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^*H
THE
SELECT CIRCULATING LIBRARY.
COWTAINlIfO
THE BEST POPULAR LITERATURE,
INCLUDING
MEMOIRS, BIOGRAPHY. NOVELS, TALES. TRAVELS. VOYA(;ES, &c
VOL. L
PFIIL ADELPIUA:
PUINTEl) AND PlIHLiaHED BY ADAM WALUIE,
1*0. rt, NORTH EinilTH KTRKET.
• I8a3.
I
CONTENTS.
PAGE
^. Lafayette and Louis PiiiLirrE, or History of tlie Events
and the Men of July, 1830. lly IJ. Sarrans, Jr., aide-de-
camp to Lafayette until the 20th of Decemlwr, 1830. 1
B. Tlie Editor to the Reader — the Publisher to ditto. 33
8. The Gentle Recri'it, a Talc. By the Author of " The
Subaltern." 31
4. Sakatoga, a Tale. By the same. 45
(. Editors Notices — Extracts from Sir Richard Phillips' ."Mil-
lion of Facts. 00
y. A Family Touk tiihovgii Sol'tii Hollam), up the Rhine.
and across the Netherlands. By Lieut. Col. Batty. 07
i. Lives and Exploits of BANDirn axd Rohiierm. By C.
Mac Farlane, Esq. 01
Life of Blackueard. 123
Life of Captain Kid. 125
10. Lives of Mary Read and Anne Boime\. 12S
r
I . Semi-serioi's Observations of ax Italian Exile, durni^
his residence in England. By Count Petchio. 129
%-2. Ediioi's Notices, A:c. 155
if
■^.l. Memoirs OF IIortense BEAtiiAHXAis, Duchess of St. Leu,
) Ex-queen of Holland. Translated iVoin the French ex-
* >• JmiiNAL OF A Nobleman; Ikmiii; u iiarrnlivo of his resi-
lience at Vienna during the conijrcss. 177
)•">. 'riic Wonders of the Lane. By the smtlior of Corn Law
Rhymes. 204
1 1). SoniM'l on Sir Walter Scott's i|uitting Aliliolsford for Naples.
IJv ^\'illialll Wordswiirlh. ib,
pai.e
17. LetpiOrs of the Late Earl of Chatham, to his nephew.
Thomas Pitt, Esi). From the fourth London edition. JO.")
18. Notice of Wacousta. From the London Literary (iazette. 20"*
19. W.vcorsTA, OR, The Prophecy; a Tale of Detroit aii<l
Michillimackinac. By the author of Ecarie. 200
20. Regard for Home. By (ioldsmitli
21.
«71
22.
23.
24.
23.
20.
87.
28.
NaRR.VTIVE of a Jot'RNEY FROM CaLCITTA TO FllHOPE.
by way of Egy|)t, in the years I-127 and 1S28. By -Mrs.
Charles Lusliingtoii. 272
Ramiiles of a Natihalist. By the late Dr. John (Jo<linaii.
With a memoir, by Dr. Drake of Cincinnati. J"!*
Re.miniscences of a Voyage to India. By Dr. Reynell
Coates. :jtMi
Finland Song, addressed by a mother to iier child. B>
Dr. John Leydeii. .102
BioGHAi'iiRAL Memoir up Dr. John Levdcn. By Sir
Walter Scott. ;i(r,>
The Mermaid. By Dr. John Leyden.
Ode to an Indian (iold Coin. By the same.
.Miscellaneous Poetry. By the same.
;ilo
312
ih.
29.
30.
WALTiiAM,a Novel; lieing the third volume of the Librarv
of Romance. 31.'*
Memoirs of Dr. Bihnev. .Vrraiiged from his own iiianii-
scripfs, from family pa|)ers. and from personal ret'ollcc
lions, by his dauglitiT, IMadiime D'.\rbln\ , author <ii
Evtdina, Cecilia, \-<'. ;».").•<
Freni II LiTiiRATiRK — Review of N'irior Husii's Notic
Dame de Paris. tio
The Bi,a(k Vei,m:t Bvi.. By Miss Milfoni
.M miemoisfi.i.e Tiii:ki>i;. Bv the same.
4l.''i
4|t>
m:« sintiEs — VOL. I.
i
I
s
wa3:i1d:ii^^s nrn^m^
OJi.'.s;
gkw^:^^ mmmj>^'T.
V4II,. I.
rmi.AiiKi.iMiiA, JAM'AKY i.j, in;j;«.
NO. I .
I'mNTiP ANii Pi m.iiiiiitn nv MIAM WAI.IHK, CiRfisTiiR utrket, riiii.Aniti.nii* - Ai .J.'i liir .">•.' iinciilwr*, p.nyiililf in iiilvBiic-r.
Hoti- Av<'iilH 11
|(" iL (J S UDOll. I'RlMtK. AMI I'l IM.IKIK.H*, N.:W V"KK,
il I'lilill-li.i. l.T Hie slBli: 111- >•«■»• Viirk unil all llii' N.» I.MSlliiiil fluli*.
1 I'MKIIVIX S Wlinll U 111 Ilii.iiii-iLl.iKKH, HoTlMiiKi!;
t Snif .\L'*'t(tp IMi lilt »Ialc< lit M.iiytrtiiil, Nirjiii fl, ami (.liiln, ;iiirl Uir i ity nl' \'W Olli
on,
HISTORY OK TIIK lOVKXTS AN'D THB iNlKN
ol' JI'liY, IKKt.
IIY It. SAURAN.S, JI'N.
nr I A'lr tij i.aiaiktts iNTlLTllK-Jliril iik niti tMliKK
1,-30.
Pif/'acc to the Jirnl American edition.
The fiillowiMg wiirk liy M. Surnins c'lmslitutcs ii |K)r-
lioii only of llii' two oolavi) volumes wliiili Imvr just ii|>-
(H'liml in rnris uml I.oiulim. 'I'lic orijfinal i» clividi^d
iiilo llirii" |>aru; rlic liril is a l)ii)prn|iliy of LaliiyiMIr
(irfvioiiH ti) till' liatf 1)1' till- iali; Krrncii Rrvoliitinii, ami
IK a iMiiipilntiiiii Iroiii l.'ir History ol' .Vimriia liy Dr.
Kamsay, .Marsliall'n lili' of Wn.-liington, \<:. 'I'liis por-
lion WT liaic oiiiiltiii, ils contoiits bi'in(j a ri'|H'titiiJli of
what niustl hr familial to >■ 'rry riuilcr. Tin.' scromi |)arl
" l.afavflle ami laiiii.i IMiilippe iluniig llic Ucvolulion
of I.~i;lfl," wi! Iiuvii iiisortril as Uir most valiliililr, con-
tiiiiiii); an arciiratf liislory of tin- ncnts it rroord», with
iiianv iii'W details not iK'forr inadi- |ml)lir.
'I'lir lliird division nlalrs to tlir |iolitina of I'ralirr,
.ind Ihr .stnijrj.'lrs of tin- |ira(u and war parties .sim-c tin-
revolulinnwliiili linrliil Cliarlis X. from the throne, and
imliidisaii acroinil of the causes wliieli led to Ihe re.
-lignalion of the Lallille minislry. It makes tVei|in lit
nnd honourahle iiieulioii of l.afuyetle, whom Ihe seeond
(Kirtion of Ihe work, now pnlilishrd, follows to Ihe |M'riod
of hin re.nicniiig the i.nniinaiid of the Nnlional (iiiards.
HiH eondnet in that iin|)(irlanl step is made to ap(Niir
strietly in acrordaiiee with lii.i well known priniiples.
'I'lie siihseiniiMil events related ill the work, in « liieli he
lias not liecii so pruniiin nlly ejijiaged, form a distinet
^ p»Tiod in lii.<tory, and will more appropriately !«■ the
•J ground work for a future volume, when their result is
known — .ihall we say urter the next revolution ?
Till' honourable name of Iiufayettc is intinmlely inter-
woven with till" liislory of the I'niled Stales, who.ie eiti-
2cn» will rejoKi' at every event which raises liini in Ihe
tlimalion of Ihe world at larjfe. They now have lo
iluiik Al. Sarraiit tiir his sueeessful eflnrts lo exliiliit the
hero of three revolutions in hi.4 true eolours.
I
I.NTUoDrt'TION.
I uin Roinji to s|ifak of the political men and all'iirs
thai W'. ale living ainongsl, as if they were already far
reniolc from our own I line.
I shall represent the eventB «ucli as they have appeared
to inc, the men such as I linve seen them. I shall say
nntlini); lull tin.' Iriilli, liiit 1 shall KjMMik it without re-
serve.
However, Ihe nature of the taets which I am almul to
evhiliil, rcipiireii that I should candidly state llie sourect
from which my intormalioii has been drawn.
I enlrcal, then, that on reading the title of my liook,
its veraeily may not hastily lie doubled, nor Ihe project
of il altrihuteil to those In whom il does not belong.
The fact is, and I confess il a1 Ihe outset, that I am
guilty of an indiscretion, |M'rliaps il will bo said, of a
breach of confidence. And yet I feol that my I'onacienee
glories in il, as an act worthy of a good citizen.
The fuel is, Ilinl it is ehieily made up of iinpuhlishcd
letter^ tlioughls privnielv expressed, rc|M)rts made with
elnseil doors; and these letters, these Ihonglils, these re.
porls, will frcqiienily Is' found lo ap|H'rlain lo the two
men into whose hands the .Fnly revolution first of all
c:nl the ile»lini«s of Kr.inee. flow, Ihen, can it have
Inen, that dneumeiitary. inaller, of sneli great im|Hirtance,
lioiild have found its way lo me, a humlile journalist.' A
few words res|K'eting my individual jHistlion beforir and
arter Ihe July revolution, will, I hope, he siiliieient to e.\.
plain this enigma.
Honoured, from my youth, with Ihe invaluable friend-
ship of ,M. de Lafayette, I had long gathered from his
lips, or borrowed from his wriltrn reeolleelions, notes
relative to the most iin|Hirtaiit oeeurrenees Hi:d most
charaeteristie features of his long and noble career.
■My object was to supply, in some ilegree, the im-
mense void which the akseiiee of his memoirs will per-
haps leave in the annals of our eountry. Kor neither
Ihe ease of his own tame, nor the interests of hi.story, nor
the pressing solicitations of his trietids, have hitherto in-
duced him to undertake that im|Mirlaiit task. 'I'lii' eh'ar-
ing up of some |ioiiits in his |M)litie,'il life, which had been
eitlier unknown, or known but imisrleelly ; the reelify.
ing of a few historical errors; were all that our urgeiil
entreaties could ever procure from his iielive, matler-of
fact, bill self-nigleetiiig patriotism.
The notes whiidi I have mentioned wen lying nnar-
ranged in mv {Kirtfolio, when the explosion of .luly placed
l.afoyelle, tiir the second time, at Ihe head of a great le-
volution.
That wonderful event increased the freipieiuy and in-
timai y of the intercourse which Ihe general's kindness
had ailowcd to be eslahlislied between himself nnd me;
and, lo crown all Ihe other marks of bis good will, hi^ did
me Ihe honour lo appoint me his aide-divcamp. I'he
friend and aiile-de-(!aiiip of l.afayctlc, from tlw days of
Ihe Hotel-de-Ville down lo that of his resignation, il will
easily Im' eoneeived how iiiiieh I iiiiist have seen and
learned. What I saw, and what I liMriieil — such are the
niateriats of my book.
This tavoiir, however, iin|Kisid upon me only inci-
ikntal diiticH; my voeation as a writer was not altered ;
my |H-r.sonal views remained tJie same ; and the desire of
sk( telling the charaelcr of the great citizcu whom i had
iH'fore my eyes, natiiruUy increased with the new liteili-
lies which 'I found in being thus teiii|Kirarily placed
alsiul his [M'rson.
Itesides, I |Mrceive<l that the events which were about
lo unfold thi^mselvcs, would Im'Coiiu the salient point, the
iss( nee of my work. Haifa eenliiry, and two revolutions,
W( re about, as I then believed, to be siinimed up in a few
weeks; nionarehieal bgilimaey nnd the sovereignty of
Ihe iR'ople, slavery and liberty, were once more lo he op-
posed lo each other : salutary lessons might lie struck
on I', at eonlliel ; I was a writer by proli'ssion ; those
lev. ' ''(.re lo mv piirisise;,! seized them on ht hall' of
my ci'i ilry.
I en, iclicd myself, then, willi all the documeiilH the
exi.slenee of which my iiieidenlal functions revealed lo
me; I loaded my tabjets and my memory with all the
materials for history which a eontiimal contacl with Ihe
|»'rsoiis higliesl in imwer broiighl under my observation.
.Mv eoiiimiinicnlions, as the readi'r of my bocdi will be
convineed, exii'iiiled iHyoiid the circle of the slafl'of the
national guard. Other persons of distinction honoured
me with their loiilidenec. Thii.s, for example, il is lo n
well known friend of the imperial family that I owe Ihe
possession of the enrres|)ondenee Iwlwei'ii I'riuce Joseph
and (icneral Iiafayellc ; to an accidental eonimiinication,
that of three letters from the general lo l.ouis Philip|)e ;
and lo dirt'crent incmlierB of the cabinet of the .'Id ol So.
vemlier, the discovery of some private scenes of deep in-
tercBt.
'I'henee, and thence only, the knowledge of iwlitical
Iransaclions wliieli I now eommunicate to my fellow
eitiiens ; Imiking forward to other iwriods of leisure, to
enable me to offer to their indulgence more lengthened
and deeper investigalions.
Have I, in all this, abused the eoiilidcnenofM.de lai.
fiivetle, or of any other pernon I 1 feel no apprehension
ol' having done so: my liook divulges nothing lliol has
lieen confided lo me : 1 nay only what I huve seen, read,
and beard ; neither more nor less.
Can I have been ho unfortunale as to displease the
geuernl himself by my plain s|)euking ? No, assuredly :
for he, whose principle it has liecii, all his lite, to think
aloud, and to have no secrets with llie piniplr, can be of-
fended only at a fnlschnod — and I sav nothing but the
truth
If, however, contrary to all expectalinii, these volumes
were to give Ihe slightest iinensiiiess to the man in nil
I'rance whom I venerale the iiinsl, my sorrow would I.e
extreme; yet 1 shniild find some coiisolalion in Ihe very
eonscioiisiiess of the sacrifice I should have made to the
fulhlmeiil of a duly ; for there iin- diilies to which every
thing, even the friendship of a great man, oui;ht lo \,v
sacrificed.
l''iirlhermore, (ieiieral I.al'ayette and some other ex-
alted personages will, pirhnps, blame my iiidiseri lion :
but llieir strict honour is my s( ( iirily that they will not
eontradiet any one of the facts eoiieerning tlnni in this
work.
One Word more. In rapidly traversing the great revo-
liKions which bavi- changed the face of tlu' nnidern
world, ill looking back lo lliose slnrniy and ilillieiilt limes
which aeeomplisheil the regeiieralion of one hemisphere
and piepared that of Ihe other, l.atayelle has appeared
to me as the most exalted and purest [HTsoniliealion nl
the principle of order and lils'rty. In America .-s in
l')iiro|ie, ill uU limes, in all places, I Iiiim' found him
erect and resiHcted, wherever lilu riy has had in ed nf
assistanci', weakness of siipporl, justice of defeiici', tin'
laws of devotediiess and firmness, and wherever thi
|M'ople have sought lo ri'possesa lliemselvcs of their pri.
niilive sovereignly.
CHAITKU I
al II
l.al'aveiii' at l.n (;ran;;e (.l.Tine ai tin- iiittiin:* nt" ihe irsu.isinm
— I'niL'iess III ilir iiMiiiliT ifV'itiiiiiiii -VilU'ie nnnieliv ' I'l ilyiiar
liiinii.lrv~.>liliiiilrv- III* I III' sill ol' A 111' nsl— Still mil 111 .l I'raiiie »il
Ihe iiniinint et llir piil'liraliun nl ilir i ri.li.iinii s nl the ^'.'ali <>f
Jiilv.
luce ISOd, the |M'riod of his reliirii lo Krirre, I. a
favett'e had pas.kcil the greater pari of his liiiie on bi.i
late of l,a (Jraiige, the inheritanee of his mother-in-
law the Duchess d' \yeu, imninlateil on the seall'old of
the Ueign of Terror. 'I'he ileeri e which ordained the
restitution of the properly of ( oiideiiined pcisons, had
restored lo him tital wreck of a hirge palriinony, of
which the revolulioiiarj whirlpool had >wallowed up all
that he had not himself sacrifiei d to Ihe inleresls nl
lils'rty, vvliieh lie was always deteriitliied to serve with
his fortune ns well as his lil'e. There, in the hosoiii of
Ills numerous fiioily, happy in the happiness which liii
paternal care dilftiscs upon all around him, Mirroiiitdi d
with frii itds, and rich in tin' blessings of the poor, I, a.
fayelte indiilgi d his ruling taste lor ugrieullure, us
iiiucli a stranger lo the Tuilcries of the liesloration u»
he had lieeii lo those of Ihe Kiiipiri .*
I shall not nllempl to di scribe that ancient residence
of l,a Orange, opi ii to all Ihi: iiiihappy, and at Ihe don
of which iiiisforlniii' in ver knocketl in vaiii. So iiitjii,'
palriiits, pliilanlhropisis, fiieiuls of hiinianily, nf allopm
ions and all coiinlries, have, like myself, been nealcd at
iM.de l.afayelti's firesiile, that the simplicity, Ihe oiMii-
hearted liospilnlily, llic coiiliiuial but always silent acit
of iHiieliceucc, the progress of agrieiilliiral industry and
lomeslic economy, enjoyed so delieiously in that happy
abode, are known lo every one: Ihe patriarchal hospil.i-
lily of Im (iraiige has heciiine proveibial.
I come now to that siiddeii coiiviilsioii of the riaiiic
of society, in which we shall see the man of the two
worlds showing himsplf, as ho had ever done, no less
zealous ill defence of order, than nrdcnl in promoting
the liberty nf his eoimlry. Ihit before we follow liiiii
in the r.cv.' eaiccr which is opening before, him, let us
cast a rapid glance ipon those events so unforeseen and
so luumenloiis as lo he beyond all ordinorv rules of
comparison.
Never had more humiliation and insults inrinined Iha
anger nf a people and expanded the feeling of liberty in
their breasts. Neither memory nor imnginalion depicts
to ine any thing more dishonest, and at Ihe same time
absurd, than the fifteen years' reign of those Bnurlions
wliom France had envrred with her mercy, and
• Chnrlcn X. titieilnfien in ssy, "Thers sre but Ivvn men in the
ri'vnliiilKn, (iiifsyriti' and inyH-if, ihsi havn rrnmlni it iiniihsltcn in
llieir iMlnriplei." Anil, imlepil, the ri'vnlniinn orjnly has iitl'iiirii'd
a Irrsti protit or the Irnnt liy nt* the prlnclplt's of ihntp Iwo rnii
ii'iri|vornrti>s. The Insl words, Inn, vvhii'h tlii' fKllen king nildri'niieil
10 ili^ enpiniti of ihrvriwi'l vvlilrli rnrrlcd hini lo FnglnntI, wi-ri',
" Il Ih tliRI ettl rrpiihllran l.Hl'ayplli' Unit linit done all thin." b ly.
in inithi .1 rhEirni-ii'risilr of thai inmrtigil'lc pnrty. to we unthlni;
hiiT Ills nsmfiof iinllvlHiinlii in mnvi mnnisof thp pi ptilm nisnfi
i,AF.\YKrrr. A>n i.oi is riiii.irrr.
1
I
Iwhtld fiicc more, wilhoul h.iLvd iis wi'liout lovr, sfnti'd]
on r'lie of t!io sfixUcst tlinmrs iijinn lartli. Ami il' il
w.i-i 111' lirsl tiiiio In thr work! IImI, r.rtir lil.'rn yrr.rr
nl' [liitimrr, a iiiilioa 'i.'tliirty-Uvii mllUuns iii' nun, riis.
tribiili'd ovir an cxlrnf-ivr trrrilnr ', divrr.>-lfii'd in ticrir
nuniK rs, llirir di'sir.'s--, llu'lr laiilt--, (Iji ir vlilni^', :i!iil
nlvivc ;.n i!i t'lc di '.Tcs nl" a vc rv u'.icriii.il rivilis.ilinn,
havi' llnirvl I'lini-i Ivi s niiiird in iTic nnaniiiifus litlii';;
of r':;)rnl>ati.in, il i« Irit jnsl to wiy, that ni vrr, i illnr.
w.i.4 t!i:'rc 3C0ii itsi)Vt'ri-iL''n tiiinilv ni'-rr .^^'liri'ims to in.u'»
tilt- p'jl.'lic roasc.n, .M.d tu iIIm'Ic u' in ilM If ii nature
lai-cijrn to tlio ii;r" of its oxistintN'. llmv niinv ol<l pn ■■
jiiiJiics wrrc rovivcd, liow many plot^ iji(dil..trd, Innv
many iniquities coininitti'd, in that space of li.Kcn
v'.ir'I Sj i:utoIi liir;uliido and vajiity sconi.-' rfally al-
"in>.it su;K'rlnir!i,in. dit n« n^vrrt to t'.i' pii-icjd of th'
(lr*t rc-st.rali'in of tho Hourli.'U-^ : what an aduiirr.lilr
<i|).^iiinT was thrro llrr a ])•■■, ri"hl and r''|iaraliv.' rri>.!i !
Fi".Liico, .«ii'.''' .'« Iioui* XVIII. f'lnid it on lii^ return,
\v,.;i ra) !.ai_-iT that u iil'.ii, I .sa ileu I y triumph aiul rtv.i-
ti.imrv tnovi'rnont, uliii'li the year 17. 3 had le.l sn>
pendi^d bol'.va'n tiio so\\ni;;nly of Iho people, wliicli
li id nnl yet cojiii- into rsi>lince, nnd the inonirrliial
d'V;i.)limn, wiiiiii existed no lonrcr. The spirit of de-
niorratie turliul."ui' li id liecn "\|iau>ied liy il.'' own vie.
I'lee, r.'puhliiMU radii'ili m liafi hien piidi;ieil in the r.r
pi'l in AiTjionts of p puLir opinion ; and the only !'• c'iii!.'.'.
t.Tal had rurviwi iiiliie the v^eaKiirys of the llirietory,
the deC'.plioi'.s of the Coii^ul-.le, 'uid the c'"' i''-" of tlie
Ki.ipive, were, the puiilied h.ve of tlic r<v,ilution of
ITc* I, the h'.t'id of the cvce.-.-ep of JTty, nnd a f( neral
reproh'ition of the hriiliiint yoke of Uonnpirte. That
forI'Minl.: soK.i. r iliU" I p.e.v..T i:l i sue v.illi nirirehy ;
nuJ lii.s dejp.ilioai inl.rljt, to a e. rl.iu pninl, ret iisel.
up.in the u'e.i.sily of lonninali'. '^ tint ^an','uiuary
Hru',-':le. The IJeter aim leid, on the eonlrary, f.ni •!
li'.ierty at is^in; witli de.!p..liji.i, an. I -.iV. uii!|ersl..nrliu'..
all intere: ts, at work to return to tlif prineiple^ r.f Kr-',
L.ul talie tlieir stand upon lliecon'-litulien of 17M. (Jed
Cor'.iid lli;;t I ?h lu' I seek to r^ronelle ii.i e!,ievr.us eoii-
resiifjns wilii my iliity iis a pMriolie writer! .Naiiiiliou
betrayed the saeifd cau.-e oi' liherty I lliat i"* a deinon-
ptnled latl. Ilo'vaner, il i.-' hut ju-^t to ■.inl;e allowaliee
for till' circniiisl mer.-, and to f.iy that tin re were i:\
leiir-t tiie'ic prete.xis ;'ir liis ii.-- irpation of tlie po|.nl.r
t!0*.!rei:ju'v ; liiere, was .'inarchy to le stifled, ord.r lo
bcre.itoied; tliere v.ere le.irs to he si t r.l rest, p.rtie^
nrruved ajrain.-l each cl.'ier, and ;ll the ilenienl.s >if civil
wjr, ahoui t j be ercvned, perh.ip?, by tlic r.iviifjes of
fe.iei'.'ii Uivasion. II, it in ihi' caie of l!ie Hiurbcui.',
\\[.. •' a ditVere.iee! The vaniiy of a lew i:i(iiviilu;.b
liU.nbkil, tiio anihiiion of a li'w lii.sapp.iinled, were ali
the '.' j-lacle:i v.liieii liiev l:ad to o\ereoiue ; while tui tin
other tid" wcic the wliele miral .tienjth of rr,inee, ti:-
ft.'eiii: of opiiiiMn, tnd the u.iiversal loiiginj 'or tr.ui-
•joiiiily dll:r twenty-uvc ytart- of r.ei!alion. Wlial vri>
necess.i.'V It Ik' done, ill order lo ad.ipt linrrty to t'lat
ad.nir-jblj dpp'isiticn of the piiMiC ir.ind .' Notl'.i:i'j-
more than to espou-e tini.erely the ireuerous priiciplc:-
f f a rLVo'.u'.i ju tVoai whicli tlie people had liitlierlo e.\.
jjfrjoncc.i ye; more \.a;^,iee tlijU ber.eiit. Ijul, on t!ie
cjnirary, v.'h.it "us dou ■ ' No sooiut were they .si'atid
on a throne searrei,- yet dry fr.ini tie l)l..o.l of I, ;ni-
XVI., Hull toe faii.ily of ihal prine; LcMii to predui c
Ijctiens niid paMie iMlanuiies : all the old pn jitdiee^,
all the i iteiefil* fouie.'.'d iii i.'rror, rose np ii;.faln in all
their in!cl>!nl p.-itension- : a barefaced |>rop:res« \va-
coininer.red lowardi ii!l tlic iniqui'liK ot tin- p:ist a'je :
euch WJE tlic object of iJl llic nelf, s-ieh tiie cpirll of ,ill
Ihc sivjiiiics and nuiin^-s, luut iii.iriicd ilij brief e .i^t-
tnce of the tii'st Re-tor \ti./i,
Toe u;l-i.e ot ihiaTs hrou.'ii.l al.oul the r»'«ult (\hiel-.
flaiii fiiXjil .,ei. '• hill ele.-rly liire.-een. .\ f^kiif appeared
up'.<u t:io c.'asti of I'roveiice ; anri th .t ihrene wi;h ilr
»(<Ci(( u/tiff/i/ ri.f ,r.«c. siirr., undid bv a p': opi ' uiid an
trmVi cruuibled liway he'ori' ii sinvle i-;an, I'uvnuial bv
inilii. iry tlory, but no loiii;er clled lor by the national
ai'icnt. I tli'ill iiot eptnl: of the liundied dava'
rei^ii. Liberty, a seconil liuej disowned by llr.uaparte,
V.'yuld no l..u;r->r r:itii;i- lieia.elf under b: i iliitalerahip :
the IiatiC'll retired I'loin iniri; nnd one day. our' un-iie.
iei'<ful eonlliol, etVected aeaiu-l that ere it e,ipt lin \\ hi:t
three years of reverses and the loss of Hventv battles
l,ad "Circtly been abl'' lo ila, so |o:o' ;is th" t\- ti >n liud
hnt him any support. '/'Inw perished li.e turliine m
Uontpnrle, as ttlll ever periidi in Krtmce llie work of
SuKUhncsM and anibitiin.
Wo cunf? now to a ncn' order of or- iiTcncp», of
"vliieb it Is le.'i'fs.-iiry lo clmee i;t 111" inojt pr""i;iueiit.
ih'se first years of snn;,'uin.iry real li''n and terrorism,]
i.nrinrr which the purest blooil of Tranci' flowed u|i..n
'he scatl'old. It is but too will known with how uiany
«oin.il;j and chains 'the Bonrhiiii.s tli.n covered our iin-
liirtnnnte conirtry; and tlie imaije of the Most I'hrislian
K'intr, lil'.i' tlie Saturn of the C'arthai^inians, di'vourini;
his < bildrcn, is net so scon lo be eft'aeed from the me-
mories of Krenebmen. I will only advert to Ibeixeneriil
.iMtiiri s of that extensive plan ot' counter-revolution lo
whieh the ordinances of the 2atli of .luly were only u
sUppIl 101 i.f.
'I he 1,1.1 blow aimed at the eh irter of lsil 1, an im-
pcr'i.et consccrition of the prineiples proclaime<l oy the
l.'oiisliliKnl .\ssenibly, was the ordinanc e by virtue of
Hliicli l.ouis .Will, "cliani'dl. of bis own aiilliorily, the
priiui.ive eomlilions i i' i le< tor; hip and of i haiiulily.
I i a iiee:iirw aril, each day i;ave binh to ^oloe fresh eoiiii-
iiT-revoliitiooary projce'l. lirsf of all, two distinct (;o-
VI ri; III Ills v.ere .set up in the htale ; the one oilelisilile,
,ind desijrntd to exhibit the t'ornis of reprcsi illative [.'i,-
veriimeiil ; the other occult, and .aetinir d(^lKJtlCidly
upon every branch of the adiiiini'-traliyn. Ilowi'ver, tiie
eoiihler-revohition was as yet only marchinp ^rudnally
to its object : il was resnivcd to prccipit.ife it. 'J'heii
wan loriiicil the \ illele iiiinislry, for the evident purpose
of aecimplishini; the comitcr-revolution, by sfreiiprUK'n-
ill!: it with all toe cncri'-y of seven iiidiviuu:Us broadly
s'-i: 111 iliseil, and ilevoleil to the jiarty.
Then, .ilsii, was waijed that impious war, whieh pre-
sented to the world file spectacle of a I''rciicli nriny en-
'.'a'/ed in iinotherin'T in Spain tiie first (;erins of the
liberty for whii h il b,id itself so luii^' eoniliaied, l''roin
til. t inst.int, tlie reactionary policy of Ihc liestoratioi
obcrved no IiouikIs, 'i'lie f.rdmanec of .Andiijar wai
reveliid as s.aon ;is published. The iievobiiion had
sirieki n li.natitism to the heart, in conipi llmir the
ell .-.'jy to rouline themselves within the prteincis ot' th.c
Seriptnres. They were appeased by a l.-.w of blood, the
law of saeriK L'e. The Charter binl solenmly pronounceii
iliut the t^ale of the nalionul domains was irrevocable:
a wilLiDil was llirnwu to the voracity of the e.nl^'r.inls.
II iiiiaraiili' (I the li'.ertv of tliepre.«s; an endeavour
was nude bi nbii!i.-h it by the /.// il tiiii'inr. The Iri'l by
jiirv wais the sole p,.ll,i(lliiin of the hv and honour of
tlie cilizen.,; its Mippression was i,tiempted by a pro-
iecl of law v,iiii b teoli I'reni it tiie cnanizanee of the
crimes of barratry liiid pii-aey. .\nollier project of law
rel itiii? to the schools ti.r medieinc and t,i incdie il ju-
ries, leii no doubl of the inteiiliou tociislave successively
ali lb" libiT.'.l professions. .\nil fome symploms of iii-
liepi ;id( lice bavin,'; been mani'i'stid in the Chamber of
I'leia. il all haste it was ovirulichned with creatures of
ti.e lie. tor.,tii.n. and willi the most Bcrvile of the rem-
nant of tile senute of the Kinpire.
Tliin;;s were at this point when, the cnunter.revolii-
i.ien bein',' opi'nly avowed, every inteicst thre.ilcned, the
iudi';aatioll of every lioiic^t n.ind ron-i d, mid, above
.11, the cry of public opinion, created .■:p;)rehensions in
the ini.ii.-lry thai il coiibl no lon^'-er eoaiiiiand the iiiajo-
rilv in theChambers whieh it had obi. lined by means of
-oinaiiy t'l.iudsand corruptiniir. It called lo:relher the
electoral colleL'i?, from wbieli i iiiied, in spile of all its
ellerl-, the more p ipni.ir chamber of l^■.'.••.
Deeated ill th,' cji'dioiiv, the licdoration turned
hvpoeritc; tiie \ illele ediniiustralion wasriisinissed ; the
klii'j c line, at the openin;,' ot' the session, to Ntaimnir
out inme words abuiil liberty, lo promife In Iter fhiiie'^
III fntuie ; and Kiauei', ever unwisely eoiilidinif, believed
111 bis promises, l'orL''avc, and lio|K'd.
'J lie .Marli'.nac admmistr.ition broiiirbl back the os-
tensible pohi y of th'' novcruiiiciit into more liueral
eonr-i's. and it is but iii-t lo say, til it its lirsl c.ire was
10 ai'. e t.i the coimtiv some of those ifu iriinli es wliieli
it bad loli'r tlaimed ill V'iii. 'i'he elei luial l.iw, ealcn-
lited to r.'prcss tin; inioi-.terial fruiels wl.ieli hail »e
d.^i'ply cnrriipted the purity of the national repi'O.senla-
lion ; Ihc law on the lili.'riy of the press, IIi'MIl'Ii im-
licrli'et, siiieo il abaled in this inntler tlio powers ol
luries ; mid the ordiiiiiin'cs of the Iblli ol' .Iiiiie, a;;aiiis''
111'' relijileus i^jrp'irjiilion::. (;a\o lo this sessiim o!
l!-i)is a restorative cbaiaeter, and conciliated to tbo (:o-
M'rilioenl the iiillueuce and support of the nation. 'I be
joiitnev lo Alsaee is in the recollection of every one ;
ihiriii!!' which the population, liir/.'etliil of tbiir iiiosl
j I'ist re ciitmiiil, camo and reii.lered liomig" liif 'be
i evils which bad censed to be inllieled upon them. Tbi-
l<i.np|i" oii,"iir;in:f of ihc i'.diiiinisl ration nppeiircd t'-
:'j have restored the nation lo the oxerciso of its rielils
.nod Iho throne to tlio ull'^'cf ions (d the French people.
There yet remained many lejritlmnto points lo be pain-
*l,l6fini:iej t)Ur tniuDcipitioii. I shall nut dwell iipoiiU'd- bn'l the representuli'ii jfiv>eriimciile\iiiced IIk' b.=.
ill .'racr tu the nnd'rstandin' of ll.o crisis, whleb h;
scniini ehariieteri'.fies. niol the people were perfuaded
that these now re'piired only to be developed.
.N'olbioc then ai periled easier thin to confirm onr«
Fclvi's in the national courses into which lln' !'(iislaturn
and Iho niioistrvhad leliirned. Ibit if the Cltainbern
and Iho depo- Inries id' authority W(re sinceie, not so
was the court. Cnnstaolly swayed hy one fixed idea,
it leid only postponed iista\ourite jirojeet of' coiinter-
reviihiiiiiii. Suspieious and di-senibliof, it saw only
eiiciiiies in the uiinislers whom the f'oiee of rireiini-
^litnet's alone Tiad imposi d npoii it : oni of the cabinet,
councils picv.'.ib'd that parnlvscd their efl'oils, nnd ren-
dered their pi iiyrcss iini!"eided anil paintiil. 'Iho ses-
sion of It^u'lt passed in new trials of slreii;;tli, in which
It w.is c..sy to deleel the conspirneies wbtcb wero
lirewitin in SI cref. The prorogation of the ChaieberK
lelt the field jree to the i.omitcr-rcvohilion party; and
III fact, the (lepnlies had se:ireelv reaelicd their depart-
nieiits, when tiie forinalion of the aihiiiiiislralion of the
^lli of Ai:j;ii.-I, pri'iared loo^' be'bre in the street of the
Tiiilirie-, struck all Kraeee willi ninazement. .\evrr
bad I'riiiice been so basely betiaied, and as .M. dc lle-
rciiqer has said, " il was resei ved Jiir our heroic naiioii
to receive from its kinjj ninre outrajjes in one day, than
anv liircieii povrer had evi r dared to offer her."
Nevertheless, in this iiniiiinent dan;;cr, the country
lisin.'r into an iiiipesinj; atlitiiile, iiKb^iiantlv and con-
rayeously confnmted the impious faeiion lo m hosB
hands its desiinies had just been cmuniilled. A uni-
versiil an.atbema was proiinimced a'jainsl this reviving
wiioration of favourites, mistresses, and llallciera,
which had fastened upon power. Then, public opin-
ion reviewed one by one the members of' the new ad*
minislralion. and beheld in each the fiiphtfiil irna!;e of
the most irru Veils wiiinuis whieh bad atllietcd Kranco
diiriiii; lliric centuries. .-Vnd in I'aet who were these
uiini-lers ' .\ liomaii prince, (.M. de Polipnac.) broiigbl
;ii;i in nllraniont.iiie maxims, and whose pitiable destiny
it was to live and die in the pr.ieticc of conspirneies ; the
man of the bloody r';(ri"iro.^', f.M. de la Honrdonnaic) ;
the CI nth' /'ic/'i/, who, beholdini,' I'loni his w indows the
irnilb.liiie iK'ranibiilalin;; the |il,iius of the liboiiP, said
lb, .t the errors of i.'i.veriiiiii nts shmild be buried in the
buwi'l* (if the earth. 'M. Chahri'l' ; ibe spoiled child of
the ConL'rei.Mtion, whose incapacity had beeonie pro-
\erhi il, I M. lie .\Iontliei; ; thi' pioinoler ot'pu vul.il courts,
'.M. (!'■ I'eir.'Voi i.T; ; a tr.iiler, a d' -liter, whose sword
had stii;niati id tlic rrcneli name, (M. de IJourniont) ,
and then — n .Miineiii,
Of such men was the new cabinet coinpnscd ; in one,
hype-eri-y and fmatieism; in another, violence; in a
Ibird, In .isen, servility ; in all, bad I'jith nnd hatred of
our iii^titntions, Wb.it Ibllowrd was in exact confor-
mity willi the men. Kvery aristocratic passion was let
loose; no resent ini'iit that was not ri vived ; no senseless
hope that wais not renew id al Ihistijinal.
How iiiueh t.i dread, how liitle to bo|ie, from a situa-
tion like this 1 It premised to the country nothing but
a fri'jhtfiil future ol' blood ; for il was evident ih.'il des-
polisin was absohilily mccssary lo men totally incupu-
hie of v.orkir,;; the niiiebinerv of a reprcsi illative jjo-
vernmenl. In sutli a crisis, inaclinii had bei n death
wlienee a e-eni'rons eimilalien sei'/.ed e\erv citizen. On
'V'ly Mile preparations were made for cniiibaliiii; to the
litmosi that coniempt of all civ ilisalion, and horror of
all liberty, all national iinprovcinent, which was tin;
.iiiini ilinc soul ol' the cabinet of the t'lh of .■\iicust. In
v.iiii was il th.if, alarinrd at the cries of iiidi;rn,ation
which assaile I llieni as on u (reiieral calamity, flic new
miiiistirs hesltalcd to resort al once lo nrbilrury mea-
sures; in vain did they all'eel niieoiicerneduess amidst
Ihi apprrbei'vii.ns wbieli lornunl, d them; in vain did
lliey prole^l that the nation had iiotlhuK to li'.ir ; the
nation, kiiowiiiL' tliat its fesrs ware never bitter (jromid'
I d, plepared on all sides lo delind it-s iiK'iiai ed rijjbts
An asioi i.'liiui, fornnd by « small knot of persons for
the purpose of resi-tinir the payment of taxes, spread
with prodi;,'ioiis rapidity : the press, assiimin;; ils hifjle
est t'ohcliai-, wu;;ed incessant war a;iainsl the unveiUd
pri'jei Is of the •,;overiiment, nwa'u iicd the apprehension
lit' lai.'/u i/'e't'//, and fill d all ranks with the prcsenli
nil lit of a t;ri'at and innnlnenl (binf.'er. In short, tvery
■. who hived his country prep'ind liir icsistance. Nine
inontlis passed in reerimiiialions and in prcparationii
li.r alt.iek and defence, Unt ullu- all, the nation mu.st
le en'.'ountcrcd fjce lo face ; the Chambers were sun.
nioiied.
I'p to this period the I'aclinn had wern a mask of po
triolisin, end disgusted the nation with its praises; itj
lanijMdne WHS now cliaiejed : Charles X, (aine, al Ihi
opuiiii'j of the session, to deneuiiec rrance us a holbei:
I.ArVYr.TTi: AM) I.CU'IS imiii.iimt..
-tnW wore pcrfuadrd
lIcvnliipcH.
iin In ronfirin niir«
iNhich Ihc'.'Cisl.itiirii
Itiit if llic Chnmhrrn
w(rr f-iiicciP, not so
il liy one li.tcd irtfn,
pri.jpi I <>( couiilcr-
nililiriff, il Kinv nnly
llic loicc of nrruiii-
; oiil of tlm r.ntnnot,
hi ir I'fl'iiil', ^in'l "■"-
111 |i,iinliil. 'I lie "<•»-
M' >tliTi^'lll, 111 wlilrl)
liiracii's wlin'li wcro
ir-n nf lilt' Ciiaii'lu-rs
rcvrjlulidii party ; and
ri'nrhi'il Ihi'ir iloiiatl-
ailiiiiiil^lniliiin of the
ire Ml llio ^Irci'l nf the
1 niiirizi'iiirnt. NVvrr
, pil, iiiKt as .M. lie Ke-
!iir iinr hernie iiaiioii
aTs ill one Hay, than
1 10 otl'er lier."
il (lan^rer, the country
, inilij;iiaiUly and cou-
ms (anion to «iin^e
1 roniniillod. A uni-
I a?aiiisl llii» reviving
ressps, and Hallcieri!,
. 'I'hen, piililie iipin-
niliers nf the new ad-
1 the t'liirhtfiil imaiie of
1 liiid atliietril France
> lait who were these
I. ill riilijrnae,) hronglit
I whose pitiable (listiny
till- nf eenspiraeies; the
M. d<' la Ki)iirilni>naic) ;
r lioin his windows the
iins of the lilionP, said
should he buried in the
1' ; Ihe spoiled ehild of
laiilv bad beeoiiie pro-
.niolirofpiivoUl courts,
a ilr-i Iter, wbosc sword
nic, (M. de Uourmont) ;
liinet composed : ill one,
aiintiier, viulenie; in a_
IkuI lailli and hatred of
III v.;!s in e^act eonfiir-
Itoeriilie passion was let
,t ri vivi d ; no senseless
lis (:if:n:il.
le to hope, from a situa-
Ihe eountry nothing but
111 was evident tliat des-
1,. men totally ineapa-
of a reprcsi illative go-
^elimi had hceii death
■i/.eil every citizen. On
dp for eonibatini; to tbe
ilisution, anil borror of
leioinl, vhicb was tin;
Ihe Hlh of .\nciist- In
,ie cries of imli(;nation
[iieral ealamilv, Ibc new
once to arbitrary inea-
lineoiieernednoss amidst
]it. d them; in vain did
d iinthiiiK to li'.ir ; the
,.• never bitter (.rroiind-
lid iU iiKnaied riglits
lall Uiiol of persons lot
lynienl of laxen, spread
asBiimin;; its lii|,'li-
lar aiiainst tbe uiiviilid
lliined Ihe apprebensioii
Inlis with the prcsenll
.lU^'er. In short, i very
(d liir usislaiiee. Nine
, and ill pic|>urutiijus
r all, llie nation inn.il
("hambers were sun.
ad worn n mask of pa
|>n with its praises; it<
iirles N. eanie, at tin
■lice I'rance us a liolbcc
of revolt and ar ''lion ; llic coniilcr-rcvolulion bcjjan to
think nloiid in i^ie roval siieech :— " If enlpible e.vp.-
dienls are resorted to." s.id the Iviiii:, " for the purpose
of raising oli.stacles in the way of my irovernment,
which 1 will not, wliiib I cannot foresee, 1 slull not
want resolution to put them down."
Of all the session!, none hail coininenecil under such
uiitavourable auspices. 'I'lie taction
teen ccnlnnes of cootimi "d rebellion
of the [Kople, h III passed in obscurity t.'ie pi
Ucimblic and that of till '" ' "• ■'' ■■
in lull li.i' and vi^' lur
which, arter four,
aiiaiii-^t the r.iiitls
eriod of the
r.Mipire, now di-playcd itself
It was now no lon'.'cr a ipicstinii
(if fears more or less vai;iie, of re|nrls more or less
well founded; the eountir-n volution hud divnl;;id its
secret; and it became evident that hentellirward citlii r
liberty must put down an insolent oligarchy, or llut tlie
oli,Mroliy would e.vliii(,'msh lihirty ; in one word, il was
clc^ir thai what tlie Mb of .\vi;.nisl adminislr.ition bad
be,'un by fraud, il was prciiarin^' to carry by main
force.
In tbe royal siM-reb, so niicli tinctured with liatred
and conteiniit for the ri;'lits of the nal.on, France saw
only an additional reason for never Ire.itinj; with ene-
mies whom it was nece^.^ry to vainiiiish, and to persist
with her utmost eiieriry of pur|Hise in seekini; to drive
troiii licr iiicii wlioie so inmy plots and so inveterate an
aversion to lilK'rty, pointed out, to her eonsti rii ilioii, as
t.'ie nunt irreconcilable enemies of representative po-
vernmenl.
The C'liamlH'r of Deputies fully cnnipreliended tin
dancer of the ])ositioni it iMt thai this was not, us was
maintained, a inrsnir 1 i|uestioii, a ipiarrel anion;,'s| indi-
viduals ; for if, when slroiii; and vitforons institutions
have been loll:; established, the aibninislratioii of public
affairs mnv pass without iinieli ri-k iiilo perverse nr nil.
skiluil bands, boiausc ii is n,, luii^'er pos.ilile to dcslrov
tlieiii, il is not so wiieii nr^Miiie l..ws ate as yet only a
«lueslion of riiflit rather tiian of lael, and v.-lien the in-
stitutions which rre tbe very life of liherly have yet to
be obtained : tin n tbe ipieslioii of lliiii;;s resolves ilscli'
into a ipu'slion of men; and tlie existence of a bad ad-
miuistralion, were it only for one twelvemonth, one
month, one diy, iK'eomis a public lalimitv.
The majorilv of the eliauiher fell il tin ir duty to Lay
before Ihe moiiareli Ibis Irnlli : — "'The intcrveiilion of
the eountry in piiblii' l|S,is.ielion.s," si'id liny, '•renders
a consta;il concurirnce of llie [)olilii:il v ii ws of your
govermneni willi the wishes nf ihe people, indispeii-ijlily
ncccssarv to t!ie well eoiidiiclin',' of llie public hu-iness.
iSire, our loyally, our devoledness, eonipel us to dcelire
to vou that this eoneurreiice does not e.\i-t.
"Itetwecn tliose wlio ill imdrrsland a iialion so ealtii
and t'.atbiiil, and us, who witli a profoumi I'oiiv iition
P'lme to deposit ii: your hcscm the (rriei'sofa whole p,'.,.
pie. let tlio superior wisdom of your m.ijesty be judjie."'
What answi-T did the s;i|K'rior wisduiii of I'n.irles .\.
I'ive / That the resolutions announced in llic speccli
iVom the llirone were humiilalili'.
From that inoineiil, the symptoms of an approaeliin;;
crisis suceeediil one anillier with iViirlitliil ripidily.
'I'lie proro^alioii ot' the cliaiiiber, and soon aller, its dis.
s..Iiiliou: tbe most eriiiiiii.il eiiiploynicnl of all kinds oi'
frauds loviliate the elections; an i viensive and .ilroi imis
plot, spreading' conllaiiralioii lbrou:rli our provinces; a
great milit.iry enterprise eoiu"' i\ed and c.veeuted in the
sole view of ercatiu^' a diversion in the public iiiiiid fa-
vourable to the cnunter-revolulion ; Ihe appoint in;; of a
eommander-in-ebief covered with an indelible op|iro.
hriiiin; llie c.vpeinlln;,' of enonnouH siiins wilhoul ll.'i
control of tbe eliamlH'rs ; the reliirn of M.dc I'lyronml
to the ad iiinislratioii, and Ihe appoinlinj of Al.M.I'.i.
pelle and Clianli lan/e, in pl.ici of two ministers who
. had shrunk iVoin the enimler. revolutionary projeels;
t till! royal proilanialion ; Ihe adjoiirmni iit of twenty
rlecloral eolleaes; the news of the capture of .M;;iers ;
the triumphant strains of the ailmini'tralion ; the re-
election of almost evi ry one nf tlie two hundred and
twcniy-one ; the Irininplis of the conslitiiliiuial op|wi-
tinn in an immense uLijority nf llie electoral colleu'cs;
the defeat of the iiiiiiislers ; the sending of seen t li tiers
fiir Ihe purpose of eolli etiii;; to^retlicr the depnlii's al
I'aris, Willi a view, iindoiihteilly,lo I'acilitate the seeiiriiij;
of their persons; in line, Ihe publisliinjt of a memoriil
111 which the emigraiil fielion solicited Charles X. In
have rcemrsc to nm/is tVttnl: sin h were the < vents
which preceded the orilinanees of the ■Jlith nf .lulv, the
iietivii expression of the purposes of tbe Hth of .Xujjurl.
The first of these ordinances, n direct attnek on the
nitional representiitimi, pronounced the dissolution ni
AiJd :«s of ttip two tneiiirvl \^.f\ trvrn:y-oni»
ColiC'^CS oi
riylil only of reeoinmciKlliiu' cinuidatcs ; alioiished
the vo'e bv ballot, the intervention of the thirds, and the
jurisiliition of the royal courts in inatl.rs rihtiin; to
leelions; li.e third caivoked the new colli o's f.i t!ie
tllh and iMli of Se|iti'iiih. r, and tlie ehaiohers ibr tin.
~'stii of Ihe s.iu.e inonlli; fmallv, the I'ointh ordinance
the ehanilHT bclore il had assembled: liie si cniid an- ^ witiics of the liii ts whi.li I rel.ile, 1 shall concede no
nulled the e.-iistini; electoral laws ; reduced the iiu:nb<'r| lliiii;,' t > parly spiiit ; and should 1 happen lo make any
ofilepilies from lour Imndred and thirty to two liundreil niisstateinenl, it will be the tliiilt of iny inemory, never
and fnlv-ci:.'lit; lell to the eolic','cs oi'' (irri)H'.'i'.<MHf»n nf my will : but my memory, I am eonvineed, eaniiol in
■ this ease pre . ul to llic any but f..illifid and inelV..ce^Uu
iinpresMons.
Tile first member of tbe chamber who ventiirrd tr>^
del lire hi, lis, li' and risk bis head, in tbe first sta(;eof
tie; strii;:;;l,', that is to say, .tI the iiioiin lit when the in.
urreiliuii had as yet on its side only the probahililii it of
abrogated tin: laws wlm II cuaranlicd the liberty of tin de I'at, and the scad'.. Id m prospeet, w.is Comil Ak'V.i.dre
priss, and riMveil the provisions of lli-l of liie 'JL-t of , d.
t»c|..ber, 1?1 1.'
'I'liese ordinances appeared in the
•Jili.i of Julv.
.Vo'i
■ur of the
l::V. .1 prniliicril tiv ilin l irilll»:t;l'
i.ur.ll,; nil' ili.v ..1 llie -J Ill-
Ill j....ra.ili.--- al .M lhi)>i.i ■
.M.I..
1-- 1.
•Awful calm
-Miillhi; f
•;i.'i — rnii.lial, iu;li
,.1 y\
CHAPTER II.
— V spit or Paijs-
11.111. I 111 Ihe 1 r >s
I'hsl II. I'. -nil; .a ili<
Lain r.l -- -1 iM.r i;l.' . I' li.al rr, i,-.iiiI.i..M —
-Mi-iiiii; on lliu -J. Ml III .M. I'
all I .liU...ilaa.. 1.1 llK- il.'|iii<l > ai ll.ls in., .imi;.
Here eoinmene'.'s n new scries of oceurrpncrs, wliieli
brin'js me back to the ;iiincipal subject of this work, the
coiuluet of l.atayetle and Ins co-oper.itii.n in lliose yrc.t
events.
ralrn.ts still shudder when they call to iniud the first
etliet piodiiied by the ordinances: it was a };looniy
amazemi'iit, ainoniitiii!; almost to incrcdulily. 'I'Ih
.Miiniliui had Ik en eiiculatiii); lor sever.il hours: tlie
citizens of the capital bad read over and over ajjain the
insokiil manifislo ; iiinl could not yet briii;j themselves
to believe in so niiieli and icily and infiUMlioii. 'I'ln
public places rem;.iiied open as usu.il; Ihe iiili;ihil.mls ot
I'.iris were iil'.iiiiiii:; lo their bii>iiie-s; no syinptuni ol
insiirreeli.m w..s ni.inili -ted ; in short, llii' most brei;th-
trainpiilhty prcvaikd in that vast city, in Ihe In
sum of which the jri,vi.riiiiieiil ali.nc was or^aiiisiiie- its
iiie.iiis i.f att.ick and defiiice.
'I'ne periodical press, houever, tlie fiiTt ibj-ct struck
by the ordinances, which, by blow Uiion blow, were
breaking' up its c.vistcnce, boldly took refn;;e m lie iir-
reition. li.iviii'.; to choose belwi en shivery and revolt,
till' opposition j..iirii;ils, with very tew exce[:li. i.s. wi re
l'..ith:iil to tin ir d.M trims. 'Mni. |.ropri,'t..rs :,iiil priii-
eip;il eilil.irs met ill the first pkue, hut lo no pin lo-e, at
.'il. l>upii.'s the elder; tin n al the olliep of the .\ IhumI,
where was diseii-ised, and, at'ler some str.intje risist.iiic--
ovi r which I pi dly tlirou a veil, was adopted, tli it eiier-
f;i lie protest wbieli was to imt arms in the h:inds of tin
eili/.ens, and determine liieiii lo resist opprcssi. ii.
'I'his ciniri-'jcons protest, prinlcd in eonteiii| I of the
oriliii.inees, and jirol'uselv ilistribuU d in spite of l!:e el",
lints of tue s;ileilltcs of tyranny, prodiiicil an electric
Ci!i:ct upon tin whole pontibiliuii. I'rom tlnit moiiient,
the public opinion leeoilin;; upon itseli', asti rii-hinenl
was sueeeeiled by aiii;er and iinli>.;iialion. The inlere-|s
most iimnidiately alt:irkid made the first c.xplosi'.n,
I'lie piurneynien prinlvrs showed IhemsilveH in arms
with niercdihle darinu'. 'I'lie scholars of Ibc rolylei Imic
seho.il her.iically lie.idi d the revolted citizens; Ihiw of
the schools of law and medieine in ireln d in tin ir Iniii:
and this example r.:ised Ihe whoh lapital. Kveiv tliiiu;
ivjs then in niolion; every lliiiii; was leiniini; to insiir.
reelioii ; n ma;;niliecnl defema' was prepared in a 'I'w
hours; the sol. Hers ol' abf.|iili:-in presented themselves
on Ihe tielil i'( battle of tJie [iMhlie liberlief ; the c.ailliei
eoiiimci.eid lo the cry c f I iif I'l i'hitrte ! \'irv In l.i-
■itrli '. hlixid bei;all to llow ; all 1io|k' of i .•neili;ili.)i;
was deslroyed ; and it was mnv I'.r victory alone to dc
cide betwi\ii liherly and if'spotisni.
'J'li.' s!ru:;;;le betrteeii Ihe |s opie and the royi.l troops
had Ihiis eoiiinieiieeil en Ihe evi nini; of Tuesday, the
-'^lli of .Inly ; i;nd then was raised tin" true cry of nisur.
rec-iioii. Hut llie events of tint day, the prelude of tin
ffieali r ones of Ihe followini.' days, li.iil no rcinill biyond
two or llirer cliart'es of p.^nd'armcrie and l!i.' dispersion
of a iiiiiiiber of eroups of youths and workmen wliii'!i
had eatlicred toi;etli.r in llie line S,.iiit.Iloni.re, thc
I'laee Vcndome, and Ihe ueiirhbonrliood of the I'al is
l/ny.il. Tbe people were yet only slirrin;; ihem.alves up
to the ennqiiest of their lihprti.s, and prrludiie,' to 111.
.oniliels of the 'J'^lli or OHb, lo which 1 shall return, .if
ler devotinp u few words lo the conduct of those ilepii.
lies who w»re at Purison the UGlh nnd 37th of Julv. .\
* Itv whi.'li law nn pniioilir it JotiTiial r.tel.l be piiMishnt iviili-
..It r.r<' ..l.iaiain/ iln' -.iiiciieti m itti' tioienviii-ni. 'l'lieor.liiintii->
of Ihe ijf.tji nt' .hilv il.rnti'il f iriher ihiii i; • i r^ f-e s .iiiJ [vis's . \
siirli J.iiirni'* M cntitr.ivpar.l (h» '.'iw. sh^al'. In? n. uM nr r-s
■l<-r<'ii i.ii.t. n-u.tf\^tf
aborde. l)n the :Jbtli, .Monday, that honourable niiii
eoiir;ii;euii., deputy prespiitid hlinself anion;; the joe.rnal.
ills, uiiil aciepled the pre^di iiey of that iiieet.ii:;, ,-.l
wbiili the priinipk-of protest, itl.o, and that of resist.
anee to t:.e ordin;:nees, were loudly and pulliely decided
u;i.iii. Not oi.c of my old c. He. .piles but remembcr.s
Mllh adiiiirali.n the i.ii»wer which he i;..ve to a depute,
lion from the school of law, commissioned to ur^e upon
u. the lU'Ci ssity nf Inivinp reeeurse to arms. " licntle.
men," said .W. ile f,:iborde, "you are ri^ot : our countiy
no k'liper claims from us ciii|.ty words : mianimoiis ae.
lion, Mpi.rous and powet;"ul, can alone save hi r liberties,
lio and tell your e .mr:.i|.'s that you have f.Mind us aiii-
inaliil with llie s.-.Mc si nli:nents as y.iurs. Ivps, ri i.ily lo
liiliil li.e same ibiliis imkI incur the same daiiecrs. (in,
pentl.'iiii 11 ; jisseinllc ill pri alet nuinhcr at ten o'clock
io.iii;;lit ; and we will send M.n wold what we shall
have resolved upon."
On the bicakiii^ up of the ineiiiiii; of the j. .urmilists,
al which each one en;Meeil upon bis honour to use all
the mean., at l.is disposal m nrilir to iinile lo resistance,
and niai.e the lii-:irrei lion ireiieral, .M. ile l.alsiidc call-
ed a luei tin;; of the il.'puli.s |. resent at Paris, to take
place i.l SI veil o'elock, at the Inmoiiral !•' deputy's own
residi nee. Al i iLtbl, a ii w nn nil" rs only had answered
liic call of hoiiuiir; ainoiiL'st whom were i\Iessicurs
H.v.aix, D.'.iiiiiii, V:;.s;:al, .Marsehal, He Schenen, I.c-
livie, I'.Tiiard, and \ illenn.in. Fieliin; the urgency of
the circiimstanees, and, perhaps, iil-o tiicd of wuilinp in
vain liir liie artiv.il of Ins other eolkaeins, .M.dc La-
hold,' opi c.ed tl.is nn nii.r..l.le il.b.le. .Alter represeiil.
mp the uisoi.vili.in of the puhli.' mind, and nliliiin what
be had SCI n and heard at the nn i Imp of Ihe pmrnalists,
he showed the in ei ssity m' an i in rpclie deel, nation in
i.iiswci to the luilinaiKcs, and warmly urped that Hie
ineiiibers present should draw il up, as in ii.ll sillinp, in
liie 11, me of the ( Iriinher of Deputies. .^^. Uavoiix pro-
posed lli..t Ihe di\i. nil's present in the capital slioidd eon-
slii.ili llii'iii;.eKes a n.tiont.l asseniLly : l!ie venerable .M.
DuU.iou spoke vvliii noble li rvi.iir of the duties whiih
Ibis i!pi;ri ssi.ai by iippri's>iv.' power impo.>-i d Ujicu the
maud, it. .lies of tlip ei iiiilry; be s.,iil, tiiat even the daii-
e. rs tb.it niipiil i.tlmd li.e fiil.ilii i nl of those duties,
in..de li:cni only the more iinper.itive and the more sa-
end; II1..I since the liberty of tlie tribune was violated,
'III v.j:j-ct\l t'l Ihe jitOjile Was tbe only means of pniilic
sifety that tyraimy ii.id V'X :.t Ihe ilis|visal of the coun.
Iiy's repri .so Illative.-; am! that liny niii-l use it wilhout
lleslt.ilii.n, er f.;rfcil tin ir honour, and hi tray the confi-
dence and the dearest iiilere-|s of the n.ition. .M. de
Sehoinn spoke to tin: same eltict ; and said that it wan
n.'i ess;iry, on Ibis ./real ociasioii, to prove themselveK
capable of lavinp a.-,ide all con.sideration of sell', and, if
incii weri, lo crv V'o anus! .'siieh was the opininn of all
the iii.'inbi rs ol tliit meetiiip ; and already, ) believe,
Irid .M. Videmain received din etioiis to draw it tip in
I'le llirm of a protest, when .M. Perier was aiitiounrpd.
Ills ear hid jii.>t cauplit -M. <!e S.'honen's eoiieludinfr
wonls, " lo I'ly 'I'll iinna!" and the slroiigCHt an.xiely
was depicted in his coiuiten.'Uice.
".Mil ptntlirnenl" said he, "what imprudence nro
you poinp lo comniil ' Have you Ihoupht well of it 1
\\ liat 1 eiiistituic youriclves a national aspcinbly ! cry
111 :.rms '.''
U;il loo nnny le^itiinrte resentments now pursue thf
nienioiy of tlic President of the Council, ibr U'e not to
feci il a part of' my historical duty to cast a.side the feel.
iiips which tuich recollections n.vivn in my breast. I
will not relate the words in which he opposed the noble
resiHtance of his colleapues ; I shall merely sum up hi»
opiniin. lie thouphi liiat the chanils-r was Icp.tlly di».
•olved ; lli.il the ordinances were nnly the exercise of a
preropative reeo!.'nised by li.e ch,irtcr; and that, tineo
the publication of the MDinlriir of the day, there werfl
.eally no lon.jer any deputies, .^supposing that Ihe pre-
rrip;itive asserted by Charles X. was qucstioimble,
which he did not admit, he nski d where was the jud^'e
bi'lween tlie supreme power and the iHViple. He dedor.
ed that in any cue, the Chimb»r oiiphl to refrain fVom
,iniipip.tlip,(; I VI nt« ; that to ni(;f to in'urrecti'T trniilj
i.ArAYirnr: ANi> loiis piiii.ippr.
i
I
be uii ad nl° iii.iiIiii'ks imi its purt ; that it hum iiii|HiHi*iliU'
lli.il the k'mft sliould mil cohil' ti) the rc-dliitimi ot' ivilli-
ilr.iuiii)! llir ordiii!iii(t'»; ami that niily in virw HhuiilH
Ihi' iltrlaiaticm In' drawn up, it' thry ]>l•rsi^tc•d in the
iimjt'i!! of milking a drclaratinn at all, wliiih, hnwivrr,
Ind nut hW, assinf. As to tlic lontidiinc whirh MCini d
to Ih' riitirluincd in Ihr powrr <it' pnbhc opinion, hr, M.
IVriir, did not shall' it. Aciiistonied to rxpn ss itsih' in
II li'gnl nianmr, that opinion, said hi.', woiihl nrvcr iii;ain
urni ilKi'ir witli hrntr loii-i'; nnd if it vinttiicd to do so,
it wonhl hi' vanipiishi'il, aunihil.iti'd ; n» witnrss the nsnll
ot" Ihr cvrntsot' l-'ijll, IS^M, and Ui'J"; as witnrss all thi'
connpirnrii's whii'h had l»:in attrniptcd and driratui lor
till last tirti'''n yrars. In short, M. TcriiT lhon;xlit that
wisdoiii and patrioliMn prrMril"d tothodcpntics to wait
llie oonrsi' of ivrnis, and rr^nilali' their coiidiint accurd-
inif to thr ri'sidts.
l)nrin<: tlicsr di halos, nnd on the inntinnof Af. di' 1m-
bordi', Ihrc't! of the di'pntips prosrnt had jioni' to the
ineitinj: of thu jonrnalista, which had U'en joined hv n
frreut lunny of the Parisian electors. These deputies,
vir.. .M!\I. lie [.ahori^r, Villeniain, nnd do Selimien, had
timnd I'll Ihos.- worthy eiti/.ens aiiiniatcd by the most ar-
dent patriotism, and more than ever determined to op.
[Woe a vi;iorons resistance to the invasions of power. ,M.
de fiahoide, frcsli from the impressions which lie had
tlierc received, said warmly to his eollcauues, that a
loiiinr limitation on their part would lie fatal to lilierly,
that the \ieinry ot' tlie [n'opli- di'iM'nded upon the eon-
enrrcnee of the ilepnlies with the citizen.i who had Ixeii
the llr^t to devote Ihi inselvcs, and that they ou^jlit im-
ineilialely to repair to the mi'i'liii)r of the journalists.
This opinion was coinliated tiy .\1. I'erier, who repeated
his lurmi r arijuini r.ts a^Minst every ftep tendini; to any
otiicr oliject tiian that of hriiiffiiifj back Charles X. inlii
a billtr cuuifr. Despairini,', however, of prevailing upon
iiis colleafTii-'s to adopt this opinion, he had reeonrse to n
means of hinderanco which he found sueces.>-fiil. lie
ohserved, that llieie would hi< levity and imjiropriity in
coming to u di'terniinalion of that nature without con-
silltinif the other depulies then in Paris; and he eiiijaf.'1'd
to call them toi.'i tlier to a meetintr at his house at a
very early hour the iiunI iiiornin<;. I^^lters of eoiivoca-
tion were accordingly addressed liy .M. Perier to a iimii-
ber of inemliers of the ( hanilier. Itiit, no doubt, sceiiijr
the constantly inereasinif irritation of the |H'ople, ami
the hostile preparations which tliey made diirinjt the
niijlit and in the niorniin;, M. Pi'rier lost no time in in.
liiualiii;^ to the depulies whom lie had convoked, not to
attend his iiivitntioii of the day before.
.Such, diiriiii; tlie day of the •Jlilli of July, wan tliu nt.
titiide of the ilepiities piesent in Paris.
Thu day of the ■-'Till be^jan under no l)elter auspices.
A very small number of deputies ujfuiii assi nihled at M.
do Laborde's, appointed to reassembK.' at M. Pericr's, at
two in the allernoon. This clioiee of their place ot
nipctin({ inspired visible niieasinesH in some of the mem.
hers ; hut the imminency of the daiijrei'K which threatened
the liberties of tlie country, was tliouffht powerful eiiouifh
to restore the tone of .\I. PerierV patriotism, some little
altered for two years pa«l. It was known that the nrdiiur
of that depiiiv's lilnralisin had been sulUned down by
contact with the royal giuiiOiisnr\a; but it « as liojied tlial
the Iriliime of the peo|ili' would revive in him at the eoii-
teinpl.ition of llie dan|ri'rs of his eomitry, nnd that l)e.
inohthencs" cold would not resist the action of a July sun.
Tlii« miM'liiijr was prec 'did by a scene of enrnaife. A
prcnt many youn:; men, attracted into the Kiie .\eiivc ilu
Luxeinhonr^r by the niinonr of the mi etinir "'' the depu-
ties, were theri' hemmed in, and sabred by two detach-
inents of cavalry. Btiiiir ohlijred to acck refu(;e in the
neiiflihouriii); houses, they knocked in vain nt the doors
of .\f. Piiriir's mansion. Caution kept theiii Nliutnfrainst
every one who had not the name of a deputy to send in.
A iiiiiiiIkt of thos*' youii(r p:il riots, severely wounded,
wen; conveyed to the olhce of the milliliter lor Ibreijjii
ntlairs.
.Meanwhile, what wa.s passinj; in the interior of iM.
Pi'rier'n mansion ' The deputies, assuinhled this time
very iiunnrouhly, under the presideiiee of AI. l^alny de
I'limjiicreH, had, from the openinjf of the sitliiijf, l>eeii di-
vided iuto two opposite camps. The one anserteU the
constitutionality of the dissolution ef the Chamber, advo-
cated the inaintcnaiice of the royal power of Charles X.,
urged the iiecsBily of keeping within the hounds of le.
/rality, mill simply Boliciting the recil of the ordinances,
by respeeU'iil rcinoiistiances jrrounded on the manifesla-
tioii of public opinion. 'J'he opposite party maintained
that fill' character of deputy liiid not been destroyed by
the ordinance of dissolution ; that moreover Charles X.,
in violating the Charter by all and each of the ordinances,
had stripped himself of the prerogative of disnolving the
ChniiilM'r at all; and that the deputies rciiiaincdi/«in/iif(o
invested with all the plenitude of the electoral charge ;
that it was absurd to invoke legality in favour of a |Kiwer
Hliicli haii just burst asunder all its ties; nnd that when
the question was, whether Krance should he free or i ii-
slaM'il, miller a representative governnicnt or the tyranny
of an individual, the sati-ty oftlie eonmionweidtli wa» no
longer to Ih' found in any thing but the success of an
open resistance to opprcsNion.
The former of tliese two opinions had for its cli.ampinn
M. Diipin ; the latter was energetically snp|Hirted by .M.
Maugiiin. MAI. de I.aborde, de I'uyraveau, Uerard,
(.alley de Pompieres, Persil, .Millerit, Ilirtin-dc-Vaux,
and ViUemain, tolloweil on the side of M. .Mnugiiin; the
two latter contending, however, that they ought to se.
parale Chnrles X. from his ministers, and not confound
lliein in one coininon reprobation. .MM. Si'hastiaiii and
Caslmir Perier bad ranged themselves mider the banner
of .M. Dnpin. It is, however, but just to say, that .M.
Perier declared liiniself at first only by mute signs, in
which il was easy to discover the |x.'rple.xily which tor.
niented him.
These debates w ere growing warm on either side, vvlicii
an nnforeseen occurrence interrnptcd the discussion, aiid
gave it u new turn. \ deputation t'roni tile electors of
the city of Paris requested to In' iiilroduccd. M. Pe-
rier at once Uliolds the g/«il'f of the ItourlHins nnd the
popular dagger suspeiided over the parliamentary heads.
"Observe in what n |Hisition they are placing us!" ex
claimed be. " If we receive the deputation, it will be
known at the Tnileriis; it will ixrhaps give provocation
there, and who knows what iiicasures may be taken
against lis ! If the deputution is not leceived, \\ii iiieiii-
liers will complain ; they may go and mix among the
|M'oplc, arid in the present cxas|M.'rated state of men's
minds who can answer" • .Messieurs Diipiii and
Sibastiani likewise o; ;w)sed witli all their might, the re-
ccplion of this dcputalion, which, added to the ap|H)iiit
nieiit of a picsiilent, said they, eonverti d a lucre private
meeting into an uctiial ilclibcraliv.' asfembly.
However, the deputation was ilitr iiluecd. It was coin
|K)sed of the iiiosl ri's|H'ctable citi'/cn.i oftlie enpitnl, who
came to declare to the deputies, by the mouths of .Mes.
sieurs .Mdrilhoii and iJonlay de la .Meiirthe, that every
lie which altnched France to the throne of the Itoiirhons
was broken ; that the nation ought not, could not any
longer np|M'al to any thing but insnrreelion ugaiiist an
authorily which had Irampled iiisin every law; nnd that
the people relied u|)Oii the courage and patriotism of
their r-'prcicnLatives. This declaration was succeeded
by an absolute silence; nnd the deputation withdrew into
a neighboiirini; apartment, that the deputies might Ik' letl
In di lilH'rale in full liUrty. In the iiieaii time another
deputation, consisting of ymmg men, nsked to hi' ndniit-
tpil. AI. Perier hastened to tlieiii, nnd conjured tliein
not to persist in a step w liieli he considered as must high-
ly iiiipriideiit; he represented to the young men the lidly
of their cHorts ugainsl the incnsurcs of repression which
the govertiini'iit would assuredly not have I'niled to take ;
and exhorted them to return within the lioiinds of /rgn/-
Wi/, and not seek in the streets n victory which they
n oiild not liiiil. 'I'lie young iiii n, fully resolved no longer
to rely U|S)ii any thing hut the energy oftlie pi'ople, with-
drew ; and M. Perier went back to (lis colleagues.
The deputies hud entered intodeliheriition — they deli-
berated at great length — whether it would not Im' oppor-
tune and prodigiously patriotic to write nii epistle to
Charh'S X., supplicating his majesty to hv so kind us
change his ministry, and revoke the fital ordinances.
This opinion, advanced by .Messieurs lit^rtiii-dc-Viuix,
Dupin, Sehastinni, Perier, and Villemnin, prevailed, with-
out, however, leading to any result. 'I'heiisseinbly sepa-
rated without having done any thing, without having at-
teiiipted any thing tor that lieroie people whose blood
was already llowing in torrents in the streets of Paris.
Hut 1 misluke — they did something — for they agreed to
meet again the iie.vt day, AT NOtJ.V, at Af. Audry de
Puyravenu's, who, on AI. Pericr's refusing to throw o|K'n
his mansion a second time for an nssenibly of the depu-
ties, promptly otVered tlieiii his house, adding, tliat they
should there be under the safeguard of tii<! inople.
The lioslililics Iwtween the |H'ople nnd the royal troops,
hegnii ill the evening of the 27lli, were renewed on the
morning of the 38tli, and then for the tirst time assumed
that character of combiiiation and |K'rtinaeity which he-
spoke n warfare on the issue of which would depend the
life or death of French lilierty. From that moment, also,
r.afuyette hound up liia existence inseparably with the
MUtnry iitilie Three Dayi, liy 1\I. Marut
vicissitudes of that struggle. The country was once
more about to ploee itself in the midst of storms, under
the legis oftlie great citi'^cn, whose laurels, gathered in
Isitli hemispheres, had ever tn'cn those of libirty, courage,
and philosophy. As in the early dnys of the revolution
of ITHIt, ns in every |X'riod of his long career, we shall
tiiiil the authority of his name overcoming despotism,
nnd repressing nnnrehy.
( 11 apt™ III.
I,nrnyetle> arriv.il at I'lirij.— Ili* tiri.1 meiis-Tlie ri>siiitiinre of the
|H-n|iii; bToiiii'* ui'iii rnl~-l''irsi iiti'i nii(! 1*1 ili'iniUi'N Hi ilie Iioiim:
ot' M. Aiiilry lie I'm r.ui'nii— ('unilurl iiiiil kih-i-i tii-« ot" MM
l.iit'.iyil'i', MaiiLMitn, f.alHlti', Clii'rli'ii Diitnn.Si'bHiitiniii, CtiU-iH,
riiyraveaii, eli.^A ilr)iiitiiltiin si in to llii- Duke nt Itailiiiia — M.
I'i'iK r i'r<<|)iisi-H 111 vi'i'ii'i In |iri-M-iii Maniiuiit wiili several niil
hull- — I-'ir^i iiMi'itnij HI itif linimi'Di'^I. Iti^Tiiril~-l)''t.iTitiiii ef itie
I Mi|ili' li\ iiliiinsi Ilie \\ liiile lit' rill' ili>|iu1ii'ii|)ri-M'iil~-l''iiiiniiiironi-
linip— \\'i'nkiii'?<s iiiMr'.i.ieiirH Vllk-iiiniii,»i'bn>iiani, niiil llvniii
lii'A'Hiiv-- A in-kli iiii-i-ihi^ 111 llie lioiiiie nt' .\l. .\iiilry do Piiyrn
\i-aii — Till' iiiiliilii-r nt lilt' pitlri'it itepiitU'ii U iiiiw nslured to
i-iulil— .MbIiI Is'lrt'i 1 11 ihi' -iflli anil DlMli.
Lafayette was absent from Paris when the ordinaners
first made their nppi'arance. 'I'he MoniUiir of the IJBth
reached him al Iin (iraiige on the morning of the 27th.
Mis resolution was taken at once: he took post, and
probably owed it only to the celerity of his journey, that
lie was not arrested on the way ; for it is iinp<issihk' tliat
in such u crisis the cimntcr-rcvalutioiiary government
should not have had ils attention fixed on liiin, whom
they styled the rtiuliilinn man. Bi- that as it might, the
first care of Ijifayette, in the evening of the iiTlh, was
to oiler to the insurgent patriots the support of his nninc
and his |H'.rson. As early as four o'clock in the morning
a deputjition oftlie pupils of the Polytechnic acliool had
assemhled nt his house, and a few hours later this Kwarm
of yiiuiig lierois were lighting nnd dying at the head of
the |ieoph' in every quarter of the capital.
Uesistnnee was making at all [mhits, with various suc-
cess ; .some barricades iMgnii to he raised, nnd blood al-
ready llowi d nbundanlly, when, conforinahly to thfir
agreemi lit ot'tl'.e previous evi iiiiig, the deputies liegnn to
assemble at llie house of AI. Audry de Puyraveau. It
was mid-day ; the sun shone forth in full splendour; the
sound of the tocsin, mingled with the re|)ort of the can-
non, and the eehis-s oftlie innsketry, nnnimnecd that the
|H'ople were nronsed ; the reprcscntntives of France, al
least so it w s Is'licved, were nliout to decide the fate of
their country ; an indeseribahle feeling of dread and of
hiqii' agitated every breast.
All iinmeiise eiowd of citizens, sonu' variously armed,
anil others without anv urnis, choked up the nppronelies
to the house of AI. de f'liyrnvenu, rndeavoHring to eo'lcct
from the countenance oi' each of the deputies as they
pas.seil before them, how much of courage and devotion
for their country possessed each manly iM'art: Lafayette
was greeted with the liveliest ncelainntions ; he was the
lii>|s' of liberty, lie and M. Latntte wctp among the first
who nrrived nt the plnce of meeting. Soon, the depntifs
took their scats, — silence siiceeedcd to individual discus-
sions — they were, at Inst, about to apply themselves to
the preserving of that liberty for which the people had
been iiistiiictively fighting and dying during the last six-
nnd-thirty liour^:.
I shall now retrnee my recollections, nnd relate that
which, with my head K'aiiing on the edge of a window-
frame, my ear alteiitivcly listening, nnd my eye fixed on
that large ground floor apartJiieiit, where are debated
the destinies of a people, or rather the destinies of al)
Fiiro|H', I saw and heard nt that awful nionient; 1 nmat
the bar of my country ; I shall sjR'ak without hatred and
without liMr; I shall relate the whole truth.
Al. .Alangiiin spoke firsl. He is the man to confront
danger ; he is the orator of revolution ; nature lias iiinde
him a tribune of the |M'ople. He traced in broad outlinos
a frighlliil picture oftlie situation of Pnris ; he 8|)ok« of
the wicked nttenipts of the court, the rcsentiiient of the
peoph', their eombnls, their suencsses, their reverses,
their fenr.s, nnd their liii|ies. " Listen," said he, witli en-
tinisiasiii, "listen to the roar of the ciuinon, nnd the
griwiiis of ;lic dying; they reach you even here; it is a
great people (•ll'KCting a revolution which you ought to
direct i it is no longer permitted us tn hesitate ; our place,
gentlemen, is lielweeii the jiopular battalions and the
phalanxes of despotism; beware of losing time; the royal
guard loses none, be assured ; once more, I say, this is a
revolution which calls ni«on ns to net."
At this word — leinluhun — several diimtics rose nnd
threatened to retire iiiimedintely. Il wns an explosion
of all the fears that liail found Ijieir way ta thin assembly.
Alessienrs Charles Dupin, Selinstiani nnd (iuizot distin-
guished lliemselves among the most zealous ndvocatcn ol
legal order. " I protest against every act tliat go«» be-
'n
LAFAYETTE AND LOLI8 PHILIPPE.
jir country was once
niilst ol" Btornm, under
^1' luurrln, giitlicrcd in
Kwc of liberty, coiirngo,
iliiyx iif (he revDliition
lung earner, \vt> iihall
ncrcoming deepotiim,
If.
r|w-Tll<' ri'alsUlll'P of Ihr
f III ili'iuiiii'ii It llie Iioiim:
lirt illlll ii|»rrrtii-i ot' MM-
Iliipiii.Si'liniiliniil, liiilMX,
II ilii' Uukt'ol llnnii»a— M-
MnniiiiMi Willi m'vrnii mil-
1. It*^riird— Pi't'iTildM of itie
lilir*jiri'Wnl— Fniinimroni-
aiti,ni>biip|inni, anil Kunlii
lite iif .M. Aiiilfy dc fiijra
'piiiU'M li now redaced to
>M\l.
is wlien the ordinance*
e Monileiir of llic a6lh
e morning of the 27lh.
ee : he look post, and
rily of Ills journey, thai
for it in iniposHime lliat
lolutioiiary eovernment
in fixed on liiin, whom
Be tliat as it might, the
,ciiing of the 27tli, wan
the sniiportof III!! naim-
r o'clock in the morning
rolylechnic m'liool had
! hoiirK later thin mvarm
nd dying at the head of
c capital.
[mints, with various sue
be raised, and blood al-
1, conformably to their
Hr, the deputies began to
miry de I'uyraveuu. It
til ill full splendour ; the
III the re|)or1 of the eaii-
etry, aiinoiineed that the
■.seiitatives of I'rance, at
out to decide tlie fate of
feeling of dread and of
, somt' variously armed,
loked up the appronehcH
endeavouring to eo'leet
the dc^pnlicH as they
.. courage oiid devotion
manly Ihrnrt : Lufuyette
jlamiitions ; he was the
itte were among the first
iiig. Soon, the depnties
■d to individual discus-
to apply themselves to
ir which the people had
■ing during the last si-x-
•ctions, and relate that
. the I'dge of a window-
iig, and my eye fixed on
■111, where are debated
[her the destinies of all
Avfiil inonHiil ; I am at
ak without liatred and
hole truth.
is the man to confront
lit ion ; nature has made
riieed in broad outlines
of I'aris ; he siwkfi of
the rcsentiiient of the
fccHses, their reverses,
listen," said he,wit)i eii-
if the CHjmon, and the
you even here ; it is a
oil which you ought to
IB to hesitate ; our place,
lar battalions and the
. losing lime; the royal
;c more, I say, this is a
act."
■cral dqiuties rose and
. It was on explosion
ir way to this assembly,
tiani and Guizot distin-
ost realous advocate* ol
very act that goes be-
yond the hounds of legality," exclaimed M. Piipin
" Wliat 1 spiMik you of resistance .'" said M. .Sel>a.>tiaiii,
with heat and preeipitutioii ; " we have only to emisider
how legal order may Iw preserved." " The slightest iiii-
prudenee," added .\I. (iuiiot, "would comproinise the
jusliei: of our cau.se. Our duty is nut, as is asserted, to
take part either with or against tlie |Hiiple, but to In.
como iiiediaturs, I > eheek the |Hipular movemiiit, and
convince the king that his ministers have deeeivi d him."
A voii'e well known to the friends of liberty now made
itsilf heard; it was tliiit of Laliiytle, always eipially
coiiraireous and skilful ill bringing lun-k ipieslions to
their true principles. " I eniili.'s.s," said he siniling, " that
1 find it ditlieult to rei^oneile lenatihi with the Muinlei/r
of the day Isdbre yesterday, niiil with the tiring for the
last two days." 'I'lieii assuming the i^ibn and snUiim
tone suited to the solemnity of the oecasioii, he declared
that a revolution certainly was at hand ; and pioposed
tlie iinuiediite creation of a provisional ir.ivcriiiiieiit; an
idea which was adopted subse()ueiilly, but which us yet
was too decided anil patriotic not to b<' regarded by a
good many of his colleagues as at least pieiiiaturc.
At this inoinent, it Wiis announced that the [leoplo had
carried the llotei.de-Ville aller a teniblc earuage ; but
the coiiHict continued ; the royal troops received rein-
forcements, and it was feared that they might again be
victorious. 'I'liis incident, however, seemed to revive the
drooping courogo of some of the champions of legality.
•M. Ouizot condeiniiiiig tlie reBpcclful letter pro|)oscd to
be written to his m.-ijesty, Charles X., was willing to in.
cur the risk of a protest of which he read the outline,
and in which fidelity to the king was still prol'essed.
This protest was adopted, notwithstaiidiiig the conragc.
ous observation of AI. Liitfilte, who declared it to be in-
sulticient and lielow the rightful claims of a people who
had already |s)ured out so much of it.s blood.
HI. I'erier proposed to send a deputation to the Duke
of liagus.i, to obtain from him a truce, during which the
deputies iiii!;lit carry their eumjihiiiiinas to the loot of
the throne ;' but l.aluyette deniaiided that the deputation
should continc itself to ordering .Mariiiont, in the name
of the law, and u|ioii his |iersoiial re3|iiinsiliility, to put
an end to the firing. However, this deputation was ap-
jiointed ; it was eoin|iosed of -M.M. IVrier, l.allitle, .Man-
guin, I.ohau, and tierard. Iiatayette, visibly indignant
at all these delays, whilst the bloixl of so many citizens
was streaming around him, declared to his colleagues
that his name was already placed, by the confidence of
the people and with his coiiseiit,at the head of the insur-
rection; that he ardently wished his determination should
obtain their approbation; but that liap{H'ii what niiiiht,
he considered himself as pledged in honour to establish
on the following day his head quarters at Cnris.
Thus ended this first sittinir, its whole result, ii pro-
clamation without energy, without mcaniii<r, and which
was to b<' published— ()N TIIK MOUROW. It was
two o'clock ; they adjouriii:d to four ut !\l. Uurard'a.
.Vt four o'clock the deputies re-asseinhled at M. Bo-
rard's. Here my historical task brcomcs mure painful.
I have to retrace scenes which it would probably be bel-
ter to obliterate from our parliauientary annals, but that
they must be preserved for the instruction of posterity.
-My [Mil shall do its duty. In the short interval of time
between the first and second assembling of the deputies
on the day of the OHtli, afl'.iirs h id taken another turn.
Tlie patriots had been Is.atcn at several points ; the lio-
tcl-dc-Ville, already twice taken and retaken, had re.
maiiied, at last, in the power of the royal troops, with
whom some brave citizens were again contesting it, but
the eombataiits began to feel discouraged ; their energy,
I'or want of pro|H'r direction, was liecoming exhausted ;
aiuicty was at its highest isjiiil, and the defeat of the
|iio|)le gener.-illy considered as inevitable. Slioll I di'-
I I 111 il ! Scarcely one half of the deputies who had been
present ut the meeting in the morning, attended ut that
in the atlernooii. The deputation sent to the Uuke of
It.ijrusa now re|siiled to the assembly the insolent reply
of that cut-throul, who riK|uired the subinissiun of tlie
people as a preliminary to any negnti.ition. This an-
swer excited the iniligiiatioii ol those deputies who were
faitlilul to their country ; but it froze with fear the greater
inimlH.'r of those gentlemen who, in the midst of the inis-
liirtiines of France, thought only how to escape individu-
ally the eonscipiences of the ordinance which declared
I'aris in a state of siege. At this inuinent wan brought
ill the proclamation agreed upon in tlio morniug, and
• My ininnrilnlllyieniiirestlial I shoulrt nild heri'.thnlM. P^rii'r
liml nlrBady pniiswi'dl" fonftilenoe.loolTi'r several iiilllionsin Mar-
mnm, lo draw film over In tha caiiM of ihe pcnpir ; hn nirn urged
lliai M. Iioltllte, wlio had had ixicunUry tranaaodoua with Uic Duke
of Raguea, ahouki uadcriake this negotiation.
which several of tlic journalists had printed afier divest-
ing it of the servile expressions in which feur had elotlied
it. And here I have fresh weaknesses to record : this
protest, so teeble, so unmeaning, was rejected, IhroiiL'h
the eonslerimtion which had seized i||hjii .M.M. Villcmain,
Si'bastiani, and Bcrtin-de-Vaux not one of these geiitle-
ineii now dared to entertain it ; they withdrew, notwith-
standing the earnest entreaties of seviral of their col-
lea;;iie.s, who implored them not to abandon their eoiin-
Iry on the brink of a precipice. At that mnmeiit, l.a-
layette deelared, as he had alroady done in the iiioriiinir,
his firm rcsululion to throw his life and fortune into the
movement : anil to establish his head ipiurtcr.s, at day-
break, at the llotcl-dc-Ville, or at some other jioiiit in
[M>ssessiim of tliij pi'oplc.
The patriots hud now succeeded in regaining posse-i--
sion of the llotel-de-Villc; the Swiss and the giiords had
retreated over the iHslies which strewed the I'lace-de-
tircve, the quays, and the bridges. The iiuiiilicr of the
deputies axscmblcd was reduced to ten, when this happy
intelligence was brought llicin. it revived some nearly
extinguished patriotism; and even i\I. tniizot priqiosed
to ulfix to the proclamation the names of all the deputies,
whether obsent or present, whose opinions were known
to lie lilierol. This gave rise to fresh protestations on the
|>art of -M. Selustiaiii, who had again inude his appcar-
Hiiee; and this dilatory measure might again have liecii
rejected or post|ioiieil, but for -AI. Iiuilitle, who, with that
truly civic disinterestedness uiid courage for which be is
distinguished, cut the i|uestioii short, by saying, " I>et us
adopt this pro|M)sal, geiitlcincii : if we arc vanquished,
they will charjre us with fulscliooil, and prove that we
were only eight in number ; if wc conquer, lie assured
they will lie enmlous to acknowledge the signatures."
'I'lie ileclurution was adopted, and subscribed, on pre-
suinptiuii of patriotism, with si-vty-llirec parliamenlary
names, out of the feur iinndred and thirty which enm-
pose the (-'liamber of Deputies. The name of .M. Dupiii
was inserted at first ; but it was erased on .M. Mauguin's
observing, that it would only he exposing thcniselves to
certain nnil disagreeable remonstrances.
.Another meeting was appointed I'or eight o'chiek in
the evening, at the house of M. Audry de I'uyravcni.
This iiiecting reproduced all the proofs of courage and
all the symploms of weakness that had marked tliosc
which preceded it. A contest, which will never be ef-
fieed I'roiii my recollection, was waged between M.M.
Lafayette, De Laborde, Lafiitte, .Maiiguin, and Audry de
I'liyruveau, on one side ; and Alcssieurs .Sebastiaiii and
.Mecliin on tlie other. The former demanded that, cut-
ting short so many shumefiil tergiversations, the depu-
ties now at I'aris, clotlicd in their parliamentary cos-
tume, and mounting tlie tricolourcd cockade, shmild
place tliemselves boldly at the head of the |ieople ; the
latter ventured again to speak of legal order, of media-
tion, and of concessions to bo obtained from Charles X.
I'liis was more than the citizen soul of Lafayette could
bear: he ii.se, and demanded of his colleagues, what
post they assigned liiiii in the name of the country ; for
that he was ready to occupy it on the instant. The se-
cedcrs had departed ; and the patriot deputiss, now re-
duced to five only, hut resolved to raise again gloriously
the tricolourcd Hag, separated, alter appointing to meet
again at five tlic next morning, at M. LalKttc's : it was
then i)iidnight.
What a night was this between the 'i>i\i\ and t2t)th of
July I Not im eye was closed in the great city ; all
were stirring ; all arming or working nt the barricades :
and as yet the deep silence which reigned in Paris was
interrupted only by the dull noise of tlio tearing up of
the pavement, the sighs of the wounded whom some
trieiiilly arm wos reconvcying to the paternal roof, the
'/Ml rile ? of the citizen soldier, or that long " tentinellr,
prenez fi^riie d vout ."' which one hundred thousand
men, on foot for liberty, passc:d from one to tlie otiii'r
every quarter of ui hour. No, the people never ap|)ear-
d under so noble uii aspect.
Iiofayette devoted this solemn night to the inspection
of the Iwrricadcs, which the instinct and foresight of the
people had established at all the threatened points; and
bi?t'ore each of tliese hastily-raised fortifications, he could
not help exclaiming in admiration of a combination of
military dispositions which would have done honour lo
the sagacity of Vaubim. " Who is it, then," rcpt^ated
ho with transport, — " who is it that has taught tlicm
the art of war in one day, in one night?" Between the
hours of one and two in the morning, an old man, walk-
ing with diiiiculty, presented himseli', supported by two
or three persons, before the barricade which closed up
the Rue Cadet, on the side of that of the Faubourg
Montmartre. Here pissed a scene, of which I borrow
the picturtsiiiie recital Iroin a jniiriial (La Triliuiie,
wliieli has related it wjlh udmirulile truth. '■ Halt,"
cries the sentinel; " ci>r|M)ral, eiiiiie and ri coiiiiiiitre."
(The eorjMiral was a workiiii^ ;iiaii.j " \ nu must iTiiiie
to the post, you li'tlows there; and you shall tell us
what ki'i ps \ou nbriiud m> late." Tlie };ioup walk to-
ward the |H)st. There eai II of t.'ie uiikiiiiwn undergoes
an I .^laiiiinatioii. l*'irst, a iii.iii, well strii'kiii in years,
of veriirnble euunteiianee, and (i.tr wliik-e pa-iiu'c it had
been iieeessary t" m ike briaelies in two er three of the
b.'irrieade... ; then, three other persons, who apjK'areil to
111! iiiidtT his orders, as uides-de-eamp. .Ml this npjH'ur-
111 very suspicious to the ei.inni-iinlaiil wlm sharply iii-
lenogated the old mail. The l.itter replied In him:
" Captain, you -see me mined lo the very snui at the
spectacle whieli you make me uilness; einbraee iiie,
and know that I am mic of your old comrades:" The
eommandant hesitated. "It is tiiiierul Laluvctte !"
-said some one. lOvery one tliw int.. his arms; but the
commuiidanl, rcsuiiiiiiir all his •jra'-ity : " <" nllmnen."
said he, ** tuarmsy* — and imincdiu'-ely all fi.ll into line,
and the (ieiierul reviewed the |iost, as in the most regu-
lar uriiiy."
CIIAI'TKU IV.
C'oniti.ils if) llii' iiio'iiiiii; of III.. ■-Mlh--.\»pii'l >if l'.iil.*— Itir'i.i^ni.
Iirntiily, anil liiinianiiy of Itii* imlriols- -l..if^ivt iii-lii inini-d in hy
Ihi* riiyal irimus — MisMliii? al St- l.alhlIi-'(.--Vif!iiry il'-clnr. n rnr
llie |H>i:plr — 'I'tie di-pulies whom Itlls ml. Iiigfiii-i r.iiucrts in llte
laiisi* of l|ln-r;y — Apiiearaiite uf .M. I.ii'itii-'i, iii.insiou — .•^01111:
intiTllllI deUllls — l.nlayi'ttr ri'imlr-i lollie Ilolt-I di -\' tk— I'lclme
of ihis new head-quiirii'is— InsiHiiiiiiiiii 01 the .Mutilripul Coni-
ltii:*sii>n — Its lirsl liiiadun-s — ljafjyeilL'< prurlainaiioii 10 tliu
ainiy-
Tlie combat had rceommenced nt daylireak. La-
layette, III returning to his resideiiee, throii_'h the Kuu
de Surciie, was liloeked in lliere I'or a i\w niliiutes by
the royalM corps whii h oieiqiled the churi h of Lii .Un-
(Itldiiie, and ki.'pl up a constant fire upon all that pre-
sented themselves. The general, liowc\er, e.iiitrived to
escape this dinger; and availing himself shortly atler
of a retrograde inoveiiuiil efl'eeted by one of the eiieniv's
posts, he matle all s]ieed tn -M. L.itiUte's, whither he v.-as
aeeoiiipaiiied liy his ^.'raiiilsini .Iiili-- de l.astrrie, M. .Au-
dry lie I'liyraveau, Colonel Carlionil, and Ci.ptain (now
Colonel) I'oque. The eaiinon and musketry were ronr-
iiio in all the streets contiguous to that throiigh which
Lal'ayettc was passing on t'ool. Il was an alfeeling eir-
cmnstance lo si e the peuple reeogiilsing w itli Iraii-spnrt
the veteran of liberty, hut sauiig only in u loxv v.. ice.
Vile Ijiifuijctlft tor liar of |H>iiitiiig him out In the .sol-
diers of Charles X., aiiti hastening too[H'ii the shop doors,
ill order that the barricades might not obstruct his pas-
sage. Thiisthriiugh many dan;;irs, and abundant proofs
of the popular solicitude t'or his sat'ety, the general ar-
rived at -M. Lallitte's, whither also repaired u numlicr of
his colleagues, and various deputations of brave citizens
who eanie to take liiin and conduct him to the llotel-de-
Ville, recently carried and definitively occupied by the
patriots.
1 ha\e said tint at daybreak the iienple and the royal
troops hud, on either side, recommciiced liostiiities with
great fury. In order to imdcrslaiid uhal is now coing
to take place at M. Lalllltc's, and the new posture in
which wc shall find the gentlemen of the Chamber pul-
ling tliemselves, il is requisite to call to mind the turn
which the military o|ieratloiis had taken in tlie course
of that decisive morning, and even bct'orctlie d-ssembllng
of the thirty-five or I'orty deputies which met al the
mansion of their worthy colleague .AI. Latlilte, at elrven
o'clock.
A greut number of partial conflicts had been resumed
with Uie dawn ; and, w ith the exception of the Ilotel-dc.
Ville, the approaches of the Placc-de-Grevc, and the
Boulevards St. Denis and St. Martin, I'rom all which ths
enemy had been repulsed the day before, the Jtruggle
continued during tlie day of the ■J.?th. There, around
the bariicndes, in tin' streets, in the houses, under the
|)orlicoes of the cliurches, every where, were niotiisely
repeated that mnllitudenfactsof heroism, inagr urimity,
and contempt of death, which had already so distin-
guished the preceding days. There we find barrieados
rising, as if by enchantment, behind the soldiers occu-
pied in attacking the barricade which intercepts their
progress ; there wc see women hurling from the win-
dows paving stones, furniture, burning brands, in con-
tempt of the halls which strike them Iwaide their infants'
eradlcR ; children waving the tricolourcd flag amid tlic
volleys of grape-shot, and rushing amongst t!ie enemy's
squadrons to poniard the horse of the cuirassier whom
they cinnot reach : I have teen them go glidinp under
the horses, and find out the lower extremity of the cui-
LAFAVETTE AXD LOIIS nilUPP/;
ru!i of unc of the enemy, niid tliiu kill ono of tl'.o*>c
soldiers cored in Btecl, tho weight of whom alone was
Bufficicntto criipli them : I have seen others hooU tlicm-
ielves on the stirrup of a ccnd'arnie, and pet thcinFflvis
backed in that position, while endeavouring to dibcharge
a pocket pistol at his breast.*
And how many instanros of genoro=ity and hnrenni-
ty were seen among Iheso mirai Ics of heroism ! Wlio
can ever forget tho conduct of those oxeellent females
belonging to the lower clas^e?, who either in their
houses, or at the corners of tho streets, and exjio'ed lo
the gra|)c shot, hastened lo bind np tho wounds of tho
workman strnrk by a royal bullet, and the soMier wlm
had mulilutcd a brother or that friend I And llien,
when tbrtimc had <leelari'd in favour of llie pei'['li',
what an alVeolinp' «iirhl to hehuld the iininber of il«e:l.
ing houses, rhnrclies, and Ih.Mlres, wliioh the piety ol
the eiliiens had Iriiii-tlriiifd ii.io hospitals I Here you
would see the niiMistaeheH, woniule,! Svviss lying be-
tween two beds ill which were young patriots who
treated him as a friend, and to whom tlie suryeous af-
forded tho same assi>luneo.
However, alter a Ivw hours' deadly s^trlfo, every pro-
hnble chance of victory was on the side of the people.
Already several balta'^ons of the line lii^d separalii;
from the royal army ; the guard and the Swiss alone
fought with spirit ; hut sii.cessively driven from the
situations they occupied the previous day, in the ceritie
of the capital, they retreated towards the Louvre aiul
the 'I'liilerirs. On the other hand, the patriuts findiiif;
themselves abandoned by the deputies, whose courage
they had so often, hut so vamly. endk.ivnurid to ejccile.
CAiiia lo the bold dclerininatiun, on Widne^ihiy even-
ing, of prodjiining a provisiuiiiil govertimint, which, hy
their own rrivu'e niithoity. was eompo-vd i I' .M>l.
Lafayette, (lerard, and (hoiMiil. Some creiluhMis e;ii.
lena having presented theinselve* nl He Hotel. di'-Ville,
lo hold a co'iimunieation with lliia firtiiwiis |)ower. the
■Fnlinels repulsed them with tlioe wnrds; Konnf must
pins ; Ihf priiri imial ijnrrrnmeiil are in cnirrifnrt. 'i'\\\>
goveriiineiil, wliieli. In reality, oidy e^i^led in the ima-
gination of a low patriots, produced iijon the pulilie
mind >he most henelieial cfiiel. Wiioiu ciinipaiii''s ol
tho natioual guiid made tlnir appriirainc, in iini cuio.
with arms and dru lis at their lieud; llin people, einhold-
med by these rallying signs, and now beioL' eoiiviiiced
that lliey were no huincr abandoned to themselves,
rushed with confidence upon the forces of di'spolism ;
the popular attack assumed regularity on all sides,
numerous cohinins formed and marched lo attack the
enemy, under tho command of the students of the
Polytechnic school, generals of twenty, us a riiizeii
pn«t has rppropriatolv ternn'd them; in short the I'a-
ri&ians rushed on lo the combat as lo a certain victory;
the event was no longer doulitl'ul.
Such WHS tho situation of atfairs on the 9.1th, at elo
ven o'clock in the mnrning. At thai hour the ineeiinip
appointed at ,M. Lallitte's look plice; and it may he
easily conceived that il was more iiuiiierously attcpded
than those of the preceding days. 'I'lio rellcclions of the
night ^lad operated wonders on llie minds of many ;
such or such a deputy, who the preceding d.iy wiis u
determined Ifgatiilr. now returmd with li'eliogs ot in-
dignation, and pierced lo the quick by the horrible oli-
sliiiacy which the nourbons nianilestid in spiling the
blood of their niilijirls: the act was atrocious I 'I'lius sue
cesslvely reappeared .M .\I. Sehastinni, 11' rtinde.Viiux.
f»«rird, Diipin the elder, (JniTol, and many other ol
the champions of tlie rrprrlfiil compluiiiiir^n (dulrnnrrii
rf'pfrlueiiiet,) the fcvoeiition of oiuinanres, uml legali-
ty Qt any cost.
From daybreak, or rathor from the commencement o!
the night, .M, Lall'itte'i linlcl hud Is-eomo Ihu rallying
point of the patriot ', the centre at wliii h all Iho Contra-
(iictoiy and c<mliised intelligonie of tho events passinn
in ditl'ercnt purls of I'aiis aitived, and whence tho few
' It was a bnv of slilern, arnii-d Willi n ilniitilc lurrrllrrl hum
and • pair uf |jl>iiiU, iliai tirji upuni J iliu (.no of llin Lirnvrt' I"
ills laojile.
AaillHr bey of the jsme spe. a piiiill of Ihs Orphan H.isnitil
ninwsl Pierre riisr n I'wItlVir, w«» ihe lirnt in iciil ■, in •pile oi
Ui« flraofihe rny.il lusrils anil ihe Hmim, sniiilier of IIk irmi
fsiasof ibg Lnuwo.
.Nii.v h in «niiiliBr yoiim man, o' sijihiefn, named Charti-
Boiit|fnli, • t™ kiinllh of R.s ml, In ilic it>p ir'neni of itia .\i
4cnni'«, rlimlxsl upon Ihe enlohiindK, Btinel Hiih |iiHiola wIiIumii
kiadlnii (for lilspewd'r was sxpeiididl lo plsm ihin' ilic iriMil.Mii
ed flai;. Ftvcfwii* pursui'il hliu, ind wouiidisl liiin wiili Hun
bnyoni'ls, hut did nnl nuci red In klillnu hmi
Th« liiM ot ttie nival tnnipa uiiilil mur lie rtsriiy mlninteit,
Tlial 01 Ihe pairliiia sini>iiiiii.d m iili'nii »i« itinnaanii Mif ivlinm
fVom s iliuiuond lu Iwtltu liuiiiliud wvr« killvJ, awl Um it>'
waundcd.
measures taken were communicated in different direc-
tions. It was a surprising sight to l>eliold those magnili-
cicnt apaitinents titled with riches, those tables covered
with pl.ite, Iho chest containing millions, a crowd con-
tinually renewed of strangers, workmen, soldiers, rich
and poor, moving about in the midst of all this, day and
night, and at a moment when society appeared in a state
of dissolution ; yet not a crown piece, nor a tea s|>oou,
was carried away by men who could have done so with
pcrll'Ct impunity. Even without a coat or shoes, worn
out with taligue, trembling with anger, tho soldiers ol
lil)orty asked for cartridges, for orders, lor cominai.dcrs,
und soinelimes tor a morsel of bread ; but Ihey saw
neither the gold nor the other precious olijects .'scatter-
ed on a'l fide , scemiii'; to tempt their heroic poverty,
dnco .T:;ain, the pi'ople, Ihe true people, those of lie
barricades, never ap|H'ared to such iidvanla^'c.
It w;is nlso at .\l. Lafliltc's thai the patriots of the
departnieiils nearest lo the ca|iital hud proceeded, lo
a.'-k instructions, which Iho honourable deputy issued in
this at r.dgtd lijrm: L'r^^r to iiisitrrtctwn, and^ ij' lued /-e,
rorrif tii the aii.\irlamr of I'arts. Such were, lor instance,
those reieivcd by the mayor of Kouen, who, on the
tiist intelligence ot' liie uioiiiuiues, had Come to olfer to
the capital the aid of the patriotic cily o\er wliicli be
presided, 'i'hif ui .ve cilij.en i in men lately set otV, ac-
compiiiiied by l! ■• honorable .M. Cutel, to truuncr/iun-
i«e the city of Hoiieii, the inhabitants of which had
nianilcsii'd. on this occasion, so prompt, so noble, and so
dctcimiiied a spirit. 'I'liu derpalchcs intcrcepUd by the
patriots, llie demands for sule-coiiducts and pass|sjrls
made by the lbrei(;n ambassudors, were also addressed
to .M. Liilliite, lo wliose holl^e some prisoners bclcingin^
to Itie royal insjps li.id been hmuiiht. Uf this luimljer.
nong oliiers, were tlirie sl.ilf ollicer , .\I.A1. Uou.\, de
-■seraii, and another, who, grate. ul lor the bospu.iiity
which bad been granted thciii, and tor tiio care wliicn
had been laUen to spare tluir lues, ai;kiiowlcdf;ed lo
their ho.st tiial at the veiy iiiomeiil they had tlilleo into
the hands ol the raiisians, liio siulf were deliberating
uponwiial iiiLisures should he taken to send two luiii-
ilrcd soliiiers, in ibe disguise of working nicn,li)!.eue up-
on .M. Lillitte. and bung iiim to the lool ol llie column
of the 1 luce Veiidomc, wneie he was to ue instanlly shot.
.\fler remaining lorty-eight hours in liio dwelling ol
the man liny had condemned lo death, these expeditions
judges were pnsciilcd with apparel, by means of which
they were enabled to leave his inan:>iuii and mix un-
observed among the crowd.
It was in the midst of this tumult that the meeting
of ibe ijtthtook place, at w hich Ihirty-eiglit or forty
depu'i 'S were prcsi nl. .M. Lallitle piesideil, and having
explained ItiC si ujtion of Ihe insurrectuinary movo-
ineiits, insi-ted iiikiii the necessity ot jjuiug them a
proper diicition; he then requested Si. .Mauguiii to
express his opinion. 'I'lie lutler spoke Willi llie same
patriotism, the same energy wiiico he had shown on tin
preceding days, and eonclnded witii saying, that as tin
deputies had remained behind the piople, they must
now at leasl endi aveur lo overtake them by organising
without delay a proiiMouul governnient. A great
iiumlier of citizins enntiiiually arriving Irom tlio llutel-
de-Villo, pressed lor this ni'.'asure, which was necessa-
ry lo prevent Ibe wi.eel of liirlunc Iruiii nyain turning;
hut lliere slill were liiiiid peraoiis who hesitated. At
longlli Lnlavclle arrived, and having oll'end lo nceepi
the command of all the military lurees, llin question
was set nl test. 1 must also slate, that (ieneial tierard
innneili.itelv declared, lh.it from this moincnt, he should
be happy lo serve under the orders of Lifayelte; il
was agreed llinl Iho diieetion of the ui tivu opcriUions
should be imniedialely eoiilided to him.
Lifayelte leipiostvd that a ciiil commission, com|iOB-
ed of deputies, should he Ibrinid, blithe deehiiod Ihe
honour of naming llieiii liiiiiself His colloagiies then
ap|Hiinled M.M. .Maiigiiin, Laihlle. (W .Sboiien, Audry
dc I'uvraveau, Loban, and CaHii.iir I'urier, as Munici.
pal Coinniissiuncrs, entruitod with the direction of gen-
eral atl'iirs.
'I'liB Louvre and th« Tuileries had just been carried,
after an obstinate resistance im Ihi' pail of the guard
and the Swis«, and prodigies of vahiur oil tho side ol
iho (leoplo. 'I'bis jieople, slill the same, walked as con-
querors, through Ibe palace uf kings, and Ibero, li bI
.M. Lallitte's, ut the llolel-do-Villu, ai at 8ainl Cloud,
in every place, il was a Spait in army in lliu puhiue
of Xerxes. A« Iho price of llieir victory Ihii [s'ople
only wished to place a cnipse upon Ihe Ibroiie ol
Charles X.; not Ihe •iimlleC urticlo w^s abstruclcd
fium this splendid linbilntion. At anolher point,
I th* Afth and Arty-third re|,'tin»nti uf Ihe line, prt-
vailed upon by the entreaties of one of M. Laflitle's bro.
ihcrs, who had the boldness to throw himself into the
midst of the soldiers, had just detached themselves
from iho royal troops and returned to their barracks, on
condition of keepinir their arms, and that Ihey should
not be compelled to fight airainst their comrades.
'I'he combat no longer continued except against the
guard and tho Swiss, who were retreating in every di.
reclion, when this mcctinj: of the 2!)lh terminated ; it
was then that Laliiyetle, honoured with the confidence
of the people and the approbation of his eolleaguea,
[proceeded to the Holcl-de-Vihe. This inarch, half tri-
umphal, half warlike, presented a superb s|icclaclc.
Imagine an iinineiise crowd of citizens armed, or vi'ith-
onl arms, messing to their breasts the veteran of lihor.
ly ; Ihe ininplcd shouts of / tiif /« niilion ! Vitt Lafcy.
c!tf ! Ihe noise of numerous partial coinhals which were
still Inking place at the barricades, in the streets, in tho
houses; hear the acclainatinns of a people abandoned
for three days to their own direction, and now seeing a
L'encralissimo who reminds I hem of fifty years of com-
bats in favour ol' libeity ; five hundred liioiisand men,
women, and children lining the streets, leaning from Ihe
windows, standing u|k)11 the roofs, waving their hand-
kerchiefs, and making the capital resound with shouts
of happiness and lio|X! ; iniauine all this, and you will
have hut a liiint idea of t'lc (sipular excitement which
greeted Iho passage of Lufhyd'o.
When the proression, slowly advancing in Ihe midst
of lhe.se dcn^e crowds, had .nrriveil in the Kiie aiix Kers,
a shoHcr of Iriioloiircd nl hems entirely covered tho
parly that surrounded Lafayette. The general imnic.
dia'i'ly mounted the tliren cnlours, and all those who
lould obtain n p.orlion of ihe paliiut c gift followed bis
example. ,\i the (ucve, the people piesenied some
wniiniled persons to Ljlayelte. and be pressed them to
his bosom. Having, at length, ai rived at the Hotel-de-
Ville, where ho was re eivid by (icneral Dubonrg, who
bad taken |H)ssession, and by Colonel Ziiniiicr, who had
.ilrcady organised a sl:il)', his hi si tare was to hoist the
triciiliiureil Hag upon the lower of ihat ancient edifice,
ind the foMowing proclamation was plai arded upon the
walls of the cajiilal; —
" .My dear t'cllow-eilizcns and brave comrades,
"The I'imfidcr.ce of the p,oplc of I'aris c:ills me once
more to the command of the public tiiree. With joy and
dcvotcdncss I have neccpUd the power that has been en-
trusted to mc, and now, as in IISI, I feci myself strong
in the a|iprobiificiii of my lionnur.ible colleagues, now
as.semhb'd iu I'uris. I shall in:,ke no profession of faith ;
my opinii ns are known. The conduct ol the P;.risinn
popuKiliun, during Ihisc la?l days of trial, renders me
ninre than ever proud of being at its head.
" Liberty shall triumph, or we will perish logelher.
" Vtit tu tibilli ! I lir liipatnr!
" LvFAYnTE."
Layfayelte was now within the walls of tlial same
Hotcl-de-Ville, wliire, forty years bel'urc, aiiotli<r genera-
liiiii bail placed him al the head of the revolution ol i789
."<onie one wisbini; lo show him the way ; "I know all
iiboiil the place," he said, with a smile, and continued to
ascend the great staircase. \Vliat a pidure these new
lii'ii.l-quarters of liU'rty presented I What mighty recol-
li'< lions were iiitcrininglcd with others yet more grand!
Those imiiicnse hills, filb d with crowds of citizens, of
ivcry eliiss, of every age; those cnmbatants, intoxicated
by victory, iiitere.sling by their womids; tliost' hangings
eoNcred willi llcmde-lis, coolly lorn lo pii'ccs ; the bust
of Louis XVIII. thrown ii|Hin the (li,rr ; Ihat of Charles
X. dashed lo aloms; those eiti/.en soldiers arriving from
nil sideslo iinnomice Ihe defralof the ciieuiies of lilM'rIy,
the carrying of the Louvre, the Tuileries, and llic bar-
racks of ll.il'yioii, bringing th" colours and dragging
iiloiig the cannon which liny had I'orcibly taken Irom
Hie soldiers of ( h irles X.; orders dielaled in haste, and
dispatched in ivery direction, to pursue and lianiss the
royalists in their n treat; those guards with iiakiHl
arms; military posts forming al every point; Ihe Pliieo
de (ircve covered with ammmiilion waggons nnd broken
arms; Ihe whole rdlylechnie school in bnltle array;
e|s( where pious hamis alnndy digging the grave of
till heroes of lilnrly ; in short, this eoin|iound of a
popular tiimiill and a real li.ittlc against ex|>erieneed
trimps and generals, resolving itself into a mullitude of
atl.ieks of posts and partial successes; all this, rendered
vivid and aniiiialed hy the consciousness of a great tri-
mnpli, iiresented a spocturic worthy the [ten of a Tacitus
or n ^Salhlsl.
The eoiinnission arrived at the ITotelde-Ville, and
oecnpicd tliemsrhes nlsnit Ihe most pressing wants of
the service, while (ienctals Utrard tiid Pijol were in-
spec
dcci
suci
lun
altac
give
Thu
ngui
fight
conti
and
cone
Ol
a pre
respe
natio
Tl
the Ci
Thc(
till
i
LAF.WETTE AND LOUIS KIIILIPPE.
t)ne ot" M. Laffitto'ii bro.
tlirnvv liimscit' into the
5l dotnclied theinselvea
cd lo Ihcir harracka, on
, ntid tlint they should
it llipir comrndoa.
lucd exrcpt uj;ainiit the
' rplroaliiijj in every di.
Ilic 2!lth trrminatod ; it
red with the confidence
itinn of his rollengueg,
This march, half tri-
ed a superb fiicctacle.
^ilizens armed, or with.
?ls th" vplenin of lihor.
Ill niiliou ! Vine Lnfay.
iiil ronibala which wore
.'I'l, ill the streets, in the
ol* II peii|ile abandoned
clion, :i!\d now seeing a
n of lifiy years of coin-
hundred Ihoimand men,
treels, leaning from the
oli", waving their hund-
ital resound with shnuta
R nil this, and you will
lular excitement which
0.
advancing in the middt
eel in the Kne aiis Kers,
s entirely covered the
•. The pencial imnie-
ir^, and all tlinre who
lint c gift followed hin
[ieo|>le |ii'cseiiled some
and lie prcr,hed I hem to
ai rived ai Ihc llolel-de-
(ieiioral Duboiirg, who
(lo.icl Ziiniiicr, who had
st tare was to hoist the
r iif ihat ancient cdlliee,
was plai arded upon the
id bravo comradci,
of I'iiris ckIIh nie once
lie force. With joy and
power that has been cn-
Wl, I (ee\ iny«lf strong
ur.iblc enlleapues, now
e no proliL'SKion of fiiitli i
■oiiduct of the Parisian
of trial, renders me
its head.
will perish togrlhcr.
ill pair If ;
" I.\FAVF,TTE."
le walls of llial same
b( lore, anoth(r gencra-
Ihe rtvoliilinn ol ;78tf
le way ; " 1 know all
mile, and continued lo
it a picture these new
What mighty recol-
Ihers yet iiinrc grand!
crowds of citizens, of
inili.itnnts, intoxicated
iinilsi tlioM^ hiingingn
ni lo piiccB ; the bunt
lloi r ; Ihat of Charlei
^n|llic'rs arriving from
111!' eiieinies of liberty,
riiilerii's, and the bar.
colours and dragginfjr
d fori'ilily taken Iron)
lictiilcd in linsle, and
iiirsiii' and harass the
guards with nuked
iTv point ; the Place
1 wnp;;on« and broken
liool ill battle orrny ;
ligging the grsve of
this coinjiound of a
■ ogainst ex|)erirneed
'If into » multitude of
scs : all this, rendered
u.iness of a grcil tri-
ly (he iH'iiof A Taeilui
Itotel-de-Ville, and
m\ pressin|[ wants of
1 and Tajol were in-
specting the different \id\n\a of delince, as a general and
decisive attack from the enemy was still expected. And
such, indeed, was the intention of the court, whose co-
lumns began to move, and they only abandoned this new
attack on observing the measures taken by the people to
give them a warm reception. In the niyht between
Thursday and Friday, the bivouacs of the pcojile were
again disturbed by the apiiearance of some troops ; but
lighting had ceased ill Paris; and hostilities were only
continued, and that but faiiilly, in the Hois de Boulogne
and on the lino of retreat of the royal troops, wliicli were
coiieentr.iting at Suint-Cloud.
One of the first eaics of liufayctto was then to address
a proclamation to the army, in order to Iranqiiiilise il
respecting the feelings entertained towards it by the
nation.
Thus ended the active operations williiii the circuit of
the capital. I now return to the liotcl-dc-Ville.
CIIAPTKIl V.
The Or eanist iiiir;y— >l. l.iiiiU! u ,\\ in litail— Mis eTurts ilurinj;
111 r. I!. II ji'Mis 111 plati; ihi' liukr ui' I'rlfai.s f,n iljc il.t' nr— lie
iiC(r;'l coiNiiiiin til u'lis with .Nt'Uily, mi ilirniL'lii nl Tm-xlai
Bill! on 111- Inll'iu 11111 iliij>— Tin; I -ilic nf (> ,- n^ |in>sfs ilu-
iilulii in u suiniiM r Iidiim' in liib juirk V, avuitl biiie; niMrtlt r.'il—
i^rrlvnl ol iliutnvoyB oi'i.linrira .\. ni ihr lliiti;l-ili-V(l!i.' mill a
l.atrKle'H irtvlni;— 111 wliai iii:iiiiii-r lliuy nri' rrceivnt— Tlic
Triiliiv nieotllltfai .M. I.iitrmifg— I'rii-riire olwunn (MHTi— Tin-
ilepailps asM'iiilili' ai Uif I'n in^-H-iiirlnai—'rii-y iiiviie ilie Diikr
.f Orlrallfi tit iK'nilne l.tt'ill('li:iM ;■ lli'tal— Hi' llnp- lldl lKte|il
.hpir nli'er unUlHl'ur jnvaluy i MMiaiug I'rniCL' 'I'a.leyiaud—
Alipcilitli'
The only real government was at the Ilotel-dc-Ville,
the oiilv lever which could work, the only authority that
possessed the confidence of the people, Ihc only one Ihat
could settle society, shaken to its very found, lion. The
eonibut was over, and it was imw only necessary to con-
solidate the victory : were the victors robbed of its fruits ?
My readers will decide : 1 ilo not diteniiinc ; I relate
events. But, in order to understand suhseipieiit occur-
rences, it is inilisjiensablc to return for u inoiiKiit to the
preceding days.
On the first appearance of the ordiiiaucei!, some persons
devoted for many years lo the intiresls of the House o!'
Orleans, had coneeiveil the project of oviTtiiriiiiig the
elder brniich by means of the younger, iiiid nil their ac-
tions during the tlitee days' struggle tciided lo llial re-
suit. This teriiiination was more pirtieularly Ihe ruling
view of .M. Ijallille. Tlie Duke of ( Irl aiis was al N'euillv,
between the court, wliii h eoniiniltril anerrur i.i not suin-
moniiig him lo S.iiiil ('Imiil, and Paris, lo Ihe insurree-
tiiMi of wliieh he was a cmnplele slraiiL'er. .\:4 early as
Wediiesd,.y, at eight o'clock in Ihe iiiorniiig, .M. l,alVnie,
who had only arrived a few hours Is'iire, sent fiir the
secretary of the Dniliess of Orleans, AI. Oudarl, desired
liiin lo proceed lo Nmiilly lo inform llie prince of the
ineeliiig of the depiilies wliirli was lo lake place at noon,
in the iiouse of .M. .\udry de I'liyraveaii, and lo suppli-
eate his royal bigness lo be on his guard against Ihe at-
tempts of assassins. This overture, wliieh uiidonhtrdly did
not confine itself to simply prudenlial advice, was made
on the Wednesilc'v morning, at a lime when nothing
had yet Ihtii deeiilid; his liii;lineBS reHecli"il, but gave
only «liglit utterance loliis thoughts. 'I'lie Huke ofOr-
leons, however, was alive lo Ihe tender solii ilude nf .M.
lialfille, and merely through eonileseeiisioiito his banker,
he iml himself lo the ineonveiiience of passing n whole
iiiglit ill a snininer hoiisi. (kiosqiie) in a rilind pari of
his park, and around which vigilant and failhl'iil fri-nils
were watching. On the 'I'hiirsday morning, .M. I^altille
ogaiii sent I\I. Oudarl lo Nenilly ; his adviie was of a
more pressing iialure; he iiiformed the priiici' of wliiil
had liken place at Ihe ineelings of the previoiiH day, ol'
till' exasperation of Ihe people against Ihc i Id, r branch,
of till' ilivelo|)eiiieiil of events, of Ihe nioineiiloUH slate ol
niVairs, and Ihe ni'Crssity that the Duke of ( trleans shonlil
make up bis iniiiil, within Iwenly.four hours, eillur In
wear a crown, or receive n passport. Il is said, lli:it his
royal highness no longer hesitaUd, but explained him-
self this lime in such u manlier as lo eoiiviiice his par-
tisans of his delerininution to make Ihe very ernil sacri-
fice they leipiireil of his palriolism ; in fine, the >lie was
cast, and the Duke of Orleans condemned himself lo pb ci
U|Km his cititen head that crown of thorns to which, as
every one knows, he had never raised his ambition. TInif
.M. i.nHille, who had exchanged several niesHages with
the DnkeofOrleaiia in the course of Wednesday and on
lhi« Thiiraday morning, had alrrndy adroitly iircpared
Ihe imnds of Ihe depnlns niiil some memlsra o| ihe pro
visional government in fmnir of the liiiiteiiiiiev.;jeiieriil
of the Duke nf Orliims, al Ihe lime when Iiatayi'te and
Ihe miinieipal cominianioii enlahlished Iheiiiselves in Ihi
llolrl-dcVille.
While the military chiel's were taking measures to con- !
solidate tlie victory gained by the pcojili alone, and the |
inunicipul cominisnion and the couinussarics ciiurgud
with the diffurcnl departments were reiogiiising He
general service, a small portion of the (.'liambcr of Ul-
putiea, asocnililed at .M. Latlittc's, wnsoecupitd in settling
Ihe new order of things, A depulaliou coiiijK'fcd of .M-M.
d'Argoul, Semonville, and Vitrollcs, had jiresciited ilscil'
t the Holcl-de-Ville, to treat in the name of (.'harks X.
and annouiiee to tile coinmisi^ion the revocation of l!ie
rdiiiiuices and llie appoinliiitiit of a new iiiinicitiy, o.'
which .A1.\I. (asiijiir Perier and C;er,;rd funned a par!.
'I'hesc eiuovb were iiilroduccd to the niunicipal coiinui.s.
ion, and l..atiiyelte was rc(|Uf.sted to be prtatnl. 'I'lii
answer was not delayed: the people had loiijii-l to the
cry of Dijwn Willi tiit liu'Jiiuii^ ! it was now too lati; ;
those liourbons hud ceased to reign. 'I'hio in what MM.
Lafayette, Audry de Puyruvcau, and .'Mau^uiii decl.jcu
in a loriiiul manner to li.e ambassador.s from S^iiit Cloud,
in the presence of .M. Perier, -vho reinaiiud silen!. The
royal commis.'- loners were going to ri-tiie, ulitii M. de
Seinonville, having addressed Iialayc^tle, the latter i.si;i.d
him if the Homisais had adojitid lliilrieolonredcocki:de ;
nd upon his answering that it was v.i\ import, .nt .skp,
the general replied, tliul if ti.ey felt any nlueloiiee tliuy
might dis|]eiise with so doing, as it was now too late i or
that nil was over.
(-•n the following day, M. de Siissy, bt.uing a letter
from .M. d<; .Morlcmart, t'harlrs the 'I'cutli's newly ap-
pointed prime lllini^lcr, tngether with the r, vocation ol
the ordinances, found l,ai'.iyelte surrounded by lii-< olli-
eers and crowd ot eitiziiip. "We may put our>el\i.,-
i|nite at ease," said he to .M. de Sll^.sy, •• I am here with
my Irieiid-s, I'liiin whom 1 have nosterets i" ,;iid opi'iiiiej
the packet, tlio contents of wliieli he read aloud : " \V( II,"
said he lo the people, "what answer shall we give .'"
.No more transaetiona with llicni," was the cry on nil
sides 1 " Vou hear," coiiliiiiied r.alliyelte ; " it is lun
lull" Sliorlly al\cr, a llag a Iruee in Ihe patriot e.uise,
who had bi'i'U sent lo tin; leginiei.ts that dc'eutiid the
nrt, li.id leluriied lo say, that the coiiiniai,,!(.r ol" l!ic
royal troops al tlic bridge of S,.iiil Clouil, eoiiipl, lined
that no explanation had been cnlered into sinei the ie\o-
ealioii of the ordinances, and di'iii iitd, d a c.ite^jiuieal
answer. Ijal'ayi lie instantly .senl him back with a noli
eoueiied in these terms :
' 1 am asked for an explicit answer respecting the
situation of ihe royal family since its last all.iek ii|ii.n
the public liberty, and the victory of the Parisian piupie ;
1 will give it frankly; it is, that all recoueilialioii is
lupossiblc, and that the royal family has ceased lo n.iuii.
" Lii-.whrrt."
Seeing that their proposes had been resoluli ly re-
jected by the men of the Hotel. de.Ville, the eommissinii.
■rs of Charles X. had hoped to meet willi a more favour;;-
hie reception at .M. I.iillilte'a. On the IHh, at ten o'eloel,
in the evening, M. d'.\rgout had presenli d liiinsi If to the
inemlM'rs of the Chaniiier who were assembli'd nt the
house of that deputy, and had declared lo lliein, that lie
ante in the name of the king, Ins master, to niiiinupie
lo llieni the revocation of Ihi' nrdiiianees, and Ihe lorma.
lion of a ininislry composed of persons well known and
aeeeptabk to the country ; lliiil tilings In ing now brnu'jlil
back lo the stale wlienec the \ioliitioii ofllie charter had
liireed them, Cliarles \. did not doubt that the iinlionid
represeiitalion would mediate, in oriler In place tin
people again under his nntliority. 'I'lie answer of .M,
liullillewas as piTcmptoiy as lleit ol' l,;ilayetle at Ihe
llolel-de-Ville had Is'eii ; "War has settled llin atl'iir,"
said he, lo M. d'.Vrgoiit ; "Charles X. is no longer kiii^
of Friinee." M. d'.Vrgout withdrew iillir in vain iiisi.l-
ing upon the gnaranleeH of inviolability villi whirh, in
his opinion, the eoiisliliilloniil null r still environid the
kinc's {H'rsoii. A few iniiinles alter, .M. l''orliin.J.inson,
earn'' lo anniiiinee lliiit his lirolher.inlaw, the Duke de
,Morleinurt, reipiesteil a safe.eondilii in order to appear
Is'l'oie ill" ."leeting of deputies. This di iii.iiid Was com-
plied Willi, and IM, lialfittu alone reiniiiiied charged lo
answer the om rtnres of Iho new presiihnt ofllie eomitil
of Charles the 'I'enth'K ministers; but Al. do .VIortoinurt
did nut make his npiieuranc;.,
•".I'ti, (his moinrnt, Ihu cousc of Iho elder brnneli of
the llourhoiiR was iirelrievably lost, not only by Ihe will
of the |M'oph', but moreover by the delermiiiallon o^lll^
lwo centres of action that had taken possession of nnd
iliiectid the moveininl. The llolel-ile.Ville and l!ie
l.allitte meeting agreed as lo Ihe d< liniti\e expulsion ol
Ihe reigning liunllv, but not so ns regarded Ihe rirm of
goveriiinent lierenrter In Iw adoplril, nor its lo Ihe new
dyiiaalylo ht i luclcd. These vial ipii lions were w.irnily
(kbated at ihe Flotel.iie.Ville, wl.ile, at .M. l„ ll.llc'^, the
de|)ulies were almost unaniiiious fur ehoosing tlie L'ul.o
of Orleans;or rather for pioel; lining th.it choice, aliccdy
prep;:red by tiie cll'orts ai.d occict in,.)iu;uvre.s ofllie iioa-
ourahle hanker.
J!eli,re 1 return to L.iJ'iyetle nnd to Ihc municipal com-
iiiisHoii, 1 innst relate what had lukin place at .M.
J-iallilte's, ill the inlercbt of I.ouis Philip|.c. Already, on
Ihe I'riiiiiy, at a very early hour, .severi.l inlimale iriemls,
such ;,s .'li.'.l. 'J'hieis, La n guy, and .Wi!;i,et,bad rcpaii'd
to his house to comvrt incu^ures to eieuie the success
of this grand intrigue. Il was tlieie, even he ore ll.u
w i.shes of lije cK pnlies had l:een c, insulted, th.it a pre.
I l.iiiatieii was drawn up, callii.g the Duke el Orleans to
the leiuleiii-i.ey.^eiierai; there also the iiiofl |.'roj er
iiean.s were lielerniined upon to induce the inlliii-iiij,.l
■juinals to cuter into lliii cunii.,inntiMi. This lilllo
■ iivuiiUi of a new I ind only leil the Solooiis of M.
Lalliltc, in order to lem/, i'/i,//i a nn cling of patriots i,s.
.hied at tl.i' reslLUruleur, Loinlier's, ai d in which
Ihc {;ciieral o|Ji:ieii that |,icv.iiKd was, tli;,t i-s li.e peo-
I le uloiie hud coiiiiueri-d, the people ought lo be con-
ullid fust of all.
.Mjout k;i o'clock, ainiosi all the deputies present in
'.iris a->einlib d.d M. Lallil'.e's; some peers iilso repaired
thilher; uiuoiii,' them was li.e Duke de lin ;;lie, who
poke lit great h nflli iiprn the exciled li i liiijis of Iho
people, and the dangers of a republic. Tlie.se danger.",
lull iilioiiiilly e.Miguerateil by M. Diipin, prndeeed general
iiixiity, of wliieii .\1. Lalhlle aKili'nlly took a<ivaiit,igi,',
ill oidi r lo propose the eleetion of the Diike of Orleans,
IS liie only ine;iiis of stilling uiiccrliinln s, iind eiri st-
ing the torrent. 'I'his opinii,!! (xpres,-id lor ihe first
liiiic ill a'l (i/Miii/ iiiuiiner, prnilmcd some astonishmei.t,
nd ii;oi V illi oppo-iiion; but M. l);ipin siippoitcd il wiiii
o iiiiieli eloipii nee and energy, tiiat from thi.i moment
il became evident that the nie-jsure v\l,iih h-id the up-
pearance of being ini rely dclihi rated upon, was ncthii.g
leistli;;!! a plan ;ilrt;iily sill!eil In tween the prime ::;.;! a
|i;irty al tin; head of u'hieli .M. LatliUe hid pl;i,:id him.
self .Nevcrllieli .S-, inui li indei.isii.n »li|| prevailed, nnd
the dii.ciissinii was leceiiiiiig more aiiiinalid, whin lliu
ilexterous champion of the house of I )ile;.ns obscrvi d, in
a .sol, inn manner, ill, t the proper ph.ee ll>r the deputies
i'y\' IVaiier, 11 eoiislituli;;g the govi nimeiil of a ertal em-
pire, was the I'l.l.iis-lloiirbon, anil not the eal.init of a
piiva'e iiiili\ii!iial. 'I'his advice prevailed ; it was si Ilk d
tlial ill two linurs they should nicil in lluir ordinnry
phiee of silling, iind the Orleiiiiisl,- took advantage of this
iiilerViil lo reUt ubie tin ir etl'orls and billies.
llowiM r on the opening ol' this iiii inoralle sitting,
noil inns appe.ircd more divnli d t!i; ii cm r ; tvery system,
\iilli llie cxei plinii of a ri pill lie, liimid pjr'isnns ; they
spoki , by turns, o 'tie Dukeoi'Orleaii.^, the Dnkede lioi-
ii<';iii\, II e Du'vi' of AnL'oiilemc, and even of Charli.« X.,
\\\i\ inereiiii'l,- as il may si, in, slill had an evident in;;-
ii.rity ill his fiVniir. It w;is ut this deei-ive mi.niei.L
tlial y\, Sebasliaiii was heard loe.velaini, speaking of lliD
trill, Iniind ll.ig that had bien lioi,led at thu Ilotel-de.
N'ille; 'ilil (lull/ uiUiaiinl jUig al Ihm liiiir in I'lV le/iitc
llii'j I It was al.o upon tlii.i occasion tliut M. de Siis-y,
iin-iiecesslnl at the llolel-de-\ il!i', came lo pieseiil In
llie Chainber the rnvoeiilion ofllie oidinaneis nnd the
lorniali'in of a new ininislry, insisting, but to no pur-
pose, as it may lie supposed, upon M. L,illille's delivering
lilt se appoiiitini Ills to llio-e fur whoinlhey W( r, iiilendi d.
I'he priniipi.l ohji el of this niieting was to p;iss tl e
ileel.irntioii which was lo call the Dukr of Orliiuis to ll:n
III iileniiiiey-i;i iieral of the kiligdoin. \ eoniinilUe hud
hull appointed In prisiiil a npoil lo the Chiiniber U|inn
this iiiiporl,,iil measure, and Ihey hud riided to their
iiimibi r SI M rill inemliers of Ihe Chiiiiiher of I'eers,
;iniolig whom wi.s tl;e Duke de Itroglie. A wiTiU ills.
I Ksioii iinise in this eoiniiiitlee, eoinposed of deputiii
I piers, IIS til the prineiph' upon which Ihe throne was
lo be die|,rid vueaiil ; Ihe |H'its and some deputies In-
-isti d upon the ah,<iilnte lien stilv of taking as an cxelu-
'-iie la is Ihc nbdiei lion ofChuriei X., and Ihe reiullii.iu-
linn of the Duke d'.Vnjoulemc.
Violeiil ug.lalion picvaiied ^^ilhoul as well as with-
in the Clmiiihir. Now niaehiimlions, dirkly prrparina',
ivere rumoniod about. In order lo make Iho Chimber
posljiono iu docifion : it was asserted thai an iinporlant
peraonagii, recently raised by Charles X. lo tbf presi.
ilemv of the eouiieil of miliislers, had been met upon
Ihe road lo HainI Clotnl ; nml iiidend ilils reisirl iiail
linen eoiillrmed al Ihn llulel ile-Ville, by dillbreiil pi-
iiiuU, mion whii-o ill im-iiioiis a w irrani was issi ed
igaiiisl M, Cassiinlr Pf'oiii, W halevei iiinv be Ihe
iMilh of Ibis circiimslnnrK, BHieral nnpii»ine»« prevail.
I'd, when Ihf I'roMrtriil ofllie Chainbt r, M, I.«t1ilte, in-
8
LAFAYETTE AND LOUIS PHILIPPE.
funned of what was takiiiif place in the Commission,
and yieldinjj to the public impatience, sent a secretary
to invite Iheni to repair ininicdiatcly lo the meeting,
inforiniu!; them that it" thoy deferred any lonifer, the
depuiies would commence llie deliberations witliont
thciM. This bold and skilful measure put an end to
the importunities of the legitimalislH, and to the uncer
tainly of the apprehensive. The proclamation was de-
termined upon, exactly as il ap|)oarcd in the Moniteur
of the followinfj day.
.\I. de Morlninart, with whom an appointment had
been made to repiir to the CImmbcr, did not come.
The parliamentary mind was, however, so much dispos.
pd to Ciirliftn, that it may \te inferred, had this diplo-
jiiiiti'-t bren present, he ciiidd slill have drawn a majo-
rity into a determination that would have destroyed for
■vcr the Chamber or the revolution. The addres..;,
however, of the deputies, calling; the Duke of Orleans
to the lieutenancy-general of th • kingdom, was signed,
and the victory remained to that prince.
A deputation was apiminted lo present this ine»s«jro
10 the Duke of Orleans. ' It repaired to the Palais-Roy.
a 1 about ei(,'ht o'clock in the evening: the priuco was
still at Neuilly. The deputation wrote to him, inform-
ing him of the mission with which they were entrust,
ed, and comnnmiiatini; to him the decision which the
deputies had just come to. His royal highness imme-
diately proceeded on fool lo Paris, where ho arrived at
eleven o'cloi^k, accompanied by Colonel Herthoix, now
aide-de-camp to his majesty. At eight o'clock the fol-
lowing mornin?, Ihe de utatlon were informed that the
prince was ready to receive them. At nine they were
adniitled into his presence. They were M.M. (Fallot,
Berard, Sebnstiani, lianjamiii Delessert, Duchalfau, and
.Mnlhien Dnmas.
I mnst call the attention of my readers to all the cir-
'Uinslaoces of this interview, because they are of unde-
nnible aulhcnticily, and of a nature to throw a strong
light upon snbseipieni events.
.M. I'erard addressed him, and developed, at full
h'n^lh, Ihe motives of jenernl interest as concerned tlie
natimi, and of private interest with regard lo the prince,
whn h, according to Ihe orator, made it imjiorative on
tim Duke of Orleans lo accept the reins of government,
under the piovisional title of [.icutcnant-general of the
Kingdom.
M. Sebasliani maintained a difTeront opinion, and
liking f!ir his argument Ihc rcsiKtct due lo legitimacy
llin precarious slate of attiiirs, and the possible event ol
Ihe return of the royal familv, he asserted that the
Dnko of Orleans ought to decline, without hcsilalion,
the offer that was made him. M. Benjamin Delessert
I'dopling the opinion of .M. Biirard, wlioae argmncnts he
1 nforccd by enlroaties, conjured the prince to save
Kranck! from the anarchy and civil war with which she
was threatened, and his own family from the imminoni
ruin which his refusal would not fail to produce.
Never had M. Delessert spoken with so much convic
lion and persuasion.
Ilrsitaling. and evidently overpowered by feai and
hy hope, Ihe Duke of Orleans s|)oko, at gr;'at length, of
his fumily connections with I'harles X. Ho wound up
his spoecli by saying, that ho could come lo no deter
miniiliun nnlil he hud consulted a person who was not
at hand; and his roval highness went into his cabinet,
where .M. Dnpin already was, and whither iM. .Hebai-
tiani was soon sninmoned. Who was this personage
by whoso treat wisdom the dnslinies of Krancc were to
bo swayed > It was .M. de Tulleyrnnd.
.\ceordingly, AI. Seliiiitinni re|>aircd secretly lo the
ex-graiul. chamberlain of Charles .\., become, as is here
sicn, the sovereiiin arl'ilcr of llio .luly revolution.
There also he l(>und a brave admiral, of whoso royal
1st sentiments there was no doubt, but whose hoarl, ne.
vortholess, bled at the suflbrlngs of his country. .M
Siibastinni presented the declaration of the deputies lo
.M. da Talleyrand, who answered, "It is well; it must
*i3 accepted;" and Iho Duke of Orleans accepted ae.
cordingly. These facts, I ropeal II, are here given
tvi'.h rigorou.i exactness.
Now, l«l these early private understandmgs be conn
dored in conjunction with the motives which afterwards
dclermineii M. Laffitlu to resign; and a key, will, per-
liaps, l» toiiiiil lo many llimgs imr which llierc has hi
Iherto liuiig an ini|>eiielr»blc mystery.* At ill events,
after an interval of three quarters of an Innir, the Duke
• It Is writ liieiwn lint ili'' ili'iirniliiliiu rnu«i' nf M l.iilUni V
r i*IKIiall"n, wail. IIih illliritvrrv whirti l|.* Ilisite. Iliat nnnii' nl till
dipinmtlli ili'>iiaicliea wcrii nlitilii'lil lYoiii tlin u>i|iil«iiiire ul llir
riiunrll of mlnlstrrs, at wlilcli li« nn* pr. uileiil.
of Orleans, attended by Messionra Sebasliani and
Dupin, returned to the deputation, and declared lliat he
accepted llic lieulonancy-gencral.
( HAPTER VI.
Repuiinancc of Ilic Iloinl ileVillo to ihe noininatlnn of Ihc Ouke of
Orlrana lo tlic liculiMinncvfneral— l.afsyi'lte's advice iip'>a
this Hcciuinn— His wiah ihai ilio primaiy asKinlilii-s sIotiiUI I"'
cnnvvni'il— His reascins for iini prinlniiiiinii a tipuhlic— I'nr rr-
ji'ctM.n Hi'nrj V. wlih a ncciicy, wlilcli wan oIIitoiI him— For
riiji'ciinn .N'niHiloon II.— UorrMpondence betweea Joseph Jlonn-
pane and l.afayelie.
And now what was taking placo at the Hotel-dc-
Ville ? There, the men who had just made the revolu-
tion, and particularly the young men, who still had
arrus in their hands, lonilly demanded a repiiblic, with
Lafayette for its president. Numerous bodios of pa
Iriols pressed him lo seize upon power before the in-
trigue, which they saw at work, should have laid hold
u|>on il. But, although touched with gratitude, Laliiy-
elte riovcrlhcless persisted in his adherence lo Ihoso
principles of disinterestedness which had lioon the rule
of his [lolitical life ; he ro|ielled in an alTectionato but
determined nianher the solicitatious which met him on
all sides. I even remember that amidst the throngs
which successively surrounded him, and the contradic-
tory offers that were made him, some men, less republi-
can than the worthy general, came and said to him,
"Well, if wo must"havo a king, why not you?" "1
will answer you," returned Iialiiyetle, " in ihe words
of the .Marshal de .Saxe, when it was proposed to him
to become a member of the French academy —' That
would sit as well upon me as a ring upon a cat's
paw.' "
Lafayette's explicit wish, that which he had repeat-
edly expressed, was tor the ap|mintmenl of a provisional
government m.til the primary assemblies should havr
liecn convened, agreeably lo the form indicated by the
Constitncnt Assembly, ano the nation should have ile-
clared its will as to the form of government it consider-
ed suitable for il, and as to the dynasty lo he Ibundcd
—ill the event, be il well understood, that that will
should 1)0 pronounced in favour of the monirchical sys.
lem. But such was not the opinion of the deputies;
and it must hero be homo in mind thai they represent-
ed eighty thousand of tho most res|KXtable class of citi-
zens in tho country, and that the llxod principles of La-
fayette im|)osed the obligalioii H|)on him to bow with
deference lielbre this national reproscnlation, however
incomplete and vicious it might otherwise appear in his
eyes; rioither ought the electoral events which had pro-
ceded by a few days only tho revolution of July, lo be
overlooked.
The press, the patriotic societies, all the liberals in
short, had united and diroctcd their efforts towards one
solo end, the reelection of the two hundred and twenty-
one who had voted the address. Tho liilc of Franco
seemed to depend on this result; and lo attain il, these
prinripU-men had in some sort been deified, without,
however, overrating lh« intrinsic civism of a gmat
many of Ihoin: it was an urgent nececsily of tho time;
but this iioceasity had acquired Ibr the ro.cleeled an un-
limitod confidence, tho t'eeling of which (wwerfiilly
swayed the public mind nt the moment tho ordinances
ap|irari'd. 'I'lie whole of Franco was then in a manner
under the s|)ell of the enlhnaiasni oxi;ited hy Ihe elec-
tion proceeciings. Now, the two hundred and tweiily-
oiio, Iheuisolvcs the objects of that entliusiasm, which
was still at its height, would have neithfu Iho provi-
.liunal govirnincnl nor tho priinilivo assemblies called
for by the wishes of Lafayetle.
What was lo be duiio ' was he lo disavow the author-
ity, at hast the moral authority, of the ChaniN'r, and
come lo a rupture with it? Unt, in iho general (Iis|h)-
siliun of mill's minds, would not this have ex|>osed him
lo uuarrol with the greater iinmber of the depart meiits,
anil to SCI' perhaps Ihe revolution limited to Paris'
Kcjod to-day, as unworthy, those vary men who but
yesterday had been borne triumphantly on the shield of
hbcrty as hnr firmest supporters I In Bctmf{ thus, who
would not have dreaded to ap|iear as insullmg the na-
tional underslandiiig, as •aparating the cause of llic
provinces from that of Iho capital, and ii« provoking a
civil war which might then have suiothorod the revolu-
tion in its cradle '
These paramount ccmsidoralioiis the pBtriots li»> fre-
ipiently lose sight of, when, pulging from after events,
and wilhoiil reiMirring to original circumstancos, lliey
blame liaOiyetle for having remained faithful lo his |m.
litical creed, in nol forcibly ovorconiing lh« resistance
of a Chamber in which, in ttie ahaencv of all oilier na-
tional representation, he beheld the chosen of the people.
A minister of Charles X. had asked for a monarchieal
.5tll of September. Well llun I to have trampled on tlic
will of the ChambiT of IX'putics, in llic crisis into
which llin country had l«-en so uncx[)eclcdly plunged,
would have been considered by France as a republican
aolli of July. And who, at the tinie, would not have
shrunk from the possible consequences of n national re-
action .' Doubtless, the people had been robbed of Ihe
fruits of their victory hy intrigue; but that intrigue was
clothed in the senatorial gown, and il was not for Ihe
sword of Lafayette to attack it in the very sanctuary of
the national representation.
Bt'sidcs, it is true, that, considering the licuanan-
cy.general of the Diike of Orleans as merely a I'orin of
government essentially provisional, this choice was more
satisfactory t« Lafayette than any oilier. Indeed, when
interrogated as early as the Friday morning, by the
friends of his royal higlmiss, he had told them thai,
without know ing much of that prince, he esteemed his
|K"rsonal character, and the simplicity of his manners;
Uiat he had witnessed his ardent patriotism in his youth;
that he had fought under none but the tri-colourcd flag ;
and that these considerations sufficed to induce him to
offer no opposition lo his being enln.stcd with the lieu-
tenancy-general.
Independently of this arrangement, there were three
other alternatives; a republic ; Henry V. witli a regency ;
and Naimkmn II. or a regency in his name. These
three systems had each its parlizans, and here it is pro-
|)er lo reply with iMUidour lo the reproaches with which
they have all assailed LaliiyeUc.
It is certain, and Louis Philip|s: himself then acknow-
ledged it, that the republic, whicli engrosses all the afi'ec-
lions of Lafayette, was esscniiiilly the licst form of go-
vernment to be adopted. Hut, in the circumstances of
the coimlry, was it possible to ovcrlmik ihe force of the
painful impression which Ihe word republic had left in
France, and the drcail which that name still inspired in
the contemporaries of llir riigii ol terror, and in the sons
of the niiiiierous victims who Imd |H'rislied under it?
Frightful rceollcctioiis Issct every mind. They saw,
doubtless without cause, but, they thought they s.-iw ol-
ready a rcvivtil of tho.sc ri'volnlioiiary tribunals, in which
counsel were llirbiddrn to defiiid, and in which a jury,
silt'-slyled republican, composed of Ihiiiy, fi>rly, and tlien
of sixty, judicial murdcrirs, made the gnillolini' stream
with blood, amidst itIcs of Vire lu f.ihtrle ! and scut in-
discriminately In the scallold all tlint was conspieiious
for merit, for lalnils, tor serviers pcrl'ormid, or i ven for
iM-anty ; for beauty itself was thru a title lo proscriptiim.
'V\,c republican niarriagisof Nantes wire not forgotten;''
tlie horrors of tiunine, bankruptcy, the maximum, the
mutual dcuuncialioiis, Ihe cimlisealions, and those fright-
ful days, when turrorisiiT, in a stale of madnes.s, 'lad es-
tiihlislicd it as a prim iple of government, that the tree of
liberty ought to be walend with blood, and that moniy
iiinst Im' coinid on the I'hirr ile la Itiiuliilinti. These
reniiniseencea of an I'lKieh too near our own limcK, terri-
fied many minds, wiiich relleclcd nol that almost all
there horrors wen committed by the eounlcr-revolution-
isis, and at 'he instigation of torcigners, to (lollulc tlic
sacred names of liberty, equality, and republic. It was
remcmlsTsd, too, that even under the Republic, when
brought back to Is Iter principles by Ihe eonslilution of
Ihe year III., and likewise iniili'r the Directory, Fraiiee
had slill groaned under many acts of violence, dilapida-
tions, and corruptions; and that. In short, Ihe country
had Imiu reduced lo consider Ihe transaction ol the IHlh
Drunmire as the only means of prevcnlinir the return ol
jacobin terrorism. Such, it must Is- confessed with pain,
were the events which, giving rise lo a prejudice as riih-
eiilous as it was unjust, and to a lamentable conromuling
of the Kepubhe with the excesses to which II had served
as a pretext, had h'ft in men's brciisls ii ilccidi d aversion
for thai deiioniination of government. Il was uscIcm lo
urge Ihi'l if, ill aneii'ul times, and more recently in
France, in Venice, and in (Jcnoa, tlic term republic hod
denoterl ideas of terror, and even of slavi'ry, il was quite
otherwise when applied to llie American slalis, where,
on Ihe eontrnry, it expresses principles, anil eslabliihes
t'aels, iliiimelrically op|Hisite lo llintu- so much reprolsitcd.
But the prejudice was not the less prevalent; and it is
undeniable, that with the exei plion of a very tew old re
piililicans, and of a great many young men, whn, Ihoiigh
enamouri'd of that I'orm of government, had not yet |s r
hH|)s very setllid notions as to the dcnioeratie urrange-
• 'I'lils wn» Ihi' lirni tUm l.i llie ■! nwiiiiii' iif Nniiic., whli li
ninpl.lwl In hiliilliiii ihki-IIii r n iiinii suit n wiminii, snil Itirn liri'-
i-lpliailiii ihem iiitii ihi) waves, by lueaiia uf a vesMl wlih a valve
In iu hiiiinm.
I,A1.VYETTE AND U>riS PIIILIl'l'E.
n chosen of the pvoplc.
kcd for a iiionarcliicti)
D linvf tramplod oil Uiu
ioB, in till' rrisis into
unexpectedly pUinged,
'raiicc an a republican
time, would not have
lences of a iintional re.
ad been robln^d of the
; but that intrigue was
niid it was not for the
1 the very sanctuary of
uderinff the licutenan-
is as merely a form of
I, this choice was more
f otlier. Indeed, when
■iday ninrninB, by the
e had told tliein that,
wince, he esteemed his
ilicity of his manners ;
patriotism in his youth;
It the tri-colourcd Hag ;
Reed to induce him to
■ntn.Kted with the lieu-
neiit, there were three
nry V. witli a regency ;
ill his name. These
alls, and here it is pro-
reproaches with which
K' himself then acknow-
I engrosses all the afl'ec-
ly the Ix'st form of go-
II the eireumstances of
erliiok the force of the
rd republic had lel\ in
I name still inspired in
I tirrnr, and in tlie sons
lad iH'riFhed under it ?
iry mind. 'I'hey saw,
y lliuught they saw al-
lary tribunals, in which
I, and in which a jury,
[f lliirly, forty, and then
:le the guillotine siri'nm
[.iherlt .' and sent iii-
thiit was eniispieuous
[KTlnrmed, or i ven for
lille to prnseriptioM.
wire not Ibrgolten;*
the maximiiiii, the
oils, and those fri^rhl.
of mndlii'ss, 'mil es-
menl, IImI the Iriv of
iDil, and that money
lluoliiHiiii, 'I'hesii
)tir own liniev, terri-
iiiil thai almost all
■ eoiinlerrevolution-
igiirrs, to imllutc tlic
nil n public. Il wa»
the Republic, when
liy the constitution of
the Directory, f'rancc
f violence, dilupidn-
II short, the eonnlry
ransaction ol the IHlh
venting the return ot
'onfesseil with |>nin,
to n prejudice as ridi-
mentnblc eonriiinuling
o which il had served
sts a decided aversion
nl. 1 1 was iiselcsi lo
nd more recently m
le term repubhc hod
slavery, Il was quite
lerican stales, where,
ipliis, and eslablishes
so much reprolsiled.
prevalent; and it Is
of u Mry lew old re
iig men, who, tliongh
lenl, had not yrt |m r
deinuumtic arriuige-
d
I'liiMv* itf Nntiie*. wblf'h
n wniimii. nnil Ihrll (m-.
Ill' ■ vriarl wiih I volTS
Hieiits that would suit them— it is, I say, undeniable,
that with few exceptions bi'yond lliese, llic proclaiming
»)f a ri.'public would have given rise to almost universal
■■arm and op|)ositioii in France^. And again, would tlie
nriny have been us favourably disposed for a repubhc, as
for a prince raised lo the throne by the voice of llie
<'h«mbi-r of Deputies? 1 think not.
Next came to Is- considered Henry V., with n regency.
Placed as 1 was, forlimatcly, about Lafayette's person,
knd honoured with his contidencc in these trying mo.
Bicnts, I can affirm that to llie last instant, and even
while Ibe deputies were deliberaling on the lieuti'iiancy-
•fcncral, pro|K>8als were made him on that subject; and
that the regtmcy was re|H:atedly offered to him. Hut il
was evident the Carlist party, both clergy ami nobility,
iouglit in this arrangement n truce only, as r medium
through which to return again lo another state of tliiiigs.
Ilesidi-s, Ihe principle of legitimacy would have ill ae-
corded with republican institutions: tlic answer of F.u-
faveltc was as it ought to be.
'And tinally, there was a third allcrnative, which con.
iistcil in calling lo the throne Napoleon II., or consti-
tilling a regency in the name of that young Austrian
prince.
On this subject I cannot better unlold the motives that
(wnyed Lafavette, than by producing the letter which he
wrote to the" (bunt rie Hiirvilliers, Josi'ph Itonapartc, in
knswcr lo an overture which that prince made him on
tt;lialf ol'his nephew. I ask pardon of llic noble general
ifcr having availed myself of my situation about his (M-r-
Ion, to copv Ihcfc im|)ortant documents; which, how.
^ver, I should have abstained from publishing, if the
letter to which his was in reply had not been inserted in
kn American jimrnal, by the special cure of Trinci! Joseph
fcimself At all evcnlsi I offer these paiwrs to the par.
lisuns of the Nuiiolcon li nasty, as llie apology for the
4ondiiet observid by I.al'iyette in regard lo lliem, and
ts the expression of ) is individual scniiinenis towards
that im|>erial family, between whom and himself there
ba.s always existed, and slill exists, an inlcrchange of
liindnrsses. Hut how was it to lie cxiH-cted that he, who
£i the course of a long life hud sacrificed his dearest af-
lections lo his political duties, should in this instance
•How private ivinsidcralioiis lo outweigh that which he
Seemed necessary for securing the liberty and happiness
"tef France I [Here follows the correspondence which has
■Iready appeared in almost every newspaper in Ihe
y^'nion.]
CH.M'TKU MI.
LaftilHIc lakt'alwn iin'al liii'ii«iiri»— riie lliitcl-ili ■Viiln ami tlie
"rliiilulior ipf lleputii'K.oii till' •i\ "I .\iiijiisi— halliyi'tle lii«l»l« llial
i'\riviliin|! xhiill n'lnaih In n pniviMiiiial slali'—i Intel nf ihicliiy
-Visit nl llie Ulikeiil llrliMIl' 111 111" Miilrl ,li'.Vlll('--Op|»i«ilicili
111 llie l.k'Uli'liniii) n nil— LaUiyflie's illiiilit to B|.|Kiiiir iIiik
■ )|>)>'>!,iliMii — 'I'liu p<i|iular ihriiiie uii.l itm repiililiritii iiiHiitiiiir.n>
riiailes .\. seeks tereiire liiinl.n Vniilre— 1'.\|« iliilim in Ham
Imiiilli't
: I.afiiyelle wailed until 'he represcntalives of tin! coiin-
Irv should lake that first sti p, in the name of the people,
tiliieh none but they had ii right lo take. His accession
|o |H)wer, however, was marUed by two great imasiires,
vliich France wouhl most cerlaiiily not have obtained
ilher from the government or Ihe legislaUire, had lliey
ii'eii siibniillcd to their decisions. He hasleiied lo pro.
laim, in a solemn manner, and as an absoliile prelimi.
iiry lo any future arraiigemcnl, the doclrine of Hie
iveri igiily of Ihe people, wliieli Na|sileon and Ihe Hour-
Mills linil placed, for Ihirly years, among the iiiimlH'r of
Nililieal eliiineras, and even of wicked iiilenlioiis. He
liiil down as a principle, and carried into effeel, Ihe
iniiiiig of Ihe whole milioii, town anil country, lliem.
■Ives ap|H>inliiig their olUeers; a principle which ilaleil
_oin 17^^11,11111 which Ihe dcspolism of the last thirty.
Ivo yiiirs h.iil iiIho rejected as Ihe most dangerous ntiii-
iiiitiuns, the most incompniilile with |iiililie nriler iiiiil
le mainlen.ince of power. 'I'hi' reeepliiin w'hieli the
jnioimeing of such doctrines had eneimnlered in the
Ihamlier whenever Iiafayette ventured lo profess them,
od made him feci the necessity of eatablisiiing Ihem as
right, and iiiilting Ihem in action before either the
'liniiilM'r, or king, could have an op[Kirliinilv of loinbal.
^g or miNlilyiiig them. And, indeed, who can now
iiiibl, biiil Ihi'M' two capital iiislitiilioiis Ih-cii iiii tliodi-
lllv silhiiiitted lo the king's eoimeil, or to the delils'ra-
"11 III Hie legislature, but tliiil liny would hiiM' Ih'cii
liililiiled ' Ih it not, above all, evident thiit ii /miirl lo
liiii|«)Me the niilioniil guard of nil the eili/elis, and to in-
I'Kl it with Hie right of choosing its own otHcers, would
nve Im'iii, without remorse, llirowii out by pushing lo
i« order of the day / This ii so Iriic, that IiBliiyette
IcM had to oontciid for the prr»rrv«lion of the principle
hich he had put in vigour, and that, upon one occasion,
a short time aller the first days of the revolution, he was
obliged lo eonlradict, liy an order of the day, a publica.
lion of the government which tended lo reduce the arm-
ing of Ihe national guards lo towns containing Uirec
thousand or more inhabitants.
I now return lo what took place on the -Jd of August,
in tho I'hnniber of Deputies anil at the Hotel.de.Ville.
The members present in I'aris had rais»'d the Duke of
Orleans to Ihe licntenancy -general of the kingdom. A
deputalion of the ("liamlier repaired lothe Holel-elc.Villc,
lo iiiforin I.at'ayette of this hirislative ilecision, to which
he elid not liesitale giving his assent, expressing, how
ever, his perliet eonviclion that all that had taken plae'c
must only \v; provisional, and that nothing was yet eU
tinilive but the victory niiil sovereignty of thi; i«'oplc.
This opinion was ilislinelly repi?ated in an nriler of the
day which hi,' puhli.«he'el ein the 'M of August, and
which he said :
" In the glorious crisis in which Parisian energy has
reeoiniuereil our rights, all yet riinains provisional ; iheTC
is iiolliing delinitivi' lint Hie sovereignty of Hieise national
rights and Hie eternal reiiienibrame of the grand week
of the people."
The pro|K)sal of the lieiitenane-y.geniral had been
transmitted to the Duke of Orleans on the' Friday even-
iiig. The priiK. , on his return the sanie day to thi'
I'alais.Royal, lia.'^leni'd to si'iid and I'onipliment Ihe Ho-
tcl.de.Ville and (Jcncral lialaye tie'. On Ibe Saturday
morning he laiised his visit to be aniioiinei d to him.
Meanwhile the iiomination of the' Duke of Orleans had
met with a strong opposition among Hie ceniiliatants of
.luly. No complaints wi're^ made against this )irinei' ;
but his lieing a Hoiirbon was a lircmu.'itanee invincibly
repugnant to tlie^ majority of the liti/.ciis who hail shed
their blood during the llire'c days. This name exeiteil
hateful recollections and a violent irritation, when tin
lieulenant-gcne'ral of the kiiigelom arriveel at the' Hotel
ile.Ville, where he might hear a few shouts of / /r»' Ir
Due il'Orlenns ! drowned by the cries, a tlioiiFaiid limes
re'|H'ate'd, of lire la J.ihcrlt I Vire Lnfinjrllr '. This op.
|s)silion was rcnewe'd yet more strongly the moment Ihe
prince entered the hall of the throne. Young men still
covered with perspiration anil dust, answered the iries
of Virr h Dm iVOrliiins'. iitlere'el by Hie deputies, with
a very significant cry of ( iit Lnfayrlle! i'roelamatinns
wliiili spoke of the priiii'e with eulogy, had been torn
ilown, and the agi'nts who had placardeel tliiin had been
seized auel ill Ire'aleil by the people. The I'liirr of the
Holel-de.Ville was filliel with an imine'iii'e erow el, among
whom a great many were heard lo exclaim : \o more
Hoiirliojis ! Till' reception which Iiatliyelti' was about lo
give the lii'iilenaiit-gencral was impatii'iilly ex|Meled ;
all I've'S were turne'el towards these' Iwei personages
ilepiily, .M. Vii'iinet, read the' ile'ehiratieiii of the Chanibir,
which excited no sensation ; but when liafiiyetle, holding
out his hand lo the Duke of Orli'ans, ililivered to bin
tricoloiireil ling, aiiel eemdni'led him to one of the windows
of till' Hotel-ek'-Ville', the' cnllmsinsiii was reiiiwed, aiiel
shouts less unfreipiinl of ^ ire le Due d'Orlenus! mi
gled with universal erics of I iir hifiii/rllr ' Cireiim-
slaiiees, howiver, were assuming a serious aspei I ; in the
interior of the llotel-de-Ville, anil even under Ihe eyes
of the prince, dise'ontcnt was cxpresseil in iine'i|iiiviie'al
terms; ticiieral DnlMinrg, (sinie violently |wrseciileil by
Hie ministry of l.onis Philippe,) opening a window
anil showing the people lo His lloyal HiulmeKs, evi n
went so tiir as to say; " iMonseigni'iir, yon kimw our
wants iiiiil our rights; should you liirget Ihem, we will
bring llieiii lo your r ille'elinii." In hue, il was In be
liareil that the people would ri'siime their arms anil
again lake posvession of the helel of bailie.
Then did Lafayette' make use ol his iil|.|Hiwi'rf1il au-
thority with the liaili rs of Ihe insurrietion, .ind obliiin
from them a promise llial trani{iiillity slionld not he ills.
tiirbed, engaging on bis part to obtain from Hie new
|Hiwirs Ihe guarantees wliieli Ibe revobilion had the
right lo exact, and wliieli he summeil up in Hie wenis, «
/mi/iii/hi thrnne, nurrnumled with rrpuhliriiu innlilulwun :
llial is lo say, Ibe aeloplion of the fundamental iloi irine
of Hie sovereignty of the |H'opli', the alsilition of the
hereditary iseragi', the alsilition of the pro|K rty ipmlifi-
calioli for liepiiliei, the most extensive applienlinn of the
broadest eli'itoriil prim iple lo tin' munieipiil anil loiii.
iniinal organiHalion, the rc-i<slablishnienl ol Hie nallonal
guard ai riling to Ihe prim iplis of Hie eiinsliliiliiin of
I7!l|, and the siipprcKsion of monopoiies contrary to t
general interests of eomniiree and iiiamifnetiires.
Lafayette, adopting Hiese bases as the expression of
his own opinions, went and prenentid them »l the Palais.
Koyiil, whence he rclurnrd with the Rtniirnnce tlint biirh
was also the settled opiniem of the lieutenant-general.
" You know" he had said lo the Duke of Orleans, " tlial
I am a rcpublicuH, and Ihiit I consider the lomlitulion of
the Vnitid atiiten as lite most perjrrt that lius eeer exist-
ed." — '^ I think as you do," aiLswered the Duke of Or-
leans; " it is impossible to hiivc passed liio i/rars in Ame-
rica itithout biinji of that ojnniun; tint do i/uu think, in
Ihe situation of trance, and uccordinn to s""""^ opinion,
that it is proper for us to ado/il il /" — " Ae," answered
Laliiyctte ; " irhat is at presi nt ntrresary for the French
piuple,is a popular throne surround/ d iiitk ri publican
institutions." — " It is ciactty so that I understand i/,"
replied Uie piincc.
All that was said upon this occasion by Hie prince
and Lalhyette, bre-atlicd the same republican opinions on
Hie part of His lioyal Highness, whose liberal profe-s-
sions even went beyond the hopes of him by whom he
was addressed.
Lafayetle hastineil lo make public Hie engagement
which the lienteiinnt-giiieral had eiili red into with hiiii;
and to use his own expressions, this engngeiiient, which
people Kill appreciate a.^ they phase, Jinallij rollitd mound
us both those who wished not for a fnouorch, and those
who uisbeil for iniy otinr except a llourhon.'
It is ne'cessary, in the history of this revolution, here
to point out one of the great avoeatieins which miisl have
prevented Lafayette from paying a very strict altention
lo the first steps of the new goveriinient and of the
Chamber of Deputies. While, at his head ijiiarters, they
were incessantly oce:iipied in restoring order in the ca-
pital, and organising extensive means eif defenei,' or at-
tack, in the event of a prolongiel resistance, the court
and the' royal army we're' retreating em Versailles ami
Kaiiibouillel, where Charles X. had resohi el lo lukei up u
positicin and ilefeiul himself. From this point the de-
throned king lioped lo raise La Vendee anil the western
ilepnrtnieiils, w ilh w hieli he hael already opeiieel a ceiminu.
nieation. Lafayette, li>ri .seeing this maniiiivre, hastened
lo liiriii a corps of fillnii or twenty thousand volimti ers,
the eiiniMiuiiii of wliieli hi' eiitnnli el lo (ieiii ral Pajol,
iippoinled Colonel .lucijueininot hi .'id nl'the slull', with his
son (ie'ni'ge' Lafayette as his aiile'.eli'.e'amp. This army,
exhiliiling so lientastic an appearanee In its diversity of
eostuuies aiut arms, in tile' number of eiiiinibiises, fiacres,
cabriolets, and veliie le's of e \e ry kinil, whieh were lei con-
vey them lo Ihe field of battle ; but at the same lime si>
inleresting by its arileuir and patriotism ; bi gan its march
to Versailles, alli'r being ri\iewid by Lalliyi He in the
Chanips-Klysei's. The previous ilay, a weak ailviiiiced
glinril, eommanili'd by Colonel PeK|iie', hael Ik en directed
tewards this point, in oreler to follow the i ni iny's move-
Hunts, anil lo claim the erown jewels, wliiih the' reiyal
I'limily bad carried off. This lnls^ielll occahionid the ex-
change' of some flags of tniei', ami it was wliili' acting
in thill lapaiity that Colonel Peie|iii, whose saeiiel chu-
riieler was so shamefully ilisri gareleel by a general iieiw
in iielivc servii e,t was fired at by a Sw iss platoon ; his
horse was killeil and this brave iflieer's font was shat-
tercil. In the night after Ihe ile|iartiire of the patriot
army, Laliiyelle niiivid, at the Hotel. de-Ville, u \isit
from a general iifhcer, w ho, having been at Itnmbouillet
at Hie lime when Charles X. was n \ii wing his lri>i>|'s,
hail availeil himself of the opportimily lo eolliil the most
exact partieiilurs respeitiiig the strength of the' royal
aniiv.
Tliis army slill consisteil of t'eirly pice'es of'eaniion and
twelve tlioiisaiid efrei'li\i' men, iiieliiilinLr ihrie fine en
vahy reginicnts. Laliiyitle was not withiiiit iini'iisine>i>
at till' tliouglit that this artillery and ea\alr\, which he
was informed wen; aiiiiinilid with Hie M ry worst spirit,
might, in the plains of liambonillel, iittaek the patriot
fiiri'i's w illi .iilvantage, the formation of whieh had bi'eli
so s|H>ntaneous and so iiii'oiiiple'le. He iuimidialelv
transmiltiil the iiieotilil.'" he had just ree'eivid lolieiiiral
Pajol, ilireeling him, in the evenl of an altiick, lo repair
lo the wnoils, where Ihe eolnnteers would not liiil to re-
lover Hii'ir Miperiority. Fnrtiiiiiili 1\, Ihe rapid and IhiIiI
movenii'iit of Hie Piiiisiaii iimy bad oierawid the royal
fiiiiiily, and the appii liended eiillishiii did not lake place.
The three commissioners iVoiii the prinisiiiiial govern.
• Il tinilH'cii I'slmlv nMurli il ilinl l.nniyi'lli', rhnwliin llie Huko
irorlinnn In Ihr prnlili', hnil miIiI lifhi.l,! Mr liill „/ nilllUlrr
t.atayi'tie linn e-Xiiliiiiii il IiIn (liniiuiii". le it ri'«<tnri'it llie'w iikc of Ills
r\|<reM<lniis, ill II M'lli'i' ailtlrt'iiFi'il ineii'Mi ral Itrriisrit. w liiili ilieliii
Irr pillillntli'il hi llie Allirrli an jellrliiiJH. Ill' pieiit. ,<|ii'iiklllll III' lllii
iliniiiiit liy ul' July Thiy *.i Hfiiil w liiirr Imn iihli It, miiki' most
llkr II rrjint'tir ; illiil iinl, Itrlmlit tHt f'lut 'ifitimhltt^.
I tnliiit ».tlile III Itllii |il[lii'. Ihiil wlli'li l.tll;i\rlti' nnli'leil llliil Ihel
rli-iii'riil whn liiiil f mini il ilii' fliiii nt' iritri> in be i ri it nl nlmtilil Ih>
irniighl In n roinl iiinrtiiil, i 'niniit'l I'lHiiie- liait iti.' geiH'riislly In liii-
Itlnifi tiirglvsni'Ns lilt tliiR Vniiilnl, riiifl lerii luutel Hint till iiaiiie
■■hniitii lint ho liiai rird in llif nntii ntlliii ilny
^'
10
LAFAYITTE AND LOMS I'lUMPPE.
\(
!■
iiicnt, MAI. Maison, Oililon-narrot,niid Sclionrn, arrived
at Ramliouillet, wlicii it was aj;rcod that the crown
Jewels sliniild be restored, and that the royal family
should withdraw by siiort stajfes towards riierbouifr,
(iillowcd by such troops as eliose to accompany tlicm tn
tlie frontier.
This day presented an a.stonishing spectacle. On one
■idc, a perjured kin^, who, alter tearing to pieces the
fundamental compact, proclaimed ahsnlute power, eauserl
hia fellow countrymen to be Hreil ui>on and butchered dur-
ing three days, ordered the very men in whose |>ower
he now found himself to be arrested and shot, was tra-
versing Fr*uee under the prolidiiin of lliree euinniis-
sioncrs, weariuL' tlie Irieoloured cockade, through a
population still trembUng witli indign.ilion, willioul.
however, any demonstration of resentment, to insult such
well deserved niislorlune. On another side, lilleen or
twenty thousand Parisian volunteers, returning to their
homes, without marking their passage by a single ex-
cess. Again were to be seen the state carriages covered
with gilding, and drawn by eight horses, richly capari-
soned, crowded inside and out with patriots lau^jiing
aloud to find themselves seated U|)on the eusliions oi
royalty, yet even re»i)ecting these remains of chastised
vanity.
Tlic following is the order of the day published by
Lafayette, at the tcnninution of this adventurous ex[ie-
dition ; —
ouoF.n. or the niv of tiif. Firm of Aiiiisr.
" So many prmligies have marked the last week, that
when acts of courage and devotedniss are ri'ipiind, v.c
can henceforwaril bv' astonished at nothing. The general
in chief, however, thinks it his duly to ex;)ress the pulilic
gratitude, and his own, for the jiroiiiptilude and zeal vvilli
which the n:itional guard and the volunli er corps rushed
along the mad to Kamlionillel, to put an end to the la.st
resistance of the cx-myal faniily. He likewise owe-
thanks to the brave men of Romim, Iiunviers, and Klbi iif,
who, coming to fraternise with us, thnui;ht they I'ould
not better fulfil that objcet than by joining the evpedi-
tionary armv umler the orders of tieneral I'ajol and Co-
lonel Jae>|uemiiiot.
" In the midst of the services rendered to the eo\mtry
by the Parisian [Mnpli' anil the young men ol'the schools,
there is no g>M)d citizen who is nut penetrated with ailmi-
ralion, with contidenee, I will eviii say w ith reverence, at
the sight of that glorious iiniiorin of thi' Polyteclmie
school, which in that critical moment made each indivi-
dual so powerl'ul lor the comiuest of lilierty, and the pre-
servation of pulilie order. The general in chief rei|uist-i
the students of the I'olyli ehnie scliool to name one of
their comrades to leinain with him as one of his aides-
dc-cimp.
"Colonel Pofjue, aide-de-camp to the general in chief,
had been sent four days before by the provisional cum-
mission, and by himself, to follow the movinitnt of the
royal troops, and tullil a mission of patri.ilism and gene-
rosilv. It was while waiting thi' nturu of a ll.ig of
truce, that he was fired npim and severely wounded. .\
strict emiuiry will take place respeeling this outrage.
The general in eliief confines himself at this moinenl to
making known the intrepid, able, and generous eondn( I
of Ccdonel Pofjue, and rendering justi(c lo yoiniLf .M.
Dubois, who evinced, upon that oecasion, remarkabh
ability and courage, as well us to the brave brig.idier (d
cuirassiers, Pradier, and some otiiers, who were near the
colonel.
" The brave volunteers who, nniler the orders of their
intrepid chief, Jouberl, aceomplislied so much during
the Ihree grand days, have again distiiiL'ui died tliein-
M'lves under the orders of the same chit t', truly worthy
to command thiin, by their zeal in the expedition lo
Rambonilli't.
"Our btethren in arms from tlie piilriotic town ol
Havre had also man bed to assi>i| ns; Ihi'y yeslerday
entered the capital to fraternise with us.
" I.\K*VKTTK."
CMAPTi:U VIII.
A ffsh irrlisti'in if Mintur'-i''l iti Tails- ili-rhinttof t'le •«r.|i|(,i) ni
IH:in -I,flfuyi'lli'»avef ihii < li iiiilt i — lh» uti.rai tnilu'-nr- !nvi>
iiiiilitNife tn'iliff iii'M )Mtw< r— lie ili'rlitr.'i nitiniiMi ili" IiiikIiiiiv
IMM'in^i — Pnrnriil rn 'ef|HTilita iIh' lleoiid l.'liiiri i ll is it>
leiniiMPil Ihni the xnriiiirv ol'lle- llireur kIiiiII be liaKvl tl|MiM iIm
•iHllrnllim or Clinilca X nml llie li»u|>lilii— rrlvnlu duniMinii
mid nifl'iiiK imrni-iilinrit'n ilmi ixilijiti.
■ hiring the ev|X'dilion to Itainbouilli I a fresh irritation
WHS inanifesli'd in Pari«. The Chnrter, modified by .\I.
lierard, was known. This ill fiirmed plan of a eoiiklitii-
tloii, remodelled u|Min ll" syslpin which hnd just Iser
destroyed, wus f^ti from fulfilling Ihu c.xpectatiuiis uf the
revolution, as it sanctioned the prineipul abuses of that
"ystein, and repudiated every idea of national I'onscnt.
There was, moreover, some intention of voting the iicer-
age hereditary; general indignation was manifested
among the men ol' July ; treason even was s:,id lo exist 1
It was the 3d of -\iigusl, tiie day appointed by the
government of Charles X. for the meitiiig of the
Chanibers. 'J'he deputies attiielied much iin[iortancc
to the circumstance of o|>cniiig the Ht'rtthitiumnif ses-
sion upon that day; it was opened in iffeet, and two
sillings took place on the same day. 'I'hat of the
evening had scarcely cominenced, wlicii a tunmllnous
crowd presented itself at the doors of the Ciiainlier,
with a manilest inleiition of dissolving it by liiree;
the cxas|K'ralioii of the young men was renewed with
more violenee than ever; the ineiiibers who were en-
leriiig the hall were assailed with most meiiai'ina^ re-
proaches; in fine, the tiiiiiiill had reached its height
wlieii Lafayette arrived by the gri'at court, sitiialeil at
\Uv cxlremity opposite lo llie .■■eeiie of tumuli. Finding
the Cliaiiiber in great aginitioii, and preparing it>elf to
nvist conr.iLfionsly tliis violation of its liberty, lu^ eii-
ijiiired where tlie di^tu^banee existed, and presenting
liiinself vvithi.ut ilelay lo Hie asseiuhhige which was
making the air nsoimd with ils eoinplaints and its
tries I — " Kriends," saiil he lo the: disconlenled, " it was
my duly lo lake lueaKiires lo protect the Clianiber of
Deputies against any attack direcled against ils inileiiend-
enee; I li.ive not d<ine so, and 1 have been wrong. Hut
I had not foreseen the violeiicir, afn r all that Ins taken
|>laee (liiriiiir the rivolntion, which is exhibited this day.
I have no forii- to oppose lo yon: lint if llje libi riy ol'
the Cliainlier is \ iol.iled, the dishonour will liiil upoti me
who am entrusted with tlii' inainlenanee of pnhlie order.
I l!:en'fore plaet: my luinoiir in your liaiids, and I de| end
siillii ieiilly iiiwii your l'rieMdshi|> lo lie certain that you
will peaeiably retire." At the -.e words the slorni was
eahiKil; and all exi laiined : "Well! let us retiri'l \\ri
lAifinjillr y and the Chamber recovered llie independ-
ence of ils di lilieratifiiis.
It was not, liowi vrr, with iinpunily, that the voice of
Laliiyelle alone eoiiid elfeel, in this critical inonienl,
wli.l all other united iuliiienecs would have alli.'iii|tled
ill vain. This power of individual popularity, which was
then extolled by liiyh anil by low, lieeaiiie the cause of
the unibrage anil rulieiilous jealousy which broke out as
soon as the dangers, \\illi wliieli the trial of the ininister.s
meiiaeeil the new order of things, had passed a\\av.
Hefore the publii' disciissicjii of tlii' new Charter, in the
draveiiig up of which Lafayelle had had no share, some
deputies had been sent liir to the I'alais-ltoyal to hear it
read. AI.M. (Jeorge I.arayetle, Victor de Triiiy, and La-
f.tyette himself, were presenl. The reading veas hastily
gone through, and in onlir lo prevent any observations,
gre.lt care wax taken to pn lend that the Chamber wai
waiting. Lafayelle, howi'Ver, was struck with the anibi-
giiily and iinciearness of the article relative lo the aboli-
tion ol'the peerage, so strongly insisted upon by the
llolcl-de-Ville. 'I'lie coiii|Hisition was allered in llii
Chamber ilsell', on the reipiisiliim of srinc deputies, iind
in cniisei|iiinee of the severe language made use of b_v
Lafayelle from the tribune.
" ticiitlemen," s.iid lie, "when I come to pronnnnce
an opinion upon which many friends of lilsrly may dif
lir, i shall not be siis|K'cled of being eariied away iiy an
I liiillition lif feclinir, or n wish lo court |Kipularity, which
I have never preferred to my duty. The republican
opinions I have manil'ested al all times, niiil in the pre-
sence of all forms of sovereign power, Iiave not pn venleil
ine Iroiii deli iidliig a eoiislilulional throne; it is thus,
geiilli men, that, in the presenl erl^is, it has appeared
projier fir us to raise another national llirone; and I
iiiiisl say, that my Im'sI wishes for tin prime, the choice
of whom now oeeiipies you, have beeonu* slrongi r the
more I have known liliii ; lail I slmll dilli r from many
of you on the (piestiun ol'the hereditary peeriige. \ ilis.
cipli'oflhe .\iiieriean school, I have always thought thai
llie legi^lalive body oiejil lo be divided iiilo two eliuili-
bers, diirerenlly orgaiii>-ed. lint I have nevir iind. rslood
how llieri^ could he h< ridilary legisl.ilors iniil piilges.
Aristocracy, gi nlleinin. Is a had ingredieiit in pohlnal
inslilutions; I therefore' expii'ss, us stniiigly a.-. I can,
my wish that the lierniilary |h erage shoiilil he alHilislied.
and, al the same lime, I beg my eolleaguis not lo forgil,
llnil if I have always Iseii Ihr mini uf iJierly, I ha\e never
ceased lo Is* fhr mau iif /nililir eii/ir."
These words were a death blow lo the peerage . It i'-
here the place lo speak ol the Ik mrd ( 'hnrler, respecting
the origin of which so many eonjecliires have Is'en
formed. I am the more able lo give an aceoniit of it,
«s, httMin; been coiiiuiicd with lis millior, by formerly
writing in the sasie paper, the Journal du C'ommtrce, I
was able dining the memorable days to cnru my port-
folio from the notes which he deposited in liis own, and
acquaint niy.self with every particular of his conduct in
this atiair.
'eople have been wrong in accusing M. B6rard of ac.
cepting, upon this occasion, a part ready cast. The firat
idea of the important measure which he subsequently
pro|)osed, was entirely his own, and the following is the
exact series of vicissitudes which the Charter experienced
belbrc it became the law of the state,
.•\t ten o'clock on Wednesday evening, the 3d of An.
gust, .Al. Hi'rard, discussing at M. Lafiitle's, with MM.
Ktienne and Cauchois Lemnire, the danger of leaving
any longer to ambitious persons the means of agitation,
conceived and expressed the idea of putting an end to it,
y proposing to the (liamber the formal deposition of
Charles X., and the proclamation of the Duke of Orleans,
upon conditions so strict and precise that it would be im-
possible for that prince to break tlirou(;h tiicm. This
proposal met with the approbation of the small number
of patriots to whom it had just been communicated, and
.\I. Jierard returned home in order to draw up the pro-
posilion which follows: —
V solemn compact united tin; French |ieoplc to their
mnnarcli; that compact has just been broken. The pre-
rogatives to which it had given birth have ceased to exist.
The violator of th(^ contract can have no title to demand
ils )H'rfornianee; Charles X. and liij son in vain pretend
lo transmit a power they no longer possess; that power
has been exliiiguishcd by tho blood of sonic thousands ot
vieliiiis.
" 'I'lie act you have just heard read • is a new instance
of perfidy. The legal appearance with w liich it is in-
vested is only a deception. It is a torch of discord they
wish to Inirl amongst us,
" The eneniies of our country bestir themselves in
every way ; lliey assmne every colour; they alTcct every
opinion. If an anticipated desire ol indefinite liberty
lakes possession of some generous minds, these enemies
aie e.iger to turn to advantage a sentiment into which
they are ineapahle of entering. I'ltra-royulists present
Iheinselves under the ap|iearance of rigid republicans;
others alicct towards the son of the conqueror of Eu-
rope, a hypoerilical altaehmcnt, which woidd soon be
converted into hatred if it could be in serious contein-
plalion to make him the chief of France.
" The inevitable instability of the present means of
government,! iieonrage Ihv. promoters of discord ; let us
pill an end lo it. .\ supreme law, that of necessity, has
pi. iced arms in the bunds of the people of Paris in order
lo expel oppression. This law has made us adopt as a
provisional chief, and as a means of safety, a prince sin-
cerely tiiendly to constitutional institutions, 'I'lie sanii.'
law requires that we should adopt this prince as the deli-
iiilive chief of our govermneiit.
" lint v.hiitcver conlidence we may repose in him, the
rights vvliicli we are called U|miii to defend require that
we should sellle the conditions on which he is to obtain
|Kiwer. Having lepeutedlv been shamefully deceived,
we may be allowed to call for sirict giiaranlees. Our
insliliilions are incomplete, and faulty in many respects;
it is our duly to extend their limits and render lliciii
more |srfeet. The prince who is at oiir head has anii-
1 ipati d oor jiist demands. 'I'lie principles of scveriil
limilami iital laws have been (iroposed by the ("hanibci
and riiogiiisid by him. The ri-eslttbliBlimcnt of the
national guard with the imwcr to npiHiint their own ol!i-
eers; the iiili rvenlion ol the citizens in the liirnmlion el'
the deparliiii nlalaiiil miimeipiil ndniinistralions ; Irialbv
jury for ollinces of the press ; the res|K)nsibilily (ii
inini^ters and secondary agenis of llie adniinistratioii;
Hie stale of the military hgally fixed ; the rc-elcclion ol
ilepiilii!s who have aci i ptid oUiee ; are already ensured
lo us. Public opinion, moriovcr, ilenninds no longer uii
empty toleration of all religious worships, but their nli-
soliilei quality in llie eye of the law; the evpiilsion ol
foreign troops from the national army; the ubolilion ol
the nobility, old and new ; the proposing of new lowi
to belong to each of the Ihree powers ; the suppreisiei;
of the doubleeleitor.il vole; the age uikI the pro|Mi
qiialiliealioii of eiiiididatcs reduced; in fine, the tola!
reconslitiitioii of the |S'ernge, the fiindninintal Irases ui
ttliiih have liecn succcKsivcly vitiated by prevBricutiiij
iiiinisterK.
" tienlleinen, we are the ileeled of the iirnplr; to m
Iliey have liilriistid the il fence of their interests am!
the evpressnin of Iheir wants. 'I'lieir first wants, llim
* Thii. iirni'K » n. Ill lisvi' hi'Mi rf id al llir KliiinK In « lili li ih'
iici 111' iiticllriiiinn nf I'linilrs X iind llie rrnuniial.aii ol lliu lUu
|i|ilii WLir iniiiiiiiinunU'd In till Llianibit.
dearest
Bave CO
jbr us t
♦oby
Were va
6ar pow
law wh
|nd iiiv
"On
tlie cone
lie slipu
*>», gc
iprciich,
ftans."
In th
tjbminiir
pine mi
tised to
irard ]
LAFAYETTE AND LOUIS PHILIPPE.
II
Journal du f'ommtrce, I
diiys to ciirii my port.
cpoKited in tiia uwn, and
ticulur of his conduct in
ccusing M. Birard of ac
art ready cast. The fir»t
I which he subsequently
and the following is the
I I lie Cliartcr experienccu
state.
t evening, the 3d of A«.
M. Lumttc's, with MM,
i; tlie danger of leaving
i tlie means of agitation,
!a of putting an end to it,
the formal deposition of
n of the Duke of Orleans,
c'cisc that it would be im-
ilk tlirou(;h liicm. Thia
ion of the sniull number
been conmiunicated, and
der to draw up the pro-
III! French [wopic to their
it been broken. The pre-
birtli have ceased to exist.
1 have no title to demand
d liij son in vain pretend
iger possess ; that power
loud of sonic thousands of
[1 read • is a new instance
lice with H hicti it is iii-
is a torch of discord they
itry bestir themselves in
colour ; they affect every
■sire ol iiidetinite liberty
ous minds, these enemies
a sentiinent into which
. I'llra-royulists present
ICO of rigid republicans;
of the conqueror of Eu-
it, which woiUd soon be
Id Iw ill serious conteiii.
of rruiice.
of the present meiins of
iiiotcrs of discord ; let lis
u\v, that of necessity, has
people of Paris in order
has inndc us adopt as a
of safety, a jiriiicc sin-
institutions. The sHim-
ipt this prince as the deli-
may repose in him, the
to dul'end require that
on which he is to obtain
shamefully deceived,
Iriet guarantees. <Jur
illy ill many respects;
mits and render them
is at our head lian anli-
'he primiplea of several
reposed by the ("liambci
ri'.olabllshiiient of llic
to ap|H)iiil their own olli.
zciis ill the lonimlion «l
ailiniiiistraliriiis ; trialby
; the n's|)oiisibility ol
of the aiimiiiistralioii;
fiM'd ; llie re-election ol
e ; are already ensured
ileinands no ioiiger au
worships, but their ab.
law ; llie eipulsion ol'
army ; the abolition ol
proposing of new lam
lowers ; the suppression
nge and the proper
uced ; in tine, the total
fimilnmi iital bases ni
ilialed by prevorieatiiij
led of llie (leople; to vi
of Ihiir iiilert'sts am;
Till ir lirst wnnts, llim
I nl i!ir»liilnii in «hlili iti-
ilx' rfhum luf.on ot tlir Diitj
ibi'i.
larest interests, arc liberty and tranquillity. They
JVC conquered lilicrty from the hands of tyranny ; it is
ir us to ensure them tranquillily, and we can only do
) by giving tlicni a just and stable goveiniiicnt. It
■ere vain to assert that in acting thus, we shall CKec-cd
iur powers; I would answer this futile objection by the
^w which I have already invoked, that of imperious
|nd invincible necessity.
" On the faith of a strict and rif:ore>-s execution of
^B conditions just enumerated, which must, beforehand,
|e stipulated aiid sworn to by tlie monarch, I propose to
A)ii, gentlemen, to proclaim iminediately king of the
Prcncli, the Prince Lieutenant-general, Philip|>e d'Or-
Muns."
In tlic norning of the 4th of August, 'M. Berard
jibminunieatcd this proposition to fcvcriil deputies,
fitoiongKt whom were M.M. Uupoiit do rEore, at that
5me minister of justice, and Lallitle, who both pro-
isud to communicate it to the council. At iiuon .'M
brard repaired to the (."hamber, where, before the open-
■ the sitting, he thoiiglit pro|H^r to menlion his in
intiuns to a great many of hiscollcanues, among whom
met with violent opposition. While this was going
, the provisional ministers arrived at tlie Palais-Uour-
jn, and assured M. Bcrard tliat his plan had met with
le approbation of the council; but that the UuUe of
irlcans pailicularly requested him to postpone the pro-
jsition, in order to be able to give it a still great('r ex-
insion to the adianliige iif lilieily I They added, that
ic prince had conceived the thought of immediately ap-
Iviiig to the Charter tiic principles laid down iu the
roiiosiliou of M. Bi'riird, and Ihat in the evening he
rould be called to the council, in order to discuss, with
V members of the cabiiiit, the moilitieations it might
deemed pro-per to make in il. M. l)er;ad, however,
as not sent for by the niiiiislers, who e.veu.-i'cl llieni-
ves by saying, that the council had first wished to
me to an agneiiicnt upon some points iiiuler discus-
lion, in whieli they had not yet succeeded, but lhat be,
rl. Berard, should certainly be called to the meeting of
le evening. This second promise had the same fate as
p first.
On Friday morning, tlie .5th of August, 51. Bi'r.ird
■^I'cnt to the house of M. (iuizot, to whom lie eompliined
An bitter terms nf the delay that Iiis pro|msiliiiii lind ix-
merieneed and tlie improper treatment he had nicl willi.
St was then that M. (iuizot delivered to him, with visi-
Jblc enibarr.issnient, a new composition, in the handwri-
king of the Duke dc Broglii^, drawn up according to
the system of the doelriiiuirti, who had just seized upon
power.
The follow ing is the original text of this curious do-
cumeiit, which 1 recommend to the atUiitiou of my
readers, as typical of Die opinion which then swayed
and has ever since gnidi d the policy of the men of the
Uestoration, in whom, in an nnhieky monient, the re-
iVohilioii of July had ihe niisfortuiie to eonlide.
^ It is there we nm seek liir the origin of that mon-
lEtriius anomaly whl> u A!, (liiizot .soon dared to iiitrodnee
*nmoiig our laws, under the curious denomination of
iijU'inilrnilimiiri/,
,f " The Ciiamher of Devutiks, takimi into toNsior-
^RATIOX, &c.
I " yKEivci THE Act of .^biucation ok His .Majesty
'|Ciutti.Es X., evoER Tiir. oate of the 2n of Arousr
lil.AST, AND THE nEM-MlATloN OF Ills l{<IVAL llUill.SKSS
IliOelS-AvTOlNE, DaII'IIIN, OF THE SAME HATE ;
" I'ONSIOEUIMJ, MonEOVEB, THAT II. AI. ClIARIES X.,
^/\n II, H. II. I.oms AvToiNE, Daci'iiin, and aj i. the
'jilElinKIIS OF THE El.llEK linANlH OF rilE lloVAI. llolSE,
RE AT THIS .MIHIEST I.EAVINO rilE I'lUACIl TEHItllOHV;
'Declares, that the throne is vacant, ami that
is iniiisi'ensari.v necessary to fkoville foa the
X'ASION,"
The qualificalicm fiir a depuly at IIUIO I'ranes, and the
ualificatioii entitling lo a vote of UlUI lianei', weie care,
illy preserved in this jinjil, wliieli, moreover, made no
lodifieatinn in the composition of the (.'hanilM.'.' of Peers,
M. (iuizot had only added, iu his own liaiidwritiiig, tlie
following marginal note ; " /l/( niipninlmriilt ami
tirw rrtutinni of prna mndr. diirins the itign of U, M,
Chnrlts X- «rr ihiimrd null mid viiid,"
But what it is most impnrlani to remnrk in this com-
position, IS the order of ideas in whi 'h the two dim ling
ministers had already pliieed lliiinsolveH, What did
M.M. de Uroglie and (iuizot iiieaii lo eimviy by the
" roniii/crieg'" introduced In their eom|Hisilion ' In
whose interest had lliey stipulated the abdication of
i'lmrlen X,, and the remineialion of the Daupliin, if il
wemiol in favour of a third (lerson, n minor f Indenl,
he neccuily of the abdication and the rciuuii iation
once recognised, the Duke of Bordeaux alone remained
of riiflit King of France. So, it was morally impossible
to infer from these principles the kingship of Louis
Pliilippe; and, in order not to lie struck with the absur-
dity of tills combination, il was necessary to give credit
to the existence of a certain protest published in the
English journals, on occasion of the birth of the Duke
of liurdeaux, put lorth aguiii a I'ew weeks after the
events of Ji.'y, and leil without contradiction on the
part of the Diike of Orleanf, to whom it had been attri-
buted. In any case, it was ut least evident that the
ilocliinnire ministers wi-hed, even then, to create for
Louis Philippe a Icgiliiii.ate monarchy ; an intention
which sufficiently explains both the conduct of this
first ministry, and that of tlie present cabinet, whose
principles are cxaclly the same.
However, on receiving from the hands of M. Guizot
tlie composition of .M. de Broglie, AI. Bcrard declared
that It expressed principles to which he could not sub-
scriljc, and announced his intention of modilying them.
Time, however, was pressing ; it was nine o'clock, and
the (Jlianiber were lo a-sscnibli^ at noon to receive the
communicatiou of his projiosition.
It was in this short space of time tint he hurried
tlirough the compact destined to bind France to the
royalty of the barricades. Alectinir AI. (iuizot at the
foot of the tribune, " I h.ive," said he, " allered a good
deal of your work." " So inueii thi' worse," replied the
(lorlriniiirr : 'you will veer he fiir'^ict'i' /'or it." To
every rellccling man, this phrase conveyed the whole
system which is now being developed.
I seek not to he tlie apobigi.st of M. B"rard's prodiic-
lion ; I have already said lh;,t it is only ,■• clumsy assem.
Iil.igi! of the most ineoliirent provisi, us. However, il
on Ihe one hand we reilect with what preci|iitatioii he
was oblij'cd lo finish his composition, and if on the
oilier his first work bo comp.ired wilii the proposition
coming from so hiuli a qinrler and drawn up by ,M.M,
• iuizot and de Broglie: if, nioreuvcr, the eleineiits o
which the C'liainber was composed, he taken into eoiisi
deratiim ; the difficult situation of Ibis honourable: dr-
ptily will lie easily conceived ; and lo ciremnstaiices,
rallier than to polilii?al convictions, the delects of the
Charter of \>'M will probably be ascribed,
CHAPTFIf IX,
Vain esiipi-lnilnnr— l.nliiM'ii.^ i- i>|>|ins,il i,> tlii' nr-w kiiicV tnkiiic
llif itiiiiv or l'lilli|»pf \' — tnthii'iii/ioiiin Ml Lniiis Ctiiiipiic—
Wliy Liu'iiVflli^ ancplH lli« rnaiMtanil-.ii-cliJfl r,l' ihi- liati'trri
)lii:ir<ls— Wlial III' ihh-s I'or lliie iiislilul nn— Ki^Vicw ol ill,' -J'l.li
I'f Vua'isl, 1":!0— Il v\as llii II t'oi l'.iiio,ic lo ti»k piacv, and lOi
traiai' lo crani it.
The new charter, in the hurried manner in whieli it
had been got up, was eerlaiiily not i^ipial to what Ihe
victory ill iiianded, nor lit all ccpial to the c\peetalioiia
that so noble a triumph liad raised. The ih.taiiee was
iieverthelesH ^reat Is tween the new coiislilullun and the
old cliirler- -between the republiean forms, wiiieli were
si 111 respected, ami Ihe servile lorms of a court, whieli a
I'ew days before liiiil wii(r|ieil heavily upmi France, The
most ardent friends of the lievohitlon might slill dream
of pisliee, liberty, glory, a throne proteelnig ihi' rights
of tlie piTiple, an iiiiiisMihible euiiipact bctwienlhe go.
verniiieni and tile nation, I'or myself, I confess, I
Ihought thai the dieains of my yiailh were realised ; lin
it was to the sound ot the " I'lnisifnnc," and the
" Miirffilliiiiii,'" pirl'ormed iiniler the very porlieo of ihe
Chtiniber, that the lieiilen.inl.cteneralhail jusl appeal id Ihr
Ihe fii.sl li.iic ill the midsl of llie nalliinal representalion ■
and imiigiiiing I lint n lime so long wished for was now lo
List, I Ibonghtl could exeluiiii with the old man, Simeon,
" None (liiiiillis..." Alas!
Il had been deeiiled llial the throne should be olVered
lo llie Duke of Orleiins ; that the new moiiareh should
take Ihe n.iiiie of Philippe V. It was llie firsi allempl
of Ihe counler-revnhilion to piece togellier again thai
fliiiiiir i/i.t II iiiH which lliu barricades had so rudely
niiiipped asunder,
Lafayelle opposed lliis denoininalion, which lie said
was imworlhy of a republiean monarchy, which onulil
lo have nolliing in common with the pretensions and
barbarian linsel of the ancient kings of France. Frank,
ness, Ibis lime, had the ndvanlage over the diHliiiiniii
iiuirllers, and the Diike of Orleans vvmle with his own
hand tlieso words in Fiiglish : )um hint (;utiird ijuii
iniiiil.
It was n fine speetnele to witness the iiillironisationof
a king eiealed by llie |Mople, enlrring inlolhe Kiiiieliiarv
iif llie laws lo the sound ol' Ihe popular liyiims of 17ll'i,
Joined with ;lii palriolie inspirations ot I Kill ; silling
u)Hiu a Kimple tabouret, luid wailing until llic leprcaen
iatives of the nation should have given him permission
to scat himself upon the throne. Who will ever forget
it ? The |)cople were still then in all the dignity of
their power, and never had the relations between the
created and the creator been more religiously observed :
cries of I'tie Ic Dur d'Oiliuns! and not of Vice le Koi !
resounded from the benches and other parts of the
house : the president of the Chamber, M. Casimir
Perier, reading the new Charter to the Duke of Orleans ;
the prince declaring that he accepted it ; the honest
Dupoiit de I'Eurc prescniing it to him for signature, and
receiving his oath ; a king standing and speaking to a
people who were seated ; and that king authorised, at
lenglli, lo place himself upon the throne, where, for the
first lime, he is saluted with the title of monarch : such
were the last homages paid to tlic sovereignty of the
French peo|de.
When the lieutenant general had arrived at the Hotel-
dc-Villc, hi.s lirst care li.d been to press Lafayette to
preserve tile I'unelions of coinniander-in.chicf of the na-
tional guards of the kingdom. The prince reiterated
this request at the moment he ascended the llirone, add-
ing that it was the most ellicacioiis method, the only
one, perhaps, of con.solidating his work. Lafayette,
thinking that circumstances indeed required tXat thi»
eominand should remain in his hands, consented to keep
it provisionally; allhoiigh, as I have already said, he had
refused it forty years belbrc, as giving to one man an
cvorbitant and dangerous power.
This is the place to relate Ihe services which Lafay-
ette rendered his country during the short period that
he held this vast eominand. At Ihe name of their gene-
ral, the national guards arose to life, and formed them-
selves as if by enchantment. All his time was employ-
ed, all hi.s anxiety was centred, in this national rearm-
ing, williuut which he always thought there never coud
exist a guarantee lor liberty. .'\ great part of his time
was oeeiipied in the immense correspondence which he
haslened to establish belweeii his headquarters and the
stall's of all Ihe nalii.nal guards of'tlie kingdom. He at-
taelied, ill particular, much imiHirlanee to the creation of
a citizen arlillery, of which a great many companies
were alreiily oig.inised, and in posses-ion of three hun-
dred and Inly pieces, at the time of his resignation.
Obliged bioiself to appoint the eommnnders of the le-
gions, in order to serve as a nucleus to their subsequent
organisation, yet tuitblul to the principles of 17111, ho
haslened to rccoiisign those iippointini nts to the choice
of the citizens as soon as eircninstnnees perniilted it.
'I'liis right, essentially national, Lafayrlte arterwurds de-
fended against the iqiinion of the (.'omMii*,?!!/!! who made
it II prerogative of the crown ; he also maintained at
ihe tribune that tln^ formalion of ciinloml batluliojis
ou;;hl to be made a general and absolute principle, and
not lelldependentonthewillof tlieking. Every week La-
fayelle asM iiibled, at his head qinirters, the colonels and
Ihe lieuleiiant eohmels of the k gions, llii> artillery, and
Ihe cav.dry, in order to cnnei rl with them not oiily the
means of bringing lo perfection Hie organisation of the
cilizen army, but also Ihe ineasiires to betaken to niain-
laiii public order, and for the best distribution of the
service.
His mornings were generally employed in receiving
Ihe numerous deputations of the naliennl guards and
munieipiililles of the departments, who Hocked to hink
from all quarters, to pay him Iheir respecla and solicit
iirnis, Ihe delivering of vvliich never failed to create him
ililfieiilties anil eonleni ions ofwliiehnoiiebiilofficersaliout
him could form an idea. However, owing In the unliniitej
eonfidenee reposed in him by Ihe country, to his assidu-
oos cares, lo his palriolie firmness, and perhaps also to
Ihe govermneiit's fi'ariiig lo resist him at the moment
when llie heir to the throne was coming lo ask his per-
mission lo serve as a private nrlillerv man in the na-
lioiial guard— owing to all Ibis, FrRiice already iiumher-
ed Mviiiliin hundred llionsand organised' nalional
guards, appointing their own oHieers, nriiied, and a
great number ciiuippeil, full of urclonr and polrioliiim.
Who is there that does not utill feel u remaining de-
gree of eiilliiisiiism, ill calling to mind the review of the
•JlMli of August, at which sixty Ihoiisaiidiialhinal guards,
organised, ns it were by miracle, |Hrleiilly armed anil
eqiiipiMil, enine to Ihe Cliniiip.dc-.Mars to receive their
lohiiirs I'roiii the hands of Louis Philip(>e, who Ihen still
thought it an lioiiour to be only Ihnir first magistrate ?
How iimiiy gnaraiilees' wlial glory! what lilierly! how
iiiiieh pro«|Hrity this niagnilieenl scene pnmiised ! Filly,
two hallnlions or sipmdrons of eiliren soldiers, rivalliiiif
ill npmarnneennilmllitarv precision the old Imndsnflhn
grancl army, and shIiiIccI by the Bcclniimlions of llireo
hundred thuuaaiid s|>ectuturB, presented a y«t more bril.
u
12
LAFAVETTE AND LOUIS PHILIPPE.
\ •
lianl spectacle tliun thiit of the federation of 1790. It
was then tliiit I.oiiis PhilipiK?, hnvinff thrown himself
into the urnis of l.afiiyotte, exelainiinfj, This I prrfrr lu
a rormuition at l{/ieiiiii>, the troops and the people nn
RWered these suhitations hy a thoiisanil shouts of V'l'ff I'
Koil V'ire Lnfiiyelte! An inliTtstinjf and grand union
which appeared lo have fixed the throne of Louis Philipi
upon a roclt. And that other revii'W, a few weelss after,
exliibited iin assenihlai;e of seventy lliousand niitional
guards under arms ; and then, those twenty thousand
men of the department of the Seine-et-( Use, whom the
king and Lafayette caiiu' to ins|M'el at Versailles, all sol-
diers and citizens, all demanding' and inspiring confi-
dence, who can ever forget them ? with what certainly
could not the throne of July have promised and com-
manded peace I Pence I it was for the kings of Europe
to ask, and for Louis Philippe to grant il.
A fortnight after the tail of a perjured king, who
buteliered his people, an inuni^nse army had risen in fa-
vour of liberty, order and iude|M'ndenee ; iiml liehind those
civic phalanxes, one hundred thousand valiant working
men, ready (o save the country, as they had saved the
capital ; and in the remaining part of France, three mil-
lions of citizens vicing with each other in organising
themselves against the enemies of our independence, of
liberty, and public order 1 ! Yes, this day ought to have
terminated our long vicissitudes ; the name of king had
again become popular in France, llirough a prince who
held out his hand to every citizen, and wliom all interests
hailed as their protector. Yes, on the Sittli of August,
one month afler the expulsion of ("liarles X., the revolu-
tion, conuneneed forty years Ix'fore, might have ended in
establishing the principle of popular sovereignty and eili-
zcn monarchy : but they would not have it so ; the revolu-
tion is again in labour; the crown and lilM-rty are .«till
fearful of each other; France docs not rise in greatness;
•he is sinking into liltleness.
Who, while reading the following doeumenls, wouhl
not have bi lieved in an indissoluble alliance between
Louis Philippe and Lalayette .'
ORiiKii OF rnp; »»v of tiik .IOtu of Ariii'ST, 18.'t0.
"The niagniticcnt review of yeslerday ; the adinirabh-
ap|)caranee of the citizen army, the rapiil tormalion of
which is in harmony with the rapidity of the triumph ol'
liberty; the manner in which the National (iiiaril pre-
sented itself under arms and tiled oil' l«'lore the king,
excited the enlliusiasiii of llie immense population which
victory has long designated as the most eom|ictent mili-
tary judges. The presence of our brave wounded men
of the grand week, of a nujiilHr of deputalions from our
fellow soldiers of the departinent.s, completed the happi-
ness of this memorahle day. The general in chief eim-
tines himself, at present, in congratulating himself and
his comrades of ilie Parisian national guard upon the su-
perb and patriotic s|ieclacK! which it exhibited upon this
memorable day. What expressions, moreover, could he
find, after those of the s|K'eeli diliv( red by Ihe king in
presenting us with the colours, and after the letter which
lie hastens lo conimunicale to bis fellow soliliers '"
SPEKCU nKl.IVKIlFIl IIV TUK KISd WIIFN I'KKSKN TINd TIlK
roi.orns.
"My dear comrades,
" It is with pleasure Ihat I entrust these colours to you,
and it is with great sntisfaelion I pri'si'nt tin in lo him
who was, liirty yi'ars ago, at Ihe li<'ad of your filhrrs in
this same field.
"These colours arose among us willi the dawn of li.
iHTty ; their ap|H'aianee reeals lo me wilh rapture my
younger vearn. A symbol of the vielory o\er Ihe I'ne-
mies of llie slate, b'l Ihesr er>lonrs hecfune amongst our-
pelves Ihe saleguard of puhlii' order and liberty 1 l,el
these glorious colours, confided to your tidelity, be our
rallying-sign 1
" Vice In I'inntr .'"
l.KTTKPl FROM TIIK KI.NCI TO nKNKIUI. I.AFAVKTTK.
" I wish first of all, my dear gini'ral, to know how you
linil yourself after this splendid day, as I liaryou musi In
niueii l'atigue<l; hut ( have yet anolher very slrong nut-
live for adilressing yon ; it is, to reipiesllhal you will he.
come mv interpri'ler wilh thai glorious Nalionnl (inaril,
of wlwnii you are the patriarch, anil to express to Iheni
all the admiration wilh which il has this ilay inspired
me. Tell Iheiii that mil only have ihey siirpiissi'd my
cxpectalioiis, but ihal it is not in my power lo express
all the joy and Ihe bappiness they ha\e made me r\|H'.
rience. A wllness of ihe li ileration of I7IIII in this same
Olmmp-dcMarn; a wilness, also, of Ihe grand movcnienl
of 17112, when I »«w our army in ('hamiHigne joined by
lbrty-ci|{lit batUiliuiiB wliicli ihc city of Poriii hud raiwd
in tliree days, and which so eminently contributed to re.
|K'l the invasion which wc had Ihe good fortune to arrest
at Valmy ; I can make the comparison ; and it is with
delight 1 tell you that what I Have just seen is very su-
perior to lliat which I then considered so grand, and
which our enemies found so formidable. Have th<^ good-
ness, also, my dear general, to express to the .National
(iiiard how much 1 was gratified by their demonstrations
towards myself, and how deeply they have sunk into iiiy
heart.
" Your aflectionnte,
" Ix)i'i8 Phimppk."
Quantum iiiulalut nb ilto !
THAPTRR X.
ObjiM-i.- ilmt tliverled Lalaxciie's aitrmion foan the turniatlnn of
Ihi' kiii<:'s coilnnl—lli' liniiands the i-iiniti(-i|iatitMi nt ilii- |>f-ii|ilr
ot rnhuir— III' I rcT'i-tiis til the kiiii> ilirim!ivMliiittsi-<iii(leiiuii-il liir
)K)ljuca] iillViirirt— Tlic triidiicl ut iJmw in jhiwit lowitrUa Ihesi'
liraM' 1111 II.
'J'lie munerous occupations in which such great anil
rapid events had involved Lafiiyetle, had necessarily di-
verted his attention tioin the tbrnialion of the king's
council. He is even accused, and perhaps justly, of
having allowid the (wwer to fall into the hands of the
doclrinaiiff, and, in general, of the men of the Restora-
tion. That inditference, which has since become so fa-
tal, is explained by the character of liafuycttp, to whom
anthorily was always a burden, and for whom the rou.
tine of business had never any attractions. .Vccustoined
to recover his advant^igcs in limes of danger, he had al-
ways the tailing, a very serious one lor a stalesinim, of
despising intrigues, and contemning, above all others,
those of which h<: might individually be Ihe object. This
unwillini:ncss to atleiid to |H'tly machinations and cabal,
was productive ol' serious eonsenuences in the secpiel of
a revolulion which hail iH'cn etVecled nt least as much in
opposition to men as to things. With the exi;i!ption,
howl ver, of siveral names, which with associated with
alHieliiig recollections, il must be conlessed that the di-
rection given to public afliiiis by the first administration
of Louis Philip|M>, presented nothing alarming for the re-
volution, at least in the then ostensible and avowed |X)liey
of that eabiiii t.
Till' faction which very soon set itself up as the arbiter
of our ileslinics, had not yet atteinpted to re.conslrucl
the Uesloration ; it ap|K'ared to labour only lo find for
France a suitable |H>sition, some resting |)oint on the new
ground u|K)n wliicli the events of .luly had thrown her.
The revolution of 1S30 had likewise itself deranged
many interests, thrown many [H-rsons out of their place,
wounded many vanities ; the position was full of dangers ;
and (Hiwer, tottering on its teet, sought strength ami sup-
port iit every hand. The exp<'rieneeil patriots, on their
side, reeollectid that our first revolution had comiuitted
errors; that the stnmgle in which it had liecii engaged
had renilired it violent ; that il bad terrified many, hud
overshot its mark, hail tieipiently swept away good along
wilh evil; and had ended with bringing back des|iotiain
through the miilitim of anarchy.
It was necessary to pay regard to this pridomiiiant
fieling, and at least, liefiiie attacking the new govern-
ment, lo wait until it had settled itself and unfolded its
system. .Ml Ihn organs of lilieral opinions, whati^ver
might Iw Ihe shades of their doctrines, ranged Ihem-
selvi^s fratiklv on the sidt^ of an uulliority emanating
t'rom the bairicndos ; nntl their almost tinnitiuioiis eotin-
iHtianee atfordeil lo the de|sisitaries of jMiwer, during the
first six months of ilieir admlnistrnlion, is one ol' the
best evidences of the real progress Ibal political inlelli-
geiii:e hail made ainongsl us. 'I'hen many of Ihe men
of July, and, it may bo said, llio greater number of
Ihoin who had ellietcd the revolution, suptwrted the
ministry, thotigb ut the saino Iniio deploring the ilanger-
oiis course lo which il hud abandoned itself. The rare
exceptionn do not atl'ect the justito of this general ob-
si^rvatioii.
Since that time lliosr men have lenriit nitieh — they
have lioen deceived, and eX|M!riciiee has condemned
them lo the eondilion of declared op|Hisilioiiists; bill
not lioforo they had scon the system of the lesloration
leurlessly nnliililing itself, lioiitginiich evil, and eoiilem.
plating still iiiote. For thosu reusonii, Lafnynlle like-
wise abstaineil at first from attacking Ihe domeslii'
policy of the irovnrnnient of July, which hud he donii, il
tniijht liu%e Imen a sigiiul tiir new resistance, and have
raised up serious ohstuclos.
Nevertheless, in the midst of the lalsnirs with which
the reorganisation of Nalionnl tiuaril overwlielnied him,
hi did not lose sight of some im|Mirtnnl points U|M)n
wliich It waa necctMry the govrrnnivnt ahould explain
itself without delay. Aniongst tliein was the finally lii
ing and recogiiLsing the rigTits of the tree |)Cople of c,
lour, in our colonics; an important ipieslion, which h!
the ert'ortsof the ojiposition had never bien able to briiiii
lo a settlement under the preceding governnienl. C'alli.
upon hy Laliiyelle, the minister of marine answcru.
from the tribune, that the new roy.-dly considered all lli
citizens of our colonies pertectly equal, and that it i\\<
claimed the idea of any sjK'cies of inu-riority or supcn.
ority founded on a dirt'erencc of colour. 'I'his was nnii :,
for the cause of hunianily, much also tor the palrit.!
who, the first in France, had attempted the gradtir,;
eiiianeipation of Ihe skives, and devoted a eonsiderablt
portion of his lortmie to that philantbropie work.
One of tJie first cares of Liifayelte was likewise to a^
certain the intentions of the new authorities with ri
s|Hct to the patriots condemned for political otVenci,
during the reigns of Louis XVIII. and C'harlcs X. 11.
saw in the decision which he was endeavouring to drais
t'rom the government on the subject of these noble vii
liins, not only an atonement to Ix' made to justii-e, bii'
a fresh consecration of the principle of resistance to op
presaion, and to violation of the laws. Therefore, ii
gave great scandal lo the doctrinnire fiiction which h.u)
already engrafted itself upon the new-liorii court o;
liOiiis-PhilipiK', tlial, on a certain day, when the saloon-
of the Palais-Royal were crowded with deputalions from
all parts of F'rance, an aide-<le-camp on duty was heard
to cull out with a loud voice, 77ic pentlcmen condemtied
far puHlical offcnees, and Lafayette, advancing at their
head, said to the king; " Here are the |iolitical convicts,
they are presented to you hy an nccompliee." Tin
king received ftiein with a most loiichiiig affability, ami,
•eminding several of lho.se generous citizens of llie per-
secutions which, lo his great regret, they had ex|M'ri
eneed, he promised them all the most solicitous alien
lion to their interests, and a prompt indemnification lot
their long siitl'erings. What have those promises pro.
duced ' The complaints of those brave men have told I;
lo the country ; tiieir misery repeats it every day : re-
pul.ied hy every administration, ex|)osed to the scorn ei
the sycophants of every hue that k'set tlie royally ol
the barricade.'', the ruiidmiints jmliliqvc nrc dying ci
hunger, under the eyes of Ihat monarch to whose thrnni
Ihey had served as the stepping-Btone. History wil!
have to relate that men who, during fifteen ysars, hnii
sacrificed their all t'or their country, found in it lor
Ihemselves only water and earth, after the slariuus Re.
volution of July. What a moiiiiinent of Ihe gratitudi
of kings 1
ClIAPTKR XL
Iiitliiini I' of llie Ili'viiliiiliiii lit .luly iiiiui Ihe iintiniis of Kiim|i<-
It ii-siiiiMi^ in till' tvMi lii'iiiis|ilii'ri->— Syiiiiiaitiii'H III KiikIiui i-
'I'lvo svMi'iiis iif iniiiL'ii ifiiiiy itiNlile UiH pniiiiils--.\iiii inii"i
VI iiliiiii ns iiiiiliThliHiit li> l.aiayelti-— Systi'iii ut' llie lioclnnnm-
--I 'iilisi'i|iirlii'rH.
Our Revolulion of July was the signal for the most
uniazing events of nil kinds. The nations were thrillei!
wilh joy and hope; the iles|Mts wilh t'ear and rage
The wliide world t'ell itself ini|ielled by an irrciistibl.
feeling of liberty.* Hut of till these phenoineiia tlu'
most reninrkable wos the accordance of the fKipuliir
lynipathies which burst forth t'rom every quarter in fa
vour of the Parisians. Forgetting every enuse of en
mity and rivalry with old France, nil nations witliout ev.
ptioli iiiingled their wishes liir the success of the liiiiv
cause which hud just triumphed at the barricades: ii
was as one family of nations bimiid up togelhi r, ami
ealleil upon ( ipially to participate in the iidvuntagcs of n
vast social and poliliciil renoMition.
In short, the July n volution appeared us a gift to li'
shared in by the whole human species, and liir whiih
Hie civiliseil World aekuowledged itself deeply indehtnl
to the peiqde most advanced ill civilisntiiin. Il was im
event which exiihed our ciinimon nature, and ehvalul
the elinracler of every nation. There existed not a Iv
runt in the world who did not tretiible, not a slave wli"
dill nut feel his fellers lightened, in eonteiiiphitini;
France, The Fngllsh, above all, scenied as If they coulil
set no bounds lo their enlliuiiasm. Whigs, lories, niiii
rnillcals, chureli of Knglanil iiieii, Presbyterians, Alethii-
ilisis, anil ('atholics, rich and poor, every ^eel and piirli
n the llritish soil, .idmircd us in the conibal, udinircil
after
1 |H'0|
;iiisel\
lice
' societ
impi
, Wh.
ftat piiu
^hnd,
idtizeii
tiguagi
?iit
iiiging
g^erings
«ven hy
Sid com
andeavoi
♦liicli yi
Le yo,
Mngratu
j^ory;-
-flous rev
k'iotisin
■III (lr:i^
IImtIV w
Tlitx iiri'iil t'vi'Mt Hcniiiiilt il I'vt II In lii'iln. At HpIIiI. llic llnh
i.'ii) . tilt- |H o|ili>, tiN will ti" ith' HiiiiliMi iiiitl rhitli>h itiithiinitt'k,
I'l-if liiiHnt It tiy II iiiiiiitiiliri'iil lmni|iii t, lo wlmli \\i\* mvlirit a
rniirh ntiliinilipt, M. Jiiciitii'TDont, uliu tm|>|H nifl then to >»■ In
ihum illtttini roiimntm. TIm' iDhnhiinnlH tii the Imitk^ of th*
tiliiiitfi'fl ftnuKmR hrnllhi mi iho itn'ii oi itir hnrrtriidpii. ntiH crvlnc.
I NT l.nUnjfttf ' Whal H Mil'jt'd of mediliilton for |>n||||cian5 aiil
plitluKJimoia!
i
I.Al'AYETTE AND LOUIS PHILIPPE.
13
rI tliciii was tlio finally lii
ts of the tree |X!oplt' of c
portant quui-tinn, vvliicli k1
id never bteii able to briiij
:rding government, t^iill.r
ister of marine answeru.
/ royally considered all ih,
ctly equal, and tliat it ili*
I's of iiiiirinrily or sii()<.ri.
of' eoloiir. This was nun:,
iniieli also tor the patrio'
id attempted the gradui;
nd devoted a eonsiderablt
[diilantliropic work,
tayelle was likewise to as
new antliorilies with rf
tied tor [Hilitieal otVenrr.
kid. undf-linrles X. II.
was endeavouring to dra«
subjcet ol" these noble vir
be made to justiee, bin
ineiple ot' resistance to op
the laws. Therefore, ii
riiiiiirf (iiction which liao
1 the ncw-l)orii court o:
ain day, when the saloon*
ded with deputations I'roni
•-camp on duty was heard
The pentlcmen condemned
lyette, advancing at their
are the |iolitical convicts,
ly an accomplice." 'J'ln
st touehinif affability, ami.
nerous citizens of the per-
regret, they had e.M|)<'ri
the most solicitous atten
ironipt indemniticalion for
have those promises pro.
ose brave men have told I:
repeats it every day : re-
n, e.\|)Osed to the scorn ni
that Ik'scI tlie royalty c!
s jioliliquc arc dying oi
monareli to whose thrnm
pinu-stone. History wil!
during fil^een years, liad
country, found in it tor
til, nt\er the elnr'wua He
)nunicnt of the. gratitudi
{ XI.
• ■II till' anilims of Kurope-
— r*yiii[*ailiit'w ui' KiiRliiii I-
le iliif pairtuif.--.\f>n iiitPi
f — .'*\Mlelii III' lilt' f/ur/MNtitrt-
tlie signal for the mo>i
he nations were thrillei!
wilh tear and ragr
ipelled by an irrctistilil.
II these phenomena tli<
riianei,' of the [Kipulur
rorii every quarter in fu
ni,' every cause of in
I nil nations witlinul ev
I lie success of the hoU
I ill the barricades ; ii
liiMind up tiigelhi r, ami
' ill the advdiilages of i
[lit.
iippi'ared mk a gill In I .
species, and liir whn h
•d itself dieply indeblii
civilisatiun. It was m
on nature, and elevali i
Then- I'xisli'd not a t\
retttble, not a slave wir
■ited, iti eiiiitemplatiiti;
sii'itted as if tin y couM
It. Whiles, lories, Hliti
rresbyterians, .Methn-
ir, every sect and p»rl\
ill ihu coiiilNit, admired
lelU. At IVIIil. iNi' Hull
Ion iiiiil rnuli-h niilhiirini'i,
t, In Willi it u,'iH invllC'J a
hit titi)t|M llifl then to It" in
lints nt the lisiik^ ot" thi
ihr Imrririulpn, snd crvinc,
Mitmlon fni |inlltlclin« tni
, after the victory, and prostrated themcslvcs before
le [looplc that had bc*ii able, in three days, to tree
leinselves troni eight centuries of reproiich, and to re-
ce a monarchy sprung t'rom ennquest in the infancy
society, to a simple t'orin of gnvernnient, o|M'n lo all
le improvements of the future.
Who does not renieiiiber the numerous deputations
fkat poured in from all parts of England, Seotliind, and
Scland, to congratulate the great penpb', and the great
atiicu they had placed at their head ? And what tlu'
tiguage held by those freemen >. l,et us listen li)r a mo-
?nt to I he orator of the deputation from London,
inrrinn- to the Uolcl-dc-Ville the good wishes and the
Ternig^ of that great city. "The imperfect lesson
iven bvot.r own country," said he, "you have enlargeil
I cotiipletcd. 'J'lie world owes you an immense debt
graliltide. For our parts we acknowledge, and shall
jdravour to cause lo be acknowledged, that the victory
hiih you have gained is that of human nature, and
are proud of you, who havi^ so nobly established
ights and tultilled its duties.
Bravely have you fought the fight of freedom ; nobly
£ve you used the victory ; we olTer you our sincere
ngralulalious. History "haw few pages of untarnished
Wory ; it has none more"brilliaiit than that of your glo-
ious revolulion to hand down to future ages. AFay pa
riolism there contomplale its highest duties, and liero-
ini draw theiico its subliinest hssons 1 We wish the
liertv which has been cstabli.slicd by so splendid a tri-
inpli, may Ix' perpetuated among you t'rom age lo ago;
hat under its holy auspices the reign of |H'aee and pub.
;c prosjK'rily may l)C all-powcrt'ul, and that at tlie foot of
i-ir altars we may bury every vestige of jealousy and
itnosily. We here e.tpress our .solemn conviction,
at the great cause of liberty is the great and common
;iu«' of human kind."
The enthusiasm with which the Knglish applauded
Ac courage of the Parisians did not confine itself
tOicse dctnonstratious; they wished lo put tort h a more
jceided act of adhesion to the principles for which the
Aieti of .luly had just fought and conquered. In the of.
iiees of rdl the journals, in the public otHces, in all the
ijarishes of the three kingdnms, subscriptions were oiKii-
d fiir succouring the wounded and the tamilies of the
itriots tliat had ix-rished in the three great days.
The sensation produced in the I'niled Slates by the
July revolution, was yet morn prolbund than in any
(Oilier part of the globe. No sooner had the news reaeh-
i«d New York o) the movements of I'aris, and of the
linsilion of l.afiiyelle, placed at the head of the public
force by the will of the |M-ople, than that .American city
tave itself wholly up lo the demonstrations of a deliri-
ous jov. .Vil the hells were set ringing; all the houses
•«'cre illimiintited and decked with tricoloured flags; and
n festival as brilliant, as solemn, as numerously attended,
>iis nnv of those which had la'cn held to ceh'brate the
f riumphs of .Vinerieu lierself', was prepared in honour of
the victory of I'aris. It was the siuue at Boston, I'hila-
delphia, fJaltimnrc, Uichniond, t'harlestown. New Or
leans, and tliroiigli the whole extent of the United
•Slates, which hastened to send relict', addresses, and
JdepntatiouR, to lite French isinple, to the National litiard.
•and to F.afayetle. The flag whi<'h New Orleans pre-
schtid on that occasion to lite I'arisian people, still
waves in one of the balls of the Hotel. de-Ville. The
-whole of those addresses breathed the greatest, the pti.
rest adiniratlon lor the revolution and thi^ men of July,
'iind expressed the most touching oonimunity ot feelings
IhuiI |irineiples.
J The cntlinsiasin of llic American government fell no.
WIT short of that of the American |H'ople; on the 7th
*(.f Decentlier, the I'resident of the llnileil States, in his
• iiii s.iage at the o|«'ning of congress, delivered a most
*i<|ili itilid eulogy n|Kin the heroism, the wisdom, and the
ijieiirrositv displayed by llic French [Mople in that great
*r' \'iliilioit. In congraluliiting his fl'llow-eitijens on an
«\riil so imporlanl lo the ilearest inleresis of niaii-
-lUitiil, he only lelioi'd, he said, the voice of his country.
Nothing otliiT could Is' expected from a |H'ople such as
the .\incriciin tintiiin, llian the dee|)esl syin|Hilliy for the
triumph of the sacred principles of liln'rty, obtained in
n ninnner so worthy of so noble a cause, .iiid croivneil
by <lie heroic moderation wliieli hail sanetitied the revo-
lution. " NiilicilhiiliiiiHi'if; lite ulrnng iirKiiranref" added
III', "which the man ivhom we all so justly love and ad-
mire, lias given to llie world, of his eKtceiii for the elia-
raeler of the new King of the French, a eharaetor
which, if he sustain it to the iiid, will ensure lo that
prince the high renown of a patriot king, — notivitli-
standing those assuratices, it is not in his Iriumnh, but
in that of the prral principle which has placed liiiii on
the tliione, the sovereign authority of the public will,
that the |H-ople of America rejoice."
Following our csainple, the thirst for liberty and the
love of order were manifested in every part of the con-
tinent of Fiiro|ie. Itelgium and I'oland first put tlieni-
Ives in aelion, with n force and with a wisdom, which,
until then, had never been evinccil by a people in a state
f insurrection. Italy, ashamed of her degradation,
was pliitliiii; in ev( ry direelion. Oermnny loudly claiin-
d the fiillihiii'iit oi" engagements entered into t'or the
last fillei n years. Switzerland sought to shake ofl" the
yoke of an oligarchy, republican, indeed, but insolent, as
all aristocracies ari'. Spain and Portugal waited only
fur a frii ndly hand to o|M'n the way for their resiirrrr-
liiin. In short, the interests of des|)olisin bad every
where fiillen liefore the inlcrests of I he people, and Ku-
rop<; seemed to wait only for a signal from France lo
recover its f'idl rights, suspended but not lost.
In this slate of affairs, what ought to have been th
external policy of the Kevolution of July ? That revo-
lution being consummated, did a Ktiro(iean public right
still exist ? and had not that event destroyed all the sys-
tems produced by fifteen years of improvidence and
slavery on the part of the people, of blindness and op-
pression on the part of kinijs .' In short, had not the
moment arrived for F/Uro[K' to create for itself a new po-
litical code, having for its basis, not traditions, but pre
sent necessities? History will answer; she will say
whether representative government lie, or be not, a vast
organis,nt ion which can only exist when supjwrted by
all, and whether, in aUowiitg the debasement of lilierty
among its natural allies, the government of July has not
proclaimed its own degradation, and worked its own
ruin. iVly only task is, not to seek tor what ought to
have Ihhii done, but to relate what has been done.
Inimediately alter the days of July, two systems of
external |ioliey presented themselves for adoption by
France, until the development of a fiitiirc prcgnmit witii
so many chaiiees. I must look for the motives of lhesi>
two systems, both of which the liest patriots considered
suited, but by diffi'rent means, to adapt the position ol
France to the new circumstances in which the revolu-
lion had placed her.
.\ numerous party tlioiight, wilh reason, that a mo-
narchy produced in three days by the sover< ignty of tln'
people, could not long cm'xisi with the old doctrines ol'
legitimacy, which the bile revolution had so violently
bruited in France. This party Ihotiglil that the moment
was decisive t'or the glory and srciirily of the country;
and that the interests, as well as the duties, of a nioiiar-
cliy restinir U|K)n an act destructive of the spirit and the
letter of the treaties of lt<ll and If'l.'i, were evidenlly, to
allow the ri voliitionary tnovemeiil to travel over its
whole national sphere, to sweep away, as tar as the
Rhine, the ignominy of those treaties, and from theiici
to call tiirlh an entire I'hange of flie public law of Fu-
rope, which was a work of violence, a conglomeration
of alliances against nature, and of burdens wilhoiit com
INUsation, which certainly could bind the oppressed na-
tions only so long as they should want tlu^ means of
emancipating themselves from it.
.\s to the faith of treaties, the war party replied, that
in political morality, it was a liorrilile perversion of
right, to make them an instrimient of oppression and
ruin: in proof of this, they cited all the wars which
even those who invoked the treaties had undertaken, to
gel rill of obligations they had imposed u|K)n tlicni.si'lves
What, said they, did Austria care obout all the treaties
which she concluded wilh the republic, the consulate,
and the empire / In what manner did Fngland observi
the treaty of .Amiens, Prussia those of I'reshiirg and of
Tilsit, and Kussia that same treaty of Vienna, which had
granted to heroic I'oland a seinhlanee of nationality, and
some appearance of liUrty '
'I'he war |»iirty saw no stability for the Revolulion of
July but in a eoinbinalion of analogous dislurhances,
which should destroy all the bonds of patronage and in
I'eriority established by the treaties ot IHl I and IHl.'i;
Iri'atics by virtue of which Prussia rules from Tliion.
villi' to Memel, Austria from lite Lake of C'onstance to
the gates of Ilelgrade, and from the Tatiaro to the fron-
tiers of Turkey ; and, which is lar more alarming to the
civilisation of Kiirope, by virtue of which a scitii-barba-
roils empire has established itself ii|Kin the Oder, from
wheni'<' it menaci s the Kllie, the Weser, and the Rhine,
In line, lite war party wished thai the balance of I'm-
rope should ln' restored, not by the tearing asunder ol
stales, but by « just return to the principle of natural
natiiiiiulity ; and it did not think that lite monarchy of
July was luiund to ratify lite spoliation of l/nndaii, of
Stirrc.lioiiis, of Philippcville, ol ('liaiiiliery, of Iliinin-
guen, lie; in its opinion France oiij;lit to make lierself
as strong by her allianci s as by her own weight ; and
it beheld her allies not in the great powers, liut in Hie
slates of the second order, which frniii the war of the
Ri'forinntion she had litken under her protection; in the
Poles, the Helgians, the Swedes, the Danes, the iiide-
|iciident meinlsrs of tlie (jerinanie tiimily, the lice men
of every entintry. To eoitcltidi' ; this party, ricolh cling
wilh pride that h'rance bad at all tiiin s tiniled her cause
wilh that of weak and oppressed nations; that, though
('alholie herself, she had undert;ikcn the ilet'eticc of pro-
testantism; that although an absolute motiarehy she
had fought for a republican itistirreetion ; demanded
loudly that her popular doctrines should now he convoy-
ed lo lite Rhine, to the Pyrenees, to the other side of the
Al|)8, and that there presenting herself either to a.ssist
or arbitrate, she should guarantee to those nations that
wished lo be free, the right of becoming so, and to
those, if such are to be found, who [irel'er absolute
power, the liberty to keep it ; fiir whatever shadeji of
opinion they may individually entertain, the true men of
July do no more pretend to the right of contending
against the fanaticism of slavery than they admit that of
atl.acking the enthusiasm of lilK'rIy.
Such was the first system of external policy which
the most ardent friends of the Revolulion of I8.I0 called
t'or with all their wishes. Would it have procured the
results they antiiipated ' I know not; hut what 1 do
know i.s, that the overturning of the most aneieni
throne in Ktirope, the iiiiex|H'Ctcd return of F/Ugland to
ideas lilK'ral beyond expectation, the resurrection of llel-
gitini, the wondirfiil coiiibat-s of Poland, the convulsions
of Italy, the movenients in Switzerland, the commotions
in tJeniiany, and even the patriotic reniiniseencea of
pain, seemed to annoimce that tJie time had arrived for
the complete restoration of French liberty, and (or the
emancipation of all lOurope.
Enthtisiasin, however, even that of lilierty, has its vi-
cissitudes, human natiiic its rights, war its chances, and
fortune its turns ; and U|K)I1 these turns night depend,
in the opinion of a great number of excellent patriots,
the fate of France and the coming destinies of KtiroiH^
Victory was promised to new-born liberty ; but, after all,
the revolution might lie vanquished : and can one con-
ceive what that bgitimacy in its Iriiimnh would have
brought us back, which even on the brink of destruction
.so insolently denies ns even a seniblanee of liberty ?
This apprehension, togilhcr wilh the cor.sidiration of
the evils and sacrifices which even the most just of wars
must necessarily occasion, made it a duly, uii the part
of many worthy citizens, lo find out whether some other
means did not exist, besides having recourse to arms, to
consoliilatc the Revolulion of July, and secure lo the
great national iKidies which that revoltition had aroused,
the power of acting with entire freedom. Kverv body
certainly felt, that U|)on the fiite of the Helgian, Volish,
and Italian revolutions, the fate of the sicond French
revolution might nllimately depend; but everybody also
knew, that in order to enable those nations lo accom-
plish by themselves the great work of their regeneration,
it was suthcient, es|H'cially in the first impulse of Ihiir
rcinrrection, simply to secure lo llieiii Ihr t'rie develop
mint of their own strengtli.
Such were the opinions which, in the first davs that
followed the Revolution of July, gained over lo these two
systems of war and peace citizens eipially devoted to the
interests of France and the lilierty of Kurope : on one
side, patriots demanding an attack, sudden, spontaicous,
iiii|H'tiious as the revolulion itself; on lite other, als.i pa-
triots who, thinking lliiit sufficient coiiritge had signa.
lised this revolutioti to make all ftirlhcr liliMidsInd <iiine-
cessary, prelirred to the ehancc't of battles a definile,
strict, and inflexible sysh tii of non-intervenlion.
I.afayctle was of the Inlter opinion. Was he in llie
right or in the wrong ' Persons may differ upon this
quiKtion. We may, however, be |ii'rniitti'd lo believe,
that if instead of eirciimscriliing the sysleni of noti.intcr-
veiiliott to an absurd degree; instead of allowing it lo be
framed in accordance with every ealculntion of itionar-
1 Ideal iniquity; instead of |H'rvcrliiig it, by inlerpreta-
liottn the iiiosi insolently Jesuitical ; it had Iscn main-
tained, and, if neeessary, had iM'cn defended by an armed
force, in all its rigour; such, in short, as it had Is'^n ap-
proved by l.afayelte; I'oland, Helgiiiiit, and Italy, would
now have shaken olVthe yoke which tramplex ii|i<in their
rights and threatens our own. And that was not a syg-
Irm so unheard of as is pretended. Thirty years liofore,
Fox, (irey, and Drskitte, had laid its fnmuint ion, in de-
manding till' non-inlervenlioii of the |i<iwers in the af-
fairs of other countries, and in dci taring that such non
inlervenlioii would lie snlVtcieiil to miiKc lihcrty iK'ar
!
14
LAFAYETTK AND LOI'IS PIIIMPPE,
a
f'
i;
•i;
ii
II
natural fruits, not only in France, but llirou^liout the
continent of Europ<'. Nnw, tlint wliicli wiis nlioudy
possible in 17;li, why should it no longer be so in 1^31) /
Upon the whole : non-intervention, taking the wnrii in
its Blrictest acceptition; or war, with all its ehances, oil
its consequences; such wus, in tlic tirst days of the July
revolution, the policy of Lafayette, as well as that ol
some of the members of the first cabinet of Louis
Philippe.
Here are some factn, which will prove how tlie crown
and itn advisers themselves professed to understand that
system, so long as their conduct was fjovcrned by revo-
lutionary iuriuence. I iiilentioiuilly select my aulhori-
ties Irom a period when the royalty of July hud already
begun to abjure its principles.
On the 20th of December, the head of the ministry of
the 3d of November said from the tribune: —
"Franv,c will not permit tlic principle of non-interven-
tion to be violated ; but she will also endeavour to pre.
vent the endangering of peace, if it run lie pirsfnud;
and if war become unavoidable, it mus^t be proved in tlie
face of the world, that we have only made it because we
have been placed between the alternative of war or the
abandonment of our principles.
" We shall therefore continue to negotiate, but while
negotiating we shall arm.
" In a very short time, gentlemen, we shall have, be-
sides our fortresses provisioned and defended, .^UOiOUII
men ready for the field, well armed, well organisid, well
commanded; a million of national guards will support
them ; and the king, should it be necessary, will place
himself at tlie head of the nation.
" We will niarcli in close order, strong in our good
right and the power of our principles. If the tem])est
should burst at the sight of our three colours, and he.
come our auxiliary, so much the worse for those who
shall have unloosed it ; we shidi not bo accountable for it
to the world."
Here we ace plainly described the system of non-iiiter.
vention, such as it was accepted by the new dynasty.
What was its object ! I again let the ininistcrB of tliis
dynasty c.\press themselves.
"The object of the Holy Alliance," said iM. Lalllllr,
" was, to stifle, by coinmon etl'orts, the liberty of the peo-
ple, wherever it might show itself; the new principle
proclaimed by France has necessarily been, to allow
liberty to untold itself in every place where it shall have
naturally spriing up. The principle of non-intcrvrntioii
has the tw.vfold object of making liberty rcspicteil
every where, without hastening its coming in any pla<'e;
because it is only good where it is a natural production;
because e.tperience hos proved that in every country,
liberty brought by the foriigner ia as fatal a present a»
despotism itself. No more intervention of any kind —
such his been the system of France. It has the advan-
tage of securing our own inde|iendcnce, as well as that
of the countries recently emancipated."
However, the proclaiming of a principle is nothing;
its application is every thing. Now, to what has tlie
principle of non-intervention been applied by the iiioiiar-
cliy ot .luly ? Has it been applied to Italy, wlileh llie
Austrians have enlered in spite of us, and whence they
have only departed, a first time, aller erusliiiig that liber-
ty which the King of the French wisheil to see viifnltl
itself in teery /ilace, where U slioultl hare tintnrally
iprung Uji f has it Ixen applied lo I'oland? Has it
even bijen applied to Ilelgiuni, in the afl'airs iif which
the permanent action of the London conference has ixer-
cised for eighteen months the most direct ot inliTven-
lions ? Assuredly not : lor even if the game at soldiers,
tliat we went to play on th' banks of the Scheldt, were
to be considered as a consequence of the principle of
non-intervention, which would be a diirienlt matter, his.
tory would still demand an aecouni of the abandonment
of the I'oles, who were, with respect to Ihc C'/.ar, in ex-
actly the same situation as the l)<'l;r|ans were towards
William. I'oslerily will say, u|Hm this melanch<ily sub-
ject, that .Nicholas dircd lo insult the royally of Ihc bar-
ricadcs, and that this first cry of a barbarian fro7.o the
courage of the F'runcc of July.
If 1 interrngatr mori^ rceeni recolleetionR, 1 find in
them proofs of a deception, or of a blindness, Isyond all
comparison. At the opening of the present session, the
Crown still guaranteed to the papal territoties, « mil
amne.ili/, the ninilUinn of ron/inraUon, and pdHilire mr-
linralioni i.i thr nilniinistrdlire iinil jnitirial iirlrr.
Well I what realily is lliere in this real iimncsty ? The
prisons of Venice delivering up to ihediingeoiiH of INIilan
the patriots whom France has not Is'en able (o carry oil'
(Vom some Austrian pirates; civil war oguin ravaging
the Cumpagiia ; the pillnginj of Scscna, women, children,
and old men murdered by regiments of banditti, under
the baimeis of the Ocs, :uid a tribunal of blood revived
from the barbarism of the middle ngts. What reality
there is in the inde]K>ndenee proniiM d to eciitrt 1 Italy,
consists in the arms and the intrigut^ of Ausliia inces-
santly tending to the dominion of the whole of the penin-
sula.
S]icaking of Belgium, Iiouis Philippe snid, "The for-
tresses raised In order to overawe I'rancc shall be demo,
lished." They are ttill enfiie.
" The nniiuiiolil)/ nf t'nUiiid shni! not pnisli." .\las 1
what has become of the iiationalily of a ningnriniiiious
people, whose fate it is lo be biitcliercd every quarter oC
a century through the eowardi(C of Kurope ' S<e that
race of heroes ili liverrd up to the sword of its tyiaiits ;
the deserts of Siberia peopled with those men to whom
posterity will erect nltars; the few remains of these
brave men asking on hospit.lity which a timid [vjicy
scarcely ventures to grant them ; interrr gnle that (jniet
of the grave, that silence of deatli which reigns over the
heroic country Poland is no more — the Ilnssian
alone is seated in the dwelling-place of the great people !
Such arc the cnnvcqucnces of the abaiulonmeiil of the
principle of non-intervention constantly iiivohed by La-
I'ayetle. Instead of protecting our friends, the royalty
of July has perniilled their degradation, in eeiilenipt ol
its most solemn promises; instead of providiiiy iisell
beforehand with inenns of attacii and delciiee, it awaits
ihe enemy wilhin its walls; and while it is as evident
as the sun at nixiiiday. that the a^isolutc monarchies are
leaguing together, tiiis royally, sprung lioin a revolu-
tion, disown* its natural au.xilKiries, and finds a pleasure
in exehaiining all uur recolieclions of glorv and power
lor an aljecl Mibinis^ion. I hnow not \>ilh what Ihii
name it dieorales iis policy; but that which U reserved
I'or it by hl.sti.'ry, I do kiiou.
" Dul," we arc told, "peace is ensnrcil, and soon a
i;ciiei'al ili.-anniiig will crown the syslrni of Ihe Cabinet
f the IJtIi of i^larl•ll, v.liich jieaee and whicli disarm-
nig will give a (losiiivc coiitradleliuii lo Ihe pieaclier.-
il war. Anay then with all llioso unccrlaiiilies, all
tiosc allernulivcs of eahii and slorin, which froze all
hearls, ami struck Franco as with an interJict. The
lad is ccrluin : it was liil-e that tlii^ Kevululinii of July
oiiijht lo seek for ils truniipli in idenliiyhig Fiench iii-
li'iesls with Ihe ink rests of every piople among «huni
llio volcano had cast Ihc brands of luicrly ! liehold,
ihoso iiaiioiis who, liillorting onr exaniiile, had n.'Cii li;
reionquer liitir country, tlieir name, tin ir eusloms,
llieir disllngiiibhliig fenluics. and laws suited to their
nature, aie again bending under the yoke : in Poland, a
policy of reaclion, viiidiclue and barbarou", has destroy-
ed even Ihe last clemcnls of that nalionalily Hliich the
word of the King of Ihe I'renili had guaranlied in the
liico of the world; It.ily, deijinaled by a prii-st, is slid a
prey to all the calaiiiilies ot' civil war, and of a double
lciu.ign intervention; Hilgioni i->siill in a constrained
and liilse position. New convulsions are preparing in
Spain and in rortugal. Switzerland is dismembering
ilM'll'; every where national independence, per.-oiial se-
euiily, and tho progress of civilisation, are menaced;
ill short, every thing in Kuropc clashes, without com-
billing; and yet the ralilir aliens of the 21 articles are
exchanged, peace is no longer doublfnl, the royally ol
July has beeonic one of the family ol legiiimate nioiiar-
cliies, the jusli-miiieu Iriuinplis, and peace will be
niainlaiiicd: such are tho practical resullsof tliat diplo-
macy, so inaciive, so expecting, so cowardly, which, in
Iho midst of the rapid inovemeiits that carry Fuiope
along, seeniod, yon said, to have struck dniiih that
noble F'raiice of July, which, in your opinion, could
only reconquer ils acknowledged picponileranec by
sliowinjf ilsell' resohed lo brave every peril, and giviiii;
to the world a grand idea of ils delerminalion and ils
courage. W ell, this idea lias been exehuiiged tiir a pa-
lent of slavery ; the manly garmenl Ins been stripped
ort'liT the swaihlliiiL' ilnlhesof the Holy Alliance; that
charaeler nf Iho lievoluliou of July which ouL'hl to have
prcdominnted in every possible situation, Ihe ascendancy
of reason iirincd, of ftirco in the hands of libcriy, wbiili
she ought to have I'xercised in the councils of Ivirope,
have been oxclianged for the shanin and ihe injury of n
royal embrace; yet peace is ensured. What have you
-till lo urge? Takn our words lor it, and bo silent."
i'lins argue Ihe doctlinnirrii.
Ho it so: the spirit of war is laid i the execution of
ihe IwcnIy-four ailielos is guaranlied by all the pow-
ers ; llollatid herself is compelled lo BUhinit lo all the
slipulutioiiB of this Iroaly; she recoguisos King Loo.
pold, and rsceives the crsdantials of an ambassador lo
I'.er court : Russia withdraws from Poland a part of ihf
regiments that rover its icrri'ory; ir u^t, the peace
niirnpe is deliniliiely settled U|>on lh,-,e ba-^es. Lri
us receive all tliese circuinslanees as certain facts, and
a'so admit that a disarming, which Ihc difiertnice ni"
the niiiil iry systems of Europe will always render dt.
lusive, should ctown iIiIh peaie, and fix the dlfTercnt
eolioiifl of the continent i:i the precarious, false, and
niinoiis po>ili'jn,in which they find themselves, as wc'l
l( wards each other, as Inwards their rcspcclive govern,
nieots. Now, is there a man of sense and foresight
who can bclioein the diiralion of this monstrous re.
orf;anisntion. and not be ecnviined that such a stale nf
iMiigs is necessarily pregnant wilh new and approach-
ing convulsions ?
'Ibis puerile belief, which fonie superficial but honosi
obsoivers enlcrtain, with respect lo ihe continuation of
Ibis peace, is lliu result of a serious error, too ol'icn
(nunti'iiani cd by the false prepossessions of iho friend!
nl liberty themselves. .Alter Ihe Revolution of July,
the p.iils have been inverted, by asserting that France
'lord in need nf peace, and that foreign governmeiils
wished to make upon ber an imniedialc war; and the
government has dexterously cnltivuled that opinion, in
order lo lake to itself tlin nierit of a dilTioolly over-
cmiie. Hence, the arguments drawn from tlio dismcni.
bcrinent of the army, and from the relative inferiority
of our military force; hence, the explanation of all the
>haini fill com essions and all tho diplomatic cowardice
which iinniinent necessity has been said lo have im|xi9-
ed upon us; hence, in fine, the alleged impossibility of
saving P.'land and llalv.
Ilonever, tho plainest common scnso is sufficient lo
dispo <e of these liilso arguments. Mow, indeed, can it
I'c Mipposed. after the events of July, that Prussia, Aus-
tria, Russia, and S|iain, (lOiigland was out of iho ques-
tion,) were so blind as lo wisli loallack France, arous-
ed by an iiniiiense revolution, and encircled by nations
in a st.ile of iiisurreelion ? How was a coalition to be
briiiigbt tooclher agiiiii, already cut asunder by tho ris.
iiig in mil sc of nelgiiiin, Poland, Italy, and some of
t!u' (leriiKiii provinces? Was it not evident that befors
ihe liliinc. ihe Alps, ami the Pyrenees could be threal-
eiieJ, the II.. ly .Mlianco must liave waited the result of
several campaigns U|)on the Vistula, the Elbe, the
liliiiie, the Po, and the Ebro? And whatever was the
state of our army, bad not Franco all tho necessary
tipie, had she not, above all, moic elements than she
required, to organise herself in a formidable manner in
1 he rear of the iiireign p.ipnlalions, fighting for u cause
lliat was llieir nwn I Is the levohilionary impulse for.
uoilen, which i:i one month would have thrown upon
ihe frontiers all tlinse classes which the days of July
hid lakin fiom their uccupnlions? Are the Ihirty lliou-
sand volunteers liirijollcn wilh whom, in a fortnight,
lb'' ciiy of Palis, ahmo, had filled up tho ranks of the
army? In line, aio the triumphs of 17;i2 forgotten,
that were gained with means so inferior to the physical
and moral resources which tho situation of I83U atford-
ed ? Now, as then. Fiance was a soldier; but now,
iiioru than then, she had tiir her inseparable comrade
the people of Europe; and her cause, in ihe eyes of all,
was tt revolution free from the terrors and excesses that
had perverted the original character of the former one.
It was then, as I have alro.idy said, fur Europe lo
ask for peace, and it belonged to us to ascertain if it
was our well under lood inlerosl to grant it. The most
^kill'ul calculation nf tho policy of the cabinets was lo
allay the storiii which might overwhelm them, while nf.
leeling lo do us the llivoiir of abstaining from war; the
most inconeiMvablo t'utiy of our goTcrnniont has been,
lo allow the kind's to recover from their stupor, the na.
liuiis to lose their hopes, and to roiluce Ihe honour of its
di|iloiiiaey to avoiding a conflict which its enemies
inillier wished nor were able to undertake. In short,
that ihe lioAour of France, her roputalion, her promise
to the nations, shonid have been considered as nothing
by Ibe royolty of July, I can comprehend • it is not the
first lii>e that private iiiterosts have prevailed over the
great liilcresl nf the country. Hut who can help feel-
ini;, that the despotisms that live iii each other's exist-
ence, not having all abdicated wilh Charles X.. could
not tiirglvo the Kevolution of July, but must wail toat-
lack it, until time and uur internal discords slinuld
have deprivcil it of all it |iossessed that was ardent,
amiiitiniis, popular, and formidable In tyranny ?
Our slatesmen h.avo solicitously brought about this
deplorable result ; they have reiluccd France to the state
in which the foreigners wished her to be. FVar has de-
prived these i«/(i men of their cxperi«nce; sslfiahneM hai
s
LAFAYITTTE AND LOUIS PlIIMPPK.
15
from Polnr.-i a part of ibt
i'ory; ir \.>rt, the pcafc
led ii|)oii tM.-.i" base?. Lpi
incos as ccrlain facts, and
;, which llie ditrcrtiiicc of
pe will always render dt.
'aip, and fix the difTcrent
llic prccarions:, false, and
■y find Iheinselvos, as we'l
is tlicir rcspcclivo govern,
ill of Kcnse and fnresifrht
iim of this nion!<trotis re.
■irii ed tliat siitli a state m"
I Willi new and approach.
ome superficial but honosi
ect to the continuation of
I serious error, too ollcn
possessions of llio friends
• the Revolution of July,
by as«erlinjf that France
bat foreign goverimients
iNinicdialc war; and the
:uUivatPd that opinion, in
ncrit of a dilTitijlly over-
drawn from lliO disincni-
ni the relative inferiority
the oxplaiiatiou of all the
tlio diplomatic cowardice
I beeni^aid to have im|)os.
lu alleged impossibility of
not! sense is sufficient to
its. How, indeed, can it
f July, that Prussia, Aus-
laiid was out of the ques-
loallack France, urous-
aiid eijcircled by nations
low was a coalition to be
y cut asunder by the ris.
ilaiid, Italy, and some of
it not evident that before
'yicnees could be lliruat-
liave waited the result of
Vistula, the Elbe, the
And wliatcvcr was the
rani.e all llio necessary
le elements than slia
formidiiblc uiaiiiicr in
s, fi;.'htiii(; for a cause
liitioiiary impulso for-
Id liavc thrown upon
licli the days of July
? Aio the thirty thou-
vliom, ill a fortnight,
led up the ranks of the
:)li» of 17i)a forgotten,
inferior to the physical
tuationoflSaUallbrd-
I a i^oldier; but now,
r inseparable comrade
use, in the eyes of all,
•rors and excesses that
•Icr of the Ibrmer one.
dy said, for F.urops to
to us to ascertain if it
to grant it. The most
of the cabinets wus lo
rwhelm thoin, while nf.
staining from war; the
povcriiniont liaa been,
m their stupor, the na-
oduce the honour of its
ut which Its enemies
undertake. In short,
eputation, her promise
considered as nothing
iprehonil • it is not the
lave prevailed over the
tut who can help feeU
n in each other's nxisl.
ivith Charles X., could
Vi Ijut must wait to at.
ernal dincords should
sed that was ardent,
n to tyranny I
ly brought about this
:ed France to the state
r to be. Pear has de-
rience ; lelfishnen hat
'volu
tjoncealcd thoir countrv from their cyf-s ; and tlie losscms
if the past have been lost upon tlicin. Indnd, tin' cmi-
fcmplation of the past should, at least, li:ive rcinindid
Biein of the similarity of situation which csi. I'd botwicii
France under the Directory and France under I,ouis
Philippe. .'Vt Campo Formio and at Rastadt, the Dircc-
%)ry also made peace with the whole cmitincnl, and
iolemnly renounced all spirit of political prosclytisin.
Jut what ensued, a vcar after the conclusion ot' those
treaties t A general war again broke out in Europe.
After the battles of Zurich and iMarcngo, the coalition,
tore severely wounded, took three years to re-establish
lelf; but it did so at last, and then again a general war
nsued ; and history will, perhaps, one day relate, that
ytanco fought as necessarily I'or the principles of 17b I
it Austerlitz and at Wsgram as at Jeininapcs and ut
JPleurus.
•'■ The peace in which the ministry of the 1.3tli of .Marcli
Jlorics, a peace quite novel in history, is a contradiction
jivcn to the understanding and to tlie facts of which
file whole European policy is composed — all the olili-
jrations on one side, and none on the other. Now, what
•an arise from such a state of things, un' ~s it be, the
Ihrstcms remaining the same as that whir!, lias risultcrl
Irom analogous situations 7 In short, the r.ialilion, dis-
Jointed in its organisation, wounded in its vital principle
\y the Revolution of July, has taken up again its first
JKjsition, and a war against France is evidently no longer
or onr enemies any thing but a question of time and
ipportunity ; the moral power of the revolution once ex-
inguished, it then only becomes for them a game at
«hcss, which probably may not be wanting in new
treacheries and purchased triumphs. And if these me-
lancholy forebodings should be realised, what strength,
•inrhat prudence would be able to secure the direction of
♦vents, and ensure a stay for the tottering throne that
lias sillily courted the storm .' Will it not then be iie-
tessarv to call up the sympathies of July to aid the cou-
rage (if our soldiers? It will be necessary, let us not
idoubt; for, with the n:»lion as on auxiliary, another
\Vaterloo would only cost us the loss of a buttle, but
deduced to an army alone to defeiiil the Revolution, one
«lisistrouB combat might cost us an empire. Kut what
^hall re-awaken that impulse of the popular masses ' 'I'Ik
f dangers of the country .' I think they will. lint to coii-
frcMt at present those dangers, 1 see imly a governinrnl
' reduced to wretched sliiHs, and a throne commaiidini'
. neither eonfidciiee nor res|iect.
I acknowledge it, my patriotic blood boils nt the idr-n
of the (Inctiiiiiiirts calling to their assistance the men
who bled tor liberty. They wouhl dare to do so ; for scveii-
feen years of tergiversation have proved thai they dare
do any thing. Hut the deep leeling of disaffection and
contempt that would burst out uiiioug all classes of the
." nation against them, ofwli.it use would it be to the mo-
nirchy of the barricades > This is a question of interest
, for the monarchy to examine beforehand. It would pro-
'■ mise to return to belter principles, and lo more lionrst
men: Louis XVlll. and Bonaparte in 18l."),t"harles X. in
1830, also promised it: what became of r.oiiis XN'III.,
Bonaparte, and Charles X. ? Yet Bonaparte had glory
fj in his favour; Jiouis XVIII. and Charles X. had in llieir
T favour eight centuries of traditions and rceolleclions.
,' But deprive I.ouis Philippe of the popular majesty, and
^ he is nothing. Seriously speaking, what authority
' would a handful of obscure dnrlri)iiiiirn possess to up-
hold the work of the (Kople, if the (icople withdrew from
them f From all that frame work of |)ower take away
Z the Revolution, and lo.inorrow, you who benefit by tluil
J Revolution will not possess a crown piece, nor a soldier,
CHAPTER XI r.
Cntinunlionnrilicpri'Ci'diiii!— N'oiiliinilnn oftlinniTi'?«iim ofLoais
[ PhlllpiH'— In»oIein-o (irihe l-'miw rr Nicliolau ami or tlie [liittcol
; Modi'ii I— LafayUi'iri li'»r ■! tiloris wiiliiuii iliitlninnev— Soinrol'
lli'< rnlMiM>iit-f nil a lUpInniaiii' aifeiii lo titiii ih'isoiibIIv — lli^ intn-
viow Willi that 111,'riii— lliss\t<icin nftK^i liui'rvi'iinoii ilcvi'lopcil
Such, at the close of the Revolution of lft.30, was tin
general disposition of men's minds relative to the ques-
tion of peace or war. Already the royally of the barri-
cades floated in uncertaiutv iH'twecn iis iiicliiiatiou lor u
repose without socurilv, without glory, and its apprehen-
sions of a conflict which might carry it uwav, if it al-
lowed its enemies to be first in the field — on the one side,
inaction and the stigma attaching to the treaties of
Vienna and Paris, but along witli it the ex|ieetalioii of a
bill of indemnity and a iiionarehieal adoption ; on tin
other, the lire of iiisurrectien to Iw kindled throughout
the Euroiwan continent, the chances of war to be run,
but also tlie complete emancipation of France, the re-
newal of all her glories, and the certain cvtension o!
freedom to all KurojM'.
Tlie eiti/.in royalty would not comprehend that, inde-
pendently i.f the necessity of entitling itself to the grati-
'ude and esteem of the people, there existi'd aiiotlur iie-
itv tVoiu wliieli no new dyna.sty had ever escaped —
that of a baptism of glory and blood. Sprung from un-
der the pf>[)ular cannon, this royally preferred endeavour-
ing to consolidate itself by slavery to entering boldly
into the tradilional system of its uneieut alliances.
However, leaving ajiart the question of principles and
their propagation, the extjrn.il policy of this government,
dcb.iscd from its Ijirtli, was cvtreiuely simple. Properly
spiMkiu;:, what was the quc:jlion >. One of territory. In
fact, while France, aller carrying her arms into every
capital, liud seen iier.self despoiled even of possessions
wnicli she ac,]uired from ICH to 17« I, and for which, he
it observed, she had given su[.erabuiid,int compensation,
liir enemies had immoderately extended their territories.
.\ustria, for example, had aggrandised and <'stablished
herself at tlie same time in tiermany, Poland, Turkey,
and Italy ; she had acquired great faeililies of inland
navigatiiui, sea-ports, and a maritime commerce; Prus-
sia, but lately a third-rate power, had ra]iidly advanced
herself to the rank of a preponderating one, by parcels of
territory conquered from all the adjoining states, from the
.Niemen to Tliionville ; Russia, which could scarcely be
said to exist when France wa.s the first power intlie woi Id,
had extended herself at every point of her immense eir-
eumferenee, and by the necessary consequence of a pro-
gressive system of invasion, as well as by the polity of
her family alliances, had reduced the West to such a
condition that it could only go to war by herinipuh
continue at peace by her periiiission. I do not speak of
England — every one knows how ninny rich dominions
ami important military posilions she acquired in the
European and Aiiatie seas, by the treaty which disin-
herited France. The Ionian Islands, the Isle of France,
and the Cape of (Jood Hope, are among the acquisitions
with which Hritish disiutereslediiess coiilented itself.
Such then was tlie relative litualinii of France towarils
the foreign powirs, win ii tJio revolution ol'Julv siidutnlv
displact d all the elements of the public law ol' Europe.
Now, rediieiiig the quesliun to the sole interest of France,
and leaving apart all eommiiiiily of priiiciphs, of wants
and syiiiii:ilhies, there still remained I'or a national
government the imperativeduly of claiming the iVonticis
necessary f'or the deliiuee of the coiinlry. Let us no
longer hear of the terrors that were still inspind by the
convulsions of llie Republic and the glorious days of the
Empire.
The Republic had not been able to conquer pence for
herself except by (onqiiering liberty for olhir.-, and her
treaties sullUieiitly attest her justice and i in prudent gem-,
rosily arter victory. As to the Empire's making and
unmaking kings at the willofa Ibrtunale soldier; il was
not I'rance; it was the army of lionaparte, unfaithful to
the Ifevolulion, and returning with all spied to the ohl
luonareliical sysl'-m ; and besides, history will perhaps
attest, tli.it if the Empire overran Europe, it was called
upon to do so by the coalitions dating their origin t'ruiii
17M.
lint lihcr.ilism and its propagation apart, if was the
husiness of the governmeiil of July to provide for our
I'liliiii: Mcurity and restore that balance which a degene-
rate and dastardly power had allowed to he destroyed
In tliisri speet the Revolution of 1^3ll might become, even
ill unskilful hands, the guarantee of our iialioiial iiidepen-
denee. The elected royalty has made of it uu rely a con-
vulsion like those which disgraced tin' last ages of the
Roman empire. It was not wished, it is said, toendanger
the peace of Europe. Hut you li.ive degraded the exist-
1 nee and the majesty of the lievoUition whiili made yon.
Your indecision, your cowardice, and your iiieapaeily,
have exhausted the courage and patriotic finunef s of the
nations, stillid the ri'volnlionary impulse in IViinee, and
i>iiidled ag,iiiist you the anger of all free men. Well I
think yon that liy those means you have allayed the
storm' tliinU you that your illegitiiiiaey is tliciefiire
either more or le.-s under the ban of the old inonnreliies '
Vcs, I'or II \\v. moMlhs, perhaps a few years; hut wlinl
,ire these innulhs, these years, what are you, compared
with tlieexisleiieeol'Fraiici Heboid Poland unniliilated;
the barrier betwei'U barbarism and civilisation broken
down ; Russia ready to dismember Prussia by selling
upon her Poli-li territories; and the North nt liberty to
rush upon the South ; behold the fruits of your genius,
and venture to ealeiilate how much hlondsheil will oni'
day be necessary to siiali h niutil.ited J'urope from tin
hands of the despot who saluted your aceessions with an
in.sull,
However, the first measure of external policy taken by
the ministry of I.ouis Philippe, was the notification to
foreign courts of the accession of that prince to the tiirone
of France. lOiiL'land was the first to recognise the new
king; the adhesion of Austria, of Prussia, and the sc
eondary Cerman stales, followed pretty closely that of
the cabinet of St. J^inies's; .<paiii postponi'd her answer,
and pnhlished a circular as iiisiilfiiig lotlie new luonarcli
as to the n.ition that had cljosen limi; the petty prince
of Modeiia insolently protested agaiiicl the iinuiiiiition ;
in fine, it was only after repeated dilays and strung
solicitations, tiiat -M. Athalin obtainecl from the Emperor
Nicholas the extraordinary answer which the autocrat
condescended to give to the letter, though a very humble
one, that h,id been addressed lo him by the King of the
French, It will be recolleeled in what terms this over-
ture was conceived, in which by an iucredilile forgetful-
iiess of the national dignity, the cabinet of tlio Palais-
Royal gave the appellation o'i cutdslnqilif to the glorious
events that had just placed the crown upon the head of
the Duke of Orleans. This humiliation received its pun-
i^linient in the answer of the Czar, which I here insert as
the historical document best calculated lo show to what
dejrree the monarchy of July has allowed itself to be
insulted.
I.F.TTEH from the CAnlNTT of II. M. the ElU'EaOR OF ALL
Tin; Ki'ssiAs to ii, m. the king of tiif. krexcii, uatco
ZARSK0E-SK1.0, IIIE l^Tll OF SEI'TE.MBEIi, 1^30.
" I have received from the hands of (Jeneral Athalin,
llie letter of which he was the bearer. Events, ever /ote
tlipliired^ have placed your majesty in a cruel diUmima.
Von h.ave taken u determination wiiicli appeared to you
the only one calculated to save France iVoiu the greatest .
calamities, and 1 will not pronounce upon the considera-
tions by which your majesty has been guided, but I ofl'er
my prayers that it may iilease Divine r'rovideuce to bless
voiir infinlions and the eH'orts that \« u are about to
iiake for the happiness of the French people. In concert
with my allies, 1 receive with pleasure the desire which
your majesty has expressed to niaintain relations of
peace and amity with all the states of Europe, .0 limg at
iht'i) sliiiit be l.iiscd iii»iii llic tzisliiip litiiliis, and in llie
firm diirniiiiiiiliDii Id rtn/iid IIic nalils aiid the oiilipa-
liom, (i.v ivrll as llie sinle tif Hriiltiiiul iio.isesiiion, winch
ihii) Itavi' saiictioiiftl. Eurepe « ill llierein find a security
.'or peace, so necessary to the repose of France her,self.
Called ujion, eoujoinlly with my allies, to cnllivate with
France, under her governinciit, tlioe conservative rcla-
lioiis, 1, liir my part, shall do so with all the solicitude
they require, niidwith the dispositions ofWhicli I am de.
sirons to a.ssure your majesty in return for the senti-
ments you have expressed to uie, I request your mB>
jesty at the same time to accept, &c. iVc.
" Nicholas."
What unworthy language, then, had been employed in
the nanie of Franc-e '
liefore tlii^ battle of Deiiuin, when the fate of liiscrown
depended upon the chances of tliu day, Iiouis XIV. wrote
to Villars:
" If you nre beaten, I wil! go through Paris with
the slianu f'lil proposals of our enemies in my hand. And
the Freiii'li nation will liillow iiie ; we will hurvourselvct
together under the ruins of the monarchy."
That king was at hast acipininted with his country.
This letter, however, caused much uneasiness at the
Palais-Royal. The absence of the appellation of My
Ihnllici; which hud In ■ o lavishly used in the untogra-
pliic notification, was, aimve all, considered with dread,
us a |)osilive di iiial of the right confiTred by the will of
the [leople at the issue of tin' ciiIudIioiiIic. They pcr-
ci ived that they had viry probably knelt to the eartii to
no purpose, and that ul'ier all, il would be necessmy
lo have recourse lo popular sympathy against the dis.
ali'eetioii of the legitimatists. They returned, and for a
while fiillowcd up the idea already adopted (as I will
shortly prove,) of taking into iieeouiit the sympathies ond
antipathies of the nations, and secretly urging the pro-
fiagaliou of liberal opinions, while osteiisihiy the mo-
nareliy should contiiiue to deny itself, by blaming every
revolution iinulogoiis to that from which it had sprung,
and by uskiiig mercy for the grand week, and mercy lor
the great people.
Il is iiecessary, in order to appreciate the men who
still direct the policy of France, us well ns to understand
our prtwent real situation, to follow up with attention all
the proof's which establish the duplicity of this policy
lowanls the nations and the kings, towards France and
llie foreigner. History alVords few examples so forcible
liir the study ofdoclriiiariKine.
The Belgie revolution, which I.ufuyetle called the eld.
10
LAFAYETrR AND LOI'lS PIIIMPPE.
h.
1 ■•
n
r'
U
lirsl ilau(;hler of our own, was, il may be said, the firBl
loiic'listoiiu that rrents aiipliucl to tlie hesitating and ili-
latory |H)li<y ol' llic I'aluis-Koyul. It was |)articularly
with rcjrard to the rc'Hp<ctivc' situatiun of France and Bcl-
It'iuiii, that th(! lUvoiiilioii ot' July was to attack th(^
treaties of Isll and It'l.'i. In fact, tile erection of a.
line ol' fortressis u|)on the whole southern frontier of
Ueigiiini, tlieir ins|Kction entrusted to an Knfflish gene-
ral, tlie occupation of hnxeinlHTg by the Germanic
Confi'di'ration, constituted a (MTinanent aggression U[)on
our security, and alVorded our natural enemies the means
of easily attacking onr frontiers. To leave that country
in the hands of the foreigners, was abandoning to them
the chief means of a sudden advance uiion the capital by
two important points.
In the presence of thiwe perils, the policy of a Riche-
lieu or of a Pitt would not have hesitated; it would have
determined upon one of the three ex|«;dicnts which suc-
cessively (inrsented themselves to the consideration of
the popular royalty. Kither Belgium and Luxcmbcrg
would have Iweii imitcd to France, as a means of re-
moving the threatened invasion to a greater distance, and
neutralizing the political and commercial influence of
Rngland in that country ; or Belgium, left at liberty to
place herself under the naturally friendly dominion of
the Duke ot LcuehteiilKrg, would equally liavc covered
the vulnerable side of our frontiers ; or, in fine, by the
rleetion of the I)i. e de Nemours to the throne of Bel-
giuin, France woulu directly have obtained the twofold
result of ensuring her indeix'iideiice, and relieving a
neighbouring people from the yoke of Fiiigland.
Kach of these arrangements was too bold for the
trembling policy of the ;us(e-Hii/it«. From blunder to
blunder this di'l)ased policy has arrived at that Anglo-
Bolgic system, the immediate or speedy consequences
of which must be; first, the increase of British prepon-
derance, uncmliarrassed with the obstacles which the
mixed slate of the duchy of Luxemberg still presented ;
secondly, Antwerp exclusively devoted to English in-
terests ; Ihirdly, the principal fortresses still standing,
and Franco obliged, in order to enter Belgium, lo pass
under the Knglish cannon ; ajid fourthly, a new degree
of continental power granted to England, and for her
oommorcc a certain means of introducing her contra-
band goods across our frontiois, a circumstance which
must necessarily complete the destruction of our own
eominerce and manufactures.
Such has been the settlement, to the present time, of
Belgic atVaiis. Sophistry is still at work in liivour of
this system of peace at any price ; but either Nound
reason is a vain word, or France will speedily bring the
men of thi- "ill of August to a strict account for that
original abandonment of her most essential interests.
However, if the ministry of the Ttli of August misun-
derstood those great interests, it uiidcrstoimd at least,
that its existence depended in seenring the new state
from all foivign intervention, and circumscribing the
struggle between Holland and Belgium. Tlienco the
first idea of its system of iion-intorvention proclaimed
at the warm solicitation of I-afayettc. The general,
still all-powerful, also thought that it was sullieicnt lor
France, that Belgium should be indopendont, free, and
at liberty to adopt the constitution that might suit her,
in order that our country might find in her a natural
and necessary ally. This opinion was adopted by the
ministry, and erected into a system by M. Mol^, who
upon this occasion displayed u firmness and spoke a lan-
guage worthy of Franco and of the Uevolution. This
minister notified to all the powers, and particularly to
Holland and lo I'russia, that the inlorvcntionofa single
Ibreign regiment in the affairs of Belgium, would bo a
signal (or the enlrancn of fifty thousand French into the
territory of that state. This declaration was renewed
bv I/afayette, on meeting the representatives of the
IKiwers at the residence of the minister for foreign af-
Ittirs, \vhieh he left under the conviction that the cabi-
nets of Kuropn were much more alarmed than wo were
at the consequences of a war against tlio men and the
doctrines of .Fuly.
It is hero the place to speak of the external giolicy of
Lafayette, and exhibit him in his direct relations with
thu patriots of all nations; relations which have fur-
nialiod matter for so many calumnies an<l absurd inter-
pretations. But before dwelling upon these particulars,
I iiiuat explain the general intentions of the system he
adopted at the sequel of the events of .luly, and from
which he has never xiuco departed.
Ill tlio early part of August, being on duty ul General
Laliiyetle's lirad-quarters, 1 had the honour of personally
introihicing lo him one of the most distingui.shnd men
in Euro|)can diplomacy, M. dc Humboldt, who came to
ask the general in chief, confidentially, what were,
under the new circumstances in which Franco was
placed, his principles of |iolicy towards other [lOwers.
Lafayette having answered that foreign alVairs did not
concern lilm, and that it was to the minister for that
department that he must apply, iVI. de Humboldt d(^
clared to him frankly, that he was charged, not only
by his own government, but also hy several other inllu-
ential cabinets, lo ascertain his personal intentions, and
to coinmunicato them. Having been a witness of this
important conversation, I 'can faithfully relate Lafiiy-
ette's answer, which I hastened to write down word tor
word.
" As you wish it," said lie to M. dc Humboldt, " I
will think aloud with you. We have made a popular re-
volution ; we have chosen a popular throne ; we mean il
to be surrounded with repubUcan institutions ; we will
not allow any body to interli-'re in our atfairs; nor shall
we intermeddle in those of our neighbours. If your na-
tions are satisfied with their governments, so much the
better for you ; if discussions should arise between your
nations and yourselves, il is not our business to inter-
f(;re; but if other nations wish to follow our example;
and conquer their liberty, we will not suffer foreign
governments to send their counter revolutionary gen-
d'armeries among them, and we do not consider Poland
and Russia as Ibrming one and the same nation. You
understand, that we cannot |iermit foreigners to attack,
among other nations, the vital principle of our existence,
that of the national sovereignty ; that it is impossible
for lis to allow nations to bo crushed that would become
our allies in case of war with arbitrary governments;
that wo cannot let you convert peace itself into the first
sentence of a manilbsto against us, and sanction preten-
sions that would ultimately authorise you to declare war.
We wish to remain at peace with all our neighliours;
we have not brought into our revolution any kind of
ambition, whatever claims we might advance, whatever
revenge we might have lo take. But if, notwithstand-
ing our moderation, you form another coalition against
us; if you renew what was done at Pilnitz, and has
b<'en more or less continued during forty-two years, it
will be proved to us that our liberty is incompatible
with the existence of your arbitrary diplomacy : if you
attempt to enter our territory, it can only be with the
intention of enslaving us, perhaps of partitioning us;
then it becomes our duty and our right to fight you
with the arms of liberty ; to stir up your [leoplo against
you, as far as wo possibly can ; and if your thrones can-
not reconcile themselves to the independence and liberty
of France, it will bo our interest not to lay down onr
arms until those thrones shall have been broken and
destroyed. If, on the contrary, you leave us alone ; if
you do not attempt lo stifle liberty among neighbouring
nations, which would constitute a direct and flagrant
hostilily against our social existence, you will find no
reason to complain either of France or of the Bcvolulion
of July."
Lafayette has repeated this declaration of principles
ill all the sjieeches he has delivered from the tribune.
'i'liUE, on the 28th of January, 1831, ho made the follow-
ing icniarkable profession of political faith: —
"Gentlemen," said he, " diplomacy, formerly so ob-
scure, so complicated, will daily liecome simpler and
more popular ; llin press divulges its mysteries, the tri-
bune passes judgment on them, public opinion modifies
them; family calculations and the traditions of cabinets
will yield to the interests and desires of nations. In
taking part this day with the political conversations of
these two sittings, I shall plead neither for war nor for
peace; that is not the question; no ono calls for war;
every body would prefer peace ; but I must hero lay
down some fiiets; of which we ought to maintain the
truth and abide the consequences, for they are identifi-
ed with French honour and our social existence.
"I liavo formorly said from this tribune that I could
only seo in this world two heads of political classifica-
tion, the opprrjuors and the oppressed: I will now say
that two principles divide Europe ; the sovereign right
of the jHiopIo, and thu divine right of kings; on one
side, liberty and equality; on tho other, des|mtism and
privilege. I know not wliolhor those two principles
can live in good neighbourhood ; but I know that ours
is in a progression, constant, aure, inevitable; that wo
must be faithful to it in all |)oints and every whore, and
that any hostility against us will accelerate its triumph
" Another truth, not less evident, notwithstanding
what has boon said of tho rospoct due to existing trea-
ties, is, that as our lalo revolufion of July has ot right
annulled certain articles of the granted Charter, it has
also necessarily annulled certain of the treaties, of the
articles of the Congress of Vienna and that of 181,'i;
those, for instance, which secured the throne of France
lo Louis XVIII. and his family, and united Belgium to
Holland. The minister lor foreign affairs lias just ask-
ed us, 'On condition of breaking existing treaties,
wouM you have war V — Yes, I would answer, as to llio
tieatles which I have just mentioned: France has
made tho same answer; he himself has made it.
" I could speak of other articles of those treaties, in-
compatible with our liberty and independence, such a>.
the conventions lor the delivering up of refugees on the
French soil ; and be it observed, that those treaties wen:
not made between us and our enemies, but by them-
selves, who placed one of their own in tho Tuileries, tu
trafiic in our honour and our liberties.
" A third point, not less evident, was established by
mn tho other day at this tribune, in tho presence and
with the asseni. of all the king's nMnisters, and particu.
larly of the minister for foreign affairs, I am very
certain that not one of them vi'ill now contradict the
definition which I gave, namely ; that whenever any
people or country in Europe, wheresoever situated, shall
claim its rights, shall seek to exercise its sovereignty,
any intervention on the part of the foreign governments
to oppose it will bo equivalent lo a direct and formal
declaration of war against France, not only because of
our duty to the cause of human nature, but because it
is a direct attack upon the principle of our existence, a
restoration of the principles of Pilnitz and of the Holy
Alliance, the justifying a future invasion of ourselves,
an evident purpose of crushing onr natural allies in
order to come afterwards and destroy the germ of lili-
erty amongst us, who have placed ourselves at the head
of European civilization.
" If the deductions from these facts, from these prin-
ciples, lead lo war, wo must without doubt abide it, and
wc shall have, to carry it on, those fifteen hundred
thousand national guards, those five hundred thousand
soldiers, citizens likewise, of whom the president of the
council has spoken lo you from this tribune. I return
thanks to the minister of war, for the splendid and true
picture he has just drawn for us.
" A saying of Mr. Canning's has been quoted to you ;
it will not be like him, by shutting our eyes, but with
our eyes wide open, that we shall exert our strength ;
and, to remind you of another saying of that minister,
on tho subject of the patriot auxiliaries he anticipated;
that which, on his part, might pass for a trait of vaiVity,
it would, you know, be easy for us, to rcaUze.
" 1 come now to the affair of Belgium. Gentlemen,
our conduct towards her, when our government was
scarcely established, was, as you have been told, frank
and generous. It was unequivocally declared to the
foreign courU that if Prussian or any other troops set
foot in Belgium, we should enter it immediately. We
have recognised its independence. 1 wish the king's
government had slopped there. I should have said to
the Belgians: — ' Do you wish to establish a republic, a
notliern Switzerland, unencumbered with an aristo-
cracy? We will support you in it. Do you wish to
elect an hereditary chief, from among yourselves, from
some other country, whichever it may be ? It is your
own afl'.ur; it is for yourselves alone to decide. -And if
that free choice had fallen on the Duke of Nemours, I
would have entreated, I would continue toontreot, the
King of the French not to reject it.
" As for a union with France, the question to my
mind would not bo, what others think of it, but whe-
ther the majority of the Belgic |)eople really desire that
union; and in the latter case, well ascertained as in my
opinion, the king has not the sole right either to accept
or to rnject such union, I should submit tho propo-
sition lo each branch of the legislature And what
power would have tho right to oppose it ? Certainly
not those that made the treaties of Luniville and
Amiens. Would they have less affection for Iiouis
Pliilippa than for Napoleon ? Would they fear us less
now than they did then ? Gentlemen, it would be a
groat mistake on their part ; for our popular throne has
not feorod to surround itself with a whole nation in
armi, appointing its own oflicera, and our itrength is
immense.
"A more skilful diplomatist than myself* has po
fully explained' the situation of Poland, that little is
k\\ me lo say. It would bo strange that the king's
government, which has just been defending existing
treaties, should not energetically demand tlia exaoution
vol
• M. Btinsn.
! granted Charter, it lias
in of tlie treaties, ot tlic
icnna and tiiat of ISIA;
red tlie throne of Franco
', and united Bcl^inni lo
cign utfaira lias just ask-
iiking t'xisting treaties,
would answer, as to Ihc
nentioned : France ha»
iself has made it.
:lc8 of those treaties, in-
d independence, such as
ng up of refugees on the
, that those treaties wen:
enemies, but by them-
own in tho Tuilcries, tu
horties.
lent, was established by
ic, in tho presence and
8 r.-inisters, and particu-
ign affairs. I am very
vill now contradict the
ly; that whenever any
icresoevcr situated, shall
exercise its sovereignly,
the foreign governmenls
t to a direct nnd formal
nee, not only because ol'
[1 nature, but because it
iciple of our existence, a
Pilnitz and of the Holy
re invasion of oiirselves,
ng our natural allies in
iostroy the germ of lib-
ed ourselves at the head
se facts, from these prin-
hout doubt abide it, and
those Kfteen hundred
« five hundred thousand
liom the president of the
1 this tribune. I return
for the splendid and true
3.
I has been quoted to you ;
ing our eyes, but with
hall excrl our strength ;
saying of that minister,
iliarlcs he anticipated ;
lass for a trait of vanity,
us, to realize.
Belgium. Gentlemen,
our government was
have been told, frank
illy declared to the
any other troops set
il immediately. We
I wish tho king's
I should have said tu
establish a republic, a
bered with an aristo-
n it. Do you wish to
mong yourselves, from
it may be ? It is your
lone tu decide. And if
Duke of Nemours, I
ontinuo to entreat, the
it.
the question lo my
think of it, but whe-
eople really desire thai
II ascertained as in roy
right either to accept
Id submit tho propn-
islature And what
oppose it ; Certainly
ies of Luneville and
s affection for Louis
Vould they fear us less
lemcn, it would be a
nur popular throne has
th a whole nation in
, and our strength is
w^:^®iii^o ^^m^®ffi (Oi2^(Owm^3?:iir-^ :L:x'mmjkm^.
VOL. I.
PIIILADKI.PIIIA, .lANlTARV Vi, 18.13.
iNO. S.
•gl!
I'RiMF.i) Avn I'lniisiiKii uv .MIA.M WAIJilK, Nii. 0, Niiarn lii«HMi frRKkr, rniiAunui'iiiA— At .*.') tor .'
t r--<, payultl".' in nil\<'iiir<
11 IL O- 8. \\'(J()1), I'msTtKS AMI I'l iilisiiKiis, Ni:w Yokk,
S<,i!i! Agints mill riiblUlitrs lur the sluti: iil NfW Viirk uiiil all tiie Nov niicliiiiil statics.
l'lii:n.\ix N wiKdi ,v < n ii,
Rolr- .Atft'iits Cdi till- (.tatf:- 111' .Mai>l.'iiiil. \ ir.:iii n.
ii.lO: »
III ilir I ily III Vi'W (Irii'uns.
than myself* baa fo
Poland, that little is
range that the king's
sn defending existing
demand tlie execution
of one which, by tho mere chance, has emuiiatod from 1 " Would it not bo very inconsistpnt, gentlemen, that
the Congress of Vienna, when it sanctions tho inde|KMi. ' ' ' ' • '■'■ " '■■■'
dcnco of the kingdom of I'oland, wlie;i it protects thai
■alion, our most faithful friend, wliicli has shed no much
blood far us, and the existence of which forms a barrier
fgainst the barbarians of the north. Is not tho duty,
0ic honour of tho government concerned in demanding
with energy the execution of those treaties, the uplioUl-
|pg of that barrier?
•• Formerly the instinct of the groat Frederick had
iliseovorcd to him the dangers of the partition; he
•ielded only to tlie importunities of the Empress of
JluKsia ; he told me so liimself. Even Austria, and it is
tio liberal government that 1 am citing, has I'requently
Jtlt tho same impression, and, if I am correctly infbrm-
•d, it was recently expressed by M. de .Mcttcrnich, the
least liberal of all the Austrians.
"As for K.ngland, gentlemen, recently so jealous of
Russia, would she feel lliot jealousy only in favour of
tho Turks .' Do I not see, besides, at the head of the
,«dniinistration of that country, tho illustrious men who
ishave so nobly distinguished themselves by their sirceclies
igainst the partition uf Poland ? Do 1 not see there
4lie members of that society, not numerous it is true,
•l)Ul celebrated, whence emanated the best and tho most
'jjnergetic publication in favour of Polish independence ?
i " Let us hoiio then that tho governniont, in fulfilling
k sacred duty, will find means to servo effectually the
iCause of all Europe.
'• '• I am indebted to one of my honourable colleogiies •
for having afibrded me an occasion wliich I should have
-j°eared to create, of announcing from this tribune, that
«Jlhere exists a Polish committee, appointed for the pur-
«poKe of affording to our brethoren of Poland every proof
liof our sympathy, of sending them all the succours in
our power ; and I have the honour to acquaint all my
.colleagues of the Chamber that their donations will be
f received by us with groat pleasure and gratitude.
li " It was thus that a Greek committee was formerly
||^>stablished ; and, while on this topic, I will express my
■#wish that the government should at length exert itself
I to fix large and suitable limits to that country, including
f the island of Candia, the morn interesting, as at the
i moment that the Candiotos had armed themselves to
complete the expulsion of tho 'Ptirks, they were stopped
by tho interference of the maritime powers.
" Yesterday you were told of Portugal : gentlemen, I
would wish to think that tho king's government exerts
I itself to cause the name and the colours of Franco to be
1 respected every where. I have been told of insults otfer-
I ed to our flag at Setuval, of a Frenchman paraded about
I and beaten in tho streets of another town. Wc have
3 been called villains in an official journal, published un-
I der tho auspices of the murderer of tho Marquis of
1 Louie, the best friend of the king his father.
I "At tho mention of Portugal, I am indignant that
1 any one should have dared to mix up the name of the
?! sdvercignty of the people, with that of the cowardly
^ and cruel tyrant, aa he was so properly called by his
I patron Lord Alicrdecn ! Il is as if tho name of repub-
* lie should be given to tho regime of 17!l3, or that of re-
iligiun to the Saint Bartholuinew massacre! Let no
I treaty then be made with Don Miguel, but let him bo
punished ; ho deserves lo be expelled, and he will bo.
" , . . . Gentlomon, I have submitled lo you some
principles which I believe lo be iruo, which it concerns
our very oxifilonce lo maintain, and from which we
ought lo admit all the deductions."
A month later, he said : " My Bolgic diplomacy has
always been very simple, 'I'o hasten to acknowledge
-r. the independence of Belgium, to forbid tho entrance of
3 the troops of tho neighbouring powers info that coun-
~ try ; so much has been done, and well done. To ab-
stain from intermeddling in their institutions, or in their
choices, should have been done also. Now that we have
entered u|)on a course of protocols, il rcninins for the
French government to defend the integrity of the terri-
tory of tho Belgians, so plainly laid down in Iheir rc-
prosenlalion to the States general, and in the dcclara
lion of indopondonce of their provinces.
I he (lowrrs which, with reascin, had recognised the sepa
alion of Belgium frum Ilulliind, should resolve lo look
ifKin Itussia and Poland as fbriiiing one empire, tlioii<>ti
listinct in so many resficcts, and (Icclared to lie so even
by Iho Coiiirrcss of Vienna ; and not to consider il a
iiaiiifest violation of the non-intervcnlion principle,
that the Uiissiansliave entered the I'olisli territory, not-
withstanding all tliat has been said, not only by the
I'rienda of liberty and reason, hut which is a very dif-
crenl thing, by ihe very acts of that congress?
" As for Italy ; in the same way that 1 did justice to
the strong and explicit dei laration which the lastadinin-
istration made to the powers bordering on Helgium, 1
wish lo iMjliove that a similar declaration, without
weakness or reservation, has liecn made lo the (lowers
liordering on tho new Italian states; and I have reason
lo think that the minister for foreign affairs will not
Ibrego this assertion of the principle of non-inlcrveii-
tion, nor the praise for which it is a subject.
" 1 shall only observe, that it is surprising that tho
Duke of Modcna, whom wn have known as a bad cor-
respondent, and whom his country has not found lo be
a good prince, having brought away a prisoner to Min-
lua, that prisoner, jM. Menotti, shoiilil tic (letaiiicd in the
prisons of a foreign country, as being the only subject
remaining lo il: and if il were not known what Aus-
trian prisons arc, wo might judge of tlieni by certain
details which have oppearcd on the present condition
of the prisoners at Spiegclbcrg.
" But what is not easy to comprehend, gentlemen, in
civilised Kuropo, is the manner in which the neigh,
hours of Poland arc conducting themselves towards her.
Prussia, for example, has seized upon all the funds of
the bank of Warsaw which had been deposited in the
bank of Berlin, and which belonged, not to the crown,
but to tho stale and to private individuals ; she stops
travellers, takes from them their money, and imprisons
them ; and all these excesses, which remind us of cer-
tain forests formerly fomous, are coinniitled thrniigh
the influence of the Russian ambassador, who rules In
Berlin. Il seems lo me that this description of inter-
vention ought to be lliB subject of diplomatic represen-
tations.''
In all his conversation with Louis Philippe, and all
his discusBions with the several members of the cabinet,
Lafayette professed loudly and constantly the same
principles. Whence, that flood of hatreds and invec.
lives which all the aristocracies of F.uro|io have pour
ed out against him.* Hence, also, Ihe efforts of the
foreign diplomacy, the influence of which determined
the conduct which the cabinet of tho Palais-Iloyal
pursued towards him, as soon as that cabinet had re
olvcd on effecting its reconciliation with the Holy Al-
liance, by neutralizing the burst of patriotic spirit in
France, and leaving the field open lo the policy of the
despotic cabinets, against tho nations which sought to
work out their regeneration after our example. The
presence of Lafayette in the councils of the new roy-
ally, his influenco in directing the public aflairs, his
|xnvor at the head of the armed nation, inado him an
object of dread to the absolutists without, as well ap
to those within ; and I have documentary proof that the
diplomntists iiiado his removal an indispensable condi-
tion of any ulterior transactions with the cabinet of the
Palais-Koyul.
CHAPTER Xin.
Cnntlnunlion of ilio I'lirociil'in— Lnlnymie in bin rrlntlons wiih tlii'
loreiiin pairliits — TJip IJi-ljitr (li'initlcs openly innke him (ivfrttires
— Ilia illfirlfiHuri'B rcsiH'Ciini; llui»ia and Tuluud — Ills rt-lation!
with the Iialian paitlms— His liliir In tlirni.
Il has been just seen that the system of non-inter
vonlion, such as Lafayette had defined it, gave at least
to Franco an atlitudc which prnteclod her interests,
and maintained her reputation. Il was, however, easy
to perceive that the Palais-Royal had no desire tor tho
* M. Dupin, toninr.
NKW iERIES — 2
* In rwpecl to llie hatrrd wltli wliich Ills Eariiponn arldlocracif 8
lintioiir l.atayi-ue, NaiHili'flii one day saiil in him; "Ail tlinm; ponpie
ilciKDl mil hitiirtily; they duliMi ii* all; hut, bah! ilist ii iiiiihins I" Ihe
linirrd they hear yon ; 1 could iirriT iinvK conoifivrd thai iiamnn
haired riMild go Ml far !" And Napoleon had the means of know-
ing well how thai nialtcr kiood.
consequences of the principle it had |irocluiine(l, and
that Iho (.'Imy and the inlorcsls of liio coiinlry had al-
ready ceased to be Iho rnliiiir iiiolivos of its policy. I.a-
liiyotle, alariiioil at this loiidonoy lo nlrograde, placed
hiiiiself in steady opposilioii to llio iiai row scllislinrss
that had so spceiiily siioooodod lo Iho roviiliitiiiiiary en-
Ihusiasni and re piililiran sonliini nis wlin h ho, credu-
lous man I had (iecked with a oili/.on orviwii. 'I'lie s|.i>!l
was tiK) sud<lonly broken, the niistako was loo iiianifesl,
the responsibility too great, nut to call Ibrtli the strong,
est ronionslrancos. I.aliiyotio gave vent to llicm in
plain lerins, and with all that lone of anlhorily which
the Ki'iiso of his right, and reseiitiiiont at siioh unparul-
leled deception, give lo an honcsl man. His coiiiplaints
were freqiient and severe. " I know only one man,"
said he one day to Louis Philippe, "who could now
drive Franco lo hocome a repniilio; nnd that man is
yourself. Continue to repudiate Ihe prinoiplo which
placed you where you are, and 1 will answer tor it, the
republicans, and |)orliaps the donianogiiPs, could desire
no holler auxiliary than your in.ijesly."' "Have pa-
tieiioe," answered the king, upon another occasion,
" linvo palicnco until siieli a liino, nnd yon shall see.'
" I'litil such a time," rolurnod Lalayetto ; " Imt are you
qiiilesure that at that tiinoyou will slill be i-eigning ?
For my part, 1 doubt il."
It will bo easily bolioved that nliservntions such aa
these were tlip mnro iniputioiitly lisloiiid to as coining
from one who was entilloil to utter them; wlieieforu
no lime was lost in escaping from the Iraiiimels of a
trouMosoino gralilude. Laliiyelto was sliglited by the
Pnlais.Royal, by that Palais. lioyal in which, whilst in
public a filial love was proli;K.>'ed for the veteran of
liberty, it was privately said that there were three
plagues to bo got rid of, Lafayette, Laftillc, and Dupont
de TEure. From that time il was evident lliat for the
removal of Lafayette only a convenient occasion was
awaited: that opportnnily arrived; and we shall see
presently with what art it had lieon brought about, with
what avidity it was seized upon.
I return to the diplomacy of the early jicriod of the
rcvolulioii, as il related to Lafayette.
From the very commencement of the insurrection at
Brussels, the Hclgiaiis had entered into close communi-
cation with the friend of Washington. Their deputies
came to ott'or him successively the presidency and tho
crown : "This at least," they told him, "will be a citi-
zen crown," Lafayette received these high nflers with
res|iect and gratitude, but refused the signal honour
which was intended him, and recommeiidi'd to the Bel-
gians lo choose, in either case, one of their fellow citi-
zens as tho head of their new government. For him-
self, he thought, lio said, that even fiir the inlcrosts of
the liberty of other countries his presence was more
useful in Franco than il could be anywhere else.
Lafayette was desirous that Belgium should consli.
Into herself n federative republic, so as lo form a sort of
northern Switzerland, in close alliance with France,
and under her special guarantee. It was thus also that
ho had ardently wished to see (Jrecco organise itself
into an eastern Helvetia ; hoping that the moral effect
of these two donincratic constitutions, and the example
of Older nnd public pros|)erity they would afford, would
remove many prejudices, and be produclivc of salutary
inoditications in the European notions of society and
government.
When, however, il appeared to him evident that the
majority of tho Belgians were not inclined for a repub-
lic, but were decidedly for a republican monarchy on
the model of thai whoso principles had been accepted
in France, Lafayette strongly uigcd that the cabinet of
tho Palais.Royal should abstain from exeritisiiigany In-
fluence, cither on the conHtitution, or th« choice of a
prince, which the Belgians might find il expedient lo
adopt. In his opinion, the policy of the French govern,
ment ought lo be limited to securing the sovereignty of
the Bclgic people against the direct interference, the in.
fluencc, and tho intrigues, of foreign powers. After the
oloi^lion of tho Duko of Nemours by the Oolgian con-
gress, Lafayette declared aloud fiir llio accepting of the
crown by that young prince, in the election of whom he
saw only, as he said from tlie tribune, the rightlijl excr-
10
LAFAYETTE ANU 1.01IIS nilMlMM:.
^
^^*
) •■
ci«' ol' tlic iiulioiiul siiveri'ifriity- Hut all tliut sj'Htfin, 1o
wlili'll llii; c.iliiiii'l ul' l]w I'uluis Itoyal ullVcUd to lie
wt'ildt'il, li:ul Iktii suddtiily chan;;cd by llic Hciulliitr (if
M. di; 'riilli-yraiid tii lOiifflaml,* tin' ri'iuwiil of the llcdy
Alliaiicc, uiid tlic rc-mriL'ctiuu ul" the ('(iiij^nsH of Vi-
I'liiia, disKiii>i>'d uiuliT llic name uf the Confercure of
liundun. Still it is lurtaiii timt the iiilliicnce ul' Lufiiy
etto eUKiLied to llili;iiiiii that jiriiiiury iiideiiciideiici
uiul security widch sa\i-d its new'-liorn revolution, and
ciiahled tJK^ rountry to cvercisi; ii sendilunce ol' [kijiu
iar »uveiei;,'nty.
']"lie coiieuHsion of July liad lieeu felt in every part of
r".uro|H'. 'I'lio name of f.al'ayette Hfived in a manner as
the eonduclur of Iho eh^etric shock. It was in that
name, it nns to the ery of \ ire l.ifin/ille.' that at Dres-
den, at DrunswieU, at Hanover, and many other towns
of (Jeruiany, the |ieo|)le uwoke to liberty. The absolute
povernnients were in eoiisternation ; the urisloeraeies
were paralysed. It was on the ;J:)th of November that
the I'oli-di revolution broke out, 'I'here, likewise, th(
name of (.alayetle, invoked by the patriots of Warsaw,
resounded in all the insurjrent provinces. A few months
only had elapsed since the friend aiul companion of Kos.
ciu.«ko, tn\'iled to a fc'-tival held in commemoration oi
the birth of tiiat jLrreat man, had paid a tribute to the na-
tional steadtiistiK'SS of I'uland, and foretold the approach-
ing emancipation of that noble comitry. When the
event had justified his prcdictioi\s, his name lieeamc as
a syudml of salvation, by the aid of which Poland smn-
iiioned her children to arms and to liberty!
.Meanwhile, on learniufj the news of the prcat events
at Paris, the Kmpernr Nicholas rcsolvi'd to raisi' apain the
Ftandird of the Holy .Uliiincc. War ajrailist I'raiuc
was dcciiled upon in the cabinet of Pi tcrsbnrfr, which
hastened to establish magazines in Pohnul, and to ar-
ranpfc a plan of operations, in the order of which the
I'olish rcifiuients were to form the advanced guard of
the iinperial .irmy.t
The lirlffic revolution came to supply fresh food to the
wrath of the autocrat, and to hasten the mi'asnres of
combination and of detail whicli the Hussian ministry
had already adopted, in contemplation of an npproachini;
and t'encral war. Tliose measures are attested by the
documents li)ntid in the iwrttblioof the (Jrand-dukeC'on-
Btnnlino, wliieli he loft behind hiui in his cabinet in the
idfrht lietween the 'J'JIh ajiri IJUlh of November. Amonc
those important papcis, of which copies were sent to La-
fayotte, was li)nn<l the lirst letter that Louis Philippe
ncidressed to the Ihnpcror Nicholas, announi'iii^ his ac-
ees.ion lo the tiiruiic (»f I'laneo. J.atavette, jusllv hurt
Bt the term culnstiviilie, which the new kinjf hail ap-
plied to the revohitioii of July, was desirous, novertlio-
ii?ss, to keep that letter from the knowlcdi^o id' the pub-
lic ; but some copies ol' it liaviii<; been sent likewise to
Kngland, it was published by the London journals, and
Boon alter copied into those of Paris.
Suliscquontly, however, when the Frcpch ministers
sought lo dony from the tribune the hostile inlejitinns
of Uussia, and the existence of the warlike prei)arations
which Ljfaj'elle had denounced, the latlor tliou;;hl it
behoved him lo produce the proofs, and cumnnmicated
lo the (.'bamber some extracts from the important cnr-
icspondcnco ho held in his possession. It was in the
sitlinc; of the 22d of .March tliat this disclosure took
place, wiiieh exeiird in the hi Jhest degree the ustonish-
inent and indi!,niatioii of Kurope.
'J'lie diirtnii lires have made a great clamour about
rcrtain letters wbiili, according to them, the tjeneral
had wrillen to Poland, previously to the revulnlion of
tho dJth of .\ovend)Or, to incite that nation lo revolt. 1
can vouch thai all that has been said to that elfcct is
totally lith:e, snd that these rumours were spread with
lioulher intention than tho perfidious one of throwing
upon this great patriot the rcs|)unsibillly of the calami-
tics which attended and have followed the dtftcal of the
i'oles.
It is the Game with the piotcnded secret currusjund-
I
' Tlw appiiiuiiiuMil of M. lie 'ralli!yranil lo tho T.nn.lmi embassy,
li a liicl nl'tfii iiiui;li iiitp'irtaiii-i', anil liai liail fiilNisi-lik-voun an in-
MiiunCL* u|H)ii llie nsiilt.^ ol'lhu ifViiliitiuh nri-IIU, Uiat llie rut-iini-
sctnre^ uuiMtiliii(> li cannot bin Ix- niUTcsiini.' fn my ri-nileii. Tliai
a|i|iiiiiiinH'iii. tMiniri'il hy ilni knin, wn* wninilv I'aiiili.ni'il ni the
niuiii II by .MM. I.»lliiie, Mole, Unpniil ile I Kure, iinJ U>|jiii.n
M. I.all'iilu jiariiciilarly nriji'il Ihi; iin|Hi|inlariiy nl' »nrli dcIuihm';
fmt ilie inirliiiKS ut the ihctrinuint, nnil tlie nlMilnarv nl' I Iii
I'hilippe's will, I ruvnik'il aualnm llie opinion nf (he IVIeiuliiiii' ilu'
ri'vuluilitn; Louis (lie Wlll.'s grnnil cliainberlaiii wn< srnt to
Loiidini; an'l it i:i well knuwn in winii rplril lie lia> ilieii- la-
liiiiirfil. [In aRiUier place .M.iJai runs calls Talleyrand " Tirac^irnj
PtrttoniJifJ." — A't/.]
t It was ill refercnci) lo tlioso milliary demnnstrniinns that Ln-
fayeiie <,-hiI one itay I'rum the tiibnim, ihattlieadvaiiccU guard had
lunied ruuud agaiiut iliu main buily orniu urmy.
ence, by ineanii of whieh it wuR said that he hud stirretl
up the movements in Italy. 'J'his second aci-usation i
as miliiiindcd as the former. Lafayette was a total
stranger to the Italian insurrections tip to the moiiicnl
of their breaking out ; he had even refused to engage
in an extensive plan of conspiracy in which the Duke ol
.Modena had joined, tor the purpose, as lii^ said, of free-
ing Italy from tin* yoke of Austria and the dominion of
till! Po|it'. ."Solicited, by tlie ugciils of that iietly tyrant
to engage in that conspiracy, and to ali'ord him the sup-
|«)rtofhis intlucnce with the Italian patriots, FjafayctI
liad answered, that he csleeincd the duke of iModcna ti«
little, ever to con.sent to ha\e uiiy thing in cninmon with
him, umler whatever iircte.xt or in whatever interest it
might 1m'.
However, when tho insurrections of Modena and tin
Roman states broke fortli, Lafayette attached the great-
est iniportanee, and took the liveliest interest in, tliu uuc-
cess of the cause of the Italian patriots.
His first care was to call with earnestness for the iin-
mediale formation ol a cor^n d'arinie on the Alps, to
ki cp the Au.striaiis in check, and thus protect the fret
devi lo|Hinciit of the popular insurrection ; he then dc
iiiandcd that the government should nolily the principh
ofiion-intcrvention lo the cabinet of Vienna, and declare
its formal resolution to exact the most rigid application of
it lo the artairs of Italy. And, in cUect, notes drawn up in
this spirit were addressed to the courts of Vienna, Pe.
tcrsbnrg, Naples, ond Turin, ulkr lieing first conimuni.
caled to Lafayette, 'i'lien, also, M. Sebastiuni declared
oiiiciiilly to the Pope's nuMcio, that France would never
sull'er the Au.strian arms ti. aid his holiness in suppress-
ing the patriotic movements of the Legations; and,
linally, .Marshal (ii5rard received orders to prepare him-
self to go and take the command of u corps d'unnie u\Kin
the Alps.
It was on occasion of these several measures, that the
king having said to Laliiyette, " But how can we reach
Italy without passing through the neutral states of the
king of Sardinia?" The general replied: — "If that
embarrass your majesty in the least, 1 nsk only twelve
days to open liir you two passages wider than the co-
linnns will require. Sire, have the goodness only to in-
torni us which way you desire to pass."
In fact, nothing, at this period, would have been easier
than to obtain, not from the cuurt ot Sardinia, hut from
the inhabitants of Savoy, of Piedmont, and of the Icrri-
lory of (iennn, secure passages for a French army that
sliouM have Ikcii hastening to the succour of Italy. His
lilter, in answer to that which a deputation of Italian
patriots had written to him, to ascertain the real dis|>o-
sitions of the French governinent in their regard, has
Ikh'ii the siibjecl of too many |>crfidious inslnuation.s,
both in and out of the ChamU'rs, for me not to hasten
here to in-ert thai historical document. It is as fol-
lows :
" 'i'o AI.AI. Misley, Fossati, Maroncelli, and Linati.
"Paris, auth February, 1«3I.
" Gciitlcnicn,
" I have received with the liveliest gratitude, the let-
ter with which you have honoured my devotion to the
cause of universal liberty, and our individual wishes for
Italian independence. It is in reading the aiinnls of
your fine country, the earliest slndy of our childhood,
that we have all cxperienci^d the premature throbbiiigs
of our hearts at the recital of republican actions and
virtues. 'I'wiec, as you observe, that sacred lire shone
in Italy. Hut in the present advancement of political
civilization, disencimihcred of the old alloys of slavery
and aristocracy, cinanating from the sovereignty of the
|K'oplc, and based on the re))re»entutive system, now that
the iiiiprescriptihle rights of men and of societies havi
been clearly defined; it is the piovinccof your admirable
language to proclaim to your intelligent |Hipulittiun, the
practice to their utmost extent, of the principles of true
and perfect liberty.
"'I'oo long, gentlemen, has Italy been the property of
a few families, an object of Irafiic amongst them, a stage
lor the intrigues of Ion ign iliploinacy, tlic sport of de-
ceitful and ever-broken promises. Kvcry friend of hu-
man emancipation wishes lo sec your liberty at lengtl
established upon tlie basis of a perfect indeliciidence and
nalionahty.
" It is lo tho internal and spontaneous mflvcinentt of
your patriotism that the recent revolution is owing, of
which 1 glory in being an ardent admirer. Wc Frencli-
men of Iho barricades of July have had no part in it,
c.vcejit the incvit of having set on example of courage in
the combat, of generosity after the victory. 'Wc are far
from disclaiming that glory ; it imposes upon us, in my
opinion, towards our brother freemen of otiicr nations,
scntinients and duties mure binding tliuii those of an
ordinary .lympalhy.
" lliil it, on the iitlier hand, it gives us any claim npfiii
your atleiitioii, gi nlUtnen, allow me lo avail niyM-ll' of
it, to reeommeiid to you that nalional and truly Italian
union, whieh niu.-t ctiMire the success of your noble ef-
forts, and the iiiilcpeiidciice and prosperity of your fine
country.
" ^'oii can yotirselvcH afiord to your compatriots a sin-
cere testiniony of the warm and deep sympathy of the
Freneh people towarils you. You liavi; had the ojipor-
tiinily ol'witnessing their admiration of you, their ardent
wisliis for yiun success, their longing to sec Ihc noble
and cla^sic land of Italy conquer and consolidale its
liberty and indcpeiideiice. These who think with nie,
of till- Chamber, and others, especially those whom cir-
cumstances relating piuticularly to Poland have formed
into a special committee, share this sentiment in the
fullest manner, and have charged me to express it to
yon.
".\s for the conslitutional government which directs
our internal affairs, I can only refir yon lo what it has
itself proclaimed from the nalional tribune, and to the
as.-^ciit which it has tliriee given in that Chamber, by not
obji cling, to my definition of the Frencli system of
iiuii-inlirifhlioii. I will add, that I have had cognizance
of oflicial letters which were in unison with these prin-
ciples.
" Accept, genllemcn, tho expression of my gratitude,
my best wisjies, my zeal, my uttaclimcnt, and my pro-
foundcsl respect. "L.tKAVEn'E."
CHAPTER XIV.
•.'■intinuntiim of the I'liritiiiinj!— I.alayinc in liis rrlatloiis wiih
t'liain— Ilia ilenianils on belialt' ol' ilini eouniry — Tim Frencli
|;ioi rnniint rii,nitiilii|jiilUical iiriisi'lyiivin— It inlislitli)! Hpanisb
Mi'iiLi'i-r!-'l.unisl'liili|)|iettiriiislieiiiliini willi(iu|i)>lii-H--NMiliirliul
iniiivii'w nl'.M. Uui/.<ii Willi a |iriMribnl Spiiiiiu.l— Tliai miii
isti r |iiilH iiiKi hid liHiiiU a sniii ut' iniincy in iloiihloolis, tnr Iht!
use ol' tii-nttiil Valds — I'lat'iiral [troiil's oi all ilie pi'eci.'diiiK —
rinuii.'e of N,i slirni— The (tuveiiiiiii-nl nlmiiiliins ilku refuiii-is —
Fii.-l iliplnniatii; nvriitiru of A uslria- Causes of M. I.aliitie'4
rrsiifiiation— The kini^'d ri'initninnce to M. IVrier — An ilii|ii>rlnli(
iles|jt(ti li IS kept I'fiiiii ttiu kniiwlcdpo i,t' the ciiniicil — I'rivute du-
laiis ri-s|H'Ciiii)t ilif t'urnnitiiin of the nilininisiratioii ot the IJUi
ol'iMairti — t'liiiduct urLufayeUe during all ihi'se intrif{ui-s.
In reviewing the various acts of the foreign policy
of Laliiyctte after the revolution of July, I ought to have
conimcnced by giving un account of his relations with
unhappy Spain. It is, in fact, the nation in all Kuro|K',
for which he had constantly struggled witli the greatest
interest and solicitude. Since the impious war of the
Kestoration against the constitution of the Cortes — aliove
all, sii ee the sacrilegious trininph which Frencli soldiers
had the imluippiiiess to obtain over the liberties of the
S|)atiiard.s, aniidst the applause of the desjiots of Furojx;
— Laliiyetle had never ceased to call that crusade a na-
tional crime, and lo demand liir tlie ojipressed nation the
reparations that were ilue to it. In Eurojic, as in
America, he never allowed an opportunity to esca|Ki him
of branding the naiiio of Ferdinand VII., of avenging
the iiieiiiory of that tyrant's victims, and especially Uiat
of the unlortunato Hiegci. From the inanspicious day
of the capitulation of Cadiz, he constituted himself, not
only in the tribune, but likewise with Ihc ininislcrs of
t'harles X., the ad»oeate of the interests of the SjHitiish
refugees, particularly of those who had capilnlaled as
Alicant and (.'artliagena, and tliut in spile of the clamours
of the Chamber and the vocil'erulionB of the absolutistt
out of il.
Never liad any [icoplc been so basely deceived ; never
had tyrant so unblushingly s))orleil with sworn liiith, and
the rights of humaiiity : tlie governinetit of llie Keslora-
lion had octed treacherously towards the Spanish coiisli-
tutionahsts ; bnt Ferdinand's conduct towards his coun-
trymen was atrocious, hideously (lerjured and blood
stained, notwitlistandiiig that they had been so merciful
to the crimes of liia whole lilt?. Lafayette made France
and the whole world resound with those horrors which
for nine years he persisted in holding up lo the indigna-
tion of every manly heart.
The capilultttion of Santana, signed by the Prince of
Hohenlolie, expressed, that if the Spanish ofticcrs had
any pro|)crty in Spain, the [Nisscssion of it was secured
lo them, and that no resident iu the place should be niu-
b'sled for political opinions ; notwithstanding which, the
properly of those ollieers was confiscated, and whoever
had manifested the least altachinent to the constitution,
was thrown into a dimgecn or put to ileath. The caiiitu-
lalioii of Granada, signed by General Molitor; that of
Harcdona, by Marshal iWoncey; and that of Caithagcna,
by Generiil Uomieinain ; stipulated the same guarantees,
and yet, the defender* and inhdbitoints of those several
i
LAFAYETTE ANI> lAiVlH PHILIPPE.
ii(liii|r tliuii tlioHC of an
^ive.sus any claim upon
t iiiu to iivuil iiiyM'ir 1)1"
itiuiial and truly Italian
ucciiis cil' your nolilc <t'.
prosiK^rity of your fine
1 your con I patriots u sin-
I ilicp synipalljy of the
k'du liaM- had tin' oppor-
iliiin of ydu.lluir ardinl
uuiriii^ tu btr the nohie
[ucr and consolidate it8
r.Ko who think with nic,
K'cially those whom cir-
y to I'oland liuve formed
B this sentiment in the
red niu to express it to
ivcrnniont which directs
efer ynu to what it has
inal trilinne, and to tlic
in that C'humher, hy not
tho French system of
it I liuve liad cognizance
unison nilli tiicsc prin-
rcsBion of my gratitude,
ttuclnnent, and my pro-
" Lafayette."
XIV.
lyi'Uc III Iii^ rrtinioiin \vi(ti
ilmt cmimry — Ttie Fri-iicli
lyUfin — li enlif ti Mie Hpnnisli
It III Willi iiup|ili('8'-N(Kiiiriiul
iribiil ."^ifiiiiiiiii — 'I'liut mill-
money In doulitooiiti, tor iliii
iroiilB tii all iJit' lia'Cudiiig —
■lit nliHiiilijiis Uiv rt.rutri'i'H —
na- l'aiiM>s of M. l.ufTltlt.-'^
to M. IVriiT — An iiii|Hirlaiit
f I.I" till' ciiiinril — rrivuif de.
i ndiiiiiilMratioii iii lliu IJUi
tiny all tlit'tiu inlrigues.
ts of the foreign policy
of July, I ought tu have
it of ids relations with
lu nation in all Kurope,
gled with the greatest
impious war of the
in of the ('«rtes — uliove
which French soldiers
r the liberties of the
tl iC dcs|iotH of Kuru|H.'
cull that crusade a na-
oppressed nation the
In Euro|M', ns in
jortunity to csea|Ki him
d VII., of avenging
■, and espceiully that
the inanspieiouK day
onstiluted liimmlf, not
with the ministers of
crests of the Spanish
lio hud capitiihited as
in spile of the clamours
ions of the absolutistt
he
It.
ite
1
11
■ds
lascly deceived ; never
with sworn liiith, and
iineiit of the Kcstora-
tlie Spanish consti-
uct towards his coun-
jicrjurcd and lilood
had U'en so merciful
atiiyette made France
thou: horrors wliiili
ng up tu the indigna-
nnd hy the Prince of
•Spanish officers had
oil of it was s< cured
place should hi^ mo-
islanding which, tlie
iseated, and whoever
t to the constitution,
<lcath. The cnpitu-
rul Mulilor ; that of
1 that of Caithagena,
lie same guarantees,
nts of those .several
ilaees e.\|K.rieiiecd the same fate as those of Santaiia.
Tlie protocol of the contcTCiiee held at Port Saint Mary,
on the 7tli of SeptemluT, HJd, between General Alava,
an tho part of the Spanish government, and Generals
B<irdesoult and Guilleiiiinot, on the part of France, con-
(aiiied the li.ll. 'viiig stipulation:—" U has been agreed,
that forty-eiglit n nirs aller the king of Spain slmll find
Ciiiself "ut I'nll lilirrly. he shall issue a procluiiiation, hy
which lie shall oiler to the ii ition a constitutional govern-
ment in iini'on with the iiilelligence of the age, because
ibe interest of Frui''' i'seli' reiiuirrs tliit the same sys-
tem of ;.")vernmoiil .-lull exist ill Spam iiid France.
IIow Ml re those treaties e.xecnlcd .' First caiiu' the dc-
«ee of the I-' of May, Iti-il, (liicli excepted from all
tmnesty the li I' r« nl' the eoiistiliitiiiiml army, the au-
Ifcors oi' the conspiracies at .Madrid, the kadrrs of the
livolt of Ocana, lue jihIl" < and reimrtcrs on all trials in
wliicli traitors had been coniliiniied for conspiring against
yie eiiiistitutional system, the commanders of the coiisti-
S tiiiiial guerillas, the authors of puliliealioiis and journals
at had attacked the Roman catholic and apostolic reli-
ijioii, and finally, whosoever hud obeyed the govcrnnient
$ thi^ fortes.
riifayi'tln never ceased representing those general
lolations of the treaties concluded umier the auspices
Bd Willi the participation of France, as so many insults
nered to our national digniti^. He denounced particu-
jir cases of a yet more ulroeious nature. For instanoe,
I Catalonian, Joseph Pc|x.'inorcare, received an amnesty
|om Ferdinand, in ISUS. Tho letters of pardon c.x.
cssed that rcpcmorcare was free, as well in his person
in his nrtects. The general in chief commanding in
utalonia, himself sent to this proscrilied individiiitl the
i'iginal act of amnesty, and the unfortunate man, with
lis document in his possession, rc-entored Diircclona ;
heri!, two days after his arrival, he was first shot, then
ni;;, and then quartered.
\ In KS-JC, Ferdinand VII., having himself repiircd to
Mitaloiiia, to supprcsH the formidable insurrection that
BBil just broken out in that province, had granted an
^nesty which included, generally, all the insurpenls
and chiefs of insurgents. Under the protection ot that
jgnnesty, dated from Tarragona, the tvN'o principal con.
Sivers of the movement, Vidal and Olivier, presented
fileinselves to the king, who not only received tlicin with
"' iparcnt kindness, but even ordered that three months'
y should be given out of the royal treasury to Vidal
id his comrades. Five days after, this same Vidal, and
ic other chiefs of the insurrection, were arrested, put to
atli without trial, and a I diel wus attached to tho foot
if each ol^ those victims, bearing these words — Hung vp
f^ order of the kin/r,
; Iiafayeite displayed a generous pertinacity in publisli-
Img those royal infamies : " Put back," said ho, repeatedly,
Jput back the Spanish constitutionalists to the same
■oint where your iiiiipiitous war found thcin, and you
"^iiy then make; as much of neutrality as you please ""
liesc were not the only services he rendered the jiatriots
"the Peninsula. He corresponded witli the several fac-
ions of the national p.irty, who, amidst their unhappy
ssnnsions, were unaniinou.s in their confidence in him,
afaycttc had even iin|K)sed upon himself, for tlie success
"their cause and for alleviating their individual gulTer.
gs, [wcuniary sacrifices, disproportioncd to liia private
rtuno.
Such were tho reiipcctivc situations of Lafayctto and
IC Spanish patriots, when the revolution of"^ July cx-
bded. It ap|)eared to hiin that this great event ought
I decide tho fate of Spain. Tho moment was decisive
ir the two countries; Lafayette felt it to be so, and
ishcd to unite the cause of Franco with that of the
nghboiiring nation ; ho thought that, at the same time
lat it would wipe away a small part of tho shame with
hich the war of 1801 had covered us, a revolution aided
r us in Spain, in the spirit of liberty and our principles,
Duld extremely simplify our foreign policy, by relieving
I, in case of war, from the necessity of keeping up an
my of thirty or Ibrty thousand men on the Pyrenoan
jntier, to prevent Ferdinand and the Carlist cmigrojits
jni exciting counter-revolutionary •Movements in the
lUth of Franco. It w.is a right of sclf-delbncc, for
hich the attitude of the eahinot of Madrid siifticicnlly
dicated the necessity to the new government tlmt was
reefing the afVairs of France. In fact, Ferdinand VII.,
Bin tho very outset, hail positively refused to recognise
e rwohition of July, and the king who hud spriuig
oin it. His prime minister had even gone so fiir as to
Idreas, olTicially, to all the authorities of the kingdom,
circular most insolent to Louis Philip|K', and most
istilo to the prinoiples of July. For which reason, the
wcr of the barricades, isolated a-s yet in its uaurpation,
and not even daring to liolK? for the tardy and ungracion
recognition which it has since licggcd and obtained, had
serious thoughts of fomenting abroad revolutions ana
logons to that on which its own existence di'pcnded
In short, the plan of a [xditical proselytism was orga-
nised, and secretly put in practice, by the council of
Louis Philip|K'. This, once for all, it is necessary' to
prove by irrefragable facts, us well for the sake ol the
morality of governments, as for the edification of nations.
Here follow those facts, such as they arc establislied liy
the documents now lying before nie, and which I shall
have great pleasure in communicating to the iiiiiiislers,
should they be wanted to refresh their nieinories.
It has been said, that immediately after the events of
July, the Spanish constitutionalists had spontaneously
hastened to Pari.s. This assertion is incorrect. The re-
vijliition of July certainly awakened in the breasts of
III r brave men the sanguine ho;)e of regaining a home.
Hut the grciiter numlier of them, confined by their abso-
lute want of means to the places where they had timnd
shelter, left them only at the secret solicitatimi of the
I'lcneh governinei' . It was thus, for example, that this
government invited into Franco all the Spanish refugees
at that time in England. If this v.ere not the case, Ihe
ministry of that period would doubtless inlbrm us why
I'oloiiel Valdcs, Messieurs Llafio, Navarelle, Ingluda, and
some other Spanish chiefs known all over Kurope for
their |iersevering opposition to the government of Ferdi-
nand VII., having, in the early |>urt of August, 1830,
landed at Havre without passports, received them from
Paris upon the request of the under-prefect, in order to
repair to the Pyreiiean frontier ; why two hundri d refu-
ge>>s of the same nation, landed likewise ut the same
port, were there formed into detachmcnfji, commanded
hy Spanish officers chosen by themselves, and then for-
warded towards Bayonnc and Perpignan, with route bills
regulating the pay and other allowances, the same as for
French troops when on tho march ; and why the some
thing was done at Calais, at Boulogne, and at Paris.
The government shamefully denied these facts in the
tribune, and maintained that it had granted the Spanish
patriots only pa.ssports of poverty. Passport.s of [loverty
to go where ? Into Spain, to seek, no doubt, in execu-
tions, some relief of their misery. A few words will
siiflice to prove the falsehood of this assertion. From the
Ist to the 30th of December, 1830, detaehments of thirty
to forty Spanish rctugeas were leaving Paris every day
for tho Pyrenees, with collective passports, and those
passi>orts were delivered, by authority, to a commanding
officer, who was commissioned to receive the pay of the
whole, and to distribute it among his .soldiers. I have
before mc, for example, the route bill of a detachment of
thirty -seven men, which left Paris on the morning of the
"til of December, appointing the halting places, at Arpa-
jon, Btamiics, Orleans, Beaugcncy, Blois, Chatcllerault,
Poitiers, &.e.
The fiiet is, that in tlie interval of a few hours, the
diplomatic injunction to suppress the patriotic attempts
of the Spanish constitutionalists, had reached the Palais.
Uoyal together with the menacing and insulting rccogni-
tion by Ferdinand VII., and that, elated at this spurious
adoption, the royalty of tlie barricades did not hesitate
for a moment to repay it with an act of perfidy.
All the tails I have just retraced are strictly correct;
the proof of every one of them is in my hands. Never-
theless, the ministry dared unhhishingly to deny them.
M. Ouizot inainlained, in the tribune, that if the ministry
of which he formed a part, had been induliient to the
Spanish patriots, it was Ix'causc the government gave
way at the time to an innuenec it could hardly resist.
Lafayette scorned this mode of insinuation, and declared
that he recognised and avowed himself to bo the object
of the ministerial allusion; but it wus easy to perceive,
by the constraint with which he spoke, that, aware of
some weighty circumstance, he wished to avoid compro-
mising any one but himself in tlic whole of that affair :
that circninsfcncc I shall now state, because it is neces-
sary that France should know it, and because, having
passed at the Council and in the presence of eight indivi-
duals, it is at this day any thing but a state secret.* It
is this : The crown granted one hundred thousand francs
towards the success of the expedition of the Spanish con-
stitutionalists; and that sum was converted into two let-
ters of credit of fil\y thousand francs each, one of which,
on a banker of Mar.seilles, was given to the unfortunate
Torrijos : this is the naked truth.
It is known into how many detestable persooutions
* t nutft liprr dpi'tari*, on my iHinoiir. llml twiwever I'rfssing my
iuilii iiAilonn to M. dc LatayGuV* to cnnflriii In me llin irtitti uf Ifila
fact, [ have never bi'cn able to get liliii In arknowledf;c it. Tlit-
jriieial liai aln'ay!i,oii lliai point, glveu an cvaiive answer.
Ili.it proteelidii rniiii the liighi st qtii.rter has Iki n eoii-
viTled, on the faith of which .-o iiiaiiy virtims liasleiud
to Ihe seatfold. Tlie refii^'i is briit.illy dis|Krt<d; their
s]i;,ditest motions |H)inti-d out to Ihe S|tiitiisti iiiithorities ;
the briithiT of the iiiifortiiiiiile Uiiuo driven from Paris ;
Torrijos, the aged Lopej de ( 'alilemii, the generous I'into,
and fifty other martjrs of lils-rty, urgeil into an ambush,
luid niurderid wilhmit trial on Ihe part il'Sjiuin, wilhout
renionstraiiee on the part of France which hail ph.ecd
arms in their hands : such were the results of the CMifi-
driiei: which Ilii.se \ietiiiis li.td phi'' il in the grH.d faith
of tlie fjovernnieiit sprung iVom the lii.rrieadis ; such.
Ion, is the responsibility that rests on tie heads of some
men: Machiavilian policy will perhaps ali«i.|ve them;
but .so long as liumanily sli:ill In' any tiling ninre thnn a
vain word, will she not call lliem to n severe aeeiiint fur
so inueli lilondshed and so 'iiaiiv eahiiiiities .'
The ministry of the l.'tlh of I'ilareh as«irl<il in the tri-
bune, that (lie Italian iiisiirri iti.ii.s li,.i| bruki n out wilh-
oul any tniiriirn lu e i n IIm Ir part. They spoke ll.e Iriilh,
in this .-eii.-i ; that tiny shrunk ot the outset iVi.ni the iie-
ee-sily of openly Unning to advaiit.Tge tlie political iiitc-
re: Is wliii h tliosi insurreeti.iis li;id crenti (i theiii ill Italy;
and tliat tin y did ni.t dare 1.) supjMirt by tlicir iirins tlic
nucleus of partis.Tiis, and the public oj iuii n so l1;\ourable
to France, wliirh had dielarcd Ihemvelves ainelig our
neighbours on the oIIh r side of the .\!ps. Hut the niiiiis-
try lied to France and to the world, wLi ii they afTirnn d
that tliiy had been cmiManl slr.iti^i rs to the revtlnlionary
movements of the It.-.lian |'.i niuMil::, ;M:d Imil pr<.:iiised
nothing, gnaranteeil iiuthing, to the Italian palri. I». In
the case of Italy, as in that of Spain, politieal prf si l\ tisin,
as a system, entered into the enlenl.-tions of their original
policy. A few facts will suffice to deniun.strate the truth
of this assertion. And let it not lie tiirguttcn that these
facts arc irrefragable : —
That which the new monarchy had done for the Spn.
iiish constitutionalists, it ilid likewise, though more ti-
midly, for the Italian refugees. A great iiumter of them
were forwardi d secretly to Lyons, and to various other
points of the .\lpiiie frontier; jieeiiuiary assistance and
other means fur travelling wire afl'ord.-d them ; arms in
sufficient qnanlily were eillec ti d, with the full knowledge
of the government, iit Lynns nr.il (Grenoble; a <'<'ntral
committee, the whole' of whose operations were eoininil-
nicatcd to the ministry, was establi.hed at Lyons, fiom
whence it acted freely ami undrr the clVeetive pruleclion
of the local authorities, civil as well as military ; in fine,
Louis Philippe, having fruitlessly written to the l.itc king
of Naples and to his young successor, to engage tlioKC
princes in lui alliance with iieic France, and to grant a.
constitution to the Nea|«)litnns ; and .seeing plainly that
his good advice would not be listened to, unless favoured
by the une:isiness which the patriots of the two Sicilies
might occasion their government. General Pepe was le.
quested to present at the Palais-Hoyal a draught of a
constitution, which was forwarded to the Neapolitans.
Ilovcver, as jimtiee is due to every one, I ought to add,
that Pepe, having expressed to Louis Pliilip[)c his inten.
tion of repairing to Naples, the king sent word to that
general that he would ftot advise hint to take that step,
tor he could not answer for tiie safety of his person.
Lafayette, however, placing little confidence in those
private assurances, and wishing to have a public dcclara.
lion on that [Kiint, called thrice upon the nlini^try, from
the tribune, and thrice he obtained the official assent of
the government to his definition of the system of non-
intervention ; a definition which Icil no doubt as to the
conduct France would pursue in respect to Italy. Not
satisfied yet, with the public approval of the cabinet, La-
fayette wished likewise to he assured of that of tlie king.
He therefore went to Louis Philip|K', and said to him :
"Have you read my sjicech upcn the system of non-
intervention, and do you approve of the definition I have
!;i\cn of that system ?" — " Assuredly, yes" answered the
king. " It has then the assent of Your Mnjcsty '" replied
the general. — " Most undoubtedly," add^d the king.
It was during these transactions that the insuricction
of Modena broke out, and tl; 'n that of Bologna. Tli«
patriots of central Italy, not having the least doubt of the
concurrence of France, but wishing to afccrtain to what
extent they might rely on her support in certain circum-
stances, had sent deputies to Paris to assure themselves
of the intentions of the new government, in the probable
event of an attempt at I'rmed intervention on the p:ift of
.\ustria, in the affairs of Modena and the Legation.'.
These deputies icceived, in several interviews with the
minister for foreign affairs, tho fo.inal and reiterated
promise that Prance would never permit the interference
of Aui-'tria, and that if a single regiment of the emperor's
troops passed over the frontier of the duchy of Modena
20
LAFAYKTTE ANP TOiriS rilltlPPi:.
r»
I r
:^
or of the I'apiil states, a Frciicli nnny wnuld |k iictratc at
thr saiiip inojiii'iit into Italy. Iiatuyittc, to wliom tlii'
Itali.Lii (li'|>utatii>ii had likewise u|)|ilird, and who was
move soiisililr llian any one ol'tho di'ptli ol'thc ahyss into
wliicli a misiilarx-d unnlidcncc nii;rht prrcipilatc tho Ita-
lian patriots, rcpairrd to M. Scitastiani, iniplnrcd him to
lot liini know, on this sniijcct, the intentions ot"the cahi-
net, and rerciveil I'nmi him the same pr,it<stalions tliat
had I'een made to the (hpnlation. It was on tlir liiilli of
these guarantees that the insnrriutiiins of Modena and
IJologna took plaee, tlie issne ot* whieh, skihiiily directed,
iniglit Iiav(^ piaeed in onr hands the whoK; moral and
physieal strength of Italy.
Sueh was the state of things, when the governnirnt of
Iionis Philippe, repelling roughly and imlignantly all
idea of identificutiini with the Italian patriots, and even
thcsnspieionof any patronage whatever of the proserihed
foreigners, sent Ijentenant (Jenerul Haeliehi to Lyons,
with orders to dissolve the Italian eonnnittee whieh had
been formed there with its approhalion, to si'izo the eol-
loctions of arms that had heen made there with its laeil
ronseni, to disperse the refii!,ri es who had gatlured on
the .\lpine frontier, and topuialyse all the insnrreetionary
ineasnres w hieh it had ury;ed tiicni to take for restoring
liberty to their connlrv.
In order to inidersland properly the whole extent ol
that shamet'nl ahandonmerit ol* i>rineiple, it is neeessarv
fo c.vainine into the real causes whieh produced it.
Struck with the amazing event of .Inly, the kings of
Kuropc saw their dontiiiions exiiosed to the irruption ot
the revolutionary torrent ; ami, in their first alarm, they
awaited, a« for the accomplisluncnt of a decree of fate,
the concussion with which their thrones were threatened
Kvents were happening every ilay to cordirm that appre-
hension. Already liclgium, Swilzeiland, and I'ldand had
interposed thcru.^clvcs hetwccu llii' French principle of
the sovereignty of the people, and the fur( ign doctrine of
legitimacy. (Jerniany itself saw the gatln'ring of the
thunder cloud, |irecnrsor of the tempest, livery where
the warmest synipilhy lor our revolution was tin- pre-
dominant lirling of the people. In short, it was impos-
sihle lor the nhsolule monarchies to tliiuk that Trance
wnidd he so inane, as not to avail hersilf, whatc ver in
other respects might be her moderation, of the eudiar-
rassinents in the midst of whieh her enemies had so
suddenly lircn plunged. It was evident to those eabimis
tliat a moditicali.m, more or less imporliuil, in the trea-
ties of 1-1.'), woiijil he the incvit.iiile consc(|Ucnce of the
overthrow of that unmarehy, thi' existence ot'w hieli those
treaties had guaranti'cd. .\onc foresaw, nor could lon--
dce, that there woulil he tbund among us a caliin<'t capable
of pondeuming the Tranic lU'July to remain a mere spec-
tator of the events that were going to take place in lai-
rope. In fact, it is oi.e of the prodigies of that pirioil,
that a lew inin should have appeared capable of nhan-
doning till' position in which the rivolution of .Inly had
placed their comitry, ■■oid disri Lr.'irding the p.ilpable ne-
I'C'sity of direiling eve'y ncu'olialioii in the vi.'W of oh.
taining eompensation liir the painlhl sacriliees iiiiiioscd
upon IVaiiec hy llic treaty of I'aris.
An»t-lii understood very hpII tlip logical inrercncon
from that po-^iiion. It inv.jlved for that |Kiwcr, the pre-
»prvation «t' the choicest jewel of linr crown, I.omliar-
<ly, which Ihreati ned lo iollow tli" example of the in-
mirgi'iil stales of I'luiial Italy; I'ieihii.int already felt
itself disliirlied by tin' rising id' I'arma; the (JcVmaii
troops were si'arcely siillieient . reslr.iln tlio .\ii-lio.
Italian popni.tlons IVom the lake id' Coino to the Veiic-
tian rnnnis 1 'i'lie cahiin t of Vienn i saw perdetly well
that the pri'soncc of a single I'linih ilag on the southern
dnclivily of Ihc Alpii, wijuld lie sulhi ienl lo throw ull
Italy into ii tiaiiio.
In thii slate of things, An-tria, at the same time
thai file was marchiiig llie Mower of hiT armv into Ita-
ly, wliero die expected to li^^hl ih, was the ti'rsl to open
riejioti ilions with rrainc, the ohjeel of \\ liiidi was lo
jUjBveril. or at least In postpone, a e'onlle t. upon the issne
of wliii'h iniifhl depend the loss of her i«issessionit in
Italy. M. d'Appimy presented, at thi' lime, to the cabi.
net (d" the 'I'uil.iirs, a verbal pniposiiion, which .M.
S.lmstiaiii laid before Ihc coiini il, und the objccin of
wliieli were :
1st. To allow Austria to oeeiipy imniedialily the
Pill by of Modena, on the ground (pi'the house ol'llaps.
Imrit's ri:verHionary title to that iliichy, iillep the exliiie-
tioti of the reiiipiing ducal I'lmilv.
■Jd. To unite in prc\niliiijf 'u|hui lhi> Holy Si e to
Criinl 11 reprcivnlatin' iionstitulion to the HtulcH of the
t'lnirrh.
.'Id. To coiwldcr, jiiinlly and noverally, of Iho nieiim
ol elVcelinifa generil disarming; Ihroiiiflioiil the oulllliii'iil.
This threefold proposal gave rise lo wnrm discussions
in Ihc council. 'I ho king, who, even hi fore the question
ri-lative to the Dueliy of .Modena had heen brought un-
der deliberation, had declared tor the oeeupalion of that
state, on the ground of the reversionary title above stated,
nrfreil anew his opinion in favour of that concession.
.\I. Lallitte warmly opposed it. That minister stated in
supiKirt of his opinion: 1st. That the sucV'essioii to the
I )ncliy ol' .Modena was not open: "Jil. That even were
the reversionary title claimed by Austria actually acrpiir-
ed by tliat |>ower, the interests of Krancc, and above all,
the moral intercsLs of the revolution of July, vvovild op-
pose invincible harriers to the permission of its exercise.
-Vs for the constitutional institutions to he obtained I'or
Koinagna, the president of the council showed the ab-
surdity and impossibility of any sneli project, so long as
the temporal power of the sovereign pontiH" should not
l>c separated from his spiritual power. " Only imagine,"
said ho, "a chamber of ixers composed of eardinals, and
an elective chamber filled with rectors and vicars 1" Ii;
the disarming proposal, ^I. I.allitto saw only a leurrc oi
the part of Austria; a means for procuring delay
brought I'erward to paralyse the activity of I'Vancc, and
hill her into a dccoitl'ul security. In short, Ihc prcsidonl
of tlie council, considering the whole of the .Vustrian pro-
|>osal as a di coption directed against France and the or-
der of things which had sprung out of the barricad
di inaiided tliat a note, based on the reasons he had laid
down, should be imu'cdiatcly addressed to the caliinct oi
Vienna, to nolily to it the [Kisitive refusal of France to
adhere to its proposals, and her resolution lo exact, by
every means in lier power, the rigorous observance of
the principle of non-intervention, proclaimed by her as
the basis of her liircign policy. Such was likewise the
opinion of Lafayette relative lo the utfairs of Italy, and
that opinion he expressed with an carncbtness that had
the eti'ect of overawing, at least in appearance, the weak-
nesses which had already conspired to sacrifice the prin-
ciples and the men of .Inly.
The other uieinlM'rs of the cabinet, and the king hiin-
self, ap|H'ared to be on the side of the advice of .MAI.
I.athlte and Lafayette; and, on the next day, M. Sebas-
liaiii read to the council a nolo drawn up in the spirit ot
the opinions expressed tlic day before hy the prime ini-
iiislcr.
Was Ibis note forwarded to the court of Vienna ? We
must liilievc it was. At all events there arose from that
moment some very serious surmises of the existence of a
secret correspoiidence between the I'alais-Koyal and the
liircign diplomatists, in the minds of the patriot ministers
who then liirmed part of the cabinet of Louis I'liilipin .
M. Lallilti' sus|Kcteil, with pain, that dcsjialchcs of the
tirsi iniportance, and the results of which might implicate
his responsibility, were kept from the knowledge of tin
eoiniiil; will n a liirtiiitouscircnmstanoe occurred, which
ehangiilthal suspicion into certainly.
It was a short lime atler the discussion which I have
just relalid, respecting the all'airs of Italy, that is to say,
mi Tuesday the .Itli of March, lKlI,th,ii n courier tVoin
Vienna had brought to M. Sebastiani a despatch from
M.irshal Maison, who inloriin d bis governnii lit that M.
de .Millernich had just nolilied to him, that the .\ustrian
eabini Idid not ri eo[;iii-e lln' principle ofii'in-inlervention,
mil that his own linn determination was to irterfcre, bv
arms, not only in the slabs of I'arma and .Modena, but
in all the pnn iiiees of Italy lo whieh the iiisinreetion
should s|ircail. "Hitherto," M.de Metli rnich said, "hi
have allowed Frame to put forw.ird the piineiple of noli,
iiitervenlion, but it is lime she Nhould learn lliat we d<
not mean to recognise il in what conn rns Italy. W
shall carry our arms whitliersoever the insurrection sha
cxteuil. If this intirvi ntion must lead to war, lie il so
let war come. We wniiUl rather run all its cliunces
than he exponrd lo ihtisIi in the midst of jiopular tii
mull"."
" Villi know," wrote our ambassador, " that liitherl
no one had di eland niiire o|H'nly for |H'ace Ibaii my.sell .
but I am now conviniid, that to ward olf the dangii-
wliieh Ihrealen France, it is necessary, witlinnl dilx,
and Inlore the Aiislriiin levies are organisid, to be In:.!
ill the til Id, and throw an army into ricihnnnt."
This iiiiporlaiit despali h rem hod the minisli r for for-
eign all'iirs on Saturday Ihc "dh of .MarVh. A copy, in
the handwriting of the son. in. law of .M, Sebastiani, was
ininii dialely lorwarded to the king; and yd, on Tilesdav
the'lth, no iiinimunicatioii of it had Iseii mailed) tin
council of ininistem. .M. Lalhtte hiiiisi If was iiiliirnnd
of il only tlirengli an indiscretion eoininitli d in the of-
fice of th« HMrl lit* <'(i/ii(rinrs. lie repaired iiiiincdi-
Blcly Bill rwnrd" to the I'alais.Koyal, nnd nsked the king
if lie knew of n iles|iiileli from V i nun, that wax said ti
have arrived at the Foreign Olliec three days before.
The king answered that he did, and on Lalfilte's express,
iiig bis astonishineul, the prince explained that strange
silence hy the necessity of .sometinies guarding against
the indiscretions coininitlcd in the council. The
niinintor of war eaiiic in just at the lime. .M. LaH'ittu
having put the same qnostiiin to him as to the king, Mar-
shal Soult answered that he was eonipletcly ignorant of
that circimistanec, and inanifestcd the greatest indigna-
tion iigainst .M. Sebastiani, whom he called o traitor.
Finally, came in the ininislcr for foreign affairs, who, npim
being ipicstionid by the president of the council, answer-
ed, stainmi ring, that he had certainly received a letter
Iriim .Marshal .Maisiui, hut that that letter was not ol'
great imiKirtance, and that, besides, he had not had tinic
lo eomniniiieate it to his colleagues. However, H|)oii
the demand of .'M. Lalhtte, the ininistcr, who had not
yet placed the desputeh in his portlblio, went to his office
10 fetch il, and at last laid it before the council. The
opinion of the mcinbers to whom the existence of that
document had been a secret, is, that the king and W.
.Sebastiani had iiiti odi d lo keep it from their knowledge.
From that moment, and notwithstanding that it was
promised that a similar inystitieation should not he re
peilcd, .'M. Lallitte determined on ri tiring. I can atlirm
that bis resignation was owing principally to the opinions
which the king enlcrtainid ui>on the tbreign policy iif
France. That prince would have peace at any price,
and declared openly, that, whatever in that regpect inigbt
be the opinion of iiis council, his own was irrevocable
and imallerable
Xeverlbeless, Iionis Philippe opposed or feigned to
op])ose with all his might .M. Lallitte's intention to retire,
by which retiiomeni, said ho, his friend would do him
more harm than he had done him good by assisting to
place the crown upon his head. However, at the end ol'
an audience in which he again laid down his system of
government, n system of movement and progression, din.
metrically opposed to that in which the king declared
his inleiition to persist, M. Lalfitte entreated his majes.
ty lo aevepl his resignation, and earnestly advised him
to entrust the presideney of the council to .M. Casiinir
Pi rii r. The king again refused lo accept his resigna-
tion, and evinced the most unqualified aversion for tin
sneeisKor whom Latfilte had named. Tioiiis Philipin'
said, at the liiiie, that he had a decided antipathy to M.
Casimir I'l-ner's imperious character, to his constant ill
health, and i ven to the colour of his liiee. *"
.Notwithstanding all that, M. Lalhllc, resolved nt any
rate to withdraw from a false position, nnworthy of his
political honesty, convened next day a council of the
minisli rs, which met at the Treasury, and in which, at'
11 r ripri seuting the system pursued until then as des.
Irnetive to the principles of the revolution of July, to
the iuterosts and the honour of France, he again nnloldnl
his notions ot'governiiieiil,aiid ciilli d iqion his colleaguw
Il 'lioose without delay iHlweeu the adoption of his syt.
leiii and his iininediate resignation. His i nlleagilD
were silent ; he renewed his question yet more urgently:
the same silence ensued ; one of them only, M. de Mini-
lalivil, answered that, tor his part, he was inoreiiielinn!
to eonllirm to the svslein of .M. Perier than to llint m
M. Lallitte. At those words M. Lalliltu declared tin
silling eiuliil. This was on the lllh of March; tlh
next day, the I'.'lli, the resigiiatiou of the president n:
the eoimeil was teiiden d lor the third time, and necepti<
bv him who, a few d.-ivs before, had ngaiii told him tliiii
St.Jinitrs nntl St, I'/titip fcfii' utnlnl ou iiirth at thui
u fif in hrtiv: n.
Such were the eircntnstanees that led lotlie forinnlion
of the ll|il,i^try of the l.'llh of March.
Ill re a question suggests itself, which has given riw
to doiibis iintiivourable to the (oiod liiith of the eitirni
moteirehv, but I'm the soliilion of vvltieb history is as vii
only furiii^bed with conjectures. Il is asked wlietlii-
Ihc regret so lavishly expressed for the retirement of M
Lallitte, and the dissolnlion of his cabinet, were reuli.
sincere: or vvhelbi r, on the conlrary, the tein|M)rary em
ploymeiit of some patriots in lb induetiiig ot'the pu!'
lie iilViiirs had nut been considered merely a ni'eessity ■
the monienl, and their removal prcmedltnled tVoiii II'
very day of lliiir aeeession, anil pripared by nn inlrig"'
of whieh the ordinances of the I lllh of .March were mil
the natural windln(r npi However readily we may Ik
• 'I'liin niiilpntli)' til M. rmliiilr Pcrlcr, wlielhei real or ■(Di nil
w iiH 111,1 (III' mmIv Miirriiiri' ilinl ilii' iniiMsri'liv of tin* tinrrli niti'it m
|H>Mi il ii|H>ii ii«i II III till' I liiiirr III Its iiMiit,.ti'oi, Il iM will kniii
tlinllii llicit niiMiiliirriiiiiiiiiiiilrntI 'ii>, ilii' kiii| siiil ilie lliiki'
OiliniiA |tM I'l'^Ki il, lit that llliii', llii M)e«l siivi ri'lmi riihlrlii|it I
Mnrslial Hiiiili, mill iiUeii riihiii'iI ilii'iiiselvrR Willi IniiKlikiis nt ■>=
uasniiinilniB I'll'itl" of Ihai llllllliiti r lo je| llllllKlt Spllulllleil P'«
ill III lit 11 laiiiill.
pim in
M Frai
iyelte
IP"', a
llroi
riii'li
reiiln
liesi 1
111 in
^ the
oil Ih
till, H
; anil
1 II CI
i
LAI'AVETTE AM) LOl'lS PIllLIi'I'i;.
21
ice tliiic (lays bcfiirc.
111(1 on I.atiilli's express.
■ expliiiiK (I lliiit stnin(;c
times guiirdiiiK ngniiist
in llic couiieil. Tlic
the time. -M. I-attitlu
him as to tlic kiiip, ^lar-
completely itjiioriiiit ul'
ed the greatest iiidigna-
hom he called a traitor,
foreifrn afiuirs, who, U|)ijii
t of the council, answer-
crtainly received a letti r
it that letter was not ol'
ides, he had not had tiiiio
•agues. However, upon
minister, wlio had not
nrtlblio, went to his office
lelbrc the council. 'I'lii'
Din the existence of tliut
s, that the king and M.
it from their knowledge,
withstanding that it was
cation should not be re.
on retiring. 1 can atfirm
principally to the opinions
urn the tiireign policy el'
line peace at any price,
ever in that respect might
his own was irrevocable
Ml opposed or feigned to
nllitte's intention to retire,
his friend would An him
him good by assisting to
I. However, at the end ol'
II laid down his system of
ment and progression, din.
which the king declared
alUtle entreated his mnjes.
ind oarncslly advised him
he council to M. Casiiiiir
sed to accept his rcsigna-
iKHialilied aversion for llio
I named. Louis I'liilipi«'
a decided antipathy to jM.
riracler, to his constant ill
of his liice. •
. F.urtiltc, resolved nt any
position, unworthy if his
next day a enuncil of the
j'reasury, and in which, nf
Inirsned until then an de»-
he revolution of July, to
r I'ranee, he iiguin uuliilddi
ullc (I upon his enlleagiio)
(U the :iili)pti<m of his syn
iciintion. His ii.lleaguo
K sliiiu yet more urgently:
|ii|' them only, M. de Mmi
jiiirl, hi^ was more iiieliiin!
[M. IVrier tlian to that m
M. I.ntlitte declared tin
till- mil "f March; tlh
iniliim of the president ci
le third time, and iieerptn:
r, hiid nguiii tuld him lliiii
r imildt oil iiirlli <i« tlm
k that led to the fonnnlion
iMiirih.
elf, which hiiH given risf
|(;(in(l lliilh of the eitirni
|of wliieh history is ns v'l
It is askeil wlietlii"
III fnr the relirenu'nt of M
If his cabinet, were renlli
litriiry, the lein|Miriiry '■"'
Ihe CMiKhicting of the ]»>'•
Ireil merely a neceimily i
liil pn iMcditfltc d lYoui Ih
III prepared by nn inlriij"'
l.'ttll of Miirrh were oiil
livever readily we may U
|i rlir, wliHhri real nr »(Hi n^
niuirihv "f II"' liiirrli ihIi'h in
■I lliilllMi'l*. II Ik well till "<
liK, ilii' kiiii mill IlK' l>i<l>''
I iiii.»l min r'lmi riiiiliiii|il i
lii'iiifaU til « liti Iniiiilihii m 11'
lid Kd lilumll «|>|«iinii (1 P"'
a , — -— =
jieve in the existence of every species ot political hyjio-
crisy, 0)10 is reluctant to admit such a coiistruelion as
:'Vould pruvo the throne of Ihe barricades to he nothing
put the stage of a mountebank, upon which every thing,
even to the etl'usions of Iriendship, is a mere liiice.
,1 will not, therelbre, believe that, in high places, iitfcetion,
griililude, reluctance, ajid tears, have been only acted, but
will take ail these deinonstriitions to be tnu . However,
It is a positive fact, which I put without eoinmcntto the
Consciences of my readers, that, bclbre M. I.allitte'a ae-
JDcssion to the presidency of the coimeil, some one who
Wa.s labouring to procure the appointment of .M. IVrier,
feeeived I'rom the latter this viiy signiricaiit answer: "//
1( i;i ivjih; Ihe. iwimeiU is )wt yet aniieU; Laffitlc must
gojiral."
I liave spoken at some lenglli of the circumstances
iclative to the ministry of the 3d of .Novcmlier, beeau.se
iliey bear the .same character of political apostaey as
^lose wlii.'h led to the removal of Ijafayi tie from public
fll'airs. However, it would be a great mistake to (;oii.
^iiile Irom this coiiicidence, that an absolute iJcnlity ol'
Principles existed between the commander in chief of
5ie national guards of the kingdom and the ministry of
tlie .'Id of ^'ovember. In another chapter iil'this book, 1
llhall prove, on the contrary, that decided dillirenees of
f]>iniuii upon the mostes.seniia! points of onr internal anil
(. External policy ofleu broke out betu'eeii Ijnt'iyelle and
Uiat cabinet, collectively considered. Thus, for instance,
jpiey constantly dilVcred upon the iinestion of the tax
nying i)ualilication Ibr elector;) and deputies, upon the
herty of the press, the security to be given by Ihe prii-
rietors of newsiKipers, the niouo]inly of piinling, i.Ve.
lilt now that they are couliiimdcd in one cdnnnuii rc-
■rohation in the eyes of the court, ami those intriguers
wlio obstruct its approach, I have Ihonght it bitter only
to make one general ineiiti )ii of the slight wliii:li had to
§c enihired by patriots, who dill'i ring as to the means,
Wrecil as to the principle; the triumph of the reviilution
ijl .Inly; the interest and the honour of France.
^ In till' midst of all Ihe struggles which he had to siis.
I^in ill the council and at the tribune, to .save the liononr
I'Vauce and the liberty of her most natural allies, I,;i.
^yette did not tiirget oilier interests extnniely dear to
im, although they were being agitated on a distant
age. Under the regime that had just perishcil, he hail
vain urged, for ten years, the recognition of the Suiith
Lineriean states. Hut the old goviriiinenl, ri siraineil by
Imily coiisidiTatioMs, and reinaining deal' to the call ot
|ie euiiinercial anil political iiiteiests ot' frniiec, had a|.
awed Kiigland, by the priority of her ri'latioiis with the
*cw states of that rich hi'inis|iheie, to take possession
■'all 'he advantages which a similarity of manners
^iniate, relisi'ion, and the experience Bei|niri il by un
aominereial transaetions through the meiliniu ot old
jiaiii, had opened to us in vain.
( Lalayelte thought, that I'Vanec having shaken otf the
Joke of the licstoration and ot' the Holy Alliaiiee,
lould seize upon this miiment to make a tViiiik ami
Ilulu dcelaratioii of the indepenili'iice and the nationality
f the iild Spanish colonies. ( 'onscipieiitly, in the lirst
ays of the revolution of .Inly, he asi'cnded the trihime,
nterrogated .M. .Alole, and drew lioni the government
Ji otiieial deilaralion, that rrance iieognisi il, us imle-
fniidelit states, Ijie ditVerent repnhlies of Snnlh .Vmcrici ;
lat she was ready to lie;it with their envoys and to ui"
ilil her own to their governments. This was a great
oint ill ihploniacy, which isrhaps would have been still
1 dispiile, hail not the man of the two uurlils i ;insri| it
I be deeiilcil, more ttiriiiigli till' power ot* eiremnslaiii'es
laii by the wish of the men in power. Who, in lin I,
loilld now venture to a'^^ert thai, h.iil I'l rilinanil \' 1 1,
iipiired the iion-recognilion ot'liis old Iransatlaiitie pus-
)ssi,)ns, lis a condition ol' his recognising the aeiession
' I. oiiis I'hilipiie, that uulicewtioli would lia\e been re
eilhiin?
Stii'li was Iialayetle in liis relations with iliploiiiiiev,
ilh the p.itriols of every enunlry, iinil w illi Ihe evh mil
jliey of Kranee, allei lli:it Id voliitimi which was t,i
ive ri'sliiri'il l''iaiii'i' to the riiiik inul voiislderalion of
rliieli the lloiirbiiiis hud despoiled her.
(IroMglit lip in the grand hcIiooI of revohiliiiiii; in.
:riii'ted hy the eonti'inpliition of the vieissitmlcH which
rciiinpniiii'd the eiMiiiieipatioii of Aineiicn and of the
ne«t eomilry in Kiirope ; by turns iin actor nnil a vie-
in in these tragic performances ; liiiliiyetlehad aeipiired,
the expcrieiiee of half a eeiitury, the entire eoinie
[on thill the most wiliil security for the lihi riv of a nn-
nil, is Ihe liherly of nil those whieli nn iiiiifnoiis In
i anil thiit, t'or a revoliilion to hrennie i-l ililr, eipriiallt
a I'niitiiii'Ut, it miHl In< deli iideil by ii eoiiiliiniilinn <il'
tuernl iiiterimis, auil of uccimioiiK fur inutHal aaiiisliiiii i ,
dictating the con.stant use of the same means against the
projects and the pretensions of the same enemies. l'"rom
these opinions, determined on tor tilly years, upon atl'airs
of government, has sprung that unalterable attachment
of Lalayctte to all those nations who have either con-
quered or cndcavourid to connucr their liberties. Hcnci'
that filial love, that unlimited conlldence, that religious
veneration, which all the patriots of Europe and .\ine-
rica testily towards the veteran of the cause of the
people.
Tliis almost universal naturalisation of I/afayettc is,
undoubtedly, mi absolute plienomeiion in the history ol'
the world. It may be conceived that the man whom all
the states of Soutli Aineriea, from I'hili to the Isle of
Talma, have clios.n as the arbiter of their destinies ;
\\'hom North .America claims as one of her jmrest glo-
ries ; to whom the people of Europe testify the same
feelings, in proportion as they wish to be free ; it may be
conceived, I say, that such a man has a i existence apart
in the politics ot' the world, an I'xisleiu o which, to make
use of his own ex|>ression in a letter to his eonstitiienis,
he is far from wisliing to resign. This patriotic iiiiieer-
xidili/ isanohjeet of terror to the despotism and the aris-
tocracy that weigh so heavily upon the world, lint the
friends of order andof awiseliberty, can and do only see
in it a moral power, which may immensely eontrilMiti
towards the emancipation of Europe, and the introilne-
tioii into the code of public law wliii II is now preparing,
of true principles of eipiality, liberty, and order, at the
least possible cost of disturbance and sulftring.
CHArTKIfXV.
'I'l i:il of Itii' iiiiiiistiTs — This eviiil nwnkeiis llii' i\p''iialiini ol' all
|p;inies— .\|i|iii'lii'iislnns 111 the I'iilics-ltiiviil— 'I'lii' roiirt |ilnrr
all Ms liii|M' in l.arayi'tle — I'lictri y, lirmiiisrs. ami |imi|i
wilh whii-h 111' is liiiiili'il— Willi u hal inli'iilioli tlr Ir
llrilKIM'l nf |l r illiolilinii i,f tjlc pilli'sllllH'llt ul'iliatll - |l
of p'opli's hiIikI — MiMsi'l'^ liiKiii h; l.aiilyrlle I" siriih' III'
livrs nf llie ilecilsi'il anil the imli')H'iuli'lici* nf tin- |tiil[:r>— II
tniiipiieiiisi's Ills iMi[iulate\— ItoiiU of lilt' trial— 'I'll'
piisii'il, iiiifiatltiiili
lallnh
l..|B
ll.llll!>
The divarication of political opinions and vi ws whiih
already separated liafayi tte from the men of the Ttli of
.\ugtisl, was still increasing, when the apprnaeliiiig trial
of the ininisters gave another colouring to the intentions
of llu^ court with res|M'ct to the conimandcr-in-iliief of
the national guards ot' the kiiigdom. The most enliii
conlidcnee, the most atl'eet innate deli reiiee, the most
tilial respect, succeeded, on a siuhh n, to the siispii imis,
Ihe umbrage, tlie jealousy, and the private s;ireasnis,
which had already filleii in the lot ol' the nobli general.
Eatiiyelle was not deei iveil hy tliise ili'iiiotistralions ;
he pitied the I'eeling tli:it dietateil tliein ; and iillhoiti;li
he veiy clearly foresaw tluir lirininiitii.n, he neverllie.
less persisted in the resolntioii of perliirining his duly in
evi'ry partienl.ir; and, if neressary, of saeriliiing bis
populiirity I'or the honour of the revidiilioii of .Inly. Al-
t.iched III this reviilution, even to enlliusiasin, his eliiif
aspiiation was that il should go down to posterity as the
litnii ididl ot |Hipul:ir onmipolenee.
To any other than I.aliiyelle, the proji et of sa\ing a
few men, whose hands were steeped in Ihe lilnnd nf sn
many patriots whose gra\es were seareel\' elnsid, would
have Ih'cii iiisiirinotint.ibly dilfniilt ; any ollii i popnlarilv
than lii:< own wniild havi' inevitably pi lisliid in the at.
tiiiipl. The names of the ministers whom he wisliid
to save from the vengeam l' Ihe people, reinindid
lliem of a war unto death, and sworn iVoni nil time,
against niir lihertiis. These men had In 'in selecli d I
the ohgareby from iininiig the iiin^t guilty and Ilie l",i-
sympathelie towards l''rance, among lie' actors and the
iicciiinpliees in nil the eomiti'r.reviihitionary plots that
had lireii eiirried nil liirtbrly years. They were the pro.
niotir* of nil llie intriiiues, the |Mrlnriiiels ol" nil the
vinli'iii'i'H, with which the eounliy had he'll harassed
tinder the Kestnr.ilion. In whatever way they wen
considered, lliise men, Mtihmissive yet despotic, I'erociiiiis
yet iinbi eile, the n filse of the emigrants, or the tools ol
llie E'lipirc, Il III pnsi nied a contradn linn the iiiiinI ex-
tr.iniditiirv by wiiii h n.itinnal probity had ever lieen in
sillied. 'I hey liiiil, ninri over, cniiceiii il, nil dilated, and
signed the ordin.itiics ; they had eaiisi d the capital In
Ihi fired upon during three days; hvi iity thousand faiiii
liesealledtheniloaci'iiunt Ibr Ihelossof ii)ius|Mitid,:i liithi i,
a son, or n iVii nil, iininlered by their oidrrH, And In
whiit cliiss did these victims be'iitig .' To that pnci-ely
wliieh I.afnyetle piitlietilarly eherislnd, and by wliicli
he WHS the most »iiicen ly beloved and n spccleij.
Aliiinst the whole of the national gnarils nlso ilemniid
I'd against the mint^lirs the iiiimI .^ivire iipplie ilinii nf
the l.iw Ibr till' piitiishmi'ul of high irensou.
t)ii aiiuliioi 1 itie, lliv ino4 t>p|>oiiile |>iirtie«<, thi; iiidkI
irreconcilable passions, the most cool radictory expecta-
tions, were all centred at the trial of the ininisters. 'i'his
ninment was awaited willi eipiiil iinpatirnce hy Ihe Car-
lists, the llonapartists, and particularly by the liiri i^ii
cabinets, lUl liniily beliiving that the mniiarehy nf July
would not survive this great trial of its stability.
This situation, already .so dilhenlt, ht'came still more
complicated, hy Ihe ])reseiiee nf a niiitili( r of returned
transports, thieves, and iiialeltietnrs of every kind, who,
having dcriveil no prolil from the grand week, hoped to
timl in a new eomniotion, an aiiipli' imlemnitv ibr the
v«cr;/ic('.i imposed upon them hy the sublime popular
probity which saiictilicd the days of July. In fine, it
was necessary to add to all thi .-c cleineiils of disonier,
Ihe xicril hut very active co-o|M'ialioii of Ihe police,
which, allcr living n]i'in the wai;cs of the Empire and
of legiliinaiy, uns inclined lo give itself tip to niiy ulher
power thill would oll'i r it greater pndits and mote sreit-
rily Ibr its dnralinii than a throne of yesterday, which
nobody expectiil wntild last.
.■\s liir the ri']inblie.iti youth, already so dissiitisfied
with the ciooked march of the new jrovcrnment, it is
lint justice lo say, iliut whether tlinmgli a consi it nliniiH
I'e'ling of legal order, or I'pprelietiiluig a disliirhanec
'iiyniir.ible lo the ("arlist nr Impiri.il iiitcri sl,or win ther,
in line, their nll'ectioii tiir l.alayille was stronger than
lliiir resi'iitineiits, they saerilleed every other eoiisidera-
tinii 111 Ihe public traiii|'iil!ity, and cordially seconded
the zeal and the i ll'nitM ot' the national guard.
.Meanwhile llie capital was a ]irey In lite most dreadful
anxiety. At court, at the exchange, in the saloons, in
Ihe connting houses, in the warehouses, everywhere, Ihu
men, wlin alU'r the ilanirer, ninst ardently wished and
I'nllid tiir the di-iiiissal ol' Eafayille, were not the least
Inrward in snmiiling his praises, and pioilaiining him
nine again, Ihe S';\i"iir of his country, and the U'gis of
the tiioiuu-eliy. 'i'lie I'alais-lv'nval, whiili had Income
the a>yluni whither all the lirmhieis nf llie Aig/icr rlnsaia
had taken rcliige during Ihe sloriii, were in ecstasy,
while shiiking with fear, beline the iiiiiirnlled man,
wlinse virtues, liny said, eelipsi d the tiitesl chantclirs of
atitiipiity. .Inst then, when the iiaine of laifayelle was
menliniied, evi ry thing tli.it «iis Inyal, patrintie, and (lis.
interested, was itndetstnnd. I recollect a I'fw jokes
passed hy the Trinei -linynl al the expense ol' the |)iilo
liiees, the t'^nilesipie cnnliision, and Ihe ildelriiii.in- iptak-
ings, which his liilher's |inlace exhibited. '• It was
enniiirh lo make one die with laughter," said His Uiiyal
Highness.
Siieli was the dispnsiiinii nf turn's iiiinds, when lliu
king's cnitni'il iippri-id I,:il'iyi tli tliat the fullest pnwcr.s
were ciitMi^ti'd to him, and that he was tn ninain invest-
III wilh them during the wlmle lime llml Ihe hial nf the
miiiislers should last. The police of the ralace.linyal,
nf the l.nxeiiilioitrg, and of Ihe ('hambiTof Tiers, "ihu
command of the troops of the line, togelher wilh that
nf the nationnl giiaiil, were exeliisiyely eniilided to liini.
Where Ihe duly of l.afiyelte was iliarly Iraeei' out, ho
I'otild not hesitate in his decision. He willingly accept,
ed nil Ihe respnns||iilily thus nceiiimil.iliil iipnii a mall
nf siMiity, and look iipnii Inmscli' to i tisiire the regular
cniirse nf pistiee, and the strict i.xd iilioii of itsscntencu
w hativer it might be.
The Inllnwing is III!' order of till' (lay wliieh he pub.
lisheil oil this sun' -el : I only give this doctimint as 'he
starling point of the ineasurcH wliieh we hIhiII lind iiiiii
taking.
oHiirn or Tin: rnv iiy riit; b'ni or llii iMiti it, 1^,'II1.
The (J.'neral, coiuinander-iiiehii f of the National
liiiards, luiiig ordered hy llie King lo lake also the coiii-
liialid of Ihe troops nf the line thai slinll he on diitv on
occ isinii (if Ihe trial nf the mini. iters, gives the fiillnvv iii^r
direeliniis ; —
" 'I'he chief of ihestitV of the N.itintial (Mianl, ami
IJi'iicrnl I'uhvii r, will make arrangi itienis lo carry into
etli 1 1 the meastires ordered by the gi nernl in cliiel' con-
eerning the n iiiovnl of the prisoners lo Ihc I.uxcnil)our((,
and the maintinnnee of piililie order.
" (buer.ilH I'.ibvier tiiiil ('aihonucl will Iransmil (hit
nrilers ol" the general in cliief to the lronp«, wlulhcr ot
Ihe milioteil guards or the line, as also to t'olmtil I'cia-
tamel, first iiieominaiiil,aiid to l.ii uli nanlcoluiiel Luvu-
I III, Hi'cntid ill eoiniiiai.il,
" III the absenie of the i liii f of the general slnlV, the
.■iide«-ile-eaiiip (i. \V. I.at'ayi lie Iilid .IoiiIktI will tiill'J
Ihe iltitii s nf mid' rchii'l's of tin slatV, and one nf Ihem
will remain III the ipmrtiis of general slalV, wilh Hie
!;i iienil in ehiil'. In ■ i.;ii eidei i.
" I'roiii Ihe I Ilh nf lliia mniilli, nnd imlil fiirllirr or-
dir>, the iiiiijor.ifciK nils, coloneli', sup liiirolliccrs uftlio
22
I.AFAYETTE A>» LOUIS PHILIPPE.
stiilFor of the loginns, and all llic citizens composing tlic
national guard ol' I'lirin and its district, are not, under
any pretext, to put olF their nnilbrni.
" Tlio nalionnl guards forming part of the Imltnlions
of reserve in eiicli legion, ma)- attend to tliiir privat
affairs, on leaving, however, inlorrnation »t I heir dwell-
ing«, where they arc to be found in case of their beiiig
called for.
" 'I'hosi! who Hliall bo on guard at the Luxembourg,
are not to leave their posts without a writleu |H'rmission
from the olRcer (irst in eonunand. From the same |«'.
riod a chief of b;'.ltalion sh.ill be on guard at the chef-
linu of each arromlt^scmntt^ and shall proceed to execute
the onii-rs given by the general stiilf, or by Generals
Fabvier and C'arliiMini 1.
" Particular inslruelinns will I'C, sent daily to each
cliief ol a legion or conniiandin^ olKcer.
" LAFAYFrrTK."
From the time of the arrcs-t of the ministers (which
was quile fiirtiiitous, and certainly indeiK-ndcnt of the
will of Luuis Pliili|))pe, wlio wished their escajK;) Lafay-
rttc had used every means to save those deeply guilty
men froui tiic ahuust inevitable fate that threatened
theui. lie wished that they should bo made the subjeil
of a severe example of national justice ; but it was re-
pugnant to his feelings that the [woplo of the barricades,
after having been so generous to t'harlea X., should
kIiow themselves vindictive and implacable towards those
who carried into etUcct the cnunter-rovolutionary will of
that despot; more especially as these same ministers,
who had uo protector but hnnself, were the very men
who but lately had ordered him to be arrested and shot.
Uesidcs, Lafiyctte idolised the revolution of July ; and
the mere idea of seeing it lowered to the system of the
Bcaftbld, woidd, in his opinion, detract from its romantic
character, or, a^' 1 liiive alieady saiil, from its hcnu i<U(il.
It was Willi lliis jiiteiilion (openly avowed, iiotwith-
Flaniling l!ie pojiular inilatinii whieh it must of luevs-
Kitv exeilc against him,) that Iiafayetle, who, besides,
liad nlv.ays shown hiiiisi If opposed to the puiiishiiieiit of
death, partieul irly lor ]>nlilical olVeiiecs, had supported,
on the ITtli of August, tin' proposili<in of .M. de Tracy,
lending to obtain Ihe iinmediale abelillon of lliat piui-
ishmenl. I.iitayelle ilid m.t dissenibli^ that the great
approaching trial was an additional motive with him for
soliciting tile ( 'haiiilier to adopt the proposition of his
honourable friend ; tor, as he said upon every opi>ortiinily,
he thought it was of the greatest importance that vic-
tims should no longer be sacriliced aller the combat.
And when his friends observed to him, that his anxiety
on behalf of those guilty ministers would render him
very unpopular, iil ii lime when the rehilives and friends
of siv lliousaiid \ ielinis weri' calling for jusliee on the
blooil that hail jiisl been shed, he replied, that " pi piila-
rily «hieh is the most valuible of treasures, Ihe only
one Ihil \i W'lrtliy "f ambitiin, is, howc'ver, like all
other treasures, int< iideil lo be e\|Hiiiled in the promotion
of the pulilie wel are an<l of jusliee, of the true national
interests, such as lliey ap|K"ar to the cuiiseience of him
who makes use of il."
Ife had delivered the fiiliowing speech upon this p.niu-
ful suliji'el, Ihiee luunlhs pre\ ions lo Ihe trial of those
iniiii.-^ters, who, but eighl-anilluenty ibiys benne, liad
poiiitrd him out lo Ihe exeeulioners of ( 'liarles X : —
" I think thai Ihe alxililinn of llie pmiislimeni of ileilli
is a prioi'iple, or rallii r an isolated opJiu.Mi, iiide|H'ndeiit
of the judi' i.il aiiielinr.iliniis of H liieii 1 I'eej, as be il')e«,
Ihe neeemily 1 will persi^l ill calling lor il, iis long as
the inf^illiliilily of mail's jndgiiKiil slmll nol have liei n
proved lo me. 'I'his ipieslioii, gentlemen, is liol u new
one ; tile abolilion of the pimisiiiieiil of deiilli has U'cn
eilled for, ill nil liinis, by Ihe mosi res|K'elable pulilieists.
It was eilleil liir in the Conslilnent Assembly by many
deputies, of wImiii I sliiill only mi nlioii three: Adrian
I)ii|H>nt, a inont enlightened inagislrate ; .M. de Traey,
thu lather of my honourable friend the nnllior of Ihe ad-
mirablo Commeutary upon !Monlesipiieu ; and the vir-
tuous Iiaroehel'oucaulil, the truest iniMhl of a great and
eteoUcnt eiliion, so lamentably, so basely miirdrnd at
fiisor<, alter the lOtU of August. This question nt pre.
•snt occupioi the icnatc of the I'nitrd Sl,ile\ Il bus
been introdiicad thrrn by the sainn Kdward Livinf>«lon
who has eoinplrtrd the work commrnccd by hiin in the
Inpitlature of the itutr of Louisiana.
" How unfortunate, gentlemen, that the aholilion of
the nunishmnnl of death should not have Imtu adopted
by tne Const'tienl .'Kssemlily I How inueli irrepnriibli
grief wiiuld have Is'iii spared us ! And what would nol
flio Krenler imiulsr of those even who eoiieurred in lliose
v.irimis and nmllitiidinous eoiidemnations have I'ivi u, n
abort tiiim alter, to redeein. even at Ihe sacrifice of Ihiirl
blood, the part which they hud taken in those sentences?
I acknowledge, gentlemen, that since oni political storms,
I liel an invincible horror of the puiiislmicnt of deatli.
Our present revolution bears quite a dilTerent character
from the preceding revolutions. AVilli patriotism ami
courage we have seen the greatest generosity united. It
were worthy of tliis last revolution to distinguish itself,
thus early, by the great act of huinanily. which my ho-
nourable friend has just jiroimsed to you. I vote for its
lieing taken into consideration."
I render homnge to the feelings that placed such lan-
guage in the month of him who has been called with
reason, the legate of the Constituent .\sseinbly ; of him,
who, forty years before, had joined his voice lo the elo-
quent voice of Diii)ort, in demanding the suppression of
this human immolation. The inviolubilily of the life of
man, has been, nt all times, in the eyes ol the most en-
lightened philosophers, the principle upon which all hu-
man society rests ; and Ihe time is doublless nol fiir dis-
tant when this con.servative jiriucijilo will be established,
and monienlary utility will give wny to i lernal justice.
.\s the honourable .\i. de Traiy has said, " Nothing but
what is just and true, can be really productive of bencli-
eial consequences."
Nevertheless, il may be ullowiibli- to ask, whether the
moment was ojiportuii- for submitting this ini|H)rtaiii
question to ihe legislature, when, in order to [iroceed
con.scqucniia'ly, it wouhl have Ix'cn necessary, first of
all, to enter ujioii an entire revision of the jMnal code,
the nraconian severity of which still bears the impress
of the most intolerable despotism? In oriler to save a
few great criminals, ought the question to have Ikcu
treated in this isolated manner, while, in the general
opinion, its eonsideralion called for long meditation, pro-
found discussions, and a time of tranquillity ?
Ill fine, the piiiiishmeiil of di'alh biiiig in force nt the
linu thu ministers were brought to trial, and when enor-
mous crimes had just been perpetrated ag.iiii.^t what is
dearest to man — liberty ; was it not lo be liared that, ill
depriving the law of its strongest K.inelion, the authority
of the national sovereignly might be weakeneil, anil the
charge of a partiality entirely aristocnitic might be in-
curred ? I declare, that, in my opinion, as in that of
every conscientious man, the punishment of death ought
to be abolishi d ; I also declare, that after conlribuling
wilh all my feeble means to save the wholisule murder-
ers employed by Charles X., from the deatli which the
vengeance id' the |H'ople might have inllieled upon Iheiu,
I coiigratiilale myself every day more and more that tin
iialiiina! justice did not bi'ar heavily upon them. Hut
when I relleet H|K>n the considerations which seemed to
jiislity the making a great example, such as the necessity
of binding Ihe ciuiso of the new monari by to that of the
revoliilion, by a decisive net of relribtilion, lo strike terror
into all who might niteiiipl lo trend in the footslips of a
li'liiiiinus cabinet, mill lo prove to Knro|H'llint nii impnss
able abyss separated the revolution from the new order
of tilings; when, above nil, I remember Ihe disposition
of p,'op|i''s minds, and Ihe violent excliinatioiis which
e;illril lor (lie pimisliiiient of those signal eriminnls, and
rtlien I see lliiil Ihe axe of the cxeeutioiier has agnin
tullen upon Ihe necks of the people, as soon as it ceased
lo Ih' siispeniled over Ihosr of their most implacabU' ene.
lilies; then I eiinnol forbear saying, thai in those most
Iryiiig cireiiiiislanei s, l.iiliiyelle gratuitously staked his
inmnnso iMipularity tor Hie sake of griitil'ving an I'xalled
feeling ol generosily and Iminanitv. .M. de I'olignue
had set a price upon the heiiil of Lalayelte; Iinliiyelte re.
siiheil III save the head of ,M. de I'olii;iiae : history will
perlrap.> (led ire, IhnI this eonibiel showed the man — Ihe
\irliiiiiis man, no doubt ; but has not \ irine also ils pride '
However that liny be, all I'airoix' had its eyes fixed
U|i<m Lafayette. His enemies awaited the event with
the strongest Iiii|K'— his friends in the most painful
anvil ly: bolli saw in it the necessary terminalion of his
|Hipuliirily, and eonsequenlly of his |Milllieal exisleiiee.
Ill fact, symptoms of dcei) dissiitisliielion mi neeount ot'
the solicitude ho showed in favour of the prisoners nt
\'ineemies, broke out even in tin niidsl of bis stall'.
Therc,as among the peimli ,lhe nalionnl gunri|-,ani| the
youth of the icIkhiIs, indignalion wns mnnifesliil nt Ihe
iden thai the in-^ligntors of the orilmsnees of .Inly, the
anthorr. of Ihe masnserenf i« vrn thou, and patriots, should
enjoy a r,eandnloin impunity, ere the ashes of their vic-
tims were yet enld. A cry of vengennci' irei hoed iVom
iill sides ; and it was only, il must be snid, in the hii|H' of
oblnimng thiit ungeniire iVoin Ihe Inw, Hint Ihe |Hoph'
refrniiied from Inking il nilli their own liniids.
This exns|K ration of the public, mind, well known lo
l.iifayelle, which was etnggernled In liim by his parli-
sills ns «ill as by his adwrsurii "^, oiilv innde liim still
more deterniined lo withstand the storm, and to procurr
at liny sacrifice, that the law should be respected. He
accordingly took every measure which his vast conimoinl
placed nt his disposal, to maintain public tranquillity ; tr,
preserve the lives of the accused ministers, and the mile,
psndcncc of the high court, which had reconciled itsili
to passing judgment on its friends.
In 178!), as in 1B30, Lafayette, in his eflbrfs to main,
tain public order, had always acted upon the principle ui
avoiding sudden and alarming moveinenls, ol preventinr:
rather tlinn repressing, of persuading rather than eo.
erciiig. His system was eonstjintly to stem the torrent ef
IKipular tumult by patience and the vis iiieilia of great
masses, rather than by those murderous charges and
noisy demonstrations, which in general appeared to iiiin
only calculated to sow the dangerous seeds of hatred ami
revenge among the cili«ns. As he has himself saiil.
that which he feared the most was, to excite the mil.
iiiosity of the working.jaekcts ngninst the uniforms ei
the nalion.il guards; a eonsideralion ull-powerful in hi.
eyes, but which, however, never prevented liim froin
manifesting firmness in the execution of his duly, how.
ever rigorous it might be.
This prudence, at once politic and paternal, was nl.
ways advantageous to Iinfayettc. I have frcjpicntly h.-n;
nn opjiortunity of convincing myself that the bencvoleni
zeal of his fellow cilizens ot (!very parly, procured him
information, uimn which he took measures Ihot gene
rally anticipated the tardy communications which Ihr
police transmitted to his stall". This system of firmnens
and conciliation was at all times Ihe rule by which lir
was guided. It will be seen on looking over the jour
nals of the day, thnt in the most difficult [icriods of out
first revolution, it oHen happened lo him, in order ti
avoid a collision between the nntiouiil guard and the pen
pie, to throw himself nlone in the midst of a liiiiiulliiiin
po|)ulnei, to quiet them, rescue the vielims, and liimsel:
deliver up the guilty into tin' hands of justice.*
The iluflriwiiics have had the insolence to lax lln
eoudiu't of Lafayette with wenkncss niid with siiecuinl'
iiig to Ihe lU(d); nno this false imputation has not Leu
williont its inlluence niion sjiperficial minds, who pn
fi r adopting a given opinion lo olisi rving and rellectin;;
for tliemia Ives. Were il iiccessary, il might here be tin
place lo say, llial never, and least of all during his com.
nianil of h-^.'iO, did Lal'ayelle obtain popularity by ill
limed concession. Let Ihe dislurbaiiees that neeessarih
arose in Ihe first cbullilion of the revolution of July, li.
eonipared with Ihe (listmbanees occasioned by the rene
lionnry |K)liey of tlie enbinel of the littli ol' Mmeli, nml
let it 1m; candidly dei'lnred whether any piirnlltl e\i.|.
iHlween the relati\e iiiiportuiiee and disastrous eonsr
qncnees of the one niid of Ihe otlii r. I do nol \cl speiik
of the deplorable eonlliel Ibnl has jusi filled the streets i'
Paris with blood : those days of iiioiiriiiiig will find ii
this work a place IhnI was iinl reseived fur llieiii.
.\s ,M. Ddilon It.inot reminded the jnesent niinister?
in s|M"aking of the last events of Lyons; in llie earl\
days of the revolution, when the impular ugilnlion waj
nl ils height, miiiierinis mid liinnidiible nsn inblagi.
Iinviiig manilislid improper intenlinns, Lnfayellc am.
the prellct of the Seine, men of the ri volution niid tin
movenieiil, succeeded ill repelling those liimiiltuous di
mnnds with a very dill! nut liriiiness from that wliiil;
was evineid by the men of the ji(S/r milirii. There, also
the workmen in ilitl'eri nt trades, those men still eoveren
wilh the dust of the bnilienilis, demanded, uilh lour
cries, an increase of wages ; olliers Ihe deniolilioii of inn
ehinery, wliieh they erronniislv eoiisiilercd injurious !■
their intercsls. Well; lei us lie kindly informed win
Iher the general in chief, or the first magistrate of II"
ill piirlmeni of the S'iiie, sum nilend, in nny of Ihe^'
discs, a siiigbi principle of jusliee niiil polilienl ecdnoniy
I ri'collect that some lime ntler tlie trial of the mini!-
ters, M. de iMontalivi t Ih iiig present, some nrdciil p:i
Iriols came to iid'orm Lafavi tic that a iimneroiis assein
lilage were pruieeding lo tlie Iriiimplinl nrch of the Till
lerics lo tear olV Ihe trophies of the Trocndrro. Wlia'
* A I tiruniiiflti'e ri'lflted li>' ^t il*' Mnnilniiler, III III* Mpinitiii
III iilhei r<'fi|irrts \('i\ |iniiiiil nnil ini'intt, innrrriiiiig (hr (Irnt tr
Miliiiioiinry miotmrnis. ivlinli wfri* only known lo ilic aiiihoi
ilii n III ?' nritiii ni ii iln' rMri'nttiy nl' Aiorrirne. ihrniish ihe In
h-riiiiril I nn'>|Niiiili nrc ot ilit< nriiiiM rnln ol rnrisi rthlhiin ihf $r
liel'il:. .ilivli'ly uhlrll nlwiiyii rlisrrii'lirueil Ihe rnllllllil III 1,11
l.n- ii> , I \- II ti.« Hills ln» eni'inn-s M. ili' llnntln»it i o-lniis ilini
SI ti)> It niiinnlioii I'l n \rry sifriiiy pmiIhb el ilie ('••nvUliirni A*
1.1 iiililv, 11 mil I nil lit \\ I If li ilii' ( tin thtni liml \ tttlnnix ntini IomI I.ji
iMlrllr, he, M, .Mtilllloitit t, IVi.s Nlllli k Wllh I' f )it rllllHrllv H llh
It iiM II »-iiiiir until II it utiiirilM ki pi ItiMru inn li in, niiil lis\tiiK Hsktii
the ri'ie-eii I'l nil • thci r who ii|>iH'iirtil in iitltii» inni m n iiHri- |ini
lit iiliir inniiiirr, he li'iirm il, u lili iiinMiiiti'. Ihrt en nil sliiiilnrtri'i
.tlttti*. I.nniyi*lle nrih'Mil ihe imilt'iml iniMtits le wnlfh itttt'lly, lli.v
the ilt'iinl'esiii'lhe I it'i f/riiii ill (tin lint i-t|>«-ili>i,re any tnnultuu llii
|inrl "i Ihe (siip'i , h litfc Irilioiion thi y liuil i\i lUil.
iSvas
Ihos
that
taer,
fend
Is tr
urge
licl's,
Immi
imiiu
)tcst(
fiyi
blani
new
manil
yicwi
>.'■;
Iti loi
Bee
belbre
from
panel
Lafay
him
llave
bleiitz
them 1
TIk
Vthc i
iiousai
onal t
tilizeii:
^ebl of
to the
masses,
lairs till
Odilon
fiat the
•f the I
folicit, I
femaiiis
ka.stenei
Hen,
.^ittee
LAFAYETTE AND LOUIS PIIILIl'I'E
23
tlie Ktnrii), and to prociirr
should be rcspccti'd. lit
I' wliich lii.i vant coiimiaiul
tain [lublic tranquillity ; to
[d niinistiTH, and the mdr.
•liich had reconciled iL«tlr
ends.
tic, in his cflbrfs to main,
icted upon the iiriMciple i,i'
nioveineiils, ol prcvrntin;;
•rsnadinfj rather than eo.
iintly to stem the torrent nf
ad tlie vis inertia of j;real
; niurdernns charges and
n general appeared to him
igerous seeds of hatred and
As he has hiniselt" Kaiil.
st was, to excite the aiii.
i against the imilbrnis i>;
cration ull-powerlid in lii-
lever prevented him I'rnin
sctution of his duty, how.
litic end paternal, was a|.
Itc. I have frequently hmi
myself that the benevoleni
every party, procured him
took measures that gem
onnnunications whicli the
This system of tirnmi k«
nes the rule by which lip
on looking over the jour.
nst difficult [leriods ol out
lined to him, in order li
lational gu;ird and tin' pro
the midst of a tinnullMuM
le th<^ victims, and himsil:
hiinils of justice.*
1 the insolence to tax lln
akness and with suecumli
e imputation has not Leu
iipcrfiiial minds, who prr
o ohs( rving and reltectiii;'
ssary, it niiglil here be tin
I'ust of all (luring his com
obtain popularity by ill
slurbances that ncccssarib
the reviihilioii nf .Inly, In
•s occasioned by the rear
)f the mill of Sliirch, am!
hdlicr any parallel e\i«l-
\rv. anil disastrous eonsr
>lli( r. I ilo not yet speiik
as just filled the sircil.s i>'
of mourning will find ii
refi'ived fcir lliem.
ti (I !lie present niinisleri'
I'f Lyons ; in llie carK
III' popular agilaliun wui
f >rnii>lable assc niblagr-
nliiiticins, l.aiayelle am.
if the n volution ami tin
ng those tuninltuonH di
Irinncss from that whicli
tifle milieu. There, also,
, those men still eoverfri
s, demanded, with lone
rrs the deniolitinn of nin
eonsiilcrcd injurious I'
le Kindly informi'd win
I' first magistrate of tin
ndcrcd, in any of thes.
■e ami political ei'onomv
■r tlie trial of the minis
ri "int, some nrchiit pn
that a nnmcrons usscin
imphal arch of the Tin
the Troradrro. Wliii'
J Mntiijnplrr, in liifl Mpiiioim
|»ftrt, (nnrrrning Itir first e
f>nly known lo tin- aiii|ir»
AiMrriin*'. itimitiiti ihr In
InlK nt I'mmi ■itilliiK Ihr nr
liiriM'ii Ihr rKioltiii lit l.a
ll ill MiMiilo'ii I ii'lnirii ilim
Innii nl ilic t'lnfitliii'ni M
|r IiihI I iiilrniU mini IhhI I.n
uiili r I' |M ritiiHrilv Hll^
|\ IIIU h III, lillll llN\lll| RRllilf
I iiiltii\^ liiin la n inirc pRi
lull Mini nil Mllnlniilnnrri
liiuiln III nal«h ■irn'll)', Ui>'
I «|iiili'i<ri' any inniltuilllk
I1.11I CM lllll.
„wus the general in chief's answer ? That he detested
those impious trophies, as much as any body could ; but
iiiat if it was intended to destroy tlicni in an illej;al man.
taer, he would march against the tumultuous assemblage :
knd the assemblage retired at the voice of Lafnyelte. It
Is true, that when the patriots had retired, he strongly
urged the minister of the interior lo cause those bas-re-
lieTs, detestable monuuicnts of a sacrilegoiis victory, to Ik'
liniuediately removed. .M. de Montalivet promised their
iinmediatc (iumolitiou : these baubles, howcviT, of the
Pestoratioii, were pcrniitlcd to remain until atler La-
feyotte's resignatjon. Another iisseinbliigc came to do-
Inaud their removal, in the presence of the king, of the
new general in chief of the nationul guard, and the coni-
Biander ,if the first military division, who were then re-
viewing fiiiir battalions in the eoart-yard of the Tuileries.
' In the same manner were eiraced those dear Jlenr-ile-
\is for the preservation of which so inueh anxiety had
been niauil'ested. Two popular tumults were reipiisite
before it was decided upon to remove these emblems
fi-oin the [lediments of the Palais-Uoyal, and from the
panels of the euriages of the citizen king ; which made
Lafayette say, when Louis I'liilippe was complaining to
him "of the demands of the people ; " You know that I
llnve always wished the removal of those ensigns of ('o-
Uentz and of the Restoration : 1 would have destroyed
them much earlier than you have done."
The patriots attached much importance to the removal
kfthe remains of iManuel and Koy to thu rantheon. Six
^ousaud joung men, accompanied by a number of na-
.fional guards, took |K)ssession of the biLsts of those great
Sitizcus; and in their generous inipaticnee to pay the
cbt of their country, they were marching in procession
lb the temple, when, rushing forward to meet these
Blasses, ami representing to them that by such proceed.
tgs they were taking too law into their own hands, M.
Jilon llarrot prevailed u|H)I1 them, without dilKeully,
liat the two busts hIiouIiI be deposited in the great hall
■1° the llotcl.do.Ville, until a hill, which he promised to
folicit, should have legalised the removal of their mortal
Jeiiinius lo the Pantheon. -And, indeed, the government
fca-stcned to ratify the promise of the prefect of the Seine,
5y ap|H)inting a eoinmission, over which l,al!iyette prc-
Jded,and c)ni|)oscd of Alarslml .loiinlan, .M.M.de Scho-
Ben, Jaeipieminot, and ('asiinir Delavigiic. This eoiii-
.Slittee drew up u prnjrl ile loi, whii'li was airrced to, and
Sresented lo the Cliaiiibcr by M. (iiiizot. lUit that was
fnly a compromise with danger, a (h'ception, a cowardly
•ct on the part of the men of the 7lli of .\iigust, who,
Ulcr eighteen months' delay, have succeeded in keeping
ftnni a sepulchre, on which is inscribed, 7ii //(.I i'lfi;^
ttrii, their cniinlri/ frrrilefiit, the remains of those men to
•horn Trance inconteslably owes the most gratitude.
The petty incidents and the miserable intrigues are not
ftrgotteni wliiili but lately com|K'lled the honouralile M.
ie Salverle to withdraw his moti.in, to avoid new insiills
jjo the nieiinirv of the ilcl'inders ol'libirly. lint, what is
fot known, iiiid what will probably ap|ic:ir inereilible,
veil at this liine so tertiln ill inoustrosilics, is, that Ihr
^iily ciiisc for the ir/ii/^rnimri? falling from so high a
tiiarler upon the rem liiH of .Manuel, was the analhema
•liich this great or.ilor hal dared to liiul against the
j^lder branch of Ilie Itourboiis. There are crrtaiii places
fclicre they were shocked at the biire idm of seeing a
French elianibcr heipieitli iinmortalily to a trilinilr nf
me jiriiplr, who hid dared to proil.iim, in Ilie lace of the
i'orlil, that an invliieibli' rrjiw^^nmirr separateil l''nii;i 1
'oiii tin' men of ( 'iiblcnt/. and of ({oibnron. Could llir
yicisly of the paving stones, in cunscieini', fiirgivi this
isolcnl coiili nipt for the liord's ainiinlid /
ll is iiselul to rceal llii«c circniustauec'' lo the rieiil.
h'lioii of those chaiiipions of oriler and loici', who, for
' eighteen monllis, have represculed the ineii of the
ciiplc as promolcrs of' disorder and anarchy ; pool Htidcs.
en 1 who aver that their very impopiilariiy is owing to
I'ir taliiit for iroveniiiig, and who alliit imI to know
h»l It is prei'i.ielv that iii-lini'tive svnipnlhy belweni llie
lias-ii's null ii'rt:iin men, which enables ll ore eaiily
(.'ovi'rn by |H>r "U'l- Inn or by I'.irc •, the mo t •■torm\
^avsion".
Trop popiihirily," a" I.ifiyelle h;i.i said, " docs iml
■iy:\ in d'liiii; whatever pleases the luiiMihide, Iml in
lie success Willi which you call |H'rsilMde Iheni that lliev
ijlil not do what is wrong, or in the (inmicBs willi
i^liiili, when reipilsile, you cm prevent them from doing
> wilhout losing (heir aUrcliou."
My siieli murks true popnlarily is known; not thai
|fhirh has ju«t dn nclicd the stnelH of I.yon", tirenobli',
III I'liris willi lilisid ; which marches only with the
Ifli' d match and the biyoiiel \ wlinh seallerK on all
liilr ' liilrcd and i.'vriiK<', fill* Ihn niiinliv Willi i-niifpi.
racics and plots, and diviilca France into five or six arm
ed factions, in order to live suspended amidst their divi
sions. This popularity does not bc'...ng cither to La-
faycttc or his friends ; theirs is that whose moral power
has sulliced during eight months of political storms and
conyiilsions, to settle an empire shaken even to its li)un-
dations; to defend French society against the greatest
dangers thtit have ever threatened it ; to reserve for the
operation of a doubtful law and a suspicious tribunal, the
greatest criniinals that have called down upon their heads
the vengeance of the jieople, and save, in spite of itself,
a monarchy which was hastening to its ruin ; and all
this, as M. liaHittc has observed, without causing a sin-
gle individual to put on mourning. Such is, however,
the popularity whiel; the ilnclrinaires accuse of incapacity
lor government, liut the waves lliictuate, and ministries
likewise : let us have patience.
To return to the trial of the ministers. On the break-
ing out of the first troubles in Paris aller the events of
July, Iiafayelte, admirably secondeil by the two prefects
of the Seine ami the police, and more iiiHnciliately by the
chief of his staff, had made arrangements by which tif-
teeu thousand men of the national guard might at any
time be assembled in arms at designated points, the in-
tervening spaces being constantly occupied by troops of
Ills line, equally well distributed by the judicious care of
ticneral Fabvier.
These nieasiircs to ensure public safety, did not np-
[lear to Lafayette sniliciciit to arrest the torrent wliich
threatened to overflow the capital from all quarters. In
fact, there were no longer partial assemblages to Ih' over-
come, hut ail insurrection, the more formidable as its
ranks were swi lied by thedi.seontciited of all parties, and
even by n great number of excellent citizens, who,
strangern to every faction, only conceiveil themselves to
bi! moved by a laudable feeling of indignation against
the impunity ))roiniscd lo the ministers of Charles X.
All men, in short, coiiseicntious or not, joined in the
same cry of" Dcatli and Revenge!"
The Luxembourg, the Pulais-Royal, the prisons, the
public cstablishmcnt.s, and jirivatc pro|K'rly, might U;
anil in fact were, equally threatened. 'J'he prudence and
the activity of the general in chief wore pro|iorlioncd lo
the niiiltitnde and the imminence of the dangers against
which he alone had to contend. His first care was to
arrange and establish constant eomniunicalions w i(h the
I'residenI and the Craiid Relirendary of the ChamlKT of
Peers, the minislers of war and of the inlerinr, the pie-
li'Ctsof the department and of police, (lencrals Pujol and
Fabvier, and the chiefs of the legions of the national
guard.
.•Mler .securing the co-operation nf all the cili/.en mili-
tia, and combiiiing their inovi nients with those of the
troops of the line i iiller providing for all eonlingeniies,
anil dividing the general command of I'aris into four
priiii'i|ial sections, entnislcd to the inspeelnr geniral and
lllll ■!■ major generals of ihe iiutioiial giciril : nflcr parlien-
larlv provi(lliii.r lor llir salily of the I'ahis.Uoviil, and uf
ihe'llotel-dcNille, Lafayette Inrneil all his solii'ilude to.
wards the Liixenibourg,again.<t which the popular waves
were about to (l,ish.
The principal command nfthis leadini; point of every
attack, was ciUrilstcd to 1 nionel Fi istliaiiii 1 ; and the
second eoiinnaud to liiiiitin.'iut Colonrl LiiMicat, who,
mplii Mild a tew years luliire in a politieiil trial, had brcii
eoiiilcmiii d lo death by Ilie Com I of Peers, and to whom
l.afiyelle (hoilgbl it would be granting a noble com.
pensalion, to plaer under the safcL'uard of his grind f liib
the ludgi's will, but ri'Cinlly li'iil si iili need him lo iliiilh.
When llicHe pl.ins were sittled, the e\.mini<lirs were
IraiistI ired Irom the casdn of Vincenncs to the prison of
Ihe l.iiM'inbourg, in wliii h the generoiity of Lal'iyelli'
had prep'ircil tiir those greiil culprits every eonilbrt which
could alleviate tin ir nuHforlimc.
'I'lie government had wished that their removal should
take place in Ihe niijlil : Lafayiile, on the contrary, re
quired that it -liould lake pi ice in the davtiuie ; and thi'>
I'onfnleiii'C was sinici.iful ; ihc olqcetsnl so much Imlred
and iiieinici' tra\ersed at iiooii, and willioiit lenirMei a
sinirle inmlMln' mo.<l populous part.i nl'the capital, tilled
uitliaii irril.iti'il bill silent iiiillliliidi'.
No one, lniHe\ei, einild nii'laki' lie' llioiighls of Ihe
people. The death of llie miniilers was c\idenlly desired
and expected; and il was certain that if they coUMnled
nol to take jiislice into their own liiinds, it was only Im'.
e iu«e they had a firm couviclion that the ( 'oiirl of I'eern,
Hhalever its pirlialily, would never ilnie to refuse tliciii
the heads of the guilty.
liHlayrlle iinderslood the ncccusily of no longer kicp.
liig up that delusion, slid of preparing the public mind
(ijr what he wan well awiiie would lie tho Isnin of Ihe
trial. Then, and in spite of the solicitations of the nifii
who really fcarid, and of those who secretly wished Iho
loss of Ilia popularity, he declared, in an order of the day,
that whatever the sentence of the high court might be,
he would take care that it should be res|ii'ctcd.
The following is the document which, siiinniing up the
principles of his long |)olilleal life, atlests the abnegation
which lie always niiide of himself in the greatest crisic.'*
of our two revolutions.
URUKH OF TIIK D.W OF THE IOtII OF DECFMI.En, 1830.
" III the cireimi.stances which dilVerenl passions and
different interests, at the expense of public peace nml li!-
gal order, endeavour to render critical, the general in
chief coi'imenccs by thanking all the national guards
and troops of the line, who, in Hie services liny have
perliuined these few days past, undir his orders, have
shown by their zeal, their good spirit, and their union,
that the cause of liberty has good dcli'ndcrs against an
archy and contempt of the laws, 'i'hc Icslimonies of
confidence and nfl'eilion which he has lately experienced
while visiting tho posts, as well from the troops mider
arms as from the rest of the eilizcns, have moved his
wvirinest gratiUide. These sculinicnts are entirely re-
ciprocal.
" 'J'he commander in chief, at the lieginning of this
week, when the glory of the great week appears in dan-
ger of being tarnished by disorders and violence, lliinkH
it his duty to reniind his fellow-eiti'.'.ciis of Ihe principles
and experience of his whole life.
" lie will not address himself to the coiiiilcr-ri volii-
tionists, to the partisons of the fillen dynasty, to Ihe old
servants of all arisloer.u ies and of all <lcspiili>ms, who,
noteonlent with the protietion given to them by a genr-
roiis people, and by the rights of a liberty making no
execplions (Ihe only true liberlyl, would wish, as in the
first Revolution, and at the risk of being themselves it.i
victims, lo bring hack a third Restoration by dis • !er,
anJ, under a hypoerilieal mask, to siibstitule licentious,
ncss in lieu of liberty, to which it is a mortal enemy, to
pollute, by anarchy and murder, our spotless revoluiion,
10 eneomage our externni cneniics, to dispel Ihe adinira-
lion of the world, and thus to destroy the ctreets of Iho
example we have given it ; the general in chief has never
had any thing in eommoii willi them.
" Still less does he address hiiiisilf to those men linbi-
liiated lo crime, ardent liir pillai;c, who may regret that
liic rapidity iiiiil the purity of the victory did not Icavn
them time lo execute their w ickcd purposes. JMost ccr-
lainly, under whatever pielexl they disguise IhemselvcH,
Ihey will not mislead a virlnons, laborious, intelligent,
people, who, even in the licil of comb, it, have testified
till ir horror of such excesses and such nun.
Ihit if, among that populiilion itself, there should bn
lonnd xvell.inlcniioncd although niislid cili/.ens, who
might think llicy were .mrving justice by commitling
against her the griatest of crimes, that of nniiaeing the
judge, or taking, as il is said, justice into their own
hands; who think Ihey em sitvc liberiy, which is so-
vcrciirn justice, by employing means « liii h thai liberiy
repriiliites ; who, in short, on account of partial diseoti-
11 Ills, would desire lo destroy their own work, nf Ihe
risk of whatever might hapin'ii ; I will remind them tlirt
it was thus, at a former period, Ihc French people fell
suec(ssi\ely info the horrors of an annrchieal and sail,
giiinaiy lyranny, whence proceedid lianKriipley, liiminr,
and llie iiitiruimm; then, llirough ik cotiric of dcspoljsm,
lo Ihe shame of a Restoration imposed upon us by for-
eiglliT'^.
" The eoiifldcncp, however, of the general ill rhief in
Ihc Piivisian |M'opli', in the brave and generous conqiicr-
ors of .Inly, in thai energelic yoiilli of wliom lie glorii n
in bring Ihc cmislanl friend, in his dear fillow suldiers
of the national guard, has iiol been fiu one instant sha-
ken : ihii* Ihey will always find him wln't hu was nt
uini li'cn ye ir» of age, whit he ws- in 17'-'.l and l^HII,
and H hit l,e v ill conlinur to be durimr the few vol j lie
may yet linvc (o live ; ihc iiiaii ol lllerty and public
order, hoiiig hit popuUiilv mm h luoie linn Iili', but
dctcrniinid to saerifice liolh, rnther tli,-ii tail in any
duty, or perniil a crime, and deeply pcrnnided Ihal no
I ml lulilies the mi alls which public or private nioiulity
disowns.
" lie llioiighl lit out Imrricades, tinil the present go.
vcrmneiit, linmdcd U|Hin the sovi n ienly of the people,
h.iviiig lit ils head Louis Philippe (he First, was the best
nrninuemeiil which, iindrr the circmii'laiiees of France
and of I'lirope, we could iiilopl. lie Ihiiiks so still ; and
dell nils the governmenl, not only liecause he has pnv
mlsed lo do so, bill also iM'oanse he has not < hanged his
mind. .\» III Ihe other conibitiuliuiis of our iHilllical
24
LAFAYBTTTE AND LOUIS PinUPPE.
I'xiiitenci', as to the sccondnry measures of aiiiiiiiiistra
tioii, it is in the tribune, it is any where except in an
order of the day, that lie ouglit to state liis opinion. A
popular throne siirrouitdtd hi/ ripuhlicun iitslilultnns ;
sucli was the projrrainnic adopted at tlie Ilolel-de-Ville,
by a jMitriot of \'i&.t, heeonie a citizen king, 'i'lie peo.
pie, as well as the king, will show themselves faithful to
that contract.
" The general in chief, quite certain of being sup-
ported by his patriotic fellow citizens, some of them his
fellow soldiers, all nf them, he ventures lo say, his friends,
in his devotion to the principles of liberty and public
order, which ho will never abandon, even should he fnid
himself alone, noiv depends upon their co-o))cration for
tlic strict and faithful execution of all their duties.
" IjAF.vyr.rrE.'
This hmgu.Tge raised up against the general in chief
all the parties whose ex|H'ctations it thwarted, or who;
passions it irritated. These ditferent parties did not
tliink themselves beaten; and horrible ciies for ven-
geance and death were a prelude to the scenes which
were to accompany those memorable debates. I'aris
was in a state ot' consternation, as il' on the eve ol' one
of tliosc inevitable catastrophes of which it is imiKjssiblc
for mortals to calculate tlie results. In the eyes of the
people, it seemed possible for the Hepublie, the lOnipire,
the Rcitnratiun, the Convention, Napolion the Sicond,
Henry V., Charles X., any thing except the establi.shment
of the throne of Louis Hhilijipe, lo arise from this
chaos.
It was in the midst of this general panic that the
trial commenced. The peers themselves were struck
with terror; and it was only after long endeavours, and
the reiterated assurance given by Latayette that he
would answer lor their inviolability with his own head,
that our conscript lathers commenced those debates in
which their dearest atfeetions were in (lucbtion.
Latayette had composed the garrison of the Luxem-
bourg of national guards and troops of the line, between
whom he had done all in his power to est.iblish the most
pcrlect harmony. Numerous battalious of the Parisian
guard delended all the approaches of the pal.ice; others
were on duty at the Louvre, the I'alais-Uoyal, and the
Chamber ol' Deputies, or were stalioned at iheditUrenl
points of the capit.d at which popular assemblages
might form themselves with the giealt st facility ; the
legions belonging to the district of I'atis occupied, as
corps of rc'erve, the exterior lloulevards ; and were
connected by |K)sIs, at short intervals, with the armed
force esiwcially chariicd to cover the Luvembourg. In
fine, numberless patnles were marching in i very <iirec.
tion through Paris, tor the purim.e of dis|Hrsing the
dilVerent assemblages that were eontinuiiUy tbrmiiig in
increasing number-', with the iutenlinn of procieihng
towards tlic Luxend)onrir. However, ii\ spite ol' all the
precautions which pnidence and energy could dictate,
immense crowds had llirmed at every point of the capi-
tal ; violent tumults broke out; the streets ai\d o|M'n
places adjacent to the Luxenil)ourg were soon taken
possession of by an ijisurgent populace, which, and a
portentous circnm.«tanee it was, were not the jKople of
tlio barricades.
The daiiger was growing more and more iinnilncnt :
tlie dense ranks of the battalions whirh delended the
advanced posts wire broken: the jM.ople were alreatiy
attai'king tin' irri ,it u'atu of tin' palace ; licprrid <'ries ri-
soundt d eM'ii in the nilerior of ihr Iribun.il ; a few more
eilbrtsnn tlie pail of the insurgents, nnd all woidd have
iH'cn o\er; llie sancfiir.rv of juKtice wiadd h.ive U'en sul-
lied by the blood of the aeruseil, and, pi rbnps, by that
of their indices ; the ii volution would then havi' been
dishoiioiiri d ; and (I>'il only knows what storms might
have fillen n|Hin I'l.i im 1
Latiiyelte, who, I'lmii tin' comnieni I'mi til of the trial,
had est:ibli~hed his In ad-ipiarlcrs at the LiKeniboiirg, did
not he,«itale, aeecudmg to his custom, lo leave the pro.
tecting ranks of the national guards and throw hiniw If
iiito the midst of the in.siirgent crowds ; he would not
permit anr one to follow him, except some of his aidc<i.
df-camp, of whom I was one. It vain it was rrpri^ent-
rd lo liim how rooh this step was, inasmuch as the imil-
litude, at whone iiierev he was plat ing himself, did not
Consist of the mm ot July. .\iid. indieil, this disorder
Iv asiTinblagr of the most il graded portion of the [mpu-
lacp of Paris an ' he poljtieal laclionr, had nnlliing in
common with the detennincd but linm si h-jm'cI of the
combataiil« of tin biirrieade:>. They no longer consist-
ed of those honest working men, with sinewy arms, co-
vered with iliisl, and blaekrned w Itli gmijiowiii r, fiphtini!
for Uie liberty of tin ir i-oiinlry, hut a crowd of thieves,
convicted ciiininalF, abmuloncd characters, mid agents of
the police, who are constantly at the service of whomso-
ever will pay them, whose ignoble I'eaturcs and ragged
appearance contrasted at every step with the aristocratic
manner and elegant attire ot the agents who directed
their motions, amongst whom were to be observed seve-
ral clergymen in disguise. Nevertheless, Lafajette
threw himself into the midst of this lawless mob, from
whom, however, he received no insult, and who stopix-'d
at once at the voice of the very man wli6 had been held
up to all their hatred, and who, they were told, wanted
to save the lives of the enemies and nuirderers of the
people.
'I'his step, bold even to temerity, saved the Luxem-
bourg. The mob, however, returning to its tirst im-
pulse, soon recoinmeneed the attack ; but the national
guard op|H)6cd their elVoris and their cries for " death 1"
with so much patience and admirable courage, that the
('oiirt of Peels were enabled from Ihat moment to con-
tinue their discussions in full security : the furious cries
tor the death of the ministers, no longer reached them ;
and the sentence was pronounced witliout a single
drop of blood being shed, or even a single shop pillaged.
It was u|Mm this day of dilllculty that Latayette pub-
lished the tijUowing order of the day :
ORDF.It OF TUK DAY OK THE 'JlsT OF UECEMnEIl.
" The general in chief cannot lind terms ailequate to
his teelings, to express to his tellow soldiers of the ini-
tioiial guuril and of the line, his admiration and grati-
tude t'or the zeal, firmness, and devotion, which they
manilested during the dilllcult events of yesterday. He
knew well that his eonHdencu in their patriotism would
be justified on every occasion ; but hi: regrets extremely
the fi.tigiie and inconvenience to which they are expos-
ed : he wishes it was in his [Mjwer to obviate them : hut
he is only at libcfty to partake them. We all equally
t'l el the necessity ot det'ending the cajiital against iiia-
levolence and anarchy, of protecting the jK'rsons and
properly of t'amilies, of preveiiling our revohition from
l)eiii',' tariii.-hcd by crime, and our honour t'rom being
eompromised. We are all bound, as one man, to cxe.
cute those sacred duties ; and in the midst of the sor-
row which 111"' limuilts of yesterday have caused him,
and those whirh are threatened to-day, the general in
chief experienees much consolation, and a pert'ect si'Cii-
rity, in the senliinents which he ent.'rtains lor his dear
and brave comrades in the del'encc ol' liberty and public
ordir.
" I.AFAVr.TTE."
The tumiills of the day before were iiideid renewed
on the :2ll of Miceniber; but anarchy, still powerless,
exhatislcd ilsilf ill vain ctVorls ; the law was triumph-
ant.
However, the P.ilais-Uoyal, which was still threatened
by great danger, th'iun;)|| |ii io stimulate anew the zeal
of its del'enders. The king addressed a letter to the
general in eliiel", which Ihi' Idler comrniinicated to the
national guard in the I'ollow log order of tin' day : —
OIlDEIl OK IIIE DAV OK 1111; 'i'-lu OK UEIEMIIEB.
" r.very order of the day, at this crisis, can only re-
peat the thanks of the geiier.il in chief lo his dear fellow
widiirs; bieaiise evuy day gives them new claims
to his public and personal graliliitc. Their conduet
under present eireuinslaiices will be useful lo the gene-
ral cause of liberty and public oriler. It v\ ill show
uh.'il those iiisliliillons are which are fnimibd upon all
enlarged and eonipii le eonlidenec hi I'Veiic li rights anil
liehiigs; il marks mil oiii iliilies, whieli we will all liil-
til; and the revohition of ,luly, which reeals lo the
gerii'riil in chief so niMiiy leeolli elioiis t'^loiious liir his
dear comradi'H, so many nun ks of their alii elioii and
eonlidenee towards lijiii, tiiriiiing iimoii!.'sl us all, men of
.Inly, nil indissoluble bond, shall remain great and gene-
rolls.
" The gincrnl in chief would wi-li to particularise all
his nbliratinns, hut w hat can he do iiinie satisl'nelorv to
the naliimal guard than lo pnlili.h without delay this
lettfr which lie lni« just received :
Tht Kiv/f's LeIIrr lo /^fai/itif.
" 'Tiicsilny Aloininii, 'J^M nirnnbrt
" ' It is lo you, my dear general, that I address my-
self, in order to Iriiusinil to mir lirive and indelliticabli'
natiniial guard, the i xpn ssion of my ndniiration for the
'/eal mill energy which tin y lia\e shown in maintaining
public |s 'lee and preventing all ihsoider.
" ' hut lo you, likiwise, my dear general, I must n •
turn Ihiinks, who have again given ih, on those dllli-
eiUl days, an eKiiniple of coura|;e, patriotism, nnd ri •
sjMel Ilir the laws, wliiih you liavi' so ollcii liiaiufested
dining your li ng nnd noble euiru'.
" ' Express, in my name, how much pleasure I expe
ricnced in seeing the revival of that fine institution of
the national guard of which \vc had been almost entirely
deprived, and which rose again in all its vigour and pa-
triotism, finer and more iiiunerous than ever, as soon aa
the glorious days of July had broken those shackles by
which they had hoped lo nullify it. It is this great in-
stitution Uiat ensures amongst us the triumph of the
sacred cause of liberty, as well by causing our na-
tional independence to be respected abroad, as by pre-
serving the authority of the laws from any attack n,
home. Let us not forget that there is no liberty without
law, and that there is no law where any power succeeds
in paralysing its action and setting itself above it.
" ' Such are, my dear general, the sentiments which
I beg you to express on my part to the national guard.
I rely upon the ronlinuation of their efforts and yours, in
order that notliing may disturb that public tranquillity
of which Paris aiv! I' ranee have so nmcli need, anil
wliii'h it is so essential to maintain.
" ' Accept at the same time, my dear general, the as-
surance of the sincere friendship which you know I en-
tertain for you.
" ' LoL'13 PiiiuprE.' "
However, almost the whole of the inhabitants of
Paris, and of that same citizen guard which liad so cou-
rageously protected the lives of the nihiistcrs from the
summary justice of the people, positively expected that
the high court would pronounce upon them sentence of
death. On the other hand, the enemies of the new order
of things, who were acquainted with this disposition ot'
the public mind, and who wished a violent reaction to
take place, had, some hours before the pronouncing of
the sentence, spread the [K'rlidious report that the pccia
had sentenced the ministers to capita! punishment.
This intelUgence, intentionally scattered through every
part of Paris, was received with genuine ciitlmsiaBm ;
even those who had expressed the greatest horror at any
attempt against the lives of the ministers, or the inde
IK'udcnec of their judges, assented to the terrible verdict
which they believed had been pronounced ; but great
was the disappointment and indignation of all these
men when they heard that the punishment of death had
been evaded, and that perpetual imprisonment, if there
could lie any thing perpetual in polities, was the only
punishment reserved tor the men who, during three
loiii! days, had deluged the streets of Paris with blood.
When this sentence was made known, a violent agita-
lion broke out among the battalions of the national
iliiard on duty in the court-yard of the Iiuxcnibour}!,
.111(1 lliey loudly demanded to be immediately relieved.
These honest citizens had 'Endured every kind of futig'.ic
and privation, they had braved every menace, and used
every elVort, to prevent the ministers from being assassi-
nated ill their prison, and to secure to them all the
guarantees of a regular trial ; but they had not conceiv-
ed il possible that the aulhursof so many massacres nnd
calamitii s could escape the punishment whieh the law
of the eoiuilry irreniissilily infiicts upon less guilty
criminals.
This explosion of discontent, extremely scrioua, on
account of the social |)osilion of the men amcmgst whom
it was iiianilt'sted, might spread to a distance, nnd occa-
sion incalculable evils. Liiliiyelte, who was still at tlii'
Liueiiibiiiirg, pioei (lied with all haste to his cumradea.
and addressed them with feeling and persuasion; ami
so strong was lliealVieliim whieh boiiiid the national guanl
III its old general, lhat at his voice, the anger of tliosi
brave eiti/enti was appe.'ised, as if by cnchantmi lit.
.Meanwhiii , it had been necessary to reconduct t.i
Viini lines Ilie prisoners, w hose si ntenee, severe as II
was, produced mi Ihe pulilii niiiid the (ll'tct of an nliso
lute bill of iiiili'iiiiilty. The govi riimenl hail pru|Hised
to riniove lliein secretly, in the night which precedril
that III) whii'li the senli nee was proiiouni ed.* Lul'avelti'
was not of this opinion : he wished that the niimstcm
should be liikin back lo Viiuenui • in the same iiiamier
IIS they had been brought to the Luxembourg, namely, in
Ihe day-time, and that tlieir removal should not tuki'
place until idler the senleinc, whatever it might be.
However, the jurispriidenee of the Court of I'een
not ri'ipiiring that the aei used should be present whin
Ihe SI nil nee was pronoiinecd, Lafayette t tVeclcd llini
lemoval immcillately alVr the lermmatiun of the dc
hales.
For this purpose, he had nrrnngrd beforehand willi
the pri siili III, thill the neciiscd should be carried bai li
to tliiil part III' the palace which served ns their prison,
as soon as the legal liirins periiiilteil ; nnd with tin
* Il Hat priiiiiiunced RI iKlf piist isn in the rveninf
Iniiiii
to Vi
«s po
Vas
Gene
Inloll
maiii
II
the
Lux
the il
all iu
fov
dncci
Was SI
Chi
tciice
tion.
the ai
their I
falli
than '
Wh
nouiic
be I
aiuu I
LAFAYEFTE AND LOMS PIIIMPPE.
25
w much pleasure I expo
)t' tlmt fine institution of
: had been almost entirely
1 in all its vigour and pu.
ous than ever, as soon aa
broken those sliacklcs by
y it. It is this great in-
t us tlic triumph of the
;cll by causing our na-
iccted abroud, as by pre-
laws from ony attaek a,
here is no liberty without
here any power succeeds
ting itself above it.
il, the sentiments which
rt to the national guard.
their efforts mid yours, hi
> that public tranquillity
ave so much need, and
itain.
my dear general, the as-
lip which you know I en-
" ' Loi'is PiiiLiprE.' "
Ic of the inhabitants of
guard which had so cou-
f the ministers from tim
, i)ositively expected thai
e upon them sentence of
enemies of the new order
d with this disposition of
lied a violent reaction tn
;fore the pronouncing of
ious report that the peers
capita! punishment.
Ily scattered through every
ith genuine enthusiasm;
the greatest horror at any
e ministers, or the indi'
ited to the terrible verdiit
n pronounced ; but great
indignation of all tliCKu
punishment of death hail
ul imprisonment, if there
in polities, was the only
men who, during three
ets of Paris with blood.
'■ known, a violent agilii-
attulions of the national
ard of the Luxembourg!,
be immediately nlieved,
reel every kind of fatigue
every menace, and used
isters from l)eing assassl-
!-eeure to them all the
)ut they had not eonceiv-
'ho many massacres nnd
ishment which the law
illicts upon less guilty
Lt, extrrmely serious, nii
'the men amongst whom
[l to a dli<tanee, and oeea-
tie, who was still at tlir
I haste to his eomradei,
ig and persuasion ; and
I bciuiid the national guard
•ice, the anger of tho^(
if by em iKinlmi Ml.
|(( ssnry to reriimluel In
M ntenee, severe as il
il the ( lliel of an aliixi
I rnment had proposid
night wliieli preceded
J|iliiiMiune( d.* l.ufavettc
Lhed that the mimstcrn
]i( ■ in the sumo manner
.\i.<emboiU'g, minu'ly, in
Moval shiiuld not tukr
[latever it might be.
jf the Court of IVeii
lliould be present when
l.afuyette ell'eeti'd lluir
Irnnmatiun uf the dc
Ingrd heforehnnd with
Ihoiilil he carried hack
|served as their prison,
iilti il ; and with llir
I ten III lilt pvciiini
ininister of the interior, that they should be translerred
Id Vhicennos in the most private manner, and as quickly
«s possible. The execution of this im|)ortant measure
\vas entrusted by Lafavette to the exi'liisive care ot
General Fabvior, who acquitted himself ul it with the
Inlolligcnee and zeal whieli that worthy olhcer ever
manifested in the discharL'O of his duty.
It was four o'clock in the uftoriioon. Tlio troops ol
the line and the national guard who delended the
iu.\eml)0urg, those who were charged to keep order in
the Interior of the palai e, the crowds winch besieged
«ll its approaches, every one, except llio judges and a
few privileged per.-ons, were ui.der the iiiipr,'Ksiuii pro-
duced by the rumour of the sentence of death which
Wassaid to have been proii'iuiieeil against the ministers ol
Charles X. And, as I have already observed, this sen-
lenec had been received with almost universaUalislac-
tinn. No one expected the comparative acquittal of
the accused, who, themselves, when brought back to
Iheir prison, were Ireinhling with the apprehension of
falling victims to the popular vengeance, yol more
than of their being led to execution.
When Lieutenanl-colonel Lavocat camo and an-
nounced to the eundemiied, that they were about to
be carried back to the castle of Vineennes, the iinpres-
■iun produced on them by this inlelligenre evidently
was, that tiieir last hour was approacliing ; but on
■Colonel Lavoeat's telling them that lie would be an-
lewerablu for their lives, they prepared to follow thai
'ollicer to the entrance-hall of the palaeo, where the
guard of the prison was waiting for them under arms.
JProlbund anxiety was depicted on the countenance of
^M. de Polignac; resignation and eonrago were visible
jIn the calm and expressive features of iM. de Peyron-
riet ; the aspect of M. do Chantelauzo, was that of ii
'tnan in the greatest anguish of mind, whieli ho was
-«tru!'gling to overeoine ; ho inspired an indescribable
feeling of regret and pity ; M. Guernon de IJanvilh
strove to appear iiidill'erent ; but he was only resisrned.
JTlie whole four uf lliein, it must be said, manil'ested
^at this trying moinent, the dignity of misfortune, and
-'ft determined courage. The act of Lieuteiianl-colonel
•liavocat, delivering up his prisoners to Colonel Feist
'liainel. who was wailing for them at the head of the
,?nalional guard on duly in the interior of the prison,
4niay be termed a ilraiiialie scene. What iiiighl ho the
^cimdnet of that guard at the sigtit of tiiose great eri-
jniinals who, they thought, had been sentenced to
,'dcatli, and whom they now saw escaping the sword of
"jUKliee. And it, recolleeliiig the blood of u father, a
brother, a son, or a iVieiid, slied by their hands, u sin.
}g\o national guard had greeted their passage with a
€-ry of vengeance, what might not have been feari'd
frmn llie exasjieratiou of the thirty or liirly tliousaml
jnl'nriale iiioii, who. not more than a hundred pai c-
i from thence, had been loud'y calling, the last foui
' days, for the dealli uf the ministers / Hut the eundiirt
of lliusu brave ciliiLens, was that of men of lioimur; the
reoiideiimed passed through their ranks, which stood in
.^silent subuiissiuil to a sentence they did not approve;
, Witliimt a word, a look, or a gesture, liiat could either
wouiiil or alarm them.
Ill this manner the prisoners arrived at the carriage,
^tiiirroiliided by a ili'tacliineiil of cavalry under the
.orders of (ienvral Kabvier, who had also stationi'd mi-
'.; ineruus posts upon the whole ro.td along wliieli they
i had III pass. [Seated in a llixlil ealasli, by llio sides ul
\v hull tii'iieral I'abvier and the iiiinister ot til, interior
(Were galloping, the prisoners were rapidly conveyed t.i
' \'ini eiiiies ; iind, if I am not iiiui h mistaken, the iiiu-
'► ini'iit w hen the draw bridge of that ancient fortress w us
iritised behind them, was the happiest of tin ir wind,
Ilivi'N. lie tills as it may, mi attack, no aeeideiit, in
iiiiiiii!l took place, duiing lliut shuil but perilous
journey.
I have related what liap|»ned at the Luxemhnurg,
When the sinlenee and the removal of tile ministers In
icaiiie known at one and the same time. What would
(have happened had those two eireiimslances been known
^a few niimili's sooner, it is iin|s)ssilile to say.
Ihitlie lollowiiig day tranipiillity prevailed in the ea
Ipilal; and I.al'iyette, mindl'iil of the great service whieli
Itlie national guards of Paris had just reiulered to all
iFraiiee, teslifud his gratitude to them in a public proela-
Imatlon.
(hiler bring every where restored, danger over, all
Ji'cnrs ilis-.ipati'il, nothing new opposiij the mano'iivri'i of
Ithi' niemies of the prograiiiine of the lloti l-de-Xille, file
Idiploniille intrigues, every Kind of |ealoiisy wliirli, pre-
IvieUi to the Iri.il, had pufued a man who had inMr
deigned to take a step or speak a word to del'cnd him-
self from them, revived with the return of tranquillity ;
and in the following chapter it v ill be seen with what
indeeeiit ingratitude they proceeded to heap deceptions
and disgust upon this saviour, to whom, a few days bc-
Ibie, they prolessed to owe every thing, from the crown
itself, even to that respect for order and the law, which
can alone give it splendour, value, and durability.
Till
CHAPTER XVI.
f'nart, Ilie ('liaiiiln'r of t'li'is, 'li.' chaiiilier of Di'imties, llii'
iiiiiii^liy, nnd lln: Icmi-n ih|iliiiii.illsls, n nunc i,ii:nihi'r aiiaiiisl
I.aCuiilf— .Mniivi's 111' ilns i-nii?.iiir.n\ — ritltiiiiiin's riii-iiiati li
alir.i.'nl— 'I'll!' niini^irv iilllii- tiniit nf .Novi'iiiliiT slums iiisile cri-
IV iiphiikIs t.iilav.'ll''— t'oiiil' of lln' diiplirlly of llial iiiinislry—
l':\rr|ilnin>— filil'inu'efllli' -J till of l)ei-niilii-i — t.ilfnyi'ni' uivi-s in
Ills icsmMainin— tii|iiilplislicd li'in r of l.:iiii>iin' M iln' kini:—
'I'll,' kliiu's answiT— Siiiiiulai exriisi-— Inn rxii'W liriwci-ti t.airi> ■
eili'llnd llii' kiiia— 'I'lnlr c'\|ilMn:illnii- nil Ilie sy^li in iif acivi'iii
iin III— L:ifaM'lli- pi r.-isis in iriidtTiri:: his risiniialiuii— Aiinilu'i
liii;iiililislii'il li'lli'r fr Lafayille In the kiiiif.
'I'lic sentence which condeumed the miiiistersofCharles
X. to perpetual iniprisonmeiit, w.is delivered on the
rJIst uf Uccember, at half past ten at nitrlit. The exas-
peraliun of tlie enemies of the royalty called citi/cii, was
at its height; other disorders, equally serious with those
of the three preieiling days, broke out uii the ;.''Jd ; and,
upon this occasion, all the attacks of the discontenti'd
were directed against the Paliiis.Ruyal, where conster
nation and terror prevailed; but these new etVorts of
powerless rajre were again broken by the iiiishaken lirm-
iiess of Lafayette, the ilevotedness of the national guard,
and the cordial and decided co-operation of the youth of
tlie public schools.
On the t!I)d, order was completely restored ; and, as I
have said just before, nothing now seemed to oppose the
development ot the machinal ions which the suspicions
jealousy of the court, the intrigninir ambition of tin- due.
Iriniiiris, and the interested malevolence of the foreign
liiploinalists, had cuiitrived against Lafayette.
This conspiracy of the niusly remains of every gone-
hy regime, against the purest an<l most unalterable pa-
Iriutisni, had been I'or a long time preparing. Long lie-
tore, these honest Jiirlriiiaires, in euncert with <!ertain
ambassadors, had taken care to publish in some lOnglish
and (ierinaii newspapers, that Lafiyette was more a
king than the king liiinself, and that Louis Philippe
was nothing more, iu the hands of the general in chief
of the nnned naliuii, than an instrimieiil which the latter
made use fit' to deceive t'lireiirn eahinels, uiilil he sliunid
have laid the I'oimdations of a vast republic, and implant-
ed thruugluiiit all l-hirope hisch^ar .\merieaii institiitiuns.
The must insidious earieaturi's were sliuwn Iu Louis
Philippe, represenling him with tliceniwn in his hand
and Lafayette saying Iu him, "Sire, pray be ('uvered 1"
Some deputies even went so tiir as Iu iitfeet calling La-
''lyette, iu the saloons, and even in the king's cabinet,
the iiiin/'tr nj' l/u' /lulaci'.
The court, on its side, was extremely disposed to ut
tend Iu these Insiniiiitiuns ; indeed they were not iieees
sary to evince its exlnine dislike I'or Latiiyelte. In fact,
althuiigh he hail professed the sineeresi atli elion towards
this finiily t'runi the lime he had beeuine acquainted, as
he imagined, with their private lil'e ; and iiIiIiuul'Ii from
Hie siiii|iliiily of their duniestie iiiaiincrs, he had eoii-
ehidrd that they eurdiilly enlerlaineii natiunal st nil.
iiicnls;* huwever respeitliil his behaviour tu the king, as
wi II as the leriiis in which he spoke of him in the tri-
liiliie and every where else; in line, however sincere the
private and public teslimunirs of alfiiiionale rea;ard la-
visbed iipuii liiiii liy Louis Philippe; il was evident tlial
a eiiiirt wliicli already meditated the revival ut' the royal
eliipirltr and iintiqiiatcd pomp which Lafiyette thoii^lil
were biirird fur ever, a court eaiikerealen by the JiidIi
iiiilifii, by yieisi resturiitiuu anil 7'ui.<i-lei;iliiiiaey, imist
li'i'l iinpatieni and humiliated iiiiiler the iiilliienee of a
eili/.eu whose very presence reminded il incessantly ol
• 'I'll any itnn wlin fnw, tn ttio rnitv pirloit uf ttie rnvnlly nl
liiU'. till- fiiiilty nf tiiiiilti l'liillp|i», R'tnnii rnind a wrr^.-tnlit-. nnd
• xiiiliiniiu ilii> iiiusi ptinriial, liii' iinist Iti^al. iiiiil ilii iiei-t ^lln,<t•
iiniiiii<r> tlii> di'liistnii i>( l.iil'.ui'ite will ri|ie<Mr ipilh' iiainritt lln
-<l'>f,'llir'i' nf lliw palai e tlli'll nl)l\' Himiiltll liv llie llli'll nf .tlilv, In
wh.isi' tldi'lliy III'' iini"! Inin'Mir.ilil'' )in»i« wrrn fur n Inim iliin'' en
irii-'i'd: *lit' iili'TU nil I r 's|H'i ifiil taiiiilinrt y v\tiirti |>rr\uili'd in
llllll II W lis I'X.
Ill Itir I'lillid
. llllll nnniriiw
I; lilt' nil. rl\ nil I
III!' iipiirliiii'iiis-. r. MIS' it I'vt'ii inn Aiiii'ihiiiis
nrllv llie siilii" us nl llin ri'sldi'liri' of til" l*r''sldi'i
Hi-iti'.. W'liiii a illiti rrni'i' li iwci'ii Iti ii rmilldinr
"lid ilin dislriisi tiiiit III .Hull t ride wlileli iiinv stirr<itiiid ilifiii^elvi's
Willi ilin worn nut fiisi', ^ nf llie It' siorniii'ii. VN'hn, ni lliat ilnii',
twld't II IXC vi'lililli'd tn |.|''<'lrt III |. snru'nllnll nf llllll iTnWil nl
ui'lilli'lin II I'fltii' iH'ilrliaiiiln r. la. lie* ill wiillnii iiiil<'s d. .ctiiiip, itfli
I It I* ifnntiiniuittri; l-lip'lHnui'rn, unit I'llinilln'rlillns ; In lliii', tinti
li'T'l III vnk'iM, ititl imw aepaiKiii itiii king fmai llie nsi nl the iia
ii'iii I
the programme of , Inly, and the republican conditions of
the monarchy of the barricades.
The dislike of tlie Crown was heightened by that of
the old Kuro|M'an aristocracies, which, during half a cen-
tury, have professed their abhorrence of Laf'ayetle, as the
most persevering enemy of divine right, exclusive privi-
lege, and of all the abuses for the preservation of which
cabinets are leagued against the emaneipalion of the
people. Alter making incredible eft'orts to destroy him
in 17"J'J; after throwing every obstacle in the way of his
release t'runi the dungeons of Oliniit/, at the end of five
years uf horrilile caiitivity; arter being, in KSl.^, on the
point of fiiiiling him at the head lA' a renewal of the
inoveiiK lit of I7HII ; allcr wilnessini; his trinmpiiant jour-
ney tbrongh .\iiieriea, and cndnriiig the attacks which,
during lil'leeii years, he ilaily directed against Ihein from
the Irihune; those aristocracies, becoming more iniplaca-
ble tlie mure he hiiinhled tliciii, again saw him snildenly
statiuned at the helm of a revolution entirely pupular,
rejecting any throne but uiie cumbincd with essen'^.xlly
republican institutions, .and hiniself, at all times a de-
clared republican, giving, from the very outset of that
revolution, a high tone to Freiicli diplomacy, and iiiak-
ing it priielaim the system of non-intervention which
was to ensure the emancipation of the nations, and the
destruction of the treaties upon which the lioly Alliance
rested.
Nothing, therefore, was more natural than that all the
old cabinets should unite their cH'urts to oxerlhrow La-
fayette, and neiitrali.se the decisive intluenee which he
was likely to exerei.sc over the new destinies of Lurope.
I'or which |)urpose the diplomatists raked up every pre-
eeileiil, to convince Louis Philippe of the impossibility
of any good uiidcrstanding being established between a
cabinet snbjeetcil tu the guidance of that man, and the
old goyerniiKnts towards wlium he had manifested the
most irrecoiicileahle eiimity during forty-live years.
They represented that his removal was a coiicessiun suf-
lieient tu purchase the guod-wiU of the eabinets fur the
new dynasty, whilst, if that coiil'ession were refused, it
would he necessary tu prepare fur all the consequences
of till! displeasure of the Holy Alliance.
To use the words of an ambassador, fear efl'ectcd even
more than diplomacy had promised itself The disgrace
of Lafayette was readily eonccdi d, without relleeting
that this scandalous sacrifice would tend to the advan-
tage of the enemies of France without in the least alter-
ing the nature uf the questiuii, the radical iiKompiililiilily
lietweeii absolute guvernments and rcvohitiiiiiary iiiunar-
chies.
On the other hand, as Roon as it found itself safe, tlio
Chamber of Peers, whose inlluenee xvas all-powerful in
the new eoiiit, beheld in Laliiyelle only the declared
enemy of liereililary right, wiiich had already received
I'ruin him a mortal blow, ami which he would certainly
never allow to raise its head again.
And, finally, the duclrimiirc purliim nf the elective
chainlier, the men of the doiihle vole, the partisans of the
di'lhroiied dynasty, all those wiiom fear, eunviction, or
atlaelinieiit to aristocracy, had thrown into the ranks of
the iiisir milirii, recollected, with bitterness, that in the
revulntionary movement of .Inly, the patriotic solicitude
uf Lal'avette had given them nu time to declare against
the lorleiture of the crown by the ex-ruyal family, the
priiniiry principle of the suvcreigiity of liic people, lln;
ariiiing of the xvliule uatioii, appuinting its sixty Ihuusand
ullieers, the prugrainine ul a pupular ihruiie surruniided
with repnliliian iiisliliitiuns. and the deliberate, reiterat-
ed, llllll furnial adupliini of the principles of tlwl pro-
t'riiinine, by the Piike of Orleiiiis; all proclaiiiied and
cuiisuninialed bel'uie llie Cliaiiiber had either had the
tiiiii , ur usurped the right, to perxcrt them.
llllll liendi'iilly of Ibis regret, the great majority of
the Cliainber liail ti'll deeply hurt at the upiiiion which
l.iil lyelte had several limes expressed at the lluli'l-de-
VilUi, ill I'avuiir uf a loiixoeatiun ul the Primary Asseiii-
lilies, and the elect ion of a (onslilnent contresH. He.
sides, the storm once allayed, and public order restored,
the existence ol'ii great power, ami its iippused rivolry
iu inlliii'iiie with the royal authuiily, was calculated
to throw into the shade, nut only the ciuwd of tlio in-
triguing and lliu ainhitiuns, w liiili beset the new
lliroiie, bill even many well-intent iuned members of
liutli Cbiiinbers. Theiefuie, that patriotic susceptibility,
cniisiileied by ilaelf and apart friiiii the distrusts and in.
suits winch attended il, seeined the morn exeusalilv to
Laliiyelle, as he had liimself given cause tin its niaiii-
I'esliiliiin liy pnliliely deelnring, that the {hisI which the
eireiiiiislaiiees of the linin had rendered it imperiilivn
iijiuu llllll to aeiept, had appeared to liini in ItIM), nmt
r ~
'm
26
LAFAYETTE AND IXH'ISPHILIPPE.
I
slill appeared to liiiii in IKtll, as a bud instilutioii,
wliicli iiuplil 1(1 liisl us Hliort a tiiiii! ns pnssihlo.
As for tlic ministry of the 3d of Novemlicr, it was at
no pains to conreal the iinilirafre it felt at llio power with
which Lafayette was invested ; niid notwitiistandinjr the
praises which it lavished at the time on llie patriotism
and goo<i taith ot the greiil riliziii, of llie lUmtriaits
penerul, it is certain that tlial a(hninistration sijriied only
for the moment when it might rid itself of his control,
which, joined to the all-iK)werliil iiitluenee he |)ossesseil
over the men of July, weighed like a nightmare on the
cabinet of that period.
This is a fact, the slmnseTtms of wliieli may, 'icrliaps,
be weakened by the connnunity of principles whieli at
this day exists between Lafiiyettc and several of tiie
members of the administration of the .'td of iVoveinber,
but which is not the less a tiict worthy of a jdace in his.
tory.
Thns, then, the ("rnwn, the two ('handlers, the foreign
diplomatists, the aristocracy, the king's council, and in
general the intriguers of all hues, the parasites of every
regime, had combined to exclude Laliiyette from any
share in the public business, in order, as they themselves
said, I') have, done uilk the revolution. None, however,
had the boldness to grapple openly with that ticklish
question. It was even deenKMl prndcnl to deck the vic-
tim with a Ircsh civic crown j since, on the day belbre
the eacrifice, that is, in the sitting of the y.'td of Decem-
ber, M. Dupin, sen. mounted the tribune to projiose a
vote of thanks to the national guard and its illustrious
chief
The adversaries of the appointment of I.alayetle to llie
chief command, in order to aim the first blows at liini,
had long resolved to take advantage of the prcscntatifin
of the law upon the defiuilive organisation of the national
guards of the kingdom, lint tlu- discussion lA' \\k jirtiji I
having commenced in tlie eominittoc wliieli preccdid tiie
trial of the ministers, care was taken that a design which
might have led to t'riglitful disasters, should nottransjiire
to the public. 'I'o that emi, it was determined, in Ihi
first connnissinu apjiuintcd by the governmunt, in which
the Duke do Choiseul presided, that the cornniaiid in
chief of the national guards should be eontinni'd in tin
person of liafayette, but that it shouM einl with hiju.
This arlic:le was read afterwards, in presence of the
{general, at a meeting of the conunission, and of several
ministers ami gciu'rals, specially couMiied ut .M. (iuizot's,
then minister of the interior.
When, however, that [iroject thus prepared by the
eonimissioii, was laid lielorc the council, they alfeeied to
make it llu^ subject of a serious discussion, and to oli'er
some resistance to it. Time members of the cabinet,
and the king hijiiselt', objected, liir example, that the: in-
terdicting to the ex<'euli\e the appointing ot'a new com-
mander in chief, aller the death of I.alayi tte, would be
an inlViugenunl on the exercise of the prerogatixe of llie
erown. iVnlwitlislanding this pn (ended (lisrns-,ion. In a
subs<'(iuent meeting coniiio.-ed of (wo ministers, the com-
mander in ehiei; and the inspeclnr general, appninled by
the king's ennniil to regulate the nspeelive duliesof (he
general and of the ministers of war ami of the iulirior,
in every thing rel.iling to the natioieil gnarils of the
kingdom, it was resolved, that .^f. de Aloidalivel should
repair to (he i iiuitti'e of the Chainber of Deputies, (n
announce to it, that the king's governnient con-iiliTi'd ii
iibsolutely nei'essury that I.iifiyelle shoiilil be continued
in the chief eoinmaiid of (he armed nalinii. t.afiyeKe,
who attached no iinporlanec whatever to those |H'r.sounl
ronsidcrati<ins, and who hid, hi'sides, expressly reserved
to liimself the liberty ol" r<'sigiiing as soon as he should
think he niiglil do so witlioiil risk to thi' revoludon, as-
sented (o (hat arrangeiuen(, whii'li appeareil lo liiin la-
xonrable to the prineiides of July, already threatened
from all siiles,
.All this, however, was no more than a mean triek.
'I'he step which bad been agreed upon belween the
mini'tiTs and I/ifayi Ke was never takiri ; and the presi.
<|eii( of the eomieil, in pioposiiig (o (he Chamber the
fijmple KUjipresslon of the olllee of generalissiniii, assiMiled
ill till' name of the goveriimi'id to a ineasiiri' which it had
ilixlirliiken lo resist, even while il was being aniionneed
lo the eoiiimillee. I eoiiline myself here lo saying, that
the minislry of the lid of .Vnvi'inber consented lo tlii' dis-
mis.sal of l.afayctle; for if llie pro|>osili.in il then inade
lor In'slowing on that great p;ilriol the iinininal tide of
liow'i'itii rnmmiindri was the risnlt of dcliberad' relli e-
tion, It can bo viewed only ai u downright insult.'
'I'hat sitting of the mth of Decemlicr will tie reniem-
bered, in which the government and the Chainber pre-
sented to the worhl the e.\am|ile of the blackest ingiali-
tilde towards a man, who, a few hours earlier, had riskeil
fifty years of popularity to save them froth. Never had
then' been n more scandalous exhibition in the n.ational
tribune. 'J'he ."lOtli article of the j)rojel of the govern-
ment ran thus: " In the communes, or cafitons, in which
Ihe national guard shall form several legions, the king
may appoint a. su|icrior officer; but there can be no ap-
poiiitiiient of a sujierior officer of the national guards ol
a whole department, nor even of a circuit of au under
preli'Ct."
'i'hat clause virtually invoI»-ed tlie dismissal of La-
fayette. It was :n viiiii that five amendments were pro-
[Kiscd to sollcn the hideonsncss ol such conduct. 'J'liose
amendments, jiresented by .AIAL de Vaueelles, Jnlcs de
Larocheloncauld, Eusebe Salvertc, and IMet do la Lo-
7.ere, and all having for their object the cx<:eptional con-
tinuance of Lafayette in the command of the national
guards of the kingdom, were successively rejected, aller
being opposed by .M.Charles Dnpin, who ended a long
speech with these remarkable words : "(Jeiieral L.ifaycltc
cannot he nil his lifelinic a livinsr law, unless political law
be dead." 'I'hcse words summed up the thoughts of the
Court.
As for the ministry, humiliated, ns I would fain be-
lieve, at the part it was playing on that occasion, it en-
deavoured to palliate its shame by iitoposing that the
hnnmiinj command of the national guards slioiild he be.
stowed by a fresh ordinance, on the founder of the citi-
zen niililia.* The Chamber declared simply that the
ollice of coininander in chief was abolished, or, in other
words, that Lafavette was dismissed.
This deliberation took place in the evening of the 2 1th
of Dceeinher, in the absence of the general in chief, who
had been detained at his head quarters on account of the
public peace beiiii, again threatened. I do not know that
this unavoidable ah cn<:e had entered into the calculations
of his adversaries ; but il is certain, that the press and the
honest men of all p.irtics, saw in this eagerness of the
Chainber to deciile' that important question, without the
participation of the parly most interested in it, an iinbe-
eoiniiig want of res|K'c(, which excited, in the highest
degree, the public indignation.
The next morning, Lafayette wrote to Louis riiilipix'
Ihe llillowing letter, which a feeling of delicacy towards
Ihe king, whose ministers had just coiicurr<'d in his dis-
missal, would not allow him to publish at the timet
triotic solicitude of your majcsly, will supply its place;
and, for cxamjile, it u ill be important to dis|)el by ordi.
nances which the law has left at your discretion, the un.
easiness which has lieen produced by the parcelling out
of Ihe rural battalions, and the apprchcu.sion of seeing
confined to the frontier towns and tliose of the coast,
that very useful institution, the citizen artillery.
" 'I'he president of the council has Ihcii so good as to
propose to bestow on me the title of honorary coinnian.
der ; he will, liiinself, lie sensible, and your majesty will
conceive, that those nominal decorations are suit<d)lr
neither to the institutions of a free country nor to my-
self.
" In delivering up, res|>cctfiilly and gratefully, into the
hands of your majesty, the sole ordinance which invests
me with authority over the national guards, I have taken
measures to prevent the service I'rom suffering by it.
(icncral Dumas will take the orders of the minister uf
the interior; GeneraK'arbonncl will regulate the service
of the capital, niilil it shall plea.se Your Majesty to ap-
point nnother in his place, which lie requests may \x
done.
" I beg your majesty to accept the cordial tribute of
my attachment and respect.
" (Signed) Laf.vvette."
Who will believe it? On the 25th, at noon, Louis riii-
lijipe was yet ignorant of the debates that had takeit place
the evening before, in the Chamber of Deputies, u|)on a
question which, for two months, had wlielly occupied the
Court and tiic Town, lie that as it might, here follows
the king's answer : —
" I have this instant received, my dear general, yonr
letter, which has grieved ns much as surprised me by
the decision yon have taken; J hiive not yrt had time lo
read the jouriiaU. The council of ministers meet at one
o'clock ; I shall then be at liberty ; that ii> to say, between
four and five, «7id;i I ho|>e to see you, and to persuade
you to retract your detcrminalinn.
" Accept, my dear general, &e.
" Louis PniLiprB."
• ItwuMiiii l(iej|||iiiri)ri iiih..! ili.li ili|.i|>|iinil I'nrri' wn4|ilnviil
in IIh! Clinitil'fr n( (lepiitii ^ Siinip ilinfld.'liirc.llie liriitf».i l)M|t'<>iit
lie I'Eurc had rcmilviil tuqivi! iii Ills realgiiiillun, iin ncniiuil of tin
" ,'<ire,
" The resolution passed yesterday by ihn Chamber of
Deputies, with the assent of the king's ministers, for the
suppressiiin of the otfiee of commander in chief of the
national guards, at the very innmcnt the law is going to
be put lo the Vole, expresses already the opinions of two
branches of the legisl.ilive power, and above all, of that
which I have the honour to be a member of I should
consider my.self as failing in respect, if I awaited any
oilier formalily bellire ti'iidering lo the king, as I now
ilo, my resiirii.iiiou of the' |iowers which his ordinaue'c
had eoiillTrid upon me. Your m.-tjesly knows, and the
correspondence of the general slalf will prove il, if rc-
ijuired, that their ixireisi' has not been so illiindri/, np to
(his |ieriod, as was represented in Ihe tribune. The pa-
liirtiloM" rniiiliii'tnt'ltii'cnuiiri!. t.nfayftle, liii|irr(»i»r(l wildtlir Imp"'
Mini Ins lioiliillr.-llili' Irii-na lllilltlt jel'lie alile In I'lli'cl nhiiii' lilllr
Uunil, |ii i-ii:iili.| Iriiii In |hi.1|k>ii.' Ills li lirrini'lll. (Ijiloa (I. noil
liail II I'M I'll \ ail. il Mil I'l iliiilii'niiiiii', as Mill ill hi- i|iiiilii,v III' ml
nisiiT (iT (iihlire a^ ill Inn iiriviilc rci|iai'ily ; with ilie resrr\ alien
iliat ("lib wniilil ntit'' II ilii' jiiiwer i reaieil in July idt^I'iimI in lis
M'liuvr.iile .s\.^i. HI. 'riitc ex|iUinuUiii) wii* iierciiHiiry l;i onl. r I" ah
xilvr ttinse Iwii |ia|ii.its I'm till .Illy |inrliri|ialintl ill ttial lliali'Mi'riiri'
nr Hialiiiii's (itH 111. h l.nl'ayiili'H.ij llie iiliji'd on Ilia' nii'iiiiir ihh'
niTithlen.
* Till- telat wniit III' ri'lli'i lien riinlil nliiiic divesl Piia |>rii|i<iiiiiinii
ni' III'- rliarariir nt nil itisiili i"wuril« l.iil'iiyeili'. Wh'it \aliit', ii.
ni<'l. wn-* alltl'lli >l hi Ihe iiiiiln-li^i- firvn-rti'lhiit t.iiruyetti' (llli( Jil
ri'liMeii'il, II' Il were r inilihrcil Ihal nn inillly lllh', heslnneil liy nil
' iiliii iiiri . w:i^ all llie lewaril II il fcniil f In nritir in iii'iirninir
III" \.iliie u nil II Ihal niilinance \MinIil liavi- In llie eves >a I.ti
I'ayi'lle, It 11111.1) he rnniimrril H ilh the urilinnnre nl' llir 'j:lil nl" .^||.
Ullil, whh'i Iniil inve^Ietl liini vvilli llie rnienininl ill ellii r. It ran
tlini.:— " 111 il.ul.iyi'iii'i Is ('iitrnat'il Willi every iliiiiR rehiiln! Ill
Ihe ili.itiihiitliiii III' the niitliinnl uiiiirils in the utilnn^ ill riiiirniniii^
ultll the terrenrilll illviMnli; In the lliiiri|tl)lie, tn llnviiixtnirllrin, tii
tile nmiertii iiiir nl' till eit(Man'i'K III' iirniinu anil ei|nip|)lnK the nn-
tinniii uni .* ; ni (de ckiTiitinii mill trnn-iniftKJnii ol ilni nndns
\^ hii'h F-li.iii he iiiven liiin." 'I'di' ihiril iirtii-le e.\|ireiiN)'il lliai "'I'lie
> iiiniihr In ililei' will tr.i.i>iiiil In llie nnniHii r nt ide inn rinr
wlniieviT niiterii (n sliiill liiiii' uoi ii : iiiiil, nn the nilii-r Iniiiil, the
lllitli^|e|- nC the ill rum will Itllnmi tlli' rnnitntlllid'f ill clllul' (if the
ineilpinriii he nhilll lltive tllkell, Air."
) I'niiiliii'tlnu. nl Hint time, n imlitlcnl | nirniil, ilic niitdnr ef llll^
wnrk tih.diiincit. lit the rdinent el'tj. ihtkI i.iiiioi'ttp, t'nnii ihiIiIihIi-
iiii! Ills inrri'<|Kinileiirr, wdii h Ihi nninie ni dii duly at llic lir.id
i|iiiirt(i;i da<l i'nn:.( il (n pauB (litongli Iih liAinh.
Lufiiyctte attended the king's niipoinfnienl, who re-
ceived liim with the liveliest marks of affection. Iiouis
Philippe seemed inconsolable at what had taken place
the day liefore in the (^handier of Deputies, and ulwvc
all, OH lite pint which his mininterl had uniiittirusli/ taken
in il, and icilhoiil any evil intention. "But," added Ihe
king, " the drfdornhte article has not yet become law,
and 1 shall Is: very well able " — "Sire," said La-
fayette, " Ihe distrusts of my colleagues, and the dismi.-i.
sal they have pronounced against nic, ns far ns in thciii
lay, impose on my delicacy the duty of not holding any
longer an authority which offi'iids them, and the princi-
ple of which, uotwilhstanding its temporary utility, liai(,
liesides, been at all limes condemned by myself More-
over, being entirely resolved to prosecute by every means
in my power the abolition of the hereditary |M"crage, it
does not become me (o awai(, on the part of the Cham-
ber of I'cers, a eonfirmatiou which would [dace it in a
s|i('cics of hostilily towards me, or a fiivourable nmend-
ineut which would lay me under obligation to it. lie-
sides," added he, " I w ill candidly confess to your ma-
jesty, that ill this I find liir myself not on\y a duly, but
a fit occasion." — " Kxplain yourself," said the king. —
"Sire," replied Lntayclte, "your sy.steni of governmenl
is no longer iiiiiie. It appears to me that public eonii
denec has placed a trust in my hands ; I cannot refer
you to it ill writing ; it exists in opinion, in the air |K'r-
liaps; Init in short, the French |H'(iple, nnd many patriots
of all countries, persuade ihcinselvcM thai where I am
Ihere is no risk that lilwrly will sutVer. Now, I see tlpil
liberly is meuneed, compromised, nnd I will deceive nn
one. Until nl home nnd abroad, the measures of your
ge iiiuent not being sneli as I consider conducive to
lie I" .rests of liberty, tin re winild Is- n want of eaiidoiu
o:i my part were I to remain longer, like an o|>ai|ue body,
behveen Ihe people nnd the excctivi'. When I am re-
niiived from Ihe govirmneut, every one will know Ix'tter
how Ihe mntler Nlnnds."
The question being pineed upon this ground, the king
strove' eunie''lly to eiimbat whut he eaUed Ihe prejudices
of Laliiyette. Iliil neither his inunifestatlons of nn iin-
bouiiiled friendship, nor his reiterated olU r lo revoke the
(/('/i/iiiY(We clause, could blind the gencrnl lo the real state
of things ; and tin y had no olln r elUcI than to make him
repeat III the last inomcnt of thai conversation; "Sire,
yon oli'er me many |Mrsoiial eoiicessions, hut nothing liir
the public weal; nnd il is that, and not myself, which it
in question."
'I'lio king requested Iwcniy-lbur houru to conkidrr the
m
LAFAYETTE AND LOUIS PHILIPPE.
27
il Vi will supply ilH placf ;
mrtaiit to disiK'l by ordi.
it your discretion, the un-
3rd by the iiart'i'lling out
; npprchcuHion of seciii);
and tliose of the coa&t,
I'itizcn arlilliry,
;il has Imcii ho good as tu
tic ol' lioiiorary comniaii-
Ic, and your majesty will
dt'CoratioiiH are siiiUiblr
free country nor to my-
ly and gratefully, into the
ordinance which invests
onal (juards, 1 have taken
ice from sutVcrinj; by it.
Drdrrs of the minister of
1 will regulate the service
ise Your Majesty to ap.
lieli lie requests nuy be
pt the cordial tribute ol'
) Lafayette."
iJ5th, at noon, Louis Phi.
)ates that had taken place
iber of Deputies, u|K)n a
, had wli'Mly occupied the
as it niijrht, here loUows
1, my dear general, your
uch aH surprised me by
/itife not yet hati time to
of ministers meet at one
y ; that iii to say, between
ec you, and to persuade
an.
fenrral, &c.
" Louis Philippe."
's appointment, who re.
irks of artcetion. I/ouis
t what had taken place
of Deputies, and uIkjvc
^rs hud unuitlingln taken
». " But," added the
not yet becnnic law,
.." — "Sire," said Lii-
leagues, and the di.sniis-
, as far ns in them
luty of not liolding any
' I them, and the priiici-
temporary utility, has,
meil by myself. More-
rosceiite by every means
hereditiiry |)cera(je, it
the part oi' the Cham.
I winild place it in a
a favourable amend-
obli/jalioii to it. He-
confess to your ma-
tint (inly a duty, but
if," said the kiiij;. —
ysti^m of (rovernment
me that public eoiili-
lids; I cannot refer
pinion, in the air |H'r.
pie, and many patriots
Ives that where I am
iitlir. Now, I sei- that
iilid I will deceive nn
the measures of your
isider conducive to
il be a want of candour
like an o|Mi<pitr bod\',
ive. When I am ri'.
line will know better
Ibi.i irround, the king
called (he prejudiei <
liili'st.itinns of an un-
ed otl'er to revoke the
•nernl to the real stale
lUi'l than III make him
eoiiversalion ; " Sire,
sinus, bill nothiiiir ti>r
not myaclf, wliieh i»
liouru to comtidrr the
Jqiicstions which had arisen between him and tlie com-
mander in chief of the national guards. Lafayette as-
Bcnted to that dcliiy, in the hope that it would \*: em-
^ployed in mature rcHectioii, and perhaps produce a return
to better courses. Vain hope ! In that interval tlic presi-
'■dent of the council, the niinialcr of the interior, and some
of the principal oHicers of the national guard, came to
repeat to liini the assurances of regard, and the oilers of
reparation, which lie had received at the Palais-Royal ;
but of the guarantees he iiad ciaimed for the disregarded
principles of the revolution of July, not a word was said.
Lafayette answered tliem as he had answered the king,
^ Every thing for liberty, nothing for myself."
On the same occasion, the prime minister having de-
buted a common friend to sound the intentions of Lafay-
*ttc relative to tlic Ibrming of a new cabinet, the general
replied that if certain patriots, whom he named, or any
iothers of the same way of thinking, should come into
power in place of the men who.se proceedings appeared
to him eonlrary to the principles and the engagements
'of July, he should consider that chiuige as the precursor
of a better future. He also wrote to that effect to JL
Laliilte, who laid his letter before the council, which
disiileascd several of its members in the highest de-
gree.
The pretended exactions of Lnfiiycttc went no further.
To impose entire silence upon his own susceptibility ; to
lay aside all self-love ; to consent to every insignificant
reparation, such as the postponement of the execution of
the article of the law which concerned himself; in short,
to give way to every thing they desired, in the hope of
obtaining under favour of that difliciilt eonjuueture, a
better system of goveruincnt : such, and such only, what-
^cver may have been said of the matter, vsere the rxurtri-
taut pretensions of the man who had consented to place
■ the crown upon the head of the new king. But since,
' whilst ovi'rwheliiiing him with praises and professions of
attachinent, the disastrous system of a f/u«.M-Iicstoration
was undeviiilingly persisted in, it became the duty of La-
fayette to satisfy the adversaries of his inllueiiec, by di-
vestin" himself of a command from which the Chamber
and the government h.id dismissed him live times in a
single silting, and to cease to serve as a cloak to the
"anti-French combinations which his remaining at the
head of the nalional guards might have hidden from the
patriot.'. When, lliercfnrc, tlio required twonty-liiur
hours had elapsed, without having brought any syiiip-
toin of a eliango of system, lie wrote to the king ; —
' Siro,
'Sundav, 25th Dcceniber, 1830.
"Your in.ajesty told mo yesterday that tim siib-
.ject ot our conversation should ba eonclndod this day.
J have seen .M.VI. LalKtlc and Monlalivct; they have
K[)oken to mo of the amciulment which the president of
' the council intends to propose. But, sire, you know
■ well that it does not reniovK the objections which I Incik
' the liberty of suhiiiitliiig to you. I monlioneil lo i\l. de
jMontalivet that 1 lix)ked upon myself as having given
in my resignation, and 1 imagine ho will have issued
liis orders in conseqiionee. However I think it my
duty to repeat it lo the king, because, (Jennral Carhoti-
nel and my son having lidloweil my liirluiie, as likewise
the .Major (ieneral 'I'racy, it is necessary that orders
should bu issued lor to-morrow's service. Itelieve me,
sire, the duly which 1 eiiiisidor 1 am fiillilliiig, is
' more pninful to me than 1 can express; and now, mure
-than ever, il Ih^Iiovcs mu lo join with the liibiile of my
respflel, that of my prulimnd and unallerablu allaeh-
nient. " Lakavitti;."
cn.VPTKR XVIL
It \n nnt iriio thni l.nt'njelte reliiiieil ihe roniiii.iiiil of the N.iiiniml
iiiiiinl ol' l*ari^--l''ntM>lioihls nf ilie tuiiil ami 'lio unvciiiiiti'iii on
tliat lii'iil -rkjiI.iiintiiiiiH'il' l.afavi'lle In tliet 'liaiiilier nt')h<|iiiiiifi
-rrorllliiiteinii III' Ihe klni!— Tile PhImIh Royal hlslnil.'lle Ih.-tt
LnTnyetle niMiieit n riHf/i irrfrU 1)11(1 nilirliiliirr<lli|»— K.\|iliiltutioii
iir LnfayHiii kIIIi iIio kiiiig ii|iiin Hint suhjeel— 'I'lio evteiii nl'
l.nl'aveil'' H ili'iimiiij^ — niM taking leave ol'thu NHtiniinl (Junrd—
Chwr.irirr of I.nlayetle.
It was felt necessary lo anticipate Ihe dangerous iin-
preasion which Ihe retirement of Lafiiyelte would uiia-
Toidahly produce on the public mind. To that end, the
coi:rt, the mitiislry, nnd the jintxt'nyFttiitlK of the two
cb".iiiN'rs, eombined to spread abrouil, and eattsii to Ix'
b«?lievcii, two I'lLselicxMls : Isl. That the dcmniids made
by Lull yette to the king were such that the inouanh
was lei. no olher alternative than to reject them or lo
alHlicat '. the tlirotni : i2d, That I>al'ayette had obstinittely
re(\iBed the eominaiid of the national guard «f Paris,
[ which had been ollVrcd him with the stroin'cst solicila-
tluiis,
This system of accusation was the more i)erfulious, as
whilst on the one hand it invoked for Louis Philip|ie tlic
sympathy which a generous nation never withholds from
oppressed weakiie.-^s ; it tended on the other to alienate
from Lafayette the affection of liis comrades of tlie iia-
tidiial guard of Palis, that is, to wound him in the most
sensible pari.
Fear and b.id faith set every engine to work, to invest
this fiction with Ihe eharaclcr of an ineoutest;iblc fact;
and the truly theatrical .senlimentality with which they
deplored Ihe lamentable obstinacy of Lafayette, is not one
of the least characteristic traits of the men who now
govern us.
"Sire," said M. de Montalivct, in his report presented
lo Ihe king on tl'.e •lililli of December, "(Jeneral Lafay-
ette has tendered lo your majesty his resignation of the
office ofeommander in chief of the national guards of the
kingdom. The most earnest solicitation.s, repeatedly
urged, have failed to induce the illustrious general to re-
tract a resolution which deeply alilicls your majesty's
heart, and deprives Frnnee of the services he might yet
render her. The resolution of (Jeneral Lafiyette being
irrevocable, we must abandon the hope of seeing him
continue in the exercise of the functions of an ollice
in which he will leave imi)erishable recollections behind
him!"
That pathetic report had naturally for its moral, Ihe
proposing of Count de Lobauas the successor of Lafayette.
Then came immediately the following proelamalion,
plentifully distributed, and posted up at every guard-
house in the capital ■ —
" PnoCLAMATION OK THE KI.NG.
2ljth of December.
" Brave Nali"nal Guards, my dear fellow countrymen,
you will partake my regret on learning that General
Laliiyelte bus deemed it proper logivc in his resignation.
I had hoped to see him longer at your head, animating
yonr 7eal by his example, and by the recollection of the
great services he has rendered to the caii.se of Hbcrty.
Ills retirement is the more felt by me, as, but a few days
ago, Ihe worthy general again took a glorious part in
m.Tinlainiiig publii; order, v.hieli you .so nobly and so
effectually protected during the late agitations. But I
have the consolation to retlect that 1 have neglected
nothing to B|Kire the National Guard that which will
cause it the deepest regret, and mc the sinccrcst grief.
"liOi'is PiiiLii'i'i:."
,\nd here I subjoin the terms in which, following up
Ihe blow, the president of the council expres.sed himsell'
ill Ihe silting of the Chamber of Deputies of the SiMli ol
December, that is, thirty-six hours aller he had voted the
dismissal of Lafayette.
" The illu.strious chief of the national guard, who has
long contemplated the repititionof that noble step which
he took forty years ago, has divested himself of his func-
tions, uotwiihslanding our snlicilalions. He wished, as
much as in him lay, lo imitate the noble example of
Washington ; lie has done only a little earlier that which
he said he would do sooner or later. One of our enl-
leagiies,* whose virtues have thrown around him so much
splendour, had likewise fornu>d the inlcntioii of laying
down his share of power; bill he would not do so on the
eve of danger ; he lias done it the day alter."
The king, having assembled at Ihe Palais Uoyal the
roldiiels of all the legions oi'llie nalional guard of Paris,
prnlcsscd the deepest regret at Lal'ayelte's resignation,
all the lime, however, eomplaliiiiig of Ihe really excessive
demands which he had inadi^ to his majesty. But what
will apjK'ar still more astonishing is, that, eoiilbiindiiig,
no doubt, the eonllicting counsels which were siiniil-
laneously given him, the king added, in n tone of dis-
pleasure, that monstrous pr(i|msals were maile him, such
as that of expelling the Chambers, and setting up a die-
talorsliip. It must Im' believed, that ehaiiee and i-onfusion
only could have thus brought together in oni' senlcnce
llui itrmanitf of Iiafiiyctte, and u wish for a. rnup-d'clal
and a dietaturHhip ; siiicn, when the general complained
to liiu king of llin absurd reports Ilia', were spread re-
specting him 1" I should liko," answered Louis Philippe,
" lo Kvo llio man who should daro to nialnluin that I
allribuled those proposals to you."' " I'erlainly," re.
plied Lafnyette, " il is pleasant enough that I should
lie aeeuKcd of a desiro lo invest you with a diclatorship,
I who would be found tliu first in Ihe rnnks of Ihe
enemies of any eoimtituliuiial tnonareh who should
lake such n fancy."
However, thoso manu!uvrcH on tlio onu hand, and
llioHU miiundrtilatulingt on Iho ollior, furnished matter
» M. Uu|iunl de lEiirc
for those false accusations which a restless and cun-
ning spirit of intrigue propagated in the capital and in
llio departments, in Iho guai-"'. ..so and in the draw-
ing-room, and under favour of which many persons as-
sumed, at court, the merit of a devuledne.ss which had
no object.
Bui what wos either Irnc or probable in these impu-
tations? Nolliing, certainly; and the most ordinary
judgment would suffice lo detect the absurdity of the
groundwork of that dull comedy.
As for the imperious drmnnils of Lafayette, the king
had reason to complain of them, if the king considered
as an intolerable exaction, Ihe requiring of a speedy
return to the principles of the. revolution of July, to
which ho owed his crown, and from which he and his
ministers were so evidently departing. Has tiiiio
proved that those fears were are without foundation ?
Finally, in respect to his refusal of the command of
the national guard of Paris, one single thing is true,
which is, that before accepting that command, the
('oiiiit de Lobau came lo ask Lafayette if he persisted
in his risiisuiitiim. Hut until then, Lafayette had eom-
iiianded the national guard of Paris by virtue only of
llie powers which invested him with the chief eom-
inaiid of all the national guards of the kingdom ; con-
sequeiilly, that general command being abolished, he
could not be atkcd to retain the command of the capi-
tal in particular, under an authority which the decision
of the legislature and the concurrence of the govern-
ment had viitually put an end to, A new ordinance
would have been necessary ; and such ordinance was
never issued, nor even olTered.
But where is llie necessity for mo to argue upon
legal forms, to prove that llie government never in-
tended lo entrust the eommaiid of the capital to La-
I'ayclte? Does not that proof appear from the very
n.itiire of things? The distrusts and jealousies of the
court, the chambers, the courtiers, the ministers, the
■ oreigii diplomatists, being the manifest, the sole mo-
tives for removing Lafayette ; did they not apply above
all to the exercise of the power and iiitlueiico which
lie derived from the command of one hundred thousand
armed citizens of Paris and its environs.' And if, on
his part, Lafayette had scrupled to deceive Franco
liy appearing lo identify himself with the policy of the
Palais Royal, must ho not have been equally fearful of
abusing the confidence of the country by exercising
the great and imposing eoinmand of the capital.' Thus
the system of Iho Palais Royal, and that of Lafayette,
of llieinselves, put the olVer and refusal of that com-
mand nut of the question : neither the one nor tlia
other was made.
In resorting to that syBlcm of slander and calumny,
li.e court knew so liltle of Lafayette, as not lo venture
lo rely on Ihe generosity of his character, which would
make him regard il as a patriotic duly, lo prevent Hit!
ill elVeel liis resignation was likely lo produce in Paris
and in every part of France, from whence he received,
in fact, such warm lestiinomes of regret, affection, and
eoiilideiiee. Meveilheless, far from wishing to make a.
iriiimph of his retirenient, he took every pains to
deaden Hie explosion of discoiileiit which il might oc-
casion among his numerniis friends, and to prevent tlio
icsigiinlions which began to bo tendered from all quar-
ters, lie hastened to issue the following order of the
day :-
oniii;ii or the day, or tiik 27tii ok deckmbeu, 1830.
" In quilting the coininand of the nalional guards of
the kingdom, (ieneral Lafayelle proposes lo address lo
llieiii his thiiiiks and Ins farewell, but ho cannot refrain
fiom seizing the first mnincnt to express to his fellow
soldiers of Paris the leelings with which his heart is
uverdowiiig. lie has the fullest confidence in the sin-
cerity of their atlachmcnl and regret. By redoubling,
if possible, their punctuality and activity in Iho service,
Ihey will prove it to him more and iiiuro. He will
know how lo appreciate this fiesh testimony of their
uireeliuii and their indissolublo union with him, in their
comnioii devotion lo liberty ond public order. The
palriolie foresight of the king bus made all Ihe neces-
sary anangemenls. Il is with his whole soul, and not
without emotion, that their old and grateful friend in-
dites these few words to them, " Lakavkttk."
Lafayctlu inimcdialuly alter presented liimsclf lo Iho
king, no loiigur as cuminaiider of 1,7110,000 nalional
guards, but as un ull'eetiuiiato citizen full of respect fur
ihe person and family ul'lliu now inunareh.
'I'lio court and llie town awaited, with the strongest
euiiusily, the parliamenlary oxpUiialiuiis which ho
'I
i If
28
LAl'AYETTE AND LOUIS PHILIPPE.
I
should {.rive in the tribune ; and, as may be well con-
ceived, liis arrival at the Chamber, in the sitting of the
27th of December, caused a great sensation.
" Gentlemen," said he, "it is customary, in a neigh-
bouring country, that when a citizen retires (roin the
exercise of high functions, he and his cnllcngucs should
mutually cxphiin before the representative chamber.
Allow mc to use that privilege.
"I have always thought that theofliccof commander
in chief of the national guards of the kingdom was in-
compatible, as a general principle, with the institutions
of a constitutional monarchy. Thneforc, when three
millions of ti\y fellow citizens, in 171)0, pro|)osed to con-
fer that office upon mc, by the acclamations of their
fourteen thousand deputies, on the field of the Federa-
tion, I hastened to prevent its possibility, by obtaining
from the Constituent Assembly a prohibitory decree,
I did not do so when, at the Hotcl-de-Ville, the lieute-
nant-general of the kingdom, and afterwards the king,
pro|)osed to nie to remain in the exercise of that com-
mand. I thought it behoved me to accept it, with the
intention of divesting myself of it, earlier in case of
peace, later in case of war, as soon as I no longer saw a
necessity for its continuance.
"The opinion of the Chamber has anticipated that
period ; and out of respect to it, I have not waited for
the law to bo submitted to the other branches of the le-
gislature. It is merely a question of time ; but I should
teol deeply hurt if it were supposed (and no one, know-
ing or having read the history of the last filly-four
years, can suppose) that my conduct has been inllucnc-
ed by the slightest personal considoralion. I will go
further: that opinion expressed by the Chamber, aflbrd-
ed mo an opportunity which I needed. The great
power with which I was invested gave some umbrage ;
you have otlcn heard it spoken of, gentlemen. That
umbrage prevailed, above all, in the diplomatic circles.
That power is now dissolved ; I have now only the hon-
our of being your coUengiio.
" One word more, gentlemen. Tliat resignation, ac-
cepted by the king with all his accustomed testimonies
of kindness towards mo, I should not have given in be-
fore the crisis wo have just [)assed through. My under-
standing of puUlic order is now fully satisfied. I own
it is not so with my underalandin/r of liberty. We all
know the programme of the Hotel-de-Ville; ^1 popular
throne surrounded uilh republican inslilulions. It was
accepted ; hut wo do not all of us understand it in the
Bame manner; it has not, on all occasions, been under-
stood by the councils of the king as it has by me, who
am more impatient than others to see it lealised ; and
to whatever may have been my personal independence
in every situation, I feel, in my present situation, more
perfectly at liberty to discuss my opinion with you.
" There are points, however, upon which we shall be
always united against domestic and foreign adversaries
I think thai, in the course taken at the time of the re-
volution of .luly, we not only did that which was best,
but the only thing it was expedient to do. I think so
more than ever, since I have known tho monarch whom
'we have placed upon tho throne. In pirtting ofi' my
uniform, I have not laid aside our motto. " Liberty, pub-
lic order." Besides, how many legal means wo possess
of expressing our thoughts, of urgrng our demands !
For us, there is the tribune ; for every one the press,
which has rendered so many services, and the [x-aceablo
course of |)clitioning. This, geiitleinen, is whit I had
occasion to say lo my colleagues, who, 1 hope, will con-
tinue to mo their esteem and friendship."'
In short, owing to tho iiieasnros taken by Lafayette
in order that his reliromeiit niiL'lit produce the smallest
possible iiicoiiveiiii'uci.', every filing would have setlli'd
down calmly, if, as he said one day to tlie king, ho had
not met, in Ihe pirformnnce of that (food work, with
some auxiliaries upon whom he Imd not rtickoned. No-
vertheless, Ihe proprieties of ollice reipiiied that Fiafhy-
ette should liiriiially lake leave of the nationul guards of
tho kingdom, and particularly of that of'I'aris, which he
did by addressing to them these two loiters: —
OKNF.HAl. I.APAVKTTK TO TIIK NATIONAI. HllAni) OF I'AKIS.
Vnria, lat January, 1H31.
" My dear fcllow-snldiers,
"When, at the painful moment of my retiromnnt, I
haslcneil lo put you on your gii ird, not against iiiiox-
perled inculpations, which I leiivii lo your good sense
and the rerlilu'l'' of your own hearts, but against any
imprudeni manili'slalions of your lVii'mlshi[i lowarils me,
i promised yiiii a farewell let fer, which I shall here sub-
join. Vou will find in ii, as well aa in my .■>poecli to the
Chamber, tho explanation of my conduct and the expres-
sion of my sentiments, I feel it, however, necessary
again to address myself specially to you, whoso fiithers
were my friends and companions in 17811; to you, who,
during tho last five months, have so fully gratified my
patriotism, my pride, and my affection.
"In resigning the command in chief to the king,
wliose ordinance was my sole title to it, I have yicldoil
not only to the wishes expressed in the sitting of the
:i4tli of December, but also to Ihe manifestations of va-
rioiis sorts of jealousies, and of patriotic scruples, not
loss apjdicable, considering my pcr.sonal siluiilion, to the
important command of the nationni tjuard of Paris, had
it been re-established in my behalf, than to the functions
with which 1 had liecn invested.
"It would have been gratifying to me, my dear com-
rades, to present to you myself the brotherly congratula-
lions on your conduct in the lafe crisis, which pour in
from all quarters; they shall be transmitted to Ihe excel-
lent general who so well justifies the honourable choice
f the king.
".May our programme of .July be carried into eflect
more and more! Such is the wish of France; for, it is
as false to say at Paris that the departments are indiflcr-
ent to liberty, as in the departments that Paris is averse
to public order: then the reality of things themselves
will not need the passjiort of any name.
" Accept, all of you, my dear comrades, connnandcrs,
officers, subalterns, and privates, the regrets, the affec-
tion, and the good wishes of a loving, grateful, and de-
voted heart, which remains identified with you, and
which death alone can separate from you.
" Lakavetti:."
cr.XKRAI. I.AFAVKTTK TO THE NATIONAL, (iLAai)S OK THE
KlNunOM.
" Hut a .short time ago, my dear fellow-soldiers, I was
invested with an immense command; now, 1 am only
your old friend, the veteran of the national guanl. That
twofold title will, to my last niomenl.s, tbrin my happi-
ness and my glory. That which I no longer possess
found me, in the great week, strong in the imbonnded
confidence of the |>eople, in the midst of the illustrious
barricades at which was raised again that tri-coloured
Hag, twice the signal of liberty ; where, in three days,
were decided the present destinies of things and of men
in Franco, the future destinies of Kurope. Those func-
tions which I had refused in 17110, I accepted in 1830
from the hanils of a prince whom we have appointed to
be our king. They were, I think, exercised usefully ;
seventeen hundred thousanrl national guards already
raised, organised at thi' voice of their happy chief, arc
my witnesses. They might, I confess, have still conti-
nued lo be further useful, during a ])erio(l of the duration
of which T was told I should be the judge, and of which
I should have been a severe arbiter. A majority of the
depiilies my colleagues thought that those funetioiis
ought to cease now; and that opinion was expressed, in
the same sitting, by the principal organ of the govern-
ment. Besides, distrusts, whicli I have a right to say
the past did not justify, had arisen in several quarters;
they were openly manif'csfcd, and could not he satisfied
except by a rclinquislmient of power wholhj and irithmit
any renrrrr. And when even the royal intervention, in
its solicitude, aflerwards resorted to every means to
continue my services, an instinct of treedum, which has
never deceived me in Ihi^ whole course of my lite, sug-
gested lo me that I must sacrifice that power, those eii-
joynienls, those constiiiil aHeetions, lo Ihe anslere diiiy
of conlribuliiiir to all the conseciucnccs of the .evolution
oflK'll).
" My passing aulhorily has not been usi'less ; an im-
inensr correspciiidenei' eiinfinns this assertion. In fuel,
if llie sublime moveinciil of France in anus has been
s|)iintaiieoiis; if, to secure if fur ever ngiiiiisl Ihe fuliire
comhinatioiis of cvitv kind of narrow, malevolent, or
tliniil policy, it \i:\- been siiirieieiil lo pliee her distinctly,
from the outset, under the safe)j;uard of the principles of
1781) and I71M, and, above all, of the vital and universal
principle of elcefion ; it is not the less true, that a central
inllueni'c, and, if I may vcnlure lo say so, Ihe conlidcmc
line to some of my anterior aits, have eonlriliuled use-
fully lo regulate, in the absence of the law, the various
organisations and wishes, ami to remove obstaeles raised
by fhe intrigues of the fillen parly, who, in too Iniiiiy
insfatices, were suflVred lo reliiin Ihe power of doing
mischii'f. I am happy to express my obligations in that
respeel to the i verlions of Ihe inspector general, which
have so ably seeonded my own.
" I shall not clel.iil all that we have done to organise
those adiiiirabli town legion.-, tliofc nuincroiiB cantonal
battalions, the mischievous parcelling out of wliich you
have recently witnessed ine opposing in vain ; to con.
tribute to their instruction, their arming, their equip,
incnt, as far as the physical resources at our disposal
would allow ; to demand, from the coimncncement, fresh
and powerful means to iiurehose, manufacture, and repair
those arms which form at once the |>atriotic want and the
noble cry of the national guards; to assist in tlie forma-
tion of the citizen cavalry, and of that artillery mountiiij;
already fifty batteries, and awaiting the numerous addi-
tions promised by the war department; a civic innova-
tion teeming with utility, whose high importance has
not been sutticiently felt in our legislative discussions;
in short, to prepare all that five months more may dc
velope. By these means will be completed that immense
organisation, jirotective of liberty and public order, and
H hence might issue so many hundreds of thousands ul'
eombatants for the safety and the indciiendence of France,
.'Vli I instead of dreading that vast institution, formcil
without hesitation, without disturbance, by the feeling
of a liberal and sympathetic confidence in the national
masses, let us rather iiasteii to regulate our other insli-
tulions after such a model !
" IIow shall I exjircss the delightful emotioUH of my
icart, when, at the end of a few weeks, it was my happy
lot to oftcr to the admiration of the public, to the kiiip,
to the foreigners, to enemies ok well as friends, that Pa-
risian national guard of which 1 was so proud ; which,
during forty years, has been a real family to me, rising
up again more brilliant, more luunerous than ever, and,
shortly after, amounting, with the fine legions of tlic
suburbs, to nearly eighty thousand men in the Champ-
de-.Alars ; einotioiis which couhl l»c surpassed only by tlic
happiness of having rcci^ntly owed to them the safety of
the capital, mid the uniform purity of our revolution. If
a single department, that of the Seine and Oise, procjr>.il
me local enjoyments, how much have I not f'ult on re-
ceiving the re|iorts of tho miracles of formation, appear-
ance, intelligence, good tecling, in the various portions
of our fine country ; in seeing myself surrounded every
day by thosc^ deputations from the whole of Franc- ,
which brought to the king of her choice a second inau-
guration, and which, in their aft'ectionatc confidence, ex-
plaining to me the local grievances ond the general
mieasiness, constituted me, as you know, the formal in.
terpreter to the govcrmnent, ol the wants which the spi-
rit of the great week required to Ik' satisfied.
" That duty was fulfilled. I have every where, ns in
the Iribune, expressed my ardent, perhaps my impatieiii
wishes, for the complete realisation of the programiiu
tendered while the blood of six thousand citizens wa>
yet smoking ; and if 1 wished that France should, in tin
shortest tinie possible, have a representation elected sub.
seipicnily to the revolution of 1830 ; if I have said, thai
in fiiture discussions relative to the other ('hamber, I
should prelcr to its present organisation the jirinciple ol
an elective presentation of candidates for the approval of
the king ; if I have scrupled to lend my name to the dc
laying, or to the omitting of things which I consider
necessary ; it would be very uniust to convert tliosr
opinions into the having called lor roups.d'itat and a
dictatorship; which I have no mora wished to impose
upon others than I would submit to them myself, as his.
lory will vouch in more than one passage.
"But I prefer rc|iealing what every one must know,
Frenchmen of all parties, foreigners ol all countries ; thai
if the eonsliliitioual order coni|Ucred ihiring tlio thru
great days, that if the popular tlirmie raised by our own
hands, should ever be ihrealened, from whatever quarlii
il niighl be, the whole iialion would rise to defend them
"M this painliil moment of bidiling you farcwill,
which I had not Ihoughl so near, 1 leiiiler lo my diar
f'ellcm soldiers my gralilude fa their friendship, my con.
f»li".cc in their reiiieinlirance of me, my wishes fiir their
happiness, my aihniration at what they have perfornieil,
my antieipiilii.n of what they will yet do, my hope thai
the ealeuhilions of intrigue, nr Ihe misrepreseiitalions of
malevoleiiee, will not prevail airaiiist me in their breast*;
I offer them, in sliorl, all the scnliiiiciils of a lender otrei-
tion, which will continue to my latest breath.
" LAFAVKTrK."
This new order of things did not in Ihe least diminiitji
Ihi' moral influence of Ijiiliiyeltc; perhaps even the con
siileralion for liiin |n'rsonally was much increased by llir
(lisijrace which llu^ oll'spring of the revolution of .hilv,
aftervvards its adversaries, had just intlicted on the gear
ral's palriolie iiiflexibilily. Thiil s|M'cicH of ostracism
restored him In all Ihe dignity of his polilieiil life. In
il> ed, il was in Ihe simple L'nrb of a cilizen. that in \'i^'}
he had received l.ouls XVI,, at tho head of two hundrrd
housa
.&e hai
^iiieri
■en
guest ;
the II,
in sho
uriiig
ibe
But,
l^ialtei
to the
Ijbjcct
might
Auin I
{% getl
y sepi
riner
^eddc
if prev
nand,
it the
our roy
But,
Wonarc
bf ever
Jitle, an
ike Laf
(^8 beyoi
'cctly I
krincipl
leen by
oldnes^
J.AFAYETTE AND LoriS PHILIPPE.
29
■lliiijT out of wliich yuu
rosing in vain; to con-
ir uriniiig, their equip.
sources at our <Iisi)osiil
10 com inencenicnt, fresh
uianufaclure.and repair
le [Mitriotic want and the
; to assist in tlie forma,
ftliat artillery mouutiii|;
ing tlie numerous adcli-
rtmcut ; a civic innova.
se high importance has
legislative discussions ;
months more may dc
conijiletcd that immense
y and puhlic order, anil
mdreds of tliousands of
indoiKindencc of France,
vast institution, formed
urhance, by the feeling
ilidenee in the national
■eguhite our other insti-
ightful emotions of my
weeks, it was my happy
tlie public, to the king,
well as friends, that I'a-
1 was so proud ; whicli,
eal family to me, rising
umcrous than ever, and,
the fine legions of tl.'u
md men in the Champ,
lie surpassed only by the
led to them the safety of
rity of our revolution. If
Seine and Oise, proeuriil
li have I not felt on re.
lies of formation, appear.
, in the various portions
myself surrounded every
11 the whole of Franc- ,
icr choice a second inau.
ftectionatc confidence, c.\-
vancea ond the general
^ou know, the formal in-
thc wants which the spi.
[o Ik" satisfied.
1 have every where, as in
perhaps my inipatieiil
on of the programnii
thousand citizens wiis
at France should, in tin
presentation elected hiiI).
[ID ; if I have said, that
the other ('hanihcr, 1
sation the principle ol'
idates fur tlio approval of
nd my name to the di.'-
hings which I consider
unjust to convert thosr
d liir coiii>a.(l'ilul and u
jiiro wished to impose
to them myself, as his.
passage.
every one must know,
rs of all countries; thai
uercd during tlie thin
liroiie raise<l by our own
il, from whalevf r quartet
dd rise to defend tlietn.
bidding you farewill,
ir, I lender to my d(at
lieir friendship, my emi.
nil', my wishes for their
il liny have perfornnil,
II yet do, my hope that
he inisrepresinlations nl
inst me in their breasts;
ii'ients of a tender offei-
latest lireatli.
" l.AFAYKTTK."
not in the least diminiKJi
; perhaps even the enii.
s niucli increased by llir
the revolution of July,
isf iiitlieled on (he g( ne
III siM'eies of ostraeisiii
f his polilii'iil life. In
if a eili/en, that In 17>'l
^llic head of two hundriil
.iousand armed patriots ; that, nearly forty years after,
ic had traversed in triumph the twenty-lour states ot the
Amerieun L'nioii, reviewing ihe regular troops and eili-
ten niililla which crowd.d the passage ot ll,e nulwn s
guvM ; and that, more recently, he had toiind 'Minsell at
flie Ilolel.ile-Ville, at the head of the revolution ot It^.iO.
5n short, il was not tr his olliee of generalissimo that,
uring half a century, the confidence and veneration ol
the nations of America and Kurope had bee.', attached.
Bnl, if the personal position of Lafayette remained
nnallered by his retirement, it was not tin; less injurious
£ the public weal, that the national guard lost in him an
abject around which all the interests ot order and liber y
might rally. And as for the throne which, in the deii-
^uni of ambition and fear, thought to strengthen itsel
fiy getting rid of his influence, what has it then gained
& separating itself from him? Where could it hnd a
jriner or more faithful support than in the man who had
ipcdded it to liberty ; the only one, too, that was capable
if preventing their inevitable divorce, perhaps near at
hand, whieh has been pleading, for seventeen inonlhs,
lit the bar of the nation >. Strauge fatality which attends
eur royalties of whatever origin!
But, what is not less curious than the blindness of the
monarchy of July, is the dillieully which, were they men
fcf ever so much discernmenl, the seekers after wealth,
title, and influence, must find, to comprehend a character
4ikc Lafayette's. The contemning of those sorts of things
is beyond the understanding of such people. They per-
^ctly coinprchend that a man should be persevering in
jirinciple, tenacious in will, confident of results unfore-
feeii by the most sagacious ; they do not dispute that
fcldness and coolness which in the course of the longest
if political lives, should have all at once placed him on
Jie highest ground of every kind of ambition. But that
.iliis man, having only to desire to be rich, powerful, and
Alie dis|ienscr of favours, should not have the resolution
close the hand in which the love and confidence of
Sic people had placed all their possessions, is what the
nibitious great, as well as the petty intriguers, cannot
nderstand. A character such as this, is to their minds
perfect anomaly, which they cannot e.vplaiii, except by
ittributing to it an inherent want of judgment and
iiiergy : they ask their own breasts ; and they find that
oinelhing, they hardly know what, must necessarily be
leficieiit in that political soul which, from being so ar-
leat and so daring, has sunk in their eyes into timidily
nd weakness ; since, after trampling upon the greatest
rejudiees, it tbolishly cheeks itself through a scruple of
:onscieiice. What, in fact, is to be expected from a
itatesman who thinks and says u|)on every occasion, that,
great iiersonnl tiueslions, i( is jienernllif safest tn ilecidr
ipaiiist our own interest .' A man wlia thus places all
s glorv above vulgar ambitions; who ranks among
hose ambitions, thrones, presiileneies, and eonquesis;
for whom the inferiorily of his fellow creatures, the pa-
ade of a court, of aiulienees, and of external splendour,
lave no attraction ; a man of this description, is cer-
.linly not in accordance with this age in which he lives.
Thus, for want of a sense to enable them to imderstaud
10 unusual a eliaracter, Ihr jiii>tr iiiiliru entertain a jiro-
roniKl contempt for that singular being, who, placed so
lien in a situation fur satisfying every amliitiniis appc-
ile, yet bus never been able to help lurniiig his hack
ipoii t'orluiie, as a child lets its |)lay things drop from its
aiuls.
Such are the symptoms by whieh the enemies of Tia-
yetlc have discovered the decay of his political fiieiil-
es, .Old his incapacity liir government. There is, how-
VI r, aiiiillier, which they have overlooked, but upon
I'.iih they might argue w illi quite as much justice : it
H, that riiliculmis monomania which urges him iiices-
lantly to ilelend the interests of liberty and of the sim-
ilest institntions for the public good ; it is again (and
re 1 speak seriously) the tiiult lie has sometimes eoni-
llled, of iiiduliiing loo much in Ihe enjoyment of pre.
nliiig Ihe enntrast of a man who, having all in his
wer, will have nothing fiir himself.
Il remains lor me now to exhibil Lal'ij-ctle in the
igle eliaineter of a deputy, aller the revolution of July,
bat is, during the nineteen months that have followed
lis dismissal.
including all that immediately relates to I.afayctte and
Louis Philippe.
Lafayellc and his friends had made numerous elVorts
to cause the magistracy of Chailes X. to be changed, as
it was almost entirely composed of counter-revolutionary
leaders.
This ma
d by the
Here M. Sarrans closes the second division of his
S'oik. From the ensuing pages we have made such ex.
raets, as, while (hey fiiUow thr thread of Ihe history, do
^ot embody the private opinions rrs|ipcting the late
lilts which encumber the text of the author, who must
' considered nn a parliflan writer. Wn give his facts
icy however, was defended and prescrv-
■nee of the ("ourt joined to that of the
Restoration parly, which had appointed the greater
number of the judges, and removed from the tribunals
all who were not notoriously royalist. Hut when the
question arose, os to tho admission of the capacites to
llie exercise of the electoral right, l-aliiyelte opposed the
exclusion of these magistrates, an exclusion which a
part of the opposition had committed the error of de-
manding in a fit of spleen against tho majority ; which
circumstance caused the exclusion of the other capacites,
and vitiated tho electoral law in one of its most essen-
tial principles. While this long debate was going for-
ward, his opinion was, that the perfection of political
civilisation U|>on this head, consisted in this; namely,
that each person paying taxes should lie entitled to a
direct vote in electing the representatives, and should
not be in any way disturbed in his choice of the trustees
of the country. " That which for Europe is still con.
sidcrcd as Utopian," said Lafayette, " has been practis.
ed for more than fifty years in the United States,
There every tax payer is an elector ; and among them
is to bo found the militia man, tho member of the na-
tional guard, who has paid in the course of the year
the ])ersonal contribution of one day's service. 'I'hore
no pecuniary qualification for candidates is known ; yet
every thing goes on without inconvonienca and without
disturbance. Such is the power of popular information,
of civic habits, and national institutions."
In his twofold capacity, as a member of the legisla-
ture, and as commander of the national guards of the
kingdom, Lafayette had caused to be proclaimed from
the tribune, as well as in the cabinet, the system of
non-intervention, the equality of the men of colour
with other citizens in the eye of tho law which governs
our colonies, and the recognition of the South Ameri-
can and Mexican republics. In his view, the foreign
policy of the July revolution ought to consist in the
necessary developnriient of those three primary points.
He constantly maintained these principles whenever di-
plomatic questions occurred in the debates of tho Cham-
ber of Deputies. But it was not enough to have procured
the adoption of the mere denomination of a system ; the
more important point was, to guard the system itsclt
against perfidious interpretations, by clearly and pre.
cisely defining its letter and its spiiit: this was done
by Lafayette on two or throe decisive occasions. Every
one remember.s, for instance, that memorable silling of
ll'illi January, 1H31, in which Lamnrque, Mauguin, and
Laliiyetto, exhibited the nations of Europe arising one
after another for liberty ; Belgium oti'eriiig us that belt
of fortresses which the Coalition had erected against
the France of llil-1 and IHI;"); Poland running the ter-
rible hazards of an insurrection, to avoid inarching
agaliut us ; and, in tlioso momentous circumstances,
the government of Louis I'liilippo sunk in the most
tnconceivabin lethargy, acting as the ministry of
Charles X. would have acted, and lloundering w itiiout
cniirugn or resolution in the slough into which its pre-
decessors had prceipitalcd the ilcstoration. Then it
was, I Imtafler remind ing I he {'liamber of the consecrated
maxim of the CMiigrcss of Vienna, that " so long as a
single revolutionary dynasty should exist, the revolu-
linn would not bn exilnguishod ; and that the principle
of legitimacy must bo made every where to prevail ;
that, irithoiil that, there could lie no peace, hut onli/ ii
truer:'' llion it was, I say, that the illustrious warrior
upon whom the grave has just now closed, so energeti-
cally characterised as .\ lui.T in tiik Mini-:, tliiit peace
which the Ueslnratlon had allowed to bo imposed
upon it, ond tho shameful bequest of which was ac-
cepted by the ministers of tho citizen king. " France,"'
said Lamarque, " has never forgiven the Itonrbons the
shame of Ihe treaties of ini.'i; she would have been
gratified to find that tho king of her clioieo felt an she
does, and partook her national pride.'' • ""
Tn this eoiifusioii of principles, it became Ihe hoiinden
ihity of Lafayette to bring back things to the true inenn-
iiig of July, that is, n popular throne aurrountird with
npulilican institutions ; to prove that that was not a
throne conl'erred by the Chamber of the two hundred
and twenty -one; and that n seeptro received from the
haiuU of the people, cotild be mnintainrd only by institu-
tions emanating from the people. In short, it was es-
sential to know, once tiir all, the extent nf the discrepan-
ries between the eompnet of the nnlr|.(le.\'il|e and llic
system reeiiilly avowed by Ihe Pahiis-lioyal.
In ailililinii to this, anolhir subject of vital importance
engaged public allentiini. The approaching dissolution
of the Chaniber was spoken of. M. Lnflitlc, president of
the council, had even announced Ironi the tribune that
he would eoiisnll the king upon il. Hut the niajiirilv of
the iliiclrinuirrs wished that the new eireliiins should
lake place under the anihorily of the temporary law of
Ihe IrJth of September, and not under that of Ihe electoral
law, the discussion of which was eniilinually postponed.
Lafayette deemed it his duty to opposi; iK'forehund that
proposition, which might compromise the t'uture t'ate of
France, by prolonging the existence of the tax. paying
qualifications at 301) francs for electors and 1000 francs
for deputies. • » » » »
What was the real state of things, nine months af\er
the day when the peo|)le, at the price of their blood, had
created a monarchy, and thought they had acqomplished
a revolution !
It is here imiiortanl to look closely into facts, and ob-
serve precisely the situation of afl'airs at the moment the
prorogation was aimouiieed.
Nine months, I say, had cla|>sed since the king of
July had sworn to devote his whole lil'e to the triumph
of the revolution, to protect the development of liberty,
and to watch, with jealous care, over the inaintenanco
of the national honour. Well, theories and opinions
apart, what li.id occurred in that short space of time ?
At home; Ijafayeltc divested nf hiseommand in chief;
the honest Dupont de I'Eure filled with disgust, and ob-
liged to quit the council; the chief magistracy of the ca-
pital wrested out of the hands of an upright jiatriot, and
thrown into those of a prefect of the empire; of the laws
promised by the charter, some postponed indefinitely,
the others vitiated by clauses injuriously restrictive of
liberty ; an electoral law such that, although the quota
of contributions remained almost the only basis of the
elective qualification, yet an increase of the taxes gave
no means tiir extending the franchise; an association
formed for the purpose of expelling a family which had
covered France with wounds and chains, persecuted
with fury; a law on tho national guard, evincing the
most ineoneeivablc distrust of the loyalty of the citizens;
the patriotic functionaries, the ollicers most devoted to
tho order of things which they had cemented with their
blood, every whore removed by wholesale, and their
places given to the satellites of every gone-by regime.
Abroad; tho men who had represented tho liillen go-
vernment, alone sent as ambassadors to foreign courts ;
the principle of non-intervention, but lately proclaimed
with an ostentatious boldness, openly disowned, or sub-
jected to the most perfidious interpretations; a people
who had thrown themselves between France and tho
most powerful of her enemies, tho people of Poland,
basely saerificod, without a single friendly denionslra-
tion, without one testimony of sympathy, or semlini;
even a courier;* the Italian states, whieh tho govern-
ment had urged to rise, delivered up, under our eyes, to
foreign occupation, pillage, conlisealinn, and the ven-
geanre of a tivv contemptilile despots; llelgium repulsed,
insiilli'd by our governnienl, and obliged to throw her-
seli into the arms nf FOiiijIand ; in short, Ihe piinciplcs
anil the interests of lln^ revolution of July neglected
and belrayeil on every side. » • »
Lafayette had hern snnitnoned as a witness on the re-
quisition of the ni I used petty conspirators. On his en-
tering the court of assize, Ihe prisoners, the barristers,
the jUiy, anil the whole nudieliee, rose and saluted the
noble geiur I. The point in question was, to prove that
an inforinatniii laid before the stall", of a Bonapartist con-
spiracy, having liir its object to get possession of the
guns belonging to the artillery of Ihe national guard,
had been ihe soh; reason fiir the measures nf defence
whieh some enmpanies had deemed it proper to take ;
which measiir. » (he accusation impnted to them as a
crime. The gi im ral proved (hat (his was (he real (ruth ;
and he also paid a solemn tribute to tlir palrindsm of
(hat lirave citizen ariillery, ngainsl wlinli (he govern,
menl was already exercising all its enmity. When La-
I'ayelle withdrew, the prisoners, the jury, and the siiceta-
tors, rose and bowed afresh.
"Mv readers well know the result of this trial, by which
* Il will tin ri'rnlli'ririt. iliat. ill n report pri'irnifil to iliii PuUah
T>i<i,ilie minis > I tiir lorriiin attiiirs 111' ilnii riiiiMir> iiiniptuiiifil ol'
n,-i tmviiiK rri-iiM'il any (oki-n of ►jinimttiy iin ttie pan of Uie
Knnrh gnvprninoni for iliii rnltiih raiise, iior rini ii niiirirr.
30
LAFAYKTTE AND LOUIS l>IIlI,llM'i:.
tlic govcriiiiieiit gaiiiicl iiothiiiy but tlic oiliuiii of having
bought to erect seuH'ohls, * •
LiUiiyette, on whoso part nothing certainly hail ren-
dered it necessary to make a deehmition of principles,
made a |M)int of giving his constituents un account, not
only of tlic reasons wiiieh had actuated liiin in his votes
upon all the gieat legislative (|uestions that liad occupied
the session, hut liliewiso of the opinions and the hopes
wliich had governed his political conduct in the memora-
ble events of July. Hy conforming to this eustcmi, so
consonant to the nature of a constitutional government,
Lafayetle rendered the country a service so nuieh the
more important, as it served belter to clear away the
mist which the head of the government was anxious to
spread over the primitive eontlilions of its own existence.
He was, moreover, sitting an example to his eolleagui's,
which, being followed liy many of them, called lorlli
those numerous pledges to vole against the hereditary
peerage, wliii:h were u'emumled from the new deputies,
bv nearly the whole of the colleges.
" That document is worthy to be preserved for history,
not only as a model of candour and propriety, but like-
ui.se as the most lucid view that could bo taken at that
period of the events of July. In it Lafayette said :
" You will ask mo, my dear constituents, what was
the nature of that progranmie of the Ilotel-dc-Ville, so
olU'H cited by me, disputed by others, and the fultilmcnt
of which it is my duty to claim.
" After the visit of the now lieutenant general, acconi.
panted by the deputies, to the Hotel-de-Ville, I considered
that the popular authority and public confidence with
which I was invested, gave me the right and imposed
U|H)n mo the obligation to come to an explicit under-
standing, in the name of the |M'ople, with tlic intended
king : — ' You are aware,' I said to him, ' that I am ii
rfpubliean, and that J took upon the constitution of the
United Stales as the most perfect that has ever existed.'
' / think as you do,' replied the Duke of Orleans, ' it is
impossible to hare passed two years in .Imerica and not
to he of thut opinion ; Imt dn you think, in the situation of
h'rance, and considirim; the neneral opinion, that it in
adi-isalile to adopt it '' ' iY",' said I, ' uliat the French
people now require is, a popular throne surrouruled uilh
repuUican instiliiliona!' — ' It is just so tkiit I understand
it,' replied the pruice. This nnitual agreement, which
every one may interpret as ho pleases, but which I
hastened to pulilish, had the cHect of rallying around us,
both those? who had no wish for a nmnarch, and those
who wished to have any other than a BonrlHin." * *
The ministry had suggested that the French patriots
liad given the I'oles the h id eiihice, to throw otf the yoke
of their tyrant, liafayette repelled that insinuation,
which went to establish that |)etty ambitions had, in real-
ity, Ix'cn the spring of those great patriotic and national
nmvements which we ha\c seen burst ibrth in the diHbr-
cnt parts of t;uro|«", and es|)eeially in Poland, since the
oleclric shock of the revolnlion of July. " Hut," said he,
" if bad advice was given, it must rather have Iwen that
timid advice of which I have ollen spoken to this Cham-
ber, and which caused the I'olish ligation to write home,
under the dictation of the French novemment, tliat in two
mnnlhs atl'airs would be arranged, and that Poland nmst
hold out until then."
Lafayetle conjured the government to repair at least a
part of the wrong which it had done to Poland, by in-
structing its andjassador, at tlic court of Prussia, to
require that the I'oles should no longer Im! arrested and
ill-treated, when they asked that they might not return
under the riigime of the knout, but he free to come and
seek amongst us that hospitality which all France of-
fered them.
Flo also called tor a termination of the unhappy con-
dition of (Ireeei', and e8|x>eially that every ellort should
be iiiude to free her from the .''way of Hussia, who, ever
Rince Catherine's time, has been taxing her ingenuity to
deceive that unfortunate peojile. And he concluded with
soliciting the sympathy and support of the government
for the generous enlirprise of the Portuguese, who, at
the moment that I write th, se lines, are lighting to deli
that he authorised him to contradict it in tin; most ex-
plicit nmnner. Well; three months have scarcely
elapsed since that ministerial denial ; and alrei.dy a
detachment of four hundred Polos, without even be'ing
permitted to touch tlio French shore, have born trans-
ported by us to the coast of Africa. And why this
new vexation ? Because the Prussian miuislry have,
it is said, acquainted our cabinet, that soihe Polish sol-
diers asserted that they wero going to France to over-
throw Louis Philippe! Such is the incredililo prelem.e
for a resolution which AI. do Rigny has declared to be
irrevocable. « » » »
vcr their country from the execrable tyranny of Don
Miguel, that worthy brother of the king of Spam: "for,"
sail! Lafiyetle, "there is a fratirnity of seutimrnt in
their lives, as well as a kindred between their families."
Thoru w.iB already some rumour of the project
wliich the ministry havu now realised, of fijreibly send-
ing tlio Poles to .Mgiers. Lafayette, feeling Ihu neces-
sity of arming himself bcforchnnd against sueh an in-
elination, availed himself of this rumour to inform tho
C'hainbcr, that having mentioned tho matter to tho
minister of war, tlin latter had answered liitn that Iho
Kuppusilioii was false, tliut it was quito absurd, and
Such was tho political conduct of Lafayetle, from
the day of his di><inlssal from tho eommaiid'in chief ot
the national guards of France, down to the close of
the lust legislative session. 1 have, however, forgotten
to point out one of tho most important services whicii ihis
great citizen has rendered to tho principle ol' equality.
1 mean tlio suppression of that arlicle of tlie peiiiil
code of tho Finpire, which inflicted a fine and lm|)ri.''oi!-
inent upon any Frenchman who should of li>s own au-
thority assume a title of nobility. This siippro.ssioii,
so coiiforinablu to the social opinions ut' Lafayette,
ought to be considered as completing the aliolition ol
iho privileges of hor.dilary nobility in France, since
each man may henceforward crealo liiiiiielf. at plea-
sure, a duke, marquis, or baron, 'i'liis of itself is
something, until wo can have something better.
It will be seen that, while the wavering liberalism of
the men of monopoly and the double vole, has given
way on every side ; while the hearts of so many lilie-
rals have failed, to whom France had given credit lor
civic virtues; tho ancient patriotism of Lafayette has
remained unshaken, the beacon of liliorty, in the
midst of that Chamber unnerved by fear or undermin-
ed by corruption.
In alt tho prominent discussions of thai long and
calamitoUG session, upon the addres's, the peerage, tho
civil list, tho budget, tho foreij;n policy insinuating
itself throughout, we have seen him, faithful to his
principles id' half a century, contending inch by inch,
and from position to position, against the encroach-
ments of aristocracies, of whatever origin, upon the
salutary doclrino of the sovereignty of the people; a
doctrine upon which, in his eyes, necessarily depend
the wishes, the interests, the wants, the civilisation, the
genius, and tho greatness of nations; a doctrine, in
short, with which he has imbued . vei y great question
upon which he has entered, and o ' • "liich he has loft
such deep traces in the minds of ni"n, that no liiimun
frenzy lias power to etVace them. * *
The doors of the Palais-Honrbon were closed. The
battle had actually ceased for want of combatants, and
our terrified and panting tribunes of the people had lied
to their country houses. The clioliTa was not there yet.
However, during tho period of nearly half a century that
tho revolutionary torrtnt iias boon rolling over France,
never had any legislative campaign been so liitiil to the
national interests of every kind, never had any cliamIxT
inflicted so many wounds on the countiy. The wants,
the wishes, the interests, the civilisation, tho greatness,
the fam(^ and the geniiisof France, all had been stauied,
withered in the unhallowed hands of the doctrinaires.
And, most remarkable eircumstaneo 1 astounding pheno-
menon ! but eighteen iiiontlis after the July revolution,
the acts of this imiipio legislature had nothing in them
either of the good or of the evil accomplished by former
assemblies; its deeds wero marked with a character quite
|K>culiar, a eliaraetcr truly wonderful in its kind. * *
Tho events at (irenoble ; the dissolution of tlie national
guards of five or six departments ; the prank at Mar-
illes ; the clandestine landing of the Duchess of Berri
on the coast of l'ro»enee; the culpable comiivance, from
family considerations, which allowed that attempt to go
unpunished; tho unobstructed journey of the lie/rent
through our Houthern provinces, from the .Mediterranean
to the ocean; commerce, maiiuliictures, and agriculture,
struggling against iiiKurmountablo diHlcultics ; the rising
of La Vendee ; the nearly accomplished overthrow of the
(irey administration ; and tint disturbance which that
vent had been un the point of producing in the atlairs til'
Fronee ; Poland buried in the silence of the grave, and
grass growing in the streets of Warsaw, under the feet
of the I'ossaok's horse ; Prussia bringing up her reserves,
and concentrating her corps on the banks of the Hhine ;
n the east, the Austrian lutlalionHnverrumiiug Bavaria,
and all the small states of the (iermanie confederation in
motion ; our handful of soldiers shut up in Aneona, and
our national Hag pitcuusly furled ; the warlike attitude of
Ilulluiid ; the iievcr-cndiiig furcc of the Iiondoii confer
eiice ; a conclave of Uussian and Gernian gcncralB assciii-
bled at Berlin ; in short, the whole eombinatioii of cTents
which ogitute Europe, wounding in every quarter our
sympathies and our interests ; all these things began to
make the most indilferent feel that the cabinet of the
Tuilcries had, to say the least of it, lost all solicitude for
the welfare of France.
Sueh was the state of things when that man died, who
had been considered as the (lersonification of the system
of the l.'ttli of March. The principal underlings of M.
Perier, looked njion the funeral of the president of the
council as an excellent opportunity tor reviving lukewarm
atfections, and all'ccliug an im|iosing manit'cstation of
regret lor the loss of that minister, and of approbation for
the jiolilical system of which they had constituted them-
selves the inheritors. In consequence of which, the na-
tional guards were ordered to attend as on duly at this
funeral display ; and six thousand of tlie people employed
in the different government ofliees, received orders to put
on cra]K', and to conic and pour out their lamentations
over the tdiub of the great man, on whom, during three
days, the treasury journals had been lavishing their offi-
cial panegyric. Nothing that could excite the curiosity
of the idle of a groat capital, was negleclcd by the under-
takers of tho juste milieu ; programmes describing the
route of the iiroccssion, the number and the places of the
civil and military bodies which wero to acconqiany it,
were distributed profusely in every quarter of Paris ; and
the fineness of the weatlicr contributed to call out the
people to witness this funeral solemnity. But neither
the attractions of an imposing spectacle, nor the influence
of a cloudless sky after a long winter, eoiild awaken in
I the breasts of the siiectators an enthusiasm which the
iTrors of the illustrious dead had smothered. The peo-
j'le (I speak not of those of the government offices) were
mute, and retired indilferent to tliat pomp, out of which
t]':^ remains of tho cabinet of the 13th of March endea-
voured by every means to extract excuses for all the
taults, apologies for all the madness of the minister, whom
death had just reduced to that nothingness from which,
perhaps, it had been better for the honour and the repu-
tation of his country that he had never been raised.
A few days after, an irreparable loss threw the coun.
iry into consternation, a national loss, an incalculable
loss, of which the future will jicrhaps very soon disclose
to us the whole extent. A brave man, who had been
prodigal of his blood on twenty fields of battle, whose
heart never thrilled but for that Franco whom he served
with honour in all her vicissitudes of fortune ; one of the
purest ornaments of the tribune and of the army ; a de-
puty, who was as great on orator, as he was a skilful and
faithful commander, Lamarque was no more !
Although it had been declared inevitable for several
weeks before, this death produced in Paris the effect of a
great and sudden cahimity. « » »
On Tuesday morning, tho .5tli of Juno, the most per-
fect quiet prevailed in every quarter of the capital,
whcie nothing foreboded the sanguinary scenes wliicli
were lo terminate this day. The sky was serene, and
cvory thing announced that a fine sun would light up
tho obsequies of the illustrious doad. From ten o'clock,
numetous assemblages of citizens prococdod towards the
buulovards and in tho diicction of tho neighbourhood
of the house of mourning. These masses were compos-
ed of Fronclimen of all classes, and principally of na-
tional guards in uniform. Tho whole capital was
aflbcted with a profound feeling of rejrrot, and appear-
ed desirous to pay a last tribute to the mortal remaiiiH
of a great citizen, who had liillon in the broach in de-
fence of tho public liberties. At eleven o'clock, tiio
body of the deceased was placed on a funeral car ; and,
after soma little confusion, inseparable from all coronio.
nies of this description, it proceeded on its way, drawn
by patriots who contended ibr tho honour of bearing
sucli n burden. It was a mngnificcnt spoelacle, to soo
that multitude of Frenchmen and tbreigners moving
along in one silent mass which exceeded far more than
a league, shading tho cotliii of Lamarqiiu with Iwenty
diflcrent banners, and joining in one common feeling uf
reverence and sorrow in tho presence of the mortal re-
mains ut' that faithful friend uf all freomen. The pro-
( ession moved un to the ciius of Five la Liherti! live
liiifaye.tte !
' shall say little of the incidents which occurred be-
fire the procession reached the Place do hi Bastille,
where Lanmrquo was lo receive the last farewoll of his
friends. Those incidents are confined to a brutal attack
inudo by some town serjcants, u|ion a young man who
was crying Vive la Lihette! and whom they wounded
dangcrouHly. Those |iulice agents wore, liowevcr, savod
fruiii the most inuuiiiont danger, by the eflurls of those
en
11
'■■1
ed
^e
.1
■io
a'
L.\ WETI f AND IX>U1S PIllLII'I'K,
31
jcriiian generals aascni-
e combination of ctentH
; in every quarter our
i these things began to
that the cabinet of the
it, lost all solicitude for
hen that man died, who
nification oftlie syHtcm
icipal underlings of iM.
of the ])residint of the
y for reviving lukewarm
|>osing nianifistalion of
r, and of approbation for
y had constituted thcm-
uence of which, the na-
itlend as on duty at this
ilof tlie people employed
>s, received orders to jiiil
out tlicir lamentations
, on whom, during tlireo
Doen lavishing tlieir offi-
Duld excite the curiosity
1 neglected l)y the under-
frranmico dcseribingthc
her and the places of the
were to accompany it,
ry quarter of Paris ; and
triliutcd to call out the
solcnmity. But neither
cctacle, nor the influence
winter, ronld awaken in
I cnthusiaHm which the
d smothered. The pro-
nrovcrnment offices) were
Uiat pomp, out of which
le 13th of March cndca-
rnct excuses for all the
;ss of the minister, whom
nothingness from which,
the honour and the rcpu-
1 never been raised,
able loss tlircw the coun-
nal loss, an incalculable
jrhaps very soon disclose
avc man, who had been
y fields of battle, whose
France whom he served
ies of fortune ; one of the
1 and of the armjf ; a do-
■, as he was a skilful and
Iwas no more '.
led inevitable for several
■d in Paris the effect of a
» « •
III of .Inne, the most per-
([nartor of the capital,
.nguinary scenes which
he sky was Bcreno, and
ino sun would light up
load. From ten o'clock,
IS proceeded towards tho
11 of the neighbourhood
se masses were compos-
I and principally of na-
|ie whole capital was
of regret, and appoar-
to the mortal remains
lion in tho breach in de-
U cloven o'clock, tho
on a funeral car i and,
laruble from all coronio-
joded on its way, drawn
tho honour of bearing
lificent spectacle, to sou
[and Ibroigners moving
Ixcccded far more than
Lamarqiio with Iwcniv
one common fcoling of
mco of the mortal ro-
ll freemen. Tho pro-
Vive la Liheile! I'm
nls which occurred be-
Place do hi Dastillc,
Ithe last farewoll of his
Vmcd to a brutal attack
on a young man wlm
j whom they wounded
Is wore, however, saved
Iby the eflurts of those
I
__,.....ii iirlillcry men who liavo just Ucn disbanded a
■acoiid lime. The unseasonable obstinacy of At. dc Fitz-
teiies, ill rofusiiig to take olf his hat for a lew minutes
t^ilo one hundred thousand of his lellow citizens were
iiDiiKlratiiins of satisfaction,
ipcak in his turn, advanced
u short cxli iiipurf speech
passing, hiireheaded, under his windows, gave rise also
!• some niaiiifc'statiiins of resentment, which might have
Spconic serious liiid not tlio iioblu duko thought better
<rf ii. Hut '.liere is an episode which I must relate, as
ope of the most reniurkablo cliaraclerostics of that so-
l((niiity. 1 allu.lc to the sudden idea of going to tlio
Uluinplial column. It lias been 6Ugye.-,led lliat this step
was preiiiuditated. TliiU i^ not triio ; and to bo convinc
e4 of il, it is sullicicnl to rellect tliat, ha.l that project
bgeii previously enlcrtaiiicd, they would have gone di-
rect from tho inaiision of tlio deceased lo the Place Vcn-
dooie, instead of rnacliiiig it by a circuitous route witli-
Olti any reason lor doing so. The truth is, tliiit the idea
of that oval ion occurring all at once, and when tlic pro-
ctwsion was in full niarcli, to sonic adejits in tho lion-
' s of the old French school, it was adopted by the
Sulies wlio suiiporled tho funeral pall; !br Marshal
usci and llenoral I,afayilto were seen to tuko each
oijicrby llie arm, and following the fiineralcar, with their
heads uncovered, they made the circuit of tho eo'.uniii,
aqiid the plaudits of the national guard, who licheld
wU'i transport the honiayc tiius rendered to French
glory.
From that moment, there appeared to he grounds for
eadiiig that a collision with the people was eonleniplat-
[ by the goveriinient. According to custom, whenever
' 1 corpse of a military man passes by a military post,
1 lalter is put under arms. Why then, at the approach
f tin; funeral procession of F..aiiiaripie, escorted by sev-
el41 detachinents of troops of the line, did tho [lost of the
^alf of tlie Ftacc, including tho sentry, retire into the
a^rdhouse ! Was not that departure from military
age, that wiuiton insult to the memory of a French
neral, calculated to irritate the pi^ople, and to excite
lious disturbances ? Such, indeed, would have liccn
I immediate ctVect of tliat insult, if, warned by the in-
frnalion which began to express itself in threats, the
erniination had not been taken to pay the honors due
tlic illustrious deceased. This scene, however, left an
Italion in the minds of the spectators, and it was cvi-
bt that little more would suffice to light up one vast
nie.
Indignation had already been felt by all ranks, at the
llt;il measure of confmiiig the pupils of the Polytechnic
pool within iheir walls, forbidding those brave youllis
siitislaction of otVering a last tribute to the military
itues which ought to serve them ns a model and guide,
pin that inoincnt, also, cries of Fire In lAberti '.
lonoiir lo Lainarquel" " Down with the juste milieu'."
lOpc heard in tlie procession. Hut it was observed, that
*jlee cries were nlt*'red by men unknown to the friends
gliberty, and upon whom the latter in vain endeavoured
Jnii>ose silence, by representing to them that on this
asion, the love of liberty should be expressed by
cf alone. * « ♦ «
3ut nothing yet announced the deplorable catastro-
I which was preparing, and, though tliu route of the
cession, as first arranged, could not be strictly obsorv-
|it loiiehod the Place do la Bastille without either the
which l!)ll ill lorienls.or some vexation occasioned
Ithe attack ol' the town Serjeant, already incntioiied,
ling had tlieelleetof diverliiig tho multitude from the
pliiient of a sacred and |iatri>ilic duty. Tho hearse
CMisscil the Place de la Bastille ; crowds of |>eo|ilR
iv pressing towards the plutfurni, from which several
elies were to lie delivered, and to which some national
Irds and the pupils of the Polyteclmie school, Hushed
heal, had hastened, and, in defiance of the orders of
eominunder, had tbrmed themselves around it lo
cct the cor|)Ke, the invalids hi'aring the military
Jiiiii, and the oralors who were to siKMik, from the
Bun; of the eager multitude.
In imposing stillness reigned among the people; lint
jls already pi'rceived that some men desirous of cre-
; a disturbance had mingled with them, and were
taVDiiring to excite them in spite of the elltirts of (he
onal guard anil I.amarque's friends to put them down.
lerllieless silence ap|K'nred to lie restored tor ii while;
111 IMarsliiil Ciansel, in the name of the army, and M.
:;iiin, ill lliat of tin.' t'hamher of Depulies, each de-
il a speech wliieh was received with great ap-
;,.. • * «
I. Pons de I'llerault, the Polish general l'iiiiiiski,tlie
Vio licU well, and the Portuguese general Saldanlia,
[ iiu iled lo pay a tribute of respect to the defender of
cause, read successively some siRCches, which wore
r. I ri\. Ill till »trnng<
Lil'iy ■ ing requesli
iw II I iilatform, am:
l,.l I Mention of 111. .jple. 't-I • ■ -I'ot where
the BaMiih lurmerly sIimmi iliat - suhliim
memento of the revolution ol I7«t .il nunier
ous assemblage of the [icople, \ ictors great wo*
of 1630. He paid an enthusiast ie tribi lo the banner-
not of the kings, but of the penplc of i .nd, Portugii.
Spain, Italy, and (icrmany, which w>i over the i .lUi.
of liiimarque, and which lie called ti liililr. ii of ..ii»
tri-coloured flag. He finished by eiiln .iiiiig im mull
tilde who heard him to n tire quietly, and not Kpuil Unit
patriotic dai/. And, as some menlion had been made, us
already staled, of conveying the corpse of Lainari|ue to
the Pantheon, Lafayette earnestly enjoined the patrifits
to res|)ect the vsishcs of the deceased, and the arrange-
ineiils already made by his family. This exiiorlatioii
met with a general assent ; the deputies retired ; and had
this mournful ceremony terminaled there, a more; impos-
ing, a more remarkable protest had never been made
against a government and its system.
A coiieurrcnrc of incidents quite unforeseen came
opportunely to save \\\e. juste milieu.
Among the banners of various colours which, after
iho iiianner of Knglaud, were displayed in the proces-
sion, there were two red Hags, wliieh, it may he ob-
served, seems at least lo exclude the idea of premedi-
tation. One of those flags, purchased, as is allirmed,
during the march of Iho procession, had no inscription
whatsoever. The other bore for its inolto, lAherli/ or
death : which, in the early period of the revolution,
signified only tii lire free, or die ; a motto which Louis
Philippe, in his character of member of the jacobin
club, must have long borne on tho buttons of his
coat; but which, afterwards, under the reign of ter-
ror, might have been rendered \ty Liberty! or I kill
lliee !
The bonnet roi/g'f, the bloody cinblein of the terror-
ism of 1793, appeared all at once in the midst of La-
inarquo's funeral, bnt not before the coffin had reached
tlie Place d'Austerlitz, that is, at the niomcnl ol finishing
the obsequies. Out of what anarchist's, Carlist's, or
doctrinaire's pocket did it issue 7 That is a point
which solemn eii(|uiries, not contemplated by the de-
clarers of a stale of siege, will soon disclose to France.
However that might bo, this iinfortunalu scareeiow,
fixed on one of tho red liags, was borne for some time
amidst the astonished crowd. * » * »
Whulever may come of tho enquiry now pending in
llic tribunals, 1 do not hcsilale to affirm thai, on the
part of the people, those deplorable events bear every
mark of a fortuitous encounter, in which, under vari-
ous impulses, some youths, some working men, and
some national guards, engaged, but who, one hour bn-
Ibre, had not the sliirhtest notion of an insurrection,
and who never thought of striking a blow until they
were attacked. Now, if it be admilled that of llic
nine hundred persons, at the utmost, who were engag-
ed In that unhappy conflict, one half, at least, consisted
of those whom I hove just mentioned, it will by seen
to what this vast and formidable plot in behalf of the
revolutionary s-call'olds of 171).) really amounled j a plot
lo put down which it was necessary to employ more
troops than were on Iho field of Wagram or .Marengo.
Tho appoaraiicfl of Konio troops of dragoons over-
turning all in their way, had roused the anger of the
people and destroyed the etfoct of Lafayello's exhorta-
tions to preserve the peace. Then cries of: If^'e aie
attacked! To arms! Nn more llourbons ! Vive la lie-
puhliquc 1 resounded loudly, and u considerable number
of citiznns, and of pupils of tho Polylechiiic school,
drew up in lino, to form a rampart between the cavalry
of the government and tho crowd of eilizeiis, men,
women, and children, wedged togolhcr on the Place
do la Bastille, lint, while this first squadron was
kept in cheek, another issued upon the Boulevards, no
doubt to place the procession between two fires. Then
il was that Ihe first shots wore exchanged. My readers
are acquainted with tho results of that first conflict,
and the vicissitudes of the two days.
But ill the midst of that confusion what had become
of Laf.iycllo ^ Ho had proceeded towards the spot
where his carriage was lo wait for him, niid not find-
ing it, he and his son got into a hackney coach, from
which llni people took tho horses, and would draw it
Ihonisclvcs, notwilhstanding the efl'orts and earnest
entreaties of Lafayello lo bo spared lliat species of
British ovation, for which, in America as in Europe,
and at every period of his life, lie alwayn evinced a
««rf
•»W
:< '
■-y
.11 1
»v«ri'i
ii
iin 1.
:re
1 111 lie
ip
ol per
It wet h'.ttever the only means lell
of the i'io»d, and rs. aping Irniii tho
ii's i.r afl'eelion wh eh were lavished
li.e mean lime, the einiibal had eoiii-
•ol where Iho eoHlii was; and a large
IS had presenteil Iheniselves at tho
,oors ol l.al'ayelle's i arrnige, uUering cries expressive
,J' the gicatcst exasperation, and |n'aying the general
;o nihnv himself lo be eundueted tu the llotel-de-Ville.
I.afayelte was rejei ling that pn.piis'.il, and conjuring
Ibose men to keep the peace ; when this irroiip, in the
midst of whieli, as it Is saiil, some agents of ihi' police
were seen lo be very active, was separated liy a de-
laelinKiilof dragoons. From that niomeiit the car-
riage, turning 1u ihe right, in order lo reach the gene-
ral's residence, was surrounded only by an assenililage
of persons totally nneomiecteil ,vitli the conflict, and
>ueli as on so many oilier occasions had gallicred lo-
ircllier lo escorl the veteran of tho pecqilo's cause.
Some cries of Vtrc la Jiepuhlitjue ! were inter-
mingled with the cries of lire I.afai/ctte ! But it
must not be forgotten that police agents would natu-
rally insinuate llieinselves into that procession, in order
lo give it another character. Besides, it was natural
that those who wished a collision should remain on
the Place de lu Bastille, where t!ic contest had ahcady
commenced. It has been pretended, however, that
Lafiiyette's train attempted to disarm a military post
on its way. The fact is, that some voices having
called out for tho post of La Madeleine lo be put
under arms, tho olfieer on guard deemed il his duty to
wait on the general for his orders, and to ofler him an
escort; which Lafayette declined, showing him at the
same time that he was surrounded by friends, and ad-
vising him to return to his post which he did lo the
great salisfaelion of every one. When they reached
the general's residence, the good people who had ac-
companied him retired peaceably, and without the
least disturbance having occurred during this long
journey, from the Place do la Bastille to the street
d'Anjou Saint-Honore.
Lal'uyette rea(;hed his house at half past six in tho
evening, afllicted at the deplorable issue of a day which
iiiiirht have ended so well. The resislance to the Iroojis
was becoming general, but it wn.s impossible to foresee
yet the eharacter which Ihij iVesh .struggle would as-
sume. I'niil nine o'clock, the most conlradiclory reports
\vi re brouijht him ; but the only certain tiict was that, in
the ini|)etuosily of tl;< ir first impulse, four i.r live )mn-
dred young men, divided into a great many ..-mall pla-
toons, had taken iios.session, in an inslanl, of all tlie posts
established t'roiii the bridge of Auslerlitz lo Ihe Bank of
France. That circnnistanee proves two things, which
explain the issue of those unhappy events ; the first, that
there was no preiiiedilated plot ; for how can the idea bo
admilled, of such a coinbinalion, sup|>orled by so small
a nimiber ' the second, thai if a grealer niimber of citi-
zens had taken |iart in the battle, the result might have
been very difl'erenl. » • «
On the .llli the king liad come from tho palace of
Saint Cloud to the Tuileries, where the council of mi-
nisters was sitliiiy coiislantly, no doubt in cxpeclalioii
of having it announced to them that the obsequies of
Lamari|ne had ended to the salisfai timi of every one.
It was there that all the ini'asuies of suppression were
arranged, and lliilher that the rural battalions cnniu
as they passed, lo temper iheir country courage in Iho
einliraees of royally. Tliern il was likewise that MM.
Sonit and >Sebasliani proposed to place Paris in asluto
of siege, at the time that fortunrr had not yet declared
ill favour of the cabinet of Ihe l^lh of March, and that
Ihe government was really in soino danuor; a proposal
that was indignantly rejected, on the ground lliat a
palernal governniont oiiylil not to place eight hundred
Ihoiisand Frcnehnien out of the pale of the civil law,
and treat its own capital like an enemy's town, oxcept
when there is no longer any Ihiiig lo bo feared.
As soon as Lafayette had entered his house, he be-
came an object of llin most anxious solieitiide. In-
terest and curiosity crowded his door. His friends and
his enemies were tho more eager lo know what had
become of him, as the most cuiilrailielory and sinister
reports wcro circulated about him. Here, it was as-
serted that the insurgcnls had taken and installed him
at the IIolel-d.i-Ville ; there, that his body, pierced
with several bayonet wounds, was borne, bleeding,
through the streets of Paris, by republicans, calling the
people to rcveiigo ; in other places, that the govern-
moiit had arrested liiin, and thruwn him into tlic dun-
geon ofVincennes.
-'■71^
82
I-AFAYETFE AND LoriS IMIIMPPE.
!■•
I:
Nolliin<; of nil lliis \v;ih true. Lnlavtitlp, bcsr.i
abrond, iind no dnnlil nt lioinP, l)y llio senilis iil' nviTv
di'S(Ti|iliiiii lit' poliii', «iis ;il tli.il nil) Ml, 11- on iil
jrroal oi'i'ii^iniis. rjiliii, firin, iiml iir«*();irf(I I'nr rvrry
event. Bi'iii^' pliri'il utioiil his poison, 1 wus riialilcil.
onre affaiii, to oliscrvc tlir l(!i'liii;rs wliiili aiiitaliMJ Ins
mind uiulcr llicsc now and tryin;; (■iiciiiiisliiMri's, His
wliolo soul was absorbed in iirlel'aiid indiL'nalion ; Ins
lieart blod al the siirlit of I'Venrli blood tlowini; at the
hands of KroncliintMi ; It heaved at the lhoiii,'lit llial
the breach of faith and the fatal blindness of the j;o-
vornincnt, had called down thnso fresii calamities, and
armed the combatants and the throne of .Inly airaiiist
each other. But if Lafayette deprecated the faults of
the government, he deplored and censured with equal
severity the serious criminality and imprudent rashness
of the young nion who souj,'ht that redress of grievan-
ces in revolt and violence, for which they should only
liavo looked to lime, the laws, and the regular opera-
lion of llie Chamber and the press.
iMeanwhilo Iho conllict was prolonged, the reports
of the musketry continued, and llie deepest j;rief was
depicted on Lafayette's countenance, lietwcen seven
and eight o'clock several patriots, and a considerable
number of deputies, came snccessively and pressed
around him, to ask him what could or ought lo be
done, lo put an end to the calamities which desolated
the capital, and lo those yet greater evils with which
it was threatened Hut the lime was past when the
patriotism of Lafayette could interpose cH'eclually be-
tween the people and the throno of July, i'or several
months past ho had acquired the painl'ul certainty that
that throno was no longer accessible lo persuasion.
In this stale of things, it was agreed that the oppo-
sition deputies, then at I'aris, should repair in the even-
ing to M. Lallitle's, in order to concert there the mea-
sures lo bo taken for putting a speedy end to the
calamities which that day had brought on. The meet-
ing was verbally appointed for nine o'clock ; but as all
regular means for convoking it were impossible, and as,
besides, events had taken every one from his home,
between twenty and thirty members only could be as-
sembled. They consisted, among others, of M.M.
Lallitte, Cabet, Ijafnyetlc, George Lafayette, iMauguin,
&C.&C. » • * * » .
The debate turned upon the most proper means for
stopping the effusion of blood, and iniliicing the victor
lo make a moderate use of his victory, considering that
he had at least a great share in occasioning the conflict.
Two expedients were projiosed : an address and a de-
putaition to the king. They were each canvassed.
I.al'ayctte agreed to neither the one nor the other ;
first, because he was convinced, ho said, by c.\|)erience,
of their total inutility ; and secondly, because, if every
thing was ut an end, as was alllrnied, it would ill be-
come the national opposition to take such a step after
the event, especially when it was certain that the <loc-
Irinnirr deputies had oi-structed, for several hours past,
all the avenues lo the throne. Lafayette spoke also
with sorrow and with candour of the little success that
had attended his efiorts, at the two greatest periods of
his e.\iftenco, lo solve the problem of a citizen mon-
archy based on the soveieignty of the people.
Without having come lo any decision upon the sub-
ject of the address, the idea was resumed of a depnta-
lion, which should be instructed lo make verbal repre-
sentations lo Louis I'hilippe. Lafayette refused lo
make one in that dcputalion for two reasons, wliirh he
explained without any circumlocution. The first was,
the perfect conviction he was under, from the last con-
versation he had with the king, tiiat the opinions of
that prince on tlio system of governincnt were so fixed,
that persuasion, al least coming I'roin him, would no
longer have any efiect in altering the adopted system ;
Lafayelte's second reason was that, as his presence
must remind the king of either the violation or tlio (br-
getfulness of a solemn engagement, it behoved biin lo
spare his majesty, and even himself, an interview which
bitter recollections would render extremely painful lo
both.
All tlieso proposals, as I said, were more an inter-
change of ideas and talk than a regular deliberation.
'J'ho meeting broke up at midnight, without coining lo
any decision, but it was settled to meet again the next
day at len o'clock, at .^^. Lallilte's. I shall make no
remark on that adjournment to the next day, nt a time
when every moment was costing the life ot a French,
man. I have already said that the genius of IHliU had
fled; and that the greater part of Iho men whose
courage had then surmounted so many dangers, ap-
peared in I'".*JJ to he the mere shadows of thoinseives.
" • Partial niiillicls were ronliniiid to a very l:ite
perind of IIk^ liiiriil ; iillt the slreniilll ul" llie respeelive
I ornli.itanis wa- too (rreullv d.spn.inTtioneil lo render
ii>e issue dniibifiil. 'I'liirly tliiiiis.iiid reL'iilur troops of
:ill deseriptiiiiis, lit'iy lliunsanil natemiil ijuards, and a
I'oriniilabic train of artillery, assenililed under the coin-
inand of a marshal of Franc'c, to subdue seven or eiglit
hundred young men with scarcely any arms, had IVoin
daybreak left no longer any cliauco of success for the
iiisiirreetiou.
.Matters were at this point when, on the 6tli, at len in
llie inorning, the opposition deputies repaired attain lo
M. Lallitle's. There were present, Lafayetie, (Miirge
Lafayelte, Odilon-Harrot, .Mauguin, itc. The sending
of an address and ailepulaiion was still agitated. L'pon
Ihe snbjeclof the Iwoqncslionsoflhe address aiidihe dc.
putalion to the king, Lafayette repeated Ihe arguments
he iiad used on the preceding evening, and then he n'-
lired, as did also si^veral of his colleagues, before any
determination had beim come to. However, the mem-
bers who remained, decided on adopting the idea of
a personal application to tlu! king, and for that purpose
appointed MM. LalTilte, Odilon-Birrot, and AraL'o.
It was four o'clock. Louis I'liilippe had jnst re-
turned from riding through some of the streets of
I'aris. Now, I'reiichinen never remain unmoved al
seeing a king on horseback inhaling the smoke of gun-
powder. The national guard, which had really burnt
some priming, and left some dead bodies on the ground,
was proud of its first triumph; commerce and pro|ierty,
which had looked upon themselves as delivered over
to all the iVenzics of jacobinism, and slill ilrcamcd of
nothing but scatVolds and bounds rnitir,s, were over-
joyed at seeing the spectre of 171)3 vanquished, and
anarchy in fetters. In one word, enthusiasm was on
the side of llio safety of properly ; humanity and liberty
were silent. Therefore, the royal train, taking its
airing lo the expiring reports of the musketry, aiul ap-
pearing as the precursor of a calm in Ihe midst of a
storm which might have overturned every thing, was
received with acclamations. Now those acclamations,
the real cause of which w.ts not considcr.^d, must
naturally have produced a feeling of exultation and
security, little favourable lo the success of the mission
of M.M. Lalfittc, liarrot, and Arago.
These honourable citizens were, however, received
with visible satisfaction by the crowd of aides-de-camp
and olhcers on duly, that filled the saloon of the pal-
ace, and who appeared more grieved at the blood of
their brethren lliat was spilling, than vain of an in-
glorious victory : this justice it is gratifying to rcii('';r
them.
The Ihreo deputies were introduced immediately into
the bed chamber of Louis the XVIIL, converted, by
llie uorkmen of , July, into the study of Louis I'hilippe.
The lalter presently repaired lo It through a door
which communicated with Iho queen's apartments.
The demeanour and countenance of the king were
calm, his address easy, indicating not the slightest
alarm, and expressing none of those anxieties of nund
which circumstances might have juslilied. His Ma-
jesty received the three patriots politely ; ho told ihem
that he was very glad lo see them, that the opposition
could have chosen no mediators more agreeable lo him j
and, after inviting them lo be sealed, and placing him-
self lieforo his writing table, ho signified his readiness
to listen lo them.
M. Odilon-Harrot spoke first ; and ended with en-
treating the king to slop Iho etViision of blood which
was yet flowing, and to silence the cannon, the roar of
which was then resnunding even in his royal residence ;
lobe merciful lo the vaii(|uished, and lo prevent fresh
disturbances, by a prompt and cordial return lo the
principles upon which the ruvululioii had established
the dynasty.
The king auswr^red that, being audaciously attacked
by his enemies, he was jiistifii'd in defending himself;
that it was high lime to curb revolt, and that ho eni-
plnyed cannon only to jmt il down the ijiiirkvr ; Ihat he
iiad, however, rejccleii the proposal which had been
made him of placing the city of I'atis in a state of
siege; that as lo the pretended engagements at the
llotel-de-Ville, and those republican institutions about
which the Opposition made so much noise, ho did not
know what all that meant; that ho had more than fiil-
lilled ihn promises ho had made, and had given Franco
as many and more republican institutions than ho had
promised her; that the prograinmo of the Hotel.de-
Villn had never existed except in the brain of iM. La-
liiyelle, whose incessant demands on that head wrri'
videiilly the effect of some mistake; ihat as to the
ysleiii called llialof Ihe l.llh "f .March, it was wroier
• 1 .iserilie Ihe credit 'jl' il to .^^ I'ener, fur that syslem
w as lliL» king's, it was the effect 'if his own convictions,
ihe result of his own redectinns, and Ihe expression of
his policins of policy and gcverninent ; thai he, Louis-
l'hilip|ic, had consented to lake the crown only on tin-
ondilions indicaled by Ihe developement of that sy<.
loiii, the most conforiiiable to the wisliis and the wans
f France, and from which he would not deviate, ttei'
r rvcii limtjnl in a viorlar, " And now, gentlenien,
added the king, " Ihe point is, nolle utter vague acm
ations, but lo slate prcei.icly iho complaints you ba.i,
to make against llio I'erier system, of which pi ur
I'lrier was assuredly quite innocent. With what liav
have you to charge that system? Let us hear."
M. Arago replied by a rapid and animated statenioi!
of the divisions which were tearing France lo pieces, and
which the policy of the government nourished with an
ilinosl scrupulous care ; \iv. sjioke of hia own fantilv
divided by political opinions ; he cited his brother and
his nephew who were perhaps, al that very momenl,
ready lo lake each other's life in conflicting ranks:
and ill oioer to characteriso Ihe situation of things hj-
an example, he adverted lo the times of the Leagiip,
when D'.Villy, under Henry IV'., slaughtered his own
son in the streets of Paris. M. Arago then spoke n;
all the public employments being given to the partisans
of the fallen regime, the indulgence shown to the Carli.t
machinations, the bitter persecution of the discarded nun
and press of .Inly, and the displeasure inanifcslrd
throughout France, at the apparent impunity enjoyed bv
the Duchess of Berri.
Al these words, Louis Philippe exclaimed that lii<
government had no enemies but llio Carlisls and repub-
licans ; that the prejudices that had been just mcntionoc
to liiin, were only the result of their contrivances; thai
he was accused of avarice, lie, who had never had ant
value for money ; that his best intentions were niisif.
presented, lo such a degree that, for a long time past,
ho could read neither the Triliune nor the National:
that his filthier, icAo was the best citizen of France, hat
been calumniated like himself, and urged to give thi
Revolution a snngninari/ pledge which lie ought lo liavi
refused it; that the exactions of the two rcvolutiom
were alike untenable ; that lie, Louis Philippe, was mi
obstinate, and that ho proved il when, after long resi.'l
ing, he Ind committed the error of giving way to popn
lar tnmnlt, by effacing, from the pediments of his |)s,
lace, and from the armorial bearings of his house, tin
Jleiir-dc-lis, which had, in all times, been borne by liii
family.
As for the representalions relative to the Duchess i
Berri, Louis Philippe declared thai, if that princes'
were arrested, justice should take its course; but tlia:
happen what might, his reign should witness no sangn
nail/ drama. Al that instant, the report of the caniio:
of .Saint .Merry shook the windows of the palace.
On rising, M. LalVille told the king that he retiroi
filled with the greatest grief; that he supplicated him:
compare the cntnusiasm his presence excited formeili
with the elVcct which it now produced; that thai cIiiuil'
allcslcd that something was deeply \yrong ; and that i,
implored his majesty to ask himself whether a kiiiffi
I'raiico, who needs fitly thousand men to guard liiiii. ,
really a king of I'raiice.
8iicli, in suhslancr, was that conversation, which w.
leave dcc)i traces not soon lo be effaced. * *
What is to be concluded from all that has gone t>
fiire' I hasten to declare it. That both sy.stem and iii
nistry bear upon their t'ront the marks of dccomposili":
and the sign of certain death; that Lafayette is still If
highest and purest personification of the revolution
.luly; tliat he has shared all the vicissitudes of libtr;
betrayed; and that he will share her trhimph, when t
fjiisodi' being terminated, the hislnry shall be resunieil
But what is to he Ihe duration of that episode ? Tl,
of a sitiialion, which, by its very nature, is doomed to:
ephemeral. Hest ruction dwells in the tlioughls of I:
Hlh of ,\ngnsl ; lili^ and |)crf'ectibility, in the iimnor.
principle ol'llie Holel-de-Ville.
LkT us await the Jl'DCME.NT OF GoD !
The ensuing immhcr will contain two tales liy t i
author of " The Subaltern" — The Gentle Recruit, «
Saratoga.
<Val<i
nnds on that licad wrrp
niislakc ; llidl lis to lla' .
Ill' .\Iiiri:li, It wa< wroii;;
. I'l^ncr, I'lir lliut syslcin
lI 'jI' liiH iiwii cniivictioi;!!,
15, anil tlio ('X|irission oi
■riinu'iil ; thai lio, F,ouis.
lu tlic crinvii only on tin
■Vflii|ioini'nl of that sy«-
tlio wisln s and the wiui's
; wiiuld not (lovinte, iicr
" And MOW, gonllcnien.
, not to utter vaguG aci ii
thn complaints you li;i.'
syslPin, of wliii:li p' ■■:
iiiccni. With what lim
!ni? Let us hear."
land animated utatenici,!
iring Franco to pieces, and
nnient nourished with an
spoke of hia own family
; lie cited his hrothcr and
ps, at that very moment,
life ill conflicting ranks,
the situation of things by
ho limes of Iho Leagur,
IV., slaughtered llis owi;
IM. Arago then spoke n;
cing given to the parlisniis
(Tcnoo shown to the Carli-i
-ulion of tlie discarded nun
le displeasure manifested
larcnt impunity enjoyed hy
lilippo exclaimed that lii<
but tlio Carlists and repub-
at had been just mentionr.:
of their contrivances', thai
le, who had never had an;
lest intentions were misrc-
that, for a long time pa.«l,
Trihiine nor the National
best cilizai of France, bac
!clf, and urged to give thf
Ipe which iie onght to liavt
Diis of the two rcvolutioni
16, Louis Philippe, was nol
[1 it when, after long resist
rror of giving way to popn-
n the pediments of his |«.
bearings of his house, lli!
1 times, been borno by liii
. relative to the Duchess ,
ired that, if that princes
lake its course ; hut tlia'
In should witness no satigii
[it, the report of the camio;
lulows of the palace.
|tl tlio king that he rctirn
; ihat he supplicated him :
presence excited fornurl'
Iprodiieed; that that clian;
Idccply wrong; and that t
himself wlietlier a kin!;
<aiid men to guard him,:
lal eonversation, which w.
I ho etVnced. • *
fVoni all Ihat has gone l>
] That both system and in
Iho marks of ileeoinposili'i!
1; that Iialiiyette is still tt
Ication of the revolulinn
II the vicissitudes of liber
liare her triumph, when 1'
T history shall he rcsumeil.
|ioii of Ihat episode ? Tli:
lory nature, is doomed to;
I'lls in the thoughts of I:
ectihility, in the iininor.
li'DGMEST OF God !
contain two lalti by t
-The Gentle Recruit, «
wiimBiffi^o ^^mm®^ oim^wm^.^'3^im mimmMww^
rOL. I.
PIIILADELIMIIA, JANIIARY 29, 183a,
XO. 3.
fKiNTrii »»n l'i'«i.i»iiEn uy
AI'AM WAI.DIK, No. 9, North Kioiitii Strekt, I'miuadblpiih— At $rt inr .'.2 niinihiti, pnyiMi' in .ulvaiiri'.
U. A <i. S. WOOU. I'HlNTIIKS AND I'lBMSIllHil, Nbw YilllK,
liiia Ajiiii" null rubliBlierH liir tho stale ol' Nuw Viirk anil all the N.'W Enslanil
PIII'.DNIX N. WOiJU &. (,'0, lln,iK.<ri.i,i-.us Hamtmhiik,
Sole .\^riiti Ibr'llie statun of .Msrylaiiil, VifMinla, and O .in, .Tn.l tln;r.!yt»f New Orle.in*.
TO THE READER.
^It has recently been remarked, that " tlie press is like
fibakcr'a oven, occupied with working off hot rolls for
li|eakfast" Tho allusion is more particularly applicable
Ml the periodical press of this country, where in trutli
•«ttc cliief part of all it does is consumed in the day,
tM it may be that very little is to bo stored up." The
^hor of the " Select Circulating Library" believes he
ky extend this simile in the present instance, and crtn-
thc " Library" to the well concocted loaf, which,
lile it satisfies the appetite, possesses nutritive proper-
ly, at oncj substantial and digestible, invigorating and
disable. He feels induced to make a few remarks rc-
tting the striking difference this periodical presents
n compared with others. He means no invidious
— iparison — each kind has a character of its own, and
satisfactory to believe that in the main all are work-
togothcr for the diffusion of knowledge. The taste
reading, however, has increased even in a greater
Uo than tho immense means in operation for its grati-
ition. For every man who formerly read a book,
)ie are five himdred readers now, and for this incroas-
demond the old process of production and distribu-
has been found entirely inadequate,
[It is a striking remark of one of our most distin-
|ished statesmen, that our mighty rivers, and tho de-
>pement of the riches they were fitted to convey,
ly almost be said to have determined both the time
tho place of the invention of the steamboat ! So in
inting ; " it too may be said to have come at tho bid.
ig m increased curiosity and intelligence." But in
ling a surrey of the immense territorial expanse of
Bse state.", we might ask, what avails a book manufae-
in Philadelphia to a reader of Mississippi ? For all
liable purposes of gratifying a literary tasio by the
Ky receipt of new books, a Mississippian, till the in-
'i*n (for we are decided in calling it an invention) of
mode of circulating entire books, was twice as far
im Philadelphia or New York as we arc from London
Paris — in other words, the delays of land and water
rriage, to say nothing of the folder, stitcher, and hind-
would cft'ectually debar an inhabitant beyond the
ississippi from the receipt of a new book from this city,
tlic lowest calculation, for two montlu ! and in the
me proportion to any intermediate distance. The de-
md for hooks, for which schools and periodicals huve
ved the way, could no longer submit to these delays,
hicli in literature were as vexatious to tho reader, as the
iling and warping system of transportation from New
rieans was to the merchant of Louisville or St. Louis.
the bidding of increased curiosity and intelligence,
! present mode of publication has been devised, some
the advantages of which it is our present purpose to
vcstigatc.
One of the grcai objects to which the " Library" as-
rea, is to furnish good books to the body of intelligent
id industrious population, " to bo received at tijcir
>mcs, «nd read for instruction and recreation in their
)urs of leisure. To pour the stream of knowledge
|to tho little channels which lead to every firoside, and
insinuating a tasto for what some ono has called
10 most innocont and lasting of our pleasures,' to im-
rt a new charm and a new attraction to that congrcga-
m of sccuru and blossod enjoyments which vi'c call
)ME."
I The same distinguished individual from whom wc
NEW SKRIES — >i
have ojrcady quoted, when speaking of the Library Com.
|)any of Philadelphia, remvks ;• — " yet witii all the ad-
ditional sources of supply, Franklin's Library has now
upwards of eight hundred shareholders — supposing each
of the shareholders at all times t;) have out a volume,
and to keep it two weeks, it will bo perceived that he
will have tho reading of twenty-si.t volumes in the
courso of tho year. The advantage, however, is not
limited to the sharcholdors. There may be two or three
in each family who read tho books taken from the Li-
brary, thus extending its direct uso to more than two
thousand persons. And certainly nothing can be cheaper.
The cost to a shareholder, allowing interest upon the
capital invested in a share, is six dollars and forty cents
a year ; so that for less than two cents a day, a man and
his family may be constantly Fupplicd with books. * •
There is not the smallest doubt that such a library must
have had, and must continue to have, a powerful influ-
ence upon the character of the city, and have acted
effectively in promoting the diffusion of knowledge."
Following out this idea in relation to tho present pub-
lication, it will not be deemed irrelevant to make the
same calculation respecting tho " Select Circulating
Library," which for a coil and a half a day, postage
included, will supply a duodecimo book every week
to a man and his family, uii<A thi$ additional fea-
ture, that, though he may not have access to the same
variety, yet when ho and his children have read it, it is his
ow.N, and may bo sent to another family, or sold at the
completion of each volume, for what it cost ; even proba-
bly for more. The number now printed amounts to six
tlrousand, so tliat when these are all taken by subscribers,
tho direct use of the edition, on the same calculation, will
be extended to eighteen thousand individuals! If our
selections are vs'ell chosen, conveying information while
they serve for recreation, may wo not hope for a portion
of such patronage as has been extended to the publica.
lions of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge,
who have recently announced that of several " parts" or
numbers of the " Library of Useful Knowledge," the
sale has exceeded fourteen thousand, and of their
" Peimy Magazine" tliey state " its sale amounts at pre-
sent to one hundred and thirty thousand copies per num-
ber, and its circulation is still extending?"
" Knowledge is diffused," continues the same grntle-
maii, " through tho body of society to an extent hithorto
unexampled, and tliis diffusion is increasing with a ra-
pidity continually accelerated." We claim to be the
pioneers of its still further increased diffusion in Ame-
rica, and our press we hope may yet be likened to " a
baker'.a oven, occupied with working off not only rolls
lor the hreakfasl" of Uic reader, but of loaves, tho chief
part of which will not, like the mamia in the wilderness,
be corrupted by tlio light of day, but of which much " is
to be stored up" for future use.
Actual experiment on our part has re]ieatcdly tested
the difference between the price of a book in the usual
form and in this. In one instance we Airnishod a vo-
lume entire to subscribers for tu-enty eentt ; which cost
in London fix dollars ; and in another for forty cents.
We printed these aiVerwards in book size — the first is
sold at.fifly cents, and the wholesale price of the other is
one dollar. Thus wo. furnish formic dollars what costs
it even the lowest .Vintricaii price, ticelic duUnrt and a
hiilf, and we supply it immediately, ai^d siinultanoously
to all tlic stato.". With our prcsi'iit arrangcmoiits wu
can put a hook in eircubtion in five or .«ix weeks allcr
it is issiKil in London. What con.-ititutes \\\\* dilforence
in price ? The answer wo arc prepared to (;ivo, Tho
cost of nnr^fiii in books is a cimsider.nhlo ilciii, which is
principally saved by us — tin; cost of tlie pre.^a work too,
is trebled by spre^iilinjf types over a lartje surface — tlio
binding also, is an expensive item ; and the interest and
transportatimi fully malje up the ditlerencc we have
.stated above. But are these uU the advanUiges ? At
the conclusion of each half year, the " Library" will
form a volume of rclercncc exceeding IIG pages, in a com-
pact form, containing from fifteen to twenty scp.irate
and complete works, the cost of binding all of which
will very little exceed that of binding one of the various
publications of which it will consist.
The editor ackiio'.\ kdjes the attonlioii of numerous
correspondents from almost every state in the Union, in
their various suggeations as to the future books which
shall occupy these pages. With every disposition to re-
spect and profit by the remarks he has been favoured
with by friends and strangers, he finds it impossible to
gratify individual wishes when they clash with the plan
he has marked out, to wliieh he has devoted much
tuno, and which will continue to claim his unremitted
attention. That plan was fully stated in the original
prospectus, and from it he has not found any occasion
to deviate ; it wa.', to publisli the newest ond best books
in tho variou.i departments of .Vo»eZ», Memoirt, Talm,
Travelf, Sketches, Bingrnphy, Sfe. — in short tho whole
range of popular litoi-ature. The editor will not, how-
ever, sacrifice at the shrine of mere novelty in any of
these departments; when a ntu> book docs not offer of
tho required eharoctcr, he will extend his research
among the numerous v.orks which he hos already with-
in his reach, besides what may be afforded by his regu-
lar importations from Europ* ; keeping in view to eater
for his readers works which have not, by the number of
reprints, become familiar to the majority. This field is
so ample that he hopes to furnish as good matter at
least, as is issued from other presses — that it will rarely
be the same as htm bt^cn previously sold by American
booksellers, he veiilures to believe will prove o decidedly
valuable feature in the " Circulating Library," in which
the editions are now so large as to make it imjierativc
on him to use duo diligence in furnishing good and
wholesome aliment.
In conclusion, vvc must ask from our reader.^ some in-
dulgence, if, in the prosecution of a task not without its
difficultien, the t-ostcs of all are not gratified, in every in-
stance, by our selections — hoping, from our increased
facilities and resources, srenciuUy to suit every palate.
Philadelphia Library Rooms, Jan. 28/A, 1833.
* An aildrets dellvorrd st llio request of iko .Appmtices' Library
Company ofrhllailclphlSi in Hovcmbvr 163^, by John Skruiiant,
Uh. D., Pruaidentof the Instiimloii.
»j,* The ptiblisher respectfully suggests to his present
numerous subscribers who have thus fiir been pleased
with the " Iiibrary," that a good word spoken seasonably
to their friends might materially aid tho interests of
the work, and increare the circulation to an extent
which will enable him to add every additional valuable
feature to tho publication which time and experience may
suggest. The first thirteen numbers arc entirely ex-
hausted, but a neio s«i if J, No. 1. was commenced with
Sarrans' Memoirs, from which new subsciibcrs may de-
ix!nd on being supplied. The works contemplated to
be published arc numerous, and of the highest literary
character. For the flattering encouragement given to
the publication he returns his unfeigned acknowledgments.
31
Tin; (;rntle iiEfRriT.
. »r
P.V TIIF
AI!TIIOR or « Till'; SrHVI/rFRN."
IFp flint ((Mllives ittis iliiv. niid r(Hn''^ ^nfi' linrnc,
Will fil.liitl nil liiiloi: v\ lii'ii llii^ ilii\ is iiHiiK'il :
Olil MiPii lnrai'l»c yrr iill -hnli ll" HiVl'!'!,
Itiu ti<> II iriiii'iiilii-i Willi ;i<tv.'niln^i-.4
WliallVaisli.' il:il ihat il.i\. -KiMi IIlkiu V.
INTIiODICTIOX.
Mr. Oloifr, now the Rov. (r. 1{. (Jlrijr, niitlior of tlir
" Hifllory ol' tlir Hililc," iiiiil of " Uritisli liiiliu," &<'. in
tlic Family Iiiliiaiy, !■< trincrally iimli-rstiMKl to liavc
written " Tlie Siib.illi'in," iini|iK'sliiiiiulily llii' iiiosi [ki-
pular military iianstivo ol' llir jircsriit <lay. Il led tlir
way ill sliowiiiir }i,<\v iiiililnry n|H'ralioiis iiiiijlil Iw Inld,
no an at tliu laiiic tiiiK' to sali-l'y tlic praiiiial solilier,
Hiid to interest t lie iirolV'ssiuiial rradi'r. Nu man {KTliaps
pvci rxliiliitcd a ln|i|iirr tiilent tor di"srribiii;f wliat lir
liad soni — a talent in ilKcIf ol' no mean valiir, nor ol'
Tury common occurri'iicr. It iircd s<arcrly be add<'d llial
llic prcsPiit narratives are purely tiitilious, an reirard.-
tlu.' author's (MTSimal eo.o|rratioii in the Iraiisaetiiiiis.
The atoripH are snp|ios(-^ to he told liy a lioily of retir<'d
military men, who live toirrther in an eslahlishmeiit or
I'olinilary association, while of <:lmr^e they nre jjlad to
•ce and entertain visiters. On the oeeuFion of a ramble
to tJieir neijrhhonrhood, the author im'tts one of tlw; otli-
ccrs, while ciijoyiii); tlic Hmnsenient of tly-livhiiif^, is
invited home, and represents himself as haviiit; heani Uie
stories ul the table tif these soeiable and eoiiiiniiiiie;itivr
veterans. The President r;illed on a junior iiiriiilier for
a narrative, and .W.y'ur Vltiikull, al'ler duly a|s)lo(risinf;
for bis want of talent, liejran the I'ollouinjr story ot
" Tlie Gentle licrriiiL" — /.'(/.
CHAPTKIl I.
I think it was somewhere nhmit the middle of .lamiary
1811), when the leL'imi iit meiipied the bariaeks iit
Draehurn liees, that the seru-eaiil <il' llie day made his
up|K>arnnce oni^ morning; in my ipiiibrs, to aimoimei
that a yonnji man w.is wailiii:,' in the onlcrly room for
• he piir|Mise of heinjj enlisted. As I li.i|i{ii'iied at the
moment to lio in temporary eommind ot' the battalion.
Mild knew that it was kept iit homennly lilt its establi. h-
jnent shonid be eoiiipliie, you will ri adily b< lie\i that I
received this eommnnieatioM with ennaiderabli' ^atisl'ae-
lion, whieh was the niore lively lieeause of the serjri'ant's
reiter.tlu) assnranees, thai to the pi ison and ipiaJiliea-
tiona of the recruit no objrelion wmdil be oil! red.
" He is ns clever a l.ul," s.iid tht onlirly, " as evir
placed himself under the kind's .staiidaiil, — tall, eriet,
well built, ami ipiiti' ;,'entfel, — indeed lie hsiks us if he
liad lieen drilled it year or so already ; and will, unless
iip|icaraiie<« be very diceitful, mukuan e\lronit.'ly miiart
roldiei."
'i'hnr was iniieli of promise in this description, and I
knew him that u.ivu it too well, to ipii'slion its vurisimi-
(itiidc ; so I hurried olV in the firin eon\ietioii that a
prize was u itiiiii my i;rasp, iind ipiite picpireil to re-
ceive, nlinost without examiiiatiun, this aspirant aOi r
military distinction into tlie ranks.
That the sorceanl had not overrated the |K'rsoiial ipmli.
liet of the Volunteer, a sinifle (rianee sull'iced to convince
me. When I entered the orderly room, I behelil liefore me
a youth, apparently not more tha' i^rhieen or nineteen
yearn of aife, whii'^' appeuranee, niamier, and (.oniral
addrcM, dilVered totally from those of the class of |Hr-
tains from ainonir whom the rank* of our iirmv are
usually tilled up. lliu featilics were not merely regular,
but Hurpussiiiirly Is'iiiilifiil; his tiuiire tall nnd slender,
liiil ottnitrably pro|)<irlioncil, seemed a very model of
(fracn and manly eb>Knn<v, and his air wita that of a (ht.
coll lu'custiimeil to mix In (he iMst aneietv, if not ai a
niiiirrior, at all evenlii ai nn eipiiil. ilia dress, tmi,
thoiiKh inaiiifeslly a dls(riiise, U'traycil here and (here
thus* IritliiiK adcMtioiis (o nvulniss, uf which (he com.
inon (Koplc seldom dream. .\ shahby frock coat, for
■ tuniple, wat butliineil over n (hirt made of (ho linest
Inn n, and c\cccilin;ily while; a pair of kid ijloves eoviT.
ed liis small delicate hands ; and his boots were thin,
liirht, and well made, — like those worn, not liy afrrieul-
tiiral labourers or journeymen artisans, but by sjentle-
mcn : — It was iin|iossiblc, indeed, to examine his entire
IxMrinir without coming at once to the conclusion, that
he had seen better days, and tliat to the step which he
was alioiit to take, he was impelled by cirounistimccs ot"
no eoninion uryeiiey. • '
This eonvielion no sooner* flashed across my mind,
than the eaiienicss witli which I had resolved to accept
of the protl'ir of his .services vanished. It scenu'd to
me, that pos>ilily the youth niijrht have fled from school
or collc;;e in dis^xnisi' ; tiiat his friends or jjuardians
mi;;"lil, ;;l this very moment, Ih' makinir a scari^h allcr
him ; and hence, that toindulire hiswhim miirht involve not
himsetfoiily, but olliers, in taslinn- misery. I aecordinir-
ly dclermined to enipiire a little into his circumstances,
picvioHsto my cvaminaliiin of hin\ as a recruit; and
Islii vin^r that be would Is' more <'asily ]iersuaded to
sisak out Hcrr there no third parly present at the con
lerenec, 1 ordered the scrjicant to withdraw.
It very soon ap|>i'arc(l, that for such a proceeding on
my part the youn^' man had not Ih'cu unprepared. He
sMiiled hillerly as the sergeant closed the door, and
drawinjr himself up to his t'ull heiirht, stood like one
II ally to answer no more interrojratories than his own
{ud;.riiieiit niiirht dielatc. Nor did tlie altitude belie his
lH'lia\iour: to all my ipicstions, as to whence he came,
where he was iHirii, who were his connections, why lie
had chos( n the life of a soldier, &.e. he replied in one
strain, and in one only ; in other words, he cither save
no answer at nil. <ir his .inswer was entirely without
point. It was of little conse(pience to any one, he sni.l,
who 111' was ; he came from a remote comity, and was
not di.-reputably connected ; hut where that county lay,
or who those coniicetions were, he declined to state ; in
a word, events over which he possessed no enntrid, had
rendered him an alien to his family, — he was a solitary
bciii;; on the lace ot the earth, and he had dcterniiiied to
enlisi, lieiause he knew no other means of carniiifr n
subsislencc ; at all events, none which his fceliii^rs would
IH'riiiit him to adopt.
(In my coiitiiiiiiny to press upon him the necessity of
mature ilcliln'ration, Is'tore he took a step so deeideil and
irr< coveralde; he replicil liriiily, but without any thinjfof
insolence in his tone, (hat his mind had loiifr Ih'cii maili
up, and that if I refused to receive him, he ninsl proceed
to the next military station, where he made little doubt
that the ollieer would prove loss scrupulous. Finding him
ill this frame of mind, and sceinj; that the die was cast,
1 no longer objected to comply with his wishes; I gave
him the shilling — he was examined by the surgeon, and
Is iiig swoiii ill, he took bis place on the left flank of the
line, under the iiaiili^ of .lohn .laekson.
You will readily iH-lieve that the jM-eiiliarity of the
ein iiiiistaiices under which this young man entered the
enrp^, rendered biin at once an object of no common
interi ^\ among all classes. That ho was well born, had
received a libi ral edueation, and was in many respects
ill adapted to the station into which he had thrust himsclt',
no one could t'or a mouienl doubt; iiidied the whole
tenor of bis ecmduct was mch as to force the eonvietion
of (liese truths even n|Hin the most inerednlous. It is
true, that in all matters of drill and duly liewasocceding-
Ivalleiitivi' ; that on parade the most |H'nelratingeye could
ileli it no blot ill his ap|s>inliiients, nor awknaidncss in
his positions; and that lie executed his morements not
merciv with alertness, but, as il si'emed, with enlhusias-
lic alacrity. In like iiianiicr, his deportment towards
his sn|H riurs was uniformly correct, Dvcry iiiark uf
ill fercnec to whii b their rank entitled them, he s'crnpu-
loush' Is'stowi-d ; nor was il [Missible t'ur the most t'asli'
dioiis. in this ct at least, to find fault with him ;
vet llure was oi, .dl such occasions an air of leservv or
/iiii/^ III iilxiut him, of which he wna cither wholly iin-
eoii'cii iis, or w liieh he attempled nut to suppress. In
touching liis cap to an otlicer for example, or in address,
ing a sergeant on some |H>int of duty, .l.icksoii always
eontriveil to make the individual saluted aware, that tfi>'
salute was granted, not to his |N'rson, but to his olliee ;
whilst ofthat readiness to ingrntiale himself into the good
graces of (hose set over him, w liich in most eases distill-
guislii s the young soldier, he wastotally wanting. So far,
indeed, wiis hi' from courting nntie«', that he ledidoiisly
Hhuniied it, never voluntarily coming in (he way even of
bis coniiuaniling oiriccr, lest he might lie rei|uired to
pi rloriii some ofllec, or execute some eonilliissioii, not
strictly wflhin (he line of niilKary duty.
If such was the line uf .laekkon's condiiet towanlo liis
su|H'rinrs, yon w ill not lie surprised to learn, that among
his fellow privatin he nppeaiid still moje reserved and
more haiiglity. Of rudeness or o]ien incivility, in tliu
strict sense of those terms, it is true that he could iiol
I'airly lie aeciised; that is to say, he readily answrnil
the salutations of siieb as spoke to him, and never n-
fused to do to any an act of kindness as often as an op.
portunity otVcrcd ; but he shunned the society of his fil.
low soldiers generally, as far as it was practicable so to
do, and made a friend and associate of none. Numerous
ami frequent were the advances made to him withoui
efl'cet, not only among the private soldiers, but arnorif
the non-coinmissioncd ofliccrs. The pay-sergi^ant of hi>i
company ofl'cred to share bis quarters with him ; Jack,
son thanked him t'or the ofl'cr, but declined it: — even tlic
sergeant-major so far lorgot the dignity of his station,
as to throw out hints of his desire to cultivate the ro.
eruit's aci|uainlance. .laekson took care not openly or
eontcmptnously to spurn the pro|K)Scd intimacy, but lie
avoided it.
In this manner, though one of a body of eight hnii.
drcd men, he lived akine. Ills walks, when he took any,
were by lonely paths and unfrequented lanes. He nevir
enti'red the town except on duty; indeed he generally con-
lined himself to the barrack yard, or to the Hcldsimmcdi.
ately adjoining. On iiooccasioii was he known to take pan
in the sisirts or games |mrsucd by his comrades. Thonirli
fleit as a reindeer, races were run day after day with,
out his standing forward as a candidate for the prizo ;
the racket court and cricket field were equally neglcii.
ed ; and of the canteen, il was said that ho never beheld
the interior except once, wheB, being on guard, lie form,
ed one of a party sent to clear it. In short, ho continiinl
to Ih^ what he said he was when he first came amon^ m.
— a solitary iK'ing, holding no intercourse, nor eneourni;.
ing any commmiity of licling with those abot'^ him.
Kv< ry one who knows of what materials the gencrj.
lity of Rritish regiments are composed, will understand,
that a character such as 1 have just deserilied is not very
likely to he a favourite in his corps. The ^irivatcs, sc
ing all their elforts to insinuate themselves into his gomi
graces fail, soon began to entertain lor Jackson an ex-
treme aversion. Tlie idea that he was by birth a gen
tienian, which had operated lor a short tune in his l»
vour, was now entertained as an adequate reason why
he should be made the subject of personal hnstiUty ; and
the nickname of " ficntlc .laekson," which haiilit firil
been Is-slowed upon him in pity, was soon eniploybd ai
an epithet of derision. Kiide jokes wcrepractised at li^
expense. His privacy was wantonly and continually
broken In u|)on ; his air, manner of walking, and forn,
of s|M'ecli were miinickcd, and (he most ribalil conversi-
lion was invariably broaelicd as often as he came witliiii
hearing. I'lvcn the non-coinmissioned ofliccrs were iin
backward in their i iVorts to annoy, — or, as they eliopi
to term it, to hunible the pride of this flue gentleman.
When il came to .laekson's turn to cook the dinners, oi
sweep out (he room, the greatest exactness was required
and the most minute failing rigorously rebuked ; wliilfi
on more than one occasion, tasks were imposed upon
him, such as he was not called upon by his routine of
iluly to perform. All (his the young gentleman lion
"iili extraordinary ei|uaiiimity and endurance. Of tin
rude s|H'ecbcs of his comrades he took no notice. Wlini
he saw himself dogged or watched, he would retire t
his quarters; and (lie attempts at niimiekry in whir*
those alsiut him indulged, he either did not understand
or he despised (hem. So it was in his dealings with tin
non-eonmiissloncd ofliccrs. He perliirmcd his task'
with so much diligence, .iiid was always so exact, (lia;
(he opportuiiities presented (o them of venting thin
spleen were rare; and when they did vent it in oaths w
execrations, be made as if he iicaril them not. (hut
and only oiiie, he ventured to rcmoiistiate against tin
iiijnsliei' of (heir proceedings. Having Xwrn ordered m
liiligue, when the iluty to bu discharged liap|)ened to In
|seuliarly disgusting, he reniindcd the sergeant win
gave the order, that he had taken his turn only (he ilai
iK'tiirc, and that, (hough he certainly would not refuse i
do as he was d sired, the |H'tty tyrant might rely u|nii
a »tatemcut of the ciisc *«'ing laid iM'forc (he eominninl '
ing otlicer. Jackson's (hreal was no( (lirowii away n|ii»
the iiidiiidual to whom i( was addressed. The yoiiin'
man escaped an ofllec of which he could no( think with
out loalhliigi bill he made ."^rgeniit Tompkins IVoin tlm
tiiiio forth his iinplacablu enemy.
I am sorry (o say that it is not among tlio privotn
and non.i'ommissloncd ofl'iccrs only, that a gcntlemnii i>
the ranks is apt to Is- regarded with an eye of disfavum
The habits of military ilisciprmc are for fVom lieing n
accordance with the turn of mind which leads n ninnv
aiithorily to look with forlsarsnce upon the aliscncc i
s<r\ilitv ill Ills inliiiors; iniliid, where there is notvi
X:
II
THE (iRNTLE RECRTTIT.
35
r oi>rn incivility, iu tlin
true tlmt lie could not
I', lie rcnilily nnswrrdi
to liliii, and never r<-
dncBK nn often an nn o|)-
d the society of lii» iel-
it was praetienblc so to
iate of none. NHniern\ia
made to liiiii witlioul
lie soldiers, but nmoni:
The pay-serpeiint of lii»
iiarters with him ; .taek.
ut declined it : — even the
V. dignity of his station,
sire to cultivnte the ro.
took care not openly or
r<i|>osed intimacy, but he
of a body of eight huu-
walks, when he look any,
i|uented lanes. He never
; indeed he generally con-
il, or to the fields immcili.
was he known totakcpiirt
liy his comrades, 'rhoiiu'li
fun day after day with,
candidate for the prize;
eld were equally negleil.
said that he never beheld
iH'iiig on guard, he form,
it. In short, he conliniuil
n he first came among u»,
intercourse, nor encourog.
with those aboe'. him.
hat materials the gener.1
lomposed, will understniiii,
• justdescrilH'd is not vtry
corps. The (irivates, K<-
e themselves into his good
irtain for Jackson an e\
t hi) was by birlli a pcii
r a short timu in his I*
s nn adciiunic reason wliv
of personal hostiUjy ; niid
ad ul li
tv, was soon emplo^'d at
kson," which hndal lini
Uty,— absolute, unmitigated servility, — in the general
Aimer of a private .soldier, soiiie reason, tin' rever.se of
toiiralilc to the person aft'ectid, rarely fails to !«• diseo-
ked. The soldier who is not ready to tly at the iieck
[his officer — who apjiears not to covet the lionour of
tviiig liim in any c.ipaeity and under any eireuni-
jinres, may loo often lay his aceoimt with Iniiig put
■wn as a s ilky and ill-conditioned scoundrel ; and bow-
er meritorious his conduct may Ik; in inatteis piirely
pfessional, that will hardly make amends for a fault,
t which tho [lersqnal vanity of a superior is wounded.
• be it from me to insinuate tli.it this is always the
! ; I only atfirm that it occurs too frei|uen1ly, iiiid that
,1 almost unavoidably r)ccasioned by thi' nature of tlio.sc
finctioiis which military discipline engenders, lie this
Urcver as it may, one thing is quite certain, that in the
fMpc of Jackson, ibis disposition began gradually to show
ij^lf; and that of those who either did t'eel, or preteiidi'd
wl for his situation when he enlisted, several, before
fiist month of his service expired, viewed him with
usU'.
or An extremely saucy follow, that gentle recruit of
OTTs," said one. " He will go a mile out of his way at
MHr time to avoid saluting an olHeer ; and when he can-
^It escape tliat degradation, one might fancy that he was
lipeiving a mark of recognition from a superior."
t|"Thc scoundrel looks always as if he considered him.
If made of dilfercnt clay from those about him," saiil
other. "What business lio^ such a fine gentleiuan in
I ranks I"
j" I am continually receiving comiilaints of his ill.lm-
pur and pride," remarked the adjutant ; " but the tillnw
I clean and orderly soldier too ; and though they speak
linst him often enough in general terms, no oin' serins
I or willing to condescend upon particulars."
rhuB were men's minds griidiially alienated from a
llth, to whose charge, as the adjutant justly saiil, no
Inite accusation could be laid ; till at last there a|ipear-
iBoiiiething like a positive wish to catch the otfensive
lividual tripping. Jackson, however, a|)|M-ared noi
Iro proud than cautious. He was scrupulously ntteii-
I to every duty ; nor was it till after his patience lind
1 tried beyond the power of human endurance, that
shadow of an accusation could he brought against
jokes werepracti.H'd at lib
[vantnnly and continuullv
flier of "walking, and forn,
1 the most ribalil convcrst-
Is often as he came witliiii
lissioned otlieers were iv,\
nnoy,— or, as they ehiiK
• of" this fine gentlem«ii,
■n to cook the dinners, oi
I'st exactness was requirod
gorously rebuked ; wliiln
lisks were imposed upun
d upon by his routine n'
Voung gentleman bon
and endurance, t 'f lli'
he took no notice. Wlini
iched, he would retire t.
H nt niimiekry in wliiifc
I'ither did not "underHlniiil
|s in his dealings with lli.
le pertlirmed his lasli'
as iilwnys so exact, tlia;
I them of venting tlini
V did vciit it ill oulhs w
heard them not. Ona
remonstiale against tin
Having been ordered m
Iseharged lmp|M'ned to l»
|iniled the sergeant win
■n his turn only the dm
linly wiinld not refuse |.
tvriliil might rely u|«'i
lid iM'fore the eoiiiniiiinl
L not thrown away U|im
addressed. The yoni'l
Ihe ennlil not think wllli
nut Tompkins IVom tlm
I not *monK ll'" pf'val*
Inly, that a gciillemuM ii
\itli all eye of disfavniu
are for ftom iM'iiig i>
lid which leads n ninau
u|Hiii Ihe alwi'iiee i
ll, wherulliefO is not "i
("HAl'TKU H.
[ have said that Jackson, by venljiriiig to remonstrate
)insl an unjust exercise of (lower on the part ol'a ser-
nt, incurred thi; fullestexteiit of that inrsou's iiiiplaca-
Jiostility. It unfortunately hap|icned that Sergeant
jipkiiis, the irritated olIieialjIh'aB puy-sergeant of the
■puny to ivliieh Jackson belongeil; and of the inllu-
I which the pay-sergeant |H>ssesses with the captain
btlicer iu coiiimaiid, all who know any thing of the
loins of the service must be aware. The whole of
inllueiiee was, on tin; present oieasiou, exiitiil to
brcss Jacksuii'M captain with an nutavoiirahli' opinion
he recruit A thousand groundless eoinplainls were
jlc of him, as that he was mutinous, ilisiirderly, unso.
|, and im|M!rlinent ; hii was represented as an artful
dangerous liy|Hicrilo — one who tisik every oppor-
iity of |Kiisoiiing tho minds of his comrades, at the
ji«' time that he aft'eeted to kfep aloof from them — and
[whiiin no gootl emild possibly lie exp'iled, till his
Hid spirit should have Imhii thoroughly broken. Cap.
Fletcher, the indiviihial to whom these reports wen
ried, chanced to Is'long to that class of |H<rsiinR whiiiu
liv« already represented as acknowledging no toleranei
I any thing like nn indrpemlent spirit in nn iiilirior
I it was, iiidi;ed, who fust tisik notice of the slilV and
hinl inunner in which Jueksoii saluted, — n matter
Ich he dwell on with the greater hitterneis, in eonse.
■nee of a iNrsonal slight which he Islieved himself to
^e siilVereil at the hands of the young soliliir. Having
pleased with tliu eleaiilimss niiil orderly liehaviiuir
llhe recruit on duly, Captiiiii I'leteher hnii eommuni-
'd to Jackson his desire to employ hini ns a servant,
king the eoinmimiealiim with tlu' eomlesesiidiiig nir
I *ii|H'rior, who colliers some prodigious beiielil upon
r|iendi-nl. To his extreme surprise and iiidignntion,
■kson deeliiied tho propimed palronage, In a manner
tell left no doubt on the enptniii's mind, that he hail
Itbe olTer not as an honour, hut as aii insult, ('u)ilaiii
lelier could not forget that eirciimslaiiee ; it ranklod
uis mind like a eunker in n wounded limb, and hi
reely Itxik the Iroiilile to disguise his vehrmenl ileHJre
Riidiiig H lilting opimrtuiiity to chasllse the :•• luilrel
Ibis iiisolener,
It i" linrdly iieees««iy to say llinl Jiiekson, thus situ
iiled, soon began to li;el that in eiiilir.uiiig the Imiioiira-
bli; piofession ol'arms as a private siiiliiiil, lie had corii-
iiiillnl a great and fatal error, lie was .•-till the iieah .-I
and most iiilelligcn', soldier iipnii parailr, yet tile iiioni-
ing and rveiiiiig never passed willioiil his being e(iiii|ii I-
leil lo siiliiiiit to reproaches wliieli lie was eoii>eioiis lliiit
lie did mil iiieril, whilst his luiurs in (|iiarli rs hei aiiie,
Infore long, such as even lie, palieiil as lie was, ecuilil
with dilliciilty eiiihire. Hillieilo the allaeks imiiie upon
liiiii were iiieiely those of speech and gesture ; now, bow-
ever, that he w.is known to liuldameaii place in his enp-
luiii's favour, practical jokes were iiicliili;i'd in : Ids iie-
eoiitreiiieiits were no sooner cleaned, and placed in order
for inspeelion, than some aceideiil or other Ik fill tlieiii ;
and he was compe'led to go tliroiigb the whole iiroeess
of ])i|)e clay and black ball ovi'r and over again. Tliis
occurred repeatedly, without his being able to fix the
blame U|Kin any individual; and he knew the temper ol'
those about him too well to complain of all or any in ge-
neral teriiis. Ilul nn opportmiily presiiileil itself at last
of bringing the matter home to the guilty, and Jaeksmi
only failed in taking adeipiate iidvaiilage ol'il, through a
sudden impulse of passinn, whi<'li he had uiiiple re,l^nn
afterwards to lament. Jaek.ioii, who had been orilereil
tiir guard over night, paid, as is cnsloinaiy, more than
usual atteiilion to the furbishing of liis aeeoiilroiiieiils :
bis liells were while as tin; drilVeil snow, liis^iieast-|ilate
shone like tlie sun at noon-day, and Day hiiiisi If, even
thniigli assisted by his partner .Martin, would have lliilid
in adding any thing lo the glossy blaekiuss of his pouch
and slims, livery butlon on his jacket reei ived ils liill
portion of scrubbing, and pack, great-eoaf, cap, and ha-
versack, had I'ach been duly atteiuled to.
This iloiie, the young man placed tlieni all in their
proper silii'ilioiis, and strolled out into llie liehl bei'ind
the barrack yard, liir the piirpi se of wliiliiig iiw.iy Ilie
time till tattoo. Whetlur lie had overheard some plot
among his comrades, or snspeeted from other causes tlial
there was a disposition to do liiiii wrong, I eanimt sity ;
h;il he had not sat many iiiinntcs in his t'.ivoiirite corner,
before hi; ex|M'rien(:ed nil irrisistilile inelinalion lo ii'-
liirn. lie obeyed il, and entering the barrack room, In -
held a spectacle which stirred up his eholer Is'yond the
control of reason. Vive or six persons, Hinong whom
Sergeant Tompkins stood conspicuous, were in the act
of ilfaeing I'Very trace of his evening's indnslry. His
belts were already stained with grease spots, his poneli
was diinnied and delileil. and his llreloeh itsi If had not
cscapeil the pollnling touch of these iiiisen ants, .lai li-
son's temper, which had stood many previous trials, gave
way at last. He sprung llirward, and eonlVonling the
surgeant, wliili.' iu tlie act ot* pnlting a fini>.iruig hand to
his unworthy o|icrations, struck him to llie gronnd willi
one blow of his list. All was now confusion and uproar.
Tlu; sergeant rising tVoiii Ihe floor, called upon tlio.M' near
to assist in arresting n criminal, who, by lliis act of iles-
[N'rati mutiny, had iiieurred the si vere.^t penalties of
martial law ; whilst Jackson, worki'd up to a pilch ol'ali-
sohile fren/y, dared any inan to lay upon liiin so iniieli
as a finger. I'or a moineni, the soldiers hiiiig back,-'
lor ItitM'e were a wilduess ami desperation iu the young
man's rye, which bespoke him iiflerly reckless of eon.«e.
ipieneos; but it was only for a inoinenl. They nisliid
ill upon him — he made a grasp nf his bayonet, but I'ailid
in seeiirini: il ; and tlieu, after a fruitless struggle, n hieli
lasted scarcely a sei unil, lie was borne lo the e'rtli. In
the mean while news renelied llie mess. room that iheri
was n tinniill in the men's aparlnieiil. The captain ol'
Ihe day, as fortune would have it no oilier than Khlelier,
rushed to the spot, where he arrived just ns the men ol
his company had secured the hands of Jackson, nnd weri'
preparing to drng him Istiire Ihe eoinniMiiding ollieer.
"('iiptain Kbleher," exelaiineil the despiralo man,
speaking with grrat rnpidily, and under the inllueiiee ol
violent exeilement, " I demand justice even from you.
I.oiik here, sir! Is il thus tliiit I ought to hIiiiiiI, pinion.
I'd — hound — a prisoner I Is this thi' consnmnmtion ol'
so niaiiy iiisulls niid wrongs — insults wliieh I hnvo borne,
(Jod knows how patiently — wrongs which I could not
Is ar, yet feel myself a man ^ I know that yon and I
entertain no love for one anollier — I know that I have
received no marks ol'fiivour at your bauds, nor you any
priMildf cxtrnordiunrv respi'et from me : but if yon be n
gentleman, if you I'eel like a giiitli man — nay, iiay, if you
feel like n man, order tlicKe thoiii'S to Is' removed. 1 nvk
no more than this. Iiot me he free, tliut is all, and leave
the rest lo myself."
Kven I'leteher was visibly struck by llio riier(fy of llie
young mnn's manner, iiinl with h degree of eonsiileralion
hnrdly to Is' e x|>reled iVoni him, desired to Im' mad,' ac-
qiliunleil w lib Ihe causes of the dislnrhuiier. Hod help
he luckless wreleli, who, in any silnalion of lili', stands
>iii;.'ly opposKJ lo u crowd; Imt doubly is he lo lie pitied,
who, wlialevrr thi eaiisi' of the quarrel may I.e, fills tin;
linmiile station of a private sentinel, and incurs the lios-
lility ol'liirt comrades. .Not one voice, hut fifty ixelnim-
■d aloud, thai .lackson had siniek the sergianl. 'I'ho
( rgeaiil iiini.-elf ^flrpped li.rw ard, exhiliiling, in an eye-
lirow swollen and diseolounii, corroborating proofs fjiat
Iliis serious accusation was well groniided, and Captain
Klelelier iMiaine iu an instant satisfied that one course,
and oil! laily, was left I'or him to |iursiie. It nialtered
not a t-fraw of' what nature Ihe pi'ovoi'alioii given might
fie. To rai^e a hand against a superior, however slight
the ililVi renee in r.iiik, is a crime, w liieli, if commiftcd by
one under ni.irlial law, is iiei essarily rated at the highest";
nor are lliere any eirenmstaiiees which, by the ndminif-
Iriitors of the most riyid of all codes, can Is; received ns
a ju--tllieiition. Captain Kletcher's duly was iinperative.
II ■deled llie culprit lo be conveycil without delay to
llie lilaek hole, there to be kept in close custody against
Ihe day ol'irial; whilst lie hiiiiself'deparleil to make a re.
port of the whole transaction in the proper ({uarlcr.
It would be no easy matter to uccomil fiir the chniiga
of inaiiiier and teniperainent which exiiibiled itself, as
soon lis these directions were given, in the |K'rcon of
Jackson. His fury, wliieli but a minute niro fell litllu
short of' madiK'ss, suddenly subsided, and in its room
eanie no immanly weiikness, but a cold and eoiiteiiiptu-
oiis disdain, as if he felt how iibsolulely desperate was
the pliyiit into which he had rushed, yet set ils worst
eoiiMcpK nies nt defiance. Without uttering a syllnblo
of iijinplainl, far b'ss of jiistificalion, he calmly and deli-
lierately prepared to follow his coiiductors; nnd he smiled
with a liitteriK'ss wliieh caused his enemy to quail be-
neath it, upon the sergeant as he passed. There is some-
tiling ill tlie sight of a man beset willi dangers or iiiis-
liirliinis, who bears himself well niiiler his trials, which
Ihe most iinfieling and despiitie ennnol contemplate with-
out involnnlary respect. Seldom has this trntli been
more jlireilily illustrated than it wn« on the present occa-
sion. The VI v jHrsons wlio, but a moment helore, hoil
joined so cordially in working Jackson wrong — who, by
their clamour, had consigned him to a disgraceful inipri-
soninenl, to be I'ollowed, no doiibl, by a puiiishiiiint still
more di basinir — ixhihited, all at once, manifest symp.
loins that they repi nied of their iH'liavioiir. There was
no shout of Irminph as " the gentleman" was bd out, nor
so niueli ns n senteiiee of o|iprobriiim or insult cast nfter
liliii. On the eonlrary, whilst the majority looked ill si-
li nee upon the work of their own hands, there were not
wunliiig some who condemned with open mouth, the en-
tin; tenor of the nft'nir, and expressed their indignnlion
that a poor lillow should thus fall n vicliin to the ill-iia.
lured levity, to call it liy no more serious name, of per-
sons wliooiight to liuve known better. ( )f'tliese speeches,
liowever, Jackson, if he heard them, look no more notico
llian he would have done of their opposiles lind they hi en
nllen ll. He proeeeiledon between a fill' of soldiers, who
.^o fir till I'or his situation as to t'ree his wrists, as sihiii
as Ihi' olfieer's back was turned, I'roni Ihe manneles which
had liilherlo confined lliein, till having arrived nt tho
lilaek hole, a sort of diuigeon adjoining to the guard-
room, the door was iqiencd, and he was thrust in, lo lind
what eoinliirt he eoiihl in hi.'* own relleetioiiH.
In vhal maiini'r the iriuoiior pnsscd that night it is,
of course, iin|»iN..ililu I'm mo to say, because it was S|K>iil
in soliliide nnd niter dnrkiiess ; iml we may well be-
llevii that it wits to him n night of no little suft'eiing.
He Knew enouyli of mililnrv matters lo be nwsn-, (hut
he hud lendered liimsolf linhln tu n dastiiiy ngninxt
vvhich nvory generous or iiianly feeling revolts; and
Hint from tliut terrihln pmiislimcnt nothing short of
some toiliinnle Bccident, on the occurrence of which ho
vvns not pi^tilipd ill counting, could deliver him. Hail
It hi on dentil tliat nwailed him, though no mnii can look
forward to n violent denth without horror, still tho
prospect might liuvo Ih'cii nmlurnd. There is ut lonst
iiolhiiig deurndiiig ill a capital puiiis'mimit, provided it
bo iutllcted liir tlm brrncli of n law purely nrlincinl;
ami the culprit who feels that from moral wrong his own
conscience ncqiiils him, iiiiiy iiieut it uMlioiit slinnix.
Milt to be slripjipil hefiire n crowd of speclalors, tied up
like a dog to the hnllirrd''', and hi.dicd till lliu arms of
his tormenlors grow weary with the cvpi^cise,— thorn i*
soinething in the coiilemphition of such n llitci which tho
monl philosophic cniinot contemplate with coiniMisnre,
That this horrible vision llonted < liuiially betmn tho
pyns of Jackson, thrro is no rimni to doubt; unil tlmt
ii|Miii n mind, eonstiliiled as his was, it worked uvou
inorr llian lis usual Ptrecls, ran ns llllln be qiisslioned.
Hut whatever his inlnrnal suflViings ini||ht Iw, hn irnvo
36
THE (JKISTLE KECm IT.
■I- i
If
no outward pront'ol' their violonco ut least iidih'iiI' wliicli
any report cmilj bp made by the seiiliiii"! who guardod
liis prison door. Tlio only symptom of iiiioii>iiiess, in-
deed, which hi' exhibited, showed itself in n restlessness
which drove him to pace liis prison bickwards and for-
wards, — an e\ercisB which lie inlCMiiitled not lor the
■pace of a minute, from the inumcnt of his arrest, till
that of his unlooked for liberation.
In the mean while there was no little commolion
amonj^ the oflioers of the reyiiiiciit, many of whom
begr.ii to feel tiieir old pre|iOSsessions in JaeUsoii's fa-
vour return, now that he was involved in a scrape of so
serious n nature. A variety of expedienis weie arcoril-
ingly proposed, with the view of saving the unfortunate
youth from the eonscipieuecs of a court martial, from
which, should his ease be brouj^ht before it, only one
oentenco could bo expected : but his crime was in ilsell
Fo flagrant, and to pass it by unnoticed, would prove so
destructive of every thing like suburdinatiou, that they
were all one after another pronounced inadmissible, even
•Sy such as leaned most stronjjly to the side of mercy.
Desides all which, the eoniunind of the corps had lately
passed into the bandit of one who knew nothing of the
circumstances attending Jackson's cnlistmrnt. except
by comniou report, and who, educated in a school ol
Ktrict and inibcndinir discipline, would not so mneli as
listen to any pro|)ositiou that had a violatioti of that
priueiple fiir its object. .lackson's flite was sealed with-
in an hour after the commission of hisolience. J)irec-
tiuBs were given to the adjutant to warn the customary
number of onicors for duly on the followiiif; day ; and
t)ie witnesses to the prisoner's violence, as well as" tn
the wliulo course of tho proceedings out of which it
uro:-C were desired to attend, llut bet'orc these orders
could bo either acted npon or noted down, an event
belell which turned (he attention of all into a new chan-
iiol, and procured for the recruit at least a tenipor.iry
exemption from a disgrace to which ho had resolved not
to submit, — at all orents not to survive.
We were a' ill seatcil ut the mess table, and the ilecid-
ud stops just Mfwcified havinjf been taken, other topits
weris begnining to bo introduced, when an orderly dra-
goon was gecu to rido into the yard, and diieet hi'-
course towards the colonorH ipiartcr«. For some lime
previously, v.u had been made aware that our sojourn in
Kuf;land was not destined to bo of long continuance.
'J'hrnugh nioio than one indirect channel, we had heard
that the oriler for our immedialo eujbarkation to join
Lord Wcllinjjton's army was issued; ami thai a few I'or-
inalilioii only wore recjuircd to Ik> gone through, privions
to the arrival (d'tho route. Under these circumstances,
the dragiHin no sooner mailn his appearance than there
wn^ a sinnillaiieous ruxh towards tho window, ac-
<'oi"panird by a general conviction, that now ut last the
order so long expected would be received ; and in these
cx|H'etutions fate had decreed that wo should mil bo dis.
appointed.
The dragoon was summoned to approach — tho colo-
nel took the packet from liim : ho liuslily opened it,
and glanced liis cyo over it* coiitenis willi inaiiili^Bt sa-
tisftiction.
"Gentlemen,'' said he, as h>r again folded it up, "I
rougratulain both you and inyselliMl the fulfilment o:
ull unr wishes ; we are oven morn forlunule than tlie
most sanguine could huvn anlii'i|inled ; 1 am instrueled
liere. that the transports destined to receive us are iil.
ready asseniblud at Dover, and we march lo-niurruw
inurniug."
A shout, loiiif, hi'irty, and lenrtliened, liillowed Ibis
nnnonncenipnt. The niess was innnediiitelv dissolved;
the adjutant was comuiaiided to insert no order ill the
book, except that which had just arrived from {[w horse
iriiards', and each individnil Nt oil' to conipletu such
|irpparuti'iU4 a* ho deemed essential to his ow'i profit
and future euinfort : laidtsoii and his crime woie alike
forsotteii ill the excitement which the mw^ produced,
uiiir the lalliii),' together of tho cuuit iinulial wus over-
looked.
Nor did tnuiiy iniMiilen clupso era the intolllgcnoc, no
joylUUy received in the ein le of ollieers, made it* way
uiiiuiig the niuiL In an instant the parade ground was
crowded witli soldlei.'i, ull eagerly diiii'tiidiiig a re|Hitition
of details, of Arliicli oacli was as perfectly aware as the
individual to whom he applied; till the sound id' voices
U'eiina loud iis distant lliuntler, or the lour id' a cataract
in the wooila; but it wus I'ol a sound of inimixod and
tliimitigaled joy, neither weio tho ligiir's which crowd-
«d lh« urpiiii, those ol' happy and liiii.iiphant beings
■ lone. Tli«ro were women Ihora - miin« of them rough
■ III! Iivarllvss vnuu|;h, Uud knows ; but ulliers, — younjr.
pure and gentle, — who read in this glorious announce-
ment, no more than the decree which doomed them to
part from all that they held dear upon earth ; and there
weic ehililren too, — infants in their mothers' arms, boys
at their fathers' knees, — these chimed in, not with the
notes of gladness, but with weeping and bitter lamenta-
tion. There may lie, and doubtless are, -many heart-
rending scenes brought liirwaril, even in ilio progress of
ordinary life. It is a sad spectacle to behold tho widow
and tho orphans follow the corpse of their natural pro-
tector to the grave, and it is a sorrowful si^jlit to bo a
witness to the parting embrace between a mother and
her only son; but the arrival of tho route which marks
a regiinent lor active service before the enemy, is redo-
lent of occurrences, which are exceeded, in jiowcr to stir
up the pily of tho spectator, only by tlioso which attend
the commencement of the march itself.
1 need not, however, dwell at much leiigtii npon this.
Of the facts as they goneially occur, you arc all as well
Infornied by practical expencnco us niysell ; and as no-
Ihiiig took place o!i the present occasion dissimilar to
what occurs on others, your own memory or imagination
will form H belter guide than any lommcntof mine. Let
it sullice, therclbre, to s-tate that it was not without
ijrcal e.xertion on the part of tho ollieers, that any
thing like order was restored ; alter which, the customa-
ry routine of inspection was hastily gone through, and
the lots which determined tho fate of soldiers' wives,
drawn. Out by Ibis time, the increasing twilight bogan
to render objects obscure. Kvery on», thorolbrc, who-
Iher joyous or sad, retired to his quartnrs; and tho voice
of triumph and laincntation were, bcfbru long, equally
heard nu more.
CHAPTER HI.
AVIiilst these things were going on, the solitude of
.Faekson's dungeon had been broki'n in upon by a messen-
ger, who came, not indeed to set him I'ree, but to conduct
liim, under an escort, to his barrack-roein, that ho might
undergo the usual examinatbin, and be disposed of ac-
cordingly. In him, tho intelligence whicli so deeply
afl'cctcd all besides, excited no visible emotion, lie fol-
lowed his coiulnctor in silence ; stood in silence to nn-
dergothc scrutinyof the ins|iector, and iK'ing commanded
to put his kit in order for inurchiiig at an early hour on
the morrow, he did so without giving utterance to a re-
mark. That donu, he permitted himself to be (piietly
led back again to the place of his cunlineineiit, where he
sjivnt the remainder of the night, us he had s|>cnt its cuin-
meiu'einent, wiitcliful, restless, and uneasy.
It is not necessary that 1 should enter into any minute
detail of the events which immediately I'ollowcd. At an
early hour on the morrow, the bugle Kummoned us to
our stations, which were assumed uniidst the commin-
gling of joy and sorrow usual on such occasions ; and
the line ol' march biing firmed, the band struck up, and
the regiment piislii d forward. In rear of the column, a jiri-
soncr and surrounded by a guard, moved Jackson. His
arms, which he was not iMrmitted to carry, were borne
iipiai one of the baggage wuguiis, and i veil his parade
jack) land rcgiinent,.l cap were denied him, Yit neither
the disguise of a prisoner's dress, nor the galling ap|K'ii<l.
age t/l' inaiiaeh'd wrists, could rob him ot' that bold and
haughty air which he had on all occaNions iiiaiiitaineil.
Kven now, indeed, with every external mark of dcgra-
t nil about him, it wes impossibh' to Uliold him without
a sense of involuntary ies|Kcl. Not i\ murmur nor coiii-
pl.ilnt pished his li|is. \Vitli brow erect, anil eye nn-
clouded, he stepped liirward at the given signal ; and lie
proie<:uted his joiirni y in the same silence, and ap|Nirenl
alislrai tioii, which would liav (listingiiishcd him hud he
lilli il his pro|M'r station in the eolumii.
1 1 was late ill the day Iwliire we rcuehed the |ioint of
emliarkaliiiii, and no arriingemeiits having been made liir
ueeoiiiiiioduliiig the triKips 111 the town, some confusion
occurred in hurrying them on Isiard. In coiiseipienee
of this, as wi II as of un iiitimalioii from the commodore,
that the wind Idew fair and not a iiioment's deluy wonhl
be allowed, more than one blunder occurred in ap|Hir.
tioiiiiig its due share of ollieers to eaidi transport, nor
couhl liny utleiilioii be paid to events Hot immediately
eoiini'cted with present eontingeneics. A similar caiiHe
o|H'rateil in liindiring any order from being issued
touehing the dis|Hiiial of the prisoner, who wus eondiicled
to till' same vessel which the r< st of his eoinpany occu-
pied ; anil the coinmuiiilaiit Isiiig lelV without niilliorily
either to try or release him, he liiiinil himself doomed to
eoiitiniii' a prisoner till the voyage shoiihllH' necoiiiplished.
I'rom this I ireiiiiialaiice, however, it cun hardly be suiu
thiit he sulVered any sitIiiui iiieoiivciiiaiice, Ah I was
myself the senior officer on board, I took care that noin'
of the rigours of confinement should be inijioscd U|kiii
him ; indeed he becaiiu^ from the moment of wcighimi
anchor a prisoner merely in name. On parade occa.
sions alone he apiK;arcd with the badge of disgrace alHini
him, because so much was due both to military discipline
and to my own character ; but he took his turn with tlu
rest in working the ship, was permitted like the rest l.i
walk the deck when he chose, and eat, and slept, and
passed his time generally in the same jdace, and albr
the s.inic fashion, with his comrades. •
We hail aecomplislicd (s-rhap^ one half of our'voyagp,
without the occurrence ot" any event deserving ofnotici,
when on a certain occasion, feeling no disposition to
sleep, and being oppnssed with the excessive heat and
conlined atmosphere of the cabin, I quitted my cot as Ilic
eight bells were tolling, and ascended to the qu.artcr-deeli
Nothing could exceed ilie exquisite beauty of the sceni^
which met me there. The moon shone with t'ull lustre in
a sky perfectly cloudles:i, and tinged, with a long and
wavering line of silver, the bosom of the deep. Tin
breeze was just sniHcicntly powerful to keep the eanvasi
from flapping to the mast, and to give a direction to tlir
tiny waves, which rose and fell like the gentle hca\iiii;,
of a virgin's bosom ; whilst the quiet rush of waters as the
vessel's bow cut through them, was the only sound tli.ii
broke in upon the silence of the night. The helmsman
stood to his iKjst, motionless as a statue, and the watcli
lay stretched u|)on tin- liirccastle in profound sleep. 1
alone, indeed, of "the many men so iK'autit'ul," appeared
to live and move, and have my senses about nie ; ami
even 1 soon became as still, as if there had been infection
in the air. 1 sat down U|)on the tatTerel in a state ol
delicious lassitude, such as the asjicct of things about int
was calculated to produce ; and I gazed abroad over tlie
sea, with the eye of a lia;>py man, who is so — he icarct
knows why, and he cares not wherefore.
I was thus situated, not so much lost in thought ai
enjoying the blessed abseiico of all |>owcr of thinkiiij;,
when the light step of some one approaching, as if witt
caution, broke uihui my reverie. I turned round, and bp
held Jackson staniling at my side. The moonlight falline
strongly upon his tiice at the instant, I saw tliat hii
features were cji-itaied, as if some powerful passion were
at work within, or that he hud struggled hard to subdm
such a pa,ssiim, without having fully sueceedcd. Sturtlu
not more by the peculiar expression of his coHntcnanf
than by the nliruptnrss of his approach, I involuntarilv
rose t'roiii my scat, and assuming an attitude almost (,
defence, cont'ronted him. "Jackson," said I, s|)cakiii(
sharply, because without consideration, " what ineau
this / Have you forgottiii that you go nt large only U|h>!
sull'erancc ? — how is it wiat you break in thus rudcl
upon the privacy of your coniinandiiig officer I"
A bitter ami painlul siiiile ciirKd the young man's li
as I uttered these sentences.
" No, sir," replied he, al\er a momentary pause, "
have not forgotten that 1 go at large only hi snfl'erann
I have not lorgottcn that I am sunk to the lowest drjil
of degiadiitioii, so low indeed us to be at the mercy of —
but no iiialtcr. 1 hud fiuicicd that by you, ut least, I wk
regarded witJi an eye of favour. I had |M'rsuadcd iiiv
sell' that you took some interest in the t'ate of a miseralu
outcast ; and ii y bosom yeurncd towards you with a \W
iiig wliii II my jiidgmeiit hardly approved. I did wron,
in giving admission to \isioiis so basclcw, and 1 thorn
yon liir ri'storiiig me to my senses,"
He turned round as he spoke, and was walking nwm
will n, inst.iiitly recovering my self-possession, I entrcalt
him to remain,
" Yon ari' not mistaken, young man," iinid I. " I ro«
cciveil a lively interest in your fate when I first saw viv
and that iiiterer,t eoiitiiines unabated up to the prewi
niomeiit. If I appeared to treat you harshly on l!- ,
present occasion, be assiireil that the tone of my vmr
iielied my li'elings. You came U|kiii me Kuddenly,—
did not dream of your being near ; uiiil 1 acted us in '
iiieii would have done iimler such lircuiiiHlanees, i
speaking w itiioul thinliing."
The NoOeiied toiii' of my voire, not les» than tliric t'o
explanatory sentences, produced all iiiKlaiilnlieous i if
'ipon Jackson, He stopped short, and looking bnek t
wards ine, I saw that Ins eyes swum in lenrs, which it r
ipilrcd no trifling exertion on his part to suppress,
"(lod bli'is yon. Sir I" cried he, ill a subduwl tin
" 1 had no right, humbled as I am, to expect any tliii
of apohigy or explannlion from yon; but the k|h'II
i.foki'li. Whin I sought your presence, it was witlit
t rill ilelerminiilion ol'iiiukiii|r you acqiiaiiiled witheie
particular in my history. I iider what iiilliiciiee I «'
driven III liirir that resoliilion, I cannot tell; hut furin
THE GENTMi! UEtRUIT.
M
r<l, I took cure that nom
should he iiiiimscd ii|K)u
lie moment of weigliing
iniiie. On parade occa.
B badge of disgrace nlvml
joth to military disciphm
in took his turn with tlu
crniitted like the rcRt l.j
and eat, and slept, and
ic same jilacc, and artir
■ades. •
1 one half of ourVoyafp,
I'vcnt deserving of nolin-,
feeling no disposition to
li the excessive heat ani
n, I quitted my cot as llif
rndi il to tlie cpiarter-deck.
\isile beauty of the scen^
1 shone with lull lustre in
tinged, with a long and
osoMi (if the deep. Tin
,erful to keep the canvass
to give a direction to thf
like the gentle hcavint^
ipiiet rush of waters as tlit
was the only sound that
c night. The liclmsnian
3 a statue, and tlic watch
stle in profound sleep. I
I'n so l)eautitul," ap[iearf(l
ly senses about nic ; nnil
if there had been infection
the tatferel in a state oi
as|K;ct of things about ini
1 1 gazed abroad over tlif
lan, who is so — he scarce
ivherel'orc.
much lost in thought u
of all power of thinking
lie approaching, as if with
e. I turned roimd, and be
de. The moonlight faUiiit
ic instant, I saw lliat In.
mo (wwerful passion were
) struggled hard to subilin
' f\illy succeeded. Sturllu
ession of his countenanr<
approach, I involuntarily
lin;; an attitude almost ii
lekson," said I, spcakini
isidoralion, " what meau
ycm gii at large only U|k'!
:ou break in thus ruilcl;
iiaiuling nfliccr V'
urlcd the young man's li:
a momentary pause, "
large only In snfteriiiin
sunk to the lowest dr|il
to he at the mercy of —
list by you, lit least, I wj.
lir. I had i>er«>iaded im
in the t'ate of a miserulu
lowartls you with a lif
Iv approved. I did wroii;
Iso liaselciM, and I thaii
Mes."
and was walklnsf awm
si'lf.poKsession, I rnlreatt
lig man," siiid I. " I ™
Ifatewhen I first saw y.v
liabati'd up to the priwi
■eat you harshly on !!•
Vil the tune of my vhk
ii|Nin me Kuddenly-
I'ar ; uiid I iicled us iii'
suili circumstances, i
le, not liws than lliesi- li'
ll HU in«l,iiitiilicniis ilf
^irl, and li.nking back i
\aiii iti tears, which It r
lis part to suppress.
|d he, in a siilidutHi I '"
am, to rxpeel any llii
II you i but till" s|H II
lireseiiec, it was willH
Ion acipiniiited willui''
Icr what iutluenfo 1 *>
cannot tell: hut Ibriii
did : and had you met mc thus at first 1 should have
ured out my whole soul iKifore you ; but tlie impulse
B departed, and I c.iiuiot, if I would, miburthen this
trsting heart •>>' its I (I. At some other monieiil, |icr.
ps, tlie spell may n irii; but now I have no power to
eak." Hu retired as he concluded this sentence ; and
jjforc I could intoriiose, either by word or gesture, to
Jpp him, he had descended to his berth.
sX I need scarcely observe that this adv«nt»re, abrupt and
pcting as it was, |)rodueeed upon me an eti'cet not less
»ely than any in whicli, lor a long while back, I liad
»en part. It was evident enough, cither that the jioor
utii laboured under an aberration of intellect, — a sup-
pition to the correctness of which his allusion to llie
Kvr of impulses anil spells^ gave tt least the shoiv of
|nsibility; or he really was, what he iirofessed to be,
! child of a wayvvard destiny. In either ease, he could
; tiiil to be an object of sincere commiseration to every
nsiderato mind ; more particularly when regarded in
nnection with tlio unhappy scrape into which ho had
awn himself. It was with no ordinary violence that
blamed my own want of sulf-possession, which caused
1 to cheek a dis|)osition on thu boy's part to sjieak out;
Mr could all the continued lieauty of the night scene,
|||Dugh aided by my own most strenuous exertions, rc-
pre my equanimity. After pacing the quarter-deck,
erefore, for some time, not without a faint lio|)c timt
I might even yet return, I determined to think no more,
Iher of tho past or the future, but to leave every thing
\ chance. Thus reasoning, I mutlc baste to descend the
nipanion ; and in a mood widely ilitTurenl from that
hieli iwssesscd mo when I mounted it, I retirjd to my
, and succeeded, atVcr tossing about (or some time, in
lling asleep.
It was but natural, excited as my curiosity, and, let
I add, my sympathy had been, that I should from
it lime forth lay myself out for every opportunity of
lin conversing with Jackson. With this view, I re.
itedly kept the deck, at hours both of the night and
I when- my comptmions liad deserted it; and more
1 once threw myself in the young man's way so as
it he could not |>ossibly mistake my nieaning. Day
er day, however, stole on, and he ptirsistx'd in the
Bnce \vhieh he had hitherto maintaii-^d. It Bcemed,
Iced, that he was really the pupiH-tof an intluence over
lieh he |Missessed no control whatever — or rather, that
I actions sprimg not, like lliose of oO'cr men, from
litioii, but from fatality; for lliongh he had held out a
iif promise that the time of diaeliisure might yd
jie, the fiillilmenl of that promise appeared not to de-
id upon his own choice. Not that he resumed the air
[old civility, with which he had formerly treated mc
1 less than otlicrs : on the contrary, his salutes were
K given with kindness ; and more than once l;j lin.
'ed liehiiid me, as if struggling wllii an inelinaticin
lieh he could not overcnme; but the subject on which,
Dve all others, I was most anxious to be in-lriicted, he
liilously avoiiled, never failing !o walk away us often
1 referred to it. 'I'liis line of eoiidiiet on his part,
>iigh it had no ell'eet in doing away w itii llie synipalhy
lieh had Is'eii so sti'tingly excited in his liivi iir, taught
I to adopt a less uneqiiivneiil manner of shiiwiiig it. I
adually ceased ti^ court his presence, anil relurned to
habits and mode of acting whieli 1 had previously
brsued.
I To this system I |H'rtinaciouslv ndhercd, no change
ling wrought In eonseqiienee ol it in the conduct or
nnner of the n emit, till the joyful cry of" I<anilontlie
I Imw !" gave nolicr that our voyage was drawing fast
its eonclusion. The land in qiil^lion proved to he
t|K> Drtegal, the bold and preiipitmis ridgii of wliiih
bes like a pillnr out of (he waters, and is seen for some
pielM'fore any of the coast adjacent becomes \i^ibl^. Hut,
I bree/.e still favouring us, us it had ilone liir the lust
days, other and no hss allractivc objeels were
redily diseerticil, and our voyage lieiieeliirlh lay along
bea eiKist fertile, as the most ardent ailmiler of the pie-
trcsqiiii need desire, in iiiteres;ing prospects. Ileadlaiul,
loiiiontory, and hay, opened and shut u|>i>ii us as we
Vvpl past. Ill thu back groiiml were seen rough and
krren mountains, iiitcrsi'i'ted hern and tliirc with lovely
reel) valleys, throii:;li whii'h stieams of limpid water
kadi' their way ; whilst conviiit, hamlet, or solitary
liehng, rising iVom the iniilsl of u gtnve ol' myrtle or
Mil ei'sliis, or occupying some s|miI more clear mid level
nil the rest, m'ncd to remind us lliiil llie coiiiilry,
lough apparently In no very high i-tale of ciillttalion,
las not desHrled. In IIiIh manner we eoiitinncd to coast
ong, till the Tagiis itself lay iH'fiirr us; nor>'<lid we
^op anchor till ■ latr hour on the 1,'illi of .luly, about
llf a mile IVom Uig rortrcsn of nelcm.
The signal having been made, ulniosl as soon as we
entered the river, to prepare for immediate disembarka-
tion, ample opjlbrtunity was aiforded of arranging our
baggage, and we lay down that night in readiness to step
on shore as soon as the morning gun should be fired ; yet
you will easily believe me when I si\y, that few if any
amongst us slept soundly. Thou!;li our passage had
been made in as short a space of time as is usually re-
quired for such voyages, we had nevertlu less been long
enough at sea to make us heartily tired of the sameness
of a sailor's lile; and to give to the most ordinary sights
md sounds connected with dry land, a character which,
seen under other eircumslanees, they could scarce ly have
acquired. For my own part, I listened to the hum of
voices fMid the distant rolling of carriages, with a degree
of delight such as 1 had rarely expcriir.ecd before; whilst
the tolling of hells borne MY upon the breeze, sounded in
my cars like exquisite music. Then tlieie were the
thousand lights which mark the proximity of a great
city — lights which in Lisbon rise one above the other in
tiers, till the loftiest sei'iii to mingle witli the stars in the
firmament: — upon these I felt as if I should not grow
weary of gazing till the return of daylight had extin-
guished them. Uesides, imagination took wing, and
carried mc forward into scenes, of the nature of whidi 1
as yet knew nothing from practical cxperiencr. Now,
then, my military career was liegiin. Now at length
was I about to set foot U|K)n the land of promise to every
British soldier, — the scene, where, if laurt Is were to he
gati.ered at all, they coidd not tail to he tbuiul ; and the
ideas whicli rose out of that recollection were at once
too vivid, and loo complicated, to permit a thought ef
sleep, during many hours, to obtrude itself. At last,
however, nature began to raise her voice against a farther
indulgence in such speculations. All the whispers of ro-
mance failed in keeping drowsiness lit bay ; and 1 made
ready, almut one o'clock in the morning, to follow the
example of my comrades, by desceii(I!iig to the cabin.
I had quitted my favourite station on the poo|i, anil
was proceeding towards the companion, when there sud-
denly stood before me the figure of a man whom, in spile
of the almost pitchy darkness, (for the moon had not yi t
risen) I had no dillicnlty in recognising as Jaeksoii. Ilis
air was that of a person labouring inuler exces^ive agita-
tion, and he held a packet in his haiiil, which he presenli d
to nic in a hurried and abrupt manner. "We land to-
morrow," said he, speaking in a deep and stilled tone;
" and the op|)orlunily whii'h I lir.ve sought, d'od knows
how eagerly, will not no,v be granted. Hut Ihiiugh I have
no power Id speak, my mind has been free, niid I have
written the chief detail.i of my nnfoitunale story; take il
— read il, when a convenient opportunity ofl'ers ; bin rc-
meniber, as you value your own peace, eomiaimieale its
eimleiils to no "lie. Whatever my lide iiiny be, keep the
secret inviolable ; — betray it, were il even to save mv
life, and the same desliiiy wliieh has governed me, will
rule over you." lie thrust the pucket into my hand as
he spoke, and before I could so far eommand myself
to answer him, he had disappeared. I was now quite
convinced that the poor youlli's mind was unhinged. I
put his manuscript iiilo my pi>ckit,harilly caring whetlier
the opportunity to which lie alluded, would ever arrive or
or not; and pursuing my original intention, descended
the ladder, and went to bi d.
CIIAI'TF.K IV.
The first grey of the morning of the Ifilh of July
Ism, was just begiiiniiig III appear, when the re|«irt of
an eigiiti'i n pounder from the Hag ship in the Tagiis,
gave notice that the hour of discmbarkalioii had arrived.
It was imnicdiatcly followeil by a rolling of drmiis, and
braying of bugles, taken np from transport to transport
Ihroiiglioul the Heel ; and in five minutes after, the deck
of every vessel was crowded with soldieru, armed, clothed
and eqiiip|M'd for immeiliate service. Nor did any great
while elapse, ere a numcrona ftolilla of Isiats began to ns-
seiiible alongside. Into these company after company
entered, wi'.h as miieli regard to order «h the eireiim-
■miices of 111"' case woidil m'rinit ; and long before the
■I'll had allaiiieil any bciglit in the heavens, the regi-
iiiciit waa funned in eolumii uf cumiHiiiica ufong the
iM'aeli.
ft was but natural to sup|Kwe that at least n day or
tw>i would In' granted previoiiN to the commcneciiienl of
our march up the eoiiiiirv, for the double pur|Hisc of re
freshing the men, eiifcclilcd by n forlnighl's confineiiienl
and enabling Ihe otilecrs In provide mules and other ani.
mals for thr tmnspnrt of their baggage.
Tlil<i was, Indfcil, the more conndrnlly aniicipatrd,
hceaiite Lord Wrllinglon's well known policy indiirrd
him to spare his young troops, by keeping them us much
as possible in the rear, till they became in some degree
inured to the elimate ; hut tlic particular sti.tc of alVuirs
at the prc.'cnl jiinctnrc was such as to set all ordinary
rules at defiance, and to render llie bringing up of every
dispo;;alilc man to the scene of action, imperative. 1 need
scarcely reniiiid yon, that .Massena was now hanging
upon the front iir with an army of 70,(100 men; tliat
Ciiidad Uoihigo was in a state of close siege ; and tliut
the British giiural, with little more than 25,000 I'ritisli,
and about as many half-ilisciplinid rorlnguese, ceuld
bring no relic f to the garrison, being hardly compclcnt
to maintain his defeiisivc position upon the t'oa. I'ndcr
these eircmnstr.iiics, the arrival ol' a fresh batti.lion was
to l.ini a nii.ltcr of the first niomint ; and hence every
corps which landed was hurried forward into the interior,
as rapidly as the sticnglh of the men, and the movements
of pressed bullocks, would allow.
Like other regiments which had lately arrived, wo
were met upon the beach by a peremptory order to pass
it once! through the cajjilal into the interior, intimation
being at the same lime convi'yed, tint sue h aceommoda.
lion as the' country could atVorel, anel we were likely to
neeel, had already been provided. In ennsequenec of this
cominiiiiie'Mlion, our heavy baggage, which, as a matter
of eujurse, had been broughl on shore, was again sent
back to the ships, whilst, a few mules being furnishi'd
from the I'ommissnriat depot at Uclcni, such lighter ar-
ticles as ceiulel not be dispensed with were packed upon
them, net without some eonfusien and various disap-
pointmenls to individuals, 'i'liis done, the word wa»
;;iven to march, and we pushi-d feirward, if not perfectly
salisfie'd, still, upon the whole', in the highest |>ossiblc
order. Hut the conse-quence of so iimch baste was, that
of Lisbon I was permitted to see no more than a few of
the wri'lehcel stre'cts which li.'ad from Bclem to the great
northern roael ; that at Scavcin wc made no greater
pau.se than was absolute'ly ne'ccssaiy to colU ct stragglcrB;
and that, passing at the same rule through liiiccllos, wo
.jrrivcd in the evening, jaded and hungry, at a town called
.\len(]uer. Here the night was sixnt in no very eoiii-
lortable plight; for the lodging was niiscrubic, and the
authorities being nert over and above disposed to c.\crt
themselve'!! in eiur fiivnnr, our rations proved iiny thing
but sullleiciit ; nevertheless, on Ihe morrow the march
was resumed with the same rapidity as at first, and for
an I Ml ire' week we were fit roiilr. Thus, by dint of on.
traordiiiaiy ixe rtiems, wc contrived to come up with the
division to which we were attached, about noon on tho
■Jdd, — having accomplished a march of npwarils of one
hunilred and fifty miles in somethiiig less than seven
e'lilire ''ays.
We ibund the division occupying a line eoiisielirubly
in advame of the main army, with its left resting upon
.Mini iela, its right upon a bend in the Coa, and covered
in its rear by the clianne 1 of tlier same river. 'I'lic out-
posts, however, cxleiidid«s far as ce'rinin scattered ham-
''■ts, halfway between Almeida and Villamula ; and tlin
stale of preparation in which both men and horses were
kept, inelicateel that an attack was hourly e'xpi ctid. As
we arrived neit in the' be'sl orelcr imaginable', the men lie-
Jig fiie.t-sore to the' last elegrie, anel the efticcrs saelly dis.
Ire ssed Ibr want of baggage, the general, with the eon.
sidiralion for which he was renia^ .able throughout tho
army, ap|M)iiitcil ns to a station better Bhcltere'd than that
occupied by any other battalion under his command.
We' temk |K)Ssessie)n of a f( w cotlngem not far IVemi a
briilge which e'onni!cted the o|ipositc hanks of the river
with one aiiolber, when wo we're give'ii to muhrsland,
Ihat for soiiii' days at least no service on outiKisI, nor
any other liarassiiijf dulyi would be re(|uir(iu at our
hands.
In the mean time Jaikson, so far IVom deriving any
advantage treini the debarkation, hail only returned, in
consequence of it, to tlic condition of a close prisoner,
'I'hoiigh his case had Ihcii brought before the command,
iiig olliccr at Ihe earliest op|Nirtimily, aucli had biin Ills
rapidity of our iiiovcniints, and so excessive Ihe futigiio
attendant ii|h>ii tliein, Hint no leisure for investigating it
had yet olVcrcd, and he followed llii' column in charge of
the rear guard, at once ignorant of his ullimatc destinv,
anel, to all apiH'araiice at least, inililVcrcnt ri-spci ling It.
He vera 1 fresh atlciiipls were indeed made to eibtaiii for
him a IVco parilon, narlly in coiisiipiencc of the exlremc
provocation which had Ud to the ceuiimisKioii eif bis
I'rime, and partly iHcaiise of the lenglli of lime which
had seen biiii In conlini'miiil. lint our coniiiianding
olliccr, as I have alri aily slated, was one of IhiHio who
cannot disunite the ideas of manly clemency and blame-
able iniboeilily. A rigid disciplinarian, he wimbi allow
no circiimtlaiicci to stand an in cxcum for • broRch nf
^rp)
3«
•niK CKNTrK RKfRrlT,
ll
the great iiikI rniiilaincntal liiw nf aiiljnrdiiialinn ; mid
tlioujrli punisliinciit nii^jlit be di'lVrnd, it luvtr liiilid,
sooner or later, to ovcrtalir llie individual who, hiiiiy;
under his rnininand and in his power, set llujt law at
t]«tlianet\ Poor .Taeksun was doonu'd to heroine one in
midition to many ^vho received this stern jiistiee at his
liands. Tlie remainder of the 3l!d liein^j jrraiil -il to see
arter onr own and <iur men's eoinl'orls, a re^rinieiital
nonrt martial was ordered to asseiiiMe on llie morrow;
and, as had hiek woidil hnve it, M'or, nniler all eirenm.
Bhnices, I could not bill consider the coineidenee as im-
tortiinate,) of the court in que.tion 1 was nominated
president.
At tho appointed hour of noon, the court, considlin;;
of four yoiin^ subalterns, with myself, not at that liino
a very old man, assenibleil. We met l"j,'etlier in a
ruinous shed, one portion of which was set apart as a
place of eoiiliiiemenl lo the disorderly; nnil the prisoner
heinjf snmiiiniied, as well us tho witnesses aifaiiist him.
the custuinary oalhs were tulicii, and the process hiijan.
There is no denyiiij; that a clearer case of ninliiiy was
Iicvor hroii(;ht before tho eojrnizjince of a inililary Irihii-
nul. A blow was inOicted by u private Kcntiiiel upon
his officer, — to that fact twenty (icr.sona were prepared
to swour; and thou^'h the previous provocatiuiis were
admitted to have been both numerous and gallinj.', I hose
could not for a moment bo received as more than a
slight extenuation of so serious a crime. lOven llie pri-
soner himself atlcmpted no denial, nor otVered any ex-
cuse for his conduct. When called upon to make his
defence, he on-swcred only with « brief declaration that
his case needed no npolo<ry, for that he had acted upon
an impulse which would have driven any oilier person
so situated to a similar course. This was said in a lone
of voice as calm and tirm as if he had been spi^aknijr ol
matlor?, the issue of which could not alVcct him verv
deeply; and it was all that, liy repeated quest ions, I
succeeded in wriii^in<r from him. The court havlnir
listened to him palicnlly, anil, I must confess, not
without a considerahlo sharo of cominiseratioii, com-
manded him to withdraw; when, each membir Ixiiifr
separately required lo jrive jndpfiiient, all, oiio al"ier ano-
ther, pronounced him — (iuilly. rinally, the severest
sentence which it was in the |H)wer of a recjimeiital
cuurt-inartial to award, was awarded ai;aiiist liiiii ; and
ho was coiKlennied lo receive, at kucIi time and place
as Ihe connnnndins ollieer should ap|H>iiil, a puniiihmeiil
of thrco hmidred lashes on his bare back.
Oreally as I felt shneked when this trcineiidoiis sen-
tence was pronoimeed, it Has impo.ssible lor im;, upon
nny grounds of iiijnsliee or cruelty, to lift up my mn'c
a^rsinst it. iMy hrolhir ollicers would have failed in
their duty, had lliey pennitled any coiisiileraliou fo-
reijrn from the circumslaiiees of (ho ease, as il appeareil
in evidence iK'fore tlinin, to wiyp their jiidirmeut, or ili-
rcct their Hiidiii); ; unil 1. as president, shoiihl hive been
equally wanliii|r in niiiu', bad I interli'ied with tin: e\
crcise of their Injiitimale |K)wers, or iiithioiiei'd their de
cisiotl. Yet il was not willioiit a pamr of deep and
heartfelt sorrow that I listened lo their vordiel, anil
proceeded, as my ollice re(|iiired, lo record il. Uccoril
il, linir icr, I did, without betrayinj; more of oiiiward
' Jill, than was exhibited by the rest ; and linn there
rcuinined but one measure to pursue, which we all
heartily iiniled in adopliiijr. ,\ recoiiiniemiation to
nierey, expressed in I lie most lincihle terms, was ap-
(Miiidud to the sentence nf eoiideinnalion ; and soiiiethiMi;
like a hn|io was oxcitud, that it might jiruto not wholly
useloiiB.
Arnirdttith this imporlaut doeiimenl, and carel'iilly
sliidyinir, as I went aloinf, every nriiiiiiient which I
thonuht at all likely to nll'eet his "mind, I hurried otf to
the colonel's ipiartcrs, whom I fniiiid eii;.'n({ed, appa-
rently in e.iriiesi eoiiversalion, with Captain I'letdnr.
This was an omen so unfavourable, that in spile iit' my
best exertions to pie\eiit it, I loiiiid much of the c.iiili.
denee which had niiiiihiled me by the wav, ev,i|«)rale ;
yel I delerniincd so show niysvll not Ichs the streiiiioiis
ildvorile of II youth who appeared lo isissess no friniul
in the reiiiiiienl except myself My business was no
sooner inaile known, than Cnptnin Klelehcr rose to
withdraw, (Joil knows, — (Nirhnps I do llioin w ronif, —
bill I fshcied then, Slid I l)iney now, that be llnewa
• iKnifieaiit lisik over hii shoulder, just as he was quit.
lii\ll the npiiiiinenl, niiil lliat il was answered by n lisik
mil less siKiiificniil from llm colonel; and llii' ulcus to
whii II llin siisjiicioii L'ave rise, were not very tiivooriiblc
to fn'edoiii ol s|M>cih. Neveitlndess, I iM'rliirmeil iiiy
tliki if not us i'lo<pieiilly as I inleiidud, ul all vvviils
forcibly and streiiiiously, though, us it very soon appear-
ed, to little purpose.
"Yon li:tve a perfect ri^ht," f'aplain Chakot, "said
the colonel, '^to lav belore me both the sentence and
the rccommciulalion nt tho court; por do I blame you
liir iisiiijr your best eloipienco in the prisoner's tiivour.
Hut it remains litr ine t'l decide, how lur clemency can
he hero jiidieiously exercised ; and you may rest satis-
liol that, in cumin^r to that decision, I shull bo guided
entirely by my own sense of propriety."
ile bowed as he uttered these words; and takinjj the
hint as it was intended lo bo taken, I willufrevv, leaving
liehind me every ray of hope that poor .lackson would
escape degradation. I was not deceiveil in this painful
loicbodiiig ; in an hour or two afler, the sergcaiU of the
(lay biouglit the orderly book»as usual, to my quarters;
I hastily opened it, and the first aniiouiiccincnt which
met my eye, was this ; " 'I'lic regiment will parade to-
morrow moniing at seven o'clock, in heavy niarehiiig
order, to witness the senli'iice of a regimental court-
martial eairicd into execution."
I shut the book in indescribable disgust, and fieliiig
Incapable of siipprjrting any society, evoii that of my
bniiher ollicers, I walked into the open uir, without
knowing or caring where chance might lead me.
I wandered on lor fonio time, in a state of high ond
painful excileiiient, cursing somolimos the cxiroiiie se-
verity nf my eoininaiider's lomper, sometimes the bad-
hearledness of Klelelipr, and not less ortcii tho rashness
ol' the young rccriiil, till I reached, without being
aware of it, the edge of tho precipitous clitf which oi
the northern side overhangs the t'oa. Arro«tcil thus
suddenly in my course, I could not fail to look around ;
and the scene which opened upon me was sulKeiont to
di-pel, at least llir the inoinent, every fooling besides
that of iiitciiso and s|ieecliless admiration, liiimediutc-
ly bciicatli mo ran the river — a brawling and noisy
inoiinlaiii stream; forcing its way through u narrow val-
ley, which was closely hommcil in on either hand by
rocks of giiraiitic diinensions. Ovor the faces of those
were scatiercil detached eluinps of dwarf oak and
iiiountain ash, which, pushing themselves lurwaid from
"Very fissure, gave to the entire valley the appearance
of ail old forest thiiiiicd by time, or perhaps by human
iiiiliislry, hut slill retaining a ennsidcrublo share of its
pristine character. Around me. again, was an uiiiphi-
Ihcalre of woody hills, tho wood broken in U|ion here
and there by some beetling crag which reared its bald
t'roiil high aliove the surronnding foliage; whilst of the
residence of man, or proofs ol' bis recent labour and
h.iiidy Work, not a trace, from the spot w liich I then oci u-
lied, could be discovered. 'I'o complelo the wild niagmfi-
■eiice of the spectacle, the last rays of a setting sun wcTc
•Ireaining over a bo'il riilgi\ which girdles in tho well-
known (iiiarda pass; niiil the whole wilderness was
owing in the full yellow lila/.e, which in Ibis climate
generally precedes llie brief twilight. 'I'lio eH'ocI of all
Ibis, linrsling upon me, as it did, wilhunl any previous
warning was mio w liicli u|i to the present time 1 have
not tiiigolteii. In an iiistuni, every source of care and
annoyance ceased lo operate ; and I stood gazing about,
ill the full eiijoyniciil of litcliiius whi' h such a scene,
and such a scene aloii(\ is e.ipalih.' ul cxcilintr.
Il was now nhiiosi liir Ihe first time since ho put il
iiilo my liaiiil. Unit the recoMi'ilion of .lai'kson's packet
oci'uircd tome. Hlainiiig myself, I hardly knew why,
I'm my iinilleiitiini, I thrust my liniid into my pocket,
and tliere, sure enough, il was, just as I received it on
hoard of ship. There eon!d not boa more coiivenieiit
opp<irtunity. nor .i place more lilting, liir the perusal ol
u narrative, conceiniiig the nature ol'w Inch I had already
pretty well made up my iiiiiid; so, silling down under an
ash, I broke the seal, and began It. .\s I have lailhl'iillv
piesc(ved it, and have it slill ulioiit me, I think il belter
to read the whole than niakn iiiiy nllempt lo dcliiil its
siibstanee; for llioiigh the latter might serve very well
the piirjiose of my picsenl inirialive, it could not con
vey to you any idea of iho character or dis|io»itioii ol
the writer.
.I.UK.S()N'.S NAKHATIVK.
" lly what secret mill irresistible inltiienee I am im-
pslled lo make II i-onlidciit of yon, I know mil. It is
true, that, from the inoinenl when we first iiiet, you
have appeared lo lecl an Interest In my flivoiir ; lioi have
I liirgotlcn the kinil and nciicroiis manner in wliieli you
wiiriied 1110 of the eonseqiieiiecH of tlij rash slep wliicli
I was about to lake; neither has yoiii i. nuked dellcaey
of iiondiict, since I rume as n pri-oncr imiiiedialely nil.
dor your iiiinmaml escn|H'd my obseiMilion. Ilut these
ihinui furnish no raliuiml roiisuii why I tliuulU disclose
my shame to yon; they would rather lead me, were 1
master of my own actions, to conceal it. I am not, how.
ever, master of my own actions. There is a curse upon
me — a terrible and deadly curse, which operates at u||
moments of iijy Bleeping and waking existence, — which
has reduced me to what I am — a common soldier, — which
has driven me to tho commission of a crime, bringing a
debasing punishment in its train, — which compels nie,
in spile of strenuous exertions to the contrary, to stand
forward ns a witness ogainsl myself, and which will
never cease to work upon my heart, and to shape out the
tenor of my movements, till that heart cease to beat, and
these limbs be incapable of motion.
" I am the son, the only son, nay the only child, of s
goiillcmaii of proud linoag* and considerable fortune, in
the north of England. His name it would little inte-
rest you to he told ; and doomed as I am to be the pub-
lisher of my own disgrace, I will not bring disgrace
upon otiK rs by repeating it. Let it euffico to mention,
that the cstnle to which 1 was onco heir, came into the
t'amily at the Cuu(|uest, and that it has descended in
lineal succession, from father to son, from its first pos.
scssor, to him — who does not now hold it,
" Of tho niumicr in which my early years wereB|ient,
I entertain but a vague and indistinct recollection. I
remember somothing, indeed, of a lovely and amiable
woman, to whom 1 was taught by those about mo to
look us my mother. 1 remember, or rather I fancy thsl
1 romcmbor, how she used to take me on her knee, and
cover my cheek with kisses, whilst tears rolled down
her own ; and either memory, or the report of others,
when hoard, or whoro repealed, I know not, — presents
ine with an occasional picture of the sanio beautiful
woman, pining like one broken-hearted, and fading in
her youth. Observe, that I do not assert th^se thingi
us facts; thoy may be mere illusions of my own disor-
dered fancy; in all probability they are so; yet to me
they are at this moment as clear and palpable as the
scene of my own arrest on a recent occasion, or our
late conference on tho quurtor deck. Whether they bo
rculities or dreams, is, however, a mutter of no iiioinent.
•My mother died king before I hud attained sufficient
ajfc to value her good qualities, or to miss her attentions;
iiiid I was left, when littlo more thuii un infonl, to the
care of my father.
I know not how to trust myself in drawing a pic-
ture of the only parent whom I have ever known. That
he was kind in his manner towards me, 1 cannot ven-
ture lo sny ; at least his kindness was not so displayed
IS fo will upon the attaclmiciil of a boy naturally warm
hearted, or to make mo forgot that I had sometiitiei
seen my mother weep, when ho and she and I were
alone together. Il is true that low days |>assed, few nt
least during which he was disengaged, without my see-
ing him. Oieasionally, too, ho would bring mo ii toy;
and when I was old enough to rido ho gave ino a pony,
on w Inch I was pennitled to scamper wherever I chose,
provided only I relumed home before dark. Vet wn.i
his manner uniformly cold and uustorc; 1 cannot recall
lo my rccollci.'tion so much as oao kiss from his lips;
and as to a («)d bless you! — the oxpression never en.
laped him. No, no, no 111 was not m blessing that he
look the name of (>od In his mouth; — it was fur a far
moie tiemeiidous and more certain pur|)Osc.
" .At an ngo us early as is usual in like cases, I wai
sent to a prefiarutory school, fruiii whence I was in due
time removed lo Kloii. Here, in the society of luds ol'
my own Mlanding, several happy years wore h|><'iiI, si>
happy indeed, thattho inipri^ssion which they have lelt
upon my mind, can be erased only by deulli, Stronge
to say, however, the vaealions, which brought to otiieri
so mniiy anlieipatioiisof delighl, wore always hailed by
inn with sorrow. I hail no home ; that is lo sny, iin
homo which I loved; liir Ihoiigh I delighted in Held
sports, and Ihe iiieans of gratifying thai propensity
were aliuiidanlly within my reach, there was soinetliing
111 the air of , whiih invariably chilled inc when I
drew near il. Tho truth is, that I did not and rouid
not love my liifhcr. I H)ared liiin ; he was a man to !»■
li-aicd- — co'd, uiiBlere, lerninl ; proud of his family,
equally proud of his own attainmeiils; of a iBinpor not
irrilafile, in Iho ordinary neceplnlinn of that term, yel
cnslly oll'cnded, and ignorant how to forgive; such a man
even his own sou coiiTd not love, however much ho might
ievcreiice,or iHllier dread him. Ilesides, my fhlher was
oiiii of llioso whom no nrgnmeiits, no entreaties, no mo-
tives, even of srlt^inlcrusl, could divert from the rolirsa
which he hnd onco iiindo up his iiiliid lo iiiirsiie. I«t him
sethlN heaif upon nny olijeel, and the whole world, were
ilull'uri'd ill extlmnge, could nutpurchat* hia iv'lini|uisli-
her lead nic, were I
al it. I am not, how.
^hcre is a curse upon
vhich npcraten at ull
iig existence, — which
imon soldier, — which
f a criino, bringing a
-which compels nip,
ho contrary, to stand
Bcir, and which will
, and to shape out the
!arl ceaso to beat, and
' the only child, of it
nsiderablo fortune, in
it would little inte-
s I am to bo the puli-
not bring disgrace
t sutfico to mention,
c heir, came into tlie
it has descended in
in, from its first poa.
lold it.
rly years were B|)enl,
ingt recollection. 1
1 lovely and ainiablo
' those about nio tu
ir rather 1 fancy thiit
me on bcr knee, and
Ist tears rolled down
the report of others,
know not, — presents
tile same beautiful
jartcd, and fading in
I asvcrl tliQse thiiigi
ns of my own disur-
(>y nro no ; yet to me
and palpable as the
Ml occasion, or our
. Whether they bo
lutterof no moinonl.
id attained sufficient
I miss her attentions ;
lian an infant, to the
If in drawing a pir-
cvor known. That
me, I cannot von-
rns not so displayed
limy luitnrully warm
It I liiid somotiitici
lid she and I were
[days passed, few nt
d, without my see-
Id bring mo a toy ;
gnic me n pony,
ir wherever I uhosc,
fo dark. Vet was
jrr; 1 cannot recall
Ins from his lips;
pression never m-
n blessing that he
— it was lor a far
iriKIBC.
liko rnses, ] W3i
enco i was in due
»o( ioty of Inds of
Irs wore H|M<iit, xn
|icli they have Irit
death. Strongr
brought to ntlirri
always hailed by
hat is to sny, nii
uhghted ill Hold
that propensity
r WHS somotliinv
hilled me wheal
Id not and rnuld
was a man to b«
of his family,
of n temper not
f llial tnrm, yrt
ivn: sneli a man
mucli he might
, my Ihther was
treaties, no mo-
from the coiirss
iirsiii', ti«l him
nin world, wore
his nilini|uiili-
iiiicnl of that object ; difficulties, slioulil such occur, on-
ly served to ^'oad him to farther exertions. Nor was it
iifi essentials only that this unbending tciii|)eriinicnt
displayed itself; it reached even to tlio most minute
details of domestic life: it operated oven in his distribii-
tion of his own time, and had full inlluoiico over my
proceedings, which dared not lake a direction in the
slightest degree at variance from the channel which he
Vmd marked out fortliein. Between my lUllier mid myself
there was not so much as the pretence of confidence.
lie never consulted mo in any thiii}r, whetlier relating
to myself or others; ho never spoko to me of tiuiiily
matters, ancient or modern ; and he gave me no oiicour-
ngenicnt to eommunicato my feelings to him with the
freedom which a. son should always experience in the
presence of his father. On the contrary, the little in-
tercourse that passed between us, was niiifornily distant
and chilling,— like that which is somelimos ko(.t up by
u guardian towards his ward, provided no ties of blood
bind tliciii one to another, biit bearing no seinblance
whatever to that free coiiiuiuiiioii of soul, mind, mid
feeling, whi>h, if it exist any where, might bo expected
to exist between a parent and a cliild.
•' In the society of such a man, it was inipossiblo Ihiit
I could find any enjoyment, and to his society I was,
when at home, almost exclusively confined; (or the pe-
culiarities of my lather's tein|ior were such, that few ol
his neighbours kept up with him more than a distant or
formal acquaintance. Once or twice a year a stotely
dinner was prepared, at whiclisonie half dozen country
gentlemen would make their appearance; but these
nieeliiigs always passed ofi'lioavily at the time, and they
led to no familiar intercourse afterwards, liidoed, my
liitlier was maiiifcstly neither loved nor courted by any
one. His very servants and tenants avoided him as ot-
tcii as they could ; and when that was inipo.-isihle, tlioy
stood bolbro him in uiidisgtiisod alarm. Wlioiico ull
this arose I am unable even to conjoctuie, tor of his
early history I never heard a syllable; and unless some,
tiling more extraordinary occurred iii his youth than
took place since my memory serves, there was certainly
no adequate reason tor it.
"I had removed from Klon, after going through the
regular course, and had kept a l(!w terms at (.'unibridgo,
w':cn that event belbll upon which the whole of my fu-
ture fortunes were doomed to turn.
" It was on a beautiful evening in .luiie, that with
feelings widely different from those which i eoiild have
wislii'd to exjiericnce, 1 found myself approaching the
place of my nativity. There were no pleasing recollee-
tiiins associated with that lonely and desolate inniiKioii
Its great empty halls and half furnished apartiiiciils
through which the voice of iiiirtli and revelry never
e(lio<^d, its long passages and dreary corridors, where
the sound of a footstep would liave startled had it reached
Mil' ear, rose with no very agreeable colours In I'lne my
view ; and when I considered that amid this snlitiide the
v^liule of a tedious summer must be passed, I could not
avoid shuddering at the proH|H'et. 1 was in this mood,
when a sudden stopping of the horses iiidueed me to sit
tiirward in the chaise for the purpose of aseerluiniiig tin
cause. There was no iHissibilily of mistaking the priii-
lipid objects about me. 1 recognised nt oiii'e the beeel
urove that skirted llie park, and the eominnierinenl ot
till' long avenue which hil up to the iiiansiiin ; but in
imniiter details a cliiinge had nrriirrid, wliieli set all my
siiriniHes and eiileuliilioiiM at defiance. The lodge, wliieli,
when I lust entered it, was iiioie tliuii half iinriHilid and
111 ruins, presenled now the appearance of a nent and
I'Miiirortiilile eotlagi'i it was newly tlmliliiMl, glii/ril, and
whitewashed, and ii spot of ground laslefiilly laid luil in
iiillivatimi lay Is'liiiiil il. In like inaniier llie pilliirsand
LMles liiid midergiine a thorough repair ; the palings
si'iiiied to have Ihiii liitely renewed; and the vriy grass
mill weeds wliieli used to overgrow the drive, had nil dis-
a|i|MMi'i'il, Instead of the si dlernly diiiiir, likewise, by
hIi'Mii I was uei'iisliimed In In' initliere, a pielly eoniiliy
eirl, iibnut leu iir twelve years old, threw iiisn llie gate
>'! Mill dropped a curtesy as the chiiise rnlled lliroiigli, with
llie grace of one neruslomed to the iilliee, I need scarcely
My Ihiit all this eveiled in me no little aiiiii'/.eniint ; but
It' I iX|H'rieueed surprise al theuspiel of things in llieiii-
srlves so miiMi|Hirlaiit, my aslonishmeiil inereaseil ten
liilil, when iillier and still greiiti r eleinges ap|H'ar((l.
" .\s I approaidied tli' house, I iH'eanii' tliviiy step
more and more aware, that ii emnplete revolTitiini iiiiisl
li;i\e taken place in my fullier's style of tiviiig. Tin
liiwii, of which mv iiiost remote reiiilleeliiiit pi'i senled
Mil iilliir pielilie Ihiin of a longli ind neuleitnl plot of
itMf, wai iiuw mowed witli Uio utiiiobt caie, and taste
'fiiK <a;NTi-K itKcm J.I'.
fully adorned at ditiereiit points with eliiiiips of llower-
iiig shrubs and ornamental evergreens. A light wire
fence protected it tVoni the approaeli of tlie s]ire)i,
wiiicli in former days were aeeustonied to browse up to
the very windows ; and a wicket composed of the same
materials admitted us to a well cleaned gravel walk,
wliieli extended ifflronl of the main entrance. Tlieii
again, oil looking up towards the house itself, I beheld
that Uie shutters of every window were open. Hint the
frames h:id been lately painted, and tlie gla.ss universally
rc|iaire(l, and that an air of eonil'ort was cast ovir Hie
entire exterior, such as 1 iiad iievir seen it wear until
now. Jiy this time the carriage had stopped, and tlie
postilion having rung the bei, the hall ileor was opened
by a servant in a neat iiiorning livery ; who, though
iiiaiiileslly unaeqiiQiiiled with my name and eircinnstan-
ces, civilly requested me to walk in. 1 followed the
lacquey, not like one entering his father's bouse, but like
u stranger in u place unknown tu liiiii ; and truly tlu
aspect of every thing had unnergone a revolutiuii so
complete, that I almost doubted whether the case were
not really so.
1 was conducted through the entrance hall, in the
t'urnishiiig and decoration ol' which I linniil it dilliciilt to
trace out any resembliinei^ to tlie elieerli'ss and uiieoni-
I'ortable vestibule, so fuiniliar to my early years. lOveiy
thing was changed : handsome iiialiogany eliaiis, iniirki d
with the family arms, had taken the place of the antique
oaken benches which tiirmerly stood lieie ; a mosaic
pavement had supplanted tlie slabs; murlile tables stood
here and there ; and a stove of Hie newest eniistriieliiui
held out a promise of warmth and eomiini in t!n~ winter,
riieii, again, there were elegant liililing ilmirs, \vliii:li cut
olf the outer from the inner hall, — a disliiietinii wliieli
till of late had not been recognised ; — and if the garnish-
ing of the outer compurlinent siilheed to e.xeite mv
amazeineut, luueh more lijreibly was that lieling roused
by what I beheld in llie inner. Uiili carpels covered
the floor: gilded lamps hung from the leiliiig; and the
reat oaken staircase leading up to the loilying ruoins,
which began here, had received a polish, bright as die
irt of man could bestow upon it. IJnt greater wonden
than even these awaited me.
We hud by this time reached the door of the draw-
ing-room, when the servant, as a preparatory step to
'irowing it open, demanded my iiaiiii'. 1 was so eoii-
loundcd that 1 could not contrive to staniiiier it out so
as to be iniderstood; and the man, niislnkiiig my wolds,
ushered me in under some apellulinn.lhe soiiiid of wliieh
I linvi^ forgotten. 1 walked liirward; hut my sni|iri.e
ainount'd to positive stiipiliK'tion, win n there arose to
meet me — not my father, but a lady, liraiitil'ul asniiangel,
young, elegant, graceful in every motion, with eyes that
did not look, but speak — ay, sir, speak words — pl.iiii in-
lelligible words — dark, huge, brilliant, siirnioiinlid with
long lushes, which softened, whilst tiny took lint away
t'rniii, the variable expression of the orlis beiiealli them.
Hut 1 must coinniand inysell" — so lit that pass.
" In what manner 1 reeeived the saliilutioii of the
stranger, 1 cannot tell; only I remeinlier, that when I
made an ell'orl to speak, my tmigiie i luve to the root' ot
my iiioiilh, and 1 stood like oin- rooted to the s|Hit by
some sudden spell, or troieii into stone. 'I'lie lady seeined
surprised lit my einoli.iii, I eviMi Innei, il that she Ueaiiie
alsrmed, for slie uttered sninetliing in a hiiiiied tone,
the purport of which I could not eonipreheiid, iiiid iiindi
II moveiin nt us it' to retire; hut In tine she emilil e irrv
that resniiition into ell'eet, a door which eoiiiiiiunieateil
betwpen tin' saloon uiiil the liliriiry w.isthlowii open, iinil
my liither entered. 'I'lii' sight of him recalled me in
staiitly to my senses. I aiUaiieed to receive the hand
wliieli he held out ; and in the next iiistiinl, the whole
mystery around iiie was explained.
"'Von are wileonie home again, Charles,' said my
fitlier, with more lliuii usual kiiiilness in his tune: '1
dare say tlie aspect which thinirs have nssnineil since yon
were last here, has eaiHed you no little iistiinisliiiient ;
yet I nm willing to hope, that astonishment is not tin
only feeling likely to lie roused. Charliilte, my love,'
continued he, tiiniiiig to the lady, ' perinit me to intro.
iluee to you my sou, whom you will find, 1 IriiNt, nii
agreeable eompimioii ut momenls w hen I may be niiabli
to injoy your society. ('Iiarles, in this lady you sei
one who is entitled, by every tie of moral oliliL'iitioii, ti
your respeet and ntVi'etion. She has eoiixented to intiki
me the happiest of men : and she now stands toward.'.
yon ill the relidlonofa luolher.'
"'A molliirl' cried I, staggering back, ns if struck
by soi'ie Hiidden and deadly blow : ' A iniillier '■ Is this
lady, till II, V"m will' "
"' Yc«, sir,' replied my I'utlicr, in hi.i old tone of up-
3fl
perity ; ' this lady is my w lie. Is there any thing so
very remarkable in that eirenmstunce, as that you sliould
not be able to eoiopreheiid it ."
" No, sir, no — not exactly so,' said I, scarcely kiiow>
iiig what 1 said : ' lint the intelligence has come upon
me so suddenly — I knew not that any such step Was in
contemplatioii — that, in short, I know not what to say,
except that your aimouncenient has |MTlectly amazed me.'
"• I see no reason why il should produce that etlect,'
replied he: 'there is nothing so very startling in thu
liiet, that a mail who has spiiil twenty years in solitude
shoulil lieeome \ve:iry of living alone, or that he should
ally himself with one every way worthy of his estcciu
and iift'ecliniis,'
"'I'liiswas spoken coldly and delilHrately, with an
emphasis ot' which I couhl not mistake the purport ; yet
I answered it by observing, that I had received no inti-
mation of the intended change; uiid that his siU'iieo on
such a snlijcct surpri.sed me more, than the line of con-
duct which he had si en fit to pursue.
' ' I was not aware,' replied he in a sarcastic tone,
into which he knew well how to throw the very gall of
liitterne.ss, 'that i had ever given you cause to regard
yourself as the arbiter of my destinies. 1 have not liecn
II the habit of soliciting your advice on indifierent mat-
ters, and should scarcely think of desiring it on an oc-
casion like the present. Hul enough of such disciusioii
— I have told you how this lady and yourself are con-
leeted ; it reniains tor you to behave towards her us tliat
connection demand.'^.'
" I had by this time recovered in some degree from
mv n:;ititioii, uiid turned towards my mother-in-luw,
w lib the inteiilioii ot'nH'ering all apcdogy tor the slrange-
iiess of my behavioiir. She treinbled violently, — whether
from liar, or mere einbarrasineiit, it was, of course, iiii-
possilde liir me to tell; whilst her respiration appeared
to go on with ililliciilty, and her colour went and cnmo
like clouds over the I'aee ol'the moon o'l a sloriny iiiglil.
lly degries, liowi ver, the awkwardness of miiniier iii-
separ.ilile from so extraordinary an introduction, de-
parted. She recovered the calm and placid air which
ilislinguislii'd her when si rose to bid me welcome ; and
the ease whii h marked her gestures, as well as tile readi-
ness with wliieh we entered into conversation, soon pro-
duced the happiest elfeei upon me. In five minutes every
thing awkward in our first meeting was forgotten, and
we liehiiM'd towards each other, as persons in our situu-
tinii might be ex|H.'i'ti'd to behave.
" It wasaiiow that I found leisure to east my eyes
round upon the apartinent in which we were sitting;
and there, as well us elsewhere, I unw that a perfect ru-
Noliition had oeciirred. The unciciit cane-backed chairs
and sol'as had beiii disphiceil to make room l!>r eouelius
eovered with the costlii'st silks; rose wnod tables, richly
inlaid, were scattered here und there in elegant confu-
sion ; splendiil pier glnsse< filled up the recesses, and
curtains of the finest stuft's ormiincnted the windows;
whilst even tiie piipir upon the walls, as well as thu
painting on the roof mid pannels, liiid ull been renewed
in the most expensive and brilliuiit miiimer. Nor was it
in the saloon alinie that the hand of improvement had
Is'i'ii at work. There was not nn upnrlment in thu
hiiiise, t'rom the servants' hall to the nursery, which had
not nndergoiie some change ; whilst all that were in any
degree eonspieiions, as will in the ileeping us in the
living eomparlineut, had been eiitiicly tefurnished. I
eiinnot preti nd to describe the ell'ecf which this choiige
prodiieid upon me. That il was fiir the better, I fi'll,
anil iii'kuo« leilged j yet, with the |H'rversi'ness of Imninii
mil lire, there were momentH when the abseuce of this or
that long renienilH'nd piec« of luinber stirred up in me
II sinsnliiin, of whieli 1 did not iiniiLiine tlint a cause so
trilling could liiive been prodnetive. III like manner, it
was with no ordiiinry pain tlint 1 observed, tlint, of the
liiees ol the donicslies who went and eaiiie nboid us, not
one was funiilinr. The old servnnts, liku the old furiii
tiire, hnd nil been dismissed, to make way for others —
more sightly, (icilnips, and more •ubmissive, but whether
superior in the essentials of hoiiwly and fidelity, might
well be doubted. These thini.'s cut deeply. For thu
first day or two, indeed, the etfeel of them was such ui
to render me but little disposed to court the society either
of my fathir or his bride : nor was il till I had licen
lU'iirly a week at lioiiie, thai the liiniier thought fit In
make me In iiny degree aeipiainled with the origin ond
progress of his new eonneelien.
"There was litth' in the story to iiitercsl inn ul the
moment ; there is still less Hint deserves record now.
Charlolte Howard wn« an orplinn, the peniiyless niece
of line of our 111 iiihlHiiirs, on whose bounty shs absolutely
depended. Having lately returned iVom school, she at.
.■•I ■■)
'■m
I'.'l^l
m
<^M
J
1:1
\
40
THE GENTLE RECHUIT.
^.
■■•!H
i
; :f^
r 1 r.
s
tractcd my father's notice, during a visit wliicli lii; linp-
pcncd to pay to tier luiclc ; and as hu found licr not iiiorv
beaulifnl than amiable and accomplislied, lie made a ten-
der of his hand. Cliai'Iottc was barely c iglitecn, my fiitlicr
forty-nine ; but, to counterbalance this ditierenee in tlicir
agc.i, slic was portionless, whilst he was understood to be
inuncnsely rich. My father did not stale how much he
owed to the' lady's personal predilection, how mueli to
the persuasions of her guardian; on that head, he wisely
left nic to judge for myself; but the result was, that
about six weeks previous to the commencement of the
long vacation, he led h('r, a weeping and bashful bride,
to the altar. Yes ; he used the woi-d bashful, as if lier
reluctance were merely feigned, — as if she, a giii, artless,
innocent, g 'y, lovely, telt no more than the ordinary coy-
ness of a maiden so situated, in giving her hand to one —
Hut no matter. He admitted that .she wept — he did not
say how she wept — he did not even allude to the hot
ncalding tears of utter misery, whose fountain lies in the
innermost soul, and which run over only when hope is
blighted for ever. No no ; I was encouraged to conjure
up an image of modest dew drops — of one or two tears
cheated from the eye, more through the power of mo-
mentary cYciteinent than by the inllueiiee of sorrow.
How dilferent was oil this from the truth !
" Well, the bride was carried oft' to the metropolis,
where, amidst the gaiety of a London life, her first les-
Kons in the duties of the married state were learned. In
the mean while all those changes in and al>out the park,
which had so iwwerfuUy afFeeted me, were wrought ;
iind only one fortnight previous to my return, the hapjiy
pair took |)ossession of their renovated mansion. Such
is ;lic substance of a conversation which I held with my
lather, on a certain day at\er dinner, to which I listened
us to Bonicthiug neither very agreeable nor very interest-
ing. How deeply did I deceive myself, in regarding it
as devoid of interest.
" I know not whence it arose, but I cxjicrienccd to.
wards my nn.thcr-in-Iaw, about this time, a i'eeliiiir which
I couM not describe, but which tempted me as nmcli as
)io.<^siblo to shun her company, particularly when no othei
persons chanced to be by. Not that 1 ever thought of her
with aversion. To look npon that countenance, to be-
hold the varied and glowing expression of tliosc eyes,
yet entertain towards the bemg whose eyes met mine,
any thing iji the most remote degree akin to aversion,
was impossible. On the contrary, 1 never beheld her
without admiration, the deepest, the most intense. 1
never listened to the nnisie of her voice, v\^hout a de.
light sneh as no other sound in nature could produce.
1 never thought of her when absent, witlinut a degree of
interest painful indeed, but puinful only iVoni its exees.s.
Vet I avoided her, as if there had been a pestilence in
her brontli, and a pollution in her touch. It was not
o\\vn that I indeavoured to uei^ount for this j but when I
did, i.uages arose, humiliating and distressing, of the sort
of tie which hud brought us aeipi;iinlid, and he Id ns to-
gether. I could not bear to think of h, r as my lather's
wix — as one whom I was bound to upproaeh with de.
fcrcnee, anil look upon with res|Kel ; yet I felt that to
regard her only as the beanlirul and innocent girl, and
to tri'al her like a sister or a friemi, would at once dis-
pli'ase the mail to whom I was indebted fur my being,
and infringe, seriously nnd improiK rly, upon the; usages
ofsoeiity. Many days tlierelore ilipsed, ere we I'ould
be saiil to know more o( each otlu s tastes and hnbits
than was disclosed at the monieni <il (iir first inlrodne-
liim: — well wi>nld it have lieen for bolli, had this just
Biul eaulious reserve Ix'en persevereil in.
" With his stale of celibiu:y, my fathir had. It Rp|ienred,
put "ti'that morose and haughty Innnour which kept him
at a distance from ali his neighbours. liepeutedly since
Iheir return from Tiondon, had the new married couple
thrown o|K'n their doors to gay parties, and the old walls
had more than once rimg agam to the tones of singing
and minstrelsy. So excellent a custom was not to be in-
l»rruptcd by the arrival of the heir of the lordship ; on
the contrary, I wos given to understand tiial, in honour
of my visit, tho entire neighbourhood had been invited to
an cnlertainmcnt, which was to rxered in splendour and
eif ganci' every thing of tho kind which had for many
yeirs taken plaei' in this pari of the country. With what
ubsolute inililVerence I listeniHl to the announcement !
Wli it were gaiety or splendour to uie ? I h nl become all
ut oni:e the most Inmiilir.ted and self-ceudeinneil of hu.
nun beings. All the glories of nil FOostrrn palace, had
they been spread out before me, would have failed to ex-
cite any ph'nsnrable eniolion. Nay, I pined for the
gloom which was now diN|H'lled for ever, and l(H>ke(l
back with reijrel upon the very stale of existenee which
was onee the source of my mo' t serious repining. What
fickle creatures arc we, even at the best! Iiow little may | got her. At that instant her eye caught mine; what
our very tastes and desires be calculated upon! ' ' " ...... ....
" 'I'he day of gala came in its course, and brought
with it a crowd of guests of all ages, of both sexes, and
of every rank — from the proud wearer of the earl's eoro.
net, down to t!ie simple connnoner. Jfothing could ex-
ceed the hospitable urbanity of my father; &nd the gen-
tle attentions of liis bride to all within her r< -ch, were
beyond measure gratifying. 'I'hcn, again, a; to the ban-
quet — no luxury which earth, air, or water could produce,
was wanted, 'i'he choicest wines were passed round with
exuberant libcrnlity ; a crowd of servants in rich liveries
prevented every wish; and the gl.irc of golden lamps
was relUcted back by a profusion of massive plate, under
which the table and sideboards groaned. Next followed
the dance, the conversazione, the promenade, relieved
and inlcrruplcd from time to time by bursts of the most
exquisite music, till every sense seemed deadened by the
multiplied sources of eujoynicnl, with which it was not
so much sup|)lie(l as sated. And how was I affected by
all this? 1 looked on with the vacant stare of a spectator
at a show which he undcrst; ids to l)c delusive and un-
real. I apjK'ared, indeed, to mingle, like the rest, in
every amusement ; I even gazed round upon the faces of
my father's gucsl.-, seeking for one on which my eye
might repose so much as for a moment. But I found
none. iMany lair countenances there were, — laughing,
lively, happy countenances, — such as meet us in our
dreams, when these arc most pleasing, and leave a trace
behind them when wc awake. But before my eye that
night they passed like shadows. There was but one
countenance on which 1 could endure to gaze — and that
one was — my mother. Heaven ! what u profanation of
the term. Chavlotte Howard, the dark eyed lively girl of
eighteen, my niotlier ! — she, who was by two full years
my junior, — who smiled upon mc, not with the haughty
glance of a superior, hut with the mild beseeching look
of one who saw my agitation, and would have calmed it
had she possessed the power, — who seemed to court, not
to demand my notice, as if she needed support from me,
and would have token it ns a boon ! — Could I think of
her as my mother ? No ; 1 never beheld her in that light ;
I could not think of her in that fashion. I was cold and
distant towards her, it is true— cold in my ninmicr, dis-
t:int in my address ; but neither my coldness nor dist;ince
proceedecl from that jealous aversion with which, as my
step-mother, I might have been supgiosed to regard her.
I shrank from her, because I already felt thot 1 dared
not trust myself near her ; — yet my eyes foUovN'cd her
every movement, ns if there were a spell upon them,
which not all my ciVorts would suffice to break.
" At last she sat down to her harp. Though I had been
upwards of a fortnight under tho same roof with her, I
had never yet heard her sing or play ; for my father en-
tertained no taste lor nmsie, and I did not presume to
solicit that she would perform for my gratification, 1
was sitting at the moment alone in a distant corner of
the .saloon, pretending fatigue, which in reality 1 did not
experience, that 1 might escai>c for a few minutes from
the toil of making myself agreeable, or summrting a con-
versniion in which I took no interest. 1)1 all the objects
in the passijig pageant, 1 U'lieM but her alone ; and when
tin ri' was a c.ill of silence, I held my very breath, lest its
souml should interrupt it. How groccfnlly she stretched
her fair round arm over the instrmnent t — with what
tnsle she swept the chords as a prelude to her song ! and
then striking a few bold notes by way of symphony, she
raised her eyes as if to ask for inspiration from on high.
\n an instant, her eountenance was lighted up, and there
hurst from her a gush of sweet sounds, so mellow, so
true, so plaintive, yet so |K)werful, that the most insensible
could not listen without visible emotion. For me, I was
entranced. All (wwer of motion was taken away from
me ; I tried to draw near to her, but could not — I was
H|)el|. bound, as if by the voice of an angel.
" Tlioro was no instantaneous burst of applause when
that sweet wild song ended. The cfTect produced by it
was beyond the compass of word*; it was felt, hut could
not be expressed. Men listened, as they are aecua-
lomed to do for tho echo that follows notes which come
lo Iheni over walur, and they seemed disappointed when
no echo was hoard ; but if an irmsistible impulse check-
ed llicin at first, u universal inurinur of delight gave
evidence, as soon as tlin charm had dissolved, lliat their
silcneo arose from intensity of admiration, and that
there is no tribute so pure, or so real, as that which
cannot >"< expressed. Charlotte appeared distressed by
tho very p. Ills which were intended to give her plea-
sine. She rose, blushing deeply, from her instrument,
and made us if she iiilendcd to cross llin saloon to a spot
whore a group of gay luun(^rt woro congre|[alod to-
the expression of my gaze might he, I knew not; doubt,
less it nas the same which had accompanied every
glance lliat I east upon her that night; but il produced
a vivid, and, as I could not but observe, a painful effect
upon her. Her colour fled, and she grew pale os death;
then again the blood rushed to her cheek with increased
violence ; her breathing beeaiiic suddenly interrupted,
and she staggered as if threatened with a. fit. I saw
her condition, and sprang forward to assist her; but be-
fore I could reach the spot, her solf-cnmmand had re-
lumed. ' I thank you,' said she, in a low tone, and with
a smile beautiful but melancholy : ' I am better now, it
was only a momentary faintness, occasioned by the beat
of the room. But how is it that voii keep so much apart?'
added she, speaking more easily, and resuming at once
her naturally cheerful manner: 'I have observed you
withdraw more than once, as if the fitiigue were too
great for you ; or it may be that you dislike dancing-
is it so?'
" ' No, no,' replied I hurriedly ; ' on the contrary, 1
delight in it; and as to my health, it never was inure
sound, nor were my spirit.i evirr higher. May I con.
vincu you of my tasto for dancing by requesting ihn
honour of your hand ? or ' and I was conscious, as
I uttered the last half of the sentence, that my tone of
voice, no less than my assumed gaiety, fell — ' is it
allowable in us, circumstanced as we are, lo dance
together ?"
" ' Oh, surely,' answered she calmly ; ' why not ? We
will lead oft' this dance, if you please, and you shall se-
lect the figure.'
" We did so ; but there was madness in the entire
proceeding, — glaring, palpable madness. We danced—
at least I danced — like one who knew not whether he
slept or were awake ; and more tliau nnce I blundered
in the very figure which I had myself consented to
choose. Our hands, as n matter of necessity, frequently
inci : as often as this occurred, a tin ill passed tlirougli
mo like n shock of electricity, and my very brain swain
confusedly. At last we gained the bottom of the set,
and she rallied ine, not however without a visible effort,
on my forget fulness. I tried to answer in lliu same
strain of badinage, but my efTorts proved unavailing;
and I felt that to remain where I was any longer, yet
retain my senses, was hopeless. I rose from the couch
on which we had sat down, and complaining of a sud-
den indisposition, prepoied lo wilhdruw. 'Good Uod!
then you ore really ill,' exclaimed she, in a voice full nf
emotion; ' und I have llioir;hllessly induced you lo uo
Ihut which has increased yjur indisposition.'
" ' Not so,' replied I, struggling hard to appear colm;
' it is a trifling headache, which a lew nionienis of quiet
will remove. I will retiie beyond the sound of music
fur u while, and icturn again when I feel lictler;' and I
walked away as I spoke. I opened llie diwr nf tho sn-
loon, but before I clll^'ed it again, looked round. She
stood as I hud quitted her, in an attitude nf anxiety niid
alarm : her eye had followed my moveinents, and no'w
il met mine, not designedly, but by iiistincl. Cod! what
a look was that! I felt it in my heart, my soul, my brain;
it stirred up thoughts, which, had they continued In
hum but a moment longer, must hF.ve driven me lo
insanity. I saw it ever after in my waking visions, and
in my sleeping dreams; at midnight and at noonday il
was equally before me. Yet what was the language
that it spoke ? 1 could not tell ; I did not dare to osk:
I read in it something which I desired lo road, yet
which, having road, I would liavo given worlds not to
have obsorvod. I ran with the step nf a maniac to ny
chamber; I closed the door, locking and bulling it as if
against Boiiio deadly enemy : and 1 revisited the acont
of festivity that night no more.
" It was lale on the following morning before th«
breakfast bell rang. On nlieying its summons. I found
that most of the guests of the pteooding evening were
gone, bul that several still remained. All appoorcd
Jaded as a matter of course ; a night of revelry soldoin
fails lo bring in n nioriiiiig of languor; bul on none hnd
faligiio produced so marked an enect as upon my ratlin
and his bride. The former, though iiinnifeslly sliiij,''
ijling to wear the smooth brow of one at peace with '
himself and with eveiy one around him, could not ol.
way* repress a frown which told a tale of iiilernal suf
Ibring either in body or mind; — the latter was dejocird,
thoughtful, silent, and uneasy,— and the more iineatr
as her efforts lo upjicar otherwise were loo pal|Hiblc In
uBonpo dvleclion, I hail done nothing to produce surh
efl^cts. No, no; if there wero other causes bosiilni
bodily fatigue fur the embarrassment which diiplayto
itself in
could p
science
at all, t
both av
mit?
and, hav
to conin
park.
"Wh
striking
that the
even again
an efTort
pressing it
some degri
ing comple
countenan
"The la
some houri
lotto, and I
one. Ho i
nance, whii
presaion of
hard to app
strove to lo(
ve;sation, I
and finally
Charlotte, i
tribuled to
almost as i
my liither a
other's soci
" For SOI
my thoughl
whither, w
pushing thi
my inothor.
ty of mann
sure that it
have produi
my seat at
spirit had b|
ing toward*
watching, ti
a hill ; and
BO far comn
appoored to
may easily 1
speak, great
her suLMi on
bestow upoi
tcresl.
" ' I am g
the same toi
upon the se
and exeellei
enccd, no du
fecial ion. 1
such aa to ir
like her. Si
of the kind ;
every posaib
THE fJENTJ.E RECRl'IT.
41
lught mine : what
I knew not ; doubt-
iccoinpanied every
It; liiit il produced
rvf, a painful effect
yrew pale as death;
leek with increased
Jdenlv interrupted,
with a. fit. I saw
I assist her ; but be-
f-coininand had re-
L low tone, and with
lorn better now, it
:asioncd by the licat
icepsoinurh apart!'
id resuming at once
have observed you
ic liiiigue were too
u di&liko (lancing ~
'on the contrary, I
, it never was mora
ighcr. May I con-
r by requesting ihn
I was conscious, ai
ice, that my tone of
gaiety, fell—' is it
» we are, to dance
ily ; 'why not? W»
sc, and you shall se-
idnoss in the entire
ness. We danced—
new not wlirthcr lie
BU once I blnndereil
myself consented to
necessity, frequently
Ihiill pas'sed Ihrougli
my very brain swam
le bottom of the set,
Ithout a visible effort,
answer in llio same
s proved unavailing;
I was any longer, yet
I rnso I'roiu the couch
ninpluining of a end-
Iraw. 'Good God!
^ in a voice full nf
nducod you to lio
[lo.-'ition.'
lard to appear calm;
w nioiiienls of quiet
the sound of music
feci licller;' and I
the dixir of the sn-
looked round. She
lude nf anxiily aiiil
inovoinents, and now
iistiiicl. Cod! what
my soul, my brnin;
they continued to
litvo driven me to
waking visions, and
it and at noojiday it
was the language
did not dare tu ask :
desired to road, ye*,
iven worlds not to
nf a maniac to i-\v
and bolting it as if
revisited the acont
morning before the
sumiiionR. I found
gding evening were
ned. All appeared
It of revelry seldom
but on none hud
t as upon my father
h iiianifeally striig-
Olio at peace wilh
him, could not al
lalo of internal suf
llultor was dejected,
the more imeaty
I'ro too paljmblv to
Ing to produce riirli
llier causes bosidni
lit which displajM
itself in the maimer of the ncw-married couple, no blame
could possibly attach to mo. Why then did my con-
science sting me 7 or rather, why did the suspicion arise
at all, that there were other causes besides that which
both avowed, and which all but myself appeared to ad-
mit ? 1 blushed internally as these questions occurred,
and, having hastily concluded my meal, 1 walked abroad
to commune with my own heart in the solitude ot the
park,
'•When 1 reached the house, the hall clock was
striking a third quarter ; and on looking up, I perceived
that the dinner hour wns close at hand. 1 hurried oft
to my own apartment ; but before I reached il, souiid.s
smote upon my ear, which caused me unconsciously to
stop. It was iiccessary, in order to reach my own, that
I should pass my fatiier's dressing room, the door ol
which happened to be njar. Heaven knows, there is no
eharaclcr so contemptible in my eyes as that of an eves-
dropper; nor am 1 conscbus that in taking the step
which I took then. I incurred the guilt— for guilt il
surely is— of seeking to pry into the secrets of others ;
but there was a magic in Charlotte's voice which I never
could resist. Its tones fell around me, and I paused to
diink them in, more gratefully than the wanderer in
the desert diiiiks from a well where no water was anti-
cipated. My feelings may be guessed at, when 1 dis-
covered that she spoke not in joy but in sorrow. The
words I could not overhear — I did not desire to overhear
them ; — but the tones wore those of deep distress — of
bitter heartfelt misery. Then came the sound of my
father's voice, stern, as I had been told it was when ad-
dressed to my mother. I could bear this no longer.
Plausible as ho was when strangers stood by, and
smooth and oily as his outward manner might bo, it
was evident, that in private he gave vent to his cruel
disposition, and that he exercised his cruelty upon his
bride. 1 felt every vein in my forehead and temples
swell, as the idea rose into my mind. I rushed forward,
a curse trembling u|>on my tongue, a curse directed
even against the author of my being, nor was it without
an effort almost supernatural that I succeeded in re-
pressing it. But I did suppress il. I even calmed in
' some degree the frenzy that raged within mo ; and hav-
ing completed my toilette, I descended with an unrutHed
countenance to the dining ruuin.
"The last of our party had taken their departure
some hours before, and we sat down, my fattier. Char-
lotto, and I, to a family meal. It was not a comfortable
one. He indeed had put on that rigidity of counter
nance, which he desired should be mistaken for an oX'
presainn of pertbct good humour; whilst 1 struggled
hard tn appear in my usual spirits; and even Charlotte
strove to look — what she felt not — liappy. Kut our con-
ve.'sation. Icing on all hands forced, soon became flat,
and finally died away into more questiijii uiid answer
Charlotte, indeed, coiiiph-iiied uf illness, which she at
tribuled to the exertions of last nighl, and quitted us
almost as soon as the cloth was withdrawn; and tlicii
my lather and I were loll to enjoy, as we might, each
other's society.
" For somo minutes neither party had spoken, and
my thoughts wcro beginning to wander 1 scarce knew
whither, when my father, after filling his glass, and
pushin;7 the bottle to iiic, desired to know how I liked
my mother-in-law. I do not believe that any peculiari-
ty of manner accompanied this question, — I am quite
■uro that it was a natural one, and one which ought to
have produced no sueh etVect u|ion me ; but I started in
my seat at tho words, and turned round, as if un evil
spirit had spoken. My father was not so much as look-
ing towards me: ho sat with his elbow upon tlin table,
watching, to all apjiearance, the sun, as ho sat lichind
a hill; and though n second or tAo elapsed ere I could
10 far command myself as to rejriy, he either took, or
appeared to take, no notice of my embarrassment. As
may easily bo iniagiiied, I expressed myself, when I did
■peak, greatly delighted with tho lady ; I passed u|iun
her such ordinary eulogiums as men aro accustomed tu
bestow upon women in whom they take no great in
tcred.
" ' I am glad you are (ilcasod with lior,' roplied he, in
tho same tone uf IndlHeieiico, and still gaxlng steadily
upon tho setting sun. ' Shu is un extremely amiable
and excellent person, somewhat young and inexpcri
cnccd, no duiibt; but perfectly free Iroiii dceeit and af-
foctatiun. Yet your maniier towards her has not been
such as to impress her with the belief that you really
like her. So she says iit least, fur I have seen nothing
of the kind; hut she cuiiipliiius that you shun her on
every possible occasion, and that if liy any accident you
cannot cffeel your escape, your uddiess is always formol,
and your air distant. Surely you are above the silly
Iceling which somelinies urycs men to be jealous ol
their tiilhcrs' wives.'
" He turned round as lie 8|Kjkc ; but llioiiirli I did my
best to rend his secret thniights, I could discover no-
thing in the glance of Ins eye beyond the expression
naturally connected with tlie subject of our conversation.
Ilelieved beyond measure nt this, 1 hastened to ussiure
him that no such paltry sentiments were encouraged by
me, and I strove to accimnl for a shyness, of which I
was too conscious to deny it, by reminding him of the
brief standing of our acquaintance, and llio peculiar cir-
cumstaii' J under which il commenced. All this seemed
to bo If .Ml lis I could have wished. Ho admitted that
our firs, inlorview was not sncli as to lead to an imnio-
diate intiinary, but hoped that lime would gradually
dispel every unpleasant association which that might
have produced, and that, before long, we should be on
the footing of easy familiarity which tho connection
subsisting between us demanded.
Besides,' continued he, 'you are so nearly of the
same age, that to treat one another wilh coldness or
excess of delcrence were ridiculous. i>lic must he to
you rather as a sister than a mother, — indeed, she ought
perhaps to have been your wife rather than mine.'
"I cannot tf l whether my own heart deceived mo,
but, as he uttered tlieso words, I fancied that 1 could
detect in the corner of his eye a lurking suspicion, the
more hideous as il was not intended to be seen. If I
was right, the expression lasted but for an instant, — so
abrupt indeed were both its coming and going, that
thought itself could hardly overtake it, — and then all
was again smooth and placid. The speech itself, how-
ever, was sufficient to embarrass mo, for I was at a loss
not only how to reply, but how lo understand il ; so I
stammered out something almut behaving on all occa-
sions to my father's wifu as her station in the family
required. My lather took no notice of llicso expressions.
He changed the subject, indeed, almost immediately ;
and the remainder of our tele-H-lele passed off as such
conferences were accustomed to do.
"1 know not why I have dwelt thus minutely upon
the occurrences which marked tho commencement of
Charlotte's and my acquaintance. In themselves, I am
aware that they possess few claims upon the notice of a
stranger; yet their influence upon mo was great and
lasting — so lasting, indeed, as to control my entire des-
tiny. They have left, too, an impression upon my mind
so de ji, that years will not suffice to blol it out, shoulil
years of a hated existence be forced upon me. But I
will strive to wiito more concisely hereafter : 1 will
dwell upon nothing which the nature of the task which
I have im|)uscd u|>uii myself will sutler me to puss by.
" Days, weeks', nay, months passc^d away witliout the
occurrciieo of any incident particularly deserving of no-
tice. For a time tlio course of gaiety in which he had
embarked, was pursued by my falher with sieady reso-
lution, and visits were f're(|ueiitly paid to our neighbours,
as lliey in their turn were frequently entertained at home.
But by degrees his old humour began again to obtain the
ascendency over him. His pride and ill-lmmour broke
out on more tlian one occasion, with a violence which no
equal could endure; and his neighbours, as a necessary
consequence, grew cold in civilities which seemed so
little valued, and were so thanklessly received. This
change on their |)art operated only to rouse the natural
implacability of his temper. A slight ottered or received,
sufficed to put an end at once to all farther intercourse
with the ollending party, no matter how gross and glaring
the provocation might be. In this luunner, first one,
then imotlier of our visiters fell oil', till was lel>
once more in the stale uf almosl total solitude which for
merly distinguished il.
" In proiH>rtiun as this state of things attained its cli-
max, iny lather's retired and unsocial habits resumed
tlieir aseendoney over himself. His voice recovered its
natural tones ; ho rarely spoke except in anger, or which
was infinitely worse, in bitter raillery, 'llio society of
his wife apjK'ared to |iossess no charms for him, and mine
he rather Hhunned than courted. We never saw him,
indeed, except at meals, for his mornings were B|H'iit con-
stantly in the library, and he retired thither again as soon
as the dinner ended ; and as In any act of kindness or at-
leiilion, neither the one nor the oilier received such nt
his hands. I need not after this observe that the feeling
so np|His('d to love, which I had struggled tu subdue,
again op|iiesscd mu as often as a 'houglil of my father
(K'cnrrcd ; whilst jioor Charlotte's ilrcau of him tweaiiic
before long too conspicuous to be coneenled.
" The conscqucuco of all this was, that she and I were
thrown continually upon one another I'or i-oeiely, for con-
solation, I had almost said for support; whilst llie reserve
which had hitherto subsisted between us melted gra-
dually away.
" instead of separating for the rest of the moniing, as
we had been accustomed to do nt the brcakfiist table, wo
found ourselves occupying llie :i;.iiic apaitinent — she
busied with her needle or lier pc iieil, iind I reading aloud
the work of some author equally a favourite witii both.
Then came the time of exercise ; and our walks, our
rides, our drives, were felt to possess many additional at-
tractions, now that they were taken, not separately, but
tegelhcr. Music, too, lent its powerful attractions. Our
tastes here, as in literature, accorded ; and the songs
which she sang with the liveliest satislaelioii to herself,
were listened to by me with a feeling loo deep even ibr
tears. Need I say how all this ended ? Wedded to one
whom she had never loved, whose years alone had been
sulficienl obstacle lo a union so revolting, and treated,
even within a few months from her bridal day, not with
indifference only, but with liarshiicss and brutality ; can
il be wondered at, if she unconsciously gave to another
that which was no longer hers lo give ? No ; even
though that other was the son of her husband, and, as a
necessary consequence, a being from whom she wos di-
vided by a gulf never lo be passed — who can blame her?
She but obeyed the impulses which nature has implanted
in every bosom ; and obeying them without a conscious-
ness of the results to which they lead, she was innocent.
Bu. for me — no such excuse was mine. I sav the chasm
before mc — plainly, clearly, saw it. I knew even from
the first, that to remain near her, yet retain the mastery
over myself, was impossible. Then why did I not leave
her ? Why did I not abandon my home for ever '. — a
home which till she entered il, possessed no attractions,
and which now thai she was there, ought to have been
regarded with horror. I cannot answer these questions.
There was a spell uiwn me, which drove me on, wilh
eyes open and senses wide awake, into the abyss that
some power higher than my own will had prepared for
mc ; and I followed its impulse, like a sheep led to the
slaughter, without so much as making one struggle to
resist it.
" In this manner the remaining portion of summer
rolled on, and autumn came in, with all liis variegated
hues ond sombre rtauty. How delicious were the walks
which we took at that glorious season, amidst groves dark
with decaying foliage ! How soothing were the momrnlft
which we s|)enl under some tall beech, or umbrageous
elm, whilst the dead leaves shaken from the branches at
every breath, fell one by one at oiu I'eet ! True, the
thought of parting came but too frequently into our
minds', for the period of my sojourn at lioine was draw-
ing rapidly to a close ; but the parting hour was yet by
several weeks distant; and when did young heart, learn
to anticipate distress? Never: at those blessed moments,
(lor blessed 1 must still regard them,) every thing was
Ibrgotten beyond the events of the passing hour. Yet
let me not be misunderstood. Never had there passed
between us m\t word, one syllable, one allusion which
the angels of light would have blushed to witness. Our
love, if such it must be called, was wholly unmixed with
every earthly and deba.-ing passion. She was to me an
object of adoration — an idol — to lie gazed upon in holy
rapture, but with a rupUire sanelilied by the most pro-
foimd respect; whilst to her, I was as the linilher of her
afl'ections — tlu' friend on whom alone she leaned for aid
in her ditlieulties, and consolation in her griefs. Could
there be auglil impure in the intercourse of persons ac-
tuated by ihesc Henliments, and these only ? Why was
was it, then, that such moments never iailed lo bring in
tlieir train, hours of agony and remorse ?
" Tho fatal (leriod, so often thought of, and to ,vliieh
every allusion had been, as it were studiously avoided,
eaiiic at last. The middle of October arrived, and brought
with it the necessity for my immediate iibundonment of
and return to college. For some days previously,
our intercourse, though not less constjint than before, had
been accompanied with a degree of restraint perfectly
novel. The truth is, that we were equally desirous (if
hiding the sorrow of which both were equally conscious,
ond tlic effort necessary to ensure success, caused us to
apiwar strange in each other's eyes. But the attempt,
though nobly mnde, and for a while steadily |H'rscverod
in, proved ultiiiiutely useless. Feeling, if it be really
strong, will break through every restraint liotli of pru-
dence and duty ; and ours were fur too iin|K'tuoua not to
sweep all such barriers before them.
" It was now the day preceding that which had Iwcii
fixed for the commrncemeiit of my journey. It waa
Suiiday.too— that day of holy ro»t, which in the country,
•M
m
f:
'*'■' iiT
'V>»j',
ri'i
■ Hi
it
■I I'
i 'f.
42
THE cicntm: recruit.
at luast, never dawns witlio ut bringing a blessing along jevery trace of (oars from her cheeks ; and onee more
'C
1' iV' .
with it both u|)on man and beast ; and Charlotte and my-
Kelt', according to our invariable practice, attended divine
service togctlier. .My tiitlu'r was not of the party ; in-
deed, many years had elapsed since he last beheld the
interior of a church, of which, and of the clergy, it was
too much his custom, if he sjioiic at all, to sjieak in terms
of contempt
" Not at any moment of my life was I conscious of
devotional feelings deeper or more engrossing than came
over me on tliis occasion. I prayed, I say not fervently,
hut bitterly ; the very tears made their way through the
hands in which my face was buried ; my whole soul
seemed abstracted from earthly considerations, and even
Charlotte was, for a time, forgotten. How she was af-
fected I know not ; for, from the commcnccruent of tlie
service to its close, I never once beheld her, so entirely
was my attention given up to the solemn business in
which I was engaged.
" We did not return home as soon as the service con-
cluded ; but Charlotte passing her arm through mine, we
sauntered on towards our favourite retreat in the beech-
wood. We sat down as usual, just within the shelter of
the grove, on a mound from whence a view of the whole
landsca|)e could be obtained, whilst we were ourselves
concealed from observation. The day was beautifully
mild and serene ; there was not a cloud in the sky, nor
a breath of air astir sufficiently violent to shake a witli-
ercd leaf from its stiim. A universal silence was around
us, broken only by the full, clear, and melodious notes of
a thrush, which poured, from a brake hard by, a torrent
of natural music. We looked abroad, too, upon a scene
of no ordinary bisauty — upon herds of deer quietly graz-
ing — upon the modest church, more than half concealed
in the grove that encircled it — upon hamlets, villages,
and solitary cottages, reposing in the sanctity of the sab-
bath ; but of hinnun beings not a trace could be discerned.
There was soTuething iu this perfect solitude particularly
atfeeting to persons in our situation : we did not inter-
rupt it by any attempt at conversation, to whicli we felt
ourselves quite unequal, but sat in silence, whilst visions
the most melancholy passeil over our minds, like the
shadows of clouds on a sununer's day over tlic side of a
hill.
" At last, the gradual inclination of the sun towar<ls the
west, warned us tliat it was time tD*|uit the spot. We
rose as if by connnon consent, to obey the impulse, just
as his disk reached the horizon ; and we stood motionless
xvhilst it sank lower and lower, till it wholly disappeared.
It was then that for the first time I ventured to speak ;
what I said I know not; I believe it was some connnon-
place remark, such as the circumstances of the ease call-
ed forth, — as that I should l«^ far away when next shir
licheld the sun set, or something to that purport ; but it
.appeared as if the tones of my voice were alone required
to break the spell which had so long bound us, and to
cause the feelings of both, hifhiirto painfully repressed, to
<»verHow. (Charlotte burst into tears. Instinctively I
threw my arm round her waist — a movement which she
sought not to prevent, and then she laiii her head upon
my shoulder and wept bitterly. I eamiot pretend to de-
scribe wilt I felt at that moment ; I could not speak
CDiuforl to her, for my own tears choked my utterance ;
hut 1 pres.icil hiT to my hi;art, as if it were there, and
there only, that .■<he nmst read the secret which my lips
refused lo re\eal.
" We stood thus for ::everal moments; not a sentence
liad been spoken by either, thnugh liutli were ton fully
aware of the issue to which matters had been driven ;
when Charlotte, by a desperate elVorl, eliieked her weep,
ing, and riusing her lirad triini my shonliler, proposed
that we should return home. I obeyed without hirsita-
(ion, and giving her i;iy arm, wr set tiirward in the di.
reclioii of the house. We had just cleared the wood,
when, happening to look back, 1 perceived the figure of
a man passing with iipparent <'aiitioii to the right, — and
a single glniier served to eonviifte iiic tliat it was my
lather. A horrible enns<riou»iiess slrueU at once to my
heart. I permitted Cliurlotle's arm to drop from mine,
my senses all hut forsook ine, and it was not witlio'itdilll-
ru'lty that I prevented myself troiii falling to the ground.
Alarmed at my eoiidilion, though ignorant of its cause,
she shrieked aloud, ami addressid to me iu her agony,
terms sneh as she ought never to have employed, nor I
|>ermitted. '1'Ih' words, not less than the manner of the
■IKMiker, ri'stored to- \w at once my self-eommnnd. T
jtereeived that she had not observed the spectacle wliieli
iiad so dreadfully sJKwkrd me ; and determined not to
distress her by any intimation of the truth, I pretended
thiU a sudden di/./.iness liiid coine over me, to which 1
WM occasionally subject. I then urged her to clear away
taking her arm in mine, led her, at a quick pace, to the
liouse.
" We parted in the hall, ('Imrlotte going to the draw-
ing room, whilst I hurried oH' to my own apartment, to
indulge in a train of ideas more hideous than hail ever
yet entered into my mind. Could it be that my fiitlier
entertained any suspicion of my honour, or his wife's
fidelity ? Could he act the part of a spy u|)qii us, all the
while that he pretended to desire our intimacy ? Above
all, was it possible for him to have witnessed all that
passed in the beech-wood ? \Vliat then I Had we been
guilty of any deed, or s|)okcn a single word, of which
there was real cause to be ashamed / No ! Whatever
our feelings might have been, at least they were not dis-
closed; and the embrace, — was it more than the peculiar
circumstances in which we stood authorised .' Had I
done aught besides what was enjoined upon me, in he
having towards (,'harlotte as a brother, and a friend .'
\nd was it not natural, on the eve of parting, that we
should exhibit some such proofs that we looked lorward
lo the separation with regret ! .\ll these questions I
strove to answer to my own satisfaction ; but there was
a fiend in the back ground which eoiitinually reminded
me, that the answers, though true in letter, were false in
pirit. How conscience does make cowards of us ! Had
tny own heart been able to acquit me, there would have
been nothing in inture besides capable of stirring up one
painful rcHection ; but my heart did not aeiiuit me, and
all iiiy anticipation.^ were, in consequence, terrible. I
thought of the injury I had done, and of its [trobable
punishment — a punishment to be poured out not upon
me alone, for that I could have borne, but uiwn one dearer
to me than life — to secure whose happiness I would have
been content to sacrifice not only present peace, but eter-
nity itself I thought of Charlotte, not merely neglected
and occasionally chid, as was her fiite now ; but upbraid-
ed, insulted, disgraced, turned out u|>on a eold world,
with a re|)utatioii blasted, and a broken liiart, whilst I,
the miserable cause of all this, could not otter to her so
much as the last refuge of the guilty and the desperate.
Madilened with 'lie horrid picture, 1 threw myself with
iny face upon the bed, my whole frame shaking in con-
vulsive ogony, till the sw-eat-drops s'ood upon my brow
liktr dew, and my brain burned as if it had Iwen on fire.
" l{y degrees, however, hope, that inextinguishable
principle in minds not utterly seared, began to exert its
influence. There were no proofs before me, either that
iiiy father was really suspicious, or that, being so, he had
watched our proceedings ; still less had coiielusive evi-
dence appeared, that our proceedings on that day were
observed. At the moment when I saw him, he was too
liir removed from the spot where we had sat, to overhear
our conversation, had such passed between us ; and the
shape of the wood was, I I'elt confident, such, as to screen
our very figures from his observation. Should the ciLse
be so, tiien all might yet bo well, and 1 should leave
Charlotti! exposed to no greater risks and miseries than
were already about her. Hut should it not, — I would
not receive! that imiiression again. There was some-
thing within, which whisin'red tliat all could not be lost.
We were not sullieiently guilty to merit utter perdition ;
and Heaven was too just to destroy on aicouiitof errors
purely iiivoliiutaiy, and only of the mind. No, no; my tears
iiud been too excessive, and I did wrong to iiiliilge
tlieni. At all events, there was no advantage to be de-
rived from the aiilieipa^ivi of evil ; of the coining of
which, if it were to com', f should sikiu receive tokens
not to bo misunderstood ; so 1 determined to eoiiiiiiand
mysell", and to be guided in my judgment of what was
lilii'ly (o tall out, by the behaviour of my (iillier when
we met.
" 'I'hus reasoning, I made Inisti) to change my dress,
id deseended lollie ilining r lom. Just a:: I reurlied
the door of his apartment, my tiither eanie tiirth, and 1
llmnil, that howi'ver sturdy resolutions may be whilst the
necessity of acting up to them is remote, they hold bill
an insecure ground if suddenly put to the test. .My
heart U'at <pitek, and I would have passed on ; but he
poke, and iigilatid as 1 was, 1 retained my senses sulli-
eiently aliout me to he aware that the moment of trial
hail arrived — 1 stopiM'd. His olisi'rvalion was one of or-
liiiary salutation merely. He hoped that I hail h;iil a
pliasant walk — said that the sun set benutifully, and pre-
dieteil an agreeable day fiir my journey on the iiimrow ;
and he did so iu a tone |H'rfi'etly calm and iiiitural : in-
leed, if any thing, with more of kindness in it lliiiii lie
had of late eared to show. I it It as if a mountain had
lecn reiiioveil I'roiii iny ehesi, 1 breathed again. I was
like a person to whom liberty is unexpeetedly ri'itored, —
like a criiiiinoJ reprieved on the very sealVuld. Hojio for
once had not deeeivi'd me ; and my suspicions wer?
proved to be groundless. With a light step and a joyous
countenance, 1 eontiuHcd n.y course to the dining-room ;
and 1 sat down to table a happier man than 1 had btin
during many weeks before.
" .Moods of the mind, whether gay or melancholy ,• arc
surely inl'ectious, where persons who take a real i^itores*
in each other's welliire are met together. Wc had no<
long been seated, when the dejection which atfirst mark'
ed Charlotte's air, gradually cleared away, and she joiniid
eheerfully in the conversation, of which I was the prime
mover and the chief supiwrter. My father, too, seem-
ed to have laid aside for a time his constitutional coldness,
that he might make the last evening of my sojourn an
agreeable one ; indeed so att'ectionate was his manner to-
wards both (Charlotte and myjelf, that had I not been
under the intluence of fiilse excitement, that very atTec-
tion would have stung me to the quick. I was, how-
ever, too happy in the disqpvery that my fears were
without foundation, to |K-rinitany consideration of minor
moment to rutHo me ; and hence I acted and spoke, not
like one about to quit a place endearedtohiniby themost
tender associations, but os if the journey to be taken
were one of pleasure. My father rallied me in this ;
Charlotte, too, threw out some hints which I could not
misunderstand ; — but I answered both in the same tone
of levity, and then changed tlie subject. That the ex-
citement might not abate, I drank wine profiisely ; and
my iiither, though usually abstemious, encouraged nie in
so doing by imitating my example. By and by, Char-
lotte quitted us. There vvas a slight flutter of the pulse
as the door closed after her, — a slight sense of apprehen-
sion, that a second trial was at hand ; but nothing what-
ever occurring to justify the suspicion, I again beeanio
re-assured ; and we again plied the bottle, till I certainly,
and my tiither, to all appearance, became eonsiderably
enlivened. But we broke up from our orgic at last, and
following Charlotte to the saloon, the rest of (he evening
was sjiciit in listening to Handel's exquisite music, ren-
dered doubly sublime by being expressed in the tones of
a voice to which those of the seraphim were harsh and
hiharmonious.
It was drawing late, and all appeared to feel tJiat
the parting moment vyas coiuc ; for it was necessary for
me to set out at an hour when few even of the do-
niestios would he stirring. I did my best to appear
calm ; I even strove to keep uj) the gaiety of countenance
which during the last hour or two had been worn in
mockery of a heavy heart. Charlotte likewise struggled
hard to repress her grief; and she succeeded so well,
that not a tear burst from the lids, beneath which a tor-
rent lay imprisoned. My father was the first to speak,
'(loiid night, Charles,' said he, holding out his hand;
here is nothing to be gained by prolonging a scene
like this. I'art we must ; and though it be for a short
time, to part is never agreeable. Go, kiss your mother —
pooh — pooh — kiss C'harlolte, and tell her not to break
lier heart, for you will return to us at ('hristmas.'
" I had replied to the scpieeze of his hand, and was
preparing to salute Charlotte, when the latter part
of his speech attracted my notice. It had never been
customary for ine to visit home during any of the shorter
vacations. 'I'hi'se I usually spent eitlier in Cambridge,
or ill town, or with some of my college friends, wliofi'
residences weri^ not so remote as mine from the seat of
learning; and the invitation to deviate now from an es-
tablished practice, could not hut forcibly strike me. I
looked at my li tlier suspiciously, but there was on air of
absolute frankness alKiut him which fully satisfied me
that the invitation was not given invidiously. Still I
hesitated how to answer him. (iod knows, my inclina-
tions were not iloublful ; linil I ai:ted as they |Kiinted
out, I should have at once eloseil with the pro|H)sitioii,
no matter how pregnant « ith iniseliief ; hut there was
an apprehension, suggested by conscience alone, lest my
mot Ives might be read, wliieli caused me (o apfiear uii-
dei'lded, if I really was not so.
" ' Viiu do not mean to deny as the pleasure of your
eoinpnny at Christmas /' asked my Hither ; ' I am sure
Isitli Cherlotle and I shall mope to death till we see yoii
again. Try, my love, try your inthienre with Ihistruaiil,
who seeiiis to quit his home witli smiles, and looks lor-
ward to his return with tears.'
" Charlotte spoke. Her words were pronounced with
lillieulty, and ilie tone of her voice was low and plain-
tive; but it |H'iieliali'd to my very heart, and put in
jeiqiiirdy all my aililieial eomposiire. ' Yfiii will not
reject your father's invitation V saiil she : ' (or my saki',
not less ihiiii Ills, do not rel'use him what he asks.' It
was not witliniit » desperate eH'cat that I ri'straiiied my
sell i but 1 did rcjiraiu myself so far as to reply, in a
THE GENTLE REfltlflT.
43
ny 8U8|>icioii8 were
lit Btep and a joyous
to tliv diniiig-rooni ;
on than 1 had btin
y or melancholy, arc
^ take a real hiteres*
■tlicr. We had no*
I which atfirst mark-
iway, and she joined
ich I was the prime
y father, too, seem-
iistitutional coldncsM,
^ of my sojourn an
I was his manner to-
ihat had I not been
cnt, that very affcc-
[uiek. I was, Iiow-
that my fears were
insidcration of minor
leted and spoke, not
■ed to him by the most
jonrney to be taken
rallied me in this;
a wliieh I could not
ith in the same tone
lyeet. That the ex-
vine profusely ; and
IS, encouraged me in
By and by, Cliar-
t flutter of the pulse
lit sense of apprehen-
I ; but nothing wliat-
nn, I again became
jottle, tii'l I ci'rtainly,
liecaine considerably
our orgic at last, and
,e rest of Vhe evening
xquisite music, reii-
cssed in the tones of
lim were harsh and
ppearcd to feel tliaf
it was necessary for
I few even of the do-
my best to appear
aiety of countenance
had been worn in
likewise struggled
succeeded so well,
ncath which a tor-
tile first to speak,
g out his hand;
prolonging a scene
gli it bo for a short
kiss your mother —
her not to break
Christmas.'
his hand, and wiis
the latter part
It had never been
ig any of the shorter
ther in Cambridge,
ge friends, whoi^e
nu from the seat of
le now from an uh-
eibly strike nic. I
there was an air of
fully satisfied me
vidiciusly. Still 1
knows, my inelina-
ed as they |Miiiited
III the pro|H>sitioii,
icf; but there wn«
enre olone, lest my
me to apiR'ar uii-
X-
ilii
i
pleasure of your
Jitlier ; ' I nin sure
|uth till we see you
' with llilstruaul,
liles, and looks tor-
' pronnimeed with
Ivus low and plniii-
|ieart, nnd put in
' You will not
|lie : * liir my snki',
vhul he asks.' Il
|t I leslruiiied my
■ aa to reply, in »
tone meant to lie that of inditlereiice, that ogainst such
entreaties I could not think of standing out. 1 felt,
however, that to dissemble much longer would be impos.
Fible. I accordingly took her hand, imprinted upon her
cheek a cold, formal kiss, then snatching up my candle,
hurried away to the privacy of my own apartment.
" I need not say that to me that was a night of intense
and overivhelming misery. The sti^is wliich I had
taken to supimrt my courage, however etl'eetual tliey
might have been at tlic moinent, told, now that 1 was
alone, fearfully .iirainst me ; fortlio e.vcitcment produced
by wine soon evaporated, and Icit me more than ever a
prey to desponileiiey and self reproach. I could not lie
down; I did not so much as think of undressing ; but,
with a brain distracted by a thousand tearful forebodings,
and a fever raging through every vein, paced my cham-
ber backwards and forwards, with the step of a luaniac.
Yet the images which passed through my mind that
night, left no marked or definite form lioliiiid them. I
bi'lieve indeed that they were too wild to assume a defi-
nite form, — that they were rather the shadows of terri-
ble ideas, than ideas themselves,— vague, indislinot, un-
certain, pointing to nothing tangible, nor resting u|)on
any palpabk; foundation, but painful as the operations of
a confused dream, when nothing more is remembered
than that it was the source of exquisite distress. The
truth is, tliat though conscience might have told a hide-
ous tale, I was not sullieiently brave to let her voice be
heard. Had I possessed courage enough, or candour
enough, to listen tr that monitor, the cause of my agony
would have been at once displayed, and possilily all that
followed might have been avoided ; but I closed my ears
against a warning note, which would have smindnd har.sli-
ly in proportion to its truth, ali^ I have paid the full
penalty of my own weakness,
" I pass over the events which iinmediately followed,
partly because I myself retain of them but an indistinct
recollection, and partly because, were the case otherwise,
the detail could e.xcite no interest in the mind of a straii
ger. fjCt it sutHcc to state, that morning found me thus
occupied, not a siiigk^ preparation having Ik'cu made for
iny journey, and that when the arrival of the carriage
was announced, I only began to take steps, which under
other circumstances would have liecn taken iiioiiy hours
Iwfore. Notwithstanding the delay thus occasioned,
however, 1 saw nothing eitluir of my father or Charlotte.
I think their usual hour of descending to tlie breaktiist-
room had arrived previous to my dc^iarlure, — I am
almost confirlcnt that it had ; yet they made not their ap-
peariince, and the very shutters of their apartments re
iiiaiiied closed as I passed under them. 1 did not look
np again ; on the contrary, I threw myself back in the
rlviise with the firm determination of forc:iiig my
llinughts into another channel : — how far 1 succeeded
need not In? told.
" At noon on the following day, I readied Cambridge ;
but how changed in every resjieet since last I traversed
its venerable streets ! I had lieeii an enthusiast once in
the studies of the place ; I liad aspired to the attainment
iif neadeiiiie honours, and Wiis not vs'ithout a hope of suc-
eeediiig to the utmost; whilst at the same time no man
ever entered more freely into the gaieties, nor enjoyed
more heartily the society of his fellow-students. Now I
loathed tlicm all: my books were neglected; my friends
were nvoide.il ; I shut myself up in my chambers, a
gloomy and diseonteiiled wretch, that I might ponder in
solitude u|)on the single and horrible idea which began
almut this time to take possession of my mind.
" Tiiere are few ancient houses which have not a tra-
ditionary saying handed down from generation to gene.
Mtic.ii, with which, in some way or other, the fate of the
race is sup|)osed to Is' eomieelid. As I havt^ already
slaleil, ours was one of the oldest lliniilies in th,^ north
lit' I'nglcind, as il had liirmerly Iwcn one of the most
powerful; and we were not without our ominous pro.
pliecy, though when, or iu> what oecasioii s|H)keii, I
never heard. Voii must know that we JM'ar as a device
upon our shield, three young falcons, with a faleoii like-
wise lor our crest. Whether the rhyme has lelirenee
to these circumstances, no one presumed to sny ; but
there was a distieh well-known in the fuinily, whieli ob-
t.nned an increased importani^c in conscqueiiee of the
eoiiieideiire, and wlii<'li was supposed to forebode, that
lit some period or other, the house of would be-
eouie violently extinel. It was this i
* 'rill* of vn\ rne the Imur,
When Its* xitiniu liiiwlf liurrles il-e iihl h:iwk'ii Iiowit.'
"I have said that this venerahli- distieh was well-
known to every member of the family. It had been re-
IM'nleil to me a hundred times, at least, by my nurse;
and even my father, during an occasional gleam of ^oo(^
humour, had more than once alluded to it ; but, as may
well be believed, it never made upon me a greater im-
pression than any other couplet of similar import and
anti<|uity. Now, however, the case was difierent. I be-
gan to "see it in the propheti(! character which had all
along been allixcd to it by others. I took particular no-
tice of its fitness, with relcrcncc to the armorial bearings
of the house; and as the allusion could hardly be to an
ordinary sjioliation, iiiy excited imagination was not
slow ill (liscoverhig another and more apt point of ten-
dency. To speak out at once, — I fancied that the day
of our house's downfall had come, — that I was the mis-
creant by whose sacrilegious means its ruin was to he
etlected, — that I had already harried the nest of my fa-
ther, by stealing away the atrections of his wife, and that
the |)enulty threatened would not fail to he exacted. No
language would do justice to the effect produced upon
me by this hideous conviction. I have sat motionless
during an entire morning, ruminating upon the prophe-
cy till all liiilli in the power of my own will to regulate
my actions vanished; and I h.ive risen, not furious, nor
even excited, but calmly and deliberately convinced, that
there was a path before me in which 1 could not avoid
to walk, though the precipice to which it conducted was
not for iui instant concealed.
" It was not custoniary between my father and my
self to keep up any frc(|ueiit or regular epistolary com
munication. In case either (larty had business to trim
saet with the other, then indeed the usual silence was
broken ; hut letters of afi'ection merely had never passed
between us, from the hour at wliich I first (piittcd home
for school. Under these circumstances, I had no right
to expect thiit any notice of what might Ik; passing at
Wfmld be transmitted to me ; and as often as I
|K'rmitted sober reason to exert her jiower, tiiis truth
failed not to come conspicuously into view. Kut sober
reason possesses but a very interrupted, as well as feeble
influcuee, over a mind engrossed by one tumultuous and
fatal passion. Morning after morning I examined iiiy
breakfiist-table for that which was not, and ought not to
have been looked for there ; and on each occasion 1 felt
as if some serious injury had been done, such as I was
justified in desiring to revenge. In short, I ceased
cither to think or act like a man in his senses, — I be-
came, to all intents and purposes, insane.
" Slowly and drearily the time rolled on ; but, slow
and dreary as was its progress, it drew gradually to a
close. It was now that a wild joy, scarcely more en-
durable than the <les|)air which preceded it, began to as-
sert its supremacy over me. In a few days more I
should he again an inhabitant of the same dwelling with
her to whom I felt myself bound by ties stronger tlian
any human connection acknowledges ; and what to me
was every considerution besides .' I was no longer
master of myself. The subject of a prophecy — marked
out by destiny itself for one particul.ir course — how was
it possible for nie to avoid iiiy liite ? and though that fate
should envelope in it the .ultimate misery both of myself
and those most dcmr to nie, how was I answerable?
Such were the strange thoughts which pressed them-
selves upon me with an energy not to be resisted, ami
such the frame of mind into which I had fiilleii, when I
oiiec more quitted tlie university for the place of my
birth.
" It was a clear frosty morning, the sun was shining
brightly, and the earth, covered with a coat of hard crisp
snow, WHS glittering as if overspread with diamonds,
when I arrived at Ihc^ well-remembered lodge. The
gate was o|H;ned, as it had been before, by the pretty
country girl, who, as formerly, drop|)cd me her neatest
curtsey ns the carriage rolled through ; nor could my
eye discover any alteration in the form and as|H)ct of
things arounil, greater than the change of season was
ealeiilated to produce. There .was aiinielliing salistaelo-
ry ill this; why I knew not ; but as the piislilioii drove
at the full speed of his horses, though even then at a
pace tedious nnd wearisome to my impatieiiee, I felt as
composed nnd happy as a iiniii can be under such eireuni-
staiiec's, Ity niiil by, t\n; wicket was passed nnd the
turning iiinde, and 1 was once more in tVoiit of the home
of my liitherH. It was now for the first time, when the
sound of the hell smote upon my ear, that my heart fliit-
leic'd violently ; indeed, so great was my iigitaticm, that,
after the door had been opened and tlic^ steps let down, 1
tlniiid eonsid. Table diHieiilty in alighting, I exerted
niysidl", however, strenuously to hide this agitation, and
strove to assume, ns I pioei/eded, an air id'extreme com-
posure, with so much success tlial the iK'euliar expres.
sioii of the servant's countenance ns he looked me in the
face, though noticed plainly enough, did not disvompoBe
me.
" ' Your ma.ster and mistress are well, I hojie ?' said
I, in what I meant to be n careless tone.
" ' Aty master is well, sir,' saiil the man, ' but —
" ' Hut what /' exel.'iimed I, forgetting in a moment
tho resolution which I had just formed. ' Speak out,
man, at once — your mistress — '
" 'lias been extremely ill for some weeks past,' repli-
ed he, 'and is now, 1 fear, at the (Kiint of dealii.'
" I heard no more. 1 threw my hat upon the table,
and brushing past the servant, ran with the speed of
thought up stairs. In an instant I was ut the dtor of
her apartment: it was ajar; and without considering the
eonseqiu'nces which might accrue, I pushed it open.
There was no attendant in waiting. The curtains were
drawn closely round the bed ; and the blinds let down,
with the shutters half closed, threw a dismal light over
the chamber. There was a dull noise, too, ns of one
who breathed with difficulty or in a slumber; and a
slight movement of the iM'd-elothes served to indicate
that tho former, not the latter, was the cause. Madden-
ed with apprehensions, I knew not of what, I hastily
pulled back the hangings : it was a desperate deed, and
desperately done ; but it roused the suftiTcr from her le-
thargy. She opened her eyes, they fell ii))on my coun-
tenance, and I was immediately recognised. One shriek
fold this — a shriek shrill, loud, terrible ; — there was an
eftort, too, to rise — a movement as if to meet the em-
brace which was offered, hut it failed. Before lay ex-
tendeil arms could reach her, she fell back upon the
pillow — she was dead.
" I saw this, yet I saw it with eyes dry as they are
now. I looked uihhi her pale, smooth forehead, beauti-
ful even in death ; yet not a drop fell from my burning
balls ; — and I kissed her cold lips, calmly, as I would
have kissed the block of marble. I had no power to
weep; but, had the ease been otherwise, the fountain of
my tears would have liecn instantly congealed by the
scene which followed. I was gazing upon the wreck of
all that once was lovely ond loveable, when a hand laid
roughly upon my shoulder, caused me to turn round.
My father stood beside me. 'I'hcre was an expression
in his face of every evil passion by which the human
heart is capable of being wrung; — hatred, malice, pride,
fury, — triumph likewise, hellish triumph, was in his eye,
as he looked sometimes nt the corpse of his wife, and
sometimes at his son.
" 'Wretch I' said he nt last, 'behold thy handy work!
liook at that frail but beautiful image, and know that
thy villany has wrought this deed — thy villany, 1 say —
thine ! Think you that I could not see through the
flimsy disguise with which you sought to blind me ?
Think you that my eye was not u))on you in all yonr
lonely walks and secret meetings? Have I not witness-
ed your warm embraciiigs, heard your protestations,
watched your very looks, read your very thoughts I
Villain I traitor ! miscreant ! begone. Quit my presence
for ever; and may the curse of a father weigh uiwii your
spirit, fillet drag you to the earth I'
" There was a spell upon iiic which I could not riwist
even for n nioment. I heard him out — 1 heard him
pronoiinee a sjjntence which I felt to be just, — and I saw
that fate had accomplished its purpose. Witli a deliberate
step, I ipiitled the ehamlK'r of the dead. I s|M)ke to no
one, but, hurrying from the house, beeame from that hour
a wanderer and an outcast. I would have committed
suicide, had I possessed the jiowcr ; but on more occasions
than one I flnind, flint the power to die, at least by my
own hand, was denied me. In this plight, 1 wandered from
place to place, sleeping under sheds nnd in barns, hut
shumiing as miieh ns possible every inhabited s|K)t, till
ehnnee, or the liitalily which has guided me from my
birth, brought me to Itrnebiirn ,I,ees. I had been then
for several weeks a vngabond ; my money was ex|K'iided;
and even my clothes had been in port disisised of, to
procure the means of subsistence ; when the idea of en-
listing as a eomiiion soldier occurred to me. I olicycd
it ; and with the eonscqiieiices which have followed, yon
arc already aeipiainfed."
CIIAI'TER V.
The lust glenm of daylight served only to render thn
characters of this mamiseript visible, and I departed
almost IIS soon as I had finished flit! perusal. I Iravn
ymi to judge of the effect which that |>eriisal produced
ii|ioii me. If I felt interest*'<l in the liitc of the unhappy
youth iK'f'ore, my interest was now increased a hundreil
liild; and I rose from the ground fully lient U|H)n saving
him from the degradation of the lash, at all haatards. I de-
termined, indeed, should other measures fliil, to put tho
manmcript itself into liic handi of lho*fcorfloi»ndinff
■It
M
1^13
n''.
,. f M ■«
':^
44
THi: GKNTI E HKCRUIT.
1
II
officer, wlio could not jjosscsb tlic coinincu ficliiiga of a
jiiaii, yet inflict so dcbasinrf a punishment upon the
writer. Full of this notion, I made all haste to the can-
tonments; and I reached them just in time to ascertain,
that the colonel had set out an hour before upon a visit
to General Oraufuril, and that lie was not expected to re-
turn before mi'Jnifjht.
It was with a sensation of no ordinary disappointment,
that I turned my back from his quarters.
My first idea was to sit up till he shoulil return, and tlicn
at every risk to I'orcc my way into his presence, and plead
the youngf man's cause vehemently, as I felt it. But a
minute'.s reHection served to convmee me, that with a
man of his temperament, such a course, so I'ar from be-
ing productive of good, would only bring about inuch
evil. 'I'liat he would refuse to listen to my story, 1 knew
the individual too well iiU to believe ; or if he did listen,
it would be in that iVanie of mind to which a man gives
way, when, having made up his mind how to act, he
nevertheless consents to hear thy justice of his decision
denied, or its policy called in question. That scheme
was therefore abandoned almost as soon as it had been
formed. Hut, between it and permitting things to take
their course, one only alternative remained, and to that,
after considerable doubts as to its efficacy, I made up
my mind to have recourse. It was our custom at this
time, as it invariably is with the divisions in tlio front of
an army, to get under arms every morning an hour be-
fore dawn; and I determined to make use of that breath-
inff space for the purpose of making the colonel aware
of all the circumstances which had affected myself so
deeply.
Nothing occurred that night, cither to myself or Jack-
son, worthy of repetition ; the latter sent no message to
me, nor, as far as I could ascertain, took any other step,
to forward his own interests, but waited in silent indift'er-
cnce the issues of the morrow, ho they what they might.
As I afterwards heard, indeed, he appeared not unaware
of the nature of the sentence which was awarded him,
yet, with a coolness for which it would not be easy to
account, sat down satisfied under the weight of his des-
tiny. For myself, I retired to bed at my usual hour, and
tliough for a time anxiety kept me awake, habit gra-
dually asserted its intluenec, and I slept soundly.
It was still dark as pitch when the orderly sergeant
entered the room to say, that the regiment was getting
under arms. I sprang to my feet at the first stmimons,
and hastily dresi^ing myself, sallied forth to take my
station at the head of my company : in five minutes after,
a close column was formed upon the brow of the height,
on which the corps remained till daylight began to
appear ; when the men being ordered to pile their arms,
the olFieers were i)ermitled to fall out, and to meet in
groups, as was their custom, on the flank of the battalion,
rfow was my time fur bringing Inrward Jackson's case ;
and I did not neglect it. I hastened to the spot where
the colonel stood, being resolved at onec to entreat his
])crnsal of the young man's narrative ; but belbrc I could
reach him an aide-de-camp rode up, and my oppertunity
was lost. The aido-dc-caiup said only a few words and
then rode on, — but these were words of mom<nt, for the
colonel instantly mnunted his horse, apd orde'ed the re-
giment to stand to its arms. This was of course done, and
done promptly ; but minute aller mimite passing by, and
nothing of moment occurring, the colonel seemed to doubt
the correctness of the information which he had just
received, and, having warned the men not to straggle,
nor take ofl' their aecoutrenionts till farther notice, he
dismissed the parade. In nn instant all hurried back to
their quarters, and addressed the nselves in good earnest
to their morning meal.
Another opportunity was no* presented to me, of
which I gladly availed ihysclf. Hnving waited till I saw
the colonel enter his quarters, I hastened after him, and,
thiiugiii no csiiccial favourite, was not refused admission
The first sentence that I uttered, however, was all to wliici,
he would listen.
" Captain Chakott," said he sternly, " I heard your in.
tereession in favour of that man yesterday, and I told you
nt the nioment how 1 intended to act. I have oidy to
add, that, were he my own brother, ho should receive
tlie full amount of his sentence."
i would have Btill persisted in my suit, holding out at
the same time the packet ; but ho made u motion with
his hand that I should desist, and would listen to me no
farther. I walked away more tlmn half desirous to learn
that Jackson had deserted.
No fresh alarm occurring, and the time appointed for
the punishment being arrived, the bugles sounded. The
call on such occasions is st^Idom obpycd with much
•iBcrity i for, however obnoxious a criminal may be, there
are few indeed who taso pleasure in the sjicctacle which
a military ])unishment presents ; nor was the regiment
more active in assembling now, than at other and similar
moments. But it did assemble in due time. A square
wa.s then formed, the officers standing in the centre ; and
in a few minutes aller, the prisoner was introduced under
the charge of the guard.
There was now a solemn and fearful silence, whilst
the colonel giving the word " attention!" proceeded to
read aloud tiic minutes and sentence of tlie court. 'I'hese
were listened to by the regiment with an involuntary
shudder; by the prisoner willi an intensity of feeling,
whieli all his assumed composure failed to conceal. His
cheeks were fiushcd, his lip quivered, his eye rolled
round the assembly, as if its movements were beyond Oie
influence of his own control; and his limbs, though
they did not quiver, were restless and uneasy, like the
forefeet of a hunter when checked as the view-halloo is
given. No sooner, however, had the reading ceased,
than he resumed, as if by magic, a perfect command of
himself, and turned upon his commanding officer aglanec,
beneath which the eye of tlic latter, though bold and
proud, seemed to quiver. " You have heard your sen-
tence, sir," said the colonel, " and now I liave only to
observe, that were you my nearest relative, not one lash
of the nmnbcr awarded you should bo abated. Strip,
sir ?"
" Never !" replied Jackson haughtily. " Had I been
guilty of ony crime against God or man, I should have
submitted quietly even to this ; — but circumstanced as I
am, the lasli at least shall leave no debasing mark upon
nie." As he uttered these words, he sprang with the
agility of a roe from the party surrounding him, and rushed
furiously and desjjcrately against the levelled bayonets of
the square. In an instant the flreloek of one man was
wrenched from his grasp; and consequences the most
fatal must have ensued, had not the attention of all, not
even excepting the prisoner himself, been suddenly drawn
away by a sound, the nature of which there was no pos-
sibility of mistaking. It was the report, first, of a soli
tary cannon, then of three others in rajiid succession, and
then, of a heavy and unintermitting roar of musketry.
There required no messenger to assure us that the enemy
was coming on. The colonel found time only to desire
that the prisoner, who was again in custody, might be
securely led to the rear, ere a mounted officer, breathless
and covered with dust, arrived upon the ground ; and the
battalion breaking hastily into column, pushed forward
to assume its station in the line.
1 need scarcely remind you, that at the period to
which my present narrative refers, Ciudad Rodrigo, after
on obstinate defence, had follen into the hands of the
French, who in overwhelming numlx-rs threatened an
immediate advance upon the Portuguese capital. For
some days past, indeed, they had been making move-
ments sufficiently indicative that the moment of reopen-
ing the campaign in real earnest was not very distant ;
and the British army had, in cousc(iuence^ been kept in
a condition for moving at the shortest notice. So lately
as the :J I St, they had pushed forward a strong colunm
both of infantry and cavalry, which, occupying Valdela-
mula, St. Pedro, and Villa Formosa, had caused our
people to abandon and blow up the Fort of Conception ;
and now our most advanced corps lay resting its lell
upon Almeida, with its right, as well as its rear, covered
by the Coa. Into that lino we were pushed, and wc took
jmst in the centre, having a battalion of Cajadores on
each flank, and the rocky bed of the river immediately
behind us.
We had not assumed our aligncmcnt many minutes,
when one of the most interesting military spectacles
which it has been my goo<i fortune to behoUl, ojicned
u|)on us. Three British ])ickcts, two of infantry, one of
cavalry, had been tmsted considerably in advance of Al-
nieida — about half way between that fortress and the
village of Villamula. Tlicso liaving been attacked by an
overwhelming force of tlu! enemy, were of course com-
pelled to fall back ; and they now oppearcd, slowly and
regularly retiring, before a perfect swarm of tirailleurs,
8«p|)0'-ted by dense columns both of horse and foot.
Nothing could exceed tlie cool and orilerly manner in
which that rclrogression was conducted. Their retreat
lay over a level plain, intcrflccled hero and there by
hedges, stone walls, and enclosures, behind caoli of whicli
as it occurred, our people resolutely maintained thcni'
selves, till the enemy, extending far beyond their flanks,
bi'gnn to threaten them in rear, when they weio again
under the necessity of running back, as quickly as they
could, to the next cover. Nor was it to infantry alone
that those brave men wore opposed. As soon as the
country began to open sufficiently for cavalry to act.
several squadrons of French dragoons dashing forward,
made various attempts to intercept our jwoplo as tliev
retreated from hedge to hedge, and from wall to wall, —
insomuch that on more than one occasion the skirmishers
were compelled to throw themselves into circles, iind to
withstand a charge as they Ijest might. Tliey were not,
however, uniformly successful here. Some prisoners
were untbrtunately taken, and several brave men sabred ;
till at last the pickets found that farther opposition was
useless, and they fell back behind the division, now drawn
out to receive the enemy.
The French, finding us in position along tlie brow of
the height, paused tor a few minutes, as if to give their
generals time to reconnoitre our arrangements, and to
complete their own. That was a moment of deep and
extraordinary interest, when, the firing having ceased,
the hostile lines stood opposed to one another, in all tile
pomp and majesty of war in its most magnificent array ;
and many a bosom beat with anxiety and proud daring,
which within an hour was destined to cease beating for
ever. But the puUsc, tliough strikingly fine, was not of
long continuance. The l''reiich, sending off two lesser
bodies to amuse the regiments on our flanks, drew up
opposite to our centre an immense column of infantry,
supported, and in some degree intermixed, with several
masses of cavalry ; and then, having saluted us with a
warm discharge from thirteen or fourteen pieces of can.
non, pressed forward with a fury which we found it no
easy matter to withstand. Of the events which imme-
diately followed, I can offer no minute or accurate de-
scription ; I saw only the flashes of our own and of the
enemy's muskets, and heard but the roar of fire-arms,
like the rolling of a drum, — whilst a smoke dense as tlie
heaviest fog that ever darkened tlie city of London, soon
rendered every objcdl beyond my immediate front in.
visible.
In this state things continued for perhaps ten minutes;
the increasing brilliancy of tlie fire from the head of the
enemy's column proving that it drew every instant nearer
and nearer. Our ranks, not very numerously supplied at
the first, were now sadly tliinned, and the tremendous
shower of bullets thrown in upon us rendered it continu-
ally thinner ; when a sort of wild cry from the French,
not a shout, but a conflised commingling of voices in all
tones, and without any regularity, gave notice that t «y
were about to bring their bayonets to the charge. I c i.
not accuse our men of want of courage at the very mo-
ment when I confess that tliey declined the challenge.
Outnumbered to an immense degree, two tliirds of their
original strengtli cut oft", or dispersed witli the wounded,
it was not to be expected that a single battalion would
meet the rush of at least five thousand men, cheered tor-
ward, as these were, by the knowledge tliat a numerous
cavalry was on their Hank, ready to act witli them. Our
people gave way. There were no means of rallying
tlicm ; no (Kiint indeed at which wc could halt on this
side the river ; so we fled in extreme confusion towards
the bridge, by which alone the Coa could be crossed.
It was well fur us at this juncture, that the pickets,
having formed in our rear, and being joined by parties
from other corps, were enabled to opjiose so much of a
second line as to cover our retreat. Had it not been so,
wo must, to a man, have surrendered or been cut to
pieces ; lor the bridge, when we reached it, was literally
choked up with fugitives, the Portuguese having fled
some time before we gave way ; and as it was, our re-
Bcrre being finally <lriveii in, the enemy were enabled tii
bring some guns to bear upon us, from the fire of which
wc suU'ered severely. Nevertheless tlio |iassage was, in
the end, mode good ; and then having halted anioni;
some rocks and woods and broken ground, which over,
hung the opposite bank, we again faced about to resist
any attempts which might be made to pursue us fiirthrr.
These, however, were neither nmnerous nor des|wrate.
Some squadrons of cavalry did indeed charge boldly to-
wards the bridge, pushing a troop across, but that troop
was cut to pieces by a division of German Hussars, anil
the fire of our artillery cheeked the reuiainder.
The cavalry lieing thus driven back, a few minutes'
pause ensued, during which Geiieral Craufurd, and the
officers of his staff, rode along our line, encouraging tlio
men by their voices, and minutely examining their ar
rangcment. In the mean while the enemy having rr-
formed their solid column, liegan to crown the ridg(^ ul
tli(^ opimsite iK^ight, and showed as if it were their inten-
tion to f.irce the passage of the bridgi', and carry our
position by assault ; hut they never once arrived within
the reach of musketry.
No sooner had the mass begun to move, than our >r.
tillery opened their fire, and with a precision far eurpnis-
ing any thinj; of which I could liave formed a conccp.
■i
SAR VTOOA.
4.1
ms (lashing Ibrward,
our people as tlirv
from wull to wall, —
asioii the skirniiiihcrs
9 into circles, iind to
jht. They were not,
re. Some prisoners
al hrave men sabred ;
rtlicr opposition was
: division, now drawn
n along Uic brow of
s, as if to give their
irrangements, and to
iioment of deep and
iring having ceased,
le another, in all tliu
st niagniticcnt array;
ty und proud daring;,
to cease beating for
ngly fine, was not of
ending off two lesser
our flanks, drew up
column of infantry,
jrniixed, with several
ig saluted us with a
mrteen pieces of can.
'hich we found it no
cventa which immc-
inute or accurate de-
f our own and of the
the roar of fire-orms,
a smoke dense as tlic
i city of London, soon
' immediate front in-
' perhaps ten minutes ;
: irom the head of the
w every instant nearer
umerously supplied at
, and the tremendous
IS rendered it continu-
cry from the French,
ngling of voices in all
gave notice that t ey
to the charge. I c i.
age at the very mo-
clincd the challenge,
le, two tliirds of their
ed witli the wounded,
ngle battalion would
nd men, cheered for-
dgc tliat a numerous
act witli them. Our
lo means of rallying
c could halt on lliis
10 confusion towards
could be crossed,
re, that the pickets,
ng joined by parties
ppose tio much of a
iiad it not been so,
roll or been cut to
bed it, was literally
tuguese having Hod
d as it was, our re.
eiiiy were enabled to
om the tire of wliicli
Uio passage was, iji
ving halted onioii|»
round, whicli over-
aced about to resitt
to pursue us farther.
Icrous nor des|)orali'.
1 charge boldly to-
TOSS, but that troop
erman Hussars, and
rciaainder.
nek, n few minutes'
il Craufurd, and ihc
no, encouraging the
xamining their ar.
c enemy Imving re
crown the ridg<; nl
" it were their intoii.
dgi', and carry mir
nee arrived within
I move, than our ar.
Irceision far surpass-
formed a concop-
lion. First, their shrapnelU striking full into the centre
of tlio column, caused large gaps to a|.pcar ; then eaine
-Hhc case and grai)c shot, literally swcepmg down whole
gnctions, till the enemy, panic-struck, first halted, then
wavered, then fled over the ridge in the greatest confu-
sion. This was the last effort made to drive us from our
"new aligncmcnt. Though the smoke from their bivouac
showed that they still hovered near, no further attempt
was made to pass the Coa ; and we, fallowing their ex-
ample caused our men to pile their arms, and lay down
to rest about our watch fires.
It was not, however. General Craufurd'a design to
await a renewal of the attack ; to which, indeed, he had
•■exposed himself in <lirect ojiposition to the wishes of
^ Lord Wellington. His business was to fall back with as
, little delay as possible upon the main body ; and that he
■ made ready to accompli.sh afl soon as a fitting opimrtu-
. nity should arrive, With this view our people were
' commanded, as soon a.s darkness set in, to heap quanti-
ties of fresh fuel upon their fires ; and then stealing one
by one so far to the rear as that the blaze should not be-
tray them, the different regiments formed quickly hut
silently into columns of march. That done, the guns,
baggage, stores, and wounded,, were sent off, and then
battalion after battalion, leaving a brief interval between
the hcarf of one and tlic cue of the other, took the road
to Alverca.
; There remains but little for me lo add connected with
..■i the fate of the Gentle Recruit. Our columns having
i reached their new ground without^ molestation, and the
J enemy evincing no disposition to follow them up, ample
'4 time was afforded for mustering the several battalions,
m and ascertaining the amount of our loss. When the
.« regiment to which I was attached paraded, it was found
I that, among many others absent without leave, Jackson
I was not to be found. What had liecome of him, no one
! appeared accurately to know. It was ascertained, in-
Idecd, that when the firing grew sharp, and the guard
f was called away to join their comrades, the prisoner, in-
! stead of embracing the opportunity of escape, hastily
( threw on his accoutrements, and followed. That he took
I part in the action, therefore, no one fould doubt ; but
I whether he fell, or was taken prisoner, or fled into the
woods when our line was broken, remained a mystery.
' Nor was the mystery ever solved from that day to this.
1 His name was given in among the list of missing, and
! he was neither seen nor heard of afterwards.
Major Chakott's story being brought to a close, the
I company as in duty bound, spoke in high terms of its
i excellence, expressing themselves deeply indebted to the
Uller for tlie entertainment they had received. His
health was drunk with the usual honours; aftuj which, a
' general desire began to show itself, that, as the customary
hour for breaking up was still distant, some other mem-
berof the mess would favour them with a legend, and at
the solicitation of the company, the President called upon
Captain Macdirk, who with great good humour began tlie
following tale.
CHAPTER I.
Seldom has Montreal witnessed a scene of Iiigher ex-
citement, or more warlike bustle, than was presented to
the eyes of its inhabitants on the morning of the 8lh of
June, 1777. The first streaks of dawn were just bcgin-
uing to redden the eastern sky, when a deafening roll of
drums, and clamour of bugle-s, roused men, women, and
children from their slumliers ; whilst soldiers, giouring in
great numbers from almost every habitation, hastened to
assume their well known stations. It was on this day,
that Gcnsral Burgoyne, having drawn together the whole
of his army, and made the best preparations which cir-
cumstances would allow for the trnna|K)rt of stores and
(irovisions, resolved to commence his march in the di-
rei'tion of Fort Ticonderoga ; and tn open a campaign,
from which the most brilliant results were expected to
• Mr. Oleid, for his Incis and clnli-i In tin' fulliiwini narrative, hnn
nndiiulit hi'cii iii(li'l>ii'{l ici (Srni'iul lluruoyne'a" i^laleof llm Expc-
Jiiiohlhiml'aiinila," anil In llic '' I.iucrnaii.i Mdnnirn rulailiiiito
thi' «»r olAiiiicicnn hule|»'iulcni'«, ami the cnplurt- nl'lliu (ii-riimn
iriHipn ni Hnrnliipa, liy Madiiini' il« Hi-idwl," a Irnmlailoii of which
fruni the (iiTiimii npiMnrid in ^cw York In lrt!7. Il In rniher an
inlprvitlim book , ninl |n'rlm|ia Ihe only Joiinml o( tlin prriml fruiii a
fiiiiHlc \KH. We luivi' fldiluil a IV'w iiuivi lllinirnllvn of Ihi- li'xl.
This Btoiy illfliirBiilly Ircaiiil, would (imiicrly form part of a work,
yd tobi' wrIMeii, uiider the lltlu "( " lloinnnce of lllntflry. Aiiio
rlra, " fur which noiplr iiiateilali e.xliil both In the iiortlicrii and
viallirrii comlnoiils.— K(J.
accrue to the cause of loyalty and Ihitish interests
tliroughout America at large.
The corps of wliieli General Burgoyne assumed the
command, consisted, as I need scarcely inform iny pre-
sent auditors, of rather more than seven thousand men.
It was made up of three thousand seven hundred and
twenty.four British, three thousand and sixteen German
soldiers of the line ; four hundred and seventy-three
artillery-men, und two hundred and fifty Provincials ;
and the train of guns attached to it, fell not short of
brty pieces, including cannons, mortars, and royals, of
all kinds and calibres. I know very well that in these
times it is a common practice to speak slightingly of the
eiiuipmcnts and general appearance of the troops wliieli
served during the firat Aintyican war. No doubt, some
of their appointments were ridiculous enough ; the little
three cornered hat, for example, was but an incuiivcMient
covering for a head liable to constant ex|)osurc both to
sun and shower, — and the tight breeches and gailcrs,
with the long flapped coat, were not exactly calculated
to give the greatest elasticity to the limbs, or freedom to
the body. But in spite of these defects, if such they de-
serve to be called, you must |)erniit me, who have looked
u|K)n the soldiers of both periods, to declare, that I never
beheld a finer or more imposing band than was brought
on this eventful day under my observation. The men
were, fijr the most part, in the prime of life, well made,
robust, hardy, and active ; they appeared to enjoy the
finest health, and their spirits were mantling to the
brim; whilst among the oflicers, one disposition, and
one only, prevailed, from the hoary veteran down to the
unfledged standard-bearer. They were all confident of
success, and spoke and acted, not like persons embark-
ing upon a business beset with perils, and of dubious
issue, but as if a more triumphal journey were before
them.
I have said that this splendid regular army was ac
companied by two hundred and fifty Provincials, raised
for the service immediately in view, and acting as
militia only. These men, on whose acquaintance with
the nature of Indian warfare, und the general face
of the country, considerable reliance was placed, wore
not embodied into one corps or battalion ; on the con-
trary, thoy were divided into four independent comp-v
nics, called Rangers, or Marksmen ; of which three were
composed of Canadians, the descendants of Frenchmen,
and oflicercd by their own feudal chiefs, or Seigneurs, —
whilst one, made up of Scottish emigrants, or lliedescen
dantsofold soldiers who hadostablished themselves along
the St Lawrence as settlers, was headed by a gallant con-
tryiiien of their own, by name Fraser. The latter com-
pany received, as without incurring the charge of undue
partiality I may be permitted to assert that it deserved
markcil attention fiom the general commanding. One
hundred young men, unrivalled in point of bodily
strength and activity, composed it; whoso habits from
tlinii childhood had been such as to inure them to the
duties of light troops, and whoso aim with their own
weapon, the rifle, was unerring, There was not an
individual among them, who would have been at a loss
to find his way, had he been cast into the centre of a
wilderness, provided only he were informed in what
direction the |)oiiit to bo attained lay, and could obtain
a sight of the sun by day, and the stars by night ; and
as to privations, cold, hunger, thirst, and bodily fatigue,
they all ij a man set such at defiance. It was my good
fortune to commence my military career in that very
distinguished company. Being nearly related to its
commander, as well as his personal acquaintance, I roadi
ly accepted bis invitation to accompany him in the
character of a volunteer : with tho assurance, not from
him only, but from those higher in rank and of su|icrior
influence, that tho fir&. commission which should fall va-
cant, should bo conlbrred upon me.
A young soldier is seldom very tardy in obeying tho
signal which summons him to tho o|icmngof his maidtn
campaign. Tho night of tho 7th had been lo mo a sleep-
less one. Awaroof tho mighty movomcnts which wore
in preparation, my mind was a great deal too busy in
comparing tho imst with tho future, to |icrmit my body
to obtain much rest ; and when I did fall into a dose, it
was to dream sometimes of homo and the scenes of do.
meitic happiness which had passed there, sometimes of
my prnspoots, and intended behaviour bolbro thoennmy.
iVom such a slumber as this, you wilt not bu surprised
to learn tliat the first blast of tho bugle mused mo, I
lea|)cd out of bed in a moment; hurried through my
toilette as if life and death dsiiondedon its completion ;
and then, with all the ardour of a volunteer of leven-
teen, sallied forth into the atroat.
Here all was bustle and preparation; llie Imm ot'
voices, thu hurried tiead of IVct, llic ralllu or:irnis. ami
the or-casional liricf wnrdof command, gave notice that,
even in the dark, men know their staliniis, and that llicy
jostled one annliier in oider to reach the several piiiiits
where confu.sioii would give place to alisoliite order.
Thi.s slate of things was not, however, of long contiiiu-
aiite. IJolurc the iiicri'asing dawn reiidcird ohjoels dis-
linclly visible, tin; only sound heard was a sfirt ofslilled
shuflliiig, as if ollieers were paa.-ing along the fronts of
companies tn ascertain thai lliey were cnrrd lly formed ;
and then, fi)r the space of a i|uartrr of an hour, or
perhaps soiiielliini; iiiore, all was as silejit as l!;e •rrave.
Like thiisc about me, I had tahoii my wniiled slalimi
on the liL^htof the company, ami was walching with on
aii.vicly, such as t never expel ioneed lic!i)rc, llie c;riidiial
ap|iroacli of day, when a roll of drunis, t:iUon ii|) in tins
rear, and passing on slowly to the IVojit.gave nuliee that
the general himself was on Ihd ground. I lorki'd back,
iiui my glance fell upon a s|)ectaelc well calcul ited to
inspire the most timid with courage and conlidence.
Upwards of lour tliousand men were hchind nie, Ibrm-
ed in tho nicest order into columns of subilivisioii', an<l
extending farther than the eye could reach, through the
whole length of the street, into a eoiiiinnn beyond ;
whilst their banners, held aloft as the >;ciieral and his
suite passed on waved triumphantly in a slight breeze,
which rose with the sun. As tho inomiled cavalcado
swept along, regiment after regiment stood at attention,
with bayonets fixed and muskets shouldered, till at lust
it came to our turn, whoso station lay at tho ' head of
the parade, to receive our chief. We did so advancing
our rifles, and holding ourselves steady to the front ;
while the general, pulling oft" bis hat, answered tho saluto
with a low bow. He then addressed himself to Captain
Fraser in terms of highcommcnd^ition as to the appear-
ance and steadiness of his men ; spoko cbceringlyto the
men themselves, by reminding them of the honorable
post which they held ; and then solemnly wishit.g God
speed to the riglit and thoarmsof our king and country!
ave the word to advance. It was answered by a hearty
cheer, which rolled back like thunder from battalion lo
battalion; alter which we struck ofl" into threes from tho
right of companies, and tho marcn began.
Long before this final movement was made, every door
and window in .Montreal was crowded with spectators,
who bade us farewell with the waving of handkerchiefs,
and some of them oven witli tears. Doubtless there
were many in this warlike group, who fell at the mo-
ment what it is to leave behind those whom they value
more than lite itself. For my own part, however, lex-
perienced no such sensation. My acquainlaiice c.Ktcnd-
ed no farther than to the family wliOie I had been ac-
cidentally billeted, and from whom, to say the truth, I
had received no particular marks of alleiition; so I repli-
ed to the salutations of the people with iho most perlijcl
indift'erenco and moved on. Jn a few moments all
thought of them and of the city was laid aside. I look-
ed Ibrward only to the great *venls in which I wga
about lo bo an actor; and my whole soul became occu-
pied with anticipations as groundless as the rest of you,
gentlemen, 1 do not doubt, cherished at tho commonco-
meiit of your career.
The spring of 1777 chanced to be remarkably incle-
ment, even in this naturally inclement climate. " Much
lieavy hard rain had fallen, which, cutting up the half
formed road that communicated between Montreal and
Fort St. John, rendered our journey not only toilsome,
but extremely tardy. It is true that every possible ex-
ertion had been used to remedy this evil, strong working
parties having been long employed in improving the old
path, and cutting out a new one ; but their ettbrts had
failed in rendering the way practicable for heavy car-
riages, and even the infantry experienced no little iiicon-
veniencc in traversing it. Under those circumstances, it
was judged necessary to divide our force; and to send
the artillery, with the commissariat and hospital stores,
under a competent escort from Quebec, — whilst we alone
pushed across from Montreal by land, with directions to
meet at a csrtoin point near the southern extremity of
Lake Champlain.
At the period to which my present narrative refers,
there was nothing particularly interesting in the gcnerol
appearance of the country which separates Montreal
from tho banks of the Chambly. For a while we ad-
vanced through llie heart of an immcnRC prairie, whose
sandy surface was in many places lefl bare, and in others
covered with huge patches of long dry grass; till by de-
grees tho prairie gave place to stunted thickets, as these
agniii were succeeded by a wide spreading forest of tall
i
f.
f
f
r ■*.
1 If
;»■
46
sahatoga.
41
l\
.: 1
I \ ■■■
I-
:1k ^
It' .
II'-
trrcR nml iinpt^rvioiiH uiidcrwcxKl. 'I'lie case! was sciiiic-
wlmt ditftireiit, wlitii, passing; the forest, we l)i(raii to
face tile stream, juid took our toilsome journey in the
direction of Lake ('hamphiin. At lirsl, iiideeil, a hroad
and placid river, hedjjed in l>y low Hat banks, ('overeil,
like the country Iwyond them, with nnijestic ouks, was
all that marked the change ; hut as we drew nearer and
nearer to its source, the character of the stream varied,
and the scenery assumed at every step more and nior<'
of the bearing of a Highland landscape. First the Nar-
rows, almut half way lx;twe<in Fort St. Jolni and the
mouth of the ^5outll river, drew powerfully uihiu the ad-
miration of the stranger, — where the level banks gradu-
ally swelled into hillocks, and liccame at last little else
than abrupt precipices, — an<l where the water, hemmed
ill by these rugged barriers, roared and frette<l over its
bed with the noise of a cataract. These passed, the eye
was again delighted with a broad expanse, which, in its
turn, led only to rapids aud broken falls; till at last, on
Hearing the point where it rushes from its gigantic pri-
son, a scene of indescribable sublimity burst upon us.
Before us lay the waters of Lake ( 'hamplain, an enormous
sheet of unruffled glass, stretching away some ninety or
a hundred miles to the south, and widening and straiten-
ing as rocks and clitTs projected, in the most fantastic
Bliapes, into its channel. Nor is the scene, like that be-
side Iiako Erie or Dntario, rendered desolate by the very
extent of water embraced in it. Though measuring, as
I have already said, full a hundred milis in length, Lake
(^hamplain no where exceeds lifteen, and in many jilaces
falls sliort of one mile, in breadth; whilst its bosom is
Iwautifully diversified by islands and proniontoric^s, all of
them rich with the most luxuriant vegetation and varied
foliage. On each side, again, is a thick and uninhabited
wilderness, now rising up into mountain, now falling
down into glen : where the lordly oak mingles with the
ejlicsnyt and the pine, and shrubs of every hue and form
are abundant ; while a noble background is presented
towards the west by the (Jreen Mountains, whose sum-
mits appear to pierce even into the clouds. I cannot by
any powers of language do justice to such a scene, which
to be understood nmst be looked upon; far less can I
describe the emotions which it excited in me, on the day
when I first Ix^held it.
I have said that throughout the whole of our journey
\vc found the roads extremely bad, and that the march
was in consequence performed, not only with great ta-
tigue, but slowly. Frou) the hour of our arrival at the
Narrow.s, a series of dillicultica ciune in our way, which
it required all the patience and zeal of men and oHicers
to meet and overcome For the space of many miles,
not only were the batteaux rendered useless, as a means
of conveying the. stores and guns ; but Iwth stores and
vessels were necessarily dragged to the shore, and ear-
ricd, by the land column, beyond the influence of the
cataract. This fell heavily uik)U p('r.sons who, as is n.>^ual
at the outset of an undertaking, were less able to co|M'
with ditliculties than at^er experience had taught them
to disregard them : and it was the more burthensome at
pH'scnt, because, through a distressing <lefieicncy in
lior.ses, the men were eom|)ell<'d to perform tasks, upon
which neither they nor their ollicers had Ix'cn led to
calculate. Nevertheless, every thing was done, if not
without a murnnir, at all events in |K'rfeet good humour;
and we were rewarded for our exertions, by Ijcholding
the flotilla move in majestic order up the lake.
The place of rendezvous fixed upon by (leneral Rur-
goync was the left bank of the river Houquel, a small
stream which rising in tlie Green Mountains, falls into
the lake at no great distance from t'rown Point, 'i'he
head of the eohimn reachi'd it on the lf*lh, having per-
formed a march of upwards of ninety miles in ten days;
and by the Slith, the rear was well closed up, and all the
batges and vessels of war an<l transprirt were at anchor.
Here tents, with other < onveniences, such as blankets,
kettles, and culinary \itensils of various kinds, were
served out; and here, for the first time since (putting
Montreal, was a regular enf^ampment Ibrmed. And sel-
dom has an army halted in a position more favourable.
We occupied a Iteautiful valley, surroundid on three
sides by gentle hills, and on the"fimrth by the lake, suf-
ficiently clear to allow of pasturage lor our animals, yet
womlcti, BO as t« screen us t'rom the rays of a summer's
gun; whilst, our outposts stretching along the beights,
which, in ease of need, were marked out as the battle
ground, every feeling of appreliension on the score of an
attack was prevented.
You arc, doubtless, aware that tJcnpral Durgoyne took
\ip his present ground, not so much witli a view of re-
freshing his trcKips, us to make his final arrangements
H'itli pertain Indian tribes, lor whose asisistanee in the
projeetett inroad he had airiiady a)>plied. Having a|)-
pointed this spot as the proper point of eonlerenct,', he
was nu'l, inMuediately on his arrival, by a runner, who
inlbrmed him, that the Chiel's of tlu' Five Nations, with
a f(irmiilal)le body of warriors, were encamped in the
hills, and ready to receive him. 'I'he general made no
hesitation as to complying with the proposition of these
ehiels: he appointeil the ;.'lst as the day of meeting ; and
he set out at an early hour, attended by must of his prin-
cipal ollicers, under an escort of certain light" companies,
to keep his appointment.
As Fraser's rillenu'n were so fiirtunatc as to com|>osc
part of the force employed on this occasion, 1 had an
opportunity of being an eye witness to the ceremonies
which ensued ; and extremely curious as well as interest-
ing they proved to Ih>. Atlfr a short march of about
half a mile, in a direction towards the source of the liou-
quet, we arrived at a sort of glade, or woody ravine, in
wliiih a band of four hundred warriors w<'re assembled,
their tents or wigwams iM'ing but partially concealed
along the side of a sloping emineini' in the rear. Nothing
could exceed the grotescpie but striking appearance which
that extraordinary group presented. As we entered the
valley at the lower end, the assembly, which occupied
the opposite extremity, gradually opened uiHin us, and
we beheld them seated cross-legged, and in prolbmul si-
lence, except three or four chiefs, who alone stood upright.
Having advanced within a short distance of tlH'ui, the
escort halted, when the general proceeded alone towards
the front, and made the sign of [Mmce, by raising liis
hands in the air, and then laying them on his bosom.
The chiefs iiumediately acknowledged the salutation, ap-
proached him, knelt down, and kissed his hand in token
both of amity and submission. He was then invited to
sit, the chiefs seating themselves near him; and for some
moments all were again silent.
Whilst these ceremonies were passing between tin;
leaders of the two hosts, both the warriors and the gene-
ral's escort maintained an attitude of perfect indift'erencc
and self-possession. The former appeared, indeed, to
take no interest whatever in matters which were well
known to have occupied long and painfully their whole
thoiiglits ; but when the interpreter arose, and gave no-
tice that the Knglish chief was about to s|)eak, they drew
gradually round him, and listened with the deciicst at-
tiMition. You might have heard a pin drop at every in.
terval in a discourse which assured this savage throng
of the esteem and ))rotcetion of their (ireat Father ; and
when the conditions on v\'hich their services would be ac-
cepted and rewardeil, came to be explained, their very
breathing seemed repressed, lest the most minute sylla-
ble should escape them. It was not, however, in ac-
cordance with their dispositions or tastes to be told that
all bloodshed, except in fair fight, was |)roliibiled ; and
that he who took the scalp of a woman or a child, or put
to death a prisoner who liad once submitted, would re-
ceive, not reward, but the most sununary punishment.
A gloomy silence, interrupted only by an occasional low
growl, Ibllowed the conclusion of this gwrtiou of the ad-
dress ; indeed, it a])peare<l as if the very purpose for which
till" assembly had iK'cn called together was about to Ix!
defi'aled. itnt at last an old chief, whom we observed
whispering, for some time, first to one and then to ano.
tlier of the warriors near him, stood up, and spoke with
extrenu! vehemence of manner, as fiiUows ;
" J stand up in the name of all the nations present, to
assure our father that we have attentively listened to bis
discourse. We receive you as our t'ather, iK-eause, when
ycm s|M'ak, we hear the voice of our (irc:at Father lieyoiul
the great lake. We rejoice in the approbation you have
expressed of our b(thaviour. ^Ve have been tried anil
tempted by the Hostonians; but we have loved our fiither,
and our hatchi ts have Ikhu sharpened. In proof of the
sincerity of our professions, our whole villages, able to
go to war, are come fi)rth. The old and inlirm, our in-
I'ants and squaws, alone remain at home. With one
common assent we promise a con.stant oiK'dience to all
you may order ; and may the Father of days give you
many, and success I"
.Tills brief address was received on our parts with ex-
pressions of satisfaction — by the Indians with a murmur
of approval ; aller which the congress, as it was called,
breaking tip, we returned, as we had come lortli, to the
camp.
CIIAPTKR II. ' C
Nothing partic'ularly worthy of being mentioned oc-
eurreil from this dale, up to the arrival of the last day in
.Inne. It is true that on the moriiing afler the palaver,
the whole army with its Indian allies moved torward ;
but the movement carried us no liirther than to frown
Point, about thirty miles in advance of the liouipitt, and
half that di.itanee from Tieonderoga. Here the tents
were again pitched ; and here, for something more than
a week, we enjoyed as much of rela.xation and social
amusement, as men in our circmiistanees eouUl desire.
1 say ."ocial amnsenieiit, lor seldom has an army, in pro-
gress towards the heart of an enemy's country, marched
as wi^ luarelied on that occasion. Among our camp tbl-
lowers were ladies of all ranks and descriptions, the
wives of generals, and olfieers in cnminand of regiments,
as well as of subalterns and jirivales, who, being abun-
dantly supplied with the means of conveyance, travelled
with their eliililren, servants, and household stutl" in their
train. The consequence was, that but a short space apart
from the tents of the men, stood the manpiees of the Ha-
roness Keidesdel, the Lady Harriet Ackland, with many
others, w ho made it their busine.ss to receive, as ot\eii as
eircunistances would allow, crowds of visiters to their
evening parties. You may smile, gentlemen, if you
please, at this aceoiml, but I assure you that it is strictly
true ; and though 1 dare say the animals rtiquired to con-
vey these ladies and their appurtenances, might have
been employed more beneficially for the good of the ser-
vice, heaven forbid that even now I should raise my voice
against lliein I I have spent i'vvi evenings more pleavanl-
ly, than I .sjient under their hospitable canvass, in the (hj-
silioii of Crown Point.
It was not, however, in sucli oecupationB as these,
that General liurgoync cx|K'nded tlic whole of these eight
days. He carefully matured his plans, estjiblishcd de-
pots and magazines, reviewed his army, and distributed
it as I'ollowa :
The entire force, numbering, as I have already stated,
something more than seven thousand men, was divided
into five corps or columns, one of which received the ap-
pellation of the advance, another of the reserve, and the
remaining three of brigades. The advance, to which
our company was attached, consisted of the British light
nl'antry and grenadiers, the 2-Uh regiment, the Indians,
placed particularly under Captain Fraser's orders, a body
ofCimadians, and ten pieces of light cannon. It was led
by Brigadier (leiifrul Fraser, an ollicer of great promise
and high character, and mustered in all about fifteen
hundred men. The reserve, under Lieutenant Colonel
Breyman, was composed of (iermans, namely, of the
Brunswick Chasseurs, a remarkably fine battalion, and
the grenadiers and light companies of the other regiments.
Of the composition of the three brigades it is not neces-
sary that I should say more, than that two of them were
nade up of British, one of German troops, and that they
were severally commanded by Major General Phillips,
Brigadier (ieneral Hamilton, and Major (Tciieral Reides-
<lel. Thejatter had under his orders a regiment of Ger-
naii dragoons ; but they were not mounted, there being
at this time barely lior.ses enough in camp to supjity the
wants of the ladies, the general and statt' ollicers, and to
drag a slender portion of our somewhat cumbrous aiid
overgrown artillery.
It was on a beautiful morning, the lust in the month
of .Tune, that the advance, after standing the customnry
time under arms, began its march. As we were now in
the immediate vicinity of the enemy, and knew not how
soon his outposts might be fallen in with, our progress
this day was at onco more circuinspect, and more in-
teri'.sting, than any which we had yet made. The In-
dians, supported by the Marksmen, lornied the advanced
patroles, and spread themselves in a disorderly, but clli-
eiint manner, over the front and flank of the column.
They were armed with rifles, knives and tomahawks,
and being in their war-paint, presented an appearance,
which, to the eye of one imaccustomed to such iipccta-
cles, must have been extremely imposing.
We, again, sending out a few files to communicate
with tlieni, and prevent the possibility of a surprise, ad-
vanced ill a cnmpaet body, about two liundrcf^yardB in
their rear. Ancither interval, similar to tliat ,whieh
separated the^Iarksmen from the Indians, now occurred,
after which <-amc the head of the Light Brigade, it*
guns lieiiig in the centre, between the grenadiers and
light companies, and tlie :21tli regiment. Then followed
the heavy brigades in their res|H'ctive orders; and the
whole was covered in roar by scattered parties, similar
to those which protected it in front.
Our march, though silent, proved ujion the whole an
extremely interest iug and agreeable one. In the first
place, the face of the country became at every step more
and more striking, the hills assuming a rougher and
bolder outline, and the wood becoming mure broken and
irregular ; whilst the lake, along the margin of which
our column moved, seemed alive with the galleys oiid
^mall ft
next pli
llie exp
lirepiii
nrdinarj
occasioi
through
'.anxiety
. of sight
'of inea
power d
<1irectioi
prepare
'in the
its fount
of the
■lead to 1
; engage,
i?«elves, ai
■; Mile Poi
Ticom
' lions wei
land, will
-on anotlii
flucnec
front of
jJay bctw
f'~ round in
covered '
t^ils letl wn
Jtil'icd mill
iwhieh loi
.^ake, and
|\vith \hc 1
iuminil.st
ivhilst aim
hare a tie
et the br
nmjiosed
'and rivetei
turn, covei
measured
.whole, the
<*edingly
to be well
of stores ar
anticipated
desperate n
With sn
sary to say
many, one
anxiety. \
iicnie, bare
and the bla
ilistinetly i
wide in loi
»inri bright
(lark red m
wood in till
brilliancy «
<in, only tho
splendour.
in the oppo
'I'liero lay o
lirriipying t
whilst the I
squadrrtn of
iiieation ; ai
an fi.sHiiranc
no less thai
quality and
by looking
Iruinid his co
ivcro cro\vd^
chill, their c
bo li.slencd t
jnqiosr^pc I
Jieiirted, hoc
misgiving ai
who Imvo hi
effect which
upon Fraser,
lint without
iMimei'oiis w:
other days v
story-teller i
he began lli<
euuiits of (bi
milled as tl
liigli, I passe
i .so much i
SARATOGA.
47
hir limn to I'rowii
ol'llir IJoiMiutt, oiiil
[11. lltTC the tl'lltH •
iiii'lliiiin more than
luxation iiml poriiil
liiiKCH louhl dt'siri'.
laH an army, in |iro-
'8 country, niarclicd
niong our camp I'ol-
ul dcHuri|)tions, th(i
imandot'rcginifMtii,
s, wlio, being ubun-
onvryiinrc, travcllcil
isi'hold Htnff in their
It a short space apart
maniiU'CH of the llii-
Ackland, with many
) receive, as ol\cn as*
of visiters to their
frentlemcn, if yon
,ou tliat it is strictly
nals rt«iuired to con-
nances, might have
the good of the ser-
hould raise my voice
nings umrc pleasant-
Ic canvass, in the po-
)Ccupations as these,
! whole of these eight
lans, estahlislied de-
rmy, and distributed
have already staled,
id men, was divided
liich received the ap-
■ the reserve, and the
e advance, to which
d of the British light
jgimenl, the Indians,
rascr's orders, a body
t cannon. It was led
iccr of great promise
1 in all about fifteen .
r liieuteniuit Colonel
nans, namely, of the
y fine battalion, and
f the other regiments.
rades it is not neces-
lat two of them were
troops, and that they
jor General Phillips,
ajor (iencral Ueides-
■s a regiment of Cier-
aountcd, there being
1 camp to supjily the
start' officers, and to
what cumbrous aiid
he last in the month
iiding the customary
As wc were now in
, and knew not how
li with, our progress
fspect, and more in-
lyet made. The In-
lormrd the advanced
disorderly, but eHi-
[lank of the column,
es and tomahawks,
ited an appearance,
incd to snch spccta-
Ising.
|es to communicate
J of a surprise, ad-
to hundred yards in
liar to tliat ,whicli
ians, now occurred,
Light Brigade, iW
he grenadiers and
nt. Tlien followed
orders; and the
red parties, similar
luimn the whole an
on(^ In the first
I at every step more
lug a rougher and
Ig more broknn and
margin of which
111 the galleys and
;tiiiall frigates of which our Meet was composed. In the
.W.tt place, the thought of what might Ix- impending,—
;tlie rxpceUition of meeting lit every pass an armed lorce
Vepnred l« defend il, caused lis to look with more than
ordinary interest npoii surrounding objects; whilst an
occasional whoop, someliines a straggling shot, sounding
through the woods, kept up to its highest pitch the
'anxiety of those who heard it. All these combiiialions
. of sight and sound slrcck forcibly upon the iinaginalions
»of men to whom such things were new: nor vsas their
■powi r diminished when an aide-de-camp riding up, gav<'
ilireolious for the loading files to turn to the right, and
preimre for immediate action. 'I'here was an c.vrileinenl
'"\\\ the very word which c-insed the blood (o rush back to
its fountain, and the colour to forsake the checks even
of the bravest, for a moment; but it was destined to
lead to no'hing. 'I'hc detachment which wo ex|)ciaed to
■engage, fell hack as soon as our Indians showed the iii-
■= selves, and that night wc bivouacked in tiuiet at Three
Mile Point.
• ; Tieonderoga, Mie place against which our first opera-
' lions were directed, stands ii|ion a peninsula or point of
land, which is washed on one side by [.ake Clmmplain,
<in another by l.aki^ Ceorge, and on a thi.-d by the con-
flucnee of the latter lake with the South river. The
front of this position, as then occupied by the enemy,
i|Jay between Lakes George and C'hamplain, landing
f round in a sort of semicircle ; the whole of which was
Ixovorcd with redoubts, batteries, traverses, and alwltis :
its letV was appuycd by three block houses, and some for-
tified mills; its right by two block houses and a battery,
which looked t<iwards Lake Clmmplain. Across the
lake, and conmumicating by means of a flying bridge
ivilh the main position, stood Mount Independence, its
iiiminit strongly fortified, and well supplied with artillery ;
ivliilst along its base ran rows of nhattis, with here and
liure a flceche, anil breastwork for infantry. To pro-
jct the bridge, again, the enemy had constructed a boom,
omiiosed of large pieces of timbe'r well secured logelhcr,
Innil riveted with bolts of iron ; and the Imom was, in its
tturii, covered by a double iron chain, the links of which
liuensured an inch and a half in diiuneter. On the
whole, the iwst was at once a vitally important and ex-
ix?ediiigly fiirmidable one; and, as it was understood
to be well manned, and amply sujiplied with all manner
of stores and provisions, there wore few amongst us who
anticipated any other result besides a protracted and
desperate resistance.
With such a prospect before us, it is scarcely neces-
sary to say, that the night of thn first of .Inly was, to
many, one of the deepest interest and most intense
■ anxiety. We had hallpil, just before dark, on an eini-
iiente, barely three niilcs tioiii the enemy's position ;
jind the blaze of their fires became, as night drew on,
distinctly visible. We saw them stretching far and
wide in long and foriiiidable array ; now shining clear
iind bright on the brow of a bare liill, now scndiiig up a
<lark nd mass of vaiMinr from among trees and under-
wood in the hollows; v*'hilst from lime to lime their
brilliancy would disappear, as heaps of fuel were thrown
<in, only that it might burst liirtli again with increased
splendour. Nor was the S|)eclaclo embraced liy a glance
in the opposite direction less striking ot less warlike.
I'liero lay our own army in two magnificent lines, part
iirciipying this side, part the opposite side of the lake;
whilst the Royal George and Inflexible frigates, with a
sqnadrmi of gun boats and luggers, kept up the commu-
nication ; and the very extent of these seemed to convey
an nssiirance that we exceeded the enemy in nuinliers,
no less than wo knew that no surpassed I hem 'in the
(|iinlily and connlitution of our troops. But it was not
by looking to generals alone, that a tyro like myself
loiiiid his coinage involuntarily increased. Around me
ivcro crowds of hardy veterans, whoso free and merry
rlial, their careless laugh and lively repartee, could not
be listened to by any one without emotion; since it was
iin|)08^!^Pc not to believe that they were thus liglit-
Jieiirlt^d, bocau.se they enlertuiiicd not the shadow of a
inisgiiiiig as to the result. I need not describe to men
who have breathed the atmosphere of a bivouac, the
effect which thcso sights and sounds produced. Kvon
upon Fraser, cool and dcliboriitivo as he was, they were
not without their inllunnce. They stirred up in him
mimeious warlike associations, bringing the events of
other days vividly to his remembrance ; and never had
Nlnry-teller a more willing auditor than 1 proved when
he began their recital. Thus, in listening to his ac-
counts of former bivouacs, which ho occasionally inter-
rupted as the wild notes of the soldiers' songs rose
high, I passed the better portion of that night ; nor did
\ so much ns lie down till long after ho had ceased
,•,;
lo s|>cak, and the majority of the army were liisl
asleep.
It was still dark, when n general stir among the
troops put an end In my slmnliers. I started up, anil
liiund that our people were already fiirniing, though,
whether as a measure of mire precaution, or as a pre-
paration for an attack, no one appeared lo know. Like
the rest, I seized iiiy arms, and hurried lo iny post; but
hour after lioiir stole on, without bringing mutters to an
issue, and when day had fully dawned, wo were slill
stationary. At last an order arrived for the men lo pile
their arms, and prepare breakfast; and it was surmised
at oiiep, that on this day at least, no attempt would bo
made upon lliu enemy's entronehinents.
Though disappointed in no trifiing degree at the tenor
of these instructions, wc lost no time in currying Ihein
implicitly into ctlcct. We addressed ourselves to the
olfice of cooking, and a hearty meal came not the less
aceeplably on account of the regret which wc could not
but experience that our nioHicnts should be wasted at
a juncture so critical. This was barely finished, and
Kraser and myself were preparing lo puss the day as
men are accustomed to s|)ciid their time in camp durin<
a season of temporary rest, when a dense smoke sud
denly rising from iho left of the enemy's position, ar-
rested our tttlcntion. An alarm spread that our oppo-
nents were moving ; and the bugles sounding to arms,
the troops were accoutred and in order of march in five
minutes. By and by, an Indian was seen at full speed
hastening from the onlposts, who paused only to ascer-
tain where General Burgoyne was lo bo found, and then
hurried on, without so much as dropping a llinl touch
iiig the cause of his abrupt arrival. As a matter ol
course, thcso occurrences hapiiening thus closely the
one upon the other, stiricd up in us a confident expecta-
tion of iiuinediate service; nor were wc deceived. The
Indian had not passed ten ininulcs,when an aide-de-camp
made his appearance on the ground, with orders tor
Frascr's Marksmen and the red warriors to move brisk-
ly to the left, and Iho rest of the brigade to advance ul
the same moment inoic slowly and steadily to the front.
The Americans, it apjiearcd, having set fire to their
block house, and abandoned the saw mills, were con
cenlrating upon their main |)osition ; to prevent which,
by cutting oti'the corps in retrogression, was the design
of our present movement.
Not a moment was lost in carrying these orders into
execution. Whilst the main body, in compact and im-
posing array, took the road to iMount Ho|ie ; the marks
men, with their savage allies, filed to the left, and were
soon concealed from the observation both of friends and
Iocs, in a deep (brest. But wc were guided by a savage
to whom every loot of ground in this country was fami-
liar. He led us through a winding glen round the ba.so
of the very hill from which the enemy's coluiim was
ascertained to be descending, and brought us to a point
of all others the best suited for the particular object
which we desired to attain. It was a thick copse skirt
ing the open path which communicated between the
.saw mills and the lines, and by which the garrison ol
the former must of necessity pass, in order lo ellbct a
junction with their comrades.
We lay hero perhaps a quarter of an hour, when the
scouts who had been extended to the right, in order lo
give notice of the enemy's movements, came in with in
telligence that they were approaching. Every man was
instantly on the qui rife, and with the exception of a
licking of gun locks, not a sound could ho heard from
one fiank of the ambuscade to the other. We now
listened, with what feelings I leave you to judge, for
the tread of feet ; nor did any great space of time elapse
ere it became audible. It was easily ascertained, like-
wise, from the cadence of the march, lliat a considerable
body of men were near us, and that they wore pursuing
their journey, rapidly indeed, but apparently in little
order, and altogether unsuspicious of danger. All this
was as it was desired to be. The great end to be ob-
tained by us, was lo (:crniit the enemy's line of march
to come so completely in contact with us, that every
shot thrown in upon their Hank would tell; and had
this been done, there is little probability that a man of
the detached corps would have escaped. But, strange
to say, the Indians, on other occasions so noted for pa-
tience, ruined all by precipitancy. The head of the
oneniy's column was yet a full hundred yards from our
ambuscade, when several of the red warriors fired.
Their example was instontly followed by Ihe whole
body, who threw away their ammunition for no purjiose,
and then springing forward with hideous yells, rushed
hatchet in hand towards the enemy. The latter, who
had halted and b<!gun to form as soon us the first shots
alarmed ihcin, now broke and lied in ail directions;
and lliough we, as well ns the Indians, puisucd with all
ir iniglil, they easily contrived lo iiutslrip us. Scarcely
a dozen men lel\ nniler the scallcriiig fire wliicii was
kept up upon llieiu ; and the remainder escaped, by
twos and threes, within their lines.
Nothing coiihl exceed Ihe chagrin and mortification
experienced by our gallant leader on this occasion, — a
feeling in which hi" ■■"iiipany, one and all, deeply shared.
Onr plans had licen digested with so much care, and
niattcrs hud, up lo the lust mnmciit, proceeded so hap-
pily, that we laid onr account with a victory, not moro
easy of allaimnent than important in its results. Our
dl.sappointmeiit was, in consequence, the greater, when
the miserable issue became certain : not was it possible
lo hinder the men from expressing themselves in Icrmu
which were far from proving salisliiclory lo the haughty
savages. From that time, it may bo said that all cor-
diality between us and the Indians ceased. The Utter
Ibllowed us, indeed, in the hope of plunder, and liccauss
they regarded us as the more powerful of the bclligerenl
parties; but they wcie no longer allies on whom it
would have been prudent to depend in case of any seri-
ous dilliculties or reverses. Nevertheless, the rccon-
iioisance, generally, was not without its advantages.
Fraser's and Philips's corps possessed themselves of
iMount Hope, a poinl from which a commanding view
could he. obtained over the whole chain of the enemy's
works; and hero we passed the night, as we had done
the pri^ceding, in bivouac round our fires.
Liltlc occurred during the two Ibllowiiig days worthy
of i)articulur notice. The enemy having turned a bat-
tery of lour pieces towards the ground of our encamp-
ment, kept up a ceaseless cannonade, from which no
loss, and very lillle uneasiness was experienced ; whilst
on our parts the greatest exertions were mode lo bring
up guns, stores, baggage, and provisions. But with the
exception of a trifling skirmish or two of no moment, at
the outposts, all remained, as far as wc were concerned,
profoundly quiet. But decisive measures were never-
theless in progress, and steps were quietly but surely
taken, to render the lines of Ticondcrogu untenable.
On the south side of the communication between
Lakes George and Clmmplain, stands a bold and rocky
mountain, called Mount Jlcfianee, which completely
commands and overlooks both the Fort of Tieonderoga,
and the line of enlrenchmenls which leant upon it.
How the enemy came to neglect this height I krxiw not,
unless indeed the abruptness of its ascent led them to
suppose that it would bo impracticable to drag cannon
to its summit, and hence that its occupation by us would
either not be allcmpted, or if attempted would product-
no usefiil consequences. If such was really fhejr cx|icc-
tation, nothing could be more groundless; for the hilfl
being seized in the night by a party of light infiinlry,
long before dawn some pieces of heavy artillery were al
its base, and the most active preparations were imme-
diately made for transporting them, with a due supply
of ammunition, to the summit. Bui for the latter ope-
ration there was no need. The enemy no sooner ob-
.scrveil that we had established a post there, limn the
perils of their situation liecaine manifest to them, and
their future directions were directed exclusively to se-
ciire a speedy and safe retreat.
On the night of the ."itli of July, it fill to the lot of
Fraser's Alarksiiien to be put in charge of a picket.
The proximity of our post, which lay about half-way
down lln" steep, and on that side of the hill which com-
inanils a view of Tieonderoga, enabh d ns lo ascertain
with |K'rfect accuracy all that was [Kissing within the
lines. Not a niovemeiit was made, nor a word spoken,
which onr advanced sentries fiiiled to delect; and as we
had been particularly cautioned lo keep onr senses fully
on the alert, there was no lack of attention on the part
eilher of men or nflieers. For some hours af^cr sunset
all things went on as they had been in the habit of pro-
eeeding during many evenings befiire. The American vi-
ilettes took their customary stations upon the rampart,
anil a patrol pushed out from lime lo time, felt its way, as
it had previously done, as far as the challenge of our peo-
ple permitted. In like manner we stole forward at in-
tervals, so as to look down into tliu ditch ; and except
when an occasional shot told that one or other of these
reconnoitring parlies had been discovered, nothing took
place calculateil to draw our thoughts out of their ordi-
nary channel. But things were destined not to continue
thus for ever. Midnight must have been close at hand
when a change look place in the order of affairs ; and
our \ igilancc, which had liegun in some degree to relax,
was again called into full exercise.
m
i
hi
4«
SARATO<iA.
M
1. 1' >
,.r
Tlio moon, wliicli, diiriii]^ the early part of tliu niglit,
shed a feeble glimmer abroad, sank bencutli the horizon,
and its setting was followed by an exceedingly tliick
darkness. No stars could be distinguished, lor there
was a sort of fog hanging in the atiuospherc which com-
pletely shrouded them, though it gave no indication of
rain or stormy wt^ather : when there arose all at once
from the interior of thi. fort and lines a clamour of
voices, as if thousands of |)er3ons were anxious to give,
and none willing to receive instructions. This was fol-
lowed by a s)id(len mnothering up of the tires, which
liad hitherto smouldond redly and gloomily ; and then a
confused tread of I'eet, like that of men hurrying to and
fro in confusion, became distinctly audible. As we
were fidly aware of the great ijnportance of Mount De-
fiance as well to the enemy as to ourselves, the idea na-
turally occurred th.it a sortie was about to be made ; and
we stood to our arms in the firm cxiwclation that in a
few moments more we should be engaged. But aller
listening with intense anxiety a full hour, during which
time not a shot nor a challenge gave warning of advanc-
ing columns, that suspicion gradually yielded to another,
and we began to calculate upon the very mancEuvre
which General St. IJlair was performing. Information
wag accordingly sent to General Frascr's head quarters,
and we held ourselves in readiness to act in any manner
which he might point out.
Whilst iho rest of the company remained in an atti-
tude of defence, I took with me a single trusty compa-
nion, and stole forward with the view of penetrating, if
possible, within the enemy's works, and of ascertaining
by personal observation the object of tliis commotion.
'I'he darkness favoured us greatly, and we found, on
reaching the crest of the glacis, that the sentinels, more
attentive to what was passing among their friends than
their enemies, paid no heed whatever to us or our move-
ments. We accordingly descended, unnoticed, inlo the
ditch, and turning to the right groped our way along,
till a palisade Iriezed at the toji, arrested us. With
come difliculty we scrambled over it ; atler which we
found ourselviis in a covered way leading from one of
the more advanced works into the l)ody ol the place, and
beheld a large portion of the American army tbrmcd be-
aide their fires, at the distance of some twenty or thirty
paces from the bjotI where wo were standing. For-
tunately for us, these men wore too busy to overliear the
noise which we had made in passing the palisade ; and
tliougli the light of their fires rendered them visible to
us, we, who kept in the shade remained roncealed.
We instantly crouched down upon our bellies, and
creeping close to the para|)el, liy at length under its
shadow, where w<.' could overhear distinctly every word
that was spoken, and yet ran little risk of detection.
A few miuuti's sulliced to complete what now proved
to be the pro|)aratory arrangement of the parade, — when
a mounted oliicer giving the word " ^lareh," the enemy's
column advanctd, to our great horror, along the covered
way. They moved, however, in the strictest order, and
in profound Filence, no man apparently looking either to
liis right or lell; and two entire battalions filed past,
within three feet of us, without discovering that we
were there. How my comrade felt during this tremen-
dous interval I know not, but I confess tiiiit with me
physienl alarm far outweighed every other emotion ; and
that I did not even allempt to ascertain the immbers or
quality of the troops which passed me thus closely. ( >n
the contrary, I lay Hat upon niy face, keeping my mouth
•"lose to the ground, lest niy bri'iUhing, or the violent
boating nf iny heart, should betray me; nor was it till
the recedinij noine of footsteps assured me of danger past,
that I tcx>k euuruge to look round. That glance, liow-
nvcr, proved al)und.'inlly satisfactory. It inliirnn-d me
that the army was gone, that the fort and lines were en.
tirely evaeniiled, and that the enemy, I'rom whom wi
nnticipaliMl a re^'istanec so iliH|H'ralo, were in full
ictreut. With fee lings of the livi'liest salisl'aclion wi
hastened back to our |HiKt in orihr lo rejHirt Ibis very
unlooked-for event to our inmniaMder ; and in two hours
after, the whole llritisli army was roused, and a vigor
ous pursuit begnii.
(HAHTKU m.
(General liurgoyne, who had pnssed the night on IsHiril
of one of the frigates, was no »«Miner inliirnied of the
enemy's flight, than he made disjinsitiivns lo follow them
up with the greatesl vigour. 'I'he lleet immediately
weighed anehiir, and bearmg down with irreNlHlilde iiii-
Iirtuoaity njHin the Ixsjin, destroyed, in tin' course of two
iiMirs, a harrier which It had occupied alinoHt as many
wcf ks to construct. This done, and a considerable body
of troojis embarked, all sail v\'as set in pursuit of the
American tintilla, of which, long before evening, our
brave seamen gave, to use thc'r own phraseology, an ex-
cellent account. They overtook their op|)oncnts moored,
and, perfectly ignorant of their danger, beside tlie wharf
at Skeensborougli ; and though they failed in making
many prisoners, every galley and batteaii wa» cither
captured or destroyed. *■
In the mean while our brigade followed, at on intc: -
val somewhat too great, by that of General Rcidcsdel,
crossed Lake Chaniplain, and commenced a rapid pur-
suit alter the enemy's land column, which was ascer-
tained to have fallen back on tlie road to Hubberton.
No great while elapsed ere the marksmen and Indians,
of whom the advanced guard was composed, overtook
the rear of the flying enemy, when a broken and desul-
tory, but not very destructive skirmish, began. But
though interesting enough to witness, the skirmish led
to no im|X)rtant results j for the country was tliick and
encumbered, the enemy quick in their movements, anil
our |K'ople, worn out with *a night of watching, began
before long to exhibit symptoms of fatigue. Besides,
we were far a-head of all support, even the rest of the
brigade being many miles behind us ; and hence, what-
ever advantages we might happen to obtain, could not,
for want of physical Ibrce, be turned to account. Our
leader, under these circumstances, determined, after
driving in the rear of the Americans upon their main
body, to halt ; and this he accordingly did in a grove
not far from Castletown ; where our people, after re-
freshing themselves from the contents of their havre-
sacks, lay down, and slejit soundly for about two hours.
Whilst we were thus employed. General Rcidcsdel,
with his brigade, came up, and a sort of council of war
was immediately held between him and our brigadier.
The latter, having ascertained that the enemy's rear
guard was in force, and that it lay considerably apart
from- the main body, being only three leagues ahead of
our present position, suggest<'d the possibility of cutting
it off; and proposed lor that purpose to resume his
march, so that he might pass the night in the immediate
presence of the Americans. By this means he hoped to
take them by surprise on the first return of light ; and
he entertained no doubt, in case this could be done, of
obtaining an easy victory. General Rcidcsdel, though
naturally cautious, offered no objection to the measure ;
our (icoplc were accordingly roused about an hour before
sunset, and we once more advanced with great caution
and in good order. Every thing was conducted with
the happiest success. No scouts or flying parties met
us, and we bivouacked that night within three miles of
the American pickets, which entertained not the slightest
suspicion that we Imd inssed Castletown. I need
not add, that strenuous exertions were used to hinder
the intelligence of our approach from reaching them.
No fires were lighted, nor did any man dream of wan-
dering beyond the ground of the bivouac ; indeed, the
sentries received strict orders not lo |K'rmit any indivi-
dual, no matter what his rank or occupation inigir lie, to
pass their chain either lo the front or rear. All parties
ob<'yed these instructions with the most exact fidelity,
and the sneress of the morrow's iqicrations sei ved amply
lo ri'i'oiniM'ise the corps for the privations to which this
lem|H)rary confinenient subjected them.
It was yet |Hrl(elly dark, when the word to rise and
fall in, passeil quietly from man to man, put an end to
our rejiose. It was oU'ved in profoimil silenie ; and in
silenire ei|nally profound, our little column pushed for-
ward. We tolloweil a sort of rude path through thi-
heart of a f iresi, whieli seemcil to have Is'cn lately c;ut,
and led to the (Hiiiit where the rnnds from Skeensboroiigh
to Ilubberlon and Charlestown in the New Hampshire
(■rants diverge. It was hero that wo came in sight of
the American out|HiKls. They occupied the riilge of a
steep hill, sending down their Hentries almost to its base ;
and though it was very evident, IVoiii the bustle which
pi^rvadeil Ihini, that cmr arrival had not been anticipated,
they nevurtiieh'ss stood to their arms like men, and made
ready lo receive us.
To dlsl<Hlge them from the high ground, and lake |ms-
session of it ourselves, was the work nf a mniiienl. Not
n shot, indwd, was find on our side, in liringiiig this
alHiiit ; nor did the enemy |iauso for more than n single
iliseharge, when, selling the orders and remonHtranees
of Ihrir olllcers at defiance, (hey broke, and fled with
preeipilrilion down the opisisile sIoik'. There lliey join-
ed the main IxHly, whieh, we weri' given to underntanil, fell
not short of fifteen hundred men ; and whieh, under
the orders of a gallant soldier, Colimel Francis, was al-
ready in order eitlier tu receive or uive un attack.
For a mumenl or two tftrr our hitle column crowned
the ridge, there was a sort of pause, during which the
hostile leaders mutually reconnoitred the force piul dis.
positions of the enemy. It was sufficient to satisfy belli
of tlie steps wiiich it behoved them to follow, and it was
not needlessly protracted. There was a commanding
hill on the Ictt, which, to both parties, presented peculiar
advantages, and General Frascr instantly resolved to oc-
cupy it. For this purpose, Fraser's marksmen were di-
rected to move ofl' in double quick time — an order which
was promptly obeyed ; but we were yet half way from
tlie summit, when an American detachment showed it-
self pushing for the same point, and ascending by one
side, as we mounted the other. The enemy crowned the
hill before us ; and saluting us as we drew near, witli a
sharp volley, seemed resolute to maintain it. But tlicir
resolution soon gave way. Raising a cheer, wc rushed
forward, firing in files as we proceeded ; upon which the
enemy first wavered, then fell back, and finally fled in
confusion. We gave them no time to rally, but, rushing
down the declivity in pursuit, found ourselves in a few
moments warmly engaged witli a force, which, at the
most moderate calculation, doubled us in numbers.
The Americans felt their superiority, and being well
led on by a very brave soldier, tliey stood tlieir ground
nobly. Declining a little to tlieir right, they soon out.
flanked us, and |)Ourcd in so heavy a fire from behind
certain logs and fallen trees, that the Indians gave way,
and wo ourselves were coni|>eUed, after losing several of
our comrades, to yield ground. })ut at tliis moment, two
companies of grenadiers scramblin<r up tlie steep face of
Mount Pittslbrd, unexpectedly showed ^lieniBcIvesupon cur
left ; when tlie enemy were again checked, again wavered,
and appeared on tlie point of giving way. Colonel Francis,
however, was too well aware of the importance of tlm
height lightly to abandon it. He brought up fresh troops,
giving tliem courage and confidence by his example ; and,
rallying the fugitives roimd him, renewed the contest with
obstinate valour. The firing now extended on both sides
from right to left of tlie line, both parties fighting, ai the
nature of the country required, a la tirailleur; but there
was tills marked din'ercncc between them, that the Ame-
rican skirmishers were animated by seeing tlieir support
at hand, whereat, wc were far in advance of ours, and
knew not when it might arrive. Happily, however, ii
was n'ot very distant. General Rcidcsdel had heard the
firing, and pressed on with tlie head of his eolimin ; and
he brought up about two hundred men at a moment when
they were sorely needed ; tliese no sooner showed them-
selves than a panic seized the Americans, who broke and
fled in all directions. Nothing could exceed the gallantry
of Colonel Francis at this juncture. Hi^ rode from rank
to rank, and from man to man, seizing some by tlic collar,
striking others with the fiat of his sword, and cheering,
and doing his utmost to arrest the fiight ; nor is it by any
means iini)oKsible,eoiiBidering the great superiority of tlii'
enemy's numbers, that even now Tiis eftbrts iniglil have
insured IIk; victory. But just as he had succeeded in
rallving a few companies, and was advancing boldly ol
their head, a bullet st:'uck him in the throat, and ho fell
lifeless from his horse. The Americans scarcely pansiil
to look u|Min him as lie lay. Diving into the reccsies ul
the forest, they were sism lieyond the reach of any otliir
than a scattered and disorderly pursuit.
Our loss in this afl'air was not great, and the fiicilily
Willi which a half brigade, mustering in all no mop
than eight hundred and filly men, had driven a very nil
|H'rlor ibrce IVom a imsilion of great strength a|id ditli
cully, served not a lillle lo increase tiie eonfidenee which
all of us experienced, both in ourselves and in oiii
leader)!. We assembled u|H>n the field in that state ul
exeilement, which invariably afleeU men after on aflujr
in which they have Is en vielorious, and prepared to pmh
forward whithersiM'ver llie general might direct; but tlir
last n'iinmer of light having already expired, and ttw
IriMips sulfering severely IVom fatigue and inanition, il
was not judged iirndent to advance far beyond Ihf,
ground which we liad won A bivouui^ was a^^rdingly
formed in fVont of Ihe |KH.ition lately (K'cnpW by thi
enemy, whi're our lillle eor|w was scsm joined by lln
rest of Ihe (ierinan brigade ; and here, after burying Ihi
dead, arranging Ihe pickets, and regaHiig niirselvrs upon
Kiieli provision as sllll remained in our havresacki, wr
|uissed an extremely agreeable and quiet night, — I lirW
not say that our sIiiiiiImts were thoroughly unhrnken.
Long iH'fore dawn on Ihe morning of Ihe Hlh, nm
lillle eolumii was again under arms; and having wailii!
only till there was light enough to guide our ste|M, lli'
mitreh, in the direction of Skeenslmrough was resunirii
This was eerlaiiily not "ue of the many phnsoiil <hl<
which it has Im'i>ii my good fortune to |mms m the serviir
When wo first fell In, the heavrns were black «iili
fVOL.
■r
VBoIh Ag
sc, during which the
cd the force juid dis-
Dicicnt to satisry both
1 to I'ollow, and it was
was a commanding
ics, presented peculiar
itontly resolved to oc.
a marksmen were di.
Lime — an order which
■e yet half way from
itaclinicnt showed it-
jid ascending by one
10 enemy crowned Uic
Kc drew near, witli a
laintnin it. But tliclr
g a cheer, we rushed
;ded ; upon which the
:k, and finally fled iii
I to rally, but, rushing
tid ourselves in a few
force, which, at the
us in nmnbers.
iority, and being well
ly stood tlieir ground
right, they soon out-
y a fire from behind
lie Indians gave way,
after losing several of
It at tliis moment, two
kg up tlic steep face ol'
;d tJicniselves upon our
icckcd, again wavered,
way. Colonel Francis,
10 importance of tliis
rouglit up fresh troops,
c by his example ; and,
iicwcd tlic contest with
extended on both sidea
[Hirtics fighting, ai the
I liraiUeur; but there
n them, that tlio Amc
y seeing tlicir support
advance of ours, and
Happily, however, il
lidcsdel had heard the
Ld of his column ; and
leii at a moment when
^ sooner showed them-
ricans, who broke and
Id cxiHi'd the gallantry
Ho rode from rank
ng some by the collar,
Hvvord, and cheering,
llijiht ; nor is it by anj
at superiority of the
elTorts iniglil have
e had succeeded in
ndvnnciiig boldly m
he tliront, and he fell
ins scarcely pousni
into the recesses of
reach of any other
suit.
at, iiiul the ftcility
ring ill all no inorr
nd driven a very «u
strength a|id ditlV
tlie (.nnfuldU'c which
rs('l\t's nnd in niii
fii'hl in that state nl
iiH'ii nller an alYait
iind prepared to piwli
ight ilirect ; but the
ly expired, and tlif
rue and inunitiuii, il
far beyond the,
lilac was n^rdingly
tely iM'eiinW by Ihi
siHin joined by th»
■re, iiller burying Ihi
[aliiig ourselves upon
(inr linvresacks, »»
(piirt night, — I iiffil
oiiglily unbroken.
ing of Ihr Hlh, niir
anil having waili'd
guide our Bteiw, Ik
riiiigli wns resumrii
iiiuiiy phasaiit thy
III |Ni8s 111 the service
IS were black wiik
w^isi^a®^^ oam^®ii* oimswiEjik^OT^ miiemi
TOL. I.
PHILADELPHIA, FEBitUARY 5, 1833.
^^). 1.
1=
I'RINTKD A^D I' imunMlCD BY AHAM VVALDIE, No. 0, North EiullTll stbkit, l'llil.Aiiti.l'iii.i— .M J'."i I'm 5i nilinlii r', piiyabli' in a l\
,v i. U. S. WOOD, I'HINTKRS iSn I'lJUMSllKKS, Nkw Y.IKK,
IboI^ Agpiiis Slid l>uU!i.hti» liir the »;aie of New York mid nil the New England smics.
I i
PJ:1;0NIX N. WhOD tc t O llniiKM:Li.r:iis,
Pole Airenis for the Hiului of Ataryliitiil, Virgin a, .-imI l):ii'i, ai.
n.vl.ri.Miiul-,
I iIh'cii\ of V. w
joudi , and the movement had scarcely commenced, ere
{e ruin began to descend with a degree of violence,
■bch as in England, at least, cannot be conceived. It
was not so much a shower, as a sheet of water, which
Mmc as if a river had been diverted from its course, and
Sks falling over some broken bank ; insomuch that in
Se minuU-s there was not a man in the whole corps
^osc garmenU were not thoroughly saturated. Never-
Aclcss we pushed on, if not with our usual cheerfulness,
^ all events without repining, and came in witliout the
?ieurrcnce of a single adventure, -mn after noon, to
keensborough. It was a large ami thriving village,
ell situated at tlie extremity of Lake Chaiiiploin, at the
JtDad of Wood ("reek, and near the confluence of the
South and East rivers ; and could boast even then of a
Slcrable wharf, beside which was moored the whole of
iu flotilla, whilst the head quarters of the army were
Mtablished in the town itself. I need scarcely add, that
tfre found all classes of persons here in the highest ima-
ginable spirits. The fleet and army, tliongh acting in-
dependently of one another— the latter, indeed, innumer-
" 19 petty detachments, and as it were in detail — had
oved victorious every where ; and of the good cflccts
victory at the outset of a cain[)aign, every one ac-
aintcd with such niatt.Ts must be aware. Tliere was
it a man attached to the expedition who apjicared to
jubl as to its ultimate success, or desired any tiling farther
an permission to press forward without a moment's dc-
y. Unfortunately, however, tlie general saw, or iina.
ncd obstacles, such as to hinder his immediate iiidul
nice of thai giiUiint longing. The detached parties
.ing called in, a second review took place, after which
'e were formally |ilaced in position ; and from that hour
ir privations, as well as evil fortune, may be said to
,ve had their conmiencement
By this new arrangement the main body of the army
imd itself placed in line along Tie heights of Skccns-
rough, with its loft upon Wood Crci^k, and its right on
rugged inountain. To protect it from any tiling like
urprise, as well as to secure water carriage in nil dircc-
ions, dying corps were at the same time established at
arious point8,^K)ne upon the Castletown road, another
jpon the roads to Putney and Rutland, and a third
in commuaication between East river and Castletown.
'his dono, strong working parties were sent out day af-
ter day, for tlio purpose of removing such obstacles as
Llie enemy had thrown in the way of our farther progress,
I need scarcely remind you, that forty years ago British
irinins moved rather more according to rule tlian tliey
1 io at prcM'nl, and that the possibility of undertaking any
thing until niagaiiiies had lieen established, was rarely,
! if ever admitted. In the true spirit of these tactics, it
'' KU no sooner discovered that tlio eneiiiy, by sinking
itonrs and logs of wood in the elmiiml of WixkI Creek,
lid rendered the navigation difficult, except to the lighlest
Mtteanx, than tlie whole army was employed in weighing
Jicm ; and as wo were miserably supplied with the iinple.
nentf necessary for such operations, our progress was at
inc» very slow and very painful, 'rhen again, though
he greater porlinn of the summer wns yrt In'Rire us, and
10 country abounded with wood and other natiiriil cover,
. was ilceiiu.'d totally irreguliiT In move without tents ;
nd as thoe had nil Ikv ii left liehind nt Tieii'"loroga,
iieli precious time wns expanded in bringing lliein up.
ho eoiiM'(|iieiiee of alt this was, first, that the enemy
ere niabled to eolleel their scattered enlumns, to rut up
,e roails in our front, and mature their plans for defenrr i
id se.imdiy, that the nrdimr of our own |iroplo, which,
td pr.iiKr advantage liern taken of il, would have over-
>ine oil diHieiilties, was allowed to evaporate. Though
e rcai'hcd Skeeiisliornugh on the !lth, the end of June
as at lisiiil ere we ijuitted it, and the SOth fuuiiil us only
1 Fort Kdward : twenty days having been expanded in
aversing twenty miles of road, which the labour of niir
wii lianils had eoiistrui'l)<d.
It is lint worth while to ofTer any lengtlienrd detail of
>ur priH'eediiigs for miiiie time after we had n-aelied (hat
irl. They rrseinbled in most |mrtieiilnrs those wliirli
arked our previous progress; for (he enemy lulling re.
iinteil to Sarnlngn, on the other side of the river, the
ill) lio|H' which had Isun iioiirishcd of bringing thriii
I ni'lioii iliiiiimH-nri'il. t,<'t it siilliee to proiioimiM'
lirse iiirlsnelioly words — We halliil. True, our provi-
inns wtrc sliiirl, — liow enulil Iher bo otbrrwisr, willi nil
army which marched at tlie rate of only one mile per Colonel St, Legcr would \ic lii Ihcii n ar ; i.ud kIkiuI
day? — and our chief could not go on till he had collect- 1 they succeed in escipiiig Loth ilivi.ioiis, llicii wns U
ed supplies sullicicnt to ensure him against all risk ol'
starving ; but the halt was the reverse of a season of rest
to the unfortunate troops, who were more than ever op-
pressed in bringing up stores, which, had com non dili-
gence been used, would not have liecii needed. Not a
day passed which saw not whole brigades executing the
otfaces of baggage animals, carrying by manual labour
stores which were consumed as fast as brought up, and
wasting their strength for no purixisc!. But there is as
little satisfaction in reporting such transactions, as in
listening to the reimrt when made. Let me therefore
avail myself of tliis li^isurc to state to you more fully
than I have yet done, the general plan of the eainp,iiyii
in which we were now embarked.
The great object which General Burgoyne sought to
obtain was to force his way down the coursi; of tlie Hud-
son, and I allying round him, ns he proceeded, as luaiiy
loyalists as those to follow his fortunes, to cflc'ct a junc-
tion with the army of General Howe, then bloeUnilcd in
New 'Vork. To facilitate this measure, by distracting tlie
attention of the enemy, a smaller exiicdition, under the
orders of Colonel St. Leger, had been organised, which,
moving tlirough tlio western part of Chester County,
threatened Fort Stanwix, a rudely fortified station upon
the Mohawk. Colonel St. Legcr's force was extremely
weak, particularly in troops of the line, — of which no
more than four hundred, and those coni|)osed of detach-
ments fVoin difitrent regiments, served under him ; nnd
the whole, including rrovincials, t'.iiiadians, nnd some
hundreds of IiidLiiiH, barely came up to twelve hundred
men. He pushed forward, however, witli diligence, nnd
on the 3d of August invested the fortress, .^ending intelli-
gence at the same time to the general in chicl'ofiiis situ-
ation ; and in two days aftcrward.4 he had the good ibr-
luno to surprise and cut tn pieces a body of eight hundred
Americtms, when on their mnreli to relievo the garrison.
So fur all things had succeeded according to our wish;
but Colonel St. Leger grnduuUy found, that in the cxpec
tntions which hu had been led to Ibrin respecting the toy
ally of the inhabitants of the invaded ilistriet, the gross-
est imiMwitions had licen prnctised nn him. Instead of
crowds of volunteers, snrcoly an individual caiiie tn his
camp ; and of tlic few who did come, it was more than
Buspcctetl, that by far the greater projwrtion cr.mc willi a
treacherous intention.
Tlint these ndvantiiges, trilling as they were, might not
be wholly wasted, it became incumlieni on (ieneral Bur-
goyne to advance without delay, — whilst the deplorabh
deficiency in the means of Iransimrt under which he la
tmiircd, seemed to render all atteinpt." nt moving Ihr ar
my fruitle.-.-. Though our troops had toiled williniil
intcrniission during tlirie whnle weeks, there was in
camp no greater stock of provisiors Ihan promised to
sufllee for four days' ronsuin|itioii ; nnd In ninve forward
with a supply so slender, into a desert country, appeared
to n lender of the old school little better thnn iiisniiity. I
have called it a desert country, not only with reftrence to
it« nntiirnl sterility, — and Hea\eii knows it was shrile
cnuiigh, — hut lieeauio of the pains which were Inkrn, nnd
iinfiirtunately with loo great sm cess, to sweep its liw
cultivated s|iots of all nrlicles likely to benefit the invnihrs.
In doing this, tli, enemy showed no elenicncy i ither t
friend or fiic. All the fielils of standing corn were laid
waste, the cattle wns driven nwny, nnd every imrlicle of
grain, as will as morsi-1 of grass, rarefiilly removed, — so
that wo n>iild ile|K'nd for subsi.stence, bolh fiir mi'ii »n<)
horses, onlv ii|H>ri the magazines which we miglil our-
selves establish, lliil our draft nnimnls were wt iiinder|nn|p
In the ronveynnce of stores, that no inngniinr lind ns yet
liecn fiirmcd farther in ndvnnce tliun Knit George; nnd
Fort (ieorgc wns too iniu h in the rrnr In lie of nerviee ns
a bnse of nnerntinns, after we slinuld linve qnillrd tlwi
position which we nnw oeeiipnd,
I have said llial the .\nicric,m n'iny relreated ns wi
ndvnnced, cutting up llie roads, nnd <l>'vnsluting the fnci'
of the rnuiilry over which Ihey passcil. They were lin« ,
aei'nrdiiig to the best accounts which »i' I'oidd rcci ive,
nt Snrntngn, a hniidel, or rither fiirin on the hfi liiiiik of
the HuilNon, and nlsiiit linlf way iHlwein r,.i( Kdwnrd
and the Mnliuwk. Il seemed sdvisiblr In (ii m ml lliir.
fNivii" to llirealeii IhcmlhrfC. Inrif lliey risked an ailinii,
le Imd no apprebrnsiniii ns to the rifiill ; if they r< lirrd.
roiid to Albany thrown open, and tlie piineipul dchi^in of
the inroad attained. Increasid c.tertioiis were l< eoMUii);ly
u.scd to bring a llotilla from the liKes In the nearest navi-
gable point in the river; and so unieinittiiig were they,
that before the close of the first week in Aii;.-iist, a enii-
siderable numlier of boats and barges, laden willi su( h
stores as could be fiirwarded, were launched uimn the
stream, and ready to accompany the army.
Whilst these projects were in conteiiiphition, and t!ie
above means ndojitcd fiir bringing Ihriii tn an i.^Mir, a
piece of information was obtained at head qii.nrtus, v, hicli
promised to bring about the happir.t result.-, by ri lii viiig
us at once IVniii all the einljarr.issiiiints iLltcniiuiil uiru
meagre supplies nnd inadi<|iiale ineaiis of transpnrt.
About twenty iiiile.j tn tlie eastward nl' tiie Ihuknii, liia
the obscure village of Ilcniiiiigtoii,— a (■lu^ler of pnnr cr.l.
lages, situated in a wild country, htlwiiii the forks nftlio
Ilosa.ic, Hero the enemy linil ^ratluTuI tf)i;itli('r a ci.ii-
sideruble depot nf c;,ttlc, enrii, horses, and whei 1 carriages,
most of which were drawn neross the Cnnnertieiit Kiver
from the provinces of Xew Fuglaiid ; and ns il was un-
derstood to Ik^ guarded by a party of militia only, an r.l-
linipt to surprise it sci nail by no means unjustiliabh'. It
is true that Ktwetn Fort Edward and Iiciininyti n, llm
means of coinmmiienlion were exceedingly dcfii live.
One prodigious ibrest bott«niid in swamps and iiiorassip,
covered the whole face of the country; through which,
no body of men, unless tamiliarly accustomed to .^-ucli cx-
|>cditinii.s, could 1io|k' to make their way, nt all events \v ith
celerity. But the necessities of the army were pressing;
the stateofthe campaign wasa erilical one ; nndtlie risk,
though doubtless gn at, w as coiisiiiercd by no means to
niitweigli the ndvaiitngcs tn be derived from surcest'.
General Burgoyne determined tn ineiir it; and a fivv
hours sufiici d for the final ariangi iiieiit of hi.; plan, and
drawing up of lii.s iiistrnetinns.
There were nitaclied tn our little iirmy, two hundred
German dragoons; men of tried valour and eiiterpri.-c,
but destitute of liorscs. These (he general sclceted an
part of the force to be eniplnycd in the surprise of Ben-
iiington; not only licenuse he cnlertainid the mott per-
fect confidence in their steadiness, hut lieeause he eon-
ecived that in the country into which they were about to
|>enetrate, they might Ik' able tn pick up n sufiieienl mini-
her of horses for tlieir nun use. In adilition tn (licse, the
"anadinn It.ingers, a detaehineni of Vrn\iii( iais, abi.iit
cue hundred Indians, and Caplaiii Fraser's Mark.«iiici',
with two pieces of light cannon, were nllntted to this
service; and the whole, nniniinling to five hundred men,
were placid iiniler the orilirs of Liiiitenant Colonel
Bauiiic, The ladrr olfieer received special iii»triie(ioin
(o proceed with extreme cindion. He wns pnrticiilnrly
enjoined to keep his dragoons together, nnd (n feel his
way, font by fixit, with his light troops ahme ; and wliilit
it was broadly insinuated that he might look for reerrits
among the well ilisjioscil inhaliilanis, the greatest core
was taken (o impress him with the convietien, that (licy
were not to ]«- implicitly trusted. It wnnlil have been
well both fiir hinisi If unil his fiillnwers, had these ndvirea
been Fomewhal more carofiilly renicmlicred. But there
wns a fiilalKy a((ciidiiig nil niir mrnsiires, which snii
began to ilevehipe it«c II'; nnd perhaps the fate of the pio.
sent cxiieilition iniglit lo have Ihtii taken at a fair warn-
ing (if the iliistiny vihicli awniled tb:- nrmy d( Inige,
niAITER IV.
Though all thfse nrrnngements were eeniplftrd, nnd
the troops destined to fulfil (hem (old ofl' so early as ihe
III ginning of August, Iho middle nf ihc month wn* np-
prnnehing ere (his nttrmpt, on the siieerss of which so
nun II was siipisised In depend, was made. PerhniMi tliijc
wns no gnnl error here, more es|)<Tiiilly nn (he cohinin
bmhe up I'rnm its bivniine, nnd nilvaiieed (o Ihe point
wlirre llie Iliidsnii wnn In be i rn^^i il. Il wns a toilsome
and a ledinmi ninreh — n little, nnd but n lillle nihvened,
by a liiiriidess skirinisli, wliieli siine slrnggling Amrrl.
c alls ehn'e In mninlnin with our <h tnebed Imliniis, AC
ter I iidnrini; great prixniions with a spirit which fi'ihd
not In the Inst, our army nl length lenchnl il* destined
rHNliiii! pl.iec, mill took up n iHi^itii'ii nn the rnstein btlik
4*1
:■ ¥
1 *■
; I?
.5)
NAUAT(KJ.V.
I
i|
of tlic lliulsoM, ijiiiiii'dLitrly opixwitc to tlic lui;;liU of"
Warato;ra.
Tliis doiip, and tlic eiiciny liaviii;^ willidiawii as far as
Still Water, tlio "ji'iieral proecidcd to carry into execution
Ills |jrojocted (K'»ijrii ajfainst Heiminpfton. At an early
hour in tlie uiorui'iff of llie l:2tli, our little band, unin-
cumbered with any (luantity of bajjafajre besides that which
each man could conveniently carry upon his back, set
nut in direction of Jliltcu Kill, where it arrived, witliout
ini'tliiig willi any adventure, by toiir o'clock in the atler-
noon. Here we halted tor the niifht, by which ineanst a
roinpany of tilly chasseurs overtook us, whom (ieneral
Hur-joyne, distrustful of our stren;;th, sent to reinfiiree us;
hut at live next inorninij, we were aijain in motion, aiul
pushed eanliuiisly, llionf(h with a ijuink pace, in the di-
rection of (' imbridire. Our journey lliis day proved in
nisny rcs|Kcts more interesting- than any which we had
p'rli)rnicd since the pnrsuil troni Ticonderoirn. 'I'he
eountrv, as we advanced, exhibited jrreater si;rns of cull i-
v.ition, a field or two interpo.sin;f here and tliere amidol
the plains, and a lew detiched coltaifes lyinjf by the way
side ; whilst several of tlie coniitry people voluntarily
joined us, and took tlie oath of allejriance to the kin:;,
rrom thein \vi; learned that a company of Amerieans
had lioen lell in Cainbridifc a-s a jjuard over some cattle
whii'li were on llieir way to niimiiiLilon ; and as it was
deemed ol importance to s( ize sueli, wherever they could
be luund, our scouts were canimandcd to quicken their
pace, and surprise them.
I was not one of the party thus sent forward, that duty
liavinjr been enlrusted to thirty Provincials and tilly In-
dians : but tlic latter attained their object aller a triHin
Hkirinish, in which one man only was woundeil. Nothing!:
could be finer than t'lo etl'e( I produced by llie desuhory
lirinj; which was ki'pt up on tliat occasion by the rc-
Ireafmjr ene.iiy and our piirsiuis. It so happened that
the point wlicTC they fir- 1 met, thnii^jli covered with a
deep ami extensive Ion -I, was not incumbered by brush
wood or other d 'aienin;; tubitiUices; and hence each re-
port, ns it rolled from tree to tree and jjl-"''' '" irlade,
sounded as if not one but filly muskets had bein
fired. Vou vill eiisily bilieve lh;i( lln» lirsl discliaroc
rinsed m to quicken our pace, and lo recover our ranks,
which had b.'iruii lo stMirtrle ; bnl no opjK)rtmiity w-e
ulforded us of joiMiii;r. 'I'll.' enemy toiii;lit only lo escape,
and hence, when we reached ('ambri(li,'e, we found il in
lull occupation of our advance, which had made prizes ol
no iiKUjnsiderable <|UJiitity of eurLs and wagons, as well
as of cattli' and horses.
'I'he satisfielion ari^io',' from lhi> first success was not,
liowever, so ifreat as fo render us iiidilfirenl lo the nature
of the inlellii;i Mce which met us tin re. Insleail of four
nr five hundred men, it was aceiiralily asceilaini'd thai
not fewer thin < i'fhteen hundred were in Henniiiirloii ;
and lhout,Oi some appiarcil to be of opinion that lliey
would not wait lo reeelvi' us, there were others who
scrupled not lo lorelell a widely dill'erent resull. Now
in spite of our lale reinfiireemenf, our whole slriaiiilh fell
ronti'U r.ibly short of six hiinilnd men; and of Ihese a
full Inmdreil were Indi ms, on whom no (rreal relianei
could be placed, ^;!ill
hider his siluatioti seen
undersland liini, in very conteniptuoiis terms of tin
Americans, and busily cmployeil hinisi If in nicivin^r the
Hubmis'ion of the InhabilaiiN, who in (.rreat immlHTs
flocked to his stimdard. I'nforlmiately, Colonil ll.iunie
forjfot llie eaiilions which had been soslrontjiy impressed
upon liiill. He eonsidered all |srsoiis sincere who pro-
ft'sscil iittiiehment lo the royal I'.mse ; alliKlin;; in Iheir
presence, and without reserve, both to his own numbers
and di'siirns ; nnil as by fir the ^Tcaler proporlion were
in rialily traitors lo us, every cirenm-lanee eoimeited
A\'itli our dis|Hii>llinns and pl.iiK bieiimi' lis well known lo
the enemy iis to ourselves.
It was their le.idc r's intention lo march al oiwe iipmi
ni'unliifrlon ; for which piir|»isc his lilllf corps was innlrr
iirnis anrj in e.ilumn, loii<f iM'line sunri^'c on ihe I Jih.
1'or some lime our pro^riess was, as il had hilherlo been,
iiiiiin|H'<lcd ; but a" we approached llii' northern hramh
dfthi' lloitsae, by Ihe farm and liridire of Mnikoick, the
iirrnn';ements of the cm my ln'i.'iMi gradually lo ilcvi lopi
themselves,
A flying' party of .\inericann were discovered In frmil
<if the farm, which, on llie approach of our |icople, spread
themselves iilirii^r the undi Twisul ; and llicv were iiol dis-
lodifcd till afliT a irisid deal of firing', wliicli cium d us
pome loss in s( ver.il of Ihe most firwiird amoiij; llii'
mivii;.'!'!!. At last, however, they ivfreatrd, ahaiidoiiinif a
mill wliii'h fliev bad privionsly forlificd, anil bn ak-
Inj down flic brlilKc ; nml loii]; iKforc llie hllir eoiild Im'
rrjKiirrd, lliiy were u.ili' frotii further mol, si ilioii. 'I'liere
was a good deal lo cxcile iipprchcnsion even in this un-
important rencontre. The Americans, though they fravc
way at last, foujjht like men conscious of thci" own
prowess, and confident in the strenjrth of the support
which was behind flieiii ; and this, coupled with the
rumours which had reached us relative to the amount of
the ijarrison of liemungton, failed not to startle both
C'oloncl Hauinc and the boldest of his troolis. li sides,
much time was lost by the destruction of the bridifc.
It required a full hour so fir to repair it ns to enable tlie
ifuns and horses to pass.; and when this was done, the day
had declined so fiir as to rencU'r any ntlcmpt to reach the
[Kiint of our destination beliirc sunset fruitless. We ac-
eordiiiirly bivouacked al the firm of \Valiiiscott, about
four miles from Sankoick, and three from l!ennini;ton ;
when' the ni^lil was spent, if not in a sense of alKulute
security, at all events without the occurrence of any ac-
cident cn|>able of exciting alarm.
The mornin',' of Ihe 1.5lh came in with heavy rains'
and a perlecl hurricane of wiii<l ; conseipicntly the litlL
column, instead of prcssinir liirward, was fain fo keej)
under sheller of the farm Imildinfj. Hut if was not |K'r-
milled to remain loiijr in a situalioii so comfiirfable. Our
early jiarade had just been dismissed, when a few shots
in the direction of the advanced sentries „.ivc notice that
the Ainericans ,iiistead of waiting to be altaeked, were
on flic luovi'; and in a few miimtes afterwards a general
coimnofion at the oufpost.s, indicated more by the slionls
of the Indians than the re|>ort of their arms, warned us
fo make ready for an immediate attack. Colonel Kaunic
lo.st no time in preparing lo meet it. Korming his dis-
mounted dragoons in dose coluinn among the homesfcad,
he din ell il Ihe I'mvineials, snp|H)rlcd by I'Vazer's i\Inrks-
ineii, lo ailvanee to the a.ssistance of the piekets, with
ordirs to dispnfi' every inch of gn)iind fo the ntniost, and
finally lo retire upon llii' reserve, should nil tin ir elforts
fo mainfain themselves prove inefl'eetunl.
In an iiislanf we were in niofion, and a few niinufes
sullieed to bring us tt> the sci'iie of neliou. We fnind
air liiiliaiis thnaUniil, rather flian seriously nssailiil, by
aconsidira'ile body ofmilifi:i-nieii, before whom they were
falling hai k, lei^iinly and in or.lcr ; but such was Ihe
violenet ol Ihi' storm, that not one out rd"a ihr/en nmskets
would expl( di', and hence the ikirmish was neither very
aniinaled nor very blisidy. On seinig us, our savage
allies uttered a yell, wbii'li sceiiicd lo strike panic info
the bosoms of Iheir assailants : lor the latter instaiifly
paused, iiiing back as il were irnsolnle, and finally re-
lini'.. We fill.iwi'd fir n lime, briskly anil iiiipi tnoiisly ;
bn' we likewi.si' fell the had elli'cl- ■ "the weather too iniieli
le seek a general eiigagcmenf ; and as the movemeiifs of'
llie enemy sei'ini'd to indii'atc a wish on their parts to
draw us on, we were of course cNlreinclv shy in trusfing
ourselves lieyoiiil our own liinils. We aeconliiinly balled
as soon as we bud recovered tin' ground which the savages
1 lost, and, lying down behind the trees, continted
mniiy hours,
e priming of
holding the woods U|)un jus flunks, in liis front and rear,
by the Indians.
To complete these arrangements, and throw up tlic
few works which were to render them efficient, occupiol
the entire day, and some imrtion of the night of tlic 15fli;
and seldom have men undergone liordsliipi more scvert
than our i)Co|de endured whilst thus employed. IM ii
be borne in mind, that flic l.'if.h was a day of conlinnci]
rain ; not such rain as we arc accustomed to witness in
this country, but an absolute lorrcnt, to afTord sheller
against which human ingenuity lius yet devised no covir.
ing. I'nder this, the men toiled on, the earth which lliij
threw up, lieing repeatedly wa.shei! down ngain, and the
holes and ditches which they ilug out, filled inn momeiii,
and ft rendered worse than usei. ss. Hut their pntiein .
equalled the dilliculfies wliii-b it was culled upon to siir.
mount. Kacli man felt, too, that lie was laliouring fir
his own personal safety, not less than for the liciiefit ol
the whole; and all were, in conscquenee, inspired with a
principle of |H'rfeet heroism and self-devotion. Poor Ii I.
lows ! their spirit niid pcr.severance were, on the present
occasion, of little avail. They sufficed, indeed, to sa\.
their possessors from dishonour, and enabled them to si ||
thiir lives ilearly ; but they were quite inadequate to «i.
cure victory, or even fo ward off defeat.
i\s soon as darkness fairly set in, our corps, which li.iil
kept its sfalion on the ojiposife side of the strenT", wns
silently withdrawn, and took ground beside Rcidesdel's dra-
goons on the little hill above alluded fo. There wc [lasscil
the niglit, not vely comfortably, as may be well siipjiosed,
seeing that no fires were lighted, and that we were all
impres-icd with a powerful seiisr- of impending dangir;
but if there was an nh.scnee of mirth from amongst iis,
there wis no approximation to terror ; for wi' liekl (.la
own valour at the highest, and rated that of our opponenii
somcwhul too cheaply. Yet there were few amongst ii<
that .slept very soundly. We could not but rcmeinlur
that we weru cut off, by a wide fraci of disolate ecamlrv,
from all comnmnieation with our friends, and cximsed in
■ ■ -•id -11,
« ' " •'■•■'■. '. ■ ,^ <
Colonil Haniiie appeaieil lo eon.
iin'. lie spoke, as lur as we could
h
iiiirsi'Ivcs with w.alching the result during
and striving as well as \\v ennld, lo kei'p fit
our rilles fiiiiu the rain.
WhelbiT the .Vmerieans ever I'literfained any sirious
iiilciition (if allaekini; llii^ diiy, I eaiinol pri tiiiil lo deter
mine ; bnl if they did, the stale of the wcilhi r conipellid
them fo iiliinpii-h il. Yrf tiny ventiind fo iidvaiKc,
from lime to lime, in ennslderable iiuinbers, as if re-
solved ',o try how fir our |«i»iliiin was feiialile ; and on
I aeli oecisiiin a little firing Innli place ; but no impn ssimi
was made upon ii^, and the rain eonliiiiiing lo fall with-
out iiilirmission, they at liisl desisted from their ilViiits,
and wilhdnw. Their proceedings were nut, however, of
a n.ilni'i' to be disn gardi d, or held in eoiilenipl, by a force
so iii-ignificaiil as nnrs. Colonel lliuiiic iiiiinedialely
de-i|iali lied a meH...i iiger In the riar, fiir the piir|Hisc of
bringing up an iidilitional corps wliieli tieiieral lliirgoyiie
had sl.'itioiied at llalleii Kill lo support us; whilst he sit
sediiloiislv to the l:isk of liirlilyiiii; a position in which he
miglil await the coming iipuf supplies, of which he bigiin
now III lie conscious that lie sfiMiil in need.
The liiriii of Walin-ciiil lies upon both bunks of the
llossae, and I iiiisisli d ul this lime of snme kix or eight
log biiill bill, Miilli led here and Ihcri' over Ihe iiarriiw
expanse of' i-nlti\ate(| eroimil. To llie^lell was ii
hiiglit, which Colonil ll.iiinie hnsteiicd fo oieiipv ; In
posted here the dragiKiiiH willi a portion of the Marks-
men on Iheir right. In nar of a little zig/jig breastwork,
ciiiii{H>s(d of logs and Ioom' eiirtli. Siieli of the di laelied
houses as eiiiiic williin Ihe eompavs of his {hisIiIoii, he
fillril with Canaili:iiis, siip|Kirliiig tin ni with ilefacliiiieiils
of I hnsii'iirs anil griiiadii is, liki wise eiilreiielied behind
brenslwnrks ; and he Kepi Ihe whole, with the exeeplioii
ofahoiil n liui'.dn d ini ii, i.ii the norlh ide of the strciin.
atfiicKs on evi'ry side from a numerous em ■
whoop wliieli the savages raised from fiui r> 'c, as
wi II ;is :in occasional musket shot, gave noli- ■
now thai enemy was not inactive. Our un.'!
ritiirn of day was greater by far than perhn)
would have been willing fo neknowlidge, f .,. lo hi?
dean'st fViend ; and the feeling of s.ilisfaelion was gem ml,
when thi' gnidual reddening of the eastern sky denoliil
tli.it il was fist iippioiiching.
'I'he morning of the Kith rose lieaiilifuUy serene. Tin
lorni of the preceding day hiiving ex|KMidctl itself, nut .i
clniid was leil fo darken the face of the heavens ; wl:il«l
the very leaves hung niolionless, and the long griii-
waved not, under flic infhience of n |M'rfeet calm. I'.viri
ohjeel around, loo, ap|H'ared lo peculiar advantage; ll.t
Ihe fields liHiked green and refreshed, the river \va<
swolli II and tumultuous, and the branches were nil lonilul
with (lew-drops, wliiih glittered in the sun's early ray*
like so innny diamonds. Nor woiilil it !»■ easy lo imngiin
any scene more rili' with |M'acefiil and even paslnril
1h :mly. Looking down from the simimil of the risiiiL
griiiiiid, I biinld iiumcdialcly Is'iicnlh iiic n wide swii,i
of stately fiirest, inlerrnpled al rcniole intervals by gru'i
meadow s or yellow corn-fields ; whilst here nnd then i
tlage, a shed, or sonic other primitive edifice, reared il>
modest head, as if for the puriHise of reminding Hit
s{H'etiitiir,1liat iii'iii had begun bis inroads U|Hin natiin
Hilhiiiit as yet taking aw.iy from her simplicity and gniii
deiir, I hardly reeoHcet a scene which struck nic at theiiiit
nil III iiion' forcibly, or which has lef\ a dw|H'r, or liinrv
lasting inipnssiou on my meiiiory.
I liaM' said ihal the morning of Ihe Ifitli roue licniili
fiilly s( relic ; and if is not lo the operations of the ilr
nil Ills aliiiie tliiil my expression applies. All was |«t
f illy qiiii I III the outposts, lint an enemy having Imh
M'i'ii, nor an alnrming sound heard, fiir sevenil lioir>
pnvious fo sunrise. So pcaeeabic, indeed, was Ihcnspn'
which iniitlerH bore, thai our leaders felt warmly dis|H»ii
to resume Ihe olfeiisivc, without wailing flic nrrivnl i
the additional corps fiir which they had applied; nnd ir
ders WI re aheady issued liir the men lo cat their br»nli
fists, pri (iiirntory lo more inlivu o|«ralions. Hut Hi
arms were hi arei ly piled, nnd the bavresneks unsliini'
w ben symplomsol a state of ntlairs dilfereiif IVoin tlm
which linil Is'cii anticipated. In gun to show theniscba
and our isoplc were recalled lo their ranks in all lin>i<
iilmost lis iiioii as III! y bad qiiifted tbiiii. From linn
Ihiiii one qiiarter sioiils eame in to re|Hiri, tlinl eoliiiin'
of iiriuid iiicii wire npproni biiig; llioiigli wlielher »ii>
a iVieiidly or hostile iiilinlion, neither their ap|M'ttriiiii'
nor iielioiis enalili d our inlorinanls to iisci riaiii.
Il has 111 en »tnlei!, llinl durinu the InsI day's ninr'
, in liiB front and rear,
its, nnd throw up tin
liem I'llicicnt, occupicil
fthc night of tlic ISlli;
hordi'hipa more Ecvcru
hus employt'd. Ia'I ii
'as a duy of contnnicij
niKtonicd to wiliicss in
•rent, to afford shcllcr
Di yet devised no rovir.
n, the eartli wliich thty
! down nfjain, and tlie
out, filled in a nioiurm,
iS. Hut tlieir puliom .
vus cullid upon to Kur.
he wan lalicuring II ir
linn for the lienelit ot
ipienee, inspired with a
ielf-devotion. Poor 11 1,
'e were, on the presini
ifTieed, indeed, to snv.
nd ennliled them to si I!
ipiite inadequate to ki.
lefeiit.
11, our eorps, wliicli ]a,\
de of the strea;-', wiis
J beside IJeidesdel's lin-
ed to. There wc iiadsi il
i limy be well sup|)o»((],
, and that we were all
of inip<^ndiiig danger;
lirlli from amongst iis,
error ; for we lield c.iir
111 tli!it of our o|ipoiieii|ii
■e were few amoiigsl ii<
iiild lint lint reiiieiiiliir
act of desolate eoiiiitrv,
friends, nnd exposed i..
irons em ■,; id 'I,
from tiiii I > .0. n,
I, gave noil > . ■ • \ ■
I'. Our iiii.'i
than jierliai
mnwli'dge, r ■ ,. lo hi'
patisfiirtion was gem nil,
"le easlrrn mUv denolnl
■iiiilifully serene. 'I'll,
; I'XjH'iided itself, nut i
of the heavens ; wi:il>l
, anil the long gra».
a |M'vfeet ealm. Kviri
eiulinr advnntnge ; lir
resiled, the river u,v
rnnelies were nil loailnl
II the sun's early r.ivi
I it Ik' easy to iinnpiii'
fill and even piisinni
suniniit of the risiii:
eatli iiie a wide swiij.
lole iiiterv'ils by grui,
hilst here nnd there i
litivi! ediliee, reared iii
«e of reminding tlir
iiiriinds ii|hiii iiatiin
r siiiiplieily and gran
ehslniek meat the im^
left a dee|MT, or Minn
the Ifitli rose hiinili
I operatioiiH of the clr
iipplii s. All wns |«r
1 I iiiiiiy linving Un
liril, fur several liiiie!
liiideeil, wan the nspi''
< Ii It warmly ilis))i»H
Iviiitiiig the arrival i
V had applied; anil ii
|ien to eiit their lirvnli
o|)eraliiin». Hiil llf
hnvresaeks luisliiiif
illlVereiil iVoin tlm
III show themsclMi^
lir raiikH in nil Imnii
111 them. From iimn
repori, thni eiiliiini'
IllKtiigli whether »iii
lillier their np|H"iiniiii'
I to Hueerliiiii.
I he ll»M Hiiy'« iimrr'
SARATOGA.
.oi
r little corps was joined by many of llio country peo-
i; moat of whom demanded and obtained arms, ns
raons friendly to the royal cause. How Colonel
umc became so completely duped as to place reliance
these men, I. know not; but having listened with
uplaccney to their previous assurances, that in Ben-
gton a large majority of the |)opulace were our
;nds, he was somehow or other persuaded to believe,
it the armed bands of whose approach he was warned,
8 re loyalists on their way to make a tender of their
vices to the loader of the king's troops. Filled witli
I idea, he despatched positive orders to the out|)o«ta, that
m molestations should be offered to the advancing co-
Snns; but that the pickets retiring before them should
jSn tlic main body, where every disposition was made
tt rceeive either friend or foe. Unfortunately for us,
^se orders were but too faithfully obeyed. About half
It nine o'clock, I, who was not in the secret, beheld, to
utter amazement, our advanced parties withdraw
itliout tiring a shot, ftoui thickets which might have
en maintamcd for hours against any sujicriority of
_ inbcrs; and the same thickets quickly occupied by
men, whose whole demeanour, as well as their dress and
■liyin of equipment, plainly and incontestably pointed
Mem out as Americans.
I cannot pretend to describe the state of excitation
d alarm into wliich our little baud was now thrown,
itii the solitiiry exception of our leader, there was not
man amongst us who appeared otherwise than satisfied
1 those to whom he had listened were traitors ; and
t unless some pruinjit and vigorous measures were
loptcd, their treachery would bo crowned with its full
ward. Captain Fraaer, in particular, seemed strongly
ibued with tlie conviction that we were wilfully de-
lved. Hu pointed out in jilain language the extreme
probability of the stury which these desi'rters had told,
^>d warmly urged our chief to withdraw his confidence
im them; but all his argumcntu proved fruitless,
ilonel Baume remained convinced of their fidelity. He
tw no reason to doubt that the people whoso approach
tcited so much apprehension were the same of whose
ival he had been forewarned ; and he was prevented
im placing himself entirely in their |K>wer, only by the
itive refusal of his followers to oliey orders given to
at effect, and the rash im|>etuosity of the enemy.
Wo might have stood about half an hour under nrins,
atching the proeeedings of a eolumn of four or five
ndrcd men, v 'lo, alU'r dislodging the pickets, had
lte<l just at the edge of the o|>en country, when a sud-
n trampling of feet in the forest on our right, followed
the rc|iort of several muskets, attracted our attention,
patrol was instantly sent in the direction of the sound ;
it before the party eoin|iosing it had proceeded many
ards from the lines, n loud shout, followed by a rapid
oiigli straggling fire of musketry, warned us to pre-
■are for a meeting the reverse of friendly. Instantly
to Indians came (muring in, carrying dismay and eon-
aion in their eoimtcnanee and gestures. We were sur~
timiled on all sides ; columns were advancing every-
lierc against us, and those whom we hail hitherto
reated as IVionds had only waited till the arrival of their
upimrt might justify them in advancing. 'I'liero was
otiilsehisxl in these re|)orls, though made by men who
tioke rather from their fears iliiu their knowledge. The
)liinin in iinr fl-ont no sooner heard the shout than they
jplind eordinlly and loudly to it ; then, firing a volley
ritli delilH'rnte and murderous aim, rusheil liiriouily to.
^arils us. Now then, at length, our lender's dreiims of
icurity were dispelled. He found himself attacked in
:>nt and Hank by thriee liii numbers, who pressed fiir-
ard with the eonfidenee wliieli our l;ite priieeedingH
ere ealeulateil tii priMluee; whilst the very (MTsons in
liiiiii lie hail trusted, and to whom he had given arms,
it no time In turning them against him. These fel-
wi no Bisiner heard their eomrades erv, than they deli-
ratily ilivelinrged their iiiiiskels niiiimgst Iteiili-sdel's
ngisnis; and dis|ierHing liefore any stops emild Ih- taken
wile tliem, e8ea|)ed, with the ejerption of one or two,
their friends.
If rolimel Hiuimr had pirmilUd himself to he du|H'<l
hto a great error, it isnu more than justice to confess, tliut
le exerted himself manfully to r dy the evil, nnd
Ivert its eoiiseipienees. Our little ImiiiI, wliieli had
litherto reinnineil in eohimii, was inslantly orderi d to
liteiid, null the tr(Mi|m lining the breast work replieil tii
lie firi' of the Ameneaus with extreme eeh'rity and eon.
)ldernhle eirret. So elosr nnd dostruetivr, iiiileed, was
Hir first Volley, tlinl the assailants reeniled Is-fiire it, nnd
►oiilil hare retreated, in all prolmbilily, within the wood ;
lilt ere we eoiild take ndvantnge of'llie rimfiision pro-
luerd, frfsh attacks developed IhemwIviMi, nnd we were
warmly engaged on every side and from nil quar-
ters. It became evident that each of our detached (KMsts
was about to be assailed at the same inst? ', Not one
of our dispositions had been concealed from the enemy,
who, on the contrary, seemed to be aware of the exact
numbt^rof men stationed at each point; ond they were one
and all threatened by a force perfectly adequote to bear
down opposition, and yet by no means diapro|>ortionably
large, or such as to render the main body inelficicnt. All,
moreover, was done with the sagacity and coolness of
veterans, who perfectly understood the nature of the re-
sistance to be expected, and tlie difficulties to bo over-
come, and who, li,iving well considered and matured
their plans, w^cre resolved to carry them into execution
at all hazards, and at every expense of life.
It was at this moment, when the heads of columns
began to show themselves in rear of our right and lef^,
that the Indians, who had hitherto acted with spirit, and
something like order, lost all confidence, and fled.
Alarmed at the prospect of having their retreat cut off,
they stole away, after their own tusliion, in single files,
in spite of the strenuous remonstrances of Baume, and
of their own ofKcers, leaving us more than ever cx|msed,
by the abandonment of that angle of the intrenchments
which they liai' been appointed to maintain. But even
this spcctucle, distressing as it doubtless was, failed in
affecting our jicople witli a feeling at all akin to despair.
The vaeancy which the retreat of the savages occasioned,
wa.s promptly filled up by one of our two field-pieces,
whilst the other poured destruction among the enemy in
front, as often as they showed tlicmsclves in the open
country, or threatened to advance.
In this state tilings continued upwards of three quar-
ters of an hour. 'I'liough rep«!atedly assailed in front,
Hanks and rear, we maintained ourselves with so inucli
obstinacy, as to inspire a ho|>e that the enemy might
even yet be kept at bay till the arrival of Breynian's
corps, now momentarily exp<'eted ; wlien an aeeident oc-
curred, which at once put nn end to this cx|iectatioii,
luid ex|M)sed us, almost defenceless, to our fate. The
solitary tumbril which conlaiiicd the whole of our spare
ammunition, became ignited, and Mew up with a vio-
lence, which shook the very ground under our feet, and
caused a momentary cessation in firing, both on our side
and that of tliu enemy, But the cessation was only iiir
a moment. The American officers, guessing the extent
of our calamity, cheered their men on to fresh exertions.
They rushed up the ascent witli redoubled ardour, in
spiteoftiieheavy volley which wo poured in toeheek them;
and finding our guns sik'iit, they sprang over the para
p»^t, and dashed within our works. For a fi'w seconds
the bceno which ensued, defies all (lower of lunguage to
descrilR'. 'i'he bayonet, the butt of the rille, the sabre,
the jiike, were in lull play ; luid men fell, as they rarely
fall III modern war, under the direct blows of their ene-
mies. But such a struggle could not in the iinture of
things Imi of long ronlinuanee. Outnumbered, broken,
and Honiewhat disheartened by late events, our (H'oph
wnvcred, and fell back, or fought singly nnd uiieonnei t-
ediy, till they were either cut down nt their (swts obsti-
nately defending themselves, or eoinpelled to Kiirrender.
Of Keidesdel's dismounted dragoons, few survived to tell
how nobly they hud iH'hnved ; ('olonel llauine, shot
through tlie \m\y by a ritle luill, fill mortally wounded ;
and all order and <lisei(iliiie Is'iiig lost, flight, or siilimis-
sinn wna nlone thought of For my own (inrt, whi tlier
the ficliiig nrose from di»|ierntiiiii or neeicieiit I cannot
tell, hut I resolved not to U' taken. As yet I had es-
eaiu'd almost unhurt, a slight fiesh wound in the left
arm having uliine fiilhu to my share ; and gntheriiig
round me nlsnit thirty of my eomrniles, we made a rush
where the enemy's ranks apjM'ared weakest, and hurst
through. This done, each man made haste to shift fiir
himself, without (inusing to consider the tiiti! of his
neighlHiur ; nnd losing one third of onr nnuilHT from the
enemy's fire, the remainder look refllgr, in gron(ii of
two or tlirw, within the forest.
CIIAl'TrU V.
It were nn easy matter to deserib* the sensations
whieh take jNn'essiun of a iiiiiu who has just esea(ied
Irom n lield of parnnge nnil defeat, nnd finds himself all
at once a fugitive nnd a wanderer in n eoiintry every
where hoslilr to him, Tluiiigli ■qqiressed, nnd r'enily to
droji til lliu earth through thirst nnd fatigue, I could not
pause even to lisik lichiiiil, whilst as yet the slioiiti of
the \ietorB nnd the tumult of the strife' rnng in my ears;
nor wns it till nn Hliiriiimg sinse of giddiness warned
mr to proeeed no farther, thai I ut last ventured to east
myself i.t knjth under a ipreuding oak. The ijiddiness
in i|nestioii, I 'vas not long in di«eo\eriiig, arose from
loss of blood. Whilst running down the sliqie, a hall
had passed through my thigh, of which nt the momeitt
I was not aware; but several of the smaller arteries hav-
ing been cut, it bled profusely, and now occasioned so
much weakness, that it was with difficulty I succeeded
in preserving my consciousness. Happily for me, a
stream of pure water flowed from a mossy fountain near,
of which I drank the sweetest and most luxurious
draught that ever passed my lips ; and being refreshed
and invigorated by it, I so fur neovered self-command,
ns to look, as well ns I could, to the state of my hurl.
I wrap()ed my handkerchief tightly round it, so as to
stanch the bleeding, and lay down again, with the de-
sign, if (tossiblc, of courting slcc)).
I have said that it would be no easy mutter to dcserilie
the sensations which obtain the mastery over a man who
has just escaped from a field of carnage and defeat ; nnd
no where could a proof more striking of the justice of
this remark lie found, than I myself exhibited on that
unfortunate day. Though I would have given worlds
for one hour of undisturbed slumber, and though the
bodily machine felt as if its vigour had dejiarted for ever,
slee(> refused to come u[H)n me. If I closed my eyes for
a moment, it w.-is merely to fall into a feverish doze, dur-
ing which images the most hideous r,iid alarniiiig
crowded my imagination, and from which the slightest
waving of the rushes, or the r'.iSliiiig of the long grass,
sufficed to rouse me. I started at the sound of iny owe
breathing ; and without kiio,viiig what it was that 1 fear-
ed, I found myself the slave of the most hideous terror.
Nor was it over my mind alone that this nervous irrita-
bility exerted its infiiienee. I hiive often travelled, and
traveMed on foot too. whilst suffering under wounda
more dangerous and troublesome than those which then
disabled me; hut on that day my limbs refused to do
their office, or to carry me one step iKyoiid the s[)ot
where 1 first halted. 1 accordingly lay for two wholu
hours in a eimdition us de(ilornlile as lins frequently been
filled by a human being ; cut oft" from all liojie or elinnee
of receiving sujiport or assistance from my friends, and
antiei(mting nothing else than lillii r to perish from
want, or to full a sacrifice to some wuiidernig party of
hostile savages.
I was thus situated, having drop(x^d into a Fort of
triinee, such as forms the connecting link l,i tween slee[i.
ing and wuking, when a sound whieh had hitherto
smote ii[M)n the lar of fancy alone, siiddeiily arose, nnd
liiir.st in a inonunt the spell whieh linuiid nie. It wus a
roar of mnsketry, w itii an oeeasionul boom of cnniion,
echoed back in trememloiis funinlt by the surrounding
forests; nnd I was not slow in coiijtcturing that it urnsu
(riiiii (lolciiiel Bieyinon's (lurly engaged with the same
force by which we hnd just been overthrown. It will
readily be imngined that I listened to the nwful sound
with an intensity of interest sueli us hardly any other in
nntiire could have (irodneed, and thut my hopes nnd
fears olitiiiiied by turns the mustery, in ()rn()ortion ns it
n(i(ieareil to a|>|ironeh or reeedo fiiini the sjiot where I
lay. Now it seemed to draw ra(iiilly towards me, now
it swe[)t uwny in 'he (qqiosite ilireetioii; now I judged
flint the Aiuerienns were fhlliiig back, now that the
king's IroojiB weri! retreating, — so wavering nnd nneer-
tniii a guide is the ear, unassisted by the o|M-rntion of
other senses. By ikgrees, however, matters aasumed a
more decided elinrueter. 'I'he firing, w liii h for a time
had e.vleiided over a considerulile spuee, (rriidiially nnr-
rov.iil, as if the skirmishers were called in, anil lines
were firmed for n charge; nnd thin a slioiii, nf which I
well knew the im(iiirt, rung through the nir. If wus fill-
lowid by u momeiitary silriiie, more uwfiil by far tliiin
the timiiilt which ushered it in; nnd then sileeetdid a
tiriiilluile so warm and so eonfi.si d, ns [ilninly to inilieute
that one side or other hnd given way. It was no longer,
no'v, the steady discharges of hostih' nrniies, eneli in firm
nrrny, nnd eager for victory ; but the ih'sultory firing of
ill tnelied (larties, some in tliglit, ntliers in hot (lursnlt, I
could Inar this state of susjieiiBe no longrr ; so, mustering
nil my resoliitinn, I struggled to rise, and after ■< veral
iiufteetnul nttem|its, uiieeeeded.
The sun hnd set, nnd twilight was elo«l<g in fast,
when I lirgan my fedioiii and (lalnful journey towards
the o|N'ii country. My limb, swoHeii nnd stiff, rrftisod
ut first to sii|>|H>rt the weight of my Isidy ; and my whole
frniiir, entieliled by innnition,nii less than by lots ofbhiod,
with difficulty olHyrd the motions of a mind, lo whieh
soiiietliiiig like its natural tune was restored, I reeled
like a ilriinkcn man, nnd fill us if at every Kte(i I shoiilil
have fallen again. But n strong sense of the necessity
for i'<rrfiiin kept me u|i, nnd ns Tung ns the faintest light
reiiiniiieil, and the filing eoiilinuid to direet nn, I (iiish
ii
rf'
1 i.f
■'%
SARATOGA.
i:r^
i
I
'l »1
ed on. At last, liowi^vor, tlic firing ep.i.sod eiitirclj-, niid
darkiii'SM the dti'|)r.-,t and most profound covered the
i'upc of tlie sky. Now, then, I gave myself up aijaolutc-
ly to despair, and easting myself once more upon the
groinid, I sluit my eyes, and resigned myself, without a
groan, to my fate.
How long I remained in this plight I cannot tell, for
cither sleep, or, which is more probable, a fainting fit.
soon mcrpowered me j but when I recovered my senses,
I fiiund myself in the midst of a group of armed men,
one of wlioni wbh kindly supporting my head upon his
knee. A large fire was hlaiiing near, the light of which
tell strongly upon my companions ; but so confused were
m}" senses, and so vague and unsatisfactory the work-
ings of memory itself, that I could not tell for nnny
minuti^s whether I was in the hands of friends or foes.
Nay, my situation was to me altogether inexi)licablc, I
recoUccteil something, indeed, of the events of the morn-
ing, ns th-it we had sustained a severe action, and that I
had myself been alone in the woods; but how I came
there, whether we had been defeated or victorious, and,
above all, why I shoidil tw as I now was, were mysteries
which all my exertions failed to solve. By degrees,
however, reason resumed her influence. I raised my
head, and gazing around began to receive some faint im-
pression that the faces before me were familiar, when a
well-known voice restored mo at once to myself, and I
found tliat I was really among friends. The voice was
that of my brave leader, on whom I was leaning; and
to my inexpressible delight I now saw^, that the group
was composed entirely of old comrades — tlie members of
my own corps, Fraser's Marksmen.
Ai soon as the fir,«t gush of joy had subsided, I eager-
ly iMrjuired of Frascr by what means he had escai«'d
from the carnage of yesterday, and how fortune had so
ordered it an to bring him to my relief. The first por-
tion of his story resembled my own in almost every par-
tieulnr; the last contained lictails but little crdeulated to
raise the spirits of one already humbled bv defeat, and
debilitated l)y bodily suffering. Like me, he had cut his
way through the circle of Americans, but, instead of
plunging into the heart of the forest, he contented
himself with such shelter as the banks of the river af-
forded, witli the iiitention of escaping by the main
road, a* soon as darkness should ret in. He was thus
situated wlien Colonel Breyman's detachment arrived at
tho vrry ground wliert' ours had sustained its defeat.
To this he hastened to iittaeh himself; but before he
fimnd an opijortunily of making its leader aware of the
events which had just oeeurred, it too was furiously at-
tacked by (leneral .Starke. A sanguinary atl\;ir ensued,
in wliieli, for a ti.iie, (jnr people upjRared to have the
advantage; but their Hmmiinition beginning to fail, they
were conifielled (o slacken their fire, and put nil U[)on
the haz.^rd of a singi ' charge. The charge was indeed
BUCcessl'ul, — that is to say, the enemy fled before it, and
the field was for a moment wc , — but it was only lor a
moment; for Starke, rallying his people, threw tlicni in
small binds muiid Hroynian's flanks, and soon broke,
by an iiicussml fire, ranks wkieli could no longer be
malnlaiiu'd except by the liayonet. Finally, the lles-
tijns retreated in diiordi.r, leaving their guns and many
prisoners, in the liimli of the victors; and were s»v<(l
from absolute duntnietion only by the approach of night.
It «M3 wliilut escipiiig a seennd time from a contest
so diaastrotH, tliat elnnee directed Frasrr to the spot
whore I lay. I had taken, it ap|K'nred, (he exact rout«'
which, had 1 pursued if a liflg farllier, must have
brouglit me to the lell of Hrevmnn's line; and when all
means of guiding my steps failed, I lay down, happily
for mviclf, upon the very track wliieh moit of the fugi.
tivci fVoni the battle were eomprllcd to liillow. Being
diteovereil here and rervignised liy mv relative, I was
conveyed at his rei|uciit to the spot which we now oeeu-
pied; where my hurts were carefully dressed, oml every
attantion ««• »li' wn to me by men, in whom personal
■ufturinff hail not yut proilue'ed its ordinary etfeet, of
rendering them cjllous to the miseries of others.
I WMidd willingly pass over that |>ortion of my history
which refers to our |Kiinfnl progress hack from the lloo-
•ack to the Huilson. Were I, indeed, to enter into a
detail of it, my deseriplions wouhl Im- only of suH'erings
ibf most acute, arising partly from the nlisenee of corn.
mon nutriment, and partly from n eonseiousness of inili.
yjdual degradation, of which noni- nniong us could
di>-(nt ourselves. Of thn rpmain* of Breyuian's eorpo,
Iw it obiervid, we lost night rntirely. It ("ell back, I lie.
lievc, in toli-rahle ordir bv flic main nud, and not being
iiursufd, regained the Imiks of the llndson in safety
lut the party to which I fouml ?nyself attached, had w
of its fate from the moment when the separation took
place. We accordingly kept the woods during three en-
tire days, deriving our subsistence chiefly from wild
fruits, and tho few crimibs which remained m our havrc-
saeks : and our progress was the more tardy, because I
could not move without assistance, and my comrades re-
fused to abandon me. But we gained tliq camp at last,
though in a plight which bore ample testimony to the
privations which wo had endured; and I become for
some time the inhabitant of tliat most melancholy of all
abodes, a military hospital.
My wounds, tliougli originally slight, had become,
from neglect and the hardships which I had been con-
demned to undergo, so inflamed, that several days elaps-
ed ere I was able to pay attention to any circumstance
not immediately connected with iny own feelings. I
lay all this while upon a wretched pallet, in the same
room with twelve unfortuuate creatures, of whom seven
died delirious and raving. So acute were my own ago-
nies, ond so overwhelming their influence over me, that
I could not exjicrience so much as pity for any one ex-
cept myself. It' my miserable comrades groaned or
complained, I answered only with a curse, because they
disturbed my meditations or interrupted my repose ; so
perfectly selfish do men become when their miseries
pass a certain point, or exceed their (lowers of endur-
ance. Yet let mo do justice to myself. It was only
whilst matters were at the worst with me, that feelings
so unworthy obtained an ascendancy, which they gra-
dually but surely lost, as my own case obtained amelio-
ration. The [laroxysm was no sooner over, than my
past unkindness affected me with deep shame ; and I
thenceforth exerted myself to the utmost, in order to
make amends for it. Nor were my exertions useless.
The poor fellows about me had themselves suffered too
much not to experience something of the same selfish-
ness to which I gave way, and they readily and kindly
accepted the apologies which I oflercd for having dis-
played it BO rudely.
In this manner nearly a fortnight was passed ; during
which lime the army remained stationary : its energies
being ctiiefly devoted to the bringing up of stores from
the rear, and the cjnstruction of rafVs with which to
p.iss the river. Whilst our own iieople were thus cm-
ployed, the Indians, spreading themselves over the face
of the country, brought havoc and dismay into all dis.
tricts, and jierpetrated enormities at the recollection
of which the mind even at this distance of time shud-
ders. Irritated by the trifling progress which had
been made, and indignant at the cheek imposed upon
|)lunder, these savages put to death every man, woman
or child, that fi'll into their hands: insomuch that Gene-
ral Burgoyne was driven to the necessity of threatening
their very chiefs with punishment, in the event of their
failing to restrain the cruellies of their followers. But
his threats and entreaties were alike disregarded, enor-
mity arter enormity occurring, till at last a deed was
lK'r|K'trated which will for ever leave an indelible
stain upon the honour of the British arms. The deed
to which I now allude, was tho cold-blooded nuirder of
an innocent girl, the child of a loyal father, and the be-
trothed of a brave youth whu bore a commission in the
king's service.
About ten miles from tho site of our present encamp-
ment, and something moro from tho [KWt of Fort Kd-
ward, stood a neat cottage, the rrsidcneu of on aged and
loyal emigrant, by name .Macrea. He had served us
oliicir in one of the Highland regiments, in former wars
agai.i'if the French ; and having Ikm^ii rewarded at tln'
|H-aee by a grant of laml, he heal his sword into a
ploughshare, and sat down to eultivati^ his farm, and
train up his children in principles of loyalt}' and honour.
Fur a timi! all things went well with him : his labours
were crowned with suceess; under his own exertions
and thoko of his sons, the barren wilderness liceame a
smiling garden, and the old man considered himself', as
he was eoii'-idered by his iieigliliours, ono of the incmt
firos|H'r»ns individuals in the settlement. To complete
lis good fortune, a fine young man, the son of an old
comrade, and now a fi'ilow settler, maili' iiro|Misids lor
the haiiil iif his dniighler; and being eipialiy acceptable
In the maid us In her fitlii r, he was duly rcci'ived in the
ehnrneter of an accepted lover.
Things were in tlil* stale, and the wcdiling-day was
imderstooil to lie approaching, win ii the breaking out of
the reliellion, with Inn suli»ei|ui'nt ojierallons ngninst Ca.
nada, dissipated fiir a lime all thoughts of domestic nr-
r.ingerneiits. Macrea espoused the cause of his sine,
reign warmly; and his ■onr, as well ns hit proposed
«oii.iii.la«', tmik up arms in the royal service. Of the
paralsd from thu main b«ly, and oi" courio kiuw- nothingl furiner, one till in the alUir of Fort Kt. John, th« other
during the assault at Quebec ; and Macrea became, in
consequence, dependent wholly upon his daughter, for
that support which his increasing infirmities demanded.
Yet the old man bore his misfortunes like a hero. Bji
sons, he said, had died as he wished them to die, in the
service of a kind and gracious monarch'; and his daugli.
ter being still left to be the light of his dim eyes, it
nould ill become him to raise his voice against Froii.
dencc. Besides, liis future son-in-law, whom he lovcil
not less tenderly tlian his own boys, survived ; and ig
the prospect of beholding a union, on the completion of
which he had set his heart, he found many sources of
comfort under his present calamities.
Strange to say, Macrea, though well known as a par.
tisan of the government, suifcred neither insult nor inc.
Icstatioii from the colonists near him. Allowances seem
to have been made for the prejudices of an old soldier ;
and though he never disguised his wishes as to the fina]
results of tlie war, he continued on the best terms with
men, whose principles and feelings all led to an opposite
line of conduct. The consequence was, that when Bur.
gojne's invasion began, though most of his neighbours
abandoned their houses, and sought shelter at a distance
from our line of march, no one dreamed of ofTering in
suit or injury to him, because he adopted a difl'crent
course of conduct ; and he remained witli his daughter
to welcome the coming of men, whom his principle)
taught him to regard as deliverers.
Maerea's farm lay somewhat out of the track of either
of our columns in the pursuit from Ticondcroga; coni-e.
qiiently it escaped a visit, which, if paid in the first ino.
iiient of angry triumph, might have been far fVoiii
agreeable. Probably it would have passed unscathed d
togetlicr, had our progress hecn more rapid, or our
future successes more brilliar,t ; but the ill-judged hall
opposite to Saratoga afforded an opportunity to maraud,
ers, of which they failed not to take advantage, and tiy
which the old colonist became a severe sufferer.
A party of Indians stealing from the lines, mafle their
way to his house. They burst upon him during the
night, driving the old man into the woods for safely,
and wantonly destroying such of his effects as they pus.
scssed not the means to remove ; and above all, they
seized his daughter, of whom, in the confusion, Macrci
lad for a moment lost sight. Had matters ended here,
all might have yet been well; Macrea was nut a man to
resent even this injury, knowing, as he well knew, the
nature of those who inflicted it ; whilst governmciil
would have doubtless made compensation lor any loss
which tho ihroad might have caused. But the barba.
rians into whose hands the maiden fell, quarrelled
among themselves rcB|iccting Uieir right to the captivr;
and one, more inhumaii tlian the rest, clove her skuli
with his tomahawk.
When intelligence of this horrid murder reached the
camp, the indignation of all, from the general down to
the meanest sentinel, was roused to tlie utniot>t pitch ol
fury. It so hapiH'ned that the girl's lietrothed \vu
ainongst us, and of the state of his feelings I leave you
to judge ; yet was it necessary, situated as we were, to
deal iiiereirully with the iHrpetrators of the black deed,
to whom, from motives of policy, no public puiiishiiuni
was awarded, 'i'lie cordiality, however, which had al
ready iM-giin to wax faint between us and our native war-
riors, was by this last act of devilish treachery destroyed.
We regarded them now as little Ixtter than fiends — useku
ill the field, and worse thiiii useless out of it ; and if ive
turned not against them the arms which our legitiniala
enemy gave us no op|M)rtuiiity to exercise, it was only
lieeaiisi! our chief took care to keep tliem entirely agiari
fr<im ns. But it is time that I return to my detail of inj.
lilary events, to which every suceessivi^ day added a
deeper and more awful interest.
We were yet writhing under the eA'cets of the repulse
at Bennington, when intelligeiieeuf the failure ofCohmel
.St. I.eger'iintteiiipts upon Fort .Stanwix was comniunieiil.
ed to us. Threatened by ii lliree greatly Kii|H'rior tu Ins
own, and deserted and Ixilrayed by his Indian allies, tlul
ollieer was reluelanflyeiHiipelJed to relinquish several iiii.
|Hirtaiit advantages whieii he had oblained; and he wa>
now ill fiill retreii' across the cminlry, with the iiitenlii n,
possible, of efl*! cling his esca|«' U|Km Montreol. 1 tiiiJ
nut observe fliut sui h a eoinniiiiiieation, received at suili
u nioiiieiit, exrilid no little alarm among all lo whom it
«M»e(.iiiniuniealed. If the enemy were in sufliiient font
lo detach largely IVnin onr iininedintii front, at u moinenl
w hen nil nitaelt might daily Is' nntiei|Hiteil, what pruhi.
Iiility was there that they would \tv unable to opimse u
siieeessfiilly, our forcing one of the many admirublc ixw.
tionj with whieli the eounlry around Alhaiiy abounded'
and should we Hill in is'iiitratiiig tu that plieo brforr tlif
fin ter
lost
bn w
bparei
cori
Sard '
Brcatei
by of
pd we
bn pri
lives
1 Grei
jents o
Bore re
I be wii
liiidred
■ our I
kc3e,on
True, a i
I about
Ish btitti
ie who
SARATOGA.
.r.^
and Macrea became, in
upon iii.s daughter, (n,
ig infirmities dimandod,
rtuncs like a hero. Hit
ishcd tlicm to die, in thi
lonnrch'; and hie daugh.
ight of his dim eyes, it
his voice against Proti.
-in-law, whom he Icvcil
boys, survived ; and in
an, on the completion of
found many soarccs of
itics.
rh well known as a par.
d neither insult nor ino.
him. Allowances seen
idices of an old soldier ;
lis wishes as to the iinil
I on the best terms with
igB all led to an oppof^iu
ncc was, that when Bur.
most of his ncighboun
ght shelter at a distanct
dreamed of offering in
he adopted a difl'ereni
aincd with his daughtct
n, whom liis principles
rs.
)ut of the track of cither
5m Ticondcrnga ; conpe.
, if paid in the first ino.
it liave been far from
avc passed unscathed d
en more rapid, or our
but the ill-judgrd hall
opportunity to maraud-
take advantage, and by
severe sufferer,
im the lines, made their
I upon him during tlir
o the woods for safely,
r his effects as they pus.
e; and above all, tliev
n the confusion, Macrci
lad matters ended here.
acrca was not a man to
g, as he well knew, the
it ; whilst guvcrumcut
ipcnsation ibr any losi
auscd. But the barba.
[luiden fell, quarrelleil
ir right to the captive;
|ie rest, clove her skuli
|id murder reached the
in the general down lo
ll to the utniofct pitch ol
girl's l>ctrotlicd wu
is leelings I leave you
lituatcd lis we were, to
jtors of the black <lcc(),
no public punishnunt
iiwever, which had nj.
|us and our native war-
ih treachery destroved,
|cr than fiends — useleu
out of it ; and if we
which our legitiniatt
excreisr, it was only
|> tliem entirely »]nn
irn to my detail of ini.
'cessiv(^ day added >
I elVei'lii of the repulie
I' the failure of Cnhiiiel
Iwix was rnnimunleat.
irally sii|M'rinr to liii
|iiiH Indian allies, thai
liiiquish Kcveral ini.
Iblained ; and he ivu
ry, with till' intvnticii,
l>n Montreal. 1 iieid
lion, rcnived at su(h
inong all lo whom it .
rri' Ml Buffieii'iit fnr«
i< front, ut a moineni
li'i|iuted, what prubt.
unable to opiMisc ii
Jiiunv udniiruble |io«i'
II Albany abounded
llliat plai's befor* lli»
ntcr set fairly in, our prospects would, indeed, be of the
ftst gloomy natur*. Nor was this the only considera-
n which thrust itself fearfully into view. Rumours,
iparently not without foundacion, were afloa^ of detnch-
' I corps hanging upon o\ir conimmiications. Fort Ed-
' ard was already menaced ; even Fort William had been
* ircatcncd ; nor was it safe to forward the smallest con-
' ly of stores, except under the protection of a numerous
' id well-api)ointcd guard. But, above all, our informa-
■ an proved to bo, not only defective, but incorrect. In-
' Bad of a country every where friendly, we found our-
.' Ives in the heart of a district decidedly and bitterly lios-
' e. Fewrecruits joined our standards?, and of these few,
' liiy were not to be trusted ; whilst the American Genc-
' I Greene was well known to receive daily reinforcc-
Bnts of militia, gathered, as well from this, as from the
' ore remote settlements. Then, again, desertions began
f be with us matters of frequent occurrence. Of the two
bndred and fifty provincials which 'riginally formed part
■T our strength, scarcely one hundred remained ; and of
lese, one or two usually went over to the enemy every night.
Frue, a reinforcement of some hundreds of Gicrmans came
I about this time, as well as drafts for several of the Bri-
jsh battalions, and a few recruits for ourselves ; but on
he whole, the army was greatly diminished, and was
liily diminishing in numbers, whilst its mnrale had mi-
Jeniably undergone a change by no means for the better,
jfor did the evil i;iid even here. Our leader's proceedings
legan to form the subject of frequent, and not very A-
ourabic discussion, in all parts of the camp. VVhilst
jDme condemned the inconsiderate rashness which had
trricd us thus far fi-om our supplies and entangled us in
L desert country, others exclaimed loudly against the wa-
Jcring and timid policy which kept us so long inactive,
t a moment when every consideration of common pru-
tnce required a prompt advance. Even our generals
eiusclves restrained not their tongues from giving ut-
ranci! to such criticisms. General Philips, in particu-
ir, was loud in condemning the indecision by which all
ur operations were marked ; and Praser, though person,
lly a friend of General Burgoyne, could hardly smother
' is impatience, or suppress similar complaint-". Yet is it
o more than just towards Burgoyne to observe, that he
taboiired at tlii.s juncture under disadvantages of no ordi-
Bary n.iture; and if his movements were less prompt than
■[hey might, and perhaps ought to have been, it is very (ms-
pibic that tlicy were dictated by a sense of what was due,
wtli to himself, and to the brave army of which he was in
ommand.
General Burgoyne had as yet received no advices from
>fow York, indicative of any intention on the part of Sir
M^illiam (Clinton to o|ierate in his favour by an advance
iip the Hudson. Now, this of itself was a grievous dia-
Appointment to one whose plans were nil lormed with a
tiow to such co-oiMTutimt, and who had iinticipaled, on
BCttiii!; out, that a junetiou of forces would t.ikc place, if
hot lit .\lbany, certainly a few leagues below it. But
Troni Albany we were now distant not more than forty
[jniles, whereas the corjis wiiieli we had expected to meet
■here, was not yet, as I'lr as we knew, in march from the
Intrenched eamp, situated at thrice that distance fVoni
She point of rendc7.voiis. Again, our menns of trans|M)rt,
lorigmally scanty, liecain'' every hour more niid more in-
indoquatc to the demands of the army j for the horses
jiiiocki'd up from incessant labour, and nil our efforts to
Ireeniit tlii'in failed — whilst the necessity which existed
hf leaving strong gnrrisons nt the [losts in our rear, 0|ie.
■■ated as a serious drain upon n force, from the (irst scarce.
ly eom|)oteiit to the sueeessl'ul ueeomplishmeni of an en.
^rprisi' so hazardous as that in which we were engaged.
■All these matters were doiibtloss fell in their fiill force by
^Jeneriil llurgnyne,to whom a separate eomiiianil was new ;
oiicl if Ilit'V produced a thousand doubts and misgivings,
jiiiH Id tlir |)ro|M'r measures which it behoved him to adopt,
llliesi' emiTgencies were not dilferent from what might
hieii exiK'cted. Slill hii doubts and misgivings
kvere reiidoreil but too manifest to the troops. They also
flH'gm lo enlertnin suspicions thiit nil Ihini's went not on
Jliriglil ; and the eonfldeiiee which they l>i>d oriirinnlly ex-
Iperi.iieed, botli in themselves and their leailers, suffered
Ifroin that moment considerable diminution,
CHAVTKR VI.
It was now the nmnth of Scptemlier, and my lienlUi
Ihi'ing in a great measure restored, I was nimul to return
Ito my ilotv, when I received n ines»nge one morning,
Ithrouiih an ordi'rly sergeant, indii'iting that the general
Ideslred lo «:(' me. I obeyed the Hiiinnions without delay,
Innil liillowing my ('(Hiduelor, was licl lownrds it sort of
[loj; Imt, whiwi the pioneers had eit^eied ohout a quifter
of a mile in rear of the regular encampment. It was
here that our commander in chief had fixed his head
quarters ; several tents in which his staff and attendants
lodged, Iwing beside it, whilst about a stone's throw apart,
was a tall marquee, inhabited, as 1 was given to under-
stand, by the lady of Baron Rcidesdcl, her children, and
female Bcr\'ant8.
On entering the hut, I beheld General Burgoyne seated
beside a table on which lay a multitude of maps and pa-
pers ; and near him stood my friend and relation. Captain
Frascr, with whom he seemed to be in earnest eonversu-
tion. He turned his face towards me, and having ascer-
tained from Frascr wlio I was, pointed to a stool, on
which he desired that I would sit down.
" Young man," said he, " 1 have sent for you, because
I have received from ('aptain Frascr th« most favourable
report of your gallantry and good conduct ; and because
I am desirous, at his recommendation, of employing you
upon a service, which will entitle you to the highcbt re-
wards which it may be in my power to bestow. Are
frou willing to embark upon an enterprise of no ordinary
lazard ? Have you any reluctance to risk your life, in
order to advance the fortunes of this army ?"
To say that I heard this speech without emotion, would
be to speak fnlsoly. My heart leajred, as it were, to my
throat; but if there was something of apprehension in the
feeling which at first caused this agitation, it soon gave
way to a sense of honest pride, that I had been thus
spoken of, and was thus favoured. 1 rei>licd without
hesitation, that I was Iretli willing and ready to under-
take any duty on which it should please the general to
employ me; and that 1 would gladly, not only hazard,
but lay down my life ut once, to secure the smallest be-
nefit cither to the army or its leader.
" You have spoken bravely, sir," replied the general,
smiling ; " and that you may have at once a foretaste of
the fortune that awaits you, jirovided your zeal and dili-
gence be as I anticipate, permit me to present you with
this commission. It confers temporary and local rank
only, because to such only my authority extenils j but you
may rely upon having it confirmed, as soon as the des-
patch which I iini now preparing to send otf hhnll reach
the Horse (Juards. And now, ^Mr. Macdirk, you may re.
tire, ('aplain Frascr will fidly instruct you in the busi-
ness which you are about to undertaUe, and you will, of
course, consider all that is said to you, as spoken in the
strictest confidence. Till the fitting moment arrive, you
will continue to do duly with your old leader, though you
will Ik! prepared to give me your personal attendance as
often as I may reipiire." So saying, the general rose and
bowed ; u|)on which Frnser put his arm within mine, and
we quitted the hut.
It were utterly iin]K«siliI(' for me to descrilic the state of
mind into which the preceding scene threw me. I found
myself of a sudden, and when 1 least expected it, advnne.
I'd to the rank of a eommis'jioiied ollicer, and gladdened
with the promise of future advancement from one who
possessed every means of fulfilling it. So far nil my
Ihonghls were agreeable — so agreeable, indeed, as to bor-
der u|>on extravagance. But then there were condilions
to be attended to, there was some service to lie aceoin-
plished more than ordinarily hazardous, Ujion the happy
accomplishment of which my prospects were made dis-
linelly lo de|K'iid. What eould this hi' 7 I neither an
nor ever was a coward, yet lit me confess the truth,
tliough there was nothing liir w hieli I longed more ear-
nestly than an explanation, I Nhrnnk with instinetive
dread from ileninnding it I was afraid, fairly and giosi-
tively afraid — not to (wcv death, for that I had faced often
enough already to have acquired a sort of constitulionnl
cniitempt for it; but I dreaded my own inability to sup-
|»ort the brilliant charaeler which it was very evident my
friend Frnser had bestowed on me. It was my prudence
and discretion, not my physienl courage that I doubted.
I'Vaser rend my agitation in my eounlennnee, thoiigh I
did my best trf coneeni it, and laughed at it. " Why,
Mnedirk !" said he, " I gave you credit for grniler ner\e
than you seem lo ihwschs, What ails you, nmn 1 An
you not extremely fortunate in nblnining promotion thus
early ? and is It not honnurahic to yon in the highest de
gree, that yon should he dcoined worthy of our genrriil's
confidence /" I eould only answer these questions in the
nllirmative ; " but," continued I, " who knows whellier I
bo competent to fulfil the task which he has done me the
honour to nssigu me 7 It may require greater ex|H'rience
and more iiilelligenee than I iHrnsesn; for you know I am
ns yet n young soldier, tliough certainly a very zealous
one."
" Tul, tut I" rrplied he, " I will answer for i our fitness.
.'Vnd no«* Irt us A'ithdraw to some place tput, ihat I ma.y
cxphin to you the nature of llie undertaking in which
you arc about to embark."
\\c walked on for Koinc time, clearing tlie encampment,
and passing the sentries, till we gained nn open ..iid ele-
vated spot, where no intruder eould break in upon us
without timely warning being given of his approach.
Here Frascr seated himself, and inviting me to do the
same, he began a conversiilion, of which I need fcurcely
observe that it was to me a deeply interesting one.
" Macdirk," said be, " you nic not so unskilful in the
bu.sincss of campaigning, as to be ignorant that this army
has got itself into a devil of a scrajie. Whether Burgr.yic
bo to blame, or Howe or Clinton, or the govemnicnt 1 1
home, or nil combined, is a matter of very little moment
now; but that we are entangled in n ni't from which it
will be no easy matter to extricate ourselves with lioncur,
the rawest recruit amongst us must perceive. Don't yr.u
think, tliat to be the means of cutting this (Jordian kne.t,
would of itself be satisfactory to any man ?"
I nodded, rather than spoke, an assent ; upon which he
continued.
" The great question to be solved at prcFcnt is, whether
it he prudent to advance or relrent; for to remain where
we are much longer, is to ensure our certain destruction.
Now that is a matter which cannot be aseertained, unless
some communication be ojiened with the troojis in Niw
York. How do vou think this might be done J"
I answered with [lerfect truth, thiit 1 could offer no
opinion u|>on such a subject, but that I BU]ipoacd (jineral
Howe or Sir William Clinton would lake care to inform
us, as so<-iii us they had matured their plans and wire
ready to ocl u|Hin them. "They mature their |)lnnsl"
an^,« end he, with a smile of bitter scorn. " .\s to i Id
Howe, the fellow never hud head enough to form iiny
plan, unless it were to entrap seme silly wench, or pick
sonic young fellow's pocket; and Clinton is eternally
forniiiig plans, upon which he never nets, and iiiakii g
schemes, for the hnppy ceccntion of which he never fiiiils
a fitting season. If we wait for information roinmuiii-
cateil spontaneously from them, we shall wait, I siispiel,
till doomsday. No, no, my friend, it is we I hat iiiu.st
ope'n this communieatioii : and you arc the ni.Tii lo do so,
or I greatly mistake yon."
" I open this coininnnicntion ! In the name of eoiiniKii
sense, how can I, ignorant as I am of the ennntry, |.re.
tend to make my way thrcugli the heart of the Aiiieri-
can army ?"
Frascr was silent for some minutes, during which Iio
lix)kcd steadily into my face, as if he would have rctd
my inmost soul, and weighed my very feelings before
they were roused. " Macelirk," suid he nt length, "tlic-c
arc not times when a man who loves his country nniit
be very fastidious as to the inenns which he adopts to
serve her. As 1 saiil licforc, we are in a des|M'rate liliglit,
and desperate measures only will snve us. Vou nmst
undertuKe tliis business, lor 1 have pledged my: i If Ihnt
vou should; and though you put your neck in jeopnrdy
by so doing, whnt niattiis it? It you be prmleiit, you
may escape, and then a rapid promotion awaits you."
Another pause of some moments occurred, for iny as-
surances that I would attempt any thing piaeticable can
hardly be said lo have broken it, when Frascr ngnin re-
sumed. " I presimie you are possessed of loo iiiiieh good
sense not to lie aware, that the character of every uetioii
takes its tone, not from the opinions of others respceling
it, Imt from tlie motive which dietales its performnnca.
You are likewise too much of a soldier not lo Ik- con-
vinced, that he who obeys his geiural only does his duty,
hi the order be of what nature or tendeney it may."
To both of these propositions, I readily nsseiiU'd. "Well,
then," continued he, " suppose (leneral Hurgoyne were to
require you or me to desert our colours, — nut for the piir-
|H)Ke of really acting ns trnitors, but lo further some gn'ut
end of his own, — do you think that we should lie justified
in obeying him?" Even now I eouhl not eoniprehrnd tliu
objeii ul which he was driving; so I replied vaguely anil
in general terms, that I did not believe any ginernl would
deiiiiind such a sacrifice from the niennest of his followers,
mill that it would be time enough to discuss the proprhty
of oliedieiue or disobedience, when an order lO lingiihir
were issued. " Then, my good fellow," said he, speaking
in a lone of great carnestnesh, and Inyiiig his hand upon
my shniilder, "that moment lins nctiinlly come. I will
cut Ibis matter shorl. Of the difficulties into which wo
have fnllen I have olrendy told you. Wo advance, it it
true, on the morrow, — tliat is to say, we erum the river,
and shall probably push forward nt all harjirds as far n«
.'Mbuny ; hut iM-yund that |Hiint we cannot move till the
triNqis from New York he Induced to lend ns their as.
sisttuicc. How are ihuy to he told of our neriinus silij '•
tion ■*— foi if we be m jrof irdy now, ^-c f tiftU be a ihiu-
m
"v*
M
SARATOGA.
i f-
siiid times more in danger when the Hudson ia between
us and our coninuniicalions. 'I'licrc is but one way of
ellbcling this cud. To attempt a passage through the
enemy's lines unnoticed, would be to expose yourself to
certain destruction. Five messengers have been already
gent out, and all five liave, as our spies inform us, suffered
death. You must desert; you nmst pretend to pass over
to the enemy, and then you must find your way as you
best can, to the coast. No doubt you will have obstacles
to overcome both numerous and severe; but the thing
must be done, — and you nmst do it"
I was so confounded at this declaration, that for some
time after Fraser had ceased to speak, I sat absolutely at
a loss for a reply. Had he proimsed to me to make my
way in disguise, though I should have felt that the service
was a de»i)crate one, 1 would have undertaken it, if not
cheerfully, at all events without a murnmr ; but to adopt
the method now (viiuted out was to put in jeopardy, not
only my life, but my honour. As soon as i could so far
command myself as to speak, I positively and flatly de-
clined the trust. I e.xprea.'ied not only my disinclination
to the arrangement-, but the absolute impossibility of per-
forming it with eftect ; for what excuse could 1 offer to
tlio enemy for such a proceeding, should I be so furtimate
as to reach their lines unhurt ? and if I did reach thcni,
where was th.: probability that I should l)c permitted to
penetrate as far iis New Vork ? " No, no," conliiuied I,
" propose any thing to nic except tliis, and I will aC(;om-
plish if, or perish in the attempt ; but if I nuist put my
reputation in liazanl, in order to purcha.'»e advancement
in a profession which requires in its meniljcrs tlic nicest
s»nso of honour, I will rather continue as I am, unknown
and disregarded, for ever."
I sjiokc feelingly and warmly, and my toiu^ was not
without its effect upon Fraser ; but he persisted in urging
the ta.sk Ujion nie. He pointed out, that of my reputafion
both (-eneral Ilurgoync and himself would tike charge;
that, if 1 p(!rislied, amjde justice would be done to my
metnory ; whcreiis, if I siiecerdcd, my renown would
biightcn in proportion to the temisirary cloud tliat had
bjcii cast over if. Above all, he urged nic to take into
consideration the prodigious l>enefits which I might lie
llie means of eonfiTring U|)on an entire arm^'. Though
I could not but acknowledge tliat there was great justice
in many of his arguments, they were not yet sui;h as to
convince me. I persisted in my refusal, at all events,
whilst things conlinued as little des|)erafe as they were,
and begged him to urge me no more on a |xjint on which
my mind w.is ipiitc made up. Fraser either was, or pre-
tended to be, both hurt and offended by my maimer.
" ATid vour commi-isiiin," said he, "for what pur|io»e
was Ihiit conferred u|K)n you.' Will vou retain the re-
ward without having striven to merit it .'"
"(•apl.iin Fraser," replied I haughtily, "the cominis-
sion w;i.s ciinferred u|)on me, — at least, 1 accepted it, —
not as a retaining fee for future services, but as a reward
for the p.ist ; but since tliere appears to be a doubt on the
Rubject, let it Iw solved af once. Here is the bit of paper,
carry it back to the general, and fell him, that 1 would
rather serve as a private vohmteer, honourably and up-
rightly, than earn the dignity of lieUl marshal, by eonibiel
such as my own cMuiseience cannot approve." I held out
the parchment wliilst 1 spoke, my face glowing with a
Kcinc of insulted dignity ; but Fraser pushed it aside,
and throwing liin arms about my neck, In'gged nie to
forget his hasty oliservatinn.
"Keep your commission, my ilear Imy," cried he;
" you never ap|Mared more worthy of it llniii now ; for
though 1 think your scruples ill-t()unded and ivcii ridicu-
lous, ( cannot but resiH'ct the principle from wliieh they
upring. Iivt Ihe leiior of our past c^onversafion Imi kepi
otrictly to oiirselvi's, Think over my proposnl again, and
perhaps the inomint may arrive when you will iliscover,
lli'at a soldier never acts so nobly as when he risks, in his
country's service, all that is most dear to him." So say-
inj, he rose from the ground, and we strolled back to the
cmip, arm in arm, as we had ipiittrd it, on the Im'sI terms,
and in iierfect gn<id humour.
You will ri'adily b""lie\e ihiit the procieilingii ofllie
evening were of such a nature as nlterly to unfit irie liir
entering U|ioii anyoftho^e employments in which il was
custuinaiy to spend our lime during the season of inae-
fion. The soeiely of my eninr.ides was distasli'ful lo
me, — I could not me»t tliini as fornierly ; so I witlidtevv
lo my own wigw.nn, to iinlulge in a Irani of Ihoiiglil, in
whieli it would Ih' diffieiilt to say wliitlii'r flie pleasant or
IIh" iminfid most predoniinal<d. t)]i one hand 1 eon>idered,
that an opporlunily was now presenled of ndvniwinir niy
fortunes, such «s might never offer again; and llial if I
neglerled it, llie fine mighl, and piolinbly wnold riMic ,
when I should biftcily lament my folly. On the ollur.
fhc risk of iierisliing, and perishing like a coward, witli
u reputafion tarnished, and a name never to be pronounced
without reproach, — Uiese considerations operated power-
fully witli me, to adhere to the determination which ]
had already expressed, of absolutely refusing the part as-
signed lo me. For it had been explicitly stated, that no
step would be taken to preserve my memory from dis-
grace, till the fact of my having fallen a sacrifice should
tic ascertained. My own safety, indccd| required that
neitlier Uie general nor Fraser should intrust mc with
any written document, from which, in case of untoward
events occurring, a justification might be drawn ; and to
permit the eircmnstancc of their connivance witli my
pretended crime to get abroad, would infallibly ruin the
entire plot. Real deserters passed over to tlie enemy's
lines every day ; nnd should it be known in our camp
that a spy had ossunicd that character, no great time
would elapse ere the Americans would become equally
aware of it. Besides, what probability existed, even al-
lowing that I reached their army in safety, tliat I shouki
be (MTinilted to oass unobserved to the rear ? and if I did,
were there not numerous posts in the highlands, through
which it would lie necessary to make my way, in order
to reach New York ? The whole affair accordingly ap-
jiearod in a light so little satisfactory, that though ambi-
tion pulled forcibly to one side, prudence, nnd what I was
willing to dignify by the name of honour, pulled no less
strongly to the other ; and I found myself, afVcr many
hours' intense cogitation, os far from arriving at a final
determination as when tlie proposal was first laid before
me.
The same doubts and misgiving which had tormented
me during tlie day, continued to torment mc when it de-
parted. I l.iy down, indeed, but it was not to slrap, for
with sleep the fever midcr which I lalmured was totally
at variance. After tossing aliout, therefore, for some time,
I fancied that the night air miglit refresh me, and, wrap-
ping my cloak about me, I walked forth. It was one of
those lovely autumnal nights, when the full harvest moon
shines in all her brilliancy, and every plant and leaf glit-
ters in the dew, which never falls so fast as after a day of
burning sunshine. The sky was blue and cloudless, and
there was a silence throughout the lines, deep and un-
broken, like that which reigned in the camp of^tlie Assy-
rians, when the Angel of Death fought for Jerusalem.
Kveii the sentinels, as if weary of promenading, stood
still, and leaning upon the muzzles of tlicir firelocks,
looked up into the heavens, whilst tlic only soiuid dis-
finguisliabic was the murmur of the river as it swept
with a quiet rush over its rocky channel. Of the effect
)f such a scene upon spirits somewhat over-wrought, 1
need not sfx'ak. A calm ft II iijion me, similar in all re-
six'els to that which ap|icared to dwell ujion the rest of
Nature's works ; and I strolled forward in Uie direction
of the outposts, forgetful of every idea or sensation, ex-
i'( |it those which surrounding objects were calculated to
exeile.
It was not long In'fore the hmlily macliine liegan lo
fiel the inlliK'iiri^ of a mind reeoniiled to itself, and eased
of troublesome spiM'ulafions. A desire to sleep, which all
my eiforts In promote bad failed in exciting, stole gra-
dually but iiii|KreeptibIy o\er me; and 1 returned soon
after inidnight to my tent, where a sound nnd refreshing
slumber fell iifion me,
CH.M'TKR VII.
At an early Imur in tJie morning of the Mtli, I was
awoke by the entrance of an orderly, who came to inform
me that llic troops were getting iinilir arms, anil thai llie
passage of tlii^ river was exix^eteil immediately to fake
place. Of the (ireparalions for this step, which had for
some lime Imek been carried on, I was not ignorant. A
flotilla of iKiats having Iseii coMectrd, and an adequate
number of rails eoiisfriicted, our |K!oplc had thrown a
briilge across the Hudson, a task to the rompletinn of
wliieli no iiitiTriiption was offered by the .Americans;
and now all things Ising in rendlness, even to the bring-
iiig up of slnres and provisions, il was determined lo lose
no fiiiic in turning the work in question to uieoiinf. I
was not surprised at this inliiriiiafion, because Fraxir, in
our coiili'ii'iK'c of III!' preceding day, had led me lo ex
peet if ; so I arose, dn sw'd with all haste, and hurried oil
to assume my priqicr station with the Marksmen.
Nothing eoiild Ihi I'lier or more im|>osing, than flu
s|i<'elaek> which this eventful morning produced. 'I'he
army, thniigh diminished in |siiiit of iiunih<'rs, and some,
what shorn of its splendour by long nnd s« vere fcrviee,
was still such as no military eye could iK'Imhl wifhoiit
ndniirntion ; and as it defiled over fliR nnrrow bridge in
column of sections, tlio regularity of ilJ muvcmcnts, ami
the steadiness of its well ordered tread, failed not to n.
cite, at least in me, much of my former enthusiasm. Noi
was the scene wilhoiit its effect upon others, as well ai
upon myself. The officers, generally, cleared away froij
their brows the clouds which had of late hung over them,
and exhibited, by their bearing and cheerful comitenancf!,
that even yet they anticipated success ; whilst tlic soldicn
resumed in a moment that bold and careless demeanour,
of which a prolonged inactivity, for which they eannoi
satisfactorily account, never fails to deprive British troopt
Even tlic commander in chief, of whose disposition i«
despond ample proof had already been exhibited, sat ir,
evident delight to watch tlic progress of an operation,
touching the ultimate consequences of which he forbore
to form a guess ; and spoke nnd acted like one who liad
not yet resigned all hoiic of a fortunate issue. Frasct
olonc took, or apiieared to take, no interest in passing
events.
' You see, Mncdirk," said ho to mc, " tlint the general
still trusts to your zeal. 1 have not told him, nor will I
tell him, that you reject his offers, and refuse to obey hii
wishes ; but this much I do not hesitate to say to yourself;
that on you now, more than on niiy other individual, miui
the safety of this army depend. By crossing tlic rivet
we commit ourselves, beyond the hope of redemption;
and we are utterly ruined, unless Clinton move to sup.
port un."
No opportunity was furnished of giving on answer to
this speech, for the speaker passed on before I could iii.
tor a syllable, and 1 could only follow in a state of feeling,
not very easily dcscribcul, tliough certainly far from be-
ing so agreeable as had but a few moments before pos-
sessed mc.
To trans|Kirt the army with its guns, stores, nnd am-
munition, over the Hudson, occupied tlie whole of flio
13th and the greater part of the 14th of September. Ii
is true that no very vigorous exertions were made to
conduct the movement with greater alacrity ; but as tlic
weather chanced to lie particularly favourable, and the
enemy showed no disposition to interfere, little immediate
ineonvenience arose out of their absence. We took up a
|K>sition, partly upon the heights, partly in the plains neai
Saratoga, where we remained unmolested till a late hout
in the evening of the 15tli.
It is hardly necessary for me to remind you, that in
the prosecution of the American war, c&ution, amounting
to timidity, sometimes received the appellation of nrii-
dcnce, nnd that indecisive and dilatory proceedings, from
whatever cause they might arise, passed in too many in-
stances current for the results of wise nnd sober conai-
dcration. There was a sort of instinctive apprehension
of unseen dangers in the minds of our leaders in general,
which seldom failed to operate with the grentcst powot
on occasions where there existed the feeblest ground for
il; and to such General Dnrgoync proved himself, on this
as on other occasions, not less a slave than his brot^ :
commanders. Instead of piisliing vigorously forward to
Albany ut once, from which we were now distant little
more than thirty miles, he put his columns in motion on
the l.'ifhiOnly llinl he miglit again halt, after coiiipassini;
a journey of barely five miles. There, at n place cnlkd
Hovacott, a seeend (losifiiiii was assumed, with the |>arnile
nf |M'rsons satisfied with the siiecesses which they haJ
already obtained, and anxious to secure tiiem ; nnd tlure,
during the wlinle of the llitli, flic main body was kept in
a stale of useless and diplornble inactivity.
Whilst the army at large was thus wasting its time,
nnd furnishing the enemy willi all the leisure which tiny
could desire liir the eomplitinn of their prc|)arntions, one
or two lecomuiitriiig parties were sent out, confesseilly
with n view to asceifnin the nature nnd resources of the
surrounding enunfry, but iiinrc truly, i Ix-lieve, nn a sort
of excuse to the mind of the general himself. On lliif
service I chanced to be employed. We found no trace dl'
the Americans witliiii the s|mce which our orders mark-
ed out for IIS, nnd very little from which to draw iips
rc|iorf difl'crcnf fnmi thai which our guides nnd spies lind
L'iveii previous to the eommencenient of the campni(rn-
llire, as in the ilirectinii of Hi niiington, swiepingloreili
nniversnlly privailid. In the heart of these, and at enn-
siderable intrrvnls one f'riaii nnnlher, h lew farm houici
and ollii'r settlements were plai''ed, and wlierever siirli
(Hciirred, there was the iiKiial pro|iottioii of grieii meniloiv
and n|H'ii fields ; but fiir the most part flic scenery uai
such as prevails in oilier qiiarlers of Ametien, cs|H-einllv
near the lakes, or by the courses of the largi^ ri\er>
( 'reeks niiil snialler streams were, indeed, more abundiiiii
here than we bail yet liiiiiiil llirni, falling in, across flu
line of our route, with the Hudson ; bill these wi're ol-
inost nil i'\tr< Mii'ly narrow, Mime of lliiiii quite shalliiw.
and not one capable of iiiiprding flic prngrits oilhri ol
I'd tread, fail«d not to tt.
y former enthusiasm. Not
:t upon others, as well ii
ivrally, cleared away froni
lad of late hung over them,
ind cheerful couIltcnancr^
access ; whilst tlic soldicn
I and careless demeanour,
ty, for which they eannoi
a to deprive British troopi
', of whose disposition iq
idy been exhibited, sat ir.
progress of an operation,
nees of which lie forbore
d acted like one who had
fortunate issue. Frascr
c, no interest in passing
I to me, " Oiat the genera]
B not told him, nor will I
irs, and refuse to obey hii
hesitate to say to yourself,
my other individual, mtui
1. By crossing tlie river
the hope of redemption;
^ss Clinton move to sup.
d of giving on answer lo
scd on berare I could m.
bllow in n state of feeling,
rh ccrtninly far from be.
ew moments before po«.
its guns, stores, and am.
cupicd tlie whole of ths
3 14th of September. Ii
exertions were made lo
^ater alacrity ; but as tlic
larly favourable, and tin?
interfere, little immediate
• alisence. We took up a
I, partly in the plains near
nmolested till a late hour
! to remind you, that in
I war, c&ution, amounting
the appellation of nrn.
ilatory proceedings, from
', pasKrd in too many in
)f wise and sober coml.
instinctive apprehension
of our leaders in general,
vith the greatest power
I the feeblest ground lor
proved himself, on tliii
lave thon his hrot'^ ;
vigorously iorwhrd lo
ere now distant lllllo
loliiiiiiis in motion on
linlt, nOer coinpasbiiii;
Then', nt ii pliice called
siiiiii'd, with the panicle
r.s.ses which they hal
lire tiirni; and tliirr,
iiuiii body was kept in
naclivity.
thus wasting its time,
1 the leisure which tliey
their prc|Mirntinns, one
sdit nut, confessi'illv
re nnd reHourees of llie
Illy, I JM'lieve, ns a sorl
rnl himself. Dii tliii
We fdiiiul no trace el
liieli our orders mark
11 which lo draw up »
ir guides nnd spies liail
iiieut of the canipai)rii.
pinn, swi rping ioreili
t of these, niul at rnii.
irr, a lew farm houici
I, nnd wlirri'ver siieli
itiiiii of grcrn nieniliin
pnrl the Freiiery wai
f America, e»|K'einlly
of the large ri»iri,
ndeed, more ahundiiiii
filling ill, across llir
1 ; bill till se were nl
if (lii'iii (|iiit(' shiillow,
lie prngrct.) cillici (•!
SAKATOiiA.
..fiuitry or arti.'lcry for a single hour. Ytt General Bur-
•oync saw fit to delay tlie nmreh of his eoluiiins till they
"lould all be furnished with bridges constructed after a
jttled model : ond the consequeiieo wa.«, tli.it wlieii it
lid begin again to move, our marcli was at ouec tardy,
jrcgular, and cruelly interrupted.
** On the 1 7tli we were once more in motion ; but the
*i»nic caution that had hitherto cramped u.s, continued to
"^xurt its influence. No doubt, the road by wliicli we travel-
ed was ft bad one. Swnmps and creeks intervened so frc-
ucntly, that o<:casional halt's to enable the pinneers to do
lieir oflicc, were iiidis|)ensable ; whilst detached bodies of
e enemy began by degrees to show tlieiiisclves, though
ley studiously avoided a rencontre with our ad' ance.
ut those inconveniences, tlirough umiuestionably cdiisid-
able, were not such ns to produce the result vvliicli ac-
.ally occurred. Our progress wns ridiculously slow,
id we again halted, about four miles from Stillwater,
laving compassed barely one league and a half from sun-
ise till afternoon. Here, nimn a spot of ground us fa-
-onrablc as could lie seleelcd, the caiiiji was |>itelic(l, and
til tilings were arranged, as if for a sojourn, not of a few
ours, but of many weeks.
It was my fortune this night to ho placed in coiuinand of
"^ very important and liazari'.diis outpost. Ourstation ■
'Iroiitoftheariny, inanopcn meadow covered witu long,
(grass, and intersected by a stream, whieli, lliougli iiciliier
*very deep nor very broad, was rend,' red (lilliiiill to pass
joii account of the steepness of its banks and the rapidity
I' its current. Over that stream my little baiul was
islieil for the purpose of eoveiiiig a working piiity,
liieli immediately alli-rniglitfall was ordireil up lo eon-
itruet a bridge; and bi'iiig wholly iinsii|iiH)rted, or rather
iilirely in advance of the regular chain, we were left to
roviile as we l)est could against such contiiigeiiiios as
night befall. I need not say that in such a siliiatinn my
clings were not of llie most enviable dtscriplinn. 'I'liero
as nothing on eillier of my flanks to which I eoiilil
look; no line of sentinels eoiiiu'cliiig nie willi otlirr piek-
(.s, or even keeping oiieu my eonnnnnieation willi llie
ear; but I stood ulone as it were, in the midst of an 0|mii
.jilairi, exposed on all sides to attack, yet myself e.vpected
Tlo give protection to others.
i As the Sim had not set when I first took up my ground,
some opportunity was given to provide against arciilenls,
of which I gladly and eagerly proceeded In avail myself.
I planled my guard, consisting of fitly men, dirrelly in
front of the spot marked out (i)r the bridge, and piislied
out my sentries in a convex line, some two or lliree liiin-
died yards in advance. Hy this nrrangemeut I flaUeriil
myself with giving at least some security bcith lo my
front and flanks, for tlie line of sentries tlfl baek on liolli
hands lo the river; and trusting to a patrol for the prolec.
tioii of my rear, I endeavoured lo |x'rsuade iny.si If that all
was sal!'. Hut as daylight departed, my apprelnnsious
iH'gan lo gather strength, more especially as the appear,
ance of the sunset seemed lo foretell a eoining l(ni|)cst;
and when night eIo.sed in in darkness the innsi inipenetra-
hie, I trembled ihr the fate which might nwall not myself
only but the entire army. That no blame, however, iiiiglit
altaeli lo nie, in case any untoward event did oeeur, 1 re.
solved not so much as lo lie down; ami the inure In deceive
an enemy, should any such npproac'h, I caused the fires lo
be extinguished, ami eomniamUd the men to maintain a
profliiind but watchful silence.
You will easily believe-, that with such inipnssinns
upon my inind, I ex|K'riene(il no inclination wliulever to
sleep. Willi the departure of the sun's hn^f ray, my per.
ainliiilatiniis began ; and from thai moiuinl I eea.-i-d not
lo wander rmiml from one flank of the eliaiii of sentries
lo aniillier. For some lime these exeursinns wcri' pro.
din'tive of no other results tliaii nsinlly altcnd the \i.
silalions of their videttes by careful ofiieers: llie inni were
all kept active to their duly; but of danger or the np.
pcaranee of it, no symptom whatever was rxliibilcd.
Once indeed, and only once, when the pTlrol eliiillriigid
I'roni the rear, I was put cnmpletelv on niv indlle; "iiiit
as the |H'rsous hailed proved to be flrleii(ls--as Ihey were
indeed the artificers eoiiie up lo fiilfil llicir task. Hie
sense of ninriii which Iheir arrival ennled, s i gave
phiei' lo a degree of eonlhlenee iiion' di cidiil lliaii I had
lienlolore exiKTinieed. Vet 1 ennid iinl wlinllv divist
myself of the iMTsiiasinii thai llie Americans wen iware
111 1 iir exjHised siliialion, uiid would avail llienisehes of
it ; and the issue proved that mlllier my lorehndings nor
• iispieiiiiis were groimdh'ss.
It miglil be nlioiit ten or elevrti n'elml,, niir aitifieers
lii'ing in fiill and rather hiipiac i.ii- eiiiployiiiinl In the
when, on goiii'.r my round-, I suildei'ilv iiinght n
person ' ■ . ' .
igh lie
iinnil lis „\'
•''llllinll Ihlc
moving slowly and with ivtreine
rinps. I ►li.pprd kIi.iii, finl, apply.
ing my ear to the ground, hecanic instaiUly satisfied
that my sense of hearing had not ( eeiived me, though,
to assist that sense with the scn.sc of sight not my ut.
most exertions availed any thing. The moon, already
in the wane, had not yet risen, and the few stars which
from time to time .shot forth, were almost immediately
darkened by a mass of black clouds, whicli a strong
southerly breeze drove through the sky. I could not,
therc^fore, distinguish any object at the distance of live
yards ; and even noises lieeauu! every moment more and
more indistinct, as the increasing force of the wind cans-
ed the weeds and boughs to wave with greater and great,
er violence. The tread of men is, however, a sound which
when once heard it is not tvisy to fiirget; and hence,
though the sighing of the wind and the rustling of the
long grass caused frerpient and long interruptions, ! still
caught lit intervals the trampling of llet, as if people
were defiling past me. I challeugcd loudly, and my dial,
lengc wiLS rejicated hy the line of sentries, one after an-
other. At this instant, tlierc came a luU in the tlorni ;
for the fresh breeze had graeluully increased to a storm ;
and that lull, in all jirobaljilily, saved us. Not I alone,
but the sentinels every where overheard Hie shutlling
"hicli a halt suddenly and ((iiielly ordered never liiils lo
dnee; audit became appart-nt lo all, that our post
would shortly lie maintained only hy diul of eouragi
and hard fighting.
Thus eireuinstanced, I f( It that net a moment was to
be lost, (ietliiig my picket mider arms, and despatehiiii.'
a corporal to warn the arlifieers of their elanger, 1 look
with iiic a patrol of six men, ami stole <niietly forward
towards the s|»)t from whence the sounds seemed lo pro-
ceed. We lii d advanced hut a few paces in fVoiil of tin
videttes, when the leadhig file, in obedience lo.lhe orders
which I had given them, fired. InsUuitly there arose a
clamour of voices; and I he shots being answeied b^ a
discharge iif twenty or thirty firelocks, a strung body of
.\iiierieans advanced. They came on, too, upon our right,
as if they had been moving liir suiiir time unobserved, ii
the direeliou of th" river, .Mid liad siueeeded ill passing'
the greater numlierof our sentinels; and in a minute after,
we tbiuid ourselves warmly and awkwardly engaged with
men of whose position, as well ns of tlieir immerical
strength, we were necessarily ignorant.
In all night attiieks, the assailing party has, and must
have, at hast at the Isginning of the fray, a deeiihd ad.
vantage. Men do not care, when tir.st tired upon, to liicc
they know not what d.cnger, or from whence prueeediug;
and hence, if a night attack he but vigorously and pro.
denlly followi il up, it seldom fails of siieeess. Ihit to be
thus liiUowi'd up, it iiiiisl be made net by raw militiiimi'ii,
however individually brave, but by regular troops, w
disciplined, and aeeusliiined lo act ti.^etlier by word of
command. Now the .\merieans happened not lo be dis.
eipluied, as our people hapiiened lo he tlu'- reverse; and
hence, though we gavi' way at first, retreating ainiost lo
the edge of the stream, the assailants fiili (I to Inru tin Ir
advantage lo a just aeeonnt. They kept n|i, indeed,
heavy and ineessant fire, more miignificent to behold
than destructive in its elVccts ; but tiny hung baek, hap-
pily fir us, in their advanee, anil lieiiee gave us ainplu
time lo recover Ironi lln.- panic into wliieh llnv had at
fir.-t thrown ns. Our entire stiirgtii was hy this means
brought together, and formed a eliiiiii across the piiiiit
at wlileh llie pioneers were iinployi il; after wliieh, in.
stead of wailing to he again attaeki'd, we piiHhed liiruanl
boldly, but with extreme e'lution, so ns to meet and dis
eoiiipiiM- the arrangeniriits nf the I'lieiny.
Stealing on in this plight, and prcM-rving a silence tin
most profound, we grailiially drew upon the blaze of tlu
.\inerieaii nmsUilry. .\s we were ourselves totally im
Men all the vvliile, we contrived In apprnaeli so near, thiil
at last the laces of the men themvelvis bei lune pereepti
hie, anil we saw beliire us a dark hue, leuularly drawn
np, and covering ill close order a space of several him-
dred fi-et, iVoiii right to left. The spi etaile was al onei
gr.ilid am! Imposing, I'lr, whatever iiili;lit be their det!.
cieney in diseipliiie, the tillows shown!, by their iinmov.
able front, that ill courage, at least, tliey were not deli'
eieiil ; and as they iMitninnlieri il ns by nt least six lo one
it savoured soniew hilt of I xeesK of rashness, lo lliliik iil
elo.-ing willi lliem. It.it I knew that my situation wii
a desperate one; 1 kiiiw also that my tiiliowrrs were
brave, and eoidil safely Ik- de|Miiileil on; hi I gave IIk
word. In a loud lone, lo lire a vi.lley, and close. The
order was inslnully obeyed. .Mv pinple, though in ex-
tended files, rushed ll>rvviird lo llie iliiirsfc, and in an In-
stant we were eii(rii;L'<'d hiiiiil to li.ind with OUT assail-
ants.
The lmiiii.dialc ed'ecl of » eliari;e ..o spirited was to
cause the eieiny to recoil; Ihey eviti loi I their order foi
a time, and in some parts of the liiiu turned and fled;
but Ihc odds against us were tremendous, and soon be-
gan to tell. Tlie Aim rieaiis' fire alone was overwhehn-
iiig; and though our brave fellows withstood it nobly,
they were nt last conipellcd lo give ground. And now
it may truly le said, that wc lijiight ftir lite or death.
Borne back to the edge of the stream, nt a point where
its steep a-.d rocky bunk rendered all effort to pass hope-
less, nothing seemed' left for us, except to sell our lives at
the dearest; fijr a cry suddenly arose of mo>t perilous
import, forbidding nil exiHitnlion of quarter, even in
ca.>.e of submission. Where this cry originated, I know
not ; for, to do them justice, il was no part of the .\mc-
ricau policy to render the war one of extermination ; but
that it did sound over the noise of the .'■trifi-, and was re-
pented from man lo man, I have the evidence of my
.senses for declaring. Yet I much ipiesliun whether it
did not, upon Ihc whole, prove serviceable to us. If any
mail had previnusly entertained an idea of surrender, llio
shout of " No Quarter 1" caused him instanlly lo uban-
don it; and heni:e all fought like perioiis labouring un-
der the sure conviction, that their lives inui-'. pay the for-
feit cither of cowardice or insubordination.
There was, u|)Oii the tununit of the right hank, a
stripe of' low underwood, of tlic sk-nder cover afl'orded
by which wc gladly availed ourselves. There wc lav
liir a full hour, exposed lo a fiisillade, which, hut fiir tlio
thick darkness which rendered it comparatively harm-
less, must have annihilalid us in u few minulCB; and,
strange to s.iy, not an efl'ort was made by the troops in
our n ar, either to support us in our position, or bring us
off. 'J'hat the alarm was, indeed, comniimieutcd to
tlieiii, a variety of eircunistanees iKiinted out. In an
inslaiit all the fires in the camp were extinguished; ths
roll of drums, and the braying of bugles, came up upon
the blast, and every other sound which usually accom-
panics the sudden calling of men from sleep to arms,
was distinctly heard. But iif I a company was put in
iiir)lion, at least as fhr as we could di.-eever, though of
the ixtreme peril of our situation, it ajj cared impossiblo
that our leader cnuld be ignorant. I'oilunatcly for us,
however, the Americans were slow to I.elicve that a Hri-
tisli general could give up one of his advanced posts to
destruction. These indications of a ginen;l stir in tlio
camp were no sooner cIiserM il, llian the fire of the enemy
iKgaii to slacken, and Ihey gradually withdrew from be-
fiire a handful of men, not one of whom, had Ihey per-
severed a few minutes longer, could have escaped. 1
need not say, that never has a cciiipieror rejoiced moro
sincerely at his victory, i ban we rejoiced liiis night nt
the rclrogressii 11 of our enemies, over whom, liowevcr,
we were hardly weak enough to trimnpb, as if by dint
of our own personal valour we had repulsed them.
The last shot had been long fired, iHuilhe last shadow
of ail .Viiurican withdrawn, bel'ori, we ventured In
emerge from tin- tliicket, or i'cel our way towards tho
front. Seeing, however, that no lie my rallied, wc at
length ti«'l> I iiiirage lo approach the ope-ii eeiuntry ; and
our salisllie I'Mii was fiir I'min trilling, when we Inniid
that not a vestige- eif Hie- fiiice, willi which wc had just
been engaged, renin ini'd. Tlie-y were gone, h-uviiig be-
liinel them iiianire.-l traces of their reiiile in the long
grass trodden down into mimerous piithwiiys; and grea'
and wtll-fonmbd was our jeiy, when we pi-rceivcd thai
these all led ill a dircelieii deeiile dly towards the front.
Thus assure il that the ri-trogression was no f'eiiit lo draw
us fi niii emr place- eif Kalely, nnd expose us lei t'ri-sh as-
saults, we proci-e cleel to assiinie- once more the ground
freiiii which we had >.o lately been ilrivcn ; whilst a iiics-
.si iiger was despale bed, with all haste, lo the reor, in
order to acquaint the general with the result of the
skirmish,
It was not withoeil e-onsieU-ral le dillienlly that the lat-
te-r contrived, during lln- darkness nf ibis IcmpcFlnons
nijilit, lo make bis way across the stream; but he did
eio.ss it, and in thtr time the pioneers, who bad rclrealed
em Ihc first fire-, retnincd to complile tlnir tasks. In
the ini-an while, having earefiilly rcpbui d my sentinels,
I sent out parlies in all dircelions, to examine the field,
as we II IIS Ihey i-oulel, Hir lln- weinmled and ilyilig. Ou
emr side, lliiee ami twenty men had I'iilleii, of whom HI'-
li-eii were soon bronglit in, snnie- more, and nihers less
M vcrcly hurt ; but of the- e ni-iuy no niore lliaii six were
iliseovi-red, nnd nf tlicFe', all, exei-pl one, died before
ineeliiMil assiftaiici- roiilel arrive. 'I'lint the mmil)er of
weimidcd nmengthc .Nmerieans till short nf ours, 1 cnn
hardly believe- : for their ile-nte orde r ex|insrd Ibcm Icr
ribly ; and our fire, though more brokiiillinii theirs, wns
mil less de-liberiiti- ; lint bi-ing ve-ry superior in numlHrs,
Ihey eloublles-. renieive il all that ap|M-nreil enpnbic of rr
movnl when llnv ulrii'l(.il; nnd perhaps Ihcfc were Icl'l
in
."iG
SAHATOU^.
I) 4 I
it
i
m
■i4
I'cliiiid, only bccauHC tliey fjilcd by tlicir cries or motions
to attract llio notici; oFtli^ir rcliriiij; comrades. Bo this,
liowevcr, as it may, it is very certain tli:it we could tes.
tify to the destiny ot' no more tlian six wounded men of
our asMailants, whilst, as I have already stated, our own
wounded fell not sliort of twenty-three. Nor was the
proportion between the numbers killed on both sir) is
very ditferent. Sev?n British, with only three Aincri-
e.uis, were found dead when daylight came in; and
hence, unless it be supjiosed tliat they rcniovcd their dead
aNo, the loss experienced by us was, even in point of
number.--, far (jrcatcr than that suB'ured by the enemy.
Bat I am anticipating;.
It might be about one or two o'clock in the morning
when the .\niei icans retreated ; from which period,
however, up to tlie return of dawn, no fresh alarm oc-
iiirred. As may well be believed, that was to us a pe-
riod of no common anxiety and interest. It is true that
the general was no sooner made aware of our deliver-
nncc than he ordered up an entire battalion, for the dou-
ble purpose of sujiporting us, and more ctt'ectually co-
vering tlio operations of the artificers; but even the
presence of this largo force in our rear was far from
rendering us satisfied with our gmsilijn, or allaying that
agitation and excitement which tlie events of the earlier
part of the niglii had occasioned. No man closed an
eye ; whilst all watched, with an impatience the most
unlKiundcd, the gradual approach of li^ht To add to
our sources of grievance, the storm which had hitherto
confined itself entirely to wind, broke up into passing,
but tremendous showers. They were cold and cutting,
driving furiously from the north, and partaking as much
of tho character of hail as of rain ;and they came not un-
accompanied by the usual attendants on such gusts, an
occasional flash of lightning and burst of thunder. The
cifect of all tliis was, it must bo confessed, extremely
line — at least it would have been considered so, had it oc-
curred at any other season, or under dificrent cir-
cumstances ; hut wc already felt tho influence of too
many causes of excitation, not to t'eel that such an addi-
tion to them was far from being agreeable. True, the
liglitning laid bare, from time to time, every surround-
ing object. We could distinctly observe, tor example,
us often as a Hash occurred, not only the chain of videttes
leaning on their firelocks, but the trampled grass where
the fight hail taken place, with caps, pouclics, arms, anti
even bodies scaltored over it; whilst the same blazc
s itisfied us for the moment, that no fresh columns were
hovering near, nor fresh ambuscades tlireatening us.
But tliero was an irritability about us which caused us to
derive from such displays no gratification whatever ;
indeed the very sound of the thunder wnji distressing, us
ul! loud noises are, to men who labour under nervous
agitation. In a word, the night, though marked by no
fresh adventures, passed painfully and heavily away ;
nn.l wc hailed the first streaks of dawn with a degree of
delight, for which I am sure there was no solid founda-
tijii ill the circumstancej by wliieli wc were surround-
ed.
CHAPTER VIII.
There was no necessity on the morning of the 18th
fi>r any parlicul.ir exertion of authority in order to get
both the pickets and the su|>|>orting b,ittiilion under arms,
'i'lic former, indeed, from the close of the nocturnal en-
counter, had nut quiited llieir ranks, merely silting down
upon the ground, with their firelocks in their hands;
t!ie latler, if tliey sli'pt at all, slept so lightly, that the
faintest cry sulliecd to rouse tlii'ni. And it was well for
II 1 that «ucli prec.iulions hid been taken. Though uii-
SMCcessful ill tlielr iiijjlit attack, the Aiiierieans ap|K'ared
di teririini;il initio (leniiit the conslriictioii of our bridges
Vt proceel nitliciit iiilerriiplion ; for the nioriiing was
yet grey luid obscure wlien a ' irge li.idy of infantry, sup.
p.irli'il by a fiw cavalry, were oliserved moving towards us,
Not a iiiKineiit WHS lost on nur side ill iii;ikiiig proper
pri-|>aratiniis to nii eland reiH'UliedireateiieduKaek. 'I'lierii
was a sninll wood or ralhiT copse iipdu tlie right, siiine-
wli.it ill ailvnni'e uf our \\:\v. of sentiies, wliieli wc iniiiie-
iti .lely pushed firward to iKCii|iy ; wliil-t the regiinciit
ill support liaslily passed (lie sireaiii, :'.m\ tmik up llie
frroMiid wlii'''; my pielicl h.iil nbandoiicil. At the sniiie
ti:ili' n eoii; li of siv |«iuiiilii's were pinnled under (lie
ri'liM' of a rising ground, w> ns to eiilllade any eoliiinn
which nii;,'lit appro.ieh the spot ulieie the wiirkinen were
slill hu y i and a eimpiiiiy of light inllintry, being thrown
ill extended order forward, lay down, for tho sake of
conceahiieiit, in the Imig grass. It is to l>o oliserved, thai
III.' einntry i;iiinedialply in our front chiinrcd to Im par.
tinjlurly r.k:n nwi ipcii. 'J'he forest, pnrlhig, na it \vere.
to the right and left, gave room to a bare district, dill of
hills and valleys and natural iiieiiualities, along which a
tbrmidablc force of Americans was now approaching,
witli the evident int.~n>Son of driving back our outposts,
and breaking doi .- vne bridges already in a state of for-
wardness.
Every man who has fiiccd danger by night as well as
by day, must be aware, how ditferent liis Sensations are
on each of these occasions. Having ample light to direct
us, and seeing clearly how and from what quarter we
were about to be assailed, our arrangements were made
and our posts assumed with perfect coolness ; and as the
storm had died wholly away, and a clear but frosty at-
mosphere succeeded, wo made ready in the highest
spirits to give the Americans a reception. They came
on, for a while, in compact and regular order, the head
of their column covered by clouds of skirmishers, who
pressed forward apparently in confusion, biiv with every
demonstration of courage, tiU, having reached the brow
of an eminence about lo: lusket shot from our position,
they halted, as if irresolute whatfiirther course to pursue.
From tlic height of the swell on which they stood, wc
were at no loss to conjecture that they had obtained a
perfect view of our dispositions; and their evident waver-
ing gave testimony that tliesc were not according to their
wishes. Nevcrthclcs.', it seemed as if some spirit more
daring tlian the rest at last gained the ascendancy; for
after a pause of several minutes, the skirmishers again
pressed on, and the column began to descend.
These movementa were no sooner ascertained tlian
our riflemen threw tliomselvcs each behind a tree or
knoll, and the light infantry, rising from tlieir places of
concealment, assumed an attitude of defiance. For half
a minute perhaps, or something more, all remained thus ;
tilj, tho enemy arriving within |x)int blank range, our
bugles sounded, and a dropjiing and desultory tiraillade
began. It was kept up with considerable warmth on
both sides, the enemy sometimes pressing forward, at
other times retiring ; but on our p.ort no change of grovmd
was eftected, for our sole object was to maintain ourselves
where we were, and keep the assailants in check. As
the column advanced, however, our Uglit infantry gra-
dually and reluctantly fell back, till at last they fairly
turned the copse, and wo riflemen were fain to withdraw,
in order to cscajie capture. But we had not thus long
held our post for no purpose. Of the enemy's skirmish-
ers several were seen to drop, and many more to steal away
like men disabled, whilst their column itself received one
well-directed volley, just as it gained the leftof tlic copse,
and was prepaiing to deploy.
In the meanwhile the battalion in rear had formed line,
and advanced so far as to render tlie escape of the skir-
mishers safe and speedy. Opening to the right and left,
that its front might be left clear, wc threw ourselves on
either flunk ; and the enemy deploying at the same mo-
ment, a close and desperate contest was anticipated.
But before a musket was Bred on either side, the
enemy began suddenly to waver, and all the exertions of
their officers failed in preserving order in the ranks. At
this moment, our guns, which had hitherto been kepi
with great judgment concealed, were run to the brow of
the hill, and opened with round and grape. They were
admirably served ; and the first discharge striking full
into the American line, the confusion, which had already
begun, liecaine complete. They turned and fled, not so
much as a skirmisher pausing to cover them ; and though
we pursued with all haste, firing from time to liino as an
iipportunity offered, they escaped with the loss of some
eight or ten men killed and wounded. This was (he
last eftort made to interrupt our oiwrations, or hinder nur
passage of the creek ; and the remainder of tlie day was
spent in cpiiel, as well ot the outposts, as in camp.
In the mean wliile, the working parties, so liir from
intermitting in their tasks, toiled on with increased dili-
L'cnre and in greater iiuiiilH-rH. Nut one bridge, hut
three, were by this nieiins completed, each capable of
bearing the heaviest ordniinee wliii.h wc liad brought
with us into the field ; iiiid iiii ailvanee, as the iinniediate
prelude dI' a general action, was talked of, as the occur-
reiiieof the morrow.
Being ri lieved I'roiii the danq-erniis and toilsome iliity
of (lutjiost, the Htli was spent liy nie, partly, in the re-
fresliineiit of a soiiiid sleep, iinil partly in rxaniiiiing the
nature of the position oceiipiril hy mir iinny. It was a
range of lii'ii;lils, which advam-e'l on the left till it became
priiiillel with the course of the; Hudson and gnuhially
shelved away towards the right, where it ended in n
valley. Short ns our sojourn here had lireii, (ieneral
Biirgiiyne ap|H'iired to have liestowed much labour on its
forlifie.ition; liir (hen- were breo-stworks here and there,
a redoubt in the centre, and a battery covered hy a ditch
to enfilade tlic whole. Besides tJiis, he had constructed
several forts, in which his stores of provision and other
necessaries were laid up, and the butteaux and vcsstit
were all moored under cover of our guns, close to the
extreme left of the line. To say the trutli, the ground
appeared to be chosen with some judgment, as well u
strengtlicned witli considerable skill, tliough it may admit
of a (jucstion whether both the judgment and skill ex.
hibited would not have been greater, had no pause, be.
yond that of a fow hours, liocn made here.
Nothing befell during the night, cither to tlie army al
large or to myself in particiUar, wortliy of being repeated.
The Americans, as if satisfied with tlie results of tlieit
former attempts, did not molest us; and my private
meditr ions received no interruption from any rencwod
applr ions on the part of Fraser, or our cliiet^ But on
the morrow affairs assumed a widely different aspect.
An hour before sunrise tlie whole army formed in three
columns of march, each fronting one of the bridges
which had been constructed for it ; and as soon as there
was light enough to distinguish objects at the distance ot'
a mile, the long expected and long wislicd for movement
began.
As this wa* certainly one of the most memorable stcju
taken during tho whole campaign, and may be said witli
perfect trutli to have decided our fate, it may not be
amiss, if 1 lay before you a minute and particular account
of it.
Haying already described the nature of the position
occupied by the British army previous to its advance, il
is not necessary tliat I should say more than has been
said on that subject. With resjicct to the enemy, again,
they had withdrawn from Saratoga several weeks belbre ,
and having established themselves at Stillwater, about
half way Ixitwcen the former place and -Mbany, it was
expected that they would there abide an encounter. Wo
were tlio more confirmed in this notion, as several de.
serters came in with intelligence, iliat General Gates
was busily eng-ged in tlic erection of works ; that he
had recalled Arnold from Fort Stanwix, whither on tlic
alarm of Colonel St. Leger's successes he had hastened;
and that all the militiamen who could bo prevailed on to
bear arms, were moved into the camp, and there enrolled
in battalions. It is hardly necessary to add, that the sit«
of our own caini), which we quitted on tlie IDth, was not
many leagues distant from thut of General Gates. We
calculated, indeed, on reaching the vicinity of the latter
an hour or two belbre sunset, provided no attempts were
made to harass or interrupt us by the way; and wo
looked forward to the 20th, as to the day which should
decide the fate of New England, as well as of tho brave
army which was now invading it.
With rcs|icct to the general bearings of tlic country
which divided one corps from the other, almost enough
has been stated to convey to yonr minds a tolerably m.
curate conception. For a mile or two beyond the stream,
little or no wood intervened : but tliero were several
valleys, hemmed in on each side by hills ; and one which,
from its peculiar roughness, ns well as the rugged na.
ture of its banks, deserves to be styled a ravine. Across
that, it wiw necessary for our troops to move; and as il
chanced to be pretty extensive, stretching on one side
almost to the river, whilst on the other it pushed into the
woods, a good deal of caution seemed necessary, in ordsr
to avoid being arrested there. I have snid that the army •
formed this morning in three distinct columns of mnreli:
tlie following is tlic order which tliese assumed, and the
routes which they followed.
On the left of the whole, were arranged tho brigade ot
General Reidesdel, with the entire park of nrtillery umlcr
the command of iMajor-generul rhili|w. 'J'his column
pursued the main road, which wound through tlio niea.
dows parallel with the Hudson, i.nd was covered in its
progress by a detachment of yagers, led on by a gulh,iit
Hessian called Reinbach. 'j'lic right column, again,
consisteil of BrigudiiT-generul Fraser's corps, sustained
by Colonel Breynian'n tJermans, which made a circnit
so ns to pass the ravine without plunging into it, and
allerwnrds to protect the advance of the centre or inniii
body. Its front niicl ll.inkH were covered by the mnrhr-
UK n, by llie Caiiailiiin eoinpnnies, and the Indians ; \\h.\
slruek (ilf towards tlie woods, ns most convenient tor
their particular stile of tightinir. Ilelwccn these ilr.
ladled corps iiioveil the main body, under the iminediilr
orders of General Iturgoyne. It was direelcil to udvaiief
straight In tlii' front ; to tiescend one side of tho glen . lul
mount the other, without imuking ; and lo form on t »
llirllier height, where it might wait in comparative snictj
till the detached cor|« should liavo made good their pus-
sage, and resumed their communications. Finally, one
regiment, the ITlli, was loft la liind, partly oa a reserve
_nd .
^ropeil
%onio 1
> Bciil
tend '
tnioven
\vhcn I
tioiis si
moved I
vie bcJ
termini
march f
liscove
Vm.
lurgoV
lis advl
e
SARATOGA.
f)?
s, he had constructed
it' provision and otiici
butteaux and vessels
our gnns, close to the
the trutti, the ground
judgment, as well aj
I, tliough it may admit
dgment and skill ct.
ur, had no pause, bo.
lie here.
either to tlie army at
rtliy of being repeated.
Ii tlic results of tliclr
us; ond my private
on from any rencwud
or our chief. But on
idely different aspect.
army formed in three
7 one of the bridges
; and as soon as there
jects at the distance of
vt'islicd for movement
moat memorable stc'iu
and ma^ be said with
;r fate, it may not be
and particular account
laturo of the position
rious to its advance, il
J more than has been
;t tu the enemy, agniu,
\ several weeks belbrr,
a at Stillwater, about
<x and Albany, it was
idc an encounter. We
notion, ok several de.
e, iliat General Gates
ion of works ; that he
tanwix, whither on tlic
esFCS he had hastened ;
ould bo prevailed on to
imp. and there enrolled
iry to add, that the site
id on tiiu I'Jth, was not
t General Gates. We
icinity of the latter
idcd no attempts were
by tlie way; and »c
the day which should
well as of the brave
arings of tlic country
other, almost enough
minds a tolerably uc-
wo beyond the stream,
tliero were sevcrdl
hills ; and one which,
as the rugged nu.
led a ravine. Acros.^
IS to move; and as il
etching on one side
her it pushed into the
id necessary, in ordtr
so id that tho army -
ct culunms of murih:
L'se assumed, and tliu
-angcd tho brigade nl
irk of artillery wider
lilipo. 'I'his column
id through the iiira.
was covered in its
, led on by a gnlh.iit
gilt column, agiiln,
.t's corps, sustained
Ihicli made a circuit
flinging into il, uiil
tho eciilrc or innin
ki'reil by the iiiarhr.
Id the IiidiunN ; w hi
Inost cnnvviiieiit lijr
lllctwccn tliCHC dr.
Iiidor the inimfdiilr
1 directed to ndvaiieo
Iside of tho glen . lul
Tind to form on I. "
i comparative safely
lade good their pan-
lions. Finally, our
jimrtly m a rti(r\o
knd partly to defend the battcaux and stores ; whilst
♦.roper si™«l8 were agreed upon, to give notice of the
terogress which each corps was making, should they be-
»onic unavoidably separated the one from the other.
' Bcinff mvscif attoched to the right column, I can
It
II
Being myself attached to the right column, i can pre-
tend to eivc no very exact or regular account of the
hiovements either of the left or centre ; for, the moment
%vhcn the word was given to advance, all took the direc
tions severally pointed out to them. For ourselves, we
moved on, following tlir bend of a semicircular hill, till
tve became lost in tho mazcj ot a forest apparently m
terminable; but we met wiUi no opiwsition during .
march of some hours, even our skirmishers failing to
iiscover an enemy, though most assiduous in looking lor
him We heard, indeed, soon after our separation Irom
flureoyne's column, a desultory fire of musketry, as if
is advance were engaged with an American picket, or
»ome ambuscade had been beaten up and dispersed ; but
«s the sound manifcsUy inclined every moment more
and more to the rear, it created no feeling of uneasiness
either among men or officers. On tho contrary, a thou-
■and rude jokes were bandied about, especially among
the younger men, and tliosn least accustomed to tlie na-
tare of American warfare ; and even some veterans
■crupled not to express their ardent desire tliat the
Yankics would hazard an action for once, on what they
were oleaacd to term a fair field. For my own part, the
recolliiclion of what Yankies had done at Bennington
taught me to think of them more respectfully than many
of nty neighbours ; and though, like them, I could not but
regard our opponents as more formidable in an inclosed
tliaii an open country, 1 was far from supposing that they
would prove tliemselves contemptible in either situation.
Nay more, I knew from a variety of circumstances, that
the Americans had of late acquired a degree of confi-
cliMicc, for which v,-e hordly gave them credit. Their at-
tacks upon my own picket, though not very judiciously
managed, displayed, nevertheless, no little spirit of enter-
- prise and daring ; and however anxious I might be to
Slings brought to tlic issue of a battle, I conless tliat I
• looked forward to that event with some apprehension,
Still, my confidence in the people around me was bound-
less ; and if I did not exactly join in the taunts and gibes
with which they thought fit during the present move-
i; incnt to amuse tliemselves, I at least pushed on as reso-
Jlutcly determined as any to do my duty, whenever I
S should he called upon to do it.
* Tho orders given to us at starting were, to gain the
;5 extremity of the ravine with as little delay us possible ;
f and then, declining to the left, to take possession of a
4 lofty eminence which overlooked the crest of the range
,| of hills which the centre and left columns were ascend-
a ing. A journey of two hours brought us to this point,
1 where, just as tlie woodlands began, the valley ended,
% and wo commenced our march in eehellon towards the
.*;! left, without liaving as yet been called upon to fire a
nuisket or deploy a company. This movement, however,
h.nl hardly been made, when the report of several cannon
giivfi intimation that more than o skirmish was impend-^
ing ; and wo pressed forwnrd in tlio firm expectation of
iK'iiig engaged as soon as we should clear tho thicket
and emerge into the open country. It can hardly be
said that oiir ex|)Cctation3 were without foundation. It is
true that wo were not inctantly moved up to oppose a
hostile line, nor yet brought at once under the range of
M tho enemy's artillery ; but the first spcctaelo which pre-
Im Bcnted ilKiilf was a heavy column of Anioricans in full
^marchtol'all upon our main body. The latter had, it
\ ap|)earc}d, passi-d tli(> ravine previous to our arrival at the
[ height which we were directed to occupy ; and the Ibrmer,
[ not ex|H'cting a second eoUimii to debouch from woods
I which they had regarded as iin|)ervioUM, were preparing
Ito assuult what tlicy considered the cxtremo right of the
(Briti-ih line.
As yi't little else than nn cxcluinge of cannon shots had
Ipasseii lietwcen tho hostile armies, when the lie.id ot'our
Icolunm slKiwiiiy; itseirupon llic hill, the eiirniy instantly
[hahi'd, 'lid llie tiring ceased. For a nioment, and only
fur a nuiiiiciit, all things remained quiet; but the .Vine.
{ rieaiis, suddenly facing iiboul, began to rouiiteriimreli
j nnd ill Ion t'lun a quarter of iiii hour were lost to our
I view. Tliey fell luii'.!, luiwiiver, iint like iiieii ImuI on a
I precipitate retreat, nnr yet witii the wavering Ktepwliieli
I usually cliaraetorines the manajuvies of geiieriils doub'
I fid wliiit cour.ni to pursue, but promptly, briskly, and i
nilmiralilo order, giving us the bcjt ground for supposing
that their plalis, insteiul of being deranged, weiu merely
I altered. Whoever ontertainod such ideas at the ninment,
I was certainty not mialaUcn in the ground on which ho
! formed tlieni ; fur in as sliort a time as tho stale of the
[cue would |irrmit, we reeoived evidence enough, tliat a
new arrangement of attack had been made, nnd was al-
ready in process of being pursued.
Our troops had all come up, and were in full posses,
sion of the hill, when there arose suddenly from the ex-
treme left a fircof musketry, which ccnlmued m volleys,
like the rolling of drums, tor several iniuules. How or
where this was going on, it was iinposfihlc torus to say ;
for though our imsition was a coniiiuinding one, not only
the natural inequalities of the ground, but a good deal ot
wood scottered here nnd there, hindered us from seeing
farther towards the left, than the post occupied by the
centre column. It npix.-ared, however, that even this at-
tack, fierce as it must have doubtless been, was not that
on which the enemy mainly depended for success. Be-
fore wc could well arrange our thoughts, far less re|ily
to tlie questions which each eagerly put to the other, a
fresh operation developed it-elf, and tlie main body be-
came warmly, and, as it struck us, very unequally en-
gaged, at a moment when such an event was least ex-
pected. A corps of sonic four or five thousand men, led
on as wc afterwards heard by Gcn'rul Arnold, suddenly
pushed against the left of Burgoyne's division ; and a
contest began as warm and as well contested ns it has
ever been my fortune to witness, either as an actor or
spectator. t. • • i
To oppose this tremendous assault, only three British
battalions, and these extremely weak, could be brought
So well had the enemy arranged matters, that tor
up. — — .,
nearly four hours our left could bring no assistance to the
centre, nor even one flank of the centre support the other ;
whilst we upon the right had received orders so decisive
on no account whatever to give up the high ground, that
Fraser, though as enterprising nn officer as any in the
service, felt himself perfectly paralysed. We were ac-
cordingly condemned to stand (lassivc spectators of an
alfair, in which nothing short of the most determined
courage, as well as a state of discipline the most com-
mendable, could have saved a whole brigndo from utter
annihilation. As I am speaking to men who have them-
selves served, nnd know how laudably jealous regiments
arc of their renown, it would be unjust in me to conceal
the numbers of the corps which on that day covered
themselves with glory. They were the 20th, the 21st,
and tho 62d, who, from three o'clock in the afternoon till
seven in the evening, remained unbroken under a fire
which left not one fourth of tlicir originally inadequate
numlMirs fit to do duty.
Whilst this was going on. General Fraser, whose im-
patience was sufBcicntly manifested by his look and ges-
tures, despatched aidc-dc-eainp after aide-de-camp to Ge-
neral Burgoyne, requesting permission to move from his
vantage ground, should it be only for a time. Whot be-
came of these messengers it is not for mc to surmise ;
but as I happened to be near the general during the
greater part of the day, \ can testify thot not one return-
ed, — a contingency which failed not to incrccse, to a de-
gree boyond all endurance, the anxiety under which tliiit
gallant fellow had previously laboured. At last, despair-
ing of receiving instructions, he determined to act tor
himself. Leaving a body of German grenadiers to de-
fend the hill, he gave the word for the rest of the brigade
to advance, and in two seconds wc were in full march,
upon the flank of the American column of attack.
It was a splendid spectacle to behold the cool and sol-
dier-like manner in which General Arnold disposed him-
self to keep in check this bold advance. Wheeling up a
couple of his rearmost battalions, he caused several hun-
dred rilleincn to extend across the o|>on country, and
then urged them tbrward to meet the Marksmen and Ca.
nailiaiis,.who covered the approach of Frascr's column.
.No great while elapsed ore we were engngcd. The ene-
my, however, knew their ground ; they were well drilled,
admirable shots, and by no means delieient in bravery ;
and hence, though bravely attacked by men not more
ignor.int t! .n themselves in tho art of Bklrmishing, thi'y
would not be driven in. Even the advance of Brey man's
eorps ill solid cciluiiin hardly succeeded in moving tlicm;
nnr is it easy to .'iay what result %iiglit have ensued, hud
net other aici Ih'oii at li;ind. But nt thi.s critical juncture
a fresh force came up from a quarter where we scarcely
expected it ; and the victory, which for so many lioiirs
had hung doiibtfiil, finally inclined to tlie side of the fiii
tish arms.
1 have said that tho enemy, on observing the arrival of
Fiaser's corps on the high ground at tho right of the ra-
vine^Buddenly sus|)ended the attack which they had at
first directed against our centre, and turned a heavy co-
liiiiin, supported by a couple of light gnns, towards our
let). This soon fidl in with General Ucidesdel's hrigad
with which it rxchnngcd several close and well-directed
vnlloyB ; but, oontonting himself with alarmin)^ lhe.«e
troops, the ofiicer in cenininnd cf the .^mericyis imme-
diately withdrew ngnin, and united himsiU' with the
eorps which General Arnold won preparing to lend «{;ain^t
the regiments above spcdfied.. Scmio light troops were,
however, left, if not suftieicnt to hold the wood, at all
events capable of embarrassing the inovenierts of a co-
lumn incumbered rather than assisted, in a eluse country,
by the presence of a numerous artilUry ; and these eoii-
frivcd, by dint of repeated dcmons-trations, to inipoye lor
some time upon (icnerul Reidiscld, so us to hinder him
from detaching any norlion of his loree to the ussistnucc
of Burgoyne. Gtiural Pliiliiis, however, who ncecnipa-
nicd Reidcsdcl, and took charge, in n peeuliur ninniier,
of the park, was not slow in seeing through the veil
which sufficed to blind the eyes of his brother otlicer.
As the sound of firing increased on his right, he became
more and more convinced, that to their column no serious
injury was intended; and he at length prevailed upon
General Reidesdel to sanction a movement with four
guns and a battalion towards the scene of action.
Driving in the American riflemen, GencrnI Philips
succeeded, by dint of extraordinary perseverance, in
making his way tlirough the wood. He arrived just as
the 20tb, al\er behaving with a degree of gnllnntry ul-
moet unprecedented, had begun to give way, nnd the ene-
my were pushing tbrward to occupy a point, from w.iieli
they might have enfiladed the other battalions, alrcn<ly
more than sufficiently pressed. Philips saw this, nnd
made haste to remedy the evil. He dashed forwnrd,
bringing wilh hhii only a few followers, rallied the
broken rre:imeiit, led it back in thi' most magnificent
style to the tlmrge, nnd then hurrying away to the right,
brought up \i\' guns to the edge of the wood, from which
they opened a tremendous fire of grnpe and canister upon
the enemy's flnnk. The etfect of those arrangemi iits
became minifcst in a nioment. Aller a brave hut inef-
fectual attempt to cairy tho cannon nt the point of the
bayonet, l/io .Anicrieuns were eoni|>elled to give way ;
and fresh troops joining the 20tli nlrendy ndvnneiiig to
the charge, the rout became comiilefe. Nor was the case
different on our side. The riflemen, iiereeiving that their
comrades were in full retreat, fell back with precipitation
on tlieir supiHirf, which in its return retired uixin the co-
lumn from which it lind been drawn, and that k-ing ex-
|x>sed to a sweeping fire from Philips's gnns, soon lost its
order and fled. Yet were our people loo nineli worn
down by past exertions, and too much enfeebled, many
of them, by wounds, not less thnn fatigue, to fake full
advontage of the panic. The closing in of night, like-
wise, was favourable to the Americans, who, to do them
justice, fought bravely nnd stcndily to the last. Their
flight, for such, at first, it certainly was, s|iecdily assuiiied
the aspect of nn orderly retreat ; und they quitted, rather
than fled from, a well-contested field.
CHAPTER IX.
Though successful at every point, nnd perfectly aware
that they were so, il can hardly be said that their pre-
sent victory produced any very remarkable efl'cct upon
the spirits ot the British troops. It was a new feature
in the war for the Americans to become the ussailanti,
and their armies to meet ours in the ogicn field, rivals
lor glory ; nor was there a man amongst us who ap-
peared not perfectly to feel that such a step would not
have been taken, were not their nunibeis iniich more
formidable than our most liberal cal<'ulnti(>ns led us to
expect. Again, though undeniably Ibilcd in all their eftorts,
the colonists had fought like men who possessed confidence
in themselves. There was no longer that deference for
discipline, which in the earlier campnigns distinguished
them ; loading them to regard themselves as totally in-
adequate to meet a regular force, c.\cept under cover of
an inclosed country, or in the rear of intrenclimenta.
On the contrary, tlieir militia, vying with the continen-
tal , had loft beliind them all the shelter which the wood-
binds might have I'urnished ; and inarching boldly up to
tlic teeth both of English and (•erman grenndiers, en-
gaged tliein niU7.7.1e to niuz7.1e, and oeeasiomiUy hand to'
hand. These fact.t tended to prove, that the moral su-
|ieriority wliieli wc had hitherto been necustonied to
evince, was no more, — and hence fh.it our future suc-
cesses must arise out of the superior skill of our leaders,
not less than from tho trained valour of our inferior offi-
cers and men.'
But il was not on these accounts alone, influential as
they doubtless were, that most of us felt disposed to re.
gnrd the late affair in the light rather of a inisadven.
lure than a victory. Our loss in killed and wounded
wa« tremendous. Upwords of five hundred men, in-
cluding some of tho most promising officers in the nriny.
..II-
f ■
58
SARATOGA.
ij^
" 1 4
■- !
i.
i-
'.4
};■ I-
y ■? ^
i: •!
!■
had fallen ; and that, too, to purchase nothing more than
a httic empty honour. Ainong tlie niunbcr of the
slain was poor Jones, tlic destined husband of Miss
Macrca. Tliough he never lield up his head from the
moment when his mistress's murder was commmiicated
to him, and dcelincd all inlcrcourBc even with the most
beloved of his former friends, Jones was too much of a
soldier, not to spea k of him in the light of a man of
honour, ever to neglect his duty because of the pressure
of (jrivato grief. Wherever his post might be, there he
was sure to be found ; and to the last he remained, in
licart and aSeetions, as warmly devoted as ever to tlie
cause which he had csjioused. It was, indeed, abim-
dantly evident, that to him life (assessed no fartlicr at-
tractions. Unless unavoidably hindered by other mat-
ters, he took part in every skirmish, exposing himself
with the greatest deliberation to the enemy's fire ; and
to-day ho met the fate which no man could doubt tliat
he had long cov( l<;d. He fell covered with wounds
when ilefending the guns of which he was in charge,
and was found lying beside two Americans, both of
whom, in all probability, perished by his hand.
As soon as the firing had totally ceased, and it was
ascertained that the enemy had withdrawn, orders were
issued for the concentration of our divisions on the field
ot bnitle ; and tlie whole army made ready to hivouaek
on tiie rrest of the hill which had been so long contest-
c^cL Whilst this was going on, parlies went abroad in
all directions, to collect such of tlic wounded as hud not
been removed during the fray ; and the return of these
with their melancholy burdens, presented a sjiectacle
upon which no man could look with indilfcrencc. As
they passed between the fires, which already blazed
through the line, it '.Vas piteous to behold the drooping
heads and iv^'.vcriess limbs of men who but a few hours
before had been our liveliest and most esteemed compan-
ions; whilst their slirieks and groans smote fearfully
iijion tlio ear, as often as some false step on the part of
their bearers caused their wounds to open afresh.
Among the Number of those thus conveyed to the rear,
there was one with whom in the course of service I had
bccoineint'imatrly acquainted. It so happened, that tlie
party in charge of him passed the very spot on which,
worn out with the cccrlions «f the day, I liad lain down
to sleep; and tlie sound of his voice, even in the utter-
ance of a coinpltiinti being reeogmsed, I immediately
fose to ascertain wliethcr imaginatiaa might not have
deceived rac. It had not The mutilated creature thus
borne past me, was tlie same with wlkoni I had s|>ent
many cheerful hours both by night and day ; and com-
passion for his suBl'Rings getting the tetter of personal
Janguor, I deicrnNiicd to deprive myself of rest, in order
that I might nurse and attcsd upon him.
It has been already stated, that when tlie present ex-
pedition was first determined upon, such were tlie no-
lions entertained relative to its facility of arcomplisli-
ment, that the wives of »CTe*al officers, some of tliem
incumbered l>j' their children, resolved to follow our for-
tunes. For a time these ladies travelled in rear of the
columosv bcinji; cnnreycd in covered calashes, and tole-
rably well aftendi'il toi a-od whenever the columns lialt-
<.cl, they joined Iheir husbands in .caiun, and becamr
in mates of tents. But as the season advanced, and the
diflficulties of the army began to iiii'ltiply, tliey lu-pt lie-
liind the encampment altogether, aud dwelt in huts con-
structed out of logs, somewhot after the fasliion of
block houses. By the pajisage of the HudHon tlicy were
compelled to abandon even their block-houses, and once
more share the fate of those most dear to them; and
now they ha«l taken refuge jn certain farm houses, scat-
tered ill the rear of our lijicss, fro;u wliicli they l)ocauie
spectators of the bloody contest of which I have just
grv'en an account
It was towards one of these houses that I followed
my wounded friend. On ent<!ring, 1 found every room
crowded with mangled wretches, whose cries might be
distinctly heard many paces from tlie door ; and in the
midst of these were sevcraJ iltlieate ft'inalcs, wliosi; Iiu-
• mane attentions to the poor fi'llows do words could ade-
(|uately dcKcrilie. There, sat the Baroness lleidesdcl,
administering from lier slender stock of wine a few-
drops to a dying soUlier, who could thank her only with
a glance from his dim eye and a faint inovement of his
head; and there! too was the lady of Major .Veklaiid,
whost! heroic l«haviour on nn after occasion, has olitnin-
iil for her an inmiorlahty of linnournblc fume. V\vn
the ehlldren, and there were three of l.acly neidesdrl's,
the eldest ol whom ecinid not i'X<'ecil .si.v years, appeared
to 1m' aware tliat they wire Ijirnwn into n situation of
no ordinary interest ; for they either sat in a corner per-
JcclJy fjuici, or moved after tlieir mother with nuiaelcss
tread, as if afraid to jar the nerves of the miserable
wounded by the slightest noise. I need not say to you
that on hospital, on the night after a battle, is at all
times a terrible sight ; but on no occasion have I visited
one witli feelings more harrowed, and yet more mixed,
tlian I experienced then.
My friend, who had received several wounds, by one
of which liis leg was dreadfiilly broken, was laid upon a
httle straw in one corner of an inner apartment. Though
extremely weak from loss of blood, lie still retained his
senses, suflicicntly at least to recognise my features as I
hung over him ; and he showed by the gUince of his
eye, as well by an involuntary nioveinent of his lip, that
he was grateful for the compassionate feeling which
brouglit me hither. Alas ! I could render but slight
service to him. I held the bandage, it is true, which
the surgeon wrapped round his body ; I laved his side
with water, and strove by my voice and gestures to in-
spire him with lioiie ; but I could do nothing cficctual
to relievo him, and it was very evident tliat he was
awaro of this. So conscious indeed was he tliat nothing
could save Inni, that not all the remonstrances of the
medical attendant and myself could prevail upon him to
keep quiet. He struggled hard to speak, — there was
something which he manifestly desired tn comiuuuicate,
— but what it was, or to whom it related, I know not.
?oor fellow ! the only words to which he succeeded in
giving utterance were — " My mnlJicr," pointing at the
same time to his watch: from wliieh I collected that he
wished that memento to be conveyed to her ; and he
died in somctliiiig less than half an hour from the mo-
ment when ho was brought to the hospital. You all
know, gentlemen, how perfectly a stale of continued
warfare blunts the feelings and dries up the sympathies.
It would never do were men to mourn " like those with-
out hope" over every comrade who falls in battle ; and
hence rarely is a tear seen to moisten the cheek of a
soldier after he has served his first campaign. But I
confess that I was this night weak enough to shed them
in abundance. I wept over my jwor friend till my very
eyes ached ; and I quitted his pallet with a weight upon
my heart, sucli as I do not recollect often to have rested
there.
Turning away from the discharge of this melancholy
duty, I was met by a party of six men, who bore the
body of some one in a blanket, and were seeking for a
place on which to lay him. 'i'liey directed their steps to
the corner where my unfortunato comrade lay, and
finding on examination that ho was dead, they instantly,
and v/ithout ceremony, removed him. I would have re-
monstrated against this precipitancy, had remonstrance
been of any avail; or rather, had 1 not felt that the
corpse could sutler nothing from exposure ; but a mo-
ment's reflection served to convince me, (hat the hu-
manity which would have dictated resistance to the
measure, was a mistaken one, and I acquiesced in it.
Not that I permitted even the lifeless body of one whom
I had loved, to be thrown out to the night air. It was
laid carefully under a tree till a hole could be dug fur it;
and then, by the light of torches, I committed it to the
grave. These were rapid proceedings, doubtless; but
in sucii a situation, where would have been the advan-
tage of delay ? So, satisfied that 1 had done right, I re-
turned, as fast as weariness would permit, to my watch
fire. Beside that, I cast myself down, and being sliel-
tered by my cloak from the dew, and keeping my feet
warm by tiiriiing them to the blaze, I soon fell fast
asleep, iti s^ite of the melancholy which continued to
oppress me.
It was stilt iMofoundly dark on the morning of the
30tli, when tlie word passed quietly from rank to rank,
called tiro mmi to their stations. The fires having been
neglected some time, had almost all burned low, uiid a
pretty sliarp frost having set in, we felt its influence
acuttHy in every joint. Kor my own part. I rose coM
and stiff, my «1oak rustling on my Blioulders like a gar.
ment of ico; and so benuml)cd were my feet and limbs,
that for some minutes after I quitted my lair, it was not
wiiliont positive exertion that I hindered myself from
sinking. liy dint of chafing and lieating them, how-
ever, I succeeded in gradually restoring the circulation
which the intense cold of tlm night hod JHtirnipted j
and tiieii, after seeing thai the iiioii were in order, and
the arms piled and at hand, I ran to and fro till some-
thing of my natural temperature returned.
I>ay dawned in due time, and a speclaelo was pre
seiilpll tons, ol' which no man, who has not looked upon
the site of a lately (ought biittle, can (()rm any eoncep
lion. As far as thu lyo could reach, the open fields
wera tliDWed with brukcn arm; hats, caps, |iuuclics,
bayonets, balls, und pieces of clothing ; whilst hero luy
a tumbril or ammunition wagon di.<mountod from its
axlotree, and there a gun, abandoned and upset, as if tu
hinder it from being removed. In every direction tlio
grass was trodden down; long and deep tracks of wheels
cut the meadow across and across ; and at frequent in-
tervals the very soil seemed scorehcd,as if quantities ol
gunpowder had been exploded upon it. Nor were other
and no less striking manifestations of yesterday's dranij
wanting. The dead lay around us in heaps ; Eiiglisli.
men and Americans, men and horses, mingled indis.
criminately together : and such had been the dcs|>cratiun
of the contest, that in some places the foot of one foe.
man touched the very head of another. But the nio.Ht
remarkable objects in this horriel panorama, were seve-
ral American marksmen, who hung Ufeless among the
branches of trees.* These pefsHUs, who btMl motHit«i4
for the purpose of securing a good aim, and had done
considerable execution, wounding among others an aide-
de-camp of General Phili(is whilst in the act of convers-
ing with Uurgoync, soon drew< towards themselves a
full share of our riflemen's atten(ioI^. As they furnished
admirable marks, and our men were not ignorant liuw
to strike them, very few escaped ; aad there they stij)
hung, having Been caught by the boughs, among whicli
they waved to and fro like the rocking cradles in use
among the Indians.
It was tJeneral Burgoyne's fijst btisinoss to order out
working parties, by whom the dead were collected tn.
gether, and buried, without distinction of nations, in
pits dug to receive them ; after which the troops were
directed to cat their morning meal preparatory to a freslt
movement. The latter occupation being completed, our
columns pushed forward, taking a direction rather more
to the leli ; and again halted, a little before noon, within
cannon shot of the enemy's lines. Now, then, for tli»
first time since the opening of the campaign, con l\m
hostile armies be said to have come in presence of one
another; and as our positions were somewhat slrikini^,
it may not be amiss if I endeaveaf to give you a tolera-
bly faithfnl description of them.
The Amerieans, who were now andcrstood to be com-
manded by General Gates, under whom were Arnold us
second, and Sebright as third in command, had strongly
intrenched themselves at a place called Stillwater, dis-
tant about twclre miles from the Mohawk, and doubk'
that space from Albany. Tfteir right, which rested upon
the main road, as that did upon the Hudson, was ren-
dered perfectly secure by the presence of a strong re-
doubt, which would have required a scries of regular
approaches to reduce it; whilst tlieir left, besides bein^r
covered by close woods, was protected by Bumereii.?
abatis, several breastworks, and a battery for heavy
cannon. Along the centre ran a line of field intrcncli-
men(s, fleches, breastworks, and ratlims, all of them fo '
placed as to be flanked by the fire from the redoubt, (it
exposed to a cross fire from each other; whilst o^er the
front of the whole was scattered just so much of thiukcl
as to screen the lines themselves from minute ins|M'c-
lion, at the same time that it furnished no adequate
shelter to an assailing force. Of the numbers of troo{i!i
encamped within these lines, it was not easy to form
any correct estimate. By some they were rated nl
twenty thousand, by others at little more than tea
thousand men; whilst the truth, as is usual in most
cases, probably lay between. But whatever (heir nnm-
bers might be, of one fact we had abundant evidence,
that not an hour passed by without bringing in to thiai
some reinforcement. The truth is, that nothing eonlii
exceed the spirit of determined resistance whicli seeniiil
to animate the Inhabitants of Now Kngland. So fur
from receiving us, as we had expected to bo reeeivril,
with open arms, they turned out to a man to op|io,se u»;
insomuch that (■'eiicral (iates lilnisolf was in (ho «ii<l
nl a loss how to disjiose of the multitudes of voluiilei r^
that flocked to his standard. It is very true that «
* Uaiiisny, in (ilv Ilictc ry iif llii' -Vim rirnii Kcvnliillnn snyt —
" Hcvrrnl of lln' Aninrirnns iilarcil ilii'inselvec In liiuli irci'H, iin''
as ottcii an they ciiiilil ((istiiisi.iiili nn oKirer's nnltnrni, Innk linn nfl
liy ((I'lincfalely niiniiig at IiIh iirrsnn. Few iirllniiH linvi' lieni i liii
lUciriiHi'd tiy iiHiri! iiliHiiniK y in Httack nr ((rl'i'iin.; ith' (triii-li u
lirati'dly irii'it t(ii-lr Iin>iiiii'i!', Inn wilhniil Itii'lr iistml i>iiir(''>N in Mi'
iiHi' ol' ilnii v\-(-a|inn. At leiiL'tli iiluht pnl nn enil in ilir (>l(ll^illll <'i
lilood. 'I'lie IJrltit.li l»i.t ii|n\nr(tsnt','UKI nii'ii, iiirlinliiifi llteii l^ili'tl.
wiMitidril, an,l iiriiinliiTti 't'tie Alncrklilts, iiii'llmive nl' Itle niit>
iii(!, Icin :il!l. 'I hirly ^i\ mit ol' liiiiy eiuhl llrllii.|i nintriiKKiK '»"'
ilinr.s (n n train nf iirtiMiry wlin nwUt In l(unlliiu) witk Itiljcii "i
wniinidMl. '('lie l>.>il llrili^'il ri.t[linrllt, wMlrh \\ uh Mm ^irnnti wtini
it Icl'l ('iiliailn, ^^ ;ii n-itiH'fi( li> tiiKly nieii, anil I'mir (T live i llin'i-
'I'lliM liiiri! rmiiilil l<:ittli>ili'i'li(i>ii nnliilne, anil litlli' ilri'llian liniioiii
\vii.« tiiiiiiPfl hv riiluT nrniy; htil nrviTtdrli'sn it wn-- I'oltnwrrl I"
irniiiirtani rnnrn'ruifiir..,. ; nl IIicM', mm wnn tlie idininiilinn ol ilir
r-ont and a!arriiy nt ihi Inilians in Ilia IliiUth aunv."— U-
Coun
Vade
the I
even
taen
in th
it lig
band
com 1 1
betw
bent
eitlie
groin
Slid t
r -r
Surge
Ihousi
rlsons
places
. wi're f
,ally di
came i
of the
,not,
-that, I
.(heir I
riors
"J Bcarcel
.:j(Provii
:#heir
SAUATOGA.
59
ling ; whilst licrc luy
diimountod from its
cd nnd upect, as it' tu
n cvciy direction tlio
dvcp track!) ofwIiccU
; and at frequent in-
icd,aB if quantities ot
n it. Ifer wore other
I of yesterday's drama
IS in heaps; English,
orses, niinjKlpd indis-
d been the dcsjicratiun
Bs the foot of one foe.
olher. But the most
panorania, were sovo-
ig lifeless a'niong the
ns, who bwl inoiHit«i<
od aim, and had done
anionK others an aidc-
>. in the aclof convors-
towards tlieniselvcs s
om. As they furnished
ere not ignorant liow
; aad there tlicy stll)
boughs, among which
■celling cradles in use
i business to order out
;ad were collected to-
inction of nations, in
irhich the troops wcro
I preparatory to a frcslj
n being completed, our
I direction rather more
ttle before noon, within
IS. Now, then, for tli»
the campaign, can lli»
imc in presence of one
re somewhat otrikinf,
a to give you a tolera-
miiicrstood to be com-
wliom wi-ro Arnold as
command, had strongly
c called Stillwater, dis-
^e Mohawk, and double
;ht, which rested upon
the Hudson, was ren-
^sencc of a strong re-
ed a scries of rcguliir
licir left, besides boiiiK
jlected by nuniennu
a bntlory for heavy
tine of field intrench.
r«(/«ns, all of them fo *
from the redoubt, tit
jlherj whilst over the
ust BO much of thicket
from minute ins|HC-
...nishcd no adequate
the numbers of troops
as not easy to form
they wcro rated at
itllo inoro than ten
as is usual in most
whalovor their num-
d aliundiint evidcnee,
bringing in to them
is, that nothing conW
ihtunco which seoninl
cw England. So liir
icted to bo reccivid,
o a man to op|iose u>;
isnlf was in the oi"l
iltitudes of voluntei r^
is very true that «
-iinii Ilcvniuiiiin snjF—
liiselvev in liiiili irei'n, :iii'l
Tt'R unll'orin, Innk iMin '*
Iw lirlinni* hlive Immmi ilm
1 ilclVure; llie llrlli^ll "
IllM'lr iisiiut 8lirei>H i" H"
I nil I'nil III the I'll'iii-li'ii "I
in, iniiiiiliiiB lliHi M\<*.
Im, iiirlnnive of llie iiii>'
lit Uriiiuli iiiiii'iiM'i" '»"'
li liiiiilliiii) wiri! killnl "<
Tllih wuhMKI t.|riiii)f «li™
mill I'liiir cr live i ll'mi-
Inil lllllrrli-ellmii In "
leli'nii it Kw- folliiwi'il I"
< till' itlniintiiiiin ol ilu
llikh siiiiy. " — Ki(.
"counlless i)roportion of these men knew nothing of pa-
IVade movomciils; they were undrillnd, unaccustomed to
'the duties of a soldier's life, and some of them destitute
kvon of weaiions ; but they were, with few exceptions,
•ineu of robust frames and brave heurU, and of their skill
in the use of lire-arms we had seen enough not to treat
it lightly. At the head of this bold though undisciplined
band, the American ijeneral took post at a point which
compleloly cut ulV ail communication by the great road
between Saratoga and Albany; and it became incuin-
boiit uimii us, if we hoped to reach the former place,
•ithor to drive him by force from his advantageous
around, or by dexterity of manoeuvre to turn him there,
And to render his position untenable.
T To execute one or other of these designs, General
Aurgoyno had under his orders little more than four
Jliousand men. What with losses in the field, the gar-
^tisons left behind at the difterent forts and landing-
"placos, and the escorts required to guard such stores as
.were from time to time forwarded, our army had gradu-
ally diminished, till now it certainly did not exceed, if it
'came up to, the number just specified. But the worst
of the matter was, that even this trifling force could
,not, in all its parts, bo depended upon. I have said,
Ihat, from the hour when our rapid advance ceased and
'their hopes of plunder received a blight, the Indian war-
riors began gradually to quit us. There remained now
scarcely one hundred Rod men in tlie camp ; and the
rrovincials and Canadians soon began to follow tlioir
example, deserting by whole sections every night. When
• we crossed the Hudson, we carried with us something
jiiioro than four hundred of these auxiliaries;— on the
.'morning of the J'.Uh, barely two hundred were with
• their colours; and before sunset on the 31st, scarcely
Ifitly men could be found in a fit state to do duty. Ajl
'Hhis was bad enough, — bad, as it caused a serious dinii-
'Siution to our actual strength, and doubly Imd, as it af-
•Sccted our morale, by diminishing the confidence of true
^len. Yet was the army in general far from despairing
;To( success. What alone it seemed to desire, was to be
.fled at once against the enemy; and perhaps it is not
•tgoing too far to affirm, that had that plan boon adopted
^n proiHsr time, it might have boon productive of sue-
'xess.
> By what principle General Burgoyno's proceedings
llr-wcre regulated, it is not for me to say. Unwilling to
^ retreat, yet not daring to advance, he adopted that mid-
dle course which in perilous circumstances never fails
tu prove a b.id one; and having pushed his columns
f within gun shot'of his enemy, bo unfortunately halted.
' This was done upon a piece of ground certainly very
> favourable, as far as any halting ground could bo pro-
nounced favourable in our circumstances; and the gene-
ral lost no time in adding to the natural stroiigtii of his
position, by throwing up such v/orks as time and his
means would allow. The main body ciicampedjn aline
-r. almost parallel to that of the Americans, u|>on a range
:it' of liills called BrnMnus's Heights, extending their loft so
it far as to command the road and protect the battoaux;
.; whilst on cartuiii low grounds or meadows which lay
' helween the river and tho hill, the 47tli British, the re-
y^iiiicnl of Hesse Hanaii, anj tho few Provincials who
Y still adhered to U'*, took post. As our right was dccid
I cilly the weakest (loiiit in the line, upon it tho greatest
Jic.ire was bestowed liy the engineers. Hero a redoubt,
t supported by breastworks and b.itterics, was erected, the
care of guarding which was entrusted to a Crerinan bri
-gndo ; whilkt along the centre, and towards tho loll, we
jcDnleiilcd ourselves with throwing up a long mud wall,
siilhcicntiv thick to shelter tlin men against musketry,
but hardly competent to resist tho violcnco even ot
grape. Finally, a chain of outposts was pushed forward,
nlmut a quarter of a mile in front of the whole, which,
Iwiniling round in a rearward direction, secured tho
[right Hank, and abundantly protected the linos from
Iniiig turned. I am sure that I s|ieak the sentiments ol
lie whole army, when I ufiiriu, that no man rejoiced in
ho apjiearanee of security which those inlrnuchments
created. We did not desire to act on tho dnlimsivo; we
wcro satisfied that to act thus was to throw away our
only chance of success; and hence the orcclion of works
pave us no satisfaction whatever, inasmucli as it por-
tended any thing rather than a bold and immediate
advance.
In the construction of these fortifications scvcril
Idiys were spent, during which fbw adventures befell
|wiirthy of rcjiclition. On the aist, indeed, a ruiiiDiir
Eol abroad, that a messenger from Sir Henry Clinton
Biad arrived, and that ho brought inlelligenro of the
piipp.irations which thai olHcer was making lo march
in force to our relief. On more minute enquiry. I found
that the rumour was well founded. '1 ho man had suc-
ceeded, by dint of caution, in passmg the American
lines, taking care to conceal himself m tho woods by
day, and to travel only by night; and he brought with
him a communication in cypher, indicating that tort
Montgomery, on the Hudson, would certainly be at-
tacked on tho 23d at latest. This was, indeed, a cheer-
ing piece of news, to which General Burgoyne failed
not to reply, sending back tho same person with a cor-
rect statement of his own plight, and strongly urging
tho necessity of an immediate diversion ; and at the
same time two officers were despatched with verbal
communications to tho same eftect, and an assurance
that he would certainly wait the issue, if he should find
it practicable so to do, till the laHi of October. These,
as well as many others, each of which took a separate
route, fell, one after another, into the hands of the
enemy ; but of that fact wo knew nothing at the time,
and therefore I am only anticipating the events of my
story.
;t
CHAPTER X.
It is not necessary to give any minute detail of the
manner in which our time was s|)ent from the 20th ot
SeptcmlKr, when first wc assumed our present position, up
to the 7Ui of October. Let it suffice to state, that whilst the
ordinary routine of duty went on, whilst pickets were
maintained, working parties sent forth, and parades duly
attended to, every day brought stronger and stronger
proof that our situation was far from being a desirable
one. In the first place, the weather, which had been
heretofore tolerably serene, broke ; and heavy rains, suc-
ceeded by sharp and cutting frosts, were our daily and
nightly jxirtion. In the next place, desertions became
every hour more and more numerous ; even the British
soldiers themselves being infected by the criminal incli-
nation, and in too many instances yielding to it. Then,
again, sickness was not wanting ; agues, and intermit-
tent fevers, began to make ravages in the ranks: whilst
the scanty stock of provisions which we had brought
across the Hudson melted daily away. To such a de-
gree, indeed, were the stores diminished, that on the 3d,
the general found it necessary to reduce the men's allow-
ance; and we were thcnccfortli compelled to subsist upon
two thirds, occasionally upon no more than one half, of
the customary ration. Even with this, however, our
misfortunes ended not. A thousand terrible rumors
came in to distress us; and unfortunately, these proved,
in very many instances, to be well founded.
The Ainericans,emboldened by our lengthened inactivi-
ty, suddenly began to turn the tables, and to assume the
otfcnsivc in a manner to us the most alarming. They
did not, indeed, sally from their lines to attack us in
front, but they did what was infinitely more galling ;
they harassed our convoys, and threatened our commu-
nications. Not a morsel of food, nor a barrel of jiowder
could now bo brought from the rear, except by dint of
hard lighting on the part of the escorts ; and of these
not a few wore cut off entirely, being waylaid and attack-
ed by a force ogainst which they could ofllcr no adequate
resistance. In the mean while, our very depots, them-
selves became exiiosed to insult, and our strongest forts
were threatened. Passing several large delaehinents
across the Hudson, they attacked, almost at the same
moment, the landing-place at I/ake (ieorgc. Mount Inde-
pendence, Fort Edward, and Fort Anne ; and so little
had these attacks been anticipiitod, that several of them
proved successful. By this means:', our depots, a large
quantity of boats, many horses, oxen, and carriages, with
some hundred men, fell into tho enemy's hands ; and we
saw ourselves comi>leteIy surrounded in a desert country,
through which a way could bo made, either to the front
or rear, only by the sword.
Notwithstanding these numerous reverses, and the
privations to whicTi they gave birth, both the general and
his troops continued to wait the issue of events with a
degree of patience altogether exemplary. The men per-
formed their ordinary duties, if not with alacrity, at all
events without complaining; and not a murmur was
heard except when the conversation liap(X!ncd lo turn on
the probable consequences of these indecisive measures.
Among the officers of rank, however, a great deal of
anxiety Ix-gan to show itself. They met together fre-
quently for the purposes of doliheratioii, some of them
making no secret of their dissntisfaetion ; but the same
unsteady course was pursued nrvertlieless, and the same
policy persevered in. At last it became apparent to .'ve-
ry one, that r.nniething decisive iiiil."it be alteniptod before
long. Our slixk of provisions, which had nsver been
very abundant, was now almost exhausted, and whence
to ri' I ive a supply, no one could tell ; whilst the latest
hour at which we promised to abide Sir Henry Clinton's
movements, was at hand. It was accordingly surmised,
that a retreat, or an advance, would be attemplcd imme-
diately, and every hour gave to tlie supposition an in-
creased degree of plausibility.
It might bo about noon on the 7th of October, when
the light troops, together with General Reidesdel's bri-
gade, and a part ol that of General Phili|)s, received or-
ders to form, and march to the right of the camp. The
force thus put in motion amounted to barely fifteen hun-
dred mt^n, so cruelly were our numbers diminished by
deaths and desertion; but upon what service it was about
lo be employed, none except the generals in chief seemed
to lie aware. 'I'liat Burgoyne would risk an assault witli
a corps so inadequate, could not for a moment be ima-
gined; yet the rest of the army was left within the lines,
strict injunctions having been given that they should not
quit their ground, unless expressly commanded to do so.
I am awurc that General Burgoyne in his public des-
patches has represented tliis niananivre as one of recon-
noissance merely. He was -Jcsirous, as he himself stales,
to ascertain wliether the enemy's left could be turned, at
the same time that he sufficiently guarded against any
attack upon his own position ; and it is but fair to believe
that the account of the matter which he lias given, is
correct. But whetli' r it bo so or not, of one thing I am
quite certain, that we had scarcely cleared our intrcnch-
ments, when we assumed a regular order of battle.
Whilst Philips and Iteidesdel, each at the head of a sepa-
rate column, threatened the centre and left of the Amer-
con lines, our brigade pushed off for the wood, with the
design of penetrating, should it In; found practicable,
into their rear, and alarming tliem fur their communica-
tions.
Wc liad proceeded some way, witlioiit meeting an ene-
my, or suffi'ring fartlicr inconvenience than the natural
inequalities of the ground presented, when our attention
was forcibly drawn to tlie fate of our comrades by a
heavy firing of muskets on the left. At first it was loose
and irregular, as if the advanced parties had fallen in
with the enemy's pickets, and were engaging them ; but
it became every moment more and more serious, till at
lost it incrca.scd into a roar. By and by the same sounds
were distinctly heard issuing from other quarters of the
field, accompanied by repeated and quick discharge of ar-
tillery, till at last not a doubt could be harboured that
the whole army was sharply engaged, not as assailants,
but as defenders. Our commanding officer instantly
called o halt. To have co: tinned his progress at a mo-
ment when the lines were threatened, woiJd have been
to expose himself to destruction, witliout causing any ad.
vantage to other divisions ; so he determined to take
ground to the left, — that he might at least ascertain how
aft'airs were going, before he completely and irrctricva-
bly committed himself and his party.
A rapid march of half an hour's continuance brought
lis to a point, from which we could obtain a correct view
of the condition in which aft'airs stood. At the extreme
letV of our works was a battalion of grenadiers, at tho
head of which was JIajor Ackluiid, upon which a fierce
attack was made by a strong body of Continentals. By
and by, a second corps of Americans threw itself against
the Germans, who counnunicated between the grenadiers
and the left of the line ; wliilst almost at the samo time
the line itself was not only assailed in front, but tlireat.
encd by a moving column on its Bank. To check the
progress of that column, tlie marksmen, with tlic light
infantry that accompanied them, moved forward, and tho
24tli regiment coining up soon after, a fierce contest be-
gan. Of the changes of ground which now took place,
it were vain to attempt any accurate or minute account.
All that I recollect of the matter is, that after sustaining
a tremendous struggle, the left of our regular line gave
way,andthe light infantry were inconsequence command-
ed to retreat, and to form again in a certain half cleared
field en pottnce. Here wc were furiously assailed by
Morgan's riflemen, one of the most distinguished regi-
ments in the American service : but we held our ground
stoutly, till General Eraser himself rode up, and again
directed us to retire.
The truth is, that the enemy hail by this time suc-
ceeded in overpowering Irath the right and centre of our
columns; which falling back in disorder, left an oiien
space to the Americons by which to enter the intrenclicd
camp. Gonernl Eraser no sooner beheld how matters
were going, than quitting his own charge, he gallo|ied olT
towards us, nnd joining us to the 24th regiment, which
still retained its ranks, he led us briskly towards the
point which was hlready all but won by tlie Americans.
60
SARATOfM.
I- ;»
M
m
; I
■s
Wc succeeded in getting there before them, and drove
them baelt from tlie very base of the parapet at the bay-
onet's point ; but it was at tlie expense of one of the most
valuable lives in thi* army, if not in the serviee at large.
General Frascr had just enjoyed the satisfaction of see-
ing his skilful movement crowned with success, when a
niuskct ball pierced his side, and he fell mortally wound-
ed into the arms of one of the men. He was instantly
carried to the rear, leaving it as his last request, that we
would on no account abandon the works, but defend
them whilst a man remained alive, or a single cartridge
continued in our pouches.
Nothing disin;iyed though universally grieved at the
fall of this gallant officer, onr people continued to main-
tain themselves with so much obstinacy, that the enemy
were at last fain to desist, and withdrew to the disUmee
of about half a mile from our front. Unhappily, how-
ever, the same obstinate determination not to l)C forced,
wes not shown at every point in the line. A corps of
Brunswickers, at the head of which was Colonel Brey-
man, being attacked in their intrenchnicnts, gave way
almost at the first fne ; and though covered not only by a
breastwork, but by a row of stout palisades, they aban-
doned both, and Hed in extreme conl'usion. The Amer-
icans were not slow in taking advantage of the panic.
Desisting from farther efforts against the grenadiers, as
well as against ourselves, tliey poured in great force
through the opening thus made ; and the wings of our
army were in consequence cut off from all communica-
tion one with another. Several attempts were indeed
made to recover the lost ground. Colonel Brcyman,
rallying his Brunswickers, did his best to cheer them for-
ward, and led them so far as to receive a well directed
volley from the Americans; but that volley taking effect
upon liimscU', as well as upon almost all the bravest oi'
his officers, the regiment ag.iin broke, and no etforts o:'
other leaders succeeded in restoring order.
It was, perhaps, a fortunate matter for us, at a juncture
so critical as the present, that the increasing darkness
compelled the enemy to refrain from following up their
advantages. S.i complete was the confusion into which
most of our regiments were thrown, tliat the consequen-
ces of another attack might have been fatal; for besides
that we had lost many of our best men and officers, the
survivors were universally ignorant not only of the late
of their comrades, but, I had almost said, of their own.
That the Americans had carried our works, soon lK?came
generally understood ; and as no one could tell where
they had pcnetr.atcd, or how fiir they had proceeded, no
one rightly knew wliether to regard hi:nsclf in the light
of a prisoner, or the reverse. Besides, the regiments
were all broken and dispersed. Men were separated
from their own officers, officers were separated from their
own men ; and whether those whom he could not disco-
ver in what he believed to be his proper place, were dead
or alive, it was im|)ossiblc for any individual to tell.
When the firing ceased, wc accordingly lay down, each
man where he stood, without respect to persons; and of
the fate which might await them when the morrow's sun
arose, all were as ignorant, as many were perfectly indif.
fcreut.
Such was onr condition (I speak at present of the lit-
tle corps to which I was personally attached), when a
messenger arrived from General Burgoync, directing
that we should change onr position, by a route which he
was commissioned to |)oint out. Our people stood in-
stantly to their arms, and preserving a silence the most
profound, passed rapidly, but in tolerable order, to the
rear. By and by, wc reached the stream, on the banks
of which I had a few weeks ago sustained a skirmish;
and crossing it by the bridge, wc soon found that the
army was in full retreat. But the retreat was not of
long continuance. Having attained the height on \vhicli
our camp formerly stood, wc ascertained that there oil
the rest of the brigade had assembled : and piling our
arms, wc made ready to pass the night, in a frame of
mind by no means such .as need tic envied.
Having nothing eatable in my havrcsack, nor any
thing except water with which to quench my lliirst, 1
liad thrown myself down by the side of a fire, with the
design of forgetting nt once present troubles and future
cares in sleep; when my kinsman young Fraser, whom,
since the Americans last withdrew, I had .lot seen, sud-
denly stood beside me. " You must rise," said he; " this
is no time for rejiasc, and tlie general has need of you."
I rose instantly, and prepared to accompany liim. Wc
walked on without exchanging a syllabic, till wo arrived
at the identical house, where, after tlicoction of the 19tli,
my poor friend expired ; and on entering, I found that
the scene which it presented on the present occasion, was
not very different from that which it had presented then.
.Multitudes of wounded and dyhig men crowded every
apartment, through the midst of whom we made our
way, till we gained a low door at the extremity of a
long passage, where wc halted. The door was ajar, and
Kiascr pulling me softly by the sleeve, made a motion that
I should look in. I did so, and beheld standing in the
centre of a small room a group of persons whom I in-
stantly recognised as Generals Burgoync, Reidesdi'l,
Philips, and Hamilton. A map was lying licsidc them
im a table, which they appeared to examine with great
anxiety ; though no one s|)okc a word for several inin-
utes. Fraser again made a signal to keep quiet; it was
obeyed, and by and by the following deeply interesting
conversation began.
" Then you persist in believing that he may yet arrive
in time?" observed General Philips, resuming, as it
seemed, some topic which had been already discussed.
"Unquestionably," replied Burgoync; "I cannot and
will not believe, that Clinton is capable of violating his
promise. He knows that our very existence depends
u[)on the vigour of his movenieiits ; and rely ujion it,
that he will not be slow to succour us. We have
nothing left tor it but to maintain ourselves where we
are a lew days loncer, and trust to his exertions for tlie
rest." .
General Philips, though evidently chagrined, only
shrugged up his shoulders, and was silent; but the
Baron Rcidesdcl, tikiiig up the discourse, exclaimed in
broken English: "By Gar, General Burgoync, if you go
on thus, waiting and waiting, and doing noting, we shall
all bo cut to pieces, and den no man will be able to save
us. What for not go on, or go oft" at once ?"
" (jcntlemcn, gentlemen," answered Burgoync, in
manifest agit-tion, "it is all very well for you, on whose
heads no responsibility rests, to talk of acting with deci-
siiin, and doing this or that on the spur of the moment.
In God's name, how are wc to retreat? in God's name,
how can wo advance? Is not Gates liefore us witli
twelve thousand men, flushed with this day's success,
and receiving hourly reinforcements ? Are not the forts
in our rear taken, the opposite bank of the river guard-
ed, our bridffc no longer secure, and our provisions ex-
pended ? Will any of you tell mo that this army, worn
out with past exertions, and dispirited from defeat, is ca-
pabic of acting on the offensive ? Is it conceivable that,
were we to commence a retrogression this moment, we
should ever reach Canada ? It is absolute madness to
think of moving at all. Upon this ground must we con-
quer or die ; at least wc must maintain ourselves here,
till Clinton come to deliver us."
TIic above was spoken with so much vehemence, that
the rest of the generals saw the inutility of attempting a
reply. They only looked at one another in silence ;
till at last, Hamilton renewed tlie conversation by ask-
ing, how it was proposed to make Sir Henry acquainted
with the extreme peril of our situation. " You have
despatched messenger after messenger," continued he,
" not one of whom, as far as we know, has ever reached
his destination. Is it wise, or proper, to follow up a
system, which, without bringing benefit on the army
at large, causes the destruction of so many individuals ?"
" There is one resource left," replied Burgoyne, " to
which, though I use it with reluctance, it has become
necessary to have recourse. I do not think it will fail
me ; and if my expectations prove well grounded, then
are we safe."
" Name it !" exclaimed the generals in a breath.
" There, gentlemen, you must excuse me," replied
Burgoyne. " In this instance, so much must depend
U)H)n the prudence of the ogent, that it were unfair
towards him to create additional difficulties, by extend-
ing my confidence to any besides himself."
" Then why are we here ?" asked Philips, angrily.
" It is a mere mockery of a council of war, first of all
to consult US, and then neither to adopt our sentiments,
nor offiT reasons for their rejection. For my own part,
wash my hands of all consc<iucnces, be they what they
m.iy !"
" I called you together, sir," observed Burgoyne, " witli
no view whatever of seeking to share with you the re-
sponsibility which I alone must bear. Neither have I
solicited your advice in any thing. I simply, wished to
make you aequainled with my own resolutions, and the
causes which led to them. I consider it belter, on every
account, 1 1 aliidc (ho chances a few days longer, than to
rush leadlong upon certain destruction; for let me
remind you :'jat a great deal more depends upon us
than a ii:cre regard lo o'^r own preservation. From the
first, ours has been a. force hazarded ; circumstances
may occur to render its sacrifice essential. Are we not
n subsidiary corps, and nothing else, — an army of diver-
sion merely? Suppose, then, we did retire at once, and,
though the matter is by no means probable, succeeded
in reaching Connda, might not the saftty of New York
be compromised ? No, no. Whilst the faintest hope of
successful resistance continues, we must not permit
(Jates to dctich a single man to reinforce Washington ;
— therefore 1 say again, that nothing remains for us ex-
erpt to abide where we are, till the effects of a plan, of
the miscarriage of which I entertain little dread, be as.
certained."
Whether the tone in which this was uttered, satisfied
them that remonstrance was useless, or whether they
were disgusted by the manner in which their advices
had been received, I do not know ; but Burgoyne iio
sooner ceased to speak, tlian his council withdrew.
They retired through a door opposite to that behind
which we were standing; and they had no sooner done
so, than wc entered. The general started, but recognis.
ing us instantly, held out his liand to my conductor, and
exclaimed, " All, Fraser, how I rejoice to see you ! You
at least can feel for my situation; and what a situation
it is ! Without a hope of victory, with hardly a chance of
escape, how am I to act, or where am I to turn ? If I
request advice or assistance from them, they cast in my
teeth that my own indecision has brought about all these
misfortunes ; yet not one among them had the candour
to speak out, when my proocedings were, what they arc
now pleased to term, dilatory, and my councils waver-
ing. And even now, God alone can tell whether I act
rightly. Perhaps I ought to rcgord the matter as hope-
less, and retreat at once, whilst yet there is a chance of
finding the bridge entire, and tht opposite bank unoccu.
pied."
" I am afraid, sir," replied Fraser, " that you have nl.
ready gone too far to recede. To-night, no movement
either to the front or rear could be made, without sacri.
ficing your wounded, and abandoning all your stores;
and to-morrow, if the enemy be the men that I take
them for, we shall have other work upon our hands.
Permit mo to add likewis-e, that this is no time for indc.
eision. You have just declared to tiie generals your de-
termination of abiding the result where you arc ; you
must not supply tlicm with on additional hondle against
you, by revoking that determination, at least immediate-
ly."
" Then you overheard our deliberations ?" asked the
general.
" In part I did,' replied Fraser, " though only in
part"
" I am glad of it," exclaimed Burgoyne ; " for you, ol
least, will do me justice, let the result be what it may.
You can testify how cruelly I have been thwarted, how
barbarously browbeaten, at a moment when above all
others unity of councils was required. Oh, Fruser, it'
you volue your own peacg of mind, never listen to the
whispers of ambition. No man con tell the miseries of
command, till he has experienced them, — no man."
" But your plan, sir," said Frascr, interrupting him,
and anxious, as far as might be, to conceal his agitation
from mc : " it is high time to think of that; and here is
your messenger, ready and willing to execute your or-
ders, or perish in the attempt."
" True, true," said the general, " I had forgotten that.
If it succeed, we may yet escape the toils ; — but that if,
Fraser!"
" It must succeed," exclaimed Frascr, " it cannot foil nf
success, provided only it bo acted upon immediately.
But there ought to bn no farther wavering — let the
young man receive his instructions, and set forth on tlic
instant."
The general paused, as if to consider this pro|)osal,
the varying expression of his countenance bearing tcsti.
mony lo the wavering nature ofliis thoughts. "The
plan must bo followed up," said he at length, " but not
with unnecessary precipitation. Mr. Macdirk inusl
pa.ss over under the eyes of lioth armies, and that can lie
done only in the iliiy. It were madness, moreover, tn
set out upon so critic.il an adventure tiU the position ol
the enemy's posts has liccn ascertained ; and the dcltiy ol'
one day more can do no great harm. Besides, the Anir.
ricans may think tit to offer ns iKiltle again to-morrow,
and success on our p its would remW-r tltc stop altoge-
ther unnecessary. Not a word, Fnse ■•," continued he,
observing that my lel.itive was preparing to remonstrate;
" my mind is fully made up ; ho shall not set out to.
night And now, gcnt'emen, to u-pjicr. Whatever iiir
stoc'c affords shall lie Lid licforc you ; for myself, I miut
go forth and sec how matters proceed in the comp."
The general waited not for a reply, but immediately
witlidrcw.
" There gees as good and as brave, and withal as am.
bitiou
"mtmy
the
EDSSe!
c is
tespoi
imd h
kcaru
enoug
•ndh
•ion ti
Bulk
man ti
•onicti
consul
as he
the iiit
and boi
SARATOGA.
61
id retire at once, and,
9 probable, succeeded
saftty of New York
It the fuintcst hope of
ve must not pennit
linforce Washington ;
ig remains for us c.i.
3 effects of a plan, of
in little dread, be as.
was uttered, satisfied
BBS, or whether they
which their advices
v; but Burgoyne no
8 council withdrew,
msite to that behind
f had no sooner done
started, but recognis.
to my conductor, and
lice to sec you ! You
and what a situation
ritli hardly a chance of
I am I to turn ? If I
them, they cast in my
irought about all these
hem had the candour
;s were, what they arc
id my councils waver,
can tell whether I act
•d the matter as hope.
et there is a chance of
opposite bank unoccu-
er, " that you have nl-
o-n4ght, no movement
e made, without sacri.
ining all your stores;
the men tliat I tike
^ork upon our lionds.
lis is no time for inde-
) the generals your do.
t where you arc ; you
litional handle against
on, at least immediate-
rations ?" asked the
er, "though only in
urgoync ; " for you, at
suit bo what it may.
been thwarted, how
mcnt when above all
red. Oh, Froser, if
never listen to the
tell the miseries of
hem, — no man."
sor, interrupting him,
conceal his agitation
of that ; and here is
to execute your or.
I had forgotten that.
ho toils J — but that i/,
d
scr, " it caimot fail it'
upon immediately.
wavering — let the
and set Ibrth ou the
nsider this proimsal,
nance bearing tcsti-
is thoughts. "Tlio
at length, " but not
, Ir. Macdirk must
uies, and that can k
adncss, moreover, to
c till the position cl
icd : and tlio delay of
Jlctiidcs, the Ame.
. again to-morrow,
iih-r tlic stop altofrc.
isc"," continued he,
inf to rcmonstmte;
hall not pet out tn-
(iCi-. Wliatrvcr uiY
; tor myself, I niunt
il in the camp."
|ly, but immediately
and withal as am,
Wr
le
bitiouk a man," exclaimed Fraser, '• ns any ni the British
'■wmy ; yet no more tit to hold a separate command than
ihe meanest sentinel who serves under him. That he
Eosscsacs talent of a high order, all tlio world knows : —
D is eloquent, humane, and as u second unrivalled ; but
responsibility is a load under which he cannot bear up,
iuid hence all his natural abilitius go for nothing. What
a career ol' glory was before hiiii, had lie possessed nerve
enough to follow it iili ! and now God grant that both he
•nd his army become not in the end, objeeU of compas-
iion to their friends, and of triumph to their enemies !
jBut let us adjourn to my tei.t. 1 know tliat the poor
man faros as hardly as any soldier in the line ; there is
iomethiiig left behind, 1 believe, in my canteen— let us
•onsumc that, and siiaro his scanty stock." He turned,
'as he B|)oke, towards the door, and I followed him with
the intention of being his guest for tlie night, botli at bed
and board.
CHAPTER XI.
We had arrived at the entrance hall, and were pre-
paring to quit the house, when the sound of female voices,
one in evident distress, arrested our attention. We
paused, irresolute whether to enter the chamber from
which the wccjiiiig proceeded, or to pass on at once to
Froscr's quarters, wlicn the door was suddenly opened,
*nnd the Baroness Keidosdcl presented herself. She in-
Btantly recognised Fraser, and begged him, " for G'. I's
4«ake, to come in; — for I am in a sad plight," contiw .ed
-•'■he. " Here is poor General Fraser dying in one corner
" of my room, and Lady Harriet Ackland frantic for the
loss of licr husband iu another ; besides a number of un-
'ibrtunato gentlemen, all more or less severely wounded,
'thrown in a great measure upon my attentions." Tlier.
_ jwas no resisting this appeal ; so we Ibllowcd our conduc-
Stress, to Iweomc witnesses of a scene, the recollection of
|»fhich is not likely ever to pass from my memory.
, In a small chamber, the earthen floor of which was
■but scantily covered with straw, lay seven officers, two
of whom, the German Colonel Breyman and our own gal-
lant brigadier, wore already in the agonies of death. The
colonel, whoso wound was in the head, appeared to suffer
no pain ; a heavy breathing alone, with an occasional
. quiver of the lip, giving testimony that li(c had not de-
parted ; the general groaned audibly, like one in acute
torture ; and spoke from time to time with the strong
voice of a man whose sufferings promised to endure muny
hours, thougli death must in the end remove them. He
had received a musket ball in the side, which passed
completely through the body, rupturing the stomach in
its progress ; and he now lingered on, a martyr to pangs
as violent as such a wound was calculated to produce.*
Nearly opposite to him sat, or rather reclined. Lady
Harriet Ackland, on one end of a couch, her face buried
, in her handkerchief, and sobbing audibly ; whilst the
^ Baroness Reidesdcl's children were lying, like seraphs in
[the midst of carnage, sound asleep u|)on the other.
I Major Ackland, it appeared, had been wounded in the
I late action, as common rumour reported, mortally : at all
' events he had fallen into the hands of the America ns, and
Was now a prisoner. It would be hard to de ttiC
. which of these persons appeared to me most den •\i' vf
i- compassion. The wounded men were, doubtless, suifcr-
": ing, many of them, all that the body can endure of tor-
• turc; but Lady Harriet's was an agony of mind, in com-
parison of which the most acute bodily pain were trifling.
" I must go to him," cried she ; " when- ■ r he is, and
whatever his fate may be, I must share 't. The Ameri-
cans cannot bo so inhuman as to rcfi .c .lermission to a
|misorabIe wife, to attend the bed of uer dying husband,
|Oh, God, that I could but see him ! — one word, one look
of his, would be to me a consolation the most unsjicaka-
ble."
" AlKiut three o'clock in ilicnftcrno:)n, inetend ofgnests whom
I had ex])ectei1 to dine with me, i saw one nt' them, pnnr Ceneriil
Prawr, ti'oupht iipnn a hnnil-hnrrow, inorinly woiiiidrd. 'I'he
Itabla, which was nlreaily prepared tor dinner, wan iiiimeil'iati:!}'
irenmved; and a bed pluced inntend for ilie ijenernl I snt liriifled
land rreinbling In a citrner. The noise grew more ninrininir, and I
Iwai in n continual agony nnd tremor, nhilit thinkine that inv hus-
Ibitnd miiiht (tonn also be brought fn, wnnnded like (lenerul f-^raat r.
iTtaat pnor general said to ilic surfioiin, ■ tell me the trntli : is there
Inn hope 1* His wound wan exncriy like thntnt' Mnjor Hnninfie;
Ithe bsll had pHssed through his boilv, but unhappily I'tir the general,
Ihe had that morning eati n a full brenkfnst, by which the ainmnch
Iwai ilistrnded. nnd the ball, as the surgeon reinniked, ptisj^ed di-
|r,'ctly thinngh it. I heard orten nniUlst his groans, such words n^
llh>'w% *0 bad ambition! po'ir Geiier-il Burgoyne I |ionr Mistres!.
iFriicr:' I'rnyers witc read, uflar which h« d.'Bired that Geni'rnI
lllurnnyne ehutild be requested to have hlin buried on the next tUv.
lat six o'clock in the evening, iin h hill where a bienstwork liiiil
7b«en cunstrnctcd. I knew not wlinl In do; the entrnnee nnd ill
ilhsr<tntns wern full of sick, in cnniequenee of the dysentery which
pre vtlled In the <!amp."— jVewoirii »/ Madam! ite HriittM, ;>. 1(19.
It was ill vain that tlie baroness used every soothing
and consolatory expression which a compassionate heart
could dictotc, appealing to us, as to persons well_ ac-
quainted witli the truth, to confirm her ussuranccs of the
major's safety. Like Rachel weeping for her children.
Lady Harriet refused to be comforted ; and though we
were not scrupulous in passing tlie rigid tine of trutli in u
cause BO holy, even our oaseverations were thrown away
upon Iter. Every moment during which she was absent
from her wounded husband seemed un age ; and at last
it was agreed ujion amongst us, that to olfer further op-
position would be useless. Though extremely delicate
at the best, and at piesent far advanced in a state of'
pregnancy, she determined to brave all the hazards of
tlie night, and the enemy ; and, throwing a loose clonk
aliout her shoulders, to make her way, as she best could,
witliin the American lines. One consideration, and one
only, induced her to [miusc for a few moments. It was
suggested that a letter of recommendation from General
Burgoyne to General Gates would at least secure for litr
civil treatment at the outposts ; and as Fraser volunteered
to procure that letter, she consented to remain where she
was till he should return.
Whilst the unhappy lady sat in a state of comparative
calmness, the attention of all present was painfully turned
to General Fraser, v ''.o retained even to the last moment
the feeling of the soldier and the gentleman. Though
racked with bodily p' ti, he looked up from time to time
oiilv to express his sorrow that he should thus intrude
uixJn the Baro:i?ss, and his sense of her extreme kind-
ness: and then his thoughts seemed to wander to other
scenes, and tl'i- name of his wife rose, as it were, invo-
lunr -r.ly to h, lips. "Oh, fatal air.bition!" cried he,"of
how much I'uppiness host thou roo' ed me! Alas! my
|)oor wife, vlio will c ibrt her vhcn she hears of
this ? — and my childrer. (iod, bo thou their guardian !
To tliee, and to my cou . I commend them." Then
suddenly changing ,i heme, he excLiimed: "Poor
Burgoyne! tell him t rit 1 felt lor lii"? even in my dying
momeiit.s • -nd ^ay, tiiat I made it r Vast request to lie
buried u ,.x <■ < lock in the evenin/r, ■ 'ic redoubt H-hicli
crown- lie hill in our right. It is a foolish wisli ; bnl 1
fancy . t I slum sleep soundl) there, bceauso ni}- liravu
fellow.-^ built it, and will, I am sure, maintuin il. ' '. i'
this was spoken calmly, resolutely, and in the tone ot .nc
aware of liis situation , and if there occasionally broke
from him lome hasty expression, no one could doubt tlint
reason enleeblcd by bodily pain gave birth to it. Poor
fellow ! he lingered on till eight o'clock in the morning,
and then tell asleep.
In the \ein while, Fraser had not been neglectful of
the charge assigned to him, nor Burgoyne backward in
furnishing the letter of recommendation to the American
general. The former returned in as short a space as
could liave been expected, with the document in ques-
tion ; but the lady's grief again assumed the most dis-
tressing appearance, when he assured her that to pass
the line of advanced sentries this night was impracticable.
The safety of the whole army required, that for the
present no intelligence of its change of groimd should
roach the .Vmcricans ; and hence the most positive orders
had been issued, that no one, on any pretence whatever,
should quit the camp. As there was manifest reason in
this, even Lady Harriet, as soon as the first burst of dis-
appointment passed by, could not refuse to see it ; and
slie strove from that moment not only to moderate her
own grid', but to assist in alleviating the sorrows of her
mutilated acquaintances.*
* "Lady Harriet Ackhind," lays General Burgoyne, "had ec-
coinpanie,! iier husband to t.'anada, in tlie beginning of the year
1771). In tile cnurse f,f tli:it cnnipaign she h,id travelled a vn.-^!
space of eoiiniry, in different extremitii's of season, and with diin-
c lilies thai an Kuropean tr.ivellerwili nolea>llyeoiireivp, toallenri,
tn a |sior hut at < liaiiiblee, iiiKin his sirk bed." Alter deMrihin!*
an accident bv lire, by which I.ndy .\eklnnd s tent was destroyed,
nnil every tbiiig tliey had with them consumed, Uic Geneial | ru.
eeeds: —
" Tills accident liappenni a little lime before the aroiy passnl the
Hudson Kivrr. li neniier aiiered the r.'sniution nrir the ciieerful-
ness of l.ndy Hnrr el ; and slic continued her progress, a imn.iker of
tlic fiiii'iies of tlie advanced cnr|M. The nextcnil upon her forti
tnile was of a dilftrent nature, and more distressful, as of longer
ruspcnse. On the mnr, li of the lUth, tlic gnnndlers iH'Ing liable to
nrlion nl every step, she had been directed by the major to follow
the route of the oriillery and baggage, which was not exposed.
At tlie time the action began she found hetself near a small iiitin.
habiti'il lint, wliere she nliglitid. When it ivns found the action
was heconiiim gen'Tal and bloody, the surgeons of the hospitiil
tonk iHirc^^eshloii of the sumo place, ns the most convenient for the
lirst care of the wounded. 'Thus was this Indy In hearing of one
continued (ire of cannon nnd niuskciry, for finir hours together,
with the presuiii[»iioii, from tlie |vwt of her hiishand nt the head of
Ihegrinnliers, that he wns in Ihe most exposed paitof Ihe action.
She had UireeTemilo companions, Ihe llaroness of Roidcadel and
the wives of two British olflccm, itlnjor llarnoge and Lieutrnanl [
Rcvncll ; but In tlio event tli<Mr presence served but lilUe for runi. {
Of tlie issue of this lady's interesting story, a lew
words will tulKee to rrmind y<«i. Iluvhig waited witli
exemplary putieiice till a late lioiir on the lullowiiig day,
she was Ibrwardid with a flag of truce, and, eiiiburliiiig
in an open boat rowed by two eunuiiun sailors, proctided
down tlic river. Torreiit.4of rain desceiuiid, fruiii which
alone, under other tircunii-tanets, she would i.uve shrunk;
but at present lier whole soul was engrosfid by one idea
only, and she pushed on, reuehiiig the point of her des-
tination at ten o'clock ut night. I'urtmiutily fur her,
the American outpost in I'luiit of which she presintid
herself, v as eoniinunded Ly a brave ami temrous cUlctr,
Al.ijor Dearborn ; who rietivtd her witli uli Ihe del'erime
due to her rank, and furnished her with sui h accoinmodu-
tioiis as his hut ull'ordctl. She reinuhit d tliei e till the
morrow, Iicr anxiety being in some tligree relieved by
his assurances that her husbaiiu's wounds were not si'-
rious ; and she filially reached the Anieriean head quarters
in suti-ty, where the utmost kindness was shown to her.
I need scarcely add, tiiat the flattering account* which
she received of Major -\ckland's condition, proved to be
well iiiunded. He had been shot through both legs, but
w as doing well ; and he returned witli his amiable and
heroic wife to Englund, as soon as tlie army of which he
formed a (Hirt, obtained its liberty. But to return to my
own narrative.
Having spent some hours with tho Baroness Reidesdel,
and done our best to comfort both her and tliose about
her, Fraser and myself adjourned to our original place
of destination, the tent of tlie former. It was but a
cheerless habitation, destitute of every tiling which the
common world calls comlbrts ; yet we entered it w ith a
feeling not greatly removed from sutisliiction, inasinucii
as wc found in it at least a place uf temporary refuge
from scenes harrowing to the best feelings of our nature.
"This is a cold welcome, Macdirk," said Fraser; "yet
it IS the best tliat I can give. I believe there still re-
mains a morsel or two of salt junk, with a pint of rum,
or thereabouts ; and since we cannot eoniniaiid better,
why we must be content with what we have." So saying,
he ordered his servant to produce tiie viands ; and lliough
they were coarse enough, heaven Unow.s and fur from
being supcrubundaut, we were too thankiul lor any
means of allaying tlie cravings of liunger, to experience
or express tiie slightest dissatiffuttion with our liirc.
Our scanty meal lit ing finished, v.c naturally entered into
conversution touching the tt.jtc of the army, and tlie
pinspects both of it iu general, and of ourselves in par-
ticular. " Perilous as your undertuking is," ob^ervtd
my companion, " 1 am by no means sure, that it is not,
alter all, an enviable one. It is true, that you run somo
risks. A single imprudent act or hasty exjircssinn will
betray you, and iu that case your death is unavoidable.
But your impruilence must be exlrcnic indeed, if it lead
to thi.T ; nnd then, should you succeed, how great will
be your reward I On our side, again, what is there to
cheer or enliven ! Twice foiled in action, destitute of
provisions, stores, and resources, harassed on all sides
by flying l)odies of the enemy, and commanded by men
who know not their nwn minds for &n hour; to what
can wc look forward, except to fresh disasters, and in
Uie end perhaps to a shameful capitulation ? Even your
mi:$sion, oh wliirh I have hitherto counted so much, w ill,
I am satisfied, lead to nothing. No, no, tho happy mo-
ment has cscnjied us, and no exertions, however spirited,
can now bring it back."
" Then why not say so to tho general at once ?" ask-
ed L
" Because such an opinion coiiiiiig from mc, would
deprive him of all self-command. Besides, things may
fall out in our favour, of which wc dream not at present ;
I'oit. .Vl-ijiir Hnriiagc wns a .on broii<:ht to the purgenns, very badly
wounded ; and it little tiniv ufn-r i-aine inielligence that I^ieut lunit
ileyiiell \va. siiot dcnil Iniugiuatiuo wl.l wunt no helps to tlgure
tie- state of tile whole group,
" From the d.ite of that action to the 7thor(lclolier, Lady Ilairict,
with her usual sereiiily. sioikI (.repnrcd f,.r new trials : and it was
her lot that their severity incri.'ased with their niimhi r^. She was
again exposed to tlic hearing of the whole aciloii, ami ai lasl m
ciMved ilie shock of her individual nilnfuriune, iiiixi d n iih Ihe in-
telligence of tin* genernt c.i'niiiity, the troops wt re ilefi-oud, and
Major Ackland, deiHTulcly wounded, wiis a | risi.ner.
■' The day ofihe 8ita wns paiSid by l.ady Harriet and her cnnipan-
Inns ill iincoinmon anxiety, nut a tent, nor a shed being si;i' I iia,
,'xeffi wh;'" belonged tn the hospital, their refuge was '..
wnni.ded indthe dying.
" Win V. the army wns upon the point of iiioviiig iifi-
I recciv li a mossage fioni Lady Harriet, submitiiiig to ii.> ,■
a pro|ioBnl of passing to tlie ciiiiip nf tho eiieinv, .iiid r. ,j
Genenil Gates's permission tontteiid hnr hnsbnttd. * * All I could
fiiriiieh lo iter was an op<'ii b<mt and a few Hues, writicn upou d riy
wet paper, to General Gates, reconiuicndiug her to his protection.
Th- fiireg. Sag must be familiar to many of our readats, but aa 11
l.i np.,io|ii;a:o to tlm subject, wa trust It may not be daauied uul of
[>\»n—F.d.
t
Ilk
.-illllg
$ s-r
t^::
'^
62
SARATOGA.
i.
:^■ i
\'
I:f
if
,«' "I ■
« ft';
(
and whilst the shadow of a uhiincc rcinaina, Burgoyne
must be siipportvd."
" And supported at the expense of my honour, ccr-
tainly," said I, — " jxirhaps of my life."
" Your honour runs no risk," replied he, " whilst you
act in obedience to your eliicfs orders ; — your life, as I
havi already observed, iii in your own keeping."
" But why pursue this wild scheme, if things really
be, as you represent them, hopeless? Why not try
what an Indian can do ? nny more, wliy not allow me
an Indian for my guide ? and I will set off cheerfully on
the instant. It is to the pretended desertion, and to it
alone, that I object"
" Will your objections cease to operate, if I lay before
you convincing proofs that there is notan Indian attach-
ed to the army, who is not a traitor ?"
I replied, that such a conviction would certainly go
far towards al'aying my scruples, and reconciling me to
any thing.
" Then your scruples will not long torment you," said
he. " You have observed a remarkable warrior in the
general's suite, — one Eagle'swing, as ho calls himself,
a chief of the Six Nations."
I recollected him perfectly ; indeed, it was impossible,
having seen that man once, ever after to forget him.
Among a people celebrated for the exact symmetry of
their persons, Eagle'swing deserved to bo pronounced
positively handsome. I'all, graceful, formed for feats
both of agility and strength, he possessed a countenance
endowed with an expression of singular aeutencss, and
nn eye which, whilst it shunned the gaze of the indivi-
dual on whom it was turned, seemed to rend his very
tlioughts, and penetrate his most secret wishes. From
the ojHMiing of the campaign, he hud attached himself,
in a remarkable manner, to the person of the general,
to whose intere«ts he i>rofesse(l, and indiu'd api)eared to
be devoted; and his inllncnce among ilia countrymen
being allowed to be very great, the general scrupled not
to bestow ui 111 him a large portion of his confidence.
Of this no secret was made ; indeed, the general himself
spoke openly of the Indian as one of the most useful
functionaries in the army. But there were not wanting
persons who viewed the red warrior with an eye of
strong suspicion ; and now for the first time I learned,
that my relative was ol the number.
" Are you uwnri-," continued he, " that all our mes-
gengcrs, not one of whom has suceeeded, went uiidiT
the guidance of an Indian, rreomiiieiided by that |mt-
son ? This may amount In no eliarge against him, I
allow ; yi't, is it not singular, that our jilans slimild have
iiorn so aptly l'ruslrat<'d this niorniiig? I know thai
^Jlgle'swing was made necpiainled with thein."
" What you s;iy," replii'd I, " atl'ords slnmg ground
of suspicion, doubtless, but suspicion is not proof. You
promised me jiroof of tlio Indian's treachery — let me
have it."
" On more accounts than one, I will at least make
the attempt," replied he. " 'I'ake this rille," liandingme
at the same time a short fiisee, and arming liiiiiself with
another. " Your dirk is, I see, in your belt; now follow,
and do as I do, without asking a i|iU'stioii."
He rose as lie s|K)ke, and we sallied from the teni
I was at no loss to conjecture that mir ex|K'dilion was
both oseeretand uhazarcloiis one; nor did any great spar
of time ellipse ere I discovered its object. Instead oC
passing oiMnly through the eaiiip, or along the line of
advanced sentries, we struck olV directly towarils tin
rear, till we had passed head ipiarter house, when wi
turned smldeiilv to the right, and made for the |N)iiit
where the Indian huts were estalilishi'd. As we ap-
proached Ihese, a doubli' share of eiiiition beeanie neees-
sary. 'riiDiigli it is not customary ii'iiong the savages
to preserver a regular watch in their eneampnients, 1
need seareely say, that he who seeks to traverse llieiii
iiiioliserved, must adopt every iimiginnlile expeilii-nt lo
shun olmervalioii ; for their aeutencss of sense surpasses
every thing of which a lCurii|H'aii eiiii form a conception,
and the slightest noise is alinimt sure lo be ovi'rheard.
With the habits of Indians, however, I'Vaser was liiiiii-
liurly neipiaiiited. lie sipiatted down as sihui as he had
arrived within a certain distance of their teiits, iiinkliiL'
n mntiou to me lo foUow his exniiiple; and our ap
proaehes were theneeliirlh innile slowly, silintly, and
painfully, not ii|Mni our hands and knees, hut upon our
iH'llies. In this manner we dragged ourselves over llii
surface of the ground at a rate so lardy, as to Ih' our.
wives aearrely aware that we made any progress, till hi
reBched ilie exlerior of a lent, ilelaehed from Ihi' rest,
within which it was easy to ixTceivf thut sevirnl |M'r-
•ens wire assembled. Iriiser liinelied my arm, as a sig-
nal lo keep iKtlVclly still, lull lo Ik" ready for nil eli«iire«;
and then gently raising one corner of tlie canvass, all
that was witliin became, in a moment, perceptible.
We saw before us a group of five or six savages, con-
spicuous among whom was Burgoyne's confidant. They
were seated round a dull fire, smoking with all llie com-
posure for which the red men are remarkable ; and for
many minutes after we had attained our staXions, a jiro-
ibund silence reigned among them. At last Eagle'swing
sjiokc. As he addressed his companions in tlie language
of his tribe, his speech was to nic without meaning ; but
I could perceive from the involuntary pressure of my
companion's elbow against my side, tliat he perfectly
understood it. Well pleased with tliis, I lay quite still,
looking witli intense interest attlic scene before me ; and
truly it were not cosy to conceive one more remarkable, or
more worthy of a master's pencil to represent it. 'I'lie
|R'rsons before us were all bedizened with the war paint,
which gave to their naturally savage countcnauccs an
cx])rcssion absolutely ferocious. A loose cotton scarf,
thrown carelessly over one shoulder, and twisted round
the loins, so as to cover half the upper limb, formed the
only garment which sheltered them from the infiucnce
of the weather ; for the moccasins, in which their feet and
ankles were wrapped, were intended rather to shield
them in the rough passes of the forests, than to protect
thcin from cold or wet. Their heads, again, bald except
at the crown, were left wholly exposed, except that n
hunch of feathers barbarously sunnomited the knot
of long lank hair in which Uicy prided themselves.
They sat upon the ground, each man's tomahawk and
rifle laid carefully beside him, and tlieir attitude was il-
lustrative at once of extreme indolence, and the capa-
bility of assuming in a nionient its very opiMwite. A
profound silence reigned whilst Eagle'swing s(Xjke, the
pi|ies being laid aside that nothing might call off atten-
tion ; and when be concluded, an obscure Koiiiid, resem-
bling rather the snort of a horse than any thing else in
nature, gave nssiirnnce that his address had Imcii well
received. This was hint enough to Eraser. Once more
he pressed against my side with his elbow; and letting
the curtain fall gently, began to steal silently to the rear.
I followed his example in the same manner in which he
set it, and in a few moiiients we were sufliciently re-
moved from the hut to |>ermit his s|H'aking.
" Thank tJodl IMaeilirk," said he in a low whisper,
" that we took this precaution. There is no room liir
explanation now ; but follow me, and whatever you see
me attack, 1k' sure to aid iiie in destroying it. The
scoundrel shall lie taken in his own snaie, or I mn not
the man I used lo Im'."
WilliMul waiting for a reply. Eraser set off at a rapid
pace ; and I kept up with him, surprise itself Is-iiig
M iireely allowed lo o|KTale, so abrupt and iinueeountable
seemed to nie the whole series of o|K<rationH.
A few minutes' walk brought us to an oiM'ii thicket,
considerably in itdvanee of the camp, and, us the light
of the stars enabled me to distinguish, above half mus-
ket shot from the right flank of the redoubt. At the
edge of the thicket stood a sentry, who clialli iiged as we
approached ; but Era.ser instantly sipiatting, caused me
to do the same, and we lay m< linnless, and almost
breatldess for several seconds. I , and by the man,
whose attention had evidently Ihi ii ultiMcteil, Isgan to
relax from his altitude of watehfuhiess. Casting a eare-
fiil glance arouiul, and seeing iiiithing, he once more
shouldered his anus, anil turning to his left, Is'gan lo
walk backwards and forwards, as he had previously
done, on his post. We tisik care not lo neglect llie np-
|Hirtiinily thus furnished. Advaneiiig in llie same ipiiel
way ill which we had approaelied the Indians' lent, we
suceeeded, nHer sundry pauses, in gaining the wihmI ;
and diverging as near to the soldier as priidenee wnulil
iillow, we lay down, — why, or fiir what piirisise, I knew
not.
We hud maiulnined this ulliliide riither more than
hair an lioiu, — on iiiv purl in i stale of mule asloiiish-
iiieiit, on the part of l-'raser in lirealliless anxiety, — when
llie altenlion of Uilli was suddenly drawn lo the rear,
liy a b>w, coiifuseil, and most niiearlhly noise. ThnI
wliieli roused us was mil lost ii|hiii the sentry, who did
as he had done when we were approuehing. He halteil,
and eliulleiii'i'd ; but in Ihe present instance he apisared
evi II innre "peidily satisfied than foniierly, for altnoHl
iiiimrdiiilely alter he reHiimed his walk. It was now
our turn lo Im' on the alert, anil we were ho. We looked
iiliroad, mill Ih held a huge Is'nr, moving slowly along
the skirl of the thiekel, nnd edging, as It were, by de-
grees and 111 short eirelis loward.i the soldier. At Ibis
iiislnnt Eraser piillrd me by the eiial, us if desirous that
I should Ih- prepared lo act. Now the lM<ar stood still,
nnd now the si nliiiel in Ihe ordinary course of his heal
approached it, when my conipaiiion slowly unsheathed
his hunting knife, and gathered himself up for a spring.
I had no time to form so much as a guess respecting liu
design, when all at once he rushed from his ambuscade,
and the next instant was engaged in a close and despe-
rate struggle with the animal whose extraordinary move-
meiiLs we had been watching. It was speedily ended.
Before I could arrive to his assistance, he pierced tli«
monster with many stabs, which, uttering a shrill cry,
fell dead at his feet, and displayed the figure, not of a
real licar, but of an Indian artfully disguised in the skin
of a less savage animal. You will readily believe tlint
my astonishment at this discovery was great, whilst tliu
amazement of the sentry, who immediately recognised
ttis officer, was not less so ; but the secret was soon dis
closed, and it proved to be one of the first imimrtanee.
Eor some time luick, such of our sentinels us occupied
deiuchcd and lonely stations, had been uliserved to di^i.
appear in a very unaccountable manner. That tlie men
had not deserted, we had the evidence, in many cases, ui"
their own excellent cliuructers, in ull of tlic |)Obitiaiis ul
their |iosts, for believing. It was not in our advanced
chain that this occurred, from which, if desertion were
the object, it might most easily bo attained ; but invaria-
bly in solitiiry spots ; usually in the rear, or on tlie flank
of 'he camp, and always within the compass of our own
ground. Numerous were tlie efforts made lo account fur
the circumstance, all of which had hitherto proved una-
vailing. If two men mounted together, nothing of tlic
kind occurred ; if a [lutrol lay up in ambush, they disco-
vered nothing, except occasionally a bear prowling near
tlicm ; but as sure us one man took u|>on himself Uie duty,
so sure was he never to return. This happened so frv-
ipieiitly, that at last men became timid i>f uiuunting ; u»r
could any but ihe bravest and best soldiers be persuaded
to face a danger which tiiey believed to lie snpernaluraL
Our udventure this night unravelled the whole mystery.
This bear, which hud Isen seen so froiiucutly, proved to
be one of Eagleswing's followers, by whose toiiuihawk
man al\cr man hud fiillen ; and who, but for our oppor.
tunc visit to the lent of his chief, might have pursued his
bloody career to the close of the cninpuign.*^
" I told you," said Eraser to me, " thut there waa mil
an Indian m the cuinp who would be found, on exaniiim-
lion, honest in any particular; and here is proof rnoiigii
that I was nut iiiisiaken ; but this is not ull. Let us first
cust this cnrrion where its companions may not be likely
to find it, and then, as we return lioine, I will convinre
you, tli.it if the army is to 1h' saved :it oil, it inuet be atived
by yon."
As he sjHike, wo seized the Indian by the legs.and tlin
seiilinel lending his assistance, we soon drugged him iiitu
a close part of the thicket. Thut done, we tell the niuii
to his iiieditations, and liillowiiig a course as tortuous at
that which we hud pnrsui^d in setting out, we arrived in
due time, and in jM'rfi'Ct sali ly, nt Ihe tent.
Of the conversation wliii h fiillowed, a few words will
siilliee to make you acipminted with the siibstanec. Tlie
speech which we had overheard, nnd which was tlic
cause of our extraordinary movemenls, contained, it iip-
|H-ared, nothing more limn hints of some dee|i-luid scheiin
of treaehery, the full object of which Eraser hud Isen
iinalde to ilisenver, but lo which the murder of the sentry,
and the |iiissuge of the scout to tile enemy's camp, w en<
lo Ih' Ihe pri liiiles.
"And now," eiinlinued he, "as you professed your
readiness In desert in the event of these men being fiaiiul
unliiilhliil, it remains fiir me only to hold you to yniii
promise. Eor once, I liillevclhat lliirgoy lie has acted prii
■lenlly. I eoidd not gather thut the red skins know nny
thing of this device, and therefore we may rest tohralily
srriire, tlinl it will nut Is' Ihwarli d ; tliongh every lliiii|;
will di'iHiid u|hiii yourself. Hilt it is high time to tliiiik
of seeking i'e|Mise, To you, and prolinhly to me, tii-nier
row will Ih< a day of no eomiiion exertion ; it were a pily
lo enter ii|Hin it with minds and liodies enfleliled by Iihi
niiieli wnlehfiilMiss."
He drew Ins elouk nround l.lm ns he siiokr, and with
as iiiiieh I'lHijiiess as if iiolhing mil of the ordinary noi
tine of events had oeeiirred, threw himself at length ii|i<m
Ibe gioiiliil. Though ill no degree nIVeeted by llie ilimv
siiiiss of which be eoinpluinrir, I instinellvely follo\M'il
Ills example ; ami in a few minutes a heavy brcathins
convinced me that hcwailn ■ stale of ulMolnl' furgrlliii.
■less.
CIIAnEU XII.
Ib'iiii; now left eiilirily to my own renrelioni, jroii
* 'I'lie Hulhitr ItSH lii<rr IniUHliirMl a rlri'iiinslnitrp hIi.iIi mi- ft it
liNs lii!it IH nuvt 111 1,1 AiiHiii'iin r>*iiilir- I J
m il
•miel
fodil/
•y '
^idilil
ftueiieil
Bagle
fuelit I
frolesJ
Bon, til
is a l|
fry kl
iiiorl
I'C.
flrhieli
gardoii
%avcrej
|tlUll '
ters f'oil
hail giv[
fciged,
Wat a si
$r evei
\'uriei
liioiis, I
lyes fir I
Objects
But my
inil risii
The
eguii II
enruiiei
1 tow III
killenly
lirse lir
H'eel ll|
silivi
SARATOGA.
C3
oil slowly uiiiihcBtlit'd
ni8('lt' up for a spring.
1 guess respecting liii
from liis anibuscadr,
in a close and despc-
e extraordinary move-
t was speedily ended,
taiicc, lie pierced tli«
uttering a slirill cry,
the figure, not of a
r disguised ii> the skin
ill readily believe that
was great, whilst tliu
nmediately recognised
le secret was soon dis
the first iiiiiiortaiiee.
r sentinels as occupied
been oliserved to dis-
aniier. 'I'hut tlie men
nee, in many cases, vS
all of tlic positions ul
not in our advanced
lieli, if desertion were
attained ; but invaria-
c roar, or on tiic flank
le compass of our own
ts made to account fur
d hitherto proved uniu
igctlier, nothing of the
in ambuali, they disco.
' a bear pniwling near
upon himself Uie duty,
This happened so fre-
iiiiid of mounting ; unr
t soldiers be persuaded
ed to lie HupcrBaturaL
lied the whole mystery.
fro'iueutly, prijvcd to
, by whuHc tomahawk
vlio, but for our oppor-
nigiit have pursued his
ampaign.^'
e, " that there wai not
1 Ik.' found, on examiiia-
d here is proof enough
is not all. Let us fust
liuns may not be likely
Imine, I will eonvinre
t all, it Diuut be saved
Inn by the legs, and tlia
soon drugged him iiitn
done, we lel\ the iiian
|i course as tortuous as
ing out, we arrived in
the tent.
iwed, a few words will
{h the NubHtunce. 'i'lic
und which was tlir
K nts, contained, it u|i-
loine dee|>-luid schiiiii'
liieli Trnser had Utii
murder of the si'iilry,
enemy's eunip, wiii'
yciu professed \yiw
|lii HI' men U'iiig itiuiiil
til liohl you to yniii
lirgoyiie hnsneted prii
I'd skins know niiy
live iiiny rent ttdenilily
llioiigli every lliini:
J JH high time In think
|iiliiilily til me, tn-iiior
Irrtion ; it wire a pily
LdiiB enfielileil by Imi
U ho spoke, and with
1 i<( the ordinary rim
limself nl hnglh u|hiii
IntVri'ted by the ilmw
Instinetively fullnunl
a heavy breathiii||
liiriibsiilul' forgelliil'
II.
iiwh rellretioni, yoii
liiinNttmrr hIm Ii vti fiir
If./
:%ill not lie surprised to learn, that these gradually as.
Snned a character, which, in spito of a strong sense of
xlily fatigue, cfFcctually hindered sleep from visiting
Ay eyelids. It appeared to me as if the events of the
■nst day, more particularly the occurrences of the last
■our, were the mere creatures of a disordered fancy —
■fcaiiis wo.-ked out in the fever of a morning's sleep, not
pBolilics involving tJic most important future eonsc-
Ueiiees. The scene in the hospital, the countenance of
ai'leswing, the assembly of savages, with the subsc-
ueiit deecfof bliKid, all forced themselves in the most
totesqiie and hideous manner back upon my rccollec.
on, till I almost doubted whelher I were not even now
a trance, from which it would bo a relief of no ordi.
f'^ry kinil to nwnke. Then, again, the thought of what
morrow miglit bring forth, was not without its iiitlu.
ee. I felt myself pledged to an undertaking, than
tliioli I well knew that none could 1k" devised more liii-
rdoiis i mid there were moments when my resolution
Sruvered, almost to sinking, under the prospect. More
|iian once I was templed to repair to the general's (piar-
|er» for the jiurpose of retracting the ennsenl which I
Bad given. Hut the recoUeelion that my honour wns en-
■aged. Unit my t'litnre pros|wet3 de])ended on myself, and
Inat a Khriiiking back now would eft'ectuaUy ruin them
Sr ever — these considerations served again to steel me.
'earii'd out at length by sn many distract in'r considera-
llioiis, I di'termined to think no more ; and I closed my
fyes fir'iily together, as if the shutting out of all external
bjicts would a.isist in dispersing a host of painful ideas,
lilt my cH'ort." |iroving useless, I ceased to make them,
nd rising in n sort of di'H|ieration walked forth.
Till' night, wiiieli had hitherto been calm und clear,
egiin now to assume u lowering und threnfeniiig np
•iiraiice. Dark clouds were gatlieriiig in the sky, and
, low mnaning of wind, the prelude to a storm, came up
hilli Illy and hoarsely from the south. 1 cannot tell why
nrsi' cireiiiiistanees should have produced the smallest
Bill n|Miii nie ; but cirtain it is, that I exiierienced
silive ri'lii f Irom them. It apjH'ured as it the tumult
my own mind hud unhtted me from looking n|ion
%ut\vard nature, exee|it in a state of uproar; anil us tin
iiid lieeame every moment more und more boisterous,
kiy ngitution gradually siilisidcd. 1 walked about for a
mil hour watching the progress of the storm ; and I re
lired at last to eiijiiy a sound and refreshing sluniliir,
I'liieh the rushing of a heavy ruin, and the boisteroun
'oar of tt tem|i<'st,eontribiited largely to priHluee.
'I'lioiigh the storm continued to nige with unabated
jTiiry, the troops, us is eustoinary in snrli sitiintions, got
jtmder arms an liiiur helbre dawn; but insliail of reliini.
ing til the line as soon as the day broke, they imrrly
|iiled their anus, and eontinned on the wuteh. 'I'lie truth
8, that the enemy no sooner ascertained the evacuation
;if our more ndvanced camp, than they possessed tliini-
pii'lves of it ; pushing forward parties witliln muske.t-shol
of our new alignemeiit, hetwein which and our pickets,
Rli well as lii'lween several batteries on each side, nn ir.
tegular llic of musketry and eunnon ensued. l''or what
biir|Hise this desnllory tiraillaile was kept up, it would Ih'
hard 111 say. On our parts, indeed, it was merely a iiiia-
■ure of diienee ; fur our men never tired till eoniiMUed to
Ho so by the aiidaeity of their assailants, and ceased ngaiii
hs soon as the latter withdrew; but the Amerieans |H'r-
lilsled all day in drawing on usili'sR sklrmislii's, wliieh
■osl a ti'w valiiiilile lives liiilli to tlieinselves and lis, willi-
(iit priidiieing any important result. Towards i veiling,
■iimrter, Isitli parties appeared to grow weary of so un-
prolitiilile a waste of aimnuiiltiiin. The eneinv, having
paitily striven to drive in a |H>st whieli (ienrr.il llnrgoyne
tihiliili'd a linn drlerininalion to iiinintain, nil at oiiei'
asetl llieir hostilities ; and from that hour till .'tf\er night,
kll no tiring N'yond n diitnnt and raiidniu cannonade
|oiiU place.
Things were in this sta^e win n llnrgoyne, to wliiiin
llie last wish of (ieneral Kraser had been eoiiniiuniealed,
Issiu il orders for the assembling of ii party to carry that
visli into execution. As it wns a iiiulter of siiiiie mo.
Inent not to attract greater niiliee iVoiii the Anierienns
jllian nilglit Is, the troops provideil for the iiielanelioly
1 riinony were few in mnnlH'r ; I'Vaser's Marksmen onlv,
villi n few eoinpanies of light Infuntry, Ising emiilovi'd
that service. We Isgnn to miisler ulsnit half past
I', at the dour of the house where the gallant brigadier
lav, and in ii i|iiarti'r of an hour nlbr, his Isiily, wrap|H'il
kip ill a sh, et, and covered with a liorsemaii's elimk, was
liriMiitJil ont ii|Min u rude bier lonstrui teil liirlhe pnrjMisi .
■•"niir sirgennlina jors Is'lniiging to his own ili\ isloii, were
lllr Is'nrers, ivlinse moistelieil eyes and deji eled eoiinte.
Vsiii'is gave lestiiiiony to the sorrow that nignnl within;
tiiil the irioiirnrrswrre (Junernis llnrgoyne, I'liilipH, Id i
di'sdcl, and Hamilton, with many others of the highest
rank attached to the army. As soon as the body ap-
|ieared, the word was given to move ; and a slow and
mcurnlul jiroccssion began, a few muilled drums licating
tlic dead march, and an occasional low flourish of truin-
pets sounding, till, having gained the base of the hill, on
the suniniit ot^ which the redoubt stood, the troops open-
cd by sign to the right and IctV, and the bier with its at-
tendants went forward. At the head of this party walked
Mr. Brudenel, the res|)eetable chajila in-general of the
army, who faltiTcd forth, in a broken voice, the words " I
am the resurrection and the life," till having reached the
point where tlie grave had been dug, a gcnerul halt took
place. Nothing c.iuld exceed at this moment the mourn-
ful solemnity of the scene. In the midst of a furious
tem)«!st of wind and rain, au<l surrounded by men whom
he hud often led to victory, was the gallant Fraser com.
niitled to the dust ; and as if these accompaniments alone
had not l«'en sutliciently impressive for the occasion, on-
other was speedily granted. The enemy, who had iilaiit-
ed a battery upon a height immediately opposite to the
redoubt, ignorant, no doubt, of tlie cause of the assembly,
no sooner beheld a crowd of persons together, than they
o|icned a heavy fire upon ns. 'I'lie balls struck repeated,
ly into the mound of soil iit the edge of the grave, easting
dirt into the faces both of the elorgyman and his auditors,
whilst the wild whistling of the gale replied in nielun.
(holy cadence to the roar of the eunnon which played
upon us. Strange to say, however, not a man received
an injury. The service was concluded, the earth piled
upon the deceased, and the customary volley having been
fired, the procession returned to its place ot muster in the
same order which it preserved when advancing.*
Ily the time we regained the little area in front of the
Iiii.<pital, the sun had set, and the last rays of twilight
were rapidly departing. 'i"he storm, however, contiiiiied
to rage with unabated fury; and an occasional peal ot
thmider, so distant as to lie with ditficulty distinguished
from a gust of wind, seenied to threaten that as yet it
had by no means reached its height. In the midst of
this terrible slrife of the elements, a variety of cireimi-
staiiees look place, indicative of some |)rojeeted change
In the siliiation of the army. Multitudes of cars and
horses, all of llieiii loaded with laggage, began to assem-
ble in rear of the camp ; the heaviest of the guns were
quietly withdrawn from position, and several eases of
umniiinition iH'iiig broken open, a ilistribnlion was made
to the quarter musters of the various corps. Ily and by
such ol the sick and wounded us were in a condition to
travel, were placed, with little regard to eomlort, upon
wagons, whilst the women and children were eolhcled
together, and directed to accompany the hospital. These
things were yet in progress when a brigade of heavy in.
limtry woimil slowly past, taking the road which bails to
Kishkill and Saratoga, imineilialily in rear of which bag-
gage, heavy nrtiflery, siek, wounded, and women, iMgaii
llieir eoufiised but silent march.
I was conliiiiplaling these movements with un eye of
no eomnion interest, when a sergeant ealli il away my
attention to other matters, by reminding me that the
marksmen were ordered to relieve one of the oiit|Kists
on the h'rt of the line, and close to the river. The latter
corps had already iisseiiiblid for the purpose, and I joined
it just as il was preparing to move from ils groinid.
Tliire was nothing beyond the ordinary routine of duly
ill llie events which iinilli lliuli ly followed. We Iruverseij
the camp, every corner of which seemeil in a state of ac.
live bustle, and reached our stalinii in safety, of wliiili
we look possi'ssion with all the form, or ralher with llie
absence of all form, which characterises such priNM'cd.
• " Wo wi'ft' liH'.iriiiiil," nay" Mailniiie ilo Itclili'silit " thai Or
iiiral lliiuii.yiii. Iiiii.aili'il ii. naiiplv wl'li (•'nirriil l-'ran r'. la.i re
(|iii>i mill III l<ii\>' hliM liiirliil ai >l\ ii'i liii k. in ilie |ilnri. In. Iiml
i|i.>.||.'iiaii.||. 'riiU nri'iiHliiiiiij an iim'Ii,-b ilelav. ami innirlliuii il in
. nr no lliiri lnl^^llrlllnl •• .\i si\ i.'i hsli i|ii. niriwi. was ninnvvil,
Hint we ►!!«' all tin. ui-ni ral», wlili iliilr nlliiiiih, i,ii ||||. hill „^»w{
Inn Ml llie r alii ri'iniiliv. 'I'lii' MiiiilMi i li.i|il»iii, Kli. Ilrinli ml
ellliinliit. rillniiin l.alU jlew iirnuinl iiinl iiIhim. IIii. nssi inlilni
niiiiiiinis. (ii'iniiil llaiia nlteiwiiriN {.rMO-nril Unit II lir liml
kinovn wliiil wasomnu mi, he winihl haie sinpiHil ilu. liri' linini'
itiaii ly,"
(iihi'tal llnrjiivni' liss iliKnilnil this urine w lili his U'lniil h llrin
I r i.\|.i.sK(iiii anil I'liuniiniM, llini - " 'tin. Iinemiiit i iiniininnli.
ilnilnu llie mili'iniill> : ilii' Piinily nlillinl I iinalii'iiii vnlrr wnh
» h' h llie rliniilalli iilllii.Ueil, thniliili tVinllnillv invrri.t wHh ilii.l
winihllii'sln.i ihipw np nn nil silica or tilni : lln niiiii. linl I'thri m.
.■u.iinl»lnn'i.|'»nHllillll) unit lii.lliinatlini n|H vii> i nniiliiiiini i
ilii'.i iili|iii>. will riniiiln.iu ilie Inai nriHi', n|Nin ilu^ mitiil iiIim rv
iiiiinMliiiwn«|ir<.>H'iii. Tln'iir.inliioiln>klin'<-siiilili'il iniln. airniiv
suit 1 he wlinlc niaiKiilnrlmrnrler iil'ihal Juiniiin. ilml n nilil innlir
nil,. Ill ihi. Ilin >| Niililn la inr the i«.in'il ni .i nmaii i ihiil tin' llilil mr
I vhlliiliil 'I'.. Ihi' laioiua, ami In lhi. Inllhrnl piiui.„|' ,1 ,„nf,. |,„
liniiiinl liMiiilan iiil'iiiil rtlrinl, I iiiinlaM ih> niiinnrv 'I'l
innv ihv Mhnla. Ihy mnnli vlrlnia, ihrlr pto«ri»« anil ihili isrlial
Unit line illsihirilnn : iinil hiiig liny llnv »iiivlvr-lnnB ariiit llie
iiiill in. Ill 111 Illy |irii ■hall he i;ii(|n||i ii," . lUI
ings ; and our sentries Ix'ing planted, Fruscr and myself
sat down beside a little watch. fire, upurt from the men.
It was now, after having carefully ascertained that no
curious ears were by, that my kinsman began to concert
with mc the more minute details of our project. He as-
sured me that the moment for carrying it into execution
had at length arrived ; that farther delay would render
it, even if successful, of no avail ; and that the fucilitics
aflbrded by our present situation of accomplishing one
great jKiint in it might not occur again. Finally, be put
into my hand a piece of dirty pajicr, covcied with such
scrawls as children usually produce, us my letter of com.
mendalion to Oenerul Clinloii, and urged nie with great
veheniencc to desert on the instant. I could not hold out
against his persuasions : I consented, and having done
this, it was no hard matter to prevail upon me to make
the act of desertion as palpable us possible. The follow-
ing is the method which wus ndopled for thnt piir|inse.
.\bout midnight, or perhaps half an hour helbre, it fill
to my turn to visit the sentries. I had risen from beside
the fire, and was already advanced some paces on iiiy
progress, when Fraser called me back, und speaking
loudly, so us to be overheard by the nu n, desired that a
patrol should accompany me. To this I objected us use-
less ; but on his urging the matter warmly, und rcconi-
mending tliut a rcconnoisaiice be made to the front, I
consented, tJiough with^much apparent relnelanee. The
conBcqiiencc was, that a corporal with four privates lie-
cam;^ my companions, as they were afterwards zealniiM
witnesses to my treachery. It was not a very hard
matter to deceive these honest fellows. Perfi'ctly iinsus-
pieioiis of any sinister design, und neeustomed to pay
implicit obedience to their superiors, they were easily
directed to act so ns to serve the great object in view,
without greatly endangering my personal safity. I led
them just beyond the line of videttes ; when, pretending
that it would be more prudent to feel our way singly, I
caused lliem to separate. This done, we airadvuiiied,
when, gradually ilrawing near the corporni, I begun lo
tamper with him, us if desirous of making liini a com-
panion in my flight. I'or u while, the man either did
not or would not iinderstnnd me ; he answered vaguely
and eiiiiliisedly, soiiii liiiics not appearing lo see tlirnngh
my design at all, al others Ircaiiiig my proposals as a
joke. At last I told him plainly, that I iiileiided to abide
by u ruined army no longer ; oin' canse was a fiilling
one — there was iiotliiiig In be gained by larllier adhirencr
to il, every thing by iiiln|iling an opposite policy. The
|Mior fi'llow stopped on lieariiig lliis (leelaralion, und
asked win llier I were really si rions ; "Never more so
in my lifi'," answered I. " I am so far on my way to-
wards the Aiiicrican lines, and 1 invite you to aceom-
|Hiny me."
" Not if a captain's eoniinission were my reward," an-
swered the brave man ; " nor shall you pass, if 1 have
llie power to prevenl II 1"
1 had aniii iputid this, and, Intiire lie could bring his
rifle lo the present, I siiii d and endciivoureil to wrest il
from him, \ brief struggle ensued, during wliiili the
piece cxplinled; and as I knew that llie report would
lirhig the patrol instantly n|Hiii mc, I relinqiiished my
liolil and lied. The (or|N>ral pursued, shouting linidly to
his (omriides; but as I wns more lightly eipiippeil, uh
well us fleeter of liMil, I speedily h ft liiiii Islilnd; and llie
excessive darkness fiivoiiring me, I was snon In yniid Ihn
reach of captnre. Several shots were indii ,i ilied, the
balls from which flew very wide of their iiiarli ; and In
ten iiiiiintes after the final airangi nient of my plan, I wni
lo all iiitenls and purposes a deserter.
Aiiiniiited by the good fiirlune which had so fiir nt
tended me, I pressed forward in iHlter spirits, and with
higher ho|H's of iilliniale sueeess than I had yet veiilnri <l
lo eiieoiinige, Not thai I was yet free ftoni lia»iiril; there
was al least ns much danger of lalling by the liniids of
the 1 neiny's patrols, as there hull Ih'i n Irom oiirown ; iiev.
erlheless I fill eonlident llial no ealiiinitv would Is'fall
me; und I wns mil deeeivcil. A short walk of lillle inoro
lliiiii n mile, briiugiil me in fmiil of an Amerlean out-
|mihI I was cliullengeil ns n ninlter of course. I an-
swered as the preilienmeiil in wliieh I stood direrled i
and it hiiNing Ihiu ascertained that I wan ulone, intiiiIii.
slim wiiN given me to ndvanee. I did so, and for ihe flmt
time in my lili', Ibiind myself nniidsl n group of pcrsonf,
every one of whom lintnrnlly limki il upon me wllli an eye
of siispieion.
The trealmeiil of deserters is, in all armies, and under
ull eMciimstiinees, pri Ily iimeli Ihe «'«uu'. The oflleer
ill eoiiimniiil of the ouI|hisI having iliprived me of my
arms, and sallsfn d his own curiosily as to the eorpii to
W'hicli I hull behingeil, the slnte of the llrillsli army, and
III! mot i VI •< wliieh led 111 my ab.iniliiiiing il,ilcs|Kitehed lue
I
i
i
I
i..i
64
SARATOGA.
under aii escort to the field otliccr of the iiiglit ; wlio,
aflcr coin|icIliiig inc to ffo ajrain throujrli tlie same ordeal,
gave orderd tliat I should be conducted witliout delay
luto the presence of General OateH. I was accordingly
led over ground with every foot of which I was but too
well acquainted, though the arrangements introduced
upon it were, indeed, vury ditferunt from those which 1
had previously witnessed. The enemy now occupied the
situ of the encampment from which we had been cjni-
pcUud to retire on the 7tli. Instead, however, of u Bc;inty
line of tents, barely sutliciiig to maintain a loose com-
munication froju flank to liatik, I behold the whole sur-
face of the country swarming with troops; whilst wig-
wams, blanket huts, marquees, and other temporary
domiciles, were every wliero huddled togetluT in close
and disorderly confusion. Hundreds of tires, likewise,
were blazing, round which many companies, apparently
ileslitute of shelter, were reposing. Guns, tumbrils,
ammunition c irt», and other carriages, blocked up every
avenue; and the neighing of horses sounded from all
quarters, as ii' these animals had been extremely abun-
dant. It would have been a striking spectacle at any
time, no matter how the individual might be circuin
Rtanccd that looked upon it ; but to mc >'. possessed a more
than ordinary interest. I could not but painfully con
trast the strength of the enemy with our weakness, as I
passed, not without diUiculty, from lone to lane ; and I
arrived at last in t'ront of a spreading marquee, perfectly
aatisticd that even Sir Henry Clinton's diversion, if made
Bt all, would h iidly serve to deliver Burgoyne from the
ruin that hung over him.
Tiio tent towards which mir steps were turned, stood
considerably apart from all others, .ind occupied the
orchard I'rom wiiich the light troops had retired previous
to the assault upon our lines late in tlic evening of the
7th. At no gn^at distance from it, though far enough
removed to hijidor a eonversalion from being overheard,
sat a hind of some ten or twelve disjnounted troopers,
KUioliing and chatting beside a large fire, the horses being
picketed close beside t'lem ; whilst three sentinels pa-
trolled baeliwards and forwards on all sides of it, so as
to hinder any |K'rsons from approaching till they should
have been previously cKamined. Hy these we were, ol'
course, slopped ; but my guide having explained his
busines-s, the sergeant was callrd, and we were conducted
to the guards' stition, where we sat down. Nor, to say
<hc truth, was the pause thu! granted by any means un
acceptable. 1 was well aware that, in order to effect my
proper object, it would be necessary to impose upon
General Gates a story somewhat different from that
which had ajnused his subordinates; and though I had
pretty well arranged beforehand all that 1 intended
lo sav, "I'll 'Ik' prospect of a lew mo^wents to collect my
thoughts nppi'ared lar iVom lieing unpleasant, but it is
no easy matter, under any eireumstjinees, to obtain
leisure for thinking in the company of North Americans;
nor was I nu)re favoured in this res|H'ct than others,
Endless questions were put to me, nil of which I found
it necessary to answer, till at last the return of the nies-
■engcr, who had gone to make the general acquainted
with my arrival, was looked forward to as a positive
relief from immediate vexations.
No great space of time el ipsed ore he arrived, bringing
with him an order fir my introduction into the presence.
This wot speedily obeyed ; and I found myself the next
minute standing in the heart of our cncmv's camp, (iice
to face with the ofiicer commanding his U'gions. The
marquee, thnugh large, wns a plain one. It was lined
with a sort of blue strijicd cloth, and contained no (/il .r
rurnitiirn liesides a truckle Is'd, a table, with two sto
and a solitary lamp, suspended from the cross |N>le, shed
a not very brilliant light through it. The light was,
however, strcmg enough to (lermit run to observe, that
the individual licfore me |M)ssessed n handsome counte-
nsnca and a commanding ihtsou. His age ap|H'ared to
ha about fif\y, |M'rhnps n year or two \nider; and his
manners wore u' once courteous, gentlemanlike, and
oasy. There was no hauteur, nor the slightest uffeeta-
tion of liantrur nlxmt him ; imleed, the readiness with
which he Invited me lo sit down, ami the familiarity
with which he o|Kmed our eonverNntion, struck me ns
passing, rather than keeping too much within, the line >>l
dignity. It «0B easy to perceive Irorn his style of dri'ss,
that if he had lain (lown at all, it must have Is'en in his
clothes. Hut for the obsiMiee of his eoat, for which a
loose nightgown was sulistltuted, he npisared ready lo
niuuni his horse at a incMnenl's notice; and a nmltitude
uf |Ki|>ers sealtered u|ion his talile, implied that his mo-
ments of solitude were not s|S'iit idly.
It is not worth while to lengthen out my story by de.
Uiliiif in filll the piirlieulurs of the eonversslinn whii'h
ensued. LInough :s done when I inform you, that (icneral
(jiiles, though iiU'ecting all the while the most jicrfcct in-
diiVerence, did his best to draw from mc a true account
of the situation of the British army ; and that I took
good care to mix u]> just so much truth witli falsehood,
us at once to screen myself should tlie latter be detected,
whilst by tlic former, I conveyed no information calcu.
luted to injure my friends. With respect lo the cimscs
which led to my (lescrtion, I slated that they were chiefly
of a private nature, wronOT having Ix'cn put upon me by
my superiors, such as i did not clioose to brook ; nnd 1
was particularly cautious not to drop a hint which might
lead my interrogator to suppose that there existed in
General Uurgoyne's camp a spirit citlicr of alarm or dis-
aficctiun. N^Vt I went farther. I assured him with as
great an air of candour as 1 found it possible to assume,
that even now I was but a half convert from loyalty ; ond
that though I had abandoned the king's standard, nothing
should ever induce mc to carry arms against my coun-
trymen. In conclusion, I entreated his permission to re-
tire to Philadelphia, where certain i datives by my mo-
ther's side were settled; and where I might follow the
l)caccablc course of life which I had determined to adopt.
The general heard me out with great patience, and
witliout the I'uintest appaient reduction of his good hu-
mour. He expressed liis surprise, indeed, that 1 should
be ignorant of matters which lie very soon convinced me
were well known to himself; but ho tlirew out no in-
sinuation as if he distrusted, I'ar less that ho had pene-
trated my real designs. This was particularly the case
on my denying all knowledge of an intended retreat
during the night. " All iny spies have assured me,"
said lie, " that the British columns arc in full inarch ;
an<l my very patroles assert, that they have heard the
rolling of gun carriages over the noise of the storm,"
" It may be so," rei>licd 1, " but I deserted, as your
excellency already knows, from a distant outpost : and
I assure you, that, when 1 quilted it at least, nothing of
the kind was spoken cf there."
" Nay, and their boiiti and battcaux," continuc<l he,
without noticing iiiy rejily, " arc all in motion. There
has been a splashing of^ oars in the water since sunset ;
did yo\i not say that your |xist lay u|ion tlio bank of the
river '"
General Gates was perfectly right. Our boats had lio-
giin to move much earlier, and much more incautiously
than they ought to have done, insomuch that the tumult
occasioned by them, h.id Imcn distinctly audible to our
advanced sentries, I could not therelore deny the fact ;
but I endeavoured to convince him, that such was the
discipline maintained in the British army, that neither
inferior ollicers nor privates — that no persons indeed, ex-
cept those directly attached to headquarters, knew either
of the designs of its chief, or the objects of any |>articular
moV(^inent/i.
" l'erliaj)s so," replied he ; " yet other deserters have
asserted, tlial the r( trogression was openly spoken of in
the lines, so early ns noon."
" That," answered I confidently, " is nllogefhrr a mis-
taki'. I myself was neeidentally an ear witness lo the
proceedings of n council of war, which, no Inter llinn the
night (d' the Tlh, came to the ileterminnti(m tlint the
army should hold its ground till supported."
" .Vnd from whenei' "' asked tieneral (iates. I felt
that I had committed myself; but I nt once said, " From
tlin highlands, which, we are given to understand, nrr
oven now in the |K>ssession of a strong force from New
York."
The general looked «t nin more keenly than he linil
yet done. " You overheard this d< eisioii 7"
" I did,"
" Then what might Im' the n.eaning of thnt abortive
eoneentrntion in the redoubt on the right of your line,
towards dusk /"
I explained that also to him. — " A funeral party !" ex-
elaiineil he : " Why did your general eoneeul the fact
from ine 7 Had I lieeii awnre of it, lie wonlil have met
with no interruption from our nrtillery." I assured him
thai the fire hnd occasioned no loss; and he expressed
llioisrif pleased nl the inlelligenee.
" Well, sir," eimliniie<l he, " us you nro llif liearer of
no very importnnt or anihenlie news, I enHnot profess
the saini' satislaelicm nt your nrri\nl nmongsl us, which
I sliouhl hnve done liail the ease U'en otherwise; linl
every convert Itoiii the principles of slavery lo those of
IVredom, Is welcome in the Amerienn eninp. With ri'-
s|K<el lo your inlendrd removal t<i I'hiladelphia, that will
Im' a malti-r for future eonsidernlion. You shnll not Ih'
eom|H'llrd to bear arms any where , least of nil nguinsl
those whom you designate your eounlrymen; it is not
the cuitnni in s iVoi- country lo rompel any innn lo srrvr
ag.iinst his inclination ; but for the present, you must Ik
content to remain quietly in camp. What yon have
licurd respecting the advance of a force from New York
is not without fdundntion. Such a force is at this moment
in progress up the Hudson ; and should you fall into llic
hands of any stragglers liclonging to it, your fate would
be certain. But it comes too late to bring any benefit to
General Burgoyne. Tliougli you have not told me, |
can tell you, that his ease is hopeless. His troops arc
dispirited, his stores arc exhausted, his sick and wounded
will be abandoned before to-morrow. Next day I shall
overtake him endeavouring to force his way across the
river ; and on the day following, he will be my prisoner,
— And now you may retire."
General Gates made a signal to the sentry, who immc.
dintely led me back to the body guard, by the commander
of whom I was conduct(!d to a tent already more thou
adequately filled by American dragoons. Here a blankd
was spread for mc upon the ground ; nnd here I speiii
the remainder of the night, in a frame of mind such a«
you may imagine more easily than I could describe.
CHAPTER XIII.
I had slept but little, and as a necessary consequence
felt but little refreshed, when a loud rolling of drums and
braying of truiniiets roused me. The Americans, it ap.
peurcd, whatever their merits in other respects might bt,
were hearty admirers of such of the king of Prussia'i
standing rules as it lay within tlie compass of their im-
perfect discipline to oU<y, and beat tlieir rcvoillics and
tattoos just as regularly in camp beforo the enemy, as in
garrison, when no enemy was witliin a hundred miln
of them. The tumult of warlike instruments to which 1
now listened, gave, it appeared, the signal for their troopi
to stand to their arms ; and it was obeyed, if neither isi.
Icntly nor very orderly, still witli promptitude, and much
apparent willingness.
Like the rest of the army, the troopers among whom
I had been lodged, sprang to their feet at the first sum-
mons. I'lie horses, which had been picketed ihiring tin
night under the slope of some broken ground, and had
suffered considerably from exposure to the wcatlicr, wrrc
speedily rubbed down, saddled, and in order; whilst tin-
men themselves, buckling on their accoutrements, took
post licside them in readiness fc service. Nothing, how-
ever, occurred for some time. It was still pitchy dark,
and though tlie wind had fallen, the rain still come down
in torrents, rendering every species of fire-arms in i
great measure unserviceable. 'I'liesu causes ncccssarilv
ogieratcd against an advance ; but I learned, that patrols
were sent forward with a view of discovering whetlieror
not Burgoyne lia<l really ipiilled his |>o«ition ; and llir
li.)isferous exultation of those about mc soon gave proof
that the retreat of the British army hud been ascertaiiiml.
In the mean while day gradually dawned, bringing
l.efi.re mc, as tlic light increased, one of the most rt.
marknble s|)reticles which if has ever been my fortimf
lo IhIioIiI. "The tents, marquees, nnd blanket huts, wliick
had almnnded on my arrival, were all gone ; they had
iH'cn struck at the lirst licnt of drum, and were now
packed u|ion Imt-liorses nnd ears in roar of the lines. On
llie ground which they formerly covered stood nunirroiu
columns of infiuitry, sup|iorted here nnd there by a fn
squadrons of horse; guns and tumbrils, limbered up nnil
ill order, occupied the intervals, whilst groups ofgcncrii
and staff officers were riding backwards and forwarik
for the purpose, ns ii ' cined, of asccrtaiiiing that mm
lers were in a prop< i iraiii, or of reetiiying such errcin
n« mit;lit Ik' ilelccted. Of course, the appearnnco ain;
hcuring of the troops now nroiind me presented a vrrt
remarkable rontrnsi to those of the army wn.Jh I liiu
just (milled. Very li^w Amerienn ror\m seemed lo I*
complete in any s|H'cies of e(|uipinent ; fewer still urn
clolhed in a garb nt all resembling a I'niform. Tlir
Continentnls, us their regular regiments were dcnomini
led, wore indiid blue coals, nnd their lirlls, pouches, nnd
firelocks, seemed lo Is' mnilr at\er the same fashion; tiiii
the under imrlions of their dress vnried in the most gnv
tesoue innimer, whilst their hats seemed to have bnn
giilhered from a hundied dillerent fiehls where a hundrri!
different iialioiu had fought. Willi ri'sprct to the niililii
ngnin, nothing eoiihl exceed the clownish air that ilii
linguishcd^ them. They wire arrayed, some in tlif
costume of their every day ocmpiilions, some in Innitaii
dresses, some in n sort of palihwork uniform, pnrlli
i:nglish, iiartly I'mieh. whilst not n few would hivi
Ih'cu nbnojiilily naked, but I'or blankets which lliey liii:
ened niMint llirni, by thruslitig their hinds Ihrouch j
hole in the middle. In like maimer, their nrins nnd o>
coiilreuMiits Isire lillle reseinhlnncc to lliim' usually i«t
ried by soldiers, tsmf (iiwliiig piecci nnd short nlln
H!>
VO
to
.*:' 8,ile
ic present, you must be
imp. What yon liiivc
. force from New York
force is at this moment
should you fail into tlic
;- to it, your fate would
to bring any benefit to
u have not told mc, I
Kless. His troops arc
d, Ills sick and wounded
■ow. Next day I shall
rcc his Avay across the
he will bo my prisoner,
J the sentry, who imim-.
lard, by the eommandor
cnt already more thou
agonus. Here a blankd
und ; and here I spent
frame of mind such ai
!Ui I could describe.
Oil.
neces.sory conscquenre
ud rolling of drums and
The Americans, it ap.
other respects might bo,
' the king of Prussia'g
ic compass of their ini.
)cat tlieir rcvoillics and
before the enemy, as in
iritliiii a hundred miles
instruments to which I
ic signal for their troop)
18 obeyed, if neither ai.
promptitude, and mucli
troopers among whom
ir feet at tho first sum-
ecn picketed itliring tin
irokcn ground, and had
lire to the weatlicr, were
nd in order ; whilst tlii'
eir accoutrements, tcoli
■ service. Nothing, how.
t was still pitchy dark,
he rain still camo down
;cie8 of tirc-arms in a
so causes ncccMarili
I learned, that patrol!
discovering whetlier or
his position ; and the
nt mc soon gave prooi
hud been ascertaiiiiil
Uy dawned, bringing
one of tho most n.
•vir been my fortunf
id blanket huts, which
re all gone ; they hid
drmii, and were iio»
n roar of tho lines. On
iivercd stood numrroiu
re and there by ■ fc»
brils, limbered up and
hilsl groups of geiicril
kwards and forwards
iserrtaii.ing that mat
iTtil^ing such erron
, the ap|H'aranco am:
me presented a vfij
le army wn-.h I haii
1 rorps seemed to l»
lint; fewer still wpn
ing a iMiilbrm. 'Mit
nents wero dmomini
eir lielts, pourhci, nnil
he same fashion; bin
nried in the most gro.
reini'd to have bwn
ields where a himdrrt
respect to the niililii
hiwnish air that ilii-
rayed, some in llic
on*, some in luintinf
ivork imiliirm, pnrlli
|t a fi'W would liivi
et« which they I'm
ir hinds throuch i
tlii'lr nrnis nnil ai
til lliiise uviinll)' rat
rri and short nlln
^^IfcffiOtt ®lIB®Wm^l3:W^ miii^^m^.
PHILADELPHIA, FICBIHJAnV IS, 1833,
NO. 5.
I'BisTED iSD l'ini.nini> uv ADAM WALUltO, No. 8, Nouiu KinHTH STHStT, rmi.ADiLpiiK— At $5 I'lir 58 numbrrs, pnyil I ■ in nilvniico.
R. 3l ti. S, VVO(->I>, I'lllSTKKS AMI I'ltBI.INIIKHS, NcW YllRK,
^ 8,ile A?i'n:« unit Publislwrs fur tin- Btalc iif Ni'iv York nnd all llio Niw EnRland «tllleR.
I'llKO.MX N. WOOD & CO. BooKsiMT.Kits, IIai.timiiri!,
Sole AsTOU for llw siatus 01' Maryland, Viruiniii, nnil O:iio, ami tlii'cityof .Vew OrJonnt.
tpearcd in the sam^; platoon, and even side by side.
le m!>n carried his ammunition in a leather bag slung
h'.< 'I :«. another preferred a shot-belt, whilst a tliird
4fa* ':cii>' od to make use of his pocket; and as to
ktyoi."' , not one in a hundred possessed such a weapon,
tt bore a musket capable of receiving it. A very great
■umber were, however, armed witli long knives, wliich
Inuig in tight waist tx^lts ; and several carried toiiia-
Jiwks, in the use of which 1 was given to understand
tktt tliey were not less skiltiil than the Indians.
.% Ill spite, howover, of tho total absence of all preten-
tms to regularity, the American army was not to Ik;
spised ; or treated, even in idea, as a iiiere mob. It is
ttnc that in the niceties of parade movements, very few,
•vet> of llic Ointincntal regiments, could Ixiast of much
■roficieiicy ; but they all, militia as well as regubrs,
Ceiucd capable of preserving a good line, and of march-
g in colunm with strict attention to distances. More-
rer, it was easy to perceive, that they entertained the
illest confidence both in thcniselvos and their leader,
'hey conversnl freely, it is true^ in tho ranks ; tlie mili-
ia, in particular, appeared to set all attempts to preserve
|uiet at dcfiaiioe ; but their conversation was bold, manly,
id proud, implying nut only a readiness, hut an ardent
sire to b<! led into action. Then as to numbers, I
iould conceive tliat this single parade ground contained
force of not less than ten or twelve thousiind men ; and
knew, froin a variety of sources, that large detachments
d been made, for tlic purpose of harassing and tmpcd-
g tho retreating army. Now tlie Dritish general could
)i at this moment bring into the field more than three
louaand five hundred men fit for duty : — what proba-
lity was there, in casn General Gates should act with
omptitiide, that the former could escape destruction ?
VVitl. .his strong impression upon my mind ; with the
m assurance that General Gates needed but to push
irward in order to fulfil the tlu-eat which ho had lately
Wtcred, I cxperieneod no slight relief when I was told
that the American army could not for one day at all
•vents, probably for a greater spicc of time, quit its
f round. By sonin oversight or other, tho proper antho.
iilii's had forgotten to furnish the men with provisions ;
nd tlieir last uiorsi 1 having been consumed before noon
,' in the SlJi, no movement could be made till a fresh sup-
ply should bo issued out The consequence was, that
hough of the position which Oiirgoyne had abandoned,
m well as of about tlree hundred sick and wounded men
rhom his necessities had rompelled him to leave behind,
luneral Gates took possession, nnd though he pushed
Ight parties along the Dovacote road, by whom several
;uns, which hul upset on the march, and a good deal of
taggage, were captured, the [Mass of his army was para-
ysod; and he saw himself in the unpleasant situation of
huntsman whoso hounds drop the trail at tho very mo-
i*nt wlien he eonsideri>d himself secure of his prey.
To me, on the other hand, no rmitingency could have
lappenud iiioro cheering or consolatory. The intelli-
enee eoniinunicatod lost night relative to the advance
f a force from Now York, was not forgotten : — coidd I
ut reach that force in time, Durgoynn might yet be
Ted. I knew that the attempt would Imj attended with
minent risks; should it fail, and I bo recaiitured, my
te was inevitable; yet tho object in view was an im.
ortant one, and I resolved to devote myself to its attain,
nsnt. Kriim that moment all my thoughts were turned
the devising of some plan by which the vigilance of
ny guards might Ih- eluded ; and tho following was the
•lilt of my eiigitntinns.
Tliongh exeeediiujlv attentive in every other re«|icel,
he Ainerieiins, probiiHly from the atwence of |Kiwer tii
kel otherwise, had not furnished me with nnv change of
Babiliments since I arrived among them. My own, ns I
n<«d searesly any, were satnrnted with thn rain ; I had
klopt in thnm thus, nnd thus thry enntiniied to hang
tbuut me : it was imt, therefore, a very gross demand
upon their erediility tn pretPTid that a severe illness was
n« consequence. I btrgun to shiver, drew close to the
Rre, spiiki' abruptly, nnd eihiblted other symptoms of
lndis|ioslliiin, till nl Inst the men, to wlmse cliaige I lind
JsMii iiitruNted, lieenme imiiri'ssi'd with the iilen which I
vi«ho(l them to reeeivn. My ease was immeilislrly n-
Hirti'd ill the pro|Kir quarter, and an orihr arrived for
yny removal to the hospital. All this was exactly ns I
desired it to lie. About leii o'clock in the day, I was
NKU SKRIMM — b
placed with a detachment of sick in a covered wagon ;
and before nightfall, found myself an inmate of a large
mansion on the outskirts of the neat and flourishing
town of Albany.
So far my project had been crowned with success. I
was freed from the vigilance of men whom it was not
easy to deceive, und advanced twenty miles ujion the
journey which it behoved me to accomplish; but the
difficulties which still stood in my way, were of a nature
not to be contemplated without tjie most serious appre-
hension. In the first place, I was a patient in a public
hospital, every room and ward in which was crowded
with sick and wounded, nurses, and medical attendants ;
whilst a military guard regularly kept watch over it,
and sentinels patrolled backwards oiid forwards in front
of either entrance. In the next place, I was at once
ignoront of the mule which it would be iieccssury to
follow, and destitute of means of subsistence by the way ;
for the high road would, I apprehended, prove impass-
able, in consequence of the great traffic which at present
prevailed ; and to purchose provisions any where, would
unavoidably expose mc to interruption. Nevertheless,
the die was cast. I shut my eyes, as far as it was pos-
sible so to do, against the contemplation of danger ; and
turned my undivided attention to the discovery of some
method of escape from Albany.
For the first day or two, every attempt to quit my
ward was strictly prohibited. I was pronounced by the
illiterate blockhead who attended me, to lie labouring
under a raging fever, and the slightest eximsure to cold
would, he declared, inevitably cause death. It was to no
pur|>ose that I profbssed myself convalescent j ho knew
the state of my Ixxly a great deal U^ttcr than I, and he
purged, bh.'d, and otherwise tormented mc, till I almost
caught the disease which it had hitherto been my busi-
ness to counterfeit. I need not pretend to describe what
my feelings were under such circumstances. A thousand
times I cursed my own short-sightedness, in having fallen
u|ion a device, which, instead of advancing, threatened
I'ntirely to disconcert my project ; and many and varied
were the schemes whic'i I [Hindered with a view of ex-
tricating myself from my present embarrnRsinents. Of
these, the first and most obvious was, to leap the window
by night, and to trust to chance, and the lightness of my
own heels, for escaiie ; but the window, on examination,
proved to be closely fastened down, Iwsides being s(!eured
on the outside by strong iron bars. Next, 1 thought of
seizing the miscreant, and compelling him, by a throat
of instant death, to guide mc lieyond the town ; but that,
too, would have Ih'cii impossible, inasmuch as the room
was occupied by at least a diiien persons in ndilition to
myself. Finally, though quite alive to the disastrous
consequences of delay, I learned to yield to eireuin-
stanccs over which I jKiisessed no control; and during
tho whole of the 10th, lltli, and part of the 12th, I con-
tinuetl a close prisoner.
rilAI'TER XIV.
In the mean while, rumour after rumour, touching
the state of nffiiirs both In front nnd renr, poured in upon
us, ns rivers whose Iwnks are cut asunder inundate a level
district. One day we learned that the American army
was in close pursuit of Hurgoyne, whiim it was nmiHGii.
VI inir to surround in a position which he had assumed
nil the heights alMive Saratoga. Ily and by, we were
infiirined that (lenernl Kellmves, with a brigade nf one
thousand five hundred nun, had >insard the Hudson, ami
taking \mM at the t'nrd by which the Hritish must lie-
eess.irily cross, cut them otV I'mm all elianee of retreat by
the mute whiih they had fnllmved in ndvaneing. Next
it was nsserteil, not only that Kort ICdward, but that
Fort George, the Carrying-plneea nnd Tieonderogn itM-ll'
hud fallen, nnd that eviTy avenue of esea|><< was eflict-
iially blocked up against Ih* ill.falid invaders. All these
rumours oeensioned, as you may wi II lielieve, extravagant
rrjiiieings nmiing the men by whom I was surrounded ;
hut there eame in one at last wliieli nn'eeteil them very
(lilfireully, and rendered nu' more than ever desirous of
rseaping, if I could, Iriuii my detestable prison.
It might Is- alsiut three or four o'eloeU in the nfl. i
noon of the Uth, when n erowd of enuiitry people enhnil
the town, with iiilelligenee that n formidable i «(H'dili
Isith of land and nnvol rorecs, was advancing frnyi New
York. Forts Montgomery and Clinton had both lieen
carried by assault ; Fort Constitution, abandoned by its
garrison, wijp taken possession of; ond Governor Clinton,
the rcpublicim commandant on the station, being unable
to hold his ground, there was nothing in the way to pre-
vent the Hritish leader from pushing tlirect ujion Albany.
Great, indeed, was the consternation which this report
occasioned, of tho correctness of which no one appeared
to entertain a doubt ; indeed to such a hi ight was the
alarm carried, that preparations began iinmcdi.itily to
be made for the evacuation of the place.
The confusion attendant upon these proceedings pre-
sented to me at length the opening for which 1 hnil so
long panted. Our guards, more anxious to hear the
news, than careful of the trust reposed upon them, not
only abandoned their posts, but lull every door open.
Medical men, nurses, and attendants were all agape;
and the very sick themselves, such of them, at least, as
were at all able to move, went abroad in search of par-
ticulars which they had no means of learning within. I
saw my opportunity at once, ond I hesitate<l not to avail
inyself'^of it. Hastily throwing on my clothes, and arm-
ing myself with a carving knife, I made a desperate rush
from the ward, and hurrying down stairs, I gained the
open air before my design (\ould be guessed at. Onco
there, however, and for a time all difhcultics were nt an
end. It is true that crowds of persons blocked up the
street, hurrying to and fro in every direction; but nil
appeared too much occupied with business of their own
to pay any attention to me. I walked through the heart
of them with a steady and delilicrate step, unheeded nnd
unchallenged, and gained the high road, which leads
from Albiny to Kingston, without a singlu accident be-
falling to agitato or nlnrni me.
Now then I began, as it were, to breathe with free-
dom. Casting on nn.xious look behind, and seeing no
one in nursuit, I quickened my walk into a sort of jog
trot, which gradually became n run, — till at last 1 found
myself scam|)ering nlung nt a rale which, h.id it been
practii able to maintain it, must have soon carried me
beyond the danger of recapture. I'nfortunately, how-
ever, the severe discipline which I had undergone for
no purpose, produced the very same elfi it which would
have attended it had it been really required. I was eii.
feebled to a degree of which, till my strength was tried,
I could have had no enneeption ; and nt the end of a
couple of miles foun<l, to my extreme sorrow, that my
u.^ual nbility to endure fatigue had departed. I was
ciiinpelird through absolute exhaiistiun, not cnly to
slacken my pace, but to sit down ; nnd I need scarcely
say, that I did so in a state nf violent inentnl excitation,
which took away, in no trilling degree, from the bene,
fits which might have ot!:erwiae atteiuled the measure.
It seemed, however, thot a(\er so many trials, liirtune
was resolved at Inst to favour me. Not a human being
made his nppearaneo as far as my eye could reach, and
I rose again soon a(\er the sun had set, tn continue my
journey. As I felt myself in some ineasui'c s.ife, that ii
to say, ns I could discover n>. danger immediately nt
hnnd, I trmlged on at once more leisurely nnd in bttler
spirits, determined to halt no where, ns long ns my limbs
would perform their duty. It was a lovely night. 'l"he
moon shone with uneommnn brillinney in a sky clear
nnd cloudless, nnd the nir, quiet ns the breathing of nn
infant nsleep, senreely moved the folia>.r, whii h in great
abundance shaded the rond. My route, too, lay through
a district, the singularly beautiful and romantic oppenr.
nnee of which could not 1m' eontemplnted, < ven in my
present perilous situation, with indilVerrure. I need
srnreely remind you, that the rnnd from .Mbnny to U'ekt.
jMirt, in what are called the .leisey higliliinds', rnnduels
the trnrrlier in a direction exnrtly parallel with the eoiirsn
of the Hudson — stretching sometimes slniig the very mar-
gin of the rivsr, nnd nrver divrrglng above half a mllo
(Vom its bank.
Along this rnmnntle rend, and ihrniigh this romnnth'
eountrv, I held my eours'. Tlirrr wns a perfici silencK
arouiui me, whleh neltlur the whis|H'ring of leaves, nor
the inimiitoiiiiiis rush of water, could In' said with strhi
proprlitv to dislurli. fi u- nnd fnr betwi rii were the hii.
mnn Imliitatlons uliirh 1 passed, in nune i.f wliieh the
liiiiilesl symptiiin of living iiihnbitanls could le discerned ;
nny, I Irnversed several villagrs, without mirting with a
:
i
fm
p
6r>
SARATOGA.
if
1 §,
■ »■
.r'
'ii
**».
s..lit;iry travi Ikr, nr liolioldinjf the glimmer of a solitary
taiH-r ill a siiifjlo duilliiig;.
As 1 piir.-iKil my journey at a tolerably bri.sk pace,
halting hut rarely, and tlieii only for a few minutes at a
tiuic, 1 caleuLiti'd that full tliiity miles had been acconi.
plislied when the first streaks of dawn showed them-
silves. I was then approaehiii^ a village, the iiunie of
which I a'lerwards ascertained to be Looneiiburgli ; and
feelini; both c.vhanstcd and hungry, I determined, aftci
a few minutes spent in deliberation, to ask lor shelter
and food from some of its inhabitants.
I accordingly pushed forward, so as to enter the place
ju^tt as the sun rose ; and seldom have I beheld a more
attractive scene tlian his early rays rendered visible.
The hamlet itself consisted of about ten or twelve dwell-
ings, constructed, after the manner of the country, en-
tirely of wood. It was iinpiissiblc to look upon the sur-
roundina; sciMie without contrasting painfully the condi-
tion of the district as it now stood, with what it proba-
biy would become, in case my mission |)roduccd its de-
sired ctVeet. However wcil-disposcd the liiider of an in-
vading foretf may bo, niid I did not doubt that our com-
mander was disposed to protect tlie eounlry to the ill-
most, it is nrjt, as I well knew, practicable to hinder the
followers of an army, if not the army itself, from com-
mitting act.H of outrage and raiiine ; and I sickened as 1
thoiiglii of the ruin v('iiieli, in all probability, hung over a
»|xit at present so nourishing. Nevertheless, this was no
time for the indnlgenco ot' feelings, very amiable, no
doubt, t':ongh not very profitable. 1 suppressed mine
ahnort as suoii as they arose, and walking Ibrward to the
cotlagi' which stood lUrthest in the direction of my route,
1 knocked loudly lor a(hiiis.~ion.
It liad striKtk nic as somewhat remarkable, that though
every other living thing was ah rt and on the move, nol
n human being seemed awake when I enleiid the village.
IVrnons whose habits correspond with those of the in-
li.ibitants of liOonenburgh, seldom lie in Isd after the
sun has ri.;eu ; and hence it was not without surpri.se
that 1 found myself uu.sahited as I traversed the common.
My asloni-hiiient was, however, greatly increased,
when, after knocking re]H'Bledly, no iiolice was taken ol
the signal ; and I came at last to the conclusion that the
iilace was aliandoned. With this impression on iiiy mind,
' was about to resume my progress 'hen accidentally
Icwking up, I U'lield a luimnn eounti nance peeping at
me, with evident eaiition, iVooi behind u uindow curtain.
I waved my hand to make the individual aware that his
proceeding had been ili^lected; and shouting loudly that
J was a traveller sorely in want of rest and refreshment,
1 sto<jd still to await the event. .'My ap|H'al was not lost
U|K)ii thi^ perwin to whom it was made. In a few seconds
i heard a steji in the [mssage, wliieli was fiillowed by the
creaking of a Isilt in its socket ; and tiie door being open-
ed, an >ld man presented himself with a ready invliaiion
lor nil.' to entir. I was not ' low in accepting it, liiii fol-
lowed my conductor at one 1 into a sung parlour, where
I'le mcaiu of satisl\ iiig hunger were s|ieedily m t before
me.
Ai noon as the cnivings of apixtite were removed, I
began to ipieslion my liost as to the eau.seof his own ap-
prehciision-i in partienlir, and the diserted apjK'aranee
of the village in general, lie aiuweitd cautiously and
with apparent reluctance, throwing out hints of danger
from all iiide.<, and i injiloying the expression "the ene-
my" in bo many eontrailielory fashions, that it was iui-
possihli to guess to whieli pally hi' inleiuli d it to apply;
iiut I gatlicii d prelly well, that thc^ |H'ople of Loonen-
burgli dreoMril the republican, not Irss than they feared
tliR royal troops, and more than half HUs|H'eted, that in
their liearti they wire loyali-ls. The most aei-eplable
intelligenee, liowi ver, which I olitained from him was,
that a llei't niid army, under (ieiieial \'auglian and Com-
iiiudore Wallaie, were in sneeesvfnl and rapiil progress
up the llud'.on, und that their arrival t.l Irfsnu'iibnrgh
itself might Ik- cxjmm ted by the morrow nt tiie latest.
No time wan gr.mled to ipic.-li m (he evidi'iiee n|H>n
whii h the above ruuiour resleil, ere it received a diiei I
mid most ime.\|H'eled eonfirm ition. 'I'he old man was
yet s|H>akiiig, wluii the roar id' a ilislani eiinnoimde In'-
wuiiii aiidibli , whii'h lie jironouneeil al oiiei' to arise from
nn iittaek by the llrilltli Ni|Uudi'oii ujion tliii Aiiiericaii
works at Asopii«.
I cannot prileml to ilcserllK- I he elVei I which thai
mn«< aiibliniii of all earthly soiiinls produced ii|Nin ine.
I ipr'tn^r to mv fivt with energies supernatnriillv renew,
rd, and thrusliog n piece of money into my hosCs hand
made rrndy on the inslniil to piir'nr my joiirnev. What
hnd I now lo fear ' Ten miles of hvej ronil alone di
vided me from the great jroal of my wishes; and if . ir
Imie otil^ rurnurcd m« a^ the liiul hitherto dofic, llieae
would be compassed within the space of three hours ut
the farthest. The old man watched my proceedings
with a subdued but sagacious look, and penetrated, be-
yond a question, into iny character and designs in a mo-
ment — tliough he said iiolliing to imply this, but wish-
ing me u pleasant journey, led inc to the door, and deli-
berately bolted it after me.
With a step light and buoyant, in spite lof the fatigues
of the iirevious night, 1 pressed forward. Five minutes'
walk carried nic clear of the village; and 1 was already
half way across the cultivated land, when accidentally
looking bock, I beheld, to my horror and dismay, a party
of nionnted soldiers advancing along the road behind nic.
That I became visible to them at tlie same moment, there
was no cause to doubt ; for though when I first caught
sight of them they moved leisurely and at a vraik, they
immediately jiut their horses to a trot, and rode towards
inc. What was to be done ? Had this accident occur-
red at almost any other point, I might have found shel-
ter in the woods, and there baffled pursuit; but now I
was in the middle of an open plain, to traverse which,
before I should be overtaken, up|>ear(d impossibte. De-
spair, however, gave me courage. I knew that should I
fall into their hands nothing could save me. 1 deter-
mined to make one cflort for my own preservation, and
I ran with all the speed of which 1 was master towards
the nearest thicket.
I had no sooner i|uickcned my pace than a shout arose,
which, beyond all ipirstion, marked me as the object of
hot and desixrate pursuit. This, fertile first moment or
two, acted as a stimulus to fresh exertions ; but tlie race
was a very une(|ual one, for I was worn down with past
e.vertiims, enfeebled by my sutfcrings in the hospital, and
ipiilc inea]>able of keeping long at the toji of iny speed.
Already I heard the clattering of horses' hoofs in my rear,
which approached every iiirt.int ne'arer and nearer, whilst
the friendly thicket towards which my stejiswcre turned
seemed to increase rather than diminish il - di.stance from
me. I became des|)erate. 1 looked Ixhiiid — the nearest
dragoon was within two hundred yards of me, whilst the
wood was fully live hundred ahead ; and as niy strength
and breath were both rapidly failing, 1 gave myself up
for lost. At this moment a chance ap|ieared, taint, in-
deed, but still within the possibility of attainment; and
I grasped at it. A shallow ditch, or rather drain, ran
through the middle of the field across which 1 was run-
ning, and by bending a little to tlie left, 1 saw that I
could interpose a hedgerow between me and my pursuers.
I did so, and no sooner shut tliem out from sight than I
plunged into the drain. There I lay pressed closely to
the bottom, my |ierson being barely screened by the low
edges, in a state of feeling which my imagination itself
c iiinot now conjure u]i, t'or less my [lowers of description
delineate.
I had barely time to act thus, when tlie tininiler of
lorses' hoofs lieeame more and more terrible. Voices,
too, were heard in loud and triumphant cliunour, till the
whtde troop swept by within filleen feet of the sjiol
where I lay. How I listened to the receding noise of
the chase I with what an agony of joy my heart beat, as
it became every instanl less audible 1 till at last I ventured
lo look lip, anil received the assurance that my pursuers
were gone. .Now then was the time for me to act. I
did not dare to rise, beeaiiso I saw at a glance, that any
altempt to Iravi rse the o|ien country must expose me, in
lase (d' their return, to immediate detection; but judging
fiiiTii the direction ill which it ran that the drain would
lead to the ri\er, I resolved to lidlow it. I neeordiiigly
dragged myself along upon my belly a distance of |M'r-
liaps a ipiarter of a mile, moving with extreme caution
and no little diilieully ; and my luL uirs were amply re-
eomiH'nsed by the loiieliisioii to which they h'd. I had
it been niistaken as to the termination of the drain. Il
not only ended at the river, as I hud sup|H>sed it would,
lint condiii'led me to a s|iot where a small lioat, with a
couple of oars, lay moored to the stumpof a tree. In an
instant the cord which taslened it was cut ; in the next I
sprang into it ; iiiid plying the oars with all my might, I
was soon far iHyoiiil the reach of my moimteo piirHiiers.
Hiieli was the last adventure worth recording, which
befell me during this mi'iiioralde campaign. Thu Hud-
son having 'wen clean cl of all Amerlcnn eran,by the re-
|Hirled ndvaiK c of the llritlsli sipiadron, I met with no
interruption during my s.dllary voyage, and I reached
Kingston in salitv a litlli' Isd'ore immhi, In (Vonl of whlili
Commodore Wallace lay at niiehor. I was reeelved by
both the naval niid military commanders with the eonsi.
deriitioo wliieh I hud reaHoii to i'x|H'et IVoiii th< in. ^ly
eredeiiliala were eKniuined niid approved, my story lis.
Ilened lo with patience, mid n promise iiinde Ihnt (•eiierni
Ilurir « iie'H reqiilallioii would Iki ntUndnl to In due time.
I'lnit time, however, never arrived. The 13th h«d hrcji
consumed in the capture of Kingston; the 14th Was de.
voted to its destruction ; the 15tli was sjK-nt I know n<;
how ; and on the IGth orders to march on the morrof.
were issued ; but before that morrow came, the last oft
in this humiliating drama had been acted. Authcnilr
intelligence reached the general, of the treaty which rin.
dercd Burgoyne and his brave army conventional priscn
ers to the Americ/.ns ; and he returned with all possilj,
precipitation, crest-fallen and humiliated, to New York.
E.NO OF SAnATOOA.
From Sir Richard Phillips'* " MiTlion 'ifVacUr
The dwarf JefTry Hudson, wa« 3 feet 9, and Count Uo.
rowlaski 3 feet 4 inches.
A female who in 1829 was 42 years of age, and refid.
ed at Pynacrc near Delph, had, from disease, not eaten
any thing since 1(118, nor drank any thing since lb'%
Total exhaustion was prevented by damp wrappers.
In 1800, a French prisoner at Liverpool exhibited j
most extraordinary propensity to devour nauseous did.
particularly cats, of which in one year he cat 174, manj
of them while alive.
All Esquimoux boy, snpplicti Iiy Captain Parry, cat iu
one day 10.) lbs. of solid food, and drank of variiiu>
liquids 1^ gallon. A man of the same nation eat 10 lljs
of solids, including two candles, and drank 1} gallon,
yet they were only from 4 to 4J feet high.
During the last great plague in London,.ono pit wat
dug ill the Charter House, 40 feet long, IG feet wide, end
20 feet deep, and in a fortnight received 1114 bodiis
During this dire calamity, there were instances of ino.
tlicrs carrying their own children to tiiesc public graves;
and of people delirious, or in despair for the losii of friends,
who threw themselves alive into tliese pits.
Dr. I.cttsoin ascribed health and wealtli to water, onii
hnppiness to small beer, and all diseases and crimes In
the use of spirits : making of tlie whole a moral thci.
mometer. The Abbe Uallani ascrilics all social crinus
to animal destruction, tlius — treachery to angling and
ensnaring; and murder to hunting and shooting ; and Ik
asserts " that tlic man who would kill a sheep, an ox, «
any unsuspecting animal, would kill his neighbour, bul
for the law."
Among the mammalia, man only has bat one thumb.
Such is the force of education, and bo much are rmii
what the habits of infancy make them, that in spite <>,
the conceits of the English, when Flirida was ceded in
England by a treaty with Spain, in 17()9, the whole of
the Spanish |iopulation left tlie province and towns, exropt
one ill a single town and another single in the woodf.
The same feeling was exemplified by some inhahitanu
of Nova Xenibln, who, nn being brought to Denmark, niiil
clothed and fed with every luxury ofeivilization,»o pined
t'or their return to their own inhospitable desert, tlint
some of them died liefore they could be sent back. Sonic
thing like this strong prhiciple doubtless governs birds
and animals in their return to their native Iiaunli.
Thf hxKtn and Ex/iinlt (if lianilitli and Robberi m
all part) of the world. Dy V. Macfari.am. Esq^ aulliw
of "Constantinople in lH2il," and "The >. imance of
Italian History." This is the attractive titlu of a work
just received t'rom London, from which the render wUI
be led to ex|>ect much entertainment — nor will he k
entirely disap|Hiinted, though it contains a large poilinn
of what may be called speeimcns of book-making. \\»
shall oll'er to our readers soon the most Interesting parti
of the work.
Mrmoirtnf Hiirlrnte Ih.iuharnaif, DuchetiofSl. Lm,
hUQiieiii of lloUand. — In preparation, and will shortly
In< published in this work, " Memoirs of ilortense Ik-aii-
harnais, Diichcss of St. Leu, Kx-(|ueen of Holland, and
wil'e of Louis Ilonnpurte," traiisUted from the Freiicli
expressly fur tliv " Circulating Libraiy." First Anicri.
can edition.
So many applications have been mndo fur anolJivr of
.Miss Martiiieau'a |H<lilici>.eeonoiiiiesl tales, that we iluH
devote part of an early numls'r lo n llivoiiralde siH-einifii
of her style and miiiinrr of treating «n intricate subject.
SOTi
' Aiilll
" Cainl
A TOUIl THROUGH SOUTH HOLLAND.
fi7
d. The 13tli li»d liccn
ston; the I4tli V!as dc.
1 was BiH'nt I know n'l
march on the morrov.
rrow came, the last net
)cen acted. Authcntii
)f the treaty which nn.
iiy conventional primn.
urncd with all possiU,
liliated, to New Yurk.
XIA.
'' Million of Facts."
3 feet 9, and Count lio.
years of age, and ictii.
from disease, not eaten
any thing since lfc^20
jy damp wrappers,
t IJvcrpool exhibited a
1 devour nauseous did,
! year he eat 174, ninnj
)y Captain Parry, eat iu
and drank of variuui
same nation eat 10 IIk
, and drank 1} gallon,
feet high.
In Londun,.ono pit wat
t long, IG feet widc,i^nil
t received 1114 bodits.
; were instances of mo-
k to tliese public graves:
air for the loss of iVieiuls,
tliese pits.
nd wealtli to water, anil
diseases and erimrs to
lie wliolc a moral thcr.
Bcriljcs all social crinict
caehcry to angling and
ig and shooting ; and lit
d kill a sheep, an ox, or
kill his nciglibour, but
ily has bnt one thumb,
nd so much are mni
them, that in spite r,i .
Flirida was ceded [i<
in 17B!), the whole of
inec and towns, exeopt
single in the woeilf.
by some inhahituiiu
ought to Denmark, and
feivilizati<in,so pined
hospitable desert, thai
" be sent back. Sonn-
oubtless governs birds
ir native haunU.
nililli iintl Robbtr* in
FAKi.ANr Est]., autlint
<t " The 1. inianee ol
active title of a woik
which the render will
lunt — nor will he In
ntnins a lurgo pottinn
)f Ixiok-iiinking. \V«
Most interesting |uirU
n.nuchuio/St. Ltu,
iticiii, and will shortlji
irs of llorlense lleau.
iieeu of Holland, and
led from the Frnicli
l-uiy." First Aimri-
iimde fur nnotlisr of
III tales, that we iihiill
I I'liviMiralilr spreiiiifii
an intricate luhjcct.
THROUGH
SOIFTH HOLLAND, UP THE RHINE,
AND
ACROSS THE NETHERLANDS.
BV LIKUTE.MA.NT COLONEL BATTY,
' Aiilliir of " An Hiainricnl Skelcli <f the Cnmpnicn of I«l.i,"
"L'uiii|i;iigiiufiliL' Allltii Army,' " Views of Coiiliiiuilal t'lUea."
INTRODUCTION.
The following tour contains much information in a
■III ill eoiuiKiss, and jioasesses strong claims to notice. It
B|)|ieartd last year in London as one of the volumes of
■ Murray's Family Library, and is now for the first time
republished in America. At the present time, when
^Antwerp and ii.s vicinity is the tliPDlre of war, it will
be found highly mterestiug and useful ; it gives a vivid
picture of the coni'lry, its inhabitants and scenery,
and has the merit l. being divested of the usual book-
making addenda taken from " Travellers' tJuides."
Soon after the tour was completed, the Revolution of
. Brussels, and the expulsion of the House of Orange from
the throne of Belgium, occurred. The latter country was
^■for a short [K-riod governed by a regency, succeeded by
tthe present monarcliieal government in tlie person of
►Leoiwld, Prince of Saxe l/obourg. The exaltation of this
.''personage was decided by the principal Eurojican powers
fal a conference held in London, and acceded to in
general terms by Holland herself. But the boundary be-
tween Belgium and Holland became a subject of litiga-
Jtion, the former claiming the part of Antwerp, with its
>'forti locations and others on the same side of the Scheldt,
-^ while King William refused to concur in such an ar-
: rangcmcnt In consequence of this refusal, France and
J,' England resolved on compulsory measures to give Leo-
'i pold possession of the disputed territory ; France en-
•j. gaging to send an army by hmd to reduce the forts, while
> England was to co-o|ierat(! by sea, blockade the Scheldt,
' and indeed all the forts of Holland. It is well known
that these combined armaments have succeeded in taking
the citadel of Antwerp by siege after a vigorous resi.*taiiee,
and that the P'rench are pushing their army along the
river to force the remaining obstacles to the completion
' of the compact made at the conference. Whether tlie
I king of Holland will retain a belligerent attitude after
t these misfortunes, or whether he will lie aided in further
; op|)oaitioii by Prussia or Russia, remains to be seen. — Ed,
PREF.VtE.
Our family \mily of six [MTsons, with a male servant,
, set out from Lnnilon, with the inteiitiim of making tin
i tour of the soiillieni provinces of Holland, — iif luieendln;;
j llie Uhine (is liir lis Mayenee, — theiiec^ I'i'ying n visit l<i
S Fraiiekfort, — returning by the liliine to Cologne, — from
^ theiiee crossing the Netherlands by Liege, Waterloo,
IlruswlH, and Osti'iid, to London.
Tliey gave themselves, or eireumstnnees rather obliged
I them to diKlieate, just one iiKintli lo the |H'rformanee ol
I this t<iur, which they aeeomplislied in twenty-eight days,
llruvelliiig very mueli at their ease in the airriages of tlii
|diir«ri'iit eountries {mil ililiefnrm,) — in treekselmyts
land steam vessels, — saw whatever they ennsiilrred to Is
I interesting, — put up at the first hotels,— dined sometimes
int taliles-d'liole, and at others in their privati^ apartments,
Mid were finally si^t down Oom the Ostend steam vessel
on llie Tower hill. Every one of the party rrtiirnetl with
the pliMising reeiilleetions of what they hud seen, and with
, iiivigorati'ii health,
'I hose who may wish to spend a month in visilin;,' thai
I rniHit exlraordiiniry i.iiil interesting eoimlry, Mcillaiid,—
I Id eiijny llie miignifieent seenery ol the Hliine, lo udiiiin
I llie splendid deeorulions of the elmrehes, and lo Ih' giiili.
, lied with the lieaiitiHil state of ngrieulLiral itiiliislry in
i the llii'ii apparently happy Belgium, eaiiiiot dols'llir lliai.
to riilbiw the trai^k which is laid down in ths liillowing
|iig<>t, drawn up iVoni note* taken on thu s|hi| by oiio of the
party, and now published in the hoiic that tliey may prove
of sonic use to future travellers.
CHAPTER I.
IX).NDON TO ANTWKlir.
On the Gth of August, wc embarked at Deptford, in a
sailing yacht, with our little family party, bound tcir the
Scheldt, and from thence wherever chance might direct
us, uniler a pledge, however, not to exceed the time of one
month from the day of embarkation. We dropped down
the river with the tide, the wind at cast, the weather
beautiful ; but night coming on before wc could get over
the Jlut!, as they are called, we anchored in Whitstalile
Bay. In advancing to this, the younger part of the
family in |>articular were greatly amused by the lumi-
nous apjiearance of the sea, which liapjiencd to be more
than usually brilliant in this climate. They compared
the train of light, which flashed from the sounding line,
to the tail of a comet. Every body began to philosophise
on this phenomenon, and we young ones in particular
were naturally inipiisitivc as to tho cause of such an ap.
[learoiice, which, wc were told, is not of very common
occurrence in this temperate climate; and that, when it
does occur, is not any thing like so brilliant as within
the tropics : — there, we were informed, it is awfully grand.
<-)n the 7tli, with a fine south-westerly breeze, wc got
under weigh at about six in the morning, reached the
North Forehmd at eight, and were at anchor in Flushing
Roads, directly lieforc the town, at seven in the evening,
having run about one hundred miles in thirteen hours
It was our intention to have landed the following
morning nt Flushing, our object Geiiig principally to in-
spect the dockyard, besides which, wc were given to un
derstaiid, there is not much to attract the notice of
strangers in this to\»n; and indeed, the only objects in
the naval arsenal, that we exiseted to derive iiincli grati-
fieatiim from viewing, were some large roofs under which
ships are constructed, and which towered high above the
mud banks thai defend the town from the incursions ol'
the sea, and far above all other roofs, that of the church
alone excepted. Of these coverings for shi|)8 wc could
sec three, which appeared, when viewed from without, to
be similar to tlic same kind of buildings in all our dock-
yards. Tiie morning, however, was so windy, and the
sea before the town so rough, from the cx|iosure of the
roadstead to the North Sea, that wc did no* tliink it worth
a wetting to attempt tno shore. It was, besides, desirable
not to lose the advantage of a young tide up the Scheldt,
which had turned at six o'clock this morning. We
tlierelcire weighed anchor a little licfore seven, nnd pro-
eiH'ded at the rate of twelve miles an hour up this mag-
iiificeiit river.
I'liisliiiig exhibited no external appearance of eomnier-
cial bustle. A Dutch eighteen gun sloop, and some hall'
dozen ships of a small class, were lying in the road, and
almut as many a little higher up, op|)osile the fort called
the Rammakins. Between this tort and Flushing we ob-
served two or three new martello towers, that are siip-
|H>sed to give n more complete eommnnd of the rnlrance
of the Seheldt, which is here at least three miles in width.
Wr observed some artillerymen firing at a mark, on n
rtoaling buoy, from one of the forts of the town, tlie
oiily symptom that displayed itself of military cvislenw
along the banks of tliis beautiful river, each siile of which,
and without interruption, exhibited the more griilifying
rlfeets of |K^aeefiil nnd lalmrious industry.
It was not witliont reason, |H'rhaps, that tin' Diileli had
lieen Blrengthening the works at Flushing, eniisidering
the lesson they reeeiveil, in the course of tlic last war, ol
Ihe total ineHicieney of those that then existed, assisted
as they were by the op|iosite biitti ries of ( 'ndsalid, to
prevent the passage of the S<-heldt by a vigorous and de-
teriiiined enemy, 'I"he distance across apiN'urs to 1m'
Isirely two miles and a half, though caMed three i yet on
Ihe oeeasion of our memorable ex|iedilion under I,ord
Cluitlmni, which, by a strange misadventure, look reftige
iu the easlrrn iiislenil of the western Scheldt, nnd got into
whiil Sir Home I'oiihnm eaMed the Risim|iot (literally
eream|Mit,) Lord William Stuart, in the Lnvinia, willi
nine oilier frigates, forced this passage through n i-rossfire
of llie enemy iVoin the two aides, with the loss only of two
or three men in iIk' whole, The wind was light, and tin
lido against him, and the whole of the trigntes w.re under
(he fire of the hnlleri<'s from the two sides nearly two
liiiiirs, vet lliry passed almost wholly untoiielied by the
riiemy's shot,
'i'lial fide of the island of Walelieren, which fnees the
sen, is defended igninst the eiieroaehments of llial ek
nieiit by one eontlniied wall or ridge of high sand hills,
interrupted only nl West Cnpi'l, where nn arlifleiiil dyk^
has been raised to Ihe height, it is snid, of thirty feet,
and defended in a very ingenious and extraordinary
manner, 'i'his nrlifieial barrier is of to much imisjrlanee,
that, on its stability, tlie safety of the whole island may
be said to de|Hnd,
Vt the [Kiiiit of the i.^iland where Flushing is situated, a
strong wall of ma.sonry protects the town against the
sea ; nnd the side facing the Scheldt is eiiilmiiked with
great care, and its repair e\idcntly ke]it up at an enor-
mous e.tiK'nse. Kmbaiikiiieiits or dykes of tlie same kind
are carried along both banks of the river ; and nt the base
of each i.( thrown out a barriir of stones and stakes to
protect the higher ramparts of earlli ; and ll.e.^e again are
covered with great cure and ingemiily with a kind of
thatch, consisting of lic.in-stnbble or strnw The stones
nt the base are soiiietiines thrown into a kind of a wicket
or basket-work of withy twigs, nnd the whole kept to-
gether by ropes m;ide of the suiiic material, and inter-
woven with rushes; nnd where the current or the tide
sets strongest, rows of stakes or pules are driven iiito the
sand, to act lis breakwaters for the protection of the bate
of the sloping bank, which receives a further consistente
by iK'ing grown over with grass, on the gently sloping
sides of which very fine cattle may be seen grazing, many
of which are liandsouiely spotted.
These dykes, and their siijiporting enibankinents, mo
seen in great perfection along the shores of South lieve-
laiid, the island next to Waleheren, nnd one of Ihe most
lieautiful nnd ferlile territories of Holland; tliat is to say,
lieantiful for its cultivation nnd its lertility in nil kinds of
grain, mudder, pulse, lieiiip, rape, and llnx ; in its nbnii-
(lance of orchards of nppks, pears, cherries, nnd plums ;
in the number of its villages, tiliiated in the midst of
trees, but, lo the navigator of tlit^ riv( r, known only to
exi.-t from the freiiiieiit spires of churches that are seen
to rise in every diiettion out of the woods. Even in
those villages that are eliwe to llit^ banks, seldom is nny
part of the houses visible, except Ihe eliiiniieys and the
tiled roofs : but a church spire in the midst of trees, nnd
I windmill erected on the bank or some artilieiul niouiil,
the iH'ttcr to cr.tcli the breeze, nre sure indicalions of the
co-existence of a little Immlet with tho^c conspicuous
object?.
In various parts of the shores of the river, in addition
to the regular embnnknienls, are small breakwaters of
stonework, thrown out at right angles into the stream,
intended to guard the dykes iigain.st the shneli of Healing
limlier or vessels, lint more piirtienliirly against the
ninsses of ice which float down in the winter se.ison.
These stones nre nil brought hither, by water coiiveyniKe,
from the neighbourhood of Brussels, ns not n pebble of
any description is to be found in nny of the Zealand
Islands, nor in the northern provinces of Belgium. The
general surl'iee, in liict, on both sides of Ihe river, is Is -
low the hvel of the high water iiinrk, so thnt n vast ex-
lent of fertile country has nctuully been rescued from the
sea by human laliour and ingenuity. It is evident, lliere.
fore, that unless due precautions were taken ngainst the
breaking in of the sen, which not mifreipiently hapjiens,
the whole country wonhl be subject to inundalion, and
revert to its ancient state of usiless sterility — nltiTiialely
a siinily marsh nnd a sheet of water.
This is, in fact, what has actually hnpiiminl to tlin
eastern side of this very Isl.ind of South Bevelnnd,
where, nt low water, there is a v^st extent of sand, wliirh
the Dutch have named ' Vendriiken land,' or land swal-
lowed up by the sea. To obviate n disaster of such fatal
iiii|s)rt, innumerable inland dykes are eonslrueled in
evi ry direction, not <inly lo marl(, as they sometimes do,
III! ilivisinn of pro|H'rly, bill also lo nfl'nrd additional bar-
riers to the waters, so that if Ihe first barrier or sea dyke
Hliouhl give way, a second r'ld n third may Is' fimmt to
resist the further ravages of llie flood, ;\l the commenee
incnt of tln^ present century, however, Waleheren wan
inumhted by a breach of the p<'a nt West Ca|>rl, mill
the water is said to have stooil iis high ns the ro<ifs of the
houses of .Aliildelhnrg, which line erty was saved fVnm
niter destrinlion only by the strength of its wnll«. This
event is commnnorated liy n iiisi riplioii on n stone.
The si-n had oner U'liin washed nwny the snndy
downs, which form n Imrrie- along the wesU'ni const,
and Bub.in'rjred the ancient ; of West Cn|K'l, which
was afterwards rihiiilt flirther i. id. It is liere that, in
order to prevent future neeidenls of the sumr kind, nil
eiiiirinous <!yke, thirty firt high, has ls>< n raised lo fill
lip the lirenili. Tlie ex|«'ii«e iiiiisl have ts'cn enormous,
bill llii' snltntioii at' Ihe wholr Hlaiids of Wiilelicreii may
Is' said lo defD'nd on its stability.
In nil these banks several slniees nre eoiistriietcd, by
iiie:iiis of whieli Hie iiihnbilnnls linve not only the power
of letting mit the water from the Minds, biitulto oflttting
•I- «
■ ■:<
f h~
'^'
■I, *■
■ I?
!■ '.f
-f
«
68
A TOUR THROVCII SOUTH HOLLAND.
'n that of tlie river or the sea, in the event of an cm my
invading the country ; and oy tliis des|)cratc measure to
make it impossible lor him to remain ; but this is an ad-
vantage gained only at the expense of an intlictiun ol
general misery and distress, amounting very nuarly to
complete ruin.
Tlie masier of our vessel was well acquainted ivitli
every ]iart of the river, but we were comixjUed to take a
Dutcli pilot, for the sake, of course, of paving him his
fee. We were desirous, in proceeding, to kce|) close to
the northern cliannci on the Dutch side, along the sliores
of Bcveland, but the pilot made several objections, wliich
our master knew to bo perfectly frivolous ; liis only
avowed reason, on Iwing pressed, was, that the king did
not like it — and as in such cases, wlien atat jiro ratiune
volunlai, and when we arc told that le roile veut, it would
be folly to resi.- 1, we stood over to Terneuse on the south-
ern side. I'Vom this place a fine canal has recently been
ojKjned the whole way to (Jhcnt, of the deptli of sixteen
feet, which, while it admits sliips of very considerable
burthen, acts as a drain to the surrounding country,
through which it passes. At Terneuse it conunmiieates
with the Scheldt, by two separate sluices or locks. 'I'l
water communication is of the greatest importance, both
te Brabant and Holland, by opening a direct intercourse
between Antwerp and other principal towns of Uelgiiim,
and to the latter country, through various channels of
communication, with Dort imd lintterdam.
In proeeeding up tlie Scheldt, it is im|)ossiblc not to
he struck with the simple means by which tlic Uutch
have succeeded in producing the same cft'ect, though,
perhaps, in a smaller degree, for which in England we
launch out into the most extravagant expense. Nothing
can exceed the economy practised in the construction of
thoir flood-gates, and the wooden piers in which their
sluices are placed ; a species of hydraulics, that witli us
are generally formed of the most costly workmanship in
masonry, ilaving no stone in this country, but what
must come to them from the banks of the .Aleusi^ or the
Rhine, necessity has driven tluiin to the use of other ma-
terials, and itii place is erticicntly supplied by tlie less
costly, though less durable, article of wood.
On tlic muddy sliores and the sand banks of the
Scheldt, left bare at low water, whole shoals of seals may
generally lie scon in dillereiit attitudes, some playing
about and wallowing in the mud, wliile others are stand-
ing upright, as if watching to give notice to their coiii-
poiiions of any danger that may be approacliiiig. 'I'liese
cre.tures arc possessed of a high degree of cunning, and
not easily to be caught napping ; the usual mode of' tak-
ing them is by setting a long range of nets below the
surface of the high water line, so as to adiii'* them Ireely
Bt th.it time of tide to the shores or banks ^f the river ;
over which m^ts, as the watiT falls, they are unable to
pass, and are tliuis caught in the same manner tin; in
habitants place rows of twigs, with nets lictwecn tliciii,
the more readily to cateli various kinds of fish, which by
first encountering the dilHculty of passing through the
twigs generally fall into tho nets between them.
The distance from Flushing to Antwerp is reckoned,
by the bending of the river, to b« sixty-two miles, wliich
our little yacht eflcctcd in fifo hours aitd a half, and
would with case have doue it In five hours, had thu wind
uot failed us in tlie narrow part of the river, just above
Lillo. The apiiearaneo of tho ancient city of Aiitwcrp
becomes here an interesting object, and the more im|«)K-
iug the nearer wc approach it along the last reach of thi
Sclicldt ; nor will the traveller leel any disapimiiitiiieiit
on his arrival before this great commercial jiort of tlie
Netherlands.
At the same time it must lie confessed there was no
thing on this noble river, either in our progrcHs up it, or
before tho city, that conveyed any impression of an ac-
tive or cxtunsivi' cominorei'. In sailing up or down the
Thanii.'s, or in approaching lioiidon within four or five
miles — in the fir^t ease, tile multitude of sliipping, of all
descriptions from, the largest Iiidiamen to the deep l.ideii
birge scarcely emerging from the water, crossing and
recrossiiig each other in every |>ossiblo direction — in tlie
second, those lying in close contact, tier after tier, for
several miles below the first bridge of the mitro|«ilis, nf-
ford indications not to lie mistaken of the eoinmen jal
wealth and prosperity of London. Dut the Scheldt, when
wo ascended It, was a vacant river; we mithiT met nor
overtook n single sail, and with the exception of soiiii! ten
or Iwi'Ive small vcssiIh, mostly brigs except two nr three
American Hhips, therc^ wiis tilths npisiiriiiKi' of trade
along the rtiniiiMin ipiay of Antwerp, lint a ureal mim-
U'r of vessels wiTc} lying in the small harlimirs that
branch out from the river, anil in the two large basins,
Antwerp, however, is a fine old city. It is iin|HHiKible
to enter tlirough an ancient gateway into its narrow
streets, bounded by lofty houses, with their high gable
(lids or pediments of several stories of windows, and as-
cending by steps on itacli side to a |>oint, without being
attracted by tluir grotesque but, at the same time, |)ic-
turesfiue appearance. Indeed, their novel and fanciful
shapes are much more attractive than the more recent and
wider streets, with their more spacious houses, niaiiy of
which are not inferior to any that are met witli in Lon-
don.
The Rue de la Mer, which had formerly a coiial down
the middle, like those which are generally met with in a
Dutch town, but is now filled u|), appears to be as wide
as Portland Place, and from the variety in the architec-
ture of its houses is infinitely more picturesque and
striking.
In this street is the cominoclious hotel of Le Grnvd
fjiiliouieur, in which wc took up our (|uarters ; and in it
also is the palace of William I., a handsome building
enough, but nothing remarkable, being little better than
a common sized house of tlie first class, the ajHirtinents
surrounding a quadrangle. In fact it bilonged to one of
the merchants of the town, but was purchased and fur
nished for the use of Bonaparte and his generals, when
he should happen to po^s this way. It certainly has no
pretensions to the name of palace. It consists of two
suites of six or seven small rooms, some without any
otiicr furniture than a deal table, and a ihw of tho com-
moiiest chairs, and others entirely without furniture of
any kind, i f tlic present royal family shoidd remain a
day or so at Antwerp, which they have not yet conde-
scended to do, there is a bed fitted up in one of the suites
of apartments for the king, ajid another in the op|>osite
side for the queen, but their atteiidanta must shift for
themselves, and sleep on the floor, unless timely notice
be given to prepare lor better acrummodation tlian this
palace at present affords, thi expressing some surprise
to the yomig woman who showed us round, that it should
be left in so unfurnished a state, she readily observed that,
" if Xa|X)leoii had remained their sovereign, it would soon
have l>een furnished, and that right well too."
Antwerp, though still a place of very considerable
trade, has had the misfortune of IxMng stripped of its splen-
dour and pros|)erity on several occasions. Her merchants
were at one time the most wealthy body of men in Eu-
rope. As an illustration of this, a story is told of one
.loliii Dacns, who lent to Charles V. a nuUion of gold, to
enable him to carry on his wars in Hungary, for wL'ch
he obtained the royal bond. The enqicror, on his return,
dined with the uicrchant, who, after a most sumptuous
entertuinment, produced the Imiid, not, however, for pay-
ment, but to burn il, which he is said to have done in a
tire made of the chips of cinnamon.
The griatest blow which the prosperity of this city
received, was in consequence of the treaty by which the
navigation of the magnificent river, on the right bank of
which it is situated, was prohibited. It is said that An-
twerp before this conluined not Icwcr tlian two hundred
thousand inhabitants, and had sometimes two thousand
ships and vessels lying in the river, and its harbours and
its basins. The former are now reduced to less than sixty
thousand, and the latt<'r to at most two hundred. The
town had before this treaty Ix'cn sacked and set on fire
by the infamous Alva, when six or seven thousand of its
iiiliabilanls ore said to have |>crislicd: and tlie third, and
last time, that its pros|)erity suffered a severe blow, was
occasioned by the overthrow of Bonaparte, when his
grand design of making Antwerp the greatest naval ar-
senal in the north of Kuropc fell with its projector. His
plans for this |)ur|H>se were undertaken on an immense
scale ; but they were by no mi'ans deserving those ex-
travagant encomiums that were bestowed on them while
in their progress, 'I'lie two basins arc undouliledly
plunned with great skill, and exeriited with excellent
workmanship. They are eonveiiienlly enlend from the
river, well protected by the guns of the eitadid, commu-
iiieuti' with each other by a stout pair of iron gates, and
another nair connects them willi tlie river. I'or the se-
curity of shipping in the winter months these basins are
admirably adapted ; and tho old East India House, a
gnat <piuilr.iiigular building, which stands immcdiatel,
iH'lweeii them, is well situated for the reeepli<m of mer-
(haMdi-i; ot imvnl stores; but they are increlmsinH, pos-
sessing no I'onvenieiices wluitcMr fiir llie huildiiiff or re-
pairs of ships. As commercial docks they ore of consi-
derable im|H>rtanee to the town, and on that account
solely liny es<ii|H'd diniolition, wlmi the dock yard,
wlii( h was higher up the river, was destroyed.
, This deniolilion of the naval pstililiKlimeiit was car-
ried into ell'eet in virtue of the fifteenth nrliele of the
D(<finitivc Treaty of I'eoce, signed nt I'uris tho .lOlh
May, 1814. By this article, all the ships of war tlien at
Antwerp afloat, and those on the stocks, were — after
those actually belonging to Holland, prior to its incor|)o-
ration in the French empire, had l)een given up to the
Prince of Orange, — to be divided, so that his most Chris-
tian Majesty should have two thirds, and the Dutch, in
trust for the allied powers, the remaining third; all those
on the stocks to be broken up within a specified time,
and the slips, docks, and every thing belonging to the
naval arsenal, broken up and destroyed. Commissioners
were appointed for this partition and demolition, amongst
whom was the comptroller and the surveyor of the Bri.
tish navy. The division was as follows, viz :
To the French.— 12 Sail of the line,
4 Frigates,
3 Brigs ; txjsides
!l Sail of the line, and
2 Frigatesonthc stocks.tobe broken up.
To Ike Dutc/i.— 3Sail ofthelinc,
.'> Frigates ; and, in trust,
7 Sail of the line,
L :n Sail of the line.
Total. I II Frigates,
I a Brigs.
The ordnance stores, guns and ammunition, were also
divided, as well as the timber and other naval stores, the
estiinaled value of which exceeded two millions ster.
ling.
'I'lius perished tho dockyords of Antwerp, which Bo-
naparte had taken so much pains and spent so much
money to complete, and which had occasioned so much
uneasiness to (ircat Britain.
The work of destruction being finished, it next be-
came a question as to the demolition of the two fiiio
basins, which, however, would have been no easy mailer;
at least to such an extent as would have rendered llieiu
irreparable. It was calculated that the larger of the two
was capable of containing thirty-four sail of the line, and
tll(^ smaller one, fijurteen. The reiircsentations of tlit
citizens, however, in favour of their lieing suflcrcd to re-
main uninjured, as the receptacles of their merchant
shipping, and of their vast utility in protecting thein in
the winter season against the ice, (which, it seen.*, floats
ulKlUt in such large masses that, heretofore, those ol'
large dimcnsioni were generally under tho necessity of
going up to the anchorage in the Rupel branch of Ihf
river, seven miles above Antwerp,) prevailed ; and it was
conceded !c the town that these two fine basins should
not 1)1! lesl'oyed.
All the fortifieafiors, the slorehouscs, the smilherie«,
ro|)e-hoUhe, and other buildings connected with the dork-
yard e^tabli»hment, were destroyed, but the citadel was
siilfcred to remain untouched. Since the establishnifiil
of Antwerp as a naval port by Bonaparte, nineteen bail
of the line and thirteen frigates had been put upon llu
stocks ; and between four and five thousand artificers of
dilVerent descriptions were employed in tlie doekyardn.
He hail eiiinpuled, a very lillle time before his fall, that
ten sail of the line might he launched every year. Il
was boasted of, as a great feat, that a thirty-six gun fri-
gale bill! been completely finished in one month, with tlir
assistance of the galley slaves lo snw the timber. 'I'ln'
artificers, (or tlie most part, were soldiers, and tlicir |kiv
was made up to three francs per doy. The timltcr wai
generully brought by water tiom the ncighbourhund o''
Tournay and (icmappe ; etch piece was lashioncd in llie
forest lo the shape and purpose fiir which it was intend
I'd. 'I"he cannon and lieavy iron work were sent from
the founderies of Liege. To make this naval arseiul
eoinplele, it was intended to eonslruet dry docks at llic
head of the Inner or large basin, the wall of wbicli, «t
that part, still remains unfinished, nr rather, that line of
the basin was originally left without masonry. The ri.«
and full of the lide, which is from fourteen to sixteen ffft,
is highly favourable for the lonstruclion of dry docks, of
whii'li, coiivenieiit as they are, and consiili red with ui u
indls|)cnsalilc, there is but one or two, at the most, in all
Holland; the vast expense, fVoni the nature of the soil,
and the lotal want ol stone and other material in thai
coimlry, having probably del' rred them from such iin
ilirlokiiigs. It is KuppoHiil ti„. a dock for the rcfeptinn
of a seveiitv-foiir gun ship emihl not be constructed, in
any part of HoIIhikI, or even nt Antwerp, for so little u
one himilred lliousaiid pounds.
The mnsonrv of the two basins here nihiiled to is virv
fine, the walls Isiiig live fiet thick, exclusive of the liinil-
ers. The wlioh' of the works executed nt Antwerp hi
the Fruiiuh is uiid to hxvo cost tliem two millions stn
ling.
A TOUR TIIKOUGH SOUTH HOLLAND.
f)9
L- ships of war then at
e stocks, were — after
d, prior to its iiicor|x)-
l)ecn given up to tlic
so that his most Chris,
ds, and the Dutch, in
mining third; all those
thin a specified time,
hing belonging to the
oyed. Commissioners
:id demolition, amongst
c surveyor of the Bri.
bllows, viz :
9
c, and
3 stocks,to be broken up.
t, in trust,
e.
immunition, were also
I other naval stores, the
;ded two millions ster.
of Antwerp, which Bo.
:is and spent so mueh
ad occasioned so mucii
g finished, it next be-
ulitiun of the two fine
vc been no easy mailer ;
uld have rendered thrm
lut the larger of the two
four sail of the line, and
; rcprcsentutions of the
eir being suflered to re-
iclcs of tlieir merchant
' in protecting Ihcm in
, (which, it seen...-, floats
lat, heretofore, tliosc ol'
[ under the necessity ol'
Kuprl branch of the
prevailed ; and it was
tine basins should
I
•d.
f,)
two
nuFcs, the smilheriet,
nocled with the (look-
but the citadel nai
V the establishment
onaparle, nineteen bail
had been put upon tlu'
thousand artificers of
ycd in tlic dnckyoritii.
me before his full, that
Miched every year. Il
t n thirty-six gun fri-
ill one month, with tlu
law the timber. 'I'l
soldiers', and tlicir imy
day. The timlier wai
the neighbourhood o''
was fashioned in llie
which it was intend
work were sent from
ke this naval arsenal
ruel dry docks at IIh'
le wall of which, «t
or rather, that line of
it masonry. The rise
urieen to sixteen feel,
rlion of dry docks, of
eonsidi red with us »
vo, nt the most, iu al!
le nature of the soil,
Iher material in lliai
them from such iin
lock for the ret eplion
(il Im' eonslructed, in
twerp, fur so little u
|ere alluded to is vorv
I .xelusive of the liiiiil
I'Uted nt Antwerp b>
liii two millioiiN slrt
*> The great object of these two basins was the security
of the Hcet against the floating masnesof ice in the river,
during the winter, wiicre it is utterly impracticable for
jarge ships, such as those of tlic line, to remain in any
thing like security.
Before they were ready for the adiflission of the ships
that had liecn built, 've understood that twelve sail of the
line were sent into winter quarters in the Rupcl branch
,of the river, where, by due precautions of stockades, &,c.,
they escaped without much damage. But no part of the
'Sclieldt affords safe anchorage for large vessels in the
winter season.
Even the roadstead of Flushing is at all tinies a wild,
txposed anehorage for ships, being ojien entirely to the
North Sea, which, in bad weather, rolls in with great im-
aetuo,sity. Vast sums of money have been expended at
that port to render the defensive works, as they tliought,
'impregnable. The magnitude of our liust expedition,
, jioivever, alarmed them ; and it is said that no less than
' five mines were laid, to spring the dykes and inundate
•the place, if they found it untenable. Fortunately, liow-
vever, for the people of Flushing, we found it more convc.
nient to seek for shelter in the Roonipol, and content our-
•elves with the possession of the agreeable capital of_ tlie
bland, Middelburg, which was assailed and tiiken from
another quiirtcr. Flushing, however, did not entirely cs-
cape ; and tiie inhabitants say that the mischief done to
them by the Knglish, was not made good at a leas ex-
pense than twenty-four millions of francs, or about a mil-
jTion sterling ; which, in its present desolate and neglected
e-coiidition, may bo considered about the purcliase nioiicy
jof the fee-simple of the town. Still, it was fortunate to
i^ave escaped with so little damage ; for »vhcii the bom-
i^bardincnt took place, about one hundred and twenty
Jtouses were set on fire ; and, on the evacuation of the
llsland, all the public works of Flushing, the arsenal, the
tiasiii, the ships of war, the careening wharf and pits, and
he storehouses in the dockyard, were either blown up or
ifcurnt, or otlierwise destroyed. The Dutch were, ulti.
anateiy, in some decree, avenged of this work of destrue.
jtioii, by the drcadhil havoc which the Walcheren fever
■jmade among our olficers imd troops.
,; The Seluldt, it r ust Iv admitted, is a magnificent
.i'liver, and capable ol receiving comnKxIious naval cstab-
Vlishments in v.irious parts of its cDurse. Terncuse, in-
' d.ed, on its Icfl bank, has been considered as preferable
^'to .'Vntwerp, in many points of view, for a naval arsenal ;
wiand, among others, on account of its proximity to the
\ mouth of the river, and of the depth of water, which is
^ suflicicnt to admit ships of the largest size to lie there
with all their guns and stores on board, ready at any iiio-
I ment to put to sea, which is not the ease with regard to
I Antwerp. Bonaparte was fully aware of this adviuitage,
% and had some intention of removing the naval estahlish-
3 ment from Antwerp to Terneuse. \ plan to this elfeet
]i was proixised, which he is said to iiave seized with eager-
I ncss ; it contained, among other things, a basin that would
% hold sixty sail of the line, from whence they might put to
I sea at once, fully equipped in every res|)ect.
1 Fortunately lor the world, and for Great Britain in par-
j ticular, his career was cut short in that very imrtion of
I Europe, where he bail long cherished his magnificent
J plans for our destnu-tion 1
J The demolition of Antwerp, and llie transfer of ship
^ building, anil artificers, and coimnerce, to the iiorts of
']; Holland, was one of the hivivicst blows that could, in re-
■j: cent times, have been inflicted on the inhiibitants of the
* foniiiT ; and yet we observed no exlernal symptoms of
" dee ly in any part of the town ; the houses were all in-
hahiled, and kept in high order i the jieople hustling and
eherrriil ; the Bourse daily crowded and noisy ; the shops
well slocked, and every apiM'arance of an active trade
currying on. This city imist, indeed, from its advaii-
t,i(;i'i)us |H)silion, always command a very considerable
inliiid tradi", inde|H'iiilenl of what is carried to it by the
Sriielill ; and, ns far as ap|M'arances weol, we certainly
did iiol observe any visible signs of povcrly among llie
inliabitantn. The market.) were most abundantly sup-
plied with all the necessaries of lile, and at a cheap rate
— cheap as compared with the rale of wages, anil not
merely as compared with the prices of similar articles in
England. The eominoii people are remarkably well
clothed ; and fVoin their quiet and |i|aeid Is'haviour, a
•tranger would judge them to lie eonlenled ami happy.
It cannot foil to occur to the miiid of an Fnglishnian,
while visiting Antwerp, that if we were In reverse the
caw, and snpiKww^ it to have Im'cii n [Mirt of England which
had siillVred llie iiijurv, as well as llie indignity, of hav-
ing mil' of its principal dockyards blown up, and its Heel
(wrlilioneil and carried away ehietly by tiir i«id of that
very saino jicuplo who come in shmils to visit the country
I
and take up a residence among them, how very ditTcrent
a feeling would have prevailed among, and how very dif-
ferent a reception the destroyers would have ex|)erieuced
from our countrymen ! for, although we were the cfiief
instigators of the blow tliat crushed the very sources of
their prosperity, we did not learn, and certainly did not
experience, that the citizens of Antwerp ever manifested
the least ill will or incivility towards tlie numerous Eng-
lishmen that have since visited tlieir port : they ascribe,
as in justice they ought, the whole of tlieir misfortunes
to the French.
There are several very fine old buildings in Antwerji,
of a [Kculiar style of architecture, and the houses in ge-
neral exhibit every possible f'aiiey in the shapes and oriia-
ineiits of their gable ends, many of which are extremely
picturesque ; but, with tile exjeptioii of the churches and
convents, and the Hotel do Ville, tliero arc few public
buildings tliat deserve mueh attention. This last men-
tioned ancient structure is situated in the Grand Place,
which, however, scarcely deserves the name of a square,
and is altogether inferior to another adjoining, called tlie
fiace Veil, which, from a churchyard, has been converted
into a handsome square, planted with trees and fenced in
by posts of blue stone and iron railing.
There is something imposing in tlie architecture, and
remarkable in tlie general apiiearance, of the Hotel de
Ville ; the central part of the front is cased entirely with
variegated marble, and ornamented with statues. The
whole fai;ade is little short of 3U0 feet. It was once burnt
down, and restored, as an inscription tells us, in 1581.
We were told that the public library, within tliis building,
was o()en every day from nine o'clock till four ; but the
extent and value of its contenta were not ascertained by
us — being unable to prevail on a cold phlegmatie Dutch-
man, the only guardian of the place, to admit us; so that
we did not see what little there is to be seon within this
externally imposing edilice.
We were more fortunate, however, in our visit to the
Museum of I'uinlings, in the suppressed convent of Be-
collets, lo wliich, though shut up from the public, during
the exhibition of pictures by modern artists, we, lieing
strangers, found no dilHcuhy of admission.
In this collection have been brought together many of
the Ix-st pictures which were nt one time in tlu^ several
churches and convents of the city ; and among them are
a few s|Mieiniens, that may be classed with the most [kt-
ect of the numerous iiictures painted by Bubens. 'I'lie
.Mii.seum consists of two great rooms. On the right side
of the first gallery is the celebrated painting of this artist,
' Christ crucified iK'tween the two thieves," universally
iieknowlcdged as one of the most magnificent specimens
iif art, both in design and execution, and generally es-
teemed among tlie first, if not the very first i>erfbrinance
of Kulx'ns.
The figure of Christ, " already dead," is that of a per-
son who lias departed in calm and tranquil repose, free
from all apiiearance of convulsive movement, and con-
trasts finely with the hideous distortions of the features
of the robber who reproached him, and who is evidently
writhing with agony ; and as the executioner, with a bar
of iron, is breaking his limbs, we see the convulsive
twiteliin';s of every part of his bmly, while the blood
trickles down from the foot he has torn from the cross, to
which it was nailed. But no pencil, except that of Kii-
bens, enuld have painted the heavenly countenance of the
iMagdalen, as she looks at the hoiseman pointing his
s|)car against our Saviour's siile. " It i,s," says Sir Joshua
Ueynolds, " by far Ihe most beautiful profile I ever saw
of HnU'iis, or, I think, of any other painter ; the excel-
lence of its colouring is beyond expression." It would
occupy too much space to describe the whole of this col-
led ion.
Ill the .Museum are also several good |)ictnre8 of Van
Dyk ; but after the eye has feasted on the brilliant colour-
ing of KntM'iis, they appear, to a mere amateur, and not
one of the cognoscenli, cold and spiritless. There are
two or three crucifixions by this master, a Pitta, as it is
called, being the dead Christ on the knee of the Virgin,
and a few portrait.". That, however, in which Christ is
expiring on the Cross, and Catherine of Sienna embracing
it, while Saint Dominic is standing in an attitude of con-
templation, is esteemed, as it ought to Ix-, a sublime
coinposilion, heightened as it is by the dark and agitated
appi'aram'e of the elements in the back ground. This
pielure formerly Is-longed to the nuns of the order of Si.
Dominie. Then- is also a fine |)orfrait by Van Dyk of
Cnisar Alexander Scnglia.
Of artists of less note there are several good pictures,
— some by Seghers, .Jordaens, Old Frank, Martin de Vos,
Breughel, Pniirbiis, ("oxte, and other Flemish tnastrrf.
AVc had not lim^ nor, indeed, much inclination, after
feasting on the rich productions of the old masters in the
two galleries of the Museum, to bestow much attention
on the pictures of living arti.sts which were now exiiibiting
ill two other galleries ; in addition to which was a room
appropriated lo statuary figures, at the end of tliat on tlie
left of the entrance.
There ap|)cared, however, to be many very respectable
performances ; and what was sufticienlly encouraging to
the progress of art, the rooms were crowded with specta-
tors. It is not improbable, from the numerous collections
that have been made, and are still making, by individuals,
that Antwerp is once more likely to become the scat of
the arts for the encouragement of the painters of the
Netherlaiuls. 'J'he contest will be between this place and
Brussels ; but tlie advantage is on the side of Antwerp,
from its )X)ssessing the greatest number, and the finest
s|)ccimcns of the first artist that adorned his native coun-
try, the celebrated Rubens.
'l"he Cathedral of Notre Dame, even if it were not in
|)ossessioii of the chef-d'mnvire of this great master, can-
not fait to invite the curiosity of protostant travellers.
(Jur i:ext visit was to this fine building, whiac magnifi-
cent towers are justly reckoned among the first which
exist in the world ; or, more correctly speaking, the tower
which is surmounted by a spire ; for though there are
two precisely alike, yet only one of tlieni is completed,
by having a lofty spire rising from its summit, and
making the whole height to be about four hundred and
fifty feet, to which may lie added fifteen feet more for tho
height of the shaft on which the cross is placed. It is
said, indeed, by some of the guide-books to lie five hun-
dred feet. The massive tower may reduce the aiipear-
aiicc of its height, and deceive tl.e eye; but it certainly
docs not ajipear to exceed four hundred feet to the pinna-
cle of the cross. The spire is light and elegant, and of
the same class as that of Strasbourg and the Town-I.all
of Brussels. This noble edifice is said to have taken
nearly u century in completing, being commcneed under
the direction of an architect of the name of Appclmans
in 14"J2, and finished in 151H. One of the towers is fur-
nished with a fine set of chimes or carillons, the largest
hell of which is said to weigh sixteen thousand pounds.
'I'hc interior of Notre Dame fully corresponds in gran-
deur with the exterior. From the great door which is
between the two towers, or in oilier words, from the lower
extremity of the nave to the op|)Osite end, behind tho
great altar, the dimensions are given ns follows : — 'J'he
length five hundred feel ; the breadth two hundred and
thirty ; and the height three hundred and sixty feel. Of
the accuracy of the last dimension there may be some
doubt ; and tlie length appears to be somewhat exagge-
rated.
The columns which support the arcades arc not to be
classed, in point of Iwauty, with those of York Cathedral,
nor those even of Westminster Abbey ; but what may lie
wanting in elegance, or grandeur of design, is amply
compensated by the high order and the perfect state of
neatness in which every part of the church is kept, and
in the beauty of the decorations. The grand altar is a
chaste piece of architecture, designed by Rubens ; and
facing it, at the lower end of the nave, is a portico of
ight cohiinns, which support the loft in which the organ
is ]ilaccd, equally chaste and In'aiitiful.
'I'lie pulpit is a fine piece of carved wood, lulioriously
and admirably executed by Verbruggen. It is supported
by four figures as large as life, hand-in-hand ; and tiie
railing of the stciis and other parts are surmounted by
birds of various kinds, some of which exist in nature, and
others are imaginary ; but Ihe whole of the workmanship
is exquisitely beautiful. All the confes donals are fronted
with upright figures of different characters, and in difl'er-
ent attitudes, all of them highly expressive of the mean-
ing which the sculptor intended to convey.
In Ihe several eha|H'ls arc various pieces of sculpture
in marlile, and paintings by Van Baelen, Dicpcnbeck,
Backer, Otto Veiiius, and others; and in one on the right,
as we descended from the choir, is a beautiful piece of
sculpture in marble, representing Christ crucified. But
the most precious and valuable treasures which Notre
Dame contains, are two pictures of Rubens, one of which
is considered as the rhef.it'aurit of this great master.
It is the celebrated " Descent from the Cross," which, of
all the numerous works of Rubens, maintains tlie pre-
eminence.
Sir .loshua Reynold* has recorded his disappointment
on first seeing it — not, however, at Iho picture itself, so
much ns Ihe manner in which it has bi-en misused by
cleaning, botching, and varnishing. Tliis is no doubt
true ; but placed where it is, in a very indilTerent and
cross light, it will require a skilful and a practised ryo to
detect it. He considers the Christ " as one of the Anrrt
+ ,♦■■
■<m
70
A TOUR THROUGH SOUTH HOLLAND.
I '■■<■
figures that ever was invented ;" adding, that " the hang-
ing of the head on liis shoulder, and the fuIHng of the
IxSy on one side, give sueli an appearance of the licavi-
ness of death, that nothing can exceed it." He admits,
likewise, that two of the three Marys have more beauty
than Uubens generally l)cstowcd on female figures. It
would be ridiculous as well as presumptuous to dispute
tlie taste and judgment of Sir Joshua Reynolds ; but we
certainly all agree to go much further than this i|ualificd
praise he has bestowed on this wonderful production,
and to pronounro that female figure on whose shoulder
Ihe foot of Clirist appears to bo renting, to be possessed
of one of the sweetest and most heavenly countenances
that ever was produced by the pencil of man ; and the
young woman by her side, who is looking up to C'lirist
with intense anxiety, as not nmeh inferior.
It was said by some English critic, that the women of
Rubens were like Flanders mares. It is truc,_tliat in
some of his large pictures, such as the " Rape of the Sa-
bines," and some others, the female figures are not of the
most elegant or delicate shape, or the most lovely fea.
tures ; but in the figures in the picture in question, and
indeed, in all his productions in the Museum of ^Viitwerp,
lie has amply redeemed this fiiult
The great mass of light in this picture proceeds from
the white sheet, which. Sir Joshua says, was a bold at.
tempt, and which few hut Rulxjns would have ventured
on, for fear of hurting the colour of the flesh; but he docs
not notice, what many will think detracts somewhat from
the dignity and solemnity of the subject, the vulgar though
natural mode in which the figure, leaning over the cross,
takes the sheet in his teeth, in order to have both his
hands at liberty to assist in lowering down the body.
On the left of the nave of the cathedral, in proceeding
towards tlie choir, and as a companion to the " Descent,"
is anotlicr eelebr;ited picture by Rubens, of the " Eleva-
tion of the ("ross." Tliis we did not see, a ladder being
(ilaccd against the doors that concealed it, for the purpose
of cleaning the frames, and varnishing the outside pie-
tures, against the grand fete that was to be held at Ant-
werp the following month, preparatory to which all the
rlmrclies of this city were undergoing the process of
painting and cleaning ; bnt the picture in question is re-
presented by Sir Joshua Reynohls as one of this artist's
" best and most animated compositions." On the out-
side of the wings are painted, " St. Catherine with a
Fworil, and St. Eloi attended by a female Saint and An-
gels."
The church of St. James, even if it were not for the
pplcndid picture of Ilubens, would be of superior in-
terest in every rcs|iect to the Cathedral. It is filled in
every part with wcll-exeeuled sculpture and paintings
of ffrcat merit, thouffh not of the highest class.
The exterior of St. James's Church is by no moans
undeserving of notice. Tho tower is finely marked by
bold projections; and, though not belonging to any par-
ticular class of architecture, will dosorvcdly attract the
traveller's admiration.
The only other church, worthy of notice, is that of
St. Paul, ibrmerly belonging to tho Dominicans. In
some respects, the ornamental part of this church is not
inferior to tho preceding. Against tho columns of the
navo are placed Ihe statues of Ihe twelve apostles; six
on each side, rather of a colossal size, but very well
executed. Tho ningnificont altar-piece in the choir,
with its marble crdunins and various scnipture, is the
woik of Verbruggen, as is also the niarblo statue of St
Paul which faces it.
Wo happened to visit Si. Paul's at tho time of high
mass, and tho eircet was very remarkable. The clinir is
separated from the nave and the side aisles by a screen,
liM the high altar is visible only Ihringh a groat ureh
bolwecii it and tho nave. A high (liglit of steps lead>
up to the altar.
The clTecl was quite theatrical. The platform befori
thp altar at tho top of the steps ; tho magniflceiil can-
delabra, with lights liiirniiig in then.; tho splciidiil
dresses of thcolHciatiiig priests ; their a(ili(ity and rapid
movement up and down the steps; tho ringing of the
bull, and thr elevation of the host, seen, as it ap|)cared.
at an imnuinsc distance through the centre arch, anu
lingo oleander shrubs in full flower ranged on each
Bide, — had really the efl'drt of a scenic representation,
which was not diminished by tlio poaliiig organ, the
band of mUKie, and the vocal iiecompaniineni, which
landed to keep up to admiration tho jtu dr iliiutre.
Tho ina^s Is ing ended, the congregation, consisting
cliiofly of women, and, by far the greater number, wo-
men uf u certain ago, wore entoi taincd with a coneorl
of vocal and iiLitruinintuI music iii aid of the organ,
which is considered by the people of Antwerp the very
first instrument of the kind in all Brabant, and is, at all
events, unquestionably a very fine and powerful organ ;
yet a regular band of wind and stringed instruments was
stationed in the organ-loft to assist in tho perfornmnec.
They played, as we were told, an overture of Mozart.
after which some light pieces, which did npt appear to
be exactly suited to the solemnity of the place ; but tho
object evidently was to please the audience, while the
elderly ladies, in particular, were crowding round one
of the inferior priests to kiss some relic, which he held
in one hand, and wiped with a cloth carried in the other
every kiss that this precious article, whatever it might
be, received, before it was presented to the next. But
this process went on in rapid succession, while, in the
mean time, tho tin boxes w.'.re passing round to collect
tho grotscn, cents, or stuyDers, from the pool people who
had thus been favoured with a holy kiss. On hearing
tho lively music, anfi the cflecl it produced, one could
not help tl'inking '.hat Whitfield was not far wrong
when he ans-vuied some of his flock, who objected to
tho introduction of lively tunes into his chapel, that he
did not see why the devil should be allowed to run
away with all the good ones.
VVithout intending to speak slightingly of any reli-
einn, which has for its object the adoration uf the
Deity, or being fastidious as to the forms and cere-
monies which may be thought necessary to impress
the public mind with tho duly and necessity of assem-
bling together, for tho purpose of joining in public
worship ; and fully agreeing with the poet that,
" For modi's orfiiitli lot zealous bluiilB fljht;
His caii'l liu wrong whose lii'e Is In tlic right,''
we still thought that the exhibition at St. Paul's ap-
peared to outstep the bounds of decorum, by converting
into a display of levit}', not to say mockery, whai was
intended to be an act of solemnity.
Evelyn speaks with rapture of " delicious shades and
walks of f lately trees, which render the fortified works
of Antwerp one of the sweetest places in Europe."
Since his time, too, we have licaid of shady walks, and
the groves and pleasure-houses within and without the
walls; but they have all vanished; and it will require
some years longer belbre the tra"eller can speak with
delight on things of this kind. The inflexible Carnot,
who was intrusted with the defence of tho place, laid
all around it bare ; and the young trees, that have since
been planted, are something about the size of those
which are intended to form the grand mall in the Re-
gent's Park, London.
The trees, however, have been replanted, and even
the rising generation may perhaps enjoy the benefit of
iheir shade. The Quay, at present, seems to bo the
best promenade; and when these trees have attained
ten or twelve yeurs' growth, it will then form a hand-
some walk by the side of the Scheldt.
CHAPTER ir.
FROM A.NTWKRP TO ROTTEaOAM.
The most convenient, as well as tho most expeditious
mode of proceeding from Antwerp to Rotterdam is by
the steam boat, which, during the summer months,
starts daily, at a certain hour, from either port, regulated
by the state of the tide. Tho Buniowlmt circuitous
route among the islands, cannot make the ilist:.nce
much loss than eighty miles, which, in our case, were
])crformcd in ten hours; having left Antwerp at nine in
the morning, and landed on the Quay of Rotterdam at
seven in the evening.
Our follow passengers were not far short of a hun-
dred. English, Dutch, Gcrmans,NorwegiaiiK,nnd .Anicri
cans; the ladies nearlj' as numerous as the gentlemen
\ good substantial dinner was provided at a (iriee
roasonable < noiigh ; wo had dolightfiil weather, the
water smootli, every body in good humour; and the
navigation among tho islands was not only pleasant,
but lull of interest; the ingenious and laborious works
of tho industrious Hollanders meeting the eye, in every
jiossiblo contrivance, !■> savu their lundi andliubitations
from the inroads of tlu' aca.
Among the various people of European najions ns.
sembled in the steamer, every person, with tho excep-
tion of two French ladies, rqioke intelligible Eiiglisli.
The steward had boon n prisoner of war in England,
and entered into tho British army ; was sent to the
Capo uf (>nod liopn, where ho was wounded in a
skirmish with the Kulfers; and, lhoU|{h young ai«l
healthy, had the good furtiino tu enjoy a pension tijr
lile from Chelsea Hospital. He was one of the many
thousand foreigners, who, perfectly able to maintain
themselves, are mainly supported by the bounty of
Great Britain ; and it would seem but reasonable, when
certain gentlemen in the house of commons are grudg-
ing tho pittance Of half.pay to officers of the British
army, those of the German Legion, many of whom are
serving in the arn:ics of their respective stales, should
be the first to undergo a reduction, more especially
when it is considered that ten shillings on the continent
is equivalent to twenty iu England.
Tho course pursued from Antwerp is down the
Scheldt, in the first instance, as far as Batz ; then
through the narrow channel close to the edge of the
extensive, sand, along the eastern side of South Bcvc-
land, which is the Verdionken, or sunken land; tini
channel of dcc|)est waV'r, which is shallow enough, is
here marked off by lull bronchcs of trees, continuing
for a long way, and uiiiil tho fortress of Bergen-op-zoom
\* passed at a considerable distance to tho right. We
next enter the long and narrow channel of Tholcn;
Ihrough the Volk Uak into the Flakke and Holland's
Diep. After this the steamer enters another narrow
channel, more resembling an artificial canal than an arm
of the sea, and it continues nearly of an equal width as
far as Dordrecht or Dort, being seldom more than from
fifty to sixty yards wide. It has no visible artificial
embankments, but both its sides, apparently on a level
with the water, are thickly clothed with tall reeds.
Yet in this narrow channel were lying at anchor a
long range of square-rigged vessels, Dutch, Americans,
and Norwegians, at least from two to four hundred
tons burthen, but not a single English ship among them ;
a fact that was noticed with a sort of triumph, as
indeed well it might, by a young American ofiicer, who
was one of the passengers, and who siifl^red none of
his country ships to be passed without calling the at-
tention of the passengers to the stripes and stars.
These vessels were laden chiefly with slaves, lumber,
tobacco, and other articles of American growth and
produce.
Very little population had hitherto been seen along
the shores of the islands : but on approaching Dort, the
scene began to change; collages and workshops of
various kinds skirled this narrow navigation close to
tho water's edge; and here and there a neatly painted
house was seen planted in tho midst of a garden. At
some little distance from Dort the unifoimity was re-
lieved, and the unvaried scene much cnlivoiied, by the
ap|)earaiice of some fil'ty or sixty windmills, — some
reckoned up near n hundred, — busily whirling round,
some employed in grinding corn, others in crushing
various kinds of seeds, chiefly rape, for their oil, some
in the preparation of ;mutf, but by far the greater
nuuiber in s-iwiiig wood. The reedy banks of the
channel had now given way to little patches of garden
ground in front of these mills, the lower part of which
were generally very neat inhabited dwellings; their
roofs, and also the sides of the mills above the habitable
part, were mostly thatched with reeds, in a very neat
manner, and so contrived that nothing but the points
were vi^slblc, which gave the ap|ioarance of their being
covered 'vith a brown rough coatof sand or pebbles, but
at a little distance this covering rrsjiiiblcd the skin ufa
mole.
Now also wo had on both sides of thin navigable
channel, which from Dort to Rotterdam may be con-
viilercd as the united branches of the Rhine and tho
-Meuse, numerous small establishments of ahi, and boat
builders, smull villages, and now and then a gentleman's
house and pleasure grounds. The confluence of the
two streams ut Dort had conhidorably enlarged tho
navigable channel, which here takes the name of tho
AlaaH, Mild retains it till it reaches the sea, having firbt
pnssid Rotterdam, Di'lfshavrn, and the Biille. A little
:ib-ive Rotterdam we ubserved, nmong other shippinj;
that were at anchor, one of the most extraordinary, and
it will probably turn out one of the most useless, and it
may bo added, dangerous, vessels that ever was sent
upon tho ocoi'u. A friend of ours had the curiosity \i
go on board, and ascertain tho parlieulurs of her size
and construeiion. She was a steam bont, named tho
Vtlas,and intended for liatavin. Her length measurrd
two hundred and l'il\y fret, breadth thirty eight feet,
and he. cnlciilated liurlhen nine hundred and fifty tons,
she had three cnj!ii.es, each of one hundred horse |)0Wtr|
liiur masts, of which her foremast was so calculated ai
to carry a liire and aft sail, square lop-aail, topgallant-
tail, and studding..''ailH, The lo|Hiail-yard was seventy-
lour Icot long ; tho other three niusla were rigged alikti
Ifat rat
niielf K
&ind
^lelc
iitt bear
Al their
torowe
IdOn la
«ptel
teiplelt
aoodc at
He same
lkrnishc(
gpod, an
M snow
Wut thrc
Mid it
A TOUR THROUGH SOUTH HOLLANU.
'\
as one of the many
ly nble to maintain
i by the bounty of
but reasonable, when
commons are grudg.
Hcors of the British
1, many of whom are
peclivo states, should
ion, more especially
ings on the continent
twerp is down I lie
1 far as liutz; then
I to the edge of the
side of South Bcvc-
)T sunken land ; th«
8 shallow enough, is
of trees, continuing
;g of Bergcn-op-zoom
•e to the right. We
channel of Tholcn;
'Iakk6 and Holland's
iters another nariow
iai canal than an arm
of an equal width us
Idem more than from
I no visible artificial
apparently on a level
;hed with tall reeds.
B lying at anchor a
s, Dutch, Americans,
two to four hundred
ish ship among them ;
sort of triumph, as
American officer, wlin
who suffered none of
ithoul calling the at-
ic stripes and stars.
with staves, lumber,
mcrican growth and
crto been seen along
ipproaching Dort, the
as and workshops of
iw navigation close lo
here a neatly painted
dst of a garden. At
uniforniily was re-
h enlivened, by the
ty windmills, — some
iiiily whirling round,
others in crushing
I, for their oil, some
by fur the greater
reody banks of the
le patches nf garden
lower part of which
:d dwellings; their
above thcTiabit.iblc
•eeds, in a very neat
thing but the pointn
ranee of their being
sand or pebbles, but
jniblcd the skin ofa
s of this navigable
erdttui may bo con-
thc Kliine and the
Jnts of shi, and boat
I then a gentleman's
I confluence of the
iriilily enlarged tlio
^H the name of the
the sea, having firbt
the Ihille. A little
loijg other shipping
: extraordinary, ami
most useless, and it
that ever was sent
had the curiosity u
tieulurs of her size
ni hont, named tlio
Jer length nieasured
Ih thirty eight feel,
pdroU and fifty ton*.
litidred horse [lower;
Jvus BO ealuulutcd ai
llnp-sail, topgallant.
|l-yard was seventy-
> were rigged alik«i
,th firo and all sails, and gaff topsails; lier dec'- was
,«cribod ns riHing considerably from the bow anc' storii
iwards the centre, which gave her the appeura 'cc of
Ing hoiijiod ; and this, the engineer said, was purpo.sely
ne to eii^blo her to bear the weight of the engines
Ihout breaking ; but he expected they would bring
r deck to a level. It would probably not stop tlicrc,
Ifat rather sink it to an inverted arch, and the ship
Haelf to tiie bottom of the sea. if any person can he
Bund careless enough of his life to carry her out upon
^t element. She is wall-sided, and appeared to Imvo
STboaringon the water. The Dutch, havinc no name
Ift their own language for steam, but ruik or damp, have
Wrowed one from us, and called this kind of vessel a
Wum-houl ; the Germans have named it u Damf-fchiJ.
,'<(0n landing on the quay of Rotterdam, we found the
Hbtel des I'ays-bas, a large and moat excclloiit house,
plelely full, which compelled us to take up our
le at the New Bath Hotel, a much inferior onu on
same quay. The house was small and indiflbrently
.nishcd; but the most essential part, the bedn, were
lod, and the linen, both for them and the table, while
M snow. This article the traveller will find clean and
■tut throughout Holland, Prussia, and the Nulherland.s.
4l|id it may here bo added, that in no single instance
^re tvc disgusted or annoyed, notwithstanding the
||0at of the nights, with bug, Hea, gnat, or musquitn, in
apy part of our route, with the single exception of o
%u small gnats that had entered the open window at
Antwerp. This is the more surprising, especially in
£)lland, where so much stagnant water jirevails.
-■J^The landlord affected a taste for pictures, and showed
i§t one covered with a curtain in the dining room, fur
ich, he told us, an Englishman had offered him ten
lusand guilders, about 830*. The subject was St.
n in the Wilderness, by Mutillo, and ho said it was
t of the Orleans' collection.
All the luggage of the ninety or a hundred passengers
iSjks bundled on shore as fast as it could be got out, uiul
4pd on the quay at the same time. The night closing
5, it was not without reason that some of the party
fjiere npprehensive of the fine opportunity that was at^
0rded the Dutch porters to take advantage of, and excr-
Ssc their thieving propensities, at which, they had Icarn-
i^ from Marianne Starke's " Guide," they were uiicoiii-
Tkonly expert, and likewise much given to imposition.
•fc would bo but fair on the part of Marianne Starke (it
'djueh a person there be), or of her publisher (if it should
" a nom de guerre), to print in a note, as an act of iin-
_rtiality, and for the benefit of Dutcliinen who may
•avel in England, the following notification, which ap-
•t'ars in an English ncwspaiicr, that happened to be in
Hie steamer : — "■ Margate is very full of company, and
•lonty of pick|)ockets ; thieving i:4 so much the fashion
Jere now, that constables arc obliged to be stationed on
ic pier during the time of landing the passengers ; and
is quite impossible to frcciuent public places, without
protecting guard." With regard .o ourselves, it is but
slice to say that every article, great and small, belong-
_ jr to seven persons, was carefully lodged in the hotel,
Slough nearly dark ; and that the porters, so far from
tractising or attempting im|)osition, lofl the remuncra-
on for their trouble entirely to ourselves, only observ-
fcg, with a smile, that it w,i8 now kermis, or lair time ;
fi iiiiieh as to say, " I hope your honours will give us a
•illc to drink." When wo call to mind Iho d lily reports
Joni the several police oflices of thieving, 'obbing,
ket picking, house breaking, and swindling, we have
t much to boast of English honesty over thai of lb.
igners.
ROTTERDAM.
,\ smooth flowing river, as large .is the Thames at
cstminster, and thrice its depth, liordered on the one
Ide opposite to the town with a high green sloping bank
panted with trees, and on the town sine with a nolilc,
ninterrupted qu.iy, of at Kiast three fnurtlis of a mile
1 extent ; ond on this quiiy a long lino of fine old elm
ees, of some centuries' growth, yet still in full vigour,
-such are tlm objects that, onTi|>proaeliing Uotti rdani
ky water, first strike the stranger's I'yc, anil, with the
Icveral tiers of ships along the whole extent of the
luay, are admirably calenlated to convey to his mind
fn impression of the wealUi anil importance of ttiis com'
nereial city.
'I'lie naiiii' given to this fine quay does not at nil corros
ond with its present deseriptinn. It is called HonmtjrK,
kr " the hitle trees," which, like the " new streets" of
lur towns, ore fri'<)uently among the oldest that are
uund therein. The " Boomfjcs" arc now fully riual in
size to the largest trees in St. James's Park, having been
planted in the year 1(>15.
It is not very difficult to give a general idea of Rotter,
dam ; but the cfll-ct which is altogether produced on a
stranger, who, for the first time, has visited a Dutch city,
is not so easily to be conveyed. The ground plan of tlie
city is that of a tri;mgle, the base being the quay we
have mentioned, stretching along tlic river, in its whole
length about a mile and a quarter, according to the plan,
the central jiortion of which is the " Boomtjes," occupy-
ing, as lieforc said, about three quarters of a mile ; and a
|)cri>cndicular, drawn from it to the opposite extremity,
may be somewhat less than a mile. Through tlie middle
of most of the strcet.s run.? a straight canal, bordered by
large, lofty, and he.ilthy trees,— oaks, eliiis, and lime
trees, chiefly the latter ; and all these canals are, or at
least were, crowded with shipping of every conceivable
size and form. They are crossed by numerous draw-
bridges, which, mixed with the shipping, t!ie trees, and
the houses, have a very picturesque cfleet. Between the
trees and each of the cana.,- is the quay, which is of a
width sufficient for shipping, landing, and receiving nil
articles of merchandise ; and within the row of trees is
the paved street for carts, carriages, and horses; and be-
tween this again, and extending close to the fronts of tin'
houses, is a paved footpath of bricks, or clinkers as they
are called, set edgeways, which, like our trottoirs, are for
the sole use of foot passengers, but, unlike ours, are not
raised above the level of the street. It will readily be
iin.agined, that in these canal streets, with all the shipping,
tliere will be an incessant bustle.
The houses are generally on a large scale, and lofty ;
in many of the streets they arc really elegant. But be.
longing, as they do, chiefly to merchants and tradesmen,
their work-houses or magazines arc sometimes on the
ground floor, and frequently extend for behind, while the
family is contented to inhabit the upper stories. With all
this, however, nothing can exceed in cleanliness every
part of the exterior of those houses. Here we observed,
as in Antwerp, that the women were constantly employed
in washing the walls, the doors, the window shutters, and
windows, by me-ins of small pump engines, or with pails,
mops, and serubhiiig brushes; and, when e iigiigeil in this
operation, they are seldom deterred from pursuing -their
task of brushing, scrubbing, or dashing water, by the
heaviest showers of rain that may happen to fii!!. In fact,
a Dutchman's house externally is as neat as (mint and
water can make it ; nor are they less neat and clean in
the interior. The floors, in general, are so rublMd and
(wlishcd aa scarcely to allow one to walk iqioii them with
safety.
There arc three principal canals, or r.itlier, from their
superior size and opening into the river, are e.illeil havens
or harbours. One of these, on tin western extremity of
the city, is named the Jienve Imven, and two others to-
wards the eastern extremity. Die old and new havens.
They are, strictly :;.eaking, three branches or creeks of
the Maas, communicating with each other and with the
various canals which intersect the town ; thus not only
affording a constant supply of water to the canals, but,
by the ebbing and flowing of the fide, keeping up a cir
culation ; and, like the arteries of the human body, con
veying to all the smaller branches a fresh supply of water,
and preserving it from lieeoniing stagnant and putrid. In
addition to this supply from the M.ios, is that of the river
Rotte, which descends through the very heart of the
town, contributing its portion to the replenishing of the
cinnls.
The old haven, near the extremity where it joins the
Mans, is too wide for a drawbridge, and is crossed, there-
fore, by a flat bottomed boat, which plies as a ferry.
The other havens and the canals have many draw-
bridges over tliem; and some have permanent stone piers,
with openings only in the middle to let the vessels pass
through with their iiiasts •landing.
It may he observed that, in general, each particular
species of merchandise has its nppropri.ite eoiial and
cpiay; niul following up fl'is principle, each of the eight
or ten market pi, ices has its own peeuliar nrlieh's forsiile,
as the hulter market, the cheese iimrket, the fish mar-
ket, fiv.
It is said that Rotterdam at present contains about
fifty Ihnusanil inhabitants, which is about one third part
less than in the days of its pros|HTily ; and it may lie
ilouhteil whether, with nil the apiienranee of briskness
and bustle, it is making iiiueh progn-ss towards the re.
covery of its f()rnier pros|)rrnus state : for though there
certainly were evident indications of an active conimeree
alwiut the quays, and the canals anil basins were crowd' ii
with shipping, most of Iheni Diileli hottoni", and evi-
Hently, from their state of cquipmcul, eng iged, or about
to lie eiignged, in traile; yit it was a remark we niaile,
in |>eranilmlating the town, th.;l none of us had noticed a
smgic additional liouse recently hiiill, or that was build-
ing, or even an eld one repairing, in any one of the streets;
and there are eerluinly not many .strei Is in I'olterdaiii
that we did nut, in our short st.iy, visit. The same obser-
vation will apply to the suburbs and their environs, at
least on the side wliieli fiiecs the direction of Amsterdam.
In fact, Rotterdam, like all the sea port tow lis of Ilol.
land, will yet require time to r guin its former state of
activit}' and prosperity. Ilefire thnt .rekless hour in
which the .sober-minded and cnlciilatin^ Dutchmi'n was
seized with the frenzy of Viyhdd t)i (Icli/kheiil, — litiery
and equality — which ended in driving away the (Jiiile
Sladtlioiidr, , and receiving irje fraternal eiiibraee of the
French; — that is to say, beliire the year ITil.'i, the nuiiiber
of ships that annually cleared out from Itotterdain is stated
to have been about one thousand nine hiinilred ; from thi;t
year to 1814, the number had dwindled down to something
less than two hundred. They have now again gradually
advanced to about one thonsnnd five himdred; and when
they shall have rem lied that point in the scale, from which
they ileseendeil, the citizens of Rnlierdam will |)robably
enee more build new houses, and renovate some of tho
once splendid eslahlishmenls, particularly those connected
with their East India trade and jinssessions, that havo
fallen into decay.
In the midst of their deereasing prosperity, however, it
d'K's not appear that nnv- of their charitable institutions
have been iieglectteil or abridged; and nbsorlied as tho
Dutch are generally supposed lo be, in the ways ond
means of aceumulatiiig " filthy lucre," they cannot justly
1)0 accused of any disinclination to relieve the distresses
of humanity, or lo promote the moral and intellectual ad-
vancement of their eountrymen. They have lliei • Bible
Societies and their Missionary Societies ; they have a So
eirty of Arts and Seienees, instituted for public benefit;
they have a Philosophical Society, which takes the name,
or rather adopts as its motto, the words " Variety nnd
harmony," — " Vrrsrhiidnihiit an Ornirnslniiminf; ;'' —
words tlinl, to an Eiiixlish ear, are not well calculated to
convey the idea of harmony. But there is still another
society for ex|Hnimental philosophy, with a name that al.
most friirhtens one to look nl, — " (iriiiml:>clinp run I'rnr.
fundfrriiidrli/kr Wi/xsrehierlr.'' Its objects are highly
imjiortant to society, but to this singular country in par-
ticular — the improvement of agriculture, navigation, hy.
draulics, and highways.
The piiblie biiihlings of Rotterdam are not particularly
striking. The ])orts or gates are nmonar the most remark,
able. The Exchange is a modern bnildinn', with a dome
in the eentri', and a turret at each end. The East India
House is a hirije [ilain building in the " Boomtjes." The
l^oiirt of Justice is a neat hnildiiig enough; nnd the
Schieland.liuis is, perhaps, the hanilsomest specimen of
areliiteeture in Rntterdam. On its fro'it are several pi.
laslers crowned with Corinthian eapitiils, and the pedi-
ment in the centre is filled with allegorical sculpture. It
was the house in which the eomniissioners for the regu-
lation and manngemeiil of dykes and canals hekl their
mei'tiiigs; and in it were lodged Napo'eon nnd Maria
Iiouisa when, in 1811, they made the tinr of Holland.
The India House and Custom House have nothing ru-
mnrknlile in their size or appearance.
To almost every house in Rotterdam, ind sninefimen
to every window of n lioiire on the first floor, there is
fixed a sinirle or double looking-glass or reflector, by
means of which a person in the room, sitting before the
window, can see by rellection the whole length of tho
street, the passengers, the frees, the canal, and the ship.
piii(r. When two of these reflectors are placed at right
angles, nnd the right angle pointed towards the window,
thus, A, a |)ersnn within directing the eye lo that angle
will see the whole street both to the right and to the left.
In tome of the towns of England one iiiiiy now and then
observe one of these refleeting glasses, wliith is generally
suppose. I to 1«^ intended to put the iidinbitant on his
iruard aa;;iinst unwelcome visiters, and on that nccnunt
they have lieen whiinsiciillv called diiiinriiiriiprf. In Rot-
lerdani they are universallv adopted for the nmusenient
of the Indies, more es|M'eiaIly those of the upper classes,
who nppenr hut seldom in the streets.
Wo were surprised nt first thnt so d'W shops were ob-
served in the principal strcet.s — in several of them none
whatever, fill we were infiirmed that in the Hnog street,
or Hiirh street, there were nothing but shops. This street
is so far singular, that it has no canal in it. It nms in a
ilireet line east nnd west, thrnugh the town, nnd may be
assimilated to the Strand in Tionilon, before itjt improved
stale, ns lo leiiirlh and breadth, nnd the number of its
••hop« ; hut the honse» in general arc fir superior to thofe
72
A TOVn THROUGH SOUTH nOLLAN0.
of the old Strand ; and when we passed through it, we
found the street nearly aa crowded and full of bustle as
,, tbf that of London ; but tliis was probably occanioncd by its
beinff the annual foir or Kcrmes.
This street, so diflfercnt from tlie rcsl, was built on a
ridge raised considerably above the others, Avliile narrow
alleys on either side had a regular descent from it.
Tlie some kind of street, we were told, was to be met
witli in most of the towns of Holland; and, indeed, we
found it to be so. Sometimes wo were led to conclude
that this elevated situation was owing to the accumulation
of earth that had been thrown out m dijjging tlie canals
in the streets parallel to it. Tliia, however, couhl not
have been precisely the case hero. The line of Iloog
street was originally the dyk or rampart that protected
the old town, to the northward of it, from tlie inunda-
tions of the Maoif, which then washed the foot of Uiis
rampart; and tliat the whole extent of the town between
it and the Maas, which is, in fact, the largest and best
portion of Rotterdam, stands on ground gained from the
water, and consequently much lower than the rampart
on which tlic Hoog street is built.
There is not much in Rotterdam, aller the first sight
of it, to attract the traveller's attention. The churches
in Holland have little to recommend them ; for here, as
in all countries where the reformed religion took root
and e.xpellcd Catholicism, the churches were stripped of
all their statues, pictures, and other decorations that were
profusely lavished on them by their former possessors.
The old Romish cathedral, at the upper part of Rotter-
dam, is a fine lofVy building, having a remarkably large
square tower, with bold projections, the picturesque effect
of which is increased by its unfinished state, the top ap-
pearing to be in a ruinous and crumbling condition. In-
ternally, with the exception of a few monument?, tliere
is little beyond the magnitude of the building itself to
attract notice. 'Ilie choir is fenced off from the great
aisle by a screen of bronze railing. The high altar, with
its former ornaments, its sculptures and paintings of
saints and angels, has wholly disappeared ; and a plain
pulpit usurps the place where the altar once stood, to be
used only for the celebration of marriages, and the ex-
amination and confirmation of catechumens.
To compensate in some degree for the absence of orna-
ment, an organ has recently been completed, which may
be claused among the first instrunK^its of the kind for
power and tone that are any where to be met with. The
gentleman who happened to be in the churcli when we
visited it, and who was one ot' its deacons or elders, as-
sured us that it contained five thousand five hundred
pipes : that the large diapason \i\\ni was thirty-two feet
high, and sixteen inches square.
The height of the ceiling he said was two hundred
feet; deduct from this the height of the portico or colon-
nade on which the organ stands, and tlio height of the
ornament between its summit and the ceiling, wliieli to-
gether did not appear to rxceod filly feet, and tlicre re-
miins one hundred and fifty feet for the height of Ihe
organ; it did not, however, appear so hiirh. It requires
tliree pair of bellows to supply it with wind. This gen-
tleman sent for tlic organisl, who played with several
Htops ; some of the tones were so deep and powerful us
to shake the lloor. Tlie hiiinnii voice stop i:'ays sweetly,
and in a chorus the tenor and treble are (K'culiarly soft
and melodious; and we imagined the resemblance of the
sounds to those of human voices to be very striking.
The Haarlem organ h.is generally been mentioned as
the largest in the world, but we were assured that this
of St. Lawrence was very considerably larger and more
|)owerful.
Every stranger, who takes up his abode in Rotterdam,
Miinks it right to pay a visit to the statue of Erasmus,
erected in the great market place, on the ci^ntre of an
arched bridge, and looking down the canal. It is of
lironze and almost black ; but we were told that for some
time atler it was first put up, it was Ihe rustom to make
it undergo an annual scouring, till it was quite bright,
and that the practice was only discontinued on those
who had the charge of it being satisfied that by such a
process they were destroying the benuty of the work-
manship and altering the features. The figure appears
intent on a book which ho holds open in both hands ; it
impresses one with the idea of a sober, sedate person,
jiint in that act and attitude which best would berome
the character of thai groat man which it was intended
to represent. On two of the »ide» of the pedestal arc
two long Latin inscriptioni, and on the other two sides
the same number in the Dutch language. His real name
In that language was Oerrit Oerritz, a cacophonous ap-
|X!l)ation, whioli ho appeiird to have felt was not exactly
cjteitlated to (lout smoothly down Ihe tlrcani of time,
beyond the precincts of his own country ; and he tlicre-
fore translated it into Latin and Greek terms of cognate
signification, and called himself Dcsiderius Erasmus,
We did not perceive that there was any thing remarkable
in the execution, either of the head and features, or of the
dra|>ery ; we thought it above mediocrity, but far below
what Chantry and Westmacott, Bailey and many others
at home have executed.
Not far from hence, in a narrow street without a canal,
stands the cathedral, which leads to the small house in
which tills learned man lived, and in a niche between
two windows in the upper tier, there is also placed a
small statue of him, under which is tliis inscription,
Hac est parva domus, mitgnus qua vatu$ Eraiinua. But,
alas ! to what vile uses may men's houses, as well as their
bodies, be turned I — this humble dwelling of Erasmus is
converted into a gin shop.
The stork, in its annual visits, for it is a bird of pas
sage, is never molested in Holland. It, therefore, does
not scruple to build its nest on the tops of trees in the
midst of towns and villages, on the towers of churches,
and even on the chimney tops. In our rambles through
the streets, some of our party happened to observe a flock
of these birds wheeling high in the air over our heads,
when a Dutch gentleman told us that, on the following
day or the day after, they would certainly take their
leave of Holland, being congregated for their departure ;
he said it had long been remarked that these creatures
knew precisely, and strictly kept, tlieir appointed days of
arrival and departure in and from Holland, which were
about tlie middle of Jb'ebruary and the middle of August,
within a very few days more or less. This is, in fact,
just what has been said of this bird in days of old, as we
learn from the book of Job, " The stork in the heavens
hath its appointed times." It is not exactly known to
what parts of the world they migrate from the northern
portion of Europe ; but they are common to Egypt, Pa-
lestine, Barbary, and tlie plains of Northern Africa ; —
why then, it may be asked, do they leave the food tliey
seem most to delight in — such as snakes, frogs, reptiles,
and insects — ^just at the time when they most abotmd ? —
and proceed to these sandy and barren countries, where,
it is true, snakes and lizards, and a few venomous rep-
tiles may be equally plentiful, but are, perhaps, the only
kind of Ibod which Holland afibrds. Perhaps tliey may be
|)osscssed of delicate appetites similar to our own, and
have discovered that, like some of our birds and fishes,
these aquatic animals of Holland are out of season in the
middle of August. The truth is, we know but little of
the real history of migratory animals, or of the cause for
their migration.
Fortunately for the stork, it is held as a sacred bird,
not only by the Dutch and Danes, but also in Asia and
.M'rica ; for different reasons, perhaps, in these differei;t
regions. In Holland, not so much for any service it may
be supimscd to render, in cleaning their dykes and ditches,
for the Dutch have no dislike whatever to frogs, — but
on account of the alleged filial affection of the young
birds for their parents. This trait was so well known to
the aiieients, that the stork became an emblem of filial
piety ; its English name, indeed, is taken from the Greek,
ind signifies natural aflVc linn.
A Danish author says that when the storks first make
their appearance in early spring, nothing is more com-
mon tinn to see many of the old birds, tired and feeble
with their long flight, supported oecaBionally on the
backs of the young ones ; and the peasants have no doubt
that they are laid carefully in those very nests, in which
the year before tliesc young ones had been nurtured.
Thus says the poet, —
" Thn fiioik'p nn rmblpm of line piely :
Hi>rnuEt! whfin atn> lins stizod and iiintle his ilnm
Uiilli for llipht, the prnloCiil yi>iiiig (in« inkci
His iiHiilHsr nn Iii^ljdck, provides hi'r f(Knl,
Iti'pnvinff Ihns hnr ti'niiei tare of tilni,
EiB he waafll lo fly."
The Dutch have Ihe character of being a grave and
sedate people, but they have also a great deal of dry hu-
mour and drollery about them, that is somclimes exceed-
ingly amusing ; and no people in the world are moii'
fond of social intercourse than tlicy are. On every side
of the eily of Rotterdam are tea-gardens, and houses of
entertainment, where the citizens meet to enjo^ them-
selves with various kinds of games, drinking tlieir wine,
tea, or cofl'ee, and smoking their pipes. They have also
their Vauxhalls and Almacks in the suburbs, and what is
still better, besides the societies already mentioned, they
have a very flouridhing one for the encouragement of
lileraturo and the firai arts. There is also a botanical
garden, which we regretted not having time to visit.
The kcrmes, ur annual fiiir, to whk'li pcopto of all de.
scriptions resort fi-om different ports of the country, wai
held at this time in various parts of the city ; and the
wider streets were filled with bootlis for the sale of trin.
kcts and children's toys, cakes, and gingerbread, with ill
manner of eating and drinking, tossing of pancakes, and
the same kind of cxhibitioni and amusements as ore seen
in one of our own country fairs of the better kind.
This annual festival had just commenced as we ar.
rived, and was to continue a Ibrtnijrht. All was cheer,
fulness and bustle ; but neither noise, nor tumult, nor
drunkenness incommoded the inhabitants in tlwir houses,
or the passengers in the streets. It was decent mirth,
quiet humour, and composed drollery.
We found some difficulty in getting admittance to tlic
dock-yard. It was necessary, we were told at the gate,
to have on order or a recommendation from Bome re.
speetable inhabitant ; but as the dock-yard was situaicd
at the extremity of the town, and our time was pressing,
we desired the porter lo take our cards to tlie Schvjit It]/
Naght, or rear-admiral, who was acting as the coinniii.
sioner, and whose name \'as De Reu.'. He immediately
gave an order that we should see every thing ; on which
the ofiieer who attended us seemed to lay great stress, u
a special mark of favour ; but we soon tound that this
" seeing every thing" was in fact to sec very little wortli
seeing. It consisted chiefly of three objects, which
seemed to be considered as the only "lions" that could be
interesting to a lai.dsman, and the only ones shown to
strangers, though it is more than probable tliere wu
nothing more to be seen than the nakedness of the land,
First, there was the armoury, in which the muskeli,
pikes, swords, pistols, and all the offensive weapons,
except the great guns, used in ships of war, are kept, in
bright order, and tastefully enough arranged. They arc
contained in two small rooms, and could not, at the most,
be more tlian sufficient for the supply of five or six sail
of the line.
The second object of exhibition wai a new steamboat
lying afloat in a canal, that was housed over, built ei.
pressly for the use of bis majesty, and intended to conve)
himself and family between the Hague and Brussels, or
any other part of his dominions traversed by rivers or
canals ; though it is probable they will soon give up the
navigation of the latter by steam on experiencing the
havoc and destruction which the waves, raised by tho
paddle-wheels, will occasion to tlie earthen banks. The
length of this vessel measured 135 feet; it had two
engines of 35 horse power each. The chimney or funnel,
and the rigging tliat supports it, tlie railing that runs along
the sides, and every thing on deck tliat is metal, were ol
copper, kept bright by constant scouring and rubbinj;,
which, in this damp climate, and not tlic best of all pos.
sible atmospheres, must be a daily drudgery to several |iir.
sons. The sides are [lointcd green, and tlie upper works
green and gold, highly ornamented with emblenintic
sculpture, covered with gilding. Even the rudder is gill
down to the water's edge. The cabins are neatly fitted
up, and lined witli mahogany. The king and queen hive
each a bed-room. There are bed places for eight geii.
tlemcn attendants, and for two maids of honour.
The tliird " lion" was a twenty -oared barge, of a bcauti.
ful model, built also for the use of the king. This mag.
nificent boat is sixty-four feet long, splendidly pointed in
blue and gold. On the prow, which proieets considerably
beyond the cut-v.'otcr, is the figure of Neptune, with his
trident, sitting in a splendid car, drawn by four tritoni,
exceedingly well carveil, and richly gilt; tJie whole of
tlie carved work on this barge, nnd the steamboat, ii
indeed far superior to any of those guilt logger-heads,
which we sometimes see stuck imder the bowsprit of our
ships of war.
The builders of our dock-yards in fact admit that the
art of rarving wood in ship building has of late year)
been UmI. With the Dutch it is kept as a separate branch,
and in each of their yards is a carver's shop.
We next visited some of their storchouMi, which m
this yard are not extensive, but they were nearly cinply.
The timlirr was scanty, and mostly fiishioned, in whicli
state, we were told, it is brought into the yard.
A seventy-four gun 8lrip,not furtlier advanced than her
Uccl, had just been laid down, and her floor-timbers were
all ready, but we did not observsany of the other timbers
for her frame. The roof under which she waa to be
built very much resembled those in our dock-yards ; but
we saw nothing of those galleries within it, which hnw
been commended as an improvement on our own.
Under a second roof was a fil\y-gun (Vigate building,
and under a third, one of the same class repairing. The
new frigate had a round stem, similar to those which
Sir Robert Seppings was accused of having pilfere<i from
the Dutch, but which, though pcrhap* superior for all
•iralp
SErvii
ichl
Hie Dii
jMetioii
Mines s
S- the :
'HThn (
eld ill
Ider
lliktifa
Ml* ship
«Mlduct<
tiflccs,
■Pocks
If cog'"
•pping'
tf Rottc
S roofs,
ver.
'MiThc ti
itbroiigl
Mid is sq
!2I"^
Mips arc
IkB case
Jfctwerp,
>ing to r
ars.
T
A TOUR TiraOl'ClI SOIITII J10M.AN1>.
73
rt« of the country, wa«
1 of the city ; and the
lis for the sale of trin.
d gingerbread, witti ill
ssing of pnncalieit, and
muscmeuts as are eecii
°tlic better kind,
commenced as wc er.
night. AU was cheer,
noise, nor tumnlt, ncr
abitojits in tlieir houses,
It was decent mirth,
Icry.
tting admittance to tlic
u were told at the gale,
ndation from nomc re.
dock-yard was situaicd
our time was pressing,
cards to tlie Schvifl by
acting as the comniis.
Rea". He immediately
every thing ; on whieh
d to lay great stress, i8
'e soon tound that this
to sec very little wortli
f three objects, which
ily "lions" that could be
the only ones shown to
lan probable there wu
nakedness of the land.
, in which the muskeU,
tho oficnsive weapons,
ips of war, are kept, in
;h arranged. 'J'hey arc
d could not, at the most,
apply of five or six sail
in waf a new steamboul
s housed over, built ci.
, and intended to convej
Hague and Brussels, or
) traversed by rivers or
;y will soon give up the
im on experiencing the
le waves, raised by thu
tie earthen banks. The
13S feet; it had two
The chimney or funnel,
ic railing tliat runs along
k that is metal, were ol
scouring and rubbing,
i not tlie best of all \m*-
drudgery to several pt c
iiiul the upper works
■iitid with einbleninlic
Even the rudder is gilt
cabins are neatly fittd
he king and queen have
places tor eight gcii.
aids of honour,
lared barge, of a bcauti.
f the king. This mag-
;, splcnclidly painted in
ill prdjpclK considerably
•c of Neptune, with his
I, drawn by four tritoni,
llily gilt; tlie whole of
nnd tho steamboat, is
ose guilt logger-heads,
Ider the bowsprit of our
in fact admit that tlie
bing has of late years
Ipt as a separate branch,
Wer's shop.
I storchoufea, which m
ley were nearly empty.
Ily fashioned, in which
Into the yard.
Ither advanced than her
Ihor floor-timbers were
liy of the other timheri
1 which she was to be
In our dock-yards ; but
I within it, which han
Int on our own.
1-gun ftigatc building,
J class repairing. Tho
limilar to those whi<h
If having pilfcrc<l frniii
>http« superior for »ll
Mival purposes, he has reconverted almost to squoro ones,
i^rving, however, the principle of upright timbers,
Aich by giving strength constitutes its greatest merit,
flic Dutch frigate's stern was certainly round with apro-
jKlioii in the centre, like one of those sentry boxes some-
Mklics seen in the angle of a bastion, and wliicli serves
ffthc ship as the snbslituto for a quarter gallery.
»>Tlin opening between the timbers of this Irigate were
lied in, so as to make the hull one solid mass, and the
Milder took care to observe, as if it was something new,
tttt if a plank should start, there would be no danger of
MN ship sinking. Wo did not go into the hold, but our
«Mlductor said that she was strengthened with diagonal
Miccs, and that all her Imlts below the water line were of
Mpper. They also made use of straight tiinliers, and the
MKocks of the ribs had square heads and heels fastened
|# cogues. In sliort it appeared to us that the whole of
'flapping's inventions had Iwcn adopted in the dock-yard
tf- Rotterdam ; and so satisfied were they of the utility
rfrools, that all tlic small craft even were building under
#ver.
'vThe timber, made use of in the dock-yard of this place,
iftbrought by water from various parts of the Netherlands,
tad is squared, and mostly fashioned in the Ibrests, but
Ming used without a proper degree of seasoning, the
■hips are not of long duration. This was particularly
tte case with those built under Bonaparte's reign, at
£ltwcrp, one half of them being rotten without ever
Sing to sea, and nearly useless at the end of five or six
fttiTa. In fact all the German timber is light and porous,
Mi comparison with our best Suffolk oak, and liable to
t speedy species of decay which has been called, iin
porly enough, the dry-rot.
Oil ■ would be led to conclude, that tho Dnich must
rioiico a considerable degree of inconvenience from
want of ilry docks, though they sccin not to feel it.
our dock-yards, tliny are so common, that the Imttoni
a giin-brig or a cutter cannot be looked at, without
lir assistance. When the Dutch have occasion to ex-
inc the bottoms of their largest ships, the operation of
linving them down, while afloat, is resorted to, by means
ji careening pits, in which the necessary blocks and
itrchases for the puriwse are placed. It is, however, but
■I awkward process, when performed on large ships of
^r, .nnd not without considerable danger, but it is rc-
' ted to in preference to the eeitainty of incurring a Inrgc
nditure for the construction of a dry dock, especially
a country wlicre the fonndations are bad, and no ma-
ials to be had except what must be imported from
or countries at a great expense.
CHAPTER III.
FROM ROTTERDAM TO AMSTEROAM.
■f There are two methods of making the journey from
''ottcrdam to Amsterdam, as there are, inciccd, between
nost every two towns throughout Holland, — by land nnd
■ water. Tlic latter is the most roniiiion, and most easy
bd convenient, as well as by iiiunli tho cheapest, hut is
Imewliat slower than posting ; the treckschuyt going
li^roly at the rate of four miles an hour, while post horses,
1 others hired for the journey, will make good a little
ore than five miles an hour. The distance in cither
»y, in the present case, is nearly the same, as the slr.aight
be of road generally neeonipanies, in a parallel direction,
|e straight cannl, anil in most parts of it has a straight
kv of trees on each side ; every thing in Holland, where
[can convcniriitly be done, licing lahl out with a line.
lie trifling ilifl'erenee, however, in point of s|K'ed is not
I only objection which a stranger, desirous of seeing
I country, will make to the water conveyance. Tlie
bnks of the canal are sometimes so high that the view
I intercepted by them, nnd confined to the line of the
nal. We, therefore, hired a four wheeled carriage,
kown in Flolland by the name of clinr-a-banr, which,
Itli its three cross scats, we finmd to bo sufticieiitly
Dmy to hold, without inconvenience, six persons nnd
sir luggage, besides a servant on the dickey. In this
Ihicli! the owner agreed to carry us to Amsterdam in
ro days; nnd for tho hire of this, with two horses, the
Vner feeding them, and piiying the driver, we were
barged forty-eight guilders or florins (four poumls
triing,) the distance being about fitVy miles, or a little
■ore.
lOn the 11th of August, about noon, we left Rotterdam.
Tie road, as wo afterwards found to lie common throiigh-
kt Holland, was paved with a particular kind of brick,
lll^d a clinker, set eloselv on edge, very neatly fitted
Jfethcr, an<l as level as a bowling green.
.\(\vr running for some distance along tho sidi' ' thr
canal, the road branched otf, and here commenced a con-
tinued succession of neat, and sometimes very handsiiine
villas on both sides, and at no great distance from it.
Hero and there an elegant chateau occurred, surrounded
by an extensive domain well planted with patches ol
trees, but generally in straight lines ; nnd for the most
|iart the mansion was appro.ached through a grand
avenue. The boundaries also of these large estates are
frequently terminated by avenues of trees, each row be-
longing to separate proprietors ; but the division of pro-
perty is mostly marked by a dyke nnd a ditch. M'- 1 ot
these country houses, win tlier large or small, have u ditch
(jf stagnant water dividing the little t'ront garden from
the road ; and closi; to this ditch, generally indeed rising
out of it, and not unfVuiiuently bestriding it, is sure to be
found a small building, square or octagonal, called a
liisl-liiiin, or pleasure house, with a window in each side,
commanding a complete view of the road. These little
buildings or pleasure houses arc so very nunicrous as to
t'orm a characteristic feature of this part of the country.
They occur, indeed, as we allerwards found, by the sides
of the roads throughout South Holland. In the summer
and autumn evenings they are the common resort ol
families, where the men enjoy their pipes with beer or
wine, and the females sip their tea; and both derive
amnsement in observing and conversing with the pas-
sengers on the road. In any other country, these would
be considered as just the seasons of the year, and the
time of the day, when these ditch-bestriding pleasure
houses would be shunned, the effluvia from the stagnant
water being then strongest, and the frogs, which are
every where seen skipping about, most lively and noisy.
But the same vitiated taste, which has sckcted the ditch
lor the site of the pleasure house, may deem the croaking
of the frog, when in full song, just as melodious to their
ears, as the note of the nightingale is to their more
southern neighlxjur?.
As there is no want of water in any P'lrt of Holland,
the flower-gardens attached to these villas have generally
a fish-pond in some part of them, and when they happen
to face the rnad, the pleasure-house is t'requciitly placed
on a hillock in the middle of tlic garden, nnd is accessi-
ble only by a bridge or a flight of steps. Each villa has
its name, or some motto inscribed over the gateway, the
choice of which is generally meant to bespeak content
and comfort on the part of the owner, and they nflford a
source of amusement to the stranger as he passes along.
Tims, among others, we read, " Lust en rust," Pleasure
and case ; " Wei to vrede," Well contented ; " .Myn ge-
negentheid is voldcen," My desire is satisfied; "Myn
hist en leven," My pleasure and life ; " Niet zoo gnaalyk,"
Not so bad; "Ger stclyk en wcl to vrede," Tranquil and
content; " Vriend.schap en gezclschap," Friendship and
sociability; " Hot vcrmaak is in't hovenieren," There is
pleasure in gardening. And over the entrance to one of
the tea-gardens, near Rotterdam, was inscribed, "Het
vleescli pottcii van Egypte." Some of the larger gardens
abounds with fruits and vegetables, and heda and borders
of flowering shrubs and plants are laid out in all tlie gro-
tesque shapes that can he imagined. It must be contess-
ed, however, that an air of comfort presides over these
villas, Most of the dwelling-houses arc gaily painted in
lively colours, all the offices and outhouses are kept in
neat order, while the verdant meadows arc covered with
tho finest cattle, mostly speckled brown nnd white.
At tliJ distance of about eight miles from Rotterdam
is the ancient town of Delft, once famous for its woollen
manufactures, and more especially its pottery ware,
which employed many thousands of its inhabitants, and
which was known under the name of Delft-ware all over
Europe ; but the superior and cheaper ortiele, manufac-
tured by Wedgwood, gave a death-blow to the potteries
of Delll, which can scarcely now be said to exist. T'lic
traveller will observe, in passing through this town, a fiiie
old Gothic ehiircli, and also one of a more recent date,
with a lofty spire; but as they were said to contain only
monuniciits of the family of the house of Orange, of Gro-
tius and Van Tromp, and that there was little worth see-
ing in the town, we did not sto|) ; but in passing through
a spacious market-place, wo could observe a copious sup-
ply of fine vegetables and the common fruits of the coun-
try. The streets nnd houses appeared to be kept in neat
and clean order, but the town wore a dull aspect, the
more so, perhaps, after just leaving the bustle of Rotter-
dam. The whole country around Delft, with the excep-
tion of some contiguous gardens and potato beds, con.
sisted of rich pasturage, and a great numticr of very fine
cattle were grazing in the iiiendows. No nppenrnnec of
tillage, except small patches of stubblo here and there,
nnd a few enclosures of clover.
The same kind of villas, p»rks, and gardens, at those
we had passed continued from Delft to the Hague, which
is not above five or six miles. Two or three villages r,c.
cur on the load, one of wliieli is liyswiek, of no other
note than being the place where a treaty of peace was
concluded in lb!)".
The Hague is a well-built, handsome, and clean town,
said to contain thirty-tivc thousand inhnliitants. In pass-
ing through the streets there is neither crowd nor hustle;
but one sees an evident appearanrc nf lashioii among the
inhabitants, which is not to be observed in the commercial
;in(t manufacturing towns of Holland. This, indeed, was
the ease even under the old regime, when the Stadtholder
used to pass many months of the year at the Hague ; and
it has become a still more fashionable residence since tho
Restoration, and the conversion of the republic into a
monarchy, the presence of the royal family always draw,
ing after it a multitude of employes, I'oreign and domestic.
It is now the residence, in alternate years, of the king
of the Netherlands; and the States-general hold their
meetings during that residence in the halls np|(r,d((l to
the old palace, near the Vyver-berg, or Fish-pond hill, at
the upper or northern end of the town, whieh, of course,
is the tiisbionable quarter. Here, too, is the Hotel do
Ville, or Town-hall. In this nf ighhomheod the houses
are generally elegant, nnd the adjoining country as hcnu-
tiful as a flat and even country can be made. Clofe to
this quarter is the deer park, a small meadow, with a
wood behind it. Through this wood is the public road
which leads to Lryden, and passes close to the " House
in the Wood," which belonged to the (irineess Amelia de
Solms, nnd is now the occasional residence of the king of
the Netherlands, or some part of his family. It is a neot
pavilion, but not deserving the name of a palaie. It once
contained some good pictures ; but little is now left within
it worthy of attention except the eiilingof the saloon,
part of which was painted by Rubens.
It is pretended that in this wood are oak trors of five
hnndred years' growth; but we saw none that, in Eng-
land, would not attain the size of the largest at most in
one hundred and twenty ycurs. Srnic of these, however,
and the beeches and lindens, arc of a respectable size and
healthy foliage. Our time would not pi rmit us to visit
the public library nor the museum, which we regretted
the less, having understood that the best pictures had
been removed to .\inbtcrdam, nnd that those that remain-
ed were mostly the work of Dutch artists, nnd by no
means of the first class; lint the celebrated "Ox" of Pot-
ter still remains at the Hague. We tlierefcrc pushed en
lor I.eydcn, the distance being about eight miles.
Beyond the Hngue the estates of the nobility nnd gen-
try are on a larger scale than any we had yet met with i
and of course the smaller villas and the lust-houses were
less frequent. Many parts of the road reminded us of
England, the grounds being broken by coppice-wccd, in
which, when cut down, the young standard trees were
left growing; nnd there was in places some little in-
equality of surface — something thiit nii^rht be said to ap-
proach the size of a hill. The mnnsions genernlly stocd
at the head of one of the long avi nucs which run through
the domains; and those avenues vvhiili led to no hruse,
from their length and level .-uri'acc, were interminable to
the eye.
Leyden is n very fine town, sitnatcd en that brnnch of
the Rhine, which alone carries with it its nonic to the
sea, and which surrounds the town, supplying its numer-
ous canals with water. The Rhinlaud throngh which it
Hows is esteemed the garden of Holland. There is no
doubt of the Romans having had a station on the spot
where Iipyden stands; ns several Roman iiiitiquities
have been found, and the remains of an old castle still
exist on n mound in the middle of the town, supposed
to he of Roman structure, though the prevailing opinion
seems to be that this liuip, as it is called, was built by
Hengist, after his return from his conquest in Britain.
Leyden made a glorious stand in ojiposingthe Spaniards
under Baldis, when he laid siege to it in laT-l, on which
occasion six thousand of iN inhabitants are said to have
perished by famine, disease, and the sword. The devotion
nf the citizens, on the above occasion, procured from
Prince William of Holland, who relieved the place, the
highest praise, and, what was of more importance, funds
for the establishment of nn university, which is deservedly
esteemed ninong the best disciplined nnd the best rcgu.
lated school for the classics, law, medicine, nnd divinity,
on the whole continent.
They were just now employed in adding considerably
to the buildings of th»UniT»rsity,thennmhcr of students.
74
A TOi;n THROUGH SOl'TH HOLLAND.
^
I]
V
-r ■
i:
wliicli generally amounted to about three hundred, liav-
ing incrcuscd to five hundred within tlie last three years
Attached to the University is a museum of natural his-
tory and coni|)arativc anatomy, beautifully and seientifi-
cally arranged, and a library of fifty thousand volumes.
To the museum has recently been added the splendid
collection of birds belonging to Mr. Temmink of Amstcr-
dam, the produce chiefly of Java and the other oriental
possessions of the Dutch ; and Professor Lesson is pro-
bably the first ornithologist in Kuro|)c.
The botanical garden does credit to all who Iwlong to
it, being kept in the highest possible order. Tiie walks
are beautiful, and wili.out a pebble : they are covered
with a mixture of peat earth and the spent dust of tan-
ners' oak bark. The garden is tastefully laid out ill clumps
of shrubbery in various forms, roimd which, on borders,
are the various plants, named ajid numbered according
to the system of Jussicu. The whole extent is seven
acres, four of wliich liave been added only a few years
ago, and laid out in good taste by the late Professor Brug-
man as a garden for the reception of medicinal plants, and
for the use of the medical students. Among tlie hot-
house plants we saw a date palm with fruit upon it, which
the gardener said liad been there two hundred years.
It may l)e questioned whether the botanical garden of
Leyden and tlie inustmni are not su|K>rior to tlic Jardin
des Plantea and its museum in Paris. Taken altogether,
we were of opinion tliat they had a decided preference,
though they wanted the attraction of living animals, of
the influence of which wc have had experience in the
multitudes that flock to the zoological gardens of London.
Near the University a large o|)en space, planted with
trees, serves as a promenade for the inhabitants. It seems
tliat this place was once covered witli good liouscs, which
were destroyed in 1807 by the explosion of a vessel laden
with gunpowder, when more tlian one hundred and fifty
[lersons, and, among others, the two professors, Luzac
and Kluit, perished under their ruins. No stronger proof
is wanting of tlic decay of the trade and manufactures of
Leyden than tliat of converting the ground, where some
of the best houses stood wlien the accident happened, and
which is the most agreeable part of tlie town, iiilo a mere
promenade, instead of replacing them by others. In all
our walks we did not observe a single new house build-
ing; and, in fact, we were given to understand that the
population had decreased a full fourth part of what it was
in the days of its pros|)erity.
It is a common observation that the High street of Ox-
ford may be reckoned among the finest in Eurojx! ; but
striking as it is, those who hold this opinion can know
very little of Europe. Without going farther, we may
observe that the Ureede street or Broad street of Leyden,
thougli far from being one of the finest in Euro|)c, is
sujierior, in some res|H'cts, to that of Oxford. In the first
place, it is much wider, and at least three times the
length ; and, contrary to the usual practice of laying out
streets by the Dutch, it has the same gently-winding turn,
but wants the gradual ascent, which contributes so much
to the beauty of the High street of Oxford. The houses
in that of Leyden are generally 8U|)erior and more pic-
turesque ; and thoujrh the number of colleges of ancient
architecture, with tlieir turrets, tow'^rs, and spires, in
Oxford, exceed tlie number of public buildings in the
Broad street of Leyden, there is one at least that will bear
comparison with the most pictures(|ue college in High
street. This is the old Hotel de ViUe, built, as ap|)cars
by an inscription in front, in the year 1574. It has a tall
spire, somewhat remarkable in its architecture, and not
inelegant. It is built with a dark blue stone, which has
the api)earance of black marble, and its prominent parts
are tipped with gilding. The body of the building has
jiearly thirty windows on a line in front, three pediments
or gables highly ornamented, a handsome balustrade,
surmounted by a ridge of stone globes, and the whole
front of tills remarkable piece of architec'.jre may be said
to be
" AViili ^list'iiintr iipiri's and pinrmclos n.Iorn'd.'*
The ground-floor of this town-house is appropriated as a
market for butchers'-ineat, hut noapjiearancc of it is visi-
ble from tlic street. This is also the case, a.s we after-
wards found, under the old Hotel dc Ville at Bruges.
Nothing can exceed the cleanliness of Leyden in all its
streets, whether those with or those without canals. The
former, with their ([uays, arc particularly neat ; and as
there is little trade, and, of course, few shijipiiig that
carry masts, the bridges are mostly of stone, of which
they pretend to say there are not fewer than one hundred
and fifty.
We jiaid a visit to the ancient church of St. Peter,
which was built in 1331. It is not only the largest in the
town, but by far the best specimen in tlie style of Gothic
architecture, [lerliaps, in all Holland; and the inhalitants
[lersuade tlieinselves it is also the first in point of deriTira-
tions and magnificence. As in all the reformed eb";i ,•. <,
so in this, the Iconoelafls have left nothing u. ..i' i ! i..'
sculpture remaining that formerly bclongc;; h ■■(. ?.nd
have substituted only afew monuments in its pi ■■ '.,'(
of these, erected to the memory of the cilebral. .' .:
Iiaave, is carefully |)ointed out to strangers. It is ,>■. urn,
supported on a jiedestal of black marble, having on the
front a medallion bearing the bust of the deceased with
this inscription : —
" Simplex aigilliim vrri."
And below it is the following : —
"SalutiftTo Itoerlinvii gcnio sncriim."
There are several other monuments of distinguished
professors of the University, but none that are calculated
to attract much attention. The choir, as usual, is screened
off" by a railing of bronze, and stripped of all its former
Romanist decorations.
The environs of Leyden are extremely licautiful, and
the whole country around is studded with villas, gardens,
and pleasure-houses, standing, as usual, over ditches or
in the middle of ponds. The most fre<|uented, and, in-
deed, the most delightful promenade, shaded by a double
row of trees, is witliout the walls, and close by the side
of that branch of the Rhine which waters and surrounds
the town. This gently-moving stream — so gentle that its
current is scarcely perceptible — may here be about from
one hundred and fitly to two hundred feet in width; and
the bank opposite to the walk, and between the river and
the wall, partakes in some places of the picturesque, bc'
ing high and well clotlied with shrublicry plants, and
briars and tangling creepers. It would, perhaps, be dif-
ficult to point out in any part of the world a more enchant-
ing walk on a fine summer's evening tlian that which
borders the Rhine where it skirts the walls of Leyden.
A very mistaken notion seems to have been entertain-
ed that the insignificance of tlic Rhine, in this part of its
course, is owing to its waters lieing lost in the sands.
Nothing can be more incorrect than such an idea. That
this Leyden branch is of comparative insignificance is
very true ; but instead of being absorbed, the waters of
this noble river, on the contrary, pursue their course in
full vigour, and with increased volume into the sea.
The province of Holland in general, however, and the
district of Rhincland in particular, are most deeply con-
cerned in the smallest or Leyden branch, as by the pro-
per inanagenicnt of this stream only is that [lart of the
country preserved from one sweeping inundation. The
main works for this pur|)osc arc at Katwyk, where, by
very simple but effectual contrivances of ilood-gatcs, tlic
waters of the Rhine arc let out into the sea, and those of
the sea shut out from the land. The distance from Iicy-
den is about ten miles, through five of which nearest to
tlic sea, a broad and deep canal has Ixen cut, across
which a triple set of double gates have been thrown, the
first having two pair, the second four pair, and the last
seven pair, with stone piers of excellent masonry between
them. Against these last gates the tide rises twelve feet,
and to take oft' the pressure, an equal depth is preserved
in the great dam within them. When the Rhine has ac-
cumulated behind the other gates to a certain height, the
whole of the gates are thrown open at low water, the
rush of which completely scours the passage of sand,
which, before the adoption of these gates, used constantly
to choke up the channel of the Rhine ; and the waters,
thus impeded, frequently inundated the country, and had
more than once threatened Leyden with destruction. It
has liecn calculated that these seven gates, when thrown
n|ien, arc capable of discharging a volume of water not
less than one hundred thousand cubic feet in a second of
time.
Still, however, we were given to understand that the
commissioners lor tlic management of the Rhinland
waters are not without their apprehensions of the iiicfli-
cacy of these sluices, on the breaking up of a long frost,
or the continuance of heavy rains ; and it was rumoured,
that an engineer was cx[K'ctcd from England to examine
and report his opinion whether any tliiog more, and
what, could 1hi done for the better security of the country.
On the 1 2tli of August, about ten in the morning, we
continued our journey towards Haarlem, on a road
which for its goodness, smooth ond beautiful as they are
in any part of Holliuid, is not exceeded in the whole of
this country. In travelling along it, the passenger is
gratified by witnessing a constant succession of gentle-
men's peats, the grounds of many of them laid out in
exceeding good toste, and all of tliem kept in ncnt order;
and this continues for sixteen miles. On approacliiui,
Haarlem within a few miles, the mcer or lake of ilui
name, winch is, in fact, a little sea, is set^n to the ea>i.
ward, brt'.i'ecn some of the sand hills which its wav«
I'lvt thrown up. B^ the inequalities of the surft;,
v.hich extend to the side of the road, and tlie niixtur.
■r -.nJ "id grnvcl of which they are composed, it woule
'ppear that this sea must at one time have been of mut'
greater extent than at present. Most of tlicse eniinciicc
or hills, '!' wo may so call them, are generally planic
with fi).. and otlier northern trees ; the parks or doniaim
over which tlicy arc scattered are surrounded witli oui
ordinary park imling ; cottages here and there are sen,
by the roadside witli their little cabbage and potato gar-
dens ; hawtiiorn hedges are not untrcqucnt; and, i[.
short, these and some other indications of the approarii
to Haarlem, wore so many appearances of what V!c even
day sec in England, tliat, without any great stretch of
the imagiitatinn, one might suppose one's self to be tra
veiling in some corner of the British isles.
Immediately before the entrance into the town (,i
Haarlem is a wood of considerable extent, in which is ;,:,
excellent house, that once belonged to Mr. Hojie of Am.
sterdam. It was purchased by Bonaparte, us a resideiici
for his brother Louis, for five hmidred thousand guilders,
about forty-two thousand jiounds sterling.
We did not remain long in H-iarlcm. It appeared in
us very iiiucli like the otlier towns in Holland, very wdl
built, vcry_ clean, and very dull. Its population was saiii
to be greatly diminished, and its once tlourishing niaiiu.
faetures of silks, velvets, and damasks, for which it wu
fumed, have now nearly disap|)cared, and that little ro.
maincd but the weaving of linen and woollen clothes anii
of lace. In fact, it was stated that the jiopulation, wliici:
was once reckoned to be forty-eight thousand, was reduced
to about seventeen thousand. It still, however, has iu
Academy of Sciences, and the Tcylerian Society, found.
ed by an individual from whose name it is derived. Ii
has a library, with a collection ol philosophical instrii.
ments, and of subjects of natural history ; ond Iccturi!
are delivered in all the diflcrcnt dupartments of sciemc.
The river Spaarn, issuing from the Haarlem Mcir,
traverses tlie city, and having supplied its canals, \mms
on and joins the lake or creek of the Zuyder Zee, on tin
soutliern shore of which tlie city of Amsterdam is buili.
The name of this narrow prolongation of the Zuydii
Zee is written on the Dutch Maps Hct Y; a name that
has somewhat puzzled strangers, particularly if you a.4
a Dutchman what it is called, as he is sure to say It
is Tai. The fact i.s, the letter y in Dutch is pronounced
the same as the i in English, or ai ; and by abbrt-
viating the definite article kel, the, it becomes in com.
mon parlance 't ni. This will explain how our uiap
makers have written it, some Tai, som ! Ti/e, ai, ' ntlicrs,
still worse, the If, on their maps. \ frenchman in
describing Amsterdam, calls it the C-grec. Any en.
quiry as to the origin or meaning of tl."! n:imc was use
less. In fact, the letter y in their alpha..>et has no parti-
cidar meaning ; but as its pronunciation is precisely lliit
of 01, and as this syllable, or something like it, signiHri
water in many of the northern languages, and in Nortk
Holland there arc other rivers or waters named the .h
and the Ee (£«), it is not, perhaps, an overstrained ilj-
mology to suppose that " th« Ai" is nothing more tlian
" the water." The Ee or the Eu is the provincial name
of the water which flows out of Windermere and Coiiis-
ton lakes down the Cartmcl sands.
There is little more to be seen at Haarlem than the
church of St. Bavon, in which is the celebrated organ
whose size and tones, and number of pipes, have been
supjiosed to be without a parallel in this class of in.slru-
ments ; but as we had seen and heard that of St. Law-
rence at Rotterdam, we did not deem it worth the loss if
limi^ that would have been occasioned by waiting for tin
organist and liellows-blowers, to give us a peal. Wc
should, however, have licen tempted to delay awlilli,
had the season of the year been that in whicii the tiili|i,
the hyacinths, and the jonquils are in blossom, for wliicli
the adjoining gardens are cclehrattd, and witli wliick
they annually supply our florists in England. 1'hc ait
of raising these bulbous-rooted plants so as to prodiiri
their flowers in perfection, simiile as it may appiar tn
be, is not yet domesticated witli us ; wc have still oui
fresh importations annually from Holland. The gaud;
tulip was an object whicli at one; time drove the gravr,
the prudent, and the cautious Dutchman, ns wild i>
ever did the Soutli Sea bubble, or the senseless specula-
tions that took iHissession of our countrymen a few yfan
ago, tlic gullible John Bull. I'hc enormous pri<'es Uul
were actually given for real tulip bulbs, of particulii
kinds, funned but a small fraction of tho extent to whick
IhH^tncrc
itjfeDut
(fSpethii
nuaed .1
***»<; "
O^ltonei
Ihf »ne at
WMrf- liar
to ■ich Ml
" I the
l^biilbs
iMiffere
tlt^ulls a
Oi^priciM
««iitatfi
A TOUR THROUGH SOUTH IIOIXANO.
IT)
lilca. On upproaclilni
inccr or luke of Um
lea, is B<xn to thu i'a.M.
liilU wliicli its wav»
uulitics of tlic BurfiK
road, Olid tlio niixlurt
aro composed, it wouk
time have been of inuci.
yiost of these cmincncoi
1, are generally planlc.
I ; tlic parks or doniaim
•c surrounded willi oui
lerc and there arc seen
:abbaec and potato gai
it unlrcqucnt ; and, «,
:ation8 of the approach
ranees of what wc ever;
ut any great stretch oi
)so one's self to be tra.
tish iblcs.
ince into the town di
Ic extent, in which is a:
ed to Mr. Hope of Am.
onapartc, as a resident,
idreil tliousand guilder^;
sterling.
aurlcni. It appeared [«
IS in Holland, very wd:
Its population was m
once flourishing nianu.
majiks, for which it was
ired, and that little rr.
and woollen clotlics ant
at the jiopulation, which
lit thousand, was reduced
t still, however, has its
"cylcriun Society, founii.
! name it is derived, li
oi philosopliical instrii.
il history ; and lcctun<
dspartincnts of seicnic.
•oni the Haarlem Miti,
upplied its cannls, passu
f the Zuydcr Zee, on tl,>
of Amsterdam is buili,
ngation of the Zuydit
ips Hel Y; a name thai
particularly if you ask
\8 he is sure to say ii
in Dutch is pronounced
or ai ; and by abbrc
the, it becomes in com.
explain how our map
|i, som ! Ti/p, ai. ' otlicrs,
ps. \ {"rcnchmnn in
the 5.grec. Any en-
of 11.'! ntimc was use-
[r nlpha..-et has no parli-
ciation is precisely tlial
Icthing like it, signiCci
inguages, and in North
waters named the .h
)s, an overstrained ily
is nothing more tlian
is the provincial name
Ivindcrnierc and Coni»-
at Haarlem than the
1 the celebrated organ
jfr of pipes, have bcdi
I in this class of instru-
Icard that of St. Law
lem it worth tlie lossii
lined by waiting for tin
Igivc us a peal. Wc
Ipled to delay owliilf,
|hat ill whicli the tuli|i,
■ in blossom, for wliicli
Lted, and with wliick
lin England. Tlic art
lants so a« to produce
as it may appear to
J wo have still out
iHolland. The gniidj
I time drove the gtaif,
lulchman, ns wild »'
Tthe senseless spiculi'
luntrymen a few years
I enormous prices lliit
p bulbs, of particulii
of the extent to wliicl
l^nicrcantile transactions of thi'< gaudy flower was
oZmcd. If wo may give credit to Hcckman, wlio states
Hm Dutch authorities, four hundred /icri^a in weight
(ioBiething less than a grain), of the biflh of il tuhp
naiaecl Admiral Leifkin, cost tour thousand four hundred
flMiliH ; and two hundred of another, named Semper
Jlugv^his, Ivn thoiviimd floriii.'<. Of this lust, he tells
Uibltoiiec! happened there were; only two roots to b<! had,
ihjone iit Arnsterdnni, the other at IlaarUin ; and that
fo»«ie of these were olferecl four thousand six Imndrecl
llotiiLM, a new ciirriiige, two g'-.y horses, nnd a completer
Mtwf li:irness; and that i.ii.atier p-rson oflered twelve
aoiw of hind. It is almost impossible to give credence
to nch madness. The real truth of the story i.s that
tiMM tuhp r.iots wore never bought or sold, but they lie-
cioil the mcclinm of a systemiitised eiweies of gambling.
Tbf bulbs, and tlicir divisions into /lerils. iH^cnnio likt'
the dillVrent stocks in our public funds,— the objects of
thv^uUs and liear.s — and were bought and soldwtilitrer-
Oiit prices from day to day, the parties settling their ac
eM(t at fixed jieriocls; tlie iimocent tulips, all the while,
jtrm once apiK-aring in the transactions, nor even
thoBghl of. " Before the tulip season was over," says
Beokman, " more roots were sold and purchased, bcs|>okc
an* promised to be delivered, ihan in all probability were
to be found in the gardens of Holland ; and when Sent-
ftrJliigiialua was not to be had any where, which ha|>-
poied twice, no species, [lerhaps, was otVener purchased
^1^ sold." This kind of sheer gambling reached at
leaiKh to such a height, that the government fomid it
UBssnry to interfere and put a stop to it.
(Bn the great markct-pljcc of Haarlem is a statue of
eiice Koster, who is supposed to have l)een tlic in-
ir of printing. Ho holds forth triumphantly, as it
in his hands, the letter A lus a typo of his claim to
ivention. It faces the house in which he lived, and
trout of which is the following inscription: —
*' ^Tcmciriiii pacrciin
Tipterii'liia, aniarliuinoHiiiiciiiitoiisi'rviiirix, liicpriimim iiivcrua,
I circa annum 1440."
)| is asserted that the first book that was printed is
t^iruir de Niiire Si:lal, which is preserved with great
depending muel: on the iiianageiiieiitof these two inliind
sens. The Duteli arc said to have a plan for draining
Haarlem Meer, and thereby gaining about sixty thousand
acres of land ; the success must depend on its depth, but
a few hundred pumps worked by windmills would easily
and speedily empty its water (if moderately shallow)
into the Ai. ,..,,•
Close to the narrow isthmus, that divides them, is a
neat inn, where carriages and horses are to be had ; and
where also is an ancient chateau, named Swannenburgh,
in front of which, and, on the pillars of the gate, an-
sciiiptured several figures of swans. Having crossed
the narrow neck, the canal and the road reeoininc nee
with an angle, inclining more to an easterly direction,
and continue for another five miles, close up to the gate
of Amsterdam. Tlic canal is supplied by the Ai, through
several inlets. In fact it forms in many places a part ol
the Ai, and is only separated from it, and the navigation
protected, by rows of strong posts, called a Iwom, which,
by breaking the waves, preserve the opimsite bank of the
canal or the causeway, which would otherwise be con-
stantly exposed to the danger of licing washed away.
A steady and undcviating perseverance in unilbrmity,
order, and regularity, is discernible in all the public
works of the Dutch. An instance of it struck us forci-
bly in jiroceeding along this causeway. By the side of
the canal is a narrow tracking path for tlic liorses which
draw the treckschuyts and other craft. To prevent them
from cncro-iching on the carriage road, a series of hard
blue stone posts, about three feet high, nil of the same
form and dimensions, arc firmly fixed in the ground at
equal intervals of twenty yards, making the total num-
lier about eight hundred and eighty. These stones must
all have been brought cither from the banks of the Rhine
or the iVIeusc, probably of the latter, for nothing of the
kind is to be found in all Holland.
On arriving at Amsterdam, we put up at avery excel-
lent hotel, on one of the Burghwanls, called the Waape-
lien van Amsterdam, which and the Dcx^len arc tlic best
in this city.
Li
1 the Hotel de VilU-, and another copy of which is
I to be preserved in the public lil)rnry of Hoorii. The
■ailing opinion, however, is, that Faust was the in
"or, who, withOuttonberg, printed the first book in
tence. In opposition to this, it is maintained by the
plf of Haarlcin that Faust was a servant of Koster,
I stole his types, and lied with them to Mayeuce. If
las.sertion be true that Faust was, about the time
\n the invention is said to have taken place, the sur-
of Koster, one of two tilings is pretty clear, —
cr that Faust did carry oft" his master's invention, or
; Koster received the first intimation of the art from
Ist while ill his service. So recently as ISi'i, a coiii-
eion, composed of several learned professors, investi-
|d these claims, and reported that it appeared from
lirieal documen'.s, that Koster's iiivcniion dates soiiie-
Ire between 14Q0 and 1 llij. Hnarleni is still famous
pasting types, paitieiil.irly tliosc of (ircek and He-
for printing the latter language, the Jews mostly
Ive tlieir types from this city.
ffroni Haarlem to Amsterdam the fiicc of the couii-
Bias wholly changed its cliaractcr. The road takes
J an ea.-terly direc;lioii, and nothing meets the eye but
Iciintiimcd iniMdow, intersected by ditches to drain
: water, without a tree-, or almost a bush iri any
fction, and terminated, after a few miles travelling.
Ihe Haarlem Mccr on the south, and the lahc oi
kt water Ai, on the north. A fine broad pave d cause
|, of ten miles in length, conducts the traveller from
rlein to Amsterdiiin ; for five miles it is laid out in a
■inalical straiglit line, and is bordered by a noble
k) |>;\rallcl to it. The other side of the road is hor-
1 liy a ditch and a row of willows. These willow
the cnu.-icway, nnd the canal, are so perfectly
Iglit nnd parallel, that the eye placed nt one end o!'
nve miles, would see the other end, were it not liid-
il were, below the surface, by the natural con
Ity of the earth.
It the end of the first five miles, the waters of the
Irleiu Me'cr .ind the Ai eoininunicate beneath a nar-
artificinl isthmus, having a gentle swell resembling
1 ol a bridge ; over this the cnuseway is continued.
Ibis spot the relative heights of the two waters of the
land the Meer arc nicely regulated, by means of
pea nnd gauge-posts, marked into very nice and iiii-
I divisions ; aiui the grc.itest attention is paid to the
I of the waters at this particular spot, the safety of
■ferdam and tlic adjacent country from inundations
CHAPTER IV.
AMSTERD.VM.
Neither the approach to Amsterdam, nor the entrance
into it through the Haarlem gate, holds out to the stran-
ger any promise that he is about to be gratified with the
sight of a large and bcaLliful city. The environs on
this side, far from wearing a tempting appearance, very
much resemble that low tract of marshy land, which
stretches along the banks of the Thames between Green-
wich and Woolwich ; an extensive flat of dark green
meadow, intersected with dykes nnd ditches ; but some-
wlieit enlivened by the constant whirling motion of some
two or three hmidrcd windmills, some grinding corn and
seeds, but most of tliciii employed in pumping water
from one ditch into another, till finally it is dis|Josed of in
the sea.
On entering the city, the first object tliat catches the
eye of the stranger is a row of tall houses, built without
any regularity of design, along a quay facing the Zuyder
Zee ; some leaning one way nnd some another, and all
out of llie |)eriioiidicular, threatening momentarily to
tall. Wo looked in vain for trees, which we had expect-
ed to find like those on the Boomjes of Rotterdam.
The first turning to the right, however, from this quay,
atTorded a more favourable prospect; but still this capi-
tal of li&iiand had a sort of Wapping or Thames street
npiwarance, and looked inferior in every respect to Rot'
terdani. A better acquaintance satisfied us of the error
which the first impression had created.
Amsterdam is situated on the south bank of the creek
or lake Jii of which wc have spoken, just where the
river Amstel, after pcu'vatling the city, falls into it from
the south. This extraordinary city — beyond all doubt
the most extraordinary that Europe affords, not even
Venice excepted, as to iLs situation, its rise, and rapid
progress to the state in \.'hich it now is — dates back its
origin to some part of tlie thirteenth century, it lieing
then a mere assemblage of fisliermen's liuLs, perched on
the dric;r and more elevated patches of a swamp, but not
high enough to secure them completely from being oc-
cnsionally submerged by tlic sea. But the sujierabun-
dant proiluels which these poor industrious peojile were
able to deprive from the seas nnd the waters by which
they were surrounded, met with a ready market from
their northern and southern neighbours. The result
was naturally a rapidly increasing intercourse iMawccn tlic
Batavians, the Belgians, and tlie northern natives on the
Baltic, witli whom they exchanged their dried and salted
fi.tli for various kinds of grain and clothing ; nnd tliis
commeree brought the merchants of these countries to
their shores, some of whom fcmnd il to their advantage
to reside occasionally among lliem, others to form con-^
ncetions, and (himieiiiate themselves entirely, in spite of
their bogs and swamps ; to build store and dwelling
houses, and to adopt means for the protection of them-
selves and their property against the encroachments of
the Ai, rendered more formidable by the storms that
swelled the Zuyder Zee.
Amsterdam is in form of a crescent, its inward curving
line and two horns stretching along the .li, the length,
by the plan, being about thirteen thou.sand five hundred
Rhineland t'eet, and perpondieular from the eentre of this
line, seven thousand l\\v hundred feet, or as nine to five:
Ihe circumference on the land side twinty-five thousand
(ive hundred Rhineland fiet, surrounded by a wall of
regular bastions, and a wet ditch, bordered by a row of
trees.
It is supposed that the first foundation of tlie city was
laid along the borders of the .\mstel, which is now the
centre. All this part, down to the Ai, is Irregularly
bailt, and is surrounded by the Amstel and its branches,
the Roken and the Damrack. The streets ai.d canals
in this cpiarter arc named the Burgwals ; and this part
of the city still retains the name of the ' Oucle Zyde.'
Perhaps the earliest building of a public nature is the
old Waug, or Weighing-house. The more recent, regu-
lar, and well-built streets follow a direction round this
cluster, and are parallel to each other, and each of them
a crescent, continued from one angle of the city to tlio
other.
It could only have been when the city had attained a
high degree of prosperity that these magnificent streets
were laid out and built. Their names are the Hecren
Graglit, the Keyscr's Graght, and the I'rincen Graght ;
three streets that are not easily to be matched in any
other town or city of Europe for their length, width,
and the grandeur and elegance of their buildings. They
are parallel, as we have said, to each other ; but take the
general shape of the town, which is that of a |)olygonal
crescent, having all the lines [icrfeetly straight between
the angular [loiiits. These stieets are each abc^ut two miles
in length, two hundred and twenty feet iu width, bounded
by large and elegant dwelling houses, with ii roiial down
the middle, crossed by iimiierous stone bridges, and
bordered by rows of large trees of oak, elm, and linden,
on each side, not inferior to those of the Boomtjes of
Rotterdam.
The numerous canals of Amsterdam, it is said, divide
the city into ninety ditTerent islands, communicating
by two hundred and eighty bridges, cither of stone or
of wood, the latter being drawbridges, nnd many of the
former having sluices to open in the centre for the pass-
age of boats, and others for the purimse of regulating
the level of tlie water in the canals. These sluices are
so placed and so well attended to, that little dangi r or
damage is now apprehended from high tides and storms
on the Zuyder Zee, which, in former times, was but texi
frequently experienced.
The mixture of the muddy water of the Amstel with
the seawater from the .'li, the filth from the sewers, trom
the houses, and the streets, and the olTal from the mul-
titude of vessels that are moored in the canals, most of
them inhabited l.y whole families, must necessarily have
the effect of creating a smell at no t i me agreeable, and some-
times highly ort'ensive. Nor is the unpleasant sensation
at all diminished by easting a glance at Uie colour which
the surface of the water invariably bears, being that of a
rich olivaceous green. The smell, however, except in
tlic lower and more busy parts of the city, is scarcely
perceptible-, unless, indeed, as the old proverb insinuates,
llie water be stirred up, which must happen whenever
one of the vessels moves her iK'rtli along the canal.
It is then gnre I'eau ; and the street passenger, if he bo
to Ic^eward, will do well to cross the first bridge he meets
with, and get to windward as fast as he possibly can.
This peculiar eflUivia has been supposed by some to be
injurious to the human constitution, and yet few cities
an boast of a more robust and li(;althy set of inhabitants
than those are of Amsterdam. It is said to be a fact,
however, that no cavalry regiment is ever kept at Am-
sterdam, as the horses nil become ill, nnd many havo
died, from the badness, as is supposed, of the water.
'I'hc town is served with fresh water from the river
Veehl, five or six miles distant, and carried round in
carts ; most of tlie houses, however, have cisterns to re-
ceive the rain water. It is not iin|)ossible, tliat if tlio
water of the canals was not occasionally driven out into
t'.ie .'/(', by the admissiem of the pure iresh water of tho
Amstel, the air might beeunic infected, and serious sick-
ness ensue. Bo that as it may, it does not opjiear that
I
m
■^'§'
70
A Torn THRoi'cm south iioi.i.ano.
;:
.IS,
t. ...
r
1:1
^i-
■■r f
1, •*»,
:i> ^ :-;
H^
Amsterdam is more iiiihciillliy than other towns ol' Hol-
land, or subject to any partieiilar endcinie diseases. A
humid atmosphere prod, ices here, as it every where else
docs, fevers and coughs; but aijaiiist the elVccts ol* such
a chilling air the natives tiikc care to supply tlicm.«elves
with thick an<l warm clothing j in nddilion to which the
women, who lead a very sedentary lil'e, place the leet on
a little woodi'ii stool under their petticoats, in which is a
email pan ol' burning charcoal ; anil the men, in order to
fortiiy themselveB against the banefnl eireels of such an
atmosphere, arc saiil to drink plenty of gin, and smoke
tobacco. This may be so ; but it is lair to mention, that
\vc never saw a Uutchman drunk in the streets, not
even among the lower classes. Indeed so strict is the
police of Amsteri'am, that a beastly drunkard would not
be tolerated in public.
Whoever is desirous of seeing human ingenuity and
human industry most succcssl'uily and most extensively
exerted, for the ptirpose of counteracting the injurious
ctVeet of one of Iho most powirful and destructive ele-
ments, and by means the most simple, nuist \isit llnllaiul,
anil more particularly Amsterdam. He will there see
mid admire the simple and cHeetnal means that h:ive
been adopted for th(^ security of Jlhi' town, by bringing
the waters under coinpleto control.
The whole extent of the sea front, with the qu.iys and
the shipping, is protected from injury by a doid)le stock-
ade of strong, square, wooden posts, known by the name
of Aooinin or barriers, extending at a distance from the
quay along the whole line of the city, from the north-
vi'cst to the southeast coiner, a distance of two miles
and a half These large beams of wooil are firmly lixeil
in pairs, with openings bitweeu each tier, at certain dis-
tances, to allow ships to pass them to and I'rom the
quays. Of these openings or passages thiTC are twenty-
one, all of which are closed by night ; so that nc.tliing
can arrive at, or depart from, the quay till they are sit
open. Ily means of these barriers, the injurious etl'ects of
the waves on the wharf wall, by leing divi<leil and dis-
persed, as well as of masses of ice driven down from the
northward, ore completely obviated.
All the (piays, anil, indeed, every house in .Vinsterdam,
are built upon piles ; anil as each of Ihesi' is a large tree
or baulk of timber, of forty or \\(\y I'eet in length, some
idea may be liirnud of the expense of building in .\m.
Kterilam, as well as of the innnense quantity of timhir
that nnist have been brought thilher for tiiis purpose
alone. It is reei.: led that the number of piles on which
the old Town House, now the Koyal Palace, is built,
aniount-< to upwards of thirteen thousand.
Indeed the industry of the Dutch is not to he surpassed ;
niul It is exereised, not only with great skill and ingenuity,
but also with iude'aligahle perseveranee ; otiii raise they
never could have sueei edeil in aieomplishing such great
undcrtakin;,'s with such snnill means.
l)n no occasion, pehaps, is this ingenuity aiul perse-
vcrnnee more displayed than in the means employed in
conquering tlie waters of the ocean, niiil in bringing
under snhjeelion the rivers, lakes, and canals with whiih
thev are snrrouniled on every side, by me, ins ol' shiiees,
drains, dilehcs, and wiinhmlls, of the last of which, for
this and other piirposoe, such as sawing wood, grinding
corn, an 1 crushing Hceds for nil, the number in the
vicinity of all their towuH and eilieii is pcrliclly as-
tonishing.
These windmills are .•emarkable objects on the Iloule-
Varils of .\mslerilam. Thiie are no less than thirty
Imstions in the line of forlifiealion on the l.inil side, ami
on each bastion is a windmill, of a deseriptiou larger
than eommoii, fir grimling corn, and other piir|)oses.
ll is whimsleiil enough that, snr'oundi d as they are with
water on every side, there is not a watermill in the whole
oountry. It smteil their purpose bitter 'o raise a con-
tention iM'tweeii the elements, by employing the wind to
drive o it the water. Neccsvilv, indeed, taught the Hol-
lander this ; liir it' it were not lor the eomplele subjidioii
in which the waters are held by lhi.t and other means,
the eilv of Amsterdam might, at any one iuom"nt. In
nllogether snliuuTged. The idea of such a eala,,iity, hap-
iK'iiing to r city which is stated to emit lin near two
iiinilred tlioiisanil inhabit nils, imIIs for every |irecautloii
'ii.it can Ih' pill in praelice to avert it.
Of this niimhcr of inlmbitant!", eonsislinjr ehielly ol
("alviniM", Catholics, I.ulhcraiis, and Jews, by far the
(f-erli" part are engaged ill scune kind of commerce or
nll,,,r — lew of them in inanufaclMrcs, exeepi sneh as an
in everv-dav use, and for home consiiinplion. Many ol
the nrlisnns and the p'lorer classen inhabit the cellars
under the hniineii of the more opulent, ami n great many
r'nltlr conKlnntly nn the water, in rntnlorlitile npnrtnienl"
built on the upper decks of their trading vessels, more
particularly those employed in the inland navig.itions.
In this and in many other respects the Ontcli bear a
strong resemblance to theC'hinesc ; like this industrious
and economical race, they keep their hogs, their ducks,
mil other domestic animals constantly on board. Their
ipartmcntH arc kept in a state of great neatness ; the
women employ themselves in all the domestic oHic.es,
and are assiduous in embellishing their little sittiug-
roonis with Iho labours of the needle, and many of them
have little gardens of tulips, hyacinths, anemones, and
rioiis other llowcrs. JSoinc of these vessels arc ol
great length, but generally narrow, suitable to the canals
and sluices of the towns. lOacli vessel is generally
navigated by the niembers of one family, of which the
fcittalc pait is by no ineuns the least useful, nothing being
more common than to see the women steering, poling,
hauling the ropes, or employed on some other duties i>l'
the crall.
It must be obvious that great quanlitiis of innd will
be deposited in these canals, and that a constant expense
of lalKiur must he incurred in keeping them clear. This
is as much a jiublic eonccru as the cleaning of our streets
is by scavengers. They employ for this purpose a
dredging machine, worked by horses, instead of a steam-
engine, w liich we make use of in tjic Thames and the
doek-yards.
One of our first visits was to the dock-yard situated at
the southern extremily of the quay, on the island of
Ivaltcnhnrg. It was in the dusk of the evening, and the
guard was already set ; but the ollieer nn guard very
civilly viilunteered to wait on the admiral who ordered
that we should be inmiediati ly admitted.
It has the advantage of a maguilicent basin eommuni-
ealing with the .li, at the upper end of which, arranged
in a straigin line, are live slips liir building ships of
the line, with a scries of roofs over each slip, hut
iiniled so as to form one continued hnildlng. -Ad-
|oining these were lour other slips, roofed over, for the
largest class of I'ligates; and in other parts of the yard
were IweKe smaller slips, also roofed, for sloops, schnyts,
and other small erall. The larger roofs had each a
gallery round them within, just under the pitch of 'hi
roof On cnquiriig for what purpose these galleries
were made, we wi re told that the only use made of them
was to accomuioilate spectators to view the launch of the
ship.
'i'hcre was hnt one ship of the line bnilding, the .Jupiter,
of seventy-four guns. She Mad a round stern, and was
nearly ri'iuly ; tin re were also two furty-t'our gun frigates,
mil t«o twenty gun shiiqis. tin observing to our eon-
ilni tor that it ap|Mareil they hiiil adopted all our late im-
provements, both here and at Itollcrilam — ronnil sterns,
ili:igon;.l braces, filling in bilvveen the timbers, &C. — he
s:iid thev could not follow a heller example.
riiiTc was very little timber in tin yard. It is inoslly
livid from the forests of Ilrabant and i''lanili'rs,aiul is
hroiight to .\insli rilaiii ready sqiiari il, and siani times
fashioneil, by which a great expense of carriage is saved.
What other stores they might have, we could not learn;
liiit the person who went round with us supposed they
iniglit he siillieient to enable them to send a .^lii|i to sea
of each class. It was, in fact, too late to go Ihrough the
inaga/iiic or store bouse, which is a magiiiliccnl building
at the entrance of the yard. Its dimensious are two
hundred and twenty by two linndrcil feel; and il is six,
if not seven, stories high. An iii^eriptii'ti informs us that
it was built in the year Ul."i(!, and completed ready liir use
in nine months.
In a line at tin upper end of the yard, nnd close behind
the I irgest of llir roofed tiers of slips, is a long range of
buildings, kept ill very neat order, consisting of the olli-
eers' houses, and the iliirerent olliees and workshops nf
the several trains, among which we iiiilieeil the bloek-
niaker's, the jnitier's, the earverV, the hiaeksiiiith's, the
hoii>e.iarpeiiter's, and many others, the whole line oecii-
pyiiig a space of not less than a qnarler of a mile.
'I'he number of ineii employed was staled to' he about
one thousand live Imiidred of all ilenoniinations, and that
all the liboiir of the yard was done by hand, and mostly
bv task and job. Time appi and to be yo great cxettinii
oil the part of those who Mire at work. We observed
twenlytwo men employed, l«o and two, in carrying a
plank on tlnir »l iilders, and they moved with it jn»l as
we see the conviiis Nauiitering along in I'oitsnionth ili i k-
varil. Some small iraU were on the stocks; and a very
beautiliil vai lit, dauls'il oMr with gold and blue paint, and
eai veil with no mean workmanship, had just Ihiii fmished
for the use of King William. The only -hip of war alliml
w nr a iVigale lyin(t in the basin, housed over in the same
nmiincr an we ncf oiir «hip« in ordinary.
In fact Amsterdam lias always been considered ii«;
very indilVereiit port, whether lor nicrchantmcn or thiy
)f war, on account of the shallowness of water, the slioib
ind the ditlicnlly of the navigation of the Zuyder Zn
That dillieully has, however, in some degree been obvi;'
■d within these few years, by opening a ship canal I'rr;:
the Hcldcr to a point opposite to Amsterdam.
This gn-at port, from which it is said about two thw
sand sea-going vessels annually clear cutwards, had ;,
itlier communiealion w itii the ocean than by the Pnmft.
■lianncl into the Zuyder Zee, by which, added to ij.
dangers of the navigation, outward bound ships had fr
qucntly lo coiitend with the prevailing adverse wirj
from the northward. Then the Pampus channel, «! i,
connects the Zuyder Zee with the Ai, is so narrow, ar
o constantly barred up, that large vessels were unable
pass it at all, without loading or unloading by nieunii
lighters, or being tloated in and out on camels. To t!
viate thftie inconveniences, the government resolved
culling a ship canal from the Hcldcr to Hnyksluys, ir
mediately o]i|iosite Amsterdam. This canal, which >
lifty miles long, one hundred and twenty-live feet wide
ihe surface, thirty -eight feet at the bottom, and twit
I'ect deep, was eoinincneed in 18111, and finished in \K
at the expense, it is said, of about seven hundred and 11
thousand pound.-i sterling. The level ot the water is p
served by means of flood-gates at the two extremilief,
Ihe level i5f spring tides; when, at high water, the cji
are thrown open to supply any waste that may hnvc I*
occasioned during the neap tides ; but it has other scare
from whence it draws a supply of water as it paM'
through the country. Its course commences at the Pi
close to the Hcldcr, where a pier had for some yenrsp
bun thrown out into the Zuyder Zee. From hiiirf
runs parallel to the coast, along the sea-dyke, as liir:
I'elten ; from thence a little easterly to Alekniar ; llur
l.ikes nn easterly direction to I'urniereenal; theniY
rei tly south to iluykshiys, which is directly op|Misilr
.Vinsterdam, and just where the Ai, in its passage In!:
Zuyder Zee, has been conlraeted by an artificial dyki,
create a < iirrcnt for the purpose of scouring out the il-
ml, and preserving a sullieient depth of water in llu' ;
of .\nisterilaiii.
On the published plan of this canal are marked a ilm;'
set of tlooilgales at each extremily, and two or three oil ■
in the interior, for no other purpose, it would appear, li
lo retain the water; for as the whole line of coinilrv
perfeelly levi I, no hieks, of course, were necessary,
the print is represented a forty-six gun frigate, am!
Iirge Indiaman, of a thousand tons burden, pii-s
Ihrough Ihe sliiiee;i at the same tin',', in the )ear 1'.
when the canal was llrst opened. They are reprcsii
IS being dragged by six (ir eight horses, each at a t-i'i-
not less than three miles an hour. This work iiit
prove of 'he greatest importance to Amslcrdaiii, ;
renii'dy most ot' its eommereial ineoiixenii'iices, ImiI :
that, which is alsive human skill to remedy, of hi
shut up foi two or Ihrie ni"utlis ill the year, and soi:
times longer, by ice. The groiind, however, is of sn I'
a texture, that the banks had given way ill several \iU-
anil i: was appi. Iniided that u constant e;viH'nse «i.
be ineiirreil in lliilr repair.
The piihlie hiiildings in Amsterdam are, perhap*, "
remarkable than in iiiosi other cities of the ('oiiIiih
but it may be ilonbtid if the city itself, as lo llic «:
;;iiil magnitude of the dwellinghonscs, the width I'l
streets, the broiid sheets of water, bordered by the lit-
trees, has any superior in I'.nrope. A house with n;
teii, or twelve windows on the same Hour in frniit.t
«ilh four, five, or even six stories in height, is iii'l:
I'ommon in the three great Hirecis we have spokiiin
the upper part of the town. .V pair of folding lif
usually lead into a eoiitt-yard, round which are nrr.ir;
the difi'iTent iillieis, the eoach-house.and stables, nadu
I'nqiieiitly a neat garden In hind all; nnd where ll'i'
wanting, there are usually some fine llowering flir
iiiostly the oleander and iiiyrtle, placed in pots i<r '
loiiiiii Ihe court yanl. These splendid houses were aii-
built in the days of prospi rity, when Ihe De Will»,i'
He Ilnyter>,, and Van 'I'toinps, so nobly (i.a)inli'd >
r'nglanil the somti igiity of the ocean.
In some part of tlie Iroiit of the very fnsi lioiipm.:
generally in the gable or highest story, May he oliw"
a beam of wood piiijectiiig a li'W feel, in which is » I
and shelve fur hoisting up goods, furniture, or arliiv
merehaiidisi Inr however wealthy a niili'liiKnii iinii
or of wliati \< r rank, he has no olqeclion lo /,u"/i nail'
<iin/i n little; that is lo say, to buy nnd sell. In llirc
of priw|ii rity, nn Opiier Koopmnn was the highot h*
rary title that coiiltl be given in their II di«n potn"''
In fiousr^, however, where inerehRnHisr WR* never Id'
Wttf be re
nim< i' K'
qi*tly to
ii#aDut
Mfown t<
IPhcre
til9«tteiitii
OTiilBotcI
Bl^parte,
•kaiof
ilWfc'Prcser
tl«*lcs h''
difUed be
A TOrR THROUGH SOUTH IIOLIiANI).
77
'8 been coiisulereil ni ;
r nurchanlmcn or fhi|'
iiesH of water, the bIioii.
lion of thi Ziiycicr Z(i
some degree been obvi;-
leninjj a nliip eanal ltd:
1 Anisterdiini.
t is said about two Iho',
r elear cutwarde, liail •,
ccan Iban by the Pamft.
by which, added to i;.
ard bound »Wi[is had li<
irevailiiig udverse win
Panipus channel, wl;;
he Ai, is 90 narrow, j-
ge vcsfcIh were unable
r unloading by nicuni ,
out on camcli<. To c
government resolved
lelder to Huyksluys, i;
1. This eanal, whiili
id twenty. five feet wide
the bottom, and twn
81!), and finished in 1^:
lit seven hundred and li
• level ot the water k p
at the two extremitipt.
I, at high water, the p!
waste liiat may have k'
s ; but it has other f ourc
ly of water as it |ms.
e commences at the Pi
rr had for nomc years |>;
der Zee. From luiirf
g the sea-dyUe, as far
iterly to Alckniar; tlur
Purinereenal ; thence
icli is directly opiHiMlr
c Ai, in its passage In'
'd by an artificial dyke
I' of scouring out the il'
depth of water in the [
canal are marked a i\w:
ity,und two or three oil ■
pose, it would appear.i:
I whole line of counlrv
irse, were necessary,
six gun frigate, nut
d tons burden, pn->,
till'.-, in the year 1'.
They are reprcMi
horscf, each at a sj''
lour. This work iir
ICC to Anislerdani,
ineoiivcnien<'es, bill ;
ill to remedy, of U:
ill the year, ami >"i
d, however, is of »<i I ■
en way in several pL
constant e\(H'n8C wi.
ty.i
<tc
!h<
1"
crdaiu are, |)erhnp«, '
( itics of the; I'onliiii
ity itself, as to llie rf
louses, the width il
bordered by the li:
A hoiin' with II.
same lloor in freiit, ;
IS ill height, is iinl
Ih we have spoki ii ■
\ pair of folding »
oniid which are nrran,
use, anil stjldes, iiiidi'
1 all ; and where 111'
fine llowerilig sin
pliieeil ill |Mit« "I
ciidiil houses were nir
when the De WillM
, so nobly d.apiUciI >
oteuii.
the very flis, JHjUffiiS
<t story, May lie olHKf^
feet, in wliieh i««*"
s, I'liriiitiiie, i-r artici''
mill
th
Dulchi
b|ecllon til I""/! nail"
iiy and sell. In thrt:
liii was the higliot l<
1 their li (lian |m»n"
iilifcp was nr\er th'
a( this apparalua lor hoisting up goods is fitted. It marks
a JIftiiictivc -liaracter in the people. Wlialever furniture
nu^ be required lor an I'Jiiglish drawiiigroom or bed.
r<Min, it goes ill at the door and is carried up stairs, i'tv-
qiMntly to the detriment of the stairease. Whatever goes
UMV a Dutch house is hoisted up to the highest story and
ItMlown to its proper phcc.
There is one building in Amsterdam wliieh cominands
til* mtteiition of all strangers. This is the old Stadhuis,
W Hotel de Ville, *liich that [Kior simple man, Louis
BMapiirle, when created king of IluUaiiil, took posscs-
■ioa of ill 180ri, ar his palace, and which king Willijiii
tliU preserves in that eiiaracter, though he very rarely
troobles Irs good city of Amsterdam, his residence being
(UvUed between the Hague and Hrussels. The Dutch
ooMider this palac^e as the eighth wondei of llio world.
It ilaiids on a large o|ien space, called the Dam, rising
wilk a gentle ascent from the head of the great caii.il,
■MBed the Uanirak. It measures in trout two hundred
MMI ciglily-two ti'et, ill depth twi liiiiidriil and tweiity-
twgfcet, and in lieighl one hiunhed anil sixteen lect,aiid
widl the tower and cupola, one hundred and eighty-three
fttt. On the fa(;ade, and ranged along the second story,
thwe are thirty pilasters of the eoiiiposile order, each
thilty-six feet high ; a Kecoiid range of the ( orinthiaii
oHtr forms a third story. This second eoloniiaile, of
thi laine height as those below, KU|ipurts the entablature,
Mkof which rivs a |Midimeiit, whose base is eighty-two
IIhII, and {lerpendieular height eigiitecn fiiel. A line piece
ajfunarble sculpture ornaments this |H<diiiieiil. 'J'lie eily
of Amsterdaiii is represented under the tigiire of a female
Wl^iog an imperial crown, aiitl holding an olive branch
isAc" hand. On her htV is an eseutelicoii bearing the
I anus. She is attended by Neptune armed with lii.i
■lit, and silting in his car, drawn by sea iinieorns, .so
I are called, and aecoiiipanied by N'ai.ids ami Tritons
I their eoiieli shells, as if annoiineiiig to the worlil the
f"n of this line i ily. On the cornice of this front are
tbW III" length figures in bronze, said to be each twelve
ftft lo^'h, representing l'iiici\ I'luilnicr, ami Jimlirr,
Otttlie back front are also three figures, the centre one
npresciitiiig an Atlas Ix'aring an enormous globe, witli
rtp/iciiiiirf on one side, and \ ii;iliiiire on the other,
ill'e were disappointed in not seeing the interior, a
■tivc order having Uen reeeived to admit no one at
ttiiiie \vc were there, as the young prince ol Holland
T daily ex|«>eled. It seems, however, there is lint one
fl\ that is deserving of particular notice, but lliat one
represented as the finest in Europe. It is the hall
p^, tlio dimensions of which are said to he one hiiii-
1 and twenty feet long, lil'ty.five wide, and ninety liel
(hen King Iioiiis took possession of the Stadhiiis, the
i and municipal authorities removed into a building
Jtlie neighbourhood which was once a eonvciil, lint
Ivertcd ut the liolorinatiun into the Prince's Hotel,
I Bubseiiueni y becainc the .Vdmiralty. It is a large
'ding, surrounding a square court, in the middle of
cli is a fountain.
["here are at least ten or twelve elr.irchcK of the istab-
hI religion in Amsterdam, and churches and chapels
ilinost every other sort that can be named. ,\l one
the Diilcli were iiitolerunt ill Ihi' highest degree;
(.'atholicH, Lutherans, Jews, and .Viiabaptists, and
• oilier sect, were prohibited from holding iiiiv public
of worship, hut were obliged to congrigate ill pri
I houses. Now, however, they are allowed to asseinble,
his own church or chapel, for the perlormanee of
llie service ; but even yet none of llieiii are allowed
me of IhIIs, and some ate not |S'riiiilled to raise a
r or spire, lint only a simple turret or cupola.
"1 many, indeed, of the established churches have
' towers or spires ; these are ol' no particular eliiss or
■ of archileitiirc, lint nevertheless are of good pro-
ions mill ph'iising designs. PerhapH they may Im'
|icd. Ill point of size and height, with the iower and
i ufSi, Martin's in the Fields, and in point of gene,
ipii'iiranre in the areliitei turi', to St. Slury's or the
' cliiinh 111 the Stranil.
'he rel'onners, in taking imssession of tl' • liomaii
Piiilir iliurelies, tvsik care to strip them of eveiy oriia-
hi and deeoniliiin that could Ih' removed or ticliiied,
kiciilarly pictiircH and statues ; they threw down the
In, and hiivi- shut out from iiiibhe view the choir, at
I Iliad if which the grand altar used to stand; tlnv
deinohslied the clia|Mls ami their altars. Thu's
bl"''!. the traveller fids little eiiriosit) in e^.'i ring u
IcIi chnrcli,
I" 'I hi ilnirrli that was dedicated to Ht. Nicholas,
naiil, WHS tt statue of the saint as I irgc as lil'e, of
M silver, which tliii t'alviiiistn puUcd down and molted.
together with the eandelabras and other pieces of plate
belonging to the ehnreh. Here, as in the other cliurclus
vvc have sci'ii, a balustrade of bronze separates the choir
from the body of the church, and on its cornice is an in-
scription in Dutch, containing the following piece of his-
tory : — "The abuse introduced from lime to time into
the oliurch of (iod was here exploded in the year 1,)78."
'I'he allar, as usual, has totally disappeared, and a
small plain pulpit supplies its placi', from which eale-
eliuincns are examined and eonliniied, and marriages
solemnised. In other parts of the ehiirch are sevirul
inonuinents, not very interesting, though generally in ii
better state i " cvcculion than we liiid llieiii in our own
ihurches.
'I'liere are, however, three large |>ainted windows on tlii'
loll transept as we go up the nave, which; though eoni-
pli'tely ("utholie, the reforining icMiioeliisIs have spared.
We all ag''eed ill considering tliciii by iiiucli the be.-l
paintings on glass we had ever met w ,U\ ; and tliire is a
liistory altaehed to tlieiii, which is Ik lieved to be true,
and which ap|H'ars ';o be borne out by eircuni.slaiii'cs.
'I'wo of these windows wire the gill of a wealthy liiirgo-
niaster, of the iiaiiie of Claas Van Hoppeii. I'laas was
accused of heresy, and of t'avonrinir the new or rclornied
reliyion. 'i'lie priests and his conl'es.sor threatened him
with cxcoinniunicalion nnli'ss he recanted, and iiiinie-
diiitcly undertook a pilgrimagi^ to lionic, to obtain iiliso-
liition t'roiii till' pope, who had, no doubt, previously liccii
made acquainted with his wealthy circiiinstanecs, and
also thiit he was a Ijiiii nviiiil. The |ieiiaiicc iinpuscd by
his Holiness was, that he should make a present of two
painted gl.iss winilows to the eliureh of St. Nicholas,
and that for one v hole year he slioulil ill ink notliing but
v.iiter. 'I'he ev^iensc of the glass windows was lint a
trillc to a man of his great wealth; lint having never
been a water drinker, he lilt eonvineed of his inaiiilily
to I'lillil that part of the piiiii.i|iiiiciit. He tliercliire so-
licited a second aiidienee, at which he aeqiiainlcil his
!Iiilincss that the water of .Vmstcrdaiii was so iinwlnde-
soine that no body drank it plain; and all he ri.|iiestid
was to be pcrinilti'il to add a lew griiins of corn to cor-
rect its ioipiirilies, or lie fi'an d he should die hcl'ore the
windows were finished. The po|H' assenteil to tliii rea-
sonable riiiiiesi, and ('bias Van Hoppeii took good (?are
to malt Ills vvaler well.
'Mie eoriier, in which these windows are, is eaUed tie
\ rovvcii Iv'iiir, or woiiirii's choir, there being a grc iil
iiiiiiiber of li'inale figures painted in the act of prayer.
The arms also of the Van lloppi n family are paintcii on
llie i;lnss, iiiiil eiirved also on a toinlistiiiic.
'i'he siibjiv t of the paintiiii; on the first window is the
I'S.ilol.ilioM III' the Virgin Mary by the Angel (i.iliriel."
The second, thr •• Visit to the \irgiii by her eoiii.iii Kli-
zalietli." ilenealli are the two nposlles. Si. P. ler iind Si.
Paul. On eaeii side arc a nni.ilier ot' persons on llieir
knees, mill among the group on the ritlit is a man cl id
in a grey frnek, who i., supposed to In Van Hoppeii; and
till:. IS tiic more probal ie, as near to lii.ii is repicscnl d
a bishop with his croi ier, on which ore writlcn these
words: — " .Nemo lieditiii nisi n sc ipso,"
Hcaiiliiiil as thesi' two windows are, the third is still
more so, and obvinusly painted by a dilVi rent artist. It
reprc'i'ii'i a perHoii, snpposid lo be the Holy Virgin, im
her death U'll. She is laisiil up by her utlcnd.ints, and
liolils a lighted ciindle in Inr hand, tlie tlaiiie of vvliicl. is
111 piTli'ctly natural that Ihe spcilator can seareilv be
licve it not to lu' so. A iiiimcrous group surround the
.'iiiieli while she is apparently receiving the iiiilifiiin ;
and a host of angels hover above, ready to connv th.-
loiil of the dyiii;f saint to the regions of bliss. There i«
iilolhi r w 'iiilow heliind the choir loverid w ith the paiiitid
inns .11 all the biiriroiiiiislers, I'roiii the reloinialioii of
I.jVsI ilo'.vn to Mil present time, Tlos church bus what
iiav Ih' called iiii elegant tower and ,^pirc, said lo be two
iimdred iind liHy feet lii|i|i. In Klill i: wa i liodilv Iiiiil
lip by sell vvs, to eniible the worhmen to repiir the foiin.
ilation. It is remarked I'ur a fni set of eaiillons, which
emit pleasing silvery liiiies.
'I'he new elmri'i, origiii;illy Jediuuted tn St. Peli r,
iw to Si. Catlicriiie, .■,laiids on the Dam, elisc to the
palace' and new as il was, no doiil I, at the time, it i,
now more haii three humlri'il yciirs old. It is said lo In
built on Ihe model of the eathednil of Aiiiii iis. The il|.
nensions are set ilov> n as three liundrid and liriieii I'l el
oiig, bv two hmidred and leii broad; itiiil it is lighted bv
111 li'«s than seventy live large windows. It eoiilaiiis
oincofthe Is'st iiiiiderii nioninnents In Itnlland, parlii ii.
larly oiic of Admiral de Hir ti r, which has iisur|Hil the
pliiee of the grand iillar, 'the pulpit is a giuHl specimen
of curved work in wood, siipjiortcd by figuri s of llie fiiiir
Kviiii|{cli>ts.
liesiiles the steeples or spires of the clinrchcs, there
arc four or five lol'ly towers scattered in ilitli rent parts
of Ihe eily, most of wliieh have their clocks anil carillons.
One of these, standing on the quay, is the Herring Tower,
at which the eompaiiy of mcrcliants conieriied in the her-
ring fishery hold their mecliiujs iiiiil keep their aecoimts;
and this spot, on the return of the boats from the fishery,
is said to exhibit one of the busiest scenes that occur ill
this great capital. There is another lower on the quay,
named the Scr.iyershock 'I'oor, or the lower of the
inoiirners, so called t'roiii its standing; nn iji,. fnuA where
the wives and ehildren of seamen were aecustomed to
lake leave of their hnsliands and I'athers on embarking
on fiircign voyages. It is now converted into i llices for
those who are charged with the diilies ot'thc port.
From the cliiirchcs we pioeeedcd lovievv tlie National
.Miiseiim of Pii'tmes in the Ti ippenlinis on the Klove-
nierslmrgwal, vvliieh is open daily, except Smidiiys, to
slranccrs. The name is taken from that of llic original
owner ot'thc house, which was Triji.
it is a good bnihling I'onlaining, on two lloors, seven
or eight roiiins, well filled with nearly five liiindriil pic-
tiiri's, ehietly of the Diilch and Fh misli sehools, and
many of them among the liiicst s|H'ciiiiens of the several
masters. Some of the lust were rcnioved from Ihe Stad-
liuis when it liceame the palaci' ; and to these were added
others Ilia! were purchasid at the public expense from
private collcclion.s. All which are described in the guide
Isioks.
The total wont of spcciincns of the school of Italian
painling, might render the ninscmn of .Amsterdam of no
great csliniation in the eyes of those who can see nothing
worth bestow iiig a look upon, but siili|ccls Ircaled in Ihe
manner wliieli they are pleased to style the //r»ii iilral ;
Ihat is III say, to pruihiee soincthiiii; llmt does not exuclly
exist in iialme, but siq rior to it — iiiigelic features, su-
pirhmnan foriiis, and beings created out of the fervour
.if a heated and liixiiriunl imagination; the story wrapt
lip ill some hidden meaning, which ijoiie but the' painter
l.iiiiseif can understand or explain; gods and goddesses,
nymphs, ciipids, I'awi.s, and salyrs — In slmrl, any thing
that is not human or natural, if painled wilh line ilowing
lilies and warm eoloiiriiig, is extolli il as the link which
coiiiieels pointing w ith pui try ; and so far the cuiiceptioii
is just, as liolii of theiii, lo i n.-ine the praise and admira-
tion of their votaries, must deal in liclioii. The Dutch
and Fh'inish paiiitirs !,re .iioslly content to lidlow na-
liirc, and only fail when they all'i nipt n.iin thing that is
beyond her. Hubens hiiiisrlf never siiccicds so ill as
where he alti iiipts w hat iv i ailed allegory. It is in soiiio
of those pieces where he liiiind il necessary lo introduce
cr< atiiics like iiolliing that exists on earth, 'and where his
linialis are such imeoiith beings, as alinost to jiislify llie
rcsi iiililiiiiie thiy were said by one of his critics to' hear
to l''laiiilers' I'larcs,
< )in nevt visit was In the park or plantation— /l^/H^/;■if,
as it is generally called by the iiiliabitanls. Il is sitiialed
mar the sontliern extremity of the city, at the end of
that noble stiiel, the Hcereii (iraglil, and is Hiirronnded
by canals; iind, iieeonling to the space it ap|M'ars to oc-
eiipy on the plan, may be aliiiil one ihouMind yards loiijf
by live hnndreil broad ; or, in exleiil of siirliiii'l about one
hiindiid acres; il eontiiiiis some tolerably fine trees, and
is laid out ill straight walks, at right angles to i .leli other.
Near one cornel is a small botanical garden, consisting;
I'hietly of nil dii inal plants, bin not to be mciilioued ullur
the garden of la yihli.
Not fir from the park is the stone bridge nverthn Am-
r.li'1, where Ibis riven liters the city in n fine lironil sheet
of water, and willi so ('• "lie a current as scareely to Iw
neiceplihle. It is called, one knows not why, the (.over's
llriil^e. It Is said to lie six Iniiiiln i and sixty liel hmg,
and SI veiily liet wide ; it liasi li vm arches, with piers of
slone misoiiry iiiivi il with brlek.w.irk, uppari iitly of solid
and well.i'Mi'iitid workmanship. I''ri.iii the I'enlre of
this bridge is a favoiiralde view ol' the eily on one side,
and on the other an extensive prospect ovi'i the lint siir-
I'acc of Ibis singular eomilry, divided into s<piuies and
piiallrlograins, iiy means of dyk s and dilehes, cnlird
polders; spiicis that eniilaiii, nilliin their boiindariea,
villas and gardens, wliieh arc kept ify Iiy iiiiiimieralili<
wiiidiiiills 1 iiipbiycd in piimplng out the vviiler.
Aseendiiig the quay of Ihe liiiiiini .\iiistel, or the rivor
within the city, we an I. d to the I'lmhangc, under wliieli
Il passes through a large arch; mid a! this point, over thn
einlrc of the arch, is eonspli imiisly pbieid the ("ninre of
Mercury, of u colossnl si/i — rather an odd iippenilaKP to
be si leeted as the guardian deity of the temple, wher-in
I II the nicieantili' imd money CMiieeriis ot'thc capital «r<i
Iruiisuetcd. For though tills winged griitli iiinii vvns lllo
prolecling deity ot coin fee, the Dutch were no doubt
M
■J.
'i ■
■i <
, X''
'■ ■ V
78
A TOUR THROUGH SOUTH HOLT.ANn.
■ ^^1
'I'
•rr i
i!ll
I?
aware, that ainong his other quahficatioiis, he liad the
reputation of being well versetl in the art of uppropriatiiiff
to hiiaselt" what belonged toothers, lie is also renowned
ibr activity and swiftness, whieh have not been supposed
among tliu most prominent leatures of the Duleli charac-
ter.
Like all the continental exchanges which resemble
oiu own, that of Amsterdam is a (piiidrangular building,
with an ojwn square space in the middle, round whieh is
an arcade or gallery, supported by forty-six columns,
each b<ing a|>propriaijd to some particular class of mer-
chants or traders ; and here people of all nations daily as-
Bcinble in crowds, at a particular hour, for the transac-
tion of business. 'I'his crowd wore a very J(;wisli and
shabby ap|Harancc, which made one of our party ohserv
that he never saw such a multitude of monied men to-
gether, that looked so very nmch like a set of pickpockets,
llaving since visitid the slock exchange of lioniion, and
the bank rotunda, he is (pule ready to qualily the harsh
opinion he had pronounced on the merchants and money-
ciiangers of .Vmslcrdam.
A similar crowd, with a gnoil sprinkling of Jews, were
loitering daily about the lottery olliccs, which are nu-
merous in the neighbouring streets, and particularly
almiit the Dam. 'I'lic prevalence of gambling is a vice,
from which the Dutch government has no scruple in de-
riving a considerable revenue.
The little time we had to spare would not admit of oiu'
visiting all the numerous institutions with which this
city abounds, for the alleviation of human misiry and
distress 'II all their various slia|Hs. 'I'he several hospi-
tals, generally kept distinct, for the reccplion of thi'aged,
the inlirm, and the desolate; the blinil, the k.me, the
widows, and nrpliaiis; Icpr foundlings, and for those de-
prived of reason ; of « hich, taken logilher, there appears
to Im' not fewer than forty, most of them large and con-
venient buildings. 'I'he various prisons, and bouses of
correction and of industry, are said to lie unili r a better
BVNleni of control and management, than arc most of a
similar description in other parts of Kurope.
These several cslablishiiK iits have been founded by,
and derivi' their support either from the public, tlie seve-
ral religious .''Oiietiei, or rich individuals, p.irtieiilarly
widows who are lel\ in good eireumstanees, and who arc
frequently most liberal contributors I" charities of this
kind. Hut to make ourselves aci|nainled with the details
of the management of institutions of this kind required
too iiukIi time liir a llyiiig visit, anil we were theieliire
reluelantly obliged to bi' satislii (I with viewing, as we
did most of lliem, I'XtiTiially.
\Vlielher these various establishments are capable of
relleviinr the whole mass of hiiinan wretehedness which
this capital, in common with all large cities, must con-
tain, would require a long resilience to determiiu ; bill
Wi' could iiol help in.ikliig the same remark here as in
Itiitterd.im — that in all our raiiihlcs we had not met with
a drunken |Mrson in the strei tsj nay, more. Unit we hail
not obseiAed a man, woman, or child, in rag--, or mi 1
with a rial object of compasunii in any part ol'llietown;
and till only U'ggars that ai rosled us, and those were in
Home 111" the lower parts of the Inwn, were decrepit old
men. The truth is, I'liit if a yuiing sturdy beggar should
Ih' discovered Ic.ising passengers liir alms, the police
would instantly sei/e hold of liim and send him at oiue
III one of the work-himn", wlien, if be refused to |ht-
form the task set him, he would In' treated with a spell
nt the pe.nip.
'I'hose who are al the head of the poli'e are not mi
iqueamish in llilliind ns sve iiie. There is none of that
I'earfiilni ss and timidity, — none of the iionsensieal
HiMci his and eonversations whiell our />(ig//()n/j of the
r.ast and of the U'eiit are ho I'oIiiI of imiking, for llie plea,
mireof SCI iiigtliemseKcBexlubitiil in the daily pa|K'rs, —
none of the I'lissiplng, for the gi iitleinen of tlie preKS to
dciail In their respietivc joii lals, whenever a rogue or
Vngtiboiid — i'»|M'eially one ol notoriety — liap|KliH to Im'
brought heliire them.
The law III llollind ii rlrarly dellncd, nnil, if the furt
Ih' proved, the iniigistrntc Ins ni other line to pursue than
to ilireet tlial the law shall take its course; iiiiil thus the
Iiiiblie III relnved from u imiMince, and so.iely In mliteil
ly the exninple. "All rogues, »agul>oiids, and slnrily
lii'^gars," wliicli the net of KlitalMth, in our nlatiite
InmiK, iirolesseK to set to work, the Dutch take gomi eare
■liall Ih' set to Work ; and they uNo lake care to have
ri'iidy in hand, what our statute likewise directs to have
111 hand, "n eonvenieiit st<i>'k of (lii<. hemp, wool, thrend,
corn, and other neiTsBary ware iiud :<(urt', lo set the jHior
on work."
T.I aid Ihr ]iiilice in the prnisinvorlliy lank of lindiiiK
lltalUI lilxmr for llic iwor ami idle, "The Morioly of
Kriendsof Humanity and Public Utility," have establish-
ed an agricultural colony called Frederik's-oord, near
^Sleellw•yk, on the eastern side of the Ztiyder Zee, win re
the land rises into barren heaths and downs. This insti-
tution is said to have answered so well, that the king of
Denmark undertook to form a similar establishment in
his doininions, whieh, however, tiiiled. "
No loose women arc permitled to infest the streets of
.Vmsterdain; and the public eye, therefore, is not oft'ended
by their indecent and immodest conduct. Private haunts
ot' inteinpcranec and debauchery, it is well known, arc
whikcd at, pcrhajis sanclioned,by the government, which
could not lie prevented either here or elsewhere; and on
tliis ground it may, |)crliaps, be deemed politic to allow
them, liut tlio.se disgusting dens of prolligaey, known
by the name of s/h i/-liouscs or tiiusaua, ti-iMiuenlcd by
both sexes, and to which, on certain days of the year, re-
spectable families vierc in the habit of taking their chil-
dren, to w itiiess scenes of vice in their most odious shape,
in order to disguiittlicm — a lesson of doubtful morality —
can scarcely now Im' said to exist, except among the very
lowest of the inhabitants.
The police of the city appears to be excellently regu-
lated. l{obbcries oi house-breaking arc of rare occur-
rence. The minisler intrusted with the police lakes care
to employ stout young men, who may be seen in the
evening walking in pairs ; and these are eH'ieient guard-
ians of ]icace and quiet during the night, (hir new and
excellent police establishment is not unlike that of Am-
sterdam.
Kxeepting about the quays, where there is always
some .sliinv of business and bustle, and in the Warmoos
."'^traat and Calvers Straal, in both of whieh are llie prin-
cipal shops lor all kinds of wares and mereliaiidi.se, and
wliich may l«' compared, in point of wealth, w i'h the
■Strand in London, but w ithoiil the advantage of its side
paveinenl.s, Amstcrilain appeared to Ih^ just as dull and
gloomy as the west end of London is in the month of
• htober; and this arose apparently from the same cause,
the merchants and gentry being at Ibis time absent at
llicir country villas, enjoying thenisclves, — some in the
s])orts of the field, contlncd mostly to the shooting of
rabbits, and others in the tulip and hyacinth bedsuftlicir
neatly-lrimnicd gardens.
It was generally adinitled that the trade, and conse-
quently 'he prosperity, of Amsterdam had not yet re-
covered, since the peace, from the shock which they had
here, as in Kottcrdaiii, cx|M'rienced by fraternizing with
the Kreiieh repnhlii alls ; and it was also admilled, as a
natural consequeiice, that the piqiulation had greatly dc-
I reaseil. The whale-tishery, once the source oi' great
we.ilth, had entin'ly eeasiil; and the Kast India trade
and possessions, to which had bt<'n niain'y owing the
prosperity, the splendour, and the inaritime |Hiweroflhe
nation, had now become a source of vast cx|H'iidilure,
witlioiil a hiqa' of their ever reeovering their ancient
pros|M lily.
.As a proof of the declining stale of Oricntol commerce,
tlie I), 1st India House and its inaga7,ii.es on the island of
(toslcniHirg are erumliling into ruins. 'I'liey are lully
SI iisilile that liny mver can, iind"r any eireunistances,
prill ml to compete .villi the Knglish and llie .Americans
in the Mast liidi.i and China trad''; and the opiniiin of the
soiiiiilest polilieians is, that the best thing llicy can do
would be to abandon the trade :iii(l posseKsions altogether.
'i'he bad iii.'inagcment iind grasping avarice of the
Diiteli sirvanlK in Java have created a relH'lhon amniii,'
liiiir millions o," jHople, wliniii thai active, intilligenl,
/I aloiis, iinil liuiiuiiK' govcri ir. Sir Sla iiliird llallles, had
made li.'ip|iv, pros|i<'roiis, and free. I'ndi r his rule they
had lieeii ' '■ veil I'roin the pnvvi r of Ihelr o| pri s 'iis, and
freed I'ro "1 that iiii|H'litie and iiii{uhI »yiitcin ol exactions
and forced deliveries of pnidiice, which tlin Mutch liad
iniiHiHcd on Iheir land and their labour.
It ivas a great mistake on our part, in the negotiations
for |M'iice, to have vahintarily surrindcrid this line isliind
and its four millioMs of |N'iiple to the Dutch, as an act ol'
generosily to u fiilliii nalinii, for as to any claim on us,
they had none. Tin y never were, and it was not likely
till y I ver would Isi nine, popiibir iiiiiong the JavaiieiH
Till ir pyHleni of (Hiliey has gone far to ruin ihis noble
iilaiid, niid llicy have rcn|M'd nothing but illa|;race, i<x-
|H use, and emlxirrassmeni.
The Name Indication, which aninnnis nearly (o iirmif
ofa decreasing iMipnIatioii, that we noticed in olberlnwii"
of llollanil, struck us forcibly here. We did nut ne a
slnule new house, or n house building In all Aiiislerdam ;
but we dill olmrve lhr< r liiiir old onea piillii.g down
in the Jews' quar'er, with an iiitenlion, proliably, of re-
building tlieni, a« they stood on llie neirgln of* eniial.
'I'lm coiiclutluii ti> lie drawn from the few remarks we
made of Amsterdam is, what many persnns have m
posed to he the case, tliat it is a very dull, and tin rd,
not a very interesting place. The fact, however, i.< i
so : there is always something going on to excite i.u,
tion. Mrs. Montagu says, that she mver could iukv
sl.ind what the exiiression ".stock-still" meant till.
visited Amsterdam, when she at onci^ felt its full i;,.
No doubt the "slocks" or " stakes," of which llii-u- :
so many thousands along the ipiays of Amslcrdaiii.u,
"still" enough; but the sea by which Ihey are suiioi
ed is not always so. The canals are " still," bul ll;. ,:
eonstaiilly moving about in them is not so. The , i
of a town I'roni which two thoiisuiid vessels clear lu'
mially, or about six daily, are not likily to U- ".«i,
and if Mrs. .Montagu had gone «.j/i«/(/;(ng in Warn
Straal, or Calvers Slraat, she would not have found i-
"still" life there.
No city, liir its size and population, abounds with in
.societies liir the enlliv.atiou of !iler„tiire, science, and
line arts, than .-\nistcrd..ni. It has an academy of |i,<;
iiig, seulplure, engraving, and arehitti lure. At the !■
iiKii/iii^ a most rcspeclablc society lor the eneour;:
nient of every branch of art, science, and literaliin,
physics, musie,aiid even coiiiineree and political i ei.in,
lectures are delivered and di.s.sertations read on all .
jects. They have a library stocked with books in al,
partments of science; a collection of plaster casts t-
ancient statues; a chemical apparatus, and a collm
of mathematical, pbilo.sophicnl, and even musical in,i
nieiils, and they give concerts. All these arc coiiliiu,
in a very liandsonic linilding.
The Society of Public I tility is common to cvcn-i
and town in Holland above the rank of a village. Seln,
of every kind are iiimierniis. Those liir the |MK)r an- s
to be well attended by iiiori^ than four thousand eliildr'
Ihey are under the direction ofa certain nuinhcr nf m-
tors, who admit the children of tliti |M)or without disii
tion of religious sects.
The shorlness of our slay would not allow us to f i
any coriect conclusions as to the stale of society, 'f
ladiis seldom appear in public, and run ly in the sire
excepting in the two whirc llie principal vhops an ;
very few carriages of any kind arc seen In Amsli nl
One of the most common, which serves the place ol'
hackney coaches, is a small-bodied coach, like a Krl);l:
"Fly," without wheels, and lixed on a wooden sli.
drawn by a single horse, and attended by a man r
w.ilks by the side, to prevent it iVoni upsetting. I
Dutch of both sixes now dress pretty much in the v,
maimer is other Europeans. The Kriezlnnd ladies, l
eier, h'-.M' a |K'culiar head-dress, consisting ofa sniiil;
close to the lic.id, to each side id" which, and eovcriin:
tempk's nearly as far as the lycs, is altaehed a |1 '
gild. The fn>t iiiipression whieh this odd ap|Hii
gives is, that the wearer iiiust have been trepamicil. I
tasteless heail-dress, with its cap and golden Haps, i-
I cos! I'roiii tin to twelve pounds; but beluga disliiu
from the vulgar, it is considered cheap eiioiigli. Tl
l'rie-/.laliilers wear Is ■■des golden ringlets round ll.rii-
and pendants from the ear. They are said to be im
ingly Iciiacious of their aneient customs and drens. -
a' (1 of their language, which differs is rnucli fniiii
derii Dilleli as the Klcmish iIihs,
The dress of the lades of Aiiislerili;in iv Frem li
that usually worn by tradesiinn's w i\es and ier\:ii i
ilitfers but little from that of the snme classes in I'lr
■ Ml pi Ihat the latter deseriptinn of Hollandi i>
ran ly any suinmer i oMiliig en tin ir heail but a i
Ihey f-eqiii nlly wear loin el.aiks with IiikiiI<, as r
.Nellierhinils. The men also iii w dress lunch II i
as with us. The little round hat, tlic pnekereil
and the wide bricches of the men have eiitin-U
|Harcd, except among some of the norlherii ti-la n
and the saiiii kind of Imt, the jacket, and sliorl |h lli
displiying a pnirol' sky-blue stockings, have been ii|
deserted by the I'eiualcs.
Ilolli sexes ap|H'ar liealtliy, which iilir ilnelor« snv
iiiiglil mil In do in a ehimile so humid, niid aii-i,
sti iieh from slagiiani eatials so deleterious. Tlie H<-
»e undirslissl. iiiiioiml to alHnit Iwciily n day.
on a |sipnlalioii of eiic liiirdn d and eighty iln!
gite an average i>;' four |s'r cent.; a itiucli grentir
lahty than the averuri of Kiiro|M'nii i ities.
I III' ciinnot « ulk the lenKtli of a sireel in AeiM"
without mieliogn i ' rtaiti gfiilleiiian drevseii m '
with a er.qs' i ' |H>iidiiif from his hni, and a slml '
per in his baud He in known by tin iialiie nl r
niiiirkrr, •aiiiioiioeer, or re|s>rter,) whose biisliii<<
to go riiunil to till- relill\r« and aequnintaiires ul
eeiisi'il |s rson, to announi' his dentil. To give ltd'''
the fVieiids of Ihr birth uf a uhihl, ■ irrlllcn ImlM'
Having
Rrd to .An
en extern
' the days
ur arraiigi
iMir wa
piles, M-hii
sing ov(
hreateiiing
IHissible,
jlvcr, we h
pr wliieh w
lion- lor till
arts of Hill
cssanlly ;
I'eii ill I'll
Inieriingen,
I'll iiiik's li
pay tiiurl
baking the
Bglil miles,)
jorses wilhi
ay and n III
'I'he lirst I
hroiigh a ee
mil liy can
little sunn
lose overloo
Vighli'iil to
^elly," us (1
elliiigs of
I", walli d
bur green d
^aiiy illli-jies
tradk' evten
put ill IS Ih
' till eminlr
^egaliim of |
|ld passed Ih
[eilKen-iiy (.,
I'tI of lli
III I III on th
It wa:
intcrsee
Iniii runs heri
llil nliiinstof I
Iw- along (||,
Inril Were see
^111 ll Wi re Ol
[lii.iling Ihr I
\' l!iedi«ta
^■■"Ijiii, tll« f I
m
A TOlfR THROUGH SOUTH HOLLAND.
79
any |)i'rsi)iis liiivc m
•iry (lull, iiiid tlicril,
e tact, liowtnvr, isi
iiiiig on to excite lilii
he never coiilil mii'i
;U.still" nieimt till .
once fell its l'"ll 'm
S," of Wllicll lIlIU' :
yH orAinstcrdnni.v..
liieli they are suiiiir
ire "still," l«it II" '■
I is nol BO. 'I'Ik ' i
nd vessilH clear crii'
ii,t likily to bf "si,.
ii-shofiiKiiil in ^ani
lid nol hiive ibuiul u
tioii, atxinnds with m
er..tnre, seience, iiiwl'
lus un academy of|i;i;
•ehitteliire. Atthe /■
iety lor tin' eneour:.
ienee, and literatnn,
eeanil political eciiim
rtations read on nil ■
ked with Imokn in ah
on of pk.sler casts Ir
|iar«tus, and n colli n
and even musical iiii:
All tlu'Be arc conluii,
in common to every (
rank of a village. Suli..
hose lor the [XMir arr s
II four ihouBand eliililr-
a certain niimher of «■
the i)oor without di>it
nnld not allow u« to i'
he sUite of nociety. T
and riirt ly in the strce
■ principal vhops are; i
I are seen in AniRtcnlo
eh nerves the place of
ilicd coath.likeallrii'li
xed on a wooden ulnir
attended by a nun «:
it iVoni npwiling. T
pretty nnieh in the ":■
he Krie7.land ladies It
, conHistinijof a sniiil;
f which, and eovcriiii;
les, is atlaehed a ]V-
hii h thin odd apjHii;
liave been trepunneil, 1
p and (.'olden Haps, b
K; lint lieinca distiiir
<1 1 henp cnouph. 'li
n rn\(!letH round tl,ri«
[hey arc Miiid to \tf i m-
It eiiKliuiiK and drew,-
lirt'erB if much from
inislerdr.ni iy Frcncli;
|i's wivcK and ier\!inl
• Hiiineela»KC» in I'l'i'
lliim of llollaiidii'<
I thi ir head but a ..i|',
IkH with h(>iMl«, UN in
I w drc»»i nmeh IIm' "■■
Ihal, tin puiki ml p.
Incn have entirrl> < >
Itln- northern li"liin
ckel, and •horl i>ilii'
IckinRK.bavelH'iiKii'B
Ihiell ,iurdo<tor- unV
l«n htimid, nod uni''
IdeMerioup. 'I'liciliv
]nl twenty n day ; "
d ai\d eij;bty ili"''
III.; a inueli (jrenln
||H'nn I iliev.
lif n »lreit in Ai"Mf"-
llenian drev »( d m I •
Ija hill, and a kImhI >
Tm by thi nai '' '
Ir,) whofc buKiiii'"
ll aeipininlaiirc" "'
lleMh. To K'"' '"''"'
lid, ■ wrlllPn h'dlfi'
Jtonu^Mtlv Stuck up on the door-imst of the house, statinK
!5e hc'iltli of the mother imd chihl to be, as usual, as
asell as can be expected." . ■ .
Mt If Amsterdam should happdy regain its fiimicr state
tar prosperity, it will either be necessary to build on the
ifcoulevards, or till up the ailjoininj; polders; thouf;h it is
.»obable that, in such an event, another city would ri.se
'^i the north si'te of the A i, opposite to the old one, either
K ock-sluys, where the grand canal enters it, or at
ttidain. or" more /ropcHy Saaudam, where the Czar
b« Older the >•»«•• of Peter Michaelhol, learnt the
.f ship-buildM** , and "here the late i;iiii)eror
aiuler, wlien at A*iiii»»rdiUii, visited the cabin ami Us
_ nielv furniliire of Ims great ancestor.
.''That side of the Ai is preferable as a port to this on
4M>"^> the O'ty i'o» stands, being the wcatlier-shore, and
Ob' -d from all *uids. 'I'he king is said to have it in
Mii: .Illation lo apiwint coimiiissioncrs to examine and
^pporl .11 his naval establishments, lie could not do het-
Zp than remove the dock.yard of Am.sterdam across tli<'
5pnt<r, as, in its present position, it is exposed to the pre-
Jlhiliiig wiikIs. At present, howcvei-, it \vo\dd appear
more prudent to direct his attention to his army rather
lluiu the navy, lie will find that a military navy is not
tt be made without an extensive mercantile navy, which
ta has not. CcrUiii northern political economists, among
4|ieir miiny absurdities, have hazarded the assertion that
jtD clKcieiii navy may bo raised and maintaiueil without
"■|ercliant ships, colonics, or commerce. A nation that
lould be foolish enough to try the cx|K'riineiit would lind
^clf much in the situation of the Israelites, who were
kqnired by the Egyptians to make bricks without straw.
Pic Dutch have nioro sense tliaii to he gulled by suci
ileries.
CHAl'TKR V.
AMSTEnnAM TO NIME(iUKN.
^Having thus in two days satisfied our curiosity in re-
■rd lo .VniBtcrdam, visitiil several of its institutions, and
en externally every St n'ct aliuosi in the city, having one
' the days been on our legs full eight hours, we made
or arrangements for departing the following morning
our way to I'trccht. The distance is Uviulytwo
ililes, uhich, by way of variety, we once thought of
ussing over in a trecksehiiyt ; hut the weather was
(ireatcning; and wishing t/i get to the liliiiie as sjiecdily
|H)«sible, tli.".l wc might see the more o." that ii<ddi'
[ivcr, we hired a ehar.a-banc, with a pair of horses,
which we agreed to piy sixteen guildeis, and three
llore fur tin' auiouut of the tolls, which nre high in all
arts of Ilulland. Tlir rain began to fill, mid eoiil'iui i'
[lec.isantlv ; and as Ihere was nothing n niarkahle t.i '.>
ill I'Ireeht, we determiued to proceed us fa' .i-
,1111 riingen, a small town, or rather village, about 8i\.
ell miles liirlhcr en. l'"or this distanc*' vv ^irga'.i-. c
piiy lourteen guihiers, and two more ii.- Ihi t 'At-
bilking the whol;; sum Ihirly-five guilders for llri -,
Ughl iiiik's.whieh was perforiiied by Iwover • inditii u ,,1
jor.scs without halting, except lo give then. ' . .rs.l if
uy and a little water.
'I'lir tir-t part of the road after leaving A.n < Inm is
|ir(Migh a eentiiiued aieniie of moderate sIzmMu ,s, iio'.
Prcd by I'lmals, with gardens, villas, and the sa'iu ki ■•!
little summer houses wi' hive so olleii loei'; >■ :'. nn
kosi- overlooking tlie rond. It was ipiite am " "g ..ml
yiglituil to pass so many :ieal Iioiisch, " whlii,.ucally
felly," as one id" our rountrymeii calls tiie ei'vilry
ydlings id' the niileh, siirroiindrd by their liltli ,'nr-
biiH, walli d ill, as it were, within sipiare em lis. r s ot
kur grei 11 dykes, and, as n nceessary ap|M'mlnge, as
|any ditches. Sometimes these enelosures are ofeoiisi-
kralile extent, coiiliiiniiig seviral \iil.is, and the placi
■ut in IS then called a i«ililii; nn<l the greiitcr pari
the country around the capital is maile up of an iig-
egallon of tliese jMilders. ll was some time bi fore we
I passed Ihe last of these curious eomiminilies, win n
aiivc'vay I'ommenied that was raiM'd n little almve
ll ' rl iif that same kind of Ihit surface, which nc
liiiiil on the iip|M)site or wislern side of the lljiirli in
ll wa'i, in fnci, a lonliniinlion of those II. il iiini.
bw«, inlerseeted with dilelies, very ri and grci ii, with
iiiiiTiiiH herds of eallle graiing, but destllute of trees,
bd nliiiostiif any kind of shrubby nlant.cxcepl ii fcwwil-
iiloiig the inargiiiH of lb.' ditches. To Ihi' west-
Inril Mere hccii some s.indliills nr dunes in Ihe distance,
> ll wi re on the boundary of the llaiirleiii ,Mier, li r.
itiiig Ihe lioriitim,
\i <'«• di»iance nf some six or nown mill's (Vnni Am-
^rdiii.. till) fice of the country l^•'gin• l«> clmii({e for
the better. Something like woods and copses now be-
gan to show themselves, and the grounds were enlivened
liy good, substanti;d, and gcnlleiiiauhke houses, and
these became more frequent as we advanced to the soiilli-
.vard. The surface, loo, was more broken and varied
as we approached I'trccht. Here, indeed, the northern
branch of the lihine, which passes through the town of
Utrecht, begins to show something like rising banks,
and ill passing Ihiough the town the stream is so far
below the general surface of the country, Ihat the streets
and the houses are considerably above the Icvi^l of the
water, to .vhich the inhabitants descend by laddiis,
soii'.etinies from the second story. The Ihcl i.s, that th •
general surface of the country having ri.scn into some
thing like hills at I'trccht, it was no ea,sy matter to
cause the river and its canals to rise to the level of the
houses; they thcrcliire sunk the houses to the level of
the canals. We saw at once, therctbre, that we niust
here take leave of the llat gardens, their lish ponds and
ditches, and their corresponding little summer houses,
w liicli had atlbrdcd us so much amu.scmenl. The only
striking object that appears from the rjad is the old
church of rtretehl, partly in ruiii.s, with its noble
towel, said to be liinr humlred tect high. The once
celebrated university has lost its character, and is nearly
deserted by students, and the professors are said to be
reduced to a slate of great poverty. The [lopulalion is
reckoned at about thirty thousand, one half of whom
are catholics. We had now to ilrive along a noble avc.
line of liiideu trees, three or liiiir deep on each side of
Ihe road, and of an intcrmiiiable length to the eye. We
have 111 1 u told, indeed, that the mall of I'trccht is the
lincsl in the world ; which, beautiful as it certainly is,
eamiol,as we all thoughl, he put in competition with
tlio.se niagniliecnt avenues of llaiiiiilon Court and of
Dusliy I'ark, whose noble trees of linden and horsechest-
iiut tiir CXI 1 id in beauty any that Holland can produce.
.N'eitlu r has it any th! i<r to eonipare w itii anolher of the
Ii w avenues which liudiion has spared to Kngland —
that of the magnilieeut beech trees which leads lo
Stauslead House, in Hampshire, — not yet ipiite defaced
by the deniolilion which it suffered by tlic avidity of its
late proprietor.
The road conlinucs for a considerable di.stanee lo he
shaded liy this avenue of beeches, elms, and liuileiis ;
and scarcely a house occurs on jilher side that has not
a very rcspcctahle ap|iei. ranee, with iloiihic or triple rows
of fine trees leading up t.i it. The grounds, too, arc
fiei|uciitly laid out with Ifiigc plantations of various
kinds of trees and oak copses, and the hedges which
enclose them are also of oak. (Ml a rising ground on
the lell, near the village of Zeyst, is a huge pyramid or
mound of earth, said to b" c ■ hundred and fiHy tiel
high, raised by the army .■! ..-armoiil on the oeeasion
f Nu|>oleuii being created emperor ; but we could nol
i ci \.'. tlia' it was hcM in any kind of respect by the
' )ntcl<
.\s ViC dp, .'omlied Ai ici'iingcii Ihe soil beeanie more
«a 1 ly, t '■ i.e ^ral suriuce of the coimlry more undulal-
ed, iiimI .V ihii-jrved, for the first time since entering
llnllanu, that rounded pehhlcs were imlicdded in the
bunks by ' e road side, as if this indieated Ihe aiiciiiil
beach or ha'iv, ,d' ihe Uliiiic, when that mighty stream
11 ly h.i'e llowcd I v rds lllrecht in its intigrity, anil
' .'liire it had been il vn'cd and diverted.
Il has Iscn ohsiTvi c that on the gates of almost all
llu villus or parks some iiiseriplion or inollo is wrillcn
up; hcic houevir Ihe eiistoin seems to he lo pulili>li in
the same nianner the naiiie of the posNcssor of the do-
main, r.iiil generally with a notiticaliiMi hi warn oil'
|maeliers. Thus we l'rei|Ueiilly see " Jan I'clcrsonV
ynght," " privali' ynglit, lyn • igi n yiighl ;" that is,
.fohu IVter oi 's shooting-ground, | rivufe shooting, or
lor my ovm diooling. t'his kind of notice, it would
seem, it 1 1' t'a' ''ir keeping out poachers or intruders;
liir the )i ,nie laws in Ilulland arc as strict or nioie so
than in l')iiglaml, and the license reiunred liir shiHiliiig
is said lo Ihi n'licli iiiori' ev|H'iisive, and the pcnallv m
iiro|Hirtio!i. I' IS 'lot easy to iinagin.', however, what
kind of game tlu.i emihl piitnibly be to Iiiiill or siioot in
some nf thisc small domains of » few acres; lint dilUi-
ml notions of sporting are cnlertrined by dilli reiil na-
tions : Ihe oiide stadhoiidcr is said lo have Miniisi d hiiii-
ri If by conrsiiig hares and rabbits iii the court-yard of his
piilnce, and Ihe old king of Naphs i iiioycd the pleasure
of xhmdiiig tame ducks iVom n window as they were
drivel, |uint it ill Ihe poiid. ll may Ih' taken for granted,
however, that where there is ph nly of gsine lo eat,
there ioi|..| he plciitv of game lo sIkhiI, and we e\|»"
rii III III I'll want III ll on our loiinii y at table; but it
dill no hap|Nii thni. In th) wliule of our route tlirnngli
Holland, and along the Khine as far as Mciitz, from
thence !o Frankfort, and on our return from Cologne
through the Netherlands, we never saw a single phea-
sant orpartridge, cither running or on the wing; yet the
latter in particular was served up at table daily through-
out the moiilh uf August. To make nmends, hares and
rabbits were sicn skipping about in great abundance.
We were now travelling along a very extensive do-
main of a genllenian whose iiaiiie, if it was not the
name of his place, appealed ut every little gate and
opening of til' wood — i' was lirookhuyscn, to which
was here and there added " inyii cigen yaght." This
property continued for at least a mih', and the planta-
tions of young firs that bordend Ihe road were very ex-
tensive on both sides, and rabbits ill scores were every
where seen skipping across the road. We were now on
rising ground, and had evidcnlly taken leave of every
thing like a level meadow, ;iii,l all Ihe open spaces in the
woods and copses were under cnllivalion. Here toe on
Ihe rising ground to the Ull we observed for the first
time a few long-haired sheep hiowsing on Ihe heathy
land.
The crops oil the right were ehielly confined lo huck-
wheal, of which we pa.ssed some bundled acres by the
road side in the course of the latter half of this day's
journey; hut this grain, with Ihe exception of a tew
fields of oats and some patches of chner and potatoes,
was the only kind that we observed. It is used here,
as ill China, for making the lighter and finer kinds of
pastry. From the i|iiaiitily of tresli ploughed land,
iiowevcr, it is probable that the wheat harvest had been
got in and the stubble turned under by the plough. The
road itself the wlude way was smooth and bcautit'ul, and
as level as a howling green, 1ml ill some fi'W places,
where the level surfc i was intcrrnpted, it was covered
with gravel.
The only inn at ,\inermigeii is the post house, not
cry good as lo aeeoniiiioilatiuii, but the people extreme-
y .'ivil, and desirous of making it as comforlahle as our
miexpeeted visit and I heir nicans would allow, which is
all that a traveUer has a right to expect. We paid, how-
ever, fiir their civility — the charge fiir a bad supper, and
an equally bad breakfast, with lodging, being twenty-
seven guilders, or forty-five shillings, just alioiil double
of that which the best hotel in .\iiislerdani would have
chargcil. Indeed we have invariably fiiuiid, what is
perhaps not mireasonahle to expect, that at the first ho-
tels, where the liire is best, the charge is least.
(Ill the luorning of Ihe l.llh at nine o'clock we htl
.Vmcrungeii, and proceeded with the same horses that
had broiighl us from .\msterdani, and which were to
carry us to Arnlieiiii, a dislanee of more than twenty
miles, fiir sixli ,'11 guilders. This town is not precisely
ill the direct road, but the rain which had eonliiiiicd iii-
ecssanlly lo fiill in to-. cuts fiir eight and forty hours
had made the lower and usual road ipiite impassable.
That, howevrr, hclweeii Aiiieriiiigen and Arnlicim
proved to be quite delightful, perfielly level, and with a
very geiille curvature or rise in the middle, II was co-
vered willi clinkers, and we li.iil ollcii remarked, in pass-
ing over one of these roads, thai the water never re-
mained on any part of llieiii. The last two days satis-
lied us, that let it rain as hard and as long ns il may, not a
drop of water will be sc eii standing on either any part
of Ihe niiildle or the sill) s of the road, prov ided il is |iro-
pi riy kept in .irdcr, as they all seem to be. This may
Ih' iioliiid as a (i.i I, but we were unable s.ntisliictorily lo
accoimt fiir il ; perhaps, however, il may Ik' explained
by supposing Ihe clinkers lo lie laid on a bed of fine
sand, and this pirhaps on faggots, which would let the
water pass lliroiiiih the ■ revices Is Iween tin hrieki, and
into the snbslrala lhal siipiNirl them.
(In approaehini.' ilii ancn lit foililied town of Itli mil,
the Uliiiie, or III il branch of il which passes close by
this place to llii iiorlhward, now ap|H'iircd in its natural
eharacler of n fine llowing stream, wiiiilinv (lose alon)(
a blink on vvbiih we travelled, elevated sinr-d feet
ibi.vc its surfaii', il having licrc completely lo«l its sf. •
iiiid shiggisli motion, iiiore like Ihat ol iii attiliei,il • a
mil than a river.
Khei n n Is all aniienl town, in whieli Uierr i# liUJa
lo excite a stranger's alb nlion, exei pi il he Ihe towir of
the old elinrch, whi' h is a IhiIiI and siriking specimen of
III nvy (hithle. Ill Ihe iieiglihourliond of this town, the
land ap|H'iirs to he neiillv and eioi fully ciiltiviiled, ehielly
with tobaeeo. ll is phinlid ill s' nil squares of n risiH,
>ir sometimes less than a half a i ihI in rxteni, Ihe side
of each square being piniilcd by n row of the liirgn
Flench kidney bean, or senrlel ri iin rs, which hud now
reached Hip hi iglit of six or seven I'ecl, uiid fiirmcd n
close liedyr nil round the iiltle plantuliiiii* (o iccurv tlm
• ll
no
A TOUR THROTMJH SOimi IIOTXANI).
I '■(»'■
}..
broud leaves of tlie lobucoo plant from tlio wind. Tlie
bean was now in fiili blossom ot scarlet flowers; und
the ground on the rijflit of the road being covered as far
as the eye could roach with these putclies of tobacco, the
face of the country in that direction i)resented a very
singular and beautiful a|>|)curance.
On the left of the; road, the surface rose into hills of
considerable height, sometimes covered with thickets of
brushwood, mixed with small plantations, in some
plarcs, of Scotch tirs and Weymouth pinep, mingled
with oaks, beech, and birch. These, with the heaths
and the lorn intermixed, gave this |Kirt of the comitry
very nnicli the appearance of many of the hcutli lands
of England ; the more ho, uh the road twisted and
winded among them, as is usually the ca;c in our own
country.
A little beyond Uhcenen wc descended to the valley
of the Rhine on our right, where all was llat, and we
observed in places extensive and high enihaiiknients to
protect the plain against the encroachment of the river.
The approach to Arnheini is particularly striking. It
is through an avenue of fme Ix'ech trees near two niiles
in length, and the vista terminated by a lofty old tower
of one of the churches, with the Khine on the right,
nnd the rising grounds of the letY covered with villas,
and well clothed. The environs of Arnlieim were really
beautiful; |>erhaps lliey may but npiiear to greater ad-
vantage atler Icaviuf,' the sombre flats of the neiglilmur-
hc >d of Amsterdam.
On arriving at .\rnheim, our horses, ns may be sup-
posed, were entirely knocked up ; and ns the fmely
paved road oi" clinkers had here ceased, and a sort of
rude iMncadami/.ed road commences, it would have been
madness as well as an act of cruelty to have taken them
on to the spot where we were to cross the Waal to
Nimegnen. We therefore prevailed on our honest
Dutch driver to let his i har-a-bane proceed with us to
that spot, a distaiue of abcjiit nine miles, with i pair of
fresh horses from the inn, for which we were reijuired
to piy the reasonable sum of live guilders.
The moment we had got through tlio town of Arn-
lieim, we crossed the Khinc over a long Ktone hridire,
the approach to which, and for some tiiiio on the other
side of it, was over a very execrable road. We were
now on the level vaUey of the Rhine, and hi^tween it and
the Waal; the surface was low oinl swampy, and the
road continui'd very indifferent ; it ap|H)ared as if W(
had two enibanknuiits, one on the left to keep out the
Rhine, nnd an immense one on the right to prevent the
eneronehnieut of the Waul. It appeared also, as we
afterwards found to be lln> ease, that the great public
road to Rheeneii, on which the rain here prevented
US from travelling, was on the summit of this great
bank.
We arrived nboni three o'clock at a small inn on the
right bank of th" Waal, directly opposite to Nimeguen,
und the access to which is partly by a bridge of boal-i,
and paitly by a tlying bridge, the former extending to
about l.'ie middli' ot' the stre.im on tins side, and the Lit.
tor over the other half next to Nimeguen. A ferry is
not the most desirable method of crossing n rapid river ;
but of all liie dillVrent kinds ol' lerryint', that by means
of what is cilled a living briilgi' is considerably the best
und most eoiivenient where it can be adopted, which is
only where the river li.as a considerable eurrent. An
anchor is lixed nt a eerlnin distanc" up the stream, al-
ways greater than the breadth of the river, from which
u cable of rn|x' or chain passes to lbs phitforin of the
ferry boat, which is here supported on a couple of large
Iwrges. This cable is Inioyrd np by passing over such
a number of boats ns may be lininil neecjsnry. If the
rudder of tlii' large plall'orm he moved so us to tmii the
heads of the supporting Imrgis about a |M)ilit of the
lonipass towards the stream, so as to let it act against
the side's of their bows, '.hey will, of course, sheer across,
or oscillali' like a |K'ndidnm, with a slow nnd unil'orni
motion, to the op|>osile side, me cable nnd its supporting
Isnts edging over 111 the dire lion of the platform. Ily
having the height of the iilalform the «ann' ns those ol
the Iv.o piirs or landing place s on the sidi s nf tin' river,
carriages of any site, carts or waggons, without uij.
yoking the horses, may driv • u|Min it and pass over
'without disturbing passi'iiuer i or baggnge within them
Till! young rrinee of llolinlid, wliosc exiM'rted arrival
in Anisterdain had preveiiled us from seeing the imluee,
crosmid over this evening in n carringe drawn by »ix
liorsun, not one of wliieli was Inkeii on', nor did the
coarlimaii or |uislilionK leavi' their scats.
Having got our dimmr nt the lltllo inn, aim! Ihi
■loam iMint nuiking its np|Mnrnncn. tlioiigh at n eon.
sidcrablo distance, wc crossud ovrt by the Dying brid||i>,
and wailed the arrival of the vessel at Niincgncn. The
piiKsagc-moncy for six persons in llie great cabin, which
we liirtnnately had to ourselves, nnd a servant in the
tiire-eabin. from hence to Cologne, was one hundred
and llmr guilders, or W. 13s., the distance being more
than n hniuhed miles.
On departing from Ni'negupn in llie«tenin boat, wo
took leave of the last town of the United I'rovinccs r.t
Holland that we should have the opportunity of seeing. —
of a country that, with all its ditcliies nnd its dykes, its
sloots, sluices, and polders, is un(|ueslionnbly one of the
most singular, the most curious, nnd most interesting
countries In the world; and ns to the |X'oplo who in-
habit, and whose ancestors may fairly be said to have
created it, though they have been represciiied ns cold
and nncoiirieous towards strangers, rude in their speech,
and repulsive in their inamiers. wo can, with honest
truth, declare, that so far from expericnciin; nny 'jondiict
of this kind, or hnviiig the slightest ground of t omplaini
in any one instance, oi in nny part of the country from
Itollerdani to Nimeguen, wo never Ibiiiid I hem to be
wanting in the eorninon courtesies and civilities of life.
They may, perhaps, be more cnutions and reserved
towards strangers than the natives of other lOuropcan
ccmntrics usually arc; but a very short aci|iniintancc
hanislics all restraint, nnd they lH>coine eheerfiil, open-
hcnrled, and comiminicntivc. Wc are told, bowovoi, by
certain philosophers who resolve the dillerent tempera-
ments nnd dispusitions of men into the eti'ect of climate,
thnt a Uutchmnn nuisl necessarily be grave and phleg-
matic, froi.i the aiiiinni spirits being siihjreled to a dull,
dense, and humid ntiiiosplierc, to which they are almost
coiislantiv exposed. This doctiinc is mere theory, like
ninny others es|)oused by the ingenious author of " Ks-
prll IcsLoix;" but expcrienie having proved it con-
trary to llict, is now pretty nearly exploded.
Hut the Dutch have been accused of nvarice and
iiiliumnnity. Thai the inlildle class of society arc
eeonomieal and parsinionioiis, is very certain; but their
parsimony and economy arc, in nil pruhability, the
natural result of iiidusirions habits of lade, and ol
labour not the most productive of prolil. Their young
men, almost from the period of their infancy, are '
siructcd ill the pursuits of lomnierco, nnd lenrn at an
early ngo to lonsider the great business of lile to be
gain, a portion of which is laid by every year.
'InililFlrliii
Anil iniUi
:s ImlpilB ill enrh IsiBofri n-ipa,
■try tiryiMa u love ol'ijaii.."
Ill a SDinewhal higher class of life tbern is a general
inclination to the prosecution of coiiiniereial pursoils.
and indeed in all their undrrtukings they aro equally
Industrious, (icrscveriiig, and patient, w itii tlin labouring
classes. We ie(|uire no greater proof of the general
cbnractiT of this nation tiir perscvciiiig industry, and
their iiiieoiii|ueralile delerniinulioii lo overeoiiic dilli-
iillies, ilia'i llieir siieirssl'ul exertions In braving and
conipiering the waves of the ocean-- lliaii the fact that,
without n stone or pebble, they linvn raised the most
endid edilicos' williout u tree >liey linve laid the
liiiindations of large cities on piles of wood ; without u
slick ot' tiinber til lor a ship's top-mast, they built a
navy that disputed the seas with the mosi powerful
iinvy in the world ; thnt nlinosl without an acre of arable
and they supplied tlin inaiketiiof half of liiiropc with
grain; that with a country not larger lliuii Yorkshiie
tliey were alili to raiso a respectable nrniy, nnd to take
a leading part iii the politics u'' Kuropn ; ami it ought
III be added that, in nil their mercantile ti:iii>aclioiis,
'':n Dultli iiie reinarknble foi their puniiualily, in-
legrily nnd lionoiir. Then patriotism or love of coiintrv
lias always liven u prvdoniiiiant feature jii tlie Duleli
I'liaracler; in whatever part of the worlii n Dulcliinin
may bo placed, the word Vaderlund beaisa charm, anil
IS never henrd williout oxuiting a sonsitiun uC plousure
III his mind.
Hut then they nte ncciisnd of being cruel nnd in.
Iiiiimin; nnd with nlnit jusliee, as a nation, lliey inn
be so ncciised, it would not bo bo easy lo show. The
iiiiiuerons chnillnblo iiistllntlons of Holland, more imr
til ulnrly of Aniaterdam, many of which urn onlirely
supported ill llin "Xpense of indiviililiils, uliouhl ninne
lie siilVn'ient lo disprove sin li an ini|iutallon. There is
1 little trait coniipcted with one <,, lliosu llistilulions,
which sliowa llieiii not only n liiimnnii hut kllidliiMirled
people. Tim liospilrl liir llin reception of the old nnd
mdignnt of both sexes, on lliii ipiny of I'ki Ainstel, Is
ontrived admirably for tlin coinforl and convenience
of III.' sged and inlirm. The building is llirce liundred
and sixty lent long by two Inmdreil nnd lliiily dnep.
A gallery un each of Ihc tlirne stories runs round tin
lour sides of the square, and behind It is a. large gardri
lor the inmates to walk in, and onjoy the fresh mt
This building has a dining-room of one 'nindrcd ut.
iwenty-thrco feet in length, and an infirmary of it,
nine dimensh ns. The year 1783 was tho ccntennii
Hiinivcrsary of its cslnbljihinoiit, and on this occasui
the directors gave a feast to all the pensioners, ainouni
ng lo upwards of six hundred nnd fifty, who were r,
galid ill the most snniptiions manner, nnd the best pn;
f Amsterdam were present to witness the joy ol' n,
old people on iIiIh occasion. Tho emperor of Clin,.
Iherelbre is not the only humane |>crson who can eiijoi
the grntifiention of making others happy by his nnnu!
icnst given to the most aged of his subjects.
The beneficent society und the charitable and (in
interested subscribers to tho agricultural Rstablisbnm
of Frederiek's-oord is another prool' of Ihc active In
nevoleneo and humanity which distinguish the pco|jl-
ot Holland. It is no speculntion Ibnndcd on llio n
inotcst chance of piolil, but solely on that of roliovii,,
the distresses of tiicir unfortunate fellow subjects, ij
this small canton or district (which oord signifies) M'
.lacob, the complrollcr of corn lelurns, has colleclril;
detailed nnd most interesting account from the publislit
reporl.s of its progress and condition. 'I'liis bencvoln
institution, whose object is to lessen the burden of pn
perisin nnd improve llio moral habits of the juvenii
imrtion of it, is indebted for its origin nnd lis succcsii.
progress to the intelligence, iho Zealand inderatijiiiU
benevoloneo of tJenerul Van den Bosch. This nlliir
when in Java, purchased an estate nnd made the |)iirsi;
of agriculture liis study. A Chinese mandarin wllli;
number of emigrants from that country sottled 1
chance near him. The gijncral soon observed tin
with nil Ills labour and cnrc, the crops of his Cliinn
iioigbbour greatly exceeded his own ; he therefore l«
IcsKoiis of the mandarin, and such was the success:
result, that, when he returned to ICurope, the csu
which had cost him twenty-fiva thousand rlx-dollan.l-
sold for one hundred and fifty thousnnd.
The general, on his return lo his native countr;
published a little tract on Ihc prnclicnbililv of i:
stilntingn general pauper cslnblishment in the kiiigiii;
of tho Nellicrlnnds. It happened that the good kit,
(for so he may justly be styled) was in 1HI7 occiipt
with a plan for bringing into productive tillugo nnr
tensive waste of heath hind bctwonn Maeslriclit v,
Hreda. The nltcntio^i of his inojesty was drawn '
that of the general. .\ society was sot on foot nt 1',
Hague, for the intended expeiinionl, unm>r thepatrnnjf
of the king, of which prince Kredenck, his seconds
was nominated president for lile. Twenty Iboiisi
individii.ils beenine members, and llieir cnnlribiiln'
amounled to seventy ihousand florins, or .1,8,33/. slcrln;
Tho first operation was to piirchnso an eslnle m:
the town of !Sleenv\yk, on the confines of Fricslur;
Dveryssel, nnd Orentho, consisting of about one lli
s.iiid'lliree hundred lOnglish acres, IngelhAr with !•
thousand six hundred ucios of heath land, for whirl
society paid Iho sum of fifty-six thousand flo
about l.tilKi/. The river /(n,or .4«. which runs ii..i ,;
it, was made navigable for bonis into Iho ZuydorZn
Huililings lor fifty-two families, lo consist of six to ti(
liiilividiials each, a storehouse, a school, and a spinu:;
house, wore speedily eroded.
All these operations were commenced early tnfr
ten tier, IKIH, and ere the lOlli of Novoinhor liillmiiii
fifly-tw.i indigent families sent by the enmmunosenlif
iijioii their new habitations. To each fuinily m
(.'rallied seven iiiorgeii or fourteen seres of land. T
whole outfit forcneb family, iiinile on a minute esliim
wns one llioiisund seven huiiihod florins, or 111/ !>
sterling, which was lo be repsid lo Iho sociiH
sixteen years, while the annual rmt, » ''i wliirli :
olonists wore lo bo ehnrgcd, w.is »»«lli'<l lo ." oc|iii
the inloresi of llie outfit ; nnd stioh \-*^ tho si rrpii
this small eslnblishmenl, that, after a law yenr ' "
rience, it was found tlist Ihe niinnni oxocss of j
over subsistence, of rncli of the fifty two f»mi
thblislied at Kred»'io k's.oord, nmounliHl tiioiiu i i.
gilders or floiin» or M/. (is. Hrf s(»fllnp.
I.oiiiis were iiiiA ralwil for « xienHing Iho ntpm
be iidvanind liy llni king in l-is Individual c' urmi
by llio governmont.or by tho rominunos, r dm
ior|«iratiniis, or by individuals, " '• ' limileil
lliousiind onii liiiiiilri'i' Kiiildets. or i i!il. itorlnii,'
exti t oiiint of lliree funiiliHs : llir miiianlHge nt
grouping llicin togollier was, llmt l*ii of t|i' in " •
I'oii-i il of six |iau|S«rs oaeji, hhiI .he lliird nl'plv ■ "i
or foiinilliiign, nol under six years of tg", wllll a inn
couple, or n woman unly In lake rhargo of Iho iliiiJ
^OL.
.«oii! .^!
itid it in a liirge garder,
d onjoy tliu fresh air
Ti of otio 'iiindrcd ny
id an infirmary of ii,
83 was Itio ccntonnii
t, and on tliis occasiu
he pensiionurs, oinouni
imd fifty, who were n
inner, and the besl par;
wilncsB the jny of \],;
I'ho cnipcror of Cliii;,
B person who can pcijoi
T9 linppy by hia nnm,!
u» Kubjccis,
lie charitablo and oit
riculturul nslablishnni
proof of Ihc active lie
distinjjuiKh the ppopl'
ion (bunded on the v
2ly on that of rclicvin;
lie fellow siihjocls. (j
hich onrd si)>nifio8) M'
let urns, has colleclrd .
;nunt fniin the publivlif
iitinn. 'I'his bcnevolt:
■aBon Ihc burden of pi;
habits of the juMiu
origin and ils succcs»i
o zeal and Midcrati|<iilf
en Bosch. This olfice'
ate and made the piirss
liiiiese mandarin with
hat country settled !
ral soon oliserved llii
he crops of bis Cluno
) own; he therefore in
nicli was the succpssi
d to Knropc, lliu esij
3 thousand rix-dallar>,;
:liuusand.
to his native count'
he praclieability of i:
ilishnient in the kiii^dr
?ned that the good kl:;
d) was in 1H17 occiip,
prodiirlivo tillago am
wlween Macstricbt >■
majesty was drawn ■
was net on foot ut 11
iieni, unuiir the patron:;
rodcrick, his second >
lili'. Twenty thniisj
and tlioir cipntribnlir
lorins, or .1,8.33/. slPfhr;
purchase an eslnto m;
! confines of Fritsla;
tiiijj of nlmut one lli
icrcs, topctliAr willi I'
I ill land, for wbiol
i\ thousand flo; "
111, which runa i;.a«i;
Its into Iho ZuydcrZ*
to consisl of six to eij
I M'liool, and a apiniu
M^^W^M^I^ ^M^Mi
iimowm^i^iw© m:im:Bii:^^T.
Lnnicnced early in S('
I of Novoniher Ibllnuiii
liy till' roMiniunnsinlf
I To nacli faiiiilj' »
Ipcn Hires of land. T.
Iile on a ininulo nsliini'
iicd florins, or 141/ li
paid to the sociilt
il rmt, ».''t wliirli li
J.IB MItlfd to ." 0I|U1
lsiiv:h »•«» tho SI rci'i!
l»ft«r « fow year ' '"
liinuni t'scess of j
fil^y two finii at
knoiiniiHt to on* I vhm
lleiidini the nC™
Jinilividiinl c' arori"
lairiinunos, r vUn'Uu
..»•' liinilpdi"'
or I :.')/. ftorhnii, ••
ihr iiii<niilR|(n III II:
111 1*11 of IIm III "'"
I ijiii ililnl o|'i"lv '"(*'
}-«nf Ig", wIlllHiinn
1 harjd of thii itilMi
I'lmrKD ASH I'lnl.isiiEii uv ADAM VVALUIK, Nii. li, ^.mTll t:iulrin sikkkt
PIIII-AnFLPIII A, FKHRIARY M), 183:i.
rjiii.AMi.PlllA — At .*."» Inr .'I'J ntiiiitu r,«, pny;il)lp in nih niirc
><>, «.
R & «. S. wool), rRlMtlls ASli I'ciil.lsllKIls, New Viiuk,
^IP Asfi.ii aiKl I'ulili.hcis lor ilie man; of Niw Vorkjiml all ili.' N.!w
(
Eiiglanil Binti-s. f
rilKOMX \ \\l)Oll :k I O l!.i,
Sole Afri'iils I'm Itu' sliitrsj uf M:iryl:iiiil, \'irt:in a, a
K^t-;i.l KHS. ll.M.'l 1M<
III Oiilii. iiimI Ihc I'llv
Il \r\v Orlrn'is.
F^r every such sum tlic contributors had tlic privilege of
■andiiiL' tliree such lainilies. , , „
Sixty Kuililers were to be paid back yearly to tlic con-
Iributurs, for the luainlenancoof each child, which in the
a#Bhnii and poor-houses was Ibuiid to cost nearly double ;
■ad il isreimrtcd that tlicso twelve paupers do iiioro tliaii
nuntain llieiiiselves.
The lirst jiriiieiplc of this society is, that no colonist
■Ml, even for the sliorust [leriod, bo unemployed ; and
^h' Ibis view they are under the insiieetion of the dil-
ftteiit .illieiTR, who exercise their nspeetivo duties with
til* sirietiiess of military precision, tuneral Van den
■bei'li. "« superior director, superintemleil in iiersnn the
Wjlole establishinent. A sub-diieetor presided over one
liftndred fuiiilies; a quarlcr-miistcr over twenty-lour
fcnilies; a section-master over twelve, who was rei|uireil
to bo a practical agriculturist. " Thus the whole me.
otonisiii," says Mr. Jacob, " resembles that of an arinv,
dlyiileil into sections, companies, battalions, and bri-
gtdes." They are employed in various kinds of_ labour,
gitlie prepariitioii of liinu from shells, nmkiiig of bricks,
lAililliig dwelliniis, barns, <Sr,e., but the greater portion is
gliploved in field labour; the chief impleinents are the
S lie anil tin' hoe, at which they soon beeoine suHiciently
crt. Kveiy kind of labour is performed by the piece,
llbtlii'ig by the iliiv. The women are employed in spiii-
aing ami weaving." The amount of their eaniings is re-
Slarlv kept, ami a card given which procures at the
l,li,' store timil anil other articles at fixed prices. 'J'lie
lour with spades of six individuals in digging Iburteeii
^( K, and repeatinjr the operation when requireil, the
iliwiii^', and Icirvesting, may be supposed to occupy but
■ cnlaiii portion of the lirtylwo weeks; the rest is
oiiullv eiiiiiloyed in preparing the composts for manure,
Mkd 111' this, ill fact, the success of the colony almost
Whnllv deiieiids, ,.,,,,
Ill ilie siiulliern provinces similar plans have been put
in |ir M'liee.
^W'r i<aw toe little of female society to form any judg-
jciit as to the share which tlie ladies take in the aniuse-
tms iif their lords and masters. 'I'hey are uiiderstooil,
iwiver, to make excellent wives, and to niaii"re the du-
slie eniici-rns with fidelity and ability I " m a," as an
anonymous writer has it, " it i^ a general ohservaliim
Ithii eoiintrv.lliiit where the wome.i bavi' llicdireelion
Vhe purse iiiid trade, the husbnin's h ,doiii prove bank-
llils, i' liriiii; till' properly of a Iriirli'irn Holland wife,
initlv atViT iiinrriiige, to apply in', .if whnlly to her
iiiiii" i." Il may also lie inenlioiicd thai instance^: .d'
hi.lililv arc more rare in Holland 'hiiii in i"'.;' oO)'\ na-
bii, li.ili'id tbey enn scarcel;- he Fiid to exist.
ITIie iiiiilillini; ^md lower rluss ol' .■ males are eerlaiijly
reiirirk.ible liir llicir bc'iiily ; bm lli<.,r |I -esa i« ;v.l
lirllv I ali'ul'ileil to si.'t off till ir li'aliircs to adviiiita^'c.
liiniiL' the lii'lti't classes, I'aiisi.in fnshioiw have crept in
til' llii'V liavc bad the advantugo of a visit from the
Aciirh eniirl ill .Vnist.'nlam.
lon the whole wo could not ngrco with tho antllhcti.al
nniiarv of ihc Duleli ehara-lcrnnd tin ir country, wlii'b
i Williiin Tiiiipli^ ba.^ giv n us, wi'lioiit a good deal
ImnililH'anon; but Ibis mii;lit slri|) his paragraph of
tell of ils pretliiiess. II" savs, " that il is a country
liere the earth is better loan the air, anil profit inon
rcipirsi Ihan hipllour; where there is inore si use than
more ^niiil nnliire Ihan goini liumour, and mori
inllh thiiii pleasure; where n le.in wonld I'hoose •atlie!
JtraM 1 limn (o live; will find more IhiiiL's to observi
• n ili'siie; .iii'l more persons lo esteem tliiin love."
Illiil we will enn(!luile li\ adilinir, (hat there are no |)eo
I'uri'pe s" well iroverneil as the Dutch, with so
hip PTpi'iise, and wit i so lillle trouble, bieiius liny arc
er.iniii''iMl,ipiii t,iiiilu«triou«, niiil obedient to the laws;
III lii'i- iu"i Ihey hiive a knui' lo whom they do but bare
Will' in slyliiiii; liiin the ' I r ol'hi'i i>ro|il(V'
rif\i'Ti:ii VI.
IrtMAiir. I'r run niiiNr.. fhum MMrurxN T.i (.nuvisi''.
rriie b,iil wcallier, nrhleli was hut just clrBNiig up this
VniinMi.li 111 piobably deletred passengers iVoni einhaik.
I nil liiiiril llio nil iinier, wbieli }v\) llolterdiini in tin
iniiiig. as there were not alxoc half n dor.cn mi binird.
Ii.iii 111. ri't'iiti the luiiition, or »ti>rn rahin, wholly
MW s>;Rtri'— 'U
to ourselves; which was so far fortunate, as it was ne-
cessary wc should pass the night in the boat. AVe lefi
Niincgucn about six in the evening, and about nine
reached fanmerick, the frontier town, which marks the
territorial division of the king of the Nethcrlaiuls and
of I'ni.ssia, on the lell bank of the liliine. Here we were
stopped about a q'larter of an hour by n visit I'rom the
Prussian douaniers, who appeared to be military ollieers.
'I'hev conducted Ihcinselves towards us with the niniosi
politeness, and were satisfied with merely opening our
trunks, without examining or even touching any article
within them.
■\Vi' had not inueli to regret by passing up tliis lower
]iai'tof the Rhine liy night, as the whoki couiiliy on bolli
sides of the river is a dead flat, or nearly so, as far as
Dusseldorf; and even there it does not muib improve.
I;i)W natural banks, overgrown with reeds, rushes, ami
willows, not unlike the navigation among the Zealand
islands; in some places the view shut out by artificial
enihankmenis; fiat meadows of deep green, interspersed
with corn fields, and here and there a poor looking vil-
lage, make up, where the banks do not obstruct, the view,
iiir Ihe greater part, of the lower Rhine. In short, Ilie
surface on bulb sides ilitVirs not iimeli from that of liol-
land, having the ilisadvaiil.igc of not liciiig enlivened with
those numerous anil lu at little painted houses, trim gar-
lens, r.'id avenues .if trees, which, while they adorn, ini-
part an airof clinrfulness anil comfort to the inliulala.nts
if the hitter r.Miiitry, and which are liere wholly wr.nl-
The greater part of Ihe inbiiliitanls who made their
appearance in and about the villages on the hiniks of tlie
lihine, were clotlied in rags, half naked, dirty, and suii-
buriil, almost to blackness. This was mure particularly
the ea.se between I'rdiiigeii and K'eir'crwi r)h. .Near the
latter of these places we passed a Inng straggling village
on the lefi bank, called tiilb, covered by, and in [ilaees
ciiiicealeil beliiiiil, an embankniml, which had a mean
;iiiil wretched appear .ice, tliouti;li, .Mr. Schra'her* in-
foriiis us, it possesses great lilsliirieul interest, being once
the (Jeliluba of Tacitus and I'lorus, where Drusiis es.
tabli^bed a bridge across the Hliiiie. There is no vestige
at present of any such work. Not only this village, lint
most of iliose we li id pas.;eil, wore every mark of cx-
trci.ie poverty. 'I'lic houses mean; most of them in a
ruinous einiihtioii, and siirroimded with tilth ; th'.' n.'omeii
and children, who were the only persons seen, were 111
elad mill disgiistiiii^ly dirty, with ill looking, vacant
eouiiteiianccs, and as brown as I'orli 'iicsc. At I'rdiii-
gen the lihine is crossed by a tlyiiii; liriilge.
Ilillierlo we had scarcely seen a vessel of niiy descrip-
tion naviirating this fine river; ami among ihn'^e I'l w
whieli were hero and tliere lying at anelinr uiiiler its
hanks, we did not observe a single one that carried Ihe
Dutch ling. It was not clear whether this circumslince
was owing to any impediments caused by the discussions
carrying on with lliu " l''t'.ls lliveraiiis," in eonseipienii'
of the treaty of Viennn, ir merely to tho dilVieullies nnil
ilisailvanlagcs occurring in a river navigation, with ii
current of nl least tiiur miles nn hour, and in sonic of the
contracted parts, fie. Kveii our steamer rouhl ml make
guild above five knots in the most favournblo parts, I're.
ipientlv not nbove finir, nnd sometimes only three, and
WHS olilitfed to cross constaiilly tVom one side lo ilie other
to catch Ihe eddy water, The recent mills had cmisiiler-
nblv swelled the riv i , nnd of Coursi' iiieri nsed the
sirenirlli nt'the cum lit,
I'll approaching Dnsselilorf, tho (lr<'l hills arc seen lo
make Ihcir appearance nt a short distance hi hind il. We
had 'heard much of Ihe heiinly nnd hustle which mig
be expeeli'il at this (ieniinn citv.iince I'lmeil for itsgiiller\
of pielures, but that pnrtion ol it at least which border^ on
Ihe river showed nn syioptoms of cither; nnd ii« we were
only to stop half an hour to lake on hoard sonic passen-
gers, wc did not think il worth our while lo liind, A
ruined castle nnd the tower of n chureh with its nglv
spin , lila'/.iiig with twelve irildeil suns, were the only oli-
jei Is that nttriictcd our iilli nlion.
I'Vinii Du Bfldorf to Ni'us the river winds in nn extra-
ordinarv lUiinncr, oii aciounl '.fits having, nl some Imn
or oilier, I'orsnkcn its am ient Ivd, which, however, it is
.said to have
(lowed close
done in the time of the lijimaiis, when it
111 the walls of .\eiis, llien ealkd .N'ovesiuin.
This town stands at present at thi' distance of nearly two
miles inland, so that nothing mere of it than the lolly
lower and the cupola of the church of St. (Jiiirin enn bo
seen from the river. On the tup of tlie cupola i.4 a Aifl
length colossal sliiluc of the saint, wliii b has a fii.c ap-
pearance even at this ilist.iiiee. It was at .Ni us that Dru-
siis is reported In have throw n a briilge ai-rn-^s the Hhiec;
and it was here that, in the year IHIS, the allied ■•:rn!ics
effected tin ir first passage aeroBs the river; i;ml there is
now, at the head nl' the reach before Nius,a Tyin;; Iriilgo
whose cable is moored at such a great distance up tho
stream, as to re'|nirc i liven boats in a liiielo licoy it up.
No sooner had we passed llie i;reat lieiid in the rivi r
before Neus,tlian a range of fine liliie hills showed them-
selves ill the ilisl;iiui', and were .seen to gnat ailviiiitagc
thrungli a thin transparent ethen nl mist, that liap|eiied
just then to he spread over their sides, the exhalations
probably fi'iim Ihc late rains, which the sun was just then
dispersing. .M'ter the eye had been accustomed so lung,
and so eiinipklely satiated, with loo!>iiig on the everlusl-
ing deep grien of the meadows, swaiejis, and dykes of
Helland, and with the willnHS and rushes of the low
banks ol' the lihine, il was a gre.il ii lief to
ij-ciitlc acclivity whiili the I'.ee of II
111, eoniineneing close lo and
if the river. TI
enrnfcld..
iirvey tho
cniinlry uuw put
iceiiiling from Ihe banks
- rising groninls were coven d with
copses, and planti'.tioiis of wood, and lu.iKcd
liy those disU.nt hills, which were wearing so eiiclianliiig
.1 line.
Opposite 111 till Chatiaii of Ilinrr.lh, Ihc Rhine iiiiikrs
another extraordinary 1" nil which opens out inlo i i.c of
the finest reaches we had yet seen of ihis gieal river.
This ehateiiu had ull the nppcaninci' el' being n yood
suhstanlial Imuse; it was liaelo d by an exleiisive wood
ofheeeli trees, through which several avenues had either
been cut, or the lrees,ns is most ]iiiihalik', led originally
been planted in regular lines to fiirmlhem. 'ihe grounds
in trout and on each .side were in a hivh sti.te of cnlliva.
lion, and numernus peasantry of both si .vi s eniplnycd
upon them. At the hottom, or, more correctly spealiing,
at the iiiipcr end of the reach stands Ihe aneieiit t"wii nf
Zoiis, exhibiting il.-i two spins rising out of its two Inw-
ers — the one siiuare, the other round, rroiil hence all
lliis part of Ihc gr.iml Duchy of Ii, rg, as tar as the eve
ciiild take in tl'.e eoimtiy, was hi.cki d by a long range
■ if hills, well wooded in parts, nnd cliei|Uered with cinii-
lields up to till ir very summits, ^y thai the view wan
cmiiieiitly henutiful.
On the \i([ hank of the next reach of Ihc Rliinc is Iho
town ol'Woriiigen, fnnn whence the voyager obtains tho
tlrsl sight of the " Seven .^loiintains," nuriiig tlitir blue
head just nhnve the hori/oii.
SeM ral villages now begin lo appear in men ssion
along biith banks of the rivir.till we approaih Rliynkas.
sel, in the imineiliate iieiglibiiurliouil of which the siirfiiec
111' Iho country appeared naked nnd sandy, but the river
itself winded into a Mucccssion of broad reaches ri sem-
hiing so many lakes, espceinllv lli.t fine brond expanse of
water, on Ihe right imirgin of* whiili Ihc town of NVies.
ilorf IS siliintcd.
' Tlic aulhot of Uie '.Il tl guirtr I'nr iIuim' nlin lUiiilnli I'lU, eniii
tllil'i'
111 le we first get sight of Ilie city nfCologiic, with Its
miiuerous spires and lowers. I'ri sently the li w n of .Midi-
|i iiii n|i|M',irs, siluatiil on the right bank at the heiiil of
one of the finest reaches of Ihe Rhine which wc had yet
pnsiied. .\l this place, whieli is supposed lo hn\i> hi en
Ihe capital of the rhinns, ("lesar i: said to have IhriiWii a
wiiodeii bridge ncross tin- Kliiiie. In fnci, (I wooden
III bridi;e still exists iieross Ibe river nl this place, but II is
only a Hying bridge of the ciiinin"n kinil. Krnin Ibis sjint
notViing can h<' conei ivi d more sirikiiiir ai il niiiL'infieent
tliiiii the nppearniice of the city of t ologiir, i,t (he dis.
tailce of three or I" or liiile«, siliiali d iil the liend of a Im.
ble cvpanse of wiiti r, bordered by a t'eh and heaiilifiij
c'lunlry on both nf lis niariiins, The nncieni town of
DeiiK vvilh il'i old 111 nciliellne .Mils y Is linineilhti ly
iippiislle to ("ologne ; nnd fm-'her iiilniid on the i.|iipe of
the hills i< biaiitillilly Kiln, .led Ihc nnce iphndid < haleaii
,d' Ili'iisber^', now stripped ol' ull ils magiufipciiie, niiil
I'onvi ricd, as we iiiidcriitood, into u hnspilu' Ihr Ilic re
. e I .1..-
CI ption of hill, llie*.
We nrrivcil at ('nlojrnr at light oVlocU ,n Ihr rvciunir,
■ lid look up our (jnnrlPts at Ihc Hhyiilirr;f hntrl, which
If-
It
»5v
82
A TOl :R fllROL'GH SOt'TII IIOI.IiAND.
**t.
( 'M
t^
It
Btands on llie iriur;;iii oflliu river, uiiU iiiiiiiediatcly bclbrc
which the stcamljout bmis licr pnnsciigcrs.
Colognn, Coin, or as the Oirinans cnll it, Kculcn, is a
fine old city, and at one time one of the most wealtli}'
und ttourisliing cities of Germany. It still retains, on
tJio lower part of the town, or that wliich is waslied by
the river, more eviilent vestiges of lloaian remains tlian
any other spot i>crha|>s on the banks of tlie Uhine. In a
great part of the wall which extends along tlie river ; —
in the I'l'atVentbrtc Gate, (the I'orla I'aphia or Flamines
of the Romans) on whieli apjK'ar the letters (.'.(.".A.A.
which the antiquariiins interpret CoIonia,( 'la udia,Agrip.
pina, Augnstaf^in tlie Thanns or towers rising out of
thi» wall; — in the mount on which the ancient church of
St. Mary stands, still called St. Mary on the Capitol; —
but above all, in tlie numerous imtiquities that have been,
and continue to be, dug U|), in the town and its environs,
and which have recently been collected and arranged in
two rooms of tlie museum; — in all these we have evi-
dences as strong " as jiroofs from holy writ," and alinosi
us strong as Rome itself can boast, of th" ancient Romans
having had one of tlieir fixed station : at ' 'ologne. 'I'lie
numerous busts, the sarcophagi, the stones marked with
the numb«rs of the legions stationed at this 8|>ot, form a
most valuable collection for the historian, as elucidating
the Koiiian ei.'ablishment» of their culuiiies iu tliut part
of tierinany though vihicli the Rhine llowa.
Cologno wa-j itdi jt doubt the C'olonia Agrippina. It
ii said that ih> K.'ip"ior Constantiiie caused a stone
bridge to be i recte i iver the Kliine at ( olmjne, and ihat
the foiindalioM ov the piers may still Ix; seen when the
V3tcr is lov ; i> '.tic guide-biuks say so und the inhabi-
t Mts bcli Vi. )l, l;ii no one that we tell in with was will.
• ;) > t., own Ho.. II.' r.ad seen thein. We were twice at
f -J ojin-,, hu! u)<iked in v.iin for these piers, which Hft<r
nil ii!iy 1 .obai);_. •'«■ nothing more than u ridge of rocks,
■'fiMi' 01 ■•■ in ». n'W state of tlie river.
l!ii'oj(ne '; 1'. i'rs;e city, extending full two miles along
t : Icfl ::.iiMSii' till fJhii'e, und about a mile inland, sonic-
w .it ill l.hc f'lr-. .■icresi-i-.l. It is said to contain from
(\i. to «ix' ■ I .''lid inhabitants, an estimate which,
judging fro II l.ie u^itont und Urge space of ground uiioc
copied 'vilh houses ivitliin the wuUs, would up|K'ar to tie
exaggerated. 'I'hcse o|i> n spaces consist of gardens and
Tineyardf, once bclon^^inj to tie convents, Iroin whicl
an indiftercnt kind of Rhenish wine is .xtill made, ln'ing
the first place on useending the Rhine where the grape is
eullivated for that purpose. 'J'hese g.nrden,--, w ith the pul
lie sipi.ircs, appear to occupy a considerable |Kirliun of
the city, perhaps not less than oni; third part of it. He-
sides, u city crowded with churches, cha|H Is, and eon
venis, and swarming with young priests and ancient
nuns, living in a state of eeliliai'v, is not one in which
one would lixjk fur a dense population. It is slated in one
of the guide-hooks that, previous to the oi-eupatioii of Ihe
town by llie Fre'uh, it KHitainid not l« wi r riinn Uvi he
thousand mcnilicanls, who had eiieli his |',iiieulir st,i-
tion, which, on hi" death, he lelias an inV.ritaiiee to his
children. This t..iii^ of beggars, with '■xi tliuusiiiul fu
hundred eceU Mastics and u pioixniionate lunnher ol
nims, iiiuM have composed nearl; i^ third jiart of the
w Hole |M|<ulation.
'I here ure still left beggars i ■ ^ugh, not only here, but,
•s w« ufterwurils found, in I'try ti'A-ii und village we
tuid to pass through, und idso on ilie road, where every
third or fourth fool passei;i;i r that we encouiilered,caim'
running up to the eurriiK , holding bis hut tu the wii.
dow, or poking il iiilo tb< iiisidi .Many young tierinuii'
littMiig jinisbiil their ediieatioii, or served their uppren-
ticcdiips, nnd wishing to sii* the world, make no cere
innnv <n 'isking uhns to assist them on the road. This
offensive and intrusive custom is more ficq-ieiitlv prue.
tmed, and thought less of, by decent und reH|H'ctalile |h'o-
|>ii' ill appiaru'iie, in enlholie countries, than iii others
where Ibit reli^ ui diK"> not prevail. .\t hasl il is so
on tlu! rontiiienl, where, in fad, tliev arc regularly iii-
stiucled in the pi icliee of bi'gging. 'I'hc priests Ing from
lh« people, nnd Ih j pooph' from one another. In i \i ry
church th'i hrs'<s I ct is carried round Willi n rullling of
lis copjKi pneea I i attract the nlteiition of the auditery.
Utlit r III' I uro si I up with sills in their lids, tu rcer've
whate I r I'.o "ehi ritable und the hnmane" may please
to pul into 'hem ; ind on imrticiilar tile days, us we wit.
neasrd in <. 'ologne, the Kliops are converted into rha|H'lH,
and Km fn;ures of Christ and lle^ Virgin Mary eshihited
wil'i uprii doors, in nnhr ui collect money ; and ih'cenl
tooling f )ys and girls mia lunong passiMigcrs in the
n('«-t, iiiging ihrm to (five money. In llic chureti at
lii;;li m;i»«, lliii old ivomfw, who grncrilly rompo»» two
thirds of the congregation, will drop their beads and stop
in the midst of u praycT to ask u stronger for charily.
The city of Cologne with its elmrehes, chapels, and
convents, and its eighty-thrcc towers and tliirtcen grand
gates, which M. Scliroebcr has assigned to it, has cer-
tainly a very imposing as|)cct from the river. Some of
the churcties will amply repay tlie traveller for any spare
time he may have to licstow on them, ]iarti.;ularlv that
unfinished mass of building, called the Dom Cfmrcli,
which even in its present state is one of the finest monu-
ments ol Gothic architecture, and if ever it should be
finishe<l according to the original design, which is not
very probable, would perhaps tic tlic very finest specimen
of this kind in all Europe. Looking at it externally, wc
observe over the tops of the houses that arc clustered
round it, a large mass of building, terminated by a high
roof, surrounded by turrets and pinnacles, rising out of
the most hcaulil'ul walls of florid Gothic, richly fluted
and fretted, in wliii li arc numerous windows of stu-
pendous height .ind dimensions.
This, which is the only finished part, is the choir, and
ut an immense distance from it, and oppurcntly discon-
nected, tlie unfinished walls being concealed by lofty
houses built close U).' to tliem, is seen a beautiful and
magnificent but also unfinished tower of the same rich
and florid Gotliic, rising to the height of about two hun-
dred fiet, which is Tery little more apparently than the
height of the choir. On the smnniit of ttiis tower is an
iron crane of Tcry large dinicnsions, which was used for
raising the stones; and as the progress of ttiis noble build-
ing is said to haTe lieeii put a stop to in It /I', and no at-
tempt made siiie* that period to finish i", l/iis crane must
liavc stood with its arm susiK'nded ii Die air. a remark-
able and conspicuous object, ever si. ;,;e: — whether il was
left by accident after the scaftbldiiig had licen removed,
or by design, which is most probable, to iiniircss on the
bi liolder tliat the intention of finishing the building was
nol abandoned, is now useless to eni|uire ; tiut we can
safely say it is very improh.-it'le that another nnmificeiil
personage — to carry il on, out of his private fortune —
will readily be li-niid. It is remarkalle enough that the
name of the :.r:';itect of this splrn lid building should
remain unkno-.n, t)ut the orighial design is ascribed to
the Archills' op Cngelbcrt tie llerg, whose successor
conimi nee ; il in \'i\t^.
A sisti r tower, with a ',"rand entrance between the
two, is raised nnty to tin- height of twenty to thirty feet.
Hy till origina' plan t'nese two lowers were intended to
ri.^e to the slopeiulons In ight of five hundred feet, which
appears to Ik' atiout the length of the nave and ct;oir.
'I'here is enough of the interior lo show what the ar-
langeineiils were inlendi d lo Ik'. The cohinms that were
to su,>{»>rt the roofs were all up, ainonntiiig, as is said, to
one tiuiidi'ed. Tliey are of an iimnense si'/.e, but at pre-
sent support nothing, llie only ceiling being u leinporary
llooriii',' of planks ; and the gri'at nave is eiilirely shut
up. The service is pcrlbriiii'd in tlie choir, wtiieli is ap-
proached along the tell side aisle, and ttiese are llie only
two |Urls thai arc left open; and the only finished part
is llie choir, imiI the eliapi U wiiii'h surround it. The altar
is very fine, lint not exactly eorresponding with the lofty
Gothic styli' of tlie windows, rolumiis, an. I roof. It is a
Grciiaii temple of nii ik lagon form, with eight Ionic
eoluiiiiis. till one siili' of it is the figure of llic Virgin
Murj uilh her child, am* St. IVter with his keys on the
other, two tolerably good slalucs in white marble. In
I'lc eliiiir or" two tnnilis of two Hrelibislio|>a of Colojjne,
.' itony '."■ Adolphus Sehaiiir'T'irir, surn.omited willi
t>i 1 figure I of whili miilili , which .;n|><'aied to b«^ well
(■•I'euti d jly the sidi 'f tin columns .re figures of the
aj'ostles.
Itehind th;> choir is the slirine ef the three kings or
iiiigi, said to have Isen removed ffom Milan to Cologne
in tlie year IITC, by 'he Kmpcror Frederic I., snrnamed
llurliarussa. Their names arc Melehior, Gaspiir, and
llalllnisar. The llirie skulls, whieli are uU that riuiiiin
of tlniii, arc said to have liao crowns of gold ornaniented
with all iiiamier ef jiri'eioas sloi <, which were l(.<t or
stolen wtien these highly esteemed reli.:ts were carried
oil", in IT'Jl, hy Itie grand eliiiptcrs of Cologne, who (led
witti lliein 111 \riinlierg, to is<'a|ir ihe rapacity of tin
French. Tiny were reliiriied in iHI)4, hut, as llic Swiss
of llie I'timdi told us, in a very dilVcrenl sUIb from that
in wtiieli tin y were n iil uwny ; nnd he Innleil, wtial was
nol iH'cessury, that ihey were now only prste or ghiss,
insinuating ut the Nuiiielimc thai the ireiieh had stolen
Ihe rat oiics, ibongli in (Hiint of fact they were never
within real II of the French.
The next church wr iisitid was that of Hi. I'eler, in
which iherr is nothing reinarUaMe either as to the archi-
Ircliir* or dfcnratlon Abor* ihr jfranH al'ar, howevw.
is a picture of Kubeiis, which is considered to ruik
among his best ; though neither the subject nor Ut
mode in which it is treated is calculated to give pica.
sure, but very much the contrary, to excite a painful srn.
sation. It is the crucifixiori of St. Peter with the head
downwards, and the executioners straining their musclci
and distorting their features in hoisting him up. 'i'li,
French carried it oflTand placed it in the museum of I'j,
ris, but were otdigcd to restore it at the end of the war
St.''Mary's is a fine old church, standing on a hill, b
which we ascended by u flight of steps. On this hill u
is supposed, as we have already observed, that the Roniau
Capitol stood. There was no want of pictures in tin
choir, and on the side walls, hut as we only saw it during
service, and the church was full, we could not distinguisii
what the subjects were, or who were the artists. The
church of the Apostles is a pluin building, standing at
iUv. head of the largest of the five or six sijuares oi' tin
town. This s(|uare is planted round with trees, wliicli
afford a shady walk, and the centre is suffieiently largt
to allow of a parade, on which they mount guard every
morning, and is cajiablc of admitting from Oiree to four
Ihousand soldiers to he manoeuvred. The number o;
troops in Cologne was said to amount to about two
tliousaiid four hun'tred, who looked remarkably snian
with their white belts over their blue uniforms turnec
buck with red, and closely buttoned up to the throii.
The Prussian otticers, not only here, but in all tlic gar-
rison towns, mix much in society, generally dine at tlic
tiiblcs d'hote, and arc much respected as a body of well
tieliavcd, gentlemanly men.
From the churches we paid a visit to the Stadhiiis, rir
hol-.'l de ville, which is a very curious old edifice. Tim
portico consists of a double arcade of heavy Gotliit
orches, with Ionic columns of nirrble between them
the entablature between the two tiers of arches are
six long inscriptions, much defaced, and not easily lepi.
hie on this account, as well as trom their height. t)ne ij
till ni wo could make out to be in the Latin languayr,
and inscrilx'd npiiarently to one of the Caesars. It re
ited to something which concerned the llhii; iierhapnj
brief history of the colonisation of these (leople, who
emigrated tVoiii the eastern or (German sideof the Rhino,
and settled at Cologne under Claudius ('u)snr, who, ir
compliment to his wile, called it Cotonia Afiriiipina. In
the centre I'rieze, iKtwcen tlic two tiers of coluimiH, Is i
has relief representing, apparently, Hercules strangling
the lion.
Observing near this spot a great concourse of pcoplj
entering the doors of nn old building in the same eni'lv
^iii'«, we found that it contained u eolhction of paiiilinci
and Roman aiiti(|uilies ; in short, that it was a musrun
recently established. It coiisisled of six or seven rooini
the walls of whieli were well covered with u very ext>u
sive colK'i lion of pictures, mostly tiy old masters of tin
Geriiiaii school, many of thiiii us liir buck ,is Ihe tliir
teenlli and fonrUintli centuries, and eonfineil ehielly v
sai red subjects ; holy fuinilies, and other sacr»'d periKiii
ages, Willi llie golden eiri le, or glory, as il is calKci,
round their hi ;'ds. 'I'here were Issides a great eollcelioi;
of old portraits, nnd a li w iiiothrii (.letures; Imt there
was then no eatulogiie, and tVoiii the gcnerul antii|uiti
ofthu paintings, il jirolwhly would be no easy niuttsr li
preimre one.
Ttie streets of Cologne arc in «o had a state, that thn
would ap|s'ur not to huve lieeii paved for a century ; aiiil
what is ei|iiutly had, they are seldom, if ever, r:wcpl, rr
in any way cleaned. In the hiwir or most ancient pari
of the town, nlmig the hank ot the river, where Iht
streets ari' exceeilingly iiairow and the houses lolly, llii
filth niukes till III almost iinpassnble, nnd the sleiir^
highly olli'iisive. Tlie only scouring they get is iVviiii
the tor cnt* of rain fulling from long s|H)uts, wliirli
almoKt every huuse has projecting from ttie roof in tin
shn|it' of dragons, snnkes, nnd dolphins,
it may he doubled whether if Ihe fifty or i.ixty thniisaM
lio'ittcs cif can de Cologne, sup|K>Hcd to lie inunufaetareil
here aniilially, were sprinkled over these streets, Ji»y
would be thereby rendered sweet : |M'rtin|is, indccil iln
lilml'on V onid only make llieni more oiVeiisive ; hr ;l
huppeiKil lo IIS, when crossing in n slennilioat (IVoiii '•■
leiid), Ilia n stiower of rain drove Islow soim iiinily ■■
a tiuiidred p ssongers, wliose wet cloaks nnd coals, xilk
till hint from llie engines nnd the sincll of fried ml
cam I'd so moist, liilsly, and fetid an nlinosphere, lli>'
the steward thought lie could nol do IhIIit, liy way '
enrreelNig it, than to sprinkle a couple of b<illleH of <»
de Cohigiie : tiiil tliln Mieruused instend of alintiiiK U«
nuisance, and iiinde llie stench iii'oleratde.
Cologne has been called " the nirtirsland mo»t glimsT
city of ita sit* in Furop*," •ml "the [irnple m m«H»t
L<^.^
18 considered to ruik
er tlio subject nor U,e
calculated to give plct.
, to excite a painful son.
!>t. Pclcr with the head
straining their miisclci
hoisting him up. Tht
it in the museum of I'g.
t at tlic end of the war
li, standing on a liill, to
f steps. On this liill n
>scrved, that the lionuu
vant of pictures in tlie
18 wc only saw it durinji
we could not distinguish
were the artists, 'i'lie
n building, standing m
ve or six s<|uarcH oi' Hit
Dund with trees, which
litre is sufficiently large
hey mount guard every
tting from tiiree to lour
uvred. The number c:
amount to about two
oked remarkably smm
r blue uniforms turned
loiied up to the throM.
Iiere, but in all tlic gar-
y, generally dine at tlic
jccted as a body of wcL
visit to the Stadhuifl, or
iirious old edifice. The
rcade of heavy Gotliic
niprble between tlieni
: two tiers of arches art
ced, and not easily lepi.
0111 their height. Dne J
in the Latin languatrr.
3 of the Caesars. It re
•lied the Uhii ; (wrliupa a
in of these (loople, who
eriuan side of the iihine,
lamlius Ca^snr, who, ir
Colonia Afiriiipina. In
o tiers of calumiis, is i
lly, Hercules straiiglinj
•eat concourse of pcopit
Iding in thi^ same enrln.
u eolhcliiiM of paiutinp
t, lliiit it was a museuir
d of six or si vcn rooiin
•red with a very e.xln:
by old masters of the
far bark ,!s the lliii
liind ('ontine<l cliletir ^
1(1 (illuT Barred perMi
{.'liiry, as ii is ealieo,
•-iilcK a great enllcetioi,
111 I'll tuies ; but tliirt
(lie general uiitii|uily
il be no easy iiiuttvr h
u bad a state, that thai
l\t d for a century ; miii
|lum, if ever, i;wepl, n
r or most ancient part
the river, where iht
Id I lie lioUKi's lolly, thi
IHiitilr, mid the Ntcni^.
iiig they get is from
long viHUitH, wliirii
Ig from the roof in liii
|)hins.
fifty or RJxty thoniuM
l^d to lie maiillfaet.irt(
•r thene strwts, ,)iei
|K'rha|iH, indreil hi
lore (ill(ii»ive ; lit '.
sli^nniboat (IVoiii ' U
Ih'Iow Home iiinely «
L'loaks and coats, Kilii
lb< "iiiill of fried oil
1 ntiiHffphere, tin'
|d>i U'ller, by wiy ''
liipb^ of Uitllei of i»
jislend of nlmtlui tin
llrrnhle.
tirst .ind mntt glmnt
|h« pe.iple *■ metl»v
A TOUK THROUGH SOUTH HOLLAND.
f-i
t
miserable as the buildiiiga." 'I'liis is somewhat over.
,rged i for, in the higher part of the town, the streets
Ue niucli wider and in better order, and as the Sunday
me spent at ("olognc was a foto day of some kind or
igBier, wc observed all the streets in that neighbourhowl
thickiy strewed with oak leaves, from baskets carried by
■ver.il hundred boys anil girls, who had been attending
Svine service at St. Peter's church. In the same streets,
Jko, we olHcrviid before the open windows and doors of
»Ve'ral houses, small altars with Christ on the cross, anil
Ze Virgin decorated with flowers, and coloured glass
Ifoads, the object of which was to collect a few cents or
•lossiMi from the i>oor.
. We could not but remark that we never saw the
^relies so well attended in the whole course of our
tour as those oft.'ologne; that immense building tin;
Join cliiireh was so crowded at the evening service, that
it was almost inijiossible to squeeze in, but the attraeliun
was a popular preacher, an elderly man, who wtia very
Miergelie and animated ; but it did not appear to us that
«jtlior his ciiuueiution or his action had any pretence to
b« considered as graceful.
At high mass on tlie Sunday morning, Imtli at bt. 1 e.
tor's and St. M,iry's, wliieli we attended, the great iiia
jprily of the audience consisted of females. In the lore
noon the ordinary oceupations seemed to be followed a>
on other days, and 1 found no dilliculty in getting money
at the hauliers to enable us to proceed the following
lllorning.
; In the evening the bridge of boats, that connects Co-
fcgne with the small town of Deutz, directly op|K)site to
tt. was crowded with well dressed [n'ople of IkAIi sexes,
ftis liiiiiL', it seeiim, the favourite promenade in the suni-
iBcr evenings. .\ small toll of about a halfpenny is ex-
acted at the entrance every time tliat a person passes,
^he eoinpaiiy is not ofleii disturbed by the oiMiiing of a
issage to let vessels through, tile trade apparently not
iiig very active. Vessels lie on both sides the bridge,
I mostly above il; their nnmlier might Iw from twenty
to thirty, mostly of the long narrow elass peculiar to the
Bbiiie, and the lading appeared eliielly to be coals.
Cologne was once liuuous liir its niaiiufaetures of clotl
but the wise magistrates of tliis city had tlie folly, on
j(aiiii' riiiloiis eoniliict of the weavers, to cau^e near tw
Uiousand looms to be Icinil, theconsequ'^iiee of wliii:li was
|liat the owners of lliem (piilled the eity, ai-d carried on
iieir trade in olhirs, where a wis< r puliey existed. They
Iso in the vear IfiHi, in a tit of n ligious aniinoyily, I'l-
led every protestant from ( 'ologne, tlu.ugh the (Hrsoiis
fthii eimmuiiity were the bell «iid nioiil industrious of
11 ir artisiius.
I'll, y lia\e siill some trirtiiig luamilactories of cotlon.s,
til ,1 eoarse kind, and silks, of kiul stoening.s, caps ami
jgl.i\is, I'f HiiulV, from one of wliieli eslalilislinieiits we
blisi 1 veil not h'sK than lour or live huiKJieil men retiini-
^n:; iVom their daily labour. The maniilaeture of eau de
I'ologiie emplov a considerable luiiiiln'r of |ii^r«oiis, niid
i> said to produce a revenue of lliree to four Inimlred
lliunsaiiil franci. 'I'hal brown pigineiit knuvii lo artists
Uiiilrr llie name of burnt I'mlier or Cologne earth, is pre-
pan il here from a s|Keie» of earthy coal dug out of tlie
liiountaiiu lietvveeu Coblentz an.. I'ologno.
cnVPTEIl VII.
FROM COLIKINK TI) ( Olll.rNTl.
Having (.itislied our eiiriosily iia lo nil that Cologiii'
Was likely to alVoril for our information or amiiseinent,
we hired a ealeehc and pair to take us a.« far as h'raiik-
iiirl, from whence it had eonie the day liefore with a
|iiirly. Our agreement was that we should sti.|i at such
)il.iri s on the route as v\e might think fit, liiil not lo ex-
jCei il for the whole journey tlin'e days; and for this joiir-
;nev, whieli is nl least one hiniilred and li ii miles, we
^vire lo pay fiHy.six llorins, or M. I.'lc. I//, slerling, o
'•mil tl I will not Im' ili^eined i xiravagailt for Ihe e.mvey.
iiiire III M'veii iKTsoiis anil till ir haggaire. This ealeehi'
is I he kind of carriage most eonimmily in use along the
li' 111, and indeed all over the Netherl.iiids; it is not
5^i|iiiii SI) eoinmmliouK as the Dutch ehar-u-bane, bill we
iiiilrived without ineoiM il nee lo stow six in the inside,
our li.iggage, part of «liieh was placed in a larpe
mid basket under the seat of Ihe driver, oiiil Ihe trunks
vere strappeil on U'hinil. The ■crvunt look his scat
ftliiii:; with (lie driver.
Dii Hie IHIh, III eight in the I0'<rning, wc hi'l Ciiloi;iie,
ml ariuid iil Iloiin nliuut leu ; liie intermediate eoniitrv
I eullivHteil, hut the siirfaee rather tlal, and devoid of
eh iiitereHl. The hills on our right, nnil those U'voiid
|lh'> Uliin I oil the lefl, had now rreedH tu a c(.<iisiderablc
Cdnlaiic".
It hapiieiied to bo market day at Bonn, and the square
in which it was held exhibited a novel and curious njt-
pcuranco in the assembled groups. In the centre of this
square and down the whole length were about two hun-
dred women drawn up in a long line of two deep, each
having a clean white handkerchief neatly folded round
the head. The chief articles of sale, which were carefully
arranged in the middle space between the two lines, were
greens and fruit of various kinds, bread, butter, and eggs,
'i'liere was no noise nor tumult, and wc could not but
contrast the order and decorum that were here observed
with what is usually seen in an English market, more
especially in such a one as Covent Garden, where it
would be no easy matter to oblige two hundred women
to keep silence.
In the centre of the niarki't-place is a pyramid and
fountain, and the townhousc stands at the head of the
sipiaie. It is supposed that the Roman general Drusus
(lerinanicus tlirew a bridge over the I'liine at Bonn, but,
ill reliiruiiig by water, wc could not see any vestige of il.
Tlie neighbourhood of lioiin, however, is full of Roman
antiquities, and many private collections of them are
said to have lieeii made there.
This eity has recently revived one of those German
Universities, where young men, like the polytechniques
of Paris, fancy themselves to know more than their
teachers, laugh at religion, set at defiance all authority,
liehavo with insolence to their (ellow citi-/.eiis, lose all
seu<io of decency, and muddle away their time in drink-
ing beer and smoking tobacco. They are, in fact, the
fruitful iiursories of immorality, sedition and licentious-
ness. That of Uoiin jierhaps may be said to be as yet in
a si ite of youthful innoeeiiee ; and it was probably under
this idea, ami the influence of such names as those of
.Niehuhr and Sehleigel, that hail iiidueed sevc ral (•iii^lisli
lamilies to lake up a resideiiei' at Iloiiii, for the benelil
of their children's edncalioii, mostly however, as we un-
derstood, li)/ the instruction of the feinale part in niiisie,
whieli is here mueli cultivated. The ceh'brated Reilho-
veri and also .Salmon ric ived their musii'al cdi'eation at
lioiiii. 'i'he population is estimated ai about ten thousand,
ami a eiiiisiileral)b' portion is occu|iied in the maiiufae-
tori I if cottons and coarse cloths, aiimi and smiH'.
I'lie range of iiills from tiodeslierg are seen to eoii-
tmue as far as that of Rolaudsee, whose steep side de-
si^ends to the very brink of the Rhine ; ai.d, on the op-
posite side of the river, the base of the " castkd crag of
Drakenfels," the first or iiortherinnost of the Siebcnber-
gen, or Sevin .Mountains, comes down close to the water's
1 dge, ill deliaiiee as it were of its opposite neiglilHiur.
These two mountains of Kolandsec and Urukenfels foriii
lire grand purtal or entrance into a deep, dark, and gloomy
ravine, through which the contracted Rhine is seen to
force its volimie of water with an accelerated enrrent.
Wlien no longer hemmid in ix^tweeii the dark and
glowing sides of the narrow portal or defile, its tranquil
and expansive surface is interrupted only by two beaiili-
fol islands, the larger of which is called Rolaiulswerth,
or N.'iinenwerth, the Island of Ihe Nuns, so named from
a eeh;li.-aled eonvinl erected on the island. A few of the
nuns w re still left when the empress .losiphine visiu d
this spot ; nnd their siliiation, and the Inaiity of the
islands. Interested so much that humane and kind hearted
woman, that by her influence she saved the convent from
suppression. The nuns, however, were now all gone, but
the eonvi'iit was yet remuiiiiiig, Is'ing ennverled, at vim-
hiderable et|)ense, into an inn or hotel; a speenlation
which, il seems, had not answered the exjM'ctalions of
the proprietor, who was endeavouring to dispose of the
whole island, of one luinilred and forty or one hundred
and lilly aere.j, by lollery, in whieli, we were told, several
of our laimtrymeii in passing had taken tickets, " lieing
so near to Kngland." I'lepiestionnbly the island of Non.
nenwerth would form one of the most delightful smimicr
relnals that could Is- desired; and as to its nearness lo
I'ligland, it may iiol, |H'rliaps, occur lo an Kiiglishman,
that Ihe dislaiici; fiom liondon to Nomicnwerth is si >erai
miles less than from iiondon lo Edinburgh, Hut lliis
may easily be seen by placing one lisit of a jiair of coiii-
pasKi's on a map of I'.uro|M', on Iiiindon, and tliu other on
lOihiilic'L'h, wiieii Nonuenwcrth will be found to fall
within till circle dern'rilird by them. It is not surprising,
lliereli*^- that English advcntun'rs should start fiir a
pri>c ttr.l would givi' tlwin pimsi^iwion of so lovely a aiiot.
As an nil, il wai objeetionalile on iiecount nf tl r trouble
of enwsing Ihe water, nnd Ihe lesn likely lo sueci'ed, from
tlierr biing by the rood side, directly opponitc tu it, o
tolenlily good and long established house.
Till' iiimnery and HolBiidser, so near lo piicli other,
cmild not fail to jivc rise to some loinanlie tab', in a
pouiitry wiMire loimiicc ItM alwiiya hern highly cherithcd:
and .accordingly Schiller has coin|H)scd a ballad of Itohaid
ml his mistress, hut shidcd the t>cene into Suil/.erlaiid.
Tradition says lliat Roland, the nephew of Chiirleinngne,
causi'd the present ruined castle of Itolandsec lo lie built,
in order to be near his mistress, who had bcconiu a nun
at the convent of Noiinenwcrth.
Legends of this kind, whether founded or not, imparl
an additional interest to the romantic scenery of this i.nd
other parts of the Rhine; and they are so abimdaiil, that
almost every one of the numeroiis old castles has its le-
gend of dragons and devils overcome, and ravi.shcd vir-
gins relea.ced, by monks and Christian knights.
Th(^ other little island contiguous lo Nonnenwerlh is
called Grafenwerlh, which, with the former, divide the
Rhine into three parts, firming three rapid streams ; and
lhe.se being somewhat dangerous, are called by the bo.il-
ineii " God's help."
The boatmen oi" the Rhine, in fact, require help, even
where there is little or no danger; they arc Ihe most
elunisy and inexpert watermen, in the nianagemcnl of
small crart, that can well be iimigiiied.
Having passed these islands, we again witness lh»
Rhine spreadiier out into a broad, ixpaiisive lake, its
margins covered with numerous villai;es, those di llio
right bank being iiihabiled chiefly liy men who work tho
quarries for s-late and building shines. The level pieces
of ground, next lo Ihe river, are exeredingly well and
neatly cullivated with grain and vegctaliles, interspersed
with orchards of fruit trees, apples, pears, cherries, tnd
walnuts; and the shiping sides of the hills are covered
with vineyards; and above these tlie hi^'her parts arj
clothed with furcbt trees or coppice wood to their very
suinmils.
Along both shores of this part of the Rhino, village
after villige siieeeed eaeh other at short inlirvals ; hut
at the upper end of thi' present reach, wliere llie town of
I'likel is sitnaled on tlie right bank, and Olieruiiiter on
the left, the iiK)nnla':is ajtniii Is'gin to clnse and to put
on a more rugged and pietiuesque ap|)earanee.
The moiintiiins in this niighliomhood are eoiiiposed
ehlelly of black ha.salt and argillaeeous slate, with which
I'lmost all Ihe houses of Ihe towns imd villages in tho
iong defile of the Rhine arc built and covered ill ; and
with the former the slreets are, for the most part, rudely
paved. Vines are planted aloiiij the steep sides of tho
mounlains on evi ry little spot, liowevir biiiall, where any
soil can he obtaiiuil.
-Viler clearing the narrow pass of Amlernach, the neat
town of Neuweid, with its little blue alalid inofs and
white eliiiimeys, appears at a dislam^e en the op|)osito
side of the river, the very picture of neatness and uni-
formity.
A little fiirtlicr one, we passed the small village of
Weisserllmrm, the white tower, a building apparently
of no very remote lUiliqiiily, which stands near the end
of the village. Close to this spot, on Ihe right of thu
road, just above an orclianl, an nls lisk has Ih'cii erected
111 the memory of Gti' ru! i.'uche, witii this siniplu iu-
scripliou :
" Tlio nriny *ii ilii< Hinilire niiri Muuie,
Tu 114 Ciiiaiiiatidi r In t'hiut.
Him lit'."
The French under this general crossed the Rhino at
this plai* two or three times — Ihe last on the 16th of
.\pril, 17DT, immediately opposite to Ibis village. An
island ill the middle of the Kliine, of which he lirst look
luissession, gave great facility in accomplishing the pn>-
sage. It is also at Ibis very s|h)1 tliat Ciesiir it iupputed
lo have crossed the Kliine.
Ilevond this island, the river is again seen to spread
out ils waters, and the hills on Ihe left hank to recede,
leaving Is'twren tlieni and the Itliine a well cultivated
valley oi plain, over which arc scattered nunierous villnt,
with extinsive gardens and pleasure grounds, with fruit
IriH-s 111 the greatest nbiindanee ; and the road passes over
Ibis description of country at such a distance fniiii the
river as to conceal it from the sight; and it is i i '
approached on nrrivini; at a large stone lir
across the river Mowlle, and whose Ictcdu
opiHisilo end, is the wall and gale of Co'ilenl
lelt of the rond at a little ilislanec from ihis en. . m
the tongue nf land which nc|iarales tlui Uhinu t'rniii tho
MoHcih), is the miiiiuincnt creeled to the memory of thci
French gcneml Mareenii, who, at the ago of twcnly-siz,
anil in the fourth year of the Itepuhlie, porislied near
Alleiikirchcn, by a rille ball, whihi iiltcmpling to inlrr-
eept tliu rctrvut uf Jourdan, It is a Iriineated pyramid,
on the four races of which are long iiiseriplions in French,
rrrording brieflv the history of his inihlarv enrwr. "liui
qui III sois," Mva one nf Ihnn, " nmi on rimemi de efl
i
I- 9
i
puni( hiJroH, ri's|iecte sc* ceudres.'
Till
y wer» no ru
.w«;
m-'
•1 if: '"
\:t
81
A TOUU TIinOL'CJlI SOUTH HOLLAND.
'i
t
;r^
1 'H
ii.rf^
t^%
It
spcoted ; for his liincial was iitttnilctl by tlio oUicers of
tlie Austrian ua well as tlic I'ronch uriiiy.
" H/it'l", iiravi', iin;t iilnriniis, \\n> his yonni,' cnrt'rr,
11. ^ lll'i;.r.li-is ui'lr tUd lins1.<, Ills iViciirls and [ors ;
And lii>- II. lu Ui'- Ktrniifior, liiiji riiiL' hi r.',
i'r i;; Un his (i.TlUmt .-pinL's Imi^Ii. irp-.se."
The hones of IIoclic, whose monumriit, as before mrn
lioiied, is at Wicsscr-tliuriii, arc said ulso to be buried
here.
'J'he eity of Ciiblentz takes its name from the position
it oi-fn[ii( s on tlie point of I.ind, firmi'd between tlu
liliiiie and the .Mosell ■, — ('oiijliieit)in. Its shape is Iri-
anyid.ir, on(^ side exlenihu^r alonir 'he Mom He, the other
alcin;; t)ie I'hine, and the third side inlund slrelelies he.
tweeu thi' two rivers. On the opposite side of the Rhine,
is the eclihr: led lortress of llhrenhritslein, "the Itroad
Stone of Honour," whieli is seen to fniwn over the small
town ol"I'hal, at its feet. The river is here erossed l)y a
noble hrid'.'e of lioiils, whieli ennneels this lijrtress and
town with < 'iihlentz. The I'Veneh, who destroyed every
thin;: Ihi.'V enuld not keep, bh'w up the aneii'nt works uf
rOhrenbritstejii, at the truec of Leobcii ; and thus the pott
has truly observed —
" I'eari.' iti'blinyi"! w h.lt w.trniulil ni vri liliutlt."
The ruins of the nneient easlles and towers, mixed
with the ru!|;n;ed and shapeless erags, are said to have
jriven to the eonimandina: mountain of IChrenhrit.itein n
j(rand and imposiii;: appearance iVom the op])osite rpiny
ol* t'ohlentz, hut liis I'russian majesty has thounht tit to
n'lu'w tlu' liirtilieations, aeeordinir to the modern unpie-
luresipie plan of military works of this kind. In hiet,
the rui:;;!'!! r-imimit of the lock has been smuotlu'd down
and levelled, and is now eovcred to an innnense extent
with bastions ami balterii's, with rumparts aiid round
tiovers, whieli, hut to look at from the opposite hank of'
the river, are euouirli to make a )iea(eabli^ man In ndile.
These hattiries, however, stitVand liirmal as the_v are, « ith
the bri<l;:e ot' boats thrown aeross the Khine, at one of it.-
noblest ■,-,;iielies, [leutly Howiuy between its henntihil
banks, the massv stone bridi^e whieh erosses the Moselle
and tirms a ti te-du-i)out to Ci.blentz, and the innuerons
towers and spiles whieh rise above the walls and build-
ings I'l that eity, eoiii|iose one of the most nnifrniticeiit
views that the imai^iniition ean coneeive, when seen, as
we had tiie op|K>rluiiity of duiuo; on our return, from the
middle ol'the Itliine abnut liali'a mile above tbi' brid^'e fit
boats. Cdblentz, however, is the last place that a peace,
able m-n would eboose to dwell in. Stroii^'ly Ibrlilieil
nil every side, it would probabiy stand the sietje of an
enemy tiir many inonlhs: iiiid il'at last ',rot possession of,
tlie Ireueudous I'ortn ^s n\' IOI)renl)^it^tl■iu, if op|i.ised to
the invaders, as woidil iiinsl likelv he the ca.-e, would
f-peedily baiter down tin i ity of t'ohlentz with its ean.
null, and with disiruetivi shells lay if in ashes.
'J'he ilistnncf from C'oloirne to Coblentz is about liftv-
t."o miles, wlueli we aeconipitshecl in eleven hours, with
the same pair of horses Jito, as already observed had
arrived nl ( i.ln;;-!!.' only the iveiiiuy; beliire, I'roiii I-'rank-
tort. 'I'lic day war closing; ni when we entered llie
town ; ami as we le:V it early the liillrnviiii: luiii-niiiL', wr
miw but little of il;^ interior. I >iir hnti I was the Drie.
Hrtitzers, situ:. ted on the rampart, close to the river, in
the neiiibhourhood of which ev. r\ tliinjr seemed to par-
liiki' of the military i baraeter. it was the same from
imr first iiUry at the leSi-du-imnt, throiiirli all the streets,
ilown to the bnnk of the river — nothina; but snidicrs.
Iior.so and font, weiv paradini; the streets, ami on leaving
we oliserved the eii:.i:M.ers huvilv employed ill strenirth.
enini; the old w.n-ks inlanil and addini,' new nnes ; s.i
anxiou.i does his I'mssian majesty apiH'.ir to make iinv
li.^slilo pasi.aire of the Hliine, at ibis place, nrxt to
possible
main.
or ut leisl not very praetieable bv a coup d.
t'IIAPTi;U Mil.
O.OIILRMZ TO KlUVCKfOllr, AM) n.\CK TO 4I^-I..V-CII*rEI.I.P:.
Oil the inornin;,' of the llllli we proeecdi'd from Co.
Iileiitz tlu'ouull 11 pleanaiit euunlry, but without an\
Kirtinjfly marked tenluresi the viilii(re» and Hcallered
hoii . < mostly surrounded by vineyards and onhards;
till' luouiitaluN n eediiij; on both sides i.f the lihiiie, nmiH
tiiliie than those below ( 'nbien'i, iilld woll elotliid to l!:ws
miumiils Willi den^e woods.
On proieeiliii;; abiiiu' the left, bank, «■• pMs tliroui;li
the small town of Klniise. 'I'ljc Hliine here |s ot iir.'it
br<'adlb, and takes an iiiiiiienDe ssviap to the hll, and in
the deep bend In seen the village of Neiders|K'y, nller
M l(Kh, on tui iinnf a , rain to (he ii^lil, w« have llio villiij^n s
of MittelsjH'y and Petorspey, situated in the midst of rich
meadows and orchards, above which, on the rising
(Tronnds, are extensive vineyards; while the opposite
mountains on the riffht bank are wild and nijriTed ; the
villajres at their li'et mean in apjH'aranco; the few inlia-
bitants who showed themselves wearing, in their dress
and appearance, the marks of great ])overty. At lioppart
the Khiiio resumes its Ibriner direction.
Uoppart is a very curious old town, built on the ruins
of ancient forts and palaces, erected in the days of the
Romans and the Franks. Some old convents have been
converted into more useful purposes than their original
intent, — manufactories of cloth and cotton. 'I'lic church
is a])parently not less Hncient or curious in its liothic
structure, aiul its octagonal spires, than the conven's.
The houses appear to be built mostly of wooden beams,
arranged in vi-.rioiis directions, and the spaces between
them tilled up with lath and clay ; the streets are narrow;
and as the second and upper stories project beyond the
ground story, the op|iosite neighbours might aluKj.st shake
bands out of their gable ends. The wiKid work is gene-
rally painted black, and sometimes carveil and twisted
into a variety of shapes. It is almost unnecessary to add,
that the streets are ill-paved, and miserably dirty; but this
is not peculiar to Dnppart, being the common characte-
ristic of every Catholii' town along the banks of the Rhine.
Indeed it may be mentioned, as a general observation,
that although the road which skirLs tlie left bank of the
If bine Ironi Cobli'Utz to Kiiigcn is one of the mo.st level
and beautil'ul, perhaps, in all Murope, the moment it
eomes within the verge of ii town or village, it sciMiis to
he int'eeted with the prevailing malady, and ceases to de-
serve any commendation.
This line road is, by eominnn necnrd, ascribed to the
labour of the French army while it held imsse.ssion of the
country.
From liojjpart to Salzig the mountains recede from the
liver, and the intermediate space is composed of mea-
lows, ne.it cottages surrounded with gardins and or-
eharils, ill which are planted immnicrahle <piantities of
cherry trees, while walnut and ash trees, mingled to-
i.'etlier, mantle up the sides of the mountains and the ra-
\iiies to their very summits. The libine here assumes
the appe.'iranee f>f a v.ast lake, on Uw opposite or right
bank of whieh are the ruins of the two ciistles, usually
called the Two lirothers, of Iiiebenstein and Sterufi'ls,
eoncerning whom there is a legenilary love tale, which,
by a little ingenuily ami dramatic liiet, might be iiiade
aeeeptahlo to a modern audience at one of tlic minor
theatres.
We now approach a very romantic part of the river,
and perceive at a ilist.inee the extensiM' ruins of lie inl'els,
and the am ieut town of St. (ioar, situated iminedialely
below them. From this part of the road is opened out j
one of the mo.st wild and rugged views of mountain
scenery tii.it had yi t ap|H'ared ; the sides of the inonn-
laius looking like two black irigantie walls ; the river,
ti'om a noble evpanse, becoming at oiiei' lairovv, deep,
and rapid, and the navigatinn not by any means t'ree
ti'oiii il.iinriT. The niiiK'd tbrtress of Reinfels is pleasinglv
pictiiiesipie, and tlie most impoHing of any of the ruined
castles we bad vet seen.
The town ol' St. (ioar. like all those we have yet seen
on the banks of this noble river, has but little to reeoin-
iiieiid it. The houses are moillv, like those of Uoppart,
in a wrelcheil state of mill, built ol' wooil and clay, ami
llie upper p.irls of lliem overhaiiLring a narrow street,
dirtv anil ill-paved: and we observed that the interior of
manyof .!iem,uliieii had the doors open, was e(|ually dirtv,
and almost wholly destitute ot't'iirniture. The ti w inlia-
hilants «e saw wire mostly women, ragged and sipialid,
— their vellow I'aei «, hi lek bair, and coloured iia|ikiiis
lied r. .noil their heads, gav them very miieh the appear-
ance of the lowest class i ' Malays, as we see tlieiu in
prints, or the lowes! niiiong llie uypsy tribi >
We had here a spiiiiiun of tlie laziiies» id' tlio men.
.vliicb, being the • mioii practice in all that pari of the
Prussian iloiimu. .IIS llnoii.ih wbub <\e pa««ed, had I're-
cpienllv iitlraetid our iioliee. Tl,e loll bar is ii long pole,
liiriiilij; on aswive), In'tween Iwojh'sIs lived in the ground,
on the hiile of the roari <i|mrtv\W to Ibi loU-hiiiise, and is
weighed down bv n hinvv sUmk lixnl on the shorter end,
so ns 1.1 kiep It iilwa\ii .\|K II 111 the daytime. It is iu-
viirmKv piiihlvd bhu ami yellow, in n spual line, like our
'mrbi r> |Kili-. Tin- ilnvcr never tliinUn nf iiassing one of
Ihuse loll bars widiout stop|nnv, u he would otherwise
be liabli to n pi iially. The colli dor, liowi \er, will r.irelv
tike III. Iioiilili. to come out of the lioiLse to receive the
till, but (iiils out of the window a little purse, at the end
of « loiijj stick, for the money ; and it' a ticket l«i neces-
sary, lie ri'ttini" it ill « "lit ut tlw I'lid ot iJie iwum; »iieK.
On the opiHisitc side of the river is another smoll town
called tioarhuusen, directly over whieli is seen the ulj
castle of Katz, or, as it is sometimes called, Neukatzeiid.
Icnbogcn. Mr. Stdirieber says, tbi.-. castle saluted Xinio.
Icon one day, whieh frightened bis horse, and he gavi.
iniinediate orders for its demolition.
It is at the foot of this Katzberg that the rugged .it!,)
gloomy contraction of the river commences, of which vf
have just spoken. On entering the ravine, the first objcci
that attracts the notice of the passenger is a nakeci mass
of black rock, singularly curious, whose strata appear to
have been thrown up and disrupted, and the great basaltic
tabkts and colmnns piled on each other in hideous disnr.
der. 'J'his is the celebrated lairleybi.rg, or re|icatiii(;
mountain, so called from an e( ho which, in certain | osi.
lions, is said to re])eat u voice or noise four or five liniis.
'I'liis circiimstance, together with the turbulent Riiiiii'
taking a sudden turn and foaming round its base, have
given rise to a legend ten times told, and in ten dill't rent
ways, about a water nyinpli and a prince paKatine, wliidi
every travedler hashes up in a way that he supposes iiinv
be most palatable to his readers. This Oiidine is said In-
some to have been mischievous, and that she u.sed I'l,
charm the boatmen with her syren voice, and thus con.
trivod to draw them into the whirlpool close to the roili.
\\'e now approach OlK-rwescl, on the left hank, nn old
and impoverished town, with a remarkably fine tJutliic
church. Near the entrance of flic town is a chapil,
which, we are told by the guide books, was erected as a
monmnent to the memory of a boy named Werner, wli,,
had been stolen from his parents by the .lews, and niiir.
ilered by tli( in ; — why, it is not said, — but the eve,., „
supposed to have happened in the year IU87.
The position of this town amid hirty and rugged moiin.
tains, and abounding with shattered towers and criimblin^r
walls inclosing it, and in which ar(^ tin remains often ot
twelve of the tiirmer still standing, and the distant tiiif
.scenery, viewed ovi'r the silvery surface of the Rliiiii.,
uive to Oberwesel a more romantic character than ahiiosi
.iiiy oilier spot.
A little iicyond llbervvef el is the ruined ca.stlc of .Schnoii.
berg, ]ierelied on the snnimit of n hd\y and nieturesi|iK.
rock, oine the property of the liunily of that name, soik
of the desei'iidauts of whom aic still in lOngland, but wrlln
till ir name Sehoinherg.
Another ruined castle is now visible on a lofty peak
called Slahleck; and in tlsi; midst of the Rhine Btands llw
castle of I'I'alz, built on a reck.
Opposite to this insulated castle, which is still in gnu:
rep.'iir, and on the right bank, is the town of Kauh, im.
iiniii.itily under the ruined castle of (intenfels, sitnaini
on tlie peak of a lofty rock. Kauh is celebrated bv ti..
pas.sage of the armv ol' .Marshal Ulueher across the liliii.i
at this spot, oil the' 1st ol'.lanuary, If^ll. A little i rtlin
on, and on the lell bank, stands the old town of Ilaehaniili,
situated at the fiiot of one of the loftiest points of ilii.
range of mounlains, which is, nevertheless, eeive reel wiiii
liinsl trees to Ihi' very sunmiit. Above the town, and i ii
the side of the hill, is a ruined old cimrcli or eliapel, ili ill.
eated to a saint of the: iianie eit' Werner, built ot red saiii'.
stone, anil one ol'the finest specimens of llorid (o.tlii.
archili'etnre that we bad seen on the hanks of the Rliiii.'.
This cbapel was ek'dieated to the bov, whom we liii\i>
mciiti'ineii as being iimreli're'il by the .lews, and wlKif..
body 11. ..lied iiuiiiiivl the stream as tiir .is llaiharaeh ;— a
inirael. that was highly ileservingot' bving conimeiuoiiit
ed by a chapel.
Daeharacli is a piwr town, and in .i more ililnpidatril
state than .my we bail yet passed through. The iioii.-cs,
as usual, alnio-' meet each other at the top; the streets,
of course, are dark and dirty, and I'xtrcme povertv seeiii«
lo be the' hit ol' the majority ol'the inhabitants. Ibr,
indeed, the Kliilie is so elosi ly hemnw*! rii by sli'cp inniir;
tains, as to admit of no other prouuee tliali what the mil.
vards aft'ord, w hieh may, perhaps, account (iir the' RoiniOH
ii.iving eonsideri d llaeehus as the |iresiiliiig deitj of lli.'
place, ill fail, the principal part ol'the liioiiof the |h'o|i1i',
lliiiiiildi the whole of the long ravine from lloppiiil l.i
It.ieliaraeb, and as liir as llingin, must be broiighl ;..
Ilicji from 11 di.s|aiiee, as, from the seari-ity of land, win.'
anil liiiit are the only arlii'le« eiipable of being ciillivali .;
and how the vineyards wliiili we hero m'c can possil.K
pay llie labour of cnllivalion is ipiite a mystery. Tin i
is scarcely a patch of h ilf an acre in any one eontiniiMl
sp.'iee ; mostly, not li.ilf a rood. Every little shelliri.l
s;i..l, however small, that |iosses:.cs the least soil, — ivirv
litl'e iieviee helwiiu the nnkcd rocks, — is ehokeil ii|i
wilii vines; in many places the vine is phmled ill a Ira,-
kit, with adventilioiis soil, and sunk in the rockv fnii;
meiit-i by tlie side of the hill. The care and llie lalimir
bi slowed, thoiijj'li not toilsome, iit coiislaiit ; and the eli--
''ikaRto
•father
#ho b
%lph.
;*f I"'"
fen
«»e fea
tcturi
is w.
A TOUn THROUGH SOUTH HOLLAND.
Hf)
is nnutlier small town
ivliich is wen tlii' iJd
's called, Noukiitznid.
.•> castle saluted JS'a|io.
lis liorsc, and he gan.
1.
r that the rug-ged aiij
inniences, ot'wliich wf
ravine, the first ol'jcfi
engcr is a naked iii,is>
wliose strata apjjcar ii,
1, and llie jfreat hasullii-
(itiier in hideous discir.
rleyberjr, or re|icaliin;
which, in certain | osi.
loise four or five limes,
1 tlic turhiilent R'liiic
^' round ils base, have
lid, and in ten ditlViiiit
prince palatine, wliidi
' that he supposes nmj
This Ondine is said liv
and that she used to
n voice, and thus eon.
Ipool close to the rock,
in the lell bank, an old
eniarkably fine Giilhic
ho town is n cliapd,
uoks, was erected as a
ly named Werner, win
by the Jews, and mur-
said, — but the event I,
year 1^87.
lorty and ruffjed mniin.
d towers and crnmblinn
le th( remains of' ten dt
fr, and Ihc distant liiii
surface of the Khirn',
ic character than alniosi
ruined cnstlc of Selinni.
a hd'ty and picturcsfin-
iiily nf lliat name, smic
ill in Kiiftland, but \vrili>
visible on a lofty jnak
of the Uhine stands llin
', \\ liich is still in (j*"!"'
Jie town of Kaub, iiii-
of (iiilcidi'ls, silu:ilu!
d) is C( li'braled by II,.
lucher across the Kliim
l^^l 1. A little 1 rth.r
lid town ot'T{aeliar;i( li,
liil'tiest points of Ihi'
ri'tlicless, CdViTc (I wilii
bove Ihc town, iiiid mi
ehureli or chapel, di di.
Irner, built of red simi'.
liTii'iis of florid (iolliii
e baidis of the Khiui'.
biiv, whom we liinr
till Jews, an<l wliufi'
tiir as llacliaraeli ; — a
)f' Ix'iuiT commcmoral
n 1 more dilapidatwl
linuiixh. 'I'lii" houM's,
] the top; the stnils.
Ixtrcnie poverty scciii>
idiabitants. Ilcr.
ItH'd HI by strep Uldlln'
. fiuin H hat the mii'-
omit t<ir file lioniiiiH
Ircsiilinir deit\ of iIk
Ihe tiiod of the p( .i|ili',
i«
line from
III
iiist be I
iircitv of
ppi
iroui;
land,
Id
rd'l
lemir CUlflVall
cro
a mystery. I In ■■■
In any one contiiiiU'i
very Utile sheltin.i
U
IS pi
soil, CMTV
— is cIioIm d lip
limted in a lu-
the roekv I'm!;-
nil' and the lalmur
lislaiil ; and Ihe cli>'
ii»nci! is frequently several miles wliicli the poor cultivator
has to go from bis habitation to his vineyard,— wo should
tRtlier "say hers ; for they appear to be ehielly women,
who bear" but very little resemblance to those fair imd
.•ylpli-like damsels, with which painters arc in the liabit
«f peopliuiT their vineyards, wlieii assembled to jfather
'<he piirplo^uraiK;. A jacket and petticoat,— a dirty liand-
flwrcliief tied round the head,— the Icfrs and feet naked,-
•j(fce features dark, dull, and unmcaniiig,— furnish the ..ue
.aicliire of a female labourei- of a Ubeiiish vineyard ; and
ftis w;us so jrenerally the prevailing feature of the picture,
■in all places where the chief produce was wine, that wc
may, almost with certainty, come to the conclusion, that
tile culture of the vine is an indication of the poverty of
filo.se wlio pcriorm the manual labour, however profitable
It may Ix^ to the lar^e proprietor.
'i' From IJacliaraeh to niugcn, and from thence to Meniz,
•r .'\Iiyeiiee, the channid of the Rhine changes from the
j-iircction of north and south to that of east and west, in
JOOnseqiienee of which the vineyards are chiefly confined
ito the right bank facing the south ; and it is here that the
fi»ineyard"s of Asmansliausen, Khrenfels. Uiidesheim, Gei
^enlieiin, and .lohannisberg, occur in succession.
V, Between Asmansliausen and I'ihienfels, the steep sides
'«f the mountain, to the Height of at least a thousand feet,
.«re covered with vines, growing entirely on terraci^s, one
iSsiiig aliove another to the very summit, the caith on
Hfhieli is kept up by well built stone walls, of five to eight
Act in height ; yet many of these terraces are not twite
iJHie bicadtli of the height of the walls that support them,
early opposite Bingcn, and about t'hrcufcls, we counted
t less than tweiity-two of these terraces, rising one
love the other. It is remarkable enough that these fine
lis, lacing the south, are left naked, though they ap.
lar to be so admirably calculated for the vines to be led
;aiiist their sides, and thereby not only to yield a larger
'op of grapes, but to hasten their inatmity ; but this may,
rliaps, be the very reason why tlicy should not he so
Kjfnined, as the vintage would fall at iineqiii'l times; or,
j)fi the walls are purposely built loose and \v'itliout mor.
^r, that the water may the more readily lie drained otV,
iieli draining might probably injure thi^ vine if trained
•Against them ; or, which is still more probable, the lack
Wt soil would not admit of traiiiing the vines without in-
i^riug the slaiKurds in the terraces.
'^ In proceidiiig from Hacharach, we first meet with the
||)ld ruined e.astk; of Kursteiilmrg, then .'^oiinck, then
(JBaiizberg, and afVer that l''alkenlierg. This la.st was
Hinder repair, as we were told, for the residence of one of
4Ii<' young princes of Prussia, where his royal highness
((Rrill find liiinself perched aloft in the air, like an eagle on
(^is aerie. The castle literally occupies the whole suinmil
j*f the high pointed rock, uhicli it will require some iii-
jgennity to render accessible, even on fliot, as the rock is
JBrecipitous on every side. This extraordinary habitation
,|nav truly be said, like Mick Hotlom's tragedy, " to .stand
♦n the vi'iy pinnacle of its tiiimdafion."
{; On turning round to Hingerloek, as ii is called, where
jjlie Ulnae is more turbulent and more dangerous even
j|han at its nassage round the I.mleyberg, we pass the
real soiithern portal of the ravine, and behold at once
lie moiiiitains to diminish in height, and to recede to a
iderable distance from the river; and the little town
if Itiiigeii, placed oil an emineiiee amidst ai. iinmensi'
tent of vineyards, opens out, standing conspicuous in
le beaiitilid limdscape wliieli now presents itself Tl
.si moimtiiiii that closes this ravine is that of Itudeslieiii
itii its terraces of vineyards creeping U|) ils steep sides
■'ilnlie niiiiilier of eighteen or Iweiity ; the siimiiii' crowned
4^itli an old ruin, to which, as a matter of course, is at-
.clied a Iraddional legend, in whicli a dragon and u ' ir-
[in are the chief dramatis |Kirsonir.
The roinimtie portion of the Rhine is that between
ppart and Hingen, in which the several reaches of tin
er lonn a constant succession of lakes, aecompanii'il
the most enchanting and diversilieil scenery, encircled
itii a ciniii of the most pietmi'scpio luonntiiiis, some
otiii'd with wood, others naked, black, and frowning
ill] rurk-, rearing their piniiaeb d heails under every
iit.i^lii' shape, and scarcely distinguiuhalle from the
ined remains of fJirls and castles, wliieli are seen
owning till ir nigged summits, themselves "slin|M'd as
ley had turrets Imcu, in mockery of man's art ;" wliili
narrow spaces between llieii- fee* and the margin of
lakes are sinilimj with cultivation, and enliveneil
itii towns and villages in the midd of vineyards. Here,
short, is
" A lil"iiillii(((ii'a|| lienalli'"; sir.'aiiiN anil liills,
I'niil, tiilillL'li, ITHi:, Wni.ll. nini lirllU, MliMlltmllt, Vlll«,
Anff rlil#f1i>:4i (Hftlrn, tiifiittilns ^Inrn tsrinvfth
I'foiii gray bm fptfy wallf, whtre Kuin gr««ily dwefli."
On clearing the ravine, however, the scene was entirely
changed, and the eye had now full scope to range round
the whole of the southern, eastern, and western horizons.
The sun was just setting as wc left the dark and gloomy
gulf, and its western rays, falling on the Utile town ol
Hingi^n, and the vincclad side of the opposite mountain,
art'ordcd a contra.st eipially striking and agreeable. The
broad expansive lOiiiii; glistened in the sun beams, as its
ample volume flowed majestically towards ii.s, interrupted
only by the Maiis-thurm, or, as travellers interiiret it, the
tower of rats, which is built on a rock in the middle of
the river, and by dividing the current, adds to the velocity
and the noise of the Bingenlock, which is considered to
be dangerous to navigation.
The endless succession of ancient dilapidated caslles is
generally spoken of by travellers with a degree of rapture
in which some of us did not exactly partake. The cIit-
nal round tower, or stone cylinder, which always aecom-
panics, and is always lell standing amidst the castellated
ruins, and that alonu sometimes remaining, is the very
reverse of pieturesipie. There is besides a moral fleliiig
attached to them, that is apt to carry the recollection
back to those days of feudal tenure, wdien murder and
robbery were hardly considered as crimes; and when
many an unhappy victim lingered out a miserable ex-
istence in the cells and dungeons of these ancient ruins,
which still remain .as memorials of tlie villanous .scenes
that have been transacted within their waUs. A French
writer thinks otherwise; he tells us how delightful he
feels in transporting himself in imagination to those re
mote ages of ancient chivalry — those ages, as he calls
tliein, of valour and virtue — in imagining himself to be
surrounded by those prcux chvmlieis, the protectors of
weakness, the defenders of a sex which in those days
knew no other ornanient but delicacy and gentility. Per-
haps ho would have been nearer the truth it', iii.<tead of
preu.x chevaliers, he had painted these castles to his mind
as the retreats of bands of brigands. Lord llyron, we
suspect, has taken a juster view of them.
" I^enealli llinse IiatilenienlB. witliiii ttmse w alls
PoWiT l.will niiillsl 111- pa^siniis : iii preiui sUilo
K.-i< ll rnliher rliicriiplii'M Ins •iriiii'il hails,
lliiitil! Ills i-v it will, 111)1 le>.s elale
'i'lian miiltiliiT liemoB nl u loiini r liate."
As wc were here to quit the Rhine, a word or two may
be added on the general character of this interesfing
river. We frequently find the (-pitliet " inaLniilieeiit"
coupled with the Uliiue. To speak correctly, it is not
sidfieiently capacious to justify the application of that
term ; hut to the ey<! of the traveller it possesses charms,
abimilantly superior to those rivers that are so truly mag-
'nifieent, that one shore is frequently invisihle from the
other. The Rhine includes within its hanks sublimity
and beauty, sollin^ss and amenity. In gliding down the
stream the eye embraces all these at .i glance, .iiid riots in
endless variety. — tiie rugged and fantastic fiirnis displayed
by naked momitain tops, vying in pieturesque. wilh some
ancient and ruined castle-— the overhanging tiirest — the
sombre crag mingled with the verdiiiit vine — Ihe neatly
cultivated plain — the clustered town with its turreted
towers and spires — the sequeslered village, and the lonely
cottage — the beaiitil'ul island, and the I'oiistant succession
ol'iiew objects, and a new disposition of them, — these are
the fi-atiires ever varied that constitute the beauties, and
afford lii.it delight, w liieli travellers rarely fiiil to derive
from an excursion on or along the banks of the Rhine.
The town of lllngen is situated at the continence ot
the .Nalie wilii the lihiue, ami is ap|)roaclied lioin the
north by a stone bridge over the flirmer, said to have
heeii built, or its remaining piers at least built, in the
time of Unisus. The situation is beautiful, and lliere
was an appearance of industry and bu'-tle which we had
not witnessed since our departure from .\iiistcrdaiii.
.V miiuber of vessels were lying alongside the quay, and
in every street were coopers, house car|H'iiters, and
masons, working ut tliiir several trades ; the first pre-
paring their large pipes tor Ihe approaching vintage, and
till nlliers on new houses building, and ohl ones repair-
ing. Kxttnsive floats of timber were lying along the
quay and the shore, and about a dozen ol'those remarka-
bly long ami narrow vessels that navigate the Rhine
were at aneiior, having e.ieli a house on the deck, in
« liii h Uie owner or navigator wilh his whole family
dwells. Wii reinainrd fur the night at the hotel of the
White Home, a good comfortable hoii.se, with a little
garden by the river side, the people civil, ami the charges
ri inarkahly reasoiialde. 'I'heio is not much to be seen
in the town.
On file niorniuguf the 'Jdlh we proceeded on our route,
which mi liingtr nkirl.s thfi margin of Iho Rhine, bul
paniCH in a direct line inland, and up u genllf asconi
through the midst of highly cultivated vineyards, far
ditrereiit, in size and hixuriaiiee, fi'om tliosi! small
patches on the mountain slopes of the great ravine of the
Rhine.
Neider Engelheim was the favourite residence of
(-'Imrlemagne, where, it is said, he built a palace sur-
rounded oy a ])oitico of' a limidred columns, brought
from Rome and Rayemia. We observed some ruins,
hut they might linvo been a church, a easlk', or a [lalaee,
hut looked more like an old barn th.Mi any of flu'iii. tin
the highest point of this ekvated country, in a small
cojise on the right of the road, stands an obelisk, on the
front of which is this inscription —
" RiMitiMJe Cieviii.KMAONP. 'ri'ini ti'T on r.\n I.
(lu U'jjiie lit! \ai'iii,i:i>\. f^inj'Pinir t{ 's fr.inr: s,
sons Irs an^iilci-s ife .Mi'iiu'mir .li:.\s Hun s r.
A.NDUb', fri-'lei ilii Dei ar.e.m lit ila .M.inl 'funis r •.'*
On the other three sides are the names of I^ntrepre.
neurs, Ingcneiirs, \c. The proximity of IngeMieiiii
may have suggesled lo ,M. .Iian lion .'^t. .\iidiv the in.
troduetiou of' the name of t'hailcmiigne, where some
have siijiposed he was burn ; and i.t the same time the
implied compliiiieiit to Jlnnaparte, to v.linm and lo
.fillins Ca'sar this and others of his flatti rers pretended to
find in him a pariillrl. In restless ;;e(ivity, rapidity of
move", cut, and mireleiiting persecntien ot' those who
o[iposed him, Honaparte might certainly he compared
with Charlemagne. The enormities of the kilter, ho\^■-
ever, were the results f.f fan.ntiiisin ; those of the fiirmer,
sheer ])ride and ambit ion, of which, as Ityron says, he
was he i'liani|iion and the child, one
'■ Wliiisr i^riitir «"i= cm T.'s. n-iil \\li'isi' p'ak'.s wit" *l:r.ai s,
W'tiesL' talile. earlll — u liosu tlii:e u ere llumaii li Ilii."
MENTZ, OR MAYENCK.
Having passed the summit, we proceed by a geiitlo
desecnl, and a tulerably good road, plaiiled on both sides
with apple and other fruit trees, to .Mdilz, or Mayenco.
This city belongs to the territory of tin: IViiiec of Hesse
l>ariiisla(ll ; hut as the smalhn'ss of the coiitiiigent fur-
nished by this (iennaii l^riiiee to the eoutederaey would
not admit of his pi. icing a Miflieient garrison in this im-
portant place, it was settled at the ( 'niigre>s of Vienna
that it should have an .\ti-lrian and I'nissian poyermrr,
in alteruale years, and be garrisoned by .\nstrMii and
I'russian troops in ecpial numbers; lint such rapid changes
having been liiuiid ineoiivcnient, and the gnrrisou ccm-
posed of the two nrtions not agree ing well together, it
was afterwards seltli d that I'aeh governor should remain
three years. 'I'he nniiiher of tnops were at this tiiiie sn
considerable, that Ihe whole town wore a military ap-
pearance. In the streets lew persons were seen bnt
soldiers. 'J'he old palaces, hotels, and convents weru
converted info barracks, mid the finest houses in Iho
town oecupieil by the Aiislriiin and I'rnssiaii otUcers.
VV'ith all this, Alayenee ap|ie,ired to lie one of Iho
dullest towns, fir its size, that we have met with.
The entrance into the town is over draw-briilgrs, has-
lions, and all the v.-rious kinds of deliiiees, and '• itiiiii it
are barracks and guard-rooms in iilmost ivery sirirt.
The fine old got hie tower, and, indeed, Ihe whole of (hu
exterior of tlie cathedral, built ol'n d sandstone, w itii its
fret work and pinnacles, is a very strikingobject. The tower
was once siirinoimted wilh a spire of wood, eighty f'eit
above the present ernmbling sunimit, bill was Imrnt down
by lightning, ll is a reinarkahle t'aet. thai there isseatei ly
an old chiircdi along Ihe Rhine or ill tin' .Nellnrlands,
tliat in some part of i!.j hisloty, has not been eonriimcd
wholly or in part by lire.
'I'he interior corresponds in grandeur wilh the cxfn-
rior;hut when the French Jaeobiiis look pos--e'.sioii nf
it, as they did of all the eluirelies wherever Ihey went,
lo convert them into bnrraidis, hospitals, and magazines
for their armies, the Cathedral of .Mentz was most scan-
d'lously and wantonly abused. 'I'he heaulit'nl niarhlu
tombs wile mnlilaled, the pictures destroyed, the broii/c
and iron railings lorn up; the ci iling is blackened, oh.,
viously by fire, and I'ull of holes, as if i( had been pierced
by shot. The Swiss of the church, ill pointing out Ih j
various mischief eommilted by the rieneh, added, Ib.il
the people of Mentz woidd not he sorry to have them
again, as they s|ieiit n wagon load of money when there.
This was the only elmreli, however, we had yet seen
that had not undergoue repair, nnd been purified lioiu
the di'filement and misehlt t' done by these unholy mis
ereanls, nnd there appeared to he some feeble aitempt
making In put this also into somewhat better condition ;
bul whether at Ihe ex|H'nse of the clergy, Ihe inliahitant-,
or the Prim I' of Hease Darmstadt, we did not enquire.
In a small square on Ihe left of the grriil street, wdiicli
load* to the quay, ia a handsome fountain, reprrFcnIing
I i I
II
m
f
Cti
A TOUR TIIROUCn SOI/TII iroi.r.AM).
1 i»,
•:. J.-
::
P;:
*..
r *,.
■.I v/'.
. f^-;
tile Kliine, under tlic personification of a wdl executed
figure of an old niiin ; niul in this square is the public
library, and the niuseuni. 'I'lie Ibrmcr wc could not sec
as it was under repair, and the books were all displaced
nnd on tlio fioors of the rooms, but wc went through the
Bniall collection of pictures, which generally speaking
are not of the first class.
From M,iyi>nc(^ a noble liridgc of fifly-two pontoons or
boats crosses the Uhine to Cassel, a small fortificil town.
The Khinc is bore not less than from seven to right Inm-
drcd yards across, and widens out to more tli;in twice
tliiit broadlh a little higher up, where it receives the
waters of the Alnino.
Uelow the bridifc arc moored in the river sixteen or
eighteen water mills, wliieli were all busily employed in
grinding corn. 'I'his bridge, like those at ("oblenti and
Cologne, has its convex side opposed to the stream, and
like them also it furnishes a fine broad platlbnn as a
promenade lur the inliabitanls. There is, however, a
very pleasant mall at the w<'st eiiu of the town ptiiiileil
with trees, extending down the bank of the Kbine alwve
a niUe, wljich is l'rei|uentcd for its shade in the heat of tlie
day.
iViiic; so near, not more than from six to seven leagues,
to Fianekfort, we determined at once to proceed lo that
rily ; and at the request of our very decent and well be
haved driver, whom we brought from Cologne, we eon
tented to go a lilllc out of our way to the left of Cu.el,
to a villiige of V. !iiili he was n native, in order to eliaiige
om" tireil horse-. 'I'hese small animals arc capable of
performing an inerediblc quantity of work ; and all the
bait they get in the course of a day's journey is once,
nnd sometimes twice, a loaf of rye bread, which they
in. mediately devour with great eagerness, however tired
they may be, and when tliey would relUse eitlier hay or
oats.
Having p:is.-:ed the hill of Hockheiin and descended to
the level plain, we entered upon an open nnd well cuiti
vated eouutry, a great part of wIkwo snrfjice had been
covered witli w heat, now all rea|ped aiul carried ; a good
d.'.J of oats still rcMiaineil nncul, and whole tielils ot
poppy were under the sickle, from the prolific Ifeacls of
which they express an oil. lieet and maugt l-wur7.( I,
clover and potatoes, were in great abundance, anil large
p.aiebes of hemp and fi.ix intervened, but very l\'W tur-
nips. 'I'hcre w,is no appearance of meadow or grass
land, and it is not easy to con<eivi' from whence the
large towns on the Kliine, the populous villages in the
valley of the Maine, and the city of I'ranckl'nri, derive
th'.'ir sujiplies of bri'f, mutton, bulur, and milk. Yet
they have plenty of all, tliougl' we agreed lliat we had not
tasted either good Imller or good milk since wi left Hol-
land, nor had wc observed a sir.ji^lo cow all Iho way up
the liliine iioin Cologne to Alaycncc. The liw that are
kept nuift be cunfmed to the shed, and fare \eiy poorly.
We observed along the road side, and snbseiinentlyaleng
the whe.le of the .N'ellierlands, women with large knives,
bent lik(^ a reaping-hook, cutting the grass in tiie dilelie;
and on the haiik.s, and c^irrying it olf in sacks as food
for the cows : and in the ', ineyards of Hockheiin the)
were taking oil' the prurient shoots, and the su|HTabuii<l
ant leaves, of tin; vines, himling thcin in little bnndles,
and stieking lliem to dry on tlio tops of the stakes or
cspalieis lo which the vines are bound ; and this, we un-
derstood, was lueunt as winter food for thu cows.
FHA.NCKIOBT.
Franekfirt may ho called a city of palaces. The
houses of the merehants and the hotels are on a mngnifi-
ceiit seal'-. S imo that have been recently erected on a
terrace, along the bank of the ."Maine, are particularly
elegant, hut not on so large u scale as some of the old
liotels at which formerly the (jerman princes used to re.
Ride, and many of wliieli are still inhabited by the pleni.
potentiaries of the slates of (.iermany who attend
the diet. At the extremity of the terrace is tho new
pnblic library, u chaste and handsome building, with a
portico of the Corinthian order.
'I'he library uppi'ared to lie well arranged, and particu-
larly riili in ancient and modern history. It c<jntaiiied
a few Uonian and I'gyptian antiquities, nnd Home hiero-
glyphies of no great value. 'J'lie view, from this terrace,
of the river and its hanks, and tlie stone bridge of I'our-
leen arches, with the shipping lying below it, is lively
and animating. The great street called /til, in which
most of the hotels are situated, is, perhaps, one of the
finest in F.nrope. W'r put up at the Weidenbu h, kept
by Mr. .May, a civil, obliging, and intelligent nmn 'I'he
eating and the wines wero excellent, and the . large
rc»9oii.ible — three francs oaeh at tho table d'hote aj ' four
in private— and fo.iie twenty or thirty different ditliet
are generally served up. It was in vain Jicre, nnd /iced
every whcrc% when we wished to diny alone, tliat we
entreated to sit down to three or four dishes at most ;
there seemed to be a feeling that the house would think
itself disgraced if a complete dinner was not served up.
The dining room of this hotel appeared, by pacing, to be
one hundred feet by forty-five; and thc-number of l>cd
rooms in the house is nincty-one, most, if not all of them,
double bedded. Mr. May lias a cellar of wines, that few,
if any, of the London wine merchants would be able lo
purchase. The Swan, <lircctly opposite, is another hotel
apparently as large; but that of the Russians, tor spli-n-
dour and magnificence in tlic fitting up and furniture,
outdoes all the others.
In Franckfort every thing wears the appcnr ice of
case and pros|K'rity; and iiohc of its forty Ihuusand in-
habitants, that fell under our observation, wore the marks
of jioverty. The whole town is surrounded by the most
delightful walks, in the midst of groves of trees, shrubby
plants, and flowers, excepting the third side, which is
terminated by a terrace along the river : and all these
walks arc attended, morning and evening, by large
groups of well-dressed people of both sexes. The secu-
rity of this free town is no longer trusted to redoubts,
and r.amparts, and glacis; all of them beyond the ditch,
which might also be filled up and added to thein with
advantage, arc converted into extensive gardens, open to
all the world. I'ait of the walls and gates, however, are
still preserved. Its little territory does not exceed
twenty miles in its largest diameter. In this city, about
ten thousand Jews are ^aid lo bo locked up every
night in a particular quarlirof the town specially aji-
propriated to this persecuted race.
We all regretted the necessity of an immediate return
t'roiii a |ilae(^ that possessed so many sources of rational
aiiiu.-ieinent ; but we received here a piece of intelligence
that made it necessary wc should hasten our de|iarture.
Uy this we were prevented from visiting thi^ old Honi
eliuieh, and the several collections of pictures and marbles
in the hands of individual.s, and particularly the cele-
brated statue of the Ariadne, by Uanneker, which is
spoken of as rivalling any thing of a similar kind execu-
ted by Canova.
On returning to Mayence we took places in the steam
vessel, which was lo depart next iiiorniiig for Cologne,
where we arrived about five in the evening of the tijllow-
iiig day, having started at six in the morning. In de-
scending the kliine wo were detained one hour at
Coblentz, to have the baggage examineil, .vhich was done
by the Prussian don:uiiers in the most g 'ntlcmanly man-
ner iKissible, without the sniallest expeclaiion of receiving
iiuy tiling, which, indeed, we were told, if oUcrcd, they
would indignantly reject.
Nolliing can be more delightful, in fine weather, than
this pa.ssagc down the grandest and most romantic part
of till! Khinc; and one only regrets the great speed at
which thii steamer descends, which, in the present ease,
could not be less than ten miles an hour. Hence we
perceive, in quick succession, the evcr-vaiying features
of the romantic and picturesque mountains, at one time
appearing with naked and pinnacled summits, under
every liiiitastic shajK', at anotlier clothed with orchards,
vineyards, i»nd Ibrcsts, and every now and then sur-
mounted by an ancient castle or convent in ruins, 'i'his
great variety of objects keeps the eye and the imagina-
tion roiilinu.Uly on the stretch, while the margins of the
smooth and silvery lihine, forming a chain of lakes,
exhibit to the view cities, towns, and villages, inter-
spersed with the varied scenery of com. fields, groves,
and orchards, and render it impos&iblu tu quit the deck
for a moment.
In ascending the Hhine by land, along the fine road
that skirts its left bank, the traveller has the opportunity
of visiting these towns, nnd entering into all the detail
of enquiry that leisure will allow ; but from the high and
overhanging mountains, under which he is conveyed, he
is unable to comprehend within one grasp the whole of
the scenery around him; whereas, in gliding down the
middle of the river, every obji;:t on both sides is fully
brought within the scoih; of simultaneous vision. It is,
Ihcri'fore, the best plan for those who may visit this de-
lightful eonntry, to take the line which we did; that is
to say, to ascend by land and descend by water.
Having hired a ealeche att'ologne as far as Aix-ln-
(^Impelle lor sixty francs, we left this at eleven o'clock
in the morning of the'JHd; nnd nt six in the evening
arrived nt .lidiers, a small, I'lean, fortifiei' town, garrisoned
by about six hundred veteran soldiers of I'rnssia. Here
wo dined nnd slept nt the I'rince Kugene, where wc hnd
oxcellrnt fare, good bods, and the charge very reasonable.
The road was un ill-paved •-ay in tho middle, for a
considerable part of tlie way, nnd deep sand in ollie,
parts.
The next morning we left Julicrs nnd arrived nt Aii.
Ia-(^hnpelle in four hours ; the road still pretty much ||,,
same, nnd the lace of the country flat, cold, and uniiiii.
resting. A few patches of wood appeared here nnd IIkk,
but generally the cullurc of grain jirevailed, chiefly oai,.
among which wns interspersed a good deal of grrpt
crops, such ns clover, mnngel-wnrzcl, potntoes, and a I'pv
patches of turiui)S. Uuck-whent and jKippy were alto
common.
CHAl'TKR IX.
AIX-I.A-CnArELI.C.
This ancient town is situated in a valley nearly sur,
rounded by hills, the most prominent of which in LouLi
berg on the north, and Salvatcrsbcrg in the same dircclicr
nearly, the latter of which is crowned with an aiuiin;
church. The pretty village of Horcctte and its woodit
hills arc to the south. These northern elevations ,it>
composed of friable sand.stonc nnd loose snnd, anion;
which are found dilVerent shells and the remains of tin
ral species of marine productions. It is probable tliji
(roin these hills proceed those numerous springs of warii
water for which Aix-la-Chapelle was once particular!,
celebrated, nnd I'rom which it derives its tiermanic name
Aachen, the City of Waters, the Civilaa ^Iquetisia oUk
Konians. The "Chapelle" was added to the name by tin
F'rench from llii: church or chapelle built, or suppo.scc
lo have been biiill, by ('harlemagnc, and jicrhaps also if
distinguish it from Aix in rrovence and Aix in Savoy.
'I'he old walls of the city enclose a very consideraW
extent of ground, which is not built u|)on, but laid mi;
in gardens anil walks. On the outside of the walls, tl»
old ditches have been filled up and converted into walfc
and shrubberies, for the use of the inhabitants ; a pr.ir
lice which of late years has become common in maiiyc:
the Cermanic ami Belgic cities, and u very coinmeiiili
ble one, which may be the means of saving them frtj!;
the horrors of a siege in any future wars. The boiilc.
vnrds within the walls, which surround the town, liaii
undergone the same conversion, and att'ord a pleasai:
walk. lUit the principal promenade appears to 1k' that I
the Louisberg, the slope of which descends to the vrrv
walls of the town, and a convenient carriage road,as wti
as a haiidsome foolwalk, leads up to the snrnniil; aiK
here there is exhibited a most magnificent view rouiic
the whole horizon. On the highest point stands an nbc
lisk, which is said to have been originally erected by llii
French, with an inscription in |)rnise of Napoleon, wl«
was never in want of fiatterers ; but which the Prussian*
at the conclu.^ion of the war, threw down. The kiii;r «
Prussia, however, ordered it to be re-erectcd, frennomk.
as one of those gentlemen who write "Ciuides" tills in
on the part of his majesty ; but to cause the original in
pcription to be erased, nnd another substituted to recor.
the rapid downiiill of that extraordinary person, was iir;
so very ^('HcioM*. We could find nothing however oflla
kind. 'I'he column, from the fractures and fissures n
the stones, bore evident marks of having been thrmvi
down nnd set up again, but the only inscription wliicn
appeared on one of its faces consists of Iho latituJii
and longitudes of certain places nt which the rrcncli
had their stations, in carrying on tho suivey of llii
country. '
'I'he streets of the old part of the town arc very lur
row, and the houses high, as is usual in must Ucriim
towns; and the architect iiro full of picturesqno puiiili
nnd projections, and singularly iiilcresling to Iho paiiilei
and the antiquarian. It would be endless to allein|iti
iiiinuto description of the various churches, coiivciili.
and other buildings of a public nature that meet llu
eye in strolling through tho utrcets, but there arc tin
edifices on which no traveller should omit bestowin(
his allenlion. The one is Iho Hotel do Ville, tho iilliK
the old cathedral or Dom church. The old Hulcl dc Villt
is in the market place, conspicuous enough by its l»o
lowers, one of which, or at least the lower part of it, ii
evidently, and is i>o recorded, of Roman structure.
In the ecnirc of Iho innrkot place, nnd before llii
town hall, is a splendid fountain : the water is reirivN
into a inagnificent vaso of broii7.c, about twice tho ilis
meter, so at least wc supposed it lo bo, of that wliieli ii
pUcod in Iho conservatory of Warwick castle ; IVom
this it is poured Ibroiigh tho inoullis of tivo dolphin!.
swimming in an inferior basin of stone, enclosed witliii
an iron rniling, bul nccossibln on two sides to tho |iiiV
lie. The bronze vaso, finely sculptured, is supporloiU«
a padcstal t\iw% out of this basin, and from the ccnU!
A TOUK Tnnorcii boi'tii hollax d.
n?
By, and ('icp sand in othe,
[ JulicrB and arrived at Aii
he road still pretty much ik,
siintry flat, cold, and lining
'ood appeared here and thrr(,
grain prevailed, chiefly <a\i.
ersed a pood deal of grifn
el.wurzel, potatoes, and n IW
wheat and lK)])py were alt;
I'EU IX.
riurELi.E.
nated in a valley nearly sur
prominent of which in Lduis.
tcrsberf; in the same direilior
is crowned witli an aiuiin',
e of Uorcette anil its wodild:
licso northern elevations ap
lone and loose sand, anion;
hells and the remains of scvr.
uetions. It is probable lliji
)se nuiiicroua springs of nana
apillc was once particular!;,
it derives itstiennanie n.ini>
', the C'(ii/«» .']ijuetiaia of II,!
nas added to the name by tin
ir chapelle built, or sujjposct
Icmagne, r.nd [Perhaps alsok
rrovence and Aix in Savoy,
ly enclose; a very consideralji
1 not built u|)oii, but laid nii:
I tlic outside of the walls, tb
up and converted into walk^
e of the inhabitants ; a prir
s become coruiuon in maiiyo:
eilies, and a very eoninuiid!
? means of saving them froic
my future war». The \mi\t-
licli surroiuid the town, lia\.
■ersion, and att'ord a pleasai,'
omenade appears to Ik' thai t
I' which descends to the vor,
nvenient carriage road,as \«i
ids up to the sun^niit; aiic
iiost niagnilicent view riiuiii
igliesl point stands an dhf
been originally erected by III.
in praise of Napoleon, «k
■ers ; but which the Prussian",
threw down. The kinjro:
t Id be re.ereeted, ^f Hf niH»/i
vlio write "Ciuides" tells ii-
but to cause the original in
lullicr substituted to rccop.
xtraordinary person, was m;
1 find nothing however oflbi
,lio fractures and fissures ri
arks of having been thrmvn
t the only inscription wliici
;cs consists of iho latitntlii
ilaees at which the Frencli
ing on tho suivey of ill
rt of tho town arc very n,ir
_ is usual in most Genim
ro full of picturesque poinl,
ly iulcresling to tho piiinlc
juld be ciidlets to atleiii|ili
various churehos, convciili.
ililic nature that meet ll«
streets, but there arc im
Her Klionld omit bestowip;
ho Hotel do Ville, tho oIIik
irch. The old Hotel do V*
picuous enough by its Its
least the lower part ofit.ii
, of Homan structure,
kot place, and before llii
.tain ; the water is rccoiieii
ron/.e, about twice tho dii
|ed it to bo, of th,it whitliii
of Warwick castle ; l'ro»i
ho inoullia of two dolphin!
lin of stone, enclosed willim
In on two sides to the \mi-
[sculptured, is supportoJ™
busin, and from the ccnlr;
rf the vase is another pedestal surmounted by a bronze
■tatc of Charlemagne about six feel high, holding in one
hand a sceptre, and in the other tho imperial globo eur-
mounted by a cross. At a little distance, on each side
of the founloin, is a largo bronze eagle, mounted on a
IMrblo pedestal. This fountain, which has been rare-
Allly kept in repair from time to time, was erected in
1S5.3, at the same time thot tho Hotel de Ville was
Baished, and under the auspices of the same burgonias
tar, (^harus.
In the town hall of this ancient city, two ecreral trc.-i-
tlM of |>e,ico were signed, that of IGfiS, and that of 17'I8;
■ad in the ancient chapel of Charlemagne, tho ceremony
of coronation of many emperors has been held. This old
cathedral or Dom ehureli had the honour, for so it was
eoosidered, of receiving a visit from Napoleon and .lo-
Mpliine; and after their fall in 1818, a congress of sove-
rttgns wos held in Aix-la-Chaiielle, at which, among
other ini|)orlant matters, it was determined to withdraw
the allied armies from the occupation of France. On
this occasion the late Sir Thomas ti.-iwreiicn was com
missioned by his late majesty fieorgo IV. to |>aiiit the
portraits of the sovereigns of Kurn|)0, and nihrr distin-
jfolshcd personages there assembled. He liiid a room
•Dotted to him lor this purpose in the town li ill, which
i» carefully pointed out to strangers, an,l considered as
• great honour that was done 'o tliii town.
Tho Dom church or cathedral, or, at ' the central
ptrt of it, was built by Cliarlemagiie, llio direc.
lion of Kginliard, his biographer, in ir of Notre
Dkmc. There is a legend coiicerniiiL . .Icdication by
Fkpe IjCO in., in 804, tho truth of vliiili in those days
Ms not called in question, though we of later limes may
b*dis|H)sed to feel incrednlou). It is merely this, that
tMrce hundred and sixty-five bishops, one for every day
Irt the year, were summoned to assist at tho con.^ecra-
tion', but as two were wanting to complete that number,
their places were supplied by two other.*, who had the
enn; laisauce to leave their tombs on so solemn an occa-
^Mi, and relumed to their earthly abode ns soon as the
<i:emony had been duly pertbrmed.
^'■''I'lio ancient part of this remarkable church is of an
oetagonal form, surmounted by a cupola. Two eorri-
A>rs, of a more modern date, one above tho other, of the
width of about thirty feet, open by n succession of aiches
iato this oclagori, which they surround, with the excep-
tipn of one side, opening into the mote modern choir,
HAiich is of tho form of a quadrangle. From the corri-
•Mrs, particularly the upper one, or gallery, issue as
ny chapels as there are arches, each arch being op-
lilo its chapel. These chapels, however, arc still
,. ire modern, having at diflcrent times been added by
flHcrent persons. The vaulted ccilingsof (he upper cor-
ipor are decorated with paintings of scriptural subjects
m an Italian of the name of Bernardino, of clear and
iRsli colouting, and by no means ill executed.
-'In each arcade of the gallery, and between the nia.ssy
alars that divide them, arc said to have been placed
ir beautiful and highly imliehod column's of granite
■Ad iwrphyry, which, among other robberies of the
«4nrclies by tho French, were torn away and sent to
Mris; and four only of these have been returned.
In the seventh arcade of tho upper corridor is placed
organ ; and that opposite to it is occupied by the
ir of Charlemagne, which, being undoubtedly genu.
, is an interesting relic of antiquity, and of course
Illy valued, as it deserves to bo, by the inhahitanls of
t. It consists of four slabs of while marble, rudely
SBtcned together by iron clamps, and is ascended by
ilireral steps of tho same material. Indeed there can
no question as to its identity with the real thron^ on
lich this monarch sat.
lie tomb of Charlemagne, which is immediately uii-
tlie centre of the dome of tho octagon, was opened
he presence of tho Einpoior Ollio III. Tho body,
lered with the insignia of tho empire, and decorated
Bh the imperial jewels, was (iiund seated on the chair
'qni'slimi, and placed on his knees was an illuminated
ly of the IJnspcIs, which is said still to exist. Otho
riod away the insignia, which were afterwards used
the coronation of the oin|>crorN of Germany ; and hav.
^ sutinfiod his curiosity and his avarice at the same
0, closed up the tomb. After this, in the year llfiS,
idcrio Uaibarossa I. caused the tomb again to bo
ined, in presence of the bishops of I.icge and Cologne,
had tho body removed and placed in a nnignificoiit
fcopliagus, on the cover of which was engraven the
ipc of rrosorpiiie, and which is also said still to exist ;
' ov.t enquiries did not tend to confirm tho report,
''ho .Swiss of tho church, a shrewd and intollijent
man, informed us, that when Bonaparte remained a short
time at Aix-la-C:iiupello, he, with Josephine, paid a visit
lo the cathedral, attended by the bishop, who, on open-
ing the wooden case that contains the chair of ('liarle-
magne, invited Napoleon to seat himself on the chair
of the man whom he wished the world to suppose he
resembled — but Napoleon turned away. Whether it
was a feeling of pride that told him he was superior to
such a barbarian, and wished to show the by-standers
that ho did not consider it any honour to Ih) thus asso-
ciated with him, or whether he was apprehensive that
the bishop might take the advanlage while in it to press
for some privilege, which, when so sealed, he could not
well refuse, were points that had not been settled by
the good people of Aachen; but the hitler was probably
tho real cause of his refusal, from the following circum-
stance, for the truth of which tho same Swiss who at-
tended us vouched of his own |>ersonaI knowledge. He
said that the good bishop, having failed with Napoleon,
next invited Josephine to ascend the steps, which she,
with her usual good nature, immediately condescended
to do; and having seated herself on the thrmc of
Charlemagne, tho cunning prelate took the oppoiliinity
of preferring a request, which lie hopdl she woild con-
iloscend to grant. It was a petition, ready I'rawn up,
that she would use her good ofKces with Nn|.<.ih'on to
present the church with a new organ, to replace the one
which tho French soldiers had destroyed when they
made >i barrack of tho church. She did not hesitate a
moment in asking and obtaining tho boon ; and tho or-
gan now in use is, therefore, and very properly, con-
sidered as a present of Jo.scphino.
When Frederic caused tho lomb of Charlemagne to
be opened, ho presented to the cathedral a magnificent
chandelier of bronze gilt, about tliirlcen feet in diame-
ter, which is still suspended over the large blue slab
which covers the vault where the remains of Charle-
magne arc supposed to rest, and on which is engraved
this simple inscription : —
Carolo Magna.
This stone is modern. The tomb of black marble which
occupied its place was torn away by the Fronch sol-
diers, and destroyed.
The choir, which communicates with the octagon by
one of the lower arcades, is surrounded by windows o(
lofly dimensions. The ceiling is said to lie one hundred
and twenty-four feet high. Its walls arc decorated with
eight pictures on scriptural subjects, by Bernardino,
andal.soby several pieces of Goliclin tapestry, the largest
of which IS uncoiiinionly fine ; the figures bold and spl-
litcd, tho colours fresh and brilliant, and the tunc of
colouring equal to that of a picture of Rubens; the sub-
ject is the destruction of Pharaoh and his host in the
Rod Sea. These Gobelins are hold in such high estima-
tion, and preserved with so much care, that they are
only exhibited on eoch side of the high altar on festival
days ; but the Swiss produced tlioni tor our inspection.
In the choir, and facing the altar, is a well executed
bronze eagle, mounted on a |>odestal, which was given
to the church by the Em|ieror Otho III., whoso bones
are preserved in a sarcophagus of white marble, imme-
diately under the high altar. Above this the statue of
the Virgin Mary is placed, who wears a crown of silver
gilt, which, it is said, was picsentcd, as a sacred gift,
by her unfortunate namesake of Scotland.
The paintings in the several chapels of tho cathedral
are not such generally us to doservo much nolicu; but
in that of St. Michael there is a small collection that
well demands the attention of those who visit this
church: and what stranger, it may bu asked, will fail
to do so V
Having gone round i*u various chapels, and enquired
of the Swiss if there was any thing nmre to bo scin, he
replied that if wo had any tasto for rc/ir» he would do-
sire a priest lo show us a very large and splendid col-
lection of these interesting objects; but our tasto did not
lead us that way. On asking him, however, what sort
of relics ho spoke of, he said they possessed among other
things the real swaddling clothesof Jesus, agown of the
Virgin Mary, some hair of her eyebrows, tlio shoes or
sandals of Joseph, with which ho walked all the way
into Kgypt, and a thousand other little curiosities, which
were only exhibited to tho people once in seven yeais.
As none of us had any groat relish for these, wo declined
the attendance of a priest.
In the church of St. Peter wo saw a relic 'if another
description, — tho complete body or skeleton rf a certain
Fiorina, a stint of course, wrapped up in -ilk clothes,
and placed at Aill length in a glass caEC. The head only
was visible, and it wa« a mere skeleton ; the tcutli were
quite perfect. — If Ihc French had carried ofl' these relics
and lefV the pictures, the people of Aix wniild not have
had much occasion to complain or lamei>' i ■ ir i' is. Tho
priests, however, had a higher notion '<i '!i •' .»!'"e, and
hurried them away into the interinr ;' Gormr.w , lost
they should be dep ed for ever i(' "/iicli valuable trea-
sures. Tho EmperOi of (icrmai , il is preUnded, tuok
tithe for their safe keeping, anil ulainod among other
things the sword of Cliarleiiiagne.
There arc several churches in Aix-la-Chapello be-
sides the cathedral, that, from their antiquity and various
ornamcnls, deserve to be visited, particularly that of St.
Nicholas, which is a spacimis and beaulilul church.
AixluChapello appears lo bo a very dull Inwn. Tlis
baths once so celebrated are iieaily deserted. Spa, and
Iho neiglibouiiiig village of Bircelle, having drawn
away the company, llicugh they loo, it is said, liavs
given way, of late years, to Wishaden and other baths
off!erniany. Il e;tii bMa^t but of liltle tr:i(le and few
iiiaiiufactuies; the chief of which are woullnii cinlhs,
1 ijis and needles — the kilter article, when undo up into
piich-jty, are marked as WhileiHiapi I needles. 'I'lie in-
li.ibitiuils are neither Diitcli, Brabanler', nor Germans,
but i mixture ot'all three, ami speak a l.inguago which
partakes of all and belongs to none. Tlicy linvo Iho
clvr.iclcr of being uncivil lo stranger.';, but in our rhoit
intercourso we certainly did not find them to be so.
CHAPTKll X.
Leaving Aix-la.CliaptUe on the morning of thoiSlh,
it look us eight hours to reach I, lege. Tiie road was
still paved, but kept in simiewhat betler order than wo
had Ibund il on the other side of Aix. .Several tough
hills, however, contributed lo make llie journey tedious,
though we were amply recompensed by viewing at mora
leisure tho diversified face of the country, broken as it
was into hill and dale, with now and llieii a rich end
well wooded valley, whoso verdant meadows, enclosed
with hedges, were enlivened with numerous herds of
beautiful cattle.
At the distance of twelve miles from Aix-la "^hapello
we came lo a small town or rather v ; -ge eiM,. ■ Ilenri-
la-Cliajiclle, the approach lo which 'ii, the uiiimll of a
hill is annouiired by a Dutch custom house, this being
tho frontier station between the Prussian and the Nu-
llicrlands territory. Here our passport was visccil, and
we were asked if wo had any merchandise or other arti-
elcs that required to be declared ? On answering in
Iho negatit'o, wc were perniiltcd tu pass on without any
examination of our baggage.
From a steep hill tho road winds down into the valley
or plain on which Liege stands. This city is situated
at llie junction of the Ourt with the Meusc, where their
united streams form a fine broad river, which flows
through the heart of Iho town, and is rrorscd by a hand-
some stone bridge, of six circular arches, three of tliom
being of very considerable elevation. A eorivenioni quay
for commercial purjioses extends tho whole length of
tho town, both above and below tho bridge ; and symp-
toms of a considerable traflic were apporent.from tho de.
greo of bustle on the quay in the shipping and landing
of goods.
In tho lower part of the town Iho streets as usual are
narrow and the houses lofty, not much unlike some of
tho gloomy streets of Paris. 'I'hoao of Ihe upper part,
on the sideof tl.c hill, are also iiiirrow and inconveniently
sleep, being asccmled in many places by flights of steps.
There are two tolerably spacious squares, in one of
which stands tho town hall, and in the other tho thea-
tre. The laller is a handsome modern building, sur-
rounded by an arcade; the former is an imposing old
edifice, though somewhat heavy.
liiege has long been tho principal plnee ir the Nether-
lands tot the smelting of iron and for the ..irious manu-
factures of that and other metals, which, of lalo years,
have been greatly extended. The hills which encloso
the valley of tho Mouse abound in coal, limestone, and
iron, and capital only is winling to carry on the works
to a very great extent.
An Englishman of the name of Cockerell has establish-
ed inanulactor^os of several kindv, more particularly for
tho smelting and working of iron ; and in some of them
cannon is cast of the largest calibre, and steam enginea
of the highest power, and various other kinds of ma-
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33 WIST MAIN STMIT
WIMTIR.N.Y. I4SI0
(714) •73-4S03
t
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tta
A Toi n TtiRcron hoitii iiulland.
;..':l
i >■
V
s;
cliiiicry, nrc licru nxrciitcil. The grc^l hroiizo lioiith:it
nuriMnuiits tlio rnnical iiioniid of carlli, roceiilly raised
on I lie plain of W.itPilnn, wan cast by dickiTcll.
CDrnrniTrc iiml niiinul'ictuics rarely fail to draw in
tlii'ir train llic means nf |iri)inolin)rtlie scirnprs and lilic-
rnl nrl.". Kin^r Willin' i, in liis almiidant kinilniss ti) his
new «nlijc lis, has (■■.l.ililij-liiil at fiiei^e a royal university
liir sliidi Ills in llirnlfijjy, law, and |iliysir, wliicli tlio ad-
V iiK iiiii prosperity of tlie place now nnde it iieeessary
to l«^ enl.irdiil, fir llie lietler aceoniniixlation of tlie iii-
(T'lsiiig nunihcr of students; and there has also been
recently adiUd to it a liolnnieal garden. Societies have
iilso been formed liir the i iieonrnL'ement of the arts and
BPiences, Inlles lellres and <;i'neral Uteratnri\ In short,
every thin); in and about the town api>cared to us to be
in a profrressive j^tate of iniproveinent.
We left I,ie)r,. on the morning of the 2Gth, along a
smooth and level mountain road, sometimes runninff
cio>^o under a rocky hill, and einally rloso to the inari;in
of the river, and soinelimes Invinir a fine eullivated plain
between us and llie river. The hills on both sides were
finely diversilled with wood, and iiilers|K.r!>id masses of
rock, ijivin;; ii picturesque ap|Marance to the semery.
N<'W buildings, with tall ebinmeys, sending out volumes
M" smoke, were seen in every direction, and niinoimecd
fhe very common and extensive application of steam in
Ihcir ceveral maiml'actories ; and nuiiieroils rail roads,
from the hills to Ilic! river side, and heaps of roal rub-
bi«li and vlag-, were (he ci rtaiii indiiatinns of active in-
du'lry and a iiiiniifaelurinjj impulation.
'J'he enleri»risin(r fuckerell has turned the nnrient
Chateau dc Sereiyn, oiiee the Ar<hiepiscopal palace of
I, lege, into an ir n limiidry, whore, it was said, upwards
ot'twiitliousiind \'iirkiiieii were employed, and iron goods
inaniif!''iireil, fn n the liirgesi sleain engine to a pin
knife. !!■ re, too, lie- gooil king William liad eontribut
fii a e.in-iil-iab!e < ipil.il for tlie cieoiiragi'ineiil of his
Il( Igie siilijeets, by liiiiig (hem an opportunity of mak-
ing themselves ac^oainleil with every branch of (he art."
A nunnery hail .Iso been eonverteci into a pnper mill,
conslriieted on .he principle of those invented some (iiiie
Finee ill I'Vani , and now u-ed in Scotland, by which
s!iee(s of pip. r „ milt. Imi,;, if the rollers can be mule
hrge eii.iii!;!i lo red ive (hem, are eap.-.ble nf bi ing m i-
iml'iiiurid i I nne eonlimiid piece. Coekereirs father is
naid to hav 'ueii a cotton spinner in Manchister; one
of those hoir spirits who, if it was not liiiiiself, was one
of the Slime kidney, thai made a boast tlial he vvonld
ronslruet a loaeliine, into nne end of which a piece of
coiton wool ii'serted slinuld eoiiie out at the other end a
riillled shirt; 'o wliieh another observed, tli.it this shirt,
put into one end of a inaehine of his contrivance, should
come out a printed llible at the other. Uidieuloiis as
these bi.islings may iippear, such a process would not U-
liiucli more wonderl'ii! (Ii;iii that extraordimry piece of
lunehanism, eons(riic(eil by Habliagc, which lio( only
cilcniates |.v,'arithms, but arr:inges (lie tyjH's in the
frame ready ('or prindng, wi(hoii( the |K>ssibility of an
error.' Such are the evtrnordiiriry results of the
" mirrji of indlleel," which dm s iin( by any incanii a|i-
pcar (o have vet ulacKeiied i(p pace; nor will anyone
venture to ,nedict when it will riid.
III'V
'I'lir u.sual iiidicution" of nunufactiirinij indiutry aiul_
nciivily (oiitinued iininierrnptcilly .is far nn (he town of
liny, at whiih place a ftone biidge of Kcven arches
croises the Meii-i . We (oiiiid lint lillle here deserving
of attention, but were ainii.<i il with a pleasing •it of
c.irillon«, which pliyeil sweetly luul correctly the lluiits-
inaii's I liorUH in rrey-i hiilA.
Sine miles beyond lluy is the town of Salnyen ; and
here the valley of the .Mi use biconii « utill more loiiian-
lic and piclure^ipic than farther down.
castl's and batteries, nnU round towers, that, xeen even
at tlii.s distance, satisfy the spectator as to their vast di-
mensions. <.)n a nearer approa(-h to the town, these for.
midable I'orlificatioiis urc the first objects tliut arrest the
'■i'\ . ....
The entranee into Nainur, from this side. Is througli
an avenue of trees, and over a bridge of blue stone ol
nine arches.
We had often occasion to admire the vast superiority,
in discipline and appt'aranee, of the Prussian soldiers
over those of tlie king of the Nelherlandx. Among the
former urc scarcely ever observed, in ii whole regiment,
a man hIkivc thirty years of age ; they are all stout,
handsoine, well. made young men, generally between the
ages of twenty and thirty, well clothed and well trained.
It was ipiitc beautiful to see them on the parade
going through the several inoveinents; and it was ini-
|iossibIc not to Ik.' struck with their lirmand upright car-
riage, and with the |K'rfcct neeiiraey with whieli they
|Krfornied a simultaiieous nioveinent. The Dutch triKips,
111 the contrary, exliibibd a very remarkable eonlrast.
riicir elolhing was generally put on in so shivenly a
iianner, as evidently not made (o lit the wearer ; their ex
ereise was gone through in a careless and indilVerenI style;
there was no (irmncss of s(ep, and in marching it was
laughable to see llieni frcipicntly kicking each odier's
hells. They were, however, ns well as the I'mssians
mostly young men, and being natives of the same eoiiii-
try, it is obviously tlio fault of their olTieers tliat they
arc so badly drilled
enemy, wuuld ap|Knr to Ik; aptly enough uppropriiitoil,
as being at once a memorial, n trophy, and a tomb. Tlie
mound is intended to be placed on the spot where |||<.
I'riiiee of t)raiigc received his wound. We first oliFrrr.
ed this Conical mount frmn the lieightH of Quatre Uru,
from whence it appeared in the horizon just like onu of
the pyramids of lOgypt,
There have been so many plans and descriptions o(
the battle and of the neighbouring country, that it uoiijij
be a waste of time and paper lo re|Ha( (heiii. At tiir
foot of the mound may lu; had plans of all sizes, IhiIIi m'
tlio country and the battle, |niii(s of the moniimente that
have been rectcd within a ml without Uie eliureb, ami
every (Ki.ssible informalion (hat a visiter could wish fur
and if these should not lie coiisider..:d sutlieient, tlirri:
are a dozen or two of clever and intelligent yniing I'tj.
lows, who have found it worth their whiU' to loiter almul
the ground in the expectation of visiters, and w ho liin,.
made themselves aopiainted with the details of the hai.
tic, s|H:aking Kiiglish with tolerable eorrccliiess mA
tlueney. In fuel we were ipiite unprepared for tliimn
h.eipieys, the number of huts, sheds, and cottages, ,iiii|
till! [Mipulation which we met with on the plain ol' \\ ati r.
loo. JCveii on the summit of tlio mound, which is uIhiui
one hundred and tidy feet high, and ascended by two
hundred and thirty-two rude steps of wiKid, placed by in
indiviihial np one of its sides, we liiundtwowoiiiciiotUr-
ing for sole cakes and wine, gin, aiid all manner of coi-
dials.
The village of Waterloo is in the rear of tlio field of
Like the streets of most of the Belgic towns, the. e of battle, and close to the forest of Soigny, wliicli we piuv
ed through in the evening, over an indirtcrcnt kind m'
paved causeway. The trees are prjicipally of iM-irh,
and some of them very fine, but the wood is fit for lu-
(iiiiig but firewood, and is nsiil solely for that pur|K>i>i'.
The trees are so close logether as to exclude every my
of the sun, and to imiMile the action of the atinospheri' :
and the consequenee is that, w hen a log of Isccli wmjil
is broiiglit out of the forest into the open air, it rivc
iiiid splits in a most c.xtraordina'ry manner. Thi.s, inilin!,
is the ea.se with mos( odnr woods, and i( explains why
liedge oaks, m trees that have grown singly and liein
(horonghly cvposed to the air, are less liable to split, and
till lefoie priiirable in sliip.buildiii|; to thusu which hate
grown in a wood.
Il . etly on a lino with lli« river, w« siiiVlcnlv nprii
out, but at a consideriililc distance, the city of ,\ainiir
with its iloinus, uiid Its turrets and spires, all of them
ovrrtuppiMl liy a lolty mum of rock, ■uriiiountcd with
* U n ni l)i<* levntiilliin of l^itl thii klni « nniMf bi'tns rnimeri
111 will) ii.e 111 .Miiliu ini), II n A* I n<i> ninikt il oiil up iiii nlijirt liir
i|r-iriifi|.'n —F't
• H^'i' HrrwsliT » !«i»nrni oii NtliirnI Msnir, rrpiililltlii*il .n Niw
Vi rk. lor nil III niieil itf ihU wnnili'itiil iim'I'Iiiiiiii nl tuiiiniftiiri'
AIho n.lliliH :'. N nu 11 nrrniinl In liitt lH.nk Mil Itie r''~..n"iiiv I't .Ms
niiflsrnir.*", rf(Milill«li|.|i l-i IMiil iil.-lpllln, hisik* ulilrh p4i>.iiIiI Iw In
Ill«» hsiilti nlrvri) i<ni|iil>lMinilin<l. 'Pii' iBMer rdiiiniiu n iiitpiihr
Ml I'.tiiitt. ivliiili r.in In* iin.li raiiMMl liv an llri'WKii'i iIini« ih.i lie«l-
I.Cr In I ill II ill In tl'ltlll niai lllni r\l f innirl*|.|| I'IH'
• n. ill tils' llilirlllilP tis# lllllv niiPiiMcil tlir eniHTlsilniig nf Ifif In
fiiiior, ivIhi m unit I'liiiMiui^ig en« nu • lari* Kal« -1'^.
.Namur are genernlly narrow, and the houses bifty, but
they appear to be kept in clean and good order, and
sonic liw have a (olerable width and bnrdered by good
eoinfiirtalile houses. 'J'he numerous work-shops, eliietly
in the various briinchcs of iron and brass ware, gave an
appearance of active industry, wliieh was no( con(railie(-
il liv the equally numerous shops which exhibited (hosi
irlnles of hoine-made iiiiinufacdire. There was besides
1 good (leal of trallic and linsilc on the river.
\N e paid a visit lo the cathedral, which is a very
hindsome s|h eiinen of modern architecture, of the t'o.
rinlliian order, not more than seventy years old ; but it
\]K rieiiccd, like all (he other churehes, the bad usage of
the I'renih soldiery, who converted it into a barrack and
il bospilal.
I( is now, however, kept in a state of good repair and
|Mrliet 111 atiiess. Tfie interior of the dome is parlicii.
larly lifhl and clcgaiil, and the whide floor, the steps
and the altars, are entirely of innrble of ditlirent kinds
and colours. There are four pieturi's in this clnirch
said to 1h' by ItulH'iis, — "The SaliKiUion," — "t'liriB(
he. ding (he lame niaii at the I'ort of Iti'thcsda," —
" Sliowing himself t« tiie Apostles," — nnd " The Criici-
li.vion."
\s we had iK'fore us a long journey the following day
(n llrusscis, and Hlionld probably s|H'11iI some (iinc on (he
lield of Waterloo, we desired the servart girl to be care-
ful not to omit knocking at our door at (iiur o'clock ; on
which she signitieantly siiid, there was very lillle danger
of any of us In ing asbcp at that hour. On enqnirieg
what she meant, she saiil the IkII of (he (own hull, |us(
by, would Is' sure (o waken us; nnd she was quite rigid,
for such a toll of about ten minutes, or a ipiiirler of an
hour, was certainly never Is'tiire heard i it wns ju»t as if
one of the most sonorous Chinese gongs was beating in
the adjoining a[iarlini'nl.
WATF.alXlO.
On having \aiiinr for Ilrussels, we look leave nf the
viilley of (he Meiise, nnd proeeeded ni.rlhcrly by (he
small town of .li iinp|H', und by (iiiatre Ilras, to the ever
ineinoiable and i ver iiiten sting pbiin of Waterloo,
which no Kaiglisbinan thinks of passing without mnkiiig
himw'lf arqiiainled wi(li (he (e|Nigrnphieiil detail, on (be
s|Hil, of that (rcmi'iidons eontliel, which terininalcd in
giving |M nco (o loiig-a()lic(cd I'liirope.
The original liiitnn s, however, of (he ground, where
the centre of the Kngllsli line bad its (Hisition, at (he
lns( dcs|K'rate effort made by the enemy, are entirely
obliterated ; ami the ridge which liirnied a part of .Mount
St .Iran is now b'velled down with the rest of the plain.
This was done (iir (be pur|>i>se of oMsining a sulHcienl
ipianllty of earth (o form the grenf conical mound, on
which ilir colossal bronfr linn, which inny serve cidii r
iw the llniisli or n<'lgie lion, is siipporicd, the |H'des'
Inl nf who II Isnrs the simple inseriplion " .lime |H,
1H|.^." The iiionnd nnd the lion have iipinlly l»en (In
subjects of ill'iintureil censure; but the one eonlnining
(be hinies of friends and fm-s, who fell in that dreadfi
dsy, uid lh« otlivr cotn|<oit'<i (4 cumov Uli«n fWini thr
linissels is in all res|xcts worthy (o lie considered .i»
(he capilal of the Nedierlands. The slreels in the kiwtr
or more ancient parts of the town, alKiiil the gate wlirr.'
itisentcrid near (he river Siiiie, maiiiUiin the usual
chnraeter of a Ilelgic town, Ik ing narrow and the linus..
high, but on the iipisr or hill part of the city, (In
s(rei'(s are spacious and the buildings magiiilieenl. Tin
iiseenl from the lower lo the iip|K'r or court end of Ilit
town, is about as sleep as, and (he sircets not unliki',
those which run through (Juilford or I.ewes. Two |w
laces, one for the king, and another contigiious In il li.r
the voung prince, face the planted piece of ground ciill'
III file |sirk, which may Is' about (be sire of Liiicnlii'.
inn Fields ; it is laid mil in (he continental style of gai
dens, Isiiig inlerseeti d by straight walks shaileil liv
frees, and ciiiIk llisbed with slatucs, in praise of wliini
iiiueh eaniiot Ih' said. Directly facing (lie king's imliiif,
ind on the op|K)site side of the park, is the house of lli.
Conseil de ririibniit, now the I'hainlHr of Deputies. .Ml
the houses in llie four striilH or rows that surround lli.
four sides of (he park are truly magiiilieenl, and in gnu'-
rill ap|H'iiraiiee i ipiiil, or nearly so, in point of ateliilir
lure flioiigb not in si/.i ; and the houses in the adjoiiiiiii;
square or I'liire Uoi^iili, with the cliureh in (he eiiiln nl
one of its sides, and (he (wo bod Is of Ilelvuc unil ilr
l'°laiiilri's, arc all splendid buildings. The fiainer lintil
innkes up more lliiiii a himdrcd beds; and we sat dn»n
to a fable d'hiite, at which were sixty-six |H.'rsiiIis, iiinK
Ihiiii one half of (lieiii linglish.
In fiict llru'sels, next to I'uris, is the moil popiiloiu
Knglish colonv in all Kiirope ; anri to hHlgeour romilry
men eom|iir(aiily and in (be English lush, whole s(rnli
or rows of houses are building for (heir i< ci plmn tir
wards (he oiitskiifs of fhe town; and for (heir aiiium-
incn(, (he old walls and riimparls Inni bun deniolii-liol.
iinil eonverted into a ehnrming tsiuli viird liir a pmiiif
iiade : nnd along (he All^f intr, Is'side llin Alit«in<
canni, they were busily employed in laying out nun
leiisive iHilanieal gnrili n, nnd in Icm lliiig llic old lindli.
eadons in (liii( qniirdr. No wonder (lia( so many lint
lisli families lloi k (o (his great eitv ; ninny of wlimii,
Imwever, carry, with their money, tin ir ileprnved llll^ll•
nnd vieiiiUK priqii nsllirs, and mil a li w n great deal "f
tho Uttrr withotil much uf (ho fbrmtr, iui|HMiii|[ I'vr •
III,,,, on die inhal
i,inre eaulious in
.\11 kinds of p
piililic amuseme
all Ik' had here fV
Kiiirlaiid ; and til
iiiilil'v udiniiiiBlc
tiiiilirly French
lie re, and "old fi>
111*1 jsipnlar wi
li.ive yet seen ii
I'vi'ii I'raiiekfort,
oiise and pros|Ki
Xhirc are, liowi
Ihcni, cs|s'cially
vpriinienl of prof,
(rnvernments; but
ti'slnins to a cci
lllltreil.
We went dim
newlv furnished,
loinliirlttblq lioii
Europe. The
and is splendidi
soiiii' eighty fee
aiiotber room, iwi
tlic pirtiiro gallei
|iiiluresarc unw.
The palnec is
yard, and eontai
ro.iiiis, en tnilr,
hind tho quadra
taste, nor nualne
li'iliee.
From I be pala
(111' ( 'tiiitril ilf III
wicio ulaircttsca.i
IsTsof iK'Ors Blld
an. I each of a sin
of the hills wliiel
ppeis on the rig
(In one side of i'
Cailcvero, llio ki
Nieuport." till) ol
Tlie chamber
plan as that of
liibuiie, cncli me
w!in represent t
lliileh, and tho!
I'teiieh language
At the further
in which the coll
olio wing, is a si
in the several di
V liii'h is a colleel
minerals, prcseiil
are heaiilifully s.
wlinle col lection
mill great care
tlipy are placed i
are pro|K»ily labi
Another wing
the sittings of tl
laie; and lliere
and liehinil the
li.ivv closed, and
IsiLiiiieal garden
The eliurch ii
liill, is a magiiif
It pnnfniiis soiiii
upiisdes, ul fiill
size, nro pined
The pulpit, by (
priiliubly not in
tliroiighoiif tlin
ileni, .IS Ibis is I
ill uimhI wns CI
siilijeet of the i
mill r.ve fVoiii p
liy the llgiirct o
driving llicni ni
Adam i" eoiiee
anil bis flowing
tutle into whic
rrpreseiilnfiiill
bo iiiinginid ; v
mill looks at III
uf eoiiiiteiiHiii I
augi'r," eviiiei
ctiUilly uf tuii
A ToirR TtiitoiTai KOirrii iioli.am).
89
iijlli nppf"l'fi"l<'d,
unci n loiiili. Xlip
c Kiiol wlirrc' ||„
We liriil oliferj,
of Qimtrc Ura,,
I jusl liku cuu ol
il ilt.»rri|)li(ins of
try, that i( v.im\i
il lllilll. At liir
' all KIMN, IkjUi (,\
) innniiimuits that
till! cliurcli, iiud
r ciiiilil wisli fr,r
Millkifiit, tlifri
li(;<'iit yomi(j id.
lili- tciloilir nlidul
•H, uiul who liaM'
Irlailsof tin- hji,
corrciliii'ss and
tpurcil fcir this,,
ml I'oltajrc's, and
II' |iliiiii dl' Wall r-
il, wliitli is iiUiiii
occhkUiI by two
Kid, |ilii<'('il hy an
tHoH'onu'iiDlUr.
il iiiannor of cor-
ir of tlio firld of
, Hliicli HI' pam-
ilitTiTciit kind of
•i|wlly iif Ih'ccIi,
Mill is r.l for iii-
fiir llnil piiriKw.
'xcludc I'vcry ray
tlic iitnidspliiri :
{ of Ik'I'C'Ii H(KI(t
|i<n air, it ri\v
irr. This, iiidifd,
it cxplaiiia uhr
^i^;Jly and lircn
iablc to split, and
lliuiiu wliicli lia\e
10 considcri'd ,i«
iTlt in (lie Idwir
I I 111 (fall' whin'
liiUiin the nmii:
IV mid tlic linuv-
of' tlic city, lh(
a^'iiilircnt. 'I'in
iinrt end of tl,c
eta not unhkc,
iCHeH. 'I'wo |a-
itifiniiUK to il ilir
of ){roniid ('ill!'
7.1' of Lineolm.
tal style of (jar
alkn sliudi'd liy
prai^o of whiiii
II' kin|r's|ial;Kr,
he house of lli'
fUrputiis. .Ml
at Mirroiiiiil ili<
III, and in )'< lu'
iiil of nil iiii. I
in the udjiiiiiiii^'
in the eeiiln lil
lleUiie uiiil III
lie tinnier ImM
d \\e Mit diiuii
|H'rK(iliii, mule
inoiit popiiliiui
Ijifiiiir eiiiiiilrv
, » lioU' Klinli
ir iierpliiiii lo
ir their niiiUM'
■ en denl(>h^lll<:.
I tiir n pri'iiic'
' tli»> Alilmrf
'iiiK out nil 1 1
; the old ferlili
so nniiiy l)ii|!
iiiiiiy of »l I.
Iipittu'd hiihiti
(;reat denl "i
inipiMinK iut •
luiiii on the iiihahitants who, however, had now beeoine
mure eaiilious in triislin|r theiii.
,\ll kinds of provisions, ediieution in all its )>ranclie<',
pulplic uiniiseineiits, and the lu.viiry of a carriajfe, may
;ill Ik- had here for about one half of what they eost in
KiiL'l'""' ' "'"' ">' <'>^ i"* ■■'> re.4trainl, but what the law,
iiiililiv adininititered, imposes. Itisiks of all kinds, par-
tirulirly Kreiicli and Kii^lish, are eiireriilly reprinted
lirre, and sold for iniieli lesn than tile editions of onr
must |H>pular works printed by tJalicnani at Tari-s. We
liave vet seen no plaee in the eourse of our tour, not
I'veii i'Vaiiekfort, that wears the apjuaranee of so iinieli
ease and pros|H'rity us in the iiilinbitants of Ilriissels.
Thire are, however, many dissatisfied spirit-s aiiion^r
Ihfni, es|K'eially tlie calliolie (iiiests, who linle the f,'o.
viTiinient of proteslants, and the .laeobins, who hale all
^rmirniiients; but the mild and eipiitable rule of the kini;
ri'str lins to a certain degree if it eaniiot subdue their
halnd.
We wont ihioiifrli the kind's palace, which had been
nciwiv I'uriiisbcd, and is oiio of the most liabltalile and
ciiinliirtiiblq Iioiisck of that denomination, |ierhups, in
Kurupc. The ball-room is llio only \iii«i> apartineiil,
and is splendidly fitted up and fiiriiislied. It may be
HOMii' eiijhty liol by forly, and very lofly. 'I'lierc is
Qtiiither room, |ieihaps somowliat sniallor, which is called
llic pirtiiro ifallcry, iiul is as unworthy (ho naiiio as the
|>ictuiesarc unworthy to bo placed in it.
Tlio palace is built round a lar);o i|iiadran<!iilar enuit-
vinl, and contains the iinnienso number of liirty-foiir
rnuiiis, rn «iii/r, lliroueli all of which wc passed. Ilu-
liiiid tho (piadraiiitle is a (rarden, which hud neither
laMe, nor neatness, nor rare plants, to recommend it to
ll'dii'e,
I'rom the palarc wo cronscd tlio park to (he liouw of
till' I'fiiitril dr lirnlianl. Tho vcstiliiile is very fiiio. 'I'wo
wlilo Klaireuses.tnic on each side, le.id to the tuocliiini.
tiers of |H'ers and llio deputies. 'I'lie steps uroof marlile,
aii.l eaeli of a Kindle slab, the produce, aswo nndorstiHid,
nl' the hills winch enclose the .Meiiso. 'I'lii' cliumber ol
poi'is on the rij^lit is merely a Uiiig room or gallery.
Oil one side of it were two luriio pictures, (laiiited by
(■iiilevcro, (ho kiii(;'s painter. One was the '' llultlu ol
Nuuport." (ho odier, (liu •• Ilattlu of Waterloo."'
'I'he chamber of deputies on (ho lei*, is on the same
plan as that of tlie deputies in Paris; but il has no
liilmne, cneli meiiilHir s|M'akiri); from his place, — those
«!iii represent the provinees of Holland iisinir the
Dutch, and those of tlio Notlierlands ;;ciierally the
Kreiieh lanpnagc.
.\l the rnrllier extremity of (lie quodrnnpnlar court,
in wliieh the collection of pie(ures is placed, oeenpyiii)j
one ttinp, is a suite of rooms, approprinlcd to aulijeels
ill the Bi'veral depaitments of natural history, amonit
uliii'h is a eolleelion of very superb s|ieeiiiiensof liussl.in
minerals, presented by the present empress. The birds
are heaiililully nl np. but tint very iminernus, and llie
wliiile colleetiiin ol animals well nrranired and preseived
Willi ^reat care: what is of i-ssenlial use to visiter",
tliry are plaeed at n eonvenient hoi);lil for tho eye, and
lire pro|M'ily labelled.
.\iiotlier vvini; of the fpmdrnnijle Is npproprinled to
the sittini;* of the royal ai'ailemy of si iences and lilera.
line; and (hern is nUo a liliraiy niiilir (ho same nsil,
anil behind the buildiim is n largo jinrden, wliieli was
now elosed, and in preparation, as wo were told, lor n
iioliiiieiil etirdi'ii.
The ehiireh of (liidiilo, standing on the brow of (he
liill, is a ina;,'iiihci'nt s|K'i'iiiieii of the old (iolliie s(yle.
Il iniilains soiiie very line inonumenls ; niid (he (welv<'
iipii.illes, ul full leii|jlli, and rather alsive (he (oniinon
►iri', are placed against (welve culiinins of (he nave.
The pulpit, by (jnesnoy, is lM>nnllliilly njeeuted, and in
|iriiluibly not inferior in any pieei' ol carving in wish!
Iliriiiiiilioiil the Nelherhiiids, uliieli is saying a great
ileal, ,is this is (he eonidry, of all others, w here earvinu
ill wissi was carried to the greatest |' rli-eiion. The
■iilijei't of (lie (iiidiile pulpit Is the expulsion of Adam
anil l.te IVoiii paradise. 'I'lio pulpit itself is supported
by the Itunret of our first parents and the angel, who is
driviii({ iTicm mil willi i\ llaming sword. The face ol
Ailnin is eoiirealeil by his two linmls placed lielbre it.
mill Ins Mowiii;! hair ; but the whole figure, by the aid.
(iiile into w'liieh it ii (brown, exhihits the «tronge«t
rrpresenlalion of gtief and di's|Hinileney llint eiin well
lie iiiingini d ; while K.ve turns round linr piteous face,
and looks at the angel in the iiio'.l aHeeliiig expression
el ciiiindinHiiii', und » listk " more In soriow limn in
«n|{er," evinring nl llin satnn limn sntnething not
ctttclly uf i'uin|iliiinl, but ai If ili« wuulU My "Unr
punislinienl e.xeeedsonr crime." The tree of knowledge,
with its spreading branches, nives sii;i]Hirt lollie canopy
over till! piilpii ; and the huge snake, liavini; siieeeeiled
in deslrnying the happiness of our first jiareiils, is In
ihe act of sneaking away from its vieliins,aiiil enlwiniiig
itself round the li.iek part ol'tlie pulpit, on wliii h side ils
head is seen to have reached the lop of the eaiiopy.
Ilefe, however, on the highe.-t siiiiimil, stands erect the
figure of liio Virgin .M.iry, iMariii:; a lung crozier, with
Ihe point of which she pierces llie head of the siinko.
On cither side, on Ihe railing of the sleps.are a niimlier
III birds and (piadrupcils enjnying lliii:iselvef., as il
weri', in paradi>oj Ihosu on the side of Adam In iiig
inoslly of the larger species, and sm h us aie eiiiliied
with masculino slreiigth, und those on (be fide of I-ac,
hielly peaeoi ks, parrots, and monkeys, whieli sume
nay, peilmps, bo ihspi,^,.,| to think was iiiteii<led as
rather u inalii ions salin on the pari of the siiilplur, in
having elioseu such challerers for the acconipaiiiiiicnts
ofniolher l^ve.
The 'I'own-houso of Ilriissels, anil more paiticuhirlv
its iMiaulilul spire, ale scareily, perhaps, (o bo I'lpialled
for elegance and lightness. This spire rises proudly
eminenl, to tlio lieighl, il is said, of lliree hiiiiilred and
si.vty-four liiet, exclusive of sixloen or eighteen leet of
an iron rod which supports the full leiiglh ligure of St.
.Michael, who, il must be conli'ssed, has been treated
rather lightly by converting him into n wealhereoek.
.Standing in the centre nearly of the i:ity, this light and
airy spile of cvrpiisiti' workiiiaiiship is seen fioin every
purl of ils outskirts, liiid Ibrms a beautiful object t'roiii
Ihe park and its \i( inity.
On the side opposile to lliat which the Towil-liall
iK'ciipies in tin; (Jruiid IMace, or market sipiare, is the
ancient palai e, of curious (iolhic urcliileclure, now
converted into shops; Lnl its gil. ling, ils deioralions.
iiisciipliiiiis, and oilier remains of ils li.riiier sph-nilnur.
arc still visihli', and may be made out by those wlio lia\c
lime and pulieiieu lor (lie task.
There are no towns on ihe continent that, like Lon-
don, enjoy the inappreeialilo advanlnge and liLXury of
having a copious supply of pure water, bronghl up into
all the IIiHirs ol'llie houses ifdesiri'd; but there are also
few towns whieli, next to this ailvanlage, have not the
enjoyment of public foiinlnins and public pumps;* and
in tlie decoration and emU'lli.'.lniientsof lliese slruelure.s,
no expense appears (o have been spared ; and very olleii
wo tind a great share of good laste disphned in them.
To say nolliing of llie fiiiinlalns, of which some are
really splendid. Ihe common pumps ev'i of I'Vaiiiklinl,
.Maycnie, and Cologne, and iiiany of the towns of Ihe
Neilieihinds, are ornamental (o the streets and ."ipiarcs
ill winch I hey are elected. They are of various foims,
lint most commonly tlnit of an obelisk, or the section
ofa pyramid, iiirionsly eiirveil witlifrelw<irli ofditlerent
deviees,aiid siiriiioiiiiled with stiilnes of incu or women,
ligiiies of lions, eagles, and other animals, and soiiic-
tiiiies Willi a gill crown, <ir armorial iM'aiings.
I!rus:<els lias ils sliare of liolli pumps and Hiunlains;
and aiiioiig olliers, there is me of the latter in the
corner ofa street, ofa singular kind, well known by the
name of the .Maniiikin. It is the slalue of a lillle Imy
lieauliliilly heiilpluieu in black marble, by (inesiiov.
who sends liiith iil|;lil and day, without intermisKioii, a
copious slreain of pure water. It Is said thai Louis
XIV., when in nnissels, was sosliocki'd at the iiidilieai v
of this exiiiliilion, that he oidered a suit of golill leeil
clot lies III Is' iiiiide Itir the minikin; anil report sii\h he
Is uetiially chilhed in iIikiii, with n eoi ked hat and
swoid.on certain li'sli\al days, lor the iiiiin^eiiienl of the
inhabilanls. If the llii I be so, Louis iiiiisl have intended
to play oir n joke on ihe good |ieopli' of Ilriissels.
On the 'Mill of .\iigusl, ne lell Ilrnssels in a c.ilcche
and pair ol horses, wliieh wu hired as far as d'heiit —
Ihiity-six miles, fur two and ii half .Napoleons, or soine-
' (I IS I'irreillnol.i' li> I"' r 'snl'i'il tlial l>lillaili'l|ililn w iili hii am.
jile Mil|>|il> ofwulrr. IMehllo'ly witliniil lliiil raltiMl tif InlintlOll..
\oilinii I lllilll III' iiilil'il III till' way ol niiiaiiii iii w Mfh wkiiM hi
iliekailir I list Im' -.1 illiilllr. ttiillli' 111 In r illl\s nl |lO>^|H r 1\
lii'S-.n'il III tail' Iniiiiliiil lliiiiimiinl Iniiiiliiin.. - stinii' nl' llif-in nrii
luiiliatiii' it litili' lie ri' r\n'iii'r i-Ii-K/uiff iliaii niir Inilrioiis. Inn
ne kn'iw trnm ilii>«i' w liii'li ri'iiiinii Iliiii mNn.v were ti" v N<i|N'rii.
riie litil iii»l III liiiinliilii« III lln^rily wmilil I's' llie iililv i'\|H'ti.i<-
>>r ni'iirU pn. \Vi' iijij" al in evi r> iriiwili'i In ('iiii)|m' lii iMiiilini
iinr n|iiiniin win n \tr niiv, a ii'|i|> la-lrOil rniinfatn iiiliU na nnn h
III Ihe Isniiilv III n i llv nn n npU imIIiI IiiiIIiIImi. '('lie rniiiM lis w lin
• hall lenil till' way III lliilr liiliiHlinllMit to niir |iiltilir iH|iniii'« mil
nil III Ihe Ihiililii nl till' rniniiniiilh iiiiil lln- iiaines «il ihi' |ir<iinl
In til Ml lnl- In II \\ III III' li.oi-inlln il III |..«niilv rilMini willi Ih.i.i-
Uhil riilllrrii'il III!' ur< 111 llrnilll mi lln- l llvnt' IllelllV nl wltnli'M'MIt'
\\nler. We pili 11 im reenril In |s:U, Ihiil hi jireM'iit we lin\e nut
n sliiBle iiiihhr rmiMliilii In Hid inlinlilli'il pnil nl' Ihia friat c.i)'.
Chiiin UuiK 111 rnlr Muiini nml aimtkcr In prii|ri<M.— c}
what less than two guineas. Aboiil half wiiv is Ihe
low II of A lost, or, as the word signifies ''In llie east," it
being the t'ronlier town ol'old |-'l.iiideis in that iliieclion.
Il is nol n very l.irge tint a neat town ; and in its
cathedral there is a pieliiio of Itiiliens, which IravcMerH
reneriilly go to see. The siitijecl is flinsi empowi'iiiig
."n.iiiit Koeli to heal the sick ; it is a well painted, but
hy no means a pleasant pii lure.
I'rom Alosi to lilient. which is cigliteen miles, an
avi line of tall beech trees isi-ontinned iilmosl the whole
way without interrnplinn. The causeway generally
was well paved, and n very loiisiderable niiiiilicr of
men were eniployi'd in keeping il in good order ; iho
surface of the countiy perleclly Hal the whole t\ay,aiid
the imintorrupled tillage as neat und clean as a kitchen
garden.
Tho nuinlier of wninen employed In the vaiious
operalioiis ol' agrieullure upiHiared to be at least eipial
II) lliut of llic other se.x. and some of Uielr ciiiplovmenlH
were laborious onoiigli, and to us iippeiireil di^^jiisling
and dl grading; liir instaiiee, we oliservcd a young
woniaii hainessed with a man in the painful lalHiiir ot'
draggin;' a harrow o\er u snrliiee of rough clods. Very
lijiv liorsi " ap|H'ared lo U> employed, a single horse being
liei|ueiitly observed to draw a light plough thriiugli tliB
IrHise and mellow soil.
We may. here observe that, since wo left Liege, (ho
cnndKion of tho ngrleultural lahmirers, if we might
judge from the appearance of the larmhnuses und eot-
liiges, and villages, was sonieuliiit superior to that of
the same class furl her lo the easl.vard. There was
more neatness about the liirm-yaids. and more euro
taken in the preservation of every iiigredieiil. liir the
<:oiii|iflsl heap, so essiM.lial iijr kei ping up the prolific
ipiality of Ihe soil. Their grain w as caieliilly slacked,
and their dwellings wore w hile-wHshed, and kept i lean
liefore llie doors, anil these tiiiil the windows iiiid llio
Wood work generally were |)ainlid gleeii : this eoiilrast,
iiowever, does not apply so iiiiich lo llie stale of agri-
culluie of the countiy between the easli rii and western
purl ions of IJrabant, as to llie geneial appearance of tho
houses and the (Hople ; for nolhiiig could e.xi eed tho
neatness in which the In nil was cullivuled llie whole svay
along the banks of the Uhiiic and as far as ^Vix-la-
i'hapi'lle; llie care and the lahinir beslowed on every
part of It were little, if any thing, iiifei mr .In thai of Iho
Dutch .Netherlands. Hut this neatness in the i ultiva-
lion had no correspondeiiee with llie diess and appear-
ance of the peasantry, whose e.xlreine slovenliness niid
Ihe filthy slate of tinnr dwelliiiL's were ijiiile ilisgusling.
'\ll kinds of dirt were sullered lo lemaiii undislurbeil
Itcliire the doors, and it was not unusual to see a parcel
of children nearly naked, paddling in |«iols of waler —
the drains from Hoiiio iieighhiiunng dunghill; but iiu-
lliiiig of this kind is seen in llelgiiim.
fihent is siltiated on (he united stream of (he Scheldt,
Ihe Lis and the Lieve. Il Is a fine old city, but, like all
wo have yet seen, the height of the houses anil tho
narrowness of many of the streets give il u dull and
sombre appearance. The cathedral is a line old sirue.
lure, at least eipinl to the chiirch of St. (I'lidiile nt
lliiissels. It is said to have liien built in the eleventh
eenlnry, and tiiiisliid ns it now a|ipi'ars. If we clearly
iiiiili'r>liiod Ihe .Vii/sjr (/(• /Vgi'i<c, Iho pillars and arcades
which we went (o see iindei the groiiiid llisir of tho
eliureh, were the liiundations of one still oliler, on \t hit li
(hey rebuilt the present ediliie. They correspond ox-
aelly, so llial this vaulted under grniind slory is called
a eliurch under the ealhedral. Almost Ihe whole in-
lerior ..I' this fine old buililiiig is of iiiaibii> of varioiin
kinils uii ' coliiiirs; (he lower parts of the vvall.< are
lined alinos, wholly vvilli black marble. Its two and
(weiily chniM'ls are innslly of iinrble, with disirs of
liiass. The iillar-piec> s iiid all (he iiioniiiin iits are also
(it black and vvliilu inaible, (he liiriiier seiviiig n*
pediislalsor bases, on wbieh the wlnile length ligures of
w'lilli' iiinrhle, ('roiii (he ipiurrles of (ieima. rest. One
of IheMO, n bishop ui'dhoni, by (jiiesiiny.ainl another, n
(iernmii bishop, by I'aoli, ore exi|iii»itely fine. Tho
piilpil is n (inislied piece of curving, siipporleil by two
slnliies of '/'iinr and Tinlh, under the ligures of mi
angel holding o|h'Ii the " Hisik of Life' beliire the (iiee of
an ohl man ; und on each tliglil of steps is (he ligiiro of
an niigel ; — (he whole by Laiirriit do Veatn.
(ibeiit is nioiosi ns much inlersecled by canals nn if
i( were u town of Holland ; and they talk of ils (wenty-
seveii inlnniU und (lireo hundred bridtc, which nrn
prubnbly ibuul llireo titntii tlio nctuil miinbcr. In (li«
.«.r. # • ' J-i
' 11,
^'&MP:^
. I ■ ^,
I
i'..f.
-I
.1:
m
m
',.^1
■."*
■Jiii
90
A T0I;R TIIROI'OII M»I!TII HOLLAND.
architect jre of tlic churches wo obaervcd nothing very
remarkable, but the tlepjied gablea of the houacs give a
peculiar character to Ihc town. It haa some gnn<l
Htrocta and open aquares that are lighted with gas ; and
we could not but notice that a great many more well
dresaed |icopIe, both ladies and gentlemen, ap|<carcd
abroad in the street', than we had observed elsewhere ;
it appeared, however, that the greater part of tliom
were Knglish, who have congregated here in numbers
as considerable, perhaps, as at lirusscls. There are, no
doubt, many inducements held out at (ihont for Knglish
families in moderate circumstances, to fix their abode
there. All the necessaries of life are abundant and
cheap. There is an excellent college, at which the
pupils are instructed in every branch of literature on
the most reasonable terms; and no distinction made
between protcstant and catholic. 'I'here is an academy
for the fine arts, which possesses a good collection of
pictures, a public library, and a very good botanical
garden, which was founded under the republican govern-
ment of France, out of the gardens and grounds of a
■upprossod convent.
The distance from ('hont to Bruges is about thirty
miles ; and os the country is here one continued flat, wr
resolved to travel, by way of variety, in the trorkschuyt,
or, as tlii'y call it, the barge — a very cnnimodinus vessel,
with gcxMl apartments and a canopy over the quiirter
deck. She is drawn by four horses, which proceed at a
gentle trot of atmut four miles an hour, and tlicy are
changed at half way. The f«r<^ for this passage is five
and a half fruncs, or four shillings and seven (tcnre eneh
p<;rson, a tolerably gooil dinner and beer into the bar-
gain. For those who are not in haste, or for invalids,
there is no mode of travelling to Iks compared to this for
ease and comfort, and, at the same lime, it enables the
rsenger to occupy hifn»<'lf in any kind of employment
may ehoi>s«! to engage in ; and in the greater part of
this particular irassage there is nothing tn distract his at-
tention, the Imnks lieing so high as to intercept the view
of the i:oiintry. We could see enough, howevi-r, to satisfy
us that the whole surface was in an admirable stale of
tillage. It is said, indeed, that in no inrt of the Nether-
lauds are finer cro|>s produced than in the district lie-
tween this line of country and Antwerp, called the Waes-
land, whii^li eiMituries ago was a continued waste of liar-
rcn lieatli, naked sand, and splashes of water.
BRUUEa.
It took us about eight hours to reach Bruges, a clean,
i|uiet, dull town. Onec the iH>ntral mart for almost all
the connnerce of the Low (countries, it still exhibits the
remains of former irrandeur. With its commerce ond its
(ipulenc(s its |>opulation gradually fell to nearly one half
of what it was. It is now said to contain almiit seven
thousand houses, and thirty-eight thousand inhabitants.
l)nc |H)rtiun of the |Nipulution, and no inconsiderable one,
might not |ivrlia|i8 to lie deemed as any very great loss, —
that which ^icopled some dozen convents and ahlieys, witli
their extensive establishments and large tracts of ground
within the city walls, most of tliein now suppressnl.
One of these, which still remains near the western ex-
tremity of tlio town, is the liegtiinage, an establishment
for the supimrt of old nuns. It is ii large enclosure eon-
taining a handsome clia|N'l, a nunib<'r of very gfSMl and
neat houses round a spacious Mpiare planti'd with tret^s,
and gardens iH'hind them. These elderly ladies are in
the enjoyment of every comfort. There is a similar es-
kiblislimeiit ut (ilient, the elia|M'l of which we nllended
during service lime, hut were not inucli enraptured by the
voices of these ancient virgins ; indi cd the whole ni that
institution was much inferior to this at llrngcs.
ItlTe we also visited uii Knglish nunnery whiili had
been foimiled ninety-nine years ogo. The old lay sister,
iKitwilhstaiiding her well Iriiinniil Isaril, and a pair of
iiiustaehes, was a very intelligent and agreeable |H'rson,
exceedingly eoininuniealive, and miieh pleased In Nee her
eouiitry |N'ople, and lanieute<l that she could ni>t indulge
us with admission lo the cloisters, and the interior, but
their regulations, she said, were strict and |>o«ilive to
allow nil iHTson to s>s! any of the professed nuns, except
their ri'lations or their aer)uaintanees at the pnrhir.
lOven the elia|N'l, she snid, hail reeenlly lieen closed
against the public liy an orih'r from the government, but
NJie wciulil venture to show il to us, and indeed ur!;i'd us
III see il. I'liis eha|H'l is certainly Ihe most |H'rfeel model
nfllie kind thni can Is: iiiiagiiii'd. Il is filled up with
gissl lasle and elegance, and ih'voiil of all lniiii|N'ry ileen.
rations. Indeed there was nothing within il, will) Ihe
exei plinn orilic iillar, and searrely thai, to indiculu thai
it was a plaes for ralhnlic worship.
The number uf profcasad nuni ii furly,all from Eng-
land ond Ireland. The whole sisterhood were ex|>cllod
from this convent on the irruption of the !''ranch, and
made their way lo Kngland; where thoy wore received,
and a convent fitted up (or them, by Sir Thomas (loge.
While there, the old lady said they were all very un-
happy, though well treated ; and though ther'3 were
among them several young ladies unprolessud, and in
frequent communicotion with thoir friends, there was
not, while in England, a single case of desertion — such
is Ihe influence that is exercised over the minds of these
young creatures, when once entered within the pale ol
monat'tic hie.
Observing a large concourse of |ieople not far fi'om
the convent, and proceeding towards that quarter, we
sow in an enclosed piece of ground a number of [lersons
dressed ingrccn jackets, with bows and arrows,shooling
at a small wooden figure of a bird, ap|>arently not largi'r
than a s|nrrow, isTclied at the top of a sort of may|Mile,
about one hundred and fifty firt high. Tin m- arliiiW
triers, or toxophililes, liir they were of that society, of an
eient standing in Holland and the Netherlands, shot their
arrows in turn; and in the course of alsiut a quarter of
an hour the bird was hit twice, which was the more dex-
tcroiisly done, as the wind was blowing strong.
This kind of pole may lie observed in almost every vil
lage of Ihe Netherlands, and for Ihe double pur|in«e of
exercising the toxophililes at the mark on its sumu'it,
and also of decorating with garlands on thirs and festi-
vals, when it is a common practice to greow: or soap the
lower |iart, and hang up a prize (or him who has the
skill, and can endure the fatigue, of ascending this sli|>-
|s'rv iMile, so as tn reach it.
The streets of Hriigi's are kept as clean as those of o
niileli town. The houses and siio|m are not elegant, hut
neat, and the |K'opIe generally apfsar to lie in ileeenl cir-
eiiniHtauees. The shojis and Ihe markets are wi II sup-
plied with every necessary of life; the fruit and ve(.'el,i-
liles are goo<l in qiiojily, and abundant. Thi' great draw-
back is the want of gocsl fresh water, which eon only I"'
had from a eonsiderulile distance. The cheapness of pro-
visions, of house-rent, and of education, has induced
many English families to repair to liriigcs, as well as to
(ilient and Mriissels. Ik'sides tlie very small exjiense ol'
private teachers, they have the advantage of public libra-
ries, reading rooms, collections of pictures, public and
private, and an academy of |>aiuliiig.
We ramlileil through the northern side of the town,
which consists of whole strei'ts of cottjiges, nuistly built
on one plan, r il kept neat and clean by whitewashing.
VU the women U-longlng lo these collages were busily
employed in weaving lace Is^fore Uie doors, and in many
places whole grou|i« of them gossiping while fingering
their bobbins with as much rapidity, and seemingly with
as much ease and pleasure, as a young lady runs her
fingers over the keys of a piano-lbrte. \S'e undersUssl
that from wveii to eight thousand women are enipluyed
on this s|>ecies of manufacture.
The dress of the |ieople of the Netherlands is not Ihe
most iH'coming, |iartieularly that of the women. Kxcept
those who move in the higher sphere of lili', and who
imilali- French and English fashions, the generality of
eitizens* wives and daughters wear, even in the warmest
weather, long black cloaks, reaching to their hiH-ls, with
ileep liootis, which the old ladies generally draw over the
head, hut the young ones mostly turn down, in <irder to
exhibit a neat cap, Isirdered with lace, always clean and
as white as snow.
Finding lliat Ihe deisirture of the sleani|>acket Ooin
Ostend had iH'eii put oil from the 'ii\ lo thi' ltd of.S'ptem-
Imt, we resolved to s|snd the day at Ilruges rather than
Oslend, which gave us a np|K>rlniiity of seeing Ihc
ehurihes ol Noire l)aiiie,or the cathedral, and Si. Siilva-
liir. Niiire Dame is a heavy mass of building, with a
lowir and spire, that tsbmg to no specific class of arehi-
leeliire. The nave is ilivided from the side aish's by mas-
sive columns. The pulpit is one of those nirioiisly carved
fabrics, common to almost every church in Ihe Nether-
lands. Il is sup|H>rteil by llie figure of Ihi' Virgin silting
on a glols'. 'I'here are two pieces of souliilure in while
marble, represeiiliiig Ihe Virgin and Child, that are ex-
Ireiui ly Is'siitifiil. The one near the high altar is es.
Iirmeil Ihe IhsI, and, indeed, bus Isi'ii claimed ns Ihe
work of .Michael Angelo. It wss found in a Oemsw ves-
sel, thai had Inch taken by a Diileh privaUer U'hmging
lo Ilruges, and liNlged in this church. Sir Josliiia Key.
nobis is of opinion that it is of the scIhkiI of .Michael
Aneelo,
While I'siking with admiration sl this heanliful s|ieci.
men of sciilpliire, a gi-nlleman of very res|S'Clable ap-
pesrsnrs wrni down tiefore it on Imth knees, and with
out<lr«(clicd irmi remained niotionleft for at leut ten
minutes, looking intensely at the Virgin, after which hg
arose, made a profound revertmce, and walked out of ihr
ehiireh. This is the tiiily act of devotion, or rather uf
idolatrous worship, that we had witnessed on the part uf
any male individual of a decent ap|iearanee in our whii|,t
route, and we never onec oliserved a man to go into Iho
confessional box, while women were entering thciii cor.
stonily.
Having heard niueli of the churcli or chapel nfJeriiKi.
leni, we |iaiil a visit to it, but were grievously disap|iciin(.
ed. We found it a miserable bUle chapel tliat would niih
difliciilty liold a hundred iM'.sons; but in one corner of it
there is a sort of cave, to enter which it is necessary In
stoop; and in this cave is the sepulchre of Christ, Ihr
same, we arc told, as it is seen at Jerusalcin. On eiiler.
ing, we |M-rceiveil, by a glimmering light, an old woman
kneeling liefnrc Uie reenmlsnt figure nf a man, with «
pale face and a disgusting black lieord, and tlie Issly
covered up by a white sheet.
The old town house of llniges well dcscrres to U' im
liced, forming one side of Ihe greot square or niarkul
place. The building itself has no preten^iions to Ijiste nr
elegance, having minietliing of the appearance oflarge bnr
racks. One of its l.irgest sides, on the ground llonr, ia
appropriated as a flesh market, which has the ineril nt'
Ising quill' cnnee.ib'il from public view, like that nnilcr
the town hall of iH'vden ; and the side next tlie sipiare it
the cloth market. *riie tower is rather reniarkajile anil
very lofty; it consists of three |iarts; the lower |tart m
a heavy square (iothic strnctun-, eorreK|ionding with lbs
Imdy of the buibling, and pinnachd at the four corners.
Out of this rises o second sipmre, of smaller diiiienHion* ;
and the third stage, still more cnnlraeted, is an octagon.
The height cannot Ik' far short of three hundred feel.
We bad fri'qiient occasion to remark, in Ihe courvc of
our tour, that certain eom|Nincnt (lorts of buildings, not
very ini|Mirtant in tlienisilves, when coiiimon or ol^ rv.
IM'atcd, will someliines give a characler to a town. Thiiii
llii' lofty broad windows and large squares of glass dis-
liiigiiislicd the houses of Amsterdani and ltollerdam,aiiil
the high sti'|is and tlwip', as they are called, iHrfiirc tlis
diMirs, ore characlcrislicof all Dutch towns. The |Hiiiiliil
wishIcii houses, the overhanging up|ier stories, and llic
plain cornici'd gables, are the conimon features of a
Khenish town; and the tall ornainenlcd gable of inoiiy
stories, with its fantastic ncrawls and fretwork, is eharni .
lerislic of Antwerp, while those of (ilieiil are generally a
series of steps. The arched chiinney of seiiiieirciilar
tills, gives u marked feature lo Ilruges, as the forkiil
chimney does to Amsterdam, where it sometimes ap-
IK'ors with three anus.
We had frequent occasions to notice tlie contrast in
apisMironce U'tween the Prussiun and the Diileh, or
rather llelgian, soldiers when en the iHirade, One ol'
these rcginicnts, nr several coiii|Hinics nf niie statinniil
here, atleniled divine service ut Noire Doiiie, where all
the music and singing were |ieribrineil by the band anil
the soldiers. To us it had un odd ap|S'urance to obsi rvi'
three grenodiers, with their ca|i« on, sup|iorting llie
priest on eoch side of the altar, and the men reinaiiiiiig
covered during Ihe service. In marching lo church, uu
i.'ould not but remark how liMsie and slovenly they wrrr
in their dress, and more hsise in their sleii, and so enre.
less in niarcliing as isinstantly lo lie kieknig and Ireail.
iig on each otiicr's heels. SVIien cnn'rantiil with llie
soldier-like ap|iearance, the close bullxned np coat, tli«
iprighl carriage and firm step of the I'russians, the dif-
ference nf the two Isidies of men, ei>in|H»>ed of the some
|K-oph', wns very n'lnarkable. The fiiult, as we have Is',
iiire observed, iiinsi lie with the nflicers, fiir the men,
tliniigli gem rally small, were young, nnil, by pro|irr
(raining, wmild easily Ih; broiiglil inio a state of heller
order and diM'ipline. It is jusi |sishilib', as the ililr of llie
IMileli army were assemliling in llie neiglilKiiirhoi d eC
I'lrcehl, lo In' reviewed by the king, llie rigiiinnt in
queslinn niiglil Ih' chiefly eoni|Hised nf reeriiils.
On Ihe Isl of .SepleiiilH-r, alsiul fiiur in the afternoon,
we embarked on Ihe treekschnyl, not quite so cnniinniliniiii
as the former one, and were landed in the evening on llii'
quay of Oslciid. The fare was one franc and one stiver,
almul eleven (s'nee each |H'rson. The canal that eonnei In
lliese two lowiiH is brood and lUrp, and nearly on a level
with the siirfiiee of the counlry Ihe wlmli «ay, wliirli
has niiieli Ihe ap|N'araiice of llnllanil. In Ihe Inst |sirlr,
where any thing like eiillivalinii ap|n'iirs, the soil is
hea|s'd up in roiniiled ridges, and the deep fiirrows, wr
observed, were iiioslly filled willi water. As we approarli
Oslenil, llie ' liicc, |Hirtii'iilarly on the northern side ol'
the canal, lieeomes more swampy, unil Ihe country puli
on a mnrr dreary appenrsnre.
Here, on the lirt of Pcplember, they were busily rm-
i.f
|.I.iveil in the
h.iviiiS much II
iiiinier-^inn in
l.i^e^ with the
,| re, Mill in i
(Itil.iniling,
or.-.larni in O^t
mil in the garri
(mil', s public
ilr.illis lliat (in
ili^il ii' (hey ha
|/:Milriii, they V
iIkiI either (be
li.iil L'"t aiiioni!
I.illle can In
nral eiiiiiigh, ai
i;reeii, blue, oiii
'j'lie iiili-rinr Ihc
mill i" Isirdere
»|iriiiuing iiji Ih'
IMiie. Tlie eii(n
ml and liarlniur
the nliid blows
flriin;; and ri'ui
lirccaiitioMS liav
lin il'.-\va(ers of
i;i.ii l« nf sdiiiex
|ir'iiiienii|e, hav
krieadi i(.
We ciiilnrke
Innirt were land
While (hese
nili>riiia(ioii has
Wllliaiii had rel
lifiun, so far as
>.ii(«erp, and (I
III (lie bands of
iMiII agreed llpo
I'urljii T ; and ha
;;iiliii, (hey lini
iiiureh. Thus, (
rediiiis (he navig
pr.ilialily no nea
nnd KriL'land en
'lice pri'nllers ol
(n Im' kept as hnsi
eieli coliiinii ci
'I'liiir numlH'r oi
llir mean lime, I
ri iiiw the war of
iiiyi(ia(inii may
:i;:niiis( tlie Diitcl
nil: i.ivRs ■
Ilv
Pram Ik
I'liiler this sum
Ihe ingenious uuti
" Itnlllaneo of lt:i
wlial is fir more
pirh.i|«<, the expli
"il.'iiipnr.iries — (I
iMi; (hi'iii wi(h an
l"oli((le di.dnee,
i.Mine, why lliese
In reiiowu sliniibl
e'liiipaiiinnsliiii, ai
imiillil'i, kiiigi, .III
He liiia iiiade his
llie iieisl enlerlaii
niieeiliile und aih
Mr. \|, bus made
itiit iMiaii(lieiilieal<
II liltle tint |iiglil>
ia;i) Ih' fnrgiven I
,', The |Hwtig
1 lulf cent for oi
•'■r « grea(er dlsti
•hrK.
after which ]„
alkiil nut nftlir
in, or ralhir of
il nn thi' part uf
cr ill our whnli^
n to gn into tho
?ring thcin ciir.
hnpcl of JcniM.
nsly ili!in|ip(iiti|.
Lhnt would uitli
niie corner of it
in neermiary In
e of Chrixt, Ihr
em. On enter.
, an old wnniai)
' a mail, with •
, Uld Uie Uxly
nerren to Ik' no.
inre or ninrkyt
tiioHH to tANte or
nceoflnrgehnr
(rroiiiid llimr, ia
xna the merit nl'
like tlint nmtrr
xt tJie w|unre ii
remnrknlile nnrl
I! lower |Mirt m
niidin); with thx
he four cornern.
Her dimenKinns ;
I, in an oetaf;on.
iniidred feet,
in the eourve uf
f htiildiiifrn, n»t
iinon or oft n'
o n town. Thin
•i-B of plam dm.
ltotterdani,niiil
illeil, Iwfore thn
nn. The |»uiiit(il
Ktorien, and tlio
II feuturen of a
(.'alile of many
work, in elinrar.
are (reneraliy a
of noinieircniar
, nn the tiirkiil
nomitiiiicii up.
tlie eonlrnnt in
the Diiteli, or
rade. t)ne ot'
one ntntionecl
le, where all
the band ami
iiiee to ohm rvc
ipportinir till'
I II reinniiiiiiit
CI ehnreli, wu
ly tlii'y wen-
and no care.
i|; mid tnaif
iiHtid with the
d lip coat, tlia
inniann, the dif.
il of the aaine
an we have In'.
for the mill,
nil, hy prii|ifr
MVKS or n.lNDITTI ANI» RonnKits.
91
Blale of lietif
he ilitr of the
(jliUiiirhni il el
nsinittit in
rnitn.
the arterii'iiin,
loeoniinoilioiiii
iveninif on tin'
ind one alivi r,
that eniiiii tin
riv on a li vi I
way,
whli'li
the Inn! |Kirlr<,
n, the noil ii"
I ftirrown, «r
we iipproai II
IhiTii nide ol
I rniintry pnli
•rr huaily rm.
|i>ov<'d in the very iniil'-l of havinakini;, the uiieiit Krann
hnviiis iiiucli the ap|H araneeol'U'intf recently freed Iroiii
iiiiMier''i"ii in water ; yet at a nliort dintaiiee were vil-
liirin, willi their nrcoinpaiiyiiifj Ireen and their elinreh
n ir. Ml n in every dinetion.
' (III l.inilin;:, we liiiind there was a eonnidernhle deirrer
iir.ihirin ill < >Kleiiil on aeemiiil of a fiver that had hroken
.iMi in the 1,'arriniin ; and to alhiy the fears of the iiihahi-
Iniilii, a piililin iiotiee wiin (;iven out, statin); the few
(Icillis that liaii liap|H'iied, — hut which were no (rreal,
ih.'il il' they had taken place in the nuine pro|>ortion in
|<:iii|iin, they wimhl have (jiveii eaiise for apprehension
tliiit ell her liie pla)rue or the yelhiw fever or the cliuh'ra
li.iil ;;i.i anion:; us. *
l.illlc can In' said in praise of Osteiid. The town is
111^1 rnoiiirh, and looks lively, with itn painted lioiini « ol
ltc'iii, hhie, and yellow, which are the prevailin); eoloiim.
'fill inlirior luisin liir shipping is lnr|;e and conimmlions,
.1111I il iHirdered liy a hroad ipiay, which, hy the pra.ss
ii|iriiii.'iii|,' lip In'twivn the stones, indicated no overftiix ol
Ir.iile. The entriinee to the hasiii tliroilirli the outer cliaii.
ml anil harlionr in dillieiill, and next to iiii|Hishihle when
till' wiiiil lilown ntroiii; otf the shore. It is ilefendtd hy a
flrnii^ and regular fort, ill which in the citadel. (JrenI
liri'i'aiitioiin have Ini'ii taken ti. keep out the wa, hy
linil'-walern nf wooil and stone, lint chielly hy a nhipiiic
i;liii i" of stonework, on the lop of which in a pleasant
lirnininiili-, liaviiif; the nea iK'aeli and tho aaiidn chini
kni'.'ilh it.
We cinhirked in the eoinnion iteaincr, and in aixtcen
hiMin were landed on 'lower Hill.
While these nlieetn were panninj; throiijfh the prcns
iMrorinalion has lie< 11 received from llulland, that Kinp
Williaiii had rel'iiited to nonetion Huron Chanw'n eapitu
lilinii, HO far an it eonecrnid other forts than that of
'.iiUvrrp, anil the (leneral remained a prisoner of war
in the haniln of the French. Ily the lermn of iiilervi 11
iMiii n;;reeil ii|Hni, the French had no ri^lit to prnceci:
liirllK r ; and liaviii(,', moreover, ajfreed to evacuate llcl
;;iMiii, Ihiy had already eoinnieneed the retror;niili
jii..irh. 'J'liiis, though ..Vntwerp liiin fallen, Holland yel
ri'Iniiin ihe iiavi);alion of the >Scheldl, and the dinpule in
priili.ilily no nearer an adjustment, than when France
nnil DiiL'I'iiiil eiilin-il ii|Kiii the shameful njrcression.
'Ihe pn^iiiiern of war were on their march to Dunkirk,
to l»' kept as hi<sta|;eH for jsace, in eoliminn of IIIOO men,
iiili eohiniii e«eoiti'd hy a hri|;ade of French troops.
'I'll! ir nniiilH'r aiiiountn to In'twcen "(MHl and HIIIMI. In
Ilir iiu'uii lime, liniilnnd nnil France have undertaken to
n III w the war of protucnls with Hollniiil, and another
ii<;:><li:iliiiii may had to a necoiid warlike ex|irdilion
:i;;ninHt the Hutch.
Mil: i.ivRs AND Kxri,oiTs OF nANnim
AM) ItoilllF.KS.
Ilv ('. .M.ti' Fari.ank, Kmi.
Prom Ihr Idtndnn .Vnnthli/ Magazine.
I'liiler thin aiiinewhat astoiindin); and formidable title,
ilie iii)renious author of "('onstunlinople in IH-i!)," and
" lloiiianeu of Italian History" has contrived to (five us
"hill il far more nimnnlic and terrible, if we except,
ptrli.i|in, the exphiiln on a largrer scale of their illustrious
I ii.Miipcir.iries — Ihe rolilnr kinj;s and eoinpierors. View-
Mitf Ihein with an iinimitialeye, we can mi- Is'tweenthein
t'«i lillle ili-l nice, whether ill act or spirit, to nlmw any
iciiM', why thine brave tliiiii|{li h'ss legitimate elniiinnts
In ri iiiiwn nlioidd not aspire to the hniioiirn of hixlorical
I'litipiiiiioiinhiii, anil a place ii|iiiii the naiiie |Nii;e with
l«iiillll'«, kiii)ifs, ,iiid lyranls of every a;.'e or nation. • • •
III lein inii<k' his narrative, with noine cMcpliunn, one of
ilii- Miiist cnlerlaiiiinjr, nnil iniicli enlivened by |n'rsonii|
iiitriliiic ami ailveiitnte. • • • Take it fur all in all,
Mr. \|, han iiiade a pleasant work, out of dillerent and
not iiiiaiitheiiliealeil iiialerialn ; and if he have cnlourcd
.1 hull' tmi hiirhly in such (rroniid, Ihe amiable error
mil) Is' for|;iven him.
.', The |Kwti!ie on thin |N'riiHlical now in but one and
.1 li«lf cent for one hundred niilen, and two and a half
I'T a grrattr diataner, an it is imilormly punted on onr
•hf«l.
LIVES AM) EXI'I.OITS
I3anliftti nnDr lio!iti(V0.
IIY V. MAC FAni.ANK, KSiJ.
Aalliiir of " l'iiMiiiiiiiiiiin|<li' in I'^i'i," ami " Tile lliiniancc of
liallaii lliaiiiry."
In presentini; to our readern the first Aincri''an edition
of the foUiuvinj; work, it may not be irrevel.inllo remark,
thai the nurraliven are of very iineipial iiicril. .\ pari
of liotli voluiiies haviii); apparently Im'cii inserted willi .1
view to increasini; them to a required mimlM'r of iKipes,
without much reference to the amiisenient or inforinatiiin
of the purcbaner, and some of the talcn liciii); eiillated
from iHioks already Infore the public and well known, we
have omitted a small |nirtion, ritainiiii;, however, every
thill); likely to lie read witli zeal, or in fact that ia at all
worth |N'rusin|;.
In tiikinj; up Mr. .Moc Farlane'n work, ronniderable
henltation wan felt as to the propriety of inserting it in
the " Library" — itn value would of course de|iend upon
the maimer in which the siilijcetn were treated. We
have no wish to niipply a morbid ap|H-tile with tales of
terror — nor should we have finally decided on priiitiii);
il, had we not found, on a careful perusal, that Ihe au-
thor had taken care to procure only authentic materials;
and, as a chapter of the human heart, the histories areeii.
rioiiH and aireetiiii;, while an slirriii); incidenta tliey will fix
and inlcrent the ri'oder'a attention. — Ed.
(JKNKRAI, VIFAVOF HA.\l)l'rri AND nOIUlKRS.
There are few niibjiets tlinl intereit us more general-
ly, than the advcnlnriH of roblnrs and banditti. In our
infancy they awaken and rivet our iilteiition as much as
the Ih'sI fairy tab's, and when our happy credulity in all
lhliii;s is wilfully abated, and our faitii in the su|M'riiatii-
ral lleil, we still retain our taste liir the adventurous deeds
ami wild lives of liri);aiids. Neither the fulness of years
nor the maturity of ex|ierience and worldly wisdom can
render us inseiihibh' to tales of terror such nn fasciimted
our eliildliiMxl, nor preserve us from n " creepini; of the
Ih'sh" lis we read or listen to the narrative coiitninin);
the dariiij: exploits of some roblsrcliief, bin wonderful
address, his narrow escaiKs, and his prolon);ed eriniis,
SI aleil by niir own |H'aei'liil hearth. Il is aiiolher thill);
when we hear of these iliiin);n on the n|ioln where they
have just iieeiirreil, and may occur a|;aiii : tor in that
ease the idea that we may adorn a future talc, instead of
Iclliii); it, in apt to make attention too |iaiiifiil, and the
elTect priHiuired will !«■ tixi intense, and will exceed that
certain dcjfrir of dread and horror which ({ives nn plea,
sure in romances, traj;eilies, and other cfliirtn of the ima-
);iiialion. If we hap|Hn to In' well protected at Ihe time,
and have a tolerable eonseiousiiesH of security, then in-
deed we niny doubly enjoy these talcs on the n|Nit»— the
solitary heath, the moiiiilainpass, or the forest — where
the fads Ihey relate oeeiirri d ; bill miller );eneral cir-
euinnlanien tlie exphiiln of a I'lpc Maslrillo or a .Mazxa.
roiii will not la' a);rei aide 1 ntertniiiiiunt acrosa the I'oii-
tine marshi's or throii);li Ihe defiles of the yea|Mililan
iVoiitier. I remeinlN'r one dark nii;ht, in wliiili, with
iniieli diirieully, we liiunil our way from the Nea|Hilitaii
town of .Sm lierinano to the villn);e of .Hint' Klia, in the
IsMoni of the .\|N'niiiiii's; that when a friend (my own
eoni|iniiion) sudilenly stop|n'il and pointed out a place,
and told the story ol a roblsry, and of a priest's haviii);
Inen murdered tlierr a short lime In'fore, I eouhl not
help wlshiiii; he had kept his aneeihile until we were
oinsi his ill a plare nf nali ty — nor iiidi eil help fii liiii;
rather inieomforla' \r until a wliili -laced chu|M'l on the
lop of a little detif'hi I hill |;li'aiiiin^ lliri>ii|;h the oliacii.
rity, nhoweil lis we were near the villa);e we had Ir'Hi no
Ion); in nearcli nf.
Hut, lo reliirii to robln'r stories and their efl'eefn gvw.
rallv, it may I"' "aid Hint no n|ierles of narrative, exeipt,
|H<ilia|is, lliil of shipwrecks, produeesadi'e|M'r imptcnnioii
on|N<opleiifiill a),'i > and lonililinns. This conviction, and
the cnciinintanecn of my haviii|; panned a nnmhiT uf
yeara in Ihf louth of Itafy — the land of hr'{;andiam jmr
rxfrllencr — and of haviii); repeatedly visited the wildcat
[Mirls of that country, and [lonncnsiil iiiysvlflhereof soino
eiirioiiH iletajin, induce iiic to colleel my own materials,
and by unitini; them to the authentic ntalenientn of others,
to produce, for a winter cvenin); nmiiseinent, a sort of
history of banditti.
Ih'tore tlie reader proceeds fiirtlicr, I will warn
him, that he will not find my roblN'rn such rniuaiitie,
Ifcneroiis ehnrneters, as those that iM'casionally fi);iire in
the fiehls of liction. He will iiieet with men strangrra
lo that virliioiin violence of robliiii); the rich to);ive to the
poor. They );ive lo tho (sHir indeed, but il is an spies
and instriiineiilN of their own crimes, or at k'ast in order
to induce the pisir to reinaiii (mssive while they carry on
their work of depredation nt;ainst the rich. Il could
scarcely lie deeiupd grent liliernlity in men, who, fresh
from the cany plunder of a Ireaniirc, should scatter a few
dollars ninoii!; tlie needy |N'nsaiitry, but even lliesi' few
dollars are );iven from motives directly nelfish. .Anion);
Italian lianilitll, I never coiihl hear of a Robin llissl,
and still less of a refined luetaphysieal " RoIiIkt Misir,"
that lii);h-niinded, rnmanlie hero of Schiller, who ia
ilrivcn lo bold villany by the paltry, covert vicca of ac
eiely.
The effect Schiller's trn);eily of " The Robliera" pro-
duced on Ihe roinaiilic youths of InTiiiany is well re.
iiicinliered ; they la'came enainoured of a bri);aiiirs life,
and thoii);lit the loftier and more );enerous virtiien in.
coiu|mtibh' with a life of dull honesty and submission to
Ihe laws of Hoeiety, Hut the firaii idriil that deliiileil
them was only ideal, and in reality roblH'rs no more de-
liver Inucliiii); moiioln);ueH to the settiu); sun, than they
unite ele);anee and virtue with violence and );uilt ; and
when they took to the liirest and the wild, and levied
eoiilribntionn (as several raw Htudentii aitually did), they
must SIS1II have found they could qualify themselven for
the );aUows, williniit reaehiii^ the sublimilies of |Hn'lry
and m'litinicnt elicited by the fervid iiiiai;liiatioii of the
|Msl — who, he it reeolh'eled, was a stripliii); like llicm-
selves when he wrote " The RoblHrs "
The FolM'rcr minds of Hritish youth were never hd by
piny, iHM'iii, or nunanee, to such a diin);erous iinilatlnn;
but I can well recall the time, when, with otliern of my
own n);e, I fancied it one of the most romantic tliiii);M
|Missilile to In- a capli<iii of Imid banditti, with a forest
more h'afy than .Aruennes for my haunt, and a ruined
abls'y or casth', or inapproiiihable cave for my home —
with Ibnowcrs so true that they would rather die piiee-
nienl than N'tray their ea|itaiii or a eomraile, and Willi
the cnvialde/imi/f to every day's (sTils and ndventiircN
— of the jovial banquet, ihe son);, Ihe eliorus, and the
wild le);i'ndary tab', or recital of my own dariii); deeds.
Thin wan the dream of a Imy ; but iveii when I wan
I'lnancipated froiii the |ileasant enlhralments nf "The
Ilandit'n llride," and similar priMliielions, it was Uiiil' ero
I could divcnt hri);anilisiii ol its clokc of roiiianee, and
see it in its own horrible nakedness. In iiiv own |iarli.
ciilar cane, which I dare say in not n nin);iiiar one, the
charm of baiiditli romaiiee wan streii);lheni'd and pro-
loii);ed by the pielurcs of .*(alvator Rosa and the prints
from that grvnt master and from our own Mortimer; and
tliou);h I never wciil quite the len);lh of youii); frhiid,
who, on nceiii); for Ihe first time asavn);e, ru););eil inoiin-
lain pass, with a torrent brawliii); tlirnii|;li il, on tho
eoiifinen of I 'alabria, expressed a hurried re)rret llinl
there were not a few of such fi);ures as .Salvalor depict.
I'd, lo make it complete; still I rarely could nee sin h a
scene without faneyiu); nueli fij;iires, and an, Is'twecn
Sjiaiii and Italy, I wandered n );iMid deal in my youth, in
romantic neciiery, Ihe bri);ands by frispieiit nnnneiation
of idean Is-eamc familiar to me, and were invested with
all the picliirenqucness of nature and of the painlera.
In (his manner liny were still nomewhat ennobled in my
even.
Hut even Ihia minor det;reo of illusion bad ronaidrra-
bly g'lvm way to lime and exp«'rieiiee, and the ntories of
the vul);ar atroeilics of the banditti, which I had heard
ill .\pulia, the Calabrias, the Abruzii, and the Roiiian
ntntes, when chance brnu);hl nie in conlnel and in nafn
eollin|Uy with an ex.hri);aiid, whose aecoiinl of his own
ealliii); was well calculateil to remove Ihe fUgUl de);rrfl
of romantic feeliii); with which I could still retted on
Ihe banditti.
It may Is- remarked here, that nrh'sts and nionkn Imvn
not done half the minehiif which lias In en |M'r|s'trati'd by
ballad. iiion);i'rs, and story. Ii Hers, and |Hipular Iradltiiins,
thai have made Ihe adventures of fiiinniin outlaws one of
Iheir favourite and principal Mibpeln, and have ileneril«'d
them rather with an eye to effect, than <i> truth or ino.
rality. Throughout Italy tlipto bnllada and ttorica arc
4:'
V
ir;
»,<■
IS
«'
-1
'A
i
^' -'15
r
9-2
LIVES OV ilANDITTI AND ROIIIiKIlN.
I i"
f
I
uliiio^i ;ih iiuiiK-riMis UN acrfiniilH «>!' iiiinirlrs ftiid l(X'<'iiil>
fiT Nuiiil>. TIm-v 'in iiiiioiii; tin- lir»l limits li-iiriii'il in
t'liililliiKMl; llii ii ciiiilliiii.il ri IM lilimi riiiiiili.iriH's llir iiiiikI
Willi l.iuii ss (In il>, ivIiiUl liirir s|>iril iil' iiilvriitiiii' lias a
Nlriiiii; liiM iiiatiuii liir u vury Miisilivc uml vriy i},'iiuraiil
|«-..lilc.
" I., t wliii will iiiaki' the lawmif IhiToiiiilrv," nayntln
Si'dli h {Kill iiil, I'll Iclirr iirSiillniiii, " Irl iiir iiiakr Ilii- lial-
lail>, anil I will tnnii llir |h'ii|iIi'." A littlr ri'tlii'liiin will
hIiiiw linw inni-li is rontaiiii'il ill tliis rt'iiiark. W rri.- a
prniif ri'ijiiiriil lo Mi|i|M)rl il« I wmilil |Hiint to llir naliirr
ul'tlir t;rii< ral mil nl' Italian liallails anil tii llii^ iliaraclrr
III' llir Italian |HM|ilf. Ami wi.rr i a ilrsput an |iiitint a^
a Cliinrsi' i'iii|H'riir, I wniiM (U'rn-i' llir (li-Nlriirtinii (if all
(lii'ir liall.uls rrlutiii|r to liniranitisiii, and would )ii)insli
I'vrrv ti III r ot' u i^torv or a traililmn ou that niiliji rt — at
li'abt until llir roiintrv wrrr ri\ilisrd, wlini tliry ini^lit
Ih' "said and >tiriir" witli no itinrr r\ il niii:4t'<|iiriii:rs than
ntliiid tin- !>iiiaini;or n rital ol'" .lohiiiiii; Arnislroii!;," or
" 'llir hold lioliiii I loud," ainoni; lis.
'I'lir L'nal ruiliM rs nrronntiirs arc yiiiir road-inakrrs.
A .M,ii' Adiini ill Calaliria would do more in Mi|i|irr.ssinL'
lianditli than Iwiiily saii^iiinary tiuMriinrs, stnli as llir
llir I'riiii'h ( Mill ral Maiilii ?, w Iiom' {uorri iliii[;s I shall
Innr orrasioii to drtail. W'hfrrxrr Lrnod rniniiiiiniratinns
liavr In III o|i( III d, llir lirii.'and'- li.ivr (.'raihially w illi-
ilra\\'ii. This I havr srrn inysrlt'iti Calaliria, in Apulia,
and in tlir AI>ru/./i. That lliis indml ffiinilti Ih- Ihr rasr
will strikr r\rrv ImkIv, hilt it is so in a ilr^rrr wliirh laiii
hardly hr nniliTsti.od hy thosrwlio havr not sirii it. 'I'lii
sijjhl III' a iirw liroad road si riiis to prodiiir thr sainr Ih'-
wiiiliiintr, tiriilyini,' iinprission on an Italian rolilar,
thai till' iii.'iKiral iiiirrur id' KuTuirro did oil Ihr ryrs ol
Ills rnrrilirs.
1 rriiii iiihrr oiK'r having: to pass n district (not llir
from Tai. into, thr am ii til Tairntiiin; whii-h had loni.'
lioriir all iMt'.iiuoiis rrputatioii. Itn s|«'akiii); to a (iriillc
man ol' thr rouiitry, hr as~iirrd iiir tlirrr was now no
grounds tiir apprrhrti^ioii— that thr i^oxrrninrnt had
I'uiislird a .\liiiilii iitnini tlirrr iMonlhs Ulorr, and ihul not
11 ^iii<;Ir rolilirrv li'Ht Ihi-ii hr.ird ot' siiirr. Indrrd, I ill-
iiiost in\<iri.dilv oliM-rxril in Iravrllin^ in thr prmiiirrs id'
thr kin^'doiii of N'.iplrs, that thr spirits ol' my jruidrs or
mnlitrrrs r' \i\rd as wi raiiir lo a hit ot' nrw road, and
lli'il tlh'V spnkr of it as a lia\rn or>arrty.
llopiiiL' thi-r lirirr)rrn( ral cihsrrvatious may not lia\r
rali:;ui il tlir rradri's p.itii iirr, I shall now prorrnl to thr
niMsi aiiiil'-iiiL: 'ind aiitlirnlir iiarrali\rs of liandilli I ran
rollrri, Ih t),'ini; him to U'ar in iiiiuil thai rohlirrs, likr
thr lirriM> Ih I'orr thr tiiiir 111" llouii r, arr frnpH nlly lost
in nlisr(irit\ — that history has disiiainnl lo rrrnrd ihrir
r.xploil'', which arr only to U- rollcctrd in the si-cncs
^vhich witnessed tliciii, and iVoin tlic occasional urromils
oftran llcrs.
Tin: ui>iiiii:i{ <>i riiK aiiuiz/i.
"Of no avail," says the cxcrllrni .\ca|K)lilaii historian
Itiannoiic, " was the horrid s|H'clacle of the lorliiies and
ill ath of till rliicf M intone ; iSir very shortly aOir the
kiniiilom was dislmls d hy the incursions of the famous
.M.irco Sc iarr 1, w ho, iniilaliii^' Manonc oft 'alahria, called
liimscif > III ihllii ('.i/n/»;i';i(i,' or ' Kini; of tin op, n coun.
try,' and ass, rli d his royal prcrojjative at the head of six
liiiiidrcd r^lilicrs"
ravciured hv liis position in llii! iiioiinlains of the
.MiniA/i, and on the eiintincs of aiiotlicr i;ovcriiiiient —
the papal slates, which lor many years liiive heen the
promised I Mid of hriir.indism — this extraordinary rohher
attaini (I the hijriii si cniiiieiiee in his prolission. Ills
hand, so formidalilc in il-e|f, always iiclcd in eoiiecrt
with olh. r li.mds of liandilli in t'le Hoiiiaii states ; they
aiili'^ c.ieh othi 1 liy arms and council: and in riseof Ihi
Itoinaiis 111 .iil; pre~«eil on Ihcir side, tlicv eoiild always
ret real aero«-lhe froiitiiT line to their allies in the \liril/./i,
while, in the same pridicnment.lhc Ahriiv/esr roiildelain
the hospitality of the wnrlliy Mihjeels of tin" |io|ic.
The same cirnnnslaiiei-s have strcn|rthcnnl the han
iliiti ill our own diys. and rendered the eounlry lielwein
Terracina and I'onili. or the t'ronlicrs of llii' papal slat
and the kin^'doin of Naples, thr most iioliirioiiii dislrirt of
all llalv for ruhlMTs.
Iliil Mirro .Siarra vviu' iiiorcnvrr lavoiirril hy olhrr
ein iiiiistancev, uriil he had the i;rasp of niiiid to eotnpn
licnd their im|>ortaiiee, to nvail hiiiiKcIf of them, mid I
raise Iniii'-clf lo the irraileof n |Hililiral partisan — |H'rliiips
he nimeil at that ofii piitriol. His nalive country was in
the hands of Ion inner", and most de-{Kilic illy i.'o\crncil
liy viceroyN from S|Niiii, who wvrv ircncrally detesit d hv
the iH'ople, find frcipieiillv pliiltcd neuinsl hy tlic nohililv,
wlio, iiiHlCHd (ifiiiiKtfitini; to put down thr luutuicili, uuiiid
aft'ord them ooimleniiiicc and protection, when rci|uireil,
in their vast and remote cst.ites. A (.'nat part of the rest
of it.ily was alinosi as liailly ^'overiied as the kiiit;ilom,
and consi'ipii ntly full of nialtontents, uf iiirii nf desperate
liirlimes, who, in innnv instalic.'s, forwnrileil the o|MTa-
tioiis of the rolihers, and not mil'reipiiiitly joined their
hands. An aeccssiiai like theirs added intelli^'cncc, mili-
tary skill, and political kiiowlcdjri., to the caHso of the
rude moimt.iiiiri rs ol'lhr Ahru7./.i.
In Ihr roiirsrofa liw monllis alli r the di alh of llnie.
ditto .Mant,'iine, .Marco Si i.irra had eiimmittcd Midi ra-
va;;es, and luailc himself so loriuidable, that the u hole
can' of the (rovernnicnt was nhsorhed hy liiiii, and ( very
means in its |Miwcr emplnycil I'or his destruction.
In the sprit,;; of l.'iSS, he had iclrcalcd willi liis hand,
iM'forc a force of ;;ovcriiniciil triHips, into the .s!|:ii. s of the
t 'liiireh, w hicli the \ ice-royalists could not invade w itlioul
the ]M'riiiission of the )hi{h'. In the month of .\pril the
yiceroy, Dontiiovau di i'.uniea < 'onle de Miranda, applied
lo the Holy Sci for an inimcdi.itc renewal ol' an old I'li/i.
rniiliiti/, hy which tlu' i laniiii^sarics and the tniops ol
cither ^oM'i luiicnt were aiitlinrisi d to have tree ingress
and egress in the Nca|Hililan kini;doni and the papal
states, lo piusiie rohhcrs,crossini; tin t'is|Hctivc fionliers
as nihil as iiii^'hl he necessary, and hy which the two
stales were pled;;i d rceipmcally to aid each other in the
laiid.ihle duly of siippressiiiL' all liaiidils, •'^ixtus VI.
eomplied with this n asonahle riipiest, hy );raiilin;; a
hreve for three months. Iiiimedialcly the triHips of the
\ iceroy .Miranda eiosscd the frontiers In pursuit of Sci-
arra, who, heiiii; properly iiitoriiied hy ninncroiis friends
and spies of all that passed, turned hack into the kintrdom
iiIhiuI the sanie lime that his enemies ipiitted it; niid
avoiilini; the pass of .\ntrndoro, vvlirrr thr Spaniards were
ill force, he vvas siHin safe in the luounlain.
The riihher li.id the synipatliics of all tlie pcnsantry on
his side, and found iViends and ;;iiidcs every where. Not
so the Spanish commander in pursuit of him, who did
not Ic.ini wliercilioul he was for several days, when soiin
I'uuilivi' soldiers hroii;;lit him wind thai .M.ireo Seiarra
was in the kin;;diiiii, and had jii.sl sacked the town of
t 'elaiio, cuttini; to pieces a tletaehiiient of troops Ihiil had
.M rived lliere. The Spaniard thin rcenissed the frontier,
hut nearly a whole day iM'fore he reached the ciiimlry
alioiit Celaiin, Seiarra was a};aiii lieyond the hordcrs.
He had now, liowcMr, eonsidcralilc diirieiillics to en-
counter. The oMieer had left a liody of hold iiien hcliind
liliii in the papal states, and these had Ih'cii joined hy
several coniniissarics of the pope, who each led a liunihcr
of soldiers, and carried wilh liiiii his holiness's coininaiid
lo the fiithliil, not lo h.irlioiir, hut to assist to take the
Neapolitan haniliiti wluiever they mif;lit Ik'. Sciarr.i
had not cvpcetcil so forniiilahlc an array on the side ol
lioiiie aiviinsl him: he was several limi s hard pressed
hy the troops, hut llie |M'asantry, spite of the iniunctious
of the siicccs.-or ot' Saint I'ctcr, slid coiitliiiied Ids faith-
ful friends. The historians who relate these evciils,
cs|,. . illy reeord llial, wherever he wi nt, the rohher was
kind ill eonvcrsaiion and i;i'iii roiis in action with the
|Mior, i;i\inL', Imt never taking; from llieiii; and paying
Iiir whatever his hand timk with iniicli more rctrularity
than dill the ollicrrs of tlir SpaiiisJi troops. ( 'oiisripinilly
hr was aihisrd hy soinr |«'asaiil or ollirrofthr apiin>ai h
of rvrrv Iiir, ot' rvi-rv amhiiscade ot' the trisips, ot every
inoviiiHUt they made: and he linally escaped lliem all,
ki epin;; two forces, which inii;ht almost he called armies,
at hay, the one on llic Unnniii coniine, the other uii tin
\e:i|Hilil.'in, lor iiioie than a week.
He llieii threw hiiiisi If hack on the mountains o!°
Ahrn/zi, where, hy kccjiiiiy; hiiiisi If In the most inae-
ccssililc places, Willi his men seiitlered ill the most op.
portimr s|Hils, and ret;iilar sentinels slalioniil and jruariU
distrilmti il, he had iuvari.ihly tlie adviinla^c over the
eiiemv. Indeed, whenever the Irisips niusterctl coiiram'
to approach his slroii^ holds, which he was in the lialiil
of ehan^rint' iVeipiintly, they were sure lo rclitrii eonsi-
dcralily diiiiinislied in iiunilicr, nnil vvitlioiit the salisl'ie.
lion, iiol only nf killiii|;, hut even of seeiiiu one iil the
rohtiers, whose nripichusses iViiin Ih-IuiiiI rm'ks, or the
shelter of forcslN mid thiekcls, luiil so sure an niiii.
.Six mouths )>iisseil — the soldicrK were Worn out. The
Spanish olViii r, who first led thci.i on the iim less liiiiil,
was deuci in eonscipicncc of a wound reeeiveii rrom the
rnhlH'rs. U'inler approaehid, which is fell in all ils
rigour on the lolly Mi ak niount.iins of the Ahni/./i ; the
eiiiiimissaricK willi flieir men, on the oilier siilr, had loiiL'
since nlnrncd to llieir lionics at IJiime ; and thr viee.
rov*s |H'ople now went to till irs at Naples.
Allcr these Iramiaelions, Alareo .Seiarra vvas <lccmid
nil hut iiivineihli' : hin I'ntno nunjt in sninn Hnrrn of Iwl-
lulls, (i|ronL''hriud lii« jirfligt In lli» ry'i of thr \wn-
anfry : his hand was n.diiforccd, mid he was hi) to i('i:r||
1 liiiiLT, at least of the Abrii/.zi, mid undisturbed for iii:iiiv
UoUtllS.
It WiiK alHiiif this time that the rolilnr idiiel''8 life \\s,
ornaiiieiilcd with ils lirii;littst episnile, .'Slarco and |||i
merry men had cnnie suddenly on u eoiiipaiiy of IruMl.
liTH on the road Utwecii liiinie and Napk s. The rulj.
hers had hei;uii to pluiiiler, and had cut the ouddU -).'irtl,ii
ot'thc nudes and hor.ses of the Iruvcllers, who hud h|h'i(1iIv
olayed the rohbcrs' order, and lay flat «ii the earth, nil
save one, n man of a striking and ele(;iiiit appearaiue.
" I'aeia in terra !" cried several of the robbers in llir
same breath, but the hold man, liecdleNS of their iiicnaciH,
only slcp|H il up to .Marco their ehiif, and said, " I iim
Tonpiato Tasso." " The |K«;t 1" said the nililHr, niiil li.
dropiM'd on his knee, mid kissed his hand ; mid not only
was Tas.so saved from hein;; plundered hy the iiii r«
mention of his iiaiiie, but all those who were Irayt llinir
with him were perniilted to iiioimt their horses and enn.
liniie their joiimey without suslainiii); the loss of ii siiiirlr
sciido. .\ very curious proof this, that a capluiii of ban.
dilti could t'oriii a jiisler and more ;;i'iieroUs notion i.f
what vvas due to the iiiimortal, Imt then uiifurtuiiatc |mh|,
than could princes of royal or imperial liiieaf;e.
Tlieviceniy was stun;; to the iiuick by the failure of
his e.xpi dition, of whose siiecisH he had laeii so ccrtuiii,
that the court of ,Spain was t;iven to understand thi ii
kiiii;doiu of .Napk's h;id iiothiii;; more to fear from the
incursions of baiiililli; that the head of Marco Sclarrn
would soon decorate one of the iiiches in the Capuiii
gate. Hut Miranda was ii limn of energy, and in I.VIO
he reiiewi li his altcnipt to cMcrmiiiate the robherH. I'oiir
Ihousaiid men, IicIhccu iiilanlry and cavalry, inarcliid
this time into the .Miruzzi, under the roniinand of Dmi
Carlo Spiuelli. As the Ahrii/./ese |«>asaiitry navv tliii.
toriiiiilahle army enter their pastonil dislrietK by Cnstrl
di Sani;ro, and traverse the mountain llat, " the plain uf
live miles," they whispired "The will of (lod be done !
hut now it is all over with Kin;; Marco!"
.Marco .Seiarro, however, had no such fears : but caiiic
iNililly on to ail o|h n baItU'. Wilh his increased I'orii.',
he tlinvv himself upon Spiiii Hi in the midst of the viie-
roy's troops, which were presently disordered; lie vyoiimliil
with his own hand the proiid Hon, who turned and llcil,
but so seyerely wounded, that he was well liiiii leuviiii;
his life in the iiiouiitains vvhither he had Kone to tain'
that of Seiarra. The snldicrs followed their eoinmaniiir
as Ih st they could, bavin;; the roliliers tJie full triunipli
ofthefi. hi.
.M.irco .Sciarra's courui;e and audacity were now in-
rnased a lumdrcd-liild. He faiKicd he eould eonipn r
a kiii<;iloni ; he invaded oilier provinces, and niarchini;
across the niountains of the .\bru'/.7.i, he traversed iIium'
of the Capitauata, sarkiii;;, yvllhouf ineelin;; wilh op|>ii.
silion, the towns of .Serra Capriola mid Vasto. Nor did
he slop lure: for he desceiidid into the vast plain ot
.\piilla, and took and pill.i;;i d tin' city of l.uccra, a ver\
eonsidcniblc place, situated near the cdyc of the plain.
The bishop of l.iiccta, who Ih d Iiir refuse to one of the
( liurcli lowers, was iinliirliinately shot, as he preseiiliil
himself at a w indow or lisip-lioh' to see what vvas pnssiiic.
Without hein^ molrstcd by any attack of the ;roveni.
■ Ill nl troops, Marco Si iarra's band leisurely rilunnil
fmni this extensive pn datory excursion, loiidi d with
booty, lo their .-Miruz/i moimlains, which nvirlimkiil
Uonie, will re tin ir iiitirprisiiiK chief rem wed his katia-
vv ith the banditti in the si ales of the pope, and cneourn^iil
111' 111 by the llatlerlnt,' picliirc of his splendid surcesscv.
Itiil he had allies inorr inipoitanl and di;;iiilied tlaiii
Ihese, The inililies of slates now U'caiiie iniicd up willi
his fall'.
.Mlimso I'iecolomini, n nolilciiinn by birth, but one n(
the many des|M'ralc revoliilionists Itnly has Ih'cu fcrlila
in the production of — a rebel to his soverei;rn the ;rtiiiii|
duke of Tuscuny — bad tied to Venice, where he obtaiiieil
service as a Noldicr of lorliine in the army with wincli
that n'|iublie was then nasliiK war with (he I'srocelii.
This man was em hauled willi the htand Seiarra liiiil
made against the fHipc and the viecniy, iieilhtr of wliinii,
at the time, was in ^ood ndoiir at Veiiiee ; mid he indiiciil
the cnifly senators lo wink at his correspnudin;; willi,
and liivoiirin;; the hold Abnizzcse, if he did iiol even dn
more, and (work in;; nil their pabnisicH nf the |Hiwcr nf
the Spaniards and of the |hi|i<' in Italy,; |H'rsu»ile tlieiii
to assist the outlaw tbciuHclves with miiiiey and anus.
Marco .Seiarra was every day ;;ailiiii^ importance ninl
Blrciifth hy these maiio'uvres, whrn a rtirioUH chanfi'
tiHik place. Here I i iilreal nltrtition to Hie vindiclive fed.
inus, the iiltiT want ofjiriiiciplc, of decency, flint inarkiil
the prorerdiiijH of princrs and potrnlattK in Italy in
flion; day.
I
I 'I'lie i;ranil
; viii:;diil [i'd
mailer of en
Vem liaiis ill.
; fcrvici', hut d
; mini. Hut
' i.'ik'iit, and an
services.
Marco Seii
priiposc a bri;;
nil till ir wars
Mini did I
I'iri'iiliiinini.
e.ir 111 these
iiiiilil ill ly tin
|ii\iil llieir pr
ri (iinii d a bai
C.ipi. or bead
iiiiiit. The
lis llie duke
sen ice, and
iiilii file snares
put liiiii to a
The oli;rarcl
Hill In invite
the war ii^ai
|iri'seiit, turiiei
linil .'it Hist dii
where he wai
IniiL', hoH'cvcr, i
wlni had so ma
severe liis.s, mill
I'.lst \l hell l'o|Hi
or inure aelive
sliari'il all the
iij ii'u'.irded the
{iiili ill his stall
i.-iii Ahliihran
rotiiiiiission.
liy a siumlta
in-criiy's troops
liii~, »ith ahsoli
Ai-ipiaxiva, rouiii
iiiiil M'ly adiiiiri
li'iiipli'd, and wit
Ml that wild coll
loiii iliatc Ihc art'
Ml insulted and o|
in iilliec, and the
»i II to their em
tiiri', ahstaiiied I'ri]
111' iniilatcd the e
for uhiilevcr the
|ihiiits of the aisiT
iiOi iliiins and licl
I'liiispind with h
lunihlli whom tin
\\ illi llicni, as ;;ii
iiiv-lrrirs and nri
'I'lius deprived t
liv .Vliliibraiidini i
till' iitlicr, Marco I
laaile III hiiii hy f
II |il the rank and
Klillliavr II ;rht
"I'll rtorfli liaviny
n'iuihlii liirtheirei
niilMrkcil with six
I'livi rs,miil, turiiin
i>|| the .Vdriatie to
iirsano wns infori
I'lrsscil his stars II
iiin a siihjccl, am.
riliiriii'd to .'Sapli
Il ph.
Hut the expafrii
III III!' niountains i
il'ii I HUP U'alhcrrd
Miiiiccd operations
«lnli' .Marco and
•I'liarics served flu
'"ilisf.icliiiii, eorres
liiiliii'. ^lareo's yl
'il 111! ir body was i
»w liiiucnlcd by I
•'ti'iivcs of ahsenei
«i iif yore, in the ii
III' had now be
'urn siidi's|M>rati' li
iln'iltvrs, llint iHiopI
Lli." Ilia loiiflf ill
\-llS Icll to lllirii
iirlxil Ibi' iiKiiiy
rhiofi lilV wai
Miirco 011(1 Ilia
ii|i«iiy ot" Iriaol.
H>l<(i. Till' rcilj.
lie 8ail<ll(-)!irll,8
»lio liuil »|Hi(iily
111 till! oiirtli, ,'ili
il ii|i|)i'uriimr.
J riilJIitTs ill llir
if their iiinwns,
111(1 Kiiid, " I am
ic riililHT, niiil h'
III ; mill not unly
1(1 by llic nil ri.
1 «•( ir triivt lliii^r
- Iiorscs iiiiil (-(111.
ir loss (if u hilii;lc
H (.'ii|iliiin (>riiaii.
luTiuis notion i.i'
iint'urtiiiiatu jioit,
lincii)!('.
liy the fiiiliiri' m'
1 Ihcii «o ccrluin,
undcistiind tli(ii
to liar Ironi Ilic
il' Miirco Stiarra
s in tilt' ('ii|>ii,iii
Tgy, ami ill l.'ilH)
[lie rotilicrij. l"'"Ur
ciivalry, inarcliid
■(ininiand of Dna
tisuiitry saw tjiin
iHtrictti l»y ("nstcl
lut, " lla' plain ul'
ol' (!od l)f done!
i!"
I fi'iirK : but came
I incr('as((l lorcis
midst of the vice-
li'ri'il;li(' Wdiiniliil
o tinned and I1( il,
HI II ni(fli U'ttvini;
iliad froiie tu talie
tlieir coininanili r
N lliv full triuni|ili
[ity were now iii-
iie conUI eon(|ii>r
s, and inareliiiiL'
■ traversed tluiM-
(■tin;; with o|i|«i-
\asto. Nor dill
Itlie vast pliiin (it
il" l.neeru, a verj
[litre of tlie plain.
Hje to one (it the
lis lie priseiitnl
[vimt was passinc-
I' I lie (.riiveiii-
isiirely rduniiil
on, loaiN (I witli
•jiieli nnrlinikid
II wed Ills lea;;iic
, aiiilen('(iura|.'(il
lleiiilid Biieeessc".
I (liL'iiilied tliiin
iiiited up Willi
lliirtli, liiit one n(
I IniH Uin I'erlili)
treijin llie praml
lliere lie (ilitnini'ii
j-niy uilli wliiili
III (lie I'seocelil.
lull Seiarrn liail
lieidiir ot'wiiiiiii,
1; and lie indiieid
ftespolidiliK » illii
■did not even (In
lot' tlie iniwer 111
(K-rsuaile tliciil
I'V iinil iirnis.
lliii|Hirttinee ami
IriirioiiH eliiini'i'
' \iniliiti\e til 1
ev, tlint niarki'il
Li'tii in Iliily III
MARCO sriARRA.
9:]
'I'lie ijranil diike ot'T'iseiiiiy, entertaining the most re.
viiiiteliil li'ilinirn n(,'aiiist lii» reUI sniijeet, made il a
iiiainr 111' iinh'i'"'y i'"! deirradinit supplication to the
viiir tiaiis that they would not only dismiss t'roni their
►rrviee, lint •'''i**' ""'■ '■■'"" ''"''■' "'»'"■"• .'Mi'onso I'ieeolo-
iiinii. I'lil riecoloniini, it was replied, 'vas a iii'-.;i o!
talent, and as u soldier they weri! well Bii<;.,ried with liis
Kcrvices.
Mario Seiiirra, the Alirnzzese (he did not hltisli to
l,ri,|»Ma liri^jniidl) wastlie better iiian orthe twotoenrry
,111 till ir wars ii(;,iiiist the I'seoeehi, rejoined the diikc,
ulinillilall he eonid to make Iheni siibslitnti' him li>r
I'liiiiliiinini. The Venetians, however, turned n deal'
,.^,r 111 these representations, niiil the Tiiseun ri liicee
,'iiiilil (Illy the wrath ol' his sovereiicn as loiiir as he en-
.iniil (liiir protection. Hilt in an evil hour I'iccolomini
riiiinnil a haiiiihlv, if not an insiilliii}: niiswir to the
Capi. or heads ol' that niysterions, s,in(;iiinary (.'ovcrn-
iinnl. 'I'he senators of \eiiice were uhiiost as vindictive
uf ihc diikc of Tuscany ; they (lisiiiis.se(l him from their
HTxii'c, and ilrovii him out of their states — when he li II
imIo the snares laid liir him by his own sovereign, who
Mill liiiii to H viok^il death.
'I'lie olifiarehy of Venice then tliniight of Sciurrn, nnd
Kilt tu invite him to their »crvi(-e. He was to prose(-ulc
(he war aKainst the Hscocchi. Hut Siiarra, for Ihc
iirisi III, turned ns deaf an car to their proimsals as they
had at tiisl done to that of the i;ran(l duke's, and reinaincd
will re he was — the bird of Ilie .\brii/./.i. lie was not
loiiL', lioHcvcr, in tindin^ that in tlii' death of I'iccoloinini,
wlm had so materially assisteil him, he had sustained a
SIM re loss, and Seiarra's liirtmics were still more over-
insl will II l'(i|)o Sixtiisdicd and was siiceeedcd by u iHtlcr
iir inure a( live |K)iititr, ( 'lenient VIII. 'I'he new |H)|
uhari il all the licliiiirs of the viceroy of Naples, as I'ar
as 11 yarded the baiiditli, whom he dcliriiiincd to extir-
|ia|r ill Ins stales. To this end he despatched tiianfran-
iiMii Alil.ilirandini ayaiiist llicni, Willi u iicmiainnl
niinMiissiiiii.
Ilv a siiiiiiltaneous inovcinent n birirc body of the
viicniv's troops entered the Abru7.7.i. The coiniiiaiiil of
till-, willi absoliile |«)wer, Has (riven lo Don Adriano
Aei|iia\i\a, count of ( 'onversano, a nobleman of eonrayc
anil MTV aihiiirablc priidcnec. 'I'he first tliiiid he at-
li'inpli'il, and wilhiiill which little indeed eoiihl Iw done
in llial wild eoimlry of mountains and forests, was to
ciini ill lie the iilVections of the peasantry, who had liecii
Ml iii-ailled and oppressed by nil his .stupid preilce( ssors
Ml iillice, and the soldiery, that they could not hut wish
wi II lo their enemies, the robbers. 'I'he count, ihere-
r.iri, alislaiiied from (piiirterinir his troops in the villaircs;
ill' jinilaled tl iiihiet of Scinrra, and made tlieiii pay
I'lir wlialcMr llicy consiiincd; he liuleneil to the com-
|iliiiilH of Ihc iijiLirievcd, and at list he so v'aincil on the
. aifri linns and liclter principles of the pensants, that they
(iinspiri il with him liir the i xtcriniii.ilioii o',' the V( ry
lianililli whom tlicy had no oI'Icii }:iiiileil and concealed.
Willi llieiii, as i;uiilc.s, the soldiery had now a key lo the
iiu>l( lies and rcc('s.scN of Ihc inininlaiiis and tiircsts,
'I'liiis deprived of the prolectionof I'ieeolomiiii, pressed
liv .\lil<ibriindini on the one side and liy ('onversano on
if ilii r, Marco Seiarra was faiiilo rcllcct on tlicteuiler
laaile III him by the Venetian senators, nnd filially to ae-
(r|it the rank and M'rvi( e they otrcred him. They iiiiist
■.lillhaic llioii;rht him and those he coiilil briiii; w ill; him
well worth Innint;, liir they dospatelied two irulliys of (he
ri'iUiblli tiir their con vcvance. In these ships .Marco Sciiirni
niiliarkcd with sivty of his bravest and most attached tol-
liinirs,aii(l,liirniii;;liisliack(iiiliisiialiveuioiiiilniiis,s;iih'il
ii|i l!ie .Vilriatic to Venice. As sisiii as the < oinit of Con.
irrsnnowns inforincd of the rolilKr chief's depnrliire, he
I'li'iiseil his stars thai the kiiiirdom was ipiit of so danirer-
liiH a subject, and tliiiikiii|r now his hiisini ss was over,
nlnriiid to .Naples, where the viceroy r( ceived him in
liiniiipli.
Mill the expntrialinir tinndit left n linitlicr lichind him
111 llir iiioinilains ol the Abril7./,i ; and l.iiea Seiarra, in
■I'll liiiif (ralhired (oirclher (he Hcadcreil bands, niiil coiii-
iiii'iiei'd operations anew with considcrnlili viLrmir. Meiiii-
uinli' .Marco ami his men, who In Iheir ipialily of sub-
•I'liarii's served the Venetian r( public very niiieh In its
vili>laeiion, ciirres{Min(l('d Willi their titrmcr coniradcs iil
Imnii'. .Marco's vlnrv could not Ih' forKottcii I The soul
"lllnir body was at Venice — ivery thiinf id' im|Kirtnnec
Willi fuiiieiited by him, nnd he freipiently cmploycil his
' liaves of iibHenee" ill \ islliiiK them, and leadini; llii in.
think so himself, when, landiii); one day in the ninrehes
of .\neona, belwii n the iiioiintains of the .Miruz/i and
thai town, where (he pope's eoiiiinissary .Miloliraiiilini
still riinaiiied, he was met by a certain llatliiiii llo, to
will"!;, IIS to nil (lid liillnwer, his heart warmed— with
|H'ii arms he rushed to enibraee him — and received a
traitor's t\:if:i;ir in that heart.
Ilattimello had sold himself to Aldobrandinl, and re-
ceived liir himself and thirticii of his t'riciids, a free
pardon from the I'npal (;(iverniiieiit tlir his treachery.
Kor some years after (he death of .Marco Seiarra, tin re
was n pniisc in his proUssii n, whose spirit hnil expired
with liiiii. Other times brought oilier robbers, but his
fame has scnrei ly ever Imcii eipialled — ik ver surpassed.
Till". DHllJA.NDS (II' ( AI.AliRIA.
Such was the iiidi.mltalile spirit of llic( alabrian", lli.il
when kill},' .Miirat was at the exiri iiiily of their peniii.
siila with a liiriniilnblc l''i'( neb and .Neapnhtan army,
with which he was to bent the l')ii|;lisli anil take Sicily,
they a(;aiii revolted and rose in his rear, liis eoiiiniiml-
eatioii with the capital was eoiitiniinlly inti reepted, nnd
he was obll^icd to detach several battalions I'roiii his camp
to proceed n^ainst the liri;;aii(ls, nnd keep the roads
o|Kii. The author of the lii tiers upon Calabria, a rreiich
ollicer, as one who had experii nee in these matters, was
ordered lo march back, and lie tinned his eyes with deep
rej;rel troiii that islniiil of Sicily, of which the I'reiii h
iiiaih' so sure, but which liny wire never to ijet 1 When
hearri\c(l in Ihcdistriil of Cn^trovillnri, wlileli is sitiial-
eil nt the enlrnnce into Calabria from the side of the
capital, he tiiiind the whole country in the hands of the
brii;aiiils, or iiisiirt;ciits. The iiihabitanls of the villages
borderinj; on the mountain of Canipolcm.'^e intern ptnl
all coniniiinie.itioiis, and phniilered all the money liir-
warded to Ihc eaiiip, mill ss it was prolielid liv a \eiy
powerful escort. < )iir author's baltnlion si I nliniil occii-
[lyiiii; the iiKMiiitaiii p:i.--ses with iiiliiiii lied posts. Tl
service presented );reat diHiciillies in coiiseipiiiiee of the
nature of their |iosilions, nnd the eharniirr of the iiilia-
liitanls, which was still inore wild nnd li r(i(-ioiis llinii in
till- otlii-r parts of Calabrii ; and, inori-over, the |-'ri nrli
were not nt all iiiipiainlKl with this part of (he pi-niii-
siil.-i. The tirsi place they halted nt was .Marmano. Mere
.ill scciiK-d (|iiii t ; but at iiinlil three soldiers liaviii;,' jxone
out I'loin a ehureli where they were ipiartcn-d, were at
once piiniarded. Tlii- syndic, or prineipnl maiii.strnte,
and six other liadiii;; ehnrnelers, were arristed, and be-
cause they could not, or would not (liseoV( r the nss.issiiis,
were iletaineil as prisoni rs. I.eavin;; biliiml a body of
troo|is in a convent as a point of ri Iri-nl in case of iieid,
the niillior of the l,i llrrs anil the list of the I'n ni-li sit
liirward lo scour the iiiMiryiiit villairi s. They traversed
some fri;.'lilfnl luounlains and yawninj; t;nr>;i-s. Tln-
conlinnal drend of nmbiisende made tin ir mnreli verv
slow. 'I'he old, the sick, and helpless alone were linnid
III the misi rnlile villages throiiijli uliich llii y p.issed ; all
the rest lb d at their approach. It was necessary lo
know wliere these were assembliii;; ; and to this ciiil Ihc
iiilTanced /.ninril seized two li roeioiis IiHikin;' Ik iiijjs i ni-
pliiyeil ill tending; Hocks, r(-iil savajics, whose mountain
jariron II was nlniosl iiiipossiblc to i-onipr( liciiil. .'\l>er
threalcninir these fellows willi ilcalli, the Kreiich Kin.
Iriveil 111 liiirii from llieiii t!,at n (riitlicriii}.' of sevrrnl
thousnnd men wailed their approach in a dchli' wliii h
tlnv niiist iieci ssarily pas-. The I'n iieli nihaiiecd with
rapidity, and by ninkini; n ili tour, liirciiit; their way
tliroii|;h alinosl iiii|H'rviiiiis woods, they ennie, iinexpi li-
ed, on II miillitiide of peisiiits who wer(- IviiiL' on the
ifround, nmst of tliiin fast asleep, and nil withoiil order
or prepnralioii tlir deli nee. .\ volley set llieiii to llit'lil,
killini; and woiiniliii!,', lioiMver, some of them. The
rreiieh pinsiicd lln iii at llie bayoiu-t's point lo n deep
dell, at the exlremity of which staiiilH tin- \illat.'e of ()r-
soiiiarzo,
"It Hoiilil Im' cvlremely diHiciiII," says the nutlinr of
the 111 Iters, wliiiiu I leave to iiarrnle (his Inst and most
ilesperati- of his nilveiiliires in Cnlaliria, " lo iiiee( with
any situation more siililimi Iv tcrritii
ver have thiiiii;lil ot* tixiii!^ their alinde in such a plai-c*
I'Ik- path which lollows tin- ( (iirsc of (his torn nt is cut
tlirou<;li (111- ruck ; ami it is imjiossil'lc to i nt;a(;e in any
inlliel Ihere with safely, unless the hi i(.i|it> nre ( ntirely
inimnndi (I at the sanii tiiiie. .Mli r haviiit; |,>iiar(l((l
the principal intrance of ibis savafje n treat, by a d( tncli-
iiicnl placed on (he (op of (lie only mi.tiiilaiii oil uhieti
a Isidy of troops could be slalioiieil, but wlneli. uniirlii-
iiad'ly, w s rndii r too I'ar dislaiil, we went down the
i^iilf, to ( >rsoiiiar-/.o, to look tiir |irovi-ions, never oiii-c
int.-1'..rttiinir dial the peasants, wlioiii \\r li.iil so lat( ly
roiili (I, would \enlnri lo show- llieniM Ives iii;niii, diirini;
111, il (lay. We liiiiiid the \illa;;c ipiilc drsi rli d : eurv
tliini; in il indieatid the preeipil.itioii with wliiili lln-
inliabilaiils had lied Iroii: llnir home-. The doom
of the uri'.iler pari of the liabilatioii- Here h iile opi ii,
and He found in tin lioii-i s provi-ions of ('V( ry kind.
\\ lull- we Hi'i-e cmployi il in colli i tin;; n 'lii K, .. hi( li
-boiilil M rve IIS liir SIM ral days, we hi aid some -liot-t
tired, and at the same instant the surrounding moiiiilains
were (ie( iipii d by a iniilliliiile of arniid nun. The ilr-
ta(-hiiii III slalioniil nt the cnlranec of IIk d( file li.'iil just
Ill-en nitaeked, and obli^'i d to abntidon its position, niter
liaviii;; II y iiien killid and woiiiided ; at the moiinnl
H'c were ndvanein;.' lo its asi-islaiicc, il Has iilihj.'i d to
turn tow, irds the villa(,i(- Hilh the iilmost pn cipitatioii.
The |ieasan|s, who were in (-los(- pursuit. Ii.iil nearly es-
tablished IJiemsiKi s bctiirc us, so a-< to i ul otV all i -('n|H*
from Ibis eiit-throal abyss, H here He wi re all noH i roH d-
1 (I toiicthi r Hillioiit any hope (ifbiin;; able to (ip( n a
passaije on that side. The ili t.-icbmi nt llieii hastened to
'he oilier iiiillel, where il was ii'( livcd with a slioHcr of
sloiii s, and ( iioriiioiis pii lis of mcl; hurled down from
the lop of till' nioiinlaln. The latli r erii-hi il In liire inv
lyi-s tHo >appi'rs and a drumiiii r. Si i ini; iImI we could
not encounttr our murderous assailants in this p;t-sa;5e,
Hilhoiit the ri-k of iitler deslriielioii, we came lo the
ri soliitiuii of bazardiii;.' I \ery Ihiiii; else to p sine f.ur-
'm'Ivis from lo dreadliil a siliialion. Halls wire slioHi-r-
ed ii|mii us on all side-, and lie- pii rein;; screams of no.
nil II Niiiiiidcd horribly in our e::rs — senains wliiili ,-tp.
ri il to ns thoM of tin- riiries inipalienlly Haitiii;; the
111 least
e, and Ul
y of despair.
The
IIiIh
upon our bli ml.
• rii-Iii d low arils
rill li;:hl (oiii-
torrcMl iiiider a slmwi r oI'IkiIIs,
'liiiilM d up the sli cp side of ii
inecssant tire cit' the liri::,'UidK
iss; nnd at b ii"tli IIksc brave
I m (if yore, in the more lia-/.ariliius
ofti
K ir enterprises
He had now been heard of ho loii|r — his deeds had
to ilesiierale bill Hiieecss(iil, he had eHca|ie(l no niiiny
rs, that iHiopleconcliiiled he must Im ar "n charmed
llm loiiir iiiipmiity iiiiKlit iihuost liuvo mudu him
1
inoiecnt when they were
drimimers beat Ihc ( liai^
liilal spot with the cm ru
pany havinij eross( d lln
nilli exlicmc dillieiilly '
niounlain, win nee the
eaiisid us eoiisiilerabl- b
men siiceeedcd in opening; a passa;;c liir us, Hliicli iio-
lliiiii; but the most despi-rate in ccssitv cdiild render prac-
licable. The moniciil we ^'aiiii (I tin liiiijhis, our sol.
lii rs, 'ibsoliili ly furious, rii-ln d nOi r tin ( al,iliri,iiis H illi
all Hie inipetiiosily of rani'. 'I'jic tircip r part of them
scaped, but a iiiiini rolls ;rroiip assi mbli d on Ihc pninl
if a rock were iiiassacri d on the spot, or perisbidhv
IliiiLMiii; IlieinscKcs down the prei ipiec!i. This iinfortn-
iinlc check has cost us upnards of sixt\- nun; and,
moreoM-r, iiiiiny ot' us have wounds and eoiiliisions, and
balls llint nil- not yi I evtraetid. We marched dmni!; a
part of the tiii;ht on our return to the convent nt Mor-
maiio, beliire tin se piasaiils illie most ditermiiKd otany
H-e had yet ( neouiilered in Calabria eoiild bale Itiiir (o
inleri-i pt us. \\ I- ciiti red the town to the Ik at of drum."
The I'n iieli always iiiaki- the best of tin ir ri xerscs,
and IK ver ackiiowli ilt'c a difeal j but here, a(-( online to
the otrieer's own fliowin;.', they were soiinilly In nli n ;
and if credit is to be^iveii to some people of the ('(iiintrv
I have heard s|K'nk on the subject, the atliiir at (trsiniinr.
/owns still more s(rious than In has n pr('s( iili d il.
This Has slioHii, inili 111, by tin ( Ili el prialiici d. The
ill-urn elioii -priail. ami the comniaiiik r of tin hatlaliuli
wa- obliHi il to 111 ir liir riiiifori-i'iiiciits.
Hill shortlv alii r tlii-. Mural, ictiirnin^' liiinibled fniiii
his vain-clorioiis, llitilc nllcmpi on .*iii ily, li,i\inj,i- emliark.
1(1 III the litlle port of ri//o,» to en cp iiloni; slion- tii-
Hiirils Naples, was dri\eii by the Hrili-li i riilsi rs imib-r
the liatlery if Cirella, hIucIi place, only n ti-w day- lie-
forc, had bei-ii attacked and iiearh lal.i n by the Caln-
tliaii till
III cxlrnordiniiry
lies eniriilphi-d. Siir-
rouiuled on all sides by iriLraiitie iiiounlaiiis, terininatiii<.'
in eonieal points, il seems, as it were, placid nl the hot.
»• spot when' this vilbu'i
toiii of a vast w( II. 'I'he disci nt
is by 11 steep lliulil of
klll;ia
steps, liillowiiii; the windiiiKs of n torniit, which riishi
down with n loud roariiii;, and tiiriui uraiid eascades.
This torn-nt runs tlinniifh the Nillauc, Hheiice, lindinii
vent ill the luirniw eleO of ii rock, it tirtiliscn a line
well cultivated country, which presents n most strikin;;
coiitrust Willi the horror liuipind by this hideous abyss.
Il (ipiicarn iiicuiai ivulilc liow uiiy liiuiiaii Uin>r« could lihilii'''D'V'ii|iiii
if tl
Here he eonimiiiiii, lied with the loniiiMindaiit
IC station, our nuthoi's sii|M'ri(ir nHic( r, nnd
avm}r
praised tin' i-nnduet of his tnsips, sniit that, aMcr llircc
Il Has al lids iilnrr Hint .Inmlilni Mural was Inki n iiinl slml
H III II III- liiailc III- iiillil tilli iiipl III ri ua
iil'iliini.
\ I \ ( r H «
tii.iilni HI i'i|tiiil lo Ills Inn. iiil' hi I iiliilni.'i. h liiie. el all |iiiil'> nl llii
I'll mil Hll- liin>l llliiiMllulllv lli'llhli'il. I nnr II lliiH 1
111' liail lli'i II llir liilOi si nt 111! Iiravc, ,11111,11,1 Hltlinillnv l-.lllll
anil .'iniinlile ipialtlii'i<
III II 111 III ml nil Mini tl I- ill mil ni it iln
lie niel »l|li In llie lililiv i niinvinl nl llie ciinl n! l'l,»n » lii'ii ,
null' llinrt' lllllii II li'lll lllli I till'
. I shHill nil III!' «|sil Hill ri' till
till. It Hiii« 111 liM luiMii^ pii'siikil ovir iliu loiil extiiiiliiii III lln
f' "' '•'•l.yi
,' ■' n
t
■ -i
.j
';{|i
V». Cj
. .liii!
fA
! I'll
;rp
H
\r
94
MVFil OP BANDITTI ANI> ROnncitR.
%
.Xr,
r I' '*
" ■: ■ ;
' i'Kv
I'*
I'
it:
I V.1,
' 1
I
n
yi'iira' Imril atTvite in such a country on Culubriu, it wok
ni|;l> (>■■•(' tlicy hIkuiIiI clianKC quurlcri*. lie nindu a cliii-
ractrristic ririiiark on tliu uiilbrtunatu buiiiiiciw of Uriio-
niurzo, — " Why ilid ynii go down into that cut-throat
place .' — iluwcrrr, you cunic up ajrain like brave t'el-
lows!" nnd then, ax 80on a» tliu Ungliiili trij^utCH let him,
lie continued biit voya|;u along 8hore. 'I'he autlior of the
Letters and his eunirudcH Bonn went alter Murut, follow-
ing the movement of the army which returned to Naples
by land ; and he expresses his natural delight to lie at last
released from a wretched exile, and from a 8|ieeics of
warfare which oft'ered neither glury nor promotion, and
lel\ nothing in tlie end save ilisustroiut chances.
On turning his liack on the mountains and brigands
nf ( 'ulabria, of which, it must lie eunfessed, he has given
IIS wiine interesting details, he informs us of tlio French
plans for future prucrcdiiigs there. " Kxtrjordinary niea-
■ures of s«:verily are now to be resorted to — measures
unfurtimately rendered necessary by the deplorable situa-
tion of the eoiiiUry, but the execution of which will al-
ways lie repiigiuint to Frenchinen. It has been clearly
proved, that, iiolwithstanding all our courage, activity,
and |M!rst'veraiicc, still we contend witli great disad-
vantage against men born in the country, lightly armed,
supiHirted by a part of the jiopulation, and accustomed
from their infancy to shoot with a deadly aim. 'I'hese
considerations have induced the government to resolve
U|M)n adopting a new system, according to which tlie
troops are only to be employed in coiii|ielling the inhabi-
tants to extir|iate the brigands of themselves, under |tc-
ualty of being regarded as their accomplices and abet-
tors. For this pur|iosc,ten thousand men arc to be spread
over the two provinces," iVc.
And this new syst4.>iii was, indeed, soon set at work,
and these extraordinary nieasures of severity soon de-
luged Calabria anew with blood. In tlic French lienerul
IVIanheti, Joachim .Murut found the very man to HU|ierin-
teii'l or direct tJH'se m,i«saeres en mtitif, and tlie C'ala-
brians the most ruthless enemy that had ever liecn Ivt
Ioom; ii|ion them. I have heard stories in the country
that would make humanity sliiidder — for the sake of that
officer, flic is still living,) I hi)|K! these were untrue or
immensely exaggerated. Yet it remains undisputed, and
lias even licen admitted by those who served under him
or with him, that .Mimlies was a cruel, pitiless man to
the Calabrians, the |M'(iple of the Abriizzi, &c. and acted
up lu a sysleiii of blood without once relenting. No
nurcy was ever exieiuled to the outlaws who lell into
his hands. Villages, wlioli' towns, through which the
inhabitanis had allowed the brigands a |iassage, felt his tre-
iiiendou.s veiigeajice. Any |M'asaiit, without distinetion
of sex or age, who was found going out (o lalwtir in the
country, with more than u small llask of wine and a
morsel of bre.id, calculali'd to be just sufficient to sii|>-
|Kirl lile for one d-iy, was taken and shot ; for .Manlies,
having made pretty sure of the towns and villages, whence
the brigands could no longer supply themselves, thought,
if he could prevent the |M^usan(ry from smuggling out
provisions to tln-m, that they must either surrender tluMii-
Helvcs,ordieof want in the mountain fastnesses to which
he had driven them. If an honest man concealed, or cor-
res|K>iided willi, or aided the esca|H; of an outlaw — no
matter, were it Ids own father, or son, or brother, he was
forthwith executed. On one occasion, when a condeinned
brigand hud esca|ied from the capi-lla, or chafirl, where
it is usual to place criminals the night lielbre their exccii-
tiou, he shot the priest who had Is'en with him, alleging
that he must have aided the rohls-r in his High!.
Uy iiniisiial severity like this, Manlies boasted he put
down brigandism in Calabria. The boast was [lartly
liiac'e out by fact.
THK VAIJDAKKI.Iil.
Tlircc brothers of this very reR|ieetable name enjoyed
■ higher and a longer cclebiity than any, even of the
I'llaiirian banditti, and may, |H'rhaps, Ihi entitled to the
rank of the first brigands in modern times, of Naples —
i. c of Kuro|M'.
Ilitlicrto their deeds have not met witli regular histo-
rians ; but the following an! among the stories regarding
thcni, which I picked up in Ihi^ country. 'I'hey may Ix'
roMsidered as eontcmimrnry records, tor when I collected
them, llie brigand brothers were alive, and pursuing their
vooatinn with ndinirable activity.
The Vardarelli were of the superior class of iwasantrv —
Snnd catholics, nnii faithful siibjeets of his Majesty t'et-
inanil IV, — at leost, so they styled tlieyiselves, when,
during the French occupation nf the kingdom, irritated,
some ssy, by Ihr oppression of the fnreigntrs, they took
(o the mad, and levied contribulioiit, allrr th« mannir of
their loyal coimtryincn in t'alabriu. They did not, it is
true, confine their o|ieratioiis to the ilespoiliiig of the
French and the officers of government — but then the
mass of the Neapulitjin nation Ix'came iiit'ectcd with
(-•allic principles, and untrue to the legitimate king —
consequently amenable to tlie vengeance nf tlic Varda-
relli, as long as they had any tiling to lose.
The birtli place of tliese heroes was said to lie some-
where in the mountains of the Abruzzi; but the s|iot
where tliey first made thcmseUes known as public cha-
racters, and which their exploits rendered famous tor so
iiiaiiy years, was the valley of the Itridge of linvino— a
long, narrow pass, through which runs the only road
Irani Naples to tlie vast plains of Apulia, tlie province of
liari, Lecce, iVc. I |iassed by the I'mitc di Ilovino early in
the year IHKi, when tlic mere mention of iU< name caused
tear and trembling. I have liceii there several times
since ; the last time in Ih^ i, when the vigilance and
severity of (iciicral del Carretto had di'Corated it with
the heads and inangleil quarters of some half dozen of
more modern, hut less conspicuous brigands. It always
struck inc as being an admirable place for rubbers — a
circumstance equally |ierccptible to tlic |icople of tlic
country ; for though they have ct:ased since the days of
tlic Vardarelli to form organized bands there, they have
never failed de trms en trmt to lie in ambuscade,* and
commit robberies. The pass is in geneial steep, and in
some iioiiits very narrow ; a deep ravine, through which
frotlis Olid roars a mountain stream in tlio winter sea-
son, is on one side of the road — hills covered with trees
or underwood lie on the other. In its whole length,
which may be about liltcen miles, there are no habita-
tions, save some curious caves cut in the face of tlie
rock, a |>ost-liouse, and a most villanoiis-looking taverna,
where, as I shall piesently show, I once passed a night —
and that, too, when my head was full of Mrs. Itadeliffe,
and banditti, and I quite new in the country. In sonic
places the hill and the wo(hI, or cunci'aliiig thicket, is so
close on the road on the one hand, and the ravine on the
otIiiT, that it is really quiU! enticing. A shot from the
one, and the man's business is done — and there yawns a
dark, cu|iaeious grave, to receive his body when deprived
of what it is worth. And then, as regards security, who
would follow the ex|ierienced robber through the inoun.
tain wood, or down tlie ravine, or be able to trace him to
the hiding places and holes in the rocks that alsimid
there / Across the mountains he has a wide range of
savage country, witliout ruads — without a path : on the
other side of tlic chasiii the localities are ei|iially favour-
able ; here he can, if hard-pressed and long, throw him
self into the im|K'iietrablc forests nf Mount (iargaiius,
there into the not less remote and safe recesses of Alontc
Voltur.
Over tlic narrowest part of the valley, situated on the
summit of a lotly aiifl abrupt mountain, frnwn the dark
walls of the town of Itovino, like the castle of a H'udal
chief — the more honoured roblx'r of earlier times.
In this valley, then, the Vardarelli remaine<l for many
years, and many years will yet pass ere the travelh-r shall
traverse it without hearing stories alsiiit them. During
the short reign at Napbw of Joseph Bona |>arte, these rob-
bers were so Ibriiiidable, they so entirely comnianded tli<
valley of Itovino, that rarely could a coin|Miiiy of travel-
lers pass without U'ing stop|M'd; a government olliecr. a
government mail, or the revenue from the provinces,
never without a little army for an escort. And all these
troops were at tliiics unable to afford protection, but were
themselves Is-ati'ii otl', or slaughtered by the brigands. A
journey to the caiiital from the Apulian provinces, was
then to the |N'aeeliil inhabitants (always, U^ it said, rather
timid travellers) an undertaking of solemn iiiijKirtunce
and peril; Is'tbrc embarking on wliii'h, not only were
ta|M'rs burned under every saint of the eiilendar, and
every Madonna that could show a tmrtrait, but wills
were made, and such ti'arful adieus, that one might have
thought the Val di UoviiKi the real valley of death, or
that the wayfarers were a forlorn 1io|H' going to storm a
tbrtrcsB, whose walls were cannon-ball and gra|K'-sliot,
with gunp'iwdi'r fur their cement and their base.
Joseph lloiiajiarte once went through this |iuiis to visit
the provinces of his kingdom, sitiiated lieyond them. An
innienst! force went with him, yet tliu roUlK-rs were
* 'I'hi' isiniiliiiiei lirrr liave n'wnv-i a ili'i.'»iihilirni,llinliilauelii
(II run iiltiiiii a titiniliHl yiinls nlirnil <tt Uir tiitr^.s, unit lit liurk if
III' Ml' ur •rriit nnvlsidv liiiklii|f iii iir ilie nmil, TIh'w <I<i|s art- salil
11) 1)1- ri'iimrksltly kuro nnd snuncliMi^, If iIh> puniIIImiis henr ttii-ni
liaili, llii'V turn lls'lr Inirncs' Iii'kiIii and |inlli<p linrli, tmiri' iindir-
wi'iit n ri'lriiurnili- ini>n<in of lliU win, niiil I ui'vrr iriivi-llril mi
lail In my lil'i', as ilie lam linn' i lelniiioit ttininiili ilie Val dl Itii
vinii, wllluhf IVIncf D'l ,ln llirmlildlsur tlif nl|hi, Hnlie
of thf sirrnl, Ih' pnalllliin tvlin ncenin) to tw in ■ rcvrroralTrijIili
^llp|<cd hia hor»w marly sll lli* nay
heard to sa^ atlerwards, that huil they known of lU
movement in lime, they would have reinliiieid tlini
troop with some other bands from the iiKiiintiiins of lU.
fcilicata and Calabria; pounced upon the king, and, (m,(j
willing, carried him nlF, through the provinces just niinidl,
to Sicily, to King Ferdinand and the Fnglish. Tin,
might have liccn a mere bravado. The cxeiMilion nf tuili
a plan wniild have been a splendid episode in the aiiiiiiia
of brigandism.
It is to be remarked, that ut this time the French run.
lidently asserted, that the brigands here, as well as in
Calabria, were protected and subsidised by tlie lirlli<|j
goveriimcnt, ami tliat the rublur chiefs at the I'onte lii
liuvino were in (losbcssiun uf eniiimissiuns signed hy
(Jeorge III.
Joachim .Murat, who snreeeded his brother-in-law,
whom Na|>oleoii chose to translir to Spain, was a man r.i
more energy than Joseph, and with iiiKnilely less talni
contrived to render his government more popninr, uiij
indeed lietter than his iinmediati^ predecessor's. He m i
to work vigorously against the mbbi'rs, whose party woi
weakened as lii.i gained strength, and as the naliuii ui
large gradually U-licved that the dnminion of the Freiiih
was this time to be an enduring one, and liegun to fur-a
old Ferdinand.
The excursions of the robbers were clieelieil, or liiiiil,
ed ; they could no longer range whole provinces, but at
tlie Polite di liovino they were almost inexpugnable ; aiul
such were the advantages of the position, and the tahnu
of the leaders of the hand, that they continued to levy at.
casional contributions, and to elude all the vigilance of tlu
nuineroua getiB-d'arvierie and police scattered over tlir
country. At times, when they liad not licen heard of li.r
weeks — for ninnths — they would suddenly Intercept llir
governnieiit proc»cfiu, or carry nlf a |>arty nf truvellrrj
(known by Iheiii to Ih' |H'nple of substance,) to tlieii rt,
cesses in the mountains, where they would ditaiii tlirm
until ransomed.
All event of the latter kind I had deserilsd to mc iit
the not distant town of Foggia, by the Marehesa , :i
native of the place, and one of the heroines of her uku
tale.
A marriage in the family was to take place — an im-
|Hirtaiil marriage, which, it was detennliied, iVciin varic.m
considerations, slinuld lie celebrated at the cupitiil. .U,
cordingly,lrter due preparation, every thing was reailv
lor deiNirture : — bride and bridegroom, fathers and inr,
tilers, eniii/inirs and commaref, brothers and sisters, enii.
sins of both genders, relations of all degrees, and friimlt
— a fnrniidable caravan (numerically speaking) of ilsilf,
set off one tine morning from Fnggia, with a vulnroiu
escort of Nea|iolitan gens-<rariiies. They crossed tlic
ii|M'ii plain, they reached the IViite ili IVivino^thc rili,
Is'rs had not Uen heard of for a long time — all was ipiicl!
The |ieoplc at the pnst-hoiise, near the bridge, at the ninuth
of the valley, gave the most satislactory accounts — and on
the partv > cut. They went as tar as llie most convenii'iil
spot III ,; roblicr'a attack, but no liirther; tor there tlic
cries c. ,■ ■ ti.i Munssiiii," "/nrciii in Inni," were liraiiii
the niounti ! gens-d'iUiiies turned their horses' heads, uinl
gaMopiM'd oif, and in the next minute the whole liiiu ui
carriages was surrounded by the briganils, with llirir
long guns ill their hands, and their knives in their liclu.
'i'he general practice of thesi! robbers, when no iiinrc
than iKTsonal s|Hiliation is cniitemplated, is to niuke tliiir
patients lie down on the ground, and then, while one ail
keep watch over them, with their guns doulde cnckcil
and aimed at them, another set prisecd to rille tliciii.
Hut now the sufferers were surrounded by a |H>iti(ii ol
the robbers, and mari'hed up the hill's side into liii
woods, where they waited until the "other gi'iillriiicn"
hud unpacked the carriages, und brought up the valiin
hies. They then all set otV together, and alter a niarrli,
very fatigi^ing tn the Fnggia gentry — particularly to Iha
jHinr ladies, tliey hailed at a large, low hiit, in the miiiiile
of a thick wimhI. They were t'nrced into the hiit, wliitt
they I'oimd a group of women and ehihiren, and n rii|.'ii<
ill the dress of a Capiicliiii friar, playing ot cards uilli
an old Is'ldam, There were two or three long Is-iichn
in the hut, anil on thi'se, trembling and exhausted, tlia
IHirty sut down. Their apprehensimis were of a vrrf
iinrrid nature. They expected suinething wnrso tliin
rohlH'ry und captivity ; iiir many nf the banditti bcfran
to drink wine, and to hnnniir the Indies of the party willi
their very particular ntlcntinn. My friend the Marclaia
was a younger wnnniii then than when 1 hail tht
honour of her aeqiinintonee ; the bride was \ery hanil'
some, and more than on* of the bridw'i inoids werr, tl
leaiil, young. Just, however, aa tin ir alarm was rcnili'
ing its most rxniiisile point, a nnisc was hrard willioiil
the hill, and to tlic suund* of Hon d'ai tnnn, Don l^'iio7i<>,
I'l
rtl
luu iiieii, be
of the robi
Tlicy were
'$., Iiuiiiaiic as|
\ iatiirniant a)
I for liiiiiself
^ " Vnu linv
(die of the cl
. (Ill' tiiitliful s
.Marcliise ex
lii'^gcd he III
und eontiime
" We kiioi
" and that
ilelaiii yon he
anil returns w
This, to sa
|irns|KCt. Tl
lliat the o)H.'
pcrlbniicd iiiil
aiicc of a sing
aanlly of inuti
ing a whole si
iiut of the que
iif ducats to
|iros|«^ct lor
suddenly he
lie tliiiugh) he
I'lu'sa thought
linked, sonicth
f III' threw his lo
ti»k the lAIarcl
u'as I raetano, i
had Is'liavcd wi
A tier a prop
l,iins aside, am
His clmpiencc '
rliicfs told the
iniiflit continue
tl) what had Is'i
ihcy had alxjiit
ninong the nihb
«n it should bt
The gciitlenien
lost, Isgaii en
Ihcriiwlves of I'v
the eyes of the
|ia.<sliig their ha:
wiTc ciinccalcd-
'I'lie young liridt
tcn,ieious of a [
patii'iit, brutal ro
liullud at thciii, II
lliin indecorous d
«')ril, raised the
Willi treinenilous
"laiitly fell lielpic
llic blow.
'I'lic fellow lltt
"llirr liinid lo tin
I milled il, and si
'"'ling, perhaps, I
iinnging himself
ujicre he was sur
'I'lic travellers t
I apirils much ligli
' li.igt's were found
' al'Jiig which two i
I •««'«, secure in lb
"Hicofthe eniptj
lired packiiig.cas<
»(ll iiiider>tood, (
•I'Yf at the I'onte
'file |Histilions a
Iwlcd, after a littli
I'l'i.v that, from tli
In llirni by (Jaelaii
iniirmy, and Iheii
J^ilT'inra Marehesa
«l I'lr as merrily
l"»»rds Ariana.
r>uring the reiiu
(littined liiinself li
''aljliria, where Irii
li'Mlic extirpation
railing with great!
"iiMsliinees. Man'
I'liltlleir aelsoferi
'■"nliniiPd lo Is' ihi
ifsifia nig.ht and «
'"'HI llin rarrivcra
TIIR TARDARKLM.
95
: known ot' iLi.'
ri'iiiiiiK'i U tlicii
iniiiitiiiiiH cil' Ita.
; kill);, anil, iii4
ii<'<'!< jiiHt niiiij((l,
Kniilish. 'I'liia
xiTiitiim of kuili
idv in till! aiiiii<U
' the French rem-
rr, UH wi'll ns in
d by Ui.' HritlMi
at till! I'linli' ili
jsiuiu signi'tl liy
IS l)iotlirr-in-la\v,
nin, WDH a niiin <•[
inilvly li'Hii taliil
lorn populnr, urij
■ci'Hpnr's. Ill' Ml
, whose pnrtv »ai
ax till' nulion lI
lion 111' till' rriiicli
ml Iwjjaii to fiiffil
chcnkid, or rniiil-
provincod, hut at
inrx|><i),'nablc ; aiiil
nn, ami tlif talinti
n(intii-<l to li'vy (if-
Lhc vigilaniT of (lie
sciittrnil over lln-
,t l)Ci'n hi'ard of for
Jonly intrrcepl llw
jKirty of IriivilliT!
it:inri',) to tliiii rir.
ivoulil (It tain tliciii
ilcNrrilHil to nic ut
c Mari'lii'sn . t
uroiuca of her own
tiikf plnri'— nn im-
niini'il, from variiui
nt till' capital. Ac-
Iry thine wan riaily
|ni, fathers ami nir-
rs anil sistcrti, cnu.
il.gri-i'K, ami friimi'
!i|ifakinj;) of itsilf.
ia, with a valnrom
Tliry croKHOil llic
i lli.vino — tlir rib.
'inif — all wan iiiiiit:
hriili;r,althemoutli
ry nciountu — ami on
lhc moiit conveniiiil
;hfr; for thtru llie
Irtiii," wiTi'lirarii;
ir horses' hcaiU, «tii!
till! whole line I'i
ti|ranilit, with llii""
Inivcii ill their belli.
, m, when no iimni
:eil, is to make lliti'
itlii'ii, while one wt
iins iloubli.' eiiilieJ
■eed to rillu tlicui,
[led by a imrlii n ol
ill's niile into lli«
other pnlli iiirn'
fiiUht up the valan
nml ttller a niuroli,
partieularly to On
hut, in Ihemiililif
^nto thf hut, wliHt
flilren, and a ro).'"'
injf nt rnrilK wWi
|liree hm(; Irnclm
iml exhaimted, tin
.. were of n vrri
■thiuR worBU than
lhc hnmlitti bepin
• of the pnrty wuh
iieml the Mnrelii"
In when 1 had Un
lie wn^ \ery lianii-
'• luniiln werf, »'
niarin wb» rearli-
in* henrd willie"'
tano, Don Ijiioiiii.
l,vo men, belter ntlired, uiid of superior mien to llie re»t
of the robbers, entered the hut — and all was silent!
TIh'V "'*■''•■ '"'" o*"'''" s'''*.'!"!!. Encouraged by the more
liuuianc asiH'it of these men, the liusliond of mine
iiiliiniianl approjielied them, and lirgged for protection
for bimsi'lf and pnrty — the ladies joined in his entreaties.
" VdU have notliing to fear, Signor Marchese," said
,,110 of I lie chiefs, " you arc in the hands of gentlemen,
till' faithful subjects of Ins Majesty Ferdinand IV. The
Marelii'se expressed his satisfaction at the oBsurnnec, hut
i,i.|rj;rd be niiifht be allowed to get out of such comjuny,
mill eoiitimie his journey.
" We know you, Signor Marchcso," said the chief,
" anil (hat you can atford a good ransom. We must
detain voii here until one of your servants goes to Foggia,
ami retiuna with it to a place wc shall ap|>oint"
This, to say the least of it, was a very uncomfortable
iirosiiect. Tiic day was declining — it won impossible
that the ojicrations reipiired by tlie robbers could be
irrlbrincd until tho morrow, and there wan no appear-
niice of a single bed ; the hut smoked, and smelt unplea-
santly of mutton, fur the women had commenced rooHt
ill)/ a whole sheep, wool and all ; in short, putting danger
out of the question, and witliout calculating the number
of ducats to be disbursed, it was a very uiiconifortablv
pros|M'ct fur the Marchese. He was feeling all tliis, when
suddenly he was struck by tliu bronzed visugo of a man
ho tJiouglit he had seen before soincwhcrc. The Mar-
cliosa thought so too, when told to look at him. As she
looked, Boincthing libe a tear came to tlic fellow's eyes ;
ho threw his long gun in a corner, and, crossing tlic room,
took the Marclicsa's hand, and respectfully kissed it. It
was *>aetaiio, once tlieir servant, a man to whom tliey
had behaved witli great kindness, ^cars before, at Foggiu,
AiVt a propiT recognition, tins robber took the ea|>.
t.'ilii.s aside, and talked to them with great earnestness,
His oliK)iiiiicc was eiTeetive. A minute or two after, tlie
oliiofs told the Marchese tJiat he and his eoin|)aniuns
iiiiifht continue their journey, uller leaving, in addition
to what had lieen taken from the carriages, the property
tliiy had almut them. There was a little uiurmuring
ninong the robU'rs ; hut it was the will of tiie chiefs that
•n it should be ! I'heir voices soon iin|io8ed silence.
The irenllcmen and ladies, glad to be off instantly at any
I'osI, Is-gau emptying their |H)ckct8, and miburdeiiiiig
thoiiiselves of every thing, save essential clotliing, under
till' eyes of the banditti, who contented tliemselves by
|ia!isiiig their hands over their (lersons, to ftel if nothing
u'oro eiineealcd — ^just as a custom-house olFtecr may do.
'I'ho young bride, however, witli all her fears, was very
loiiaoious of a pretty pair of drop car-rings. An im-
paliint, brutal rohU'r, stretched out his brawny hand, and
pullod at them, until she shrieked with pain. Uii s<'eiiig
i\m iiiilecoroiis deed, one of the chiefs, without saying a
noril, raised the hiitt-end of his musket. It descended
witli troiiiendnus force on tlic rullian's arm, which iii-
slaiitly fell helplessly by his side. It seemed broken by
Iho blow.
The follow uttered a cry and a horrid oath, laid his
nihrr band to the knife in his girdle ; but he merely
liiioliod it, and slunk away to the farther end of the hut,
t'c'olin>r, perhaps, how injudicious it would lie to atti'inpt
nvoriiring himself on a eiiief, and in nucha place as that,
wliiTo he was surrounded by men devoted tu him.
Tiie travellers then descended the hill, in matter and
ii|>iritii much lighter than they ascended it 'I'heir car-
iiii|!OH were found where they had left them on tho road,
iloiig which two or three |>casants alone were riding on
asiK«, secure in their own |>overty, and indilTerent to tl|e
wtiic of the empty earozze, and broken lioxes, and seat-
tcrnl packing-eases, they had just (losscd, and perfectly
will iiiiiler.-'tood, for such Ihings were common in tiiose
ilivs at the I'onto Bovini.
Tliu |Mistilions and drivers were for tlir mnst part col-
IkIoiI, after a little delay ; the chief's ossurG^vwe com-
imiy that, from the reputation of " hrava goMi^' given
lo llioni by (taetano, lliey were safe for the rest of their
loiinioy, and their return from Naples even ; and
^ii,'ii(>ra Marehcsa and spouse, bride, bridegroom, and all,
•rl otf as merrily as could he ex|iected, up Llie fiass.
Innards Arinna.
During the remainder of the reign of Miirat, who was
lii'ilinod hiinself lo ho put to dentil like a brigand in
t'abhria, where Iris oftieers had eommilted such cruelties
riirllie extirpation of liamlitti, this Imnd prosecuted their
lalling with greater or less activity, according to cir-
iiiiinlanoes. Many were the rohlM'rhs they eomniilted,
Iml tlioir nets of cruelty were few. Tliiir favourite prize
riirilimii'd to Ik- the imirarcio, a kind of wagon, which
iwfN night and day to Iho capital, with remitlnnrei
iii'ni llin rarrivcrs of Iho dilTrrcnt prorincei ; it also
carries merchandise, goods, (larcels, ami even |iassengers,
and is generally escorted by an armed force.
" A fainiiiis captain of iMiiditti," says K. Craven in his
Tour, " who, during the latter |iart of the occii|>atioii of
the kingdom of Murat, had suecessivcly gnined jxissi'ssion
of the contents of liiurlecn of these procacei, is said lo
have brought them all to tlie legitimate Sovereign (Fer-
dinand,) on his restoration, and tu have obtained liis
|Ntrdoii in consei|Ucnee."
The same gentleman gives the following amusing
incidents,
" Some years back, a gang, or, as it is called in tlie
language of the country-, a comitiva, o( robbem, having
seized tile ptacuccio going from Naples to the priiici|ial
town in the province of Uanilicata, with all the para-
phernalia ap|iertainiiig to the court of justice, newly esta-
blished there, thought it a very excellent joke to put on
tlic judges' robes and wigs, and go tlirough the mock
ceremony of a trial; tlic Judicial forms of which most of
them were but too well acquainted with. This self,
elected trihanal pronounced scnteiM o of death on tlic
very first traveller who might fall u their hands; and
the day did not |>as8 witiiout an op|Kirtunity of carrying
it into execution."
" At Orsara, a small village between Dovinoand Troja,
tlic usual amusement of the boys on a feast-day is to
divide tliemselves into two liands, one of which guards a
little wooden cart, filled with rubbish, representing Uie
prncaccio, while tho otlicr [wrforms the more glorious
part of tlie comitiva, which attacks it, and which, it is
needless to add, always gains the victory." Uring up a
child in tlic way he should go, Slc.
When tlic im|>ortant revolutions in Euro|>e of 18H
and 1HI5 proved again the dieliim of Arioelo, that tlie
lily of France is destined never to to take root in Italy,
and Mnrat was hurled from his throne, tlie Vardurelli, as
faitliful subjects of his restored majesty Ferdinand, are
said to have imitated the example ot sundry of their
co.laboraleurs, and to have proposed renouncing tlieir
calling on conditions. Uut it is also said that the con-
ditions were not agreed to by tlic government ; and tlie
notorious fact is, lliat even when llierc were no more
Frenclmien in the kingdom, the robbers of the I'onte di
liovino continued their depredations, |iayiiig no more
res|MH:t to tlio revenue of Ferdinand, tlian tliey had done
to Joachim's.
The first time I went tlirough the valley of Dovino,
was in the year 1816, not nine months aftjer the happy
restoration alluded to, and the Vnrdarclli were then in
high feature, (iod knows I heard enough of them from
my f'ellow-travi Hers long iM^fore I approached the spot;
and for my further edification, when, crawling over the
Apulian plain, which I thought was to have no end, we
eanie in sight of the high mounfains and the town of
liovino, and the dark looking gap iM'iieatli it, they rein,
pitulated every horror. It wiui evening when we reached
the post house by the famiius bridge ut tlie mouth ol the
valley. Here four miserable looking gens d'armes d pird,
with their earbiiies Nlung over their shoulders, gut up in
front of our still more miserable looking vettura, lor our
protection. I could not help thinking tliat our |ioverty
was our best protection, as related to such a respectable
iKuid as the Vardarelli. The living part of the cargo
consisted of a fat mendicant friar, a studi'nt, an old
Greek woman from Corfu, who seemed to he the grand,
motlicr of all the Gniik priests in the city of Lecce,
where I had embarked with her ; a pretty unrsano, who
was going to see a brother at Naples, who had been pro-
moted to the rank of sergeant in the royal guards ; my
s«-ll', and a run-a-wny Knglish sailor I had picked up
starving at Uarletta, and was carrying on lo the capital.
(If one tiling 1 was quite sure — that the soldiers, in case
the rnbliers euiidescended to assault us, would lie the first
to run away, and I would aliout as soon liave given my
llirec carlins to the rohb<:rs as to tho gens d'armes,
which I was obliged to do nt the end of their ride. My
coiii|ianions, however, were sorely afraid. The wild
scene, and the time, and their whisiM^riiig voices, (for the
uiM^n.iiioutlied sonorous tones of the south had ilrnp|x-il
into a general whispiT as wc went up the gloomy vaHey),
did at last atroct me, and I was glad when wc reneheil
our station liir the night, the solitary tnvernn, tliough a
more desolate, eut.throiit looking place, can hardly U'
conceived.
The Kev. T. S. Hughes, one of llie few ICnglish tra-
vellers that have gone Ihrough the valley of Il<ivinn, and
who must have |insM'<l somewhat more than a year biifore
my first visit, gives this nneedolc. " An oecurrenee had
taken place enniieeted with tlin very Inst journey of Ibis
vehicle (the procaeeio) which threw all llie country into
alarm, and made every one adviso us lo proceed hy cca
to Naples, At a ei'lebruteit pass in the A|>eniiiiies, called
the Polite di liovino, a large eiirps of brigunils, oonoealed
iM'hind the rix'ks, had fired a viilhy u|hiii tho carriage,
killed the hnrres anil postilion, burnod all the lotlers,
taken out an iiiifnrlunnle ofFiixT, whom they shot on the
siMit, and carried away n still more imtiirtunato foinnlc
In tlieir haunts in tiic mountains. Traces of tiiis out-
rage presented themselves to <iur eyes in numerous
musket-balls at tliis lime sticking in the Isidy of the
iiiaehiiie; but we judged it ex|M'diiii* lo priicecd imme-
diately after the eominissinn of such an act. siiioe it
was not very likoly that it would Ix- .soon ri'|M'atod. The
terrors of our Italian eoiii|>anioiis amused us during Ihu
journey; but at the fiital |>ass their ria-son Momed ulmiist
overcome by their fears, which wiTc not a little inoreiibed
by a terrific thunder storm, whose oehiies vvcio finely
reverlM'ratrd among the rix-ks and valleys. Wu stayed
at the |>ost-lioiise two hours liefore the storm abntid, and
when we arrived at the s|Hit where the late utUiek had
been made, we observed one of the horses lying hy
the road side, and ils flesh already half stripisd from thu
cnrcass by birds of prey. As for the banililli, we saw
none of thein, except a few wretches bound witli curds,
in custody of the (leasants, who, after this last outrage,
had colleeled togelhcr in large bodies, headed by tlieir
priests, dispersed tlic villains from tlieir IiuuiiIk, and
rescued the captive lady, much to the credit of Italian
gallantry."
It was about a year ofter this that I was wandering in
the same country, but in a dilTcrent manner, for 1 had
had enough of vetturini and their |iassengers. 1 had
come on horseback from Lecee to liari with the onirier
or (lost carrier, travelling the whole of one dark cold
night and one day without stopping, except to change
horses, and take a hurried morsel of footl. This hasty
way of proceeding would not suit for the rest of the
country I wished to traversi', which was very iiileresling,
and which I had never yet cvamiiicd. S> at liari 1 de-
lerinined to lure horses by the day, and from place to
place, taking a man with the second horse with me, In
return the liea.its, and lo net as my guide. I riMh- in oiio
short delightliil day from liari lo liarlelln. Ilore again
my ears wero filloij with tales of my old I'rieiuls the Var-
darelli, who had U'coine naughtier than ever. Several
(lenple |H'rsuadeil me not lo coiilimie my jiiiirney as I
was doing, tor I was now approaching their range of
country, and I had some dilticulty in hiring a man and
horses The ne.\t day, however, I struck ovir the plain
[>>' Apulia, visited the site of ancient Caiino-, and arrived
in the afternoon at the town of Canosa, just in lime to
si'c a fight lu'twecn some Carlmnari and Cnlilarari, in
which two men of the place were nearly killed, and one
killed outright. What with factions niid robUis this
part of the kingdom of Naples was then in a pntly slate !
I made Ciinotw my head.ipinrtcrs for more tlian a
week, exploring the country thence every day, and re-
turning to sleep at night. Whilst staying here, the fol-
lowing news was received one morning, and iliseoncerted
a coursing match I had engaged in with some gentle-
men of the town,
A Major , a Swiss officer of talent and well-
known couragi; in the service of King Ferdinand, had
iH'en sent down to Uarletta witli a force of light liorso
and light infiintry, tu keep the robbers in check, and if
(Missihle lo dostroy them. In consnpieuie of some cun-
cerlcd plan, or of some hints given him, he marched from
Darletta to Cerignola, a small town on the opimsite sidu
of the wild plain, a day or two after I quilted the former
place. Lying quiet and ptritu at Cerignola, he had re-
ceived information in the night of the day liefore Iha
news reached us at Canosa, that the Vardarelli had ad-
vanced again into the o)h-ii country, and had taken |ios-
sessiiin of u matitrin, or farm house, not fur of]', Hii
inslanlly put his men in motion, hut it was daylight be-
fore he reached the mosserin. The robbers were on th«
alert ; they had not, however, time to saddle and mount
Is-fore tlie place was surrounded by the troops, who might
hi: about ten limes llieir iiumhi-r. Major thought
he had them in a trap, and sent forward a non-eommis-
sioneil oiKiH'r to siinimnn them lo surrender. Th«
answer of the Vardarelli was pronouiiceil by a niuskel,
which wounded the soldier, and sent him groaning lo
the rear. The Swiss then dcleriniiied lo storm the inu-
seria, hut the walls that surrnimiled it wen; high and
strong, he had no arlilleiy, and when his men approached
the heavy enlranee gale, the robbers within fired at them
through loo|i-lioleii, resting their long guns in the lillls
cmhrasiires, with so deadly nn aim, that Iwu were lef\
dead, three or tiiur wnmided ; the rest rnii Imek as fust is
their legs could carry them. I'he bold Swiss then rn-
courogrd his troops as best ha could, and headed a nuiii-
', HA*
m
. I'I*!
^'^
m
5
3-,;-
^"i
\r
nrt
I.IVIH <>P HANDITTI AND ROimRIt*;.
*•■•;,
;.f*
7 ..-l
her <>r llit-iii in n Irrvft :itt:ii*k (ni t)i«- {|atc ; Ixit liin mm i
were Nr.-itiotitiiiiM, the iTi'iMtcr jtart ot'tliriii »*liitik U'hincl.
unil hi- liiiiiM-lt' was fixtn tiirird to liill Itack out ut' tilt
ridilx'r's riiMi;!^ iillitc' willi u uniiiiil in tlic lianil,
W'liilf storming Ironi tlir |>iiin lie sutVcrctl, tnid at tlit
ptisillainniitv '>!' tlif>>'' lie funnnandcd, to iiis no snnill
HUrjtrisc Alftjor ^ saw tin' (fair n tew niiiniti.-'. at'lrr
tliroi' II ci|Mii, anil tlir roliUrs isMir liirlli well inoiintiil
mill aniii'il, Alnionl Ih lore In' lonlil i,'>^'<' ('"' "oril iil
(oininaiKl to loiii intrali', thr Vard.irilli ilasluil tliroiit'l
llir liiir of III!' Ik li MLMiiri r.-, wlio iiiaili' Way liir lliriii,
iiiiil i;ullo|M>it aiToss till- plain. Ili- |iiit liis cavalry in
niolion allcr tliriii ; but tin- inrii, |irotrstiii!r lliat tlirir
liorsi's wrrc no niatrli lor llii' I'ri-sli onr!< of tin- roliln is,
Hoiin ilri-w rriii. Tin- \ aiilan Hi llu-ii lialtril, ami <il)i r a
Klioiit III iiisiillin); triiiiii|>li, lalinly Irollril nil' lowunls
tin- inoiinlaiiis.
Tins I vi-nt natiiratlv iiiailr n jjrpat iioiw* '* iiII nvi-r llif
riiiintry," ami as in |iriis(-rntioii ol' my jiinrnry I hail tn
(JO lliriiiii.'li till- valli-y ol' IIomiio a;;aiii, or Into Ihc M-ry
<j(-ii ol'llti- rohhi-rs, inmiimralili' wrri- tin- warnings I rv-
I'OiM-d. A yiMinij ladv ot'tlu- fioiisi- wlirrt- 1 had Int-ii stav-
iiii; at Canosa, thoncht my prril so immimnl, that in liid-
iliiii; nil' lart'wrll, and ri i oiiiim iidiiii; iiir tothcMadiinna's
protcrtion, and |)roiioiini iiiir in hrr jiiilois, 'Mtod sriid von
will lliroii!;h it '." nlisoliili ly slird liars. Iliil I was i-ii;lil-
fvii yi'.irK ot* airi- tlii-ii, and lolrrabty advciittirniis ; and.
111)1 to |>ul my < oiir.i(;r in loo |iromiiirnt a lij;hl, pn-lly
coiilidrnt that tlii' Vardarrlli would not iiolic-.' ii wliinisi-
cul travrllir with nolliiii!; hiil a litllr porlmaiilraii and a
aki'ti-li-liook at his hn-k, .iiid a liw ducats in his |h» kcl.
(As lor the sti'id-i I pnicuiid, two sinli wn-lchnl hacks
were never seen sinei- Mnlin^broke inoiiiUeil Kiiiij l£i.
chard.) .Not to In loo risil-hardy, however, as my I'rii lids
Ihittered me by sayiiii.' I looki il (rii/i/xi ilntlinln (bio dis-
tiniriiishid a |H-r-iiiiaL'e) ms I was, I procured a rouj;li
hrowii peasant's cloak, wliieii I wore over my I'aiijlir-h
<rariiicnts, and substitnleil the hi^h eniiieal h.-it ol' tlie
eoiiiilry liir my Iravelhiiir ea|i. This li<inxhiiitiili> was
very f-oinp|i le. .My o-,Mi niMlhir would h.irdly have
known nil-, and as | rode dnwii Ihe hill on winch ( 'aiinsa
Mauds, I ncirly liimhli il "ver my hiprsc's ears, liy laiiirh-
iiiir at the lii;iiri I was i iilliiiii.
'J'lul iM iiiiii: I slopiH'd at t'aslelliiceio, a lillle vill.ifc
very near Ihe I'onle di Hoviiio, with a npiitalion little
miperior to ll.ivino ilsi H'. As I rode into the villa)."- al'-
ler iiiv j/iiide, a la/v eoo|M-r ol' Canosa, I met Ihrec li-l-
lows Willi lon:^ i^iiiis w.ilkinij lei>iiri-l\ out of it. They
Klared al iis, hut did nollniiir hut ititeri'liaii).''e the " Ai/roir;
Kcm" iiIoihI eveiiiuirl; willi lis. .My iieiii ol' the biilK
mid casks would h.-.c it they were roblH-rs. Il imirhl
liave bleu so, t'or llii y Here illvisa^rcd dojrs, hut they
nevei' Iriiiibled iiie, thnii^'li the hiiirs ut my hostel nt ( 'as-
telhiecio did most enn lly.
On slarlini; the next morniii:; very early, my com-
jftiiiion ri'irretti'd that no chapel was o{h'ii in tin villaL^e
where he could rct'resh his soul with a mass, and when
we enlerid into the nioiith ol' Ihe valley, lliere was no
end to his crossing' hiinseir. I rode ihroiich iIk- Val di
Jtoviuo, liowt \er, jiisl as sati 1\- as 1 had doin- the vc'ir
heliire, and n-aclii d the lolly town of Ariaiia, when all
ilaliircr from roblM-rs was supposed to eeasi-, just as llie
Hiin was si-lliiiLi oil one of the mos| extensive and lovely
KCx-iies it has Ik-cii my lot In obser\e.
.Shortly arter my arrival al .Nipb-s, I learned that Kinff
Ferdiiianil, whose reiirn had been iii. irked by two lliixhls
froiii his capital and eoiilinetilal doiiiinions, and nniiier-
niiH other huiiiilialions, had set Ihe liiiil siirnel to his de-
haxement, by Irealinu with and linally sijiiiini; an act of
cnpiliilalioM with the Vardari III, who were tlieiii I't'nrlh
ndmilted to his ser\ ice and pav. The whole li.iiid was
iilUwed to till III a ri'iriilar corps, still commaiKiid by Ihe
Name leaders, who received a monllily salary, and en-
jraijed to sei'ure the valley of Itoviiio and the provinces
which lliey had so loiiir ravai," d, tioiii all similar altacks
for the rutiiie. I'eoplc in the capital stared at each other
when this news was amioimci d, and they rcllceted oil
tlii-<|iialitii-sot'llii iitrai tin;; paities — a lloiirlHin prince,
the kill:.' ol'lhe 'I'wo Sicilies, and an Ahrii7.'/esi- |HaHaiit,
n hri^'atid eliiel'. Ihit so it wnii! mid even no weak Was
this despotic ir.ivcrnincnl.
"The most cell brati d Irnop ol' roblK-rs in oiir days,"
Hays l{. h.l'raveii, " was that ot' the V'ardan HI, who in.
vested the provinces of Apulia and the iHirders of ILisili.
cntii and Alinr/.7.i, and were supposed to have colli cii-d
illliili-iise wealth. To trace the pmuress of a lib- like
theirs, would be a ilillii lilt hut not uninleiestinir tusk:
liy turns, unldicrs, ili scrters, partisans, and trailor; — by
Itiniff, iinprisoni'd, punished, peiiilciit, restored to soeictv.
or reliipsed into (fiiilt— exliibilinji trails of sinKular pcr-
Kuniil hravcry, united to Inatanccii uf the moit extraordi.
nary eiiiinin;.' — and iicehsiniial pn.i.fs uf disiiileresli d-
iiiss, I oiiiiasleil with pacity till most imhridUd: — tin
ricilal of till ir aiKeiioiri s wmild by far surpass the le.
i;eii(lN of our iiiiist ilhistriiius highwaymen, footpads, iir
sinui,'i.'lers.
" 'I Ills band SI leutril .\piilin an the thrntri" liesl ndnpted
to their system of depredatiiiiis : its va.sl, iiiiincliwed plains,
oecasioiially inters|K-rsi il with patches of iind^rwisid, but
III no part iitfi riiitj obstat les to the rapiilily ol' their move,
nil Ills ; the rare i.ec urreiiee of lar^e towns; the inairni.
tiiile ol ilie lliniis or HiM.i»>ii/;.<, when- they were sure In
fniil piovisions, tbra:re, and booty iinilci! ; all these eir-
einiislam-i s combiiiinc with tliiir local kiiowli-i|i;<- nf Ihe
1 oiintry, and the terror vliieli thev had iinpresM-d on its
iiiliahil.inls, had reiulcred their |H)Wer sntlicii-iilly lor.
miilaiilc to resist, or at least elude, the inciins pursued b\'
L'oM riimenl tiir lliiir dcstriielioii. Will armed and ae.
eoiilrtd, and exeillcntly iiioiinlcd, their troop was also
traineil to the most rii^id dlsi ipline ; and Hon (iaetaiiu,
the elder uf the brothers Vard:irelli,as wi II as e luander
ot' the band, displayed an aetivilv and skill worthy of a
iiiibli r profe.-siiin. It should Ik- oliserved that llii-y si-l-
doiii, if ever, allai-ki-d travellers ; and their ontrajres werc
i.'1-iicrally niisiilhcd by enn Ity, ixupl in some cases of
ri-veii);e liir breach of promise: but this false (.'Ian- ot
(jenerosilv and torUaranee, as well as Ihe ample rewards
vvliich IIk-v lK>stoWi-d upon their spies and aU-ttors, and
the ads of charity hv wliii h they i-ndeavniircd to pro-
pitiale the lei-lini'.i of tie- ixsirer class, renih reil them
only u iiiori- dislriictive scourge to the eoniiiiunity al
lariie. .\ |i<'r^oM who had lieeii a severe siilVeri-r by tlii-ir
iiii~ileids very jiislh obseiveil to UK-, that it was very
casv to i:i\'e a hiindred dollars to the poor out nf the
llioiisaud" stolen t'niin the ri( Il ; and as tlii-ir (;eiH-rosily
could Ih- 1 stini;ited by this rule only, the iiiolivcK of it
may Is- duly appncialcd.
"The Apiili:iii farms consist of several biiildinirs ap-
propri.iti il to tin- ililVi ri nt branches of rural cconoiny,
which the ii:itiirc of the soil admits of; inid the niiiuls-r
of inilividnals employed in the various departments of
laUiiir is sometimes verv irn-at, t-s|H*etallv diirini: tlie
wiiilcr season, v\ ben the cattle are all ciillceti-d in the
tniinHniii t'or the sake ot' a milder alHide. AH llit-se at.
leiidants and their sii]M-riors, iiicliidiii(.r the injtnli\ or
what we should call the steward, reside within tin- walls
which always enclose these cstablishmeiits. 'I'lic nailer
may easily I'orm soiin- idea of the panic spn-ail by the
ap|H-ar.itie(- of the \'aidarelli in one ot* tlu-sc (-oloiiies,
eoiii|Hised i-hiitly of timid shcphi-rds and their laniilies,
or labourers, as unused to the exercise us tiny are uii-
prmiiled \\ itii the means of resistance.
" 'I'lie robbers' niareln s, (;i-iii'rally perfiirtnrd hi the
iiii.r|il-tiiiie, were so men dibly ra|Md, that the terror they
inspired was i-i|ualli'd only by the astoiiishment ere;iteil
by operations apparently sii|s-rnatiiral ; ami they liavi-
bei-ii known to have reuniined two or three days in one
ot these larins, iM-fore the inmates of those adjoinini^ liave
been aware ot their proximity. Ihirinj.' this time they
usually ti-:isli d on \\hati\er the premises atrorded, al-
ways obliiriii(.r their inh.ihitants to partake of the fare
prepared tiir tin iii, tliroiii.'h fi*ar of isiison. t hi an oi-ea-
siiiii of this mitiire, when the principal agents of the (arm
i-.\eiiseil tin MiM-Kcs from caliiii; meat iH-eause it was a
fast-ilav, l>oii tiaetaiio approved their ahstinence, which,
he assured them, ipiile a;; reed with his practice in (lene-
ral; but alle<.;ed his iiiiiib- ol'lili', and the uncertainty of
his dinner hour, as nii aiKiUnjy for the infraction of it.-
Oil rcinovini.' lioiii the scene of action, they always look
w illi them what iiioiiev eoiild lie eolleiicd, and ns iiiiieh
!,'raiii as tin ir hordes could carry.
".''^imetinics the deiuand, or rather roiumand fiir for-
:iire, cash, provi-^ioiis, and even clothes, was not made
|iersonally, but iin|Miseil tliroilirh the incdiinii of a letter
to the sii|H-riiili mil lit of the farm. Ne;;leet, or even
delay, in eoinplyiinr with the Hiiinnions, or the most dis-
tant appearance of tiiaehery, was followed hy llie
destriielioii of the cattle, ami the eont1a(;ratioii nf the
biiililiii(.rs. In these eases the mnndate was eonfidcd to
I |H-asaiit or lahoiirer, « lioiii the troop iiii(.'lil iiieel aeci-
dentally, l-'reipieiitlv they would stop passeii(rers, and
exact the exehaiii.'e of (;iiod I'resli horses a(;aiiist their
own jaded ones; while more than onci- they huve iiierely
harti red their silver airainsl iiii eipiivnieiit sum in (,'old,
which iiiii;lil Is- toiiiid ii{Hin the |H'rsiiiiof the Irayeller."*
For Slime time alter their treaty with Kiiic l-'crdinand,
the Varihrelli very eorr<-clly kept their part of the en-
Lratrcmi ut, and no robberies wi re heard of at the Ponte
Ii llo\iiio, or in that iieifrhlMiiirlnHHl. There wnx, how-
ever, n lonjj iieeiiinulaled areniiiit of vrnpenner scored
* Tour thiiDigli Ihe Southprn Pruvlnrn nf Napln.
ajraiiisl them in the hi-arts ot' many individuals wlin Imj
siitren-d from their rapn ily or violriiee ; thi- iroveniini'ni
monover, was said both to liar that by some sudden n.
viiisioii they would adopt their old iiiodes of life, and tu
nourish ii lindielivc fcelin(,' ncaiust the men who lai,|
foiled (hem so olteii. Indeed, it w'uti f iirrently repiirlid
ill the capital at the time, that (hi' ipiarrel ill which (In
darinij brolhcrs (ill, was exeilcd hy (he Ireai-heroiis cinis.
saries of (roveriinii-iit, who thus ho|H-d to rid theinscbi,
of Ihe Vardan Hi withoiil the opi n odium of treai la-ry
and eniclly to iiii-ii they had honoun-d with a eapilii|:i.
(loll. I'alher of (III se eausi-s iiii(rlit have prndiieed tin
elli-ct, or i( inldlit very well Inive Ih-cm prmluced by t
iinioii of the two. .Mr. Craven only alludes to the iiiurt
appan-iit one.
" Hut il was not (o he e.v|K'etcd that so lawless n run.
ledenilion slioidd Ion;; conliniic lailhful to llieir cii|;,ii-,.
uuiils, or thai the inhahilanls, siiiartiii(r iiiider the iiitln.
tiiiii of oiilra(res so recciil, slinuld ever lisik upon tl,.
aiillinrs of them willi any li-eliii(;s but thou- of niistrn-i
or n-vi-iii;e : in t'aet, about a month previous to my ipiii.
liiiU' Naples, they had Ih-ci! eii(;a(;ed in a serious eoiiti"!
with the natives of an .-Mbaniaii village, called I'mri, k\
Ihe borders of the .\briiz-/,o; and these last, risiii(,r in sii|i(.
rior niiinhers, killed the thrie hmlhers with nine of tin
Imop, and eoiiipelU-d the remainder to seek their salitv
ill (lidlil. It was said that the principal prnninter nf tljii
alVray had lost his father hy the hands of the Vardan Hi.
Kniiii that [Hriod Ihe niniianl of the hand had retired h,
the ncij.'lilwinriii'r iiiountaliis, and had, under various pn.
ti'iiccs, eluded the order \\ liiili they reeeived. to liiiilr,
ami pn-senl Ihemselves at a staled s|kiI, where the alVair
should 111' iuvesliiralcd. ;\w-iin', pmbably, of haviii(; Ihui
the amrnssnrs in the coiitliet which termiiialed so falally
to their Icaikrs, or, dislriislliil oi'die iiileiitionsof (roveru.
tucnt, they had delayed olH'yiii(; its eoimnaiids ; niiil I
had purposely rclardid my liepartiire from the eapit;d,(.i
avoid the risk of liiHiii;; in with (hem on their way to llii>
liea<l-ipiart(-rs of tin- district, where it was expeeied tliiii
by this lime they iui(;lil in all pmbabilily have nrrivnl
.\t Troja, indeed, I was iiiduccd to lisik u|h>ii this evi iii
as certain, for that poitimi of their i-orps, which was ili«.
luoiinted, eonsistiiii.' of alsiut thirteen, had nssembliii
lliere a short lime iM-liin ."*
We an' now come tn "the last FCeiip of nil, wliiili
ends lliisslraii{re cyentful history," and here .Mr. Craven's
narrative pos.se.sses the inlerest'lliat only an eye-wilin-.s
can (jive.
"-\t last I arrived al Fofjpia, the rapilal of Ihe (':i|ii.
tanala, which has ijatcs, but no walls, the houses bun;'
so irri'dularly seatlend ahoiil, that it is ilillieiilt In In
precisely where the town begins. I could find no Iml;;-
in(is al the miiiieniiis inns whieli displayed their siuiis
on either side of me, hut were already filled hy the :ir.
rivals for the eiisiiiiiij fair, so that I had penetrad-d si.iiu
way into the city iH-liire there appeared any chance nl
heiii(r a(-comnii)(laled al all; when, just as I had liiriin!
out of a stn-<-t, or rather scpiare, in which I had ohseruil
soiiie tniops drawn out as (iir a parade, a sudden vnlliy
of iiiiiske(ry, which I (onk (iir the crash of a hiiililiii;
(lilliii(j, (iillowcd by a (jeneral lliijlit of (he inhabilaiila,
ndcriiiij erics of terror and dismay, arrested my atli ii
lion : .sisin a()cr, a [jciillemaii liurryiii(j hy, ilcsired nii'
to ali(jlit, which I di<l, (hou>jli iiderly iiiiiihle to (jiidn
the motive of this advice ; whih' n sicoiid as slrcniinuslv
reeomnienilcd my rfmoim(iii)j my horse and ijnllopiiij
away. The (irst idea that darted iicniss iiiy mind w:i»
that of all earthipiake, and a iiumher of persons riisliiii!;
at- once out of an adjoiiiiii(j house leiided to eunlirni il.
I walked on, in vain adilressiii(j (he fuijidves who passu!
me in every direeliou, till a Ikiv look my horse's hriilli'.
and led him tliinii(jli some ohsciire by-slree(s tu an inn
at the skirls of the low n, when- we took reliijje in a ninin
on die (jrimiid-Hoor. into which my scrvanls and uuiilf,
loL'etlieam^ all the horses ami inysell', enlcred as if liy
one eoiiimWi iusliiiet, but still in total i(;iiorance of lln
cause of alarm. The erics of se\cral Women, Icariiii;
their hair, niid the incohen-nl exebimalions they ullenil,
ainon(j which I could only dislinijuish the word hiifiaiili,
al last led me to eonjectun' (hat a parly of handilli li:iil
forced their way into the town, and were en)ja(ied willi
Ihe ri-(jular troops. The door had lieeii eaiefiilly b,-ir.
rieadi-d al the momciit of our cii(ranec; hut lhi'oii(jli (lie
small windows several soliliiTH were ohservahh' linkiii);
about in parlies, with (heir miiskelH n-ady, and al lliui's
a drajroon passed ut full (jallop, apparently cnjjajjcil in
w.
will.
^
1
S .1,' .\il
■H
tl
* 111 ilii- siiwu III' 'I'nijn. Mr. ("raven saw twn nf ilie Vniit:iiTl!i
liiniil, « tii'se si;iitiri' niiit iiinriiiit air, lii-i|iliii-iir<l by a plriiiH'^'i'i'
lint Irn'siilur iiiiiliiini, aiiraclcd lila alluiiilen in n i(i'grw wliirli li ■
enuli- iliiiiishi 11 |iiiiili-ni lo rF)irvi<f , hy inCoriiiing liiin uCllinir qnalin
mill pr<>ri'ssii)ii.
|iiirsiii(. 'I'l
sliiils, coiiliri
l»'-rii's, liotte
:iii iiK.iek at
lisniicd, seen
of ilollllt, till
iiad aOer Ikui
laiillii-r and
ili'.irer iusijl
iiniiiiier, the
kiniHu hi me
an- ;is follow.
" 'I'lie reini
- llirill.'S'lvi
/ I'ii I, part of
' nil lit I |iaiise(
11.1-; ivajjcd
. '.Ill (jeneral, w
ijavu ordera fo
phee. Arte
tery account i
niliims lorc|
inuiid.-i. 'J'his
:iiiil « liiliij alti
ii'liii-r sent fro
III' y were raii(
11"! Ill say tei
tl liilly eomniai
:i]i,irtiiieiil to SI
Miiliout their
in ler p;;rt (roll
liny iiiadp use
n-^l" i-.itcd the o
lui-li, who was
til. iilher lired I
iiiirk, W';i.s shot
IMtc. This wa
p.iiiiiiiis, that Wi
nniski-try from
l.p I'lciii, which
iiiii'Milj the crow
nil III!' Hjiot. Fi
iiiiinl tu sjiriii(r i
ilini'tioiis out (
nail lln'd at an t
I'riMiiiers ; hut a
l.ir. tlie first pla
hImiIi liaviii(j on
n ili-li-iisible asyl
iii-«s of this reel'
Willi success, fo
M-\. ral others wl
ill'tliis last de.sjM
lip, .ind made kn
ilir to briiiij ns s
ilisin.-iy and n(fi
llirniijhout the I
I ik'-ii wen' sent i
II' il Id |)prsiiade
il'llii'y perseverei
ii:ilan' of their ri
"iiiilil lie Ii(r||ied
I'Minu their com
Mile men never i
tills threat was pi
lure blocked up \i
sitinition US most
liy till' la.st resour
lln- i-i'llnr was enl
l"M Iniilies, coyer
'Inv liad received
" III about five
ri'stiind to the cit
III' .ilariii ocensioi
lliiiw- of aversion i
f-i SSI'S of the ham
("HIS of compnssii
lianly a deiUli. 1
"'>i'ri' piinisluiienl
111' III) moans llivi
iiillii-l il.
" 111 the cyeiiin(
biri'il III send my
'"iiiiiiandant o
M;U' fiURUlS-
r,,l
WA^LW^m^Q umiLmm^ ©iiB^ow^t^ii^iiT^ iniBs^ii^KT.
I
; till' ^[ovrrhiiiiiii,
»i()in(' Miildcii r>.
IS ol" lil'i', mill III
II' iiit'ii uhii hod
iirriiitly ri|Mirliii
rri'l 10 wliit'li (lii-
Iri'ii'l" r')"" iiiii!-
to rill tliiniKilMi
iiiiii 'il' tii'acliiTy
I vvilll 11 r!l|iitlll::.
iivr proiliiri'il tin
II |>r<jiliiri'<i l<y t
lliclcs to till' Iiiuru
so lawli'sH n oni!
il It) llu-ir ciiniii'i
; iliiiliT iIh' iiitlii.
■1 r liKik iipiiii llii;
llidfi' I'f iiii^trii-t
. vimis 111 my liuil.
1 a srriiiils coiiti-t
•, ciilli il I'riiri, nn
ant, rij-hii; insii|».
I with iiiiii' 111' till
1 H(.ik tliiir Biili ly
ill prnniolir nl'tliiii
111' tin' Vurdan 111.
ami liati nlirrii Id
nuilir variiuis prr-
rri'iiviil. to mull',
il, wlicrr llie iilVaIr
ily, nt'luiviiif; Ihiii
Tiniiialril so lalally
ilriitiiiiii'<'l"R"^>'fii-
coiiiinaiiils; iiiiil I
I'rimi llio ciipit;il.l'i
on tlirir way to 'ln'
was cxpictiil lint
liilily liuvf arriviil.
ok u|Kiii lliis I VI ill
rps, wliirii was ili--
L'li, liutl nssi'iiililiil
erne of all, wliirli
I lii'iT Mr. C'ravoii's
Illy an lycwilmx
•npital of tliu (';iiii-
1, tlir lionsis licini;
is ililliinlt to IW
roiilil liliil no Iml^-
pliivi'il tlii-'ir sii;in
ily Villcd liy tlir :ir.
ml piMiilraU'd soiiir
111 any rhanic nl
.1 as i liail Inniii!
ii'li I liail olisrruil
a siiililcn viilliy
ash III' a linililiiii:
,r the inhaliilaiiN,
irri'stcil niy altrii
IjT liy, llcsirc'll Mil'
iinalilo I" (.'111"
liinil as stri'nuniisiy
\r!H- anil (xallnpiiii:
OSS my miiiil w^i-^
il" prrsoiis ruhirmi!
Iiilcil til I'unrinii it.
ilivi'H who pas*('il
my horse's briilk
L-.sin rts to an inn
ri'rnfrr in a rmini
rvaiits mill iruiili'.
r, iiitiri'd as it' liy
Il ijiniiranrr of lln'
11 wonifn, tiarini!
lions llii'y nttiMvil,
|tlir word hiii!it<il!,
y of hanilitti l>ii<l
rri' i'n);ai;i'd will'
rn cairl'iilly lur-
; hut lliioiii;li tlio
ihsorvahli- hirkini!
[ally, and at liiiif'
Icnlly rii|;a|,'nl ill
l«n 111' ilio Vntdniil!!
Iiipil In- II iili'liiii'-'|ii'
Ti n ili'Bri'i' wliii'li ti •
lisliiiniil'ilmirniiiilni'
\«H
i>iiii,.\i>i':ij>iii.\, riJiiti vitv -M, ixa.
M>.
S.I
II. !• . ........^..... ...... ■ ......
I'hintrii Asii ri'm.iKiiRii iiv .\I)AM \\'.M.|iir.. .Nn. t), Niiitrii l-'.iutirii HrKKi i. i'tiii.\iiKi riiu— .\ r .«.'i lor .Vj iiiiinlii r.i, |i.'u iMr in iiiliiiiii-r.
It- iV 1^ S. W'OOir I'lUMkllH AMI I'l lll.l^llKUK, \rw YilllK, t t I'lilHl.MX \. VVllllll fi ('It. HiiiiK<M.l.r.Kli, ll\l. I1Mi.uk,
.li. .Vui'nl.i anil I'litihulii-ri (»r llii* ^tnlt nl' Ntw Vurh niiil nil ilir \i>iv Kiiulniiil RlatrN, ] f Hul. Xl'iiiIb I'm llif ^liitm nt' M;ii> laiiit. Viiuiiiia utiil Oliin, mi I tin- r.l> uf Nrw Orli'mii.
piirsiiil. 'I'hr.411 rii'cumstancrs, and ocrasioiiul iiiuskit-
sliiils, roiiririiird my suspiriuiiM ; hill lliat a nang uf roh.
|i.'rii's, liuAi'vrr d.iriii); and drH|ic'rute, should havi' inadr
all all.iik at inid-d.iy nil u larj{e city rrsiH;ttalilv irar-
lisiiiird, SI oniod su improhahlc that 1 rolitiniK'd in i stati'
iiriliiiilit, till tilt: Kim of my liostcsK made his ap|M.iraiii'i';
iinJ al1rr Immii;,' ru|H'atcdIy kig.si'd and wrpt u|h)1i liy his
iiuillii-r and lirr liislirTrfli'd compaiiiiinis hr );aM: iiii' a
, Il in r insight into thoatfuir, hy rilatiii(f, in an iminrl'Li-t
iiiaiiiitr, the dttail.s, whii'li wire suhscijuuntly iiiudi:
kiinvvii til nic from u Hourcc more authentic, and which
an' IS I'lilluw.
" Till' remainder of the Vardarelli hand had prcenti'd
llii'Mi.sil'iis that moriiiii); at I'ojruia; they funned, in
I'm I, part of liic triHiju 1 had ■eun, and were at the mo-
iiii lit I paased eiiguffvd in a war of words, which soon
ii\is n'a);i'd witli more deadly wcajtuliH. It seems that
'III i;iriii'ral, who had received intimation of their arrival,
iravu orders for them to Ik; inspected the instant it took
l<Ia<'i'. Alter they hud dismouiitci) and 'given a satisfac-
li.rv arooimt of their lute proceedings, they received di-
rn tiima to repair to I.ncera, imd there await further com-
iiiiinil.<. 'I'his mandate they positively refused to obi-y,
anil a long altercation took place iKtwren them and an
.ilii IT sent from the cuinmander's house, hcforc which
lii. y were ranged, to remonstrate on the imprudeiiee,
iihI 111 say temerity of their hohaviour. The general
li lally riinmiaiided the two leaders to repair to his own
aiiirliiiinl to s|)i'ak to them; this they objected to (In
witlnml their arms, which they declared they would
iiivir p:;rt from; and it is supposed that the language
till V iiiailc use of in the course of their argument so ex-
.•.|i, i.ilid the iillicer, that he roughly pushed one of thcni
l«i II, tt ho was iiHing threatening gestures j on which
III.- iitlier fired his musket at him, Imt having missed his
iirirk, was shot dead on the 8|K)1 hy the sentry at the
nale. This was the signal of un attack from his com-
|iaiiliins, that was immediately answered hy a round ol
iiiuskilry from the troops who were drawn out close
1(1 1'leni, which killed several, and spread ennstcmation
aiiiiiiii; the crowds of towns. people who had ussemliled
on till' s|iot. Four uf the hand, who had prrsince of
iiiiiiil to spring H|>oii their horses, escaped in dilVerent
iliricliniis out of the town, though followed hy cavalry
ami fired at as they Hed. Another portion were madi
priviiiirs ; hut a third division sought security in a eel
l.ir, the first place of refuge which oftered itself, nnd
» liii 11 having only one very low entrance, atl'orded theiii
II ill li'iisilile asyluin for some time : the depth and dark-
iii's of this receptacle made it difliciilt to attack them
\Mlli success, tor they killed a soldier, and wounded
■.ivrral others who had ventured too near the a|H'rturi
iiflliis last ilc»|)crate set, four, however, gave Ihein.selves
ii|i, and in.ide known the nuinlior that rrinained. In or-
ili r 111 liriiig as B|)ecdy a terniiiiation as imssihlc to the
ilismay and agitation which this event hud Hpread
llirniijhout the rily, two of those who had Iwen last
t ik'ii were sent in to their rompaninnH with tlicir hands
li. il to |)crsuade them to surrrndcr, and to inform them,
il'lhi'V |K'rsevere(l in a resistance, which, from the local
iiiihire of their retreat, must he unavailing, a straw* fire
wniilillie lighted at the orifice, us tho only means of lias-
I'liing their eomphaneo or (tcstrurtion. Tho unfortu-
Hale men never returned, and no answer being given,
lliis threat was put into actual exerution, and the uper.
lure lilocked up with stones. Imugiiiatiuii pictures tlicir
Mluation as most horrible ; but its terrors were eluded
liy the last resource of despair. Two hours nfterwurds
111!' iillar was entered without opposition, ami tlicir lite
i'ss hiiilies, covered with wounils, indicated tho deutli
111! y liail received at each other's hands.
" In alinut five hours some degree of tranquillity was
ri"i|iirid to the city ; and it was evident that the feelings
III' alarm occaHiiiiied hy lliis singular event, and even
lliiwe i)f uversion and universal reprobation which the (>\°-
i"! «i's of the banditti had excited, now yielded to eino-
li<iii<i (if eoinpassinn, culled fiirtli by so terrific and iin-
liiiii ly a death. I'Acn the \m\iry which prompted this
n vire punishment met with cninments nnd eonslriictions
liv no means liivoiirablu to tlioso whose duty it wiu to
nillirl il.
" 111 the evening tho sl.ojw were re-opcncd, nnd I ven-
liniil to send my htters lA ri'cniii'ii' 'idution to (he gene-
I'liiiimandant of the Uiusion. mm the iiitcndrnte, who
KKW KKRIIIS — 7
liolh shiiwed me every attention ami civility during my
stay. Hut I had with me ii diicimiint of similar iiii|Hiii
iiddressed to tt very diirereiit cliur.icter.
"On my having llenevento, oiieof its most res|H-ctable
inhabitants, fearing I might encounter the Vardarelli
troop on their way to head-ipiarters, gave me u letter of
iiitrishiction to one of them, which lie uxsiircd inc would
Im: the means of securing me from all such danger, us the
e.visting uncertainty of their projects and iiiovcmentH might
render |H<ssilile if not probable. The robber to whom it
was aildri sM'd had Ihcii employed un a farm of the wri-
ter, and ri l.iiiied a fiiendly and even res|M'Ctfiil tiding
towards lii.s :>iriiier master, which had shown itself on
several oeeafions since they hud parted. Curiosity led
iiiu to enipiiru whether this jierson wa.s among the survi-
vors of tiiu drcadliil catastrophe of the morning ; and
having sent to the prison where tliey were confined, for
the purpose of ascertaining the fact, I was answered in
the atVirmative, and conducted, as I imngined, to the cell
which contained the object of my cni|uirics. It seems
that the subslaiKX- of my message having Ikcii conveyed
from mouth to mouth, had undergone a material change
in its purjHirt; and lullire 1 was rendered aware uf the
misunder.'itanding, 1 found myself in a hiw vaulted room,
Rl the hack of the pulilid prisons, and standing opposite
to several naked bodies exposed on some straw, thie of
these was pointed out to inu as that of the individual
whom 1 sought.
" The iiillietion of a sudden nnd violent death on a ro-
bii.st and active frame is far from producing those cll'ei ts
which the repeated attacks of disease, or tlie gradual de-
cay of the vit;il |)owers, leave impressed in characters so
awful or iilTensive on the hiiiaun coimtenancc. 'I'lio set-
ling rays of tlic same sun which had cast its morning
radiance on beings moving in the full energy of existence,
now shone on their lifeless but not inexpressive features.
The turmoil of passions which had agitated the last
dieudful moments of their existence wus visibly, though
variously, depicted in every face, nor could the expres-
sion he mistaken ; the sullen brow strongly contracted
over the glaring eyeliall, the palUd lip curled to a sardo-
nic smile, each bespoke the final agonies of desperate
bravery, inelfeeluul revenge, or the hoitclcss struggles of
expiring crime.
"The cohiur of the clieck.i was fixed, but not extinct,
and nought but the attitude was that of death. They had
been strip|M(l of every article, save the reliquaries, or
consecrated images, which the lower classes in Italy in-
vaiiably wirar round their neck, and which now rested
on the ghastly wounds that disfigured Uuir "oodies, some
of which were also bluckcncd by smoke. None of these
men were above the age of forty, while most of them
were cimsiderably younger. It was said that individuals
of every nation were to be found in their ranks; but 1
iK'licvi^ that a I'Venchmaii mid a Hungarian wcro the
only two who were not natives of Italy."
Thus ended the fiimous Vardarelli. The following
aiimsing particulars arc also from the \vn of the gentle
man who so vividly represented the scenes of their de
struction. Mr. rraven went from Foggia to (.'erignola,
niKithertown in the plain of .\pulia
" A letter, which I had brought from Foggia to the
syndic, procured ino a visit t'rom that gentleman, and an
a|mlogy for some delay in making it, occasioned by the
return of his brother from the adjoining province of Ita-
silicatn, where, only a few days lit'fore, be had Isen rar-
ricd by a party of lourtecn brigands. This had hap|H<ned
nn the very evening of that day which witnessed the
destruction of the Vardarelli, and though the |>arties had
no connection with each other, the coincidence was re.
niurknble. It seems that this comitira was hut lately
organized, and had hitherto contincd its practices within
the liounilarics of Itnsilicata, to which it belonged ; hut
templed by the reputed wealth of the syndic of ('erignola,
the lionditii had lain in ambush for u whole night, nenr a
house and furiii which he imssesscd, three inilcH from the
tdwii, and niXer waiting all the next day, which his bro-
tl.er had s|H'nt there, in the act uf su|H'rinteiidiiig the
r iral concerns of the family, they seized u|ion him and
an att(-n(lant at dusk, just oh tlipy were preparing to go
home; and, crossing the Ofiinto, which, at no great dis.
tiinee from the s[kiI, divides the two provinces, they forced
him to walk thirty niileii in tlic course uf thut night, to
reach till* mount.'iin of .Melfi. Mere tliev balled amung
the wiifidy reeesm's, which atVordeil lliem a seeiire n treat,
and detained him, while they sent liaek his si-rvant with
the terms they fixed tiir his ransom, and |Miwers to iiego.
tiate for its paymeiil. The (leniand u bit b thi y at first
advani-ed was so e.Mirbitant, that the wretched prisoner,
aware of the inability of his relatives to raisi* a sum so
considerable, ussiired them that they might as well kill
him nt once as require it. 'I'o this lliey very indig-
nantly replied, that they were not writehis capable of
committing murder, and assured him thut he need liar
no |M'rsoiial injury; ultlioiigh they had, tiir the sake of
ex|H'dilion and sality, iirgid tiii^ s|K'( d of his lUHturnal
progress by occasional Mows, and followed his |HTsiin
with slight but frequent applications of tjie well sharp-
ened |H>ints of their slihtlos. They lowered, however,
their demnnds; nnd, ntU-r a few dnys' negotiations, ugreed
to lilM'rate him fiir the sum of twelve hundred ducats, a
hundred yards of velveteen for pnntidooiis, and siveral
dozen of silver buttons and buckles fiir the sam(^ Thu
dillienlty of purchasing these nrtieh's, vvilhout iiiciirring
suspicion, will i:ccounl for their insertion as part of Ihn
raiisoni. If the reader asks how these treaties are carried
into elli cl, and who the iiidisiiluals are that act as iiego-
ti.itor.s, I can mily say, that the principal sulH rers aro
anxious lo couecnl flic ili tails of traiisaelioiiH forbidden
by a law, which humanity and eompassion always trans-
gress. It is lo be observed, that, except in revenge for
treaelicry and evident brcai h of fiitli in the I'lilfiliiient of
ihese agr(eiiii'nts, the Iniiilitli have geiiiTallv bun fiiund
true til their word, white i'vw aniong flu iiiiliappy nbjectJt
of their rapacity havi^ fallen vii liiiis to a spirit of' wanton
firoeily, and they arc always restored lor imieli liss than
the sum originally required. It is .scarcely necessary to
add, that I allude to this, not in cxtenuatinn of so iilsimi
liable a practice, but merely as a custom which they pro-
bably ailherc to so punctually, f'or the sake of inspiring
greater euufidcnee in their promises."
ncN CTRO, OR 'i"ni'; i'rikst-rodhkr.
This extraordinary man, whose atrocities far exceed
those uf his contemporaries (and sometiines his friends)
the Vardarelli, was iKirn in the little Neapolitan town of
(irottaglie. His parents, who were in easy eircmnstanecs,
destined him for the ccclesiusticul profession, wliii h he
entered very young. Having gone through the riiutinu
of a priest's ediicatiim at the seminario and coUcgio, ho
was in due course of time ordained by the bishop of tho
diocess, nnd received the muss. 'J'lie brothers of Don
t'iro, most respectubic farmers, and his uncle the Canon
I'utitaro, neither i>f whom ever took any part in his
(•rimes, were alive and in the enjoyment of miblemished
rcpiitution a very few years ago, and ure jirobubly still
living.
Don Cirn, even nt nn enrly |H'riod of life, showed very
great talents — ijualities ind(('d that might almost claim
the high epithit of genius; but nnforlunately he |ios-
Bcsscd also what so fre(piently oeciunpunics getiiiis, a
most ardent and passionate tem|ieranicnt. With ii dis-
|Hisition — a resistless impulse to love ever working with-
in him, he was forbidden the iiidiilgeiiee of that most
natural and putcnt of all passions by his sacred profession
and his vows. Ciio Aniccliiarico niiCirtmmtely iHcamn
enamnurcd uf a ludy, his own townswoinaii. This wan
the key to all his eriines. His passion was too iiiipctiiniiH
to be concenlcd, nnd his townsfolk tnlked lightly of him :
n young man of the place, a schoollcllow, and once a
friend, met with more favour in the eyes of the ludy than
the priest could 1io|h: I'or. Ciro suw evidences of this one
day. He inslicd uiit of the house, und pruviding himself
with a gun, lurked Indiind a wall until his rival should
npproneh. The young man came, but never went from
the fatal spot. Ciro, who wus even then u good marks,
■nun, shot him dead, nnd slunk nway fancying to escnpo
discovery. Some rumours, however, were soon raised
by the Motolesi, the fiimily of the priest's victim, ('iro'g
thirst for vengeance was not satisfied with ime murder;
he had \owe(l to exterminate the whole family of thu
Motolesi. Their murmured suspicions (lerhaps huNleiied
their fate; nnd ime alter the other every individiinl of
that house, save one, hud disiip|H'ared from the litlk' town
of (irottagli(?. (The individual who cscnpid lived shut
up ill his lioiuic for several years, without ever daring to
«'- i
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9i
MVIX (IK nA!*ri>ITTI A\U UOHIiRRS.
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SIT .•■■
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'JO out, 1111(1 till' iiiili;i|i|iy ImIii!.', rvcn lillri n yi:irH iinrr
llic iiiiirilcr iiI'IjIm kiiidnd, llinii^rlil lliiil » hiiari' wnx laid
I'nr him wlicti prKpli' caiiii' In Ull liiiii nl' tlir iiii|irisiiii.
lllrlit, mill sllnilly al'lrr, nf till' llralll 111' lli< re lll"rsilr>.s
rni'iiiv; ami il was willi i;rrat (liliiiully lliiit liv wus in-
llllirij Id ipiil Ills nllral.)
Wlirii III' hall •jratilii'd his rcvcii!.'!', and fniind lliiit Ihr
(iirily jiisliir hI'Iuh I'oiiiitry was aliniil In |iri>rn d ii(;ainsl
liitii. III' llrd t'niiii his iiati\(' tiiwii. Wliitliir hi' iHraiiir
11 liri'/aiiil thru, ilnis nut a|i|M'ar: hiil lie shiirlly iilirr
|ilayi d till' |iarl id'a hiro, liir im Irarniiiir llial Ihr •;iim rii-
ini'iil, rvi'r iiijiidiriiiiis and tyraiiiiii al, had Ihiiiwii Ins in-
iiiirriil hriithcM iiiln |iri~iiii, " hi' llrw," hr said, " im Ihr
winirs Hi" Iraliriial lovi." In ill'irt lliiir n Irasr, and |irr.
null d hiinsrl!' In Ihr rxlraiirdiiiary jiidiriary I'nnnnis.i'iiin
■ il'.\|iiihn silllii'_' al 'I'laiii. 'Ihr innnriinr iil'liis hrnlhirs
was imiili' rudriil.and ll" y «i rr rrli'asiii, lint all tin' in-
'.'iniiilv and ('lni|iii'iirr 111' Ihr alilii' (I'nr hr hail iiltaiiii il
111: t sai'rrdnl.il urailrj rnnlil iinl savr hinisi'll'. ('aiiilaj
|iiiiiisliij|i'iil, hnwrvrr, Was thru rare in Ihr kinirdnin nl'
Vaplrs, and rnnviclril and inanirnld iniirilrri T lis hr wa>i,
III- was iinly sriilinrrd In Ihr j.'alli'\s I'nr tillri n yrars.
Knr liiiir yrars hr was roiiliiud in Ihr niiisl horrid ihin-
Crnns, iirvrr hriiii; sriil In Ihr |darr a|i|iiiinli'd Ihr his
lrans|>iii'tarniM, Ihnniih he srvrral liinrs |ii lilinnril I'nr
Ihil rrninViil, u hiili wimlil liavr riinhli d liini In hrralhr
I'lrsli air ill h'asi liir a crrlain innnlMr ol" hours rnoli day.
ll wniiiil Ih" liio liiirrililr In rrlh rt oil ihr worl.injrs ol' a
iniiiil likr his, in darkni'sH and nlirr coliliiilr — in a vrry
hill ! t'roiii wliirli, as nii^lit hu r\|H'clril, hu caiiio out u
lirllil iliilrril !
Al lliii rxi'ivalinn of Iho loiirlh yrar of his ilrrailfiil
ronliiu'iiirnl he rnntrin'il In rsrapr. Itiit whillirr rnnld
111- L'o willioiit I'lii'Mils or iniinry .' 'I'lir !;nvrriiniriil ol'lii
I'liiinlrv had now pi'-snl iiiln llir lianils nl' ihr Kirinh,
w!in rvrri'l I d it with ninro rnir^y llinn thr iihl Hour
bulls, liiil thr priniiiri's, us I |i„vr alrraily rxplaim li
wrrr i.vrrriiti hy iliipirali' iiini, in whoiii, fur a loii;;
liiiir, wcrr r' ii'iiiiniird thr cliarartrrs ol" lirif;aMils iiinl
p.ililir.il p,inis-iii«. 'I'liO Aliat. Ciro, thirrti rr, went .-iiiil
jniiii'd our nl" IJM' i,in~t nnd.riniis n''lhi'-i' hand", V.I. :ih
hor.n arldiriwli (lirrii him as llnii rliii'.', .'iiiil L'rrw in nniii
lirrs n:iil |iriisprrid nml r lii- j;iiidanri' and liislri iii).^ t.;
Iriit.s. I'li'lrr ollirr riri'iinistiinrc's hr iiii;jlit havr 1h ru
nil i\it!Ii lit !.>liliiT — he liirnid nit a inre^t acmnipli-hiil
liilidil. Nnt o'lr nt" ll,r hand rnnld lire his rii'r uilli .'
mrr an aim, or iiiniinl his hnr-r likr thr pii'^l 1> ii ' 'ir
till llir rniir^-p ipl'hi^ va^'ahiiiid :'1hI hani lii'r, hiiii^' oMi'^i
to hiili i'nr sri'.sr.rs in the must honililr liolrsni'liir nuKs
or d"ptlis ni'llii' llirrst,aliil iml iiiirrripiriitly suii'i linir llir
want ol'lhi' iin'rcst nrrrssarirs I'nr iiiiinan sii-!. iiMui, hi
arnnirrd a stniiL'lh nrrnii^titiili.in, a rri>i|iiliniss of pur-
pose, and all adinilni'ss and rnniiinr' thr most rriiiarkalili',
rvrii aiiinii;: iiirii whnsr iiioiirs nt' lil'c, of nr^^•^ily, con
llniiril a-id stn inilliriii d ihr sainr ipialilii ■■.
Oiii' ol' hi.'* liist rxjilnits, iitli-r rsrapin;.' frnin f!ir dun-
pi'iins ol' firrrr, wus In prni'tratr with his salrlliirs iiiti
our ot' till- lirst hiiirH'S of thr lilllr Inwn ol" .M.irliiin
wlii-rr, al'lii' liaviiN' nli'rrrd linlmrr to thr prrson nt' it^
inistr.'s.-, hr iniinhn d hi i, ami all lirr prnplr, and ilr
raiiipiil witli a lart'i' sum ol' rrady iiionry. This drill
was Inl'nwril up liv iiiiinrrniis rriinrsot' Ihr likr natiirr.
until what with truth, anil a lilllr iialiiral rxan-u'rralinii,
thr aniDiinl nf drliiKpiriirirs was iiio-l frarfiil, and iin-
lhiii;r was hranl nt'hiit Ciro Annrrhiarirci. This was m
iiiiirli llir f::»r, that snnir yrars iil'tiT, whrn hr ihiniuiit
it rvpriliriil 111 s.iiil ill a jnvliliratiiHi of his rnniliirl, hr
Kaiil llial, " w liatrvi r rohln'ry, whalrvrr iniirilrr, wliatrvir
nsRas^iiiarinn was rnminitird on Ihr lai'r ot'llir riirlli, was
instantly altrihntrd t.> Ihr .'Mi.itr .Aiii.i rliiariro,"
Thr ixtrnt ol'lliis rrpntalioii rniild not hill he danurr.
oils In him — yrl hr rnntiiinril, yrar nt'lrr yrar, lo i hiilr
in-rrv pursuit, and tn hafllr Ihr many hiriidrrds ol'snhlirrs
that wrrr mr isiniiiillx sriit inriinsl him. Ilr was always
wril moiin^i d. A n trral ol" thirty or I'nrly iiiilrs in a
day, was as nnlhiii'.' tn him — I'liil rvrn wlini mnliilriitial
Bpirs had irvrali d ll"' ]ih rr n!' his cnin'ralini lit hut a liw
hours III I'nrr, and his pnrsiirrs rmiir upon hi'ii with thr
full piinlidriirr that tin \' rhniilil laki' him al last, his skill
mid acliviiv always sirvril him nt iirrd, and hr iscapnl.
This sinirnlar [rnoit rnrlimr, or rathrr lalrnl, nl" In iiiir
ahlr In oxliitalr himsrir from Ihr iiinsl immini'iil ilaii-
pcri', aripiind I'nr him, nnionjr the prnpli;, thr vahiahir
rrpntation of a ni'croninini'r, upon whom ordiimry iinaiis
of altark hail no power; and Ciro, lM'coiiiiii(r aware of
thi-', neiileeled notliiii(r wliirh could ronlirni Ihr idea,
end innrrawi the sort of sp<'ll il prodiirrd njuiii the iifiio.
ruiil,ni|M'rsliliniis pcasani-''. The rnmitry penplr, inderil.
Boon earrird their Hars so lar, thai lliey dared not exe.
crntr, or even hlaiiie Don Ciro in his ah-eiire, so liriiily
wiTP tliry |)i rsnaili'd lliat his driimn would iinmcdialrly
inform hiin of it and rrndiT tliciii obnoxiiiiiH tn lili hlonily
rrvi'ii^'r.
.Mi'anwhlh'.n rolilirr hy profosfinn — an nnlinly wi/aril
in the iinaL^iiiuliiiii of oilier men — » i.'exil in realily,
Don Ciro iieM-r wholly ri'lni<|iii'.hr(l his saeerdotal
rhnrneler ; on the ronlrary, hi- winilil frcipipnlly |)i>rfnrm
itii fnrielinii!>. rololiratinjr the mass nnd other snleinn
riles 111 the handilli — who are L'enerallv fnimt! in Italy
lo have a stroiijr rilisli for rp|ij.'iiin, siuli as il is, unil
who will fend a knife into your bosom while u erneifix
and a reliipiary repise upon their own. Furl her to
slrencthon ihr anonialy of his |Hiiilinn as a priest, he
was nreiistomi ll lo derlare the whole ealholio prieslhooil
roiMies wiihont faith; ami he ntl'eeled himself a very
liherltiie iharaelir, addlrlin',' hiinsell' in a parlii'iilar
manner In llie perii.'.al of ir.derent French songs, ii
\\ hole Colli el ion ofwhuliwns nine fiiiiiid in his pnrl
folio. .Moreover, his [lassinii for fair woman ireneralised
itself; and hesiiles il.4 aeeideiilat i;r.-illliral.nn, he had,
al the period of his jKiWer, iiiislresses in nil ilio luuiis
III' the provinee.
The other hands of banditti, eonipared with this
priest. roh'ier's, were ai,j;i'ls ot'inerey. Yet in tin: course
nC |ier|rt'tratini; the iihksI riillilesM crimes, Oon Ciro
would .snnielimes iniliilf^o in whims In which he tr'eil to
•liveaii airot'i,',nerosity. ("'iiernl I>'( lllavio, a Corsiean
in the service of .Mural, had Ions: lioeii pnrsniiip bun
with a tliniisniid men. One il.iy Ciro, whoso audacity
was freqnenlly ipiiio roinanlie, nniied at all (lointit, sur-
prised the (rriieral, unarmed and alone, walking in his
own carilen. lie discovered liiinsolf — prnnounccd his
dreaiird name, and remarked, that tlie lilb of the
lieni rill, w lio smiglit his life, was in his hands. " Hiit,"
said he, " I will pardon yon this lime, although 1 shall
eea-'O III he so indulgent if yi.ii continue to limit me
alniil with fo nuuli jury I" '1 hns saying lie lou|>cd over
llie garden wall and di.sapjiearrd.
When Kiig Kenlinaiid was restored to his stales on
liie eoiilii eiilal side rd' the Faro hy the grout political
^•ame of Murope, in wl irli he had ln'in ahniit us neutral
us a marker in whist, he reealleil, as I have already
meiitinlied, such as had been fiioriiKrili liir political
rpiiiiniis. T here were many mlilnrs in this miiiiher,
hut Ciro .\iiae. llial irn"s eriiii'"s were (,|' loo deep a die.
Vel this ls>!d villain did not fear lo present liimsolf to
the piiMio authorities at I. eeee, claiming bin majesty's
ainnesly. 'i'hc niagislrales nave liiiii a safe cordncl to
I he I ily of Ihiri, where lie was to reside, under the eye
nf the pnliee, liir tliu present, lie pretended afterwards
thai he li It remi.r.-e and repentaiiie al this lime, and
men eiiterlaiiud .i serious idea of fhulling himself up
in llic cnllego of the missionaries, and passing llio re.-l
of his da\s ill fasliiii^ and [irayers. "I « .s on the
point,'' sail! he in his ju>tilie.ilioii, '• of folln'.viiig up my
unhlo reMiliiliiin, when the ihunihrlHilt hurst ii|hiii iii\
head {iiliirrlie Dilrtiii arrosrij ilil ri'ilcnli^^iiiKi fnliiiiiii .
rlir si itd'^liiirii sill mill (■«/'".) i have not liircn enough
to express In yon, Imw my heart was rent, or the do-
pinralde stale «hieli I iiiiserahly sank iiitn, when I wu:-
seeretlv iii'i'riiied by a faithful friend, ihal my uiresl
was nrdered on the cruel acriisalinn of having infringed
the reV'il iiianili.le. 1 vanished like lightning fioiii
llaii; i Weill lo lie capital lo obtain redress, and todis-
cover once more the black conspiracy against mo. All
was vain. The hnpes I had cherished 'lisappcarcd ; am!
uliilr perplexed as lo llie steps I ought lo lake, the
po'.ver of my relentless persecutors prevailed. Al last
I leH the capital, and guided only by that fortitude am!
coiislaiii'y .so liccessary in my ini-tiirlunes, I betook
myself lo i;iy old liaunts in the solitude of the Ibre.sts,
and recniniiieneed u savage and wrelehod lill'."
This was al the end of IHI."!: towards the tormina
tionof the fl.llnwing year, Pon Ciro, bavin,'; well I'lii-
ployed l!ir inti rvrniiii; lime, and now lakiiig the alarii
al llie adoplion of vigorous inrusiires hy the govern,
iiiei,! to put down the brigands, cniiieived the bold ideii
of iiiiiliiig all the various bands of robbers and outlaws
of whatever fielioii or denoiniiialion, to oppose the
mnreli of the kinii's troops with all the liirces Iliey could
muster, and otherwise to assert henceforward one com
moll cause.
The Vatdarclli, the most ciinspicnoiis of tlib robbers,
were then cnioying the bonnurs of their royal capiliila-
tinn and were in the king's pay; but t'lro knew there
were grounds of fear and dissatisfaction existing amoii!!
Iliem, and lio|ied lo induce them "lo turn out" again
lie (hereliiro invited them, with the chiefs of other
bands, tn a personal conference, in order, in Iho fust
place, to I real of the measures lo lie pursued against
Cicneral Cliurch, who wus coming into their provincoe
at Ihe headof the king's troops: ai;d these worthies li,rf,
uieoniiiigly, two ditferent interviews, the first al I^,
lid of l.-lb, in n little deserted ehapel, where Don ( le,
eeieliraled muss iMMiire he began the eonlemiee, nml Hit
M'cond ill the inniith of March or April li^l*. in a ttrm
lietweeii S. Kraiiio and (Hiiju. Caetuno Vurdaielli dif.
Iired us lo the propriety of a junction. He reprcseiilfil
that il wniild he wi II to act in concert, hill still soimriif.
ly, and that they ought hy all means In avoid a general
iiisnmclion, ol which they might easily hcconie i'>
vielims. "Ashing," said lie, "as our lianils are i,,|
iiir leroiis, government w ill he deceived, and make ui;
upon lis feehlv, as it does now ; hut as soon as we li.rii,
ourselves into a more iinporliint body, it v ill tie foncr:
til scud an army against us." It appeared, that iL.
Vardarelli, tin. ugh dissalished, were inclined lo «.!]•
eveiils; and their advice, or noii-adhcsiou, overset hnn
Ciro's grand plan.
Dili still holder and more comprehensive was Ihe iioi;
project ol' thi:i exiinnidliiaty man. Seeing the coiihin
overrun by sects and secret soeielies, whii h, iiiidi r t'..
iinines of Carhomiri, \e. aiined at pnlilical clian^'..
diireiing in ipialily,but alleipial iir ahsiirdily, and sumk
of which exercised vengianen too horrible anil riles t<i.
disgusting or riilieulous lo ineiition, — he I'aiicied llur.
hy placing liimsclf at tlin head of one of these, he cnuli!
not only gratify his passion for |iluiiiler and revenge, liu
iilliinatcly erect himself into Ihe chief of a wmi<ler:iil
republic, whoso iniliienccs wore lo be fell, not orrr
.Vaples or Italy alone, but over the whole e.Ttent c
l')urope, whose monarchs, whether conslilulional or aL
solute, were all lo sink under the dagger of his volario
('ito Anacchiarico does not ap|)enr to have createc
either, hut lo have united two of Ibe^e mysterious jf.
eielles of ciit-lhrnals, who had assumed the names, tii;
one of " I i'atrioti Kuro|Ki," (The Furopean I'atrieis.
the other of" I Decisi," (The Decided or Heselule.l \<
the allilialion I liavo heurd traced be correct, these sic;.
Iintli rose out of the Curhonari; and the niodcrale aii:
respectable men — and there were many and n!;inr
thousands such — of that secret society, ought lo hai*
paused ami shuddered when I hey saw how easily \li-r
conduct might he iinilaled and |Hirverled, and lowhi'.
horrors secret societies might Ihi turned. Tli?seasM.
cialions of the " Patriots" and the " Decided" incrc,i.-cc
rapidly, from Ihe weakness of the governnicnl in ne-
glecting, at fust, lo punish the guilty, and from iIk
notorious coriuptioii oflliu inferior government olticrn
and lower clergy. It was Ibiind that priests were ;,•■
ladled tB all their camps and rumifications. lic-^nin
our loliber.priest, Don Ciro, whoso superior luleiit n":
remorseless modo of pioeeeding soon put him at the
head of the whole, the arch-priest Cirino Cicillo. i.i
Cacuiiiola, Vcrgiiie, of Coreglianc, and I.eggcri, fillo.;
iinportant situalinns in the sect. The arch-priest Ziir!'i.
nf Val-aiio, narlieularly disliiiguishcd himself, and in
his native town, and nii Cliristnias eve, be reneweil j
scene of the middle ages, — he celebrated the iiiidiii;;lit
mass, armed lini;i head lo foot'.
As soon us tlieso Imiids feompared to whom ll*
avowed brigands had hilherlo been inoilernlc and ilefn-
rous associations) liadaci;uired somcstrcnglh, they sent
delaehiiiriits into nearly every town and village m
Apulia. Supported by a larger troop in 111" neigliliour-
liood, they soon iM'came the despotic iiiasli :s of solitary
nr insulated places. A horde of twenty or thirty n:
those riiitiaiis.who prclendedu iiiore peculiar inspiration
ol repiililiitunisiii and secret soeietyship, overran lli^
eoiiiilry, disguised and niaskeil as punehinellos, coiniiiil-
ting alroi ities, in more ways than one, too iinnalurii
and loathsome lo bear repeating.
The most horrid criiiio perpetrated by Iho priest Don
Ciro was under this disguise of the nalional biiU'ein
I here was a beuulil'iil woiiiuii in a remote village, o:
whniii he hud Iweniiie p;issiLiiialcly ciiiiiiiniired (after lii'
'iishieii), hut wlinii, iirilher his presents, his proiiiisrs
iinr his tlireats, cniihl sediiee. It was carnival liiiic
and on u certain evening she and her relations ano
I'rieiids were eiijoyinjj the pleasures of a dance ami i
feast. Don Ciro and several of his more desperate rJ-
herenls came lo the house, disguised as l*iincliiiielle>.
Al that aeason of madness, eveiy house, where an en-
lerlainuieiit is !;oiiig on, is open, and as ull the nei;'li.
bnurhnnd are masking and iiiiiiiiiiiing. it is of course ma
easy, nor is it utteiiipliMl,lo disliiiguish who the thron;;-
iiig guests may he. Don Ciro proved himself an ar
eeptahle one liy bringing a plentiful supply of excellci;!
wine, in which he and his couiradcs pledged the cein-
pany. and drank /irii/i/Mi*, or rhymed toasts, of aduiirablf
fiicctiuusncss,
H
1
They 1 1
hflillf Ih
<i<in. Ibr ll
of all (be
M jrriHlc
■ hiiiidani f
the ear of
-Mention
hiiii»ell', ho
<ui leiiiaii"
men were
M nbn
quitted bis
Tfiice, made
picjdcd hii
as ever.
and wisliin
linu-a-— whi
.\nd so we
drunk and
had lieen
tligratinn.
ine power ol
was no esca
ncir pro»|i»!<
presiion of
Tirlini, and
havinv oht.ii
been so disa|
In places i
most daring
ninmciit to cj
the inysteric
IVroiie piling
of m'vciilv —
and arterwan
inlrmliiced hi
il.'Iivcring a 1
nf l*e.lee of
liiiiatcj in tin
These bli-jii
It WIS abs,>hi
(■>seil In their
lj!e. The sor-i
and p.'ficeed a
iiidiviihial wni
diys and iiigli
iilijiii.111 of Ihe
the .\pulian sc
as his treineiid
Tliey did no
and (lersonsof
werelo lie dire
• niong the Icsi
gentry, who wi
tlirm. 'Iliesc ni
ri''b;'Co:niiig bri
sficcics of brigi
oy Din Ciro a
pirls of his pla
ble of his se'cti
been the vicliii
pithy can be in
who could alb
mnrderers, like
inenl. instead c
il« assistance, i
.\ iiK'eting at tl
nipsns of checl
trcited at Xa[i
p\teiiiialinn, lie
C vermiient it
Tnlleuien or iii
, .'.vincei, were
nliich had all a
Kiiropei, or De
Hriiig ill the con
under di.^rnssio
voriiment also I
line l> Iween Ih
ulreidy ni"iilIoii
all the secret soi
1 saw, [larlly ac
ftai.ees which 1
ilishniiouralile ti
men. .Siiiie we
rniiii N,ipl»s, w
p-tites. some Wl
t' luie/voiis was I
one, and the mo
THE PRinfrr-HOIIIIEK.
99
liCM' wurlhipuliaii.
, tlin lirst ill II:p
I, «li( rii l><>n t II'.
onlrrpiiff, nti'l ll-*
ril ir>ll. ill n t»riii '.
iiio Vard'iiplli ihf-
. He ri'|>rr>rn|c>ii
, lull ft ill sp|iar iif.
In tivoid n prnrral
PHJiily hrroiiic i'*-
iitr liaiiiK nrr i..[
■rd, niid inakr w,:
IS nnnt\ as uo liirii.
■, it » ill tio I'l.np.:
ppriirrd, llial il.
i> iiiiliiiril In «n,'
CKioii, overset itnn
Iisivo was llir hc\:
Sociiij; tlie iiiiii.ln
<, wtiii II, iiiidi r 1',.
imlilical cliaili;. .
iisiirdit V, niid soun
rrildc null rilosi..,
,— lir raiicifd tiiar.
< of tlirsc. lie riMilii
cr and rcvonjii", ki
lief of a wondpriiil
lie fell, not onr
10 wliolc extent o;
onstitutionni or ab-
;gnr of his volarifv
r to have CTcalfC
icso niystrrinns ku
mod the iinines, the
l!iirn|ican Tatrii.ts.
cd or (lefoliitP.) It
corrcrt, lliesw" sec!)
I llic moderate ami
ninny and iiiani
irty, nnglit to lia\f
aw linw easily thci:
verted, and to «lm
irned. 'I'li^se asso.
Decided" increa.-M
(riivprninciit in ne-
lilty, and Ironi tlw
(.Mivernnieiil olVicrri
lat priests v»-ero al-
ilicalinns. lie^iiV*
sii|ii'riiir talent nt >:
111 put liini al Ilir
|l Cirinn fieillo, ri
and l.cirpcri, fillea
areh-priest Xiir!'i.
ed liiiiiself, anil in
eve, lio renewi il a
,iled llic iiiidniL'lit
[red to whom tli«
liinderatc and dern-
Istrcnpth.lhey soni
\\n and villape in |
in 111" neighliour-
JntasW-rs of solilurr
Ivenly or thirty o: I
yeenliar innpiration
,sliip, overran tlif I
luliinellns, commit- 1
Inie, tiH> iiiiiiaturji
I hy I ho prict idt
natlniial liiitl'"< <'
IreMiole villaw, n
lainnitred (after In
Viil!*, his prtiiiiisos I
MS carnival tiiiit. |
llier relntions i
lof n daiieo anil 1 1
Jioro desperate sJ-
II as Pnneliiiiellc'«-
lis-p, where an en- 1
II as all the neirh- 1
, il is of e.inrse ml |
III who the tlirnnc-
Id hinisi'lf an ar
liipply nf cxeellcil |
liledged the e
|)a8tti,ofadinirabl(|
Ther tlien joined Ihedaneo, the dis|;nised priest so-
l^^ljiij ilio happy and iiiisiis|>ecliiiK olijeet oi' his pas.
4IIIII. tor lii^ [Kirtiirr. After niiinorniis laraiitellaK, which,
of all the dances 1 have seen, are the most enlcniateil
to irritate vnluptuonsness, the party sat diiwii to an
ihiindant cuiiiier, llie piinch-rnhlMT-priest still orenpyitiL'
the ear of the beautiful /nirxirm, and only dptiichini; lii-
-•iLiilinn friH'i her In make the parly drink. As liir
|,i,„u>|l° ho merely tniiclied the wine with his lips, and
m iPiiiained (lerfeetly snlier, whilst all Uic rest of tin
men wero fa«l appr<iaeliiii|r intoxication.
At what he considered an o|iporlnno moment, ho
niiitled hi* piinchiiiellu sipioak, resuined his natural
mice, made himself known to llio woinnii, and asaiii
niejded his pissi4in. The |K)or creaturo was as averse
IS ever. He then rose, hccknned to his enmp'iniuns.
and n-ishint; the festive parly jrimd nijilit, loft tin
l„Mi<r which, in half an lionr, was wrap|Kid in llainis.
.\nd so well laid were tlio rohher'a matches, and so
drunk and stiipilied tho revellinir |iousants, whose wine
hid been driii;!;ed, that they all perished In the eoii-
Atanunn. Oon C'irn himself, when in prison, and in
tRc power of (iencral Church, from which ho knew there
iras no escaiic, related this atrocions exploit, :ior did the
near pro>|iect of death induce him to niuko a aiii(;lo ex
presiion of reniorae. He dwelt on tho beauty of his
victnii, :ind his still cxistinf; mortification at his not
havinv obtained her love, boasting that ho had not ofton
been to disappointed.
In places where open force could not bo employed, the
most daring disciples were sent in secresy to watch the
mnmcnl to execute tho sentences nf death pronounced in
llie mvKlerioiis society. In this inannur, tlio sectary
I'erone plnn^ed his knifo into the bowels of an old man
of seveiitv — the res|ieetal)lc Dell* Aglio, of I'Vancuvillu.
and afterwards massacred his wife anil servant, havini;
inlrwlnced liiin«clf into their house, under pretence of
delivering a letter ; and in the same manner, the Justice
uf I'eai-e of I'lingo Itotniiilo and his wiliiWero assus.
(iiiatej in tliiir own (.-a id, n.
These blooily sectaries would not snn'er ueulrallly
It WIS ab!!.>liitely neees-'ary to join them, or to live ex-
(losed In their venieancp, which appeared to lie inoviln-
ble. The sneiety would pass a secret sentence of death
and p.-.iepnd at once In its exeeiilion.or, if necessary, an
iiiilividual would lake the iill'ice upon himself, and wail
days and nights, until ho eniild strike the blow. 'I'lie
obi OLIO of the inniintains seemed risen Irnni the grave —
the .Vpiilian sectaries were as sanguinary and unerring
as bis tremeiidons satellites had boon.
Tlievdid not invito tho supjiortof the rich proprietors
and iirrsonsnf distinction, against whom their hnstililies
iveretn lie directed ; but they unhappily found partisan:
amon:r the less wealthy; and some fen nf the inlerinr
<»enlrv, who were jealous of the high nobility, also joined
tlirm. 'I'hesc men would prnhably have blushed at the idea
o''b"co:niiighriganils,yet cuiild there Ih'U moredelcslah!e
s(ireii's of hri^anrtajo, than what was revculed to them
or Din Ciro and his associates ! Kven allowing that
pirt< of his plan were not divulged lo the innro lospecta-
ble of his sectaries, (who, in the long run, iinist have
been the victims of tho nmro villanous,) yet what syin-
pitbv can be inspired by the imlilical aspirations of men
who could ally themselves with known robbers and
murderers, like Aiiicchiaricoand Ids gang ? The govern-
ment, instead of sumni'ming the opulent proprietors to
it< assistance, ofleiided and disgusted llieiii by distrust.
\ inceting at the fair uf (ialantina, to doliherato on the
niejns of checking the disorders, was cried down, and
trcited at XapU's as a revolutionary proceeding. In
utennatinn, however, of this seeming iiiiprudciiee ol
C verTinieiil it iiiiisl be nieniinned, that many nf these
intleinen or iinlilenicn, resident on their estates in the
, >.vincc<, were themselves members of secret societies,
which bau all a political scope; they were not I'atrinti
Hiiropei, or Decisi, but they were ('arbonari : — this I,
brim in the country, but 11 Iw'foro and iiHer the events
miller di..>russio:i, know very well — llie Neapolilan go-
vernment also knew il, and they could liaidly draw i
line Iclwecn the sects, tho objects of all ol ulilcli, ay
alreiily ni"iilioned, wi re revoliilionary, and they feared
illlbc secret societies alike. In tho winterof l!!l(i-17.
1 saw, [lartly aceiriinlally, and partly through cireiiiii.
rl.ini-ps which I did nut >-ei:k, but which it would be
ilislionoiirable to disclose, a rc-union of these gent le-
mon. Sinic wero provincial nohihty, some iiolileiiicn
Iroin Naplt.s, who oiil- occasionally rosided on their
o-l-itis. some were snli-^tantial farmers. The hour nl
mill, zmiis was inidiiiglit — the hoiifc selected a snlilary
one, and the luctnbors of tho club canio Hingly, or in
parlies of two or three each, on horseback, and u ilhoiit
.iiiy alteiiifanlH, This ap|»enranee nl'iiiy^l'ry and ni^^lil-
pliillini;, tlioiiQli sntlieientlv rniiianlic. dnl not eaplivate
ine niueh, and young as I was, I conM in t help lieliiiii
thai the milward and visil.le slmwiii!; of these naenera-
tors or reliiriiMTS was against theni. .As one of the
iiniiiiliateil, I was not adiiiilted totheir deblMralions; lint
I was inliirined that they all tendi'il In the estalili>hiiienl
III' a enii-iitiiiioiial govurnincnt in tho kingdom of the
Two Sicilies,
\\ lien the IK-eisi liecamr so formidable, tliese pcntle-
ineii, however, showed the purity of their ihtentioiiH, hy
aidiiii; the gn\eriiiiK'iit 'o tlicir iilniost, as sihiii as ninie
energy was shown, and by i-o-oiK-ratiiig with tieiicral
('liiireh, with whom many indikidiials of this class
served h )lli as olfn ers and piiv.;te volunteers,
Itiit at the same lime, (*eiieral r,istore, coininandant
nf these prnviiiecs, anil the Mar'|uis riedicatella, liitend-
aiit of I.ei'ce, inllamcd parly spini by iiniialing the sys.
Iciii of Ci. iiosa,* and setting up private siK-ietics to work
ajiaiiist private soiaeties : the M.ilinnal i;inr(l. under their
orders, suirercd itself to lie partly seduced hy tho I'a-
Iriuti and Decisi scclnrii s, and n fiiiiiilM-r of soldiers and
some otiicers nf the Crown battulinii of reserve wore
similarly corrupted.
The numlier of these daring sectaries Ind arrived nt
its greatest height in the mniilli nf December )M7, nr
of January Irtlll. At this [lorind they were estimated at
i!U,()(IO iiieiil 'I'lie mass of tliciii lived at home, in ap-
parent lroni|uillity, on llic produce of their prolcssions ;
but Ihcy were net tho less active in coniinitting uiilicnrd-
of crimes, as their detection was the more liillicull. I'cr-
sons have been known, when in the |Hjwor, and under
tho daggers of those riitlians. In si:;n contracts for the
sab' of their houses or lands, the olijects of llie cnpidilv
of tlie.,.e desperadoes; the contracts wereeveeulcd in aji
the forms of the law, and acknowledgments were given
by the unfnrtimalo owiicis tor euhij which tiicy had
never received.
The sittings of these societies were, al first, in the
night, like the more res|iectahle re-iminn I have mcn-
lioiied, and weie earcfnlly guarded by sentinels; theii
inililary exercises took place in solitary houses, or sup-
pressed and descrtei' convents ; hut taking courage bv
degrees, they were al\erwards see i |s-rli)riiiing llieii
evolutions by day, and in the open air. Mo>t ol' them
had fire-arms : all fiad poniards. They also began In
organise tt corps of cavalry.
The patient of this society siiflieiently explained its
objects. It was an ob'oiig, si|uare paper, or parehinent.
Two of the angles were ornanicntcd with a skull, over
one of which was inscrils'd "Sadness," and llie word
■'Death" over the other, Tho opposite antrles had
cross-bones, with the inscriptions "Terror" and" Mourn-
ing," ^)ii the top nf the patent were the fasces and the
cap of liberty, planted U|K)n a death's head, and sup-
ported by two axes. At the bolloin was a tliiinderliolt
darting from a cinud, and shivorinip tho rnyal crnwiis
and the pupal tiara. Strijies nf yellnw, reii, and blue,
the tri-cobiiir of the society, surrounded the patent, 'i'lu
words of tho patent were tlicsc :
" The Salentine Dccibion.
Health.
N° Grand Masons.
"The Decision of .lupiter the Tliundercr hopes lo
make war against tho tyrants of the I'niyerse, &.c."
(Tlicsr irorils nf tr/drli oii/y tlie iiiilials irrrr gi'rc/i, ircrf
irrillin in liluinl,iis were several oilier jmrls of lite iloeu-
meiil.)
"The mortal is a Ilrother Decided. N°. — , be-
longing to the Decision of Jupiter tho Thunderer,
spread over the fiicn of Ihe earth, by his decision, has
had the pleasure of belonging to this Salentine Kepub-
• 'I'lii' lih! ill' this iiinil partis 111 .niil plninr. llie i-rinreni'Cnnns-i.
w until lie as iiiiMiMMi! tis iliiii III' any i-iili-|iir.-itiii er liriL'aiul cIik (
III' WHS 111,' iiii.ri lanniii' ,,r tnyali-ls. ami tiiiKi, it lie coliiil piil
iliiwiitlii I'arli ii:iri,iir iilir.illlii fais, hy iin .'insiirili,, MH'ii'i\ nt itie
I'al.iainri, i nl ".i-lliiurl,iin'i,is. IIIimmI.'iihI ptiimler wrrennililiu,' ii
liis !')'», pi<,,iitiil iliiy w.rki'il tiir llie kini; auil llii- Inilf lailli
^■^ I Iti'Wiis a (■ I ■nlitiiiiis man, tl>oriiiii.'til)' ciMi\liit'i il ul tin
^.'. ii'tliiissnt' liis Kiiiiiu'— a pni t with <,.ti-iit> riltl,' h. nil teat |M,wer ;
ini'liiiia I,, anil inlr.i.Mv niiiiiitite in priviue socn'ly, anil, like tin
■ IM III ,\li:ii r>. \ri> 1 1 ,il' I liH'ks ami wnlrhi's. Aliiniiy m,
ri'ii'
, Il
I'Vrlllllc |ia--,il ill llie ^anle ronrc*-^,,
:/,.»>' wiili him, Hint -"v, ril nil' iitii'« »iili the rnnioiis rnpl . .
Itnnn, •> ' 1 was a very ilil'irent ilinraciir, with noihins nf li,
iniiii r iiniiliiniu .'ilioiil lilm. Imheil. I iniilil hIiiicisi s.ay nl Mm
whal I.I I I 111 • 11 ill. I 111 All ('a«lia, nf Ji.aiiMina, thai li,' was nO'
.if llii' niii-l iini ali'e. liilitli'inanty nhl renlli'ineli I ever iner. (\i,
ilin.il II (itn I « n«, ti' .vM'\ ir, iin ni.ire an Mi I'lislia ilian n ( 'anl)^ i. Tlil»
veiieraliti' priiiii' of lli,' llunriii rinireli wa« vt r\ iinllaiil, anil iiini I,
pliasi'it iviiti ihi' -.III, .1 ...' ludic-., wli.iiii, iji.iii'uver, lit: r-viueil ii.
)i(iKserblli art iit plcsat^.
licaii Decision. We invite, tlieiefore, all pliilanlliriipic
<(ii'ii'ties III 'end llieir .-Irotin' arm In itie same, ami lo
is-i-l liiiii in his W' lit-, he liai illu eniiie l.i the Dei i^l-ill,
that he will iilitain Liberty or Death. Duled tins d.iy,
the nl , iVc."
Here folluwed three signatur s wrillen in bl'sid.
Isl. tlf the firand .Mast, r, with liiiir points after il,
which indieatrd his power of passing sciiteiiie ul'dcilli.*
2l\. Ol'tlic .Second Dei tdeil.
•Id, Ot'tlic UeL'istcr ot' the Dead, whose {'nnetioiis did
not ret.'ite lo the ileccased meiiiber:: of the sneiety, lei I to
the vii'tims they iiiimolated. and nf wlioiii they kept a
re(;ister apart, on the niar:.'iii of vvliieh wcru tijniid
blaHpheniins and niost internal projects.
The excesses nf such a sneiety, directed bv such a
man or iiion-'ti'r, tis Ciro Anicchiarien, may be easily
eniieeivi il. Itiil they were now ilrawiiii.' to their i lo^ .
Ceneral Church, armed wiih the royal Alter- l^gi, r
with t'lill and iinliiniled |iower, was sent into tlir-e ili"-
tracled provinces, wlieto Ins ei,,'rgt'tie ami pniil.iit
conduct cannot ho too niiicli praised. He cros:.ed the
river DIanto in the .'\piiliaii plain with I .'I II I men,
chielly of the Ihreign regiinent'i in llie Neapolitan ser-
vice, tiirined by himself; among them were somn com-
panies of ( avalry. Ho could depend ii|H)ri this force,
uliicli was for llio greater part composed of (lennans,
."'W iss, .Morcotes, and Albanians, The solifcry already
ill tho country were only to bo depended upon, after
they had witnessed the firm detcrniination willi which
the geneial set about his duty, and after the factious
individuals, contaminated hy Ihc sectaries, had lieeii
weeded out. The atne was the case with the mililia.
Kncouraged by the example set them i y the diikea
of San Cesurco and .Monle Jasi, and others nf iha
nobility and wealthy proprietors, sr\er;\l iiiiliv iilnals
even nf the lowest class, furnished iiil'irmalioii ciiieerii.
:iig Dull Cirn and hid soctaii:'>, und joined heart .-iiiil
hand in the nicasnres :iir Ihcir c lerniitialion, I'ho
:ear of not being supported had nitliertn prevented
these hnnesl men fioiii acting ; hilt siiil the gieatcr part
■ if tho inli'rior older were shy and silent, iiiainlainiiig a
line of conduct which indicated thai they wnnlil not
hesilaln lo declare liir the scelaiies, it' the hitler should
sneceed against (lencral CImreli. This wa . particularly
observed ill the in i;;lili.inrho.Ml of Taraiitn, at Cn.tla-
:.'ln>, S.in .'Mai/aiin, M.'iitina, and Krane.iiilla. the usual
haunts nf DonCiio Aniechiai ieo ;iiiil his fii.'nds. When
iHiieraU'liureh first visited these places, the inlnibitanls
looked on in gloomy silence, and no person salnteii him ;
a poor old iiii.nk was the only pi ri.ii whohuwed t.i hini.
The bandils and Ihe banislicd were sntninone.l li .r the
la.'-l lime hiliirc Ihc mval cominis.-iin at I.ecci .i Don
' Tin > ^lalli'll•( ri'il w iili m.-tliml niiil snl iiinliy. nr at li a'l, ifi. y
\\ rre I'litiiilli'il SI) 1.1 till liv til. 11 lii',llliili(ili„. As sniili ;i- llli' si I la
ri. ■, i'iii|il.i\i,l on tliis MiMi'i' I inii.l II i mum uii'iil in i Itiit ih.ir
|illl|>..M', at till' hil'lial nl 111" lirsl lll.l.'l of ,'1 niillini t till') llll>ll. llllli'll
It, I'll i!a:!ui'i>; il.i'\ aiiii.tl tli.'i.t al tin ir \ n lim nl tli.' si i .>ii'l li'a-l ;
.11 till! ttliril llieV' tir'.llna'h apinnn tie.l Itieil », il|ililis in Ills litiil>,t ;
anil HI the tiinnll, " Willi I'l.; elillni.-la^m," In il^e ttirir rannihal
taiii^iiiiue, llii'> p!iiiii:ril iIm'Iii inlii lii> ti'.ily ! Tla'.-c t'liiir li.'i>.-Is wire
',\liitin!i>i'it 1.) tile f.'lir 1I.1I.S al'h r llli'i;ianil .Ma.-t.'Ts liliine. Win 11
ihe II' I'i '. wrnte to ail\ mil', lint of tlie erit'T, In I'M, i t I'l.nlrilni'
tioiis. i>r 111 eninnii.nil him In ilo aii,v tlilni: — if ttnsi, liiiir pniil'A
ivi ri' nil the IKiiHT, it was kii >w n that ttii' ,h rsnii tiny tiililie^M U
was eulltti'llini'il tn llralll. in rll'^" nf llt-ntii'itii'iici'. If llin |M,'liTs
WI re lint iii'ii'iii'il, he was llireaii'ir 1! wall niililer pnnistiini'nt, siii li
as lav'ills Wlistv hs tieUls, in Inirliiiiu Ins lloiii,i',
t The exri'tatile exri'sses nf llie sei'iel Mieii'lit's liail spjeail in tlill
ni'j'.'liliniirlinnil nf l.i'Cei . w liirli IS a lart'e and tiiii' 1 ily. A niiiiiln r
"f irspei'llllilL' vnilliu llli'li were iliMl ti il hy tile spilil nf invsliriMii,
.mil snilileiily liecnme fiiiianr anil liln.i.ty-i'iiiiitnl. '1 Im maitiiesri
thai |iri'Vllll''il was nlliinst nm'reiiniilnl'ti'', Al C.il'.ipnii, Itie U'lal
''i:-iii.'irl, wli.ili is ati.1111 u\.iil\.Iivi' mill's iriiiii Itii' I'ilx nf I.e. re,
-I'M rat v'.tii'iL' liii'ii, w III iii'iirly all nf w In. in I Iinil Ii'tii nriiiieinti'il,
-iir|iri>*i'il a tniin^iiriii in •' live urnv^ ne ir In tin In ::nilfiit v il
'.i<! ' III till' I'iM'iiiiii, wli '. Ill" l^altii'iilitiins t.ave llieir rnioilry
h'.tis's, ami immlirril him in rniillilonil, anerllie t'a-l.iiinnf / I'lilri-
ft A ri'.iy.. liinil / Ihri.-'i r.ai'linf thi'iii hniii'il a stll, tlni-i llie limly
nf the seh'.'ti'il virtiin. nliiini llii'v li t'l ill nil nn.l li..riitil\ ,1 antliif.
'I'hi'i rijiiiiri'il tiy iii'jtil iin.l hnrmil tin foil;, ivilli ilrv hniiirln i, anil
liviL's nf the olive Ireis, bill Itii'v iM r.' niM'.'.i. r it in tin ir intirnal
wnrk. nml sliiirlly allir nrr.'^'iit .'U"l tin u. 1:1 tn trial. 'I'lii > Wire
nil vi'ty vniini-' till 11-- -I'l.ii' .1 iln m in. r.' slnplin'-^ 1 im ivii-'ilie
-nil 111 nil olil lirnk.T anil t'i'L'lisli lull riili'i' r, In wli.'in I i.nil I, ail
riiinilii n|i|s.rnniitii'.- nf III 11 u si r\ii . nliic, un.l w I n n ni l.inl
fii'Mi Ill Mill this v. r, v.niili III 1,.' Ill', ttinl'' ant 1.11 1 nni
il'iniiLh the rnimlrv. 1 bait alw nys fniii.it liit.i hmii'^t iiint l-iiiil
tienrli'.l. very inli'lili;eiii, anil i|iiii'i, I'M 11 I I,lle^^ In his 111.. I.
'.t'is. .\ l.rniliiT 111' lii>, Willi w.is alt. I a I'll .It ill nt well 111. , Mill
aVn. tn alt ai.jii'nra.ir.'. 11 ii;n-l liniinl.li' ;. "iinu ii.aii, .!i.l iiiili't i' inlin-i
ai..riii nil' mil' ilay w hell 11 iiiHirn nf i;.illi|inli. 11 calr.inuom.i. ai ,1
"lie ill |H>wer, thnnuht iriili.rln ill-nli me. fur liedelilieiul.ly ntt'eriil
I" l.tkr iii^iii Inmsi'if ti.e nil. re 1,1 11 I ahum lii ;.', ueil In tjiiii'i llm
tiiitti 1,1 atlltll^l in the Hiirk. Iliil tin.- w ,'ia an 1 liltllltl. 11 of ^.atiln.ic
t'.'r ine !
Win 11 Ills pnn Was in prirnii, the pnur iilil fatla r, w Im wfH till II
4)a^l lii^ I iiilitii'th .\i-ar, winii' in nu'in N'aple.'^ In li t:. if i Innl any
I i)iiaiii:aiire nr iiiteiiKI with )'i r>ons nlmni the Cnnrl, to inaki an
lipln.iiiiiiiinravuiunfthc ynichriilniinili n 1. I hail not anil slum Id
w
r
100
LIVES OF HANDITTI AND KUBBICRS.
!'•. ':
iS» V.-*
» .' ■. •
r :^^ .
I' f
i ' J,
'it. ;i
1'^
Ciro Hilt ill Ins jiHliliiMliuii, (u iiiiwl riMiiarlnilile ri>ni-
posiliiin, with ('tiiisi(h>rnt)lf ('Iui|I10ii(t and in^c^iiiiily, nnt)
more iiiiiiiKlcMco lliaii <,:iii oiilcr uur i'i)iiri'|>liciiis ; i but
Uiiowiii;; liis piiriloii Id Ui Ii(i|il"1p.ss, iiislriiil of |iri'seiiliiip;
liiiiiiiell ill iitMMiii, liu prc'iiiircd to (IfliMid liiiiisult' hy Ins
reclaiii's ami ariii:>.
(iiMicral (linrcli llioii iniiilc his niilitury (lisposiliuns.
Mi! (lividoil liin troops into inoviiabit' colunins, am! placed
j;iiriisiiiis iipiiii soiiiu poiiitswlioio llic}' wiro absolutely
rt'ipiircd, lillicr iVoiii llioir coiiiiiMiidin;; IIir vast plains
ol'tlio country, or U'cuuso llioy were strong enoii?,'!! to
Berve as placcH ol' retreat I'or tlin brijjaiids. 'I'lio imivc-
able coliiniiis all operated towards ii coniinon centre, by
jrradually eoiilracliiij; the circle wliieli cni^iraeed llie
towns ol' (irultaylie, .San Marzano, and Trancavilla.
t-Hlier columns ol' rci^ervo accompanied tlic yenural, who
procpeileil, with the rapidity orii^'htniiijr, wherever the
spies hud traces oj'C'iro Aniecliiarico.
At tirsl, contident in liis resourres, iiiatetial and
moral, llie hri;;aiid-pricst set u price on the head of the
hold Hiiijlislimaii, but the general's proeeidingssooii nii-
di'ioivi li him. and he was lie.ird In murmur, w liilu liiliiip;
Jiis llmnih in token of raj;e and dis.ippointment, "This
is a dill'erenl sort of man from those ihey have hitliertn
sent airaiiist me 1 I have fooled many a j,'eiieral— Kriiich,
Kalian, and Neupolitan, but this one will end by iimknii;
a liml of me 1"
lie beffaii to perceive that liis rcsoiircoi, bocamo day
by day weaker and weaker; his credit with l.'io people
of thucumilry was no longer what it had been; his
jirislifir wan cclipseil to their eyes, and he had to dre.^d
that tlio-^e u ho were still faitlil'nl to him, would .soon fall
from his side. If he could, he would then have escaped
from tlin country which had so lon^' trembled at hi^
name, lie privately reached Iho port of Urindisi, where
he altcinphMt to embark; but the captain of the vessel
rei-njrniscd him, and deniamh'd JtlOO ducats as the price
of Ins safely; not having them about him to give, he
wrote 1(1 his friends, '.vlio refused to advance the sum.
I'resYid and siirroinuled more and mori^ closely, pent
in the arc iia, tii d to the stake, IJon Ciro resolved to risk
u general rising of such of his allies as continued des-
perate, and a pitched batthi with the royal tioops. lie
fixed the '.ITth of rebruary I^IS for this purpose, and
appointed the place of rendezvous nndrr the walls of San
.'M.ir/.ano, but his linal catastrophe preceded that date.
( 'no .\niecliiaiico sil out from (Jioltaglie on the "-.'."illi
iif.laniMry l^l">, with forty liorscnuii and ten foot. At
twoo'clo'k in the alti riiuon he fell in with u detach-
ment nfticneral ''hureh's cavalry, coiinnandeil by Cap-
tain Moiilorj, who charged him, and drove him as far
us .\evieru,a farm at the loot of Ihe hill of .Sin Marzano.
tiro there made a short stand, and llieii retreated up to
the loHii itself in tolerably good order.
Cipl.iin .Monlorj I'ullowed and atlenipted to enter by
Ihi' slei p and narrow path which wnnnd up to the town:
linl Ciro and his adhcrinls of S.iii Marzano repulsed him.
'I he ollieer then tin lied the hill in order to scale it un the
side of .Maiiilnria, but lliere too he w\is ri'ceivei' by a
Nhiivvcr ol' hills, lie observed, however, thai these were
the same iiieii who had repulsed him in the foriner at.
tiinpt and had fnlhnved his moMiiieiits, and hcnei' coii-
clndi d lliev were not siiHi'iently numerous to deleiid all
the points III oiii'c, and thai he shniild gain his objei I by
deei iviiig ilieiii, Ciiiieealing himself In hind one of the
g.nden walls, he drew the robbers' allenlion by (iring a
carbine or two in that direction, iiiid llieti he blldileiily
iip|H>ared in Ihe opposite ilireiiion fillowed by most ol
Ills men. The stratagem siici ei'di'd : Alontorj entered
Sin Marzano, and liie panic-slriiek followers oft 'iro ilis.
piMs d. The great object was Imieenre Ciro; bill he was
iiol to he found: he had made another (perhaps the Imn-
ili'citllij of his wonilcrl'nl I'scipcs, and was sale in the
open eonmry bejiirc Ihe infinli'y of a ,no\eable eolinnn
arrived, which it ilid iminidi.ilely alter his llight i'loin
Ihe liiwn.
An iiislant ccusiN was taken of Sin Mar/ano, the
mayor of which niiggcslcd lo .Major lliimchi, the <'oiii-
mandcr of the cohmin, i> mitliod of disiuivering Ihe de.
Iiiii|ilenl«. livery house wan seiirclii <l, and llir guilty
were rccogniKed by Ihe siiii II or the blackiiesH of their
hands, a proof of their haviii^r recciilly handled tirc-iirmH
InriMv hiui' iiml It HI hail. TIh'V «ro' iill reniliiiiiiiil lo ilie iinl-
liituri.r III!'. I iiiv leniiii lih ml HiK fciii m ihr |i..ri iH llilmlliil.
nlii'ic iiai'iir Ilia l>r"ilii'iH hi'lil n vciy o'lui laiMi niiiiill..ii In (lie
rii«)iitii«.
Tile (lie ilnil Ilia liiil ill ilii. lie. Ilia III iIm'i"' |ieii|ili', iiiiilir an CMC
rinr et tiiilolciice iiiiil ii|mttiv, la nNinitlkliinii mel iV.iM'tii. \m i|m'\
now nri'.UK'v iiiiiv 111' inrtaiiii'il iiir e\iry ixll. VV. re tlii'.i iHiielliifl
hv Mliiinlliin mill iionil nm iriimi Ml fur a few ||iiiii raiinif, iliiy
nit|;Mt htrnnie n naiion oriii'im'ii,
and |H)wdcr. Vito .Scrio, the brothers h'ranccsco and Aii-
gclo \'ilo I.ecce, liatl'acUe Zaccharia, and Piitro liar-
linzzi were arnsted, and all executed on the .'id of Kebru-
ajy at l''raiicavilla. 'I'hcir heads were placed in front of
the church of San .'Marzano. This church was blown
down by a hurricane some months alter, and the hcails
were buried liencath ils ruins. .Major ilianchi al.so took
the bhic:k standard, and the insignia and dccnr.ations of
Don Ciro, which liencral Church forwarded to Naples,
Hlieri' they were prescnti'<l to the king by Prince Nu-
gent, the captain-general.
.Major Ilianchi, t'oUowing up his advantages, proceeded
the next (lay to Krancavilhi. Mere he found the inhabit-
ants in Ihe greatest fenncntation, detcriniiii'd to break
open the prisons and release those I'onlincd in them.
I laving ascertained who were the ringleaders, he Inst not
a moment in causing them lo be seized in their houses.
Ilis gens-d'armcs patrolled Ihe streets with orders lo lay
hamis on ev> ry individual they might meet bearing
arms. Me thus tcrrilicd the towns-people uiid ipiclied
the liniiull.
(Jencr.il Chureli then arrived in |K^rson: the troops con-
centrated on l''raneavilla, where a military commission
was established lo try the ontkiws. I)— .i Ciro had now
hem missing lor si.< or seven days; not a word had been
heard of him since his escape from .San .Mikrzano, but the
general t'ancying he could not be I'ar otV, and that he was
still ill intimate correspondence with some individuals in
that low , threatened it with plumi' r and dcstriiclion,
unless its inliabil.ints ciiahh'd him to secure the |iersnn
of the robber-priest within eight tiays. Trembling for
ihcir houses and property, the miUtiu ol' ,San Marzano
ihen undertook lo pursue l^on Ciro, and on the (ith of
I'.briiary they beset him in the ningtiirta (or larin house)
o.'Sea.serba, not above ten miles from (iciieral ChurchV
i|uarters at l'°ranca\illa.
'i'lic masserie in Apulia and Ihe provinces of Hari,
Dtninlo, and 'l'aranlo,are all built on the same plan, and
are very enpalile of defence. 'I'lie word is not rendered
by "farm-house," which gives but an inadcipiati^ idea of
the ma.sseria. Tliey ilale from the period when tlio in-
enrsiiins of the 'I'urks anil pirates were apprchemk'd, and
when the country people hIiuI llieinsclvcH up in their
strongholds with tluir cattle and most valuable eirccts, in
order to secuic themselves from altack. A square wall of
enclosure, suMicicntly high and solid, generally surrounds
llie dwelhng-liou.se, liiiilt against one side, uiul contain-
ing three or fniir l.irge haliitahh' rooms, and sonietimcs
a small chapel. 'I'he vasl stables, granaries, and out-
houses, williin the walls, form a rigid ungKi with this
dwelliiig-huuse, but without touching it. In the midst
of the cnehisure, at some distaliei' from the burrounding
walls, rises a rounil or sipiare lower of two slorii s, sland-
ilig ipilte idiille. The ilsi elll to the upper slory is cither
by stone steps, inserit d in the lower, by a drawbridge,
or by a laihler easily drawn up into the tower. This
iksiriplion will enable llic reader lo understand how
Don Ciro could make so long a resistance in the masse-
ria of Scaserlia.
I|i^ had arrive d at this lonely place with some of his
comrades worn oul willi faliguc, and had thought he
could M'Ulurc lo repose hiniself the ic I'or a Itw' hours. It
was said that he had previously provided .Seaserba and
many other lonely niasscrie ol the dislrici with arms,
amimniilion, and some provisiuns. Me was surprised at
Ihe sudden and hoslile apparition of the mililia of .San
Marzano, bill nntal all iilarmed, making sure he could cut
his way throngh them whenever he clnw. Mad he rush-
ed out at one.', he might have done so. M< oily slaycd
where he was, nnd li I Iheni liiriii before the gale of the
masserie. So strong was his spell on Ihe minds of these
men, lliat for a long time they hesitated to approach
»illnii range of his iii\er erring musket — the first that
lid so, he shot dead frniii Ihe outer walls 'I'liis delay,
however, cost him dear. The mihlia of San Miiizano,
though not brave, w< re this lime in earnesl, and having
elll informalion lo l.ieiilcnanl l''onsmorlc, slatioiiid nl
111.! "Caslelli," a posilioii belwciii ttrollaglie and rran-
cavilla, that ollieer hastened to the spot witli forly men
of regular troops. .\h this liircc came in sight on the
edge of the plain, Don Ciro bit Ins thuiiih until it bled,
loi he iiiidi rslood licit a vigorous attack was lo Ih' made,
and ri treat was now ho|H less. Me somi, Iiowcvit, ji
coviicd Inn preHcnee of miinl, end locking up the poor
people of the masserie in the slraw-maKazine, nnd put.
ling the key in his pocket, he retired wilh his des|i<'rali
followers lo Ihe lower. Having iisceiided lo the iippi r
story, Ihey drew in Ihe ladder aller lliciii, and proceeded
to loail all llieir giiiiN, of wlin li Ihey had a gixMl niimlnr.
It was now evening; Ihe darkmss of night smm kuc-
eeidcil the brief twilight of tin south. Tlul night must
have been n sli'cpless one liir Don Ciro, though im u|.
Icmpt was mafic at storming his Ktronghold. The iiiorii.
ing dawn, however, alt'orded hiiii no eomliirt, for Cupliiiii
Corsi had awived from b'rniieavilla with u detachnient of
gens-d'armes, and soon alU r .Major Diunchi came lo the
ticld wilh other reinlbrciiiicntsi
'I'he siege of SiMserba was uow forincil by one hiin.
dred and thirty-two soldiers; the militia, on whom lillle
dc{Hiiiliiice was placed, beiii^ utalioned in the kccoiuI
line, and ut some di.slance.
Don Ciro vigorously delindcil the outer walls and the
approaches to his lower from sunrise to sun.set. In lliu
night he attempted to cscaiio, but the neighing of horsn
made him suspi el that some cavalry had arrived, whuse
pursuit it would lie impossihle to elude, and he saw
piquets all around the masscria. Me Ihircfore retired,
ntlcr having killed, with a pistol-shot, a volligeur st,i.
tioiicd iimkr the wall he had atteiiipled to scale. He
again shut hiniself up in his tower, and emplnycd liim.
self all night in making cartridges. .\n alh moon, hvu
nighls, and a whole day liad been spent, anil Don Ciro w.ns
still masler of the wlioh^ enclosure, and the outer walls
of the niMsMcrial At daybreak, the besiegers tried to
linrst open the! strong wooden gate of the outer wall:
( iro and his men creeping from the tower and under the
wall by the gate, repul.sed the assailants, killing live and
wounding lijiirlccn of the soldiers. A ham 1 of oil wiis
then rolled to the gate, in orck'r to burn it. The lirst 111.111
who set lire lo it was shot through the heart. But ils
Haines conimimicatcil to the door, which was 8o<m ueccs.
sible, nnd Don Ciro was obliged to retreat to his lower.
Mow hiiig he might have kept -Major Uianehi at hay, had
not « picie of arlihcry arrived, a|ul had he not forgotlcii
an imporlanl part of provision for a siege, is uncertain;
but as the day advanced a four-pounder was brought In
the spot, and pointed against the roof of the tower. This
little! piece pnidiiccil great ell'ect. The liles and briekii
wliicli fell, drove Don Ciro from the upper lei the lower
slory eif the' tower. The assailants, satisfied wilh llii:
cll'ecis produce el by the four-pounder, would not approiiili
the' lower; he hael nolhing to do in the way of firing at
them, lo keep up his spirits; — at the same time, and in
this heirriel slate of inaetivlly or passivcness, hi' was lor.
niented with a burning thirst, for he hael feirgolten to
proviele himself with water — and he never could drink
w inc.
At length, nller some deliherations with his cnni-
panions, lie deiuaneled to speak with (Jene'ral l^iiireli,
who he helicied was in the ne iglihnurhood ; then to lIu:
Duke ol Monte .lasi — (he scenieellohavi' had the nnciciii
kniglris' anxiety to surrender to none save peeiplc of ehs.
tiiiclion;) — but that noldenian being al.so absent, he' eon-
elcse'cnekel lei capitulate with iMajor Uianehi. Oil their
pproiich, he aelelresseel tlie^ besiegers, and llire'W llniii
Mime bread. Major Ilianchi luesiircil him that he should
not he iiialtreatiel by the' soldiery, of wlieiin he' had killiil
ind wonneleel so many. He' Ihen lowered the laeleh'r, eli .
seemh'd from tliu lower, and prtsenUd himself to llie
major anel his troops, with tliu w'ordH " I^ccoiiii, Don
Ciro," — Merc am I, Don Ciro!
Mis coinraehs the n liillowi'd him. And how many we re
these' de'sperale' iiie'ii, who had so long dcfendcil tin iii.
selves againsl such a force' ! 'I'hey were onlv Ihre'e' — \ ilu
eli Cesare, tiieiv:inni I'almieri, and .Mie hele Ciippoli.
Their haiiels, the ir I'ae'cs, Iheir dri ss, we're' heirrihly he
grimi'd by poweler anel smoke, but lliere- was no ;ippe.-i|.
anecof wciimils on their persons, anel llie'ir counli'iinni 1 y,
parllenlarly that of their daring leaele r, were' firm tiiiel
resolute' ill llic e'xlre'inc. The' lirst thing Don Ciro iliil
alle r surre iide ring hlinself lo the' solehers was, to In <i
the 111 hi gi\e' him wale r lo ipicnih his consuming tliir«l.
Ml' then ileli\e re'el tlie^ key anel elesired Ihein lo liberali
Ihe |ieople' of Ihe' massi'ria, who had liee'ii locked up all
Ibis while in Ihe' straw-magazine', lie ileilarcel llial IIh'V
were imiocenl, and as Ihey lanie oul of llie'ir place' el'
e'oiiliiieiiii'iil he' ilislribiile'ij inoiiey among llieiii. Ilu
paliently siilVcred him .elf lei be' searclie el and honiiil.
Some iHiison was found ii|h>ii him, which he said In'
wiiiile! iiave' taken in the tower had not his eoMl|iuiiieiiia
prcve lite d him.
The' besiegers and llieir eaplives now marchcil olT liir
I'Vane-nvilla. Don Ciro eonveTsiel imiellv enough all III"
way wilh .Major lliani hi, to w lioiii lie ri'laleil the prini i-
pal I'lri'uiiisl.iiiee'S of his most e'ntraordmarv life'.
In prison hi' was lepially calm. Me only ap|M'nri'el I"
he' inliri-liil for Ihe fate' of koiiic of his piiriisans, or Ih-
i-iHi : he ill clan (I lliiit llii y had Imcii coiii|Klled by Inn
Ihii'als and Iheir own liars lo do whatever they liial
done , Hill he' cnlrialiel thai llicy iniglil iiol be' |K;rse'i'iiti'el,
I til being plae I'd Inliire the council of war, presided liy
Ml uU ii.int t oil 111! 1 1 iiiarini, he addressed n sjh c cli lo lli.il
7
ollii:cr. 111
plroiig ar
"l»ii tl
( 'csiireo a
glie, 1 wu
a ruincel
coveri'el
at ten til
iiierey pre
lure lojue
'i'liink of
iiieri'y 1 h
On be in
ing (ieiiicr
epiielly res
e':ipito," (1
worel.
I Aller SCI
I triKtiieed h
I religiiin.
; lea\e alone
■ trade — iloii'
' On licinj
military coi
persous he
aiisHcrcd, '
and seventy
.\s he
J-'oiisnieirle',
llie masscri:
Ciro had adi
him, " If i u
'I'lic street
were' liMi'd w
cd with spec
On Ilis ill
walked with
111' shot stanil
iliil so, pre'si'i
I'lld that mall
tliiir Ixieks le
plied, with a I
dill so, he ad
iie:ir lo him, I
all' not all su
yon I"
lie spoko I
iliers tired nt
lulls took clFoi
anel imillcred
kliot to put an
all the' eillice'rs
IH'upIc, who li
111 liiin, we're c
IMS- oflile, wl
" .\s soon as V
siri'illsly, "ill
oivii musket i
Sjn II."
Thus fell in
life, dating fro
.\iiicchiarico,
s.ive that his c
iiluiiil it, but w
iililc; Ihat he v
iloipie'iie'c, Ihen
1.1 classical alli
defects of his (
The reader
liny feel Homo
i-aiiguinary se'i
The ilay alV
ennmnil niiioi
I'riiic.ivilla lo
" d III the wi
er rclativcM of
noil of llieir h<
• Imiii. Kill till
ncr e'xprt'sae'd
"lliirs we re' so
III. ralhir llniii
li roeioiis iniliti
Craiid iniuiter, I
till ikail— the I
'I'he inililar\
liniiiheil anil tv
I'l lllese, liuvlll
lime of nriiiK, <
i"id Iheir lieudi
itiiili'tic*, or in
ROMAN BANDITTI.
101
, tliuugh no lit.
llll. 'I'Ih' llKHll.
iliirt, InrCupUiiii
u (Ictac'liiiii'iit III'
lulii I'uinc to the
ncil by our Inin-
I, nn wliuni litl!r
II in thu Kt'C'Diiil
vr walU anil the
f sunset. In iliu
,i(;liin(r ol'liorM's
ill arriviil, wlioiv
iilr, anil he; I'liw
thci-ctbi'i' ri'tirrd,
, a volti);iMir stn.
ctl to sraii'. He
III imiiloyril liiin-
\n aHi moon, Ihh
anil ItiinCiio w:n
111 tin; outir walls
pisii'ju'rt" trii'il to
r llic onirr wall.
wir ami uiiilir tin;
:h, killintr tivi' aial
Imrril of oil was
I it. 'I'lif lirsl mail
10 lii'uit. Unt Its
li wan soon ucfi-s-
trcat to liis towir.
lianclii ut bay, Imil
il he not rort;otti'n
irjre, i8 uiioortain;
or was liroujilit to
ot'tbo tower, i'lils
If I ill's ami hriiks
npiMT to tin- lower
suliaMeil with tlie
,\ oulil not apiiroacli
le way of lirioK M
Hanie time, ami in
veness, be was lor-
e bail l"or(;ott<-n 1"
never coulil ilriiik
bis eoiii-
oneral l^uneli,
mil ; tben to Hi"
bail tlie nmienl
ve pi-ople ot' ili>-
so abselil, be eon-
:inelii. <>n tin ir
anil tbrew the in
III that he sbniilil
iin he bail Kill.. I
(I the laililer, di ■
a himself to tin
Kceonii, Omi
lis
ollieei. 111
(I bow mnnv «' "■
y .h'I'emieiriii'iii-
oiilv three — Vilo
lele ('ll|ipoli.
were honibly I"'-
e was no aii|ii:.i-
leir loiinliiiaiiei »,
r, were firm anil
ni{ Don ('iro ilnl
hers wan, to lii'il
eousuiniii)! IbirM.
il them to liheriili'
lei'ii loekeil ii|i :ill
ileelari'il that tlie.V
t of their |ilaie of
iiioni! Iliem. 11'
eliiil mill lioiiiiil
Iwhnli be said In
lit bin t'oiniiiuiioaii
Iw mareheil o(V I'm
Tllv iiiiin!;li all III"
Irilnteil the |irimi-
■ imiry
life
Illy apiH'nre
parlisiins, oi
ilt'i
"'
i'om|K'lleil by 111" I
hiilevi r lliey III"'
Lot !«• iHirfTiiiiiil
\f war, pre^i^lell hy
il sKjuccli lo tlul
staking liiiii for tienernll'liurcb. Ainuiii; other
Plronit arijunie
iits he used, was this —
Oil tlie ilay that you, jreneral, with tlic Duko of San
anil only a few Ik
oil (>
'I'he ilialli of Don Ciro and his prineipal aeeoiiipliees
reconnoitri
Ijlii, 1 was tliero, with several ot mine, concealed behind
a ruined wall, elosc by the gate where you entered. 1
lovered you with my riHe, nud 1 never missed my aim
ut (en tunes that distance ! Had not tliu leelings of
iiieny prevailed in iiiy liosoni, ]|;eiieral, instead of lieinjr
lure to judire me, you would have been in your grave.
'I'liliik of liiis, sigiiur )reiierul, and let mo meet with the
mercy 1 have shown !"
On biinjr informed of bis mistake, lie insisted on see-
ini; (ieneral t'hureh; when tiiis was refused bill), be
niiietly resifrned biiiiself to his fati', drily sayiii},', " Jlo
eapilu," (1 understand.) IJe did not pronounce another
wmd.
,\lter sentence of death was passed, a missionary in-
tiinliieed himself, and ottered him the consolations of
ri liyioii. l>on t'iro answered him with a smile, " Let us
li;ne aluiie ail this .stutV and prating! we are of the same
li-;iJi — don't let us laugh ut one anoliier!"
( )n being asked by Captuin Montorj, reporter of the
iiiililary eommission whieh eondenined him, how many
pi r.Mius he had killed with his own band, he carelessly
answered, " Who can tell ' — they may be between si.ily
and seventy."
As he was led lo execution, he recognised Lieutenant
I'liiisinorle, the ollieer who had been the fust to arrive at
Ihe iiiasseria of Scaserha with his regular troops. Uoi
Cim had admired bis leadiness and courage, and said to
hiiii, " If I were king, I would make you a eaptain."
'I'lii- streets of I'Vaneavilhi, through wliieli lie passed,
wc re filled with |iiwiple; even the house-tops were crowd
I d with s|K.'ctators. 'I'liey all preserved a gloomy silence.
On his arrival ut the place of exeeution, Koii Ciro
walked with a firm step to bis fatal (lost. lie wislied lo
he shot standing — hut they ordered hiiil to kneel, lie
illil so, presenting his breast to tiie soldiers, lie was then
t lid that malefuctors, like himself, were always shot with
tin ir Imeks to the soldiers; "It is all the siiiiie," he re-
piii il, w ith a smile, and then be tnrrieil bis back. As he
ihil so, he iidvised a priest, who persisted ill remaining
111 ar lo him, to withdraw, " ("or," said be, " these fellows
,ire not all such goisl shots us 1 lm»c been — Ihey may bit
VMM I"
He spoko no more — ibo signal was given — the sol.
ili. rs fired at llio kneeling pricst-robber. 'I'wenly-one
ImIIs U)iik elVeet — four ill the head I Vet he still breatlieil
uiiil liiiiltered ill bis throat; it r.'qiiired a Iweiily-sei oiiil
hhnt to put an cud to him ! 'I'iiis liiut was eonlirmeil by
iill the ollleers and soldiers present ut bis exeeution. The
pi'.iple, who bad always attributed supcrmitural powers
III liiiii, were eoiifirmed in their bidief by this tenaeious-
111 s . ol' life, w bit b was, indeed, little short of miraculous.
" \s soon as we |M'reeiM'd," saiil one of the soldiers very
M ri'iusly, "ibiil Doll t'iro was enchanted, we loaded bis
liWii imisket with u silver ball, and this destroyed the
►pill."
Tliiis fell in If'H, alter filleen years of u most lawless
hii, dating from his Jealousy and first murder, Don Ciro
.\iiiei hiarieo, of whom little elsu remains to bu said,
hive Ibat his counleiiaueo had nothing ut all repulsive
iilniiil it, hut was, on the contrary, ruther mild ami agree-
iililc; that be wns innslir of tt verbose but most inrsiiasivo
I linpience, tboiigb pidniilic in bis style and over adilietid
I.I classical allusions mid inllated phrases — the general
ili'feels of liis countiymm, the Nea|iolitaiis.
The reailor who lias seen the destruction of tlielrlicnd,
};
The day aller the death of Don Ciro, ten ot llic innsl
ciiininul among tlieiii were led through the streets of
I'r.iiicavilla lo exeeution: two or three of them rceog
1111(1 at Ihe windows the falbers, the soiih, the widows
or relatives of those they bad iissussinaled by Ihe deei
Mini of their horrid secret tribunal, and asked |iiiriloii of
till in. Hut thcso were the only men among them wliii
ever expressed the least feeling of reiHiilHiiee. All the
nlhcrs wire no liuribiied and liimilieiil, that Ihey gloried
happily put u stop to distiirbaneii*, and to that atrocious
system wbieli had tbroalencd to take a wider range. In
a short timi' peace was ri'slored to the ilesolaled pro-
vinces, (Jeneral Church used his absolute iiower w '
here of some interest, a sort of jimriiiil was kept of
■very thing inatcriiil. During the last li \v days of our
itav at I'oli, the iiilirest
had takiii in
ilh
admirable discretion. I'iVeii bis enemies soon admired,
and then loved him. His established principle was, to
listen lo, or receive no accusations against political i>pin-
ions, or connections with secret societies; but be piinisli'il
crimes and deeds of violence with severity, lie caused
the accused to he tried willioiit ileliiy; hunted out \a-
grunts; and dismissed from their situations all such
government ollieers as coulil not he depended upon. In-
stead of seizing the people's arms without an ciiiiivaleiil,
he eaiLscd their full value to be paid, lie thrcaleni d with
death such artisans as should d -e lo iiiiinulaeliire pro-
hibited arms. He exhorleil Ihe confessors to endeavour
to obtain possession of the poniards, or to oblige the peni-
tents to throw them into deep wells. The city of l.ecce,
grateful lor the blessings of restored tranipiillily. voted
a statue to the king, and a sword of boiiniir to (o neral
Church, with the freedom of the city. .\nil finally, in
April, IHI!I, llie following consoling circular was issued
by the Neapolitan government.
"'I'lie reign of Ihe assassins being at an end, and all
the provinces lr:ui>|nillisetl, it is resolved, in order to c\-
tingnish their memory, thai Ihe heads of the malcl'aetors
exeeuled ill pursuance of the senlences of the militaiy
eommission, and which are exposed under the eliurch
towers, and other parts of the towns, shall he taken down
and interred, and that the places where they were ex-
posed sliiill Ih' entirely cleaned and while wiished. This
letler shall be read by tbu areli-priests in all the
ehiirehcs."
This narrative is ehielly taken from u very curious,
but, I believe, little known volume on the Carbonari,
written by V„r Lite Itiron llerlholdi, though published
anonymously in London.
The portion of his voluini' which eonlaiiis the adven-
tures of Ciro .\niicliiarieo, marvellous as il at limes may
ippear, is perli'clly correct, for i was in the country at
Ihe time, knew several of the actors in those sanguinary
scenes, and heard the stories I'rom their lips. Well might
Hyriiii say, " Truth is stranger than lielinnl" Wliere is
the writer of romance that would feign such a lite us that
of this pricst-rolibcr .'
1{(>M.\N IIANDITII.
IM'oplc nlsiul us, was superseded by oiii
vhieh
uiinlry
liilerahle degree of danger was i.iiiiiil. The hanililti who
had lo
111 Naple
liny feel soinu curiosity as to what IhiI'cI the iHidy uf tin
Miigninary sect, Ihe " Decisi."
It lias been my object throiighoul this work to collect
my materials, us far as po.'sihlc, from eye-witnesses ol
llie deeds of the brigands, or persons who were near
their baiiiits and the scenes of their exploits, and derived
llieir inloriualion at Ihe immediate soiirec To no oni
can I Is.' inure indebted than to our own gentle country-
woniun, Marin (iraliam, from whom the following uc-
count is taken ; nor can I piel'aee the scenes and uilvcii-
tiires to vvhieli she has given siicli uniination unil reality,
b<}tter lliiui by the w, .ds of her own inlroduetion.
" These notices of the banditti might have been more
full and more romunlie, but the writer scrupulously re.
jeeled ull uceoimts of them upon the truth of wliieli she
could not rely, thinking it iHlter to give one aulbcntie
fact, thun twenty doubtful, though more interesting,
tales. 'I'lie bundilli, or fiioriiseili of Italy, nrc what the
forest outlaws of r.iigland were in llni days of Koliin
Hood 'Ihey are not of the isHircst or vilest of the in-
liiibiliinls. They generally possess u little lield and a
bouse, whither they retire at certain seusons, and only
tuke the held when the lio|n's of plumlcr nlliirc them, or
the fear of a stronger iinii drives Iheiii lo tie woods uiid
rocks. They live under various chiefs, who, while Ibcir
reign lusts. II. '( iibsolute ; but as Ihey urn freely chosen,
Ihey are :"■ freely ile|Hised, or someliiiics nmrilircd, if
tlicy olVcnd their siibjccls. 'Co be udinilled into the ranks
of the riguhir bandilli, n severe apprenticeship lo all
kinds of bardshipH is reipiircd. The iiildress and em rgy
(lisplnycil by these men, under a Is'llcr goveniinent,
liiigbl CMmliice lo the liiippicst elb els. Hill here the fin
long infi'sli d the road between Koine ami .>apl
having been driven iViaii their towns of Soiiino, I'rusi-
none, and Kerentiiio, partly by the I'dpe's ediel, and
partly by the iiiareb of a bodv ol' two tboiisaiid of his
iioliness's troci|i~ against tlieni, had lleil up llie eoiiiilry
anil taken rclii:;i- in the wilds wliieli borilei that great
valley of the Apeniiims, t'oriiicd hv the cniirse of the
Anio, :ind s( parating the .Mursian hills In in lliose on
whose edge Tivoli and ralcstrina lire sitii:ilcil. Tbu
liigliesi point of Ibis liisl riil^'c is llie rock cd'(iiKida;;iioln,
two hours walk from I'oli. There one i cuiipiiiiy ot' the
bandilli slalioiied iltrlf, and thence niiide exi iirsioiis to
our very gates.
" The niimhcr of the inhnbitniils of I'oli does not ex-
ceed one lliniisand llirii' hinidrcd ; liny lire a very ipiiet
■iniple people. The lnwii slaiidn on a narrow riilge of
lark rock, between two nioinitaiii riviihls. The stone it
:s hiiilt of is so like the rock, lleit il Innks as il' il had
.Town out of il ; and einliosoiiiid in lliii k woods, and
ivcrloppcd by inoiiiiliiiiis, il shows like a mountain
•agio's nest as oni' iipproai'hes il. It was a jdacc of gri-nt
■oiiseipii'iiee when the Coiili, iliikes of I'oli, had under
till ir doiniiiiiin upwards ot" forly townships, and ho.istcd
if the eardiiials, the princes, and the popes ol' their
house! Their iinporliince in the civil wars of Italy has
given Ibeni a place in each of llie three divisions ol
the Diviiia Coinmcdia of Daiile: but the title of tbu
dukes of I'lili is exiiiicl, and their large possessions liuvu
devolved to other iiolile faniihes."
The scenery around I'oli, which is very aeciiriili ly and
trikingly ilescribcd by oiir fair couiilrywi man, is of tho
iiosi pill 111! sipi, i,r rninaiilie chaiaeti I, i;iid no reader
can well lidlow her, in her d. il'IiII'uI esemsioiis, through
the wild wood, or the Iniiely v.illey, or lo llie iiiniiiilain's
top, where, as the sun is selling over the v\ iile e:iiiipagiia,
be pauses to re.iil liom ,'^eliiller t!ie " Kobhi r Aloor's
oliloipiy," without wishing to he with her, llinngh real
anil iln Miifiil biiiidilti were always ekise at band.
"We liiiil heard," writes she, a l\w days afli r her arri-
val, "I'rom some peasants bringing llieir cirn lo he ground
111 the mills near I'oli, that the robberies hilily comniilli il
on the road between Ifoiiie and .Naples, had dctennini d
government lo ra/e to the ground the town of Soniiio,
which bad opened its gates to the bandilli, and hail, in
tint, biiig hei II thi'ir head-cpiarlers. Iiiik .!, the lirsl re-
port was, that the town had acluiilly beei .tiered down,
and all the iiihaliil Hits put In dealb in llie night. Till)
peasants who gave this evidently exaggi rated nccouni,
were of opiniiiii that the men must certninly have been
iibseiit from the town, or Ihey would never have snlVered
il to be so surprised; and, ill that case, tliry foretold tbu
iiiostdrea(ifiilconsei|UcnceslowlionisoiM r should tiill into
their bands, bv way of leprisnl for the miirdcr of tliiir
wives and children. At any rule, whetbir fonino wnu
destroyed or not, whither the hrigimdj, who would ccr.
lainly leave the towns as soon as they bciiril the severo
proclaimilinn issued ngninst them, would direct their
steps, wns matter of serious and niixioiw conjeelnrc.
Two years ago, on a similur oecusion, Ihe noted Di Cii.
snris, who was shot in the spring of IHIH near 'I'err.tcinn,
hdhisfollowersiiplo these hills, iind for nearly twomontliH
they subsisted on the H|Niil of the nuighbonriiig town-
ships. Oil such ex|H'i!itioiis the banditti arc always niileil
by the slicphirds and goiitherds, u race of mm apt for
their purisiscs, as their balf-savnge life, while it gives
Ibcm enough iiilcreonrse with Ihe towns to procure food
and inlelligciice, dilaebcH them so much from all roeial
ImiiiiIs as lo render Iheni indilVereiit lo the crimes of
Ibers. The oliscrvalion that Ihe pastoriil milliners, wliieli
, riitber thun regretted their crimes, und died w.lli ii I burns not to wnrni, but lo dcHtroy.
ferocious inditrcrcnee. Among their mimlsT were llit
umnd miuiter, the scromi Decided, und the reginliar ol
the dead — the lliree ilignilHries of Ihe order.
'I'lie mililury tribunal allcrwurils hronubl aboiil two
liiiiiibed ami twenty seven isrsoiis to triuL Nenily half
III' these, buviiig Ih'cii guilty of murder und loblHiy by
liMie iif nrinn, were eondenmcd to eaiiitiil pimi^hment,
iiad their liiiuds were ex|miied near llm plucis uf their
iiiiiliiic*, ur in llio locnci ol'thuir crimvi.
'ill ' ' III Ileal of Home dining Ihe summer of 1H|<|
drove the ''li; author, her huslsiml, and Mr. Kasllnkc the
ilislinguinhed piiinter, whose iidmirablo pictures of Ihe
ltnli:in biiiditti are so gi neriilly known and ndmircd, lo
seek a i Kuler letrciil in smiie of the moniilaiiis in Ihe
ncigbhoiirhood of the iincienl e.ipitiil of the world.
"Accident," says the fair Hiilbor, " Hclerinined in fa-
vnur of the liitic town of I'oli, Islwren Tivoli Hiiil Pnlen.
trinn; ami ut nrcuiiutkncca occurred nhilo wc wrrr
luve Uen " adorned with the fairest iitlribiilcs of |s ure
and innocence, are much heller nihipted lo the fierce nnd
riiel liiibilsof a mililnry life,"* is eoiillrinid by the iiinn-
iicrs of the iihepberds of llicsc ninunliiins. Where Ilir
townships hiive l.ind cnoiiah to i inplov the iidiabitunts
in iigriciilturc nml gardening, as at I'oli. the inhabitnnts
lire kind nnd gentle; and when n rolilery nr oiilrnKc is
conmiitfed, llie lirsl exclimnlion nlwsy" ik, he who has
done Ihe evil must be nn idle I'cUow, who lind uot piilii nro
to wait while his bread wns growing. Ibit Ciiprniiirn und
seme other mounlani lownii whieh linvc no nrnlile land
annexed to Ibcm, while Ihey niipplv llifir nuigbbours
with sbcpbeidii, nisii furnish Iheir niinnnl (]Uotg to llio
runks of lbs bnnililti."
A bninl of i;i|wieii, p<'dliir!>, rogiirr, ind rurtunetrllcri,
> tiilibrn. Dm und rtll,(hii|i xwi
•' , .-J 1 ■H':^! _
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i e
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ir
102
LIVIOS OF BANDITTI AND nOHBGRS.
1.- •
♦-■; .
i*
(■ ■ ■
Pi,' ■■■ ■
*>■.'. '
as willi lis, siiddnily niiidc tticir nppi'.iraiici' one artrr-
ii(H)n ul I'oli. 'I'liiy sci'imil Id he the liireriinners nt'the
hrijfaiiils, will) hail Ih rii lalkiil orduriiijj aev ral days, tor
the lU'.vt inoriiili); at dawii the i;ipsiesdi<a|i|ieared, and il
Wiis ascertained tii n lertainty that a trdiiji ul' banditti
were at t Miadaniiola, ii iiioiintaiii peak, ahoul two liuurs
walk aliine I'oli.
" Marly the day hefiire, wliieh was the lUtli of A iifrust
J81II, these rohhera liad seized two lads, assistants to a
Burveyor. 'I'liey were eniployid ineasuring in the wood
Icndiii).' to (Miadajjnola, when two men, armed, came
suddenly lip lo them mar the Utile ehaiH'l to the .Madon-
na, and seized the yoiinpest lioy, who was goiiij; aloiip
file road; the other was a tew paces within the wood.
The rohliers called lo him hy the opprobrious name
• ra/.za di cane,' and preseiitiiif; their imiskets, I'oreed him
to come to them; when U'^ '"!,' '''"> " l>low, they ton cil
him and his eonipaiiinii helure tlieni to an open .-.pare ni
the wood, where they loimd ehven of their iompanioii>
siltinj^ on the (jrass, eiifrairid in dilferent ocenpaticais ;
the two who hail taken the lads heiiii; sintinels, [losli d
to ),'ive noliee of any appioachini; danf;er. Their ehiel
fihjeet in M'iziii;; the hoys appe.ired to Im' that of nhlain-
ni;r inlormiilioii as to the principal inliahitaiits of I'oli.
mid till ir plai es of il.iily resort, in order to capture some
of them if possihle, .mil therchy olit.iiii a ^ood sum a^
ransom. ItuI they had another reason lor taking,'- them,
dnd del.iininir them the whole day; and this was to pre-
vent their t'i^in;; suih iiiliirmatioii coiicerniii)i tliciii and
their sit ii.il ion in the ijeiiihbourinij towns, as ini(;lilenalile
the townspeople, or the mihl.iry, lo siirroinid them.
Tliev, lliiTe!ore, kept llieiii prisoners till nijjht ; tie.ited
(hem very well, and ffave them bread and ehee.sc, with
some Wilier, which was all they had for thenisclves,
llioiijjh the hills niiiliTslood that "they e.xiH'Ctcd a proii-
fioii of meal and some wine at iiiplit.
" Miiiln;.' the time of tin ir captivity, the lads hail full
leisure to olwerve the drcfscs ami the eni[iloynKiils of the
liaiiditii ; the latlir were iliiilly ^rainiii^. .\s soon as two
senlini Is wi re plaei il, which were frequently chai'^'cd,
till- parly (li\iileil into ilillirenl sets, one of which pl.iyed
nt ciirds; anolhci- at imirra, for a loiiis-d'or |Kr chance;
a third party ilineed, while a fourth listened to a slory,
or ballad, ill all the careless prolli^acy of an outlaw's
lite. 'I'lieir dress was |iietiirisipic, yet military.
" Kvcry robber had a siUer heart, conlaininjr n picture
of the Madunn 1 and child, siis|Mnded hy a red riblHiii to
his neck, and liistened with another of the same colour
to his Un side.
" The hoys dc>erilH d (lie roMicrs as )tc'u;g stout, acti\e,
VouiiL' men, cxccptini,' one, who was very kIk rl and cor-
piilcn' with a hild head; he appeared to he (he hiitt of
the rest, and, like KalstatV, to he not only w illy himself,
but the cause of wit in olllers: they imMciI him the (;ourd-
inerch.'int, nlhldin;^ to the i^oiirdlike hinoothness ot' !iis
bald head. .\0i r iiskiui; about the dilfereiit inhabitants
of I'oli by niiine, the briiraiids beiraii to ipiestion their
prisoiers almiit the Tiiaur l'"iij;lisli who were llieic;
whcllier they iliil ii it 'jit out iiiio (he woods (o paint, ami
other ipiislions ol' the kiiiil. The boys iH-iii); really i!.'-
nornnt, cniild t,Mvc them no inl'oriiiiitioii ainiiit lis, and
very little ahoul any one else ; and Ihereliire they were
dismissed at iii^rlit-iall, and m.nle the best of (heir way
home, whire they were the first to t'ivc noliee of the
vicinity of the luiirands, altlioii<,'li several hhephcrils had
Keen them, and had even made pinehasi s of hri.id and
other pro\ i>ioiis li<r (liein. 'I'hc i;oiifalouierc tliiii suit
lo raleslriiia lor the marshal of (he dis(ricl who nione
can (iriler out the eivii j;uaril.''
When Ihei- <i cresy was no loncer of use (o (he roh-
hers, nr il iiierrniis (o the inhabitants, the xheplierds coii-
te;i«ri| tlinl the h.iiidilli liHil vi-iteil their sheep-cots, near
Cipianira, on the ev. uinjr of the IMIi of Aii|;ns(. "Only
(he d.iv aHi r we had been on the very naiiic rock," miyK
oiir author, " to see the smi set t'roiii it ; and as we lislencd
(o (lie disl lilt sound ol'ii ba','pi|ie amoiiir (he bills, a yoiinif
I 111 who was Willi i|s, «:iiil, 'Thai is most likely ii sliep-
lii III tVom (he Abrir/,?i,or some of ihime wild Nea|iolitaii
places that harbour the outlaws.' 'I'he briifands ati (wo
of till' shi'plii'i'ds' sheep, inerily skiniiiiiir (belli, and roaKt-
jiii' them whole, and honoured them with their roinpany
llir two 111 rills. They seill one of (hem lo I'oli for blend,
krepinii bis loinp.iiiions an liostaircM, and (hreadninir nil
the sliepherilK with death, If they re\eali'il haiinir sern
tliciii williiii I iL'lit iliiyH. 'I'liesi' threats, whiell arc il'iial
I'rom the briuaiiils, and Ihe fiicility of cxcentiiii; them on
(lie poor sin pheril", alwa; s in (he open eouiilry nnd soli.
( irv places, would Biillii ienlly uccoHlit (or (he nilchcci or
ciilLlsi if the hitler.
" Willi their lnis(» llip haiiilil.< talked Very freely,
treatinp of (heir own |irivate histories nnd modes of lite.
They showed them the silver heart and picture of the
Aladoimn, which each had suspended I'rom his neck,
sayinjr, ' We know (Init we arc likely (o die n violent
death; but in our hour of nceil we have these,' toiiehin;;
their iMuskets, ' to s(ru(rt;h' '"f our lives willi, nnd (his,'
kissiiiw- the iiiiapc of (he Virgin, ' (o make our ilealh
e.isy.' This mi.xlnre of ("eroeity nnd sii|i<'rsti(ton is or ■
of (he nios( (errilic features in (he character of the ba.i-
ditti of Ilnly.
" 'I'herc was amon;; (his troop, wliich now so imine-
dinlely interested us, shut up, us we were, at I'oli," says
Mrs. (iralinm, "one iiinu I'rom the nei^hbourhnod, n
shepherd, whose master had (rea(cd him rnlher cruelly,
and who now said llin( he (lionirli( it hi^li timn to call
ii{K)ii his master, and thank him for his courtesy. This
observation heiii}; carried to tin master, he was, ofeonr.se,
1 ireful not to tiu out of (he town f;ates alone, nnanued.
or on foot. However, the hriirands made him pay (or
his safety, or that of his Hocks, wliicli were ex|iosed in
the countrv ; lor thev sent him nil ortlcr (o provide n
number ol' vclvil suits, linen shirts, and drawers, and
^tonl ;,'reat coats, ami to deposit tlicin at a eertnin spot,
by a H:iven time, on pain of losin^r his Hocks on the hills.
The pro|irietiir sent n iiii sseiiijer (o Uoine (o cnipiire ol
the {jiiveriiincnt, w hi ther his property would be protected
or };iiaraulii'il to him, if he reliiseil to supply llir robbers,
or whiiher he should supply Ihe robUrs with (he clodi
iiii; reiiuired. 'I'he answer was suih as (o iudiiee him (o
provide (he nriielcs deiiiaii<led by (he appointed day.
" 'I'lie iiiarcschal havinj; arrived froin raleslriiia, in
conseipienee of the message of the ;;onfaloiiiere of I'uli,
the civic (;uaril was nt last callid out, and a siiifriilar
siene presentiil itself, as we lonkeil from our windows.
The iiiiire-.ehal, w lib a siiiyle horse pislol stuck in bi>
belt, v\'.-is walkini^ up and down, in consultation with the
piiiuipal inhabilaiits of (he phue ; for (here was a pri tly
^'ineral e\pi elation that the br^'ands would collei t in
ureatir iiiiiiiIk rs, and atdnipl lo enter I'l.ii that ni;;bl.
Hy-anil-by, twelve or loiirtei ,1 yiimiir "nn joineil thei
iiniicd with muskets and rovvlin!,'-pieces, of various con-
struclion; the.se lijrmi d the ( ivic fr"'i'''l- •'^onie of thi
i^ims were (heir own, others heloiij^cd (o j^overniueut,
and were lent for the occasion. About du o'lloik, (he
parly wen( to n little platform just without the principal
Uate, whiell iisuiilly serves as a play-nroimd tor children,
to fire at a mark, nnd try their powilcr, ri'dardless of (he
spo( iH'in^ exaiily wilhiii sii;li( of (hi' enemy's camp. .\(
li iifflh they set out ill piirsnil of thi' hri(janils ; hut, as we
ancrwards learned, with little ho|K' or iiilculion of iliiini;
iii'iie than drivini; (licin from (heir ininicilia(e haunt in
the iici<;liboiirlioo(l, nnd peril ips nlarmin^r them; lor
iininy had t;one out without powder and shot, nnd li'vv
with more than n second cliar(.'e. Shortly nfli r their de-
parture, n party of nearly two Imndrcd men, who had
Ihcii lint to eolleel and drive in the eatlle from the hill,
entered the (own, with such shouts of joy and triiinipli
llint we thoiiixht (ha( some dctiiehmcnt oi' the briiraiids
had been met with ami roudil; bill we soon diseovcred
(he very unnsnnl si;;lit of a herd of tat omii, with cows
.'Hid line calves, or rather hell- rs, rmiiiiiii; down the
s(ree(, liillowcd by (heir drivers, ioiil nccoinpanied bv nil
Ihe wnuieii and childri n of (he town. Towards niulit a
lieutenant, with n very small parly of his llohness' sol-
diers, eiili red the town, ill eiiiseipience of a mcssiifje
sent to Tivoli tin iiii;ht 1 1 Hire; tin y were intended to
assist the (oven iMiaid, and cie.iled an unusual ile;iri e of
bustle. The |i'il(;iii:r and vietuallinir theni did not seem
to be n matter viry easily adjiisted, nor indud verv
ai;r ilde. Their (;ny dresses and (r:iincd step Hirined
no small contrast w illi (he riisdc air and conrse clolhlii''
of onr ohi friinds; nnd the Hiiperiority they assumed,
seemed by no ineiins pleasin;; (o (he I'olesi. At len(.'tli
the lanterns, » hieli had Ihcii iiioviii|r up and down the
street ul lea,>( (WO hours la(cr than they linil ever done
111 fore, ilroppi il otl' I lie by one, the evpected ntlnek on
the tiivvii was forgotten, and (he iii);iit passed ipiiedy as
usual.
" I'.nrly (he nex( luorninir, ntiothcr parly of (he (owns,
men, aecompnniid hy iiiosi ol' the solilieis, set out in
search oi'die brigands, and in the aDeriioon die party of
the ilay hefore ri tumid. They had found the laii ol'ihe
rohlsrs yet warm; the i;rasH wns Irnddeii down; iVni;.
nieiils ot hreail and othiT I'ihhI, nilii|;le<l with remnants
of I lolliiiur, lorn nnd cut packs of cards, and broken or-
nanieiils, lay rtreweil nlsiut the i^roimd. The skin of n
sheep wns liaii:;ini,' on n tree; nnd ivery thiiiff Imre the
marks of a very hasty removal. The ifiinrd found a
shepherd, with some ilresscij meat, and employeil m
makiiiK sandals of ii kid's skin; this they (H\i'd him
with linvlii|f kilktl fur tho brifrmulsi bul Ira nMH<rle(l lliii(
he had (akeii i( from (he moiidi of a vrolf who had been
at (be (lock the nijjlit before.
"The direilioii lakin by the banditti, on the two fol.
lowing: days, was hy no inians certain, and we beiran to
ho|H' tiiat they had Id) the in i;;hhourhood. ihit on Ihe
inorninu alter, some women linviu!r reporled (hnl (lay
henrd a vvhislliiu; in a d<ep frien, wilhin a mile of the
town, oil the road towards raleslrinn, the civic jruard
was ordered out ill pursuit, nnd one of onr party deter-
mined to accompany it. A soldier and n spy headed the
litde (riHip. As soon ns (hey {jot out of the (own, mid
leaihed llie wood, the soldier direelcd tliein lo ninrcli in
Indian fde. Tliuugh the result of (his (bird eijirdidiin
was as imsncressful as llm( of the two others, the dan-jer,
or at least (he apprehension of it, was snlVicienl lo show
the tcniper of Ihe people. An they npproached the siis.
pelted spot, strict silence was kept. A woman, who rctnl
as ^tuide, at len(rtli stopped, and the party beg-an to ile.
SCI nri into a deep dellle, with the nimosi eantion, .ii.d
U'real dillicully. It was a roinantie spot, the InmI of a
I iver, at this season aliuost dry ; and one of Ihe men, as
he looked (rarfiilly round, whispered, ' This is, indeed, ,i
place liir baiidilti.' In the ab-sence of the rohlHrs them.
selves, the peasants eliinbin}; amoiij; the loose stones iit
the holtom, made a pietnrcsi]iie addition to the naiumi
vvildness of the scene. Here some of the |H'ople wero oli-
scrveil III la);, to the ;rreat distress of the lorcniost, who
I selaiiiied, ' Hy hei.vi ii I those fcMows arc Icavinp lis I'
The si-lcs of (he ravine, where not rocky, nro elolliul
vvidi lar(;e chesnut trees and hnishwood, so that the dan.
t'er of tin; situation, supposinfr the brigands lo be enn.
iialed anioni; the trees, indiierd (he Mildier (o bnik liir a
convenieid place (o ascend. There was a sleep, narrow,
slopiiifr fiebl planted with maize, with chestnut tries nn
each side: the troop climbed lip (o it in silence, and tlii-
soldier direi led (he men (o lower (heir nmskcls, that tin v
iui);ht lint be seen over the top of the brushwood. 1'hii
spy, who was foremost, ailvaiiecd towards the trees, half
r.iisi (I his imiski t, and tlieii stepped back to the solilier,
and wliispered, which made the people believe liny hail
Ibniiil Ihe rohliers ; and one of them said, ' Here they an,'
and hesitated.
"The wood was eiilcred, but notliini; found there;
and Ihe rest nf die innreli was only n repetition of the
.same cautious walk. 'I'he spy, who had lelV the coin|)iniy
lo c.vamine a narrow path, was nearly shot hy one of tln'
men, who heard n rustliii); aiiioni! the leaves. A sniokr
.it a distance, wliiih at first nave sonic alarm, liirin d out
lo be nothiiif; bul some eliad'Hhieli a peasant wnii burn,
in;;. At kiijjth they arrived nt the lop of Ihe hill, Is'.
tween I'oli nnd ('a|iranien, a sl.ilion where they resolvnl
lo wail liir another division of (he (owusmeii, which linil
i;oiie round by a dillireiit road. At length they ap|K'nriil,
bul neither party liked lo approach Ihe other, till a ci r.
lain red jacket wns recognised, when (hey joined, ai;il
retiu'iieil the shortest way home. While the tir^t parlv
had vailed iiiider Ihe lues liir the ether, sentinels liiil
been posted ..il round, at a Inmilnd yards' distance. 'I'l,r
rest nimiMil IhiMisi Ives by elimbiii;; lor sipiirrels' nesi'-,
and ti llii'.ir Htories of one niii ther, from which it appeaml
thai mole than one of them had CM'apcil Iroin prison for
attenipts at assassiuatioii. One in particular, who secniiil
a kind of liarleipiiii anion),' tlieiii, liiid had inori' than eiii'
biir-bre.iillh 'scape whin (he sbiiri were in pursuit iif
him. (Ill one ocension he had escaped by li'npin)r I'rnin
a hl|;h window; nnd to prove thai he bail lost iioneofliiK
iiLnbly, 111' diverted himself willi elimbiiiij to the extreiiii.
ties of (he liii;li clies(nii( iHinjrhs, nnd droppiiifr oil' tlieia
to Ihe yrounil.
"Shorlly nller Ihe return of (he (jnnrd, wi' found tleii
the biinililli had nally bii ii in an opposite din i lion, iiii
the lii'ii;bts of S.in (iie);in'io, wlieiiee they had taken a
ipiiintily of bread and wine. \\ v thereliiie weiil out, mill
took a short walk wilhoiit the )riiteH. 'I'he near tielil»
were more than n«u.'illy peopled; tor sevi ml small llnrku
and n few heads of laltle had bei n driven in from tlir
hills, that they nii)<ht |io into Ihe town at iii),dit ti>r prn.
Iiition. We iib«irviil that the boy who vvi lit dailv In
cut wood for till b.ikir had imillli li the bell that liiiii!;
loimil his ass's neck, in onh r In pn vent the noise (I'lun
Ih Irayiiiir his mnstrr. 'Ihe liiriners who had oeeni>liin
111 u'o to the tbnshlni;. doors, all went well moimteil, anil
with nil attenihiiit or two. On i,'oiii|r lioiiir, vvc lenrnnl
that n surL'i oil, and two or time other inrsoiis, had Inin
sei/iil by the hri'.Miiils, and enrried to Ihe moimlains, in
order to olitnin a ransom. They were inhalutants nf
( 'asli LMadamn, n sninll town near Tivoli, nnd so iinini'il
mill MarL'ari'l of Anslria, daughter of I linrles V. Till"
lews neeissnrily iui'reased the eoiisleinatioli of II"'
hoiisehiilders of I'oli, w ho now resolved lo niake every
elUirt lu nsff'iiibk' and nriii (he yiNiii); men of llin Inwn.
m>3i\N nANoiTTi.
10.1
' >vliu liad been
[in (lio two Inl.
ul \vc lirirmi In
(I. I(\il on till'
iirti'd tiinl tiny
1 a niilr of the i
111- ri\ic jriiiirrt
inr pnrty ditor-
1 s|iy licmlcd Hip 1
r the town, mid
[in In ninrcli in
third ri|)<"dition
hers, till' diiiij;pr,
illic'unt to shinv
■ont'lu'd llic pun-
iiinnn, whorctiil
rtv lu'ifiin to df.
ii^t ciiiillnn, ,ii>il
ml, tlir IhmI of 11
1^ of till' mm, as
['his is, indri'd, a
lie riddnrs llicni-
' loosf dtOlll'S .'It
n In thi' naiiirni
[' IM'npll' WITO ol).
11' liiri'mnst, wlin
lire Iciviiijr lis I'
icky, lire ilolhcd
I, so that llii^ ilaii-
rjiiiids to he con-
ilior to looU (iir a
H n stn'|), niirrow,
rhcstnnt tni's mi
I silriH't', iind the
iniskcts, thill lliiy
liru^hwiHid. Tlip
rds the tires, liiilf
ek to the soldjiT,
lielii'vr thry luiil
I, ' lliTc they un,'
I
il I'roiii |irisiin Inr
iliir, who Ki run il
ill inori' Ihiin enr
err ill |ilirsllil nl'
J hv Inipinp Iroiii
Id InsI none iiriiH
He diin iK'n, mi
llii'v had tiikeii a
Iveii in troin tin
\i lli^'hl li>r I'll!
n Hllll diiily II
Ik II llllil lilllll
line, we leiirnnl
nioinilaiiiN III
and so niiiiii'a
I'lnatiiiii 111' 111"
1 III iniike every
kill ol" (lie Inwii'
\t iii<'lit n siiinll detachineiit ol" I'olesi, whieli lirid heeii
Kent to join the |)00|de ot'Ciisaini in an atlein|il to drive
the bindilti t'roin San <iri'(;oriii, where the tnesiii hail
Ivi'ii siiimded on the eaptnre of the ]H'o|de froiii Cistel-
.Miilaiiia, reluriieil. Tliiy were sent haeli wilhiiiil at-
l,.,,,|,liii>f III do any thinjr, as il was tiared that any ii|)eii
measures ai;ainsllhe rolilH'rs, hclore the raiisoiii was paid,
wniild endanger the lives of the prisoners."
t)ii Ihe IHIIi of An<riist, the day id" Saint .\);:i|M't, w hen
there was a ehurch li'slival and » fair at the neijrldKmrinp
Inivii of i'alestrina, alKiiit two liiindied and liliy persons
unliired out from I'oli to (;ii to Iheni. "One parly pre-
ceded till' other aliont half an hour, and hotli set otV Im'-
llire davlireak. As the sini rose, the rear ]iarly were so
alarmed that they U'^an to think of ntnrninf; home, see-
in" a niiiiihi r of |K'rsoiis throu^'h the trees, whom they at
Cirsi liKik for rohlnrs, hut the siirlit of the women's white
head-elothes satisfied them that they wen' lowiisfolU,aiid
llie two parties joined, and met with iiothiii:; fiilher to
startle llieiii on the road. Shortly atler tin y li It rrii, it
«ns kiiiiwii that ail the /lonr prisoners had Ik en ilisiiiissed
hv Ihe hanililti; hnl lliiw from whom they eiiuld hope to
oMitI a ransnin were detained. Ahiml noon a report
n'aelied iis that one of the eaptivi's had Ik'cii harliaroiisly
murdered; and towards iiifrht, as it had lieen aseertaineil
III 'I'ivoli that the siir^ieou, the only remaiiiinj; prisoner,
was sali', an order eame to I'oli for all the liiree it was
iKissilile to asseiiihle to keep the pass of (Mi.id.iijiiola to.
wards I'oli, as every other avenue liy whieli the liriffands
ciiiild eseape was supposed to he already siiHieieiUly
iniarded. This order arrived ahont simsi t. Most of Ihe
nii'ii were atisent at I'aleslrina, mi that Ihe hoys and old
iH'opU' were eolleeteil In , he street to elioose out ol". Their
wives, niiithers, and (jraiidmotliers, eame out, eaeh with
hir laiilern, to Ik'jt lliat her hnsliand or eliild miijlit he
lidlo^niard her house, in ease Ihe rohi.ers, I ikiiiij ad-
vaiit ijie of the iihsenei' of the Klroiiij men, should alt.M'k
the Inwn. 'i'iie lamilies who possessed arms refused to
It'Mil lliem to the jrnard, and as it ap|n'ared that Ihe iii^lit
w.is likely to 1h' wasted in idlerealieli:-, Ihe iii:;^i. trule>
■ ml the olfieer, who still reniained ill the town, resolved
to niter the houses liiri ihly, and lake what arms they
eoiild find. Two or tliriH' houses were aeeoriliii:;ly en.
Il nil, hill il eonsmned Ihe time ei|ii.illy, and the jjinis
were so well eoneealed, that there was little ehanee of
ulilainint; ennii(rh to arm the l"ew men they eoiild pro-
\ide; theretiire they resolved to wail till the morniin.',
when the men would U' returned from I'alestrina. The
seeiie in Ihe streets, where all pnldie lin^iness is trans,
aeled, was not only ipiile new to iis, hut eiirions in itself.
The arnii'd and the unarmed, the willing and the imwill-
mc, were all vneil'eralin); nl oiiee : the women were j^'o.
iiiu' alsad with their inliinis in one liaiid and a lantern in
llie other; now airuravaliii^f, now ipiirliiif; the ilispnt.iiils.
The |ieople t'rom Ihe I'east at l'ale.<liiiia eame tjr.iduallv
ilnippiiii; in, laden willi tin ir nuts or other f,iriiii,rs, and
iiiiMly half iiitoxieated, all iiiiiii;lim; tonelher, ami talk.
Ill); of ilanuer from liaii<lilti to lie iippreheiidi d that iii|,'ht,
el' In JH' pro\iiled aijainsl next day, wllhont ever eonsi.
ill nil',' 111 it, while they were di^putiriL', tin riillians would
I'l i|ie ill any direetioii they eliosi'. .Sueli was the i veil-
III;: of the eiu'lileerith. The morning' of the iiiiieleeiilh
nu" not nineh more orderly. The men, indeed, soher,
anil in earnest, tor this lime, had armed Ihemselves well,
mill were le.ivini; the town in !,'realer niiiiiliers than we
Iwiil vet seen asseiiililed. Their w ives and el.ildnn, he-
lieiin^' there was now some real ilaniri r, were silliiiif l:i-
niiiiliii^' ill ijronps alioiil Ihe sireil; lint they niiixlil have
."p.in il I'jeinsehes the p.iin. The en-at moimlain pass
li.iil Uen h 11 iiii:;iiarded lor more lliaii I'mIm' hours.
Il.ilf thai lime winilil lii:\e sullieed the hri)^amls, willi
llii if aelive liiiliils, to have eseaped lo a disliinee far out
el the reaeli of piir' nil."
Tired with heiii'i |"'iit lip, riiid of seriiiir n town with
twi'he hiiiiilred inhaliil nils kept in eoiilinu'd alarm, eiir
iiMir.ieeiiiH eoiiiilrt'Hom.iii and her two eoiiipaiiieiis, w itii
nil KenrI, lei) I'l.li', on the 'Jlst of \uiiiisl, for Tivoli. (hi
liiT r.iiul she pa-sed the l'Iiii|H'ror Hadrian's villa, ninonir
whose ruins Ihe rohhers had pll.•^sed the iiii,dil, ami then
liy iiineeihil. They must have seen Inr ami her parly
liT^s, hill as the inmiher of llieir muskets were iiili'rior,
liny did iiol ri->k nil attaeU. She arri\eil safely at Tivoli,
uliirh she found in n slate of slill i.'re iter eoiiNlernalioii
lli.iii llie little town xlie liiiil leO. Her eseorl joined iiii.
iiinli ill ly the people of Tivoli in pursuit of' the onllaws,
«liii wi re seen eriwHini; Ihe hills In hind tin town.
" Kvervday while we reniaiiiid at Ti\o|i hroiiyjlil some
Mi'iv parlleiilars eoneeriiini,' the manli nf the hamlllli. Il
• II" iiseirt lined thai llii ir entire iminlHr uiiinunled lo
ulmiil niie Imiidred niid forlv, di\ided into eoni|miiiei< not
nreulinif Iwraly in Mrh, for Ihe wkr of rnotn cnny iiib-
sislenee. The liead-ipiarlers ap|M'areil In lie at |{io Freil-
do, and in the woods of Siihiaeo. 'I'heir spies, and those
who hoiiuhl pro\isiiins for them, were livishly paid, and
the insl.iiiees of any information heiii'^ ;,'i\rn niriiiusi
them v.eie very rare. On one oeeasion, however, liny
had sei/.ed a phiiijjhman heloii^riiiff lo Uio I'Veddo, and,
aller heatiiij; him, they had sent him to his house lo
I' leh a few dollars, as the priec of his future security
while at work. < hi his way the plini;r|nnan lint llie rnh-
her liimli rs heloiifrin;? to Siiliiaeo, and c '*'' 'In'iii notiee
of the situation of the rohhers. 'I'hiy desireil him to
feteh his mom y, and fjn to the ap|H<inled |daee with il.
and if ho found them still there, to have a mark nl a
partieular treu. Meantime they look measures for siir-
roundinjT the rohhers' lair, and havin;; done so, waited
patiently till the poor man hail paid his mom y, and made
the mark asireeil on; and this they were more careful to
do, as, had the liri'.'ands suspeeted he had j;iveii iiifor-
malloii, liny would ei liainly have put him to ilealh. .Xs
soon as they knew him to lie sale, the himlers drew close
round the enemy, who weri' si veil in niimher, and fired ■
two were killed on the spot, and the five others, of wl'.ini
one was liiimd dead of his wounds near l!ie place next
day, leH their fire-arms, and concealed Ihemselves in the
Ihieket nf Areiimrzo, h< tweeii liio Freddo and Siihii.eo."
" l'!vi'ry eveiiina; thu episcopal church IhII raiifi at 'i'i-
voli, lo set 'he ;;nards at the different liridi.'ea leadini; to
llie town, as the people were in iii^'htly expectation that
the hrifrands would enter il in search of provisions, with
which the shepherds hail iM'come rather shy of supply iii},'
them, since two or three of them had been taken up and
imprisoin d for so doinj^. On the niirhl of the '21 st or 'Jtid
seven rohhers had ^rone lo San Velturino, armed ehielly
« itii liliidi;eons, and had taken nearly all the lireail in the
lown, hnl had not carried off any of ihe irihahilanls, who,
in I'act, are not rich i'iioiii;li lo afford much raiiMim. Ilul
the most intrepid fraiifr linifered ahoul Tivoli, where there
are a iiumher of rich proprietors, who ini;;lit have fur.
nisheil a eonsiileralde hooly."*
" The h.idy of a innrdeied man wr.r. foiiml at the pate
of San (irei;.'orio, with twenty wennds, inllieled with
knives. The liri;;aiids, emholdeiied hy siieeess, seemed
determined to press closer round all the hill-towns. .N'one
of the inineipal iiihahilants veiitnreil wilhout the walls,
and I VI n the work. people were rohlied of their ornamenls
and their little saving's." Such hciiii; the dref.dfiil stale
of this part of the country, the spiiilid author and Inr
friends ahhieviateil tin ir villi'Cdiatnra, and leavini; the
lovelv scenery of Tivoli — its cascade and i;riiltois, its
woods and rucks, its villas and ijraeefiil aneient leiii]i!es,
returm d lo Ivi.ine early in S-ptemlM'r.
Diirini; In r short siny at Tivoli she herame r.equainted
w illi Si;,'nor ('hcruliini, Ihe siirircon of ('aslel-.M.iilama,of
whose laptivily amonjj the rohhers she had heard so
mneli 111 I'oli. Me wiis a man of imdouhled veracity, and
liore a \\\iih eliaraetiT, lint only as an aide sur^'con hnl a
^'i.od man. He related to her every l>arlieiil:ir of his enp-
Inre and lilieralimi, allowii;',' her lo write tin in down ;
and she was allerwards so liirtuniite as to procure u eir-
emmlanlial accoimt writlen hy himself ton friend, which
ahoiimis with inlerisl, and striking trails of cliaraeler.
S{|.rinir ('heriiliini was simmioned larly in the mornini,'
of the Kill of.\i|eust lo Tivoli, to iillend a sick mm and
a ;ri''i'li man of that plaie, hy a factor well known lo
him, and iiaiind Harteleiii ii Alarasea. They mI oil' on
horseliaek together, the factor lieinir armed w illi a iruii.
" We had learceiy p.is-^id Ihe second areli of the iin-
eieiil i'i|iieiluels," w tiles Ihe poor sur^^eon, " win ii two
anmdnnii siiilili nly riisln il out from the thicket and
■topped the way, and poinliii;j their loii^ (;uns at Ihe
f H lor, w ho wa'< ridiii;,' a little liefore me, oi di red him to
dismoiiiil. tMeaiilime two others came out of the wood
hehitid me, so as lo lime us lie! ween them and Ihe liirmer
Iwo. Doth the fii lor and myself had disinouuted at Ihe
lir^t iulimalioii. The Iwo mi u liehiml me ordered nielo
turn hack inst.iiitlv, and lo walk luliire them, nol hv
llie road to ('aslil-Madamn, hnl that to San (Inirorio.
The first ipiesliou Ihe rohlnrs asked me, was, whether I
was Ihe prince ot'Castcl-Madama, ineiiiiinir, I Hinev, the
\ ill -prince who had passed the road a little liefore me.
' " Afir we ti'litrili'il lo Ilnliir. \M> Irlllin'-I, llliil Ihe stiiiii' L'nnt;
hllll M' l/.''ll till' liri'h I'llt'Sl 111 \'l|-iMiire, l%lli>r>e lieiilll W, ll.ixjllK nt
ti'llil sdlli' re.lMlllliie, Ull<i kIMitI on llie b)<er. The rinnuini lle.
iiitoiili'il li<r llie (irti-si iiiiil II IVi) nil w as ^o . \tiililliiiii iliiii h ciinhi
net he riMiLi'iiuhli h itie riirtliui" »ini O" riiir'i lo ih. Ir raiiillleii,
'I ml iiOervx lints Ml. lit. >>i ilieir llii tiers. A' l"iiiiili. ilr. it nl wnniiiu.
itlnl IH rhiiiw iirllie-il In the inlnji iiinU nl llie Iwil |>liHolieiN llie\
inioil. reil llnill' 'I'ln le Ik ii soil nl I'. iniiK Jnlllh nilinliu 1li< h.
hll'allils, nil <•■ ^llnl kiln;, |ieilia|« llniM Unit lirllinl rriie'lv, 'I'lnn
llllil iiiriiiiiMt Ihe jirii'Ni nl IiIk rnlie« llllil I'll ih 111 hnl i\mi nr ilio'i
•lii\* 111 roll' ilM'l Ulhil Itlni; line 111' Illi II ninnlM i (iiil on ilie i>nrer
iliiiiililnihiini nniUiil'IMiilelinrii In.nHn.wnh hUhli|ll ciniMin'
Inn, tthiih ihiiy frirti'il the poer pniKil in wear.''
To this I answered, that I was not the prince, hut a
poor siiryeon of Caslel-Alndama ; and lo eonvinee tin ni
that I spoke truth, I sliowi d Iheiii my ease of lain els,
and my ha^' of siiinieal iiisirimienis ; hut it was of no use.
Diiriiiir our walk towards .Siii (irenorio, I perecivtd that
the numlier of hriirands increased In Ihirleeii. t hie Inok
my watch from me, aiiolher my ea»e of lancets, .At llio
iM'diniiiiiK- of our march, we met, at short ilistanees, llnir
youths helonj;iiifr to San (irejrerio, juid one elderly man,
all of whom were ohlin^ed lo share my eaplivily ; shortly
al^er we met another man, and an old wnmnn, wlios.i
ear-rinns were taken, and they were then pertnilted to
eonlimie their jiiiiriiey. In the meadnus fiy the last
ruined aipiidint, the linrses which the liielor .Marasea
and I had ridden, were turned loose, and aller passiiii,' n
ravine, we heiran to elimh the steipi si par! of the ineiiii.
lain with siii li speed, that lo-;! Iher w illi Ihe iihirm I fell,
made me pant so violently, that I Iremliled every nni-
inent lest I should liiirst a hlood-vessel. At li le'lh,
however, we reached the top of the moimlain, where we
"ere allowed to rest, and we sat down ill the ^'lass.
•Marasea then talked a jrnod ileal with the liri;ialids;
showed himself well aei|iiainled with their nmnhers, .".ml
said other IhiiiL'S, which my wreleheil stale of mind pre.
vented me from nllendiiiu' to very dislinelly ; hnl seiiiin'
him apparently so iutimale willi Ihe rolihers, a suspicion
Ci isseil me that I was lielrayed liy him.'
'I'he chief lirii;anil tinned to the poor siircenn, and
throwin-r him his lamet ease, said he would think aliinil
his ransom. The sur^'con n prcsi nieil his poveilv with
tears, hilt his ransom was fixed as liijrh as two ihousainl
dollars; and pen, ink, and paper lieini; prndiieed, he was
oliliced to wrile tor that sum, which he did, willi all the
earnestness that the preseiiee of thirteen assassins, and
the fear of death, eoiild inspire. Tlie Ihinir was now lo
procure a iiM'sseiifjer to carry this leller. This was sunn
done. A man was plonjdiiii;; on the side ol' the hill
lower down, and another, hi lonixiiin- to Caslel-Madama,
was seen in Ihe ll.il lielow. They were liolli seeiired hv
the rohhers, and dispalehed with Ihe surgeon's lelli r lo
Tivoli.
The lirin;amts stayed where tliey were fiirlhree In urn,
when the iipparilion of an armed f'oree in tin ui.trv
helow inilneed them to di. amp. They retiied lowarils
Ihe most woody pari of a slill hiijher inountiiin. " .Mler
a lini^ and most painful niareli, fiinlinir himself in a
pl.iee of K.ifely, the hrii;nnil chief halted, there to await
the return of the messeniri r ; hut as that return was slill
delayed, the rhief eaiiie up to me aiij,'rily, ami said, that
it iiiicht happen to iiie as it did to a eertain inhahitant
of X'elctri, who had hi en taken hy this very hand, who
entered his lionso in disn-nisc, and carried him off lo tlni
woods, and lieiaiise his ransom was loni; in eominir, they
killed liiin, and hIiiii the money eame, Ihe mesMinrer
foiiiid his lifeless Inidv. I Was mui h alarmed at thii«
story, and rejjarded it as a. I'oreruiiner of my own speedy
death."
'I'he terrified sursreon, wlio ccrfainly in his iiarrutive
dis's not affeet the virlue lle had not, then told the rohlieiH
he mi;;lil have wrilti n nuolher letter to ('aslel-Madi'mn
with orders to sell w Initever he possessed, and to semi
up the money immeiliately. 'i'liis pleased them : another
letter was writlen, and one of Ihu prisoners from San
(iri'lliirio was sent oil' with il.
"Aller lie was );nne, I saw my eoiiipaiiii n the Oietiir
Marasea walkiiin ahont can le«s|y imiiiiirr the liriL'amIs,
Inokiiu; at their iirms, and niakini.' anfry );estiins; hut
he did not speak. Shortly nlhr, he I'liine mid sat down
hy me; it was then that the eliii f, Imviiii,' a taij'c stick
in his hand, came up In him, an ' w ilhoiil siiviii;; n siiinjn
word, (rave him a lilow on Ihe li:,ek of Ihe liead jint
where it joins the inek. Il did not kill liliii, so he roKi
ami cried most piteoiisly, 'I have n wili' and eliildreii,
llir (iiid's s,'\ke spare iiiv life!' and thus saviiiif he ilc.
fended himsell' as well as he eoiihl willi his liamlH.
t Hlier hrinniiils elosi il round him ; a slruiryle ensued, ami
Ihey rolled tii(;elhi'r down a steep preeipiee. I i lo-ed
my eyes; my head dropped on my lireast, I heard a cry
or two, hut I sceiii'd to have Inst all sensation. In a
very shell time the hricuids rilinind, iiiiil I saw thu
chief lliriist his datrircr, slill stain il with hleiul, into its
sheath: lln ii luriiiiii; to iiii , he amiinmeiil the dentil nf
the liielor ill llnse words : ' Do you not fear I we liavii
killed the fielor iHciiiise he was a sliirro; sm II as ynii
are not Hhirri. lle liuiki d at mir ariiw, and seenii d dis-
posed In imiriiiiir; and if the t'orce had eoiiie up, ho
niiidit have In'eii ilaiiui Tons.' And IIiiib they I'ol rid of
Marasea. The eliief, seeini> lliiil the inoliev liir me still
did not eoiin frniii Tivoli, and Isiiii; nfraid lest tioopi
slioidil he mill, seemed uneertain w hat lo do,7iiid sniil In
his rompanioiiii, * liuw simll wv dls|Hipi> of uur iirimiirrn '
ll ■''♦' v» I
' .t^*^
Vl
M
■ ^
!+■
; f
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If
I
104
LIVK:^ OF BANDITTI AND ROIIDEIIS.
m
Wv iiiiist either kill tlicin, nr HViid tlieni liuiiii' ;' but tlicy
could not decide on cither, and he came and it down
hy mc. I, renienibcrin); that I had n little mom i about
mr, which might amount altojjethrr to thirty [laulK,
(thri-e crowns,) gave lliein frankly to hiui to jrniu his
cood-will. He took it in good part, and said he would
keep it to pay llic spy."
It now iMgan to rain very heavily — it was four o'clock
in the allornoon, and no messenger ntiirmd. At liUit
voices were liear<l on the hills. The robbers feared they
might be soldiers instead of messengers, but they at last
said, " come down !" There was an anxious tilence, but
no one came.
" Alhr another short interval, we heard another voice
also from above on the left ; and then wc saiti, ' Surely
this must he the messenger.' Uut the brigands would
not trust to it, and fonicl us to go on to a pl.iee a good
deal liiijher, and level with that whence the voice pro-
ceeded. When we reached it they all presented their
nuiskels, keeping the prisoners behind them : and thus
prepared to slaml on the defensive, thiy cried out,
'Come forward:' In a lew mojnents two men ap|>earet(,
among the trees ; one of them the peasant of Caslel-.Ma-
dania, who had been sent in the morning to .Sigiior
Celesliui at Tivoli, the other the ploughman of San (ire-
gnrio his coinpanirm. As sckiu as they were recognised,
they wen; ordered to lie down with their faces to the
ground, and asked if tliiy came alone, llut the man of
Castel-.Madama answered, ' It wouhl lie a tine thing in-
di'ed, if I, who am almost dead willi fatigue, aller
<lind)ing these mountains with the weight of live hun.
dred sc\idi about me, should Ik,' obliged to prostrate mysell
with my face to the eartli ! Here's your money ; it was
all that could \iv got together in the town !' Then the
chief took the money, and ordered us to change our
station. Having arrived at a convenient place, we stop|K(l,
and he asked if there were any letters .' iking answered
that there were two, he gave them to me to read ; luid
ii'arning from them that llie .sum sent was five hundri^d
crowns he counted them, and fmdiiig the number exact,
iiaidall was well; praised tlie punctuality of the |K'asanl,
and gave him some silver as a reward (or iiis trouble :
his companion also reeeiveil a small present."
The robbers now released liie poor peasants from San
Oregorio. " I, therefore," says the surgeon, " with the
inasant of (Jastel-IMadama, remained the only piisoners ;
and wc were made to march across the mountains. 1 asked
why they did not set me at lilu rty, as they had received so
considerable a sum on my account .' The chief answered,
that 1 unist await lln^ return of the niessenger with the
second letter, who had been sent to I'astel-.Madama. 1
contiuui'd to press him to let me go before niglit, which
was now drawing on apace, saying, that perhaps it hud
not been possible to procure any money atC'astVl-.Madania,
and that if I was to remain out all night on the hill in
the colli air, it would Inive been better to have killed me
at once. Then the chief slopiicd nn', and bade me Uike
go<]d eare how 1 said such things, for that to them kill-
ing a man was a muller of |Krlect iudill'erenee. The
Bume tiling was also said loine by another outlaw, whogave
me liis arm during oiu rocky journey. At length we
reached the top ot a niountam where there was some
pool.i of water torme<l by the rain; ond then tluy gave
me some very hard ami black bread tliat 1 might eat,
nnd drink some of that water. I drank three tinieu; but
1 found it im|Kis»ible to eat the breail."
Thi'y contimied walking over these mountain lo|>s till
midnight, when tin y met an ass and a shepherd. They
monnltd the worn-oul surgeon on the ass, and the shep-
herd b'd them all to his hut, near which wan a threshing.
Iloor, and, sinnething much better for them, a <ihee]i.fold,
whci)co a sheep was Bi>ccdily purloined, skiinied, and
roasted. It was ealen, loo, before the surgeon, who had
dropiied asleep neor the blav.ing hearth, awc)ke. llut the
chief had reserved a few iiliei s for him, whieh he now
Hpillod on liis ramroil, roasti'd, and gave to him, apolo-
gising for Iho abseuci- of salt. Save the chief nnd a seji-
tinil or two, gorgeil with nmlton and black bread, all
the rest of the banilitti weri! fast asleep on the Iloor,
round the fire. " 1 could scarcely force myself," says
the surgeon, " to swallow a few morsels j hut I drank a
little wine which Imd been found in a small barrel nt the
threshing. Iloor. This wan the oidy tinni I saw any of
the brigands drink any tiling but water. 'I'he chief lobl
me Ihcy were always alVaul when fresh wine canu',
lest it should lie druggi'd ; and that they always made
whoever brought it drink a good ileal of it; and if in two
hours no had symptoiiiM «p|H'ared, then they used the
wine."
From the nhsphrrH'n hut lliey went to the sheen fold,
vvlier* tho robbcm powviisud Iheninclvei of luniu Iuiiiim
of boiled meat, a great coat, and some cheeses. Here
the chief made the i)oor surgeon write another letter to
Castel-.Madama, telling his friends, that, if they did not
Bcnd eight hundred crowns on the following day, the
rohlRTs would put him to death, or curry liim to the
woods of Fajola, if there was a larthiiig less than that
sum. " I told the countryman, who woa about to carry
this letter, to tell my friends that if they found- no jiur-
chasers at Costcl-IMadaiua for my effects, which 1 had
ordered them to sell, they might send Oiep to Tivoli
and sell them tliere lor whatever they would Icteli. 'I'he
chief of the brigands also begged to have a few sliiits
sent Due of the brigands pro|ioscd, I don't know why,
to cut otr one of my ears, and send it with the letter to
Castel-Madama. It was well I'or me that tlie chief did
not approve of this civil projiosul ; so it woa not done.
The chief, however, wanted the countryman to set out
that moment ; hut the eounlryman of Castel Jladama
said, with his usual coolness, that it was not |K)ssible to
go down that steep mountain during the night; on which
the chief told him he might remain in the sheepcote alt
night, luid set out at daylight. ' But take notice,' said he,
' if you do not return hy the twentieth hour to-morrow
to the sheepcote with the eight Imndred crowns, you
may go about your busines.s, butwe shall throw Cherubuii
vtlie surgeon) into some pit.' 'i'he [wasonl tried to jier-
suaile them that [icrhaps it might not be possible to col-
lect so much money in a small town at so short a notice,
ind begged to have a little more time: but the chief
inswered, that they had no time to waste, and that if he
had not returned by the twentielli hour, they woidd kill
Chcrubini."
'i'he rohl>ers again put tlicmselves in movement. There
was an improvement in their road, for instead of the
rough thickets, they came to fine lall limber trees, the
boles of whieli were comparatively smooth, save where
a liillen tree hero and there lay across them, llut the
surgeon was K|H'nt with fatigue, and sore afraid, the
threats of death constunlly ringing in his ear.
" I therelbre reeoinmended myself to (joil, and was
Is gi;iiig him to have compassion on my wretched state,
w hen one of the hrigands, a man of great stature, who
figured among them as a kind of second chief, came up
to me, and tjiking me by the arm, assisted me to walk,
lid said, ' Now, Chcrubini, that you cannot tell the man
of Caste l-.Madaina (whom we had leil at the sheepcote
wailing for daylight,) I assure you that to-morrow, as
soon as he n turns, you shall goliomc free, however small
iie the sum he brings. lie of good cheer therefore, and
do not ilislriss yourself At thai luoniciit I li It such
eoiiiforl from the assurances of the outlaw, that he ap-
piarcd lo me to be an angel from heaven ; and without
thinking why I should not, 1 kis.sed his hand, and
thanked him fervently lor his iine.\|K'cted kindness."
They next laid themselves down to sleep in a thicket,
the roblicrs spreading sheepskins for the doctor, ond the
chief wrapping up his legs in his own eajiote. Two
men kept awake as scntini Is.
"1 know not how li" : we hud rested," continues
•Signer Cheruhini, " when one o( the sentinels came, and
gave notice of daybreak. 'Come to me when it is
lighter,' said the chief; and all was again ipiiet. 1
turned my face so as not to see the brigands, and do7.cd
a little, till I was roused hy the cry ol some wild bird.
I am not sii|H'rstitioiis ; but I had often heard that the
shriek of the owl lijrebodcd evil; and, in tho state of
spirits in which 1 was, every thing had more than its
usual cllect on me. 1 started, and said, ' What bird was
that .'' 'I'licy answered, ' A hawk.' ' 'i'liunk Hod I' I
said, and lay down again. Among my sufferings I can-
not fiirget tlie stinging and liumniing of the gnatji, which
fastened on my fuiv and throat ; but after the death of
IHjor Muriisea, I ilared not even raise my hand to dri\e
llicm away, lest it iihould he taken I'or a sign of impa-
tience."
Soon allir thin they all arose, and after an hour's walk
halted ill another thiekel, where Ihcy breakliisled. After
their meal they lay down to sleep us ls;fore, all save one
literate bunilil, w ho amused himself by reading the ro-
mance of the Cavalier Mesehino. In mi hour tluy
awoke, and filed off, niie by one, to a higher station,
leaving a scnlincl lo guard tlie surgeon.
"In unuthor hour," wiys Signer Chernbiiii, "the
youngest man of the roblurs came to relieve the guard,
who till II went and joined the otIicrH. When I saw litis,
and|K'rei ivedlhey wercengugedinakiiidofeouneilofwiir,
I fi'ured that they hud taken some new rc^ohilioii ahoiil
my lili', and Unit lli« new wiilinel wan come lo put llieir
iruel flesigns in cxeeulion ; but he very sism said lo me,
' lie of gisiil cheer, for lo.night you will Ih> at home 1'
which ifavo mo conte comfort ; Init m I could not entirely
trust them, i had still an internal feur, which, lioweM.r,
i endeavoured to hide. Shortly afterwards we win
called lo join the resl. our station luing now on (Is
nionntain commonly called Colic I'ieiniie, not »rry far
from the ancient sanctuary of Meiilorella. 'I'lieri hi
remained the rest of tiic day, only going out of the way
once, on tlie approach of a Hock of gooLs, that wc niit'lii
not Is' seen hy the goatherds ; but we soon returiml.
Then the second chief, who said he was of Sonnino, niul
one of the five who went to treat with the preaideiil i,(
i'Vosinone, licgan to tiilk of the jiolitical nature of tin ir
situation. He said that government would never Riii.
Cecil in putting them down by lorcc ; that they are not a
fortress to butler down with cannon, but rather birds
which Hy round the tops of the sliariicst rocks, willioiit
liuving any fi.\ed home ; that iti by any misfortune, sevi u
])erislied, they were sure of ten recruits to replace Ihtir
loss ; for criminuls, who would be glad to take rcfuj.'!'
among them, were never wanting ; that the numlicr ol'
their present eonipany amounted to a hundred ami
thirty individuuLs ; and that they had on idea of unili r.
taking some during exploit, perhaps of threatening lioiiii'
itself. He ended by saying, that the only vay to pin
an end to their depredations would lie to give tliini
u general pardon without reservation or liinitatioii, thai
Ihey might all return to their iioiiscs, without fear of
Inaehcry ; but otherwise, Ihey wouhl not trust to, imr
treat with any one, and added, that this was the ica.siiM
iiir which they had not eoneluded any thing with thr
prelate sent lo I'l'osinonc to treat with llieni. As it was,
their company whs delermined to trust nothing but a
pardon from the pope's own lips. ■ ( )iie of the brigaiiils
JKgged me to endeavour to obtain from po'rrnmciil Ihc
freedom of his wife, now in the prison of l'i:iint Micluul
in Home. Another said lo me, ' Il.avc pi.tience, Signor
('lierul)ini; we made a hlunder when we took you ; wr
intended to have had the prince, who, according to niir
iiiformation, should have passsil hy ut that very liiiio.'
In fart, he was to have travelled that road ; and just lie.
fore 1 pa.sscd, not the prince, hut tlii^ person conimiiily
called BO, Ihc viec-prince, or agent, Signor l''ilip[)n (iazoiil,
had gone by, bill, fortmialely for him, Ihey did not kiniH
liiiii, because, as I understood, he was walking aloii;
leisurely, only accompanied by an unarmed hoy, wliu
was leading his horse. The banditti hit their fingc'rii
with rage when they ioiind they hail let him shp, thr
lliey .said they wouhl not have relea.seil him under llirii'
thousand crowns, 'i'hi: brigand who said all this hail
llie collar of the .Aladomia delle Carmine roiiiid his niili,
and said to nie '.Siillir patiently, for the love of tiod.'
"Then the chief of Ihe robbers came to iiic, and lolil
me he w;ls not vi ly well, and desired ine to prisenlii'
li>r him, which I did, in writing. Another, the saiiii'
who had taken my wuleli from me, tohl me that tin
watch did not go, and showed it me. 1 li,und thai lir
had broken the glass and the ininnic hand. He said, if
1 had any money, he would sell it me ; but 1 gave it liiiii
back, saying nothing, lint shrugging up my sliouMi i>.
.Meunlime the d.iy was drawing lo a close, and the ehiil',
taking out his walch, siiid it was now twenty o'chiek.*
He culled the shepherd lo him, and ordered him to (.m
hack to the sheepiold which wc had left during the iiiglil,
and sec if the eounlryman was ennio back with llie
answer to my second letter lo Caslel-Madania. In llial
case he ordered him to accompany him back lo Ihe.pluix
we were now at ; and if he were not conic he orilerril
him lo wait three hours, and if he did iiol come llini,
lo rcliirn lo us alone. The shepherd olxyed, and, allrr
ulsmt an hour and a half. In.' came back nilh Ihe enim-
trymaii and anotliersliephi rdwlio had been sent with liiin.
Tliey bronght with Ihein two sealed packets of iiioiiiy,
which they said ecuitained six liuiidred crowns. Tluy
also brouglit u few shirts, of homespun linen, which llii'
chief hud iH'ggi d of me, and some lillle mailer for iin'
to cut, uiid a little wine to rerriiit me. lint I eoiilil
lake nothing but a pear and a little wine; the rest wn«
eaten by the roblsjrs. 'i'hey lisik the money willimil
eoimliiig, and gave the niessengi rs some silver fiir lliiir
pains; ufter wliieli Ihey permitted me to depart. Ami
llnis 1 found myself free from them, after having thanknl
them for their riri/ify and for my life, wliieli Ihey luiil
Ihe KmdniKH tn iiiiini: ( hi my way lioineward, the t«o
men of Caslcl-.Madnnni inliirmcd me, lliat the prisiuiir
from Sun tiregorio, who wiis sent the day iK'fiire, Willi
the first letter lo Castel- Madanm lor money, and wlio
hud not been seen siiiee, had really U'en there, and hail
gone hack the saiiie day, ut Ihe hour and to the place ii|i'
• li will lu' iniii'UilMrMl li'KMlin lialimis ininii ilino liy ivM'iiK
fMiii h iiirj In III.' ,1 IV TlwllnilliiHir, or unoocliick, bilau nln Ji"
nns huui iflir •iintot.
y.
piiiiteil, with
(Tiiiviis, sent fl
Inru'iill'ii '" '^
oil, Imimiisc w
reliinii'd lo to
Ijil iiiglil, earr
had ken kilh
|» Uiiii to feur
ilreil dollars hi
ami half by T
» lure all the
jiiilc before 1
l»Mpli', of all r
I arrived at ho
ci
siicli public
rii'ver before !
S|jrrl.ielu! I I
(iiiisliiii orileri
III llie parish
ll.iekcil Ihilliei
lli.iiik* In the
.S.iiiil .Michael
|iriu:>t had dune
liiri', mid .sooi
iMniis. Until
ill that very eh
Ihc Lord, lo gn
wards lo show,
till' I pichof tlii
liy me. I slia
\i>ili'ii inu ss a
liaiiil seenicd lo
Tivoli, ind llie
llie very pnores
^jrKids, in so slio
i!iy sake, 'i'he
vvjiat gratiliide
Cirlniii and Ci
n| '■nnrss of Iiea
iinw pray (Jod I
enliseipienei'S wl
fnrlinie.s."
Siieli is the nn
it ronveys siriki
impresses the in
alily, hin laiiily,
saiiiry and lliese|
of vice and virli
pirliaps no whir
.-mill ulVeeliiins
^nivvlh of crime
The stories lol
nriiriii and initial
linn III ill the extl
ilelili'd for so in.'ii
liiriiishes the Ibl
llii' whole.
" .\ man who
Ih iiig afraid of tl
llii' Cli.ireh, to C(
Isini; iliiproviiled
iiii|insoiii'il; but
J'lliii Ihe llaplisi,
iv.iiiileriiig a mo
tin; Imndilti, who
iiiiiliiiig loth, eon:
gave him a piece
liiiii il was purl ii
I'l'-ii I wo hearts,'
II :' lie had Iheii
lii'Hiiii; vviMid, dri
iii.il nlliees; hut,
parly among lliei
lint a prohalioi
pivl nil human In
I '-'I, when I was
nl' Tauliacozzi, ai
mill slates. Tin
I* asaiit of Ihe co
I villi to rather a
.\ young man,
nil the violent deu
I", aspired lo he
I'nlle lliroligh his
Iniili eiiiiniiig and
llii' Hiipreiiiuey ol
''Hills, and Ihe si
"I" I iaily cnrefiil a
II' Miiii.l be the Rl
■iinliiiinin rnndidi
lia^dlUl lirouf of
NEAPOLITAN AND RU9IAN BRIOAMM.
hifli, liowiM.r,
arilH wi' wcri'
If now on till'
', not rrry IW
lu. Tlirn He
imt of till! «iiy
tllllt WC llli(;lit
8oon rt'tiiriiccl.
ifSoniiinn, nuil
lie |ircsi<JiiU uf
nature of (Ih ir
mid never »iii.
they arc iiol .1
It rulliir liiriln
rockf, witliiiut
isfortune, xcvin
to rcpluce (hiir
to lake refnci'
till! nuuibrr ol'
1 liundreil and
I idea of uncli r-
'ralening Knnii'
inly way to piii
! to (jivc tlum
limitation, tliat
without fear (if
lot trust to, iinr
waB the lea.Miii
thin;; with the
lein. As it was,
t nothing hut ;\
of the hrii;iiiiils
go' rrninenl llic
f I'iuint Mirliurl
|ii.tieiiee, Siuiinr
e. took you ; ht
ccordinjr to mir
that very tiiia.'
ind ; and just lir.
jrson coniiiieiily
r I''ili|)|Mi(iaznni,
ly did not kmiH
< walking nlnu^t
imiod hoy, wlm
liit tlioir fmjjiTs
let liiin ili|>, I'nr
Ihiiii under thrif
id all this liuil
iiliid \nt> liirk,
e of <io(l.'
I me, and tolil
to |iri>enlH'
ler, the Kiiiii'
ine that tin
lltniiil thill III'
. lie Hiiiil, if
1 gave it liiiii
my shoulili i>.
mid the eliiif,
eiily i»'eloek.*
d liini III L'li
105
K^
to
Id
ring the iiiirlil,
laek willi llie
ma. In that
laek to the.|iliiu;
inio lie ordrrid
lot eiiine tlicii,
yed, and, allrr
with the iniiii.
Hint with liiiii.
ket.t of iiioiii y,
rowns. 'I'liry
leii, which till'
natter for iiu'
Hut I eoiilil
the rest win
iiiiney uilliinil
hiUer for lliiir
o de|iart, Ami
avingthanki'il
iiii'li they liml
ewiiril, the two
III the |irisniiir
ay iR'tiire, Willi
iliey, and wlm
there, and lind
111 the pluiT «|i-
It mill' liy IVlrllll
liick.bclntj nln.v
among his coiii|Mnioii.s proiiiwed lie should go to his na-
tive village and murder a young girl to wlioni he had
lieeii foriiiirly attached.
" I will do it," said tlic rulTian, who at once departed
on lii.s infernal iiiiHsion.
Wiieii he reaehed the village, lie dared not present
himself, having lieguii his eriiiies there hy iiiiirderiiig a
I'oinraile : he skulked behind an old stone louiitain, out-
side of till! village, until near sunset, when the women
eaiiie forth with tlieir eop|K'r vaw-s on their heads to get
liieir snpplioB of water ut the fountain. Ili.s mistress
eaiiie carelessly gossiping with the rest. He eoiild have
shot her with his ritle, but he was afraid ui' pursuit, and
wanted, hesiiles, lime to seeure and carry olf a bloody
trophy. He tlieieliire remained ijiiiet, only hoping lli.it
she might loiter behind the rest. She, however, was one
of tlie first to biilunee her >'esscl of water on her head,
and to take the path to the village, vvhither all the gossips
soon followi.d her. What was now to be done ! H(! was
determiiii d to go through the ordeal and eoiisumniiite tin
lii'Uish eriiiie. A cliihi went by the fountain wlii.-lliiig.
He laid down his ritle, so as not to alarm the little villa-
ger, and prcseiiliiig himself to him, gave him the reliquary
he had worn round his 1 eck tiir years, and which was
well known to his mistress, and told him to run with it
to her, and tell her an old friend desired to s|>eak with
her at the fountain. The child look the reliquary, and a
piece of silver which the rohlHr gave him on his vowing
by the iMndomiu to say nothing about the iiiatti r in the
village beliire one hour of the night, and ran on to the
village. The robber then retired behind the old loiintain,
taking his rille in his hand, and keeping a sharp look
out, lest his mistress should betray him, or not come
alone.
Ihit the alfeclionate girl, who might have loved him
still ill spite of his guilt, who might have ho|Kd to render
liiiii succour on some urgent need, or, |H'rhaps, to hear
that he was penitent and an.xious to return to swiety,
went alone and met him at tlie liiiintain, where, as the
bells of the village ehiirch were tolling the Ave Maria,
her lover met her, and stablM d her to the heart 1 The
monsler then eul otV her head, and ran away with it to
join the brigands, who were obliged to own, that aller
such a deed and such n proof as lie produced, he was
worthy to be tlieir chief.
NIUrtUJTAN AND UOMA.V HRKiANDS.
su.vimv AM'.cnoi'KS, I'ACKriois and sKiiioes.
Many of the stories of the Itonian and Neapolitan
ImndiUi are far from being of so tnigieal a nature as
those 1 have related. On the contniry, a jest book iniglil
be tilled with very fiimiy stories regiiriliiig tliem. 'I'lie
brigands were orten facetious and full of frolicsome
tricks, ut the not very serious expense of those they
waylaid, while t^t limes they were the butts and victims
to those who fell in with them.
As Lady 11 was travelling from Uoine to Naples,
with rather a numerous suite, she " fell uiiiong thieves."
The robbers had 11 tolerable good booty, but there was
one excellent laugh against them. Her ladyship's iiiedi-
eal utteiidant had n large medicine chest in the carriage ;
this was iniinediately broken o|)oii by the robliers, who
thought the neat and strong niahogiuiy ease must con-
tain jewels or other valuables. They vviTc di»np|Kiinled,
and Hoinewliat pu7.'/.lcd, when they t'ound a niiinher ol
squill e crystal iKittles, vte. Two of the robUrs took
out each one of these bottles, whose nicdienl contents
were liipiid and bright — the one like rosolio, the other
like inariisehinu di /ara. The two robbers concluded nt
once they were nolhiiig else than these favourite liqueurs,
or some foreign cordial of u similar nature and excel-
li'iiei' ; and anxious tor the first dnuighl, each put his
bottle to Ills nioiilh, anil did not wilhdraw it until he
had taken a hearty swig. Then, indeed, the iKillbs
were willidi'Hwn, and dashed, with horrible curses to the
earth ; and the two rogues, with terror in their coiinte-
iiunees, threw thcmselvm on the iloctor, in the same
breath, llirialeiiing In kill him, and begging to know
wlietler liny were pnisoned, and he eoiild cure them 1
The worthy practitioner, who was nn Irishman, and as
siii'li liind of a joke, would have had here n gniHl oppor-
tiniily of indulging in one, hy making the tremlilinir
li'llows IhUi'Vc liir awhile that they had swaUowed some
iiiferniil poison, worse than tin wri/i/d (n/iAdnn ; but ini-
diT eirciimntaiiees, and in tlii' presence of nrnied Imii-
dilti, he tlioiiglit it more prudent In tell them (hat (hey
had only swallowed a little niedieine, which roiild do
(hem no liuriii, however badly it mi'^lit taste; and In re-
II liiiluil, with tliu »u:n of one hiindred and thirty-seven
cpivviis, si;iit from ('ustel-.Madaina ; but the robliers having
fofiilli 11 to Hind any one to meet him nt the place agreed
on Ih'i.'.iiisc wo were a great way from it, the messenger
ri I'linied to town willi the inoury, at\cr having wailed
lill night, carrying hack the iiitelligunee that the factor
hall Ik'i'Ii killed, which alarined all uiy townsnieii, who
In '"an to fear for iiiy lite. 1 foniid that the last six liun-
ilrril dnilars had bicn furnished, half by ('aslcl-Madaina,
:inil half by Tivoli. I went on towards CisUl-.VIiiduma,
(vhire all the people anxiously exjieeted inc. In tliet, 11
mill' before I reaehed the town, 1 found a number of
iii'iiiili', of all ranks, who had come out to meet iiie, and
I arrived at home a little liefore night, in the midst of
fiiili public congratulations and acelamulions as were
iii'vir before licard, which presented a most affecting
s|,. iliclo I 1 had hardly arrived when the .Vrcli-I'riest
(liiistiiii ordered the bells to 1k' rung, to call the |Kople
tii Ihe parish ehiireli. On the first sound, all the |ieo|)le
ll..iKud Ihillicr with me, to render public and devout
Ihaiili' (o the most mercil'ul (iod und to our protector
Siiiil Michael the archangel, for my delivcranee. 'i'he
priuat had done the snniu when ho tirst heard of my cap-
lure, mid soon atUr, when he sent the six hundred
r'liwiis. Hotli limes he had asscinldcil his congregation
III that very cliureh, to offer up public supplications to
Ihc l.oril, III grant iiie that mercy which hcdeigneil ailer-
wiirils to show. 1 eaniiol eoiichide withoiil saying, that
Ihi' I'piehof this my misfortune will Ix; ever reniemls'rid
hv III!'. I shall always recollect that the liord (Jml
\Uili'il mc as a father; for, at tlio moment when lii-
Imiiil sipiiicd to Ik! he.-ivy upon me, he moved the city 1
'liviili, iiid the whole ]H"ople of I'astel-Madania, eve
llii' very poorest, to siibserilK' their inonry, and sell their
L'iKiils, in .so short R time, and with such profusion for
i!iv sake. The same epoch will also ulw.iys remind me
wiiiil ffrntilnrte I owe to those, particiilirly the Signnrs
Cirliiiii and Celcstini, both Konians, who with such
ii| ■iincss of heart exerted themselves in my favour. I
iimv pray (iod that he will preservo me from all the bad
euiisi'ipieuces which coinmuuly arise out uf similar mis.
liiilinii's."
Siiili Is the narrative of Signor f'lioriihini, which, while
jl roiiveys striking pictures of crime and a lawless life,
iiii|iri'sses Ihe iiiiiid also with liiiicliing trails of piiiietu-
iililv, hm lanily, and generosity 011 the (mrt of tlie |Ha.
hiiilry nnd tlii'se |s)or Italians generally. The contrast
nl'\iie and virtue, nt" feroeily and kiiul-heartcdiiess, is
|ii rliiips no where mure evident than ill Italy, where the
Mil ill alVielions flourish in the inidst of the hardiest
(.Tiiwlh of crime nnd cruelty.
The sloiies told and believed hy the iieasniilry, of the
iiriiiiii and initiation of most of the principal oiillaws, are
Inn I III ill the extreme. Mrs. (iraliain, to whom I am iii-
il.litcil lor so iiiiiny interesting and c:haraeterislie details,
ruriiislies the following, as " a pretty liiir B|K'cimen" of
till' wlliile.
" .\ man vnIio had nceidentally cmnniitted homicide,
Ih iiig afraid of the consequences, lied from the Stales of
llir I'li.ireh, to Conca, ill the kingibim of Naples. There,
l» ill'.' unprovided with a passport, he was taken up and
iiii|irisoiieil; but ' by the (iraee of the Virgin and Saint
Jiliii the lluplisl,' he escii|H-d to the woods: there, atU'r
ivnnilering n month, and b<'iug nlniost starved, he met
ilii: hiinditti, who inviU'd him to join them. To this he,
iiiilliiiig lolli, consented, when, to try his manhoiHl, they
L'nve him a piece of liunian flesh roasted to eat, (elling
him il was part of a Clirislian's heart ! ' It iiiighl liavi
1" in two hearts,' said the rnllian, ' hut 1 woidd have eaten
it!' He had then to |H.!rforiu n noviciate of (wo years
hi'iviiiL' wimmI, drawing water, nnd (lerforming other me
iii.il nllii'i's ; but, a year ago, he figured us the chief of a
|Mriy niiiong tliein."
Milt a prohalion iiilinitely more n(r(H'ioUH (ban this re
|iisl nn human heiirls, was related to myself in the year
h'.'l.when I was trnvelling in the ,\hru/.'/.i near the pass
III' 'l'ii;;liacoi'/.i, and not far from the frontier of (he Ko.
iiiiiii sillies. The story was local, but my narrator, a
|« isaiil of the I'oinitry, and thin my guide, rclerred tin
I Mill III rather a distant |M-riod of lime,
.\ yimiig man, who had been several yenri4 nn outlaw,
ell till' violent death of the chief of the troop he Is'longed
III, uspired to he ('a|Hi.bandilo, in his Mead, lie had
irmii' lliioiigh Ills noviciate willi honour, he hud shown
liiilli eiiiining and eimriige in his calling ns brigand, hut
till' siipri'iiiai'Y of the band was dispiiti'd with him by
ulliiTs, and llie sliili of the times bade the roblH'rs In
•jH riully careful as to whom they eh'cted for (heir leader,
lb 111111,1 be the strongest nerved (i Mow of (he se( 1 Tin
,iinliili<iii« randlibid' oft'ered (o giM' nny, even the inosljserve Ins hiiigli at tlirni (i>r taking his phynic fur •wuet
ilii'jillUI proof of his rtriiigth uf nerve, and 11 nninetcrlwntevs, till a mure cmivMiitnt opjiortundy.
In the iivxt little unecdote, another brigand of unolher
band cut a still more ridiculous figure. My friend Mr.
W , n inercliant of Naples, was travelling post with
a Swiss merehnnt, and iiad nearly reached the city of
Capua, which is only about fourteen miles from .Naples,
when his carriage was suddenly stop|H'd. It was night,
hula beautiful moon — the iiioon of Naples, which, 118
tlie willy .Marchese t'araceioli used to say, was worth a
London sun, illuminated the scene, and allowed W
to sec that there were only three or four brigands near
the couch, and that they hud not yet knocked the pos-
tilion off the horses. \\ took his measures accord-
ingly willi great presence of mind and bolilncs.s. As
the t'oreniost brigand came to the siih' of Ihe carriage,
within reach, bawling and eiirsing for those within to
come out and be robbed, he caught hold of the rnHian
by the breasts of his jacket, and called out to Ihe postilion
to gallop otV liir t'apua, where he should be well reward-
ed. The postilion, who had known him before on the
road, took \V ut his word, and, with u boldness
rurcly found in his class, whipind liis horses, that went
off, (as NeapoliUin horses generally will do,') " an end."
As the poslllioii's whip tnui lied the wilhersof his steeds,
a biilkl wlii'/'/.eil past his head, lint nii>.seil its uiiii.
Away then went the carriage and the merihants and the
rohlur as swift as the old witches in (Iiietlic's Kaiistus;
W , who was n robust man, keeping a firm hold of
the robber, who dangled — his bend and shoulders in,
and the rest of his body out.side of the vehicle, — like u
lamb or u calf over n butcher's cart. W 's compa-
nion occasionally assisted him. Allcr nniiierous but vain
struggles to extricate himself I'roni their grasp, the cap-
tured brigand, whose legs were bruised in Ihe crudest
manner against the rapid carriage wheels, and his breath
almost hiimped out of his body, prolesled il was all a mis-
take, and begged most pileuiisly to be released. The
mereliants, however, kept the pri/.e they had made ill so
curious a manner, and soon arrived at Capua. This
being u fortified town, mo.st awkwardly fiir travellers,
placed on the high road, they had to wait some time un-
til u lethr was sent to (he conimandind, and permission
obtained to admit them. When the drawbridge was
lowered, (hey rolled over il, with the robber still dangling
at the coachside, and delivered him at the giiard-hiiiise.
The next morning the mercliaiils appeared liel'ore the
jiistiic of peace, and uller their depositions bad been r»-
ceived, the brigand was given over to the civil authori-
ties, and cast into prison, win re he lay for many montliH,
widioiK being broiiglit (o jiidgnicn(. Wlia( liiially lic-
euiiie of him I know not ; but I remember very well,
that my friend W , though he was rallier proud of
Ihe novel expUiit, had so miieli trnuble ill eonseipieiice of
il, and the somewhat pcciil ar course of Neapolitan jus-
tice, that lie used ofUn to wish lie bad lct\ the fellow in
the road.
The next of my concliiding nneedides of Italian ban-
ditti on whieli 1 lay my hand, is of n more tragical na-
ture, " In the month of .Murch I817,"» says n popular
author of travels, " 1 was out with one of my friends on
u shooting parly near Aquila, when I heard tlie farmers
talking ol' robberies without niiniber eommitled by (he
troop of T/ii: titdejieiiiltnce. There was inucli talent,
and a Turkish bravery, shown in the manner in which
they were achieved. 1 paid little nttention to all thin;
robberies in these parts are so common ; I was all eyes
to ohscrvc thn manners of the people. 1 gnve some
money tn n piMir woman who was with child, and who,
1 vvns told, wn» n soldier's widow, wlieii one said to me;
" till, sir, she is not (0 be pitied, she has the ration of
the bandilli," nnd they went on to give inc the following
detail ; —
" ' Till re is in tills Country n company of thirty men
and four woincu, all mounted in n sn|M'rior iiianner on
blood horses, 'i'his band i uUs itself the troop of TIik
IntleprmUnte ; its iJiiof is n Yornicr MarrchaUtU-l^onid
of king .lonchim.t He orders such n lan<lloril, or such
u farmer, to |iut such a sum of money, on such n day,
at the foot of such u tree; if not, he himself will 1hi
inurderi'd and his house set on lire. When this (rimp
are on (he march, they send orders the day before to nil
the farmers on their route, to have u repast ready nt such
an hour, for so inuny ix'rsons, (he besl dial (heir meaiiN
will nfliird. This service is more regularly performed
(Imn (he provision for (he royul househohl in i(s progress
(hrougli (he country,'
" Almid u month In-forc I received lliiB ditnil, a far-
mer, Isiiig piqued at the iinperioiis manner in which
, Nnplm. mill Flnniirr In |SI7, liy in nrtlilniit niliia)
Hn i<tcnilhiil. Tim nuihnr'i icnl nniiir li Unj'itt,
v; vp! y.-rh'
S';
K
%
i,»
•,.^
.iL.
lOfi
MVRSOF DANIMTrl AND ROIlIIKItS.
I: *^tf-
r
tlir repast «:is ordered, miiI iiillirniiitinii of it to llie
pnienil, .Miicl llie hiilritfiiilrutu weri' surrdimdeil liy n nil.
iiierons liniicl ii( iiitijiilry mid r.iviili y ; lliey iLiiijIit llieir
w:iy lliiiiiiL'li, iiiveriiiir the uniiiiid « itii tlie ileiid lindies
ol' Ihe siililiers, while init iiiie of their nwii party I'ell.
Learning' the Ireaehiiv of the tliriiiir, they s< lit iiotiee Id
him to sellie Ills atlairs. 'J'hree days nt'lerwards they
took |H>ssessiuti ol' the lariii, when* they instituted a tri-
hiiiial, and the rarnier Uiii^r put to the torture, eonlessed
every tliiiij;. Afler delilH'ratin^ todelher nwhile in se-
cret, they approinlied the unhappy tanner, and threw
liini into a larixe eaiiidrim wlii<'h was u|kiii the fire, tiill
of milk liir mikin^r ilii-ese. When he jiad hoiled there
for some time, they t'oreod all the servants to eat of this
infernal liaiii|uet.
" 'I'lie ehief could easily inerrase liis troop to a thon-
oand men ; Iml lie says thai his talents for eoiiiniand
will iiol tro iMyoiid a hand of thirty, ami he restrains
liiiiisi;irio ker|iiiiir up this iiiiinher. lie rici ives daily
applieali<iii> thim piopli' to he rrei'ived into the hand;
hul he rei|iiin's a title, thai is, wounds reeeived in the
field of liatlle, not eerlilieates ^'iveii from eomplaisance :
— Ihese are his very words.
" This spring, the peasants of these parts sntlered very
innuh from seari'ily. 'I'he chief of the Independents
distrihuli il amom; the siitlerers tickets upon tlii' rich.
The ralioiis were a |ioiiii(l and a half of hread for a
iiiiin, a pound tor a woman, and t,vo pounds lor a woman
with 1 hild. The wouiaii who i.xeiled my curiosity, had
for a month reeeivnl six of these tickets in the week for
Iwf) pounds of hreail eacli. I''or the rest, no one (*vcr
knows where the hand are to he tiiund,lliey (jct all the
xpicson llieir side. In the lime of llii' Uouians this chief
of liaiidilli would have liceii a .M.irci llns."
'i'honu'h till re is a little i'\ii':.'er;;ti:in ill Ihi-i aeconni,
tlio main points are ; orr'il, iiion partieiilarly that which
rcjrards llic roliher's provident care ot'lhe poor.
" I have done more acts of charity," said one of these
briiranils, win ii he iMI into the hands of the law, " than
nny llin e <'oiiveiits in these proviiK'es 1" -Viid so, per.
Iiaps, he hall, and at as little cost to hiniself as the
monks, who U •_' Iheinsilves (as he had stolen) from
others, what they live upon and jfive to lK';ri;ars.
Thoii^'h tlir " liiili pciidinli" may have heen averse
to increase their hand with men, they seem to have liecii
nn.xioiis to recruit it uith woiueii, for at the end fit'lHlT,
aH 1 was crossing the raiii^e of nioiiiitains aliovc Sora,
that separates the (Jariijliaiio tioni the lake of t'elano,
in the .\hni/./.i, I heard the (ollowinir eviiil, at a little
village where 1 slopped to refresh myself.
A prtttv (.'irl of the plii-e, hetrolhed to n rcs|M'ttal)lc
yoiiiur finiicr, was carried otf hy the rohhers as she was
(Toinir with an old Ii male relative to early inorniu!,' mass
lit a chapel on the skirls of the village. The alarm was
iiislanllv spreid, and a pursuit iiuderlaki'ii hy all tin
fair captive's nlalives and friends, with \\iv aironised
lover at their heail. Allcr seoiirin;; the coniilry liir
M'veral hours, without findiii!; any trace of the hriirands,
inanv of the pnrsiiiiii.' party, ihroiiL'h fitiirnc and dread
iif uilvaneiiur firlher into the mountains towards the
place when' they had reason to apprehend the hand was
collccteil ill liirei , liniiir hack, anil talked of returiiini;
llomc. The desperate lover would not paiisp a inoinenl,
but still linrriid lorward Willi a liraver or more deeply
interested (rw. Hut even these {\w, one hy one, aliaii-
thitied, what si eiiied so hopeless or desperate a chase, or,
unahlc to krep up with the siM'cd of the active, yoiniir
lover, followi il him Iremhliii^' and panting, at a distance.
lie was aloiK', and far a-heail of them, w.'ieii he heard
B shriek. Klyinif in the direelion of the sound, he soon
eaiiie to a wooileil hollow, where he saw throiifrh the
lioles of the (ices his alliaiiced slruiiyling in the arms ol'
a desperate-looking rntliaii. Such a iiioment, to a hold
yoiiiig lover, was not a nionienl liir hesitation or caleiila-
iion, — he glided IhrouL'h the Ini's, and hel'ore tin' rohlii'r
could sei/.e Ins carliine, which lay only a li'W li'cl from
till' spot where his struggling victim hadilragi;ed him —
almost heliire the rnhUr could draw his dagger, he ran
Ills sword home to his heart. The released girl threw
lierscif into her lover's iirnis; lint there was yet work to
do ere he ciinlil resign himself to his Iraiisporls, j\ >»-
roiid lirigand, who had hceii slalioni d al the edge of the
wood to keep watch, heard the shout of the lover as lie
made the assault, and the curHC of his eoiiirade or supe-
rior as he fi II iHiiealh il, and now rushed to thii spot,
with thai lirigand yell which the piwir pcasanliy so inneli
dread. The young man, with his weeping laistress ilill
hanging on his iie''k,ilrew iK'hind a tree — he had the ad-
yaiilage of a trilling ele\alioii in his lliMiiir, and as llie
rolilier had his last step on lliis, and came close to liiiii,
III' Hudileii!y tinned ruuiid the tree, put liis litut on the
I'alleii riilKaii, who still inuriniircil in his throat, and with
a pistol, shot the second villain through the lioily. Sup-
porting and caressing the dear girl his valour had so op-
l>orliiiiely lihcratcd, he then iiiaile all the haste ho ceiild
out of the hollow, and soon came in sight of llie ti'W
friends who had foUowed him thus fnr, and of whom
some had heen hronglit to a stand still, and others put
to a retrograde flight hy the ro|iort of his pistnl in the
wood. The iiiipx|iectcd sight, mid the triiun)iliant shouts
of the lover, with hi.s recovered alliaiiced one, hronglit
tliciii, however, K|H-cilily together, and they returned to
the village, willi more joy than they hoped for when
they set out from it on their pursuit.
'I'lie hand of the" Inde|iendeiiti" was destroyed a few
months after this event.
One of the holdest deeds of resistance to tlie hrigands
was pcrtiirnicd hy a m.-ijor on Mural's stafl", a native of
one of the (Icrmali canlonH of Swil/.erlaiMl. His name
was Vnllf. This ofliccr was travelling post from Naples
to IJome with ilespatehes, in a little, low, open caliche ;
he had not even a servant with him. In the i'outine
Marshes he was slopped hy six sturdy and well ariucil
brigands, Ivxpecliiig no resislaiii'C from a single man,
the rohlicrs sloriil hy the door of the carriage uttering
Iremendoiis curses and comiiiaiiding him lo descend.
This he preseiilly did ; hut as he left his seat he grasped
a ready brace of pistols, and crossed his arms nnilcr his
military cloak ; and ^s he lonchcd the ground he pressed
a trigger on cither side of him, and two of the brigands,
who were almu.st in contact with his person, fell dead
hy the carriage. His sabre was as ready as his pistols
— with it he elell the head of one robber who fell, and
wounded another, who llieii, with his two nnlinrt bill
lerrilied eompaiiioiis, took lo tliglit, and left the ollicer
ninsler of the lielil.
The imluckiist thing tile NeaiHililan am) IJoinan ban.
ililli about the frontiers did in my time was to take an
Austrian lolniiel, on the stati' of (General Frlmnnt, thfii
eoniuianiler in chief at Naples. They carried this ollicer
lo the niounlaius, where they kept him many days,
which I have heard him dcseiilH- as days of continual
alarm and horror, and al last procured a good ransom
for him. Ihil a dreadful vengeanee liillowcd close on
this coinpliancc, which had been iiecessitatcd by ennsi-
dcMlion liir the sallly of the colonel, whom the rntlians
would most assuredly have nnirdered, had Ihe ransom
not Ihcii paid, did Krimoiit sent nearly his whole Ibree
of jagers, or light triMips, against them. iMcasiircs were
concerted with the papal goMrnnient. 'I'lic .Anslrians
were allowed free ingress into the Uoinan states ; and
they hiinled the brigands in the mnnntains troni place
to place, with a most |)ersevering activity. 'I'he sliep-
lierils and other peasants were seized, and forced to act
as guides. The enraged Aiistrians were not restrained
!iy many scruples. W liercMr they found men with
arms, they shot them: ill some instances they liiimcd
down whole villages. The wives of the brigands, ill the
course of these tragical visitations, in several instances
displayed a heroism worthy of aneienl Konian matrons,
and the soldiery were obliged to deal with llieiii as
though tlicy had been men. All ollicer of jagers with
whom I was aci|ur,iiileil, was shot in Ihe shoulder, from
behind a rock, by one of these heroines, who, when
made prisoner, and thrcatcncil with instant death unless
she showed the track of the brigands, clciiclicd her list,
and said, looking al the rock from which they had
dragged her, " I nhapliscd dogs that ye are 1 you may
as well iillempt to make those stones speak, as lo make
me divulge where are my husband, my hriilhcr, and my
friends!" And even when the jagers bvellid their
rilles and put their lingers to the trigger, not a word
could they force from the woman, who niiittercd some-
thing to herself, as tliongh a prayer to the .Madonnn, or
her gnai'dian saint.
'I'licre is \cty liltle doubt that the AiiHtrinnH hIuiI ninny
a poor nioiiiitamecr thai was no robber, but they cer-
tainly siiecei lied in pulling down the banditti, who froiii
till I time (in If-XM) never recovered their liirnii r import,
anee and audacity, until the recent political tronldcs in
lioiiiagiia.
The Aiihlrians did not, however, achlrve this willinul
trenicndous suireriiigH and losses. I'rimont thought pro-
per to keep forces in Ihe lawless country lie hall purged.
Those in the moiintaiiis tiircd pretty well, hul the ranks
of the poor jagers in the valley nf the liarigliano, and in
other low, iiiarsliy places, where they were slalioned
nearly a whole smniiier, were awfully thinned by mala-
ria Ii vers of peculiar malignily. I had myself seen some
lime heliire, ill the Abrii/./i, a line battalion of this Iriily
excellent branch of Hie Austrian army; it was eompoKcd
alinosi entirely ofUohciniuns, young and florid men. I
met the same battalion at the end of this year, and found
one half of it dead or in the hospital! 1 enquired qDit
three of Ihe olliccrs to whom I had U'cn indeblcd for
iiiucli civility while travelling, and was told that one nf
them, a Iiobie yiaiiig lillow of three or four and twenlv,
bad bit his Ihiiics by Ihe banks of the <iariglinnn, the
other two were gone to the hospital at Naples. 'J'liis in
soiiielbing nuieli worse than dying in the " deadly
breach," or on the field of battle, where, at least, (if Ihcy
do not mis-spell our names!) we may have the honour ijl'
ornamentiiig a gazette ol" victory or glory!
It was about this time, that I, who had twice gnnr
safely through the pass nf I!oviiio, even when those Cn.
rypliei of banditti, the Vardarelli, were al the plcnituilo
of their |iower, and who for seven years (in which 1 bv
no means led a sedenlary or fixed lili') had always is.
capcil falling into the hands of a res|Mctalile band of bri.
gauds, fell unlnekily under Hie clutches of a eoiileiii|itililc
gang of novices and bunglers.
.My friend, the I'riucc IVI , among other nie.
rilorious exertions to improve his estates, had uiiiIit-
takcn to drain an imniense extent of land he held iK'twcen
the mouth nf the river Voltnrno and Ihe lake of I'atriii —
an enterprise in wliieli,to the disgrace of his wealthy but
unenlcrprisiiig relations, and of tlie imbecile gnvernnirni
of the time, which, instead of encouraging, thwarted hiiii.
he was lell to fail and to ruin his fiirtnne. The plan'
was oi'!y some fifteen miles from the capital, and wliilM
the hnjoiirs of digging canals and making cinliankniciiu
were in liill activity, the prince was accustomed to fo
down three or four times in the week, carrying niomv
on the Saturday lo pay the labourers. I accompaniul
him very freipicntly. It was imprudent, no doubt, but
lliongli the prince had a good nuinhcr of armed guarili.
iiiii in his seri ice, we always went without an escort ami
freipicntly without arms. (Inr road, afler leaving the
town of IVi'/./uoli, was chiefly through a solitary and
wild country that bore rather a had eharjcter; but im
roblHries had been heard of for a long time, and from
the constant employnieiit be gave to so many of Ilit
neighhouiing peasantry, my fruiid iiiighl deem liinisclf
a popular characlcr. In short, we had tifiy times niailc
the journey, and with good sums of money, without nay,
iiuiueuis rincuiitir, ami thought we never should micl
any, when early one fine spring inorniiig, as \\c were
driving in a little Jriisky, over a rough and narrow road
that ran through fields of lupins, which in that climate
grow lo the height of six or seven feet, I was cut slioti
in a story I was telling, by having a long gun put to iny
breast hy a fellow who had been eoiieealcd in tlie lupin-
field. At the same instant my friend received the same
eoniplinicnf, and our driver, a boy of fiiurlcen or fifteen,
who was riding in posliHiuii,\\'ati knocked olF his horse.
We had each a pistol and no more in the carriage, and
these we bad to draw from under the apron. I\ly Irii iid
iiioved bis arm to calcli his, — I was disengaging my arm
from my cloak to do the same, when with the eye of a
military man he glanced at the flUows' guns, wliirli
almost toneheil our breasts, and saw they were full
cocked, 'i'licre was no chance — we had to draw our
pistols from the poikcts of the carriage and lo cuek
them — and the robbers were swearing they would tire
into our hearts, if we did not put our hands out of the
carriage and instantly descend. Had we hesitated, nf a.
certainty they would have shot us both from very fear,
for as we afterwards barm d they knew very well llicl
the prince had pistol.^ with him, and only a few days In.
fore we bad been amnsiug onriielves en the estate hy
tiring at a marl;, when he, as a good shot, rather siir-
pri.<i d the counlry jicopb-, from whom the rogues had in
all probaliilily heard of his address. Whatever I nii^dil
have done, he would not have missed bis aim at twenty
paces — but they weie only their iiiuskclH' leiiglh frmu
us. .As it was, however, our ease was liopeksK, and liid-
diiig llie in lOnglish, which he spoke very well, step mil
of Ihe carriage, and say iiolhiiig lo the riiflians, he askid
llieiii what Ihcy would of him. " Your money, yon mli-
her! you infiiinuns assassin!" was llic reply of flu '^f
lionesl nun, who indeed kept up their courage, nil llii'
lime they were with us nnil robbing us, hy calling ii.<
these names and others, which those who knew Ihe low
Neapnliiiins may limey, hul which I may not repeal,
" Take il," said the prince, |Hiinling to Ihe eaiivavn
hugs that lay at his feet, "Take il, and go lo the ilevill"
He was a fine, athlelic, eommanding figure of n iiiiin,
and well known lo be a hra\e one — even Ilieii, conipli lib
in their |)owir as be was, they were afraid to appnunii
liiin to take the money, and iiisi.'led, w ilh Ihe most linr-
rilile oatli^, that he should descend, or Ihcy would lire
upon him. The lillow who seemed to lio Iho leader of
■;
5
I
w
SUIMAN nilHMNI)'<.
107
:■ W'^'M
yrar, luiil tbuiid
i'iii|iiircil aflcr
en imli'bUd lor
old tlml one of ^'
(iiir ami twi'iily, f:
(iaiiRlinno, the j-
>'a|)lc8. 'I'liis is !
in till' " deadly
at Icnpt, (il'lliiy
ve tilt- honour of
littd twice gnnr
wlu-n tliosc ('".
lit fill- |ilciiitmlo
: (in wliicli 1 by
had always is.
aliU" hand ol'liri.
of a conti'ni]itil)lc
anion); ollior ini'-
iti's, had iniiliT-
I he hrld iRtwiin
•■ hilie ot' I'atria—
)f his wealthy but
iccile povi-rinnoiil
nir, thwarted him,
Inne. The plaic
apital, and wliilsl
in); cnibnnknicnUi
iccustonied to jjo
carryiii); Minmy
I acciinipnniul
nl, no diiuhl, but
jf armed ^uarili.
tout an eseort and
after leavin); the
rli n solitary and
iiharjeter ; hut im
jT time, and from
I Ko many of the
ipht iliini hiniM'lf
il filly times riimlc
oney, without any,
lever should inicl
niiij;, as \ic were
and narrow road
ell in that climate
t, I was cut slioit
lUg j;un put to my
■aU'd in tlie lujiin-
received the same
ourteen or fiftecii,
[ked olf his horse.
the carria);e, and
pron. My frii nd
•i'n);a);in); my arm
with llic eye of a
iw.s' guns, wliiili
Iv lliey were full
ad to draw imr
lin);e and to lotk
lliey would lire
hands out of the
tve hehitated, of i,
1 from very far,
\v very well lliid
ly a few days 1» .
liii till' ehlale I')'
shot, rather siir-
jtlie ro);u< s hail in
lialiver I nii;:lil
liis aim at twiiilv
leln' liiifjlh frt'Ui
hiipeless, niul bill-
iry well, step nul
nillians, lie asKid
niimey, you nili.
r reply of lliesf
)■ loWTUpv, all llir
IS, liy ealliii;; u»
iio knew the low
iiy not repeal,
i; to the eaiiv;i»«
iro to the ilivill"
liL'ure of a iiian,
I hen, eoniplili'lv
[fraiil to ap|>r"i"li
Ih the most Imr-
|r they would lire
Ikj the leader oi
the niterprise, had his linger on his trijrger. 1, who was
siiiiiiliujr I'v ''"' '""'"' "'*'" "'"' "" "'■''.'• *^"" """ "^ '"y
liri'isl, "')"' llioiiulit '^ ''""-' '" ™.V' " '''"■ heaven's sake,
ciiiii' lii'wn." -^l.v fi'ii'U'l slep|H'd out of the earria(;e, anil
TiMin liilil I hem to lake the money and be oil', ilut now,
thoLit'li a iiiiviee in his piofessiim, one of the lobber.s, iii-
sislin" oil till! yi'iriu i" 'inn cereuionv, swore he woulil
slinol us mili'fs wo lay down willi our laeis to the );rouiiil.
This wo would not do. In the iie.Yt instant, tliu villain
hIio bad approached the rarriaee, cried " /■>« Ir /lU'liild
Here are the pistols — it's all li!;lil — never miinl iiowl"
nud tiliiiie <>"t the bruco, he threw away the priiiiin;;,
ami, afli r drafririnj; tiieiii, with their pans open, llir(i:i)ili
llii' »i'l grass, he then threw Ihciii into the bottom of the
carriiii;'', anJ drew out the money, which was contained
j„ nvn canvass hags.
All Ibo wliib' this was ix'rforiniug, the fellow who
siiinil guard over me, trembled willi auitalion : he shook,
inili 111, In siieli a degree, that knowing, as I wull iliil, the
era/v nature of u'mis of coiimiun iNiapnlitan iiianuliie.
Uivc] anil seeing his close to my body 'iiid ready to go
oil. I apjirebi nikil the bungler would slii«it nic willioul
iiiliiiiliiig il — nu'l once iiquesled lie woubl take il from
iiiv breast, as I was unarmed luui could iiiaku no re-
sisliiiie.
Wliiii llie inoiiey had been thrown in among tli.c tall
liiiiins, with H repelition of the pretty epilhi la lliey hail
nlrcaiU bmioured us with, lliey lilleil up the poor bin,
who w as almost dead with iilVrighl, from beliire the hordes'
lii'ails', and made us get into the carriage and dri\e on.
'I'liif swore they «oulil sliout us if we looked hack.
'I'liiii, buwiAer, we did when at u short ilistaiiee, and saw
tlu'in inouiit their horses, which had been concealed
I'roMi 111 ill llie thick high lupin-Held, and strike across
the ciiuulry.
Till' .sicne of the robliery was little more than a inili
friiiii llie estate, where IliP prime, at llie lime, hail sive
nil biiiulred ineii at woik, and lliilbir we now ilrove at a
(rilllop.
The loss hiiil been a heavy one — for ow iiig to bis not
baling made his p.iyitieiitslolhe laboiiri'rs the preeeiiing
Willi, loy I'rieiul bad three Ihoiisanil .\ea,iiilitaii ilueats,
or live hundred pounils, with him in the bags. 'I'lie rob-
btrs never touched our pi rsony, or said a word about our
delivering what wc liuil in our pockets. Had they doi
fo, 1 sbiiuld have lost only a tew dollars in silver and
wall li of slight value, but they would have limiid on the
|iriiii'i' ratine a heavy purse of gold and a very valuable
wateii.
We soon reached the estate, w here my friend, who had
represseil his morlihcatioii iiiiil niiger, gave them full
vi'lil, when a silly old man in his .service as a sort of fae-
|nr, n eouiinrniled, as the linst lliiiig I'ssential in such
ease, llial we should both get bled, to obviate the elfiels
resiilliiig f oni siulileu alarm. This is a common Niapi
litan praeliie, but, I believe, besides iny friend's burst el
race and eoulempt, I stormed at the old fool as well, for
|iropu~iiig il ill our ease. We were presently on horse-
liaek willi a feriniibible posse of uiKniliiiiii, Jiilltin, and
iiiiraiii. all mounted and well armed, and, dividing inti
ditliri Ml parlies, scoured the country in pursuit of the
rubbiTS.
Fiom llie solitude niid wildness of the eonnlry, which
lor the greater part is euvi red by imiilani or marshes,
lakes mill almost impenetrable woods, we had sliglil
liii|ii s, w ben we si t oiil, of catching tlieiii. Yet, from
llie sbortiiess of the lime that liiiil elapsed, and the speed
111 wbirb we roile, we were close upon them, and at one
time fnneled we should euteli them, for we fell in with a
jinor eld jieasiint woman who had just sieii four men
iliiiiiiiii; Iwo hags of money, which they were probably
doing Ibiis early liir the eoiivcnieiiee of carrying il — one
tliiJiisaiiil fue bmidred ducats, in silver, ill each bag, be-
in^ a good wci<ilit. lOiieoiiraueil by this informalion, we
),'iillii|ii'il on. >'^lnllrlillg as we wi re imder the recent unl-
r.iL'c, had we caught tin' rubbers, 1 am eoiilklenl we
slioiilil have taken pisliee into our own haiiilK and shot
llieiii, willioul walling for the liirily deeisiniis of the
eonils — liiil.alasl we were not so firlimale. We himleil,
inviiii, tliroiijjh n eoniplile liibyrinlh of eross-rouds or
r.illa I p.ilbs, beat several woods, anil Inlerroguled several
!lie|ibeiils, in vain, and were at last obliged to return to
iHir laiial iliirging and embnnkmenls, with our original
li*s— anil with our revenge migialilied.
Will II we reliiriieil to Nwplis that night, we had llie
iKiisol ilii'ii of hearing iVoin all the frienils we met, " I
liilil yiii so!— I knew how it would be! — 1 woiiiler ymi
liiiveii'l been both murdered long "go, going with money
lliriai;i|i tliiit ent-throat enuntryl" Some also talked
aboiii blieiliiig — but, In » metapliotieal sciibc, Hurcly my
I'm iid hid Imi n bled enough 1
When we had dined we went to the minisler of |Kilicc,
who was, where every Xeapolilan who can alforil il is at
Ibal tiiiii of Hie night, at t:ie (Iper.i. \S e wi lit there too.
llie next nioriiiiig, however, llie prime saw llie man in
: iilliority, wlio iii:;aged that iii tiling slioiilil be muleeli il
liir ll;e ilihilii.n anil iirrisl of the i.ll'eiiilers. \S e were
pri lly certain that these men were not regular ndiliers,
anil that they beliniged to the ininii diate ni iglib<iiirliooil
of the estate. We bad yet anullier clue — by a very ex-
Iraordiiiary eirenmslaiice, all the money was in two.car-
liii pieces (ill value al'ouleigl.t-penee e,ieh),anil by I racing
a suildcn iiilliix of this particular enin ill any of the liltle
towns or villages, a iliscovi-ry miglit In iiiaile.
'I'd be briel, in about a l'ortiii!;lit t'oiir men were arrest-
ed and thrown into the prison of the Viearia at .Naples.
Some six wicks aller llieir arrest, the prince, myself, anil
Hie boy who was driving ns, were smiinioniil lo Ibal pri-
son, and iiskeii if wi' coiilil reeogiii.-e liie men if ti.ey
wile shown us. Aly Irienil and myself Ik.iIi eoiiliileolly
allirmeil that v.o eoiilil, for we had niarkeil tin in wi II
during our short inti rview. The boy was lis:; eoiifnii lit.
The prince was tin n eonibieti'ii into a hall in the |'.ri-
soii, leaving me anil the boy logitber. In a ti-w miiiiilis
a jailer retiirni il willioul llie pi inn , and ilet in il me to
lidlow liim, whieli 1 iliil, leaving llie boy alonr, I was
nslii red iolo n il.irk, dirty aparliin nl, win re a dozen or
liiU't II rullianly liKiking lillows were raiiL:eil iu ii line,
and was told lo point out among lln in the peipi trators i f
llie robbery. Heing short siglili d 1 went cbise up to this
villaiious llie, and as soon as iny lye lueanie aeeuslomiil
to Hie liiully light of tile place, I pointed out onu of my
ci-tltviiitt call! mil iators.
'•'I'oiieh him with your hand," erinl a little man in
the corni'r, who was noting down what passiil.
1 laid my hand on the Milli.-in, who said w ilh a bold
einiuyh laii^li *' »-/A .' tiitjittir iniii, i'ttutt i^lio^liato i:i itiis.
Ml.'" (.Ml, sirl you have mnde a gross mist, ike. ^ Mill
when 1 laid my band on ii si eeiiil, J saw that li How's
eoiiiid iianee change, and tliat be "oiilii searci'ty avoid
■■Ininkiiig from my toneli. When my n eegnilioii was
liiiislnil, I was removed lo aiiollier Hum and Ii il alone,
and lb,' boy was called in. When Hie boy Iniil pieki il out
his mi II, they brought him iiilo tin' room vvlnre I was,
and then led us to the priiin. Il appeared lliat my
friciiil, and myself, and the hoy had seleeted .tin.- sanii-
inilividiials, only that the boy had at lirst been ill doubt
as loone of I hem.
On the strength of such evidence ns this alone, one
might have hoped for a speedy and ilei isive trial. Ihil
we were at Naples! I heard nolbing mole of the robbers
liir some inoiiths, when I was called to attend ii trial,
vvliiih, when I went lo the eoiirl, 1 limnil, w illiuut learn-
ing why, was postponed.
In Ibis interim there had been some talk in the neigh-
honi'houil, iiiid even on the estiile, that veiigeanee \\ mid
be taken on lis by tlie robbers' klnsnicii and friends, liir
iiialieioiisly detaining in prison iimoeeiit, imtiirtmiate
iiien, which said individuals Inrneil out lo be, as we e.\.
IH'Cleil, of those parts, and aeqiiainted with the cireum-
taiiee thill the prince carried good slims of mniiey ihi're
every Saliiiibiy. l'"or a nioiilh or so we had nil escort of
g«im//i(»(, but llieii went and came alone as before, t're-
pienlly travelling in the dnrkiii ss of night. I am fain
10 eoiiii'ss that at first, whenever I saw li'llows skulking
along Hie solitary roads with long guns in their hands,
(which hapiH'iieil rather I'reipienlly, as, spile ol the prohibi-
tiirii of irdvernmeiil, nearly every peasant had bis gull ill
that wild district,) I lilt rather niieomliirlable, niid took
care, at least, that my pistol slnnilil not be under the
apron and iini oeked. Unl this wore oil', and wo never
beard of the prisoners' kinsmen and t'rieiids.
It was nearly two years athr the olVinie that I was
again summoned lo the \'iearia. This lime the trial
11 ally begniii but there were only three prisonerH pro-
iliieed, — Hie liiinlb linil eonlrneti'd a disease and died in
the prison! Mad I mi I i itlnr of Ibese men In the pursuit
w brn my blood was hot, I slionlil most assiireilly have
had Hie lieart lo blow bis bruins out. At the moment I
was first eonfroiili d willi tin in in prison, I might have
borne to Me one or Iwo of llieiii hangiil; but aller this
long interval, in wliieh one of Ilieiii had died ill ii dun-
gewn; in vvhieli I had Is en occupied by so many other
Ihonghls, and ti clings, mill piirsiiils; in which, on the
wlnde, I had ciiJomiI so iniieli, mill the ihree men, in
w liese hands my lib' Imil been, now enmehing k'tiire ine,
eiiiai lilted anil broken by their long and rigorous coiifine-
nienl, had siiireriil so iniieh, 1 nm sure, had I hi en able,
I would have opinid llnir prison doors iiiiil set tin in
free. 1 lell Mi k at heart when I had to iiinke my depo-
sition.
( )iii' of tlio uuriuui ttiulurLD in thii t'Atruuidiiiury trial
WHS, that I was never put lo my oath; for when il came
10 Ibal test, the presiilim: jnilve, "bo knew Miy liltle of
me, said that my word as an llnylisbnian iinil a cenlle-
niaii was 1 iiougb! 'I lie ri.inplinn nl ilnl net pi i vent my
astonisliiiient at the time, and m> ii fi n m e in my own
iiiil to the moil, s of 1 riminal pn.ndiire in my own
country. My In iiig a proleslanl, i laiiiy, eoiilil have
nolbing to do in the inalter, and iiiili id in more than one
inslanie I bad been |iiil to my oath in the kiiigdom of
.Naples before the lieallh ollieers, on arriving at a I.a7.7.a-
retto.
Ilesides my evidence, wliieh I tlioiii;ht was full and
decisive, there was Ibal of Hie boy anil of several other
wilnesses, including Hie old woman. When I thought
senlenee was going to be pronoiiiieeil, the eonri broke up,
.tnil the prisoners were remandi d. ) stayi d nl Na[;Ies
live or six months loiit'er willioul benrinir any thing more
of the robbers; wlial became of lliem I know not, tiir at
llie end of that pi riml I ipiilieil Ibe I liimlry, and transt'er-
reil myself III a bind wbeie jusliee is nmeli more sum-
mary — 1 mean Turkey.
It was said by many of the Ni apolilans at Ibe lime,
that the riil:lirr.s, w bo had iKiiilakin lonu 1 1 fore they
11 iild possibly spend so eoiisiili ruble a sum, (a forlnnc
.ibiiosl to men of their eiaidilioii in ibal eouiitryli had
made gofjil use of il in delaving the law 's severity. What
I know is, Ibal my Irleiid never saw a carliii of histhiic
thousand ilneals.
Ihit what I know 11I.-0 is, Ibe prom ness of the .Neapo-
litans to >|iiak ill of eiieh other, i.ml to vituperate tlieir
own govrriiiiii lit. I have, nniiiMr, livid too many
yi ars ill lliat I oiinlry, to r.dupt the swiepieg preiiiilieis
of hasty Mill Ilia xaiiiii.iiig Iravi lli rs. cr lo be In ve all or
evi 11 a lilln of what i.- asM rli d against tin Italians )^ine-
r.illy ; si ill, la,wi vi r, Ibe lii Is w> re sin li as I have ri pre-
si nil d llieiii, and the ciinmenls liny inhsl piovoi.e, in
wbaliver way we baik at tin 111, eniiin t be ilbei wise lliaii
most nnliivonrable to ihe 1 riminal courts of Ntpb s.
That beanlifnl iiuntry has now a 111 w and young
kiiii;, who bat, il is said, alri.iily 1 Hi 1 lid many salutary
reli. rills; lit ns bope he has dim lid, or vv ill I'iii it his
allenlion lo Ibe pro{ 1 r ailminislratioii of jiisliei , wliieh
ill be a irieali r In m I'll to Ibe N'eapi lilaiis, ibi.n, niidi r
eirenmslances, Ihi ir Spai.isli ('eiislilntii 11 eoiild have
pri.vi d.
.And now good night lo It.ilian biiganiis, and eiicr
more laiewell lo Italy! — a eonnlry where my brightest
days have been passed, liir I can never hope lo ritraie
the pleasant period of life In twei 11 si ventii n years and
twcnly-.-even — a eounlrv li'r v. bieb I ninv assert a heart-
vvariii admiration, kiiovvin;; it and li\ iiiu in it so long ns
I have done, vvilboiil, I trust, incurring the suspicion of
seiilimi ntalisin or i.tii 1 lalion — a 11 imlry where I have
bad, .mil am eonlidi nt still have, si me ot' my best ti ii ml,'*,
and where, next lo my native land. I should preler tii
end my lib', and find a ipiii I and a bumble grave.
src'ii.i.\N iiui(;.\Nns.
'i'lie beautiful island of .'''ieily, wliieh has gem rally
had the liirtnne to he as badly governed as sontherii
Italy — almost as oOeii subjnted lo foreign inv.isioii and
conipiest, also abonntls, like t'alabrin, on the oppositu
side of the Karo, in moimlains ot' most iliOieidt aeeess,
and wild swamps, once ti'rtile plains, that aided the
island in its ncipiisilion of its pnnid title ot' " The
llrannry of Koine," nnd has eonseipiently nbounded
willi banditti and men ol the most ili spirale eliaraeters.
.Sue in one solitary iiistanee, tliere is little, liov.i '.i r,
in the lives of the Sicilian robbers, dill'ereiit I'roiii loose
of till ir near neigbhoiirs, the ('abibrians. Their mi dc
of pliimli ring, their places of retreat, their general ha-
bits of lili' were Ihe same; but they have not been so
tiirtiinale as the eiintinental freebooters, in having good
narrators of tin ir exploits, nor have I been so lucky as
lo find one good eye-witness neeount of llieiii. Till'
first of the Iwo aneeiloles I have seleeti d, came to me in
Ihe way of oral tradition, and the n.iiiie of the hero liuit
escaped me.
Tlie peeiili irity of this Sicilian robber's ease is, thnt
he did every thing single hniiiled — be lomnianded
no band, but untititiyunt'*^ or targe puppets the si/e
of lili', niaile and dressed up by liiinself, were his
passive hut ell'eelivc s,ilelliles. He must have been
an artist of considerable ingeimity, liir his fignris were
|H'rti'et ns far as hrigiind costume nod ferocity of expres-
sioii went. Their eyes were large and staring, their
whiskers most tremendous, and lln ir mouths, of course,
were never seen lo relax w ith a smile of good nature.
His plan iifoperaliou was simply this. He set up
his |iupjH.'t9 ugainvt a hunk or hiUuck liy eoniv ruad bide,
(1 .1
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"•••ijiiJ
108
1.IVES OP nANDITTI AND KOBBEHH.
■■• 9. ,;•■
^Si
^ •>\^ ■*
or among bUHlics or tliinkntfl hangin); over the roail — lie
contrived tn ninke tlicni liold long gnns pninti'd ilown on
the road, and their dagircra anil couleaux i'" chusse wore
visiidu in their liosoins or girdlcx. His li'.'on was al-
ways chosen where the road or mountain j.,illi was bro-
ken and tnrtiious, and where passenjrerd woidd come
suddeidy in view of hisi troop and Ix; covered by their
musketry at the tnrn of a corner. While they remain-
ed more immoveable even than Austrian sentinels at
their |>o8ts, he kept a sharp look out from a point whence
lie eould see the approaches by the road on both sides.
If the travellers were numerous and well armed, he
withdrew his men, like a prudent commander, and liid
thcin and himself in the thicket ; but if those who ap-
proached were less formidable, he placed himself by the
side of liis steady troop, and when the timid wayfarers
popped upon the appallin); spectacle of their fierce faces,
and murilerons guns that 8iH;iiied just joiiig to lie fired
at them, he rushed upon them, well uriiud as he always
was, and made llioin |R'rfonn the " faccia in tmin" evo-
lulion, which Ihcy readily did, under the impression
that they would- be shot by tJie figures on the road side
if they disobeyed. He then made them give up their
money nr what moveable things of value they might
have with tlirin ; and this also they did with prompti-
tude, thinking a whole band of robbers kept guard over
them. As soon ils this agreeable o|KTation was perforiii-
rd, he orikreil them to rise and return the way tliey
liad come, swi'ariiig by the most tremendous oaths, that
he among them who should dare to look back, was a
dead man !
When the despoiled had departed, he relieved his
guMd, carried otT and concealed his never murmuring
ndliiTents, until lie should again think proper to take
tiie field, and instead of dividing the siwils witli greedy
comrades, lie put them all into his own pocket.
Numerous were the robberies cominitted by the soli-
tary Sicilian in this ingenious manner, and as he was
continually ehanging his scene of action, tlie whole
island soon rang with the fame of his formidable band.
Yet, do what they would, government could never trace
them. Kveii when, as at times it hap|M-ned, a military
force was in the neighbourhood of the place where the
depredation was committed, and sent in pursuit with
the greatesl alacrity, they never could eoini; up with the
banditti. Nor could promises or threats, or actual vio-
lence and torture, evir extract from the shepherds or the
ptasanlry, seatl( red aiiout spots likely to be thi^ir haunts,
a confession that they had ever supplied the dangerous
Irand with food — hail ever even seen them. It may well
)x' conceived that the ]iarilon of aeeomi>liccsaiid rewards
otiered to such of the band as would return to society,
and " turn king's evidence" (as our Newgate phrase
goesl, were all tlirnwii away, anil that none of the rob-
l«r's gang would Utniy him. The trick, however, was
di leeted at last. Due day a considerable armed force
came so suddenly upon the ingenious chief, who had
not, |>erliaps, chosen his spot with his usual felicity, that
he liad not time to withdraw his faithful adherents lie-
fore tlic caeciitlori, or sharpshooters, were in front of
them, and within ritlc shot, summoning them to surren-
der.
" Lay down your arms and submit," cried the captain
of the iroop, " and no evil shall befall you from us —
justice will deal with you, and our government is mer-
ciful !" There was no ajiswcr returned, and as the offi-
cer saw the robliers' guns still levelled nt him and his
men, he gave the word of command. " Present arms !"
The cncciotiiii levelled their rifles, but to their siir-
prise the robbers neither sjHike nor retreated, nor ilip|)ed
lH:liind the bushes, but stood there like targets to be
shot at.
" Fire !" cried the ca])Lain.
'I'lie soldiers discharged their pieces. One of the rob-
bers fell, another staggered, and remained declining from
the iMTiiendieular, but the others were as fixed as liefore,
iind lo the no small surprise of the soldiers did not even
return their fire.
The captain and his men thought they were entranced
— fised by a sjk'II, or else plamiing some despi'rate ma-
niruvre, nor did they lire again, until they had well look-
ed to their ilanks and rear, ex|M'cting an ambushed at-
tack by others of tliis I'yihngorcan band.
At the second voHey tliree more of the robliers fell,
and then the soldiers Isildly rushed forward to the
thicket — when tliey had the salisfiu'tion to find that they
had been kept in awe by pup|N'ts, and had been firing
«t jackets and breeches sliilfed witji straw, two of which
fierce figures, still alert, seemed lo defy them to do their
worst 1
made good his csca|K', but he was caught, some time
afier the destruction of his lianil, in the commission of
some paltry footpad robbery, and sent to the galleys,
where he used afterwards to amuse his companions in
captivity by relating his wonderful exploits as capo-bun-
dito, or roblwr chief.*
'I'hc second anecdote is worth slight mention.
A friend of mine, a young Kiiglish mcrchvit, tolera-
bly well acquainted with Sicily and its language, travel-
ling some years ago in the interior of the island, had to
pass a place that for some months had enjoyed a disa-
greeable notoriety as being frciiuented by an association
that levied contributions on the road, and occasionally
forgot that cominanihnent which saitli " Thou shalt do
no nmrdcr." About the hour of noon he reached a soli,
tary taverna on the side of a lotly mountain, and here,
though he knew it was the very worst place on his jour-
ney, he was obliged to stop to rest his tired mules.
.Making a virtue of necessity, my friend followed the
very sinister-looking Honiface of the miserable inn to a
little room, where a table was soon spread for him. The
house artbrdcd iintliing but eggs, garlic, a little inacca-
roiii, some sour bread and sourer wine ; but like an ex-
IX'rienced traveller he had brought a good linsket with
him, and this Iwing handed in, he began i • make a
hearty meal. He was considerably advanced in this
plea-saiit operation, and, having swallowed a glass or twoof
generous Faro wine, Wiis becoming very indifierent to
lianditti and the dangers of the road, when he was star-
tled by ii loud fierce voice speaking outside of the inn.
He ran to the window, but on looking out, he only saw
his niuleteer, who had evidently Iwen disturlied in a
shiniber, nibbing his eyes, and the brawny back of a
tall man who was gliding into the house, lie thought
the latter might lie the landlord, and returned to his seat
and table, but before he could carry the next morsel to
his mouth, he heard heavy footsteps approaching the
door — in the next iiiomcnt, the door flew ojien, and a
man of almost gigantic stature, with a long gun in his
hand, a brace of (listols and a long knife in his girdle,
entered the room. My friend started up. The intruder
eyed him from head to fool, and his countenance, belbrr
none of the mildest, now relaxed, and he said, " Oh !
you arc an Knglishnian, are you ! — I'ray don't let me
disturb ypu." He was about to turn out of the room,
when my friend, recovering his presence of mind, ]iaid
him the coiiipliiiicnt, never omitted in Sicily or the
south of Italy, wlun one is found eating, of inviting him
to partake with him. The intruder declined, but my
friend not confining himself to a mere empty conipli-
iiicnt (and among tlie Sicilians and Nea|>oliUins it is no
more) pressed him to share his meal, and the stranger,
placing his long gun by his side, sat down.
He declined partaking of a pasticcio, or mcat.|>ie, be-
cause it was a fast daj', but accepted of some good biscuit
and English cheese, which he declared to bo excellent,
and drank freely enough of the Faro wine.
lly degrees, the two became veiy sociable. They
talked about the English army that had bi<en in Sicily,
(almost the only place I have had the fortune to visit,
where the English have lefl grateful hearts behind them;)
then of the Neapolitans, whom the stranger of course
hated ; then of one thing, and then of anotjier, until my
friend alluded to the state of the roads and the banditti,
" You are safe from them," said the stranger, touch-
ing my friend's glass with his own, " take my word for
that ! I am their chief— Don C'esare !"
My friend, though lie had some slight suspicion nr
misgiving, concealed his emotion us much as ho could
and even went so far as to mutter tlie formula of polite-
ness — that he was much honoured in making his ac-
ipinintance. He could not, however, conceal his real
feelings from tbii quick-eyed Sicilian, who said, as though
his delicacy was hurt by his suspicion, " Signor, mi fiitc
lurtu ! Sir, you wrong me ; I would not, for the wealth
of all Palermo, hurt a hair of your head, or take from
,,„ , 111, t , I'"'//" t»nttftinh'-~r\n liis
J he muvcr uf the murioncUc bundits had meanwhile mto, or out of rilKinlon-bv ten men or xraw
• Tills trlrlc fins Iteen reprnlpif in niir ilnys tn itic mmth ol
t>nnn'— tint. It I n^iiieiiiln'r welt, Itir |Htr|H-irati>r of ii ivim fiilicr
a Slriliuii or a Nra|H)litnii. " My roiiipaniiiiis in Itic itiljuriin!,"
suitt 111*' late Mr. Henry Maltht-xvc, wti<i vx as traveltlnif tu Itie tlini>
IVoln Mmtlpt'llrr in lli'/irrs, " wrn.' atl nll Itn* ^ui rirr, !'<>r Ifio car
riant! Iiait Iti'i'ti Hlnppi.il nint rntilieit twn i]vpiitni*sl>rli)r'' by a Hlniiti'
rnitlpail. 'i'tiia fi'tlow tiail |irartlsi!it n inofll inginitnna^lratniiein lo
(.■ttVcl fits piirpo^p. Iff inannrnrtnred ten innii nt straw, anil ilrcw
itii'in np ill tfin mm) in li.itlle nrrny; anil inlvniirins snint' (lifftniiri-
iH'fnrp llit-in, lio orili'rpil iliii itllluinico to slop, llintaieiiinu tr llii'
k-ant ri'HlHtnncn won ulli)ri.-i), to ritll up his rninpantoiiH and put all
itir pasHenuiTA tmleutli. Ill this inannrr he hilil tlin whole party
iinilcr rniitrilMilinn, aiiionu whoiii w-i>m' two Hpanlsli inen'liaiiu,
vvlawi! pumi'M \x-i'ri> llravily Inili'ti." — Hinry nf an tnralnl^ p. ttri.
I have hriiril tlits ntnry iiiiich better Inlil. ^ly niiirainr ilwell par
limlailv nn the t aire of nne nf the pai>iien)i<'rH, a Krenih nlllrer- ^
rinji that tin liad lieen irrtillul
you, without your free will, so much as this bit of lija.
cuil. I have served your countrymen — I wish tlnv
were back again. I have eaten their bread, and tlinncii
circumstances have made me what I am, I will coiiUnue
to lie the friend of every Englishman 1 meet."
tjuite tranquilliscd by tlicso words, and the canuM
manner in which the brigand uttered them, my frimd
gave appropriate thanks, ond then mailc free to ask «l;a
were the circumstances that had driven him to siiih t
dangerous profession? The robber replied without any
shyness.
It appeared that Pon Cesarc was one of those Siiiliani
who, when the Nea|(olitaiis made their revolution in l^all,
aimed at still further changes, or at rendering their island
inde|iondeiit of the continental kingdom to which it liai
l«'en so long linked. These men, who were very nu.
meroiis, would hear nothing of the U'nefits of I hat run.
stitulioii which their fellow subjects, the Neupolilaii<,
without knowing what it was, liad adopted f'ruiii Hn;
.Spaniards, but insisted on separating from thini iiiin
erecting Sicily into one iiidc|iendeiit state, with a kiiij
and constitution of its own. In atfempfiiig to cHect tlli^,
much crime and cruelty were committed, much bloHi
was shed; and, be it said in justice, considerable ilelir.
minafinn and valour shown by the lower order of the Si.
cilians, particularly at Palermo, where for some time llnj
kept at bay a whole Neapolitan army, conimandeil In-
Oeneral Florcstan Pepe, a brother to, but an abler innii
than, William Pejic, the hero of liieti. The Sieilim
patriots, however, could not succeed; and, not iiianv
months at\er, when the Neapolitan coiislitulion wi,
" whistled down the wind," and old King Ferdinand v.
pristinated, that sovereign thought fit to investigate tlif
oflences of his Sicilian subjects. Some were arrcsliii
and thrown into prison ; some hid llieinsclves, and sniiif,
among whom was iny friend's acquaintance, Don C'esan.
fled to the mountains, and turned brigands.
When my friend's curiosity was satisfied on this limit,
he ventured to express his surprise at the liberty of rantt
the roblM>r allowed himself, and to ask if he were iioi
afraid the [K'ople of the country would lay hands on liim'
To this, Don Cesarc said, that besides his own gun niiil
kiiifi', he had always the arms of others near him; thai
in a ininute he could surround tliu house where tlin
were with his trusty followers ; and that as to the conn.
try people they knew their own interests too well to in.
tcrferc with those who never harmed them, and who, ai'.
ter all, were nothing less than unfortunate honest imii
that had attempted to rid the island of the Nca|iolitaiiF.
Hy this time the refreshed mules were at the doer nt
the hostel; so, thanking Don Cesarc for his civility nnil
communicativeness, as that preparatory step to every ilc-
partiire from an inn, he called the ill-looking Doiiithn
I'or his bill. The host only followed the usual praclicr.
by asking a young Englishmnn somewhat more llian
double what he would have asked a Sicilian. My fricinl.
withouta remark, drew out his purse: the robber snatilnii
it from him, and shut it up in his broad, horny lianil.
" No, sir, this shall never be — the account is not just,"
said he ; and then turning to the host, he bade him linvt
a conscience, and not assassinate a stranger, tiiid «ii
Englishman, in that way.
'i'he iiinkcc|)cr muttered something : my friend, wlin
did not wish to have words about what after nll wiis t
mere trifle, not amounting to more than five or six i^liii.
lings, liegged for his purse, that he might pay the ilr.
inand ; but the robber wonUI sufl'er no such thing, nnd
still clenching the money in his fist, ho turned again to
Doniface, and said, he would fare il cunto, or make tlu
bill.
This accordingly he did, marking the articles, siieh m
"a feed for two mules," " ditto for one muleteer," '• lircail,"
" fried eggs," &c. on his fingers, and then piitliiig tli«
precise price to each, he summed up a total which ii>i|:lil
have met the approbation of even Joseph Iliimo, V,ni
M. P. He next counted out the money into the palm ii
the host, who seemed not to dare to make any other rr
mark, and twisting up my friend's purse ns thoiiefli il
was never more (o be opem^d, he restored it to him willi
a short piece of Italian advice to be more careful nl' JLv
contents.
At the inn door he helped my friend to ninitnl liii
mule, and when lie otfered him his hand, and wotilil liau
bidden him lim well, the robber whisiKrcd — " No, »'
must not part company so so..ii; there arc others iiuil
meet you lietweeii Ibis and the next town; I will see vmI
ill safety." 'I'liey then went on, the robber slridini; kil
the side of my friend's mule, iinil talking all the wayiii|
n rlieerf'ul lone. They had not gone much more tliiin il
mile when three wild-looking fellows wero seen dcFrrmi [
inj; from the mountain's lida-lowurdi Iho rond,whlcil
SPANISH nilKiANDS.
H tlilH bit (It' hit.
II — 1 Wish llin
read, nnil tlmiicii
11, I wiUcniiliiiuij
IIRCt."
niid tlic cariioi
(liein, my tVicnil
! fri'C to ack \vl;-.i
n him to sucli i
ilicd without any
! of those Sicihani
evolution in l^•Jl.
lerin^ their isliuiil
n to which it hu
lo were very iiu-
lefits of Ihiil ciiii.
the Neaiiohliuis,
adopted fruiii llit
r from thini aiid
<tate. witli a kinj
iliiiK to cflVcl llii-,
itted, iniicli h\n4
oiisiderable dilcr.
or order of the S.
for pome tiniclli(j
IV, conimnndcil hy
liiit an ablir man
eti. The Siriliii,
I ; and, not many
const itntion ui.
ing Kerdinaiiri n.
to inveslifralc the
)mc were arrcslni
inselvcs, and some,
itunce, Don Cesari,
rands.
listied on this \ini.
tlio liberty of raiip
isk if he were iirt
I lay hands on him'
i his own gun and
ers near him ; thai
liouse where Uict
that US to the eoim.
ests too well to in.
1 them, and who, at
lunnte honest iiiin
, the NeaiKjlilniiF.
•cro at the door nl
lor his civility and
rv step to every I'f-
i.lookinp Boiiilim
le usual pracliif,
jH'what more tliai,
icilian. My fridul.
the robber snatcliiii
broad, horny lianil.
count is not jusl."
he bade him havt
stranger, and nii
my friend, »li«|
at after all was il
on five or six sliil[
might pay the dr.
io such thing, and I
10 turned again lol
conto, or make tlitl
he artielcd, such j'l
nuletoer,""hrcail,"
then pulling lli»l
total whieli iiiit'litl
oseph Hume, K*] I
■y into the palm "(I
lake any other tf-f
nrso iiH though >>|
ired it to him with I
luirc careful nt' it! I
lend to inoiiiil In*
jid, and would In"
liBp«rcd— " N", w
\c arc others nut
>wn; I will see yx
Jiihber striiliui; l«[
ling all the way
Tnui'h more llian il
Ivero seen defrrml I
ft the road, whicti
109
,|„,r<- mil through a deep winding hollow. As these men
,iirii;i'-liid,lliev called uii the travellers to stop, and hud
I'l'vHhd their guns at them, when Don ('esare, who had
lie waved a
ViDit il Ke
lli.Viienneeale* from them by the mule, and the |ierson
(]f mv friend, stepjH'd forward in the ro:id, showed him-
wli' waved his hand backward, luid ciied out in a voice
like tliiuKh-r," la dietrn,e.anai;Ua ! iddi sunamici: Sanlii
Diiivihini :• in dtftro!" or, " Hack, you blackguards,
llicse are iHeuds ! Saint Uevil \ gel ye back" 'I'lie lliri e
nilli.ins recovered their guns, threw thi'iii over their
sliniilders, and williout saying a word returned up the
'Die robhcr-clnuf took no notice of what had happened,
bill walking a little ahead of the mules tliat be might be
siiii roiiliime'! in conversation on indilferiMit subjects
until they eaiiie to a fair piece of newly-iuade road, in-
,|,i«d on cither side by magnificent hedges, (eoiumon
tliiii>r» '" Sillily aiid Calabria,) wuaimsed of the gigantic
al.)i>, liuliaiilig iJaiils and high Howering geraniums.
" Hire you are safe," said the robljcr, grasping my
Irii lid's liaiid ; " this road winds round the- bill to the
tiiuii of t'.m IJiovanni, luid here we inu.-^t part 1"
" ^is," ^''''1 ''"• mul'leer, nddresning my friend, " Yes,
D.iii (jiorgio, it is only a. iiuarter of an hour to .San (Jio-
laiiiii 1"
'• Dim Oiorgio I' said the outlaw: " la that your name?
It is llie name of your king whom 1 have servell I May
tliu blessed Virgin go with you," and giving a last friendly
Miiii lie to my friend's hand, he turned back, shouting as
he went, " I'ivail Ke IJiurgio!" Iioiig live King (George!
He had not been gone many minutes, when my friend
liiaril one of those long shrill whistles wliieh the Sicilians
aiiilCalubrians are particularly expert in producing, by
aiiiilyiiig their lingers to tiieir tongue and lips. TIk'
\ii'iiiiir iMiglislimaii turned his head, and presently saw
iilmv"tlie hill round which he was wiiiiliiig, the gigantic
liiriire of the outlaw, accompanied by three other men,
slniliiiil up the mountain. The chief also happened to
I aril Ills lii'.id nearly at the same instant.
>ilk liaiidliirchiet', and again shouting
(iiui!;iu .' ' thus took his last f.irewell !
Till' muleteer, wjio had pri'.served a resiiectful silence,
[only broken by a word or two, as long as the outlaw was
Iwilli tlieiii, now gave way to his tyiigue. " Don Cesare,"
all! he, " is a robber — there is no doubt of thai ; some
Isav an assassin, though, for my part, I believe he has
liiiily killeil live or six Neapolitans; but there is much
itliil i-i good in him for all that'." After my friend's c.\.
Iiii rii'iii'e, it was not for him to contradict the muleteer's
lassiTti.iii.
SPANISH IIUKJANDS.
I Tor brig.inds, Spain stands next in rank to the king.
Iiliiin if Naples and the slates of the church. The reasons
lari' t.Ki obvious to reijuiri! any explanalion here. In eoin-
Ipariiig iJie Ituiiau with the Spanish hands, from tlii' ac-
liiiiiiits I have read luid liuaril, 1 should hi' ineliued tosaj
■ that till- kilter were gunerally more brutal and ferocious,
laiiil less romantic — if, after all I have siiiil, the reader
l»ill still di em the term ruiuanlic at all applicable to the
I Italian liunililti.
rOLINAKIO.
My first anccjiile of Spanish robbers is ratlier of an
lamalile eharaeler. Il isexlraeled from the work of a
.(Hit traveller, from Ui. Inglis's "Spain in IhSO," c)iir
.piiiitryiiian in the eour.si .f his |K'regriiiiUioiis, slopped
nil' iiii;lil ala posada, or inn, in the south of .Spain, and
Isat iliiwii to sup at a sort of tiilile d'liuir, with siii'li eoni-
||Miiy as bad gathered at the said place of re|H)se and re-
ll'iTtliin.
Towards the conclusion of sup|K'r, a guest of no small
|jiii|iiirtiiiii (■ look his place al the table : this was no other
lliiiii lliiii the celebrated I'olinario, during eleven years
ilreacl of half Spain, and now fiillowiiig the honest
rilliiii; of giiaril of the Seville diligence. 1 never saw a
^iiiir man, or one whose ap|H'aranee more clearly liiili-
latnl the profession which he had abandoned. I could
lint hiip fancying that his countenance expressed a cer-
I hiwk'ssiiess of mind, and eontempt of |H'aeeable |kt-
kniis like myself, whieli an assumed suavity of manner
Ivis iiiialile iillogetlier lo conceni : this suavity of man-
lier is, liiiwever, very remarkable, and 1 believe is in
I rl'nt aeeordance with his conduct when a roblxT; (or
' I .III mil tiiinw wliy, lull the Riclllnas niiil raliibitnnt linvo iiinilo
i^oiiiitiK iiiiijrsiy a hiilnt. Suntu ffi.ini/u, Willi its iiiipmentatlvc
in't. '{■iirtilnni, iA niitilniinlty in llif^ niniitti ni'lKilli. Il \» ns iiitirli
"11 lialiltiiiil uaih aa irrtaln two iiiuiiu«} liaUlei ore Ihuw of the
lai^l!..-!!.
I'olinario was niver guilty of any act of wanton cruelty
or biirharily, but along with the most tearless courage, he
always evinced a certain liirheariince, not uncummoii
among Spanish banditti; but in him, having a dee|K'r
seat than the mock civility of a .Spanish thief, arising
ratlier from a soilness at heart, wliieli afterwards led to a
change in his mode of life. The history of this change is
curious, and I pledge myself for ilj> autlu^iitieily.
" The usual range of I'olinario was the norlhrrn part
of the Sierra .Moreiia and the southern parts of la Mancha;
and here he remained during eleven years.
"A lew years ago, understanding that the archbishop
of Ciaen would pass the .Sierra -Moremi in his carriage,
without oIIht attendants than his servants, he bay in wail
fiir the jirelate, and stop|Kiil his carriage. The archbishop
of course delivered his money; and I'olinario having re-
ceived it, asked his blessing: uiwu this, the arelibishop
began lo reinonstrate willi the roblier, .-citing forth the
h( inoiisness ol" his oHences, and the wickedness of his
hie: but I'olinario iiitiTnipleil the archbishop, by telling
him it was of no use remonstrating u|ion his manner of
lile, unless his grace could obtain a pardon for the jiast ;
liecau.se, without this, it was iiinwssiblo ho could change
his mode of living.
" 'J'hi' archbishop of Gacn is a good man; and feeling
a real desire lo assist Polinario in his half-expressed de-
siri' of seeking a Ir'Uit way of life, he jiassed his word
that he would obtain for liiiii his majesty's i>ardon ; and
I'olinario came under a solemn promise to the archbishop,
that he would rob no more. In this way the mailer slooil
for eleven months; for it was eleven months lieforu the
archbishop coiihl obtain the pardon he had promised; and
during all this time i'olinario was obliged to conceal
himself from the pursuit which the otVcr of a consider-
able reward had long before instigated. At length, how-
ever, the pardon was obtained; and I'olinario was free to
lead an honest lite. He admits, however, that he is not
contented with the change, and makes no hesitation in
saying, tli.it the promise made to the archbishop alone
prevents him from returning to his former prolession ;
but he says the archbishop kept his word to him, and he
will keep his word to the archbishop."
During the |)en insular war. Napoleon, who then drew
his resources from so many countries, and had establish-
ed the conscriplioii, aud by making war the only profit-
able occupation, had awakened a military spirit nearly all
over KuroiH', had, as it will lie reinembereil, a nuinber of
Italian regiments in the field. Itesides the olficers of
these regiments, many young Italians of good families,
particularly Nea|Kililans, were lo he found on the stall" of
King Joseph, who had done ill, ius far as his lia|i|iine.ss
was eoncerned, lo quit the sure throne of Naples for the
very imcertaiii one of Spain. Though his governinenl
was not a very [xipular one at Naples, during the short
lime it lasted, the mnnnich had made such good use of
his leisure, and of tlie lax morality then |irevailing, that
at his departure for Spain, he was sincerely regretted by
a number of g.ay dames, who, having no longer his IIIm'-
rality to look lo, warmly recommended their brolher.s,
their cousins, \c. to In- provided ibr in his new kingdom.
Il was curious enough tool>serve,tliat, in many instances,
these young Italians, now sent to assist in the subjuga-
tion of Spain by the Kreneli, were deseended from Spanish
families, whose fiiimders had served and found fortune in
the Spanish armies that had subdued Italy, and under
the great (aipluiii (ionsalvo di t'cirdova and others, had
eslalilislied the dominion of Spain in the Milanese and
the kingdom of the Two Sicilies, in spite of all the efibrts
of the French. The shoots that Spain had thrown out in
Ibreign conquesl, were now returning to strike at liir
own proud trunk and root! The hero of the fiillowiiig
roblwr story was not, however, of Spanish lineage, but
descended from an aneieiit liimily originally of tlie re.
public of (Jenoa, and long settled in the kingiloni of Na-
ples, where their possessions, particularly in C'alabria,
were at one time of an eiiornioim extent : nor though on
the stall' of King Joseph, and a (K-rsonal favourite of his,
dill Don Francesco mvi' his [lost, or his lio|)es of advance,
nient, to sister or cousin, or any relation, or eoimeclion,
or tricnd of the ti'inale gender whatsoever. 'I'ho iianir
and rank of his family had had their intlueneo of course,
and Joseph, who was I'ar from licing either ailventiirous
or courageous himwlli adniire<l lliose qualilieH in others —
and there was not a |mtsoii nliout him more distinguished
by tlieni than the young Italian.
Whenever there was any thing daring to Ixi done,
whenever there was a message to Ix' carried that reipiired
extriiordinary speed, of all the aides.de.camp and others,
Don Francesco was always the first to ofl'er himself. Hut
there appeared to be no dtuiger whotovcr, and tliurc was
no iie<d li>r baste when he met w itii bis advenlnre. 'I'hu
intrusive king bad Ixeii I'or some liiiii' at .Madrid. Kiig-
land had not yet armed Wellington lo do wonders, Spain
seemed prostrate Ix'tbre the Fniicli, ami Ihoiigli an occa-
sional deed of blixid showed their antipathy to the in-
truders, the destructive guerilla warfare was not yet
comnienced ; and though an oecasioiiiil roblxry was
heard of, the country was not held as Ixiiig iiiueh in.
listed by bandilli, and ollieers came and went, only ac-
eoinpanleil by their orderlies.
Don Francesco wa.s, therefore, despatebeil one morniiig,
with only one man, a steady, old Polish trooper, locairy
someinstruetions lo a small corps of the Freneli army in
iiilomnenls, not many miles from iM.idriil. Having de-
livered these, he was to visit some oul)Kists seallered
round the cimntiy, and then return to head-ipiarlers at
his own leisure, or ratlier, iJiere was no precise tiinu
fixed Ibr his return. He arrived safely at Hie caiilon-
ineiits, and having finished his short business, would
have prfKieeded farlber that evening, but the eohiiiel com.
mandiiig there was a counlrymaii, and an ohi liiiiid.aiid
be pressed him lo stay dinner, and then it was loo late lo
an any furlher that night .Vl the coloiiers labb' were
Iwo young Freuehmcn, who talked of relieving the ennui
of" eounlry ipiarters" the fullowing morning by a sIuhiI-
ing excursion, and as the ground they inleiideil to k'at
was the same over whieli Don Francesco's road lay, it
wasagrccil, not only that they should start together, Imt
that he, having finished his in.s[x'etiun, shoulil join them,
and take a day's s|Hirt.
Accordingly, they .set ofl' in high spirits the next morn-
ing, Don t'raiieeseo fiillowed by his staunch Pole, but
the French oHieers with no attendant, .save a young,
naked legged Castilian, who carried their game hags,
and acted as guide. They iiartid company al Hie head
ofaliltle valley or hollow, about two lioiirs IxI'ore noon.
Tlierc was no inn or posada near, but a scattered village
seemed to lie midway up the hollow, and here il was
agreed Don Francesco should join the yoiin^f Freiiehmeii
early in the evening, and after passing the night at the
village, they were lo conliniic their sport on llie morrow.
As be roile on his w.iy he heard ratlier an activ.' firing
on the side of his friends, and anxious lo have a share of
such good s|Mirt, he put spurs lo his horse, and did not
draw rein until he came up lo one of the French pickets.
lie here finished his business in a very short time, anil
oblaining a fresh horse, proceeded to do the rest of bis
duly. He now found he had more ground to go over
than be had imagined, and when li.' relumed to the |M>st
where he had lelt his own horse, il was iimeh laler than
he could have wished. To increase his eomfiirt, a ser.
jeaiil of tirailleurs, who had the eiiiiiiiianil, assured him
tliat in spile of all the troops scattered over the coimlry,
the Spaniards were ilaily Ineoming iKihler, and showing
that they detested the French — that a commissary of thu
army, and an ofiieer of the line, had Ixen assaulted, not
many days belbre, in the very district he had lo traverse,
and had escaped being murdereil almost by miracle; and
finally, hi^ added, that even befiire the French invasion,
the place bore a bad name for robbers. The young iSea-
jxililan thought his friends had Isen ralher unluiky in
the choice of their shooting ground; but he could hardly
fancy breaking his eiigai'ement, and late as it was, ho
mounted his own steed, which was by this lime well re-
tresheil, and set olf at a liand.gallop liir the glen where
he had left them. The ohI Polish trooper, who had heard
the ilialogue lictween his master and the serjeani, woiihl,
of a certainly, have ralher rtbroimae chcmiii ; but he was
accustomed to danger, he was piipied too by the set.ming
inditl'crencc lo il in Don Francesco, and he could not con.
eeive (he had yet lo learn what the ,S|>aiiiards were) that
the |K-asanlry would dare to attack an olliccr of rank no
near the French fiirccs.
They reached the glen where they had left the two
Frenchmen in s.afi'ly, but il was dark, aud when they
rode up to what they li:iil taken in the inoriiing for a vil-
lage, nearly every while s|x>l, instead of Ixiiig a house,
was a calcareous rixk. 'i'liere were, however, among
these deceptive projeelions some half (hizeii of miserable
collages, where Don Francesco confidently ex|xeleil to
find his iViemls; but where, on enquiry, he fiiiind Iheiii
not, and if the words of tlic inhabitants were to he taken,
no such persons had Ixen seen there since the mnrniiig.
Rather inclined lo lie angry at his friends tor their want
of punetiiality, lliHii to eusixct any thing had hiip|K'iied to
them, Don Francesco was alsiul lo turn his horses' head,
when an old goatherd addressed liiiii, and tohl him be had
seen the Iwo si rangers cross llie hills al the lop of the gh;ii,
and that donblhss Ihey would Ik' fiiiiiiil al a farm-house
ill that direction — not more than a good league ofl", wlicro
the giuno was must abundant.
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UVUS <)!' IIWDITTI AM» ROnitntS.
'.' '■f'.Ci
It'^i*
S|iirilr(l un liy lljis liili lliuriiici', the yiiinif N'('n|nilit,'in
tfHtk Mil- flirt'i-li'iii |H)iiilril iitil (i> liiiii, jtiKJ, ilnrkiT hikI
ilaikci' llii>iii;li II In liiiiit'. III' niid Ills lollnwir ciiiitrivrd
to iiiiikf ir<«Hl sprcil tiir liniriiii hour, whni tliry thoiin-|)t
(hry oii;:ht to iir iirar tlic 5;iiil tiirin-hoiiHC. Hut wIk-ii
they slirkciud Ihrir |i.iir, iiiul |i(rri<l throii;,'li tin' iii^rhl-
!;looiii, mill lislcnnl to r.'ilili, il' it iiii;,r|il In , the linrkln;;
1)1' II iloi;, or tin' tiiikliii^r ImIIh ot" a sliir|i-lolil, or any
lliiii)r to iiiMiiiiiiiir tlir iiriirhlioiirhoil of a tiirni or a rol-
la^'r, tiny roiilil sri' iKilhiiiy^, liiil that the roiijrii path
thi'v hail hitherto rolloweil now lo^^t ilsill' in a laliyrinlli
of oilier piitli-i, and nolliiiiir in the world loiild they hear
liiiltli<-jiaiitin<;ot°tlii ir horses a ml the iiiiiriniir ot'lhrni^rlit-
wliiil anion!; the liriish-wiKid that );rew on every side iil"
• lieni. 'I'he eoiiiilry also seeinrd to he wilder and innre
desolate even than that tliey had lell — and a eoimtry more
treeless, houseless, iinenllivMti d, li;irieii,aiid utterly deso-
lote, than that round Madrid, is seareely to lie loniiil ill
KiiroiH'. Don l-'raiKeseo, liowevi r, was not to lie turned
back; and, iiidecit to ijo liaik to the pickets, or to attempt
reachin;; t he caiiloiiincnls, would now liavel«'eii asdiiricnll
iiR to tind out the larin-lioiise. lie did, theretore, what is
Jicrliaps as wise a tiling as a man. can do iiiuU-r such eir-
(•iimslaiiccs, he threw tlic reins on liisliorsc*s neck, and let
liini <'lioosc his own wav. The saiiacinus creature liad not
ffoiH' tar, wlieii he drew up his head, and then threw out
liis nostrils, and then iii'ii,rhed, and the ninment after a little
Kliniineriiii,' liijlit jjavcan additional proot'tliat they were
near some hahilalion. " It is the rarni-houso wc are
seeking'," lhoii;r|it the youns man; ami !,'oin}r on in the
direction ot' the lijrlit, they soon linind Ihiinselves iM'lore
a loiiL', low wall, in wliieli, aller jrropinir tor some lime,
they loiind a stMUfT wooden irate. As they struck upon
this, the lisjlit tlisap|K'iired — then they heard a slif;ht
noise — and the liirht n'-a|ip<ared, hut lower down than il
had licen set n iM'forc. They then heard the sounds ot'
the o]H'niii;j ot* a door, and then a liirhl was wen ap-
proachiii}.'- Iheiii. Nolhini; doiililinir hnl that his t'riends
were within, Mon F'ranciseo now called out their iiaines.
'I'here was no answer i^iveii ; hut presenlly the irate heliire
which he stooil was iniharred, and lliev^were aihnilted
into ail open yard, which seemed to have slahliiiir and
hariis round tlirce ot'ils sides, from the readiness with
which they had ijained adinittancc, hotli iiiasti r and man
were enntiriiicd in their o|iiiiioii tiiat their I'riiiids niiist
he there, and rctin il to rest ; and they asked no questions,
until thi'ir coudiielor, an oUl Spaniard, led them In the
door of the hoii.sc, on whose threshold there sIimiiI aii-
otluT Spaniard, who sceiiied to wear a hospitahie smile
on his countenance. .Vl'ter a courteous salutation, the
yonnt; nlVner asked whether there were not two I'Vcnch-
men within.
They were nut — they had not Im'cu seen — hut had
ihev come, there would have U'cn a welcome I'nr thi'iii,
nK there was for those caballeros who now arrived, was
the reply.
'I'he ti'llow's manners were (jood; there seemed an air
of milihiess and rev|M('taliilily almiit him — the niirht
witlioiit was as dark as ever, and a cold rain, that had
been thicati'iiiii'.' liir sonic time, now heijan to pell most
pitilessly; so vvisliiii^' his I'riends, wlienver they iiiif;lil
be, as civil a host and as :rood a lodijinir as he seemed to
have liirhted uiioii, he ijavc his horse to his orderly, and
walked in. The apartment had nothing; remarkable
nlKiiit it. lis ininiites were, an old woman, another mall,
whose couiiteiiaiice was not very prepossessinir, hut not
niiii'h wihier or more forhiddiii;; than the )rencral run of
tlie diiijiy Castilian |)easants, and to these was prisently
added, iMsides the host who had entered w itli Don Fran-
cesco, a yoiniir and rather pretty (rul, who seated herself
nc,\r the lire, wliieh burned In the centre of tile riHini.
To her, of course, the youii(r soldier's attention was
iirescnily turned, lie saw her lean her head on both her
innds, as thoiiijli siilli liiij; from p.iin ; and tiieii he saw,
or laneied he saw, that she looked iil him now and then —
looked at him with nncii-iiii ss. I'lihaps, however, this
only Ktruck him alhrwarils.
A.s an Italian, whose laiiL'Uafre is itself .so like In the
Spanish, Don Krancrsco had not had nmeli dillienlty ill
leiirnini; the latter idiom : he had now, moreover, U'cii
Ronu months in the cnuntrv, and lieinir rather of a literary
turn, he had paid some allention to its iHioks and (iraiii-
inar, iS;r. — tliinsrs which the Kreiieh were very «/;( to
despise. And then the Krencli, (.reiierally, as we nil know,
have a icmarkuble inaptitude liir laniruaires ; so miieh so,
that there was not one in a thousand amoiijr them, who,
even atbr se\eral vears' rcsideni'i in Italy, could express
himself in that Ix anlifiil toiifrne with luiy thin).'' like pro-
priety "f idiom or aeei 111.
As lie s|Hike to tlicni, the Castilinnn made the rcninrk
with aRtonislunciil, that Don l''r.inccKCo spoke Buch
Spanish as they had never heard from the immth <if n
I'll iichman.
" I am no I'leiiehman," said he.
This assertion exidentlv prndnced a conndcrabli' ctl'ei t :
the Spanish i;irl ti.xcd hi ■: Ingr black eyes on liiin ; the
man, who w cined the iiiasler of the hou.'-c, .iskcd him nl'
what country then lie was.
W hen he replied he v\ . s an Italian, the host rejoined,
"Oil, then you arc half a Spaniard — but yon arc here
wilh the rrench army aller all !"
As Don I'ranceseo was thinkin;; he did not altoircthcr
like the tone with which the last words were proiioimii il,
and the cxpiession of lountcnance tliat nccompanied
them, his I'olisli trofi|ii'r, who had Ihcii busy with the
horses, came in, and stepping up to liis ina.sler, whispered
in Krencli, " I ho|ic, sir, \\f have ijot into lliendlv ipiar-
ters — hilt there is something: I don't quite limcv — there
arc several desperate lookin;: fellows in the stable, and I
am iiliuost sure, the olil froalheid wlio direeti d us hilhi r
is one anioii^' them I"
Start lid as he was at this Inlornialion, the younj' soldier,
however, preserved his presence ot' mind : he li It that if
they had really fallen into a trap, escape hy foric was
utterly impraclicalile ; and that the best tliiiifr he oonhl
do, was to keep a watchful eye on his liiends within the
house, and to tranipiillise bis tinlhtiil companion, who
inifrht be on his yiiard as to what was (loinjr on without.
So, atrectinir to treat liirhtly the troo[M'r's suspicions, and
only telliiiir him to keep the saddles on the horses, niid
to have tluir reins ready on tin ir necks, he ■rave him part of
the siip|Kr and wine his host hail proviilcd, and disniis.sed
him, with a recoiiimeiidation toslccp ns li(rhtly as thou;;li
he were picketed in the field with the enemy close U'liire
him. W'hiii' hi: tiMik his own supmT, Don Francesco
eonliiiucd his lonversation v\ itli the Spaniards. So quiet
and Well dis|Hised did they all ajraili sccin, that his ap-
prehensions almost entirely let) him, and he ta.veil him-
self with liilly liir havin^i: sii,s|K.'cled any evil ut their
hands.
it was by this time wa-vinff late — two of the Stmniards
and the old woman hail retired one by one, very devout Iv
wisliiii;; him '• III hill, -1,1 iiiii-iii\" and tliat the saints miflil
Uiiaril him. The youiiii ;.'irl liiiirered still, hut she, too,
withdrew at last. Don Friuiieseo Ihcii i iiqiiiri d his wav
iir the morrow's jonrney, niid cxprcssinj.'' his intentioii
if seltiiii.' off at daybreak, heijjr, d to he shown to his
place ot' rest. His complacent host rcirrcttcd that his
ecommodalions were not iHtter, and led him up a
tolleriiii; wimmI. n slairia.-c, or rallicr a broad-stepped
ladder, into a larne dark room, which .seemed to prolonj;
itself o\ir part ot' the stahlinir. 'I'here was a narrow
window at each end ot' I be room, from one of which he
fanci.'d the lij;lit that first allraetcd him must have pro.
eeedid. The lloor of tin room was partly covered with
u:raiii and household provisions, hut near the liirther end,
to which they advanced, tin re were two low coiiclies,
me of which was already occupii d by somehodv with a
larire Spanish capote thrown over him. The host, piit-
tiiu; his tinsrcr to his mouth, as if to prevent talkinjj,
which miirlil disturb the sle('|K'r, pointed to the mattress
ill the op|iosile corner ; and no sooner had Don Francesco
thrown his mililarv cloak n|ioii it, than whispcriiijr him a
ifood iiicht, the host instantly withdrew, and curried the
lamp with him. As he dcsernded the ladder, he drew u
trap-door iilKr him, and the yoiiii); soldier hcnrd llic
noise, as if of a sliiliiiir holt, to secure the door.
This jarred impleaKaiitly on Mow F'rancesco's ncrvcH.
Instead of llirowin(f himself at once on the couch, lie
jrrasped his pistols, which he had kept almiit his |M'rson,
and draw ini; liis sword, <rropcd his way to the upper end
of the riioiii by which he had entered. The iiiten.se dark-
ness of the iiisiit had somewhat almti d — a jilimincrinir
of unei'rtaiii lif;lil penelraled thronsih the low narrow
windows whieli wire opposite to cai II other, iiiid It'll on
two small spaces of the lloorin^r, but all the rest of the
li.n^' room was wrappid in a irlooni so dense, that he could
not see the bri^rhl lilaiic ot' the wea|Km he lieid in his
hand. \\ illi some dillicully he piloted liiuiself tliroiijrh
Ihe heleni).'eiieous materials that encumbered the opart-
iiii lit, and hy kiiei lini; down and I'eelinu' the rou!;b boards
with his hand, he detic ted an iron rint; whielL raised the
lra|i-doiir. To his surprise and reliif, when he applied
his aim':: strenjrth to this, the door opined at once, and
proved his ear had ilercivcd him as to it.s iM'ini; liisteiied.
lie aijain thoiiLrht himself a liiol for harlKiurinir suspicion;
lint 111 iiar nluiniiif; to his resliiiir-placc, he listened a
livv sieomls at the ii|K'rtiire he had niaile by only par-
tially lillinsj up the door. At first all was silent as
Ihoiii'li he had held his car over an o|K'ned toiiili, and
then he heard the low niiinnurini; of « voice liclow as if
in prayer. linconrngcd by the latter circuinstaiicc, and
fully decidinij once more that he was ill the hanils i.f
!.'ood honest |K'opli', hcfrroped bis way liack to the ci mji.
Still, however, spite of bimsell', there was a liiiui'rii)i; ,,|
iloiibt and suspicion, and bctore he llircw«liinisi If i.ii l,i,
mattress, he crept across the rnoin to the side of his Klii|t
inir conipanioii. Whoever this was, he ^eeiucd to slii|,
most iH'acefully — with his capote drawn over his lii';ii|,
not even bis lircathinii' could be heard.
" Pi'oplii do not .kleep this way in n den of robbers ,ii;,|
mnrderers," thoniriit Don Fraiicesio, who at len^'Hi
wrapped his own mantle about him and laid liii>i~i>|j
down. All remained quiet — be tboujjht a little of tin.
events uf the day, and his disappoinlment, nnd n(;aiii
hoping (hat his unpunctiial friends had come In no
harm, and had found as pood loil(;inf;s ns he had ili)iii>,
he gave way to fatiijnc nnd drowsiness nnd was fallin;
asleep — when he was suildenly slnrled by the ereiiliin^.
of a door, (jiiick ns he was, before he grasped Ins
sword and pistols and ruse to his feet, a door, which Ic
lind not observed in the darkness, was opened liclwri'n
i:iin and the bed on the opposiie side of the room, ami 5
little yellow lamp, ns though of a li{.'lit screened, ruslicj
into the nparlmcnt.
'I'lionjjh the prospect of a hopeless strujrRlo noit
presented itself, and the chill of despair tijll on liu
heart, Ihc yoiiiijf soldier levelled his pistol willi \
steady aim, and had nearly pressed the ready tri^'ii-,
when he snw that tliij fimiVe which stole into the ri-in
was that of the yoiiiif; Spanish damsel, whose eoiiiliic;
and looks below stairs had atlrncted his attention.
"Stranger!" said she in a fearfully agitated whisiicr,
" put up your arms nnd follow inc— there is hnrdlv a
minute belween yon nnd murder I"
"All! is it .sol'" Kaid the young man, gasping liit
breath.
"You will bo the first guest that leaves this iiHim
alive,"' said the girl ; " liul haste, or you will be tai
late !"
"Then let me rouse also this man who sleeps »
soundly," said Don Francesco.
"Think of yoursell'— he needs not yonr care!" saiil
llie girl.
J')veii ill that extremity of danger the bravo sniilier
could not reconcile hiintelf to the thought of Icaviiioi
lellow crealnie to the knili', and he sIcpiMil to the ulhcr
side of the room. The treiiihliiig girl moved with liiiii.
drew the capote from the body, and holding down lltf
lamp she held, and Inrniiiguway her own eyes, discliwd
lo those of Don Francesco the ghastly couiitenuiicc of
one of the young I'lenehmen he had been in .searili nf.
As lo what pas.sed after this horrid disclosine,— ns
lo his feelings or his actions, fiir some seconds, tie
young man could never render an nceount. WlialU
first recollceled was standing at the head of a fliglili:'
rough stone steps that descended from what appcawl
lo be n liaylofl into the courtyard, with the SpiiniJi
i;iil poinling to the wall that enclosed the court. Wlale
standing here listening to the directions the girl wn
giving him, as to the road be was to take to rcaili
.Madrid — he heard the well-known voice of his poo:
liiithful trooper niter n French exclnnintion, anil I'o
iie.xt instant tlio report of a carbine shot, and then tlii'
noise of a deadly seutlle proceeded from that partol'liit
si able which now seemed to be imnicdiately bunealli liii
iect.
"Oh, fly! — if is your only liojie — may God go wilk
yon !" niultcred the agonised girl, slill pointing to tlie
wall. More'than half stupificii, Don I'rnnceseo errpl
down the stone steps; but us ho ileseendcd, he sowi
man who hud come out from the lower npartniiiit f
from the slnhle, advance across the courtyard In lli'
narrow space lielween the foot of Ihe stnirsand llio \'M
of the outer wall of the f'urm ho had to climli. 11)
llieii heard a long heavy groan — and then four nuri
.Spaniards e:iiiic out and joined the man ho linil jii-t
seen. " The dog of a l'"rcnehiiiaii is done for,'' saiil
one, whose voice seemed lo be that of the liosl, " hnl Ir
has wounded mo sorely in the arm. (iuiek, hnttPifi'
the noise will have awakened his master, and wc »W
have troiihio in despatching him I"
Don I'ranceseo turned his head — tho light nnil lit
girl VNere gone — the door ut the top of tho sfiiirriK
seemed closed; but dark as il was, nnd though lie had
now croiichcd in the Hiimllest compass possible iimln
the rude sloiie liallustraile that ran along one side nl Hii
steps, he dreaded they must discover him even I'l*"
below as he lay there, for by this lime one of llii- "»
hnd brought out a lamp.
"lie remniiifl quiet, however, as yet," whi»pe'*l
another voice below; " iierhapi) the report of tho fbllon'i
gall lias nil
III mice." '11
slip of tho St
(liri'ctioii, and
li.ue escaped
shriek was he
a vnii e cried
Siiuiiiards, fai
nlte:iiptiiig hi:
11.111 Fraileese.
the feint wlii
nllllpil dlllVll III
ililliriilty, and
S|mt.
'I'lioiigh out
r.llt nf d.iiigcr.
siieeilily piirsiu
iiiiriil, and in
Iriivf rsed, he ci
his young dclii
n'Ciies of dan;;
riiiiii which he
liiiii' he heard t
llie dark healli.
»|iprnacli — on
liiiiiler, until tin
must lie inimei
Tims encouraiii
3 nnd ran fiir a loi
J ii|i|ireliciisioii nn
>.4 lirniight to a pat
'2 riglil lielbrc bin
was not a tree, a
liiin from his
liutt'over, he hn
wrapping hinise
gruimd, hoping I
Hint of the liei
disu.nercd. Thi
nearer; ho saw tl
where he lay.
sirui'k him. It
villains in their
steed, which, if i
certain lo belra
tlnis he would I
searching eyes of
liis sword was oi
iiii retreat down 1
with the resiiliilio
iMraiitt'hile the
cln.ie, that at one
over; liiit tlicy ji
disi'nvering him.
.louadsoflhe hoofs
dicdflway on lii.s
ward liir some tini
% this time tin
|"'iir. I.iglit, how
lliat mniiotoiious, 1
til find his way, h
still persisted in I
tliini. He had ru
overi'iime by fitign
nn the ground. I
liis journey, and so.
i^i'i'iiicil a freqiiente
(linelinii he should
measured sounds ol
ln'iil his bend to ti
I'mm^di Ihnt if wius
liV. Cheered by tl
way, nnd in nboiit 1
inl'i fulness of light
Inn' him, with a del
'in ;n iiiilskirls. Si
llii' village, where li
anil ciiiiirailes. Hi,.
i'i.in nl'proeecdiiig a
passed ere he wns si
niiillii'id the troops
tiiiial.'ly, ton, there
"liat Willi (he dillici
lii'^t nn filse scents, i
rw.i) drew up the I
"liii'li, friim Ihe littl
"lisriirily of the pri
;lir.l whieh he hnd c>
ill >iiiii, the soldiers 1
call'. '\'\iv door of' 1
^uriJ liy a latch, am
SPANISH UIIKiANUS.
11
ill tlir liiimis (,!'
cU til till' i-( lull,
4 a rni;;i'riii'.' m
'•liiiiiyi ll' nil I.I!
(iilc of Ills sli I |L
noeiiK'il t(i sill |,
II ovrr Ills laaii,
II ofrnliliiTs ai.J
will) ill \i'":'
lul bill liiiu-.
it n lilllc 111' lilt
lu'iil, mill iil-'a"!
mil romo to no
lis lio liiiil il™ P,
I ami «'as I'lillin;
by the criakiin'
he graspi'il Ins
a door, wliii'li Ic
opriicd bftwoia
"llio room, Mill r.
scroeiit'il, ruslicil
is BtriiflElo noit \
spair loll "ii Ins
s pistol willi
lie ready tri^'<:i
ole into llie rwn I
:1, whose comhici
satleiitimi.
agitated w|iis|ifr, I
Ihuru is liardly i
niHii, gnspiiii; Inr Kij
leaves lliia ii«i»i I
r you will he Iw I
111 w lio Bleeps so I
your earc !" saij
the bravo mlilipil
ought of leiivliia »
[ep|M'd lo the ollior I
ll moved with liiin, I
holding down IIb'|
n eyes, dit^rlii-oil I
ly eoiintenaiice cil
leen in search if. [
ll diselosiiio,— ;.;
ioine seeoiid:i, the |
.■uiiiil. Wliali.f
head ol'a lliglil.:'!
mi what np|u!:iKill
till the h!piiiii-li|
he court. Wli
.is the girl »a<|
to take lo rciitil
voice of his I'dom
Illation, nnd I'tl
liol, and tlicnlliel
111! that part 1)1" lilt I
liately beneatli liiij
iny God go wil
11 pointing lull* I
l-"ranec»co crcpll
eended, he so«i|
er npartniiiit orl
courtyard In lli'l
lairs and llie l''l|
I to elinili. ll(|
then four iiiwl
man ho Jinil ju-'l
s done for,"' mH'l
the host, "liiillifl
Huick, hnwrvfiT
ster, and we »W1|
ho light nml ''"I
of tlio FtiiifMl
|iil though lioWl
|M)ssililo mill"!
Iiig one side orilill
Ir him even t'nml
|e one of 1 1"' ""I
yel," wlii«li»'^l
liorl of llio follos'l
iniii 111!-' not awakened him — lei iik up, and finish him
al iiiice." ') li<: speaker's loot seemed to he on the tirsi
sli M M' the stiiiio stairs, the light moved ill the same
illrielioii, and it was im|K)ssih!e Don I'Vaiicesco could
have eyiaped another moment, when a shrill fcimile
■iliriek was heard iit the opjiosilu end of the liousn, and
ii voiie cried "'I'lie Kreiiehiimn I'" " The olUeor 1" The
Siiaiiiarili, I'aiieying llieir aroused vieliiu was there
niliviipting his escape, rnslicd in that direction ; whilst
p.iii Kraiiiesco, imderstandiiig and availing himself ol
llie feint wliieh ovidniitly proiM'edod from the girl,
riliilod down the stairs, vaulted over the wall willi some
(iilliciilty, and ran with all his speed from tho accuriiod
sj)!)!. , •
Though out of their lair, he was still fir from hciitu;
Mil iif dinger. They had horses, and would no doiihl
siiocilily pursue him ; and then, in the darkness of the
iiiijlit, ami in ii wild country he had never before
iniversed, he could not tell whether he was (ollowing
his young deliverer's directions, or running into fresh
HOiies of danger — jierhaps returning on the very den
I'liiiii wliii'h he had eseajH'd. Inilced, in ii very short
liiiii' lie liearil the hollow, rapid beat of horses' lioofs on
ihe dark heath. The sounds did not, however, seoiu to
ii|i|iriiMih — on tho eoulrKry, they waxed fainter and
rujiitcr, until they died away in the direeliun ho fancied
iiiust lie immediately opposite fo that ho was taking.
Thus encouraged, he summoned U|> all his strength,
and ran li)r a long lime ; but the returning agony of his
nppreheiisioii may be conceived, when lie was suddenly
liriiiiglit to a pause by hearing the sound of horses' t'eet
right l)eH)rc him, and iidvaiicing to meet him. There
wa.i not a tree, a bush on the wide open heath to conceal
hiin from his blood-thirsty pursuers. Fortunately,
liDweicr, he had retained his dark grey cloak, and
wrapping liimsell' in this, he laid himself flat on the
gruiiiid, hoping that its ccdour, which Hssiinilaled with
lljiit of the heath, would prevent him from being
disoovereil. The galloping liorses came nearer and
nearer; he saw them lake the very direction of the spot
where ho lay. And now another dreadful thought
siruik him. It might very well bo that ouo of the
villains in their haste had inouiited his own favourite
steed, which, if it came near where ho lay, was almost
certain to betray hln, by stopping or neighing, and
thus lie would ho discovered, even if ho osca|)eil the
siarcliingeyesof the murderers, lie grasped his pistols:
his sword was out of its sheath, as it had been siiiee
lii.1 retreat down the stairs of the liou.se, and thus ho lay
with the resohition lo sell his life dearly.
Meanwhile the lior.semeii came close upon him — so
chise, thai at one lime ho ihoiighl he should Ijo riilden
over; hut lliey pas.seil the s|iot wlierc he lay without
disiovering him. lie remained supine as he was till the
soundsof the liuof's and the villains' dreadful imprecatioiis
dicdnway on his ear, when ho rurv, and again ran for-
ward liir sDino time at the top of his speed.
liy this time the fir.st rays of morning began to ap-
|sar. Light, however, was of little serviee^to him in
lliat inoiiotoiious, mikuown country, as lo assisting him
Id find his way, hut, on the contrary, if his pursuers
still persisted in their search, it wouM beiniy him to
thiiii. lie had run himself out of hrenth, and was so
oviTiniiie by fitigue, that he was obliged to throw himself
on the ground. Having rested for awhile, he resumed
his JDiiriiey, and soon came to a toh'rahly good, and what
si'i'iiied a ficipieiited road. As he hesitated here what
direelinii he shoiihl now take on tliis road, the di.stiuit,
niiMsured sounds of a drum faintly struck his ear ; he
lieiil his head to the earth, mid then heard distinctly
ciiniigli that it was a I'reneh drummer iH'atiug the reveil-
liT. {'Iieered by these welconie tones, he pursued his
w.iy, and in ahoiit a quarter of an hour, as day broke
into fulness of light, he saw a low, little village close he-
fiirr him, with a (letiehment of I'Veneh tioiips luiustering
'in ;;s imlskirts. Setting up a shout of joy, he ran on to
the village, where he was presently sale among tVieiiils
mill eoiiiriides. His tale of horror was soon told, and a
jiliin of proeieding arr.inged ; but mure than two hours
|visseil ere he was snllieieiitly refreslud loinomila horse,
and lie id the troops ill search of Ihe assassins. I'lifor-
Iniialily, too, there was no cavalry on the spot; and
wimt willi the dillieiilty of retriieing his steps, and time
liwl on false scents, it was near noon when Don Fran-
ri'sii) drew up the troops In-fore a solit.iry larni-house,
wliirli, I'liim the little he had been able to see of it in tlii'
(ilisrnrily of the preeeiling night, he lliouglit must be
thr.l which he had esea|M'd from. Aller having shouted
ill vuiii, the soldiers sealed the walls, and Imr.^t ojieu the
|!.':ilo. The door of the dwelling-house was merely se-
mnd liy ,t lalcli, and when liu entered it, if tho absence
of every inniate had not been proof inoiigh, Don Fran-
eeseo i oiild have sworn lo the apartment. He rushed
up the ladiliT to the aeeiirsed li)l\, e.\peetiiig to liiiil the
body of his friend, but il was gone, and no trace of litnod,
or of any thing eoimeeled with him, was Nil there. Some
of the .soldiers meanwhile had gone into the stable.s,
which they liiund as empty as the rest of the house — all
the horses bad Ihcii removed, as also the Isidy of the
poor Pole; hut on some straw, ill a corner of the stalde,
they found a Utile (hidI of blood. This was Ihe only evi-
dence oririme the premises retained. On hulking over
Ihe house, it was diseovered lh;it Ihe provisions, and iii;ar.
ly all the portable articles of household fiirnilure, (li'W,
and simple enough in Spain !) had been carried oil*, ll
was vain to think of pursuing the fugitives ; they liiilnl
in their search atler the bodies ol'tlie young oliieer and
the Pole; and then Don I'Vaiieesco inarelu'd his men to
the hilts where, on Ihe preceding night, he had siiokeii
with the goatherd. The huts were as empty as the
farm-house !
To eolicliide a long story, the murderers were never
caught. The eonipanion of the niiirdereil I'Venehmaii,
and the boy that had aeeompanied them, weri' ii< ver
more seen or heard of; and it was snpposeil that, sepa-
rated by accident, or the design of the Spaniards, from
his friend, this second rrinehman nut the late of the
tirst, and that the guide also was killed.
I set aside two or three horrible and disgusting stories
of Spanish robbers to make' room for the tiillowing inte-
resting anicdote, ((^ommuiiieated to me by my kind aii<l
talented friend Mr. Brockedon,) which shows them in a
U'tter light.
A short time after the French war, and the restoration
of Ferdinand VII., whose conduct made many of the
loose guerilla parties continue out in the country as bri-
gands, ail Knglish merehanl arrived one evening at a
small mean town, at the liiot of the Sierra .Aloreiia. In
the po.sada of the place where he took up his lodging lor
the night, he met a Spaniard of a eomiiianding figur<',
and of a sharp, intelligent, but aini.ihle eounlenauee.
Much struck with his ap|H'arance, the iJiiglislunan en-
tered into conversation with him, and was still more de-
ligliled by his frank spirited styh' of aildress and talking.
Het'ore supper was ready, the two ha<l established that
.sort of travener-iiilimaey, whi<h is not perhaps the less
delightful because it must luiisli in a t'ew bonis, and the
parlies, ill all probahilily, never meet again ; and w hen
the meal was served, they sat down to it together, each,
apparently, iin.vious to know more of the other. Tliey
conversed logether during the progress of the sujiper, and
long after it was over, until the sinking and tliekering
lamps ou lli<^ table warned the ICnglishmaii it must b<
time to retire to rest. As he rose to do so, the Spaniard,
with all his former frankness and gentlemanly maimer,
asked him which way his road lay on the morrow. Tlu
Knglish merehaiit replied across the Sierra Moreiia, and
indiealed the road he meant to take.
Tlie J^paniard, shaking his head, said he was sorry liir
this, as he had reasons to sus|m'cI that that very road at
that very nioimnl was beset by robbers, from whosi
numhers and activity there was no escapt^
The FngU.slniiau confessed that this was unpleasant
news, particularly as the ullairs tlial called him towards
Madrid were urgent.
" Hut cannot you stay wliire you arc a day or two .'
replied tlieS|ianiard ; "by that time they may liave shiftnl
their ground, and you may pass Uie mountains without
meeting them."
The lOnglisliman re|>eali'd that his business was nr
gent, saiil he was no coward, that he ha<l lutherto travel-
h'd in S|iain witliuiit any misadveiiture, and hoped still
to do so.
" Hut, iny gofHl Senor," replieil the Spaniard, " you
will not cross the moiintains lo.morrow without being
robbed, lake my word liir that !"
" Well, il' it mii.-.t be so, let them rob me," said tin
Mnglish mercbaiil ; " 1 have little moiiey to lose, and
they will hardly take the life of an unarnied aiid unre-
sisting man '."
" Tliey have never been accustomed so to act — let it
he .said to the honour of the hand, they are not such cow-
ardly assassins," replied the Spaniard, who was then si-
lent, and seemed to be musing to himself.
The Engli.shmaii was beginning to call up one of the
.servants ol' the posada, to show him lo his resting place,
when his eonipanion, raising his hand, said,
" .N'ol yet, Seiior, nut yet! listen I" nn<l he conliniied
in an under tone. " It was my fortune some time since
lo have to cross Ihe Sierra Morena, alone, like you; il
was occupied then as now, by the Siitlcadorm ; but 1
met u niau, also aluiic, as you have met me, who said he
had rendered the captain of Uie hand some ser\ii'i', and
that he eoiilil iriv,. oi,. a pass wliieb siinuld cmim' iiiv |ht-
soii and my jiroiM-rlv to be respntid bv llie rulilurs, and
enable me to cross the iihnmlitius wiili piittrt s.ilitv."
" .\ miieli belter Ihiie,' lliis lliaii a kiii!,'s passport,"
said the astonished lOiigUslmiuii. •' I'lnv what was il !
and ilid il sueeeed ."'
" It was only a hiitloii," replird tin Spaniard : " il did
all that had Ih'i'Ii pronitsi'il, and ptrliaps ii has not yet
lost its charm — I will u'"'' il yon. I" le it is I"
.\ller scan liiiig in his [sieki t, the S|iaiiiard prodneed
a eiiriiiii>ly-lillairri'ed silver hiilloii, and pUieed il in the
hands of the Kiiglishiiiaii, bi ;.'!riii(r him lo lie can lid of
it, and to presinl it lo any rolilii rs lliat might att;ieU him
in the Sierra.
" Unl were i/oii really attaeki d on your joiirpey ."'
nipiiri d the merehanl.
" The button was res|ieeted by all the rubbers I met,
and I believe 1 saw them all," said the Spaniard ; " but
isk no more i|iiislioiis, and tike lari' of the liiillon ; to-
iiorrow villi will see win tin r il have lost its charm."
With many Ihaiiks, the l'aii;lislmi.iii liKik his leave,
mil went lo Isil. (hi Ihe tiillowing morning, win n he
I'ontiniii'd his jiiiirney, Ihe silver buttiin ran in his head
for Slime time, lint it was nut until noon, as he was toil-
ing up one of the most rnggid of Ihe miiimlain paths,
that he had Ihe oppiirlnnily of trying its virtue. There
his guide, who rode beliire him, was sndileiily knocked
oft' his mule, by a blow from the hutt-end of a ninsket,
and till' next instant three other guns were levelled at
the Fnglishman's breasi, by men who stepped from be-
hind a rock. The attack was so sudden, that his ideas
and reeoHiclion were disturbed, and be |ml his hand ill
his po( ket, bronght out his purse, and di livered it to the
roblHTs, who were c„lling him all sorts of opprobrious
names, heliire he thought of his silver lnillon. Ihit when
the reeolleet ion came lo bis mind, and he prodncid il,
iimeli diiiihtiiig of its eHieaey,tlie oaths ol'the Salteadores
were stopped at once, as lliongh a saereil relic had In en
held hel'oic llieir <yes; they retiiriied liiiii his purse,
earnestly entreated his pariion for all that hail happened,
and intiirmi'd him that it was their luimiiliu diilv to .see
the hearer of that button sali' across llie muinil.iiiis. Ac-
cordingly, on went the merehaiit willi the hiigands for
his guard, he blessing the silver hiillon, and tin v show-
ing him I'very po.i.si!.le attintioii and respect. I in llieir
way they mi I with oilier rolibi rs, which proved how liir-
midalde was the band, and how ini|ioshilile il would have
been to escape them willnml the eharmed biitliiu.
At length they came lo a low, solilarv house in ,■) will!
dell, far away from the beaten path aeioss the Sierra,
which tiny liail ahaiidoneil liir rucks that seemed never
to li:,ve been trodden. Here the nicrehant was told he
might sto|) and refresh himself. .Nothing lutli, be dis-
mounted and turned to ihe ihior, when his eompanioii at
the posada of the preceding evening — the donor of the
magical hiittoii — met him on the threshuld, with Ihe
words and the gestures ot'an hospitable welcome I His
dress was changed — In' now wore a splendid kind of iiiii-
liirm, the jaekil of which was of velvet, embroiili red with
gold, hut the Kiiglishman rccugniseil his commanding
tigure and impressive euimtenance ill all inslunt, and
gavi' him his hand as a frii nil.
"I got here heliire yuu," said the captain of the ban-
ditti, for siieli in fact was the donor of the button, "ami
have prepared a gooil dinner for yon. In iiig very ci rtaiii
that what I gave you last night would bring you iu
sal'ety under my roof."
The Fuglishman expressed !iis gratitude, and they sat
down to dine. The bandit's dishes were savoury and
irnod, and his wiiii^ was Istter. As the wine wanned Ihe
I'higlishmnii, he again expressed his gratitude, and then
ventured lo say how astonished he was that a person of
his host's manners, and oin pahle of such kind and
generous feelings and actions, could lead such a kind of
lil'e.
The rohlnr drew his hand across his dark brow and
fiery eyi s, and said,
"These are times when lliieves and Irailurs thrive iu
the royal court and tin.' otliees of government, and honest
patriots are driven to the highway. As ii guerilla, I
shed my Idood for my country, liir my king', wilio, win u
he returned, would have left me to st.irve or lo beg I
Ihit no matter — this is no business of yours. I met you,
liked your manners, and have saved yuiil — that is
enough I say no more!"
The I '.iig lislmmn of course desisted, and soon after rose
to take his leave. The captain, who leiovi red his gmid-
hiiniiiur, tohl him he should have an escort yd a little
furllier, and be put iu flic route he wished lo I'oUow. The
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112
MVEH OF ll.VNUIITTI AND ItOUBKIlS.
p..
>!(■'■:
'/ '>'.'i
r-'..^
i
ivT ■ ■ ii
>v>j
mcrdiaiit wduIcI tlicii liavi' rctiiriictl itic silver butloii, hiil
the niliU'r iiisisti'd on liis k('i'|iiii{r il.
" You, or Koiiic fritiKi ot'yiiiirH, iiiiiy liavr to |iiish tliis
way afraiii," said lie, "and wlincvrr liiis tlu' ImllMii to
priiducc will li(j r(s|K'Ctcd as you liaTc liccii ris|H(li(l I
(Jo with <;n<l ! and say iiolliiiij; as to what has hainn'md
lit'tw'ii'ii you and nu^ and mind Adios!"
'I'll! niirrliant's fiircwrll was an carni'sl and corilial
one. (inidc'd by the brijjamJH, he soon reaihrd ihr ln'aliii
road on the o|)|M)sil(' side of the nioimtains, and woidil
tlicre have jiven llieni some money fiir the trouble he
ha<l caused them. 'I'hey said they had Iheir eaptain's
strict eonimanils ajrainst this — they would not aecept a
ri'al, liul lell him, wisbiu;; him a happy journey.
Some linn', I bilieve some years, alter Ibis adventure,
the I'lnirlish mereliani heard, willi deep regret, that Ihi
Spanish robin r eliief, whom be deseriNd as bein(f one ol'
the handsomest i^u n he bad ever IhIuIiI, had been be-
trayiil into Ihe hands of ■roveruuienl, and put to u eruel
and i'nioniiuious death.
S(III.M)RR.I!A\.\KS (JACK TlfK FLAYER), OU
riii: lioiiUKR Ol' Till'; rhixk.
This famous briijand, whose trial oeeupies aconspieu.
ous place aruoiur ijw niodern C'uimcs < e/f 4f M, was, nl
the lM'i;iuniuK of Ihc jiresent century, the terror of Ihe
I'nlatiiiale, and of the oilier provinces on both sides of
the Iiowcr Rhine ; and the boldness and extent of bis
dej>redations entitle him to a fo most rank in the aimals
of modern brisfandism. Weinde di k in vain for his (([ual
in northi'ru Ilurope. This man's real name was John
liuekler, ami he was born in 17711, at Mwklen, on the
rijrht bank of the Rhine. His descent and traininj;
were froinl. J lis falliir, as Ibnd of a vafrrant life as be
himself U'came, li>rs<>ok his wife and family and enlisted
in an Austrian i ( jrinnnt ; soon (rrowinjf tired of Hie
army, or of the .Austriaus, he descried fioni them, and llcil
lo the Prussian territories, where his wife and his son
John, Ihcn nine years of a(;c, joined him. The elder
liuekler oblain<'d employment as forest keeper, and was
able to send his son to scliool, where -Master John was
iuslrueled ill the Lutheran eomniunion. He might have
continued an honest lad for some time longer, but one
day, when he was about sixleen years old, a ]mbliean
entrusted liim with a whole liiuis d'or to purehusc some
Kinnggli'd brandy for llie bouse — this temptation was too
strong for the virtue of llannes, who spent the money
in a jollifieation with his comrades, and then, afraid of
Ihc coiise<piences should be relurn home, he decamped
and wandiTcd about the cnnnlry. The first thing he
ajipropriatcd lo himself, alter the publican's louts Wur,
was a horse, which he stole, carricil olF, and sold.
At this time he could hardly have entertained a proper
notion of the rights ami dignity of the iirofessioii to
which be had made a promising enough noviciate; for
the next thing be did was lo go and hire himself as a
servant and aide-de-camp to the public executioner at
Barenbach. Hannes, however, could not coin|uer his
lovcof society ; he was ahvays fond of bis glass of Rhen-
ish, and of two or three jolly fellows to drink it with.
Tliere was a butcher Ixlongiug to a neighbouring town
with the same propensities, and who iirobahly had a cer-
tain sympathy with Ihe executioner's man, arising from
a similarity of profession. The slayer of sliee|) and
oxen, and the assistant to t)ie slayer of men, soon became
very intrinsically iuliniate. Hannes swore he had not
known such a good Icllow since the lads with whom he
liad spent mine host's huis d'nr, and the butcher swore
Hapnes was a " prime one" — tit for any thing. 'I'his
buleher himself was of a certainly fit for the gallows,
for, tired of killing otluT people's sheep, or sheep he paid
the niark<'t price for, he induced -Master John to go out
and steal sheep and sell tlicm to him at Kirn — at dis
erect prices.
This contraband trade could not last long, pleasant
luid profitable as it was. Hannes was arrested and con-
veyed to jirisoii, and might have furnished some (uuploy-
inent for his master the executioner, had he not inge-
niously contrived to escape from his place of eonfmt
ment. Wandering aflerwards inthewihl regions of Ihe
Hocluvald, he fell in with Finek and Ulaek IVter, the
captains of two bands of daring outlaws, who had long
Ihcii distinguished in their calling.
The ciri:umslances of the times contributed to the
formaliou of these predatory bands, and litre, us we
have shown elsc^where, the field for their excesses had
been pri'pared by political misfortunes anil vi<:(^s, with-
out wliieh no numerous associations or fiocbooters can
long exist.
" The wars of the Kreneli revolution had raged liir
years, during which time the states Irordcring on the
Rhine were conlinually over-run by troopi, Krench and
(iernian; the field.s had lieen ravagid, tJic collages pil-
lagtd and burnt, the cntllo carried away, forced eontri-
bulions in money and In <d i x.icted; most of the land-
holders and farmers becaiin ruined, and the poorer class
of labourers and artisans were absolutely starving, and
tbesi', as a last des|>erale resource, be gan tnieving — some
lor the mere objict of supporting exisli'U" ' ; ollnrs, ani-
luali'd by a principle ot n.'O'^'e against tin armed
o|i;iressors. l)f ihe latter sort was the uolorion.'i band
of I'ickard, in ilclginm. Tlie [wlili' il state of tlic
country favoured thur inipunily. Tb. lillle (Jerman
govi'ruments, ccelesiastii ,,i .md secular, into which it w a-;
parcelled under tlie old systi ui, bad b<en ( ither suppress-
I'd hy the I'Vench, or were allowed lo drag on a precarious
exislenee, powerless and detai bed from the former im-
perial confederation. In one |>art the French laws had
suiH'rseded Ihe lierman, but wen* not yet consolidalcil
anil enlbrieil, and the siibordinale agents of justice had
U'eome remiss in their duties, from the contagious ex-
ample of general ilisordir into which society was thrmvn.
.Mechanics of all trades, vagrants, |m dlers, strolling mu-
sicians, lalionrers, woodmen, Ji'ws, formed the first band
of roblKTs that apiK'ared on the right or (ierman side of
Ihe Rhine, as early as the years IIM — i." Surely such
fatal results as these ought to have weight with the aiii-
bitious wagers of war, and witJi such as with uncertain
prospects of success would revolutionise a country. It
is not Ihe exeessi-s of Ihe army in the field that are alone
to be feared — it is iiol the passions and the vices of sol-
diers that are alone to be provided against; but the dis-
order and lieenlioiisness of a di's|)oilcd .ind cmbitlered
populace, that are almost as sure lo follow in the train of
war and revoliilion, as one wave of the sea rolls on tin
other. Uiil a Ixxik devoted to roblnrs is not likely ti
refi>rni conipierors, so let us return to the life of our
robber of the Rhine.
The daring hands among whom he fell in the wild
country of Ihe lloehwald readily admillid Hannes as
a menilKr, and soon had reason to applaud his activity,
address, and bravery. Hut alter committing various de-
predations, and such as .stealing horses (to which he
seems to have had all a Yorkshircman's parti.ility), &c.
he fell a second time into the hands of justice, and into
a prison. His good luck and talents did not, however,
desert him, and a second lime (taking some of his com-
rades in the band, now fellow-prisoners, with him) lie
contrived to escajM', by breaking through a wall of the
prison of Sarrebruck. He must have Ircii rather care-
less, or confident in his own resources ; for not long allcr
he was seized in another i>art of the country, and after
,an exaniinalion, committed to a dungeon in the strong
tower of Simmeriii.
This was the third time Master John was in prison,
ind the old proverb saith, " take care of the third time ;"
but he was as lucky as Ihougli it had lieen only his first
lie thrown with fortune. Hy means of a broken knile,
he contrived lo remove u Iniard in the wall of his dungeon
whence creeping into an outward apartment, he wrench-
I'd the iron bars from the window, and lea|K'd out from
a considerable height. He fell in his descent, and a
heavy stone, w hicli he had loosened, fell after him, and
wounded him severely in one of his legs. Spite, how-
ever, of this wound, lie managed to crawl along in the
dark lo a neighbouring forest, where he lay concealed
for two whole days, without food, and without assistance
On the third, he Ibund liis way to the smig, retired
bouse of an old associate, where his wound was dressed
and where he received all the succour and sympathy his
ease di'inanded. lie soon reoovired, and showed that his
hair-brcadtli escapes, and pains, and suff'erings, had
brought about no iienilencc. He iK-gan his career of
highway robliery and general briganilism in company
with numerous associates, who eoiilinucd to increase un
der Ihe shadow of his prrstizr, talents, and energy, and
who, for these qualities, Tiow a< knowledgcd him, not ns a
simjile comrade, but as Iheir eliief. Tlie other banditti,
and even Ihe sanguinary Hlaek Peter himself, by de.
grees, submitted lo his authority or advice. No cxiH'di-
tion of moment was planned and midertuken, save by tlie
dire<;tions of the famous jail breaker, who thus became
the soul of the complicate limly. It was now, in Ihe jile-
iiitude of his power, tliat Master John liuekler accpiircd
Ihe nanie of Schinder-hannes, or Jack the I'layer. He
was young, rather handsome, clever, as wc have seen,
and a jiupular man with the fair sex, having had sundry
love adventures of considerable eriiit. Hut his qualities
as a romantic hero wero soon increased, for he fixed his
afll'ctiong upon a pretty girl, one Julia Blocuus, whom, in
di'liaiies of the elimrli, il apjiears, h illed his u jji
The fair Julia, tJie daughter of a fiddler and lioriibloMir
of some eminence, uci'oinpanied liini oceaiiuually in hia
expeditions, dressed in male ullire.
'i'hu audiieily of Sehinder-hamies's band is almrist ia
redihle, and can only be understiHid by rcfereine to the
state of the ceuiitry, as I have described il. The tr.iVt-I.
Ids on Ihe highway did not olVei siillieient hisily ; lliiy
proceeded to force open bouses, and to attack wlioli- nl.
iages, carrying on at times a sort of regular fight with
the inhabitunls. In Ihese n|H'rations, the captain, witli
one or two of bis cleverest men, was always the first to
enter the house, having left part of his troop lo guard Ihf
ajiproaehcs, and to fire u]k>u any one who ilared to I'luii^
near. His inlrodiietory essay in this line was niadr in
Ihe year IHIIO, on the house of a gentleinau named ifir.
gel, who livi d at Olzweilcr. Sehinder-hanncs, with four.
teen of his null, armed with firelocks, suddenly ap|ii'ari.l
one night at the house of an honest miller in the ininit.
diate neighbourlKHid. They came with a gniwl a|>|Mli|. ,
and imposed on the hospitality of the miller for a giiwl
Slipper, which they ate, and then went to work — .inil, n
first, in u |Maceliil way enough, for they knocked a rai.
t.it at .Mr. Riegel's door, which was opened by that gm.
llemun's son-in-law. Selunder-hannes and two of his inm
rushed in, when their l^chaviour Iweaiiie less civil. Tl.ir
began to ilMreatthe inmates, and threatened .Mrs. Riisil
with death if she did not reveal where the money wni
concealed. Hut still worse followed; fiir while iJie gi^-i
lady was shrieking in the hands of the robbers, her lm<.
band, trying to escape through a window, was find .t.
and killed on the spot; and her son-iu-law was sevi n v
wouiidc d. The report of firearms niarinrd the m ii;L.
hours, who sallied out in great nninbers; and tliiii lb-
banditli thought it prudent to reliie, which Ihcy liic
keeping up a running fire against their pursuers.
It is to be remarked in Seliinder-hanncs's dcpredi^tir:;;
that the Jews, who are numerous in tlii't part of Ci:.
many, and often wealthy, were the principal vicliin< i\
Ihem. He, indeed, seemed to consider that pcopli- u
legitiinale jilundcr ; and strange as it may now appi .ir m
more civilised, settled, and tolerant days, many |M'opli rj
the eoimtry, who were not roblu-rs, apparently eilerlaiiiii
the same opinion. He assailed Ihe liouse of a rich Jti
named WollV, at Ollenbach, and carried off a considcral k
booty. At .Merxheini, the rent-7n(isler, or inagistrat<-i:
the place, pointed out lo him another Jew of the naiiu- ■:
Ha'r, as a man of wealth, and as one who had renclt-ri.;
himself obnoxious to the people ; and inmicdiately ac-tiiiJ
on the suggestion, Schinder-hannes attacked and pliir.-
dered the house with little obstaeh'. The robbers ti !l ii
with the watch, to whom they plainly stated they «<f.
going " to rob a Jew," upon which they were allowei
to pass!
The spring and autumn were the favourite season* !'r
these expeditions; and Saturday nights were prelirriti
tiir a curious reason. It appeared on their trial, \vl.'
the robbers were finally brought to justice, that nm-t f
.*^cliindcr-Uannes's holdovers^ or spies, and some ot' tin
brigands themselves, were Jews, who, in the leisnn :
their sabbath-day, could more conveniently attend to lli
business of crime and rapine.
Hut still, it must lie repeated, it is chiefly ns sufferfr!
that the Jews figure in Scliindcr-hanncs'B exploits. \\-
day this bohl robber, being posted in amliuscade iie:irll<
high road, with only two of his followers, saw a c.iri.var,
of about ibrty-five Jews returning from a fair at K'p'iii-
naclit. As they came near, he cliallcngcd them ami or.
dered them lo hall, which they all did at onc-c, Ih tnr>
three men. They turned out not worth the Iroiilili'':
stopping; they had only a few kreut/.ers a-pieec, wliiih
they had gained by tralticking at the fair. 'I'lie ni;^nn-
nimoiis robbers despised so paltry a liooly, and li it the
Jews their lealliern purses. Hut Schinder-hannes wnsr
a jocular mood, and he ordered them all to pull olf tin;:
shoes and stockings. In a minute every Jew aiiiu:
them pulled olf his shoes and stockings.
Schinder-lianiies Iheiiinailc them throw them nil in
heap on one side of the road, and he and his eompai>i"nj.
with their gun-stocks, so tossed and tumblcci and iiilvii
the shoes and stockings, that fellows so pirted coin|i.iiiy.
it would have been a dittleult job indei d to find nut i
pair among them, or for any man to fit himself In Im
own, even if ten minutes had been allowed him.
" i\ow then, Jews," cried Sc;liiuder-hannes, "lake v^;
every one of you his own stockings and his own i^li"!.
put them on, and decamp instantly. He honest, if M
can, and take no one's things but yiuir own. 1 will sIidJ
every one of yon that takes another man's shoe or nn^
tlier man's stocking ! Quick ! quick 1 he ia n dead mu
who is Ihe last to bo fitted \u his own, and off, aa sure a
I
Wi
VOL. f.
Solf A(^iiu
my 11.1111'' IS
|.)Ui'r-i II vellt'i
Will nigh
iIh threat am
Jcivj threw
rmd-sidc, aiit
•lix-kiiigs cut
llier in tiicir
I1.-U111CS had an
«pe<-l.u-le, a si
wnlki-doff wit
'i'lic mere
spread fur and
liv a (mhlic.-il
\U\\Vf^i\ oil till'
the u'raltliier
Srtiincler-hann(
;i^in4t him, til
I'nhke the Ital
wildi and glooi
lrei|iinitcd the
appeared in the
robberies ; they
and frttirais, an
rnce. Wlion d
repaired to iiis
. ,'i until called agi
' \ lion." Besides
1 Miually devot»-d
!uv fill to the law
lion, selling the
to p.-occed from
'I'lic robbvr.t 1
I the Rhine" — for
■J iJieir spoils to a |
iter a successful
generally the Ic
the river, where
and dispose of th(
4 appearance acc«r
i Ill's was very lia|
I that he once for a
I a steady iiierchan
I itt.irt, Frankfort.
tf lio had a narrow
diers in the electoi
111 a drunken bra'
sir.n, after pillagir
llie Palatinate, he
rha-weurs, thai he
lijyloft. The sol
again miraculous!
last : he had worn
tlie career of his 1
IK' was closely w
rould no longer pr
ncnt peril — for ev(
.iffaiiist him. He
I'usion and horrors
Mwcen France nr
Ind eonscr|uently 1
rily, and the admii
energy, who dcteni
.Schinder-hannes
to plac, but lie ci
liini.and was at lai
for him, however, i
• virtue of ncccssitj
of a captain of robb
and addressed hiina
be was readily ncci
nunc. He marchC'
l>ourg, and might 1
mud vilbgc in Hun
known him, and ha'
Ws past misdeeds;
•cirecr of crime on 1
mi^ht have reformci
the ornament of an
kilkincT through tin
'loiitally met by a |
'rnounced him to th
' r.haiines— the rob!
'iiounced and pro
XEW i>BHII»--1
^jA:xxWwm^B sffiii.®©^ ©i:s®irmii»2m® %:imm^Amur^
lll'll Ills will
ml Imriitili'iir
■jioiially ill lilt
[I in almost in
urerrliii.' t" ll';
I. Tlir Ir ,v.|.
lit tiiKity i tiny
lark Hliiili' 111.
liar ri(r''* *^'''i
'. n:i|itaiii, wiih
ays the tir>t to
op to iriianl tlii:
[1 ilart'il to '"in*
!• wn» liiailf ir.
an named l!i>-
niicH, with f'lur.
(Idelily ai)|i<ari.!
lor in the iiiinic
a (rnod aj>l*lil',
iiilUr lur a (T'Hxi
o work — and, it
y knoekcd a rat.
iiid hy lliat mu-
ll two of his 11110
U'ss rivil. Tl.tv
died Mrs. Riicil
the money W3i
ir while tlie C'."!
rnhhers, her lm<.
;o\v, was tired ..t.
law WHS sevi n y
irmrd the m iali-
■rs; and then lift
which they ilic
r |)nrsnerp.
nes's de|iriil::tini;:.
that (larl ot' l^tr.
•inri|ial vietiiiK ■!
ler that iieoiilv as
may now o|i|iear in
ys, many jN'oiilf a
larcntlyer.tertaiiiiJ
luse of a rieh Jt.«
d oil" a consiilcralk
r, or niagistrati'it
cw of (he name I :
who had remleri.;
ninicdiatcly aeiin;
ttaeked and I'tnr-
The rohhers till la
stated they wc-
tliey were alli«vi>l
Ivoiiritc season? Sr
[its were preliTriJ
their trial, mI.'-
titicc, that niii^t ■!
and some ot l!* I
1, iu the leisnro i
lently attend to (!.(
k-hicfly as snfi'erfn
i-s's exploits. <>i-
Jinhnscade ne.-irtU
lers, saw a ciir.vM
Im a fair at Krrm.
InjTcd them an'l "'■
Vid at onee, N ''.if
prill the troiili'f
kers a-piere, wlini
lair. The in: L^"•
lonty, and li il iks
jider-hannes w:isr
(all to pull oil' lla:;
Tvcry .lew uIuol!
• row them nil iri
lid his eoiiipaiii"ni.
linililed and iiiivii
In parted eoiniwuy
llced to find 'Wl '
I tit himself III liU
Iwed him.
linnnes, " take \n
lid his own ^h"-
1 He lionest, if ym
lown. 1 w ill shell
Van's shoe nr »n'>
he is a dead nm
liiid off, as sure "
VOL. I.
l*fIILAI)KLI>IIIA, MARCH 5, 1H33.
NO. 8.
Priktid asii Fi'iiliiiiiiiu iiv ADAM W.M.IIIK, Nn. n. North Biuii-ih iTRKtr, l*iiii.Ai>ii.piiii— .Al $A lur .VJ iiiiiiitxri, pnynhle In nihnnre.
R.
II U S. \V(J01), rHl:<Ti:K!i ANIi I'l nl.l>.|ic|l«, Nkw Vhiik,
anil PiiliH.liern liir iliu sinlu nf Nrw Viir^ fciiil all ilii' Niw Knglnnil
rilKO.NIX N. wool) «!. (11. llnnKSCI.I KR». llM.n.MillIK,
Sole Aniili fiirtiK' mali'ii III' .Maryl I, Virullia, ami Uliin, mul llie illy of New Orlism.
And he and (lis fol-
,„v iiniiie is Scliiiider-haniies !
|,,\vir< levelled their iniuikets at ilio Imrc-footed Jews.
Will iiijrh bereft of their seiisca, by the dread wliicli
tin threat and the name of the robber inspired, the |>oor
J,.«s threw themselves aJtogether on the heap by the
r.wd-side, and beg.-in scranibling for their shoes and
.t.)rkinir«, cullinp, and scratching, and abusing one aiio-
ilifr ill liieir hurry and impatience. When Schinder-
li.iniK-s had amused himself for awhile with this ludicrous
«(,ei t.iik-, a subject worthy of Ilo^rarth or Wilkie, hi'
walki-d off witli lii.< comrades ahnost dying with laughter.
'J'lio mere nainc of the robber, v»'liose exploits were
«oread far and wide, now struck terror into every breast.
iK » polilieal alternation of kindness and severity, he
i„i[>n<i.d on tlic coiiinion people ; and, by degrees, even
the w.althier class, who had suffered from him, dreaded
Sehiniler-liannes .so inueli, that, far from daring to inform
a<rainiit him, tliey avoided even the mention of his name.
C'niike the Italian banditti of the Apennines, who live in
wildK and gloomy solitudes, these robbers of tlio Kliinc
frei|aented the most joyous and peopled scenes. " They
appeared in the ojicn day, and in the very scenes of their
robberies ; they lounged in public houses, went to dances
aiid festivals, and were generally treated with great defer-
ence. Wlien danger was near, they separated, and each
r( paired to .'lis home, in various [Mrts of the country,
until called again by the captain on some new ctiiedi.
tion." Besides tlic fair Julia, many of the band had
«|ually devoti'd wives, or innninoratas, who were made
iwfiilto the lawless community by procuring informu-
iioii. sclUng the goods plundered, and obtaining pa8s|inrts
to p.-oeced Iroiii one state to another.
'I'lic robbers iniisl have invoked niuiiy a " blesaing on
the Rhine" — for that noble river often liorc them and
tlH-ir spoils to a place of safety anil convenient sale. Af-
Ii-r a successful e.xp»-dition on one side of the llliine,
generally the left bank, they were accustomed to cross
the river, where tliey would remain quiet for some time,
and disposcof their plunder. They changed costume and
^ appearance according to eireuinatances. Schiniler-han-
iies was very happy in his disguises, and so confident,
that he onee for a considerable time passed himself off as
a steady merchant, and even repaired to the great trading
mart, Frankfort. He ran, however, his risks. In ItlOl,
111' had a narrow csca|>e in an affray with a party of sol-
iljprs ill the electorate of iMayence, with whom he engaged
ill a drunken brawl at a public house : on another occa-
sion, after pillaging the house of a Jew at Bayerlhat, in
the Palatinate, he wa-s so closely pressed by a party of
rhafwcurs, that he was obliged to seek concealnicnl in a
liivloft. The soldiers visited his hiding-place, hut he
ainiin miraculously escaped. Hut this escape wafl his
last : he had worn out his extraordinary good luck, and
tlie career of his crimes was now drawing near its end.
IK' was closely watched and tracked to his haunts ; lie
could no longer prosecute his expeditions without immi-
nent peril — for even tlie peasants were now on the alert
a;aiiist him. He had risen and thrived during the con-
fusion and horrors of war, but |)eace had now been made
Imtwecn France and Austria, tlie provinces on t!ie Rhine'
Ind conse(|uently been restored to tranquillity and sccu-
rily, and the administration was in the hands of men of
energy, who iletermined to extirpate the banditti,
Schinder-hanncs for some time wandered from place
lo plac, but lie every day found his resources failing
him, and was at last arrested on suspicion. Fortunately
for Siiri, however, nobody knew him, and when, making
a virtue of necessity, he was fain to sink from the dignity
of a captain of robbers to the grade of a common soldier,
and addressed himself to an Austrian recruiting captain,
lie was readily accepted, and cnlis'cd under an assumed
nimc. He marched with the rest of the recruits to Lim-
bourg, and might have marched thence to some snug
mud vill-vgc in Hungary, where nobody would ever have
known him, and have escaped the pursuits of justice for
liis past misdeeds; he might have commenced anew
career of crime on another and a distant Uieatrc ; or he
mi^ht have reformed, and become the Bcrjcant-major and
thr ornament of an Austrian regiment i but, as lie was
vilking through the streets of Limbourg, he was ncci-
'I'litally met by a peasant who recognised him, and
ionounced him to the mngistrates as the famous Schin-
T-liaiincs — the robber of the Rhine ! No sooner was he
nounccd and produced hy tiic oflicer to whom ho
SEW 8BRIB8 — 8
enlisti'il, than the whole town flocked to see the man
of whose exploits they hud heard so much. Schinder-
lianiies had ciiltivuled too numerous an acquaintance to
ho|ie to escn|ie detection ; he hung down his head ; but
he was sworn to by many who had met him on the
road in llio exercise of his calling. The Austrian cap-
tain gave him up to the civil power, riid •Sehinder-
haiines, aHcr a career of unexampled audacity and
success, (for this part of Europe,) which had lasted five
years, was taken by a strong escort to Maycnce, in
May 18(1'-}. As soon as ho saw himself in the hands of
of the French gens-d'armes, he cried " I am lust! now,
indeed, it is all over willi nic !" On his arrival at
.Maycnce, ho was brought before the judges of the
special criminal court, and to them he at once and freely
gave u detailed account of his life and adventures.
Such of his accomplices as were still living, were sue
cessivcly secured, and after eight montlis spent in
investigations, and in receiving dcjiositions against the
robbers, in February 10(^3 the criminal court of Maycnce
declared itself competent to proceed on the trial of the
accused. Omitting the doubtful or the frivolous, no
less than fifty-three serious and substantiated charges
were brought against Schinder- hannes. His accomplices
arrested were sixty -seven. Among this number figured
old Buckler, the forest -keeper, Schindcr-hano,.s's father ;
the robber's mistress Julia Rla'sus; various utlier wo-
men, wives, niistri'sscs, and sisters of tho banditti;
.several itinerant musicians, Jews, a miller, &.e. The
acts of instruction, dc|>osition, and interrogation pro-
duced for this extraordinary trial, filled, v/hen printed
live thick folio volumes.
The public trial did not commence until the S4lli of
October 1803. Three uf the accused had died mean-
while in prison, but siity-fivc w ere brought before the
court. One hundred anathirty-two\vitnesses3p|>cared
fur the prosecution, and no less than two hundred and
two for tho prisoners. The first and second days of the
trial were employed in reading tho act of accusation.
The whole trial occupied twenty-eight days. Schinder-
haniics was firm and bold, and even gay. He enter-
tained the hope that he should escape the capital
punishment; but on thedcpositionof the miller's mother
of Merxlieiin, to whose arm the robbers had applied a
burning candle to extort her money from her, Schinder
Imnnes's eoiintonancc fell ; till then he had succeeded
tolerably well in making himself out, a criminal indeed,
but one averse to cruelty or the shedding of blood, but
at tliat moment he said, in a sad, despondent tone, " It
is all over! I hear the scream of the bird of death!"
The horrid punislimentof being broken on the w heel,
which had been usually awarded to culprits of !iis class
in that country, now presented itself to his imagination.
The boldest might tremble at such a fate ! He asked the
president whether he was so to suffer ? When answered
that that species of punishment had been abolished by
the French law, ho recovered his 8elf-|)osscssion, and
added — " If 1 have wishecl lo live, it is only because I
intended tu become an honest man!" During the whole
of the trial he constantly endeavoured to screen his
father and his mistress. It appeared, however, in
evidence, that Julia had accompanied him in some uf his
minor expnditions, especially tu the house of Isaac the
Jew usurer ; and that his parent also hud participated
in some of his crimes.
After a most patient investigation, Schinder-hannes
was found guilty of all the charges, and with nineteen
of his accomplices condemned to death. Fifteen more
of the culprits, among whom was Schinder-hanncs's
father, were sentenced to hard labour in irons, for
various terms, from six to twenty-four years ; two
others, with one of the women, to two years imprison-
ment; Julia nioBsuB to two years in the house of cor-
roction ; and two other women to be expelled from the
French lerritoiy. The rest were acquitted.
Schinder liannes heard tho sentence with mnch in-
difference, s.t (^ when he evinced a lively satisfaction on
hearing the loniont punishment of his mistress, and that
his father's lil< 'vas to be spared. lie asked to speak
with tlie presidei but it was not to say one word for
himself; it was oiu> to express his hope that liis father,
his Julia, and his child, might be taken care of after
his death.
On the niurniiig of the 'Jl.-,t of Novemlier, tho day
tixed u|Kiii for the exeeulion.a elergviiiaii visited the
piisniiers. Sehinder-lianncH told liiiii he was resigned
lo his liile, and rcs|teetliilly reqiipsteil him to bestow iiii
spiritual care andeunsolation on eerlaiii of his comrades
who needed them more than he did. He, however, ex-
pressed a wish to take the saeraiiieiit. Whi'ii lie arrived
ut the place of execution, he hastily clinilied up the
scaH'ohl, and cxaniined the giiiiloline with minute ul-
I'nlion : he was curious to know whcth'r its stroke was
as pruinpt and siirn as he had been given lo undersluiid
it was, and put the question with an urifallering tongue.
Oil being answered in thealiiripi.live, he turned round
and addressed the crowd. " I have deserved death,"
said he, " but ten ul' my roiiipaiiions die iriiiocent !"
meaning, probably, that t'le.so ten had never been
guilty of murder — th'> only ciime. in his idea, that
merited death. He then laid his head on the bloi k,
and found the transilii.'ii from this world to the dread
unknown, quite as rapid as the exeeutioncrs told hi:ii it
ttonld be through tho agency of their apparatus. The
subalterns tiillowed their captain, and '•he execution of
tho twenty culprits occupied only tv.eiity-six minutes,
making one minute eighteen seeuni's lur each man !
The destruction of this daring band cleared the
Rhine of robbcis ; but the irihabitar.ts on the hanks of
that beautifiil river will long retain the truditiona of
.Schinder-hannes.
HUNGARIAN ROBBERS.
This story was told ine hy an Italian officer, who waj
serving, at the time he first learned it, with the "Grande
.\rmsc" of Na|K)leon. It seems to nir to eontniii one of
the most striking, most dramatic, and terrible scenes
that can be conceived, and I have oiilv lo regret that I
lack the talent nr power of telli>:g the tile of horror so
well as it was told to me.
It was a few weeks liefore the termination of tho
short, but (for Austria) fatal campaign of 180!) — that
eampaign which, begun nobly by the Aiistiians, ended
in their seeing Bonaparte dictate to their prostrate em-
pire from their capital, and shortly after elaim ns his
bride the daughter of the sovereign he had so injured
and humbled — that nn Hungarian horse-dealer lell
Vienna to return to his home, which was situated in an
interior province of his country.
He carried with him, in pnpcr money nnd in gold, a
very considerable sum, the product of the horses he hud
sold at the Austrian capital. To carry this in safety
was a difficult object just at that lime ; for troops,
French and Austrian, were scattered in every direction,
and he knew by expcrit.iie, that it was not always safe
to fall in with small parhcs of soldiers, even of his own
country or governmeni, (to say nothing of the French,)
but that Creates, and wild Hussars, and Hulans, nnd
others that fought under the Austrian eagle, were sil-
dom over scrupulous as to " keeping their hands from
picking and stealing," when up|>orluiiity was favourable
or tempting.
The dealer, however, relied on liis minute knowledgu
of the country he had traversed so often ; on the bottom
and s|iecd of his thorough bred Hungarian horse; — and
having obtained what he considered good information,
as to tho posts occupied by the iH'lligcrcnts, and tho
range of country most exposed to the soldiery, he set
out from Vienna, which he feared would soon U; in tho
hands of the enemy. He went alone, and on his road
carefully avoided, instead of seeking the coiiipuny of
otlicr travellers, for he reasonably judged, that a .solitary
individual, meanly dressed ns he was, might escape
notice, while a party of travellers would be sure to at-
tract it.
By his good management he passed the Hungarian
frontier unharmed, and continueil his journey homeward
by a circuitous unfrequented route. On the third night
after his departure from Vienna, ho stopped at a quiet
inn, situated in the suburbs of a small town. He had
never been there before, but the house was comfortable,
nnd the appearance of the |)cople about it respectable.
Having first attended to his tiri^d hnrso, he sat down to
supper with his host and family. During the meal, ho
was asked whence he came, and -.vhen he said from Vi-
enna, all present were anxious io know tlic news. Tlio
.'»i
K
•'4
■if
114
MVE8 OP BANDITTI AND ROIIRERS.
di'iilcr told lliciii ull lio kmw. The hl)^l lluii iii
quind what l)iisiiusa had carriid him to Vitiiim. lli
lold thciii ho had lucii thcro to Kill some of the In'st
liorsi'H that wtre ivcr taken to that market. When he
lieard liiis, the liost east a {rlunce at one of the men of
the family, who seemed to he his son, whieh the dealer
Kcarei ly ohscrved then, but which he liad reason to recall
afterwards.
\'i'lien Slipper was finished, the Oitipued traveller re-
(jucfted to he slimvn to his Ind. The host himself took
np a lif;ht, and condiieted him aeniss a lillle yard at llie
hack of the house to a detached Imildinp, whieh con-
lained two roonw, tolerahly decent for an llnnfrarian
hosti I. In the inner of these moms was a Ik(I, and
here (he host lefl liim to himself. As the dealer threw
oil" his jacket and loosened llie jrirdle round his waist
M-licri his money was dejiosited, he thontrht he ini^'lit
lis well SIC whiiher i! was all safe. .Vecordinfrly, lie
drew ( lit nn old leathern purse that containi'd his jrold,
iind th'ii a tattered parehinent p.ii Kil-hook that envelop-
«'d the Austrian hank noti's, a-id finiliii^' that liotli were
quite ri:;ht, h" laid them under the hol.ster, exiinfriiished
tlic lijfiit, and tlirew himself on the heil, thankin;; liod
and the saints t!ial had carried him thus far homeward
in salily. lie hail no inis^rivinij as to the character of
the people he had fillen amnnjriit to hinder his re|)ose,
nnd the poor deiler wa.s- very soon I'lijoyinjj n profound
nnd happy sleep.
He mi jilt have hecn in this state of hentitiule nn liour
or two, when he was distiirhed by a noise like that of
111! opeiiinj; window, and liy a sudden rush of cool ni;;lit
rir; on r.ii-in? himself nn tlie lied, he saw peering;
Ihron^'h an open window which was almost iinmediat
ly above t'le lird, the head and sbmilders of a man, who
was evidi iilly atle:nptiii!.' to make his inyress into tin
room that w ay. .\s the terrified dealer looked, tin' in-
triidiu;; (i^'iirc W".B withdrawn, and he heard a ruuiblinir
noise, am! ilieii the voices of several men, as he thoufrht,
close under the window. The most dreadful apprehen-
pions, the more horrible as they were so sudden, now
.nsrilaird th.e traveller, who, scarcely knowin;j what he
(lid, but ii'terly despniiini; of preservin;f his lile, threw
hlm-^elf under the hi d. lie bad seari'ily done so, when
the hard b:-e .iliiu^' of a man was beard at the o|kmi win-
dow, and I'lc n< \t moment n robust fellow dropped into
t!ie room, rnd atler sta;;!;erin;; across it, i^ropeil bis way
by the w ills to the bed. I'ear bad iilmost deprived the
liorsi-de:iK r of bis senses, but yet he (HTecived Ih.i! the
intruder, whoc v.t be iiiiylil be, was drunk. Tliei. was,
hovvi'ver, slif.'Iil eoinliirl in tills, fir he mi;rhl only have
sualloweil wi le to make Mm the more <!esperate, and
the travilli'r was cuiivineed he had beard the voice
(if irlber men wilhoiit, who nu;;lit itinili into tlii' room
to ns-i:.| till ir b'otber vil!; in in case niiy resitanee
tlionld be m.id.'. llis astaui.limeut, however, W;:s y:ri"it
Mid reviving', >\ben he heard the tellow Ihrou otV his
j iclict on the lloor, and then tivs hiniself upolj t!ie bed
under wbiili belay. Teirnr, however, hail taken loo
firm a b ild of the traveller to he shaken oft" at once,
— llis itleas \vi re too confused to permit llis imairinin;;
liny other niiiii\e tl.>i such a niidm^dit iiitrusinii on an
■ inarined in.iii v.itb properly iibniit him, save that of rob.
lu'ry anil assassination, and he lay ipiiet wlurc he was
until he lie.rd the li !low iiImM- him siiorini; with all the
donorniiaiess of a drunkard. Then, indeed, he would
li.ive li ll his hiding; pi ice, and jfniic to rouse the people
ill the iiiu I 1 ),'it aiinther restiud place instead of the
lii'd of wliii h he had been dispossessed ill so siii(;iilar ii
inaimer, but, jii'l as he came to this resoliition, he
lie.ird till- dKir of the oiit'r loom o|m'|i— then stealthy
fteps rrn;s It — then the door of the \ery room he was
ill was sollly npnii'il, iiml two men, one of whom was
the host and the ntber bis son, iippenied on its threshold,
" liCiive the ll;,'bl where it is," wliis|Kriil the bosl, " or
It niny ditiirb lii;n and ;;ive iis Iroiible."
" Inhere is no li iir of 1I1..I," siiiil the younger man,
nisn in 11 whisper, " we are two to one; he has nothing;
hut a little kiii:!' ahoiil him — lu' is deiid asleep toul hear
how be snores I"
" Do my hiddini;," siiiil the old nian, sternly ; " would
V'lii have liiiii wake iiml rouse the miijhlHiurhooil with
llis screams '"
As it v\ji, the horror, triilu 11 dealer uinh r the Ik d
could SI in I ly suppress 11 slunk, but he saw that the
Ron \i(\ till' liiflit in the outer room, and then, pnlliiii:
the iloor partially aOc r llieiii to screen the rays of the
lamp from the bed, be saw the two murdererrt ulide to
the bed side, and tlieii lieanl a riislliji|x motion lis of arms
(leaei'iidiiiK on the bed clothes, nnd 11 hissili).', and then a
Kratinir snniiil, tb.it turned his soul sick, fur he knew it
cBiuL' fioin knives or d ijifcrs pcnclralinj; to llic heart or
vitals of a human beiiifj like him.self, and only a lew
inches above his own bmly. This was followed by oik
sudden anil violent start on the lied, accompanied by a
moan. Then the bed, which was a low one, was bent
by an increase of wi'ijjht caused by one or both the
innrdcrcrs throwinff theniselvcs niioii it, until it pr< ssed
on the body of the traveller. There was an awful
silence for a moment or two, and then the host said,
" lie is fmished— I have cut him across the throat —
take the iiionc)-, I saw him jiut it urnli r his bolster."
" 1 have it, here it is," said the son ; " u purse and n
pocket-book."
The travclbr was then rclicvcil from the wcii^lit that
had oppressed him almost to snlliaation, and the ii.ssas-
siiis, who seemed to treinble as they W( lit, ran out of the
room, took np the lij;ht, and disappeared iiltngcthe.' from
the npartinent.
No sooner were they f.irly (jonc, tlian the poor deali'r
crawk'd from under the bed, toi k one desperate leap,
and escapid throufrh the little window by which he had
seen enter the unliirlunate wn tell who had evidently
been mnrdered in his stead, lie ran with all bis sliced
to the town, where he told bis horrid .story and iniracu
lolls cscajie to tlu' ni",'ht watch. Thi' niijbt watch con
ducted him to the bnrjromaster, who was soon aroused
from his sKvp and acijuaintcd with all that had hap-
IH'iicd.
In less than half an hour from the time of bis esca|)c
from it, the horse-dealer was a;;aiii at the murderous
inn with the manistratc and a stron^r lone of the horror-
stricken iiiliabitanis and the nij;bt watch, who had all
run thither in the "jrcatest silence. In the house all
seemed as still as death, but as the party went round to
the stables, they luMril a noise; cantioniiifj the rest to
surround the inn and the outhonses, the ina;;istrate with
the traveller and some half dozen armed men ran to the
stable iloor — this they opcnctl, and linind within the host
and his .son ili;r!.niifr a (rrnvc.
The tirst lii;nre that m<:t the eyes of the murderers
was that of the traveller. The etl'cct of this on their
U'liilty sonln was too miieli to be borne ; they shriiked
and threw llicmselves on the ground, and tliou!;li they
were immediitely .si i/,i d bj" hard K^'P'"!! hands of real
desli and blood, and heard the voices of the ina;,ii.<trates
and their frieml'i and nei;;lihonrs, denoimcin;j them as
murderers, it was some niinutcs ere they could believe
that the li;;ine of the traveller that stood amon/r tlieiii
was other than a spirit. It was the hardier vill.iin, tbi'
tatlicr, will , c n heaiiii!; the stranger's vnice continuing;
in coiivers;;liiiii with the iiia[;istrate, llrst uaiiied sutli-
cient eoinmand over liiinsi If to raise his fiee lioiii the
earth ; be saw the straiij;er still pale and lia)ji;ard, but
evic'eiitly unbiirt. The murderer's head spun round
eonlUM'illy, but at len;itli risini;, he said to those who
held him, "I,it me .~ee that stranircr nearer; Id me
toiii li hiiii- — oiilv b I iiic toiieli him I" Thi' pixir liorse-
deakr drew liaeJ! in horror and divi,'ust.
" Von may sutisly biiii in this," said the maixislrate,
" he is unnrnied nnd unnerved, and we arc here to pre-
vent his doiiiji yon lianii."
On this, the trivellerlel the host appronch him, and
pass bis band ovi r his person, v\ liieli when he had done,
the villain ixi'laimed, " 1 uiii no murderer! v\ ho says 1
am a murderer '"
" That shall we see anon," said the traveller, who led
the way to the di taebeil a|Uirtiiient, tlillnweil by the iiin-
uislrale, by the two prisoners, iiiid nil the party whii li
had colleeled in the slalilo on heaiiiiH; wint pasped
there.
Itotli filber and son walked with eonsidenible eonli.
deuce into the room, but when they law by the lamps
the iiii;lil walili and otiii rs held over it, that there was
11 body covin d willi blond, lyiiiK upon the bid, liny
I ried out "How is this ' who is Ibis'" and riislii d to-
Ifi till r to till lied side. The lights were lowered; tin 11
rays li II liill ii|hiii lliu ghastly tiiee and bli eillii;; thronl
of a yoinij; man. .\t the si^lit, iJu' younger iil' thi' mur-
derers tiiriiid his head and kwoiiiiciI in silence; hut the
liitlu r, utlerinK n shiick so loud, so nwl'nl, that one of
the elenially daniiied alone ini)rht eipial its etiict, threw
himsilfon ilie bid and mi the gashed and bloody IkhIv,
Mhd niiiriiiiiiiiii; 111 his Ihroiil, ".My son! I liuve killed
iiiiiie own son !" also found a li niporary n In I' from tin
horrors of his silii.ilion in insenslliility. The next nil.
mile the wriliheil IiohIi ss, who was iniioceiit of nil that
had passed, nnd who was, without knowiii|u' it. the »ili
of a miirderir, the niother of a inuiiliier, mid the 1110.
Iher ol' a iiiurden il son— of n son killed by a broiln r
nnd a (iillier, ran to the aparlioeiil, and would have m
creased tenli'ld its iilii iiily iiiiiiip|)ortabb' horrors by en-
terinu Iherc, hull hIic tinl JH'cn |ircvetited by lliu honest
townspeople. iSlie had been rou.sed from sleep by tin
noise made in the stable, and then by her Inisbainr,
shriik, and was now herself, sliriekiii<r and Irantie, i;;,..
ried back into the inn by main force.
'i'lie two murderers were forlliwith bound and carrini
to the town jail, where, on the c.vaminatioii, which \v,-,s
made the ne.vt morning, it appeared from evidence tlm
the person murdered was the younfrcst son of the liim,.
lord of the hill, and a person never suspected of ,au
crinie more serious than habitual drmikcnncss; (hat iij.
sti ad of being in bed, as his father and brother hail !,>.
lievi'd him, he had stolen out of the house, and joined j
party of carousers in the town ; of these boon coiii|);i.
nioiis, all appeared in evidence, and two of them dcpoMii
tb.it the deceased, being ixceedingly inlo.xicatcd, ami
ilreading bis filhcr's wrath, should be rouse the hiiu<,.
in sneli n state, and at that late liunr, had said to tliiin
that he would get through the window into 'iic little il,.
tached apartment, and sleep there, as he had ollen ilunt.
beliire, and that they two had accompanied iiiiii, and ^,s.
sisted him to climb to the window. The deceased hu
reached the window once, nnd as tiny thought wniill
have got safe through it, hut drunk and iinstcady as he
was, he slip|«'d hack ; they had then some dillicully in
inducing hiiii to climb again, llir in the caprice of li;-
toxieation, he said he would rather go sleep with one 1,1
bis coinrades. However, he had at last ctlectcd his (i,.
Ir.inee, and they, his two comrades, had gone to tluir
respective homes.
'I'lie wretched criiniiial8 were executed a few wccki
afler the cominissioii of the crime. They had cniile..;.Mi;
everything, and resbircd to the horse-dealer the golil ami
the paper money they had coiiccaled, and which had lu!
them to do a deed so iniicli more atrocious Ulan cku
they had contemplated.
TiiR iii(;iii,ANnCTs or inpia, or tih: ijo
HIM.A liOllItKliS.
The following nceomit, which is from the pen of •!„
lamented Itishop Ililicr, is replete with interest, and n;.
lirs one passage, than which nothing can be well nn,;,
impressive and dramatic. It is, moreover, strictly ei,ii.
lirmatory of what has been already several tinns uu
v.inced : that, as juslice nnd mildness of goviriniiiiii
wean men from rapim^ and crime, so ilo tyranny iiml
oppressiiiii drive men to jliein; and when, under t'le l,ii
lereircunistances, the nature oftlie country is l'avour;il,|,,
abounding in I'orests and inomilnin recesses, and Iniu,
mg oil the confines ol'another st.itr, an e.\lciisive sysl,i,i
ol'bri;;aiidage will ahiinst inv.iri.ihly result.
" Tin' I'onipnst of liohileunil by the Knglisb, and l!i,
death of its chief in hallle, its eoiiseipicnl eessiou In l'„
N'awah of Oinle, iiinl llie horrilile inaiini r in win,,,
^^ajali lid l),iwlah oppress, d and misgovi rued il, ti,n,i
one oftlie worst chapters of the laiglisli history in liulij.
We have since innde the liobillas some auieiids l,v
taking tlieiii away from OiiiK , and governing tlleiii iiiir-
sehi s ; hut, by ,ill I could K iini, the pi ople appear by 11,
iiie.ins to h.iM' till gotten or li.rgiu 11 their (irst injuria."
Tliiir Insiihiirdinatien and vinliiiee are liivoiireil In
the nature of the locality just alluded to — their pro\liio
is in the iiiimediale 111 igbboiirbood of Oude, and a i.i>l
liiiet eri-ts along the whole of tin ir eastern, soutlaiii
and iioillii'i'ii frontiers.
" In this liirest a great Rohilla robber, or rebel il.u',
i-i by many supposed to have liirki d the last seven years
for whose ap|irebciisioii govermnent have vainly oIIitiiI
no l,>s a sum than |ll,llllll rupees. Many rnbbciies air.
eirlaiuly, still perpetrated In his name; but the opiiiKu
of the miigislrates at Shabjelianpoor is, that the iiiiiii 11
really dead, and that his name only, like that ofCiipliiui
l{,,el., reinains as the r.illying point ol' innliiiy. TIk
iiiililiiy iillieers of our diiincr pnity had ol)en Inniiii
this lliiest, wbiihthey ilescrilH' as e.xti ivive, and in wiiii.
pliiei s very picturi sipie, with some liw tracts ol' lil^li
land, wbciicc, even in this neighbourhood, the siiuuv
rani;, of Himiilaya is \isilile.
"The Itiihilla insiirgent.< nre usually very liiillil'ul l„
eaili other, and, as in Oude there is in ilhcr poliie m;
piiiMiil, it very seldom liapiHUs, if tin y once esc.i|M', lliil
lliey can Ih' laid hold of aftiTWnrds. One of llic iii»l
inili'l ions of till III, w Ilo had long i liideil jiislii e, caliir iiii)
the bands of ginirnment not loni; since, under very m"
gi.bir cireiiiii.staiii'es. He Iniil passed over Into iliiil,,
.mil iHinght n /.eiiiindiirrie lliiTe, which wn* Inst yui
sei/iil on, iiniler cireuiiiKlnnc's of excessive injiisllir, I'l
the servants of the king's fivoiirite, who, nt the wmii
lime, 1 irriiil oil' one of IiIh wives. The /.emindiir, 1 iiii.iU
high spirited and di'M|i<'rnle, rode iiiinn diately In l.ini
now, simIi d, by the nsnintnie e id'hii sctvuills, tin; lull
licniiaister'si
at alone, till
lie minister 1
nils came out
new tlieiii, p,
lli'lll lletweeii
lal call their
,).nr, lait he si
ataiits under I
lilt, ' Draw lie:
ivcpt .iinl tore I
i r.'radil let tlieni
j linn of my wii
, [111- llrilis'h ri
vas iiiniu'diatt
! Bai' tiantie to t
i Hike, either .Air.
■ rill' latter went
^ a ivliii'li he
', if revenge ag.iin
• »iiik his wi!i' by
. lot, howt'vi'r,
liianie in Onili
Jritisli, saying
1 iii'iit nt' some ti
lie tender mere
ininiises, had, be
liiii. He is now
lat it is generally
jal that his eonli
%U iilfeiiees beiiiri
' Oar scjioys Ilia
i||i and dnwii this
It' iviirk on their
lliiliilliis in reliisii
ijiiiermnent, in
U'li'I.ite habit ol
■:';:wi\ zeniiinlai
l.ii'i- are apt to |1
III,' next."
Till' linliillas sc(
)■:. nnd to long.ta
iliil li'irsr III' V,
,vin il. '• Keep
•Hill's ive, or yo
r Viinpslii'hr I" " 'I
1 1t ■ lii'iiig a sliort-ti
ii:uA'j"ni':,«;_ij
— <;»
I', iilr:il India was
I,,.- liie most par
'ill, 'III sc'inlohavc
liing.'igo, oIIk rst
I, .'lad the limes o
!'!" illy tend to giv.
m— mil I'leilitii'st,
IliM M.il.'nlm has d
'■I'bnll » lili'li ,.||„
i| I of in-li 111!
'I'll ill wall, d toM
viiri's of tile linn
'I' lit' 111,' ciinitrv
fl>'r\, lllMl|,|;,,w
It'll and rootli'ss,
"I'Sir .l.ilm M.,U
■rl^iiind the 11:11111
■ III Iniigi'il to, of I'i
ll'illiy ti;;ers; Ihesi
i'["il the country, n
liiiiiis ibr tlirlr (i
I'y Ih.il ill the stat
;l:'i"l sivty-three i
li"'' eniphntieiilly
'I'tliiit denotes ill
IlliI I,,', II iilbilril
'|ifnieid wilh tin
•ill iiniliigiious rai
"iri' iinl niilv rob!
"•'I'llni M.'leobn, II
Wilfhlfiil (o 1,'ari
'in a gre.,| i,,,...,
ill'il tliroii,;h the
«illi |«'rlei| ,,(;.((.
I'ftiteof the enii
r Hill I lor of .Arab
limili wire ob|i.^f,.,|
• Niir.,
Konuniis OF indi a.
115
•nm sU'cp by Ih,
)y liiT Imsbaiid's
iiiul I'nmtic, uar-
iOUn<i and rarrii J
atiim, wliicli was
mil I'viiliiiCT thai
Kv)n of tlif laiiu-
suspt'tliul of niiv
krmu'ss ; llial in.
I lircitlicr ImiI In'.
lusc, ami jiiimil a
CSC boon cinnita.
o oftliciii di'posdl
iiitoxii'iili'il, and
rmisc IIk; bouse
hail Kiiil to thiai i
into 'ill' litllf ''■'■
!(■ hill (llU'll (loilf
iiiii'il liiin, iiiul i.s.
I'lio ili'ec^iiKi'il hi.d
ly Ihoutjlit wniilil '
111 uiifitciiily as lie
siiiiie diUiiully in
the c'liprice ol' ii;-
slri'p wilh one i.i
iHt cllicted liis 11,.
liail fl'nit' to tjuit
ntid a few wciki
riiry III"' •'oiili't'Mi;
ili'aUr Ibo Rolil ami
Hiul which hail In!
[roi:ious tliaii even
A, OR Tlin RO
S.
frnm till' pi'ii of 'In
ilh inliTt'st, and "!'•
[r iMii 1h' will iimr,
ivoviT, Ktrii'lly I'mi.
y srviTiil tinii's lie.
less III" j;civiTliiiinil
do lyraiiny aiel
vlii'ii, uiidrr llir lil
luiilry iH I'ttvoiiralm.
ri'ci'sM'H, and tinier-
111 l'.\lL'llsivi' syslihl
rc'siill.
I- ICntrlii-li, Hlid die
iiriil. i.isi'iiin I" d«
iiiaiimr in wlii'.i
.o.ivi riii'd il, I'ntiii
, III
sli lii.-itnry
Hdliii' unirnti
th.
,1s iiV
iiwiiimn
ipK' iipprar by i
Ihi ir tirht injur
lire liivdiirnl In I
l| til — till >r prn
111' Oiiilr, and a vel |
IMlf-tlllli WlUtll'
lliiT, <ir r»
liil (Li
Ihr last wvni y ar*.
llmvc vainly nlliriM
Llaiiy riibbi ilrx iir>.
hia llic npiiii' II
, that till' man 11 1
likr that i.rCiilibi
.r nintiny.
■Ml.
had olVn bi<iiai|
IMM', and ill <"««'
lli'w In.i'lK (
.1' liii.li
urlu'iiil, till' 'twwi
Illy very failliful I"
] 111 ilhir piiliii' ii'i
jy cvniT csraiH', lliil
Oiii'
III' Oil
1 jiihliir, rallliliil«|
(!■, mull r Miy m'
,d iiMT inin Oiiil..
Iiii'h wn» la.-^l yi.''
^vivr iiijimlire. I't
ihii, at Ibi' «iii»
/rininilur, npi.Jii
i.ilialily I" I'll''
ivaiil'-.'llii' will'
hi- ininisti'r'sprivati- pardon, and wailed IhrrL-wtll-arniod,
lit aloni', till lii^ riii'iiiy «liould niako his appearance'.
lie miiii''*!'^'' did nnt liiiiisell'ap|KMr, but his two youiiirest
mis eaiiie out to walk with their ayali!*.* The Uohilla
lu'W tlii'Mi, pounced on tlieiii like a tij,rer, and holdiiiir
hiiii bitwei'U bis knees, told the terrified women to gu
ml call their nia'ster. Tliu palace was soon in an np-
•onr iait lie sit «'il'i "'■"' '•'•■' '■'"^'^ acfainst the wall, the
I'liai'its iiiidir his kneew, and a pistol in each hand, calling
111 ' Draw near and they are both dead.' 'I'lie minister
ivri'it and tore bis llesb, promisinir him every tbiiitr it" be
oiild let tluiii ffo; to wliieli he answered, ' Tlierestora-
i„ii of niv will', my own safely, mid the p:narantec of
II,. Itrilish resid 'lit for both!' 'I'lie Hobilla's woman
iniiiii'diately hrongbt out, and the miiii.^ter ran like
Iraiilic to the Knirlish residency, bejjffiiif;, tor (Jod's
iliC either Mr. Hiekets or iMajor ijaper tofrowilh him.
he latter went, and the Kohilla, nller a hor»ibIe pause,
ill wliieli he si-emed still to bo weighinjr the sweetness
I'ri vi'ii"!' ajT'iinst the promises held out to him, ro.se,
k bis wile 1')' the 'innd, and led her away, lie was
lilt bowi'ver, satisfied with the security of liis eonli-
iiani'i' in Oiide', but soon alter surrendered himself to the
ritisli sayin;; tliat be must look fiirward to a confine-
iii'iit of some time, lint lie preferred their severities to
!io ti'iiiler mercies of the niiiiister, who, in spite of his
irciinisi's, had, be was convinced, already laid snares for
lie ia now a prisoner in the castle of Allahabad,
lilt it is generally believed that he has made his jx-aee,
ml that his eontineincnt will not be u long one, though
> Dlli'iiees before were serious enough."
* Oar .sejioys that are scattered in strong detaehmrnts
4iiand down Ibis lawless district, have, generally, plenty
I' work on their hands, what with tbu wilfulness of the
liiliillas in refusing to atleiid to the decrees or decisions
f);nvernment, in matters of disputed property, and " an
iveti't.ile habit of ' lilting' cows and sheep, which the
ri'yiriv zemiiidars and idle long-legged 'gillies' of one
i!la^>i' are apt to li'cl a pride in e.vercising against those
I'llii'iie.xl."
Til' lioliillas seem particularly addicted to liorsc steal-
.'. .iiiil to longtaili d horses. " Take care nf tliat loiig-
iliil Imrsi' of yours 1" was the first eaiiliou the bishop
liviil. " Kei'p liiin earel'uUy at nigbl, under tlie
lev's eve, or yon will never I'arry liiin over Ibe ferry
\iiiipsbi'br I" 'I'lie seeoiid horse of the amiable pre-
lle liiiii;' a sborf-tailed one, was supposed to be safe.
|l'\\.\ri'li:s— lillKHLS-nAlUiHIKS— MtMilllKS
— <i\VAI!lflAII,S— i'lirtiS.
I Centra I Iniliawasdi vastalei! h\'assoeiatintis of wielebi .;
Rim (,k tiie most part siib.dsted entirelv on plmiiler. Some
fllii'iii sir III to have si ruck their haneliil roots in the loim-
\ \(mi au'o, ollii rs loliave arisen under the .Mnhralla svs.
and the limes of ri volution and trouhle, whlebwoiild
r JIv tend to give slrenglh to the old and birth to tin
Ih — liid laeilities to Ibe exeerable operations of all. Sir
^liM M.il.'obii has deseiibdl, ill a striking manner, llie
-lilinii H liieli ensued from letting lo.ise a |io|iiil.ilioii
■d ol' mil iiiiipiitoie' Mialerials. Only lliosr who
iiliii ill called lowi.': \. re sali' from the rav.iges ami
s ot' the handil'i. Tile state of Ibe nnprolceleil
m-Mlllii' eiinntry near ilie \'iiidylia nioinilains and
r S'rebiidda, where bumlredH of villages were seen
' It'll and roofless, is ilrsrrihed by Captain .\nibrose,
111' Sir .loliii Mill olm's olVieers: in the year l.'^IH, br
erlaiiud Hie iianies, and Ibe iianies of the villages
■ 111 Inngi'ilto, of eighly-l'our individuals wbo bad been
■il liy ti:;ers ; these Ii roiious animals have lilenilly
' 111 the eounlry, and tiiuglil wilh Ibe reliirniiig in-
■litmls for llirii- liel.ls. Anthentie iloeumi'iils also
|i>y llial ill the state of llolkar, in |H|T, sixteiii linn-
anil sivlylbree villages weri' deserted, or, as the
lis I inpbalieally lerin il — "wilhoul n lamp," a
1^1 tlial denotes Ibe evlrcine nf ilesolalien. .All llii»
I liail lii'in all'eeird by ibe Imiiditti of Central India.
iiproreed wilh these rohlH'rs, the Mrw. lilies are, or
nn iniiliigiiou'i race, half Mahoinelaii, hull' llinilim,
Mvi'ii' mil only rolilirr< and assassins, Imi, nieoriiinj;
hr .liilin Mi'leoliii, Ibe most ilesperate rogues in liidi.i.
ellulill'iil to learn f'roiii llishop llelnr. Hint they
ni a ure.il measure reelaiined, i\en win ii be
iilliil lliriiui:b llie Hceiies of their eriines, which he
[«>lli iH'rliif sil'ely; and to eonlrasi Ibis wilh the
iT'tiliof till' eoiiiilrv, when il was as ilangrnms
iiitiiiorof .Arabia is at Ibis moinenl, and when
(ilwiili were olijifi il |„ travel in earavan», and In pay
♦ NiirM'not ii'odiiewio
high rales for protection to every paltry plundering Uiija.
"'i'liis neigbliourhood," says the bishop, s|K'aking of part
of the province of Delhi, " is still but badly enlliv.ited ;
but fificen years ago it was as wild as the 'I'errai, as full
of tigers, and with no human inhabitants but banditli.
Cattle stealing still prevails to a considerable extent, but
the .Mewattii s are now most of them snbjeet either to the
Ueilisli goveninient or that of Hburtpoor, and the seeurity
of li:L and property att'orded them by the former, has
indiieed many of the tribes to abandon their t'ortresses,
to .seat themselves in the plain, and cultivate the ground
like honest men and gejod subjects."
The llbeels wlio iiibabit the wild and mountainous
tracts wbicb separate .Malwa from Neiiiam and tiiirerat
are a totally distinct race, insnlate'd in their abodes, and
separali'd by their iKiliits, usages and liiriiis of worship,
from all other tribes of Imiia. According to liisbop
lleber, they were uiii|iieslioiiably the original inhahitanls
of liajpootana, and driven to their fastnesses and lies,
perate and miserable way of lil'e by the invasion of tliosi
t4ilHS, wherever they iii.iy have come from, who profess
the religion of llrahnia. " 'I'his the Kajpoots tbem.selve^
virtually albiw, by admitting in their traditional history,
that most of their principal cities and fortresses wen
I'ounded by such or such illieel chiet's, and coni|uercd
from them by the children of the sun."
Here we have again, as it were, the Gael retreating
from the Sasiseiiacb, and indemnilyiiig and avenging him-
self by Ibray, blood, and pliuider.
Thieves and savages as they were, the llritish ollicer.s
who conversed wilh Hisbop lleber, thought tin in mi
the wliolu a belter race than their eoni|uerors. Tlii ir
word is said to Ihi more to he depended on : they are ol
a franker and livelier character; their wmmu are far
better treated aiul enjoy more inlluenee ; and though tiiey
shed blood without scruple in cases of ti'ud, or in Hie
regular way of a toray, they are not viiiilieliie or iiilios-
pilable under other eiremnstanees; and several liiitieli
oflieers have, wilh |H'rfeet .safely, gone bunting and tisi
ing in their eouulry, without escort or guide, e.veept w hat
these pisir savages tlieinselves cluerl'ully riirni-liid for a
link' brandy.
" In a Sanscrit vocabulary, seven hundred or more
years old, the term Illieel denotes a parlieiilir race ol
harharians living on plunder; mid Ibe .Mahalibaral, an
ancient Hindoo poem, gives the same deseriptimi of iheiii.
At all times formidable, tliey lii'canie the' geiier.il terror
of'Cenlriil India under the gnidaiice of .Nadir Sing. This
chief eonimitteil a iimrdi r, or raflii r caiisnl it to be en
mitfeil. The I'Jiglisli had now the powi r of :!lllllilli^l
ing jusliee, and the liillouing instame, wbieli oeeiini d
on the trial of Nadir .'^in;'', is stroii"ly ebara'iirietie of
flic jtliiel race.
" During the exaniiiialion into the guilt of N idir,
when taking the evidenee of' some tiinale priioni rs, it
a|>|>eari'd I hat the fat In rand liiisband of one ol'llii iii, a i;iil
iliont liuirleen years of age, had bein inslrumenis in
eommitting the mmdi r of' wliieli Nadir was aeeii-i d.
.•^Iie was asked if Ibey put the deeeased In ilealli ; 'dr.
Iiiinly they did,' was her llrni reply ; 'bill they ai ti d by
mil Dliiiniiee's tor lord's) ordi'r.
"'Thai may be true,' il was remarked, 'but it does
not clear them ; liir il was not unall'ray;it was u deed
|ierpilral "d in lold lilood.'
" ' .'^lill,' s.iid llie girl, ' they had the ehieps order !'
"Tile pi rsoir* coniliietiiig the e.vaniinalion shook bis
head, imply iug it w< iilil not be' reeeiMil in jiistiliealimi.
The eliibi, liir she was hardly more, rose from the ground
where she was sitling, and, |Niinling lo two senlrii s who
giiiiiileil llieni, and were sl.inding at thediHir of'lhe romii,
eM'laiined, with all the animation of strong feeling,
' Tliei>e are your soldiiTM ; you are their Dhiniiiee ; yiin
words are their laws; if you order llieiii this moliii nl lo
advanee, and put me, niy mother, iind cousin, who me
now Is'liire you, lo death, would lliey In silate in slaying
lime li'in.ile llbeels' If we are innoeent, would you
be guilty of our IiIihhI, or these faithful men " Alter this
oliserMilioii hIii' re-seati d bersellj h tying, ' .My father and
liiishand are Nadir's soldiers,'"
The ebiel's of the llbiel.i, inih id, who were ii-unllv
ealled IMiomenlli', e\i reiseil the most abiohile jsiwer, and
their 1" er I 111 eonnuil the niosi alrmious crimes wire
obeyed, is among Itie "lelarii « of Ibe old man of'lhe
mounlatu,) by their ignorant bill allnihrd siihjeels, w itii
out a I'oiiei plioii, on their pari, thai Ibey had an oplimi.
Iliil .Nadir Siii;r was ham .hi d for llie luuider alhnli il In.
* fir .liiliii Kl'iliiVni hliiiM-ir III' nnii nmnlKl nii ihr ,ri.l l.y
I'apuilii II. flu..!!, Hliii iiiiittl ilowii Ihr n rln exptrattnii
his son, who had been Ciirefnllv edueati'd at Sir John
.Maleolm'ii bead-ipiartirs, men i (led to his autbcrily, find
there is now nti part of tlie (oiiiitry w In re lili' and pro-
perty are safer than amid the late drcudiil lil.iils of his
father.
The Itheels excite Ibe horror of l!ie higher classes of
Hindoos," by eating, not only the flesh nf InifVab'Cs, but
of cows; an aboniinalion wliii li plaees tlieiii jii.-t above
the <'/niiii(in>, or shrainaki rs, vilm feast in dead ear(.'asse!(,
and are not allowed lo dwell within the pri eiiii ts of the
village. The wild liheels, wbo Ui i p anioiig the hills, are
a diininulive and wrilelied-looking race, hut active, and
capable of gieat tiiligiie ; they go armed wilh bows and
arrows, and are still pidlissed n. libers iinil Ibirves, lying
in wait for the weak and impruli eted, while they lly
from the strong. Their excesses, however, lire now
ehielly indulged in against the Hindoos. " .\ few moiiths
since," says Ifisliop II; !.. r, "one of the haz.irs of .Nee-
mneb was allacked and pbmdeied by a liiuly ol'llie ' hill
peopli';' and there are, dnulilless, evi n in Ibe plains,
many who still sigh alter their l.ile anarchy, and oxelaiiii
amid the comforts of a |M'a(('alih' goV(rnni(iil,
Miive lis niir w il^tlll■s^ and 1 iir wnrils,
Our liliLs an, I i'a\es at;aiii !'
"The son of Mr. Palmer, ehaplaiu of .N'ussienibad,
while travelling lately with his liitheraiid mother in their
way from M bow, observed some Ithi els kaiking earnestly
at a large drove ol" lull n biillocKs which were drinking
in a find. He asked one of the llbeels if the biillmkii
belonged to him. ' N'o !' was the reply, ' hut a good part
of till III would have In en ours, il" il were not liir you
English, who will kt nobody thrive but yourselves."
On first apiMoaebing the lilnil villages, the bishop
observed a man run from Ibe nearest hut to the lop of ii
bill, and give a shrill slioni or ser( am, w hie h he beard
lepealed from the furthest hamlet in sif;hl, t'liil again
from two other.s, wliii li the bishop eould ik t mc. "I
asked the meaning of this," he eonlinues, "and my
guards informed ine thai lln :-e were Ibi ir i-innals logivc
the lilarni of our coining, our nuinlHrs, and that nc had
horse with ns. Hy Ibis means Ibey knew at ome
w In Iber it was adv isahle lo attack ns, to lly, or lo re niain
miiit, while, iflbeie were any of tliiir mniilier who had
parlicnlar reasons liir avoiding an intir\iiw wilh the
troops and in.igislrates of Ibe low lands, liny bad thus
liiir warning giM n Ibeiii lo luip out of the way. This
sounds like a deseriplimi of lioh I'ny's ( a iii.liy, inil llieso
poor llbeels are far less liirniidaMi' i !'.i n.ie .i than f!ie old
Mae (In gors."
This ancient people are very expel t in the urc of ll,o
bow, and lia\i a eiuioiis way of slmiling t'rmn the long
gras-^, where they li,' ei.m.akd, holding Ihr bow with
their fill, lie- ides, against flieir prey, i|iiailruped, biped,
and winged, the Illieel- use Ibe bow iiid arrow against
fish, wliieli they kill in the ii\ers iiid pn.ls wilh great
leitaiiily and rapidity, 'lln ir hows are of' split baniboo,
siniple, but siroiig and elastic. The arrow s are nl.so of
bamboo, wilh an iron head coarsely inade, and a hiiig
single barb. Those intended for striking fish, have lliis
head so eontrived as lo slip off frmn the shall when the
tisli is struck, but to ri main eouini led wilh il by a long
line, on the pnneiple ol'llie harpoon. The shalt, in coii-
sei|uinie, remains lloaliiig in the wider, and not only
eoiilributes to weary out the animal, but iliows its pur-
suer which way he llees, and llmsi iiabli s him to fei/eit.
They have many curious euslmns, that date from very
reuiole aiiliipiily. Oiir nf tlieiii was witnessed by
llishop IIi'Ikt, and donerllK'il In liiit usual felicitoiia iiian-
iier.
" A nuinU'r of Uhn Is, im n and woincn, came lo our
camp, (near Jhiilloda,) \«illi banilioos in tbiir hands, nnil
the winneii wilh their i lollies so scanl\, and tucked (i|i
so hi|i|i, as to leave the whole Innli ne.M ly bare, 'I'hey
bad a drum, a horn, and sonieoIlK r rude ininFlrelsy, and
said liny were come to ei li I. rate Ibe liimlir, 'I'hev dn w
up in two parlies, one nn ii, one weiiien, and had a iiiick
tight, in which at lifrl the llinali s hail mill h the aiKaii-
Inge, having very sk inlir poles, vvliile the nn n had only
short eiiilgi Is, with which llnylnid soine iliiriiiillv ill
guarding their heads. .At last Kome ol'llie vvoini n l,i gun
lo strike a little loo hind, on which tin ir aiilagonisls loci
leinpci, and elnsi d with them so lii rcely, llial Hie |Hiiir
female" were put to the roiil, in real or pri li iided Iciror.
They eollei ted a little money in the camp, and (hen
went I'll lo iinother villig". The llimlie, aeeording lit
the mlbodox sy slein, was ovi r, Inil tin se gaim s are olt< n
prolongi (I for Kvcrnl days all, r its i om Im-imi."
As bishop Hi Imt advanced in the nnmtrv inreilrd hy
the llhdl', 111? nil I cnrav.11111 of lliiii|iirrer*,or i artier* nf
f. ' ;
'''.''^
t
' ':'^.i
y
• 'V^'
■■«!■■ ,',■
IIG
LIVES OP BANDITTI ANI> KOIIBER8.
) r
.^l
l'
Crain, (ii singular wnndrriiij; race,") cscorti'd by JJIiccls,
paid by Ibu c;irricrH for Uic purpoBC. Tbi'y proceeded
by day witli »i\ advanced and rear-guard ol' these naked
bowint'U, and at ni;r|it for soeurity against the robbers,
the lionest Urinjairecs drew their com wiifrons into a
circle, placinu- tliiir cattle in the centre, anrl connecting
each ox with liis yoke-fcllow, and at leni;lh to wain, by
iron collars rivclcd round their necks, and fastened to
an iron chain, which last is locked to llio cart-wheel.
It is tlius extremely dilficnll to phnidur without awaking
them ; and in places of greater danger, one of the
Itrinjarrces always stanils sentry. Still farther on, de-
scending from tiic hills to the lowlands, the bishop
had hinisc If one of tliese poor Dheels for a guide, who,
as he trotted along the rugged road betbrc his horse's
hf.iil, with a shiilil and a iieally-inade hatchet, and with
a blanket of red biize llung oier bis shoulder, reminded
him stroiigly of the pictures of a North American
Indian. 'I'lie dashiiig appearance of this man was owing
to his bciiig in the company's pay, a.s R policeman ; but
the Dliecis hi re were generally in uuieb better plight,
and less givi n to robbing than in the hilly country.
After this, a strong escort of Ilheels was added to the
bishop's retinue. Tbey not only led him safely llirough
11 perilous ( ounlry, abounding with ravines, and broken
land overgrown with brush-wood, (the most favourable
of places tor the spring of a tiger, or the arrows of an
ambushed band of robbers, where ricently passengers
had Ik'cu plundered by Bbecl.-, and a man carried olF by
n tiger from a numenms convoy of artillery, on its march
to Kairah,) but they conducted him across the rapid
Ktreani of tlii^ Mbye, and on his arrival at Wnsnud,
acted a-s watchnifii to his camp, where their shrill calls
from one to the other were heard all niglif.
" We were (old," says llie bi.shop, " not to he surprised
at this choice, since these ))oor thieves are, when trusted,
the trustiest of men, and of nil .sentries the most wakeful
and indeliitigablc. 'I'bey and the Kholecs, a race almost
equally wild, are ujiiforndy prel! rrcd in (iuzerat for the
service of tlu^ police, and as durwuns to ginllemcii's
h'luscs and gareiiiis."
Wlicn Sir .loliii .Maleolni began the work of reforma-
tion, the very lirst step he took was to raise a small corps
of lihecls, commanded by their own chiefs, and " he-
lori'," says lie, " these robbers bad been in the service
one inonlli, I plieeil them as a guard over treasure ;
wliic:h had a surprising eti'eet, both in elevating them ill
their own minds, and in those of other parts of the coiii-
nmiiily." Nor did the jiidieious reformer stop here ; he
took as his emistanl atli'iiilints sonic of the most di'si>c-
rale of the pliiiulerliig ebirfs; and the good I'lfeet-s fullv
answered lln' ixpeelatioiis which he hail forined, by thus
inspiring conlidiner, and exalting bold and courageous
men in llieir oivii istiiuation.
W'r leive only to add in honour of this am lent ndibcr
race, that the lair sex have great iiilliiiiice in the society,
and that in the rerent rdiinii, their women acted a pro.
mliient part, and one worthy of the feelings and clinrae-
ter of llieir sex.
The very interi >^tiiig work of yU. Chailes Coleman,
rriie MytllnloifV of the Hindoos, with notices of various
moiiiitain and isbind tribes, &r.) recently published,
Liroi'ds the liillowiiig aildilliinal anecdotes relative to the
IlbeeN previous to tin ir reli.riiiiiliou.
" All Diiglish ollicer, a Ciplaiii II had, by in-
terrupting iinil woiniiliiig a llbn I, while lalMiuring in
his vocation (of robl«'ry), been marked out for vcngeame.
In coiiseipieiiee of Ibis hr bad a sentry to his house ; hut
from the neigh In airing bank of the ri\ir they bad worked
II siiblernineoiis passage fir ii eoiisidrrable distiinre,
large enonirli for one man to ei awl along, who had begun
to pi'rforiile the lloor of his beilebamber whin he was
discovered. >\'( had lit tin city where Ibis look plai'e
nearly two thoimaiid troops, yet it was necessary, liir the
olliecr's safely, t ) remove him to llombay. A I'arNee
inessman, who bad refused to pay the usual tribute to
the Hheels, was found dead in the morning in the mess.
I'Miin. It was bin custom to put his mat on ii large
wine cbeil where ho slept : in the morning he was found
• Tim llrlnjsrris^ |iiim iluir mIihIo llvm In rsirtliii trniii I'rnni
"111' pltl nl III Ill ry III Ihe olliir. Mill ii llii ir m« ii sriiiiilil.
Inn n» »ii'iii» I'm illiiri. 'I'licy irniil In Inivi' lii>i|||.a wjih ilii'n
WUI4. iliiltliiii, iliiiri. mtil liiiiilril Itiillii lipi. 'I'hi. iMcM no> all
ir il ni 11 |ini|i'iiliiii iigniiiHl |s ii) iIiimii. I'iiimi IIm' xivrri'luiiii
mill miiili'ii of llliiiliKi.iii. iliiy liuvu huililiia lo n|i|io'lii'iiil. Tlii'li
tsilliiil |4 nliiinai I'liiisiih rill ni rarriil. I'tiii iiiiiIiiiiIimii ninilin
Bllinv ili> Ml III |i?iiii mill ri'iman Kal. Iv ; iiiiir inkiiii! ihiir iiiiih1>
wiihiiiii iiiirrliiiki'. Mr I'Vi'ii (III vi iitiMii iIhih, ii Hmv pIhsih'. frmn
tlrliialllli||llli'lrilii'iii)'iir;iiii|i IhiIIi miIik uinly ii||iri'lii| liiri'a|iirl
HMil iiHiiiiriitii nhrMMli nl iinliH'rv, ilie lni>irii|iii r»liirli,
riilulil he niit'iiilisl null latiil i iiiineiiiiiiiieri lu Iniili. Thu piiiir
IukIIIV erUii'M' rnrii ciriiirH !• iiiaiiillniir
witli his head placed on the nicsstiiblc, tlic licudlcss body
lying on the chest.
An encampment of English, surrounded by two hun-
dred sentries, was robbed by this |)Cople :—
" When the morning broke forth, every officer had
been robbed, save one, and he had a priest (li.haiit) and a
Bheel guard. Nor did the |)oor aipliaufca escape ; for
when they gave the alarm of ' thief! thief!' tbey were
sure to get a blow or wound in the leg or thigh, from u
Illiecl lying on the ground, or moving almut on all-fours,
wrajiped in a bullock'.s hide or a sheepskin, or carrying
a bush before or over him, so that the sentries were de-
ceived ; and if they fired, they were as likely to bit some
of the women or children, or the followers, or the officers,
as the Bheel himself; and had they fired, the Bhccl, in
the dark, tlius pk-.ced in a populous camp, bad every ad-
vantage, liis weapon making no noise, and his compan-
ions lieing ready to shoot the siphnure through the head.
" Most of the olliccrs were up during the night, but
their presence was useless. Iiieuteiiant H did
lay hands on a Bheel, but he literally slipped through bis
lingers, being naked, his body oiled all over, and his
head shaved ; and on giving the alarm, one or two arrows
were seen to have gone through the cloths of the tent.
Were it (lossible to retain a holil of a Bheel, your mo.
tions must be as quick as lightning; for they carry the
blade of a knili', which is fastcneif round the neck by a
siring, and with which, if they find themselves in a
dilemma, they will rip up the p<'rson hohling them."
Captain jMuiidy, in his very spirited "Pen and Pencil
Sketches in India," relates tills (H-rsonal adventure.
" I retired to my tent this evening pretty well knocked
up ; and during the night hud an adventure, which might
have tcrminateil with more loss to myself, had I slejit
sounder. My bed, a low cliarpoy, or ' four feet,' was in
one corner of the tent, close to a door, and 1 awoke
several times from a levcrish doze, fancying 1 heard
snmetliing moving in my tent ; but could not discover
any thing, though a chcaring, or little Indian lamp, was
burning on the table. I thcrclbre again wooed the baliny
|«iwer, and slept. At length, just us ' the iron tongue of
midnight had told twelve' (for I had looked at my watch
five minutes before, and replaced it under my pillow,) I
was awakened by a rustling sound under my head ; and,
half o|H'niiig iiiy eyes, without changing my position, 1
saw a hideous bhick lace within a foot of iiiiiic, and the
owner of this index of a eut-throat, or, at least, ciit-piirse
ilisposition, kneeling on the carpet, with one hand under
my pillow, and the other gruspiiig — not a dagger I — but
the door-|>osl. Sliil without moving my body, and
with half closed eyes, I gently stole my right hand to
a boar-spear, which at night was always placed between
my Ih'iI and the wall ; and as soon as 1 had clutehcd it,
made a rapid and violi nt movenunt, in order to wrench
it from its pliire, and try the virtue of its point upon the
inlriider's body, but I wrenched in vain, fortunately
lor the robber, my bearer, in placing the wea|Kiii in its
usual recess, hail Ibricil the point into the lop of the tent
and the butt into Ihi' ground so firmly, that I failed to
extract it at the first etVnrt ; and my visiter, alarmed by
the movemeiil, starteil uihiii his fiet and rushed through
the door. I bad lime to sec that be was fMrfeelly naked,
with the except inn of a black bkinki t twisted round bis
loins, and lliiil he had already slowed away in his ekilli
my eaniUestii ks and my dressing ease, wbieli latter eon.
lamed litters, keys, money, and other valuables. I had
also leisure, in that brief space. In judge, from the size of
Ibe arm exleinli <l to my bed, that the bearer was more
liirmed liir aetitity than sirenglh ; niid, by his grizzled
beard, llial he was rather old lliiiii young. I therefore
sprang Irniii my In il, and daiting Ibriuigb the purdar of
the inner door, seized him by the euinmiTbuiid just as
be was passing the outer cnlranee.* The cloth, how-
ever, iH'iiig loose, gave way, and ere I eonid eonlirm my
grasp, he snalibcd it from my hand, tearing uwrty my
llniiiih nail ikiwii III the ipiiek. In his y to cseii|H',
be sliimbled through the outer piirdar, and llic imicb
esleeined dressing ease fill out of his Inoseneil zone. I
was HO ebise al bis heels, that he could not recover it i
and jumping over Ibe lent ropes — which, iloublless, the
rogue ealciiliitid would trip me u|i — he ran lowards the
riNid. I WKs in such a fiiry, that, furgelling my hare
feel, I ifHVe chase, voeifurating lustily, ' Cbiior I ehiHir 1'
ilbief! thief!) but was mhiii bniuuht up by Home sharp
slones, just in lime to see my rascal, by the liiiiit light of
the moon through the lliiek liiliage overhead, jump upon
II irm' Hlniidiiig iinlii'ld near tliu roail, nnd iiiuli down
' Til" l>'Ml« In liiitli hnv« ilniililp fll»«; ilir- nairr Kliinsiii. m
Hsll, riiinilnin viianiiah, iif mjuui I'uiii tiwl Wlilc, luuiid llii In
nrmr |invllli>ii.
the path at full sjiecd, his black blanket flying in |:,
wind. What would I have given for my d~uble burnlln
joe at that moment I As he and his steed went clatti rii,r
along the rocky forest road, I thought of tlie black liiir,|^
man of tlic Martz, or the erl king I lieturnuig lu i,,;
tent, I solaced myself by abusing my servants, wlm «,;
just rubbing their eyes and stirring themselves, and . I
threatening tlie terrified seimy sentry witli a court n,; '
tial. My trunks at night were always placed uui,,
the lent, under the sentry's eye ; tlic robber, then i; ;
must have made bis entry on the opposite side, :iiii]
must have been an adept in his vocation, as fonr or i,
servants were sleeping between the kbanaulR. 'i'lic |,,
devil did not get much booty for his trouble, having y
secured a razor, a pot of pomatum, (which will sirv,
hibricalc his person for his next cxjiloit,) and the lai.i
sticks, which on closer inspection will prove to liini •
Iruth of the axiom, that 'all is not gold tJial glittri>,
even silver. » * « The next niorning, on relaliiij;
adventure, I was told that I was Ibrtmiale in liavii;i.,|
cajied cold steel; and many eomfbrtable instaiicii \ I
recited, of the robbed being staLlxd in attempting |i
cure the robber."
Of the otiicr professed robbers atid thieves in (
India, the two principal are the Bnugries and .VIi));Li
both Hindoos of the lowest caste: their redeeming ijii;„
ties arc bravery and cxperfncss; they are "true to ii...
salt," or to those who feed them, beyond most dfu
Hindoos; and so literally do they adopt the provcrli, ij
they avoid tabling salt from the hands of any but ti.,,
own brethren, that they may not be fettered in I',.
darling pursuit of plunder. The (Jwarriahs ore a Ir:
who support themselves by stealing women and cliildri,
whom they sell as slaves; but this abominable prao;
has nearly licin abolished wherever British iiiHuenccnl
tends. 'J'lic Thugs are the lust, and worst of aJl. Itv
arc bands of mendicants, selfcalled pilgrims, pill'ini
roblxrs, and cowardly-, treacherous murilerers, dii
Brahmins, but composed of all cla.stes, even of Miilio
tans. They assume all sorts of disguises; somrlii
seeking protection from travellers, at others oll'criiij;
in either case the fate of those who trust thcni ij
same.
" 'I'lic Thugs," says Sir John ^Malcolm,* " carry (
ccalcd a long silken cord with a noose, which tin vtLi
round the necks of their heedless eompanions, wlin
strangled and plundered. Their victims, who are aliia
selected fiir having properly, are, when nunicrnns rt
all on their guard, hilled liy every art into eontii
They are invited to feasts, where their victuals anil J-
ari' mixed with soporific or poisonous drugs, thrriusl
elVecIs of which they fiill an easy prey to these niiinl.pi
and robbers, the extraordinary success of whose alrn
can only he uecoiintcil fiir by the eondition of tin' o
tries in which they take place."
The name of these monsters — Thug, t/iiasi Tut
Rnglish, would not be altogether inapplicable, as n .
a principal part of their performance. " Tiny »
th« ir opportunity," says Bishop Hcbcr, " to fling a
with a slip-knot over the heads of their vicliniv, ami
they drag tin in from tin ii horses and strangli' u
ami so niiiilily and with such fatal aim are tbey sai:
do this, thai they seldoin miss, and leave no liiiii' in
traveller In draw a sword, or use a gun, or in uiu
defind or dihciilangle liimsell'. The wnlehis wliof
lise Ibis are very iiunnrous in (Juzeriit nnd Al«l»j,
when liny oiciir in HindoHlan, are generally from
siiiilheastern proviiii i s."
At an immeasurable distance from these iinlini.ii
robbers — these hosts of hereditary bamlitii in Iiiili:
more like our casual, lawless associalions in l'liirii|i
the Deidits, who purlienlarly infisl the neighbiiiirli
Ciileutta, robbini; on the river in bonis, or phiiiilrnnil
shore. 'J'lieir gang-robbery is said vc ry nearly In ri
that of the Kibandnien ol Inland, but umniviil w
political filling. Five or tin |Hasaiits will incit Uc
as soon as it is dark, to attack some neighbour's I
and not only pliiiiiler, but torture him, his uili
ebildnii, Willi horrible iriielly.lo make liiin ili.Min
money. In the daytime Ibcse marauders fullow |Mai'
professions, and some of Ihein are tlui\iiig iiiiii
Ibe whole firm is ol^en under the prolei'linn nl'
iiiindar, (a Linilbulder, or lord of Ibe manor,) wlinil
Ibe booty, and dncH his best to bring olf any iiflln
uho niav bill into the hands of justice, by siilHiriiiiif
111 sses III prove an alibi, bribing the iiilirior ii|iiiil>|
pollir, or iiilimidaling Ibe witnesKcn liir the pniri
Thus, many men siis|K'el<'d of these praetiees, r
Id live on, I'rom ytinr to ycnr, in tnlernbly good
Iwilli their nei
Int'a governnii
I'J'lii' evil is su
jof spirit sho|H
lloiiiitains of ii
Jnnd .Aliissulm;
ldrii:i!tenncss o
Ijiissioiis llicy
iwlii:li night fii
*,siiii|is fiirnish <
iwlio may be b;
I Till' niounta
SC:ni!iiil, iietwce
hrM liki' the Ar
[I'i'-iiils, and
n'.'U on the st
■Irii^. Alllioug,
|(inriis of their
^rifi - llint may
Tiirre is, lor
C'lat-licriN, will
iliroiigli llie llii
aiiis, and are in
iiniiiit.iiii biars
liiir wild eoiinl
liiy .'iri' never b
lill-:. 'I'liry are
ml always on I
oni Caiibiil tlirc
liiiDi tbey iiivai
Aliiri' iinportai
JAvrees, a |H)\yi
y aiiiniig the
ly pine forests, b
.ili'il spotf-. The
if lliiir iieigbhoi
lunil il iiiipossihl
iwii iiiinilry. '1"
iiiiiill liaiiilels of
iliiocs tlii'y live
Is'sf rise above
Ir.' so liiirh as to i
tivcll ill black ten
.iry straw lints
irinif, and slay tl
ck to the low an
[,'oals ; but Ihey
rses. They bay
li'il into soeietic
liiTs under a siin
■irkalili' tbr their
i''y liiive no wars
iMnily evil- huar
Niiloiioii..|ilimi|e
lO'irl CTiilitrd by II
|iliiiii llirough t
'I'liey are iiarlii
Il ilii'
I'.'iravans, aU'
I "f (■'liolairee.
il tor lliire; the
lit iilt.iiks or fig
" " I'l men in the
'."■rirs Honlil eve
inik; hill Ihey „,,,.,
\ HMiiiler fro'm n c
"I ^eiiil giiicl,.^ (n ,
'"'iM inirt with lb
ki' hi" w,iy inii) |
'lid tliin h'l' oblige
I'l ?'""! will which
"y. Ilial if lliet
""' parly will sa
fikiiiL' ills lieiir
iliiiiit ,
iispicion III
• Mfiiifilrnrctnlr.il Imlls, vol II |i IW
' lliivr moiiiii.iiii ri
'l"l I" line to III,, ,
I" " "r diiiighli'rs I
rlMiiiiH men, who 1
"ly nil drudgery a
'■"'■ "f llii'ir l)i,el
liilniiir from ihe
'I ivlr.iorilin.iry i
n-a i; male prero
y iithiT [N'ople u|Hiii
iii'liihabitiif,.,,,,
'<'':"iiiliiflli,, Kln,,l,
"I'l-ll'lllll*!!,!., ,lH, „,
BUCCANEERS OF AMERICA.
117
aukct lly'"K iniii
iiiy il-ublc burr<l',.(
Iced went fclaltrrin;
itoftlicbhickhur,i»
! Ucturn'uifr to u,;
f servants, wliu «,-
; themselves, aiij ,■
ry willi a court msll
ways placed oiitii; '
lie robber, thertfo,;
)pi)ositc tide, imdr.
;utioii, as four ort:
klianauts. 'I'liu |/<i
1 trouble, having oiv
, (which will servi.l
,)loit,) and the tav.i., '
will prove to hiiiit
rold lluit glitters,' ^
ling, on relaliiit; h
irtunate in havir.«.,
riable instancis i ■
il in attempting lo ■■
jid thieves in Ccns.-i
migries and MofL.j
their redeenun|{ iiu...f
hey are " true lo 11. .'
I, biyond moBi cif jl
adopt the proverli,
lands ol" any but li.i,]
,t be rettercd in tl,
Cwiirriahs ore a I:;
,g women and cliiliirJ
is abominable praci;|
er Ilritish influence f
ind worst of all. Thl
lied pilgrims, piltVrJ
BUS muiderers, (lik:j
asi-es, even of Malij,
f disgnises ; soini lia
s, at others otl'eriui;
who trust thcin i; .
Malcolm,* " carry (J
loose, which thry tl: j
s companionB, win
ictims, who are ohv;^
|, when nuniernus r:
ry art into ronlid ■
their victvials iimli!;
nons drugs, tiiroiisk'j
prey lo Ihise nn
leeess of whose iilriii;;
condition of tlic c.(
— Tlnig, '/""si 'l'"C
iiiap|ilienble,aK ri;:
fnianee. "Tluy «■
ileher, "Id IliuK a:
If llieir \ictiinii, aii'l'
}vn and strauL'K' I"
il aim are tin y sai'
\u\ leave no linn' \"
a gun, or in any
Iriie wrtlehes \vliu|
lu/.criil and .\luK\s,
[are generally I'roiu
from ihcHc imliniii
ly haiiilitti in Inil
I'.cialions in K.iiriii«,i
Isl the neighlii.nrli
llnialx, or piniiili riiit|
1 VI ry nenrly loriw
II, Inil nninixid Willi
lanlH Hill null tur'
■une luighliourV Ik
luri' him, his will,
ninki him di.«nnrti
lan<lers follow l"ar
Ire thriving iinii,*
Ihe proleelion nl' >
Itlie manor,) wlm
Ting olVany of ili
listiee, hy BidHinniu
Ihc inferior iiniiul
UcB for llie prnw
IbeBii praeliei's, n*'
tolerably K<«<1
I, vol, II. p 1W
I 1,1, iiieir neighbours, and completely beyond the reach
lof a government which requires proof cro it will punish.
I'I'lii' evil is 8iip|)0sc<l to have increased since the number
lofsiirit slio|>s has spread so rapidly in Calcutta. These
Ifonntains of mischief are thronged lioth hy Ihu Hindoo
land ■Mussulman population, cs|)ccially at night; and thus
Idrunkenness on ardent spirits, and the fierce and hateful
|iMS''ions they eugonder, lead naturally to those results
Iwhicli night fiivours, at the same time that the drinking
Limps furnish convenient places of meeting for all men
tvlio may be banded for nn illicit purpose.
AIUIIAN KOBBERS.
Thl' nioiiiitnin trilics of the Afghan race who dwell in
anliiil, l)i'tweeu India and Persia, are nearly all robbers;
but like the .Vrab.^, unite pillage with pastoral or other
mrsuits, .and commit their depredations almost exclu-
ivilv on the strangers that travel through their coun-
rics, .Mtbough I am not in possession of any striking
Inrics of their actions, there are two or three of these
Iriks that may claim attention from their peculiarities.
There is, for c.vaniple, that of the Jadrauns, a race of
roat-herds «'lio wander continually with their goats
liroii"lj the thick pine forests that cover their nmun-
ahis, and are in ap|R'aranco and habits of life more like
iioniilain bears than men. They are not numerous;
hi ir wild country is never explored by travellers, and
lnv arc never by any chance met with out of their own
U. They are souu'tinu's at war with their neighbours,
I aUv.iys on llie look-out for travellers on the road
roni Canbnl through Unngush, near the pass of I'eiwaur,
(li.mi they invariably phnuhr.
.More important than these bcar-likc roblicrs, are the
i/ciree-i, a |H)werful tribe, occupying an extensive coun-
V aniniig the mountains, which are also here covered
IV iiiiio forests, but conUiin some fi:w cleared and enlti-
iiloil )i\M\f. 'I'lieir habits arc almost as retiring as tlios.^
if their ueighhonrs, the Jadrauns, and Mr. KIphinslonc
unil il iiiipossililo to meet with a Vizeeree out of his
iwii country. 'I'hose of the tril)e who arc fixed, live in
nail haiidels of lliatclicd and terraced houses ; in some
laocs they live in caves cut out of the rocks. Some of
bi'se ris(^ above each other in three stories, and others
1 hisrii a.s to admit a camel. Ihit most of the tribe
twi'll ill black tents, or moveable hovels of mats, or tem-
,iry straw huts; these go up to the high moimtainH In
prinij, and stay there till the cold and snow drive them
ek to the low and warm hills. Their principal stock
L'oals; Iml they also breed many small, but serviceable
i.-se.<. They have no general government ; but are di-
liil inln societies, some under powerful Khans, and
lier.-i iiiiihr a simple democracy; they are all most re-
irkahlf lor their |Maeeful conilnit among themselves ;
■y liive no wars between clans, and private dissension
hariily evi i- heard of; and yet llii'y are all robbers I
Noloiioiis pluinlerirs, however, as they are, the smallest
rnrt iriuled by them, secmres a traveller a hospitable
!■• |iiiiin Ihroiigh the whole tribe,
" Thl y are |)arlieularly reniarkalde for their attacks
a ihi eiiravans, and miijratory trilxs lo the west of the
1 of (Ihnlairee. No escorts are ever granted, or ap.
I for III! re; the caravan is well guarded, ami able to
II r iillai ks or light its way through. No ipinrler is
MM to iinu ill these predalnry wars; il is said that llie
/< nil would even kill n male child that fell into lh<'ir
rnU; hilt Ibey never molest women ; and if one of their
\ rt.inih'r from a caravan, llu'y treat her with kiinlness,
ml guides lo escort her to her IriU'. Ilvi n a man
'(I'lhl iinel with the Bnme trealineut, if he could onee
ake hii way into llie limise of a Viy.eeree; the iinisler
loiihl thin be obliged lo treat him with all the attention
ml SoihI will which is due lo a guest. Sncli is their
Tiiiiy, llnil if there is a dispute about a fiiay goal,
'I one parlv will say it is his, and eonfirm his assertion
"Irokiiig Ills Is'ard, llie other instantly gives it up,
llioiit siiKpii'ion of Iraiid."*
Till «!' inoimtain robbers have really eriilird notions of
lliil is iliii' lo the genller sex. So kind lo the stray
li'ii or il.iiiglilers of others, imlike savages or seini-
rliaroiis iinii, who llirow olV from their own shoulders
idy nil clniilgrrv and labour save that of the chase, or
lari' of llnir iVirks, lliese Vi/.eerres do not reipiire
y laliinir I'rom llicir women. Hut not onlv this; a
lit I vtrioriliiiary eusloiii is said lo prevail niiiong
Inn— a li iiiiile prerogative that has no parallel nnioiig
olhiT |Mnple ii|HiM earth, and that reverses wlinl we
III tin habit iifeoiisideriiig tin' iialiiral order of things
' AiTMiiiii of ilii. Mmiliminrr'aulnil, liy liio llonouralilo Moaiil
l"ii iiiiiinmimK, \(ii, ii, |i, uT,
— the women choose their liusbands, and not the husbands
their wivi^s I
" If a woman is pleased with a man, she sends the
Irummer of the camp to pin a liandkcreliicf to his cap,
with a pin which she has used lo fasten her hair. 'I'he
drummer watches his op|)ortunity , and does this in public,
naming the woman, and the man is immediately obliged
to marry her, if he can pay her price to her father."*
The Sheerannccs arc a tribe more imiKirtaiit still,
great part of whose country is occupied l;y the lolly
mountain of Tukhti Solimaun, and the hills which sur-
round ils base. Many parts of it are nearly inaccessible;
one of the roa<ls is in some jilaccs cut out of the steep
face of the mountain, and in others siip|X)rted hy lieams
inserted in the rock, and with all this labour is still im-
practicable for beasts of bunlen.
'I'he habits of a pastoral, wandering life, dispose to
robbery ; hut unlike the other tribes, the Sheeraunces are
essentially an agricultural people, keeping llieir valleys
in a high state of cultivation, hy means of damming the
hill streams to irrigate them ; and yet lliey are, |K'rliaps,
the greatest robbers of all tliej^e .M'glians.
'I'hey arc governed by a chief called the Necka, or
grandlather, who is snperstiliously reverenced hy them,
and lell in possession of an extraordinary degree of
power. He commands tlieiii in their predatory expi'-
ditions, and before the men inarch they all pass under
lis turban, which is stretched out liir the purpose by the
Neeka and a Aloolah. 'I'his, they think secures them
from wounds and death.
riipy respect none of the neighhouring tribes that pass
through their country, in their annual pastoral migra-
tions; they attack them oil: they may, indeed, be said
lo he at war with all the world, since Ibey pluiuler every
traveller that comes witliin their reach. They even at-
tack the dead !
" While I was in their neighl)onrhoo<l," says Mr. EI-
phinslone, " they stop|>cd the body of a Donrance of rank,
which was going tlirougli their country to bo buried at
Candahur, and detained it till a ransom had been paid
for it."
This is rather worse than a barbarous law that has
lingered on even in England to our days, and allows the
creditor to arrest tlic corpse of a debtor. These Slieeran-
nees, however, enjoy the reputation of unhlcmished good
faith, and a traveller who Iriisls himself to Ihein, or liires
an escort from among them, may pass through their
country in perfect security. Mr. Elphinstone says that
these curious robb<TS are very punctual in their prayers,
but do not appear to feel much real devotion. In confirma-
tion of this opinion, he adds the following amusing anec-
dote.
' I once saw a Sheeraimee |H'rforniiiig his Naniaz,
while some people in the same eoiiipnuy were talking of
hunting; the size of deer hoppened to he mentioned, and
the .Slici'raunee, in the midst of his prostrations, called
out that the deer in his enimlry were as large as little
bullocks, and then went on with his devotions I"
THE niTcc.\.\i:i:i{s ov amf.rica.
The following iiecinml of a most e.vteiisive eomhiimtion
of outlaws, will not we trust be deemed tedious, though
there is more di tail than mere amm-enient would .M'eiu
lo reipiire. It is the only accessible abriilgeiueiil of a
very long history, which is less known |)erhaps than
most other important items of .\meriiMin annals. Cap
lain Miiriiey's work is an expensive one, in five quarto
iiilumes, the fourth eoiitiiiiiiiig the history of the Ihieia-
leers; the exact title is " .\ ( liroiiologieal Historv of tin
Voyages and Discoveries in the ."*ontli Sea." 'I'liese five
volmiies will Ih' found on the sin 1ms of the Pliiladelphiu
Library. — Eil.
Scarcely any class of robhirs have been more con.
spienous, or have operiited on a grander scale, than Ibi
limeanevrs and Klibiiytiers of America, I remeinlH'r,
when a child, Is'lng horribly aiimsed bv a bcHik that was
|>ipular at the lime, as il probably still is with young
[M'ople, wbleh roiilaiiied the li\eii of many of these nolo
rioiis ehnrnelers, with iiiimile aceoiinis of their cruelties
and atrocities. The book Ih probably ns fresh in llie
memory of most of my readers. It is not my intention
to draw from il, or lo give n glinHlly liiliTcsl in the pre.
sent work, hy qunling how the monsler Morgan lorturrd
his captives, or made them " walk the piniik," or similar
mnlters, but lo give a brief sketch of Ihesu darinK ml.
* tilunii p. 09,
venturers from Captain Bnrncy's voluminous, hut inte-
resting and authentic work, which in itself ennlains a
mine of geographical and various infornialion, first col-
leeled hy the Huccaneeis. All the other histories of these
men, and they arc numerous, are, as Captain Hiirney re-
marks, " boastful com|)osilions which have delighted in
exaggeration ; and what is most mischievous, they have
lavished commendations upon ads which demanded re-
probation, and have endeavoured to rai.-o niisercanlj<, no.
torious fiir their want of Imiuauily, to the rank of heroes,
lessening thereby the stain upon "rnblery, and the abliur-
reiice naturally conceived against criiellv."
Captain liiirney thus deserilHs the origin of these law-
less associations, which for two centuries were allowed
to carry on their depredations.
" The men whose enterprises lire lo be relati il, were
natives of dilferent I'liiropian naliims, but eliietly of
(ireat Britain and France, and most of I hem ser'-faring
people, who being disappointed, by accidents or the en-
luily of the Spaniards, in their more sober pnrsuilji in
the West Inilies, and also instigated by Ibir.sl for pliiniler,
.T-s much lis hy desire for vengeance, emiiodied llieiiiMlves
under ditVerent h'aders of their own clionsiiig, lo make
predatory war n|ioii the Spaniards. These men tin;
Spaniards ii.ilurally treated as piratis ; but iome peiiiliar
eircunistanees which provoked their first enterprises, and
a general liiling of cninily against that nation on nc-
count of her American conquests, proiured them the
eoimivaiue of the rest of the maritime slates of Fiirope,
and to be distinguished, first by the sortened appi llnlious
of freebooters and adviiitiirers, and utlerwartls by that of
buccaneers."
Spain, Indeed, considerrd the New World ,ts treasure-
trove of which she was lawfully and exeliisively the mis-
tress. The well known hull olM'opc Alexander VI. gave
what was then liehl as a sacred recognition of then' ex-
cliisiye rights. Unaccountable as such felly may now
appear, it is an historiiMl fail lliiit the Spaniards at lir.'t
tiincied they could keep their discovery of the West India
islands anil of the American continent a secret from llio
rest of the world, and preveni the ships of other nntioiis
from finding their way thither. Wlieu, in the year 1517,
nlKiut twenty. five years after their first petllenienls, llio
Spaniards found a largo English ship between St. Do-
iningo, and Porto Bii'o, Ibey were overcome with rngo
and astonishment ; and when this same ship (aine to
the mouth of the |Kirt of St. Domingo, and the captain
sent on shore to request prriiiission lo sell his goods,
Francisco di Tnpia, the governor of the Spanish tort,
ordered the cannons lo he fired at her, on which llio
English wire obliged to wi igli anchor and shei r olf.
Tlio news of this unexpected \i>il, when known in
Spain, caused gri'al iuquielnile, and the governor of
the castle of St. nomiiijio was repriiiiandeil, " becanse ho
bad not, instead of forcing the Fiiiglish ship lo depart by
firing bis cannon, contrived to seize her, so that no rno
might have relumed to leach others of her nation Ihu
route lo the Spanish Indies."
Ill the I lenilnile of her ]>ower and pretensions, how-
ever, neither the Kreneli nor the I'lut'lish, thoimli win ii
taken they were harbaronslv Irenlid as pirates, were lo
1h" deterred, .\eeoriliiig lo tiakluyl, one Thoiiias Tysuii
was sent lo the West Indies in I.VJIi, as factor lo soiiio
Rnglish merchants, and many advenluiers soon followed
him. The French, who had made several voyages lo llio
Brazils, also increased in niiiubeis in the West Indies.
.\ll these went with the eirtainty that they should meet
with hostility from Ihe Spaniarils, which Ibey resolved
to return with bnstirny. That Iliey diil net alwiiys wail
fiir all iittaek, appiars by an inuiiiinus phrase of llin
I'Vi'iieh ndveiilnrerK, who, if the lirsl opporlimily was in
llieir favour, li riiied their pridiliiig by il, " tUilmuninurr
imi ar.iiirr." To repress IIiim' interlopers, the iealoiis
Spaniards employed ariiii d sliipi, or pinirihi-rnslii', lliii
eoiiiiiianders of which wi re iiistriieliil to lake no pri.
soiiers ! On the other liiiiid, the iiilnulers joined their
mnnbers, innih< eoniliiiinlioiis, and descended on iliHi ri lit
parts of the coast, ravagimr Ilia ,S|iani»li towns and settle.
nlenl^^ A worliirr wiis lliuii istablislied between Kii.
ro|Haiis in Ihe WesI Indies, entirely iiidepcndenl of
Iriinsnclions in Europe. All Kiiropeiiiis not .Spaiiiardii,
whiilur there was war or peace lielween llieir rei<|M.clive
nations in the Old World, on lliiir meiiiiig in the New,
regarded each other n» iViends and allien, with llic S|ia.
niarils for their common rneniy, mid cslled tin iiiscIvcm
" llrelhren of the Coast."
Their prinei|)al pursuit was not ofn iinturo lo biimanlsp
these despi rate aiheiiliirer', for it was bunting of cattle,
the hides mid suit of wliieb Ihry could Iniii to prnfilnblo
nceimnl. "The time when Ibey began lo form factories,"
snyH Caplnin Ikirnry, "to hunt crIIIc for Ihu rkint, and
r'' ' .■ '**
'' ' -^
V. ■ -'■■■■■i'-v!^
■ *'^i»
;;.
m
M
'■■^f^
iia
LIVIS OF BANDITTI AND ROBBERS.
r"-i-*
to cure the flcsli as an article of tratfic, is not certain, but
it may lie concluded tliat tlicso occupations were begun
by the crews of wrecked vessels, or by seamen who iiad
disagreed with their connnander; and that the case,
plenty, and freedom from all command and subordina-
tion enjoyed in such a lite, soon drew others to quit their
ships, and join in the same occupations. 'I'hc ships that
touched on the coast sup|)lied the Imnters with Euroi)can
commodities, for which tlicy received in return, hides,
tallow, and cured meat."
When the Spanish court complained to the dift'erent
governments of Europe, of which these men were the
naturnl subjeeb--, it was answered : " That the |)eople
complained against, acted entirely on their own authority
and responsiijilily, not as the sulijeets of any prince, and
that tiie king of Spain was at liberty to proceed against
tliein according to his own pleasure." Hut the lion-
hearted Qiucii liess retorted more boldly. "That the
Spani.irds had drawn these inconveniences ujion them-
eelves, by their severe and unjust dealings in their Ame-
rican eornineree; liir she did not understand why either
her subjects, or those of any other 10uro|K'an prince,
should \k.' debarred from trallic in the West Indies. That
as slie did not acknowledge the Spaniards to have any
title by the donation of the bishop of Rome, so she knew
no right they had to any places others than tliosc they
were in actual possession of; for that their having touched
only here and there upou a coast, and given names to a
tew rivers and capes, were sucli insignificant things as
could no ways entitle them to a propriety further than in
the parts where they actually settled and continued to
inhabit."*
" The Drelhreii of the Coast" were first known by the
general term of Flijiustier, which is sup|K)sed to be no-
thing liut the Freneh sailors' corruption of our word
" Ireeliualer." The origin of the term buccaneer, by
wliieli tliey were afterwards designated, is of curious de-
rivation.
" The flesh of the cattle Killed by the hunters was
cured to keep good fur use, alU-r a manner leai-ncd from
the Cariblice Indians, which was as follows : the meat
was laid to be dried upon a W(X)den grate or hurdle,
which the Indians called baiber.ii, placed at a good dis-
tance over a slow fire. The meat when cured was called
hoKcan, and the same name was given to the |)lacc of
their cookery." From bnucan they made the verb buu-
diner, whicli the IJictimtniiire dc Tievoux explains to be
" to clry red, without salt," and then Uio noun Uoucaniir,
ijiiani buccaneer.
This curious association, that united the calling of
Imnters and cruisers, was held lojfetlier by u very simple
code of laws and regulations. It is said that every mem-
bi T of it had his chosen and declared comrade, lietwecn
whom propiTty was in common while they lived together,
and when one of the two died, the other succeeded to
ivhatever he iKisses-ed. 'I his, however, was not a com-
pulsatory regulation, I'or the buccaneers were known at
times to lH'(|niath by will to their relatives or friends in
Euro|K>. 'I'liere was a general right of participation in-
sisted upon in ('( rtain things, among which was meat for
present eonsuniplion and other necessaries of life. It has
I'veu been said that bolts, locks, and every kind of I'aslen-
iiig weri' prohiiiiled as implying a doubt of " the honour
of their viicalion." .Many men of rc^iKctable lineage be-
came bueeaiii irs, nn which it was eusloniary for them
to drop their fiinily name, and to assume a iKiiii itf
Itueiie. " .Some iiiridus aneedntes," says Captain Ihir-
ney, " are proihieed, (o show the great resjM'Ct some of
them enlrrlaineil tnr religion and morality. A certniji
IlibuHtier ea|itain, nameil Diinlil, shot one of his crew in
the ehureli, for behaving irn verenlly during the [M-r-
I'orjnaiii'e of mass. |{aveni'aii ile I.ussan took the occu-
pation of a liinciiii'iT, JMcanse he was in debt, and wished,
an every Iioik st man should do, to have wherewithal to
salisly his en dilors."
In the year lll'i."i the English and rrcncli together t(K)k
possession of the i.kind of Si. Christopher, and live years
later of the .<inall inland of Tortuga, niiirthe north. vvesl of
IIiip.uiiohi,whiehcontinui d lobe liir some years the head-
ipi.rlcrs of the bnceaneirn, who, whenever the einmlries
of which they were nalivei were at war with Spain, ob.
taineil eomiuHsioiis from Enro|H', ami aeled as rignhr
privali'i rs in the West Indies, and on the Spiinisb main.
Ill \>t'.t^, llir .Spaniiirds in great liirce suii|iriseil the
inland of Torliig I, while most of the adventurers were
nlinenl in lll«piliiola engaged in the elias(\ of ealtle, and
Imrbaroiisly masHiiered all hIio fell into their hands. The
.Sjuiiiiards di<l not garrison the island. Snoii al)er tliiir
diiporture, tJie buccaneers, to tin' nuiiibi'rs of three Imii-
*Ckiuiluiri Kliiabelli, A. D. 1680.
drcd, again took possession of Tortuga, and then for the
first lime elected a chief or commander.
As the hostility of the buccaneers was solely directed
against the Spaniards, all other Europeans in those lati-
tudes regarded them as champions in the common cause;
and tlie severities which had been exercised against them
increased the sympathy for tlicni in tlie breasts of others,
and inilamed their own hearts with the thirst of revenge.
Their numU'rs were speedily recruited by English,
French, and Dutch from all parts, and both tlic pursuits
of hunting ajul cruising were followed with redoubled
vigour. At this time, the French in particular seemed
to pride themselves in the buccaneers, whom their writers
styled "line bruvex." The English eontented themselves
with speaking of their " unparalleled exploits."
.Vbout the middle of the seventeenth century, the
French addicted themselves almost exclusively to liuiit-
iiig. Ilispaiiiola was their great resort, and as the
."Spaniards found they could not expel them from that
Island, they themselves destroyed the cattle and wild
hogs, in Older to render the business of hunting iinpro-
diietive. This drove the I'reneh to other branches of in-
dustry, equally opposed to the inclinations of the Spa-
niards ; for finding the chase no longer profitable, they
began to cultivate the soil and to cruise more than ever.
The exterinination practised upon them by the Spa-
niards whenever they lill into their hands, seems to have
been admitted as a standing and praiseworthy law among
the latter (leeple, while it naturally produced an eipially
sanguinary retaliation on the part of the adventurers.
The cruelties of the Spaniards were niiieli circulated in
Europe in the form of popular stories, and produced a
great ctVeet. A Fieiiehinan, a native of Laiiguedoe, of
the name of ^loiitbars, on reading one of these stories,
conceived such an iiii|)lacalile haired against the Spa-
niards, that he went to the West Indies, joined tlie biiici;.
neers, and pursued his vengeance with so niiieli ardour
and success, that he obtained the title of " The Exter-
minator."
I'ierre, a native of Diepiie, whose name was graced
with the adjunct of " Le Grand," wiia another famous
French buccaneer. In a boat witli only twenty-eight
men, he surprised and took the ship of the vice-admiral
of the Spanish galleons, as she was sailing homeward
with a rich Ireight. He did not, however, disgrace his
exploit by mausacre, for he set the S|>aiiisli crew on shore
at Cape Thuron, and carried his prize safely to France.
A native of I'ortugal, styled Itartoloiiieo Portuguez,
aliio rendered himself liimous about this time for his nu-
merous ami wonderful escapes in battle and I'roni the
gallows.
" Hut," continues Captain Hurncy, " no one of the
buccaneers hithi'rto named, arrived at so great a degree
of notoriety as a Frenchman called Frani;ois I/Olunnais.
This man, and .Michel le llas<|ue,at the head of bJU men,
took the towns of .Maracailx) and Gibraltar, in the gulf
of Venezuela. The booty they obtained by the plunder
an<l ransom of these places was estimated at 400,000
crowns. The barbarities practised on the prisoners
could not be exceeded. Ij'Oloimais was possessed with
an ambition to make himself renowned for being terrible.
At one time, it is said, he put the whole crew of a Spa-
nish ship, iiiiiely men, to death, |H'rforiiiing himself the
olliee of exeeiilioiK'r, by beheading them, lie caused
the crews of four ollar vi ssi Is to be thrown into the
sea; and more lliaii oiiee, in his frenzies, hi' tore nut the
hearts of his viilims and devoured them! Yet this man
had his eneoiiiia^ts ! so miieli will loose notions con-
cerning gloiy, aided by a litlle partiality, inishad even
sensible men. Thi' career of this savage was termiimteil
by the Indians of the coast of Darieii, on which he had
laniled."
The biiceani'i'rs now bicaine so furmidable, that seve.
ral Spanish towns siibiiiilted to pay them regular eoiitri-
biitioiis. They were eommiinili d at this time by one
Maiisvdl, whcise eoiiiilry is iiiikiiowii, but wh<i was fob
I iwid willi eipiiil alacrity by both Freiieh and Knglish,
and who seems In liavi' In en more provident and more
ambllious llian any ehii f who had piieeiU'd him. lie
loriiicd a plan liir loimding an indi'iHiideiit biieeamcr es.
lablisliMii'Mt, and al the head of fiM' hundred mi n lisik
llie island of .^anta Kal.ilina for lh.it piirposu from the
Spniiiiiril", and garrisiined it with one hunilred binea-
niirs, and all the sbues he had taki ii. A Wi'lsbman
ealli il Henry .Morgan, was the seeoiid in command on
tins <'X|H dition. jMaiisvill died of lllnesN shorlly afti r,
will II till' garrison he had li II wa.i obliged to siii render
III the Spaniards.
Oil Ilie ilealh of Maiisvell, Morgan iH'eaine the chief,
nnil the niokt linlimi.le lei.iler of the biieenniirs. A
liody of several Imndied men placed themselves under
his command, with whom he look and plundircil ||,(
town of Puerto del I'rineipe in Cuba. At this iijso^. ,
Frenchman was foully slain by an Englishman. .\\]
the French took to arms, but Morgai. j^acified llieia |,j
putting the murderer in irons, and afterwards lianj;!!]'.
Iiiin at Jamaica. Morgan, however, whom the old Eu^.
lisli author of " the liuccanecrs of Anieriea" styles !<„ ;
Henry Morgan, did not respect the old proverb, of 1,,, I
nour among thieves ; in consequence of which, most ,,f i
the French separated from him. Yet he was stn.n. '
enough shortly after to attack Porto Uello, one of li, ■
best fortified places belonging to the Spaniards. H,,
bravery and his wonderful aildress are oversh.-.downj l; ;
Ihe shocking cruellies he committed in this expiiliiiir '
In the attack of a fort, he comfKlled a number of prirsK ■■
monks, and nuns, his prisoners, to carry and jiluiit ij. j
sealing ladders against li.e walls; and many of llu.,!
poor creatures were killid ii}' tliiir eoimliymen wlioii., I
fended the fort. A castle that had made a bold iisi,' j
aiice, on surrendering, was set on fire, iind burned Id li.i
ground with the garrison wilhin it. .Many prisiiiiu,|
died under the tortures that Morgan inllicted on lIun j
to make them discover concealed treasures, which fn.i
queiitly had no existence, save in the cupidity ufjiu
imagination.
In the brilliancy of this success, the French fnrji
Morgan's peccadilloes in money matters, and juiim
him again in great luimbers. TIrtii was one lar;-
French buecaiieer ship, tlii^ communder and iixwi
which refused to act with him. 'I'he crafty Welslum
di.ssi iiibled his rage, and pressingly invited the I'ruii,,
captain and his olficers lo dine on iKiard his own sin;
'I'liese guests he made his prisoners, and in their alisiii..
easily look their ship. The men he put in charge
Ihis prize got lirunk on the oecusion, and the ship wa
suddenly blown up; whilher lioiii the drunkenness au
carelessness of the English, or the dirrl'ul revenue ,
.some Frenclimen, remains matter of doulit. 'i'he lan:,
her of the French prisoners is not mentioned, bill, ii ;.
said, that three hundred and filly Engli.shiiieii perisLu
with this ship, which was the largest of the fleet.
Morg Ill's next operation uas an attack on .Maracai!'
and (iibraltar, which unfortunate towns were atii:
sacked. 'I'hesiC merciless desperadoes were aecusloiin;
to shut up their prisoners in churches, where it nzi
easy to keep guard over them. .'Vt Maracaibo and (ii:
rallar, in this instance, so little care was taken .;
them, that many of theto unlbrtunate captives were si
liially starved to death in the churches, whilst tlie bu
cancers were revelling in their dwellings,
Morgan was near being destroyed on his return frm
tliese places, for the Spaniards had had time to piil ii
order a castle at the entrance of the l.agiine of Mai:
cailio, and three large men of war had arrived, anil eul
tioiied themselves by the castle to cut off the piratn
retreat.
'"tt the Welshmnn fitted up ono of his vessels asi
fire-ship, in which were stuck logs of wood, drcssn
with hats on to look like men, and which in every llm.'
was made to bear the appearance of a common liglilin;
ship. Following close in the rear of this mute ereiv, mj
saw two of the Spanish men of wor blown up, ami '
look the third. He then |)assed the castle without W
by means of a stratagem, by which he threw the sliin
garrison off their guard. The value of the lioolj <•
lained was ii.'ilMlOO pieces of eight.
The year after this ex|Kdilion, (in JulyHi70,)«»
leiiin treaty of [H'aee, known in diplomacy imilir 1
name of the " Treaty of America," and made, in i:
view of terminating the buoeaneer warfare, and »i Hid
all disputes betHcen the subjects of the two euimlrii
ihe western hemisplii'ie, was eoneluded bi'tweeii (intl
ilritain and Spain. Hut the biieeaneers eareil iiiiliiu;!
for treaties, and would not be pacified. On the eniilr.w
as soon as the news of the peace reaelii d them, tlirv irl
solved, as of one aeeord, lo iiiidi riake some grand I'lpi
diliiin, of wliii h the skilful Morgan shiiiild ha\r lii'l
I'oiiinmnil. In the is ginning of Dininliir HiVO, llnrt;
seven vessels, hii\iiigoii bniiril iillogrthir miire lliiiiiK
lluiiisaiid iiicn, joiiinl Ihe Wrlshiiian at Cam^ TiliiirKJ
llii' place nfgniiial ri nde/vous he had liiinseif ap|HiiiM
I.ols were then cast as to wliieli of the three |iliii'
Ciirthagi nil, \'i ra Cm/, and I'liiniimi, should Ihi allari
111. The lot Ii II ii|Hiii I'anaiiia, which was lieliruilH
lie the riehiMl of the thrie.
Preparatory In this iiriliioiiR underlakiiig, Mmiiil
I'liipluyed men to hunt eatlle and cure meat, niiil sH
vessels to priiriire maize, lit the m Mlements on Ihe iin»|
For Ihe di>lriliiiliMii of the plnmler Ihry were In iiliW-
s|Heifie arlicli'S of agreement were drawn up niiil »«H
scribed to. iMurgaii, as cumniaiider in chief, w«i In if
ih
, tl
I
ceivu one
was to hav
and wound
promised fi
tliciiiselves
of Deeembi
riitook the i
had eiiibrac
into tlic he
peaii nation
blislinicnt a
castle of Si
Chagrc, on
l.isiiig one 1
wounded.
nlio iom|Kis
were put lo
.Morgan li
ri'Ireat on on
aeeordingly
slringlliun l'
liundreil iiier
filly men to I
the Atlantic,
Paeilic. It
set forward a
iiniiia. 'i'he 1
was not long,
the intervenin
inhabitants.
Icry and store
Cliagre, the c(
end of the see
laiioes, for a
llii'iii, and the
dry ; but the v
the carriage of
tlieir canoes, v
On the sixth d
travelling store
j linrriil wildernc
goml Ibrtune to
ti^e Indians flei
eaiiglil. On tl
called Cruz, wli
inhabitants, wl
Tliey, however,
jars of Peruviar
di.flaiit frnm Pal
lliey saw the ex
around llieiii soi
ing approached,
of I'aiiaina, wh
liir the morrow.
Iiy liiiiig fired al
had leii more wi
Tlie city of Pi
liiiic of seven t
iili/iies of com
Hilar : bill no re
and iiiagiiifieenei
r.iisi'il, bill ill nil
lie won and defei
asserliil that the
tun lliiiusaiid inl:
li siippiisrd that
Ullll slil\l'N.
Wliin Ihe hue
larly liniir next
Mii.'it llii'iii, preeei
llrnvi' ll|Hil| i;ii'
Hill Ihe biireiuiee
wire Inn well acq
|Hweil by them ;
si'i'iii III 'have hill!
iMT, iiiiisl Iia\|. II
lliirlll lieliire Ihi'V
Miaslirs of the eil
iIkiI, all that iliii
'luarliT, Sin hiii'i
liiiii'aiiei'rH is mil
II rv iiinsiilerabli'.
\\ hill iiiiisler II
imn ini:;hl gel dr
lill' SpaiiinrclN ; to
I'll tlial nil Ihe win
I'inril by Ihe j||||,
lill' li'llnws sober.
Iii»i|iiaili rs in I'm
li'irst mil iiilo lliini
i''liir eoinbuhiible
»R''
A -
BUCCANEERS OF AMERICA.
110
and plundircd iln
I. At tliiH pkiot 1
Lnplislinian. Ail
r. i:iicififcl tliciii hj
ifttrwnrds honjjin't
wlioiii tlic old fciif ,
Vmoriuii" styles ji,, ;
old iiroverli, of l,,, j
s of which, most r,; I
k'ct ho was slrciri; i
5 Hello, one of tl, \
ho Spauiardf, lli,
re overshr.dowriU, :
1 in this cxpeilili...:. I
a nunihir of |)rifsi> i
cany and plant li-i
and many of lhi> |
::mintrynii'n wlioiii
niude a hold iisi*:
re, and hurncd Id li-
it. Alany piisnuth
n iidlicti'd iin tln;n,
riasurcM, which fti.
tlic cupidity of Im
, tlic French furji
niatterP, and juiiiu
'hire was one lai
maiidcr and inw
'he ei-ally Welsliiiii:
y invited the I'n
iKiiiid his own slm
^, and in their alisim.
lie put in ehargi'
m, and the ship «
the drnnkenness au
le (lirrlvil revrncc
ol' douht. Tin.' iiun,
mentioned, bnl, it a
lCnj,flislnnen peiislti
est ol' the fleet.
I attack on Maracai!»|
Ic towns were an:
ilocs were aecustoiiiE
lurches, where it »
t Maracuibo and (I
! cure was takoii
latc ciiplives were
•chcf, whilst Uie kc
idlinKS.
cd on his rctnrn In
il had time to put ic
|h<' Iia(!;mie ol' Mar:
hud arrived, ami *
cut ort' the pirali
III of his vessels as i
\ifin ot" wood, dri'ssJ
which in every llmd
It' a eommoii ti|;hliii;
[of this imitc crew.n
Inr blown up, niiil *
Ic eastlc without W
. he threw Ihesliifi
[luc of llic bisily '*
J (in July l(i70,)«>|
lliplonnicy iiiiclir
and made. In i;
I'wnrfarc, and si iiIik|
■ the two coimtrii
lulled between titti
Ineers inrid iii'llii:|
lied. On the lonlw
neliril them, lliivirj
Ike some u'riindiT'I
Iran should h"U' li>|
TremlMT U;7ll,tliiml
lithir ini>re thiinuT
In at CaiK^ 'I'llmMl
lid himself np|»i"iM|
lof the three plaml
111, shonld 1h' iiMa'k|
licli was lu'lieii
idrrtnkinir, M"'i.'>'\
■lire iiieiil, iiml
leiiieiils on the i>ia»|
llhry were to iiliW'-l
Idriiwn up nml ""J
in ciiicf, wai t" tl
ci'lvo one hnndredtli part of the wliolc ; each captain
was to have eight sliares ; those who should he inaiiiicd
anil wounded were provided for, and additional rewards
nroiniscd for tliosu who should particularly distiiiguish
tlieiiiselves by tlieir bravery and conduct. t)ii the 16th
of December, the fleet set sail, and on the 2()lh they
retook the island of Santa Katalina, which Morgan, who
liaJ eiiihraced the notion of Sliinsvelt to erect himself
into tlic head of a free state, independent of any ICuro-
n,;an nation, resolved should bo the centre of his esta-
blishment and power. The buccaneers next took the
castle of San I.orcnzo, at the entrance of the river
t:liaL'rc, on the West Indiasideof the American isthmus,
losiii"' one hundred men in killed, nml liaving seventy
wounded. Of three hundred and fourteen .Spaniards
who eoiii|>osed the garrison, more than two Imndred
were put to death.
.Morgan had now a pied-d-lerre, and a pood place of
ri'Ireat on one side of the wild and |)eriloUH isthmus ; iie
aceoiJingly set his jirisoiiers to work to repair and
^lrl n"lheii the castle of San Iiorenzo, where he Icll 11 e
liunilreil men as a garrison, besides one hundrid and
fitly men to take care of the ships which were Icil in
the Allaiilie, while he should go to the shores of llie
I'aeilic. It was on the Ibth of January KiTl, that he
set forward at the head of twelve hundred men for I'a-
iiamii. 'I'he lengtli of the inarch from ocean to ocean
was not long, but rendered Ireinendoiis by the nature of
llic intervening country and the wildncss of its Indian
inliabilnnts. One party of tJiis pirate army, with artil.
lory and stores, embarked in canoes, to ascend the river
t'liagre, the course of which is very ser|icntine. At the
end of the second day they were obliged to ijuit tlieir
laiioes, for a vast number of fallen trees obstructed
Ihein, and the river was found in many places almost
iliy ; hut the way by land offered so many ditlieulties to
the carriage of their stores, that they again resorted to
their canoes, where they could, making very little way.
On the sixth day, when they had nearly exhausted their
travelling store of provision, and death by hunger in that
horrid wilderness stared tlu:iii in the face, they had the
(rood fortune to discover a burn full of maize, 'i'hc na-
tive Indians fled at their approach, and could never lie
caught. On the seventh day they reached a village
railed Cruz, which was set on lire and abandoned by its
iiilialiitants, who lied a.s the buccaneers approached,
'i'liev, however, Ibiind tliere a sack of brciad and fillecn
jars of Peruvian wine. 'I'liey were still eight leagues
ilUtaiit iVom Panainu. On the ninth (lay of the jouriii y,
they suw the expanse of the South Sen before tliriii, anil
iiniiiiiil them some fields with cattle grazing. As even-
ing approached, they eamo in sight of the elmreli towers
of Panama, when they halted and waited impatiently
I'lir the morrow. They had lost iii their inarch thus far,
liy being tired at from concealed places, ten men ; and
hill 'en more wounded.
The elly of I'anama is said to have consisted at that
tune of seven thousand houses, many of which were
iililiees of I'onsiilerabh^ ningnitieence and built with
Hilar : but no regular fortitieatioiis ilel'ended the wealth
and magnilieenee of the place. Some works had been
raided, bill ill most parts the city lay open, and was to
lie Weill and ilefeiiiled by plain tigliliiig. The buccaneers
asserted that the Spaninrils had a liirce amniinting to
lull thousand inliintry and iinir hmidrid horse; biit it
is siip|iiiiteil that this was in part made up of inhabitants
anil slaM'K.
When the biieeaneers resuiiieil their man h at an
larly liniir next imiriiing, the Spaninrils eaiiie out ti
imrttliem, preeeded by herds of wild bulls, which they
ilriivi' ii|Hin the adventurrrs to ilisoriler their niiiks.
Iliil llie hiii'iMineers, IIS liiiiilers of tin ::e u ild nniiiials,
win toiMVi'll aeipiainted with their babils to be iliseiiin-
IHiviil by them ; mid IIiIh attiiek of the van iluis iml
ini 111 have hud iniieli ellii t. 'i'he Spiliiaril.", Imiv-
ncr, iiiiisl have made an iibsliii.ite n si.-tainr, Inr it was
iiU'lil lieliire they gave way, and llie biieeaini rs ImMiiie
iiiasli rs of the city. Dining the lung bailie, and, in-
iiliiil, all thai liny and night, the biierniieers gave no
i|iiarler. Siv himdred Spaiiinrds fill. The ' iss of the
I liiiiiaiieer.i is nut spei il'nd, but it appears to have bi'di
irv eniisiderable.
When miisler of (he eity, IMnrgan was nfrnid that his
I mm nii^'ht i;el drunk and he surprised anil eiil nil' by
llir Spaiii irils : In prevent tlii-, he eaused it In be repori-
I'll that nil the wine ill the eilv had been expressly pni.
Miiiiil liy the iiiliabltaiits. 'i'he dieail of iHiisnii kept
llir H'lliiws sillier. Ihit Mnrcaii bud seaniiy taken up
Ills i|imrli rs in I'linnma when several partx of Ihii city
jlxirst iiiit iiilo lliimi^, wliieh, fed by the cedar wimiiI iind
I'llier eonihuslible materials of vvliieh the houses were
chiefly built, spread no rapidly, tliat in a short time a
great part of the city was burnt to the ground. It lias
been disputed whether this was done by design or acci-
dent — by the buccaneers or the despairing Spaniards;
but it apiiears that Morgan, who always charged it upon
the Spaniards, gave all the assistance he could to such
of the inhabitants as endeavoured to stop the progress
of the fire, which, however, was not quite extinguished
for weeks. Among the buildings destroyed, was a tiie-
tory house belonging to the Genoese, who then carried
on the trade of supplying the Spaniards with slaves
from Africa.
'Plie licentiousness, rapacity, and cruelty of the bueca-
neers had no boimds. " They spared," says Exquemc-
lin, a Dulclmian, and one of the party, " in these their
cruelties, no sex nor condition wliatsoever. As to reli-
gious persons (monks and nuns, he means) and priests,
they granted them less quarter tlion others, unless they
procured a eonaiderahle siun of money for their ransom."
Detachments scoured the country to plunder and to
bring in prisoners. Many of the unfortunate inhahit-
tanL-i escaiied with their cfi'ects by sea, and reached the
islands that are thickly clustered in the bay of Panama.
But Morgan found a large boat lying aground in the
jMirt, which he launched and inanned with a numerous
crew, and sent her to cruise among those islands. A
galeon, on board which the nuns of a convent had taken
refuge, and where much money, plate, and other ett'ects
of value had been lodged, had a very narrow esca|K;
from these desperadoes, 'i'hey took several vessels in
the bay. One of Ihcin was large and admirably adapted
for cruising. This opened a new prospect, that was
brilliant and enticing ; an unexplored ocean studded
with islands was before them, and some of the bueca-
necrs began to consult how they might leave their chief,
Morgan, and try their ibrtunes on the South Si'a, whence
they proposed to sail, with the plunder they should ob-
tain, by the East Indies to Europe. Tliis diminution of
t'orce would have lieeii fatal to Morgan, who, therefore,
ns soon as he got a hint of the design, cut away the
imisis of the ship, and burned every lioat and vessel
lying at Panama that could suit their purpose.
At length, on the 2-lth of Kebtuary HilU, alxnit four
wee!;s oiler the taking of I'anaimi, Morgan and his men
departed from the still sniouldering ruins of that unl'or-
lunate eity, taking with them one hundred and sevenly-
five mules loaded with sjioil, and six hundred prisoners,
part of whom were detained to carry burdens across the
isthmus, and others for the ransom ex|iected for their
release. Among the latter were many women and chil-
dren, who were made to sull'er cruel i'atigue, hunger,
and thirst, and artfully made to apprehend being car-
ried to Jamaica and sold ns slaves, that tliey might the
more earnestly endeavour to procure money for their
ransom. When these poor creatures threw themselves
on their knees, and weeping and tearing their hair,
begged of Miirgan to let them return to their families,
his briilal answer was, that " he came not there to lis-
ten to (Ties and lamentations, but to seek money." This
idnl of his soul, indeed, he sought from his comrades as
Well as his captives, and in such a manner that it is as-
lonisliing they did i.nt blow his brains out. In the mid-
lie of his inareh back to the fort of San liorenzo, he
Irew up his men, and eniised every one of them to take
a siilemu oath, that lie hud not reserved for himself or
eoneealed any phmiler, Iml had delivered all fairly into
the common stock. (Tliis ceremony, it appears, wns
not inieoinmon ninniiir Hie biieeaneers.) " Itut," »ays
Exipiemelln, "I'aptiiiu AIinv4;aii having linil experience
that Ihnse louse fellows wiiiilil not mueii stickle to swear
tiil-ely ill such a ease, he eiiiiimanded every one to be
senn lied ; ami that it might imt be taken as un alfront, he
perniillid himself In be the lir-l searehed, even to the
rv Milrs ot' his shnes. The Kreneli biieeaneers who
had engaged in this expcditiiin with .Morgan, were not
ui II satlslied vvilli tins new en. linn of searebiiig ; Iml
their nuinlH'r being less than that of the English, they
were foieed to snbinll."
As soon as (he iiiaruuders arrived nt San Lorenzo, a
ihvislnii was iniide of the hnnty, iiei'iirilliig to the propor-
tioiiK Mgreid upon bellire sailing t'lmn llispaiiiol.i. Mni
the narnilive says, " Kvery person reieived his porthni,
■r ralliiT what pait thereof ('apliiin Mnrgnn was pleased
III give him. For so it was, thai his i ninpnnions, even
those of his own nation, eoniplained of his proiu'i 'lings;
for they judged it Impossilde dial, of so many valuable
robberies, no greater share shniiM belniig to llieni lliiin
two liiiiiih'id pieces of i iglil per head, flilt ('aptiiln
Moriiaii wns deaf to these, and to many other eoni|>liiiiils
of the same kind."
Murgnii, however, having; well fiUed his own iKirxe,
determined to witJidraw quietly from the command :
'^ Which he did," says the narrative of the buccaneer,
" witJioat calling any council, or bidding any one adieu ;
hut went secretly on board his own sliiji, and put out to
sea without giving notice, being Ibllowed only by tliri c
or four vessels of the whole fleet, who, it is believed,
went shares with him in the greatest part of the spoil."
The rest of llie buccaneer vessels letl belbro the castle
of San Lorenzo at Chagre, soon seiiaraled. Morgan
sailed straight to Jamaica, where he had begun to make
fresh levies of men to accompany him to the island of
St. Katalina, which he purposed to hold as his own iii-
de|)endcnt state, and to make it a common place of re-
fuge for pirates ; but the arrival of a new governor at
Jamuiea, Lord John Vaughaii, with strict orders to ( ii-
force the late treaty with S(iain, obliged him to abiiiidon
his plan.*
The buccaneers, however, were not put down by this
new governor of Jamaica, but under dill'creiit Kaders
continued their depredations for ninre than twenty years
longer. Lord .lohn Vaughan proela lined a pardiai fur all
piratical ofl'ences committed to that lime, and promised
a grant of thirty-five acres of land lo (very Imecaneer
who should claim the benefit of the proelan.ation and
engage to apply himself to planting. 1 am stialled al-
most into incredulity by what follows.
"The author of the History of Jamaica says, ' Tlii.i
ofl'er was intended as a lure to engi;;,'e the hueeaucers to
come into port with tlieir efl'ects, that the goveriinr might,
and which he was directed to do, take' from them the lenth.s
and the fitleenths of their booty as the dues of the crown,
and of the cidonial government for granting them eoni-
niissions.' Those who had neglected to obtain ennimis-
sions would of course have to make their peace by an
increased com|V)sition. tii consequence of this scandalous
procedure, the Jamaica buccaneers, to avoid eeing so
tiLXcd, kept aloof from Jamaica, and were provoked to
continue their old occupations. Most of them joi.icd the
French flibustiers nt Tortuga. Some were allerw ards
nppreliended at Jamaica, where they Were broeghl to
trial, condemned as pirates and exeenled."
A war entered into by the English and French rgainst
the Dutch, gave, for u lime, emplnymcnt to the imcea-
lU'crs and fiibustiers, and a short respite to the S]iaiiiards,
who, liovveycr, exercised their wonled barbarous rcvi.iige
on their old enemies, whenever and in whatioevcr man.
ncr they fell into their hands.
In 1(>73, for example, they murdered in cold blood
three hundred French fiibubtiers, who had la en ship-
wrecked on tlieir coast at Porto Uieo, sparing only seven-
teen of their oiVieers. These olFieers W( re put on bo: jd a
vessel hound for the continent, with the intenlion of trntis-
IHirting them to Peru; but an English binenneer crniier
met the ship at sea, liberated the Frenchmen, and, in nil
probability cut the throats of the Spaniards.
Ever since the plundering of PaiiHina by Morgan, tlio
iinnginutions of the buccaneers had Im'cii lie:ite(l by iho
tirospect of cxiiedilions to the South Sea, This Keenmo
mown to the Spaniards, and gave rise to numerous l(i:c-
hodings and prophecies, both in Spain and in Peru, of
great invasions by sea and by land.
Li KiVMnn Englishman of (he name of Thomas Peehc,
who had formerly been a buccaneer in the West Indies,
lilted out a ship in England for a piratical viyage to the
South iS'ii against Ihe Spaniards; nml two years aller,
Ln Sound, a Frenehmnn, with a small body nl' daring ad-
venturers, attempted to i ross the Isthmus, ns Morgan had
done, (though not by the same rnute,) hut he could not
gel fiirther than the lowii of Clienpn, where he was dri-
ven back. Thesi! events greatly ini reined the alarm of
the Spaniards, who, neei, riling to D:iiiipli r, propliesled
vvilli confidcnee " that Ihe English privuleers in the West
* Tilts iiii.ttirlniiH 1 niMiarliai'iaiN iiivi r VM'iil tii I'liglaiiil, wl'Oii]
he )«•) iMUiieialiiiiiiiiiM'ii Willi Kiiiu riiail'S II. ,11 wiiti hi.^ iiili.m.
Ills. tlUII 111' in I'll I'll llll' llilllnni nl' klliullllllliKl illll llli' U|i|iimil-
1111 111 i-fiiimiiii iM'i nf till' ailiiiir.ilh' nam in ,I:tiiiairii. In
h Pl ilii' Ivifliil I'luMsIc, then iinvi iiur lil iliai is.,iiic|, ii'inninl in
KiiuUiiiil nil ilii' jili'ti nf liail linilili, anil li'li iis ih (unv tiivrtmo,
.Mnii/iiii the liiii'i aim r, llie iiaiiiilni r nl' I'nnainii, li>il wlin wiig
iinw 111 r iitiij' HIr lleiir> Mni);iiii. Ill his new cainieliy lie was
I'lir I'rniii hi'iiit* ruMiiirnlili' nr 1i'iil< in in jiis ntil ns-n^taleK, "'■nnin
nl' wliiMii Hllirrr.'ll llie cxlriltie hiiriMiip nt Iniiiti irii'il iolil tliMiL'eil
iiniter Ills niiihiii liy." Mniiniii wim ii'itiiiiily ii villain nl' 11 < llriit
Ulller, I'm will n li cnw nl' him ihhi'ik, mnpl el'whnln will' Ills
nwil nailltlMIM'll, I'rtI linn les lllliiils, 111' ilrjJM'Dil lllelM nwr (lie
wiiD x'rnnuly ti(is[N iieit nl'linxiiiK ■'"I'l ilniii hi Hii' viiiiliriive
S|iai:iarils. Ill.s ' liiiel' niiihnilly" niily Insiiil iiil ilir nivl .M'nr,
vvlii'ii III' wn* miiMTsnliit hy ilie niiiiiil of 'i miv ynii'iiMir irnin
Kiiulniiil (li'i'iiiiti il, linvu'ViT, l<> ImM nll)i-e In .laiiniirn durins
Mil' r si nf llic ninllll telvll nr('liiir:<s II tliiiiiili an iisnl liv liin
Hiaintaiils III' rntinUini! \Mltl lite hili-r.'ilinlK. In lli>' iirxt r'')i;ii
llie H|tinilsll rn<<r! Illlil liiltiM Hi n sillli.li'til ln|,inriirr lilt. Ih'liin sent
hnini' ptiniM't rriini ilm \Vi «i ImlliK lie \v,is ke|ii In piltnn lliri'«
vi'D's, Illll iinrliiiriii' 111 lug lirniight rorwniU ngsliiil hhii, lli« wnr.
ihy linl|[hl will lila'ialtil.
'■bk','1 ' ■■■,lil
M
;.'^l
Vi'JlJ
120
LIVES OF BANDITTI AND ROBBERS.
! i
Indies would tliat year (1675) open a door into the Soutli
.S<!a«."
But it was not till five years after, or in IGi^O, when,
having oontrncted friendship witli the Darion Indianii, and
partieularly with a small tribe eallrd the Mosquitos, the
JOnfjIish adventurers again fonnd their way aeross the
Isthmus to those alarmed shores. Some ot these Mos-
<|»ito Indians, who seem to have been a noble race of sa-
vages deserving of l)etterconi|>anion8 than the buceancers,
went with this party, being animated by a deadly hatred
jv, .1 . of the Spaniards, and an extraordinary attaehment to the
^"F '•'••)* Knglisli.
The buecanccrs who engaged in this expedition wore
the ercws of seven vessels, amounting altogether to three
liimdred anil sixly-.«ix men, of whom tliirty-scvi^n were
left to guard the ships during the absence of those who
went on the ex|)cdition, which was not ex|K'Cted to bo of
long eoutinuance. There were several men of some lite-
rary Uilont among the marauders, who have written ae-
eounis of the proceedings, whieli have the moat romantic
intrresl. 'J'licse were H;isil Ringrose, Barty Sharp, Wil-
liam Dampier, who, though a common seaman, was en-
dowed with great observation and a talent for description,
and Lionel Wafer, a surgeon providently engaged by the
buccaneers, whose " Description of the Isthnms of Da-
rien" isonc of the most instructive, and decidedly the most
anuising book of travels we have in our language.
It was on the Kith of April, that the cx|)edition passed
over from (iolden Island, and landed in Darien, each man
provided with four cakes of bread called dough-lmys, with
a fusil, a pistol, and a hanger. They iM'gi.n their ardu.
ous march marshalled in divisions, each with its eom-
mander and distinguishing flag. .Many Darien Indians
came to supply them with provisions, and to keep them
company as confederates ; among these were two chiefs,
who went by tlic names of Captain Andreas and Captain
Antonio.
'I'lie very first day's journey discouraged four of the
buccaneers, who returned to their ships. The object of
the cx|)edition was to reach and plunder the town of Santa
jMarta, near the gulf of .San Miguel, on the South Sea
side of the isthmus; and on the atU>rnoon of the second
day they came to a river, which ("aptain Andreas, the In-
iliau chief, told them, crossed the isthnms and ran by
Santa Maria. On the third day they came to a house be
longing to a son of (Captain Andreas, who wore a wreath
of gold about his iiead, which made the buccaneers call
him » King (ioldcu Cap."
Wherever there were Indian habitations, they were
most ki«dly and hospitably received. On the evening of
the, fourth d.iy, they gained a [loint whence the river of
Santa .Maria was navigable, and where canoes were pre
pared for them. The next morning as they were al)out
to depart, the harmony of the party was disturlwd by the
quarrel of two of the buccaneer commanders. John Coxon
fired his musket at Feter Harris, which Harris was
going to return, when the otiiers interfered and elTcctrd
a reconciliation. Hire seventy of the buccaneers em
bail' il in fourteen canis's, in each of which there went
two Iiii'ians to manage them, and gui<le them down the
stream. I hi. «:n\i: of travelling, owing to the scarcity
ofwatT and ( ,her imjieiliments, was as wearisome as
marching. Alter enduring tremendous fatigue, the land
and water party met on the eighth ilay of the journey ut
a beaehy pniiii of land, where the river, lieing joined by
another stre im, lieeanu' broad and deep, 'J'his had ofien
been a reiide/.vous of the D.irien Iiiiliaus, when lliey col.
beted for utlaek or defenee against fhe Spaniards | and
In re the whole party now made a halt, to rest tht:mselves,
and to eban and prepare thi.ir arms.
On the iiiiilli diiy, buceaueers and Indians.in all nearly
six hmidreii men, ( jubarUed ill sixty.eiglit eaiioes, got to-
gellier by lb'' Iiiili:iMS, anil glided pleasantly down tin
rivur. At miihiight they landiil within a half a mib: of
the town of Smita .Maria. The next moniing, at day
I"i i .'ley heard the Spanish garrison firing muskets
•' d !■■ ating the rinfillri: It vi'as seven in the morning
when tliry e.iiiie to t III o|M'n ground before the furl, when
the S|«iiiiiirds eomiiii'iieeil firing u|Km them. This fort
w,is nothing but a stockade, which the hneeaneers look
without the loss of a single man — an immunity which
did not teaeli them mercy, fur they killed Iwenty-six
Spaniards, iind woiiiuled sixteen.
Till- Indians, how'ver, were still less mereifiil. .\S\vt
the S|ianiards had surrendered, they tixik many of them
into the adjoining woods, where they killed tbeni with
their ,s|)ears, and if the hneeaneers lind not prevented
them, tliev would not have left a single Spaniard alive.
The long and blimdy grieviuiees these savages had scored
against their eoniplemrs was aggravated here by the
circuiniitance Uiat one of their chiefs, or, an the bucca-
neers call him, the King of Darien, found in the fort his
eldest daughter, who had been forced from her father's
habitation by one of tlic >Spanish garrison, and was preg-
nant by him!
The Spaniards had by some means been warned of the
intended visit to Santa Maria, and had secreted or sent
away almost every thing that was of value. " Though
we examined our prisoners severely," says a bgceaneer,
" the whole that we could pillage, Ijoth in the town and
fort, amounted only to twenty jiounds' weight of gold, and
a small quantity of silver ; whereas, three days sooner we
should have found three hundred pounds weight in gold in
the fort." It ought to lie mentioned, that the Spaniards
were in the habit of collecting considerable quantities of
gold from tlic mountains in tlic neighbourhood of Santa
Maria.
This disap|K>iiitment was felt very severely, and whe-
ther it was previously decided, or now entered their heads
to seek compensation for this disapjiointincnt, the major-
ity of the buccaneers resolved to proceed to the South
Sea. The Imldness of this resolution will be felt by re-
fleeting, that they had only canoes to go in, and that they
might meet at their very outset a lofty Spanish galeon or
ship of war, that might sink half of their fi-ail boats nt a
broadside. Some of them, indeed, were deterreil by this
prosjicet. John Coxon, the commander, who had fired
Ills musket at Peter Harris, and who seems to have liccn
a eontcmptible bully, was for returning across the isthmus
to their ships, ond so were his followers. To win him
over, those who were for the South Sea, though they had
a mean opinion of his capability, oflcred him the post of
general, or commander in chief, which Coxon accepted,
and as it was on tlic condition that he and his men should
join in the scheme, all the buccaneers went together,
riic Darien chief Andreas, with his son Golden Cap, and
sotne followers, also continued with the rovers, but the
greater part of the Darien Indians left tlicin at Santa Ma-
ria, and returned to their homes.
On the 1 7tli of April, the expedition embarked, and fell
down the river to the gulf of San Miguel, which they did
not reach until the following morning, owing to a flood
tide. They were now fairly in the Soutli Sea ! The
prophecy of tho Spaniards was accomplished, and the
buccaneers looked aciosstliat magnificent expanse of wa-
ters with sanguine hope. On the lilth of April, they en-
tered the vast bay of Panama, and fortunately captured at
one of the islands, a Spanish vessel of thirty tons, on board
of which one hundred and thirty of tho buccaneers imme-
diately threw themselves, overjoyed to be relieved from
the cramped and crowded state tlicy had endured in the
canoes — though of a certainty, even now, so many men on
board so siiiall a vessel, could leave small room for com-
fort.
The next day, they took another small bark. On the
22d,tliey rendezvoused at the island ofChepillo, near the
month of the river (;iiea|>o ; and in the afternoon iM^gnn to
row along shore from that island towards the city of Pana-
ma. The .SiHiniards there had obtained intelligence of the
buceaueers iK'iiig in the boy, and prepared to meet them.
Kiglit vessels were lying in the road j three of these they
hastily e(|uip[xul, manning them with the crews of all
the vessels, and VN-itli men from shore ; the whole, however,
according to tiie biiecaneer accounts, not exceeding two
himilred and thirty men; and of these, one third only
were !')iiro|K'ans — the rest mulattoes ond negroes. The
great disparity therefore was in the nature of the vessels.
" We had sent away the Spanish barks we had taken,"
says one of the buccaneers, " to seek fresh water, so that
we had only canoes for tlic fight, and in tlicm not two
hundred men."
As this fleet of canoes rornc in sight at iloy hreak ni
the S.'ld, the tlirci^ armed Spanish ships got uiiiler sail
and stood towards them. The conflict was severe, and
lasted the greater part of the day. The Spanish ships
fought with great bravery, hut fl'.eir crews were motley
and unskilful, whilst the buccaneers were ex|s'rt scaincn
and well trained to the use of their arms. Kieliard Saw
kins was the hero of theilay; after three repulses, he
sncceeded in Ixiarding and capturing one of flic Spanish
ships, which deeideil the victory. Another ship was car-
ried by b<iarding sism after, and the third saved herself by
flight. The S|>aiiish commander fill with many of his
|Mople. The buccaneers had eighteen kifled, and above
thirty wounded. Peter Harris, the captain, who had
lieeii fireii ai !'y C'oxon, was among tho wounded, and died
two days after. As for John Coxon, who was nominally
general, he s lowed great boekwardness in the engage,
incut, which lost him tho confidence of the rovers. The
Darini cliieft were in the heat of the battle, and U'liaved
bravely.
Tho buccancefB, not thinking themselves strong
enough to land and attack Panama, contented themselves
with capturing the vessels that were ot anchor in the
road before tlie city. One of these was a ship namcj
the I'rinidad, of 4U0 Ions burden, a fast sailer and in
good condition. iSlic had on board a cargo principally
consisting of wine, sugar, imd sweetmeats ; and, mon-
over, a consideralili^ sum of money was found. In the
other prizes they found flour and ammunition. Two of
these, with the Trinidad, they fitted out for cruisin<r.
Thus, in less than a week after their arrival on (he
coa.«l of the South Sea, they were in [lossession of a fled
not ill equipiH'd, with which they fbrnied a close blockade
of Panama for the prescul, and for the future might scour
that ocean.
Two or three days after the battle with the Spaniards
discord broke out among tho buccaneers. The taunts
and reflections that fell upon the (jicneriU, Coxon, and
some of his fiillowcrs, determined hiin and seventy iiiii,
to return, by the way they had come, across the isthnnt
to the Atlantic. The Darien chiefs, Andreas and Aiii<).
nio, al.so departed for their homes, hut Andreas, to prmc
his good will to the buccaneers, who remained in (he
South Sea, left a son and one of bis nephews with tliciii.
Kieliard Sawkins, who hod iK'haved so well in the hsi.
tie, was now unanimously chosen general or chief eoin.
luander. Alter staying ten days iHiforc Panama, (her
retired to the island of Taboga, in the near neighbourliooii.
Hero they stopped ne.trly a liirtnight in expectation of
the arrival of a rich shi]> from Lima. This ship canic
not, but several other vessels fell into their hands, In
which they obtained nearly sixty tliousaiid dollars in
.s]X!eie, 1200 sacks of flour, 2000 jars of wine, aqiiantily
of brandy, sugar, sweetmeats, |iouItry, and other prnvl
sions, some gunimwder, shot, &c. Among their ])rison.
ers was a number of uiifortunJte negro slaves, « hieli
tempted the Spanish merchants of Panama togotolhe
buccaneers; and to buy as many of the slaves as tliev
were inclined to sell. These merchants paid two liuii-
drcd pieces of eight for every negro, and they sold to the
buccaneers all such stores and commodities os they sluod
in need of.
Kingrose, one of the hneeaneers, relates that diirini;
these communications the governor ofPanoma sent (»
demand of their leader, "Wliy,duringa time of jieaei
b<;tween England and S|>iiin, Englishmen should coiiie
into those seas to commit injury? and from whom they
had their commission so to do?" Sawkins replied, " That
he ond his companions came to assist their friend, tln'
king of Darien, (tlic said chief Andreas,) who was the
rightftil lord of Panama, and all the country thcreaboul,-.
That as they had come so far, it was reasonable tlial
tlicy should receive some satisfaction for their troulili :
and if the governor would send to them 500 pieces of
eight for each man, and 1000 for each commander, mid
would promise not any further to annoy the Doricii In.
dions, their allies, that then the hneeaneers wouhl dt.-w
from hostilities, and go quietly olmiit their busintss,"
The governor could scarcely be expected to comply wiili
these moderate demands.
The (ienerol Sawkiu-s, hoving learnt from one of the
Spaniards who traded with the Imecancers, that the liislion
of Panama was a person whom he had formerly takm
prisoner in the West Indies, sent him a small present ii<
a token of regard and old aeqnnintaneeship: the bisliof
in return sent Sawkins a gold ring !
Having eonsumed all the live stuck within reach, ami
tired of waiting for the rich ship from Peru, the biiKa
iiei rs sailed on the l.'itli of May to the island of ( l|iii|n',
where they found hogs and poultry, and rested a ilav
From Otispie they departed with three ships nnil In.i
small barks, steering out of the bay of I'anania, and \hn
westward flir the town of Pueblo Nncvo. In this slmri
voyage a violent storm separated from the ships tlir (ivn
harks, which never joined llieiii ngnin. ( Ineof Ibeni tni
taken by the Spnninrds, who sli,il the men ; and tli.
erew of the other contrived to rencli Co.voii's |Niitv, iiiul
to recross the istlimus with them. On reacbing I'ueliln
Niii'vo, the liiieeiiiieers, instead of meeting w itii an l'a^v
prize, sustained a enniplete diseiiiiifitnre, and Inst tluir
brave eonimaiider .Sawkins, who was shut dead by (In
Spaniards, as he wns advancing nt the bend of his men
towards a breastwork. "Captain .Siwkiiis," said hi>
comrade Kingrose, "was a valiant and genernns splrileil
man, and ImIovciI more than any other we ever haJ
among us, whii.li he well deserved." His loss lint oiih
disliciirtencd the whole, but induced between sixty niiil
seventy men, and all the Darien Indians, to obandoii Ik
expedition and return to the isthmuH,
Only one hundred ond forty-six buccaneers now re-
nioiuid with llnrtholonniw .Sharp, whom they hud ilioien
eommaiuler, but who, thougli clerk enough to write ani
I
iK
piiblisli, o
iif his adv
tlioir rotre
with indi)
'I'liey lay
where thej
In taking
lilnifrnse,
(|iiarlcrs, e
On the t
" tiike then
(jain a tliot
liir the eo.-u
I at tlio islaii
■Si away tlicir
^ u'lrlhy of
I JDMg, and i'<
I On till
I Plata, wlier
I llicv beat to
if .'^t. K-kna, t
ty (iiie biiceane
t nisli ship bf)
5 3IIIK) dollars
; they dill wi
;, p.irtiealar n
t iiliii upon de
( nli\T," it is
I that the cre\
>. vr ill hopes
" until some e
inissing then
One of the
■ was now Ion
ami lliiy all i
lib of .Septeni
It appears he
' Mcprs, that th
e.vtra privileg
dice for the fi
Wiiteli, so two
hi-r." They
as suited them
hor, and disin
one sail.
Sharp posse
might have sli
he attempted s
pri'ventcd by i
the place. Tl
of fresh water
allowed half a
pi lit of water w
Imrc away, hoi
Mieceeded in
iViiit, and othei
roiild to the ho
ri'tii.siil to pure
or c.itlle.
Krojii I/lo, k
.11 of Drcc'iiih
liKik without
olhiT things, fi
wiTi' very iieai
.^|i.niianl, who
liiili', blown u|
anil briinstone,
till' rudder anil
iiialeli, mill the
iieirs in.ido f'oi
rninaiilie islam!
inaliii'd some ti
Ihi'iii wishing
str.iil of Alagall
limes liiiigi'r in
ward party ; hi
linn IVoiii the r
Walling, "an ol
.Vrlirlrs betwiT
in writing, and
Our narralivi
eniilge against
lenliiri's almost
mill were scarr
wiw liir their [m:
|)liiiTs, they hiu
eaiirers at dice ;
ju'l iiiilliing. '
''harp, but tho i
Sharp out of hii
•uddcd to have |
BUCCANEERS OP AMERICA.
121
itcntcd themselves
at imchor in the
raa a ship named
fast sailer nnd in
I cargo principally
ncats; nnil, more-
ns found. In Ihe
nnnition. Two of
ut for crnisin},'.
leir arrivnl on tin:
Hissession of ii fid i
cd a close blockade
future might scour
vitli the Spaniards,
iccrs. The tauiiu
leneral, Coxoii, and
n and sevcntj' inn,
across the isthmus
Andreas and Auto.
t Andreas, to prove
remained in llic
lophews with tlieui.
1 so well in the lial.
•ncrul or chief com.
L'forc Panama, (liey
lear neijjiihourliood.
it in expectation of
II. This ship canw
nto their hands, liy
thousand dollarK iii
I of wine, aquantilv
ry, and other provi.
\monff their jirison.
negro slaves, wliieli
l*anama to jro to llie
f the slaves as they
:lmnt.H paid two hiui-
and they sold to tlie
lodities as they stood
relates that durini;
of Panama sent lo
ing a lime of \k-mx
islnnen should couir
Ind from whom lliey
wkins replied, " Thai
list their friend, ihr
rcas,) who was the
country therealwiul...
as reasonable tint
for their trouhli:
lem 500 pieces nf
eh commander, and
noy the Darion In-
raneers would iIcm-i
lut their businos"
d to comply wllli
till
lit from one nf the
neers, that the bishii|i
lad formerly lakii
11 a smnll present ■.>-
neeship: the bli-hi^
i-k within reach, ;iiiii
im Peru, the Iiiki n
le island of (lto<|n',
and ri'sted a iliu.
tree ships and twn
if I'anaina, and tlim
iicvn. Ill this slien
III the ships llir twn
1. Oninf Ihein »J.
the men ; nnd tli>
I ( 'dvon's |mity, anl
hn reai'liini; I'ueliln
Veling willi an iii-y
|tiire, and lost tliiir
shut dead by llir
|lie bend of his iiini
Sawkins," said \n>
Jill (jeueriiiis spirileJ
Intlier we ever InJ
Ills loss not only
between si.vty mill
lans, to nlmndun tlic
Ibiiccaneers now n" I
liin they hud eliown I
liuuyh tu write aii I
luiblisli, on his return to I'liifrland, a very readable account
of his a'dventnrcs, did not at first shine as a leader. In
their retreat from Pueblo Nucvo, they took a ship loaded
with indigo, butter, and pitch, and burned two others.
'I'liey lay at anchor for some time at the island of Qnibo,
where they pleasantly and profitably employed their time
in taking "red deer, turtle, and oysters, so large, says
liiiiifrose, that they were obliged to cut them into four
iiiiartcrs, each ipiiirtcr being a good mouthful."
()ii the lith of June, Sliarp, who had Iwa-sted he would
" take thcin a cruise, whereby he doubted not they would
jrain a lhou.<nnd pounds jicr man," sailed with two ships
Ilir the cna.ft of Peru. Hut on the 17th he came to anchor
at the island of Oorgona, where the buccaneers idled
away their time till near the end of July, doing nothing
ivnrlhv nf mention, except killing "a siiuUe eleven feet
long, and fourteen inches in circumference."
On the 13th of August they got as far as the island of
Plata, where Sliarp again came to anchor. From Plata
IJicv iK'at to the sniilli, and on tlieSoth, when near Cape
St. Kloiia, they captured, aller a short contest, in which
one hnceanecr was killed and two were wounded, a Spa-
nish ship bound for Panama. In this prize they found
3IIII0 dollars. The ship they sank, but it is not said what
they did with the crew; as, however, Uingrosc makes
partienliir nienllon that they " punished a friar and shot
him upon deck, easting him overlward while he was yet
alive," it is to be presumed he was the only sufferer, and
that the crew were kept to work as seamen or servants,
or in hopes that they might be ransomed, or merely
until some convenient opportunity were found for dis-
missing them.
One of the two vessels in which the buccaneers cruised,
was now foun<l to sail so badly, that she was abandoned,
ami they all embarked together in the Trinidad. On the
llh ofriepteinlier, they took another ship bound for Lima.
It appears here to have lieeii a custom among the bucca-'
mors, that the first who boarded, should be allowed some
extra privilege of plunder; for Ringrosc says, "we cast
(lice for the first entrance, and the lot fell to the larboard
wateli, so twenty men belonging to that watch entered
hiT." They took outof tliis prize as much of the cargo
as suited them ; they tiien put some of their prisoners in
her, and dismissed iier with only one mast standing and
one sail.
.Sharp |>assed Calao at a distance, fearing the Spaniards
might have ships of war there. On the SJGtIi of Octolier,
he uttcinptcd a landing ut the town of Arica, but was
pii'veiiled by a heavy surf, and the armed appearance of
the place. This was the more mortifying, as the stock
ol Trosli water was so reduced, that the men were only
allowed half a pint a day each; and it is related, that a
pint of water was sold in the ship for thirty dollars. They
horc away, however, for the island of I.lo, where they
fiiceeedcd in landing, and obtained water, wine, (lour,
I'liiit, and other provisions, nnd did all the mischief they
could to the houses and plantations, because the Spaniards
refused to piirehuse their forlK'arancc either with money
or cuttle.
Kroin lj\n, keeping still southward, they came, on the
.1.1 of Dcecinher, to the town of La Serena, which tliev
l.mk witliont opjiosition. They hero obtained, licsides
nihir things, five hundred pounds weight of silver, but
were very near having their ship burned by n desperat
.-^ikiniard, who went by night on a Hout made nf n horse's
Imic, blown up like a bladder, and crammed oakiiin
:;ii(l luiiiislone, and other eiiiiibnstlblc matters between
Ihe milder and the stcrii-pi .-t, to which he set fire by a
iiiiitih, iiiid thin eseiiped. h'roin La Serena, the hucea-
mrr.s in.ide for Juiiii I'Vrnande?., at which interesting,
romiiitie island, they arrived on Christmas day, and re-
m.iimd some time. Here lliey again disagreed, some of
lliiMi wishing to sail immediately homeward by the
■•irail of Magalhunes, and others desiring In try their llir-
liinrs Imiger in the Sontli Sea. Sliarp was ot the home-
winl party ; but Ihemainrily being against him, de|)osed
hiin tViiin the eoiiimand, nnd elected in his stead, John
Uatliiig, "aiinid privateer, nnd esteemed a stout seaman."
.\rticli s between Watling and the erew were drawn up
III wrilini;, nnd siibscrilK-d in due form.
(liic inirrulive, however, says, "the trueoccasiim of the
i;ruila:e against Sharp was, that liu had got by these ad-
ventni'i's alniost a lliousand |Miiiiid.s, whereaHinauy of onr
men were acareo worth n. groat; and good reason there
WHS for their poverty, for at the Isle of Plata, and other
|i!i»Ts, they had lost all their money to their fellow hue-
cancers at dice; so that some had a great deal, and others
\wl nothing. Those who were thriiVy, sided with captain
Slittr|i, but the iithors, iH'ing the greatest number, turned
had money to lose, which the other jiarty had not." But
Dampier says, Sliarp was dismissed tlic command by
general consent, the buccaneers being satisfied neither
with his courage nor his conduct.
John Wiitling, as Richard Sawkina before him, had a
glimmering of devotion in his coni])osition. He licgan
his command by insisting on the observance of the Lord's
day by the buccaneers. " This day, January the 9th,
IbHl," says Kingrose, " was the first Sunday that ever we
kept by command, since the loss and death of our valiant
commander Captain Sawkins, who once threw the dice
overboard, finding them in use on the said ilay." < )n the
12tli of January, they were scared away from their an-
chorage at Jiian Fernandez, by the appearance of three
sail, and left behind them on shore, William, a Musquito
Indian.
The three vessels, whose appearance had caiised them
to move in such a hurry, were armed Spanish ships.
They remained in sight two days, but showed no incli-
nation to fight. The buccaneers had not a single great
gun in their ship, and must have trusted to tlicir mus-
ketry and to boarding; yet it seems they must have
contemplated making nn attack themselves, ns they re-
maiued so long without resigning the honou'- of tlic field
to the Spaniards. They then sailed eastward for tlie
coast of the continent, where they intended to attack the
rich town of Ariea.
On tlie 2Gth of January; they made the small island of
Yqneque, about twenty-five leagues from Arica, where
they plundered an Indian village of provisions, and made
prisoners of two old Spaniards and two Indians. The
next day Watling examined one of the old Spaniards,
concerning the force at Ariea, und taking offence at his
answer ordered him to lie shot — which was done ! Shortly
atler, he took a small bark, laden with fresh water for tlic
little island, which woa destitute of it.
The next night Watling, with one hundred men, \e(t
the ship in the boats and tlie small bark they had taken,
and rowed for Arica. They landed on the continent
about five leagues to the south of Ariea before it was
light, and remained there all day concealed among the
rocks. When the shades of night fell, they crept along
the coast without licing iicreeived, and at the next morn-
ing da\ni Watling landed with ninety-two nen. They
were still four miles from the town, but they marched
Imldly and rapidly forward, and gained on entrance with
the loss of tlirce men killed and two wounded. Though
in possession of the town, Watling neglected a fort or
little castle, and when he had lost time and was ham-
|iered by the number of prisoners he had made for the
sake of their ransoms, and the inhabitants had recovered
from their first panic, and had thrown themselves into the
fort, ho found that place too strong for him. He attacked
it, however, making use of the cruel expedient of placing
his prisoners in the front of his own men; but the de-
fenders of tlie fort, though they might kill countrymen,
friends and relatives, were not by this deterred, but kept
up a steady fire, and twice repulsed the buccaneers.
.Meanwhile the Spaniards outside of the fort, made head
from all parts, and hemmed in the bnceanccrs, who, from
assailants, found themselves obliged to look for tlier own
defence anil retreat. Watling paid for his iinprudence
with his life, and two ipiarter-masters, the Imatswain, and
some of the lust men among the rovers, fell before the
flirt. Wlirii the rest withdrew from the town, and made
for their boats, they were harassed the whole way by a
distant firing from the Spaniards, but they ert'eeted their
retreat in tolerably good order. The whole party, how-
narrowly escaped deslriictioii ; for the Spaniards
had forced from the prLsoners they took, the signals which
had Ik'cu agreed upon with the men left four miles otl'in
hai'gc of the liuecaneer boats ; and having made these
signals, the boats had quitted their |)ost, to which the ro-
vers were now retreating, und were setting sail to run
lowiito the town, when Ihe most swift of foot of the band
reached the sea. side just in linn' to call them back. They
mbarked in the greatest hurry and ran for their ships,
too iiineh disheartini'd to attiuipt to cnptui ; three vessels
I hat lay at anchor in the roads.
In this iniiinianugnd allaek on Ariea, tho buccanoers
lost between killed and taken, Iwoiity-oight men, be.
sides having oightnen wounded. Among the prisonerR
taken by tho Spaniards, wore two surgeons, to whom
had been confided the care of tho wounded. " We could
have bionghl otV our doctors," says IlingroFc, " but
they got to drinking while we were assaulting the fort,
and wiion wn called to thorn, thoy would not come.
Tho Spaniards gavn quarter to tho surgeons, thoy being
nhio to do thorn good service in that country ; but as to
Sharp out of his command ; and Sharp's parly were |H'r- the wounilnd men taken priaoners, they were all knocked
iiMdcd to have iwlienco, neciiig they wore tho fowost, and Ion the lioud !"
The deposed chief, Barty Sharp, was now reinstated
the command, being esteemed a leader of safer con-
duct than any other. It was unanimously agreed to
quit the South Sea, which they proposed to do, not by
sailing round tho American continent by the strait of
Magalhanos, but by rcerossing the isthmus of Darien.
They did not, however, immediately alter their course,
hut still beating lo the south, landed on the lOth of
March at Guasco, whence they carried off one hundred
and twenty sheep, eighty goats, two hundred imshels of
corn, and a plentiful supply of fresh water. They then
stood to the north, and on the 27th passed Ariea at a
respectful distance : " our former entertainment," says
one of tho buccaneers, " having been so very had, that
wo were no ways encouraged to slop there again."
By the IGth of April, however, when tlicy were near
the island Plata, where on a former occasion many of
them " had lost their nuniey fo tlicir fellow buccaneers
at dice," tho spirits of some of the crew had so mueh
revived, that they were again willing to try their Ibr-
tunes longer in the South Sea. Hut one parly would not
continue under .Sharp, and others would nol reeogni.so
a new commander. As neither jiarly would yield, it
was determined to .separate, and agreed, "that which
party soever upon polling should be found to have tho
majority should keep the ship." Sharp's party proved
the most nuinorous, and they kept tho vessel. The
minority, which consisted of fonrly-four Europeans, two
Mosquito Indians, and a Spanish Indian, took the long
boat and tho canoes, as had been agreed, and separating
from their old comrades, proceeded to the gulf of Sun
Miguel, wlicro they landed, and travelled on fool over
tho isthmus by much tho same route as they had come.
From tho Atlantic side of tho isthmus they found their
way lo tho West Indies. In this seceding party were
tho two authors, William Dumpier and Lionel Wafer,
tho surgeon. Dumpier published a brief sketch of Ibis
Expedition to the South Sea, with an account of his
return across the isthmus ; but of the latter the most
entertaining description was written by Wafer, who,
meeting with an aceident on his journey back, which
disabled him from keeping pace with his countrymen,
was loft behind, and remained for some months the
guost of the Darion Indians. Living among them as ho
did, he had ample opportunity of informing himself of
all their manners andcustom.s, and I know no book that
gives so complete and amusing a picture of the habits of
savage life, unless it bo tho volume on the Now Zeu-
landcrs, published by tho "Society for tho Diffusion
of Knowledge."
Sharp, with hia diminished crow, which must have
been reduced to about seventy men, sailed with the
ship northward to the gulf of Nicoya. Mooting no
booty there, he returned to the island Plata, picking up
throe prizes in his way. Tho first was a ship called
tho San Podro, with a lading of cocoa-nuts, and 21,000
pieces of eight in chests, and 10,000 in bags, besides
plate. The money in bags, with all the looso plunder,
was immediately divided, each man receiving two hun-
dred and thirty. four pieces of eight. The money in
chests was reserved for a fiituro division. Their second
prize was a packet from Panama bound to ('allao, by
which they learned that in Panama it was believed that
all the buccanoers had returned over land lo the West
Indies. The third was a ship called the San Rosario,
which made a bold resistance, and did nol submit until
her captain was killed. She came from Cnllao with ii
cargo of wine, brandy, oil, and fruit, and hud in her as
much money as yielded ninety. four dollars to each
buccBiioer. Through their ignoraneo of metals lliey
missod a much groutur booty. There were seven hun-
dred pigs nf plate which they mistook fiir tin, on ac-
count of its not being refined and titled lor coining.
They only took ono of Iho seven hundred pigs, and
two thirds of this they molted down into bullets and
otherwise squandered away. After having beaten along
tho coast, coming at tiinos to niichor, making a few
discoveries, and giving names to islands and buys, but
taking no prizes, they sailed early in November from
tlio shores of Patagonia. Tlioir navigation heneo, as
Captain Kurney remarks, was mora than could lio
imagined ! It was likn the journey of travellers by night
in a itrango country without ii guide. The weallier
being very stormy, they wore afVaid to venture through
the strait nf Magalhanos, but ran to tho south lo go
round the Tiorru del Fuego. Spite of tein|)0sts, clouds,
and dnrknoss, and immenso iee-bergs, thoy doubled in
safety the redoubtablu Cu|io Horn, nine months after
tliolt comrKdu«,who went back by tlio istlimus of Darien,
had lell Ihein.
\,i'i>''' ■■;,.,
i.„«:m
-■»,; ■
{■M
122
LIVES OF BANDITTI AND ROBBERS.
i^
»{'
•.;r
y;-
1. ,
Oil the Jill ol'DLCi-iiiliur they iiiiuica divisiuii ot such
(if thuir sjiuils as hud heuii rcscrvud, Kuch niuii's Hharo
iiiiKiuiitud tu ihreu liiiiidrud and twunty-vight piocca of
ei^rht.
Oil January tlio SStli, 1G82, they mado the inland of
llurbddocs, where the liritish iViguto Kichinoiid was
lyhijf. " We liaviiig acted in all our voyage without a
coiiiiiiission," sayx Uiiigrose, *> dared not lie so bold as
to put in, lest the said frijjate should seize us for jiri-
vateurin|r, and slrip us of all wo had jrot in the whole
voyagi!.'" They, thcroforo, sailed to Antigua. I'eoiilo
may say what they choose about the virtues of old
times! It is a notorious fact that statesmen and the
servants of govornincnt wore in those days corrupt,
rapaiidus, dishonest. It seems to have been an es.
tabli.-'hed jiraetice among the buccaneers to purchase
iiii|Mniity by bribing our governors of the West India
i.-'laiuls. liiil at Antigua, iT'h.'irp now found, as On.
senior, ("uloiiel t'odriiiglon, an honest man, who would
nut allow Ilia lady (o accept of a present of jewels sent
by the bueeancers as a propitiatory otfering, nor give the
liiieeanoers leave to enter the harbour. Tlio buccaneers
then SI paralod. .Some stole Into Antigua on board of
other ciall; Sharp and some others landed at Nevis,
whoiiee they procured a passage to England. Their
ship, the Trinidad, which they had captured in the Hay
of ranaiiij, was left lo seven desperadoes of the coni-
|iany, who having lost every farthing by gaming, had
no indiieeiiient lo lead thciii to England, but remained
wlicrc tiicy were, in the hope of picking up new asso-
ciates, with whom they iniijlit again try their fortunes
as free rovers.
When Bartliolomciv Sharp arrived in England, ho
and a few of his men wore apprehended and brought
before a court of admiralty, where, at the instance of
the .Spanish ambassador, Ihey were tried for piracies in
the South Sea. One of the priiiripal charges against
them was taking the Spiinish ship Rosario, and killing
the captain and one of her men. " I!nt it was proved,"
says the author of an anonymous narrative, who was
one of the niiccaiiecrs tried, "that the Spaniards fired
at us first, and it was judgeil that wo ought to defend
ourselves." I can hardly understand how it should
have been so, but it is said, from the general defective-
ness of the cvidencn produced, they all escaped con.
viction.
Three of Sharp's men wore also tried at Jamaica, one
of whom '■ being wheedled into an open confession, was
condeimiod and hanged ; the other two stood it out,
and esea|)ed for want of witnesses to prove the fact
against them."
"Thus terminated," adds Captain Burncy, " vsliat
may be called the First Expedition of the Duccanccrs
in the South Sea; the boat excursion by Morgan's men
in the Hay of Panama being of too little consequence lo
be so reckoned. They had now made successful experi-
ments of the route both by sea and land; and the
Spaniards in the South Sea had reason to apprehend a
speedy rencwalof their visit."
.Vnd indeed their visit was repeated the very iic.\t
year. "On Augiisl the !}3d, 1G8.1," says William Dani-
picr, who had not had enough of his first expedition,
" we sailed from Virginia, under the coiiiiimiid of Cap-
lain Cuiik, bound for the South Soas." Their ad-
venturous, dangerous mode of life must have had strong
charms lor them, for besides Dainpier and Cook, Lionel
Wafer, Edwaid Davis, and Ambrose Cowloy, went for
the second time, and indeed nearly all of their crow,
aiiiounting to about .seventy men, wern old buccaneers.
Their ship was called llie Kevenge, and mounled
eighteen ginis : an immense superiority over the craft
with which lliey had already scoured those seas, anil
which had not oven a single large gun on board,
(|iiite enough has been said to irjvo the reader a no
lion of the iiioile of proceeding anil living of these
marauders. Without inelnding an account of the dis
eovories they iiiailo in the South .Sea, and the additions
IJaiiipier and Wafer procured lo our knowledge of the
natural history of those parts of the globe, and of the
niaiiners and liabits of the savages who inhabited them,
a i-oiitmuation of the narrative of the bueeaneerH would
be monotonous; and lo include these would occupy loi:
iimeli space, and not be germane to a work like tin
present. I will, therefore, mention only a few par-
lieiilars, and harteii to the oxtinclijn of tliese extraordi-
nary a»so< iations.
When the llevengo got into the South Sea, Ihey were
surprised tu find another English ship there. 'I'his
ship had been fitted out in the river Thanies, under a
pretence of tradinjr. but with the iiitonliuii of niuking a
piratical voyage. Her comniander was one John Eaton,
who readily agreed to keep company wilh Cook. Cook
died ill July, just as they made Capo Blanco, and Ed-
ward Davis, the second in command, vsas unanimously
elected to succeed him. 'I'his man, tliougli a buccaneer,
had many good and some great qualities. Humane
himself, he repressed the ferocity of his companions;
he was prudent, moderate, and steady ; and such was
his commanding character, and the Gonfidcnce his
worth and talent inspired, that no rival authority was
ever set up against him, but the lawless and capricious
freebooters obeyed him implicitly in all that lie ordered.
For a long while he maintained his sway, not only over
the two ships already mentioned, but over another
English vessel, and over two hundred French, and
eighty English buccaneers that crossed the isthmus of
Darien, and joined him, besides other parlies, that went
from time to time to try their fortunes in the South
Seas.
Jty far the most interesting incident in the history ol
these marauders is found in this their second o.X|ieditian
in the I'acific. On their first cruise, when under the
command of Watling, tlio buccaneers having been sud-
denly scared away from the uninhabited island of Juan
Fernandez by the appearance of three armed Spanish
ships, letl lieliind them one William, an Indian of the
iMosqiiito tribe, whose atlachnient to the English ad-
vciiiurers has been mentioned. The poor fellow was
absent in the woods, hunting gouts for food tor the
buccaneers at the time of the alarm, and they could
spare no time to search after him. When this second
expedition came near Juan Fernandez, on March 22d,
1C84, several of the buccaneers who had been with
Walling, and were still atlacheil lo their faithful Indian
comrade William, were eager to discover if any truces
could be lonnd of him on the island, and accordingly
made for it in great haste in a row-boat.
In this boat was Dampicr, who, marauder though he
was, has doscriliod the scene with exquisite 8iin]ilicily
and feeling, and Robin a .Mosquito Indian. As they
approached the shore, to their astonishment and delight
they saw William at the seaside wailing to receive
them.
" llobin, his countryman," says Dampier, " was the
first who leaped ashore from the boat, and running to
his brother .^Iosquito man, threw himself Hat on his face
at his feet, who helping him up and embracing him, fell
Hat with his face on the grmiiul at Robin's feet, and
wai by him taken up also. Wo stood with pleasure to
behold the surprise, tenderness, and solemnity of this
interview, which was exceedingly affectionate on both
sides; and when their ceremonies were over, we, also,
that stood gazing at them, drew near, each of us em-
bracing him we had found here, wlio was overjoyed to
.xee so many of his old friends come hither, as he
thonght, purposely to fetch him."
William had by this time lived in utter solitude for
more than three years. The Spaniards knew that he
had been left behind at the island, and several ships of
that nation had stopped there and sent (leoplo in pursuit
of him, but he, dreading they would put him lo death
as an ally of their persecutors, the English buccaneers,
had each time Hed and succeeded in concealing hiinseU
from their search.
When his friends first sailed away and left him at
Juan Fernandez, William had with him a musket, a
small horn of powder, a few shot, and a knife. " When
his ammunition was expended," continues Dampier,
" he iniiirived, by notching his knife, to saw Ihc barrel
of his gnu into small pieces, wherewith he made har-
poons, lances, hooks, and u long knife, heating the
pieces of iron first in the fire, and then hainmering them
out as ho pleased with stones. This may seem strange
to those not acquainted with the sagacity of the Indians;
hut it is no more than what the -Mosquito men were
accustomed to in their own country." Ho had worn
out the English clothes with which he had landed, anil
now had no covering save a goatskin round his waist.
For fishing, he made lines from sealskins cut into
thongs. " Ho had built himself a hut, half a mile from
the seashore, which he lined wilh goatskins, and slept
on his eoiieh or liiirticcu of sticks raised about two feel
from the ginniid, and spread with goalskins." lie
saw the huceaneers' ships the day before, and with his
quick sight perceived at a great distance, that from
their rigging and manner of inameuvring they must bo
English; ho therefore killed three goals, which he
diessed with vegetahles, and when his friends and libera-
tors landed he had a feast ready prepared for them.
After liuvinjf cruised for four years, Davis Biid ni«ny
of his companions returned to the West Indies in ItiHti,
ill time to benefit by a proclamation ollcring the king's
pardon to all buccaneers who would claim it and quit
tlinir lawless way of lilt*. '* It was not," says Captain
Uurney, " the least of fortune's favours to this crow,
that they should find it in their power, without any care
or forethought of their own, to terminuto a long course
of piratical adventures in quietness and secuiity,"
By a short time atler the return of Davis, all the buc.
cancers, both Freiic' 'id English, had quitted the South
Sea, most of them g eti'ectcd a retreat across the
isthmus, in which tl;.._, met with some most despcrnte
adventures. They continued their depredations for a few
years longer in tlic West Indian seas, and on tiic coasts
of the Spanish main, bat they never returned to the I'a..
cific.
On the accession of William III. a war l«;tweeii Great
Britain and France, that had been an unusually liin[r
time at peace with each other, seemed inevitable. 'I'lie
French in the West Indies did not wait for its declaru-
tioii, but attacked the English portion of St. (^'Iiristoplur,
which island, by joint agreement, had been made thu
original and confederated Bettlement of the two nations.
The English were forced to retire to the island of St.
Nevis, 'i'lic war lietweeu France and England, which
followed, lasted till nearly tlie end of William's reign.
The old ties of amity were rent asunder, and the bueca-
neers, who hud been so long leagued against the Spa-
niards, now carried arms against each other, the FreiKh
acting as auxiliaries to the regular forces of their nation,
the English fighting under the royal flagof tlicirs. They
never again confederated in any buccaneer cause. Had
they been always united and properly headed — had con.
quest and not plunder been their object, tlicy might gra-
dually have obtained possession of a great part of Ha'
West Indies — they might at once have established an in.
de|K;ndent stiite among the islands of tlie Pacific ocean.
The treaty of Ryswick, which was signed in Septeiii.
ber 1G',)7, and the views of the English and French cabi-
nets as regarded Spain, and then, four years later, the
accession of a Bourbon prince to the Spanish throne, led
to the final suppression of tlicse marauders. Many of Ilium
turned planters or negro drivers, or followed their pro-
fession of sailors on board of merchant vessels ; but otheri^,
who had good cruising ships, quitted the West Indies,
separately, and went roving to dilTercnt parts of tlic globe.
Their distinctive mark, which tliey uiideviatingly pre-
served nearly two centuries, was their waging constant
war against the Spaniards, and against them only." —
Now this was obliterated, and they no longer existed as
buccaneers.
I conclude witli the words of Captain Burney, in which
will he found a melancholy trutli, but which, 1 hope, from
the amelioration of our colonial governments and oiii
general improvement, will soon, as regards Englishiniii
and present times, apjicar like a falsehood.
" In the history of so much robbery and outrage, the
rapacity shown in some instances by tlie European
governincnts in their West Indian transactions, and liy
governors of their ap|iointmeiit, ap|iears in a worse light
than that of the buccaneers, from whom, they iH'ing pro-
fessed rutfians, nothing better was expected. Tlic suiHrior
attainments of Euro|H'ans, though they have done much
towards their own civilisation, cliieHy in humnnisiiijr
their institiitioiis, have, in Uieir dealings with the iiiliii-
bitants of the rest of the glolie, with few exceptions, been
made the instruiiieiits of usurpation and extortion.
" AlUr the suppression of the huceaneers, and partly
from their relics, arose a race of pirates of a more (lis-
prrate east, so reiulered by the inereased danger of llirii
oeciipation, who fiir a iiumher of years preyed U|kiii the
eommerce of all nations, till they were hunted down, anil,
it may be said, exterminated,"
.Ml my readers will remeniber that there has been a
doubt expressed, whether or not a dignitary of the I'lif;-
lisli ehureli had not Iseii in early lilt' a bueeaneer and ii
robber. I say all will reniember it, because Lord Hyrnii
nlluded to the eirenmstanec in a note to " ThoX'orsair,"
one of the finest of his poems.
As, however, the passage is short as it is curious, I
will quote it here.
" In Noble's continuation of Granger's Biograpliicnl
History there is a singular passage in his accmnil of
Arehlushop Blackboiirne ; and as in some measure con-
nected with the profi'SHion of tlic^ hero of the lliregniii|;
poem, I cannot resist the temptation of extraiiling it.—
' There is something mysterious in the history and elm-
racterof Dr. Blackliourne. The former is but iiniicrlectly
known i and rc|iort lioo even asserted ho was a buccinctii
"Mrs. Iluhh
III' Siiiiiii'l Cii.i
llial she h.iil -. ■
Irani, she tin n
whin- lleiiiii^JK
nfS.'eiini| stirel
then liiii'W it w,
wire iilV.iiil Ilia
111' ir of it, slioii!
iK^'iiilt. lie \\;
williiii iiniiii ilia
fill to give no
wliire Ihey wis
i'll:isirs, \e.
"Itl.h'Klii'aril
lute Dr. Hugh >
in 111 r y.'llth em
CT|ll'Mri| lu- him
iu riiiiadeliiliia
4
KlCCANIiKRS or A3ICRICA.
I2;j
t liidioa ill Ititjij,
;ring tlie king's
liiiiii it and quit
," says Coptoiti
a to til is crow,
vitliout any care
to a long courBi!
1 secuiily."
avis, all the buc.
juittcd the Soutli
;trcut across the
1 most desperate
dations for a few
id on tlic cojislii
uriicd to the l\.
ir between Grcut
1 unusually li)n(r
incvitiiblc. 'i'lie
t for itji dccliiru-
f St. ('hriatoplici-,
1 been made tlie
the two nations,
the island of St.
England, which
William's reign,
r, and the bueca-
against the iSpa-
Dther, the French
cs of their niilion,
g of tlieirs. They
leer cause. Ilail
leaded — had con.
, they might grn-
great part of the
esitublislu'd an in.
le Pacific ocean,
ligncd in Scptein-
and French eabi-
r years later, the
paiiish throne, led
irs. Many of tlicm
>llowed their pro-
'esscls ; but otlieri^,
the West Indies,
parts of tlie glol)e.
uideviatiiigly pro-
waging coin-tunt
St tlii'm only."—
longer existed as
Burncy, in wliich
liieh, 1 hope, from
niiients and oni
ards Giiglishnien
lod.
and outrage, the
ly tlio European
isaetions, and hy
in a worse light
, they being pre-
ed. The BU|H'rioi
linve done iiiiieh
in humanising
[H with the iiihn-
exceptions, lieen
extortion.
leers, and partly
of a more lies-
1 danger of the ir
[preyed upon the
uiiteddowii, ami,
lliere has been a
Inry of the Kng-
Ibueeaiieer and a
liuse Lord Hyrcn
ThoX'orsuir,"
it is curious, I
j-'s lliogruplileal
his account of
|e measuri' cnn-
If the foregoing
lextraeling il.—
Iiistory and elia-
1 but imperfectly
las abuccaiit«t;
and that one of his bretlireii in tlmt prolession having
a.-ked, on liis arrival in England, wliat had become ol' Ins
old cimni, lllaciibounie, was answered, he is ar<diliisliup
of Vork. \\'e are inlbrined, that Ulaekbourno was in-
stalled snb-deaii of Exeter in lUyl, which ollice he re-
signed in 17IU; but uller his successor Lewis lianiet's
death, in 1704, he regaiiie<l it. In the following year lie
became dean; and in 1714 held with il the arelideanery
of Cornwall. . He was consecrated bishop of Exeter,
KehruarySI, 171(>; and translated to York, Moveniber
2t<, 17^4, as a reward, according to court scandal, lor
uniting tJeorge I. to the l>uehess of Munster. Tliis,
however, ap|H;ar3 to have been uii uiifounilid ciiluniny.
As arclil)islio|) li<! beluved with great prudence, and was
(■(pially rc»|K'e(al)le as the guardian of the revenues of the
si'i'. Kmnonr whispered he retained the vices of his youth,
anil that a pns^^iun fur the t'air sex foriiied an item in the
list of his weaknesses; but so liir from being convicted
hv SI venly witnesses, he does not apjiear to have been
iIni elly eliminated liy one. In short, 1 look upon these
aspersions as t!je ell'eels of mere malice, llow is it
|si;slli|e a hiiccaneer should have been so good a scholar
as lllaekbourue certainly was / He who had so jierfect a
knowledge of the classics (particularly of the tireck tra-
gedians,) as to be able to ri^ad them with the same ease
as he could Shakspe ire, must have taken great pains to
aeipiire tiio learned languages, and have had both leisure
and good niastiTs. ItuI he was undoubtedly educated at
('Inisl ehnrcli college, Oxford.' " Tliese arguments do
not appear to me to he very conclusive. Dampicr, Ijionel
Wafer, Sliar|), and oliiers of the hiiecanecrs, were men of
eonslcleralile edue.ition. From their ae(|uirciiieuts to the
classical accomplislmicuts of Itlackhourno is indeed a
slep, hut still it is only a (juestioii of degree, and in asso-
eialions where there were such civilised men as they,
ihei'i might be one still more culiivated, like lilaekbourne.
I have no anxiety to prove the identity of a rohber and a
hisliop, hut think there can be nothing so very improbahle
in Ihe story, lliat a wild youth, even though educated at
"(lirist ehiirch e(dlege, Oxl'ord," should have been a
huee.neer in tlie West Indies, and then have returned,
and, aller a dubious refonnalioii of his morals, have at-
uiiiied high church prcl'ermcnt, hy his talent-s, his in-
trigues, or by a forluniitc patronage. "'He is allowed
to have been a pleasant man; lliis, however, was turned
against him, by its being said, he gained more hearts
than souls,' "
Mr, Mac Farlane having, in the i)reeeding narrations,
eonliiied himself to a particular class of American buc-
eaneers, we have prepared the ibllowing lief notices of
Captain IllieMieard and Kid, who were long the terror
of the American colonists, and give them in place of
some I'amili.ir ami less exciting relations, which have
U'eii oinitteil,
Mr, Watson, the annali.-sl of riiiladelpliia, bears ample
testiniony that the legends of the pirates were of deip
interest in the lime of our liiretathers; so much so, that
the iclio of their recitals, liir as we are removed from
till ir eil'i'ts, has not eea,sed to vibrate upon our cars. The
:inn:ili-l li id not access to the " History of the I'irates,
from Aiiich we have drawn our inlbrmation, Imt he has
inserted some particulars relative to their ap|MMranee in
this eily and neighbourhood which deserve a place liere.
lie says —
" Mrs, Hill ih Conies, (once .Iaec]iiel,) the grandiiiolher
orSmiuel ('o,tes, [',:sn. now an aged cili/.eii, told liiiii
thai she had sr. n and sold goods to Ihe eelebraled Hl,:ek-
iM'.ircl, she Iheii keepiiof a store in High street. No. 77,
where lieninghove Move owns and dwells — ,i lillle west
nrSiond slieel. He boiiglil freily and paid well. She
llieii knew il w.is liini, and so illd some others. Kill lliey
were alV.iid to arrest him lesl his erew, when they slioiihl
heir ol' il, slioiiM :^vi iige his cause, by some ii'iiilniglil
assiiill. lie was i r,, polilie to bring his vessel or erew
wilhiii iniini diale n.ieli; and al the same liiiu^ was care.
fill lo give no direc t olVenee in any of llie settlei ils
where Iliey widied to be ri'gaiiled as visiters and piir-
eleisers, iVe,
" lllaeh!ii\ird was also semi at sea by Ihe mother of the
kle Dr. Hugh Willlain.soii of ,\ew York; she was then
in her yoiilli I'oniiiig to Ibis eoimlry, and their ve^sc I was
enpl'M. (I hy liiin, 'J'l,,. very aged John Hiillon, who died
iu riiiladelphia in I'M, well rtmcmkTcU lo huvo seen
lilacklicard al Darbadoc s aller he had conic in under the
act of oblivion. 'I'liis was but shortly belore he made his
la,st cruise, and was hilKd in 17 If. 'J'lie present i.ged
lienjamiii Kile has told me, that he had seen ill his youth
an old black man, nearly one hundred years of ege, who
had bi'en one of Itlackbeard's pirates, hy inipressnient.
He lived many years with tieorge (iniy's tliiiiily, the
brewer in (lieslimt sired, near to Third street. The
same iMr, Kite's grnndlalbir told him he well knew one
(.'raiie, a Swede, at the upper terry on Schuylkill, who
used to go regularly in his boat to supply lilacklx aid's
vessel at Stale Island. He also saiil it was known that
that freeliooler iisid to visit an inn in High street, near
to Second street, with his sword by his side. 'J'here is a
trriditionary story, that lihiekbeard and bis erew ns< d to
visit and r< vel at iMareushook, at the house of a Swedish
woman, whom he was accusloiiied to call .Maicus, as an
ahhreviation of Margaret.
" How long lilaekbeard exerci.-ed bis pirai ies before
the years 1717 and '18, wliieli Uriiiiiiated l.is proliigale
career, I am not enabled lo say, but in this time the MS.
papers iu the iiOgaii eollectioii make ireipicnt mention of
him and others, as in that hateliil pursuit,
"In 1717, .lames Eogan writes, saying, 'We have
lieen extremely pestered with pirates who now swarm iu
America, and increase their numbers by almost every
vessel they take — [compelling lliem to eiili r by coercion
or otherwise.] If speedy care be not taken they will be-
eoiiic formidahle, being now at least lilleen hundred
strong. They have very parlieularly talked of visiting
this place; many of them being well ac<|uaiiitcd with il,
and some born in it, liir they are generally all English,
and therclbru know tliat our governmenl can make no
delenee.'
" In October, 1718, James Logan again wiites to C'olr-
iiel Hunter, the governor of New York, by express, say-
ing, ' \\\i are now sending down a small vessel lo seize
those rogues, if not streiiglheiied from sea. We arc in
maiiil'est danger here, unless the king's ships (which
seem careless of the matter) take some iieilice of us; they
probably think a proprietary government no part of their
charge. It is possihle, indeed, that Ihe merchants of New
York, some of llicin I mean, might not be displeased to
hear we are all reduced to ashes, [Even so early it seems
there were jealousies of trade!] Unless these pirates be
deterred from coining up our rivers by tlic fear of men
of war outside to block them in, there is nothing but
what we may fear I'roin them, for that unhappy pardon
[tlie same Teach iK'fore embraced,] has given tliem a
settled correspondence every where, and an op|>ortunily
[mark this] of lodging their friends where they please to
come to their assistance; and nowhere in America,
[mark this!] I believe, so much as in this town.'
" Such was the picture of piracy which once distressed
and alarmed our forefathers, anil shows in itself iniich of
the eau.se of the immeroiis vague tales wc still occasion-
ally hear of Ulackbeard and Ihe pirates."
From a very scarce book now before us, entitled " A
(ieiieral Iiistory of the Pyrales, from their first rise and
settlement in the Island of Providence to the present
time, by Charles Johnson, lib edition, Londim, 17:iG,"
wiiieli was evidently prepared w itli constant reference to
aulheiilic documents, wo have collected tlic following
particulars.
ULACKIlEAnD.
Edward Teach, heller known by the name of Bi.aik-
iiKAiii), was born in Ihislol, Eiighuid, and for a eonsider-
abh' [le'riod was i iigaged in privateering from tlic Island
of Jamaica. He in ted as a private sailor till the year
171li, wliiii a Captain Horiiigold, a noted pirate, raised
him lo the eoiiiiiiand of a sloop he had inach' prize of.
He ciHiliiiiieil ill eonipniiy with Horiiigold until Ihe latti r
was captured. In the spring ol'l717 they sailed logelher
friHii Ihe l.-^lniidof I'rovideiice lor the Aiinrican eohmie.s,
and look in their way a \essel Iroiii Havaiin, which
Iliey plundered, ami a sloo|i from llermiida, fVoiii w liieli
they look only a le'W gaMoiis of wine, and dismissed her.
They also eaplmed a ship from Ma(hi.-a, bound to South
Carolina, from which they gol eonsiderable plumhr.
Aller cleaning their ves.sel on the coast of Virg-iiiia,
they slarled liir Ihe West Indies, and on the voynge made
prize of a large Kn iiiditiiiineaman. Aller various eruises
lliey were shipwrecked on the coast of Norlli Caridina,
when 'i'eaeh, In ariiig of a proelamalion by wliieli all
pirales who surrendered were to bo pardoned, wi lit w ilh
tweiily of his iiii^n lo the (j;overiior of that slnti', and re-
ctivcil ceflificutca of having complied with its terms.
ihit it does not ap|)ear that their Mil mission w as from any
retbrmation, but only lo gain lime to prepare lin- a re-
newal of their deeds of iiiii]uily. An opporliinily soon
presented, with a fair prospi el of success, Ttac h having
in the interim cultivated a good iimh rslanding wilh
Cliarhs Eden, the governor above nienlioin d. He had
brought in, some time before, a miTcbanlnian, of which,
says Johnson, Eden contrived to give him possession,
through a packed vice-admiralty com I, lieUI at Itatli
Town, though it was notorious that be had never held tt
coniinis.^iou in his life, and thai the vessel in ipiestion be-
longing to English merehants bad l,ii ii taken in lime of
peace. Helbre Teach sailed he married a girl of about
sixteen, the governor perlurming the (cri^moiiy — this, it
is said, made his fourteenlh wiii! What acts <if piracy
he committed on this voyage we have no data liir ascer-
taining.
In Jiuic 1718, he steered bis ci ur.-c liir lierimiila, ami
met two or three English vessels, which be robbed of
provisions, stores, and otbir imi ssaries. When mar
lierniuda, he fell in with two French ships; one of iheni
was hiadcd with sugar and coi-oa, and the other in bal-
last; the latter he dismissed, with both crews on board;
Ihe other he brought to North Carolina, where the
governor and the pirales shared the plunder. 'I'eaeli and
his officers having made allidavit that they (omul their
prize at sea, without a soul on board, the governor's
obedient court condi iiiiied her — his excelleiiiy having
si.vty hogsheads of sugar liir his divhhnd, and his secre.
tary, Mr. Kniglit, one; llie colkcter fiir the province
received twenty.
Hut this art'air was not yit complelcd; the ship re-
mained, and it was possible somi body might come into
the river who would recognise her, anirthus discover
their nllany. Teach, thinking il would be most prudent
to destroy her, under )iri lenee that she was in a leaky
condition, and hy sinking would destniy the entrani'e
to llie harbour, procured an order from the governor lo
set her on fire, which was aeeordingly done? She was
burnt to the water's eilge, her hull sunk, anil with it
their fears of her ever rising in judgnienl against them
disaiijKarcd,
Blacklieard now entered on a petty course of piracy,
inlestmg Ihe whole colonial coast, but more parlieularly
the waters of Virginia and tlie Delaw.ire, In Noveniber,
IJi^'i *Jovernor Spotswood of Virginia ottered a reward'
for Teach, dead or alive, of one hundred iMiunds ; for
every other commander of a |)iratc ship, fiirty |«)imds ;
tor inferior oHicers, lirom filleeu to twenty pounds; and
fiir every private, ten i>ounds.
Oil the 17tli of the same month. Lieutenant Maynnrd
sailed from Kiciiuctan, in James river, in search of
JllacklMMrd. On the 31st, in the evening, he came lo the
mouth of Ocracoek inlet, where he got sight of the pirate.
This ex|)editiou was managed with the greatest seitrecy,
the oflicer prudently slopping all boats and vessels he met
witli in tlic river, to prevent any inlelligeiue reaching
the outlaws. Hut, notwithstiuiding this cant ion, Uhick-
licard had information of the design from ( iovcrnor Eden,
liis secretary, Mr. Knight, having written him a letter,
with the iiiliirmation that he had sent him four of his
men, who were all he couhl muster, reminding him ta
be oil his guard. 'I'he pirate, having frccpi.ntly Inforo
lieen falsely alarmed, paid little altenlion to the advice,
nor was he hilly aware of the expedilioii till he adually
saw the sloops. He immediately put his vessel in a slate
of deliiicc. Having but about iwenly-five men on board,
lie told them to sell their lives ilearlv, and Iheii sat down
lo a drinking frolic with the master of a trading sloop,
who it was suspected was rather too inlimate with the
pirate liir his own credit,
Lieulenant iMaynnrd came to anchor in front of thn
iiilel, but In the morning weighed, and sent liis boats
ahead of the sloops to sound. On coming within gun-
shot of the pirales, he received their lire, and hoisliiig
Ihe king's eohiurs, stcxal directly for Hie eneiiiv, when
Itlackbeard cut his cable, and indeaMiiirid lo'makc a
running light, keeping up a eontiniii d lire with his guns,
wliieh Alayiiard could only aiiswir with small arms, the
shallowness of the iiavigaiion preilnding their carrying
cannon. In a lillle lime 'I'each's sloop ran aground', but
the heulcnant's drawing more water he could not come
near him, and therefore anchored within gnn-shol. In
oilier lo lighUn Ihe vessel, so as to run him al«iard, Mny-
iiard threw over all Ihe hallast and water, weighed, and
slood for the pirate, Ulackbeard liailid him with an oalli,
and dcinaiided who they were and whence tliey ennie.
'I'hc Lieiilemint imuh> answer, " You see hy our cohiurs
that we are no pirali s." Itlackbeard onhred liim to send
a boat aboard, that he might see wlio lie was, but ho
wiu answered that Uicy could not Bparc tJio boat, but
'y>^-
' ■>!
■■■■ ''y
■'■
■' ! 'i?
>'.<l
. ■'■<*
I :■•
j; ■'. '■ ■ ■•'*
t.r
1
i
,iip
, ' '■'* -1-
; ■ ■!■»
ifl.V'
p.,
124
UXna OP BANUITTI AND KOnBERS.
i;j>
nr'
would come aboard with tlic sloop as soon ns they could.
The pirntc took n glass of liquor, and drinking to his
opponent, Bworc he would ncitlicr give nor receive <piar-
ters; Maynard replied, he cxjiccted none, nor would he
give any.
By this time, Hlackheard's vessel made an attempt to
cscajx! as the sloops were rowing towards him, and he
fired n broadside, charged, says the historian, " with all
manner of small shots." The deck of .^laynard's vessel
being unprotected, twenty of his men were either killed
or wounded, but the crew still kept lo their oars, deter-
mined on capture. Fearing another broadside, tlie
lieutenant ordered nil the men below, except the lielins-
man, who, with himself, solely occupied the deck. The
helmsman was ordered to lay close, and the hands below
had received previous orders to be instantly ready ou a
given signal. When the two vessels came in contact,
Teach's men threw casc-bottles on board of Maynard's,
filled with imwder and small shot, slugs, and pieces
of lead or iron, with a lighted match in the nioutli.
E.i[ploding on the deck, they would have done great
execution, if the men had not Ix-cu in safety in the hold.
Blnckbcaril, seeing few or none of the hands, told his
men that they were all killed, except three or four, and
proposed to jump aboard, and cut them to pieces. No
sooner said tiian done; under the smoke of one of the ex-
ploded case-bottles, he sprang on deck, followed by Ibur-
teen men, who were not [Krceived by IMaynard till tlie
smoke had somewhat cleared off. The signal being
given, in a moment the two parties were engaged in
deadly combat, Blackbeard and the lieutenant firing the
first shots at each other, by which the pirate received a
woimd. They then engaged at arms' Icngtli with swords,
till the iieutenant's weapon unluckily broke, when, step-
ping back to cock a pistol, Blackbeard raised his cutlass,
and w s in the act of striking, when one of Maynard's
men giivc hiui a terrible wound in the neck and throat,
Maynur;! -eeeiving only a small cut over his fingers.
T/ie j/arties were now closely and warmly engaged, the
lieutcn.- nt and twelve men against Blackbeard and fourteen,
" till the tea was tinctured with blood round tlie vessel."
Blackboard received a shot in his body from Maynard's
])istol, but still stood his ground, fighting witli great fury,
till he had received twenty-five wounds, five of them by
shot. At length, as he was cocking another pistol, hav-
ing already fired several, he fell dead on the deck. Ei-rht
of his men shared the same fate, and the others, much
wounded, jum))ed overboard, and called out for quarters,
which was granted, tliough it was only prolonging tlieir
lives a few days. The second sloop under Maynard's
command, which had been aground, now came up, and
attacked the men in Blaekbeard's vessel who had not
boarded, and came off ecjually victorious.
Here was an end to the great terror of tlie colonics,
and of a wretch, who, had he been employed in a good
cause, nii_<Tht have passed for a hero. Lieutenant May-
nard deserved great praise for his bravery In following
such a desperado with very small vessels, whose draught
would not admit of their carrying either ordinance or a
sufficient numerical force.
When they got possession of the piratical vessel, tliey
found a negro with a lighted match in the jmwder room,
waiting for commands to blow all up, which were to
have been given if .Maynard and his men should enter
and seem likely to prove victorious; the inlenlion having
lieen to destroy the conquerors with themselves, and from
this they were oidy saved by the prudent prieaution of
the commander in keeping his men in the hold till the
piraten left their own vessel. The negro, when he found
how things were going, could scarcely lie persuaded from
setting fire to the powder.
The lieuteuanl caused l!laekbe:ird's head to Iw severed
from his' body, and bunging it up at the l)olls|)rit_ head,
sailed for Bath Town, to procure suririeal aid for his
wounded men. In rummaging tlic pirates' sloop, several
letters were found which discovered their enrrespon<lenee
with (Governor Eden's seiretary, of which the following
is a copy, preserved in Williamson's History of North
Carolina.
"November 17, 1717.
" My friend—
" If this finds you in the harbour, I would liave
von make Ibi' best of your way up as soon as |)ossible
your affairs will let you. 1 have something more lo say
to you than at present I can write. The JK'arer will tell
you the end of our Indian war, anil tJanet can tell you in
"part what I lia\e to say to you, so refer you in some
measure to him.
" I really think those three men arc heartily sorry at
their difference with you, and will Ix; very willing to ask
your pardon. If I nvay advise, lie fricnda again ; its bet-
ter so than falling out among yourselves. I expect tlii'
governor this night or to-morrow, who I believe would
lie likewise glad to see you liefore you go. I have not
time to add, save my hearty resjK'cts to you, and am
your real friend,
"T. KNKiHT."
Some traders in New York were also implicated by
tlie letters found on board.
When the lieutenant came to Bath Town, he seized
the governor's store-house, and his sixty hogsheads of
sugar, as well as honest .Mr. Knight's. The latter did
not long survive this dLscovery ; lieing apprehensive he
might be called to account, lie became ill with fright,
and died in a ii:\v days.
After the v\'0uuded men had recovered, the lieutenant
sailed back to James river, with Blacklieard's head still
at the boltsprit head, having oil board fifteen prisoners,
thirteen of whom were afterwards hanged. It ap|)earing
on trial that one of tliciii, Samuel Odell, was taken out of
the trading sloop only the night before the engagement,
he was jrariloned. Odell had no less than .seventy wounds
in various parts of the body, notwithstanding which he
lived and was cured of them all. The other [lerson who
escajKd the gallows was named Israel Hands. He liap-
|)cned not to have Ix'cn in the fight, but was. taken after-
wards ashore, at Bath Town, having iK'cn some time
liefore disabled by Blacklieard in the following manner.
One night, when drinking in his cabin with Hands, the
pilot, and anotlier individual, Blackbeard, without any
provocation, privately drew out a small pair of pistols,
and, blowing out the candle, discharged them at his com-
pany. Hands was shot through the knee, and lamed for
life ; the other pistol did no execution. Blackbeard being
asked the meaning of this, coolly answered with an
oath, that if he did not now and then kill one of them,
they would forget who he was. Hands lieing taken, was
tried and condemned, but pleaded his in,ijesty's pardon,
and by some juggling escaix-d with his life.
Teach owed his nickname of Blacklieard to the extra-
ordinary quantity of hair with which his head and face
were covered. Ilis beard was of a jet black, in full keep-
ing with his black or bloody Hag, and suffered to grow
to an extravagiuit length. It came entirely up to his
eyes, and ho was in the habit of twisting it with ribbons
into small tails, and turning tlicm up aliout his ears. In
time of action he wore a sling over his shoulders, with
three brace of pistols, hanging in holsters; and still fur-
ther to render lii.s horrible countenance terrific, he stuck
lighted matches under his hat, which apgiearing on each
side of his face, his eyes naturally looking tierce and
wild, made him appear altogether like a demon. His dis-
position corresponded to his ap|jcarance, a more reckless
wretch having rarely graced tlie annals of piracy. He
appeared desirous to impress his followers with the belief
that he was a devil incarnate. On one occasion, when
intoxicated, he pro|iosed to his followers to make a little
hell of their own, and see how long it could 1m^ borne.
\ccordingly, three or four of them descended to the
hold, and closing up all the hatches, filled several pots
with brimstone, and then set it on fire. They Iwre the
cfiluvia as long as possible, but being nearly sulfocated
wo of the men called out for air, and after some tim<'
their eoininaiidcr o|K'iieil the hatches, not a lillle pleiLsed
that he had In Id out llie longest. Sitting up with his
comrades the night previous to Ilis death, one of them
asked liiiii, ill ease he was killed, whetlier his wife knew
where he had buried his money. He answered, that
" nobody but himself and old Niek knew where it was."
An idea long prevaihd, and still exists, for aught we
know, in various parts of the neighbouring states, that
Blackbeard had deposited |iots of money in various se-
euie places. The writer has nii't with more than one
instance of |)ositive belief in these idle stories, and his
friend, Air. \Valsoii, in his very amusing bonk, says —
" 'I'lie conceit was, that sonuliines they killed a pri-
soner, and iuteried him with it, to maki' his ghost kiM p
his vigils there as a guard ' walking his weary rnuiid.'
Hence it was not rare to hear of |h rvoiis having seen a
slipook or gliost, or of havinsr dreamed of it a plurality
of times; thus creating a sulliiient incentive lo dig on
the »|iol.
" PriMin arter droam en-xiicc:
And t'till iliev (In-nni itini iliey kIidII ijiilUucree.l,
AimI ^tlll are dit;n|)|Hiintc<l ;"
" Colonel Thomas Forrest, who died in IWH, at the
age of H.*?, hnd been in his early dnys a youth of miieli
frolic and fun, always well disposed to give time and up.
plication lo Inrward a joke. He found iiiueli to aiiiUFe
himself in the eredulily of some of the (ierman families.
1 havo heard him relate some of his anecdotes of the
prcstigeous hind ith ni u huni'in When he was
about twenty-one r* ol ige, a ' r who was ineu-
suring him li>r a ■ of clothes lia| n] to say, ' Now,
Thomas, if you ill ' <ould only fin- iin of the mm !,■ v
of the sea-robber he pirates,') ' migli' ilri' >
coach for life!' Tlu . imerily and -im, lif-ity 'I
he littered this, caught the attenlion <il youii;;
and when ho went home he began to de\ ise sonn
lo be amused with his credulity and superslilinii. ure
was a prevailing belief that the pirates hail liiildut- utiv
sums of money and much of treasure aliout the hi ■ *. lif
the Delaware. Forrest got an old parchment, or hii!i
he wrote the dying testimony of one John Ilemlricks,
executed at Tyiiurn for piracy, in which he stated he hml
deposited a chest and a iiot of money at Cooper's Point,
in the Jersej-s. This parchment he smoked, and gave to
it the ap|iearance of antiquity ; calling on his (ierniiin
tailor, told liiin he had found it among his father's papers,
who got it ill England from tlie prisoner whom he visited
in prison. This he showed to the tailor as a precious
paper, which he could by no means lend out of his hands.
This operated the desired effect.
"Soon after, the tailor ealleil on Forrest witli one Am-
briistcr, a printer, who he introduced as capable of 'print,
ing any spirit out of hell,' by his knowledge of the blark
art. He asked to sec the parehment; he was delightiil
with it, and confidently said he could conjure Henilrieks
to give up the money. A time was appointed to meet in
an upper room of a public house in I'hiladelphia, liy
night, and the innkee|)er was let into the secret by For-
rest. By tlic night appointed, they had prepared by a
closet a communication with a room above their sitting
room, so as to lower down by a pulley the invoked ghost,
who was represented by a young man entirely sewed up
in a close white dress, on which were painted black-eyed
sockets, mouth, and bare ribs with dashes of black he.
tweeu them, the outside and inside of the legs and thighs
blacked, so as to make white bones conspicuous. About
twelve persons met in all, seated around a table. Ani-
bruster shufllcd and read out cards, on which were in.
scribed the names of saints, telling them he should bring
Hendricks to encompa.ss the table, visible or invisible lie
could not tell. At the words, .lolin Hendricks ' Jii rrr-
Jluchler citm heraus,' the pulley was heard to reel, the
closet door to lly o|K'n, and John Hendricks, with ghastly
apjiearance, to stand forth. The whole were dismayi d
and fled, save Forrest the brave. After this, Ambruster,
on whom they idl dejicndcd, diclared that he had liy
spells got permission to take up the money. A day w:is
therefore appointed to visit the Jersey shore, and to dig
there by night. The parchment said it lay between two
great stones. Forrest, therefore, prepared two black men,
to 1)0 entirely naked, except white |)ctticont.breeehes ;
and these were to juiiip each on the stouc whenever the y
came to the pot, which had been previously put then .
These frightened off tlio company for a little. Winn
they next essayed, they were assailed by eats, lied two
ami two, to whose tails were spiral papers of gunpowder,
which illuminated and wiiizzcd, while the eats wliawleil.
The pot was at length got up, and brought in gie.ii
triumph to I'hiladelphia wharf: but oh, sad di.sastirl
while helping it out of the boat, Forrest, who manairi il
it, and was handing it up to tlie tailor, trod upon the
gunnel and filled the boat, and, bidding on to the pot,
dragged the tailor into the river — it was lost I For years
afterwards, they reproached Forrest for that loss, and ilc-
elared he had got the chest by himself, and was enrielnil
tliereby. He fiivoured the conceit, until at la;t tiny
actually sued him on a writ of treasure trove; but llnir
lawyer was persuaded to give it up as idle. Some years
afterwards, .Mr. Forrest wrote a very humourous play,
(which I have seen printed, and n copy of il is now in
the I'hiladelphia .Mheineuiii,) wliieh contained many
iin'iilents of this kind of superslilion. It gave sm li
ollinie to the parties representeil, that il could not W
exhiliited on the stage. I reiininbir some lines in il, Inr
it had imieli of broken English and (ierman-Eiiglish
verses, to wit:
" .Mydi'incil wile. In all my 111*0,
li:ii ririx r w as t-n IVitilileirit,
lie s|tlril cnnie nint I did run
"Twas jiisic like ifiiiitiT lull llcliirniii!!."
"Several aged persons have oeensionally poinleil nut
lo me the places where persons to their knowledge, liiiil
dug for pirates' money. The siinill hill once on Iheiiertli,
side of Coales street, near to Front street, was well re-
inemliered by John Brown ns having been iimeh ilnu.
Colonel A. J. .Morris, now In his iiinelictli year, has tnld
me, that in his early days very niiieli was said of Dlark-
Ix'ard and the pirates, liolli by young and old. Talis
were frequently current that this and that pei-non hail
he^ri
■ilV »>
Jil Ik
-As
l«rly
k, n
iiey go
nat a wi
. iseomlil
Siiiitli,
eerlaiii,
anil supp
Island,
falnateil
qnimtitie
a point o!
(lull ^ftiCf
tlieniselvL
.sand idle
Dinners.'
ini'iit is
" tiTuSiire
wiinilirful
use til hi
liiied lo
diep ereel
purling hi
Jolnisoii
hooter, wit
'I'liose of I
wliieh the;
a cruise, tl
more IhiUi
days amon
luliw — hii
and disapp
This indivi
(irmly lielii
\S lii'ii lie was
\\')io wns inrii-
il to siiy, ' \ow,
11 of'lllf II V
light (Irh f
city ih
yoiiiii;
isi* woiui
rrslilinii
ad liiildiu
nut llir !•■
imcnt, oT
ohn IK'iHi
lie stated lie linil
Cooper's Poiiil,
kcd, and fjave to
on his (ieriiuih
s fa ther'i* papers,
whonihe visili'd
r as a precious
outofhisliandK.
BIJCCANEEKS OF AMERICA.
J 23
t rr
A* of
neks,
St witii one Ain-
;apable of 'print.
■di;e of the blaek
c was (li'liphtril
njure Hendrieks
linted to meet in
I'hiladelpliia, by
secret hy l''er.
J prepared by a
ovc their sittinif
ic invoked jrhnsl,
nlirely sewed U|i
linted hlaek-eyed
hes of black be-
L' lefTs and thi};lis
jiicuons. About
1(1 a table. Am.
which were in.
1 he should briiii;
lo or invisible lie
ndricks ' dii trr-
.>ard to reel, the
cks, with cliastly
were dismayid
this, .Amhriister,
that lie had by
ley. A (lay wus
|liore, and to dij;
lay between two
|l two black men,
tticoat-breeelies ;
ic whenever they
lously pill there.
a little. Whin
y eats, lied two
of gunpowder,
eats wliawleil.
ought in great
id disaster 1
, w ho niauageil
, trod upon tlic
on to the |ii.t,
lost I I'Vir years
[hat loss, and di'-
id wa«i eurieluil
il at but tiny
rove; but llidr
e. Some years
luiiKMiroiis pbiy,
|of it is now in
ntaiued many
It gave sui II
t could not he
' lines in it, lor
erinati-Eiiglisli
lilly pointed out
Tiiiowh'dge, hail
■ee on the north,
|, was well re-
Jen niueli dug.
yenr, has told
1 said of Dlaek-
old. Tnlcs
lint person liad
hr»rd • <oni< |ii« dixeovi Ireiisiire. Persons in the
ii, „, liar .iaslia\Mig piolited by his deprcdutions.
It he I ';;iii ilios'' tilings were not true.
• As lati 11' 'I'l^ .Veiir 171)2, the sliipcar|icnters formed
fUty to diff for pi rat is' money on the C'oliocksinc
,.k noftliwt .1 of the caiisevvay, under ii large tree.
iiev got Iriglilened «lV, And it eaiiu; out afterwards,
•lat u waggish neigliliour had enacted diabulus to their
iseoiiiliture."
Siiillh, the historian of New York, remarks — " It is
crtaiii, that the pirates were frequently in the Sound,
niiil supplied with provisions by tJie inhabitiuits of Long
Island, who, for majiy years afterwards, were so in-
fatuated with a notion that the |iiratcs buried great
(iiiaiitilies of money along the coast, that there is scarcely
a point of land, or an isliuid, without the marks of their
Hitii Mcri I'diiiis. Some crediu is |icoplo have ruined
llieniselves liy these rescarclies, and propagated a thou-
sand idle fables, current to this day, among our country
firnnrs." 'I'o prove the fallacy of these stories no argii-
nu'iit is necessary; Williamson .states that IllacUlieard's
" tie.isures, which vulgar credulity, prone to believe a
Wiinili rlul story, liad passed to his aceouiit, were of no
use to himself at least. 'I'lie man who is said and \>c.
liived to have buried pots or chests of money, in every
die|i creek along our coasts, had not the iiieans of sup-
porting himself Oil shore when he left oft' cruising."
Johnson lias one more anecdote of this tamous free-
booter, witli which he closes his annals of Captain 'I'eacli.
'I'liose of bis crew wlio were taken alive, told ii story in
which they placed implicit reliance, — that when out upon
a cruise, tliey discovered there was one man on board
more than their complement. He was seen for several
diiys ainoiig them — sometimes U|>on deck, and sometimes
klnv — but was entirely unknown to any of the bands,
and disappeared suddenly, without any one's knowledge.
'I'liis iiidividuiil these supeistitinus and ignorant wretches
liriiily lielievcd was the devil!
CAPTAIN KID.
Captain Kid's piracies arc of an earlier date than
Dhickbcard's, and, being carried on at a greater distance
from our shores, excited less attention among the mass
of the iH'o|>le. From Johnson's history, and other sources
the following facts have been collected.
It a|ipears, that bi^fore the Karl of iiellamont sailed to
tak iiiiinaiid as governor of the provinces of .Massaehu-
selt'i Hay and New llanipsliire, in lGi)8, he became ac.
(|iiaiute(l with Kobert Livingston, Esq. the ancestor of
the present liivingstons of New York, who was then in
Liiglaiid, prosecuting bis own aft'airs liefore the (ouneil.
The earl took occasion to mention to .Mr. Livingston the
scandal which attached to the province on account of the
pirates. The latter eonfessed the reports in circul.ition
were well Ibinided, and introduced the earl to (Japtain
Kid, wliuin he recommended as a man of integrity and
courage, well acquainted with the ]iirates and their ren-
dezvous, and who would undcrtaki^ to apprehend them, if
the king would employ a good sailing frigate of thirty
guns and one hundred and fifty men. Ikllamont laid the
proposal before the king, who consulted the admiralty
ii|ioii the subject; this project was, however, dropped,
mill .Mr. Livingston then proposed a private adventure
against the pirates, olfering lo be concerned with Kid to
llic amount of one fifth of the cost of outfit, and to be
liinisilf responsible for Kid's fiiithftil execution of the
coiiiiiilssioii. The king then gave his approval to the
plan, and reserved to himself a tenth share, to show that
lie was concerned in the enterprise. Lord Chancellor
Soiners, and others of high standing, joined in the
si'lieine, agreeing to make up a sum of six tliousaiid
pounds, leaving the management of the whole affair
Lord Itellaniont, who gave orders to Kid to pursue liis
I'onniiission, which was in the usual form.
Kid sailed from Plymouth fiir New York, in April,
Ki'lli, bearing also a commission, to justify him in taking
I'rciich merchant ships, King William iKMiig llieii at
war with that nation. His vessel, the Adventure (iallcy,
carried thirty guns and eighty men; on the voyage they
captured a French " banker," and, arriving nt New
\ork, Kid advertised for more men, ott'ering every one
who joined a shnro of wliiit should be taken. Hii com-
pany was thus increased to one Imndred luid fifty men,
with wliieli crew he sailed, first for Madeira, where he
took ill wine and other articles, ond proceeded to Hona.
»istn, to procure salt. He now bent his course to Mnda.
gasPiir, the known rendezvous of' pirates, wlieru lie arrived
in I'cliniary, tti07,
The pirates were most of tliein out in search of prey,
so that according to tlic best information Kid could ob-
tain, there were none of their vessels about the island.
\ller watering and taking in provisions Kid steered liir
the coast of Alulabar, and made an unsuccessful cruise.
It does not appear that, up to this period, he had any de.
sign of turning buccaneer himself, tor on the last named
voyage he fell in witli several India ships, richly laden,
to wiiieh lie offered no violence, though bis crew was
numerous enougli to have captured the whole; he soon,
however, began to open his views to the men, by infbrin-
ing lliein that the Mocha fleet, wliicli was to set sail
shortly, would make their fortunes. Finding that none
of them made any objection, he ordered a boat out, well
manned, to go on the coast to make discoveries, coiii-
manding tliein to take a prisoner and bring him aboiird,
or procure intelligence by any other method. 'I'lie boat
returned in a few days, bringing him word that they saw
IburteiMi or fifteen sliijis ready to sail, some with Dutch
and others with Moorish Hags.
Kid must have determined to turn pirate in conse-
quence of his disappointments and apprehensions lest his
owners, on discovering his want of success, should dis-
miss him. Whatever his motives might have been, he
soon fell in with the fleet, and firing into a Moorish shi|i
the others bore down upon him, and obliged hiin to sheer
off; hut, having commenced hostilities, he soon captured
a small vessel, bclongitig to Moorish merchants, the mas.
ler of which was an KngUshman, named Parker ; Kid
fbrci^t him and a Portuguese, the only Europeans on
board, to join his crew, the first for pilot, and the other
as interpreter. He also u.se(l the men very cruelly,
causing tliein to bo hoisted up by their arms, and drubbed
with tt cutlass, in order to make them confess where their
money was concealed, but as they had ncillier gold nor
silver on board, he took nothing tVoni tlie vessel but a
little coffee and pepper.
'I'he news of this piracy soon spread, and a Portuguese
man-of-war was sent out in search of the new pirate ;
meeting with Kid, a savage battle was fought, in which
both ships were more or less injured, and our hero, find-
ing the enemy too strong for him to entertain the hope
of coming oft" conqueror, hoisted sail and made oft'.
.Meeting with better success soon after, Kid was seined
with a fit of penitence, entertaining fears that his eon-
duct would eventually bring him to the gallows ; after
ovei hauling a Dutch ship without committing any vio-
lence, his crew mutinied, and the dispute ended with his
laying one of liis men dead at his feet. His conscience
does not appear to have troubb'd him long. Coasting
along Malabar, ho met a great number of boats, all of"
wliicli he plundered, as well as a Portuguese ship, of
which he kept [lossession a week, and having extracted
some cases of India goods, thirty jars of butter, with
some wax, iron, and a hundred bags of rice, he let her go.
lianding on one of the .Malabar islands for wood and
water, his coojK'r was murdered by the natives, upon
which Kid burnt and pillaged several of their houses.
Having captured one of the islanders, he hung hiiii to a
tree, and comnianded one of his men to shoot him ; after
which, putting to sea, he captured a Moorish ship of 100
tons, richly laden. The share of each man, after the
cargo was sold, amounted to two hundred pounds, and
Kid's to eight thousand, .sterling. Putting some of his
men on board his prize, the two set sail for Madagascar,
where he fraternised with some noted pirates, supplying
tlieni with such articles as they stood in need of Find-
ing his galley no longer sea-worthy, he transferred his
(|iiarters to the recently cajiturcd ship, the "Qucda Mer-
chant," and was soon placed in a situation of great dis-
tress by the desertion of the ]M'incipal part of his crew, who
either absconded on shore or joined other captains; about
lorly only remaining with him. Touching at Amlmyna,
111 was inlbrmed that the news of his piracies had reached
England, and that he was there dei^lared a pirate, a mo.
tioii having !"■ i made in the Hou.se of Commons to
enquire into tin- conduct of the parties who had fitted
out the ex|)edilioii, and even for their expulsion from
their places; this however was rejected by a largo ma-
jority. Some of them were afterwards im|icached, but
ac()uitted, and Lord nellamont published a |iamplilet jus-
tifying himself from tlie aspersions cast upon his charac-
ter. A proclamation had been published, otFcring the
king's free pardon to all such pirates as should surrender
theiiiselves liefore the last day of April, 1()9U ; in this,
liiiwcver, Avery and Kid were excepted by name.
Wlicn Kid left Ainboyna, ho could have known nothing
of this exception, or he would not have liecn bo infatuated
as to have run himself into the meshes of his enemies.
Uelying ujion his infcrcst with Lord nellamont, and lie-
lieving that a French ptuis or two lie had found on board
some of the ships he had taken, would hush np the affair,
while his liooty would gain hiin new friends, he sailed
directly for New York, where he no sooner landed, than
the whole eoinpiiny was arrested by Lord H.'s orders,
together with their piijH'rs and effects. At first they were
admitted to bail, hut were afterwards put in strict con-
fineincnt, and finally sent to England lor trial.
At an admiralty sessions, held at the Old Uailey in
1701, ('aptaiii Kid, Nicholas Churcbill, James Howe,
Robert Luniley, William Jenkins, (iabriel Loft", Hugh
Parrot, Kichard Uailieoriie, Abel Owens, and Darby
.MiiUins, Vivrv arraigned for jiiraey and robliery on the
high seas, and all found guilty, except three, Lumley,
Jenkins, and Harlieorne, who, proving themselves under
indentures to sonic ollicers of the ship, were acquitted.
The others had availed themselves of the pardon and
surrendered.
Kid was also tried for murder and found guilty, though
he plead his own imioeenee and the villaiiy of his men,
declaring that he went out in a laudable employment ;
that the men often nmtinied, and did as they plea.scd;
that he was threatened to be shot in his cabin, and that
ninety-five left him at one time, and set fire to his lioat,
so that he was prevented from bringing his ship home,
or the prizes he took, to have them regularly condemned.
He called a witness to jirove his good charaiUcr and bra-
very, but the evidence against him liciiig full and par-
ticular, alxiut a week afterwards he and tiis eoinpaiiionH
were executed at Execution Dock, and afterwards hung
up in chains at some distance from each other, where
their bodies were exposed lor many years.
.Mr. Watson has jireserved the " Ballad of Captain
Kid, a great rarity in the present day, although the
[loiisive tones are still known to sonic." As a curiosity
in its way we here insert it; the tune was the saine as
that of the eccentric song, " Farewell, yc blooming
youth," &.C.
My name was Captain Kid,
When 1 sail'd, when I sail'd.
My name was l^aptain Kid,
And so wickedly 1 did,
(iod's laws I did forbid.
When I sail'd, when I sail'd.
I roain'd from sound to soiiiiil.
And many a ship I found.
And them I sunk or burn'd.
When I sail'd, when I sail'd.
I murdered William .Moore,
And laid him in his gore,
Not many leagues from shore.
When I sail'd, when I sail'd.
Farewell to young and old,
All jolly seamen liold ;
You're welcome to iiiy gold,
For I must die, I must die.
Farewell to Lunnon town,
The pretty girls all round;
No pardon can be found.
And I must die, 1 must die.
Farewell, for I must die,
Then to eternity.
In hideous misery,
I niu.st lie, I must lie.
The foregoing abridgements of tlie lives of two cele-
brated sea rovers, have been rendered as short as possible.
In the appendix lo his 4tli edition, Johnson expresses some
doubt as to tlie culpability of Governor Eden, but the let-
ter from his secretary, previously quoted, and other corro-
borating eircnnistanees, have left n suspicion upon his
character which will not easily be elfaccd. As this is a
curious piece of colonial history but rarely referred to,
we may add, that Dr. Williamson, author of the History
of South Carolina, appears to give full credit to the story,
stating, that " Eden's administration wm checiuered by
trouble, and clouded by disgrace, that lie might and
should have prevented — His conduct," ho continues,
" when viewed in the most favourable light, was very
imprudent, although his guilt was not fully established."
Another covernor, Robert Quarry, of South Carolino,
was degraded, in Ifitjl, for liartxiuring pirates, and the
cbaraoter of Flctchtt, the resident governor of New York
M
\--^
n
m
'.''■in
: |.,t.«
m
. I ' ', ij-i
aHi
'uit
f- if.
u.i':
I'll
i2n
MVEs ov HANDiTTi AM) Ronnr:us.
'.»*■'■;■.
■•U-
i •*]
Mi
iH'foro till' iippDinliiu'iit of Iionl Hi'll;iinoiit, whs also
stained willi tlic saiiir ri'pnuifh, linviii}; liccu stri)n{;ly
BiisiHTtrd nl* CDiilrdiraliii); \vil!i Kid and liis assmiatcs.
Whin that pirali; was s<'unrrd, it was discovered thai
Nicoll, a im'iidu'r iiriho jrovirmir's council, had received
hril>es for (LfraiitiiiL' prijteelions to pirates wlio Ireipirnted
the Sonnd. fiord llrllanioiit's council advised that
Kh'tchcr sliouhl l>e sent to Kn^hinil, to he tried for
piracy ; ami that Nicoll should he tried in the colony,
hut, accordinff to Smith's History of New York, their
nilvici^ was never carrieil into execution, prohahly owiu};
to a want of evidence ajraiiist tla^ parties.
cmXESK PIRATES.
The celestial empire, spite of the hoasled wisdom of its
governmiiit, and the virtue and order that have hecn
supimsed lo reijrn tliere for so many centuries, is no
more free from robbers tluin countries of less ancient
date and iulerior pretension. On the contrary, if wc ex-
cept India, no part of the world has, in our time, wit-
nessed such forniid:il)le and nmniTous associations of
freebooters. These C'hinese robbers w<'re pirates, and I
am disjio.sed to give a sk<'tcli of them and their adviui-
turcs, as a sirikinjj jitiidanl to tlie preceding chapter on
the Uuccaneers of America; luid this, because I am
not only in possession of ii most curious account of
the suppression or pacification of the rovers, translated
from tiie oriijinal Chinese, but of a corroboration written
hy an Dluirlislnuan, wlio was so unfort\mate as to fall
into their hands, and to sei^ his comrades (Knjriisli sailor.s)
obliged to lake part in their marauding and nuirderous
expeditions.
For the translation of i'luii Tszc's "History of the
Pirates who inlested the China Sea.from 181)7 to ISKI,"
wo are indebted to tliat excellent institution, the Oriental
Translation l'"und, and to tin; labours of the dislin;.niislied
Orientalist, .Mr. Cliirles Fried Neumann; and for the
Narrative (first published in Wilkinson's Travels to Chi-
nal of his captivity and treatjiient amongst the Ladrones,
(pirates,) to Rieliard (;iass])oole, Ks(|. of the Hon. East
India Company's service, a genllenvm who is still living.
I shall make out my aeeounf of the Chinese pirates from
either of lliese two authorities.
The I.ailrones, as they were christened by the Portn-
guese of .ATaeao, were originally a disalfected set of
Chinese, that revolted against the oppression of the ^lan-
diirijies. 'I'he tirst scene of their depredations was the
westt.-n coast, about Cochin-t'hina, wlicre they began by
attn 'l-iug small tradijig vessebt in row Imals, earr\ in'g
from thi'ty to forty men eaeli. Tiiey continued "this
system of piracy, and thrived and increased in numbers
under it for several years. At length the liime of their
KUccesses, and the oppression arui horrid poverty and
want tliat many of the lower order of Chinese laboured
under, had the clfeet of augmenling their bands with
astonishing rapidity. Fi<hernieji and other deslitule
classes Mocked by hundred.s to their standard, aiul their
audacity growing with their numliers, they not nierelv
swept the coast, but blockaded all the principal rivers,
and attacked and took several large government war
junks, mounting from ten to fdleen guns each.
These junks being added to their shoals of boats, the
pirates formed a tremendous licet, which was always
along shore, so that no small vi'ssel couhl safely trade on
the coast. When they lacked prey on the .sea, they laid
the land under tribute. 'J'iiey were at first accustomed
to go on shore and attack th(! maritime villages, but 1«!-
coming bolder, they, like the buccaneers, made long i[i.
land journeys, and surjiriscd and plundered oven large
towns.
An energetic attempt made by the Chinese government
to destroy them, only increased their strength; for in
their very fir.'it reneouider with the pirates, twenty-eight
of the impiTial junks struck, and the remaining twelve
saved themselves by a precipitate retri'at.
The captured junk.s, fully eipiippeil for war, were a
great accpiisition to the robbers, wliose numbers now in-
crea,sed more rapidly than ever. They weri' in their
plenitude of power in the year 180!), when !\[r. fllass-
|)oolc h.id the misfortune to fall into their hands, at which
tinu', that gentleman supposed their force to consist of
7I),I)0I) men, navigating eight hundred large vessels, and
one tliou.sand small ones, ineluning row boats. 'I'liey
were dividi'd into six large squ.adrons, under riifTcri'iit
flags : — the red, the yellow, the green, the blue, the black.
Olid the white. " 'I'lieso was])s of the ocean," ub the C;hi-
nese historian |x rlinently calls them, were further dis-
tinguished by the names ot' their res|K'cli\e eoiiunanders.
Of iIhsc (iinimanders a <ertain Cliiii^-i/i/i had Imcu the
most di>liTiguishi'd by his valour and ( ciiiduct. Hy de-
grees Chiiig obtained almost a supremacy of command
ov( r the whole united licit; and so conlichnt was this
robher in his streiiL'th and daily augmenting means, tliat
he aspiri'd lo the dignity of a great iKilitical <liartieter,
and Willi so far as o|Mn)y lo declare his jialriotie inten-
tion ol'liiirling the present Tartar f.imily Irom the throne
of China, and of re.'-toring the ancient native I'hiiiese
dynasty.
Hut mifortunalcly for this ambitious jiirate, " it hap-
|K'nrd that on tli<' scvenleenlh day of the tenth moon, in
the year of Kea-King," he |ierislied in a heavy gale, and
instead .if placing a sovereign on the Chinese throne, he
ami 111- lolly aspirations were buried in the sea of China.
.\iid iii-w conies the most remarkable passage in the his-
tory of these pii.ates — remarkable with any (lass of men,
hilt ilonbly so among tlie Chintse, who entertain more
than the general oriental opinion of the inferiority, or
nolhingness, of the lair sex.
On the death of (7iing-i,i7i, his legitimate wife had
sullicicnt intliience over the freebooters to induce them
to recognise her authority in the pi, ice of her deceased
husliand's; and she ap|)ointed one J'uuti as her lieutenant
and prime minister, and prnvided that she should bo con-
sidered the mistress or the commander in chief of the
united squadrons.
'J'his I'lioii bad Ik en a |ioor fisher Imy, picked up with
his father at sea, wliiU' fishing, by <'Uinn-i/i/i, wlio.se good
will and favour he had the fiirtune to captivate, and by
whom, before that pirate's death, he had been made a
headman or captain. The grave Chinese hi.storian does
not descend into such domestic particulars, hut wc may
presume, from her ap|Kiinting him to be her licnteiiant,
that I'uim had bcni ei|ually successful in securing the
good graces of Mistrrss Chin^, as the worthy translator
somewhat irreverently styles our Chinese heroine.
Instead of declining under the rule of a woman, the
pirates liecame more enterprising than ever. C'hing's
widow was clever as well as brave, and so was her lieu-
tenant I'aou. lietwecn them they drew up a code of
laws for the better regulation of their freeliooters.
That the pirates might never feel the want of provi-
sions and other supplies, it was orderid by Ching-vih's
widow, that every thing should be doni^ to gain the com-
mon country people to their interest. Wine, rice, and
all other goods were to be paid lor, as the villagers de-
livered them: capital punishnient was pronounced on
every pirate who should take any thing of this kind hv
lorce, or without payiiicr fiir it. And not only were
these laws well caleiilated liir their object, but the she
coimnandi'r in chief and her lieutenant J'unu were vigi-
lant in seeing tlieiii observed, and strict in every tran.s-
aeliim.
J!y these means an admirable discipline was main-
tained on hoard the ships, anil the jieasanlry on shore
never lit the pirates want lor giiniiowder, provisions, or
liny oilier neces.-:ary. On a piratical expedition, either to
iiilvance or to retreat without onler.s, was a capital otl'enee.
Under these philosnpliical institutions, and the guidance
of a woman, the rolibcrs contiimcd to scour the China sea,
plundering every vessel they came near; hut it is to 1h'
remarked, in their delicate phrascohigy, the robbing of a
ship's cargo w.xs iioi called by any such vulg.ir term — it
was merely styled "a transhipping of goods."
\fior some reverses the tarnished laurels of the
pirates were however brightened ; t'or when 'I'sueii-
now-Sun went to attack them in the bay of Kwangchow,
the widow of (^hing-yih, remaining quiet with part of
her ships, sent her boM lieutenant Paon to make an attack
on the front of the admiral's line. When the fight was
well begun, the rest of the pirate's slii|i3, that had been
lying jierditu, came upon the admir.-l's -ear, and pre-
sently surrounded him. "Then," « ;!i| he historian,
' our squadron was scattered, thrown into disorder, and
consequently cut to pieces : there was a noise which rent
the sky ; every man t'ought in liis own defence, and
scarcely a hundred remained together. The squad-
ron of the wife of (liing-yih over|)owcred us hy num.
hers ; our commander was not able to protect his lines,
they were broken, and we lost lourteen ships."
The next light iH'ing very characteristically described,
must be given entire in the words of our Chinese his.
torian.
"Our men of war escorting some incrchant ships, in
llic fourth moon of the same year, hap|)cned to meet the
pirate chief nicknamed, 'The jewel of all the crew,'
cruising at sea. Tiie traders became exceedingly fright,
cued, but our commander said : ' This not being the
flag of the widow Ching-yili, we are a iiiateli for tlirm;
therefore we will atlaek and conquer them.' 'I'hfn
ensiled a batlle; they iittaeked each other willi gniis
and stones, and many peopht were kided and \\OMit(kd.
Thi^ fighting ceased towards the evening, and Ixgan
again next morning. 'I'he pirates and the ine.i ni'
war W( re very close to each other, mid they iHiasfeil
mutiially about their slrenglh and valour. It was n
very hard fight; the sound of cannon, and the erics of
till' combatnnts, were heard .some /(* distant. 'I hr
traders remained at some distance; they s.iw the pirate*
mi.viiig gunpowder in their beverage, — they looked iii-
slanlly red about the fiiee and the eyes, and then fought
desperately. This lighting continued three days ami
nights incessantly; at last, beeoining tired m both sidis,
they separated."
'I'o understand Ibis inglorious bulletin, the reader must
remember that many of the combatants only handled
bows and arrows, and |Mdted stones, and that Chinese
|Miwder and guns are both exceedingly bad. 'J'lic bathos
of the conclusion does somewhat remind one of the
Irishman's despatch during the Ainerieaii war — " It
was a bloody battle while it lasted; anil the sergeant of
marines lost his cartonche.box."
The pirates continuing their depredations, plundered
and burned a mimber of towns anil villages on the coasi,
and carried oft" a number of prisoners of both sexes.
From one place alone, they carried off filly -three womi n.
.At length they separated : Mistress Cliing plundering
in one place ; Paou, in another ; O-po-tae, in another, iVe.
It was at this time that Mr. (ilass|>oolo had the ill f'or-
tnne to fall into their power. This gentleman, then an
olfieer in the Ea.st India Company's ship the Marquis of
Ely, which was anchored under an island about twelve
miles from Macao, was ordered to proceed to the latter
|ilace with a boat to procure a pilot. He lell the ship in
one of the cutters, wilh seven liritish seamen well armid,
on the 17tli September IBIKI. He reached Macao in
safety, and having finished his businiss there and procured
a pilot, returned towards the ship the following day.
Hut, unfortunately, the ship had weighed anchor and
w.as under sail, and in consequence of squally weather,
accompanied with thick fogs, the boat could not reach
her, and Mr. (ilasspoolc and his men and the pilot
were lell at sea, in an 0]xn bnat. "Our situation," savs
that gentleman, " was truly distressing — night closing
fast, with a threatening apiiearance, blowing fresh, with
hard rain and a heavy sea ; oiir boat very leaky, without
a compass, anchor, or provisions, and drilling fast on a
lee-shore, surrounded with dangerous rocks, and inhahiled
hy the most barbarous [lirales."
Aller snflering dreadfully for three whole days, Mr.
(ilissiinole, by the advice of the pilot, made for a narrow
ch.annel, where ho presently discovered three l.irge heals
at anchor, which, on seeing the English boat, w( iglii il
and made sail towards il. The ]iilot told Mr. (;iaFS|ioolc
they were Ladroncs, and that if they capliired the Imal,
they would certainly put them all to death ! Aller row-
ing tremendously for six hours they escaped these boats,
but on the following morning falling in with a large
fleet of the pirates, which the English mistook lor fish-
ing boats, they were captured.
"About twenty savage looking villains," says Mr.
(I'lasspoolc, "who were stowed at the bottom of a lioat,
leaped on board us. They were armed with a short
sword in either hand, one of which they laid iqion our
nc^cks, and iminted the other to our breasts, kiepiiig their
eyes fixed on their officer, wailing his signal to cut or
desist. Seeing wc were incaiiahle of making any re-
sistance, tlic officer sheathed his sword, and the others
immediately followed his example. They then dragged
us into their boat, and carried lis on board one of their
junks, with the most savage demnnslrations of joy, and,
as we snp|iosed, to torture and piU us to a cruel death."
When on hoar<l the junk they rifled the English men,
and brought heavy chains to chain them to the deck.
"At this time a boat came, and took me, with one of
my men and tl;c interpreter, on board the chief's vessel.
I was then taken before the chief. He was seafeil on
deck, in a large chair, dressed in purple silk, with a
black turban on. He apjK'arcd to be about thirty years
of age, a stout commanding looking man. He took me
by the coat, and drew me close to him; then questioned
the interpreter very strictly, asking him who we were,
and what was our business in that part of the country. I
told liim to say wc were Englishmen in distress, having
been four d.ays at sea without provisions, 'i'his he would
not credit, but said we were had men ; and that he would
I.c, n riiliirip mile. " I ronipiili' " "nyt Hull,
miles lu be aiioiit iwo nail a lialf I'.ujilisli,"
' fivH of ilrii
di
put us all
llie interpr
l'l»)ii tliis
England a
cliitf, and I
we had pie
C'.Kit were
brnnn rice,
catin noibi
oranges
crowded roi
giving us
hroUL'lit sw
signs that t
in pii CCS,
hundreds
before the
terpretcr ; h
■> hiiii, if he
J our ransom,
I .\rtcr vain
3 Cflasspoolc «
side and loot
" .MkuiI si
rii^ and a lit
siirns for us
miiiilw'rs of
tcroiit ves.scls
they Would
particularly
were new, an
I lid it on the
was taken aw
d.iy strip|Kd
tiirly in th
one o'clock th
of Lantow, w
.ac?;uaintance
luirdred ves.'^
lured a tew d.
crew of whic
morning, a fisi
tared an Eur<
Eiifrlish were i
" Oni' of till
and told me he
captain in sear
he had no lett
wiiii the chic;
opiiiin, and phr
was siiiiiuioncd
qiicsiioned us ii
lieviil we were
iViendly with ;
.■HViiity ihoiisai
up the ri»cr, li
.Alacao. I assi
Icrins, and iinli
Knglisli fleet v
.iltogetber incf
said if it were
hglit, or put us
lay letter to thi
tioned. He sai
li.ss than five di
wrote when firs
certain his rcj
dariii not negot
the head adiiiir
lieiiig captured.
till' Mandarins i
While the fl
who were left i
drones that wcr
rirtiinatelv csca
'• .Vt daylight
to aliovc five liu
procei'd on tliei
contributions on
I'l describe whal
having received
iiiiili r way lo
never visited h;
fir many monti
of negotiating fe
Ihi' only method
a lo.ss from the
nlkive twenty in
ami go in tlio ni
lioats should l(C
the Ladroncs, th
CIIINKSK rinATES.
127
llli tiir tlirlii;
llll'lll.' 'I'llftl
icr wiili J.M1I1S
mill woiiimIiiI.
i*j, nrui U-'j-iin
I tlii^ iiiiii III'
lIll'V l><la^^l|
ur. It wim n
il tlic crks i>t'
distant. 'I ]»•
law the pirattK
lirv looki'd il).
1(1 tlicii luuiflit
iri'i' ilays niiil
1 m both i-i(l« !!,
he render must
only hiiiidkd
\ that Chinese
I. The bathris
id one of I he
eau war — " It
the sergeant ol'
ons, plundered
;s on the eoasl,
of both 8C.VIS.
.'.three wonu n.
iig plundering,'
in another, \i'.
had the ill for-
Unian, then an
the Marquis of
id about twelve
ed to the hitler
lell the ship in
icn well arinc d,
'lied Macao in
re and |iroeiir( d
followinj; day-
ed anchor and
pially weather,
ould not reneli
and the pilot
situation," says
— iiilfht clo>ini;
iiig I'resh, with
leaky, witlinnt
illinji fast on a
and inhabited
liole (lays. Air.
for n narrow
r(e liirge In^als
boat, W( iiihdi
>Ir. <ilass[tf(olr
iircil llie lioat,
I ! Aller row.
led these Iwiatj;,
with a lar!;r
listook lor fisli-
lis," says Mr.
|toni of n boat,
with a short
[laid n|>oii our
,keepiii!j their
il to cut or
Ikiiifj any re-
Ind the others
[then drapffed
one of their
Va of joy, and,
1 cruel death."
Oiifflish men,
the deck.
with one ol'
I'liiefs vessel.
ras seated on
I silk, with a
thirty years
He took nie
bn questioned
rlio we were,
'oiintry. I
Itress, liavine
fhis he would
|iat he would
' five of ilrii
nut us all to (lealli ; and llirn ordered some men to put
the inlerpreter to the torture until he confessed the truth.
('■Kin this (x-ea.sioii, a Ladrone, who had Im'Cii once to
Ki'ijlaiid and spoke a few words of JOii(;lish, came- to the
chief, and told him we were really Kiijrlislmien, and that
we had plentv of luoiiey, addinff that the hutlons on my
r^i.t were g'M- 'I'he chief then oidercd us some coarse
brown riei", of .vhicli we made a tolerable mcnl, liavinj;
eat<n nolhinir for nearly four days, e.\cept a few jrreeii
oran"!'^. nurins; our repast, ,1 number of Ladrnnes
crowTled round us, exaiiiiniu}; our clothes ami hair, and
"ivinc us c»ery |M)ssible annoyance. Several of them
hroiiLdit swords, and laid I hem on our necks, makinj;
Fimis that they would soon take us on shore, and cut us
ill iiio'cs, wliieli I am sorry to say was tlii^ fate of some
liiiiiilnds durinjr my captivity. I was now sunimnned
before the chief, who had been eonversinjf with tlie in-
terpreter ; he said I must write to my captain, and tell
him, if hi- did not send an hundred thousand dollars for
our ransom, in ten d,iys he would put us all to death."
Arter vainly expostulating to lessen the ransom Mr.
Classpoiilc wrote the letter, and a small boat came along,
side and look us to Macao.
" Alxiul six o'clock in the evening tlicy gave «s acme
r'lrv and a little salt fish, which wc ntc, and they made
si<ms for us to lie down on the deck to sleep; but such
nnnihers of Ladrones were constantly coming from dif.
ferenl vessels to sec us, and examine our clothes and hair,
tliiv would not allow ns a moment's quiet. They were
particularly anxious fiir the buttons of my coat, which
were new, and as they supposed gold. I took it off, and
I lid it on the deck to avoid being disturbed by them ; it
was taken away in the night, and I saw it on the next
day stripiK-d of its buttons."
Rirlv in the night the licet sailed, and anchored about
one o'cliKk the following day in a bay under the island
of Laiitow, where the head admiral of Ladrones (our
arniiaintaiice Paou) was lying at anchor, with about two
hiirdri'd ves.^cls and a Portuguese brig they had_ cap-
lured a Ivvr d.iys liefore, and the captain and part of the
crew of which they had murdered. Early the next
morning, a tishing boat came to enquire if they had cap-
tured an European Ixiat : they came to the vessel the
Kiidisli were in.
" (Ine of the boatmen spoke a few words of English,
and Inld me he had a Iiadrone pass, tmd was sent by our
captain in search of us ; I was rather surprised to find
he had no letter. He appeared to be well acquainted
v.'iiii the chief, and remained in his cabin smoking
opiuiii, and playing cards all the day. In the evening 1
was siniiiiioiied with the interpreter licfore the chief. He
(|ii(slioneil us in a luiich milder tone, saying, he now be-
lieved we were Englishmen, a people he wished to be
t'rieailly with ; and that if our captain would lend him
HVinly thousand d.illars till he returned from hi.^ erui.sc
lip the river, he would repay him, and send us all to
.\Ineao. I assured him it was useless writing on those
terms, and unless our ransom wa.s s|X'edily settled, the
Kiijlish licet would sail, and render our enlargement
altogether ineffectual. He remained determined, and
«iid if it were not sent, he would keep us, and make us
tii;li!, or put us to death. I accordingly wrote, and gave
iiiv letter to the man lielonging to the boat before men-
tioned. He said he could not return with an answer in
lis? than five days. The chief now gave nic the letter I
wrote when first taken. I have nyver been able to as-
certain his reasons for detaining it, but suppose lie
dan-d not negotiate for our ransom without orders from
the head admiral, who I understood was sorry ut our
lieiiig captured. He said the English ships would join
tile Mandarins and attack them."
While the fleet lay here, one night the Portuguese
wlio were left in the captured brig murdered the La-
ilrnnes that were on hoard of her, cut the cables, and
rrrliinately escajK^d through the darkness of the night.
'■ At daylight the next morning, the fleet, amounting
lo aliove live hundred sail of different sizes, weighed, to
lirneceil on their intended cruise up the rivers, to levy
ivintributions on the towns and villages. It is impossible
t.. ill scrilK' what were my feelings at this critical time,
liiiviiig reanved no answers to my letters, and the fleet
iiiiili r way lo sail — hundreds of miles up a country
111 vor visited by Europeans, there to remain probably
fir many months, which would render all opimrtunltics
of negotiating for our enlargement totally incttcctual; as
the only method of communication is by boats that have
a \an from tlie Ladrones, and they dare not vcnturn
alkwe twenty miles from Macao, being obliged to come
and go in the niglit, to avoid the mandarins ; and if these
luats should lie detected in having any intercourse with
the Ladrones, they arc iinincdiatcly put to death, and all
llieir relations, though they had not joined ill the f rime,"
share in the punishment, in order that not a siiigh' |ht-
soii of till ir I'liiiiiliesshnuhlbelertto imitate their crimes
nr riveiiL'e their dea'h."
The liilliiwiiig is a very trmchiiig incident in Mr.
(ilassiMiole's narrative.
" Wednesday the dlilh of Septemlier, at daylight, we
passed in sight of our own ships, at nnelior iiiidir the
island of f'huii I'o. The iliief then called me, pointed to
tli(^ ships, and told the inlerpreter to tell ns lo look al
lliem, tor we should never see I hem again ! About iionn
wc enlered a river to the westward of the Itogue, three
or four mills from the entrance. We passed a large
town siliiatc on the side of a iK'anliriil hill, which is
tributary to the Ladrones ; the inhabitants saluted llieiii
with songs as they passed."
After cominitling iiuiiieroiis roblieries, sacking towns,
hiuring vessels and carrying oft' women, &c. .Mr. (J.
says:—
"Or. the 28tli of October, I received a letter from
Captain Kay, brought by a fisherman, who had told him
ho won!il get us all back for three thousand dollars.
He advised mo to ofter three thousand, and if not ac.
ccptod, extend it to four ; but not farther, as it was bad
policy to ofl'cr niucli at first : at the same time assuring
mo wo should be liberiled, let the ransom bo what il
would. 1 nll'ered the chief the three thousand, which
ho disdainfully refused, saying he was not to be played
with ; and unless they sent ten thousand dollars, and
two large guns, with several casks of gunpowder, he
would soon put us all to (Icalh. I wrote lo Captain
Kay, and informed him of the chiefs determination,
requesting, if an opportunity offered, to send us a shift
of clothes, for which it may be easily imagined we were
much distressed, having been seven weeks without a
change; although constantly cx]io.sed to tho wcalher,
and of course frequently wet.
"On the first of November, the fleet sailed up a narrow
river, and anchored at night within two miles of a town
called Little Whaiiipoa. In freiitof it was a small fort,
and several mandarin vessels lying in the harbour. The
chief sent the inlerpreler to me, saying, 1 must order
my men to make cartridges and clean their muskets,
ready to go on shore in the iiiorning. 1 assured the
interpreter I should give the men no such orders, that
they must please them.selves. Soon after tho chief
came on board, threatening tn put us all lo a cruel dealli
if we refused to obey his orders. Tor my own part 1
remained determined, and advised the men not to coin-
ply, as I thought by making ourselves useful wo should
be accounted loo valuable. A lew hours afterwards he
sent to me again, saying, that if my.self and llie quarter-
master would assist tlieiii at the great guns, that if al.so
the rest of the lueti went on shore and succeeded in
taking llio place, Im would then take the money offcrei:
for our ransom, and give them twenty dollars for every
Chinauiairs head fliey cutolT. Tothe.se proposals we
cheerlully ain iled, in hopes of lacilitaling our de.
livcranco."
Preferring tho killing of Chinese to the living wiili
pirates, our Knglish tars therefore landed next day with
about three thousand ruflians. Oiico in the fight, they
seem to have duie their work con amore .' and to have
battled it as if they had been pirates themselves. Our
friend, the Chinese historian, indeed, nientionsa foreigner
engaged in batllo and doing great execution with a
little musket, and sets him down, naturally enough, as
"a foreign pirate 1"
After recapitulating several battles which he witnessed,
Mr. (.ilasspnole continues — "On the 2d of DccemlK'r I
received a letter from Lieutenant JIaughn, eomniander
of the Ilonniirable Company's crui.ser the Anteloix', say-
ing that he had the ransom on hoard, and had liccn three
days cruising after us, and wished me to settle with the
chief on the securest method of delivering it. The chief
agreed to send us in a small guiiboot till we came within
sight of the Antelope; then the compradore's boat was to
bring the ransom and receive us. I was so agitated at
receiving this joyfiil news, that it wa.s with considerable
ditliculty I could scrawl aliout two or three lines to in-
form Jiieiitenant Mauglin of the arrangements I had
made. Wc wvn^ all so deeply affected by the gratifying
tidings, that we seldom closed our eyes, but continued
watching day and night for the boat.
" On the tith, she returned with Lieutenant Maughn's
answer, saying, he would res[)cct any single boat ; but
would not allow the fleet to approach him. The chief
* Tliai till' wlinin fiiniily mii.<t snillr fur the crimo of one iiiili
vliliinl, sveniii In lin ilic uiun cruol and fiiolish law of lh< wliuln
I'iiinetii' I nnilnul coili'.
then, according to his first proposal, orderi d a gunboat
111 take us, and with no small ili'i;rre of plrasiMe we left
the Lailrnne lliil i:binit foul- u'cliiik in llie nllirin fii. At
one I'. .\1. saw llir AiililM]ie unili r all sail, slaniling In-
wards lis. The Lailroiie linal iiiiinriliali iy aiiihicriii, and
ilrspalelii d t' r eoinjirailiirc's bnal for Ijii- laiiMHii, saying,
that if she approaehed iiiarer, ihey wniild ri turn tu liie
licet i and they were just w(i(;irnig win ii she shiirli'iicil
sail, and anilinred alimit two iiiili' iVom us. 'I'he boat
dill not re.icli her till late in the aftiriiiiini, owing to ll.e
tide's iH'iiig strong against her. She ricrivrd the ransniii.
and left the Alitelnpe just before dark. .\ i.iaiularin Imat
that had been lying emieealeil iiniler the land, and
walehiiiir their maiueuvres, gave ehace t" her, and was
within a I'rw tathonis of taking her, when she saw »
light, wliieli the Ladrones answered, and the inatidariii
hauled otr. Our situation was now a most eritieal one;
the ransiim was in the hands of the Lailroms, and the
eoiiiprailore dared not riturn with us for liar of a siioiiil
attack from tin' iiiaiiilariii boat. 'I'he I .•nni's would
not remain till morning, so we were ohligid to riliirn
with them lo the fleet. In the morning the chief in-
spected the rniisom, which consisted of the follow iiig
articles: two bales of superfine scarlet cloth; two chests
of opium; two casks of gimpowilir; and a Iclesenpe; thir
rest in dollars. He objeeted to the telescope nut being
new; and said he should detain one of ns till iinothir was
sent, or a hundred dollars in lieu of it. The cnmpradore,
however, agreed with him for the hundred ihdlars. Every
thing being at length settled, the chief ordered two gun-
boats to convey ns near the -■Viitelope ; we snw her just
111 fore dusk, when the Ladrone boats h'ft us. We hail
the inexpressible pleasure of arriving on bnaril the Ante-
lope at seven P. M., where we were must em illy re-
ceived, and heartily coiigratul.atcd on the safi' niid happy
deliverance from a miserable captivity, which we had
endured for eleven weeks and three days.
(Signed) KiniAiii) Olasspooi.k.
" China, December Htli, 181)0."
The following notes added to Mr. (ilasspimli's very
interesting aecoiuit o. these Eastern piniles, will show
how ill he fared during his delintion anioiig tin in, and
that with all their impunity of phimlering^ their lives
were but wretched and licaKtly.
" 'I'he Ladrones have no settled residence on shore,
but live cmistantly in their ves.sels. The after part is ap-
propriated to the captain and his wives ; he generally has
five or six. With respect to cuiijugal rights they are
religiously strict; no person is allowed to have a woman
on lioard, unless m.irrieil t« her acei.iiling to their laws.
Every man is allowed a small berth, about tinir tiet
square, where he htows with liis will-' and liiiiiily. I'roiii
the nimiliir of souls erowiled in so small a space, it must
naturally be siqqsised they arc horribly dirty, wliieli is
evidently tile case, and their vc.s.sels swarm with all kinds
of vermin. Hats in p.irlieular, which they encourage to
breed, and eat tlieiii as great delicacies;* ill fact, llicn-
are very few crealnres tlii^y will not eat. Ihiring our
captivity we lived three weeks on caterpillars bnilid with
rice. 'I'hey are much addicted lo gambling, and spend
all their leisure hours at cards and smoking opium."
At the lime of Mr. Oliusspoole's lilieialion, the pirates
were at the height of their power; after such repealed
victories over the mandarin ships, they had set at nought
the Ini(»;rial allies — the Portuguise, and not only the
coast, but llie rivers of the celestial empire seeiiud to bo
at their discretion — and yet their I'orniidable assiieialion
did not maiiy months survive this event. It was not,
however, deltat, that reduced it to the obedience of the
laws. On the contrary, that extraordinary woman, the
widow of Ching.yih, and the daring Paou, were victo-
rious and more powerfiil than ever, when dissensiouH
broke out among the pirates Ihcmsclves. Ever since tho
favour of the chieflainess had elevated Paou to the gene-
ral command, there had been enmity and altercatioiiH
Ix'tween him and the chief O-po-tae, who comniandcil
one of the flags or divisions of tlie fleet; and it .vas only
by the deference and respect they both owi vl to Cliiiig-
yih's widow, that tliey had Ik'cu pr<'vented from turning
tlieir arms against each other long before.
At length, when tlie brave Paou wa.s surprised and
eoo|ied up by a strong blockading force of the emperor's
ships, O-jio-tao showed all his deadly spite, and refused
to obey the orders of Paou, and even of the cliieftaiiie.s.s,
which were, that he should sail to the relief of his rival.
Paou, with his bravery and usual good fortune, broke
through the blockade, but when he came in contact with
0-|)o.tae, his rage was too violent to bo restrained.
* 'I'lic Chinese in Canton only rni a iinriieular nrrtol'ial, ivlii' li
U very large and uf n wliuiuli colour.
' ••' J
' • '•/!
I ,' ..'1
: ''I '.'vii^
■i . ' ■ ,ll"..l'.^
.,"1
'3
'•-.J^x
F m
128
LIVES OF UANUITTI AND ROBBERS.
mk
, {•
0-|io-lae at first pli^iidod that his mciins aiul stronfitli
Imil Ihuii iiisulHcieut to ilo what had been cxi^'ctcd of
him, but coiiuhulod by sayiiiij;, — " Am I bi)mid to come
and j<ih> the forces of raou ?"
" WouUl you then separate from us?" cried I'aou, more
cnrajTcd th'in ever.
()-j)0-tae answered ; " I will not separate myself."
I'aon: — " Why then do you not nlu'y the orders of tlie
wife of C'hiug-yih and my own ? What is this else than
separation, Hint you do not eonio to assist me, when I am
surrounded by the enemy ! 1 have sworn it that I will
destroy lliee, wic^ked man, that 1 may do away with this
soreness on my back."
The angry words of I'aou were followed by others, and
then by blows. I'aou, thouj^h at the moment far inferior
ill force, first bewail the liirjit, and ultimately sustained a
sanjjuinary defeat and the loss of sixteen vessels. Our
loalliin;r for this cruel, detestable race, must be increa.sed
by the tact, that the vietors massacred all the prisoiier.s —
or three hundred men.
'I'liis WHS the death blow to the confederacy which had
so long defied the ein(K'ror's power, anil whicli might
have etiected his detlironement. IKpctae dreading tlie
vengeance of Puou and liis mistress, t^hing-yih's widow,
whose united forces would have quintupled his own,
gained over liis men to liis views, and protfercd u sub-
inission to govermnent, on condition of tree pardon, and
a pro|>er provision fur all.
The goverimiciit that had made so many lamentable
displays of its weakness, was glad to make an unreal
(larade of its mercy. It was but too happy to grant all^
the conditions instantly, and, in the fulsome language of
its historians, " feeling that compoMsion is the way of
heaven — that it is the right way to govern by righteous-
iiess — it therefore rcdwmed these pirates from destruc-
tion, and iKirdoned their former crimes."
O-jMi-tae, however, had hardly struck his free Hag, and
the pirates were hardly in the power of the (^hiuese,
when it was pro|>osed by many that tliey should all bi:
treaelierously murdered. The governor hap|M.iied to be
more honourable and humane, or probably, only more
politic than those who made this foul pro|X)sal — lie knew
llial such a bloody breach of faith would for ever prevent
the pirates still in arms from voluntarily submitting; he
knew e(pially well, even weakened as they were by 0-|K)-
lae's deteetinn, that the government could not reduce
llicMu by loree, and lie thought by keeping his tiiith with
them, he might turn the force of those who had submitted
against those who still held out, and so destroy the pirates
with the pirates. Coiiseipiently the eight thousand men,
it had been proposed to I'lit oH" in cold blo<«l, were allowed
to ri'inain uninjured, and their leader, l>-|)o-tae, having
chaii^'ed his name to that of lleo Hecii, or " 'I'he Lustre
of Instruction," was elevated to the rank of an imiKTiul
ollicer.
The widow of riiing-yili, and her favourite I'aou, con-
tinued fur some months to pillage the coast, and to beat
tbi- Chinese and mandarins' troops and ships, and seeineil
almost as strong as belore the separation of O-po-tuc's
Hng. Hut that example was probably operating in the
iiiIimN <if many of the outlaws, and linally the lawhss
heroine herself, who was the spirit that ki'pt the compli-
eale body together, seeing that O-po-tae had been made
a government oHicer, and that he eonlimied to prosper,
Ix'gaii also to tliiiiU of making her submission.
" I am," said she, " ton times stronger than (l-po-tae,
and government will perhaps, if I submit, act towards
me as they have done with I (po.tae."
A rumour of her intentions having readied shore, the
mandarins sent oil" a certain chow, n doctor of .Macao,
" who," says the historian, " Is^ing already well anpiaint.
ed with the pirates, did not need liny iiitroduclion," te
enter on preliminaries with them.
When the worthy practitioner presented himself tc
Paon, that friend concluded he had Im-cii cominilting
some crime, ami had come fiir safety to that general ir-
fiiiiiiim nrcratoriim, the pirate licet.
The doctor expla.iied, and assured thi' chief, that if In
would submit, govermuent was inclined to In'nl hlin and
Ills far more favourably and more houonrably than O-imi-
Ine. Hut If ho continued to resi«t, not only a peiiernl
urnilng of nil the coast and the rivers, but <).|)o-tae was
to proceed against liiiii.
At this part of his narrntivo our rhlnrwi liiitorlan is
Again so curious, thnt I shall ipiotu hit words at length.
"When Fel.liemig.Chow eninc to I'nim, he snul
' I'Vieiiil I'aou, do you know why I come to you I'
" I'aou.—' Thoii linsl roinmilli'U Bomo criiuo oud
eomesl to me for protect iim V
"Chow. — ' lly no means.'
« I'aou. — ' Yuu will tln-ii kiiow, kuw il ttanda concern-
ing the report about our submissiun, if it is true or false V
" Chow. — ' You ari! again wrong here, sir. What are
you in comparison with O-jio-tae /'
■ Puou. — ' \Vho is bold enough to comimrc me with
O-po-tJic ?'
' Chow. — ' I know very well that 0-|)o.tae could not
come up to you, sir ; but 1 mean only, that simx' t)-po-
tae has made his submission, since he lia» got his pardon
and bi."cn created a government olficer, — how would It
Ik-, If you with your whole crew should also submit, and
If his excclli'ncy should desire to treat you in the same
manner, and to give you t!ie same rank as ()-|H).tac .'
Your submission would produce more joy to government
than the submission of l>-|Hj-tae. You should not wait
tor wisdom to act wisely; you should make up your
mind to submit to the government with all your follow-
ers. I will assist you in every resiwct, it would be the
means of seimring your own happiness luid the lives of all
your adherents."
" ('haiig-paou remained like a statue without motion,
and Fel-heung Chow went on to say : ' You should think
about this atlair in time, and not stay till the last mo-
incut. Is it not clear that ().|)o-tae, since you could
not agree together, has joined government ? lie iK'ing
enraged against you, will tight, united with the forces of
tlie govermnent, for your destruction; and wlio could
helji you, so that you might overeoine your enemies.' If
0-|K)-tae could before vanquish you quite alone, liow
much more can he now when he is united with govcrii-
inent ? O-po-tac will tlicn satisfy his hatred against you,
and you yourself will soon lie taken either at Wei-chow
or at Neuou-cliow, If the merchant vessels of Hwy-chanu,
the boats of Kwang-chow, and all the fishing vessels,
unite together to surround and attack you in tlie o|H'n
sea, you will certainly have enough to do. Hut even
supposing they shoulil not attack you, you will soon feel
the want of provisions to sustain you and all your fol-
lowers. It is always wisdom to provide Ixforc things
liap|)oii ; stupidity and folly never think ulmut liiturc
events. It is too late to rellect uihui events when things
have happened ; you should, therefore, consider this mat-
ter in time I"
I'aou, iifler iH'ing closeted for some time with his mis-
tress, C'hlng-yih's widow, who gave lier high |K'rinlssioii
for him to niuke arrangements with Doctor Chow, said
he would repair with his fleet to tlie Hocea Tigris, and
there eominuiiicute iicrsonally with the organs of govern-
ment.
.\rter two visits had liee<i paid to the pirate fleets by
two Inferior mandarins, who carried the iiii|M'rial proehi-
ination of free pardmi, and who, at the order of Cliing.
yili's widow, were liiated to a sinnptuoiis banquet by
Puou, the govemor-geucral of the province went lilmself
in one vessel to the pirates' ships, that occupied u line of
ten Ir, oft' the niontli of the river.
.\s the governor approjiehed, the pirates hoisted their
llag.s, pla . on their lustruinents, and tired their guns,
so that the smoke rose In clouds, and then iH'iit sail to
meet him. On this the dense population that were
ranged thousands iiller Ihoiisands along the shore, to
witness the Important reconciliation, beeame sorely
alarmed, and the governor-general seems to have had a
strong inellnatioii to run away, lint in brief space of
lime, the long dreaded widow of Ching-ylh, supported
by her lienteuaiit I'aou, and followed by three otlier of
her prineipal eommanders, mounted the hIiIc of the
governor's ship, luid rushed through tin' smoke to the
s|K)t where his excelleiiey was stationed; where they fell
on their hands and knees, slieil tears, knocki d their
heads on the ihek before him, and received his grai ions
pardon, and promises for liilnre kind treatment. They
then withdrew salisfieil, having promised to give in a list
of tlieir shl|w, and of all else they possessed, wllliin three
davs.
Itut the sudden apparition of some large Portuguese
ships, and some government war junks, made the pirates
suspect treachery. They Immeiliately set sail, and the
negotiations were interrnnted for several days.
They were at last concluded by the IsililneHs of their
female li'oder. " If the governor general," snid this he.
roine, " a man of the highest rank, eould conic to us
quite nione, why should not I, a menu woman, go to thi
offu'ers of government / If there Ih' danger in If, I take it
all on myself; no persiKi among you need trouble lilm-
self aliout nil — my iiiiiul is inndi' up, niid I will go to
Canton I"
I'aou said — " If the widow of Ching.ylli goes, we must
fix n time for her return. If this pass without our olitain-
liig eerliiin Inliirmation, we inusl collect all our forces,
and go More i 'anion ; this is my opinion n« in what
oiif ill (u l>v duiio I coinrnUfs, lei inc hear yours P'
The pirates then, struck with the Intrepidity of i||,jr
chleftaiiiess, and loving her more than rver, aiisHend
" Friend Paou, we have heard thy opinion, but we tliiul-
it belter to wait I'or the news here, on the water, than t,,
.send the wife of t'lilng.yili alone to be killed." N,,,
would they allow her to leave the fleet.
.Matters were in this slate ot'indeelsion, when tbelwn
inferior inanduriiis who had Is't'ore vlsitid the piruiiF.
ventured out to repeat their visit. These otlicers pn,.
tested no treachery had been liitcudeil, and plnlfdl
themselves, that if the widow of Ching-yih would rrpiiii
to the governor, she would be kindly received, and im rv
tiling settled to their hearts' satisfaetloii.
Witli this, in the language of our old ballads, up>puki
-Mistress Clilng. "You say will, gentlemen I and I win
go myself to (Canton with some other of our ladies, i;r.
compunled by you 1" And accordingly, she and a nnniln r
of the pirates' wives with their eliild'ren, went tcarlesi.|i
to Canton, arranged every thing, and found they hail ni.i
litrn deceived. 'I'he fleet soon followed. ( In its arrival
every vessel was supplied with pork and with wine, ami
every man (in lieu, il may be supposed, of his share i>i
the vessels, and plundered pro|)crly he reslgntd) rceeivul
ut the same time a bill for a certain quantity of nioiu y.
Those who wished it, could join the military lbr<e in'
govermnent for pursuing the remulning pirates; ami
those who objected, dispersed and withdrew in the eoiiii.
try. " This is tlie manner in which the great red squ.ni)
roll of the pirates was paellied."
'i'he valiant Puou, following the example uf liis riv:il
O-jio-tae, entered into tlie service of goviTnment, aial
proceeded against such of his former associates ami
friends us would not accept the pardon oH'ered tliein
Tlicre was some hard fighting, but the two rtnegadius
successively took the chief Sliili Url, forced tlie rcdoulii.
able caiitiiiu, styled " The Scourge of the Eastern ocean,"
to surrender himseir, drove " Frog's Meal," aiiollur
dreadfiil pirate, to .Alanllla, and finally, and within a fi«
monflis, destroyed or dissipated the " wasps of the occin'
altog\'tlur.
'From that period," sailh our Chinese hislorlaii, ii
conclusion, " ships began to pass and repass in traiupiil.
lity. All beeame quiet on the rivers, ami trnmpiil on tJi<
four seas. People lived In peace and plenty. 'I'he emin
try began to assume a new oppeiiranec. Men sold tin ir
arms and bought oxen to plough their fields; they biiriiu!
saeriliees, said prayers on the tops of the bills, and n
jolced themselves by singing behind serecus during diiy
lime" — and, (grand ellinax to all I) the governor ol' ll,i
province. In eonsideration of his valuable serviies in tin
pai'ilicatioii of the pirates, was aUowed by an edict ol'tli.
" Sou of Heaven," to wear [icacocks' Icalliers with Ww
■yes !
M.VHY UKAD ANI> AN.N'F IIONNKV.
Two leinale pirates named .Mary Kead and Anne lli>ii
■ley being freipicntly mentioned incldeiitully by hlMi
rians, tlie following particulars of them may be uiirlii
preserving. The first, Mary Read, was an nllieer's wiilim,
who ahsumed the dress of a man, and sliipp<'d as a sailor.
but the ves.sel iH'liig captured by the pirates who linilid
from the island of I rovidenee, she reiiialned among Ihi in,
and was as lawless and savage as any of their niniil'ii
On her trial it was declared by her eompaulinis, that in
time of action, no person oii board was more resoliili,i>i
riady to lHiaril,iir to undertake anything that wuslia/unl
oils, than she and Anne Itimiuy ; that on one oieio-imi,
will n they were altaeki d iind captured, none kept tin
dei'k eveept these two women and a single sailor. 'I'luv
called to tho.se below, to eoine up and light like nn ii; hiil
linding thev did not obey, .Mary Itiaid fired her ariiis ileuii
the hold, killed one of the crew and wounded kimimI
others. This charge she denied, tliongh it would stisi
she was not dcfieicnt In bravery, liir on one oeeiisinn kIh
challenged one of the pirates and liiiighthim on slii.ri' li>i
some olVeiiec to her lover.
Johnson relutesn curious aneediile of these twofi iiiali i;
so ciimpUiely was Mary Kead disgiilseil by hi r dreis, iIniI
sailing in eompaiiy wllli .\niie Ikiimcy, the luller mlii
iiltv tell in love with her.
Mary was tried and found guilty liy llio lOiiglisli coiirli,
but died of a fever in prison.
Anne Iluimey's historv as reluleil liy Johnson, eiitillii
lier toa place liilhc uiinals of the most iiilamoiis olhirn'
Shu went to sea with the piratical Captain Jiuekman.iiinl
Isire liiiii eiini|Niiiy In imiiiy of his ex|N'dilloiin, no IhhIi
on Ismrd Isiiig more eourageims, or ready to hud u hniiil
in |H'r|M'tratliig tlie darkest deeds of hloisl. Il ap|H'iiri
she was reprieved rroiii time to time atler eonvlclioii, iiiul
was not executed, though what iH'caine of her is imi
known.
S..i.' Al'it
si; .MI
DUiii:
Pnfac
The follo'
London last
IJMiiglilandc
ccllenceof th
Italian. Wi
llir some tiin
|i:issioiiate oil
praise is due,
sonic wholesi
marks on re
|Kised to cavil
this instance,
lioiiiiils of dial
c'(l( how far h
ti) the Knglikli
(liusopiie, V'
[Kiges, is not al
111 the year Isi
nish revohitioi
jKililical event^
iiiiiiitli ; and in
narrative of a I
had lied his owi
the coiisequenci
siu'cessliil Piedi
iiistanee, t.ikcn
iiijiirious to his
u more congenl
iiieled by friend
|iali!ie cliaractci
tiTiiis a seiroiid
lias, we believe,
kaa married a
llrigliton.
The observati
nader will oiler
(•(mtrast they pr
I'viT opinion ma
tliliikiiig, il cam
lor lii..isell'. Tl
rale of all his
iinil oiiiissions n
nilil a few notes,
into error, but It
jiiir'^iii il, tliu w
Liai;iii<'iited than
»arli as the read
nil danger of Im'
llial in Fiigland
rliildreii ever er;
lliniw no light oi
:>ii iii'-ighl, the I
iiiln the Italian.
Iii'iliition, to cor:
iiriniiiil (d' the N
I'liriiiH IIS that liff
triiiie of n/figra
l'liii,'liNh eipilvale
Uiil |iri'vioiisly a<
W.IK visited with
ui' linve, oil our i
liiirie n/rii/ifH'.
With these fe
('"lint I'ecehin, il
I'l' lii< I'.nglisli re
emm3i®» ®E3E(pwm.ii.!^a:,iPr^ ^^"^mjkm-T^
.
rcjiidity of il,(it
I rver, aiiKwirnl,
on, liiit wc tliiiili
111- wutir, than i»
be kilUd." Ni,r
1)11, vvlirn till' Uvi.
■ittd the piniliF.
K'SC otlM'tTH |ini.
c'd, niul |ilr<i)Ti,|
.yili would n puii
L'livt'd, niid ivcry
1.
1 balliid?, npspiiki
I'liu'ii 1 and 1 wil!
of our ladies, (,r,
nIk' and a iiuuiIk r
n, wtnt fiarli s>i\
lund tlicy liuil ik.i
1. On ila arrival
d wilh winr, ainl
1, of his Kliarc v\
resifjntd) rcccivid
mntity of mom y.
military foriu m'
unu pirutrR ; nuil
drew in tlu' louii
10 great red «<(un(l
ni|ilc of liis rivnl
Kovtrnuii'id, ami
rr aRKOoiati'8 ami
jnii otluri'd tliiiji
i- two r«nc(;ad(Ms
urced tlie rfdn\ili|.
10 Eastern ocean,"
H Muni," anolliir
, und within a I' n
lasps of the oee.in'
ineie historian, iii
repaeR in trani|uii
md trnni|uil on iJu
plenty. The cmin
e. Men sold lln ir
fields; they burnul
' the hills, and n
rerus during day
le jrovernor of ll,r
Ide serviei's in llic
liy an edict of tin
ifealhers wilh Iw.
lllONNF.V.
id and Aniie Ili'ii
|diiilully hy l.i'l'
III may he wnrlii
111 iillieer's widiiH,
iliip|x d as a sailor.
pirates who hnilcil
lined ainnn^; tin iii.
of their niiinlH i
npanioiis, tliiit in
iimre lesuhit* .i-i
w tliat wushu/aiil
on one oeeiir<inii,
'd, none kept lli'
i((le sailer. 'I'licy
jlfht like nun; Iml
red her urnmdiiwii
wiiunded scMTiil
ll it wiiulil seeli
one oeeasioii nIk
It him oil shore lilt
liemi tworeinulea;
I hy III r droi.lliul
I', the lullvr iiitii
lie lOiigliaheoiirU,
I Jnliniion, eiititlii
lliiinons iifhiTni'v
pill l<iiekiiiun,iiiiii
editioiiK, no Isidi
Lly to h'lid a liiiinl
lloisl. It apisnri
(r eonvielioii, iiii>l
of llIT i« lU'l
vol.. I.
rillLAUKM'IIIA, M AIMII Vi, IKW.
.\(>. !>.
I'
I'kintkh and ProusiiKn iiv AKA.M WALHH".. Nii. (i, Noitrii lliitniii SiUKi.r, l*iui.Mu:MMt(v — At S^ l"<'r W niiinlnTf^, |iay.ilt!i' in Jiil\;nu-i
K, Jt *l. H. wool*. riUNTKHM AMI I'm t.imiEltS, New VnilK. i
S.il«' Am'iiis iiHtl I'ultlitihiTrt Inr ilir siair nr" Xrw V'tirk niul nil tin- \.'\v Kniilniiil !:mir!«. \
l'lli:o\l\ \. \v'iliH» Ac n> Iti«nK-.i:[.t.ms, I!m.iim.iuk,
A'J'MHs r.ir till' >tali> Ml M:irvt:tnil. Viii;iiii:i, iuiii t).ii.., ;iii I rln-niy nl" \ow Orlt'in*.
SKMI-SI.UIOUS DIISKKVATIONS
np AN,
Htnlinn ^jcCU,
DUlilMJ HIS nK.sIDENCE IX KNOLAKD.
nV COUNT PECCIIIO.
Preface to the first American Edition.
Tlu' following observations on England, issued in
I.iiiidoii 1.1^' January, remarkable for their originality of
tli,iii"lit ni'ilcxpresaion, as well as for the acknowledged ex-
cellence of tlu'ir portraiture, arc from the pen of u learned
Italian. We have not read a more agreeable new btKik
lor some time; the ramarks are those of a sensible dis-
passionate observer, who is content to eulogise where
praise is due, but who nevertheless treats his hosts with
Koiiie wholesome easligution. Notwithstanding the re-
marks on religious sects, at wliieli a Cvvi may feel dis-
iKised to cavil, the aullior has evidently endeavoured in
this instance, as in others, to confine himself within the
lioiinds of charity and good taste ; our readers must de-
c'lli how fur he has succeeded. Tlio " Advertisomciit"
to the Englifcli trauslatioii says: —
(Jiusepiie, O unt I'ecchio, the author of the following
luiti's, is not altogether unknown to the English piildie.
In the vear 1623 lie published some lellers on the .Spa-
nish revolution; in lM:il, a journal of military and
IHilitieal events in Spain during tlio preceding twelve-
iiimilli ; and in W'i^ (in the New Monthly Magazine) a
nnrralivo of a tour in Cireec'e. A few years lH'l(>re lie
had lied his own country — the north of Italy — to esc.npe
llio coiiscqueiicos of the share he liiid taken in the mi-
successful I'iedinoatesc revolution. He had, in the first
instance, taken refuge in England, but the eliiiiate being
injurious to his health, he conceived the hope of finding
u more congenial residence in Spain, where he was eoii-
lieclcdby friendship with soineol lin iii.i.t distinguished
pulilie characters ; — his expulsion from that country he
terms a second exile. Since his return from (Jreeee he
has, we believe, uninterruptedly conlimied in England,
\a% married an English lady, and now resides nt
Itriglilon.
'riie observationi contained in the voluino licfiirc the
render will ollen lie found particularly striking, from the
cdiilrasi they present to those of other travellers, Wliat-
cuT opinion may lie formed of Count I'eeehio's in(«le of
lliiiikiiig, i( cannot at any rate ki dejiied tlmt he thinks
r.ir lii,.iscll'. This translation presents a eomplelo dupli-
1 ale of all his statemeiils and opinions ; (hulls, emirs,
mill is»ions not excepted. Il was at firi-t intended to
mill a few notes, iMiinliiig out where the count hud liillen
iiilii error, but it was hihiii found that '\l this plim were
wirstied, llie Work would have been, (H-rliaps, more
aii({inciiled than improved. Miwt of his miatakes lu-e
mill as the reader will, with n smile, correct ; we are in
nn danger of Isdieving, on Count IVecliio's authority,
llial ill r.iigla'ul 111' 'he hoys can ride, and none of tlie
diililrcn ever cry. IJesides, his slips, though they may
llirnw no light on English eharuelcr, very ollcn give us
ail iii~iglil, the more valuable from being iiiieiiiiseioiis,
mill llie Italian. We have however, ventured with some
lusila!ion,lo correct n few verbal errors. 'J'lnis, in liis
nrenniil of the Nottingham assiies, when lli« count in-
I'liriiis us that In' saw n man capitally eonvieled of the
iriiiie of nhigrnln, ho adds, in a parenthesis, ns I he
lliilllish eipiivalciit, the word /iiirsr i/m/iiig .• us we were
iiiil prcvioiislv aware that this crime, however liciiions,
was visited wllli a pmiislnneni so severe as thai nfdialli,
we liavc, on our own re»|Hm«ibilily, changed Hie term lc>
Imrsc tlidlinx-
Willi Ihesii few Itilrmlurlnry remarks, wo roininend
(Mitiit l^•eclli^, in his English dress, to tlui U'nuvoU'iKC
111' his I'.nglish renders.
Nt!W HKHHIS—
AUTHOR'S I'KEKACE.
" Ah !" re|)lied Saiicho, weeping, " don't die, your
iioiioiir, hut follow my advice, luid live iiiany years ; —
beeaiise the silliest thing a man can do in this lile is to
die wilhoiit any reason, without lieiiig killed by any body,
or finished otV by any other hands lliaii iiieluMiholy's."
This adviei^ of the fuiihfiil Saiieho I'an/.a always appeared
to me the plainest and best of all the recipes pliilosnpliers
have prescribed for adversity. I'lilling it then into prac-
liec, iiistcid of pouring forth useless laniciilatioiis, ur
hanging down my head like a weeping willow, I have
aeipiiicd the habit, in travelling, of llinnvitig upon paper
the observation that, from time to time, new objecis
iuvakcned ill me. In this way I have beguiled a good
deal of the leisure of my exih^; and fortimalc I am, if,
hy these skclehcs, I can beguile some moments of the
leisure of my countrymen. My book cannot enler into
eompclition with any other; il is but a miscellany like
the utla-imhiilu of the Spaniards, that fiivoiirile dish of
my favourite .Siineho Paiiza. Let him who wishes to
iHeome aci|uiiiiitcd wilh English politics, read IM. dc
I'radt ; him who wishes to know the statistics of England,
refer to the work of Itaroii Dupin. Let him who ilcsiics
to understand tliu macliinciy of the ndniirablo adminislia-
lioii of jiisliee ill England, eonsiill Ihewi.rk of M. Cottit.
Let liiiii who wishes to become familiar with lOiigli.sli
matiiicrs, read llie elegant descriptions of the AmeriiMii,
Wushiiiglon Irving, in his "Skelcliliook." Hut let him
who docs not love science and informalioii well ciioiiyli
to read tliesc ; who admires iirnfilcs iMlhcr than full
h'ligtlis; who reads lor reading sake, and in the way the
journals of the fasl'iims and the opera-books are read,
skipping, singing, ami yawning — let him, I say, read
the Ibllowiiig ohsCi'vations of
GIUSEITE I'ECCHIO.
ARRIVAL I.V LONDON.
flRSr IMI'RESSIO.NS.
W'lien, on his first arrival in England, the fiircigncr is
senlcd on the roof of a carriage which bears him to-
wards London at the rate of eight miles an hour, he
eaiinot help believing himself hurried along in the car
of I'liito to the descent into the realms of darkness, es-
|M"eially if he linve just leH Spain or Italy, the favourite
regions of the sun. In the midst of wonder, he can
hardly nvoiil, at first setting olV, iH'iiig slriiek wilh an
impression id' melnneholy. An eternal ehmd of smoke
which involves and pcnelrutes every thing; a fiig which,
during the months of Novemlicr and December, now
grey, now red, now of n dirly yellow, always obscures,
luid sometiiiies completely extinguishes, the light of day,
cannot fail to give n higubrions und JJanlcti/ur uir to
Uiis inimeaanruble and interminable iMipital. He, uIhivc
all, who is just arrived Irom n sunny comilry, cxinri-
eiiees, ns 1 said Is'tore, (he same eU'eet as wliuii, (roni
the bright light of ikshi, he enters u half-closed chuiii-
U'r : nt Hie first ghiiice he sees nolhing, — hut alU rw arils,
by littie and little, he discerns tlic harp, the Indy, the
sofu, and the oilier agreeable objects in the nparliiiciit.
Caraceiido, the nmbiissador to (ieorgc the Tliird, was
not in the wrong when hesuid, that the moon of Naples
was wnruicr than iJie sun of London. In (lic(, for seve-
ral days the sun only up|N<ars in (he mids( of the dark-
ness visible, like a great yellow sjhiI. London is a " pa-
noriuim of the sun," in whii h lie is oUcii Isller seeii
than fill. (»n (he •JIUh of NovenilsT, IH'.Mi, there wiik
an eclipsi- visible in Englund : the sky that ihiy happen,
cd to Ik' clear, bul riolHsly (isik (he Icaat notice of Ihe
phenomenon, Im'Cuusc the (iig produces in one year more
eclipses ill Englaiiil (lian llicro ever were, \\m\\ ollur
caiiscN, perhaps since the creation of Ihe worlil.
One day I was stndling in Hyde I'ark, in company
wilJi u I'cruviaii ; it was one of Ihe fine days of London,
lull (he sun was so obseiircil hy (he fiiu, (lia( it had t ikcii
llic fiiriii of a great ghdic of lire. " Wlinl do you think
of (lie sun (o.ilny /" said I lo my coiiipanion. " I
llioiiijhl," replied the adorer ofllii'iine sun, " llinl (he
end of (lie worhl was come! Was il iio( n Kiiif(ular ca-
price of I'orlune, (hat where there is (he h'nst light, the
great Ncwioii hIioiiIiI liiivi' Imcii Isirn lo analyse it i"' Il
!ip|M'ars lo me like the oilier siiii;iilnrity, — thiil .Mficri,
nhuunalyscd liberty so well, should liiivr liceii iHirn In
Ilaly, where they lirive Ics.-. of il, |h'i haps, than any
where il.se. Aller all, whal of il / The l^llgli^ll, by
liirce of industiy, have cniilriviil lo inamillictiire fiir
(hcmsilvcs even a i^iiii. Is it ipit indeed a smi, — that
gas, which, niniiiiig midcrgroimd Ihriiitgli ail llic island,
ilhiininatcs the wliol<' in ixjinl /hj- .' Il is a smi, willi-
oul luiliglil and without selling, Ihr.t rises and ilisap-
pcars like a (lash of lighliiing, anil llial loo just when
we want it. The gas illiiiiiiiialion of London is so
iK'aiilifnl, that .M. Sismoiidi had gooil reason (o say, (hat
ill Loiitlon, ill order to see, you must wait till night.
The place cd'Sl. Aidonio, at ('adiz, on a slarry smiimci's
iiing, — the iitiisv Str.ido Toledo of Naples, silvered
by Ihe moon, — llic I'arisian Tivoli, blazing with lire-
irKs; — none of tliciii can snslain a comparison wilh
llic Ki'iii 111 street of Liiiidon, liglili d by gas. Nor is
Ibis nrlilieial sun an cxchi.si\c ailvaiilanc of llic capital ;
it shines every where with Ihe iiiipailiality of (he great
planet, illuiiiinaliiig alike tliu palace and (lie liovd.
Whoever (ravels in England hy night, in (he coiinlry
around Leeds, Nollingham, Derby, or Maiiehi sicr, iiiia-
iriiics he .sees on every side the ciiclianlcd palaces of lliu
liilrics, and shining in the light of a thoitsand lorchcs:
hill they are ill reality no.illicr than very large and vi ly
lofty mamifaetories of coUoii, woollen, or linen. 'I'ho
English nation is free from the dcli-ct of carping at new
invciiiiiins. Acciistoiiicd, liir more than a century, to
see improvciiiciits of every sort at every (urn, when a
III \v discovery presents its. If, they c.\aiiiine it, simly it,
adopt the good part of it, and reject the bad. (las has
many drawbai'ks. If it eseipcs into Ihe nlmosphcro
wilhoiit burning, il stinks horribly ; if il spii .ids itself
in a close ehamber, i' takes fire at Ihe contact of a
candle, anil may ueeasion death; the gasoiiicUT (or
great rcceptablc of gas) may expliuU', and do injury both
lo person and proisrly. No matter 1 — The l^iglish
enrefiiUy guard ngaiiisl tlicye act idcnts, and (iniling, in
the balance of (heir good sense, (he advantages grcider
(han (he disailvaiilagcs, have iiilo)itcil gas liir Ihe beauty,
eoiilinuily, and celerity of its light. Eury city of ten,
Iweiily, lor(y, or lifiy (housand inliabilants, has a gaso-
meter, which is singly sullleicnt lo dispense light to all
(he sirecis and all iJic houses, I'.very shopkeeper pays
so iiineli (if he chooses) for this light, ill proporlioii lo
(he (iine and the ipiantily of (lame, calcnladd necoiiling
(o (he number of apcrditcs I'ldm wliiili it issues. A
eonipany condi.cis Ihe bnsiness (for in England nil great
undcrlakings are eondiictcd by an assiHiation of privalu
resources, — that is, by a C(uiipuny'), und their shares arc
sliilVd from hand lo hand, uiiguient the mass id'circii-
luting capital, and rise or fall in price according to Iliii
annual profits. " Cias gives a finer light than tallow
candles, ut one half, und even one third, the expcnsi*.
riie cotton fuediry of IMcsurs. I'liilips and Lee, nt IMaii-
ehcslcr, |H'rhaps the largest lighted iiy gas, was llii' first
of all to make use of it, Ui the year JMIH ; inclniling llie
wear und tear, and the inleresl of the eapilal employed
in Ihe pijies and apparatus, Uie iinmial expense ainounlH
lo filMK. sterling ; — if llicy were (o burn lallow cuiidlcs
fiir two hours every evening, Ihe cipense woiihl bo
•20(1(1/." — Vide 'I'/ir llisliiii/ nf (lir Origin und /'ragrcti
iif (lii» /.iVA/iiig, hy Mk. M*nnrws.
The Enulisli liuve liiacc the great discovery, Ihni use.
fill iiivcnlioiis inerensc (he coiivt iiii necs und (he wenllh
of nulions. Tims, iiii(wi(lislaiidiiig some uecideiKs (hat
now and llieii occur to the kIcuiii tcsmIs, Ihe I jiflisli
conliniie lo avail llicmsclvis of them, becutise ihcy have
calculated llia( if ihri) did no( e«is(, shipwieeks woiilil
Iki more fieipieid, tlie eonveiiiinecs of lifi' would lie
li'wcr, niid the eosu und rapidity uf truvclling much ru-
dliccd.
lint Ihe English have anollicr remedy fi'r the scarcity
of sun. They follow the example of |hh Is and philoso-
pliers, who, when Ihcy nre deficient in riches, dike (o
praising |Hivcr(y ;— no( Ising able di prnise (he sun,
ilicv sing (he prnises of Ihe fireside, mid llic delighls of
winter. Ossiaii (or rather Maephi rsmi, (he niilhor of
OssiaiO, iiiKlcnd of Ihe sun, nposlropbises (he iiioiii.
He (akes pleasure In dcscribinir, as if Ihcy were di liglil-
fiil, llie wliistling of Ihe winds, and Ihe roiirlng of dm
lorreiils. He eompnri s (hi' locks of a yondiliil Is'sidy
(o iMis( gilded by (he sun. Iiisdnil of depiidnir u vnlb y
c iiaiiicllcd Willi Mowers, he spurns co toll niid rU'eini-
natc an image, lu paint llic aspect of u lru/.( n lulu, uid
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130
THE ITALIA\ EXILG IN EJfGL.VND.
the shaking thistles on its baiik~. ('i
vpi'i
I hi
|MX!I1
of " The TusU," sirrns emii|>ltti ly to cnjny hiiiist'It' in
dcscriliiiiij II winter's eviniiif,', wlieii the rain rattles
down, the wind whistles, and the wa^'oner j;rowls and
{trumbles Oil his way; whilst in-doors, the tiro burns,
the newspaiier arrives, the exhilarating tea (jlows on tlie
tabic, and the f«iiily are all colle(tled ronmi the hearth.
Sonic poet, whose name I Ibriret, (1 think it is Dyrort,)
even ijives to darkness the epithet " lovely." Thomson,
the hard of " 'I'lie Seasons," was a better poet even than
usual, when hi; sunfj of winter. He calls the horrors of
winter " eonijenial horrors;" and alVer descrihiiifr the
inmmtains of snow, that, with the roar of thunder, dart
from precipice to precipice, to the bottom of the Grisoii
valleys, destroyiiif; and Imryinjj in the depth of iiijjht
Bhcpherds and their ilocks, huts and villajres, single tra-
vellers and whole troops of marcliiiig soldiers, he ima-
gines himself, with epicurean volupliieusnes.s, in a soli-
tary and well sheltered country-hnusc, before a blazing;
fire, and lighted by splendid chandeliers, reading at iiis
ease the tinest works of tlie ancients.
" Now, all amid the rigours of the year.
In the wild depths of winter, while without
The ceaseless winds blow iei-, — be my I'elrcat,
Detween the groaning loresl and the shore
Heat by the boundless imillitude of waves ;
A rural, sheltcrM, solitary scene.
Where ruddy fire and beaming tapers join
To cheer the gloom. — There studious let me sit,
And hold high converse with the inighty dead,
Sages of ancient time, as gods revered.
As gods beucticciit — who bless'd mankind
With arts, with arms, — and humanised a world."
Thus all the poets have conspired to make their coi.n-
irymen in love with their cloudy licavcns, and imhiee
tiiein to believe themselves fortunate liia'. thej- arc horn
in a delightful climate. And what matters it that it is not
true .' Are not the tricks and illusions of the iniiigi-
jiation, pleasures as substantial as actual realities ? .Mor.-
te8(|uieu said, " If the Knglish are not tree, at least
they believe they are, which is much the same." So we
may say, if the Ijiiglish have not a line eliinate, they
Inlieve they liavi', and that is as good. I was once
praising, to a young English lady, tlic pure, lorty, mo-
ther-of-pearl heavens of .'Ntailrid, of Naples, of Athens,
of Smyrna. She replied, " I should be tired to death
by such a |>criK'tual sunsliiuo : the variety and phiiiilas-
inagoria of our clouds must surely be much more beau-
tiful."
I have quoted AIontes(|uieu : — I must quote liini
again, and still on thu subject of the sun. In spite of
Ilclvetius and I''ilangieri, who op|)ose his theory of the
inlluence of climate, I could almost venturi
that if the English aro active in business, pro'bund
thinkers, and gixid fathers of lamilics, it is owing to
their having so Utile sun. 'I'riic, that with the t'alse light
by which they are almost always surrounded, the 'Inglish
have not Im'cii able to become eelcbniled painters ; that
they lire not, and |M.rhnps never will 1k' so. Hut, in re-
compense for this, they can work at the spinning w liei^l
and the loom many more hours than the countrymen of
Alurillo or Kapliai'l. An English workman, some uars
ugo (Ikfore piirliaiiient restriebd the hours of lalsiur to
twelve), used to work about sixteen hours a day. tirtes,
but the sun. The indolence, the natural lazines.s, of the
southern naliuns, (which was tince conquered, and may
lie coiiqiieiit! once again, by education and political in-
stitutions,) is not a defect tor which they ought to be
blamed, any more than their ilniely is a virtue lor which
they ought to be praised: I blame or the merit is all
the sun's. The Englislmiaic, on the contrary, receives
from his climate a multitude of necessities, all so many
purs to industry aiul exertion. He has nced'ofmorc
substunli;il tiiod, of constant tiring, of cravats, double cra-
vats, coats, great coats; tea, brandy, spirits; a larger
wardrobe, on account of the increased consumption
caused by the smoke and the wet, &c. itc. &e. ('(iiiijoil
is in the iiioulh of every Englisl man at ever}' moment;
it is the lialfof his life. My own louulryman make every
tVort, and w ilh reason, to obl;riii the pleasures of the life
to come : the I'liglish, w ilh no less reason, to procure the
ple.isures (d' the present, 'i'lie word " comfort" is the
source of the riches and I lie power of I'.ngland. Idleness,
in Ibis country, neeessaiily bads to suicide, because it
is the privation of I'vcry thing. Nature has here, as it
were, denied evi'ry thing to man, hut in recompense h;i
bestowcil on liiiii the power anil llie perseverance to pro-
cure every thing for himself. " Kitlier read, or walk, or
play," said a good inollier, in my bearing, to a little girl
of nine years old, who happened to be standing idle.
What the lady lueabt to imply was, thai any thing was
better than doing nothing. In Italy there is a i)rovcrb,
that idUncss is the parent of every vice: since vice pro
cures us a momentary pleasure, this proverb is adapted
rather to induce than to deter. In England the case is
altered, aiul idleness might be called the parent of every
misery.
"Lying a-bed and doing nothing at all," so sweet to
fierni, would be frightlid to an lilnglishmaii, who hates
laziness as iiiueh as a Spaniard or a lazzaroiie hates work.
It is a cominou opini'jn, in England, that there can be no
happiness without oeeupation. I know not whclher this
opinion is a just one, beeau.--"e happiness depends so iniieh
on the imagination. 'I'he I'akcer, who ruts in idleness
with a yoke oe his neck (a true picture of the idle and en-
slaved niilinns\ oelievcs himself happy, and perlia|is is so.
Ilu(, that idleness is the companion of poverty and igno-
rance, and that labour, on the contrarv, is the companion
of opiileiiee and enlightenment, Spam and England arc
two liviii'.r witnesses.
That freipient absence of the sun which makes the ar-
tisan more laborious, renders man also a more tliinkiog
I'liiinal. Who would not become a philoso|)lier, if he
was shut up in the house lor so many hours by the inele-
ineneies of the weather, with a cheerful lire, (|uiet and obe-
dient servants, a good humoured wili', and silence w itbin
doors anil without ! The profundily of the I'lnjilish wri-
lers is a prodiiel of tlie climate, as much as the iron, the
tin, and llie coal of the island. The sun dispersis faini-
iind ^
<tl
leiii aliroai
id;
goi
111 lire blazing up 1 1
diiiimi y attracts and ihaws them logellier again
I'Ik
lily.
the lljlian iHililical econoiniat, cahulales the
l.kbour of ai
iliii
Ital
iaii at not more than eight hours a day
The diirercnce is great, but I do not on that aeeoiiiit In
liisi' llie stall iiieiil erroncoi:
is; tl
le exIrcMcs ol siiimiier
and winter (in some parls of Italy); vi ry sensitive niiil
irrilubli nerves; the beautiful siTciie sky that is ever
templing to an oiil-i!oor walk ; all these do not allow the
llali.ui III give u I uig and steady iipplieiil ion to liihoiir.
There is nothing of this kind to tempt llie I'inglish we.i.
ver to almndon his loom, lie is like one of tin
lilinil
liorses, which are continually turning riumd and round
in a mill, withou'. any thing Ising ublu tu divert tlieni
trom
Ihei
r unvarying oeeiipiilion.
Neetissity is the giKul of idleness, and the constant pi
troll of iiidiKlry; the H|iiiniard (and ho with all the wins
of tJiu sunj who liiks no need of Htoekings, of a iiecker-
cliiif, nor n coat ; who is content with his cigar uiid bis
Ifiispaoho;' who Hlee|w on the btire ground, and who ti-els
id I
old <
tries, is an equivalent for our '
Ihealres. It is one oftlie wants of the hearl
indtlie iiilelleet. A national
son", wine
h is heard i very
.■lure, fi'oiii Ihe splendid stage of llie (■ovent-gardcn In
the hiimliK'^t hovel in Si ollaiid, is
cd " Home, swell
Me
(Oh casa ! oh dolee ciisa!) iinil home is Iriil;
" JJlest be that spot where cheerful guests retire,
To pause from toil, and trim their evening tire:
lilest that abode, where want and pain repair,
And every stranger tinds a ready chair;
Jtlesl be those feasts, with simple plenty crowii'il,
Where all Ihe ruddy family around
Eaiigli at Ihe jest, or pranks that never fail,
Or sigh wilb pily at some mournful tale :
Or press the bashful stranger to his food.
And learn the luxury of doing good."
Poetry is the painting of the English, :uid. instead of r.'-
pi!-senliiig,as the I'lemiiigs do in their pictures, llie j,,,!,.
day pleasurcsof their rustic fellow coiinlryincn, the ]m«-
lisli, in their poclry, vie willi each other in descriliin;
the less sensual eonlentnient of their families, which eciii'
pcnsates and corrects the rigoursof the climate : —
"C'onlent can spread a charm.
Redress the clinic, and all its rage disarm."
But the most beautiful sun of England is Liberty; llii,
is its cornucopia. What were Alexico or Peru in com.
parison ! Warmed by a delicious sun, they were ren-
liercd barren and desolate by tyranny. England, leu
liivoiiied by the great planet, is made l'ertilp,and blossod
w lib every good, by lil)crly. Addieon wrote from Ilaly,
lo Lord Halifax, in 17U1, in perhaps the most elegant
verses he ever composed, —
'•How has kind heaven adorn'd the happy land,
And scattered blessings with a wasteful hard !
Hut what avail hor unexhausted stores.
Her blooming mountains, and hor sunny shores,
With all the gilts that hcav'n and earth impart,
'I'he smiles ul nature, and the charins of art.
While proud oppression in her valleys reigns,
And tyranny usurps her happy plains ?
Oh! liiborly, thou goddess hcav'nly bright.
Profuse of liliss, and pregnant with delight I
Tliee, g-oddoss, thoc, Jli itamiia's isle adores,
How has slic oil exhausted all licr stores,
How oil in helds of death thy presence sought.
Nor thinks the mighty prize too dearly bought!
'Tis I.iberlN that crowns liritamiia's isle.
And makes liei barren rocks, and her bleak mountains
smile.
Others with lowering piles may plcnso the sight,
And in their proud aspiring domes delight ;
'Tis llritain's eiiio lo watch o'er Europe's liilo.
And hold in balance each enntonding state ;
To thrcoten hold presumptuous kings with war,
And answer her ulllieted neighbour's priiy'r 1"
Alniohl all the divine race of |)octs — divine, .locniisc
always ciianiiiured of liberty — have endeavoured lo cmi.
sole their native country for the want of a conslaiilly
brilliant sun, by similar observations lo llinsc. Ilvni
Waller, who lliittered equally both Cromwell and CIiiiId
Ihe .Second, in the panegyric he cuiii|ioscd upon tlie Inr
iiicr, says : —
' Angels and we have this preiogative, —
'I'liiit none can at our happy si iits arrive,
While we descend at pleasure to invade
<wert in England. Ill the soiilhern eiiimlrics every thing
.'ives way to public pbiees, and public iiiiiiisenienls. The
louses, w
iig in, are i
hieli, for the most pari, are only used fo
ilb'U in bad rejiair
III ol)
ener very poorly
liiniisheil. Where, on the contrarv, domestic life i.4 all
In all, il is niiliiral totliink of rendering it pbasani; lieiiee
llie reciprocal respeet, Ihe doeilily, Ihe iigri enieiil of llie
ineiiibers ol a family, llie piinetuahly of seivice, llie iini
ill iieiiti
, iilidll
lie
le eveellellei' o'
iiflhel
iirniliire.
ell'.mo
111 ol
leiiieni, aiiiiimt as thoii'ih il
no ciiriosilv.lH'caiise he Is'lieves llilll^elftlll
iiirile child
ufC>ui!,pluecil ilia lerrestial paradise," He who says Spain,
■itys cNury lliiiig," (says the Mpanisli proveib), lauglis al
fashion, at biKiks, at voyages and travels, al liixiirv, al
«lr|{tiiev : he in a l)H)|{eiiet in bin tub, who waiitii iiutliuig
' Soup inailn uf wttor, vlntgnr, bresil, unil a nttki Krniwd oiilmi.
\Mie eiiiliiw'ed Willi life, like the aiieieni maniiliietures of
Viilean. 'I'he families have a form similar lo that of the
yovermneiil ; lliey are neilher republics nor absolute mo-
iiarebies. There is a /in/i/, but there is notyranl in lliein.
I'.very falhir is like the Kiiigof liiiglaiiil,^ — liinileil In his
powers by reason, by enstoiii, and by the general iiiten si.
The liiiiiilies me not liowiM r patriareliiil ; thai is, ii iiii.\.
tiire of several generaliuiis, in wliicli the lii'iid is —
"Kinjf, priest, and parent of his gr.iwing state."
Hero the licnd U only Ihe falliet. The " h'linchnrn Imp.
piness," so well deflued by ( 'ott pi r, is liieompntible w ilh
the ili\er-.ily of ages and disposilions. Every niiiniagi
The bad with v
Our lillle
engeanei
, iinil the giHid to aiil.
rid, the image of the great.
Like her amid the lioimdless i
Ol' her own growth hiilli all that nature craves.
And all I bat 's ran
1 triliiile t'n.iii Ihe wiivis.
.\s Eirypl dues not on the clouds rely
Dill lo Hie Nile
owes more
lliiili to tfie sky.
Sow hilt our earth and what our hi'aven denies.
Our ever coiisliint friend Ihe sea supplies.
The taste of hot .Arabia's spice we know,
I'ree fniin the seorebing sun lliiil n. likes il grow,
Wilhiiiil Ihe worms in P. rsia's silks we shine,
.Villi, willioiil pliiiiliiig, drink of every vi
To dig 111
iiltb, we weary not our limbs.
(•old, Ihoiigh the heaviest metal, liilber swims,
Ours Is Ihe harvest where the Indians mow.
We plough Ihe deep, iinil reap what others sow.
Tilings of Ihe nobli si kind our own soil breeds.
form
liiinily, and il is \irv riire lo fnid iniiler the
same roof llie iinpliieiilde wives mid lliiir mothers in liiw,
and the two jilacuUlu husbnndt aud tlivir brothers in
law !—
Stout are our iiii
II, lino war
rlike
steeds
Koine, tlioii^ih lier eiiule lliroiiiih the w orld had llnwii,
Could never luiiki this isliind all her own!"
LONDON ll()l'SE.><.
If the sky is ilarK, iml less gloomy Is the whole finl
a|ipeariii ee of Loiiilnii lo liiiii w ho eiilers il by the Oimr
riiiid. '1 he smoky I'olour of the houses gives it Ihe
apiH'araiieii of a city that leia Ken liiirnl. If tu (hii Ir
added tli
lation ol
persons,
tre of t'li
the lions
of the b(
entering
soon give
English
col. II try.
blue pill
and, iiist
malices
houses wi
the wesle:
and more
assert till
unil laiighi
.sliU deli;
a whole In
venture to \
to make
The lioie
siK'iit ill a
board the
great part, i
like a eoinj)
that they
tioii. The
that tlicy ar
could hear t
hour overlie
neighbour Ik
nnil 1 distil
weather, — ii
great coml'u
conversation
the houses a:
nil uiiiliirni.
rorins, one
same situatio
lioiLsed in la
the slorehou!'
not chosen w
ii«r»/areliitei
in houses of F
general, a liou
term, il lielon;
it is built. It s
any great Ion
tiiiiilile to piei
ciiee. The 1'
nrehileet.s, ha\
|s'ry nianner,
quenlly the al
eipiil are pro|Ki
by lliis niethoi
over. Every
liniises, accord
silii's; iind, al
W'lHid, all Ihe
iiieiiiis of Ihe i
value of the h
.\ lire is no ii
veiiienee to tl|i
|mssengir.s, an
jiiipers. To a
lie lllllsl not Ol
pule or /'iM.».
til living in a |
'iHisl. Lull |h:
lleiiee as soon
like llie iHilvni
TlIK ITALIAN EXILE IN ENOLAND.
131
•■■II
uusts retire,
I'veiiiiij; iire :
|)iiiii repiiir,
:li;ur ;
|ilciity crown'il,
il
lever full,
il tiile :
is food,
111(1. instead (if u-
|iietiiri's,tli( liiili-
iilryiiien,tlie lOii;;-
Llier ill desciiliin;
iiiilics, wliicliioiii-
e cliiiiute : —
irni,
disarm."
(1 is Liberty ; this
.0 or Peru in com.
n, tliey were riii.
ly. l",ni;lnnd, leu
tertile,and blesstil
1 wrote from Italy,
llic most elegant
happy land,
cful hard !
D9,
iny sliorep,
rth impart,
<8 of art,
■s reigne,
iright,
leliylil !
adores,
lores,
lec sought,
urly bought!
H iidc,
or bluuk mountains
fO llio xight,
ilcliglii ;
ope's liito,
state;
with war,
pray'r '."
ts — divine, .leeniuo
ileavoured to con.
nt of a conalaiilly
1(1 these, livin
nwell and ('h:iili»
IlioBcU uiKiii the f If
Ivade
|(Mid to aid,
treat.
lliire eraves,
llhc waves.
akes il prow,
1 we shine,
|iv vine,
linilm,
Iher swims,
liiH mow,
others HOW,
I soil br( ('(Is,
steeds,
rid had ilewn.
I in (he wliole finl
Irs il by Ibe I'"*" |
■uses gives it llif
Tut. If 111 llii" I' I
added the silence wliich |ii(vails in llie midst of a popu-
lation of, iK-rhaps, oui
illinii lour hundred tin
,K.r
tre ot
,s all in motion (so that one seems to be in a Ihca-
t'liinese shades), and the wearisome unifonriily of
houses, almost all built in the same style, like a eily
the meanest habitations are separated from one aiiother
y a
bed...
boiinda
will
vail, or a palini;. No eiiijiire can have it?
better delined, or can guard its iiide|.eiideiiee
the
of the beavers, it wi
cnterinij
bi^ easy to imagine, that on lirsl
this darksome liive, the smile of pleased surpri.s
soon gives way to u glnoniy w
ider. This was the old
Kui'lisli style of building, which still prev
th(
ijitrv- i'ut, sincu
the Kiiglish liave substiliited tin
blue |i
ill for suicide, or, still lietter, a journey to I'aris
1 more jeat
Why are not tin" Krglisli good dancers? I'ecause they
do not practise
that hi
Tl
le 'louses are so sm:i
II
ii-Ml SO weaK
^■ho would eul a cajier in the third story must
■iin the risk of thundering like a bonilislicU down into
the kitchen, which is placed under ground. 'I'liis is no
mere hyperbole of mine. One of the stipulations on
lak
and instead of Voiing's Night thoiiglits, read the ro.
malices ot' Waller Scott, they have cheered up their
houses with a coat of white, and have recently rebuill
the western part of the capital " west end" in u gay( v
ami more varied style of architecture. J do not nu^an to
assert that the Kuglish have become a tribe of skippers
and laughers, like the young Parisian of eighteen — they
still delight in ghosts, witches, haunted cliurcli-yards,aii(l
a whole host of monstrosities. Wo bo to him who should
venture t" write a romance without some apparition litted
to make " each particular hair stand on emll"
The houses are small and fragile. Tlie first night 1
spent in a lodging-house, I seemed to iiiysidf still on
board the vessel ; the walls were c(]ually slender, and, in
great part, of wood, the chambers small, and the staircase
like a companion ladder ; the walls are generally so thin,
thai they allow the passage of sounds without interrup-
tion. Tlio lodgers would hear one another talking, but
that they arc accustomed to speak in an under tone. I
could hear the murmur of the conversation of my neigh-
bour overhead, — my zenith, as well as that of the other
neighbour lieneath my feet, like the opposite \mml nadir;
and 1 distinguished, at intervals, the words, " Very fuu
we.ithcr, — indeed — very line — eomlbrt — conilortahle —
great comfort" — words which occur as ollen in tlieii
conversation as stops and commas in a book. In a word,
the houses arc venlriloijuous. As I said before, Ihey are
all uniforni. In a three-story house, there are three hed-
rnfius, one over the other, and three parlours in the
same situation, so that the (Kiptilatiou is as it were ware-
hniised in layers like mercliamlisc — like the cheese in
the storehouses at Iiodi and (Vxlogno, The Knglish liav
nut chosen without design this (I will venti.re to call it)
twra/architeeture. The advantages they derive iVoiii living
in llou.s(^s of small size ami little durability are these ; in
gincral, a house is only built for '.111 years; if it outlive this
term, il l)elongs to the proprietor ol the ground on which
it Is built. It seldom happens, therefore, that they attain to
any great longevity | on the contrary, they soiuetimes
tiindile to pieces before the natural |K.riod of their exist-
ence. The Knglish, who are better aritlmietieians than
architects, have discovered, that, by buihiing in this sli|p-
|K'ry manner, they consume less capital, and that eonse-
(|iicnlly the annual interest and the annual loss of priii-
eipal are pro|Kirtionalely less. There is another advantage:
by Ibis method, posterity is not hampered or lyraiiiiised
over. Kvery generation can choose and build its own
hiiiises, according to its own caprices, niid its own iieees-
silii.s; and, allliough in a great meiisuro composed ol
wiioil, all Ibe houses are as it were uicomhiistible, by
means of the insurance ccinpanies, which guarantee the
valiu' of the house, the t'liriiitiire, and every lliing else.
A lire is no inisfmiune, but merely a temp(U'ary meon-
vmicnei! to the iumales; a sumelhing lo look at for the
pa-si iigi rs, and an entertaining paragraph for Ibe iiews-
{ii|H'rs. To an I'.iiglishman, his house is his (iibraltar;
III' iiiiisl not (Uily be inviolalile, but absolute, without (lis
piile nr funs. lie prell rs living ill a shell like an oyster
III living in a palace willi all the annoyance of a heii-
riMiKl, I>i(l( jiendence is the vital air (d'Ihe Knglisliman.
Ilinee as soon as a sou is married, he leaves home, and
like llie |Hilypi, which when cut in pieces make so many
piilypi mure, goes lo rrnlrc dsewhire aiiolher fimily.
.Naiiiiriais and paliiaichal lamilies Ix long to agricultural
ciiiniiiimities. .Viiiong eomiiK r( ial nations, which have
firlories and colonies in all parts of ihe glols', when Ibe
mai has received a suitiible eilneation, he aliandons llie
parciibil IK si, and liku tliu birds, guci cUowliere to build
(Hie fur himself
" Hail, iiiileiH'ndenee, hnill heaven's ne\l Ik'sI gill
To thai ol life and an itiimorlal soul ;
The life (if life, that lo the Imnipiit high
And solsr iiii iil (.'ives lasle, lo the howM roof
h'air druani'd re|Kise, and lit the (dllage ('harms:"
The loveof iiid(|Hii(leiiee, that " life of lill," as Tlioni.
•nn lulls il ill his |HH'iii (III tiilHTly, iiiiinilisls itself even
in the ehnrehes, where i very Knglish family has a seal
iif il« own, surrounded liy n fence. Whoever travels in
Kiijliiiid will observe, how, even in the smallest vill ig(^,
ing a house In riondon, is ollen that no dancin
shall
a siiitrle pull at the bell, which conmimiicati s with Iho
iindcrgriiinid kilclieii, where ihe serv.'inls an . 'I'hi re is
:iiiollu'r conventual sii.rii for visils
vhiel
1 consists 111 11
rapid succession of knocks, the luori.' loud and noisy ae-
(••ording to the real or assumed ('oiise(]ueii('e »r fashion ot
till
On this svsleni,
akes his la
in public in a high and discordant voice, that every oiu^
may hear him, and pay the same respect to his acci nl.s
to III!
rif " the
at Ihunilc
veil 111 lioiKlon
Ihemagnanimoiis heroes of fashion aimennce Iheiii.selves
lo the obtii
uses of till
le vnlgiir Willi "celioiiig
ehi
bio
lake place in il. Why is il that Ihe Knglish geslienlale
so lillle, and have their arms almost always ghied to
their sides.' Kor the s:i me reason, I believe; the rcxims
are so small that it is iiiipossibh' to wave one's arm wilh-
out breaking somelhing, or ineonvenieneing son.ehody.
Some people are (piile thuiiderslnieU at the silence
which prevails among Ihe iiilialiltanis of London, lint
how could one niillion four liimdred tliousanil persons
livetoijfelher without silence ! The torrent of men, women,
and ehililreii, c.irts, carriaL'es, and horses, from the Siraiid
to the I'l.vcliange, is so slmng, that it is said that in win-
ter there are two degrees of Kahrenheit dilferenee be-
tween the ntninsphcre of this long line of sireel, and that
of till' West Knd. I have not as( ertaiiied the trnlli of
this; but from the many avenues there are In Ihe Strand,
it is very likely lo Ik' eorreel. Kroni Charing Cross to
the Royal K.xchauge is iiu encyclopiedia of the world.
An apparent anarchy prevails, but without confusion or
disorder. The rules which Ihe pod (iay lays down ill his
"Trivia, or the Art of Walking' the Streets of London,"
for walking with safety along this tract of about three
miles, appear to me mmeeessary. The habit of travers-
ing this whirlpool renders the [lassiige easy lo every one,
without disputes, without aeeideiils, without pimeiilio, as
if there weriMio obstacle whatevir. I sn|i|Kjse il is llie
same thiiiji at I'ekiii. The silence then of the pass('in;( rs
is the coiiseipicnce of the iniiltiplieitv of business. J do
not say il by way of epigram, but, if Naples should ever
have a populalioii of a million and a half, it would he ne-
cessary liir even .Neapolilan wiiu!pi|HS to put tlieniselves
under some restraint 1 It is only in Spain that silence is
till! companion of idleness. 'I'his is perhaps the iKrleelion
(d' idleness; idleness al its iie /iliix iillni.
In London I have oOeii ri.seii early, in order to lie pre-
sent at the speetaele of the resurrection of a million and
a half of people. This great nioiisler of a capital, like an
inimense giant awaking, shows the lirsl sii;iis of life in
the extremities. -Molion begins at the ciremnference,
and, by little and litth', goes on gelling strength, and
pushing towards the centre, lill at tdi o'clock coiiiiiK iiics
the till! hubhiib, which goes on continually increasing lill
liiiir o'clock, the 'Change hour. It seeiiis as if the popu-
lation followed the laws of the tide iiiilil this hour ; il
now contimies llowing fnuii the eirciimferenre to Ihe
Kxehange: at half past four, when Ihe Kxehauge is sinil,
Ihe ebb begins ; and eiirreiils of |ieople, eoaehes, and
horses, rush from the Kxehange to the eirciimfereiiee.
Among an industrious nation, incessanlly occupied,
panting lor riches, man, or physical lliree, is a valu.ihlc
eonunodily. Man is dear, and it is therefore ex|K'(henl
lo be very eeonomieal of hiiii. It is not as in the eonii
Iries of mdoleiice, where Ihe man and the earlli aliki
have little or no value. \ 'I'nrkish ell'endi, or g( n-
llemaii, always walks alioiil with a train of iisi less ser-
vants at III. heels, in the same manner a I'nlish iiohle-
iniiii, or a grandee of Spain, coiismm s a great ipiaiilily
of men, who are olhcrwise unproductive. I was told,
that the Duke of .Mciliiii < 'eli has in his pay liiiir hundrtil
seivaiils, and Ihal he goes to the I'rado in a carriage
woise than u i'arisian imliirlie. It was llii' same in
Kii^laiid when there was a liircign eommeree, and no
home nnnnfaeliiri's. Not knowing in what way lo eon.
Slime tin ir surplus revenues, Ihe old Kii:,r|ish land owner
((.-.id to mainlain a Imndrid, and, in sdiiie ea.ses, ( veil a
Ihousami followers. .M Ihe presciil day, the greatest
lious(s have mil more lliaii ten or twelve servants; and,
selling aside llie weallhy, who are always iin e.xeeplion
in every nation, ami takinir the greatest imnilH r, it can.
iiiil Ih' (hnied Ihal in Knglaiid, and especially in London,
there i- a V( ry great saving, belli of lime and of servanl'..
lint how I 111 this be ncom iled with the linidlv vaunted
eoinforl III Ibe I'liglish ? Tims : llie milk, llie iiri ad, llie
hiilli r, lill Uir, the fish, the meal, Ihe newspapei, IIh
li Hers,— ill are brolighl lo the house en ry day, iil tin
s.inie hour, wilhoiil fail, by the sliopkee|s'rs and the
jioslini II. Il is well known Ihal all Ihe slreet-doiUH are
kepi sliiil, as is Ihe eiislom ill Florence and II -illii r i illes
of Tiisdiny. Ill order thai the iieighlHiiirlKsxl should
iml he dislmbed, il has Is'come an iimlerslood lliing for
lliese messengers lo give a Kingle rap on the knocKir, or
like those of the hammer of Hre.ute.
This ciislnm reipiires pnni lualily in servanls, and an
unfailing allcndauee al their posls. The price of (\ery
thing is lixed, so that there is no room for haggling, dis-
piile, or gossip. All this going and coniiiig of buyers
and seWers is noiseless. Many bakers ride about Lon-
don in vehieh's so rapid, elaslie, and eh'gani, that an
Italian dandy would not disdain to appear in one of tin in
at the f'orso. The biilehers may be freipieiilly nut with,
eonveyiiig the meat lo Iheir dislant euslomers, moimli il
on fiery steeds, and dashing aloii!.' at full gallop. .\ sys-
leiii like lliis reipiires inviolable order, and a sernpuluiis
ilivisimi of lime. I'or this reason lliere are clocks and
wiilches every where, — on every steeple, and somi limes
on all the tour sides of a stei pie ; in the pocket of every
one; in the kitchen of the lowest jniirneymiin. This is
a nation working lo the stroke of the clock, like on
orchestra playing to the "time" of the leader, or a regi-
imnt marching to the sound of Ihe drum. Nothing can
lie niori" iugenieiis than Ihe various ways in which tho
Knglish contrive to mark the division of lime. In sonio
machines, for example, at every eerlaiii number of slrokes,
Ihe m,".eliine rings n hell lo inform the workmen of the
fiel. 'J'lie tread-mill, iiitrodneed for a puiiislunent and
an employment in the liousis of eorreeliim, also rings a
hill (Very lime il makes a certain iiuml'er of revolutions.
In the wool-carding inanufielnry al Manchester there is
a species of dock lo aseerlaiii if the watehiiK 11, whose
(Inly il is lo guard against lire, has Kept awake all the
uiglil. If, (Very (piarler of all hour, he oniils to pull
a ro|)e which hangs from the wall niilside, the dock
within notes down and reveals his m gligcn(X' in the
moniing.
One shopman, therefore, in London, supplies the plarc
of tiirty or filly servanls: the shops m:iy he dislant, and
reiiioli'ly siliialed, wilhonl any iiieonvenienee. The
shopkeepers ihemselves do not remain idle, and, instead
of men, in some places lads or diildreii are cniployed.
The newspapers are circulated from house to house at a
p.'iiny an hour; the carrier is a boy often or twelve years
old, active ns a sprite, exact os lime, who brings tluni
and takes them away.
Hy this system, Ihe servanls remain nl home, with
nothing to divert tlieiii frimi tliiir oeciipalions. TIk!
servanl maids, cs|H'eially, very seldom go oiil duiiiig all
llie week, lllilii Ihe arrival of Sunday sits lliem ' ' liberty
liir three or lour hours. Il follows, uN". •' ; „,, Kinjlisli
family has no need of keeping any great store of pro.
visions ill the house; there is in eunseipience less oeeii.
palioii of room, and les.i occasion for capital, less care,
h'ss waste, less Bmell, and less w( ar and 1( ar.
TKA (JAKUKNS.
How to get Ihriaigh the siipriinily dull and wearisomn
Kiiulish Sunday is always a pny/ling problem. Thin
(iiimtry, all alive, nil in inolion, on oilier days, is, ns it
were, struck w illi a lit of n|Hipl('xy on the Sunday. In
general, the limigncr, to make his ese:i|ie from llie
"solemn sadness," climbs nt ten in Ihe morning upon
one of llie nnfailiiig liuir-liorse stages, at Clinring Cross
or ricciidilly, and contrives, at any rale, to gel himself
whin (I away from Londiin. lie goes lo liiehmoml,
takes a ipilet siroll in the Ix aiilifiil park, adinii'is the
lorliious Ik ml of Ihe Thames, — wind, w ill appear lo him
a muddy or a giddeii stream, as he is in a piulie or pro.
sale liumiitir, — and iiays al an enoimons rale liir a diiim r,
seasoned willi Ihe lormiil hows of strvaiils in silk ►lock,
mgs, who are dri'ssi d in black from loe lo Iik', like an
advocate of Turin. Or he goes to Crunwidi lo admire
inolhcr beanllful park, the lainons ohservalory, and Ihe
iiiaunilleenl hnspilal for invalid scaim li ; null liiki s his
dinner in siglil of Ihe many vi ssi Is nailing past on llii ir
return from China or Ihi^ Indies. Or, if he wishis
for a more eeonomieal (>\('iirsioii, he giK'S lo gii|K' on Ihe
loM'ly lull of llampslead, i (impiiKsionating Linidon, eu.
vdoped ill iin (loud (d' sniok<', and eongraliilaling lilm-
s( If on hiiNiiii; made his escape from 11. .Ml lliese are
goixl pi'es( rvalives against Ihe/iirrof Sunday, hut il is mil
iiuiny of llioc lienulifnl, liul, imtwlthstaiidiiig, mdun
, ' ,' i
. ■ < '<
>!!:
' . I,
1^,1
'/ ''il
"M
-■'^]
il
,'.i^'^;
132
TJIE ITALIAN EXILE IN ENGLAND.
If
y
clioly plao^f, nor yd at I lie brilliunt — iiiid serious — pro.
iiiciiado ill lJy<li'-piirk, tliiit. a forci^'iiir must s-cik to :ic-
<Iiiiro a. knowKdii;i; of llic iwitiun. Joliu Hull dous not go
to sliow liin paces In Hj'ik'-jiark or Kciisiiiijton gardiiis,
nor to tli'd liiinscll" willi poi'lical beaullis, and eoin|)osc
romanlio pastorals in Windsor-forc-t. Ifyou wish to pcc
that niarvcllous |Hrsona{,'o, who has been llic admiration
and tho lau-jhing-b-tock of Kuio|h; lor more than a cen-
tury ; who elotlies almost all the world; who i;ains baltU's
by sea and by land without much boasiinir about it ; who
works as niueh as' three, and cats and drinks enough for
six ; who is the pawnbroker and moneylender to all the
kings and all tlie republics on tho liice of the earth, anil
is yet, in a niiinner, baiikriiptcieil at houie and is some-
times like Aridas, famisliiii<r with hunger in the midst of
gold — you must seek him elsowberc. In the winter you
must desec'iiil into the subterranean taverns. 'I'liere,
round a blazing sea-coal firo, you will find seated the
English working men, well dressed, well shod, smoking
drinking, reading, — and holding their tongues. 1 he
schools of mutual instruction, and tho Sunday schools
which arc kept o[Hm gratuitously by all classes of
dissenters, ii)r thu education of tho poor children lie-
longing to their sect, have made the English people
well aci)uainted with reading, writing, and arithmetic.
In Scotland, even before the mutual instruction system
there existed p.xrochial schools, in which, besides reading
niid writing, the scholars weru taught the ruilimcnts of
Latin grammar and psalmody. It is well known tliat
these Scotch schools produced a great numlicr of |H)cts, —
among them, James lleattie, author of "The Minstrel ;"
and iliirns, a humble farmer, who became, without a
n\x\, the Theocritus of modern times. For tliis class of
readers there are published a numlicr ol'SuiidaynewsiKipcrs
which contain an abridgement of all the intelligence,
miecdotes, and observations, which have apix;ared in the
daily newspapers in the course of tho week. 'J'hiis the
blacksuiitli and the weaver arc as well aeipiaiiiled with
the great events which arc passing, as the first speakers
in piirliamcnt. This is not a matter of trifling iiupor-
laiiec: it is in these taverns, luul amid the smoke of
tolaceo and the fumes of porter, that public opinion
takes its rise, and its original form, — that it reaches its
first stage. It is hero that the conduct of every citizen
is weighed ; this is the road which leads to the eapitol or
the 'I'arpeian rock ; it is here that the love of country and
till' love of glory are kindled, that the services rendered
to the jiublic by zealous patriots uro made known, that
applause and disapproliation take their origin; it was
lierc that arose the triumph of llurdett when he left the
Tower, and the curses on Oastlereiigli when he dcsreudeil
into the tomb; it is here that iK'gins the censure or the
approval of a new law ; and it is here that the rewards of
desert, or the rcbulfs of demerit, arc prepared against the
lime of rloclinii. 'j'he tavern is the forum of the English,
Willi this dillVreiice, lliiit here there is no dispute or con.
test. Whether from the climate, temperament, or educa.
lion, whatever may he the reason, certain it is, that in
llieso taverns mon^ i|uii'tue8s, order, and decorum, are
I'bserved, than ill our cburelies ; and tlu sc tavern states-
men, after they have filled themselvis full of beer and
mixed liquors, instead of seeking for ipiarrels, fall directly
on thu pavement, " as tails a IxKly dead."
In the Slimmer, .lolin Uull likes after dinner to chror
bis pyps with a glimpse of tho country ami tho greoii.
'J'lie nation altogetiier has a parlieular lovo tiir trrcs
and Mowers. The lord has, in his parks, oaks of a
thousand years' growth, untuueliod by llio u\o, — hot-
houses full of exotic plants, exipilsilo friiils, and tho
laresl tlowvri; tliure is not a eottago in England which
lias not before it u little piece of ground for tho ciiltlvi-
tioii ot* Mowers; and even tho poor town imprisoned
nrtisun works nt his loom in sight of puis of (lowers,
placed on the window sill (with a mind no less generous
than my loril's,) in order that thu passengers also may
enjoy tlin sight of I hem. 'i'hv lovo uf llowcrs in in itself
11 great sign of eivllisation.
From lime iinmoiuorial tlirro hnvorxislodin England
fiKilpnlliH tiir gi'iieml use arrosn llir tii'lds beloiigiiig to
privain individiinls. Some years ago the land <iwners,
rviTy where insallablf*, rndpavotired to eloso llieso fiiol-
ways, aii'l dcprivn llin public of the linulthful and inno.
runt reereallon of wnlUIng in theiii. What wai llie
coiiKei|iieiir<i ? In nliiiosi every roiinly n soriiily tins
liren Ibrined for defending tlin rights and rerronlions of
the people. This will sulHeinnlly show how nonrly the
people bnvo llieir rigblsat heart, — and how dearly they
lovo their rural walks.
In Ihn noielilwiiirhnoH nf London Ijiero arc n great
niiiny fjnrdfns, plunled with Inrjjn iinil ithady trees.
called Ten (,'ard(iis, wliero the workmen witli their fa-
iiiilies go to lake tea after dinner, or to drink the
" nul-brown ale." One of the most beautiful of these
is I'limlicrhind Garden, on tho banks of the Thames,
near Vau.iball. All over the gardens arc scattered a
number of clian little tables, around which aro collected
groups of four or six workmen, smoking with long
white carllicn pipes, (which arc supplied by tho landlord,
filled with tobacco, for u penny,) leaning back, and
throwing forth from time to time with the clouds ot
smoke, some imperfect sontcnco, just as wo read Cor-
poral Trim and the captain did, in Tristram Shandy,
lie who has not exiioricnced the luxury of repose after
five or six days' fatigue, cannot coiicoivo how these
men, speaking little and moving less, aro ncvertliclcss
most happy in this living slatue-likc condition. Kol an
instrument is to be heard, not a single note of music, —
nothing meets the ear but the buzz of the talkers, who
speak in an under tone; — while the boats, full of people,
keep coming and going by tho Thames. On our lakes,
wc arc accu.stomcd to hear musical instruments, with
their vocal accompaniments, and vintage songs. For
the want of these the English, who arc passionately
devoted to niiisic and poetry, arc not to bo blamed : the
protcstant religion docs not admit of diversion on the
Sunda}',— it demands the consecration of it to contcmpla-
lion, to seriousness, to self-examination, — without, how-
ever, denying tho consolations of tho bottle. In Scot-
land, where the religionof Calvin prevails, tho Sunday is
still more silent and gloomy ; with some a smile is almost
thought a proOination. On this doy of absolute innc-
lion.tlie barbers are scarcely permitted to exoreiso their
1,'cessary trade after nine in tho inornin);.
On the continent there is great talk of the swearing
of the English, — of their tremendous "G— d d— n."
I believe, for my part, that a Venetian gondolier or a
I'ologneso carrier, swears more than a thousand Eng-
lishmen put together: besides, I have observed, in all
the public houses, a notice from the magistrates hung
up, threatening to punish with a fine any person who
should make use of un oath.
Whoever has formed an idea of tho English from the
finest poem of Voltaire (which I will not name, though
every Ijody has read it), would be surprised to find the
rosy cL.'eks and robust athletic forms ho talks of,
changed into tho pallid faces, and weak, unsteady
frames, that eharaeteriso the mechanics who frequent
these gardens. The spado improves a population, —
but the loom spoils it. What a diflbrence between a
Scotch highlander and a (Jlasgow weaver ! The one
still retains the well knit and attiletlc form of the war-
riors described by Ossian : legs like the marble column
of Lena, a bieast high and ample as a cuirass, the
colour of vigour in his checks, in all his dnporlmont the
firo nnd mettle of health nnd strength : — tho other, on
the contrary, is lean, ill-made, old before his time, and
(iieble In his gail. What a contrast between an English
roiicliman and a Manchester spinner ! Tho former is the
very model of a lusty liacchus, — tho latter of a prisoner
fiir life.
Tho deterioration of the population Is a disadvantage
of manufacturing states that has never yet lioen siilfi-
riently considered. I made it my business to seek fur
some statistics of the manufacturing classes, in order to
discover their maladies and usual length nf life, but did
not Buceeed in discovering any, and 1 believe nona aro
to bn found. It is dillieult in fart, to procure any that
can Ik) relied on, from tho continual removal of the
workmen from place to place. Some physicians of
Manchcsler have endeavoured to spread the 'lolior, that
the duration of lite is thn liin)7cst in Ihnso cities where
manufactures have most increased. It is a pity MoliiVo
is not alive! Ho would hero have a fine suliicct for
raiding n laugh at tho rx|MinBO of <pinckory ! — The as.
serlion has nut gained thn slightest belief from those
pliilsnthrnpiHts who are exerting Ihemsnlves 'o provide
a reiiiedy lor the dainngo which, they n. > tor -veil per-
suaded, his reelusu oiiil sedentary lilb must do to tht.
manufacliirer. Home(iftlieso,for instance, Mr. Ilroughain
mid Mr, llimie, have encouraged Ihu ostablishment of
seliooN for gymnastics, where, in the hours of rest, the
workmen may exercise their limbs in strengthening
nnd diverting siHirls. Tho most persevering of Ihoni
all, Mr. Owen.ulier having introduced even dancing into
his slupi'iidiiiis inanuihrlory of New Lanark, Iwtween
Kdlnliurgh and I ilusgow, invented a now pliiii of lalxiur,
consisting of iicriiiinliiin alternately in ngrioiiltiire and
inanuliieiures, and went to America to try the ex|ieri-
innnt. The classes of workmen lire mnr« or leit ill.
Imikliig orcordiiij^ to the eliaraelcr ofthoir trndoij the
population of nirniingham and Sheffield, employed prin.
eipiilly in forges and iron works, present a much fiiiav
and stronger appearance than that of Manchester and
Glasgow, which is almost entiicly imprisoned in cotton
lactories.
When 1 made some of these remarks at Liverpool, lo
ono of the many intelligent and wcll-inlbrmed me-
chanics of that city, ho informed me that in the last
war with France, the regiments recruited from that
most industrious county — Iiancasliire, — were disiiu.
guished above tho rest for their bravery. This mny
very well be, since it is not tho practice in the present
day to fight liiind to hand. There is no reason to be-
lieve that artiiicers make bad soldiers, as the Romans
believed them, nnd as tho Florentines of the middle agca
proved themselves. In I'ersia, where the strength of an
army still lies in the cavalry, a service which rcquircn
strength nnd peculiar dexterity, tho inhabitants of tho
manufacturing cities do not turn out to bo good soldiers,
But tho war of modern limes, in Europe, depends on
bravery and discipline ; the English armies, who are in
these respects exemplary, are, for a good third part,
composed of artificers.
The division of labour, so essential to the rapidity and
the perfection of manufactures, and so much in use in
England, is injurious to the development of tlie mental
faculties of tlic artizAn, or even, perhaps, is fatal to it.
Witli what ideas can his mind be enriched by that shut.
tic, that wheel, or that spindle, which moves incessantly
and unvaryingly before his eyes twelve hours in the dajl
" The result," s.iys M. Say, " is a degeneracy in man,
considered as an individual. It is a sud account to givo
of one's self, — that one has never made any thing but tlic
eighteenth part of a pin!" If the workmen did not enjoy
the incalculable advantage of his comi>anions' foeiety,
which in his hours of rest awakes him, electrifies him,
and invigorates all his faculties, and had not always Ik-
fore him the endless [lunoratnas which arc constantly
presented from his living in a city, ho would become, at
the end of a few years, a [terfect automaton. In fact, in-
stead of saying that a master manufiicaurcr employs surli
a number uf workmen, it is conmionly said, thot he em.
ploys such a nunil)er of hands, as if the journeymen had
really no heads. Tho Uroughamt, the Humes, the Bur.
detts, tlie Aliens, — the protectors and iirolceted of there
classes, — were well aware of this evil, nnd set thcnirclves
zealously to work to discover the remedy. They hit Ujion
the idea of establishing libraries for mechanics in every
city in the; kingdom. These are only open for two houri
in tlio evening; they contain histories, voyages, and tra-
vels, models of machines. Sec, The subscription for a
quarter is only cighteen-iHsnce English. Not content
with these, they founded in the most |Mipulou8 cities,
professorships of mechanics and of chemistry applied tn
tho arts. In London, more than l.'iOl) operatives coiitri.
bute each a guinea n-year for admission : this year >
working shoemaker gained a prize of ten guineas for an
essay on geometry. Some months ago a society was
formed " for tho dilT\isinn of useful knowledge," wliioli
publislics and distributes every month a great number of
elementary treatises on nil the branches of the great tn-o
of liuiiian knowledge. The Sunday |)apcrs, and the frc
qiient public meethigs which the mechanics attend, and
wlier<! the most elixpient s|ieakers adilrcss the inultitudo
on public aftairs, aru an aliment and a stinmlus to tlieir
minds. Mr. Hume, in the House of Commons, on the
13th Deceniber, lH:iU, declared that tho stamp-duty on
newspa|H<rs was tiir t(Ki huuvy in England. In the I'liilril
Stiiti's, the |Hipulntiiin uf wUicli is little more tlian hall'
that of (ireat llrituiii, there are .'iUU riewspa|)ers; wlilki
in (Jreat Ilriliiin, on account of the weight of the tajcs,
there are no iiioru than 'IHl. He gave notice, after tlicsu
details, that he should move fi>r a reduction nf the duly,
at least on those weekly pujiers which arc chiefly intend,
ed for the working classes. Mr. nroughnni, who is iini-
bitii us ol making that po|iiilnr instruction ho has wi
wonderfully promiited a durable monument to his nnnir,
with llin nceustomed elis|uenee, sciraiiled the pro|KiKal.
The inllueiice that the press must exercise in a stiilo
where it is free, must (I would rr|Mat if a thousand
limes) 1m> incnieulnble. I will venture to say, that its iii-
lllienee must Is' greater than tlint of religion itself! It ii
friiin these fountains that pulilln opinion springs forth;
and this is alone Hiitlieleiit lo eorrer't nil the errors nl"
legislation, and restrain n!l the nbuses of (Niwer. It is a
real panacrn. 'Mie iiews|in|iers are the "daily bread" of
moriiiug nnd evening to eveiy Englishman, Ho greed)
is the public for its IiiihI, that the ifVmx, not nmtiiil witn
•printing eleven hundred rniiies nn hour, has improvnl
till ir steam-pri MS to such a (lejree, that now it prints no
Ivs^ than fc
luiiiute, — bi
Ortes, ou
elated |)oliti
riches only t
hands of a fi
in the same
am describir
this idea.
crowds of cl
with boots
watches in
necks, — lodg
feather licds
bread and bi
they in so go
land was nei'
'I'he old men
ancient hous
lile testiiuoiii
furniture, elo
'J'lie reason c
luercc is in
idways iiicrc
wurkmen, tin
It is now a di
men are not c
but also to till
of labour. B
labour having
cuiisuincd onl
have cume to
a iiieclnmie, a
class would hi
cost Mcar so n
It is nevert
engines has ■
workmen this
with them us
tress which ha
These vast ma
Jiims of nieclia
\Vhile tho othe
pciitcrs, dyers,
shillings a wc
working twelvi
eijj'lilceii, even
aie not only pli
workmen, but ii
iiig laid in Ji
Manchester, to
ing their eoiidit
the early daysol
paiil, and quite
years, the masti
iiail heaped up :
while the jouri
anil liiwer in tli
diiMinislied, and
scriliiiig the mi)
ntmiisplierc, oiu
tnbjiet, he exclii
sipi.iliil cmmteni
at myself, not l\
than the imui '
Sec to what a wi
age nf six, niosi
dii>;, ill a sulToei
till' extremes of
tiir our weary lii
and at thirty, wi
cliihircii are sti
ilclici', siistainei
SCMIC of us, to til
hniiil, at the con
passers by !"
This laiuentnl
11','^M r.iliiin, as in
I'iciil and iiiiidcri
\iry centre of a
niy iiiiiid the nnl
cliii", ciiiiiplainei
riin(|iuTcil by thi
Id wlarciii to lay ||:
lk!>'
THE ITALIAN £XILE IN ENGL.VND.
133
I, .
"■I ,
niploycd prin.
a much line;
iiiichcstor and
onud in cotton
t Liverpool, to
intbimed niD-
lut in the last
ted from timt
—were distill-
•y. This mny
in the present
) rcaHon to be-
s the Uoniani
he middle ages
) strength of an
which require*
aliitnnts of ihu
e good RoUliers.
|)C, depends on
lies, who are in
ood third pnrl,
llic rapidity and
nuch in ii£c in
It of tlie mental
s, is fatal to it.
cd by that shut-
oves incessantly
lours in Uie day I
ncracy in man,
account to givo
ny thing but tlic
en did not ciijcy
[Mnions' foritty,
I electrifies him,
I not always Iks
1 arc constantly
•ould become, at
ton. In fact, in-
rcr employs sudi
said, thot he cm-
journeymen had
Humes, the Bur-
rolectod of tlioBc
|id setthcniFcIvea
They hit u|H)n
Jinnies in every
len for two houri
lyuges, and tra-
ibscription for a
Not content
(Mipulous citic!,
nistry applied In
HM'ratives coiitri-
II : this year a
guineas for an
_ a society wns
iwledge," wliirli
great number of
of the great triHi
lers, and tlie fro.
nicH attend, and
ss the multitudo
imulus to tlii'ir
immons, on the
stump-duty on
111 the I'liitol
more than lioll'
spajM-rB ; wliiln
'lit of the taxcK,
otiee, after llii'sc
ion of the duly,
chiefly intend-
mm, who is nni-
tiiiii he has wi
■nt to his nnnio,
the pro|Hmi>l.
reise in a slnlc
it a thoiiHnnd
say, that it" in-
inii itself! It i«
springs forth:
II the errors nl'
(Miwer. Il i»
daily bread" nl"
lan. So greedy
lot conliitit will)
has improvnl
low it prints no
ion :
•d
lesa than four thousand copies on liour, — seventy in u
minute,— but that on one side only.
Ortes, our too highly praised and too much depre-
ciated iwlitical ecoiioinist, maintains that coininerce en-
riches only tlie upiK'r classes, accumulating wealth in the
liiuidsof a few, and leaving the mass of labourers always
ill the same state of misery. The tea gardens which I
am describing are in themselves a complete refutation of
lliis idea. The visiter observes with amazement the
,| crowds of clean shaved artisans, dressed in good elotlies,
I witli boots on their feet, linen sliirtt on their backs,
S walclics in their jiocketM, silk kerchiefs round their
•fi necks, lodging in comfortable houses, sleeping in clean
% feather beds, taking tea twice a day, and eating whcatcn
-* bread and butcher's moat every day in the year. Were
■i tiiey in so good a condition when the commerce of Eng-
ji land was neither so flourishing nor so extensive as now I
M The old men of the country, the current traditions, the
I ancient houses still standing, and many other irrcfraga-
1 ble testimonies, prove to the contrary, — that houses, beds,
A funiiliirc, clotliing, food, every tiling, were mucli inferior.
f Tlie reason of this dilTerciicc is manifest. When coni-
i mcrcu is in a pro8|)erous state, the demand for goods
^ iUwavs increasing, and consequently favourable to the
t workiiien, they can keep up the price of their handicraft.
'ij It is iiow a demonstrated truth, that the wages of work-
4 men arc not only in pro|)ortion to the price of provisions,
' but also to the relation between the supply and demand
i of labour. Iksides tliis, machinery and the division of
? labour iiaviiig reduced the price of many articles liitlierto
cuiiKUined only by the liigher and middle classes, they
have eoiiie to be in general use ; tlie present wardrobe of
a iiiecli.uiifN altlioiigli better than that which one of his
class would liiive had si.xty years ago, docs not perhaps
cost near so iiiiieh.
]t is nevertheless true, that tho introduction of steam
engines lias already taken away Ironi some kinds of
workmen this advantage as consumers, by coni|ieting
with tliein as producers, and reducing Uicni to that dis-
tress wliicli has been ex|H;rienced for some years past.
'I'licse vast machiiies, which do tlio work of several iiiil-
!iiiiis of iiieehunics, aru so niiuiy gigantic rivals of men.
While tho other classes oi artisans, such as sinitlis, car-
pciilera, dyer.s glaziers, &,c., cam from thirty to si.xty
sliiliiiigf a week, or more, the weavers and spinners,
' working twelve hours a day, can hardly obtain fifteen or
ei;,'liteeii, even nt the time that trade is briskest. 'I'licy
^. aie not only physically inferior to llie former closses of
workmen, but are also most unhap; y iHungs. At a meet-
ing laid in January, liii5, by tliu cotton-spinners of
Maiiehesler, to deliberate on tlie best iiietliud of improv-
ing llieir condition, one of tliem rose to observe, tliat in
ihee.irly days of cotton spinning the workmen were well
paid, and ipiite at lilxrty ; but tJiut during Uic last fifteen
years, tlie masters, by the introduclion ot steam-engines,
had liea|H'd up riches, and increased their own comforts,
while the journeymen hud gradually descended lower
anil lower in tlie scale of society ; their wages hud been
dhiiinished, and their labour increased. Then, after de-
Kcriliiiig the miserable life tlicy lead in a hot sulfocating
aliiiiis|iliere, and the various maladies to which they arc
t^iiliiiet, he exclaimed, " Look around and Udiold these
Ki|iiallil eounteiiuiices, and these emaciated bodies! Iiook
at inysilf, not twinty-fivc years of age, yet already older
lliaii the inaji who stands ut my side, — a sailor of fifty.
See Id what a wretched lot we are condemned. From the
age of six, most of us are buried in a cloud of cotton
i\\h'., in a siilTiieatiiig and unwholesome air; exisised tc
till' ixlrriiies of heal and cold, denied the ini'illul repose
liir our weary limbs, opiiresseil with intolerable faligue,
iinil lit thirty, we enter npim a miserablo old age ; — our
rhililren are stinted in their growth, and our iiidepeii
(Iciiie, siintaiiied by untiring indiislry, is redueeil, in
miine of u", I" the sad iieeessily of asking chnrity, eap in
hand, ut the corners of the stieets, of thu jsiorcbt of the
p:issi'rs by !"
Tills lamentable pietiire, in which there Is nineli ex-
n'j'ji I itiiiii, n." In uli the hiirangiies of deiiiag>>giii">, an-
ell III and iiiiKlem, — over nrtisaiis dying of liniigi i in the
v<iy ei'iitri' of a niilloii walliiwiiig in wealth, bri>ni;lil to
iMv iiiinil llie iinkiMl Uiiiiiiins, who by the minilli of (irae-
iliii-', I'liiiipl.iiiied that aller so many pro\iiiee» had been
riiiii|iiere(l by llii' repulihe, they had nut a simn of ciirtli
wlicri'ln to lay their bones.
"And yr, O Rnninns!
Ye wlin, willi steel eneiniiber'd, to grim death
Yimr lin s expose eaeli day liir eoimlry-s.ike, —
Ye iiiiii-lers of the world, — who of the world
I'liwi'n bill thai whieli cn'nl hi^ ta'en aw.iy,
Th( air and liyht of hvav'n— roaming the fields.
Till iron-hearted hunger pulls ye down —
Ye have, to hear yc fitting company.
Your wretched wives, and naked, famish'd oflsjiring,
Crying for bread!"
Monti, Caiug Gracchus, Act 3.
It would seem that empires arc like men, who resem-
ble each other in their virtues and their faults.
Some Knglisli political economists, who [lay attention
more to the wealth than the happiness of a country, ob-
serve, in reply to these coinpluints, that if it be true that
these classes do not live comfortably, it is quite ns true
that without steam-engines they could not live nt all. It
is certain that Arkwright, by tho invci.'ion of cotton-
spinning machinery in 1705, and Watt, by tho applica-
tion of steam to it in 177!), gave their country a decisive
superiority over the industry of other nations, although
at the same time they deteriorated the condition of jier-
liaps a million of mechanics, and gave rise to a production
much greater than the demand : without these two won-
derful discoveries, England would most likely have lost
her sujieriority in manufactures, on account of the liigh
rate of wages, which is partly an ctTect of the high price
of food.
If, tlien, some workmen, as I have already observed,
injure their hcaltli in the spinning factories, there are
many more who destroy themselves from an immoderate
desire for gin, which induces them to labour harder than
a due regard to their healtli would allow. Adam Smith,
in his great work, observed, tliat, where prices are high,
workmen arc always found more diligent, active, and ex-
|K'rt, tlian where they are low ; in the neighbourhood of
great cities, 'or instance, more than in remote parts of the
country. !some men, indeed, when they can cum in four
days enough to maintain themselves all the week, choose
to remain idle on the other three. This, however, does not
happen with the largest jiortion. On the contrary, the
i.ulustrious, when they are liberally paid, in ready money,
arc generally disjiosed to labour excessively, and so im
dermine their health, and ruin their cc nstitution in a few
years. "Jt is calculated," says Smith, "that a London
carpenter does not continue in his full vigour more than
eight years." It is nearly the same with some other
trades, in which it is the custom to pay the workman as
soon as his work is finished, and even with farm labour,
when tho wages are higher than usual. I have endea-
voured to procure, but could not succeed, the book wliieh
the Italian physieian Kamuzzini wrote, in the last cen-
tury, espeeially on the |iecullar diseases produced by
excessive application to one particular species of labour.
6A1L0KS.
Whoever wishes to acquire a knowledge of nnotlier
class of Englishmen, not less Interesting than the ine-
chiuiics, must descend into one of those narrow by-streets
near London Dridgc, which lead to the 'I'hames. The
sailors, tliose sons of the ocean, are like the ain|ihibious
animals, which, even when on land, always keep close to
the water. One doy 1 took it into my head to walk into
una of tlie numerous public Iioukcs which stand in these
alleys, to eeo what inetaniorphnses those silent and se
rious iK'ings undergo on land, in whose company I hail,
at various times, s|H'nt eight months on shipboard. How
changed did 1 find friend Jack from what 1 had seen
him at sea! No longer serinns, no longer (|uiet, no longer
silent ; but joyous, noisy, and singing : the room on the
grimnd floor, into whieh I eiitereil, was involved in n
thick cloud of tolmeeii smoke, whieh almost hindered me,
at first, troni dibliiignisliiiM; the ihumiilia /icisoim'. I had
not yet taken my seat, wlieii one of them, with a gall
any thing but steady, and reeling lilui a shl|i in a storm,
with a fuecMlie colour of iiinhogiiny, from (he elliet of
the tiibneeo iiiid liquors, oll'ered me some of his " gi'ogi"
that is, brandy mixed with water without sugar, — wlileh
Is the iieetar of tliiw heroes of the deep. 1 nceepled II
withniil hesltiitliui, Imt the pivvter pot, t'roni wlileli my
generous fiieiid had Ihiii drinking, was eiii|ity, and the
poor li llow had nut perceived it. It hiid, in riiii, in eum-
plrtelv slip|Mil Ills iiiriiiiirv, that he had alreaily tossed
oti'.ili this nmbriisin, that lie iiiaili usiiiillar olVer toevi ry
body that eaiiie in. lie did not on that uieount lose his
credit with nil , because 1 know that .allors, who an
hearts of oak when they are at sea, ure hi arts of butter
when at a tavern, ami geneniiiB as (Vsar hiniBell'. Tin
cheeks of the ICnglish snilnr are not those sh'ek am!
florid elieeks wlileh the elliiiiite nalnrally produees, tun
are lliey of a till and bulky make, like f'lriiiers of Ilic
Island. Tlieli faces are broii/.id, or, to express it better
with one nl those eiiviabln English epithets eompored of
two wordj btttceJ together, they ere \o(.alhtt'btattn.
They are in general of the middle height, but large,
across the shoulders; their limbs clean made and sinewy,
and all their moveinents free and uiieonstrained. When
they are walking, you observe in them a confidence in
their own strenglli, and the audacity of a health proof
against every thing. They traverse the streets with uii
ndifVereiice which is natural to them, as if cities were
not made for them, or ns ii' they were people who had
seen things more wonderful than a city. Tin ir largo
Irowsers, their ojicn jacket and shirt collar, their round
hat, or plaid bonnet, all their <lress, in fine, contributes
to make them appear more active, more free and eo-sy.
It is well known that they never wear boots, because
they use hands and feet inditierently ; they are four-
handed or four-footed just as they will. Their eyes aro
not sparkling, but they are intrepid, and express very
well the heart of oak in their breasts. Their counte.
nance generally denotes iiitcHlgcnce ; frankness and
generosity are stamped on it ; one would say, that noiio
of these faces had ever told u lie.
In a corner of tlie room there was a group of thcso
mariners, who were singing one of their sea .songs, with
the burden "Haul awiiy, yen ho, boys!" liie cry with
whieh they accompany any exertion made in toneert: —
" Dritish sailors have a knack,
Hani way, yco ho, boys!
Of pulling down a Frcnchmairs jack,
'Gainst any odds, you know, lioysl
Come three to one, right sure am I,
If W'J can't beat Viii, still we'll try
To make old EiiKland's colours fly.
Haul away, yco ho, boys!
" British sailors when at sea.
Haul away, yco ho, boys!
Pipe all hands with merry glee.
While up aloft they go, boys;
And when with pretty girls on shore,
'J'lieir cash i.f gone, and not before.
They wisely go to sea for more.
Haul nwny, yeo ho, boys!
*' British sailors love their king,
Haul away, yeo ho, hoys!
And round the bowl they love to sing,
And drink his health, you know, boys!
Then while his standard owns u rag,
The world coiiibined shall never brag
They made us strike the British flag.
Haul away, yeo ho, boys!"
When lliese had finished their song, which wns duly
knocked down by their leathern hands, a second group
struck up another of their favourite songs, " Hearts of
Oak."
.\ fidler, who had in the mean lime entered with his
creaking instrumenl, now struck up a xW, a kind of
Scotch dance, iiiueh in favour with the lower classes in
England. Of all thu English, the sailors are the most
gatcanici above all, when they have emptied two or three
cans of grog, —
" For if sailor ever took delight in
Swigging, kissing, dancing, fijrhllng.
Damme, I'll be bold to say that .lack's the lad ["
At this sound, as If It had been the signal for battle,
all jumped on their legs, and iK'gan throwing their feet
about, for I cnnnnt say they danced. To get out of
the way of this fempest of kicks, I mounted a small
Higlit of stairs, and entered a cei ond room, which pre-
S( iifed aiiol.h( r pl( lure in the style of Teniers. It was
exactly like that I had left, except that by the round hat
of glazed halber, by the j leket and trowjers of bluo
elolli, in fine, by the unil'irmity niid siipi rior iiealiiei.s
of their dress, I pi reeivi d that tlio se.iiiien belonged to
the royal navy. In their liiees, though flushed with
lli|iior, the iiiipre.si.|iiii of (llselplliie and i bcilieme was
still visible; and nlthoiigh tliiir ileportnn nt and gestures
exhibilid nollilii'r of liisoleiiee, Iliey briniyid neierthe-
less iiiiiie of arrogance and presimiptleii tlii'ii the nlliers,
although nut so much as Is gener.illy exiilblled en the
eoiilinent (I know not why) bv soldiers of the line. They
were singing (he niitloiKil aiilheiii, coiii^iosiil by the poet
Thonisoo, the author ol'"'l'lic Seasons," ubuiit a teiiiiiry
ago, — " Hole, Ilrilaiinia."
It wns thus, perhai'f, in the dnys of llieir glorv and
iVeeilom, that tlio Veneliiins snug In the " holds" ol llieir
Mingle city, their victory over Konic Tiirki: h flei I. At
the present day Ihey have Hubttlliitid fiir those mnrtlnl
Sonus " Visin dl Mn;i," niid " Ln Dlundlna in (Minde.
letla ;" — "Tho Faen of Nliin," (ind "The Fair-linired
<;irl of the Gondrhl ;" even roii^s arc jufliiient to miuk
•:»t
*''■ ■HI
'i:I
■rx
131
THE ITALIAN EXILC IN ENCLANIJ.
'iS^--
h
1'.'
tin; rinolutions of the wliccl of fnrtuiu'. Willi tliis mr-
lanclioly rclK'ction 1 left lliiho merry luariiiurs, and
(jiiittod the tavern.
It is to tlie seamen of tlic royal navy, well clollied,
well led, and of martial as-;)ect, that Kngland owes the
iiiviolability of her coasts, her ^Inrv, and her lrid<'nt. In
the "Koderiek Random" of Smnllett (the best of his
novels), where his hero is another IJil lilas, who passes
throiifrli all conditions of life, some of the customs and
eliararterislics of these sailors may he found deserilu'd.
The author draws from nature; he had for n loii<f time
MTved on hoard a frij,'ate, in the capacity of surfrion's
mate. 'I'hc visiters to St. Taul's and W'c stniiMsler Ahhey
are surprised at the prodi;'ious numher of monuments
they find there to the memory of admirals, vice-admiral:
and captains, who have pfained naval victories. 'I'licf
ma;;niticent mausoleums are testimonies of the national
yratilude to the dead, as the super!) hospital of (J recn
wicli is the testimony of their irratitnde to the livinp. It
would have heen imimssihle to select a more ajipropriatc
.'Mid eomlurtahle situation for the invalided veteran. The
huildin;; is on the banks of the Thames, and before it, in
lull sail, pass every moment the vessels which arc arriv-
inu- I'rom and deparlin;; for the ditUrert parts of the
worhl. This sifjlit nourishes in them the most plcasini;
illusions and recollections, and the jiark, which is an-
nixed to the little lownof(;rccnwich,nllordsllicni solitary
walks, where they can call to mind, iKMicath the shade
of ajred trees, their past vicissitudes. Knclish henevo-
lence is inf;enions in renderinfi the henelil bestowed
complete, and even jilcasinfr. TJie hospitals in Kiifiland
arc, in freneral, placed on the most acreeable sites, as at
one time used to be the case with our convents. The
Kiifriish ]ioels have almost all contributed encomiums on
the valour of their seamen.
I look upon the English as highly favoured by fortune,
in the possession of poets, who use the magic endowed
upon their cralV to make every one believe hi'- own lot
nnd his own station the most enviable. \\ c r proaeh the
Ku;;lish with Iking downcast and melancholy; but v.c
ought to add that they arc not cpierulous. They labour
indeliitigably to betliT their condition, without whining
and whimpering, and at the same time draw from their
present condition all the profits and the pleasures it can
nifiird. 1 say this in relerencc to those stanzas of Jiyron,
in which he eulogises life on shipboard :
" lie Iliac has sail'd upon the dark blue sea,
lias view'd at times I ween a full fair sight,
When the fresh breeze is fair as breeze may be.
The white sail set — the g .ilant frigate tight;"'
This life, which lo ,i cavalier servenle, or a regular
piny goer, would appear more horrible than imprison-
ment ill the duiigeous of the liKpiisilion.or of Spiellieig,
is descrilied by ityron in his Cliilde llarohl with the
same sense of pleasure with which 'I'asso paints the gur-
dtn of Armida. Tl;e " little warlike world" collected in
a frig. lie, — the " well-reeved cannon," — the "hoarse com-
mand," — the " hiniiming din," wlii'ii at a word the " tops
are miiiiied on high," — the "iloeile erev.," gui.led by
llie shrill pipe of the "schoollioy miilshipinan," — the
white ami "glassy deck, without a stain," "where on
the watch the staid lieuleiianl walks," — the part kept
saeri J 'or llii' lone captain, "silent and fear'd by "11," to
preserve " thai strict restraint" which may not be broken
w illiout balking " concpiest and fame," — the swillly
blowing " gale," — the waxes that " gaily curl" bellire the
" dashing prow," — (he " convoy spicad like wild Hwans
in their llighl," — all these objects ale dwi It upon with u
gii'ul and partial fonduess.
This Is not iiieie ea|irice or extravagance on (he part
of the poet. 'I'lii SI. stanzas of ityron an; beautiful, be-
cause lliey are also (rue. 'i'here is not an Knglish cap-
tain who IS not in love with his vessel, — his little worhl,
which he prclirs to (he I'alais Uoyal. When, after ninely
days' nail, wo made the port of Dublin, our captain, in-
(■tead of landing, a.s I did, to view the HlupendoUN city,
w liieh he had ne\er seen, remained on hoard for live or
^i\ days, with ii more than philosophic indill'erence.
What » losH to Italian glory that ho many poets have
thrown away their harmonious verses on ho many liaii-
ris and l*hilli-.es, wlio never exisdil — and so many princes,
who were never maili' to U' the In rocH or Ihe (hemes
of I ilher verse or prose, instead of iclebriiting the daring
naval enterprises of Ihe ancient (ieinHse, or (he miiny
sea victories of (be Venidans! Tasso has indeed devoted
two biMiitifiil Stan/as of his lifteenlli canto to ('olumbiis,
— but (he diseoMry of a new world denianils a nalinual
piH'in at least as loudly as Ihe passage nf Ihe Cape o(
tiood llo|>e, by Viseo de t^amn, (alleil for the I.iisiud of
i'aiiiuciM! Afr. Ko>{ers, n living l;n;jli«li |HK't, liuo writ-
ten a poem of several cantos on the voyage of Columbus;
but partial as 1 am lo Kuglish poetry, and highly as 1
esteem the poetical talents of that author, the diglit of
his muse appears to nio beneath the lotUness, variety,
and (hgnity of the subject. The poet who would singlhc
praises ol" —
" The naked pilot, promiscr of thrones,"
should have his imaginntinn tilled and fired with the
martial and romantic cxjiloits of the (ienoese, from the
time of the Romans to (he present, perhaps the only peo-
ple whose inborn and indoinitahle courage has not become
(U'generate. lie should roam through those villages of
the Riviera di Ponciite which lie on the shores of the
Mediterranean ; should study the ardent and enduring
character ot the countrymen of Columbus, at once citi-
zens of the world and adorers of their native land; should
admire (he sobriety of their lives, the tranquil resignation
with which (hey support tlieir extreme |)overty, and the
modesty of their maimers; should observe their acti.e,
full nerved, vigorous limbs, their darhig and vivacious
eyes, which express their readiness to take to the sea,
whatever the weather, without asking to what part of the
world they "fi^ to go ; a daring which appears llie more
striking from their haughty and spirited glance, the red
bonnet hanging over one oar, and their half naked,
brawny, leather coloured limbs. The poet will perceive
tlmt the religious spirit of I'olumbus is a feeling common
to his cmmtrymen; they tear iiono but Ciod;lmt their
religious sentiments are perhaps pushed a little tar, so
that these new argonauts are like their fabled prototypes
bold indeed, but over su|icrstitious.
The sailors of the Knglish men of war are as war-
riors more glorious, but as inarinera less interesting
than those of the merchant service. A vessel of war is
always exposed to les.^ danger of shipwreck than a incr-
chanlman, from the strength of its build, the abun-
dance of its stores, nnd Ihe greater number of hands to
man the sails. It makes fewer voyages, and sees
fewer countries, because in time of peace it is often
in port, and in time of war it is often for several
years on a cruise, continually ploughing the self-same
pace of sen before the blockaded port of nn
enemy. Finally, on board of these vessels there is a
sort of division of labour; the duty of every one is
chalked out for him, or at Icust it is only seldom and
by turns that the seamen are employed in ditlerent
maniriivres. When the day of battle arrives, although
to the Kuglish sailor it is always like the signal ol
death, ho is nevertheless inspirited by (he hope of gloty,
inllamod by the example of his messmates; and, if he
survives, mutilated by the bullet or the steel of Ihe foe.
he sees before his eyes the splemlid hospital of (Jreen
wich, which awaits him lor his reward, like the palaci
of the lluuris, promised by .Mahomet to the bravo who
die in battle. Very diU'ereiit indeed is the liito of the
seamen of the merchant service. A vessel of 3U0 tons
goes to the end of the world, with a crew of nine or ten
men. It is impossible lo imagine the activity and cou-
rage they must exhibit in a slorm, the (litigue and peril
(hey must undergo, somctimeH lor a wholu day — for
two or three days togetlier. Hero is the glory, herein
lies the supciierity of the I'higlish seamen ovet ull other
Kuropean sailors. Others may have as much courage;
(ho (ireek is iiuicker, the Genoese more sober, but the
Knglisliiiiaii is supreme in the terrible tempest of the
sea : the ram. the hail, the wind, the whole fury of the
waves, may lage and rave against him, but he resists
and fulfils his duty: his strength seems multiplied a
hundred lolil, and ho places his glory in conquering na-
ture I Ho seems made of the rock itself! I was one
day adiniriiig the beautiful white biscuit, the jniiy
slices of salt beet", the unlimited number of (Kitatoes
which, every day, with a liltio vurialion, form the din-
ner of the sailors, who have, besides their tea moining
and evening, a phte of salt moat: the captain, who saw
my surprise, observed to me, " In o slorm my crew pay
1110 this again with interest." This class of mariners
make more voyages than the others, and boo a, vuriuty
ofdiireront countries:
'• lie travels nnd expAliates ns the her,
From llower to llower ; so he from land to Ittii'd ;
Tho manners, cusloms, policy of all,
I'ay ciintribulion to the store he glcniia;
He seeks inlilligence in every clime,
And spreads tho honey of his deep resenrch
At his return."— f'(vi''/iM-,
The craving liir variety lieinmes kucIi ii habit in sen-
men, that il is a rnio thing loi ono of tlieiii lo mnke
(wg vnyogof in llio (uiiio ship and uiidor tli« tiiiiic vniitaiii
When, in a few days, he has squandered in taverns all
tho hard earnings often, twelve, or fourteen months, he
offers himself to some cnptnin on the point of sailing,
who throws a glance over his certificates', and examines
his whole person most attentively, that ho may not he
deceived as lo health, strength,.and agility ; and tlic
agreement, simple in its conditions, is signed. Tlio
wages, in time of peace, are from forty to fifty shillingsa
month, besides the victuals, to be paid altogether on
the conipletion of the voyage, or in half or third pnr-
tions at tho place of the vessel's destination. Scarcely
has the vessel returned to England, and discharged lier
cargo, before the sailor pockets his pay. From a poor
man he suddenly f^ 'ds himself a rich one, in the ikisscs-
sion of fifteen or ,venty pounds sterling. His long pri.
vation of please : changes the public-house, in his eyes,
to an enchanted palace. This money seems to liiiu nn
inexhaustible treasure, like that called forth by tho
lamp of Aladdin. Ho apparently renounces all hi?
former virtues, he forgets all, ho abandons himself tu
the most extravagant caprice, he buys every thing lie
sees, — a turnip, a wateh, a warming pan, or a pair of
spurs; and, ignorant of the snares vxliich beset his
every step upon land, unmindful of himself, of his rela.
tions, of the future, of his most urgent necessities, lie
dissipates, in a Cow days, all the pains of a year of e.xer.
lion. It was a saying jf Charles tho Second, which
has bcconio proverbial, that " Sailors got money like
horses, and spend it like asses." At length tho dream
ceases, the illusions vanish, the fumes of the liquor dis-
perse ; ho looks around, — ho finds himself ill clad, with-
out a friend or a relation ; he presents himself to a new-
captain, and starts for another part of the world, under
a new sky, amidst another sea, surrounded by now and
unknown companions.
Tho seaman is a sort of Robinson Crusoe; nlloat, lie
practises almost every trade. Of all mechanicnl profea.
sions, this is the ono which atl'ords Ihe most instruction,
and dovelopos in the Irghost degree the moral and
physical faculties. Besides the smattering of astro-
nomy which he acquires, — besides the foreign Inn-
guages nnd the foreign manners with which he becomes
acquainted, tho mariner learns how to mix paint for
the boats and many articles on board, mends the ropes,
sews tho sails, and must, on occasion, play the part of
carpenter, blacksmith, butcher, cook, and Kaaheniion.
Ho is per|)Ctually in motion, and exercises equally all
parts of the liody, arms as well as legs, feet as well as
iiands ; ho is bent when ho rows, or reefing and unrecf-
iiig the sails ; he stands erect when he guides the helm;
ho ruqs when the vessel is lo be tacked ; he balances
himself on the mast-head ; he ascends and descends the
shrouds with the rapidity of a squirrel. There is no
system of gyinnnsties which developos so impartially
the powers of all parts of the human frame, tho eyo in-
cluded, — as tlie art of navigation.
Tho order, the regularity, the discipline, which pre
vail in the narrow space of an English merchant b'ig,
are wondorftil. The face of the captain is always se-
vere, the tone of his voice always sharp and imperious.
No scuinnn may speak to the captain first, unless on a
point of duty ; no seaman is allowed lo make remon-
strances or observations on the captain's orders. A
smile never passes over his eountenanco ; nor does a
word of approbation or encouragement ever escapn him.
The men are confined to tho Ibrecastio, and woe bo lo
them if they step un deck, except ujion duty, — it is (he
snmliim smiclnrum of tho captain and the passengers.
The most profound silence always reigns among them, ex.
cept that you occasionally catch a gentle whiKper, Willi.
out this inexorable severity, how could the captain, se-
conded only by his mate, exact, in the very middle of the
ocean, a prompt and blind obedience 1 Even in spile of
it. conspiracies and revolutions Boinctimos occur anions
the nine or ten individuals shut up in so coiilincd n
space, so impraeiieable is it to govern the human spe-
cies I An English captain always keepn his crew busy
about soinctliing or other, even during u calm. This is
also an ex|)cdieiit to prevent their taking a disgust (o
their occupation. Captain Fnrry, as soon as ho hnd
seen his vessel made snug lor her winter station of fiw
or six months, w hen on his voyage to attempt the dis-
covery of a north. west passage, hit U|«in the idea of
ereelmg a theatre, giving concerts, and setting up «
school liir leaehiiig reading and writing to his hanly
mariners; so anxious did ho feel to provide remedies
for weariness, and lo keep the minds of hid crew con.
Kiniidy oecnpicMl.
It was mil till after I hud witnosscd tho I'lToclB of this
strict oriler and discipline, nnd the conliiiual liniidliiiirul'
ilhc snils, that I liilt tlio full forvo of tho iiiu.\ini, thai
■it
<--I«"i"'.V" V
THE ITALIAN EXILE I\ E?fr.LANI>.
135
I ill tiiverns all
Dcn months, he
[lint of sailiiifr,
', and cxaminca
ho may not be
ility ; and the
I signed. Tlio
fifty shillin|Tsa
iilloijcthcr on
f or tliird por-
tion. Scarcely
dischnrped her
. From a poor
;, ill the ]x)sscs-
Ilis long pri-
nsc, in his eyes,
renis to him an
il forth by tho
lOLinces nil his
dons himself tu
every thing he
an, or a pair of
liicli beset his
self, of his rcla-
: necessities, lie
fa year of c.xer.
I Second, which
got money like
mgtli tho dream
if the liquor dis'
3lfill clad, Willi,
iinself to a new-
Jie world, under
dod by now and
rusoo; nHoat, lie
cchunical profes.
iiost instruction,
the moral and
tiering of astro.
Ilie foreign Inn-
'hich lio becomes
mix paint for
mends the ropes,
play the part of
1 and washerman.
rcisos equally all
loot as well as
ig and unreef-
ides the helm ;
; he balances
d descends the
There is no
so impartially
•ame, the eyo in-
fii
ino, which pro
murcliaiit b'ifr,
in is always bc-
and inipcrioiii,
rst, unless on a
o make renion-
n's orders. A
CO ; nor does a
vor rscapn him.
and wne ho In
uty, — it is the
the pusBOngers.
aniotig thein.ex.
whisper. Willi.
the Oiiptniii, sc-
ry mitJdlonf llic
Kvon in spile of
es oocui' ninoiiB
so oontiiied n
the human sjio-
Ills crow busy
calm, This ii
ing a disgust In
loun as h« had
r station of t\n
tUitiipt tho dii-
loll the ideii ul'
id setting up a
g In his hardy
ovidit ronindics
f his crew con'
|iu elTorts of this
jiual liniHlliiigut'
liu iiiu.xini) iTilt
vvilhoiit a iiicrchant nnvy a ninritimo force cannot exist.
It is universally nduiitled in Kiifjiand, tliiit the best
sailors on board the Kiiglisli fleet arc those who linve been
bred up 'u merchant vessels. They have had ii school
(il'jrroalor sulfcring, industry and experience, tlinii those
brouffht upon board a fyg.Tlc. Uehvecn these two Ui nils
of saTlors there is tho same diHereiice as between a regi-
ment of the lint' and a band of guerillas ; the sidilieis ol
llig line da/.zlo the most, boeausc they often decide the
fate of empires, — the gi.erilliis acquire less glory, al-
though individually they possess more bravery, ami are
much more exposed to liitiguo,to thiiiino, nnd the sword,
yuiuiay is, if possible, observofl by tho L]nglisli v.'lier-
evcr ihcv ni.iy be. On tliat day, llie silence even on
board ship is still more ijloomy than ever; everyone
is sbived, every one puts on a clean shirt, every oiio en-
deavours to display more neatness than usual in iiis
dress. Some road a tbw jiages in the Bible ; religion is
a comfort to their mind.s, rather than ii terror. The
laiglishman has no other intercessor with the Siipromo
JJcina than his own prayers, lie hopes for no oIIkt mi-
racles than llioso which spring from his own courage,
and the discharge of his duly. In a storm, the Spaniard,
and even the Greek, although n good sailor, throw tliem-
schm on their knees before some image, to which a
light is continually burning, and in the mean time the
sails and the vessel are under the control of the winds
and waves ; the sighs nnd sigi.s of contrition of the de-
votees only serving to increase the confusion and dis-
ina Tho Englishman, on tho other hand, fulfils his
duty, displays all his firmness of mind and si cngtli of
liody, struggles with death even to the last momciil, and
only when ho has exhausted in vain all the resources
of his skill, and all the energies of his frame, gives him-
self up to his fate, raises his eyes to lienveii,aiKi bows to
III? will of Providence. They aro not indeed so thoroughly
devoid of prejudice ns a philosopher of the eiglilccnth
century; some believe in gliosis, in hobgoblins, ami pro-
phetic voices which rise from the hollow of the deep, —
but in tho hour of danger they no longer recollect lliesu
illusions, and see nothing but tho reality belbre Iheiii,
and see it without affright. I read in the " Mariners'
Uegiater" (which is u collection of ofticial reports made
to the .\dniiralty of shipwrecked vessels), miracles of
constancy, patience, and intrepidity, displayed by sea-
men to save their ships, and afterwards their own lives.
One feels a proud complacency in seeing man in contest
with tho monstrous force of ocean, and generally tri-
umphant over it ; in seeing liiiii, when struck upon a
rock in the middle of tho deep, calculating on what day
the frail bark will be entirely swallowed up, and in the
mean tinio labouring at the construction of a boat; and,
when the hour of the total submersion of the vessel is
arrived, descending into his fragile skitV, and, with a
scanty supply of provisions, coiiiinoneiiig a voyage of six
liiindrod or a thousand miles, and then arriving at some
inhospitable land, Another lime you behold liiin in the
I'acitic ocean, in a little boat, after having lost his vessel,
sleeping his cloak in the sea, to protect hiiiiself from
the scorching rays of tho sun; then, for want of water,
extending his sails and eollecling in theiii the rain which
kind lloaven sends hiii). A (siet of some reputation in
Kiigland, but in my opinion of very incdioero talents, —
Falconer, — has written n poem ciitilled " 'J'lie Ship
wreck." It is a cold story of a vcsci which, sailing IViui
I'vpriis toCnndia, near Ca|ie ("oloiina (llio niieieiil Sce-
iiicini), is thrown by a tempest on the rocks, and dashod
to pieces. Tliyro is u minute deseriplioii (in some de-
gree the general deHcl of lOnglisli pools, great and
small) of all the maniuuvres anil expedients e.-iployed by
the Miiglish captain, without any of those groat strokes
of the pencil sueli as Virgil giv»s, when lie dcseribos the
sea slorru which overtook the wandering -liiiens, whose
ships now rise to the suinmil of a moiiulain wave, now
sink lollievery botloiiiof the sea ; nnd without that in-
terest which Homer excites for I'lysses, when alone on
a raft ho is thrown by the wind here and there, up and
down by the raging sea, — at one lime cast on the waves,
then ealeliiiig Indd of his raft again, till at last he coin-
mils biiiiself to the walcrs,aiid, cleaving llieiii willi his
breiist and hiilli his brawny arms, clulclie.s at u ruck
with his outstretched hands, —
"And then Ulysses on the rock tho skill
Uf his strong iirms did leave ;"
and aflorwards get U|H)n land breathless and spocch.
less, sponling water lioni his luoiilli and nostrils.
There is niiieli more piielry in the Inn stnlemnnts of
the Mariners' Uegislir, lliaii in ihu ficlion of Falconer.
This Ucgistiir was to bo found nn board of every ship I
ever sailed in ; at first it seemed strange that a sea cap-
tain should like to read so funereal a chronicle, in which,
as it were, his own fate is dcscrilied ; but 1 have since
retleclod, that, just as land otficors read with interest the
accounts of battles and sieges, and instead of being cast
down by them, aro inspired with courage, and intlaiiied
with einulali')n,so may a se.inicii learn Irom these nar-
ralives not only to die with intrepidity, but to use all
tho various inotliods lor his own preservation.
On an occasion of some peril, I had an opportunity of
witnessing in my own person the bravery of this race of
men. In coming from Smyrna, aficr three thousand
miles of pleasant sailing, and .seventy-three days ot
weariness and impatience, as we were entering the port
ofCnrlinglbrd, forty-five miles north of Dublin, (where
the vessels aro sent to undergo quarantine,) in tho dusk
of the evening we struck on a bank : at tho shock of its
striking, and the long gr.iting screak that announced it,
the nine English sailors who wore on deck turned pale,
but remained firm and collected. Not a cry, not a com.
plaint was hoard : all had their eyes fixed on the captain,
whoso orders they awaited ; he slapping his hands on his
thighs cxcla'med, " lyiiat a juke !''
The first loinedy was to spread all sail to the wind, t.T
try if this would release us from the rock to which we
seemed to bo nailed down : in vain. The second expe-
dient was to cast an anchor, and attempt by means of
the capstan to move the vessel : still in vain. Tho third
resource was, not to despair. As we did not yet know
whether the banks were rocky or not, a trial was made
with the pump to see if the vessel made any water.
Fortunately, it did not. Our hopes were now placed on
the next tide ; the hour of its rising w as anxiously looked
for: it comes; every inch is observed, is measured, but
the tide does not rise high enough. The ship, however,
still continues light and sound. The second tide is ex-
pected with still greater anxiety; a liigfier How favours
us, and with anchors nnd capstan we at last work our-
selves off this bank of evil augury, after forty hours of
exertion. The captain, an excellent man and a skilliil
iiavigalor,"was all this while inderatiirnble ; but when
we had got out of tho danger, he fell ill of a fit of the
gout, through the anxiety he had sulliicd, and several
times bled at tho noso. Tho vessel belonged to him,
and, with his property, ho would have lost his reputation
al.«o. Again we set sail, and went to lake our post on
(|UarantiHe. What a horrible thing is quaranliiin on
board ship ! A dirty yellow fiag warns others of the
disease with which you are |>crhapa infected; men lly
your breath, your touch ; they watch from what (|uar-
ter the wind blows lo speak to you; instead of the
friendly band, the boatnien extends towaidsyou an iron
clasp to receive your letters; in the night, a small light
burns on the mainmast, to warn other ships to avoid
you, like a rock or ii whirlpool ; two senliucls ooiiio on
board, to keep you in strict confiiieiiiciit ; tliroo times a
day the quarantine oilicor siimmoiis all on board before
him, to ascertain that no disease is concealed. Tho
i|uaraiilino is a lciii|Kirary exile from the world and from
mankind. It was in those fifteen days, of which every
ininule was counted, that I leaiiit from tho captain
many parliculars oltlie li!b and manners of seamen.
In lime of war, among ten F.nglisli sailors, it may ho
reckoned one is married, and in tiiiio of peace, one in
t. This pro{iortiini is mucli greater in all other
nations, varying accurding to the extent and distance ol
the coiiiiiierce they carry on. 'I'lie Italian sailors of the
Meditcriuneaii, and the lirceks oftho Arclii|iehigo, who
very rarely leave behind them the pillars of Hercules,
arc fiir llio iiiosl part married, because Ihoir voyages arc
of short duration, and they can often return to the bo-
soms of their families: but lliu Ijliglish, who by tin
iiiimeasurabilily of their coinmerco aro citizens of the
world, would, if they were married, too seldom enjoy
Ihejr home, lloiicn very few lay by fiir an event they
do not think of, and in old age do not hope lor. How
could lliey feel all'ection tiir Ihoir families, whom from
infancy tlioy liuvo abaiiduiicd? llcsides, when tlioy are
on land —
" A girl and fiddle always mako a aailor glad.' .
IIciico if through disenso, or somo oilier inisfiMlnno, one
of thoni becomes invalided, ho has no other rcsnurco than
lo beg through the sireels, singing with a voice har-
monious as tlialof Ilorcas, " Tho ( 'rippled Tur," or "The
Lullaby," or soino other of the countless navnl diltics of
wliieli the I'nglish peopio aro so Ibnd. Tho pis'l
Ciablie, still living, llie truest painter of the iminnersof
the Fnglisli viilgnr, has, in Ills liilo in verse, " Tlie
Urol hers," painted to tlia life llio inisoriibla end of n
sailor, who, having in his best days improvidently
sqii.ijidered his gains, finds, when ho has lost a leg,
nothing but conlempt and insult in the house of his
own brother, who is married lo a fury of a woman, and
at last dies of anguish. This same painlcr-iioet, in
another little poeiii. "The.Tusliee Hall," introduces a
wretched street-walker ns eoining before the justice,
with a baby in her arms; she has been by turns tho
concubine of two sailors, father and son, and implores
no other favour from the magistrate, llian to listen to
tho series of her crimes and her nii^fuiiuiies, which are in
truth of such a nature that they make one shudder willi
horror. Crabbe is entirily the reverse oft'owpor; they
are like Heraclitus and Democrilus, ".lean qui pleure,
ot Jean qui ril." Cowper sees every thiiigof the colour
of roses; all is virtue, all is happiness in England, ac-
cording to hiin ; Crabboscosevoiy thingwithajaundiced
"ye, — all is wickedness, misery, nnd vice. If, there-
fore, the stranger lends an car lo each of them, bo will
find the truth more easily by their combined assistance.
Crabbe is like the party of the opposition, for, to hear
him, Enifland has tho worst laws, and administration of
them; Cowper is like the minister, when ho speaks of
the reign of Georse tho Fourth, and paints it as thougli
it were that of Saturn, Both arc cxaggerators; but
poetry, it must bo romcmbered, is not history.
THE OPrOSITION IN THE HOUSE OF COM-
MONS.
Between tho hall of the house of commons, and tlioso
of the ropresenliitive bodies of the other nations which
I have seen, there is tho same difference as betwixt the
house of a rich man of yesterd.ay, and an old established
gentleman of fiimily. In Iheformcr, all is new and
glittering ; in " good taste," and of the last fashion ; in
the latter, every thing is antique, but solid nnd massive,
of n piece with tho walls and the ago in which it was
built. In the former, you discern the ostentatious
showiness of that which is now and not customary : in
the latter, the negligence of riches, and the habitude of
long possession. Tho chamber of deputies at Paris, tho
halls of the Cortes at Madrid and at F<isbon, were new,
like tho instilulions theinselves ; the English lionsc of
commons is old, like tho liberty that inhabits it. Happy
that country where liberty can boast of ages for its
ancestors, and dwells from ago to nee in gothic edifices.
If the house of commons were as old ns the Druids, the
monibers of parliament ought to dwell in the trunks ot
trees, like that ancient priesthood. He who enters tho
hull of tho English parliament with the idea that he is
about to see a Milanese oi Nea|)olitan theatre, will bo
deceived in his expectations. There is rot u choir or
refectory of Franciscan friars which is not as elegnnt
and majestic ns this hall, or perhaps niOi-o so ; but if ho
enters it, on tho contrary, with the idea that ho is visit-
ing one of tho oldest of tho temples of liberty, he will
contcmplatn every object with that veneration with
which wo behold tho heavy columns of the temple of
IVstum, "r the dreary catacombs of Rome.
Fashion, luxury, pleasure, conventional beauty, are
powerful in England, but they aro not triumphant.
Ovor elegance has not yot spoiled that taste for nature,
which is the prevailing characteristic of the nation.
Dress and manner, complimonis nnd salutes, nil, oven to
tho conclusion of loiters, is redolent of simplicity. Tho
English aro, jierhaps, tho best, horseincii in tho world ;
that is, the firmest in the saddle; yet Ihoy make no
show of it. They aro the lightest motioned of all in
eyinnoslics; almost all of Ihoin can, liko their horses,
leap hedges, ditches, and gates, yet when they dance,
Ihey scarcely raise their feet IVoiii llie ground. Tiny
aro, (lerliaps, or even without a perhaps, the best ex-
leniporaneous orators in the world ; yet they never study
eillier gesture or declamation. In February, ISSH. Mr.
Brougham delivered u speech in parliament, on tho ro-
fiiriii necessary in the civil laws of England, which
lasted six hours and four minutes, Bo it remembered,
that four coluiiinsof an English newspaper are reckoned
equal lo one hour. There is no cxnniplc, rithrr amonj;
the nncients or inodnrns, of so long nn extemporaiicouit
speech of the deliherntivo kind.* We all know thai Ihe
liomana studied doclamalion as ,vo iitndy ninsic, and
that Cuiustiracchiisliada man wiilia pitch pi|ie behind
him, who gnvo him notice when it was necessary to
clinngo tho iiindiilalion of his voice. Our actors often
go lo study altitude and drapery :n tho stnluea of Ihe
•t ■*■'•
.1 .■ *
■ 1
;> '■■
' ' -'J.
f,Hf/^
* Tlip ingenuuRt auUivr bail never piwiil a winter at Wntlihif -
Ion.— fc'rf.
I- :-
I'
■t;
>•
t,:
\r
1.16
THE ITALIAN EXILG IN ENGLAND.
■ !>■;■(;■■
». ■ •
mi
K '■■'
;
!.\*'*
•::l ■'•:
•^■^ <
anciriil oralor«: C'n'sar, wlipii he I'ell woundcil to dcatli,
(lid not foffjot niibilily of pusllion. Altlioii^li the
Spaniards wore not accustomed to public spcakiiijr, it
was beautiful to kco the noble <rosticu!ation3 of tlie
I'loqunnt .Martinez do la Rosa, and tlio movements of liis
lar(ie black eyes; and lo hear liim cliaiijjc with exquisite
art tlic tones of his etronjr and most sonorous voice.
(Jaliano, too, another of tho eloquent members of the
Corles, (fcstiiulaled so tlieatriciiily, that his rnemie.<
f.nid ho tried liis speeches beforcliand at u looUinjj-ghiss.
Why not? Cicero took letters from Uoseius, Roscius
took lessons from his mirror, — or llic equivalent of a
mirror, as all good actors do. Tliero is none of this
olcjranco or this afl'oclation, which ever it may best be
called, in Knglandj they rise dressed just as it happens,
gesliculato like a windmill, or perhaps not at all. like a
plianlom; and lor several hours change the modulation
of tho voice no more than a Scotch bagpipe. The
minister. Canning, in the heat of speaking, used to
thump with his right hand on a small wooden box which
Blood before him, like a bincksmilh raising up and bring-
ing down his hannncr. His rival, Brougliam, tall, thin,
convulsed in tho muscles of his face, crosses when he
speaks both arms and legs, exactly like one of our bone-
less fantoccini. Nol even their actors, for example, the
chief of llicm, Keaii, employ timso architectural attitudes
which the actors of other nations make use of. Their
uftitice consists in following, not the dictates of art, but
those of nature. I confess, however, that, in my opinion,
tho members of parliament ought sometimes to em-
bellish nature a little.
It is well known that in the English parliament an
orator never reads, but alwaj's improvises. Kvory thing
is spontaneous, every thing shows tho man, every thing
belongs to tho speaker. Hut what, perhaps, is not so
well known, is that the orators have not a ridiculous
lopugnaiico lo rctrncling wliat may have escaped Ihcm,
in spile of themsolves, in tho warmth of debate. An
Knglisbman is not ashamed to unsay an injurious
expression whieli ho never liad any intention to say.
it is an act of justice which docs him honour before both
friend and enemy. The English regard duelling as the
last and desperate remedy of inexorable honour. In the
llimous parliamentaiy debate on the I'Jth of December
ISiiG, respecting the war betwei'n Spain and Portugal,
Cunning had allowed himself to bo carried away by the
torrent of his eloquence beyond tho prescribed bounds.
In a few days after ho iniderlook tho publication of his
own speech, and omitted that part wliicli in cold blood
lie, perhaps, would nut have uttered. The retractation
so surprised me at first, that I could not help saying, in
tho presence of an English gentleman, that " 1 jiad
ihoiight only philosophers and drunken men retracted
what thry had said;" the gentleman replie<l, with the
national imperturbability. " Tliese recantations are just
and proper, because tho oxtomporancous speaker is in a
slate of cxciteinont, wliicli ol'ten curries him beyond
Jiiinself,"
IFo who arrives for tho first lime in England, and
goes to llio house of parliament, runs tho risk of forming
a veiy erroneous idea of the opjiosition party, as occur-
red ill my own case. All the surrounding circnin-
fitanccs conspire to load him into error. In the first
jdace, he sees a hundred or a hundred and twenty op|>o-
sition nu'iiilKTS against four or live hundred. It appears
Iheretbru as if there were an insuperable arithmetical
barriir. lie hears an excellent speech, but it produces
nothing but tho sarcasms of the opposite party. Weak,
and always oior|K>wered by numlicrs, the nieniliers of
the opposition are roiidcmned to serve tho nation with-
out station and without public honours. The chorus
which del ides their olVorts is that, too, which continuallv
sings the prai.-'csof the ministers. It is, then, a useless
martyidom, voluntary and senseless as that which the
Eak( crs impose on Iheinsolves. For what does the op.
imsition sit .' — for the pleasure of saying " No !" It is
nt best a mere professorship of clofpienco. 7'his is what
every one says lo himself on his first view of the party
in opposition. Hut ho soon changes liis opinion wheli
he studies more profoundly the national organisation of
England, and hocoinos fiimiliar with the history of par-
liament. In tho first place, lie perceives that if tho op-
position docs not conquer, it at loa-it hinders tin' enemy
(whoever he may be, liberal or not,) from abusing his
victory, or consnmmaling an unjust conquest. It is
like tho dike of a rivnr, wliieli cannot nnsial its current,
but keeps it in, and compels it to follow its course.
The advantage ol' tho opposition does not consist so
much lu the good that it ell'eols, as in tho evil that it
prevents. It kcups awake lliu altantion, tho patriotism,
tho distrust of tho people ; it propagates in jreiieinl the
right opinions, it is the born protector of tho injured
and the oppressed, tho harbinger of all improvements,
all liberal institutions. Suppose that, by accident, the
opposition is composed of persons in favour of absolute
power: to i)rocure adherents, they will bo obliged to
mask their sentiments, to hold tho language of justice
and freedom, — like those proud and tyrannic Hoinan
patricians, such as the Appii and Opimii, who, to gain
their sutFragcs for the consular dignity, descended to
mix among and to flutter tho common people; or, like
Dionysius, who, when en the throne, crushed out the
very blood of the people, and, when he was hurled from
it, played the bufibon to tho populace, and got drunk in
tho |)ublic taverns. But the action of the minority is
not iminediatc. An opinion cannot be formed and pro-
pagated and popularised in a few months, nor somc-
liinos in a few years. The abolition of tho slave trade
cost Wilberlbrco twenty years of persevering applica-
tion. Every year repulsed, every year he returned to
the assault, printing pamphlets, convening public meet
ings of philanthropists, collecting notices and docu-
ments on the barbarous cruellies practised on board of
the vessels engaged in the horrible traffic, and thus ex-
citing the imaginations and melting the hearts of his
fellow-citizens, he broke at length with tho multitude
into tho temple of justice and triumph. At one period,
Ireland could not carry on a direct commerce with the
English colonies. How many strenuous and how many
fruitless attempts were made before Gratlan, in 1771),
obtained the abolition of this unjust exclusion! How
many times, from the days of Adam Smith downwards,
was the principle of freedom in commorco, now begun
to be followed by tho present ministry, brought forward
by the opposition ! Tlius, parliamentaiy reform, pro-
posed originally by Pill, in tho first days of his career,
when he found himself in the ranks of opposition, is
now beginning to make proselytes within the walls of
parliament, after having made many without. Thui
calholic emancipation is probably on tho |K)int of being
Conceded, af\er so many unsuccessful endeavours to ob
tain it. Thus the abolition of colonial slavery is uno
ther laurel which the op|iosiliun sees at no groat dis-
tance, and will gather in no great length of time. The
English opposition, in this point of view (let it bo well
observed), sets an oxumplc to all nations, all sects, all
p!iilosophcrs,and all authors, for without constancy,
few of them can hope for success.
When a cause is just at tho beginning, wo should
never despair, however often wo may bo repulsed.
Under the blows of perseverance fell the Aristotelian
philosophy of tho scholastics, — fell tho torture and the
in(|uisitiun : under the same blows tyrants will fall, in
every nation, without exeeplion.
It is not true, either, that the opposition is always
unrewarded ; the Irish made their countryman Gratlan
ii present of fil'ty thousand pounds. Fox has statues,
anniversaries, and a club, culled atlcr his name, which
celebrates every year with a banquet and brilliant
s|)eeclics tho day of his birth. Wlion Sir Robert Wil-
son was deprived by tho gnvornnient of his rank of
general, his party indemnified him with an annuity (or
his own lili) and that of his son. Sir Francis Hurdelt,
when ho quitted the Tower after si.x months' imprison-
ment, found prepared fur him hy the |)copIc n triumph-
ant procession more onviablo than that of tho anciont
Romans. When Mr. Wilborfbrco passes through the
crowd on tho day of the o|icning of parliament, every
lino contemplates this littlo old man, worn with age,
and his head sunk on his shoulders, us a sacred relic, as
the Washington of humanity. This is a reward worthy
of Bucli a man, and far beyond all posniblo golden
fleeces, or ull the strango beasts that were ever sot in
brilliants.
Often, too, (without any need of deserting, us Burko
did,) the march of events carries into jniwer the mem.
bers of the opposition. When peace was lo be made
with tho United States, in 178;i, tho ministry which
had sustained and prohingod the war, was obliged to
give place In thoso who had olways opposed it. lu the
samtrmanner, at the |H;acc of Amiens, with the first
consul of France, Pitt, tlio furlunato, tho eloquent- Pitt,
had to yield tho curule chair lo his opiwnents. The
rtsislanco of the np|Kwition is nol usoful lo the nation
alone, but to llio guvorninont itself. Without ii, ovory
administration would soon corrupt, and degenerate into
infamy ; and its oxistenco would bo threatened, oitlioi
uilh a slow-consuming, or a rapid and violent dcstruc-
lioti. Napoleon, nt tho time that every will bont before
hia, wui coni|)ollgd, in ordor lo got at tlio truth, to tulic
sometiines the advice of the op|)osition in his council of
state, rather than that of bis own ministers, as will u^,.
pear npon consulting the sittings of 180!) respecting the
liberty of tho press. In December, 1825, when Mr.
liroughain inrormcd the ministry, that he intended to
propose u rovision of tho law of liliel, a newspaper at-
tached to tho government, which was then opposed to
him, expressed much pleasure at tho circumstance, ob-
serving, that between the two contrary opinions of two
first-rate statesmen, such as Brougham and tho secre-
tary Peel, there would be found a third, which would
roconcilo the interests of the liberty of tho press with
tho claims of justice for the repression of its liccntioua.
ness. While tho nation continues to prosgier under the
principles of the ministry, the opposition docs nolhini/
but prevent its wandering too far from the path ; but
when it feels itself in a stole of suftering and decline
under the existing management of ufTairs, tho natioa
finds other principles at hand, other mon and another
parly already matured, and prepared to guide the vcs-
sel of the state in a difTcrent direction. All republics,
botli ancient and modern, have been perpetually agitated
by the two contrary winds of the aristocratic and doino.
cralio factions, anil althmigh tho former at every sUmi
passed from the hands of one of Ihc.ie |)arlie.i into thosu
of tho other, thoy went on prospering for several centu-
ries, in the midst of tho oscillation produced by tlieso
changes. In a free government, the shock of two pur.
tics, and tho apparent discird, are in reality only a con.
test which shall render the country happy. Filauiiicri
says that this emulation is at bottom nothing belter
thaii tlie love of jiower, but as this power can never bo
attained nor preserved except by promoting the goiierul
good, it can be no very great concession lo call it pn.
triotism. Tho two opposite forces, which oblige free
fiovernment'! lo run along a middle line, aro like those
which regulato the motions of the celestial bodies: op.
position produces the same good ctTects in tho moral
world. All governments deteriorate into tyranny with,
out it : in tho absence of criticism, wliicli is their oppo-
sition, — what would literaturo and tho arls boeuine .'
\Vc should still bo under tho yoke of tho commentators
on Aristotle; — wo should still have the atoms of Epicu-
rus in physics, and the crystal heavens of Ptoluniy in
astronomy. If tho Winkloinanns, the jMcngsies, and
the iMilizias, had nol kept bad taste within its bounds,
painting would have become u curicature, and urclnti cl
lure a. heap of crudities. Except for criticism, llio
Gongorus would still hold the foremost rank in Spain,
the Mariveans in France, the Marinis in Italy: without
Uurctli's "literary scourge," the Arcadia of Rome
would probably bo still in higher esteem than the
French academy, and tho Italians would have hacoino
so many Arcadian shepherds, with their pipes hung
round their necks. Without the struggle between duly
and sacrifice, would there bo any vinue or horoisin in
the world ? What is England itself with regard lo the
rest of Euro|», but "the op|X)sition," which always
throws its weight into the scale on tho side of tho weak
and o]lpro.-^^ed, in order to presorvo tho equilibrium ?
ENtiLANI), THE REFUGE OF THE OPPRESSED.
In London, as well as in almost ull the countrv
towns, there is a society which lius for its object to jiro.
vide a lodging for the houeelcss. Where is tlie wonder,
then, if England is herself the asylum of all tlic imfi.r-
lunate ? Venice, in her days of glor^', was the Banctuiiry
of all the oppressed, whether by kings, by princes, by
republic's, by popes, or by anti|)Oi)es. England, which,
in the iin|>ortance of its commerce, and its doniininii
over the sea, is the Venice of our times, displays flie
same universal hospilalily. Either from justice or IWiiii
policy, or from a sentiment of generosity and a feeling nf
liiT power, she collects under her vast legis ull tfic con-
qucred and the wrecked whoever they may be. There
is scarcely a single nation in Enrojic which is not her
debtor lor protection ufVorded, at one lime or another, to
a mimbcr of its |)ioplc. When commerce decayed in
llu\y, and the usurping princes persecuted the wealthy
merchants, many of these sought refuge in England i
and a street still remains called " Lombard street," be-
(•ause they look uii their residence on that spot. Aficr
tho revocation ol tho edict of Nante.% (more fatal to
Franco than the battle of Blenheim,) thous,inds of
IVench Hugonots trsik refuge in England, and curried
Ihither, amimg many kinds of manufacture not known
iH'forc, that of silk Htutls. He who dm's nol disdain lo
study the history of human vicissitude in the dwclluigs
of' filth and novel ly, should go to Spitalfieldn, wliere ho
will atill find many Froncli nunics among tho weavers,
th
and a street
j' 1,10 tlinrny t
eciit political
Id almost all
veirsaller to
iidliercnts of
lion. And l<
which is grai
|K.lual 1.1W of
iH'iieticcnt gii
f of mankind,
\ from the eye
f ferocity of m
^ |)v (lesiHTatio
" niiilille ages
draw Irom All
deprive the
stale grows g
islicd."
In im, L
kind and evei
have but one
I two; constitut
i Spanish, the A
I republics, pres'
'J of flic biiyonc
I Ipiimb-shell
I ttilli th(^ two I
1 blood, " black
I .Mexico ; and w
4 of letters. Lon
! say, the Bolan
i Ill-roes.
I )Vliat must i
j li.iil seen the pa
4 Madrid and Lis
fill Iiondon, with
l,\r);iielles and
■», .Miiun, &c., jos
.{ambassadors of
-Initli, a sort of r
niiiiieer Merlin
,\\ii:ler, did the 1
.'illie eiichanlcd piJ
Jfrii'iids and foes
ittaireascs, willioi
f At flicir first a:
'«,illrneted a gooii
i'jiiililic. T/ie jieui
|s;iy, boobies, nir
jllieir loilgings to
JiiriM sninc nnccdot
■.icxliiliiting a new
iJvnxlaiid lo any f
ivening party, to
ivo iir tlirci^ hui
^iieliovies in a bai
inovi'. This dive
Id rail them " livii
How sDuu did t
ions and .ill, were
iiD tomb so vast a
illustrious names
'J'lic celebrity of (i
way lilic a fircwi
inil.ilions, emlles
:i\s, and then an
iKt having at tin
Jiiiiiiler, when the
Milling leaf, tie
iioulli, was carriei
Ivilli applause, for
iden. lie was
iVIial tlieu t He
r.i\e closed over
riTily of niivelty;
isliiii.liDIi bctwcei
ncir. They pay
It lliey always n
;'.liaMe'wliidc,"lhal
".\nd after m
liil incessantly jou
Vrs, philosophers,
iters with schemet
V'licines tiir new pa
killi Kcliemcs for
lial none can refits
►'viTty in which ll
|io«c who had oecu
h imblic money ;
THE ITALIAN EXILE IN ENGLAND.
137
it
II his cuuncil of
tern, iiu will ii|i.
) respecliiij; the
82o, wliuii Mr,
li« intended to
newspaimr at-
lliuii opposed to
rcumstaiicc, ub-
oj>iiiioiis nf two
and tho scere-
d, wliicli would
f tho press witli
of its liccntioua.
osiper under the
jn docs nothing
II the path ; but
njT and decline,
'airs, tho iialion
ion and another
guide the vos-
All repullicfi,
pctually agitntud
:ratic and duino.
lor at every »tt'|)
Hirtio!! into those
or several ccnlu-
odueed by thciie
hook of two par-
ality only a con-
ppy. Filanyicri
1 nothing butter
net can never bo
Dting the goiiorul
ion to cull it pa-
iiiiich oblige free
le, aio liko those
)stial l)odio!>: o|>-
cts in tho niuriil
ito tyranny with-
licli is Ihfir oppo-
lio arts bocuinu .'
tho connnentators
c atoms of Lpieu-
!iis of I'toluniy in
c Mongsics, and
^ithin its bounds,
, and urelntic-
criticisin, tho
rank in Spain,
taly : without
rcadia of Rome
teem than the
Id liavo hacomo
loir pipes hung
lo between duly
or horoisin in
1 regard to llic
which alwiiyM
side of tho weak
equilibrium ?
OPPIlESSr,!).
all tlic country
its object to pro-
is llie wondrr,
f all tlic nnfiir-
as the sanctuiiry
by princes, by
Ingliind, whieh,
id its dominion
es, displays the
justice or lioin
and a icclingof
gis all the con-
nay he. Tlii're
■ ich is not Iht
e or another, lo
rcfi decayed in
cil the wealthy
(' in Kngland ;
ard street," be
at spot. After
(more fata! to
thousands of
id, niul carried
irc not known
not (lisilaiu lo
the ilw'i'llinsn
Ids, where no
tho weavers,
I „nd a street still called allcr Ihcjltnr-de-lya (rtowcrs but
■ loo ilinriiy for these poor emigrants.) In tlic more re-
1 ,., lit political storms of Franco, lOngland utfordcd shelter
10 almost all the French nobility and princes ; and a lew
voirs arter to tlie constitutionalists, the republican and the
i •„,'||,orents of Napoleon, in their turn exposed to jiersccu-
i ,j,|„_ And let it lie observed, that an asjlnm like this,
! ,vliicli is granted not by favour or caprice, but by a iht-
'■■ ,K\m\ I.1W of free slates, to ail the opiiresscd, is another
iH'ncliccnl gill of liberty, which, as the eoniinon mother
of iiiaiikiiid, wipes with an impartial hand, tho tears
from the eyes of all her children, and thus assuages the
ferocity of man, which would become still more cruel
hv (IcsiM^ration. Among tho Italian republics of the
ft oiiddlc ages hospitality was so common a virtue as to
i draw from Macliiavel the ma.xini, " Where Iffinishniciits
deprive the cities of men of wealth and industry, one
stiilc grows great by becoming tlic asylum of tlie ban
111 lffl.3, London was peopled with exiles of every
kind anil every country : constitutionalists who would
hiive but one cimmlier, constutionalists who wished for
two • conslilutionalists after the French model, after the
a t^panish, the American ; generals, dismissed presidents of
I republics, presidents of parliaments dissolved at the point
'4 of the bayonet, presidents of cortes dispersed by the
I homh-sheli ; the widow of the negrff king Christophe
I with tlic two princesses, her daughters, of the true royal
I blood, " black luid all black ;" the dethroned emperor of
I Mexico; and whole swarms of journalists, |>nets and men
4 of letters. London was the Klysium (a satirist would
' sav, the Botany Bay) of illustrious men and would-lie
■■ IliTOCS.
What must have been the nstonishment of one who
liiil seen the parliament of Naples, and the two cortes of
.\lailrid and Lisbon, to find himself at the Italian ()(H;ra
ill London, wilh General Pcir-, General Mina, the orators
■ AruMiilles and (jaliano, with tho presidents Isturiez,
' Miiiiri, i^c, jostled and jostling in the crowd with the
ainbiissiidors of their adverse governments? It was, in
tnilh, a sort of magic vision, worthy of the great nccro-
laniuTr Merlin himseli". Often, in the course of that
ttii.lir, did the London Opera house bring to iny mind
llir , iielmiitcd palace in Arioslo, where so many piiliidins,
!'ni lids and foes of each other, ran up and down the
tl.iinascs, without lieing able cither to get out or to fight
At their first arrival, soihe of these wandering cavaliers
.-illnieted a good deal of attention from the English
imlilic. The jjeuple 18 every u'lteie the people ; that is to
siv, boobies, ninnies. The newspaper writers ran to
tiii'ir Imlgiiigs to get the fag end of their lives at least,
iri(,'i some anecdotes. Tho lashionables took a delight in
. ixliiliiting a new ''lion," which is the name given in
tKiiuliiiid to any person of celebrity who is invited to an
■kvcnin^' party, to be shown as tlie wonder of the day to
Jlwo or tlircc! hundred persons, siiucezed together like
smu'liovics ill a barrel, so that one can neither s|H!ak nor
^novi'. 'I'his diversion is called a roH(; but some preler
jtirall lliem "living skeletons,"
IS How sinin did this curiosity pass away I The exiles,
*inMs and all, were speedily buried in oblivion, 'I'licrc is
iici Iciiiib .so vast as London, which swallows up the most
i'lii^trinus names for ever : it has an omnivorous inuw.
'i'hi (I Ichrily of a man in London blazes and vanishes
11 ly like a firework : there is a great noise, numberless
iinii.ilions, endless fiattory and exaggeration, for a few
lliys, iind then an eternal silence. Pnoli and Uumourirr,
llir having at their first apjicarancc made a crash like
iiiiider, when they died excited no more attention than
Silling I'iif. (Jeneial Mina, when ho landed at Ports.
loiilh, was carrii'd to his hotel in trininph, and deafened
Ivilli applaiisi', for a month together, at tho theatre in
iidon. Hi', was more famous than the Neincan lion
Vhiil then / He fell very soon into oblivion, and the
r.ne closed over his name. The English people are
ni'ily of nnvelly ; chililish in this alone, it makes no great
hiiiielion between good and bud, — they want only what
nrir. 'I'hey pay llir the magic liuilern, and pay well,
11 thoy always want fresh figures. To feed this in-
sti.ilile whale, that always paiitM with open jaws, —
" .\nd after meals is hungrier than before,"
til incessantly journalists, engravers, historians, travel
km, philosophers, lawyers, men of letters, poets, — min-
ktors with schemes for new enucfments, the king with
Itliiines I'or new palaces niiil buildings, and the liberals
litli schemes for parliamentary relorin. One iionnur
fiat none can refiise to the constitutional exiles, was the
iTty ill which they were all plunged, not excepting
liosc who had occupied postRof importance, and handled
It public monvy [ Scnor Gatiiino, who hod Inicn minia-
ter of finance at t'ordova, and the organ of the govern,
iiient in the tlortes for above a year, I often met in
the streets on his return from a walk of tour miles to
give a lesson in Spanish; to preserve the independence
of his spirit, he had the national pride to decline the
pension oti'ered by the I'^nglish government. A Iriend
of mine one day surprised poor Arguelles in his room in
the dctof mending his Irowsers, — tliat Arguelles who had
been thrice a nieniber of the corles, — in l^ild and \f2'3,
and. had filled the high ofilee of minister for foreign
attairs; on whoso ' divine'* lips it may be said that ypaiii
depended, so great was his political wisdom, and the
lluency of his eloquence. I had seen these two repre.
sentatives of the SSpanish nation, on their leaving the
cortes of Madrid, tlie day they answered the threatening
notes of the Holy Alliance, born in triumph to their
carriages on the shoulders of a people, intoxicated with
joy and admiration !
In the next spring the widow of General Hiego died in
London, consumed more by grief than by the English
climate, which was ncverthel'-'ss too severe for her VNcak
state of hc.ilth. i\ll the emigrants were invited to her
funeral, which took place at the catholic eliapel in Moor,
fields, within the city of Lon^lon. I fulfilled with a sen-
timent of pity this last sad office towards a family with
which I had been connected in tho boiuls of friendship.
I shall always remember with pleasure having been the
bearer of some letters from Cadiz, written to this virtuous
lady by her husband, the hero and martyr of the Spanish
revolution. Four ministers of the constitutional cx.go-
vcrnment held the pall ; very few among the mony linn,
dred exiles had been able to provide tliemsclves with
mourning; and this in England, where llie very poorest
of tho jieople are able to show this great mark of decency
and respect. On this occasion, however, the poverty of
the mourners, if its cause be taken into consideration,
formed the most appropriate and aftecting ornament of
the ceremony.
To bring about a revolution requires such sacrifices,
such acts of courage, such entliusiasni, that those who
undertake it must bo gifted with an imagination and
witl| feelings far above the comiiion level. Hence it is,
that in those great events which present, as it were, a
nation in convulsion, so many ]>roniineiit and striking
characters arc produced. Witliout revolutions, the linea-
ments of the great families called nations, would be more
uniform, and less expressive. 'I'hc strongest marked
physiognomies of these families appear in violent tem-
pests. 'I'he revolution called the reforniation, in Gcr.
niimy; that of the parliament in England, the last in
France, &.C., have formed entire galleries of characters
licrfectly new and original. I had an opportunity of
verifying my ehservations among the brothers in exilt
with whom I was acquainted. In the composition of
persons who have been engaged in a revolution may he
discovered, in a greater or less degree, much imagination,
a quick sensibility, a high ambition, vanity still higlier
than true ambition, and exlreinc inquietude and irrita-
bility. It is no wonder, therefore, that where such ele-
ments abound, we should find dift'erences, quarrels, and
tlispiites without end, excessive lamentations over dis-
apiKiintment, instances of heroism and extraordinary
virtue, nnheard-of rriines, and inexplicable changes from
fidelity to the falsest trenchery. I w'll hero sketch some
of the more remarkable elinracters, of whom I acquired
a better knowledge, during their adversity in London,
than I could have done when tlieir passions were in full
fervour.
Senor Franco of Valencia is a Spanish patriot who, to
1)0 useful to his eomilry, and to ac(|uire that influence
over his fellow-citizens which neither birth nor riches
nor extraordinary tilents coiifer/cd upon him, devoted his
Ul'e to virtue, and,
" I'lider tho shield of conscious purity,"
carried about his poverty in triumph. Humble, indeed,
though always decent in his dress ; sober, although some-
times giving way to iiKhilgonec at tho table of some
opulent friend, or occasionally at another ; us a judge
bold, decided, and inexorable. Six years of exile eon.
sumed in atleinpts and stratagems lo prepuru tliat mine
which was destined in 18'J0 to spring, and demolish tlie
alisolnte government of Ferdinand the Scvenlli, were
reiiiunerated by the cortes with a pension which was his
only iKttrimony. Of strict honour in all his dealings, of
inviolable secrecy, scrupulous to an extreme of injuring
the reputation of others ; — his testimony was eften ad.
milted to be decisive even by his enemies. Hj was
soiiietinies selected as tho arbiter between two contend-
* An epiiliii h<!lnur(l I'y the ISngliali who heard hhii ipcak In
the corlen ul' Cadiz, in IflS.
ing factions, and w hen the good of his country was eon-
cerned, would, like a second Friar Savonarola, fuhniiiate
his wrath even against his bosom frii'iids. Full to tho
brim of love of eonntry, lie harangued at dinners, in the
theatre, in the streets, and in llie shops, at once inex-
liauslible and indefatigable; and, as his passion for liberty
was the only spirit that eonld actuute him, — as he was
always free Ironi interested views, from every kind of
iimbition, his siK'eches sparkled in every part wilh
original, picturesque, and fiery expressions. Knowing
at the lime of the war of independence the obstinacy of
the prince, he had advised his eonnlrymen to ofier the
thrfinc to the duke of Wellington, adducing the example
of Sweden, which at that very nioment was placing the
crown on the head of a marshal of France. To get rid,
if possible, of Ferdinand, he went to Rome lo otter, in
the name of his fellow.citizens, the sceptre of Spain once
more to t'liarles the Fourth upon certain conditions. By
the foi\c of this t'alo-like spirit alone, he had attained to
an iniportanc',- among his countrymen to which many
others, with more ambition, and superior means, had not
been able to arrive. After tlic fall of the constilulional
system in Spain, I saw him again in liondon, with the
multitude of other emigrants, not in the slighlest degree
crest-fallen. Nothing in London took his attention ; it
sceincd as if his mind still remained in Spain. He ran
through the streets of London as though he were still in
the t'allc do la Montcra at Madrid. B<'ggared, but not
begging, cxeejit sometimes a trifle to pay tor his bed and
a porringer of milk, — almost his only nourishment, —
forced to lie a-bed in winter because he could not attbrd
to pay for firing, this virtuous tribune of the people did
not yet believe his mission ended; he harangued when
he could, and as much as he could. His eloquence was
heightened by the events and misfortunes that had oc-
curred. But when, from these sublime raptures he re-
turned to himself, and, retiring from the theatre of the
world, to which his fancy carried him, east his eyes on
his dress, on the cold and naked walls of his chamber ; —
when he was constrained lo extend his hand for the
wretched |K'iision of tlic Enghsh government, that he
might eat and live, — jiassioiiately then did lie exclaim,
" Thanks be to religion, that ordains every sacrifice, and
rewards me for all. Witliout that, I should long ago
have spurned virtue from me : sec where this syren has
for a second time conducted me, — the shipwrecked
sailor of revolution, without friends, w itliout assistance,
without even fame! — in the midst of a foreign nation
wallowing in wealth, and valuing only riches and pros-
perity. Without religion, I should have faltered a
Ihousaiid times in the patli of duty, for virtue alone was
not a suflieient compass to direct my course of action in
the midst of a sea of contamination!"
To feel tlic greater interest in this man, one should
know that liefore the revolution he had been a friar. He
left his cloistered prison because the gales were thrown
open to him, but he preserved his fidelity to his vows,
and to God. He lived amongst the disciples of Rousseau
and Voltaire without restraint or mistrust, and, witliout
reproving tlieiii, did not blush to a\ow to their liices the
religious sentiments which he so deeply felt. He would
have sounded the praises of religion before Iliogoras, or
Spinoza, or Uiderot. I recollect another afl'eetiiig re-
lleetion being made one day in the midst of the pressure
of poverty. " It is noble," said he, " lo sull'er on a great
theatre where the applauses of spectators, the trumiiet of
lame, encourage you to endurance. Every torture then
brings with it its consolation and its reward ; but the true,
the most poignant, tlie purest uft'erings, tempered by no
relief, are not those of the hero, or the illustrious martyr,
but of such obscure atoms as I, who sufle'r such heart,
aches for lilierly in obscurity, forgotten by all the world 1"
Those who are aeiaistonied to behold wilh admiration
the stoic impassibility which will bleed to death without
even breathing a sigh, will perhaps think these lumeiita.
lions not consislent with philosophical ilecoriim. 'I'hose
on the other hand, who admire tlie heroes of Flomer and
the Greek tragedies, who now weep like eliildreii, now
fight liko (I'oils, will find these bursts of nature full of
(ruth, and think him iicrhaps more inleicsling, wim
complains indeed amid the throes of grief, but still (ri.
umphantly pursues the path of duly.
The first lime I saw at Madrid tlio silver-tongued
G , he was dressed in a green camlet cloak, a
straw hut, a pair of dust coloured sIkh's, and I know not
what else. Ho seemed a.s if he had copied the toilette
of u parrot. I went to tho hall of the cortes to hear
liin, and lie appeared to me a second t'ierro. He speaks
extem|K)r!iiieously with the siune elegance and facility
with which a mentbcr of Iho Spanish iiradcmy would
write. 1 met him a evcoad time, and examined him
1 1
V: 1 • i'''.t
m
■iA.
•'1
■.3j
. I,
4 'A'"^'^''''
138
THE ITAMAN EXILE IN ENCJLANP.
i m^m..
». v.. ■,••••'
»-.»-
r-. >
inori' narrowly. I Ibiiiiil liiiii u littU', k'nii, sliiirt-si^'liU:>l
luai), iiii'^linily on )iis li'K") — i» vi'ry ilcvil-oii-two-xticks,
I wt'iit thai i-vt'iiiny; (o lit'ar liini from tlic [H'ltplf's ^ '-
Icry, ami In' apiiranil to inc a fjiaiil that with the IIiuikIit
of his t'loiiiu'nco niiijht havr r'liaki'ii Olyniiiiis. 'J'wo
inontlis afUTwards I met liiiii in Iiondon, uncnrrupl,
inaceLssihU- to every kind of scdnctionf luu.'hanj^od, and
unelianjrialdt' ; he sicmed then a Clato. 'I'liis n.an is a
speeies of Sphinx ; he is a mixture of beinties and de.
fects: vaiiifflorious in tlie extri'ine, hnt always ri'ady to sa-
crifice his self-lino at the altar of liis eoinitry; (;i\(ii lo
j)leasure, yet of a candid mind, and free from otienee.
The Knj;lish (rovernment };ranted a pension lo all the
nicnd)er.s of the cortes; he w.is the first to refuse it. In
the meanwhile, lie honestly solil his pen to the literary
journals. One of the ijreat haders of Spain was the first
in Ijondou to bow to tiie yoke of fate, and became a
tcaelicr of languages rather than bow to the yoke of
man. lie is a boaster, but I never heard him boast of
the sacrifices lie had made to his country. To jrive one-
(iclf lip to one's country, is in his eyes a bare duty, not a
virtue. I nc^ver heard liiin cither lament over, or sigh
for, the coml'orts of this —
" life iiiori" overcast than 'tis serene,
This mortal life, of direst envy full."
IIo soonis invulnerable cither by fortune or by man.
Another exile with whom I was loiiir acquainted, was
the Count Santorre di Santa Rosa. His name had been
connected with the Picdmontcse revolution, but the na-
tion which admired the few acts of his ministry, had not
lime to appreciate his virtues as a citizen, and his talents
as a statesnmn. Whoiuer lived under the same roof
with him, could not avoid being the belter for it. The
very judfjes who pronounced sentence of dcalli upon
him, would have revoked it, if they had known the pu-
rity of his heart. lie was one of those men who are
born to faseinatn all around them, and lo make follow-
ers. Eloquent, of a enllivated mind, brought up in a
camp during the first years of his youth, under the eye
of the colonel his father; buta lover of solitude, that he
might give himself up lo study and tontcmplatioii, he
joined a military frankness lo the holy enlhusiasni of
the hermit. A good companion, a warm friend, an ex-
cellent host, he created around him more genial inorri-
inent, with no licpior hut water, than others, assisti .. by
all the inspiration of the bottle. Although lie lielii no
higher rank in the army than that of lieutenant-colonel,
yet all eyes were fixed upon him as a man who would
do unheard of things. Flis mind was as pure as his life.
IIo loved lilierly, not only tor its eflecls, but also as a
sublime and poetical state of existence. At the same
time, nevertheless, he loved monarchy ; he w islied, so to
speak, to worship liberty in her temple, with a king for
high priest. In Constantinople he would have adored
liberty alone, as in Phil idelphii he would have voted liir
a king; he loved a king, through his love of liberty, be-
cause he believed a king lo he the guarantee of liberty
with order. He was enamoured of the iiislory of his
country, and a warm admirer of the military monarchy
of Piedmont, not that he would not have corrected its
CJolhic defects ; but he admired it as one admires an old
suit of polisheil steel armour, which is no longer useful,
but still dazzling. He fell for the diminutive kingdom in
which ho was born, the same alieetion which is shown
by the citizens of small repnblies. Thus, although he
could speak both rrenuli and Italian with singular clc-
gance, lie delighted locoinnume with his fellow country-
men entirely in the Picdmonlcso dialect ; it was his
Ranz dr$ I'achcs. It will, Iherolbre, excite no surprise
that ho was inclined to an aristocratic constitution.
When I saw him for the first lime in Turin bet'orolhe
rovululion, he was in favour of two chambers of repro-
BCiilalives; I said to him, "Let ua deter that (luestion
till after the triumph ; in the mean time, rest assured of
this, that, till the talisman ot the Spanish constitution i
displayed, the majority of the Italians will not stir."'
-After a short pause, he riiplied in a rosolute tone, " If it
be 80, let us defer this important quostion lo a better op-
iwrtimity, and grasp the Spanish constitution only as
a lever to raise degraded Italy from the wretched slavery
in which she is plunged." Phero are few examples of
no manly and generous a sacrifice of individual opinion
to that of the many.
England was for him an iiioxhaustiblo field of obser-
vation ; ho studied her institutions as the ancients stu-
died the laws of Crete, and thoy pleased him the more,
that the aristocratic principle being predominant in
tlioni, their success in practice was a splendid confirma-
tion of his |H>litical speculations. Nor would ho perhaps
have abandoned this laud of liberty, nor that firo which
is never queneheil, had nrit hearts, tbrined lo strive lor
fiiinc, awakened him from his lite of repose at .Notting-
haui, to combat tor the liberation of (Jrecce. His iiilense
love of liberty was inllamed by a tincture of religious
enthusiasm: lie went totJrecco with the courage and
the devotion of a true crusader. If ho had been able to
speak the language, he would liave inoculated his Ibl-
lowers with his oiilhusiasm ; he had a crossalways liiiti!.'
round his neck, and he astonished tlie jmliMii willi
whom ho went to Xavarino, by tlourishing his sabre
with one hand, and displaying his cross iu the other,
while he translated for them tlio verso of Tasso —
" For country all is lawful, and for faith."
He died as he had lived, a brave man, with arms in his
hands, fiicc to face with the Kgyptians, as they landed
in the island of Spliacteria. He could not havo had a
more honourable death nor a mere hoiionrahle grave.
The slaughter of the Turks and the Kgyptians, soon
after at tho battle of Navarino, the SOlli of October
1827, was a hccaloinb which expiated his death, and the
eonllagrution of that barbarian fieel the noblest funeral
pile that could be reared to his unburicd bones!
ROADS.
The prosperity and civilisation of a country may be
estimated in a hundred difiireiit ways. Some measure
it by the [wpulation, some by the quantity of money in
eirculalion ; this by the state of its literature, and that by
the state of its language. David Hume said, that where
good broad-cloth is made, astronomy is sure to be known,
and the sciences to be cultivated. Sterne, from the liy-
berpolc of the barlKr who dressed his wig, and the finery
of the Parisian gloveress, deduced two qualities of the
French nation, one amiable, and the other ridiculous.
Pangloss, when he was shipwrecked on the coast of Por-
tiig:il, drew the inference, from the sight of men hanging
ill chains, that he was in a civilised country. Why may
we not also draw an inference of the civilisation of a coun-
try (Voin the condition of its roads ? Where there are no
roads, or but few, however magnificent, we may take ij for
grant! d that there arc few or no books, few or no maiiii-
fiietures, many and unjust laws, few legislators or only
one, a great many friars and very few learned men, many
miracles and little money. Whoever has travelled iu
"iirope, iiiiist have seen with his own eyes the truth of
this doctrine. IJussia, Poland, 'i'urkey, (.irecce, Transyl
vaiiia, Hungary, Croatia, liukovinia, Spain, and Portugal,
which arc certainly the lea.sl civilised |iortioiis, arc also
those which have the tew est roads. In the Pelo|)onnesus,
where, when poems, tragedies, and histories, were writ-
ten, there were so many roads and cart tracks, there is
now no longer a carriageable road ; not in the whole
kingdom of the king of men, Agameumon : —
" Of countries vast the ruler sole-supreme,
The best of kings, in war snpremi ly brave 1"
who lii.il Automedon I'nr his charioteer, the best coacli-
iiiaii in all (irrece. From Velez-lMalaga to Grenada, in
the once wealthy kingdoms of the Arabian dynasties,
there is no other road than a precipitous mule track.
From the city of Mexico to Guatemala, there is nothing
that can be called a road. To get over the twelve hun-
dred miles of iiilervi iiiiig distance, the deputies from
(Guatemala, when that republic was united to IMexico,
were obliged to undertake four months' disastrous tra-
velling. From Omoa to (Jnatemala it is the same ■ —
to traverse these tlirie hundred and filly miles, takes
sometimes from six to seven months, iu the case of the
lr;iiis|K)rtalion of nicrchandise on the backs of mules.
The other Spanish American colonics all alike had over-
fi'w roads, and over-much wretcliciincss, ignorance, and
8U|>erstition.
tJn the contrary, France, Germany, and Italy, have
more roads and more civilisation, and Fiigland has more
roads and canals, than all the rest of lOuroiK' put toge-
ther, — and more civilisation. I remember seeing in M.
Dnpin's work on lOngkiiid, that the total length of its
roads and canals, in propurlioH lo its extent of surface,
is very much greater than that of the roads and canals
of France. iWs not the eomparative civilisation of the
two countries stand |M'rliaps in the same scale? Let
Ihe same comparison be made between the roads anil
canals of the north of Italy and those of the kingdom
of Naples, and the same result will be obtained.
This is not a mere casual coincidence, — it is an un-
failing efl'eet of an inliillible ennse. From the want of
ea;iy cominuiiicution, men remain disjoined and isolateil ;
III! 11 minds grow cold, their spirit Hltmibers, they feel
no I'luulation, tlicy experience not the spur of the neces-
sity lor satisfying new desires, have little moral develcjh.
iiieiil, energy, or activity. This is the reason why n^
reiHiblican, or the citizen of a free state, is of a fervid
aniiualcd, and enterprising spirit, because he lives and
moves in a mnltiUide ; while the subject of an absolute
monarchy, where the population is usually scanty, aiij
scattered over a large surface, becomes dull and drowsy
not more from the terror than tlie isolation in which l»
lives. When men are brought nearer lo each other, l-
means of roads, canals, steam vessels, suspiiiKiui,
liridges, rail ways, and (would fate consent) air ballodi.j
they will waken up, their ideas, their desires will mui.
liply, and their energy and intelligence in proportifjn.
Wliy is a eomilryinan neciwsarily less active and iiitiUi.
gent than a citizen / Why the inhabitant of a siiiaj]
town less so than the inhabitant of a great capita! ! Itt-
cause the mixing and rubbing together of men is less.
It would appear that tho development of the hiiinan
mind is in the combined pro|)orlion of the mass of nun,
and the velocity of their intercourse. I will quote, ig
illustration of this, two licautiful similes of Verri in Ins
Meditjilions on Political Economy (now at length known
and esteemed by the Knglish). — "A blade of common grass
mowed down in the meadow is a piece of inert niatlcr,
while it remains isolated, or only collected in a small
mass ; but let a large heap of these blades of grass !«
piled up, and a feimcntation will be observed lo lake
place, — heat will bo unfolded, — a motion propagated
throughout tho mass, which will at lengtl» take fire, and
blaze up till it illumes the horizon." — " A buiirli of
grapes, by itself, or with only o few others, discharpos
itself of II mere dreggy matter ; but when a large quan.
tity is coiuprcbsed, the mutual impinging of the iiifinitj
volatile particles agitates the whole mass, elTervesccnce
is everywhere produced, and a liquor distils from i!
which fills the aliiiosphcre with fragrance, and the veins
of him who drinks it with lit'c and youth ! Such is tin
picture of mankind." For the lovers of similes, I will
add another. Men, those pebbles of Deucalion, arc ev
actly like flints, which never throw out fire until tlnj
are struck together.
Straight roads and symmetrical cities, betray a dts.
I>olic jiower, caring little or nothing for the rights of
jiropcrty. An u.-idcviating right line is like tlie swort
of Alexander, w ilh which he cut the Gordian knot, wlitn
he found it impossible to untie it. 'I'nrin and Ucrlin.
the two most regularly built cities in Europe, rose uiidrr
the word of command from two military monarcli9;and
who docs not discern in the intcrniinable straight roads
of France and Poland, the arbitrary hand which m«>\
have made them so '( On the contrary, in Englane,
that ancient land of liberty, the streets arc crooked, lull
of ins and outs, and most of the cities arc mere heap)
of habitations, built without a plan, as necessity or ca.
price dictated, not composed of files of houses, drawn
out in line with the regularity of so many battalions of
soldiers. Yet the English love order, celerity, and tco.
noiiiy : true, — but it appears that hitherto he has above
all these ever respi cled the rights of jiroperly. So iiu.
nierous arc the windings of the public roads inEiiplaiid,
as to render a deduction necessary to be made, in strict
justice, in favour of France, from the proportioiip laid
down by M. Dtijiin, to which I have before adverted.
The footpath that always runs ahing the sides of tlie
streets in the towns, and many of the roads in the coun-
try as well, shows tliat the people arc respected and re-
s|M.'clal)le. 'I'lierc are canals for nicrchandise, the mid-
dle of the highway for those that ride, and the fi)ot|)alli
for those who walk. The footway is the triumph of dp
mocracy. 'I'he lower class is not, as in other cciiinlrii*,
quite disinherited ; it has its own portion, small, indeed,
but inviolable. On the continent, instead, the roadi
seem only made for the rich and for the horses.
Which is the best nie'hod of obtjiining good rnadu,
that is, not only highways, but also cross-roads, llial,
like the veins of the human body, run in every dircc.
lion, and conjoin in one whole, the largest cities witli
the remotest villages ! Is the system of tolls, or that of
a public sn|)eriiitendence supiRirtcd by the taxes, llie bel-
ter ? Verri says, " Every payinent uniioscd on tlic pa?
sage of roads, or the trans|)ort of goods, such as tolls,
taxes on carls and carriagiis, has the efl'eet of rnff(i/i»s
the popnlalion, and renderhig parts of it more isidutrd.
Smith, oil the other sidi', niaintains the utility and the
justice of turnpike;., observing that this tax, or toll,
though it is advanci'd by the carrier, is finally paid k
the consumer, to wliuiii it must always he charged in
the price of the gooils. As the expense of carriap,
however, is very much reduced by means of such public
works, the goods, notwithstanding the toll, cumccliea|«i
to the consumer than they could otherwise have done;
I CI
tliiir prii-e i
Imvireil liy
who filially
lalioii iiinre
jiiiyiiient is i
re.ilily, no II
obliged lo gi
iiii|)o.ssil)le to
a la.v-"
However
dic'v limy bol
Virri is ll
lillif milliner
and iiiereliiiiii
c.\|ieMses ot
roads ? Iiisti
cniii|detely an
cvislince. K
Ininsil is ran
liiriipiki's, bill
Tilt' opiiiioi
country like V
111' constnicted
coiiiiMiiiiicatio
by means of I
roads, and kee
1 am perfect
tlic rei:;H of Ji
I TV pniviileiit
"till' I'lnglish la\
:;cill''nl tli,aii ou
ftliirnl fnini Al
pinn. As the;
jfl ri nee iiiiisl si
: I ii'peat that
biailr ai'.d iiiiiii
^vliirli serve ol
;a[i(i vill.igi^ won
|f!ir Ilic trouble o
jii:iiiit.'iiiied as (
r, nimiiiig Ih
'rcqin iitcil by tr.
out tile toll-s.
Ill tlie part of tl
wonilered at
beir operation a
.liniwii upon Ihe
Jliriii. The cons
||liro this tax can
JMIllrll, it is alw
|t sli ill cease wit
hii\i ri.'inilinr.sed
tji' cuiisequeiitly
s liiiind nece.s.sar
Wliy, it may b
aiii tlir principal
lie tolls ' IJeeai
bat llie tolls won
)!' biinir niily a tl
voiilil beciniie a ^
iii'iil liiis MO ollie:
iiid iiiipiirtiality,
its eotiresvions.
it is to he ke
^nil canals in ]'
leans of tolls. '
iilbiiig; liiit it hi
111 tilings alone.
■I' iiimimerable,
liii'li there have
ixly yiors. Tin
very ilii'eition, in
lowiil to take.
ioiibb' the usual r.
1 fii'ilily, uiid a
real I'oiivenieiice
allli- It eamiol
like system is all
ri'ali'st is the nui
111' nii|di)yed in
wliieli till' passe
ay al every turn
iliabitaiits of tiic
ay> ; flieie are al;
I'ivers, and soineli
II' fanners of the
'ii'iidvniit.'iges to I
alimee the others
111 llio lll-.st placr
Sslribiilod among
llic e.xleiil of
■Ji'';
THE ITALIAN EXILE IN ENGLAND.
139
ittle moral ilcvelo|i.
10 reason why Hit
ate, is of a lirvid,
cause he lives aiul
cct of an al)soluic
igually scanty, and
39 (lull and ilrtmgy,
)latiou in which |i,.
;r lo each other, \,\-
/CSScls, SUSllCllsiijii
insent) air hiillodi,.,
r desires will iim!.
•uce in proiKirticn,
3s active anil intiUi.
lahitant of a siiiail
. great capita! ( Hi-
her of men is less.
lent of the Imiiiim
)f the mass of nun,
•. I will quote, ill
liles of Verri in Ins ^
low at length Unown
lade of common gran
lecc of inert mallet,
oUccted in a Kiiiali
blades of grass be
be observed to tike
motion propagaltd
lengtli take fire, anil
on." — " A bundi of
r others, discharges
t when a large quan.
nging of the iiilinik
; mass, eflerveaccnce
iquor distils from it
'ranee, and tlic veins
youth ! Such is tlir
LTs of similes, 1 will
if Deucalion, arc n-
' out fire until tliev
cities, betray a dis
ng for the rights oi
inc is like tlic sworil
e Gordian knot, wkn
Turin and Uerlin,
in Europe, rose undn
ilitary monarchs ; and
jinable straight roads
ry hand which nius;
liitrary, in Enplane,
eets arc crooked, I'liil
litics arc mere he«|s
, as necessity or ca.
|es of houses, (lra»B
;o many battalions o(
er, celerity, and ceo.
litlierto he has alwve
of property. So nu.
ilic roads in Eiiplaiid.
to be made, in strict
the proiiortioiip laid
|c before adverted,
ling the sides of llio
le roads in the cnnir
irc rciipceted ami re-
lerchandise, the mid.
file, and the footiialh
[is the triumph ol'ile-
,8 in other rcnnlriif.
irlion, small, imleoJ,
instead, the roadi
the horses,
itaining good rnaili,
Iso crosH-roads, tliil,
run in every ilirtc
largest cities with
111 of tolls, or thai of
•y the taxes, Iho liel-
im|K>sed on the |«.<-
nods, such ai* tolls,
jc effect of rarffyi'i'f
lof it more isdlalfil.
Ili(^ utility luid lilt
It this tax, or lull,
, is finally paid I?
■ays be charged in
|xpense of eairiafe,
?ans of such publit
• toll, come eho«|W
fherwisc have done;
iiucli raised liy the tiill, as it is
IVe
ilitlli'
land
|e.\|H
I III
Itunipi
their prii-e imt Ik iiig so in
Imireil I')' ""^' '■li™l""'«« "' "'*^ carriage. I lie person
who finally pays this tax, therefore, gams by the nppli-
riliun ninie (ban he loses by the payment of it. Ills
invment is exactly in propinlum lo his gam. It is, in
reililv, no more than a part of that gum winch he is
uliliirii'l lojl've "P ill order to get the rest. It seems
iiiiiiussihlc to iiiiiiginc a more eiiuitabic method of raising
" ilowever discordant these two opinions may npiiear,
•lu-V iiiiiy both I'o correct in dill'ereiit eases. That of
rri is'lhe just o'"' '" '^ t'ountry of little activity, ami
eoiiiineree and re.sort. li" the passage of carriages
iicrehandise 1m' rare, how can the turnpikes pay the
iisis of the eonstrue.tion and iiiaiiitenanee of the
roads? In.slead of this, they would lessen, or pi'rhaps
'cnniidelely annihilate the little intercourse already in
csislinee.' Knglaiid itself in those few districts w here
Ilraiisit is rare, does not l"ollow the general system of
I, but sets ill motion that uf parochial rates.
The opiniou of Smith also is just, in reference to n
Iconnlrv like England, from a survey of whose condilion
K constructed most of his theories, — where the internal
iconiniunicalion is so vast, that in a few years it refunds,
lliy ine.iiis of the tolls, all the ex|Knses of making the
itoails, and keeping them in repair.
[ I am perfectly well aware that Lombardy has, since
i1li( reisH of Joseph the Second, licen in possession of a
ivirv |iriivi(leiit code of laws ibr the formation of roads ;
'tlie' English laws, nevertheless, are perhaps no less ex-
ifellinrthan our own in this particular, as may be ga-
?1li( red from M. Uupin's work, in which they arc all
giviii. As these do not come within iny scope, this rc-
IfeniKO must siilliec ; — I resume my former subject.
? 1 repeal that the whole of the English roads are not
Jliiade av.il maintained by means of turnpikes. Those
Avhieli serve only for coiiimunicating between village
itml village would not in some cases pay the gatekee|)er
Ifir llir trouble of taking the toll. These, therefore, arc
iniiiilained as cconoinieally as possible. Those, liow-
' r, riniiiing iM-tween cities of largo trade, and mud
[111 iited by travellers, are kept up by means of farm-
. , out the tolls. 'J'lie erection of turnpikes is optional
Jiirtlie part of the municipal authorities, but it is not to
«duilered at that they all adopt them, beciiiise by
jflieir opiialion a share of the exiicnsc of the roads is
llirown upon the giHids and passcngt^rs that make use of
,lilii 111. The consent of parliament is indispensable be-
^,tn- Ihis t.ax can be imposed, and, when this consent is
i;r,iiili (I, it is always .accompanied by the condition that
ft skill cease within a certain time after the proprietors
|i,i\r leinihursed their outlay, with interest. These tolls
(10 e.mseiiiiently temporary, and liable to rise or fall us
is |)iinul neees.sary.
Wliv, it may be asked, does not the governinent main-
lain the principal roads, and alVcrwards repay itself with
[lie tolls ? lieeau.se, by ibis method, it is to be feared
lliat the tolls would become a perpetual tnx,uiid, instead
f hriiig only a transitory imposition to pay a debt, it
oiilil Ineoine u source of (h^c illation. Where a govern-
hienl lias no other direct interest than those of justice
Lid iiiiparliulity, it takes care to .set impassable bounds
\n its eoiieessions. It fi.vcs unalterably the toll, and the
■ it is to be kept up. All the great roads, bridg<w,
canals in England, were made and paid for by
bieans of tolls. The government has done, as it were,
lliiiig; hilt it baa done the best it cmild ilo-— it has
' lit tilings alone." All the canals, which in England
►re innninerable, were consfrueted by companies, of
iliieh there have been more than fif\een within the last
li\ty years. These have dug and opened canals in
kver'y iliiietinn, on the faith of the toll they were to be
^lioweil to take. The shareholders have gained almost
iilde the nsiial rate of interest j commerce an inereas-
fd tlieilily, and a great saving of time ; the i«il)lie. a
treat eonvenienee ; and the whole country incalculable
allh. It eannot be pretended, however, that the lurn-
biki' system is altogefher free frrmi drawbacks. '\'h
►realest is the number of unprodiicing persons obliged
I lie employed in taking the tolls, and the inconveiiience
I whieli the passengers are put, in having to stop and
►ay at every turn (the stagecoaches, however, and the
iilialiitanis of the neighbourhood, pay weekly, on Satur-
lay) ; there arn also frequent embezzlements by llii! re-
leivers, and sometimes immoderate profits arc made by
lie larmerK of file toll, or the trustees of the road : but
lie advantages to be placed ill the opposite scale over-
)alanee the othiTS most decidedly.
Ill the llrsl place, flio oxpcnsesof f lie road are exuefly
listriliuted ainnng those who iiiako use of it, according
llio e.xlont of their trullic. Tho mountuinecrs of
Wales, for example, who hardly ever leave their native
province, do not contribute a farthing towards paying
ibr the beaufiful road from London to Liverpool, which
they neither use nor wear out. This way is also steady,
d independent of state fiivouritism or state events : if
the expense be made to fall on the governmenf, it may,
perhaps, alter its policy, may be more partial to one
province than another; now it may bo too active, now
too indolent; at one time too profuse, ut nnother too
sparing; or, which happens oftoiiest of ull, it may injure
by caprice, or devote to other piirpo.ses, tho funds iii-
leiiiled Ibr this de|)urtinciit. Even the best constituted
novcrmncnls may be forced, by an unforeseen war. or a
thousand other accidents, to employ the money other-
wise than it ought to be. Charles 111. of Spain made
•^oiiie magnitieent roads,— his successors n'l; lectod them.
When the roadsare under the charge of t' . trovernmcnt,
they get better and worse several times ill a century ;*
nlicn they are under the control of those who make use
of llinm, llicro is no reason why the • i.ould be allowed
lo lull into decay.
When a government undertakes those matters, utility
is too often sucritieed (o display. What is tho use of
those ample rouds in France, which, as M. Say wittily
observes, "are twice as wide as they ought to be, and
lead to a capital whose streets are not half so wide as
lliey ought to be 1" Charles lU., with the money he
spent on the great road from Iruu to Madrid, and from
.Madrid to Seville, iiiigbt, if he had spared something of
their Castilian pomp, have opened a carriageable road
to Corunna, which is still wanting, and levelled the pre.
cipitous road that leads to I'orliigal.
When the roads arc made by the public, there is no
tinsel, no flatteiy about the thing, livery one pay
every one is interested, every one points out what is
wrong, every one is on the watch. When they are
iiiude by the goveriiment, they are baptized with the
name of some prince, and what is, in reality, contributed
by the nation, is s|K)kcii of as the free gift of " the
powers that be.'' .Many may complain, but few are
heard, and rarely, indeed, is the matter looked to.
Tho aid of government is necessary until the tralKc
on the roads is risen to a moderate height. Up lo that
moment, I agree with Verri, it can and ought to iiiuke
the roads; Imt as soon as things are in a piopcr train,
and the trafllc is sullicicnt to re|)uy the expenses within
a certain time, 1 agree with Suiilb, that the system ol
tolls is preferable.
When they nre once establishnd, the benefits arising
from roads will soon become iinniense. Scarcely have
they become smooth and commodious bcfoio carts and
oaclies change their Ibrms, and lake ethers more airy
and elegant; lighter and more handsome lior.sos are
used, lioeauso the roads do not fatigue them so much.
.More commodious inns are set up, and furnished con-
stantly with fresh provisions, because inlercoursc is
more f'roqueni, and consuuiption quicker; better shcl.
tercd stabling will be necessary, more skilful and atfen-
tive grooms. An English sfagecoach, which carries
eighteen passengers, skims along, drawn by four excel-
lent horses, with a coachman dressed like a gentleman.
It makes tlie spectator tremble and wonder at the same
time, when he sees such a mountain of "men and
tilings" rush by, on a very ticklish balance. If the
roads were bad, instead of good, all must change; the
scene I have just descrihed would disappear, becuiise,
on a bad road, a carriage so loaded would break down,
or upset, before it could stir a step ; the friction would
be much greater ; it would be necessary to have more
and heavier horses. All these ameliorations are a chain
which depends on a single link, and that link is — Ihe
road. All who travel in Spain fly into a passion at first,
and aflervvards cannot help laughing, ut being jolted
about in a vehicle with beams of timber Ibr shafts, axle-
tree, and springs ; and is drawn by si.\ mules, after the
fashion of a t-.venty.fonr pounder. The fashion of these
carriages, which nre built like ships, must not bo attri-
buted to the bud taste of the Spaniards, but to the steep-
ness of the roads in Arragrui, Estremadnra, and Galleiu.
When the roads have become smooth and solid, and the
other successive improvements are brought to bear, the
iiifercourse iH-twecn province and province, between re-
lations and friends, becomes morn frequent; marriages,
adventures, incideiifs, every thing multiplies, and a new
world is ciealod. Ill England, they go three hundred
miles to hunt; owing to the convenieiieos, friends pay
each ofber visits, although ut the distance of one or
two hundred miles; old men and young ladies, sucking
babes* with their mothers, all travel without annoyance,
inconveiiience, or iiiipcdimcnt. At every inn on tho
road, breakfast, dinner, or supper, is always ready, a firo
is burning in every room, and wafer always boiling for
tea or coffee. Sol't feufher beds, with a fire blazing up
the cliimney, invite to repose ; and the fublesarc covered
with newspapers, for the amusement of flic passengers.
The English inns would bo real enchanted palaces, ilid
not, ut last, the bill of mine host appear, to dispel flio
illusion. T'hroughout the island, king, miiiislcrs, and
members of parliament, are ull in perpetual niotiun, on
hor.sebaek, in gigs, or in carriages ; on llieir way to
dinners or horseraces, assemblies, eoucerfs, or balls.
At tho balls given three or finir times in the year in
each county ("the comity bulls,") families who live
twenty, thirty, or forty miles off, make their appearance
merely lo pass away three or four liunrs. By means
of these vehicles, this constant coining and going, com-
fort wealth, and new invontions, arc diffused equally
over tho whole surface of the country. It is not tluids
alone which have a tendency to come lo a level : let tho
dikes of the inquisition, the police, the spies, the custom
houses, be thrown down ; let human knowledge spread
itself, and flow without obstruelion, and it will soon bo
seen that philosophy, literature, constitutional liberty,
will also tend to a level over the whole surface of
Europe.
In the midst of this concourse of travellers, thiovca
disappear, every body knows that, only sixty years ago,
it was not uncommon, on a journey, to make up a purso
for the highwayman, so much were the roads then in-
lested with tlicui. At the present day, the instances of
such an occurrence nre most rare : a highwayman must
make as much haste about rubbing a coach, us a pick-
pocket in stealing a walcli. At every hour of the night,
stagecoaches full of travellers arrive and depart, with
horns blowing to announce their approach ; with lamps
(sometimes o{ gas) that throw a light a hundred feet
around, dushiiig along at a regular breakneck pace. It
is impossible to calculate how much time England has
saved, and bow much it has shortened its distances, by
means of improved rouds, in the last forty years. To go
from York to London, that is, two hundred miles, used
to tuUe six da; o : by tho mail it now takes twenty
hours, by the other couches twenty-four. I'rom Exeter,
fifty yeais ago, they promised '■ a safis and expeditious
journey to London in a fortnight." Private carriages
now ucconiplisli the hundred and seventy-five miles be-
tween that city and the capital in eighteen hours,
liulbre the invention of steam vessels indeed, the post
from London to Dublin took at least six days: — in u
stormy winter, in one instance, no less than fbity-two.
Now , whatever the weather, it takes no mure than three.
A sailing vessel lately arrived ut Liverpool in sixteen
days from the I'nilod States, and brought some venison
I're.sli fioiii the other world I When steam vessels cross
the Atlantic, which they will do at nu great distance of
time, American game will be a dainty any thing but
rare.
All this quickness of commiinieation would increase
still lilsfer, if England would udojit, in her roads, the des-
potic straight liiu', which perftirutes, like a eannon-ball,
Ileuses, purlis, gurdens, and ph:usurc-grounds. A iiiathe-
malieian might find diversion in reducing the superficies
of England to the proportion which the present velocity
of travelling makes it hear to that of forty years since.
The result would probably show, that England is reduced
to a tenth of its sizi; at that |)eriod. Exeter was onco
(in relation to time) sixteen times more distant from Lon-
chm than now. Due thing compensates fur another.
The discovery of New Holland and the interior of Africa
makes the world grow larger and larger to the eye, in
the same way that the velocity of communieation, by
drawing its parts nearer together, reduces its diinen-
sioiis, and makes it grow little once more. I cannot help
" lugliing at tlll^ efforts of despot ism to arrest the progress
of liberly, while liberty passes on, by the help of civilis.i-
fion, in a thousand ways. The despots put iiie in mind
of the stupid peasant of iNIetastasio, who runs with ea-
gerness to slop the torrent ; —
"In vnin he wastes upon tlie sands
His labour and liiseare.
For if in one place he withstands
The torrent's force; lo here! lo there!
I.o I in a hundred streams it breaks its way I"
If the press K- chained, the truth still penetrates through
the universities"; if the profi'ssors there are persecuted
♦ Aa— Tfie L'umbeiluml road in our own coun'.ry.— Kii.
•i';* 1
■" '^}
v4
* For whom n pcimiiiit' riinvcyniirf, It may Ik; aiUicipiitcd, will
HOinu timu buconlrivnil— Tram/utyr.
I '\:\.'
140
THE ITALIAN EXILE IN E>MJLANI>.
■ ■^■•
and ini prisoned, civilisatinn conica in alonfj willi com
incrcc: if, to obvinit: lliis, they ndopt the |)roliiliiliv<^ sys.
torn, roads, roud.s alone arc suflieient to lirinj; the niind.s
of men into contact and fermentation. There is no des-
potism so consistent in its means and ends, or, if I may
be allowed the expression, so enlishtencd, as that of the
Turkish government, which |K'rmita neither printing nor
miivcrsities, connneree nor roads; yet even the coH'ee.
houses of C'onstantinople were hy themselves snfTieient
to create an o|>]«)silion to tlu^ (irand Sei;jnior, notwitli-
Ktanding lie is own brother to the sun and moon!
TIME.
Idleness is the luxury of the Spaniards, and a great
luxury it is, for it is alt waste. It is a universal luxury,
which is enjoyed by all, from the highest grandee to the
most miserable water carrier. The luxury, however,
consists in the speiidin!» of an article of little or no value
in S])ain. The Castili.in, who keeps so religiously to liis
word when his honour is in question, is never punctual to
an appointment ; because on hour more or less, in the life
of a Spaniard, is only an hour less or more in eternity.
If you propose to a Spaniard to set liis hand to a thing
at once, he answers you, however he may be interested
in it, "To-morrow." Fatal /o-morioic, which is repeated
so often from day (o day, till yotir patience is worn out I
Fatal to-morruw, that has reduced the kingdom, once
seated on a throne of gold, and crowned with precious
stones, to rags and a dung.hill ! The very mantlc.in which
the Spaniards wrap themselves up, and which impedes
every motion but that of sleeping, dis])lays their indolence,
and the little valuethey set on time, as the laziness of the
Turks is shown by their wide trowsers and loose slipi)ers.
When the Spaniards are biilter taught, more industrious,
and less prejudiced, they will wear the mantle no longer.
Superstition is usually the companion of sloth. An active
peojde cannot aftbrd to pray away whole days at church,
or throw them away on processions and ])ilgrimagcs.
An industriouspcoplc prefer growing tlieir " daily bread"
with their own hands, to asking it thirty or forty times a
day as alms from heaven. When I was first in Spain 1
v/as surprised to see, that none of the lower classes, and
but few of the more resjrectable, had watches ; yet it is
natural that it should be so. What has he who has no
occasion for the division of time, to do with tlic measure
of it ? Their noon is the same as that of the horses and
dogs, the emptiness of their bellies ; the siesta is, |M.'r-
liaps, the business of the greatest importance they have
to do during the whole day. It is esteemed such an in-
dispensable necessary of life, that a poet, I think the
tender Garcilaso de la Vega, singing the delights of the
Aranjuez, tells us that the nymphs of the I'agus, at a
certain hour of the day, give themselves up to tlie siesta.
The journey from Madrid to Seville, which is not ac-
comi)lished by a galley in less than sixteen days, would
be got over in England in two. Rut what of that? In
these sixteen days the Sjianiard would not have produced
a skein of thread. For this reason, in Spain, and in all
countries where indolence is in vogue, there are no ma-
chines for the abridgment of labour. Four years ago,
the coaches of the King of Sjjain were in the same stjite
as when coaches were first invented. In some provinces
tlic carts have wheels which do not turn on their axle-
trees, but with them, making all the while an infernal
creaking. The Spanish |>eoplc, formerly so great, and
who might yet be so, arc rendered by despotism like the
inhabitants of the Castle of Indolence, described in Thom-
son's poem, who, deceived by the perfidy of a tyrannical
magician, slumbered on in the delusion that they were
living in a terrcstriiU paradise, while they were in reality
surrounded on all sides by desert wastes, and fetid marshes,
and eaten up with wretchedness and misery.
On the contrary, in England, time is a revenue, a
treasure, an estimable commodity. The Englishman is
not covetous of money, but he is supremely covetous of
time. It is wonderful how exactly the English keep to
their appointments. They take out their watch, regulate
it by that of their friend, and arc punctual at the place
and hour. English pronunciation itself seems invented
to save time ; they eat the letters and whistle the words.
Thus Voltaire had some reason to say, " The English gain
two hours a day more than we do, by eating their sylla-
bles." The English use fi.'W complimenUi, because they
arc a loss of time, their salute is a nod, or at the utmost
a corrosion of tlie four monosyllables " How d'ye do ?"
The ends of their letters always show more simplicity
than ceremony : the have not "the honour to repeat the
jirotcstations of their dislin;.'uishod regaid and profound
eonsiderntion " to bis " mi)>t illustrious lordship," whose
"most Uumblc, moat dcTOted, and most obsequious ecr-
vai.ts" they " have the honour to l)c." Their vf ry lan-
guage seems to be in a hurry ; since it is in a great part
composed of monosyllables, and two of them, again, are
often run into one : the great (luantity of monosyllables
looks lik(- an abridged way ot writing, a kind of short
hand. The Enghsli talk little, I .suppose, that they may
not lose lime : it is natural, therefore, that a nation which
.-•rts the highest value upon time, should nialje the bqst
chronometers, and that all, even among the poorer classes,
should be provided with watches. The mail coach guards
have chronometers wortli eighty pounds sterling, because
they must take care never to arrive five minutes past tlie
hour ap|)ointed. At the place of their destination, rela-
tions, friends, and servants, are already collected to re-
ceive passengers and jiarcels. AVhcn a machine is so
eonii)lieated as England is, it is essential for every thing
to be exact, or the confusion vtould be ruinous.
In Englanil there is no bargaining. The price of every
article is fixed. This custom Ls not the product solely of
competition and confidence, but also of the necessity of
saving time, 'i'hus a child may go to buy without lieing
cheated ! how otherwise could the shopkeeiiers manage
on market-days, when, from noonday till nine or ten at
night, their shops are crowded with customers ?
The greatest traflic in England, that is, that of the pub-
lic funds at tlie Stock Exchange, is founded altogether
on good fuilii. A broker etTects sales of thousands and
tens of thousands by means of a few figures in a little
hook he carries in his pocket. Without tliis laeonism,
or saving of time, how could it be possible to eflect in a
few hours so many transfer.s of the funds, and so many
insurances? Insurances to the amount of ten million
|X)unds sterling may be procured at Lloyd's cotTec-housc,
in a single quarter of an hour.
Why docs no one travel on foot in England ? Why do
the meanest workmen travel with four horses, in the
style of the proudest nobility on tlic continent? Because
the stage coaches save time.
The infinite number of machines, which, in manufac-
tures, multiply a hundred fold the work of man, may be
estimated according to tlic saving of time they occasion,
When it is said tliat the cotton spinning machine docs
the work of two hundred spinners, it is the same as say-
ing, that it docs, in one day, the work of a spinner for
two liundrcd. 'j'hcse machines have been imitated, or
have been made known by means of drawings, on the con-
tinent; but how nianyotliers remain unknown, which, in
the farms, in the seaports, in the warehouses, and in the
shops, arc employed by tiic English to save time and
trouble I
The Englishman docs not expect to make his fortune
either by Uie lottery or by miracle. Lutlier has deprived
him of the latter resource, and tlie government of the
former, having recently suppressed it. Hence he places
his hopes and confidence in nothing but time ; liis wisli
is not that of Midas, to become possessed of mountains
of gold at a stroke, hut for an opportunity to work, and
make money. Double an Englishman's time, and you
double his riches.
In conclusion, with respect to industry and labour, it
is no fiattcry to say, that tlie Englishman is better than
the Spaniard, since he is a man in tlio image of God,
who is always doing. So thought Thomson, when he
put into the mouth of Idleness tliis apastroplie to her fol-
lowers —
" Ye helpless race,
Dire labouring here to smother reason's ray.
Thai lights our Maker's image in our face,
And gives us o'er our earth umpiestion'd sway;
What is the adored Supreme Perfection, say ?
What but eternal never resting soul,
Almighly power and all dirceiing day,
liy whom each atom stirs — tlie pliuiets roll —
Who lilis, surrounds, uiibrms, and agitates the whole!"
Castle of Indolence
ENGLISH -AIARKETS.
" Fairs and markets belong to a state as yet little ad-
vanced ill public proH|)erity, in the same manner that
commerce by caravans belongs to a little advanced stage
of eominercial relations; yet even tliis imperfect kind of
ation is lietter than none at all." I do not know how
M. Say, r.ii author generally so judicious, come to forget,
when lie wrote this passage, that England, without <pies-
tion and in every res|>cet the i idlest and most [xipulous
of stall s,' has more fairs and markcls than any other.
It proves that political economy is not a cnRmopolitieal
seiener, but something like that of medicine, in which the
apl)ori:-m3 that will apply to all catcs arc but few.
There is no town in England which has not oni, or i.
m.-irkcts every week, and two or three fairs liir li„r,,
cattle, cloth, cheese, &c. in the course of the yi-.-.r: :
city of York alone has no less than fifteen liorM
cattle fails every year. Every English ahiianatk ,,
tains the names of above three liunilred nmrkel (o^,
as these are called. To these markets resort not r,,
the |)easanlry, but all the farmers, great and sinrill,
the country side, for at least ten miles round. It foiui^
interesting and animated scene: from earliest d^iHn-
mid-day the roads leading to the town arc eovcreil •*
droves of cattle, flocks of sheep, foot passengers, tilted (j.-^
and countless numbers of mounted rustics. The inu,,;.
folks use little covered carts, in which all the t'ui;,
dressed in their best, sit at their ease. The dcjj/J,
most constant friend of man, follows the caravan, ,,.
takes charge of it, when the family leave it to do v-|.^
they are come about. Most of these carts have no sprin-,
because, if tliey had, they would have to pay Ihe taj ■
which spring-carts are liable, according to the sj,.
of the English laws, which imposes taxes on an iimii,
ing scale, from eomtbrt to luxury, and iVom luviir,
superfluity. The head of the family, however, ifln'i.;
fanner, goes to market on horseback. It is jiliasaii; :
see these English flirmers, mounted on fine strong in r- ,
in little troops of five or six, well clothed and fed, tat; •
their way to the town at a brisk trot or lull gallop, :.
in the evening, returning to the village, still losiir;.
joUicr than in the morning. 'I'heir wives and daugh:,:;
are often to lie seen on horseback, riding with such ,;.
giince that they could not be distinguished from laiii
if they were not betrayed by their round anti-senliuu:.:
full moon faces. The 'farmers arc in almost every cm
try the finest race of men, and in England this ajins?
most strongly, from the contra-st bctwei n them am! i
numbers of the population wliosc^ look is sjxjiled liv :,
manufactures. There are as many races of niiu
tlierc arc difierent professions : what a diflerencc betw
a sedentary watchmaker, in a heated atmosphere, pun:
through a microscope at a hair's brcadtli of gold, aiiii
farmer of England (or Lodi),jWitli plenty to cat and d;,:
and continually in exercise in the wholesome o|Hn j^
In Yorkshire, which produces the finest horses in Es;
land, I have often seen fanners mounted on animr 1; i:;
on the coutinenl would be worth a hundred guineas. '
some counties (and the custom used to be more gcnci
the farmers carry tlieir chaste better halves seated hdiii:
them on tlic crupiicr: the Englishman puts the lady ;
the place of his portmanteau, while the .Spaniard, luv:
rcsjieetful, as well as more gallant, when he rides iloi.i.,
places the lady before him, sui)ports her witli the lell Em
and in the attitude of a Roman at the rajic of the Sabi«c'
admires and talks to his Dulcinea. Enquiring \viil,i;
myself what could be the advantages of this general m
of markets in Eugland, it occurred to me tliat they nii;i:
lie as follows : in the first place, tlie English towns a
open, and at none of them is there a tollage or imposts
lie jiaid at the gates (if tliere were any). Hence it ari^j
that there are no stoppages, no petty peculations, no lux
of time, no vexation. The Englishman would rather 1:
his goods rot to pieces, than submit to be searched ai
pulled about every moment by a set of wretched liinlin;
placed at every gate of the town, as insjicetors of b
breeches' ])0cket. The maxims of commerce are diltiis;
through all classes in England ; even tlie farmers kcnl
that free comi-'ctition is advantageous to botli buyer nii
Her. Instead, therefore, of waiting patiently in tii(.'
village for the coming of tlii; butcher or tlie recitllimt, ;;
buy their chiekens, their potatoes, their cows, and lliei
cattle, or that of the pedlar to sell them the little artiilnl
necessary for their wardrobe, tliey prefer to go Ihcinschi
to market, and thus escape the monopolists te «!]cs|
grasp they would, in other countries, be subject.
Tins custom arises also partly from another caitf
cultivation being confined almost entirely to the nicndfi
and the corn field, turnips and potatoes, leaves the fiini (t
plenty of time to go to market. In France and Italy tit,
cultivation of the vine, to say nothing of the rciriiii; «|
grain, grass, mulberry and other fruit trees, and India
corn, leaves him at liberty only a few days in the winli':
This custom deiK'iids also in sonio degree on the usr
which is made of horses in most countries, instead !>'|
oxen. In Nottinghamshire, oxen arc so rarely einployei
that, when yokeil, they heeoiiK! an object of euriofil;
Lord Middletoii keeps three pair of oxen for the labour!
of his park, —
" Wide-fronted and arch-horned,"
and beautiful as Homer's oxen of Ihe sun : the uilinhllac'jl
of Notlingham go to see Iheni, by way of anmseincnll
when they are plougliiiig, yoked in an elegant homes f
h'
']'h.' use of 1
l.iiire to Mar
!«• added, tlia
iii.iiistry all
ll-i-earia, i
ni-mslratiil, I
IMS with
would be an
ill rcind labo"
oilier roiis-idf
ti-ery thing q
liiity and tra
course is acce
would improv
would be re.|u
Die siooiiil, \x,i
inv tiling but
jL'f is siijierio
:■ bitter caval
tile piirpises oi
{lru:.'i;le with I
national guard
3 men of Ihe Iii
" ralry soMiers i
L This is not
; n-i-ll iiiloriiied i
; lludicil the adv
j ind explained i
; lo his couiilryr
. l)oe3 not his ai
nnre u-cful and
Jways iinccrtaii
rnr by year, frr
. hoii:rli!s of mine
' aaie efiiidilion
liore gram than
ronii'iil vent for :
■i he cidliire of gn
i are, and the real
I ^i» more prolital
; K land arable.
ic iKT.^rverance
loo 10 precept, he
n his country ; b
mil, hy libcralin
iijtorting hor.ses 1
:)t only tor the lu
•s of agriculture,
firri's liook on c
[iiivtTli'd into mer
<ii, from 1 7.^3 to
forri, zealous for t
Writ, without re.i
|ral, ai well as m:
id to second the v
If Loiiihardy
knt lor its corn, w
krivi-), why not mi
Ivariibly an annu:
fd I'orcign cattle ?
I England has, in i
innt'ictures, coinn
Jiantage over the c
liary .Tssistancc f
nnrtgage, or si
jit-il for every sor
throughout thei
'aiT in England
not assure himi
Iciioy in his own
fU him with a lor
iaiproveincnts a
(no had at one tinii
tanners and tradi
Ik- llioiiglit, howe
t5e portcnlous sum
Vn Knglish marke
lor the picture ol
I country iiiirkeLs i
for the capricio
i (Icscoiid lo the n
elcssly thrown on ;
M, and bright gold
woai'.m of Fobelli
i'lorl [letticoats, s
"irs in the world, v
fiili to delineate the
|juaipin!r,looth-(ani
^I'chii'yinj coiintr
'iiiging, the qiiarre
TUB ITALIAN EXILE IN ENGLAND.
in
lull not oiiL or ti,
c taira lor Imr.,
ic of the yf.ir: ;
, filVcrn liorn ;;,
ish ulmaiKick o;,
(Ircd market tmr-,,,
L'ls resort not m,
(Treat ami fiiiill. I
1 round. It loriiw ■
)ni earliest ilinvir
11 urc eovereil «,
sseiigerSililtcdiaril
.stics. The eouiiti '
lich all the lUiu!
case. The dujr.t',
tvs the caraviiii, n ,
leave it to do v.U
larta have no spriu.-,
ve to pay the tas- ;
irding to the s|)i.;L
taxes on an astttcf
and from Inxnrv •
y, however, iflin.,
k. It is iileasau! •.; r
an fine stronjj lurv
jthed and fed, taki: ;
ot or lull };!ill"P. •:
Uafje, still rositr -a,
wives and daugi;;,:
ridinf; with such d
ijruislied from lai
[)und anti-sentimi:;.
in almost every co.
England this a])[K:o
ctween them ajii!,.,
look is siHjiled In ■„
iny races of nn-ii :
it a ditVerence belw
:d atmosphere, |iiu.:
brcadtli of gold, ar.ii
[ilenty to eat and dr.:
wholesome o[kii .,
finest horses in F.r;
luntedon animr'.it:
hundred guine.is.
LviTf ll'i»ir <!"'<''"■'■ ''"^" oxen; there w
ItivltV anil traftio, liicause, by the aid
l,„„rV- i.-. acce'leratid ; the breed of both
Tl . iw of horse-i permits the fanner to go a gtxid dis-
I, ,'„. to Market without wasting miicli time. It shouhl
li. idded, tli.it llie breeding of horses is a branch ol rural
iiiJu.lry'all over the country.
Roc- iri 1 in '"is " I-essons on Political Economy," de-
mnn«lral.-ir, bv comparing the strength and longevity of
"„r-^<s with those of oxen, that in many provinces it
''! ,u;j 1^. an improvement to substitute horses for oxen
r- ,' rani labour. This calculation is eorrohoraU-d by some
ll'ili.r nHiMderations ; time would lie saved, liorses doing
■" • ' ■' there would be more ac-
of horses, intiT-
'course i-. acce'ierauu ; uiu uieiu ui uun. horses and oxen
wouid improve, tJie first from the greater number that
I ulj be rciuired, and tlicir importance to the fanner ;
the MOiiil, lx,causc they would scarcely ev( r lie bred for
i,v tiiiii'' but consumption, as in England, where the
[f'is su'ierior to any otlier in the world; there would
biiter cavalry for the army; men and liors(!s, fit for
he piirivwes of war, would easily lie found. In the last
tru''i'le nilh France, England had a splendid mounted
lalioiial guard of forty thousand strong. The young
len of liie t<odigians and Liimellina were tlio finest ca-
Jry soldiers of the cx-kingdom of Italy.
Tliis is not altogether a vision of my own ; Rerra, n
.ill inlciriiied and diligent observer, having, in his travels,
iudiod the advantages of the English artificial mondows,
ind explained and recommended the cultivation of them
_o his countrymen, in an' excellently written little work.
Poos not his advice, which tends to tl'.o substitution of a
nore ii-cful and constant crop for that of grain, which is
iln-avs iinccrtiin, and in Lombardy has been declining,
ri-.ir bv year, from 1818 downwards, coincide with these
lioiiudits"of mine? England, sixty years ago, was in the
aiiu" eiiiidition as Lombardy at present : it produced
nore gram than was necessary. Finding no longer a con-
TDJi'nt vent for the surplus, the landholders diminished
he culture of grain, and took more to increasing the p,TS.
lire, and the rearing of horses and cattle ; and they find
his more profitibic than if they had kei>t the whole of
hi' bud arable. If the advocate Berra would imitate
hi' |>iT.5everancc of the senator Dandolo, ami join prac-
ice 10 precept, he would confer a distinguished service
n his rountry ; by getting a greater produce from the
mil, by liberating the country from the obligation of
d to be more geiieril ■ mporting horses from abroad, as it is now forced to do,
■' ' t only tor the luxury of the great, but for the neccssi-
s of agriculture. In I^ombardy itself, as appears from
;.4orri's book on corn, 218,'jaO porches of arable were
onverteil into meadow, in the country around Pavia and
lii, from l(.i3 to 1768; at which, if I recollect right,
erri, zealous for the cultivation of grain, expresses liis
i;ret, without rca.son, in my opinion, for surely agrieul-
inl, as well as manutaeturing, industry ought to follow
,J to second the vicissitudes of commerce and consump-
n. If Loiiibardy can no longer find an advantageous
It lor its corn, why not plant vines (where they will
■iv.>\ why not make artificial meadows, since there is
ivari-ibly an annual balance of trade against it in wines
id foreign cattle ?
Eneland has, in all undertakings relating^ to mining,
nal'ictiires, commerce, and agriculture, a considerable
aiitagc over the other countries of Euro|ic, in the pc-
liry a.s.-iistaiicc of the country banks. These, either
nnrtgage, or simply on personal security, advance
il.il for every sort of enterprise, in notes which circu-
throughout their own county. There is hardly a
or in England who takes an estate ou lease, who
not assure himself beforehand, that, in case of de-
loncy in his own funds, a neighbouring banker will
\\A liiin with a loan, to be repaid when the fruits of
iaiproveiiienLs are gathered. (Ine of tliesc banks
le had at one time one million pounds sterling lent to
tanners and tradesmen of a single county. It must
1k" llioiight, however, that Enghuid is El Uorado ; all
c [wrtcntous sums are — paper.
n English market or fair would not be a good sub.
lor the picture of the Flemish school, like most of
counlry inarkeLs in Italy. In vain would a painter
for the capriciou.s dres-ses of tho Alpine woMen,
(loscend to the market of Varallo, those little hats,
lossly thrown on ; those car rings, those coral ncck-
\ and bright gold buttons ; in vain would he look fur
woui'.n of Fobello, their wild goats in their arms,
I sii.irt iK'tticoats, and dresses of the most ii/mpathclic
i|-< ill the world, white, red, and blue ; in vain would
horned " ^^i^li to delineate the bacchanals of the fiiir of Imbcvera,
I ' . , ^■juin|)ing,toolh(and.giim)-drawing quacks, the groups
liun : the uihnlHlarj'J^B., ,,jl,l,'j.j„jj country topers about a barrel set abroach,
Ivay of anmsemciit^J,;„gi„j,^ (|,o quarrelling, tho dancing of tha villagers
Tin elegant hotncs^^"
to the sound of the pipes. In vain would the poet, like a
Loreiizci de .Medici, seek for a .'\Ieiieia da HarlHrino: —
" And two such eyes she has — 'tis quite a fiast,
When she uplil't litem anil toward you glances,
And ill the midst, just to a hair l>ctween
A lovely nose — ihe loveliest ever seen.
It seems bored with a wimble at the least,
And then, oh, how she dances !
She darts just like a gnat from clill to clift.
And turns — no mill-wheel ever turn'.i so swift!
And pops her hand into lier very shoe.
And whin the dance is done, curtsies so free.
And turns and makes a skip or two, —
There's not a Florence dame could do't so well as she !"
There is nothing of all this in England. The country
pco|de arc; hardly distinguishable by their dresses from
the inhabitiuits of cities, ilesides, in this most serious
and formal country, every things proceeds with due gra-
vity and order. If the election times bo excepted, when
it appears as if the English people changed their nature,
and bi^camc seized with a ixriodical frenzy; the English-
man always even rebels, gets drunk, and kills himself,
with an air of decorum. A greater silenec prevails at an
English market thim in St. Peter's at lionie. Hut this
noiseless scene presents to the eye of the philosopher a
consoling s|H.'ctiiele : he sees those country folks who, on
the continent, arc every where the laughing-stock of the
inhabitants of cities, respected here as equals : he sees a
population well shod and completely clothed, coming to
provide objects of comfort for their tamilics; and sitting
down, when the clock strikes tlic hour of one, to a goo<i
and substantial dinner.
These markets are not supplied with so great a variety
of eatables, especially fruit and vegetables, as ours. The
hair of a French cook would stand on end with horror
to see tiieso markets, furnished with only three things,
potatoes, meat, and cheeses. In tliis country tlierc is a
wonderful uniformity in every thing, — in salutations, in
gestures, in tones of voice, in dress, in houses, and even
m victuals. Eleg;mcc, poinp, imagination, or rather
caprice, — all these have their dominion in France ; here
reign only good sense, the love of the usefiil, of the good,
of the better. Fashion is here not the device of change,
but of iinprovcment. Tho uniformity of customs and
tastes is one source of the iniprovements whiel: are made
at every step in England ; liecause, owing to this, there
is always an extended sale to reward and encourage the
inventor ; and the attention of a great number of con-
sumers is fixed on the same article, which, by the cx|K!.
riments of many, goes on continually getting better and
better.
In these markets, however, a commodity is to bo met
with, which is very rarely found in the market:) of the
continent — books. How otlcii have I seen two or tlu-ee
hundred volumes exposed for sale on a stall, and disap-
pear in a couple of hours I Scarcely have I been able to
make my way to the bench, such a crowd of farmers has
been standing looking over the books, reading, selecting,
purchasing. What a favourable idea must not the tra-
veller form of the enlightenment of a people who read
and buy books — and what books? Not interpretations of
dreams, legends, nor such nonsense, but Bibles, — the
works of Addison, Spectators, — Milton's — Milton, the
English Homer. I do not call him by this appellation
in mere wantonness of words, but because, in tlio same
manner that Homer was known by heart to all tlie
Greeks, Milton is the guest of every family in the coun-
try. Education is bt'come so common in England that,
by way of economy, ladiis are now employed to make
the calculations for the Nautical Almanac.
Tho markets are the preserves of the English army,
which is mostly filled up by recruiting, as there is no
conscription. Cunseription, it is] true, is a ta.\ of blood
and sinews, so much the more burdensome when it is
paid to a tyrannical or a foreign government, which op-
presses the vanquished by means of the vanquished
themselves; but I prefer conscription to recruiting at all
hazards. Even under a usurping government it is not
so vile to servo by force as by choice : besides, re-
cruiting is a bargain between a scoundrel nnd a fool.
About three o'clock in the afternoon, when Ih.! market
is more crowded than ever, you hear the noise of fiiur
or five drums and fifes, and sco a handful of soldiers,
witli gaudy watch ribbons, and cockades in their hats,
with round, plump faces (as if war were a mere fool's
paradise), better dressed am' )>ettcr looking altogctlicr
than other soldiers, tho belter to entice and deceive : —
you SCO, I say, this recruiting party lidvanee into the
guineas have sold their lives, — I know not wlielher to
their country, their king, or their love of laziness. Their
hats are decorated with silk ribands, exactly as they
were wont, in ancient times, to garland the horns of the
rams destined fiir saerifier. This simulated pomp, this
lying merriment, brings to my mind the fistival that
used to aeeompaiiy the viiw of chastity and perpetual
imprisonment, pronoiineed by the young women who Ikv
came nuns. And yet we wonder that the (lermaiis of
old used tl) set their liberty on the cast of the die I .Mon-
tesquieu proved that man has no right to sell himself.
The English speak with horror of the slave trade : yet
w'' i liu.erence is there between the African, who, cheated
I di— r ed, sohl himself to a slave dealer (as was often
1 ic I •i"i , ami the man, who heateil with wine, and allured
by 1 ilse promises, sells himself for a few guineas to a
lying sergeant? I am pleased to find that, on this point,
the divine Ariosto thought as I do: s|K'aking of the levy
made by Charlemagne throughout his empire, he says; —
"Non si Kcntivaallor questo romore," iKcc.
" Not then was heard the sound so common now.
Of iioLsy drums, parading round and round.
Inviting all the boldest from (he plough.
Or rather those of pates tho most unsound.
For three crown pieces, or for less, to go.
To where each moment brings a mortal wound.
Yes, foolish will I rather call than bold,
VVhoe'er so cheaply hath his lil'e-blood sold.
" Honour should ever lie preferred to life.
Hut nothing else but honour ever slinuhl ;
Rather than lose thy honour, — in the strife.
To lose a life, a thousand lives, were good ;
Ilut who lays bare his breast to fortune's knife,
F'or gold or abject gain, he, if he could
But find a buyer, I to think incline
Would chcaiicr than his own life, sell him mine!"
Of late years, covered market places have been built in
the principal towns ; for instance, liceds, Manchester, Liv-
erpool, &.C., where, regularly arranged, and judiciously
divided from each other, all the meat stalls m.iy be seen
at a glance, ranged in one line, those offish in another,
those of vegetables in a third, and so on. In the evening
they are all lighted with gas till eleven o'clock, as bril-
liantly as a theatre. Henri (inat.-e, the king of peasants
and not of courtiers, would ha»-e shouted for joy to see
these markets crowded with servant maids, and work-
ing men's wives, neatly dressed, with nice little baskets
on their arms, providing some good joint of beef and
mutton, which makes its apjicarance, smoking hot and
glorious, on the Sunday, and afterwards, diminished in
size, but never disfigured, appears and disappears at
meals for several days. I must here inform my coun-
trymen (certainly to their supreme amazement) that
there is no set price in England for meat : each part of
the ox has a different and arbitrary price, according to
its quality. The finer parts, the rump steak and tho
roast beef (del rmnpstake, del rosthccf,) have the highest
value set upon them, the other parts a lower, and the
coarse pieces a very low price. In many and many of
the |)opulous towns, for example in Manchester, there is
no assize of bread ; yet this does not occasion frauds or
disputes. In Lomlon every joint of meat has its prico
fixed on it, — the same with bread. Hut how is it that
monopoly docs not come into play? Because there is
liberty. Vcrri said, " I venture to predict that the time
will come, when no set price will bo fixed on any com-
modity, and the number of sellers will no longer bo
limited, when every one will be freely permitted to bako
bread, and to sell it ; when meat, butter, &c. will be sold
at the price freely offered and taken." This prophecy
has not yet come to pass in Iiombarily, and jicrhaps
never will until the year !2210, that Mercia dreamt of!
The market in manufaeturing towns !■« held on the "
Saturday. About five in the afternoon, all the factories
stop work, and the men soon after receive their wages.
Then an enormous crowd begins lo pour into the streets,
and invade the markets and the public houses, — all,
howcvcr,in mostordcrly disorder,withoutany quarrelling,
fighting, or uproar. It is a torrent of wants and passions,
bursting fortli after a six days' imprisonment, and over-
flcnving its banks on all sides, yet without doing any
mischief. Th.^se workmen are like sailors, when tlioy »
get on shore after a long voyage.
Who would believe that in England there ia a. market
for men and women ? Not indeed a market like those
of Smyrna and Constantinople, but, — I shall explain
myself better by giving a description. On tho 23d of
tudc, two or three young men, \Wio for three or foiu
>:?
thickciit of the market, to show, in triumph to Uio miilti- ^NoTomher, it is an old custom in some counties to hold
a fair for sen-ants. All tho farm servants, male and
142
THE ITALIAN EXILE IN ENGLAND.
^. 4-:. ■
\^f,.iii.
'• ».' !
foiiinio, who have Immmi iliscliiir^cd, bitako tlioinsi'hvs on
this iinportaiit day to soiiu; o|)i'ii s|)ii(H' in tlic ciiiinly
town. Ui;tli men nnil women arc ilrisscd in tluir Im'sI
clotlics, in order to ajipear to tlic greatest advantage.
Tliey range themselves in two lines, exaetly like horses
at a lair : langhter anil good Ininioiir tinge the glow ol'
health in their cheeks slill deeper than hefore. The
farmers who are in w.mt of fresh s<'rvants eoini' hither,
walk down between the tiles, observe well tVoin top to
too, e.vaniino and seleet : every servant has his or her
certificate of good character, or would not easily find eni-
ploynient.
Although the first idea awakened by such a market
ns this is one of shivery, or at le.ist of hniiian degrada-
tion, the custom itself has notiiiiig of the kind about it.
All the servants go readily and gaily to the statute, for
at this time, that is, in pas.sing from one master to another,
they are aeeustomed to enjoy a lew days' rest and htilidav
at their own lionu's ; to expros myself classically, I
should say that now they have their Saturnalia. I always
saw tlioiii merry and without the slightest air of <lijee-
tion. Indeed, if it he well considered, the ciisloin is
udvnntageoiis to both parties, servants and masters, from
the variety and choice that are<iirered. Ueciprocal coiii-
]H>titi<in is not of less utility in a market of men than of
goods : — there is, however, one inconvenience : — through
the facility of obtaining new places by this means, ser-
viuita are inclined to eluoige too otlen, merely from
curiosity, and tlu' pli asure of seeing new houses, new
liices, anil new manners, — liir ihe genius of <iil Jtlas ap-
pi'ars to be that of mankind. Such servants resemble
those soldiers who like to olleii cliange their Hag, or
those inconstant beauties who love to change their sul-
tans.
The number of servants who present Ihemselves at the
York statute is about tliree hundred. It lasts two days,
and the wind-up, us usual, is always the public liuusc.
E.MiLTSII YDl'.V; i..\i)ii:s.
When, afti r having lost properly and country, I car-
ried on the same trade as l)ioiiysiusal\erhe lost the crown,
and was consiiling myself in this troublesome profession,
and Irving to innoble it in my own eyes by the example
of Milton, who betiiri' he euiiie one ofCromwell's seere.
taries had played the pari of Ihe sehoohnasler, — and by
the example also of .M.iehiavel, who arter having been
Hccretary to the I'loreiiline repniilie, and many tiiiu's
ambassador, found himself almost reduced to Ihe neces-
sity of practising this profession in somi! Tuscan vil-
lag!'," — I received a polite note from a elergyman of the
English cliureh, reipiesling nie to give lessons in llalian
to his tlirie daiighlers: I complieil without hesitation.
And now behold mi', oiii' line iiiorning, momili'il on a
liired horse (wiiieli might eompele with an llalian lirlg-
liadoro), riding olV at a smart trot to a village (whiih
the English rather emphiilieally cull a town), where the
elergymaii's liiinily resided. This town by hyperbole is
inhabiti'd solely by small I'ariiiers. The iionses are of
the natural ri'cl colour of biiek, so disagreeable lo the
rye, yet neverllu'h ss so gem ral in Kngland, except the
inns, wlii<'liarr wliiti'washi'd,and the elergymaii's hoiisi,
which might be lenueil the sun of Ihe \illage. 1 alight-
ed at an inn, which was neat, and liirnislml with every
conveiiieiiee ; Niieli as would not be lomid ill one of tin
most siiiierb cities ill Italy. When l''.iigli--li houses an
to be mentioned, it is impossible not to lollowllie evaiii-
|ili' of Homer, anil lonslaiilly repeat the same eiiilhel
" neat." The lire had already long been burning in ihi
nlranger's room, the newspapers on the table )>romised ii
roiiipensation for the riiiid silence tliiil slageeoaeh pas-
urngers observe ; on one shelf were brushes, that a spot
less purity iiiighl he pnserviil,— on iinolhi r a book ol
religious morals, and writing inalerials, i li an and nil
Hlained. 1 rested myself al my ease, ga/.ing at llie en-
gravings of thirty or I'urly years old, which, iinlMippy
clveB 1 from great cities ami elegant apartiiienls, gene-
rally descend in their latter days lo embellish Ihe limn.
hie dwellings of some rilRlic village. My repose was
not in Ihe least distiirliid by Ihosiinliospilable oilers the
laiiillords make every moinrnt in Italy, by Way of gel-
ling otV their olil stale provisions ; seasniieil with pane-
gyrics jnst about as true as pani'gyrics usually are. I
rang the bell when it plea.sed ims — a st'rvant girl in-
stantly appeared ; I ordered breakfast — lireaktiist in-
stantly apiK'ared : 1 rang again when I had done, and
the girl again appeared : 1 ordered her to clear away,
and every thing vanished ill the twinkling of an eye;
Ihe whole was done by a few magic monosyllables.
I'.leven o'clock struck ; it Wius the hour appointed liir
the lesson: in Kngland, time is all distributed, — thiu-c
is no i/ifi/^'iH, pnnctnality is more than a duly. Even I,
therefore, i\\act us the ehiireli clock, entered at the in-
.stant the garden in lioiil of the clergyman'a house, fill-
ed with sliiubs and flowers, with pathways iinsoiled by
the smallest litter, thick-planled with shady trees in
iVont, not so imieli to protect the house tVoni the sun and
wind, as lo screen it from the impertinent gaze of Ihe
passengers. In this country, moilesly every where holds
dominion; neithir houses nor inhabilants ihrnst them-
selves forward with that boldness and i nnfidenee wliicdi
seem natural lo Italians and llalian iluillings, the latter
of a glaring white, and on Ihe very verge of the public
road.
.Ml was i]iiiel, as in the hour of the siesta in Spain,
but in l.'jiglish tiimilies it is not .Morpheus that reigns,
but his brother deity, llarpocrates, the god of silence :
they go up and down stairs as noiselessly as ghosts
could do, if there were any. !f it be true that silciu'c
is n eontra-stiuiiiliis, depressing Ihe spirits and Ihe teiu-
|K'rameiit, I am inclined lo lnhevc that this may be oni'
of the causes why the passions are weak and compress-
ed ill ICiigland. — I knocked at the door with a rat-tat-tat,
to give Ihe servants lo under.stand that 1 was a visiter,
and iiol some working man or tradesman, who may notaii-
iionnce Ihemselves otherwise than by a gentle single knock.
.\ tiiotman in velvet breeches, with white cotton stock-
ings (not ciocked however), oiHiicd the door, and show-
ed me the way lo the dining room, leaving iiie there by
myself, while he went to aimounco iiie lo Ihe master of
the house. A tire lit for an antu-tln-fc should in the
irrate, — every thing was in its place, as if there were go.
iiigto be a general review. A japanned basket, painlcd
t'reeii, 1 ly in front of one iifthe long windows, full of gera-
niums in bloom, grown in Ihe hot-house, surroimded by
si'veral other lillle vases of beautiful flowers, brought
also from Iheiiee in turn to adorn li ' room dedicated to
Ihe reeeplion oi'visilers. Af1er a fi'W riiinnles' pause,
behold the [{everend eptering the room with an
all'able smile. I had no diflicnity in discovc ring that
the niasler of the house stood bcfiire me, having seen a
portrait of liiiu hanging trom one of the walls, exlrime-
ly like. " Heaulifiil wcafhiT, very line day" (ultliougli
it had rained two or three times in the morning), this
eternal daily ceremony of ICnglaiid, was the exonliiiin.
The Uev. was a man of about fiirly-live years of
age, in florid health. The li licity of his eoiidition was
painted on his elieerliil and vivacious counlenanee ; his
llirehead was not darkened by any of those wrinkles or
clouds which are imprinted tin re eillier by niisfortiine or
assiduous study. His while teeth and his good hiinionr
showed llial his digestion was also good. 1 aOerwards
learned, that the secret of all this, his elixir of life, and
liiiintain of perpetual yoiilli, was the exercise he look in
fox-lmnliiig, shooting, and fishing, with a seipiel and ap-
jicndix of i;ooil dinners and good wines. His coal,
made in the fashion of the English riiling-eoal, was of
velvet, a stuff wliii'li I'xciles in all, li'oiii king lo mule-
teei, more respect ihaii iinv other. Ivveepl this, Iheie
was not the iiiosi remote iiulieuliou of his |irolessioii
about hi
* *' I iniMI riMMidn ilieii In iiiv rriu« wliliniit lir>lnii nhlr In lli.il
fiiiv niuM In riiiii'iiilM'i in> Kervlrm, or thltil, im- u'lKiijinr an>tli iiu
Hill li In liii|HisMililr lliiil I ran if.i MM liiau, lirraiiM' I inn ilallv tir.iu
Inn iHinrir. .iinl I i<iii>ri-, iliiii li llml il.u « iinl hli.ov Imiiihi'Ii mi'Ti
luviMiriil'li' III nil', I olnill III' liiH'i'il lit Itiinake inv Imiipi', iinil tiin
lltVwM' liir a Iriirln'r nr ch/rk tii siiini' ninnlhthili'. Mini i' I i nii iln n<
olln rivWi', nr I'ltiiililliili iiiyiicir In hiiiiii' ri'iiini rtiii ni ilie Itinil
■ml Irmli rlitliliiiiiii M "III mill urlte, li'ii\iii|iin\ |iaii> In r.' In lie
llfive Nir ilenil." Ho \\ role ltil"uri'iit niiilifiiuJ Italinn in I'rniirlH'i
Vvltorl, nn Hill >l Aniim-I, I.M I
.\ few moliii Ills aOerwards entered the w if'c of Iln
Kev. — - — , who, wilhoiil slirrim; (iiuo the lire, when
he was now slandiiiLr, w illi his back towards it in the eon
tineiilal mode, iiilimaled lo me that I saw the l.idy of
the lioiise. While I, with my riding whip in my hand,
Iwistini; myself like a I'm iieli daneingniasti T, bending
my 111 III a little on one side, and drawing my lips toge-
llier, iiiiilli red a eomplimenl in I'leneh, llavoiired with
the iniiiil charine and i nchaiite, Mrs. — — — , with a
colli re{H'lliiig mien, and an indilVercnl air, look her way
Inwards the lire. place, tiirniin.; her head ineaiiw bile to-
wards me. She was tail, well made, and, wilhoiit being
liailghly, showed an esteem liir herself which was cer-
laiiily merlled. I was told lli.it she had liieii a very
beantiful wiiiiiiiii,iinil this lime I found that the lii'i|iieiil
I'higlisli CMiggenilions on Ihe JMailtiliil and Ihe woiiiler-
tiil did mil far rxeeed Ihe Iriitli. Alter a few iiioiinnls
she lell us, Biid went up stairs lo warn her dniighterH In
lia\e every thing in readiness. IMcantiine, the Uiv.
1 made n digrcHsiiiii to me on llm aiiclenl liislo-
rlaii*, gave me lo iinderitand that lie was roiuieclcd by
frii'iidiiliip with liord llyron, mked ini- to nlny tnilinncr
Mid paiil iiie a Ihoiisand other civilities. I peiciiv,,!
from this cheekered discourse, that he was' fiiniiij,,.
with Ihe higher classes, that he was rich, and lli;,i, i,
<pile of liix-himling, ho was well versed in Ihe ehissi,,
I'liesc \\'\\ indications were to mc the armorial beariii-,
of the liiinily.
In an easy and good-manncrcd tone, Iir shortly aftn
siibjoincd that I might walk up .stairs, and he liiai..
pneeded me to show the way. J t'omid the drawn.-.
roiaii, as usual, occupied by several tables, with a | i ij
with books, and ladies' work. My scholars were sfau;
iiig upright, with the accustomed cold and modcsl V.tr.
lish air, enough lo freeze a compliment stiff nn tlu'lis
of a Parisian. Tlie eldest was a j'oiing lady of niialMr.
slendi'r, and even rather thin, of a brunette coinpli xm
with black hair, black eyes, and very white and n^-i:!..
ticlh, — an ornament rather rare in England, uiii';
geiitleinen as well as ladies. Iler siiiilc was swei'l,,'i;j
Ihe expression of her countenance angelico-llaliaii. H,,
had all the requisiles to make me a Sainl-l'reiix. TIk
secoiul was a liismi tiatiinv, an Albino, well made. i,i i
very bright eom))lexioii, with hair, eyebrows, aiicli\r.
Iiislies, completely while, and eyes approaching In n;,
Mvery woril, every motion, was a j.ephyr, — she was li
sweetness. Allheiigh very short-sighted, she sninid i-
me more iul»'aiiced in her stuilies than her elder kImc,
which is ul'iays u cnniprnsuliou for a lillle less liian!'
The third wa.' a girl of thirteen, pretty, like her ilii;:
sister, very vivntious in her glances, which she ikrn,
now stealthily, at mc while I was reuding, now nl l,fj
I'lder sister, when she had lo answer me Boiiullniir
Their ninlher, during tlie lesson, kept on working, lalf.
iiig at times in an uiidi'r toni' to some one of her (lau^l-
ters when they happened lo be at rest, and uiiswitii;
liir them, when, on my asking them what they kinw :
French niid Italian, they cnsl down their cj'cs, ninl u;
not presume to utter their own praises. The t'aet vi\
that tiny were well instriicled, know Ercncli excei
ly well, and with all imaginable candour showed iiuth
liilllcullii'S they met with in reading Melastasio, wlun
they delighted ill. My amphibious situation, as I iini
call it, was a diversion to me. Now I seemed to ia\s,
born to play the master, and hired to dissertate (mail:
eles and concordances ; now I sei'incd lo take tlie |i:.'
of Count Almaviva, in the " IliirlMr of Seville, " i>,.
cially when the inilkwiiilf liiiiid of the first of these iim
scls (Ihe very hand ilescrilied by Arioslo) liilloweil «iii
Ihe tiiiger the lines of the book. Now, nil the tieklw
allusions to which tlio grammntical lerminalioiis ^w-
rise in llalian coining to my mind, 1 was ready In Imri
with laughter when if fell to me tos|H'ak of the prelirii
iSic. The hands of the I'liiglisli and Irish ladies nn s
beautiful, that Ossiaii often apostrophises the Irish iiri
dens IIS " the while hands of ■•'.rin." It is a pitv lii:
n this country kissing of hands is not the liishion. Tl-
llaliaiiH ollen call their beloved " heaiitifiil eyes nl nn
lappiness ;" Ifui French might apostroiiliiso theirs nil:
' dearly bi'lovcd f! et."
In Ihe most indilferent mailers, and even in liiiiiiin
>f less than n lislial blood, priniogeiiltiire is alwayMi
^peeled ; ini fair pupils, tliereliire, ulways eniiii' r
tlieir lessons in the order of age. When tlu' lr«s«'
were ended, we descended lo the diiiiiig-n)oni, wluni
most noble linirliiiDi (a siibslaiitial rifectiou l«l«i'i
bnakfiisf and ilinncr) was prepared. The lady iil'i«|
house repeali'dly ofl'ered me some cidd beef, sunn la*
milk, custards, \e., but as there is no pleasiin' in n'
past not seasoned with infiinale liiindship, and inula >
I'll nierrimenl, I declined, iiiiil letiirned to Iln i
W Idle my horse was being saddled, I last a i;l.iiin i
Ihe village eliiir h, an aneieiil slriieliire, and in ll{l|lll^|
anee older slill, i'liin the (Jolhie fiiriil in wliirliL'i
ehmebes of the ;\iiglieaii tebuioii are aliiiosi iiiiilinia
built, and alter neii\iiig a bow Iroiii Ihe Iniiillnnl, ll<
seemed to smack of ii'iidal Missalage, put spins Ini;
liiirse, and m I nlViil a galloplhroiigh thi'solilatv rniinia
This family, whidi I have described wilb Diifli
full lily and iniiiiileinss, — tliisliiiiiily,ofn coldand ri'MiM
dcmciinonr, under wbieli, however, in Fngliilid a «
iinil atVeelionale heart is olten hidden,- In Iniign In
class of gentry which has all the limiry and nlinm
of the opulent nobility, witlnnil their vices anil ili 'i
WhiH'M'r wishes to Income neipiaintcil with an nl
lion slill mon' nlinril, and in n higher grinlc it'
landed iiristoiraey, approni liiiig lo liifih lijr, niiiiil lol><
me ill anollii r narration.
si',tii'i';i,.
I was .". visit in (lehl to a widow lady, mnllnrnfl'
liciiiitiltil girls, Ihniugh nn invilnlloii lo dinnn I li'ul'j
ceivud. 'I'll
at llie foot (
approached
meadows
Tlie lioiise it
heal ; it is n
iiinl useless
liir an I'aigl
hills, irreguk
space that ca
mystery of tl
the flocks fe
" Here reigns
young ladies
eoiirtcoiis, w
flowing hair-
Wliose large
Might shake
Almost every
groom, on exc
are fioiiiilinies
when, at Idyi
and file cry of
getlier, and llic
ditch, scour tl
iiave passsed l\
with entliiisia
French, and si
harp, drawing
lillle llower gi
divide the time
and the aniuial
1 had selected i
ing Ihe family i
regard to the \
garilon bcfori- I
on the point of
wi'Iroiiied with
miitliir was in t
lor, who is also
tlii-s 1 Willi tlini
au (lisrtj)iiir, itti
tiirc we practise
liy w'liy of consul
at lioiiic, and wo
inaliiiii nealled i
liir the good fort
a stride the piece
kiiiick and n'.kiu
till' disir, and inv
As I had always
kit hand, I did i
liTi'd another ro
rniiie in, and con
invii nioiii, her p
111 re lo nlleel llm
yn iiig woman, a
trace of iiclimis,
lliiy pa-ss ; that I
ii|Kiii nil.' by the li
^ at other
".Mono wo w
Iflial nn guardian,
luf Hie lles|K'rides,
jliaii' d.inil to elite
|iii"iii'il by the bell
lln'iiilif'ursilk sotli
III"' ililiiiiiey ;— VI
I lilali'd W'ord.H,
li'iiilMriasHiiient Ih
Jill llaly, then) Ih'
lnlMiind eoiiversat
l«illi smiles and nn
ll'ii'liins, the last 111
rli'fliil and iiievitui
lilvrnii, piis,,.,| „„,,
m»y limes ili.l tin
I'lii "f Iler own vil
|iiwliH«, o||;-r me si
M"V»ilf, and many
^I'll". Wewen.'l,
fliip. ttliii h she hai
rK Willi a border
I'' lour was gree
flliiliium Unit (•
Plllll'lll'si., wilhoiii
liiiurt'il hnr Is'auly j
V"li'r«lainl tin, i,||;
i">m hiiiiiielfr— 1
TUP. ITALIAN EXILE IN ENGLAND.
143
itii'B. I pciC'dMi!
t ho Wiiti lliiiuliii:
rirli, ami i}\\A,n
PCll il\ tllC l-'llissir,,
f armorial bcarin;,
ic, lio plinrtly allii
rs, nml In' liiiii-i
I'milltl 111"' lllilWI!!;
Ulllcs, with II I ii!K,
diolara Wfrv st;n,i:
(I anil niiiili'sl lln;.
iMit slitl" nil IIh' 1: 1
iijT lady ol'niiu'liir,
ruiii'lto coiiiplixi(.r,,
! wliilr mill n;.M:lv
n KniflamI, iiiiiii:'
mile was swcrl, ,!r(
ii[ri'lk'0-ltaliaii. S.,
Saiiit-l'rruv. Ti-
110, w:'ll made, Ml
cyt'lirows, amliu.
apiiroacliiiif; In m,
(•pliyr, — she was i:;
■ litcil, she Kci'iiHil Is
lan lu'r cliKr siMir.
r a liltU' It'Ns IhmiB;
irrtty, liUi' liir il':i;
H, wliioli sill.' llimi
reailiiilTi "ow nl In;
(wcr me Hoimlliint
'pt on workiiii;, l:;!t
lue one of her (iau;!,-
rest, inul aii»ttiri;i:
n wiiiit llicy kiirw :
n their eyes, ami a
lises. The I'ael wiv
■ \v l'"reiicli exeiTihii;
lulonr showed iiu (a
ijT iMelnstasio, wlmr
s situation, nr I iin
>w I seemed to iii\«,
to dissertate on an;
eiiied to lake the |tt'
;|)er of Seville," I ^|.
the first of thesi' i
riosto) I'.illoVMci «iB
Now, all the til 111'-
ical leriiiiiialiuiisc.i
lii,t.
I was real!
ly to
■ak ol'the prelinl.
I Irish ladies iin s
iiphises the Irish nit
" It is a pilv tl.i;
(it the liishioii. Il-'
lliiautit'ill eyes 111 iw
listrophisc theim mcl
and even in rniiiiw|
enitnre is alwavMi-
lire
s eaiiic
a I way
SV hen "the In
ceived. Tiiis lady's villa is situated in a delieioiis spot,
at (lie Tool of a hill crowned liy an old and iioMe woiid,
anproached by a wiiidinjr, K^nWy slopiii^r path aen.ss
meadows and plantations within the i.aine enclosure.
The liouse is protected Iroin the wind, and Iroin excessive
heat; it is not larjfe, in eoniparisoii with the iiiiiiieiise
mid useless Italian palaces, hnt is Bullieiently spacious
liir an Kii!,'lisli ^'""i '""' enjoys a view of araiifre of
hills, irreirular in foriu, clad with trees, and within the
Biuce that can be taken in by the eye. The eniet, the
iiiystery of the iiei(,'hbouriii{r wood, the song of the birds,
the flocks fcediiiff in the meadows, all sieiii to say,
"Here rein[us love!" What then if 1 add that the two
yimiig ladies of the mansion are beautil'iil, {rraecful, and
"courteous, with rosy cheeks, and copious rin^rlets of
flowing' hair—
" Whose large blue eyes, fair locks and snowy hands,"
Jliijli' skake the saintship of an anchorite .'' — Hijrun,
Almost every day 'lid they ridi^ out alone with their
irrniini, on excursions over the neifjlibonring eouiitry, and
are soim limes present for a few moments at a fbxehase,
when, at Uiynard's first breakiiifr cover, the shrill horn
ami the ery of a Inmdrid pantinij hounds are heard to-
petlier, and the red-coated horsemen, leapiiifj hedge and
ditch, scour the country at a headloiiK gallop. They
have passsed two or three months at I'aris, speak of it
with enthusiasm, and arc eager to return. Tliey speak
French, and stammer a little Italian. The piano, the
harp, drawing, light reading, the conservatory, .-iiul a
little llower garden cultivated with their own hands,
divide the time that riding, visiting, halls, invitations,
imd the annual two months' visit to London, leave tliein
1 iiail selected a rainy day, that I might he sure of find-
ing the tiiuiily at home; but the Knglish ladies pay little
regard to the weather. I had not got half across the
(.'anion helhre I perceived the carriage, which was just
on the point of setting out. I approach tlie door, — I am
welo.iiued with a courtesy more than polite. The
motlii r was in the coach, along with the younger daugh-
ter, who is also the liandsiimer of the two. On seeing
this I went through a thousand unties, prot'cssed myself
au (/I'SC'/i'iir, i'(»o/<', &c., and gave in to all the carieii
tare we practise on the continent. The graceful V
by way of consoling me, informed inc that her sister was
at Inline, and would Iki very glad to see me. This inti-
Illation recalled me to life. I should never have looked
tiir the good forlune of such a passport; — I devoured at
a stride the piece of road between ine and the house, 1
knock and re-knock impatiently. A niaid servant opens
till' iliHir, and invites me to walk into a room on the right
As I linil always seen the luisticss of the house on thi
k'll liaiiil, I did not imderstuml her directions, and en
tired aiiuther room; hut the lirantiliil i'. nmm
rniiio in, and courteously saluting me, invited me to her
uww nioiu, her piiiliiiii: S vere Italian matrons ought
lure III relleet that the eollmpiy was between a beanlifiil
yii ing woman, and a wandering exile, who leaves im
trace of actions, as ollieial (Hrsoiis must do wheicMr
llioy pass; that I had not concealed the impression mad
u|Kiii me by the lively and sparkling eyes of the lieautiful
1' at other tiniCH ; that in the room —
lliniiig-room,
111 refeeliiin
A'hiti 1
biUiH'
".Mono wc were, and all willKuit siispie
on;"
,1. The hilly "I'li'l
leolll lie> r, siillli Thrl
MO I
ulsbi)
ilcasnre in a''
1 Ulllll"
I, aiii:
iliiriied to till I
il.
st a ui.iii'
eturi', ami in "I'l"'
fiirm in wlmhl'
lire aluiosl iiiiir.ini
,1 the lalidliiril 1!
e, put spill-' I" "
I ihesiilitai\ I'i'iiii"
rrilieil wi'b l'"f"
,iifa eoUliiiiilii^'"'
in Knglaiiil a «■'
den.
lieliiiii;" 1"
and nliii'i
,1,1.'
rir vices mil
nied with an >
je .il «
lliiglier griiil
hah hjr, niu»t t'M
My, in
iihir.'riH
In to dinni'i
I liaiii
llliut no guardian, no aulhorised Cerberus of that garden
luf the llis|Mrides, was in the house, thai no one woiibl
Iliavo dirrd to enter that aniicliim Hiiiirlnnim iiiiIish siiiii-
I lid by the hell, lliiit a good lire was burning, lliiit ii
IlKiiilifiil silk solii lec.'iviii an exciting warmlli I'roin
jllii' ilniiiney ;— yet, iiisleiid of the downcast eyes, the
lliiiililali'il words, the hmiiing blushes ni the line, the
leiiilianassiinnl that would aeeompaiiy such a siliialion
■ill llaly, tliere iH'gaii Is Uveni us ii i heerfiil iind iinre-
iHlnnud louversatiun, with frank iiiiil sparkling eyi s,
Iwilli smiles anil nierrimiiit. Hunting, the cxhihilioii of
l|iii'liires, the last new novel, the Parisian opera, ami the
lliniil and iiievitable subject of Ihi' Kiiglish ladies, l.onl
lllvniii, pasMil away two hours lime very pleasaritlv.
liny limes did the prohlhilcd fViiil (guarded by tin ,lra-
"11 "f hiT own virtue and modesty,) I mean my lovely
li.wlns, nll'er me something with win. h I might' n I'resli
[iiiysiir, and many limoB also euliie mo to n'lMat my
I'll.-. We were talking beliire a |Hirtrait of his loril.
Iii|i, whii h she had copied, .'^bv was drexsed in green
>ilk, Willi II border of yellow ribiiiiil ; niv mention thai
pill' inl.iiir Has green, will i>|>iiro me the tioubleof lelliiig
lll|iliini» lluit «' had a ciimpb'vion of iwrliil
iiliiliii,.i.», wilhoul which n green dress woulil have
ijiiri'd her Is'auly ; Init where is llio Indv who il.ies not
H.ntnml the elUiel nf colour In dress Isiter than
Miim hlmnelfr— I „nlly ly<ik my leave, my |,„r«e
awaited me at the door, and thus 1 letl this most iiino-
i.'eiil lrl('.ii-lii, ,
These two young ladii'S were sisters in blood, but not
ill taste. The younger loved travelling on the continent,
and the theatres and balls of I'aris ; the I'liler loved her
country and its fogs, above all the romantie scenery of
Swil'/erland, above all the cnohaiilments of Italy. The
one played on the piano and the harp ; the other gave up
niiisie, as she said, with aniiahle frankness, tor want of
eai'. She told nie one day, by way of compliment, that
she cultivated Italian as a compensation for music.
The elder, instead, contented herself with Kreiicb. She
ill her iiiieu was the more rescrvid and stately; the
other, in her motions, and her c.inversaliou, iin re win-
ning. Drawing anil riding were aecomplisliiiients eoiii-
iiinn to both. It seemed as \\\ like the lioman eiiipi Tors,
who divided the empire hrtwien them, they had divided
the prosinces ot' aniial.ilily ; perhaps it was a tacit eoii-
venliiin, nut to be rivals in matrimony, and to leave t.i
tliose who should olfer, some variety in llieir cUoiee.
The second seemed niiiiUlled lor an Knglishman who
had travelh d on the continent, the first for one who had
never lelV old Knglaiid. liotli however are amiable,
each in her own way, but if I were cunitrmned to re-
nounce one of them, I would select her who loves the
continent the most.
1 have traced these sketches to give an idea of that
class of society which in I'^iglaiid is the best intiirmed,
the most hospitabU', the most beneticciit, and the most
virluoiis of all; and which, iH'ing there immeasurably
more numerous than in any other country, liirms, so to
speak, the heart of the nation. I ought now to ascend to
that sphere which raiiiii deliueafes in his |H>em; but I
draw myself back, — not so iinieli because the higher
classes almost every where have a strong resemblanee to
each other, and model themselves on the same code of
caprice, etiipiette, prejuiliee, and notliingness, as beeaiLsi'
my object is rather to ilisplay the base of the national
pyramid tlian the apex. This is the error reprobated in
several inoderu historians, who have given us merely the
history of kings and courls, as if a nation consisted only
of a monareh and a few Ininihed nohlemeii, and all the
rest were only an annnynioiis sometliing not worthy of
a glance: the same error, I repeat, may he iiiipiiled to
many modern travellers, who, instead of becoming ae
ipiaiiited with a nation, are contentcil with knowing i
few individuals. Kesides, whoever wishes to know tin
manners ol'the higher classes, may consult truer anil bet
ter painters than I am; such as I'ope, in " The liapc ol
the Iioek;" Iiord llyroii, in " Don .luan;" the tiishionabli
nesvspaper, "The .Morning I'list;" and, above all, tin
novel under the title of " Almaek's:" Ibis spirited novel
is a magic lanlern of the iiiosi ridiculous characters in
the liishionable world, paiiiled in the liveliest eidoiirs
Tho author is a sort of l>evil-on-two-stieks, who lays ban
all the cabals and littlenesses of the earthly demigoils.
ISill if the author should he a lady, as I have some siispi-
I ion, I beg to witlidr.iw the I'ompaiison of (he Devil
two-sticks, and to say, that she is an angel who writes
like an angel:
Tin: IlKTItDTIIKI).
I was Ihiiikiiig of dediealiiig this eliaptcr to the eavii-
liei i serventi, t.i the elrinally hv-li rieal, to the (yraids of
fnmilii N, and In (hose motheis w li.i belicM' that a ghiiiee
eoiilamlnates their danglii.rs, anil who, anxious to dis-
pose of their wares, aspire onlv to get their daughters
once fairly I'lar'-ii'd, whoever (he hiislianil, whither all
idiot, a baboon, or a worn nut liherliiie; but I have since
relleeli d that it is lieKer (ii be tolenint, and let everv one
live oil ill his way.
Miss K was n young lady of niiieteeu, tall, hanil-
sonie, good iiiaimeied, lively, without being too gav or
iniperdneiil, nl' n I'air eoinplexion, willi a soli and siili-
dui d but not a I iiigiiishiiig look, and large ringlets of
line dark brown hair; sin li a one, in short, as would Ih'
highly ailiiiind by the doiihle (lie of young men helweeii
wlileli the tlilr tlali.iiis have to pass when they go to the
:healre ol l.a Seiili lit Milan, (In a visit she was paying
III n family of her ai'i| i.iintaiiee, at a good liundred iiiili s
distiiiiee iVoiii the eiiy she lesided in, she captivated a
young mail of (he fiiuily. lie asked her in marriage, and
obtained the cuiseiit of the young lady anil hi T reliitioiis;
but an the gentleman was not vet well adviinceil in his
prolessiou, that of a barrister, it was agmil to deiir the
eeremony liir two years In the mean time, the Islrolhed
huHband came every now and then to visit his allianeed
wife, was wi leiinii'il by all the tlimlly with a more tinin
friendly wiirmlh, anil lisikeil uihiu iinil treated by her
frieiiih as tin future Imsbainl of the young lailv. Thus
the two belrolhed, instead of gning to (be allar blindliild,
had an opportunity (and an enviable p.itlenee) to sdiiiy
each other's character, to aeeiistoni (li.iiiselveslo mutual
respect in the presence of olliers, and to enrnet whatever
Ideniishes they might tinil they hail. To draw slill closer
the bonds of aci|iiaiiitaiiee and IVIeudship between the
two t'ainilles, a sister of the hnsband staid for several
months at the home of bis intended witi', rather as a rela-
tion than a friend; thus, instead of having .lUe day a censo-
rious sister-ill-law, the liriik' was aeipiiriiig for herself a
friend in her new tiimily, a bridi maid for her nuptials,
and, from the gratilnde that n friendly hospitality pro-
duces, a supporter and ilelinder on every oeeiision.
This young lady, who was known to ine before tho
contract of marriage, did not alter in the bast her man-
ners or behaviour lowaids me. She was olleii beforehand
In inviting me to take a walk with her as a gii*'st, and I
had some (imes (he honour of giving her mv arm. (Iiir
walks was always a /V/iYiir/iesr/iir one, — nil solilarv
banks, — amid deserted fields, as the I'lnglish taste will
have il. Two or three times she came lo pay nie a visit
at my own home, — aecoinpanied, however, by a dear
lively little sister of hers, .s^lie entered gaily", chatteil
goiui liiiiuouredly, and soon unfolded the ob|eel of her
visit, — generafly a polite invitation lo dinmr or tea : siieli
visits are in Ibis country neither an irregularity nor a
phenomenon. Only be a bachelor, and young (but ind
iiconlious, at least openly), — and if you tiill ill, you will
have the visits of all the married and inarriagealde ladies
of your acipiaintanee.
.More than all this, — she knew that my linen was ne-
glected, — being that of an orphan, ihsliiiite of country,
mil wandering over the face of the earth, — and she
ill'ered, and with geiille violence took upun In rself to set
every tiling to rights: then, with the same care and at-
lention which a tender wife or a lovesick damsel would
show in latitude 11, she inended up my laeeralid iipiip-
iiients, and marked my name on my handkerchiel's aii'l
shirts. If, ill latitude 1 1, a young woman had only knit-
led a purse for luc, my bliml vanity would have made nic
believe that purse containid her heart. Ihit the heart of
.'Miss K was alrciily given to aiiolhi r, and she would
Inive died a thousaiiil deaths rather than be giiiltv of all
Indiscretion of that vort. The saeiid promise she hail
given, did not, however, forbid her from being, according
lo the hiiidablc eiisdnii of her nation, kind and eoiH'leonM
to ine and others. She had a way of always making ap.
propriate and tasteful presents. When I sil out for
(ireece, she presented me with a handsome edition ol"
liord Itynm's "Cliihle Harold," and, when I ri turned, it
having transpired that, in my new lodging, I had in ither
paper nor an inkstand, she stole into my study whin I
was from home, with a cousin, who was her ai'iomplieo
in the magic freak, and set upon my table all elegant
portfolio, all inkstand, and some very line writing paper:
allerwards, to conceal her generous gill, she preteinleil
that it iiiiisl have lieeii eontirred upon me by two of
those fiiiries who for so many ages liavi- lived ill I'lng-
lanil, and ilaneed at night m (he woods and on the green
sward, i, (and any body born under a burning siin,i I,
who in llaly, or in l''rani'e, should have eoiieiivid the
hope of a culpable love from any single kind ubiliee thai a
gill might let tiill upon me, — have never Inul the slightest
iinbeeoming llioiigbt of that young liiily, on the word of
a man of hoiioiir. iNo ! liir dilVeniit is the elVect ot' the
eonlideliee placed ill the man, ami of the coii'-eioUsiieKN of
virtue ill (he lady. — I'romiMsof mariiage long before
their celebration are here of freipiint i.ecmreiiee in the
iiiiddl.' classes: il' ever the young man breaks his word,
(he relations of the yiiiiii.; woman liiing him In fore the
tribunals, and. unless he can |iisti('v his i b., ge nf minil,
he is eoliileiiiiieil lo pay a line pr.iporlioned lo bis eir-
1 iliiislaiiees ; ' < me of tbeiii as liigti as live and evi ii leu
thousand piniiiils slerlliig. I( is true that this sysd in
may favour the pi Tliilloiis ftiiares of a l.ovelnce; hut how
few liovelaees are to be liariil, when the siili*iliietioli of a
eapiiee tiiiist cost so inni h lime, so many plots, so many
liilKclnHids and dangers! I In lieve most v onng men
would rather make the lour of the world on ii>ot,tliaii gii
throu'.'b all the Irinihle of Itiehardson's libi rtiiie in ro (u
obt^iin a Clarissa by Ireai Inry. Ili sides, be who lietrav
a young female in Knuhind is v>si(id with (he piibile
iililiorri nee (o sin li a di gree, (bill Mr. Wakefield, who
endeavoured to deceive .Miss Turner, was more di tcKled
on all lianils lliiin if ho Inul assaHsiiialid (ieorge the
I'oiirth.
I will relate nnnlhrr inslnnreorthU InMnrciil lilirrty.—
A young Sioteli ladv, large, well made, rohnsi as tho
heriM's of tishian, with rosy cheeks, as tVe«li lis honey,
had rome iVom l''.dinbiirgli, n distance of two himdred
miles, in order to weary herself by way of niiikiiig less
ii: ii \ \. \\ \\ ,',■■'!■ I
it'
1?
f'. , ,
•\T' '4 ■
dfMM
; !■
■■■ii
i! /■•■i
!''>s1
,'i 'ti
'■ ■;<
r. -.'-i
^i
*.>
144
THE ITALIAN KXILE IN ENGLAND.
^v^!3
'IT' J?"
■r>t
:;■!'
"■ 1(1:
wciirisonie t)ic life of an ttijed praiidniotlier, wlio resided
alone, in a lone house, in the lonely town of 'I'liilcaster.
'i'o a Spaiiisli or Italian woninn this house would have
been a loinh ; she would have llioujrlit herself buried
alive ; the sacrifice she was making to relationship would
have made a jrreat noise among her friends, and the two
months would have seemed to her two ages. 'I'he Scot-
tish lady, on the contrary, discliargcd her pious duty
with the most unalFecled cheerfulness. I paid her two
visits, both unexpected ; and found her, on both occasions,
fully attired, and with her hair dressed, as if she had
been going to receive the visits of an envious rival. Tiiis,
and many other examples, have convinced nic that the
English do not dress so nuicli (or others as for them-
selves, — and hence they arc alw.iys well dressed. There
are generally no large mirrors in their rooms, so that
they have not even the sweet gratification of stenhng a
furtive glance at their own rellection, when |)assing be-
fore it on any pretext, or none. Tlicrc are no balconies;
no custom of putting the head out of window, to sec
what weather it is, and who is going by ; and in tlic
streets there are neither imp<:rtinent8 nor ciciabeos.
John Bull works, gets on in tlio world, and amasses
money; and then he gets married, without any niaiia-u-
vrcH of handkerchiefs, windows ajar, and telegraphic
signals.
I generally found my heroine at her little tabic, read-
ing or writing, — the desk, inkalead, paper, pens, .ill of a
shining neatness; the books well bound and well printed,
and still better written. 'l"he young ladies in Kngland,
as there is uo embarrassment in conversation, arc in the
liabit of seeii.g company, and tliiir reading supplies them
with interesting themes of conversation: our mutual
friends, literature, and the ditVerences of manners, were
the subjects wo usually talked of. There are few
thieves among servants in proportion to their nmulters:
they are cheeked by the confidence jilaced in them : so
even Marshal Uichelieu would have acted with strict
propriety in our tele-a-tete ; yet probably a man of spirit,
a enncpieror, a Tamerlane of the fair sex, like Uichelieu,
would have renounced the eoniiuest, fron ii.-, '.'ili.y, if
I he had invited fim, as she did me, to tiii .. '■ "ith
her along thu bank of the river, near the ,in
alnmst solitary i)ath, leading to a knoll • > uli
venerable oaks, and embowered with tliii . ,ify
bushes ; yet the mar(]Uis woidd have been Ui'ceived ; he
would have despised, us detineeless, u fortress worthy of
Vauban hijnseltl
We passed near the remains of an nnei'iit camp,
where the mounds of earth by which the Roman legions
were protected were still visible. She aetvd as my cice-
rone; and, by a great stretch of courtesy, talked to me
IIS if tile anci'jiit Itoinans had Ik-cii the ancestors of the
modern Italians; and 1, in return, talked to her of Sir
Waller Scott as if he were the Scollish Arioilo. The
conversation never laiiguisheil ; and look my attention
HO entirely, that I should have passed a fine eoiintry
house on the opposite bank of the river without noticing
it, had she not pointed it out to me. When we returned
to the housi- dinner was ready, and she invited me to
take refreHlmienl. The grandmother was still invisible,
iM'ing confined to her chamber by a cold. When dinner
was over, at an inclination of her lieiid, which ia the
signal lor a loasl, wi^ drank together a glass of win(^
(■oin|Mised of I'xtrai I of tlowrrs, sugar, and a litlli^ brandy ;
it is called " llrilish wine," an agreeable bi'verage, which
young ladies are |Krinilted to drink. She Iheii showed
me Hold de Falier's eidleeljoii of Spanish niinaiiees and
|HMtry. She linil nlreaily ciliservid to me that religion
was the ((iniliirl of the Kiiiil.niul the liappini ss of families;
iilie pointed out to me, therefore, some religious odes of
1*11111' lie l.ron, llivoiiriles with her, and truly siilillme.
She null!.' me rend a |«irtion of the oile on Holy Solitude
(Siiiilii Siilrilad), in which the passages most iK'sutiliil,
Mild most congenial to the sentiments of hi r soul, were
already marked with a jMiieil. It was now high lime In
lake leave, aller a i Isil of four lioiirR, wliii h hiid passed
as swirtly MS the happiest lioiirs of line. I rode buck the
ten mili'H I had i ome, nt a gallop, not ilisonliTcd, but
tniiiipiilllsed with a pleiisure resembling that rx|H'rieneed
nt the sight of H line pirture nf roiir'sin, tilled witli Ik<uu
lifiil nymphs und pleaN:iiil snnlelicH of neviivry.
r;i)i 'CATION.
The young Women of Kngland, under n Hlormy nnd
ineonstant sky, have hearts and minds piaeeltil and se-
leiie, always eipialile, and always docile. My aniiiibli
eoiintry women, under n In nven per|H'tiiullv smiling, huvi
minds and henrts always in n lemiswt. The fiirmer nrr
(i(kra«lF<l fiir ijviiet ond dnnx'iitie felioily; every tliin;; mn
duces to this end, the order and system of their lives, the
sim]>li3ity of their food, tlie climate, compelling them to
live in-doors, the silence that reigns within and without
their homes, their long residences in the country, all
tend to soften or set to sleep their passions. \Vhilc the
latter, animated by the continual sight of the world,
stiinulatcd by a thousand objects, now treated tyraimi-
cally, now ovcr-carcsscd, and then nnrcasonably contra-
dicted, carried to the theatres and crowded streets, seem
educated to give vent to their passions, brought up only
to be haughty and spirited. Hence they arc impassioned,
greedy of distinction, made more lieautiftil by the very
desire of pleasing, but tormented with a restless rivalry;
unhappy themselves, they too often make all around
them so. A true and excellent comparison of the Eng-
lish women and the Italian may be foniid in the "('o.
rinna" of Madame dc Stael. (^oriima, all fancy, all ini-
pulse, all love of glory, rll passion, was unhappy, and
would have made her English lover unhappy, had she
mau'ied him. laicia, instead, all good sense, sweetness,
mo«lesty, and filial ali'ection, was happy in her obscurity,
and promised happiness to her husband. Lucia, aller
s|K'nding two hours of the morning in painting a teau-
til'ul rose, satisfied and contented, shuts it up in her |)ort-
folio : C'orinna is dissatisfied and discontenled with her
talent, unless she declaims a hymn, and receives thunders
of applause from thousands ol auditors.
Instead of producing cxtem|)ore poetesses, such as the
IJandettinis, the Mazzcis, and the Corillas, is it not better
to prod.iec afiectionatc wives and sensible mothers of
families ? Is not the picture of a happy family (I'amcla
with her children) more touching than that of the eoro-
nation of Oorinna in the capitol 7 Italy lioasts Nina,
Senti, Slainpa, Julia Araijonn, and many other modern
imi>rmisaliiei; but would it not have tended more to the
happiness of its families to have had such women as Miss
Edgeworth, Miss Aikin, nnd Mrs. Hamilton, who have
written works for the education of children ? Is it better
to enjoy a brief youth of tumultuary pleasures, or an en-
tire lite fiill of sweet aireelions ; the first like a torrent
that dashes triumphantly over the rocks for a space, and
then haves its bed dry and arid ; the second like a
river that flows lietween humble banks, but tloWH for
ever. 'I'o this prcaehifying of mine, a witty Frenchwo-
man would reply, that she preferred a life rimtie et hntiiie
(short and good, that is brilliant) — o sober Englishwoman
would wish it Inns <inil cnmfoitiihle (that is, serene).
The young women arc accustomed to travelling aloni ,
sometimes in the public carriages, for one. or two hundred
inib's together, 'j he general education of the travellers,
the respect prolessed liy the men towards the fiiir sex,
the protection that every Engli.ihman is ready to afford
them, and, let it 1h! added, their frozen demeanour nnd
immovalile eyes, secure them from the slightest insult or
equivocal expression. The fact which the Irish higenil
relates, thai, in the olden time, a girl, ornamented with
preeiims jewels, and a lieanty still more preeieus, walked
with a gem-decked wand in her hand through nil the
island, without experiencing either interrnption or iiisull,
is an ex|H'riment that might be made, or rather ia daily
made, in lOngland.
'i'ravelling in Ireland, it hapiirncd that one of the pns-
sengers, who had drunk a little more than he should
have done, and could hardly see tiir the wine he had had,
addressed some iipiivocal words to a lady who snt op-
posite, who, in reality, was iiglv enough to cool the rap-
lures of a Don Juan. Our liiieretia set up a cry of
alarm, and (he eoaeliinan instantly slopped (he horses,
got down, told the drunken man to gel out, and, like a
true knight, eliMlbiiged him to eonihut, — v/M\ Ihe fists.
To return, — the young ladies, therelbre, in the course
of the year, oftiii golos|M'nd some time with lliiir friends
or relations in distant parts of the country. Ity these re.
I iproiiil vi^its, their lives are in no degree changed. As
in I'.nglaud they live every where in Ihe same way, nnd
lime is every where i i|Ually distributed ; the young lady
who travels, men ly makes a ehange of place, not of
habits or oeeiipalions; she resumes her wnrli, In r read,
ing, in Ihe bouse of her hosts, iis if she were still in the
Imihoiii of lier own family: not a year passes wilhoiit one
or two of these excursions, and, when liny are of mar.
lingeablii age, their relallnus take them to pass some
weeks in Iriindon or Edinburgh. Thus, until Ihe era of
marriage, which happens iHlween twenty-two and
twenty-five years of age, their life passes in ipiiet studies
and amusements; nnil, after mnrringe, in " pleasing dii-
ties," as an amiable Kngllsh lady lolil me. Il oiil'IiI nut,
lliercfore, to excite surprise thai there ia in Kngland n
priHligloiis numlicr of i>/i/ m»ii/>. Ah their youth is not
a atnto nf slavery, n» In nibor countries, mid they enjoy,
when msmiigenlde, n liberly i<( rliuict', il linp|Mn« tlint
they are not at all anxious to shake off the iiiiitirii;
yoke, to burden themselves with that of a biislmnd, unii
that they often prefer n state of life n little insipid, am)
sometimes exposed to derision, to the miseries of an i||.
assorted union.
SEQUEL.
There arc no children in nil the world more li,\il,-
than the English, except jierhaps those of C'orri (.'■jm ij
Alhani. They are liiir ajid fresh, — true (lowers of spriiij;
exactly like the (lowers iiu(ure creates them, but cure aix
attention make them still more beautiful. The exlruut
cleanliness in which they are kept, their healthy, u^t,.
lar, nnd abundant food, the invariable mildmss ami
placability of their parents, nnd the total absence of m.
pleasing objects, all contribute to render them serene Ji
countenance nnd healthy in Imdy. If in England tl.(
ipiadriipeds have laws for their protection, nnd orators t,
speak for them in Parliament, how much care ami lui
dernesa must Ix^ the portion of the children ! Tin y j-
washed two or three times a day ; every day they chsncr
their clothes at least once, and tlieir hair is ceinlxc
twice. Who ever saw more radiant heads than thngn:'
tlie English babies ? They are golden heads. Elijranc,
is not a vanity in them, it is a habit. 1 never liiurd i
mother praising a new dress to her son, or proinisinj ;
new cap as a reward. Hence I have never seen a Irj
proudnf himself on account of his dress, or pointing wit,
vanity to his shoes. Their food is simple, — milk, |in
served fruits, bri^ad and butler, and fresh meat, wliidi t
never allowanced out to theni. 'i'liey sit at labli; H
others. I have been present many times where i,i,i
children were dining together: they carve, help iIim,
selves, behave orderly, and acquire the same deiiLi:m..„i
and the same ease and |H)lisli of manner as adults, wilt,
out trouble, scolding, or tears. The large English loav,i
piles of i)otatues, and mountaius of meat, iieem niaili u
purpose to prevent greediness, and to saliate little j;Iu|.
Ions with the sight of them alone. All this nbiinil
leaves no room for quarrclliiijfanddisputing. Thecliiliicu
abstain from wine, and, until ten or twelve, even lioin:,,
and colTee. The having no wine is not felt as privati. ,
because they sec their mothers and sisters dispense »,:
il voluntarily every day: but certainly when tiny pi,i
up they repay themselves for it with usury.
lleautiful as arc the Kngliah children, they nri> >ti.
more linppy; they arc neither slaves nor tyrants,— Iicim
neither indolent nor querulous. As I had never Imrt
long lamentations and fits of crying in genteel Innim, I
wished to ascertain if this were an advantage |H'enllari
Ihe resiiectable class'cs, nnd for that piir|Mi8e truvirw
the nieanest and dirtiest streets, and visited the iiuiin.;
and most wrelehed habitations of the city, yet I liirn:
every where, (hat the children, not treulid wilh lyraiii.;
or eonleinpt, not irritated, and, above ull, never inuikt^
jeered, or luiighed ut, jKissed
" Tliclr tender days nf yniitli,
Joyf\il and pleaaunl." 'J'uim,
IIow often have I compassionated (he fnto of my nm
tryinen, who, tormented, irrilateil, tortured by tin' L
and the governmeiit, yielding to an invincible ill^lilllt
human naliire, break out and revenge (liemselviH i4il;>
weak within Iheir (lOwer, lieeoming in their turn ll<|
tyraiilH of their fiimiliest Here tlie father diss nut inli
lire at all in the education of his sons; he is al>iiurtH'ili:|
business, nnil nbaiiilons them Iheretlire (o (he eiirrnl'i.'
mother, who very seldnm leaves hnnie, and exenilnll
sacred duty with a sweet and eonstanl equ,inimlly. I'>
iKiiinenI is exeluiled from doineslic educnlion, ns will
reward, (he slimiilus of rivalry, Theehllilrin li.ori>
sue!i an abhorrence of rending, iHCaiise, nlwnys ilnit"
of lmi(a(iiig, and nlways feeing (he table eovenil v
IssdiH, and tin ir elders reading, n( lensl, (he iiiniii',M|
able newspnper, or smne new nmel of (he ililn|,'i', li ;
alio willingly read some little book of Iheir own liiirnr;.
The niimlier of hmiks eiiinposeil witliiii the liifl ti
yi'ars In Kngland, liir Ihe inslnietiirii of Ihe yi>iilli
isilli sexes, is Inmiense. I would give n list of snnir
Iheiii, whieli iiiiglil Ihi (ranslnled and nilopled wllli ilj
vantage by other nations, nt the tool of Ihe page, Iml
Ihe eatalogiio Wiiulil lake up loo much space.
Order and ll.>' di«lribnllnn of time in a family mil
every Ihiiig easy. An inflexible order once esliiMuN
il heeoiiies Idle n law of naliiri;, which every one ofcti
\Mllioiil lliliiking of opiHisiliiiti. When Ihe day imlioi
into slaV'd porlioiiH, thern is no need of exhorlniM
reprimand,— III ry one snbniita wilhnul eomplnlnl Ixh
duly, ns he kuIiiiiiIs Io (lie vicissitudes of day ami ni(l'
■ , VOL. I
I
.«rile Alien
In this resj
(iai system
always at t
eeeds in its
'I'lie taclliit
prevent tilt
vices to the
Three tlii
eiliieation :
fliililren; tin
anil the brsli
eiiiiseil by tl
'I'he respi
earlv, and ni
right of reel
sioii of eoiiti
the /lonoiir o
und when it
ways ill ixisl
liecaiise they
lovers' niiger.
nn Imsiiiess, I
them to all lb
of niLkiiainci
a Kci'in at least
~J nro rather inc
- I'.illing the SOI
lor the same
wish (Jcorge
"Miiilame l)i
of iiiinc, listei
nf l.'i^tiireH on
imlilic nuditoi
ilaiijriiter Lali
iiliiT they had
vrrsllies, Ihe s
tliiir instruch
Tlir result of
Knglislminii (i
ns lliose of an
'I'liey do not dn
prodigal of wit
talk sheer iion
lliey can trans
niaile time n sp
u llie more ])r
ritiirns,
'J'liose who 1
nililiiessof the
male nnd temp
no liIrsHl ill (liei
Mills when the
ml ami while r
till y iNTseeiited
lliiir fillow eiti
wlirn, ill Ihe «
till' riri<t, ihey
"lliir, on the se,-
day arc so lr;ini|
"file, il is, |K rh
iini'iiiil liillies;
fnr liiv'it ; but, in
licin npieBscs ill
nlways take to b
■vile us. The I
in niMr distiiriM
mrinilyof lili';"
I'lni of mockery
i'Va!<|i.Tates the ii
nil iH'i'UHions of
liny cMT kiiiille
aiMin di.saniis Ihei
'I'o !"■ master i
Mwenlial a law ol
(lii'I'nmla nial I
nil' tlie Imiges" (i
eiinlncl wilh the i
i«lrnre. A siror
liriiK, iilhe iiiari
till' pirliainenl its
llii'ni'nhes nrr ge
lili' i<( llir miinaiii
mill |in 1 ipitiilely
•^Kw h;hh:»
i^m
■ oli' the iiiiilutiial I
of a liiisliiind, and
I little insipid, anil
miscrk'S of an ill.
worlJ more I,,vi|,
nse of Clorn |.';;in .-.t
11! llowcrs ol'siiriiij;
s llicm, but cure ail
til'ul. The (•xlriiin
tlicir hcallliy, iiju.
ialili iiiiMmsB ami
tutiil uhsciirc iif iir,.
idcr thcni srrcm a
If in Englnnd tu
•ction, and orators ij
niucli care and im.
children ! Tin y sr
rcry ilny they I'liane
heir hair is cmnljc;
it licads timu th(iH.' u:
Icn heads. Eli'jjaiiu
lit. 1 never luarils
r son, or |ironiisinj;
ive never wen a !»;
Iress, or pointing wit,
a simple, — milk, y.
I tVeBh meat, vvliidi t
i'hey sit at table lit
ny tinieti where aM
ley carve, help tluii.
the same deiiieaiiw
tanner as ndnlls, \iiti,
.- large Eiiglibli loaviv
' meat, neem ni;i(lr mJ
I to naliale little |(lii|.
'. All tiiia akundaiKt
isputinjf. TheeliildM
r twelve, even iVmnit;
Ih not felt a» privalt ,
[1 sisters dispense «...
iuiiily when tliiy gri,>
Ih nsury.
ildren, they are t[iL
nor tyrant*,— liciBcl
1 had never Imrtl
in genteel hmihes.il
ilvaiitaifc |H'eiiliatl.|
pnri><)se tnivfrml
id visited tlie i«inro:|
city, yet I l'ui>j«l|
treuti d with tyr,i«i|
ive all, never iiuKktrf
)-s of ynulli,
'J'amo.
the fate of my niitl
lorturid hy li.e L'^
iiivineihle ill^lillll
li(re theiiiMUes mli'l
ini; in their turn il>|
father diM's mil inuT
(iiih; he is aluwrWa
fore to the niri' iil'l'il
line, and eseiiilull
aiit e<|iMiiiiiiily. I'liJ
iihiealion, ns well
I'lie ehildriii Immi*]
line, always ili'»i"
• tiilde eiiverid »i;
cnsl, the iiiMiiiM
1 (if Ihi' deliit;!'
iif their own
Iwitiiin the liiFl
lilittnl
It II III n!
Live
Vid
,f the \eiillH
liHt of i"iiiii"
alio)
lied villi
It of the pni:e, lii
eh
lie i
■der I
pal
family
. esliilili'H
inl»i
|iieh every m
en the diiy i'lli'
ed of exiiiirl.iliiiiil
W^a^®!®*^ e®.m®®^ (Oim®Wm^!^llf(^ milBIEillEI';
j*"^:
'■'iM
VOI» I>
rillLAUELl'llIA, MAItCII 18, 1833.
^o. 10.
I'lUNTKU AND I'eiiMKMk:!) uv ADAM WAUIIi;, No. li, Niiierii Kiuiriii slRtikT, riiii.Aiitii.i-iliA — At ^'o liir 6'.' iiiiiiiIiits, puyahle in lulvanet;
K. *t O. S. WOOiJ, I'KisTKRs Asn I'l ui.isiiKHs, Nmv Yukk, ^
Siile Ajiclils and riilili-liLTS for llic siiile iil New V(irk ami nil llie New Knglnnd slales. )
I'llKO.MX N. (VOUII & <(). liilOKSKI.I.KUS, IIai.timiiiik,
6ole Aeeilts lor llie males uf Maryland, Viri;lliia, and Otiln, and llle city ut' New Orleans.
Ihiiiit riini|i
iliilnM'i^l
lies of day ami mc'
In this resjiect the KiikHsIi day is modelled on the celcs-
tial system ; the family rises, hreakfasls, dines, iVc.,
always at the same minute. It is a planet wliieli pro-
iwds in its orliit without iie(-d of an exterior im|nilse.
The taciturnity and rcs|ieclful awe of tin; servants also
iireveiit thein from communicating their pasi-ioni) or
liees to the children.
'i'liree things struck ino above nil llic rest in English
ediieation ; the respect wliieli the parents show to their
eliildreni their earo not to foment anger and resentment,
1,11,1 (i„, bmlily e.wreises by wliieh the waste of strength
eaiised hy those of the mind is eompensated.
'I'lie respect of the father towards his sons Iiegins
earlv and never ceiuscs. This conwsaion establishes the
rii'lit of reciprocity in favour of the f itlier, — an expres-
sion of eoiitiiinely lie never suffers to fall Iroiii liis lips :
the lionour of the son must go into society inviolate, —
and when it is inviolate, the courage to deleiid it is al-
ways ill existence. I do not here s|)cnU of the mothers,
lieeaiise they can do as they please, — theirs is always
lover.s' anger. When he receives letters, unless they are
on Imsiness, the father olVcn reads them aloud, or passes
them to all the Cmiily. He gener;i!!y a; oids making use
of iiiLknames, for there are some diminutives which
scein at least to imply ii dim'.nutivencss of merit. Thej
arc rather inclined to fall into the op))osite nlfectation, of
calling the son hy tlie family name, — //nigHuic 'Hzio, —
fcir the same reason which made Madame de Sotcnville
wish (Jeorge Dandin to call his wife not " My wite," but
"Madame I )andin." One Knglisli gentleman, a friend
of niiiic, listened witli attention and interest to a eoiirse
of I'.'ctiires on hydrostatics, delivered hy his son hel'nre a
puMic auditory ; another, who had liiinself taught his
ilan^'liter Latin, took hssoiis in Italiiin in her presence,
after lliey had lireakfasled tiigclher. 10' en in the uni-
lersilies, the students ore always treated as eipials hy
their instrneters, and esteemed and received as men.
The result of this most rational itiiiwcttc i--, that the
Kairlishman (not Imrn, iH'vhaps, with liieulties so ready
ns llmsc of nn Italian) liecomcs a man miieli sooner.
They do not dazzle with brilliiinl sayings,tlicy are never
|irn(ligiil of wit, hut they are always seiisilde, and never
talk sheer nonsense. They eaniiol turn a sonnet, but
lliev can transact business. The Mnglish nation has
iniiile lime a sjn'cies of capital, — so that the life of a man
ii the more jiroduclivc Uio sooner he begins to make
reliirns,
'I'hose wlin admire nR well nH those who ridicule the
eiililnessof the I'aiglish, klieve that it is the ctfect of eli.
mate and tcMi|M'raiiiciil. It is ollcii said that they have
niiiilmul ill their veins. Hut had they no hlood in their
Mills when they spilt so iiiucli in the civil wars of the
rid and white roses.' — when, under the reign of Mary,
tin V |MTsi'iiited and cruelly used so many thousands of
lln ir tlliiiH citizens for llicir religions npiiiiinis: — niiil
wiieii, ill (he war between the I'arli.imenl and ("harks
the rirst, they eoiiliiiiieil for years sluiighti ring each
nther, on llie sealVold or the liclil/ If the lOiiglish of our
day are so train|uil,aiid so cohl that lliey seem lo us mei
iif iee, il is, |H rh.ijis, liecausc they have rejM'iiled of tlicir
iineieiil follies; perhaps Is'caiisc lln y have no oicasion
fur heal ; hill, most probably of all, because llicir cdiica-
liiiii lepiesscs ill them those w ill-o'-lhc-w isp fires that we
nlways Uike to he the signs of a videano, and so olU'ii de-
ceive us, 'I'liii Iriilh is, that in their education the sou!
in never disturlxd hy the jiassinns, — "winds adverse to
MTinily of life;" there exists ind iiiiifiiigst them that eiis.
Iiini of mockery and satire in liimilie.', which so highly
eviis|»rales the minds of children, '•'•ii' mnilier avoids
nil iMcaHloiis of cxciling the wriitli of fur children; if
Ihey ever kindle into ragn and U lid tin ir brows, she
iHKiii disarms Iheiii with a caress.
Til Iw iniistcr of oneself— " lo keep the lcin|Hr," is h<i
cwienliiil a law ol iihieiilion, thai il almost ii|i|H'ars lo Is
Iheliindiiiiciilal law of llic stale. Il is not allowed to " go
iilf llie hinges" (as the Tuscans have il), i illicr when in
rimlnel with the servants or the dirtiest scoimdrel in ex
inlenec. A strong resentmc'il, expressed in dreoroiis
teriim, is the iiiiirk of the Keiilleman in I'.itghiiid. In
the parliiinient ilscif, those HjN'nkcrs who i miiiioI reslriiin
IheMinelviH are gcneriilly ceiisiircil, and ilei iiied iiicnpa
llie nf till nianiigcnient of grinl nlf.iirs. \ duel i nieri d
mill pri I ipiliilely is Ihought its l^numiniimH ua to avoid
one in a cowardly manner. Mr. Ilaniilton Rowan (la-
ther of Comniodorn Kowan), lately, thought himself in-
jured by some expressions of a speech delivered in par-
liamcnl, and, although loaded with the weight of scveiily-
live years, immediately set out from Dublin to dfinand
an explanation from the orator in London. N<ites weic
r.xehiiuged, and each party sclcclcd a friend to aet for
him in the affair. Mr. Ilowaii did not know how to put
up with the insult, nor how to draw back with propriety.
At last be suhmitled the case lo an e.\-jiidge, a man de-
licate in atf.iirs of honour. As soon as this referee had
proiiotiii<!e(l that if he insisted on iiiort! he would be in
the wrong, and forfeit the esteem of his friends, the
eoiirageoiis old man returned to Uiiblin, to continue his
labours in the line arts. If the olfencc really exists, a
duel becomes the legitimate ond inevitable resource ;
this was the ease many years ago, when the Duke of
York, till" second son of the king, addressed a loo-sting-
ing reproof lo a colonel of the (iiiards at a review. The
colonel, before demanding salisfaelionof theduke, asked
his friends if they thought him injured ; they replied in
the aflirmativc, the challengo was sent, and UiB duel
took place.
English rdncalion is not like the system of Pythago-
ras, who, by five years of constant silence and restric-
tion to vegetable food, made his disciples so many monks
ofljiTrappe. Neither docs il rcscmblo stoicism, ne-
cording to which a man should eontiiiue im|)erturbalilc as
a statue though the world should be falling to pieces
around him. English education is an English system,
like no other, iHirii in I'aighmd, produced by a variety ot
eireumstaiiecs, partly jierhaps from their being at one
and the same lime a warlike and a commercinl nation,
which lend to repress the passions on frivolous occasions,
.tnl lo give Ihcm the rein on those of ■iii|>orlanee. In
liimily matters, in social intercourse, in every-day dis-
cussions, it demands calmness, coolness, deliliertttion.
In great enterprises, in war, in the |ieriU of llie I'onnlry,
it culls for courage and enthusiasm. That same Eng-
lishmaii who hardly returns your salute, and who sits at
table with you like a ( 'liineso pagoda, would, did yon
see him in *lie day of b.itllc, or in the heat of a contest-
ed election, give himself U|i to mihounded enthusinsm.
Where is the eiilcrpri.se by which glory may be gained
that I he Englishman docs not engage in heart and soul'
.Vlungo Park pliiii,-es alone in the deserts of Africa ; un
intimidated by the mistake of his first journey, he risks
a second, — and perishes. ('aptaiiiCochranerelurnBonfool
from Kaiiilschalka to St. Pelerdiurgli, a distance of six
thousand miles, iilone anil unfriemh'd, as ifilhadbeena walk
in Hyde Park ; he gi»'s to America to lake another stroll,
across the Cordilleras, — and there he dies. T^ord Ilyroii
ahandons the sweet converse of the Muses, tlio yet dearer
smiles of the Itiilian liiir, to die on a foreign soil, in the
defence of the freedom of a liireign land. Loril I'ocli-
raiie, allcr having liniglit both in the Atlantic and the Pa-
cific liir Ihc iiidepi ndeiicc of the new slates of Aincriea,
Hies lo the .\rclii|H'lago to share the gkiry of a handful
of (irceks, who lor six years had been struggling with
the inonklroiis tyranny Unit oppressed tlieiii. ilcad the
life of Sir Kolsrt \\ IImhi, and you will see how many
pi rlls he has viiliiiiliirily incurred, always in favour uf
llie oppres.scd, whether kings (in the end luigrateful) or
nations (too little grateful) or individuals (most graleful
of all); very well, any of these men, who showed, in
these cases, an cnlhusiasm worthy of a knight-crraiil,
would have disdained, in sneiiil life, lo have Im'iii giiilly
of an net of iiiipatieiii;e, even towards a servant.
It wiiiild seem as if llonsseau, who oiiee lived for
some time among the English, tisik from tbi in tin
principal ideas of the physical cdilciitioii of his Einiliiis.
Till' gymnaslles of the English are almost all applied to
praetieal uses. In Ihe same miiimer that Ihcy do not
sillily the laws of nations, nor the lapidary styh', lN>eansc
Ihcy Is'lievc lliein useless ncipiisillons, they do not learn
feniiiig, nor the graiiil leap, nor the soiiiersefs of clowns,
nor the ea|" rings of ballet dancers; — but Ihey learn, in
stead, to ride on horsebiiek at full gallon, lo leap lirdges
and dilchcs, to swim, lo leap willi the leel logclher, and
lo eliiiih Irees. We leiirii with groat liilsiiir the art of
fencing, M* iiseli" . I'xccpl to a iiiiiii who wants to kill
or be kilh'd aicnrding lo rule, — in war «ven il in of lit
lie advantagi. The Kn|;lish, iiii-tead, leant tho uil of
boxing, which (laugh os you will) is useful in every mo-
ment of life. We are dexterous at billiards, a dexterity
which admits of no other application, like, rii smiie de-
gree, the Indian game at b.ill. The English, instead,
from inlancy even to old age, delight to play at cricket,
a game ill the open air, which requires strength, dcxicrily,
luickness, and some little intrepidity, lo await without
tlinching tho heavy hall which one of the |ilayers
throws with all his force at some wooden stakes, and
another heats hack with a kind of club, rox-lmnting,
shwiting, horse-racing, Bwimming, rowing, drivin;v,
cricket, skating, arc exercises which keep almost ell
ages in perpetual motion. Like the (jrceks, the English
think gymnastics nnbecoming, to no age whati ver, and
lo no profession. In hunting, at cricket, and at skaliiig,
I have uiXcn found myself in company with lioys, with
elergymen, and men advanced in years, all mixed tngc-
tlicr. In all these exercises, the object is not to henutily,
hilt to fortify, to iteel, as they call it, the body. There
are few Tartars who would he able to support the fatigne,
which is sometimes borne with cheerfulness by the
young Englishman in a hard day's fox-lmniiiig. On
the first day of the present year there was a hunt near
York, in which the horsemen in lidlowiiig a very strong
and wary fo.x, rode fifly-two miles in six lionrs and a
half, without a check e.xcept for about ten miiiiites.
Nobody can ever frighten tho lioys with the iilca of
danger. The Spartans used to say, when they threw a
weak horn infant over the cliff, that il was belter a
child should die, than a citizen should grow up useless
to his country. When the English let their chihlreu
sliile on thinly frozen rivers, it seems as if they tlioiighl,
— and wisely too, — that il is belter to run the risk of
losing a sun, limn have him timid and pusillanimous all
his life long. Not softined then by immiHler.ilc caresses,
nor terrified by scowling oyehrovvs or terrihie menaces,
the English boy is free in his niovements; — he sits on
the ground or jumps to his feel at his own will ; be lies
on the sofa or the grass as he pleases : provided only he
do not disturb others, he may gratify any iiinoeciu ca-
jirice of his own. In this way he is continually niakhig
trials of hjiiself, liecomes accustomed to observe and
j.ulge, compares his means with the diflieultics to bo
overcome, sounds the depth of dangers, and acipiircs \ i-
gour, and confidence in liis own strength. At the agi;
of six or seven, the child is already able to go ahiiie tu
silimil through the crowded streets of Iiondon, amidst
that 8lU|Miidons medley of earls, carriages, and horses.
It is true, indeed, that the inviolable and unviolaled foot-
ways of the English cities are a guide and proteelion
for lioys; but. giving due weight to tlii.f, the inslances of
their Ixiiiig run over or injured by carriages are so very
rare, that they should not be delrauded of the nieril ol
their precious goinl sense. The fear natural to man is
itself a suflieient Mentor again.sl danger, without tho
need of increasing it hy an excess of eaulion. I rciiieni'
Iht (and with a sigh I remember it) having seen on tlin
lakeofConio tho children of the fishermen and tho
moimtaineers, both ei|Ually abandoned to their owii
care. Iridic on tlui banks of the lake, entrust tbciUBelvi'H
in little Ismts to the wnnlon waves, play on the very
edge of decii wells, climb up precipices, and hang like
wild gnats iVom the lolly rocks, without ever falling, or
doing ihemselves the least injury : and wo must confess
that llie jMipiilation of our lakes are llio niost richly en-
dowed with eniirago and with talent.
All the hoys ill the iskiiid can ride, iHeanse they are
aceiislonicd lo il from the lendcre^t age. No one hi-
eompanics them ; — Ihey go, they rove, Ihcy wnniler by
lliemscWes; Ihcy treat their jsniy as a lonipaiiioii, Ihcy
Ii 111 him mid clean him themselves, Ihcy let him lake his
needful rest. Uicy do mil abuse his ihM'ilily, iKcause he in
the comriide of their ailvenlures. On ibis head. Miss
Edgeworlh's prelly little novel «f " Lightfool" may Im
eonsulted with advantage.
LilH'rly is the mistrcBS of rrery thing in Eniland. In
imitation of thr government, winch ini|HHirs as few lawn
as it ran, there are in every thing but lew and indi»|>pn-
salde restrictions. The trees arc not mainud, or contort,
eil, or sbiarcd, hut grow gnarled luid branchy at lh( ir
will, in till' parks and the fields. The lioimcs are nut
arehileelurised and symmetrised out nf all iHiimds, nt (hi
exju'iiso of internal eonvtniener, Imt ir» »otiicliniM cot-
■ V i' ."'I '' ' '\''.\.'\
' ., 1»'.'; ' , -r. '.'Kfl
mi: 'm
W:
t ■.■•
"r'^H
'-'^-
,• -'li''
i,
■ \ \
■ ;>
• ■■ \A
' [
'.■:!
'. .''i
11
;Vi:'**
i
146
THE ITALIAN EXILE IN ENGLAND.
>"
pulent, and Bometimcs awry, but always well dividod and
convenient witliin. The horses arc not irritated or crip-
pled by useless exercises and mimic movemcntH, but are
strong, sinewy, and the swiftest of the swift. Here, in
ehort, education is rather a patlcni, a guide, than a vio-
leut compression. Of all civilised people, tlie English arc
the least removed from nature. I am not, however, a
blind admirer of every thing done in tliis country. Tliere
arc two things iu tliu present system of education I can-
not approve.
First, tlic excess of reading. When Rousseau wroU^
his Emiliu.i, there was much less reading in England, —
perhaps too little : now tliere is too nmeh. There is now
•uch an inundation of poetry, novels, romances, and lite-
rary journals, that many minds must bu slitled under it.
At three years of age, ititcllcetual oducatioi\ rommenees:
nt the infant schools, tl.e bnl)y has already before liia eyes
the elements of several sciences. Then come fable and
little histories; then Iintin, (jSreek, and liistory, mingled
witli voyages and travels, romances and magazines with-
out end. Tlio mind has no time to digest this incessant
food ; — a new novel drives from the recollection that ot
tlie preceding week, as a new wave presses upon and de-
stroys its predecessor. Several times I chanced to ask
Bomu youlli the plot of a romance lie had read a few
months before, — lie had no more than a slight indistinct
recollection of it, as one lias of a dream. A more cer-
tain inconvenience of this coaKcIcss reading is weakness
of sight, whicli is very common in England. 1 cannot
prove that myjudgmcnton tlio subject is correct, because
English education, in all its parts, csjiecially the intellec
tiial, underwent a tliorough alteration about twenty years
ago, and tlio cft'ects of this assidiious and inordinate rend-
ing have not yet had time to show tliomsclvcs. Twenty
years more must elapse before it can be dttermincd will)
certainty, wliether, iu respect to solidity of judgment,
and vigour of body, tliero has been gain or loss.
My second objection is to the stays worn by the ladies.
After having read llio eloquent reprobation of this de-
Hlruelivo bienslwoik in Heeearia's Lessons of Political
Economy, after liearing the opinions of the ItnUaii pliy-
sicians who succeeded iu banishing it from the Orphim
Schools, after having listonod a thousand times to llie
just remarks of the good Italian mothers on the dreadful
eonseiinenees of this barbarous ligature, I little ex|iecti'd
to fiuil it still in use in sober and sensible England. II
is but too true. The English ladies are imprisoned in
stays, and in slays ho still", that to tmbrarc them is like
embraeing an oak. They stand as bolt nfiriglit in this
cuirass, us our midberry trees in the woiKlen fences |iut
round them, when they are still tender. .Mnny English
Indies, to whom 1 liinled my surprise, told nie that they
believed one of the causes of the many cmi»tiin|)tive ma-
ladies til which young Englishwomen ore subject, is tlie
use of stays, with busks of bone or steel, — and this is
vny likely the ease. I will eontinc myself to tjliservinj;
further, that lliiseuii'ass renders them as stilVund unbc inl-
iug as a liedge-stake, while our ladies are us soft and
lle.vilile as a silken cord.
Now then to proceed in my relleetions. The physical
education of the present day is, with very little variation,
the same as that of tho past. It is [nrhapa more the
illect of aeeident tlinu (fysl. rn, uuliko that of I.yeurgus
mid tliose of Pestalozii and Kellenberg in our time. II
is theeiri'ct of the elimate,of tlie ennimeri'ial institution:!,
and the iiiarilime situation of England, and the aii( lent
custom of its inhabitants. .Moral education, on the other
hariil, liMs undergone extensive <:hanges since I.cicke and
fiord Chesterfield wrote npiai the snbj( el, and these ehnn
ges ton are the elfect of the reflection and recomiueada.
tion of men of learning and wisdom.
Two men, of most extraordinary patience and perse-
verance, Mr. I.aneaster and Dr. Itell, made il the busiiii-ss
of their lives to diUnse inslriielion uiiiversnlly among IIk
lower classes. Willioul here (liseusslng tde ini rils ol
Uousseau'sEmiliiis,it is certainly n Ixiidiliir the (■<lu(-,itin
ol'nn individual, net a multitude. 'I'he Emilian systei
might neiKe oni^ hero earp'-nlrr, hut net a wlnde Mnliori
of c:ir|ienti'r heroi s. A nntinu i-alls liir ensy inethodH,
suited more for n mullitn<le than an individual; iu this
point of view. Hell unci l.ineasler were of greater Use
to soeiely than Housseau.
Many of tlii> nioKl iflustrinuii inpml)rr« of parliament,
nt Ibc same lime Hint they watch the hnlaneo of Euro|K<,
the wars of the Indies, and the eoniinerco of the world,
arc occupied also in timnding'.infant schools and mec-han
ics' institutions, — In the eomposilion and dill'usion of ii
|xipuliir i'ncye|o|)iediii. Many of the Ik-sI isiets did not
disdain to lower tin ir lliirhl, iiud ndn|il their produetioiix
lo the liinry niid en|i,ii-ity of ehildren, as tiny. Words
worth, Mil. barlNiuM, and othori; und many prose
authors liavc likewise contributed to enrich the library
of the young, as Paley, Aikin, Watts, Blair, Friestley,
Ualdwin, &.c.
But in recent times the fair sex has supplied the juve-
nile library with numbers of useful works. I do not al-
lude to I.ady Morgan, nor Lady Dacre, nor Lady t'har-
lottc Bury, nor .Mrs. KadclitVe, nor any of the other Eng-
lish ladies who have favoured the world of letters with
either poem or romance; I s|ieak of those who", without
departing from the ordinary sphere of the attributes of
their se.v, have desired to contribute to tlio ornamenting
and dcvelopcinent of the minds of those beings whose
lives arc made and modified by them up to the ago of
twelve or fourteen years. Even those severe and invidi-
ous censors who would condemn tho fair se.T to tho needle
and the distaif cannot deny that woman, who rears and
suckles the child, who leaches him to run alone, to stam-
mer out words anil sentences, and finally to read and
write, ought best to know the progress of the human
mind, and must have, on this first period of existence,
more experience than a Bacon or a Plato. The English,
who read more than any other nation, and admire highly
the originality of the Greek nn<l nomaii writers, are not
to be led astray by prejudices or customary modes of
thinking no longer adapted to our situation, but reward
with applause and gratitude those ladies who, instcail of
wasting tlioir time at whist, in feminine fripjicrics, or in
knitting a pair of stockings tliat might be bought nt a
shop for half tho cost, havo cultivated their minds sulli
ciently to enable them to compose tales or [loetry, or ele
mentary scientific works, for tho uso of youth. Where
arc tho heads of a family in the three kingdoms of (ireat
Ilritnin, who do not speak with gratid'ul respect of Miss
Ecdgeworth, as the inslruetrcss of tlicir children?
ISOLATED OBSERVATIONS.
It is here necessary that I should say a few words on
the English novels which are now priiit(^d in shoals, and
read by every body, not excepting either the king or tin
lord ehaneellor.* Among ns, and over almost all th(
continent, tliere is a feeling against novels, almost amount,
iiig to horror: how happens it then that the English-
wlio sets so high a value on their intellect and morals,
should put themselves iu such mortal ha-^ard of losing
both? There appear to me to be two strong reasons in
favour nf the English novels. Far from supping and un
dcrmiiiing the imagination and the heart, none of thc^ in
finily of novels now published, venture even to agitate
them, or at most only to go so far ns to gently touch tliem.
In all of them there is not a page in the style of rniiblas,
or the Linisons Diiiigereuses, the free novels nf Boccne.
cio, or the still freer ofAbbate Casli: in these respects,
the modern novels are even mor<! unexeeplioiiaMo than
the English novels of till- last century, such us (^Inrissn,
Tom .Tones, Joseph .\ndrews, the first jiart of Pamela,
and Uoderiek Random ; which neither were nor are read
commonly, at least by the young. Tliero are no novels
of till- present day that steep the soul in sentiment, like
the Neuvelle Eloise of Roussenu, which it is impossibli'
to rend without haudkereliief in hand, and "sighing like
furnace;" nor, finally, in reading any of tlieiii, is there
any risk of becoming such goggle-eyed, mnggot-lieaded,
asthmatic sinners as the (icrniaii romance of Welter, and
its double, Jncopo Ortis, would lend to make us. The
modern English novels (till now at least) have been only
iiino(unl pictures of the maimers, customs, and prejudi-
ces, of the many classes, sects, and sets, and , indiviilnnl
originals, that are to be met with in England mere than
elsewhere, from the liberlv wliieli leaves a latitude and u
vent tiir the character ol every one. They are rnlhcr
eoliiedies in three or linir vnlumes (insleail of three aits,)
Ihnn collections of ailveiitnres, maile "thick nnd slab"
with mnrtyrising passinns. S|M^aking of the English
novels, nil .\inericaii writer exi hums, "Thrice lilcsl be
he who first imagined those plenvant lletions wliicli so
swietly begnili' the weight of weariness, elieir lip lie-
diiviping spirits with n 'eiip that ilifnn, hitl nut i/n-
iDiiitm,' ligiiten the honors ot'a rainy day, bn nk tlio ti -
dinm of a long wintei-'s evening, niiil impart some life and
vigour lo the dullest of all hiiiiiun't'ormalilios — a luiiilly
eonversation."
Another consideration in llivoiir nf theBo novel,! Is,
that if there were none, many |n nple would not rrnd nt
nil : they are like iiewspn|H'rs, the rending of those who
do not read. Most iniiple rend only lo pa»» nwny the
• TJti' KInif tnlfljf urnt n t>nni1»nnip |»i#»rnt to 'be ntillmrwii nf n
nnvrl rnlUil ''KlirlRtliiiii" ntti) wtirn n initRn nr n rniitinitllfir trn-
vrls, lilnwUn nr ilniif|li(<tr iH'vi-i IhiIhIii |)iii tiiiii titsi .itrmie ilir Insi
iiriv UHVi'l. by wnv nC I'lvlna lilni « ceinpoiilun lur lil» Jimriiiy
more ngrwuble tliin « Blukatunu
time. Is it not better, then, to read anmusing novel a
written in good laiigunge, than to go stalking ahoui
with the hands crossed behind, in tlic piazza of Si.
Mark ? or yawning in a colTee-rooni, disputing en Un,
merit of ojiera dancers and prima donnas, killing, ini-an.
while, the Hies that arc stinging the handx and tiice ? u,
planting oneself in the village apothecary's shop, to liolj
sweet converse amidst tlio ctHuvia of cataplasms, nlxjut
tlie loves of tlic curato and his servant maid 7
Lift of Engliili nuthoresttt and their works, eompiled at
my request by some tery obliging young tadtea.
Tho<e linviug Iliis iiimli * Imva been republlBlicil in America.
M.\niA EnoEwoRTii, an Ikisii laht. — •Early Les.sonj,
*( 'ontiuuatioii of En rly Lessons, •Parents' Assistant
•Pojiular Tales, »Tales of Fashionable Lite, »Patri)ii.
age, *Belinda, •Readings iu Poetry, *Practical Eduoa.
tion.
.Mas. BAnnAL'i.D, of Ixi.ndon. — »EarIy Lessons, •Ilymm
in Prose for Chiklren, *Part of Evenings at Home.
Mas. PniseiLi.A Wakefiki.d. — *Mcntal Imiirovenicnt,
•.Iiivcnile Travellers, •Family Tour through ili.!
British Empire, Travels iu North America, *Instiiitt
Disjilaycd, •Sketches of Human Manners.
Mas. Maria Hack. — Winter Evenings, *IIarry Bcaudiv,
Grecian Stories, Stories from English History.
Mas. CArrE, of Youk. — Memoirs of Herself.
Mrs. IIofi-and. — "Son of a Genius, "Blind Farnior,
•Good (irandmnther, "The Olliccr's Widow, •Tljc
Clergyman's Widow-, •'Ilio Merchant's Widow.
Mi.^s Jamb Tavloh, ov Onoah. — *Original Poems, »S!iii.
day-Seliool Hymns, *Hynini! for Infant Minds, 'Dis
play, a Talc.
Miss AiKis, or Lo.NixiN. — 'Juvonilo Correspomlinct,
•Selection of Poetry, Essays and Poems, Femali
Sjieaker.
.Mrs. Han.naii Mors, neah Bristol. — »On Eduenii
•"Knered Dramas, •I'ractieiU Piety, •Spirit of Prajir,
•Tracts.
iMiss Harriet Martlnkau, op Norwi<:ii. — Devotional
Exercises, Christmas Day, or. The Friends.
.Mas. E1.17.AWET11 Hamilton, of EuiNniiRdii. — *Letter.s
Hdneation, •Memoirs of Agrippina, •The Cottagia> ul'
(ilenhurnie.
.VIr.s. Marc'Et, of LoNiMiN. — •Conversations on ("liiniis
try, 'Conversiilions on Natural Philosoiihy, •(^nm-i.
Siitions on Political Economy.
Mrs. TniMMr.n. — "Fabulous Histories, *Introductii]U In
the Knowledge of Nature, •Scripture Histories.
.•\.\' Anonvjious Lady. — ".Memoirs of Lndy Raciiel Uii».
sell.
A COUNTRY WAKE.
.■\ltliough Catholicism has been runoimccd in Englniid ]
fir lliree centuries, some cnstoms, prejudices, uikI I'lMi.
vals, that the elmreh of Runie or the I'riars intnabiml,
are nevertheless not yet extirpated. In the siiiiie mniiiur,
ninny of the riles and eerenioiiies of Pagiinism still miii.
sisted, even after the Christian religinii hnil plunleil ili
slnnilnrd on its ruins. To destroy a moral ediliic, nf
wlintever kind, and however absurd it may he, is iniirli
more dilUenlt tlinn to annihilate works entirely ciiii.
sliucted by tlie hand of iiinn. The revolutions of rin.
pires, of gnvernmenis, nf religions, nnd of lnngin;;u,
supply illuslratioiis''of this position in abiinilnnce ; Iml,
willioul wandering too liir, without everi|uilting Engl;iiiil,
I iiciil only pnicTeil to say, thai I have before me n l«mk
printed a eenliiiy ago, by a elergyiiiaii of Newi';i>llf,
enlilled " Antiipiitates Viilgures," iu which Ibis (JkkI
ininister meiitious all the ceremonies, sU|H'rslilions, anil
po|iiil:ir prejudices, to Ihi extinguished by means of III.'
iiiKtrni'tiiin of th>' lower orders, It np|H'ars llint nl
that tiniii the lower orders of English believnl in
apparitions that wnlked abroad in tho nigUt, in gliiwli
t'inl hnunti'd the ehunhyards, in liubgobliiis, witilu*,
and fnirns, in the inngie virtues of certain wells nnJ
liiiiiitninN, iu a devil with cloven feel, in hnimled Iiiiufi'*,
iu the evil aiigiiry of a linre's criwHing the pntli, nt*
iiK'k's lawiiig, iii'nii owl's liiHiling, nnd u hundied ntlur
nonsenses id that sort, which the hernesof nntiiiiiily ni"!
the kiiii;htii uf the rmiiid table uiice bclicvtd in, niiil nut
• Hitinn nf lliiii-nli
»»ini|ili|ii|in««ii)jr,
TUE ITALIAN EXILE IN ENGLAND.
M7
iniiiUBing novel g
go BtQlking- oliout
tlic piazr-a of 8|,
, disputing on tin
nas, killin;;, ininii.
landu and face > uf
lary's sliop, lo lioiil
' cataplatiinK, about
t maid ?
teorie, eompiltdat
young ladttt.
bliBlicd in America.
— * Early I.cssnns,
I'arcnta' Assistant,
alilc Life, •Patron.
, *Practical Educa.
Lessons, •Ilynin!
ninga at Home.
ital Improvcimnt,
I'our tliroiii,'li til..
America, *lnstiiK|
anners.
[s, "Harry Bcaufty,
isii History.
Icreolf.
a, 'Dlind Fiirnicr,
!r'8 Widow, •Tlie
mi's Widow.
ifinal Poems, »Siin.
[nfant Minds, >l)is.
!o Corrospoiidrrift,
ul Pounis, Feiiiak
.. — *On lOdnrulidii,
, 'Spirit ol" Prujir,
iwidii. — Dcvcjlioriil
Friendb.
iiRdll. — *Letlers(iii
•'I'lieColtajicrh uf
"tit ions on ("liftiiis.
ilusojiliy, •(liiimi-
', *Introduclioii l-i
IlistorieN.
J.iidy Itadiel litis.
liiincud in rii|.'lnii(l
fjiidicus, uikI ll'Kli.
I'rinrs iiitrmliinil, I
the siiini^ iiiiniiirr, |
[nfriinisiii Hi III Hiili.
|<ii liiid pifiiili'il !!■
moral edillcr, ..f
may he, is iniioli
Irks enliri'iy imii.
LvdIulinnK of itii.
lind of lninrii:i|;r»,
nliinidanc'c ; Iml,
(|iiitlin>; Kii|.d:iiiil,
iu'lorc mr II l«"'k
liiii of Nettciihllr.
jwliii'li lliis (JhhI
'ii|H'rHli(ioiis, mill
liy inrniiM of lli.'
ap|K-ars tlint iil
I'.isll lirlii vid III
ni({lit, in (.'liiwn
LobiiiiK, witiliiv,
lertoin wilh nnJ
jiniinlcd liiiiiri'*,
tliii lialli, lit' •
II liniidii'd ntlii'
iifanlii|iiity "ii'l
L'Vid in, nnil otit
„r«s and children bcliovo in still. There is not an
1-nrlish i>oet, from ShaUspeare to Walter Scott, who has
t ivailcd hini.self of these popular prejudices, as a my-
1 .,' y or iwetic macliinery, to increase wonder -ind
I rir the two passions they handle most suhliniely.
l„t what is beautiful in poetry, is often very ditFerent
nracticc. llencu the good curate, Uounio of New-
l|,, irencrously spurniiiR tlie gain wluch sonic of his
iincti'oii e.vact from similar hng-ljoars, dedicated his book
„ the municipal authorities of tlio town, and ciirnestly
' horted them to establish scliools for the people, as a
*iii;ans more enicaeious than holy water, to send all dc-
filrics packing to the devil again. His prayers were
hcirii ; for in the century since, popular instruction has
Toiw on increasing, dispersing pliantoms by its light,
Jill freeing houses, woods, and heaths, from flying
jraiions and dancing witches. Lot it bo well noted, that
iiisleiid of religious seiilimeiits growing weaker in con-
ieniiciicc, it can l)C proved that in England they have
ie(|iiireil strength by their being purified from puerile
■nreiiidices. The atmosphere, however, is not yet rpiite
clear ; those who read the romances of Walter Scott
(aiid who docs not I) will see that nocturnal spectres,
Ives and fairies, still niaiutain somo dominion in tlie
iii.juiil.iiiis of Scotland.
(Vinmig the feasts that tho catholic religion obserycs
from precept, and that tho lower orders of tho Fnjrlish
still keep iu some counties as holidays, is that of Wlut-
8initiile. In Yorkshire, many villages, in the week fcd-
lo» iiig Whit-Sunday, celebrate in turns a rural festival,
..ml I will now relate how I happened to fuid myself
iireseiit at one of these.
It was tlie beginning of June, and (sunset, which in
ill Knglaiid is always finer than sunrise. There was
not that mistiness alloat whieli so often olL-iCures and
IcuiiccalM all the beauties of the landscaiie. The heaven
wxi of a lovely azure, studded here and there with ileecy
clouds which only concealed now and then the face of
tlio sun, to make his splendour seem more brilliant and
more grateful when he re-appeared from behind them,
A fresh wind rustled the boughs, and gavo an agreeable
clian^'o and variety to tho surface of the beautiful
IJiiglisli meadows. I give these few jieneil touclns, that
it niiiv he perceived what a dilVerencc there always is
liehveen a line Italian and a fine Eiif;lisli day, and to be
alile lo wind up, in all sincerity and frankness, with the
ilcclaraliou, that when the sun in England shines with
ull liis lustre, and with siitlicient (Kuvi'r to light up all lh<!
iilijrels around (which happens a very few times in a
ve.ir,) Knclaml is not only the most bi;anliful country in
tlie w orld,* but a day of really line weather in l''.ngland,
liiijctlier with its lilHTly, is worth ten years of life spent
miller the azure skies of enslaved and enervated coun-
tries ; —
" .\ day, an hour of virtuous lilierty.
Id worth a wholu eternity of bondage 1"
,'IUilisoti'a Cuto.
'I'aking n stroll on tlio skirts of the city, without any
I fueil ohjeet, 1 |)erceived that n good many iktsoiis were
likiiiir their way along a fine ronil, bordered with lofty
iiuil liranching trees, as well as with a uniform lieilgc,
well Iriinmed, and altogether in as complele order as
that iif an Italian garden, whgn cultivated with care and
foi.il will. Such are iihiiost all tho hedges which sur.
riiiinil the fields in England. The greater leisure of tJie
I Kncliidi country people, the excellence of tjieir cutting
iiiipleiiieiitH, their care in protecting tjieniselves from tlie
I llinrns with mittens and tliiek leatlier aprons, ond their
love of order and neatness, altogether o|H.'rate lo innke
I the eoninionest hedges as well kept as lliose in the virinity
ol'.iiir gruah'st cities. I determined to follow the tiaek,
I iinil was well eontent that I had done so, Is-eause this
firing of iH' iple, which resembled n swarm of anis, led
[ me tna villa;;e called Heslinglon, three miles from York;
mill one of those festivals I have lM-en Inlking about was
enleliralini; Ihere. It is n vilhgo inhabited entirely by
|i.'a.<anlry and farmers; the lion, es, IhiTefore, arc. almost
all liiiill ill the same form, and with tho same nrrani;e-
iiieiil. 'I'liese villn|,'o mansions are in general covered
Hilli a rnof liirmed of long straw, well bouiiil li;gether,
mill so lliiek thai it not only preserves the lioii-e from
rain and snow, but also tVom llio ndd, niiil. In summer,
t'liwii eviessive heat. Thus this colliigo roof is often
miitatiil by ihe English in their summer houses by the
neiuiili, especially in the nlessant Isli' of Wight, where
llii'v fur that reason Is.iir tlio namo of riillnirit, — a iiiiiiio
lliat iiwiikc lis so many swrel emotions when allliienee
* H.iiiie III' thill cinni'n Ainerlinn rcailirt will bu rci.ly, un i>c-
' i»in8 ililH |iaii«ii(j«., 10 illlllr I rum liliii.— W.
instead of poverty dwells within. All tho windows are
glazed; there was not oilo pane broken or wanting
throughout tho village. Seventy years ago paper held
tho place of glass ; tho peasant is altogether improved
with the imjirovemcnt of agriculture ; another fact in
op|iosition to tho discouraging theory of Ortes, that the
wealth of a state can never increase but in npp<.'arancc,
in favour of tho few, and to the injury of the many.
It is most true, as is asserted bj' somo writers on |)oliti-
cal economy, that tho system of leases, ond tho large
farms ( conscjjuenco of this, and of tho substitution of
meadow for arablo land), have not only diminished
tho agricultural population of England, in comparison
with what it might liavo been, but have divided it into
two classes, tho first, — a email one, of farmers, and the
other, a most immcrous one, of lalroiirers, or peasants,
with no land of their own, in tho survice of tho farmers.
It is, however, not true that these jieasants, although
merely tho hired servants of the farmers, and often as-
sisted by tho parish with from two to tbriui shillings per
week, according to the number of their children, aro ))oor
and wretched. I will venture to say, that they are hap-
pier than a great |)oitiou of our small farmers. If the
happiness of men is to be estimated by their dress, food,
and lodging, it may bo broadly said, that the state of
these English labourers is imieh better than that of our
small farmers, who cat only brown broad made of coars
flour, drink water, scarcely ever have meat, and iu winter
warm themselves at I'utid ox-stnlls.
To the farm houses of iCngland there aro not such
spacious thrashing floors atlaelied as hi Italy, on which
iii.ay bo seen broods of duck.", the hen surrounded by her
chickens, the turkeys swelling with rage, and challenging
ono another to satisfy their Jealousy. Hero the ground
is princijially employed in pasture; grain is not so abun-
dant as with us, and, besides, the climate d'Ks not allow
them to thrash in our maimer, ou ojiuu floors. Here
covered over thrashing machines are used, moved by
steam or horses, and that cost 101)/. or I'Ml. sterling to
set up. The farm yard therefore is moro eonfiiud, and
serves only for the horses and cows, which, when they
arc not in the open (kids, wander about and lie down in
these farm yar'ls, which are covered witli straw an arm's
length deep, by way of providing them a soil and ample
bed. ""he uniformity of tlie.sc houses is pleasantly varied
by a con.spicuous house, built in the style of the castle
])alaees of Queen Elizabeth's day.i. With its high towers,
which once expressed tho necessity of ilefeiice against
sudden assault, and with its large, high, and numerous
windows, that display more eonlldeiiee and security, it
forms an agreeable contrast wilh the simple and humble
habitations tJiat surround it, and Kcems, like a feudal ba-
ron of the si.vteenth century, armed iind accoutred, in full
array, in the midst of his obcilii iit vassals. This fantiis-
tie but handsome style of areliileetiirc would have plea.sed
Milizia, who so warmly recommended variety in country
houses.
All the inliabilants were grouped here and there in
the middle of the wide and spacious street; in the houses
there was nobody but the old Inmsew i\es, dressed in their
best, and ten years younger in their faces, from the lijrht
heartedncss which animated them, and the praises they
received lor the well iiinde )ilum pudding of the day. —
[The jiltim pudding is a sweet cnmjioiind of flour, eggs,
milk, sugar, raisins, branily, and beef suet, which is (visily
digested by means of a ride of twenty miles mi a high-
trotting liorsol] — At a rustic festival iu Italy, the shouts
and cries would liavo lipeii heard a mil" otf, — Ihe burst
of that Italian mnrrimcnt whiili kindles of il.self, even
without tho aid of wine, from the mere eimtaet of per
sons. I should have met in the village biinils of young
men, singing in chorus, with bold and eonlident looks,
their caps mminled with a peacock's feather, dangling
down over one ev"', nni( somewhat of nn n.ssumiiig air,
as if to avenge Inemselves for Ihc contempt which the
citi-Acn showers wilhoiit reason on tho cinmlrymali : but
in Ilcslingtou, all (up to thai momenta was order, (piiel,
and miitu.il respect. Hut I liiusl eoiifeis the Mcne would
have been somewhat more iinimaliiii.r, if Ihere had been
a little oflhat ilincranl niiisir, so eiiliveninir to tho spirit,
which is nul wilh at every step in Italy. Theio was not
oven ono of those iiiexurahle and most annoying hand
organs that infest our streets at every hour. All at once
however, I heard some cheering rnisril, the einwd divided
into two ranks; and I peri'cived, ndvanciiig from a dis.
Innco, eiiflit or nine countrymen, each ilri\ing a wheel,
barrow belore him at full sped, anil Irying his iilmost le
l«i first nl Ihe inuil: Ibis was Ihe first race in these (tlym-
pie gniiies. Shortly after succrnled ii duckinir match,
This iraiiie ifl played by placin;,' a larsin tub of water ill
I the middle of the road, with some luuiiey at the butlom:
a crowd of boys, stripped to the skin, stand arounil,
awaiting the signal lo dip their heads in, with their hands
cro.ssed behind their backs, to bring up the nioi • y in
their mouth... The grimaces of the boys, when they
drew their heads out of Ihc water half stilled, without
getting any thing for their pains, inv.iriably e.vcited the
laughter of the by-standers. When Ibis ducks' gamo
was over, happening to raise my eyes, I saw, hung up
before a public-house, a new saddle and bridle, niid a
couple of hats. From this I conceived a hope that there
was going to 1)0 a lilt or a tournay, or some similar
heroic contest ; and I was not deceived in my expecta-
tion: a horse race was, in fact, approaching; and I saw,
without having long to wait, four large farmers' horses,
mounted by four stout boys, taking tlicir way lo the spot
fi.xed upon for the starting post. Althongb, to say tho
truth, steeds, harness, and riders, were a thousand miles
behind those I had seen, a day or two before, at the
county races, they were, nevertheless, not so totally bad
that I could call it a complete parody: I could nol,ilicrr-
Ibre, help taking an interest in tlie thing, in eonimoii
with tho rest, and preparing lo admire the vie'or. In the
end, after ten minutes' hard gall.)ping, tlie horses <;ot
back to tho goal; and the winner was eondiieled, with
the sanio acclamation ns at the regular races, to the spot
where tlio judges sat; —
" When ends the gamo of hazard all its turns.
The one that lo.sl remains behind in wo,
Goes i.'er the game ajjaiii, and sadly learns,
Wliile all the people with the others go."
Vaiitt:
In London there is the jockey club, at which, moiilhs
before the IJoucaster or Mewmarkct races are run, lids
are laid to a frightful amount, which are duly recorded
in the pa|K;rs;» — these aro the ruin of many English
gentlemen of fortune. In this village the bets" certainly
were not so high, but the warmth wilh whieli llicy were
made was not only as great, but perliaps even greater.
The English in general do not play at cards, but are in
the liabit, instead, of laying wagers; they bet on every
thing, — ou sailing and rowing matches on Ihe rivers, —
on games at cricket, — on boxing matches, on foot races
ami lior.se races; — nay, is not Ihe Exchange itself, in a
great measure, merely a great iK'tting stand.' It is thi'
same passion for gaming (that innate desire in man of
improving his condition), opening for itsi If a diHirent
and [lerhaps a less injuriou.i vent, since it tends lo irive
new animation to gymnaslie exercises, and to perfection,
ate the important tneed of horses.
I entered a public house, whire the crowd was closer.
Fifteen or twenty fanners were seated wilh tin ir clay-
pipes of perfect whitincss iu their mouths, and pewter
pi.ts full of gill and waler before llieiii. I lonh a seat in
their circle, and whether from the interest they one ami
all took ill the races, which they were talking over, or
that they took me lor a veteran freipieuter of the house,
the tnilfi is, that none of them cast a single glance of
curiosity or surprise on my |M'rson. A butcher came in
lamenting the misfortune of a young mare of bis, that jii
ruimiug had broken her leg. He us(.(l much nclion
with his mournful recital, to excite the niorc^ eompas.
sioii, but finding his hearers inclined rather to laugh
than cry, he also took to comforlin;; himself w ilh a brim-
ining glass of gin, and then asstiming a noble and heroic
air (with tho hy|)oerisy of the Roman gladiator, who
" died with decency,") protested that it was not the
value of tho eolt he took to lieiirt, but the enll herself,
which was his liivoiiritc. This tragic oceiiricnc^, the
betting, and Ihe brandy, wliiih would make even tho
dumb s|K'aU, had now render. .1 these farmers so talka-
live, that I found myself in the midst of a sea of words;
I say a sea of words, bei'anse 1 could uiidcrslainl nothing
of llicir conversiitiim beyond a few isolaled expressions.
.Mlhouijh I have a passable knowliilije of lOiiixlish, I
could not conlrivc to make out the ^'orkshire dialeil,
which is one of the slrangesl and most eorriipl iu lOinf-
land. It produced a curious elVii I on me; not liein<: iiblf
lo catch more lliiiii n 11 w iinconneeted words here and
there, I seemed to !«■ reading; a iHi tioiiarv. Ilardiv any
of tho interlocutors could preserve ii |n rpendieiilar; when
they stood on Iheir feet, they all began lo liaii),'-, now to
tho left, now to Ihe right; like the .■\sses"rowirs al Ho-
lognn, lhoU(.li bending and always Ihrcalcninj' to fiill,
they never fell. A eirciimstancM thai slill more increased
my wonder was, that though their bodies loltcrid lliiN
way and that, Iheir reason, their lalkiiit', never wavored
in the least — such is tho tiireo of habit!
* Otip of tlir iiv«l fiinitii's tiiiellWli* In |.^ic!'>nil rerrnily asiiititi
).. iniirliii^e an rliuani vitlii, tMilt the .iiiii* he IdmI iiiti,i...iit iiy
l'u\hi|i anil betllnt!, nniiiiiiitlhu lo t'uily llioii'iunl imhiiiU ulcrliui;.
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THE ITAUAN EXILE IN ENGLAND.
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W'liili' tlio riicrs wi'io ir'''"At on, tliurc siulilciily iiro^c
bcliind my back u dispuu; on hciiiic jH)iiit ot' beUinfr,
whit!i ill iiiiy fitlicr couiitry would luivo given me somi
ii|>[>i'('|]cnsiuii, but in Kn};land did nut i vcii in:ikc niu turn
my liL'iid, knnwinjr tbut these quarrels end by a tifjlil
with the naked lists in tlic tields, on equal terms, and be-
fore a hundred eyes, whieli impartially decide wlicthcr
the blows arc fair or I'oul. jVt last, finding tliat this com-
bat of al)Use, after the maimer ol" the heroes of Homer,
did not como to a conclusion, I looked behind nic for
<!uriosity sake, and found that tlie strife was between a
tall, thin, but sinewy young man, who had drunk more
than the clothes ho had on would pay for, and a huge,
heav}-, stupid farmer, who seemed to have lost tlic use
oC his joints through fat. If a fight had taken place, I
cannot conceive how he would liavo found the elasticity
to give a blow, or ovoid the danger of being upset by his
adv(,'rsary, and rolling no one knows whore, for he was
as round as the map of the world. At length, behold, an
Iris appeared to put an end to the increasing strife, in
the shape of the hostess, a tall, slender, and not ill look
ing daughter of lOvc, wlio, with a silvery voice (as most
Knglishwomen have), and that voice made still softer by
her lono of entreaty, acted as i)eace-niaker between tlicm.
Every moment one of these altercations burst forth from
soniL' corner or otiier of the village, but that sweet sex.
whieli elsewhere so often has sabres, knives, and daggers
bared for its sake, was here always tlio pacificator J and
that John IJull, who is accused of so much boorishness
taHar<l9 tlic ladies, becomes almond paste i'.jelf at her
voice, as might have been seen. He must bo seen at
home, honouring and indulging his " mistress," (wife,)
011(1 in good truth, making her mistress of every thing.
I had hero on opportunity of observing, that even in the
heat of a quarrel, the English do not gesticulate much ;
I remember the witty Mr. Sydney Smith saying to me
one day, " Why do not my countrymen use their arms like
other nations? There is no doctor and no law to pro-
hibit it:"
Tims I passed the evening till eleven o'clock: the
company then beginning to separate, I resolved to return
to York. How delightful is a pedestrian stroll by moon-
light in England, without the slightest fear of encounter-
ing a highwayman to ease one of one's watch and purse!
Gone are the times of the equestrian robbers, of the
Kobin Hoods and thu Rob Roys ; they arc now no more
than characters of romance, and, atlcr having frightened
their cont(Hii|)orarios with their thieving feats, now serve
for a diversion to children, like the Blue Ueard.s, the Ez-
zelino da Komanos, the Rernabs Visconlis, and the rest
of the tyrant>-, once abominable and always ridiculous,
Cows, cattle, horses, feed through almost all the nights of
the year loose in the fields, without even so much as a
child to guard them.
It might be thought the gnldon age of innocence; but
this security is the cfteet of the law, which punishes
liorse and cattle stealing with inevitable death. In other
cases the sentence of deatli is often commuted for that of
transportation, but for otfenccs of tills nature this favour
is seldom obtained.
Another pleasure for one with a mind a little exalted
by poetry or roiiiimcr, is to lie able to abandon the high
road, and tread the |>aths through the midst of the soft
and verdant meadows, — perhaps (ho only and most an-
cient right of landed pro|H.rly which has remained to the
lower classes of thu people. Finally, another pleasure,
not less vuluabli' to one overeoinii with fatigue, is to gel
home, and iiiid in a lillle lodging consisting of a bed-
rooiif and a parlour, all the comforts nnd the quiet that
in their limes neither the Marquis ofCarabas enjoyed in
his lief, nor the good King of Yuetot of Uerenger, in his
palace.
THE SPRING ASSIZES.
Tltopp who have never read the lino observations of
Filangieri on llie Knglish modes of procedure, or, U'ller
still, llii' valuable work of M. C'oitu on the inHlitntion ol'
juries, and the publirity of the courts in England, niny
do well (o read the few lines which follow.
It was the Kith of March, and the very eve of llic arri.
val of two of the twelve judges, who, twice n year, in
March and August, travel from I><mdnn, followed by a
numerous Isinil of Iho iiiosl celebrated barriHters, to the
circuit ahsigiied them, lo judgn nil thu crimiiial causes
jH'uding, liiiil Ihc civil causes which come within their
jurisdielion. 'I'hat lively intercsl, those h'ssons of wis-
dom, that useful aiiuisciiicnl, which the lioiiians extract-
ed from Ihi'ir foiiim, are also drawn by Iho English from
lliesc courts, ealleil the nnizm. It is an era of iiiolion, of
iiivrriinvnt, and, al Uiu buum time, of iiitvnvc nnd painlhj
anxiety. The gentlemen of the country betake them-
selves on these days to the assize town, either to be jury-
men or mere speelators of the trials, — to meet their
friends from London, or to enjoy those diversions the
town always presents on these occasions. On every side
arrive the witnesses and parties interested; from London
conic some of the most clo(|uent barristers, or in general
two antagonists, who in almost every cause iind them-
selves pitted against each oilier, and with them a nume-
rous train of young lawyers, who arc entering on their
career, and desirous of making themselves known to the
public. At each of these epochs the jails arc delivered,
that is, the prisons arc emptied; all must be brought to
trial; innocent or guilty, this is the issue, and on English-
man who should have plotted o universal deluge, must
not have to await his trial l»nger tlian six months.
How difl'ercnt is this rejoicing of the English people
at their assizes, from that which has sometimes been
exhibited by a tlioughtless nation at an aulo-da-fe! But
wc will jiass over the comparison witli a tribunal that
exists no longer, and will revive no more. Let us rather
draw a parallel with other continental tribunals, wliicli
arc become more horrible and unjust than the inquisition.
What a difference, I mean to soy, between those senti-
ments of confidence and hilarity which precede thcsittings
of the English courts, and the horror and olTright whit.
"Special ( ■ommissions," in otlier countries, scatter oi.
around the spot on which they plant the bloody nxc !
And with what good reason too! for no one believes him
self ill safety under judges retained to discover crime
even where it is not in existence, ond who, after torment-
ing their victim with a torture slower than than that of
ancient days, — with threats, with fastings, with insidious
promises, with u long continued imprisonment, at last
pronounce their sentence witli all the mystery of assassi
nation.
The English assizes, on the contrary, do not quicken
the ]mlsc of him who is conscious of his innocence, a
single beat. In all hearts, on all faces, is the conviction
of the integrity, mildness, and impartiality, with which
justice will be administered. I have often mixed with the
crowd, immersed myself in the groujis of people, on pur-
pose to ascertain the sentiments prevailing omong the
lower classes; and not one sus](icion did I discover, not
one word did I hear that indicated distrust of, or aver-
sion to, the admiuistrotors of justice. Besides, tliey know
the judgment of the fad, the most important of all, is
not in the hands of the judges of the crown, hut of the
jury, their ccjuals. " By the law of the land, anil the judg-
ment of his |>eers," is one of the most ancient privileges
consecrated by Magna C'liarta, ond of which every Eng-
lishman is justly proud. The king of England can make
many of the monarclis of the earth tremble, but not any
one of his subjects. He must be judged by his peers,
according to the law of the land, — " By the law of the
land, and the judgment of our peers."
So scrupulously is this privilege observed, that when
Barctti (author of the Literary Scourge) was brought to
trial for a homicide committed by him at night in a
street of London, in self-defence, it was oti'orcd to him
if he wished it, that six of the jury should be Italians.
He renounced lliis right, and was aeiiuitted. I was my-
self present at the trial of a (iermun, who was also ask-
ed if he wished half the jury to be coiiqHised of his own
countrymen ; and he also deelined. Such is the confi-
dence that trial by jury inspires.
To return ; A great part of Ihc population of Notting-
liam, thcreliirc, had lukeii its way on the morning of
thu lUtli of March, along tlie road by which the two
judges, named by the crown, for the Nottingham (Mid-
land) circuit, were lo arrive. All is to n T, as 1 have
already said, in this most punctual Kngland ; eleven
o'clock was aimoimced as the hour of their arrival, nnd
preiMscly ut eleven, a fmu coach, with four horses, with
Ihc postilion in his light and handsome jacket, the coach-
man in a Ihree corneriil hat, like that of our priests, the
arms of the city on Hie panels, and two liiolnieii, in a
llaring new livery, behind, heralded the coming of the
judge s. The carriage was preceded by n score of men
on horseback, with I he eily Imiiner waving from a jave-
lin, nnd swords by lluir sides. All this parade was at
Ihc expense of Ihc high sliirilf of llieeouiily, who r»"prc-
scnts,on the bench, by Ihe sido ut llio judges, thu wivr-
rcign, or executive power, mute, motionless, and passive,
present only lo exceiilu Ihe Keiiteiices: it was followcil
by a great numlier of the genllemen of the city, who
lind gone out on horseback lo meet the judges. This
awaiting, tlii« welcome, thesis honmirs, — nil (his pomp
not only tends lo increase in Iho ptuple their reverence
for justice, but lo elrcn(ftlieii, in the judffcs thcmsclveB,
the feeling of their own dignity, and tlie high intoj.
ancc of tlicir duties.
•Without loss of time, in about an hour, the court in,
installed, ond the civil and criminal trials began in (,„
separate halls. In England, the prejudice that ii Is jj
human and unbecoming lo be present at the shtiin.,,;
the tribunals, does not exist ; it is thought, on the ti,
trary, to be a school of experience, penetration, i'ikI,],^
queiice. The Roman youth became robust uiul lunj,
in the field of Mars, — w ise and enlighlcned in Hie fom,,'
In the same way, persons of every age, sex, ond rinkij
society, meet here at the assizes. Tlie courts or jiij,
of justice, which within the last sixly years have In,,
rebuilt almost all throughout England, in a granilirar,] +'
more apjiropriatc style than betbrc, are suitublu toil,
increase in the population and riches of the island. H.
sides the district conqiarlnicnts for the judges, llir i;,
witnesses, for the accused, and for the barristers, ili„,
is an open space for the common people, and a gullcrvi
little more commodious, for tlio more elevated cl;i«,',,
The ijcojile ore never treated as a rabble in Eiigli,!),];
they arc always respected, but never conlbuiidcii wfi
tlie middle and higher classes. The courts arc alwan
filled with ladies and gentlemen, all polite towards cati
other, all otientive, and anxious for the fate of Ihe yth^
~ < the beautiful court house of (he city of York,]
•i .' ...nessawtlic galleryadorned with numbers of lov.];
jiiglishwomcn.whohad left their elegant villas tosoeati;
to be seen, and worthy of being seen they were iniluo.
These galleries looked like conservatories of flowers;!
certainly would not have given the sight of them InrilJ
magnificent theatrical spect^-iclu of the Roman furuu.
It is needless to say, that oil who occupy the open sn:.
are decently dressed ; it is not, however superlluous to x-
mark, that even the prisoners appear at the bar with il»
same neatness and cleanliness as if they were goin^' ;.
be married. In this the English usage is very dilfru:
from that of the ancient Romans, who sought, williliir,
and dark colnurcd clothes, with dishevelled liiir, an
floods of tears, to excite the pity of their judges. Ij
the English procedure, liiere is no room fur cxcilenic:,;-,
neither the arts of tlie necuscd r.nr the rhetorical lira.
rislies of the advocate are ailiiiitted, nor would pioduu
any effect if they were.
If the large and cominal wigs worn by the judges al
counsellors be excepted, all is extremely simple in tin,.;
tribunals ; the mnctilij of the laws, and the mnjisl) i.f
the people, that we so often read of in Cieeio, arc ma
here in reality.
Judge Best made to the grand and petty juries a lilmrt
address, in which he made particular mention of a una
who had killed his own wile, and who was lo ho fcl
u|)oti his trial. He pointed out to Ihe |ietty jury llio
dilVcrcnco between a iiiiirder comniitled simply on llii
provocation of abusive words, and one ennimillcil in
consequence of provocation by blows: he louchiil m
this distinction without making any allusion lo the ra>(
in question. His address was simple, deslilute of iiii,
over elegance, and delivered in n natural tone, and «iii
thai self-possession which a judge acquires by the lialiil
of cimslantly speaking in public.
By the side of this venerable bc-gowncd, bc-wij.'S.'t'i.
and be-spectacled Alinos, was sealed a yiumg hiilv.—
through favour that the ladies somelimos enjoy ofsilliii;
on the Ixineh, — a privilege of which they do not full lo
take advantage, bashful as they are. 'I'liis young luly
was fair haired, somewhat stout, with a must ample Imii.
net of black velvet, trimnicd with ribands of varioiintr.
lours : dressed in scarlet, she seemed a-blazo with yculii
and beauty. She was not only beautiful, butdnngi niiis;
she made, |H'rliaps unconsciously, oil those inolions lli:l
(he seducing owl makes iL^e of at n iNirn door when liii'
little birds are passing by. The Atlicnian Areopiifiu
would have made her veil her face. By ginid forliiiii,
however, age rendered (he English magistrate iiiviilmr
able to the shafts of her eyes, her smiles, her gestiim.
It was a fine contrast iMtweeii that siinill well dn'ssfd
head, and the full curly wig of tlie judge, wliiili ili'-
seeiiilid oil his shoulders like a lion's iiiiiiie, IhIhiiii
the laughing, sparkling eyes of the young ludy, nnil llic
severe eyebrows iiiid tin; speelaelrs of the se.xagen.iriiiti
judge! She sri'ineil placid Ihi'ie by a iminlcr for Ilir
lelicity of Ihe eoiilra>t, as lliey always place tlii! Vircm
Miiry near Ihe ohi Saint Joseph. In relation lo llii>, I
have ollcii heard my dear eonntrywomen (who know
well Ihe elVecl ol' eliiitrasl) lake pleasure In iKiiig fiir-
rounded by a saiihidriui of iigcd •Siiiicoiis : there i.s iiul
iH'rhaps a finer cuiilrast than n Susanna lictwceii lim
Elders.
One of (he prisoners was convielnl of horse. sliiiliiif.
a crime piini:ihcd with deutli In Enj^land, on account ol
tlio high iiinioj;,
our, tlic court uj,
rials l)('(;an in it,
ailicu that il is i^
It at the Mtlill;,,i|
lonjjht, on tlieci,
L'lictration, iiiiiliV
: robuxt iind liatiii
itcned in the forin;',
;c, Fcx, nnil riiik ij
111! courts or li;;,
ly years have ]»»
il, ill a grander ai,j
are suitublo to
ol" the island. 1),.
the judges, fur ly
lie barristers, llin;
iplc, and a gidkrj i
TO clcvatecl cl;is!c<
abblc in EnglLiid;
LT conlbunditl uisi
co\irts arc alwavi
polite towards mi
lie fate of Ibe prise
llic city of York.l
itlinuinbersol'lov'i,
cant villas to sec jr.!;
n they were iiidm
iitories of flowers ; I
sight of them Inril,
the Itonian furunJ
:cupy the open sn:.
rtTsiiperlluous tore
r at the bur with
they were gnin;;:
lage is very dillVru:
ho songht, witlitus
ishevelled h:.ir, ;ii<
of their judges. 1;
room I'ur cxeilemcr.:-
r the rhetorical llo«
i, nor would proilui
irn by tlie judges sM I
inely simple in tliix
1, and the mnjrslji i '
' in Cicero, arc fni|
d petty juries a slmtt
lir mention ol' a man
who was to he |itl
the petty juryllio
ilti'd simply nii Ik
1 one eomMiilled in
)ws : he tmiehed m
alUlsion to the rw
pie, destitute of iiii,
[ilnral tone, and will
ipiircs by the lialjil
THE ITALIAN EXILE IN ENGLAND.
149
fc.lllll-'U
l-gowncd, bc-wicctd.
ed a young l.idy.-
imos enjoy of ^illill^
|l they do not liiil lo
|. 'I'liis young liiily
111 a most ample Ihw-
Ibaiuls of vuriiius ti-
ll a-blazc with yoiiiii
jiful, butdnngeriiiis;
those motions llnl
liarn door when liie
[ihenian Areopncui
Hy gmid li>rluiii,
|nagislrale iiivuliut
liniles, her geslurrf.
small well dressil
' judge, wliieli ilf-
Im's mane, bt Iwini
onng ludy, and llif
jf the gexageliiirlaii
11 piiinler for llif
|-K place the VirLin
relation In lliis 1
iromeu (who knmv
■Hire in Ising nit-
lu'ons : llicre' is aul
Imnn botwccii im
w. liieility of its conim.ssion ; the farmers, as I observ-
a u'lbre, turning out their horses to feed in the open
,,|d:i, wi'liiout any keeper. The judge informed him
lat the punishment h'; had incurred was that of death,
t apprised liim tliat it would be commuted to transpor-
lionfor liff- Tliis immanc apprisal called to my mind
cruel clcmencv of certain rulers, who sufter the con-
d to remain in ignorance of the mitigation of
leir punishnient, to the very moment of execntion, —
llie snalfold itsilf : the greater part of the Austrian
iKlicrs to whom tlicir pardon is comiiumicatcd only at
. moment when, on tlieir knees, and blindfolded, they
ait llio four balls in the forehead,-— remain all the
I of their lives fei.'ble minded, or absolute idiots.
\iiollier of the pri.sinicrs, thinking to avoid ])art of his
jii.^liinent by confessing his crime, wlien asked if he
li'ei! to plead " guilty" or " not guilty" ; replied
uilty" T'"^ ju'lpT" made him observe, that this would
I clci him the least seiviee, and that it was still time to
act his plea. Another lesson for those tribunals on
continent, where, among the other iniquities com-
tlcd with closed doors, it is customary to tempt the
used with insidious snares of pretended evidence,
:e confessions, accomplices, &c.
Vlien I observed the frank and earnest manner in which
wiliiesses deimscd to what they had heard and seen,
■hrii I saw gentlemen and gentlewomen appear in
liox without repugnance, or shame, — when 1 read in
public journals that the Duko of Wellington and
,nv otiier loids were cited, or voluntarily pre
iti'il themselves to give evidence in favour of a pri-
, I called to mind a passage in the IGtIi volume of
noiidi's History of the Italian Republics, in which,
a proof of the eifects of the degraded, mercenary,
1 arbitrary administration of the laws in some of the
iian governments of the ciglitcentli century, M. Sis-
idi adduces the horror the very name of a tribunal
led wi'.h il, the inevitable infamy of whoever was
ly accused, the disgust which the lower officers of
:c inspired, and the shame, the scruples, and the
or experienced hy every one nt ap[x!aring to bear
liel'nro a judge. 'I'lie admirable observations of
.siininiidi are still apiilicable to many of the tribiuials
uorlli of Italy.
Il re I only speak of the English mode of procedure,
iKc it is known to all that the penal laws are mon-
isly disproportioned to the heaviness of the otfenecs,*
t the jury, not being able to acquit the prisoner of
t!id, nrteii correct the excess of the law, by classify
lie crime a degree lower in the scale. Of this 1 was
ir a witness; a ]iick|)ocket would liave been sen
il to a very severe punishment fiir a thell he had
initlid of a handkerehief, which the owner v.ilued at
liilliags. Thi^ jury found the accused guilly of the
luid, lieing obliged to declare what was the value of
iloleu property, decided that- the handkerchief was
worth one shilling. The pick|x)cket coiidueled his
ilefeuce, and inlirrogated the prosecutor with the
liiiiily mid dexterily his trade would lead one to look
fill' di'liiiipients of other descriptioUH arc generally
I iirll'ul in their defence.
ijiiiiiee is ahiiost totally eveludcd from criminal
I'lie eiiniisel fur the prisoner may make as many oh
ilicins ami examim^ as many witnesses as he chooses;
1 liirhidilin to excite the passions, or to address
ii;i tin l!ii I. In eases, however, of thell and he
I (111 nol know «hy, and it wouhl bo dillicult t
the prisoner's eiiimsel cannot deliver any speeeli,
II, ly eiiiss-exainiiie witnesses, and supply his client
I ilel'iiiee in wriling. The prinoner may sjM'ak as
5s lie wishes, and may also read his own defence,
ry r.irely avails himself id'liis right; in fact, what
i< lliere of specious eloqiiriiee, when the procedure
larrii'd on with open doms, in preseiiee of the
.iiiid HJlli Ilie most delicate precaiilinns in liivour
irliiiuiali, is it.-:i If a defence worthy of t'ii'eni ?
aie has a liiirer field in the civil causes. It wa;
111' till -e I s.iw, ill opposition, at York, the two
Mild eiiiiiiselliirH, llrongham and .Hearli^tt. 'I'lii
\v,i» 111' a rat her singular nature, and such as then
My is no exiiiiiple of in the annuls of Athens and
The i|ui -sliiiii was, who were the rightful owner
liile, Hliieli was miirtally wounded by ii ))arty of
.ai.d drairgeil ashore out of the sen by some (islu r-
Ihii Kiiliji et was siillleienlly licary to eiiipluy nil
III of horN<!-!iteiililii:.
land, oil account ol
"I'll liiieii.l 111 rpeak oniii-Kniillsli i Ivll la\v», wliii il wiiiiM
■' I Sir a liMiiilriijj eiiinels, nor ot'tlie ennrnioiii e^itetisrn ni'
'illiii>, 111 H lllcll Hie I'alllii of llli) iiynler Is K.i e|ii<ely a|v
A •lli'll lor lllin null a «liell let 1111',
The iiyiier Is lliii Inwyer'n fee '
the abilities of the two gowned rivals. TJie rhetorical
weapons, the various arliliees, the difl'erent motions and
looks made use of by them in the contest, diverted iiie
excessively. Uoth are members of parliament, but brough-
am is far superior in the eloquence of the senate to his
opponent. Scarlett, a more profound and exjiert lawym-,
avenges himself in the court of this su|x;riority of the
other, although Drougham is not the man to yield pre-
cminenee to any man on earth. .Scarlett, grave, confi-
<leiit in his knowledge, with swelling breast, seems like
a cuirassier well steeled against assault, and wishing to
conquer by the weight of his arms ; llrongham, strong
in his quickness of mind, anAtlic flexibility of his wit,
resembles an Arab cavalier, who, flying round and round,
at once avoids lUid assails an enemy. Scarlett, when hi'
addressed hini-self to the jury, while ho maintained the
steady dignity of an experienced jurisconsult, fixed his
penetrating eyes on the faces of the jurymen, to discover
the emotions of their minds, and turn them to profit.
Uroughani, on the other hand, sought to distract their
attention from tlic points dangerous to his client by sub-
tleties, and sallies of wit and sarcasm, of which his store
is inexhaustible. Scarlett is the admiration of the legal
profession ; Uroughani the favourite of the fair sex, and
of the public, for his witty sallies.
The fatigue which the counsellors go through for the
few days the assizes last is incredible : hiil they are
amply rccomiicnscd, I do not mean merely hy their large
fees, but by the admiration and respect of the pco|)le, who
contemplate them, when they are on their feet in court
delivering their speeches, with the same avidity that we
gaze on the Apollo Helvidere.* lie who has felt the love
of glory knows that one hour of public citccm is worth
ten years of a soft epicurean life.
The rapidity with which the trials were despatched is
not less incredible. In ten or twelve days every year,
two judges get through from 100 to 120 criminal, and,
[lerhaps, as many civil cases. In the criminal causes
there are .lever those skeins of interrogatories which I
once saw, in Italy, mount up, in a rase of assassination,
to nt least 30 volumes in folio, of 300 pi!;,'cs each. 'I'lie
English, luckily for them, have not that race of notaries,
whose trade consists in exhansting the imtieiice and the
lungs of prisoners and witnesses, and driving them in'ii
confusion and fiiinting fits, with interminable costiluli
and rediirjimzioni (settled iwiiits, and points to he cleared
up). This is the fruit we have gathered from the im-
mortal works of Becearia, Filangieri, and Marco I'agano
England, on the contrary, without having had the glory
of producing those luminaries of crhiiinal scieiice,+ dis-
covered, by the help of good sense alone, two principles,
publicity, and the jury, — by means of which she enjoys
a rapid, liberal, and inqiartial administration of justice
When the tri.il coninienccs, there is no document but !
piece of paiier, — the bill of indictment, found by the grand
jury, whoso business it is previously to decide, by ex-
amining into the broad points of the alfair, on the ailinis-
siliility of the accusation. As soon as this is read, tin
interrogatories commence. In the meanwhile, the judgi
notes (lown the answers, and <lraws up i succinct narra-
tive of the case, with the most iiiiiarkalile eircumstances.
When the questions arc ended, — and they cannot last
long where the presence of im auditory impedes the in
sidious arts of malignity, — the judge reads over a reca-
pitulation of the ease to tlio jury, who are to ihi idi
whether the accused is guilty or not of the tact laid In
his charge. It is iin|Hissilde that there iihould be tin
slightest alterntion in this narrative; because the public,
which has heard all, is, so to speak, the judge of the
judge, llcsidcs, the jury, who have also heard all, can
•.Iiiiiies Hall, Hie nullinr nC Legeiiil,-) of ilie We»l, &r, in III-
VVi'Kii rii Miiiiiliiy IMa^ay.iiie iil' liisi nil, iias tlie tiiiluniii|i jii
llirinlls IrllUirksoil lliesailie ^ll^j^'^l — F.tl,
" III miMie 111' Ilie easlern slaies, li-w {■ersons en iiiln n mini ol
law, iiiilur-N (hey liave liiiKiiiesi- il is nol so in re- I'miri weei< \v
aiieiii'ial lioliiiay. Nol only kiiIiiiiii, juniis, niiil ulineNieH, liiil uil
Willi eaii spine iiu' lime, liriii-li U|i llnireimin, iiml iirn-h liownilii ii
hiiises, tiiiil U'l In eoiir' A iliiili}!i-r is striii K ullii Itio sltelieej llii
etiiierni ss, mill deep uiii'iillnii, Willi wiiieti tiii'se riitiiili suns III lilt
I'nresi listen 111 Ilie iirmniieiils of lliu lawyers, evlininiiii lively Inn-
rest in liiese prorei ilin^'s, ami iliornniih nndiT.^taiiiliiiit .li'liie i|tieti-
liniiH illsnisseil. lleslilei lluwe nlliiileii to, lliere am n variety ol
Miller pniiiie iiieeiiii|!s, l-'.veiy lliiiii! It done in iliis eoiinliy ill iHipu-
lar iisseiiililles, all iineslious nredelialid in {sipiilar siHeeiies, ami
ih elded iiv (Mipnlar vine, 'I'Nese fads s|s'ali lor liienmelves, Noi
oiilv iini-'in vast deal of Infoininlioii lie ili,iseniinaled lliroiiiihoiii i
siirieiy ilins er^Miilseil, lull the liisle for impiilar asseinhlies nni:
|iiili:ie'iiiiiaii|!iK'S, wlinli liirnis m slilklnu a Irall in liie wesiiri
eliararli r, Is. In ilself, a emu liii-ive proof of n liiiiii di'vree of liiiel-
lili'liie- lull iiani i pie wiinlii lienlier re'isii iiiir lliiilersUiliil llii
oialory, Wlllell olll penple reeehe wllli ellllinslllslie llpplii.,e. I::
iinranl | pie w-ailil imi iiIhihI siieii ineelliiKi, week aUer weeii,
ami day iifiir ilii> , nilli iinaliiiliil iiileiesi; nor eoiilil liiey iiiiis|.ii
ailii .-ihm/ii iit'iiaaiil."
t lliiieliaioiii', iillhiniuli n creal wriler, Is only Ilie roniiiieiilai,,!
on a le«lslaniiii whieli preceded liiin.
rectify any error or onilssioii he may fall into. 'I'lie jury
take, ill general, two or three iiiiniites to ascerl.iiii tliiir
unaiiiniity, niiJ declare tiieir jiiiigineiit. If the ae-
cused be Ibuiid guilty, the judge bus nnly to apportion
the punishnient to tiie quality of the olVenee. This done,
the tragedy is over; there is no lunger room for appeals,
for *' cassations," or tor open processes, as if a man could
lie guilty and not guilty of an act. Where did we go In
find the labyrinth of our criminal proei dure -' I may l-e
deceived, but certainly the English system has, if nothing
else, the advantage of simplicity and celerity ; and, in tl e
same manner that the liberty of the press, true and iiii.
injured, corrects all the del'eets of a gnveriimeiit, it ap-
pears to me that the imlilieily of tri.ils, united to the
in.^ilnlioii of an independent jury, obviates all the ininn-
venicnces that a metaphysical legislator, v\illi his laws
that turn moUhills into mountains, would discern in such
a kind of procedure.
We have books, and the English have institutiiins.
Without the boast of having given to Knrope the Eilaii-
gieries, the Reccarias, the Matteis, the Servins, the Mon-
tesquieus, they possess an excelknt procedure. \\'e bi'-
lieve that tlie profession of a judge requires the most
prolbund study, a mind the mo.st acute, incessant labour,
in fine, we believe it a iirofession reserved for a few pri-
vilcged beings. On the contrary, they, by applying the
great maxim of the division of labour, have rendi red the
business of a judge most easy, at least a good half of it.
Having separated the judges of the fact from t'lose of
the punishment, they liave hy this means ell'ected llii.s
great end, that the positive knowledge of the laws is re-
quisite only for the latter, while for the others rectitude
and common sense are snfiicicnt. The judges, in their
ermined scarlet gowns, and large wigs, with the title of
" .My Iiord," are, and ought to be, real ade]its in tlic
law ; while the members of the grand jury are simply
genthmicii and men of property, ignorant of every kind
of law; and those of the jietly jury are mere shopkeepers,
shoemakers, or tailors, provided only with tlie great
science of common sense. The institution of the jury is
so public an exercise of rights and equity, that it caniiot
but contribute to inc lid the morals, and inilueiice the good
conduct, of the lower orders of the people. It eaii.ses sur-
prise and pleasure at once, to find, in the midst of cities
full of luxury and vice, that same integrity and sense of
right in the pcoiilc, that are scarcely to lie found even
among the simple and nnnnphislicutcd iuhabituiits of the
mountains of Switzerland.
I resume my narration : On the Sunday that siicccedi d
two sittings of the assize, the two judges went with the
juries and inagistr.ites, to the largest clinreh, with se-
lemiiity. It is a eu.stoni at the assize, fijr n sermon to he
preai bed befure the Cdnstitncnl members of the court;
the admirers of Sterne will find in his works a most ex-
cellent one, delivered on a similar occasion. This so-
lemn alliance of religion with justice, cnmmuiiicates to
the latter a saeredness which is very useful to sixietv.
Air. llenlhani has observed, that all the ceremonies, and
certain impiising lonnalities, in the Kdininistratinn of
i:riininal justice, make as deep iiii impression on the
minds of the people, as the pains and punislunents thein-
.selves. A criininal trial is a real tragedy for the people.
The ancient (■ulhie arcliitei.tiire of the church, the psalms
sung to the |H'aliiigiif the oigan, the sincere'contritiun of
all present, lill'eited me to the soul, and indneiil nie to
venerate those religions rites which else iniglit have
iiiiivid my l.iugliter. Slavrry produces a nausea of every
thing; and, when we know no hniger how snllieiently to
vent our anger at our comlilion, we tiini it against reli.
gioii, against lelter-s, against operatic spi i lacks, — we b< o
in every thing a prnthicer of our hlavery, In a free cniin.
try, England fiir eximiple, the iiiiiid always satisfied,
sweetened by lilii riy, alive to the benefits — the maternal
priitection of tin laws, the mind is in peace with all,
hives every institution, every custom, iK'cause it iHlicves
them the authors of its lia|)piiiess, and endures abuses
mid incimveiiicnecH with untiring patience.
The lidlowing d.iy i mie on early Ibn trial of n tar-
[leiiter, who had, tliroii; i jealousy, killed his wife by
ro|)cated blows of n hamiiier. 'I'lie emirt was erammed
full of people; if I must sjioak the liiitli, it displeased
inc tl see a great luimlier of well ediieateil yming hiilies
among the speetalois,— I should have liked, at least, to
whisper in their ears, thai Iliey should reiiiember never
more to blame the SpaniHli gills liir taking pleasure in ii
hull-light, 'i'lie eiilpi it appeaii'd al the liar w illi a trail,
qilil mien. Tlii-, linilal ( llliellu mi'IiiimI ili lirmined to
bear his sciiteiieo of ile.ilh Willi intrepidity. All ryes
were fixed iipini him, the iiii iiiliiiiale lieiu ol' tliii day.
-Ml Ilie aiixiotis in iiiili iiioiiieiil^ in watch the clUirtB of
Ihe glruggle, llint nsliiele man is tin n i.lili|;i<<| to lustuiii
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150
THE ITALIAN KXILR IN ENGI-AND.
against llie wliole body of society, wliicli, nrtneil iifjaitist
liiiii, yet leaves liiin tlio privilege of defending liiinpolf.
None of tijc siwclatora, however, I believe, experienced
emotion greater than mine. 1 rrnicmbcred at that
moment, that, sonio years before, I was to have been
placed in a Bimilar conflict, from which only the favour
of tbrtuno enabled me to escape, and I pictured to my-
self the bar, bolbro which, without witnesses, without
counsel, witliont the presence of the public, my friends
were condemned to death ; —
" And as till man that scap'd willi failing brcatli
From Ibitli the sea upon iho desert shore,
.I'nrns buck and gazes on the Hood of death.
So too, my soul, still Hying — "
turned back at tliat moment to contemplate tlio iniqui-
tous sentence which then awaited mo ! — But lot us get
on.
When the judge was about to commence liis ques-
tions, a great noiso was hoard, and it was found to
arise from the prisoner, who, abandoned by his courage,
fell backwards "as falls a lifeless corse." The jailor,
and two surgeons, ran to liis assistance: every means
was tried to rcstoro him to sensation. lie, meanwhile,
teized with violent convulsions, contorted his body in a
thousand ways. After eomo time, he camo to liimsell
again, wiped his face, and stood up again at the bar;
but, as soon as the judge, in a benignant voice, asked
him if ho was in a condition to take his trial, Uie pri-
soner answered "Yes," and swooned anew in the very
act. I was all pity at this, when ono of tho counsel,
lors, who, by tlio habit of their profession, nro apt to
become too sharp-sighted and in.seiisible, told ino that
lio did not desorvo our compassion. He had noliced.
that, in swooning, his counttnanco had not at
changed wolnur, and that the fire of his eyes w.is
not at all darkened, far from being entirely cxtinguis
cd, as is usually tho case in fainlings. '• Therotbro,"'
sujijoincd he, " this is all art and hypocrisy in the pri-
soner, to soften his judges to pily, or gain a day of liib."
So iiuicli trouble und dissimulation to gain a day of
life I said I at first to myself, stoically ; but I afterward
recullectcd th.it those llomaiiH who were prodigal of
their lives, and died like lieroos for their country, when
they presented themselves in tho foruin, dishevelled
their hair, rent their ganncnls, rolled ihemselvcs in the
dust, and left nothing untried to move the pity of the
judges, and avert the scythe of death from "dear life!
lX<ar indeed it i^, and Homer had good reason to call it
so ollon by this epithet.
Tlio judge post|)oned Iho trial to tho following day,
and announced this delay to tho prisoner.
Tho next day thoaccu.scd ro.appcarcd; — ho no longer
lost himselr, ho gave answers, ho proposed (piostions; —
und, at length, atler a five hours' trial, llio jury Ibund
liiin " (juilly." Tlio evidence was so clear and com.
plolc that the jury only deliberated a low ininutca before
ihoy heeaine unanimous. Tho juilgo then covered his
head with a black cap of most antique cut, and pro-
nounced sentonce of dealli, which was received by the
criminal with unassuming tinnnoss. 'i'lio auiilence in
eluded the 'brnnila of tho Knglish law, that his body
tihould bo g'fton to the surgeons for dissection : lienee it
may bo said that tho surgeons aro the heirs of the
liangcd, — nor is tho inlieritanco to bo despised ; — bodies
for dissection aro very Kcarcc and expensive in Eng-
land, so much so, that Ihc surgeons have eometiincR
lind grave disputes for iho |)os.'icssion of a douU body,
and have ovon gone to law on that account,
Two days after, the condemned criminal was hanged,
n barbarous inodo of putting a man to death, which tho
JOnglisli palliate by the use of a conslant |)ootical ox-
pioHsion, " lie was launched into olrrnily."
The prisoner, an hour before going to tlio gallows,
told tlio mayor that he died happy and contented, being
jiersuaded that in another hour lio shoulil \to in I'jradisc:
and 111) was in fact quito resigned. IIo had tiecn in-
npired with this Impo by tho ininisler of tho mothodifit
pect, to which ho belonged: this soot, of which I shall
Hpoak elsewhoro, holds the dangerous doctrine, " Tho
greater the sinner tho greater tho saint ;"♦ and accord-
ing to a ninthudist, faith in the I.urd'it grace is suUicient
to procure his pardon for all tho sins ho o\er committed,
without the nocussily of repnntanco, Th's doctrine is
n-kin to that which Arioslo puts into tl.i month of
Huggioro, when, in tho whale's throat, ho comforts
Adolphn, who is grieving at his heinous and infamous
ginp, Willi this staiiz:i: —
Tlw aallior iiiny licro lio prMunicd In pnint loo Rlrongly.— /■.V.
To alt men sin is common, and we road
That seven full times a day the just man falls;
Mercy divine hath ever, too, decreed
To pardon him who on that mercy calls;
Nay. o'er a sinner who of grace liatli need, .
Who strays, and then luluriis, when conscience
galls, —
More joys there are o'er him in realms ofhoavcn,
'I'lian ninety-nine who need not be forgiven !"
Thus man, in all ages, and all times, goes about seek-
ing an antidote fur the fear of death. The Epicurean
'idiiiitled no responsibility for actions beyond the tonib;
Iho Sloic hold that tho goal of lilb is death, and that we
live but to learn to die; tho I'yihagorean consoled him-
self with the idea of transmigration ; and the inethodists,
not content willi the philosophical systems, have Ibund
out a still more cligiblo way of getting into Faradise.
UNITARIANS.
In England I found that more than thirty thousand
icrsons proless this doctrine, and openly call themselves
i'liitarians, liaving for tho lost forty years abandoned
their inciont denomination of "Presbyterians."
1 visixid one nf their places of worship, when I heard
tho whjle congregation singing, to u sweet melody, ae-
eoinpanied by the organ, tlio following verses of a sacred
liynpi by Scott, in wliicli univcrsul toleration is rccoiu-
nicii'led, —
" \Vho among men, high Lord of all,
Thy servant to his bur shall call.
For modes of fiiith judge liim a foe.
And do<jin him to tlie realms of woe !
When shall our happy eyes behold
Thy jRoplo fashioned in thy mould.
And ('liarity our lineage prove
Derived from TIioo, the God of Love ?"
Tlio chapel had neither painlings, nor gold nor silver,
nor ornaments of any kind : it w as plain but decent.
'I'lio congregation neatly dressed, were collected and com-
jiosed, tlioy were not making grimaces or ejaculations,
sipioeziiig their hands or foiling their eyes, but appeared
attentive, and penetrated with tho divine servrco which
was then performing. 'J'lic priest had no tonsure, nor any
other distinctive mark than a black outer vestment, like,
a gown. He was a young man of thirty, genteelly dressed
ill black, with a shirt collar and cravat of tho nicest whiUv
ness. With sinijile and serious gesturos, in a natural
tone of voice, he delivered a discourse, which lasted three
quarters of an hour, on the abolition of slavery, a subject
which often comes iindcT discussion in the house of com-
mons, tho slavery of the negroes in tho English West
India ('olonios not being yet put an end to. lie laid poli-
tics aside, and treated his subject oxclusively in a reli-
gious point of view. 1 (K)uld not help approving this kind
of preaching, v\liieh, in [ilace of alVrighting tho mind, or
irritating the passions, accustoms tho niind to reason,
and prepares it liir receiving new impressions, and for
the progress of civilisation. Two otli(!r hymns were
sung, the minister read somo verses of thu Bible, and de-
livered a fervent prayer in Engliiih,and tho congregation,
after about an hour and a half's devolioaul exorcise, broke
up.
I may an well inform tliosc who oomo to visit tliis
island, wellntored and well pleased with the good sayings
of the coutincnt, that tho English are intolerant of all
allieists, all deists imd all infiiiels. Not tJiat tliey im-
prison and burn tluuii (fur tliey would not burn even tlie
giants who wainil against Jove,) but Uicy feel a horror,
or at least atlcct to feel it, at sccpticisiu, which Uicy call
by a term we apply only to a very profane thing — infidel-
ity, and display tiie same horror at tho slightest Jutit on
religion. That which might paeii for a joke lieioru on
archbishop in Italy, or a father inquisitor in Spain, would
not bo toloriited in England, even after tho emptying of a
roiipio of bottles of Port. It is true, indeed, that since the
l>crsceution8 of 17!I3, the liouso of no diswintiir has been
iiurnt or plundered ; opinions, thaiiks to "education, have
lMM:omc milder and lesti acrimonious ; but such is tliu bad
odour in which the English hold an unlK'liever, that it is
iJuioHt ci|uival<'nt to tho Roman punishment of interdic-
linn from fin; and water, it is more tlum a Papal excom
miiniuilion, becauso public opinion supports it; tht
greater part of the English ily his society. What Burke
says in his "Observations on Iho French Hevoliition,"
aliiiul thu veneratiiin tlio English nobility always profi^sH
for religion, isipiilotnir. From JJolingbroko downwards
il WHS perha)m only T,ord Byron (among the nobles) who
dared to direct sarcasms ngaiiist reli<;ion, und he eiicotm'
tercd censure on every side. Uentlmm and Godwin |,
of them commoners, have suftcred it to trniis|nr(. b
their works that they aro deists, and for that rcii!.nn^
not enjoy that pojiular esteem in their own country «|j,(
their works deserve. 1 hero arc many more who Hiij,
like Bentham, but tlicy aro as cautious as Cicero's aum,
when they met in tho streets of Rome; I would m,j„
that Voltaire is more read in Spain alone than in tlicfei
kingdoms of Great Britain; but not to mention \<i\b«,
Diilerot, or Hclvclius, I havo never heard even D'.'.J
bert once named, or any other of the philosophical dn,.,
of the last century, not even Rousseau.
The works of tlio French philosophers are only rem «
at any rate quoted, by the writers in the literary jour%
who, like the Egyptian priests of old, possess, exelusitc
the secret of this occult iiliilosophy, and now and ijj,
condescend to quote the proscrilied authors, only bviii
of showing that they can masticate the deadly mij
without danger, as empirics in Asia eat serpents wiii,(tf
injury. In short, this aversion is so strong, (im/.
may be said, so universally sincere,) that in spite oI'd
liberty of the press, no one thinks of printing irrclioJ
publications, because he would be sure to find fuwoij
readers, and to gain nothing but contempt. Ifn,,
were readers of tliis kind, speculators on the taste nj^
not long bo wanting. Three years ago, uu orfe
priest of tlio church of Kngland, Taylor by namo,(yi
trivcd to collect together in London a sociely oft'
persons, whoso object was to discuss tho exislcnu
non-cxistcnco of Revelation : ono evening tho subjtti
discussion was, "The folseliood of all religions, m
that of his majesty the king of England." But kIik
soon arose, and disputes wcro decided by rajis on
head with bibles or benches, and tho society was Lrci
up by tho magistrates. Mr. Taylor is under pre
lion on a charge of blasphemy. If the founder wi
audience had been more respectable, the soeioly ti,
not havo kept together for the two years it did ; In
own absurdity rendered it harmless.
Tho unitarians havo not long had a legal oxisitp
or a public worship under that title, in England. Ir,
time of William and Mary, unitarianism was Rlill i
abhorred by tho dominant church than now, and
more decidodly held to bo profanity and atheism:
by littlo and little this hatred has grown cool,,
unitarianism, after tlio occurrences and the last biir«j
intolerance in 17i)l, became so nnich respccli d, tliai
people arc continually electing professors of thai
to roproKcnt them in the house of commons, for ins
Messrs. Smith, Marshall, Wood, &e.
Tho sect is ancient, and traces its descent from
puritans, wlio first began to make a noise in Hick
of Mary ; but tho first ehapel the unitarians had
this new name, which, of itself shows tlio incroiii
courage in tho sect, and tolorance in Iho govrriuiui.i
IKiople) was in Esscx«strcet, London, in 1771. HI
principally contributed to tho public cstablisliimi
their worship, was tlio learning, the intrepidily.IlK
of a man wlio is better known to us by lii.i disoti
ill iihysics, — l)r, Joseph Priestley, of whom llic
riana aro with reason proud, as ouo of their wa."
partisans.
I read, with much pleasure, tho memoirs of lli
Renting minister, erudite tlicologian, celcbrakd cIk
and ardent friend of lilicrty and Franklin, wrilln|
hhuudf, in a stilo oxreedingly simple. Ho wn.tl«
1733, at Fieldhcnd, six miles from Lced.s, in llicw
of York, llu v:w kw -f tho warmest cliaiiipioni(|
unitariim scot and of freedom ; for both tliisc r-
hn sufl'ered, in his native country, tho billrri'sl [xi
lion. Many writers attacked Iiim, with all tlicpiEi
is ever mauifested in theological discussions, Ali
he wrote against sceplieism, although he priiiltJ
on tlip evidence:! of thel'hristian religion, he »ns
and luultrealcd os an utheisl. While some ol'hUI:
wero celebrating the anniversary of the Frenrlj h
lion, at Birminghum (the Mth of July 17ill,l «
of rabble, incited by some of the iKTSons in iKiwcr,
Ills unitarian cliajHl in which ho used to preiuli,
unitarian uie^'tiiig in the town, tt:id liis house, li
with his library and chemical apparatus. Tlie
innb dcstroyod tlin houses of many other diwH'nli
friends. 'lo nioderuto tlio joy which tho futlicr
tors might feel on hearing the narrative of lh«
griitinns, it is necessary to add, that tlioywcrel
more by llie political fury which was at that liiiif
by tliii gdveriiiiienl, than by any spirit of iiilnl
Priestley was forced to tako refuge in London,
[guise, and remained for sumo time conccaliJ ij
Ihiiuso of a friend. For the same reasons lii' wni
III withdraw from Iho Koyal ■Society of Lnmloii.oi'
l]f was a iiK
of Ids cullcii
the ago of s
from jiersect
his tinnily,
i'eniisy h anii
crs, by their
jiisliee of hi
France consi
departments
established, ii
'file eonvcnii
cilizrnship on
\v!\s (iorlincd
visili'd nnd he
prcplessnrsliip
vaiiia \v«s olTi
religions doct
tran(|iiilly ma
si.rl ill Eiiglar
nil his vicissil
ivliib: .'^heridar
piilltieul eloqui
iiy Ills friends
iiii.scry two da
n(!Iiii'iit,tliroug
such is Iho di
laiialicisin I*
From tlio per
I have given t
llioso vvliieh tli
I'mm the Ornng
England reiii, 'o
in lliilbiid, 0/ I.
Dr. Pricstlei
every tiling ist!
kept him firm, i
of life, lie diei
From the emij
on augmenting i
wholher from t.'i
iii;|)ortunce, it is
palpil. It numi
followers. The
iircliy, and prea(
passive obedient
England himself
the Sluorts, its ai
isters goes some
riiin ministers an
of king, lords, an
li'iblie, are for tli
the order and di"
liirian iiieinber.i <
to lliis w,ay of tlii
Tliis sect is nc
makes few amonj
and tew among
sonile to the pow
nation of the docf
'i'lie chajwls of
ill towns, and
rural prmluction
Kngland. Tliey
loMamino, nor tl
lijionoftlicir ma.-
oninntted, ond pro
(lissc'iilcrs of evei
ta|HTing Bjiircs or
rising every wher<
' towns the dissentir
«rc met at every si
imlive Land of ever
or roniniereial.
lu the lowu of L
nnd girls of the low
ondnrithmctic, in I
to the clmreh of I
various sects of dis
'i'licro are more 1
lanil nnd Wales:
Slates of Aniericji t
U«7 iHgin even to
tins, where ono off
liy the mere pprusa
iiiir, hy himself nioi
hull, IS now, by hJN
* Till, (iiiilior dons n(
1 inxii In li» ln.|i,.ni,,,|
""■ '"'"!'•. Willi,, |'||„B|
iniiuil r.ir Inline eirotis
TUR ITALIAN EXILE IN EN(JLAND.
Ifll
1 nml Ciodwin, U,;
it to trnnsiiirf p
I for that roanin c-
own countiy wlm;
uy mote wliotlm,
s aK Cicero's anjm
le ; I wmilil waj
jnc limn in the liji
lo mention \iihe,
icard even D'Al.;
philoBopliical ditj
u.
licrs are only rcio,"
the literary jount
possess, exclusin,-
, and now and iu-
luthors, only by ir;
to the deadly [niv
cat Bcrpcnts \vitl«
1 BO stronp, (mi,:
,) tliat in Eijitcoft,
>i' printing irreligi i
sure to find few wJ
contempt. Iflij^
)rs on the taste vtr.
!irs ago, an ordarJ
Taylor by nanio,tiJ
don n Bocicly oft4
iCiisB tho existoTml
:vening tho subjtclJ
f all religions, ati
igland." But sclij
(iidcd by raps ouo
tho society was toil
ylor is under iiroscj
If the fonnder ai:ilf
iblc, the society «■«
ro years it did ; In J
BR. I
had a legal cxisteJ
lie, in England,
irianism was Rtill nj
ch than now, anilr
inity and atlieisin:
has grown cool, i
cos and the last buml
iiucli respected, llBir
irofesHors of that if
commons, for iiisia
&c.
;es its descent froml
ko a noise in tbc ii^
|o unitarians had ;
Khows the incroal
1' in tho govcrnmoiiij
jndon, in 17TI. Vl
public cstablisbmtjl
Ithe intrepidity, the r
to us by Ilia discom
Icy, of whom tlm J
Is ouo of their wi.'a
lie was a member, to avoid nn ill reception from many
oi' Ilia colleagues. Finally on the 8lh of April 1 71)4, at
the a"H of sixty-two, in order to escape, once for all,
froiinx^rsecution, he abandoned England, and went, with
l,is family, to settle in the town of Nortlnnnbcrland,
IVnnsvhania, in the United States of America. Foreign-
ers liv their esteem and aifcction, repaid him for the in-
justice of his countrymen : tlio national assembly of
France constituted him a French citizen ; and several
departments of the republic, when tho convention was
est'ii)lishcd, invited liim to become their representalivc.
The ennvcntion, in tho sequel, conferred tho honour of
cilijrnship on his son, \nd otFered him the same; but it
^v,^.•i (Icrliiicd by both. Arrived in America, ho was
vi^led and honoured by jwrsons of high distinction, the
prolessnrshiii of chemistry in the University of I'ennsyl-
' iinia WHS oH'ercd him, numbers h'camo followers of his
iclJRioiis doctrines, — and he could freely, ojienly, and
triiii(|niily make his profession of unitarianism. This
Hi'rt ill lOiigland generously assisted him with money in
nil Ills vicissitudes. It is worthy of observation, that
while Slieridan, many years afterwards eonsiiiciions for
iiiililieul eloquence and his comic genius, was aliaiidoiiod,
liv liiM li-iends and his party, in extreme indigence and
iiiiserv ttto days before his death, Piiestlcy was always
(,(lliii'iit,tJirougl) the liberality of his fellow-sectarians; —
Hiieli ia the ditferenco between iwlitical and religio is
f'liiaticipin !•
Fnmi the persecution endured by Dr. Priestley (which
I have given an account of for that purpose,) and from
those which the catholics continually suffer in Ireland
I'rniii the Orangemen, it may safely lie inferred, that in
lln^'laiid ruiij'-ous liberty is not so solid and inviolable as
in Holland, o: i.he Ihiited States of America.
Dr. Priestley hold tlie doctrine of necessity ; that is, that
every thing if for the best. This Panglossian philosophy
kept liini firm, rea<ly, and intrepid, through uU the trials
of lite, lie died in America, in IH04, at the age of 72.
I'rQiiithe emigration of Dr. Priestley the sect has gone
oil aiigmentiiig in numbers to such a degree, that now,
wlicthcr from tlio mildness of the times, or its greater
hi;|H)rtance, it is no longer persecuted, except from Uie
piil|iil. It numlx^rs between tliirty and forty thousand
tollowors. The church of ICngland is an ally of mon-
arcliv, and preaclies from time to time tho doctrine of
passive obedience and divine right, (wliich tho king of
Kiigland himself docs not protend to,) as in tlie reign of
the Stuarts, its adulation towards tho king and the min-
isters goes Bomelimcs to an extreme, — while the unita-
rian ministers arc in favour of a lilwral mixed government
of king, lords, and commons; and, without desiring a re-
pMblie, are for the maximum of liberty compatiblo witJi
the order and dignity of tho government. All tho uni-
tarian memlwrs of parliament speak luid act according
to this way of thinking.
Tills sect is not anxious to moko proselytos, — and it
makes few among tlio poor, because they aro ignorant,
and lew among tlio rich, bocauso they aro in general
servile to the powers tliat bo, or negligent in tlio cxaiai-
natiim of tlic doctrine they profess.
The chajiels of the unitarians arc generally to bo found
in towns, and especially manufacturing towns. The
rural production almost entirely follow tho churoli of dinaJ inaiiins, from tho church of I'^igland. Tlie ra
Kiiglaiid. They havo noitlicr tlia timo nor opportunity ' ' ■ ' * *' ' " ''■*
to cxaniino, nor tlio resolution to separato from, tho re-
ligion of tlicir masters. Freedom of thought is cherished,
oniinated, and protected in tlio towns : th(!y swarm with
ilissentcrs of every creed, while in tho country tho
ta|Hring spires or gothio towers of the churches are noon
rising every wliero witliout a rival, in tho commercial
towns the dissenting cha|)ela (which cannot have steeples)
arc met at every step. Tho EngHsb towns aro now the
native land of every Bpocioa of liberty, jiolitieal, religious,
or coniniorclal.
lu the town of Rutniagham, fourteen tlioiisand hoys
and girls of the lowest orders ore taught roading, writing,
ond arithmetic, in gratuitous schools ; 8 100 of tliese lielong
to the church of England, and tbo romaiuing llfiOO to
various sects of disscntt^rs.
Tlicrfl arc more than eighty unitarian chapels in Eng-
land and Wales: lot it bo addod, that in the United
Slates of Aincricji they aro still moro numerous, and that
tliey begin even to scatter themselves over the I'iist In-
dies, where one of tho rich Ilrohmius, (Rammohim Hoy,)
by the men^ perusal of tJic Old and New TeHhinent, hnv-
iiil', by liiinself nioiie, Iwcomc converted to tlie unitarian
liiilh, IS now, by his writings and his iuHuence, inade pro-
' I'lw author donii not pnipi'ily illsrrlmliinto. Phi rliinn wa« noi
n itinii In I)m tieii''nii><1 l>y ulllt) of niiiney whii'ti wftre liivitilied or
ilii' liMiili'. while I'rieslli'y, ihe chuin|ili>ii ot a seel, was In he sim
tniiiwl lor ruiiiio eiruilB,— i.U
selytis in (Jalcutta, among the idolaters; to which end lie
still piescivcs the title and habit of a Braliinin. As to the
npiiiiuii of Voltaire, that our times arc no longer favniira-
IpIc to new ri ligions,^-of i\n: twenty other Kccts which
have arisen since Voltaire wrote his treatise on Socinus, I
will here only make mention of tlic methmlists, who now
amount, in F.iigland, to more than a million, and arc ctill
more numerous in America.
METHODISTS, RANTEHS AND JUAIPERS.
When Voltaire hazarded that opinion of his, he had not
rellscted that flic frro iiuiuiry which is the foundation of
the Protestniit rrligloii, will 1m: a pen iiiiial ioimtain of
new opinions, to which piety and ambition will give chiefs
and liillowcrs. Man is an ape;; when he is a slave, he
loos nothing but imitate ; but when his mind is free, it
is not content with copying, but goes in search of variety,
of novelty, nay, even ot'exinivaganci'; and delights in ar-
riving at the same end, by a hundreil dillennt ways. In
politics, how many kinds of government have nations in-
vented when they were masters of the soh'ctuinl IIow
many clill'cient republics were there in ."Magna (orcein,
and in (irrrcr, before the time of . Aristotle ! How many
ditlin^iit furiiis still were there in Italy, in the middle
ages! How many dillVrent constitutions are there every-
day in Switzerland ! All had liberty for their aim, but
each chose a different way of obtaining it. Thus, in
literature, the aim is the beautiful and the pleasing, but
by bow many different paths does it arrive at them I Uni-
formity, unanimity, is, in general, only the effect of op-
pression and despotism, which draws up, mcdilies, and
arranges, all brains into one mould, in the same manner
as bricks and tiles.
To make oneself iJio founder of a sect, is not an enter-
prise so very ar<luous. Three or four students unite to-
getlier at tiie UniviTsity of Oxford, to read the Old and
New Testament vielltodicnlly : tliey draw from them
some interpretations likely to cultivate the mind of thi'
rude multitude, such as "instantaneous conversion,"
sudden reconciliation of the sinner with Ood," — a sono-
rous voice, !i little eloquence, insinuating manners, some
Jiarity, some virtues, and in the beginning, some exag-
geration and some (luaekery, to catch the wcait minded,
these are the means of very soon drawing togetlier a
crowd of proselytes. The new principles arc first
broached in the churches, — if they encounter some oppo-
sition there, tlic preachers go out into the fiilds, in tlie
o|K'n nir, and expound witli all their might and main :
tiic rudest and most imcultivated parts of the population
are selected, such as the coal, tin, and iron miners, &,e.
This is an abridgment of the history of Whitfield and the
two brotliers Wesley, founders of tlio sect now called
Metliodisls, from t.'ie strict metliod tJiey pursued in their
studies at the University of Oxford, nliout tho year 1710.
Scarcely, however, was the new sect of nietliodists
founded, belbro it divided into several sects, into New
.Methodists, Ranters, and Jumpers. The aritlimetio of
sects, says an English theologian, proceeds from multi
plication to division. Tho meijiodists, propi-rly bo called,
and tlio new ractliodlsts, who compose Uic greati-r part
of these 8<>ctnrians, diller little, or not at all, in their car
lers and jumpers are, however, to say tho truth, a Utile
extravagant in their a.'renionies. I wislicd lo eco llie
juiiipors ; Ui<>y are accustomed lo Jump, at tho sauiu time
singing, " Clory, Glory," until tlieir strength liiiling, tliey
llill on tho ground. The most robust are tbo most uien-
torioiiB. 'X'his new kind of I'antomimists I should have
liked, to 8C<s — but their congrcgalioiis iiro in WaJes, whicJi
I havo not yet visited. I was Ihercfore obliged to con-
tent myself with the sight of a religious festival of another
branch of tlio extravagant nietliodists called Banters. It
won tho muntli of May, tho love feast was celebrating,
tliat is, tho enmmtmlon of tlie I^ord's Siip|>OT, or tho cor.
roBjionding communion of the sect. The ranters liavi
no priosts, Ihosn among them who ara the leoHt clownish,
and tho boldest in public speaking, take the part of min-
istera. Tli(! form of the communion causistB in the handing
of pi<ieeM of bun to every one, by n norvant of tho cha|)cl.
On this day tlio riuitera relate in a loud voleo llio me-
tliod of tlieir ronversion, which tlioy call "new birth;"
one afier njiotlier they get up as if iniliieneed by Ihe spi-
rit lo tell tlie day, Ihe niontli, tho year, the hour in which
Uii:lr conversion was cfTectod. They k^gin softly, and in
their natural voice, then, us if some unseen spirit had en.
tered Into tt'iem, go on rolling their eyes nud elevating
their voice in such a crracruiln, that it rather affrights
Ihtin edities. Ifthe reign of the devil in /irn//; irt /icrdunrt'
were mil at all end, I should have thought llieni |HisseRsed.
II hud one iieur me with u voice like ueuthidral bell, and
who moved his arms about as much as a wind-mill. Fven
the ladies displayed their eloquence, and their inspiration ;
this cackling and howling conlimied (or two hours. 1
went out confounded, but thought nevertheUss that all
this licllowing might be sincere, because, their imagina-
tions being jiiedisposed, the examples of the others, and
the presence of the public, may operate to inflame their
enthusiasm to this pitch. 'I'lie following day Ihe congrc-
gallon went singliiaf hymns by tho way, lo an o)K'n field,
— and here tlii' orators had an o|Kirlimily of satiating
their mania for eloquence. One of them preached on his
return in Nollingham markel-plaee for three hours, sur-
rounded by nn immrnse multitude : thi! others mean-
while did what they wanted, as if he were preaelihig in
the desert. l)y good luck this love-least recurs only
onei: a year.
l!iit is not all this iniseellany of rclitrions creeds an evil,
a scandal, at h'ast a disorder ? " No," luie day said to
mn a polished and liandsuine laily,\vli(i was devimt through
coiuietiuii," I bilievelliat this diversity of opinions is not
an evil ; that it stimulates emulation, and keeps up Iho
llaiiie of love lor religion, and that without it ue should
jirolialily relapse into iiidiHi.Teiiee. It is evident, that
even in this the liberty of lliiiikiiig is conlijviiiable to tJiu
emls of Providence." " I coneede it, but docs it not jiro-
(luce theol();,'ieal disputes and wars 7" "Discussions it does,"
rejoined she, " but not wars. Anddiscussions, when lliey
are learnedly and liberally sustained, on both sides, keep
minds In aelivity, and promote the spirit of search and
analysis." " I concede even this, but at least you "ill
agri I', iiiadam, that this variety of sects tends to render
them divided, and odious lo each other." " I eaniict en-
tircly d( ny what you advance, but if, in one point of view,
il piijiiiotes division, in the other it makes each of them
more eircumspeet in conduct, and induces llio.se of Iho
same sect to assist one another w illi greater warmth, and
to keep up a rivalry in well iiiliinned iiiinisters, and
above all, in gratuitous schools for poor ehildrtn, and col-
leges lor tlie youth of tlie respectable classes. For exam-
jile, when the Quaker* Lancaster had discuvi red and dif-
I'used his method of mutual instruction, the church <if
England was constrained lo invent and ndopt a system
almost similar to that of Hell, and n>e versa, tJie Sunday
schools for poor children being first established in tho
elmrcb, the dissenters, not to be behind hand in the work
of charitable instruction, eagerly set up Simday schools
for tlic children of their own |K'rsnasion. Thus you sec,
the good ellccls of this rivalry are much greater than tho
bad." " It ajipcars lo me, madam, that you are very well
prepared lor these discussions; but pray does not govern,
inent lose some of its [lowcr by Ibis multiplicity of discor-
dant opinions ?" Here the lady cast down her eyes, and
went on with tho landscape she was drawing as a keep-
sake for a female friend, suspending the argi:i";ntoii liur
side, because the English ladies never enter into]Hilitieal
disputes. In her place, a gentleman, who, while reading
the newspaper, had heard our discussion, look up Iho
conversation by observing, " If tlie hand of government is
not so strong, the danger of its despotism is the less :
you must be awaro that tlie dissenters wore tho champi-
ons of Uie revolution under Charles Iho First. But wo
will leave thoso strong limes to thcmsclve.'s, and speak of
other advantages procured by them, wilhout fiuiutielsiii
and without bloodshed, To the multiplication of sects
wc arc indebted for niajiy changes favourable to liberty,
I»lli riligious and jiolitical. It is lo their j)erseveraneo
and llie increase of^ tlieir umiilK'r, that we owe Ihe almost
total destruction of tlic doctrino of the divine right of
kinj,-H_and bishops, which, one hundred and fifty years
ogo, under Charles the ;Sc'Cond and .lames tho Second,
wa» stoutly maintained by tlie greater part of the members
of the cliurch of England. It is olso a eoiisetpienco of
the sects having become powerful, in numbers, in learned
meu, iu wealth, and in illustrious examples, tliat the low-
er orders of tlie jicople are no longer tho close allies of the
church they were in the reigns of the two first tleorgcs,
when tliey were always ready, at the BlighU'st signal from
the clergy and the country justices, to throw thcinselvcH
on tho nonconformists, and level their conventicles with
the ground. Tho people is no longer tho leviathan, tlio
ferocious beast in whose form Ilobbos iM'rsonificd it, ready
for violence, ond furious when its master gave the signal.
Now Ihe lower classes ask for reason lieforo llicy act.
Many ecclesiastical abuses havo been exposed to their
view, and many religious errors of the church trium-
phantly confuted, and now Ibey are nshamed of being, as
they once were, held in vassalage by the eliureh, and
obliged lo take the field nt the cry 'The church is in
;!:-,;*rv,: '■■'-.■
i.:';v ' •■, ■■■I
m
n
■ %
..>'4
i.^.
'm
■^
a
Ki\
* I.aiicafiti.-r wore the gailiof Fiii'iils, Inii was not a iiicinlier —
l.')2
THE ITAMAN EXILB IX ENGLAND.
■■Il' '
i|
i\^:'
M';1*
I-- .-,)>•
danjor !' Tliis i^ tlio point of viiiw in wliicli the sorts
ouijlil to be reffardeil, and not in tliut of tlic tlieolojjical
disjmtutions hetwetn tlicin nnd the churchi or the cere-
monies and ridirnloMs litcs ol'sonie of them." Here the
lady, leaving otT her Hketchiiij;, and holdinj; the pencil
with inHnile jfraee l)etwecn her lingers, asked iiie ifl had
never seen the b.iptisinal ceremony ot" the sect eijled
"Baptists." I told her, no; and then she ailded, " If yon
go to morrow at eleven o'clock to tlie llaplitt ineetin^r-
iionse, yon will see the haptisni of several young persons,
wliieli is then to Im' celihrati'd ; go, hut l)e serions." 'I'he
next morning I failed not to follow the adviet^ of my
lovely devotee, and, exactly at elevi'n o'clock, entered a
little, neit, and comniodiona eha|iel, holding not more
than fijur or five hundred |ier»ons, which was that hclnng-
ing to the Uaptists, wlio do not like to be called Anabap-
tists,
BAPTISTS.
Tli« Ecrvioc commenced with tlio singing of some
hymns, ai)propriate to the ceremony : then the minister
made, or at any rate, recited iinpromjila a comment on the
])nssagc of the New Testament relating to the baptism
of ( 'hrist in the river Jordan. He iusisti'd principally
on the point, that the words of Jesus, and the example
Bct by him, ajid followed by otluTS in the gos|)cl, were
much to be preferred to human inventions (liy which he
niennt the common form of baptism). If the premises
were admitted, the inference would bo just. So con-
vincing did tho reasons he gave apiicar to the preacher,
that he could not help advancing and pressing on in his
discourse, as a general vigorously presses on the rear of
a Hying enemy. I was nut so much astonished at his
]xr"suasion that ho liad decided, without np|)eal, the
fiucdtionj whether a n);m ought to have his head only
immersed in the water, or enter altogether into it, — as
in some degree mortified, at hearing myself told, by im-
plication, that I was " (// Imptized." No matter — I n;-
membcred I was in a land of toleration, and within my-
self forgave the preacher the involuntary alVront. AHer
the sermon, and alter some more hymns had been sung,
the proselytes who wore to receive the ordinance, lilcd
ntf into the adj.jining romns to strip. It is, of ennrse,
necessary that the baptist chapels shoulil be built liki'
bathing houses. In Ihcl, tliere was an ample cistern of
water ill fr.nit of the puliiil, about lour feet deep, wilii
Kleps to airend and descend. Adjoining the chapel, be-
hind the imlpit, are two rooms for dressing and undress-
ing, one for the women, and one tor the men. Tiiere
were five young women to be baptized, bctweeu the
ages of eighteen and twenty. They came out dressed
ill a white habit, tied round tlio neck, with a large wliil
etiif on their beads. Tiiese descended the steps one at
a time, and placed tliciiiselves before the priest, win
Btood imiiiersed to above tho knee in the water, in tlii-
reproseiitalivo of the Jordan, enveloix-d in a large black
guwn. The minister pronounced in Knglish, In fore the
young woman also inimeised in tho water, the worils, " 1
baptize tlice in the name," &e. &e.; and, as soon as be had
ultered these words, plunged tho jioor ycmiig woiii
entirely into the water. Allcr somo splashing, she
was quickly lillcd up again, and immediately taken
away to be dried and drexsed. Some of them, i linked
by the waler, set up a shriek in tlio very act of beiiij;
ducked. Not so a young man, w ho was bapti/ed in the
same style : of the age, pi'rhaps, of about twenty-live,
bhck bearded, with none of his clothes oil', but in his
coat, trowsers, waisteoat, and shoes, he entered as he
was into the citern; and, as one aeiiistomed to swim
across ;i river, underwent the ceremony as if it wire a
mere wash.
For. myself, I can only say that it was terribly hot In
this crowded lillle chapel, being the first of June; and
that the heat, more thin anything cKe, conviiieed me
that the baptists have special good reason on lln ir hI.Ii'
in the suniiner. I was told, however, that many nieiii-
Ihts of the sect, not liking the" eerenmny cither in sum-
mcr or winter, neglect receiving baptism altegellier ;
which, with these sectaries, is not a sacrameni, or an
essential right, but merely an explicit declaration (made
at the age when a man knows what he is doing) lliatlie
enters inli the coinmuiiinn of t'hristians. From the
book of Dr. Rvaiis it appears that some of the baptists,
in ordiT to be more consistent, and to (i)llow the gos|iel
with the utmost |iop>ible exactness, instead of celebrating
baptism in the artificial Jorilan, go to llii' banks of a
real and actual river, and there dip Ihemselves with all
tlie precision in aifinable.
QUAKEUS.
The banker. Fry, a rich quaker of London,* and a
man extremely courteous to all the fonigners who have
recoiniiiendations to him, the first day I made his ac-
quaintance, invited mo to dine with him at his brother
in law's, Ulr. Buxton, the meinlier of |>arliaiiient, and
told me to ask for him, in order that be might present
me to our host. At six o'clock precisely, I give a sono-
rous knock at the door of Mr. Buxton's house ; the scr-
nt, thinking inu one of the guests, o|>cns the door, and
shows iiie the way to tho dining room, and I, believing
it so arranged by Air. Fry, enter with all conliilenco and
intrepidity ; when, behold ! I find myself in the midst of
a great number of guests at table, witli no Ulr. F'ry to
!«■ seen. Such a mishap might disconcert any body, and
es|H'cially one who R|)oko ICiiglisli rather ill, and yet
ought by rights to justify, by the finest phrases of the
(f itiitei), his extemporaneous ap|)earaiice among unknown
and astonished iiulividilals. But what would not bis
surprise have been at finding himself, as I did, in the
midst of the smoke of the viands, and_ several blazing
ean<llcs, in the presence of a iiumlKT of ladicp, uniform-
ly dressed, after the tiishion of nuns, with handkerchiefs
like the tuckers they wear, with countenances smooth
as mirrors, untouched by the passions, and of lour men,
with their faces covered with paint, great rings dangling
from their ears, others still larger I'roiii their noses, and
a <lrcss of many colours, covered all over with chains
and Spanish dollars ? But there was no time to turn an
absohito statue for astonishment, — for these gentle ladies,
with a smile still more saeet than that which is usually
seen on the comitenaiices of lOnglishwomcn, and inan-
ner si ill more familiar, invited me, each more pressingly
than another, to scat myself nt table. Had I been in
Italy, I should have believed the party some pleasant
inas"querade ; but in lOngland, truly 1 could not guess
what it could possibly be. While I was guessing where
I could have got to, acknowledging the many kind olVeis
of the ladies, and eyeing those lour kings of cards sort
of fiees, Air. Fry arrived and explained the mistake
which the guests might iKlieve I had committed: and it
is now my turn to explain the enigma of those four ex-
traordinary table companions. The gcnlleinen who had
so many things dangling from their ears and noses, were
four chiefs of Iiiclian tribes ill Canada, assuming to
themselves the title of kings, who had arrived a short
lime before in London, to complain before (Afir hrutlier
the 1 iiig of England, of some unjust proceedings of the
governnr of Canada ; — the ladies were quaUcresKes, ami
among '.hem was the celebrated Mrs. Fry, who, to bene-
vok'iice and inlbnnation, unites a solemn, peaceful, and
m.ajeslie aspect. This is the somewhat singular manner
ill whiili I made tlic accpiaiiitance of this lady-frioiid,1
who, :is is well known, has, by her example, cslablisluil
a society of missionaries, who preach in the prisons ol
tin: women in confinement.
lOvcry myslery cliarctl up, and legally installed at t!ie
table, Iluoii pari, witliout reserve, in the general good
liiimour, ami, having discovered that the four kings
talked French well enough, having been educated by the
French Jesuits, of wlioiii they sjMike with little of either
respect or gratitude, I diverted myself exceedingly by
asking lliein no fewer questions on their country than
(he synilie of llie eily did Voltaire's Huron. When din-
ner Was eiiiUd, whiii tho procession of bottles round tlie
tallies cnmiiunees, each with his haptisinal name in sil-
ver roimil his neck, the master of the house requc.led
one of tbeii|>'iinled majesties to explain in their own
language (the heller to divert us) tlic eomplainls they
were loiMrry Ix'fore the Knglish govcmmenl. The must
advanerd in age rose up willi much complaisance, and
delivered a discourse, whieli an interpreter, who tr.ivel-
leil along with llieiii, alterwards translated for us. 'I'lu'
most reiiiarkalile Ijiing in this savage harangue w;.s,
llial Ihey were very much surpri;;eil that, allliough they
bad been a iiionlh in London, f/ii ii Arn/Arr, the king of
Knglaiiil, had not yet given them audience. Mr. liux-
ton I'li'U look up the diseimrsn in Knglish (that they in
Iheir turn might not understand a word\ and vindicated
Ihe honour of his govcriiineiit by saying, that |K'rhaps
the niultiplicily of nll'airs had till now hindered il from
hearing Iheir eom|)laiiils, but that it would not delay
doing Ihein justice. Let not this iormalily of spei ili-
niakingapixar ridiculous, liecanse it is the national ciis-
♦ 'Pin- b-iiikin? Iioiieenr wliii'li Mr. Try was n niriiiber linn, \\i
al ■ il'loniHiI, wilirr laij il. -/■.(/,
f 'I'll.' iiiiakerH rail llhir bitI "The Hmlely nf Krleii,l.i," I
slini|i(l iKil liaMt inailt' iihc of ttle iiatiiM ijuafirr, wtiii-ll in l:^l:li^l
is a lerin el'liule rr'sperl, wt'le it intl tlif liuiiii! by wlii.'.h llir^^i
wflarle^ art* kimwa in Uti\y.
torn lit every dinner ot' any ini|M)rtancii to follow the
forms of parliament. As almost all great atfuira art
carried on at dinner, it was necessary, to avoid the con.
fusion and uproar that would otherwise arise during H^.
circiilalion of tlic bottles, to adopt parliamentary iisaircs.
This has so penetrated into their most familiar hahlts,
that Ihe English never talk all together in chorus {as
liny do ill certain countries); but, amongst tlieni, lulk-
ing'onc alter another is a tiling as natural in a discus,
sion as putting out one leg after the other in a walk. I
must here observe, by the by, that among the other re-
semblances (and I could iioint out many, were this llio
projier place) between the British empire and the an-
cient liomaii, is that of the protection which the nicm-
bers of the house of commons or English senate otl'cr,
with a laudable pride, to individuals, provinces, amj
kings of all the world, who think themselves aggrievtO.
Thus Mr. Bu.xton had engaged, with the assistance of
his friends in parliament, to procure tho re|>aratioii nf
the wrongs of these four Indian caciques, if their cliar(;os
should prove well founded. Justice is not always done,
nor can it always be done, in the English parliaiiionl;
but injustice is at least published to all tho world, by the
sound of the trumpet. How many kings and emperiirs,
who flattered themselves with the hope of concealinj;
their crimes beneath the mantle of justice, have been
there unmasked and shown to all their conteni|iorari(R,
with the dagger in their hand with which they assassi.
naled their subjects !
The iKililencss of these caciques was extreme. After
tea, witliout waiting for much asking, they sung amj
danced according to their Indian manner. Althniii,'li
the quakers ajiprovo of neither music nor dancing, ji
seemed to mo as if the friends and fricndesses, who
were there present, took the song and dance of tliesr
royal personages in excellent part, though the former
was horrible and the latUr frightful. But such is Ihe
sorcery of the very name of king, that had tlieri^ lieni
<iuakers at the court of Leo the St^cond,* even tiny, jht.
bap.-!, would have found tlic bowlings of his Leonine
majesty most liarinonious.
At eleven the party broke up. Mr. Fry politely invit.
ing 1110 to pass the night at his country house, about ten
ilcs ilistant from London : I entered his carriage wiih
much pleasure, and, after having missed the road two nr
llircc times (for the coachman, not being a quaker, iliil
not observe tho sobriety of quakers), at two o'clock in
the morning wo arrived at a villa which, as 1 saw nest
lay, had all the cleanliness, neatness, and order (williuiit
any useless pomji or ornament), whieli are the chiirae-
teristies of the sect.
The next morning I had an opportunity of makiiif
the acquaintance of all the family, servants and servant
maids included ; for, according to the custom of the
sect, before briakfasl, we all assembled in a room to hear
read a passage from tho Bible. One of the sons accord-
ingly read to us some part of Scripture, I now furpi
wliat, without any ceremony or prayer, because {\m
seel uses no prayers of any kind, even at tiieir nieclliii;
on Sunday, where every one passes two hours scaleil in
iiicditatioii (I do not know on what subject). As nrei-
deiit would have il, this was the day on wliic^h Mrs. Fry
was iiceuslomcd to preach in the great piison of Loiidim
(Newgate); I askeil of her a ticket of admission, willi
her signature, and, after taking leave of the family, Hew
along to London, with a colt in a Ntanliope, at the rule
of liiurteen mib's an Innir, and soon foiiiid myself at Ihe
eiil ranee ol'llip gbioniy prison of Newgate. After |i,ijs-
iiig through five or six well ironed doors, I was inlrn-
ihiced inio a room <m the second lloor, where several
Englisli and foreign travellers were niready assiiiihieil,
in some dislini^ scats on the right hand side. The laiiir
of Mrs. Fry, the novelty of the institution, and the ciiri
iisiiy felt by Kngli-'hiiieu to see in London what liny
have already read iiiagiiilied in Ihe newspapers, iilwa\>
ilraw many speelalurs togclber on this ilay. Tin' iiurM
miinerous audience, however, is composed of from liirty
to fifty unifnrnily and decently dressed women, wliii are
luider sentence of traiisportalion. Of these 1 will B|Kak
presently.
Meanwhile Mrs. Fry made her entrance, with a cnnii-
Icnance of surenily, and a mien nnlurally mnjeslic, «e.
eoiiipanied by two other quak.'r females as aUhs-ite-ramf.
and look Inr scat nt a lillle table in the midst of the roiiiii.
on which lay a large Bible, with the gravity of nn areli.
Iiisliop. Allcr reading some verses aloud with a clear
voice and ilislinet pronuneialion, she delivered n cnni-
meiit la- riillier n sermon upon them, which from ilssim
plieity coiilrasled strongly with Ihe figurative and orieii-
* S'vllii! ruliliMiriliuH|wnkliig An innU(<ill Aninmli I'nrloiiil'
t*;>i
TIIK ITALIAN EXIIiE IN FNGLANO.
IfiS
CO to t'ollow tin
(jreiit atViiira art
,o avoid lliu con.
arise during iln.
imcntury usaucs.
liiiiiiliar imliiis,
LT ill chorus {as
injjst tlioiii, talk-
lurul ill a discus.
<T ill a walk. [
ing the otlii'r re-
y, were this the
pire and tliu nii-
which the mcin.
litih senate otiVr,
, ])roviiiC('s, ami
selves aggrii'viO.
tlie assistance of
he rciKiralioii (if
s, if tlieirchnrps
not always dour,
;li8h parliament;
the world, by the
[fs and emperors,
)po of concenlin''
isticc, have born
r conteni|K)riiriis,
lich they assassi.
s extreme. After
S they snncr and
inner. Altliou(;li
: nor danciiijr, ii
fricndesses, wlin
1 dance of thiso
oiif;h the formir
lliit such is the
it had there! licm
I,* even tliey, |icr.
) of his Leonine
Fry politely iiivil.
f house, about ten
his carriajje wjili
:i\ the road two er
inff a quaker, diil
[ at two o'cloek in
ell, as I saw next
I order (without
are the cliurac-
.unity of makins
ants and servanl
custom of the
n a room tu bear
ftlic sons accord.
ire, I now furpl
cr, because this
at liieir nicclin;;
hours seated in
bjec^t). As ncri-
which Mrs. Fry
Ii isoii of f joiidon
admission, willi
tlie family, Hew
hope, at the rale
ind myself at the
Aller pass-
I was iiilrn.
where tKAcral
ready nKsi'inlilul,
side. The faiiii'
on, and the curl.
iiidoii whut Ihiy
ipapcrs, nlwavs
day. 'I'lii' "ii'^l
'(I of from I'orij
ivoinen, who aiv
hese 1 will B|Hak
1)
■at.'
irc, with a enun-
ally majestic, af-
lis aiihs-ile-camf,
lidstof tberooni,
ivity (if an anli-
ud with a char
h'livered n com
^lidi from ilssim
Irative uiid orini-
AnlinnU rnrmiii'
111 jitvie of the text, and lasted a :iod half hour. I bioked
10 sec iftliin preacliinjj produreil oiiy ell'cet on the eoiiii-
lenanrcs "I' the prisoners. Hut whether it was that the
dis(Miirse «as not very niovins (fiir the (piakers (funrd
tliciiiselvt'S from inHaminij the passions, even the virtuous
ones and their countenances tiear witness of it), or that
lh(; hearts of these prisonens were harder than the bars
of iheir prison, I did not discover in them the sliifhtest
nii'ii of contrition — nay, I detected some « Im were
throwiiiir about malicious frbinccs in an almost ironieul
sniih'. A disciple of Iiavater would not have let the ob-
nervation escape! him that the greater part of these had
rather putl'ed up faces, round and prominent eyes and
hitio (lyebrows, which asiH!Ct in young jicrsons usually
denotes heedlessness or impudeiiee. A great number of
these ivoinen have been guilty of roiwated tliells, and are
trans|K)rled to Hotany Hay for seven or fourteen years,
a}i(l some even for life. They go to jmpiibitc that im-
nnnse island, from which jicrhaps will spring up one
(lav another valorous race of Koinnns, who will boast of
their nobility when they can trace their descent, without
inlerrii|ition in the quarterings, to this lofty origin. All
the time up to their embarkation they are under the
cliaije of some of tlio quakeresses, who attend to cor-
rcctinjr their morals, accustoming tlicm to work, and
preventing quarrels and abuse among them. Those who
conduct tliemselvcs best arc recommended to tin! cle-
nicney of the king, and the iirodiict of tlieir labours,
joined to the alms left them by visiters, serve to jirovidc
tlicin nitii articles of dress and equipments for theii
voyage.
When the prisoners were gone, Mrs. Fry cnmc to con-
verse with us, and told us that she had received letters
I'rom Mexico and St. Pctcrsburgli, which informed her
that some ladies of those two capitils had followed her
example with good success. In tlngland other quakcr
hidies, imitating the example of Mrs. Fry, discharge the
same pious mission in various of the prisons. Many,
lio«evi!r, doubt if such proceedings, instead of improving
and correcting the prisoners, will make any thing of
them bnt hypocrites. I myself took the trouble to ask
the opinion of several sensible jailers, and found they
also Iklieved they would lead to nothing hut hyimerisy.
IJnt is not even feigned repentance (supposing it Icigned)
always better than the impudent triumph of crime? And
it' the good are preached to that they may become iK'tter,
Is it not still more naturnl that the hail should be iireaeliod
to that lli(!y may become good t In fact the minister I'eel,
who uM(li!iBtands these matters very well, and has super-
inlendeil for many years the discipline of the prisons, has
always, instead of opposing obstacles to the practice as
prciucli(!lnl, been liberal of his patronage to Mrs. Fry.
This then is the way in wliie,, Mrs. Fry, disdaining
llie Idleness her riches oll'ered for her acceptance, has
«uc(!ceded ill discovering an occupation which does hon-
our to her heart, and has for its object the ninelioration
ol" the condition of individuals and of society. Tliis is
the way that the qiiakcrs, in Bjiite of their dark coats
without nictal buttons, of their broad brimmed hats, and
of soon' eiiatoms in siieaking, which arc, to say the truth,
a little strange, have supiHirtod themselves against the
ridicule wliieli overwhelms so many, by searching for
every method of becoming useful to their fellow cr(!a.
lures. They united, tlie; s(H)ke, they acted with the
philanthropists who procured the abolition of the slave
irailc. At the present day, they never cease striving tor
the entire aliolition of the slavery in the Knglish eoli)iii(!s
In America. Many of theiu use I'jiist Indian sugar in
Ihclr t'amiliefi, though iiiueh dearer than the other, to
discredit and clien|ien the West Indian sugar, bathed
with the sweat iind blood of negrwis. They signed the
l«'lillons to parliament to put a stop to the barliarons
enstom, in use at Malabar and other provinces subject
111 tin! Knglish giiverument in India, of the widows burn
MIL' themselves to death on the funeral piles of tlieii 1ms-
liands. When the tJreeks in the first years of their rev(
liillon were in want of [lowder, of bread, and even of salt,
the ipiakers were th(! first to collect tor their assistance!
nine tlinusimd pounds sterling. They form the (unarmed)
Hii^nard of every philanthropic enterprise. The best
Dnclish griiiniuar was composed by a qiiaker, I\Ii. Mur-
ray. The schools of iimlual instruction were invenled
liy Mr. ljaiicast(!r, and Mr. Alli!n made the dise(wery
known, thus spreading through all Fnro|ic us it were a
vaccination ngninst ignorance. The iiithnt schools are
now kept in lite by the qitakers. Thi! discipline of the
prisons cimtiiiually occiipivs the attention of the sect.
Diit 1 wish to point out nnother improvenu lit origiiinting
in them, and which has not perhaps yet Imcii siillicieiitly
talked of ill KiiroiH', allhough it forms the admiration of
•ill the travellers in F,nal.'inil.
TIIR KKTHKAT;
on, i.UN.vnc asvi-i'-m, .nkak vouk.
I shall nc ver lie weary of repeating that F.nglnnd is a
country rather to make observations, than to seek aiiiu.se-
iiient in; — it is a great scientific treatise. Its theatres
are the arsenals of Deplford and I'ortsmoiitli, or the Kast
and West India docks; its paintings aic the maiiiifne-
turcs of (ilnsgow, of Manchester, of Leeds, of llalilux ;
its coliseums, iirches, and arenas, are its smoky shopu
and I'aetories, with which whole provinces arc covered;
its cluimji«flijKir8 are the iron mines of Wales, the tin
mines of t'ornwall, the coal mines of Newcastle. Kng-
laiid is not the island of Alcina, where the inhnbitiiiits
pass their days in song and careless laughter, to U'coiiie
afterwards plants and beasts. L(!t us reiiieiiib(T, that the
Knglish ore the men of Kurope. They laugh littb' (per-
liiips too littb), but they study instead how to render lit!-
as little unliappy as possible, and to tame and educate
the great beast, iiianUiiid. •
I have often found it useful to confront the opinion of
some writer on public economy, with the example on a
grand scale, which Kiigland presents on almost every
|)oiiit of the science. 1 rememb .-, for instiinee, that
IJicei says, in a pa.ssage of his valuable work on "Cha-
ritable Establishnieiits," that there is no country in the
world, where on an eepnil area there are so many insti-
tutions of public beiietieeiiee as in tln! city of Modeiia.
Now I am at this very time in a <!ity of England, — York,
— so full of pious institutiims, hospitals, gratuitous dis-
pensaries, and es|>ceially orphan houses and free schools,
that I should he very iniieli surprised, if, comparing the
small area of this city of twenty thousand inhabitants
with that of Mo<lena, it did not, on this merit, llir surpass
it. Hut, setting aside this partial comparison, and extend,
iiig it, insteail, between the whole of the island and an
eipial superficies of It ly, I am certain that the last
would he transferred to England. [1 do not mean to
speak of Ireland, which is now unjustly paying liaek a
part of the evils and persecutions the eat holies once made
the protestants sutler.] It .swarms with hospitals, retreats,
infirinarie.T, asylums, colleges, and schools, maiiitaiued at
private exiiense, and conducted according to the direc-
tion of the benefactors. I have visited numbers, but 1
shall not attempt to describe them. An estimable friend
of mine. Count Arrivabeiic, of Mantun, has already for
two years given himself up with ardour to this under-
taking. I could never hope to c(pinl, luncli less to sur-
pass, the diligence and the fervour he has expended on a
work, in which his intellect is seconded and strengthened
by his heart. As, however, I had opportunities, in the
course of my long residence at York, of examining at-
tentively the Uetreat, or Lunatic Hospital, erected there
by the i|uakers, thirty years ago, I hope my friend will
pardon me if I trespass a little on his juris.f^.tioii.
I confess, then, that one of my indueeiiieiit.s to sjicak
of it arises from the disgustful recollection which
" With fright
Still bathos my heart in sweat,"
imjilantcd in my mind by the hospital outside tlic gates
of Milan, called La Senavra ; and by that of the Bieetre,
a short distance from I'aris. Let not this ob.servation be
taken in ill part : I do not wish to make it a relleetioii on
either France or Italy ; for in England itself, est iblisli-
ments of this kind, in times past, were conducted in a
most shameful manner; so tlmt, altiiough their govern,
inent has been ameliorated for some years, complaints
arc even now brought before parliament of the ill usage
of [K-rsons in these asyliiiiis. It is only thirty years since
a more enlightened philanthropy has corrected tlieir
errors, and siqipressed their aliuses. It was the Uetreat
of York tlmt set the example of a belter considered
humanily, and served as a model for the refiirms which
were afterwards eagerly intriulueed in the other hospi-
tals. It was a novelty (I say if in the teeth of those
Tureo-tMiiistian governments which love not novelties')
that eirecfed such extensive good. This is the iirincipal
reason for which I esteem it not unusefiil to give a few
heads of the system. I nni not, however, the first to
speak of it. M. Delarive, a medical man of Oenevn, gave
a description of it in 17!I8, in the " liibliothequc Itritan.
iiique;" but the establishment was then in its infancy, —
it had liceii in existence only two years. It afterwards
underwent souk! additions to the buildings, and some
variations in the regimen ; it will not, fhercl'ore, lip a use-
l(!ss or presumptuous re|M'tition to relate the results con.
firmed by thirty years exiierienee.
It is a real phenomenon of human nature, that the
English, who are distinguished among other nations fiir
.wlid reason, should be the inost mibjei!! to the loss of it.
.Madness, that terrible iiiiilaily whieli (hsiroys the most
important of nil luallh — that of the iiilnd, nllocks olinost
every ela.ss ill I'liiglnnd. The Inst kiiio,(ieiir;;c the Third,
hist, from time to time, the use of rensnii ; t'astli rcagb,
one of his ministers, kilbd himself in a fit of I'reii7,y ; the
I'bxpient lioniilly, through the snme niabiily, destroye d
his own litis Cowper, one of the sweetest pin Is in I'hig-
land, — I'ollins, one of the best lyrists, — and (Swill, a very
witty writer both in jirose and verse, were subject to at-
tacks of melnneholy, a eonventioiiiil tcnn to veil tlie Ik r-
mr that the name of lu.idness inspires. Most of the
suicides comniitfed in the foggy inoutli of iNovciiilier,
and even in oilier months, ore nceasioiKd by strong fits
of gbioiii. It is hard to say what is the average number
of persons thus atllleted in l'"nglaiid, because the govern-
ineiit d(K's not mniiifain a central office of statistics, as in
Kraiiee; but, t'rom what I have under my own v\i\ I am
aide to say that there are, in the city in which I write,
two hundred and fifty iiisani! persmis, in two diirerent
hospitals, ciilleete (I t'rom a population of 41111,111111 souls.
The numlier will ap]K'nr very great, especially when it is
considered, that, besides these hospitals, there are many
private niad-houses, the nuiiilHr of patients in which I
cannot state.
'i'he Englishman, so steeled ngainst every sort of dan-
ger, cannot sustain the weight of misliirtiiiie, or some-
times even that of weariness; one of them klMed himself
because he could not endure the Imrr of dres.sing and un-
dressing every d.iy. An Englishman can remain two
years on Iioa.'d a vessel on a cruise, without being tired,
iMcausehe is taken up with the delight of coiisiilliiig the
winds and waves, and with the enemies of his country.
In a storm, no man is more fearless, patient, and endur-
ing — he is more than a man. Ihit when the stoical
courage of sutl'ering is reipiired, without the stimulus of
danger or exertion, he is less than other men. However
inueli the Itible may 1m! read in England, the example of
.lob has made few converts there. 'I'liiis love, whicli w<!
look upon as a sort of game at blind-iiian's-biifV, so<ni
turns tlie brain of an Eiiglishmnn ; unaeeustoiiied to any
of the passions, his heart (!asily surrenders at the assault
of one of them, as those who live too long in pence do not
know how to go to war; or, as he who is not used to wine,
becomes intoxicated with but a little. It is, perliap.s, be-
cause alienation of mind is so t'requent a malady in their
country that the English wrilers paint it so excellently.
The feigned insanity of Hniiiht and the Iriie nmdness of
King Lear, are perhaps tw.oofthe finest and most inimi-
table pictures in Shakspeare. Almost every poet has the
description of a lunatic : Cr.abbe has his Thomas d'rey ;
Cowper his waiif'-ring girl of the mouiitiiin, who, be-
trayed by a sailor, and In'reft of reason, passes the time
filling her sleeve with pins, 'i'he mndness of the fhther
of .\gnes, in I'ner's opera, is taken from a iiovi 1 of Mrs.
f )pie, of Norwich. Who, t(K), does not recollect the poor
Maria descrilied by Sterne, mad for hive, with her little
(log always by her siih, the only Inking in the world who
had remained faithful to her?
(Ircaf, therefore, is the number of nsyUims erected in
all parts of England for the reception of these unfor-
tunates; some of them are aiisweralde to the opulence of
the nation, as the New liefhlem of London, a vast and
magniti(!ent edifice. Ifiit the most inagiiifieent in appear-
and! are not always the best managed establislunents,
still less those which contain large immbers of patients;
this is heeoine n general prineiiile in charitable insfitii-
lions of every sort — inagnificeiice brings on cxpensivc-
iiess ; great numlH'rs, negligence.
Let not the traveller, then, expect to sec in the Retreat
a palace with Corinthian columns, siqierb p( ristyle, and
oilier suix'riluous ornaments, 'i'he li( treat has in its
look the modesty of beneliience; it lesenibles the country
house of some private individual not fiu.d of luxury or
pomp; it has all the simplicity of its fiiunder.s, the
quakers. To tell the truth, its form is s(unewhat irregii-
lar; the interior couiparfiiienis might be belter arranged,
the staircases more simple, the passag(\s better ventilated
and more cheerful ; its architecture nl least will not serve
for a model. It was designed at first as a receptacle fiir
only thirty quakers, and having been afterwards enlarged,
to meet the increased demand, the iiddillnns spoiled its
symiiietry, and produced defix'fs which did not exist in
the origiiml design. At present the number of patients
nmouiits to eighty, 'i'he hospitals afterwards erected
elsewhere, have been hiiilf in a better and more orna-
mental style, without being too Invurious.
The situation of tlie Uetreat, however, compensates
fiilly I'or the iiic<inver.ietie(> of its plan. It is seated on an
eminence, about half a iiiih' fidiii the city, and at much
the same distance from the river (Mise. In front, an ngree-
ablc prosjieet oik'Iis, of a fertile plain, scnttereil here niid
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154
the: ITALIAN KXILE IN ENGLAND.
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there witli cluiii|i9 of trec!); — and, towiirUn the iiDrtliunst,
a chain of liills at tliu distaijuu uf twciity-Kvc iiiiK's, closrs
till! horizon. Every thin;; in tho house hrealhes tlie same
sinipUcity, coriii.ihty, order, and (juietness, wliich r(:i;;ii
in private families. When I was there, tlie superiijteiid-
cnt liimself liaij the kindnes.j to nceoni]mny nie through-
out, and to satisfy all my emiuirioa.
Conunoncing from tl e door, I cmihl perceive Hothinfj
to awaken the idea of a prison : no window bars, no iron
(fates, no fjuards. On the contrary, I liiund that every
idea even of seclusion is removed. At tliu entrance 1 met
Rome limiule 8ervant.<, buxom imd Ray, with the most
Horid liealth imprinted on their cheeks. I was intro-
duced into a reception room, on tlic; ground lloor, as clean
and well furnished as that of an Knglisli gentleman. J
visited the whole of the! hus]iltal, from top to liottoni, cast,
ing a curious oye through all the chandlers, and 1 saw
neither chains, nor iron l)nrs ; — I heard no cries, no howl-
ing, no lanuntations, — all was in the utmost neatness,
no had smell, and every where the most |)crfect vcMitila-
tion. Out of ahmit eighty |)atients, male and female,
there was not one in a slate of coercion. I.ct the reader
be assured, that in this 1 do not use false colours or e.v-
aggerations : in this matter, truth is a duty more than
ever sacred!
In the day, each sex lias two court yards to walk in,
and two rooms to meet in, with a fire, surrounded by a
guard, shut at top like a cage, to prevent any accident,
but the windows are not ]|.rated. In the sitting room of
till' i)uiet mad people, they arc three feet and a half wide,
and six feet high, with the panes fixed in sashes of
painted iron, instead of li^ad; the only precaution taken,
mid a most judicious one. In the room set apart fur
Ihc raving, who never e.vceed seven or eight out of
eighty, the glass windows are doubled, and four feet and
a quarter t'roin tho ground, to take away from the patients
too rea<ly an opportunity of breaking them, or injuring
themselves. These windows arc so contrived, that while
they admit air and alfiird security, they boar the np-
jiearance of common windows, — an iiinoeeut and salutary
deception, since it conduces to quiet the imagination.
The danger incurred in similar hospitals from the furious
efforts of these unliap]iy beings, has boon exaggerated :
the error always committed, is the believing human na-
ture to bo worse (ban it is: hence sharp and violent
measures have lieen resorted to, which only tend to irritate
it, and make it bi come really bad. In Kngland, the
op|>osite system, that of mildness, is practised, not only
with children, not only with kings and niadiuen, but
even with anim:ds, and es|K'cially horses. The good
results leave no longer any doubt which of these methods
is preferable. In respi'ct to madmen, it is now confirmed
by experii iHo, that not only are severe and coercive
methods p. riiieious, but that it is necessary to withdraw
from the senses and the imagination even the idea of
rigour, much more that of chains and imprisonment.
'I'lie average number of inadinen restrained with cords
or strait waistcoats rarely exceeds two. In cases of
raving madness, the p.atient is merely shut up in a dark
and (piii t room, that he may Im; dojirived of the excite-
ments of light and .sound, besides that of external objects,
which are apt to licat the fancy. Solitary confinement
in darkness is an ellicacious remedy, already tried with
good success in the prisons of I'hiladclphia (which were
also established by a quaker, with a new code of regula-
tions,) to Bol\eii the sjiirit of incorrigible criminals. This
isolation disposes the maniac to sleep, and, if he shows
no di9|K)sition to suicide, the strait waistcoat is not )iut
on, and he can walk about and extend himself at wi"
ujioii his bed. Those amongst tliem who arc disjiosed
to suicide, are in the day time restrained by a strait
waistcoat, and in the night tied down in their beds, but
HO that they can freely turn themselves. This lx.'d is so
ingenious, tliat I uni sorry it cannot be well described in
words.
When I entered the sitting rooms, Rome were playing,
Honic reading, some writing ; while others were collected
alxmt the guard Rurrounding the fire. In the women's
rooms, most of the inmates were at work, and a person
coming in, without being apprised iH.'forehand, would
believe liims<df at first among persons of sound mind, so
complete are the decorum and triuiquillity which the
matron knows how to preserve.
The patients who are w('II off have separate and more
elegant rooniR, and, iiiBtead of the court yard, a garden
to walk in. They had in their apartments both news-
p.ajiers and books; ono of them was coiitemiilating a
portrait, which ho had, ho told me, drawn at midnight ;
it was that of his Dulcini^a. Showing it to me, he
asked if I did not rocognise it, and I did not hesitate to
reply in the ullirinative. He was a well dressed young
man of gooil address,^-one of the many victims of love.
lie took my arm, and led nic to walk with him in the
garden, asked iiic: the news, and, afterwards, whenever
walking with his kee|H'r in the public road, was sure to
recognise iiie, and stopjicd to bid iiie good day. I saw
also in the distance a man who, ulthougli it vv'as the
iiiimth of Deeembcr, was digging the ground with all
his might with a pick a.\c. I asked the superintendent
who he was, ami he told me he was a liiriner, very
skilful in agriculture, who always recovered by laboiu"
the use of ri asoii, which deserted him almost |Miriodically
every two or three years. These two examples are
neither very extraoriiinary nor very interesting, but I
have adduced them to show most ilecidedly, that in the
iigimen pursued at the Jtetreat, there is nothing com-
plicated, metaphysical, or lraiis(endental : but lliat every
thing deiMiid-^ on making the patients believe that they
ire in a place of (piietiiess, and among t'rionds, just as if
they had gone into the country lor the benefit of their
icalth. •
Hesides the pleasure ground, there is a kitchen garden,
which supplies tlieiii with vegetables. The most re-
s|K'Ctable (and those who once were, Imt are so no longer)
dine with tbi^ supi riiilendeiil, and many of the woiocn
dine with the iiiatioii. 'I'liis eonfideiice contriliules
greatly to keep them in order, and conduct lliem b;ick
to deeormri. Thi' diet is simple and abundant, — the
sn|ieriiiteiident is also the a|>olliecary of the hospital.
He is a viry courteous qiiiUier, and, alter having satisfied
my curiosity on all points, otleied to lend me Mr. Tuke's
book, in wliieli that gentleman, — another qiiaker, — gives
a succinct history of the establishment up to tlie year
lf^l3. I leeoMuiieud the |ierusal of this most judicious
work to all medical nun, and dlri'efors of charitable iii-
stilulions ; it contains only about tliree hundred pages,
and costs no more than lour or live shillings.
CKNI^RAl, OliSHRVATlONS.
1st. Tiie great merit of this establishment is, the siiu-
plieily of the Ircatnunt. I never saw that of Aversa, in
the kingdom of Naples, but, tVom what I have read of it,
it apjiears to me that the wonderful cures etVeeted there,
arc rather to be attributed to the wisdom and sagacity
of tho director, than to the method, which is not very
easy of iiuitation; in fact, it hiis never yet been imitated,
that 1 know of. On the contrary, the system followed
11 the retreat at York, is so easy, is so completely tlie
nvention of jrood sense alone, that every intelligent man
is capable of following it. 'i'liis is the ineoniparab'e ad-
vantage of all the Knglisli institutions ; that nation does
not run after the dillicult or the extravagant, but the
useful. Hence, instead of the complicated system of
I'estalozzi, in popular education, it adopted that of schools
of mutual instruction J thus, in manufactures, it lets its
neighbours make the gorgeous gobelins, tho brilliant
bijuiilfiits, — articles of fiuicy, while it cultivates the
inanulactures that siip|)ly the world with elothiug. A
system, a inethod, an invention of any kind whatever,
when it is not adapted lor common use, and demands in
its execution more than an ordinary capacity (which is
the gill of Ix'w, very few,) may be a wonder of the world,
and the glory of an iiulividual, but will not iiRi-easi 'e
wealth or happiness of a nation. 'I.'lic system, liow'- i r
of the Ifetrcat, from its facility and siniiilicity, has o,. ,
ailopted without difliciilty by many similar establish,
iiients in Kngland : it has been the model after which
many other hospitals have corrected their numeror.'s and
ahnost uicredible abuses. The licispital that .cecdcd
best in its iniitations (and perhaps surpassed tin o.'iginal,)
is that railed the " Kunatic Asylum," • -h h in 1774
was built, also near the city of Yor., v a iiospilal for
the insane of a part of tlie county. Tho old building
liciug biu-nt, and a new ono aliout to be erected in ISM,
and it being desired at the same tiino to suppress all
the abuses of the old au Ministration, and the errors of
the old method, that of the quakers was taken as a pat-
tern, not less of economy, than the treatment of the
patients. This other hos|iital contains one hundred and
thirty madmen. The traveller will be surprised at tlie
view of this building, at the walks shaded by old and
branching trees wliich surround it, at tlie Iicautil'iil in-
ternal galleries, at tliu cheerful rooms; but lie sirouldnot
forget, that this establishment, such as it is, would not
have existed but for the pre-existciico of that of the
quakers. At one time, when darkness, chains, and pun-
ishments, were used as the meaiiH of cure, it seemed as
if inaduien (as tho physician Delarivo wittily observed)
had invented that metliod as a euro for tliidr fellow mad-
men. In this hospital for tho county of York, when the
conllagration liujipencd, two madmen were burnt to
I death, who could not make their eseajic in conscqiu m,.
of their being chained. What first luudc the qnakirj
in 1708 dcterniine on building a hospital for their oMn
insane, was the death of nn individual of their sect in iln.
county hospital, from ill treatment and neglect. If mili
ncRS lias been substituted for barbarity, a reasoiiiilj,
and economical system for a Btrnngc and cxpcnuiri- cj,,
let the traveller recollect that the merit is due to ijn.
Quakers' Iktreat, obscure in outward apjicarrnce, |,m
not yet surpassed in intrinsic excellence.*
ad. Owing to the economy with which the IJctrca
is managed, it is now able to sup|>ort itself. The nthcr
York hospital, on the same plan, has olso always ac an.
mial surplus, wliich enables it to enlarge its buildini,".,to
grant entirely gratuitous admissions to .several |««,
patients, and to remain independent of the casual lil«.
ralily of extraordinary legacies and donations.
Ill this most important point of view, the charit.ibic
ostablishnieiits on the continent are in general cxpi.-Kj
to two inconveniences, — the difliculty of finding a I'liit.
rous bcneliictor to furnish not only a sidfieicnt capital in
build the edifice, but to en<low it with an annual reviinK
for the support of the jiatients. And where such a dnm.
tion is made, it is generally in prejudice of the rclatiniii,
who are defrauded of their ex|>ected inheritance, so that,
in many states, the law has very jirovidently stepptil in
to ]iut an end to such largesses. These two income,
iiienecs disappear where nn i\ rangement has been ad(.|i|i j
by which an annual income creater than the expense i«
pi' (bleed. 'I'liis well-judge economy is still limitnl,
'■' n in Ki gland, to the hospitals for the insane". 'J'fie
hospitals for other mt ladies (to w'hi'li the admissions arc
all gratuitous) arc luaintaiiicd in great part by uniiml
subscriptior-. — I sn' in grcatpart, because some of tlim
lire in the i :ijOyineni of ancient lnMiuests. Hut even tjiia
se'con<i method of '<miual sub.scr''itions i ■ preferable to
that of a revcniK i.irived froi.i .jnations .md legatics.
Hesides the '.'leat good of pre', 'ing elisiiilieritnme.i, i|
has the advantage of a betl'-r i il red economy, beeimsc
all tliewe intere'sted (that i: .il tin annual 8llbbcrilIe^)
ke'cp a watch over it; ai i it has the e'er not less
valuable aelvair ..-", <i keeping the scnti i -it of e'nm.
passion alivi \n> -.^ivc. The annual si ! ';riljcrs are
easily foiinil i Engl 'id. As it is the custom there to
board and 1 . e the lootincn and maid servants in tlie
master's house, whcne;vcr one eif tlicin falls ill, the nu'.sler.
if be is a subscriber, shares the expense of taking rare
of him, by sciieliiig him to the hospital, which for neat,
ness, quiet, order, i^nel sometimes lor elegance, tnay \'k
with a gentleman's house.
3il. 'i'he government of England has no voice in tlw
administration of the institutions of public beneflci'me',
It never intcrti 's, except when the protection of (Hr-
sonal liberty is in questiim, as it has often occurred, ttial,
ill conscqiienco of complaints of tlic cruelties practJMil
ill private or jiublic maelhouscs, it has orelored siifeul
investigations, — by which the regulation was introdiieeJ,
lli.at no patient can be received into a inadhouHc, williui:!
a certificate from tlie meilical attendant, who is rcspcn.
sible for giving it. In short, in England, bcncvokiiiv a
t'ree, it is only malevolence that is enslaveel,
4tli. In this country every tiling is public, and good
■ "tioiis have a public recompense. For this reason, lii'
■ juations made to hospitals arc inscribed in letters uf
t;old on their walls. When you ento- the siwcious hcis.
pital for tho insane called New Iktlilem, you sec on a
greit black table (to make the lietter display), wrillin
ill largo gilt letters, the name of every benct'actor, and
the sum lie contributed. 1'lie same black tables orna.
niciit tho walls of the: beautiful hospital of Derby, wliith
I aelviso every traveller to visit, to sec how the most
usef'ul discoveries in physic and mechanics have liein
applied to tlic ceiinfort of the poorest classes. The' rus-
toni of taking the benefneteir's |)ortrait, observed nl Milan,
would be still more flattering to human vanity, aiiJ
would be worthy of approbation, if confined to those wlio
give in tlieir lifetime, and not extended to those' nlin,
from revi'uge) or sm>erstition, give oway at liicir ileatli
what tlieiy can uo longer carry with them.
.■ith. The averngo term for a cure in the Hetreat is m
months, when the disease is not organic (that is, herr-
ditary.) The expedition of the cure, and the niildiirsj
of the melliod, are |K'rliaps to be attributed to the sofViMil
character of madness in England. Education and tk
cliinote render it less violent than in hot cliinate!^, and
among those nations where the passions of iiii'ii n"
continually irtilnted. Thu dilVerenco is visible in liit
^ (-1
• It In iirnlirilily iiiniilicd li» ihut ninr FratikHirt, tlvo mlH
fmin rtillailflphin, tiniler tlie nmnniTi iiinit nt tlif pnnu' curi'iy.
wlilcli wiisninile'lle'il ,ns n tnidH lii'aiiin nt aimr lliai nt Yurk.— W
i|)C 111 coiii-c<ni(im.
luudc the 'piakirj
pilal for th';ir o«n
of their ncct in tin.
d ncjrloct. If mild.
irity, a reasonalilt
• nil cxpcnaivf (.i,,
crit IH <liic to i|„!
d npiwamici.', |,i,i
which the IJcIrr .1
itsilf. 'I'Uv 111),,,
niso nlwnys nv. ;,;,.
•gn itH biiildini;s,io
H losevcriil |»,i
i>f the casual ijU.
'>natinny.
rw, tho charil.ilil,.
ill Eoncnil cxpiiMcj
of liiidin)^ a jr( !,►.
sulficit'nt capital in
an annual rt'V(iii>(
vhi'te such a d<ina.
ice of the rclatinn,
iiheritaiicp, so tlni,
lidently steppicl i:i
ht.'se two iiii'ciiiu.
nt hasljccii acii,],ii,i
han the cxpcn^ i.
ly is still limiliil,
tho insane. 'I'l,
the admissions ar.
pat part by umm;|
cause some of liirn
sts. Hut even lliis
IS i' prcferahk' (.)
tions ."iiid UfiHii".
disliihpritan(i!<, n
economy, lui mii-c
nniiul siihs<'i'ili<r>
the f''>er not li...
scnti' I nt of cniii.
ml Si ' ■.■rihors an
le custom tlu re to
aid servants in il,i
falls ill, the iiuisltr.
nse nf takinsT fan
\1, \\ hich for iicai.
iK'gance, may lit
as no Toicp in (Ik
utilie heueficciiii.
I>roteeti()n of pir.
11 occurred, llijl,
ruelties prailiMii
as ordered spcii.l
on was introiiuci li,
madhouse, willim;!
u'ho is respti..
lid, beucvoleiin' is
veil.
public, an<i eorJ
nr this reason, lie
bed in letters uf
the siMcious liov
you see en i
display), writtin
y 111 iii'faetor, and
black tables orm-
of Derby, wliiili
oe how the iiiifrt
liniiics have Imii
lasses, 'I'lie rus-
observed at Milan,
man vanity, aiiJ
fined to those ivlio
led to those wlin,
ay at tiieir dcatli
lu.
the Hctrcat is m
nic (that ic, hen.
mid Ihi' niililni'ss
d to the solkiKil
hicalioii and Hi''
hot climate!', ami
ions of men nrp
is visible in ll*
MR.MOIRS OF IIOUTENSK nEAlTIIAUNAIS.
1
I
i.niiknifl, flvo mil"
f thi^ fnini' unruly.
thai nl Viirk.-W
Ii.iri>xy.'5nis of anger, and almvo all in intoxication. 'J'lie
ilriinken Knplishmaii jrrows sleepy and falls as if dead in
the middle of the street, without aiinoyin); any body:
the native of the south, intliienccd with wine, insults,
iiu'iMces, fiphts, licnoincH worse than a Uodoiiioiit, and
hv himself alone wakens up a whole street. It must
tliiii lie exiiccted, that this same method, adopted in hot
cmnitries, will not have so ready and lia[)py a success
as in Kneland. Hut it will not for all tli.it, lie any the
|,ss the most excellent of all the methods liitlierlo in use.
All remedies, accordin;; to cliinates ortemperameiils, have
more or loss of ellicacy; but tliey do not alter their
nature.
fith. The remark made by Iiockc, amonjr many others,
on ohildren, that mildness rules them betlcr than rijrour,
has contributed to suRaest, by analoKy, the method to
lie pursued by those, who, haviiifr lost the jjuidance of
reason, have lyrived at a second childhood. (Jannot,
then, this same method be applied, by analogy afjain, to
inliims, to scclu, to tactions, when they are overcome by
the streiifjth of the passion.s, and fall into delirium I If,
instead of tortures, of fimeral piles, of confiscations, and
(if sealFolds, — mildness, humanity and reason, were cm-
[il.iyed to assuaffc the passions of the multitude, how
miieli less had Ixen the number of martyrs of religions
iiil.ileranee, of political ns.sassinat.iiiiis, of the crimes and
liorriirs, that have disgraced and imhrue<l in blood the
huinan racu!
BSD or THK 1T.\I.IA.N' EXILE.
EDITOll'S NOTICE.
The ftillowing works w ill njipear in the Circulating
Library as early us convenience will admit
" yiirrntire of a Jiiurney from Calcultu to Europe,
1,1/ inn/ nf Kfii/pl, in the years 18:17-8. By Mri. Vhartfs
/,H.t/(iiH.'/o"."' — A London periodical, on whose opinion
we place more reliance than on most, gives the tollowing
notice of Mrs. L.'s short but valuable hook. " The
unatieetetl grace, intelligence, and literary neatness, by
which this little volume is characterised, must recom-
mend it to the most favourable regards of the public.
iii(le|n'ndenlly of its being written by a lady, the JirsI
who has performed the overland journey from India to
Kiisrland. Here is n lady braving the stnriiis and pirates
of llic Hed Sea, the latigues of Egyptian deserts, the
iilarins of wild Arab and des|)otic Turk, investigating, on
tlic hanks of Nilus, the tombs and ruins of the ancient
world, and ascending the pyramids, ami at the end of
her interesting travel giving an account of what she has
seiii and done in a style and manner which would do
honour to the best iiifornied of the other sex."
" W'ucousia, or the Prophecy: a tale of the Canndan hif
llie (iiilkor of Eciirli." — It is sufficient to say here in the
language of an excellent critic, " A rival of Cooper lias
aiijunred, and in his own walk."
" Joiirtvil of 11 yiiMeinan ; eomprisins n Ntirrnliie of his
rrsiilenre III I'lVnnir Juririi: the Vongirss,^' — This work
we are inclined to In lieve is from the pen of the author
(if l!f Memoirs of the Dutchess of St. Leu, although tlir
same incognito is preserved. The Loudon New Mon' .y
.Magazine says of it : — "Tho work is extremely i uier-
l.iming, and will lie certain of obtaining the attention
of a large class of rc.idiT'^. It contains the narrative of
the noble writer's resiilencij at Vienna, at tho stirring
and brilHaut poriml of tho (^onLfess, ' where,' to u.se his
own words, 'a kingdom was iKirrandiscd or disincn
In-red .at a ball, an indeiniiity griiiited at a dinner, a
restitution pro|M)sed during a hunt, and a bun-mot some-
limes cemented a treaty.' The author proiKiscs to sup-
ply the defect of the work of tho Abbe de rradt, which
is chiefly (lolitical in its nature, and wants the piiinancy
it might have had, if tlio private life of tho illustrious
actors in Oio great diplomatic drama had been exhibited
to view. We must say he has succeeded in his design.
Disengaged from political cares and negotiations, he
seems to have been as active at the dinners and festivities
of the Congress, as tho ablest minister could have lieen
at tho settlements of boundaries and framing of con-
stitutions. We have the fruits of his activity lirlore iis
i:, a n ■ .ibcr of striking anecdotes, of cin(K'r i iri,
priiicj, princesses, and a long train of dijil
soiii.ges of the first distinction. The splendi ■ lii •,
ami sumptuous entertainments, and gay husllu nf the
iity, are given with a vivacity of colouring, which cvinei's
iiitieh power of tho writer in tho descriptivo style. It is
•■^rtainly a work that is well culculatuu to altrftct atten-
non."
MEMOIRS
OF
DUTCHESS OF SAINT-I.F.f , EX-aUEE.V OK IIOLJ.A,NU.
Transluled from the French ezpresilyfor this work.
Preface to thefrst edition in EngUsh.
It was elegantly remarked by the Prince dc Ligne,
that " Mademiiiselle Deauhariiais wields a sceptre which
never breaks in her hands. She remains a ipicen by the
grace of her own talents, alUr having ceased to be one
' by the grace of (iod ;' " but if the biography of Ilorlense
Heaiiharnais had (lossessed no claims of more iiimiediate
value, the deep interest attached to all who were connected
with Na|K)leon would of itself he a sufficient apology for
the appearance of the present memoirs. It is umieccB-
sary for us to write a |>anegyric on the character of the
Dutchess of St. Leu; her encomium will be best exhibited
ill the history of her life ; she was eX|>osed to the world's
gaze, by the surpassing brilliancy of her fatlicr-in-law's
actions, but the retlccted glar> only served to display her
amiable virtues. These, ami the fame she has ac(piircd,
are intrinsically her own ; she owes nothing to Na|)olcon,
heyond that tortune which converted the delight of pri-
vate life into the ornament of a throne. ,
From internal evidence we are led to conclude that
the author of the jirestnt work is the Count de lii tjarde,
whose visit to the Dutchess of St. Leu is described in the
nineteenth chapter. Hcfore that intniduetion, he had
composed a number of metrical ballads of the kind styled
in Ercnch, Romances, several of which had previously
attracted the attention of llortense, and were set to imi.-i(
by herself. One or two highly flattering letters addressed
by her to the count are inserted either in the body of the
work or in the notes ; we may sately pronounce him at
least a correspondent of the 'iiiitelu>s, enjoying in some
degree her confidence, and it may be that the present
work possesses still higher claims to the reader's interest
and to complelo authenticity, from tho subject of it
having supplied part of the materials herself.
The spirit of M. de la Garde's poetry is transferred to
his memoirs of an accomplished and unfortunale queen.
It exhibits itself in romantic sentiments and flights of
fancy, which, however appropriate in their native tongue,
may aiijiear unduly elevated in their English dress. The
translator must therefore disclaim all necouiitability for
occasional loftiness of stylo, which it was impossible to
soften, without destroying the character of the work.
The expensive Euro|iean edition, contains the engrav-
ings, ballads, and music (roniaiiees), c<'mposed hy llor-
tense, with a likeness of her, as seated at the harp ; we
regret that for obvious reasons we are compelled to omit
these evidences of her talents. A niimbcT of illustrative
rotes have been added to this edition in tin course of
I nslalion, consisting chiefly of such extracts from the
\arioU9 eotemporary memoirs as apiicared necessary for
explanation, or interesting as additional details. We
may safely antic ipate that tho present work will tic con-
sidered a vaUiablu additi' i to the stock of autheiilie
French biography with which tho Auiericuu public are
already supplied.
AUTHOR'S PREFACE.
The French Revolution is thf most wnnderftil, and
(Veil now, the most hiHuential tient of modern days.
Uigim by popular masses, it was extended and at length
termiiiiili'il liy ono who centred in himself all its genius
and giant-like energy. This was Napoleon, whoso re-
nown rises (iir above all eotemixirary glory, and whose
name will he, hereiifter, the proudest in all history.
The interest felt by every one in a great man, extends
itself to all his intiinafi' connections, and more especially
to his family, 'I'hat ol' Napoleon has In en a feifile sub-
ject for those private iiiemoirs, which will one day figuio
in history as its important materials. Some of them have
added personal repiif.ifiim to the eelebrily oflhi'ir house;
whlie others, devoted by their sex or character to more
traii(|nil pursuits, have become tiimous for mental endow.
Hunts and for a high degree of sensibility and greatness
of soul. The fiirmer have commanded iiiiliomi<li'd admi-
ration, hut the memory of till' Intlir has its louiidntion in
universal aU'eetion. Such were ,lose]iliiiie and the (|Ueen
of Holland. The emiiress has already been the theme of
miiny writ! rs : the iiicinoirs of her daughter, which wo
now submit to the pulilic, will show that she was c'piully
worthy of love and esteem.
Wlieiiee arises the secret salisfaclion we all derive
from the narrative of sudden elevalioii and imforesc-en
reverses? Can it be selfishness, wliiili, by mipereeivcd
links in the Imman mind, gratifies us by exhibiting the
chance of hiimiliaticm as a couiitcriioise for tlii' accidental
splendour of a crown ? l,et us rather believe that every
feeling and dispassionate man delights in the \\mi of
happiness, commiserates the unfortunate, and, alike a
stranger to envy and imfeeling joy, unites the pleasures
of the mind and of the heart to the advantages of worldly
pros]ierity.
liiographies of females arc always attractive. Wo
hojie to trace the workings of their hearts, '.vliieh so
many fancy they can read, and which so few rightly aji-
preeii.te. To treat woman as all goodness, is not to
know her well; fo believe her all evil, is not to knc/w her
at all. Even females are not always fiirtmiate in self
judgment; for it is a part of human iiatrK.evcr to re-
main in ignorance of self in spite of tiiv ir.ost constant
.study.
But if the memoirs of every woman excite eager at-
tention, how miieh more interest shouli' we' feel in tho
history of one, who, seated upon a throne not hers by
birthright, provi d herself worthy of elevation by that
winning allability which rendc rs power pardonable with-
out encouraging .lisresm et. When, however, the saiiio
jirinecss, af>er being raised to splendour, is again precipi-
tated into obscurity, from a mere olijeet of popular won-
der, she iK'Comes a lit theme for the niedilalioiis of the
philo.sopher ; he conleniplntes her struggling with adver-
sity, and can esliinate her dignity on the throne, from
her constancy in misfortune.
When a princess is t'ifted with all those tliining rpiali-
(ies, which, in adorning merit, emhellish the fairest gif^s
of nature, a descrnt lioiii sovereignty only narrows her
jHiwcrs of nsefuhiess. Ifemoved from the intoxicating
incense of courts, she has still the balm of memory, the
pleasures of reflection and the delight of conferring liap-
piiies.s — a delight not less lively because its sphere is
more confined. A woman like llortense reigns without
royalty ; she wears her splendour as the ruby its purple.
The empire that remains may will compensate a dia-
<lem's loss, for it is the power a woman most covets —
Initer known, better tovtd.
CHAPTER I.
llortense Fanny de Ileauharnais was horn at Paris on
the 10th of April, Kf-It, at a period when Inr French no-
bility was still resplendent with that pruipi rity wliich
was the reward of service done to the stale, in arms or
magistracy. Paris had not yet learned to gaze enviously
upon this elevated class, then as pre-e wneiit hy the ele-
gance of its launers, as by llii enjoyment of privileges
lo which if allached little inipirlancp. E i ry young
girl of funnlv eon'd then, not ;r'ibaps aspire openly to
the throne, b;jt at least flatter herself vvi.'h the belief of
rising to it without ditHciilty. Madame il Maintenoii
had show n that royal iilood was not essenu-! to the easy
e.xerei^v- of royal powi i.
'I'he history of childhood is rather the if' Ty of the fa-
inily than of the infant, Hortensc gave promise of wit,
grace and niiiiability, but the fond antieipaMons of ma-
li'riial partiality wi r' not renlised until aft. i a series of
ilislrcssiiig cnlaiuifies, of which some account may not
bo inappropriate.
Her tiillier, the Vicomte de neauharnnis, was a younger
son of a noble and weiilthy fiimily of Martiiiipie. He en-
tered the army at nil early age, an I obtained distinctiim
in several atlairs as a major in the forces under Rochani-
beau, then fighfliig flir the cause of Aiverienn freedom.
l'|K)n his ri liirii lo I'Vanee, without disgracing the creed
of liberty by any iinwor;hy nelioii, he adhered to the
principles he had ditendul, which (nrhaps had been pre.
maturely developed !-v jiis American associations. He
espmised with enthusiasm tlio doctrines of the revolution,
51^
. ; it
■■ ' '1
' I
:4
,'N
')<
■ :l
• 1'
i.'.r
r.i
:^
'■'■;..■;■ I
'■'f'Sr-
. ''l I
^m
■ 4
m
'■■J
^4
I i
ir)fi
niRMOIItS OF IIORTENSE IIEAIHIARNAIS.
;>J,f
V...
r,
1. 1'
aiul ht'ciuiir a /ciilniis iuhncittc of the ri'turin ut' ubiisos,
an<l (it* a well rr;x'i'iitc(i lilnTty.
liatlicr a iiliiluplicr than a iiiiirlirr, Iliaiiliariiais liailrd
witli jiiy llu^ (lawn ot' lliat liln'ity in I'lamr, wliiili lie
hail smi rnspli'iiili'iit in AiiicriiM. In llf*:!, he wax ilc-
]mtiil Ic) the sl^.lis jfoiieral by llic nolihsKC nl' Itlnis, anil
UiiM ono of the tiist iil' his iiriUr wlii) voltil willi till'
thiril I'slatr, In tlir ini'miaalih' niiitnrnal sillin); ot'tlit' Ith
iir.\nuiisl,hr niiivrti and rairiril llii' alKilitiim i)l |>rivilr<jrs,
ri|iial |M'nattirs lor all riassrs of i-ili/i-ns, anil univrrsal
I'li^iliilily tnoiriri'. Altrr ltavin<r Ih'imi sri-rrtary oi thi' vmi-
Ftiliirnt asstinltlVi hi' was a|>i>iiinti'il on thr ilitlrrrnt mili-
tary coinniilli't's, lioni whiili ho niailo srvrial rrinark 'lilr
ri'|u>rls, on llio oi'i;anisalion ol' tho National (■nai'il; Ihi
ni.iiiili'ii.ini't' ol (lisri|iliiir in Ihi' army, anil thr nirans of
lirolci'lin!:' till' rountry iVoni military iisin'|>aliiin. ( )ni
iit'his nnistronslanl anil ai tivt' ii|i|>oni'nts was his hrothir,
till' .Mari|iiis ilr l)raiiliarn:iis, wliii was also a nninbrr ol'
till- assi nilily, lull ImIohkiiI to the Cell ihiiil.
It is rrlali'il liy iMi'rrirr, in his rirlnri' of Paris, that
till' viriimtr took a pKiniiiii'iit part in the |irr|iarulioiis lor
thr lislival of llic liilrration, rrluhratril in tin' ( 'hanip cle
ftlars, oil thr Mill of .Inly, ITIMI. lie li^Mireil in Ihe pro-
ressioii, liariussiil lo thr same ear with the Ahln'Siuyes.
Sineerely ilevoleil lo the tnie interests of his country,
lie warneil the nohles that the time hail eome. when they
must ileelare themselves; that us yet, nothing was done
for the iK'ople, who had many just eaiises of eoinplaint,
and that priiilenee alone could now avert hhmdshed and
save lionis XVI.
lliaiiliarnais was presiili nt of the national assemlily at
the time of the kiiiy's lliirht, on the 'Jlst June, 17111. He
(lis|ilayeil the true liriiiness of aiitii|uity ill aiiiiiiiineiii);
to the deputies this disastrous inlellinenee. "tieiitlc-
nii'ii," said he, on taking the iliiiir, "the kin;; set out
last night: let ns pro 'led lo the order of the day." His
dignity and' presenee of mind extorted adiniration even
from his enemies, and proeured his re-eleetion to the
presideney on the ensiling Hist of .luly. At the iIom' of
the session, he joined the army of the north, with the
rank of adjiitani general. Mis hehaviour at tiie rout of
Mons, April «';ilh, I T!l-', w as highly eoinmended liy Hiroii,
then general in ehiel'; and in the lieginning of August,
the eommand of the eanip at Soissons was enlnisted to
liim hy (General Ciisliiie. Atler the niemorahle lllili of
August, the army eoiniiiissioners of the legislative «s-
semlilv distiiiguislied him as one of the generals who still
rouliiiued in the sei'v lee — raithfnl lo their honour and
their eNiinlrv. 'I'wo montlis allerwards he iidilressi il a
proelaniatioii lo the army of the Khnu, and in Deeem-
l>er liis eondiii't was ag.iin made the theme of pruiHu liy
t'usline, and Saihe the iiiinisi"r of war.
On the -':ith iif Alay, l"'.l.'l, he was proelaiiiK d eom-
mander in eliiif of the army of the liliine, and shortly
allerwards he deelined the ministry of war. 'I'he nohles
were at this |h riod wholly exelnileil fiom military eiu-
plovmenl, and ileauharnais, with a felling of hononrahle
pride, plaeeil his resignation in lin' hands ofllie deputies
of the eonveiiliim. 'I'his Ihey at lirsl refused, hut it was
linally aeeepled on the 'Jlsl! of .\iigust, w itii the usual
order to retire lo the disl.inee of Iweiilv leagues iVoui ihe
ea|iilal. Leaving (■'eiieral l.andremonl in eonimand of
the army, he tis.k up his residenee , t the estate of lleaii-
liariiais.ni'ar La Kerle Imhaiit, (Loir el Cher,) Hliieli
hail Ihi'Ii (reeti'd into a maripiisale for his I'.itln r. He
li.iil pre\ioiHlv lieen the snlijei I of several ileniineialions,
witieh were answered in his " Dliservations on the I'ro-
seriplioii of the Nohles," and had now seareely reaehed
his new iiIhhIi' heliire liesli aeeiisalions assailed him, to
whii'h he rephrd with the dignity of eonseions imioeiiiee.
,\ll was in vain; he was arri sled and imprisoned in Paris.
'I'lie eimrl,iiii if ini|Mlleil hy an irresi-ilihle fatality, had
iilVorileil to ri puhliean insurri I'lion the prili .\t of warlike
invaKiiin and liin igii allia The Mniipiisde lleauhar.
nais, hrotlier ol'ihe vieoiiite, wa'< one of I hose impriiilent
Milhen Ills of monnrehy. who, hy their hiinil diivotion to
their party, niiiinly eonlrihiiteil to llie overllow of a l.ir.
rent whieli no harrier ennlil wilhstand. Wherever a
government is evposeil to sudden ehaiige, and Ihe in-
ten stsof rel.iliiiiiHliip are mingled with political piiHsioiis,
it eomiuonlv liapjM ns that meiuhers of the same family
(<H|Miuse op)Hisile parlies, 'I'lius in Heollaiiil, during the
List II ntiiry. nothing was mole I'reipienl than lo si lie
liohlenniii n yealoiis .laeohite, while his son or hrntlier re-
inaint'il a failhlnl ailliereiil of the house of ItrnusM iek.
Ill every event of tin eoutesl, the lailllly |MW»essloll« (ere
m'l'ureil ; for natnnil tilling alVordi d an lAeellenl pntevt
lor Ihe proleelioi) or pardon of the ileliatid. lint the
jiolitii'al op|Nisitionof the two lleaiilnirnais was Ilie result
of no w'Hiiili raleiil.ilion l''i.ii'li mis lirinly ('oiivineed of
the reelilildc uf Ilia (irineiples, innl enili iiiiili rwi iil llie
severest punishment of eonsisteiiey — the ingraliluile iil
his pally. 'I'lio vieomle, alter having shone with dis-
liiielion in the eoiistilnenl assemlily, and eoiumaialed
wilh hoiuair thi' armies of the repniilie, perished on the
sealliild on Ihe :.';iil of .inly, in the thirty-liiiirlh year ol
his age; heipieathing tu his ehildreii a rieh lurlt.ige ol
glory, worthy of Ihe proud motto of their house — " >Si-;uvk
Ml narniai." In K"-!."! it was only hy the lieroie devn.
tiiin of .Madame l.av.dUlte, that her hiishand, the son-iii'
law oftlie maripiis, was resened from a similar fate.
'I'hi' X'ieoinle lie Iti-auhariiais married in Martiniipii
.losi'phine liose Ta.'-elier lie la I'a^erie ; a i-reole l..dy of
ihsliiiguisheil hirth. l*i'e\ ions to her ni.irriage, her alti ii
tioii was one day atlraeted hy a group of slaves, eolleeled
around an old negro syliil, who was telling their lialnne:
.losephine stuppi il ; and the laig no soniiir peri'eiveil he
new auditor, than, nlleriiig a loiiil shriek, she seized her
hand in the utmost agitation. " \'ou iiiiist i-ertainly dis-
I'liver something very striking in my appearanee," said
Josephine : " \\'ell — shall my liirliine he good or evil
" llelli 1" " 1 must eonless, my good woman, thai your
predietiiin'; are quite vague eiaaigli lo run no ri:-k of eon
tradietion." 'I'lie old woman raised her eyes wilh a sin
gnlar expri'ssioii. "t.'i>me, eome," pursued Josi'phine,
whose curiosity now hegaii to he exeited, " let me know
what is to he read in !lie story ol'liie future!" " In the
future — all! you will not helieve me if I tell." "Oli, yes!
I promise yoii full . redenee, my good mother; tell ini'
what 1 have to hope or liar." " If you insist on il — lis-
ten! You will soon marry — yournnion will he iinhajipy —
you will he lell a widow. 'I'lien yon will iHioine ipieen
of l''ranee; you will have uiighly armies at your liel ; hut
you will die in a levolulion." On llnishing this extraor-
dinary predielion the old woman retreated with as iiiueli
aetivily as lier age permitted.
■ Josephine prohihiled her slaves from rallyiiijf the syliil
on her " riilieiilous proplieey," She made use ol" the ap-
parent alisiiidily of the promise to prove to the yo'.ing
negresses her skiider helief in its I'lillilment, ami it was
treated nii n ly a:< a snhpet liir tiiinily merriiiienl. In
lliel, there was little reason to imagini that ii young
West Indian girl eoiild hy any revolution Ik' seated on
the tirst llnoiie ill the world. Life and death in her na-
tive island, seemed Ihe unehangeahle destiny of .Made-
moiselle 'I'aseher. She heeanie the wife of the X'ieomie
lie 111 .niharnais, and in Hr^ll, gave hirth to a son aller-
terwaiils Prime Miigi lie, vieeroy of Italy. He was three
years older than his sister llorteiise.
The I'aiise of Aineriean emaneipalioli was too (Hipular
in l''raiiee, not to ensure an entliusiastie reeepliuii to the
riliiriiiiig ollleers who had aided il with their eoiirage.
To this reeommeiiil.ilioii, lleanliarnais added a prepos-
sessing exti'rior, 'igrei-ahle ai'eomplislnneiits, and polished
manners. The soeii ly of one so eiuinenlly ipialilieil to
shine was every where eourtid; and with the natural
rieilily of youth, he gave himself up unreservedly to the
sednelioiis of the great world. Josephine, thus deserted
hy the mall of her ehoiee, resol\eil to seek tainsolalion in
Ihe plai e of her hirth, and eonimiseralion in the syiu|iulliy
of her family. She sailed liir .Martinii|ue in 17f7.
Diigelie remained with his father: his sister, then only
three years old, aeeompanied her inothir aeross the seas.
The Vessel in vvliieh Mad. line lleanliarnais had einhark-
I il, I nenunleri d a violi iil storiu, and llorlense thus eiiiii-
n:, need a se\eie apprentiei ship to Ihe daiu;ers and iiiis-
lorlinies wliieh alli rwanls so marly halaneed the glorv
of her hi'illiant earei r. In the eonvnlHion of the elements,
she niiglit then Iuim' seen a lit emhiein of thai lenipest of
human passion of which licr I'ulurti destiny liiul marked
ill T fur the sporU
CHAPrKU II.
It is Isnealli Ihe liurning sky of llie Alililli'H lliiit the
inltiieiiie of Ihe verliial sun is most strikingly felt, rcn.
ilering the im.iginalion more ardent, nil eouimuniealjng
to the frame the eaplivaling languor so eliaraeleristie i
the Creoles, llorlense ex|Hriiiieeil its full ell'eels. Her
Infaliey resemlikd that ofllie interesting \ irgiiiia, sii
well ildcrihi il hy Si. Pierre in the episode to the Dtiides
lie la Nature, a work which, for perii ctiiin of dcliiil and
vplemlonr ol colouring, siciiih to defy imitilion. Hor-
Iriisc, compassionate and letider hiarled an Virginia
111 Tsi If, was deeply shucked hy the iniHcries of slavery,
which, ill III r elnldisli i liurity, she slmve to iillevialc.
Like her also, the coiistalil oh|eet ol'malernal solicitude,
she imhiheil iVom the cans, the endearments and the e\.
ample of Jiwephme, the witching grace and eaplivaling
seiisiliilily, which iilV rwanls won every heart and rivii-
tell nnwavcriiig nirnliou. Thus she, who was one ilay
lo rule over suhjeets. Was Uml the inislrcss iirnluveHi bill
llorlense was ever hmnaiie and compassionate, tlioi)ir|i
acenslomeil Irom her infancy lo dominion. It is onlv
when Ihe hand of woman tempers the rigour of power
when her voice solli ns the evils of misgoverinneiit, llmi
the unliirtnnale lorgel the hinthcn of their chains, ami
eontenti d w ith the illu.^ion of liherly, sigh no lonjfer lor
its lost realily.
'I he elliets of Ihe I'rencli rcviilntion in the colonics
were proportioned lo the violent passions of the inlialiii.
ants ol'.'-iillry regions, and llie deep hatred exeited in the
minils of the slaves hy the tyranny of their maslers.
The I rememlous explosion of St. Domingo reverherali i|
llirongh Ihe Aniilles. 'J'he existeni'c of llorlense and her
mother was freipieiilly menaced hy eonllagralion and the
sword; lor the hiaeks perseciiteil an entire race, and not
iniliviihials. Ilinminily, iiiildness, and lieiievolencc were
already assoi iaied with the name ol'.lii.sephine, inspiring
every where all'eelion and respect. 'I'he simple anmnr.
I iation, " 1 am .Madame de Heauharnais — this is my
daiighler," was suHicieiit to disarm the viideiice of the
assassins, and she was I'ortunately enahled to reach a sea
port and einhark liir Kranee. lOvils of still greater niiigui-
tiide awaited her return, and made a deep iiiipression on
the mind of llorlense. She soon learned that there is
lull a single step from power to servilnile, from happi-
ness to misliirtune. This first les.son of adversity was
not given in vain; and, iiolwithstanding its severity, it
\yas iieilher the hust nor tlio least piiinl'ul she was "des-
tined to eiiihire.
'I'he ardent attaeliment ofthe vieoinlc to the prineipks
of the revolution had never iiiided (or an inslanl, liiit a
new and more delermiind faction had ovcrlhrown all its
rivals, and was now in full possession of power. Ileau-
hariiais was imprisoned; for the advocates of moileration
and the partisans of aneirni privileges were ci]nallv oh-
iioxions to gkiiimy liinalii ism. His wile, losing all
rcmenihranee of former wrongs, was only seiisihie of his
misliirtimes. To love and helieve, to sulVi r and liirgive
siieh is I'emale lili'. .She used every exertion to relieve
his situation. In istaney had wiiimded her feelings,
hut she had never ceased to hive her liiishand ; and her
truth was displayed, when, wilhont advantage lo liliii,
it could only involve her in Ins late. Id'anliarnais w:is
iiiiieh moved hy this generous eondiict, and in several
all'eeting letters, written when no hope remained of es-
caping the Keall'oUl, lie warmly eoinmended his children
lo her I'are.
Josephine, heeoming in her Inrii an ohjeel of siis-
pi( ion, ivas also eonlinid. Up to this time she had
scarcely heslowcd a thoiiglit upon the I'lirlnne-tcller of
.Marliniiine; hut now, hy a common iiieonsislcncy of
Inimaii nature, the prediction reeiirred to her reiiicm-
hiaiice amid Ihe ghioiii of a prison. Her mind hccaiiie
aeenstomed to dwell \ipim its proiniscs, and she ended
hy a linn helief ill its easy ncconiplishmenl.
( >ne morning the jailor enlcred the cell, vvliieh she oc.
ciipied in eommoii with the Hiilehiss of Aigiiillon, (aller-
wards IMadame Louis de (iinirdin,) and two other ladies,
and annomieed ahriiptly, that he came to remove her
Ih'iI, which was wanleil liir another prisoner. "Of
course," said Madame H'.Vigiiilhin, with viv.icity, " Alii-
daiiie de lleanliarnais is lo he provided with a ktli r '"
The keeper answered savagely, "There will Im' little
need of that, as she is to go at once to the Concicrgi ric,
and theiiee to the giiilloliiie." This cruel warning ihi w
loud shrieks iVoni her eiinipauions in misliirtmic, hnl
Josi'phine atli iiipti il Ihe task of lonsolalion. .\l li iiglli
she heggcil them earnestly lo calm all their fears, as she
was assured, mil only of piesenl safely, hut of living and
reigning the ipiccii of rrance. " It is a pity that ynu
don't iippoint your atrt'iidanls," cried Alailani ll'.\igin|.
Ion, nngrilv. "Ah! that is very true— I had llirgolleii.
Well, my ilcar, ymi shall Ih' one of my ladies of lionoiir :
eome — yon h"ve my pniiiiisc." At Ihcse wiinis her coin-
paiiions hurst into liars; for Ihey could iieconiil for tlic
ill limed pleaHiintry only hy supposing that she hud hist
her senses.
iMaihim • D'Aigiiillon was nun li overcome, .loscplmie
led her towards a window, » hii h she threw ii|h ii logiM'
her air. A woiii:iii of onlmary ap|Harauce was iioliinl
IkIiiw, who SI eiiieil lo he making some exlr.iordinarv
signals. She shook her diess (mlii) viohntly, a gesture
which at iirsi was incxplieahle. At length Joseiihinc
cried out " IJohc," the woiiian 'lodded, iiiiil imnicdiati ly
sci/iug n |K hhle (/inirr) n eoiiimeni eil her gestures. Jo.
sephine ai.niin cried "Pii rre,"anil Ihe woman, apparciilU
iiiiich <;raiilieil, auiiiti lApreiscil assent. Then plai ini;
her gown and Ihi pehhie logclher, she rcpn si nteil Ihi'
motion of eiillmg a tliroal, dancing and clapping her
hands iil llic saiiie lime, with great I'li e. Il would he
ini|KiKsllile III ilescrilK till' jiiy with wliicli (he rapllven
■'rv. ■''■■'<;
;ilr, tluni«:h
It. is oiilv
ir ot' ]n>\vrr,
IIIIIC'lll, lliiil
cliaiiis, niiil
) loligor lor
lio colnd'u's
the iiilinliit.
vcltril in the
lir niiistciv.
rrvrrlMTiilicI
■use iiiid liir
lion ;in<i llic
iicr, nnil not
,(ilrnr(' writ*
nr, inspiviuij
n\<\<' iiiinnii.
— Iliis is my
lli'MCr III' llu!
ri'iicii :i MM
I'aliT nnifrni-
nprissiim on
llial tlii'rc is
I'roni lin|>|ii-
ilvcrsity was
1 sivcrily, it
ilu! wan ik'S-
lic (vrinciplrs
iislani, liiit a
luown 111! its
nvcr. Urau-
>t* inotlrralioM
•(' ('(iiiiilly iili-
(', liisinjr all
ii'iisiliK'oI'liis
mil ti>ri;ivi' —
inn ti) rrlirM'
lirr ri'i'rnii.'s,
anil ; anil liir
ilaiTt' to liim,
nhainais was
nil in srviral
[naini'il ol" is-
I Ills cliililron
irt of siis.
slir IukI
Inni'-tilliT 111'
^islrniy "I
IT ri'nirin-
ninil lirranii'
III slir I'liiliil
iirli (ilir "1-
lillon, (atliT-
itlicr liiilii'K,
rrinovr lirr
nil-. "Of
rilV, " Mii-
n Kllrr !"
II l>r lilllr
mriircrrii',
arniiijr iliiw
liii'tiinr, lail
, At linnlli
I'riirs, as i-lir
r living; mill
Ity tliiil yiMi
111 H'Ait'nil-
]il liirKollni.
iiriioniiin :
Ills lirr riiin-
iMit Tor III!
Llii' liiiil loft
li I
.lii
li|ii n III )<l\r
|\ Its iiolii'
.1
.III
ilii
liiiii
inii'ilialily
klnns. .Ill-
lii{i|iiirrnlly
I jilarin!;
nlnl III!'
llU'inu' I" !■
mill III'
aiilivin
ME.voins OF iiouten.se nn.VttllAIlXAIS.
1.07
vriiliircil III lii'l": ll'iit 'I'l' ''^'•'1'' "'" Holiinjiiini' was tinis
aiiiiniiniTil to lliiMn.
Wliilr llii'y "Lie slill (liviili'il hitwii'ii liopo anil foar,
II ijislurbanrr in llic );allrry attrarti'ii llair allriition.anil
liny nrisinllv ilisliiinuisliril the rmijrli voiii: of tlirir
liinil-i V, who was kirkiii;; his iloj; ami iTyin;; out, "(ict
iiliiii;.', yi"> ilaniniil l{ohos|iiirrc!" Thisrnri>;i lie ixpiis-
siimlissiirril hit lailii's thai then' was liltlr In appri lirnil,
ami lliat I'Vanco was saved. In fael, a short lime aller-
w^iiil", llieir eoinpaiiioiis ill inisliirtiine hurst into the
,rll III eniiniinnieiile the tiilinirs of the fjreat events of the
Dill Tin riiiiiliir. " Well," saiil Josephine, as her lieil was
ri'liiniiil, " you "ee I am not ilestineil to bo ^'iiillntiiieil.
1 sliill eerlainly he ipieea of Fruiiee."
We may parilnii the youlhfiil Unrtensefor antieipaliiif;
llie I'liliiri' eDiiiplelion ofii propheey, whiehshe llins saw
parli.illy aeiomplislieil, in the preservation of her niothiT
wiini ileslnieliim hail appeared inevilalile. The sii|h riiir
iiililliirenee of .losephine eoiiUl not have plaeeil its llriii
riliiiiiee nil siieli ii fallacy ; llioiij.'li reason and iiiiaj;ina-
liiiii li ive lint slender eiiniieeliuii in Die iiiinil of a i reole.
I'l rhaps she may have enlerlaineil hope of its fnllilment,
al llie very lime that she treated the piedietiiin with the
irnali'sl riilieiile. it is in this way that we may explain
nil iiitimaey (wliieli was, however, iiineli exa(j(;eraleil)
willi a liiitime-leller, who nl least liasevineed a eoiistant
ami (rralefiil reiiiemliraiiee of the favours reeeiveil.
Hut what was the impression iiiaile ii|Hin Hie mind of
lliirlinso liy the proiniso of so lirilliaiit a fiilnre/ iMnre
liiiiii oiiee she made it the touiidalion of those ph'aHinir
ilriims, wliieh are eourled with equal eaj;erness liy
eliililiiii'iil, llie lliiwer of life, and a<re il.self. Happier
il(iiililli"'s would she have Im'iti, had ilesliny reserved for
III T a fu'linie less lirilliaiit nr less imiipial; anil if she
Inul lill in llie moriiiii;j of her years all the Iriilll of the
H i<e i.iiillo she nllerwards uilopled — " Little Uiiiiwn, lillle
Irniililnl," (/if'i itiiniiii, lint liunhlii:)''
Alli r her lili'ralion, .lose|iliiiie lieeame extremely iiili-
iinil ' wilh iMad.iine 'i'allli'ii,t al whose house she met
liirias. 'I'll the palroiiiif;e of the laller, who heeaine
sli.irliv al'lerwards the head of the ilirei lory, she was in-
liilih'il for llie resloralioii of a part of her liirlime.
Diiriii!; the iinprisoiniieiit of llorlense's parents, our
iir.liisi'phiiie's friends, the Trini ess of lloliin'/.olleni, was
siriii k with eiinipassion for the ilestilnle enndilion of llie
tHii yiimid lleanharnais. As her residenee in I'nris was
riiiili ri il ilaniiiTiins liy pri<seription,slie proposed tiiearry
llniii with her, into (lirin,",ny. 'I'his ilesiirn was liaind
liii|<r.ii'liealile : the prineess set out alone, anil the lllifor-
liiii.ile iliilihen remained in I'aris, wilh no oilier prolee-
liiia lli.in Ihat of an old nurse. 'I'he eares of eiliiealinn
I'liiilil he lillle nlleniled III, when even llie means of ex-
i>liiiie were of dillienll allainmenl. The lahonrs of the
iiiir'--e were soon foimil insnilieieiil fur llie mainlenanee
ol' ihree persons; lint llorletise, llioiijili slill very yoimi;,
Mi,iiiil Ihat eneriry of eharaeler, wliieh, in al)er lili',
HIV so useful in eiialilini; her In support ailvi rsily. Ilolli
sli. iiiiil her lii'olher di'lerinined In lalionr for their loiii.
iiiKii liM'lihnoil: Kn^rene hired himself In a joiner, anil
lliirli'hse went to a iiiaiiliiamaker's. Her palienee nniler
nriy privation, showed how deeply lonleil were those
• "On ii'iiiliini! Iniiiii', I rniiinl ymir new riim.iiii'r. I ililiik il
i<ri i>riM>; mill iililniiiuh tl^^ll^rl>llli'<l iniiL'rri'alileiliiiiL'Krriiiiiyiiii.
1.1111 ii->l till' li'itsMlriiiK i\ Itli \iinr Inri'ih ill niliijHisiiiii unnit \rr>ri*.
(t 11 r liilil .vim my nniltn! Ii:i-i liiiiiiiiil II a ilMlr. > /.<«• knniiii.
!','< iriiiiltli'il,' \-* I he iiiif I rliii-f liiiiuiiiuti, liiriiii»ii' il Innii wrlliniiiil
I'lii" 111. Ill |iiii«|H luiH il:i\>, III) t'nni la liMil III ailil, • Mini-
li'i'iiiii I I' liiMil ;' ilii'v km 'IV iiu iiiilv iiiiiliitiiiii, anil w i-iinl in
iii.ik' nil' lllliik llial I irallv |i<i-'iiin''il\\lnil I iiuihl ili'liril. I ilnini.
iliii iliink II Ill' uIhiiii Ii iniw.Ni ilial my llri>l iniilln .n, aln rail,
ilii mill iiiii' line hi'liis iiin,
'Sii, vein hii\i' Im'ii I'xliiliiiliiu my li'lii ral \Vi ri' «e hetiii nr-
iiiiiiil. we xliMiilil I'l r unity I'lilt mil, Inn \iMi iniiilit in In' i'muhi .1
111'- l.iiill, an (nil liiiil iiili-laki'ii iiiy iniiltii I tniil hi riini>ly ri-
11 it mil til n rite vim nninliiT lliii': I iii'i!lii>r rlniusi' in Im priil.^i'il
1 iTiiliii I Hini', nnr In 111' nail liy lln.se 111 wliniii I have neiri
lilillni Ml ll'lnil 1 linnuril in llli< rmiltie nl llie i'\i'lllhl-ill, I'nr till >
I I "111 nil' ilial all ihi' » nrlil Innl mil iliall kinill\ lit imi. ami I iln ii'ii
illoi.i' In ri'-i nihil' all Ille xinlil nn thr nn'iliiiu, Ihn ill Hill 111
I'll liy ill! naiii'H my inii'ri'Hi III jnnr Inlniil. I i-linil hi uin a
I'lllicilmi .11 imeini'a liir ni'lv riiiniinrrii. n lilnnil llii> haul I'l ur nl
I iiii|i<>liii.. nil iiinr iinnil iiainii' I fi'i' \iin Inui' II uii III ilriil. iiiiil I
] Jlli|ili'i.i'il III mil )ill| IllllV linn II yim lliive niilliinl n\r." I.rllir
■i.»i llrl.H.r
• \| i.ii'iii'.i-i'lli' 'riihiinni, llie tliiiailiii r nl' a H|ianlii|i Imnki-r, ami
'111' 111 llii' mil I II. iiiiiiinl wniiii n nl Inl il.i>', marriiil "rilllii'li In
I'lii' II"! i.nhi r'- nil' irnin iln- I'liinli'inn iihni ni'ii iMnlnilnniiTi nl
ll'iliMl. On ihi' li|l. I'linllihir, mmoiI ili'pniii'- iii.'liiiliil lii llir
■ii'liilnii IImI III' Hiiliifiili'iri', iiuri'i'il in iinai'k linn In iln< I nil
liiiii 'I'.illli It, til \\lii..i> liiimic ilii'\' Ini.l ii>>-.'inlilril. Hmini; ihrin
Itillii 111 llnir ii'iiiliilliii hir.'oril llnni Ihiii 'I'linanli! »liii r
|>ii'i tii-tiiii' 111 il liver rriiiii'ti tY,,ni n niinn<ler, I inn ili'irriiiiiitil
lllmivii .lull ni'M r liM'iii ninnnmlii'ilriiiiiii'iinn iiriininininiiy.
■If'Mlii. ni.lanl In ili'iiniiiiri' \inir Ili'-iMin,* Tlii' iii|iiil|i'4 wvtf
fl'ttrihnl li'.nllMi'ill IVaa ri'"liiri' t. ,111,1 I'lHIll 1' WlHNttir.l '1 III-
a '111, ll,ilh'i.iin'rri', I'liiitlriiimil a-. i.iinii ih ini iimil, |H'i<i*lii>it In
rai liiiiai'. MiiUhimii 't'ullii'ii !• now iiinriiiil lo lira I'llnm ol
^liiinav
priiieiples of perseverance ami resignation, wliieli hail
lieeii so sednlnnsly mid sm'cessfiilly iiiciilealed liy her
exeelhnt mot her.
The liU'ralinn of Josephine was the means of resloriii(r
her (lau(;hler to eoinfort ami to her slmlies. She was
plaeed at a hoariliiiij sehoolatSl. (lerniaiii ; wliieli, I lioiii;li
lull reeenlly opened, had already aeipiiied a well deserved
ri'pnlalion. 'I'he sense, tah'iil, and piirily nl' priiieiple of
.Madame ('aiiipan, the head of the estalilisliineiil, were
snllieieiit to onsiiiu its eoinplete success.*
CHAI'TKR III.
The rons)iicnou.< serviees rendered liy Madame Cani-
|ian, under llie empire, in the fnlil of ediiealion, have ereal
.'d for her the most solid claims lo piililie esteem. She
|iossi'Ssi'd every leqiiisile liir formiiifr the iiiimi, the heart,
mil the nianners ot'yoiith. (Iiillie last, she eoiilil liestow
llie piilished nrlianily ol' the old eninl, where her snperinr
lalents and knowledge had ohlaim'd hoiionralile mitiee.
.Vt Ille a^e of lilleen, she had lieeii iip{iiiinli'il reader to the
ilanifhter of Imiiis.W; and .Marie AntninelleshorllyalU'r-
warils altacheil her more immeilialcly toiler own person,
liy priiiniiliii(r u marriage with her private seeielary.
Uiiined like siiniany otliers, liy the revolnliim, she dilcr-
mined, alUr the lllii Therniidor, to turn her talents to
aceoimt liy openinjr a hnardinn; school. In ii short time,
he reputation of Si. (lerinain rivalled the aneienl renown
if the estahlishmcnt of .S|. Cyr, liiiindeil liy .Madame de
.Mainlenon. Mvery disliiijriii^liiil persiiiia);e of the day
was sure lo have ii relative under the care of Madame
Campan, and some of her sehnlars aOerwarils rose lo roy-
ilty. Kveii the amuseineiits of St. (o riiiain yielded in
iiiilhiii); to those of St. Cyr; for llnmy;h the loriinr eoiilil
liiiast nn Kaeiiie as its ri liiriiiiis laiireate, yi I the yniiiiir
and jjiitcd pupils allernately performed Iik I'lslher anil
Alhalic — the jjreat lua.sler-pieees of the [''leiieli ilri:ma.
If they were not hnnonred liy the prcseiiie of l.oiiis Ir
(iraiiil, their audieiiee was ciiinpnseil of that crowd ol
yimiij; soldiers who already yave liisire to the arms nl
l''rani'C, and their juiljie was he w Inw name w.'is lint
another name for victory, and whose exellioiis piimiiseil
the restoration of its depressed art.s to his sull'i riii^ coiin-
Iry.
Among llio compnnions of Ilortviitiu nt Miidninc ( 'aiii-
paii's, were her cniisiii Slephaiiie, allerwards (0111111
I •nlehess nf liadcn — ( 'aroline llniiaparle, Ihefiilnre (inein
of Niples, and several others, liiilli relatives ami eiinnee-
tliiiis liy her molhcr's seennil iiiarria|;i'. lliil ill liiriiiin^r
one ol those frii'iidsliips of childhood, which In 1 nun
almost a purl of oiir nature and seliloni end lint with lili,
Horteiise was guided iieilher liy the licsof lilmnl, nor the
priile of rank. T'lie person to w lioiii she hecame iiinsi
Killachcd was not a relalinn, nor was slii' ilestineil to roy-
ally. .\ niece of Madame Campan — .Allele .Vii^uie, aller-
wards .Madame lie llroe — heeanie her (ainslant and faith-
fill alli iiilaiit. She I'nilowcil Horteiise on her departure
from .St. (iermain, ami remained with licr until tlieir
I'rii'iiilship was scMi'i d liy death.
Niitwithstaiidinjf the apjiarenl eipialily of all llic lioai'il-
ers, il was alinnsl iinpossililc to prevent the ri l.itins ol
liiiii who rilled l''r.iiii'e and ilielated lo I'liirope, frniii hc-
iii)r spiiiled liy their 1 iim|iaiiiiiiis ami tlieir ini.sliess. .\l
the same lime, the care heslowed hy Madame Ciimpan
on the eihieatinn nl* Hiirtcnsc, was t'ar frnni hi'itiL,^ Insl.
This sa;,'acinus inslnieli'css )li'lit;lili d In repent thai
"l.ilcnls were llie wi allli of the rich and the ornami'iit of
the poor." Ilir pupil— hevidis acijiiiriiii,' the jicinral
lii'aiiehes of edncalinn — excelled in all llie aurccalile ae-
coiiiplisliini'iits, and the siicecss ol' her ilelinl in sniietv,
t'lllly jiislilieil the Iriilh nl'lhc liuoiirile maxim, The fnl-
liiwinu^ valiiahlc Iclti r shows hmv cninpletcly Jiisephine
hail ri'taiind in the miilsl of ^rriiiidinr, her native inndcsly,
simplicity iinil |nstni'ss of principle.
Til .Uiii/iiiiie ii'r ('iimi«iii — .S7. dirmiiiii.
"In relnrninu ynli my iiieee, my dear .Madame Ciim-
pan, I send yon liolli Ihaiiks and repronf — Ihankn, liir the
hrilliinl eiliienlinn ynii have i.ii\eii her, and leprnof lor Iln
I'aidlM which your aeuleeess niiisl have noticed, liiil which
vonr iiiiliil)ri'iiee has inismiI hm r. She is ({ihhI li nipi red,
lint cold ; well iiiliiriiieil, Inil ilisihiinfiil ; lively, liiil ilclI
I il lit ill jnilciiicnl. She pleases no hoily iiiid il ^ives her
no pain. She liincies the n iiiiwn nf her niiele anil the
L'lillaiitry of her liilher are ivcry Ihiiiir. Teiicli her; lint
leach her plainly, w ilhniil liiiniiiic, Ilial in reality Ihcy
• Aller Ihi
lialili' III' Aii«lei liir,, Mnihiine I 'inii|i m « iik n|i|Mi|iiii'
ilnli ml Ihe III I al I'Iriiii wln-ii. >ln'
hv Niiiinli'iin hi miiii linn ml ihe nl 1 al t'lrnii whi'ii. >ln' rr
nnlini'il liniil IH miniir. Hilnll al Iln' r -Iniallnll nl Ihn Ihnill >
^hi' llnii 11 lln'il 111 Niiiil.i'., « IniT -he ill, il ,'ii tin lilili ,.| Mm, 1,,
Is'J'J In Inr la.-i nini", iln ili>.|.hiMi| ilii' tnliniiCM nt »»««.
aiiil lliii |i|uiu liii|iv III n ilnri'ie i'lulfllmi.
are milhinir. We live in an aye, when every iiiie is Ihe
child of his own ileeils; and if tiiey who lill the hinln'st
ranks of pnlilie service eiijny iiny snperinr ailvaiiLinc nr
privilcfic, il is the nppiirlnniiy nf hciiiij innre nsi I'lil and
mure helovcd. Il is llins alone that nnnd I'lirlnue heeiiiiies
pardniialile in the eyes nl'lhc em inns. This is what I
would have you In repeal In her cniislaiilly. I wish her
lo treat all her compaiiiiiiis as her ei|uals: many nf llicni
are lielter, or at least ipiile as ilcserviiiir as she is licrscll',
and their only iiili'riorily is in mil haviiiL; had relalions
equally skilful or equally lorluniile."
Jnsia'nlXK HoNU'MlTK.
lint Ihe new sin;natiiri' of the iiiollier nt' llnrtense re-
niiiids us thai we have somewhat aiilii ipaleil cMiils — lei
us resume our luirrulive.
CIlArTKU IV.
AVe have already inenlinned Harras and Tallien aH
f'ricnils of .Mattaine de [teanharnais. Itonaparle, Ihen a
(.i-encral ollleer, also hi'liiii;;i'il lo llieii- circle, and his feel-
ings were exciteil lowiirils JiiM'phine hy Ille fnllnwinn
neenrrence. A |rciii ral disarming nf the penple was nne
of the chief precantioliiirv iiieasuris of police, nnilerlakeii
aller the insurrection ol Vemleiniaire, and eiilriisled In
liiiii tiir cxccntinn, in his capacity nt'cnnnnaniter ill chief
of Ihe army ol'llie interior. One day his aiil-dc i','ini|i,
Ijcmarrois, inti'iidneeil a hoy of liimleeii, who carncslly
he^'jjcd the retmn of a swiiiil sci'/.cd hy Ihe pnliee : il had
iH'cn the weapmi of his liilher, once in the ejiief command
of Ihe forces of Ihe rcpulihc, and it seemed an act ol'iii-
irratitiide llnis toilcpriie a son of the last relic ol'aii nn.
liirtiinate and ri'S|M'iii'd parent. The sw iird was relnriii il,
and on seeing; il, the hoy hurst inin tears. The firmiiess,
cnllinsiasin, |rrai'i'fiil nianncrs, and lilial alli'clinii of the
yonii); l'ai|;ene, for il was lie, excited a lively interest in
liniiaparli , and indiieeil him to nienlinii the necnrience to
ll.iriMs, nl all eveiiili!; parly. Madaiiie lleanhariiais ap-
peareii shortly al\i'rw,'irils, and llonaparle i'iin;:raliilali il
her ii!i pnssi'ssinn so iiiteri'sliii;j a son. Ileliire the end
of the cvi iiiiiir, he hecame cniiMiiei'd that Jnsephiiie was
woilliy of heiii); the ninlher of ('ai^riin' : llir inliiiiaey thus
hei;iin, i,mm' rise In a mill ml allaeliiin lit, w liieh inereaseil
cM'ry il,iy, and soon tcrminali il in marri:i|te. This was
ill Willi, Itiiiiapaile si I niil liir his niemnralili' cainpaiini of
Italy, and siiliseqinnlly eiiili,irkiil for I'invpl. .Mler the
latter exjicditiiin the wlmle liiiiiily was niinilid, liir llnr-
tense, Ilieii aliniit m'M'hIi en, fnqiiiiilly lell her hiiardin^'
scliool In pay loiiir visits 111 r,iri-i.
On his ariival at the cipilal, llniiaparle rcsnmcd the
siiine lahorioiis and sceliiileil maiiinr ol'liii' wliieli he had
li'il on n tiiriiiiiir rroiii Uasladt — apiieariii;,' hiil lillle in
piililie; always oeenpyini.' a lallieril linv at the Iheaire;
I'reipienlinu: nniie hut liter, iry sneicly, and never diiiiii);
with Ihe direelnrs, cxecpt ill private. He timnil il, ni-
di id, iiii|Hissili|e III drellne the piililie iliiiner i:ivcii lo hiiii
hy the li'v'islalivc eniiiii ils in the Temple nf \ iclmy. (Si.
Snlpicc :) lint he iiidy reinaiiicd an lioiir, and i|uitli'd the
cull rtaiiimeiil in company wilh .Moreiiu. This retire-
nicnt, which iippcarcil a iii'eiss.ii'y ri la Mil inn Inini his
I ilmms ill the service nl' the il.'itc, was mii<eis,illv rrs-
peeliil. The resumplinii of lialnls which had ever dls-
liiituishi il impiirlanl epochs in his career, was allrihulej
hy many In deepdrsiirns liir ri'>lnriii!,i' lliedij;iiily nfllii:
iiatiiiii, and fur alli viatiiiir llie piililic ili>lri ss.
The eniispirai ns ai:aiiisl the iliici liiiy had iinw ln'-
ciiiiii' iniiverNal. On nil sides, Itmiap.irti' was ciiireiilcil
In place liinisell'at llie lieiiil, iml nf a rehi'llinn, lint of a
revolulion. He was even iiiaile the ciintiilanl nf Ihe mi-
lions si'lnnicsainldesiirns wliii h divlilnl the Iniiiihers of
the novi riiiiii nl, for tin re were plots aininiy llie dim tors
Ihemselvcs. The |Hisiliiin of the ihlfeienl I'aelioiis may
Is' thus deserihiil. \uf,'ercaii and llermiiliille, represeni-
iiif the nidiciils of the iVKnrV'.oll'cri il In place hiiii al Ijiii
lii'iid 111' Ihe n piihlie. IMIiers aijaui, projsiscd llie nvcr-
llirow Viilli of Ihe ilireelnry ami Ihe iiiaiu'i;!'. .Ainnni;
these was l''oiiehi'', who had lirnkeii Willi the Intler; and
wlin, tliiin|rli a inemlMr of the niiiiislry, had commeiieed
the Kline i.'aine which lie alli r« ,irds coiilmmil lo play
Willi all Ille snccissive novi 1 iiineiils. Iliiiiapinic was
also evpiiscd lo Ihe llalliTlcH nf ,iiiolhi r iiiiinsler, who, il'
his cniiihiel has partaken Inn iiiiii h of Ihe rapid versalilily
of Ihe cveiils, in which for folly years he lias lakeii sncli
iiclive pari, at least oll'i rs some lilnneiiii lit liy all llic
|ii rsniiiil Hii|>criiirity thai •;i iiiiis anil proliiinid kiinwli'di,r|i
can licstnw on n Hlalc-iinan. Sni h lias liciii the aTiii
ihiiiey of Ills distiiii;ui,.hi'i| luerit, that < very new ilvmiKly
lins paid III illlie Iriliiile of niMi iai 1 mplnymi ill, liitluiii.
eini; tlic dipkniiai y of I'inrnpc liir many years; innvmif
all lliii w ill H al nil asini ; ilircilini! In m en k every H|iriii|>,
lill tliiin U'vuiiii' linlmiH iiHuliU tu till! uniliilioiiii 1 who, alUt
in
: :i ' ■» 1 1 tj"
.",\
^ ' I ■' ' ■
sS?=..
1 ;., ,;
i
■^\
:f\
1.^8
MEMOIRS OF lIOItTENSG BCAVIIAnNAIS.
t
\i ^i
•St ' *.•«•
'*'£^ ■: -7-1 >
'I 'It i.-'k'-
seizing tliu supremo power, availed thoinselvcs of his ex-
|K;riciicc to retain their elevation.
Anionff the directorH thoniselvcs, discord waH at its
height; and they intrigued separately with Jlonapiirte for
the destruction of their joint powi.'r. Sieyes, witii many
mendiers of the council of ancients, solicited him to head
the moderate party, who were to estahlisli n constitution
which he had prepared in secret. Ifofrer Ducos was the
mere shadow of Si<^yi's, and liis constant concurrence
with his colleajjuc might lie taken tor granted. Uarras,
Mculins and (Johier, were all desirous that Honapartc
hIiouUI resume the command of tlie army of Italy ; the
first, in order to withdraw him from politics; tiic others,
merely to employ him as the military engiiieof their pow-
er. Thiy were not aware that the times of tlie If^tli
l'"rueti(lor had gone by. 'I'liese plots were generally
known : the most tbrmidalili^ was still a secret.
liiinapartc's eoun-^ellnrs in the present erilical position
of his alfairs, weri^ all men of liilents and experienei',
such as ('ainliaecres, ItoMJcrer, Heal, am' Kegnault de
St. .Ii'an (I'Angely. Sii'yes, a Prove ntj'al and an old ac-
(luaiiitanee of the andiilioiis general, was the only direc-
tor who possessed any sliiire of his oonfidenee, and in
fact, was the only oiu^ who desi'rved it. As for Uarras
and Monlins, he had long known how to appreciate
them.
On the eighth of Hrninaire, Donaparte dined with
Il.irras, — who erimmniiieated to him in pretendi'd eonfi-
denec, his determination lo retire from the head of
aft'iirs. 'J'lie chief director explained (he neeessily of
ndopling another form of government for Kranee, and of
selecting (ieneral lleilouville as the oidy proper presi-
dent of the repnlilie. As tiir llonaparle, he proposed lo
place him at the head of a I'reneh army, with which he
should conquer the old Cisalpine eomnionweallli, and re-
tain its sovereignty for his own private |irofit. It was
clear that (he nami- of iledouville was a mere cov<t lor
that of Uarras himself, anil Honaparle, liy a single
glance, gave him (o understanil that the design was per-
fectly eompreliended. On ipiilliiig the director, the
general sought out Sieyes, lo wlio'n his own plan of re-
vohilion was exhihiled. They were soon agreed, and
the execution of their project was a.-ranged for some |k'-
riod hetwec n the l.")tli an<l "-idth of Ilrumaire.
The news of this eonlerenee with his colleague soon
reached Uarras, and it produced a visit lo Honaparle
early next morning, in whieh (he eonlidenee of the
preceding day was renewi'd, and Ihe hlameofthe weak-
ness of his pi ms laid on (he impo(enei^ of (he goviTu-
ineiit. lie eonehided liy dielaring that he threw him-
self on tlie nierey of Ihe only man who conlil save his
coimlry. Honaparle was mueh li ^s open in his ixplana-
lioi,s : he disclaimed all rigid (o this (llle, and alleged
thill (he nstoralioii of his In :ilth and (he tranipiillity of
repo-r, wi re all that he desired. It was ahout this lime
thai Sii-yes eommenei il taking lessons in riding: a piece
of 111 ws whieh •ininsed the L'ossips of i'aris, and es|ie-
cially Harras, who took L'reat delii;h( in watching from
his window tlir new gyimin:^(ies of his grave colleague.
In (he mean dm. , (iie garrison of I'arls, which had
served in l('ily up to (he l.'ldi of Vc iideinlaire — (he liir-
(y-elglit adiiiliiiils of ihe .Valional (iuard, who had lieeii
ii'ppolnird iiy Honaparle iitVr that e|Kieli — and (ieiierni
Aloraiid, eninmaiidanl of (he eapllal, had imlleil in a re-
ipies( (o lie prescndd (o N'.ipoleon and allerwards review-
ed. The ceremony was deliried from day (o day. .\(
lengdi, on (he l.'dli. It. n ipiirle mid Sii'ves had a las( de-
eisl\e liilerview : (lir m of nvoludon Wiis delini(ely
M'Kled, and its exeeiKioii appolided for (h" |S||i,
Ivirly on tin' 17th (he eomniaiidant of I'aris, (he re-
giments of (he garrison, and (he nilju(ants <•'' (lie sec.
lion-, were re.piesd'd (o allend at Hoiiiipard 's i.sideme
in (he Uiii' ' 'liiindreine, al seven In (he morning of Ihe
Hiieeeedliig day. .As this vl-it had Iteeii long arranged,
no iniporliinee was alliielii d lo il. The viirioiiH ollieers
on whom any reliaui lid lie pliieed, were also Invlleil
for Ihe same' hour. All of dieMe liiillvldiiiils, liriiily lin-
pres..ed with (he po)illl;ir III lief ill (he imilll illllle ill pur-
lure of Ihe general for die army of llalv, iinagined (lin(
(hey were onlv (o leeelM- orders ri l.idve (o this snlijeel.
Neither Moreiiu nor Mm ilonuld had ilireelly sollelli d iiiiv
pnrtieipntloii in die nrraiigeiiniil" of (he plol, of wliieli
the exislence alone liiid hi en eonfided (o (hi in ; hul (liey
had iill'eri d (o assisl l(s exeeiidon, mid, widi (•I'lii ral
liifevre, (lie eonimnnd.inl of (he division, were Inviled
to dir' reiidi /voiis in (he Hue Cliaiden ine. All arrived
lit die Mppiiiiidil (line; lli (iiadii((e was lirongh( hy .lo.
HI pli lloieipiiil". ,\( hull' p'l"' eight n iiiesxeiigir iippiiired
Irom the eoniii il of ineinds, lieiirlni' a di ern' piisped hy
(he Inllueliei of Sh yes and Ills ealiiil. Il was (hi'U'sl
iiiuniri'Dlij uf Lliu i'L'vuli((iuii. unj tnnlbrri'd lliv 'U|irciiii'
military command on lionapartc. Imincdiatc use was
made of the new power, hy intrusting all the the impor-
tant parts of the capital to his adherents. Thus the di-
rectors, who were ignorant of all these events until
about ten o'clock, found themselves, in one moment,
without power, without protection, and deprived of all
confidence in the council, die conmiander in chief, and
the army. In this emergency, Moulins proposed to
Harras and (joliier, to liave Honaparte instantly ar-
rested and shot ' but he changed his mind when the
riU.xeinbourg ', ^ - 'rrounded by a strong guard. He
dien, along ,iJ\ -■' !iier, sent in his resignation, and
with him was ■■■>■!:, led in the palace of the goverument ;
from which, however, he succeeded in making his es-
cape. Harrna obtained a safe conduct, and a det.ichmcnt
to escort him to Gros Hois. 'I'hus ended the Uircctory.
On the sueceeiling day, the tiimous scene occurred at
the OioHgeric of S(. t'loud ; when Honajiarte, seconded
hy the firmness and presence of mind of his brother
I.neien ,as 'veil as hy the bayonets of his grenadiers,
succeeded in dissolving the council of five hundred, and
hutting up their place of nieeting.
.Viler the ISdi of lirumaire, Honaparte and his fiinily
resldeil at the Tuilerics. Here the mild gr.icis of Ilor-
(ensc appeared to great advantage, contrasted with the
glitti ring display of a new court, .illve with (he sdr of
military glory. She was courted by the richest and no-
blest of I'Vanee, and had now full scope hir (he iiidul-
genee of those pleasing anticipations of a future which
so rarely falls out aeeordiiig to our hopes or our fears.
Hut France, under (he sway of the first consul, was
mightier than the France of the ohi monarchy : who
migld (hen aspire to the honour of alliance with i(s so-
vereign ! The sad desdny of princesses — (he oliligation
of loving according to political neei'ssily^mus' have
ippeared lo Iforti n-e a heavy drawback upon all her
grandeur. (lirls of seventeen are not long in Heling
that diey possess an eye and a heart, and can conceive
lo other inntivi^ fi;r inatrimony than afl'eclion. Hefore
(his last revoludiin, (he fortune of her adopted fiitlier,
which, whether in prosperity or evil, ever moved with
the strides of a giant, had not attained so high an eleva-
tion as to gi.i: Horfense reason (o finr consfrainl on
her inclinations. At her time of life, fancy presents
every (liiiig (hrough a false medium, which nothing but
experience can remove : but the molldiis of reason are
low, and she is somefimes (oo la(e in di s(royiiig the il-
lusion and displaying (he mordlying reality.
Hefore elicpielle had changed the drawing room of
Madame Honaparle Into Ihe brlllianl hall of a sovereign,
it was die resort of (he lilt,lies( I'iirisian soeie(y : a class
which, at this lime, pre.senled some curious eonlrasls of
character and siliiadon. Around (Jeiieral Honaparle
were, of course, nssembleil the men of high military'
rank, and (he chief piiblie I'lnedonaries of (he direi;(ory
ill more or less deeided jacobins, wildi whom it was
ye( necessary (o preserve a good unilers(aiiding. Jose-
phine, on the oilier hand, was the centre of a circle
eonipoHed of the courliers of the old monareliy, who
iiore or less openly regreded (he aecient order of lliings.
Von might see a redirned emigrant, slill nominally un-
der sendnee of dcalli, sealed next to a memlier of the
•ry eonvendon which had pronouneid that Kentenee :
while furdier on, u royalist leader, s'lrctly jealous of
(he renown of the soldier and (he power of the i ivlliau,
eoneeali d his envy eniler an aU'eiiatlon of eoiilempl.
The perfect good breeding of Madame llonupard', willi
die grave and imposing carriage of her Imsliand, hariiio-
iiisiil all these v;irlous IneongriiitieN.
Ilortinsi fii ipiinlly mnde In r appearance in the draw-
ing room, and aeiordlng to court gossip, was much
^lnll'k wllh an liidhldtial eonsplein us for all the ipni-
llliis most admli'i d by very young ladles — a tlashing
pulatinii, a line figure, and bold yet polished inan-
mis. This personage was .M. di> I aiilo, il royalist ol
extravagant i iilhiislaMii, who was said to have i xeld d
Mil iiisurn idoii of die |H asiiidry in (he vielnily of 'I'nii.
Inti*.!'. His good mien, his east ol* eliaraeter, and espe-
elully his iiilsliirdmeM, wero liinnil irresislllile by Alaik'-
nioiselle Heaiihaniais, mid r\en Josephine was so liir ted
awny, us lo allow some talk of marrliige I Hul ttie hom-
basl mid vanily of young I'aulo wile by no melius (o
the tiir'd of die first consul, who exiled liim forlTiullh di
l.aiignedoe,
111 die eyes of II girl of wvcnlecn, fHultd of tllil do-
seniiliiiii are SI Idom uiipMiiloiiable In nil iidmiri r, I'Hpe.
ijiliy when ueeonipanied by Hlrlklng ipiahllcH. If I'miiIo
bad III I II loved lieflire liir the dangers he liml run, he
iH'came even iiiom liileri sling when |H'rseeiiled in (he
I aiise of love. llor(eii--r had Inen duly impM s.i d wllh
tulcN uf tliv ttluric.'i uf tliu old iiiiiiiureliy, uiidvr whieh
her ancestors had played so distinguished a part, and lar
mind was filled with descriptions of those gallant, graw-
ful, and polished nobles, who are only to be found in (In.
atmosphere of a court. De I'aulo Hceiiied in Boiiie iiuii.
sure to realise these fancies. The throne had falkn
but he was still loyal. Fidelity in misfortune gave liim
a melanelioly interest, ond inspired that kind of enlliu.
siasin, always displayed by women towards those who
sutler for the sake of principle. His exile gave the la-t
touch of the picture, by adding the mellowing cireclH oi'
absence to the attractions of advcrsily and first love.
Ilortense never saw I'aulo again. Kven if they luul
met in atler life, Ihere can be no qucsdon hut that lur
ripened judgment and correct good .sensi' would have
conlirincd the decision of the consul. \Vc may, howevir,
be allowed to fincy that the rcmemliraiice of her Invii,
uch as he first appeared to her imaginadon, sonielinii..
recurred to her memory; and that this phantom nf
childish romance perhaps disturbed the pomps of roynllv,
!iud increased tlio iiiehuicholy monoUiny of yraiuleur.
CIIArTER V.
State [loliey had broken olTonc marriage — stale polliy
now arranged another. Tn uniting (heir own t(>rdmi'«,
Napoleon and Josephine seemed to have (neidy agrnd
lo work in concert for the advane"nienl of their fiiiiiili's.
One of die most cert.iin and (^xpedilioiis modes of li,f-
warding lliis design, was to promole as many imidml
alliances as could possibly li(^ eU'eeted. The consul Irmk-
ed upon Iiouis Honaparte, whom he hud brought up, r;i-
llier in the light of a son than a brnder ; on her i-idi ,
Josephine was particularly anxious lo unite hlni to lin
daughter, and lliey were accordingly married in llu
month of January, ISO:?.
I.oiiis Honaparte, Napoleon's third lirother, born nl
\jaeeio, the xjilof Seplember, 177s, enlered the army nl
an early age, and served in (he famous campaigns nl
Italy and KgyP'- Sevcal of his Uders from llle l.iMn
country were intercepted and published by the Knglisli.
They arc every where filled wllh the sound plilloso|iliv
and love of mankind which may be called the basit. if
his character. The indignant distress exclled in Im
heart hy the cruellies and calamldes of warfan , iir.'
especially renmrkable. He ipiilled Kfjypl on the 1 Itli .1'
.March, I77II, and relurm^il to France, bearing dcBpalclin
from his brother lo the directory.
After Hrumairc, when Napoleon had become first con.
sul, I.onia was appointed on a dlploniadc mission (o Si.
I'etersburg : but (he violent deadi of (lie I'aiipcror l';ml
induced him lo stop at Herllii, where he remained nmrlv
a year. ( hi his reliirn In I'aris, he received the eoiinii;iiiil
of (he !l(h regiment of dragoons, and was shortly iilli r-
wards appointed general of brigade. It was at llils |ic
riod that his union wllh Ilorlcnse look place.
Had the choice of lliese parties been iinfiKercd, I'.iili
possessed ipialllies which might have prodneed u niiiliwl
attachment ; but the desire of happiness was exi liain'nl
for II subniisslon lo necessity, and objecls present u nrv
dllferent u|>pearanee when regarded from opposite jHiiiib
of view. The character of I,( uis was the reveriii' if
dial of Ilorlense. A great moralist has remarkid llial
Ibis was the best reason fiir expecting future syinpallij ;
but it frcipiently happens that die same wheels, vvliirli
by properly meetiiig would neeoiuplish all the objerk.il |
the meehanie, clash anil crush each utiuir hy nn luitinir
ly revolullon.
The newly married couple trenleil (heir union us llu
work of eompnlsion, and (In ir hide asperilies, iiiKlinl I
of hi lug cmoollied hy gi nlle frielloii, were in consli.ll
eollislon. I.iiiiiH linil soiiie romiinee in his dispusilnii,
liMl it was dint kind of roimmee which bads Its |HISM>^.
or riidii r d) wridi ii bonk than to i iiaet the hero. Tl:i
f'iiii/ri(/ •S'i)(i(i( of Uoiissean was Ihe fnvonrile sIimIvI
one, wliiiHC duly it becamii to nsslsf In the overlliii>» ill
his eoiinlry's lilierlles, and who was doomed one ihii In I
be a king. Iioiils was eiitliiinlasliriillj devodd (o vi-imif |
of iiiilvi rsnl pe:iee, anil yel (ad had eolidi iiiiii d hi
be a solilii I', He haled eerenionv, mid yi't his lili: lu^l
spent In a eoiirl, anil his iiiiidniis «ere a perprdiiil |vi f
geaiit. I'relerring retirement and s|neiila(lM' relliilm,
he waH hurried nlonf( liy tim whirlwind of his biuilMr>
genius.
I'ollnges iiiid sill phenlesHi'H we may liinry as llir <iil>
jeeN of the love ihi alns of l.oills. It WRH inipni 'lilili I'
liiiai:iiie more sweelm ss. In nevolenee, and siiii|i|iiia|
of disle, dinn were In be fninid Uliilld ill the I liiiroilnl
of llnrdnse; but she iiddid tin ipiiilldi s belillini; i|
ipieeii, and In r superlnr mind vvmi piepared for roi'l
I liiiiiui iif linlime. She pnssi ssi d aipilik nnil iliiiili^l
dmper, II slton," intelkct, ami a ciilltidLTublc (Imrr I'l
lUEiUOIRS OF IIORTENSE BEAUIIARNAIS.
159
|mrl, iiiulln'f
illiml.urar.i-
fountl ill tln'
[1 Bomc \wn-
11 had fiillcii,
Hit: niivc li'nii
iiul f>f iiillin-
Ih those wlio
tjavo till' lii>l
in<r olVicts 01'
firs-l love.
1 if they liail
but Hint 111 r
!■ WOlllll llilVO
uay, liowivi r,
of lior liivir,
on, soiiii'liii"-
M iihiintoiii (if
,ii|is(if royiilly,
if gramliiir.
ro — Blalo (mill y
r own forliiiic",
J tarilly iiKriiil
if tlicir famili's.
< moilt's of I'm-
K many iniilii;il
["lio OOllSlll li'iik-
. liroutflit lip, r;i-
ici- : on hrr s-iili',
miitc liiin to lur
uuirricil in lln'
lirolliiT, lioin nl
urwl the iirioy :it
US caiiipaijriis «<
s from llic I'll'ir
1 by till' l';ii;:li*li-
Hoii'iul iiliiloj^opliy
lallwl till- liiisis if
w exc'ili'il in Kh
s of wiirfiri , M"
<ypl on tlie lltli "f
uarinjj ilcspatclii'
bccoini! first I'on-
[tic mission to Si.
]1h' I'lmpcror r»"l
|(' ri'iiiainril iKiitly
ivi'il tlio coniiiiiiuil
jwas shortly allu-
lit was at this pc
. plait'.
II nnli'tlorcil, i-mli
iroilurril a limliwl
■ss waK I'xrhaiici'l
els pri'si lit a Mty
0111 oiiposili.' l"'"!''
jLis thi' ri'vi'i!-'!' if
[wis ri'iiiarki d thai
fuliiri' synili'illi) '<
nr wlii'i'l", wliiili
', 1,11 the ohjiilv il
Ivor hy Hii niitii'ii'
Ihcir union as lln
lasprriliuH, iiislrwl
" wi'iH- ill I'oiift I' I
111 his flispiisili"!!.
\\ U'niU 'i\» iMisM-.*.
I't Oir hrro. 'I'l*
[thvoiirili' sillily ill
llir ovi'ilhrim il f
■ lonii'il "111' i'») '" I
lil.voliil lo\i.ii*>l
■iiniliiiiiiiil liaiili'l
1,1 y.'t his hf, »»|
L II |„T|irlilill |«f
linlaliM'rilliili
ll of hii« l>i"ll"i''l
fanry
till «iil'
w«H inipoi'
lililil..
|i', anil KiiiipliiK'l
ill Ihi' iliiiriii'ii|
liililiis l«'lilliiii."|
,|i,irr<l (<" I
Jiniili ami (111*1
iulirahli' Plin'i- ill
. iiliitioii; but lior chief drsirc was that which forms the
ii'iost ardent wish of every wife, and esiiecially of every
'i,,j that the renown of her husband should elevate
' id L'ratify her pride. Louis' military career had not
kin witlioiit distinction : his literary productions were
a'dniired throughout Euroitc, for their humane andj cor-
ct principles ; his family name had become the proudest
[ii history — hut he was tlio brother of Naiiolcon, and
ivcry minor light was dimnied by the sun of his glory.
Itotli were therefore far from looking forward to mar-
ri.igc, with that expectation of happiness which mimy
fcul so sciifiihly at the moment of union. Their gloom
was the more obscrvcil, because the domestic incidents
ill tlio first consul's family, had already assumed thoim-
iiorlaiicc of political events. The amhassadors of the
virions powers were all present at a grand ball i;iven hy
Madaiiio de Montcsson in honour of these nuptiali' : and
tluia a Koiirbon's widow acted as mistress of cercmoniis
(, I till' chief of the rrpuhlie. Napoleon, accustonied to
(liiMiiiieer over fortune, and seemingly carch'ss of petty
iiu'oiiL'riiilics, perhaps sometimes felt a secret satisfaction
ill iirodiieiiig the singularity of such contrasts.
Till.' new husband was at least resolved to assert his
iiidcpiiilcnco as far it lay in his power. The first con-
sal otl'ered to ailojit the eldest son, which at that period
was c(|invaleiit to the gill of a iiionarcliy. Louis could
iiiit oppose the advancement of his child, hut lie ventiireil
1,1 refuse his consent to tlio formality of an adoption.
When Napoleon became emiK'ror, all his brothers were
imiiicd as iWBbihle successors to the imperial crown. In the
mean time the most splendid dignities of the empire
wore conlirred on Louis; he appeared at the coronation
IIS constable of France — ho was rieognised as a prince
of the blood — apiminted colonel — general of carabineers
— irflvornor of Piedmont, and governor of Paris. His
sieond son was christened by the pope, who had come
to I'aris to anoint the emperor with the holy oil.
It was at this l)riUiant piirioil of Itortense's lile, that
llio fine collection of lOHiuiirei apjieared, w liieli lia>
riiakid her among the most tasteful of our musical eom-
imsers. The saloons of Paris — the solitude of exile* —
tlie most remote countries — have all acknowledged tin
: .liiirni of these delightful melodies, which need no royal
I name lo enlianee their reputntiim. It is gratifying to
oar priile of eoiiiilry, lo hear these airs of France siiii;i
liv llie lireek Hiid the Kussian, and united to iiatiomil
iiiiilry (111 the banks of the Thames and Uie Ta:;iis. Tin
g I iH^re thus rendered is the more llalleriiig, U'eause the
rank of till eiimposer is usually unknown. It is their
iiiliiiisie merit which gives In those natural cH'nsions of
lliiiale. seiisibilily the power of universal siiecess. If
IJiirltiiKe ever experieiired matriiniinial felieiiv, il must
,ivi' lieen at this lime. The union blessed w iili ehihiren
riiHiianetiiiiied by Providence. I lorleiise had already two
liisaiid lliiis maternal tenderness, eonjmjal anxiety, and
[till' pride of a princess, were all graliliod in their fullest
ixlciit. Fveiy thing around her appeared to relleet
jtl'irv, ri iiowii, and happiness. Josepliine was sealed on
lllieiii^t Ihruiie in the world: l^ngene reigned as a viee-
liiiy 111 Milan ; while the head of this exalled family, a
{kinirof kings, (diilil bestow on his hrolhers, llio monar-
ieliicn raised by his inililary genius, and eonsolidaled by
||h< pdlitieal taleiils. The brows of ll.irleiise seemed
>liiii'ii liir a diadem : Napoleon willed it, and liouis
lUcai.ii: king of llollajid.
CII.\P TDH VI.
In llin year IHO,"!, SchimmeliMniiick had bepii invested
|\\il!illie ttliolo execiilivo power of tlio llatavian repiib-
I', iindirllie title of i;rantl pensionary. Me was pio-
»rly iiiipi'O'^sed with the magiiiliide of the favour reeeived,
kind priiiiiised lo prove his gralilnib'. I'liforliinalely his
|»ii«'ii of policy were soon fuiinil lo Im' In din ( i op|Hisilion
I llioK' of Napoleon. The yrnnd pensionary eiieom aged
llii'liaili' Willi l'iiii>liiid, and the eommereial H|H'eiilatioiis
pf III!' Iliileli were enormously |ir(ifil.ible from llie aliiiosl
hiliid proliiliilliiii of F.iit'lisli iimniifieliires ibroiighonl
iipe. 'I'liH eoniieelioii with tile sworn i iiemy of
rraiice, luid .'<eliiinini'l|M'iiinek's siilcerpient loss of »i^hl,
biiiiliiid siillieient exeiiHes liir tlio eni|H'ror'ri iiili nili d
^hiiivii In llio uovnrnment of llolland, and the llalaviiiii
iiiililie wiiH I reeled into u nioiiarehv. In Miiy, l^llll,
i'i'|nilalioiu'on«iiilingof viee-ailmlrulVerlmel, Ihiieilzen,
linliiUKndor ui PujiH, Viui Slyrenii, minister of Uielr high
Willi, Mii<iniii(> do (ilai'l niul her hiaulifiil frli ml Mnilaiiic
liindiKi, \ti t cilleil lo Ule old r(i"lle of riitiiilnoiit Bar l.ol, ,
Hdiffly ilii. ri'ni(lem-f ol tll'tiin of I'olctlcr^, one of lliclr l*i,v(iiii
' «<IIJ4 \\nn tliiil fill" lllr collilHwed li\ llltl i),li'i'l) of llotllllld.
iililiA* liir iioImiiIIm'II lii'i liiiMMiind )> laoilo -" I'oiik i i|iMnloli>
kiilvifftnoiniv iwiuir«."--lllo iM'll, loiiK uliai t,i(,> i
I'l n HMf » HA l)ite,hi Miidtmi ill itiitl ;> 11.'
mightines.jcs, tiogel, minister of finance, and W. Six,
councillor of state, olfered the crown to Louis in Ixihalf
of the republic; ard on the .5th of Jnnc, the emperor,
at St. Cloud, proclahncd him king of MoUanil— c.intinuing
at tho same time his former ollicc of constable of France.
The first olVer of the throne was met hy an absolute
refusal on the part of Louis; who declared the climate of
Holland entirely nnsuitcd to his weak state of health.
This reply was by no means conclusive : there were
other kingdoms, less cold ami less hnmiil, at !lie disposal
of Napoleon, and in his eyes, the residntion of his brother
api)earcd too extraordinary to be ininiovcablc. It would
have proved so, however, liad not the will of the emperor
iH'en the law. Louis would have preferred a life of se-
elusion: "it is bettor to die a king," was the laconii in-
Bwer of Napoleon. The danger was by no means so r
ininent as Louis would have wished it to appear: t
constitution of the new monarch was, however, exlreim !
delicate,aiid bodily weakness increased Ihe natural gloom
of his sombre and niolanclioly temperament. If the refu-
sal was dictateil by pure philosophy, we cannot hut ad-
mire it, even if our own feelings disable us from imiiation,
In the iieculiar circumstances under which Louis and
Hortense were |dacc.d, they were partners iu fortune as
well as in liappiness. Napoleon was as anxious to bestow
a crown npnii his adopted daughter, as a sceptre on his
brollier. If Louis ad he rod to liis resolution, it was, on
tho part of il.irtense, a sort of abdication, unless the Salie
law, so venerated in France, were abolished in llolland.
'I'he chance of lieconiing a king, might Iherefiire be con-
sidered as a part of their miirria;;e conlract. The force
ol"tliis reasoning was .at leiurtli imderslood by Louis, and
he abandoned this unjust opposition.
Ill the niid.st of Ihe enjoyment of new dignity, and of
benevolent plans for the future welfare of her subjects,
tho happiness of Hortense was clouded by the necessary
separation from her inolher and her home. It was the
first severance for any length of lime, wliieli hadnecnrred
during her whole life. 'I'he prospeet of dopartiire from
Ihe scenes ofinfaiicy now revived all her ehildisli feeliiurs
and atlai limeiits, and the pain thus erealed divided her
lie.irt willi the aiilieipalion (if fiiliire grandeur. She
wished at lea>l, to bid adieu to Fraiici' in a manner wor-
thy of a kind and eompassioiiale princess. She lea.ned
that .Mailamo de (Jevres," a noble lady of the court of
Louis XVI., ruined by the revolulion, had friiilli ssly en-
leavoiireil to (ditain perniission lo revisit the place of her
birlh. Horleiise <:<iiild now feelingly appreeialo Ibis pa-
triolie atlaelmieiit : she tidleited and idilaineil from the
emperor, llie ri call of Madame de (ii'vres, and her liire-
jvell 1(1 her Cdiiiilry was thus eoimneiiiorated hy another
ile'id ol' heavenly charily.
tin the |.'''lh of June, IrOli, Louis and his ipieen ar-
rived in llii ir new dominions. They look up their resi-
dence at the Maison des Itois, a coiinlry seat about a
league from the Hague, where lliey reeeived Ihe v.irioiis
loiigratnlalory depiitalions. 'i'heir pnldie entry into the
eapilal was ilelayed until five days later. Louis was
well known in Holland, wlilili he had visited on former
oeea><i(iiis, and the einiosily of tho Dutch was llierefore
eliielly direileil towards Ihe (pieen, whom Iliey now saw
for the lirsl lime. .\t tin- Hague, as in all other coiiii-
lri( s, love is the pi'omplest and most universal eanse of
jHipiilar I iithiisiasin. Louis was lili^'lily I'slicmed iiiid
veiierati ll, bill fear alwiivs predoiiiiiiales in the respeel
in^pirell by a kini;: whilst a yoiinir and lovely i|iie('ii
I'ascinali s all eyes and wins cm ry Ik art. The llolliin-
ilers who riei ived HorteliMMvilh joyous aeelamalions,
might eiisilv have believed that the fair being lielore
Ihein, had inen created by lieavou expressly for their
sovereign.
Ill her apiM'aranee, Horlense united the fine figure,
noble mien and graceful maiinern of her inolher, lo llie
peeiiliir eliarms of the be:iiilies of Ihe Nellierlnndi — their
soO bine eves — profusion of lair hair— -and daizliii),' com.
plexioii. IliT eiinversalidil displayed the elegance of a
l''reiieliwoiiiaii, in llu' vivaeily, spii|,'lilllness, and appro-
prinle liirn of Inr least expressions. During lor resi.
iknrv lit the Hni;i!e, lliiil soIkt capital pie.senleil an
apiM'ariinee as irav o" il was liiiexpeel( d, in a eoiistaiil
siieeesvion of pnldie I ills and enlerlaiiimenls, at wliieb
llie niosl disliligillshi d \imlli eonlendeil for superiority
In dress and iieeoiiiplislimenls. The dancing of the
ipieeii was perfei lion, and she proinoled ll, i ilelinhtfiil
iimiiseinent, with that true condescension, which pro
duces in every mind the Ibrgivuiiess, liiil never the for
gi'tfiilneNS iif superior rank.
CILM'TEU VII.
As soon as the king had assumed the reins of govern-
inent, he began to use every exertion in his power to me-
rit the atli'ction which his subjects already iirol'essed
from confidence in his virtues. To proiiote sedulously
all the various interests of the country, seemed to him a
certain means of succeeding in his endeavour. " I de-
sire," said he, in reply to a deputation, " to be saluted by
the title of nnlional mnjesly." lie declined the services
of a body of French troops, which had been sent to ac-
eonipany him to his capital; it was his wish that tho
escort of his entry should consist of Hollanders alone.
This delicate proceeding made a very favourable impres-
sion, and its success induced the adoption of further
measures of a similar character. As all the olficers of
llie household were Frenchmen appointed at Paris, it was
natural for the ari..-loeraey of Hidland to view this exclu-
sive preference with deep inortilication : they justly con-
sidered that the duties of weleonie, and atlendance on llio
foreign prince given to lliciii as a monarch, belonged of
right to the natives of the soil. Louis entertained tho
same sentiments, and gradually removed the French, un-
der various pretexts, from all the posts of importance,
which were speedily filled by Hollanders.
Among other dismissions was that of the grand mar-
shal of the palace, M. de Ilroc, whom (ineeii Hortense
had united to her friend Allele Aiiguie, the sisler-inlaw
of Marshal Ney. liOuis despatched him on a messago
of congratulation to Madrid, on the accession of King
.losepli, and as he wiui never recalled, he returned to tlio
French service. Ilis wife remained with Hortense, for
Ihe ipieen could never part from the fiiithfiil depositary
of all her grids; while she repaid the confiilenee with
I hat sympathy so esiential to their endurance. Ifraving
every thing, even the open iiidignalion of the king,
Madame de Ihoc supported her friend, and repelled the
malignant suspicions and insidious caliininies which as-
sailed the reputation of her sovereign and benetiiclress,
.Ml I why should the lies of such an altaehnient ever lie
destroyid ?
A iiist appreciation of his piditical |iosilion, and of tho
decision and perseverance displayed in making every
necessary sacrifice, shows that I.oiiis was loo diHident of
his abilities, when he deelini d a throne ; indeed we doubt
whether any of his brothers could have filled it mori)
worthily. In receiving the invcRlilnre of llolland, there
re but two lines of policy lo he adopted. As a inero
imperial prefiel, Ihe new king was lo sacrifice iiidepcn-
Iciiee by su'ojicling every thing to I''rance, ami lo anni-
liilale the prosperity of a peopk' wholly dependent on
inaritime conimcrec, by fiireing upon lliem the conti-
nental sysleiii ; or on nioiintin;: Ihe throne he was lo as-
iiiiie at once the duties and dignity of a sovereign, and
» such, to act cxelnsively for the welfare of his kingdom.
The foniier allernalive would niiilonliteilly have exeited
iisnrreetion, and to make war on his subjects is, for a
iionareh, but an indill'ereiit style of reiifiiing. The bit-
li r plan was far more honourable; instead of being the
mire insUnment of aiiollier's caprice, it was lo reject all
nbservieney, and lo be really a king. It is true that in
ither ease, llie final eoiisiimmalion would inevilably bu
Ihe oeeiipaliun of Holland by Ihe imperial armies; hut
there is no room fiir sell-reproach when we have followed
Ihe eoiielnsions of reason and Ihe dictates of conscience.
Louis had taken lor his motto, " Do wki.i., i'o.mk what
•M.W."
I'nhappily the king, though the one most inlcreslcil
in deeiiling i'(irr( clly, was the only person who saw
Ihiiilis in this light. 'I'he hi^lii st oliicis, it is Irne, were
lilleil up by nalives of Holland, yet many interior em-
ployments were still in Ihe hands of the French. In
proporlion lo the coldness and dislanie exhibited hy
l.oiiis towards his coiinlrymen, llie ipu i n believed lier-
s( ll'ohligi (I lo increase the consolalidii of i neouragement
and coiirlcsy. The llivoiir she showed was llie more
siiieere, because she really disapproviil of the policy
which rendered ill, ir siliialion so delicate. Placed, in ii
jnaiilier, between her husband and her ailopled liilhir,
she may be pardoiii il for believing in the iiillillibility of
one, whose iron will had wi 11 ininistereil, in every ciiii-
jniielinu, lo Ihe advancenii ill of his glory, (t is Irne that
In es|ioiising Ihe inleri sis of the h'u ndi, she lost nolhiiig
(if the allaelmii III of her siibji i Is, bill the dill'erenee in
Iho behaviour of tho royal pair involved the court in
per|N.|ii.il contesis, The rivalry appaieiil in the smallest
details of the palace iHlrayed this misunilerstandintr, Iho
resiills of which iiiiiNt necessarily be so disaxlroiis lo tlin
general witil.
' 'I'lic 1 1^1 di I ( iiil.iKi ol lUu ctlctimud Dm (iiiii.t.'lln.
Illlr'UI, alaii ndvniiiid nne.
^hu died
ft •;. .' .i- -'i^^
^i&,i-!i'"- i-'^i
l- •; ■'. ' •'
m
i: ,,
■ 1 ■^•■*
,'itt
' .' ^
'""'?'^
' r
■H'
'riiu ^llituliun of Kulluiduiii U' delightful, ll.- uppvur-
160
AIGMOIRS OF HORTENSE BEAi;iIARNAIS.
i* ^\^^%
'.' Ij-
niici; is li:iM(lsii;ji(: and its slrirts |Kirti(Miliirly I'lciiii.
T/U!ic is 11 sii|icrl) road U'adiiijr to tlio ILifriiu, [iluasaiilly
laid out ulijii;r tlio caiiiil, and shaded by fine trees. It
runs tliroiifrli vast meadows, covered with cattle, mid
displaying,' a ver<liirc of the most splendid green. The
view, which would he otherwise inonotonuns, is diversi-
iied l>y .i nuiltitiiilo ol sjiiall country seats, not hnilt per-
liaps with \.\w most corn et taste, bnt pleasinjf from their
rcmarkahle neatness, and llic lieautil'nl -fardens of the
rarest plants, hy which lliey are snrroimded and adorned.
Holland displays a pecnliar character; it is like no-
tliiny^ hnt itself — a eonipiest iVoin the sea, preserved by
the constant re|iair of its dykes. Its inhabitants arc
well provid(.'d with l)ie means of snhsistence and com-
fort, and are extremely conseicntionH in the discliarjfe of
every dniy eoimeetecl with the ;joveriinieiit. Tliey are
br.ive soldiers; Itonaparte has ojienly prnnonnced this
opinion, anil they enjoyed the same eliaracter in the
(lays of 'I'acilns. Their probity is exir.iortlinary : nearly
nil tlieir eontr.iets arc verbal, yet they are as scrnpnions
in the obli^i.itions of conimerce, as in the cnj^'ajfemenls
of liwc or the promises of inarriajje.
An onllini^ of the conrt of IIi;lland may not be inap
propriale. .M. l)'.\rjnson held the post of fjrand cliam-
iM'rlain: Anunstc^ I'anlaineonrt that of {jiand (qnerry.
!\[. l)e Villenenvo was first eliainbcrlain to the ipieen :
his wife, the daii^'liter of M. (Juibert — a lady celeliratcd
liir her wit and Iter line person — was ilumi- du /mliiin,
iM. dc Saii;;ras, chief master of the ceremonies, <lid the
honours of the palaie in an extremely afrreeablc manner.
.M. <le <;irardiii tells ns, tliala ehiMnberlain introduced
him into the labinet of the Uinff, who was clressed in the
iinilorni of the };nanl, white, with crimson I'aeiiiffs. "The
pleasure ol' seeiiifr him aOer a lon'j absence, was dimi-
nished hy my sorrow atohscrvinjr his sallow complexion,
nn nspecl ol'ijcncral lani;uor, and the extreme dilficnlty
ho ex|M'rii'need in walkin;;, and espeeially in standing'.
He liwked so mnch like a man on whom death had sit
his seal, that I tonnd it impossible to restrain tln^ feelinirs
of sadness witli which his appearance oppressed me. My
emotion heeame so strong' lliat it was noticed by his ma-
jesty, an<l drew from him sevenil remarks, tlionf,'li 1 sin-
cerely hope that he was imalile to divine the cause. It
is impossible to know the kin;,' and not to h>V(^ him: he is
ffiflcd with all the inestimable ipialilies that belong to an
upritrht man. 1 was the hearer of two letters; one from
the kin;; of Maples and the other I'rom his mother. He
convi rsed with us a Ion;; time, and expressed };rcat plea-
snri^ at seeiu'; ns a;;.iin. I mentioned that a pa.ssii^fe in
his letter to the (pieen id' Maples, had ;;iv( ii rise to my
journey. ' lie assured,' was ids reply, 'that 1 shall use
every exerlion in my powi'r to be useful to .loseph: what-
ever be|on;;s to me is at his disposal. I am already eu-
ileavonriii;; to raise iimney, lhoii;;h it will be a dillii'iilt
linsiness; lor this country would never lend, iven to .\a-
polenii. Iliiwever, I d i not despair, and shall do my
iiest.' -Ml this was said in that open, frank maimer,
which no di<siinulation, however pnielised, can pretend
to iiiiilale. ' Voiir inajrsly,' said I, ' has just opened a
l.ian, which, I undersi I, is lilliii;; up rapidly. It is a
Hplendid reward of your exertions, and the most tlatti r-
in;r testimony of the popiilarily of your admiiiistration.
I'oslerity will ever remember wilh };ralilMilc, your eon.
Htanl opposiliiin to a natioiiiil bauknipli'v.' ' 1 lake the
more credit to myself,' said the kin;;, 'for ti opposition,
liecansc the me;isure was p;irlieiilarly pressed upon me
liy the emperor. I tonnd it impossible to persuade him,
that in ib ilarin^' bankruptcy, I declared the destruction
nf Holland. .\ll its I'apilal would have iinmi di.ilely
WHI^rht refiiu'c ill KiiLrliiiid, wher iieh of it is eollceled
already. The liirce of circmnstanei s has set on IihiI. a
coiitrahand tradi', which I find it impra<licabh: to sup-
press. This nation is so industrious, that with ii |Hipula-
iion of not iiioi'c than ei;;hleen liundied tlioiis;iiiil souls,
it pays one hundreil iind ten millions. Its debt is sixty
millions, and there is scarcely cnoui;h remainini; liir
Htate ex|R'nscs. Thcii' Is not ii I'Veneh soldier in the
kiii^iloni, yet I am obliged to supply a corps of twenty
IhoiiBimd Dutch troops li.r llii' ;;ranil army, reaeel
iH.accI that must be the yraml objiil of loncpicst. 'I'his
liard work ruins my hi allli, (iirardin; you must find me
very niueli eliaiiL'ed. 1 call scarci ly write: I w;ilk with
(frciit dillieiilly.' — He was eoiiliniially rubliiny his Ic^fs
iind hands diiriic; the whole interview. — ' The climali' of
thin nnmlry is killin;; me. Its hiimidily is very imwhoh'-
Bonic for my eonstilulinn. I nni sorry for it; it is the
noiinlrv of (;ooil I'aiili. 'I'ln re is no ii I here of siiper-
intcndlni; the iidministnilioii: a iniiii, on receivin;; an
nppointuienl, swears that hi' will tiilfil its dolicN lo llii^
Iwat of hi.s ability, und Keeps his word. 'I'lnir niHtoiii.
house oaths are never examined, and are never false. It
is a nation of true republicans, but deeply tinjred with
l>arty spirit : this iircvents them from tbrniiiij; a proper
estimate of each other 1 require u hot cliinute,
and the baths of the south of France.'
" On takin^jr leave of his majesty, wo were informed
hy M. Uouchebcrne, prelect of tlie palace, lliat the kin^r
desired us to lodge in no other house than his own, iinii
that we were to reside in the palace : this iiitellifreiice
WHS ullerwards confirineil by M. de Saugras. Just as
we were about sittinjf down to table, we were invited to
dine with the queen. 'J'he company consisted of an ai<l-
de-camp of Jerome, Madume de Louber, and the little
I'rince Louis.
" The queen was as agreeable and amiuWc as ever. ]
delivered her the letters troin the empress and the (|uecn.
' 1 always like to receive letters,' said she, ' and to be re-
membered. My friends would be ungruteful if they for-
got me, for I never Ibrgct any one. My brother Joseph
ought certainly to be pleased with me ; for, while 1 was
at .Afayincc, I wrote to him frc(|ueiitly, and sent him a
great quantity of trillii.g news, which absence alone ren-
ders ol'the least coiisequeuce.'
" Allcr dinner, we went into the queen's drawing
room. Her apartments arc. furnished with great sim
plicity. Molhing could be 'lore gracious than our recep-
tion, und on leaving tier, she invited us to prolong our
visit lo this country, and to pay our respects to her every
evening. Jtelbrc going to bed, we made ii round of visits
to all the ministers, and returned to nur hotel at ten
o'clock at night, heartily tired. jVll the French about the
king's person are loud in their complaints of the climate:
C'aniaineourt, whose health is iiidilfcreiit, is quite unable
to stand its ell'ects.
" Next d;iy, the liing received us in his cabinet. He
Wiis in the midst of a circle of the great civil and mili-
tary olliccrs. He quitted his plaie for the purpose of
addressing a few words in an obliging niamier to the
dill'ereiit mcinliers of the diplomatic corp.s, and the va-
rious indivichnls who hud the honuiir of being admitted
lo the audience,
" 'I'he court presents un extremely brilliant spectacle.
The dresses of the public ministers and the civil func-
tionaries arc superbly iiubroidered : it seems as if Ihcy
intended to make up lor the long prohibition of embroi-
dery in this country. The great ollicers of slate wear a
green dress, laced wilh gold: the pattern of the trimming
is the sanii^ as Ihatof the imperial household. 'I'hc cliani-
lierlaiiis are dressed in red and gold: the equerries and
prelect in blue and gold. 'J'he diphinuilie costume of
llolland is remarkably rich and elegant: it Is a shade of
very light blue, wilh silver lace. 'I'he decoralion of llu?
Order of Holland has been very extensively distributed:
there are three classes — knights, eomnianders, and grand
crosses. 'I'his sort of distinction has iH'come quite an
object of ambition, in a country where it was previously
wholly unknown. Wherever men arc iiniled in society,
vanity, adroitly tlattcred,is one of the most potent instru-
meiils of the sway ol'the ruler.
" The king generally rick's with a single? pair of horses
to his carriage; it is only on very rare occasions that he
uses a coach and six. Whenever he goes out, the ecpurry
on duty mounts his horse, and takes his place near the
door."
CHAI'TF-.R Vni,
ralaniity re nniled liOiiis and Horlensc, and reslorcd
lor a time diunestic: concord, by overwhelniing them
with misforlime. In the iMgiiiniiig of May, IWI7, the ir
eldest son, the yomig rriiice Na|Hileon, was Buddeiily
carried olf by the erimp; a disca-c' of which even the
name was, until then, unknown in Fruncc,
'I'hc grief of llortensc, which was vehemenl in pro.
porlion to the strength of mind it had ovcrciime, excited
serious apprehensions for her life. It brought on a se.
ri s of nervous attacks, that inspired pity in all whc
approaehed her. The? dislress of l.oiiis was not bss
|Kiii;naiit, though more gloomy and under better eoni'
maiid. Their physicians at length reconimended the
baths ol'the ryrenees; |H'rlia|n< cpiile as inueh to remove
them I'roiii the reminisci nee s of their lost clitlel, as I'or
liny medieal properlie^s likely to be useful in tliu rcstora
lion of their lieallh.
It is one of the? hiirtlii'ns of royally, that a monarch
can neilher I'lijoy nor NiiU'er like a private ineliviehiMl
eveiy mo.nent willidniwii from duty, to Ik' di'voliil to
pleasiiii' or sorrow, is marked hy n public lews. Tin
Dnte h Kympalhiseel loo de i ply in the iilllielion of llicii
Miveieijiiis to ninnnur at liieir seeking iiinsohilioii in
the variety of liavd: but, nnleirtlinately, Ihongh I.iillis
liad reiidercd them liappy by the equitable polie:y of jij,
personal government, yet he could not prevent ilie juji
grounds of complaint that arose from the measures (,{
Napoleon, who administered the affairs of his kingdom
during his journey.
The emperor availed himself of this opimrtunity to in.
troduce into Holland the measures of policy adopted m
his own territories. The chief resources of (ireat llrj.
tain were eleriied from her conimerce VN'itli the contiiiini
which was the outlet for the immense jiroduets of h,!
tiietoricB. Collecting by her ships the raw material nf
every country, she ailerwards laid all Euro|K! iiniler trui.
Iribution by returning them in a manufactured shai,,
By closing this outlet the sources of her prosjierity wi n
dried up, and her most vital interests endangered. Siiri,
was the Continental System. 'I'he opposition in Hnllain)
to its introduetion sunk under the absolute will of i\a|«i
Icon, and the ministers of Louis obeyed with reluctiinn
and sorrow.
'I'he inhabitants of the eca-ports, deprived of the n.
sources of luwfid commerce, attempted to suhslilulrjn
illicit trallic. The emperor became irritated, and wdnlj
liave made terrible examples of the guilty, hut for Hi
return of I^ouis, who exercised the richest prerogative c<
royally, by pardoning the criminals. This clciiiiinv,
with his courageous huniiuiity at the time of thedi.Wr
at Leyden and iluring several inundations, endeared Inn,
still more to his subjects. 'I'he contraband trade, lirn.
cvi'r, was greatly uugnicntcd hy the impunity nf ilj
first olfcndcrsj and Napoleon, deeiJy incensed by il,,
op])ositioii to his authority, began to entertain unfriiiiilK
ll'elings towards his brother, and to project seriousli
the union of llolland and France,
On her return from the ryrenees, Hortense was ytr.
vented from proceeding to the Hague', by her pcciilinrlv
delicate state of health. She suli'crcd from giiur)!
weakness, and hud but partially recovered from the mr.
vous attack, brought on by the recent shock. Hit el<.
mestic happiness jiad been also much disturbed by Hi,
political di.sputes of her linsband and the emperor. Cah
inities from without strike equally the: prince and tl»
peasant in their domestic recoil. 'J'he gloomy teiii|Hrir|
Jiouis, exasperateil by the importunate demands nf liij
brother, no longer |M'rniittcd him to be kind to a wilr,
who cspeniseil or excused every measure dictated by the
policy of France,
Napoleon's grounds of complaint are contained in j
letter addressed to the king of Holland in 180H, on lli.
occasion of the pardon of the smugglers, 'J'liis liislon-
cal document is too important to be here omitted; liri!
forms a valuable ap|K'ndix to the account of his aeliiiiiiif.
tration given to the; public by iifiiiis, and has u dirui
bearing on cvi^nts deeply and .'atally inllucneing tlic ilt.<.
tiny of tiuecn Jlortense.
Chdttnu lie Manir, Aiiril 3<l, IMk'?
Sir, and my brother, — Within the last hour 1 riiTivii!
your despaleli of the lilJd March, from thee .Xiidiiui
D— t, anil the courier, who will k'ar you my reply, sels
out for Holland immeuliately. 'J'he use you hiive iiiaili
of the power of pardon, must inevitably produce? Iiiiilif.
fects. 'J'he power of parikiii is one of the finest ami
noblest attributes of sovereignty : bnt to save it I'mii
eonleinpt, it sheinld only be exireiseil when the iiuni
of the; sovereign is no riproaiJi lo the act of the' jihIl'!—
vlieii the royal eh'ineney can inspiri; none but geiicrniii
and gralefeil sentiments, lint the priseul ease is HulIt
dill'ei'enl. .\ tniop of banelilti attack and innrdeT a {nrh
of custom-house oll'ieers, in order to smuggk' wilh in*
impunity : — they are conelemneil to di'atli, and yoiirim
Ji'sly are'eirds them a pardon — a pardon to onti'iislji inn!
assassins wlioni no one |iili(?<l! Had these men Inn
merely taken in llie act of smuggling — hail they ivfji
liiurdered your olheiTH in self ilefeuei' — lliiii the' ik »lilii!r
eondilion of their families, und the' particular rirum
stances of the? elei'd, inii;lit have" Ik'CIi taken iiilii nniN-
iliralion, and the' mitigalion «d' the rigeiiir of Ilie In
would have gaineil for yeieir geivernme'iit an ap|«.'iriii"'
of paternal kiiiehiess. In remitliiig the? pe iiiilty i^l
crimes against lise'nl law.s, and es|He'ially in llii' 'i
givene'HS of |M>lilieal oU'eiiees, nicrev is well ln'iilcnn
The? great principle' is, that when the sovereign ^[►|
si'lf is the oiije'et of the crime, then ilemi'ney licr.iii«'
iidiiiirable. On llii' first rmiiour ufan nccusatioll iillli'l
iinliire, piiblii' opinion is arrayed on the f iile of tlir
prit, and not in siip|iorl of the t'xeciitivc wliiili is lo
Ibri'e' the law. Slionid the? prifiec remit the puiilsliin
the pe-ople eoiiHieler him supe'rior lo the' otli'iire, and I
iuiligii.'.lion is III! 11 e xe ileel :egainst the oU'eniler: vin'il
he pnrmi' an op|Misile leiiirse, he is re prolmteel ii» nn
presLor and ii lyninl; but if hi' piirelon iilrocioii?' 'ii™
nnls, he m < einte nmeel leir IiIr weakness, or Imle il Inr li
w^^apia*^ ^ffiiiii®® ®i2B®wm^sair^ iiti^e^iimT^
Ic potii-y 111' liis
ii-cvenl tin; jii,,|
he mcasuri's (,\
of his liiiigdom
)|)ortuiiily to in.
nlicy nddptid in
js of tircut llri.
itli the contiinT.l,
products of ill r
raw niiitcrial nf
liroIK! UIHltr Kill.
ufeictiireil slian,
• prosperity \nrt
Klunijerfd. !<iiiii
silioii ill Hollanil
ute will of Nn|«t
i with reliictaiici
!])rivcd of tlio n.
li to sulistitulc an
■itated, mid WdulJ
uilty, hut for lli
lest proro);iitivc i<
This cliiiR'iiiy,
imeof thedisaslit |
oils, endcnrid liuii
abaiid trade, limv.
; impunity of thi |
f incensed liy tin
itcrtain unfrieiiilly 1
) project seriously
Ilortense w;is ]irf.
, by her peculiarly I
•red from KciiiTall
fcrcd from tlu! m r. I
it shock. Ihr *
h disturlied liy lln
ihe ciiilK-ror. Cab,
tlin prince m»l tlit I
e j;looniy teiniHriil
ate deinnndH of lii>
( be kind to ii wilr,
auro dictated by tlit
nre contnincil in > |
lid in IHOH, on 111.
lers. This liistmi' j
lere oinitlid ; Hi
uint of his lulniim! I
, and liiiH a (liriil|
iilUicnciiig the ilts-
.,Al>rin,l, Irtl^
|last hour I rcrcivn!
from the AuiliH
. you my reply, Hti
use you have luailt
llily produce Imilif
1. ("if the flliot awi
[it to save it fii'iii
ll wlli'ii till' nuri;
net ofthe jiiilti-
, none but piiii rw»
Ic.^rlil I'asi' is wiiUy
liiid inurdiT a iwri)
lsmu(r(;le "il'i i"*
lleath, and yiairiK
lliin to ouleanlK mi^
ll these iPii'ii l«",
l„|r_had lliiy rvn
|_lhenlhi'<l(slil»l'
particular I'imra-
11 taken inl" i'"ii'n
ri|riiur of ll"' I"
lieiit an ap|Karawtl
Vr Ihe piniilty;'
■cially ill <!"' ' "
is well U'fUn
llhe wivrrei(!a l»f-|
ejeinilicy l«''"i'
In aecusMtiiin iil'Hi'l
Ithe f ide of tlif '■'*!
live which i» I"
Lit the puiii»!anf»>
Ve nlVeiirr, iimlll""
le elVeudir; flu*
probated as iin
,11 iiliiH-iiiii.. iiim
,„•, or liuli ll I'rr M
VOL. !•
rHILAl>KL.l'lllA, MAKCIt 'M, INIl:).
NO. II.
rHlvmo AND PeousiiKU BV .^DAM WALDIi;, Sn. li, Niiaru ElciilTll Strekt, I'llli.inKi.iMin— A r .$5 I'nr M niiiiibi rs, pnyalilii in advance.
R. &. (t. 9. wool), I'RINTUKS AND FCBLlSIIKRS, NkW YoRK,
Sole Asi'nls and I'nlilishcrs liir Hie siacu ol' Now Vork anil all tliu \iiw Englaml stales.
I'MKDMX N. WlHJl) & fO lt.iiinsKi,i.»R9, Haltimoiik,
Soto .Aseiila for Iho eiati'sol' .Marylanil, Virainiu, anil Uiiin, ml ilierityof \i:w Orleans.
evil intentions. Vo not imagine that mercy is a prero-
cativc which can be always wielded without injury, or
that society applaud.s its constant employment. On the
contrary, the community coiidcmnH its exercise on sig-
nal offenders, bocaiiso it then liccomcs destructive of
social order. Vou have made use of this right too fre-
nuciitly and too indiscriininatcly : you sliould be deaf to
your heart's benevolence, when it incites to acts detri-
mental to your subjects!. I should have imitated your
conduct with regard to the Jews, but I would never have
pardoned the Middleburgsmuirglers. In the latter case,
tliere were many reasons why justice should have been
allowed to take its coiB-sc, and by the terror of such an
exfcntion to attain the excellent effect of preventing fu-
ture crimes. Koyal officers had been massacred in the
middle of the night; the murderers were condemned;
yet your majesty commnfes the punishment for a few
year:*' imprisonment, and the inevitable result will be
ibund in a complete discouragement of the collectors of
the revenue.
Let me now explain the political tendency of this
measure. For many ycurs past, Holland has been the
channel through wliieli England lias introduced its ma-
nufactures into the continent, and this branch of trade
has been immensely profitable to its merchants. For
this reason the Dutch arc attached to smuggling and fa-
vour England, and fiir this reasmi they hate France, who
prohibits smuggling, and wars against England. Tlie
pardon yon have accorded to tlicse murdering revenue-
breakers, is a kind of ileference paid to the lovo of Hol-
land for contraband trade. It seems as if you made
cominon cause with them ; but against whom ? Against
iiiyseifl
The Hollanders are ntlaehod to you. Your manners
arc plaui ; your disposition mild : your government suit-
cd (0 llii'ir views. Were you to show yourself firmly
rtsnlveil to put down all illicit traffic — were you to ex-
plain to your subjects thrir true position — you would
then employ your inlluencc with discretion, and they
would bcli've the continental sy.^tcm a lienetit, iK'eaiisc
it would be upheld by tlnir king. I cannot discover
what advantage your majesty proposes to yourself,
from popularity obtained at my cxiiense. The days of
Uyswifk are gone by in Holland, and France is no lon-
ger in the last years of Louis XIV. If Holland be un-
able to pursue an indeiiendenl |iolicy ; she has no alter-
native but to adhere to the conditions of her Blliance
with I'rnnee.
'riie|(olicy of princes, my brother, must ever regard
the future, and not the mere exigencies of the passing
day. What is the present condition of Europe ? On
the one hand is England, jiossesBing alone n pre|)onder.
nnce to which the whole world has hitherto Uoti obliged
taHubniit: on the other nre llie French empire and the
powers of the rontineiit ; who, with the force of union,
ran never submit to the s|iccies of Buprt'inacy exercised
liv lireal Itritaiii. All these nations forinerly possessed
rojnnies and liireign cominerie : Ihe extent of their sea-
Ixard is iiineh greater than that of I'liijland ; but iinfor-
liinatilv tlicy have been always disunited. (Jreat Uri-
lain has nltieked tluir navies in detail — she liastriiiinph-
ccl on every sea — and all their maritime forces are
iloytroyeil. With all the resources fur shippiiig and sea-
men, of Kiiisia, Sweden, France, and Spain, notasrpiad.
ron dim viiiliire from their roadsteads. It is nohinger,
tlien, iViMii a league of the mnritiine |iowers — a roufede.
raey wliieli is moreover impraetieable, tVoin distance and
Ininllieling iiilerest.s — that i;iiro|H' must ex|><KH commer-
li'Ird iiide|H iiileiici^ mid estiiblished jwaee : they can only
Ibe di'i'lareil by Ihe will of England.
IVacel 1 desire to obtain it by every mo.ms ennsistenl
Iwilh the iliifiiity of I'rance : liir jH-nce, I will sacrifice all
jliut nalioiiiil hiiiiiiiir. ('".very day I am more and more
Irniivineed nl'ils neees^ilv, and lie iitlier powers wish fiir
Ian inneli as I do. I riitertnintinvards England, neither
liiniiry |iii'juiliee nor implaeable liat"'il. Her |»)licy In-
Iw.iiiia ine has Is-en the piiliey of rr;- on: on my purl,
llhave retali.itid by a system of exclii i ; not so much
Ifrnin tbeiiiiibitioiiH views alleged by my eiiemii'H, ns to
Ifnree till' llritish eaiiiiii'l In terms. I am iM'rfeetly eon-
llriit Hint i'liiglnnd vIimiIiI be rich and prosiierniis, if
iKrinri' mid her allies are ns rich niid pro«|ierous ns Eng-
Ihml. 'I'hii'" the eontinenlnl system has no other endlh«ii
po urerlfrnie n final srlllemcnt of mlrrnnlionil law, us
m:w -Knii;o — 1 1
well for the French empire as for Europe. All the
northern sovereigns maintain a rigorous prohibitive poli-
cy, yet their commerce has increased wonderfidly: the
fabrics of Prussia in particular already begin to rival our
own manufactures. You are aware that France itself,
and all the extent of coast from the Gulf of Lyons to the
head of the Adriatic, now an integral part of the empire,
are absolutely closed against the products of foreign in-
dustry. I am now about to take such a share in the afl'airs
of Spain, as will wrest Portugal from the influence of
Great Uritain, and place the Spanish (wrts under the full
control of the French political system. Tims the whole
seaboard of Europe will be shut ag.iinst the English, iur
I exclude the Turks, who have no commerce with the
rest of the eontinem.
You will perceive from this abstract, the fatal consc-
quences of the facilities afforded by Holland to Great
Britain for introducing her manufactures into Europe.
It affords her an opportunity of raising from ourselves
the sulisidics with which other nations are paid to attack
us. Your majesty is more interested than I am, in guard-
ing against the trickery of English diplomacy. A few
years' patience, and England will desire peace as earnestly
as her enemies.
Again, if you consider the position of your states, you
will discover that the continen'.al system is less beneficial
to me than to yourself. Holland is essentially a commer-
cial and maritime [wwer. She possesses capacious har-
bours, fleets, seamen, skilful officers, and colonies which
cost the mother country nothing. Her inhabitants, too,
have as much ability in commerce as the English. Has
not Holland all this to protect ? May not peace restore
Inr to her ancient importance I (irantthat her situation
for a few years may be painful : is it not better than that
the monarch of Holland should be a mere English gov-
ernor, and his kingdom and colonics the appanages ol
Great Britain 7 Any encouragement given to the trade
with England must tend directly to this result. .Sicily
and Portugal are lieliire your eyes,
Let events take their course. If you arc obliged to
sell your gin, England is obliged to buy it. Point out
places where it can be obtaiiieil by the British smugglers
in return for hard money, but never for merehaiidi-.e :
neter — i/ou umlentnnd me. Pence will come nt last,'aiiil
then a treaty of commerce will be signed with England.
Very probably I may cnnelude one too, but our iniifual
interests shall be guaranteed. If wo should be ohli;ud
to allow England her maritime supremacy, purchased at
the expense of so much blood and treasure; a preponde-
rance, moreover, to which she is entitled by geograiihi-
cal situation, and her territorial acquisitions in three
ipiarters of the globe; ul least our vessels will bo able to
navigate the ocean withniit tire livir of insult to their flag,
and our foreign commene will cease to lie ruinous. The
main object now is, to prevent England from interfering
in the polities of the continent.
This business of the pardons has drawn me into long
details, which were nei.'cssary to obviate erroneous impres-
sions, if any such had been instilled into your majesty by
a Dutch ministry. I request you to reflect seriously on
this letter — to make the matters of which it treats a sub.
jeet of delilK-ration in your councils, and through your
ministers, to give a corresponding impulse to the admin-
istration of the gnvernnii'iit.
France will never perniit Holland, under any pretext,
lo si'cedo from the general caii.so of the continent. As
for the smugglers, since the fault has already liren emn-
mitled, and there are no means of recalling the past, I can
only advise you not to leave them in the prison of Mid-
dlebiirg, wliieh is too near the scene of their crime : send
them lo the otiier end of Holland."
The insertion of this letter seemed neressnry lo exhi-
bit the true siliiatinii of Lniiis in Holland. Hnrnssed
by the ciinHtaiit iinporliiiiities of his brother, the rcae.
linii of his vexation was loo orten felt by the queen.
Wns she then Hiillieienlly indulgent 7 Did she feel that,
iiotwithstMiiding Ibe inlerinrily of his genius, her lius.
band could not yiehl, without pain, lo views of jHiljry
iliaiiielrieally op|Hwite lo his own 7 She probably en-
dured ns long ns it was in her |Hiwer, the miseries of an
union withoiil syinpnlliy ; hut she wns unhappy, and
power wilhniil haiipiness has no ehnrms sn- c for file iiii.
feeling and ambitious. The heart of Horlcnso had liceii
cost ill nnolhor and a far different mould.
CHAPTER IX.
TiOuis soon grew weary of his capital, and removed
the court to L'Irccht, hoping to escape from his own dis.
guvt and chagrin. To change of place — Ihe first remedy
suggested by unhappiiiess — the king, in his new abode,
sought to add the relief of gaiety. In addition to tlie
ordinary parade of a court, there were fl-equently small
social parties at the palace ; and public bails, attended by
the best society of the province : but in all these assem-
blies, seemingly devoted to pleasure, the languor and
monotony impressed by the absence of the queen, were
but too apparent. All remembered the charm with
which her wit and vivacity had enlivened the circles of
the Hague, and all regretted the fascination that ever
surrounds a young, affable, and beautiful princess.
Louis was soon dissatisfied with his residence at
Utrecht He found the town to be too thinly peoided
to supply suflicient movement and variety to the court
circle. Its inhabitants were chietly retired merehnnts,
living quietly on their incomes, who were annoyed by
the turmoil wliich thus interrupted their old established
habits. While these showed hut li'lle gratitude for the
preference of their sovereign, the citizens of the Hague,
on the other hand, were enraged by his ifesftrtion. Either
to suppress murmurs, or to indulge once more the lovil
of change, Louis returned again to the north of Holland,
where the industry and wealth of the nation were chiefly
entered. Amsterdam was finally fixed upon, and re-
eeivcd officially the merited title of capital of the king,
dnm.
-\s Holland stifl continued to import great quantities
of English nicrcliaiidi.se, the cause of tlic emperor's dis-
pleasure was by no means removed. Louis wns invited
to attend a congress in the city of Paris, of i.ll the save,
reigns in nllianee with Napoleon. \\p wa.s perlectly
aware of the reproaches that nwi^ited liini, and of tin)
projeels of his brother; but he knew also fh,-t when the
inde|iendeiiee of a sovereign is tiiisupported hy inititary
Torces, resistance to colossal power is a mere saeritiec of
the will'are of his siilijeefs. In flie end of N'oveniber,
|HO:i, the king of M'llland repaireil to Paris, i,i the vain
hope' of averting tlie .storiiv he fill himself unable to with.
st.-md.
Louis liad little reason to look for a fralermil rcccptinn,
wlien he ennsiilered Ihe uniVieiidly relations subsist iiig
between France and Holland, and the tiiortilieiitiniis
heaped upon him under l!io sanetinn of the emperor.
It happened cpiite otlierwi.se. .Nnpuleon leeeived his
brother gracinusly, and in a manner expressive of sineero
and ardent friend,sliip. The king was at onee surprised
and moved ; pniiip and etiquette were laid aside, and the
kindest nUect ion replaeeil the stiffness of royal dignity.
It was a meeting of brothers after a long and painliil
estrangement, 'i'lie pleasure of rcconeilialiun enunisred
aH their thoughts, and pulilic affairs were never inention.
ed. Still the 'g would have desired an open and
unhesitating (lis, ' >e on the various interests which had
so long divided tht -o n.itions, for past events rendereil
him suspicious, and the silence of Napoleon lell little
room for self deceit. The eareliss manner in whieli
he was treated, soon gave liiin lo understand that Ihe
demands on Holland would be mere subjei Is of official
coinmiinienlion — that he was not to be consulted — and
that no pains would he taken to secure his approbation,
or to ascertain that the mensurca proposed accorded
with Ihe interests of Ilnlland.
These gloomy presentiments were soon but too fully
rcalistil.- The speech of Napoleon lo Ihe ligislativo
Imily announced the sad destiny of Holland. The king
would probably have enlered his solemn protest liefire
the assembled sovereigns, but care had been taken lo
exclude him (Voni the invitation which emhraeed all the
oilier allies of Ihe eni|>crnr. The danger beennie every
day more imminent : Louis nt length resolved to return
privately to his kingdom, and to resist Ibe violent en-
ernachmenl* of his brother, if resistance were yet [Hissi
hie. The secret orders given fiir his departure were
eommunieated to Ihe emperor, and the king, on his part,
aseerlnined that he was eonslniilly wnlehrd by disguised
iillicers of the police : one of them, an old soldier nf the
nrtli regiment of dragoons, having discovered himself lo
bin former colonel, Louis dissimulated, and ho]iing In
elude the vigilnncBof his guards, feigned tola! ignorance
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of tliij systuiii ol" oli:ii'rviiti(in ; but every hope proved
vain — i'vury iil;in vv.is a tiiilurc. Neillicr corniplinn
nor adilress coiiUI cxlrieiito liiiii IVoni tlie toils in wliicli
lie was involved, and no resource was left better llinn a
discjiiised flii^lit- A man more robust and resolute than
liouis, niiijlit liave (|uilled Paris at niirlitlall — mounted
Ilia horse at tlic gates — and escajied at lull speed ; but
tliouyli si ill yoiine, the doubtt'nl health of the kinj; pre-
vented all tliouixhts of so hardy nn enterprise. He re-
Bolved to despatch one of his attendants secretly to Am-
sterdam, with positive orders to the minister of war to
break the dykes, place the country in a complete state
of military preparation, and by every possible exertion
to prevent the French forces trom oceupyiufr the capi-
tal. Napoleon, who was soon informed of these mea-
Kures, made bitter complaints to the kinj^, and gave
way to the most furious passion. Louia opposed
firiimess to violence, and when driven to e.vtreinily,
avowed openly that the defensive preparations had been
undertaken by his express command. " I have been
ileceived," was his bold exjiression, " by promises which
were never intended to be ke|)l. Holland is weary ol
being the puppet of I'Vaiice." The emperor, enraged by
a dignified oi)positioii to which he was wholly unused,
was violently excited ; Louis met him with tlie (juiel re-
fcignation and composure of a good conscience. Napo-
leon ipiiekly recovered himself, and becoming suddenly
c.ihn, informed the king coldly, that he must choose be-
tween the union of Holland to France, or the innnediale
rcvoealion of bis warlike instrucUons, and the removal
of his minister of war.
This result had been the conslimt object of the king's
most lively apprehensions: it was Ibis <li'adly blow
wliieh 111! had endeavoured most espcn illy to shun. The
iin(ieriiius necessity of his situation compelled nubmis-
sioii, and loreed him to eoiiiply with the demands of
those who were armed with irresistible power. In liis
inniosi heart, the noble design was still elierished, of
proteetiiiT his dominions from their iinniinent diinger :
but to ft!' e) tins, it was lir.-t necessary to escape Iroiii
the species of enptivily in wliieb he was held, ilis re-
newed alti'inpls to elude the vigibinee of his domestic
spies, were regularly thwarted. I'liiler pretence of the
respectful del'erenee due to his exalted rank, their at lend-
aiice on his persnii was constant, and they parlieiil.irly,
hut with the utmost politeness, ep[)osed all his excursions
in the direition of the gate of Flanders,
The tirsl wpeii act of usurpation undiTtaken against
Holland, was the oceiip.itinn of the fortresses of liiTgcn-
op-/')oni and lireda by the iMarshal Duke of Heg:;io,
witboul the knowlc d::e of tlie king; at the Mime lime
the eiii|ieror proidnimed the union to France of the
whole eouiilry lietween Ibe A[eiise, the Seluldt, and the
ocean. 'J'lie enptive inonareb, incapable of armed resist-
Hiiee, pulilislp il a protest against lliis tlagrant infraelioii
of every prineiple of inlernational law.
His health was so far iiU'i eled by these various dis-
turbances a!:d vexation:-, that liir some time he was con-
fined to his bid by a nervous disease. All llie ilill'i piil
moiiarehs then ussinibleil in I'aris, hastened to visit him :
Napolioii alone was absent, iinil this apparent indilVer-
C'lCe deeply wounded the feelings of his sensitive bro-
ther. At length the emperor came, and accosted him
with tlie iitmo-l Kindness; but thi' eonverHalion liirrted
ontirely upon iiidilVerent topics, without the .slightest
mention of polities.
As soon as his health would permit, the king under-
took a short jiiurney, lor the purpose of Bettliiig his
position on the score of restraint, lie proceeded to hi
chateau of St. Iicii, -vlierc the ipie>ti<ai was resolved b
his disappointment and morlifieatiou. 'I'he incnsure of
RHcriliee was not yit lillnl : concessions tar more iiii|iorl-
nnt llian lliosc already made, were still to beexaded,
As iisn il, l.ouis began by resistance and ended in sub-
mission. It was the only means to retain a Hovereignly,
of wliiili he was less teniicious from personal, molives,
tliuii from anxiety to preserve the plaeu of Holland
nmoiig the iiide|Miident powers of Fiiro|K'. Much was
yielded, llioiigh with ilcep regret. Fvery thing thai
was not lost, M'eini.>d a clear gain in these unhappy ne-
Koliatioiis. At b inrlli the eon'lant watching of bis per-
nun coiiKcd : NapoUon liiiame kind when nil his de-
mnniU were conceded, an ' ■vcn endeavoured to remw
llieir I'oriiier allVetion. Alln ni absence which, instead
of lasting one month, had been prolonged to four, lionis
look his (Irparliire from France. His afilielioli at this
prolraelid Hcparalioii from his kingdom, may well be
imagined, but i very mnow was forgotten iis he approaeh-
pd onco inori hi . adopted roimtry, liiHclieriRheil Holland.
TIlP higlie-t < njoymeni of n monareb, the deliyhl ol
dominions. Dark rumours, hinting that he would never
riturn, had been long circulated, and tlic scnsatii n [iro-
duccd by his re-appearance was the more entlmsiuslie
in proportion to its being unexpected. The queen also
was immediately looked lor. Iler residence at Paris
bad been but little happier than her husband's, for the
same ambition which excited Napolcon'H aggrissiont
upon Holland, had also inspired the project of an impe-
rial aUiancu with the house of Ausiriu. Motives seem-
ingly the most opposite, governed the deeds of Ibis ex-
traordinary man. Allcr routing the armies of Francis
in a hundred battles — after two entries us a conqueror
into the German capital — he rejoiced in consummating
the humiliation of his enemy, by extorting his coiiBcnt
to the marriage of his daughter. It seemed also to the
fortunate soldier, that an alliance with the oldest ami
haughtiest dynasty of lOurope, would seat liini legitimate-
ly on his uninheritcd Ihronc.
A second marriage being decreed, it becnmc neces-
sary to annul the first. Long before any direct expres-
sion of the imperial will, the quick sighted courtiers had
<liscovered Napoleon's intenlioiis; which were allovvid, in-
deed, to osca|K! by degrees, as if to prepare the |)ubHe
mind, and the feelings of the individuals mo.st deeply
interested. In this he was unsuccessi'ul. A palace bcl-
doni eoiitaiiih the courage or the indiscretion that vv ill
convoy unwelcome intelligence to the sovereign, before
it assumes an ofi'icial shape. Notwithstanding alt the
precautions of her husbnnd, the heart of Josephine was
so long a stranger to liislrusi, that even at the fatal iiio-
ment of explanation, the blow inepared by the niaiiu.u-
vres of many weeks, and aimomiccdtlirough every ehiii
ncl, came at liisl, with tlie suddenness and severity of an
une.vpecled shock.
As early as a journey to Fontaiinhlcau, in 181)7, the
word ilitniTi: had been eautionsly whispcnd by the olVi-
eers of the imperial hou.sehold. A sudden death had
carried oli'lhe eldest son of the queen of HoUaiiil; a los
dee]ily regretted by Napoleon. \Vhen only seven yen is of
age, the child exhibited a most promising disposition,
gnat mildness of temper, and an aptitude of character,
capabk' of receiving the noblest impressions. The first
born of tlie new dynasty had excited and preserved all
tlie solicitude and alfcelion of its founder, who bad given
liim bis name, and had , roposed adoption. Napoleon
indiilgi'd the hope of stipcriiitending his education, and
f making him ultimately the heir of his power: wit!.
IIk' death of this eliildcamc probably Ibe first Ihoiight of
centering in himself and bis direct line, the hopes and
heritage of so many vietorie-.
.Mil r the conli'renecs of Schocnbrunn, the idea of a
Uivorce bad obtained i oui|ilite possession of the mind of
Napob'oii. t)n bis rclnrii to Fraiiee alliT the conclusion
of peace, ho proceeded directly to Fonlainebleail. His
Journey bad been so well arranged, that he arrived muiiy
hours liclorc the empress, who had quitted .Srasburg,
and bad been more tliaii a month at Paris. Tliisi delay
produced severe rcproaelu's on the part of Napoleon,
who was seeking excuses for his coiuluel, even to him-
self.
" Three days after our arrival at FonUiincblcau," R:iys
an ofiicer of the household who has since published his
iiiemoirs, " I observed some traces of sadness upon ihe
brow of .losi'iibine, and iimcli less freedom in Napolion's
manners towards her. One morning, after breakfasi,
the empress did \m\ the honour to converse with me in
the recess of a window in Inr cbnmber ; and after .sonic
commoii jilifce questions res|H'eliiig our stay ut Selii.en-
briinn, ami the maiiiier in which we passed our lime
llierc, she said to me, ' .Monsieur i\v Ikiussct, 1 have great
conlidi nee in your attachment to iiie : I hope you will
reply vv itii sineerily to the qiieslion I am about lo ask Von.
I assured her of my readiness to give her all the iiiliir-
iiiatiiin in my power, and thai I felt at greater liberty to do
so, because nothing had been cnlriislcd to ine vvhieli
could bind me to i-ilenie. 'Well, llien, if you know the
reason, tell iiic why Ibe private eoiiniiunication bilvvceii
my apartment and that of the emperor has been closed.'
' I was entirely ignorant of il, madam, until your present
assiUMiicc of llie ft\v\, I only know that some repairs
wile eonimcnecd, and that lliey have bee n suspeiuled in
eoiiMipieiiec of the eiiipi ror liiiv iiig relmiied iiiiieh sooner
than be was cxpecled. Probably they did not imagine llial
III' vvoulil take 11)1 his residence at Foiitaincbleaii ho late
in III!' season. Vour majesty may pcricive from tl
manner in which some of your nparlinents are fiirni lied.
Hint things are not yet compli ted.' Siieli was my
answer, and in truth 1 sbonlil jiavii been much embar-
riiff-ed had I made any other, fi>r Ibis v^'HH not the liini
lo »|K'iik of my iirivale oIim rvations. 1 shall m ver fiir-
witnosBin([ thu joy uf Iuj bubjnct:<, Hwuilod Louin ill liisUct tlio lual wotd* whicli tliii cstimablu princMs condv
sccnded lo address to me: 'He assured, M. de Uausst,
that there is some mystery in all this.' This convi'rs;i.
Ii( n only served lo strengthen the inq ressioiis I lir.il re.
ccived during the negotiations at Schocnbrunn, altluiii|;li
1 could not forcsi e tlio period of the calastroplu, aur
how it would be brought about. I was soon better in.
formed."
" The king of Saxony arrived at Paris on the lUlh of
Nnveinber, and their majesties left Fontainebleau on tlie
I4tli. Napoleon performed the journey on horselradi,
and immediately after his arrival, he ]iaid a visit lo the
king, who occupied the palace of I/Elysec. The pre.
sence of this virtuous monarch at Paris soinetinics in.
tcrrupted tlicir privacy, but the embarrassment of iSa.
|>olcun increased proportionably with the uneasiness and
vague forebodings of the empress. She ap|)cared to lia\c
a strong jircscntiinent of upprouching misfortune, audio
be gathering her striiigth lo support its bitterness vvilli
tbrtitude.
" 1 was on duty at the Tuileiics, after the 2Ttli of
November. On that day, and on the succeeding Tuts,
day and ^Vcdnc^<lay, I could easily observe a gri'at
change in the features of the empress, and a mute coii-
strahit in the manners of Napoleon. If during dinner,
he nroke the silence, it was only to ask me sonic brief
question, without listening to my reply. On each of
these days Ihe dinner was over in less than ten miiiiiltj.
At length, on Thursday, the 3Ulh, the storm burst. Tli.ir
majesties sat down at table ; Josephini! wore a larjc
white hat, which was lied under the chin, and conccaKii
a great part of her face. I thought 1 could perceive tlwi
she bail been weeping, and that she still restraineil Ikt
tears with dillieulty. She ajipcarcd the image of iiriel
and despair. The most profcund sib nee reigned durinj
the whole meal, and the dishes were louelnd out of ame
form. 'I'lic only words uttered were when Napoli-oii
asked me ' what kind of weather it was?' In pronmmc-
ing llieiii he rose from Ihe table, and Josephine skmiv
followed. When colfce was served. Napoleon look II..
cup from the page in waiting, and intinialcd that Ik
wished to he 'ilone. Anxious, uneasy, and a (iri'v lo
gloomy reftections, I immediately retired lo the atlim!.
aiiee hall, where Ihcir majesties usually dined, nnilsjt
down in an arm iliair near the dour of the eiii|H'roT's
aparlnient. I was watching ineehuiiieally the rciiiova,
of the dinner service, when I mddinly heard llienii.
press shriek violeiitl}-. 'J'lic usher of the chanilier wis
on tlie |ioint of opening the door, but I prevented liim,
observing that the emperor would call for assistantoif
be Ihought it ncce'.ssary.
" I was standing close to the door when Napoleon
opened it himself, nnd said ipiiekly on perceiving nif,
'Come ill, liausscl, and shut the door.' 1 ciiteied i|*
room, nnd saw the empress lying on the carpel, and iii.
leriiig the most Inmiiitable i ries and ceinplaints. 'No!
no ! i can never survive it,' <'xelaiiiied the unliirtun*
princess. Napoleon said to me, ' Haus; et, are you slrnn;
enough to carry .losepliine down the private stnire'.iH'ln
her own aparlmenl ?' 1 immedialily olieycd, and, vvilli
the n.ssistancc of Napoleon, raised the empress, vvlio
seemed to be lalxiuring under a nervous attack, lie
then took n light from Ihe table, and opened a door,
vvliieb led through nn obscure passsagc lo the strireast
be had mintioncd. When we lind come In Ihe first slip
of the staircase, I observed to Napoleon Ibat it wnstm
narrow for us todcsciiid without fiilliiig ; be imincdiately
called the ki'e|K'r of his )iort folio, who was ^lationl'll,
night and day, at a door of the cabiiii t opening ii{kiii
the landing. Nn|ioleon gave lliem the torch, wliiili hs>
now of no use in the lighted passage, and ordeicd liiin lo
go beliirc. He Ibeii took hold of .losepbinc's liet liini-
sell', lo enable me to descend with more ease. Oner my
sword embarrassed iiie, and 1 llioughl we should eir-
lainly fall; but happily no aeeidi'iit occurreel, nnd vteilr-
posiled our precious burthen on an ottoman in lur teil
chamber.
Tlie emperor inimedialely ran lo the bell. pull, nnd i,-.ii:
for tlie woincnof the empriss. She had ceased lo iiiuiiii
since I hud lir.'-t raised her in tin' upper sabioii, and I
iiiingiiied lliat she hiid fainted, milil Ihe lime of lliclitllf
ililllculty with my svvoril in the middle of the stiiirs .\i
we liiid no time li r arranging our positions, 1 wns (iMii'iil
to lit;hle n my grasp in order to avoid a fall wbicli ini|;lil
have' been I'alal to all of lis. ftly arms were round lici
wiiisl — her back supported by my breast — and lier lioul
lying on iiiy right Hbonlder. When she pereeivid nil
enilc.vours lo ki cp IVoiii Hilling, she whisperiil, 'Vol
iiie.is nil loo linrd.' From tint niomeiil I fell no npprr-
beii.<:luii3 aiNiiit her liiallh,aiid it was evident that shcU
111 ver lost her retolli itioii liir an instant.
" During thia wliolo truniiuclion 1 wus loo bu»y willi
.loae'pliine to
caiiii: ill, I fi
ing tlic bed
excessive. I
that he iiifor
ill these woi
dynasty ilo v
bocniiie a rig
at this seen
licaril every t
1 deplore will
deiniis nic to
firiniie'.-fs, and
oxysiii of gr
lli(!SC .seiitenc
noiinccd with
His voice was
with tears,
would never 1
removed from
The whole see
iiiiiiiites.
" Najmleon
llorlensc, (Jai
,1 in Ilis own api
,& Jo.sepliiiie, will
3 It vv.is easy
M blow ali'jut to I
^ fiiitlifiil cniiip;
I charge her wit
I lirr at the futal
'j own experienc
5 eiiiiilion of sur|
■ worilsofapolog
— till! tears he v
iiiiii'li astonislii
liiT grief the v
(li^niily of a sf
I'liiprcsR had he
riiiiii'luiiication
ns well to priwc
sidi'ralion for J
lilli'd. Ilortcnse
V biTaiisc, as she \
■^ she could best
!) wiotliiiig address
3 lier cahinily. J
4 picic co-operatioi
\ Bi'C iieilhiT propr
i lioa nnd queenly
! caprice. The ci
* inisrorliiiie; nnd
I bi'i'ii required tin
I aliriiptly to licr
I equivocal exprcsi
hcrsi'lf to utter,
nller tlii'se, it wai
evil, should bear
preiai'li, niiel siisti
prodaci'il by Ihe i
The: liveline.ss i
lier soiitinients a
iiesH nf her heart
lo the emperor,
nlioiit to he e'terni
her llirnne: it wii
ndiiiii'cd nnd so
nnd most enduri
Willi praclisuig li<
mission, she cnjo
dren. Voting ar
Ihcy till tlieinHclv
h'T rights. This
nlli'ction, was par
policy.
.bui'pliine was
liotHi'i'ii Nnpoleoi
their nntiirnl rclal
nf enlhiterni rcbit
liccn promised lo 1
• 111' emperor eoul
MiHid, The silual
fivoiir.ililc. Iler CO
woiiii'd a fecbh' bo
liilt'Tnl on his thn
i'>trant;i'iiieiit froi
ciisaidi' In the brut
111'' L'raiiilciir aire
innlher, aiiel to bor
mill the sharers ol
ihiBc Irunsports ol
U L
ItlEMOIRS OF IIORTEXSE nEAt'IIAnNAIS.
163
, M. df Uaiitsstt,
'J'liis convirsii.
cptiioiiK 1 lir.ii re-
ibrunii, allhuti|;li
catastmiiliL, nur
J Boon better in.
ris on the 13lh uf
tuincblcnu uu the
ey on liorBi'linck,
paid a visit to llic
;iyscc. The pre.
ris (-onictinics in.
rrassment of Ni.
10 uncasiiicps and
npjicarcd to liavc
nisfortunc, anil to
ts bitterness witli
after tlio 2Ttli of
HHceeeding 'I'uts.
observe a great
1, and a mute con.
If during; dinner,
jk iiic Fonic liritf
ply. On cikIi of
than ten niinnltj,
itorni hurst. 'I'lii ir
lino wore u hirgc
bin, and eoiiccakd
[ould pereciM' tlmi
sitill rcsitruiiicd lut
tlic iniiigc! of arid
nee reifjncd duriiif
ouehed out ol'inctc
e when Napoirai
as?' lu proiKHinc.
1 Josephine slowly
Napoleon took llir
inliuinled that lit
isy, and a prey ir,
tired to the alliiid.
latly dined, and sal
or of the einpcrot'j
nienlly the reiiiova,
lily hearil the im.
f the ehaniher wis
,it I prevented liiiii,
[all for assiatantc if
)r when Napoleon
on perreivinff nif,
or.' 1 enl( red 'I*
the carpel, aii<l ul.
ei inplaints. ' No!
led the uiiforlunal?
«: rt, are you strnn"
private stiiire:ife In
olM.'yi d, and, wilii
the empress, wlic
■rvous atlaek. lie
Jnd opined a door,
|i(;e to the slri^eas^
|inie to the first slip
llial il wiiK li<i
pt; : he inniiedinUlv
•111) was sljilioni'i
(iiiii iipeniiiir ii|«'»
loreh, wliiili ivii
|an<i ordeied liimlo
■phine's fill liini-
e ease. Ome ni;
rill wo nhoulil tir-
■e'lrred, niid wi'ilf'
illonian in her Icil
I- bell. pull, anil isntl
liad eeaceil In iao«ii[
Ipper miloon, niiilll
Ihe time ofllier'
• of the Blnirs. .\>l
ItiouH, 1 wnmiMitiil
lu fall wliieli mii'lill
luH were round liril
VnHt — and Inr limll
1 »he pereeivid niM
I wliis|)e'red, 'Yoil
|nt 1 fell no niipf I
\iilenllliatiilicliM|
Jml.
Iwua loo hwy »il* I
lujeiliiiie to obsi-rve Napoleon ; but when the attendants
■ ', il,, [ tbllowed him into a small anteelianiber adjoin.
i,',.r the bed room. His a<;llalion and uneasines.s were
cvcrssivc. His grief, indeed, disturln-d him so tnueli,
tint lie informed me of the cause of all that had passed,
in these words. ' The interests of France and of my
dvnasly do violence to my heart Divorce has
become a rifforoiis duty .... I am Uic more aHlieted
nt tliis scene with Josephine, because she must have
linard every Ihinjr ft-om Hortcnse three days ago
1 deplore with my whole heart the necessity which con-
(leniiis nic to a separation .... I thoughtshe had more
finiine.-is, and was by no means prepared for such a par-
ow'siii of grief.' Mis emotion compelled him to utter
these sentences nt long intervals; the words were pro-
nounced with difliculty and almost without connection.
His voice was filtering and oppressed, and his eyes filled
with tears. He must have lost all self-command, or lie
would never have entered into such detJiils to on(^ so far
removed from his eouncils and his confidence as myself.
The whole scene did not last more than seven or eight
minutes. _ - „ . ...
" Napnioon immediately sent for Corvisnrt, Queen
Unrleiise, Cainbaceres and Fondle; hut before returning
to his own apartment, he made personal incpiiries after
Jo.'<ephinc, who w.is calmer and more resigned."
It was easy indeed for him to feel resigned to the
blow about to be iiillicted n|>on his best friend, and most
Hiithfiil eninpanion ; and it was equally imreasonable to
char-'e her with weakness, because a complaint csca|)ed
her at the fatal crisis. He might have learned from his
own experience, that keenness of feeling is the first
emotion of surprised pride. His own disorder — the few
words of apology stammered out to an inferior attendant
—the tears he was unable to restrain — were at least as
nineh astonishing, as that Josephine should exhibit in
hrr ffrief the wcokncss of a woman, rather than the
dignity of a sovereign. It is true that the unhappy
einpresR had been already led to expect this afflicting
coini'uinicaliim ; but the instructions of Napoleon, given
ns well to prevent his own embarrasment, as out of con-
siileralion for Josci)hinc, had been but iiniwrfectly ful-
lilleil. Ilorfensc was selected as the natural mediatri.v,
k'cnii»e, as she was endeared by the closest ties of blood,
she enuld best emjiloy the alTectionate stratigems and
soothing address, so necessary to prepare her mother for
her ealamity. But the same feelings prevented her com-
plete co-operation; for in the proposed measure, she could
see neither jiropriety nor necessity, while her filial ntiec-
tion and ipieenly pride pointed out all its injustice and
caprice. The conlldeiice of the emperor was to her a
mist'orliine; and her heart would have broken had it
been reipiired that she should declare the iini«'riiil wi
aliriiplly to her mother. A few distant allusions and
equivocal expressions, which were all she could bring
hcrsell" to iilter, fulfilled the strict coinmands of duty ;
iilbr these, it was but just that the first cause of all the
evil, should bear the punishment of announcing its ap-
proach, and sustaining the first hurst of sorrow or anger
proihieed by the sad intelligence.
The liveliness of Josephine's grief was displayed in all
lier senlinients and e.\pressioiis. The invincible good-
ncs» of her heart recalled the many lies that united her
to l!ie emperor, at the very moment when they were
nhout to be eternally severed. Her least regret was for
licr Ihrnne : it was the loss of her husbanil, so warmly
ndiiiired and so truly loved — that exciti'd the keenest
Mill most enduring nrtliction. Not content, however,
Willi practising herself the duties of gratitude and sub-
mission, she enjoined and enforced fliem uimn her cliil-
ilren. Yming and strongly attached to their mother,
lliey lilt Ibemselves injured by the blow ilireeleil agninst
her rights. This e.valted filial piety, justified by natural
all'ection, was pardonable even m the eyes of reason and
policy.
.Iinephinc was tho true and only link of connection
heliM'en Nnpoleon and her ehildr»n : after her divmee,
Iheir natural relnliim towards him was infeiior to that
of collalcral relatives. 'I"he crown of Italy, which had
lieen promised to Rugene, was lost beyond all liopi', when
llie emperor could look forward to heirs of his own
Moral. The siluutiou of llorlense was in no wise mure
fivouraWc. Her eondiliou as tho wife of Nnpiileou's brother
woineil a feeble bond of union, when that brotheriilrendy
lolten (I (in bis throne, and when every day inereased his
i'slraiii;eiiicnl from his eonsml. It was theretiire ex-
nisalilc in the hrollier and sister, if they wisheil to resign
llie irraiidciir already half lost by tlie divore- nf Ibeir
Mollnr, and to become the cnmpanimn nf her retirement,
niid the sharers of her olweiirily. Josephine iiioderaleil
thctc transports of feeling ; slio excused tho conduct ol'
Napoleon, reminded them of their obligations to his
favour, and commanded implicit obedience to the will of
liini, who was to them n lUlher and a sovereign. Their
sacrifice was in Ihe highest degree meritorious. What
could he more painfid, after they had left their weeping
mother, than to mingle in all the pomp of a second mar-
riage — to see a haughty stranger seated on the throne of
Josephine — to gaze uiioii the llirong of servile courtiers
crowding around this new object of adulation — and to
acknowledge a mistress, when they had Ibrgotten their
condition us subjects, iu tho honoured title of children
of the empress?
In every ceremony requiring liis presence, lOugcne
was distinguished for hisdignified behaviour. His coun-
tenance, usually mild and smiling, had beeoine grave
and serious, strongly expressive of internal distress, re-
strained by pride, lionour, and the obligations of the oc-
casion. He was a man : but the feiiiinine weakness ol
his sister was nnequal to n similar exertion. Four queens
bore tlic imperial train of Maria Louisa, ns she approached
tho nuptial ultar : Hortcnse, one of the four, wept bitterly
as she followed the new bride of Nnpoleon, and when the
fatal Yes was pronounced that separated him for ever
from his mother, she uttered a loud shriek and bceaine
insensible. When this tribute to nature and her sex had
been thus paid, she recovered all her native strength of
character, and the lofty bearing l)efitting her rank.
Josephine practised in its fullest extent the generous
moderation she inculcated on her childrim. It was in
her power to have interposed serious obstacles in the
way of Nairaleon's marriage, by means of the religious
aerujiles of Maria Louisa, who, from her education in a
bigoted court, evinced a strong repugnance to become
the wife of one whose former u i. was still unbroken in
its sacramental obligation. Tl. .lew bride had received
assuraiiciM that Na])oleon's first marriage was a mere
civil ceremony ; but she refiiscd to trust any oilier
authority than that of Josephine herself. The j)uke of
.Rovigo has stated in his Memoirs, that Napoleon had
never espoused Josephine in eliurch: in this assertion
he has only repeated the rumour which he and many
others had most probably Ix'en ordered to spread at t\\v
time of ihe divorce, hut it is not, on that account, the less
untrue. Evciy n'lijrious rite had been .' Ifilled, and,
strange as it ..^'/y apjicar, twice instead of once. The
first time the ceremony was performed by a parish
priest: af\crwards, a few days before the coronation, in
consequence of some informalities discovered by the car-
dinal delegated by the pope, the nuptial benediction was
repeated by himself in the chapel of the Tuihries: Duroe
and Eugene were two of the witnesses present. The
cardinal suhseqiienlly, at the request of Josephine, signeil
a certificate, declaring the reality and validity of her
religious marriage : but no use was made of this power-
ful weapon. The will of a husband who deserted her,
was respected, and nn equivocal reply, involving no direct
violation of the truth, quieted all the scruples of Maiia
Ijouisa. She was re(|uested to refer to the Moniteur ;
when Josephine well knew that Napoleon had thought it
inexiiedicnt to publish in that journal, his deference for
the wishes of the po|)u and the cardinal.
In separating lor ever from her consort, Josephine
sought tlic sad salisfaelion of writing her farewell, and
of giving him fur the last time tho.se counsels, which he
had always followed with advantage. From such a let-
ter it was impossilde lo exclude every expression of eon-
j'lgal and matern:ii grief; but it is lo llie Ibresighl, rather
than to the sorrow of Josephine, that we must ascribe Ihe
prophelie foreboding of evil, so siwn to he realised. \V
iiere insert this interesting doenment.
" iMy forebodings arc rialised 1 you Irive proinuinecd
Ihe word which separate.-i us for ever; Ihe rest is nothing
more than mere Ibnnalily. This, llu n, is the eoiisum-
iimtion, I will not say of all my sacrifices, — they cost me
nothing since they were made for you, — but of my un-
bounded attaidimcnl, and of your own most solemn ohli-
galions. If the piilicy which ycni allege ns u reason
sh'Mild prove siicecssl'ul, I should not coniphiiii, but |H)licy
i.i a mere pretext. It is to your mistaken ambition that
I am saerificcd — In that nmiiilion which has guided your
whole career, wliieli lias led you to conquest, elevated
you to enqiirr, nnd now hurries you onward to disaster
and defeat.
" Yon siHMik of mighty alliances, of giving an heir to
Ihe empire, of tinmding a new dynasty ; but wllh whom
is Ibis alliniice lo 1)0 formed? With llie deceitful house
of .\iistria, the sworn iMieiiiy of France; a fninily which
ilelcsls us from feeling, from sysleni, niid from necessily.
Do you believH thai Ibis haired, «o often displayed wilbiii
the last half ccniury, has not Is'en Iranslerrcd from llie
Bourbons to the empire ? Or do you suppose that the
hildrcn nf the able .Maria I'lieresa, who piireliased from
Madame de Pompadour Hie latal treaty of 17511, which
you cannot even nn'tilion witlioul a shudder — do vnu stip-
po.se that her posterity have not iiibiriled her spirit us
well ns her doniinimi ? I only re|.eat what you have told
me a hundred times when your ambition was satisfied
with humiliating a power wliieli it now seeks lo restore.
Believe me, as long as you are master of (Onropc, you
will find her your slave ; hut beware of a reverse !
" You wish, however, an heir, liven though ns a
mother, I should appear partial in speaking of a son who
is all my delight and used lo be your hope — can I or
ought I to be silent? The adoption of the Idth of January,
Ittllli, was then another political falsehood; but there is
no deception in the virtues and lab'iils of my Fugene.
How ollen have you yourself praised them ! I'raised
them I you have endeavoured In recompense them with
a throne, while you confessed that the reward wns infe-
rior to his merits. All France has re-echoed these senti-
ments, but what are the wishes of France ? I dn not
speak of my siiecesior, and you can hardly expect il,
wlieii all I eouhl say of her woiihl appear suspicious.
There can be no suspicion as to my prayer fiir your hnp-
piness, wliirli alone can iinw console inc. Ah ! how
great will tliat happine6.s l)e, if it equals my sorrow."
CIIArTFll X.
The king of Holland entertained n sincere friendship
for Josephine, and was deeply grieved at the divorce, yet
he wns very near following the example of Napoleon.
The time had not come, when he could venture to solii^it
o|)enly for a dissolution of his marriage, but he wished
to add the sanclion of the law to the actual separation ex-
isting iK'tvveen himself and his queen. The health of both
|)ortics wa.s, in point of fact, much impaired; the true
motive, however, was to be sought in their tliseordant
tempers. During the whole period of his late residence
in Paris, Louis had never seen the c|ueen, except on tlioso
pidilie occasion.^ when a meeting was rciniercd unavoid-
able by the rules of etiquette. On his arrival from Hoi-
land, he had repair^ ' immedialely to his mother's resi-
dence, in.stcad of proceeding to his own (lalace, which
was occupied by Hortcnse. After nil this coldness, ho
expressed a desire for her return to Amsterdam ; and
he conceived herself obliged by duly to comply with all
his wishes. Ho was unfortunate; bis kingdom was nie-
iiaccd by the imperial armies ; and the winning manners,
amiability and address of the queen, might prove ex-
tremely ueefiil in encouraging his di.sspirited subjects,
and in preserving to the last moment their wavering al-
egiance.
The experience of a few weeks satisfied Hortcnse thnt
she had flnttered herself with a vain illusion. In private,
the behaviour of the king had undergone no change, and
he snon found the public observance of appearnnces, nn
intolerable constraint. Indiilerenee, discord, and mis-
understanding became too apparent, and alike niinoycd
nnd alHicfed the people and the courtiers, the French
and the Dutch. Hortcnse was soon convinced that her
pres-ence eouhl be more useful to tier mother than to her
liiisbaml. I'lidcr pretext of ill-health, she removed for n
few clays to the royal castle of Loo; nnd thence, without
the hast intimation to the king, she eel nut for France.
It is said that Louis was somewhat piqued, when he
heard nf this departure, eillier on aeeount of the con-
tempt displayed for his authority, or because he really
enlcrluined the plan, asserted by some, of comprlliiig tho
queen to resi(h^ in his dominions. This latter supposition
is highly ini|irobablc. The jusliee and humanity of
Louis, himself so severe a sufl'erer by state pofii-y, could
scarcely have inlliiii d the same \\ rongs upon a neglected
wile. Still, however, the best nnd most rcnsennhle nro
often iiiconsisleiil ; and we are scldnm gcwcrned our-
selves by the same rigid morality v\liieli influences oiir
judgment of the eon<liiet of others. .\ rigid supporter of
political ntcessity, Napokon himself has einsnred the
Is'liaviour of Hnrteiise, nnd her lillle ineliim'ion to re.
main with her husband. In the memorial of St. Helena
it is said thnt "Josephine coiiHlnnlly profcpsed submis-
sion, devotion, nnd Ihe most unbounded complaisance.
She frequently hlnined and reproved her daughter Hor-
tcnse nnd her niece SIcpbanie, who lived on bad terms
with their husbands, exhibited caprice, nnd affected a
sort of Independeiiec." In nnolhcr place lie says, "Hor-
teiise, with nil her goodness and generosity, was not
without fault in her behnviour to hiT husband ; this I
must ndmil, iKilwilh^lnnding tbenfteetion I bear her, and
Ihe reni nllachment which I know she feels for me.
However eecenlrie and di;-iigrccnhlc Louis may hav«
l)ecii, he undoubtedly loved lier; and every woman, tut-
'■''■'■' • -'m
•■■■•:- V'- ! . I 'i*l
■"• 'I,' ' U>,!ji
■I*
'I
'■A
^ '?:i(ii
■•■'■'I ' '.''i'-^i^f
. ■.' ■■■.I
'■■vNM
■■■: ;',^-tJ
'4
li^H'iii
'Oli*'*-
164
IIIE3IOIRS OF HORTENSE BEAUHARNAIS.
1^1
■f i;. ,,.e
dcr sucli circumstances, nnd with cquallv iiiiportunt cnlls,
ought to know liow to restrain tier fcehngH and even to
love in return. Had slic possessed this self-command,
the vexation of lier h.te law suit would have been spared
and her life rendered happier. If she had accompanied
Louis to Holland, he would never have quitted Amster-
dam, nor slioiild 1 have been cnmpelkd to take possession
of his kingdom, a measure whicli contributed greatly to
ruin me in Europe, and tlius many events might have
taken a diflcrent turn."
Napoleon nmst have been strangely disposed to ascribe
great results to trilling causes, if he really imagined tlic
union of Holland and France to have been the conse-
queiice, either of the discoid of l.ouis and his consort, or
of the indilVerenec of Horteiisc for her husband. If this
wa.s his true IwlicI', why had he not con)riianded them to
sacrifice their mutual dislike? His will had crrtiiinly
worked greater miracles than this. The truth is, that
the emperor never occupied himself seriously with these
family dissensions ; and all three ])crfeclly understood
tlieir rekitive positions. Louis had adopted the only rea-
sonable line of policy ; his wile admired liis conduct,
even while lamenting the inevitable rupture with Napo-
leon, and had she idolised her husband she could never
have advised liim to other measures. The policy of the
emperor was wholly independent of mere domestic rela-
tions. In giving up to the bent, or perhaps to the caprice
of their dispositions, Louis and Hortense endangered no-
thing but their individual happiness; all the rest dcijcndcd
on the destiny, or rather on tlie ambition of Napoleon. It
was no doubt through a singular modesty that lie pre-
ferred seeking in others, those causes of action which
existed only in himself. With Louis, the great misfor-
tune was not so much the alleged indifference of his con-
sort, as his own inability to stand in comparison with the
lofty genius of his brother. 'I'lmt same genius whioli
conquers kingdoms, subjects nations, creates monarchies,
and legislates for an "mpire, possesses in every thing a
supernatural energy. It rules the hearts of women, as
despotically a-s the reason and courage of men. To his
family the emperor was fond and alfeclionate ; had he
been savage and brutal, still Josephine would have ever
shown mihiness, submission, and love. Fortune had dealt
hardly by Louis : his chanictcr was unaiiiiable, and he
wanted the commanding mind of N.ipolcoi!. But, ahs 1
genius is often a fatality.
maincd for a moniont in silent admiration. Her deep
teelings were too soon to be wounded by a more reul
horror.
Their guides had haetily laid a narrow plank across
the chasm as a bridge, liirlense, who first made the at-
tempt, crossed wil4i a firm, light step, and in perfect safety.
Madame de Brer ventured in her turn. A sudden crash
is heard, followed by a piercing shriek — Ilortensc turns
and rushes to the brink, the ]ilank had given way, and
she sees the body of her unhai)])y friend, shooting from
rock to rock, and ovcrwlu lined at last in the waters of
the torrent. There were no ro|ies at li;ind,and no ladder
could have been long enough to reach the toot of the pre-
cipice. The guides never doubted her fate for an instant ;
death was inevitable, and it was scarcely even to be hoped
that the mutilated corpse might be carried ti.r into tlie
valley, and deposited where the care of friends eould re-
cover it for tlie last sad funeral rites. Overwhthnrd with
grief, Hortense lost every thought of her oWn escape from
a similar fate in traversing the same frail plank. Her situ-
ation was really alarming, nnd the guides were obliged to
lay hastily a stronger bridge nnd to cross to her nssistancc.
Her oldest friend, she who had shared every wish and
soothed all her sorrows, was thus torn from her by a sud-
den and fearful death. It was the most terrible shock
sustained by Hortense, since the loss of Iier eldest son.
When lime and care had in some degree restored her to
health, she sought to divert her grief by her customary
occupations of beneficence. She founded a hospital ut
Aix, and devoted a great portion of each day to the dis.
tribution of money and medicine to its sick or indigent
inmates; accompanying her gifts with those kind expres-
sions, which render charity yet more welcome and more
efficacious.
CIIAI'Tf;R XI.
Josephine retained, after her divorce, tl.c title of em-
press, with a fortune and household belitling her dignity.
Her retirement still bore the nppearaiieo of a court; dil-
fcring only in the less strict observance of etiquette and
in the diminished attendauc e of courtiers, but atoning in
freedom from restraint and in general kindness, for the
want of magiiificence and ceremony. The pleasures of
II circle of intimato friends are certainly the best coiiso-
lati^ms for the loss of power; and Josephine having full
lilxirty to travel, enjoyed the additional advantage of car-
rying all her society along with her. On these expedi-
tions, lilierty increased in direct proportion to the distance
from the capitil. She chiefly resided at her country seats,
Malmaison and Navarre, though sometimes more distant
journeys were undertaken. On one occasion she even
went as far as <ienevn, where the viceroy of Italy and
his queen came from Milan to visit her. Hortense, who
was always with her mother, made one of the party on
this occasion. She wished, while in the vicinity of Savoy,
to drink the celebrated waters of Ai.v, which had been
rccouimcnded fur the restoration of her health, then very
precarious, and atfcndod with a kind of morbid melan-
choly.
Ilof faithful friend, Madame do Broe, followed her to
Aix. They frequently amused themselves with long
walks in this picture:quc and extraordinary region, where
every excursion, every Iresh step, seemed to unfold addi-
tional objects of admiration. Tlie wonders of nature are
always enhanced by sentiment, and we discover new
beauties in a magnificent prospect, when we view it in
the company of those whom we love. Hortense felt this
pleasure tha more keenly, as landsca|)c painting was one
of the branches of art in which she particularly excelled.
The two friends, one day, attempted the ascent of ■
mountain whit-h promised to afford a magnificent and
unbounded prospect. To reach the summit, it was ne-
cessary to cross a deep ravine, apparently torn open by
some Icnilile eonnil. ion. The d.ir!irie«s of the abyss was
rather iiiereiwd than cnnecnii'd by the nlpiiie firs sr:'f-
lereil al ing its K|i|e.»; wbiir In l..\v, :i iii;iid tni n nl lulled
noisily along. Th" glnnruy sublimity of the wliole r.cene
struck tlic vivid iinai;iir.:iuii of Hortense, mid sli? le. I
CHAPTER XII.
At length the hurricane which had been so long and
so ominously gathering, burst in its full fury upon France.'
Every day announced to Napoleon the defection of an
ancient ally, and every day the ranks of his enemies were
swelled by the diminution of his own forces. 'I'lie ut-
must prodigies of valour were unable to save his country
from invasion, and the capital itself was tlircatcued by tlic
besti!" armies.
Horteiir", ivlio had promptly returned to her mother at
Navarre, read with painful anxiety the bulletins of the
French army, and listened (\ngerly to tlio reports of the
expresses. The uiihajipy Josephine, mere attaehed to
lier husband now that forluiie was Ihlse, shed bitter tears
over the snd fulfilment of her predictions. At length
she received despatches from a rovcreign, who had onee
courted the Irieiid.hip of Nnpoleon, and had deemed liim-
Kclf honoured when treated as his equal. 1 iiiies had in-
deed altertd ; we characterise the change almost in a
word, when we add that the wili; and daughter of the
1 mperor were reduced to avail themsclvis of his pre-
leelinn ns an enemy and a conqucrcr. Faris had capitu-
lated : the armies of the allies were tneaniped in her
si|uar(::, nnd llieir chiefs lodged in her palaces: while
Napoleon, with bis fiirces reduce d to a hnndiiil of vete-
rans, bad abiiieatid the throne at Fontaineblcau, and was
retiring to bis empire of Elba.
In the letter of Alexander, the language of a victor was
studiously (li>guised under tlic forms of the most delicate
courtesy. He was so anxious to see the empress .roseidi. o
and her daughter, that he entreated them to n turn to
Malmaison, unless they preferred receiving an early visit
at Navarre. As an acknowledgment of tliis politeness,
the mother set out immediately ; but Hortense had duties
to perform towards Maria Louisa, whom she still regard-
ed as her sovereign. The powerful protection tendered
toller mother, removed all anxiety on that account ; nnd
it was therefore incumbent on her to calm the apprehen-
sions and share the [lerils of the scccmd consort of Napo-
leon. She accordingly repaired to Ramboutllet, where
Maria Louisa, gunrdeil by the forces of the coalition, was
awaiting her future lot It was sjicedily determined ;
and when she had set out for Vienna with an Austrion
escort, Hortense returned to her mother at Mnlmnisoii.
Hero Joscphino appeared to have revived her ancient
court of the Tuileries. The more intimately she-ljecame
known to the allied monarehn, the more she was admired
nnd respected ; nnd the arrival of her daughter increnseil
the attentions of these illustrions visitors. Grace and
amiability were hereditary in fliis family; their trium]ihs
were r;"rer, milder, and more rapid tlmutho comiueslsof
Napoleiii.
CHAPTER XIII. .
The solicitude of the allied monarchs for tlic future
welfare of Hortense, was an immediate consequence ol
. ilie interest slic had inspired. "Remark," suid Ihov
" with what case an enlightened people can abandon a
chief who has raisi d them to such a pitch of power and
glory. The military alone exhibit the least regret: all
the rest rejoice in the change, though it is impossible for
them to foresee its results. Observe all those courtiers
eagerly crowding about the restored dynasty ! But yrs.
terday, they were prodigal of the most solemn oallis of
attuelinieiit to Napoleon : to-day, tlicy pretend to have
always hiited and despised him, and win new titlis to la.
vour by bitter and scandalous libels iigainst their falld,
master. Believe us, princess, all the rare and noble endow.
iiients which Heaven has lavished on you, will not sutfia
to fix the affections of the people : a power superior to
the storms of revolutions, is the only safeguard against
their fickleness and iiicoiistancy." Her august Irioiidi
pressed her witli tlicsc reasons to accept an independent
sovereignty.
The philosophy of Hortense had been acquired in the
school of misfortune, but it bore r.u similarity to that in.
eulcated by these clear sighted sovereigns. The obscuri.
ty of retirement seemed to her a yet safer asylum ngaiiiil
the revolutions of kingdoms nnd the caprices of the jioo.
pic : but she had children, born in tlie purple, and brourhi
uji amidst the homage and respect of the highest dignitj.
riea of tlic empire. The first impressions of education
CNcrcisc an unconquerable influence over all the actioni
of liie : those to whom grandeur was a birthright, can
never endure mediocrity or obscurity, unless endowed
with more greatness of soul tlian commonly falls to ilie
lot of mortals. Hortense, therefore, yielded to the die.
tutes of maternal tenderness, in accc|iting for her children
what was to her a subject of indifference ; but she still
displayed her moderation, in taking much less than hj
been originally offered. At the request of the allied m.
ereigns, Louis XVIII. erected St. Leu into a dutcby i'k
her udvnutage, with the right of inheritance vested iii her
ehildien.
'J'lie allied monarehs were equally anxious to confer i
similar fiivour upon Josephine. She thanked tlieiii,l)oi
constantly refused; with an indift'ercnee to power llm
seemed almost a presentiment of the early fate whieh n.
moved her from her children and her friends. Her hcallii
bad been .«o deeply undermined by the shock and alllic-
lion caut td by the overthrow of the empire, that an in.
disposition, apparently trifling, became serious, nnd in j
few days terminated in deatli. The spring is alwavs
damp at Paris; but Malmaison, the empress's resiikim,
Uing situated on the northern face of a hill and sur-
rounded with woods, has more than its share of the pu.
eial humidity. Josephuic lii'il Incn confined to her lad
I'lir several days, by an attack of sore throat. The
king of Prussia paid her a visit to inquire after her bcallli,
and she imagined herself suflieiently well to rise and n.
eeive him. Alarming symptoms appeared the same even-
ing ; the next day, the best of women, the iiiiUk-'.t of
queens, and the most atl'cctionatc of' mothers and wives,
cersed to exist.
It was now the second of June, 1811 : during I'our
days, heaven, earth and nialilund had been alike sad:
!or fi ur days had el.ipsed since the death of Josephine h.id
deprived humnnity of its ornament and poverty of its pro-
tectress. Every road from Paris to Ruel and its environs
was crowded with trains of mourners. The iiidipcnt
were not here alone — there ure other misfortunes In'sidej
poverty. Sad groupes thronged nil the avenues, and 1
eonld distinguish fe:irs even in the splendid cqiiipngn
which came rattling across the court y:ird.
F'rom the fatal day of Josephine's death, until tlic H
of June, the time appointed for the funeral, more than
twenty thousnnd persons iR'held her for the last time- I
do not includes the inquisitive stragglers, who availed them-
selves of this opportunity to obtain a sight of Malmaison ;
and who, after making a slight obeisance to the statcbcd,
immediately inquired the way to the great Conservatory,
or went oft laughing to tease the wild bt^asts. A fai
greater number came to weep over the body of the cm-
pr<!ss, and kneeling, to offer their prayers for the rcfwe
of her soul. They visited w itii veneration the shrublio.
ries she had planted, the fields she had tilled, and the
plants watered by her own hands: wliilii admiring her
works, they seeuied to enjoy a secret pleasure, in tlic
very increase of regret. 'I'lie young girls who liiiil re.
paired to the melancholy 8|)ot, wept bitterly when the;
remeinliered the happy marriages of their assoeii.lis, I'er
whom the kindness of Ihn cingiross had removed the
opposition of interest Old men sighed over their ImI
lirr.-innn, and the little enjoyments tlioy had pro-
ti
[i
cured: wh
lection of t
Josephine,
obtained hi
strangers a<
ourable to
reconciled r
every thing
all lamented
turn of mut
forgiveness,
much ? 'I'h
presence,
bed, surrouiK
her leading
chamber wa»
culeheoiis
surrounded w
was covered v
the eliarge of
neiijlibonrin,
and liiiir doiii{
The -■■oleim
|).irir)ics sum
I gratitude at tl;
;| ,it noon, with
I I'liurch of the
J .Malmaison.
■ Hidon, the hu
|)liinc's niece;
'I l,i\v to the oinp
■S lier nepliew, tin
% Count de Beau
% Louisa.
■',' The funeral t
followed the liig
. who representee
geiicri-l of the k
walked on foot i
a number of for
rals, and other F
, of the various
girls in wliite,
nieiidicants of al
route was lined
;'giurds.
:' Ciencral Sackci
jfovcrcisin, to the
|Maliiiaison, expre
Ihours he had yet t
iCtllenl prince Eu
|dcep ntfliction at I
or, in fact, never
ninions.
I.'pnnrds of four
njf districts, arc i
urpose of paying
irinccss, who had
he poor and of the
Barrel archbisl
•A by the bishops
•osptl, he proiioui
lion.
The body of Jos
neloscd in one of
•i in that part of tl
liroe liiiiidred perse
returning from
'laoo l.oiiis XV. in
lid -Marie .\ntoinel
Oil reaching tin
ireviously reniaiiici
f Ruel, threw her.s*
11' einng as if elisti
liancholy spot.
Theeereinoniesli
'ic wliole hotisclK
died in tears ; nil
I.ohad only Ih'cou
ration, wept in ei
It'sscd or emiiforted
I liad 110 wish to v
ol.v, with no ncco
iiiTal «orrow waj
1 lie Imlv of Jndppt
Pmi'inailiip, crecieil bv
IH'n»l r.ili,..<, kni'ilinu,
irnici'^ " Riiji-n,, „n,| |
. Till. lienmHuj mo
f'knrihui..irell,.niw:ii
l'ifi«mln,i.,,.r illscovi
THniuenoiin liellevr
m for the future
• consequence ol
lark," suid llicy,
a can ubaiidon'a
tell of pottir anil
least regret; all
, is iuipossililu for
U those coiirtiirs
nasty ! lint yts.
, solemn oatlisof
pretend to have
n new lilk s to fa.
jrainst their I'al'.ui
; and noble eiidmv.
ou, will not sulEce
[)o\ver superior to
safeguard ajjainst
ler august liicr.ilg
L'pt an indepcndcni
;en acquired in the
iiilarity to that in.
j;n8. The obscuri.
ifcr osylum agaiim
japriccs of the pco.
purple, and brought
the highest dignita.
isions of edueation
)vcr nl) the actioni
IS a birthright, can
ty, unless endowed
nnionly falls to the
yielded to the die- I
tnig for her children
rcnce ; but she still
much less than liad
est of the allied bov.
cu into a dutcliy Hi ]
ritance vested in her
anxious to eonfor j
e tlianUed them, Ijui
irencc to power tlisl
early futc whieli ii.
• friends. Her hcalll;
.he shock and alilic-
empire, that an in.
ne serious, and in a
le Biiring i.s always
.'n\i)ri'ss's residiiiK,
iif a hill iinii km-
its share of the gm.
idnlined to her lad
.<<irc throat. Tlit
lUirc after her health,
well to rise and re-
and the pume even.
neii, the mildest of
mcthers and wivis,
ME.'ttOIR.'i; OF KOnXENSE BEAL'IIARJfAIS.
165
J 181 4: during Inut
|ad been alike sail;
jilh of Josephine had
Id poverty of its pro-
luel and its environs
lers. The indijioni
lu\isfortunes hesidei
1 the avenues, and 1
jsplcndid equipages
lyard.
Ideath, until the 2d
1 funeral, more than
or the last time. I
k who availed thorn-
light of Malmaison;
lice to the Btalc-bcd,
Jrrcat Conservatory,
fild b«-aBt». A far
he body of the em-
ycrs for the rc|iMe
tution the shruliW-
liud tilh'd, and (he
Ihilu ndniiriiiR her
Lt pleasure, in the
[ girls who hull ro-
|)illerly when they
,lieir aBSC(;ii.l<S|li)'
Jiinil removed the
|hcd over their loil
tlioy had pr»
■urcd: while many a mother shed tears in grateful recol-
lection of the conscrijit son, restored by tlie bounty of
loscphine, who had removed him from active service,
obtained his discharge, or hir?d the substitute. Kvcn
straiiEers accosted each other to relate some trait hon-
ourable to her memory. Grief, the great peace maker,
reconciled many oncmica on tliis solemn occasion, when
every thing was forgotten but the charity of her vvlioni
all lamented. Those who spoke of her soon fell the re-
turn of mutual kindness, for how could any one refuse
forcrivcness, near the tomb of her -ho ho'' pardoned so
inu'cli ? Thus her vcrj; memory was as p.'<"crful as her
nrc.'cnec. The body of Josephine was laid o Jt on a stati
bed surrounded with numerous tapers, in an ante-cham-
ber' leading mtc the room wh-x-e alio died. The ante-
cliamber wa» liung with black, without eyjiliers or es-
culchcoiis : on the right of the entrance stood an altar,
surrounded with chairs and sofas. The face of the corpse
was covered with a cambric handkcrcliiel', as it lay under
llio charge of two olHciating clergymen belonging to the
ncii'hbouring villages, together with the curate of Kuel,
§ and four domestics.
I The folcmn tolling of the bells of all 'he neighbouring
I parishes summoned the faithful to pay the tribute of
- Irratitudc at the foot of the altar. The funeral took place
• Jt noon, with the greatest pomp, in the modest little
< church of the village of Ruel, belonging to the parish of
; .Malmaison. The pall-bearers were the Grand D-ike of
Diden the husband of Stephanie do Beauliarnais, Jose-
' phinc's niece ; the Marquis do Beauliarnais, brother in
^ law to the empress, and formerly ambassador to Spain ;
5 lier nephew, the Count dc Tascher ; and I believe, the
I Count do Beauharnais, gentleman in waiting of Maria
■| Louisa.
The funeral train left Malmaison by the iron gate, and
followed the high road as far as Rucl. General Sacken,
who represented the emperor of Russia, and the adjutant.
Benorul of the king of Prussia, on the part of his master,
walked on foot at the head of tlio procession, followed by
a number of foreign princes, marshals of France, gene-
rals, and other French ofticers. Then came the banners
of the various trades of the parish, with twenty young
igirls in white, chanting psalms: while two thousand
niondicants of all ages brought up the rear. The v<'hole
route was lined with Russian hussars, and the national
.'guards.
5 General Sacken was the bearer of a message from his
itovcreign, to the relatives of the empress assembled at
sMalraaTson, expressing his wish to devote the thirty-si.^
Ihours lie had yet to remain in Paris, exclusively to the ex-
tUent prince Eugene and his sister, as a testimony of
Iccp affliction at the death of her majesty. 'I'he empc-
■or, in fact, never quitted tliem until ho set out for his do.
inions.
Upwirds of four thousand inhabitants of the neighbour-
ng districts, arc understood to have assembled lor the
lurposc of paying a parting homage to the memory of a
irinccss, who had so justly earned the title of mother of
he poor and of the atflictcd. Mass was celebrated by M.
c Barrel archbishop of Tours, her chief almoner, assist.
d by the bishops of Evreux and Versailles ! after the
ospel, lie pronounced a short but aftecting funeral ora.
inn.
The body of Josephine* was placed in a leaden coffin
inclosed in one of wood, which was ♦cniporurily deposit-
Jin llmt part of the cemetery containing the remains of
lirccliundri'd persons eruslied to death in the UueRoyale,
returning from the exhibition of fire works, in the
ICO r,ouis XV. in honour of the marriage of Louis XVI.
nil Marie .Vntoineltc.
On reaching the burial ground, Hortense, who had
irpviously remained in one of the ehaiiels of tho church
if Ihiol, threw herself upon her mother's gn.re, to which
' clung as if distracted, until forcibly removed from the
rianclioly spot.
'rhiMcromonies lasted until five o'clock in the evening,
he wlinle household of the illustrious <leceased were
ilhcil in tears; many strangers who were piesent, and
i.o had only heeomo acquainted with her since the ri's-
iration, wept in common with those whom sho had
IfsRod or comforted.
I had nci wish to witness this spectacle : it was melnn-
loly, with no aeconipanying consolation. Whilst the
iioral sorrow was publicly expressed, mine was in
I* Tiie Inilv of Jnso|hlno now llc'H undor tt niaiinHicont lomti nt
liilemaihic, erected liy lior r.hllilrvn. She Is iciTLUcntcd In her
Ipeiinl rolir.i, kni;i'lliiii, unci appnrenlly pni) inn lor Iho weiriri' i>r
|«nto. "I'.nacncamrilorleiisoli) Jo«i;|ihini',"ii<ilii'"nly huciiii.
Tliljbeniiill'uhimnumciH «innd« lu n side rluipol snrt l« lh»
fcikofilnii HTrclienliicuiiiinr, M. Csrn-llor. I rnnnnl irll wliollifr
liltisin liucvcr illwnvcrcd siiy lliull ; I have wi'pl Ion oltou over
•tilltuennt in believ(< II porfact.
dulgcd in a different manner. I wandered among liowers
plant! d by the hands of Josephine liersclf, and through
their branches 1 looked out upon the fields she had cul-
tivated and the cottages she had built. Even this sad
delight, and the very sliadc which sheltered me, were all
her work. Near me on the road, and far across the fields,
crowds were hurrying towards Malmaison and Ruel,
whilst others were on the return. They met and ex-
changed a lew words ; the young girls shed tears, and
then went mourning on their way. Sometimes 1 caught
disjointed sentences borne to me by tlic wind : in all, the
name of Josephine v us pronounced by gratitude, and her
larily eomineinoratcd by sorrow.
Above the confused noises which rc-cchood over the
plain, came tho sullen tolUng of the bells, and every
breeze seemed charged witli their endless peals. To me,
the wearisome monotony of the cliiiiiing bra.ss, which
knells alike for the good and the \vieke(i, has ever ap-
peared ill-omened. I strove to divert my attention liy
li.stening to the twittering of the birds; their concerts
were occasionally interrupted, but they rcemnnscnced
their songs with more subdued notes; and there was
something soothing in the sad thought, that from the
ery bench where 1 was then seated, Josephine liad a
thousand times enjoyed their iriusie.
The l)rightiic;-s olthe day was obscured by dark clouds
when 1 arrived at the church. It was hung with mourn-
ing fur its departed benefactress. When a crowned head
iiills at the feel of death, vanity raises.thc diadem to deeo-
rute a coifm : here there was no pomp, no proud epilapli,
but in the mid.st of tears and sighs, a thousand voices
repeated and ever will repeat the name of Josciihine.
To the nanio of one so dear anil who sootlied so
many sorrows, gratitude would willingly add tw o more,
wliich a prudent sorrow, it is said, should carefully sup-
press. l)n this subject I am equally ignorant and indif-
ferent. I can only s;iy that grateful icmenibianee ac-
knowledges no other guide than the dictates of atlcction,
and that Eugene and Hortense are invoked alike with the
cherished memory of Josephine. Can there be any so
unfeeling as to imagine tears formidable, or to consider
grief a crime? Sorrow never consiiires.
The following portrait of Josephine is from tlic pen
of an intimate friend. Several years before a sudden
turn of the wheel of fortune had raised her to a throne,
she had attained the utmost perfection of what was call-
ed her bca. _, : yet she was never strictly beautiful, if to
entitle a woman to tliat distinction, regularity of feature
must bo added to nobleness and elegance. A counte-
nance animated by intelligence, and especially by feeling,
is far more captivating than the cold perfection and
symmetry so prized by artists in the models of antiquity.
To these charms Josephine had no claim ; but every
emotion of her mind was forcibly and rapidly depicted
by tho ever varying expression of her fascinating face.
It was the mirror of her heart, adorned by every grace,
and reflecting that general benevolence, which seeks in
every sufiering creature another subject for consolation
and relief.
Her benevolence, the lending trait in her character,
was in trutli universal. The same hand which lavished
bounties without stint and sometimes without rellection,
caressed a sulVeriiig animal, or sought to revive, by culti-
vation, a withered and drooping plant. Her feelings of
charity siiftered no change from the vicis^^itudes of for-
tune. When almost indigent at Fontainebleau, a strict
economy enabled her to assist others yet more destitute
than herself; while as nn empress ami a sovereign, her
bencvolenco benainc as splendid as her prosperity.
A heart so atVeetionate was indeed wortliy of atVcction.
When imperial France in the pride of victory IkiIicKI
captive Europe at her feet, sho bestowed on Napoleon
tho till.- of " great :" a medal struck to Jo.sephinc the
beneficent, proclaims the milder fame of the empress.
I".veept St.inislaiiB and herself", I know but (iw sovereigns
who hiive been tempted to deserve a similar surname —
one, indeed, not to he gained by pensions heaped upon
the minions of a court, but by acts of heavenly eln.rity,
done in the cottage of tlio poor, and near tlie sick bed of
the unfortunate.
Such is a brief sketch of all that will survive of Jose-
pliinc — the envelope of so pure a soul may be described
in a fi;w words. It is pleasing to sec a woman at once
eritimnblc and beautiftd, ond 1 have already said that in
either point of view there was nothing wanting in Jose-
phine. Voltaire himself, like tlic court imets who were
the p'.igiarisis of his panegyric, would nave applied to
her, as he did to the Marchioness de ViUettc, the Dimous
epithet of Fair and Good.
Her fitfurc was of tho ordinary height, but bcantil\illy
modelled. Flvery motion was ninrkcd by tliat pliant
case which was equally .suited to the graceful attitude
which painters love to represent in Venus, or to the dig-
nified demeanour befitting the majesty of a queen. A
constant changefulness gave to her countenance, even
when agitated by sorrow, an expression ever new and nl-
ways attractive. Her eyes were large, dicp blue, and
shaded by slightly curved eye lashes : the colour of her
hair, between dark and light, harmonited exactly \^ itli
the tint of her complexion. All who have hoard Jo-
sephine converse, anil especially those who were so for-
tunate as to he;;r her sing, imist preserve a pleasing
reriiembranee of the soft and winning tones of her voice.
Without muehcoinpass and almost without nit, (although
he was a good niLisieian,) the sounds possessed that
tremulous nirlody which elioiils so well with the feelings
of the listener. Tho notes were scarcely al nve mediuc-
rity, but the accents came from the heart ai ! found tho
heart. While she was seated on the Ihn : , lier jier-
formanee on the 'liarp ui.d piano was the ll.i me of iini-
ver.sal praise; it is true, however, that there are few
qu(( lis, who, at least in their lives, have not enjoyed ;i
reputation for virtue and talent. Ti,e abilities of Jose.
phine appeared perhaps to less advantage in the empress
than in Madame Bonaparte; but r.ii the other hand,
none could surpass the virtues she displayed in iiiipeiial
sovereignty.
Besides tlic^e ngTee>alile accomplislimcnts, Josephine
po.?Kesscd more solid acquirements. She understood
botany thorouohly ; her taste for this favourite study
erected the magnificent conservatories of Malmaison,
which honour her mcniory almost as niueh as her pen-
sions to the indigent. When her divorce had dispelled
the magic dream of power, and an abdication liad exhi-
bited the vanity of greatness, sho found consolation in
the sight of her boautilul exotics, wanned even in exilo,
by their native sun. The imperial purple was replaced
by a plain dres.s of muslin; while the brow which once
had glittered with royal jewels was still erowneil, but it
was now with a simple diadem of roses and violets.
A. the first intelligence of his mother's illness, Eu-
gene ut instantly from Munich, where he had bctn
welce. by his father in law, the king of Bavaria : but
he arr; . ^d only in time to pay her the last honours, and
to weep with Hortense over her tomb. We shall not
attempt to describe their affliction. As a mother, no
one was ever more aficctionatc than Josephine, or more
deserving of love ; as children, Hortense and Eugene
were every way worthy of their parent, and none could
feel more deeply a similar calamity.
CHAPTER XIV.
As etiquette required the si n in law of a Vcigninj
monarch to wait on the king of France in passing
through Paris, Eugene paid a visit to Louis XVlll.,
after the expiration of the time prescribed for the ob-
servances of grief. He was unwilling on this occasion,
either to style hip .elf a German prince, or to assumo
any title recalling the days of the empire : with charnc-
leristie modesty and true French feeling he was there-
fore simply announced as General Itenuhnrnais. Ho
expressed his thanks to the king for the kind treatment
oxtenelcd to his mother by the allied inonorehs, ond for
the fiivoiirs they had comcrred upon his sister.
Horton.se was under a still greater obligation of groti.
tude towards Louis, and she cemsoqiiontly paid her re-
spects to him on quilting her mourning. Both parties
to this interview enjoyed a great reputation for ccnver-
salioiial talent, although tlie sty's of each was extremely
differont. The wit of the king was academic, and its
far fotehod refinement was constantly porcoptible through
the formal politoni'.ss of a court. Horlonvc, on the con-
trary, is ever frank and unaficeted : her sensibility lends
its hue to every thought, and her goodness of heart is
expressed in every sentiment. The Inhoiir of display
and the ooriurtry were all on tho port of tho king, for
Horten.so had only to be herself to triumph in this litllo
contest. Louis, however, acquired some advantage,
from his limd conunendation of the merit of the prin-
cess with whom he had thus become acquainted. In a
Bourbon, this praise of a member of the imperial family
was almost magnanimity ; but while full justice was
rendered him lor the feeling, the courtiers and Parisians
took care to add that he had turned a rank linnapartisl.
Tho discontent of the partisans of Napoleon at tho
conduct of Hortense, though more siippresred, was
much more enduring. They ndmitted no excuse for her
visit to the king, for they could never forgive its reason.
The article in the treaty of Fontaineblsau erecting tho
Dutchy of St. Leu was to them conclusive proof that the
daughter of Napoleon wished to separalc herself tVoin
IGG
MEMOIUSOP IIOHTENSK BKArUAUNAIS.
' I IP
ii i-:. ,
W: <
the cause and ivou rrniii tlit iviiicmhianni' of liir lUllitr :
tliuy would 111 vcr lisli-ii to llu' i'i:il iiiolivcs wc liavi' al-
ready ( xplained. I'arty hpiiit is strangely inconsistent :
its apimiUatiim or its silence must be purehnsed by sacri-
fices, and yet tlicso are only rewarded willi obscurity
and contempt.
Louis Xapoleon was by no means the list to attack
the conduct of llorteiise : perhaps, itideid, he was only
takinjr udvantaiije of her present nnpojiularity, to realise
a sclienu^ projected long before. .V llinual separation from
l)cd and lji):ird already existed ; he now claimed the pos-
session of h's oldest .sou — a claim of course refused by
Ilorlenso. The attair was reterred to a legal tribunal,
where it \v:is still piiudinff, when the news reached I'aris
of the laudiiijr of Napoleon at t'anues. Wu may easily
iiuajjiue that urider such eircmnstanees, all fiirther pro-
ceedings were sus|>ended. The {jreat arbiter soon ar-
rived in his capital.
CHAPTER XV.
Napoleon, hailed every where by tlio people, and by
the very trooiis despatched to oppose liini, liad recon-
quered France in traversing it : on the ;20tli March,
1815, without striking a blow, he tool; jmsscssion of the
Tuileries. ilorli ise iuuniiliately recjuested an inter-
view ; moved by nOeetion for her adopted father, aiul
anxiety to disjul the ])rejudices raised against her in his
mind. The emperor at lirst refused to see her, but she
[lersisted in her demand, feeling that every embarrass-
ment would bo well compensated by nu interview with a
beloved relative. Napoleon at length received her j but
it was with that stern look, severe eye, and frowning
brow — with that aspect of Jupiter 'I'onans — which in-
spired more terror than even the reproaches pronounced
by his lips. Strong in conscious innocence, the (]ueen
listened without impatience, and vindicated herself with-
out ditlicully. Mapoleon at leugtli became convinced
that there was no treachery in submission to events
which could neither be loreseen nor controlled — no de-
fection in natural anxiety for the welfare of her children,
and in a residences in France when assured of a harsh
reception every where else. lie admitted that to return
civility for kindness was not a fault — that there was no
crime in sliowing gratitude to sovereigns who had given
protection, when they might have exercised injustice
and tyranny without a possibility of resistance or escape.
In political revolutions, the obligations of a mother and
a woman arc tar dill'erent from those of a man. The
firmness of the tatter, supported by native energy of
mind and body, is recompensed by glory ; while none
but milder duties remain to tlie humblu and modest fe-
male.
Louis Napoleon abstained from a jwrsonal appearance
OS the adversary of his consort; contenting himself
with despatching an envoy from Romu witli full powers.
His deep anxiety was declared for a complete reconcilia-
tion with liis brother, whom he had iu'ver seen since the
abdication of the crown of Holland ; but the condition
was annexed that a divorce from his wife should be per-
mitted. As divorces had been fiiruially abolished in
181 1, the tribunal having cognisance of the suit for the
]iossessiou of his eldest son, cuidd entertain no pro-
ceedings of that nature : he believid this, how<'ver, an
excellent opportunity for the romplete execution of his
favourite project. The eui|" i or received the individual
charged with this mission, in a manner worthy of hiin-
Bclf. " Let Louis," said he, "come when he will: )ic
shall hi; well received, for )io is my brother. As fijr his
divorce, it is a mere whim, which I could not indulge
even it' our family contract was not diametrically oppos-
ed to it." Louis remained nt Rome.
As soon lis Ilorlenso had regained tlio esteem and af-
fections of her fillier, she renewed her ancient habits of
bcnevolriiee under tlie Haiietion of imperial authority.
The Dutchess of Orleans, a princess of the blood-royal,
had broken a limb in attempting a precipitate llight from
Paris on the arrival of the emperor. The solicitations
of llortensc procured a permission for lier residence in
the capital, with a pension nuitahlu to the high station
dhe had lost ; and under the same auspices, a like favour
was accorded to her daughter the Dutchess of Bourbon
She interceded much longer, though with imiiqual huiv
cess, for a less illustrious pcrson.age, the liaron de Vi-
iroUes. His only crime was that of ardent devotion to
iin unfortunate family; and the cni|KTor could now, bet-
ter than any one else, apprcjeiate the merit of such an
attachment ; but he knew also that the baron had other
claims to iho gratitude of the Hourlionn, and ho whs
deaf to all ino entreaties of Ilorteiidip.
CIIAI'IKR XVI.
'J'hc news of the return of Napoleon startled the con-
gress assembled at Vienna to partition his empire. A
strong protest, issued against his fresh occupation nl
the tliroue, was followed by the iiuniediatc march ol
the armies of the allies. The troops of Prussia and the
Knglish forces occupying llclgium, from thciV proximi-
ty to France, naturally formed the vanguard of the
coalition. Nnpoleon hastily assembled an army, which
was less lurrnidable from its numbers than from the abi-
lity and fame of Iho loader. IJy rapid marches, the
junction of the Prussians and Knglish was anticipated,
and victory smiled I'or an instant before departing for
ever. The Dital rout of Waterloo then hurried along
-Vapoleon and the wrecks of his gnaid, involving infan-
try, cav.ilry, artillery, and baggage, in one mass of
hopeless confusion. Many ollicers and soldiers perish-
ed by their own hands, rather than survive so fearful a
disaster, (ireat numbers of the vvouiidcd were preserv-
ed from Prussian barbarity by the humanity and
friendship of tlie Hclgians. Tho despair of the surviv-
ors who Ibllowed the retreat of Na|ioleou towards I'aris,
can only be compared to the glory they had won from
tho commcuccment of tho battle until the close of the
day. They resembled a funeral procession, as they
stole silently from that bloody field which had twice
resounded with their shout of victory. Kvery French
soldier seemed a hero weeping over his country and
her triumphs. The slafl' reached .lemappos, where a
vain attempt was made to rally the moans of defence.
The very carriage of Napoleon had been lost, and a small
wagon bore the victim of Waterloo to Philippcvillo,
where ho Ibund the equipago of Marshal Soult. He
entered a calecho with General Itertrand, who was
leslined never to leave him, until ho had closed his
eyes at tho disianco of three thousand niilc3 from
Franco.
riio allies had gained a great battle; but this first
tremendous disaster might yet have been lepaired, had
Napoleon found followers at Paris sincerely disposed to
second his exertions. Fouche, hovievcr, whom he had
imprudently created a minister, busily excited the par-
tisans of the Bourbons : while on the other hand the re.
prcseiitative chamber, jealous of the emperor's authori-
ty, thwarted all his measures, assumed tho supreme
control, and engaged in interminable deb.atcs while the
enemy were at the very gates of the capital. The re-
publican opi>osition was strengthened by a great body
of royalists, who wore not long in throwing off the
mask. Napoleon was forced to a second abdication far
more painful than tho lirst ; for it was now his own
ubjocts who hurled him from the throne, and threat-
ened his very existence. A rapid succession of political
concussions had awakened all those evil passions, which
in limes of anarchy always rage without restraint.
Tho emperor, after laying down his authority, retired
to Malmaison. Tho provisional government, to whom
he was yet forniidabli', converted his asylum into a pri-
son, and appointed a jailer in the person of General
Beker, an ollicor who owed his rank to Napoleon, and
discharged the painful duties imposed on him with all
[wssible res|>ect for his former master. He was con-
soled by the reflection, that in fullilling the instructions
of tho provisional government, ho in reality protected
tho emperor from attempts upon his life. There was
now this singular diflerenco between Malmaison anil
other prisons, that it was more difficult to enter than to
leave it.
The gates opened, however, to admit Ilortonso, or
rather she arrived at the same time with the illustrious
captive. If Napoleon had not already appreciated her
unbounded kindness and allection, ho had hero abun-
dant pro<if of their existonco and sincerity. Could any
thing have enabled him to forget the extent of his inis-
Ibrtunes, or have interrnptod the sad current of rcHce-
lion on his own probable fate, and tho future destinies
of Franco, it must have been tho presence of this an-
gelic woman. Her ingenuity was unceasingly employed
ill devising new amusemeuts to divert his mind; her
compassion found tears liir irremediable evils; her sym-
pathy shared tho weight of affliction ; whilo lior enthu-
siasm roused his genius, by pointing to tho glorious
perspective, when his exploits would bo recorded in the
brightest pages of histoiy for the admiration of all pos-
terity.
Hortenso would certainly have been excusable if she
had directed a portion of this admiration to herself:
she might justly have lienn proud of ths unbounded
solf-dovolion exhibited in defiauco of tliu enoniies of hor
family, who were sure to seek every whore, new food
for their unmanly calumnies. The iiifuninus libels in
which these slanders were circulated, had been puMi,||.
ed alter the first rcsldratioti.and must have been knuiin
to Hortcnse. .She probably considered ihcin unwortlivof
notice, for she was cvei' faithful to the motto of jju
aims of Hulhmd,— " Do right, come what may."
The moment of lasting separation at length arri\((t.
Forced to abandon France, Napoleon set out from .Vai.
iiialson for Kocliefort, in order to embark upon lliat
ocean which was to Lear him he knew not wliiiljer.
.\eithcr IIurteii.se nor himself could possibly coiijeiiun
his destiny; and this uncertainty alone was siiHlcin
to lender their parting deeply afllicting : how luin,
iiioro ])ainl'ul would it liave been, could the i|uceii \as/
pictured to herself her lather falling into tho hands ,,i
Ills enemies, and perishing by a lingering martyrdom of
five years, in a dreadful climate, on a lilllo rock lust ia
the midst of the African ocean.
CHAPTER XVII.
The second restoration look place. The governnuM.
filled with old rancour and new exasperation, aniioiiiii.r.
openly a bloody retribution ; while its gloomy di^lnl.;
seemed to inerease witli the severity of its nieaswri;.
Horten.se was ineluded in the circle of suspicion : >U
was accused of planning and directing all the Bonapani.-;
contrivances, though tliey really originated in tlu' dc.
partment of police, 'i'he administration — hypocrilicil
in its justice and cowardly in its eruelty,^got up ijailr
some new conspiracy, as a pretext for o|iprcssion, and ii
order to involve the secret friends of the imperial s«av.
"njuslice and suspicion are the proper attributes of wtik
and short sighted rulers. Na|)oleon landed at CanncF
Hortcnse could alone have planned his return : he li;u
traversed France hurrying the whole nation in his train-
Hortcnse must have poured out the treasures of cornij.
tion : his concealed partisans yivrc now promoting ivm
where rebellious disturbances — it was still the inystirinu'i
power of Hortcnse that encouraged and directed sediiui
The same absurdity marked Uie behaviour of the cw
gross of Vienna towards Eugene, a prince eminently &
tinguishcd lor his fronk and honourable conduct. Tr«
return of Napoleon and his successes in France, iviti
duo neither to the machinations of a prince \villi(,a
power, nor to the weak intrigues of a woman : insleadc
ascribing the origin of tliosi' great events to such n iiii!(
iiid inadccpiate causes, we must look for it in the tjiaiu.
ful conduct of the congress itself towards the peopk«
every nation, and in the counter revolutionary spirit «'
the Bourbons and their ministers.
Hortcnse, now an object of suspicion, received ordin
to quit Franco tt.thout delay, ajid she accordin^'h' m
out, with her childit ii, from Malmaison, on tlie \'A
of JiUy 1815. Her travelling companion was riiiict
Schwartzcnbcrg, whose situation wan soon coiivcrtoi
into that of a protector. When the party arri\cd >l
Dijon, tliisy found the inunlcipal authorities re.'ulvid lo
detain the princess as a jirisoncr. This act was ci rlaiiilt
an apparent disolx-'diencc to their sujicriors at I'aiii,
who had granted her a passport, but perhaps, they wfrej
more conqilaisant in reahty than in seeming. In tlios
days of dark maehinalious, the higher |K)wers freipieiil];
entrusted their subalterns with the execution of odi(
nieasuref,\vliicli,officially at least, they all'cctedtodisau
Fortunately for Horleiise, this part of Burgundy w
occupied by Austrian troops. I'rinco Schwartzeiibiril
im.nediately introduced himself to the city autliorilii
and demanded whether he must ap|K'al to his si.ldit
for leave to proceed without interruption. Sueli nrp
incnts aro irresistible, and the travellers reached Giuct
witliout further accident.
The doiuiiiion of Franco was hero at on end, biitll
troubles of Hortcnse Hcemed only lo reeomnience. Iij
prisoniiient was no longer a subject of upprehensiuii, li
i\w magistracy would suller neither a residence in 1
city, nor a prosecution of her journey. It was cli
that they wished her to return homeward, where oni
persecution was likely to he her lot. 'I'he (Jeiin
quite as scrupulous as the French ministry, had no
jectiim to see those vexations inflicted by others, wlui
they were ton timid to take upon themselves.
Were such si'iitiments worthy of proud republicaiiisiil
The union of (ieiieva to France was their heavy bubji
of complaint against the em|>eror; but they had reciin
the rii'hest compensation. Their country had prospfi
iH'yond example: the reputation of her lite rati was (ij
tended by their admission into tho institute of I'aml
the youth of tho canton had gained decorations
glory on tho field of viet/iry : titles of nobility
been gladly accepted by the dignitarie* of the rrpiilS'l
and the di
empire of
the jietly
sovereigiit
.Ma lino.
If we ri
it was still
on iniiucei
sliuiild
whose wlio
lerlilising
eiielianling
trieateil iiei
Tlie iinli
rather in lu
to emivrrse
out a lei'liiij
view ennvei
|H'nileiit |iai
Ulllllerisillg
nllerw.irds c
pretexts of II
Ilortensc
friendly rcee
her departiir
her long sta
tlic hosjiital s
i If in the cc
f nothing but j
I those who ha
'' miss and una
f the respi'ct di
< Iratcs nobly i
\ .She was invit
j ers bad desigi
'. iint it was i
' bo coiistar.tly
; ol'.Sivoy was
, clicily gloom \
trmiieal end o:
of that terribli
tune, scarcely
'I'lie suit of L
ciiild, wliich
days," was allc
in his favour.
coin|ietent lega
siiliiiiit to this I
The soul of
misfortune, but
exhausted. W
lime, and lichel
a (Joep desjiondi
existence becaii
her whether he
or to be allowec
or forgotten. SI
sovereigns, alio
gave no orders
were compelled
hints of the Sai
tlic ill will of 111
deuce. Then, ii
(vlioni she hail e
ened her from h^
She traversed
turc assumes h
views or smiling
bat she gazed oi
an artist, and h
sketching. Her
rnse to no cntliut
nilicent cascadei
Biane. Nothing
Init the approach
not long wanting
Iliing again ol
'Geneva, she now
ronntry people, tl
•I'lves. She had
seal, liirinerly her
Yet the sanctity t
nnd the house sur
vinleni measures <
ti>i', Imt the Conn
fi'M ilisiMneerted
"line into the mid
srannil her: man
'!^;'
iiir.iioiits OP iionrExsK hewiiaknaih.
1()7
infaiiinus IIIjfIs in
, Imil Im'Cii |iuMi>li.
1 Imvi' l.ccii knuMii
1 them unworllij rf
> the iiiutln u( ilig
what muy."
\ at lengtli nrii\i[i.
1 set uul t'roiii y,i\.
embark u|)oii lliat
knew not wliitlier.
possibly coiijciiurt
iloiio wus sulliciii,:
licting ; how iiiik,,
)uld the queen Inn,'
g into llic iiniiilsu
;cring inarlyrdoiim
a little rouk lust i:;
II.
■. The govrrnnui,!,
spcratioii, aiiiiouimr.
its gloomy ili>lrii.:
rity of its moasurt:.
;le of suspiciun ; .-I*
iig all the Boiiapatlis;
jriginatud in tliv i.
itration — liypoerilici!
ruclty,— got up dail;
for oppression, and in
af tlic imperial sway.
per attributes of wiik
11 landed at Caniics-
d his return : he hio
c nation in his Irain-
a treneurcs of corro}-
now jiromotinjr iviiv
fas still the myslninai
1 and directed s( (liln. n.
behaviour of the
1 prince cuiinenlly &
Durable conduct. Tht
i-SBCs in Trance, were
of a prince willim
if a woman : iii^lraili;
events to such rniuS
jk for it in the tliaim.
towards the pcoiilioi
revolutionary spirit a
,.ieion, received oriri
^d she accorriinjfly m
^Imaison, on the Kit.
)mpanion was I'liiic
was soon convtrtiii
the party arrived il|
lutlioriticH nsulvi'ii It
fj'his act was cirlaiiil;
ir superiors at I'lrL",
)Ut perhaps, they wfti
In seeming. In llio*<
Hier (lowers iVeipicnlli
Ic execution of odiiiu!!
iieyatVectedtodisavoij
[irt of Burgundy wii
Irincc Schwartziubori
[o the city autlimilii
apiK'al to his soUit
rruption, Sueli nrf.
ellers reached ticiw
liero at an end, b\it ii
Tto rccontniencc. Ill
Jd of upprehensioii,
Iher tt rcsidenio in H
liurney. It was clij
limewai-d, where i.l«|
lot. 'I'he (i<'iin«
ministry, hadin'ij
Jeted by uthern, wluif
Ihcmselves.
1 proud repulilicaiiisiil
lis their heavy kulijiif
Tbut thcv had recoiH
l:ountry'had prosp"
lif her literati waf'il
lio institute of VtfU
lined decoratiuns i^
litles of noliilily
Itaric* of the rriiuHl
and llie (lepaitmcnt of the X,eman — a part of the mighty
empire of I'ranee— <'n)oyeil far higher consideration tliaii
the iwlly slate of Geneva — the most insignificant ol'
Fovireignties, except its sister connnonwealth of .San
JIarino.
If we eoiieede the utmost extent of the alleged injury,
it was slill wrong to avengu the faults of Napoleon U|)oii
an iniioeeiit number of his family, and above all, tin y
should never have seleeled as their victim, a femnle
whose whole life was a continued stream of b(^nevolenee,
I'lrlilisiiij; all that aiiproachcd her. It was the same
ciielianliiifr excillence of character, that now again ex-
triealeil her from the danger by which she was nieiiueed.
The malice of the authorities of Geneva was exhibited
rathiT in negotiations than in deeds. It was ini|)ossilili'
(0 rwnvir.se with Ilorlense for any length of tiun-, with-
out a til ling of devotion to her service ; and a short inter-
view converted the most violent of the magistrates into
penitent partisans. 'I'hey assumed the responsibility of
autli"rising the continuance of lier journey to Savoy, and
allcruards excused this act of simple justice by specious
uretexl.s of negligence or ignorance.
CHAPTER xviir.
Ilorlense at length reached Aix in Savoy, where u
friendly reception was extended to her — the first sinei^
her departure from I'aris. Tin- inhabitants remembered
liir long stay among them — her liberal charities — and
tlic iiosjiital she had founded and so munificently endowed.
If in the course of her travels she had hitherto met
nothing but persecution and enmity, here at least \^•ere
those who had no other sentiments than peaceful kind-
ness and unatfcctcd gratitude. In treating her with all
the respect due to her rank and misfortunes, the magis-
trates nobly expressed the feelings of the inhabitants.
SIh! was invited to remain at Aix, until the allied pow-
ers had designated her fnture residence.
But it was decreed that bcncc^fortli lier repose should
bo constar.tly disturbed. The calm an<l pleasing asp<'cl
iil'Sivoy was suddenly overshadowed by the same inelan-
cluilv gloom which had passed before her eyes aller the
lriiE;ical end of her dearest friend ; and the remembrance
of that terrible calamity was revived by another inislbr-
tune, scarcely lcs.s afflicting, and wholly unexpected.
The suit of Louis Napoleon for the custody of his eldest
fluid, which had been interrupted by the " hundred
days," was afterwards n'suined and carried to a judgment
in his favour. An agent arrived at Aix, furnished with
coinpi:tent legal powers, and the queen was obliged to
Buhmit to this cruel decree of separation.
The soul of Ilortcnsc had been already etcciicd in
misfortune, but her power of cndurani'c seemed at length
exhausted. When she liad embraced her son for the last
tiiui', and l)chcld the carriage depart tliatbore him away,
.1 il "ep desimndency overwhelmed her spirits. Her very
existence became a dream, and it seemed indifferent to
her whether her lot was to enjoy or to suffer — to depart
or to he allowed to remain — to l)c persecuted, respected,
or forgotten. She scarcely noticed the reply of the allied
Bovereigna, allowing her to reside at Ccmstance ; and
gave no orders whatever for her journey. Her attendants
were compelled to repeat frequently in her presence the
hints of the Savoyard authorities, who were ex|>osed to
flic ill will of their govornnient by her prolonged resi-
dence. Then, indeed, the fear of injuring those from
nlioni she had experienced nothing hut kindness, awak-
ened her from her melancholy lethargy.
She traversed Switzerland at the very season when na-
faro aissuniea her most picturesque asjiect; sublime
views or smiling landscajms were constantly presented ;
hut she gazed on tliem as if her eyes were not those of
nn artist, and her hands had forgotten their skill in
Bkctching. Her imagination itself seemed torjiid, for it
rn.«e to no enthusiasm before the green valley, the mag.
nilioent cascades, or even the snowy domes of Mont
Blanc. Nothing could rouse her from this fatal lethargy
Hut the approach of danger, and such an excitement was
not lung wanting.
liiing again obliged to pass through the territory of
Oencva, she now met with far less courtesy from the
cnunlry people, than formerly from tho citizens them-
wives. She had halted fm a short lime at a country-
spat, firmerly her mother's, and of course now her own.
Yet the sanctity of a ])rivate dwelling was disregarded,
(inil the house surroundeil by a party of soldiers. These
violent ineasures evidiiilly proceeded from no ptire mo-
tive, hut the courage and presence of mind of the prin-
cess diseimccrfed all the plots of her enemies. She went
uloni' into the midst of the armed warriors who crowded
arnimd her: many recognised her, for nearly nil had
seen service in the imperial armies. " lieliold me," she
exilaimed, " I am the daughter of Josephine — the child
of Napoleon — of him who loved you so well and led you
to glory. Is this the crime of wliich 1 am a(-cus( d .' I
can never lielieve it. Keturn to your iinployers and
thunk them in my name : tell them of my gratitude fiir
the pleasures of being again guarded by the soldiers of
my fiither and of France." Every gesture, every word
produced a magical cfVect on the hearts of the Genevcsi'
veterans. Respect, eoinpassiini, and admiration succeed-
ed the low impulses of hate and revenge ; until at h'ligth,
wholly overcome, they till on their knees and \vi pt at
the feet of lier whom liaply they had come to ass.issi-
inilc.
In travelling through the rest of Switzerland, Hortense
eneouiitrred other obstacles and accidents of a less dra-
matic character ; but .she at length ri ached the territories
of the (iranil Duke of IJaden, and once again the wan-
derer breathed friely, as she recollected tlic near connec-
tion between that sovreign and herself.
f'HAPTl<;R XIX.
A sentiment of politeness induced Ilo.'linsc to despatch
a (■ourier to the Cirand IJuke, to request permis. ion to remain
in liadeii : but she felt so well assunil of his friendship,
Ihat a sinqile notice of the selection of his duleliy lor her
future abode seemed sullieiont. What was her surprise
when a chamberlain arrived with a most courteous apo-
logy from his master, who found himself, unfbrtnnalely,
unable to allow the intended residence in Ins dominions.
At this period the |ielty princes ol (Germany were as
much exasperated against Niqioleon as tho Swiss can-
ton.s, and in the same spirit they sought to gratify their
vengeance by the per.secution of his family. Some al.so,
like the French municipality of Dijon, endeavoured to
will favour with llii^ir superiors by a gratuitous aeeiimu-
lation of vexations ; but it was still a most extraordinary
exliihition of complaisance, to volunteer this inquisito-
rial rigour agairst a near eonneelion. It is but just to
to remark that there were noble exceptions even amoii;;
the minor sovereigns: for honourable and gallant men
however confined may lie their rule, can never degrade
themselves into police emissaries or subaltern tyrants.
The health of Hortense — long weak and precarious —
had .suffered severely during this sad pilgrimage. In
these nionntainous regions, winter had already com-
uienccd his reign, and the inclemency of the eleniints
was thus a<lded to the iiiju.stiee of man. Not only was
there an urgent necessity for stopping Komewhere, in or
der to enjoy the advantages of constant and careful
nursing, but her fatigue of body and mind became so
extreme, that she was entirely unable to pursue her
journey. The season of trial, however, was now fiir-
tunately approocliing its conclusion. The king of Ba-
varia was informed of her critical situation, and iinine-
diately offered the wanderer an asylum in his dominions.
Hortense had here the prospect of remaining uniuolest
cd for tlii^ future, with tho additional pleasure of being
near lier brother, and of frequently enjoying his society.
Augsburg was selected for her habitation, and she was
residing in that city in 181!), when a French genlh'mnn
had the honour of an intro<luction. Wo find in his pub-
lished travels in various parts of Europe, llio following
account of hi.s visit.
" Returning to France in 1810, after a long residence
in Russia, I stopped at Augsburg, where the Dutchess
of St. I.eu was then a resident. She had formerly ;iet to
music some toninticcs of my conqmsition, and I used
this as a pretext for soliciting the honour of presenta-
tion. The obliging manner of her prompt answer gave
additional value to the fiivour it conceded.
" I had hitherto only known her by report. Some
Russian officers who had accompanied the Emperor
■Vlexandcr to Malmaison in 1814, had spoken tome of
Hortense with so much enthusiasm, that for the lir-^t few
moments, it appeared as if I saw her again after a long
absence, and as if I owed my kind reception to the ties
of ancient friendship. Every thing about her is in ex-
act haruiouy wifli the angelic expression of her face,
liiT eoiiversiilion, <leineanour, and the swee,- as ,it her
voice and diLqinsition. When she s|)eakrt of an affecting
incident, the language becomes more touching through
the deplii of her sensibility : she lends so much life to
every seine, that the auditor becomes as a witness of
the transaetioii. Her powers of delighting and instruct-
ing arc almost magical, and her artless fascination leaves
on every heart those deep traces which even time can
never efface.
" She infrodurcd mo to her private circle, which con-
fiisted of the two children nnd their tutors — somo old
ollicers of her liousehohl — two female I'riends ol' her in-
fimey, and that living inoimment of eoiijugul devotion,
the Count l.avallette. The conversalioii soon became
general. Tbey (|iiestioned iiK^ almiit the Ukraine, where
I had long resided, and (n-eeee and Turkey, thrnugli
which I had lately travelled. In return they spoke of
Bavaria, Saint-Liu, the lake of Ciinstaijce, and, by de-
grees, of events deriving their chief interest from the
imporlunt parts played hy the narrators themselves. Wo
dined at live. I afterwards uceompuniid the dntehess
into the ganhii, ami ill Ihi^ ii.\v momeiiLs then enjoyed
of inlimalc eonver.satioii, I saw that no (last praises had
ever been exaggerated. How aiimirable were her feel-
ings when she recalled the death ol' her molher, iinil in
her tragic recital of the death of .'Maiiaine de Broe !
But when she spoke of her ehililren, her brother, her
friends, and the fine arts, her whole fitrme seemed to
glow with the ardour of her imagination ; while good-
ness of heart was display! (I in evi ry fi'atnre, and gave
additional value lo In r other estimable ipialities. In de-
scriliing her presrni silnalinii, it was impossible to avoiil
menliipiiing her belovid France, the subject of her con-
stant grief ' Voii are returning,' said she, ' to your
native eomitry :' and tho last word was ...ononneed with
a heartfelt sigh. I had lieeii an (■ .le from my cradle,
yet my own eager anxii'fy to revis!, a birlh-plaee scarce-
ly remembered, enabled me to estimate her grief iil the
thoughts of an eternal separation. She spnkc of flio
measures adopted for her banishment with that true re-
signation which mourns hut never murmurs. Af>er two
hours of similar conversation, it was inqiossilile to decide
which was the most admirable — her heart, her good
sense, or her imagination.
" We returned to the drawing-room at eight, where
tea was served. The dntehess observed Ihat this was a
habit learned in Holland : 'though you are not lo sup.
pose,' she added with a slight blush," ' that it is preservi d
as a remembrance of days so brilliant, but now already
so distant. Tea is the drink of cold climates, and I hafo
scarcely changed my temperature.'
" Numerous visitors came from the neighbourhood,
and some even from .Mmiich. She may indeed leirarii
Ibis anxious allention with a feeling of proud gratifica-
tion : il is based upon esteem alone, and as a tribute, is
t'lr more honourable than the tiresome adulations of
sycophants while at St. Cloud or the Hague. In the
course of the evening we looked through a suite of rooms,
containing, besides it few masterpieces of the different
schools, a large collection of precious curiosities. Many
of these elegant trifles had once belonged to her mother,
and nearly every one was associated with the remem-
brance of some distinguished piTsonage or celebrated
event. Indeed her museum might almost be calKd .an
abridgment of contemporary history. Music was the
next amusement, and the dntehess sang, accompanying
herself with the same correct taste which inspires her
compositions. She had just finished the series of draw-
ings intended to illustrate her collection of romnnriK :
how could I avoid praising that hap)iy talent which thus
personifies thought f Tho next day I received that boau-
liful eolleel ion as a remembrance. Time will render it
more precious, though I have ventured lo render it less
rare.
" I look my loavo at midnight, perhaps without even
the hope of another meeting. I left her as tho travel-
ler parts from tho flowers of the desert, to which ho
can never Iiopo to return, But wherever time, acci-
dent, or destiny may place mo, tho remembrance of
that day will remain indelibly imprinted, alike on my
memory and my heart. It is pleasing to pay homage
to tho tiillon greatness of one like Hortense, who joins
the rare gift of talents to tho charms of tho tenderest
sensibility."
It will bo remarked in this extract, that Hortenso
has found again many of the elements of happinea.i.
Though not reunited to her husband, his feelings to-
wards her have been greatly softened. He has eonfJrred
tho greatest and most affecting favour that a inothnr
can receive, by returning their cldost son. Thus tho
current of her life glides tranquilly alone, in the midst
of all that can consolo an exile. Her children are
about her, and she is surrounded by friends to whom
she is almost an object of adoration ; these, as she is
wont lo say, are far greater blessings than the suliniia-
sion of subjects, and tho pride of royalty.
CHAPTER XX.
Tho clearing of tlio political horizon now enabled
Hortense to visit Rome and the family of Napoleon.
Augsburg is no longer her place of rosidoiice ; she has
■ . '{I
'■;,♦'
■.■*■,
if
W.{ ■;(.'
:T«a
■■!■:!
'A
,;^
KiO
niRiUOIRS OF IIOUTENSE DEAITIIARNAIS.
'<'
ZV*'-
-j:;
If ^>>*.'J- .*
selciited in prcTereiico a uoiiiilry scat railed Iilndiiii, on
tlio banka <>l° the lake of CViniilunce, which i» equivalent
to nayini; tliiit il8 cnvirnnx arc romantic, nnd its prnti.
|>eels ninj.f.iilicont. It u hero that bIic |>usses tlio sum-
mer nioiiUn.
I'ni^onc and his consort paid hor fiequont vinilx, and
iiprin una patlict. tar occuiiion, their stay wasi unusually
;-:ilr>nijiii. Th* emperor of Austria, who had contract-
^'11 lliirJ nmrriiijrc with a Bavarian princess, dauLfhter
t>i' Maximilian JoKCpli, came with the empress to vi'<it
his latlier-;:i-lu«'. 'i'he ceremonial at the reception of
his com. clinns vN'as of course regnlalcd by German eti-
quette, aiul he licsitated in payini; the like honours to
the wife of Eufjciie, an to her sisters. No doubt the
xiima inflexible forms would have denied to Alaria
I>nuisa the precedence due to tier exalted rank ; and i^he
who was once the empress of the Freneh and queen of
Italy, now ranked ut the Austrian couit after the last
"(the anhtlutchesses. The viiequecn was no siioncr in-
formed of the scruples of b'rancis, than she availed her-
self of a very simple ex|)odient to extricate him from
emharrnssnient, and herself from unmerited insult.
She left .Munich with her husband, and resided with
Ilortense until the departure of the cniperor.
The constant atlaehmcnt of this estimable princess
10 her husband, was proved by the violence of her grief,
when ho was shortly afterwards carried off suddenly by
11 stroke of aj)0|>le,\y. The loss of a brother, so aifec-
tlonato and so fondly loved, sienied to revive in the
sensitive mind of Kortciise all her old misfortunes,
AUj'rsburir ond Munich, where she hud been accustomed
to see him constantly, becar.in insupportable, and she
ri^solved to piss her winters el.sewhcre. She now visits
alternately Konio and Florence, always returning; in
summer to the banks of her favourite lake. It was at
Itomc, and at her country scat of Arrenenberg, that she
became acquainted with an Knjrlish lady of dislinijuish-
cd talents, who, at our request, has ^riven us the tiillow-
ing skolcli of the impressions received fioiii her visits.
" The Dut,clics8 of St. Leu formed her principal csta-
blishmcjit on the banks of the lake of C'onstance« where
gIic was less exposed to the hateful system of espionage,
and further removed from the bustle of the (treat world
in which she had once reigned a queen. In this de-
lightful retreat, she was accustomed to spend eight
months of the year, passing the remainder of her time
at Aug'<burg or Munich; but, since the death of her
brother, the painful n'mumbruuces constantly awakened
by those cities, have induced her to transi'ur her winter
re&idenco to Home or Florence. The sunimer brings
her bajck to Aircnenberg, and to the cheerful company
of many of hor dearest friends, especiullv the (irand
Dutchess Stephajiie Beauharnais, and Madame Pas-
quier, formerly attached to the court rS H.^-nd. The
style of living nf the Uutchess of lit. Leu is juinp-
tuou«, without that freezing etiqui tte 80 common,
ly met with in the great. Her housi hold still cull her
ijuetn, and her son prince N.ipoleon, or Louis; but this
is a mere habit, preserved through respect, and allowed
from friendship. The suite is composed of two ladies of
Jionour, an equerry, and tliu tutor of her younger son.
She has a numerous train of domestics ; and it is among
tliem that the traces are still ubsetvalile of by-gone pre-
tensions, Iting since abandoned by the true tioblencss of
their mistress. The foruior queen — the dauahtor of
Napoleon — the mother of the imperial heir apparent —
the relative of twenty kings — has returned quietly to
private life, with the perfect grace of a voluntary sai;ri-
iicff.
"Tho dutchesB receives strangers with inoxproesiblo
kindness : ever amiable and obliginjj, she is endowed
with that charming simplicity which inspires ut lirst
sight the confidence of intimate aHectiun. She U u good
Jistenar, and remembers all who have ever approuL'hed
hor: at each successive intirview you appear to have
made a new advance in her regard. A pointed word
shows that she has not foriroltcn tiie former conversa-
Balinn, and you arc encouraged to continue the same
subject by questions expressive of interest. She speaks
freely of the brilliant days of her prosperity ; and history
then flows su oatiu'alLy from her lips, that more may
ha learned as a deliglUexl listener, than fiuiii all the
false or exaggerated works su abundant every where.
'J'hc dethroned queen considers past events f'runi such
an eminence, that nothing can interpose itself between
her and the truth. Tiiis strict impurtiulity gives birth
to that true greatness, which is a tliousand times pre-
ferable to ail tlie spUndors slie lost in the flower of her
age.
"1 liavo be«n admitted to tlicintimicy of the UutchossI
of St. Leu, both at Koine and in the country : I have
seen her roused to enthusiasm by the licautios of nature,
and HurrouiiHcd by the pomp of ceremony: but I have
never known her less than herself, nor has the interest
lirst inspired by her character ever been diminished
by an undignified sentiment, or the slightest selfish re-
flection.
"it is impossible to be a more ardent and .tasteful
admirer of the fine arts than tho dutchess. Every one
has heard her beautiful romance$, which are rendered
still more touching by the soil and melodious voice of
the composer. She usually sings standing, and although
a finished performer on the harp and piano, she prefers
the accompaniment of one of her attendant ladies. Many
of her leisure hours are employed in painting; minia-
tures, landscapes and flowers are equally the subjects
of her pencil. She declaims well — is a delightful player
ill comedy — acts proverbs with uncommon excellence —
and I reuliy know no one who can surpass her in every
kind of needle work.
"The Dutchess of St. Lou never was a regular beauty,
but she is still a charming woman. She has the softest
and most expressive blue eyes in the world, and her
light flaxen liair contrasts beautifully with the dark
colour of her lung eyelashes and cyebiows. Her complex-
Ion is fresh and of an even tint: her figure elegantly
moulded : licr hands and feet perfect. In fine, her
whole appearance is captivating in the extreme. She
speaks quickly, with rapid gestures ; and all her move-
ments are easy and graceful. Her stylo of >ircs8 is
rich, tho'igh she has parted with inostof her jowils and
prccioii'i stones. Among tho remaining ornaments, j
have 'icid in my hands tho enormous chain-work,
whii'li bound the haughty standards of the Venetian
rcpub ic, when they were sent by Napoleon to Paris, as
a prct y present lor the youthful Hortcnsc."
CHAPTER XXI.
[The following little sketch, by a writer of eminence,
presents a memorial so exact, and at the same time so
graceful and touching, of the demeanour and habits
maintained in privacy by the distinguished lady it seeks
to portray, that its introduction here (from tho New
Monthly Magazine) will doubtless be welcomed by the
reader. It will bo found most pleasingly confirmatory of
the impression which tlie preceding memoir is calculated
to convey.]
In the early part of lost summer, I chanced to find at
Paris the advci tiscmcnt of a Swiss retreat, which, for
vagrants like myself in search of a few months' repose,
struck me as being all in all. There was something pic-
turesque even in tlie name of it, the Chateau de Wolfs-
berg ; and then it was situated by the comparatively un-
travelled lake of Constance, and was tlie property of an
old soldier, who had been chosen from his bravery to
command the body guard of Napoleon, and was married
to a ci-devant dame d'konneur of the expatriated Ilortense.
It was just the place, I fancied, to roll upon the grass
and hear strange stories till the warm weather was over ;
in a few days, therefore, I had glided through the grceii
vineyards of France, toiled through the beautiful gloom
of the Black Forest, and was standing upon the moun-
tain top which looked down upon my journey's end.
Tiic pros|)ect had none of the abrupt outline and sur-
prising ett'ect which is the general character of Switzer-
land.. It looked like the native land of repose, and its
blue midulaf'ons, intersected by the distant lake, and
nelting into the sun-lighted snowpcaks of tho Tyrol,
seemed to melt into the heart likewise with a home-giv-
ing welcome. Tlie pros|x;ct inspired no expectation
which was not uinply fulfilled. The chateau was ni>t
unlike one of our elegant cou;itry houses in England,
and looked down upon a slope of' a quarter of a mile,
which varied from wood to vineyard till it stole into the
calm wutcrs, and lell the eye to wander with white sails
and hunt out little steeples on the opposite coast of (Jcr-
iiiaiiy. To tho right and the lell, it was but a moment's
walk to be lost among !iut-grown dells and mazy rivu-
lets ; and if you maile an adventurous ride of a lew
hours, you might hear the Tyrolean song of liberty
chanted above the clouds,
I'he lady of the house had lived all her life in courts,
and her husband had never before been out of a camp;
so that neither the one nor the other had been exposed
to the contaminating plague of ordinary English and
French society : they could think other nations nearly
as good as their own, could form an opinion without
adopting a prejudice, and know how to be polito and at-
tentive witliout heing unnatural and otUcious, Ramble
where 1 may, I shall never find more interesting ainuw;.
ment than 1 did in tho conversation of this will-sortid
pair. The vicissitudes of their lives, keeping pace wilh
those of their patrim^ had brought them, it seoinrd, Into
contact with all the interesting |)cople in the world, and
I contrived to pick ii]) in my idleness a fund of biograpM.
cal knowledge, which it is odds if I could have collcclpd
from books by hard study. The cause for such unlikclv
persons for a life of seclusion being in this retired nitua.
tion was praiseworthy fidelity to Ilortense, the Dutelus,
of St. Leu, who had a house not far distant, and Ijuir
reason for establishing a home for stray travellers wm
that of having overlooked, in their zeal, the inconvenience
of one some twenty times too big lor themselves.
There were, in addition to this society, two cr tliroe
young French women, who had been brought up in tin.
same school with madame, and were making a teiii|jo.
rary residence at the chateau from the suinc motivr. |
shall never forget the romantic pleasure which I used >o
derive from scronibling about the woods with this llfhi.
hearted company, — the mirthful screams with wliidi
they surmounted their petty perils, and the horror with
which one slipped into the rivulet, or another was cauglii
in a bramble. Then we had a stud of docile ponies, lie.
longing to the establishment, which we used to canterio
a stand-still, and then we used to finish the day by glij.
ing over the placid lake, and singing and sentimentalising
by the light of the stars.
In these little voyages we used frequently to pass lie.
ncath the calm and unpretending abode of the ex-qiirfn
of Holland. It was situated half way up a green hill,
well wooded with ornamental timber, through which it
afforded a partial peep, just sufficient to remind iny com.
panions of their favourite theme of conversation. Tin-
affectionate veneration with which they described their
former patroness as living a lite of content and simple
enjoyment, under banishment from her native country,
and the calumny of a world with which she had rea.son
to be tired, inspired me with a wish to be presented to
her. It was, however, rather dilficult of accomplishincnl.
There was no pride in her, it was said, beyond the dw.
nity of a sujierior mind, but this had obtained such an
inlluencc over those about her, that she was no less a
queen in her retirement than w hen she had really pos.
sessed the power. All, therefore, that my friends coidd
promise me was, to let it drop that there was a stranycr
ill tho neighbourhood, leaving it to Hortcnse's knowledge
of the interest attached to her to suggest tho meaning of
such information.
Meantime, I was taught every day something more
interesting respecting her. The fortune which she had
iKcn enabled to save from the wreck of her family, was
devoted mainly to the service of those of its follower.)
who had been less successful ; her house was the rendez-
vous of talent, whatever might he its description; and
her powers of rivalling it were not inferior to her taste
and generosity in its patrontige.
She had staying with her at the time, besides her two
dames de coiiipagiiie,-wil\i her younger son and his tutor,
the poet Casimir Dclavignc, his brother, who is also i
distinguished dramatist, and other friends, whose taste
lay in the same way. Amongst their amusemciiLs, there
fore, it was determined to get up a theatre, with a vuiicly
of little Vaudeville pieces, that all in turns iniglit have
characters to their liking. One of my rambling com-
panions, a blaek-cycd piece of witchcraft, whom Natare
had made for nothing but sportive idleness, was to play
a part, and consequently the aflaira of the green-room
possessed a double interest for me. I used to walk nilli
her through the vineyards to her rehearsals, and a|>.
proach as near the house as I could, in the hope of liciiig
asked in. I could never contrive to be seen, however,
and was obliged to lie down under a tree, or catch tisli
in the lake, till my little friend was re.idy to return. M
last, in spite of having been described tis ties' Jislin^ue,
ill my own country, fiir so-nething or other which could
not exactly he reinemhercd, I liegan to give up all hope
of an introduction, when, one fine evening, as we were
all distributed about the lawn in little groups, (lor our
party had been increased by several errant English,)
there was an alarm that Ilortense was coming to visit
madame. As I saw her winding slowly up tho hill, willi
all her company in three little summer-carriages, the
elegance of the cavalcade, in scones where elegance wai
so rare, was exceedingly striking ; ond 1 could not help
thinking that she meditated a call of ceremony upon the
stranger part of our community, I was well pleased to
find my surmise correct.
The appear.-inee of Ilortense was siieli as could not fail
of exciting admiration and kind feeling. Her countr.
nance was fii
hion of "a per
mt beyond tl
in.ijestic. SIj
I the piir|)osed
i{ land, as, havii
■f a li'W days
.f she then spok
ns according I
had ill agitatii
I l»Mr with su(
i| lending. All
' elejaiice, whii
hi r lunishiiien
ll man who ba
. iniseil tliat she
i;re.it rival, he
'I seductions of si
S i.li.>icd his wholi
' At last the
pot licyond tin
i.iuriti! bijou, U|
that terraces an
tics could do, '
■^ views which wc
•m woods, and in
» over them, were
§ them doubly bci
* snnll vine-clad
ijleains tremblln
Iher you had a i
from its brief re
tails of SchafThi
MjHjn the tender
ivarnily in the w
"i vajwury steeples
;, tlic waters, whic
I aw.iy you disting
I ing constellations
I land and lake ant
jrity.
W lien I cnterci
I Bmall rooms filled
i giifrcd in her theal
I iiieuls were ornam
I was shown an ex
Strait of Josephine.
I full of niclanclioly
I ponding attitude u
H shrubbery. I shot
f^< from the sadness
I must have been ps
Iliad ceded her hou<
lot policy, and had
■the true value of 1
jresi{;iKaioii was s
Itouching, with sue
|iiielo-(lraiiiatic styh
lofit was quite a Ics
|] found more pictui
|ttr of which was oi
I afterwards found
Ifor, llioiigh I never
she was able to rea
|ii the midst of a t
kverc open to the pi
■gain — a piece of hi
Bance tlirougli the <1
■n increased intercs
luhment to licr ui
fc;iportuiiity of ascei
llance in each by
Vm much alike, ai
Ven an admirable e
111, indeed, as her h
liinple dignity, more
Ir their class in nioc
khen .Xajwlcon placi
|rescnce of countless
iiT slaves— the huini
fnult before him to
leart which he confe
led her as an emp:
loldtlic pair in thei
Joiifuscdly seeking to
|ii?hl wound the Ilea
r the intelligence tl
Iniiierited mortificatii
T lie attributed to ar
fi'itment of her moti
|iliilcd not a vestige
•resting aiiiuK.
Ihis wtll-Kortcd
'|)inp pncc wiih
it spriiicd, into
llir world, and
1(1 of bio^raphi.
il have collided
>T sucli unlikely
lis retired nitiia.
se, tlic Diitclii ss
st:int, and tluir
y travellers was
e inconvenience
•mselvoH.
.'(y, two (.r thrre
fought up in tlic
linking a t(.ni|ic.
same motivp. I
whieli I used <n
a with this licht.
uns with wliicli
1 the horror with
other was cauglji
docile ponies, lie.
used to oan'.er to
the day hy glid-
1 gentimentalisin;
MF.MOins OF IlonTENSE nKAI'IIAUN AIS.
160
iicntly to pass 1*.
c of the ex.qiiren
up a green hill,
through which it
I remind my com-
inversation. The
;y described their
intent and simple
•r native country,
;h she had reason
be presented to
f accomplishinenl.
d, iM'yond the dig.
1 obtained sucli an
iho was no less a
she had really pos.
L my friends coidd
!re was a stranjer
tense's knowledge
!st the meaning of
something more
Iru'. which she had
pf her family, was
of its followcrj
ie was the rendc^
description; and
[ferior to her taste
Ic, besides her two
(son and his tutor,
pr, who is also a
lends, whose taste
luuscmcuts, there.
(tie, with a variety
lurns might have
ly rambling com.
ift, whom Nature
[less, was to play
the green-room
lised to walk with
^learaals, and a|i-
he hope of licing
|)C seen, huwtvtr,
Iree, or catch fisli
ly to return. At
lis tie/ dislin^ur,
Ihcr which eould
1 give up all hope
|iiig, as v.-e were
I groups, (tor our
|crrant English,)
coming to visit
ip the hill, witli
.'r-curriages, the
bre elegance wai
II could not help
|cnioiiy upon llie
well pleased to
as eould not fail
Her couiile.
aiicc was lull of talent, blended with the mild e.xprea-
ion of "a perfect gentlewoman ; and her figure, though
not beyond the middle height, was of a mould altogether
maiestic. She lamented that she had not sooner knnvvii
the piiriiosed length of our stay in that part of Swit/ir-
land a.", having conceived that we were merely passing
a |e«- day!<, she had been unwilling to occupy our time;
she then spoke of !ier regret at not being abli^ to entertain
us according to her wishes; and finally told us, that she
had in agitation some little theatricals, which, if we eould
luMr witli "^"^ trilles, we should do lier pleasure in at-
tending. AH this was said with a simple and winning
eleifaiiee, which made one's lieart ache, not so inueli I'or
her'bunislniienl, as for the taste of the epicurean old gcii-
tl.nian who banished her. And yi!t, if he had really sur.
iniscd that she was guilty of plotting the return of his
iTcat rival, he was not altogether without e.tcuse. 'I'he
wduetioiis of such a traitress might possibly have uiiloy.
ulised his whole court.
.•\t last the evening of the play arrived, and I really
(»ot beyond the gate of Hortense's abode. It was a fn-
vouritt^ bijou, u|H)n which no taste had been spared. All
that terraces and trellice-work, and woodbines, and e.xo-
tics could do, was seen in [lerfection. And then the
views which were in some places aftbrded through the
woods, and in others, by their rapid descent, eairied
over them, were broken in a manner which rendered
them doubly beautiful. From one peep you caught the
I small vine-clad island of Reichman, with its cottage
I vleams trembling upon the twiliglited lake. From nno-
3 thcr you had a noble reach of the Khine, going forth
4 from its brief resting-place to battle its way down the
'} falls of Schaifhausen, and beyond it the eye reposed
' upon the tender outline of the Black Forest, melting
^i warmly in the west. In a third direction you saw the
,4 vapoury steeples of Constance, apparently sinking in
1 the waters, which almost surrounded them, and far
( away you distinguished the little coast villages, like fad-
i ing constellations, glimmering fainter and fainter, till
M land and lake and sky were blended togetlier in obscu-
When I entered, I found the suite of three or four
Ismail rooms filled with company, but Ilortensc was en-
[gaped in her tlieatrc. The walls of the principal apart-
merits were ornamented with pictures, uniongst which I
was shown an exceedingly interesting rull-longtli |)or.
i trait of Josephine. Site was a pale, graceful woman,
[full of nielaneholy expression, and reclining in a corrcs-
I ponding attitude upon a bank overshadowed by a somhr;
:3 shrubbery. I should imagine (for I forgot to enquire)
fl from the sadness which pervaded the picture, tliat it
llniust have been painted after its hardly used original
Ihad ceded her honours to her husband's unfeeling views
lol policy, and had been taught by solitude and sorrow
[the true value of human greatness. The sentiment of
|rtsij;ii;;licn was so well expressed, so tender, and so
[touching, with such a delicious absence of the usual
|inelo-<lraiiiatic style of tlic French school, that the sight
[of it was iiuitc a lesson in philosophy. In the next room
II t'ouiid more pictures and u lew busts, amongst the Inl-
ttr of which was one of Lord Byron, with wliose works
afterwards found the dutehess to be perfectly familiur,
[for, though I never heard her attempt to speak English,
phc was able to read it with facility. Upon a pedestal
ill the midst of a saloon lieyond, two sides of which
kvcrc open to the precipitous landscape, was Jose|ihiiie
jain — a piece of breathing marble which seemed to ad-
vance tlirougli the dim twilight like a spirit. There was
in increased interest in tliis duplicate of Ilortense's ut-
ihment to her unfortunate mother, for it afforded an
B;iportunity of ascertaining the strength of the resem-
blance ill each by comparing them together. They
ere much alike, and both proved the original to hav(^
ren an admirable subject for the artist ; as good a sub-
rl, indeed, as her history, which presents situations of
liinplc dignity, more afTecting, perhaps, than any thing
Y their class in modern days. I thought of Josephine,
then NaiMleon placed the crown upon her head in the
presence of countless myriads, who were content to be
ptT slaves — the humility with which she is said to have
^null licfore him. to receive her honours — the pride of
art which he confessed himself to have felt when he
cd her as an empress : — then what a contrast to he-
kold tlie pair in their domestic privacy ; the husband
onfuscdly seeking to unveil his purpose in words which
kiight wound the heart, and the meek wife fainting un-
Vr the intelligence that her days were to ho ended in
[ninerilcd mortification and divorce. Was it, I thought,
I be attributed to an unexpressed resentment of this
tojtinent of her mother, that the house of Hortense ex-
lihitcd not a vestige of Napoleon, nor, with tho excep-
tion of her ehildreii, of his race ? 'I'liis fnc t was sin-
gular, and cniisideriiig her love for the fine arts, niid
particularly for the portraits of tlinso wlinm sh<' viiliiid.
eould not have bi'c'ii without a reason. 'I'lie diic vvliiili
struck iiie might not have liccn enrrtcl, but, if it was sn,
it was surely niitlier devoid of greatness nor of teiukr-
iiess.
In turning my eyes from the statue, the first tl'iti;.'
that eauglit llicm was the lioihc of I*riiKi Eii;:i nc,
built by hiiii iit a sliiu't (listnnee, that he iiiiijlit shine llii
snlitiule of his exiled slsl'T, but which he never livid tn
iiihaliit. Here was aiiiither I'uui'rfiil claim to syiiipatliy.
She retired Irom a eapriiinus world In iiiiiKe llie lust ol
it ill the society of all atli'cliiiiii.te brother; and liilc-,
as tlinugh it took the part of her eiieiuirs, dries up this
source of coiisnlalinn li!;r\vi>r. Siiri'ly, I ihoiiglil, there
must 1«' sniiictliiiig exlraordiiiary in this woiiinii, wli'i
can retaliate the crosses ot' forlniie, and make liirsiH
happy ill spite of them. Was it incapability of feeling '
Her attaehiiieiit to tlinse who had siitlered ill eomiiioii
with her, was a proof that she pns.-essed feeling in no
ordinary degree. Was il a dignity of eiidiiranee whieli the
mass of human kind were not nbletniindeistand, beenuse
it wns so far above them ? It" so, how pitiful v.:>h the
triumph of those, who ontriiged the memory she had
left behind her, like the iiiiinth^ on the horns of the
beast, to be buH'cted bj' blind and impotent malice I
I was drawn from my reverie by perceiving that the
company in the other rooms was muking a iiiovemi nl
towards the theatre, which was tijrmcd in a buililiiig at
a short distance tiom the house. Itiiid infinite credit to
amateur artists, and was filled aeeordiiig to its deserts,
tor to use the orthodox phrase, there was not even
standing room. There must have Ikcu a gathering ol
the clans for weeks around, to proilnee so many pair of
baronial whiskers; for the town of Constance, like all
towns which have fallen under the Austrian dciiiiininn,
was ruined and depopulated, as if the plague had been
in it, and had scarcely a grandee to boast of.
The first piece represented was a scrap of sentimenta-
lity called " L'Espreuvo d'Amour ;" in which the hero
reeomniends to his mistress a variety of lovers by way
of trying her attaehmentto him, and eventually, being
satisfied by the ordeal, proiiosed himself. The heroine
was played by the dutehess, and in a manner which
made iiic speedily forget that it was the dutehess, and not
the actress, that I came to see. She had, indeed, a iiu
tural cast of melancholy, and a natural grace which ren
dercd her little task no dilficulty. Even when she was
not speaking, one would have said that the stage had
been her exclusive study ; and the silent tremour with
which she returned her hard-hearted lover's picture, is
associated with some of my choicest theatrical recollec-
tions. I regret that I have not the means of giving a
few extracts from this dramatiele, for, whether I'rom the
habit which we have of thinking things good which
have only been wejl said, or whether it really pospessed
intrinsic merit, I am inclined to think that ii had some-
thing in it which would improve the breed of English
farces amazingly. It certainly is a matter of congratu-
lation that wo have emerged from the whining days ot
C'umbcrlaiid and his imitators : but still there is afield
of simple and interesting nature, which might spring
lip most becomingly between the territories of broad
grins and bloody daggers. It would give a character of
literature to what is now considered an achievement
only fit for those who can do nothing else, and might, [ler.
haps, be a stepping-stone towards comedy liersei'', in all
the pride of her five acts.
The next representation was of a brilliant bagatelle
entitled " Le roitfeur." Before the curtain wns drawn
up I could not help feeling nervous for my little friend,
who was to exhibit the lesult of three weeks' |)alpitatiiig
anxiety, and some thirty miles travelling to rehearsals,
in the principal iemnle character. Siie was equally
afraid at first, and looked as if she had not quite made
uj) her mind whether she was not ashamed to act her
part, or to run away. She, however, soon became aware
that she was thought bewitching, and played with a
spirit which not only won the heart of the young bar-
bar, but sundry oti.'ers with which she had no business.
For my own part, having had a bitter quarrel with her,
in consequence of her insisting that Sir Hudsoii Lowe
had poisoned Bonaparte, I found it absolutely necessary
to humble myself and lieg pardon.
After the pfty, wo returned to the house, and found
preparations made for dancing, which began with a
wali-ji. I wns told that somo of tho Germans performed
their evolutions lo perfection, but I cannot say that I
admired this accomplishment so much in it." native
land, even as I did in England, It socmcd that, to ex-
eel, it WHS iieeessHry, in lieu of the Hwininiiiig, and now
and (hen not iiiii.nae(^liil liintioii of my rstei'iiied coun-
liywoiiicri, to s|iiii rounil lilie a lei'-loliiiii, with a w lig-
!;lii!g suit of a hop, as if one leg were slmiter tli.in the
other. 1 inaiii- il linv iiiisucces>fnl attcmiils lo distill-
:;lli^i|| iiiy^eir, but was at last obliged to give in, i'oi fear
lliat I slioiilil tear my partner t" riif;s in the vain en-
ilcavmir to keep step. By degrees, the lolks grew
H;i(lily, mill iiiaiic way iiir a qiiadiille, of wliicli my pre-
viciiis fiiliire reiideivil me rather shy. 'llie oliiir.i cum
iJinnitiite wiiieh I luul promised iityself, was iiol, hovv-
mer, to be enjcyii!, Ilir I was pnsciitly biniight out of
my iiirinr by a li;[;lily ilattering luit sonieuliat uppall-
iiig ii:vil:,tioii til slaiiil ii|i witli the duleliiss. I was in
lliel the only Kii^lislnnaii of our paity who had vcntiir-
I'd to eiiiiteiiil lor liinii.iir upon the fanliislie toe, and
was invited. I imagine, partly in s|m..\, anil partly I'rom
eonipbiisaiiee to my iiatjnn. As liiek v.'oiihi have it, I
rejireseiited iiiy tribe witliniit e.ui>iiig any |<artieiilar
.leeiileiil, anil, imiecd, with consiilcrabe success ; liir a
young Krenchiniin nsvincd me that 1 really daiiceil very
well — that was to say, not rrnj well — nut so well as a
Freiiclinian, but quili: iicll eiiutitiU lu jiliaisr hi)/.s(7/'. I
was 'lot, however, inclined to break a lance with him,
for he allowed the (lancing of the dutehess lo be qiiic
good enough lu please nlhir people. There was an ub-
senco of every thing French from it. It was a pastimo
and not a study with her; and she moved with the free-
dom of youth, tempered with the dignity that beeanio
the matron. This unpr'^leiiding and spontaneous grace
of nature has always struck me as being the only
beauty of dancing in priv.ite society, and certainly it is
a beauty irresistible. It is, in liict, a pantoiniiiiie dis-
play of the mind, and as sueli is as deeiilidly uliovu tho
doctrine ofjirofessors as it is in opposition to il.
In the intervals between the dances, there was somo
singing, to the aeeompaniiiient of the piano. Here again
Hortense was perl'eetly at home. She sang several .songs,
of which I allerwaids found her to be the unacknowledged
composer, and to which the writer has often listened
with delight, with a feeling which, like her dancing,
could never have been taught. Amongst these was the
beautiful air of" I'artant pour la Syrie," which will be a
fair guarantee that I do not say too iiiueli for the rest.
'I'licre were afterwards some well-bred endeavours to
find a few English songs, which I am happy to say were
unsueccssfiil. The Freiieli caiiiiot understand our n usic,
for it is altogether the note of another species of bird.
Moore and our distinguished comjiosers have made no
progress in proportion to their nierils, and, in a liap-
liazard meeting with one of our national perfornionees,
it is odds but that we have reason to be ashamed of it.
By this time the hour was gitliiig late, and, as the
company hi, ran to thin, the remaiiidcr were dispersed iu
little parties round the various tables of drawing-bocks
and works o( belles-lettres. I chanced to place my hand
upon a splendid allmiii, and liad the farther good Ibrtunc
to seal myself lii>ide a heautiliil young dcdiie dc cum-
piiiriiic of the ihUehess, who gave me the history of all
the treasures I found therein. Whatever T found most
remarkable was slill the work of Hortense. Of a series
of small portraits, sketched by her in eolciirs, the like-
ness of those of which I had seen the snhjcels, would
have struck me, though turned upside down. She had
the same power nnd tlie same nfleetimiale feeling lor fix-
ing the remenibrance of places likewise. 'I'he landscapes
whieli she had loved in forbidden Fiance, even the apart-
ments which she had inhabited, were executed in a man-
ner th:.t put to shame the best ainuteiir per!'orii!aiices I
had ever seen. There was a iiiimile attention lo fidelity
in tlieni too, which a reeollei lion of hi r pnsent i ireuin-
stances eould not tiiil lo bring liiiine to the spi c tator'.^i
heart. 'J'liere were, besides the labours of the d^itchess
numerous adiiiirable sketches by some of the hesi artists
in France. 1 recollect one in particular of a si me in
which (ir taste tiir the picluresque and the melandioly
must '• • been completely gratilied. She was -ilting
amr -. i ic ruins of Rome hy iiuionlight, a [laviv of
I'rien.i! .. lining gracefully ar("iniid her, and th.' poet
Delavigne in front reciting a tragedy. In most ,■ . oplo
this situation would have been smiled at as son/, nliat
roniantie, but in Hortense it was perfectly in ke. ping.
UiMii and tragedy had been too busy with her to hi her
seem out of place amongst them.
I know not when my interest would liavo coe! 'il in
this mansion of taste nnd talent. Towards morning I
was obliged to take my leave, and I doubt if there was
an individual who returned home by that bright moon-
light without feeling that Hortense had heen horn some
ecntury and a half too late. For nii age of bigots and
turncoats she indeed eceincd unsuitcd; in that of true
^V'
I'f
^'•;
■'•
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1-
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m
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r::.l
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r*:
iMt,
170
MK.noiRS C)I' IIOETIWSK ukaiiiiarnais.
'•K •it»
ll^'-'^
r J '''■•". IX'
IMJT
u * a.
If » J
\ik-
poetry iiiul Inisty c,iv:ilii'i>, hIh^ would \\:\\c. Iji'iii :1k'
siilijivt of till! Iii'st rliyiiios iiiul rciiconlii's in roiiiaiilio
Friiiici'.
AlliT lliis I saw lii-r iVdiiu'iitly, liulli iit Ikt own
hoiisr ;unl at ^\'(j|l'>liir;,r, mul 1 iicm';- loiiiid any lliinj; Ici
destiny till' iMi()rrs<iiin whicli I rccc ivi il on my iniro
dnc'tinn. lnd('|icinl<'ntly ol' llir intncsl atl.u.'liiil to Wv-
si'll', slic liad always in lici- c'i>ni|iany sonic person who
liud made a noise in the world, and liad lieeonie an oh-
jeet of c'nriosity — one while a distiniini-ihed painter or
poet, and one while ii hatlered soldier, who j)rel'erri d
restini,' in retirement, to the iinpntalion ol" ehan;jin^' his
polities li)r ad\ aiH'ement; then a ;irand chik<' or dntehess,
\vhi> had nnderi^one, perhaps, as nianv vieissitndi^-^ as
liersell'; and tinally, the widow ol' the nnl'ortnnale !\Iar-
shal Ney. 'I'liiTe was sonulhin^r in the hist of these
rharaeters, partiinlarly wla n associated with llortense,
niori' intcri'stinj; than all tlie otiii'rs. She was a hand-
some, hut i^ravc and silent woman, and stilt clad in
moiirninij liir her hnshand, whose di'atli, so I'omncled
with the hanlshmiiit ol' the dntehess, eonl<i not I'ail to
render them decplv syinpatlielie in each other's I'ortnne.
What a melancholy comparison of rclrospi'etions, 1 nsed
to tliiidi, must the.-e two havi' made when none were liy
to lislin totheml What late discoveries of the imperii
tion ol plots, (if indei'd they wer<' <'Ver eonsniled in any,)
which eonhl only sneeeed cnonj;h to render tin' sitnalions
of those who Icirmcd them worse than liel'orel What
iMixious er.snislry upon the jnslicc of history, as to cM'ots
whieli ari' mysti'rions cviii to the a;;e existing.'-. 'I'he
nnnisi'nients provi<leil llir all this I'ouipany consisted ol
sni'h as I ha\e menlionc d, evpi dilions to varions heanti-
t'nl spots in the ncii^hhonrhood, and mnsic pai'lics on the
watcrs. 'I'lie last of these nsed sonktiini's to have a
lireuliarly romantic elfi el ; l(>r, on /i/c (/«v\ llie yonni;
peasani jrirls, all !.'hlterinj' in tln'ir (golden tinsel honnels,
wonhl push olf with their sweethearts, lilic mad thini;s,
in whati'ver hoats tin y eonhl llnd npon the iicai'h. I
liave seen them paihlliny their little fleet ronnd the
dntehess's hont with all the enriositv ot' savaj^es ronnd a
man of war, and tillini; up the interval of soller nnisic
with a yell, which, provided yoii lieanl il a mile off, was
liarmonions in the cxtrcmcl
For the crenllemcn there was likcwisp the Wii/".'"', at
which they hilliil their time pleasantly (nionj;!!, if tliey
killed nolliin;r else; for to eonli'ss the truth, I am
(rrievoiisly iif llio opinimi that tliii French arc hnl
cockney sportsmen, and the (lermans no lietter. I
witnessed a /•Int.isi in the iieiijhlioilihiioil, whieli had
well iiii;li put an end to my {|aiii:inj; (ten iritl fii(>iii;!i
In jiliiisr nii/nrlj'. ( >nr party, as was usual there, eon-
sisted (d' sonii' where lulween twenty and thirty shoot-
ers, who, with thoii prodi^'ioiis jraino-lia^'s Ntrapped
liehiiid anil helliri", looked exactly like old elothes-incii.
There was likewisn a rej;iineiit of little hideous 'loys,
dressed ill cocked hats, and looking; as [rrotcsipie as the
devil ill D.'r Freisehntz. 'I'liis corps of llihlicrti^'ihhets
wa< iiiarshai.ed into tlie lailher end of a wooil, io howl
(lerinan and tiiikh' hells ihroii^'li it, 'ill thei;ainewa-
fri;,'lilencd into tits, in tlir iiiean time, the |runiicrs
had slallciied tlicniselves at intervals aloiif; the other
three sidi's, each coi'iniaiidin,'; a little narrow palliway,
so that when an uiiliirtunate roelnn k eanu' skeltering.'
down, he nn;;lit lire in his ficc, and send him hack to
lin terrified liv somehody (dse, 'I'liere happened to lie
plenty ol' i,Mnie, NO tintt when the hov\liii:; heiran, the
t;iiiis went as merrily, a" eiai'keis on the ,1lh of N'oveiii.
her. In the midst ollh" hustle a poor hare was mukiiiy
llie hcst of Ik r way close liy nie, and, my next m iniilioiii
prviviihiitf iiyamst the possihihly of hciii); too late liy
liaiit'iii;; oil' liolli harrils liefore he mw her, I had the
Biitisfactioii ol' perei'iviin; that she jrot clear olV. Alt
telliiw-sporlsnian, however, wlio was an olil soldier,
mill thoiiirhl no nn.re ol a linvlinir-piecc than he did ol
II p'lji-unii, waH di lerniineil to lose no cridit tiir his
dexteiity. " Wiili'i, .Uiiiiiii IK," he kIiiiiiIi'iI, " ivii/.f Mil
;ii/i r.o/;; .' J'lii tin mlir run iiiiiihin fdiiii riiiii Iniirliir,"
^VIlcn the «ii/(e was over, we made mmhIi llir the
killed and wounded, the sum total of whieli wis one
ol'iuir fliiinsnii.t, who was indeed pitco'isly pi'ppered.
At li'ii(;tli the lime iirrived li>r me to led jiilieii In
Svvll/erlaiid. Il was ariiiii!.'eil that I should i ' int tin
l.'jiy vMlli a Huiull parly ol' my Woll'sheri; I'rie 's; unil,
uii I Vinmi,' or two liefore we dep.irtcd, we jia.i! ii leave,
luki: 1, visit Id the iluteheHS, S\u: expic.ised liiileli
|Milil .euiet III our inttnition, iiml ^'ave ii4 a inrdial in-
Mliitioii to iim vv onr iieipiaintain u with her in the
uiiit"! ut Itoi 'I . llir caie iiideiMl to ieuV' a (rood
inipr'ssloii 111' her I'liendly diNpositioii ii|iiiii onr iiiiiiili'
wnK oirceiiiniily malifyintf. f^lie proleiiKril to lakii iin
liltcrvsl III lliu plaiiH wliieli vaelj of u« had furiiKil, mid,
when lior experience i|iialitied her, jjave iisi iiistriictioiis
liir onr travels, llcr descriptions ofthe jilacos, and cir-
cumstances of her own, weie fjiveii in a manner which
convinced mo that 1 had only seen the surface of a
mind, whieli, with more iiilimale kiiouled^'e, «rew
more and more rich. She sjioko of the beauties ol' i:a-
lure with a ijiiicl cijllinsiasm. v\ hii h was pure poelry,
and touched upon chaiaLlei and literature willi all tlie
power, hilt without the venoiii, of the aecoin|ilislied eri-
lie. Jf llortense should evi'r occupy her leisure hours
hy writiiiM- lirr memoirs, they would tijrin one of tlie
most interi sliiifT works of llie ajie.
\\ hell wo rose to depart, the iiiylil hciiij,' fine, she vo-
Innleered lo walk part of tho way lioini! with ns. Siie
came ahonl a ipiailer ol' a mile, to where she could
e iiand an uiiiiilerriipted view ol' the lake, above
whieii the i.i.ioii was jiisl llieii iisin;i —a I'litjc led oi b,
which shot a bnriiiiif; cdhiinn to her liet. '• I will now
bid you allien," she said ; and we left her lo the calm
conlemplalion of frraiiileiir which lould not fade, and
enjoyments which could not lii'lray.
'I'liis was the last I saw, and perhaps shall ever see,
of the aeeomplished llortense; but I shall always re-
member my liriel' acipiaintaiico with lici as ii dip into
days vvhicli (f.ive lier loiinlry the tliaracter of heiiif;- the
most polished of tiiitions.
Slttcn nuDi KUuBtratfons.
NtvrFSON Cir.M'TKU I.
Some interesting; details of the iniprisonniciit of the
\ icoiiite de lleaiiharnai.s, and of the heliiiviour of his
children, will he foinid ill the liillowinj; letters, extracted
I'roiii the " Mcmiiirs ofthe Fmpress .Inscphine," the llrsi
of the French series, entitled " Miniiiiits I'viitiiiiiJii-
Mintiiiiii' lie Ihiiuhiirniiistn her aiiril, MadiWic Fining dc
litiiiilirirtiiiin.
" Voii would h.irdly believe, dear aniit, that my eliildreii
have just niidcr!|onc a loiiir ^iid ininnte cxainin itioii I
That wicked old man, tli- inemher of the eoiiiiuittic,
whom I have already mentioned to you, called upon iiic,
and atl'cclin;; to feel uneasy ill re;rard to my Imshand,
and to converse w ith iiic respectinjx him, he opened a con-
versation willi my chihlrcn. 1 ackno'.vlcd;:e that I first
Ii II into tin snare ; what surprised me, li.iwi ver, was the
sudden atl'.ihitilv ol' the man; he soon hctrayid himsrll,
however, hy tlie iiiali;:iiity and even hillcrness which he
disjil.iycd, when the children replied in such a manlier as
to L:ivc liiiii no advaiit itie over tin ir iiidiuppy |>areiits. 1
soon penetrated his artliil intentions.
" When he liiiird me on my ;;uaril, lie threw otV ihc
mask, and adiiiitliiiL; that he was dcsircil to procure iii-
liirmation I'roni my childicn, which. In said, iiiifrht be lie
more n lied on, as il would bear the sfaiiip of candour, he
entiled upon a .iriiial cxaminalion. .\t that nioniiid I
Ii It an indcscriliable cnioli.in, and the conllii lin^r cD'ei Is
of fear, aiiL'cr and iiidi;;iiatioii, allcrnali ly at work within
inc. 1 was •veil on the point of openly liiviny vent to iiiv
Ii I liii;,'s against the hoary revolutionist, wlicii I rcllcctcd
that 1 luiirhthhy .so iloiiii;, iniitcrially iiijiiri .M. ilc Heaii-
harnais, auMiiist wlioni that atrocioiiM villain appears to
have vowed pi r|Ktiial einuity ; I accordiiii;ly chccki il my
anirry passions, lie desired me to leave him alone witli
my (liildren; I iitlcinptcil to nsisl; hut his leroeioiis
trlanie coiiipi Ih d me to (,'ive way.
"Ilc conliiied llortense in ii i Inset, and iHjraii to put
ipictioiis to her brother. .My daiiu'hter's turn cnne mxt;
as li.r this child, in whom he discovcreil a pieniatnre
ipii IviiisM iiiiil a piiiilratinn fir iihovc her ii|;e, he kipl
ipicstioiiin;j her I'lr a cleat li ii^'tli of time. ,\tlcr havilii;
soiimlcd them iespeclm;;our i oiiiniiiii lopicH iil'eonverHii-
tion, onr opinions, the \ isits and letters we wire in the
haliil ol' 111 civiiii;, but more partienlarly the occnrrcincs
they iinulil liave wil.icsscd, lie came to the iili.in (iiiint, I
iiieiin till cxprcHsions Used by Ali vaiidcr. .My children
jrave very jiropcr replies, mic li In tint iim were sniti il to
their n <pi I live dis|Hisiliiiiis; and niitwilhstandliit' tin .irt.
tidncss ol'a iniscliievoiis iiuin v\ In ohji 1 1 is to discover
irinll, the frajiknesKof my son and the ipiii k |k iietnitioii
of my damihli r ill>coiiceili d his low cimiiiii;;, mill I'Veli
delealiil the olipi t he liad in view.
"What list 14 it iiitendi d to make iiflj^' rcplicH of two
cliildn o, whose liiijjniiue was that of ti.ith' they can
only reilomid to the tnninpli of iniiiKii ce iiiiil the iIih-
Ijraie of my liilsli.iiurs ,ii ciiscrs. \\ ill t.iey lin- ■• the inn
rat{i< to lirinit th.it examinalloii tiirwiird, if i dionld lie
productive ot'lliia tloiililc i liirk upon ijicir |iroeiidiiii;s <"'
To llie aiime.
" ,'My ti'eliiiirs were yesterday n prey lo alternate srns-
tioiis of pain and pleasure. My hiishand had exprosst'd
a desire to see his chililreii ; and thanks to onr fin:injij.|
aiiy^cl his wish was complied with : but in order tn 5|,j,
their youtlifnl feelinirs, 1 determined to send llain ...
once, and Nevil undertook to usher them in. For son,.
days past they had been told that their t'atlier liavin,,
lalleii ill, had placed hiiiiseir under the care of n ceKbv
I'd physician, who lindiiii; the air iiinre pure in ili,..,,.
lace ol'the l.nxcmhonrfr, and plenty of vacant space, li,,,!
liken lip his abode in that ediliee. The first ii'.lervj,»
went oil' very well, if we except the remark iiiailii.
llortense, that her papa's apartments were vcrv m i
and that the oatlents were very nnmeroiis. \\\; ,, ..
came to my .urn, the children had already Idi i!|,|
ll.lher, a worthy door-keeper having, at .Nevil's iii>ii-.
iialion, rcinoved them out of si^rht, and left tliciii u,.'
some nciixbhoins whose notice they liadattracti il In ili, ,
youth, their position, and their iimoeent mania r«. |
dreaded their bciiis.' witin'Mscs to our tender niiii|:,
which took jilaec diirinjr their alisciiee. Alexamli r, u,
bears his imprisoniiiciit with (rreat forlitnde, vvi.
at tirst, proof aL',aiiist my tears; a larined however ^ i,,
exicssive emotion, I used my endeavours lo calm il,;,i-
bc^'-an ill my turn to con.sole him. Our cbildn n an ,f
made tin ir appearance, and this [iroved ii t'resh cri.i,
which was the more painful, as wc had to disL'iii-ic I'rm
their kiiowlcdfre the cause of onr c-notion.
" Hortcnsc, who is all eandonr, was liir a loii"^ lian' |i„
dupe of it ; and in the warmth of her alVcetien kIic wim: j
to persuade ns that wr were wroiijr to j^ive way tii ..■.
row, and that her papa's illness Wiis not a ihii(;criaiv (,[,,
llortense li.iil put on that little | visli and nc;,Mlivi u j,
iicr which, as you know, so well hecomes her: * Itru :;
believe that pap.' is ilP' said she lo her brother, 'at'in,
rate, his coiii[ila!iit is not sncli as doctors can cure.' \\\'
do ycai iiieaii, my child, said I, intcrrnptin};- her; ili; i ..
think that your Ddlicr aril I have connived In ddo
you :' ' P.irdoii nie, mamma, but I do think so.' '{Vy
sister, what von are saylnjj is ver^ odd,' observul Iji.
);ciic with wnrinlh. ' It is on the contrary ipiii |i|ij:
and natural.' What do yon iiieaii, madenieiselli ' l.ijm
said, assiiMiin;r a severe look. ', "surely ,' ciintiiiui'il iIk
arch little i;irl, ' alp el innate parents may he all0vv.1l 1,
deceive their children, when they wish lo spare lliiii
fceliin;s " So sayinjf, she nulled into my anus, sm
threw llcr own ronnd her liither's neck. Siniks anil Ion
added to the etrcct of Ibis liiniily scene, which my Kii;ii»|
rendered still iiiori aircctinj,' by his caresses. Sweit i-|ii||j;f
In- is as endenrin;,' iisliis sister iMvitty; hiiili have |iii|in,|
10 been a source of di lijilit to iis; why arc tiny, iii||it|
prc-ent crisis, to excite our liveliest anxiety, anil In i(.f
ciisioM me in parlienlar an inileserihahle sensiiti.iii >t|
pain wliicli 1 am imalilc lo conoiicr, and Iiml il virvili'
lieiilt to contend with ' I have no apprclicnsion niiiiul
own accoiint ; hnl I am in the iilmo-l terror inal afr
cniiccrniiijj thcniaiid my dearest Alexaiidirl
" The occasional vi.dts of my chihlrcn, and the unril
nvi rlicaril and |iickeili pliy my daiiijil' r, had ciialiliilli,:
to jjniss that her fatin r was a prisoner, Wc .•iikiii.r.l
ledyed to her what it was no Imijier in onr power tiiiiir[
ccal. 'What has he done " 1 nipiiri d ilortiiiM'. llT
brother layin;;liis usual timidity aside, was also nniniil
to ki.nw tiie motive of Ibis net of severity. We >l
have foiinil it very dillicnlt In assij/nany. Siii;Miliirc
nf pnvvcr, t'liilty and cnntcin,itllilc siritcli of arbilrarv i|
tbniily, hIiIcIi does iint cs.apc a child's piiiilrali
which all the wnrld Hliiiiild oppose, lliou)(li tin one i"
veiitiires to coiiipliin.
"Mtli' we will piiiiisli your acciiserM.' cxcl.iiiinil II 1
lense, 'ns s.ioii iis wc arc slroni; eiioii^'h.' ' He uli hi.nJ
child,' said her I'.ithcr ; ' if yoii are nverlicaid I ain l^'f
vou.and your niellnr would he line'" lo siitli r li'i «|«.1|
lii^ this lan;;iiaiie, and we iiilirlit net tlieii injny lli< e.;
solatiol, of liaviiiy alforileil 110 preli nee for tin ir iini'i
tri atmeiii.' ' Have vn not oOi 11 to' 1 iin,' ob'.i ivhI I
ei lie, ' liii.t it was proper lo rcsi I nn ucl of iippir..i,'
' .Villi I ii(;iiiii repeal it,' rejoiiicij my Inishand ; 'em . 1
.liiet nin-t, liowi VI r, tic ijiiidcii hy the rules of prim!
and whoMiiver i|i empls lo deliai llii viewH of liiim
iiiii-.t Is ware of Mvvakcniii)! it from its slnniln is.'
"liy di (Jill s, the 1 .nivi rsation ' mU a tiion il
turn. Wcl'orirot our pri hi nt inisforliines, and iiiiliil.u|
in t' iider rccolli 1 Iioiih, and in plans for (lie liitiin . \ <
will ri aili'.y i npp"sc tli.it 'oi' caiiic in lor a xliari nf ihtil
' I wish my aunt 1 vi ry liappini ss,' suiil Alcxinnlir, » .1
11 KiiiiliiiK eeiinti nam e i ' in verthi lesr, HN ihc liiiin'
never hi iiilciestiii|j 11:1 \« hi n inider llie cti itiiiiint )
Mirriiw, ? coiild w i II that liir a Ii w ilnys 'iiy miiit'.iiiitiil
'i
niK.lIOIRS OF IIORTENSK lilOAril.VItNAIS.
171
V Id iillcnialc'sciisj,
1-1111(1 Ii;m1 rx pressed
lUs to lUir iri'.uniiaii
lilt in iiriliT 1(1 s|i;ir,
■(I In s-i'iid lliciii y
llCMl in. I''(ir sni;;t
tlicir IuIIkm- li.uiii,
ic r:nT iil'ii cclclirui.
rirc puni in llu- jii,
iil'v;ic:iiil s|mcc, lij,;
'I'lie first iutcninv
ic iTinark niailc lit
lis were very nitili,
iiiiicrdns. WliMiii
il iilrciuly Ici'i i!i,i,
jT, lit Ncvil's iiW(_.
uml Icl'l tliciii ur,
iii(liittni(l( (I liy III, I
iKiiriit iinniKip. |
nil- tender iiieiii:,.,
ce. AleMiiKJcr, «•„
I, riirlilnile, w;is n«.
ruled lidwover iillm
vdiirs t(i mini il, aij
Our (;liil(lr( ii aj«in
rnvcil II tVesli crisii,
liiid lo disiriii-ic trim
iiolidii.
lis liir a l(in}r liiiiclV
• !ilV('eti(Tn slie WMii! :
• to yive way in y.
iKit a (Imj^eniiiy it
isli and !ie(;.itiv( u j
Tdines lier : ' l>o \ ;
1 licr lirotlier, ':ii .,\.
(tors call run.' \VI
■rrii|iliii(i' lier; ili. \
' e(iniii\('d tn (Im,!
(1.1 Ihinli sn.' '('■
J odd,' iiliMiMil I
cdiitrary ipiii p!?
iiiadciiici^cili ' I:,;
■iiirely,' Kiiitiiiiiiil i',
ts may Tc allinv.il i,
L- wish to spiire llsii
1 inlii my nriiiMiii|
1(. Smiles ami l.fril
ic,wliieli my l'!ii;ii»l
aresses. Swei-I ctiiitl [
tv 1 ImiiIi Imvc lii'lii'
« liv arc tliey. iiillil
iiiiNiely, and In i'\
rilialile scilsiiti.iii
, 1111(1 filid il vi r) (!;.|
iipprclieiisiiiii on itii|
iio't tcii'ir mid ill :
lexaiider I
iliiri n, and llu «f4|
lit' r, liiid(iiidili(ll«!|
SlilKT. \S'( lukll'I
ill iiiir pnwi r In
rill? ir">l
lircd iliirleiiM'. Ill-
Lidc, u as II
Ik('\'(
iity.
W,
ly. Sin^rnlnr iil«i
11 till orarlnlrary I'l
eliild's pdlclrall-
I tli<iilKl> "" """' '"
|s(-rH. i-X(-Miiiii a
I.' 'Ili->il.ii
-rlicard I "in
II snil'i r fei »
|l till II ( iijiiy 111'
-.• for iIk
i IIM,' oll-( I'Mll 1
1 11(1 iiriippr(»i'-i
liii^liaml ; '(
rules ol' |iriii!ii
,i(HH ol' IUalJl|
Its sliimlii I"'
iiU II iiiori (I
Irliiiii'H, and iiiiliN.i'|
Illir Ilic liiliiri. Vi
lor II «liureiiril"»|
ill Ali-\iin(lir,«i
.1, n» llic iiiiif" '
the i-\iiliiiiiiil
lile
ere raiiiiliariscd witli captivity ; it
idd
s,i,.-.ri-st 111 hrr pen a spli-mlid cIcKy, and llic poet's iiiia(ri-
iiali'iii, whilst iiniiiorlilisiii',' li(-r prison, would n-adily
riHisiili' hei" ''"' li''^'"^' '"'•'" """ "'''" "miatcs.'
' " Wlial thiiili yon ol' this wish, my di-arcsl nmit .' yon
will iierliaps see in it my hiishand's an.\i(-ty llir your wi-l-
t'cP-; liir niv pirt, as I l.nc yon more lliiiii 1 do your
liiii-lrv, I 1'"'^' ''"■'" " '("'••""'■y wish; 1111(1 at llii^ risk of
' ,if„'i.ver sliarinj; the (flory ol't 'vid or of.Madaim- dc la
Siizi-, 1 rceomnicnd you to write on in prose and n-taiii
the eninvineiit ofvour lihcrly, in order thai you may al.so
iiiiliil;;eiii tin inelinaliou you have most nt heart, that ol
ddinirV""' '" y""" ''''l«>v creatiin-s."
We add ii letter from llic vicomte, w-rill(-ii iinnie-
(liali-lv Ill-lore his cxc-cntiini, and oii(^ from .losi-iihiiu- to
her eliildr( Ui aiiiiomieinjj thi^ death of their father.
Lust li III r from jM. itc lirnuhnrniiiit /o/.in U'//('.
('onei(-rf;erie,
Nifilit of l-lie "til llii-rniidor, year !i.
"I have V(-t a few minutes to devote to alli-etion, ti-ars
n„j ri-irrel ;' ainl then 1 must wholly )ii\o niyself up to
the clcfV "I' '">■ fall' and to thoii!,dil» of iinmortalily.
W'hiii yon receive this lelti-r, my dear .liisi pliiiii-, your
hilsliaiid will liaic ceased to live, and will hi- last in;; true
cxi.sleue'- ill Ihi- hosomof his Creator. Do not ueep lor
hiliii llie Hiel<(-d and senseless lieinys who siirxivi- him
are iiiore worthy ofyom li-ars, for they are duiiiy iiiisehief
wliii-li lli''V i-iiii never ri-pair. Hut lei us iiol ehnid llie
|ireseiil iiioiiii-nts hy any Ihoiifjhis of their ;,niill; 1 wish
(111 the contrary to lirii;lili-n tin in hy the ri Ih-elion that I
have enjoyed the all'e(-lions of a lovely woman, and thai
(iiir iiniiin wiiiild havi- hi-i-ii an iiniiil(-rrii|itcd course of
)ia|i|iiMess, hill for errors wliicli I was too late lo a(-k.iow-
l,i|i;i- and alone for. 'I'liis ihouylil wriiiffs U-ars from my
t \i >: llioiinli your /generous heart pardons me. lint this
is ii'i lime to revive tl-e re(-olle(-tioii of my errors and
y.iiir wi-on!,'f>. What thanks I owu tu I'rovidciice who
uill ii-waiil you !
"'I'lial l'roviil'-ii(-e now disposes ofiiic licforc my time.
"'' ■ ■■ aii'ilher lih-sniiii; fur which I am ^riatefiil. Can a
leh,
I, at
isl
II
..ys Ml)'
niiiil miiiiH
lirliiiiiis man livi- hapiiy when In- sees the vv'holc world .1
pr. V lolhi- wicked ' I should ri-|oi(:e ill hi-iii;; taken iiwiiv,
u-erc il iiol for the tlioiii;lit of li-avin^r those I love hcliiiid
UK'. Iliil if the Ihonyhlsof Hie dyim;- are prcsciilimeiil .
siiliiclliiii^' in my hi-'irl lellsiin- that these liorrihli- liiili li .
ricK an- liiawin^r lo a c-losi- ; — that i'\eciitioiii-rs will in
tlliir liirii heroiui- victims, that the arts slid scicnci-H will
nuaiii lloiirish in I'laiice; that wise and moderate laws
will lake plai-c ot' cruel sacriliccs , and that you will at
liii;;lli enjoy the liappini-ss which you have alwiys dc-
n-i-M'il. Dm cliildn-ii will ilisi liar^^e Iho ili hi for their
rallier
" i n-sunic llicHC ini'iilicrent iiiiil aliiinsi ille^rlhlc liiicR,
wliii II wi-rc iiitcrriiptcd hy the cntraiiec of my jailers.
"I liavi- ji.st siilimillcd III a enii I (-er(-iiiony. whi
iiiiili-r any oilier clrciiinstancis, I woiilil liiuc risi>l...,
Iliesai riliecof my lili-. Vi-t w liy shoiilil we ri-U 1 ii|,'ain
iii'i-cs-ily ' ri-axoii l( lis iih to iiiake the lii-st of it wc can.
My hair lias Is-i-ii cul otV. I had sonic idea of hiiyinj; a
|url of il in ordi r lo leave to my wile and ihililrcii im
iiiii-ipnviii-al phil^e of my last n i'olle(-tiuii of lliciii. Alas!
lay 111 art hn-aks at Ihi vi ry Ihoiiulil, and my ti-arsjiiilcw
llie juper on whii-h I am wriliiii;. Adii n.iill that 'l lovel
Think of nil-, and ilii not fort;i-l llial lo die the \ii-lim ot
Ivraiils and the inailvr of liln riy, sliu-du liihlie on llie
H-afl'iild."
Mtitliimrilr Hiiiiilhirniiii liihir Chihlirn.
"'I'lie li.ind whii-li will dilivi-r this In you is falllifiil
iiail Miin-. >'oii H ill re(-(-ive il from a friend who kiiiitts
anil lias sliari d my sorrows. I Know iml hy what iiei-i-
iliiil -he li.is hilherto In-Ill spared. I call this anldi lit
ll-rliiiiale ; i.|ic n-i;iird-i il as a i-alamily. ' Is il iiol dis.
i;riii'. I'hI to live,' said she ycslerii.iy, ' when all w ho are
i;i"«l liiiK- the lioiioiir of ilyini.' " May In lueli, as the
iiwanl oilier eoiir ijjc, refuse her the fatal honour she de
niri-i!
" \s liir ine, I am i|liiililii d liir that lioiiour, ami t am
|iripiniii(; iiiysi If llir rceii\ina il. Why liim ilim-asi
•jiiiiiil ini- Ml loii^r ; Hut I imist not murmur. Ah ii
uiii, I iiiiulil to lollow the full- of Illy Imslniml; and can
tliiTi iniu h- any liite more (jloiioiii than In iisri ml tin
i-i.illiild ' Il Is a palciit of imiiiorlalily piircluiM-il hy n
pi-iiiipl and pleasiiiir di-alli !
" My I liildri II, your father is ilcatl, and your tiiollii-r is
iiIhiiiI III liiHoU' liiiiit lint, as In fore thai liiiiil htroke, ihi
iinwi'.i.iiiK leave me n few iiioiikiiIm In iiiysi If, I w isli ti
iinplevthi-ni III wriliim In you. Socrali h, wlii-ii i-on
ilniiinil, philoMiplii-eii Willi liiu tliM'ljiks i ,i iiiutlHr, uli
the point of iinduri!jfoin;; u ; imilar iiiti-, may discourse
with lii-r ehildri-ii.
" .My last sinli u ill he for you, and I wish lo make my
last words a kistiin; h-s.son. 'I inn- was w-|ieii 1 ijave you
lessons in a more pleasing way ; hut the present will not
he till- less iiscl'nl thai it is /.'ivcii at so serious a nioineiit.
I have the weakness lo wall r it willi my tears; I shall
soon have the coura;;e to seal it with my hlood.
" llillierto it was ini|iossihle to have hecii happier than
I have liei-ii ; while to my union with your fillier 1 owed
my li-lieily, I may venlmeto Ihiiikanil to say that lo my
e!iara(-li-r I was indelilcil I'or that iiinoii. Il met Willi I
many (lillii-nllies, hut without arlilii-uor (-Iforl I iivi-ieame
;li(-in. 1 loiind in iiiy heart llu; nu-aiis of v\ imiin^r tlii-
atl'eelion of my liiishann's ri-latinii-i ; patitiico and ^eiitlc
iiess always siii((-ed at last in (;aiiiiii;j the yiiod will of
others, 'i'oii al.so, my dear (-hildrcn, pos.sess iialiiral ad-
vanta;;i-s wliii-h eo^t lillle and are of (jrcal valui- ; hiil you
must learn how lo (-iii|iloy lln-ni, and that is what I slill
li-el a pleasure in leaehiiiir you hy my e.-^ainph-. * " "
" I lived with our aunt iienandin, thai e.M-elli ill woman,
lliat kind pan-Ill, that wnrlliy soul, of wliinii we have .so
often spok(-, and who has died with ;;rii-|' at seein;r In-r
niree saerilice(l,as she loiin laiii(-iili d, when her liire.-iijhl
separ.iled us. I say her foresiifht, thmi^jli pi-rhaps it w.is
then only her limdm-ss.
" ( 'in-nmslanci-s hromilil lo Marliniipie a handsome and
nil rilorioiis yoiiiii; olliei r. I may he pni.iil lo praise liliii,
he W.I.-, your falln-r, who al^er iiiakin;r me a happy wife
was deslincd lo render im- a niolher at once bkssevl and
imforlmiate.
" 'I'Ik- hnshand of .Madanie I'eiiaudin ii.anafjeil not only
his own pl.iiilalions, hilt those which the .Al.\l. I'l aiiliar-
nats inherited. 'I'lie projiriety of our union ap|ieari-d im-
ipictliiinahle, especially as the iiiarria;;e, planned hy the
two families Ihr your imcle, had not lii.s a|ipi'obutio,i, hi-
h(- havin^j made aiiothi-r eliuice.
" Here I must record ']iv ;'raliliide I owe to my (-.\eel-
li-iit hrollier ill law, w hii has iiiidi r Miri'ins eirciniislaiK-es
t;ivcii me prools of Ii ,- most sineen- frii-ndship, thoii^jh lic
was of quite adilhi- nlopinioii from your liillnr, who ciii-
liraeid the lu-w iilc.is with all the enlhiisiasm ol'a liM-ly
iiiiai,Miiatioii. He fancied liiM-rly was to he M-i-iired liy
ohtailiin^r concessions t'ldiii the kin;; whom he venerated ;
hill all was lost, and nolhiii;; naineil lint aiiarchv. \\ ho
will arrest llie torrent, O (onl .' unless thy powerful hand
I onlr'il and restrain il, we an- undone I
" l-'or my pari, my chilihcn, i am iihoiit to die lis yoiir
lal her died, a \ielini of the liny he always oppi.scd, hut to
which he li'll ,1 .sacrilice. I leaM- lill- withonl li.itrid ol'
l-'rancc and ilsass.-issins, wlioiii I despisi- ; hiil I am peiii-.
Iraled with sorniw- llir tin- inisforlunes of my coimtrv.
Honour my memory in sliarin;; my sentiments. I leave
for your iiilieritaiii-i- the tlory of your linlier, 11..1I the
name of your mother, whom some whoiiave Ih-i-ii mitia'-
tillnile will hear in lenieiiiLruine. j.o\e, repi'et,iiml liiii-
cdii-tioii."
Ai-eordin;; to the same work, Maila'iu I'aimv dc llean.
hariiais look the iinforliinalc childn-n ii..d(-r lii-r protce.
lion, dnriiiir (In- impiisomnenl of tin ir parents.
" Alailniue l-'aimy dc Id anIiariiaiK look iiiidi r Imi earc
llii- chilih'en of Mailami- Alt \andi r ih- lleaiihiiri.nis, ihir-
iiii; llu- iii^priMiiimcnt of that most exei Ik lit of mothers,
who I M-r rclamcil a lively re(-ollei lion of I Ins fivi.iir. Her
i;ralililile Inwards her aiilit was imlioiimlcil, nor did the
eiiiraL"-ini I '" w liii-li her ell \a'.i-d rank aOerwarils impoM-d
upon liei, induce her at any tune In relax In the d, iiioii.
stralion 01 her si-nlimcnls ; she always calk d her a Hiriinil
r.uilhn, a illc justly due lo one wliii lilt a truly iiiiitcrnal
leiidi riii-Hi for III r.
" No ilo'iht can 111- (iilei laincil of .loM-pliiin 's exi-i lleiil
dispohllioi , when we find llu family of lur first Imsliand
pn scrviiu; liir In r a eoiislanl and iiiishaki 11 allaeliini nl.
Till y were lav i»li oflhcir iilli lilioiis at the l.inc win n her
sorrow was nl ils lieiyhl, anil she 111 ver sniVi nil the iiior-
lilicalioii of liein<! slitihlcd hy her liiisliiniil's n kitioiis, w ho
app'-an il lo have ndnplid her lis oni- iil'lln ir own f.imily.
I have alicady iiolii eil llie siiici re friendship enlerlaiiieil
for llir liy Im winlliy Inotlii-r in luw, llie .Maripiis ili
lleallh inillls."
NoTi; ON riiAi'Ti:ii ii.
Il liappein d to us on one oi-ciuion, to riipli'sl nf Hit
I nipii-ss lo show Us her iliiiliionilH, w liieh vvere loi ki d
up ill a i-oni-i nil il cellar, the ki v of wliii 11 was ^i ni rallv
lonlidi-il III M.iiliimi (la/.aiii ami M.l'ieihit, She y ii hied
with till- nii»-l willmi; i-iiiii|iliaiii-i- lo the wishis of -iieli
i;iildy ijiils MS we well-, (iriii-liil all liniiii ,ivc lahle to In
l<ron:!lil iiihi the saliinii, ii|Kin wliii-li •ii\triiluriit.-r imiiil*
ill wailiii;;
l.ud i
iimlh-ss niimher of caskets ol" every
form and shape. 'I'liev W( n- spread upon that spa( ion
lahle, vvliieli was aliMihilely eovi red willi tin in. On the
M|i(-niiii; of llie ea>kels, we wen- perii itly da-/.y.k-d with
the hrillianev, Illc si/e and the (jiianlily of jewels com-
posiiij; till- dilVi rent si-ls. The most n-niarkahle alK-r
lho.se vvliii-liciiiisisledof wliili- di,iiiioiiils,wen' in llic shape
of pears, liirmcd of pearls, perl'ectlv re;tiilar, and of the
fun si colour; opals, rnliii-s, sapphires and (-ineralds, were
luciri-h-d with lar^'i- diamonds, wliieh were, nevertheless,
(-oiisi(l(-red as mere innutifinmt, and never taken into ae-
coniit in tin- t-slimation made of lliose jewels; they
formed allo^ether a colli-i lion which I lieljevi- to he.
imiipie in l-'.urii|ie, siiii e they eoiisisli d of the most valna-
lile ohjeets, of Ijiat dt-sei iption, that (-ciild Ik- fmiiid ill the
towns i-on(|iiei(-d hy our armies. .Napoleon was iievi-r
imili-r lli(- iK-ecssily of sri/.in;; ii|ioii nhji els, wliii-h them
was always (viiieed the nlinosl anxii ly lo oll'er lo his
wile ; the ;rarlaiids and hoinpiels formed of such a eoiuil-
Icr'.s nu.uher of preeions sfniies, had llii- (-ifei-l ol' vei ifv in;;
the Initli of the (kseriplioiis liilln ilo .-io llinciliil. which
are lo he mil with in tin- fiiiy tales. .N'oin- hut those
who have si eti ihis splendid lolh-eliun can li<rin an adc-
(|nati- i(l(-a ol'il.
'J'lie empi'css :-el(!om won- any oilier lliaii laiicy jewels;
tin- siyhl Ihen-liirc, of this i.iltilnlii'ii of <-askels, ex(-il(-(l
the wonder of most of the lieholders. Her inaji-sly
yn-ally cnjiiyed our silent admiralioii. ,-\fler havii.p
pi-rniilled us lo loii'-h, and cvamine i-very tiling- at onr
jei.-nre;— "1 had no oilier niolive, she kindly said lo us,
ill onlcrin;; my jiwils to he opened liefon- yon, lliaii to
spoil your fancy for such oriiamenls. Alter liaviny seen
such splendid sets, you m-ver can feel a wish for inii rior
ones; the less so, when you rellei I how niihappy I have
ni-eii, alllion;;li with so rareii colleilion at my (-ommaiid.
Din-inn- the I'usl dawn of my exlraordin.iry i-k valion, I
deli;;lileil in lhe«e Irilles, many of which were pn-seiileil
111 nil- in Italy. 1 arevv hy ile;;rees so lircd of them,
that I no liiii;;er wear any, i-xccpt when I am in siriiio
respicis compelled to do so hy my new rank in llie
worlil ; a Ihoiisaml aecidenls may, hi sides, conlrih.iile to
depiivi- me of those hrilliani, tliiiii!;li useless oliji-i Is ; do
I not possess the pendants of Ijni-i 11 Maria .\iiioinetti- ?
ami yet am I ipiilc sun' of relaininu' Ihi-iii .' Trust to
me, hiilics, and do iiol eiivy a spleiiiloiir which diss not
coiisliliili- happiness. I sliall not fail lo surprise ymi
uIkii I relate that I felt more pli ,isiin- al n ei iv ini; an
old pair of sliin s, lliaii al hciiii; pn-.seiileil willi all the
diamonds which an- now spn-ail hi liu'e you." Wc i-onhl
not help smiling' al this ohscrvalion, pi-rsuadcd as wi-wcrc
llial .lo-i plime was not In eanie-.| ; Iml siie npealul her
iisHcrlionM in so serious a manner, llial we Ii It tin ntinost
i-nriosily to hear the Mtiry u\' \lns iniialri tiil imii i'l Hliiirx,
" I repeat il, ladies, said her iiiajcsiy, il is siriclly Iriie,
thai lhepn-.si III, wliieli of all others hiis allordeil mi- most
pliiismc, is a pair ol' iilil slims iif Ihr nuiisr-l /(■.((An .-
yon will nadily In-lieve il when you shall have heard my
story.
" I had 111 sail with llorleiise, liiim Marliniipie, oil
hoaril 11 ship in whii-li we riei ivi-d siii-li marki-il alien-
lions, that they are indelihiy iiiipr: ssed on my mcinory.
Ill my scparalid fn y first linsluiiiil, my piiiiniary
n-soiirees wen- not vi-ry llomisliiiiL' ; Ihe ( \p(ii-c of my
n-tmii to I'raiice, wliieli the sliiti- of iiiy all'airs n ndereil
neecssary, had nearly drained me of every thin;;, and I
liiiind ;;ri-iil dillieiiliy in inakliiu- the piirehases which
wen- iiiilis|Hiisahly n-i|msile li.r the Miyatie. Horl.iise,
who was a small lively child. Mini; iici;ni miii;;s, niiil
peiliirined iie;;ro I'aneeswilh ailmiralik- iicciiraev ; slin
was the ill liylit of Illc sailors, and in nliiiii fur tin ir
liiiiilncsK she had iiiadi- them her fiMinnlucompaiiv. I iiii
sisim-r Ii II iislii p, than she slipped upon deck 1 -id re.
heiMMed her Various lillle l-\i-|-ilsi-s lo the relieweil dr.
Iii;lil and ailininilioii of all on hoard, An old iiiiile was
parliciilarly loud of her, and w lieiiiver he liMilid a mo.
nil ill's II isiirc fioiii hiM daily oecnpalioiis, he devoled il
lo An Hull (ill ml, who was also cm i-edinnly iitlaeln il to
liini. -My il'innliler's shoes vvi-ie soon worn out Willi
Inr i-oiisi.,iil ikiiiiin;; and skippiii;;, Knovvini; as slir
did that I had iin oilier pair fir her, uin' liarin;; li -I I
should pnveiit her U"mi! upon ili-i k, if I siiniihl dis-
i-iivcr the pli;;lit of lliose she was fisl wi-ariliy away, she
eonii-aleil Ihe Intlintf aeeidelil iVoiii iiiv kiinvvli due. I
saw 111 r once n-liiriiiim "ill' hh 1 dm;; fi ( I, miil asked
her, In Iho iitiiiiii.1 al.iriii, if she had hurt In isi-lf ; " N.i,
miimmii." " Hut your li-el an hlmlini;." " Il n-ally is no
limit' " I insisleil ii|Hin uscerluiniinf vilml ailed In-r,
anil iliscovercil lluil In-r sins s wen- nil 111 lalli rs. mnl
lliat her lli-h 'viiM iln idliilly lorn i.y 1 miil.
"We had ns yet only iierloMo.il li«l( iln vnyai'i'i n
long iliin'wini|il iH-itf.uriljr ckniw hi'»«irt I owUd iirucurt'
1^
'♦
172
nirMOiKs OF iionTFiysr; bkaiiiarnais.
ft ^M.--. -,,
h.^
''''r
lis
it*
n frcsli ]iair nl' slini's ; uiul I Wiis miirlilii'd at ihc linrc aii-
ticipnliuii of tlu' distnss my ])(]or IInit(?iisc would now
fi'ol at biiiifjcoiiipclkd to rcinaiii cnnfiiird in my wretclird
littlf ('al)in, and of the hijnry licr licallli niijlit cxpc-
riciirc Irnm (lie want orcxcnisi'. At llic ninmcnf wl'c n
I was v.rii|i|'i-d up in si>rrow, and ^'ivinjr t>tc vint to my
tears, onr t'liiMid tin' male made liis a|ipi'nran(-'c, and cii-
quircd with his lioncst lilunlncss what was Ihc cansc ot
OUT trliimp'riinj!-? llortiMisc rt'pht'fi in a sobhinij voicf,
that she PonU! no longer co npnn deck, Ik cause she had
torn her shoes, and I had no others lo y-ive lier. " /s
that all .' I have an (jIiI pair in my (rnnk ; lei me jro liir
them. Von, madam, will ent lliem up, and I :-halI .-ow
them over a^ain io Ihe hest of my [lowir ; every thins.''
on hoard sliijt shnnld he Inrned In iu'iMunf ; this is not
lliepl;eeli>r heinjr too nii e or parlienlar; we hat-- our
most imporlant wants irralified, when \\c have Ihe tieed-
I'nl." lie did not wail liir onr reply, hnl went in i|ne.st
of his old shoes, which he hrnnfilil lo ns with an air ol
f'Xlillalion, and otlered them lo I lorlcnse, who recuivcd
the ^ii) wilh every demonslralion of deliL^hl.
" W'c set lowork wilh Ihe {rrcalesl alar'rily, and my
(lantihler was I'liahled, hiwards Ihc close of day, lo enjoy
the pleasure of ajjain auni^iii^' Ihe slii|i's company. I re-
peal that no present was ( \er rceeiveil hy me wilh more
hincere <,rrntilude. I frrcatly reproached myself for havin;,r
nopleelcd to malic enipiirii's alter the wot thy seaman,
who was only known on hfiard hy Ihe name of .latnes.
1 phould have Icll a sincere satisfaction in rendering him
Fome service, sinci' it was alicrwards in my power lo
do so."— A/f//io/r« of I ft f Ktiiiirfss Juttt'ii!intr, v. ^,
N( m;s ON ciiArTKR iv.
.>l.\llIli.\<;K OK JoaiKI'Ill.NK.
MaJume ile Ihuuliuiiiaia to Madame *••
" I am urfred, my dear, to mnrry a(;ain, hy the advice
of all n>y friends, (I may almost say,) hy the cnnnnands
of my aunt, aiul the prayers of my ehihlrcn. Why are
yuii Hot here lo lielj) me hy your advice on thi.4 important
uccusion, and lo tell me whether I ou(;hl or hot to euiiscnl
to a iinioii, which eertaiidy seeinH eulculuted to relieve
iilu from the discoinliirls of my present sitiiatiun.' Your
friendship wouhl niidir yonelearsi^fhted lo my iiilensls,
mi<l a word from you would sullice to hrin); mc^ lo a de-
rision.
" Amonn my visiters you have seen (u'lieral Ilonnparte:
he is Ihc mail who wishes to hceonic ii lather to the
orphans u( Ale.viinder do Iteuiiliurimis, and a liusbaiul to
Ills willow.
"l)o\ou love him ? i.< natiir.illy your first ipieslion.
My answer is, perhaps. ..No. — Do you dislike liiin ' — No,
iijrain; lint Ihe scntiininls 1 entertain towards him are of
thai lulic-warni Kind which true deV{>tces Ihiiik worst ol
all in 111, Hers ol' religion. Now love hc'.ni; a sort of reli-
(;iou, niy fci liiids on(;hl to he very dilVcreiil from what
they really arc. 'I'lils is the point (Ui which I w.mt your
advice, which would fix iIk^ wavering; of my irresolute
disposition. 'I'o come lo i decision has always 1« in too
iiiiicli liir my ereole inurtiu ss, and I find it easier to ohey
till! wishes of iilheri<.
" I admire Ihe (jciieial'ii eoiiraire ; the cvtent of his in
form. oioii oil every Huh|ccl on which he coi •.erscs ; his
KJirewd lull lli^ri'iice, which cnahlcs him to imdiTsland the
tlioiii;hls I I'olhers, Ik'fire Ihcy a'l' expresscil; hut I eon-
li'SH 1 am somi'w hat liarl'iil ot that control which lie s. i ins
a.ixioiis lo excreise over all ali<iiil him. 'riieri' is some.
thlni; in his si rulinisiiiu'idanci' tiiai cannol he dcscrllxd;
it liwes 1 veil our dirii:lors, Ilicrel'ori it may well lie Hiip-
imHi'il to Inlimidate a woman, lie talks of his passion
tor iiie willi a deifnc of eurncslnesB which renders it iiii.
possilde todoiilil Ills siiicerlly, ycl Ihis very cireiimslaiiec,
which vou Would siippo-e likely lopli'asc me. is precisely
that W'liieh has withheld me iVoiii I'lvinir the loiisenl
which I lia\c olV n lici ii on the >ery jHiinl of iilli ritii;.
" ,Mv sprini; of lite is p.i<i. Cm I then Iio|h lo pre-
Hcrve, for any Iciiijili of lime, thai ardour of all'iclion
which, in the jrcncial, umonnls alninsl lo niniliiess ' ||'
liin love hIioiiIiI cimiI, as it certainly »ill, nller our iiiiir.
ria|[c, will he not reproach me ^ir liaviii){ pn veiiled
timi friiii, fnrmiiii; » more ndvnnlii|reous coiineition '
Wlinl then Hliall I •»■> ' What shall I do ' t iiiiiy slml
invsclf up and weep, line > .nmolalion, Inily I inclliiiiko
I fienr yon say. Hut iiiie . uilinifiii I know il is, wci pinu
in, I aMsiire yon, ir<v oiilr eoiisoliition uhctie\er iii^ piMtr
lii'lirt reeeivcH n wixind. H rile to mi' ipiiekly, iiiid i>rny
Nciild me if you lliinlt inr wrmiK. Yoil know every lmii)r
ID H'i'liiime ilint come, from yoii.
"Mnrr.'i" unsiin > im if I iimr'-v the jjeneral he will gri
liiiii nj)|Hiiii(til eiiiiiniaiKUr in cliirl'of tlH' army ol Ituly
This favour, thoiiL'h not yet (;ranled, occasions some
mnrimirii.ir amon^r l!oiiaparte's hrolher officers. When
sprakinf; !•> ine yesterday on Ihe subject, Ihe (;cneral said:
" Do thiy II ink I cannot del forward m itiioul their pa-
Irnnnpe? One daj- or oilier they will all he loo happy il
I yraiil tliiin mine. I lia\c a {jood sword hy my side,
which will carry me on."
"What do yon think of this self confidence f Does il
not savour of eveessive vanity ? n fjcf'T''' ol' hriijade to
talk of )iatronisiii{r he chiefs of the (jovcrniiniit ' It is
very ridii mIous ! Yet I know not how it iiappens, his
amhiliniis siiiril .sonicliin'* wins npnn me so far that I
am almost li'inpted lo bcli»-»* in th«' praclieabilily of any
projeel he takes into hi hea»!; — WnA who can Ibresce
what he may allcnipt!
".'Ml here re;;ret your absence; and wc only ronsolc
iini'.selves by constant'y spc'ikiiifj of you, and hy eiidea-
vonrioe to follov; you step hy step, in the beautiful
country in which yon are jouriieyiii;r. Were I sure of
liiidinii' yon in Italy, I would consent to be married to.
inorrnvv, oil condilion of hciii':; jicnnitled to aeeompaiiy
the (Tciieial. Hill weini<;hl cross each other on the way,
Ihi lelorc I lliiiik It nio.st prudent to await your answer;
pray send il speedily.
" .Madame '('allien desires me to present lier love to
yon. She is slill fair and f;ood as ever. She employs
her immense inlhience only tor Ihc hencfil of llic nnloitn-
iiale; and when she perlorms a favour she appears as
pleased and satisfied as Ihouirh she herself were the
"hlii,'cil parly. Her friendship lor me is most all'eilion-
ate and sincere, and of my regard lijr her, I need only
.say that it is eipial lo that which 1 entertain for yon.
" Ilorlensc [rrows more and more inlerestinir every
day. Ili'r pn tly fitrurc is jrittiiiir fully develo|)ed, and it'
[ were so iiielined, 1 should have ample reason lo rail at
tiine, who conl'ers cliarms on the dauj;lit''r at Ihc cvpense
of the inolhcr. lint truly 1 have other thinirs ill my laad.
I try lo banisn {.'looiiiy Ihon^jhts, and look forward lo a
more propitious fiitme, lor wi shall soon meet never lo
part airaiii. lint for this iiiarria;;c, which harasses and
nnselllesnie, I could he ;ray in sjiile of every lliiiiL'-; were
II onceover, happen what iniirhl. I could resi;;n iiiysi II
to my fate. I am inured to sutl'erini;, and if I he di s
tiiiec; lo lasle fresh sorrow 1 can snp;iorl il, provided my
children, my aunt niid you remain to eomfort me.
" You know we have ay:reeil to dispense with all formal
lerminalions to our letters. So adieu, my friend I"
Meinuii» vf JuHrphiiie, vol .1.
IIONAPAIITE S JRALOl'SV.
Maddinr llutitiji'tite lu lientral Bonajmrit,
" I- it possible, jri iicral, 'hat the httcr 1 li.ivc just re-
ceived cniiics from you '■ I can scarcely eredil il when i
compare III, it leltt r w itli others now heliire iiic, to which
your love imparts so many I'harms '. .\ly c^cs indeed
would persuade me that your hand traced IIiI'm' I'lies;
hut my heart refuses to In lii vi' lliat a lelter f'.ni um
coiild ever have caused the mortal an};nisli I experieiiet
oil pcriisiii','' these expiessions of your displeasure, wllieli
atllicl me the more when 1 consider how iniieb _ e, my
iiinst have lost you.
" I know not what I have done to provoke lO'e -iia-
liL'^nalil enemy In destroy my pcaei' by distmhiir. ye I's
bill certainly a powerful motive iiiiisl iiillucnce sot.'co'U'
111 coiilimially rcnevviii|r eahmimes aijainsl mi', iiiid ;:'V
iiilT lliciii a snlheii lit appearance of probahilily lo . ," s,
on the mall who has hitlicrto ;nd(reil me worlhy ol 'iis
atlielioii and conlidencc 'I'hese two niilimeiilf nre ni
cessaiy lo iiiv biippincs.j, in.d if they are lo be so si i
williilrawn In in me, I can only re(irit that 1 wuii i e
blest in posKissiiif; llieiu or kiiowiii{r you.
"thi IIIV first aeipiaintaiicc with yon, the aniiclloii
wilh which I was ovi rwhelnied led me (o believe llial
IIIV heart iiiusl cm i leiiiain a slraiiycr lo any seiiliinenl
reseiiihlmi; love. 'I'll" »aiii;iiliinry scenes of wlileli I had
been a witiiesH and a vicliin conslanlly liaimled mv
lliimi;lils. I tlient'ore appnliendeil no daiiL'er lo myself
I'l llic freimeiil enjoy iiieiil of v our siH'iely, slill k'ss did
I imiiiiiiii that 1 cuilld for a siiikIu inuiiiuiit liovu liked
your elioii.'e.
" I, like every one else, nilmirrd your tiilenlH nnil nc.
ipiireiiieiils; and belter llliin any one else " foresaw your
tiiTun' ulorv; hut still I loved you oiilv for the lerviies
nil reiiili nil lo my eoimlry. Why did you seek to emi.
verl ailiiiirnlion into a more lender MiiliiiKiil, by availlnL'
yourself of nil lllose |siwerM of pU'utiii); with which \oii
iin' Ml eminenllv iiiHed, since, »n shortly nl\er lmviii(r
iiiiiteil ynur drsliiiy w Ih mine, you regrot Iho fi'lieily
lyiMi ii»vi' eunfcrrcd ii|h)ii iiir '
" Do you think I can ever forget the love you once chr
rislied tor me? (an I ever Ik conic iiidifl'crent to llie n,,,,
who has blest me w illi Ihc most enlhuslaslic and ardu ■
passion .' ( 'an I ever elVacc from my memory yniir r,
leriial alVeelion for Ilorlensc, Ihe advice and e.vniiiii!
yon have set before Kufrciie ? If all this apjiears iiiiiKj.
sihle, how can you for ii inoinent suspect inc of bcstuv.
injj a tlioiij;lit on any hnl yourself?
" Instead of lislcnin;.' to tradueers who, for reasom
which I cannot c\|daiii, seek to disturb onr happia's«,
why do yon not silence Iliem by enumcratinfr the l«iii.
tits yon have l«'stowed on a woman whose lieart rcny
never he repniaehed with inirralitiidc? The knovvlai^.;
of what yon have done for my cliihhen would, check tl,-
malifrnity of llicse calnmiiiators, for they would then w,.
that Ihe stroiiijest link of my attachnienl for yon dipind-
on my character as a mother. Your subsei|iieiit cniiilini
which has claiined the admiralinn of all Kiirope (:i,iil,!
Iiave no other etl'eel than lo make me adore Ihe hiislrinil
who fiavc me his hand when I was poor and inilcatMiiai,
I'Aery step yon ''ike adds to the {{lory ol the nan,, |
hear: yet this is the inoment that has been selectiil ■;,,
persnailiiiH- you that I no Ion ;rer love yon I Surely nothing
can he iiion' wicked and absurd than the eonduel of tlir,,f
who arc about yon, and are jealous of your niarkcil sunp.
riorily 1
" Yes, 1 slill love j'on, and no less tenderly than rvir.
Those who allc};(! the contrary know that they s|pi:!k
falsely. To lliose very persons I have frei|iiciilly vvni.
Icn lo enipiire about yon anil lo reconnnend tliciii Inrrn.
sole yon by their frieiiilship, I'or the ab.senee of he.' vvlh
is your best mid Iniesl iViend.
" Vet, what has been the conduct of Ihe men in whnin
yon repose cniifidcnce and on wliose testimony von I'linn
so unjust an opinion of inc.' They conceal from v.;i
every circiiiiistaiice calenlated to all.viale the aiii,oiisli .;'
our separalion, and liny seek to fill your iiiiiid with sii-.
pieioii, in order lo drive yr ;: I'roni a coniilry with vvlinh
they are dissalislieil. Tl 'ir object is lo make yiiii im.
liap|iy. 1 sec ihis plainlv ; Ihoiich you are blind totlinr
perlidions intentions. Heimj no lonirer their cqiiid v.;:
iiavc heeonii) t'leir eiieiny, and every one of your viitr..
ries is ii fresh (rroniKl of i iivy and haired.
" I know their iiilri^ues, and 1 disdain lo nvcnpe niv
self by naininjj the men wlio.n 1 despise, but vvliiw
valour and talents may be useful lo you in the (rrui
enterprise which you iiavc so proj tioiisly eoiiiliinicn!.
When you nlurii, I will iiuinas!, these enemies of voiu
jflory — hut no; Ihc bapniness of seciiifr you again vi ill
banish from my rceolleclion the iniserv they are inili';..
vouriiip; lo iiilliel 'i|ion me, and I shall think only n;'
what they have done to promote the success of your
projects.
" 1 iicknowli dfje that I sec n prciit deal of <'nin|inin';
Ii V every one is eager to roirnii' iit ine on your mi
I . s, and I conli ss I have not rcsolulion to close myiUr
I .', . i I I" '1 who speak of yon. I also confess tlinl i
I. ,1 (Kirlioii , f i.iy visiler.< re i^cnllemcn. Men iiiulir
sl '1;'' your Iki.'' ir.ijccts In tier than women, and lliiv
'i' 'aU vith 'rr,iii,:.sm ol' vmr glorious «eliieveiiii'i"i,
iv'oih' my I'd i !• jicnds only complain of yon f r havirj
onrrii'd awi, ilieii- Imsbanih, brothers, or falliers. 1 hlif
no pleasurii m their sociity if lliey do not praise vmi:
ycl till re are i ,/i i amoiig Ihciu whose hearts and iiiiilir-
I 'idiiigs claim iiiv In; m'sI regard, hceniiM' Ihey nilrr.
lit .iiicen lViellll^lllp I ir yon. In Ibis iiiiniber I limy
'ill iiigiiisli !\lesdaiues,i'.\'i;iiillon, Tallicn, and niviiiini.
'Tiny arc alniosl i oiihli, ell,- with me, and liny cnn loll
you, imgnilel'iil as )ou arc, whelhcr I hart bctu nujifi
li»l! irilli 11 1 III hull/. These are your words, and II'.
would be ball liil lo me were I not certain llnil yon liru
ili.iavowcd till 'II and are sorry for linving wrillcii Ilieiii,
" I am lerrilied at the mimenins pi rils which siirriiiiiil
yon, and of the I'Xtciil of which I shniild linvc liiiil im
idea, had not I 'e ;• nc iie isled on my wriling lo i iilnii
111. it you W',' tly in Ihc fice ol' danger, and iiiiiiirri.
sarily '•vpii , .ic i.ieh is precious not in rely In yi"ir
family and niends. Kemember llint on yon de|H'iiiriitli'
desllny of your ei.iiip'iiiiiiis in arms and of iiiilhiiiK if I
soldiers, who w ii'ld not have fnrliludi to eiidiiT llif |
Imrilships In wliii !' ' icy arc exposed, hut I'or the riifiiii
ragcnii hi which your presi nee all'ords Ihciii.
" Do not, I conjure you, over exert your slriiit'tli
Listen not III the diilales of your own ever nellve iiiiiiil,
hill lo Ihe iiilviec of Ihose who love you. llertliiiT, li<>ur
I'ienne, Miigi'iie, iind < 'alliin Hi, w bo arc niore risil than
yo , may somitimi s view lliings iiion' justly. They nn
devoted lo yon, Ihciel'on' lislen lo Oiciiij litll to lliim
niily, and you and I shall Ih' Imppy.
" I someliines receive luinniin lirte wliirll eniisi lie
III) small di i;irrof eiiiliariHssnichl. I am not nc.eiiitaiiio'
;i
'• to lliis sort I
' .iiithorilie.s
, in;; their
i:i say; an
1', lajii.' yoii
lulling in
v.nir Iriiiiiijil
j vioiis imvv, w
.J vvilli /'resli liii
. iiiali,'iiity vvil
.- iiial tlli'll linlll
,tJ " Milt I ^
% einii-', which
■! dl t'|u:illy d
:' f .r llie unjile,';
tell vol! soinct
\.i "llnrlense,
fir as possible
brother, aJid si,
,! melancholy, till
I assiin' yon, i
viT.siitiim a;ul i
ill ilravviiig
' ' Dear iiianiina
^ worii iiiimcilia
- fi'parales me fr
laaclioly vvhiel
lo make grc.il
(laiigliler, who, 1
vcrv place wlii
tliaughls.
" Iforlense's I
griicel'ul. She d
i]ailc so handsoii
tliouirlit agreeabi
" .Mv giMid am
rniii|'laiiiiiig, eoii-
iinil wriliiig pod
ill writing lo von,
iials. 111 which yoi
111^' of you, lonkii
yiii III iirly, coiiiiil
yiar rrliirn : ami
.iiiriiii. .Ar,' all Ih
'inviT Iiavc any of
frmii yiiii, I shall I
finb'iif llie ill i,;i
I'llil, ill wliniii yon
v'll sllniild I ilolllil
III' . aail, jmljiiig ol
" llciveii kiiovy.<)
Ji'llir. Miy it rest
CI'! Mil ii.'ver to havi
»!' I, ill It ,'is Inllg a.'
il "a till' day ol' oi
ve lae, and leoeiyc
MEMOIRS OF IIOUTENSTS BEAUIIARNAIS.
17.3
n' you once clic.
runt to till! itnii
astic and ardent
icinory your pa.
;c nnd cxnmj)!i'
i appears iiii]»'5,
;t nic of tcstuw.
,'Iio, for rrasonn
) our linp|iMi'_s«,
riitinpf the iKrir.
lioKC iieiirt TMilil
'I'llO knoV.ll'll;c;
would cluck ll.c
y would tlicn Kr
for yon dipi mU
l»sc(puMit oimiiiiii
ill Kuropo ci.imI
lore tlic iMislniiii
iind uiiliirliiii:ii<.
V of the iiuir.t 1
lircn selected 'Ir
III Surely iiolliini;
eondncl of tlir(>r
our uiarUeil sui*.
mdcrly than ovi r.
that they s|iij.'i
,' frequently vvrii.
iiirnd tlu 111 Incrii.
sence of hev wltj
the men in wlimi
sliiimliy you I'ciriii
coneeal fioiii yui
ale the aiii;iii>li ff
lur mind willi ?ii-.
DUiitry with wliuh
i lo iiialie you iiii.
11 are hiind to tin i'
er their equul yui
one of your vicln.
red.
ilaiu to nvcnpe niy
lespise, hut wliusc
) you in the gnat
iously eonuiiciicn!.
!• enemies of ynur
(T you again vill
rv thry are ciidf;:-
Ihall think only ui
8UCC08S of your
deal of eompaiiy ;
liie on your n;i.
|in to I'lose my ili'i'i
ilso confess lliai J
111 II. Meniiiiiiir
women, and lluy
lous ueliievciui'i"'.
of you Inr liiiMi;
lor i'alhers. 1 laki
jo not priiise ymr.
hearts and iiiidir-
fcauM' they laliT-
iiuiiil" r I iiiny
|lieii, and my iiai>>.
land ihey eiin (ill
liaif Oem im/iiil
words, and lln;
lain tlial you Iiph'
jiij; wrideli llii'lii.
|h which siirrcaiiil
iild Imve liiiii III
rillnj; to mlru'
L'cr, mill uiiiiirrj-
ol Ml rely I" yi"if
|i you de|iciiilKll''
Inil of iiiilhi nil if
111 lo ciidilT llif
Ivut for the niouii
llieiil.
It your Kliiiicili.
•vcr netivc iniiii!,
Herlhicr, ll"W
more cimiI lliif
lunllv. 'I'licy nf
|ni;'hut lo lliin
vliirh entiM i"
not nrcusliinifil
to this •^ort of lioiiiiise, and I see it is displeasing to our
nuthorilies, who are always suspicious and fearliil ol
I .inir their newly jrottcn power. Never mind lliein, you
„ill say; and I should not, hut that I know they will try
ti iiiiufi you, aJid 1 cannot endure the tlioU)rlit of eoulri-
lu'itiii" hi any way to those feelin-is of enmity wliieli
vourfriiuiiiihs siilUeiently account for. If they are en-
viou- now, what will tlicy he when you return erowucil
Willi fresh liiurels ; ireiivcn knows to what lunsths Iheir
,„„li,„ily will then carry thsin! Hut you will be licre,
iu;d Tlieii notliins: can ve.t me. _
t " Out I will siiy no more of tlicin nor of your suspi.
I ciaiis, wliicli 1 do 'not rcfille one liy one, hecause they are
' ,-11 cijualiy devo-il of |irobahilily ; and to make amends
■ liir the unpleasant commeneeiiienl of this letter, I will
till von soinctliinj; which 1 know will please you.
, " llortcnse, in her elforts to eonsolj mc, endeavours as
! Cir us possible to conceal her nn.xiety for you and her
■ brotlicr, and she exerts all her inijeimity to banish that
! intlaiiclioly, the existence of which you doubt, hut which,
I I assure yon, never forsakes me. If by her lively con.
? vcr.'^alion and interesting' talents, she sometimes succeeds
*' ia drawinir a smile from me, she joyfully e.\i lainis :
: ' l>ar inamina, that will he known at Cairo.' The tiital
' word iinincdiately calls to my luind tlic distance which
- feaarales ine from you and my son, and restores the mc-
liiaeholv which it was intended to divert. I am obliired
■ to make {.'"'at elVorts to conceal my frfwl' from my
■'. duueliter, who, by a word or a look, transports me to the
; very place which she would wish to banish from my
' tlinugllts.
"Hortcnsc's figure is daily hccninin(r more and more
pnicrful. ."^Iio dres.ses with j» uit taste, and thoujrh not
Haite so handsome as your sisters, she may certainly he
tlioujilil aureeahlc, when even they are present.
" .\Iy ifiwd aunt passes her life in Kiillerinir without
rninilaininif, consolln(r the distri'ssid, speakiiijj of you,
nnd writinj; poetry. V' r my part, my time is occupied
<in wriliii;; to voii, iieariiiij your praises, rcadinif the |oiir.
S iials. 111 which your nanie appears in every pafre, think-
iiiir 1)1' von, lookini; forward to the time when I may see
• yiiii 111 urlv, complainiii:r of you"" absence anil lonijin;,' lor
riniir ri'liirn : and when my task is einled 1 bi'irin it over
''^ijaiii. .\r.' all these proofs of inilitference ? Viiil will
Jlii'Vfr have any olliers i'roiii me, and if I receive no wiir.<i'
'^friiiii voii, I shall h.ive no jjrcat reason lo complain, in
f iiili' of liic ill natiired stories I hear about a rnlnin
'•lii,l\i, ill whom you are slid to like u lively interi'sl. Hut
i.v'iv ."lioiild I diiiiht you? Von assure me that you love
jliii', mid, juil^finir of your heart by my own, I believe you.
"Heaven knows when oi wlure you will receive Ibis
ii'lliT. M:iy il restore you lo that eoiilideiice which yon
^ii'.'lit iii'ver lo have loii, and eonvinee you more than
■^vi r, lint ;is Iniiir »" I live I shall love y.iii as dearly as I
•a till' day of our sepanlion. Adieu — believe iiii' —
ine, and receive a thousand kisses."
Me.imis (/ Junrphiiie, vnl.'.i.
No Inntfiitiun cnii eonvry any idrn of the stnio of ex-
illriiii'iit occasioned Ihrouijhoi't I'Vanee, by Itonaparle's
IrriMi. Krom the |f<lli Vendeiniiiire, all aroiiml us was
1 ooiiliauil ai;itiilioii. ( hi Hie llilll, .losephine set oll'lo
•rl hiT bnsli.ind, hut without knowini; exiclly 'vlial
111 111' would lalie. She |hoU!.r|it it likely he would com,'
Ir lln' way ol llur)(Uiidy, and thereforo Iioiiis and she
>iiiir for Lyons,
Midiiiiie llonnpnrto was n pri'y lo cfnt nnd well
liinili'il iiiieiifiness. Win Iher she were yiiilty, or only
■l|iriiilcnl, she w.is slron^fly accused by the Itonaparle
liiiilv, who were di siroim thai Nii|Kdeiiii shniild obtain ii
Iviinr. 'I'lie elder ,M. de ( '.iiil.iin(ourt f<taled lo us his
iliiiliiiiins on this |Kiiiit; bill whenever Ihi- riihiecl
Ina iaIriKliiced, my iiiotlier . hnn|red Ibr eonversahoii,
KMiiii', kiiimiiii; UN sin did, the scnlimi nt-< of Hie Hona-
lili' luiiiily, she I'oiild iml reply withoiil I'ilher commit
k;' tlii'iii, or hnviii); recourse io liiNchond. i^'ie knew,
Viri'iivrr, the truth of ninny circiiiniila;ices which VJ. de
liai'iiiirl neeiiii'd lo douht, nnd which In r i>ii<inlioii
lllin'<i|Hil III Doll iparle previ iiteil her I'rolii coiniiiiKii
Jlnii; >i< liiin.
iMadaiiie llon.iparle eoiiiniiiled n ffrcal fault in n,'-
Ttiiii; 111 this junelurr to ninciliiile her Ilierinluw,
|miiiii;lil have prolceled her neaiiist Ihnse wlio •mifrlil
r run,; and, mdred,elVeeted il nine yenrx Inler ; lor Ihc
• ill I-"!!'! was liroiitrlil alKiiit by the joiiil I'll'orls of
|tlii' iiii'iiibers iiflhe llnoaptirle liiin.ly, aided by »ome
Vil«iliiiii's iinml eiinfiilenlial sirvanls, nlioni Jose.
11, 1 illur us Midinie liiinii|inrle, or m einpresN, had
kii' antliinu III iiiiikn her frieiida.
UNipirto on hjii nrrival in Fori* fnt.nd lit* linuwi de
serted; but his mother, sistcr.s, and sister.s-in-law, and in
short, every niemhcr ot' his family, e.XLe[)t l.ouis, who
bad altcndi'd .Madame Hoiiaparlc to liyoiis, came to liiiii
iiiiinediately. 'I'lie iinpri'ssiou made upon him by the
solitude of his home and its dcseiiion by its ii)i>tress,
was [iroloiiiid and terribli-; and nine years allerwari!,
when the lies bdween him and Josephine were seven il
liir ever, he showed that it was not elfaccd. I'Voin not
llniliiii; her with his family, be iiilirred that she felt her-
self unworthy of llnir presence, and feared to meet the
man she had wronged, lie considered licr journey to
Lyons as a mere preteiici.\
.\L de Hourrieiiiic says, tiiat !or some days afler Jo.-e-
phiiie's retiuii, lionapartc treated her with riliciiir ki.'J-
ii'.vv. As be was an eyewitness, why docs he not sti.te
(lie whole truth, and say tli.it on lur return, lioiiaparle
ic/itsid Id scihrr, and did mil ,s'rc Ik i7 It was to tin'
earnest intreaties of her cliiidn n that she owed the re-
covery, not of her Im.dianil's love, f r that had loufr ceased,
but of that tenderness aci|uired by habit, and that inter-
course which made her slil! retain the rank of eonsorl to
the frreate.st man of his a{;e. Honaparte was, at this
period, much attached lo l'hii;ene lieauharnais, who, to
do him justice, was a chariniii;; youth lie knew less of
Uortense; but her youth and sweetness of lemjier, and
the protection of wliieli, as his adopted daughter, she m -
souirhthim not to deprive her, jiroved powerl'ul advocate.-,
and overcame his resistance. In Ibis delicate neijotia-
lion, it was pood pfdicy not to briiiir any other person
into play, whiilevcr miijlit Ik; their inHucnce with Hona-
parte, and Madame Honaparte did not, therefore, have
recourse cither to Itarras, Hoiirrieime, or Herthier. Il
was expedient that they who inlerccdcd for her should
be able to say any thiii(j without the possibility of a re-
ply. Now l)onap.irte could not with any defrrec of pro-
priety explain to such children as Kufrcne or llortcnse
Ihc purlieiilars of their mother's condiii't. He was, there,
fore, conslraincd to silence, and had no ai'jiruiucnt to
combat (he tears of two iiiiiuci lit creatures at his I'eet,
excl.iiminu', " i)o not abandon our mother; she will break
her heart I .'Vnd oiii;lil iiiiustice lo lake I'roiii us poor or-
phans, whose natural protector the seatfnld has already
ilejiriveil lis of, (he siip|Kjrt of one whom rrovidenee has
sent lo ri'plai'e liiin I"
'I'lie scene, as lionnparlr has HJiice stated, was lonj; nnd
painful, and the two ehildrcn at lenirih iniroduecd their
mother, and pi. iced her in his anus. The nnliappy wo.
man had awaited his decision at llii' door of a Hinall back
st.'iirease, extended at iihuost full linirth upon the stairs,
sutferin;; Hie acniesi paiiifs ol' iiiintal lorliire.
Whatever nii'^rhi \,r his wii'e's errors, Honaparte np
piareil entirely lo Inrfil Iliein, nnd the recoiK'ilialioii
was eomplete. Of all (be mciubirs ol' (be I'amily, .Ma-
dame Leelere was most vexed at the pinion which Na
poleon had i,rranled (o his wii'e. Honapartc's mollier was
also very ill plenscdi hut she said 111)1111111:. .Madaiin
Joseph Honaparte, who was always very amiihliMook no
part ill llii'se fiiiiily i|iiiirri'ls ; Iherellire, she eoiilil I'lisily
ill terinine what part (o (ake when (iirdiui^ smiled on Jo-
sephine. As to ,\lail,'iiiie Itaccioeebi, she (^.'ive I'ree veiil
(n her ill humour and disdain: (he eoiiseipienee was, (bill
her sister-in-law euiilil never endure her. Chrisliiie, who
was a beaidiful erialure. followed the ''vaiiiple of Ma-
ilaine .Joseph, nnd ( 'aniline was so yomi^j that her opinion
I'oiild have no wei',rlii In siieb an nlliiir. .\s to Hoiin-
parte's hrolbcrs, liny were at oiii'li war with Josephine.
— J/:moiiii iij'lhi' Dulrhr^n I)'. HifitiUcs, ji. 'JtH.
iiiMiri'N t.'s i,o\KHR.
Jiineiihinr III Hiigrni Huiii/iiiriiuin, in I'l'.vi'I-
"I learn with ureal pleasure, my dear l'"uj;ene, llinl
your eondncl is worthy of the name you bear, and ol the
prod ciiir under whom it is ko easy to lenrn lo become a
(rrcal 1 aplnjn.
" Ifcinnparle has wrillciilo inetliat you nre every lliinn
he cull »(«(i, and na he is no lliillcrer my henri in pniiid lo
H'nd your > kIo'.'.Vi skelched by n Inind which In iisiinlly
I'nr I'rniii Is'ioir Invisli in prnise. You well know I never
doiibleil your 1 1 iwliilily to undertnki „'n'at lliiiiifa, or the
liiilliinl loiiniire whii-ii you inherit; bill you, nliisl know
how nine h I disliked your removal from mc, fenrinu "nil
your iialiirni iKipeluosily niit;lil cnr.y you Ion tin, nnd
ilnl il inlulil (ifcvent you tVoin anhiiiitliii|r to the iinmer-
iMiM |M lly ilelalln of iliscipline, wliieli must Ih< very dina-
(fti ealde when the riiiik is only milinlterii.
" Jndjre then of my joy on ieiirniiif( thai you remeiii-
iB'r my ndviee, and lliul you nn is olicdienl to your hii.
IMrlom III I oioio mil, na you nre kind nnd huiimiie (o
lliiMo henealh \ou. Tliia eonduci, my child, inakes nie
■juitc hnppy, i iid (li"in worda, I know, will lewnrd you
more than all the favours you can icccive. Head them
oflen.aiid repeat lo yoinselfllial your inolber, Ihoiiiih liir
iroiu you, complains not oflier lot, since .she knows that
yours V, ill be brilliant, and will deserve so lo be.
" Vour sisli'r shares all my lieliiifjs, and will tell you
so hersell'. Hut that of which I am sine she wilfnot
speak, and which is therefore my duly lo tell, is her ut-
lention to nie and lo her aunt 1 Love hi r, iiiv son, for to
me she brinjrs consolation, and she ovcrllows' with all'ec-
lion for you 1 .She proseeiites her studies with uncom-
mon success, but music, I believe, will he Ihc art she will
carry to the hifrliest pi rll'clion. With lur sweet voice,
.vliich is now well ciiltivaleil, she siiins romiinces in u
manner that would surprise you. I have jiisl boiiirht her
a new piano froiii the heslmaker, Krard, which reilonblcH
her passion for that cliarmiii{r art, wliieli you [uefer lo
I very other ; that, perhaps, aeeoiiiits Ibr your sister ap-
plyinjT to ilwilli so mucli as.-iduity.
" Were yon here you would be lelliiijr mc a Ihoiisand
limes a day, to beware of Hie men who pay particular
atlention to !lurlen.-e. Some there are who <hi so, whom
you do not like, and whom you seem to liar she mny
pnfer. Set your mind at rest ; she is n bit of a cocpiettc,
IS pleased wiHi her success, and torments her victims;
but lier heart is free. 1 am the conlidant of ."!l her
ibongbls and fei lii,y;s, wliieh have hi(lier(o hi en jiisl what
Ihey onjrlit to be. She now knows that when she thinks
of marryim;, it is not my eo sent alone she has lo seek,
and that my will is subordinate to Uiat of the man lo
whom we owe every tliiii)'. The kiiowledije of this fact
iiiiisl prevent her fniiM fixinjr her choice in a way that
may not niei't the approval of Honaparte, and the"latler
w ill not frive your sislcr in marriafre to any one to whom
you can object."
I know not the names of (he young gentlemen who
were so ea;;er to pay homatre to Mademoiselle llortcnse
de Heaubarnai^'. The prospect of her future destiny wan
brilliant, and she was surrounded by a eniwd of adiiiircra,
all zealously eiideavourinif lo please her; but encoiiraire.
iiient was jrivi n to none. When I saw her for the first
time, which was si.x months hcliae her marriage, no in-
dividual was yet pointed out as haviiu; fixed the clioieu
of' this youiif lady, wlioiu so many parents anxiously
wished lo make their daughter-in-law. Since then it hnu
been reported that she had a partiality for (u'lieral 1' ,
but at that time no such tliiu ; was mentioned, and I ho.
lieve there is no truth in (lie story.
(General I' was very ; ..ndsoiiie, hut the other iiieiii.
hers of his family were far fniiii possessiii'.: (In like ad-
vanlai;e. The followiiiy am edole of tin ir reiiiiirkahlo
plainness may he related here.
They wen' eini;;raiils at the same perioil as my family.
( hie e.i'iiiii": the l)iil;e lie Kliuri, w ho, in despite of Ihe
loivalions of exile, was full of lili' and (.'iiiily, visited the
rnnei'ssi'.e \'audeiiionl,alli r an ubsi nee of some luouHis,
Me was aeipiaind'd wilh old .M. de I' and, iillir sa-
lidiiig him, said; — I'r y, who is this horrible lookiinr
vvoiuan siHiu!,' beside the eharmiiiLi' .^Ind.iine de Koiiijy,
as it were liir Hie purpose of pnidiieiiiir a eonlrnst 1—
That lady is my vvil(\ aiisvvi n d .\I, de I' vvitli rather
a leii(r(hi'iii'il eoliiileiiatiee. — (ill! no, n'plied the duke, I
know M iilanie ile I' very well; (il was lo her, how-
ever, his ipiislioii rel'ern'd) she is very agreeable .... I
mean thai one on (he other side of Mail.ime de Koiiffy ....
she is nvilly l'ri;:lill'iil.— Ah '. Iliiil i,-; my sister. Well, my
dear I' , this is i|iiile distressin:,', there is 1,1 exirieai.
ill).' onc's-self I'niiii . iieli nil eiiibarrassnient with vmi, I'gr
liiere never w i 1 so exlranrdinary u family.
.Vimriis iifJiiKiiiliini; vol. .'1.
Hournenne [rives the fiillowine necoiinl n(' aiiolher
love alhiir of llorlense with l>iiri)e, nlleiwarils |)iie du
Krioiil — a nineh more ilisliii);iiislied perNoiinije lliaii thn
ohseiire niynlial eliiet'. We iiro disposed, liowevi>r, to
illni 11 bull' or no cn'dil lo ihe atory, vv bieh we liiivo
only exlrnelcd lieeniise H,i,iie iiotien of il seeiiird rsaen-
linl III the mcmoirn of ila heroine. Il ia iinproliiihle Unit
Diiroe, who WHS of n cold, phleirintilie tiMii|ier.iiiienl, nnd
iieilher ro.iiniilic nor uiienlciihilini,', »lionld have eliosnii
lo rebnipiiah the ho|M-a nresenled liy so apleiuhd an nlli.
tiiiec, ainiply hccniiso i( involved his (eniporuiy nhseiien
Iroiii the peraoii of Ihn lirsl consul. Ilia very nllnclimeiit
In Nn|")h'oii, winch ia the nllnired ground of refiianl,
could only Imve been nn nddilioiinl inolivo liir Ida i;nn-
aniil. Tiio tulo mny lie anfi'ly ael down us nnother in-
sintiee of the vanity nnd iiilarepn'spiiimion, ao charae-
Inrislie of the work and ol'ils niilbor,
"Itoiinpnrte suid, nl Si. Ilcleiin, apenklnir of Loiiia
nnd llorten»r, Ihnl 'Ihey loved rarh oilier when they
iii'irrlod : Ihoy desired lo Ihi iiniled. The innrrlnKc wna,
loo, Ills rcaull of Joicphiiio'n in(ri|;uca, who linind li«r
'^?
'!■ r-
I J*'
;■ Vi
V.
I :
< ■
r.
»
i.
i.
•i
i
■iM^i
174
ItlRNOIIlS OF HORTENSE BE VrilARNAIS.
I Ti
■-li-i J»
'U- '-l^i,
,♦1 •'
l
If;
II
account in it.' Oiio fact iH corlain, and tliat is, that
tlioy (lid nut lovi^ ric'li ollinr at all. Unrlcnsc was pas-
sionately attached rn Dnroc, wlio did not return licr
aHerliiin witli e([ual ardour. The lirst ci)n.sul consented
to llicir niarriajfc ; l)nt .loseph'ne, who was desirous of
ol>tuiniiiir some .■.n|)(iorl against Ijer brolhers-in-hnv,
who never ceased to persecute her, wished to have Ilor-
tense united lo I.ouii. f'hv, aeipiainted Mio with her
wish, and 1 told her lliat shr had concealed her intcu-
lions too loufr, as I had promised my services in favour
of the younjr lovers, and had done so tlie moro willirifjly
because I knew the tirst consul's opinion was tavonrablc
In the union with Dnroc, I addeil, that her daufihter
could not I'c-itrain her tears when F.ijtiis was mentioned
to her as a hushainl. The lirst consul, in tiic expecta-
tion that Duruc'.s marriaifo with Hortensc would take
place, had sent to Inm his brevet, as (;eneral of division,
by an extraordinary courier, who went to Holland,
throiii,'h which Uuroc had lo pass on his return from
.St. I'elersliurL'h.
" Durinu Duroc's absence, the corrpspondcnco of the
younjr lovers passed, by their consent, Ihrouffh my
iiands. I'lverv nii^ht I used lo make one in a party at
billiards, at which llorIens(\ played very well. When
I told her, in a whisper, that I had (rol a letter for her,
kIio would i[nmc'dialely leave off playini;, and run to her
chamhcr, where I followed, and gave her Duroc's epistle.
When she opened il, her eyes would fill with tears, and
it was some linie bi^fore she could return to the saloon.
" When we wore at Mahnaison those inlriijues con-
tiniic<l. At the 'I'oileries the same conduct was pur-
BUeil, but Iben the probability of .Miixess was on Duioc's
siile; I even felicilaled him on his prospects, b\it he
received my compliments in a very cold manner. In a
li^w days fit'ter, .rosephine succeeded in chariu'inir the
whole face ofallairs. Her heart wa:; entirely set on tlie
niarriaffc olT.ouis willi her dani'-hier', and pr.iycrs, en-
treaties, caresses, and all those liltle arts which she so
well knew bow to use, wero employed lo persuade the
lirst consul to her piuposo. On llie Itli .lanuary the
tirst consul, after diiwier, entered our <'iil>inel, where 1
was at work, ' Where i.s Dnroc?' he enipiired. ' Ife has
jTone <int lo the opera. I believe' — 'Tell him, as soon as
bo relurns, Ihat 1 have promised Ilorlense to him, and
he shall have her. lint I wish the marriafje to lake
plaie in two days, at the latest. I will i.'ive him live
hundred thousand Irancs. and mime him commandant of
the eifrbleenlh military divisifui ; but he must set out
the day af|{'r his marria^n', with his wife, for 'I'oulon.
We must live apart ; I want no son-in-law at home. A.--
I wish lo come lo some concbision, let "e know to-
iiiyhl whelber Ibis plan will salisly him.' — 'I think it
will not.' — ' \'ery will I then she shall marry I.ouis.' —
' Will she hke it " — ' It must he.' The first ccjiisul ;,ave
nie these direclions in a very abrupt nninner, whirh
made ine lliink that siuno liltle doincslie warfare had
bei'ii raL'ini:, and thai lo put an end lo it, ho had conn'
to propose his ultimalnm. At half past six in the even-
iny, Duioe relurniil; I reported lo him, word for word,
Ibu proposilioii of llie Hrst consul, '.'since il lias come
to thai, my jjood friend,' said he. Mill liiin, he may I ■ c
Ins danybler, for me; I am iioiii;,' lo see the .' ■' ui,
willi an indilUMcnce liir wliirh I cannot accoiml, he
loidi his h.ii, and weiil oil'. 'I'lie lirst consul, beliire (.'oiliy
to bed, w.is iiiformiil of Duroc's reply, and ■loscpbine
received lioni him Ihti promise that I.ouis and Iliirtense
slioiild be nviriied. 'I'lie niarria(je look place ,i lew
days after, lo Ihn (^reat ri(rrcl of llorteiiKc, and, pro-
bably, lo the sniisfaelion of Dtiroe. i.onis niibmilLed lo
liavn a woiiian, who had liilhcrto avoided lilin i<h much
IIA possililo, liilced iipiin Inm for a wife. She iiUmivs
niciiifesled as much iiidillercneo liir Inm, an ho display-
ed repugn III! e fur her, and lliuso MC/iilimenlH arc iioi
yel elVaiiMJ.
"Napoleon saiil, at Si. Helena, tlut In- u i>.|ied lo
iiiiiti' lioiiis tvilh a nine of 'I'alleyrand. 1 cim oiilv say.
Iluil I iii'Mir heaiil a word of Ibis iiwru*, eiiher from
hiinself, his wllu, or lior daughter : und. 1 rulhur tbmk,
Ihat ai Ihut li'iio the friit cutmnl wim lookini; kMi ' ii
royal ulliance lor l.oiin. He cifi ., e.\|i.. xed re({t<l »l
llic piecipiliile iiiiirii igcfi of .,i» sisterf It sliouUl be
10' olieilril, Unit VI- weru now in the yoar w, icli h,iw
llio I oiisiilship loi lilii eslnblh'lied, anil winch, eoni.ii
ipii'iilly, \t\\a presage of the eiiipiic. .Nap<j|eoti 'ruly
siiid lu the coiiipmiiolni of his exile, ihat ' lioniii's i 'ur-
liage Willi Ihn reniilt of .liisephine'^ intiignes;' In I I
caniiol innlerNl.iiiil liotv ho iit'ver nioiitioiieil the in jii-
liuii he oiicu hid uruiiltlliK llurti'iino lu HiitDc."
NOTES TO CHAPrKK V.
ll.idaiiie do Monlesson gave the first ball that look
place ill honour of the marriage of liOiiis Itoiiaparte and
Maileinoisclle de lieaulianiais. Invitations were issued
for seven liimdred [Hrsons. There was as yet no im-
perial court, for Napoleon was only consul ; lliougli
Ihen young, I could not fail to remark llic eager atleii-
lion ami servile llattiTy evinced by all classes lo the
Honapartc family, whose fortunes already da'wncd so
brilliantly, that there was no calculating wlia! ainbilion
might aim at when encouraged by such nne.xamplcd
success. The foreign ambassadors were present at
.Madame dc Montesson's fele, whiili was on a most
magnificent scale. K\cry coimtcnanec beamed with joy,
save tlialof the bride, wlio.se jirofound inelancholy formed
a sad contrast lo the happiness which she might have
been expeelcdlo evince. She was covered with diamonds
and Mowers, and yet her countenance and intanner showed
nolhing but regret. It was easy lo tiiresee the muliial
misery that would arise out of this ill assorted union.
I.ouis I!oua]iartc showed but liltle atleiilion lo his bride;
iiiid slu', on her l>art, seemed lo shun his very looks,
lest 111 should read in hers tlic jiiditi'ercncc she felt to-
wards him.
This iiidinV'rcnec daily augmented, in spite of the
alleetiouale advice of .losephine, who anxiously sought to
produce some congeniality of li'cling in the newly mar-
ried couple. liiil nil her endeavours were u.seless.
I subjoin two letters which she wrote to her beloved
daughter some time before her separation from her bus-
band was dei'ined inilispi>nsable. They show how earn-
estly .losephine desired lo see Hortensc in the possession
of that happiness and peace of mind lo which she was
herself a si ranger. Her daiighler's iinhappy marriage,
which she fiiresaw, but i;onld not prevciil, was a source
of deep distress to her. If she i njoyeil an}' consolalion
under Ibis alllielion, it was that ol witnessing the imin-
terrnptid harmony wiiich prevailed between the viceroy
and vicc-ipieeu. Unl, aller all, can any lliiiig soothe the
sorrow of a niolher who sees her danghter'a liappincs;;
blighted for ever /
T» Queen Iloitense.
" I was (lc,|ily grieved al what I heard n few days
ago ; and what I saw yesterday coiiHrined and inereased
my di.strc.ss. Why show this repugnance lo I,ouis '
Iiisbad of rend ring il the more annoying by caprice
and incipialily .it' temper, why not eiideiivonr lo siir-
iiiount it .' You say he is not ainialile ! every thing is
n latin'. If he is not so to you, lie may he so lo others,
and all women do not see him tlirongb ilie veil of dislike.
To me, who am ilisiuterested, and who view Icni as he
really is, he appears lo be more dis|iosi'd to hue than
tilted lo be III loved, and that is certainl
His soul lakes too lofty a tlight lo be accessiiile to imv
vulgar passions, (ilory engrosses bini more peiliail«
than is condiicive lo our happiness; but the lii\(; ,||'
glory is inooinpatible with any thing base. Such in my
profession of faith with regard lo my husband. I fiaiildv
communicate il, in Ihn hope thai it will calm your up.
prehensions. When. I advise you to love, or at least
not to re|inl.se liOiii.s, I speak to you as an expetii'iirnl
wife, a fond niolher, and a friend ; and in these tlin.,,
characters, which aro all equally dear lo ine. I teiiilirlB
embrace you," — .Mem, ufJuseii/iinr, vol. 1.
Iiouis Honnparln was not amiss at eighteen ; miIim..
(piently his iniirmilics gave him the aii]iearance ofmirjlj
man before his lime; this rendered liiin morose in j|,.
pearaiice, and in reality miserable. He resemliKd i||r.
ipicen of Naples when he was young and in health: tiiifr,
was the same cast of coniileiiance, and the same ex|ie.
sioii in the look, when the features of the (pieen of Na|i|,<
were al rest; bill, as soon as they were aniinated by \\,,
smile or her look, all resemblance vanished.
i.onis is a mild, ea.sy, good nalnred man. The Pin|c
ror, with his whim of making kings of nil his briitlirri.
could not find one who would fall in with it. Ills si.td,
secoiuleil him, for tlicy were devoured l?y ambition; Km
on this point the men have always shown a firm anil i|i.
lermined will. I.onis told him as much when he \. ;,
setting out for Holland. "I will do what 1 like,"N,|.|
the young king lo his lirotlier. " Let nie act freely ei |,|
me remain here. I will nut go to govern a coimliy whir,'
I shall be known only by disaster."
'I'lie emperor was absobiie in his will. He seiil I/itii.
to Holland: the imforlunalr young man went In ix|<.
peril nee a slow and erin 1 ;iL'i>ny among its canaU ji.i
marshes. The greater pait of his present ailmeiils |ir .
eeed from ,'liiit damp alnios|ihi're, particularly iiiiIiimIiIi;
liir a child of the soiitii, like him. He obeyed, iiinl !, .
w it!' was dcslinril ihere to fei I the keenest angiiisli : ii ;
maternal heart « iis wrung by the (k'ath of her first liurii.
— .Vrmniis of tin: Duleliesf l)'Aliiiiiilis,ji \G'>.
NOTE TO CHAI'TER VI.
The French make sad work with foreign pro(»r
names. In llio account of Ihc depiilation lo I,,iiii.,
for liraceilzeii and Van Slyreau, we iiiiisl read Hr.inlmi
and Van .Styreii. These errors, however, are imt inli»
compared with the iiigeiiioiis inisl:ike of a Spaiii-lur
iialist of till war of the succession, who conlrivn! i
tiansmuto Tmrrtsetid \\\[o Tiiiirrnhrntlim, to Uic ;;i .,
lerjiloxily of subseiiuent historians.
,y a valuabli
luality. Ho is generous, benevolent :>••<'. alVeclionale. _ _
He is a good liiiher, and, if you cLcom-, he may be a NOTE TO CHAPTER VIH,
good hu biiiiil Ills melancholy and ' is lasto for sludj While liuecn Horlcnsn was at the Hague, sliprt-
and relireaii'iil tender him disn;.Teeelj;.. to you. Ilul, ceived as a. new year's present from her mollier, ;iniiii'
let me ask yon, is ll.is his faull '/ Do y jii exneet I; ,iil niense chest filled with the choicest lay things tim
Ic) chaii);!' liiH ii.itiire aecordiiiL' locircuiiistaiice.^ .' V. Iio ilic genius of Ciraiicher und (Jiroiiv ii.iiid inieiil
could have foreseen his altered fordmu/ Von si.y he
has not courage to maintain it ; but ilia* is a mi- lake.
I should rather say he is not suited lo it. iV'illi liis
secluded habits and his nncoiiipieiubln love of retire iicnl
and .study, he is out of place in the elevaled sluliun to
wliiili 1k' has been rais <d. ^'ouwisli that be resembled
li' brother, but ho must first liavo his luolher's tum
|K'r:.iiient. \ijii iiinsl h.ive remarked thai all our ex-
ihteiice depends on hciltli, and lieullh upon digestion.
If poor I. unit's (bgeslioii veie belli r, you would liinl
him lunch morn aniiablo, 2hit as lin is, tlioro is nothing
to jnslify tlio indilli reiiPi ami dislike you oviiiiu to-
wards liiio. Vou, Hortniiiic, who i.sed lo be ho gisid
should cunliiiiic so now, when it is must teipilsile.
T.iki' pily on a man who is to be pitied, lia what would
eoiisliliilu the bappinoss of ni. oilier. Ileibro you loii-
deimi Inm read once again the lellers of .Madame de
.Mainleiion ; she Iihi groaned under tliew(i;:lii ol her
lor
greatness, und bedewed willi her learii u diadem
wliicli liliu uuiicvivud I' - brow wai iiovor dcHlincd."
To llir iiimr.
" Vol! niitU'.idertitaiul me, >i. - dear; tliora.is nolhing
uiiuivocal ill my alyle, us tie .i. in iiulhin ' uiicandiil i.i
my liei>rl. How could you over imagine thai I iiliare
cert., e absuril, or puiliaps i ilorniited opinioiiH < Surely
yoii I {iiont believe thai I b i.k upon you as my rival
VVt liolli ri Ij'ii over llio Kaiiiii lionri, bill by lilies very
illllifenl, llimigli <.-<niallv micii il ; and lliime w bo uinv
my liiii.liaoil'.i nllmilioii toi you in any other liglil lliiiii
lliut of a IriuniJ ami a I'utlior, know lilllu uf Iiih lioait
was dosigned for young Napoleon, whose preiiMtuil
death drove part of Ibu imperial fiimily iiliiiost luiliil
tra'.'l'on, and was perhaps the cause of all Ibu fuImT
ipic'it cvenls.
'I'lie child, who was seatc! near ii window oiiriirijl
on the park, appeared careless of all tho pri-.'-eiilnlliill
were spread hi liiro him: In: wiin eoiistanlly Imikitii; l»|
wards the opposite iivemiM. The ipiieii, iiiipalKaul
seeing him less delighted ibaii she expected, askrilliill
if be was nut |irul>'lul lo his graiidmaina, liir her liiiiil
iiess ill sonding whatever she Ihoiigbl would givt'nl
pleasiiru. " Indeed 1 am, inammit '. bul il does iiiil«ui-|
piisu me. Slid is iiKvayHso good Ihat I uni imcil loi
" Then you are not amused with all llieso prelty |ilii|
tliingH /" ''Oil I yes, iiiaiuma, but" " Ibil »lnl
" I uin very anxious ll.r somelhiiig else." "Miiiiw
it, my child, depend upon my giving il lo you." "^u
maniina, iiidi i d you wu'iil." " Do you wiiiit nim*!
liir llie (Hior V " I'apii gave me noiiie llii» iiiorMiiii(:
liavi) given it all iiw«y ulreiidy - I Wttiil"— "tin
you know how iiiiieh I love you; you may be sure I ««
lo begin the year by (ilnnning yon : tell inn, dailinr. »*
do you wmh." " .Maniiiui, i want you lo let iiii 'ij
about in ihat prelty mud m tliii aveiiun: llnit wiiliiinii
llio more Ihaii any tiling Iso."
Il may bu leuilily HiippoHcd that llio ipieeii iliiJ
indulge tins Htrango wiiiiii 'if her son; il yaiiicii
disiippointinent liir tho young prince, who eiMii|il<i"l
eoiistanlly thai n. « vear'n day was very dull, lliil<
WHS liiiil :iiii| loiibl never l«i conteiiliid iinhim lino
nai about III the roiii, likoutliur lltllli bnya. FuituiMtr
a seiere li-os
Itars.
'I'liis chilli
strong taste I
tolligeiil, aiK
requiring lell
tinlity of .\a|
i belioliliiig bin
-,.; 'I'lie iliseas
J mill violent: .^
,; liini the most
., ill a lew liour:
'- lii,< iiiiitlier.
.;■ mIhii the blow
. Ill remove her
ivere chisped i
mid she clung
iiei:issary to b(
;i|atliy, her d
^, lii-tatliiiig, exci
;:' Has she rciiiii
■^ .Vi.liiiiigseeinei
• jilui.c could aifi
so long that it
' tiinib llic child
, every |iossiblc ii
'*• liuiistcd, a clia
■; iliR'clcd the cor
; the lap of his u
rtiircil her to a
iittiTcil a pii-rcii
hlill'iR'Ss, anil cla
liiT rjiild, a llooi
Ij.k'dcherks, wli
uiili ynuthfnl In
The ipicen w,i
f'\liiiii.-ited, lioivei
linns, she liiinled
; ejijmrluiiity lo re
.A letter bud i
ns llie young prii
ivli'lir.iled pliy.>iei
|in'seri!ied should
'11. u croup — a disi
hill a lew niomeii
iiiniMOiits are lost
11. iH the first who
I irries oil' i:ifaiil
I liiii lo llio gra
■I'llli-e to render I
I.I .1 liiiiidreil oilier
.V//f hy l/ie aiil/i
NC
I iirl, fiir the fir:
lliivi ly Hoiiien of lb
llii-i-ii Ml universally
|{k.iiit mil the many
liias .M. 111. .me de
||il:iiiie.i| style, she t
fu'lio siirriiimded hi'
evlr.iririlinary beam
liiiibii': iii.iiiy woiii
liiu'lii-r iiioiilh, or a
Iiliiiii lo finer eyes
lunillrness I'oinbiiied
Jil In .Miidame de
|l!irliii'. The kind ,
■ill .ill liir iiiovem, III,;
II 111 ler iliseovered ii
piiiriil by the lend
'"iilil mil fail to gi
ll'H'li till' |i ast p„|„„
>lii'iili|ii'arid, as it w.
plir til ling, as if ap
Ijli" siiliji It of her ha
fur Ini.sliiiiid wlioin »
jiilinii, hv,, y|.|ir,, I,
li'i'ii \>'rf ditlieiill to
la any ciiiversalioii \
WiNiiiiti'ly plunged 111
pii iH'iirl to p,i,| in
■luiv.viT, iilivays npiM
|l< Hilling any pleiis
pill' III perceive tliall,
^irikiint a conlrast v
Mriid as II in
^l(lall(l|i,|y._J/,.,„„,.
m:\
MK.MOIUSOl' IKHITRXSK BICAlillAKNAIS.
MT)
ci;ssib!e lo anv
iiiDri.' iii:rli!L|is
Jilt I 111' li'VC! Ill'
ill. Swell Is my
ibiiiul. I iVuiiklv
1 calm yiim ,i|i.
liive, or 111 Icnsi
an exi'i'ti'Mircil
ill llii'sr llinc
) inc. I luiidcrl}
1.
cifjlilfon : siilisf.
iciiranci; ol'iiii'ild
II morose in a|i.
le ri'srmlilxl Ihr
il ill lieallli: lliiro
the same ixym.
iMiiieenol' Nii|]|i'«
• iiniiualed liy liii
slit'd.
man. Tlir om|».
r III! Iiis liri'tliii^
itii it. His t.\Am
liy ambition: Inii
i\vn a iinn um\ ili.
icli when lie \.
what I liUe," >.,il
ne act freely er I.I
rn a country ^^l;c^e
ill. He sent Unlit
man went In i-i\t-
riiifr its eimiiU ami
esent ailineiils p .
tieularly nnlieallliv
lie olieyeil, ;iiiil l.i-
■eiiest an);iiisli ; In
ith lit' lier lirstlmiii.
tJ,/) It).).
R VI.
■ilh fiiraipn prupd |
imtation lo I,.
.kI read HriiiilMnl
soon dried llio pretty mud uiid 'lie prince's
lean
i'liis cliild cvin
oed a delerinined eharaelor, and a
slronf
lelliijeiil, il
lasle for a mi
lilaiy life; lie was extremely in-
lid Hliowcd great i|iiickiies8 in every tliiiifr
'I'liia accounts for tlio groat par
li'ili'l'v of Napjleon, who was deligli
.vever, are ii'
lUe of II Spi
.1 lol*
hli an.
who conlriviil l'<
nil, III, to llici!i"l|
led with the idea of
lielioliliiig him, horeiiflcr, worthy lo ho his successor.
'J'hc ilit'eusn which attacUed him was equally sudden
amiviiileiil: .M.I.atour, first physician toKinfj Louis, paid
iiiiii the most assiduous altention. It was unavailing:
in a le«' hours the prince was lust to the nlVcctions of
|ii,< niiilher. )lorlcnsc never quilted him for an instant :
wliiii the hlow was at length struck, force was requisite
1,1 remove lier from the chamhcr of death. Her arms
uerc clasped ahoul the chair in which she was seated,
mid she clung to it with so much strength Ihat it was
neiHSsary to bear her away as she sat. Her conijilcle
iipalliV, '"■'' •''".'' "'"' h'arless eyes, and her painful
liiealliing, excited the most lively apprehension. In vain
was slie^reiiiindod of her son and of his sulVerings.
\i. tiling seemed capalile of moving her lo tears, " which
ali.i.e emild ulFurd uTieU" and her situation oonliiiucd
' iiiiijr ibat it was feared she must soon follow to the
loiiib the child so tenderly beloved. At length when
every possible means of bringing on a crisis seemed c.\-
baiisled, a chamberlain whosu name 1 have forgotten,
ilin'tted the curpt^e of the young prince to be placed in
llio l:ip of his unhappy mother. The terrible sight rc-
pliircil her lo u full sense of her learful calamily : she
utlercil a piercing shriek, her arms lost their spasmodic
(.hlliiess, and clasping to her breast the dear reniains of
liir eliild, 11 Hood of bitter tears fell on those cold and
I'.uicil clicks, which but a lew hours belbrc wore glowing
iviili yiiulhful health.
The iHieeii was out of danger from that moment;
ovluiiisted, however, by such is)wcrfiil and rapid emo-
tidiis, >lie fainted away, and adv;inlaye was taken of this
i.|i|«ir''"idy to remove the reiiiiiins uf her child.
A letter had lieoii dcspiilchod to Corvisart as soon
as the young prince was taken ill, but the re,)ly of the
'' ivlobraleil physician arrived loo laic : the remedies he
i iirnserilied should have been uibniiiistered i'liiiicdiatHly,
E^ Till) croup — a disease before eniiiely unknown — requires
' 'Mint a few monieiil; lo gain the mastery; if tlio.so lew
, iiiiiiiieiils arn lost, all hope is at nn end. Corvlyarl
iv.iH llie lirsi who studied tlin nature of a malady which
earriiis oil' mfaiilM with such li'arful rapidity. 'I'liis
Iiuiiiii to llio gratitude of every parent would alone
V Millln' lo render Ins nieuiory glorious, wilhoul the alii
|ul a liiiiiilreil other titles to wellearned iiiiniurlality.
jVu/r III/ llic aullior J'ruin Mi in. uf Josrpliiiw, vol. 2.
The
Noii; TO ii.ii'Tiiu XI r.
leror Alexander went to visit .Tnsepl
the lOth of Ma
and iliiied at Malm
n. .^1
ic reiiiaiiK
ill the saloon, notwilhstaiidiiig her acute bodily sntVeriiigs
game at prison-bars
A blister was applied between the .shouldi
iinpisnis
to the I'ect ; but, abisl it was Ino la
lid si-
ller dread-
fill malady was making rapid and frightful strides.
'I'hi
lis excellent woman, alwavs apprelu iisue ot' givin
U VIII.
It lie Hagui
otbi
^1 ..l:iy thinu^ li.a|
eould iinellt.
whoso prei.wi
iilly alnio..-l inil.i'l
L' oV all the fubU'I
a window i.|poiWiih
|ill the preM'nl»lblMl,
stantly lonkini! l»^
l|iiieii, ini|i
NOTK TO ClIAI'. XI,
I net, fur the first lime, al lliis party, one of the niosl
\\v
llnvily wiiineii of the court of Ijiieeii Horlensc : she has
IIh'i.ii su iiiiiwrsally ri grelled, lliat lo name lur is lo
lik'Hit nut llie many ipialities which adorned her: tlii-
KM M, III. .1111' ill' line I . . . . 'I'liough dressed in the
|ilaiiiisl style, she ap|»'ared to iiie to relipse nil Uiom'
wlio Miriuiiiiiled her, not so niiK'li from possessing any
I'^lrianliiiary beauty, or from imiueilialely allraeliug
[lintiei': iiiiny woiiieu iiiight Isiast a prillier nose, a
irr looiith, or a fairer colour; but none could lay
II lo liner eyes; llicy were evpnssive of wil and
atii'iili^^H|i.iill. iiess eumbiued ; and it was impossible lo Ih' in. In
cteil, asl.eilU^P,.,| t,^ .Mail.ime ile llri>i', witlioiil li'iliiig an iiltaelimeiit
Uit would give !•■
fbut it does nut ml
III 1 um iiseil '»i'T
|{ Iheso pretty I'l'l
iliil wiial [
" Ml iiiiJ
eUe."
Ig il lo y
you want iiioiisl
1 this iiioMuiH:
want
very
fur lier luiA^||;ii' lii'i'. The kind of earelcKiiiess which she displayed
II all lier moveini ills, gave her a |M'culiar charm which
I 111 vcr iliseovered in any one i Ue. The iiilcresl she in.
I'lirnl by the lender expression of he r eoinileiiance,
Iriiiilil iml fail In grow into friendship, whenever she
|.»>l( til.' |. avt pains lo encoiirago that Neniiinenl; but
bilii'a|i|inirid, as il vvere, aii.vions to liy from every ten
Ur ti. Iiii._r, as if apprelieiisive of bei..g' diverled I'roiii
III ■ siiliji 1 1 of her h.ibitiial inedilatloiis — ihe iiiemory ol
||. r liiisliuiiil wlioiii she had lo^l, lo Ihe Ih'sI of my reeiil.
M.iii, l\V(i vcars hclore thai p< riisl, Il v .nild lia\'e
fi'i'ii very ilillieiilt In inlrodiiee mirth itiid I'hrerfuliii'HK
any I'.Miversalion with lier; ne>ei||irU'si, hIh was ml
bilMhli'ly plimgcd in melancholy ; she would even make
il.irl to join ill Hociul CMU\ersntii.ii. Uer smile,
PI...1.1IT, iilways np|H:ari'U constr.iined ; and no far from
t VI iiini! any pleoiture, Il was ahiioHt painful in any
pnr t.i i«ri live that lliey had provoked il ; il liirim il tcsi
Itiikmii K eoiilrast with a pliysiogiioiny which niiglil
HI' Miiul as n model for poiliaying IIm' I'liniie ol
I'l.iiiilinly.— J/tOKd'H uf tli\: i'.'wi;(ii.'J ^uar^/iliif, vol, '.',
IV be siirel
|.|| iii'p.dailini!.
yilU lo III nil '
liiie: llial will ill"'
[ llio queen
I ; il win n t"
lln. eiilll|"l
■ lull, tli«1
III iinliiH* III'*
bnya. t'uilmulf
which she ciideavonred to resist.
was jilaycd afler dinner on the handsome lawn before the
palace; she ;itti'nipted to take part in il; but her streiiglli
liiiled her, and she was under the necessity of silling
down. Her altered countenance was noticed by every
one; (o the most anxious enquiries she replied with a
smile, that a little rest would restore her slrcnglh ; every
one ill fad, retired with the hope that she would find
herself better the next mnrning.
With a view to calm the uneasiness cfcilcd iiy her
state of health, she attcmiited lo take her usual walk ;
bnt her illness assumed a serious turn, and she was
brought back to her apartment in a condition which ex-
cited great alarm.
The symptoms did not improve in the course of the
day; she had rcpciited liiintings. The night was still
worse; she was already attacked with a kind of delirimii;
her mind was much agitated; she spoke much, contrary
to Ihe physician's express recomincndation.
On the 5 Ith of May (it was on a Friday) she awoke
with a severe pain in her throat. The king of I'russia
and the Kmperor Alexander were expected to dine that
day at Malmaison. Finding Ihat her majesty had a
slight attack of li'ver, M. Horean insisted upon her re-
maining in bed, and avoiding the least cold, the more : .
as, having liikeii a pnrgiilive iiiedieine, her exposure tc
the iiir might he iitlendc'd with .serious danger. As lb.
empress did not sum disposed to follow his advice, he
deemed it proper to appeal lo Madame d'Arherg's inllii-
ence ; and this lady ciideavoiiied bi obtain a promise
from her iiiiijesty tlnit she should not rise from her bed.
All was in vniii ; Josephi'.e insisted upon dressing as
usual, and dcseending fr'iin her apartiiieiit in order lo do
the honours of her Ine.isc to the allied sovereigns. She
sat down lo tiiblc, a^^.stl d at the court circle ; bill at husl
In I' siitVeriiigs iuereasi (I to such a ibgree, that she wa"
fireeil lo retire, and re piestcd of liuecii Horteiue to sup-
ply her place.
From that moment hi r illness assumed a very serious
and alariiiiiig turn. The next <lay, iiilth of .May, the
I'lmpernr Al.'xander paid her a visit, and finding her
mueli ,'illeri'il since the preeeiling day, Ile proposed to
send her his private physieiiin; she ili iliiied the iilfer, oiil
ofconsidi riition fir M, Horean, in wlioni she reposed Ihe
nliuosi conlidenee. Ile had t'ormerly been the i'm|ieriir"s
physician, and in ipiarlcrly atleiulance upon him. Fver
since Ihe divorce he was alt:ieheil lo the empress, who
nlerlaiiii d ihc highest opinion of his chariiclcr and iiie-
dic.d skill.
He inwiriiibly gave his allcndance to her in Ihe morn-
iiig, and as soon as liie eonsiiltalioii was over, he look
his departure lor I'arlf. As he was lodged in a very
small apiuluieiil at ll.li^pleall, hi' iievi r remained Ihere:
it was tlirri'fore doing him a luaiiilisl inju.-.tiee luaeniM'
him of neglect during thai tiiliil •J.ltli of .May. He Wiis
anxious to leinain at iMalmaiMiu ; but the empress, being
apprehensive lest he should prevent her from rising, as it
was her intention In do, pressi d him to return as usual
to J'aris. .\s Inr lii'iillli did not yet excite any iippre-
heiision for Inr life, he gave way and look his dep;irliiie.
.At night, tin' physii iaii ol'Kueil was sent for; he was
greiitly alarnnd at the ilaiiger in wliiili he liiunil llie i in-
pri'ss, whose imprudriit lunihiel was iitteuded with .^ueh
liilal conse.pieni I >. He llioii;,hl il would be ail\i>,ible lo
upply imniiiliali ly Iweiity-liu' k echi s on the hack of the
lieek and between the sin.iildrrs. lie woiilil not how.
ever take upon himself Ihe res|ioiisiliilily of so violi iit a
icmeily ; a niisseiiger was seiil to I'aris ill search of M.
Il.neaii; some lime i l.ipsed before he eoiild he found:
he arrived al l.ist, and nothing cuuld exei id his ilislr.ss
of mind whin he liiiiinl her majesly iiui eeiidili.iti win. Ii
\i[\ but very I'.iinl hopes of her recovery. She was
feelly colleeled, but spoke with great ditfnully.
looks sei iiieil lo qiie.Htinn M. Iloriaii who nttempteil
vain to disguise Ili.* altln lion. She pressed his liaiiti lo
pro\e to hi III Ihat she was fiillv aware .if her dani'ii : iiiil
she displayed in llial dnailful niomeol all the courage
which wii^ to be evpei led from In r well known ehurneli i,
M. Iloreiu I oiiHulltd willi M. Iiamoiiieuiu. the pliysi.
eiaii N\'lio had been ealled in; Ihe latti r sIiiImI >i U'i his
opinion thai the iippheation of lieelies iiiii;lii lii.. saved
the eiiipres.^ . but he had not \inliirril r. r(-«ir' lo this
reinedy wiUn.iil tin pnvloiis appiolialimi i.i' lier ii!.ije»ly's
regiil.ir pliy..i. i.iii. •' Why, »ir, esckiiimd lln lulli i, in a
ciini' like llii \ou oHchI ii»t lu liavo \v.iltid I'm ini- , tile
loMi of two hour* in Rilul."
liii lo those she loved, abstained I'roiii all ciimpi
look every remedy tlnit was pi escribed, and by her j
lainl,
iitle
and alfectionate looks endeavoured to calm the fears of
those who surrounded her.
She was informed Ihat Rcdoute, the cel.'hrated painter
of llowers, whose talent she ailmireil, was at Malmaison,
w here he came to paint two hi aiilifiil gri en hinise plants:
she expressed hy signs her w isli lo see him. As soon as
he appeared, she held out her hand to him, and then
gently forced him back, saying that she was alViiid her
complaint might he contagious. " Xi \t week," said .lo-
sephine, "I trust I shall see you \\-orkiii; at some fresh
iiiasli -piece."
During the night, from the 27th tr I'le i2Mh, she fell
into a le'hargic shep which lasled rive hours. At ten
o'chick in the morning M. lionrdoi^ arrived. He agreed
with M. Horean that she was past .ill hope, and iliemed
it )irnptT to prepare Queen llorlense and the vice-roy,
who, alarmed at the lapid inroads made upon that idolised
countenance which liny wcie conlemplatiiig with an al-
ways increasing a]iprehcn:v,oii, made her prepare tor re-
reiving Ihe sacranienls, and sent for the curate of Kucil
lo admiiiister the rites of the church. lie was from
home; and she eonlesscd to the |irceeptor of Ihe young
princes of Holland who, though a priest, had long ceased
to exercise his clerical functions. She answered with
great dilliciilty, as her tongue was graduallv re'n 'i..^ io
perform its finiclions ; but her counteiiani 'isi i.ne of
its ealni and benevolent expression.
The I'liiiperor Alexander arrived at Main .isnr; Jo-
sephine appeared to revive on seeing his iiiiij -ly, .mil
east a look of gratilude upon liiiu. rrinec I'aiL ne iiod
tjiieen llorteiise knell niiiv their mother's bed, in I '•"-
eeived her blessing. 'I'liey uerc bolli unable lo 'drcsc
a single w'ord lo the emperor; their sobs alone ga\ iif-
lerance to their grief " .\l least," said .losephine with
an expiring- voice, " I die ri'grelled ; I have always de-
siri'd Ihe happiness of France, and have done every tiling
in my power to promote il ; I may say, with Irulli, in the
presence ofyoii all who now attend my dying iiiomeiils,
Ihat the fnsi wifi' of .\apoleoii has never cau>eil a single
tear to tlinv." TIii'M' were her last words, and the net
day, •Jlllli of M:iy, at half aller ek'veii in the njorning
her siitfirings were at an end, and those of her family
past all remedy or cousolalion I
Miinoirf of Josrjtiiiiir, vol.
Xiilr (if lliirlriisr- In Ihr, Coiiiil ilr In (•'iirilr, I fiiiiii llii' ml-
iecliuii of Hiiniiiiii'fS tiiiiivj-vd in tin- lln^lisli filttiiin.)
I owe yon a Ihoiisiiiid liniiiks, my dear sir, for the
ehariniiig iimiiiiirr/i you have sent me. I had already set
lo music some of llieiii w liicli lii.d t'allen aci iili iitally in
my way lietine I knew their null r. I am grallfied hy
tin pleasure of your aequaintanee, and Ihe oppc'tiiiiily
f tilling you how iniieh I mil Ihilbrid by your ih.hle-
uess ill pr. paring siieli a delightful colleetion. V.-.ir two
ollii r proiliiitii.ns wire riiiil ,\ ith deep inleresi Ihey dis.
play iil.ililies, u liieh, although a wennaii. I i an justly iip.
priei.ile, fnr wliatcvir is deeply lilt is iilways within our
eoiiipr. bein'.ioii.
\\ ilh this note yon will reciive ii book of my own ro-
muiii-iK, which I pray von to accept as a reiin ii.braiice.
I.il it express ihe pleasure I Iihm derived from your
poeiii", and my hi nlinienls of siiicrn' I'sleem and respect.
riir
MlK'EI.I.A.\Kot S.
AnxioiiK thill I ctnuuld pxape the illihetal i. inarkfi nf
my iiviirhbuiirs on kiv Hunt of know IijiI){P ol ibe world,
mv iimll'ier propiiM>d Ihnl wo hIhuiIiI inuve lo another
a|Mii»K>nl; I inotaullv agreed, jiiiI we pioeeeditl to
llmt tat which the t)«Mdfille of Hie prim • sses was suid lo
be giniig on (Vi riiM;liiii(r a door thiit was beset willi
eiMii|Hiiiy )ioini; i> «« out, I wiix on n sudden ,.e|>nrntt'il
liimv my niotliei 4*h1 rarnutj lo '»nn dislanee Ham linr,
willioiit bavins '* m my |m«iu lo join hera(;iiiii I
was qiiito hesijr myKelf: uttj uiiconsc'"ii» nf wlial I
was doing, I mk m »> i»tn«k, and nenrrli. for her in
.\erv i:oriier 'il tht- *|iiirtiiieiil which I hml foiinil sn
iiiiK'li ilifUnjIly ill leni hingt nmible lo rcstr.iin iny iigi'ni-
ciilH-uliints, I questioned every one I nitil, and called eiil
" Where IS my mainmii ! have yoii seen my tn»i«'>».» '"
The ga/nig iinilliliide laughed at n;y di^lttiss >""' o" I
wud a iivrfwl tliuiijjui in thu jilaw;, wot) uno |itiMKtl niu
■ll >.•
'''''> -"ii
;,'lt^
k |»;l
X
i-i
^•^^
^r
gis;
rs^'i
176
MFHIOins OF IIORTEPfSE BRAIIIIARNAIS.
■•. *■ A. r
' ^ i » *>\''
■: f ..'Z'lii..'
'. jf ^-
■i »-■■
in
.%•>.■
:h
witliniit Mliciitiif a wuril; at hst, al'lor a low iiioiiiuiiis
of iiiduscrihalili". aii<riilsli, I met .M. G.izani, who, with
ills usual Uiiuinuss, otrrrcci his arm to assist tiic in fiiuj-
ing out a inothor who was Ihu olijcct of my anxious
enquiries. Nrver was a more op[>ortutio servico ren-
dered ill a more obliirlnu maniKT.
We went over viirious iiiiJiiJiii'^nts ; and whilst I
was scekiiijr in every corner lor llio oliject ol' my en-
quiries, two black doiiiinuseanie up to inc. One ol'lliniii
Eaid, that 1 no doubt had a coi|iicttish inotivi' lor taking'
off my iimsk, since it was usual iiir those who wore that
uiipreleiidinir cosdinie, to preserve it llio whole even-
ing. — '• Cucpiellishness indeed I would that I were lar
I'roni here; lor 1 tan assiiio you, that I have not I he
Binallest ilrsire ol making a conquest in this place."
'• Is it possible yini do not enjoy the scene, yon, made-
moiselle, who are so lively and so Ibiiil ol' daneiiig'" re.
joined the litlle mask, layin^r hold of my arm. " Nol
1 indeed ; have I not lold you ihiit I have liad a surfeit
of it.-' I am scekintr tijr my niolher, and your qiiesti'ins
Iiavc no other ert'ect than to heifrhten my distaste tor
this futigning ball. I meet with nolhing to-day but an-
iioyance from every one." " iNevertheless 1 am deter-
mined not to part with you so soon. Are yon going to.
morrow to the concert of tiueen Ilortense V " 1 am
indeed, to my sorrow ; if that party should bo as enter-
taining and agreeab'o as this one has been to me, I
shall have passed u very pleasant week !" — I ntlered
the last words with increased peevislini'ss ; and forcing
myself aw*y from the domino, who seemed to have at
heart to torment me, 1 dragged M. (iazani along to an-
nther part of the saliwn, where 1 at last found my mo-
ther. .\l. Gazani, atler bestowing a lew inonients to
iho recital of my unlucky advenlure, told iiie that he
believed I had made an egregious mistake, by the harsh
repliei. 1 had just given. " 11. iw is this ?" I hastily asked;
" I do not be.'iove 1 have been guilty of any mistake.'
"i really suspect, madcinoiselle, that the domino you
have so roughly trented is the queen of llolhmd." " That,
indeed, '.vould give the tiiiishing siroki) to my inisad-
ventuics." "I am coiitident tb.il it was the queen's
voice and address." I wished to persuade myselt' that
lie was wiong ; but that ill-disgui.sed lone ol' voice re-
Houniled in iny ears, and 1 was unable to dispel a feel-
ing of uneasiness, which 1 vainly attempted to eomijat,
and which incrc.ii'd my anxiety to willnlraw from the
place where so many unpleasant circuiiistances had,
with unerring fatality, assailed me.
We were iinihie to overtake .M.pdame Foy, whose
lialjii of iippearing at masked bulls, together with her
graceful aiul lively wit, enabled liei to take a priMiiinenl
part ill the scene, and to intrigue with any one upon
wlioiM she coiidescciKii.d to bestow atlentiuii. We there-
took our departure without waiting lur her. » » ♦
A\e reached the residence of fjueen Ilortense at a
late hour, our hnnible eqnip.igc having founu some ditli-
cull\ III niakiiiL' its way tlirougli the elegant earri.iges
whim choked up the sliVet. I'roiid ot the livery which
was a badge ol' their dependence, the <;aaeliineii, e.vult-
ingly hoi. ling the reins wliieli duel ed the fiery ardour
of a handsd.ne pan of horses, were lavish of llieir jokes
and antei-hanilier wit, tiio character of wliicli was liir
too sublime to bo uiiih rstoi .1 hy llu modest driver of
wreteheu hacks, that had hccouie worn nut i'l Iho ser-
vice of the pub.,c. The repialcd lislie- .iiiiieil ut them
bv the proud carnage drivers wore iiisullieieut to oxtri-
cutc 11. fr.Hii our eiiibai;issnieiil. We were upwards ol
an hour ,11 reaching the gatcw.iy, where it bi^caine ne-
cessary l(ir us to alight. I'orlunalely, liov.ever, tin
weather was very line, innl we reieleil the hall wilhout
ciieouiileiiiig the accident I so much li.e.iiled, on acroiint
of .iiy while 1.1. ..e-i. We were indeed ^i irnd at by the
|K)r(rr and footniaii, with a slight oniotioii of conteiniil,
u-liicli Lfoiiglit tin colour to my I'll, eks; but this wound
\n my HI ll lo\r was ,o kimiii dm r that I had already re-
cuvervd li'om It bofoto wo tcaclicU tho top of Uio ulair-
'I'lii' mliKiiis wcro Aill of rnmpaliy, ind tho piano-
forte was ill (be apiirtuii nl where Iho queen had station-
ed liori"! If. 'I'lial apurtmenl could only bo reac.bnd by
poKsing tlirougli several others, hy elbowing men loadud
with de.iiratioiiH and einbioiilered dresses, and ladies
glittering 'n tho splendour of their attire. 1 trod iiikhi
some, got ( n'.angli'd with the liaiids.Mno fringes ol
otIicrH, eurtsoyiitif all the whili' t.i those I linii met at
Mttlnaison ; 1 lei' tliul I wis liolinviiig awkwardly, and
e»(K>rioiiei'il the utmost enibnrrasK.ii"iil niid nneiisiuess,
which i^reully increased as I npproiirhed Mie queen I
U'camo ut la.st cnniplctcly diH.oiiceited. What she told
iiin wan ai'«uridly not culculnud Ig rostoro my k; It'-
possession, as the reader will now have an opportunity
ofjuilgiiig.
"(iooJ evening, mademoiselle; arc you in bolter
temper than yesterday? I must tell you that you do
not shine at a masked ball. You will ask liow that
hiippciiod ? Well, then, I went up to speak to you, and
you replied in a tone of Inirsliness and ill humour,
which is certainly foreign from your usual manners."
'• Madame, I was at u loss to lind my mollier,'and I ac-
knowledge — " "Yes, I know it; nevertheless, that wiis
not a motive for treating nie as you did.'' " I was un-
conscious that your majesty Imd coiiilescendcd — " " Uii-
qucsliunably you could not guess who I was; it is an
excellent lesson for the future, which will, I trust, in-
duce you to bo always obliging to every one; I am
distressed at yesterday's occurrence; I only came up
liir the purpose of countciianeiiig you; and it must be
owned you cannot be accused of having met mc hall
way. Diit to the fact. The genlleiiiau who attended
iiie was anxious to bccomo acquainted with you ; he
knows my mother's paitialily lor you, and wisiied to
discover how far her taste was correct, lie could only
do .so by aseorlaiiiing your incntul ijualitics, by forming
some notion of your manners, and, in short, by not being
satisfied with beholding a pretty face. You did not,
however, set oti' tlio.sc (jualities to advantage. You
may judge of my mortilic!ltion at the touo you assumed;
liir tins domino, whoso curiosity was so much excited,
was no other than .... the uiii|icror."
I was overpowered at tho.so words; for I must own I
could not disguise from myself that I had never been
so disagreeable as on the occasion of the ball of the pro-
ceding night; nevertheless, at no other time euuld I
have been more ambitious of shining, in order to jus-
tily the attentions that wore shown to mo. To have
failed ill proving myself worthy of the protection of the
empress, appeared to me a mark of ingratitudo as
heinous, on my part, as if it had been intentional. The
emperor must have liilt surprised iliit so much kindness
should be bestowed upon a person who could only ap-
pear in his sight un ill-nianiicred girl.
When the i)uceu luund that my comitonancc began to
;issuiiio a character of the most painful oiiiotioii, she
iddrcssed a lew kind words to me, w ilh her accustomeil
gnirefulness of manner, and assured me that she had
s:w\ to the empeior whatever was calculated to sollon
down the nnfnourahle impression occasioiicil by my
ill-timed rougliness of behaviour. Ho bad greatly en-
joyed an openness of nianner to which he was no longer
.iccusloined, and of which all trace Win obliterated, ex-
cept in the ciiinp, where his soldiers retained it in tlieii
iiilercourto with him; he was far from fiii<liii)[ liiuli
with it, ' • • • •
When our visits to the empivis ceased, we had ne-
gleetcd paying our respects to t^iieoii lli.rtense; for we
were atlractid to .Maliii.iison, net so iinieli hy the
dial ins of power and greatness, as by the happiness ol
seeing a mnllier and daughter botli elevated to the
highest rank without bavin.^ lost any of those graces
which rendered llnm so engaging in a more humble
sphere, while both possessed, even in an cniinonl de-
gree, the virtues most essential in indiviiliials deslincd
to rule over others, — viz. chanty and generosity! Coii-
lidciit, therefore in the ipicon s g.io'noss, we delermined
to piy her a visit. Tho Ibllowing circuinstuncc aH'nd-
od us an oppurtiiiiily for so doing.
A young man named Droucit, a native of Ilollnnd,
hill! lit this time just come lo I'. iris, lie playeil on the
lliile with superior skill, but experieneeil tt tbousand
obstiieles in making liiinsi If known, and though in
straitened eirciiinstJiices, ho was said to be tho only
support I'f Ins liither and sister. Ilo was inlrodiiee.l to
us. We (idt iiiterciled tiir liini, and delermined to use
our endeavours to obtiiiii li.r him thu putromige of her
ma jesly, always iieeosslble whim iip|Hialeil loin behiill'
of the iintoiiiiiittlo. IM. Prouut was well worthy of her
iiotiec, for with a. Ittlnnt of the highest order, lin could
barolv pro' ro ii livelihood liir hiniself mid family.
We soli itcd a.i audience of the quemi, which was
instnnlly granted. Alter oll'ering sonio a|)ologies for
haviifg so long iiogloeled to pay our rcsptels lo her, we
iiKMitiuiieil \i. Droiict, i.nd we poon cimtrivod-to oteile
her iiit'trost in his behalf Sbo iissiired uo ho Rhoiild bo
introduced to her; that she would hear liim play, ami
do Boui'-'hing lo iinprovo his ciieiimslanc's. In the
ineiinw iiile, she sigiiitiod her v.i .'i that hi) would aii-
iioiinee a coniert (lir which she would take eigliiy
tickets, She pnrforined all she promised, snd l.> hei
.M. Ilroiiel is indnhlrd for Ifo rnpnl roputiilion liP ne-
quired iii Taria and aflorwrrdi in every city iii Euro|io.
'I'lic haiidsonio Ibrtuno which be now possesses he oucj
entirely to the queen's favour; .M. Prouel may li^j
forgotten this, like many others lo wlioin she extcnJcJ
her assistance. I always feel happy in recording iniii,
of goodness in anyone connected willi Josephine, and |
congrutulalo mysi'lf on calling such matters lo there
ineinbrancc of those who happen to forget them.
I afterwards learned .M. Drouet was far from bpin,
so muritorious as wo imagined : he indeed lived tviti|
his liilhcr and sister ; but tho one acted llic part ol lnj
servant, while tho other was his cook. An acquaint.
a nee of mine calling once upon liini, surprised liinut
dinner with his sister waiting upon him at the back of
his chair, and ills old fulher biusliing iiis boots In i!;(
anteclianiher. On hearing Ibis I was .sorry at whalwr
had done I'or liim ; but after all, it is belter tolicil,c
dupe of a good heart than to sulfur suspicion to clirci:
every generous impulse. I can never regret the rr,;.
dulity which, though it may often have subjected i;,,
to odious imposition, lias more often proved to mc j
source of gratilicalion. — Mcmoiri of the Empress Jj.
sepliiiie, vol. 2.
PORTRAIT OF HORTENSE.
Hortense de Bcauliarnais was at tliis time seventotn
years old ; she was fresh a.s a rose, and thougii her fair
complexion was not relieved liy much colour, she li-,(
enough to produce that freshness and bloom which wa
her chief beauty; a profusion of light hair played in silkt
locks round her sofl and penetrating blue eyes, 'i'lwdf',
licatc roundness of her figure, slender as a palm ircp,
was set off by tlie elegant carriage of her head ; lirr lin
were small and pretty, iter hands very wiiite, with imii:
well rounded nails. But wiiat formed the chief atlraiiinr:
of Hortense was the grace and suavity of lier nianiii!.
wliicli united the Creole nontlmlnncc with tiic vivaeilvu:
France. She was gay, gentle, and amiable; she had \n,
which, without tlic smallest ill temper, had just iibI.m
enoiigli to be amusing. A polished and well coiidin!,,;
education had improved iier natural talents; slieiln,!
excelleritly, sang harmoniously, and performed adiiiiri.
bly in comedy. In l8Ut) she was a iharming younir L'ii;
she atlcrward liecame oneof tiie most amiable priiur .
of Euro|H'. 1 have seen ninny, both in their own . ,.1 :,
and in Paris, but I never knew one who had any \\u.
lensi.ins to equal talimts. Sin; was beloved by every i;',
tboui;ii,of all who surrounded her, her mother seeiiini ■
be the lenst conscious of her ottractions; I do not im,
to say that she did not love her, hut certainly she din 1, 1
I \press that degree of iiiaternnl ntlcction which H.irliih?
di' Ueniiliarnais merited. Her brother loved her lenikr
ly; the llrst consul looked upon Iter as his child; anil 11
was only in that eountry so fertile in tlio inventions «'
senndul llint so foolish an accusation could lia\e bttt
iiiiigini'd, as that any feeling less pure than piUniii
alVeeliiin actuated his rondiiet towards lier. 'I'lie vii
calumny met with the eonlempl it merited, and isno»
only remembered to Ih' confuted.
MtmiifS of ihr, Diilchfti D'/46ranto, ;i. 318.
Alii'anie Campnn relates an anecdote of the diilclitiil
at 11 priv lie tbiiitrienl represenlntion at the selioel-l
The dutch, ss of St. I.en played Esther, the part nl'Kiul
w;is siipporli ll by the inleresting mid unl'ortuimie .Mi-f
dame lie llroe. '1 he;- were iiniled hy the same iiiiifeniiittj
of nge and iiidinnlions, the same mutual friendsliiii, ul
are i.tlribnted lo the ehnraeti'rs ill Kaeine's drama. ' •
|Kdi'oii, who was then consul, his generals, ministers, wil
other prineipii! persons in the state, attended the nprel
sintulion. The prince of Orange was also ohwofiil
there, whom the liiqie of seeing Hidliind once iiiiire, ?nil
of re-eslnblisbing tile rights of his house, had, al mil
pi'riod, brought lo France. Tiie tragedy of EsiIht vuil
IK'rforiiied by Hic pupils, with Iiie dioruscs in iiiii<t[
Everyone unows, lliat in the elioriis at tlie end iil'll*!
third i.et, (he young Isrnilites rejoice in the Iio|h of owl
dav retiirii'iig to th. ir unlive land — n young female wkl
" I shall see once more those dear fields," — another nilAI
" I shiill weep over the s.qiiilchre of iny foreliitleis;" ill
tlie-e words loud sobs were heard ; every eye wns tiiriiril
towiirds a pnrlienlnr part of the riKiiu; tiio represrnlali(«I
was interrupted for a moment. Nn|>oleoii, leiiiiiiiei'>I
wiirds Maduiiie ('ninpnii, askeil the euiise of this nciltl
lion, "The prince ol Orange is here," said lir ; "k<|
IMTceived miinelhing in llie verses which have just lifrti
sung, ap|>liie«l>le 'obis wislius and Hitiialion, and e.itiMirtl
reslrain h» li nrs.'' 'I'lie eonsiil hud already ilillirill
views: "'JVIial is said iiImiii) retiirnin)r home does n*!
apply In hiin, liowcver," a«id he.
I'll' .ir nil NiMniRi or iioaTii««a ■t4i<HtHSAi»
A NAKRAl
iiilr.i<liii»i'iile.i
.-aiK-lliairi'oii t'l
-,M, IIE I'RAei
ussossos lie OWCJ
irniict may have
oin bIic I'xIcmlcJ
I rccordiniT traiii
Josephine, audi
I Q Iters to the a-
rgel llioin.
IS fur from heinj
ndocil lived wiili
;(1 tlie part of liu
li. An aequiiini.
surprised hinui
iiii at llie hack of
g liis boots in ilii,
i sorry at w hat « (
IS bettor to lie ll,c
iuspieion to chrc;-,
or regret tho cm-
lave subjected uw
1 proved to nic i
" the Empress Jj.
ENSE.
;hi8 time sevcntotii
and thouRli her llir
ch colour, she lud
d bloom whicli \ni
hair played in silky
blue eyes. 'I'he df.
ider as a palm trtf,
if her head; horl'm
ry white, with |iiiiE,
1 the chief attraction
lily of her nianniN
with the vivaeily^i:
miabic; she bad wi!,
per, had just malm
and well comlucKo
•al talents; hIu- iin
1 performed admin.
liarminfT younL' fin,
st unliable priiici'-n
h in their own oniua
e who had any |irc.
jicloved by every mt.
\n mother peiinodlol
ions; 1 do not uicinl
certainly pbc diii w I
•ticm whicli HorKiMl
her loved her I ruder. I
ns his child; nndil|
the iiiveiUinns o:
could have l»«
pure than pilitr.iij
.ivds her. 'i'hc "'I
merited, and isno»|
r.ibranlefyj'.'Mi.
dote of the dmdiM
m at the sclioid:-
(icr, the part lit' Kiw
lid unrortunaii' .Mi.
the Hunie iinirnraiill
iitiial friendphiii, a
ueiiieV drama. Mu-
rrain, minister!', «*l
attended the ri'im.
was also ulwrvi*
lluiid onee innrc "<
liMMse, had, at IM
ilfcdy of l''.»tli''r »»
choruses in »i»'A
|us lit the end ol' ll'
III the lio|« "l'»"l
,, youilBfeiiial'™?*
Ids," — unotlicrnHiK
|iiiy forefutliir*;"''
(ci-V eye wim Hire"!
: tin) rnprew nt.ili<«l
[,|Hileon, leaiiiiil!i»
uiise ol' thiK hM
ri'." Hftid iir: "'"I
Lrh have pist l«l
, lion, and eii'iMn
,h.i.dv dilVi"*
,,. Iiciiie ilwi ixl
»E»1'U»BN>
^^mwm
nm^rn®^ mm^wwm^^im^ mmmBi^m^^
VOIi. I.
PIlILAUELilMlIA, AIMIIL '4, 1833.
>o. l-i.
IMtlNTBD ASP PrHLi8HKl> DY AllA.M W'AI.IMI'I, \(i. li, .NuHTii l-^iiiiriil .^inKtT, rKii.AiiEi.i'iiiA — .\t ,v.» tui' .'r.' lniiiiin 1-, iiiij'alilij ill aiUaiK-f.
— ]{ 4, (J. s. wool), I'KiNTUKs AMI I'lniHiiiEKs, Nkw ViiHK, ( ( I'llliO.Sl.X N. WHO!) (•■■ I 11. l!i,ci;i.~i:i,i.iu.i, IIai.i i.^mu:,
Biile Agi'lils anil ruliliiiliiTS <"' Hi" »lalc of New York and all the New I^iiglaiiil slalc.i. j ) Solo Ari'IiIs I'oi llio stales ,11' Jlaryliiii,!, Vlrgliini, anil Ohio, ami the tr.y iil' \e\v OilialiH.
BKING
A NAKKATIVE OF HIS KKSIUENCE AT VIENNA
DCnlNO THE C0NQIIE8S.
"Kiilin 1'licure snnne, I'l iles plaislrs, iiilcr|irelei! aitssi hiii'iTi's
nni' -aiii'i' erIalttiiH de."' dl.^|ioslIiiin« iiiiitiielli'M le«|ihi^ liieiiveillaiile..',
inlr-iilinneiil caieiiielit les arbines di'w de(*liiii''i's de rKiimiii' dans le
taiirniairi' oii flics vulll elru ducideud Le Culigres em oliveit."
l.M. HE I'RAllT.
First American cditiont
PREFACE.
The .ip[icaJaiicc in the " liihrary" of the following work,
bcinff its first publication in America, affords one prixif
anions others which wo havo already given, and shall
licrealler continue, that all of the most piquant European
books are not iiiiiiiediately seized on by the usual caterers
for the public. It ap|)carcd as a translation in London about
a twelvemonth since, and was received with such avidity
as to e.\huust the first edition in a few weeks. We have
already suggested that the author is ]iiolial>ly the Count
dt la Garde, to whom we are indebted for the Memoirs
of Hortcnse — that lie possessed unusual opportunities
and I'lialifieations. and has used his advantages so well
as to be enabled to indite an amusing volume, and give
lively pictures of fiishionahlo society, none can doulit af-
ter perusal, ('ould we with a wish enlarge some of his
details, and render his sketches full lengths, we should
he tempted to do bo. In his preface the author rc-
niarks: —
" If any apology were rciiuisite for a. pulilieatimi of
facts and incidents which took place at a isriod al all
rcinuli, it sliould rest chielly on the prevailing taste
among the reading world lor works in the I'orin of me-
moirs and aiieedotieal reeoUeetioiis.
" It is hardly possible indeed not to look back with in-
terest to the annals of a [leriod pre-eminently entitled to
the deniimination of u great one, and in no respect less
rciiiai'kahlu than tlio times of Fvriclcs, Augustus, Leo X,
and Louis XIV.
" It is precisely when objects fit for the page of his-
[ tory have receded from the sii'lit, without being quite
lost to it, that the scrutiny of the past may be entered
into witliimt the inllueilei' mI" j'.-..s.ii ju and pp'jiidiee, and
I without the bias of personal feiliii;/, so that an impartial
nnd anthi'iitie survey may with eoufideneo be laiil before
: llic public.
"The sketches relating to tho congress of Vienna
which bore follow, though ombraeliig many curious facts
and remarkable events, are intended as an introduction
1 to a more exlensivc work on tho sumo subject, wliich I
may at a fiiliire day lay liefore the public.
An nniiilerrupted st ly of several months in Vienna,
Iduriin; the inemorable period ol which this work will
I treat, had opened to me u field of observation, iVom whence
I I liiive gathered materials not within the reach of every
|«{H'i'taliir of the great drama of which that capital was
iiuade the principal scene.
irciimslanees and localities Imtli combined in nf-
Irurdmg jH'euliar facilities of remark to one situated as it
IwMH my ||Uod fortune to 1h'. Each day seemoil to pass
Iwitli the rapidity of a miiment, and each moinent was
iFrtili in iiKidenlH worth the experionco of an age in '
|diiKiry llini's.
" It was under the aiispinuH of mv relutivn iiiid
lllii: Venerable Ulaisliul I'rinee de liigne, that I );
|«ici'M< til every thing tliai was worthy of m.lice.
llAiik and station, his seniority of age, his iiiilit.iry anil
llilirarv i elelirlty, luid tin personal frieiiilsliip niid esti'iin
(wi'li vvlnrli ho was hiiiiniiruil by all the soveroiglis us-
ii'iiilili'il in VieiiiMi, ami other illiiKlrlnii^ i«'rsiiii.iges,
piiT linn ri nnivi'i-<al ai'rr.i to, ami eon .iilri.ilinn in
|llie hiirlu r i Miles. Mis .luciely waa cuurlcd by all I and
NEW PliUllis — \'i
monarelis, sovereign princes, stutesiiien, great captaiii..<,
and men distinguished in sciences and uit..^, daily crow <li d
bis salons.
I'lic advantage of being led by Biieh a guide, ami of
hearing constantly his opinions and remarks on men and
tilings, are considerations wbicli induce iiie to think tb.at
the following pages \vill not bo read without interest."
CIIArTEIl 1.
Introduction— Historical c-Keteli nl' \'iriiiin— Djscriptloii of the
Ciiy— I'lilice lie Lii;iio.
When the Abbe de I'radt made the Congfess of Vienna
the subject of a political work, he did not represent that
memorable assembly in its most pi<|uant [Hiiiit of view.
lie probably thought that minute detail might injure the
imposing elfect of his picture, and he theretiire absluiiied
from adverting to the jirivatc life of the actors in the
grand drama. 13ut in an assemblage wbieli conliiiuideil
all ranks, and smoothed away all asperities, the hearts
undesignedly laid open, and the traits of character mie.v-
peeledly d<?\elope(l, could not but allbrd a fertile source
of interest to every ob.scrver of liunian nature.
'I'lie masters of the world and rulers of empires, who
assembled at the Congress of N'ienna, lived, for the first
time, on a fuoting of intimacy with their ( qiials ; and
elKcrfully laying aside the Inirden of iliqiiitt,', they
auandoned tlieniselves without restraint to a varied series
of amusements, leaving to able politicians the task of ad-
justing the f'utuie destinies of Europe.
fiueli complicaR'd and iiiiportant interests were cer-
tainly never before discussed amidst so iiiueli festivity
and dissipation. A kingdom was disiuenibered or ag-
grandised at a ball — an iinlemiiity granted at a dinner —
a restitution projiosed during u hunt — and a /«m tnol, or
a happy observation, sometimes eemeiited a treaty which
might iitlier\vi.se have lingered through ti dinus discussion
and eorres]ioiideiiee. The most difficult transaetimis were
arranged promptly and agreeably. K.vlraordiiKiry cou-
riers galloped in a few minutes from the cabinet of a
king to the cabinet of an emperor, and with the rapidity
of tbouglil conveyed a conclusive answer to an importunt
question.
The eongri'ss assumed tho eliaracter of a grand so-
lemnity fiir till' ecli'bration of the tranquillily of Europe.
It .was the festival of peace, and desliiicd to restore that
political eiiuilibrinm which Ilie t'oree of anus bad so long
sus|K:ndcil. The nations of Europe asuemlili'd at Vienna
in the persons of their sovereigns, and iiegnl i.iting through
the medium of their most enlightened ministers, present,
ed a uiii(|ue BiM'ctaele perfectly in aecDrilaneo with the
extraordinary events that had occasioned it.
Meanwhilo the hero of great catastrophes wan once
more preparing to apjiear upon the scene, siirjiriscd, no
doubt, that ilie voice of reason was at length heard, and
that treaties were eoneluded of a nature somewhat dif
fcrent from those v.bieli, fur twenty years, lie has U'cii
aeeustoiiied to ratit'y with his sword, lie rekindled tin
brand of discord, and ebangid the as|K'ct of those volup-
tuous scenes, iipnii wbiili, in spite <d' ( ver varying no-
velty, the languor of satiety was begiiiiiing to eneroueh
I have often been surprised th.\l no netor in tho grand
historical scene should have nndirtaken the task of d
scribing a period ealeulated to e.xeilo such general
curiosity. Uiit most of them I'liiig engaged in discussing
tho great interests of mankind, devoted tin ir attention
wholly to that idijeet — sulVering all minor details to es-
cape their observation. Siibsi'i|iirntly, when the Haine
oPtlie volcano wase.vtinct, and tilings had resumed their
proper level, some may have wished to retrace the scenes
wliieli I am aliout to dcserilHS but not having taken
notes on the «|xit, they have |R'rliaps Ihcii diseonrnged by
wiiit of tiiemory ; justly eoiiceiving that such a picture,
-. IT ablv drawn, eould exeite no Interest uiilcHS il
I' impress of triitli. Tho artist wlio attempts lo
e a liiiiilseape tVom reeolleetion niiiy Kliephis |M'n-
lobiurs, but cannot ueeiirately blend bis tints on
iiivass. Inipressioiis wliieh are not diriveil from
liiir original source are like the rays relleeled by our
planel — tiny impart light, hut not heal.
The congress was in full netiiity on my arrival ill
Viennn, wliieh was nhoiit the middli' nf < (elolH-r, 1st I.
Il was then lep.nieil ihat it woiild i'e npudily dissolved;
hill plearmre or but'iiiesii, which, I do iiut pietend tu
know, ordained it otiierv, i;a'. Weeks and nionllis passi J
away, and the siltuigsof the congress still continued. (>o-
vereigns tiealing with each elherlike brothers, as Catha-
rine tlio (jreat wished they slionld, amicably adjusted
their little /r/mi/i/ n//(ii)s; and >St. rieirc's philosophic
dream of a general peace seemed to be realised.
lieliire 1 introduee the reniler to the (hainalis jurixiiuc
who figured at the congress, a brief sKeleh of the scene
of aclion will not perhaps be deemed siiprrlUiMis.
Vieaiia is situati d on a plain suironudi d by pii liin (.quo
liilLs. The Danube, uliieli iiilerseels and partially sin-
rounds this jilaiii, br.iiielies ulf in varieiis din etion.s, and
tliiis tiirms several little i-linds, on llie iiiesl soulln rii of
which the Ausfriun capital is buill, Viuiiia eonsi.~ts of
two distinct portions: first, the city, wbieli, In iiig em ir-
eled by walls, bastions, and a dry ditch, is ubsolutely a
fortress; and, second, tlie suburbs, wliieh are tnrrouniU
ed by a line of circimivallation, with barriers at the en-
tries, and are separated IVeni the city by a glacis, en
which several pleasant proineiiades are f'l rnieil. Tho
most siHitberii suburb, called I.eopoblstadt, is delaehed
from the town by one of tlie branches of the river.
The population of Vienna is estini:;t<d at between
x!MI,(M)l) and 3(10,(11)0 individuals, U()ll,(l(JO i^f hIioiii ec-
1 npy the suburbs.
The bistury oi" \ <■ iia abounds in curious and inlcHst-
iiig facLs. Il 'asf,,! some time one of the stations of the
Uoman bginu.-, and was sueeessively a pny to the fioths
and the Hiiiis, until, in 71)1, Charlemagne united il to Iho
euipiri' of the Erancs.
Under the dinninion of the margraves and dukes tho
city was gradually enlarged anil fortified. Dnke Kini.'lpli
IV. f'oimiled the I'niversity, wbieli fiair ernliiries .iller-
waids Maria Theresa rai.scil lo sueli iniporlance. In
l.b"'4 the Ilmigarians became tmist rs of \ iennn, where
their king, .Malbias, rstublisin d hi: e(n:rl. Ma.ximilian
having been r'liivcd there as archduke, Vienna becanio
the residence ot'tlic house of Austria. In \^>:i'J il was nii-
sneeesslully lu-siegcd bv the Tuiks; but in l.'iS.'i the \'i/ir
Kara ^Instaplia would have nudonbtedly lieeome nuisler
of it, had nut Jubn Sobieski, with his I'oles, inarched lo
the aid of Leo)..ild. From that time, during the sueees-
sive reigns of Joseph I., Charles IV., INIariu Theresa, .lo-
sepb 'I., Leojiold II., and the present emperor, publin
liiiildiiigs and useful institutions have nuiltipliid beyond
caleulalion. Ill 17:iT \'ienna was tlireati ned with siegu
by the French; but the ilangir was averted by the treaty
of Leidien. 'I'hc French, however, beeanie masters of'
the place in 1.S(I3; and again in ISDi), af\er the victory
gained by NaiKileon over Areliduke Charles. Since that
limo tho Anslrians, convinced of the iiniKissibilily of
etrectnally dt'f'ending a city commanded mi all side,>,
have cmivcrted its ramparts to more tr.inqi.il and agree-
able Uses Ihuii those for which tluy were originally des-
liiied,
Tho streets of Vienna ore ns narrow as those in tliu
towns of Italy; ' 111 the h.vises of many persons of rank
are magnificent, and not inferior to the palaees of Fhi.
leme. Vienna is in liiel quite milike the rest of (Jer-
maiiy, except in a few nhl buihlings, wliieh recall rceol.
lections of'tlie middle ages. l)f llicse, the most reiiiarkablo
is llie Tower ol St. Slepben, wliieh majestically rears its
head above a'l tbo other rbiiri lies of the city. It waH
commenced iu the year ll44, by Margravo Ilcnry I',
and it is said that its completion occupied two centuries.
This veiierahic strncture is in some measure conneclcj
with the history «( .\ustria. The tomb of rriiire Eiigeno
is erected In the elinpel of the Holy Cross, wliieh foniiH
part of St. Stephen's Tower.
Vienna contains some good squares. On the (iralieii
is erected a nionuim tit in eomiiiemoration of the ns.sa.
lion of the plague, which ravaged the city in Uiili and
St. Joseph's S'piare is adorned v illi nn eqnestri in sinluo
of the pliiliisiipbic piiiiee whose name il bears, ami whoso
iiieinory will live eternally in the hearts of bis vubjeets.
There are, besides, iiniiiy n tiinrkaWe nioniiinents of an-
tiquity iiiid art, which I will note in eomieetlon with tlin
eireuiiistanecH I am nlioni to di'seiibe.
A friend of mine had resided fiir some years at Vienna;
and on mv arrival ul his niagiiifieeiit residence, llie Jie.
gir7.eil, 1 Ibiiiid all the cimi/mi wliich he had brinighl
from his native country in rcalily as well as in imiiie.
Afler giving vent to the first i tVuhions of iVn ndsliip, u
tiavclkr (uiik.^F, indeed, he bo uiie of llic iiKinmUvc nfo-
''Vji-:
'iW: '■(
Ivii:'.*:^
, .'I,''
mm:
178
JOURNAL OF A NOBLEMAN
m
..?;v
I ;
I *
cics inentioncd by Stcrno) will nlwnys be impatirnt to
enjoy a night's rest. I accordingly betook inysell'to bctl
as early as I conlii, full of the joyful anticipation of be-
coming a s|K.'Ctalor in a scene to which history presented
no parallel.
As I shall in the next chapter introduce my relative,
the Prince de Lignc, I will here give tlie reader a slight
sketch of his history.
Charles Joseph, Prince do Lignc, who was born at
Brussels in 1735, was descended from a family celebrated
in the history of the Netherlands for several centuries.
He entered the army in 1752, and made liis first cam-
paign in 1757. In 1758 he wis engaged at the victory
of lloehkirehcn, and gained liis rank of colonel on the
field of battle. He was made a major-general at the core-
nation of Joseph IL, and he liad the honour to accom-
pany that sovereign on his interview with Frcderici' II.
in 1776. In the following year he was promoted to the
rank of lieutenant-general. On the conclusion of peace
he returned to France. His amiable character and cliival-
rous manners rendered him a great I'avourite at Versailles,
where ho had already made a distinguished figure in
175.1. Queen Mario Antoinette received him with mark-
ed condescension. At Versailles he became acquainted
with the Marchioness de Coigny, to whom he addressed,
from the banks of the Boristlienes, the most remarkable
I>ortion of his correspondence. When ho was sent to
Russia, in 17^3, his talent and fine person distinguished
him among the courtiers of the Empress Catharine. She
made him a field-marshal, and permitted him to accom-
pany her on her journey to the Crimea. Joseph II. hav-
ing eoullrred u|ion him the rank of general of artillery,
he joined Prince Potcmkin, who was then besieging (_).,..„-
kow. In the folliiwing year ho took the command of a
corps of the Austrian army, and shared with Laudon the
glory of taking Belgrade. This was the close of his mili-
tiry career. The revolution of the Netherlands deprived
him of hi^ properly; a misfortune which lie bore with
mo.t philosophic fortitude. The Kmi)cror Fran'is made
him a captain of the Trabans in lf<07, and a marslial in
1808, and he always presided at the eoimeil of the order
of Maria Theresa. In tlie latter part of his life he de-
voted hiniself entirely to literary occupation. Dis col-
lected works arc published in thirty volumes. ]\l.iny of
them have attained considerable celebrity, particilarly
those in which he describes the events of which hi! was
a witness, and the distinguished individuals he intinialely
knew.
My grand-uncle, the Marquis de C * * *, having mar-
ried a Princess de Lignc, I have the honour of In ing
allied to that Illustrious family. Whfu I first went to
Vienna, in 1807, the prince received me as a relative, and
introduced luc at court and every where as his cousin.
At subsequent periods when I visited Vienna, he invariii-
bly treated me with parental kindness. 1 always listened
to him with deep interi'st when ho conversed about (he
good old time, of which he had seen so much, and In'
took pleasure in storing my mind with his excellent ad
vice, and the fruits of his long experience.
CHAPTER n.
Lcr 1 (fl<iihrrvlo— e*o,;nj ,lot 'l!ir> — Eiijrrnc nr.Tnhnrnnis— rmptToi
Ali'n:in.lt'i— King nf Prii!*;*!.'!— Knipurnr nf All^r^tn— Klni£ m Ra-
van-"— Kniii "f DiMitnark — Kin;t of WiriFniburii—Criiicc Umv.iI
(It" U'iiiuinlitiri!,:oul til" Durclirsa nf (Xiliiihuiy— Pnnco Royal (if
Bii\iiria, nuil Ins bn.iIiLM- rriiicc CtmrlfH.
Ilr. Johnson somewhere says, in allusion to the great
wall of Cliina, that tl e grandson of a man who has seen
it has Si lint! reason to I)e proud nf the circumstance.
Thi", I think, is an exaggeration no less oriental than
the object to which u rel'ers; and the remark might, per.
haps, with more justice be applied to great men and
memorable cviiits. For mj- own [urt, I miisl ronfess 1
am proud of having been at Ihi Congress of Vienna; tor
though I lia<l nut the honour of being acquainted with
uU tlio illustrious individuals who aRsisted at that mepio-
rable asseml)lage, yit,ifn recollection of their persons
prompts to an imitation of their characters and conduct,
It cannot lie a matter of inditlercneo even to havo seen
them.
The day after my arrival I went to pay my rpi<|)ecls
to the Prince de Lignc, who readily condescended to be
my guide and instruetpr,whenever circumstances brought
me near him. I was of course delighteil at thi^ oppor-
tunity of being aided by his intelligence in observing the
interesting picture I was now about to ImIioIiI ; and I
WHS theietlire th'' more sensible to the friendly reception
I e)[(w>rieiu'( il t'rom him. — " Von have come just at the
right moment," said he. " All Europe is here; and if
you «rc fond of fetes and balls, you will liuve enough of
tlicm, 1 promise you ; for dar'cing is the chief business
at the congress. There is absolutely a royal mob here.
Every one is exclaiming yifice/^HS/ic-".' eijuilibri um ! in-
ilcmnily! Who is to clear the chaos and stem the torrent
of pretension, I know no'. As for me, I am a quiet
looker-on. At any rate, all the indemnity I shall ask for
is a new hat: for I have \vorn one out in bowing to the
sovereigns, whom I mc( t at the corner of every street.
But in spite of Robinson Crnsoc," — thus the Prince de
Mgnc nicknamed Napolion, in allusion to his abode at
the Isle of Elba — " a general peace will be concluded by
the representatives of the nations of Europe, who now
unanimously exclaim redniit aima luiitv."
While he was questioning me aliout Paris, my family,
iiiy journey, and my projects, a servant came in to in-
form him tli.it his carriage was ready. " Come and dine
with me to-morrow," said )io, " and in the evening we
will go to the Ridotto, where reason wears the mask of
folly. I w ill show you all the curiosities of the great
figured tapestry. You will sec many people you have
known in other places, and jou will be convinced that if
Austria has ever been conquered, it is not in hospitality."
'I'hc prince kept up the old fashioned practice of dining
early, and I accordingly arrived at his residence, on the
ramparts, nbont four o'clock. We were soon summoned
to dinner, at which all the prince's family assembled.
The repast, like the suppers of the celebrated Madame
Scarron,* certainly required the seasoning of interesting
conversation. His highness himself did full honour to
the light dishes that were served; yet he so completely
[lossesscd the art of engaging the minds of his guests,
that it W'as not until they rose from table that they be-
-inie fully sensible of the tpiritiiahle of the entertain-
ment.
On our return to the drawing-room we found some
visiters assembled. They were almost all persons of dis-
tinction from difierent parts of Euro[)e, who, being in
Vienna, sought an introduction to the liying monument
of the past age, were it only for the sake of saying, " I
have seen the Prince de I;ignc." They listened with
great interest to his anecdotes and bon nwls, with which,
no doubt, they afterwards enlivened other saloons. iSome,
who pretended to place lliemselves on a level with him,
annoyed him with trifling questions and insipid remarks.
Of this class of people he used to say, "There is no
greater proof of mediocrity of mind than that whisper-
ing of secrets, and grave discussion of trifles which takes
place in the embrasures of wiuilows, where newspaper
stori('s are repeated, and declared to be private intelli-
gence. How unfortunate it is to come in contact with
people whose conversation is like a picture wanting
breadth I"
Fhe prince having made his escape from one of these
dull groups, stepped up to his gr.i.alson, the Count de
Clary, with whom I was at that moment speaking: " I
reeolleet,"snid he, "once writing a li tier to jean Jacques
Rousseau, which I coinmeneed with the.M' words : ' As I
know you dislike both imporluners and iinportiinily,'
\e. ThercMire some persons here to whom one might
very aptly address such ii hint; but they are so dull that
they would not take it. Suppose we escape to society
more congenial to our taste. Follow me; I will show- you
how to take leave ii la Franrnim'," So saying, tliis ex-
traordinary man, though thin in his ciglitielli year, trip-
ped out of the room as liglillv as a page; and when
eated in his carriage, langlinl heartily at the boyish
trick he hail played, nnil the disappointment that would
be experieiircd liy some fifth*' hrntix pnrlnirn when they
liiriied rouml to see whether he was listening to them.
Aboul nine o'clock we reached the imperial palace,
called the Uinij, where the Ridotto balls are held. The
large room, which was splendidly lighted, was encirileil
by a gallery leading to the supper rooms. Round the
prineipal room was seated an elegant assemblage of la.
(lies, some in dominos, and some in fancy dresses, while
bands of music, stationed at certain distaneis round the
circle, alternately performed walt/.es and Polonaises. In
the adjoining moms some of tlu' company, who were
lancing miimcts with true Oerninn gravity, formed by
no means the least eomical pnrt of the picture.
Vienna, as the prince had truly observed, now presented
un epitome of Eurnpc, ami III.' Ridoito niighi be said to
be an epitome of Vienna. It is impossible to eon*'eive
liny thing niore singular than this multitude, partly
* ^laitnine ill' iM.Tintriinii, t* hrii tlip \\ iTpni Ht-nrron tlie )Kip|.wnii
lli-riii<lti|ii<'il tn L'lM- j.ii|))i('r^ 'wiiT a \\fv\n nt tier tlnlini' ill tlli' Pint
llevni. tn nil ilic ft^fiM I fKjintn of ilieMine. Hrniron'* rirriiinstnnrt h
'liil mil iilfnol lirr the niennR of prnviillnn very lilM'inty fur ilie imi.
tfTtalnniciu uf lM>r iiiirstM, mid ulii-ii itic tmniiiifi liii|i|K'ii('d lo lir
iiirrc fi-nniv thnii iiMnl, tirr mrvnni wi.ulil wIiI^|mt In liri far,
" r.iicare iiHc histvirr, ^ailawe, U i utt hum* mnii^iic.*'
masked and partly unmasked, amidst which the rulers
of mankind were seen, mingling in the crowd without
any sort of distinction. " Observe," said the prince
" that graceful and martial figure who is walking with
Eugene Bcanharnais: that is the Emperor Alexander.
Yonder tall dignified looking man, on whose arm a fair
Neapolitan is playfiilly hanging, is no less a personam
than the King of Prussia. The lively mask, who scenis
to put his majesty's gravity somewhat to the test, is per.
haps an empress, or iierhajis a griaetle. Beneath tlist
Venitian habit, which but ill disguises the amiable ajl'a.
bility of the crowned Amphitryon, you sec our emperor,
the representative of the most paternal despotism that ever
existed. Hnrc is Maximilian, king of Bavaria, in whose
o|K'n countenance you may read the expression of his ex.
cellcr* heart. On the throne he docs not forget his tor.
mer rank of colonel in the French service, and he enter.
tains for his subjects the same paternal ait'cction which
he once cherished for each private of his regiment. E?.
side him you sec a little pale man, willi an aquiline nose
and fair hair: that is the Kingof Denmark, whose cheer
till manners and happy repartees enliven the royal par.
lies. He is called the Lttalift (or merry fellow) of the
sovereign brigade. Judging from the simplicity of his
manners, and the perfect happiness which his little king.
dom enjoys, one would never imagine him to be the most
absolute monarch in Europe. Such, nevertheless, is il,c
fact; and in Denmark the royal carriage is preceded hv
an equerry armed with a loaded carabine, and the kinj,
as he drives along, may, if ho choose, order any of his
subjects to be shot. That colossal figure, whose bulk is
not diminished by the ample folds ot his domino, is the
King of Wirlembnrg. Near him stands his son, the prlnco
royal, wliose attachment to Catherine, grand-dutchcss of
Oldenburg, detains him at the congress, where he shows
himself more anxious to please the lady of his heart than
intent on the arrangement of interests wh;.?!! will one dav
be his own. Those two young men wiio have just passed
us, arc the prince royal of Bavaria, and his brolhci Prinro
Charles. The head of the latter may vie with that ni'M
Antinous; and the taste of the other for literature ami
the fine arts, which he cultivates with success, promises
to Bavaria an illustrious reign. This crowd of people, ss
various in dress as in appearance, who are buzzing about
in every direction, are cither reigning princes, archdukes,
or dignitaries of diff'erent countries. With the exception
of a (kw Englishmen, who are easily distinguishable liy
the richness of their dresses, I do not perceive a siiiji'
individual who h.as not a title tacked to his name. But
now I think I have suflicicnlly introduced you, so vo'a
may go and work your own way; always recolleriin;
that in any ease of dilliculty I am at hand to pilot you."
The Prince de Lignc now left me, and as I saniitfred
through the rooms, I met numbers of persons with wlinni
I had been acquainted in diflcrent parts of the world, Ironi
Naples tn St. Petersburg, and from Stockholm to Con-
stanlinople. I fell, as if for the first lime, all the faseini.
lion of a masked ball. The music, the general inrngnitn,
the intrigues which it was c ilciilated to favour, the unre-
strained gaiety, and the whole combination of cnrhanl-
ments, had well nigh turned my head. I soon loiuid
myself amidst a group of friends, among whom nro
Zibini, Rouen, Bulgari, Borcl, Cariali, and Rcchherr.
We agreed to sup togethi r, in order to make nrrnii^f-
ments for meeting each other every day during nnr sl.iv
in Vienna. My English friend Mr. Gritliths, who had
iM'cn long srari'hing for me in the crowd, joined iis. He
was also aeei)m|ianied by several friends; and after aniii".
ing ourselves for an hour or two,a party of about twi nit
of us sat down t i conclude the evening with a good .sup-
|H'r.
" How came you here ? where have you been ? wlul
have you been doing since last we met ?" — were the que!-
lions which iilleagi rly addressed to me; and I waseiiuallt
impatient to question my interrogators on what eoneerncd
them. One who had been only a lieutenant when 1 last
saw him was now a general; another who had liein al
tachi d to an embassy was now himself an nmlmFsailw
Most of them were adorned with the decorations llifT
had won by their eonrnge ami talents; and amidst III
eflirMMi nee of gaiety and champagne, some of tlieni he
gan In ri late |||, ir udveiilures. From what till trem
lliem, I eoiild r:\u\y perceive that they had all ilrawu i
prize (Voiii (he wheel of I'ortune. firiffiths and I bein;
anxious to hear their curious histories a( a more rnnvr.
nient time and place, engaged them all, in turn,(n visit
(he .In-ger/eil. As Nadire dispi iisi s her flowers fH
spring, i( would seem that Fortune hives to lie.sdnv lift
(iuoiirs on youth ; for (he oldest of my friendi was not
yet (hirty. "
/.ibiiii, about whom 1 fell most curiosity, wos ent'.ifi'
i
i
i
to lireakfi.st \\
(Ire-sing, [ sai
imifnrni ol' III
ivilli its gay e<
illy became lii.'
Irmn a journey
; he (n tbilmv tin
I to join the I
' lo the time nf n
, een months hu
entered the arm
de-canip to ficn
eral orders.
prise' and satisfi
': .ini nut yet tiven
.;, (ieterniines to u
steady breeze, ar
even to the mcri
; reterslnirg, I ft
ivnnid lead neitli
(i'ri'd every clian
virc, iincomrnissi
, In Ailjiitant-gcnc
al the opening ot
am indebted to m
, ilcMt, Zibini," obsc
St. (Jeorge which
. Itiissia, I iinow is
■ highest merit." —
Iroin the hands i
billle, it is ncverl
I'ori'serii bailees t
hear how I got it.
'Zihini, take fifty
try; ilie cni'niy is
Hr,i;rglcrs.' I iii(„
men, |irocecded alo
fion iii'Tely as a n
'le;i',"ie trom tlie ea.
iiMo nil', said, 'Ca|
.,i lank eenecaled voi
ii: '|| 'r booty.'— '(;
•nii II. a few minnti
ciiulng his way thrr
tain I e.iptain ! it is
tehind .'lini.'
'w::
AT THE CONGRESS OF VIENNA.
li tho nilors
)\vi\ withoiit
the prince,
ralkinj; with
r Aloxiindcr.
c orin a fait
a porsotiagc
t, who Bccms
ic test, is ]KT.
IJcneath tint
ainiahle otTa-
our empotor,
ilism that ever
aria, in whose
ision of his ci.
forget his for.
, anil lie enter.
tlcelion wliich
■eginicnt. E^
n aquiline nose
k, whose clietr
the royal par.
r fellow) ol'tlif
niplicily of liis
1 his little kiiij;.
n to be the most
•crtheless, is the
c is preceded hy
[>, and the kinj,
)rder any of liii |
c, whose bidk i«
s domino, is the
lis son, (he prince
rrand-dntehcss of
I where he showi
'of lu8 heart lliau
■hich will one day
1 have just passid
his broihei Prinre
ic with that of the
for literature ami
success, promises
rowd of people, i'
1 arc bu27.ing about
irincos, arehdiikis,
Villi the exception
distinguishable by
jwrceive a siii'jl'
y his name. But
lueed you, so you
Iways rceoUic'in:
land to pilot yon"
id as T sauntereJ
-rsons with wlirav
of the world, from
ItocUholm to ("on-
.c, all the faseinv
rinrral inrn;rniln,
'favour, the anre.
r.ilion of enrlwiil-
lul. 1 """" '"""'■'
Vong whom vf
and Ueehlieii-
I to make arraiito-
IV ilurnig
nnr slav
tilths,' who lud
He
I'y
Ld, joined w
's; and allir nniip.
of about twi Illy
vith a good sup-
yon been 1 wM
''—w'cre the <iae<.
nndl waseciHall'
on what eniicironl
nant when 1 W
vho had bitn »t'
llf an am'
ilmpsnilof'
decoration:
, some o
and nnial
f them !«■
vhat fi'll l'""»
had all <lriivvn i
ItTitiis and 1 1"'"'!
J at a more
ll, in turn
„iil, its env colour.^ and profusion of gold lace, admira-
1 .became his handsome little figure. On our return
Voin a journey to the Criiriea, we P"tcd at Tulczim,-
,, to follow the Countess Potocka to St. Petersburg, and
1 10 join the Oiike dc Richelieu at Odessa. Since then,
.„ tlu' time of my meeting him in Vienna, scarcely eight-
1 months had elapsed. When wc parted, he had not
iitcred the army ; he was now a lieutcnant-colonel, aide
Ac riinp to General O7..trowski, and decorated with scvc
,.r.il orders. " Yes," said Zibini, on my expressing sur.
,,r'i„. and satisfaction at his altered cireumstanecs, " f
an, not vet twcnty-three year.s of age ; but when tort unc
liolrrniines to wall us into port, she tills the sails with a
stcadv breeze, and is often quite inditferent to the iigc or
i.vcn 'to the merit of her favourite. On my arrival at St.
Potersbiirg, I found that lounging in drawing-rooms
ivould lead neither to fame nor fortune. The army of-
fered every clianee, and I accordingly entered tho scr-
vice uncommissioned, as a volunteer. My relationship
to Vliutanl-general Ozarowski procured me an cnsigncy
at the opening of the campaign, lor every thing else I
'ill, indebted to mere aeeident."— " Not exactly to acci-
,l,.|it,Zibini," observed I, " if 1 may judge ofthat cross of
' St. (Jeorge which you wear on your breast, and which, in
liiissiii, I knaw is only conferred as the reward of t!ie
liiTJiest merit."— "Though," replied he, " I received it
from the hands of the emperor himself on the field of
Inltle, il is nevertheless a convincing proof of those un
I'orcseeu hances to which I have just alluded. You shall
hear how 1 got it. My general said to mc one rnorning,
/Zibini, lake fifty eossacks and scour the adjacent couii-
.Irv; the enemy is retreating, and you will pick up a few
fini'^'lers.' I luoimted my horse, and followed by my
iiuiMToeeeded along the high road, regarding the cxcur-
fion in'Tcly as a ma'ter of form. I was not more than a
.l(:i'"ic: t'rom the eainp, when one of the eossacks coming
iii,to mo, said, 'Captain, do you not jiorecivc something
[ark ee.ieealed vender among the reeds? It may be
,1. n f r booty.'— 'Go and see,' said I. Off he galloped,
tnii n. a few ininiites he was in the midst of the marsh,
ctiKiii!; his way through the reeds, and exclaiming: ' Cap-
tiial captain ! it is artillery which the enemy has left
ki'hiiid liin.'
" We lustened to the spot, where wc found buried in
Die mini sixteen pieces of cannon, which the enemy no
doiiht hi ped wouhl esca|>e our ob.servatioii. I ordered
mv I roup to dismount: the horses were harnessed to the
tarriagi's; and a lew hours after I left the camp I rc-
luDicd master of a whole park of artillery.
"The emperor was not far oft", and the generiU directed
liclociriy liim the intelligence myself; attributing to
Jif all the merit of a capture which wati entirely the
fork of chimee. Alexander having read the report,
iijlitcd from his horse, and taking my hand said, ' Cap-
in Zibini, I make you a major;' and unfastening his
ss nf Si. George, iie tied il to my Imtlon-holc. I\Iy
di' lucnt prosperity has been the natural consequence
lliis I'vi lit. I have reeiived other decorations; and
ll' liniiine had deterniined to overwlielmine with her
miily, I have won no li'ss than five hundred thou-
iiul rnnbles at play." I eougratulaled him on the ra-
I siuoession of good fiirtiine he had ex|K'rieueed, and
iriiii; breakfast he menlioneil some other eircunistances.
Inch, though not in themsilves interesting, icrved to
iiiliriii me in the opinion, that liunian destiny is oftener
I is generally supposed, the work of chance.
II is twelve o'clock," said Zibini, as he rose from ta-
, "and the pleasure of conversing with an old Iricnd
St not make me forget that a chapter of the order ol
liiorce is to be held to-day, and that the emperor al-
« arils gives a diniirr to I ho knights. As 1 am llie last
whom the ileeoratimi has been conferred, I have eer-
iiiiluiiis to perli>rm, the honour of which I cannot Core.
lor any eniisideratiou whnlever. Farewell," nddeil hi
ir^ivtiniy hasty departure ; bill I Iio|K' it is iinderstoiKl
it «e are to see each other every day as we did at Mos-
■ , alTnliziiu, and in the Crimea. We have only ex.
iii;eil the Iratirnily of arms for the traternily of'plea
they
;l5l 111"
to vi'it
her
ftoWlTS
to bestow
frieiuU wan
f\ilh the,«e words he lightly sprung across his horse,
was waiting for him in the lourt-yard, and set oil'
|o ^allnp, his elegant plume Moating in the air like a
kill'* tail.
vos eni
japil
'I'hi; CaiioiMss Kinski — Piiaci'
— 'I'lui I'linrii (111 LiRiie— Tho !'l"icc ile I.anil.iM— Lnum ilv
Will— Ut»ni|iiion ol'ihe Prater— Gtnerai ']'"'.!ciibiiiii.
I nolo down only my recollections: and it i.-i no part
of my plan to notice political events, which, however
interesting and important, are now too well known and
understood to require further detail. Resides, the right
develojienient of such matters belongs properly to the
province of history; and my aim is merely to paint a
lew cabinet pictures, wliosc chief merit will be their
accurate representation of reality.
As soon as Zibini left nie I went to pay a visit to the
Countess vou Fuchs, at her residence, tho Wall-zcil,
where I had left a circle of valued friends when I last
quitted Vienna. 'I'lio countess, as lovely and amiable
as ever, received me with as much kindness as in 1808.
1 now found her surrounded by a family of beautiful
children. She introduced mo to her sister, the Countess
von I'lotcnberg, wife of tho reigning count of that name.
Here, as at tho Ridotto, 1 was overwhelmed with ques-
tions. I had to relate my adventures in Russia, my
shipwreck in tho Black Sea, the danger I had incurred
during tho plague at Constantinople ; and in return 1
received short biographical accounts of some ol'niy ac-
quaintance, whom, 1 was happy to learn, tbrtune had
not neglected. Nostitz, Tctlenhorn, Wuliiioden, and
HesBC-lIomburg, were now lieutenants gei.aral ; IJorel,
Palhem,audOmteda,nere ministers; and others, though
less celebrated, had not been less favoured. "Your
ft lend, Mr. Griftith.s," said the countess, "is still in
Vienna. He is riveted hero by links which arc not
easily broken. Rut what has become of the young
Englishman, Mr. Sinclair, whose adventure with Rona-
parto excited so much interest in Vienna?'' "I have
not seen him," 1 replied, " since wo parted here ; but
Lady Davy, whom I met last year at the palace of the
Archbishop of Tarentiim in Naples, informed mo that
ho is now a mcinbcr of the English house of commons,
and a distinguished speaker on the opposition side."
Shortly lieforc the battle of Jena Mr. (icorgo Sinclair,
on his way to Vienna, was arrested by some rrench
scouts, and conveyed to the head quarters of the Ireneh
army. "Whence do you come/ and where arc you
goiiig ?" enquired Bonaparte, in that tone of voice
which usually preceded a senlence of death. " I have
come from the university of Jiiia," was the reply, "and
am pioceediiig to Vienna, where I shall find letters and
orders from my father." " And who is your (iitlier ?"
"Sir John Sinclair." "Sir John Sineliir? He who
writes on agriculture ?" " The same, sue." Napoleon
said something to General Duroc, and llieii continued
his interrogatory in a somewhat milder tone. .'Mr.
Sinclair, who was at this limo scarcely eighteen years
of age, joined to a prepossessing person n vast fund ol
inrormation on geography and history, and was well
acquainted with tho genealogy of all the sovereign
houses of Ccrmaiiy. Jlis acquirements nsloiiished
Honaparle; who, after conversing with liim (iir two
hours, tohl Uuroc to let him be escorted to (he ndvaneeil
[losts, and allowed to continue his juiirnoy. This un-
expected t'avour was the more Mattering to Air Sinclair,
inasmuch as he was indehled for it entirely to his own
iiinrit.
Our conversation was broken oft' hy the entrance of
the princesses of Courland and the Caiioness Kinski,
who were aecompaiiied by tioneral 'I'etlenhorn. I was
delighted at this aecidonlal opportunity of again meet-
ing the beautiful UulchesH de .Sagan, and the lively ami
intelligent e.moness. The cimvcrsatinn turned on the
congress, and the foreigners who had come to Vienna
to attend il, of whom some received praise, and others
censure.
The Prince of Hesse-Homburg and the young Count
Woina were announced ; and lliey brought intolligenee
of the prep'iralions Ihut wore making for a grand
earoiisiil, which was to lake place in the im|ierial mews,
and which they said would bo one of the finest spectacles
ever witiirssed. All the engravings and ilescriplioiis
of thu celobrHled carousals of the reigii of lioiiis XIV.
had been consulted, in order to give all possible trial to
tho onterlainnient. The CouiiIcbr Edmund Perigord.
(hclbro her marriage Princess of Courland,) who was
one of twcnty-liiur ladies appointed to preside at the
feln, observed that the dresses prepared for llio occasion
would surpass in magnifiecnec all <hat was reenrded ot
the liixui V of Hie ladies of the irourt of I ho ilriiiul Mo-
1 renllv believe," said she, "that we shnll
nnrqur,
wear all llie pearls and diamnndbof llim^jary, Rnliciu
" Next to the ladies," said the young Connl Woinn,
whose presence will of course tbrm the principal at-
traction, our superb horses will, 1 am sure, claim their
share of admiration. Some of them will show Iheir
paces, and walk minuets as grarefiilly as com I envaliers.^
While the count was describing the colours of the dil-
ferent quadrilles, and quoling some of the devices
adopted hy the champions, Tettoulmrn drew me aside,
observing, " We have a great deal to say lo each other,
and this is not llie [iroper place lo commence our com.
munications. Rut meet me at three o'clock in tho
grand alley of llie Prater, and wo will go and dine to-
gether at tho Angarton. There wo can converse with-
out iiiterruplion."
The princesses having departed, escorted by Tetten-
born, the Countess von Fuchs kindly invilod mc lo
spend my evenings at her house whenever I should nnl
ho otherwise engaged. After taking leave of her, I
hastened to call on the Prinee ric I.igiie, being anxious
to avail myself of every moment ho might bo jileased lo
devote to me.
It was rather late when 1 arrived, and 1 found Iho
prince just stcnping into his carriage, in company with
the Prince do Lambese, who was so eelehrnled in Uie
early pari of tho French revolution. They were going
to Schocnb.-un to see the ton of Napoleon, and invited
me to accompany llicm. This invilalion, lowevor, I
was obliged to decline, as I could not have returned in
time lo keep my appointment with Tetlenborn. " I
shall be there again to-morrow," said the I'riiieo do
Eigne, "and if you can go then I will announen you (o
.Madame de Monlesquiou; for you must know I per-
liirni, ad hnnnres, the duty of a grand chanibcrlain lo
the little duke, who was born a king." " At w hat hour
shall I wait upon you.'" I enquired. "At eleven,"'
said he. pressing my hand ; and we parted.
As 1 was returning home to order my horse I met
tho Court i!c Wilt, who turned and walked a short w.ay
with lo' I expressed my surprise at the prodigious
number of carriages which drove past us, alike in I'orm
and colour, some with two, and others with four horses,
and all adorned -itli the imperial arms. "The Em-
peror of Austria,' lid the count, "wishing that none
of the snveroigns, i ner.son.s of their suite, shnulu u.so
any carriages but Ins, has ordered three hundred lo bo
prepared all alike; and at every hour of the day and
night they are at tho .service '"ri'' illustrious visitors."
As we were erossin; • ' r. T nube, General
Ouwarofflook tin t ■■ '• I bade him
adieu, and soon aT ' ■ e Prater.
Numbers of coi -i,.,.. , >■ i 1 every do-
seriplion, horsemcii . .d animation
over one of the most cliarm ny , ,i' wliii li any city
can boast. No park or public proiiienado in I^uropo
picseiits such acoinbinaliMiof allraclions as the Prater,
rho nunioroHS collec-lioiises, to which the inhabitaiiU
of Vienna resort for rcjie".UQn after the labours of the
day, and the various aiuuscments, suited lo the taste of
every age, present the aspect of a perpetual fair,
held beneath tho shade of iH'aulil'iil |>hiiilations of
trees. Tho luxury of all the difi'erent states adjacent
to Austria seems collected in the wide alley of chestnut
ire.^ , which is continually crowded with splendid
e [uipagos, and equestrians mounted on jiorses olevery
Lreed, displaying their horsemanship with true Hun-
garian skill. In a modest looking phaeton the sovcrnigii
of these vast dominions drives his young and charming
c.inso'-t with as little ostentation as a humble trndes-
muii ; while a hired cabriolet unceremoniouslv whisks
past liim, and is in its turn outstripped by a Rohemian
magnal, or a Polish palatin driving lour-in-liand. Tlio
variety of objeels, the bustle and the gaiety which,
ihougli iiicrcHsed by the crowd of foreigners, was Blill
tempered by German gravity, presented allogellier an
inleresliiig and curious piciuie. It was a scene of
Teniers. in a landseapo orilnysdall, and beneath n, sky
.ifClaudc. At the extremity of the alley the majestic
waves of the Danube heighten the magical otreet of tlio
piitnre ; and when on a fine spring evening llie fumes ct
Turkish coH'uo |Hiiiclrate tinough the trees of the Eu't-
Haus, every sense is gratified, and one cannot help rc-
lleeling, thai while every thing cloys and wearies in
the circle of artificial enjoyments, iiaturo alone presents
eharms ever t'resli and iii)|a>rishable.
From a reverie of this sort I was roused hy the np-
pearaiico of my friend Tctlenhorn, who immedialely
UV'^^' ':ii^-''a
^ «•";.,.. 11,1 u,, ■•■+ %
• j»''.T«
'• W ■
'~S ' ■
, hi,,
< '■% '
',' -Vi'
♦ W ' ■■a
..-f> % ■ ■ I
X
-4i> ■
'%■
K
■<'' -
'A' •
I.,
t:
■^1 ■
inlrodiiced a virv dilVercnl train of ideas
' We must
180
JOirilNAT. OK A JVOBLEMAN
Hi---'
iniike tlui liLst of mir way to tlio Aujjarloii," saiil lie,
"■.vliLTu 1 liiivu orilurcU diiinor. It ia n ram lliiny; to
■;«l a {;oocl iliririnr I'loiii any ol' tlic Vienna rL'stullrutcll^^>i
litit I linin some lilllu intliiciico aiiioii<r tlicni, and Janii
lius prnniiscd nio to do liis best." Our repast was
indeed rcniurlialilc ior i]tintitily ratlier titan i|ualily-
However, wo had a food dessert; and wlien lliu tokay
was introduced 'I'ettcnborii commenced his story ns
follows ; —
" Since I last saw you the incidents of my lile have
nucceedcd eaeli otiicr no less rapidly than tlio events
which iravo rise to llicm. You know that I ncconi-
panied Prince Schwartzonherj; on his embassy to I'rance.
I was ill I'aris at tho time of the biilh of the younif
KinfT of Komc, and I was despatched as a courier lo
communicate the intoliigcnco to the Emperor of Aus-
tria." " I know it," observed I ; " and I recollect
Jmvin;j seen it staled in tho newspapers that you per-
Ibrmed Iho journey (a distance of three hundred and
twenty Icafjucs) in four days and and a half" " That
is easily accounted for," replied lie. "From Paris to
Strasburg I rode Prince Schwa rtzcubcrg's race-horses ;
and from tho Austrian frontier to Vienna, Prince Joseph
of Schwartzenborjf ordered relays to bo stationed for
■ny accommndation. I need not enter into any detail of
the gay life 1 led in Paris after my return. France was
then in the zenith of her prosperity and glory, and tho
Austrian embassy enjoyed the marked favour of the
court. Fetes succeeded each other with no less spirit
than they now do hero. Amidst the universal revelry,
I unfortunately neglected to balance my expenditure
with my receipts. My creditors became impatient,
und I soon Ibund that the only means of extricating
myself from embarrassment was to quit the scene of
temptation. From tho enchanting saloons of Pari,s I
withdrew lo the barracks of my regiment, then gar.
risoned at Baden ; and, in truth, if I had retired to a
convent of the Trappislcs, the Iransitiou could not have
been greater. I had been for some time in this sort of
expiatory quarantine, when the torch of war suddenly
blazed over tho whole continent of Euro|)e. 1 deter-
mined to take part in the general contliet, being heartily
tired of a lile so ultoily at variance with all my former
habits. At Uaden 1 was quartered with Uarun ,
whom I had known from my boyhood, and who was a
major in my regiment. Ho like myself perceived that
there was but little chance of rapid promotion In tho
Austrian .service. 'Baron,' said I lo him one day, 'we
liave now a good opportunity to try our fortune. Sup-
pose we enter the Uussian army as partisans. Tho
Fcrvice will not be hard ; we shall ho well paid, and in
all probability get rapidly advanced. Besides, I would
II thousand times rothor trust to fate than continue the
life I am leading here. I shall set olF. What say you ?
Will you go with me V It ofitii happens that one mo-
ment in tho course of life decides our future tlestiny.
The baron declined tho proposition, and I sat out
alone. Alas I he ofU'ii aHorwarda repented that he did
not uccoM)|)any me."
" No doubt," interrupted I, " when tho reports of
your success were spread abroad, regret and disappoint-
ment turned his brain. He lodged ut the inn at which
I put up at (jesth on my return from C'oiistanlinnplo,
and he blew out his brains in u chamlicr adjuining
mine." '-I deeply deplore his melancholy end," said
Teltenborn. "lie was a sincere friend and i\ brave
ollicer, and had he ibilowed my example, I doubt not
that Ibrtuno would have been as favourable to him as
to me. But we iimst lloat with the current if wo wish
to bo carried forward. On joining tho llussian army 1
received orders to raise a regiment of Hanoverians, I
Bjiecdily organised it : it was placed under my com-
mand ; and throe months aller my departure from Baden
1 was signing commissions fur a rank equal to that
which I had myself held in tho Austrian service, I
wa« soon made a iiiujor-geiioral, and you have probably
learned from tho newspaiiors that I was lucky enough to
capture Bonaparte's military chest. A |>ortion of its
Contents fell to my lot by way of reward.
"When Havoust evacuated Hamburg the command
of that place devolved on ine. I abolished many of the
severe rpgulalions which the French mnrshal thought it
necessary to inlroduec ; and the iiihabilnuts, in token of
their gratitude, presented mo with tha freedom of their
city in a splendid gold box.
" Glory and rewards now crowded thick upon me.
1 received the ileeoratioiis nfmost of the military orders
of kiiiglilliood ; and the allied soveieigiis, lo eiown the
Jibeiality tiny had oviiieed towards inn, liave bestowed
on mo the cstatta of two convents in Wosljihalia, tht|
revenues of which ainoinit to forty thousand llorins per
annum. This arciiinu'aliou of g(«id fortune has ol
lourso released mo from prcuniary dillicully, and my
creditors have not been the last to rejoice ut my suc-
cess. I am now a reibrnicd rake, and on tho point of
being man led. My inlemied briile is a lady to jvhom I
have long been ardently alloched; and though the
lUiioiicment of my roiiiiincc may ho somewhat abrupt,
it will not, I hope, on that account prove tho less
happy."
" 1 congratulaio you, my dear Tettenborn," said I
" and all who know you will, I am sure, heartily rejoice
at your happiness. When fortune smiles on men like
you, one can scarcely help regarding it as a favour con-
ferred on oneself."
We sat cl-.atting together in this manner, without
thinking how time llcw, and it was nine o'clock before
we reached the Carlcnthur theatre, which we had
agreed to visit that evening*. The porformance was
Haydn's oratorio of the creation. Tiie house was
splendidly lighted, and the boxes were hung with
magnificent draperies. Several of the boxes were set
aside for tho sovereigns, and tho rest were occupied by
the corps diploinaiiiiitc. As to the pit, it exhibited siieli
a blaze of decorations, that it might have been called a
pit of knights, as the pit of the Erfurt theatre was calked
a ))it of kings and princes. " It >nust not be inferred,"
said Tettenborn, "that all these cordon^< iro tho just
rewards of merit. Eminent distinctions 'ike the
pyramids, only to bo reached by two s beings,
reptiles and eagles."
Wc did not stay till the conclusion oi iiki oratorio,
though the performance exhibited all th.at perfection in
which instrmnental music is invariably executed at
Vienna. We concluded tho evening by supping with
the Countess von Fuchs, at whose house 1 found as-
sembled a circle of friends, who had not BufTered ab-
sence to obliterate me from their recollection.
[Count Las Cases, in his " Journal of the Life and
Conversations of Napoleon at St. Helena," recounts this
further mstance of the uncertainty of destiny : —
" Serruricr and the younger Hedouvillc, as Napoleon
informed him, while proceeding together to emigrate
into Spain, were encountered by a party of patrol.
Hedouville, by means of his youth and activity, escaped
over the frontier, and I bought himself lucky in being able
lo pass a miserable existence in Spain. Serruricr, coni-
pollod to lly back into the interior, and full of despair at
(he circumstance, bccamo alWwarda a marshal of
France."]
CHAPTER VI.
lioiDaiilic nnrnlolo of llii- I'rince dp l.i;:m' nnil the Kmiirrss
<'allMriiiu— Miiil. (li; Slufl— \ isil li* ^I'lluMiliriiii — llesi-riplion nl
iIh: caslli- unit L'anl' ns — 'I'lin I'^inpiesfl .Miiria Louisa — Mail.ilc
Mnmcsinii.iii — IV.ipDlron's sun, Ilie ymni'; prim e nf Piirin.T — lie-
si'iiitilaiire Iit-iwfeii tits luirnait and (hat uf Joseph II.— Is&hcy,
the paiiucr— Th<! ICiii;^ ut Wiileiidioig, &c.
When I called to keep my appointment with the
Prince dc Ligne I was inllirmcd that he had not yet
risen. I v.as shown into the library, which he had con-
verted into his bedchamber, and then! I found him, sitting
up ill bed and writing; for his active mind allowed not a
noinont to pass unoccupied. " You arc very exact,"
ibserved he, when he saw me enter; "and though you
cannot say, with I.oiiis XVIII., that puuctualil// i.i the
polilfiicss ii/kinsTS, yet I have always remarked that il
is a i|ualily which is always sure to please; therefore I
idvisc you never to lose sight of it. Allow mo only to
conclude this chapter, on one of the pictures of the day,
and I am at your service. I notu down my ideas just
;is they occur, lest they should escape me. Tho extra-
ordinary events now passing in the world seem to in-
spire me; and pcrliii|)s a thought may arise in my mind
which will bu useful or amusing to somebody, I am
more of an observer than an actor in the busy scene that
is passing around me, which I cannot heli) comparinn-
to an ant-hill disturlnd by a kick," He then resumed
his writing ; but in the course of a few minutes, having
oecasion to refer to a book, he said — " Have the goodness
to hand ino the vohiine on the tliird shelf.'' I did not
exa<.'tly see which Iwok he |)ointed to, and I hesitated
tijr a liniment. Thi^ priiieo immediately jumped out of
bed, and hohliiig by tho eorniei! of the bookcase, reached
the book himself, and then lay down again. Observing
that 1 was not a little astonished at this feat of agility, he
said, " I was always active, and my activity has ollen
bixm very useful to me. Of this I will tell you nii in-
tame. When I aeeompanied (^alherine the (ireat in
her journey to the Crimea, tho imperial yacht doubled
Uiu rarthciiun promontory, where, il is said, tho ttinplc
of Ipliigenia once stood. Wc were conversing about Iho
probability of this fact, when Catherine pointing to ilj,.
shore, said to me: — 'Prince, 1 give you the dispute il
ground.' I immediately jumped into the sea, willi mv
uniform on, and swam ashore to the promontory, froiii
whence, having landed, I exclaimed : ' May it iiltasc
your majesty, I take [lossession.' That rock has since
borne my name, and bi^en my property. So much for a
lidle agility !" While chatting in tins way, he drcssij
liiiiisclf, and when he put on his brilliant uniform of
colonel of the trabaiis, adorned with half a dozen cordons
he said, " If illusion would once again hold her niirrot
Iwfore me, how gladly would I exchange all this fmiry
for the plain uniform I wore when an ensign in my
father's ri^giment ! To be sure I was but sixteen when
1 first put it on ; and then I thought thirty a go<id old
age. But every thing changes with time ; and now, at
fourscore, I still think myself young. Illnaturcd iieoiJi,
indeed, do not scruple to say I am too young ; but at ,iii
events I take care to prove that I am young enoiigli.
Aller all, few lives have been happier than mine ; ju
smooth current has never been troubled by rcninrsi',
ambition, or envy. I have guided my bark as wiIIm
others have done ; and until I fairly step into Charoi i,
boat, I shall think myself young, in spite of those vim
(K'rsist in declaring I am old." All this was i-ttcr. : m
that tone of charming gaiety which characters 1 i|„
Prince dc Iiignc, and of which those who did nc! mm
him can form no idea.
As we were going out wo met a visiter, one of tliosc
pedantical [leoplc by whom he was frequently beset. Tip
prince |>olitcly got rid of him, and then turning to nu,
said, — " IIow I hate those men whose learning consisi.,
of words only ! They are a sort of walking dictionariis,
with nothing to recommend them but memory. Tin
world is the best book after all." We now set oft' lor
SchoDnbrun, in a carriage which appeared to be niarli
as old as its owner, though infinitely worse for (viji
than he.
The charm of tho prince's conversation was calciilalni
to shorten distance, as well as to supjily the deficicnci i
of a scanty dinner. Wo reached Schoenbrun long liil'we
I thought we were near our journey's end, for 1 lui!
been amused by a thousand pleasant anecdotes. Ti;.
prince described to me the enthusiasm which MihIjiih
do Stael excited when she visited Vienna in 1808. " lit.
mediately on her arrival," said he, " I went to pay iir.
respects to her ; and having enquired the cause ef In:
journey to Vienna — ' I am come,' she replied, 'to yhf.
my son at the engineer school (I'ecole Je genie.') 'Hi
has lioen at tho sc/ioo/o/'^eniug since his birth, madnim
observed I. This little compliment quite won her hear
md she afl'ected all the admiration for me which I nalh
and sincerely felt for her. If, when she asked Boimpaii
who was the greatest woman of the age, he had induli.".
her harmless vanity, and replied. ' You,' — instenii •■
ehurlishly saying she who had most children, I «i
venture to alTirm that we should not now be driving ;
the castle of Scha-nbrun for the object we have in liu
It cannot hu denied thai Corimie, and her (ieiii\i'
coterie, had no small share in Napoleon's fall." As
uttered tliese words, the carriage stopped at the ca.-;
lite.
As we passed through the court yards, which nro v
•edingly spacious, the prince |iointed out to me the ;?
where a young political fanatic attempted to assassins:
iVa|M)leon about the time of the battle of Wnjntl
" Though such a crime," said he, " can never be m
donable, yet one cannot but admire the cool cuuid
with which that young man met death."
We soon reached the grand staircase of the palid
which is beautifully constructed. In the vestibule "I
were met by a French servant, still wearing the liv<
of Napoleon, lie knew the Prince de Ligne, nnil nj
ncdiatcly went to announce him to Madame dc Mi
tesquiou. "We shall not have to wait long," said
prince ; " for, as I have already told you, I am a wit
Count de Segur nt Schoenbrun," [The Count dc Sep
was grand master of tho ceremonies at the court of
Tuilerics.] Mndame dc Montesquiou soon mnde
appearance, and politely a[iologiBed for not Ih iiif; nW'
admit ns at that moment. Young Na|iolcon, she
was silling to Isabey for a portrait, which was iiilini'
for the empress, his mother; and she knew that liif
|iearanec of the Prince de I,igne, of whom be «a!i«|
ticiilarly fond, would imincdiatcly unsettle him. "''
ynu, therefore," added she, " have the goodness to Ui'l
Inrn Ihroiigh the gardens, and I will get ti.e sitliniC]
Miiiii iLs I eun?" " Alost willingly," re|i|.ed the I'w
(le I.igiie, " for I wi«h to go over the caslic ami C"
with my young relation, whom I have tlic lioouu
• "Oiitlio |(
■lii'lls nire lirei
lliirin l.miisa »
clrcuiiHiaiice wi
N"l, niul ihi:
»|i''ri« 111' r,,riuii
liiiii.l* whi.'h Ih
"OH 11 oil hor hi'
>^ '
jiivcrsiiifT nbciil iKo
iiic poiiiliiijt to llii-
• you tlic (lispulKl
tlic sea, with my
promoiilory, frojii
d : ' May it please
riiat rock lias since
rty. So iiiucli for a
Jus way, he (IrcshLiI
brilliant uniform of
lalf a dozen cordons,
ain hold her niirroi
aiigc all this fimry
1 an ensign in my
IS but sixteen wlirii
lit thirty a good old
1 time ; and now, at
;. lllnatnred (icoijIi,
00 young ; but at a i
am young enotipli,
pier than mine ; iia
roublcd by reinoiH',
my bark as wcIIh
ly step into <Jliaroi '»
ri spite of tliose wiw
1 this was lUtcr. : la
ch character'- -i il,i
io who did net know
visiter, one of iIiom;
Voqucntly beset. Tl*
then turning to nii,
osc learning consist*
walking dictionarii-,
1 but memory, 'lln
Wc now set oft" liir
ppeared to be nearly
itely worse for \\u:
rsationwas cnlciilalid
lupply the deficienci !
chcenbrun long luloie
rney's end, for I IbiI
sant anecdote!!. Tii;
siasm which Jladaiiu
^ienna in 1808. " lit-
, " I went to pay my
lircd the cause of U:
she replied, ' to |il.i"
cole de genie.') 'H:
icc his birth, madmm
t quite won her licar
for me which I rta::.
^n she asked Hoiiapari
10 ago, he had iiidul;
1. ' Von,' — inste.aii
most children, I «-
not now be driving'
bjcct wc have in mi'
le, and her (iinm-
[loleon's fall." As
stopped at tlicci.-;
AT TIIR CONOJIKS.S OF VinNN.i.
ini
•t yarils, whieli arc
ited out to iiic the m
templed to assassiiiK
battle of Wngrait
^, " can never be |«!
uirc the cool courffl
rteaUi."
taircase of the pa!
. In the vestibule
till wearing tlieliv
ncc de Lignc, nmlii
I to Madame (lcM(
_lo wait long," saidll
old you, 1 am a »''
[The Count dc Sff
lies at the court ot
iquiou soon made
(I for not In ins iiW'
ig Naimlcon, si"' *
it, which was inli»"
she knew that UK 1
of whom he »ii!I»|
• unsettle him. "*'
! the goodness to w-
ill gel ti.esiltint"
ly," rr^pl M ll"' I''"
liic caslioaiidirri''"
I have llic liuo*'
present to you, madam, lie, like many others, is ol
CO ir.-ifi curious to examine the residen-e of your intcr-
CKling pupil." " As this gentleman is introduced by you,
sir," said Madame dc Montcsquiou, " I shall at all times
be happy to receive him. Whenever you have seen all
you wish, you may come in, without the ceremony of
lieing announced."
" Itwould have been well if I had w»U ;•(; Jl.n' uio-omony
on my first visit here," observed the oince, a loon as
Mndainc de Mon' 'luiou had '.ll (ii; "for wiien the
child was informoa that the HiinA.jl Prince do Ligne
had come to sec him, he cxclaiinil, 'Is he one of the
iiiarslials who betrayed my papa 7 If he is he shall not
cnine in.' It was very dllHeult to convince hiin that
llnrc were other marshals besides French ones."
Having passed through a suite of spacious and elegantly
funnelled apartments, v^'hich, however, presented nothing
w
remarkable, wo entered a little eubiiiet, the walls ol
irly
which were adorned with drawings, executed by the
dilferent arcli-dutelicsses. " Here," said the prince,
" Xiipoleon, during his abode at Schajnbrun, used to re-
tire for several hours every day, to read and write. It
was ill tliis cabinet that he first saw the portrait of
Maria Louisa; and here ho no doubt first conceived
i!ic project of forming the union which had so great an
ii.lliicnce on his destiny."*
A staircase leads from this cabinet to the gardens,
tv^iich are very well laid out. One of the principal or-
naments is a beautiful pavilion, on the top of a litllc
eininencc. It was built by Maria Theresa, who gave it
the name of La Glorielte. Wc visited the hot-houses,
which are, perhaps, the finest in the world, and which
contain all the botanical treasures of the universe. " The
emperor," observed the Prince de Lignc, " wlio is par-
ticularly fond of the study of botany himself, cultivates
those rare plants." The menagerie, which wc next in-
spected, ia a. large circular space, in the centre of which
is a pavilion, forming the termination of the enclosures
occupied by the various animals. Each s|>ecieB has a
den and garden furnished with plants and trees analogous
to those of the animals' native climate. Ily this admi-
rable plan, tho animals enjoy a degree of freedom and
comfort highly favourable to their health. As we were
returning to the castle, tho gardener drew our attention
to a little enclosed plot of ground, " That," said he, " is
the Prince of Parma's garden. There he amuses hini-
Bclf in rearing flowers, which ho every morning forms
into bouquets for his mother and his nutman-quiou, as
he calls his governess."
We proceeded to the apartment ; '•'' Mr, -ai.io de Mon-
tesquiou, who received us with the most ludy-likc |)olitc-
ness. As soon as wc entered, tho young prmco jumped
from the chair in which ho was sitting, and ran to em-
brace the Prince do Ligno. Ho was certainly tho love-
liest child imaginable. His brilliant complexion, his
bright and intelligent eyes, his beautiful fair hair, falling
in large curls over his shoulders — ull rendered him an
admirable subject for the elegant pencil of Isabcy. He
was dressed in a hussar uuitbrm, and 'voro the star of
the Legion of Honour. On tho prince introducing me,
bearing in mind Rousseau's remark, tJiat nobody likes
to bo questioned, and least of all children, I contented
myself with stooping down to embrace him. He then
ran into a corner of the apartment in quest of a little
regiment of houlans made of v\'oo<l, which tho Archduke
Charles hod given him, and ho made them manieuvre,
while the marshal drew his sword and commanded tho
evolutions,
Madame do Montcsquiou, who, by her fondness for
her interesting charge, well justified Nafmleon's choice,
related several clever remarks made by tho child, which
were calculated to confirm tho idea that talent is here,
ditary. "A striking instance of his presence of mind,'
said she, " occurred yesterday, when Commodore ,
wlio accompanied tho emperor to Elba, cime to visit us,
'Are you not glad,' said I, presenting tho commodore,
' to seo this gentleman, who loft your pnpa only the
other day 7' ' O yes,' ho replied, ' I am very happy to
see him ; but,' laying his finger on his lip, ' I must not
say so.' ' Your papa,' said the commodore, taking him
in Ills arms, ' desired me to ombraco you.' Tho child,
who lia])|HMied to have a toy in his hand, throw it down
on the ground and broke it. Then bDrsting into tears
ho exclaimed,' Poor ppa !' Wliat v is passing in his
' " Oil tlie inth of May. ot nliin in the r .onlnjt, xnine linwitzfr
iIii'IIh wire liroil inlii tlic rliyof Vleiino. The young Anliiluli'licsH
ftlaria liouisa wan tlieti lyiiif; til In the palace. An Hftnti nt ihi.i
circuiiislaiiccwaa made k.iowa Ihu flrlnn win< ilireeieil on nnoilier
piiiiil, aiul tlifi palaro was resjierted. How caprit-ioua are ilie
KP')ri!4 of l'i>rlune! t^iul'l Marin Louisa liiive tnn-scen ilirt the
liiia.l)* ivlilrli ilii'ii innite V'ii^iiua tremble houIiI slinr ly place a
croHii oil liiT lieaiL-.l/rmciivaJ Jc St. HiUnc<
mind at that moment 7" ad<lod ."Madame de Montcsquiou.
Doubtless the same train of ideas which suggested the
rcsititancc he evinced when about to lie removed Irom the
ruilerics. He exclaimed that his father was lietrnyed,
and that he would not quit the palaci. He held by the
curtains and clung to the furniture, saying it was his
liither's house, and he would not leave it. I was obliged
to exert all my authority in order to get him away, and
I succeeded at last, only by promising to take him
back again."
Wc stopped up to Isabey, who had nearly finished
the portrait. The likeness was striking, and liie picture
imssesKcd nil the grace which characterises the works of
that distinguished artist. It was this same miniature
which Isalioy presented to Napoleon on his return from
villain Ii^l;"). "What particularly interests nie in this
portrait," ohservodthe I'riiicr de Ligne, "is its rrniarkabic
resemblance to that of Joscpli II. when a boy. I shouhl
like to compare it with thoportiail of .Tosopli, which was
presented to mo by Maria Tlicrcsn. Tliis similarity,
though merely a matter of aecidcnt, nevorlhilrss nftords
a happj' presage for the future." lie then paid some
well-merited compliments to the artist. " I have come Io
Vienna," said Isabcy, "in the hope of painting all the
celebrated personages who are here, and I ought to have
commenced with you." " Why certainly," replied the
prince, " in my rank of seniority." " .Not so," resumed
Isabey, " but as the model of all tliat is illustrious in tlie
present age."
'Iiic Empress Maria Louisa was now announced, and
we made our obeisance and withdrew, leaving Isabey,
who wished to show her the portrait.
" Ah !" said the prince, as we drove liomewards, " when
Napoleon received ut Sehccnbrun tho sulimission of the
city of Vienna, and when, after the memorable hiiltlc of
Wagrani, he reviewed his victorious troops in those vast
court yards, he little foresaw that in that very castle, the
son of the conqueror and the daughter of the conquered
would be kept as hostages by the sovereign whose desti
ny was then at his dis)iosal. How extraordinary is the
fall of that man ! But the otlier day, the title of king was
too humble for him. His ambition was like tliat of Alex-
ander when he wished to be Jupiter. In tho course of
my long life I have seen many remarkable instances of
good fortune and adversity, but none comparable with
that which now rivets the attenlion of the world. If the
reflections suggested by aU that we have seen and fell
were always present to our minds, how wise wo should
be V I could not help asking him how it happened that,
during so long a series of dilVerent wars, his military
talents and experience had not been called into active
exercise. " Ah !" rejilied ho with a sigh, " I died with
Joseph II." — " Rather say like him than with him, prince,
for Europe proclaims him immortal." — " His is tho im-
mortality ot genius ; but mine, if I bo doomed to any,
will bo liko that of tho »ybil, merely tiiu cnduranco of
age."
As wo were crossing tho glacis between tho suburbs
and tlio city, we saw a large open carriage occupied by
a gentleman of most voluminous bulk. " Stop," said th
prince, " let us nmko our obeisance. This is another
king, by the grace of God and Kobinsou Crusoe." It
wan Lis majesty tho king of Wjrtemburg.
CHAPTER V.
Parly (jlven by Princess llaRrnljon— Drawtiip of a lottery nfler tin
niaiiiier of Louis XIV. 'a cmiri— The t.'rnnd.dukt-l'oiislaiiiiiie-
Tlie Kniperor .Mexantler— Piiiicpsi Maria Kr^terliUTy — Ctnim
CniK) (llsiriii— PriiiceMsVV'olkonsky— Plincew^lIelell.l^?llwarotl'~
l'ltllP^! YpsllQuli — Prince de Li|;ne — (jeiiurut UuwarolT— Couiii
(Ic Win, kc.
Tho most agreeable of all illusions to some persons is the
ho|>0 of being an object of attention after they have ceased
to live. 'I'he wish to ixisscss this shadow of glory is not
unreasonable, and it frequently operates as a stimulus to
all that is great and honourable. It leads to Ijrilliant
aehievemcnts in war, to tho erection of great edifices, and
to tho production of works of imagination and science,
In the same manner the desire of attaining a rapid, and,
ns it were, s|iontaiieous advancement in tl. ,vorld, in-
spires those bold projeeti, which fortune is often pleased
to rrown with Biiccess. Chance not unfrequently ar-
ranges tilings for the best.
Iteing informed one morning that a gentleman wished
to siM'iik with me, I desired that he might bo shown up;
and a young man of pleasing exterior was ushered in.
I'rcseiiiing to mo a letter, ho said, " I bring this, sir,
from IMimsieiir Roy, with whom you dined some time
ago ut the house of M. de Kondy, the prefect of Lyons."
I reiiucstcd my visiter to sit down, and I broke open tho
letter, in wliieh, uller a few eimipliiiienl.s, the v.ritir sla-
ted that, hearing I wr.s at Vienna, he look the liberty of
requesting I would interest myself in behalf of the bear-
er, M. Ca.staing, with the view of procuring him a place.
"Judging from the date of this letter," said I, addressing
the young man, " it must he some time since you Icit
Lyons." — "I'did not take the most speedy mode of travel-
ling, sir, for I came all tho way on foot." — "Really! it
must have re(|uircd some courage to undertake such a
journey, es|ioeially for the purpose of bringing me a letter
from a jierson whom I never saw but once, and that about
a year ago. You certainly deserve to olitain what you
want: yet I am sorry to say I can give ynu but littlo
hope. If you had come to the ennL'iiss to claim a king-
dom, n province, or a good iiuieiiinily, you might have
some elianee of sneetss; but to g( t ii place for a Krrneli-
mun in the Au.slrian states is no such easy matter. There
are many olistacles in the way." — " I have served in tho
guard of honour, and am rapalile of filling the !::iliiation
of seerelary, or any otlier post eivil or iiiihtary." — " You
are exceedingly aceonimndatiiig. liiit let me have a tiw
days I., think about it, and 1 will see what I can do." —
He then gave me his address, and bade nic good morn-
ing, h'aviiig me strongly impressed witli the idea that ho
had pcrlbriiied his intrepid journey in vain.
I had a few friends to dine with me that day, and our
eonvcrsalion happc-ncd to turn on thosn sudden resolu-
tions by which the fate of a ini'».'s lilo is IVeiniently de-
cided. Of tills, (ienerals Tetlenborn,Zibini, Nostit/, and
various others, were (pioted as examples. " I know an
instance of headlong enterprise," said I, " not less re-
markable than any that have been mentioned; though I
doubt whether it will be attended by any successful re.
suit." I then related M. C'astaiiig's vi-;t to mc, his ecn.
nomical journey, and its object. t)ne of the party, Gv-
neral Count de Witt, having listened to the story with
some degree of interest, said, "Since this young man
lias serviil in the guard of honour, he can, of course, ride
on horseback. Send him to me to-morrow morning."
M. Cnslaing happened to please the general, and he inado
him his secictary. He euiiie to tell me ot his good t'or-
liine, and stayed to dine with me. 'J'hal same evening
he went to the theatre of Leopoldstadf, win re he was ar-
rested, (the police of Vienna being at that lime very strict
with regard to foreigners,) und thrown into prison. On
his examination next day, he relcrrcd to his new patron.
Count de Witt, who was in the suite of the KnqK'ror of
Russia; and the general bearing testimony in hi.s favour,
he was liberated. Unt for this ( ircumstance he would,
not being provided with a ]iassport, have been conducted
as a vagabond beyond the Austrian frontier,
Count de Witt, only son of the Couiitcs.q Potocka, by
her first husband. General Count de Witt, is a descendant
of the grand pensionary of Holland. His military career
has been no less rapid than brilliant. He became a eolo.
ncl at sixteen, and at eighteen obtained the command of
ono of the finest regiments in Europe (the empress's cui-
rassiers.) In the year 1,'^12, in the short space of six weeks-,
ho raised and equipped on his mother's estates four Cos-
sack regiments, winch ho presented to tho Einjieror
Alexander in tho Russian camjiaign. On the conclusion
of peace tho emperor created him o lieutenant-general,
and gave him the Bujicrintendcneo of the military colo-
nies in the south of Russia. Count do Wilt coinnianded
tho army of rcscrvo in tho campaign of 1828 against tliy
Turks, which concluded with tho taking of Vuriia.
I have since learnt from tho Abh^ do Chalcnton, tutor
to the Messieurs do Polignac, that M. Custaing having
accompanied tho Count do Witt to Russia, married at
Tulcjin a young lady of good family, who brought him ii
fortune of two thousand Dutch ducats per annum. 'J'lireo
years afterwards ho returned to Lyons in eomewliat bet-
ter stylo limn he left if,
I went with Count do Wilt, and tho oilier friends who
dined with mc, to an evening party given by the Prin.
cess Bagration, the wifoof tho field-marshal of that name.
Tho princess might be said In do the honours of rccep.
lion to her countrymen at Vienna. With a culiivateil
education she unites that nmiability of manner liir which
tho Russian ladies aro so remarkable. Her short sight
gives licran air of timidity and hesitation, which height-
ens, rather than diminishes, her beauty. Her counte-
nance is full of sweetness and sensibility; and when she
speaks on any subject that interests her, the smile that
plays on her lips discloses a matchless set of teeth. I did
not know her much ; but it is impossible to see her without
feeling convinced that the amiable qualities of )ier mind
are no way interior to the elmrnis of her [lerson. In all
that regards elegance of manner, she had at that timu
but few rivals in the drawing-rooms of St. Petersburg.
Among the company were several sovcrtign.i und a
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JOUItNAL OF A NOBI.KIMAIV
V ;Mrf' i' ■
'ji'i
Mf
iiiultiluJc ordi.-.liiimiislii'U liirciijiicrs. (Jiiu of thf cvcii-
iiij;'!i i,-iitirtaiiiiiirntsi'i)iisisli:d ol'tliu (Irawiiif; '•' ^i lottery
— the nvival ol" u I'lvouiilc iiiiiuhuiik'hI of tlic ffalUiil
court ol l.miis XIV., wlirro it is said l.i liavc bciu iiilro-
duciil lor .Mdllf. do la Valii.TC. Kacli of the sovuri.ijri"*
•cut to tUc I'riucL'j.s UaKruticni one or more prcsiiits,
which being drawn u« prizes by a few tbrtuimte (jcutlo-
■nan, were by lliciu prisjulid in token of their hoinuye to
tome of tlie ludietj of the eonii>aiiy . Tliesc lotteries were
much ill vojrue ul the Vicuna parties during; the congress.
At I'riiicess Higralioii's the Cjrand-dukeCJoustuutiuc won
two porcelain va.scs, which the King of Prussia had or-
dered fioui his muimfaetory ut Uerlin, and lie priscnled
thcin to liis fair liosliss. 'I'lie Kni|KTor Alexander's prize
was a box of mosaic work, wliieli lie begged the I'riii-
ccss .Maria Ksterhazy to uteept. fount t'aiio d'Istria
won u casket adorned with steel ornaments, which he
giive to I'rinoess Wolkonsky ; and various minor prizes
were drawn, all of wliicli were mutually sulisfuctory both
to givers and receivers.
The drawing roinn waa no crowded with company
that I did not iKTceive I'rinee Ypsilanti until he advanced
to receive a sable pilorine, which was his prizi' in the
lottery, and whieli he presented to I'riiKess Helena Su-
warnH". I speedily took an opportunity of paying my
devoirs to tliiin both; and we were all overjoyed at a
meeting which revived a thousand agreeable recollections
of St. Petersburg. Winn I had last Hceii Ypsilanti, five
years previously, he was only a cornet in the guards : he
was now a major-general, brilliantly decorated with or-
dcrii, but wanting an arm, which he lost at the battle of
Bjutzcn. As to Princess Helena, she was just as I had
left her ut .Si. Petersburg — well deserving the surname
oi fair and ifDoJ, by which lihe was distinguislied by all
who visited the house of her father, the grand chamber-
lain Nurishken, where slie olliciatcd as miutress.
The cuinpiny withdrew to an adjoining drawing-room,
to witness the performance uf a young French actress,
recently arrivid from Paris, niid who was patronise 'by
the Princes." Hagration. " \Vc have a great deal to talk
ovei," said Princess Helena; "sup|Kjse you both come
and breakfast with me to-morrow at twelve, and we can
then eonver;<c at leisure ; in the meanwhile, let us follow
the crowd." We accordingly entered the room in which
MiiIIU'. Lombard was loe.vliiliil.
'I'liis young l.idy, who was u pupil of Talma, recited
with cniiKider.ittle elVcet ^ome' passages IVom /aire-; and
she was particularly liiippy In tin. line scene of the dream
of .Vtliahe. Her pcrforiiianee coMsecpiently elicited cc;n.
■iderable approlutinn ; and 1 dare say few theatrical ill-
luliinirt ever h:id the hoiionr of nppiaring Ix'lbrc so dis-
liiigi.ished an iiudiriiee. .Madlle. Iioinlmrd has since
iM.iirled ('unit Trio, principal uf the baiiking-lioiise of
th;it n iiiic at \*i<mii:t.
Whin tlie sovereigns had retired, miMic and dancing
comnu'iiccil, athr which tlieie was ou i^egalrt supper.
I.i short, t!ie wliole c\eiiing, liki^ all those 1 s|>cnt at Vi-
enna, \v;:s an uninlrrrnpted scene of gaiety and plcusurr.
Next inornin;;, lieforc the hour of iny engagement
willi Princes< Hekiia, I went to call on the Prince de
I.igiie, whom I found, aucordinu; to custom, writing in
bed, with a little desk Ullirc Ttini, and surrounded by
r.iinparts of books. The conversation of the Prince de
I.igne was 111 irked by all tile i legunee of the old French
hclioii! of high life. No man eoubl till a slory more
grac'l'iilly ; nnd tiii^' happy endowment was eoinliineil
with ni'inners the most dignified and agreeable. Hut
hii striiiigest I'laiiii to adiniralion ajid res|K'el wiui the
tael.thil during his loni^ and advonliirnus liti', lie had pre-
rcrved uiiHliaken integrily of piineiplu and H|>otl"as hon-
our, " 1 have just received a letter, rniid I, " iVoni I'rinee
Shcri '.intntV, who infurins me thai liu is about to leave
Moscow on n visit to Viennn." — " 1 am sorry to hoar it,"
obiierved the Priiioi) de Lignr ; " he is a mnii whom I
highly rsteein ; but I cannot suy I wish to see him, since
his pr>'sciicc wilt r.'vive in luy mind a thousand |winful
rceolUetinus of a friend whose loss I vet deplore." " You
(if course allude to .M. de Saxe '" salil I. — " I do," lie re.
plied. ".Mas! that fatal duel deprived me of a valued
friend, nnd uinliiUcced all the plciuures I linJ enjoyrd at
TiFplitt. In figure >ud li'atures, S.ixc bore a reseinlilaiice
to his royal ancestor, wlUli' he inherited no ■mall share of
the courage and tmig/imj id' the gnat Marshal de Haxe.
Atler receiving hit deatli wunnd in the unfortunate diiul,
he placed 111' hand on his heart and exclniined, ' / nm
i/rnrf.' Then immediately lUIng nt hitadveraary, whom
he M-ry narrowly missed, he fell and expired. His death
may Is.' regarded as the history nf his Ulv. TIh< picture
can never Im* elFaccd iVnni my iiioinory ; though time has
had its otVeet in sogthmg tlio grief, which, however, the
light orsll(i(bato9° wiUnet fail to revive."
After ciiileavouriug to divert away this inelancholy
train of lotli clioii, 1 lotc to take iny leave, l()r it was now
near twelve o'clock. "Cull on ine to-morrow early,"
said he, "and we will go and dine togcthir at my Cilcri-
ette, on the KaieiiilK.rg." A hill near Vienna, wlierc the
Prince de Lignc'i summer residence waa situated.
PrinecBS Helena's breakfast was delightful. The_ talent
and amiable feeling which eliarnetcrlsed this distinguished
la;!y rcndtri'd herconversutieii peculiarly interesting, nnd
every Kinliiiient she uttered possessed the ehurm of
coming sincerely from the heart. Wo talked over the
news of St. i'etersbuig, and all that conceincd the mutual
friends wliom we had left in that part of the world: — the
hoiH'less, but still constant atlaclimciit of her brother Ia'ou
for the beautiful Maria Antonio Narishken — Wiclhor-
sky's seconil innrrig<> with Madile. de Byron — the bans
milts of Prince (ialilziii — the severity of the CJrand-duke
Constantine — and tlie humorous sullies of her father, the
grand chamberlain Narishken. One story succeeded
another so rapidly, that I almost fancied myself again on
the banks of the Neva.
Nc.U came Prince Ypsilanli's turn to speak ; and I ob.
served that he had lost none of that exalted enthusiasm for
which he was always remarkable from his early youth
He had recently lost his father, the hospodar ot Walla-
chia, who, after cfl'ecting his escape from the mutes of
the seraglio, sought an asylum with his family nt the
court of Alexander. Knjoyiiig all the respect due to his
birth and talents, he subsequenlly tixed his residence at
KiotT, where he died, bequeathing to tlic prince, his son,
the greater part of his immeiisc fortune. The young
prince was now crowned witli well-earned military glory,
and recent events had had the cfleet of stimulating his
natural enthusiasm. It was obvious I'rom all that fell
t'roin him tliat his hopes of future glory dwelt u|)on
(jreecc, whose subjugulion he deplored and longed to
avenge* I pcfccived that he was not a little encouiaged
in his ilrcains i,f liberty by Princess Helena, who, in
common w:<li most of tlie Itussion nobility, cherished a
lio|x' wliieli has been trunsinitled from generation to
gem ration as a philnnlliropic and pious inherilance.
"The period is at hand," said Ypsilanti. '• I am called
n|«iii from nil sides. I have leceived iiddrcsscs from the
isluiiils of the Archiiielago, lioiii the two principalities,
and from yi t liiglie. ipiarlers. Mine shall be the blood
llial is wanting to till up the measure." — " .-Vnd w liy de-
lay '" said the princess. "('<iuld you wish I'or higher
glory linn to Is', at lliiee nud twenty, the rigcnirulor of
all opiiresM d jMoplc ? The prcM'iit may lie called the
era ol yimtli, which now outstrips mature uge. 'J'liink
how Alexander wept at the tomb of Acliillcs, and re-
gretted, nt his uge, lin\ ing aeliicved nothing so gnat
there any thing eoniparnbic to the indtpeiidciice of
(ireeee .'"
I, in my turn, begnn to participate in the inspiration
and the words Allien. i, Sparta, Pericles, I .eoiiidas, anon
Iscanie the burden of our discoursi. As to Ypsilanti,
his co«nlciinn'"e was the presage of the emancipation of
his country. (Jrcece was on the |K)int of being lilK-rutcd,
— when, to our surprise, (JencrnlOuwarort" entered inex-
iM'ctcdlv, and without the formnlily of lieing nimouiiccd.
We ■ ■
of the congress, and we had many delightful days in Vi.
oiina at the end of October.
then turned to siibji'cts of a hss lofty kind; I'or,
tlioiigh possessing many excellent qualities, the worthy
aide-de-camp genernl wns by no meuiis renmrkahle
either for eoiiveinationul talent, or depth of inforiniitioii.
'i'lie geniral talked about tlk^ rcgiminLM wliieli Ihe
sovereigns had presented to each otli<r, and the hand-
some conipliiiKiils that were inUreliaiiged by their nii-
(Hruiing at reviews in the uiiit'orins of llicir uewiy
acqniri-d colonelcies. In short, OiiwurotT contrived to
substitute n lecture on inililary eipiipiiKiit !'ir our dithy-
rninbio on (ircek lilirrty. lie entered into n ininnU-
eom|iarison nf the fniings, shnkos, and buttons of the
liU'erenl corps, nml gave us n ronipleli' ilissertntinn on
the aceoutrcmeiits oflioth ninn nnd horse. 'J'liis sort ol
knnwlnlgc, which was < liiwarolT's forte, wns, at that time,
a great reeommeiidiilion in Ihe eye < f the cr.ar. I was by
no means sorry when he was intcrru|ited by the niinounee-
meiit that the prineesK** carriage wns ready, nnil it wns
|iro|>oscd tlint we nhmilil take n drive lotlir Prnti-r. There,
in ots'diener lo n custom liotrowed ft'om IliJv, ll"
higher I'lasses ill Ihi ir onrringes, nnil the (oiniunn |<<'o.
plo oo foot, repiiii every day nt the snme hour, Isid wen-
tlier Ix^iiig the only iiiti'rruption of Ibis recreation. No
such ini|)cdinieiil prevailed, however, during the tilting
* This isiiliiinlilnin'in. Ihe briiihit uf |i.-iiir|riii< V|»IIriiII, waa
iliMiiiM'il to 11 ini-'iioi-liMi) rale In |NtlliMii iiiur>>riiiiis oltcn con
Nliiiilrs rrliMi'. Vtwllnnii i>«)iltii('i| hu iiniiiri'iiMiriil rnlrrprlM liy a
liini rnntlnsineni in Ihe Uiinsroni uf Monlgnlz, whence ht; w-»
llh«ialr<t only in ille ni Vlrniia
CIIAPTKR VI.
A drive on llic rraici— l.iud Suwuiil-'riie rnqsn r .Mrinndi'r-
Itiiit'lh^s Ol uiitnitiiirt:— I'niire l-;ii|:riit* lli-ui<liuiiiiiife— rm.ic
ll(>)aliil WirUliiliuiij— tiir Bldiiey fnicil — Tin- I'nclH in WiJin
— M. i.uchwinl— I'rii.ci Ko;- Icy— <l/.uMiiri llie Kui-Mnn |k,ii
It is the business of the historian to record the inipnrl.
nnl events which change empires, laws, nnd govermneiits:
mine is the lighter task of tracing those familiar pictures
which are ture lo interest when tlicy bear a liiitliful re.
semblance to reality.
To an inhabitant of Vienna the Prater must posscM,
in a higli degree, the charm of reviving pleasing rccollcr.
tions. It must lie the mirror of the past nt every period
of lile, reflecting alike tlie diversions of childhood, lln.
pleasures of youth, and the dreams of early love. Wluic-
else shall we find, in a great capital, a place so ri>;li in
the beauties of wild and cultivated nature?
The majestic forest which extends to the banks of tin-
Danube is inhabited by deer, who, sportively bounding
from place to place, animate the delicious solituiie.
How delightful is the picture, when the whole impiilo-
tion of the city is seen assembled beneath the shade of die
magnificent trees, or pursuing their various amusemenla
on the grass, to which the Danube imparts constant fresh,
iiess and verdure !
If is a high treat to enter on a holiday one of the re-
doubts which border the grand alley of the Prater. No-
thing is more amusing than to see a minuet danced in
the style of ludicrous gravity, by a (cvi stately couples,
who, in spite of the interruptions they continually cx|h'.
ricncc from the surrounding bystanders, continue the
dance with the most inipcrturlmble solemnity, as flioii(;li
every step were a serious affair of conscience. The dull
monotonous minuet is ut len;2th succeeded by the aniniut.
cd and grnceful waltz, and the couples fre<|uently wlici-l
round for nn hour without stopping. At another pail uf
the Prater a sort of carousal in got up, nnd some worthy
eilizen, sealed on a wfsiden horse, adroitly ccrries ofl'llie
ring, without losing his equilibrium in the saddle. 'J'luii
there are abiindnnce of s« ings, which are a fuvonnle
nmuseincnt in all countries, imrtiea of itinerant actnni,
Ac.
Amidst this i otlry assemblage, a stranger cannot litlp
being struck with the obvious coniforl nnd prosp«-rity of
the |Mipiilation of Viennn. The families of the trades pen-
pie nnd artisans collecled round the fables testily nt once,
by the cxjicnse in which they indulge, their own indus-
try, nnd the light burdens im|mse(l on them by the go-
vernnient. No qunrrcling or uproar disturbs the tran-
quillity of the inultitudc. Scarcely n voice is heard, and
this silence is not the efl'eet of gloomy nielaneholy, hat
Ihe nsult of a happy physical tcm|K'rainent, which In
this country produces a drcnining of the senses, instead
of the nicnlnl wandering so common in the more northern
|mrts of (■erinuny.
t)n our arrival at the Prater we found an imnienn'
nnniln'r of |irrsons of distinction, some on horse back
nnd some in enrriiges. Ilesidesfhc nunibeisuf enrrioges,
which, ns I have licforo meiifioned, were provided for
the \\M' of the sovereigns and their suites, there wns n
throng of equipages Is'longiiig to Ihe dllTeri'nt foreigners
who lind come to Vienna (roni all parts of Kiirope. Lord
Sli-ward, the Knglish ambassador, drove four auiMrh
horses, which would hnv<' Ik'cii the ndniirntion of .\cw.
market. The Kiii|H-ror Alexander nnd his iiileresting
sister, the Dnlehess nf tMdenhiirg, were Inking llielr nir-
iiig in nil elegmit curricle: while Prince Kugeiie Hcnii-
Inirnnis on the one side, nnd tli« Prince lioyul of Wlr-
teinburg on the other, pnid their court to Ihe illustridus
|»ilr from very ditVen-nt motives. In a large linlinr,
richly einhln7.t)iMd with nrinorial Isnrings, npiienrcd .><lr
Kidniy Kinith. Next cnme the nilriltr of Ihe Pnelin of
Widin, cntnngli-d in n file of hackney -conches, and lil
lowed by Ihe enrringes of the arc; iukes, who, in all tin ii
nmnsements, adopted Ihe rank of private individuoln,
availing tlMinMlves n( tjie privileges of their illiistrienH
rnnk only In the l^llfihllenlnf their ihities.
The gny scene wns enlivened by a v riity of interesting
eostnmes, — Orienlnl, lliingnrinn nnd Pidisli; nnd, nhove
nil, the iM'coming cap w-orii by the wives nnd ibiiighter<
of the eilizens of Viennn, rcseinhling the Phryginn hi'sil
dn-ss, nnd ilispluying lo the grcntesi ndvanlnge the flilr
linir nnd prelly featunsof the wearers.
llaiiiU of music, paid by thu kee|K'rs of the dlfTercnl
cofl'e«'-hoiiscs, an- alntioned here and there, an that tlie
Prnter dnily pn-seiit»i the nB|Met of a trnnqiiil fi'stivnl,
where every one npia-ara intent on present cnjoymciil,
nud iVer tVoin all niixietv for the ftifur*.
AT THE CONGlllWS OP VIENNA.
in:i
Itl'ul (iu}'!t ill \'i.
ii|H n r AlnxniidiT-
I'UhllUIIHUh — l'ril.ic
Fl' I'llChH CM WlJiii
, tll(! ltM!>Mnn |Hltl.
cord tlir iinpnrt.
11(1 ffOVLTIIIIM'llls:
faiiiiliiir piiturca
2ur a luitlilul rc-
Icr niui't |inK!i( sn,
plcasiiijf rccollii'.
it nt every |)( ricd
Dl' childliouil, till
riy love. Wlitic
place KO ri':li in
c?
the bsiiiliB of tliu
rtively bouiidiiijr
18 Hulilu<i(',
lie whole popiila-
li tlie shade ol' llic
ions uinuBenu'iils
Ik conbtaiit frcHJi.
iiinuet duiiccd in
V stately couplin,
continually e.v|ic-
■rs, eontimie tlie
innity, an tliou),'li
nence. 'I'he dull
ed by the nniniDt-
frei|U<'iitly wliiil
Lt another pait or
ond some worthy
tly ecrrita ofl'llie
:he Huddle. 'I'licii
1 are B iiivoiirilr
' itinerant actnin,
infrcr euiuiol hi l|>
Diid proHiM'rity ot°
of the tradeBpio-
testily at uiiic,
their own Indus-
Kill hy the i;n.
ixturlii! the Iruii-
ice \» lieord , and
nielaneholy, hut
anient, which iu
flcnfen, insteiiil
le more northern
•ty of intrre»liiig
ilmlii nnd, nbnve
11 II nd dnii)rhter<
I'lirvKiiin hmd
Ivantiigr the fliir
(In Icaung tliu promenade, Ypsilaiili and I took leave
of llie pfin™""! mutually exprci>ein^ the pleasure we lelt
in nnuM ill); an acquaintanei; which had been interrupted
by live yearn' ncparalion. \Vc went to dine at the Lm-
prtit oj Austria tavern, wliich was the rendezvous of tlu^
foreigners wlio were not provided for by the court, or
who chose to decline its ceremonious hosjiitality.
We took our places ata table round which were olrcady
scaled twenty individuals of ditTerent natioiiK : liir, in
spile of the variety of interests, occupations, and ranks,
all the Ibreifners who met at Vienna associated freily
loKether. Accordingly, (reiierals, diplomatists, and tra-
vellers, were jumbled tofrether at this banquet. Some
were tlie li-gh olKcersnf despoiling monarehs, and others
the advocates of moiinrchs des|>oiled. The tiriit course of
our dinner was marked hy that silence which usually
prevails among a party of iicrsons who arc strangers to
each other, and a good band of music lor a tiino supplied
the place of conversation.
Next to me sat young Fiuchesini, who had been sent to
Vienna by tlictirand.diitchess of Tuscany to consult with
M. (Mdini respecting the claims of Madame Hacchioei in
the grand dutchy and the prinei|mlity of Lucca. I had
lornierly seen Luchcsini, when very young, nt his
niotlier's house in Paris ; but the great cFiangi^ that had
taken place in liis appearance, ns well as in his cireum-
■tanccs, might well excuse inc fur not immediately recol-
lecting him.
His father, the Marquis Liichesiiii, who was Prussian
aiiiliossador to NapoLon, enjoyed in Paris all the eon-
tidcralion due to his liigli reputation as n man of talent
and an able diplomatist. His son, to whom liu gave a
finished education, possessed, on las introduction into
life, every advantage calculated to recoinniend him. On
his presentation at the new court of Tuscany, he obtained
the marked favour of the then grand dutchcss. He was
created chief equerry ; and it was wliis|)ered that love
coi.trihuted to render the desliny of the young favourite
exceedingly enviable. I could easily perceive that the
|icculiar circumstances in which he was placed oceasioiied
,» certain degree of reserve in his conversation with me:
and after a lew enquiries res|i<;nting his family, who, he
iiil'urnicd me, were still residing at their iH'nutifiil estate
near l.iiecii, we exchanged our cords of nddri'ss, and
|ir»ini«ed to sec each other again. At. Liiehesiiii under-
stood how to make Ids own conversational tnleiit tlie
means of showing off the King of Prussia's. He always
contrived to draw his majesty nut, by introducing tluH-e
topics on which he was calculated to shine; and alMjve all,
he knew how to listen, which a fool never does. M. de
Pinin once advised the king of I'riissia to send .M. I.u-
chi'sini on an einbassy, because he was a clever man : —
"For thot reason," replied the king, " 1 shall keep him
hrre."
The conversation of the dinner party gradually beonine
ninro animated, and soon launched into all tho noisy hi-
larity of a tiibte d'hole. Among the company was Prince
Kus — ky, the ainluisBudor from Kiissia to 'I'urin, who had
been ordered to the congress by his sovereign, for llie
purpose of facilitating the junction of tlie states of (ienoa
and I'iedmont. Me aceoin|Hinied every ghiss of 'I'likay
with a bolt mol or sarcastic allusion ; and he related va-
rious oiiecdotOB, the obvious truth of which renders it
prudent not to re|ivat lliem even now. Prince Kos — ky's
n|x'ii and animated countenance liore an expression which
wns calculated to win cnnlldence and esteem. He was a
favciurite of the Kin|HTur Alexander, whom he amused
liy his sallies, and lie was on the liest |Mwvible fiMiting
with every individual eoniieeted with the government
and court of Kiissia, who found it eoiivenieiit to wink at
frcedoiiis which they could not with safely check.
Though he sreined tolerably indiH'erent to the horrors of
olli', yet if lie had spoken nt t(t. Petersburg half ns iVeely
w he did nt Vienna, he would, in all probahilily, have had
tJK lielil.jtnger nnd thn kahil-ka at his door, ready to es.
rorl him to SilH'rio. He was aOerwnrds ap|iointcd Kus-
■inn minister to tho court of Stutgard. He lived somii
linii< in Kiigland; nnd in that serious country, where
many things are made subjects of ridicule, the prince was
rnrirnlured. He sceme<l, however, to be pleased, rather
llinii ulfended at the circumstance, urolnhly eoiieeiving
thai relebrity of any kind is desirnUe in Kngland.
The dinner being ended, our |uii ty brokn up, and all
Ht nut in quest of amusement for ilie evening. Ypsilanti
was engaged nt the Dutchess of (Mdi iihiirg's, where the
I'i'li'brati'il liuHsian (Hst O^erolVwas to read Ihe Irngedy
of Ui'inelrius. He aei^irdiiigly lelV iiie, and I aei'4iiii|i«.
ini'd I'riiiee Kim — ky to the l.eo|Kildstadl theatri', whither
llip {rave memhrrs of llii' rariM iliplnmutiuur frequently
ri'pairrd to uubcnd at the drollery of the atlinirublv eomr-
diaii .Sehulz, alUr the more serious dramas which they
had hem phiiiiiiiig during the morning.
CHAPTKK VII.
Itfirnii Oinptrdn— .^iiiti- ol' h'nrieiy in Vit-iinn— Some 4ll)itini!nlFli(il
rharilulers — ttolliaiillu uiiiTdoto finite Iu ('uoiit nilil Clllllll■^^
I'lc'iiubii^'.
'J'lie I'rince Hcuss was so impatient to go to the
Countess I'uehs's, that we lell the theatre on his account
before the end of the third net. On our arri\.il nl M oll-
/eil we loiiiid yet hut li?\v ixTsons assembled ; hiil iiy de.
gnes the drawing-room was tilled with the |Krsriii« wlm
usually spent their evenings there. I took my unt in a
corner by the siile of the liaron Oniptiihi, who, in eonse-
i|iiiiiecoftlie fall of his sovereign, the King of W istpiialia,
had licen left without any otlieial eharueler, and only took
Ihe part of a s|Hctator at the great di|)loiimtir suiihiilriiii.
To a pri'iMissessiiig gravity of niaiiiur, the lianin joiiieil
much wit; and no one possessed belter than hini>elf Ihi:
art of giving a Indieroiis colouring In a portrait, lie was
iievertiieless n widl-disimsed inuii, nnd his epigrams were
rather to be attributed to Ihi' turn of his mind than to
any malignant impulses of his heart.
i"he baron ainiised himself with passing under review
all the jHTsoiis of our ocquainlance who were present,
and those who were successively coming in. " Although
tho city of Vienna," said he, " has undergone a siege, and
has been oeciipii-d hy the enemy since you were last in
it, you will find that hardly any material changes have
occurred. With the exception ot the style of dress among
tlic lower orders, which has become more assimilated to
that of the higher classes of society, and iu which resjHel
alone any progress has l>ccn made in the iiiiprnvements
of the age, every thing has remained in the same eondi-
lion ns tormerly. The lalovt have not changed; nnd this
one in particular has always been Ihe rendezvous of the
friends of Ihe chnrniing queen, whose subjects have never
comploined of the kind of yoke she has imposed en iheiii.
You see the proof of this in the eagerness of the crowds
who surround her. Hero you will always meet with |M)-
lilcness without dissimulation, candour without rough-
ness, comnlaisanee without flattery, and attentions with-
out restraint,
" Foremost in Ihe picture stands the good Count Puclis,
the fortunate nnd undisturlicd |iossis.sor of the treasure
which every Imdy iiivies him, us cnllmsinstic ns ever of
the militia iiistitiitiun, to which he owes his rank of ma-
jor, nnd on which he says that Ihe safety of the Austrian
monarchy de|M'nds. The Countess I.aiirn, Iris wife, pos-
sessing a linppy equality of humour, goixl hearted nnd
sincere, nnd the expression of whose infantine ciiiinle-
nani'c, heightened by tho finest colours, seems as it w ere
the inirrnr of liir excellent heart, comes next. She has
that eiii'hanling turn of mind by which she can, withoul
the use of eomplimeiil,shnw others to the Is'st ndvantage.
Then come Madnini' Kinaki, the niH'nness of whose
counlenanec gives it n charm which it has long ceased
to derive from bloom, the Princess of Courhind, the beau-
tiftil Dutchess de .Sngan, passionately fond of every Uiing
h'^roic and gram!, nnd her sister, the Countess I'^ilinona,
whose gCBliircs, attitude, de|iortnient, nnd tone of voice,
all harmonise together in tho most enchanting manner.
We have also the Count Walmoden, now a field-inarslial,
and who, during Ihe Inst campaign, has Uren so greatly
instrumental to the capture of Hrenien. In the month of
Kehriiury, IHI I, he erosnd the Rhine with the Anglo-
(ierman trno|)s. A few days ngo he wns npixiinlcd
meinher of Ihe eommissioii which is charged with the
military orgniiisniion of (ii'rmany. Prnsticrity has not
made a pioud man of him ; he has nlalncd the same
niihl nnd unassuming ninnmrs. This may also Ih' said
of the Prince of Hesse Homboiirg, who, though he has
displayed the niiwl brilliant valour, nnd unites In a ina-
jeslie form a very handsome face, lem|K'rates his noble
and iiniKming iiinnners hy a tone of I'xireme kindnesr.
He eonimnnded Ihe reserve nt Ihe battle of l,«'i|Hiie, and
distiniruisheil himself nmong the Austrian generals by
his military science and a well exercised rofi;i tl'tnl, I
see Nosliti nnd Ikirel coming in. It was in the arms of
NiMlils that Ihe Prince Ferdinand l^inis of Prussia,
whose aide-de-camp he was, expired. 'Ilie priiiei' having
reftised to surrender lo a French quartrrinnsler nt Ihe
bnllle of Sanlfehl, received his death-blow IVom him.
Nnslilx arrived on the sjiot iinniedinlely after. In I Win
he iiinde nn unsuccessful attempt to enli-r Ihe Austrian
service. In Prussia he lins Is-en mor:' forlunnle. He
lia,< alrendv nllainnd Ihe rank of a eohinel, with a g(MHl
pMsm-el of further prumoliim.
" ll<irel remains exactly as you have nhvays known
him. He has as msny Iripniis as netiuaiiitanrrs, and
giirs on smoothly with the current of life,
" Do you see Priiue lieuss seated hy the side ol .Ma-
ilame Kiiiski ' How iiiiieh his iiiaiiin is are spoiled by a
sort of allVelcd sensibility, which lie has ciiiIkk ti il in I
know not what aiitii|Uali<l (iirmanie s< heol 1 .\ol niaiiy
clays ago he wrote lo a lady, vho is not i!l this iiii.iiii nt
far oil', ' Killier your li.ve, or my <lenlli.' The li)rnier
wns not vourhsaltd him, nml he bus l:il>iii gmd ti.ie not
lo cive himself the latter. This riilieuli ns inridi i.t be-
caiiie known, and yoii may easily judge how sadly ihi'
seotinieiital priiier was l.iiii:l:i d i:l. lie is i \rr alli iii|lil.g
lo place himself ill a lolly sfdiere ; but h:ain^ no e.v|.i.
riciicc in the world, he is iiiiiilili' to emiipare i.iid joilfTO
l(;r hiiiisell'. He mistakes iiiiagiiiatii n Inr uilni.l lirii w-
led^i , the desiri? of knitwledgc tiir actual (riiililinii, and
olisliiiaey lor firmness of eharaeler. In shoit, Ms lusi^
all'ords proof lliiit the possession of some tali lit ddis not
always sutliee lo gain the gi.od-will 'f society, whin
pains are not taken to eiuieeal minor delects which must
lie iihiioxious lo it."
" Pray i xplaiii to me, my drnr liaron, how it liapi < ns
that ill the midst of this brilliant and gay asseioblage
the Count nnd Countess Pktenberg hear nn aspict of
constraint so little in harmony with the ap|X'nrancc of
others ?"
"Your late arrival at Vienna," said ()niptcda, " can
alone excuse your ignorance en that |H.iiit. It is alto-
gether a curious matter that yon want me lo explain to
you, and might serve ns a picture of manners from which
an useful moral might be drawn. It is not many years
since Plctenherg succfcded to Ihe immense fortune of
his uncle, the ri igniiig count of that name. He became
one of the richest, as he was one of the most elegant men
in the monarchy. These advantages, with those of nn
xtremely agreeable |(erstin, had engaged him in some
brilliant ndventures during his travels, the fame of whii h
had precc<led him at Vienna, and had raised his credit
greatly among Ihnt class of ladies who attach more im-
jHirtanee lo Ihe external n|ipcaranee than loqualitiis of a
more solid kind. It is by a false brilliancy thai he has
maintained during the whole gicriod of his bachelor's ca-
reer that distinction which hccomes fatal to women of
weak minds, and ol\en serves as a substitute for real
merit. Ha idly had he entered upon his twenty-fifth
year when Durlicrg, his steward, whom he seldom saw on
any other occasion than for Ihe receipt of his renls, called
one day, nnd sent in word lo his master that ho bad to
s|s?ak <m business of the utmost im|Hirtanee. 'Well,
Monsieur Diirherg,' said Ihe eoiinl, on the steward's be-
ing admitted into his presence, ' is it for Ihe purprwe of
preaehiiig a new sermon about economy that you have
reqiieati;d lo see me this morning?' — ' Nothing of the
kind, my lord; it is something of n difl'crrnt eharaeler,
nnd of much greater eoiiseqiienee lo your affairs. It is
evident your lordship has fiirgotti n llii' < lause cnntaini d
in your late iineh's will, which enjoins ymi to marry,
lielore you have completed the nge of your majnrily, a
young lady, Ihe antiquity of whose noble descent is to
hn duly verified and altesled ; nnd Ihnt, failing lo do so
williin the precise is'riod sweified, you forfi it Ihe wliolo
of Ihe inheritance you hold from him hy will. Now, as
those who are to sunrrscdo you in this inherilnnee in
the event of your failing lo fulfil its conditions keep u
vigilant eye on yon, and will only remind you of your
negligence when it is too late lo repair it, I nave thought
it my duly to impress on your recollection that the period
is so fast approaching Ihnt not a single momrnt should be
lost. Young ladies of the description re<|uireri arc no! lo
lie met with every day ; nor when they ore, is their con.
sent to lie nbtoiiied at once, or to lie looked upon before,
hand ns a mailer of errlaiiily. Think of it seriously, my
lord, for every thing you ore iiossessed of is at slake.'—
As well OS ynnr stewardship, Mr. Durlirrg. I Ihonk
you for your advice, and you may rely that I will in-
slunlly set about what our common inlerest prescribes.'
"'Ihe cnuiil in fuel lost no lim> in making enquiries
oftcr young ladies imssessing the npcrsmrv qnalifications
All Ins li lends were set to work ; and after a few days'
scorch, tliey fixed u|inn Mademoiselle Adeloida de (tol-
lembrrg, a young lody whose noble birth was ftilly at
tested for the required piirpofe. Tho decoy of hrr (w-
rents' fortune mode them suflicirntly accessible to a pro.
jKisol coming IVom such a i|Uorter. The selllement ot'
preliminaries did nut therefore orcupy much timr; after
which the iiount r<'|ialred to Newslndl lo poy his respects
lo his ftiliire s|>ouse, who was still in n convent llu rr fi.r
the completion of her education. You may easily con.
tuive the freling of a young girl of fifteen lo whom It is
inlinioted that she is lo lie iiiiinedintely muled to a hand
s<inie yuiiiiK man, |insapiisiiiB an immense fortune, nnd
snTcreign |K>wer with il. The poor girl's iinnginolmn
had breii «u worked U|Htii by Ihrsa Ihoiighlt, that ah* )<•-
•;■>
. I . .'» I 11. ^. , T. f
■^
'J
•M
K ,
. '. '' "r'l
' i.'
^/^M
m
I
IJM
JOI n.\AT- or A NOIILKWAN
M\
ranir iliMply I'liiinviiirnl witli llir riniiil iil tlie very first
moiiivnt sill" m\v liiiii. In ii|ii!r u\' lirr i .vliiiiii^ Uuiity,
111' wliirli yon may Hinii nii iili:i liy wImI you now Kir,
tliuii^li kIio Im» alL-iincd licr lliirlutli yc.ir, iiiiil nii rx-
pruHriion nf iiirliinclKily is m'UIimI iii Iiit Ivaliircs, tliv
count rou'il not liriiiir liiiiiiH'lt'to lixik iiiion Una union in
any otiicr li|;lit tliiin uiic of nurc (■oniiiulsion nnd iu'ci'8-
Kily. Soon nlV'r liis inarrintrr, tliirefori-, lie l<rlV his wife
under the can; of her jfovtrness, and the puid.inec of her
mother.
" Detestiirr a yoke ini|>ose(l on him hy cirrunislimcrK,
rielenlier<; |iUin|;eil with ritlouhled arilonr into nil kinds
of dissipation, lie gloried in liis rxe(sse>: ; and his nn-
fei'!in<r ennihiit tuwarda hn lovely wife iK-cnine with him
II siihjeel of e\iiltu(iiin. As for the |K)or yoiiiif; countess,
lovini; her hiisliand with all the foiee mid seiisiliility of
her n^e, she sirVred without eiinplaiiiiii;.', onil only nn-
Hwend the eonsulutioiis olfered hy those who Hiirroniided
liiT hy shedding; tears. lOvi ry (loinestie virtue, the most
devoted attnrhincnt, nnd the utmost resifrnntion, wire
railed to aid, ill lioi* of captivutinir hy their demonslrn-
tion, thai licart, of the (lOMScssiun of whieli she thim^rht
herself deser\in}r. But it wan uU to no |>ur|iosc; ami
rather than lon^jer endure the wretehcdness of iKilioldiuff
every day the ninii who iiiiuJu so eold a return to her ul'-
feetinn, she solicited and ohtaincd hi.'i |iermisi>ion, at the
aire of ei);hlcen, to retire U> imc of hit estates in Holie-
niia. S!iu ((iiitted Vienna, ahandonin;; all its pleasures
nnd delijrhts, delvrmiiiu I to liiiry in tliu most nhsolute
solitude those charniH which oii<rht to havo secured o
much mom happy and hrilliant destiny.
" .Misliirtmie o|H'rnlos in elcTattrd iiiiiids nn the storm
does on the atmosphere, which it purifies. ()p|M>sin|r an
irrepionchahlo conduct to the insulting nejriecl with
which she had Ix-eii treated, and nngrlie virtues to the
dissolute liahits of her Imsliand, she dc voted herself to n
life of piety and elinritahlu exercises, which lasted diiriii)r
the many years that she s|H>nl in this solitude,
"'I'lie count phinired still more hiiillessly into dissi|Ni-
tion upon riddinfr himself of tlio Irifliii); restraint which
had lM'<^n iinpiMcd on his actions, and alter sutiutinj; him-
self with every enjoy iiieiit that tliu resources of Vienna
could nft'ord, lie set out for other countries to seek for
new ones. Fourteen years elapsed in this !.tate of tliin)rs:
nt llic end of tliat tiiiiii I'letenlHr); liecame heartily tired
of his dissipated life, and thou!;!it of his country and his
wife. He proceeded In (Vdicmia, and onco more Ixluld
tlic oliji'ct I:) which s icred vowj had united him for ever,
He found t!ie countes.t rlill in her Mnom. 'rime nnd rc-
lleetion had soothed her sorrows; nnd in the tranquil life
she h.ail led, her persimal ohariiis had pri';itrved Iheir
primitive iVesliness. 'llie most evtraoriliiiary part of the
st.iry i', that I'lili'idsTU ""**' '' " dcperali'ly in love
with his will', lie iH'cimn her most enllmsinslic nil-
iiiinr. Hut time had oper.itiil very ditlirently on the
c.iiiiile-s from what he now wished It mi^ilit have done.
Ilir feeliu!.'s of cxlrenii' tendirncis wiro chan|;cd into
h ilred hy the roii^tanl riHeetion of the worthless estima-
tion in which tliey had been held. Ilis delmuelieiies and
his dissolute h.iliits had lueii rej^ulirly re|«irteil to her
hy those who were desirim< that they should pi'isliice on
her their iliK' impression, lie thrrefore iHcame an oh-
jecl of an aversion to her which iiotliiiii,' could alter.
Kvcry di'iiioi.xtration of repentaiiee, niVeetiou, and sin-
cerity, was now had recourse to hy the count ; hut all to
no pur|Mwe. She remained tnsi'iisihie to his entreaties,
nnd treated with iniliirereiiee the sidicitalions of her
Irieiids that she should consult to a reconeiliulion.
"The count nri;cd n visit to Vienna, in the lio|)0 that
nn an oci'asion like the presi'iit, her mind ini|;ht iweoiiic
inor.' accessihli' to a chanire in his fivoiir. In the tumult
of festivity nnd dissipation he tlntlend himself that her
heart wonlil more easily open itself nir'iiii to that feelin|r
nralleelion which formerly it cherished. She consented
to aeeompniiy liiiu, nnd evin, ns you sec, to take part
wilii liliii in nil the ifnielies which now alMimid in this
sph ndlil capital, lint she eoiitimies insensihle to nil the
deiiionsi rations of his nllii'tions, and scciiih to look n|H)n
till ir present frnillens ardour ns a pimishmcnt of which
he has no ri'fht to complain. The |HM)r ninn has iH'come
nn ohject ofriiticule hy the servility of his devotion. Al-
ways si|;hini; .is at thu nue of ciifhtei n, nnd as jealous ns
n sevaifcuarian, he never moves from her side. Ilu is
over lakini; up her |rlnv<^< her hnnilkcrchief, nnd prcssini;
them to his bosom in public. Hut nil this oi.)v tends to
incrensi- the aversion ho his rnlsril. I'roscrilsMl fVom the
nuptini Is'il, which he had so loiiir disiluineil, he coin-
pUlns of this riif'inr in prose, nnd lamcnis his fnte in
verse. In short, his enlhusinsm hns hi'como so irreal,
that if it conliniiei for any leinjlh of tinie, his intellecls
uiiiit Itecuiiic nlll'ctcd hy it. Wv may thcrcfuru cx|ioct
to see one day ill ti.e count the ciice of a debauclicd hiir-
haiid, whose repentance has only Is'fjun when his vices
have beconu' iiii|)ari)oiialtle.'*
Diirin); the recital of this romantic story I could not
help cxamiiiinfr, with an intense interest, the person who
was the principal Hiilijcct of it. The excessive jiolcncss
of her countenanee spread over it that melancholy and
settled expression which is prmhiced hy lonjj-wronght
Iinssions or siiircriufjs. One would have snp|¥)scd that
,a MariH! hud Ikcii (faziiijj on her when he made this
verse :
" Son rPiraril Irlslc ct ilnnx Implero In pili^."
" You sec," said thM|iteda, ill conclusion, " the origin
if that cvtreiiie paleness in the lady's countenance which
has so niiieli altraeted your notice. In her situation,
there is MiiiiKlliini; infiiiilely more natural in that settled
nil lanchiily her face rvinces, than in a more animated
•xprcssion." Whilst he was concludiiifr his remarks
supper was aimounced. I contrived to sit next to him nt
table, in order to enjoy the pleasure of listenini; to his
ibscrvntions. His varied and picturcsiiuc sketches were
the more intercslintf to me, as they rcliitcil either to [K'r-
sons of my aci|uaiiitance, or to intimate friends.
CIIAPTKU VIII.
M. Novmtnihotr. ttic Itil^slan Bliile^lnan— Atfair* of Polonit— Prtnrr
ill! l.ifini- « u|iiiii,iii 1)1, ami wriiings uii, ilie foil's — Cuiiiit Anliur
l'iiliH.'ki.
On the liillowinir day I met, at the house of the Prince
lie Li)rnc, AI. NovossilsotV, a Uiissian statcsinan of some
celebrity, who was held in hijfh estimation by th« Km-
|>cror Alexander, lie was ul that time a memlicr of the
provisional (jovcrnmenl of I'oluiid, and when I came in
he was convcrsinjr with the prince on the ntfuirs of that
country. The Kuliject was one of ncver-fuilinij interest
to me, for I have 8|HUit in Poland the finest days of my
life; and the sentinienta of attachincnl I have conceived
for that unhappy land are of the. most deep rooted kind
The conversation turned chieHy on tlin constitution
which it was in contcmiilation to (rive to iho Poles, nnd
of which M. Novossilsim was one of the fratncrs. " The
Polish nation," said tho Russian stntesmnii, " had too
Ion;; relied on the promises of a man to whom, uHer all,
their independence was a matter of |Nrsonal inditTcr-
incc." — " Their illusions were i xciisahle enough," on-
swcrcil the Prince de Lijriic : " there arc no nacrilices of
which nuliiins do not easily console themselves when
they arc called for by the pros()ect of such an achieve,
iiicnt." — "(ienerally s|s'akin(r," rciilicd M. Novossilsofl",
"this would be iwrleclly justifiable; but tho Poles arc
ever carrying back the ir tlioujflils to the brilliant times of
Iheir history, ai:d they want their country to re-assume
that proud allitiiilo ol t.ide|M'nilciice it enjoyed under the
Itatoiis, the Sigisnioiidv, the Siliicskis, without one mo-
incut tbiiikiiiK of the immrnse clian|res the (Kiliticul con
dition of Kiiro|s> has since tlii^n midcr(rone, and their
peculiar geo;;rapliii'al position, which innkcs it liii|Hissible
that they should stand ai;ain on the same fisiting as for-
merly. Poland is now linked to us, and must Is^ content
with the fate which is unavoidably reserved for her |io-
lilieul existence. If ever we allowed her to bccoiiie com-
pleti ly inde|H'iiiltiil, shii would make nn .\ulntic nution
of us, and we are not ilis|iosi'd to recede." — " Ihirke has
said," observed the prime, " that the partition of Poland
would be paid dearly fur by its uutliors : he nii);ht have
idded that suili mi|;lit be the ense with her defenders
also; for Napoleon's iiiterfeience with her concerns has
ill no miiall dcirree coiilributcd to the loss of his crown. I
lio|M' u Is'tter fate w ill be reserved for the r,in|Mror Alex-
nmler; but all must de|H'nd u|Hin the uilopt ion of suitable
measures, nnd lliiir siiiiiity on u tirm ba^is, A |M.'oph'
who are proud of lluinsilves may sutler theniselvcH to !«'
eonipiered, bill will not Is'ar to Ik< humiliated. I'lie fnree
of arms may achieve their ccmipiest; but it is only throu|;li
a (fcnerous and just policy thai they imiy Im' thoroughly
suTijuifati'cl." — " Vou need not ap|<relicii(l any systiii of
|Kilicy, my dear priiice, of which the Polos willivcr ave
reason to complain at our hands. If you read this iraiiu
script, the margin of which is full of notes, written 1 1 Ihe
l''in|K'ror .Mexandcr's own hand, you will find how |;reat
is our desire to meet the wishes of the Polish nilioii.
This is the eonsliliition intended fiir them. It will tnnlde
you to jiidife whether the lolty scntimeuts which rprin);
from the heart should not Ihi taken ns the |{m»'i»> *'0 <>f
that monnrch's gutnl intentions.* Tito institiitinns of
that country, hereby fixed uiHin a solid foundutinn, will
Isi ome the means iiy w Inch the |>cacc of Kuropc niny he
ever maintained." — " If the buses of the edifice are pro.
IMirtioncd to its weight, nnd of comimrativc solidity, tliry
will, no doubt, prove durable ; but if not, you may hiivs
to fear the vcngeanci' of men who arc driven lo dcs|icrata
iiieans. I wisli you had time to read the memoirs on
Poland, which I wrote in I'm*. Yon may pcrha|is think
that wliut was written so long back is not exactly appli.
cable to llio present ]K.'riod. Nevertheless you wniild
meet willi much iiseliii intbrmation in thot work, onil a '
great deal of coincidence between your tlioiightji and
nine on 'wnie material |ioints."
This intercsling conversation was interrupted by the
arrival of Count .\rtliur Potoeki, a friend of the Priniv
de I.ignc. Though a Polc,nnd a well-known vnthusinatin
wellwishcr to his country, his presence put a stop to the
conimentM of Aloiisicur de NovossilsoiT, who hastily
packeil up his pa|M'rs, nnd took leave of us.
" I come," said t'oiinl Potoeki, " to inform you tint
every thing is now in readiness for the intended caraiixl,
which has liccii so long in preparation, and tliat the en-
suing week has Ijcen fixed U|sm for its celebration. 1
bring you, prince, Uie tickets which the grand marahtl
Traulmaiisdorir has desired inc to deliver to you ; and I
wouhl ri'coinmcnd by all means tlint you should attend
this spectacle, tor it will doubtless be cue of the most ei.
trnorillnary of any witnessed in mo<lcm liinea."
I'lii prince invited the count to coino and dine with
us at his trfiifif, as he called his country house on tlic
Kuleml«rg. He was greatly attached to the Count At.
thur, whom he familiarly called his Alcibiades, and wlio,
in his turn, entertained a most sincere regard for hit
venerable friend. He declined the invitalinn, however,
having had a previous engagement with tho Princeu
I.uhomirski, whom ho was to attend to court, where i
splendid nssembia, of illustrious guests had lieen in.
vited to witness th' s|iectacle of living picture$ which
was to be directed by the aclebratcd painter Isabey. In
giving an account of the programme, the count told lu
tliat the picturcsipie scenes were to be followed by ro-
mances, dramatically performed by Uic handsomest wo-
men at court, nmoiig whom were to be the Ihitcheiia of
Sagnn, the Princess Paul Kslcrhazy, and tlie ('•ountris
/ii'hi. He oliserved, that as the |H'rfnrmances were nut
to coinmence iK-fiirc eight o'clock, we should be in tinin
to nlti'iid after our return fri ni the rrfagt, and ho adviiH^I
us not to neglect any op|iortiinity ollercd for tlie enjoy,
mnit of the Hies, for the closing of the congress had ul
ready Is-en fixed for llie l.lth of IhcemlR-r. After wliiili
he iixik his have, and wo set out on our intended |iil.
griuuige.
* Ali'iiiiiili'r'pi viilt-i'ipirnt rnisnile nritlnni liln-rsl liinlllstli nn hns
fliuwii Im'W IJir his " tiiUv S' nllliu'lit-i" wrrr lo tn» Ishen ns Ihi-
tunrnntisi ul' his kihsI Inirnilniu. An In hu ritlish conMllii ten, he
liirri'ly liii'Sllt II »s sti nrlihowleili'iiit-iit nn Ills pall Ihsl hit I'lillffll
•*nh|i'f'iR \i','o' n >t etnrily plniiil I'li n )i'\rl Willi bit M i*ruvllp
-laves — '/VfisWtilrtT
CHAPTKR IX.
Till' Kalrnih. ri:~rrliire de l.iin.^'s rminiiy Imtise tlii'ie— rriiirn
V|i-ilni.ll ni.'t llii' lirrrk, — ^<u,ll IVi-lii whirit Klli^ Hiitiii>kl
rhie-pi'it Ihi- n>lii> iif Ihi- f.'ratiil Vlxli'r, llllilMnvisI Viriiiia -I'llitu'
ill- l.lictlr's inleO'SllltK innvi'MStlon.
The Knb'iiilN'rg is a hill in the immcdintn vicinity of
Vienna, ever which it eoinnnnds an extensive priis|icrt,
nnd to which it pri'sents a piitiiresipie view. The Priiiii'
de l.ignc hnd, since a long |)eriod, chosen a spot on il for
his summer residence, nnd his house there bccnnie llio
alside ot'tlie muses, and the rendexvous of that select nn.
ciely of friends to whom bis presence nnd conversnlinn
were nn inexhaustible source of instruction and gratifirg
tion.
On our way Ihilher our discourse turned upon Vicnnn;
he s|M>kc of that city in the most Ihitleriiig terms. I flilly
eiineiirred in nil he said : iieverthcless, I observed, thil
in nrilir to appreciate the whole of its various resournn,
n bitter knowledge of tin (iermnn langunge wns nerei.
snry than the gi'iicrnlity of foreigners |Missesseil. With
out this reipiisite it wouhl be diflicult to judge exactly of
I he ehnraeter and ways of those ranks of soeiely whiHi
arc not the li'ss iiitcn sting for not Is'ing Uic higficst, nni
the li'nst worthy of Is-ing known, lincon once said Inn
young man who knew no Inngunge but his own, miil
was nsking the cbnncellor's ndviee ns to the most ml-
visnble mmle of pri>cceding nii his travels, that it wnuM
lie far more wise for him to go to schisd than to travrl
in t'liriign lands. " Hncnn's suggestion wns no dniilil •
very exeellenl one," nbservcd the prince; " but I wundrr
what Itlelastasio would have said to it ? — ho who, tllrr
twenty viars' risideiico nt Vienna, hnil only picked u{<
twenty iii rmnn words, which he used to suy was i|uilu
enough III save his lil'e in cas<< of iiii'd. At all evcnl*,
you will find the l-'rcneh language sulficicntly knnirn
here by this lime to serve most pur|ioses. It is iiiiivrr.
snily undcrsliMsl in the up|M<r rnnks of society, nnd y™
SCO that it hus Wii adii|itcd in the negotiations and cun
inilutirn, will
urn|ir iiiny tjc
lifirc arc ypi.
solidity, tlicy
roil may havn
n to dcKjierald
mcnioim on
pcrha|M think
rxactiy apjilj.
m you wniilil
t work, oml a
tlioiiglitu and
rruptcd liy tlic
of the I'rinfi-
vn cnthiuiiiMic
It n Btnp tn Ihr
r, who hiutily
».
irnrm you tlial
rndcd coroiiMl,
id tliat the rn.
cck'hrolion. I
frrand marshil
r to you ; and I
1 nhould atti'iul
of the moiit ci-
limes."
and dine willi
ry liouM! on llio
) the Count Ar.
hiadcR, and wlio,
I rejrard for hit
itation, however,
ith the PrinccM
) court, where t
it« had hern In-
r ;ii((ur«( which
"ntcr laabcy. In
he count told u«
! followed by ro-
handnomcat wo-
the DutchcM of
iiul tlie C'<iiint('«8
niniirrs were nut
ihuuld Im ill tinw
Tf, nnd ho Bilvi«il
■d for tlic enjoy,
eoiigrens hud al
Irt. After which
our iiilciidcd pil-
liiiuw ilB'ie- Prill"
iilcli Kini Hi>lilivki
,t.«l Victmn --I'titin-'
edintn vieinily of
iinive prmiifot,
iew. 'I'Ih- Prime
II n ppot on il for
lere licennii' llm
of that wlert tn-
nnil roiiver»«li"n
ion onti gralificn-
I'd upon Vienna;
n(T lermi". I fully
I obxervcd, lliat
nrioiw rrnoiircn,
rnngo wn» nocci-
[mihhi'hkciI. With
I judge exaelly "f
of wieielv wliicli
tlic hi){ne«l,ii™
[iiii oner, wiiil I" «
lut hill own, anil
(o the nioKt Kil-
•In, that it wnuld
il than to travel
wii« no doiilvl a
; " but I wcimlcr
T_ho who, allft
|l only pirked iip
;o nay wan M"''"
, At all evrnl",
jllieiinlly kim*"
fl. Il in uiiivrr.
Ixneiely, and y«i
iintioni and cun
AT TIIH CONOIIKSS OF VIEXNA.
1 H.'i
of the eoni;re».>, iiikI in ilrawin;; up nil llie ofTieial
.IH wliicli are
to Ih' the IruilM of tl»- iiilniMerial dellU ri.
"'V\,f i.riiice's niniiiier of trealiii!; every nuhject on which
"1 -...!.. « *.. ii i.-;il.... tl....
Ill' Kjl
,k. g.
;ivi> n ce
rtiiiii turn tu the merest tritlex, thai
,„„|,. them iiliiiosl eiiually iiilcrejiliiie with oiilijectii ol
, iiK"'''""-"'-'- ""^ "liolic of ninny of the dixtiniruiHheil |H-r-
.„iiH of soriity, the sovereigns assemhied Iheri', tiieir
mini^tirs nnd e'""''''"'''' '""' "'"'' ^''"^ •''"^' which was
i.Tiiliir lo liiin, |ioiiiled at tlio ridiruloiis iMurings of his
i.„rlr.iits and llireiljly deserikd in a few words their
..iiural i.harnrler.
' 111 a lillK- time wc eiitereil the eoiirt-yard of the prince's
i.iiintrv residence. It was n small hiiihlinfr, reiiinrkniily
11, it .iiid ri)iiiiii'>'li""n in ''"(lernal np|u'nranee ; nnd its
Tilnal (iwin'r iiiiiilil easily have renliM'd llie wish of So.
i r;li'S,l')' 'i'l'"~ '' "'"' K"""'-'* wlio wi're his real friends.
ilur llie iKirtal of iU outv\ard entrance wa.s engraved
llin.u'iitrnee:
Uun roscuniqiiL' cadiini, Keniptr aint liiiea ii.,'ia.
•• It iviiiihl be di'viuting from Die practice of nil Innil-
Icirdu," said the prince, nn our eiiterini; the liniise, " if "
illil nut Ix'^'in iloiiig the honours by eondiieting y on round
I'll' extent of my domuiii : hut as my house luid the pre-
miers lieliingiiig to il arc not more ample thnii the terri-
l.iry prcscrilH-il to the president of the .St. .Marin n-puhlie,
t iMi iin'd not apprehend much fatigue. Such as they are,
imwevir, it is here tlint I H<'rk and find relaxation aflrr
III,' liiMiiill of feU-H, the fatigue of aniiis«^iiieiitii, and the
hlilVness of that restraint which, however ineliiieil, we
lire iiinre or less obliged to iiii|x»H! on ourselves in the
iircM'nee of so many crowned iKvids nnd aovereiirn |vr-
yoaagi's. Here, ill short, I can live for my own self."
Will II we had reached the extremity of tlie garden, he
„l»!ii'il a diMir which h'd into a suimiu-r house construct
iiiiinicliately over the Daniilte, and from which we had a
iiim|ilete view of the city of Vienna. " It is from that
s|nt," Slid he, " that John Sohieski commenced his glo-
iijii.< attack at the bend of bis thirty thousand men
niT'iin't the grand viiier, Kara Mustapnn, whom be de.
(Willi llirougli the irresistible impetuosity nnd bravery
III' Ills inferior numbers, tberchy saving the (lermanic
i'in|iire. The military cxpi-rieiiec of that sovereign had
ISO well exercised his foH;i d'iril. Hut atVr exnmining for
II lew iiuiiiients from this elevated position the ilis|iosi-
Unw of the Turkish nrrny, he coolly oliservi-d to the
P'lieruls who surrounded him, that t'H'v were liadly
III all', and that .Mustajilm would infollihiy tie lieaten.
"Tlio Polish cavalry which had como to the aid of
he (leriiians had a very innrtini npjioarance. They
weic iiiiiunled on magnificent horses, hearing richly
iirnaiiiontnd arms. Thu inliinlry, howovor, was in u
I'ly (liirifciil coiidilinn. One regiment in particular
as ill .HO unprovided a slate, that Prince I.uhomirski
ilviseil the king not to jiorniit its crosMug tlia Danube
liire iiiglil, as its menu ap|>earnnca wax absolutely a
iliniml dishonour to the PiJes. The king, however.
i» ii"l Id bo swayed by any such consideration.
.'<iirli »s ynii sen llio'^d moii,' said ho tu I.iilioiiiirski,
llii<y lire invincible. They havo made u viiw not to
ir any clulhes but IIhwo that they will tako from the
ii-iay's liack. During tho wliolo of tins lust war they
iro Turkish clothes.'
"Il was cii riilding Irf'0|>old from his hithorlo success.
fill oiimiii's, that tho words applied by Po|k; I'iua V. to
ilin of Austria, after llin bnltlo id" Lepantu, wore
|i«ii«(; ried lo .lolin Sohieski : ' And there was a man
tit liy liiiil, nnd bis iiamn was .loliii.' Austria hns in
lire leecnt tiincs ehosoii to liirgel this senlenee, ex
in'.»;ni of her grulitiidu ; sho has not scrupled to Im-
iiisliiiiimiitnl to Iho overthrow of that nation who
;ivecl her from a siiiiilur liilo by their vnloiir, and
At three o'olock wo snt down tn n dinner served out
i)f provisitiiis which tlie prince had ennseil lo he put in
the cariiage on oitr leaving town. Never as lung as I
livo i.|iall my grateful inomory lo^o the recollection ol
this charming repast. How bright the colnurs in which
Ins II
ug
ex|Mii<o of their hl.siil. Il is iii vain that Auslriif eonversalion to produce cllect by her wit. She mostlv
Nil V lit iLllHK U)ll<l ur till LI rniip.ui nil lirt •*•.;*!. 1 1. :^ ...... ... 1.. .1 !....._ _ I ■ • . • • . . .*
|ttl»
[ loUwiy to those who would repri«cli bcrwith this eon
"I, ilinl till' servleo rendered by Hohieski w as a mere re.
ki'ii iiiail.i llir a similar ooii, when Austria saved Poland
I'lnitlm grasp of tho Swodos under tho reign ofCharles
luMaviis. 'I'lio Polos might, on similar grounds, Imvr
tirieil llivii elaiins to Austrian graliliidu toiieriodsBlill
Ve remote, and to ocenrrencns eipially calling Ihr il.
Micii tliiil'uiiiiiler of Austria, Douiit llaint'iurgh, found il
fivB^iiry to Hhnkc oil' his de|ioiidcnee IVoin the i'.'m|ierur
\""y II., Hid Poles cuinu lo his nssistanuo, and great.
iMiilrilmled in placing his house in the rank of the
i-l imwirhil sovereignties of Kurn|K>. Tlie fact is
l«l lliii iiiii|uiloiis partitiiHi in i|ueslioii enn never lie
and its promotor hitil no doubt in his niind
,'y of l.a Kontnine, in Iho liibto of tlia dop car.
poitraycd the celebrated (lorsonagcs who, in Ins
worldly career, had honoured him with their friend.tliip!
'Pho KinprcBs ('atherino, whom he called his "living
glory;"' the Kiiiperor Joseph II-, his "visible pro'i.
dcnec;" Kroderiek II., his " ininiortality ;" vxere p.irli-
cnlnrly the siilijects of his nnecdolic liulchca. He niso
related a variety of interesting parliculnts respeeling
the unliirlnnale Mnric Anininclln. " At my introdiie.
lion," said hr, " lo I he Count d'Arlois, ho assumed nl
first all the dignity of u king's hrolhcr, hut soon alter
treated nie as if he had henii my own. Some time aUer,
at tho camp of Moravia, I saw the king of Prussia.
Frederick |)<'rceive<l nl onco that I was un nilinircr ol
great men, and shortly nih'r I liecamo his visiter at
Iterlin. On my son I'liarles's marriage with a Polish
lady, il was observed llinl, being on a footing of iiiti.
inato friendship with the l'!iii]irCKS (Catherine, nntliiiig
became mo so well n: the crown of Poland, nnd I was
naturalised a Pole in consequence. On my second arri.
val in llnssia, tho empress took it into lier head that
she must go nowliero vvilhoiit my being at her ellsiw,
nnd fill' we set on that long nnd extraordinary journey
lo tho Crimea, the pnrticnlnrs of which would np|icar
more (iibuloiis than historical, ('nllierine Uiievv my
partiality tor Iphiginias, and thereforo presented me
wilh tho very piece of land on which had stood the tem-
ple where Agamemnon's daughter was priestess. I
reolly Imlieve, that what through the paternal friend
ship wilh which the I''iii|icrnr Kruneis 1. honoured mc,
the maternal liiinlness whirh tho great Maria Theresa
always showed me, and the frntornal intimacy on which
I sIixhI with Joseph II., the confidoiicc which the great
.Marshal do Ixiudoii had placed in iiic, the intiinalo
footing on which I stood in tho private circles of the
i|ucen of Krnncv and tho great empress of Itussia, and,
finally, tho unrestrninod intercourse I wan long allowed
to unjoy wilh Krcdcrick of Prussia; I sny, with so many
sources of fruitful inlnrmnlion and entertaining anec-
dote at my disposal, I could now sit down and write
some very interesting memoirs."
I listened with intense altontion tu all that he said.
It seemed to nin as if I wns myself trans|iarled by turns
to the scenes which he had witnessed, and to which the
forc} of his imugiiialion gave such a vivid colouring.
Ho s|iokc of more recent times, und dwelt at sonic Icnglli
on tho pcricMl when tho present emporot married his
cousin-gerinan, the daughter of the Archduke of .Milan
and of Iho Archdntehess lienfrix, the only reinnanl ol
that hou.so of list, which has been so extolled in Ariosti
and Tasso.
" That union was brought about by inclination
alone," snid the prince : " |Militicnl motivos had nothing
lo do with it. The young empress was brought up in
the miilst of calamities uliicii add greatly to the into,
rest of her situation, 'I'hn seiiliiiients of rcs|ioct sho in
spires are thoreliiro mixed with feelings of sympathy.'
Ho then nlluded to tho nrrivnl of .Madame do Sinelal
Vienna, whore sho cnmn at Ihnt |ieriu<t fur the piir|K)se
of |Kirticipatiiig in Iho festivities which were to bo pro
diiced iiicelebrnliim of tho iin|ierinl innrriagc. "Her arri-
val and hnr stay among us have formed n kind of era :
for, in certain circles of sociely, it is still usual to say
in rci'cronen to snniii partiiMilur fnct or occiirrciice.
'When .Madame de Stnel was here.' Hut admirnlion is
not everlasting, however it iiiny ho sincere. Wc get
used lo the object which has excileil it; and fVeipiontly
thai feeling is chnnged inio soinelhiug of a very op|iosito
kind. .Mnilamn ilo Stnol was lisioag»>r generally in her
(sTsoii. She was in the habit of displaying llieni here
ehielly by twisting in thrill n siiihII hraiieh of (mplar,
with tliiee i;r liiiir leaves on il, llie motion of which
produced a kind of rustling sound which she called tho
ibligato nccoinpnniinent to her words. She is very
fond of I
uired of the
.,1
rill Ills inaslor's dinner
succeeded, howovor, in so doing, nnd nothing could he
easier among Iho crowds of her nilniiring listeners. .She
discussed every siibjecl wilh rare |>erspieacily. If ovor
she asked a quesli still more schloni did sho wait liir
an answer; and notwithstanding this violation of the
coiiinioii rules of cinivorsatioii, mid a dictalnrial inoiln of
ill liveriug hor smliinonts, she was sure to bring over
almost every opii.imi tn n coiiu idenco with hnr own. Her
countenance, allonolhir, is far IVoni lioing haiulKoino
the form of her nnsn and the shape of her nioiilh arc de-
eideilly ugly ; hut her eyes |M)«sePs n hri'lianny which
almost eiiablo them lo oxpross tho rievnt I and distill
guisliod Ihniighls wilh which her fertile mind nlsiiinds
She has preserved nil tho habits of ymilli, nnd all llii
cmpielry of dross which Imloiigs lo very young women
llor Imiids arc pcrhaist iliu host slm|K<d I'lart ul' her wliuli
unci ol society, from the notion she lias acijuii
impression she produces on the minds of men ; but she
(Iocs not willingly asencialc wilh women, whose eonver-
salion she thinks nnsnitnble to a mind like hers. Sho
thinks herself in her proper sphere only when surround-
ed by those of whose |iowers of appreciating her sho
entertains a high notion; and thu more this circle is
nuniei'ous the more her mind heenmes exalted, nnd hor
elo(|uciice is ralhd forth. Celelirity has heconic neces-
sary l» liir cxisleiicc, Iml it has iiol led her to happi-
ness; for she hns long regretted her native land, from
which she wns |>roscrilied hy the man whom she called
' .'1 Hohespierre on hnrsehack.' It inny therefore lie said
that it was her own cause she was endeavouring to pro-
mole when she ilireclcd the whole power of her means
lo Ihc overthrow of the man who was op|Kiscd to her re-
turn to I'ranee. Shortly oiler she came here nn anony-
mous satiie wns circulated on tho enthusiasm she had
excited. Her Cnrinne was ciiticisrd in Ibis production,
and, I think, most inaptly ; for it is not in her literary
works that sho is vulnerable. That alTcctation of ap-
|ienring on a scene where sho could display no talent,
the »o/oH lieing her only pro|ier station, — that prcloii-
sion of engrossing every attention and every thought,.^
that mulahility in her opinions, so dangerous lo those
who thought they could rely upon their consistency ; it
is nn these points that she ougiit to liavs Iwcn attacked.
She was, however, greally incensed that any one should
jiresumo to set up any douhls res|)ccting her literary
merits, on which, she thought, there could exist but
one opinion."
.\s il was necessary that wo should nrrivc al court
precisely at the hour fixed for the coinincncemont of tho
performances, we lell this delightful retreat, which
will, no doulit, Imconio one day an historicul subjact.
Shortly afterwards wo repaired to the imperial i>ulace.
CHAI-PKU X.
Cinnil srainihly at conn— l.li iiiij :,lriiiii.s— llrninnlir mninnrni—
'I'lit' rniu-..|,n I'Isli rlia/y— Till. Kx-iiih^'II ol' lliillnnil—rnnre
l.iii|»ilil i.f Hnxo I'lihiiran aicmiiii ul In r— llniUraialii wall/iiiit
— I.rniiil sn]t|s-r ni cnurl.
When we arrived nt court, the snile of mngnificent
npartments were nirendy crowded wilh conipmiy. Tho
I'nuut Arthur Potocki had, however, kept scats for us
near those of the Princess Ksterhay.y nnd Ihc Princu
l,eo|Kild of Saxe Coliiirg. I enlcred into eunvcrsatioii
with the princess, mid the intended |Hrliirinances very
naturally Incame the subject of cuir remarks. She said
thai although the living pictures were a novel exhibition
in Vienna, they were not new to her; fur sonic years
previously, she gave a fete nt KiseiistadI, one of her
country seals, where they were excculcd for the first
time. Her eha|K'l inasler, Haydn, the celebrated com.
|Miser, heightened the interest of the cxhihitiim on that
occasion, hy |Krl'.)riiiiiig on the organ some extein|Mira-
ncons music of a strikingly appropriate character. I havo
known hut few ladies whose eonversalion was as fnsci
nnling as that of the Prinecss Kstrrlmzy, and whoso
manners were equally captivating. I U'caniu uei|uainted
with the prince, lur hushanil, many years previously, at
the house of M. Kec ainier in Paris, and I was on inti-
male leriiis wilh her son. Prince Paul; so that the con-
versaliim soon turned im those two meinliers of her fa-
mily, flir whom she rnlrrlained the i t ardent niVeelioii.
It was enough to siMwik of them ill U mis of admiration
111 obfniii her tslecin and lVieuilslii|«.
The eonimineeincnt of the |H'rtiirmances was now on-
iiouneed by all the lights Ising put out. After an appro,
piiale overture, executed hy an oreheslru coni|HsH'd only
iif harps nnd I'reneli horns, the eiirlniii wns drnwn, and
pres.iiled a seeiic cnlhd the S|miii»li conversntion. Tho
seeoiid was llie siihji ct of a piitiire drawn by a young
Kniieh nrlisi, repriHinliiig I^iuis XIV. nt ifie feet of
.Madame de la Vnliere. This scene wus exeenled by tho
jouiig Ciiiiit 'rrautinnnsdorirand Ihc hcauliftd CmiUss
/.ielii.' They were Udh of them inwsessi d of sujicrior
allrailiiins: and there wns such nn expression of emolion
in the li'atures of tlu' cumil, anil of i.
in that of thu couiituss, that thu ill
iilineeiieo nnd ninriii
usioii was reiidercil
tVliili. faiiey ball- nre laiitMi.liliij r.u nam i.r«|ilrll
ill Kiiiilaln.
Mil is-iiiiiiil rhaini'ti r-, », nn,ii,| ,„t^,- , niinili.r winiir Ih..
«iil»llniiioiiol/„.i»^^(rl«r..,»|,(,.|,wniii,|iiiinl.li n rniliiiml nml.
Ill tills ciiiiiilry. niivi'l iiiiKir nl
nieriali nl siiil wlili n Jiiillrlinis
111 ci. orFiihJiriii, w.iiiUI i< ii.l I iiiai fiai.ii,: i|.,,n ami Ii
iitinit. — >:,/,
linir.ive-
^ i^i".
!.
■-n,
■;4:
.'f
'.t
.'t
'- 1
',-S
m
IV '. it4
'i'^W
\M
JUirRNAL UF A NOIiLK.IIAN
•' V. V'"
m^
I'l
".'iii|>li'te. 'I'liu lliird sivtii^ wiim Uikcii troiii i.c (JroK'
Ic:liirt', n-Il^l'^(.llIill;; lliji|MiIytii> jiiHlityin^ liiiiitfcti' ti)
TiicsrttH a^diii»>l llii' ut'Ciisiilini) (it* I'jiifdra.
'I'lic Hiibji'i'tH of Hum; lucturiH, ri iiri'iTiitcil liy llii
iitOHt ilistiii);tiHiit:(i |»4 rsuns ut nnirt, u itii C()^tllllu'S ho
liiaL,'iiitii.x'iil jiiil u|i|irii|iri,ilr, with xliadrN uiid li^'lits ilis-
po.snd 1:1 lilt' iiiiirtt iiiusltrly iiiuuiii'r hy Is-ibcy, lu-t-cssa-
rily cM'iU'd grrttl uiiiiiirutiuii. Il U iiiiiHisnilili', luiHt v< r,
tU jlld^JL' oflili; HIK^cils llt'lllU)riu cllVtl prudlll'I'll, witliiiut
li.'i\iiit( witiiussid tlic I'xiiiliilidii, 'I'lir iiiiiiiuliility ol'tiii'
iij(iirf.-4 wu:j iii:iiiit.iiiiL>d in a Kiirprisin^r iimiiiuT ; liiit
Hhtl' H'urr utlitiidos no cviri'iiiily l)ili)riiiii(;, that lh<y
' vuiild nut bu ki'|il ii|i lur jiinrc than u litv iiiiiiutt'>:, uiid
the curtain dru|i|icii uii tUcni kiminlt tliun the K|icutuliiri^
cuuld liavc uinhud.
The li(;htii were now restored, uiid whilat Ihrilramalii
tumiiniin were lieiii); |>re|>ared, relreshnioiits of ull kinds
were wived round to the aiidieiiee.
The lirst |ierforiiianee was the well known roniiince,
Partiitit /Mill /iiiNyiir, eoni|iuKed hy thetjineii llortelixe.*
It wuii executed hy AI iileinoiiiellc (■oulianit, dan^rhtcr of
the Dutch minister liaroii tloiilMiilt, who is now git-
veriior of l-'russels. Her voice was extremely melodious,
and she t»ing tiie uir with nil cxijnisitu expression ;
whilst the youni; Count SehiLMifeld uiid the youiif^ Prin-
cess l'liili|istadt expressed tile meaning; ol the words
tlirou^h iniinic action. 'I'lii'y were secoiiih'd by a full
chorus of both sexes, and the variety of (rruuping, the
tif^ures esiM'cially, during Ihu inarriu|;e stanza, the jicr-
fvction of the chorus, — all pro<hieed un e^Vect |«rfeclly
enthusiastic nmoiiK the s|H'etutors.
I was si'ated to<i far away Iroiii the Emperor Alexan-
der tu hear what he said to the I'rincc Ku)(ciu', who sat
between him and his fallier-in-law, the kine of Uavaiia.
I)ul it was evident from the ex|iressioii ol the prince's
comilenance that the i'iii|H<ror was payiii); n just tribute
of praise to the merit ot' his sister's com|Kisition.
The second perlormanee was that of Coupigni's ro-
maiirc, Ijf Tr'nthintimr ifiii chtitilc tt fait In ^arrrv. It
was executed by the Count Schivnbor ami Countess Ala-
rassi, 'I'he third was ajrain a nompotrition of the k^x-
(lUeen of Holland, Vuif r»' ifttr itnil^ titiviniitr yiic fiottrni.
It was as wi-ll snntr and as well expressed as the others,
by the youm,' I'rince Kadiivil, and the Countess Za-
nioiska, the U'aulil'ul niid aeeomplished daii;rhtcr of
Alarslial I'rince Czartoriinky. The author's name was de-
manileil, anil its ainiouncemeiit elicited loud and univer-
Hul applause,
"Indeed," oliserveil the Prince de Lifriic, " Mademoi-
selle lleHiiharnais wields. a seeplri' which will never break
in her hands. .^Iie remains a ijuee-' tiy the fjrace of her
own talents, at\er havini^ ee.ised to Ik' one by the yrace
oftiod. For my pari, I most cordially add my apiuausc
to llie.!!' liaiU of (reniiis. I lake pleasure in pnyiiifr hoiiu
aire to tatten greatness, esjiceially when |H*rsoiis in that
situation have proveil theinselves so worthy of the hi)r|i
station to which eireumstani is had raisi'd them."
" I have seen so iiiiieh of the (^iieeii llortense," said
Prince Leopold, "dnrini; my freiiuent visits to Paris,
that I can Inar full teslimony to the truth of your re-
mark, so far ns it may ap|>ly to her. Shi' was extremely
yoiiii;; when suddenly transferred lo a court resplendent
with military (flory. Her amiahle disposition wos not in
the remotest manner ntfieted by the brilliant turn of her
prospi'i'ts. .\eillier iin|K'rial |Hiinp, nor re((al honours,
could priKluee any nlli'falion in her, und she has always
ri'lained her nioih'sl and unnirecled manners. Xor docs
the privniioti of nil these honours npjx'ar to have <Kia-
sioned any recret with hi'r. Nature has (rilled her with
Ijenius for the fine nrt*, which her su|M'ri(>r education
aiul the means al her command have fully develo|H.'d.
The prince has, therefore, very justly oliscrved that she
wields a seeplre of which notliiii); can deprive her. She
muKa most cxipiisitcly, and plays di'livliHully on various
instruments, ."^he coniposes very prettily, and draws in
(rreal |N'rfection. No Indy in Paris danced more (jrace.
I'ully than she did. lint what can never Ir fiir(;ollcn by
•trinirers who were in the habit of visitin;; Paris durini;
the time of her (.'ri'nliH'ss lliire, is thi' urbanity whicli
IriIIi herself and her mother evinced toward those who
had the honour of iM'coniimj known to llieni. They
accmcd IhiIIi of them aa if desiroiui of smiHithinK the
dittirully <d° |Mwitinn |iociilinr l<i niiiiy of iii nt tliu ruiirt
of the "ruileries."
" I iidmire,'' sniil the Prinrc do I.i|rne, " (lie frnnk
hnnmire you imiv, my dear prince, where il is justly due.
I am fond ot adinirini; where iidmiralion is eaUed for,
* l>iilrhi->s nf Hi I Till' nnilir will Miiii tiliiinlii i> to tl
rtiNisMrr*, <«.t Mlili'li ilitre Is dm t!ii|fliii|i word, la tlio .Mviiiiiiri iif
lloftCIM*. ' f.W.
and I conli'ss that I detest those who are ever seeking a
inolive lor every demonstration of kindness, and who af-
fect to doubt that amiable i|ualities can spriiifr from na
tnral ini]iulses."
When liie sovereigns i|uittcd their Hcatu the company
repaired to the great ball roam, whi're every thing hud
lui n prepared liir duneiiig. I otTi'red my arm lo the
Princess f^lcrhiuy,* and she allowed iiiu to reiiiuin by
her the rest of the evening.
.VII those who had tigured ill the representation had
kept on their dramutie costumes, and as their nmnlier
was I onsidirublc, they Ibrined separate qiiadrilles among
themselves, whicli added much variety and animation lo
the scene. 'J'liese fetes, in which dancing was intro-
duced, were frei|uently as useful to young diplomatists in
the furtherance of |>olitical objects, us in giving un agree-
able relaxation lo their lulsiiirs. -Ml restraint was laid
aside on suih occasions, and piditicians of a iiiulurer age
assembled in groii|M's in various parts of the room, dis-
cussing grave subjects without reserve. The young
wallzers would occasionally stop short near these groups,
und, apparently oi-eupicd exclusively wilii their uniiisc-
inent and their fair partners, would listen attentively to
the conversations of the |H>litieians. A word or sentence
pronounced by any jierson of note, orteii served to govern
diploinulie proceedings in a manner which puzzled uiaiiy
to discover how their thought!) or inteiitions could have
been gnessetl at.
The ICinperor Alexander had o|K'ned the ball with the
Eiiipreas of Austria, by a polonaise, a kind of dancing
march with which the court balls are always begun, in
un adjoining apartment several ineinbers of the corpi
dtplutnnliiiue were seated gravely at the whist table ; a
rciTcation which scemcil tu liavu Ih'Coiuc indisjicnBahle
to their ininiKtcriul lalwurs.
i\ niagniliciMit supper was scrveil up ut twelve o'clock.
The sovereigns sat ilown to the table which had been re-
served lor them, and tlic rest of the company took their
seals al other tables without any observance of etiquette
ir disliiielioii of ranks. These bampiets were always
nagnilleeiit und expensive. It was calculated that up to
the oicasion of which I am speaking, they hud coat the
ein|H'ior thirty millions of llorins. Hut then tlic money
spent in Vn'ima by the strangers, attracted eitlier by
business or curiosity, wus estimated to amount to no less
lliuii a hiindred thousand Horiiis; and every one knows
the means employed by Collxrt to rc|)leiiisli the exhaust-
d eoti'ers of his inaaler.
Soon nrter the sovereigns had withdrawn, dancing
cenwil, ond every one went to seek in rest a new acces-
sion of atrenglh and spirits for pleasures long licforc
marked out by the chain of uniuseinenls provided for
acli successive day.
CIIAPTEIl XI.
.Ncnpollinn iti|iliimHl>ip mid ntlurri — MNiiwikuiii of \hv Arrh-
ilMlrlsMi ( tirthlillB—F.ti llllu's or lllrellnir uinonil llie luirjely nl
\'ieliiia— HIiiiHrhtii ol till' N(U|H(llliiii li-ualiiiii al llle i.'iiii;;rt'fH—
'I'Im* Crater— Mi'eiinx nliti Uie Kni|N.-riii Ali'xnnler and I'rince
Kiiporre.
Ill the midst of atormi I have heard men relate the
cventa of tinit^ past, and I have lent an attentive ear tn
their nnrrulions. Now, when in port, I love to call to
mind anecdotes of tlie celebrHled persunn who have bmii
my fellow passengera in the ditiercnt voyages 1 have
inadu on the great oceun of life.
.\t a breakfast given by Prince Cariati, Murat's ininia
ler at the court of Aiislrin, I found naDcinblcd the Dukes
di Uoeeu Koinana and Cuni|io Cliiuro, Meaarn. Schininn
and (irillilhs, (General Kilangieri, an T'oiint dc Witt.
I'he cnnveraution turned un the line arts, nnd the lirnu-
liful monunients of areliitecturu and sculpture which
adorn the Austrian capital. Among the most remark-
able were cited SI. Stephen, the ei|uealrian statue of
Jose| li II., the tomb of Prince Kiigene, iSkc. Hut Vienna
was acknowledged lo lie richer in inonuinenta of private
alTeclion than in those of public gratitude ; and among
the former wna mentioned one, which waa said In Im; pe-
ulinrly worthy the admiration of foreigners. This was
the inaiisoleiim erected by the Duke of Saxe Tcachen to
the meuiory of his coniort, the Archdutclieaji Cliriatina
.\s some id the party had not vet seen it, they prnpoard
Inking a view of it nnor hreiiklast ; and, na I won curious
to hear llii^ opinion of llieio Uistlnguiahed Ituliuna on
• Till' Prlnri'* I'slrrliary, who nr). nl Ihe lii'sil iirilic Mun||nrlnn
iliiliilllv, nri' nilsiliH die ilrliisl iimIiIciiii'M iiI' Fui(i|N'- 'rili' I'silill)
I'sliili'ii virlil aii'vrniii'oriiiiiti' Ihniilno liiiiiilnil ilioiisniiil |>iiinil«
•nrllitu |H-r niinuiii. TIh' ttenni)' nl' ttii* iitiiiieis t'l'if alluiltil 10,
Is n IIm'uh- or Rcneinl iiiliMilrnt In Ilie llliliesi rlri li«; ■lie nilils ti
lier fN'riMiiml H|its'iitiiii<-i' liy iIh' imiim Rrnri'l'iil niirt CruriiiRiinn innii
iwiB, wliirh are coisiulrraii a inudal ol vhrfanca and tun tm.—Ua.
Ihe e.\i|uisite production of their gilled countryiiian, |
ollired my services as their cir.eioin; We uccordinj,!
repaired lo the church of St. Aiignstin, where, in a mnyj
eha|K'l ereeled fur the purpose, stands Cuiiovu's thoUlSllu|^,
claim to iininorlalily.
.Near tiie summit of u gray marble pyramid, Ihci:|).
eight feet high, an angel hovers, with a medallion, Uj^.
ing the likeness of the lainented arclidutehess. .\ li,,,,
sleeping on the ste|>s of the niausolcuni, guards its ,,'
trance, while thetienius oftirief iH'iidsover tin: lion, in t|,
attitude of proibund meluneholy. Virtue, who bears in ,g
urn the ashes of tlic archdutclicss, guides Innuceiat ;.i.q
Purity to the steps of the inonuiiient; while Charily, m,.
imrtiiig an aged man, directa the stc;'s of a weeping <,;.
plian to the suiietuary of everlasting re|)ose. The liuui,,
are tlie size of lite, and exliibit the most masterly eiuu.
lion.
The cuiiteniplation of tiiis monument excites a iW'in;
of adinirution und nielancholy ; a niingled eiiioiiiiu
which no language can udeipinlcly dcserilM'. The bck,
di Itoccn Itomanu, an enlightened connoisseur of ;,ri
made many judicious olwervulionH on it. Al\cr proisin;
the perfect representation of the tceblenesa of age, in ihg
K^ure of the old man ; tlie ehaato dignity of the ligim
ol Charity ; tlie re|)ose of tlic lion, &.e., ho added : "Boi
even the sun has its spots; and I cannot but condcnii
the spread wings of the (iciiius of Urief, which are u
little in miiaoii witli the complete mental dejecliou a
preased in the attitude."
There in so much poetry in tlie languogc of educaii^
Italians, and they possess audi just and ready discrinu.
nation in all that regards the fine arts, that in listcnini
to the remarks of tlie duke and his friends, I «» 1
thousand beauties in this chef il'auvre, which had bctirn
cseajied my attention, und I seemed to view it now lu
the Hrst time.
There were in the church several other foreigners »lio
like ourselves, had been attracted thither by curiotii;
The eonversntiuu soon became general, and only m
sentiment prevailed, namely admiration.
The habit of meeting each other every day in Vicui
created among persons of dilfercnt countries a son 0'
friendly feeling, which was botli interesting and ogm.l
uble. Vienna is so small a city, and its plavca of publit|
resort so numerous, that |ieopIc no sooner purled lliu I
they met again. Tims, in the space of a few dayn.u I
ucquuintunce was forn)ed which would have rcquin^l
many montJis' growtii in another capital, ond under othnf
circumstances. I
Count de Witt, witli whom I was engaged to dine nl
Princess Snpiegha's, pro|iosed lliut we ehould take a liuil
on the Prater, Is'fore the hour ap|iointeil for diniiir. Ail
some of the gentlemen who hud uccom|ionied us to uSf I
church of St. Stephen were to stay only a few day!:i|
Vieiini, they naturally wished to make the most nf Urtsr
time in seeing every thing that was remarkable in tin I
Austrian capital. VV c nceordingly lel\ them lo ronlinnil
their excursions, while wo mingled with the proinrniil
era in the grand ulley of the Prater, which every dayul
three o'clock wns the resort of oil the rank and bcautvii|
Vienna. The Englisliwomcn were remarkobic for comIiI
dress, the fair Poles for elegance, and the German liiliii|
for simplicity. I
On the way our conversation turned on the dillituil
sittmlion of the Neapolitan legation at the congrrKs. Tttl
coimt shrowdly analysed the characters of the |s'ri«i|
eom|Mi«ing it, and gave to each, individually, full rrril
for a fund of good faith, which deserved to he eiM|ilonir
in n iH'tter cause. " I renlly pity," said he, " the |ie('uliir|
INisition in which they stand ninnng un. They arr|»|
sent nt nil the fetes nnd parlies : fur every body lliink!i
an indisiiensable murk of eiiiirlei,y to send them intiitl
tions, wlilcli they coni'eive it tn 1h' llieir duly to arrr|(l
Hilt they must U) blessed with a good share of rourif
lo enable them tu endure the reserve with which I
nre treated ; they Be«-ni lo form a sort of foi/is iliflt
<IVM( apart ; and their isolaied iMwitiun is reiidrmili
more eonapieuoua by their cimluine. The dress c(i
court of Naplea ia always aplendid ; for the king, lakia
the very op|ia«ltc extri-me to that adopted hy bis hnllii
in-lnw, diaplaya aa much eti(|UCtlo in Ilia dress >< I'
other nlK-eta simplicity. I am particularly sorry lix H
Duke di Cain|K> (liiarn and Prince Cnriali, whose inm
tions are honourable and u|iright, but who must nrn
rily conlriid unsueeessl\illy iigninst the iM'rfuhoun r
aellnrs who circumvent their King nnd nre j>re|Hirin{ Il
ruin. Casllerengh olwerved tn me, the oilier dav, II4
the conduct of Murnt would infallibly cost him lii^i
Still, however, aa long as he is ii|k>ii the throne, Il t*
Ih' but right to abatnin tVom indecorous inveelivFa{i
a mail wliusv ili'VutvU rank uuglit tu shield him froi^
kii'
AT TIIK CONtiUESS OF VIENNA.
1»7
couiitryiiiaii, I
Vc iiti'oriliinn
:iuri', in n mii«;;
IVU'S tllUUMllul'^j
^rainid, Ibimj.
lUCilaHion, kat
tcllCSB. A llct,
, guards its u,.
i;r tin: lion, iiui,.
who Irt'ars iiiij j
s Iimotinc-i ;,;
lileCliiirily.sn
of a weciiijn; •
osc. Till' (\i\ua
. maBtcrl)' I'ltcu.
. excites a iVtlui
iiingleil iiiiulion,
^rilM'. 'I'l'i^ I'lik'
nnoissiMir of ;n '
i. After proisiiif I
^ess of agi', in the I
;nity of lilt ligiiK I
I, ho added : " Bui
inot but condciui I
ricf, which arc u |
•nUl dejcclimi ■■
Tuagc of cducalM I
nd ready discrina. I
I, that in li»teiimj |
J frienda, I
r, whicli had bel'ott I
to view it no* l« I
ther foreigners »1»
hillicT by euriotils 1
lerol, and only o» |
ion. ,
every day in >iciii,il
countries a mwil
lercBling and ngml
il its placcii of puWn |
, sooner imrttd lln
,. of a lew tiny*."!
ould have rc<)Uirf<l
lital.and under ollrn |
L8 engaged lo imv
c ehould take a luTi
[iili'd for diniiir. Ai
;com\)an)rd ustolln
, only a few days a
ike tlic most of Uks
remarkable in tin
[left them to rontina
with the proiiwiiii
,, whieheverydaya
U rank and braulvaj
.markablc for co«!!
id the German \ti»\
Irned on the difficii
lat the congrcw. Tli
Icters of the iHr"""
Idividiially, f"" "*
erved to W einjiM
laid he, " the 1«™1«
r u». 'i"h>7 •"■ n
.overybo«ly think" '
^to «iid them in'*
lllieir duly to tmf-'
mkI Hhare of oourjfl
|rvc with which'
Vrt of r017.11 tltfii
lition in reiidfrrJ
.. The drew «
for the king, t«*'
|loi>l<'d by bin hf"*'
I ill hi« d"'"' "'
licularly wrry loi
ll'nriati, whowini
|ut who muni ni-i
the iwrfidiou' "
kml are i.rei«tiiis
1 the oilier day,"
ll'v eoiil him hi'
III the Ihroiie. il »
Iroim iiivrelive «r
lo .hieW 1"'" ''*
I, Besides, the very fact of our having iirofited by tlie
* 'l „i' Miirut when il was necessary to us, should
"ow be an inviolable shield to him ; for had the King of
N;il.l.s allorded to Napoleon tliu sup|K)rt which he gave
' [j^ii in iirubahle that we should not now hear the
di<d;'iiili'l expressions which arc addressed to him, as
«l'' iis tu his representatives at the congress."
'i'lie dav was gloomy, and the Prater was but thinly
alleiidid. ' However, wc met the Emiicror Alexander
, jlkiii" with I'riiicc Kugciie. The friendship which
i!,jl iiumarch entertained for the viceroy, and of which
' rave him so many aHictioiiate proofs ut the time of the
l' innw Jusepliinu's death, seemed to increase daily. Il
« 1,' ran' t» sec .Mcxander unaccompanied by Eugene.
\i hvehc o'cloirk every day the czar regularly went out
i jros* il ill a plain tVocit eaat, and called nt the residence
lie, situated on the Wicden Kaisergarten;
, atXcr walking once or twice round the
I "a^ii'iiarls, usually went to set! any curious sights which
Vitiuia ollcrcd, and then repaired to the I'rater.
I II would be unnecessary to seek any other grounds
( i;.r till* friendship than the amiable qualities by which
ll'rincc Kugeiie conciliated every heart. The noble dis-
iKsilioii which that prince had always evinced vyas a
cc'riaiii guarantee for his future conduct. But in an
exalted mind like Alexander's, the misfortunes by which
lii.s interesting young friend bad for some time been as-
lailid, was the loadstone which united llicin more and
iiore ialiiiiately together. Yet this friendship found dc-
Iracturs aiiiniig those who subject every thing to the
ilculatiniis of interest : those, however, who knew and
iipneiated the character of the viceroy, esteemed the
■ui|Kr(ir AUxaiider tlie more highly for the protection
liicii he thus oiienly extended to him.
As we passed his majesty he stopiied for n few mo-
ii'iits to speak to t'ouiit de Wilt. Alexander wore no
itlur decoration tliaii that oi'lhc sword of Sweden, which
as fastened on the outside of his coat. This, I thought,
as a satisfactory augury for the consolidation of the
n» .Swedish dynasty.
The eminTor drew Count dc Witt a little aside, wliici
ve iiie the op|)ortimity of exchanging a (lw words
ith the viceroy ; an<l even those few words were clia-
clcrised by that aniiahility of leeling for which he was
I |»-ciiliarlv remarkable. I had not seen him since my
(St visit to .Milan ; but this was not the proper time for
iiing the conversation, whieh was every moment like-
to Ik' interrupted. Indeed the Kmpi'ror Alexander
V sDoii juinetl us. lie s|M>ko of Lady ("astlereagh's
li, and his lordship's fondness for dancing. " Tliere
nothing extraordinary in that," observed rrinee Eu-
111' ; " (laiieiiig is tlie amusement of all times, and fre-
li'iitly of all ages: Socrates learned lo dance from
jiasia; and at filly-six, Cato the censor danced oftener
1 Lord Caslh'reagh now does." This remark made
I'lniH-ror smile. Alexander's noble and hiindsoine
iiilciiaiiee would have" lioen c '••cdingly imposing but
It an expression of mildness ;em|>ered its dignity.
ic pMsl iialiired attention with wliii'h he listeni'd to
ii'plies that were addressed to liiin captivated all
I whiini he conversed. He was adored by those who
ved the honour of his intimacy ; and the simplieity
liis manners, together with his easy |iolituncss and
iiutry, won all hearts at Vienna.
'0 oviiid the embarrassment of precedency of rank
iiijt the sovereigns, the EmiM-ror Alexander pro|M)Bed
il Khould be determined by age. 'I'hc moiiarehs
irdin^'ly took their rva|HJclivu roiiki in the following
r :—
I. King of Wirtonihurg, born in 1751.
'J. King of Itavuria, ITSt!.
II. King of Denmark, 17G8.
I. Vjii|Hror of .\u8lria, 17G8.
.'1. King of Prussia, 1770.
li. Kiii|ieriir .\lexander, 1777.
iDiiiit de Witt and I did not long enjoy the gratifica
larising from our interesting rencounter. It wns in
pi'lril hy Princess de la Tour el Taxis, who alighted
lifr carriage to accost the Emperor Alexander
l|iiln('ess, who is sister to the late Queen of Prussia,
tko di>tinguished for the graces of her person nnil
limiiiipliiiliiiienU of her mind. The ein|><>rur ami
Kn^rine having each offered her his arm, the
Il m\ I withdrew to prolong our walk as flir as tin
Vlans.
»)' were going along I imule mime inquiry alsuil
J'.iilaing. " .\h !" exclaimed the general, " your
In;""":"'. Ma foi I if ailvaneenient be the nutura"
<|iniiu' (if Hie law of motion, I will answer for bis
'. "n under me. Ity way of beginning, I sent him
it>y as a courier lo Si. Pelcriburg. Ho will find
sledges on the frontiers ; and he will have an oppiirluiiity
f idiiipariiig his quiet |R'destrian pilgiiiiiage to Vi< iiiio
with his sliding journey I'roin Vicuna lo St Petirs-
hurgh."
'i'hc Emperor Alexander liuil given Coiint de Wilt
some orders relative to a military Ic-lival, whieh was lo
take place on u very lirilliaiit scale. Dc Witt entered ni
a long string of observations on the ninvemeiils ol' regi-
meiils, maiueuvrcs, plans of campaign, KVe,; (tetail^
which he thoroughly imderslond ami lovi'd to eun\ersi*
about. The Emperor .Vh'.vander's olficcrs, thoiii;h most
of them were still very young, had already made so
many campaigns and taken part in so many hatllis, thai
war had heeonie their clement, and they spoke of it liki
veterans reposiiii: on their laurels. I might easily have
recorded in iiiy notes tlie versions yiveii hy my friciiils
of the operatimis of the difrerent armies during the la.'>l
ten yeais of the war. Dili my objict was lo write !
book of uniuseincul, and not a treatise on military tae
tics. 1 recollected the observation of the Prince dc
Ligne : " 'I'liat there is as little lo Ih' gniiird hy weary-
ing llie French as by amusing the I.aeedemonians."
t.'M.\FTEU XII.
Prince "'laliri'inhi rg— I'riiii'i' Paul ^apii'iilia and ^lillce^s Sniiii'^lia
— Moie ri'iiiHrks rrlilllve lo PolHit t — KiiHcillsko.
Memory is the bei)uest of the past to the present and
the future : it is a treasure which remains when every
other is lost.
Conquered nations are deprived of their inde|K'iuIcnee,
their prosiierity, and even their names ; but the voice of
meinory passes over the ocean of ages, and elevates to a
sphere of immortality Uie glory of their sages and
heroes.
When I arrived at Princess Sapieglia's at the hour ap-
pointed for dinner, I met Prince Stahremhi^rg just goiii;;
out. lie had declined the primess's invitation on ac-
count of a previous engagement with Lord Stewart.
I hud nol had an opportunily of paying iiiy resjiects
to the prince since my arrival in Vienna, and he accept-
ed my apologies with his usual goml natured |Hiliteness,
which was aeeoin|Kiiii<'d hy an air at oiue dignified and
easy. I enquired after his faihily, whose arrival he daily
expected. " I am glad," said he, sinilinjr, " to fmd tlial
you have not forgotten them." " 'i'iic kind attentions i
received iVom tlieiii," replied 1, " would have sutlieed to
fix them in iny recolhcthui, independently of the extra-
ordinary circumstance connected with my first uilrmluc-
lion nt the castle of ." " Pray, w hat is that ex-
traordinary circumstance 7" enquired i'rinee Supiegha.
" I will leave Monsieur lo lell it you," said the princess;
" his memory ap|K'ars to Ik' very retentive."
Stime of the princess's friends now entered ; among
the numlier were Princes Lubomirski nndZerlwerlinsky
(chamberlains to the Emp<'ror Alexander), Counts Zavii.
duwski and Koinar, the beautiful (.'ountess Rosalie Ileze-
wouska, Mr. Mctzcl, Cciieml Krneinsky, I'rinee Paul
Sapiegha, and a .Monsieur Aide who was regularly met
every where. Prince I'aul, the princess's cousin, was
the same who distinguished himself in all the battles in
whieh ll.c Poles had Ihcii engaged. He was deeply
enamoured of his cousin, and lie has proved that a pro-
found attachment may liecoiue the source of llie nobh-sl
actions. His niihl and dignified countenanec assumed
an animated expression whenever he alluded lo his coin
rades or his country. Shortly after the congress lie was
united to his cousin,
Al table, the conversation at first turned on the amuse
ments of Vienna ; a fertile field, for they varied almost
dally. From lliu eurrenl aneedotes of the day, we pro.
ecetlcd to discuss more serious siihjeets, and very nutii
rally dwelt 011 the fat(^ of Poland, whieh is always and
every where up|K'rmnst in the thoughts of the I'oles.
Much was said resjioeting the chances which the new
organisation of INihind presented for the future happi-
ness of the country. 'I'lie measure was considered umier
every (lossible fiirm ; and some doubts were expressed
rea|N'cting the sincerity of the promises that had Ih'cii
made, and tlu- (lossihility of their execution. This litlli
feeling of distrust was neither to lie wondered at nor
eondcinned. 'I'hc I'oles have Ujcii often enough llic vie
tiilis of iheir blind credulity. " However," obsirved
/ertwertinsky, " the conurcsa has deterniliied that the
Poles, who are the re«|K:ctive subjects of Kiissiu, Auslrin,
ami Prussia, shall ohtaiii uallomil iiisllliiliuns reKulaled
according to llie sort of |Mililieul exislence which those
governments may think pro|H.'r to grant lo lliem. This
lielermination is at h'ast generous. Il enables us to um-
hraec a shadow of our country, and we shall no longer
sev our rounlrymcii wandering abroad, uiicvrtaiii wheri
to find a ri sting pi.ite." i \enliired lo desenhe the eeii-
\> i.^alioii "f tin prmdiiii; eveiiiii); liitueiii M. Ncrvos-
^il.''of and the I'riiice de i.igin', ami i quoted from me-
mory some passagts wliieli the lOmperor .Me.\amh r had
writtiii in ills own hand on liie niaiiuseri|it project of the
eoll^litlltioll.
" 'i'his is siiirteieiilly consolatory," said (u-ueral Ivra-
I'insky ; " for it is with nations as with individuals, little
eircuno-taiiees fre(|iieiilly di terininc iheir I'iile. 'i'hese
eii'i-iiiiistiuues slioiild be sei/.ed on and tuiiied to good
ueeount, for they occur only at distant intervals. Per-
haps the hour of our re(ri ii< ration has arrived, and w ill
make us lorget that monstrous dismeiiiberiiieiit, the first
attack upon the e^i^tellee of nations since tlie dou iifall
of the Itoiiian empire, and the great imurtions of the
northern harliarians."
" i I'xpeet shortly to sec koseiiisko in Vienna," suiil
the Countess iiosalle. " Our Paris friends being of opi-
nion that his pre.«enec here nii|;lit he serviei able lo the
interests of our eouiilry, requested him to eoine. lie
imniediately acceded to our wishes ; mid I doubt not that
his advice, which will he given in the noble confidence
of truth, will have great weight with our king ; tor the
emperor has always eiiteiiuined u liicii esteem fiir him."
" When I lately left ivoseiiisko at I'aris," said I'riiicc
iiuliomirski, "he gave me the copy of a letter which he
had addressed to the emperor, and which breathes senti-
ments of the most devoted patriotism, lie formerly re-
sisted NaiKileon's cllbrts to render him the instrument of
a general insurrection. lie fiiresaw that it would he at-
tended by no iKlter icsults than those which have al-
ready followed our many fruitless sacrifices. He now
thinks the moment more favourable for fixing our future
destiny, and he expresses his hopes and wishes in his
letter to the enqHTor. .\s i hap|H'ii to have il about me,
I will, with your iKrmission, read il.
" 'Sire, — If i venture from iiiy retirement to address
iiiy urgent prayers lo an exalted monarch, it is iK'cause
I regard us the greatest of men hiiii whose magnaiiiinily
equals I'is genius. In the confidence whieh thiseonvie-
lioii inspires, I supplicate that your imperial mujesly,
the benefuclor of mankind, will grant an unrestrieled
amnesty to I'oland ; that the peasants now in foreign
eoimlries may he frie on reluriiiiig to their native land ;
— that your majesty on declaring yourself king of Po-
land, will give her a eonstilulion simil.ir to that of (ireat
Ihituin; — that public scIkhiIs, fiir the instriiethin of the
isasantry he established and maintaiiied out of the liiiids
of the regency ; — that slavery shall he aliolished in ten
years, and at the expiration of whieh lime every laliourcr
iKcoine the owner of a piece of ground, which he has
himself eiihiviitcd.
" ' Should my prayers be listened to. Sire, I have only
one more Inion lo ask, which is, thul I may be permitted,
Ihougli ill, lo come and throw myself at your feet, to
take the first oath of fidelity to you, and to render that
homage due to you as my sovereign, and the bt iiefaetor
of my country.'"
"'1 his," exclaimed the Counless Rosalie, " is worthy of
Kosciusko. His heroic patriotism will, no doubt, be duly
appreciated by the sovereign who said, — ' May peace
and eoiitenl onee more reign Ihroiighoul the world ! may
every nation derive happiness from its ow n laws and go-
vernment ! may religion lie rcsiseled, and the arts and
sciences eneouraged fiir the (reiieral lienefit of mankind"
These noble words of .McxanihT will he fiilfilled. Kos-
I'iusko will recall them to his miijesly's recollection."
" What did Kosciusko suy," enquired Prince Paul
Sapiegha, " lo the story which has recently appcareil in
the public pu|K'rs, and which redounds so hifrlily to his
honour ?" — " In spite of his inodesly," riplicd Prince
Lnlsimirski, " I could plainly |K'reeive lliut he was
pleased with that uiiquestioiialile mark of the res|K'el in
which he is held." " Hut is the slorv as related really
true?" — " The facts are these," said llie prime :
"(hi the invapion of France hy the allied trniqis, a
party of eossucks entered a little village, called Cugiiy,
near Ilerville, where they pursued Iheir usual course of
s|)oliation and plunder. "I'liey reached a rural habitation,
and having broken down the fenw which enchised llio
grounds, they imirched towards llie house. At the door
lliey were met by an idd man, w ho endeavoured lo |Hiinl
out lo them Ihe injustice and erui'lly of Iheir unsohlier.
like eondiiel. Hut the lawless lioriie, brandishing their
s|H'ars over his head, declared Iheir determinalion lo pil.
hiire the eotluge. ' Sihhers,' suid the <dd man, uncover-
ing his hosom, Hhirli was scarred by wounds, ' you must
res|«el the duelling of a soldier, or dishonour yourselves
by a crime.' — ' Who are you V said Ihe leader of the
I'ossacks, ' who know our luiiguuge, and dare presiimo
lo address us thus ?' — ' I um Kosciusko !'.... Dn hear-
4% :''i|
,t ■ < . Ill
1
«»
;fll»^
■;"i
^ '%
IfiR
JOimNAI. OF A NOniiE:»IAN
■I s**.5,, .,
v.;
Si"' :.
iiig llml namr, wli'u'li is symmyiiious will) (.'l"ry iiiiil vir-
till', till' snvnf,"' soldirrs threw tlu'iiisclvcs at the hrro'M
fci't, and irii|il»rc(l liis parilon."
" This aiiccduti'," said the Countess Unsalie, " is the
nnhlcst ciiliifriiiin tlmtean Ih^ prnnninicnd on Kosriimka.
The most eloquent langnafre eould not convey a more
exalted idea of tlio aiibliinitv of liis diaraclcr."
" A similar tcstimonal ol res|M'Ct," ohiMTYed I, " was
iiliown by the enemies of fxiuistlic XIV. and ofFnineo,
to the author of Telemaelius. When tli<'y ravnped our
provinces, tlicy spared only the |)ONsessious of the im-
mortal hisliop ot ('ambray." " Those may will lie
proud," said I'rincess Sapicjilin, " who enn call such
men thiir (•ountrymen. One feels elevated in one's
own estimation by havinjr sprung from the soil wliieh
gave them birth."
" .\s so4m as PlatnfT discovered the abode of Koscius-
ko," resumed Prince liUlmmirski, " he directed a j,'uard
of h<mour to lie stationed at his iloor; this mark of re-
spect was no less creditable to tin- ({re.-it man who was
the object of it, than to him who rendered such a lio-
majrc to mode.xt merit."
Kosciusko did not arrive soon cnnujrii to sec the Em-
)irror Alexander at Vienna ; but he met his majesty at
Druntin. Kosciusko liati a lon|r interview with the em-
peror, in v\'hic,h be spoke to him of the object of bis
journey, 'f'he memorable words iittereil on that occa-
»ion by the soverci;r"> "''"' never promised iii vain,
proved how Alexander identified himself with the lio|)eH
of his new subjects.
Oil his return from the conpress of Vienna, Kosciusko
met at Suleiirc bis old friend .M. /eltiier. This circum-
stance induced liim to fix his residence in Switzerland.
The l.'illi of October, 1HI7, was a diiy of eternal mourn-
iiig for Poland. Kosciusko died at S>leurc of a nervous
fever, in the arms of his friend Zeltner, regretted by all
the inhabitants of the canton, and above all, by tlie un-
Ibrtunalc whom he loved to collect around him.
When, on the 3Ist of t)ctol)cr, the last honours were
rendered to the Polish general in the ("burch of Saint
Kocb, in Paris, (Jeneral Iiafayetle seized the op|>orlunity
of expressing the attachment and rcspi'Ct lie had always
ontnrlnined for his old companion in arms. The numer-
ous friends to whom Kosciusko's noble ipialities had en-
deared him during a long residenci? in France altcndeil
bis funeral, and seemed to dejilore his loiis like that of a
brother.
Men who have defended the laws of their country,
without dishonouring the just cause by any unworthy
net, well deserve a tribute of public homage at th<^ mo-
ment when the tomb closes over their mortal remains.
Kosciu'ko was honoured, even by the sovereigns against
whom he had bonu^ arms in detence of liis country.
Mefi)re the company rose from talili- riubtmiirski pro.
posed the health of the Polish hero ; a toast which, of
i;ourse, met the cordial approbation of all present.
During dinner |>olitics were discussed; but when the
ilesscit was laid. Princess Sapiegha pressed me to relate
the anecdote to which Prince StabremlK'rg had alluded.
" It imssisRcs no interest, madam, to any one but nw," I
rcjilied : " I doubt whether it will atford you the least
lunuBcntcnt However, if such bo your wish, you elmll
Jiear it"
CIIAPTKR XIII.
Ani>cilnlc< nllniliil to hy Prliirr PinlitemlHri!— Ruins nf narnslcin—
l'nfi|H>fii>il nievutip Willi n lH>iiiitii'tii joiiiiu iilrl uiimim it'ciii—
llur jir.tsriicu tlii.Tt: ucrimiili'il liir.
" When I sit ilown to collect my scattered recollections,
I am carried back in iiiiagiinitioii to scenes which I shall
certainly nevir sei' again ; and tc'el revivi'd those dreams
of early lile to wliieli I owe so many di liglitfiil hours.
If these sketches Hboiiiid in romantic iiiciilents, it is Ih'-
caiise Biicli incidents have lM:en of frcipient occurrence
(luring my life.
" .Miniit two years ago, some inijiorlant business
which till banking-lioiKe of Toiirtoii and Kavil had to
transact with Prince .StnlireinlM'rg imliiced the head of
that firm to go to Vienna.
" On leaving the Austrian cnpilal, M. Tonrton, who
linil Iseii long my banker and friend, pro|)OKi d returning
to Paris by the way of .Munich. At that time I also in-
tended to visit llavaria, and I joyfully accepted .M.
Tonrton's offer to travel with liini,
" Prince ."^taliremls-rg, wishing to net off to his coun-
try residi nee Is'llirc the business was finally arrnngei!
with M. Tourton, iii\iled the latter to slop on bis way to
Munich nl the caslln of •>•••, sifiialed on the exlreme
frontier of Ausfris. The prince, on learning that I was
to be M. ToRrton's Iruvelling eompanioii, |Hilili ly in.
eluded iiic in the invitation ; and a few days ofterwards
we set off on our journey.
" In cnnscipience of an accident wbicli liap|icncd to
our carriage, we were obliged to stop at KiiimcrBdorf,
and, according to the custom of travellers, I asked what
there was worth seeing in the town and its neighliour-
hood. ' Very little in the town,' replied our jiustcsa ;
' but |>crhB|>s you have never seen the ruins of the castle
of Diirnstcin, which all travellers visit who pass this way.
You of course know that it is the place in which Richard
("iriir de Lion was confined; and if you woubl like to go
and see it, I will send you a guide.' 1 accepted my laiid-
laily's offer, and asked M. Tonrton to acconipany me ;
but lie bail some accounts to reviw, and he liegged me
to excuse biiii.
" .\tler crossing tlic IHiiulio in a little Imal, kept at
this place tiir the acconimiulatioii of travellers, I ascend-
eil, with considerable dillieulty, an almost |M'rpeiiilicnlar
rock com|)osid of huge masses of granite. Its base is
washed by the river, and on its summit stands the easth'
of Duriislein.
" The banks of the Damilie arc celebrated for the di-
versity of their pieturesipie scenery ; but to describe the
biaiity of this |>articular s|iot v\'oulil reiiuirc the pencil of
a Claude or a Unysdall. The grand s|H'Ctaclcs created
by the baud of natni'c seem to acquire new lustre from
historical associations. 'I'hus while 1 gazed on the ruins
of Unrnstein, I fancied I saw hovering around them the
shades of the great Saladin, Frederick Kcd Ik-ard, Philip
of France, the Knigbts of St. John aiidtlie 'I'einple, who,
from the desi-rtji of Syria, came to render homage to Uie
courage of Plantagcnct Cn.ur do I/ion.
' Since the year IBlfl, when llie Swedes made them,
selves masters of this castle, it has been nothing but a
heap of ruins, now |>artly eoncealeil by ivy. However,
the tower in which Richard is said to have been confined
still exists entire.
" I had considerably outstripped my guide in my im-
patience to reach the scene of lilondel's devoted fidelity,
and of Ibv love of .Margaret of Flanders for the illustri-
trious prisoner. You may imagine my surprise when,
at the entrance of a cavern dug in the rock (wliich is
said to have been Richard'y dungeon), I beheld a young
female, whose exquisite beauty seemed to realise all tliat
imagination can conceive. She appi-arcd to lie about
sixteen years of age. The dazzling fairness of her com-
plexion was shaded hy the blush of modesty. A girdle
encircled her slender waist and confined a light rolic of
muslin, while some ringlets of bi'autiful fair liair waved
over her forebeail, and descended in graceful clusters
ujion her neck of alabaster. Sho had in her hand a
small drawing and a porte-crayon. She glided past me
so rapidly that I had not time to utter a word, even if I
eould have presumed to do so; but the mute language of
my eyes must have sutficiently expressed my nilmiratioii,
Sill! descended a jiath cut in the rock, and I followed her
with my looks as long as shu continued in sight ; — nay,
I stood gazing after her even when the little trees and
shrubs which here and there cluster on the mountain
had concealed her from my view. On recovering from
my reverie, it seemed as it tliu U^autifiil object whom 1
had just Is'lield was all I had come to see. With her all
the interest of the scene had vanished. The cavern, that
moniimi nt of tieacliery, seenu d like a temple, the presid-
ing deity of which had for a moment revealed her jire
scncc, and then disappeared. Thus are the most jiowcrful
cinntinns excited by the most simple cause*.
" I hastily made a sketch of the ruins, without stop-
ping to read the innnmerable names inscribed on the
stone walls of the tower, or the versi's in various lan-
guages, which I saw traced on the projecting masses of
rock. I ileseended the mountain, anxiously hoping to
catch another glimpse of the beautiful incognita; but I
saw no niori' of her. I reached the liiuit and gained the
opposite bank of the river, dreaming on what now a|i-
peared to me to be a vision of anoUier world.
" Aller reimmeratiiig my guide, I returned to the inn,
where ,M. Tourton informed iiic, with no snnll mnrlifiea
tioii, that our carriage required more repairs than had
at first Is'in siipiHiM'd, and that we could not leave Fm-
iiierMlorf that night. I sat down to finish my sketch of
Durnsteiii, and 1 showed it to M. ToiirtoiH at the same
time relating to him my delightful advi iitiire of the
morning. ' 'I'ravellers, |H)ets, and |iiiinlers,' said he,
' have the privilege of sieing wonders every where, and
I slionid not Is; Hiirprised if, Don Qiiixotclike, you have
inistaken somenidiiy milkmaid for a heroine of roinanee.
However, your sketch is very pretty, niid on your return
to Paris, you may coiiipurc it with that madi' by Henon,
from which the Thralrr h'ti/drau copied tin) scene for
Circtry's opera of Richard Cicur dc Lion.'
" Next morning at duy-brcak we eontlniii d our jonrncr,
passing along u iH-aiitiful road Isirdervd with Irrci In
full blossom, which shed the mott delicious |icrfunir, TV
beautiful prosiiects which arc every where visible liituriii
tlie trn.'s rt^ndcr tllis |>art of Lower Austria a rcrfix:
paradise to tlie traveller.
" My companion, who was much fatif^ucd, having m
up the whole of tlin preceding night, fell asleep ini
corner of the carriage, and left nie to muse uiidii^turlicill(
on the object which hud so greatly cbariiicd nir, uil
from which I now thought myself si-|iarated for ever.
" Four good burses and a liticrul allowance of trillk|^|li
to our (lostilions, soon enabled us to clear tv^clvc (Irraun
|iosLs ; and ut five o'clock we reached the cnstle of I'rii.i,
StabremlK-rg. The prince received us with all the rt,r.
dial hosjiitulity lor wliich be is distinguished. lie |ii|„.
self conducted us to our cbamls-rs, where we fninc
taste and splendour combined with those contfoiti «hi(,i
the prince had brought with him from Fngland, (Inn
he hud king resided as ambassadnr. 'Now, grntlrmu.
said the prince, ' I Iio|m' you will dispense vkitli ceri'npor.;
We dine at six o'clock ; and when you have finislHj
dressing, I shall \k happy to present you to my faiiuit
" We were not long at our toilet, and on drwfui
ing to the drawing-room, we found the princi-N> audi
few ladies assembled. The prince immediately intri.
duced us : — but what was my astonishment, on adv-iiitit.
to make my bow to the princess, to m-c, seated toMw
iier the saiiie lovely girl whom I had met tllc prectiii:;
day at the ruins of Durnstein ! So great was my nmu.
niciit, that I could not repress an exclamation, which i/
course not a little surprised the com|nnr. The princnt
for by tiiat title she was now introduced to mc, aiipnm
no less confused than I, I thought the best way to |M
an cud to this embarrassment was candidly to cipka
the cause of it. ' .Madum,' said I, addressing Prinm
Stahrenilierg, ' (lermit me to ajiologisc for an eicluc.
tion which must have apiicarcd to you very citracit.
nary. The trutli is, I could not help licing astuul-lu
at unexpectedly ineeling here a young lady wlHm !
could (were it not inqiossible) almost swear I sau vt<.j
terday at the ruins of Hurnstiin.' ' Yes, maniina,' iu{
the young princess, colouring, 'the gentleman i» qts
right. While the carriage was getting ready I ascfialKl
to the castle in order to finish a sketch of one ol' Dil
views of the Danulic, and at the entrance of lliilii*
Tower I met this gentleman.' ' That rencounter in>{
lie easily accounted for,' said Prince Slalircinbcr|>. 'Ti
house ut the foot of the mountain belongs to ine, inul
princess and my daughters IcU it yesterday cveiilnr
join ine here. The only diHerence is, that the Ini
travelled in the night, and you, gentlemen, in tlie ibi
" The announcement of dinner put an end tn tit
planation, but not to my surprise ; and tliougli Uie
qilet was seasoned with interesting conversation,
sjM'rsed with those lively anecdotes which the fin
knows so well how to relate, 1 could tliink of m
but the singular adventure I had just eneonntenil.
dinner was followed by a delightful evening. Il'
lieeii struck with the Is-auty of the young priuct*
first sight, I was now enabled to admire and oppml
her aceomplishmcnl.H, Thniigh endowed with tiku
a KU|x;rior order, and iicssessing acquirements fur laj
her years, she was devoid of every thing like alfiTlv
or vanity. To her might jiistjy be applied the liix
Fontenelle: — On rami a tout apftiii, hoimi$a /iJw'J
e^ftt ctptmlani ctijue. toui iiitc» le mitux.
" M. Tourton merely wanted Prince Plulirrmk!
signature to some |iaiiers : conscipicntly all wos irni
in the course of the evening, and next day wc Ir:'
castle, which, probably, I may never see ogam:
where I certainly jiaKsed a few of tlic happiest Ihj»|
my life."
"Here," said Count Zaradnwski, "you li«t'
L'rounihvork of a comic ii|M'ra ready pre|iared. Ii
the unity of lime if not the unity ot iilaee, and il
\k sure to suceeed in Vienna, where it is no uiirma
filing to see one drnmutie subject divided into llim
fi'reiil [Mirfs, and performed on IhiiT dilUrcnt uii
Your draiiin has two distinct parts, and you niilt
the third, with the usual ilinmmnrnl of a marriar
now ynii are returned to Vienna to find your litn
" Such gratifying iltnnutmrnf" olvcrveif tlio fii'
"haveollen Is-eii brought alsiiit without so syiiij
a comineneement." " Vou may jest," soid I, win
you please ; " but nil your merriment canni.t huM
charm which in my mind is connected with tlic
lion of this incidenl."
'J'l;o princess now niljourncd to tlio drattlM'
where the Coimlcss Lonsknronska and seiTnl
ladies were assembled. (JoH'eo and icn were
When wo
had already asi
less than eigh
when the cum
various ainiisci
merous as it w:
allotted to tlioir
Tlio first pen
B-aa walking w
short, and the
•Imnst under I
llm incnnvenie
gratifying to tli
My two coin)
anre, that I wa
joined (iriflitbs
ttU-v* near one
could observe tl
imdorf Ihe vast
to the incognili
balls led tlioni li
imlity of prival
empty doinonsti
niaa of affection
coiiiniiiiileative,
rouki, for a wliili
Ucaidca, the liab
<v«cks liad con.''
liriy in a plueo I
approacli liis sovi
iatliat modern Fl
persons crowded
Mcited by any i
lonirer than thrw
'I'he King of I
Iha latsst arrival
chamberlain, Cou
up lo mc, and oi
king should rotii
one canio bohint
Mid ;~" Well, g,
AT TIIK CONtatRSS OF VIKNNA.
]H0
limiiil our jnnrmr,
urctl willi Utfim
iniis (lorfuiiio. TV
iiTi" vmibklHUon
AuKtria a ffrittt
iit'iKUcd, liavinn nt
lit, fcU oi<l<€(> in*
niUHC uiiilisturli(4lT
i- cimrincil iiir, tud
imratt'd for I'vcr.
owancc of trinke^U
Icar twelve (Icriim
the ensile of I'rii.i,
lu » ilh all the ti,r.
HfTuishcil. ilc hiui.
», where we foiiM |
lio«e cotnhrU kIikii
oiii Kngliiiiil, «h(^
• Now, pcnUfniir^
x-nHC witlicirt'iiioc;
11 you have fini»l««
t you to my familt
let, aiid oI\ drwfui
1 the priiici'K' tiid i L
• iiinnediatcly inlrtl
slunent, on advantit; [
to MT, »c;itcd tf>l«l
id uiet Uic prm'diLi I
great was my «ma I
c.xelamation, wliithiil
miaiiy. 'I'lif prinoul
luced to me, appcjml
it the b<-st way lofjl
18 candidly tocjiJul
, addrewing Priiwwl
lot;i«c tor an eicljKl
;o you very cxlracTt,|
hel|i lieing aktoiibliul
yonni; lady wlionl*
most swear I saw yi^l
' Yes, niannna,' lul
he gentleman is qfJ
;ttiut; ready I anccwinl
I sketch of OHO ol' hi
entrance of Kicliirfl
'That rencounter nrl
ice Stalircinleri!. '11
iM-longs to me, ami t
it yesterday cvtmnH
nee is, that ••'f M
entlenicn, in thni»t I
r put an end to iIr o
• J and though Uk "
ng conversation, iuld
lotes wliicli thf \t'i
could lliink of noU-
juHt encounteriil.
ilful cveniiiK- |l' '
the young priiHsiiJ
admire and nppnjJ
emiowcd witli liknj
ic<iuireinenl«fnrUtii
•y thing like atfrfliU
he r.pplied the lii"'l
r),i», hoi mi* a f.'*'!
/(• mirux. f
1 Frinco PlulirrmU!^
duently all was «rni(
nd neil day wclf''.
never see »|fain:
if tlie hnppieft 1k-»|
round, ranl-tahles were hiid out, and the compniiv
nd thein!<elves with that Llisenec of formality whieli
w one of tlie greatest charms of Vienna society. Count
ainii!""
14 tflU Wl tl»v» ^i^..--—- — - — - - .-....-- J -
/aradon'ttki prn|KUitd that I should aeconi|uny him to a
kill •) the A|iollo 8aal, and I readily accepted Iho invita-
tion. -Vs I'o'mt do Witt had to go to I'rincess Bagru.
lion's to receive the final orders of the Kin|>eror Alexaii-
(liT n l.uive to the pre|>aratioiis for the iiiilitary fi'te, we
t„,k with US M. Aide, and repaired to the brilliant teiii-
pif of pleasure situated in one of tlie suburbs of Vieiiiiu.
CHAPTER XIV.
Uukifl b.ill nl ihc Ap"!!" i"nnl— The wivireljnf i»<-»/r»il» there—
Tw Kiiw "I" Bavaria— llin parUalliy for Count Ufchborg— The
miiiu'"— *i|i|"'f "' •''" '^i"''
\Ve should receive with indulgence those productions
which wrve to charactcrige the Mianncrs of our times,
ond not be too ilistrustful, lest wo ho unjust By collect-
iiiff a few li|;ht or gracetul iketches of manners, and
tracing the portraits of the actors in the great drama of
which wu have been witnesses, wo shall prepare for our
successors a path which will lead them to truth.
I never witncssc<l any tiling e<|ual in splendour and
picturesque effect to tlio scene presented by tlie A|)ollo
Saal on tlie night of the masked ball supper: — it was ab-
solutely the world in miniature. The whole formed by a
union of various and incongruous |>arts, exhibited a
most extraordinary toup iPnU ; and it might lie truly
■aid, that, iu tliis instance, disorder was the liighcst ef-
fort of art.
All the ainuscmsnts which took place at Vienna dur-
ing the cangress woro on a scale of grandeur worthy of
the exalted individuals in whoso honour they wore pre.
pared. The masked ball was a iicrfectly unique enter
lainincnt, and in point of splendour it fully realised
MMne of the most biilliant descriptions in the "Ara
bian Nights."
Th« s|>acioU9 building in which the ontnrtainnient
look place exhibited the most ingenious diversity in fit-
ting up, &.C. There were illuminated saloons, fragrant
groves, Turkish kiosks, and I<apland huts. In tlio centre
of the principal supper-room rose an immense rock,
from whence, amidst clusters of flowers, issued cas-
cades, which fell into basins containing fish. On the
adornniont of this room every possible variety of deco-
ration seemed to havo been lavished, and hundreds of
variegated lamps and wax-lights, sparkling in clmndo-
her* uf crystol, dift'uscd their radiance un every sur.
rounding object.
When wo arrived the chief portion of the company
had already assoinblcd. I was told that thero woro not
]m than eight or ten thousand persons present ; but
when the company gradually betook themselves to the
various amusemcnls of tlio evening, the assemblage, nu-
merous as It was, did not prove too groat for the 8|iaec
allnlled to their reception.
'I'lie first person I met on my entrance was ZIbin, who
was walking with Iho King of I'russin. As Zibin was
•lHirt,aiid the King of Prussia very tall, his head wus
almost under his majesty's arm ; but notwithstanding
lln incnnveiiicncc ot this giosition, it was exceedingly
gratifying to the young enuitier. -
.My two eqmiNUiions met so mnny of their ncqunint-
■nrr, that I was s'loii sRp.iratcd from tlioni. 1 however,
jniiiitl (iriiritlis and Tetlenborn, and we seated our-
seh-cs near one of the doors; a situation in which wo
could observe the whole of the company as they pronie.
iiadod llie vast suite of risiiiis. The freoduni attached
to the incognilo observed by tho sovereigns at public
balls led them to preler these entertainments to thu for.
inility of private court |Hirtios. They gladly oxcliangod
empty demonstrttiuns of respect for sincere tostimo.
ni«> of alieetion. Consequently tliey were aflfable and
coinniunieative, and seemed oven thankful that they
roulil, for a while, lay aside the burden of exalted rank.
Ilcsides, tho habit of eoiitinually seeing them for several
nrtcks had considerably exhausted curiosity, pnrticu-
lirly in a place like Vienna, whore every individual may
■|iproacli his sovereign as ho would his father. Indeed,
in that modern liabylon, important events and celebrated
pfrsmis crowded so thirkly together, that tho interest
ricited by any one in particular did not usually lust
loniier than three days.
'I'lio King of Itavaria and his two sons wore among
the latest arrivals. Ilia majesty was attended by his
chamberlain, C'uunt Charles von Kecliherg, who stepped
u|i In me, and engaged tne to sup with him after tho
king should retire. While ho was talking to mn some
one came behind him, and ^nlly pinching hi* oar,
iiidi— "Well, goiiipor, what «ro you doing tliore?"
I'his was no oilier lliun the King of liavaria hinisell.
On iicrceiviiig him, Teltonborn and I immediately rose,
and Iho kin;;, luriiiiig to us, said, willi thiit air uf good
nature so |nculiar Id him, •' l)o not disturb yonrselves,
I hc]T, ^eiitliMneii ; hut. I assiifo you, it is always thus
with Ihe iiiunl. As suuii as 1 tu'in my head he is off,
and I must perlbrni the oflice of public crier to find him
again." t'ouiil vun Iteclibcrg cvcustd liiiiiself, by ob-
serving tliiit he had une.\|iec'.tcdly met a friend ; and he
easily obtained fnrgivenrss for his litlle breach of duly.
Tho lono of the roinunNtranee, and the pinyliil correc-
tion which aecuinpanied it, sulVicienlly proved how fully
he possessed the alfectiun of his sovereign.
".Ml I" said .Mr. OriUilhs, as soon as his majesty linil
lofl us, " that prince has acquired a cclebrily iif which
time will not deprive him, fur guud kings iiro more iin-
mortal than great ones. The count siiys truly of Maxi-
milian, that when released from tho cares of stale, his
social qualities constitute the delight of his friends."
I soon distinguished amidst the throng the noble
figure of the Prince de Ligne, who, advancing towards
■lie, said, "I am glad 1 .ave found you. "There are
some |iorsons hero to whom I wish you to introduco inn.
I have already been your cicrrsiir, and now you have an
opportunity of paying your debt." — "Willingly," said
1, "prince." I condiiclcd him round the rooms, and
every new surprise elicited from him some of Ihoso happy
remarks which impiirted such magic to his conversa-
tion. "This," said he, "is in the stylo of the fetes
f riven by Prince Potenikin to the Kinpress of Russia in
lis palace uf tho Taurlda, where ho exhausted the
treasures of the empire to prove his atlachmeiit to his
sovereign. It is however to be regretted that all these
decorations are not constructed with the cement em-
ployed by the Romans, which was not conijiosed of
eggs, as fabuhius historians have alleged, but of a parti-
cular kind uf stone, which was calcined and afterwards
reduced to (lowdor."
Wo retired to the billiard-room, which was fitted up
as a Chinese temple. Hero we found the King of Don'
mark, attended only by u single elminborlain. He ac
eoslod the Prince de Ligne with those testimonials of
esteem, which all tho sovereigns evinced for the man
whom their fathers had so highly di.stinguished. The
prince presented me to his majesty, who immediately
recolloclcd iiic, Ihuugli I had not seen him since he was
prince royal. " Have you learned Cerinan," enquired
lie, "since you left Copenhagen?" — "No, sire," I ro'
plied; " but 1 have nut lurgotton the short les.sun which
your majesty condescended to give me." lie kindly cii-
(|uircd lifter my family. "The events which have taken
place within the fiiw last months," said he, " havo been
favourable to their interests. 1 sup|>oso thoy are now in
Franco." I returned thanks for his flntlering enquiries,
assuring liini hnw gratifying tlnn would prove to the
individuals who were remeinber .; ti;' him. His majesty
maintained a conversniion of Mi.' length with the
Prince do l.igiie, which nhbrdod ' ' an opportunity ol
appreciating his amiablo honhotnmie and extensive in-
formation. I observed no change in his jiersonnl up|iear
ance since I Inid last seen him. lie was still pale and
thin, and his hair, which was a light blond nearly ap-
pruaehing to while, was perfectly in keeping with the
peculiar expression of his couiilennnco. In short, I saw
bofuro me precisely the same individual who had for-
merly excited my inorriincnt and my alarm; and whose
cnunloniincu reminded me of a |ioriod of my life when
gratitude for n lienelil cunfurrod by that excollenl prince
uternally engraved his nieninry in my heart.
When his mnjesly had left us, the Priiieo de Ligne
said to me: " Wh.it did you allude to when you 8|>oko of
your first lesson in (icrman .' Ai to the king recollect-
ing you as well as if he had aeon you but yesterday, I
ara not surprised at that. Sovereigns have always
good memories." — " I will toll you iTio littlo anecduin
about my (iei man lesson," replied I, " atanother time."
We entered tho grand bnll-rooni, where we found
kings, generals, and stntesmon, mingled in tho crowd
with persons of very inferior rank ; and here and there
might he seen a princely Alinaviva, who apparently
|lret^^rod thn charms of some simple Rosina to the
studied graces of courtly eo<]UCtlos.
Wo were now joined by Zibin, whom I congratulated
on the footing of favour on which he stood with the
King of l'rusF!ia. " To preservu that favour," said the
Prince do Ligne, "bo sparing of your praises. Tho
time has gone by when kings were to lio caught by
words. Coinplimoiits ri la Luuzun will not captivate
our modern /rfitiis Qnntnrti'S."
In company with several of tho sovarui|(n« wo amused
niirsclves by nliserving sonic uf Ihe cilixnns of Vienna
who were gr.ivoly daiiiing llio minuet ; an indispensa-
ble cereiiiciiiy at all (ierniaii halls. " At Ihe old court
nf Krain'c," said the Princo de f.iuiie, " this used l« bo
man.iged Is^llcr. 1 eannot liilprerrillooliiij.' willi a feel-
ing nf grnliiication the minuet I daiwrd at the <ir:iiid
Trianon willi the ehnrining Maripii>e do Ciiigiiy:
Though a l''reiieliman," added he, "you are yet too
young to belling to lliat seliiMd, and 1 doiihl wliollier Iho
iniiiuet now forms a part of the clioregrapliio study." —
" It still fiirins the basis of that study, prince," replied
I: "yet, if I roinemlicr ri;;lilly, you eliaraclcrise thu
iniiiuct in cuio of your works as a crarf j/ii/d'i/r." — " It
is not fair to lie eternally quarrelling with an author
about words. I have eoni|Kised maxims, without having
u claim to wisdom on that aecniint. 1 may frankly con-
fess that I have described the faults nfoihcrs by observ-
ing my own, and it is not impossihle that I called thn
minuet a grace tlupide after having danced it myself."
" lie that as it may, prince, I think there is a lady here
whose dancing might indute you to alter your opinion
of the minuet. If you please 1 will give you an oppor-
tunity of judging." Then approaching tho Princess of
Ilcssc-Philipsladi, whom I jK-reeivcd with her mother
in tho circle, I said, " Do me tho honour, princess, to
dance the minii(( de la cotir, iu order to convince the
Prince de Ligne that the graces of the grave dance aro
not irrecoverably lo.st." The princess rose, Zibin lent
me his uniform lint, and recollecting the lessons of
Abraham, who had been the young princess's daneing-
masler in Paris, we performed the minuet with tolerable;
precision. Tho prince was charmed, and expressed his
satisfaction to the princess by one of thoso elegant com-
pliments which wore then much envied in Vienna; fur
tho sayings of tho Prince de Ligne already seemed tu
belong to tradition.
Count Rechborg, who hnd collected his guests, was
now searching for me, and litlln dreamed that I was
in thn principal saloon maintaining the honours of thu
classic dance. As soon as I had conducted tho young
{irinccss to her mother, he took mc, together with tho
'rincc de Ligne, and Zibin, into the supper-room, whcro
all his friends had assembled nt table. After admiring
the decorations of the suppor-room, wo pronounced
some well-merited eulogies on tho cooks, then praised
the wines, and at last, as usual, complimented the iVii-
lalile JImpliitrynn. At a table near us were seated
Princo Koslollsky, Alfred and Stanislaus Potocki, and
some other Russians ntlached to the emperor's suite.
A little further oil', I espied Tetteiiborn, Noslil/., llorrel,
and llossn-Ilomburg. Healths were toasted, hon-mots
exchanged, and wit and champngno sparkled in bril-
liant rivalry.
The |irinces of liavaria wore of our parly. I hap-
pened to sit iio.\t to Princo Charles; and my residence
nt .Munidi enabled me lo converse about jier.suiis and
things which were interesting lo us liotb. I reminded
him of the accident at the bridge of the I/.nrd ; an ue.
easion on which ho evinced so much couragn and hu
manity. [In IS13, the breaking of a dylio occasioned a
groat swell of the river Izard. Multitudes of people as-
sc:nblcd on the bridge to witness tlio spectacle : tho
swell of llin water, however, soon increased tusueh a de-
gree of violence nnil rapidity, that the bridge was bro-
ken, and almost entirely w'ashed away. Prince ('harles,
who hap|>encd to be near tho a|iot when the accident oc-
curred, by his eouragciius exertions saved several jicr-
sons fioin an untimely grave. Upwards of three hun-
dred lives were lost.] " And hern we are both at Vien-
na," said he, " surrounded by |iloasuro and amusement.
Really, this seomi a land of enchantment, and one may
say of it, what a clever Frenchwoman said of Paris :
' C'ti/ h lieu dii mtnde oH Von pfut It mieux it pamtr dt
6(mAeur."' — " Certainly, princo, Vienna is a delightful
place to those who have nothing hut amusement to
strck." — "All my family are hero; therefore what elso
have I to seek or to wish for?" — "Oh, nothing, prince,
unless it were porha|M the presence of one who Is now
in Munich." At this allusion the veteran general of
two-and-twenty blushed likn a girl nf fifteen. The
prince royal (now King of liavaria) sat next to Count
Rechborg, who did the honours in his usual agreeable
way. This prince, though loss brilliant than his hrnthor
Charles, is dislinguishcd for learning, for an intimnte
acquaintance with tho literature uf his country, and a
rclinod taste for the arts. The count possesses, in nn
eminent degree, the art of telling a story agrooahly, one
of the greatest charms of eor vcrsation. He has seen
much uf tho world, ond desoribos ably what he has
soon ; 10 that, aided by tho ,(aioly of his iVioiids, thu
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190
JOURNAL OF A NOBLR.HAN
^l*'-''
i fife
t' It?,? ■.;t.
Ruppor HiiH it('li<;litrul. /ivadowski, who aaiil Iw ImH
boon scarcliiiig lor iiic for somi' liiiio, cnmn mid sat by
IMC Two other tabln.i were now jojnfd lo ours, and n.<
tho libationn wnrn in pro|inrlion to the incroiisvd nunihcr
of the irucvts, tlin uinc (lowed I'rccly and tho cunvcrwa-
tioii bei.'aino aniiuatod. "Wc havo not had a display ul
lire-works onionj; the cvpiiinjj's cnlcrlainnioiilH,' naid
tho Prinoo di: I/igrio ; "but tlin nashes of wit that pre-
vail hero make ample uiHonda lor the delicieney." At
length, at a late hour, the party M'parnled, all evidently
disposed to rank the evcninjr nnionjr their nuMt graliiy-
ing rccollcctii)n« of Vienna.
CHAPTER XV.
Infrnihirtloii to Mr. It.— Isnbey's iitiiin-ky lenji — \nrriiw e*fn|H-
IriMII NHlmliiwn'M li;8'-aliiiellt — Siicci-SHl'iil inlein^iteittu of Jo»e-
pliirir.
It is sninetiincs adviaablu not to approach '.^.o cloiicly
to those wlinse rirliios or talents are loudly extolled by
the public voici<. ( )ii a near acquaintance wc lre(piently
incur the risk of seeini; enthiisiasiii jjive place to an op-
liositc sciitiiiient; for lew are able to support the ^ctatot'
a great uunie or a brilliant reputation.
" I must iiitrodiiee you," said Mr. (irilHtlis, when he c.ill-
ed on me one morning, " to a eoiintrymaii of mine, who
now rivals Foneron in giving dinners ; but whose luxu.
rious extravagance bids liiir soon to eclipse the unosten-
tatious comfurluhilily of Foneron's Friday jKirties." [.Mr.
Foneron was on English merchant, wlics aAcr amussing
a considerable fortune at Leghorn, seltlid at Viiiima,
whore he acquired some celebrity by giving every Friday
a true English dinner, at which beef.straks were served
up in a style which might hav<- vied with the London
Beuf-stcak Club, of which the witty Captain Alurris has
been for some years presiileiit. .^Ir. Foneron, who was
hump-backed, niarrie^l a young lady, who, though re-
markable for the lieaiity of her countenance and lier va-
rious aeeoinplishinents, (lossesseil the same detbrmity as
her husband, whom therefore she could not reproach for
his |>ersonal disadvantaires.] Having no engagement, 1
accepted (•rilfiths' invitation to accompany him. On our
way ho gave me some account of the |>erson wc were
going to visit. " His name is R ," said he, " and
that is almost all I know about him. He is one of those
singular anil mysterious beings who, like Counts St.
Germain and Cagliostro, the original models of fortune-
hunters, seem to live on any thing but their own proi>er-
ty. In the course of my [KTegriiiations I have met jiiin
in various parts of the world, anil I have always found
him living on a scale of m.-igiiifieence which denotes, if
not the possession, at least the facility of obtaining
wealth, 'i'he first time I saw him was in India, at the
residence of Lord Coriiwallis. We were then both very
young. K was in the English army, and had dis-
tinguished himself at the taking of Seringupatani. Since
then I have seen him in Egypt, in Sweden, and at Ham-
burg. During the |>cace of Amiens I met him in Paris,
and he then told ine he had just returned from .Moscow.
Now he is in Vienna, living in niagni licence, giving
sumptuous dinners, and keeping the highest company.
But you shall sec him, imd judge of him yourself; for 1
have nil doubt he will invite you to one of his dinners, if
only from ostentation."
As he (inislicd sjicaking we entered the court-yard of
the magnilieent hotel of (^ounl Kosemlwrg, where Mr.
U had fixed liis temporary residence. He received
us with that air of overstrained |H>litcness common to
men whose good breeding is not the result of instinctive
Iceling, or of long and eoiitinucd intercourse with retined
society, lie talked witli great self-iin|iortanco about his
house, |iis furniture, his equipages and his hor.ses : then,
coining to the favourite topic ol his dinners, he gave us
a list of the princes and great men who were his fre-
quent guests ; and, ns (irilHths had foretold, ho concluded
by saying, " Pray, gentlemen, pardon this sliort invita-
tion, and lionour me with ymir eonipany to dinner to-day.
I expect the hereditiry Princes of iJavaria and Wir-
tcniburg, Sir Sidney Smith, (tenerul .loinini, and some
ambassadors and other persons of distinction, whom you
know as well as I." (iritliths, eager to give nie an op-
inrtunity of w-itnessing ono of R 's much-talked of
dinners, accepted the invitation ; and leaving our Am-
phitryon to make the requisiti^ arrangements tor his sere-
nissimo banquet, wo went ulV to amuso nursclvos until
tho appointeil hour.
Af\er making a fow visits, wo called on Isabey, to
see his fino eolloction of portraits, which havo now, in
B groat measure, become hislorical. Wo found him in
his nitlitr, working upon that splnndid picturo which is
destined to connect the name of tho artist with mutt of
tho distinguished characters of his day. In a moment
wo fiiund ourselves surrounded by tlio almost living
likcncssea of all tho colobratcd men and boaiitilul
woinin at that time assembled in Vienna. I saw the
portrait of young Na|Hdoon, which Isoliey was just
liiiisliing when I first met him at Scliicnbrun; also a
likeness of tho Prince de Ligne, animated by. all the
line expression of the original, and a full-length of Na-
poloon himself, walking in tho gardens of .Malinaisnn.
" Then bo really had the habit of walking with bis arms
crossed in this manner '" said I. " Dnquostionably,"
replied Isabey ; " and that, logctlier with his other re-
inafkablc habit of stooping his head, at one time well
nigh proved fatal to me. During the consulato, I had
boon dining ono day with some of Bonaparte's young
aides-de-camp at .Malmaison. At^er dinner wo wont
out on tho lawn fronting the chateau, to play ut leap-
frog : you know that was u favourite college game o!
ours. I had leajicd nvor the heads of sovcraT of my
companion.s, when, a little further on, beneath an ave-
nue of trees, I saw another, apparently waiting for me
in tho requisite position. 'I'liinking I had not yot com-
pleled my task, I ran forward; but unlbrtunatoly miss-
ed my mark, springing only to the height of his neck.
I knocked him down, and wo both rolled along the
ground to the distance of at least ten yards. What was
my horror on discovering that the victim of my unlucky
blunder was no other than Bonaparte himself! At that
period he had not even dreamed of the |iossibilily of a
tiill; and this first lesson was naturally calculated to
rouse his indignation to the utmost degree. Foaming
with rage, he drew his sword, and had I not proved my-
self a better runner than a Icajicr, I have no doubt but
ho would soon have nindo an end of me. He pursued
ino as fur as the ditch, which I s|)oedily cleared, and,
fortunately for me, he did not think fit to follow my ex-
ample. 1 proceeded straight to Paris ; and so groat was
my nittrm, that I scarcely ventured to look liehind me
until I reached the gates of tho Tuilories. I iinme-
dialely ascended to Madame Bonaparte's apartments,
for tho persons of the household were accustomed to ad-
mit me ot all times. On seeing my agitation, Josephine
at first concluded that I was tho bearer of somo fatal
news. I related my adventure, which, in spite of my
distress, appeared to her so irresistibly comic, that she
burst into a fit of laughter. When her merriment had
somewhat subsided, she promised, with her natural
kindness of heart, to intorcodo with the consul in my
behalf. But knowing her husband's irascible temper,
she advised me to keep out of the way until sUo slinuld
havo an opportunity of oppcasing him, which to her
was no very dilficult task ; for at that time Na|ioleon
loved her most tenderly. Indeed, her angelic disposition
always gave her a powerful ascendancy over hini, and
she was froqiiently the means of averting tho-ie acts of
violence, to which his ungovernable temper would other-
wise have driven him.
" On my return home 1 found lying on my table an
order not to ap|)car again at the Tuilories ; and it was
during my temporary retirement that I finished the
portrait you wee just now look'mg at. Madaino Bona-
parte, on presenting it to tho consul, obtained my par-
don, and my recall to court. The first time Bonaparte
saw me afler this aftair was in Josephine's apartments,
and stopping up to me good-naturedly, ho patted me on
tho cheek, saying, — ' Roally, sir, if people will play
tricks, they ought at least to do them cleverly.' ' Mon
Diru." said Josephine, laughing, ' if you had seen his
look of terror wlien he first presented himself to me,
you would havo thought him sulliciontly punished for
his intended feat of agility.' "
Isabey related this anecdote with all his peculiar ani-
mation and drollery ; and ho accompanied the story
with such I'xprossive gestures and attitudes, that he
seemed to bring the whole scene visibly before nic. I
could imagine 1 saw Napoleon prostrate on tho ground,
and then rising to vent his rage, like angry Jupiter
hurling his tliunderboltr.
Afler thanking Isaliey for the treat ho had afTorded
us, and setting down our names on the list of subscrib-
ers for the engraving of his fine picturo of the Cougrcss
of Vienna, wo took our leave, rcquostin;; tho artist's
permission to return occasionally to inspect his interest-
ing gallery of |>ortraits, which was constantly augment
ing. This |iorinission Isabey readily granted, while at
tho same time he accepted an invitation to dino with us
on tho following day.
His picture is now almost generally known, tliruugh
the medium of the engraving. It reprosenti the hall of
thecoiigrou,at the inoiiiont when the Duke of Wellington
was introduced by Prince Mottcrnieh. The arli«l ||],
given to oach countenance the expression approprim,)
to tho occasion ; and the striking rescniblanecs h.i,;
confirmed Isabey's well-merited ropiitution as a iKirtrm
painter. The picturo is a valuable inonument of liisiu.
ry as well as of the arts.
CHAPTER XVI.
,M,lil-f:rul»— Tiiiiilw of ih(> royal rainily— Kenmrkx tluTrnn ni
rrim-i'ili' l,ti;ni, — Aiiit,Ii,iim>i Uic Kiii)H'rur Juvcpti— Tlit, (irnna
Jiikf (;>inNtiiniiiii — Moiistriir Anl«.
At tlio Congress of Vienna, so many difTerrnt cvcni,
were crowded together, so many various pictures cjlu.
bited, and so many intrigues develo|>ed, tliot tlioii).'h |
retain a vivid recollection of the focts, and. the imprff.
sion thoy produced, yet I may sometimes fall into tlir
error of confounding the order of dates. I was thoa ,ii
that delightful period of life when youth makes flattrrin;
promises which advancing years but rarely fulfil, and I
viewed every object through a prism which time but Ino
K|>crdily broke.
On leaving the altlier of Isabey, wo proposed calling
on the Prince do Ligne ; and as wo were crossing the
bridge of the Danube we met Prince Ypsilanti and Prin.
cess Suwaroff walking in the same direction. They in.
formed us that tliey were going to the Mchl-Grub, to act
the tombs of the royal family in tho Capuchin elinpol.
.As we knew it was yet too early to find the Prince de
Ligne up, we accejited their invitation to accom|<iinj
them.
On our arrival at the chapel wc were received byi
monk, who, having lighted a large torch, conducted ui
to the vaults. There arc nine tnmba of the cni|iemr>,
thirteen of empresses, and altogether obout eighty of in.
dividiialsof the imperial family. " Here," said the monk,
as we entered the vault, " .Maria Theresa daily heard
mass for the space of thirty years, in sight of the nr.
piilehre which she had prepared for herself beside Ihr
tomb of her husband." That illustrious woman had
suffered so much in early youtli, that tho thought of the
instability of life never forsook her, even amidst lirr
greatness. There have been many instances of tjiig
earnest devotion among sovereigns; for as they are obc.
dient only to Death, his irresistible power makes llie
more forcible impression on them. The difficulties of
life intervene lietween us and the grave; whilst, wiUi
kings, all flows on smoothly till tlie close of life, wliicli,
for that very reason, is frequently the most engrossing
subject of their tlioughts.
Having contemplated for a short time the inonuiiicnla
of the illustrious dead, we began to ascend tho steps of
the vault, when tlio light of several torches announced
tho approach of rather a numerous party. In another
moment wo were met by the Grand-duke Constanlinr,
Princess Bagration, Count Ncssclrode, Princes Koskiff.
sky, Schemeretoff, and several other persons of rank.
Our guide informed us that all tlie foreigners then in
Vienna, and even the sovereigns, had been several tiinn
to visit tho catacombs. Thus tliose who were conspicu.
oils in the gaiety of the fete were naturally led to rellec.
tions on the tomb. The |ioets of all ages have lieen fond
of these contrasts ; and fate has but too frequently brouglil
them together.
< )ii Iciiving tlie church Ypsilanti and the princess ac-
companied us as far as the residence of the Prince de
Lipne on the ram]>arts. Tho scene which wc had just
quitted naturally gave our conversation a serious turn.
The princess coin|iared tlie vaults of the Capuchin con.
vent to those of tho monastery of Petchersky at Kiow, in
which most of the saints of that monastery are buried In
open biers. Kiow is visited by numbers of pilgrims, who
travel on foot from (^asaii and other places on the con-
fines of Asia. " Nothing," observed the princess, " can
more forcibly prove tho power of religious zeal than
these distant pilgrimages, which, were they undertaken
for any other object, would probably be deemed imprac-
ticable; but the hope of futuro reward soothes tlie toil of
tlie present."
" When passing through Cracow," said I, " I visited
tlio tombs of the kings of Poland in the vaults of the
cjitliedral. Thero too the tombs ore oi>cn, and the cm,
balined lioilics are decorated with tho attributes of roy-
alty : tho ermine mantle, tlie jewelled diadem and sccjitrr,
and oil the emblems of vanished power, form a strikiiiK
contrast with the ravages of death. The union of enrliiljr
greatness and mortality leaves a profound impression on
tho tcelings. Such a picture of annihilation seems lo aa;
to those who conteniplato it, ' You wiioin lile has not yet
abandoned, doalli will teach you how to die.' In a liib-
terraneous vault the mind is not imbued witli that kA
AT THE rON«RESS OF VIENNA.
101
w?:m
Tlio nrli«l 111,
ision npiirnpriaie
cnibluiicGs liDic
lion an n |>ortraii
nutnoiil of hikii).
rninrk* thcrrnn of
lo*»*|ili— ''"lie <:rari(l
f diflercnt cvcnls
iM picturoa cihi.
d, Uiat though I
and. tlic imprcf.
mcB fall intu the
I. I WBR then M
I makcfi flattcrlne
arcly fulfil, and 1
liich time but too
proponed calliii;
pcre crossing the
pgilanti nnd Prin.
cction. They in.
Mchl-Grub, In ««
('apucliin cliopol.
nd the I'rincc do
on to acconi|>any
'cro received by i
)rch, conducted ui
of the em|)emr»,
ibout eighty of In.
e," gaid the monk,
crega daily liuird
1 aiglit of the «.
Iicrself beside llio
rioua woman liad
Iho thought of the
even amidst her
inntancea of tliis
r>r aa they arc obo.
power makes llir
[I'he difficulties of
rave; whiUl, wilii
08C of life, whicli,
moat cngroi<!iing
the monuiiicnis
■ccnd the atrps of
orchca annfiunerd
rty. In nmithcr
lukc Constanlinr,
Princes KonkjfT.
pcraonH of rank.
breigncra then in
lecn aevcrnl times
10 were conspicu.
rally led to nllec.
es have liet'n fond
rcquenlly broiiglil
the princess ac-
of the Prince de
liich we had just
a a serious turn,
ic Capuchin con-
L-rsky at Kii>w,in
tcry are buried in
of pilgrims, wlio
icca on the eon-
e princesa, " can
gious zeal than
they undertaken
^\ deemed iniprsc
Jioa tlio toil of
kaid I, " I visilfd
|lie vaullx of the
on, and the era-
littrihutea of roj-
|dcni and seeijtrr,
. form a atrikini!
I union of earthly
pd imprusaionon
|inn Hcema to »ay
I life has not yrt
I die' In a lub-
Ll witli that kA
mrlimelmly which is fell in an open place like n rhurcli.
3„|._||nt," observed I, addrcmting myself I ;ie prin-
■.,«, "if the marble or the iron conceals the viaihie cU'ects
ifdi illi, aa in the convent of the Capuehins, and in the
ohureli of the Annuncialiiin at St. PeterKliurgli, when the
nioniinienti are decorated with inscriptiony, reeordiiii;
itlnrinn!' retlcelinns of the deceased, the rellectiona ex-
nleil arc of a less awful kind."
\t it was a fcMtlval day there was a considerable con.
„,ii,„. of |>eoplc on the ramparts. " What a gratifying
s'lcctaclc it is," »aid Princess Siiwaroff, " to aec this as-
((•inblagc of the working claaa of people, whoac smiling
countenances and respectable dreiw alTiird the best indi.
cMion that they enjoy the rcwanl of happy industry !"—
"In Vienna," observed (irilfitlis, " U-ggars are never
soi-n mingling in such an assemblage as this, ("baritable
estiblislinicnls arc hero managed on a scale of superior
nriler nnd lilierality: private nnd public bimevolence is
directed with a spirit of justice; and the people them.
selves have in general more inilustry and commercial
inlelligence than in other part'- of <<eriiiany : in abort,
every thing in .\ustria bears the atamp of a (Miternal
wise, and religious giiveriimciit."
On reaching the rampart wo perceived a crowd of per.
nous eollected round tho carriage of Maria Louisa, who
had been paying a viait to thcEmpreaaof Russia. A feel-
in? of reserve, highly commondablo in the peculiar deli.
eacy of her aituation, kept Maria Louisa apart from all
the gaieties of Vienna. Sho waa never present at any
court parly or public ceremony ; but wherever aho ap-
peared slic was received with tho greateat rcapcct On
the day here alluded to wo observed aomc expression of
public feeling rcapixling the imperial arms of France,
wliieh still ap|ioared on the pannelsof the archdutcheas'a
eaniage, and on the buttona of her liveries. Indeed it is
not iin|ios9iblc that nbacrvationa on tliia subject reached
the ear of Maria Louisa lus ahc stepped in and out of her
carriage, for from that day the arms and livery were
chan|;e<l.
On reaching the Prince do Lignc'a door we took leave
of the princess and Ypailanti. We went up stairs, and
found tlic prince, contrary to hia usual custom at two
o'clock, up nnd sitting in his library, which was ulao his
bed-chamber, and tlic room for receiving his morning
visiters. It waa situated at the top of the house, and the
prince called it the last perch of his parrot'n rngr ; the
name he gave to hia little houao on tho ramparts, whicli
bad only one room on a floor.
Kvery morning I was in the habit of rendering an ac-
rount to the Prince de Ligiie of all that I had seen and
done on the previous day. At that happy |X!riod of my
life 1 waa chiefly occupied witii the pleaanrea of society ;
nnd I ivas delighted to atudy, under so able a moKter, a
living chapter of mankind, and to learn the biography of
some of the actors in tho moving panorama; not one of
whom escaped his excellent memory and judicious re
marks. We told the prince wliero we had been, and also
what the monk of the C^apilchin convent hud related to
us respecting Maria Theresa. — " This rcminda me," aaid
the prince, " of a remark made hy the Emperor Joseph
II. Wlicn he permitted tho Augarlen to be thrown open
to the public, a lady of the court complained that she
could no longer enjoy the recreation of walking there
among her erpials, * If we were all confined to the so-
cifly (if nnr equals,' replied the ein|H'ror, ' the only place
in which I could take an airing would he the vaults of
Ithr Capuchin convent, for there alone I should find my
Tjuals.' " — " As we were leaving tho vaults," said I to
he prince, " the (Jrand-dukc Constantino, MM. Nessol-
ode, Anislct, and ac^veral others, came to see tho tomlis,
d our guide informed us that the place has been fro.
lUintly visited by the sovereigns." " No doubt," replied
'ic prince, " minds agitated hy public nflTuira may there
njoy repose. As to the grnnd-duke ho does not seem to
1' very iKipular here. Yesti'riliiy, when I attended a re-
icw of some now regiments, 1 aaw him at the head of
lis. lie has a noble air and a military bearing; but he
iTeeta too iiiiieh servility in the presence of his brother,
nd appears to lie as much an enthusiast for slavery as
inollier would be for liberty. C'z , who nccomin.
ued me to the review, when I made these remarks, said.
I Look back on the giortrait of his fntlicr, which yon have
pool ill one of your letters to the Prince of Kaunitz; it
wphfatoConatanline with a very few exceptions.'
" His heart is sound, but tho reetitudo of his judgment
» a matter of chance. He ia amiable in society, inlraeta-
•Ir in Imsincas, and a poasionato lover of justice: but his
liithusinsni Irequently prevents him (Vom distinguishing
^r Irulli. Wo to his IVienils nnd to his enemies! and wo
» his snbjecLs, should he over have any ! He is extremely
Uiingcable, seeming to bo fixed in nothing but the wor-
ship of his brother. Whether he loves or hates, it is
always with violence." " «)h, time, prince," huid I, "will
calm the ett'ervcsceiice of youth. Placed by birth in the
very highest rank in a vast empire, he has known from
his cradli' no nther mode of lieling and existing. 'I'lio
children of sovereigns are diHerent I'roiii those of other
men. Klattery aililresses to them a language which in.
fuses into their minds all the illusions ot vanity, williout
ever reminding them of those duties which smiety iiii-
|H)ses u|)on tliem aa well as ii|Km its other nienilM'rs.
'I'liey ore aeeustonied to view every thing through the
eyes of their adul.itnrs, who in reality must he blamed
lor all their faults and vices, and who in short make them
like a river without n dyke, which inundates and de-
stroys, but does nut fertilise."
"Who," enquired I of the Prince de Ligne, " is that
.Mr. Aide whom 1 met at Princess Sapiogha's, and with
whom I saw you conversing yesterday evening at the
ball, whither he aceom|>anied me .'" " That," replied the
prince, " is one of those citizens of the world in whom a
goo<l stock of assurance supplies the want uf otJior re-
commendations. All that I could ever lenrii alsmt him
is, that he is a native of Turkey; that he came at a very
early age to Vienna in an eastern dress, and was intro-
diicod at court as the Prince of l.ebanoii. He has now
returned with less of oriental pomp; but he visits every
body, es))ecially Lord Caatlereagh, who seems to pa-
tronise liim. ' Je vous presente uii homiiie i|ui n'est pas
presentable,' said I one day, on introducing .Mr. Aide to
Aladame de Sluel. I was very sorry tor this bad bun
mol ; for public credulity is loo apt to take a joke in
earnest : the oliscrvation was re|ieated from mouth to
mouth, atid Mr. Aid< became the general topic of eon
versation. A duel which he Ibught with young Major
d'As|ierne, and in which he evinced some courage, proved
that he would not allow any one to say to his titee what
lie might think of him in firllo. He has now so com-
pletely estjiblished himself in good society, that the habit
of constantly seeing him makes amends for his want of
genealogy. Mr. Aide is not the first man of this kind
whom I have met with in the course of my life. Uut
now let me in my turn ask you how you wore first iii-
trodiieed to the Kingof Denmark^ and what his majesty
alluded to last night when he spoke of your progress in
(Jerinan?" " You shall hear, prince."
Kilt first I will give the reader a short biography.
Mr. (Jeorge Aide was the secoiiil son of nn Armenian
merelmnt ol Constantinople, engaged in the India shawl
trade, carried on over land lietwecn Asiatic Turkey and
some of the principal capitals of Kurn|ie. .Mr. AidA oc-
casionally entered into s|ieculatiun8 on foreign exchanges,
eominoiify called on the continent hanking ofierations,
and which, in Turkey, give to those who engage in tliem
the title of bankers. Mr. .\idi5 was an uneducated Arme-
nian, with coarse manners, and a great deal of that stu-
pid bigotry often mistaken lor piety and religious zeal
among the followers of the Koman callinlic church.
Hearing that a convent of catholic monks, situated at the
toot of .Mount Lebanon, in Syria, was greatly distressed
for money to coinplote some monuments required for re-
ligious consecration, he made a donation of two tliousand
piastres for that piir|K>s« (then about 150/.), which so
greatly exceeded other contributions, that a s|K'cial report
was addressed thereon to the holy sec at Rome. Tho
Pope rewarded Mr. Aid«''s zeal by sending him an order
of knighthoo<l, called the tiolden Spur, by which the title
of count or marquis is conferred during life, instead of
the uaual one of knight. This order, fallen into insigniti-
eance,owiiig to the unworthy manner in which it has long
lieen eiintomary to liestow it, .Mr. Aidfc made the founda-
tion of claims to personal nobility. His son has since de-
rived from that source notions of birtli which acemed to
him to place him far oliovo the mercantile station to
which the father originally destined iiiin. Ileiiig sent at
nn early age to Vienna, lor the puriwse of ae<|uiring the
knowledge of Kiiropean languages, and of the routine of
the shawl trade in Europe, Mr. tJcorge Aide contrived to
prn<uirc nn introduction into the best society of that capi
tal, in wliioh he ap|iearoil under the title of I'rinre ilr
Mmil Ijiimn, assiinicd on nn other grounds than the ori.
giiial incident through which an e|iheincral title had lH<en
confi-rred on his father. After Mr. <». Aidii's return to
Constnntiniiple, the counting-house discipline he waa
made to mulergo, being in little neeordanco with hia late
habits of independence, nnd the deference ao long paid
to " hia highness," by the punctilious Vicnneae, he soli-
cited and obtained permission to viait other parts of Eii-
ro|)e, and again commenced his travels by proeeetling to
Sicily. In Palormoho met the late Earl ufGuilford, then the
Hon. Frederick North, who, during hia fVequenl visits to
Uio Turkish capital, had ollcn had recourse to tho finan-
cial giHMl olfiocsof Mr. .Vide, " llie luinker," fur tin' iicgo-
tialion of his bills uii I.<iiulon, nnd vvIhim' cnnsluiil rendi.
itess ill siipj>lyiii;; .Mr. NortlTs pecnniiiry wants liiitl
inspired that giHid iiiiliired niiil iiiosi iveellriil man Willi
a lecling of kiiulness liir the f..lliei uliicli lie was fiiiind
ready to extend to the son. ,Mr. .Niirlh inlnidni id .Mr.
tieorge Aide to the Inst siiciely in Piileriiici, v. here tliii
court nl that time resiihd. An atlair uf galliiiili y with the
Princess H — , in which he very nearly lell a vii liiii In Iho
outraged lecliiigi of the husband, gavi- liiiii a ecb'iirily in
the gay world of Palermo, v\ liich lias tcnibd in no siiinll
degree to give him tliat high opiiiinn uf hiiiiself, and tliat
air of assurance, iiinoiiiitiiig almost ti> etfrontery, vvliieli
alt tliosi! who li.ive known him personally eniild nut help
to be struck with in the early part uf tin ir nei|nain1ance
with him. Mr. (ieorge .\iilr, after 8|ieiiiliiig smiie inunllis
in Sicily, rcsulved to vi.^it England. He iibtaineil fruni
his iwtrun, Mr. North, a great niinilicr of leltirs uf intro-
duction to nieinbers of his own fuinily , and to many other
noble families Iwsides. ^\ ilh such passiHirts he nindc his
ilihlit at once among the highest circles of sueiely in
England. Possessing the external appcaranre of a );eii-
tleinan, having from a natural ueuteness of (diservniiun
been enabled to assume thi^ manners of a well bred uiie,
and with that fixed expression of calm nssnranee which
is so commonly and so easily assimieil by thi' natives of
Turkey, Mr. tieorge Aide made liimself a weleuine visi-
ter in many first rate houses, and soon becnine, in l'a>:t,
a most fashionable sort of n personage, lie did not,
however, very long enjoy the distinguished st.ition to
which the whims of the fasliiunabb' world had raised
him. His late mode uf living had so multiplied his calls
on the purse of his father, and Mr. Aide's unwillingness
and inability, I'roin recent cuniiuereial losses, to euntiiiue
to furnish means fur his sun's fully niiil ixtravaguiiee,
brought down the hitter's finances to nn ebb greatly dis.
pro|iortinned to the rale of his ix|i<iises. .Mr. (Jmrge
.■\id«', however, not doubling the genorusily uf his I'ashiun-
able acqnaiiitaiiccs, nnd with a full reliance ini liie
friendly lestimonies he had received from llicni, euin-
menced a series of applications for loaiisof money, which
in a very short lime shut all the doors against him of
those wlio had previously shown lliomselveH must eager
tiir his nei|uaintaineo. Peciminry enibarrassnients soon
drove him away from ('nglanil, and some how or other
he found his way to Vienna at the lime the congress was
held there. Among the secretaries attached 1u llie late
Lord Castlereagh, at the oongres.'<, Mr. (i. Aide met a
Mr. F. Worry, who hnil formerly been connected with
him at Smyrna in some mercantile coiieerns. 1 heir in-
timacy was renewed on this occasion, nnd Mr. Worry
introduced his oriental friend (no longer going unilerthe
title of Prince of .Mount liohnncn at Vienna) to Lurd and
Lady Castlereagh, who look .Mr. Aiile in liivonr, intro-
duced him to all their distinguished gnosis at Vienna,
and subsequently received him cordially i.l their own re-
sidence in St. James's Sipiare; thus temporarily reinstat-
ing him, under their putronngo, in a rank n( society
from which he seemed to have Ihoii ox|M'l!ed tiir ever.
From that time until 1821 Mr. (« orge Aide generally
resided in England; ami some eiiriuus stories were cur-
rent, by which the means ho had found to satisfy his
creditors, and those rcipiirod fur his siip|ioit, were ac-
eounlod for. lieing nn a visit at Clieltenham, ho became
acquainted with Miss Collier, the aeiomplishod daughter
of Sir (ionrge and Lady Collier, who conceived an at-
tachment for him, which no consideration and nn reason-
ing could nlmto. Several liiiies her friends thought they
had succeeded in dissiiadiiig her from the romaiilic rosu-
lulion she had formed of accepting no one but .Mr. Aide
as her huslHind. Miss Collier hud long ceased to be a
minor, and |M>ssessed a fortune, whicli she held from
some distant relative, of l,i2l)U/. a-yoar. Nothing there-
fore prevented her giving her hand to the then ponnyless
and adventurous Mr. Aidi*, nnd they were married larly
in 1822. Mr. and Mrs. Aide wont afterwards to reside
ill Paris. Being at a hall one evening. Air. Aide was
standing nnd looking at the dancing, when a Monsieur
de liomiM-llus, one of the dancers, accidentally came in
cniitact with Mr. Aide, and trcd on his foot. Mr. de
liomlH'lles exprcsm'd his sorrow, and naked pardon — a
formality whioh, according to the rules of French so-
ciety, takes away all right from the aggrieved party to
demand explnnaiion, whether the uft'eiioo committed has
been accidental or intentional. Mr. Aide, however, did
not think proper to remain satisfied with Mr.de IkimM-
les's apology. He insisted tliat Mr. de Ilombelles had
oflered him intonti'>nnl insult, and demanded his cnrd.
This was immediately handed to Mr. Aide, and a hostile
meeting a day or two afterwarils was the consequence.
They iMth fired at a given signal. Mr. de Bombellcs ca-
1 A
f ■ ,,
;r":l
192
JOVIINAL or A NOm.RMAN.
ca|N'il iiiiliiirl, Init Mr. Aiilr rcrcivcil IiIh advrrsiiryV lull
ill tlic niHl'iiiii'ii, and iiialaiilly Ibll. Ilo lingirL'il two
dnyx alU'r, at the cud of wliicli li(^ vxpirud.
^*o.»
^.iWr!.
feV: ;■
CIIAITKU XVII.
rnriii-iil.ir^ r*-litiivir tii in)' jniirii**) to MnriilMtr)! nnil DtMiinnrk—
M> ri-iMMitlrr III till' (uirk nl I'rir trirlt>il)Hr!; — liili;ivii?\v vvifii lti<'
i'rimii l*rlticf iif l>.'iiriiar:< — Siiiiit- ncr<mill ut' lllf iHiiiibarilinrlil
ul' r'o|iciiha;:rii liy j«i>rit NelMiii.
" How oftni dot'M n word, a sound, an inflection of the
voice, Riiddcnly call to mind xeoneH which had loii^ va-
nishiMl froni our iiiiinory. The past affaiii a|>|>eiirn
clothed in vivid lolonrs ; tcelin;;s and iin|ire»iiions which
had lain dormant for years are instantnneoutily revived,
and we eiuiuire what connection can exist hetwcen these
recollections and the cireiinistanee.s which have called
them np. Tlipre i.s a magic in those pictures which
tlms rouse the mental instinct ; and niich is their power,
that we feel a sort of pleasure in levertinjr to nielanclioly
cventa and cruel lossi-s. There is even a luxury in the
tears wliieli these recollections wring from us.
"Owin^ to llie niisfirtuiua which the French rcvolu-
tion entiiied on many devoted families, my uncle, who
had acte.1 the part of a father to me, fled (roni France,
and took me with him lo llambiir;;, where we suflered
nil the privations inseparihle from iv.ir exile. Heiii-; in-
vited by Count Ferseii to visit him in Sweden, we lelV
Hamburg, and crossing the heaths of Holsleiii, wu tra-
velled to tV)|)cnhagcn on foot ; for our scanty resources
left us no other alternative.
" My uncle, while he held the ofliee of minister for
foreign affairs, had been well ac'iuainted in Paris with
Count Lowendliall, who received him on his arrival in
Denmark with great kindness. He promised to intro-
duce me to the prince royal, with whom he said he
would use his nifluence to procure for us some pecuniary
supply, which was very necessary in the circumstances
in which we wi re. On the day preceding that ap|>ointed
for my introduction to the prince, I was walking alone
in the park of the royal residence of Fricdriclisbcrg,
where I perceived in one of the alleys a young gentle-
man and lady. The genllemaB, who had a sort of jump-
ing motion in his walk, was dressed in a light gray coat,
and had an umbrella luider his arm. There was some-
thing so droll in his apjiearanec tliut I conid not help
Htopping to look at him; and, with the levity natural to
my age and country, I burst into a lit of laughter, which
sutncioutly enabled the young gentleman to understand
the ludicrous efliet his presence produced ujton me.
From the angry look which he cast uiwn me, I could
easily [lerceive that my gaiety had given oflTciice ; but
this afiiicared to me the more ridiculous and served only
to increa.sc my laughter, which I was unable to repress
until the object that had excited it was entirely out of
sight.
" Next day, on the recommendation of Count Lowend-
liall, an audience was granted to me at the palace. One
of the pages on duty conducted me into the gallery; and
there, with my |H?litioii in my hand, I waited until it
should please his highness to admit me to his presence
The doors of the royal apartments were soon thrown
o|ien, and a chamberlain came out and called me by
naiiH'. I ailvanceii, and ho made a sign to ino to enter.
On advancing to the door, what was my astonishment to
perceive at the further end of the a|>artment the young
man whom I had seen in the pork the day before ! Hi
was dressed in the same gray coat, over which now ap-
|)eared a broad blue ribbon with the order of the elephant.
I leave you to guess what Was my consternaiion, for I
was well aware that I saw Iwfore me the Prince Royal of
Dcnjuark. When I recollected my indecorous mirth,
and tho anger it had excited, I stood motionless, and was
undetermined whether to advance or witlidraw ; — I fan-
cied myself already doomed to the punishment which
my imjicrtincnce deserved. I stood, as it were, rivetted
to the ground, in spite of tlic entreaties of the chaml)cr-
lain, who urged me to enter the apartment, which, how-
ever, in my eyes, was os full of terrors as Blue Beard's
secret chamber. Fortunately for me, it hap|>ened that
tlie young lady whom I Iiad seen walking willi the
prince on tho preceding day, and who was no other than
Ills charming sister, the Princess Augustiiiburg, at tliis
moment passed tlirough the gallery on her way to her
brother's apartment. Kncaiiragcd by her angelic looks,
I followed her into the room, hoping tliiit her presence
would screen me from the reproaches which I was fully
conscious of discrving. Overwhelmed with confusion, 1
presented to the prince, with a trembling hand, a (lelition
which my uncle had given uc. He read it, and then
handing it to his sislir, said: ' Here is anothir vittiin ol
the French revolntimi, whom iKiwendhall recoiimuiids
to me." He then i|He8lioiied me with gri-at kindness, re-
specting our sitiuitiDii, resources, und projects. Hiii-
bnldened by this reception, I told him all we had siilUri d
since our depurturt? from France, deserilKd our liireed
pilgrimage across (termuny; and added, that our design
was to proceed lo Sweden, where we relied on the assist-
ance of Count Ferseii, who cherished a cordial fr!iiid:<hip
for my uncle. The princess listened to the narrative of
our misfortunes with a degree of iiit<'re«l which v.as cal-
culated lu alleviate them. When I ileseriln'd our pedes-
trian journey and all the privations that attended it, the
prince said ; ' But doublless you underskind Ueriiian .''
— 'Alas, no! yonr highness,' replied I ; ' and that circuin-
stance in itsidf rcnderi'd our journey the more miserable.'
— 'Poor li'lbiw!' said the princess, in a tone of coniini-
si'ration : ' to have suflered so much at so early an age I'
Her whole manner was in (lerfect accordance with the
delicacy of her features, the elegance of her form, the
modesty of her de|Mirtineiit, and the sweet lone of her
voice. Every kind word she uttered was the more con-
solatory on account of the air of sincere feeling with
which it was accoin|>aiiied. In thus describing her, I
render only the sincere tribute of memory and gratitude.
" While she addressed to me some <|ueHlions about my
fiuiiily, and my education, the prince royal wrote a (i.v/
words on the petition which I had proented to him, and
returning the paper to me, said: ' (io to my chancery,
and you will receive one hundred Fredericks d'or, which
will enuiile your uncle to travel more at his ea.se.' — '.Sir,'
said the princess, ' I wish you happiness ; and if you do
not And it in Sweden, return to I>enniark. Ilore nt
least you will find repose.' 'i'lic prince then suiiimoned
his chamberlain, and ordered him to conduct inu to the
treasury
" Ah ! thought I, as I left the iwlace, what a les.son
have I received ! what a dignified revenge for my incon
siderate im|iertiiience ! In the excess of my gratitude I
was ready lo throw myself at his royal higliiiess's fei't 1
However, the lesson he gave me was not without its use;
for since that time I have never had cause to reproach
myself for a Himilar act of tlioughtlessncss." — " Hut,'
said the Prince de Liguc, " this was iiurcly a lesson in
good manners ; you have said notliing about your lesson
in German." — " You shall hear of that prest'iitly," con
tinned I. A few days after my interview with tho
prince royal of Denmark, my uncle engaged our passage
on board a vessel which was going to Stockhohii, but
which was detained for some time by contrary winds in
the roads of C'openhagen. On the night of tlie 2d of
tVpril we were awakened by a loud eaniioiiade. Kelson,
under llie command of Sir Hyde Parker, was forcing tlie
straits of the Sound; and next iiioriiing at daybreak the
whole of the Kiiglish fleet was in sight of tlie city. ^Icon-
while boats were sent out to tow the inerchant vessels
into the harbour ; and a few moinents after our return to
the port, and the landing of tlie passengers, tlie engage-
ment comuienced. Tlie attack was a.s spiriti'd as tlic de
fence was heroic. Not a single inhabitant of Coiienhagen
but took up arms to resist tlic unjust aggression. The
university furnished a corps of twilve hundred yomig
men, the flower of Denmark, It woulil even have been
dangerous not to have taken part in the enthusiasm of
resistance which then universally prevailed. Armed
with a sabre which might have belonged to King Canute,
lUid which was lent ine by the master of the inn at which
wo put up, I repaired to the jetty, where 1 witnessed one
of the must terriiie s|)ectucles that the imagination can
conceive. Denmark was never before engaged in to
liguroiis a defence, and never pcrhapR had tlic Danes such
an opportunity of displaying their national courage,
marched about on the quay, holding in my hand the
drawn sabre, which was nearly as long as a lance, and 1
was no doubt aupiiuscd to bo a sentinel on duty. The
city was on fire : the Infocdstrcttcn, Captain Thura,
blew up, and the frightful conflagration wholly absorbed
my attention, when suddenly sonio one tapped mo on tlie
shoulder, and gave me on order in Uerman. I turned
rounu, and beheld the Prince Royal of Denmark. Hi
was dressed in the sanic gray coat which he word when
I flrst saw him. In the conUision of the moment he had
got separated from his suite. 'What aro you doing here."
cmiuired the prince. ' I am acting as in duty bound,
your royal highness.' — ' Well, then, will you carry tli'
paper to the young oflicer who is about to take the coni-
iiiaiid of yonder floating battery? His name is Villemoes;
and reineiiilier tlie word aiifrenblicklicft.' — ' What word,
prince V — 'AuncMicklieh, which signifies immediately.
You must pronounce that word when you give him the
paiicr.' I t.xccuted tliis order witli the utmost du6patch ;
but on my return to the quay the prince royal wiis ir.,,,,
.Slatiiined en line of the floating bulteriec, wlium. It
could eiiiitiniplale the action and des|iati'li his onlirn, {,,.
.aiiinialid by his presence the brave iMipulutinii or(ii|, i,.
Iiagen; and certainly whin I thin saw him so einriri'.i.
cally jiraclisiiig wliat he prcaelitd, my only riilji,^.,
were ent]iusia.sm niid admiration. Yon know llir !„,„
the arlidii. The Dulles earned iinmiirtul glory; bi,!
till y lost six thousand men ; and further resistaiiir . ,l
pearcd im|Kissible. An armihtiee was granted ; ami ,!„
(mkhI Frid.ay Nelson landed to hold an interview witliiiK
prince royal ; the result of which was the repeal nl" ih,
treaty oftensive and defensive iM'tween Denmark, SwmIi,,
and Russia, against I'^gland. Since that time Fri ili nth
has ascended tho thronn of Denmark, wliicli j,,,-,
now Im! regarded merely as a vast and lii'uiit|;„|
seigniory, with a Toyul crown in its armorial iHarlniN.
But you see the many events that have ensiieil m\n \
last saw him have not caused that exeillent priinu i,
turget a circumstance apparently so frivolous."
" All these le8.son8 of cx|HTience will, of coiirsr, ii.i| I
lie lost on you." — " I hope not, prince. I should wi.sli i ,
say with Rousseau: 'J'ai bi-aiiconp vt*cu en|icu d'liniiH.,
et le ehemins des passions m'a conduit i la phil.,...
phie.' " " .Vh: philosophy is a mere woril. 'I'lieri- Im..
Iiceii many kinds ot it, from tlie a|KHitles, who wci' ml
philosophers, to the •irplanhriiieii rn, who called iIiuti,
selves philosophers. The word is not precisely tlie lirm«
'I'ake mine, it is that of Kjiiciirns, Real pliilosii{i!i\ i, I
pleasure ; but wo must endeavour to reconcile it viiili |
our duty."
" Truly," observed Mr. Grifliths, "from what 1 In.,.,
of your life, I think you might already liegiii tn wrii.
)oiir inemnirs." — "O no," internipted the Prime il^
i.igiie, "there is time enough for that. In yoiitli «,
live too miich out of ourselves, and in old iige tiK) imuli
within ourselves. Miitiire age is iM-fween the two ri. I
tremes. Let him wait till the romance of his life imn.
miiinted licfore he Isgiiis lo write its history."
The prince left us for a few moments to write im (
lliose little billets which he was in the habit of Kli;iiiii; I
with a line thus , which ho said saved liiiii tir
trouble of writing his name. An anxious wish alroiili I
(irevailcd to procure these memorials of a man vvhoii I
lime was hurrying too fast to immortality.
Like the Arab," said lie, as lie sealed his note
us thank Ciod, who has given us a pen for a toiigui', md I
paper for a messenger. I am sending these lines to tli I
Dutchess of Oldenburg. She yesterday laid a wacir lluil
I would not compose before noon u hundred lines onil
subject which sliu would give me. I have wun \Sx\
wager; for well or ill tho task is accomplished. I iiil;liil
with justice add the observation of Voltaire to Madtiimr
selle Clairon : — ' J'ai travaille [mur vous toutc cittc iimi, I
niadame, coiiimc un jeune homnie do vingt uns.' " — " lln I
the Dutchesirof OldeniMirg time," said I, " to tiiiiik aboul
poetry 7 I lliouglit her exclusively engiossed by Inr il.l
tachnient for the Prince Royal of Wirtemburg." — "Dhrl
replied ihc Prince do Ligne, " that iiitcrosting roniamtl
is approaching its rfenourmcnt ; for I was ye.steril<i)'iD.I
funned that tho dis|ieiisalioii of tlic Greek church ki^l
arrived, and that tlio inarriago would be ofliciallyiii.1
nounced." At that moment the pretty Titine, tiic I'riiml
de Lignu's adopted daughter, came to inform hnii Uiill
some iiersons were wailing for him in the drawiny.room|
" I will come down immediately, my dear," said lie, "
like others, must |Kiy my contingent to the cnn{rr»:|
but |>eoplc seem to take me for one of tho curiosities iu
tliis diplomatic fair; and I am often obliged to niakcnl
exertion to aniuso |>cople who arc not worth tlic trouljt.l
Because I am gay, I am expected to weary niynelf fii|
tlioso who are not so ; but, like a good soldier, I will iHtl
quit the brcacli ; and, like a good actor, I will not rrlinl
until tlic fall of the curtain : and tliough I am not onWl
the eommittec which our good emperor lioa chosen frnl
among the most distinguished personages of the coortl
for thu pur^ioec of rendering the visit ofthc Bovrri'i|n»lil
Vienna as agreeable as possible, yet I do all I can til
promote that object. I am one of the speaking pnpfrtil
and I leave the acting puppets to fill the higher |Hiit.<ii|
the grand comedy." Wo took leave of this cxtrunnlininl
man, and coiilinned our walk on the Graboii, wlu'ronl
met several of our frienils. Indeed, at that tinii' ii|
Vienna, it was the custom to be so contimiullv oiiH
doors, Uial the (JraluMi was lo foreigners wliut tfw I'liil
of Sainl .Mark is to tho Venetians, — they spend aliii*!
tiii'ir whole lime there.
I t
w.
till,. I.
it. .^
S..IC ,\f.'til«
lln lliiki) of ."ii
.,|I,Ict'» lll-i"
llrillv's -Hir
lli'illy«ii«i'iii'
Nu |1ITSC1M,
]«Ti|« with ii
IMTfinnagef- wl
j i;n!il wi-lie of
will llirreliire
In I'niinw into
llli', in(liviiliial.<
|n(,'r iif liistiiri
,'i|i{iroar{iing an
I |iirliiri'> are oe<
I ilrsi(.'iis tire nev
.•\s I had yet
I IKiiiili'i.' fur ilinii
iliiw.<ki, niid I.ii
I AllH'rt nf Saxe
Among the n
lliirr roiitaiiis, I
rolli'f'tioii of dra\
Jini' In nearly twi
laiiil lliirty thou..'.'
iil'i'iiiini'nce. W
llevri', the kee[H'r
|ils, he intended
v-miiit, ranged in
Itlic liirlher end ■
diiing the lionoiii
^iiiliT, who was :
I'riiKT Kiigene.
jU'ril in examini
Fihib', which was
liiiiil in I'jurofK'.
Stake Albert, "an
RIk military |Nisiti
liviin|mrisnns, to p
llipiiieht aJHiiit the
Uistingnislied visit
the theatre of
Wcvanilcr, while 1
Kinie interi'sliiig ri
Irilh has but one I
»i|ii:li I cnllect fro
'Thrre," said li
Ills finger, " siieli a
Vitlcry was ill plac
TliiTc, at A'lslerlit
liul {rained the ilaj
ptorlii'r; and thu
ere the ire bro
rn, and fifty |(ic
|irs."— " And yet,"
KTlia|w have lost III
ml the otiack a fc
chances of wai
kmllniied .Mcxaiidc
If niir cavalry, of w
>tri"it of Korsako«
la'l who was lost ir
If the Allc. We f
liHiny lo co|)e with
pniii the campaigns
Inli'lv avoiding niiv
\^m. "After ail
fmn' Kiiuene, " hi
V"l'''Clioiis with V
|p(l."— "Ah, sire,"
llory has ended." —
Irai," ri'siiini'il the
Ikr shallows; and y
Hvi'Siis if we tlinii;
' r'liiqwwil wniilil
|ii[| Kiiiri.m', " wha
We lahiHir til
kiVoil, ilniiljipil, niiil
lilli rrs|HTt In yoii
'■''i'-h iiln^ady helmn
!■, siro, to' wliieh
sU-: than your mi
bill iliNlrnyOnil the
|ii) I«'rily III! siilid
.MW sliltHis —
ti royal wan uoiu.
Itriii', whnuc |;.
itl'll llin UtillTH, I:,
iiiiiiiti(>ii urcojMi.
V liiiii HI) iiicrt'i::.
my only fulm;,
uii kiinw till' '[»,,
iiinrlul j;l"iy; Im
Ihrr rt'Kist:!!!!-!' ,i_
I cnuiU'il i iiiiii ,!,,
interview wii!ii;i,
I lliu rc|n'al nl' 111,
I)i"iiiiinrk,S«i,|,ii.
Iiitt tiiiio l''r( il( iirt
nark, wliic.li lur.v
Mil ami In'aiiiii'iij
nrinoriul lHaririi;>,
nvc t'lixiu'il HI HIT I
L'XClUoilt iiriiui; I,
rivulouh."
ivill, of ci>nrsr,ii.ii
:. I hIiouIiI wlsli ! ,
c« cn|M;ii «riiniii'ii,
iiluit i In plnlii^.i.
wiiril. 'riiiri' Inv
itU'fi, wlio wc'i' ml ]
, wllO C.lll<'ll lllri:,.
prcrini'ly tin' lliin;
KruI |iliil»sii|iliy I.
lo reuontilc it iviili
" from wliiit I ki'iit
cacly licg'ni to «:iit
|ited llic I'rimo i!.
that. In yonlh »,
ill old iigK ti>o iiiutli
H'twiTii the two (1.
iicr of his li'.i-' in tu.
M history."
irnts to write oiif i,',
the liahil nf Kiiriiiii;
Haid saved liini tiic
anxious wish al:c»il;
iaU of a man whom
Dftalily.
st'alod lliu nule,"lrt
l|M;n for a toiisne, lU
ing those lineB lo llit
Jay laid a wacir llal
huiidrt-d lines on i
_. I have wiin tin
coinpUshed. I iiiifll
'ollairo lo Maikmu.
reus toulc cettc unit,
.vinglans.'"— "Il«
lid 1, " to think about
cngioKsud liy In r it-
irtcinburK."— 'H)li:'
interesting ronuna
1 was ycsterdny it
Greek cliureh li!<
ould be ollicially (I-
,ty Titine, tlic rrin«!
I lo inform him Uiil
in thedrawiiii-room
y dear," said he, "1,
;nt to the eoiijftM;
of the curiosities il\
. obliged to make u
ot worth the tniul*.
to weary inyncll' la'
tod soldier, I will "i
clor, I will not relin
lugli I nil iiiit omi|
cror lias chosen fr«
onoffes of tlio court,
iitofth0 8ovrrei|;nili|
•i 1 do all I ranH
he speaking pupf*
11 the higher \«ins»\
ofthisextrannliiiin
e CJrabeii, whore n
ed, nt thai tiint »j
V) continnullv onlif
jicrs what tlio l'l«
[ — they fipend oM
^mW:^m.j^%'VL:i^m E»:iiB^?i\ifr;:rv
It. ,t It. H. Wimll. I'lUvlklM .\Mi l'|■|ll.l-lt^;!t^, .\i.iv N'wUI,, f
S.,lf .Al'illl" ii"i' l'illiii»lii IS fi" III'- »lal<.- "I -N'l «■ Vcr'. Miiil III! III. N. w K.i.i;hii|.| ,|iili ,. (
IIIKK.MX N. WIlDII A. Ill ll...,K-.»i.i,,K.. r»i. ,.«,
."nil' .Xltiiib |i,r Hie ,.1111. ..< Ill M irtiiiiiil, Viiiiiiii:!, ami (tii.i, I iim-. i) .i; N. » Oil,, in.
cii.vi'TKU xvm.
\l.
'I'lif Dilkaof Sn'e Tesclnli'i* pirlitn- )|iiller> — Tin: riitp4-i.ii A
•iii,l..i'» ili-|"'<'li' ' It— '"I'lii l.ii.i liffliil — llimii r al .\lr
It.illv'n -Hir Hy.liii'V f^iiiiili *lli.* nll.^,..ll al Uiu I'liiK'n^B— Mr.
liiilly * "»'' nialii.ii— I..HW "llnti viialili.
yu iHTKoii, wlialevur may l)c liiw [Hililieal ereril, ran
.,.r.i«' with iiiiliHeieiiee iiarraliviH which ilewerilie the
ii,r»oiiai,'e> w'l" 'lave playi il prnmiiient parls in the
,,n;il ureiie of the worhl. The aneedntes svliieh I relalr
will Iherefore not lie devoid of iiili resit to those who love
111 I'nll.iw into the witial eirele, and the delails of private
lilt' iiidiviiluals, whose naiiieK appear eoiispirnoiiM on tlie
■Kij;!' lit' history. .At Vienna, I had the opp.irliiiiity of
.'iiiiiroailiing and kiiowin;; sill h imlividiials; and if my
iiiilures arc m^eaBiiinally Homewhat highly coloiireil, the
ilisiCMs tire iievertliejeHH corn et.
'\s I had vet Home time to tipare iH'fore the hour ap-
in.iiilei.' for dinner, I went, aeeompanied liy /iliiii, /ava.
ilnw.iki, and Iiiiielie»iiii, to view the resideiiee of l»uke
AllH'rt "f Saxe Teselieii.
\,iiiiiig the numerous valiinhlo objrctH whieh the pa-
{are cniitains, I had heard n gnuit deal alHiiit ii imi.pie
leolledion of drawings and engravings, the former aniomil-
in:; tn nearly twelve thonsaml, and the latter to a Iminlred
LimI thirty thon.sand, all copied from the works of artists
jiit'eiiiiiienee. \Vc were rceeived very [Militily liy .M. I.c-
Ifevre.lhe kecjier of these treasures, of which, lie iiiforinei
us ho intended lo pnlilish u detailed chronohigical ae-
rnant, ranged in the order of the ditrereiil selioiils. Al
llii further end of the picture gallery Duke .Mlsrt wa.s
iiin.' the honours of his paliiee to the Kiii|H'ror Alex-
iiiler, who was aneompanicd liy (icncral OiiwarnlF, ami
'riiice Kugene. When we approached they were en-
end in examining a collection of maps, and mifitary
lihris, which was considered the most complete of the
ilail ill l''uro;K.. " Cities have U'en destroyed," ohservid
Jtake .\lberl, " and empires have been overthrown, hut
llic military [lositionH still rimiuin." He then drew some
i|rarisons, lo prove that the sniiie chnnces had olli'ii
lirniighl alioiit the same results: hut the tittention of his
iliagnished visiters seemed to 1h' particularly dirccteil
the theatre of tlii' late eninpaigns. The Km|hTiir
ilr.xaiider, while i e inspected tin' dilfercnt plans, iindc
(line interesting remarks uiHin them. Those to whom
Irilh has but oiio Inngnagc will appreeiiite llio fellowing,
liiih I enllect from my meiiiorunda.
"There," said his m.ijesty, pointing out Die spot with
jiis faiger, " such n corps committed such a fault ; siieli a
»illory was ill placed; such a charge decided the action.
I'hrre, at .\iislerlit7., we iiiiglit have recovered onrselvi's
inil gained the day; but KutiisofT was too long iHl'orc
Horliir; and the frozen lakes of Augend and .Monitz,
.liirc the iec broke and submerged twenty thousand
ua, and fifty |»ieccs of cannon, comi>lelcd our disas-
.r,i."_" And yet," observed Prince Kugene, "we should
■rlaps li.ivc lost the battle, if the eni|>cror had eominen-
ij the attack a few hours sooner; — on what tritles do
111' chances of war deiiend !" — " There, at Kricdiand,"
MntiniiiHl .Mcxandcr, " all was lost by a false movement
if niir cav.alry, of which Ney took advant.igc, and by tin
tri'it of Korsakow, whose whole corps was surrounded,
iii'l who was lost in seeking to CRCa|)e ocross the waves
If the Alle. \Vc fought well, but we liad too able an
Liny to oo|)e with." The ein|)ernr passed iilternately
roiii the campaigns of Italy to those of (Germany, deli
iti'ly avoiding any allusion to the fatal campaiirn of
[iKsii. ".Vtlcr nil," added he, addressing himsilf to
'rliico l''iigi'ne, " here are scenes of glory which revive
-olli'Ctions with which yon havo reason to be satis-
IpiI." — "Ah, sire," replied Kugene, "you sec how this
Horv has ended." — " Do not eonfounil glory with aiiihi-
]m" resiiiiii'd the cin|H'ri)r. " Wo Hit ovit this earlli
Ikr shallows; and yet we aro as anxious to ciirieli oiir-
ilvrsas if we thought the elements of which our hislies
rr nnipiised would never dissolve." — " And, uller all,"
liil Kugene, "what is the glory we so eagerly thirst
• ' We labour to obtain it, and then it is envied, nt-
■kod, (IniiMcil, nnd nt length furgntlen." — " Il is not so
rilh rr»|icrt lo yours, and that of your fiimily, prince,
fiiii-ti nlready belongs to history." — "And il isan inherit-
ir, Fire, 111 wliieli no one can have more iiidispiilabb'
:\i\< lli;m yiiur mijesty. The ronipn'ror ovei throws
ml ilr^tmy:, biitlliei.latcsmun raises and liiiiiiilM n.ition,il
[ropiily Mil solid li.iscs." From the cordial way in
NEW SEKILS — la
whnli the cinperor pie.-si d the hand of llie piiiice, I
■iiiilil |Mrc(ive that he was gralilied by the eumphiiiriil.
riiis diiliitiiie ri Jiiiiided me of I'ller the (ireat entcr-
laiiiiiu; tin Swi dish generals nib r the ImIIIc of I'lilluwa,
iiid drinking the hcaltlis of hi.s iiia»tt.rs in Ihe iirl of
ivar.
Duke .Mherl put an end t'l tlii:i coiilliel of e mrlen-,
liy showing his illu^lriniu visiters a i|. ..eripiiv,; eat i.
logiie of the pietiiri s, wliicli he is still engaged in pre-
paring, nolwilhstiiMirmg liis ndvaini d age. 'i"o eniinii
rate Ihe Irea'iiires of this valnalile eolhelioii, il would In
neecssary to copy Ihe catalogue iVoiii Is'iriiming lo eiiil.
Siiiiie of llie drawinirs an dated as lUr li.iik as Ilie yeai-
I I'.'ll. Till re ar.' upwards of a I Ire.l and fi:)v by .\|-
liril Diirer, must of wliieli are eveeuled willi |i.ii ;,iiil
ink. 'I'lie ligiiris are rii lily coloured, pioilculaily s.iiiir
birds, which are reimirkalde for ex.pii ili Iniisli. Tin
ngravings of .\lliirl Dnrer, bi-.-idis lln ir inlrinsie value,
derived aildiliou,i| intirest Iroiii tlf eireiiinvlanec ol'lliiir
having liirined a part of the private lollectioii of that
great master. The duke drew our altentioii to some
drawings hy Uaphael, nnd alsiiit (illy ski telies by t 'I mile.
In short, the cimiplile series is of ineslimabli' value to
the history of the arts of draw ing nnd engraving. The
KmiM-ror Alevander approaihed us, and nller spiaking
very kindly to /.idin, presciiled him lo I'rinee Kugene as
the youngest knight of St. ( ieorge. ( )ii hearing soiin-
one mention tli>' iiniiie of l.ueeliesini, he asked liiin
whi'lhir his tatlnr was the individual who had Is t ii ple-
iii|Kilcnliary to the ccU'liratcd congress of l.istow, in the
reign of Frciliriik II. " He was, sire." — " And when
ihe
' Living on his estate near l.iiee-
'11',"
resumed .Mexainler, "he ainiisi" himsell'liy relracing lli
recoMenlions of his past lilc, they iniisl jic deejdv inte-
resting; (iir few men havi' seen so inncli,"
Having ins|KCled the splendidly fiirnislieil apartments
of the piilaci', ill one of which was a I'anlinii.ionicon
consisting of a hundred nnd thirty iiistriimenls, , mil nii
nntomalon Inmipetcr, wliic'i cxeciiled syinphoiiies nnd
marclies with ndmirahle precision, we lell llie palace anil
proceeded to the IJelvidcic lo see a eiilhetion of pie-
tiircM, which was enriched by Joseph II. at the lime ol
(lie suppression of some of Ihe convents. Their nuinis'r
anioimts to iipwanU of one lliiiiisi.iiil lour hundred, and
they occupy Iwentv-threc riKims, being ranged in order
aeeordiii!: to Ihe different selioi'ls lo which they iKlong.
.Most of (hem nri' work" of rare beauty and viiliie.
At the. Ilelvidere we mil the King of It ivaria, aeeoiii-
panied by his ehamberlain. Count Iteelilii rg. The count
is an enlightened coniioissi'iir of art, nid liis e.vplana-
tioiis of (he suhjcets of the pictures, ami liis remarks on
their c.vecntiuii, were listened to with cousiderablu iiite
rest by the king. M. Fuger, the keeiier of the Helvlden-,
who is hiuisclf an eminent iHirlrnit nnd historical painter,
conducted us through the gnlliry. lie particularly di-
rected our attention to some fine works of Titian and
Rubens, which were; so nninerons that they filled two
rooms. Wc also saw several cliff d'murrrt of Vnndyck;
hut as all the pictures of the Ilelvidere are described in u
catalogue published in I7H|, I need not enter into any
details reN|»'cting them. I may however nicntinn, (lint
in each room (hern is a list nf (he pictures, (ogethcr with
the names of the masters to whom they are nttributed.
This nrrangeinent is of course exceedingly useful (n
visi(er8 who may not linp|«'n to Ik- accompanied by such
able cieeroiu's as Count IJeehlH'rg nnd Professor Kuger.
While thesis (wo connoisseurs were disputing very
learnedly on the pre-eminenee of the galleries nf Eit-
roiie, anil were coinmenting on the various styles and de-
grees of merit belonging to the dilfercnl painters and
schools, I hinted lo iMr. Uritliths that our iliniier hour
was approaching; and wc accordingly ndjoiirncil from
the gallery of jMirlriits (o the gallery of living cliariie(ers.
We got (o .Mr. Keilly's only a (I'W minutes iH't'orn the
announcement of dinner. The (aide was laid out in u
long gallcrv, at the further extremity of which nn im-
mense Knglish siilelHiard, covered with a profusion of
plate, china, nnd cryshil, denoted the weallli rather than
the good ta'-tc of our host. Mr. K placed on his
right till! Prince Itnyal of Havnria, niid on his lelX the
Prince Hoyal of Wirlemlnirg. The rest of the company,
consisting of n mimerons assiMnhlage of princes, gene-
rals, ministers, *V e. rang! d tlK'iii;.el\'es ns tliey pleasi'd. I
had llie good loitune lo gtt iouleJ lit.\t lo Sir Sydney
Siiiilli, whom' eiiii\ersatii.u was |Heiili.iily nilrn-bling, in-
asimieh as il hnpis lad to turn on i v< iil.s in w Inch ho had
llilll.sllf llri II |« Ts.ill.llly eonerrnid.
.•^ir Syilni y .Smitli hid ln.l, lik" many olhcr fon igil-
s, Isiii ihiiwii to (he coiign-s of \ i.'iiiia till rily by
iiiolivis of ciirio-ily; his ol.jii t was leil I, ss |h,lili<al
than philiiillinipie.il. Id inl, liI. il lo app. il In tin- mag-
iiuiiiiii(y of the (.unn i^iis wiih (he vi. » .il' imlin ing
iliiiii to pill a sdip (.1 III,, ontnigi.s eonimiUid by (ho
piiMt. .s of ,\li;ii IS anil I'liiiiv. II,. hi.|H'il lo i \i it. a i in-
-aile, of which I.e would ilediin liiiiiself the h'.iihr, and
the oliji el of whii.li was t.i aiiniliilite fur e\i r (lie oili.sis
lialfie ill white sla\is in .\!rie.i. lie ti.lil me thai he.
was arraii_;ing in pr.i|Hr order llie (Iniiiiiii nif eoninctiil
« itii the siil.|cct, with whieh soiiie laigli-li Miiiilies li.til
iiriiidiiil liiiii; "And I shall somi," le- .iiMiil, "hiilimil
tlieiii (o the eoiisiileradon of (lie illii~lrions iiidivi.liials
who I lio|K will Ih I le Ihr p,ilniii.~ of my aiili|iin.lii".|
locidy; for a mei'ling will m ry sli..rlly Ih' lonv.iked (or
tli,i( |inr|Hi.s, ," I nipii sled that he would lel in.' know
(he (iinc (iir whieh (he met (ing wnn II.miI, whieh he
kindly promisid (o do.
".\iiii(liir olijec(, no hss iin|Hir(an(, biings me (o Vi-
iina," added he; "I came in\es(ed with (Kiwcrs from
(ius(aviis .Vdiilph'iis, who, under (he (i(le nf jtiike of Hil-
s(t in. Iris intrusb'd me (o jireseiil (o (In- coii;;ress his dc-
I laralion n hlive (o bis claims to the (hroiie of Swcilen.
In eonsiileration of my rank ns nn oMiicr in (he Swedish
na\y, and a knight ol the order of the sword, he has
deigned to honour me with his confidence. I feel proud
of Ibis lestiiiionial of esteem, on the part o(' (he mitiirdi'
ii.i(e monnreli, and I w ill rai>c my \oii e (o ilelind his
lights. In lliat assembly, whore lliii words jiislice, repii-
ralion, and legitimacy, are sacredly invoked, 1 will
o|» lily np|H'al to tlu' conseieiiec of the rnonnrelis, and in
sup|Mirt of my arguments I will refer them to Ihiirown.
!(', I'onlrary (oall proli.ihilily.my cause should fail lieliiie
Ibis angii.st (rihimal, I will li-arlessly bring it beliire the
parliament of Kngland. I will ask why » legitimate
king is deprived of his [mwcr; why the lirmcst i in my
of llonn|iarle is to 1k' the victim of his intrigues; uiiil
why (he sovereign, who, widi cliivalrotis (lairagc, was
the tlrsl (o adaek the colossus, should Ih^ f irsakeii in hi:i
iiilsfortiine. It is a well-known (iiel lliaf .Nnpolcnn never
loigiiM' (misI.ivus Adolpliiis tiir repnmcliiiig him as ho
did widi (he Duke (I'Knghien's murder ; liir reealling his
imhassnilor Iroiii I'nris ut the time of (he diiKe's deadi ;
and finally, for redtiiiing to (he King of Prussia the dc-
eoradoii of (he black cngh', which had nUo Ikcu sent (o
Itonajiartc ; t ttislavns alleging as his reason tor rejeeling
it, that he could not wear on order which wnidd mukii
him Ihe hrodier in urms of an assassin. I am well
aware," continued the admiral, "that I shall Ih' tobi the
king himself signed his net of uhdieution; but I will
answer thai he wus then a prisoner ; nnd even though,
yielding lo ciremnstanees, lie renouured his own claim
to llie throne, is it to Is- exjH'Cted that he shoiild disinherit
his son, and dethrone his dynasty ? The prince, who is
allied to bo many sovereign houses, the descendant of
(!nstaviis Adolplms, (•ustaviis Vasii, and Charles XII.,
must inspire tlie inti'rest w liich is attached lo such gri'at
n'collcctioiis. Surely at the present nioiiieiil, when priii-
cipb's are invoked, it is ini|Kissihle to eoinmit the iiieoii-
sisteiicy nf rejecting tlie most sacred of principles, viz.
that of heri'ditary succession, sup|>orled by so much
glory and Ihe duration of centuries." — "Hut, admiral,"
observed I, "iKdicy, the faith of promises, and the gene-
ral interest, are things which cniinot lie lost sight of;
the congress cannot annul (hose solemn nnd public ae(s,
or even those secret tri'aties, which ensure to l>i'riiadot(e
and (o his dynasty (be |M'aceful |Missessioii of the throne
of Sweden. His einincnl service lo the Kuro|N'un cause
cjiii never Is' rceoiii|M'nsed hy sni'h treachery ; he eaiinol
l«! hurled from the high illation lo whieh lie has Ihcii
raised hy tli<^ unaniiiioiis voice of Ihe ■'Swedish iiadoii,
and which he has hilherto shown himself so worthy to
fill. The allies will nut force iijhiii (he Swedes (he mo-
narch whom they have rejeedd, and whose condiiel
hilherto has |Krhaps justified dieir revolt. I liave'-cii
informed, siiie4! my arrival in Vienna, dial shortly artcr
die ballh! of I.eiiwie (Jiistnvus wrote lo Nn|Milcoii, rc-
r|iiesting tlint he would (icrmil him lo enter his service;
or nl least that he would ensure lo him a refuge in
I'rantt." — " Yes," obstrved the admiral i " and il niny be
I V '< 1." ', ,^il
rt ''vt
lU. ■ •W;,1 , .If;
!
<^
e ' . ■. vT
■,' 'I
'I
191
iOt'RNAL or A NOBLEMAN
II! ,
:» ;p;-:
-f^:'^'
added that Napolenii di-idained to extend his hand to a
lirostrate foe." — "Ah, Sir Sydney, a tillir of plory often
pursue!) its ponsessor in adversity, and throws a lustre
over misfortune ; and jn the e<|uivocal situation of lius.
tavns Adolplius, misfortune must be sup|)ortcd with dig-
nity to render it respectable. I have always observrd
that, in adversity, those arc most pitied who live in re-
tirement and avoid attracting attention. But, after all,
there is no little honour to be earned in rnilini; in sueli
an attempt ; and you, admiral, like our Abbe Delille, will
deserve to lie called le rourlimn (lit maUieur." — " As I
htivo never hc^en a courtier except to fallen fjreiitness, I
will be firm to my principles, and ilefend the interests of
Oustanis, who is in all res|icctR worthy of snpiwrt.
Surely the rigliU of the |)eople will not Iki contended for
in a conffrtss, in which legitimacy is the only (jod in-
voked. If, to the inisibrtune of mankind, there is no
tiilmnal to which an ap|)cal may be made apainst arbi-
trary acts, iwstcrily will at least pronounce judgment,
nnH will uny that if tlustavns has l)ccn the object of envy
and animosity, it iu Iweausc brilliant qualifications and
fxalted rank seldom escape the attacks of calunmy. On
the throne as well as in private life, it is unjust that chil-
dren slioidd Kuft'er for tiie faults of tlieir (larcnts ; and
now that all Kuropc is almut to be remoulded, would it
not be easy to extract from the vast crucible parts
•uougli for all whohavo any claini to coni|)en8ation ?"
'I'hc inereasinfr interest of the admiral's conversation
induced me to ask him for some details of his adventur-
ous life, which he very readily gave nie. The incidents
he describod were so various and extra' rdiiiary, that they
eecnied to belong as nmch to romance as to history :
passing rapidly from the happy days of his boyhood, to
the b.'illiant [wriod of his youth, he recapitulated tlie
principal events of his life in nearly the following terms;
" After the pi'ncc of I if. 1, being unemployed, 1 entered
the ."Swedish service. On the glorious naval victory of
IT.'II, Ihc king invested nic with the grand cross of the
order of the sword. Shortly after I entered the Turkish
service, whence Ix^ing recalled by a proclamalion from
my own sovereign, I acconi|ianied Lord Hood to Toulon ;
and on our evacuation of that place I burned the French
ships in the |iort. In 17116, being stationed before Havre,
I captured a French privateer; but a calm ensuing, I was
prcvcntcil from securing the prize. A sailor having fc-
cretly cut the cable, the (lood tide carried me into the
Seine, where, being attacked by a superior force, I was
obliged to surrender. I was conveyed to I'aris, and con-
fined in the prison of the Abbaye. (Some friends, by
means of a false order, enabled me to eflect my esea|)e,*
and 1 returned to London. I was then appointed to the
command of the Tiger, eiglity-gun ship, with which I
was ordered to wuteh the coast of F.^rypt. Af\er having
bombarded Alexandria I suileil lor Syria, where my pre-
Boncc induced the pasha to defend St. Jean d'Aero ; and
with my assistance he obliged the French to raise tlie
siege; on that occasion the Buh.-in prcnented mo with an
aigrette of considerable value. On my rrlu'n to London
I received the freedom of the city, together with a pre-
sent of a sword from the corporation. In IH03 I was
elected a memlwr of Parliament for Rochester, and 1
held niv scat until the rupture of the (leare of Amiens,
when I obtained tlio command of liin Antelope, In
1805 I was made a rcar-iidminil, and I prneecdcd to the
MediterraiU'an, whore I luok Caprea after a siege of
some hours. When, in 1807, llonB|iarte declared that the
house of Braganza had eeiiscil to reign, I conveyed the
Prince Ilegent of Porlugiil and his family to Hrnzil, and
•oon after I was ap|Kiinled see.ind in enmmiind to the
flee' i<: the Mediterranean, in which ktalinn I remained
until the general peace."
To this brief narrative, whii:h was reloted witli n
charming air of simplicity, I lisleneil with s\i(;h profound
intpri'*!- that I ilid not pcieeive the monotony of Air.
T't.illy H dinner, which, though sumptuous, ap|M'iired dull
to every one (s'rhaps except mi' and the interesting indi-
vidual who sat next me. The eminent |KTsiins who had
boon brouu'hl toge(!nr either by tlieir own curiosity or
the impiirtuiiity of their hust, ap|H<arc<l to labour under
a certain degree of restraint. In spite of profusion of
rxprnsr, exipiisite rookery, and costly wines, (he whole
went otf heavilv. anil every one npp<<arcd to look with
impatience to tfie moment of departure.
At nine o'clock the company adjourned to the draw-
ing-room, where coffee and ices were served. In iinita-
• AlHiiii ihooiidof A|irr, I7!tf>. n n-wilsri<brri<r ' nnnnrsMs iIp
psrititr for F-ayp». **lt Hyilni'v Hmiili. who so iMiwrrrnlly rnntribii
Isil In hi* ri-vriiii'i*, pursjini from iIm» Tprnpli'. 'rills tirninisunri*,
Ihmnti of o'l «rnni linixirtnnri' In lliwir, iirnvrd iliu iiii'jiiii i.f itn
rvnilnstlii^ inntt Rlunnhr pr'tV**. ntitl prnhshlv prrvi'nhstihp r^vn
tn'toM (if i)i«i Kmi. How viitn ti Is in itrrlt f.ir fi'*ftt rsiisos fbr
(ml tvtnU !
tion of a Russian custom, tevcral tables wc-re <'overi'd
with the valuables and curiosities of dilTereiit kinds which
>tr. R had collected in the course of his travels.
This gave the room the appearance of a nuisrum. Tl..'
Tyrolean minstrels, who were then quite t) In moilr iil
Vienna, sang some of their native melodies j but even
these enlivening mountain strains had not power to
banish the ennui which in-rvaded the whole party. Mr.
R , to do him justice, made every exertion to enter-
tain his guests; hut in vain; and in spite of wliisi, sing-
ing, and every other amnsement, he found it iiii|iossibIe
to thaw the ice which beruinbed all prcFcnl.
By ten o'clock most of the company had, under va-
rious prclcnces, succeeded in getting away. I made my
esca|ie unpcrceived; and I could not help reflecting on
the absurdity of the man who had taken so much trou.
ble, and s|K'nt so much money, for the sake of producing
so unsatisfactory a result ; for throughout the whole even-
ing, all seemed to be asking each other, how and why
are we here ?
I have sinec learned that, after the congress, Mr.
R left Vienna, and proceeded to Paris. His wealth,
which was the subject of so much mystery and wonder,
was obtained at the gaming table, and it speedily flowed
back to the source whence it had been derived. Reduced
to abject misery, as at one time or oth i' the victims of
that dangerous passion usually are, he ail'Jrcsscd, from
his humble abode at Versailles, appeals to the bounty of
those who had formerly partoken of his splendid ban-
quets: like the celebrated gamester Bcauvarlet, who,
seated on the steps of tlie mansion whicli had once been
his own, gambled with the money thrown to liim by
ills old associates.
CHAPTER XIX.
I'lieipiTii'il mreiing wlih Ihc I'riii'-e lie I.liine— Ills iiinniir", niid
nni (mi) .ili'jut love—Cuuiit ZavniluwBki— His unlucky ftdveii-
tiin:.
How many errors nnd regrets might be spared, if we
had always siiftieicnt forethought to ask ourselves what
at a future time we should think of any action we are
about to iH'rforni, — what value we should allacli to the
objec;, the attainment of which we eagerly desire, — and
in what light we should regard the gratification of a pas-
sion, which for a time absorbs the whole soul. To think
of the time to come, during the time present ; to trans-
|)ort oneself in idea into futurity, if it be Ihc greatest ef-
fort of man over himself, is also the best security for the
correctness of his actions.
It Avaa late when I left Mr. Rellly's, and the night
lieing very fine, I returned home by the ramparts. I was
far from cx|iecting to meet any one I knew ; for in spite
of Ihc various amusements of Vienna, and the numerous
foreigners who thronged to them, nil in general relir.-d
to their homes liefore midnight. In one of the bastinns
.vhieh projected over the moat I |H'rceivfd at a liltle <lls-
tance a lull figure wrap|>ed in a li)jht-coloured cloak,
whicli in Ihc moonlight looked very much like Ihc ghost
in Ilnmlet. Turiosily induced me to approach; onil it
was not ivilhout surprise that I recognised the Prince de
Ligne. — " Ah, prince !" I exclaimed, "what are you
iloing here at this lute hour, nnd on so cold o night?" —
" In love," replied he, "all the charm is in Iheb4>ginniiig;
and therefore I like to renew that beginning as often us
|K)ssible; but at vour age I was waited for; at mine I
am obligiil to wait; and what is worse, I wait to no pur-
pose." — " I presume, prince, you are here on an assigna-
tion I" — " Yes ; but unlbrlunnlily you see I am alone." —
Ah, prince! if it be Iruc flint a woman can enjoy no
happiness except by the reflection of nnollier's glory,
where is the woman who would not be proud to owe her
happiness nnd glory to you ?"
' Prince," said I, " I will not iiilrude u|)on yon any
longer," — " And I," replied he, "will not wiiit niiy longer.
I^enil me your arm, nnd let us go homewards." .As we
wnlki'd nioiig, the prince's conversation bore n tinge of
nielaiieholy, which was rviiliiitly the temll of the little
diwpiHiintment he lind just sustained. " One iiiighl be
lemplid to believe," said he, "llint in life refleetioii comes
only ns n Inst inisfortiiiie. Wlienohl, we live by Hie henrl
Hiui the iinaginntioii ; when the JHwIy begins lo deeny, it
is only love that oau warn us we slill live.]' — " Yes,
prince ; bill the ndvnnlage of ex|ierienee and reason
must not be forgotten," — "'I'rue, reason hel|)s us lo Ink',
rate and eonsoU', and that is lo love," lie then reverted
to some of (he brilliant iiicidiiits of his long enrecr; de-
lailiiig several of his fents of arms, witlioiil foigelling
the moments he had devoted lo love. " Dili," added he,
as h« finished the picture, " life is like a riip of clenr
watMi wliieh it disturbed as \vn drink it ; the flrtt drops
are ambrosia; but the sediment is at the bottom, AiV:
all, what does it signify? Man arrives at the tonil. ,i
t lie wanderer reaches the threshold of his home;— anj
here I am at mine. Uaod night!" I then left thai p,
cellent and extraordinary man, whose only foible perhap,
was that of not accommodating his taste to his aijc, n;
giving credit to the fable of the Loves crowning the gttt
hairs of Anacreon with roses.
As I was walking slowly homewards, I found mKij
at the door of the Roman Eni|)eror hotel, which Cat.
Zavadowski was just entering. He invited me to lake,
glass of punch with him ; and I followed him lo tn
apartment.
('omit Zavadowski was the son of a favourite miuj,!,,
of Catherine II., and on the death of his father WcanK
heir to n vast fortune. I hod known him very will u
St. Pelersburg, where his noble birth, his amiable injt,
nets, nnd a fund of information far be^'ond his vein,
rendered him a favourite in the mott distinguished cir
elcs of Ihc Russian capital. On the conclusion of pejt,
he pro|ioscd visiting tlie diflerent capitals of Eurois', anil,
with this view, proceeded straight to Vienna, during il,, I
silting of the congress. This was of course an etctl- 1
lent preface to the liook of the world, every pag; ^ |
which he was anxious to (icruse. I
" I have been spending the evening," said he, "»i4 j
my relati.nn Prince Razumowsky, who gave a ImH h I
honour of the Empress Elizabeth's Saint's day. 'fl» |
heat was excessive, nnd I came away before supper,
gave him a desciiption of Mr. Reilly's dinner, on i,
count of which he had already heard from the PriDa|
Royal of Wirtcmburg.
I expected next morning two Hungarian horses to d I
sent lo me, which I v»-a» assured were the best trolteriiil
Vienna. As I wished to purchase them, I asked lit I
count to accompany me to tlic Prater to trjr them, whitil
he promised to do. While we were talkmg aboiittntl
ting horses, of which 1 think none in Europe equal ihm I
employed in the Russian sledges, for tlie winter races « I
the Moskwn, the count prepared to undress. He obnemt I
that he was much fatigued with dancing, as lie lindbtul
teaching the Mazurka to some German ladies, wlioirn'[
(irevniled on to substitute the graceftU elegance of hi
'olisli dance for the slitT formality of tlic minuet. "Cm\
night, then, count," said I ; " I will put out the liglit>.u^|
give this lioiicie to your valet de chi'inbre. Be rcodTlnl
morrow at 10 o'clock."
Next morning the horses were harnessed in my cnrrhl
cle, and at Ihe appointed hour I was at Zuvadnntlii'il
door. On entering I was met by his valet, who tnidiKl
that tlie count was not yet up. " How ! not up ?" I n.1
claimed, " nnd in bed before midnight : — a lozy felloi
I'll soon rou^'e him." I entered his chamlier, unri fougil
hiseurtnins closely drawn. "Come, come, Znvadnwtii,'
snid I, "wlial means this? I hope you are iiol ill'"-
He rniscd his bind from the pillow, nnd drowinj; liil
hand across his eyes, as if to dash aside a teiir, lie M.f
claimed, "Alas! my dear futlier, why did I losclhrt'
— "Count," resumed I, "what nils you ? Whnt mfl»|
elioly dream has revived the memory of your father (I
this moment? Come, come, the horses are at tliodocr.'f
— "My dear friend," replied he, " it is no drenni, hulil
»ad reality. I lost Iwn millions last night!" — "VuA
diiwski, nre you iiind 7 I tell ynu, you nre in lieil,»lKfil
I left you last night. I extinguished the lights nivWl
iM'fore I went nwiiy. Are you dreaming or aslre|i -I
" Neither, my IViend ; but I nm awakened from u tlffll
which I could fuin have wished had Ix-en my Ini-I. Z — I
and Count It called on me after you went u»'«y, lliI
candles were lightid; we played the whole night, aiiilll
Inst two millions of rubles, for which they have my bilk'!
I ailvnnced lo Ihe window, and on drawing aside ilirrti.l
lain, I saw the chninlMr strewed with cards. A I'cn (JMll
hours hnd eomplcled the ruin of the uiiforliiiiiilr yniirti
iiinii. " My dear enmit," snid I, " in all prolwliililv lliif
is merely a joke, inleiuh'd lo iilnrm you. I'e enmlirMl
They cannot surely iiilenil lo rob you in this nay. Il
will go lo Ibem iinmcdinlely. They cease In Ir nil
friends if they h"silale tiir one moment to nilopi Ibl
course which iioniinr dictates."
In a (iw minutes I w"" nt Z 's lodginf!'. Iwl
deaviiiired by every |)nssilde nrgnment. In prevail onkitl
to relinquish his unjust elniins. I |>rinled oiil Uir lilill
Cdiiaiupii nces that might ensue to himself, if llif 'Hut
should reach Ihe e.irs of the eni|H'ror, whose nn'r>i(«iil
gaming wns well known, nnd who, I said, unulil i»l
ilniilitedly inake some signnl example, for Ihe pntfiitt^
cheeking Ihe practice niiiong his olHrers. Iliil ill «|
enilenvours lo bring liliii to n sense 'if jiistire «err«»|
v.iiling. He ridieiileil whnt he (irmeil my sinlimmliil
pn'hos, and concluded by expressing the hii|ir ihiilr
Tan w.inl «,.„f I,.,,
'i.i'i|e, iinicclliin iiiii (
AT THE COXGKESN OF VIENNA.
lie bottom. AlV:
's at tlie toiiil) ij
r his lionu'i— aiij |
tlicn Ic'lV that n-
mly foible pethapi I
ste to liis Bifc, ir„i
crowning tlicgtty ]
Is, I founil mvFFii I
lotcl, which CVai). I
ivited nil' to lake 1 1
llowcd him to hu I
1 favourite nuni^tn I
hit! fttthtr liccaiM I
n him very wdl « I
, his aniinbk' mit. I
bc^'ond hilt y^•^^l
Ft distingtiislird cir
conclusion of jicitt,
tals of Europe, >ni. I
Vienna, during ilJ
of course an Hcd- 1
)rld, every pogt »;
ip," snid he, "»nll
who gave a ball u I
1 Saint's day. 'fkil
ly before supper. 1 1
illy's dinner, on «.[
ird from the rtisal
riparian horses to t< I
re the best troltfr>ii|
I! thcin, I asked tin I
T to try them, wliril
re talking abouttnil
n Europe cquolthwl
r tlic winter races ot I
undress. IleobKcmtl
icing, as he hndbttjl
man ladies, whownr
ceful elegance of llii|
f Uie minuet. "Gm^I
put outthcligbt>,iDll
puibrc. Be rcndynl
irncsscd in my am\
|was at Zuvadnwtlii'il
lis viilct, who tiildiK
tow '. not up ■"" I a|
light ; — a lazy friloi:
clmmlier, and fomil
come, Znvadow«ki
you ore not ill ' "■
i\v, ond drawin); Ul
aside a tear, he n
Ihy did I lose Ihrt"
I you 7 Wlint mel»l
Iry of your I'nlhet t\
Irsesaro at thedoot."|
|it is nn dream, ban
isl night '."—"Zati-|
on are in IiciI,\\1kii[
•d the lights niyw
lining or iisleep ' -
keiH'd from u tlrt^|
iK'on my Inhl. Z-
i)U went away. Tkl
whole niiilil, ond I
Ihiy have inyhilk'
awing aside llirm.
Ii earuc. A ten «hal|
uiiforlumitc y<'\n\
II all prnliability i»[
on. I'c i<iiiili lifil
■ou in this «»y.
ley cease In !»■ ml
imenl to nilnpl M
t-'i lodgings. iM
nt, to prevail on m
lir iiiled mil Oir l'ilil|
liinself, if Hie »IIi«
, whose overniiin*
I said, wmilJ •
, for the piiri'w'
iHrers. Ibil »ll »!
If just ire wereui*
leil my seiitimmli
Ig the li«|>e lliilli
10.1
would pivc hiin a ehaiiee of winning my euiriile luid
u.iir ul' Hungarian horses ; in which case, lio observed, I
should have an o(i|)ortuiiity of preaching for myself. 1
indisnantly left him.
Kroni thi: ollieer I went to the diploinatist, wlioiii I
found, if (HHsible, still more devoid of feeling. lie made
a Ion" «i>'fi'li to prove to me that nothing was more
honest and honournblo tliaii to rouse a young man ol'
nvcntv from his lied at midnight, for the pur|iose of rob-
liiiiir liiui of his Ibrliuie. " Is it worth while to make so
luauy wordi about the loss of a few daninnchkios .'" [the
iiauio lor papir mom y in Russia,] said he. " We huvi
(laiuiants hero for thrones wliicli have been lost in an
unlucky game ; but do you think their apjieals will Ih-
listened to? You saw the pentleninn who left inc just
as you entered: — that was tlio IMuniuis Drignolo. lie
has come li'TC to suu for the iiulcpendoncc of (ienoa. He
U ambassaiior iVoiii the expiring republic, and here is the
euerL'etio protest wliieli he iiilrnds to address to the eoii-
irress. Vou in.iy read it. Rut in spite of all liis logic
lionoa will be given to riedmont. The winner must
have the winnings. Venice with all her ancient wisdom
has disap|)cared. The Adriatic has not swallowed her
up; bill Austria has won her, and Austria will have her.
.Malta solicits from the congress only her arms and Iut
ruck { but it is said Ejigland lias won her, and let England
keep Ikt. Prussia has won Sj jny, Sweden Norway,
and Russia I'olaml. All Europe is now at play round a
large green table ; kingdoms arc the stakes, and a diplo-
matic shake of the ilic<! may win a hundred thousand,
two liumlred thousand, or a million head.s.» Why should
iiut I win a few scraps of paper, when fortune is inclined
to favour me 7" — " But from your friend, t'oniit I"
j— "I'shawl why talk to mo of friendship ? Is friendship
[or even relationship ever taken into account in the win-
Iiiings and losings of crowns and sceptres? Aly dear
ll'ellow, Kigiiro long ago decided that ' te qui ett bun li
Ijiff/ii/if, e»l '"in i) giinlrr.' "
I This liearth'ss sophistry I treated with thn contempt
lit deserved j and 1 returned sorrowfully to my |)oor
llVlenil Z ivadnwski, to acquaint him with the ill success
of inv rndeavdurs to serve him.
1 knew it," said hi" ; " there is but one way to deal
Ivith such |Wople, and I will try it" lie resumed all his
Iwonted coolness, dressed liiiiiself, and went out to call on
tlio grand chamberlain Narislikin, whom he no doubt
il.dud to inlbnii of his ili^iiister, and the justice he c.v
Lcted to receive. lie would not allow me to accoin|iany
liiiii, nnd I w(mt uloiie to try my horses, hoping tliat my
Irive leiiulil help to divert away the painful state of feel-
liii; whii'li the lust twenty-four hours had produced.
1 Sueli events as the above wen^ not of rare occurrence
III Itussin, where the passion lor gaming was carried to
'\treme, which hut too fully verified thu observation
»r Miidmie Deshonilliers, " Oh cnmmenee pitr titt dupf,
in riiiil fHir the fripiin." I have orten heard anecdotes
liilch proved that it was no unusual thing for vast for-
luii's In cimnge e viiers ill the course of a lew hours.
|lulthc instance above related, from the extent of the mmi,
Indtlie short time in which It was lost and won, seemed
■xhihit a refmemi^nt in the uit scarcely to lie ex|K'eted,
oiiHidiring the ages of the parties, the eldest of whom
fas nut Iwenty-lhreo.
'I'he resi.lt I'ully verified what I had hinted to Z .
Ill' K.n|«'ror Alexander, « ho eiitert^iineil the greatest
■like nf gaming and gamesters, heard the story, which
Ured made Niuiie noise in Vienna at the time. I'Vom
[lilt ninnient iie withdrew his tiivour from Z , who
Did nie, when I suhseqiienlly met him in I'aris, that he
luld rather have lost half his fortune than the atlair
^iinild hn\'' hap|K'iied, and that he should always regret
nt having fciliowi'd my advice when 1 urged him to
^rriiige It.
Count Zavailowski anil Count II met, and toiight
mil swords. Zavadowski wounded his adversary, but
n.u< senteneed only lo a small lino. However, Alex-
idir iievi r fiirgave him ; for, on thu count's application
lie attaelied to the liussiau emhnsay to Kjorenee, the
kn|ieinr coupled his rel'tisal with the following observi-
|nii :—
In eiinsiilernliun of the •■niees rendiTed to our
ui|ii.t mother by your lather, (oiiiit Zavailowski, I par-
im Iho iiideeoruua preiiimplion of your mquetl."
I ' Tin w.inl hull waa miplnyiHl In all tlH> Mlp ilAlliriis r,ir llie
ni'li.i<i|e, imu'rjIinK nui of leirllery, tie.
(.'HAI'IEU XX.
IlilMur nl IMnre'l'nlli'vranil'.'— Ilii (miiil.nn si llie enncie».— .«oiim-
of liis (iiMM — 'file Duke «r Hirli.liiii— Iniini Vmtk ih llortio—
.Newly (lexj^ed eniirerl nl eitiir: — Ituyitl lluliliiif; piirl\— Tile ini-
|Mf..s III' Austiei H lieMinly m slj<ii'>uii|.'— .Viienl.ile' rilalive lo
llt.t Cioeeii I'lirisiina oI' Hwedell.
A stranger visiting Vienna at the lime of the congress,
merely us a looker on, would probably have been struck
with nothing but the eonfusiou that prevailed there ; hut
had lie hecoinc nn actor in the busy seeiir, it would have
ossuined a dillereiit aspect in his eyes, nnd the contact of
the distinguished individuals present would have awaken-
ed a thousand ideas and hopes.
For sonu! lime after my arrival in Vienna I had been
so constantly engaged, that w ith the exception of a few
lew formal visits lo the iiiembers of the French legation,
I had had no communication with them, thougli several
among them were my intimate friends. France was re-
presented at the congress by Prince Talleyrand, the Duke
Dullierg, and C^ouiit .Vlexisde Nuuilles, wliusi naiiKs are
titles of the highest merit. M. de Talleyrand seemed
indeed to be the most iiiHuential meinbcr of the diplo-
matic assembly, in which the ascendancy of his wit and
talent was not less conspicuous than it had previously
Im'cii in his own saloons at Paris and Neuilly. France nt
that lime stood In a situatiem equally dilfienlt with rcs|ieet
to i\iernal and internal ulfairs. Enthralled in the em.
harraKsments and disunion arising out of a new organi-
sation, the French government was neither able nor will-
ing to manifest any thing like vigorous measures. The
great (lowers, the arbiters of the congress, tlierclbre
maintained a degree of concord uiipiiralleled in the re-
cords of diplomai'y ; and the representatives of France,
by talents of the first order, smoothed away the obstacles
raised up by a quadruple alliance with all its power and
iinportunec.
I was invited lo dino with Prince Talleyrand, and I
naturally looked forward with some impatience lo the
appointed day, for I had not been iu company w ilh thai
celcbraleil man since my early UiylKxid. I found him
still remarkable lor his is'in trating glance, the immova-
bility of his t'eatiircs, and the airs and manners of a man
of rank. The prescuee of iiiy friends M.M. Uoucii and
dc Haing liol|H'd lo give me eonfidenee in appearing
iK'fore that court of wit, of which a cireumstunce of my
youth contrihiiled not a little to inspire me u ith awe.
At nn early hour I arrived at the hotel of the French
embassy. From tlic apartments of Monsieur de Rouen
I descended to the sn/oii lie rircjition, iu which were the
prince, the Duke Dallierg, and the Countess de Perigord,
.M. de Talleyrand's niece, who did the honours of her
uncle's house. The prince received inc with thai grace,
ful atfahility which to him is second iiulure, ami, taking
me by the hand, with an air of kindness which carried
me buck to a former [M^iod of my life, he said, " So, sir,
you could not pay me u vi.nil until I came to Vicnnu."
Then, without waiting for a reply, which he pcreeinil
I'rom my embarrasMuent would not he a very ready one.,
he presented me to the Duke Dallierg. 1 knew the
duke, not inily by his |sditieal repnlation, but nl.so by the
character I liuil received of him frcmi the I'ouuless de
Witt, who had Iseii well aci|uaintcd with him at Warsaw .
.Vs to Madame de Perigord, I was in the lialiil of nieet-
lug her every day in company. 'I'lfse eircninslnnccs
soon made me led at home iu a sahiiui in which I ex-
{Hcli'il to witni'ss some of the most animated Kceiies of
the liistorienl drama of Ih" ciuigress, I coidd ncl help
ciingratnloting myself mi niy liirlunnle inlrodnclions nl
N'lenna. I have passed the morning, Ihonglit I, with the
Intelligent anil elegant Priiici' dc I.igiie, and ill the
evening I enjoy the socicly of .M. de Talleyrand; while
the one enlightens my mind by the lessons of his long
cx|K'ricnee, the other will iiline my taste by the luiigic
of his eonversntion, wlileli hiiIiiIucs even when it fails lo
eiuivinci , and that shrewd and jmlieioiis oliscrvation
which foriiiH the most desirable school of tahnt and
mnnners.
Prince Tulleyranil ha* lirrn w) closely rnnnceird with
the great events of his lime, Isilh public nnd secret, thai
it is im|H<nsibb' In skilch a |H>rtr:iit of him withoiit en.
lering into a vavl series v( |"dilienl details. I)f nil the
stalesineii of modern limes, none iM'rlia|w i\er enjoyed
so high a reputation during his lile, on nceouni of the
extraordinary cvints in which he has taken part ; nnd
for llml very reason history alone can see nnd deserllM
Ilia eharneler in its Iriie light.
The dinne niirly was smnll, a eireiniislaneo nl wliieli
I rejoiced, sii " it nlVorded me the Is'tler opisirtunily of
seeing nnd hearing every individual eom|aming the in-
teresting group.
I Besides the nicmhcrn of tlio French cililuissy, the only
foreigners were Prince Razumowski, (Jciieral Pozwi di
l)orgo,» and the Duke de Uichdicu. When I left the
duke BH)dessu, where I s|K'iit some inonllis with him,
he was in a most distressing sitnaliim. 'i'he |dngue was
raging in his governments of Chcrsou nnd Tanrida, and
it was only by the most arduous exertions that he suc-
ceeded ill ridding himself of the Icrrilie visilnnl. On
meeting him again at Vienna, my ipicstioiis were as
rapid as my joy was sincere. I sat at tnhh? Iielwccn him
and .Al. de la Uernnrdiere ; and wc talked of the horrors
of the terrible scourge, with Ihe interest with which
shipwrecked sailors may be supposi d to revert lo thu
dangers liny have escaped friuii. All who know tlio
Duke dc Richelieu entertain tor him the sincere res|>cet
which he could not fiiil lo inspire. Few imii have given
proofs of such nobleness of mind and rigid disiiilciested.
ness, in the high olhces he has lieen called to fill : his
reward is the universal estimation in wliicji his name it
held.
He related lo nic a number of inleresling anecdotes
eoncerning some of the inhabitants of O.lessn ; and iia
the duke spoke in a very loud lone of voici', the other
guests were unavoidably drawn into our conversation.
Thus, during the whole time of dinner, nolliing was
Bjiokcuof bntthe plaglie,of which M.de Richelieu painted
the disasters nl Odessa, while I dcseribi d what I had
wiliieSBcd al Conelanlinople. (Jradiinlly, however, other
subjects were stiirlcd, and the cimversation bcenme
general. M. Pozzo di Korgo, w hom I now met for tho
first time, ap|)eared to me In combine, with n eonsiihra-
hie fund of inliirmatimi, theslirewdne.ssof mind common
among his eonnlrymcii. From the eonimc iiccinent of
his career, he had "been the dcclnrcd enemy of llonaparte,
and he did not disseinble the snlisfactiou be cx(i< riciiccd
at his ilownliill. He pointed out, with great clearness
of r(\i8oniiig, all the circumstances which had accelerated
the enlaslroplie.
When wi' retired to the drawing-room, we fonnd a
number of distinguished personages assembled. On
seeing most of the memlH-rs of the diphunalie Istdy
grouped round M. de Talleyrand, a stranger might have
supposed that his hotel was the place appoinli'd for Ihe
sittings of the congress. The Countess ile Perigord,
who did the honours with her usual grace nnd ipiiit,
tempered the occasional dryness of the pcditical discus,
sums, which, ill the course" of the evening, Inriied upon
the alluirs of Saxony. M. de Talh yrnnd iiiainlaincd Ihe
rights of that coniitiy with dignity "niiil sound logii: : •' ft
li.is been the fule of Saxony," siilil he, "to lie too fro-
qiicntly drawn into (piarrcls'to which she ought to have
been a stronger, and Ihe conseciucnces of wlileh hovo
several limes proved filial lo her. Angu.stus of S'lxony,
by allying himself with the Czar Peter, dnw Charles
XII. into Poland; Augustus II., by Inking ])Brl in two
wars of Frederick II., abandoned liis stales, and retired
to Warsaw, w here he for|iol his disasters in the bosom
of pleasure. For upwards of forty years Saxony has
llourishcd ipiietly and unenvied, di'sli'nguii«lied onlv for
the |iaternnl mildness of her governiiient and her ciiitiva-
lioii of the arts. Saxony may he more falnllv involved
in the presi ill inslanee than she has ever Is'in betbrc ;
yet it is contiminlly rcmurlicd here, that the king ia
saved, though he cedes the two I.usalias, the eirelcn
of , the county of , the dnteliy of — ,
\ e. The king imiv Is' saved, it is true, but ihe kingdom
is hisl. What w ill Saxony br when Pruuia ihall touch
the suburbs of Dresden I"
A wiirmurgumenl arose Is'lwecii r.ordCosllcreagh nnd
the French envoys: which however I did not liciir, as I
hod withdrawn to converse with the Duke de Richi lieu.
When the duke and I lejoined the eiri Ic, the prince had
iivcrcome the grand arbiter of the dustinies of nations,
ami equity Iriumphed.
Though there is an sir of eoldnrsH nnd rcierve in the
pirsou nnd manners of M. de Tnlli yrnnd, yet liis uMiwed
merit made every one eager to court his llivonr ; nnd
even his npp:irenl coldness si'rved lo incrcuse the vainn
of his interest nnd fVlendihip. All were proud lo ohtnin
:Vom him a kind smile, or u token of uiiprobatimi. lie
possesses IhnI ticxibililv of talent, whicli, wilhnnl efTi.rt
and |H'ilunlry, ennblen him lo shine on great oeeasions.
' Volts
• I'linrr Por.io illlli>r|ii'i enrl)' hlalor; Isnnrrnleil Inilit'
mill 1*1. Heleni," Ihiii: —
" I'li/iui ill llnrjo w ns lite pint of tt plieiiltrril hi Conies, wlitt
itM'il In Irini e||i>, ntlik, nii4 Imliei to ilie IIimiii|iiiiii' ntntlly liiini
;t pnintl hoy, lie was iiollreil lo Mnitnine Mere, wtin pnlit Tor tils
si'lioollnK:nlterHnrilN, lltrotiKit lite Otif repis ot ihr Otiiiliv, tif. n-Rii
I hoHoii ilepiily lo tlir le$l»liiitve boflv, nn titetr nnti were ioo yniitti
lo hr sliirletl. Me rrlornnl lo I'oriilrn «• rinnirntol llelH-lal,
wttt rs lie uittli'il lllttinelf lo reldlitl, «n tin|tlnrnliU' eueinv nt' tlie
lliinnpnrirs, nnd ennpeiinenily lirmniK nnu liUniflT.' — A>le #y tkt
4'i%''. ; ';
m
.h
1^
,'i
< , t
'■■'s
» ,
l-.iiitor.
.' :i\t
Bm
106
JOl'RVAI, OF A NOBLEMAN
I-. '. '.*■■■•-, ^•
I
li^;.<-
M ^1
mill wliiili, ill sociiil iiiUrcoiirsc, lends iiiiinil;il)lc- jjratT
even to tlic most riivoloiis cnnvoriatioii. Siillitiiiil jus-
lloc Ins mver brni rinilenul to M. cloTiillcyriiiHl's Uind-
iic-ss oriiiiirt. He never rendered a service for tlio sake
of ostentation : uud he ia tliu first to forget his own acts
ofsroodiicss.
Tlie party l)roke ii]) nt rather an early linnr, the
Countess do I'eri},'ord niicl most of the eonipany liiinu
ciijatjcd to H concert ut court. We tlierciiirc lel\ the
prince at the <janic of whist, which he usually played
c\ery cvciiin;,'. and \\c repaired to the Ilurp.
The concert was to consist entirely of instrumental
innsic; anil in one of the Rpaeloua apartments of the ini-
IHrinl palace were ranijeda greatnumher of piaiin.forlrs,
on which several professors nd amateurs were to per-
form a concerlanle, led liy the eelehratcd Salieri. 'I'lie
nudience were seated in circular jjallerics; and the
jrcncriil riiii/i il'nii was, lis at all tlie court ciitertaiiiments,
inaKiiifieent and oven da/./.lin/r. As to the perfonuaiiie,
in spito of the high talent of the maestro di capella, it
ini;,'lit lie called a musical lour de force, rather than a
good concert. TIms new surprise was, however, worthy
of tlic ingenuity of the committee npimiiitcd hy the ermrt,
who sought to juslil'y llie confidenco reix)sed in them
by daily inventing eomo new and unc.vjicclcd . nusc-
liient.
Next day Count do Witt and Prince Ypsilanli called
on me to request that I would accompany them to ii
royal hunting party, which had l)een got up for the
amusement of the sovereigns, and which was to take
place in one of the imiwrial preserves, near the castle of
Ijuxcinbourg. The game had been all collected on the
jireceding day ; mid when we arrived, the exalted pir-
nonages for whom the nniuseiiient was destined were
Heated in a vast space prepared for the purpose, Ih'IiImiI
which was an ampliitheatre fiir the com]>aiiy invited liy
the court. Kacli hunter wii» attended liy lour pages,
who loaded their guns for them; and hehiiid the pages
jiii/u'iira armed with lances guarded against luiy jinssi-
bility of dani;er.
At a given signal the liattmri drew together, and al
the same moment there issued from tlic various oiitlels
of the wood a coun'less nunilHr of wild Imars, deer, lia.es,
and other kinds of game, whieh were shot liy the privi-
legi'd sjHirtsmen. The s|H)rt was kept up until the num-
ber of animals killed amounted to several (honsanils.
• i\fy friends and I were stationed at a Utile di.-.liince
from the lOmpress of Austria. Shu always aimi d al
hare's, or some small kind of game, and rarely missed
licr mark !
(tn our return home Ypsilanli exprcsFeil himself sur-
prised at tile extraonliii iry dexterity of' the empress,
" I'oulitless," oliicrMil ' -Aw takes her aim with won-
derful u'-curary ; Imt in arsenal of Stockholm I h.ivi
seiii a earliine with wliieli, it is ainrnieil, Queen Cliris-
lini amii.<ed herself hy shooting flies in her eliainlier 1
Her majusty, it is slid, was an excellent markswoman,
anil iiivir mi.s.scd her aim ! This, it iiiust lie conlissed,
was a novel sort of sporting." " Vim," addi il the
<'<iunl lie Witt, "hut lliat iiinoeent nnmsemeiil was very
dill'erelil from her sanguinary revenge on Mniialileihi al
Foiitainelileau, the cause of whieh has never heiii aeeu.
rately iisei rtained. Hut Christina was exir.ioriliiiary
in every thing: (or example, her abihciition, ahjuralioii,
&!'."
\VV then licgan to l.ilk of Iho pleasures and dlllicultics
of diirri nt kinds of sporting. Vpsil.mli iih.si tmiI, that
in W.ill.n-liia llie hares are so eoiimiiai, that diiiiai.' the
winter Ihe pi a-i.inis hunt Ihi in only with slieks; whieh
Ihey Ihrow al Iheiii so adroitly, that they kill tin or
tttinlv ill a day.
•\a I expelled some friiiids to ihne with me lh.it dav,
I cngaijed Vpsilanli ami l>e \\ ill hi jni ; and wion
afler we reaelieil the Yager-Ziii we sal down to dimier-
I f""!^ ■■ \ ii
urn
cHArrcK XXI.
Dlii'iT j-nriy wiili .-"iih- iih nil - \>HnlMh> r. |,iiicl hv ili -
•Irilllilhll -llrii:;rii|ihinil *l,i-li li .ir llie I eli liriliil I ti-x V,
liiikii A ilr.ril|iiii.ii..r her inlnri' al Tinilrhln-M<H|>' m |it|,iL.
in II— llll-eMMOll llltllM Ml l*lll-t>tf .
My Ihe rapid iinil extraordinary changes of I.iIIit linieu,
how maiiyiiicn have heeii siiddinlvlhrusl out of lln- spin ii
of llieir uHeelJoiis anil lialiil.s, far iVoni the eirele lia whii'li
tale had ilestined them : How niiiiiy \ie|inis of vlolinl
polltleni (wimmnlioiis have ihtIsIiiiI on the roik <mi whieh
Ihey had cllmhed to save themselves from the shipwreck I
llapiiy aril lliosi who, by their iHiirls, have smceeded
III N emiiiiiig the torrent, nnd who, liirniiiir to l'.hkI lie.
rouiil Ihe le-ssiiiiM of their i v|«r|inee, or Ihe \li'jssiiiidi •
of their dislinv, ennle to lliemselvcN n si'coiid yoiilli l.v
till- interest uf llieir ttcolkclions. Slill mon envi.ibh
perhaps are thfise* who, having lived in pe.iceful linir
iiave only to relate a simple imoslenlatious tale, and not
a history, Ihe extraordinary nature of which rccommcr.d
it to poflerity.
Ainoiigllie pri-.-;oiis I had invited to dine with inc were
Sir Sydney Smitli, .M.AI. Uouiii, Isaliey, Itorel,( )m|ikd:i
and 'I'ctleuhorn. The parly was small and hvUel, and
the conversation was coiiseipieiitly animated and im-
eonslrained; nnd all see.iied pleased one wilh anollier
llorel related some of the current anecdotes of the day.
in tliat tone of good nature and simplicity whieh ren-
dered him so dear to his friends. In the world, wliicli
he loved, ho was in his turn Inily lidovcd for his excel-
lent ijualilies of mind and heart; lie was niniahle in Ihe
strictest acceptation of the term ; for he never sought to
appi ar so nt the expense of any one. It was not exactly
so wilh liaron t)nipteda ; he toidk a niinulc survey, no!
of the inlerior of the cahinet of the pleni|)otenliarii s, hnl
he drew aside the curt:iins ot'llie hondoir ; ami his h.'ppy
vein of satirical humour, mingled wilh his imniovalite
Hanoverian mrig fivid, produced a most amusing pii lure ;
his magic kuitern exhibited in animaled colours the pa^c
and the princess, the sovereign nnd lie griselle, and the
conqueror prostrate at the feet of the syren: ;uid these
traits, apparently darted off ut random, never failed to
reach the objects nt which they were aimed. The hiron
seemed to be tlioioughly iiii-tallcd in nil the love in.
trigues of the day ; iind the indiscreet Riissy.Rnliufin, in
his llisliiirc .liiwiinUHe ilis diiiilcn, to which he owed
his liui'T and just exile, did not evince greater boldness
lliaii did Oinjiteda, in quoting from the scandalous
chronicle of the Aii«trian capiUil. I shall not repeat any
of his anecdotes, whieh were no donlil, for t!ie most |parl,
linmded on mere conjecture : but even if positively true,
since they were kept secret there, they need not now
be revealed. " With your talent for ohservatioii nnd de-
.seriplion," said Y|>silanli lo the baron, " why do you iiol
publish 1! picture of Ihe grand drama that is acting here,
aliixing lo cjich of the great actors the seal of his peculiar
genius/" ".\li!" replied Oiiiptcda, "at the present
moment that would be cillier a piece of scrvik' ilatlerv
or hitler satire; nnd inileed, wilh very few I'xeejilions,
Ihe originals noiilil not he worth the colours nnd the
canvass. You know what nxentiern said to his son,
who, on aeenmil of his youth, was unwilling to go to the
enngri'.ss of Minister : ' (Jo, my son ; you will see by what
Mien Ihe world is governed 1' " — " liul baron," oh.-crvcd
Wr. tiiill'ilh.s, "you iiiusi not forget that merit iitlraels
Mi\y as the loadstone allriiels iron."
Isaliey relalid many ainutiiig nnccdolcs in reference
lo the iii.iugiuiilion of Ihe imperial court, where he had
such ample op|«irluiiity to f.liscrve nnd to (•arieature.
lie fully eoneiirred in opinion with I'ascal, who say.',
" Hirii ii'iMl /iliis ilii ti ill niiiili (/lie In lisie." The new
ranks and the new coals of the newly elevated dignita-
rics of the empire allbrili d n vast field fiir the exercise of
his original humour. His deseriplion of the aU'eelalion
of those who made a serious sillily of Ihe art of iiuilaliii!;
the noblemiii of llie old court was in the highest degree
ainiisiiig, especially as Isabev accompanied his descrip-
lions by appropriate aclion. 'I'lie eonversalion gradually
liMik n ililli icMl liirii, nnd each guest gnvc a biognipliii al
skeleh of his life : and certainly the remarkable cm ills
which were ciowili-il logclher In the eareir of some
among them nii;;hl have liirni'ihed malcriiils lijr n vi.liime
or two of anecdoles eomieeled wilh Ihe history of lla
aire. Til ten horn npiiiled with hilt lillle variily tin
hislory he li.iil relati d lo inc on my first nrriv.il in
\'iiima-
Tlie hour had iinw iirrived for Ihe masked riilolln i.l
eoiirl, and we all propoveil to sel oil', proii'isiiig, as ii>iial,
t(i ronehide the e\eniiig w ilh one of I hose pleasaiil |ie.
oics which were then very emlomary at Virnnii.
Having lieipienlly incnlioni il the n.iini off I !)<
Will, hi li.re |NiiiaJiii|r Ihe oiemrenies lit Ihe liil.illo,
Ihe following meiii</r iiiila may not be miucei ptable In
Ihe reader.
One of ||ii> pkues He Were niiwl niixlniis t.i visit in
mr lour lo lliissia was Ihe town of Toulehiii, the c ipll.l,
if I may so call il, ul' llir \,,,-l dooi.iins po^Ms-id hy Ihe
head 111 Ihe fiinily of roloeki. That npiili Hi and Ihr
nil riy |Kiwcr|'u| liuiise was, ut the (urioil of niy tj.ji
there, represeiiled liy a woniaii, Ihe Coimless .Siplmi
rolueka,* Ihe hislory of whose lili- had giu n hi r iiiii
mole eelehrily in this purl nf lairoiK- than in r iiiiiiK use
iiehes, .>ludame I'liloeka « le. al that lime not tar liom
her lilliilh year. Hhe had, liowiMr, hy no mean,, yi I
■ Wli. II a liiiiillv iiniiM 111 I'Hisirili ii.|. |ii«., iIk- |. Mi.ili n.ir' nir
'•l» U)^ ifiblXilllLiI liy iljii lubiiiiuiluii III ail a let llli f
Inst any of her freshness nnd vigour, and she w;ih j,,
every respect entitled to the reputation of U'ing a vi'rv
biaulifnl woman. licr figure wns tall, noininaiiili;i'',
graceful, and extremely well formed, nnd there «ns j„
minlfccled dignity in her deportment which kept Cmj
liarily within thi! proper limits of |rooiI breeding. ||,,'
features were extremely well Ibrmed ; her large lil,,,'-
eyes full of expression nnd vivacity; nnd nn ngncahlc
smile oflcn plnycd upon her lips, which occasionally ,u,
covered a most beantitiil set of tcctli.
'I'he Counless I'otocka was a native of Constanliiiopic
where her father, a repiilcd descendant of the Caiii.,'
euzcnc t;miily, followed the humble calling of n hniclu.,
Ill spile of industry and activity, he found great dilliculir
hi earning a sulliciency to pay his way, nnd maintain In',
will- and his only daughter, So|iliin. The Inttei- hndjii-i
entered her fourteenth year, and her growing beauty n-j!
the admiralion of the wliide neighbourhood.
Kile ordained that the poor liulcher should siitTirr'.
pealed losses, which reduced him to a condition linnl,,.
ing on beggary. His wife unfolded her distressid ,i.^
cumstances to n Orcek, one of her relations, who «,,
dragomnn to the French embassy, nnd who, in his Im^
relaled the story lo the .Marquis ilc Vuiiban, the min.
sador. 'J'liis noblemnn Ix'cninc interested for the nii!;t.
tuiiate nuiiily, nnd cspeeinlly for 8ophin, wlmni i.i,
oflicions drngomnii described ns being likely lo fall ,.,j,
Ihe siinrcf that were laid for her, and to liccoiiio nn ii,.
male of the harem of soine pnsha, or even of a Turku'
inferior rank. I'romplcd by pity, curiosity, or |«rliar,
by some other motive, the nmbas.sndor pnid a visit toil,
distressed family. He saw Snpliin, wns chnrnicd lij- !,„
beauty and intelligence, nnd he proposed that her p;irnii,
should place her under his care, and allow him to coiivfi
her to France, 'i'he misery to wlilcli the (mor \mA
weie reduced may perlinps palliate the s linmo of ,ucii,
ing to this extraordinary proposition; but, be tliiii a.;
may, Ihey consented to surrender np Ilicir dauclitrrf'
the sum of 1,500 piastres, niul Sophia was that sainiilT
eondneled to the ambassador's paliice. She fotinil in i .
.Marquis de Vnulian a kind nnd lilieral Isncfaclnr. ||.
ngaged masters to instruct her in every branch nl'i,'.
cation; nnd elegnnt accomplislmients, added to luri,
tiiral charms, rendered lier on object of irretisl|i.l
itlrnelion. I
In Hie course of a few months the ninbnsKnilnnnil
called home; and he set out, accompanied by his nrlni
Ireasme, to trnvel lo Frnnce hy land. To dii:iiiii>li i,
liir as isissible the fiiligne of the long journey, tlayitij
ivedid liy short stages: nnd having passed lliniiil
l';uro|».an Turkey, they arriv.-d at Knminicek in I'mliJj
which is the first fortress belonging lo Knssia. Ilirti
iiiari|nis delerniini d to rest for u short time before undftl
takini; Ihe remainder of bis ledious journey.
(■omit l»e Witt, a descendant of the grniid |icnslTOii
of Holland, who was governor of the place, reeeiviillij
iiolile visiter with every mark of attention. Tlieini
however, no sooner beheld Sophia thnii he lieeiiiiicilii|
eniunoured of her; nnd on learning Ihe cquivmal mIbI
lion in which she stood, being neither a slave imT
riiistrcss, hnl, ns it were, n piece of iiierchandi.-i' |J
ehnsed lor 1.100 piastres, he wound up his dcclaruliMi J
love hy an olVer of marriage. 'I'lie count wns a liiunk
ni;iii, sc.ircely thirty years of nge, a lieiitciinnl giiior?!i
the Kilssian ser\iee, mid enjoying the hi[rh favour nil/
-iivereign, Calharine II. 'I'lie liiir (iieck, ns iieiy«i1
Im^ imaiiined, did not reject this liivour of forlunr,
leei pled Ihe ellir of her suitor wilhoiil hesilallMn.
Il was easy lo lliriwee that Ihe Marquis de V,ii
wi.idd not be very wilhiig In part wilh a pri/-e wliirliJ
iiL'.irded as lawfully acquired, and lo which he nttiirkf
1111 Hiniill Viiliic. The coiinl Iherelbre fniind il aihi-ill
1.1 resort lo slr.itij.'eiii. .Aeeordinnly, his e.xeelli m-v !
oil: "Me day taken a ride Isyiiiid Ihe r.impiirts, Ilii'.!'
hridgis «ere raised, and llie hivers repaired to iliii"i
w hi re Ihi ir liiinils were joineil hy a /mpft.* Wliin^
iiiirqiiii appeared nl Ihe ifalis of the fbrln ss
leaiided iidmillaiiee, n niessengi r was sent mil In inliif
hiio of what had happened; nnd to emnpli le llir rf«
'iirhl of the comedy, the marriage conlract was ixhk
111 liiiii In due lliriii.
To save Siphia fVoin the n pronehcn which Imf
1 iplliiicy, il may is'rhaps be snid her iiigraliliiili, «'^
ha\e fully jiislllied, the eoiiiil direeleij Ihr nilil»imiH
suite lo pick up their baggai.i-, and join hJHi'Mril^
'.i/ifi niiiin.r. 'i'he |HHir marquis soon dlseoMTrillltJJ
HIS quite 11S1 li -IS III slay where he was tor the |«W
of M'lilliilf lineal ' and eooipl liiiti: ; and be hiiil ii'i^
ih.il Ihe iiiiirt u( i'iuiiLe wuuld think il worth «ul
jri) Id »ar I
ilieritiire pr
|khIs, "ho s
I.I' liniit I':
J.eJii'llat-l
anil he set o
ni'vir again i
v,ilue when i
AlnHil lw<
Wilt nlitainei
ivilc, lie visiti
iH-aiity, wliiel
l,in;;uisliniciil
niliiiii.illnu.
nmrl nt' K-aii
III iiilogy wlii
knew lier at 'I
mill ..'lie imLshi
wliiiiii she a]
IIVIII|llls.
'i'lie second
ll'i'lly III iiiiiM,
l'„|.«-.M, at tl
r.'ii^eil a consii
null vast forfi:
III! r,.iii-i of r
nil 1,1 return i
llaailiiirg, wlic
iVolliiiig is t
'I'll!' law cxteni
tieiiian who ha
iNviriiig Ills na
iliviircc are nev
RJilered as iiii|i
'J'iie liivi! of dii
widlird tor scjin
liiiii.scif of the
ilivnree, nnd hi
iiri,iiigeiiieiil, n
iinil without furl
uili', n.id I cant
lint inililfereiit
liiT nif ; hilt I w
rclaiii fiir ever «
are two piqiers:
ivaiits your sigi
n.iily ufKxcd he
liimn of llorins, |
mny therefore si
just m you plen>
Ills ndvciitnru at
I'ri'neli anibansni
picncil Ihe pnp<;
liny (.'oiintess l*o
Lilciil were now
oiiioiMit of whicli
SIki wnK recci\
tlirnii;;!! her ami:
li'iiiliT of lho<on
Ilii'Ciimit rotoek
nfllic whole of h
Hie Ciiiint Do \V
I'liliK'ki, who WIT
Hut's ilenlh. Wl
ri'»hiigt!iinily the
■ifnge. The com
llir eihiealion of
I'iimlly brought i
i|iiiililied her for t
"till rs, her mind I
III'' giiidance nnd
liar, who tnught I
rnrri'illv, nnd lai
miiiniiiidy jHisaess
I'liliiiiil.
Alb T the death
Imka tisik elinrg
liriiiiirlit him lip w
'I'lie family nni
I'liiniiiiiiily cnlled I
imwl sjili'iidid edifi
Hinmil style of mo
« ninnner sultahle I
'.(i||ii'|iitIimI iir II
"'"• i -111111111.11 lU 1(13^
""'''','■ ■li'"«. mill Kori
'"""I'll »'l Ill, ,
"il'iiM., mill iviii, n ri-
""iiiiif.l rnimi ri.i„i-(
I "li;.l'iilairi.ly,.x,.n.|
* A Uivtk i>iM,.t
AT THE C0N<;KE.SS of VIKNNA.
197
r, luiil she w;i« i,,
311 of iH'ill); ft vi;y
tall, roiiinKiii(li;r^,
ami tlicrc' was m
t wliicli Uipt t;i||;i.
K)(I liro'iliiiir. Ilir
J ; lier lar(;u M,i,<
; nnd nn ajrriTaWt
ch occasionally mi. I
■p of Constantinople,
idant of the Canli
[Tallin;; of a liutclm.
^ound prcat (liliicully
aVi nnil niaintuin In'.
'I'lic latter Imrt jii.|
prow in? beauty wi!
lurliooil.
her pliotiUi siitTi r r
[) a conilitioii luinlr. j
d her distrcHtii'il li:.
r relations, who wji
and who, in his tiir,
Vunlian, the mnlw.
crested for tlie unlit. I
• Hopliia, whntn ik[
'in(j likely to liiU into I
and to heeonie iii\ra.[
or even of a Tiirkiil
curiosity, or |Hrlia|ijl
idor )>ai<l a visit In lli
, was charmed liy linj
>poKe<l that her |i;;riiil,r
id allow hiintoeoimil
wliicli the iKior \n\i\
•\ the flinmc of :Koi|
ion; hut, lie this i".
«|) their danEli(iTff<|
hia waH that sainril;
aee. She fniinil iiib
ilioral henefaelor. II-
n every brnneli of n';.
cnlH, added to 1uti,.|
object of irretislilkl
IS the ninbaBcndorinil
panied by his (iri'wl
ind. To diiiiihi'li al
(inir journey, llii y \v[
iii^ passed tlir<'ii.il
aiiiinieck in rnlri»|
to Kussiii. Ilcrtl
lilt time bclbre aniai
jmirney.
he (rraiid pensioninl
place, reiTiviillJ
liiitioii. Tlieciiijf
Kill he heeniiicdn
j(r th<^ eiiuivDi'iil filB
neither ft kIum' ml
of nierchuiiili.-'i' |ir|
. nil his deelarutionf
■iiimt wns a liiiink
a lieutenant (.MiiorjlJ
hij;!' l'nv(iiiri>r!J
r (ireeU, IIR n\n
iivdur of fiirliiin', k
h>iMt lieHitiilien.
Miircpiis de Vaitd
with II prize wliiilij
1(1 whii'h he iitl«''H
re Icnind it iiiliK^
■|y, hi-- e.vc'ellrllivi
lie r.iiiipartH, llni!
1H repaired l» H""t
V II iHipii.* WUni
the |iirlrri.s a
was sent out to
II eimiplite the i''«
eiintraet was i^li*
liuieheii which h'f
Iher iiiKriilililili.''!
Tiled the niiihii"'"
Ind join his cmiM
Isniiii diseiueriiillil
lie wiiH (iir the |«irr
mill he hi«l '
lliiuk it wuilhvlii*!
10 war liir the sake of iiveii(;iii)f his alfniiit. lie
HjiTi liire prudently took u hint Iroiii one of the I'Veueh
l«).ls » ho suys :
l.e limit i*i l>"iir Ic fat, la plninle (Hiiir Ic mit,
jitiJu'ii. It'll; liuiiinic Iruiiipi:, D'cluiiiiic, el lie dit inul;
Mill lie set olf, doubtless wi'li the secret dctcrininalion
lu.Vi r a^"'" '" ''■i'^''^ '" nierelmiidiso which possi sses no
ijliie w'iicn it can be either houjjbt or sold.
\lHiiit two years alter his inarriajje the Count De
Will iihtiiiiied leave of absence, and, aeeoiiipanied by his
»ili', lie visited the dittcreiit courts of Europe. Sophia's
iHi'ii'li'. which derived piipinney from a lertain oriental
iire'iiisliiiic'd of manner, was every where the tin me of
Bijiiiii.ili""- '^'"^ I'rince de liiy^ne, who saw her at lln^
riioil lit' l-'raiiee, mentions her in his iMemoirs in terms
oiinl""V wliieli I cannot think exaf:freniled ; lor when I
liiiew lii'r III Tonlehin her charms ret;iiiied all their lii'^tre,
aiiiUlii' niitshone the yoiinjr k-auties of the court, aniiilst
U'jiiiiii slio appeared liko Calypso surrounded by her
iivniplis.
■'J'hi> second perio<l of Sophia's life forms a sequel \wr-
i;.(llv ill uiiis"ii "'ilJ' t'"' coinnienccmcnt. Count Keli.ic
r.,liHlii, at the he){iiiniii(; of the troubles in rolaiid,
raised a emisiderable party by the inllucnce of bis rank
mill va.'il liirliine. Duriufr a temporary absence from
,{,, irl of I'oluiid he made a tour tliroii);li Italy, nnd
nil I..- return he met the ("onnt and Countess De Witt at
lianiliiir;.', when he fi^ll <leoply in love with Sophia.
NiilliiiiK i" <"> ■"""y "" '° obtain a divorce in Poland.
Tlio law extends so far on tills jKiiiit that I knew a peii-
llciiian who luul no less than four wives, all livinj; and
luariiiir his name. The motives of imrlies siiiiij; liir a
ilivorce are never enrpiired into, nor is the act itself enii-
siilereil as implyinjf improiicr conduct on either side,
'i'lic love of diversity is in most cases the cause of the
wislii d for separation. (\mnt Potis-ki therefore availinir
liiinself of the advanti j;e atforiled by the Polish law nl'
iliviirie, nnd having previously made every necessary
ariaiipeiiieiit, one morninfr ealleil on Ciiiint Do Wiii,
anil witliiiut further eeremony said : "Cnunl, 1 love your
uile, ft.iil I cannot live without her. I know that 1 am
not inililferiiiit to her, and I might immediately cany
iiiT nif i but I wish to owe my happiness to you, and to
retain lor ever n jrralefiil sense of your (jencrosity. Here
arc two pii|x'rs : one is nn act of divorce, which only
waiilH your signature, for you see the eountcss has nl-
riady nllixcd hers to it; the other is a IkumI for two mil-
linns iil'lliiriiis, payable at my banker's in this city. We
niav llierefore settle the business aiiiieahly or otherwise,
jiisi as yon please I" The husband doubtless thoujjht of
liis ndveiitnro at the fortress of Kaminieck, and, like the
I'Veni'li ambassador, he rcsijrncd himself to his fatu ami
silini'il the paper. 'I"ho fair Sophia Ix^came that same
day ('ountess I'otocka ; and to the charms of beauty and
talent were now added tho attractions of u fortune, the
aiiiniiiit of which w :s unequalled in IOuro|K'.
Sim was reiH-ivcd at court as a matter of course, nnd,
tlirnii;>)i her amiable manners and rank, soon licenme the
liailer of the ton ainonfr the Polish nobility. At his death
theCiiiint I'otocki miidc her the sole and alisoliitc (lisjHisei
nf llie whole of his iinincnso property.* She had a son by
the Ciiinit Du Wilt, and Heveral children by the Count
I'lilmki, who were nil very younj; at the time of tlieir fa-
tlicr's ileiith. When I iMicnine acipiainted with this inle-
resting' faiiiily the eldest was not moro than ei);liteen years
oraire. The einmlesii had In^stowed the urealest cure on
the ediieation of her children. Allliiiiii;li herself ori-
finally broii|;ht up in n manner wliieli would not have
(|nalitii'il her for the »ii]x'rinteiidence of the education of
nlliiTs her miiid had siibseipiently iH'en cnllivated under
till' i;iiiihince nnd tuition of her lirst friend, the nmlmssa
dor, who taiiirht her to rend and write many lantrna^es
rorri'i'llv, nnd laid the foundation of aeipiirements not
rnininniily |ios«esKO<l even by tliu best educated hulles in
rolanil. '
Alh r the death of her first hiisband the ('ountess Po.
loeka tiHik chariffl nf tho son she had by him, and
lirnnirhl hiiii up with her other children.
Till' family nninsion of the PotiH'kis iit 'I'ouhhin,
I'oniiniiiily called tho |mlnce of Toulchin, is one of the
niiwl splriidid edilices in Lhiro|ic. It is built in the nio'^l
Hi'itniil ntyle of modern nreliileclnre, nnd is ftirnislieil in
II manner suitable to it( external miif^nificence. Over its
M till' iii'rliul nf till ilenih the cuK nt nf the rinini'ii |ir.i|iivlv
< ' •iliiiaii'it nt IllS.limi III' Kvnilnlili' liiilivliliiiilii, InvIiIih |ii'1iv
I ii.'Mi'H, ,u>\\ 4, mill wnineii. u liii iitinitcilii r iiiiKiiiiiliHt I < i\vi(-i< ihtit
IlKitiilo'i Willi Mlllll a Vllffi IMipillllllllll, wiMt llllullt 111- rnltril III-
I •iiliii, la, nnil mill n ri'venue nl nine inllllnii< nl lli'tin--, iTim.iHitl/
1.1 I'linnl I'lilm-kl mil iiilly riijiiyerl ri-H'll liiiiiiiiliv mi Imm i-i-
|iiir>,l»il niaily vverrlnil •iiMriMKn |iii»i r< in Uii> iiilininiKiriiiiiiii
li'llhiiii
purlieu is written in larpo pold Icllers the following,'
jitiiiiLiit ill the i'olish langnaire :
Mo> it evrr bi: lliu almde iif \ irlia- and I'm-i'iIuiii :
Tiie wi-sh then ill expressed is no doiiLl praiseworthy;
lint its a|iplicalioii would have lieeii more suitable to tlie
house of Socrates than to a palace in Poland.
Having liein ibrmerly known to the Countess Potocka
at St. I'eler.sliin);, where she had (jiveii me a pressing in-
vitnliun to visit her at 'I'onlehiii, 1 hastened, on iiiy
irrivul there, to pay my res|>eets to her. .Aly eoiiipanion
was a still older aeipiaiiitaneu of hers than niyself, and we
proeeeiled togi tinr to the pnl;,e(\ We met with the most
liiciully riie|iti<iii frnm the countess, who rebuked lis
tiir not having gone striiiglit to her house to take up our
nbipile there dining the slay we might li el disposed to
make in Tonlehin. She gave orders immediiitely liir
our carriages, .servants, and baggage to be brought iVoiii
the place at which we had lell them, not snllering us
even to go and feleh them ourselves.
As the Coimtess Poloeka ninile this her chief place
of residence, Tonlehin might have been ealhil the Kl
Dorado of Pohiiid. The time we spent tlii're, tliongh
only limited to a few weeks, liiriKS one of the liiosi
agriealile |H-riods of my existence. Hesiiles the memlier.-
of the liiinily, consisting of the eoiiiiliss, her eight sons
and daughters, and her daughter-in-law, tin- young and
aiiiiable Countess De Will, a great iimnlii ml' I idles were
illacli(d to the household, eitlii "-as n liilives,nr tliimrt ilr
riimim^nif. 'I'licre were also two foreigners of consider-
able merit retained as instructors to the sons of the
eoiinli s.-i ; one was the AIiIki de Chah'iiton, a Freneli
emigrant priest, who had lu'en preceptor to the C/Oimts
.\rinnnil and .fnlcs de Polignac; the other was ."Mr. Allen,
the lOnglisli historical p.aiuter. who was eomiiiissioni'd by
the eoimti'.ss to execute for her a variety of pietures lies-
tilled liir the gallery ofthe palace, liesiiles teaehing the art
of drawing to her ehildren. A tiiile of a|iartineiils nnd
two atli ndants v.cte assigned to each guest ami e.ii h
inmate, and it wns the established rule that every one
should einisider liiinself at home, asking liir all he want-
ed, keeping any hours most convenient to him, disposing
of his time as he pleased, nnd not even appearing nt the
pulilic dinner table, if it best suited him to iline in his
own aparliiients. This, however, was only doiii' in cases
of indisposition, and the countess's dinner table was ah
ways attended by nil the family and visiters. Indeed llie
eharms of conversation were never more atlraelive than
during the smnptiions haiii|iiets which cinistitiitcd the
ordinary Hire at the palace of Toulchin, and no one
would willingly have forgone their eiijoynieiit. The in-
terval lietweeii colfce and tea was usually spent ill walk-
ing in tlic extensive gardens, or riding out either in open
arriages or on horseback. Alter tea, iiinsie, cards, and
conversation went on uinong the senior |Hirtion of the
society, and rfcd pclita jeux among the juniors, who not
unfrequenlly teinpled even the gravest among us to join
them in their juvenile sports. I recollect one evening
the game of blindinr.u's linlf U'coining so universal, that
among the numerous iMTsons present, none but the
I'oimtess had abstained Irom taking nn active part.
One of the most remarkable features of n piotrneted
residence in tho |ialiice of Tonlehin was the freipient and
almost iiniiiler!-upted npiioaraiice there of persons of eini-
neiiee nnd celebrity in Kiissin and in Poland, as well as
of travellers of distinction from various pnrts of tlie
world. None cnme within thirty or forty worsts of
Tonlehin without devinting from tneir regular cmirse in
order to pay their periunial res|H'ct» to the countess; and
parties of her friends nnd ncqiiainlnncc came all the way
Iroiii St. Petersburg, IMnseow, Warsaw, and other distant
parts, for the express pur|Nise i.f visiting her. There was
then fore n constant succession of arrivals and depnrtuns,
which, far IVoni giving that annoynuce of which one
would sup|M)8e so murli hustle to be productive, appennd
to liirm a source of iiieessiuit grutilication to the amiable
hostess. With her, in fact, it wns ns if she resided in
one of the capitals of the eiiipin'. Her iiciiuaiiitiuiees
wi re almost as fnipienlly niiiler her roof as il they only
resiili d a street or two fnini her residenie. Hen', how-
ever, ► he was ennbled to receive tlieiii without that re-
Hlr.iiiit nmre or less iiii|Hiseil by the ri'ixiilalioiis of soi ial
inttireonrse in great capitals, and their visits thereby
lMM"iiiie Ihr more ngreealile.
To eiinvey nn iden of the mnnnrr in wliicli tlinc wns
dis|Hisi'd of ill the palace of Toidehin, I will give soini
aceiiiint of the iiiaimer I s|h nt mine during the wlioh
uniiil'i of .Inly that I pnrlieipatid in its (Vii ndly hospi.
tiililii's. I gill lip IhIwccii seven and eight in the iiiurn
iiig, nnd pnu'ecded to lintlie, sometimes in nil nrtilii ial
river wlni'li lins Imtu made In run thnnigh the garden,
and nt iiIImt limes in eiie ol'lhi' Turkish liatlis, of wliii-li
se\er:d are always ready liir immediate use. I hr, ak-
fasleil at ten in my own Stilur, lead, wrote, or roile out
iH'tween that lime and one o'elnek, at which hour I al-
w.ays pnieeedeil to the eonntess's (irivate silling room to
pay my respects hi her. Alter remaining with her about
nn hour, passed in the most agreeable eonvi-rsation, 1
proceeded to the nparlnieiils of others, eilhiy inmates or
iters like myself, with wlnini I generally stayed till
three, when the diiiner bell Miininoned us all to the baii-
ipieliiig hall, where a table with fifty covers was always
prepared. This dining room was laid out in a manner
which ansv\ered the piirjiose of n niiisenm of works of
s(-ulpliire, and n eniiservalory of oilorili-roiis plrinls imli-
Seiif.us to almost every part ofthe glolK\ It was a kind
of temple dedicated to art, to nature, and to Ilacclms.
'I'he dinner gencnilly lasli il an hour nnd a half. On
gelling lip I'loin talde we procei ded to an extensive
iiiinii;erir, to which three gla.ss lidding doors o|Hned,
where eolfee and ices were served. Hen' the arrange,
nil Ills liir the evening promenade were diseusM d and
sellled, after which the ladies retired to their ehainhers
to prepare lliemselvis for goi'ig oul, leaving the gi nlle-
men In s|» ml the inleivnl in lonversntion or chess play-
iiig. At six a snllieient nuinlH'r of o|m'ii carriages and
saddle horses were ready, nnd we rode out till half past
seien. At eight we all liKik tea in one of the suite of
ilr.iwing-riiiims, where we remaineil till eleviii, at which
lioiir supper was amionnecd. Most of the company re-
tired at half past twelve, and at one in the morning I
went to bed.
In this abode of pleasure I was fri iiucntly rciniudcdof
the reipiidles wliieli l'!|iieiiriis makes hiippiness eniisist
of — lieily without pain, and iiiiiid without anxiety. I
was nut, hiiwever, so wholly taken np with the niiinsc.
menis atforiled by the interior of the palace as to be ml-
minilliil of mailers eipinlly worthy a Inivi ller's iiotiee on
Iheonlsiile of il. The seeiiiry roimd Tonlehin is vnried
and pietiiresipie. Indeed I have seen no part of the vast
provinei- of rkiani.i, in wliieli il is situated, wliieli was
otherwise than interesting. Its fertility is so great, that
it might he denominated the granary of Poland.
CIIAPTIOK XXII.
riip t'lmil Kiil.illo— .■Xni'iiluli' r.-lalive in nnjinil Die itanrer—
l!i iiriiiitii- \i llli Iwii inir iiitiikK— Ski'li'li nl' .^^. df 'I'liileviiiiul's
ear- i-i- l.-t!-s 111' n|'i^(irliiiiil\ --I 'ni-i-i-inK 111 cs ilieliol— I'riiire
ItiMis^',; iirliiinwli'iliinicnl 111'' tliu frc'iicli I'etiiiliile — lluiiiiiioti*
n |il> 1)1 M. du 'riilli,\ranil.
As it often happens that I cannot avoid bringing my-
self into the feregroimd of the pietiures I Jraee, 1 fear
that I may sonuiiines appear to iHciipy too prominent a
place. lint in describing what I have seen and heard, I
cannot hut speak ns nn eye witness; nnd if I do not pre.
tend to captivate by the charms of style, I nt least claim
the mi ril ol n strict ailhercnee to truth.
The Court Uidotio, nt which wc^ had now arrived,
ditfered but litth' from other enUrlainments of the saiiio
kind, one of which took place almost weekly nt Viennn.
I met tiie Prince de l.igne, who appeared somewhat less
dejected than at our last nocturnal interview on the ram-
parts, which I aeeomited for by presuming that the einise
of vexaliiiii In: then experienied now presi nted a remedy.
Judging from tho figure, the tone of voice, nnd the
graceful mnnners ofthe domino by whom he was nccoiii-
punied, I could easily imngine the regret which the dis-
appoiiitincul must have occasioned him.
" Look," said he, as I approached him, " ut the cli-gnnt
llayailin: who is dancing in that ipindrilh' I wowld yon
not swenr Unit she is inie of llie most ehariiiing girls in
the mom? Yet I fimiid him out Isfon' he linil spoken
three words. He is no other than yoinii; Allred, the
hnither of Count Voyna."— " How, pnnci,"c\eliiiincd I,
"n boy I"— "Yes, n lioy in feinnle nttin'. '» Hi'T"' ""V
thing so very wonderful' in that / Your ccKbratid daiiecr
Diiport rnnie to Vieinm disguisid n« n feinnle, anil
alighted from his travelling carrinfc at the nsideiiee of
the Princiss .lean Lichtcnsteiii. '"i"''' '"' danced the
whole evening wilhmit chaniiing ln" ''"'""i to the great
aslonishmeiit of a circle of arfinii' rs, who, on the liillow-
iiig evening applauded liim I" llic skies at the t'onrt
Theatre, when' lie npiienfcd in n female clinrai ler in his
liallet of Arhillr ft Sitr"- Here we live in siieh a con-
tinuni vortex of nin-'iilion or pleasure, that then' is no
time for judging "' cstimnting niiy thing cornctly : thus
nil ignoiniit ll-.'low with n little iaiiiit for compilntioii,
iiniv imss fo' » 'lever niilhor; mid a man of mcdim'rity,
witli a st«.k of nnecdoles, nnd nil hour's rending every
morning on the snbjei I on whii h he menus to eonvcrso
ill the 1 veiling, nniy easily neipiire n reputation for ta-
lent. People do not scruilninc very narrowly. Happy
\
'■')
Ml,
M
^>
198
JOIJIINAI. OF A NOBLEMAN
.- > ». . *
'.V ■•
ji" ...
^-
'i. ■•' ■■V
re" ! '
■Vj>' -■■
is lie H-lio lias nothing to do but to obsiTve the (iillii-a ol'
othorsl"
Whili' 1 »:is lisliMiiM;.' " ith interest tn the rriiicc de
I.ignc's livelv ieiii;irl>s, two ladies weuriu;; masks up-
proaehc.l iiii'l drew mi' aside: — "Whiii yon address
verses to lailios, sir," said one cjf the two, " you shouUi
not iiiiilic tliem travel three hundred leaifues to thank
the author." — " As Vienna is three hundred lea^jues
from Paris, St. Petersburi;, or Naples, where 1 have oc-
casionnllv addressed lud verses to ladies, permit me, fair
mask, to rcpiest you to explain yourself more clearly,
otherwise it will be lon<r before 1 (ind out my unknown
hiToine." — "Well," said the other lady, "supjiose it
rihould have been at St. relersburfr, and that I.afont
should have turned your verses into a romanee >" —
" Then," said I, " I am not vain enough to tiatter myselt
that any thanks ar^' due lo nie." — " Why not, if your
eompliinents alVonled pleasure ?" — " The most timid bird
may salute the BUn at bis rising-, hut the eagle alone can
(raze on him in his full brightness." — Mere the tJrand
I)uke(;onslantine aeeosting the ladies, |mt an end to our
eonversation. I had diseovered the names of my fair in-
ti'rloculors ; but all my efforts to spi'ak to them again
were fruitless. The dream ended there I
In one of the rooms I found I'rineeCariati engaged in
a very animated eonferenee with a lady disguised as a
gipsy, who soon arter made herself known to me. 'I'his
was t'ountess Z , our charming neighlmnr at the
.lager-Zeil. "t'ome both of you, and breakfast with me
to-morrow," said she, " I want to consult you about u
triek wjiieli I intend lo [day upon some one. It has been
suggested to me by a little intrigue, which I will explain
to you. 1 assure you the man I wish to plague is well
worth the trouble ; so pray come to-morrow at twelve
witiiout fad."
A trick to be played, an intrigue to be made acquaint-
ed with, and a breakfast with a pretty woman, were
imwcrful attractions ; and we accordingly took leave of
the ladv, promising to be with her ne.vt mornin^r at the
appointed hour.
While I w.is sauntering about, weary of the bu7.7. of
couvorsntion, the noise of the nnisic, and the monotonous
whirling of the waltz, 1 happened to caht my eye on
.\chille du Rouen, who waj languishing un a sofa, and
appeared to be quite as rniniijc as I was. I sat <lown
beside him, and asked him whether lie had seen the two
duinino-i wlioju I was anxious to meet again. " If," said
he, " von iiuMU the two ladies who were with the (!raiid
IJiike (^onstantine, (and 1 knew them to be the same
from his description,) they left the ball about a quarter
of nil hourflgo." ■
To me all the cnehantinent of the evening hod now
vanished. I stayed with' .\chille de Rouen until supjier
time, oud as I happeneil to mention the name of M. ih
Tallevrand, our eonversation turned on that celebrated
man ; of whom Uoiieii, who was on a footing of the
closest iiitiniacj with him, drew the following picture: —
" Of -M. de Talleyrand history will Ix' «« lavish of her
praise as some of his eontuuiporaries have been of their
censure. When, duriiu^ « long and dilficnlt career,
statesman has acquired and preserved many faithful
friends, and uiade but few real enemies, his conduct
must be prnnoiinecd to be wiso and in<Mlerate, his eha.
r'cter honourable, and his talent profound. It is iin|ioK.
Hihlc lo know M. du Talleyrand without loving liiiii. All
who enjoy the liap|Kiicss of his acquaintanee must, I nni
sure, judge of him as I do. lie is an uiiilufmabk' mix
tun of simplicity and dignity, of grace and sounil sense,
of severity and urbanity. Near liim one learns, a» it
were uiu'onseioosly, the history of uneient and niodom
times, and a. thousand interesting anecdotes of courts.
Hi» e onvsrsttion leads one through on instructive and
varied gallery of events and p<irtrait»." — " And yet, my
deaV Aehille, Hdw severely he la ioinotiiiies attacked 1
It is a pity tlii>t ^lenplc who |«)sse»s no reputation of their
own sli-Hild hav« Um jiowcr of ennfcrring reputation on
others, and that mediocrity should mak« talent pay so
dearly flir the favoiii il enjoys."— " Ks|HH'ialIy," resumed
Rouen, " when talent w ut.;ompaiiied, ns in" the rase of
M. <le Talleyrand, by the most amiable qualities of heart.
Of (his I will give you an iiutance. M. ile R op-
plied to the Prince de Ikmevent,, fi.r the loan of l.'),00(t
francs, and the sum was without Imsitalion presented to
him. A few days alWrwariN the prince was inlormed
thit M. R— had shot himsell m eonse<|uene« of
distress of mind occasioned hy |iecunlary '•inbarrassinent
* How glad 1 am that I did not relbse iiiih ||„. monuy!*
obterved M. d« Talleyrand immediately. Tim little trait
sulUcicntly ohHractvnw) the dis|>osition of the man. By
the by, ifl recollect rij^htly, a vireumstance occurred be.
Iween yuu and M. Oe Ttlleyriuid somu year* ago, which
iniisl have had an inllnence on your destiny." — " My
dear Achille," replied 1, " how ollen have 1 regretted
having let slip one of those rare op|Kirtimilies — those
hrighl null ors of forlune, which show themselves only
in early life, as (lowers appear in (he spring! How
oilen does it happen that a moment decides the fate of a
whole existence ! There is an op|)ortuiiity which, if not
seized when i( preseids i(self, is not to be won back by
regret. In this labyrinth called (he world, the ^lalli we
imrsue, the outlet we arri\o u(, and the end we attain,
depend on an infinity of little causes, in which our (ore-
sight and our will sonu times have considerable inHiience,
and at other times have none at all. Of this, the cir-
emns(anee (o which you have jus( alluded is a proof. It
is as follows : —
" When HI. Ouvrard was in the ajiogee of his fortune,
I was on a visit at his residence at Kancy, where I oc
eiipicd apartments in (he pavilion called the /iom/)f n J'eii
I was then seventeen years of age, and eircumstances,
witii which you are in part ae(piain(cd, brought me into
contact Willi all the eminent individuals who comiioscd
what might (hen he called new France.
" M. l)aneucour( gave a hunling party and a dinner at
the Russian cottage at Kancy, to celebrate his apiKjint-
meiit as captain-general of Uonaparte's hunts. Ainong
the company were Al.M. de Talleyrand, Dcsfillieres,
Ouvrard, Admiral Hrnix, Oiiierals Herthier and Laiines,
and no other lady (lian .Madame Grand, who allerwards
married the I'ruicc de lleiu veiito. In spite of the talent
and informadon w liicli distinguished most of the indi-
viiluals present, the conversation became languid towards
the conclusion of Uie dinner. During a pause which
ensued, M. Ouvrard asked me how I had contrived tlie
day bel'ore to get to Paris, my horse having been hurl
when I was out hunting, and there was not anotlier in
the stables. ' I fell upon a very simple plan,' replied I,
' us you shall hear.
"'With my head still aching Iroiii (he ettccts of (he
winu of which I had drunk copiously the night betbre, (o
prove (o my friend Montron that I was no longer to be
looked upon as a hoy, I went down from the /)«Hi/ie ti
feu to the chateau. My poor t'oundered horse was
you know, the only disiKisuble one in the stables: how-
ever, 1 was obliged to he in Paris at three o'clock to
accompany the Dutchess of Oordon and her charming
daughter. Lady (ieorgina, on a visit to the deaf and
dumb school, to wbii'li they had been invited by tlii
Abbe Sicard. As there was no probability of riding, I
naturally enough deterinincd to walk. I set oft", and
about noon reached the village of Pantin, without having
met with any conveyance on (he road. Ilcing oppressed
by the heal, and having gained u good ajiiiefite by my
morning walk, I stopped at a mill, about a gun shot dis-
tant from the road side, where I ordered breakfast. I
asked the miller whether he could procure me n hor>e ?
' I have but one, sir,' replied the man, 'and for five francs
i( is at your service. It is a sure footed beast, and I will
answer for his carrying you safely to Paris. I shall he
in town to-morrow, and will call for him.' The horse
was produced. It was aliout the height of an ass, and
was providicl with a pack saildlc. 'Hut how am I to
mount him ?' said I to (he miller; 'have you not another
saddle ? That, tor example, which is hanging against
the wall.' — 't)li, sir, that saddle is new, nn<l 1 cannot let
you have it.' — ' I will give you five more (Vanes. ' — ' No,
sir, not if yon give me a hundred : the saddle is new, and
I will not let it out on hire.' The man was obstinate,
and I began to lliink what a ridiculous figure I should
cut as I approached Paris, wearing my hunting drees,
and perched upon a pai'k saddle. What would you have
done, gendcmen, in my ililiinma? — You, Ouvrard, whose
vast resources tied our armies, and who contribnie so
nia(erially to our national glory ; — you, Daneucourl, who
can bring back (o (he (rack a pack of hounds when n(
fiiuK, and defeat the cunning of (he fox ; — you, admiral,
who dispute « i(li (he Kiiglish the triilent o( Ncp(unc ; —
J'ou, Messieurs Ilerdiier and Iionncs, who, in Italy and
'Igypf, have each lieeii the iVlcnd and (he I'arinenin of
itself; such is the i)owcr of female influence in the ca.
(age as well as in (he palace !'
" When I had finished (his foolish story, my hcarori
were kind enough (o applaud me, and (o dihik niv
lieahh, and like all young persons whose talking i,
listened (o, I began (o lie exceedingly loquacious. Kvcry
tiling I said met the approval of Madame Grand nidi
the minister, who was then the lady's ardent adinirir.
The rest of the guests applauded iiie I ccause JI. de Tal.
leyrand did : as people oUcn find it more easy to ailoi,',
the opinion of a man of talent, than to take the fro'.ljlc
of forming one of their own.
" When we rose from the dinner table, M. de Tnllir.
rand took me osidc and conversed for a consideralilc
lime wi(h me. My remarks on Sweden, whence I Imi
had just arrived, apjicored to him occurate. He ku
also inlercstcd by Uie picture I drew of the ciiiijiraiiU
at Hamburg: and he desired me (o call upon him onU.t
following morning nt ten o'clock. ' I shall exptet vm'
added he: ' bu( you are young and thoughtless, and |
fear you will forget. Promise nic that you will iiol fji]
to come : 1 ask this as a favour.' And as he eltt-nil
these words, he aiTectioiiately pi-csscd my hand. Madame
tirand now step|K'd up to us and added her invifalioiis to
those of M. de 'i'allcyrand. I promised, my dear Acljijl,
and I ought to have kept my promise : — but on wliy
trivial circumstances our fate sometimes depends ! Xni
morning, I cannot say I forgot my appointment ;— but 1
was afraid to keep it My life was ut that time such jj
unbroken tissue of happiness, tliat whatever might ham
b<'en proposed to me, I should have feared being uwnktn.
cd from a dream, which my youth and iiiex|ieric'iitt
easily jicrsuaded me would lie eternal. However, Uk
friendsiiip and influence of sucli a man ns M. de Tallcv.
rami would have given a new direction (o my ideas anil
my conduct, and would have transferred mc, as it wcrt, I
to another sphere. Alas ! I learned too late that liivuur
has wings as well as pleaeuru. It was a chance heldoui
by the god of opportunity, and I neglected to take ai.
vantage of it."
" I la(ely heard a story," observed M. de Rouio
" n Inch, (hough it has no connection with yours, ofloriii
another example of the caprice of the godof opportunitv,
whom Frederick the Great philosophically denuniinahg I
/lis Majeslji Chance. It relates to the celebrated banker
Tortonia of Rome, whose futlier was nothing more Una I
a rri/i/ de place. Tortonia, who was an active, iniilli.
gent young man, at first entered into busiiicBs in a mjiill
way as a jeweller. In cuurec of time he became a aait
of banker : and an unex|K>ctcd circumstance brouglii
him in contact with Cardinal Chiaranioiiti. Du tlic
ileath of Pius VI. u conclave was to be held at Venice loi
the election of a new po|>e. C'hiaramonti was uiiublcUj
attend tor want of money, and Tortonia advanced him i
few hundred crowns. The cardinal accordingly reiiaiieil
to Venice, where, in the church of S(. George, ho \>i» I
clecleil |>op<', under the title of I'ius VII. In gratiludi.
for (his ac( of service, tlie sovereign |iontift', on his retain I
to Rome, ap|)oiii(ed him banker to the court, lie wii
created a marquis, and allerwards a duke, and is now |
|M rha|>f one of the richest capitalists in Kuropc."
Just as M. de Rouen had tinishod this little biafiri. I
phica! sketch, Tetfenborn came tn inform us ttiat hewn
waiting supper. We accordingly followed lii:ii, and
found all r>iir |>ar(y collected ut the supper tiiljle, anil
each iiidividnal present could have related some eiiriiw
anecdote to add tu tlie word 'opportunity' in the dirlion.
ary of Fortune. During supiier, the Prince de KtuM
approached us, and addressing himself to M. de Koucii,
miide Home en(|uiries res|i«'e(ing M. de Talleyrand
"His fulher, (he reigning Prince of Rcuss," obaerml
Itoiieii, " during the time of the French Republic, eoin-
ineiie(!(l an otticial diw|«tch with tlie words, 'The I'mtt
of Keuss acknowledges the French Republic.' M. it
T.^lliyrand, whos<' husinesii it was, as minister of forciini
afl'airs, to reply to the iiott!, wrutn at the head ot' liu,
' The French Republic is happy tu inaku acipiaiiiltncc
with tJie I'lince of Reus*.' "
(he modern Alexander; — you, ininisler for foreign uf
fairs,' enidinued I, addressing myself to M. de 'I'nlli^v
rand, 'who know so well (he springs hy which empires
are moved, and who can slir up war and make |ieaee a(
will; — what I ask, geiillemen, would you have dime, (o
got iKMsession of the saddle which was so perdnaelonsly
refused I You laugh, geiillemeii, hu( (bat is no( an an
swer. However, I can imticIvc (hat (hat lady,' eonttnued
I, pointing lo .Madame Grand, ' has guessed the aecret;
which is, (hat I made love lo the miller's wilb. The
saddle and horse were then at my dis|KMul, and I really
believe that if I had wished it, I I'night have hid the mill
CHAPTER XXIII.
'I'li*>riitnil#vs 7*.'» wheiiie rcBniiMiif t,nnl B^l'rineo ile I>lfw'i
ophiHiii ol' ilif .Arvliiliike (liailca's nillliniy lalMils- Soiiif k
I'liiiii iif Mnluiiilwiii— (lil||iii el'ihii nnini! ijlvua in iliiii cliairiii
If aiieed itrs and stories of time |tast are read anii
lisleiied to widi in(eres(, il may easily Iki cnnceived lliit I
I exp<-rienee no sligh( degree of plcaaiirc in discribln;
fuels ooniireted with (he meinorablc evcnls of whirlil
have hctn a widicas, as well as with (he diBfiiijruisW
[H^rsoii* nidi whotn I was at one period of my lilVoni
fooling of iidimacy. Though Uieii only (wenty yrarioi
age, I could laugh at the niovenienta iil certain acton i>
the drama, and^
Hide thin;'
free and in.
Frenchman, m
lltan I and in al
for, as a witty f
hull who forsak
even in bafl soci
Prince t'ariat
and wc Iwlh pro
1,11 impatience t
and what i)art w
As soon as hr
of the saloons of'
(lie sculptured in
draperies from
flowers of every
rountcss desired
addressed ns :
" It is not lik
wish 10 take a v
great exteid, on
whom she has
and who has pro\
lity of four week
(here were so
(en(ion. Do not
make you my ai
merely a surprise
as possible, in gm
tills that I wish
gaiety : — hut to o
" During four i
followed my foots
cd with a lady wl
him. On my par
only to make my
public life, and c
curred during his
believe thai the sa
self at his expcnsi
war, to the camp <
watch upon him ii
carelully availed
different passai^es
plied mc in the (
and in the course
if it had come frcJ
rio.ii(y to the liighi
mance has arrived
I have prepared th
" It is not in ont
longer one's own.
reply (0 his lordshi):
you to readily pera
only for mere forr
prove that wo res
wished to cnnvinc
render full justice
sacrifice lo the cap
affection which is
wish that he shoiili
I am desirous to i
ractcr I know cnot
his gallaiUry.
" I( appears to 1
j every amusement a
I have moreover o
what of a ronianli
he wished (o know
on Thursday cvcni
(he Prn(er ;' that i
blindtiililed, and a (
vey liiin and his gi
" You may eaail
hp»ll,i(e to accept
tremely prudent fr
I (ha( o( S(. James's
eonseqiiences of wh
he ho|)es. 1 accordi
1 (ion, which, (hough
I ilencc he re|)o8Cs i
friends (o eoinc lici
\ ti, and IsnlH>y and
(end (he orrnngemc
I liiro conflileiit thai
have a concert In
will perforin. Ma^
' M, Moreaii li an ei
tfMablNiror annisnl
ili'nuiroriha llsihs
AT TIIE CONGHESS OF VIENNA.
]m
iciicf ill the cii.
ory, my liearcn
111 to liiiiik iiiv
liotic tulkin; li
(uacious. Evcij
lie Grand mufof
ardent ndinint.
iniise M. de T>l.
re I'Usy to ailo|,;
take tile trclilf
le, M. de TalKy.
r a considvralile
■11, wliincc I liaii
curate. Ilr wji i
Dt' the einijrraiiu
upon liiiii oatlit
sliiill (.xpict ym,'
miijihtlesR, and |
yoii will not I'jil
iiU UH he uHirti]
ly liond. Jladame
lier invitations lo
, my dear Acliill,.
ie ; — hut on wim
« depends I Nui
loinlnieiit :— bul 1
that time siichsn
itever might Ime
red bi inj{ awak™.
and iiie.x|>ericnt(
il. Ilowiver, lilt
u as M. de Tallcv.
1 to my ideas and
■cd me, as it wtre, I
oo lute that luvuui
a cliance laid oui
fleeted to taken;.
cd M. de Routn,
with yours, alTorili
god ot' oppurtunilv,
ieaily deiioniinat(d
celebrated banket
nothing more lliu |
s an aetive, Intilli.
lUsiiiCBs in a iiniill
he becninv a toil
umstance brouiiU
jrumoiiti. On llic
held at Venice iW
uiiti was unable Ui
in advanced him i
eordingly repaited I
t. George, he hik
VII. In gratitude
nlilV, on his rcluia I
le court, lie wii
duke, and is nov
!i Europe."
tliii titllu bioftra.
inn u» Uiut hi' »ii I
illowed liiiii, tad
supper tiiliU', and
tiled some eiirliw
ity' in the dlelluii'
rrinee de Keuw
' tu M. de liout'ii,
. de Talleyrand
UeusH," obnerviil
h Kepuhlie, euni-
ords, ' The I'riim I
{epuhlie.' M. dt
iiinister ot'loreiirii
the lieail ol' liu, |
luku uc(|ualiitina
-Prince ilo I.l|n»'
ly uliiin- SiHiie K
|\uii III thill iliBtriii
ost lire ronil unJ
IIhi conceived Ihil
luce in discribinf
Iventii of wliirlil
|tlie dialin|.'uiiiM
I of my lir« 0" '
ly twenty ycinol
certain acton ii
I dfjnia, and at the importance which waa attached to
rttlc tliiiiL My character as a foreigner rendered iiie
free and in- |"'ndent every where. In Russia I was a
Frenchman, in Paris a I'ole, and in Vienna a cosino|)o-
litan ; and in all places I frequented the best company;
Ibr 1'' " «''"y f'-'"il*' writer lias juslly observed, wo to
liiii'i «■•'" <<"■'«'''''' ''• ''" ''" " °"* °'" l''"*^'^ every wliere,
even in bad society.
Prince I'ariati was witli nie at the apiminted hour,
and wo both proceeded tojfcther to the Countess Z — 'g,
II iiiipatience to know what trick she proposed to play,
iliid what |Mirt we were to take in it.
As soon as breakfast was ended \vc adjourned to one
of the saloons of the countess's elegant residence, where
tlie sculptured marbles of Italy were overhung with rich
draperies from France, and intermingled with the
flowers of every climate. In this temple of Aspasia the
coiiiilcss desired us to sit down beside her, and she thus
addrcPstMl us : . , , ,
"It is not likely," said she, "that a woman would
wish 10 take a very malicious revenge, or even to any
jreat extent, on a brave and handsome young man liy
whom she has been admired thoiigli under a mask;
and who has proved the constancy of his taste by a fide
lity of fouf weeks, during a succession of balls w'here
there were so many objects calculated to divert his at-
tention. Oo not therefore be astonished, gentlemen, if (
inike you my accomplices, not in a mystitication, but
merely a surprise, which I wish should be as ingenious
as possible, in good taste, and in the best ton. It is for
this that I wish to call in the aid of your talent and
„ji(,(y ; — but to come to the point.
" During four successive ridottos Lord S. has closely
followed my footsteps, in the hope of becoming acfiuaint-
fd with a lady who took a little pleasure in tormenting
him. On my part the task was not very dilKcuIt I had
only to make myself familiar with some events of his
public life, and certain circumstances which have oc-
curred during his residence in Vienna, to induce him to
believe that the same gipsy wlio was then amusing her-
self at his expense, had followed him in the Peninsular
war, to the camp of the allied sovereigns, and even kept
watch upon him in his gallant adventures in England. I
carefully availed myself of the information rcsiiecting
diHercnt passages of his life, with which he himself sup-
plied nic in the course of my conver8alioIl^. with him,
and in the course of a week after I gave it him back as
if it had come from myself. Thus I wound up his eu.
riosity to the highest pitch : and now that my little ro-
mance has arrived at its last chapter, you shall hear how
I have prepared the dinontmtnt.
" It is not in one's power to give a heart which is no
longer one's own. This was always what I urged in
reply to his lordship's ardent declnrations. Hut, gentlemen,
you »o readily persuade yourselves that we women resist
only for mere form's sake, that it is often necessary to
prove that wo resist in good earnest. Of this fact I
wished to convince his diplomatic lordship. While I
render full justice to his powers of pleasing, I "annot
lacrificc to the caprice of a moment, the happim ss t an
affection which is inseparable from my existence. I
wish that he should know me in iny own character, and
lam desirous lo make a friend of one of whoso cha.
racier I know enough to make me prefer his esteem lo
his jallantry.
"It appears to bo the fashion of the day to give to
I every amusement an air of singularity and mystery; and
I have moreover ob«erved, that his lordship has sonw-
what of a romantic turn. I therefore pro|>osed, that if
he wished to know me, he should repair at eight o'clock
on Thursday evening, to the end of the grand alley ol
1 the Pinter ; that there he must snffer himself to he
blindfoldetl, and a carriage would be in readiness to con-
vey him and his guide to my alwdc.
" You may easily imagine that his lordship did not
heiit.ito tn accept the invitation ; though it is not rx-
I treinely prudent for the ropresentativc of a court like
I thai of Si. James's to risk an adventure of thiskiiid, the
ponscqiienees of which might bo very Uiflcreiit from what
he hn|H'«. 1 accordingly wish to give his lordship a rcccp.
lion, which, though whimsical, may be worthy the eoiili-
ilencc he rc|)oBOs in me. I have invited moet of my
friends lo come here this evening ! wo shall all Iw mask-
ed, and Isnliey and Moreau* have promised lo su|)rriii
lend the nrrnngementu of this Venitian fete. I am there.
I fore confldciit that it will produce some effect. I shall
have a concert in which several celebrated professors
will perform, Madomoiscllo l^nnbard *ill recite some
• M. Miireaii li an rmlnrni srchltrel, lo whom lh« tUy of Vienna
verses suited to the occasion, and the amusements will
conclude willi a bnll and supinT : in short, 1 ex|Mct that
the evening will make a lasting and pleasing impres-
sion." — " Ueally, countess," observed Cariati, " I liar the
remedy you propose will not effect his lordship's cure ;
such sedatives are more likely to increase, than to allay
the fever in his head or his heart !"
The countess rung the bell. "Tell Madenioisellc
Juliette I wish to s|ieak with her," snid she to the ser-
vant. " . 'lis is a little accomplice whom I wish to in-
troduce to you, gentlemen. She is my adopted daughter,
and her talents will be of material assistance to us in this
business." Juliette entered, and the countess expluiiied
the task that was assigned to her. In the iiieanwiiile I
will endeavour to describe her.
Juliette, who was sixteen years of age, was a subject
for the pencil of Raphael or Alliano; — the former might
have portrayed her modesty, like a divine emanatimi,
while the latter might have represented her grace, like
that which he conferred on his celestial lH<ings. Her lU-
tlier was an Englishman and her mother un Italian
Juliette herself passed her early childhood in France,
and her education was completed in tiermnny; and it
might truly he said that she had received the impression
of the best characteristics of the four countries. She was
licautiful without either s|icaking or moving ; but when
she spoke, danced, sang, or played, her charms were
irresistible. In addition to these attractions she pos.'<ess.
ed an excellent heart, and her mind was as pure as her
person was lovely.
The aid of such a conspirator of course facilitated the
execution of the plot. After having made our arrange,
inent we separated, promising to meet soon again.
On leaving the Jager-Zcil, I paid a visit to the Prince
do Ligne, whom I found perusing a military book, en-
titled, "Principcs cle Strat^ge appliqiids aux Canipagnes
de I7i)6, en Allcinagiic," which hud been sent to him by
its author, the Archduke Charles. " I am a little fatigued
this morning," said the prince ; " for I have been all
night reading tlicse volumes, which are full of the most
curious details. 1 have but one fault to iiiid with the
author, and that is, that he has judged himself too se-
verely. It never could be disputed that the Archduke
Charles possesses military talent of the first rate order ;
but that talent is combined with a degree of modesty,
and witli simple and unaffected manners, which it is dit-
ficiilt to reconcile with the reputation of the first captain
of .\ustria. In valour and military g(<nius, in firmness
and the art of making himself feared and obeyed, ho re.
sembles Frederick the Great ; for virtue, love of duty,
strict integrity, and sound understanding, ho is the
imago of Prince Charles of Lorraine. Some time ago I
attempted to sketch his portrait in verse, anil sent it tu
him incognito, being well aware that direct praise would
not be agreeable to him. I sus|iect, however, tliat he has
discovereil the author, and as an answer to the verses he
has sent me this work. It will no doubt be generally
read ; and what is more, it will obtain lasting ndniirers,
were it only on account of the personal merit of the au-
thor." The prince then began to converse on the art ol
war, ill the agreeable manner in which he vias accus-
tomed to discourse on every subject. He read to me
•everal passages of his military works, which t untained
a thousand amusing anecdotes. While he described the
great captains of his age and their glorious actions, I felt
that he communicated his ardour to mr. To hear the
conversation of such men is infinitely more instructive
and gratifying, than to M'ad their books. Having already
collected many literary fragments which had emanated
from the ready pen of that extraordinary man, who
might justly lay claim to glory of every kintl, I requested
him to give nio a copy of the lines on the archduke,
which he readily did. " Remember," said tlic prince,
when I took my leave, " that to-morrow evening is fixed
(i)r the carousal at court which has been so long an-
nounced, and so impatiently ex|)ccted. lie here at seven
o'clock precisely, and we will go together : thus, amidst
balls, fetes, hunting parties, and carousals, we advance to
the grand result ot this learned nsscmbly, which as yet
aft'ord* no indication of what is likely to be the future
destiny of Eiiro|ie. I must now bid you giniil morning,
for I am engaged to preside at a eJiapter of the order of
Maria Thcruau, of which (ienerul Oiiwaroff is to-day to
be created commander. Farewell, and remember to-
morrow evening,"
No one can obtain the dtioorotion of this Austrian or-
der, which is one of the highest rank in I'>uro|M>, who has
not |M<rsonally decided the successl^il issue of an action
or an engagement, unassisted by his anporior in com-
mand, 'Phc individual wishing to claim the decoration
rJttr'ofrhrBir o'^r.' """■"""•• '*"'""•"' '"""" " -""'"-" '"""«•"• »" «"- "•"Pt" "•• '^o order, where hi.
rights are discussed, and the cross awarded or refuted,
aeenrding to his merits.
After parting with the Prince de I.iijnc I cnlkd on the
Countess Fiielis, who insisted on my staying to partake
of a lliiiiily (liiiner. In the evening she had as usual a
iiiiiiiirous party, and among the company was Prince
Eugene. Colonel Krosiii, and Prince (iagariii, the I'm-
[leror Alexander's aides-decamp, who hud freciueiitly ae-
eoiiipaiiied their sovereign in his visits to the Empress
Josephine, spoke with rupture of the pulace of Malmaison,
the splentliil galleries filled with rlitf-il'aurrrn of paint-
ing and sculpture : and the rich hol-linuses, in which the
plants of IkiIIi hctiiispheres were eollcclcd : in short, all
who had seen .Mulinaison concurred in eulogising the
pure taste of the princess by whom it had been enibel-
iislicd.
" Yon will perhaps scarcely hclievc, gentlemen," said
Prince Eugene," that a place whose beauty and splendour
now cluiin your ndmirntion, wus once viewed only with
feelings of horror, as the abode of tyranny and the scene
of limnan misery. Such, nevertheless, is the fact, as the
iinnic, Malnwison, serves to attest. The place has re-
tallied that ap|M>llation since it was the nsidenee of Car-
dinal de Richelieu, the minister of I,onis XIII., who, be.
iieath the cover of the throne, committed nets of the most
sungninury despotism. I have heard," udiled the princ»,
" a traditionary anccilote relative to Malniaisnn, which
might furnish materials for a modern nielo-drama." The
company requested him to relate it, and he readily com-
plied. Il was as follows : —
In a gloomy day in the month of November, a tra-
veller on horseback stopped at tl;c door of nn inn in the
village of Riielle, which adjoins the park of Mahnaison.
The ii'istcss went out to receive him, and having given
his horse to the stable boy, he ordered dinner. He was
shown into the iM-st room in the house, and the busy
hostess set about preparing his repast. In a few minutes
another traveller on horseback stopiK'd si the inn, and
also ordered iliniier. ' I am very sorry that I cannot ac
commodate you, sir,' said the hostess; ' but every tiling
we have in the house has been liespoke by a gentleman
who arrived a few miniites before yon.' — ' Go up stairs,'
said the traveller, ' and tell your guest I shall lie obliged
lo him if he will |>ermit me tn share his dinner, and I
will defray my portion of the ex|iense.' The hostess de.
livcred the message to the first traveller, who politely
replied, ' Tell the gentleman I shall be glad of liis com-
pany, hut that it is not my practice to accept payment
from persons whom I invite to dine with me.' The se-
cond traveller according!)* went up stairs, and havings
expressed his acknowledgments for the kind reception
he hud experienced, thry both sat down to table.
" The dinner was as cheerful as could lie expected,
considering the short acquaintance of the parties; but
(luring the dessert, when some excellent wine was placed
UTore them, the conversation lieeanie more unrestrained,
and the second traveller ventured to ask his obliging
.■Vmphytrion what had brought him to that part of the
country, where he appeared to Im- a stranger. ' I have
bi'cn ordered here,' he replied, ' by the cardinal.' — ' By
the cardinal !' resumed his companion, in a tone of sur-
prise, ' Pardon my curiosity, sir, if I enqnire whether
you have reason to suppose you have given his eminence
any offence ?' — ' Hy no means,' replied the first traveller;
' and it is to free myself from any such impntntion that I
have come here. The fact is, there has been published
at Roehelle, my native town, a virulent satire upon the
pubUc conduct and personal character of the cardinul,
several copies of which have lieen addressed lo the king;
and though I never in my life wrote a single word that
has appeared in print, I am unjustly accused of being the
author of this pamphlet. Nothing obtains such ready be-
lief as the whisperings of folly and ill nature; and I have
therefore lost no time in obeying the summons of his
einiiienee, in the hope of effeetnally refuting the absurd
charge that has lieeu hronght against me,' — ' Sir,' tnid
his companion, with an expression of marked anxiety,
' return thanks to Providence for the fortunate accident
which has inlriHliiecd me to you to-day, I also have
been summoned hither by the "cardinal, and for no other
pur)iosi', I am eonvineed, than that of beheading you!'
A thrill of horror passed through the frame of the person
to whom these words were addressed, ' Vcs, sir,' re-
sumed the spenk.T, ' I say again, my task would have
been lo liehead you, I om the execiitioiirr of a neigh-
liouring town; and whenever the eurdinul hus ony secret
act of vengeance lo iierform, I receive orders to repair lo
the castle. The particulars 1 have just heard you relatr,
together with the hour of your appointment here, all con-
vince ni«, lieyond a doubt, that yoti are marked out as a
victim, — But fear nothing ; I will seeurc your esevpn
'• 'f ••» '"■ ■ •■ ^*
'a^'sS.B.y.' ■'' :- j>
1^ .:*V ,' , (,
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200
JOrUN.VL OF A N<)HI.K:iIAN
i' .
M^l
Ordir ymir linrnu iiistaiilly, mid m) willi nic. I will ac.
'|ilil lUjM-li'of llii' (ii'lit <>t'{;r:ilitii(lo wliirli your ciiiirtcjy
liiiH liii|ii>si'(l <m inc.'
" Til ' liorior anil ninriii of tlit; jKHir trnvcllrr niny be
inori' easily roncoiveil than dcsiTilHil. III! inslantly or-
dcrcd llio liorsi's to liu saddlid, and having pnid the hill,
lio nnd liis companion Kit out, takiiig ii private way
throufrh llie wood ol" Dutard. ' Do yon sue,' Bniil his
(jnidc, nn tiicy approaclicd tlio castle, ' that ifrattd v»in.
dow wliich uliiiost ri'iicliun the cniniiiis cil' the eeiilral
turret f lii that dnnjreon, senlcnees, atrninst whieli tlien^
is no appeal, are pronounced anil exe<iilrd,Hnd (he niiiti-
Inted liodie.s ol' the »ictinis are InirUd into the moat lie-
low, where they aro F|H:edily destroyed liy ipiiek-liine.
Ni'jjleel not lo oliserro my inslrnrtions. (Conceal yourself'
iK'liiiid lliat liedg;e; nnd it' within the spiiei; of an hour
yon see a lij;lit gliuimurin<r nt the window which 1 have
poiiiti il out, then yon may conclude that I am ordered
iiire to exeeiilo vcni.'ranec on unotlur : hut if, on the
Contrary, yon sec no light, rely on it that you yourselt
are the inteniled victim. In that case lose not aiiioincnt,
I'rolit hy thu darkness of the night and the Hwillness of
your hor.se. (Jain the frontier, and there plea<l yonr
cause n» you tluuk fit. Hut |K'rinit mu to tell you, that
it is absurd to ueek to justil'y yourself aguinst the impu-
tation ofiui otrcnce which you have not eonuiiitteil; tor,
where despotism icigiis, law and justice arc |)owerless.'
" Having ciprcs-sed uulMjunded gratitude to his tirtelary
saint, the traveller witlidre.w to his hiding place, 'riie
Hiispieions of tliu cordinid's agent proved well t'onndcd.
No light nppearcil at tho window of the turret; and at
the expiration of the hour the traveller galloped otV. lie
imini'iliately quitted France, nnd did not venture back
until at>cr the death of the cardinal.
" On returning to his native country, Iiis first business
was to visit tho inn of Ruille, and to make enquiries re-
KlX'Ctiiig his lionufaetor; who, however, Imd not been
seen or heard of for several years, lie then related his
adventure, whicli has since become a local tradition, and
lias conferred eelehrity on the inn of liuelle, known by
the sign of the Chcwl liliine, 'I'lie room in wliieli the
l»'o travellers dined i» sliown tu this day, and is called la
mile lie bun aecourt.
" You see, gentlemen," added I'liuee lOiigene, "that
there is souic iliti'erenec bitwern the iinpressiou whidi
iMalmiiison prnducud on yon, and that wliieli was e\{K'-
rieneeil whim the lour tin nnl.liillni was an object of ter-
ror to the IK ighbouring country."
The above story, wliieU was told in a very interesting
manner by I'rince Kugtne, uitroduecd the narration nl
other terrific adventuriF, and n< xt day all the ladies
complained that they Irad lueii distmlHil by frightful
dreams. Hut it is pleasing to have, the imagination ex
cited even at tlio cxjhiisc of a broken niyhl's rest.
niAPTKR XXIV.
Arroiint nt' ilie ceti liiaitrit (mirtmiiii iitifivi-ii at Vienna tlnriiiK rnii.
t^irs!,— I.iiil> LnnUi iriigli wrariiiu ilie iiidi^Miia iil'ilie oriliTut'Llii'
(iiirh r as a iliatli-iii.
(Jood taste is not I think so superficial a quality as it
Is genrrally considered. The eoneiirnneo of many re-
qiiisites is necessary to loriii it; diliciiiy of iiiiiid and
iintiinent, aequaintanee with the maiiiiers of |inlite so-
c iity, am! a errtuin tuet spontaneously legiilating the
whole. Illigaiiee in the iiahils of lili; i.. iiquisite to lorni
gooil taste ; and linally, llie I'teling should be superior to
the eoiidilion of its possessor; liir no one leels at case,
even ill prosperity, unless he has u mind which raises
him iH'yond its inllueiiee.
This definition of u valuablo quilily, which imparts
liMi great a elinrin to actions iiisignilieaiit in themsrlves,
ina'y with equal justice be applied to whatever relates to
fetes, parties anil entertainments of every kind. It may
Iheret'oro pro|H'rly precede the description of a s|M'etaele,
unique ill its kind, and the spbniloiir of which was greatly
inhaneed by a judicious display of taste; as a brilliant
viirnisli increases the transparency of a painting.
The engagemnit I had formed with thu rrinee de
l.igiie for the evening iMcnpied my thoughts the whole
day long, so anxious was I to lie priBent at ii fete, where
the evhibition of ancient feiits ol eliivalry would revive
tho reeollectiniis of the liiiiu when valour obrved love,
and beauty erowncd llieiii liotli. Many weeks had Im-cu
spent in preparations lor this carousal : so that no doubt
was iiiterliiined that the court would display, on the oc-
casion, till' utmost splendour anil iiiagnilii "iiee.
At seven o'clock 1 was with the prince, and in ii few
monieiits aller we were scalci] in n carriage on our way
to the eoiirl.
" Do not imiigine," said lliu prince' to me, as w<! drove
along, •* that we are going to witness a deadly conllict
Tlie comliatants will not maintain the lioiionr of their
mistres.scs by a feat of arms, nor by an apjieal to the
jiKlgiiient oftMid, as the vanquished were accustomed to
do, when liii re was no otiiir way of esraping death but
by iHTjietual seclusion in a eoiiveiit. Since the fatal uc
eideiit, which took place ill a tuumament, and ended tile
days of King Henry II. of France, such burbarou.s amuse-
iiieiits have given place to more iiarmlcss and graceful
exercises, and our iiioilern righters of wrongs now main
tain the iiicoinparablu Isaiity of their ladies in a touriia
nicnt with as little danger as if they were pleading a
thesis in the court of love."
pH'Veral ollicers under the direction of Count.Wurm-
brand, grand iiia.-ti r ^' the cereiiionies, waited at the
gates tiir tho persons invited, and conducted them to
their allotted places.
The toiirnanient was to 1h.' Iicld in the imperial mews.
The hall, the extent of which nearly equ.illcd that of an
ordinary cliunli, was in the loriii of a long parallelogram.
A circular gallery, supported by twenty-tbiir Corinthian
columns, fioiii which were suspended the escutcheons ol
the knights, ornaiiieiited with their amis and devices,
eomiiiunicnted with the dill'ercnt aparliiients of the pa-
lace : in this gallery Isncbes were |ilaced, raised gradu-
ally one aliovc another, and capable uf uccominoiiating
nearly one thousand s|iectators.
At each cxtrcmit;- ot" the hall tlicru vs-erc two ranges
of seats adorned with dra|K'ry, onu for the monarchs,
empresses, archdukes, and sovereign princes, and the
other I'or the twenty-tour ladies whose knights were to
maintain in the tournament that they were the fairest of
the fair.
Ill tiic galleries surmounting these scats orchestras
were placed: nnd it need scarcely he added, that every
distinguished musical |Ka'foriner in Vienna was present.
-V iiiiiltitude of chandeliers with wax candles ditfus(^d
a lustre through the hall, which rivalled the light of day.
W'c were placed liclweeii the Count de Montgelas, the
Havarian minister, ond the Chevalier de Los-|{ios, the
Spanish envoy. Near us s.tt the I'rince Nicholas Kstcr-
lia/.y, dressed in the uniibrm of the llimgorian hussars,
richly embroiilered with fine |M'arls, wliieli was an object
of curinsily in itself, considering that it was valued at no
less than l,OIMI,l)IIO l-oiins.
Till' whole front of the gallery w.'ui occupied by ladies
distinguished for their U'liity and rank. " (Jbscrvc,"
said the I'rince de l>ignc, " I,ady CiisUereagli near the
seat allotted to the sovereigns. She wears in her liair hy
way of a diadem, his lordship's order of the garter set
with diai'iniiils; a coqiicltisli conceit, of which Kilward
111. could scarcely have dreamed in 1314, when he picked
up the garter of the heaiitifiil Countess of Salisbury." —
" I'crhaps," replied the Count de IMontgclas, " her lady-
ship wishes at the present momi'iit to convey an allusion
to the wish of the I'oundcr of the ordir of tho garter to
revive the institution of the knights of the round table
With this view he invited nil the Kiiglish and liireign
knights to dilliri'iit tttes given at Windsor; iiud but ibr
the jealousy of I'liilip do Valois, tlicy would doubtless
have been no less brilliant than this."
( >n the two rows of scats behind the ladies princes and
nobleiucii of every country presentcfl a complete line of
gold and diamonds ; Ibr their court ilrcsscs and unilorms
were studded with orders and embroidery, while tlie tur-
ban of the I'lieha of Widdin.tlie calVan of the Maiirujeing,
and the calpack of I'rince .Mauny-lleg Mirza, gave pic-
turisqiie variety to the rniijt iL'iril. I was continually
eiiipiiring of the I'lliice de Ligne the names of the inili-
t iiluals wlioiii 1 did not know ; and on his niilshing the
long nonieiiclatnre, 1 could not help rxclaiming, "Truly,
prince, tlie whole world is lieru !" — " Not so," he replied;
" there is still an iiii|K)rtaiit guest absent." — " And wlio is
that >." 1 enquired, presuming that ho meant Napoleon.
"The nieclianist Degen, whom you remember to have
seen here willi me, in 1H(I8, extending his wings nnd
hovering over our heads. I should like to see him here
now, holding in his hand the crown wliidi will presently
Ihi decreed to the victor in the simrts, and descending
I'roin tho roof to have il placed on his.liciid. Degen is in
Vienna, and I am indeed astonished that he has not been
thought of."
At eight o'clock precisely -. flnurisli of truiui'ctii from
the heralds nt arms aimniinccd tho entry of the ladies,
who were ciniluetcd by their champions to their Bents.
< )n heholding thrill one might have imagined that nil the
wealth of the Austrian nioiiarehy had been put in re-
ipiisition to contribute to tin ir adornmcnl. Tlicir velvet
rols's were trimmeil with rich lace, and madu after the
liisbioii of lioiiis XIV.'s time, but iiKHlilied by the taste ofj
the wearcis, and enriclit'ii in every way that luxury could
sniigest: they were literally covered with jHarls and i,„.,
cioua stones, and their dnsses v\i re studded willi ,||j.
nioiiils. The dresses of I'rinccsses I'aul Fsterhazy, y'
.Maria de .Mettcrnicli, of the Countesses de Periironi
Uezewoiiski, de Maiassy, Sophia Ziq^y, &,c. were valuij
at more than twenty millions. The whole scene was i
revival of the old French court with new graces. 'W
ladies were separated into four parties, and dtetinguislmj
by diil'crent coloured dresses, viz. black, crimson, scarln
and blue. The cloak and scarf of each knight coin,
sponiled with the col mr chosen by his mistress.
The knights were dressed in the Spanish costume, ami
tlii'ir dresses wire richly embroidered with gold aiiii fji"
ver ; and their hats, suriiiouiitcd with waving pluniw
were oriiaiiiinled with loops of pilaris or diamonds.
As soon as the ladies of the tournament liud tik™
their place, — forming an assemblage of beauty siicliaj|
thought could only be seen in the native land of KanlmJ
or depii'ti d by hi:, pencil, a second flourish of triuiiiat.
aminimced the arrival of tlic sovereigns.
The two <Mii|)crors sat with the empresses at Ihiif
sides, nnd the otiier sovereigns and reigning priiin,
ranged themselves in the order of rank : tlicy were all m
full costniiie, and pri;scnted the grandest 8|iectacle llm
lOurope coiilil ufi'urd. It was hoped that thu cni|jrNs
Maria Loiii.sn, and her son, young Najiolcon, would liai,.
been present; but they were not. Maria Louisa felt iJi,
delicacy of licr situation, and wisely deemed, tiial tW
only means of maintniiiing dignity in misfortune wnsio
live in obscurity. She accordingly left the palace of I
Schoenbrun but seldom ; tho prince, however, told aie I
that she hail several times attended the rehearsals of tlis I
tournament, accoinjianicd by her fatlicr nnd her younj
sisters.
As soon OB all tlio sovereigns nnd the rest of the S|i«.
tators were seated, strains of martial music rcsoundtil I
through the hall, and the twenty-four knights made iluif
entry. They were the flower of the Austrian nnliiliiv,
and hail during the preceding camnaigns gallantly ««
their spurs. They were mounted on sujierb liorsif, so I
richly caparisoned, tliat their colour coulil not be ilis. I
tingiiishcd. Twenty-four pages preceded them disiilav
ing their banners; and tlicy were followed by thirty.™
C[,i|iiire3 bearing their shields. These esquires v.crc aU
ill the Spanish costume, but more plainly dressed than
the knights, and were mounted on fine black horsrii. [
The whole cavalcade advanced towards tlic sovcnigns,
whom they saluted with their lances; then retuniiiijji
a galloping pace, tlicy offered tho same mark of ri's|«'fi
to their mistresses, who, rising, returned the saliiUilirai.
I laving twice inaile the round of the circus, tlicy all willi.
drew, and liinr of them immediately re-entered to mm. i
iiicnce tlio elegant exercises of the evening. 'I'urks' ami I
Moors' heads were fixed on slightly elevated stakes, and I
each knight passing at a gallop had to carry one of tliini
oil' on the point of ins sword. This was a relic of aanU I
ciistoni, introduced f<>r the purpose of maintuiiiini; li«' [
hatred of the (ierni.in knights towards their daring anil
implaealde enemies the Turks. |
These and other teals were executed with sinjiiilai I
address. .Scuiic of the knights carried otV rings on iIk I
IKiiiit of the lance, or pierced small objects siis|Hiiili'il il I
a few feet from the grotiiid.
Others were armed with short javelins, which lluyi
hurled with great dexterity at the image of a Saraoii,!
which served as a target, and then with another jav.lin,!
having a hiHik at the |ioiiif, they picked up from likl
gj-oiind, while passing at full gallop, tho dart tlicy lud |
just thrown.
Another jiarty armed with sabres cut in two nil ap|>lt|
8iis|HUidcd by a thread, and atlirwards cut it ncrMl
again. This last teut required infinite dexterity, aiiiilbtl
knight who most excelled in it was thu sou of l'riiitt|
Traiitmansdorlf.
All tlicsi feats wcro iK'rfornied ullernately by the ili'
tl'riiit knights, to the aceompaniment of licautiful mill. I
tnrysyiiiplionies, while thu smiles of the ladies lewarddl
their address and dexterity. I'lilike the fair dailies nln|
ill the tilts and tournaments of the olden tiiiic, ullirid
loud cries and shrieks, to e.xciln their champions tu ili I
fend their f'oine, tiiu liidies on this m^coNion seenicil U\
tlii'ir smiles In say to the knights, " ruinoinbur that ynl
are jousting for two bright eycB."
Ill 11 few minutes the wliolu cavalcade of knights on^l
squires reapiicareil nnd executed various elcgnni ii*[
no'uvres, Icrmiiiating with n sort of dance, which wTvtdl
tu display to advantage the intelligencu and Is'aiilvdl
their horses. The prizes awarded to tliocoiiqucror»»"«<l
those distributed by Ihir hands, which enhanred llm'
value. The knights having oneo more saluted UicbjvtI
reigns and tho ladies, rotlu round tlio circle for the l«<l
lliiii', uiid wit
iiil.rnl.
.\ short till
\n,- l.ulies. I
l.iiiriiaiiiciit;
till! s;)cct.icle.i
Al liiiglh ti
i-oiiiliicled the
ivire liiiiig wi
I..1II. .V spli 11
till' l.lilies to tl
SI llli'il till' 1110:
'I'lic knight:
ciiii'f 'ibjeels o
r.iirnito, and di
with the erowc
Till' siqiper
Aiiioiig the ti
ciiV.T.s, '^xyr the
liitiic of the tlo
jcHi'l.S and the
(Iri'il.s of crysta
fare ri'scuililinf!
iTi'.ili'd by the )
Darin;,' siip|N!r
the li.irp, sang 1
laloiir.
A tier siip|)er
rnoiiis, where ii
uirds of three 1
nil tin'. W.1S illii
«Ms ki'jit uji 11
a|i|).ireiilly astoi
ImiI enjoyed at (
iii'ciiiii|Kiiiii'd by
(riiilc*. Ill fhor
li:rgiilli 11 hy any
.\IKt siipjier I
I niel ill one of
so: if llie ladit
In liini, " how b(
this evening : til
liy llie cliariiis ai
.'^iirrnuiided by a
till' prince, "you
nfiMii'ol the iiios
</iilin:iry age ; bill
'Taille, and u \w
As I expressed st
ilrauiiig me asidi
vein an episode o
liuK s from her o\
"At that |MTio,
«Ms eovcrcd with
who w.is a.'4 ccleh
liy lilrili, ri'sided
il.iii!;litiT Rosalie,
for /iir sallfy she
iiiitions. She wa
linnary eoiimiiftei
llii' repiililir, and 1
iial : — to he snsjiei
«.is ill a Ii w days
" IJiiriiig her ii
was si'p.uati'd fVoi
to have her d.iiighi
Has carried to the
till' care of some o
ill Ihiir turns, s|k'i
princess, and icfl
''■ii|iiiiiions in mis
lonsiirii,.,! („ |||„ ,,|
|iri*iii, whose mil
llioii^rh sIk' had ti'
irenenmsly tisik cli
III r from ihe |irisoi
" Kni.ilie, who w
very ililferi nt from
I", was alike r
ilii|io»ilioii. .She d
lier iliiiiii'Htie ocelli
ri»lu'il the same ull'i
' 'I'll!' reign of b
yu'liiiK, which wna
'■Europe, inlbrnieil t|
I "iiiiilry wliieh was
li»il ixiiil the Ibrfcit
"linre in a iiiisguidi
"'*" iH'iiig mad.'
'.""^.•'iiiiiitKcew,
'" ""fis where, wit
AT iiiii coN(;ui;ss or viknna.
201
I |H'ni'U and |itv.
udiltil witli iijj.
ul EHtcrlmiy. (if
ics ill! IV'ri^Kjtil,
&.r. wure valwd
ole Bcciie wa» i
3W praccs. Tl«-
iiul <ll^tingtiisht(|
criiiis«on, s(arlii,
cli kniglit fnrrt.
iiiistri'ss.
lish costume, snj
v'itli gnlil uiid >|'..
wuvinjf pluiiiiv,
r ilinnioixls.
iinicnt imil tikm
: beauty such as I
eland of Ua|iliul, |
Lirisli of truiiii<b
iiiproascs at llnir
riiigiiing prinoi,
; : tlicy were all
lost siKJctacle tliji
tliat the cni|irrss
[K>lcon, would liavc
iria Louisa felt tl« |
deemed, tliat tht
misfortune was to
lcl\ tlic (Kilacc 01 I
, liowcvcr, told m I
ic rclicanialH of Uk
icr and her youn;
lie rest of tlio S|i«.
il nuisic rcsnuiidril
l(ni);liUi made tliiir
: Austrian nnhiliiy.
ligns gallantly won
II 8U|K-rl) liormt.so
• could not bo &
:('dcd them dis|>lay
llowed by tliirty-tii
e csquiri'H were aUi
)liiinly dressed than
no bliick liorseii.
I'ards the sovereigns,
I; then returninjil
|nic mark of ros|«-fl
ned the Bahitullon.
:iri;us, tlicy all willi-
re-entered to emii. I
ning. Turks' ami
vatcd stake:', anil I
carry one of tluin I
IS a relic of an old I
uiaintuiuiui! IIk
their daring ani
eU
of
utod with sinpibl
citt" riu(;s on lie I
ibjects 8Us|Kiid«l it I
relins, which llio; I
iiajjc of a Surann, |
itii another javilin,!
licked up from Itio I
the dart tlicy liaii I
|Cut in two annpiJil
Mirds cut it Qcrosl
' dexterity, and Ik I
the son of I'rinctl
niately by llieili'l
t of iK'aulil'ul null- 1
the ladii'B lewarWl
lie fair ilaiiieN wIkvI
olden time, ullitiJ I
ehampious lo JiT
coHion Bceiiifd I'l I
emomhiT tliat vmI
ade of knijfliln tnJl
iirioUH eleRaiil m\
lance, which wrviJI
jnco and lH«iily"i|
[lioconquerorHwrnl
leh enhaneed 'l""!
Ire wdiited llieM"T
circle liir the li»|
, line, mid witlidrow in tho saiiio order in which they had
'"Tsl'inrt time idnpscd In-fore they returned to lead oul
1' lidio-i I liad been sUndiuj llie, whole time of llie
l,'!iiniaHieiit; but llie admiration which tlie gramleiir of
|i„. s.K-et:icle. excited banished t;very suiisation of fati^rue,
\l'leii"th the kninlits reapiieared in tlio gjllery, and
comliieleii their ladiis to the xraiul suite of rooms, which
tt-ere liiiii" with lljwers and tastefully decorated for tin'
IpII a splendid blaze of li^'lil displuycil the beauty of
,1,,. liilies to the hii;hcst lulvaiilase ; and the wlnde pre.
s, iilid the most madiiifieiNit speetaelu imafriualile.
The kui^'lil^' and their fair partners now beeaini; the
,.i|iel"id.j«'e'i's of alteiitioii, for llio sover(;i;{lis np|«'ared in-
..iniit'i, and disiruised in their dominos, mingled freely
with the crowd. , ■ ,•
The supper was of tho most sumptuous description.
AiMiiMT Hie tables was one laid out with forly-ei;rlit
eiiv.rsri'or the pi'rlormcrs in the lournanicut. 'I'lie |ier.
liiiiic id'tlie tlowers, the majxuirtceuee of the driwses and
jewels and the blaze of wax' lights, sparkling in Imii-
.Ireiis of 1 rvst:il chandeliers, presented altogether a pic-
liire reaomrding those descriptions of enchanted ptilaees
, re nliil bv the imagination of pneLs and romance writers,
lluriii;' sup|M;r minstrels, aecompaiiyiug themselves on
the harp, sang lays and ginniiles in praise of beauty and
laloiir. . . .1 1 n
Alhr sup|>er the company again repaired to Ine ball
rooms where in a short time tlicre were assembled up-
ward:) 'of three thousand persons. The quadrilles boasteil
III! tli:it was illustrious in rank and birth, and dancing
ivas kept up until daylight. 'I'lie company separated,
a|ipareiil!y astonished at the unminglcd pleasure they
had enjoyed at one of those splendid Ictes, where cnnwt,
iiiTiiinpaiiied by constraint and vanity, so freiiucntly in-
(riide.s In thorl, the scene will, I am certain, iiever Im;
i;ii.'ntlen by any one who liad the happiness to witness it.
A'ler snpiier I again joined the Prince do Ligne, whom
J met ill one of the ball rooms, admiring the dancing of
fone of the ladies of the tournament. " Observe," said I
In liiiii, " how beautiful the Ooimtcsa Hezewouski looks
this evening : the elegance of her dress is rivalled only
liy the charms and graces of her |K'rson." — " To see her
.■iiirioiiiided by all this splendour and happiness," said
llie prince, "you would not suppose her lo be the heroine
ofmie ot the most extraordinary adventures of this extrii-
<.rdhiary age ; but I can assure you that a prison was her
eraille, and n ixjor laundress's garret her first school."
As I expressed some surprise on hcmring this, he added,
druwhig me aside, " Come this way, and I will ri'late to
yciii an episode of her life, which I have heard twenty
ihiic s from her own lips."
" At that iierimi of the reign of terror, when Frnnce
was covered with .scatUdds, I'rinccss Fanny LuliomirHkn,
who was as cclidiralcd lor iM'auty as she was illustrious
by hirlli, resided in I'aris. She had with her her only
iliiitjhler Uosalie, who was then five year* of age ; mid
for lier safely she confidently relied on the sacred law ol
iiiiliiins. She was however denounced to the revolu-
tionary eomniiltec, on tho charge of conspiring against
rlio rejiiiblic, and arrnigned kliire that sanguinary trihu
ii:d :— to he siis|iected, accused, and condemned to duath,
wMs in a fi'W days the fate of the unfortunate victim,
"During her imprisonment in the Coneiergerio she
was separnteil from all her servants; hut she was allowed
lo have her daughter with her; and the day on which she
was carrieil to the scatl'old she recoininendcd Hosniie lo
the care of some of her Icllow prisoners. Ihit the latter,
III their turns, s|HM!dily cx|H'rienced the same fate as the
jirinceHs, and icll Itosalie as a dying iKipicst to tlieir
e' npiinions in mist'ortime. The |)oor child was at length
i'nii8ii;iied to Ibu ehnrilahle care of thi! laundress of the
|>risiin, whose name was Itertot. This |ioQr woman,
tlioii<;li she had five children of her own to maintain,
ifrneriiMsly tiHik charge of the |ioor orphan, and removeil
lur I'riMii the prison to her own obscure lodging.
" l!ns;ilie, who was now consigned to a sphere of life
ery dilVeri nt from that wliiidi fate had marked out for
I her, was alike rcmarkahie for her heauty and amiable
I ili<|iosilioii. Sill! diligently assisted her iK'neliictresii in
I lur doniestie nceiipalioiis, anil her adopted mother e.he-
I risked the wiiiie alfeelion fiir her as for her own children.
The reigii of IiIoihI had eensed, and tlio list of llie
I virliins, which was nt that period piihlislieil throughout
Kiiropc, informed the friends of' the countess, that in a
I roimlry which was called free nn illustrious I'olish lady
liiiil |nid the I'orfi it of her head for her imprudent coiili-
dinre in a iiilsgiiided |icoplc.
"IhilH'ing made neipiainleil with tlin horrible inlelli-
I p.'iiire.Coinil Kczcwouski.tlie princess's brother, liaslened
lo I'liris where, with the iissislaiiee of the iiiagistcriiil
luthorities, he actively endeavoured to discover tlie ilaugli-
ter of his milortuutite sister. For several weeks, howiver,
his clforts were unavailing : a(lv<'rliseineults promises ol
reward, holliing iiiul been neglecleil. Iiul the adierli.sc.
incuts nevir reached llie eye of the |M)or laundress, and
the jailer of the Coneiergcrie, the only person who could
give him any account of the orphan, was dead, and had
had two successors. 'J'he count almost relimiuished every
hope of allainiiig his objecl, and began to fear that miserv
had hastened the death of his ineee. However, Kosalie's
trials were ilrawing to a close: — it happened that the
laimdiess of tin: t'niiciergerie akso v.'aslted liir the hotel
(Iritii'^i: lliiliiliiiT, where the count had put up on his
arrival in I'aris.
"One nmrning when Uosalie, aeeonipaliicd by her
adopted molher, brought liome soiuit linen to the hotel, the
count saw her as she crossed the eourt-yar<l. lie wn.s
struck with her iKauty, and tlmuglit he coold trace in
her features some resejnldaiiee Ut tiiose of his si.-.ler :
' U'hiit is your name, iny little girl " said he. ' Kosniie.' —
' Rosalie I' repeated the count with surprise. ' My good
woman,' continued lie,adilressiiigliimselfto the laundress,
' is this your chihl .'' — ' 1 might say she is mine, sir,' re-
plied the woman, ' liir I have brought lur up since she
was three years old; however, 1 am not Ik r mother; she
is the daughter of a lady who died a prisoner in tliet^on-
eiergerie, and she has now neither father nor mother.' —
' A lady who was a prisoner in the Coiieiergerie ?' — ' Yes,
sir, and a lady of qualitv', loo; but she was guillotined like
many others by Kobespii rre.' The count no longer
iloubted that his niece stood belbic hiui. lie iniinedialely
addressed Kosalie in llie Polish language, the iiccenls of
which revived all the impressions of her childhood. She
burst into tears, and running into the arms of the count,
she cxcbimed, ' I understand you, sir, I understand youl
that is the language which my mother used lo speak 1'
The count pressed the child lo his bosom, sayhig, ' Have
I at length found thee, Rosalie I the child ol' my beloved
sister?' 'J'hen turning to the launilress, who stood iiio-
tionlesB with surprise, he said, ' Itertot, eonlinuc still to
be her mother — she shall not leave you. She has been a
part of your liiiiiily — you shall heiicefoitli be a part of
liers ; — Rosalie shall now begin to share her bettered fur-
tune with you!' With these words he put into her hand
a purse of gold, and desired lur lo remove with her
children to the hotel (•iiiiigc linliilliirr. A few days af-
tcrwarils he lell Paris to return to I'olaiid, whither Her-
tot and her family ac^coiiipiuiied Rosalie.
" The ehihlren of the laundress were brought up under
the eyes of the count. 'I'lie Iniys were placed nt the uni-
versity of Wilna; aii>i allerwards having ciilered the Po-
lish army, they became the aides-de-camp of Prince Po-
nialowski ; and the girls, to whom handsome |>ortioiis
were given, married I'idisli gentlemen.
" The beaiilifuU'omitess Uosalie, who is very naliirally
the object of your admiration, married her cousin ('omit
Uezcwouski. Since, happiness has spread its golden veil
over her destiny: her benefactress, tho estiniable llcrtid,
cnntiuucs to reside with her ; and the eoimtcss, who loves
her as a mother, calls her her I'rovideiiee.
" 'J'his," added the prince, "is an anecdote which de-
serves lo 1)0 engraven ill the lie:irls of all women." —
" Yes," oliscrved I, " it ought to be made known, so that
public esteem may reward actions which unfortunately
are but too rare."
CIIAP'l'KR XXV.
\'i»it to the pnrrejnin niiiiiiiriietory, and in tlie lin|ierhil Irensiiry—
AerniMii 111' a tuaiiiaiiieiit In bwedin — AneeitnieH ot' Fiehvli
Ii-aclitrH.
How many jicople there are in the world who love to
compare rather than lo applaud; — who examine u Uiok
with prejuiliee, lest it should allord them too much
pleasuri; ! Tliesi: persons imagine they display talent
111 proportion as they alfect to he fastidious ; — they juilgi'
before they read, and eritieise rather than allow their
feelings lo bi! moved. Yet a few short lines imbued
with scnllmcnt and imagination are preferable to a
whole eneyclopeilia of words, and a few hours' pleasant
reading arc soiiietimcH worth twenty learned dis.scrta-
lions.
('ohiiiel llrosiu and tho Chevalier Danilewski gave
mo nn early call, and rcipicsted ir.e to nccompany them
on a visit lo the c( lebrated iHircclain manufactory situated
in the suburb of Kosscaii. The KmiHTor Alexander
had bespoke several articles at the mamifuclory, and had
directed his aiih.ile.cnmp llrnsin to hasten llieir com-
jiletion. On our arrival we met the Dutchess of Olden.
iHirg, nceompanied by her cinirniing sislir thelicredilary
princess of Sive Weimar, :iiiil the prince royal of Wir-
teniburg. The ilhiatrious parly had ordered diiiiur
services, which were nearly ri'ady, and were certainly
the most tasteful produclions of the inanulactory. 'I'he
designs were exeeiitid by \'ieiina artists. On one of the
ser\ iees VMtre represented the costumes of the lllly-two
Russian governments, cojiied from the designs in Count
C'harlus Rechberg's work on Russia; and on another
were retraced the games and costumes of the .Sclavoninns,
alter the sketches of tiie painter Orlowski. The vases
ordered by the emperor were ornamented with fanciful
ihsigns, similar to those which the maiml'aetory cxiiorts
to 'I'lirkey and Cliiiia.
Nearly six hunilred individiiiils are tanployed in this
porcelain manufaclory, and ol'lhese one hmidred are artists.
Two vases of great beauty, ornamented svilli open work,
cut almost as tine as lace, were pri seiiteil lo Ihe prince
royal. " Ah !" observed be, " 1 am afraid to lake ebaige
of things which require so miieli care." 'I'lien, turning
lo tlie princesses, he idded, — " I.adu s, allow me to trans-
ler these elegant fnigililh's to you — they will he more
sale in your keeping lliaii In mine." On having Uio
I slablisbmenl, which is far inferior to those of Sevrce,
Saxony, and lierlin, we accompanied the prince and
princesses to the imperial treasury, which contained a
lew objects of anliqiiily, and a rich eolleclion of modern
curiosities. Among other things were several specimens
of clock work, and the first watches made in Nuremberg,
wlihdi being eonlaincd in oval cases of carved ivory, have
received the name of eggs. We were also shown some
splcnilid vaBcs of crystal, and others cut from blocks of
jas|K'r and agate, cups and lamps tiirmcd of lapis-lnzuli,
and a vase t<!ii inches high and four in diainclcr, cut out
of a single lopaz. We also s:iw an assortment of crowns,
sceptres, and jewelry of every kind, which, though very
ohUfashiiined, had been several times copied and re-
copied.
In a separate apartment we fouiul a collection of the
early works of Raphael, executed at a time when that
great artist was employed to make designs for the iLiliaii
piillery. This uniiiuc eolleclion was a pretcnt from llic!
pope, and a high value is set upon it. 'I'lie piclnres are
fixed info the carved paneling of the wall. Though tho
talent of the great painter is scarcely discernible in these
imperiect sketches, y<t they possess the interest which
cannot liiil lo Ik! attached to every production of his iin-
morlal pencil.
As my friends and I had no engagement for dinner,
we repaired lo llie Knipresstif Austria hotel, which was
the resort of foreigners, when! llie numerous parties who
daily usscniblcd, coiiBtanlly formed nn agrceablo sort of
a club.
(Notwithstnndiiig the influx of foreigners of rank and
fortune in Vienna, the ex|Knse of living was by no
means extravagant. A Dutch ducat was at that lime
worth twelve ilorins in paper money ; its numerical
value being llms doubled, the pro|ierly of foreigners
was augnienled in an equal proportion. Picnic din-
ners, SI rved with profusion, did not exceed five florins
per head, including wine.)
During dinner Ihe conversalion turned excliuiivcly on
the carousal of the preceding day, at which most ol the
guests had been present. 'J'he knights and their ladies,
the music and the hori-es, Ac. were praised and criti-
cised by turns : but it was universally admitted that so
splendid a spectacle and so illustrious a circle of Bpeclu-
t(;rs, had never bcliire been Keen in l'hiro|H!. " As lour-
iiamcnts probably had Iheir rise in d'ermany," observed
the piiiiee of Hi'sse-Homburg, " it was very natural that
an endeavour should have been made yesterday lo revive
the reconeelhm of that circumstance." "Since the reign
of Fionis XIV,," said (icnerul .limini, "certainly ii«lhiiig
similachas been allempled ; and Ihe great Colbert, could
he have wilncssed Ihe lite of yesterday, would have ae-
kiiowledged hiiiihcif eiitdone." " Pardon me," iiiler-
nipted llie Chevalii r neriminscn, "I think that Stock-
holm has uceasionally been the sci lie of equal gaiety and
splendour. At the beginning of the reign of (iustnvus
Ailolphus IV. several louriiaincnls were givi ii at tlie
ipieen's palace at Drolniiigliolin, for the king was of
opinion Ihat such nmuscmcnls tended to keep up in
Sweden thai valour, elegance, and courlcBy of maimers,
of which (iuHtaviis 111. niid his court exliihiled such
|K<rfect models. 1 can assure you, Kcnthnicn, that though
yesterday's carousal wns certainly a splendid 8|H'claclc,
llioso at which I have Ihcii present in Sweden liuvo
rivalled il, not in inngniliecnec, but in the nceuratc
fidelity lo idd traditions. The Inst at which I was pre-
sent was very remarkable. The (lerman panels hud for
some lime previously anuouiieed that a knight who
wished to remain imkiiown, challenged to single ctmibat
any Swedish knight who iiiighl dispnlo witli him Iho
pri/.e of Ihe louiiutmcnt, which was u scarf cnihruidercd
W>'' ' ■'.'": -V't
:; ■'■■ '-^i^
fe'tr'f.v-.'i^rl
fVtt (, : ,; .'|."'1>
I'
■ A
• t*
• t:
m
m
':^'i^i
■,i,f^
'^.
, >^ ■'•5 ..
bA'.' *'3J
202
JOIIRNAI. OF A NOnriKM \!»
l^lfS-
^F^V
\:.^'|.i i
by the haiuU of tlu^ (HK'cii. Ho accordingly kus|h-iuIciI
nt tlic b.irrirr of tl]<> ciiriip liis Hliiclil, wliicti was oriiu-
niunk'd with stars on nn azure •rrouiid, with the device
fra lanii una. His gunntlet was taken up by yoiiii^
Count Oxensficrn. A cirennisluiice uliieh added to llie
wliinisicality of the combat was, that the knijjht choice
as his wca|>on the battle-uxc, the use of which ha<l been
I'xploded for centuries. On this occasion tiiere were, as
yon may naturally suppose, n thousand reports in eireu-
iation, iuid a thousand various conjectures alloat. How-
ever, the most accredited story Wiis, that the imltnown
Don tiuixote was a young Knjjlish nobleman, who,
durin^r a visit to the court of liadcn, had become pas-
sionately enamoured of the (pioen, then I'rineess Doro-
tlica. It was for a lime supjiosed he would obtain lier
hand; but one of the dauirhlcrs of the Marffravu havin<j
become empress of Russia, and another queen of llavaria,
policy made Dorothea (pieen of Sweden. The loviT
was discardiMl; but he was unable to master his unfor-
tunate passion; and his only renminini; wish was to die
or to triumph over his adversary in the presence of the
object of his adoration. The kiiiff, who rarely failed to
take part in these amusements, and to dispute the prizes
with the other champions of the carousal, was unwilling
that so public a duel should violate the ob.servance of the
laws, which by his coronation oath he had sworn to
maintain ; and in consequence the combat did not take
place.
The tournament was however extremely magnttieent.
The <|ueen crowned the conqueror, who proved to be
young ('ount Pi|)er. At'ler the tournament the count's
banner was placed in nn antique car, drawn by two
reindeer as white as simw ; and the entertaimnent, like
that of yesterday, closed by a ball and supper, at which
all tlic court were present.
As my chapter is but short, I will here relate two an-
ecdotes which I heard while at llaginow in Russia, a
village .500 wersts from Moscow.
In this neighbourhood the Count de W . has his
principal estate, on which he sjwnds a great portion of
the vcar. A curious incident occurred, whilst here, to
my 'recollection, which justifies the appellatiim of the
Bulany Hay of the European continent given by my
witty friend, the .Marquis de Maisonforl, to Moscow.
That city in fact abounds with adventures and quacks of
all kinds from almost every part of Euro|)e.
The Count VV had commissioned his brother,
who resided at Moscow, to Icwk out for some B'renchman
who was competent to undertake the education of the
count's two sons, and to enter into the nccossary agree.
meat with him for that purpose. A Frenchman of good
appearance was selected tVom among a great number of
candidates, and was soon atler despatched to Kanginow.
Things went on satisfactorily lor some time, and the
count applauded the choice his brother liad made for
him. One day a servant of the count, who had Ix'cn ap-
pointed to attend exclusively on the French tutor, acci-
dentally observed that the latter had the mark of a lily
printed on one of his shoulders. Astonished at a novelty
BO unaccomUable, he ventured to question the French-
man, who, taken by surprise, and probably not knowing
exactly what explanation to giv<', told the servant in
great secrecy that he was a member of the family of the
bourbons, who, after the revolution, had oil agreed on
printing that royal mark U|>on their persons, that it
might always servo as a sign of recognition among
themselves in any part of the world where their misfor-
tunes might happen to lead them. Notwithstanding his
promise to keep the matU.'r secrel, the servant, as may
be easily imagined, hastened to inform every one of his
fellow domestics with his luck in having to attend on a
person of royal blood. This soon came to the ears of
the whole family, and from that moment he vyas treated
by all with an obsequiousness and respect which almost
placed the whole establishment at his command. Ill
luck would have it, however, that one day a French
emigrant holding a distinguished rank in the Russian
service, being on his way to Cuzun, stop|)oU nt Kaginnw
to »|)cnd n day with C^nnt de W . The latter
hastened to inform his visiler of the illustrious jiernon.
age who resided in his house. " But," said the traveller,
" are you quite sure it is so ?" — " Nothing more certain,"
replied the count. " I liave seen it, I have touched it,
and BO has almost every liody in the bouse." " Hut what
have you seen ? Is it documents, parchments, or ccr.
tifieates 7" — " Not nt all," said the count, " it is some
tiling infinitely surer than all that — nothing less than
the mark of the fleur-de-lis printed on his shoulder !"
Tlie a.Uonishment of the traveller may lie easily gnoaicd
on learning this evidence of the tutor's protensiona to
royalty ; but when it was explained to the count that it
was the brand of a criminal, his indignation knew no
hounds. 'I'lii^ royal preceptor did not long remain under
the count's roof aller the discovery of his impudent im-
posture.
I'hc' relation of this occuricncc recalls to my memory
another, which, though of a less important character, is
rather more amusing. A maid servant from I'rpvence
hail, somehow or other, foimd her way to Moscow, where
she gave herself out as a lady of education who wanted
a situation as governess. She contrived, in fact, to im-
|K)se on the credulity of n lady of respectability, who
ngaged her chiefly for the purpose of teaching Italian
to her duughle.'. Thc! governess knew not a word of
ibis language ; but as her own native tongue, the Pro-
vencal, bears some resemblance to Italian in regard to
pronunciation, she taught that language to her pupil,
who, in fact, uller three yenr.s' study, iK'cnme as com-
plole a mistress of it as (he ca])aeily of her governess
was able to make licr. The im|K)sture, however, could
not always remain concealed; but it was n long time
helbre the young lady could be persuaded that slie had
been losing her time in learning a useless /;ofoi».
CHAPTER XXVI.
'iMi.eof Prilli'f A\i l.i;iTie":* iii.-i\miis— rriiicp Cz — . — t'lahlis pre-
fi-rr.'d 1 1 the cMti;:ri's» — Cdfiuus ft'lu given lo Lord S— —His
InriUliip ^ splt'iiilKl ili[Oier in return — Uiscu&'siun (in Liiiiiloii and
I*iiris — i-nril 8 — "s fiiMid iittmnns.
To describe accurately the manners, laws, and nn-
tional character of any country, it is necessary not only
to have lived long in it, but also to have l)cen acquainted
with a vast nunil)er of individuals of diflerent classes and
opinions, otherwise we should be unavoidably led into
error, according to thc various situations, prejudices, or
passions, which may give a colouring to the information
we collect, liut to know the spirit, tlie habits and cus-
toms of the brilliant society of a capital, the intrigues,
the talents, and the adventures of the distinguished |)er-
sonages it contains, it is sufticient to have lived as I did
at Vienna, on a footing of intimacy with an impartial
and intellig(mt observer like the Prince de Ligne, and to
have noted down every shrewd remark that escaped him.
" Is it true," said I, one morning when I called on the
prince, " that you arc the author of a song on the sub.
jectof thc congress, the chorus of which is reiwated even
in the saloons of the empresses ?" — " I am aware," re-
plied he, " that it is attributed to nie; but even if I could
tbrget the way in which the Countess de Boufllers re-
warded thc vanity of Count de Tressan,'* yet as I have
only lines of words to op|K>sc to thc lines of bayonets
which thc occupants of thrones have at their dis|)osal, 1
should not think thc conflict equal. However, like other
|)eople, I have heard the song sung, and I have sung it
myself. I have even copied it out, and if you wish to
have it, here it is written with my own hand," " It would
appear," observed I, after I had perused the manuscript,
" that the poet is u scholar, if I may judge from the
motto he has chosen for his stanzas. Yet I doubt, prince,
whether Rudolph of Hapshurg, the founder of your
monarchy, would take a gold chain from his neck, and
present it to theauthor of these lines, as thc old chronicles
say he did to reward a minstrel of his own time." " Af.
ter all," resumed the Prince de Ligne, " thc song you
so nmch admire is but un inconsequential jeu d'espril.
When good intentions prompt n man to write what may
entail dangerous results upon himself, it is not so much
an crt'ort of talent, as on instance of laudable zenl lor the
public cause or justice in generol." "True, prince, and
we do not often find men possessed of that sort of courage,"
" More often, perhaps, than you imagine. As long as
there arc obuses there will be people to complain of
them ; and if kings will not hear the ploin truth, it must
be conveyed to them through the medium of sotire or
ridicule. Hut ns to you, you iiove fortunately not reached
the age when people love to complain. Enjoy your
youth while it lasts, and adopt as a maxim, carelessness
till twenty-five, goiety till forty, and philosophy to thc
end of lifo." " The maxim is short," observed 1, " and
easily put into practice." " Vcs, easy like every thinv
that is easily analysed. Life may he divided into thrre
parts : the post is history, thc present poetry, and the
iulnre romonce. Moy tJie first, which is truth, ferveln
enliven you by its recollections, if they be agreeable, or
to correct and instruct you ! Moy a somewhat ardent
inaginntion diffuse charm over tne second partofyout
life I and may all that is brilliant and happy cheer your
latter days !" We were interrupted in Uiis conveni-
tion, to nie so interesting, by the entrance of Princt
Cz . His highness immediately introduced pnliiicj^
and though I must confess he possessed tlie secret of
imparting to thc driest subjects tlint captivating eloquence
which seems to be a natural gift among his eountrymrn,
yet I was heartily tired of |iolitical discussions, and coulil
not endure to hear them mniittoined by men who on anr
other subject would have been equally profound and iii.
strnetive,and moreenlertaining. Theconversotion turned
on the demands made u|)on the congress, and truly llifv
would have formed altogether on amusing calalogiii
riiitonnc. Rogusa, Genoa, Venice, and the other re.
publics claimed their independence ; tlie Grond duke of
Baden n portion of territory; Saxony her poescssiow
which hod been given to Prussia ; Sicily the throne of
Naples ; the Hans Towns the restoration of tlieir privi.
leges ; thc town of Wctzlor its i-hamhre ardevte and (^r.
manic tribunal; thc queen of Etruria Tuscany; the pope
his legation of Fcrrara : Spain the dutchy of Parinj ;
and in short there was not a descendant of the family of
the Uuon^ ComjMi^ni who did not claim the Isle of Elbj,
and wos angry at seeing it unlawfully bestowed upon
No|)oleon.
I perceived that the discussion was likely to be pro.
tractod to a considerable length, and as the surprise in-
tended by the Countess Z for Lord S was fiied
lor that evening, I took leave of the Prince do Ligne,
and proceeded to the Jogor-Zeil. There I found the
countess and some of her friends, among whom ntrt
Isubey and Moreou, engaged in preparing for the fete.
The invitation cards requested the company to assem-
ble at eight o'clock precisely, and all were punctual.
I'ho company were in fancy dresses, and those wom
by the ladies were exceedingly rich and elegant.
At half past seven M. Moreou, wrapped in a latgi
domino, stepped into the countess's carriage, and drove
10 the Plater, near the Lust-haus, where Lord 8 —
was to wait fur his conductor. Curiosity, vanity, ot
some other powerful motive induced his lordship lo be
punctual, and according to his promise he came alone.
Lord S permitted a bandage to be lied over lili
eyes, and accompanied by M. Moreau, who obsurieil
prolbuiid silence, ho stepped into thc carriage. At hiif
pusl eight o'clock it entered the court-yard of the liolel
M. Moreau removed the handkerchief from the oyesot'
Lord S , and then commenced a aeries of surprim
which I am sure must have left in his lordship's mini |
an impression of gratitude and admiraiion. The reii.
denco of the Countess Z presented an cxquiiite |
combination of splendour and taste. The costly funr
turo, a great portion of which consisted of porph;t; I
atid lapis.lazuli, the pictures, &.c. gave to the whole the I
eft'cct of an enchanted palace ; and to the charina of I
art were on this occasion added the beauties of nature, f
Thc staircases and drawing-rooms were adorned wilk
fragrant shrubs and flowers. A grove of orange treei
and vines, thickly hung with fruit, extended from Ihi I
entrance hall to the drawing-room. The Countess Z — [
received Lord S in the same gypiicy'a costume ial
which he had repeatedly met her at the ridotto,ondih|
introduced him to the assembled company. By a nf^f |
ment of courtesy, the orchestra performed an Engliik I
air on his entrance. When he had taken his scat, Jg- 1
liotto, the countess's interesting adopted daughter, ud |
Mademoiselle Lombard, the actresi whom I have mU'l
tioiicd in a preceding chapter, recited some lineeiil
French and English, highly complimentary to Lord I
S , I'heso recitations wore succeeded by the notiooii |
* A snnn vvat made uimn the Marccliale de Liixrmhiiurg, when
Couniera dc lliiiilHurs, wliich ciiiiinienccd with tlui rullowliiii
lints ;—
■■ Uunnd Bniifflers ptinit it Is cour.
Oil criil voir In mere d'Anmtir, '*"
Chiieiin H'eni|)n-8sn d(> liii pliitre,
Gl Chilean ravult il win lour."
Sii»p<'cllni roiinlde Treswin lobe Hie siilliiir of ihesonir, iha lald
lo him one day—" fount, have yiiu ncim this IIUIk production I II
in Ki \ ery clever thai If I knew the Bullmr I would nnl only pnrdnn
him but iiiilirnce hini." The count, cauilit In the inure, sslil ;—
" I sm the author, niadnni ;"— upon whlcn Ihi lady hoxed hli ears.
dances of the countries through wliich his lordship bii I
travelled ; and one amusement succeeded another until
Bupfier was announced. It had been determined tbil I
the incognito should be kept up during supper; but it I
his lordship's earnest entreaties, the countess waa ^\
vailed on to give the signal for the company to unii)iik.|
[^rd S— - now found that most of the iiidividiilil
present were his intimate acquaintance, and he nl
diinbt congratulated himself on this last agreeable wl
prise. The aupjior was magnificent, and partook ^t
the gaiety which had enlivened the previous parlnfllil
evening. On taking leave of the counteaa, Lord S— I
invited the whole of the company collectively to tlinl
party of the p
Princes Kaziinic
jryle, Lord Call
oihers. The di
I ho liesl tasle.
(lisliiigui.shed by
wlidle lielrayed
etitcrlaininent o
innss. During I
but when the se
being somewhat
free course, and
that suproinacy
OS others love to
most tiiirosorvcd
routilry. He sal
and as the quiel
anyatlempt lo re
Frtince would iloiil
lie throw down I
ttikon up; for sinci
coinnion civility I
f;uests, it would
,illow such a WE
Isabey, who, in a
ventured to roturn
up the defence of
"It is oureusloi
orgutnents by faci
than mere assertio
t;eiiiu3, nor dintril
J It) convince us thai
I ainno possesses tli
I I'ashion. I though
siiiio opinion, that
I to bo disputed ; hut
I iiiacy, nut only to
J industry. Of this
I be adduced. For t
I equalling our Gob
I spile of all your e
I cqii.illod onr Sovree
J crystal rival our roi
I ever attained the pe
I of mezzotinto, sty
I tirtisi/ hove oppcale
I Do your Inoking.gl;
jouri:' Doyourcloi
Jguelf In short, a tl
llo prove — " — "To
|S , "except ind
lltorscs, carriages, ni
litiorals, wo are your
■of your fine arts 0011
Iduicing and cookin
■centuries has sufficic
linto details, is Pat is
j«ould not pi 0811 tne ;
TJIejun, " to which ol
jiue. However, if I
lliouldsay I hat if L(
fcf objecis worthy of
icknowledgod that
I'I'rfi, and of pluaaii
T|' Kn)iland, to adni
Poino. the majesty of
tiir cdihces, the attir
|lM,«iid (he nninmtii
kraoc In nvery thing,
plily of that happ
►novtn in dull dreams
y>n the conlrasia wli
1 foreigner at the fi
•'I'y of those parts of
rde, clean, and unifo
»^"" places ; the inert
J°i" who hurry throi
■ravity expressed in
puminolions nt VbuxI
T"!"! ill Iho gardens,
AT THE CONCJKKSS OF VIENNA.
203
; every thin;;
cd into lhrr«
dry, bikI the
rutii, Fervc to
Bfrreeable, or
eivhet nrdtnt
d part of yout
py cheer your
this converM-
lec of Prince
duccd pnlilict,
Uic necrel of
ting cloquTOM
is countrymen,
ions, and could
en wlio on any
ofound and iu.
crsation turned
and truly tky
ising caliittgtt
I tlio other te-
Grand duke of
her possessions
ly the throne of
1 of their privi.
irdenit and (rtr-
iscany ! the pope
chy of Pariiia;
of the family of
the Isle of Ella,
bestowed upoo
likely to be pro.
I iho surprise in-
S was fised
^rince do Ligne,
icre 1 found the
(long whom vtn
ring for the fete.
mpany to assem'
1 were punctuiL
, and those won
id elegant,
appod in a laigi
irriage, and drove
here Lord S —
fiosily, vanity, ot
lis lordship to be
je he came alone.
be lied over bii
lu, who observed
ciirriage. At halt
yard of the hotel
from the oycsoi'
jeries of surprisei
8 lordship's mind
■aiioii. The reii.
itod an exquiiiU
The costly funii-
istod of porphyry
B to the whole the
to the charm* of
eautics of nature.
rere adorned «ilk
e of orange treei
xtended from the
le Countess Z — -
piioy's costume ii
le ridotlo, and the
i«ny. By « ref-^e-
jrined an Engluk
akon his scat. Ja-
iled daughter, at
rhom I h«'e ■"••
ted Bomo linei ii
inenUry to UoH
ded bv the natioul
R) his" lordship bii
ided another until
determined tW
ig auppcr; btitH
(countess wai p»
linpany to unini*
)f the iudividuit
itancci and he •
Uat agroeabls »
t, and partook *
)r«vious part if"
anleis. Lord 8—
EoUeotively to i»'
vith I'll" "" t''" li>"owing day, which those who li.iil
Iiot liiriiicd previous cngagoiiicnis promised to do.
'f ,.'criniimtcd this delightful evcniiifT, which passed
-Ij .,;. nil .i unnoticed amidst the hrilliniil lestiviticH ot
jl,j''conj-rc8si but wliieli wns novorthelrss one of the
most pleasing fetes of which any individual then in
Vienna could boast of being the object.
Tho dinner given by Tiord S next d.-iy was cer-
lainlva f^iir jtpeciinen of British magiilHccnccnnd viini-
tv- Bonides tho individuals who had atlendeil llie
l-arty of ''"' I'fccpding evening, there wore present
rniices Uazumowski and Koslowski, the Duke of Ar-
fvle. Lord Calhcart, tho Oukc d'Arenibiirg, and some
others. The dinner was served with profusion, but in
(he liesl taste. Tho places iillolled for tho ladies were
distinguished by bouquets of choice flowers; and the
wiiiilo betrayed' a desiie to present in detail what the
entertainment of tho preceding had presented in a
nisss. During tho first course all went oft' admirably ;
but when the second course was served, tho appetite
being somewhat satisfied, the conversation took a more
iVec course, and our noblo host, anxious to maintain
that snpreiimcy which sometimes the Knglish as well
as others love to arrogate to themselves, spoke in the
most unreserved terms of the pre-eminence of his own
couiilrv. Ho satirised the Gornmns without mercy :
and as the quiet politeness of the Vioniioso checked
any attempt to refute his arguments, ho concluded that
France would doubtless be more vulnerable. Accordingly
he threw ilowii tho gauiillel, which was inimedialcly
taken up; for since his lordship transgressed the laws of
common civility by o[)cnly attacking tho country of his
irucsts, it would certainly have been a weakness to
allow such a want of urbanity to pass unnoticed
Isabey, who, in an arbitrary court, had already often
ventured to return sinnrt replies to unjust attacks, took
up the defence of Franco in the following way : —
" It is our custom, my lord," said ho, " to support our
argmnents by facts, which are always tnorc convincing
than mere assertions. Wo do not mistake emphasis I'ur
genius, nor diatribes for reasoning. You would wish
to convince us that the most serious nation in tho world
alone possesses the merit of inventing every elegant
I'ashion. I thought, and I believe all Europe is of the
same opinion, that our supremacy in this respect is not
to bo disputed ; but I aui inclined to extend that supro-
inacy, nut only to the fine arts, but to all the arts of
industry. Of this |>ositivo and indisputable proofs may
be adduced. For example, have you ever succeeded in
equalling our Gobelins tapestry, or French lace I hi
spite of all yonr efforts, has your Wedgowood's ware
equ.illod onr Sevres' porcelain 7 Can your coni^itlon
crystal rival our rock crystal? Have your cngnivings
ever attained the porlbclion of ours ? By the invention
of mezzotinto, a style devoid of vigour or firmness, your
artist; have appealed to economy rathor than to taste.
Do your looking-glass or your silk manufactured equal
ours? Do your clocks and watches rival those of Bro.
Iguetl In short, a thousand examples might bo adduced
[to prove — " — " To prove nothing," interrupted Lord
IS , "except indeed that in mechanics, literature,
lliorscs, carriages, manufactures, agriculture, laws anil
liiiorals, we are your superiors, and that tho superiority
lof your fine arts consists solely in hair-dressing, opcra-
Idaiicing and cooking, which the evidence of several
Icenturies has sulficicntly proved; — but without entering
[into details, is Palis to bo compared to Iiondon ?" — " I
|«'ould not piosume to determine," observed Count de
Mejun, *• to which of the two capitals tho preference is
However, if I wore to attempt a comparison, I
lliould say that if London contains tho greater number
of objects worthy of interest and curiosity, it must he
ickiiowledgod that the lovers of the arts, tho lielln
Mini, and of pleasure, must gladly turn from tho fogs
|>r tlngland, to admire, on the smiling banks of tlio
eine, the inijesty of our monuments, the elegance of
bur edihces, the attic wit of our brillinnt literary cir-
tics, and the animation and taste which impart lile and
pace to every thing. Finally, in Paris one enjoys the
ility of that happiness, which in Lnndoii is only
jinown in dull dreams. Nothing can bo more singular
hin the contrasts which the English capital presents
1 1 foreigner at the first glance. The monotonous regu-
■rity of those parts of London, in which the streets are
•idc, dean, and uniform, and the filth ind closeness of
<her places ; the incredible activity of a crowd of per-
Dns who hurry through the stroels, and tho gloomy
tiaviiy expressed in every countenance ; the brilliant
lluminalions at Vauxholli and the silence of tho prnine-
■lien in Iho gardens, who soem to have collected to-
ether for any p»r|ir)se rather than amusement; the
per|Mtnal movement of tlio iiiimenso populaliim on
wec^k-ilays, and the tranquillity which succeeds llint agi-
tation oil tSundays; tho tumult of the eleetiuns, tlie
I'requeiicy of disliirbancis, and the facility with which
order is restored in the iiiinic of the law; tho universal
feeling of civil equality and the maintenance of the
most singular feudal customs; the admiration and
lioiioiir rendered to talent and merit, and the almost ex-
clusive respect entertained f()r wealth ; finally, the insa-
tiable thirst for amusement, and tho almost incurable
distaste lor all tho pleasures of lilb : — this is totally the
reverse of our habits, manners, and tastes, and renders
your nation, my lord, a sort of foreign family niiiong
llic other gieal families of Europe."
A conversalion of this nature was not calculated to
inspire gaiety and cnulideiice among the company
Certainly our Amphitryon richly deserved that all these
parallels should bo siiniined up by a comparison be-
tween his manners and those of the other ibrsian am-
bassadors at Vienna. Some pait of his lordship's con-
duct had astonished and shocked the grave Germans.
However, respect for the presence of tho Countess
7i cau"d the friends of that lady to forbear express.
Ing in a dei uled Way their opinion of that which, in any
other place, might iiave been excused on tho score of
national prejudice; but which, at his lordship's own
table, was very far from what might have been ox|>ceted
from the representative of one of the most [lolitc, aft'able
and elegant princes in Europe.
Wlieu the company retired to the drawing-room there
was first a little iniisie, and then an attempt to dance;
but nothing could subdue the diilncss which his lord-
ship's want of good breeding had diffused among his
guests. On our departure, at midnight, we could not but
add a new paragraph to the chapter of oddities, which,
during his residence at Vienna, characterised a m.in
who, by his own |x>rsonal merit and his rank, might have
liocn more honourably distinguished than by waging a
war of mauvaia Ion.
CHAPTER XXVII.
Last moments of the Piicicc tW Iii2n<— His dentil— Ceremonies ob-
served ..t Ilia I'uni rat.
Vie labour for glory and for the good opinion of pos-
terity, which even to the atheist is a coni|icnsation for
the immortality of the soul. But at\cr all, is it not a
melancholy error to attach so much importance to that
(losterity, which in all proliability may know nothing ol
the present generation, especially if we admit the cer-
tainty of the physical revolutions of the <rlobc ? Shall
we be thought of when ships are sailing over our proud
cities and I'ertilc plains ! What, alas ! ,is the voice of
fame, for which man makes so many sacrifices, and
which perhaps will to-morrow be drowned by the tolling
of the bell which announces he is no more ?
I hurried this morning to the Prince de Ligne, who, 1
was informed, was dangerously indisposed. On enter-
iiig, I found with him Dr. Malfati, his physician, and
Count (iolowkiii, who gained notoriety by the failure of
his embassy to China. The Doctor blamed the prince
for having imprudently left tho court ball without his
cloak, by which he hud caught a violent cold, which ter-
minated in erysipelas. The count, on the other hand,
who had no iiinre fiiith than Molierc in physic and phy
siciaiis, sought to console the prince, who seemed some-
what uneasy at the tone and language of the doctor.
" I have always," suid the prince, " belonged to tho
incredulous tcct, with nil due deference to the faculty;
and 1 remember very well that when the Empress Cathe-
rine seriously urged ine to submit to medical treatment,
1 rejilicd, ' I have, madam, a |ieculiar mode of treating
myself: — when I am ill I send for my two friends ; 1
physic Segur and bleed Cobcntzcl, and I uiii inmiediutely
well again !' " — " But times arc changed since then,
prince," observed the doctor, rather piqued ; " for, if I
remember right, it is some thirty years ago since you
joked ill that way on your journey in tlio Crimea ; but
wo are now in Vienna, and you arc thirty years older."
— " 1 have no doubt," resumed the prince, " that now,
since every sort of entertainment has heci presented to
our illustrious visiters, no one will be sorry to relieve the
monotony of pleasure by tho funeral of a ficld-iiiarslial.
But, gentleuien, I really am not courtier enough to wish
to lie the |)riucipal jierformer in such ,i scene, though
death is not to be feared by cver^ body, as I have en-
deavoured to prove in fourteen articles which I wrote last
night iM'tween a shivering fit and a fit of fever. You
shall hear them, doctor; tliey will perhaps servo you us
n text, when preaching resignation to (latients whom
vnil have coiuleniiied in prilu. Death need not be
feared —
" Isl, By men of pure conscience, who arc sure of
tluir reward in the world to come.
" ad, Bytliosi! who are tormented by evil conseiences,
wllb do not lielieve in a future state, and who being mise-
rable in this life, are i»it sorry to exchange it for the an-
nihilation which their infidelity persuades them is tho
tiitc for which they are reserved.
".Id, By )ieople of feeling minds, who, having sufl"ered
nil irreparable loss, hope, by a pardonable illusion, to re-
join the. object of their nfleetions.
"Ith, By the miserable; for they do not lose a life of
which they have never known the value, and which is a
mere burthen to tlieni.
.5tli, " By the happy; for if they do not die while their
happiness lasts, they may live to see it forsake them.
"Htli, By the truly unhappy in health and fortune.
" 7tli, By the unfortunate dupes of courts and of love,
who 'ire the martyrs of their taste tiir favour and favours.
Htli, By the wise, who are weary of the folly of the
world.
' ilth. By tlie virtuous, who arc weary of its wicked-
ness.
"10th, By people of taste, who are weary of those who
have none.
" Ilth, By men who have seen the world, and who suf-
fer the mortification of finding thot those who have
neither seen nor read any thing arc believed in prefer-
ence to thcin.
"13tli, By the honest and the upright, who cannot en-
dure the injii.slicc, the falsehood, the intrigue, tlic selfish-
ness, the malice, and the mediocrity of those by whom
they are surrounded.
" 13th, By those who have deceived, who have been
deceived, or who have deceived themselves.
" 14th, Hy those who arc sated with pleasure, who have
ex|iericiiced ingratitude, and who unfortunately know
mankind too well to esteem them."
After having heard this little moral lecture the doctor
took his leave, and C'ount Golowkin endenvoure<l to divert
the prince from the gloomy thoughts to which he gave
way iu spite of his philosophy. The count spoke of his
embassy to China, which introduced a variety of anec-
dotes, and served to revive the spirits of the prince.
However, his two days' illness had produced a inclan-
choly change in his appearance.
His daughter, the Countess Pulflfy, entered, bringing
the medicine which Malfati had prcscrilwd, and wc lell
him, promising to return in the evening. When the
count and I reached the rampart we could not forbear
expressing the anxiety we mutually felt on account of
the [triiice. (^ount Uolowkin, who had known him long,
and who, like all who knew him, loved him with en-
thusiasm, said to me as we walked along, " What an ir-
reparable loss to the family and friends of that great man
would be the termination of a life, of which each glorious
action would in itself sufHcc to confer immortality !
Where shall we find such another model of ancient clii-
valry and courtly 6on ton ' Where shall wc find a man
who in so eminent a degree possesses the art of render-
ing himself beloved and admired by amiability of temper,
originol talent, and lively imagination? During forty
years of military service he was distinguished by tho
most chivalrous courage ; and he is alike remarkable for
the extent of his information, military, historical, and
literary. lie is kind to his equals, affable to his inferiors,
and fuiniliar even with sovereigns. He is adored by his
children, of whom he is the companion and playli Mow :
and the frivolity for which he is sometimes reproached
is so varied, so piquant, and agreeable, that it is impos-
sible to rclVain from loving even his faults."
Just as the count had concluded this brief but accurate
portrait, we perceived the Emperor of Austria coming to-
wards us. He was alone, not having even a single at-
tendant with him, for, as Voltaire says —
Coinmc II etaii sans crainle, f1 ninrciiait s.iiis defenM).
As his majesty approached us lio recognised Count
Goloivkin, and accosted him. Supjiosing that he might
probably have something to communicato to the count
in private, I withdrew, and called on Mr. Grifliths, to
whom I communicated the apprehensions I felt on ac-
count of tho illness of our incomparable friend.
At eight in the evening I made another visit to tho
prince, accompanied by Mr. Grifliths, who had made tlio
healing art the study of his life, and now oft'ered his ser-
vices to assist in preserving the friend whom he dearly
loved.
Wo found the prince exceeding weak, and the pro-
sentiment of his dissolution rendered him thoughtful and
'ts»'M'"v'"'^.''(-i'l
i', >
>;i
m
-i
^■m
204
JOlrUNAI. OF A NUHLEMAN.
*■■*■ "'
i^H
pi
ji''''^/^
Pl
iiK^Iniicliiily. " Niitiiri li;is ciriliiiiuil," said lie, " lliat \\r
Hliiill iill ill our liirii.s uUaiiilon the s|>:i< r ur iH'i'ii|iy in tlic
world (o iiiiikr riioiii for others. Wo iiiusl siihinit to our
fiitc. Yet," ailclcil he, with diT|> (Jiiiotioii, " it is a |iain-
fiil fltrii););''' t" I""''- 'ion' lliow" wc love — that is thi> sr-
vcri'st pan);-" At thcao words ii tear, wliich I hail»ni>l
iwwer to repress, drop|K'd I'roiii luy eye. "('ome, conic,"
said he, "tear notliiii^. IKath will iiiiss hi.s aim this
time ; ami lo-niorrow you will find tlial all tliis illness will
liavo vanished like a dream." — " In that case, prinre,"
re|ilied 1, " this iiightinare will form one piiye more in
yonr iiieiiiorandnni hook." — "Alas! how inelanclioly it
is tn look back on the past! If it has bteii untiirtniiate, it
is distrcssini; to think of it. If happy, it is puinfnl In
s.iy — 1/ fills iiff.n. If we think of onr days of ulnry and
jileiisiire, onr youthful occupations, and even the sports
of onr childhood, all are calculated to excite reijret."
Here he paused for a few iiioinents, as if cnllccling his
ideas, and then he adiled, " Yet, weri' I to iH'jiin my life
over again, 1 would do almost evi'ry lliini; 1 have ilone,
except iiuhi'd that 1 would not nHbrd the saine opjior-
lunities for inj;ratitiide ; and that I would take a little
more pains to avoid the want of money, that I niijjlit
have it ill my power to aid tliosi' who do want it."
The )irincu's illness continued to make rapid and
nlaniiiiij; pro(jress, ami all almnt him were plunged into
despair. 1 remained with him during a great part of the
•lay, and I returned in the evening. His aHIicli ' I'amily
were assomhled at hi.-) bed Bide,aiul the most distinguished
IMTsonages then in Vii'iina were inomciitarily sending to
ciir|uirc how he was. When Malfati arrived, aliout eleven
o'clock, the prince saiil, " Nothing ails me, doctor, ex-
cept ilie dilliculty of dying. 1 did not know it was an
alfair of so niiieli cori'inony. Truly, the uncertainly and
the briefness of existence arc not worth this." Ho after-
wards iK'gan to converse in a very cheerfnl tone of the
legacies he had brqueallied. " Aly fortune is not dilVicull
to divide," said he ; " hut I wish to do it fairly. As to
you, my hoy," said he, aildri ssing me, " your lainily has
already received the liest share of your portion. Con-
formaiily with an ohi custom," continucil he, " I nnist
leave a legacy to my company of Trabans, and 1 have
made that legacy my posthumous works, wliich are well
worth a hundred thousand florins." In vain wc endea-
voured to divert him from this nulaiiclioly train of ideas:
lie constantly turned llu' conversation on the Rubject of
death. " I admire," saiil he, " the manner in which IV-
ironius departed from the world. Wishing that his death
should 1)0 as voluptuous as his life, he commanded sol\
music to lie played and tine [loctry recited to him in his
last momenLs. Hut lor my part I will do belter. Sur-
rounded by all whom 1 love, I will expire in the arms of
friendshij)." Some moments afterwards he said ta us —
" Do not be so cast down. Perhaps wc shall not jmrt yet
nwliilc. One illness sometimes saves us from a worse ;
lor there is a connecting link between all that has hap-
l>encd and all tliat is to liap|icn, and uncertainly is sonie-
times a blessing."
He was suddenly seized with a fainting fit, which
grcilly alarmed us. When he was somewhat restored
he said — " Ah ! I feel that I have not strength to live ;
but I have yet strength to love you." At these words all
his children threw themselves on the bed, and ki.ssed his
hands, which they watered with their tears. " What
means this," said he, " my children ?" withdrawing his
hands, " I am not yet a saint !"
A imtion which the iloctor prcscrilicd had tlio effect of
coin|)osiiig him for a ihw hours; but about llircc in the
iiinrning liis imagination seemed to be suddenly excited.
He fancied he beheld Death enter his elianiber, onil rais-
ing liimself up in his lied, he ahsinned the atlilnile of o
man who was about to struggU' with an adversary. In a
tone of inconceivable agitation he exclaimed — " ("lose the
door ! See, ho is ooming in ! Turn liiin nut !" He
then seemed to be struggling with all his strength, utter-
ing incoherent sentences, and calling us all to his aid.
This last etl'ort completely exhausted him, and lie after-
wards eonlinuod insensible. This was on the Hth of De-
cember, lull.*
» « » »
The Prince do Ligne is no more ! How melancholy
it is to write these words ! One of the brightest intellec-
tual luminaries of lliu age has disappeared. How justly
may be applied to him the words that he employed in al-
lusion to the death of another great man — " II n'esl plus!
• III iMu loKl mnnionla ofexlBlcnco, it wniilil appear tliiit an hiin
pliiarv |ihiiiiii>iii MmM'tiiiicx prosiiiis i'scU'tn ilii' ►i'jlil. I.iirli-ii llo
impnfic, III ills Miiiiiiitn.RtiiirMlml in liii'ilcllrliiiii whirh I'rwwl"
1. 1., >'..■!..•.'.. i». I ■.. _ I... ii-ria c>.>i<ii 111 slninnlii iuilV(>priilll
II* i*i(-|iii*ir^)l*ltllir|irii» III 111" ininit""" ..■■"■• I- -.■-■■■ "
last inoini Dtp, Im' whs evm lo PinipRlc iMiwrrtuHy
iinpnrii'
annliis' Ilinlli. wiiioli n|i)M'niiil lii lie vifllili' lo liliii. aa'l lliat h»
I'liMcil u|Kiii hir w>ii Niiyoli'iiu III ciiini> niiil ilil'iiul liliii wlUi III'
lircnl fiwiiiil.
II ii'est [iliis! Ce piinei' i|ui faisait hoiiiieur a riioninie,
I'hoiiiine ipii faisait le plus iriionneiir an priiiee."
The rrince do I.igiie was for sixty years a model and
an cxamjile to his eonleniporuries. Dignities rellcctcd
less lustre on him than he retiected on lliem, and iie died
lui object of veneration to all friends of glory, virtue, and
talent, and an object of regret and of just pri<le to his
llimily and bis country. When celebrated men cease
to exist, it is allowable anil useful to judge their charac-
ters; but my praise might Ih^ subject to suspicion, for 1
returned biiii in enthusiasm what be granted me in friend-
ship. Hut he now lulongs to history, and history I am
sure will judge him as 1 do.
X < * • »
Yesterday the last honours were rendered to the Prince
dc Ligne. The funeral procession left his house at niioii,
to convey the liody to th<^ Kaleinbrrg, which had been
his favourite retreat during life, and wliich he singled out
as his resting-place after death.
The lM«ly was eonxeyed to tlu! tomb willi Ihc honours
due to the high rank which the deceased held in tlu
army ; and the mournful ceremony was accouipanied
with a degree of |iomp which had never iM^fore Isen ob-
served at the fiinrral of a private individual in Vienna.
Ten thousand troops, infanliy and (cavalry, were oriltred
out to ((lUow the procession. The prince's company of
Trabans surrounded the funeral car, and the oftiirers
wroe llie insignia of moiirning. A man in armour, on
horseback, wealing a crape scarf eri hmtihuliere, followi'd
the car, hohling a drawn sword inclined towards the
eiirtli. Th(^ slrcels through wliicli the procession passed
were thronged with crowds of people. Among Hie
mourners were, besides the relatives of the deceased, Sir
Sidney Smith, Prince Kugene, (Jencrals Ouwaroll", De
Witt,' Ypsilanti, the Prince de Lorraine, the Duke de
Kichelien, and a multitude of persons of distinction.
Fugitive, like all linnian pomp, the field-inarslial's fu-
neral procession (mssed liefore the sovereigns. The King
of Prussia and the I0ni|ieror Alexander beheUl it from
that part of the ramparts which had Ihcii razed by the
French, and their cmintcnanccs sulliciently indicated the
grief lliey fell for the death of the prince.
When we accompanied the body to the vault prepared
for it in the little cha|ioI of the KalemlHTg, the sun, as if
eager to illumine the asylum of that justly celebrated
man, saluted ns with his parting ray.
After the funeral service was read, all the meniliers of
his family, his friends, and bis servants, took an ailee-
lionalo farewell of bis beloved remains.
On leaving the house where I had passed so many
happy hours, I heard liis praises in every moutli, and I
saw tears in every eye. The sincere regret which accom-
panied him to the tomb was more eloquent than the most
solemn funeral oration.
Mr. (Jrillitlis and I relumed to Vienna, carefully avoid-
ing the crowd of iK'oplc who were also hurrying back to
town. The tiecs wore leafless, but the sky was serene.
Not a brcatli of air was stirring, and a dead stillness
prevailed around us. '• How calm the evening is !" said
tiridiths. " Sec, my friend, how nature is resigned:—
surely from this llie heart of man should learn resigna-
tion."
USD OF Tine jornNAL or a noiu.imaii.
THE WOMJEIIS OF THE I.ANE.
BY THE AUTIIOtt OF "CORN-I.AW IIIIV.MKS."
Strong climber of the mountain's side,
Though thou the vale disdain.
Yet walk with mc where hawtliorns hide
The wonders of the lane,
High o'er the rushy springs of Don
The stormy gloom is rolle<l ;
The inmirland hath not yet put on
His purple, green, and gold.
Hut here the tilling* spreads his wing.
Where dewy daisies gleam ;
And here the sunflowert of the spring
Hums bright in morning's lieani.
The mountain winds, the famished fox,
1 ("omplain that Sol is slow,
O'er headlong sleeps and gushing rocks
Ills royal rolie to throw.
But here the lizard seeks the sun,
Here coils, in light, the snako ;
And here Uic fire-luftt liulh licgun
Its b(;autcous iiesl to make.
Oh ! then, while hums the earliest bee
Where verdure fires the plain,
' Thr heiljosparrnw. 1 Tlic dnndclloii. t OoMcn-rrnMol wren
Walk thou uilli me, anil sliuip tu sou
'I'he glorii'S of the lane!
For, oh ! I love Ihcpc bimks of rock.
This roof of sky and tree,
'i'hcse lulls, where sleeps the gloaming i:li.cli,
-And wakes Ihe earliest IrcI
As spirits from eternal day
Look down on eortli secure,
Iicok here, and wonder, and survi"y
A world in iniiiiatiire :
A world not scorned by Iliin who made
K'eii weakness by his niiglil;
Hut solemn in his depth of shade,
And splendid in his light.
Light ! — not alone on clouds afar,
( )'er storm-loved mountains spreail.
Or widely teaching sun and star.
Thy glorious llioiighls are read;
Oh, no! thou art a wonilrnns book
To shy, and sea, and land —
A p:ii;e on which the angels look.
Which insects inidcrstand !
And here, O light! miniilely fair,
Divinely plain and clear,
Like splinters of a crystal liair,
Thy bright small hand is here !
Yon drop-fed lake, six inches wide.
Is Huron, girt with wood ;
This driplel feeds Missouri's tide —
And tli:it, Niagara's ilond.
What tidings frnm the Ande.'! brings
Yon line of liquid light.
That down from he:iveii in madness flings
The blind loam of its iniglit?
Do I not hear the tliundcr roll —
The roar lli;il ne'er is still ?
'Tis mule as death ! — hut in my soul
It roiirs, and ever will.
What Ibrests tall of tiniest moss
Clollie every little stoni^ ! —
What pigmy oaks their foliage toss
( )'er liigmy valleys lone !
With shade o'er shade, from ledge to ledge,
Ambitious of the sky,
They feallicr o'er the steeliest edge
( >il° mountains, mushroom-high.
Oh, (!ml of marvels! who can tell
What myriad living things
On those grey stones unseen may dwell !
What nations with their kings !
I fi^el no shock, I hear no groan.
While laic, perchance, n'crwiieimn
Empires on this subverted stone —
A hundred ruined realms !
Tio ! in that dot, some mite like mc,
Imjx'lled by wo or whim.
May cravvl, some atom's cliffs lo sec —
A liny world lo him !
lio! while he pauses, and ndinires
The works of nature's might;
Spurned by my fool, his world cxpircR,
And all In him is night !
Oil, liod of terrors! what are we? —
Poor insects sparked witli thought?
Thy whisiicr. Lord, a word from tliec,
Could siiiite us into nought!
Hut should'st thou wreck our father land,
And mix it with the deep.
Safe in the hollow of lliy hand
Thy little one will sleep.
From llio Literary Sonvcnlr.
SONNET.
On Sir iVnller ScoWs (jiiiltinff Ahboliford for A'a/Jal
BV WIl.I.UM wonnswoRTii.
.\ trouble, not of clouds, or weeping rain.
Nor of the setting sun's pathetic light,
KngciKlered, hangs o'er Kildun's triple height :
Spirits of Power ass<<ml>led there complain
For kindred Power departing frnm their night ;
While Tweed, liest pleased in nlmnling a blithe Mriiii,|
Saddens his voice, ugnin, and yet again.
Lift up your hearts, ye Mourners ! for the might
Of the whole worlil's good wishes with him gixn;
Hlessings and prayers, in nobler retinuo
Than sceptred king, or laurelled conqueror know,
Follow this wondrous Potentate. Ho true,
Ye winds of ocean, and the midland sea,
Wailing your charge to soft Purtheno|ic !
We are not a
lowing little wo
i,'i'ii(Tiilly kiiiiwi
liiili rilitor in wi
preserved from i
My dear sir —
concurrence in ii
ym wore not a|
puny them. Hy
liaioiiy of alFectio
nill be obvious o
lion, in which L
may most succesi
tlicy may most h
The following I
Cliatlinin to his ni
clfiird,) then at Ci
ttTitleii for the pri
[loriod of lime, am
valioiis on the extt
occasion might ha
liiir corrcspondeiic
will undoubtedly 1
mon interest, as v
from tlie picture v
llioir niilhor. The
laory lioth of the p
I of him to whom ll
rrnilcrcd him desi
But lie fi*ls a mu
I inotiiif by such a |
li^.iniing, virtue, a
wliiHil, whose phil
virtue, it has often
('xi'cllencn of cliara
valion : that no in
I or lo lliu familiar fr
I in more amiable an
I (li'llvcrcd to us in tl
I lliminrhoiit all his
I iaimlulilc moralist
I nearly .seen: and n
^lr.lll);(•rs, can e pial
I 'il.'s ill ilic daily i
Vil. I'erirliH.
The following coi
I wlio will not liimeiil
I preserved .') exhibits
I ill Olio of llic most ii
l^iil, as in the caliinc
l"usiiti(l coniiiiindini
I 'li^ coiiiilry owed lii>
I liliinliiig with pnren
|conioiisyon(li,seeds
I into full maturity in
I'll mm: directing h
|i" llio licst iiistrume
rullivillon of his rei
■I"" lieart tliosc princi
Iciiiijpiiial to it ; anj^
|'"c whole conduct t
Inuincc of gralituile,
|»urr^,roHiidwork of <
"Imt parent, niixii
» >'>ii, Imrii lo any lib
hniitry, would not, ii
Kladly havo losorlcd I
LfiTTicRs or THE r.xnj. ov vux'i ham.
2()r.
uxiiires.
:cnlr.
Msford for AV"|
ORTII.
' rain,
I". . ,
plo liciglit :
mplnin
their niglil ;
ingablitlic»lra«|
rnin.
or the iniRlil
:ilh him gix»;
inuo
nqucror know,
' I true,
Hca,
Inopc!
LETTERS
FKOM TUB I.ATK
SSJitrl of etiattiam
TO HIS NRI'IIEW
THOMAS PITT, ESQ.
Fiom the fourth Lundon ediliun.
INTRODUCTION.
\Vi' nrc nut aware of any American edition of tlio fol-
lowiii" little work — at all events, wo are sure it U not as
[.(•mriilly known us it deserves to bo. Wi^ join the ling-
IihIi cdiUir in wishing tlicru Imd been more of tlic letters
[ircserved from oblivion.
TO THB RIGHT HON. WILLIAM PITT.
Dropmore, Dec. 3, 1803.
My dear sir — When you expressed to mo your entire
concurrence in my wisli to print the foUowinif letters,
ydii were not appris(!d tlint this address would aceoin-
n;my Ihcin. lly you it will, I trust, Iks rcccivrd as a tes-
liriioiiy of aifectionate friendship. To others the propriety
will be ohvious of inseribing with your name a publiea-
lioii, in which Lord Chatham teaches, how great talents
may most successfully bo cultiv.ited, and to what objects
they may most honourably be directed.
Gremvill.
The English Editor's Preface.
Tlic following letters wore addressed by the late Lord
("liatham to his nephew Mr. Pitt, (atlorwards Lord Cam-
flfurd,) then at Cambridge. Tliey arc few in number,
written for tlie private use of an individual during a short
lieriod of time, and containing only such detached obser-
ratioiis on the extensive Bubjects to which they relate, as
(ic&ision might hapi>en to suggest, in the course of fami-
liar correspondence. Yet even these iin|>erlcet remains
will muloubtcdly tie received by tlic public with no com-
iiion interest, as well froin their own intrinsic value, as
from tlic picture which they display of the character of
tlioir author. The editor's wisli to do honour to the me.
mnry both of the [lerson by whom they were written, and
of him to whom they wore oddresscd, would aloiio have
rrnclcrcd him desirous of making these |iapers public.
Hut he fwls a niueli higher motive, in the hope of pro-
miilio-r by such a pulilication the inseparable interests of
loiniiiig, virtue, and religion. Hy the writers of that
Ki'liiKil, whose philosophy consists in the degradation ot'
virliii', it has often been triumphantly declared, that no
rxi'clleiice of cliaraeter can stand the test of close obsc^r-
valicin : that no man is a hero to his domestic servants,
i or lo lii.1 familiar friends. How much more just, as well
as more amiable and dignified, is the ojipositc sentiment,
(Iclirured to us in the words of Plutareli, and illustrated
llirniufhont all his writings! " Real virtue," says that
iniiiiitililc moralist, " i^ most loved, where it is most
nearly seen: and no ritspcct which it commands from
^l^ln)rl'r!<, can epial tlic never ceasing admirati(m it ex-
I cites ill the daily intercourse of domestic life." — I'litt.
Vil. I'trirliH.
The following correspondence, impcril'ct as it is, (and
I who will not lament that nnny more such letters arc not
I preicned .') exliihits a great orator, statesman, and patriot,
I in one nf the most interesting relations of private society.
I Not, as ill tlie cabinet or the senate, enforcing by a vigor-
aad eiiniiniiiding clo'pience, those eomicils to which
I hii cwiiilry owed her pre-eiiiiiiency! and glory; but iin-
|planliiii; with parentiil kindness into the iiiinil of an in-
SciiiiMisyoiitli, seeds of wisdom and virtue, which ri|M'iied
liiitofull maturity in the character of a most accomplish-
leilinan: directing liiin to the ner|nisition of knowledge,
In'tlio hest instrument of action; teaching him hy the
IcuhivalioM of his reason, to strengthen and estahlisli in
Ilii« heart lliose principles of moral rectitude which were
Icongeiiial to it; and, above all, exhorting him to regulate
Itlic whole conduct of his life by the predominant in-
IHuciicc of gratitude, and obedience to (lod, as the only
Imre i;rouiidvvork of every human duty.
What parent, anxious for the eliaraetiT and success of
|« son, Imrn to any liberal station In this great and free
^oniilry, would not, in all that related lo liis edueatioii,
gladly luvc losoilcU tu the aUuvu uf such a iiiun .' What
yonthfnl spirit aiiiiiiated tiy any desire of future exeel-
ience, and looKing IJir the gratilication of that desire, in
tli(^ pursuits oflioiionralile ainbitifui, or in the cimseionH-
iiess of nn npriirlit, active, and nseliil life, would not eiii-
hracM! with transport any opiinrtiniity of listening on such
a. subject to tlie lessons of Lord Cliatliam? They an-
here I'leliire him. Not delivered with the aiitliorily of n
preceptor, or a parent, but tempered by the nireetioii of a
Iriend towards a disponitioii and eliaraeti r well eiitithd
to such regard.
On that disposition and character the editor forbears
to enlarge. Their liest panegyric will be Ibiind in the
following pages. Lord t^aiiu'll'ord is there described sneli
as Lord Cliathani judged him in the liist dawn of his
youtli, and such as he continued to his latest hour. Tin
s.ame suavity of manners, and steadiness of principle, the
sniiie correctncssof judgment, and inteLTity of hc>art, di>:-
lingnished him through life; and the same atleetimiate
attachment from those wlio knew him best has followed
him beyond the grave.
It will lie obvious to every reader on the slightest pe-
rusal of the following letters, that they were never in-
tended to comprise a [lerfect system of education, even
for the short jMirlion of time to wliicli they relate. Many
imints in which they will lie found deficient, were un-
doubtedly supplied by frequent opportunities of (Kirsonal
intercourse, and much was left to the general rules of
study established at an English university. Still less
therefore should the lemiiorary advice adilressed to an
individual, whose previous education had laboured under
some disadvantage, be understood as a general dissuasive
from the cultivation of (Grecian literature. The senti-
ments of r,ord CMiatham were in direct opposition to any
such opinion. The manner in which, even in these let-
ters, he Biioaks of the first of poets, luid the greatest of
orators; and the stress which he lays on the lienefits to
lie derived from tlieir immortal works, could leave no
doubt of his judgment on this important point. That
judgment was aflerwards most unequivocally manifested,
wlien he was called upon to consider the <|uestioii with a
still higher interest, not only as a friend and guardian,
but also as a fatlicr.
" I call that," says Slilton, " a complete and generous
education, wliicli fits a man to [lertbrm justly, skilfully,
and magnanimously, all the ofHces, both public and pri
vate, of |ieace and war."
Tills is the purjiose to which all knowlc<lge is subordi-
nate; the test of all intellectual and all moral excellence,
It is tlio end to which the lesHons of Lord ('hathain are
uniformly directed. May they contribute. to promote and
encourage its pursuit! Reeoinmended, as they must be,
to the heart of every nadcT, by their warintli of senti-
ment and eloquence of language ; d<Tiviiig additional
weight from the utlectionate interest liy wliicli they were
dictated; and most of all enforced liy the inllncnee of his
own great c.vunple, and by tlic authority of his venuru.
blc name.
LETTER I.
My dear child — I am extremely pleased with your
translation now it is wiitten over fair. It is very close
to thu sense of the o.-iginal, and done, in many places,
with much spirit, as well as the imnilH'rs not laini', or
rough. However an attention to Mr. I'o|K!'s nnnrocrs
will make yon avoiil some ill sounds, and hobbling of
the verse, by only Iransposiiiig a W'ord or two, in many
instances. I have, upon reading the lOcIogni' over again,
nltered the lliird, Iburlli, and filUi lines, in order to bring
thein nearer to the Latin, as well as to render sonn
lieauty which is contained in the reiK-tition of words in
tender passages. Von givi' me great pleasure, my dear
child, ill the progress yon have mode. 1 will recoinniond to
Mr. Leech to carry yi.'i (|nile tlnotigh Virgil's .Kneid,froin
lieginiiing to ending. I'ray show him this letter, with
my service, to him, and thanks liir his care of yon. For
English poetry, I reeomiiieiul IVqie's translation of Ho-
lm r, anil Diyden's Ealdes ill particular. 1 am not sure,
if they are not eaUed Tales instead of Fables. Yonr
cousin, whom I am sure you can overtake if you wi
has read Viigil's lOneid (piitn tlirongli, anil niiich of Ho-
race's Epistles, 'i'erence's (ilays I would also desire Mr
Leech to make yon ]ierf'ect master of. Your cousin has
read them all. tio on, my dear, and you will nt least
eipial him. Von are so go<Hl that I liave nothing to wish
fiiit that yiai may Im' direefeil to proper books; and 1
trust to your spirit, and <lesire lo lie praised fJir things
that deaTve pi',iise, lor the lioine you will lieieafler
make. (lod bleis you, my dear eliild.
Vuur muut uU'ectiunato uiiulc.
LETTER II.
Hath, Oct. 13, 17.il.
."My ih'ar nephew — .\s I have lieiii inoviiijr about from
place to place, your letter reaeluci me here, at liolli, hut
very lately, alter making a consideriilile eirenit lo find
me. I siionld liave otherwise, my dear eliild, returned
yon thanks fiir the very great pleasure yuii have given
nie, hiiig before now. Ttu' very goi'd aeeoinit you give
me of your studies, and that delivc ri-d in very good Latin,
for yonr time, has tilled nie with the highest e\{H'etation
of vonr fiitnre improvements ; I see the liiundafions so
well laid, that I do not make the least doubt but yon will
lieeome 11 |KTlect good scholar; and have tlu' pleasure
and applause that will attend the srvi:ral adviiiilages
hi'icafler, in tlie future course of your life, that yon ean
inly aeipiire now by your einnlatioii and noble labours
ill the pursuit of learning, and orevery iiei|iiirem( nt that
is to make you superior to other genlleiiieii. I rejoice
to hear that you have begun iloimr's Iliad; anil have
made so great a progress in Virgil. I lio|ie yon lasle and
love those authors partienlarly. Von eaiinot read them
too nineh : they are not only the two greatest poets, but
they contain the finest lessons f'or your age to imbibe:
lessons of honour, courage, disinterestedness, love of
truth, command of tem)K'r, gentleness of behaviour, hu-
manity, and, in one word, virtue in its true signilieation.
(Jo on, my dear nephew, and drink as deep as yon can
of these divine springs: the pleasure of the draught is
equal at least lo the prodigious advantages of it to the
heart and morals. I lio|io you will drink them as soiiie-
Imdy does in Virgil, of another sort of cup : Ille inipiger
liausit s|iiimanteiii pnleram. " (Quickly he drained the
foaming IkiwI."
I shall Ih: highly pleased to hear frmn you, and to
know what authors give you most pleiksnre. I desire my
service lo Mr. Leech : pray tell him I will write to him
soon about yonr studies.
1 am, witli tlie greatest alfeelioii, iiiy dear child,
Your loving uncle.
LETTER III.
Bath, Jan. 13, I7.il.
My dear nephew — Your letter from Cainbriilge atlbrils
me many very sensible pleasures : first, that yon are at
last in a pio|ier place for study and iniprovemcnt, instead
of losing any more of that most precious thing, lime, in
liondon. In the next place, that you seem pleased with tho
particular society you are placed in, anil with tlie geulle-
iiian to whose care and instructions you are cummitted:
and idiovo all I applaud the sound, right sense, and lovo
of virtue, which up|iears through your whole letter. You
arc already (losaessed of the true clue to guide you
Uiiough this dangerous and |)erplexing part of your life's
journey, the years of education; and upon which, Iho
complexion of all the rest of yonr days will inliillibly de-
liciul : I say you liavc^ the true clue to guide yon, in tho
maxim you lay down in your letter Ui nie, namely, tliat
the use of learning is, to render a man more wise and
virtuous; not merely to make iiim more learned. Muclu
tun virtute ; " (!o on, and prosper." (io mi, my dear boy,
by tliis golden rule, and you cannot fail to become eveiy
thing your generous heart prompts you to wish lo be,
and that mine most aft'cctionately wishes for you. Tlicrc
is but one danger in your way ; and that is, |H'rliaps, na-
tural enough to your age, tho love of pleasure, or the
fear of close application and laborious diligence. With
the last there is nothing you may not conquer : and the
first is sure to conquer and inslave whoever diH:s not
strenuously and generously resist tho first allnrementH
of it, lest by small indulgences, ho tiiU under the yoke
of irresistible habit Vitanda est improha siren, desidia,
" Avoid that ugly siren, idleness," I desire may be aflix-
id to the curtains of your lied, and to the walls of yonr
chambers. If yon do not ri.se early, yon never can make
any progress worth talking of; and another rule is, if
you do not set apart your hours of reiuling, and never
sutler yourself or any one clso to break ill upon them,
your days will slip through your hands, unprotitably ami
I'rivoluusly; nnpraised by all yon wish to please, and
really unciijoyable to yourself, lie assured, vvhiitcver
you take from pleasure, anuiseinents, or indolence, for
these first few years of your life, will repay you a liuii-
(Ired fold, in the plcisures, honours, and advantages of
all the remainder of yonr days. My lienrt is ho fiill of
llie most earnest desire that you should do well, that I
lind my letter has run into some length, which yon will,
I know, be ki gimd an lo excuse. There remains now
nothing to tioubh) yoii willi hut ii little plan for the tu.
yinning of yuur bludies, wliich I dcijire, in a paiticutar
i:^:
' 11
u
' V?
'\
206
1-KTTER8 OF THE EARL OF CHATHAM.
,.'.'♦-
iiliniinr, liny [•e rxncly liilliwcd in every tittle. Ynu
ure to qiiality yiiiir!«lt' tor tlio part in soeioty, to wliioli
yonr bir'li unil estate call yon. Vnu arc ti> Ik- u gentle.
man of sneli learning niid i]naUHcution!i nR may dlstin-
(fui-tli yon in tlie .serviee ot'yonr eonntry heroaller; not n
Jivilant, who reads only In he cnHed h'.irned, instead ol
conniderinjj leirninjj as an instninient only for aelion.
(Jive nie leave, theri'tiire, my dear ne|iliinv, who hive
gone before yon, to |Kiinl onl to yon the danjiers in your
ro.ad; to guard yon a<rainst sneh thinirs, as I experience
my own defeet.s to arise trom; and at the same time, if I
have had any little sneeesses in tlie world, to y^niile yon
to what 1 have drawn many helps from. 1 have not the
jileasurc of kno\iin(j the jreiilleman who is yonr tntor,
but 1 dare say lie is every way eipial to -such a eliargo,
which I think no small one."
Believe nie, with llie truest affeclion, my dear nephew,
ever yours.
I.ETrKIl IV.
Hath, Jan. 11, 175t.
My dear iiejilicw — You will hardly have read over one
very long letter from me before you arc troubled with u
second. I intended to have written soon, but I do it the
sooner on account of your letter to your aunt, which she
transmitted to inc here. If any thing, my dear boy, could
have liap|>cned, to raise yon higher in my esteeni, and to
endear you more to me, it is the amiable abhorrence yon
feel for the scene of vice and lolly, (and of real misery
and perdition, under the false notion of pleasure and spi-
rit,) which has oiK'iied to yon at your college, and ut the
same lime, the manly, '.rave, generous, and Vise resolu-
tion and true spirit, with which you resisted and repulsed
the first attempts u|H)n a mind and heart, I thank (iod,
infinitely too tirm and noble, as well as too elegant and
enlightened, to be in any danger of yielding to such con-
temptible and wretched corruptions. You charm me
with the description of .Mr. Wheler,+ and while you say
}'ou could adore him, I could adore you for the natural,
genuine love of virtue, which s|)eaks in ail you feel, say,
or do. As to your companions, lot this bo your rule.
Cultivate the aci|Uaintance with .Mr. Wilder wliieli you
have so ibrtunately begun: and, in general, be sure to
associate with men much older than yourself: scholars
whenever you can: but always with men of decent and
honourable lives. As their age and learning, superior both
to your own, must necessarily, in good sense, and in the
view of acquiring knowledge from them, entitle them to
all deference, and submission of your own lights to
theirs, you will particularly practise that tirst and great-
est rule for pleasing in conversation, as well as lor draw-
ing instruction and improvement from the company of
one's superior in age and knowledge, namely, to be a
patient, attentive, and well bred hearer, and to answer
with modesty: to deliver your own opinions sparingly
and with proper dittidencc; and if you arc forced to de-
sire fartlicr information or cx|ilanation upon a point, to
do it with proper apologies for the trouble you give : or if
obliged to dilTer, to do it with all |>ossihle candour, and
an unprejudiced desire to find and ascertain truth, with an
entire inditiercnee to the side on which that truth is to be
found. There is likewise a particular attention required
to contradict with good manners ; such as, licgging par-
don, begging leave to doubt, and such like' phrases. Py-
thagoras enjoined his scholars an absolute silence for a
long noviciate. I am far from apjiroving such a tacitur-
nity : but I highly recommend the end and intent of
Pythagoras's injunetion ; which is to dedicate the first
parts of life more to hear and learn, in order to collect
materials, out of which to form opinions founded on pro
per lights, and well examined sound principles, than to
be presuming, prompt, and flippant in hazarding one's
own slight crude notions of things ; and thereby exposing
the nakedness and emptiness of the mind, like a house
opened to company before it is fitted either with necessa-
ries, or any ornaments (m their reception and entertain-
ment. And not only will this disgrace follow from such
temerity and presumption, but a more serious danger is
sure to ensue, that i.s, the emhraeing errors for truths,
prejudices for principles; and when that id once done,
(no matter how v.iinly and weakly,) the adhering per.
haps to false and dangerous notions, only because one
has declared for tlicin, and submitting, for life, the un-
derstanding and conseicnco to a yoko of base and servile
• Tile cniirsi* nf »iiid) r coiiiiuended heina nb.^oleli', (die nii-
tlior's n|i!iiiuii!' (Ill the I'liliivniioii nl'tincian tinratiirti linvhiiz
f>iitM4'qut'nily ctiiiiic*Ml.) w" imiii Imtc, nti it ia iiior.' ptiriiculnrly IVr
Ihclr oilier excellflll qiinlili'-* tjint we vnllie these letters Kd.
t The Uev. John WihIji. prolieiidHry of \V'e>Iiiitii8tt'r. The
frteiiflfll)i|i fnrmril between tliu< iicnileiiiiin ami l.iird Cainellbrd ai
iMi enrly n iieriitil of ttii'ir lives, wns fuiiiiih'd In niiitiial e.-iticiiitanil
coadDucii unlnlinupled till Lord Caiiieiruiil's iJeaiJi.
prejiidiees, viiiiily taken up and oli.^tinalely reliined.
I'liis will never be yonr danger; hut I tliunght it not
anii.ss to oH'er these lellectioiis In yonr Ihoughls. As to
your m inner of heliaving lo.vanis llie.se unhappy young
giiitleiiK 11 you deserihe, let it be manly and easy ; de-
eliiii their parlies with civility ; reliirl llieir raillerv with
raillery, always tempered Willi good breeding: if they
banter your regularity, order, deciiiey, and line of study,
banter in return thetr neglect of Iheiii ; and venture to
own frankly, that yuu eaiiie In Cambridge to learn what
you can, not to liillow what lluy are plciised to e;UI plea-
sure. In short, let your e.vu rn.il lichavionr lo Iheiii lie
as liill of |)oliteness and ca.se as ynnr inward istiinalion
of them is full of pity, mixed with eonleinpl. 1 come
n iw to llie part of the advice 1 have to offer lo you,
which most nearly coneeriis your welfare, and upon
which every good and honourable pnr|K)se of your life
will assuredly turn ; 1 mean the keeping up in your
heart the true sentiments of religion. If you are not
right towards (lod, you can iievei Ik' so towards man :
the noblest sentiment of the human breast is here brought
to the test. Is gratiUide in the number of a man's vir-
tues I If it he, the highest bencfaelor demands the warm-
est returns of gratitude, love, and praise : Ingratuni qui
dixerit, omnia dixit. " When you have K|iokcn ingrati-
tude, you have s|Kiken every thing." If a man wants this
virtue, where there are infinite obligations to excite and
piicken it, he will be likely to want all others towards
his fellow creatures, whose utmost gills are (MXir com-
pared to those he daily receives at the hands of his never
failing ahniglity friend. Kciiiember thy Creator in the
days of thy youth, is big with the deepest wisdom : the
fear of the Lord is the beginning of wisdom ; and, an
upright heart, that is imderstanding. This is eternally
true, whether the wits and rakes of C^ambridgc allow it
or not : nay, I must ixdd of this religious wisdom. Her
ways are ways of pleasantness, and all her paths are
|)eace, whatever yonr young gentlemen of pleasure may
think of a tainted health and haltered constitution. Hold
fa.st therefore by this sheet-anelior of happiness, religion;
you will often want it in the times of most danger ; the
storms and tempests of life, ('herisli true religion as pre-
ciously as you will fly with abhorrence and contempt
superstition and enthusiasm. The first is the perfec-
tion and glory of the human nature; the two last the
depravation and disgrace of it. Remeniber the essence
of religion is, a heart void of ofl'cncc towards God ond
moll ; not subtle speculative opinions, but an active vital
principle of faith. The words of a heathen were so fine
that I must give them to you : Coniposilum jus, fasque
animi, sanelosi|ue recessiis mentis, el incoctum gencroso
pectus honeslo. " What is just and right within the soul,
and the sacred recesses of Uio niinil, and a brcats imbued
with generous honesty."
(io on, my dear child, in the admirable dis|wsitions
you have towards all that is right and good, and make
yourself the love and odmiralion of the world! i have
neither paper nor words to tell you how tenderly
I am yours.
LETTER V.
/Jff/;i,7ai(. 21, 1754.
I will lose not a moment before I return my most ten-
der and warm thanks lo the most amiable, valuable, and
noble minded of youths, for the infinite pleasure his let-
ter gives me. My dear nephew, what a beautiful thing
is genuine goodness, and how lovely does the human
mind ap|X!ar, in its native purity, (in a nature as happy
as yours,) before the taints of a <;orrupted world have
touched it! To guard you from the fatiil eflects of all the
dangers that surround and beset youth, (and many there
are,) I thank God, is liecome my pleasing and very ini-
|KirUnt charge ; your own choice, and our nearness in
iiluod, and still more, a dearer and nearer relation of
hearts, which I feel between us, all concur to make it so.
I shall seek then every occasion, my dear young friend,
of being useful to you, by offering you those lights, which
one must have lived some years in the world lo see the
full force and extent of, and which the U'st mind and
clearest understanding will suggest imperfectly, in any
case, and in the most dillicull, delicate, and- csscntul
points {icrliaps not at all, till e.\|)erience, that dear bougnt
instructer, comes to our assistance. What I shall llieic-
foro make my task, (a liajipy, delightful lask, if I prove
a safeguard to so much opening virtue,) is to lie for some
years, what you cannot bo to yourself, your experience ;
experience anticipated, and ready digested for your use.
Thus we will endeavour, my dear child, to join tlic two
best seasons of life, to cstuhlisli your virtue and your hap-
piness upon solid fbunduliuns. So much in general. I
will now, my dear nephew, say a few tilings to you ii|k,|,
a inatler where you have surprisingly little to learn, cnu.
sidering you have seen nothing but Uoconiiock ; I iiicnii
heliavionr. llehaviour is of infinite advantage or prijii.
dice lo a man, as he happens to have formed it tu ^
gr.ieefiil, noble, engaging, and proper manner, or to j
vulgar, eo:irse, ill bred, or awkward and ungeitleel on,.,
Hehavinnr, though an external thing which si'emi' r.nlJKr
to belong to the liody than to the mind, is eerloinlj
funded in coiisiderulile virtues: though I have knnitu
iii.-tanees of gmid men, with something very revullini;
and offensive in their manner of behaviour, espeiiiHv
when lliey have the inisforlnnc to be naturally very awli.
ward and imgenleel; and which their mistaken Iriinils
have helped lo eontirtn Iheiii in, by telling them, liny
were aliove such trifles, as being genteel, dancing, fciic.
ing, riding, and doing all manly exercises, with grace
and vigour. As if the body, because inferior, were nol
a pari of the com|>ositioii of man: and the pro|ier, laKv,
ready, and graceful use of himself, both in mind aiid
limb, did not go lo make up the character of an acconi.
plished man. You are in no danger of falling into this
pre|)osterons error: and I had a great pleasure in fiiidiiii;
you, when I first saw you in London, so well dispo$rii
by nature, and so pro|iorly attentive to make yourstlf
genteel in ficrson, and well bred in behaviour. I am very
glad you have taken a fencing master: that exercise will
give you sonic manly, firm, and graceful attitudes: open
your chest, place your h«ad upright, and plant ^oii well
upon your legs. As to the use of the sword, it is well lo
know it: but remember, my dearest iiepliew, it \» a
science of defence : luid that a sword can never be em.
ployed by the hand of a man of virtue, in any dtlur
cause. As lo the carriage of your person, be particularly
careful, as you are tall and thin, not to get a haliit nf
stooping; nothing has so poor a look : above all lliiii{!s
avoid conlraetiiig any peculiar gesticulations of the liixiy,
or movements of the muscles of the face. It is rare io
see in any one a graceful laughter; it is generally licllir
to smile than laugh out, especially to contract a habit of
laughing at small or no jokes, flonietimes it would h
afreetalion, or worse, iiiero inorosencss, not lo laugli
heartily, when the truly ridiculous circumstances ufan
incident, or the true pleasantry and wit of a thing, call
for and justify it; but the trick of laughing frivolously u
by all means to be avoided: Risu incplo, res ineptior
nulla est. " Nothing is so silly as a silly laugh." Now
as to |iolitcness ; many have attempted definitions of il:
I believe il is best to lie known by description; definition
nol lM?ing able lo comprise il. I would however venture
to euU it, benevolence in trifles, or tlic preference of |
others lo ourselves in little daily, hourly, occurrences ia
the eoniinerce of life. A better place, a more coiiiiiio. I
dious seat, priority in being helped at table, &c. wliali)
il, but saerifieing ourselves in such trifles to the convc-
iiienee and pleasure of others? And tliis conslitutes true
|ioliteness. It is a perpetual attention, (by habit it growi
easy and natural to us,) to tlic little wants of those »e
are with, by which we eitlicr prevent, or remove tlieiu.
Bowing, ceremonious, formal compliments, stifl" civililics, I
will never he |ioliteness: that must be eos^, natural, un
studied, manly, noble. And what will p;ivc this butil
ininil benevolent and perpetually attentive to exert lliil
amiable disposition in trifles towards all you coiiverst
and live with? Rencvolence in greater matters takes 1 1
higher name, and is the queen of virtues. Nothing isio I
ineoinpalible with |ioliteiiess as any trick of absence of I
mind. 1 would trouble you witli a word or two iiioie f
u|ion some branches of behaviour, which have a niorett. r
rious moral obligation in tliem, than those of mere |Killlr. I
ness; which are equnlly important in the eye of thi I
world. I mean a projicr liehaviour, adapted to the re- 1
spcclivc relations we stand in towards the diA'crcnt ranki I
of superiors, eipials, and inferiors. Let your behaviour I
towards superiors, in dignity, age, learning, or any dii- 1
tinguishcd excellence, be full of res|)ect, deference, on^ |
modesty. Towards equals, notliing becomes a tiian k I
welt as well bred ease, polite freedom, generous franl. I
ness, manly spirit, always tempered will) gcnllcncsii an' I
sweetness of manner, noble sineerily, candour, and op«>' I
ness of heart, qualified and restrained wiltiin the Iwundil
of'^scretiun and prudence, and ever limited by b sacredl
regard to secrecy, in all tliuigs intrusted to il, and an ii- 1
violable utlaehment to your word. To inferiors, ^ciillt- 1
ness, condescension, luid atTubility, is the only ilifriulj.l
Towards servants, never accustom yourself to rough u'l
passionate language. When they arc good wo bIiouHI
consider them us humilcs amiei, as fellow Christians, ill
coiiservi; and when they ore bad, pity, admonish, u^l
part with them if incorrigible. On all occasions bi.|
ware, my dear child, of anger, that (lemon, tliaUl
Nolliing can
than the obligii
ceives my most
of use to him.
ever il be, whiei
paths of the woi
liow lo avoid t
which they then
such timely war
forward towards
lues, and felieiti
or slopped short
helping hand to
slippery way, sci
huinaiiily lo all
love, and who.se ,
of the very soil p
generous virtues
fruit; inward, co
lie love, temporal
say, in such an
naniei. I am gre
you do me the jii
pose any yoke of
conviction. I wisl
and convince you
mcnt to right thin
they ore right ; n
any thing before
by tiic force of at
that Locke lay b
and 1 like the obs
we must use our i
would deal fairly I
ful and contenlcc
worthy of the digr
dear child, let me i
of much moment:
plicable only to si
gious obligations, ai
alone can judge an
mere expediency, t
religion, were not i
such are the usagci
I decortmis, and all tl
(luiremcnts, and gei
I stitutc a proper, gr;
In matters of this k
which I shall alwaj
you must, at first, r
in effect, see witli tl
for the ways of the
manners, as well as
dential consideratio
yince a mind as rigt
I inexperienced youth,
I incognita. As you
I notions of China or
I veiled those countri
I whose relations you
I trust, prematurely fo
I that usage of the wo
Ihavenolycltravcllci
land pracfLscu before
lean repeat nothing tc
lyoiir future welfare, i
■taking up notions aii<
Imjenuous mind ngai
jiTgard to all things tl
■ouc eiaiuinalion, evii
^ligion, (and in all si
"^ason determine you
►naltsrs, I say, be slow
In a candid state of su
>nen you shall proem
fjpcnence of a friem
► hose advice you will
lience hereafter, wher
?''"• I have been Ion
f'"" ""W any gccasioi
J.KTXnRS OF THE EAItL OK f^llATIIAM.
207
;h lo jou ii|ion
• to U'lirii, luu.
mock ; I menu
itaK<J or |itijii.
Drilled it lu 3
iniior, or to j
iingriitccl ciH',
li svvmt ralli(t
J, is tirlaiiilj
I ImVf kiiniMi
very revuUini;
lour, especially
irnlly very awll.
istuken iVitntls
iug tlii'in, tiny
I ilancitig, fcnt.
ses, with Eruce
I'erior, were nci
lie proiior, easy,
h in niiiul aud
er of on accom-
lulling into lliis
■asure in fiiiilinir
so well disposcii
J make yourself
viour. I am very
that exercise will
1 attitudes : open
1 plant you well
iford, it 13 well to
ucplicw, it in 1
an never be ini.
ue, in any other
n, be particularly
Lo gel a lialiil of
alK)Ve all things
itioii" of the body,
cc. It is rare io
18 generally Iwlter
lontract a habit of
.imes it would be
CSS, not to laugh
cunistanccs of aa
lit of a thing, call
;hing frivolously is
jcpto, res ineptior
Illy hugli." Now
i delinitiana of it;
ription; definition
1 however venture
tlic preference of
, occurrences ia
, a more coniuio-
table, &c. wliatii
lies to the coHvc
,is constitutes true
(by habit it grows
'anta of those we
or remove theiu.
cnU, stiff eivililicf,
cosy, natural, un-
11 give this but >
;ntive to exert tint
all you converse
er matters takes i
acs. Nothing is so
rick of absence ot
word or two more
cli have a more «t-
losc of mere iwlilf-
n the eye of thi
adapted lo the re.
the different ranki |
ct your bcliavioui
irning, or any dii-
;ct, deference, ami
ccoincs a man »
n, goncrons fraal-
■illi gcntlencMM'
candour, and open-
witliui the bouiiiii
mitcd by asact^
^i to it, and an i*
"o inferiors, ^cnfc
|g the only dip»tj.
^rself to rough ui
re good wo sluHiH
llow Christian!, «
ity, admonish, nil
all occasions 1»|
It demon, tliilii
dtroyur of our iwoee. Ira iiiror bievis est, aniimiiii rige
qui nisi paret iiii|n'rat, hune frirnis hune tu eonipixc
ratcnis. " Anger is tein|K)rary madness — unless it oIk y,
it will rule the mind Uku a tyrant: restrain it u ith curbs
and chains."
Write soon, and tell nic of your studies.
Your ever affectionate.
LErncR VI.
««M, Ffii. .'1, r..i.
Nothing can or ought to give me a hi'^'lier satislurlion
than the obliging manner in which my dear i ''pliew re-
ceives luy most sincere and all'ectiniialc endeav rs lo Ih-
of use to him. You much overrate the obligatinn, u hit.
ever It b<', which youth lias to those who have Inid tlie
paths of the world lioforc them, for their friendly ndvicc-
iiow to avoid the inconveniences, dangers, and iviN,
which they themselves may have run u|ioii for want of
nuch timely warnings, and to seize, cultivate, and carry
forward towards perfection, those advantages, graces, vir-
tues, and felicities, whicli they may have totally missed,
or stopped short in the generous pursuit. To lend this
helping hand to those who arc beginning to tread the
slippery way, seems, at Iwst, but an oIKcc of eommiin
humanity to all; but to withhold it from one we truly
love, and whose heart and mind bear every genuine mark
of the very soil proper for all the omiahle, manly, and
generous virtues to take root, and bear their heavenly
fruit; inward, conscious peace, fame amongst men, pub-
lic love, leinporal and eternal happiness; to withhold it, I
sav, in such an instance, would deserve the worst of
names. I am greatly pleased, my dear young friend, that
you do me the justice to believe I do not ineaii to iiii
pose any yoke of authority upon your understaniling and
conviction. I wish to warn, admonish, instruct, enligliten.
and convince your reason ; and so determine your judg.
mcnt to right things, when you shall be made lo see thai
they are right; not to overbear, and imjiel you to adopt
any thing before you perceive it to lie riglit or wrong,
by the force of authority. I hear with great pleasure,
that Locke lay before you when you last wrote to mo ;
and I like the observation that you make from him, that
wc must use our own reason, not that of another, if wc
would deal fairly by ourselves, and hope to enjoy a peace-
ful and contented conscience. This precept is truly
worthy of the dignity of rational natures. But here, my
dear cliild, let inc otfer one distinction to you, and it is
of much moment: it is this: Mr. Locke's precept is ap-
plicable only to such opinions as regard moral or reli-
gious obligations, and which as such, our own consciences
alone can judge and detenniuc for ourselves ; matters of
mere expediency, that affect neither honour, morality, or
religion, were not in that great and wise man's view :
such are the usages, forms, manners, modes, proprieties,
decorums, and all those numlicrlcss ornamental little ac-
quirements, and genteel well bred attentions, which con-
stitute a proper, graceful, amiable, ond noble behaviour.
In matters of this kind, I am sure, your own reason, to
which I shall always refer you, will at once tell you, that
you must, at first, make use of the experience of others;
in effect, see witli their eyes, or not be able to see at all ;
I for the ways of the world, as to its usages and exterior
manners, as well as to all things of cxjicdicncy and pru-
I dential considerations, a moment's rcHcction will con-
vince a mind as right as yours, must necessarily be to
I inexperienced youth, with over so fine natural parts,a terra
I incognita. As you would not therefore attempt to form
Inoiinns of China or Persia but from those who have tra-
I veiled those countries, and the fidelity and sagacity of
I whose relations you can trust ; so will you as little, 1
I trust, prematurely form notions of your own concerning
I that usage of the world (as it is called) into which you
Ihave not yet travelled, and which must be long studied
land practised before it can he tolerably well known. I
lean rc|)eat nothing to you of so infinite consequence to
lyour future welfare, as to conjure you not to he hasty in
Itaking up notions and opinions : guard your honest and
linjrenuous mind against this main danger of youth : with
Iregard to all things that appear not to your reason, after
Iduc examination, evident duties of honour, morality, or
|teligion, (and in all such as do, let your conscienctt pnd
reason determine your notions and cojiduct,) in all oraCr
matters, I say, be slow to form opinions, keep your itlitid
in a candid state of suspense, and o|)eri to full conviction
when you shall procure it, using in the mean time tlie
fcx|)orience of u friend you ftin trust, the sincerity of
fcihosc advice you will try and prove by your own expc-
lience licrcnfVer, when more years shall have given it to
|ou. I have been longer upon this head than I hope
IIkto was any occasion for : but the great importance of
the iiii.''. r, iiiid my wuriii wishes for your wellaro, figure,
and happiiirss, have drawn it Iniiii me. 1 wimIi tu kimu
if you liuvr a ;;()od Kroiiih iiiasti r : I iiiiisl rx'oiiiiiiriiil
till' study <)( till' Kr< noli language, to speak and write it
cnrrri lly, us In gruiiimar and ortliiigraphy, as a iiiatttr
of the lltlllll^t nn<l iiidi^pciisublr iisr to you, iry<'ii Wdiilil
iiiakr any IIlmih' In the great world. 1 hi id siiy no iimiT
til eiifon-i' this ri'i'omiiieiidntioii : when I get to I.nriitnii
I will *viu\ yon the Ik'sI Kreiieh ilirtiniiiiry. Have ymi
htrcii t.iiigltl ■'liriipliy am] the ii'^e (.I'lhr iflolirs Iiy .\lr.
Li I'ch? Il'ijui, |ii'.iy l.ikr u geography ma!<lrr and liarii
till' ii«i' of the ghilie.'^ : it is t^oiiii knnwii. 1 n roniiiiiiid
In yt'ii III iii'ipiirL' a ikar and Ihoniiigh nctiou of what is
eulU'd the Milir sysliin; iDgilhir with the dnrtrliii' nl
riiimts. I waiildl IS inili h or iiinri' lo hear of your pri-
^:ll^ rr.iiliiig at lioiiii asiif piililii hrtiires, which I liDpe,
liinvrver, you will fio]ueiit ibr i.\aiii|i|i 's sake. I'urdiiii
this long U'ttir, mill keep it by you il'yuii do iiul hate it,
Believe me, my dear nephew, ever atleetioiiutely yours.
LETTK.U \II.
Hull,, Mil rcl, 30, 175'l.
My dear nephew — I nm much iibliged to you fur your
kind remembrance and wishes for my health. It is iiiiuli
recovered by the regular lit of gout, of which 1 am still
lame in both feel, and I may hope for better healtii here-
after in eonsei|Uence. I have thought it long since we
converseil : I wailed to be able lo '.'ive ynu a belter ne
count of my health, and in part to leave you time to
make advances in your plan of study, of which I am
very desirous to hear an account. I desire you will Im'
so good aslolet me know particularly if you have gone
through the abridgment of Ituriict's History of the lie-
formation, and the treatise of Kuther I'liiil on lieiiefiees ;
also how niueh of Locke you have read. 1 licg you not
to mix any other Knglish reading with what I reeom-
mended to you. I propose lo save you niiieli time and
trouble by |x>intiiig out to you such books, in succession,
as will carry you the shortest way to tlie tilings you must
know to fit yourself for the business of the world, and
give you the clearer knowledge of them by keeping them
unmixed with superfluous, vain, empty trash, licl me
hear, my dear child, of your French also ; us well as ot
those studies which are more pro|)crly university studies.
I cannot tell you better how truly and tenderly I love
you, than by telling you I am most solicitously bent on
your doing every thing that is right, and laying the
foundations of your future happiness and figure in the
world, in such a course of improvement us will not fail
to make you a better inuii, while it makes you a more
knowing one. Do you rise early? I hojK; you have
already made to yourself the hubil of doing it : if not,
let me conjure you to acquire it. Ueniember yor.r friend
Horace. Kt iii posces ante diem libruin cum luminc, si
nnn intendes uninium studiis, ct rebus lionestis, invidia
vel ainorc miser torquebere. " If you do not go willi a
lamp before daylight lo your books, — if you do not bend
your mind lo study and virtuous employment, jealousy
or love will soon make you miserable." Adieu.
Your ever affectionate uncle.
LEITEK VIIL
Aslrop Wells, Se/if. 5, 1754.
My dear nephew — I have been u long lime without
conversing with you, and thanking you Tor the pleasure
of your last letter. Vou may possibly be about to return
to the seat of learning on tlie hanks of the Cam ; but I
will not defer discoursing to you on literary matters till
you leave Cornwall, not doubling but you are mindful of
the muses amidst the very savuge rocks and moots, and
yet more savage natives, of the aneicnt and respectable
duteliy. First, with regard lo the opinion you desire
eoncernin;: a coiiimoii-place book; in general, I much
disapprove the use of it : it is chiefly intended for per-
sons who mean In he; authors, and tends to impair the
memory, and to deprive you of u ready, extempore use
of your reading, by accustoming the mind to discharge
itself of its reading on paper, instead of relying on Us
natural power of retention, aided and fortified by fVequeiit
revisions of its ideas and materials. Some things mu8t
be common-placed in order to be of any use; dates, cliro.
nologicul order, and the like ; for instance, Natlianiel
Bvcon ought to be extracted in the best method you can:
but in general my advice lo you is, not to common-place
upon impcr, but, aa an equivalent to it, to endeavour to
range and melliodise in your head what you read, and
by so doing frequently and habitually to fix matter in
the memory. If you hove not read Burnet's History of
his own Tunes, 1 lieg you will. I hope your fulher is
well. My love lo the girls.
Your ever affectionate,
LEiri;U IX.
I'liij Ojlirr, .I/im7!I, 17.'i.").
My dear iiephiw — I rijoiii' iMriiiirly to hear tlint
yiMir I'.illiir and tlir girls lire not iiiiriitrrl:;iiiril in their
Iravrls. Ill till' iiiiaii lime your IraM Is lliroiigli iLe
lallis III' litrratiirr, arts, anil siiiiiirs, (a roait miiiu*
linns set with llimirs, ami mnii limes iliirmilt, la-
luirion:!, and ariliinns,) are mil mily ii fiiiiuly iiiore
jiriifitable in liilurr, but at pri'sint, ii{ii.ii tlu' wlioir, in-
liiiiiily iiiiiri' diliglilfiil. .My own Ir.ivi Is -.a priMiit arc
iinnr of Iho pleasaiili'sl : I am goiiiu' tliri'iiijli a fit ot' Iho
gout; with iiiiii'li prii|M'r pain and what pinpirialii ni'i' I
may. Avis all l( rti ill', my swiit lii.y ; ri iiiiiiilKr thy
Cie.ilor in llie days ol' lliy youth. Let iin ixiisms lay
the limmlatioiis III' gipiit mid Iho rest of I'andora's box;
iKir any iiiiiiioralilies, or viriniis courses, sow the seeds
of a loo lale and paiiiliil ripriilaiui'. Here ends my ser-
mon, whii'li, I trust, you are not fine griitliiiiaii enough,
or in plain I'lnijlish silly li lloiv enoii(;h li> laugh at. Lady
Hester is niiieli yours. Lit mo hear some account of
your intirciiurse with tlie imi.-es.
And lielieve mo ever, your truly most ullielioiiale.
LETJEU X.
l',ii/OJ]irr,Ai,i it 15, I7,5j.
A thousand thanks lo my dear Imy for a very pretty
litter. I like exlremely the neeoimt you i;i\e of your
literary life; llic relleelions you make uiioii some West
Saxon actors in the limes you are reading, are natural,
manly, and stnsible, and flow from a liiait that will make
you far siipi riiir to any of tin m. 1 am loiilent you shoiiUl
l)i\ intiriiiplid (pioviilid Iho inti rriipiion be not long) in
the course of your reading by ilerlaiming in deli nee of
the thesis you liuve so wisely eliosiii to maintuin. It is
tiuc indeed that the aniriiialivi' maxim, Diiiiie solum
forli palria est, " Every soil is his eoimtrv to Iho brave,"
has supported some grout and good men iinilei- the |mt-
seeulions of fuelion and party iiijusliie, ami taught them
lo prel'er an hospitable retreat in a foreign land lo an un-
natural inolher country. iSome few such may lie found
in ancient times: in our own country also some; such
was Algernon Sidney, I,mllow, and others. But how dan-
gerous is it to trust frail, eorrnpt man, with siieli an
aphorism! What fatal casuistry is it big with! How
many a villain might, and has, masked himself in the
sayings of ancient illustrious exiles, while he was, in
fact, dissolving oil the nearest and dearest ties that hold
societies together, and spurning at all laws divine and
human! How easy the transition from this political lo
some imjiious ecclesini-lical aphorisms! If all soils are
alike to the brave and virtuous, so may ell churches and
modes of worship; that is, all will be" iqually neglected
aiiil violated. Instead of every soil Icing his eoimtrv, he
will have no one for his country ; be w ill be the Ibrlorn
outcast of mankind. Such wus the late Bolingbroke of
impious memory. Let mc know when your declamation
LETTER XL
,, , Priy (Iffirr, May 20, 1735.
My dear nephew— I am extremely concerned to hear
that you have been ill, especially us" your account of un
illness, you sjK'ak of us jiasl, implies such remains of dis-
order us I bog you will give all jiroper ultention to. By
the medicine your physician lius ordered, I conceive he
considers your ease in some dofiree nervous. If that be
so, advise with him whether a little elnmge of air and of
the scene, together with some weeks' course of steel
waters, might not be highly proper for you. I nm to go
the day after to-morrow to Sunning Hill, in Windsor
borest, where I pro|>osc lo drink those waters for about
a month. Lady Hester nnd 1 sdall be happy in your
company, if your doctor shall m of opinion that such
waters may be of service lo you; which, 1 hope, will be
his opinion. Besides health recovered, the muses shall
not be quite forgot : we will ride, read, walk, and philo-
sophise, extremely at our ease, oiid you may return to
Cambridge with new nrdonr, or nt least with strength
repaired, when wc leave Sunning Hill. If you come, the
sooner the heller on all accounts. We propose to go into
Buckinghamshire in about a month. I rejoice Uiat your
declamation is over, and that yon have begun, my dear-
est nephew, to open your mouth in pubhc. I wisii I had
heard you perform ; the only way I ever shall hear your
praises from yeur own month. My gout prevented my
so mucli intendeil and wished for journey to Cambridge :
and now my plan of drinking waters renders ft impossi-
blc. Come, tlien, my dear boy, to ns ; and so Mahomet
and the monntam may meet, no matter which moves to
tbo other. Adieu,
Your ever nfleclionatr.
i» «-,■"'• « .. :i
I
.1*.
■t
»
i:;,^-^
'If
■i
'p!''i^
2()»
Lirrrii lis of the eakl of Chatham.
1 1 ^f^
'■"■.'■
it*.--.
I.KTTKR XII.
Jiiiij i;), iTj.").
My ili'ar luplicw — I have dclayiil writing to yon in
f.\(K:ctati()ii oflifarinn; fiirtlicr liniii you ii|xiii tlic -iiihjwt
ol'yoiir stay at coUej^rc. Xii ii< ivs is tlio Ixst news, and I
will Iiojm; now tliat all your ilitiicultii s u|)ou that head
are at an ciul. 1 rcprt'snil ynii 1<i niynclfdcip in study,
and drinking larsrc drau:;lils ol" intclkctual niclar ; a
very delieious state to a mind happy eiioufili, i"'<l ele-
vated enonifli, to thirst after knowledjie and true honest
lame, even an the hart pantetli after the water hrooks.
When I name knowledjre, I ever intend learning: as the
weapon and instrument only ol' ni.mly, lionourahle, and
virtuous aetion, ujion the stage of the world, l)oth in pri-
vate and puhlic life; as a jjentlemaii, and as a meiiilier ol
the conunonwealth, who is to answer for all lie does to
the laws of his eountry, to his own hreast and eonscicnce,
anil at the Iriliunal of lionour and good lame. Yon, my
dear boy, will not only be ae(|nitted, but n|)plan<led and
dignified at all these res|Ketalile nnd awl'nl bars. So, goon
and pros|)er in your glorious and happy career : not for-
getting to walk an hour briskly, every m<irning and
evening, to fortify the nerves. 1 wish to hear, in some
liltic lime, of tlie progress you shall have made in the
course of reading chalked out. Adieu.
Your ever allectionato nnelc.
Lady Hester desires her best compliments to you.
LETTEU XIII.
Ulniic, July i2 1. 17.')j.
My dear nephew — I am jusi leaving this place to go to
Wotlon; but 1 will not lose the post, lliongh I have lime
hut for one line. 1 am extremely happy that you can slay
at your college, and pursue the prudent and glorious re-
xulution iif employing your present moments with a view
lu the future. Alay your noble and generous love of vir-
tue pay you with the sweet rewards of a self-approving
heart and an applauding country! and may I enjoy the
true satisfaction of .seeing your tamo and happinuss, anil
of thinking that I may have Iktii tbrtnnale enough to
huvo contributed, in any small degree, to do common
justice to kind nature by a suitable education! I am no
very gmid judge of the ipiestion coiieeruing the iMmks; I
iK'lievc they are your own in the same Kcnse that your
wearing apparel is. 1 would retain llieni, and leave the
candid and equitable Mr. to plan with the honest
Mr. M"liiines of |icr|>etual ve.xalion. As to the
persons just mentioned, I Irnst that you liear alxint yon
a mind and heart iniicli snjK'rior to such nialiee ; and
lliat you are as little capable of rcMnling il, with any
sensations hut those of cool, decent contempt, Bs you are
of fearing the conseijui'nees of such low etVortr. As lo
till' caiiliun money, I think you have done well. The
case of the ehamlie'rs, 1 (•uneeiv", you likewise iippre-
di 11(1 rightly. Iii I me know in your next what these two
articles reipiire you to pay down, and how far your pre-
sent cash is evhanslod, and I will diicel Mr. CanipU II to
give y<m credit accordingly. Iklievo me, my dear
iiejiliew, truly hapjiy to be of use le you.
Yuur ever nircctionato.
I.EITER XIV.
y//i^/(, «(•/;/. 2.">, 17.".."..
I have not conversed with my dear nephew a long
lime: I ha\e been niueh in a |HiH|.eliaise, living a wan-
diiing Si'Vlliiaii lill', and lie has liien more usefully
< inployed than in reading or wriliiig letters; travelling
Ihrongh the Mil Ions, iiiKtrneling, and eiilerluiniiig road
of hislory. I lia\i' a parliciilar j.le.isnru in lie.iriiig lenv
and'then a word from you in your journey, jiist while
you are changing horses, if 1 may so call il, anil gelling
from one anllior to aiKilhi r. 1 suppose yen are goin^
through (he biographers, from lalu.ird the Konrtli down-
wards, nor intending to stop till yon reach lo the coii-
liiniator of honest Itaj.in. » • • » • | ),;,,,. ,,xv\
with a seheinu of chronology by Illnir, showing all en-
ti iiiporary, historical eharaetcrs, throngli all agi s : it is
of great use to consult lVei|Ui iilly,in order to lix piiioils,
and throw collatiral light upon any jiaillcnlur l.rancli
yon are reading. l>el me know, whin I liiuu the plea-
sure of a letter lioiii yon, how far you are advanced in
I'aiglisli history. Yi.n niny prolwibly not have lienrd
unlhenlle illy of (ioMTiior Lytllilon's eaplivily and re.
le.lse. Jle is safe and well ill I'ltlglanil, at)er bring taken
and detained in I'ranee some days. Sir Kii hard and he
iiiel, iulex|H'eledly eiiuilgli, ut llniSM In, and eaiiie to.
giihir lo Eii';liiiil, I pro(Mi 1 n Inriiinu Im I.oiiiIoii in
ubuut a week, wheie I Jio|ie lo liiid Lidy lU.tUi iu> well
as I left her. We are lioth iiiiieh indebted for your kind
u\i\ alfeetionate wishes. In publica commiMla iHccein si
loiigo serinone iiiorer, "I should sin against the jnil.lie
weal were 1 to detain with a long discourse!" one bent on
so honuiirable and virtuous a journey as you arc.
LETTER XV.
Pay OJIIce, Dec. (i, 17.''.,'"..
Of all the various satisfactions of mind I have felt
uimii some late eveiit-s, none has alP.'eted nio v^ith more
^•ensibilily and delight than the reading my dear nephew's
Utter. The matter of it is worthy of a heller age than
lliat wc live in; worlliy of your own noble, uiiliiinleil
mind ; and the manner and expression of it is such, as, 1
Irnst, will one day make you a powerful inslminenl to-
wards mending the present degeneracy. Examples are
mnecessaiy to happy natures; and it is well for your
future gioi-y and happiness that this is the ease; lor to
copy any now existing might cramp genius and ehrek
ihe native spirit of the piece, rather than eonlrlbule to
• |K'rlectl"ii of it. I ham from Sir Uiehanl l.yllelton
that we may have the pleasure of ineeling soini, as he
lias already or intends to ofler you a bed at his house. It
is on this, as on all neensions, lillle necessary lo preach
priidcnee, or to intiinali! a wish that your studies at
rainbridge iniglil not 1h' broken fiy a long inlerriipllon of
llieiii. Iknowtla righlness of your sound mind, and leave
you to all the geiierons and animating motives you find
there, for luirsuing iiriproveinents in lileratnre and use-
ful knowledge, as miieli belter connsillnrs than
Your ever most all'eelionate nnele.
Lady ilester desires her best compliments. The little
cousin is well.
LETTER XVI.
Hoi»e (<uiird^,J(in. 31, n.^li.
My dear nephew — Let me thank you a Ihons.iiiil limes
for your remeiiilK'ring ine, and giving me Ihe pleasure of
hearing that you was well, and had laiil by the ideas of
l.ondon and its dissijialions, to lesnine the sober train of
tlionghts that gowns, si|uaro caps, iiuadrnngles, and nia-
in-lslls, naturally draw after them. I hope the air of
Cambridge has brought no disorder upon yon, and thai
you will compound with Ihe muses so as to dedicate
some hours, not less than two, of the day to csereise.
The earlier you rise, the Istler your nerves will bear
study. When you next do me the pleasure to wrile to
mr, I Ix'g a copy of your elegy on your molher's pic-
ture; it is siieli admirable poetry, thai 1 Ixg yon to
pinnge deeji into prose and severer similes, and iiol iii-
dulgr your genius with verso lor the presenl. Siibsli-
liite 'i'ully and Demosthenes in Ihe place of IJomer and
\'ir({il; and arm yoursell'with all the variety of manner,
copiousness and beauty of diction, nobleness and mag-
nilieence of ideas of the Roman consul; and reiidi r the
jK.wers of ebspience complete by Ihe irresistible torrent
of veheinent argiimenlalluu, the close and fori llile rea-
soiling, and ihe depth and tiirtilude of mind of Ihe (.re-
ei'in sl.'ilesman. 'i'liis I mean at leisure intervals, and lo
relieve the course of lliose studies, which you intend to
make your principal object. The book rel.iling lo the
empire of (lermany, which I could not reeolleet, is Vi.
tri^' .is's .Ins rnblienm, an admirable book In its kind,
and > .sl( eined of the bi'st aiilliorily in mailers inneli eoii-
Iroverleil. We aru all well : Sir Richard is upon his legs
and abroad again.
Your ever nM'eetioimto uncle.
LETTER XVII.
lltiijr', nrir liimilri/, Min/ 11, \'tM.
My dear nephew's obliging leder was evi ry way lno^■l
pleasing; is I hail more lb in bigini lo think II longsliier
I had till >alisfiielion id' hearing he was well. As llie
season of liumidily and lela.xallon is now alinosl over, I
Irnst that the muses are in no danger of in rvoiis coin,
plaints, and llial wliali vi r pains they have lo lell are mil
of the reach of Esenlapins, anil not dangerous, Ihotigli
t pideniii'.il to youth al lliis soft iiionlh —
" When lavish iialme, In her best allirc,
('lollies the gay spring, the seiisim of disiie."
To l«' serloin, I hope my dearest nephew is pi rfiilly
IVi" from all returns of liis former eiiinpliinl, ami i imblrd
by an iinailing body, and an ardeiil eli'Vided mind, (o fo|.
biw, (jnoleiii li'slis sapii iida dneeri t; " \\ hen vi r diviiii
: iloMi ' li.ill b ad llni ." \\\ buliilayi: are now appioaeli
ingiiuiU llon^r lu licnr iiuiiitlhiiigul'y">i> labuui.<,whii li
I doubt not, will prove In (heir eonseipienee more |ii.,|:|
able lo yi ur eoimtry a i'vw years hence than your im.
ele's. i{e so good lis lo let me know what jiii gres^ vi.ii
have made in our historical and coiislitiitional joiiiin ,
that 1 may suggest to you some liirlber reiidhig.
Yours most airceliunilelv.
LETTER XVIII.
Ildijrn, Oft. 7, l"/."ji;.
I tliliik It very long since I heard any tlil«ig of im
dear iie|)liew's health and learned oecnpalioiis at tin- i;i.,
tlier of arls and seieiices. Pray give me the plea:-iiii ,i:
a leller soon, and be so good as lo li;l me know wli.il pi
gress is made in our plan of reading. I am now lu iii;il„
a rec|nest lo yon in behalf of a young gentleman eaialn-
lo C;anibriilge, Mr. 's son. The father desires iniic'i
that you and his son may iiiake an aeqiiahili;iii'i : ;„
what liillier wonUI not? Mr. is one of Ilie li,.
friend:: I have in the worbl, and nothing can oble.;i' i,„
more than that you would do all in your power In I, ,
assist.iiiee and advantage to the yoiiog man. lb ii ,
good parts, good nature, and amiible i|ualities. Mr ,
yinnig, and consei|iieiitly iiiueh depends on llie lir.i
habits he forms, whether of appliealion or ilissl|Mii. ;,
You see, my dear nephew, what it is already In li n,
made yourself I'rineeps .(uvenltilis. Il has its i;liiri.
mil its cares. You are invested with a kind of piiMi
charge, and the eyes of (he worM are u|ioii ymi, n..l i.il,
for your own aeipilttal, but fur the examide and p.ill, n
to the Jh'ilish yonlli.
My dear nephew, most alU'Cliouatcly year.-.
LETTER XIX.
Si, Jamm's W/i(i(;t, 0(7. 27, I7.">7.
My dear nephew — IncUiscd is a letter from
wliieh came in one lo me. I heartily wish the eoiiltiil- 1
may be agreeable lo you.
I am far from Is'ingsatislied, my dearest neiilie\v,\\lr'
Ihe aecoiml your last letter to iiiy sister gives of y r I
health. I had forined Ihe hope ofyour ceasing to i« m
invalid Islore this lime; but since you iiiusl snbiuil i
be one for Ibis winter, I am comforted lo liml ym
sdenglh is not impaired, as it used lo I. •, by the ntin,: .
of illness you soinelimes feel; and I trust the fX(««\ pi.
vernment yon are under, and the forlilnde and nviiJ,
resignation you are possessed of, will carry ymi »i5
llirongli this trial of a young man's palienee, anil liiiii;
oil on) in spring like gold, the bi Iter for the proMl! I
.:'jtiiee to hear yon have a friend of great iiieni In I-
with yiiu. Aly wariiiest wishes for yiair heallli and lii|.|
piness never liiil to follow yon. Lady Hester ile>lii>l»:l
best coniplinienls. Ilelieve me,
Willi the tri'esl alleclioli, ever year.-
KNP or TIIK LKTTKItS.
WACOrsTA,
A T.\l.K OF IlKniOIT A.\U .MK'IIIM.t.MACKI.VAl'.
Hj/tlieaulhotu/Eniili, Luiidini: 1631).
"It is a enrioiis lint, that so popular an aullmr :n M;
Cooper has hllhiTio met with no ri\aN. 'I'lie fnsi lliii.'
lliat usually li.ippeiis In a meeessful v.rib r, is In It me.
wlielined wllli I'nllowers : perhaps the lUillior iil' II'
"Spy" avcililed ihi^, by the iinKiiuwii land on «liirli !
I his mark. An English aiKinliirer has iinw, lidt.l
IT, eiiternl on his track, and we iiiiisl say \i itii L'f.ll
spirit. 'I'lie first volumes of Wacon.^la are eveeeilli'jlil
i.noil, and the interest eviili d iilsinl Ihe lonely giirriNjT
IS well snstalni'd; bill the lii.-.lory of Waeoiisla liiii
borders a lillle on (lie In probalae, but all llie < i
purl is real and niilinaleil. Among the mosi t-tilhi;!
passages, we would nienllon the .eeiies on l«.iiri! li'
III oner, the Iri.il of IIk sinliiiel, anil the ilisiiairyiil
Ihe Uiily. 'J'he plot is l.iid ill Canudi sonii) scvi nl} yivJ
Ign,
"We now liir the full gralifie illoii of (In ii eini.'!'lljrt|
fer our readers lollie work ilstll'." — Imittaii l,il.(vt:if\
Wncoiisia will be rntiiinenct'il hi tlir next niiialirt i*
lhe"Llbr.rv."
/'iKifiDM— III llie 'VM\ line ofChiip. V. ol'Ihe .M(ii»*|
ef roiliii.i licauliatiiaif, lor 177!l riad I'l )''.
Note
Althoiigii till
! preat favour by
this country, w
I more familiar v
can be best tcs
i taken as a whi
I very superior )
oiil, it has few
style and langii
I compelled on a i
Iditahlc lo the au
I in B field so aucc
I is the more rcnia
(iiullior of "Ecart
ch the gainiii
liJiwIpaliniis were
lionlrasled with 11
.\ few cursory i
piirt's ol' the couni
ciils I.J laid, niaj
jtlild volaiiie.
Wiiliout cnlorin
■nay be iieei.'ssary i
bf tlie iiiutliwesten
laicliliiae, a name
ry tlie .Anierieans, '
Il ia situated al the
rai, and adjacent
Jiiiti'llieevlsteneei
^'palilie, an EiiglisI
iii'iv of keeping i
lie lakes we deseei;
lira, iliseiiibiiguiiH j
'lil.H again reiiders
|r river, not less tin
iMifriwIvely wideiii
>.>1 la llie liiMiitiful
Jt'liiislallerlalieeoii
liiaitlierelebrity of
loiian iinpisKiriile b
yicr.srver llie other
III' r.'iante liirln'sseu
llA ili.tlai f ,1 )(.,
Ily eill|l|j|.H il:«,|C
r lill' if.irifeoiu Am
riiiily of llii.4 mag
liai'd «l. I. iwreneo I
r"iii;li a vast tract (
Mi'l'liuiiiplain, cele
kli'Jl (if Ihe llrliisli (
AniiriijiM.
rriii' wvei.il fort, „,
^ tuink ol' the St. Li
pn "flhr nmi.h po»
fniili.iirc ncrenmiril-
K*:» "BRins — l'
lire iiiori' lunl';!
. IImii your uii.
Idliiiiial jiiiuiuy,
allci:liiji>alc.ly.
■s, Oil.', I'l.Vi.
any tl'W'S "'' I"}
Kilious at llii' i:i"
ic kniiw wlial \<h:
I am luiw 111 uA
;.Mitk'mai\ loiiii",
[ihcr (li'i^iirs mm',
HOliiiiiiid.iii^i : u-
s oiu' ot lli«" li' ■■
nj; can uliliuf H"
our imwi'i' tn 1, ,,
ui; man. lli ii ■
. iiualiliis. llf 1
jioiids on llii- III.'
ion nr clMsipiiii :i,
is »lrca<ly I" liiv'
U lias its filiiri.
Ill a kind of \«M<.
niion yon, ii"!'"'!;
xamplu and lull -n
L'ctiouaUly your.-.
■ire, Oct. 27, IT.o.
klUr frnm
ily wisli til".' i"'ilii'l-
,liart>ln.'i)lic\v,wil''
Hiskr t!'^'''* "'' >■"'" I
•our r-fUKint; lo W a
you must »nl>ii»l '
nlortrd )■' I'""' >"i« I
|to !>', l>y lli'T'l"."'
I Irnsl tla' «"'>il P'- .
lortilndc and nviiili |
will carry yn «i!i
|H [.alirmr, a'ldi'l"'-
Idr lor llio I'f""'' ' '
,1- ^rcal nifiil '" '■
yonr liiallli iind In;.
Ily |U'»li.Ttl''.-i">'"'
r. tlion, tJvir )'•""■
llll.l.IMACKl>.»<'.
liar an aullior ;i' M:
\it\-. 'I'lic riii.Uliii;|
I v.ril'r, iHlol' '"
ll.c laillior ol
In land on «lii'li
W^2LBlffi^fiJ__OT^^^ (01IB(SgWliii^Eir(^ lilUm^IB^;
nrci' nu« '
inw, llii«.|
VOL. !•
PIIILAnRLPHIA, APRIL 16, 1833.
JVO. 14.
Pkintku and PuflLisiiKP BY AD.AM VVAhDIK, No. 0, NoK'iii I'JKiinii rthi:kt, I'ltn.ADi^i.i'iiu — At $5 fur 5'.! ntiiiilirrs, pnyiibli: in ndvanci^.
rilEOMX N. WOOD & CO. OnciKRELLeHK, Haltimork, nn.' Agoiiia for the slates of Maryland, Virgin n, and Ohio, nnd the city of New Orleans.
OR,
TIIK PROPHECY:
A TALK OF DETROIT AND .MICHILLI.MACKI.NAC.
' Venginncp i» still nll\ ■ ; frnin her dnrk coven,
Willi nil III r i-nakfn em I npun hiT crest,
Hhe utalks in viuw, and tires ine with hei charms."
The Hrvtnge.
BY THE AUTHOR OF "ECARTE."
DEDICATED TO TIIK FORTY-KmST BRITISH KEGIME.NT BY
ONCE SHARER IN THEIR SERVICE.
lOll^l Wiy V. illl!;";l|
In.Ma arii">'M''i'";;
III,' loni'ly !!•""■
If Wacoiiila liiiii'
I, liiit uU ll"' '■''"]
If, llu' 111"'' '■>"''"■
"i cnc" on '"»'"' '^',1
Jllld 111!' diKloMiylj
I .ll'llllil (1111"^'')" I
[im.don /,.(.'.'";'•"]
llir ne^l mnaki'
V. I'l'llii Mtn**!
[.ulivr'.
Note to the first American edition.
Mthough tlio Ibliowinj; work lias boon received with
great lavour by tlie reading public in England, it is in
this country, wlicre the scene is laid, and where wo ore
more tUmiliar with the Indian character, that its merits
can be best'tcsted. Though not without defects, yet,
i (akeu OS a whole, we think it will be pronounced a
very superior production. For deep interest through-
I oiil it has few rivals of the modern school, anil the
style and langunge are in general excellent. Wo feel
1 compelled on a second perusal to consider it highly ere-
I dilalilo io the author, and an earnest of still higher flights
I in a field so successfully trodden by our own Coojier. It
! the iinre remarkable as coming from tho pen of the
Inullior of'Ecarte, or the Siloons of Paris," a work in
I which the gaining houses of the French capital, and its
Idisiijiations were the subjects — scones which are strongly
Ifontraslcd with those here jiortraycd.
'..•HAPTER I.
INTROtlUCTORV.
A few cursory remarks, illustrative of the general fea-
llurea of tlie country where the scene of the Ibllowing
kvents h laid, may not be mispiaced at the opening of
lliii volume.
Witliout oiilerini; into minute geographical detail, it
kiiay be iieeossury iiiurely to state that the most di^tiiiit
hi' ihe iioitliwestern settlenieiits of America is Michilli-
liiicliinae, a iiiiino given by the Indiann, and preserved
, llie .Xiiicrieans, who ikissckh the Ibrl even to this hour.
II is situuU'd at tile he.id uf the Lakes Michigan and Hu-
n, mid adj iii'iit to Ihe Island of St. Joseph's, where,
iki' ihe exisleiiee of Ihe I'liili'd States as all inilepenileiil
V|mblie, an I'iii^lish garrison has been inuintained, w ith
)vii'«' of keeping Ihi; original fortress in check. From
llif lakes HO descend into Ihe River Sinclair, v\liiili, in
dlseiiibo;.Mies itself into the lake of Ihe same name.
I'lili uK.iiii renders tribute lo the Delroil, a broad niajes-
I' river, not less than a mile in brendlli at lis soiiree, and
|Mi;resslvi'Iy wiileniiig towards its iiionlh iiiilil it is finally
Vt ill the lie.mtiful Lake Erie. From the eniboiielmre
ll't!j|s latter lalt'' eoinmeiiei's tliet'hippawa, iH'lter kiiowi
iinllieei leliiity of ila stuiH'tidoiisfallsof Niagara, which
liiiii im imp issiilile barrier to the seaman, and, for a sliorl
, sever llie otherwise niiinlerrupted eliain eonneelinir
tTcniole fortresses wo have described witli tin' Atlaiilie.
Lt a disliiiiee of a li'w miles from the lalls, the ('liipp:iwn
IUein{>lii'H il:<elf into Ihe Oiitiirio, the most splendid
r till' Korifeous Amerlean lakes. At the oppositn ex.
Iriiiitv i)( Ibis iiiagmlieent and sea like lake, the I'lr-
limd !^t. Liwrenee laki's its source; nnd nOer passing
^rmigh a v.ist tract of eotintry, eoimeels itself with llie
uki'l'lmniphiiii, eelelirnled, Hs well us Erie, for n signal
III It III' the llritish llotilln during the late eont st with
Vraeriijiis.
I riip seveiil forts nnd harlwurs «slihli«h«d along the
1 1mnk of the ,St. Lawrrnee, and thraughnul that por-
kniifthe llnlish possrssions which is known as Lowrr
iniili.iite neeoMarily, (Vom th» impmvod condition wid
Nrw sF.gir.s — 1 1
more numerous population of that prov incc, on a larger
scale and of better appointment; but in Upper Canada,
where the traces of civilisation arc less evident through-
out, and heeunic gradually more faint as we advance
westward, the foitrcsscs and harbours bear the same pro-
portion in strength and extent to the scantiness of the
(wpnlation thoy are erected to protect.
At the epoch of our story, it will be borne in mind, the
United States were tho Urilish colonies of America de-
pendent on the mother country ; while the Canadas, on
the contrary, v.'cre, or had very recently b<en, under the
dominion of France, from whom they had been wrested
after a long struggle, greatly advanced in favour of Eng-
land by the glorious battle fought on Ihe plains of Abrn-
ham, near Quebec, and celebrated for the defeat of Mont-
calm and the death of Wolfe.
riie several attempts made lo reposKcss themselves of
tho strong hold of Quebec having, in every instance, Ikcii
met by discomfiture and disappoinlnienf, Ihe French, in
despair, relinquished the contest, nnd, by treaty, ceded
their claims to the Canadas, — an event that was hastened
by the capitulation of the garrison of Montreal, com-
manded by the Marquis de Vaudreuil, to the victorious
arms of General Amherst. Still, though conquered as a
|)Cople, many of the lending men in the country, actuated
iiy that jealousy for which they were remarkable, con-
trived to oppose obstacles lo the quiet possession of a
conquest by those whom they seemed to look upon as
their hereditary enemies ; and in furtherance of this ob-
jeet, paid agents, men of artful and intriguing character,
were disjicrsed among the numerous tribes of savnges,
with a view of exciting them to nets of hostility against
their conquerors. The long and uninterrupted |K)sscs
sion, by the French, of those countries immediately bor
derin'g on the hunting grounds and haunts of Ihe natives,
with whom they carried on nn extensive Iraflie in furs,
had established a communionship of interest belween
themselves and those savage nnd warlike |M'oplc, which
failed not lo turn lo account the vindictive views of the
former. Tho whole of the prcvhice of Upper ("aiiuda at
that time possessr'd but m scanty |>opnlation, protected in
its most tlourisliing and defensive points by stockade
forts ; the chief object of wTiieh was to secure the garri-
sons, consisting eiieh of a few companies, tVom any sud-
den surprise on Ihe part of the natives.
These stockade forts were never, at any one period,
nearer to each otlur than from one hundred and ilHy lu
two hundred miles, so thnl, in the event of surpriic or
ninrin, there was little prospect of obtniniiig assislaiice
from without. Each garrison, Ihereliire, was almost
wholly dependent on its own resources ; and, when sur-
rounded unexpectedly by nnnierims bands of hostile In-
diaiis, had no other nllernnlive llinn to hold nut lo the
death. Capitulallofl was out of the question; for,allliongh
the wile and arliliee of the natives mii;ht iliduec them lo
promise mercy, Ihe moiiient their em iiiii s were in their
power promises and Irenlies were alike broken, nnd iii-
diseriiiiinnle niassiiere ensiled. Communiinlion by water
w,t«, I'xeepl during a |K'riod of profonml pence, nlinoi.|
iiiipraelienble ; for, nltliougli of lale years the lakes of
Ciiiiaila have been eoverid willi vessels of war, ninny "I
lliem of vast inngniliide, anil lueii the Iheaties of eon-
lliets Ihat would not have ilis^'raced the salt wnlers of
iieeaii itself, at llie peiiid to wliieh our story refers tin
ling of I'liiglanil was si'eti lo wave only on the solitary
mast of some ill-nriiieil and ill. manned gun boat, employed
rallier for the purpose of conveying despnlehes from fort
lo Ibrl, than with any seiioiis view lo acts either of ag-
greshion or defence.
In |iro|Hirlion us the colonies of Ameries, now the
United .Slates, pushed tin ir course of eivilis-jlion ttesl-
waril, in the same degree did the iiimierous tribes of In.
Hans, who had liilherlo dwelt inore seaward, ictire upon
those of their own eoimlrymeii, who, Imried in vast nnd
im|icnclrnbli' forests, hud seldom yet seen Ihe flice of tin
Enro|M'nn strnoiier; so thai, in Ihe end, nil Ihe iiiorr
central psrts of those slii|K'ndons wilds lireume doubly
|S'opled. liilherlo, however, that ci\ilisntion had not Iweii
carried Is'yond llir st,i(e of New York ; nnil all those
countries wliieli linve, since the American rerolution,
iH'en added lo the Union under the imnirs of Kentucky,
Ohio, Missouri, Miehignn, Ac, wrrr, at the prrio<l em
braerd by our slory . inhospilnMe and unprnduelive woods
tiihjrri only lo the dominion ofths nflli\»,and »» yet nn
shorn by the axe of the cultivator. A few portions only
of the opimsile shores of Michigan were occupied by emi-
grants from the Canadas, who, finding no one to oppose
or molest them, selected the most fertile spots along tho
banks of the river; and of the existence of these infant
settle ncnts, the English colonists, who had never ventured
so far, were not even aware until after the conquest ol'Ca-
nada by the mother country. This particular distiict
was the centre aronnd which the nnmcroiis warriors,
who had bi'U driven westward hy the colonists, had
finally asseniuVd ; nnd rude villages nnd ei.eampmcnta
rose far and near for a circait of many miles arouiid this
infant settlement and fort of the Canadians, to liolli of
which they had given the name of Detroit, aftei the river
on whose elevated bunks they stood. Proceeding west-
ward from this point, nnd along the tract of country that
diverged from the banks of the I/aUcs Huron, Siiielnir,
and JVIichigun, all traces of that pnrlial civilisntion were
again lost in impervious wilds, tenanted only by Ihe
fiercest of the Indian trilies, whose homes were princi-
pally along the banks of Luke Snpcitor, and in the coun-
try surrounding the isolated fort of Michillimackinae, the
last and most remote of tlie European fortresses in Cs-
nnda.
When at a later period the Canadas Were Ceded to
Oreat Ufitain by France, thoje pnrls of the opposite
frontier which we have just described bceuine also liibu-
tary to the English crown, and were, by the peculiar dif-
ficullies that existed to communication with the more
central and populous districts, rendered especially f«.
vonrable to the exercise of hostile intrigue by the nume-
rous active French cinissartcs every where dispersed
among the Indian tribes. Fired by their wily sugges-
lions, the high and jealous spirit of the Indian chiefs
took the alarm, and they beheld with impatience the
Red Coat," or " Sugniiuw,"* usurping, as they deemed
it, those possessions which lind so recently acknowledged
the Buprcmaey of the pale flag of their ancient ally. Such
was the state of things in 17I1.'), the period at which our
slory eommcnccs, — an epoch fruitful in designs of hosti-
lity nnd treachery on the part of the Indians. Several
inli-rior forts situated on the Ohio had already falbn into
their hands, when they siimnienrd all their address nnd
cunning to accomplish the fall of the two important
though remote |msts of Detroit nnd MiebiHiiiiaehinne.
For a length of time Ihe^ ivere laHlcd by the nclivily
and \igilance of the respective governors of these forts,
who had had too much fatal experience in tho fate of
their companions not to be perpetually on the alert againtt
their guile ; but when they had nt length, in some degree,
succeeded in lulling the suspicions of the English, they
ilctermiiied en a scheme, suggested by a lending chief, a
man of more than ordinary character, which promised
fair lo rid them altogether of n rnce they so cordially de-
tested. We will not, however, ninr Ihe interest of our
Uile, liy nnlieipniing, nt this early stage, i itlicr ll e r. (urn
or tlie'suceess of a slrafagem which forme the i fsenlial
groundwork of our slory.
And now we have partially explained n course of
ev( Ills which were in some nieiisiire iieeessiiry lo the full
understanding of the country by Ihe majority of our
readers, we shall, in furlliernnee of the same objei I, pro-
ceed to sUeleh a few of the most proininnil scenes inor*
imiiii dialily before us.
'I"he fort of Detroit, as it was origlnully eonslrueled
by Ihe Froiieli, siniids in the middle of a Coininon, or de-
scription of sninll prnirii', Isimiiled by woods, which were
at that time imloiielicd by Hie hand ol cr\ ilisnlion. Erected
at a distanee of nlioul half a mile from the banks of llin
river, whii h at that partieulBr point are high and prcci-
pilous, it stiKsl llien just liir enough from the woods that
swept round it in a (.emieireiilar liirin lo lie secure lioin
the rille of the Indian; while from its batteries il com.
manded n range of country on every hand, which no
enemy unsnpiKirlcd by cannon could traverse with im-
punity. Iinmedinlely in Hie rear, and on Ihe skirl of the
woo<li the French had conslrurled a sort of bomh-iiriMil,
possibly intended lo serve us a cover lo Ihe worknien
originally employed in clearing the woods, but long since
suffered to fall into decay. Without Ihe fnrliftcilion rose
• This word thus pronounced by Ihemselves, in refer,
encr to the F'.nglish soldiery, is, in all probabililv, derived
from Ih* niininal F.nglish liftllirs m Pnganaw ftny.
mm
iiO. " :, 1^',.
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210
WACOU8TA, 0;j THE PKOPJIECY.
til F'l/'^v'i.
'4*': :■
h*
a strong nnd triple lino of picliets, cacti of about two fcut
and a half in circumference, and so fitted into each other
as to leave no other iiitcrsiiees than those which were
perforated for the discharge of musketry. They were
formed of the hardest and most knotted jiines tlint could
be procured ; the sharp points of which were seasoned by
fire until Ihcy acquired nearly the durability and con-
■isteney of iron. Beyond tlieso firmly imbedded pickets
was a ditch, encircling the fort, of about twenty feet in
width, and of proportionate depth, the only communica-
tion over which to and from the garrison was by meims
of a drawbridge, protected by a strong chcvaux-dc-frise.
The only gate with which the fortress was provided faced
the river; on the more immediate banks of which, and to
the left of the fort, rose the yet infant and straggling vil-
l;ige that bore the name of both. Numerous farm-lKiuscs,
however, almost joining each other, contributed to Ibrni
a continuity of many miles along the borders of the river,
l)oth on the riglil and on the left; while tlie opposite shores
of Canada, distinctly seen in llic distance, presented, as
fir OS the eye could reach, tlio same enlivening character
of fertility. The banks, covered with verdure on either
shore, wero more or less undulating at intervals ; but in
j;cn"ral they were high without being abrupt, and pic-
turesque without being bold, presenting, in tlicir partial
cultivation, a striking contrast to tlic dark, tall, and
frowning forests bonn<ling every point of the ptTspective.
At a distance of about five miles on the loft of the town
the course of the river was intcrrnpted by a small and
thickly wooded island, along whose sandy bcac:h occa-
sionally rose the low cabin or wigwam, whieli tlie birch
canoe, carefully upturned and left to dry upon the sands,
attested to l)o the temporary habitation of the wa.ulering
Indi-m. That branch of the river which swept by the
shores of Canada was (as at this day) the only navigable
one for vesselsof burden, while tlmton the opjrosite coast
abounded in shallows and bars, affording passage merely
to tlie light barks of the natives, which seemed literally
to skim the very surface of its waves. Midway Ir'-
tween that |>oint of the continent which iiiimediutcly
faced the eastern extremity of the island we have just
named and the town of Detroit, llowed a small tributary
river, the ap|iroaehes to which, on either hand, were over
a ulighlly sloping ground, the view of which couM be en-
tirely commanded from the fort. The depth of this river,
now nearly dried up, at that period varied from three to
ton or twelve feet; and over this, at a distance of nliout
twenty yards from the Detroit, into which it emptied it-
B< If, rose, communicating with the high road, a bridge,
which will more than once lie noticed in the course of
our tale. Even to the present hour it retains the name
given to it during these' disastrous times; and llieie are
few modern Ciinudinns, or even .Americans, who traverse
tlie " iiloo<ly Bridge," es|M:cially at the still hours of ad-
vanced night, wiliiout recalling to memory tlii> tragic
events of those days, (handed down us they have been by
their fathers, who were eye-witnesses of the transa<'li(in,)
and peoplhig the surrounding gloom with tlie shades of
those whose life-lilood erst criinsDiied Ihi- miec^ pure w atirs
of thai nnw nearly exhausted stream; and whose mangled
and headless corses were slowly borne by its tranipiil eiir-
reut inio llie Isi-iMin of the parent liver, where all traces
ol tlii'Mi llinlly clisapprareil.
What Detroit was in 17(!3 it nearly Is at Ihn prescnl
day, with llii< diH'creiie •, liimeMr, tlial iraiiy nl' tlm-i'
jHiints whii li were then in a great ile^ree isnlitdl ii;id
rucli! „ie now reilulent with llie bini fi( ent elVeets of iiii-
pnived eullivalioii ; ami In Ihe i.nin( iliale vieinily of thai
miiuoralile liridgi', where f()rin<'rly flood merely the oe-
ea^i<lllal ciicatniiment of Ijii' Indian warrior, ari' now to
hi' n( 11 n'iiirisliiii:r farms and rrnpH, nnd other marlvs ol
ngiieulHiral induslry. Al llic liiii,| resi^ioii of the ('alia.
d.lH, llic I'.irl wai delivrnd nver to Ilnglaiid, willi wIkuii
it rem lined until (lioac'.uirrA; il^'Dirnt of llie liidcpiiiil.
rnii' III Ihn eiilimies by the mother country, wli;;n it
lioiitcd thu culuura uf tlio republic
crrAi'TKu II.
It w«« during the miilniglit waleli, lite in Hcpteuilxr,
ITIil, that Ihe Ivigli-li garrison of Delroil, wasllirimii
into III!' iilinost coiflernalion by tlv sudden nnd inysle.
riout iiitroduetion of n stranger within Its walls. The
rireiiiislnnee at this moment was partieulnfly remnrkn-
hie ; for the |M'rioil was ho fearfiu and pregnant with
event 1 of danger, tho lort bring nsmiiled on every side
hy tt \> iwcrfiil ami vindlolivo fiw, that a eaiitlon nnd vigi.
Unc I 01° no eoiniiion kind were uneeasingty ex- reised
hy the prudent governor ibr tho safely of Ihoso conimil-
lud to his ehnrge. A Iomi; scries of himlililie.4 Iind iH'cn
pursued by Ihv Nurtli .\iiierictiii Iiidimis ugiiinst the
subjecta of England, within tho few years that had buc-
cceded to the final subjection of tlic Conadas to her vic-
torious arms ; and many and sanguinary were the con-
flicts in which the devoted soldiery were made to succumb
to the cunning and numbers of their savage enemies. In
those lone regions, both olliccrs cnil men, in their re-
spective ranks, were, by a eommunionship of suffering,
isolation, and peculiarity of duty, drawn towards <!neh
otiier with feelings of almost frulernnl affection; and the
fates of those who fell were lamented witli sincerity of
soul, and avenged, w hen opportunity offered, with a dc-
termination prompted equally by indignation nnd des-
|iair. This sentiment of union, existing even lictween
men nnd officers of ditlereiit corps, was, willi occasional
exceptions, of course doubly strengthened among tliose
who fought under tho same colours, and acknowledged
the same head ; and, as it often happened in Cnnadn,
during this interesting period, that a single regiment was
distributed into two or three fortresses, each so far re-
moved from tlic other that communication could with
the utmost facility be cut off, llie anxiety mid uneer.
tahity of these detaclimenls l>eeame pro|)ortioned to tlie
danger willi which they knew themselves to he more
immediali'ly beset. The garrison of Uetruit, at the dale
above nunied, consisted of u third of the reg'.iient,
the remainder of which occupied the forts of Mieliilli-
nittckinac and Niagara, and to each division of this regi-
ment was attached an officer's command of artillery. It
is true that no i.iiiiiediiite evert act of hostility had for
some lime been perpetrated by the Indians, who were
assembled in force around the former garrison ; hut the
exiK'rieneed officer to whom the command hud been in-
trusted was too sensible of the craftiness of the surrouiid-
ng hordes to be deceived, hy any outward semblance of
amity, into neglect of those measures of precaution
wliicli were so indispensable to the surity of his trust.
In this lie pursued a line of policy happily adapted to
tlic delicate nature of his position. Unwilling to excite
tho onger or wound the pride of the chiefs, liy any out-
ward manifestation of dislrnsl, he olVeeted to confide in
the sincerity of their iirofessions, and, by inducing his
otticers to mix occasionally in their councils, and his
men in tho amusements of the inferior warriors, con-
trived to impress the conviction that he re|iosed alto-
gether on Iheir luitli. But, although these acts were in
some degree coerced liv the necessity of the times, and
a jierfeet knowledge of all the misery that must accrue
to them in the event of their provoking the Indians into
acts of open hostility, Ihe piiKlent govi rnor took sueli
precautions us were ileeiinil ellieient to defeat any
treiuheroiis attempt ul violation of the tueit Iriiily en Ihe
part of the natives. 'J lie olheers never ventured out,
unless eseorUd by a porlinii of their men, who, altliough
appearing to be dispersed iiiming the warriors, still kept
siillieii nlly together to be ( iiabled, in n monient ofeiiier-
geiiey, to alVord siieeiair not only to each other, but to
Ihfir superiors. On these oceasiiins, lis a further secu-
rity against surprise, Ihe Inn |is lel\ within wire iiistruel-
ed to be in readiness, at a nioiiienl's warning, to render
assi.-.tani e, it' necessary, to tlirir eoMipr.niiiiis, who sel-
dom, on liny oieasion, vinlured out i* reach of the can-
iWiii of the fiirt, llii' gate of whiili was herinelieally
closed, while iiiiiiKrous siiperiiiiiiii'rary senliiiils were
jHisted iiliiiig tlie ranipai'ls,. villi a \ii'W togi\c' tlie nl inn if
any thing < \traiirdiiiary was observed to oei nr witliout.
I'liiiiliij nnd l^1ras^illg 11s were thi^ preeaiitloiiH it was
nuiiid nerrssary to ixli pt on these 01 easions, and litth'
lii'siiiiiis ns were llu' garrison to miiijle with the natives
on su'h linns, still l.'u' plan uas piir-.ued by the ^nver-
iiorfiMii Uiv jioliiy uli'i illy iiameil : nay, it was nli.o-
liili Iv essniliiil to tlic Culuie inUrcKts of Kngliind tliat
tlic iiidian sliniild he won over by uits of cntilid.nee
and kiiidiicss; anil -.o little ilispiisilinn had hlllicrlo Ixcn
iiianifisti d by tlu' r.-iu'li-li to eimcili.jc, that i m ry lliin;;
waM 111 be npprehcnilcil from llie luilaiiie.ilile ram cur
with ivliiih lliese people were but Ino will disposed lo
repiy a 11 ^leet nl omo galling to their pride and iiijii.
i.aiM lo 111! ir iiitcrcstf,
Sill li, fur n term of many months, hnd littn tho trying
and piiiifiil duty that bail devolved nti tlin j^nvi riior cil
I) triiil; wlun, in the suminir of I'll.'!, the ulmle of the
west! rn tribes of Indians, as if nitiiatcd by nne eniiiiiuin
impulse, HMil.lciily threw olf the mask, nnd coiiiiiieiieeil
a seriiH ill" ihr must suvage trespasses upon llic I'.iiglisli
selllrrs ill the vieinily of llie n urnl garrisons, whowi re
cut off ill detnil, witliout inerey, and without reference
lo either uge or sex. Oii the lii>t ularin the wink bndiis
of Irooiis, ns a last measure of security, shut themselves
up in their n'Sjiedivo fiirls, where lliry were as inenpn-
l.lc of rendering nssislnneu to otliers us of receiving it
lliemselves. In this cineri[cney the prudincQ and lore
thought of tho governor of Detroit wcro eminently (^n.
spiciiuiiB; fer, hariiig long foreseen tho possibilitv of
rueh a crisis, he had canred a plentiliil supply of uHHigt
was necessary to the subsistence and defence of llic j-jf.
lison to be provided at an earlier period, so that, if I'oJlfj
in their attempts at stratagem, there was little elianct
that the Indians would speedily reduce them hy funiine,
'I'o (funrd against tlic former, a vigilant watch was ten.
slantly kept by tlie garrison both day and night, wlii;„
Ihe sentinels, doubled in number, were constantly on Die
nierl. Strict attention, moreover, was paid to sueh purii
of the rnmpnrts ns were considered most assnilalilo bj
a cunning nnd midnight enemy ; and, in order to pre.
vent any imprudence on the port of the garrison, [|;
egress or ingress wns prohibited tlint had not the iiiin.t.
diatc sinction of the chief. With this view the kcjg of
the gnle were given in trust to the officer of the guard'
to whom, however, it wns interdicted to use llicm unli-.i
by direct nnd positive order of tiie governor. In addi.
lion to this precaution, the sentinels en duty at the nti
had strict private inti ructions not to suffer any eiu to
pass cillier in or out unless conducted by the govcrnot
in I'.erson : and this restriction extended even to the offi.
cer of the guard.
Such being tho cautious discipline estublished in Ijie
fort, the appearance of a stranger within its walls at [y
still hour of miihiight could not fail to be regarded an an
extraordinary event, nnd to excite an upprchcnsiin
which eould scnteely have been surpassed had a nuiiicr.
ous and ormed bund of savages suddenly appujreil
among them. Tlie first intimation of this foci «u
given by the violent ringing of an alartmbell ; a rwi:
coiiimunicnling with which wns suspended in the (jovn.
nor's apartments, for the purpose of arousing the slum.
Iiering soldiers in any case of pressing emcrgonrr.
Soon afierwards tJie governor himself wns seen to m\x
from his rooms into the opi'n area of tlic parade, clad in
his dressing-gown, and bearing a lamp in one hand nj
a naked sword in the other. His countenance was ft't-
and his features, violently ngitutcd, betrayed a scurct of
alarm whieli those who were familiar with his imi]
'laugliliiiess of manner were ill able lo comprelicnil.
" Which way did ho go ? — why stand ye here ?— fo|.
ow — pursue him quickly — let him not escape, on you
lives I" These sentcnees, hurriedly and impatiently ul.
tered, were addressed to the two sentinels who, sUitiomj I
in front of his aparlmenls, hud, on the first sound ofl
nlarni I'roni the portentous licll, lowered their miiskrlMol
the charge, and now stood immoveable in that jiosilioB
" Who decs your homnir inane?" replied one ofllitl
men, startled, ytt bringing his arms to recover, in saliili. |
lien of his eliief.
" Why, the man — the stranger— the fellow who hul
just - issed you." " Not a living soul has pa.««d ml
since niir wnldi eomniineeil, your honour," olisirirdllnl
second sentinel ; " und «e have now been here ii|nviiril
ol" an hour." r
" linpossilile, sirs : ye liavo Isen asleep on your \mi.\
or ye must have reeii him. He pnsseil this way, iiii<|
cdiild not have esenpid your observation had ye hitnilT
l( nlive lo your duly." I
" Well, sure, nnd your honour knows hist," rriiiiwl
ll.c first senlinel ; " liiil so hilp me St. IVitriek, nn I It
ii'fd ninn nnd Imy in yi iir hdnour's rigiiiHiil ll,
iwilve yenrs, not even the filch of n man hns passid rJ
this Missed night. And here's my eomraile, Jiiik II.
il'iil, who will take his Bible onlli lo the same, willi :
line diliriiK e lo your honour." The pilhy reply In liaj
elc.|ueiit iillem|it il exciil|)alion whb a brief " Siliiml
sirrah, walk iilimit I"
'lie men bnniiilil their nmskels nnro ninrr, nul
fih :11c, to the slioiildi r, end, in olici'i.iKe to Ilii' i'i|
Miniid of till ir rliicf, rcMiiiiid their liiiiiled walk; a
iiiir c ach i.tliiT al ngiilar intervals in the rniirn' it
I iililadcd, as it were, lliu only 11. trance lo the govimi
aparliiii'iils. '
.Mc.inwhilo every thing wns hustle nnd ennimnlJ
lining the (,arrisiiii, who, iiiu.sid fnun sb'cp liyllicil
I'nlliiig sound of tlic alarm hi II nt thai lute li(iiir,im
lia-tily nriiiiiig. Tliriiii''li(int the ohseurity niithlli
seen the Hitting liii ins ol men, wlin«i nlreiidy fiilltnl
eiinlrcd |H'r.M.iiH priHliiiined tin in to he of tlir piii
while in the lofty barrneks, minieroiis lights tlnnliinfj
i.iid I'm, nnd moving with rapidity, nltested llie nkt^
Hitli which the Irisips off duly were equipping for »
service d" more llinii urilinnry interest. SonoiselmM
.U'^ this pre|iarulioii, ns fur ns s|H'ecli wns rmirnn
tlinl Ihe oeensionnl opening nnd sliiitling of |iiiiii,ii|
ringing of raiiiriMls lo niieirlnin the efmicniy uf (I
iiiuslicts, iiiight Ih< heard illsllnetly in Ihe slillmin ofl|
night ut n disluiuo uf many liirluii|;s.
WACOITSTA, on THE mOPIlECV.
■0 ciiiiiicntly con.
llio poasibilitv of
tiiipply of lU'iIiji
cfcncc of till' |;at.
i, EC tliot, if I'oiM
was little chniice
• them by funiine.
nl watch was ten.
I and night, kU%
} constantly on tlie
i paid to such patu
moist asunilaWi; bj
id, in order to |irt.
if the garrison, d;
had not the innr.c.
is view the keys of
nicer of the guurd;
to use (hem unlw |
jTovcrnor. In aiii-
en duty at ttic gaic
) snfTer any unc to I
t'd by the govcrnoi
idcd even to thi; uffi.
c cstul.lishcd in llit |
rithin its walls tl lb
to be rcgiirded m an
ito an nppichcnvioii
passed had a numer.
1 suddenly apptural
on of tins fact «u 1
n alurm»bf 11 ; a ro|«:
xpended in the (rnvci.
of arousing tlic slnm.
pressing cmcrgfiifj.
self was seen to isfue I
of tlic parade, clad in I
lamp in one hand ml
jountenancc wts p«l»; I
, betrayed a source d I
miliar with hia m\\ |
jIc to comprehend.
y stand ye hero ?-fol. I
im not escape, on you I
Jly and impatiently «i. I
sentinels who, Rttiliomi I
Ion the first eoimd dl
„ered their ninslirl»li|
cubic in that imsiliot
1 I" replied one of Iht I
ns to recover, in mIuU.
: the fellow who hul
Houl has parsed «l
lionour," oliserMdtbtl
ow been here npnitikl
n at<leep on your \m\
• pnsnd Ibis way, lui^l
rviition bad ye ktnitl
knows biKi," riwiiKj|
' SI. I\ilriek, nii 1'
oniiiir's riRiineiil
' n man bus piisseil nl
ly CDniriide, Jaek 11.1"
III the same, wil
'he pithy reply In
WiiB a brief " Sil
IctR nnrr more, ntiJ a
yi«'('K'ii((^ I" till' "I
Ir limilril wnlk;
IiU in the cniirM' lU
Iriuico to the i;civi rn
Ibiislle nnd eouiiml
Tfrmn fleep liy Hif •'
lit I bill lute hour,
iibseiirily niii'M
_,|m>ii> nlreiidv fulli
1,1 to !«• of ill"' C""
Trciiis liirbls tlanlimt
|y, attexti il lli« ">»
leie e<Hlipi>iii|l •""'
lirenl. So iHiiwlen
[|H li was eomit
1 Bbiilling of l«i";
J the effleieneyiif
ly ill the ■tillin'M <^'
He however, who liad touched tlie secret spring of all
this p'icturesiiuc movement, whatever might bo liis grati-
fication and approval of tlio promptitude with which the
Bumnions to arms had been answered by his brave
troo|)3, was for from being wholly satisfied with the
scene lie had conjured up. Recovered from the first and
irrepressible agitation which had driven him to sound
die tocsin of alarm, he felt how derogatory to his mili-
tarv dignity and proverbial coolness of chariictor it mijrht
be coiLsidered, to have awakened a whole garrison from
iheir slimibcrs, when a few files of the guard would
have answered his pur|mse eciually well. Desides, so
niucli time had been suffered to ela|)se, that the stranger
niit'lit have esca|)cd; and if so, how r.inny might be dis-
posed to ridicule his alarm, and consider it as enianuting
IVoin an imagination disturbed by sleiip, rather than
eaiiaed by the actual presence <d"onc endowed like tlieni-
selves with the faculties of s|)eeeli and motion. For a
moment he hesitated whether he should not counttTinaiid
llie suuHiions to arms which had lioen so precipitately
(riven; but when he recollecled the harrowing threat
that had Ijc'-n breathed in his ear by his inidniglit visit-
er— when he rerteetcd, moreover, that even now it was
probable he was lurking within the precincts of the fort
with a \ iew to the ilestruetion of all that it contained, —
when, in short, he thought of the imminent danger that
must attend them should he be sutVered to «sea|K', — he
felt the necessity of prccuution, and determuied on his
measures, even at the risk of manifesting a prudence
which might be construed unfavourably. On re-entering
his apartments, ho found his orderly, who, rDuscd by the
midnight tumult, stood waiting to receive the eoinmands
of his chief.
" Desire Major Illackwutcr to come to me inuncdiatc-
ly." The mandate was quickly ob<^yed. In a lew se-
conds a short, thick set, and elderly olfieer made his ap-
pearance in a grey military undress frock.
I » Blackwater, wo have traitors within the fort. Let
diligcnf. search be made in every part of the barracks for
a stranger, an enemy, who has managed to procure nd-
j miltance among us :' let every nook ojid cranny, every
loaipty cask, l>e examined forthwith ; and cause a nuni-
lier of Bilditional sentinels to be stationed along the ram-
parts, in order to intercept his csca|)e."
"Good heaven, is it possible ?" said the major, wiping
the perspiration from hia brows, though the night was
junusually chilly for the B<'a8oii of the year ; — " how
[could he contrive to enter a place so vigilantly guarded/"
"Ask nie nut Aow, HIackwttter," returned the govir-
Inor, seriously ; " let it sulfico that he has luen in this
lery room, and that ten minutes since he stood where
fun now stand."
The mujor looked aghast. — " Ood bless nie, how sin-
fular! liow could the savage contrive to oblaiii ad-
mission? or was he in reality an Indian /" " No niori
jueslions. Major Illaekwjti'r. Ilasten to distribute the
niu, and lit diligent search Im: made every wlierej nnil
LCdlleet, neither olfieer nor man courts his pillow until
lawn."
The " major" emphatienlly prefixed to his name was
HilVuiiiit hint to the stout ollieer that the doubts thus
luiliarly expressed were here to ei-ase, and that be was
')x>w udilressed in the language of authority by his hu-
I'flor, will) expected a ilireet and prompt eiimpliunee
ritli his orders. He therelbre sliglilly louelii il liis hat
sidutation, and withdrew In make the dis|Hisltiuns that
id Isen I'lijoined by his enlonel.
(In ri'Kaining the parade, he caused the men, already
[icniinir into companies and uiiswering to the roll inll of
rlr reK|Krlive ni>ii-enmmissii)ni'd olfieers, to Ik' wliicl-
inlosiinare, and llien in n 1"W bnl dislinel v.ici
■till the cause of alarm ; and, having eiimmmiliali il
^e orilirs nf the governor, finished by reeomminiliiig I
Jell the exereisi' of the most serutinl^•ing vigilance ; ns
the ilisenvery of the iiiiliviihinl in iinisliim, ami tin
i'ans hy wliieli he had ecintriveil lo prornre nclniissiim,
I sufi'ly of the wlioh^ gn'rriHim, it was evident, niusi
t{H'iid.
The snliliirs now dispersed in small pirlies tlirimgh-
|l the i»t( ih>r of the fort, while a silii't b"ily wire
iidmli'il til the nimparls by the <iMiierslbi iii..rln'!i, iinti
iilriliulcd Islwirti llie sinlinels iilrindy jiosti il thire, in
ill nuinlsrs, and at suili dislnnee;!, thai it np|H'nreil
limmihle any thing wearing the human form niulil pass
nn nn|sreeived, even in tliu obseurily that reigned
mind.
[Winn this (Inly was neenmpIiMlieil, the ofiieerH pro-
rdiHllnthe |kwIs of the several wnlinels who had Is-en
d KMiee till' last relief, to nneri in i( nny or < illirr
[ihi'iii had nlwervnl might to pisliiv Ihe liclnf llial nil
nny had luccecdcd in scoiing thv works. 'I'u nil Iheir
enquiries, bnv.e.er, they received a negative reply, ac-
coinpanied by n dc'claration, more or less (Kisitive with
each, that such hud been their vigilance during the
watch, had any |K)rson come within their beat, detection
must have been inevitable. The first question was put
to the sentinel stationed at the gate of the Ibrt, at which
point the whole of tlie officers of the garrison were, with
one or two exceptions, now assembled, 'i'lie man at first
evinced a good deal of confusion; but tliis might arise
from the singular fact of the alarm that had been given,
and the equally singular circumstance of his lieing thus
closely interrogated by the collective body of his olfieers:
he, however, per.sistcd in declaring that he liad b<!cn in
no wise inaltentive to his duty, and that no cause for
aliirin or suspicion hud occurred near his post. The
iilKcera then, in order to save time, separated into two
parties, pursuing opposite circuits, and urranging to meet
at that point of the ramparts which was iniiiiediutely in
tlie rear, and overlooking the centre of the semieiiculur
sweep of wild forest we have described as circumventing
the fort.
" Well, Dlcssington, I know not what you think of
this sort of work," observed 8ir Kverard Vullulorl, a
young lieutenant of the regiment, recently ar-
rived from Unglund, and one of the party who now tra-
versed the rampart to the right ; " but conlbund me if I
would not ratlier be a barber's apprentice in London,
upon nothing, and find myself, than continuu u lili; of
this khid much longer. It positively quite knocks me
uj); for what with early risings, and watehings, (I had
almost added prayings,) I uiu but the shadow of my iiir-
nier self."
" Hist, Valletort, hist ! speak lower," said Captain
Ulessiiigton, the senior olfieer present, " or our seureh
must be in vain. I'oor fellow !" he pursued, laugliing
low and good hiimouredly nt the picture of miseries
thus solemnly enumerated by his sukiUern ; — " how
much, in truth, are you to be pitied, who have so recent-
ly basked in all the sunshine of enjoyment at home. For
our parts, we have lived so long amid these savage
jccnes, that wc have almost forgolttn what luxury, or
even eoinibrl, means. Doubt not, my friend, that in
time you will, like us, be reconciled to the change."
" Confound me fiir an idiot, then, if 1 give myself
time," replied Sir Kverard, ollectidly. " It was only
five ininutes iH'fore that cursed alarm b( II was sounded
in my ears, that I had made up my iniiul fully to resign
orexehaiigc the instant I could do so with credit to my-
self; and, 1 am sure, to lie culled out of a warm bed iil
this unseasonable hour oilers little iiidueement for mo to
change my opinion."
" l{esigii or exchange willi eicdit io yoiirfeiri" sullen-
ly observed a stout lull ofiictr of ulnmt filly, whose
spleen might well be ncdinnted for in his rank of " Kn-
sign" Deline. " Methiiiks there can be little credit in
exehuiiging or resignini,', when one's coinpani(Uis are
h'll behind, and in a po^t of duiigir."
" Uy Jasus, and ye may say that with your own
pritly mouth," remurked nnolher veteran, who answered
to till' name of I.ieutetianI Murpliy ; " for it !..n't now,
while we are sinrnuiuUd and bedivilcd by the savages,
that nny man of the rigiment should bu ullei
lallung of baling a retrale."
" 1 scarcely undirstaiid yon, genllenien," warmly and
quickly retorted Sir Muraid, who, with all his duiulyism
and eli'eminaey of iiianmr, was of a high and resolute
spirit. " Do I ilher of yim I'uney that 1 want conrii'^i' to
liieo a positive danger, hi eiiiise I may not happen lo
have ;iny pailiriil.ii- viilijai' pri'ilileili' ii liir early rising 7"
" Noll I'lise, Valli'InrI, nonsi use," intiirnpled, in ae-
eiiils iifahnosl liiiiiiiiiii' swi ctii'sv, his iVieiid l.ii uli'iianl
I 'li.iile- ill' IliiUlimar, the ymm^ri st son of the governor :
" Mnrpliy i.s an i li rn il eelio of llie opinions of tliosr
who bulk forward to promiilion ; and as fur Delnie — do
ynu not seethe drill of his observatiiin f Should you
relire, as yiiii have llirealened, of course iinulher lieu
I iinnt will be nppoinlicl in your sti ud ; but, should you
ihanii' III liise yniir scalp during the slriiggle with tlie
savugiH, Ihe step goes 111 the regiiiiiiil, niiil he, being
the sillier ensign, oliluinn piomoliiui in eimsi quince."
" Ah 1 " iiliM'rved Caplain Ifiessiiigloli, "Ibis is indeed
the grralrst ein-hi' alluelii d In Ihe proll'ssion of a soldier.
I'^veii among llmse who iniwt esteem, and are dr.iwn lo
wards eui'h oilier as well by li lliiwslii|i in pleasure as
eiimpatiiimsliip ill diinger. Ibis vile nnil ilebasing priiiei-
ph'— this insatiable (bsire fiir perBonal advnneeiiienl— is
certain lo inlnide itself; since we fi el Ihal over the
mangled bislies of our denresl friends and eiiuqionions.
we can ulonr hope b> allain prrfi roiinl anil di'tinelion."
'I'lin eiMiversrtlion, iiitorriiplfil only by neenNional
qiieationini; of the M'niuiel* whom tliry jmsied in their
circuit, was carried on in an audible whisper, which the
close approximation of the parties to each oilier, and tlio
profound stillness of tlio night, enabled tlieni to hear
with distinctness.
When the conversation dropped, the party pursued
their course in silence. They had just passed the Inst
sentinel [rosted in their line of circuit, and were within a
few yards of the immediate rear of tlie fortress, when a
sliurp " Hist !" and sudden halt of their leader. Captain
Dlcssington, threw tlieni all into an altitude of the most
profound attention.
" Did you hear ?" he asked in a subdued whisper, after
a fi'W seconds of silence, in which he had vainly sought
to catch a repetition of the sound.
" Assuredly," he pursued, finding that no one answer.
eil, " I dislinctly heard a human groan." " Where? —
in w hat direction ?" asked Sir Everord and De Iluldimar
in Ihe same luealh.
" Innneditttely opposite to u.i on the common. Jhit
see, here are the reniaintJer of tlie party stationary, and
lisleniiig also."
'I'liey now stole gently forward k few paces, and were
soon at the side of their companions, ill of whom wero
straining their necks and bending tlicir heads in the atti-
tude of men listening attenlively.
"Have you heard anything, Erskinc?" asked (!ap.
lain Klessingtoii in the same low whisper, and addrcss-
ng the olfieer who led the op|)o»itc party.
" Not a sound ourselves, but hero is Sir Everard'n
black servant, Sambo, who has just riveted our attention,
by declaring that he distinctly heard a groan towards
the skirt of the common." " He is right," hastily rejoin-
d UlcBsington ; " I heard it also."
Again a death-like silence ensued, during which tho
yes of the party v\ere strained eagerly in the jlircction
of the common. Tho night was clear and starry, yet tlio
dark shadow of the brood belt of forest threw all that
|iart of tlio waste which came within its immediato
range into impenetrable obscurity.
" Do you see any thing I" whispered Valletort to his
friend, who stood next liim ; " look — look I" and ho
Diiinteil witli his finger. " Nothing," relumed De Iliil-
diniar, alter an anxious guzo of a minute, " but tliut
dilapidated old bomb-proof."
' See you not something dark, and slightly moving,
immediately in a line willi the lel\ angle of the Isimb-
proof?" Do Ilaldimar looked again. " I do be(;iii to
fancy I see s'lmelhing," he riplied; " but so conluscdly
mill indistiiiclly, that I know not whether it be not merely
an illusion of my imagination. I'erhapa it is a biruy
Indian dug (kvonruig the carcass of the wolf you shot
yeslei'day."
" He it d.ig or devil, liert! is for a trial of his vulncra-
liility. Sambo, quick, iiiy rille."
The youii^ negro liamled to his master one of llioso
long heavy rifies, which the Indians usually make choici-
of li>r killing the liufi'alo, elk, and other animals who^
wililness icnihrs them difficult of approach, lie then,
unbidden, and as if tutored to thu ta.sk, placed hiiiisilfiii
a si ill' upright position in front of his muster, with ivery
iii'i've and muscle biaccd to the most inllexiblc steadiiu ss.
The young olfieer next threw the tifie on Ihe right
shoulder of the boy for n rest, and prepared lo lake his
aim on the object that had first attracted his atteiilion.
" .Make haste, niassa, — him go directly, — Suiiibo sec
hill) g( t up."
All was breathless nttention ninong the group of nfii-
eein; anil when the sharp tii king sound prnduei d by
the coeking of the riile of their eiimpanion fill on their
ears, they bent Iheir gaze uisin the point towards « liii li
the niinderous weaiwii was levelled witli tho most iiehiiiK
and intense interest.
"IJiiiek, quick, masso, — him quite up," again whi».
IM'reil the lioy.
The words bad scarcely pussed his lips, when llin
crack of tlie ril'e, IhIImwciI by a brit'lil blaze of light,
snuiiiled tlirouglioiil tho ilillness of thi' liiuht w illi e\-
eitiiig sharpni'ss. For an ii..laiit iill was iiuslied; but
searirly had the distant woimIs ceased to reverberule tho
spiiit.slirring ei'hoes, when the anxious group of olfieers
wire snrpr'seii and slnrtled by a sudden llnsli, llie report
of II seeiinil rilie from the eoiiimon, and the v^ Iii7,/.tng of
a bullet past Iheir ears. This was iiislanlly succeeded
by a firree, wild, niid prolonged cry, expressive ut oneo
of Irinnipb and ri venge, Il was that |ieculiar cry wliieli
nn Indian utlera when the reeking scalp Imi iKcn
wrested from his murdered victim.
" Missed him, as I am a sinner," rxelaimrd Sir Tvp.
rnrd, springing to his lii t, and knocking the bull of Ida
iifie on the ground with a mnvemrnl of impnlienee.
" SnmUi, yon young »eoundrrl, il wn» all your fliull,—
ill P^m'^:^^')!
4 ■ ';''.;l'
,'v'''">''
,■11.1
' ' '', <
.'.to*
'H
212
WACorsTA, on the prophecy.
■::Xi:>
'■%
1']
you moved your shoulder as I pulled the trigger. Thank
heaven, however, the aim ol" the Indian appears to have
been no better, although the sharp whistling of his ball
proves his picpe to have been well levelled for a random
shot.
His aim has been too true," faintly pronounced the
voice of one somewhat in the rear of his companions,
" The ball of the villain has found a lodgment in my
breast. God bless ye all, my boys ; may your fates be
more lucky tlian mine !" While he yet spoke. Lieuten-
ant Murphy sank into the arms of BIcssington and De
Ilaldimar, who had flot^n to him at tlie first intimation
of his wound, and was in the next instant a corpse.
CHAPTER III.
" To your companies, gentlemen, to your companies
on the instint. There is treason in the fort, and we had
need of all our diligence and caution. Captain dc Hal-
dimar is missing, and the gate has been found unlocked.
Quick, gentlemen, quick ; even now the savages may be
around u.f, though unseen."
" Capfciin de Haldimar missing ! — the gate unlocked !"
exclaimed a number of*oices. "Impossible! — surely
wo are not Iretrayed by our own men." "The sentinel has
boon relieved, and is now in irons," resumed the com-
municator of tills startling picco of intelligence. It was
the adjutant of the regiment.
" .\way, gentlemen, to your posts immediately," said
Captain BIcssington, who, aided liy IJc Haldimar, hastened
to deposit the stiffening body of the unfortunate iMurphy,
which they still supported, uiion the rampart. Then
addressing the adjutant, " Mr. Lawson, let a couple of
files be sent immediately to remove tlie body of tlieir
officer."
" That shot which I heard from the common, as I ap-
proached, was not fired at random, then, I find," ob-
served the adjutant, as they all now hastily descended to
join their men, " Who has fallen ?" " Alurpliy, of the
grenadiers," was the reply of one near him.
"Poor fellow! our work commences birily," resumed
Mr. Lawson : " Murphy killed, and Captain de Haldimar
missing. We hud lew officers enough to spare belbre,
and their loss will be severely felt ; I greatly fear, too,
these casualties may have a tendency to discourage the
men."
" Nothing more easy than to supply their place, by
promoting some of our oldest sergeantH," observed En-
sign Delme, who, as well as the ill-fated Murphy, had
risen from the ranks. " If they behave themselves well,
the king will confirm their api>ointincnts."
" But my poor brother, what of him, Lawson ? what
have you leiirnt Connected with his disappearance ?"
asked Charles de Haldimar with deep emotion. " No-
thing satisfactory, I am sorry to say," returned the ad-
jutant: '*in fact, the whole affair is a mystery which no
one can unravel ; even at this moment the sentinel,
Frank Halloway, who is strongly suspected of being
privy to his disappearance, is undergoing b private ex-
amination by your father the governor."
" Frank llalloway I" repeated the youth with a start
of astonishment ; " surely Hullowny could never prove a
traitor, — md especially to my brother, whoso life he
once saveil at the peril of his own."
Tlic oflicers had now gained the parade, when the
" Fall in, gentlemen, fall in," quickly pronounced by
Major niackwater, prevented all further questioning on
the part oftlie younger De Haldimar. The scene, though
rircumsrribcd In limit, was picturesc|ue in ctfecl, and
inriglit have been happily illustrated hy the (xMieil of the
painter. The inimeditite area of the parade was filled
witl) armed men, dislriliutid into three divisions, and
forming, with their rcs|K)Ctivo ranks fueing outwards,
as iiiaiiy sides of a hullow scpinre, Ihc mode of defence
invariabfy adopted by the governor In all cases of sudden
alarm.
In a few miiinles fiom the falling in of the officers
with their resjieclive companies, the clank of irons wns
heard in the direction of the guard-room, and several
forms were seen slowly odvancing into the area already
occupied as we have doacrilxid. 'i'his party was proceeded
by the Adjutant Ixiwson, who, advancing towards Major
HhekwatPT, cninmimieated a message, that was followed
by the eominand of the latter offleer tor the three divisions
to lace in\yards. The officer of artillery also gave the
word to his men to form lines of single files immediately
in the rear of their re«|Miclive guns, leaving space ennugli
for the entrance of the appmaehing party, which eon-
■iated I '' half a do»rn files of the guard, under a non-
eommiasinned ollieer, and one whom manaeled limbs,
rather thui his iinaccoutred uniform, ntti'itoil liim lo be
not merely a prisoner, but a prisoner eontined for some
serious and flagrant ottbnce.
This party now advanced through the vacant quarter
of the S(]uare, and took their stations immediately in the
centre. Here the countenances of each, and particularly
that of the prisoner, who was, if we may so term it, tlie
centre of that centre, were thrown into strong relief by
the bright glare of the torches, bo tiiat the features of the
prisoner stood revealed to those around as plainly as if it
had been noon day. Not a sound, not a niurniur, escaped
from the ranks: but, though the etiquette and strict laws
of military discipline chained all speech, the workings of
the inward mind remained unchecked ; anil as they re-
cognised in the prisoner Frank llalloway, one of tlic
bravest and boldest in the field, and, as all had hitherto
imagined, one of the most devoted to his duty, an irre-
pressible thrill of amazement and dismay crept through,
out the frames, and lor a moment blanched tlie cheeks o!
those especially who belonged to the same company. On
licing summoned from their fruitless search aller the
stranger, to fiiU in witiiout delay, it hi.d been whispered
among the men that treason had crept into the fort, and
a traitor, partly detected in his crime, had been arre^ted
and thrown into irons : but the idea of Frank Halloway
being that traitor was the last that could have entered
into their thoughts, and yet they now lichi^ld him covered
with every mark of ignominy, and about to answer his
high offence, in all human probability, with his life.
With the olKcers the reputation of llalloway for courage
and fidelity stood no less high ; but, while they secretly
lamented the circumstance of his detalcation, tlicy eonld
not disguise from themselves the almost certiiinty of his
guilt, for each, as ho now gazed upon the prisoner, recol-
lected the confusion and hesitation of manner ho had
evinced when questioned by them preparatory to their
ascending to the ramparts.
Once more the suspense of the moment was interrupted
by the entrance of other forms into the area. They were
those of the adjutant, followed by a drummer, bearing
his instrument, and the governor's orderly, charged with
pens, ink, paper, and a book which, from its peculiar
form and colour, every one present knew to be a copy of
the articles of w.-ir. A variety of contending emotions
passed through the breasts ot many, as they witnessed
the silent progress of those jircparations, rendered pain-
fully interesthig by the peculiarity of their position, and
the wildness of the hour at which they thus found tlieni-
selvcs assembled together. The prisoner himself was
unmoved : he stood proud, calm, and fearless, amid tlie
guard, of whom he had so recently formed one ; and
though his eoimtenance was pale, as inueh, perhaps,
from a sense of the ignominious character in which he
appeared ns from more private considerations, still there
was nothing to denote cither the iihjoetiiessof fear or the
consciousness of merited disgrace. Once or twice a low
sobbing, that proceeded at intervals from one of the bar-
rack windows, caught his ear, and he turned his glance
in that direction with a restless anxiety, which he exerteil
himself in the instant allerwards to repress; but this was
the only mark of emotion he belrnyed.
The above dls|x)»ilinus having been hastily made, the
adjutant and his assistants once more retired. Afler the
lapse of a minute, a tall in irtinl-looking man, habited in
a blue inilit:iry frock, and of handsome, though stern,
haughty, and Intlcxilile features, entered the area. He
wasliillowed by Miijor Hlackwatcr, the captain of artillery,
and i^djlllant Lawson.
"Are the garrison all present, Mr. Lawson 7 arc the
officers all present /"
"AllexeepI those of the guard, sir," replied the adjutant,
Innching his hot with a subniission that was serupnimislv
exacted on all nreasiona of duty hy his superior.
The governor pis.^-ed his hand lor a nioinenl over hi
brows. It Hccinrd to tiiose around him iis If ihc inenllon
of thill guard Imd eiilled up reeollccllnns which gave bin:
pain; and it iniglil Im> so, tiir Ills eldest son, t'.ipliii
Frederick dc Haldimar, had eomrnnnded (he iruaril.
Wnither he had disappeared, or in what inanuer, no one
knew.
"Are the artillery all present. Captain Weiitwortli /"
aguin demanded the governor, al>er a inomtnt of silence,
and in lils wonted firm anthorltnlive voice.
All pri'sent, sir," rejoined the officer, flilloftiiig the
cxannile of tho adjutant, and siiluting his chief,
'I hen lot a drum. head eoiirl-inartial Im assembled
immediately, Mr. Lowson, and without roforcneo to the
roster let the senior olfieirs Isi scleeted."
I'lie adjutant went round lo the resiieelive divisions,
snd in a low voice warned Ciptnin lllessingtnn, and the
four senior subalterns, for that duly. One hy one the
oHli'wrs, ns they woro severally called ni>on,' lell llieir
places in the square, and sheathing their swords, strppcd
into that part of the area appointed as their temporary
court. They were now all assembled, ond Captain Blcs.
sin^ton, the senior of his rank in the garrison, was pre.
|Kirmg to odministcr the customary oaths, when ilio
prisoner Halloway advanced a pace or two in front of hij
escort, and removing his cap, in a clear, firm, but re.
spectful voice, thus addressed the governor : —
" Colonel dc Haldimar, that I am no traitor, as 1 have
already told you, tlie Almighty God, before whom I
swore allegiance to his majesty, can bear me wilnens,
.\pjx;aranccs, 1 own, ore against me : but, so far from
Itcing a traitor, I would have shed my lost drop of blood
in defence of the garrison and your family. Colonel de
Haldimar," ho pursued, after a momentary pau.sc, in
which he seemed to be struggling to subdue the emotion
which rose, despite of himself, to his throat, " I repeat, I
am no traitor, and 1 scorn the imputation — but here is
my best answer to the ehurgc. This wound, (nnd he
unbuttoned his jacket, opened his shirt, and disclosed t
I'eep sear u|)on his white chest,) this wound 1 received
in defence of my captain's lite at Quebec. Hnd I not
loved him, I should not so have exposed myself, neither
but lor that should 1 now stand in the situation of shame
and danger, in which my comrades behold me."
Every heart was touched by this appeal — this bold and
manly appeal to tlie consideration of the governor. The
oflicers, cspeciolly, who were fully conversant with the
general merit of Halloway, were deeply affected, and
('liarlcs de Haldimar — the young, the generous, the
feeling Charles de Haldimar, — even shed tears.
"Whatmeanyou, prisoner ?" interrogated the governor,
after a short pause, during which ho appeared to be wcltli.
ing and deducing inferences from the expressions just
uttered. " What mean you, by stating, but for tliat (al.
luding to your regard lor Captain de Haldimnr) von
woiddnotnow be in Ihissituationof shame and danger '"
The prisoner hesitated a moment ; and then rejoined,
but in a tone that hail less of firmness in it than before,-
" Colonel do Haldimar, I am not at liberty to state mv
meiuiing ; for, though a privote soldier, I resjicct mv
word, and have pledged myself to secrecy." ' I
" You respect your word, and have pledged yourwlf I
to secrecy ! \Vliat mean you, man, by this rhodoinontadp' f
To whom can you have pledged yourself,- and for what,
unless it be to some secret enemy without the walls' I
Gentlemen, proceed to your duty : it is evident that Ike |
man is a traitor, even from his own admission. On r
life." he pursued, more hurriedly, and speaking in an i
under tone, as if to himself, " the fellow has been bribtii
by, and is connected with ." The name csca|*l
not his lips; for, oware of the emotion he was bctriiyinp,
he suddenly checked himself, and assumed his wonltJ
stern and authoritative beuring.
Once more the prisoner addressed the governor in the
same clear firm voice in which he had opened his up.
peal.
"Colonel dc Haldimar, I have no connection withinv
living soul without the fort ; ond again 1 repeat, I am no
traitiir, but a true and loyal British soldier, as my sorvini
in this war, and my comrades, can well attest. Still, 1
seek not to shun that death which 1 have braved a doKi
times at leost in the regiment. All thnt I a«ki!,
that 1 nny not be tried— thnt 1 inoy not have the shamf
of hearing sentence pronounced ngaini^t mr i/H ; M
If nothing should occur before eight o'clock to vindicili
my ihiirneter from this disgraro, 1 will ofter up no liirllin
prayer for mercy. In the name of that life, tlicroforf,
which 1 once preserved to t'aptnin de Haldimnr, atlhi
price of my own blood, I entreat a resp'te from trio! until
then."
" III the name of God and all his nngcls, lit iiimr
rcneli your soul, and grant his pr.iyer I"
F.viry ear was startled — every heart touched liylli<|
plaintive, mi lanehnly, silver tones of the voice Hint (mm
pronounced the last appi'al, nnd all recognised it Ihrllull
of theyoung, interesting, nnd attached wiie of the priwnn
Again the litter turned his gaze tnwords the wliidoii
whince the sounds proceeded, and by the glare o('ll«
torches n tear was distinctly seen by many coiinind
down his miinly cheek. The weakness was nioMicnlun
In the next instant he closed his shirt and lont, «i
resnmiiljf his cap step|M>d bock once more amid his guild
where he rcmiiined sUtinnnry, with the air of mie»l«
having nothing further lo ho|M), hus resolved to pniia»|
the worst that can liap|x-n with resignation and (»•
llliiile.
After the ln|we of a (l-w moments, ngoin devnleoW
iiiiirh npimrent deep thought and eoiijeetiire, the gnvrniK
once more, and rather hurriediv, resumed,-
•III the event, prisoner, of^tliii dclny in your l»|
Ur
WACOUSTA, OU THE PUOPHECY.
21.}
r swordB, stopped
their temporary
ind Captain BIcs.
rarrison, wbf pre.
oatlie, when Iho
wo in front of hi«
jar, firm, but re.
nor : —
traitor, as 1 luvj
1, before whom 1
bear me witnens.
but, 80 fur from
last drop of bW
iinily. Coloni'l dt
nentary pause, in
ubdue the emotion
hroat, " I repeat, I
ation — but here is
lis wound, (nnd he
irt, and disclosed a
wound I received
icbcc. Had I nol
icd myself, neither
i situation of shame
ehold me."
ipcal — this bold md ■ it
the governor. The h ^
lonvcrsant with the
eeply affected, and
the generous, the
ihed tears,
ogatcd the govcmn,
ppcared to be weigh.
the cjipressions just
ing, but for thnt (a!.
de Haldiinnr) you
shame and danger '"
t ; and then rejoined,
s in it tlian hefore,-
it liberty to state my
oldier, I resiKct my
cerccy."
ave pledged yourfelt
ythisrhodomontadf!
)urpelf,- and for what,
without the walls'
it is evident that the
admission. On ray
and speaking in la
'Uow has been bribed
The name escaped
Inn he was bclriiyinj,
assumed his wonted
ll the governor in the I
had opened hii ap. I
J connection with ant L
lain I repeal, I am no I
oldier, as iny sorvicti I
well attest. StrtUi
have braved a doiea I
, All that I nukikl
not have thi: sham I
igaimt mo H'l; «l|
]l o'clock to vindicslil
lillofterupnol'urlhrti
f that life, thcrelml
ide Hnldimar, allhtl
Icsp^te from trial until I
lis angels, nt iiif"!l
lieart louehcd bytln
Itlio voice Ihiit fninllM
Irecdgniscd it Iwlhill
llwileofthi priwnni
Howards 111'' windofl
1 by the glare of tin I
by many ro\tr»i«|l
jicRS was nin'iientjt; I
Inliirt and lont, uil
Viore amid hin |("<ii[
1 the air of one»l»l
resolved to rnM
lesigualion and m
Its, nitnin devnlfokl
liccliirc, 111!' t'ovenul
lumed, —
1 delay ill yniir li»l
being granted, will you pledge yourself to disclose the
secret to whicli you have alluded ? Recollect, there is
notiiini' but that which can save your memory from
being coiisgncd to infamy for ever ; for who, among your
comrades, will believe the idle denial of your treachery,
when there is the most direct proof against you ? If your
secret die with you, moreover, every honest man will
cniisider it as having boon one so infamous and injurious
to your character, that you were ashamed to reveal it."
''riiese suggestions of the colonel were not without
their etfect; for, in the sudden swelling of the prisoner's
cliest, as allusion was made to the disgrace that would
attach to his memory, there was evidence of a high and
generous spirit, to whom oldoquy was far more hateful
than even death itself.
" 1 do promise." he at length replied, stepping forward,
nnd uncovering himself as before, — " if no one appear to
justil'y niy conduct at the hour I have named, a full dis-
closure of all I know touching tliis affiiir shall be made.
And may God, of his intinito mercy, grant, for Captain
de Haldimar's sake, as well a« mine, 1 may not then be
wholly deserted !"
There was something so peculiarly solemn and im-
pressive in the manner in which the unhappy man now
expressed himself, that a feeling of the utmost awe crept
into the bosoms of tho surrounding throng ; and more
Ihm one veteran of the grenadiers, the company to which
Halloway belonged, was heard to relievo his chest of tlie
long pent-up sigh that struggled for release.
" Enough, prisoner," rejoined tlie governor; "on this
condition do I grant your request; but recollect, — your
disclosure ensiucs no hope of pardon, unless, indeed, you
have the fullest proof to otfer in your defence. Do you
perfectly understand me 7"
" I do," replied tho soldier firmly ; and again he placed
his cap on his head, and retired a step or two back among
the guard.
" Mr. Lavvson, let tho prisoner be removed, and con-
ducted to one of the private cells. Who is the subaltern
of the guard I"
" Ensign Fortescuc," was the answer.
" Then let Ensign Fortescue keep the key of the cell
hhnself. Tell him moreover, 1 shall hold him individu-
ally responsible for his charge."
Once nmro the prisoner was marched out of tho area;
and, as the clanking sound of his chains became gradually
fainter in the distance, the same voice that had before
interrupted the proceedings, pronounced a "God be
praised.' — God be praised !" with such meloily of sorrow
in its intonations tliat no one could listen to it unmoved.
Both ollicers nnd men were more or lass uHecled, and all
hoped— they scarcely knew why ur what — but all ho|H'd
•onietliing favourable would occur to save tho lifb of the
brave and unhappy Frank Halloway.
Of the first interrujrtion by the wife of the prisoner the
governor had taken no notice : but on this repetition of the
ejpression of her feelings he briefly summoned, iii the
I alisencc of the adjutant, the sergeant-major of the regi-
inrnt to his side.
"Sergeant-major Illetson, I desire that, in future, on
all occasions of this kind, the women of tho regiinenl
I may be kept out of the wiiy, Look to it, sir!"
"The scrgi-ant-mijor, who had stooil erect as his own
Ihalbert, which he held brtiire him in a saluting |iosi.
jtion, doling this brief admonition of his colonel, ne.
Iknowledged, by a certain air of di't'erential respect and
[dropping of the eyes, nuaeenmpaiiicd by s|M'reli of any
IHiid, timt he lidt the reproof, and would, in liitiire, lahe
|c:ire to avoid all similar cause for eomplainf. He then
litalkrd slilflv away, and resumed, in a lew hasty «fride«,
lliis position m rear of the troops.
"Hard-hearted man!" pursued the lame voice: "if
mv prayers of gratitude- to heaven give olfenec, may the
llioiir never eomc when my lips xliall pronounce their
Ijilierest curse uimn your severity !"
There was Hometliiiig so piiui'iilly wild — so solemnly
prophi'tii' — in these sounds of sorrow as they fell faintly
li|Kia tho ear, and especially under the extraordinary eir-
iinMtanecs of the night, that they might havelM-en taken
Ihr llie warnings of Bonii< suiiernatural agency. Uuiing'
^lieir nllernnce, not even the lire.ithing of liuinan life was
ik' heard in the ranks. In the next t'ostant, liuwpver,
eri>e:int-inajor DIetsnn was seen repairing, with hmg
knd liiiaty strides, tu the barrack whence tlio voice pro-
iili'd, and the interruption was heard no more.
Moaiuvhile the otBeers, who had iK'tii summoned from
r.uilis for tho purpo.'e of forming the court-martial,
^ill lingered in tlio centre of tho a(|U«re, opparcntly
vaitiaK fur tho order of their superior, before they should
Miiini' their rospflclive stations. As the (|uiek and com-
krehemive glance of (^oloiirl do Hnldlmir now rmbraecd
the group, he at once became sensible of tho absence of
one of the seniors, all of whom he had desired should be
selected for the court-martial.
" Mr. I.awson," he remarked, somewhat sternly, as
the adjutant now returned from delivering over his pri-
soner to Ensign Fortescue, " I thought I understood
from your report the officers were all present !"
" I believe, sir, my report will be found perleetly cor-
rect," returned the adjutant, in a tone which, without
being disrespectful, marked his otTcnded sense of the im-
plication.
" And Lieutenant ]\Iurphy "
" Is here, sir," said the adjutant, pointing to a couple
of files of the guard, who were bearing a heavy burden,
and following into the sipiare. "Lieutimanl Alurphy,"
he pursued, " has been shot on the ramparts ; and 1 have,
as directed by Captain Blessington, caused the body
to be brought here, th.-it I may receive your orders re-
specting tiic interment." As he B|>okc, he removed a
long military grey cloak, which completely enshrouded
the corpse, and disclosed, by the light of the still brightly
flaming torches of the gunners, the features of the un-
fortunate Murphy.
" How did he meet his death ?" enqnired the governor ;
without, however, manifesting the slightest surprise, or
appearing at all moved at the discovery.
" By a rifle shot fired from tho common, near the old
bomb proof," observed Captain Blessington, as the adju-
tant looked to him for the particular explanation he could
not render himself.
" Ah ! this reminds me," pursued tho austere com-
mandant,—" there was a shot fired also from the ram-
parts. By whom, nnd at what ?"
" By me, sir," said Lieutenant Valletorf, coming for-
ward from the ranks, " and at what I conceived to be an
Lidian, lurking as a spy upon the common."
" Then, Lieutenant Sir Everard Valletorf, no repeti-
tion of these firings, if you please ; and let it be borne
in mind by nil, that although, from the peculiar nature of
tho service in which we arc engaged, I so far depart
from the established regulations of tho army as to |)crmit
my ofticers to arm themselves with rifles, they are to be
used only as occasion may require in tlie hour of con-
fliel, and not for the purpose of throwing a whole garri-
son into alarm by trials of skill and dexterity upon sha-
dows at this unseasonable hour."
" I was not aware, sir," returned Sir Everard proudly,
and secretly galled at being thus addressed liefore the
men, " it could be deemed a military crime to destroy
an enemy at whatever hour he might present himselt',
and cii|>ecially on such an occasion as the present. As
for my firing at a shadow, those who heard the yell that
tbilowed the second shot, can dc^termine that it came
from no shallow, but from a fierce nnd vindictive enemy.
Th<! cry denoted even something more than the ordinary
defiance of nn Indian; it (-"'ued to express a fiendish
sentiment of personal triumph and revenge."
The governor started involuntarily. " Do you ima-
gine. Sir Everard Vallilarf, the aim of your riflo was
true — that you hit liiin ?"
The qiuwtiou was asked so hurriedly, and in a tone so
iliflerent from that in which he had hitherto Hptdieu, that
the oMiiers around Himultaneonsly raised their eyes to
those of their eoKnul with an expression of unilishem-
bled surprise. Me observed it, and instantly rnsumed his
habitual Kternness of look nnd manner.
" I rather li-ar nol, sir," replied Sir Everard, who had
principally remarked the emotion, "but may I hope (anil
this was said with einphasis), in tho evident disappoint-
ment you experience at my want of success, my ofl'ence
may lie overluoked f"
'I'lie governor fixed his penetrating eyes on the sprak-
er, as if he would have read his inmost mind; and then
ealnilv, and even impressively observed, —
" .sir Everard Valletorf, I do overlook the oirenee, ami
lio|)e you may as easily fiirgive yourself. It were well,
hiiwcver, that your ind'iseretioii, winch can only find ith
excuse in your being so young an nffieor, had not Ixen
altogether without si.me good result. Had you klMed or
dinabled the — the savage, there might have been a di'eeni
palliative offered; but what must Ix' your feelings, sir,
when yuii reflect, the death of yon olfieer," and lie pointed
to the eorp«' of the unhappy Murpl.y, " is, in a great
degree, aflributablu to yourself^ Had you nol provoked
the anger of the savage, anil given a direction to his aim
by Ihe impotent and wanton discharge of your own rifle,
this accident would never liavo hamienvd.
Thi* severe reproving of an officer, who had acted
fVoin Ihe most praisoworlhy of motives, and who enuM
nol possibly have anticipated tlio unlbrliinatf cataitrophc
that had nrrurrrd, was ransldprrd p«p<>eially harali and
unkind by every one present; and a low and almost in-
a :.lible murmur passed through the company to which
Sir Everard was attached. For a minute or two that
ofiicer also oppearcd deeply pained, not more from the re-
proof itself than from thi; new light in which the obser-
vation of his chief had taught him to view, for the first
lime, the causes that had led to the fall of Murphy.
Finding, however, that the governor had no further re-
mark to address to him, he once more returned to liis
station in the ranks.
" Mr. Lawson," resumed the commandant, turning to
the adjutant, " let this victim be carried to the spot on
which he fell, and tlicre interred. I know no better grave
for n Rolilicr than beneath the sod that has l)een moist-
ened with his 'ulood. Kecolleet," he continued, us tho
adjutant once more led the party out of the area, — "no
firing, Mr. Lawson. Tlie duty must be silently jwrform-
ed, and without the risk of provoking a forest of arrows,
or a shower of bullets, from the savages. Major Black
v^'ater," ho pursued, as soon as the corpse had been re.
moved, " let Ihe men pile their arms even as they now
stand, and remain ready to fall in at a minute's notice.
Should any thing extraordinary happen before the morn-
ing, you will, of cour;;'-, apprise me." He then strode
out of tho area with the same haughty and measured
step that l.ud characterised his entrance.
" Our colonel docs not appear to be in one of his most
amiable moods to.niglil," oljserved Captain Blessington,
as the officers, after having disposed of their res|)cetivo
companies, now proceeded along the ramparts to assist
at the last funeral oflices of their unhappy associate.
" He was disposed to be severe, and must have put you,
in some measure, out of conceit with your favourite rifle,
Valletort."
"True," rejoined the baronet, who had already rallied
from the momentary depression of his spirits, " he hit
me devilish hard, I confess, and was disposed to display
more of the commanding oflieer than quite suits my
ideas of the service. His words were as caustic as his
looks; and could both have pierced mo to the quick,
there was no inclhiation on his part wanting. By my
soul \ could .... but I forgive him. He is tho father
of my friend : nnd tor that reason will I chew the cud of
my mortification, nor sufl'cr, if possible, a sense of hia
iinkindness to rankle at my heart. At all events, Bles-
sington, my mind is made up, nnd resign or exchange it
certainly siiall the in.slant I can find a decent loup-hou; to
creep out of."
Sir Everard fiincied the car of his captain was alone
listening to these expressions of his feeling, or in nil pro-
bability he would not have uttered them. As ho con-
cluded the la^t sentence, however, he felt his arm gently
grasped by one who walked n pace or two silently in
their rc^r. He turned, and recngnised Charles dc Hul-
iliijiar.
"I am sure, Valletorf, you will believe how much
p,<ined I have been at the bcverity of my futlier; but, in-
deed, there was nothing personally olfi'iisive intended.
Blessington can ti llyou, as will us myijell', it is his man-
ner ultngether. Nay, lliat although he is the first in se-
niority after Blackwater, the governor treats him with
file same di.-tanee and hauteur lie would use towards the
ymmgesf ensign in the service. .Si <«i are the elTiets of
his lung military habits, and his ideas of the absolutism
of riiMiniaiid. Am I not right, Blessington?"
"Quite right, (^iiarles. Sir Everard may satisfy him-
si If his is no Kolitary Instance of the stern severity of
yiiiir father. .Still, I confess, iiotwithslaniling the rigidity
(if maniiir wliieli he seems, on all oeeasions, to think so
indi-:|M'nsable to the maintennnee of authority in a eoni-
inanding olfieer, I never knew him so inclined to find
fault lis he is lo-niglit."
" Perhaps," observed Valletort, good huiiiouredly, " hia
eonseienee is rather restless; and he is willing to get rid
of if and his spleen logether. I would wager my rifle
ag.iin.st Ihe worthless senlp of Ihe rascal I fired at to-
night, thai this saUK^ struiigir, whose asserted appear-
ance has ealleil us iVom our comfortable beds, is but the
creation of his disturbed dreams, indeed, how is it pus-
sible any thing formed of flush nnd blood eoul'l ':ave es-
caped us with the vigilant watch that has liee' kept on
tlio ramparts ? The old genllcmaii rertjiini , had that
illusion strongly impressed nn hia inmd when he au sa.
pienlly spoke of mv firing at a shadow."
" But the gate," interrupted Charles de Haldimar, with
something of mild reproach in his tonep, — " you Ibrgcl,
Valletort, the gate was found unlocked, and that my bro-
ther is miaaing. Ur, at least, was flesh and blood, aa
voii aay, and yet ho has disappeared. What mor.' pro-
liable, therefore, than that this stranger is of nneo Iht
eauap and the agent of )\h utidiirlioli "'
i£ iJ^vr- ■ - . i/K;l
m
t
.1-
1
. l' ♦'
■:».'■
■V
0*^
-! .1.'
ui
Pi:
214
WACOUSTA, on .THE PROPHECY.
*
■t H
:^1:
*^lf
:. **,•:•
■ '-k;
' 1'-^;*
" Impossible, Charles," observed (^aiitaiii lilessiiigton ;
" Frederick was in the midst of bis guard. How, tbcrc-
fore, could he be convoyed away witlioiit the aliirm beiiifr
given 7 Numbers only could have succeeded in so des-
|ierntc an enterprise ; and yet tliere is no evidence, or
even suspicion, of more than one individual having been
here."
" It is a singular affair altogctlier," returned Sir Eve-
rard, musingly. "Of two things, however, I am satis-
lied. The first is, that tho stranger, whoever he may be,
BJid if he really has been here, is no Indian; the second,
that he it personally known to the governor, who has
been, or I mistake much, more alarmed at his individual
presence than if Pontcac and his whole band had sud-
denly broken in upon us. Did you retnark his emotion
when I Hu'elt on tho peculiar characlnr of personal
triumpli and rovcngo which the cry of the lurking villain
outsiilo M'om tooxpress? and did you notice tiic e^iger-
ncss with which he enquired if I thought I had hit lilni ?
I>e|iend upon it, there i^ more in all this than is dreamt
of in OUT phiUopliy."
" And it was your undisguised perception of that emo-
tion," remarked Ciptaia UWssington, " that drew down
his severity upon your own head. It was, however, too
palpable not to be noticed by all ; and 1 dure say conjee-
turo is as busily and as Tagucly at work among our r.oni-
p.^.nions aj it is with us. Tho clue to the inystory, in n
groat degree, now dwells with Frank Hallnway ; and to
him w«i must look for its elucidation. His disclosure
will be one, I apprehend, full of ignominy to hijusclf,
but of tho highest interest and importance to us all.
And yet I know not how to believe t!io man tUo traitor
he appears."
" bid you remark tliat last harrowing exclamation of
his wife?" observed Charles dc Haldimar, in a tone ol
uns)ieakable melancholy. " How fearfully prophetic it
sounded in my ears. I know not how it is," ho pursued,
"but I wish 1 had not heard those sounds; for since that
niomont I have had a sad strange presc^tiincnt of evil at
my heart Heaven grant my poor brother may make his
ap|>earance, aa I still trust he will, at the hour Halloway
seems to expect, for if not, the latter most assuredly dies.
1 know my father well ; and, if convictcil by a court mar-
tial, no human power can alter tho destiny that awaits
Frank Halloway."
" Rally, my dear Charles, rally," said Sir Evrrard, af-
fecting a confidenoo he did not tool himself; " iiidulgo not
ill these idle and supcrstitioMs fancies. I pity Halloway
from my soul, and feci the deepest interest in his pretty
and unhappy wife ; but that is no reason why one should
attach imimrtance to tho incoherent expressions wrung
from her in the agony of grief."
" It is kind ol you, Valletorf, to endeavour to choer
my spirits, when, if the truth were confessrd, you ac-
knowledge the inllucnco of tlii^ same feelings. I thank
you lor the attempt, but tim(! alone can show how fir 1
sh.UI have reason, or otherwise, to lament the occurrences
of this night."
They had now reached that part of the ramparts whence
the shot from Sir Everard's rille had been (ired. Sevcr.il
men were occupietl in digging a gr.ivo in tho precise
spot on which tiie unfortunate Murphy had stood when
he reei'ived his deStli wound; and into this, when com-
pleted, the body, enshrouded in the clotik already alluded
to, was dofiositcd by his companions.
CHAPTER IV.
While tho adjutant was yet reading, in a low a.-d
eolcinn voice, the servien for the dead, a lieree and distant
j^ll, ail if iVom a legion of devils, burst suddenly from
tliii firest, and brought tho hands of the startled ollirers
instinctively to their swords. 'J'liis up|wlliiig cry lasted,
without interruption, for m.any minutes, and wastlicn, as
iibruptly cheeked as it had lieen unexpcetedly delivered.
A considcrublu paii.iii suceeeded, and then again it rose
with evijn moro startling vohemeiiee than lietiirc. Hy one
unaceiistumcd jto tllose devilish Rounds, no distinction
could havo licon made in the two several yells that hail
been thus savagely |>ealed forth; but those to whom priie-
tieo and long oiperionco in tho warlike habits and eiis-
turns of tho Indiana had rendered their shouts funiliar,
nt nneo divined, or fhncied tlioy divined, tlie cause. The
first was, to tlieir conception, a yell expressive at nneo of
vengeance and disap|)oiiitment in pursuit, — |H'rhap8 <if
Humo prisoner who had csca|>i'd (rout tlieir toils; tin
second, of triumph and success, — In all probability, inili'
cative of the recaptiini of that prisoner. For many mi-
iiiitui afterwards tho oflleers (Hintiniied to listen, with the
most achinj; attention, fur a rcjiotition of the cr^, or own
fainter sounds, that might denote either a nearer ap-
proach to the fort, or the fin^l departure of the Indians.
Alter the second veil, liou ever, the woods, in the heart of
which it appeared to I;ave been uttered, were buried in
as profound a silence as if they had never yet echoed
back the voice of man ; and all at length iK'came sr.tis-
fied that tho Indians, having aeconiplished some particu-
lar purpose, had retired once more to their distant en-
campments for the night. Captain Ershine was the first
who broke the almost brcatliless silence that prevailed
among tlieniselves.
"On my lite, Do Ilaldim.ar is a prisoner with the In-
dians. He has been attempting his es'-ajK-, — has been
detected, — followed, and again liillin into their hands. I
know their infernal yells but too well. 'I'lie Inst expressed
their savage joy at the capture of a prisoner; and tliere
is no one of us missing but De Hiildinnr."
" Not a doubt of it," said Captain Dlessington; tho cry
was eeitaiiily what you describe it, and Heaven only
knows whutWill bo the fate of our |iiior friend."
No other oIKcer spoke, for all were opprcjsed hy the
weight of tlieir own lielings, and sought rather to give
indulgence to s|ieci!l :ti.)n in secret, than to share their
impressions with their companions. Charles de HaUli-
inar stood a little in the rear, leaning his head upon his
hand against the liox of the sentry, (who was silently,
though anxiously, pacing liis walk,) and in an attitude
expressive of the deepest dejection and sorrow.
" I 8upp.-..io I must tiiiisli Lawson's work, althongli 1
am but a poor hand ut this sort of thing," resumed Cap-
tain Erskine, taking up the prayer hook the adjutant
had, in hastening on the first alarm to get the men under
arms, carelessly thrown on the grave of the now uncon-
scious Murphy,
He then commenced the service at the point where
>Ir. Lawson had so nbrujitly broken off, and went
through the remainder of the prayers. A very few ini-
nutes sutlieed lor the performance of this solemn duty,
which was efteeted by the liiint dim light of tlii at length
dawning day, and the men in attendance proceeded to
till lip the grave of their ortieer.
(iradually the mists, that had fallen during the latter
hours of the niglit, began to ascend from the common,
and disperse themselves in air, conveying the apjK'ar-
ance of a rolling sheet of vajiour retiring back upon it-
self, and disclosing objects in succession, until the eye
could embrace all that came within its extent of vision.
As tlh ollicer.s yet lingered near the rude grave of their
eoniiianion, wnlcliing with abstracted air the languid and
almost n;i'ehaniial action of their j.ided men, as they
einplied shovel aOer shovel of the damp o.artli over tlic
body of its new tenant, they were suddenly startled by an
expression of exultation fiom Sir Everard Valletort.
" By .lupiter, I have pinked him," he exclaimed tri-
umphantly. " I knew my rille eoidd not oir; and as for
my sight, I have earrii d away too many prizis in target-
sli.ioting to have been deicived in tliaf. How delighted
the old governor will be, Charles, to hear this. No more
lecturing, 1 am sure, for the next six months at least ;"
and the young iitticcr rulibed his hands together, at the
success of his shot, with as much satisliietion and uncon-
cern for tho future, as if he hail lieen in his own native
England, in tlio midst of n prize-ring.
Roused by the observation of his friend. Do Haldimar
quitted his position near the sentry box, and advanced to
the outer edge of the rampart. To liiiii, as to his com-
panions, the oiilliue of the old bonili-proof v, iis now dis-
tinctly visilile, hut it was some time Is'fore they could dis-
cover, in the direelinn in which Valletort pointid, a dark
speck upon tlii' eornruoii; and this so indistinctly, they
could scarcely ilistiiigiiish it with lh(^ naked eje.
" Your sight is quite equal to your aim, Sir Everard,"
remarked l.ieulenant Johnstone, one of Errkini's subal-
terns, " and both are deeidoilly superior to mine; yet 1
used to be thought a good rifleman too, and have credit
liir an eye no less keen than that of an Indian; you have
the advantngt^ of me, however ; for I honestly admit I
no\er could have picked oft" yon fellow in tho dark as you
have done."
As the dawn inereaned, tho dark shadow of a liuman
form, stretched lit its length upon (he ground, lieeanie
lierceptible; and the oHieers, with one unanimous voice,
liore loud testimony to the skill and dexterity of liim who
had, under such extreme disndv tiigcs, accomplished
the death of their skulking enemy.
" Hravo, Valletort," Raid Charles dn Haldimar, leeover-
ing his spirits, as imieh from the idea, now neeurring to
him, that this might indeed Ih< the stranger whose ap-
|>earaiien had so greatly dislurlieil his father, aR from the
gratification li« felt in the praises iHistowed on his IVieiid.
" Uruvo, mj dew Hdlow!" then appruacliing, and in a
half whisper, " when next I write to Clara, I shall riqu,..!
her, with my cousin's assistance, to preimrc a ehaplit of
bays, wherewith I shail myself crown you as tlieir
proxy. But what is the matter now, Valletort? Why
stand you there gazing upon the common, aa if the victiiii
of your murderous aim was rising from his bloody cciicji
to reproai li you with his death ? Tell me, shall 1 wrjit
to Clara for the prize, or will you receive it from licr own
hands ?"
Bid her rather pour her curses on my head; andio
those, De Haldimar, add your own," exclahned Sir Ku-
rard, at length raising himself from the statue-like pusj.
tion he had assumed. " Almighty Cod," he pursued, in
the same tone of deep agony, "what have I dont'
Where, where shi.ll 1 hide myself?"
As he spoke he turned away i'rom his companions, and
covering his eyes with his hand, with quick and unniiul
steps, even like those of a drunken man, walked, or rallitr
ran, alopg the rampart, as if fearful of Ix'ing overtaken.
The wliole group of officers, and Charles de Haldimar in
particular, were struck with dismay at the langungf ond
aeliiiii of Sir Everard; and lor a moment they fancied ilm
tatigne, and watching, and excitement, had partially
afiected his brain. But when, after the lapse of a ininulc
or two, they again looked out Ujion the common, the so.
eret of his ogitation was too faithfully and too painfully
explained.
What had nt first the dusky and dingy hue of a half,
naked Indian, was now perceived, by the bright lieains of
light just gathering in the east, to lie the gay and striking
nnil'c.nii of a British ofticer. Doubt as towiio that officer
was there could be none, for the white sword-licll sus.
pended over the right shoulder, and thrown into stronf
relief by the field of scarlet on which it reposed, denoted
the wearerof this distinguishing badge of duty to be one
of the guard.
If tlioy could regret the loss of such a companions
Murjihy, how deep and heartfelt must have been the sot.
row they experienced when they licheld the brave, gene-
rous, manly, amiable, and highly-talented Frederick dc
lluldiinar — the pride of the garrison, and the idol of hij
family — lying extended, a. cold, senseless corpse, slain liy
the hand of the Imsom friend of his brother ! — Niitwilh.
standing tho stern severity and distance of the governor,
whom few circumstances, however critical or exciting,
could surprise into relaxation of his habitual stateliness,
it would have been diflicult to name two young men more
universally liked and esteemed by their brother ofiicfn
than wore the De Haldiniars — the first for the qualities
already named — tho second, for those retiring, mild, win-
ning manners, and gentle atrections, added to extreme
and almost feminine beauty of eountennncc forwliiclilie
was remarkable. Alas, what a gloomy picture was now
exhibited to the minds of all! trederick do Haldimar i |
corpse, and slain by the hand of Sir Everard Valktortl
What hut disunion could follow this melanclinly eala!'
troplio ! and how could Charles de Haldimar, even ifliis
bland nature should survive the shock, ever bear to look |
a(;:iiii upon the man who had, however innoeiiuly i
nniiitenlionall}', deprived him of a brother wlioni k I
adored ? I
These worn the impressions that passed through the
minds of the compassionating ofticors, as they directed I
their gl ince nltrrnately Iroin tlie common to the pale and I
mnrlile-Iiko features of the younger De Haldimar, wlin,
with parted lips and stupid gaze, continued to fix his rye<
U{ioii the inanimnto fiiriii of his ill-fated brother, as ifllie
very ficulty of lili' itself had Is'cn lor a jieriod susisiiiW. [
At length, however, while his companions watched in I
silence the mining workings of that grief which ll«
liared to interrn|it by ill-timed observations, eVi'U of con. I
dolonee, the death-like hue, which had hitlierlo unlTuid I
the usually blooining cheek of the young olliccr, «iil
siieceedid by a Hush of the deepest dye, while his cyf<, I
swollen by 'he tide of bloo'' • -iw rushing violently to b
face, ap|K'ared to be h"--lii> '.om their soi'kels. Tin' I
shock was more than Ms •; iicate frame, exliuusted an il I
wns by wntehing and fatigue, eonhl bear. Iletotlraif
roeh'd, pressed his hand U|ion his head, and iH-ture anil
one could render him awdBtance, full Benscless nn Uk |
rainpnrls.
During tliP interval lictwcen Sir Everard Vallrtort'i I
exelnmntion, and tho fall of Clmrlos do Haldinur, thi I
men einphiyed at tho grave bad |H'rfuriiii d their dulr,[
and were gazing with mingled astonishment and concrnv I
IkiIIi on the body of their niurdercd iilficer, and ontlxl
dumb scene acting around them. Two of lliiw «« I
now despatelied for a litter, with which tliey s|K'ediIyr»l
ap|ionreJ. On this Charles do Haldimar, already (Mil
rious with the fever of inlens« excitement, was rarcfaBjl
placed, and, flilluwed liy Captain Dloaitin^on and Mculrl
Tli.i sun
f peculiar sol
early days
' led liis coinj
catcd with I
lowered sini
Indians; an
tiioir service
OS if an ea
Although Ih
risk the part
llic savages
elfect their ol
and ccrtaini;
knowledgcd
governor — qu
Ills excessive
have hazarde
fcebled by tin
of tho coMipai
with all his se
out strong afl
the father, the
the prudence
corpse of his
knew would b
hid been indu
Captain Erskii
bis company
Every means w
and ensure lh<
nialnder of tin
nf (lie raniparl
faces until sun
tion; which wa
|iursuit from tin
tioncd at (he ee
t!<rt, and necess;
the nutskirt of t
shot at a given
were, moreover,
guns of the fort
turning his bad
Thus confider
Ihc drawbridge \
and fallowing (li
nurroiinded, mac
llicy gained the
direct lino with t
Vance woji alter
the enemy with i
tend. Tho front
(isting in all of
apnea in (he ovci
iiij; inwards so a
fucos of a square.
by the cannon of
I tlieir flanks, tho
to present a fulle
might be attarkc
lliat in the advan
{ivcn In the aim
in an oliliquo dir
down two men (tl
In tliit order, a
rades, whose eyes
I (it'llieiani|>arton
I nii>nl crossed tho
Krikine, the otiioi
now ipproachod \
tidim, when Cafi
party; and two file
rinii, to place (ho
provided thoinsoh
llie iiilie dlreclioi
render anistance
IW, and in no w
I hibiliniontii ; a cir
WACOUSTA, OH TIIK PHOWIKCV.
215
ira, 1 slioll nqiurt
rparc a cliaiiltt (,f
wn you OS tliiir
Vallitort? Why
or, OS if the vicliiii
II Ills bloody cruel;,
1 inc, kIiuH I wrilf
vc it from her own
my head ; anil to
exclaimed Sir K\i-
le (■tntue-likc jxisi.
id," he pursued, in
hat have I done'
lis companions, and
quick and uniKpial
II, walked, or ratlin
uf being overlakon.
lies de Haldiniar in
it the Ian (run ge arid
.'Utthcy faucitd thai
lent, had partially
ic lajise of a iiiiiuitc
he coiumon, tlio «r.
ly and too painfully
lingy hue of a half.
■ the bright lieaiiis if
the gay and striking
IS to who that offictt
liitc sword-belt siis.
thrown into Btrnni
I it reposed, ilcnnlid
go of duty to be om
such a companion ss
ist have been tlic soi-
held the brave, jrcnc-
ilented Frederick de
n, and tlie idol of hii
leless corpse, slain by
i brother ! — Notwilh.
iinec of the governor,
critical or exciting,
s habitual statclinws,
two young men more
their brotlier olBccn
first for the qualitiej
le retiring, mild, win-
is, ad<led to extrriiK
llennncc for wliicli lie
hiny picture was no*
Icrick de Haldiniar i
|ir lOvernrd Vallctortl ]
lis melancholy calas-
laldimnr, even if liis
lek, ever bear to look
iwever innocently ot
a brother whom lie
passed tlirouj;li the I
Its, bb they dircrinl
liinon to the imlcand I
De Haldiniar, wlio, I
litinued to fix his i yn I
Ved brother, a» if the
a |)eriod shbih'IhW, I
Jipanions wiitdiiil in I
lut grief ivliieh tliij
Iviitinns, eVenofcon- f
lad hitherto untriuu'd I
young officer, «■« I
I dye, while his cyfsl
Vhing violently In hi! I
I their soeket^. '!'!» I
|anie, exhansled wil I
iM'ar. Me tolling I
iiid, and iK'lort^ mi; I
|ell Beneclcss on tin I
Everard Vallclon'i |
is de Haldiniar, the I
IrfuriiK il their (lutrJ
lihmcnt and oinwri I
T ollicer, and on lln I
J Two of tlieiic»i'tt|
■eh Uiey B|M'edily «■ I
lliniar, already ilA I
Iment, was earofnllj I
|i)in(;tonandI<ic<ilf|
uoiit Johnstone, borno to hi^ apartment in the graull
rnnLfc of buildings constituting tlio olScers' barracks.
Caiitain Erskiiio undertook tlie disagreeable olliee of
communicating these distressing events to the governor ;
and tlio remainder of the officers once more hastened to
join or linger near their resjicctive companies, in readi-
ness for the order which it was expected would be given
to despatch a numerous party of the garrison to secure
the body of Captain do Huldimar.
CHAPTER V.
Tlio sun was just rising above the horizon, in all that
pccnlinr softness of splendour which characterises tlio
early ^'^y^ of autumn in America, as Captain Erskine
led his company across the drawbridge that communi-
cated with the fort. It was the first time it had been
loivered since the investment of the garrison by the
Indians; and as the dull and rusty chains performed
their service with a harsh and jfratlng sound, it seemed
ns if an earnest were given of molancholy boding.
Altlioinrh tlio distance to bo traversed was small, the
risk the party incurred was great ; for it was probable
(he savages over on the alert, would not sufler them to
effect their object unmolested. It was perhaps singular,
and certainly contradictory, that an officer of the ac-
knowledged prudence and forethought ascribed to the
irovcrnor — qualities wliicli in a great degree neutralised
Ills oicessive severity in the eyes of his troops — should
have hazarded the chance of having his garrison en-
feebled by the destruction of a part, if nut of the whole,
of the company ap|)ointed to this dangerous duty ; but
with all his severity. Colonel de Haldimnr was not with-
out strong affection for his children. The feelings of
the father, theicfbrc, in a great degree triumphed over
the prudence of the commander: and to shield the
corpse of his son from the indignities which he well
knew would be inflicted on it ly Indian barbarity, he
had been induced to accede to the earnest prayer of
Captain Erskine, that he might be permitted to lead out
bis company for the purpose of securing the body.
Every means were, however, taken to cover the advance,
and ensure the retreat of the detathnicnt. The re-
mainder of the troops were distributed along the rear
of the ramparts, with instructions to lie flat on their
faces until summoned by their officers from that posi-
tion; which was to be done only in the event of cloce
purnuit from the savages. Artillerymen wore also sta-
lloncd at the several guns that flanked the rear of the
fort, and necessarily commanded both the common and
Iheoutskiit of the forest, with orders to tiro with grape-
shot at a given signal. Captain Erskine's instructions
were, moreover, if attacked, to rotieat hack under the
nuns of the fort slowly and in good order, and without
turning his back upon the enemy.
Thus confident of support, the party, after traversing
the drawbridge with fixed bayonets, inclined to the right,
nnd fallowing the winding of the ditch by which it was
Burroiinded, made the son i-circuit of the rampart until
tlioy gained the immediate centre of tho rear, and in n
direct lino with the bomb-proof. Hero their mode ofnd-
vmice was altered, to guard more oflectually against
the enemy with whom they might possibly have tu con-
tend. Tho front and rear ranks of tlie company, con-
sisting in til of ninety men, wore go placed as tu leave
■|mca in the event of attack, of a portion of each wheel-
nifr inwards so as to present in an instant three equal
fiicos of a square. .K» the rear was sufficiently covered
by the cannon of tho fort to defeat any attoiiipt to turn
their flanks, the nianmuvro waa one thut oimblod them
to present a fuller front in whatever other ijuarter thoy
might be attacked ; and had this additional advantage,
tliat in the advance by single files a narrower front was
(riven to the aim of tiio Indians, who, unless they fired
ill nn oblique direction, could only, of necessity, bring
down two men (the loading files) at a time.
In this order, and anxiously ovorlooVcd by their com-
tailos, whoso eyes alone peered fVoin above tho surface
I oi'lheianiparton which they lay prostrate, tho detacli-
{ ment crossed the common; one rank headed liy C'aptain
< Knkine, the other by Lieutenant Johnstone. They ha<l
now approached within a few yard* of the unfortunate
Tidim, when Captain Erskine coiP>Tianded a halt of his
pirty; and two files were dclachod.fron:' Iho rear of each
I rank, to place Iho body on a litter with which they had
providod Iheinaelves. He and Johnsti no also moved in
I tin itdio direction in advanue of the men, prepared to
I rrniler assistance If required. The ( ir|iso lay on its
furr,and in no way despoiled of any of its glittering
hibilinionts ; a cireumstanoe tliat too well coiitirmod tho
lact of Da Huldimar's death having been uceomplislicd
liy I'le li.ill from Sir XOveraid Vullet'-'t's ride. It iip-
:ieaied, however, tliu ill-laled oflieer li.id struggled iiiucli
ill tlio a^'oiiiesof death; for the left .I'g was drawn up
into an iiiiiialural slate of coiitractiun, and the ri;;lit
''■:ii(l, oluM'ly c(ijii])resse(i, grasped a (]uuiitity of grass
and suil, uiiicli had evidently boon torn up in a paioxyHiu
ofsufleriiig and despair.
The men placed the litter at Iho side of the body,
whicli they now proceeded to rniso. As they were in
llio act of depositing it on this temporary bier, the
plumed hill fell liom Iho head, and disclosed, to the
astonishment of all, tho scalplcsa crown completely
saturated rn its own clotted blooJ and oozing brains.
Vii CKulamatioii of horror and disgust escaped at the
ssiiio moment from the lips of the two ollieers, and the
men stnrled hack from their charge ns if a basilisk had
suddenly appeared before them. Captain Erskine pur-
sued : —
" What the devil is the meaning of all this, John-
stone ?" " What, indeed!" rejoined his lieutenant, with
a shrug of his shoulders, that was intoi.ded to express his
inability to form any o)iinioii on the subject.
" Uiihss it should prove," continued Erskine, "as I
sincerely trust it may, that poor Vallctort i.s not, after
all, the murderer of his friend. It must ho so. Uc
Haldiniar has been slain by the same Indian who killed
.Murphy. Do you recollect his scalp cry? lie was in
the act of dosiwiling hi.s victim of this trophy of success,
when Sir Everard fired. Examine the body well,
Mitchell, and discover where tho wound lies."
The old soldier to whom this order was addressed
now prepared, with the assistance of his coiiirudcs, to
turn the body upon its back, when suddenly the air was
rent with terrific yells, that seemed to be uttered in their
very cars, and in the noxt instant more than a hundred
dark and hideous savages sprang simultaneously to
Ihoir feet within the bomb-proof, while every tree along
tho skirt of the forest gave back the towering form of a
warrior. Each of these, in addition tu his rifle, was
armed with all those dostructivo implements of warfare
which render tho Indians of America so lurmidablo and
so terrible an enemy.
" Stand to your arms, men," shouted Captain Erskine.
recovering from his first and unavoidaide, though but
momentary, surprise. "First and fourth sections, on
your right and loft backwards wheel ; — Quick, men,
within the square, lor your lives." As he spoke, he uiui
Lieutenant .Johnstone sprang hastily back, and in time
to obtain admittance within the troops, who had rapidly
executed tho manoDuvro coinmaiidod. Not bo with
.Mitchell and his companions. Un tho first alarm they
had quitted the body of the mntilated ollicer, and flown
In secure their arms, but even while in the act of stoop
iiig to lake them up, thoy had boon grappled by u jiow-
I'.rful and vindictive foe; and Iho fiisl thing thoy beheld
on regaining thcir'upright position, was a dusky Indian
at the sidn, and a gloaming tomahawk flashing rapidly
round the lioad of each.
''Eiro not, on your lives," exclaimed Captain Erskine
hastily, us ho saw several of the men in Iront levelling,
in tho ezeitomont of tho moment, their iniisketB at the
threatening euvagos. " Prepare for attack," ho pur-
sued ; end in the ucjit instant each man dropped on his
right knee, and a harrier of bristling bayonets seemed
to rise from tho very bowels of Iho earth. Attracted by
tho novelty of tho sight, tho bold and during warriors,
although Htill retaining their firm grnsji of tho unhappy
koldiorH, were for a nioment diverted Iroiii their bloody
purpose, and temporarily Fuspendod the quick and rota-
tory motion of their weapons. Captain Erskine look
advantage of this pauso tu scizo the Imlbcrt of one of his
sergeants, to the extreme |Hiint of which he hastily at-
tochcd a white pocket handkerchief, that was loosely
thrust into tho breast of his uniform; this he waved on
high three several times, and then relinquishing the
halbort, dropped also on his knoo within the square.
" The dog of a Saganaw asks for mercy," said a voice
from within tho bomh.prnof, and speaking in the dialect
of the Uttawas. "His palu ting bespoaks the quailing
of his heart, ami his attitude denotes tho timidity of the
hind. His warriorB are like himself, and oven now u|M)n
their knees they call upon their Manitou to preserve
them from the vengeanio of the red-skins. Uul mercy
is not for dogs liko these. Now is the time to make
our tomahawks warm in their blood; and every head
that wo count shall be a scalp upon our war poles."
As he ceased, one universal and portentous yell burst
IVom the fiond-liko band ; and again lliu weapoiit ol
death were Qerecly brandished around the heads of tho
slupified soldiers who had (alien into their |)ower.
"What can they be about?" anxiously exclaimed
Captain Erskine, in the midst of this deafening clamour,
to his subaltern. "Quiet, man; damn you, quiet, or
I'll cut you down," he pursued, addressing one of hia
soldiers, whoso impatience caused him tn bring his
inuskut half up to the )shoulder. And again he turned
his head in the direction of the fort: — "Thank God,,
hero it cunios at lust, — I feared my signal had not been
iiotiicd."
While ho yet Bjiokc, tho loud roaring of a cannon
from the ramparts was heard, and u shower of grape-
shot passed over the heads of the dntachmcnl, and was
seen teaiing up the earth around the buiiih-prnof, and
scattering IVaginenlg of stone and wood into tho air.
Tlie men binmltaneously and unbidden gave three
•cheers.
Jn an instant the scene was changed. As if moved
by some mechanical impulse, the fierce band that lined
the bomb-proof sank Iwlow the surface, and weie no
longer visible, while the warriors in the forest again
sought shelter behind the trees. The ca|ilured soldiers
were also liberated without injury, so sudden and start-
ling had boon the terror produced in tho savages by tho
lightning flush that announced its heavy messengers of
destruction. Discharge after discharge succeeded w ith-
out intermission ; but tho guns had been levelled so
high, to prevent injury to their own men, they had litllo
other efliict than to keep the Indians from tho attack.
The rush of bullets through the chisc forest, and Iho
crashing of trees and branches as thoy fell with start-
ling force upon each other, were, with the peals of ar-
tillery, the only noises now to be heard ; for not a yell,
nut a word was uttered by the Indians after tho first
discharge ; and but for the certainly that existed in
every mind, il might have been BupjiuKed the whole of
them had retired.
'•Now is your time," cried Captain Erskine; "bring
in tho litter to the rear, and stoop as much ns j.-ossiblo
to avoid the shot."
The poor half-strangled fellows, however, instead of
obeying tho order of their captain, looked round in
every direction for the enemy by whom they had been
so rudely handled, and whohad glided from them almost aa
iin|)crccplibly and swiftly as they had at first approached.
It Bccmed as if they apprehended that any attempt tu
remove the body would be visited by those fierce devils
with the same appalling and ferocious thrcatcnings.
"Why stand ye there, yo dolts," continued their
captain, "looking around as if ye were liowitched?
Ilring the litter in to the rear. Mitchell, you old fool,
aro you grown a coward in your age? Aro you not
ashamed to set such an cxamplu to your comrades ?"
Tho doubt thus implied of the courage of his men,
who, in fact, wero merely stupificd with the scone tliry
had gone through, had, as Captain Erskine expected,
tho desired eflbct. They now bent themselves to tho
litter, on which they had previously deposited their
muskets, and with a self-poBscssion that contranted sin-
gularly with their recent air of wild astonishment, boro
it to the rear at tho risk of being cut in two at every
moment by the fire from tho fort. One fierce yell, in-
I tinctivcly prufl'ered by several of tho lurking band in
the forest, marked their disappointment and rage at tl">
escape of their victims; but all attempt at uncovering
lhemBolveB,so as to bo enabled to fire, was prevented by
the additional showers of grapo which that yell imniu-
diutcly brought upon them.
Tho position in wh:ch Captain Erskino now found
himself was highly critical. Uefuro him, and on either
flank, was a multitude of savages, who only awaited tho
cessation of the fire from the fort to commence their
fierce and impetuous attack. That that fire could not
lung be sustained was evident, siiico ammunition could
ill be spared for tlio present inefficient purpose, where
supplies of all kinds were to difficult to be obtained ;
and, if ho should attempt a retreat, the upright position
of his men exposed thorn to tho risk of being swept away
by the ponderous metal, that already faiinod their checka
with the air it so rapidly divided. Suddenly, however,
tliu fire fVom the batteries was discontinued, and this ho
know to bo a signal for liiiiisclf. lie gave an order in
a low voice, and the detachment quitted their recum-
bent and defensive position, still remaining formed in
square. At the same instant, « gun flashed from tha
fort ; but not at before was hoard the ruthing sound of
the destructive shot crushing the trees in its resistless
course. The Indians look courage at this circnm-
Btanoo, for Uioy doomed tho bulloU of their eiiondos
^ »•■■•.. , '■ .■' 'i!
".v,^l
m
i
.y^i
IV
216
WACOirsTA, OR THE PROPHECY.
mm7-
«**!'^'\
fill
were expended ; and that they were merely discharging
their powder to kec:) ,up the apprehenxion originally
produced. Again thoy showed thoinsclvcs, like so many
(lemons, from behind their lurking places ; and yells and
shouts of the most terrific and threatening character
once more rent ilie air, and ecliucd tiirough the woods.
Their cries of anticipated triumph were, however, but
uf short duration. Presently, a hissing noise was heaid
• in the air; and close to the bomb-pruof, and at the very
skirt of the forest, they beheld a huge globe of iron full
perpendicularly to the earth, to llie ouier part of which
was attached what thoy supposed to be a reed, that spat
forth innumerable sparks of fire, without however, seem-
ing to tlireaten the slightest injury. Attracted by the
novuj sight, a dozen warriors sprang to the spot, and
fastened their gaze upon it with all tlie childish w(mder
and curiosity of men in a savage state. One, more
eager and restless than his fellows, stooped ovei it to
feel with his hand of what it was composed.. At that
moment it burst, and limbs, and head, and entrails, were
seen flying in tire air, with the fragments of the shell,
and prostrate and struggling forms lay writhing on
every land in the last, fierce agonies of death.
A yell of despair and a shout of tiiumph burst at the
same moment from the adverse parties. Taking ad-
vantage of the teiror produced, l)y this catastrophe, in
the savages. Captain Erskine caused the men beoring
the corpse to retreat, with all possible expedition, under
the ramparts of tJie fort. Ho waited until they got
nearly half way, and then threw forward the wheeling
reclions, that had covered this movement, once more
into single fijc, in which order he commenced his re-
treat. Step by stop, and almost imperceptibly, the men
paced backwards, ready, at amorncnt'."< notice, to re-form
the square. Partly recovered from the terror and sur-
prise produced by the bursting of the shell, the Indidus
were quick in perceiving this movement: filled with
rage at having been so long baulked of their aim, tljcy
throw themselves once more impetuously from tlieir
rover ; and, with stimulating yells, at length opened
their fire. Several of Captain Erkskine's men were
wounded by this discharge; when, again, and furiously
the Cannon opened from the Ibrt. It was then that the
superiority of the artillery was made manifest. Both
right and left of the retreating files the ponderous shot
flew heavily past, carrying death and terror to tlio
Indians ; while not a man of those who mtervnned was
scathed or touched in its progress. The warriors in the
forest were once morn compelled to shelter themselves
behind the trees; but in the bcmib-proof, where they
were more secure, they were also more hold. Krom this
a gulling fire, niin|>lej with the most hideous yells, was
now kept up ; and the detachment, in their slow re-
treat, sulfcred considerably. Several men had been
killed; and, about twenty, including Lieutenant John-
stone, wounded, when again, one of those murderous
globes fell, hissing in the very centre of the bomb-proof.
l;i an instant, tlin Indian firo was discontinued; iind
tlioir dark and pliant forms were seen hurrying with
alinost incredible rapidity over the dilapidated waMs, and
flying into the very heart of the forest, so that when
tlio shell exploded, u few seconds afterwards, not a war-
rior was to be seen. Krom this moment the attack was
not renewed, and (.'aptain Erskine made good hisretron!
without further nmlostation.
"Well, old bufl'ers!" exclaimed one of the leading
tiles, as the detachment, prereded by its dead and wound-
ed, now moved along the ;;in:it in the dirrelioii of (he
dra»-bridgp. " how did you like the grip of them blaok
iavages?— I M„y, Mitchell. (Jd iNick will scarcely know
the face of you, it's so mueli altered by fright. i)id you
see," turning to the man in his rear, "how hurnm-
scarum he looked, when tlio captain called out In hini to
come off?"
" Hold your chipper, you spooney, nnd he A d to
you !" exclaimed the angry veteran •■ Had the Iiigian
fustoned his paw upon your ugly neck as lie did upon
mine, nil tlio pitiful lilb your mother i vor put into you
would Inivu been spirited away fiom very fear; so yon
needn't brag."
"Sure, and if any of yc had a grain of spunk, ye
would have fired, nnd freed n follow fnnn the clutch of
them login tliiovas," muttered another of the men at
the litter. "All Ihe time, the devil had me by the
thioat, swinging his tornmyhnwk about my head, \ saw
ye dancing up nnd down in the huavons, instead of be-
ing on your marrow bones on lh» common."
•' And didn't I want to do it V rejoined the first
speaker. " Ask Tom Winklur iiere, if Iho oaptaui didn't
swear he'd cut my head off if I even offered so much as
to touch the trigger of my inuskel."'
" Kaitli, and lucky he did," replied his covering man
(for the ranks hud again joined), "since hut fur that,
there wouldn't bo at this moment so much as a hair of
the scalp of one of you left."
"By gracious," said a good-humoured, quaint looking
Irishman, who had been fixing his eyes on the litter
during this colloquy; "it sanies to me, my bu^s, that
ye have caught the wrong cow by the horns, and that
all your pains has been tor nothing atall,at all. By the
pope, ye are all wrong; it's like bringing suit butter to
Cork, or coals to your Newcastle, as yo call it. Who
the divil ever heard >if the officer wearing ammunition
shoes ;"
'I'he men all turned their gaze on that part of the
vestment of the corpse to whicli their attention had lieoii
diiectcd by this remark, when it was at once perceived,
although it hud hitliortu escaped the observation oven
of tlio oflicers, that, pot only the shoes were those
usually worn by tlio soldiers, and termed ammunition
or storo shoes, but also, the trowsors were of the de-
scription of coarse grey, peculiar to that rluss.
" By the piper and yo're right, Dick Dohorty," ox-
claiincd another Irishman; "sine, and it isn't the officer
at all ! .lust look at the great blai:k fist of him too, and
never call me Phil Shcbaii, if it over was ni.ndo for the
bundling of an otlicer's spit.''
" What a set of hignorainusos yo must be," grunted
old Mitchell, " not to see that tho captain's liand is only
covered with dirt; and as fur the ammunition shoes and
trowsers, why you know our oflicers wear any thing
since we have been cooped up in this here fort."
"Yes, by tho holy poker, otl" duty, if they like it,"
returned Phil Shelian; " but it isn't even the colonel's
own born son that daro lo do so while oflicer of the
guard."
At this point of their conversation, one of the leading
men at the litter, in turning to look at its subject,
stumbled over the root of a slump that lay in his way,
and fell vinleiitly forward. The sudden action destroyed
the equilibrium of the corp.'je, which rolled off its tem-
porary bier U|)on the earth, and disclosed, for the first
lime, a fare begrimed with masses of clotted blood,
wliieh hud streamed forth from the sculped brain during
the night.
" It's the divil himself." said Phil Sheban, makingthe
sign of the cross, half in jest, liiilf in earnest: " lor it
isn't I lie eaptin at all, and who but tho divil could have
managed to clap on his riginiilituls ?"
"No, it's an Ingian," remarked Dick Burfbrd, saga-
ciously; "it's an Inginn that has killed the captain, and
dressed himself in his clothe'. I thought ho smelt
strong, when I helped to pick him up."
" What a set of prating fools ye are," intorriiplod the
leading sergeant ; " who ever saw an Ingiaii with light
hair? and sure this hair in tho neck is that of a
Christian."
At that moment (Captain Rrskine, altractoil by the
sudden halt produced by the falling of the body, cime
quickly up lo the front.
"What is tlie meaning of all this, Cussidy?" he
sternly demanded of the sergeant; "why is liiis halt
without my orders, and how comes the body hero ?"
"Carter stiini'iled against a root, sir, and the body
rolled over upon the ground."
" .And was the body lo roll hack again ?" angrily re-
joined his captain. " What mean ye, follows, by stuiid-
ing there; q'liek, replace it iipim the litter, and miml
this docs not o'-enr again."
" They say, sir,"' said Ihn sergeant, respectfully, as
tho men prmieednd to their duly, " that it is not Cnplai"
de Haldiiiuir after all, hut an Ingian."
" Xnl Cjplain ilc Huldinmrl are ye all mad? and have
Ihe Indians, in reality, turned your' brains with fear .'"
What, however, was his own surprise, and that ol"
Iiieutenunt .lohnstoiie, when, on a closer examination of
the i-orpse, which Ihe men had now placed with its (ace
uppermost, lliey discovered the bewili.ering fact that il
was not, indeed, C^aptnin do Hnldiiiiar who lay before
them, bill a stranger, ilressed in the. uniform of that otTi-
ccr.
There was no time to solve, or even to dw^lF on the
singular my *lery ; for the Indians, though now retired,
might be expected lo rally ard renew the attack. Onee
more, therefore, the detachment moved forward ; Ihe offi-
ccrs dropping as before to the rear, to watch any move-
ments of the enemy should he re-appcar. Nothing, how.
ever, occurred to interrupt their march ; and in u few
minutes Uie iicavy clanliing sound of the chains of the
drawbridge, as it was again raised by its strong pullit.^
and the dull creaking sound of the rusty holts and locks
that secured the |)ondcrous gate, announced the detncli.
incnt was once more safely within the fort.
While the wounded men were being conveyed to the
hospital, a group, comprising almost all the officers ol'the
garrison, hastened to meet Captain Erskine and IjIc^.
tenant Johnstone. Congratulations on the escape of tlie
one, and coniplinients, rather than condolences, on ih,;
accident of the other, which the arm en icharpe denoiij
to be slight, were hastily and warmly proflercd. 'Wi-^
felicitations were the genuine ebullitions of the hearts of
men who really felt a pride, unmixed with jealousy, m
the conduct of their fellows ; and so cool and exeelleiu
had been the manner in which Captain Krskinc had »c.
complished his object, that it had claimed the undividid
admiration of all who had been sjicctators of the hffm
and hud, with the aid of tiicir telescopes, been eimbloij
to follow the minutest movements of the dctachintnt.
" By heaven 1" he at length replied, his cho»» .^v.-llim,
with gratified pride at the warm and generous approval
of his companions ; " this more than repays me for erctv
risk. Yet, to be sincere, the credit is not mine, biii
Wentworth's. But for you, my dear fellow," graspino
and shaking the hand of that officer, " wc should have
rendered but a Flemish account of ourselves. Hoiv
beautii'uUy those guns covered our retreat ! and the first
mortar that sent the howling devils flying in air like m
many Will-o'the-wiaps, Vv'ho placed tliat, Wcntworlh '"
" I did," replied the oflicer, with a quickness that dr.
noted a natural feeling of exultation ; "but Bom bard in
Kitson's was the most effective. It was his shell ilm
drove the Indiana finally out of the bomt>-proof, and Icii
the coast clear for your retreat."
"Then Kitson, and his gunners also, merit our best
thanks," pursued Captain Erskine, whose spirits, now
that his detachment was in safety, were more l|ii,u
usually exhilarated by the exciting events of tlie Wt
hour ; " and what will bo more acceptable, |>erhaps, ihty
shall each have a glass of my best old Jamaica befoK
they sleep, — and such stuflf is not to be met with cvory
day in this wilderness uf a country. But, confound mc
stupid head ! where are Charles de Huldiniar and Sir
Everard Valletort?"
" Poor Charles is in a high fever, and confined to his
bed," remarked Captain Blessington, who now came up
adding his congratulations in a low tone, that marked tlie
dc8(>oi:dcncy of liis heart ; " and Sir Everard 1 have just
lcf\ on tlie rampart with the company, looking, as he well
may, the very imago of despair."
" Run lo tliom, Suinners, my dear boy," said Erskiiic,
hastily addressing himself to a young ensign who stood
near him ; "run quickly, and relieve them of their error.
Say it is not De Ilaldimar who has liecn killed, therefore
they need not make themselves any longer uneasy on that
score." The officers gave a start of surprise. Sunnier",
however, hastened to acquit himself of the pleasing task
assigned him, without waiting to hear the explanation o!'
the singular declaration.
" Not De Ilaldimar 1" eagerly and anxiously cxcluiiucd
Captain Blessington ; " who then have you brought to us
in his unilhrin, which I clearly distinguished from the
rampart as you passed ? Surely you would not tanmr
with MS at such a moment, Erskiiio?"
" Who it is, I know no more than Adam," rejoined l!i»
other ; " unless, indeed, it lie the devil himself. .■Ml I Jj
know, is, it is not our friend l)c Ilaldimar ; ahhoiijrh, as
you observe, he most certainly wears his unirorm. Bal
yon shall sen nnd judge for yourselves, gentlemen. Ser.
geant Cassidy," he 'uquircil of that indiviilual, who ncn
came to ask if the detachment was to be disinissiii,
" whcri^ have you placed the litter '"
" Unoer the piazza of the guard-room, sir," nnsworo!
the sergennl. These words hail scarcely been iiltcmi.
when a gener.il and hasty movement of the oflleers, aiii.
inns to satisfy themselves by [H-rsonnl observation il wu
mil inileed l>e Haldiinar who had fallen, took place in llie
dire<:tion alluded to, and in the next moment Ihey wen
at the Fide of the litter.
A blankel hud lieen thrown upon the corpse to cnnml
the loathsome disHgurement of Ihe liiee, over wliich I
masses of thick coagulated blood were laid in inlolw
and streaks, that sel all recognition at defianee. Tik
formation of tho head alone, which was round niidpihorl.
denoted it lo be nnl De Haldiniur's. Not a featiiromi
left undeliled ; and even the eyes were <io covered, it »u
impossible to say whether tlicir lids were closed or open
More than one ofliuer's cheek poled with the sickneji lint |
rose to his heart as he gazed on the hideous spectacle
yd, as the curiosity of all was strongly excited to kr,o» I
who file murdered man really won wTio had boon lo im- 1
The hour fixed f'oj
|oivarrived, and the
let in the mess-rooi
fcble covered with gi
li iK'iis, ink, and pi
jface, and such not
kl aieinbcrs inighl
|c trial. (Captain li
n cither hand, were
foiipyiiig the lowc
Vcral ottieers, serio
kl to |)erfiirin, wn
hii! the presence of
bill of the presiden
Ivcrcd, and with his
l«ijiiiil given bv the'
l»t individual dlsapp
Trd^ Frank Hallowi
Willi nijilil, was ush
bJcr Knsigii Forlest
IThf prisoner havin|
T> of the president, t
f cuslninnry oath.
m of the court, whc
|lit hand ii|)on the p
rnl, the form of w
r.v llieii, after succe
ftiilicir lips, once m(
pit prosecutor was
mi ovoi lo the p
WACOUSTA, Oil THE PROPHECY.
217
i strong pullit^
' bolts and locks
ceil the detacli.
irt.
conveyed to the
he officers ol" the
ikiiie uiiil I.lcu.
he escape of Uie
dok'iices, on thi;
«f Aur/)f deiiok'j
roflered. 'I'lusi-
s ot' the hearts of
with jcalovisy, in
ool and oxcolleni
Krskine liad ac
icd the undiriilid
tors of the affair,
ipc?, been inaUcd
le detaclnneiit.
Ills cho»» .-.■•-'liiiu
renerous approvil
pays me for every
is not mine, but
fellow," graspin;
" wc should liave
' our8cl\\!8. Hoyt
rcat ! and the first
ying in air Ulii; so
it, Wcntworlli '"
quickness that do.
; '-but Bombardier
was his shell tint
omb-proof, and IcA
90, merit our liest
whose spirits, now
, were more tku
events of tlic Wt
table, jjcrhaps, tKy
old Jamaica bel'ore
be met with cviry
But, conluuiid my
: Huldimar and Sir
and confined to his
I who now came up
one, that marked tlw
Everard 1 have just
looking, as he well
boy," said Erskine,
ensign who stood
tiicm of their error.
Dcn killed, Iherel'ore
iigcr uneas)' on that
nrprihO. Sunnier',
f the plea-sing task
the ccplanation of
nxiously c.tcluinicd
■ you brought to us
infruished Iroiri the
would not tam|K!
.dmn," rejoined iV
himself. All 1 Jo
iinar ; nlthmigh, «s
1 his uniform. Rut 1
L, (rrntletnen. Ser-
]idividiml, wlionon
to be distniMcd.
nni, sir," nnswcrcJ |
Ireely been nitercil,
tif the nffiiers, am-
I observation it wis I
, took place in tlif
(noment they were
• corpse to conrfil
J filer, over which
le l.nid ill inlehf
Int defiance. Tm
Is round and «!i»tl,
iNot a tVatnrc wti
l#o covered, it »u
Jre closed or opm
IhlhesiekncMtliil
Ihideous speclaolc i
ly excited to kr.o»
E had been to un-
couiitably inducted in the uniform of their lost corn-
"inioii they were resolved to satisfy themselves without
rirtlicr delay. A basin of warm water and a sponge were
n'roeurcd from the guard-room of Ensign Fortescue, who
uw joined them, and with these Captain BIcssingtoii
proceeded to remove the disguise.
In the course of this lavatiou, it was discovered the
extraordinary flow of blood and brains liad been pro-
duced by the infliction of a deep wound on the back of
the head, by the sharp and ponderous tomahawk of an
Indian. It was the only blow that had been given ; and
the circumstance of tlie deceased having been found ly-
jnir on his face, accounted for the quantity of gore, that,
trickling downwards, had so completely disguised every
Icature. As the coat of thick encrusted matter gave way
liencath the frequent application of the moistening sponge,
the piUhd hue of the countenance denoted the murdered
man to be a white. All doubt, however, was soon at an
end. T'o ammunition shoes, the grey trowscrs, the
coarse linen, and the stitf leathern stock encircling the
neck, attested tlie sufferer to be a soldier of the garrison ;
but it was not until the fiiee had been completely denud-
ed of its unsightly covering, and every feature fully ex-
posed, that that soldier was at length recognised to be
Harry DoncUan, the trusty and attached servant of Cap-
tain dc Haldimar.
While yet tlie oflicers stocnl apart, gazing at the corpse,
and forming a variety of conjectures, as vague as they
were unsatisfactory, in regard to their new mystery. Sir
Everard Valletorl, pale and breathless witli the speed lie
had used, suddenly appeared among tliem.
" God of heaven ! can it be true — and is it really not
Do Haldimar whom I have shot ?" wildly asked the agi-
tated yoiuig man. " Who is this, Erskine ?" he conti-
nued, glancing at the litter. " Explain, for pity's sake,
and quickly."
" Coniiiosc yourself, my dear Valletort," replied the
officer addressed. " You see this is not De Haldimar,
but his servant DoncUan. Neither has the latter met his
death from your rifle ; there is no mark of a bullet about
liiai. It was an Indian tomjihawk that did his business ;
and I will stake my head against a hickory nut the blow
came from the same rascal at whom you fired, and who
gave back the shot and the scalp halloo."
This opinion was unanimously expressed by the re-
mainder of the ofBccrs. Sir Everard was almost as much
overpowered by his joy, as he had previously been over
«helined by his despair, and he grasped and shook the
hand of ('aptain Erskine, who had thus been the means
io!' relieving his conscience, with an energy of gratitude
land feeling that almost drew tears from the eyes of that
blunt but gallant otlieer.
"TliankGod! thank God !" he fervently exclaimed:
1 have not then even the death of poor DoncUan to an.
iver for;" and hastening from the guard-room, he pur.
ued l\h course hurriedly and delightedly to the barrack-
oom of his friend.
CH.\PTER VI.
The hour fixed for the trial of the prisoner Halloway had
Low arrived, and the officers composing the court wire all
it't in tile mess-room of the garrison, surrounding a long
^ble covered with green clotli, over which were distribut-
1 |iens, ink, and paper for taking minutes of the cvi-
tnce, and such notes of the procredingg as the seve-
nienibcrs might deem necessary in the course of
lie trial, ('aptniu BIcssington presided ; and next him,
1 either hand, were the first in seniority, the two junior
feupying the lowest places. The demeanour of the
fvcral olKeers, serious and befitting the duty they were
Irl to |K'rforin, was rendered more especially solemn
Ym the presence of the governor, who sat a little to the
Jflit of tlie pnisidcnf, and without the circle, reiimined
Ivcred, and with his arms folded across liis chest. At
Isijiiiii given by the' president to the orderly in waiting,
Isl Individual illsapiienrcd from the room, and seon after-
Vds Frank Halloway, strongly ironed, as on the pre-
wiuj night, was ushered in by several files of the guard,
ider Knsigii rorteseue himself.
iThe prisoner having been stationed a few paces on the
n of tlic president, that officer stood up to administer
c customary oath. His example was followed by the
•I of the court, who now rose, and extending each his
lilt hand iqion the prayer book, repeated, af\cr the prc-
ifnt, the firm of words prescribed by military law.
ley tlicn, at\er succosiively touching the sacred volume
fh their lips, once more resumed their seats at the table,
The prosecutor was the Adjutant Lawaon, who now
bded ovoi to the president a paper, f>om which tho
latter officer read, in a clear and distinct voice, the lot-
lowing charges, viz. —
" 1st. For having on the niglit of the — th Septem-
ber 176;J, while on duly at the gate of the Fortress ol
Detroit, either admitted a stranger into the garri.son
himself, or suffered him to obtain admission, without
giving the alarm, or usin^r the means necessary to en-
sure Ills apprehension, such conduct bei' Jusonuble,
and ill lireai h of 'ho articles of war.
"2d. For linving been accessary to the anduction of
Captain Frederick de Haldimar and private Hurry Do-
nellun, the disappearnnce of whom from the garrison
can only be attributed to a secret understanding exist-
ing between the prisoner and tho enemy without the
walls, such conduct being treasonable, and in breach of
the articles of war."
" Private Frank Halloway," continued Captain Bles-
sington, after having perused these two short but impor-
tant ehargi'S, " you have heard what has been preferred
against you ; what say you, therefure 7 Are you guilty,
or not guilty ?"
" Not guilty," firmly and somewhat exultingly replied
tho prisoner, laying his hand at the same time on his
swelling heart.
" Stay, sir," sternly observed the governor, oddrcssiiig
the president ; " you have not read uH the charges,"
Captain Blessingtoii took up the paper from the table,
on winch ho had carelessly thrown it, atW reading the
accusations above detailed, and |ierceived, for the first
time, that a portion had been doubled back. His eye
now glanced over a third charge, which had previously
escaped his attention.
"Prisoner," he pursued, after the lapse of a minute,
" there is a third charge against you, viz. lor having, on
the night of the — th Sept. 17b3, suffered Captain de
Haldimar to unclose the gate of the fortress, and, hccoiii-
puniod by his servant, private Harry Donellun, to pass
your post without the sanction of tho governor, such
conduct being in direct violation of a standing order of
the garrison, and punishable with death."
The prisoner started. " What !" ho exclaimed, his
cheek paling for the first time with momentary appre-
hension; "is this voluntary confession of my own to
be turned into a charge that threatens my life ? Colonel
do Haldimar, is the explanation which I gave you only
this very hour, and in private, to be made the public in-
strument of my condemnation f Am I to dio because I
had not firmness to resist the prayer of my cuptuin and
of your son. Colonel de Hardimar ?"
The president looked towards the governor, but a sig-
nificant motion of the head was the only reply; he pro-
ceetlefl, —
"Prisoner Halloway, what plead you to this charge?
Guilty, or not guilty ?"
" I see plainly," said Halloway, oftor the pause of n
minute, (luring which he ap|)oared to bo summoning all
his energies to his aid ; " 1 see plainly that it is useless
to strive against my fate. Captain do Haldimar is not
here, and I must die. Still I shall not have tho disgrace
of dying as a traitor, though I own I have violated the
orders of the garrison."
" Prisoner," inteirupted Captain Blessingtfln, " what-
ever you may have to urge, you had better reserve for
your defence. Meanwhile, what answer do yuu make
to Iho last charge preferred ? — .\re you guiltv, or not
guilty?"
"Guilty," said Halloway, in a tone of mingled pride
and sorrow, "guilty of having listened to tho earnest
prayer of my captain, and suffered him, in viohition of
my orders, to pass my post. O;' the other charges I am
iniiocenl."
The court listened with the most profound attention
and interest to the words of the prisoner, nnd they
glanced at each oilier in a manner that marked their
sense of the truth they attached to his declaration.
" Halloway, prisoner," resumed Captain Blessington,
mildly, yet impressively ; " recolloot tho severe (lonalty
which the third charge, no loss than the others, entails,
and recall your admission. Bo advised by mo," he pur-
sued, observing his hesitation. "Withdraw your plea,
then, and substitute thntnf not guilty to the whole."
"Captain Blessington," returned Ilia pri.^oner with
deep emotion, "I led all tho kindness of your motive;
nnd if any thing can eonsojo me in my present situation,
it is the circumslanCD of having presiding at my trial
an officer so universally beloved by the whole corps.
Still," and again his voice acquired its wonted firmness,
and his cheek glowed with honest pride, "still, I say, I
scorn to retract my words. Of the two first charges I
am as innocent as the b«be unborn. To the Uit I plead
guilty ; and vuin would it be to say otherwise, since tho
g.ito was found open while 1 was on duty, and I know
the penalty attached t« the disobedience of orders."
A Her some further but ineffectual remonstrances on
the part of the president, the pleas of the prisoner were
recorded, aad the examination commenced. Governor
de Haldimar was the first witiiesis.
That officer, having been sworn, stated, that on tho
preceding night he had been intruded upon in his apart-
ment by a stranger, who could have obtained admission
only through the gate of the fortress, by which also ho
mu.st have made good his escape. That it was evident
the prisoner had been in correspondence with their oiie-
inies; since, on proceeding to examine the gate it had
been found unlueked, while the confusion manifested by
biin on being accused, satisfied all who were present of
tho enormity of his guilt. .Seurcli had been made every
where for the keys, but without success.
The second charge was supported by presumptive
evidence alone ; for although the governor swore to the
disapix;nrance of his son, and the murder of his servant,
and dwelt emphatically on the fact of their having been
forcibly carried oflf with the connivance of tho prisoner,
still there was no other proof of this, than the deduc-
tions drawn from the circumstances already detailed.
To meet this difficulty, however, tho third cliarge had
been framed.
In proof of this the governor stated, "that the prison"
er, on being interrogated by him immediitoly subsequent
to his being relieved from his post, had evinced such
confusion and hesitation, as to leave no doubt whatever
nf his guilt; thit, influenced by the half promise of
communication, which the court had heard as well as
himself, ho had sufTored the trial of the prisoner to bo
delayed until the present hour, strongly hoping he might
then be induced to reveal the share he had borne in these
unworthy and treasonable practices; that, with a view
to obtain this disclosure, so essential to the safety of tlie
garrison, he had.conjointly with Major Blackwnter, visit-
ed tho cell of the prisoner, to whom he related the fiict
nf the murder of Donncllan, in the disguise of his mas-
ter's uniform, conjuring him, at the same time, if he re-
garded his own life, and the safety of those who were
most dear to him, to give a clue to the sulution of this
mysterious circumstance, and disclose the nature and
extent of his coniicciinn with the enemy without; that
tho prisoner however resolutely denied, a.<i before, the
guilt imputed to him, but having had time to eoncoet a
plausible story, stated, (doubtless with a view to shield
jiiniself from the severe punishment he well knew to be
attached to his offence,) that Captain do Haldimar him-
self had removed tho keys from the guard-room, opened
the gate of tho fortress, and accompanied by his servant,
dressed in a coloured coat, had sallied forth upon tho
common. And this, emphatically pursued the governor,
the prisoner admits he permitted, although well aware
that, by an order of long standing for the security of
the garrison, such a flagrant dereliction of his duty
subjected him to the punishment of death.
Major Blackwater was tho next wititcss examined-
His testimony went to prove the fact of the gate hav-
ing been found n|icn, and the confusion ninnifested by
the prisoner. It also substantiated that |>art of the go-
vernor's evidence on the third charge, which related to
tho confession recently made by Halloway, on which
that charge had been framed.
The sergeant of the guard, nnd the governor's orderly
having severally corroborated the first portions of Major
Blackwater's evidence, the examination on the part of
tho prosecution terminated ; when the president called
on tho prisoner Halloway for his defence, '1'Iih latter,
in a clear, firm, and collected tone, and in turnia that
surprised his auditory, thus addressed the Court: —
"Mr. President, and gentlemen, — Although standing
before you in the capacity of a private soldier, and, oh !
hitter nnd humiliating reflection, in that most wretched
and disgraceful of all situations, a aus|)ccled trmior, I
am not indeed what I seem to be. It is not for me hero
to eriter into the history of my past life ; neither will- 1
tarnish the hitherto unsullied reputation nf my family
by disclosing my true name. Suffice it to observe, I am a
gentleman hy birth ; and although, of late years, I have
known all the hardships and privations attendant on my
fallen fortunes, I was once used to bask in the luxuries
of affluence, and to look upon those who now preside in
judgment over ma as my equals. A marriage of nfTec-
tion,— a mnrriage with one who had nothing but her
nwn virtues and her own beauty In recommend her,
drew upon me the displeasure of^mv family, and the
little I pottearad, independently of the pleasure of my
;.-»:'>
.' ,.r.' >
' ^'';f ^
m
^i-l
f
■'■ ''"-J,
-' i-
'..^' ilk
;:J^iiM
218
WACOIISTA, OR THE I'ROPIIKCY.
I H
il t
relations, was soon disbiiintod. My |iroiici soul scorned
nil thoiiglit of supjilication to tliO!<a who li:id ori>,'iMally
Kpurned my wife from their prespncc ; nnd yet my hctii t
lilud for tlio privatinnd of her who, alike ro^pcctahio in
family, was, both from sex and the natural delicacy of
lier frame, so far leas conslitulcd to bear up against the
frowns of adversity than myself. Oir extremity had
now become great, — loo great for human nnduranoii;
when, through the medium of tho public prints, I be-
came acquainted with the ^'lorious action that had been
fiiught in this country by tho army under (jcneral Wolle.
A new light burst suddenly u|>ou my mind, and visions
of alter pros(icrity constantly presented theinsolvos to
my view. The Held of lionour was open before me, and
there was u probability I might, by gi.od conduct, so fur
merit the approbation of my superiors, as to obtain, in
course of time, that rank among thcuisclvcs lo which
by birtli and education I was bo justly entitled toiispirc.
Without waiting to consult my Ellen, whoso opjwsiriDU
I tcured to encounter until opposition would bo liuiiless,
I hastened to Lieutenant Walgrave, the recruiting olli-
ccr of the ref;imenl, — tcndeied my services, — was nc
coptcd and approved, — received the bounty money, — and
became definitely a soldier, under the assumed name of
Frank Halluway.
"It would be tedious and impertinent, gentlemen,"
resumed tho prisoner, after a short pause, " to dwell on
the humiliations of spirit to which both my wife and
myself were subjected at our first introduction to our
new associates, who, although invariably kind to us,
were nevertheless, ill suited, Ixjlh by education and habit,
to awaken any thing like congeniality of leoling or
similarity of pursuit. Still we endeavoured, as much as
|iossiblc, lo lessen the distance that existed between us ;
nnd from the first moment of our joining the regiment,
ilcterminod to adopt tho phraseology and manners of
those with whom an adver.se destiny had so singularly
connected us. In this wo succeeded ; for no one, up to
the present moment, has imagined cither my wife or
myself to be other than the simple unpretending P'rank
and Ellen Halloway.
"On joining llu) regiment in this country," pursued
the prisoner, after onothor pause, marked by much emo-
tion, " I had the good fortune to be appointed to tho
grenadier company. Gentlemen, you all kmw the amia-
ble qualities of Captain dc Iluldimar. Hut although,
unlike yourselves, I have learnt to admire that ofHocr
only at a distance, my devotion to his interests has been
proportioned to the kindness with which I have over
been treated by him ; and may I not add, after this
avowal of my tornior con,dition, my most fervent desire
has all along been to seizo tho first favourable opimr-
tunity of performing some action that would eventually
elevate inc to a jmsition in which I might, without blush-
ing for the absence of the ennobling qualities of birth
and condition, avow myself liis friend, and solicit that
distinction from my equal which was partially extended to
mo by my superior ! The opportunity I sought was not
long wanting. .\t tho memora'ilo affair with tho French
general, Levi, at Quebec, in which our regiment boro so
conspicuous a part, I had tho good Cirtunc to save the
life of my captain. A band of Indians, as you all, ^u\\-
lloincn, must recollect, had approached our right flank
nnpcrccivod, and while busily ciiBagcd with tho French
iu front, we were compelled to divide our firo between
them and our licw and fierce assailants. The leader of
that band was a French officer, who seemed particularly
to direct his attempts against tho lilii of Captain dc IIuI.
(limar. He was a man of powerful proportions und
gigantic stature "
" Hold !" snid the governor, starting suddenly from the
Bcal'in which he had listened with evident impatience
to this long outline of the prisoner's history. "(Jentle-
nion," addressing tho court, " that is the very stranger
who was in my apartment last night, — tho baing with
whom the prisoner is evidently in treaehornus corres-
pondence, and all this absurd tale is but a blind to de-
ceive your judgment, and mitigate his own puniahmont.
Who is there to prove the man ho has just described was
the same who aimed at Captain do Haldimar's life ut
Quebec." , , ^
A llusli of deep indignation overspread the features
of the prisoner, whose high spirit, now lie had avowed
liis true origin, could ill brook tho aftront thus put upon
his veracity. , ., , .
"O>lonel de llaldimar!" ho proudly replied, while Ins
chains clanked with tho energy and tiirce with which
he drew up his person into an altitude of striking dig-
nity ; " for once 1 sink the private soldier, and address
you in the chaxacler of the gentloman and your equal.
I hnvo a soul, sir, notwitli:ilnn(ling my lallen fiirtunes,
as keenly alive to honnur as yri\ir own; and not even to
save my wrelclicd life, would I be guilty ol'llio hisemss
ynu now oltribiile lo me. You liavo nicked," ho pur-
sued, in a inoru sulenui tone, " what proof I have to
show this individual to be the same who altcuipted the
lite of Captain de llaldimar. To Captain do llaldimar
liiinscif, should I'rovidinec havj spared his days, I shall
leave tho melancholy task of bearing witness to nil I
heic advance, when I .shall be no inure, Kay, sir," and
his look partook at unco of mingled scorn and despiin-
dency, " well do I know tho fate that awaits me ; tor in
those proceedings — in that third cliargc — I plainly read
my death-warrant. But what, save my |>oor and
wretched wife, have I to regret? Colonel de llaldimar,''
he continued, with a vehemence meant to check the
growing weakness which the thought of his unlnrtunale
companion called up to his heart, '• I saved the lilb of
your son, even by ycur ov.n admission, no mutter whose
the arm that tlireuloned his o.\isteiiee; nnd in every
other action in which I have been engaged, honouiulile
mention has ever been made of my coiuiuet. Now, sir.
I nsk what has been my retvard ? tjo far from attend-
ing to the repeated recommendations of iny captain lor
promotion, even in a subordinate rank, iiavo you once
deenifld it necessary to acknowledge my services by even
a recognition of them in uny way whatever ?"
" Mr. President, Captain Klessington," interrupted the
governor haughtily, arc we met hero to listen to such
language from a private soldier ? You will do well, sir,
to exercise your prerogative, nnd stay such impertinent
mn;ter, which can have no reference whatever to the de-
fence of the prisoner."
' Prisoner," resumed the presi<lent, who a.i well as the
other members of the court, had listened with the most
profound and absorbing interest to the singular disclo-
sure of him whom they still only knew as Frank Hallo-
way, " this language cannot be |)eriiiittud ; you must con-
fine yourself to your defence,"
' Pardon me, gentlemen," returned Halloway, in his
usual firm but respectful tone of voice ; pardon me, if,
standing on the brink of the grave as I do, I-have so far
forgotten the rules of military discipline as to sink for a
moment the soldier in the gentleman ; but to be taxed
with an unworthy fabrication, and to be treated with
contumely when avowing the secret of my condition, was
more than human pride and huniaii feeling could tole-
rate."
"Confine yourself, prisoner, to your defence," ngnin
remarked Captain Hlessington, perceiving the restless-
ness with which the governor listened to lliese bold and
additional observations of Halloway.
\gain tho gnvcrnor interi>osed : — "What possible con-
nection can there be Ix^twoen this man's life, nnd the
crime with which he stands charged ? Captain Rlessing-
tnn, this is trilling with the court, who are assembled to
try tho prisoner lor his treason, and not to waste their
time ill listening to a history utterly foreign to tlic sub-
ject."
" The history of my past life — Colonel do llaldimar,"
proudly ictiinicd the |)risonrr, "although tedious and un-
interesting 4(J you, is of the utmost importance to my-
self; for on that do 1 ground tho most es*eutiiil part of
my defence. There is nothing but circumstantial evi-
dence against me on the two first charges; and as those
ahme can relleet dishonour on my memory, it is for the
wisdom of this court to determine whether that evidence
is to be credited in opposition to the solemn declaration
of him, who, in admitting one charge, equally nfteeting
his life with tho others, repudiates as foul those only
which would nttaiiit his honour. Gentlemen," ho pur-
sued, addressing the court, "it is for you to determine
whether my defence is to be conlinued or not ; yet, what
ever be my fate, I would fain remove all injurioui-
impression from the minds of my judges; and this can
only be done by a simple detail of cireumstmces, which
inav, by the unpiejudincd, ho ns simply believed."
Here the prisoner pausiid ; when, after some low nn<l
earnest conversation among tho members of the court,
two or three slips of written paper were passed to the
President. He glanc«'d his eye hurriedly over them, and
then directed Halloway to proceed with his defi-ncc.
" I have stated," pursued the interesting soldier, " that
the ollieer who led tho band of Indians was a man of gi-
gantic stature, nnd of apparently great strength. My ut-
tcntion was particularly directed to him from this circum-
sfjincc, and as I was on the extreme llnnk of tho grena-
diers,aiid eloso to Captain de Haldimar, I had every oppor-
tunity of observing his movement!) principally pointed at
that officer. Ho first discharged a carbine, the hall of
wliicji killed a man of tho company at his (Captain dc
Hnldiomr's) side; nnd then, with evident rnge ut luviti.r
been deli^'ited in his aim, he took a pistol Irom hin tth
and advancing with rapid strides to within a tew iwcmci
his intended victim, presented it in the most di libcrait
manner. At ttud nionient, gentlemen, (nnd it was bci
the work of a moment,) a thousand conlu.-ed nnd nlrarji
incxplicoblc fi-eliiigs rose lo my heart. The cccasiin 1
had long sought was at length within my rcaili ; bm
even the personal eonsideratiens, which had liithi rto in.
Iliieneed my mind, were sunk in the anxious desire I ej.
tertaiiied to preserve the lilb of an officer so universullv
beloved, and so every way worthy of tho socrilice.
While yet the pistol remained levelled, I sprang h<:brt
Captain dc Haldimar, received the liall in my breast, ond
had just strength sulfieient to fire my musket nt Ihc lor.
niidable enemy, wh'-n I sank senseless to the earth,
" It will not be diflieult lor you, gentlemen, who Im,,
feeling minds, to understand the plcu.surable pride niil,
which, on lieing conveyed to Captain de Haldimar's ma
apartments in Quebec, 1 found myself almost mj.
whebned by the touching marks of gratitude showcrid (n
me by his amiable relatives. Miss Clara de Haldiniur.jii
particular, like a ministering angel, visited my couclmf
sulfering at almost every hour, and olways providi d ni
some little tielicacy, suitable to my condition, of wliichl
had long since tutored mj-self to forget even the Uft.
But what principally afforded mo pleasure, was to remark
the consolalions which she tendered to my poor drot.pjrf
Ellen, who, already more than half subdued by the hk.
lancholy change in our condition in life, frequently sptnt
hours together in silent grief at tiie side of my couth, and
watching every change in my countenance with all dj,
intense anxiety of one who feels the last stay on earth ii
about to be severed for ever. Ah ! how I then longed to
disclose to this kind and compassionating being tlio tnie
imsition of her on whom st.t lavished her attention, and
to make her known not a? i.'ie inferior honoured by her
notice, but as the equal alike worthy of her friendship
and deserving of her esteem ; but the wide, wide bartin
that divided the wife of tiic private soldier from ihg
daughter and sister of the coqimissioncd olliccr sealed u;
li|>s, imd our true condition continued unrevcalcd,
" Gentlemen," resumed Hallowny, after a short paw,
" if I dwell on these circumstances, it is with a view to
show how vile are the charges preferred against me. Ii
it likely, witli all the incentives to good conduct 1 have
named, I should have proved a traitor to my coimtry I
An<l, even if so, what to gain, I would ask ; and by wlm
meare was a correspondence with the enemy to be main.
tuined 'i one in my humble station 7 As for the second
charge, how infamous, how injurious is it to my rcpnti.
tion, how unworthy to be entertained! From the mo.
inent of my recovery from that severe wound, every unri
of favour that could be bestowed on persons in our situf
tion had been extended to my w ife and myself, by the
family of Colonel dc Haldimar; and my captain, krinir.
ing me merely as the simple and low born Frank IlslU
way, although still the preserver of his lif'e, has b(c'
unceasing in his exertions to obtain such promotinnii
he thought my conduct generally, independently of mi
dcvotcdness lo his person, might claim. How these lii-
plications were met, gentlemen, I liuvo already Blaltd;
but notwithstanding (Colonel do Haldimar has mta
deemed 1110 worthy of the promotion solicited, th.ttj-
eumstancc could in no way weaken my regard and il
lacliment for him who had so often demanded it Hci
then, in the name of heaven, can a charge so iniprotij
hie, so extravagant, as that of having been instruineiililiil
the abduction of Captain do Haldimar, be cnlertsindlll
und who is there among you, gentlemen, who will litl
one moment IkHcvc I could harbour a thought so oljsidl
as that of lending myself to tho destruction of cnclal
whom I once cheerfiilly offered up the sacrifice of ml
hU>od 1 And now," pursued tho pri.wnor, after aiiotlnl
short pause, " I come to the third charge, — that thir(il
which most affects my life, but impugns neither my IftI
nour nor my fidelity. That (iod, before whom I kiiojil
shall shortly appear, can attest tho sincerity of my stat»l
ment, nnd belliro him do I now solemnly declaru whitll
am alMjut to relate is true.
" Soon after the commencement of my wtlfh i
night, I heard a voice distinctly on the outside of ihe n
part, near my |>ost, calling in a low and snlMlucdtorad
the name of ('aptain de Haldimar. The aceenls, liu"
and anxiously uttered, were apparently those of sfcmi
For a momeiit I conlinued irresolute how to net, andk
sifatvd whether or not I should alarm the gurri^nn;
of length, presuming it was boiiio young female cfll
village with whom my captain was acquainted, it ncflil
red to me the most prudent course would be to apf
that officer himuclf. While I yet hesitated wlitthn*
leave my pn
cro'ijd the p
tola lie llald
cnrryiiijr soin
guard-room.
ijalc wished t(
in the course
wlii'ii I told hi
v<iice again re
nud turned to
ll.i!ra:nj)art. Si
iiiiaiedi.iti'ly a
as if the persoi
in the act of
.iiiceoeded, who
wrlies. The i
jjnish innrliculi
njKikc nut in Ei
Indians, a ting
gentlemen. Cap
eontiiiued about
lustily descend
ri'ctinn of the gi
iluldi^iiar rc-ap
- ^servant Oonellai
mim hand, and he
llhc fiirest on soil
Kili'ty of the gari
"At first 1
lenally attache __
■nation of whii
jy flic governor,
tcspectiully to ui
laiiicd, if the bu!
Ificrihed it Caji
ic well knew th
jilssion, unless he
liu'e and extent of
lifje, lie said, ho \
irjuuicnt of this n
enforce his auth
, T of the guard, b
^lin o)' confineiner
nijH'de his departu
!r remit ; for I ki
iblti to the order
Irmly refused to vii
I'indiiig iiimsel
ly obediejiee, (Japt
titalcd nnd annoyi
Div descended to ei
'hich I had prcserv
ihicli ho had ever s
rcrcnt his departi
Ii', my life, my fatli
'rlia|H, who nurse
Mtcil your ivife wi
ipi'iid u|>on your r
IC,' lie pursued, foli
'iirly (icrceived he ,
d l(i)ii;liing langua
;hour; there is n
id here will 1 be li
St; no one can ki
;rel will remain wi
jink,' hi' eonehided,
piiient to disols.'y a
thire was some v
111;' / itiit there is
■ay! I entreat yoi
de|nrtnn>. I pie,
relieved.'
rlii'iltleiiien," imp
(er pause, during
^mi'il to bri'atho fo
•ntionofall lieen ri
Ihr declaration, "1
nld I bit expected
ililimar, in the most
[th'w most d(.ar to ,
hi« request, how (
paved, and whoso
in M earnestly, nny,
W to his prayer, i'm
'inied not lic'fore am
discovery of my hr
punislimeiil iiieviti
'0 to usure mo hu si
•I'll, nnd when I clos
Iho firm impression
Icmpnrary nature 1:
WACOrSTA, OU THE PrOPlIBUf.
219
,t rnjje ut liavini;
ol Ironi lii« Icli,
,in a tVw |>ansn
3 iiinsl lie litcrile
(mill it WLs bti
iluseil and almr.ji
Tlic occasion 1
II my nut h ; Ui
h bad hitlw tlo in.
xious ditiif 1 fn.
;cr so UlliviTsl.llv
ot' tliu Bocrilice.
, I sprang tniort
in my brinst, tmi
musket nt the lot.
to tlic earth,
itlemcn, who liato
suruble pride will,
Ic Ilaldiiiiar's owa
V'self almost (jvk-
iitudc showcrol n,
ira de Haldinisr, In
isitcd my couch i.|'
ways providid wiih
ndition, of wliichl
irgct even the Ui(,
sure, was to remark
o my poor drotipinf
iiibdutd by the i;n.
ilo, Ircquently sfiM
ido of my conch, anil
enanco witli all tlm
last stay on eartli Ii
low Ithen longed lo
lating being the tn»
cd her attention, anil
ior honoured by iiet
y of her friendship
ic wide, wide bartiti
to soldier from il»
incd oflicer sealed iiij
3d unrevealed.
y, after a short pause,
it is with a view to
rrcd against mc. li
good conduct 1 lian
itor to my country 1
|uld ask ; and by whl
[ic cnomy to be main.
? As lor the secowi
IS is it to my reputi.
ncd ! From the n»
c wound.cvery msik
persons in our silui-
J and myself, by Iht
;1 my captain, V\m-
\v born Frank lUU
f his life, has bit'
n such promotion i!
independently of m;
aim. How these p
mvc already Blattii;
laldimar has niw
in solicited, th. Ho-
my regard and *'
demanded it Hii
charge so inipU-l
been instrunienUli
mar, bo entcrlair.(ill|
itlemcn, who will b
. a thought so olsuHl
Icstruction of mm
the sacrifice of ra
i.wner, after anotta!
jhargc,— that <i»'f\
lugns ni'illi''r my W
fore whom I kno*'
ineerity of my sW»|
mnly acclaru vm
\i of my valfli
lie outside of the
1 nnd BuMucd tont
1 The accents, lii
litlythoscofafci
. how to act, oik!
Im the garrison;'
1 young fciii")' »''
I acquainted, il "
1 w<mld he to «ri
I hesitated tvlitw'
I'lic my pos' ""■ " "■>o"'t'"' *"■■ "'" P'Tpos*'. 1 '»:'"
cm"iA tho p^irade a few yards in my front; it was Ciip-
i in do Haldiiiiir's servant, Douelhrn, liien in the net of
rrvin" some tilings from iiis master's apartment to the
TiarJ-room. I callcJ to him, to say tho sentinel ut the
ntc wi-^hcd to see the captain of the gnard immediately.
in thfi course of a fjw iiiinutes he eaiiio up to my |H).=it,
■ " ■ rn what I had heard. At that moment, the
voice a"ain rcjK-ated liis name, when he abruptly Ictl mc
wliei'i I told bi'f »''"'' ' '""' '"•■"'<'• -'^' !'"''■ moment, the
oice a"ain rciK-ated liis name, when he abruptly Ictl mc
ml lurlioJ to tlic left of the gate, evidently on his way lo
II ,' rau'iart Soon afterwards I lieiird Captain do Haldiiiiar
imimdialcly above me, sharply calling out 'Hist, hist!'
as if the per-^on on the outside, despairing of success, was
in the act of relieating. A moment or two of silence
succeeded, when a low convcrsatiim ensned between the
ittics. The distance was so ifieat I could only distin-
rui-ih inarticnlat.' sounds; yet it seemed to me as if they
lokc not in Knglisli, but in the language of the Oltaw;i
Iiidiaus, a tongue with which, a.s you are well aware,
irentlemen, Captain do Ilaldimar is familiar. This had
continued about ten minutes when I again heard footsteps
|ii<lily descending the rampart, and moving in the di-
TiCtinn of the guard-house. Soon afterwards Captain de
ilaldimar reappeared at my post, nccoinpanii'd by his
servaiit .Oonellan ; tho formi'r hiul tlic keys of the gate in
his hand, and he told me that he must pass to the skirt of
ti.rcst on some business of the last inipoituieo to the
lalcly of the garrison.
"At first 1 peremptorily refused, etatmg tho severe
icnally attached to the infringement of an order, the ob-
crvation of which hud so especially been insisted uiion
If the governor, whose permission, however, I ventured
•c.<|ii'Ct!iilly to urge, might, without dilHeulty, be ob-
ained, if ilie business was really of tho importance he
Licrihcd it Captain do Haldiniar, however, dcelare<l
well knew the governor would not accord that per
lission, unless he was positively actiuaintcd with the na-
liirc and extent of the danger to be apprehended ; and of
lific, he said, he was not himself sufficiently aware. All
iruuinent of this nature proving ineffectual, he attempted
I'cnforcc his authority, not only in his capacity of otH-
r of the guard, but also as my captain, ordering mc, on
Ilia of confinement, not to interfere with or attempt to
iii'iede his departure. This, however, produced no bet
ir' result ; for I knew that, in this instmce, I was anic.
Ml' to the order of tho governor alone, and I again
irmly refused to violate my duty.
" l''indiiig himself thwarted in his attemjit to enforce
V obedience, ('aptain de Ilaidimax, who seemed much
ilated and annoyed by what he termed my ol«tinney
m descended to entreaty ; and in the name of that lilij
liich I had preserved to him, and of that deep gratitude
hicli he iLid ever since borne to me, conjured me not to
cnt his departuie. ' Halloway,' he urged, ' your
my life, my father's life, — the life of my sister t!lara
TJiaps, who nursed you in illness, and who has ever
atcd your •vile with attention and kindness, — all these
pciid ui>on your coinpliancu with my re(|uest. Hear
,' he pur.sued, following up the impression which he
arly |ierceived he had produceul in nie by this singular
1 iiiiK^hiiig language : ' I promis(! to 1m! back within
our; there is no danger attending my departure,
I here will 1 he before you are relieve<l from your
it; no one can know I have been uhsenf, and your
;tel will remain with Donellan and myscll'. Do you
ill'*,' he e(uieliided, ' I would encourage u soldier of my
fiiiient to disolH^ a standing order of the garrison, un-
tlure was some very extraordinary reason for my so
I;' I liut there is no time to bo lost in parley, llul-
ay I I entreat you to oiler no further op|)osition to
depirture. I pledge myself to be back before you
rilievcd.'
"lientleineii," impressively continued the prisoner,
T a pause, during which each member of the court
snii'd to breathe lor the first time, so deeply had the
ntioii of all been riveted by the latter part, ol this sin
ilir declaration, "how, under these circumstances.
Id 1 bo ex|iected to act? Assured by CajiUiin de
Idiniar, in the most solemn manner, that the existence
tliosu most dear to his heart hung on my compliance
his request, how cnidd 1 refuse to liim, whose life I
fivcd, and whose character I so much estuenicd, a
in so earnestly, nay, so imploringly solicited ? I ac
led tn his prayer, intimating at the samo time, if ho
inicd not Iwforc another sentinel should relievo mc,
discovery of my broach of duty must bo made, and
punisluuent inevitable. His last words, however,
to assure inc lie should return at thu hour ho had
d, and when I cJosed tho gate upou him, it was un-
thc firin impression his nimonco would only prove oi
Icmpomry nature ho had Bt«ted. — Orontlemen," alk
rnptly concluded Halloway,"! have illiiiiK further i
add; if 1 have liiiled in my duly aK IdiiT, I have, i.
least, fullilled tint of a man; and nlll ii the vicdalini,
of the first ei.tail upon me the puiii.^liiiii ul of death, the
motives which impelled me to that violation will not, I
trust, be utleply lost sight of by those by whom my pun-
ishinent is to be awarded."
The candid, fearless, and manly tone in which Hallo-
way had delivered this long anil singular stateineiit, how-
ever little the governor iip|X'ared to be alfccted by it,
evidently made a deep impression on the court, who had
listened willi undiverted attention to the close. Some
conversation again ensued, in a low tone, among several
ineiiiberH, when two slips ot' written paper were passed
up, as before, to the president These elicited the tbUow-
ing interrogatories : —
" You have stated, prisoner, that Captain de Haldininr
left the fort nccoinpaiiied by his servant Donellan. How
were they respectively dressed?"
"Captain de Ilaldimar in his uniform; Donellan, as
far a« I conid observe, in his regimental clothing also,
with this dillerenee, that he wore his servant's round
glazed hat and his grey great coat"
" How then do you account for the extraordinary cir-
cumstance of Donellan having l>een found murdered in
his master's clothes ? Was any allusion made to a change
of dress belbre llicy left the fort?"
" Not the slightest," returned the prisoner ; " nor can
I ill any way account for. this mysterious fact When
tlicy ()iiitled the garrison, each wore tlie dress I have de-
seribeil."
" III what manner did Captain de Hnldiinnr and Donel-
lan elVoct their passage across the ditch (" continued the
president, alter glancing at the second slip of paper.
" 'J'lie draw-bridge was evidently not lowered, and there
were no otlier means at hand to enable him to eft'ect his
object witli promptitude. How do you expkiu this, pri-
soner ?"
When tliis question was put, the whole body of ofli'
ecrs, and the governor especially, turned their eyes
simultaneously on Halloway, for on his hesitation or
promptness in replying seemed to attach much of the
credit they were disposed to accord his statement. Hal
loway observed it, and coloured. His reply, however,
was t'rec, unfuUcring, and unstudied.
" A rope with which Donell.iu had provided himself,
was secured to one of the iron huoks that siipimrt the pul
leys immediately ulmve tlic gate. With this they swung
themselves in succession to the opposite bank."
The members of the court looked at each other, appa-
rently glad that an answer so confirmatory of the truth
of the prisoner's statement, had been thus readily given.
" Were they to have returned in the same maimer ?'
pursued the president, framing his interrogatory from the
contents of another slip of |>ii)ut, which, at the siigges.
tion of the governor, had beeu passed to liim by the pro-
secutor, I\Ir. Lawson.
" They were," tirmly replied the prisoner. "At least I
presumed they were, for, 1 bi'licvein the hurry of Captain
de Haldiiiiar's departure, he never once made any di
rect allusion to the manner of his return ; nor did il
occur to me until this nioineiit how they were lo regain
|)ossession of the rope, without assistance from within."
"Of course," observed t'olonel do Ilaldimar, address-
ing the president, " the ro|)e still remains. Mr. Luwsoii
examine the gate;, and report acenrdiugly."
The adjutant hastened to acquit himself of this laconic
order, and soon afterwards returned, stating not only
that there was no rope, but that the hook alludeij to had
disappeared altogether.
For a moment tlie cheek of the prisoner paled ; bnt it
was evidently less from any f'ear coimected with his indi-
vidual existence, than from the Kliaino he felt at having
been detected in a siipjiosed falsehood. Ho however
speedily recovered his sell-possession, and exhibited tlie
saiiiu character of uneoncern by wliioh his general hear-
ing thi'oughoiit the trial had Iteen distinguished.
t)ii this aimouiieemeiit of the adjnUi'.it, the governor
betrayed u moveineiit of impatience, that was meant lo
convey his utter disbelief of the whole of the prisoner's
statement, and his look seemed to express to tho court it
should also arrive, nnd without hesitation, at thu samo con-
clusion, livKU all autlioritative as he was, however, lie felt
that military eticpiette and strict discipline prevented his
interfering furtlier in tliis adviuiced state of tlio proceed-
ings.
" Prisoner," again reniarkcil Captain Dlessington,
" your statement in regard to tlie means employed by
Captain de Haldinnir in elTecting his departure, is, you
must admit, unsup|H>rtcd by appearances. How happens
it tlic rope is no longer where you sny it was placed ? No
nr could lia<i
II .' UIhI if HI'
mild
■Cuptnii'
yrl re8|>ei
Heing, l)«l>
in t("-i!inoii
his presi'He
true. I dii
is iH'conie ■.
removed it bin
M you produei
••ington," r>
, " I have
whose triban
*■ the truth (rt
■I I repeal, ev . <
' 11 'iiove thr
I. i iilinit I
uurselt Hare you done
. or say u In n- it is to be
,ui« Hall'iWa^, proudly,
jdy iiuoked that great
' am so shortly to appear,
assertion; nnd again, in
II word I have uttered is
i|»', neither do I know what
iiisap|M'aranee is extrnordi-
nary, but a moment's retleetioii must satisfy the court, I
would not have devised a tale, the falsehood of which
could at once have b<'en detected on an examination such
as that vvliieh has just been instituted. When Mr. Law-
son le!t this room just now, I fully expected he would
have tbiind the rope lying us it had been left. What has
become of il, I repeat, 1 know not ; but in the manner 1
have stilted did Captain de Plaldiiiiar and Denellan cross
the ditch. I have iiotliing further to add," he concluded
oneo more, drawing up his fine ti<ll piTson, tlie native
elegance of which could not be wholly disguised even in
the dress of a jirivate soldier ; " nothing linlher to dis-
close. Yet do 1 repel with scorn the injurious iusinua-
tion against my fidelity, suggested in these doubts. 1
am prepared lo meet my death as best may Ik'cohic a
soldier, and let mc add, as liest may become a proud and
well born gentleman; but humanity and eoimnon justice
shoiihl ut least be accorded to my memory. I am an
imtbrtuiiate man, but no traitor."
The members were visibly impressed by the last sen-
tneesof the prisoner. No further question however was
luskcd, and he was agnin removed by the escort, who had
been wondering spectators of the scene, to the cell he had
so recently occupied. 'I'lie room was then cleared of tho
witnesses and strangers, the latter comprising nearly the
whole of the officers oft" duty, when the court proceeded
to delilicratu on the evidence, and pass scntenco on titu
accused.
CHAPTER Vn.
Altliough the young and sensitive Dc Haldimar had
found physical relief in the summary means resorted to
by the surgeon, the moral wound at his heart not only
remained unsoothed, bnt was reiulcred more acutely pain-
ful by the wretched rellections, which now tlint he had
full leisure to review the past, and anticipate the future
in all the gloom attached to liotii, so violently assailed
him. From the moment when his brother's strange and
mysterious disap|>earance had been communicated by tho
adjutant in the manner we have already seen, his spirits
liad been deeply and fearfully depressed. Still he had
every reason to expect, from tlie well-known character of
Halloway, the strong hope expressed by the latter might
lie realised; and tln.t, at the hour api>oinled for trial, his
brother would be present to explain the cause of his mys-
terious absence, justify the conduct of his subordinate,
and exonerate him from the treachery viith which ho
now stood charged. Yet, powerful as this hope was, it
was unavoidably (|uaiified by dispiriting doubt ; for a na-
ture uH'eetionatc and bland, as thut of I'liarlcs de H.ildi-
mar, could not hut harbour <ristrin i, while a shadow of
uncertainty, in regard to the fate of a brother so tenderly
loved, remained. He had forced himself to believe as
niueli as |H)ssible what he wishcil, and the efl'oi t had, to a
certain extent, succeeded; but there had been something
so solemn and so impressive in the scene that had
passed when the prisoner was first brought u|) for trial,
something so fearfully prophetic in the wild language of
his unhappy wife, he had found it iinpossihlc to resist tho
inlluenee of tlie almost superstitious awe they had awak-
ened in his heart.
What the feelings of the young officer were suhsc-
iiuetitly, when in the person of the murdered man on tlio
eoniiiion, the victim of Sir Everard Valletott's aim, he re-
cognigud that brother, whose disap|K'uruiice had occa-
sioned liim so much inquietude, we shall not attempt to
ilescribe : their nature is bi'st shown in the efVeet they
prirduceil — the almost overwhelming agony of body and
mind, which had borne him, like a stricken plant, unre-
sisting to the earth. Itut now that, in the calm ami soli-
tude of his chamber, he had leisure to review tho fearful
events conspiring lo produce this extremity, his anguish
of spirit was even dec(H'r tlian when the first rude shock
of conviction had flashed upon his understanding. A
tide of suffering, that overpowerctl, without rendering
him sensible of its positive and abstract character, had,
in the first instance, oppressed his I'aculties, and obscured
his perception ; but now, slow, sure, stinging, and gra-
dually succeeding each other, came every bitter thought
and reflection of which Uiat tide was composed t and tlio
.'■V ''; >■ •"♦, n*
IP -If
■^'^^y
'■V^^
h^. ■''{
■ ■•.■ "''1
.i''-lf ■
1 ■■ ; ■■. .;>»
Il ■ .•. --■'■ . ■
m^\
'•!V:'!t'^f;
' V
^' ;-■;*
■'!'
;: ' ^^
,.',1,
...
t
■>■'■,<
"-*
111
^■4
' i '^'i.
t .^
220
WACOUST/i, OR THE PROPHECY.
■■'■'„,' . ^ ' '' •
)l, il',-.v-.'.li *;■
jiS::--!* •■■■
'4 1
WW-
;l »r^
frciicroua licart nt° I'liurlen do ilaldiniar wati a prey to
fooliiigs that would havu wriin^ '.he soul, and wounded
the sensibilities ol' one I'ar Icsk gentle and suHceptiblc
than himself.
Between Sir Evorard Volletort and Charles de Ilaldiniar,
who, it lia.H already het ii remarked, were lieutenants in
('aptain Blessiiifrtim's eonipany, a sentiment ot'lriendship
had been sutfered to sprin^r up almost from tlie moment
ot' Sir Everard's joining. The young men were nearly of
the same age; and although the one was nil gentleness,
the other all spirit and vivacity, not a shade of disunion
hud at any period intervened to interrupt the almost bro-
therly attachment subsisting iK'tween them, and each
felt the disposition of tlie other was the one most assimi-
lated to his own. In fact, Sir Everard was fur from being
the ephemeral character he was often willing to appear.
Under a semblance of ntfcctation, and much assumed
levity of manner, never, however, personally offensive, he
concealed a brave, generous, warm, and manly heart, and
talents Incoming the rank he held in society, such as
would nut have reflected discredit on one numbering
twice his years. He had entered the army, as most
young men of rank usually did at that period, rather for
the agremens it held forth, than with any serious view to
advancement in it as a profession. Still he entertained
the praiscworth}' desire of being somctliing more than
what is, among raiUtary men, emphatically termed a
feather-bed soldier. Not that we mean, however, to assert
he was not a featlier-l>ed soldier in its more literal sense ;
in fact, his own observations, recorded in the early part
of this volume, suflSciently prove his predilection for the
indulgence of pressing his downy couch to what is
termed a decent hour in the day.
We need scarcely state Sir Everard's theories on this
important subject were seldom reduced to practice ; for,
even long before the Indians had broken out into open
acts of hostility, when such precautions were rendered
indispensable, Colonel de Ilaldiniar had never suftered
either officer or man to linger on his pillow after the first
faint dawn had appeared. This was a system to which
Sir Everard could never reconcile himself. " If the men
must be drilled," lie urged, " with a view to their hcaltli
and discipline, why not place them under the direetipn of
the adjutant or the officer of the day, whoever he might
chance to be, and not unnecessarily disturb a body of
gentlemen from their comfortable slumbers at that un
consciuuable hour .'" Poor Sir Everard ! this was tlie
only grievance of wliich he complained, and ho com.
plained bitterly. Scarcely a morning passed without his
inveighing loudly against the barbarity of such a cus-
tom ; threalening at tlic same time, amid the laughter of
his companions, to quit the service in disgust at what he
called so ungentlciiianly and gothic a habit ; and, but for
two motives, there is every probability he would liave se-
riously availed himself of tlic earliest opportunity of re-
tiring. The firjit of these was his growing friendship
<br the amiable and gentle Charles de Haldimar ; tlie se'
cond, Uie secret, and scarcely to himself acknow'cdged,
interest which had been created in his heart for his sister
Clara ; whom he only knew from the glowing dcseri|)-
tions of his friend, and the strong resemblance she was
said to bear to him oy tlic other officers.
('lara de Haldimar was the constant theme of her
j'ounger brother's praise. Her image was ever upper,
most in his thoughts — her name ever hovering on his
lips; and when alone with his friend Valletort, it was his
delight to dwell on the worth and accomplishments of
his amiable and beloved sister. Then, indeed, would his
usually calm blue eye sparkle with the animation of his
subject, while his colouring cheek marked all the warmtli
and sincerity with which he bore attestation to her gen'
tlcncss and her goodness. The heart of Charles de Hal-
dimar, soldier as he was, was pure, generous, and unso-
phisticated as that of the sister whom he so constantly
eulogised ; and, while listening to his eloquent praises.
Sir Everard learnt to feel an interest in a being whom
all declared to be the counterpart of her brother, as well
in personal attraction as in singleness of nature. With
all his alFected levity, and notwithstanding his early ini-
tiation into fashionable life — that matter-o^fact life which
strikes at the existence of our earlier and dearer illusions
— there was a dash of romance in the charaetet' of the
young baronet which tended much to increase the plea-
sure he always took in the warm descriptions of his
friend. The very circumstance of her being personally
unknown to him, was, with Sir Everard, un additional
motive for interest in Misa dc Haldimar.
Imagination and mystery generally work their way
together; and as there waa a shade of mystery attached
to Sir Everard's very ignorance of the person of one
whom he admired and esteemed from report aione, ima-
gination was not slow to improve the opportunity, and to
endow the bbject with characteristics, which perhaps a
more intimate knowledge of the party might have led
him to quality. In this manner, in early youth, arc the
silken and willing fetters of the generous and the enthu-
siastic forged. Wc invest some object, whose praises,
whipcred secretly in the ear, have glided imperceptibly to
the heart, with uU the attributes supplied by our own
vivid and readily according imaginations; and so accus-
tomed do wc become to linger on the picture, we adore
the semblance with an ardour which the original often
fails to excite.
We do not say Clara dc Haldimar would have fallen
short of the high estimate formed of her worth by the friend
of her brother ; neither is it to be understood. Sir Eve-
rard sulVercd this fair vision of his fancy to lead him into
the wild and labyrinthian patlis of boyish romance.
Whatever were the impressions of the young baronet,
and however he might have been inclined to suffer the
fair image of the gentle Clara, such as he was perhaps
wont to paint it, to exercise its spell upon his fancy, cer-
tain it is, he never expressed to her brother more than
that esteem and interest which it was but natural he
should accord to the sister of his friend. Neither had
Charles dc Haldimar, even amid all his warmth of com-
mendation, ever made the slightest allusion to his sister,
that could be construed into a desire she should awaken
any unusual or extraordinary sentiment of preference.
Much and fervently as he desired such an event, there
was an innate sense of decorum, and it may be secret
pride, that caused him to abstain from any obseivation
having the remotest tendency to compromise the spot-
less delicacy of his adored sister ; and such he would
have considered any expression of his own hopes and
wishes, where no declaration of preference had been pre-
viously made. There was another motive for this re-
serve on the part of the young officer. The baronet was
an only child, and would, on attaining his majority, of
which he wanted only a lew months, become the possessor
of a large fortune. His sister Clara, on the contrary, had
little beyond her own fair fame and the beauty transmit-
ted to her by the mother she had lost Colonel dc Haldi-
mar was a younger son, and had made his way through
life with his sword, and an unblemished reputation alone
— advantages he had shared with his children, for the two
eldest of whom his interest and long services had pro-
cured commissions in his own regiment.
But cvon while Charles de Haldimar abstained from all
expression of his hopcs^ he iiad fully made up his mind
that Sir Everard and his sister were so formed for each
other, it was next to an impossibility tliey could meet
without loving. In ono of his letters to the latter, he had
alluded to his friend in terms of so high and earnest pane-
gyric, that Clara had acknowledged, in reply, she was
prepared to find in the young baronet one whom she
should regard with partiality, if it were only on account
of the friendship subsisting between him and her brother.
This admission, however, was coiiimunicated in confi.
dencc, ond the young officer had religiously preserved
his sister's secret.
These and fifty other recollections now crowded on the
mind of tlie sufferer, only to render the intensity of his
anguish more complete ; among the bitterest of which
was the certainty that the mysterious events of the past
night had raised up an insuperable barrier to tliis union ;
for how could Clara dc Haldimar become the wife of him
whose hands were, however innocently, stained with the
life-blood of her brotlier ! To dwell on this, and the loss
of tliat brother, was little short of madness, and yet Dc
Haldimar could think of nothing else ; nor for a period
could the loud booming of the cannon from the ramparts,
every report of which shook his chamber to its very
foundations, call off his attention from a subject which,
while it pained, engrossed every faculty and absorboil
every thought. At length, towards tlie close, ho called
faintly to the old and faithful soldier, who, at the foot of
the lied, stood watching every ohangc of his master's
countenance, to know the cause of tlie cannonade. On
being informed the batteries in the rear were covering the
retreat of Captain Erskine, who, in his attempt to obtain
the body, had been surprised by the Indians, a new di-
rection was temporarily given to his thoughts, and he
now manifested the utmost impatience to know the result.
In a few minutes Morrison, who, in defiance of the
surgeon's strict order not on any account to quit the
room, had flown to obtain some intelligence which he
trusted might remove the anxiety of his sufTering mas-
ter, again made his appearance, stating the corpse was
already secured, and close under the guns of the fort, be-
neath which Uie detachment, though notly awailcd fVom
th« forest, were also fait retreatin(j^.
" And is it really my brother, Morrison 7 Are jo„
quite certain that it is Captain de Haldimar ?" asked ijit
young officer, in the eager accents of one who, with t)i,
Itillest conviction on his mind, yet grasps at the fainim
shadow of a consoling doubt. "Tell me that it isnolm,
brother, and half of what I possess in the world shall |i
yours."
The old soldier brushed a tear from his eye, " g,^
bless you, Mr. de Haldimar, I would give half my jtf,
hairs to be able to do so ; but it is, indeed, too trulv \i,
captain who has been killed, I saw the very wingi (f
his regimentals as he lay on his face on the litter."
Charles de Haldimar groaned aloud, " Oh liod I rj,
God 1 would I had never lived to see this day." 1\i
springing suddenly up in his bed — " Morrison where u,
my clothes ? I insist on seeing ray slaughtered brotUi
myself."
" Good Heaven, sir, consider," said the old man ig.
proaching the bed, and attempting to replace the cove^
ing which had been spumed to its very foot, — " considt,
you ore in a burning fever, and the sUghtest cold niii
kill you altogether. The doctor's orders are, you wnt
on no account to get up." The effort made by llie oi
fortunate youth was momentary. Faint from the bl««|
he had lost, and giddy from the excitement of his feti
ings, he sank back exhausted on his pillow, and ven
like a child.
Old Morrison shed tears also ; for his heart bled !«
the sufferings of ono whnni he had nursed and plavt^
with even in early infancy, ond whom, although hisniu.
ter, he regarded with the affection he would have botm
to his own child. As he had justly observed, he wodI<
have willingly given half his remaining years to be ibit
to remove the source of the sorrow which so deeplj op.
pressed him.
When this violent paroxysm had somewhat suhsidcil.Di
Haldimar became morccom|K)sed; but his was rathcriku
composure which grows out of tlie apathy produced bt
overwhelming grief, than the result of any relief affotdi
to his suffering heart by the tears he had shed. He InJ
continued some time m this faint and apparently Im
quil state, when cbnfused sounds in the barrack-yaid,li|.
lowed by the raising of the heavy drawbridge, announuj
the return of the detachment. Again he started up i
his bed and demanded his clothes, declaring his inlemin
to go out and receive the corpse of his murdered brollw,
All opposition on the part of the faithful Morrison «'u
now likely to prove fruitless, when suddenly the dovl
opened, and an officer burst hurriedly into the room.
" Courage ! courage ! my dear Ete Haldimar ; 1
the bearer of good news. Your brother is not tlie petnl
who has been slaim" [
Again De Haldimx ' sank back upon his pillow, oml
come by a variety o^ .;cnflicting emotions, A momentitl
terwards, and he exclai>ned reproachfully, yet almMl
gasping with the eagerness of his manner, — I
" For God's sake, Sumners — in the name of cominiil
humanity, do not trifle with my feelings. If you nmlil
seek to lull me with false hopes, you are wrong. I u
prepared to hear and bear the worst at present; bull
be undeceived again would break my heart."
" I swear to you by every thing I have been taughili|
revere as sacred," solemnly returned Ensign Summ
deeply touched by the affliction he witnessed, "whit I
state is strictly true. Captain Erskine himself sent
to tell you."
"What, is he only wounded then?" and aglow
mingled hope and satisfaction was visible even thtoD
the flush of previous excitement on the cheek of thei
ferer. " Quick, Morrison, give me my clothes. Wli
is in^ brother, Sumners ?" and again he raised up i
debilitated frame with the intention of quitting
couch.
" Do Haldimar, my dear De Haldimar, compose)!
self, and listen to me. Your brother is still missing, aidi
are as much in the dark about his fate as ever. Alii
is certain is, wc have no positive knowledge of hiadc
but surely that is a thousand times preferable to
horrid apprehensions under which we have all hit
laboured."
" What moan you, Sumners ? or am I so bcwild
by my sufferings as not to comprehend you clearlj'-j
Nay, nay, forgive me ; but I am almost heart-broknt^
this loss, and scarcely know what I say. But vhitj
it you mean? I saw my unhappy brother lying oil
common with my own eyes. Poor Valletort himself-
here a rush of bitter recollections flashed on the xm
of the young man, and the tears coursed each ithoi
pidly down his cheek. His emotion lasted for a fe«i'
ments, and he pursued, — " Poor Valletort himself i
him, for he was nearly ai much overwhelmed with i'
lion as I wai
ten minutes i
distinguished
would pcrsua
io a corpse, n
than tririiiig \
he sank back
" I can casi
turned the sj
his companior
in truth, there
f whole affair,
distinctly hear
not your broth
Everard Vallet
" Who is th(
,;j, to be clad in th
it is too absurd
must Ih! mistak
tlicr Frederick
cruel uncertain
amine the bod
doubts, if possii
"Most willin
moving toward!
you may make
Krskine spoke v
" Have you s
while on iuvolun
"I have. He
quirics; and wat
of the murdered
himsclfl and his
thing but a denia
" Oh, Charles,
moved from my
! rushing to the be
i tended hand, — "5
Almighty Go
jDc Haldimar; an
land gratitude, he
ping and weeping
Sumners had, v
iir Everard made
rhole body of offi
mt subsisted betu
Wc shall not att
ic friends during
lerview which neit
IC delight and sti
ited themselves on
tealised, must have
licir lives with the
With that facilitj
id susceptible arc
niles, as some pow
irorapt, tlie invalid 1
[ght of the painful
»t hig actual excitf
le melancholy he h
-barlesde Haldimai
id yet his beauty n
roman, rather than i
rduous profession o
irk-lashed eye, in w
[illi the soft but anin
Inance,— the dimple*
till, — all these now i
iJ if to these we ad(
id a smile sweet and
occoiuit for the reai
rcil hi.s imagination
tributes lie ascribed
It was while this
't.v, he took occasioi
lion of De Haldimi
iich his sister would
brother had fallen
icr.
The grief of my ovi
iW have been liule i
feelings during the
"ret, of the existonc
Ignorant until the
myxclf, for the co
romantic you will n
J'l.andlhen.asifdcU
JKenied to feel wouh
i> forced half laugh
ive been so much us
JMnl praises of your
WACOUSTA, OR THK PROPIIFXV.
221
riBon ? Are you i
mar 1" asked iht
mo who, will) the
ipi at the fainttti
1! that it isnolmt '
ihe world iihall tt |
I his eye. "(;r,i ]
rive halt" my ctri
Jced, loo truly \i,
the very wingi of |
III the litter."
i. " Oh Hod ! rj, I
I this day." Tki
klorrison where m |
ilaughtercd btolU
1 the old man ip- 1
replace the coto- 1
ry foot, — " confite I
alightest cold run I
rdora are, you vm
It made by the nn [
ttint from the bM I
itemcnt of his feel I
lis pillow, and vtjt I
r his heart bled f« I
nursed and pUytll
m, although hla nuf I
ic would nave bom I
y observed, he woiU I
ning years tobeibkl
r which so deeply Of. I
onicwhat suhsidcil,Di
juthiswasrolhertka
s apathy produced h
; of any relief affotW
ie had shed. He hi
t and apparently Im
1 the barrack-yaid.W
Tttwbridge, annountd
gain he started up »
declaring his intcBlia!
' his murdered brolhn.
faithful Morrison™
1 suddenly the d«il
Jy into the room.
De Haldimar ; 1 nl
ither is nottlieperia]
ipon his pillow, oTO-l
lotions. A moment i!l
[oachfuUy, yet iJiii«|
I manner, —
lie name of corarMl
lelings. If you nMll
|ou are wrong. 1 u|
rst at present; bull
my heart."
[l have been taughiu|
jed Ensign Subim
Ie witnessed, "wtall
^kinc himself sent i
jien ?" and a glo» <
Is visible even \hm
, the cheek of then
my clothes. Wb
»ain he raised up h
ftion of quilting!
Idimar, compose yi
lis still missing, »iiil|
t' n as I was ; and eve.n Morrison beheld him also, not
tin minutes since, under the very walls of the fort ; nay,
distiriffuished the wings of liis uniform; and yet you
" yl/persuade me my brother, instead of being brought
• a corpse, is still missing and alive. This is little bctlor
[I* tririing with my wretchedness, Sumncrs," and again
■ I ' sank back exhausted on his pillow.
" 1 can easily fuigive your doubts, Do Haldimar," re-
turned the sympathising Sumners, taking the hand of
his companion, and pressing it gently in his own ; " for,
I in truth, there is ;i great deal ot mystery attached to the
I whole affair. I have not seen tlio body myself; but I
I distinctly heard Captain Erskino statu it certainly was
I not your brother, and he requested me to apprise both Sir
I Evcrard Vallctort and yourself of the fact."
I " Who is the murdered man, then ? and how comes ho
I to be clad in the uniform ■ :' one of our officers ? Pshaw
i |( j, loo absurd to be cretlitcd. £rskine is mistaken — he
I ,„„,( 1^ mistaken — it can bo no other than my poor hro'
I tlicr Frederick. Sumncrs, 1 am sick, faint, with this
I cruel uncertainty: go, my dear fellow, at once, and ex-
I amine the body ; tlien return to me, and satisfy my
I doubts, if possible."
:| " Most willingly, if you desire it," returned Sumncrs,
I moving towards the door; "but believe me, Ue Haldimar,
vou may make your mind tranquil on the sabjuct —
"Erskine spoke with certainty."
" Have you seen Valietort ?" asked De Haldimar,
while an involuntary shudder pervaded his frame.
" I have. Ho flew on the instant to make furtiicr en-
quiries; and was in the act of going to examine the body
ul'thc miudcrcd man when I came here. But here he is
himself, and liis countenance is the harbinger of any
thing but a denial of my intelligence."
"Oh, Charles, what a weight of misery has been re-
moved from my heart!" exclaimed that officer, now
ttate as ever.
Aim
howieage ofhisdei
nes preferable to I
I we have all hitl"
am 1 so bcwili
Jehend you clearlj
llmost heartbrokei
; I say. But whu;
[ brother lying »
yalletort himseb
lashed on the mw
pursed each tw'
n lasted for a fe»'
Valietort himself
trwhelmcdwilh
Irushing to the hedsido of his friend, and seizing his ex.
Itended hand, — " Vour brother, let us hope, still lives."
" Almighty God, 1 thank thee !" fervently ejaculated
iDc Haldimar; and tlien, overcome with joy, surprise,
and gratitude, he again sank hack upon his pillow, sob^
biug and weeping violently.
Sumncrs had, with delicate tact, retired the moment
lir Evcrard made his appearance : for lie, as well as the
'hole body of officers, was aware of the close friendship
lat subsisted between the young men.
We shall not attempt to paint all that passed between
,ic friends during the first interesting moments of an in-
terview which neither had expected to enjoy again, or
ic delight and satisfaction with which they congratu
ited themseh'es on the futility of those fears, which, i
fcilised, must have embittered every future moment of
heir lives with the most harrowing recollections.
With that facility with which in youth the generous
id susceptible ore prone to exchange tlieir tears fur
(miles, as some powerful motive for the reaction may
irompt, Uie invalid had already, and for the moment, lost
ight of the painful past in the plcasurcablc present, so
lat his actual excitement was strongly in contrast with
le melancholy he had eo recently exhibited. Never had
Ibarles de Haldimar appeared so eminently handsome ;
nd yet his beauty resembled that of a frail and delicate
romaii, rather than that of one called to the manly and
rduous profession of a soldier. The large, blue, long,
irk-lashed eye, in which a shade of languor harmonised
[ith the soft but animated expression of the whole coun-
loanee, — tlic dimpled mouth, — the small, clear, and even
elh,-~all these now characterised Charles de Haldimar ;
id if to these we add a voice rich, full, and melodious,
id a smile sweet and fascinating, wo shall he at no loss
accoiut for the readiness with which Sir Everard suf-
red hi.s imagination to draw on the brother for those
tributes he ascribed to the sister.
It was while this impression was strong upon his
icy, he took occasion to remark, in reply to an obser-
lion of De Httldiinar's, alluding to the despair with
lich bis sister would have been seized, had she known
brother had fallen by tlio hand of tlie friend of the
icr.
1" The grief of my own heart, Charles, on tliis occasion,
fuld have been little inferior to her own. The truth is,
feelings during the last three hours have let me into
cret, of the cxistonce of which I was, in a great de-
^ ignorant until then : I scarcely know how to ex-
IS myself, for the communication is so truly absurd
romantic you will not credit it." He paused, hesi-
id, and then, as if determined to anticipate the ridicule
[seemed to feel would bo attached to his confession,
a forced half laugh pursued : " The fact is, Charles,
ive been so much used to listen to your warm and
|uent praises of your sister, I liavo absolutely, I will
not say fallen in love with (that would be going too far),
but conceived so strong an interest in her, that my most
ardent desire would be to find favour in her eyes. What
sny you, my friend? are you inclined to forwnrd my
suit ; and it so, is tliere any chance for mc, think you,
with herself?"
The breast of Charles dc Haldimar, who had listened
with deep and increasing attention to this avowal, swelled
high with plcasurcablc excitement, and raising himself
up in his bed with one hand, white he grasped one of Sir
Evcrard's with the other, he exclaimed with a transport
of jilTcction too forcible to ho controlled, —
" Oh, Vnlletort, Vallctort ! this is, indeed, all that was
wanting to complete my happiness. My sister i'AuTa I
adore with all the affection of my nature ; 1 love her bet-
tor than my .own life, which is wrapped up in hers. She
is an angel in disposition, — all that is dear, tender, and
atfectinnutc, — all that is gentle and lovely in woman;
one whose welfare is dearer far to me than my own, and
without whose presence I could not live. Valietort, thnt
prize, — that treasure, that dearer half of myself, is yours,
— yours for ever. 1 have long wished you should love
each other, and I felt, when you met, you would. If I
have hitherto forborne from expressing this fondest wish
of my heart, it has Iwen from delicacy — from a natural
fear of compromising the purity of my adored Clara.
Now, however, you have confessed yourself interested,
by a description that falls far short of the true merit of
that dear girl, I can no longer disguise my grotification
and delight. Vallctort," he concluded, impressively,
" there is no other man on earth to whom I would say
so much ; but you were formed for each other, ond you
will, you must, be the husband of my sister."
If the youthful and affectionate De Haldimar was
happy. Sir Evcrard was no less so ; for already, with the
enthusiasm of a young man of twenty, ho painted to
himself the entire fruition of those dreams of happiness
that had so long been familiarised to his imagination.
A single knock was now heard at the door of the
apartment ; it was o|)ened, and a sergeant appeared at
the entrance.
" The company are under arms for punishment parade.
Lieutenant Vallctort," said the man, touching hij cap.
In an instant, the visionary prospects of the young
men gave place to the stern realities connected wiUi that
announcement of punishment. The treason of Halloway,
— the absence of Frederick de Haldimar, — the dangers
by which they were beset, — and the little present proba-
bility of a re-union with those who were most dear to
them, — all these recollections now flashed across their
minds with the rapidity of thought; and the conversation
that had so recently passed between Ihcm seemed to leave
no other impression than what is produced from some vi-
sionary speculation of the moment
CHAPTER VIII.
As the bells of the fort tolled the tenth hour of morn-
ing, the groups of dispersed soldiery, warned by the roll,
ing of the assembly drum, once more fell into their re.
spcctive ranks in the order described in the opening of
this volume. Soon afterwards the prisoner Halloway
was reconducted into the square by a strong escort, who
took their stations as before in the immediate centre,
where the former stood principally conspicuous to the
observation of his comrades. His countenance was paler,
and had less, perhaps, of the indifTerencc he had pre
viously manit'ested ; but to supply this tiicre was a certain
subdued air of calm dignity, and a composure that sprang,
doubtless, from the consciousness of the new character in
which he now appeared before his superiors. Colonel dc
Haldimar almost immediately followed, and witli him
were the principal staff of the garrison, all of whom, witi
the '.'xccption of the sick and wounded and tlicir attend-
onti, wore presiut to a man. The former took from the
ha nis of the adjutant, Lawson, a large packet, consisting
of several sheets of folded piiiwr clowly written upon.
These were the proceedings of the oouf t martial.
After enumerating the several charges, and detailing
the evidence of the witnesses examined, the governor
came at length to the finding and sentence of the court,
which were as follows : —
" The court havingly duly considered the evidence ad.
duced against the prisoner private Frank Halloway, to-
gether with what he has urged in his defence, are of
opinion, —
" That with regard to the first charge, it is not proved.
" That with regard to the second charge, it is .not
proved.
" That with regard to the third charge, even by his
own voluntary confession, the prisoner is guilty.
" The court having found the prisoner priviilc Frank
Halloway guilty of the third charge prefirred against^
him, which is in direct violation of a standing order of
the garrison entailing capital punislinicnt, do hereby
sentence him, the siiiti prisoner, private Frank Halloway,
to lie s'lot to death nt such time an<l place as the officer
commanding may deem fit to ap|Kiint."
Although the utmost order p«'rvaded the rankp, every
breath had been sus|H'ndi'd, every car stretched during
the reading of the sentence ; and now that it came or.
rayed in terror and in blood, every glance was turned in
pity on its unhappy victim. But Halloway heard it with
the cars of one who has made up his mind to cufler;
ana the faint half smile that played upon his lip spoke
more in scorn than in sorrow, t'oloncl de Haldimar
pursued : —
" The court having found it imperatively incumbent
on them to award the punishment of death to the pri-
soner, private Frank Halloway, nt the same time gladly
ovail themselves of their privilege by strongly rccoiii-
mcnding him to merry. 'I'he court cannot, in justice to
the character of the prisoner, refrain from expressing their
unanimous conviction, that notwithstonding the myste-
rious circumstances which have led to his confinement
and trial, he is entirely innocent of the treachery ascribed
to him. The court have founded this conviction on tho
excellent character, both on duty and in the field, hitherto
borne by the prisoner, — his well known attachment to
the officer with whose abduction he stands charged, —
and the manly, open, and (as the court arc satisfied) cor-
rcet history given of his former life. It is, moreover, tho
impression of the court, that, as stated by the prisimer,
his guilt on the third charges has been the result only of
his attachment for Captain de Haldimar. And for this,
and the reasons above assigned, do they strongly recom-
mend the prisoner to mercy.
(Signed) " Noei. Bi.EssiXfiTON,
C'uptain and President.
" Sentence approved and confirmed.
"ClMRI.KS UE H.\LDI>IAR,
Colonel Commandant."
While these concluding remarks of the court were be-
ing read, the prisoner inanil'estcd the deepest emotion. If
a smile of scorn had previously played upon his lip, it
was because he fancied the court, before whom he hod
sought to vindicate his fame, had judged him with a
severity not inferior to his colonel's ; but now that, in
the presence of his companions, he heard the flattering
attestation of his services, coupled even as it was with
the sentence that condemned him to die, tears of gratitude
and pleasure rose despite of himself to his eyes ; and it
required all his self-command to enable him to abstain
from giving expression to his feelings towards those who
had BO generously interpreted the motives of his derelic-
tion from duty. But when the melancholy and startling
fact of the approval and confirmation of the sentence met
his ear, without the slightest allusion to that mercy which
had been so urgently recommended, he again overcame
his weakness, and exhibited his wonted air of calm and
unconcern.
" Let the prisoner be removed, Mr. Lawson," ordered
the governor, whose stern and somewhat dissatisfied ex-
pression of cdunlcnnnce was the only comment on tho
recommendation for mercy.
The order was promptly executed. Once more Hallo-
way left the square, and wos reconducted to the cell he
had occupied since the preceding niglit.
" Major Black water," pursued the governor, " let a de-
tachment consisting of one half tlic garrison be got in
readiness to leave the fort within the hour. Captain
Wcntwortli, three pieces of field artillery will lie required.
Let them be got ready also." He then retired from the
area, while the officers, who had just received his com.
mands, prepared to fulfil the respective duties assigned
them.
Since the first alarm of the garrison no opportunity
had hitherto been afforded the officers to snatch the
slightest refreshment. Advantage was now taken of the
short inteival allowed by the governor, and they all re-
paired to the mess-room, where tlicir breakfast had long
since been provided.
" Well, Blessington," remarked Captain Erskine, as
he filled his plate fi>r the third time from a large haunch
of smoke-dried venison, for which his recent skirmish
with the Indians Imd given him an unusual relish, " so it
appears your recommendation of poor Halloway to mercy
is little likely to be attended to. Did you remark how
displeased the colonel looked as he bungled through it?
One might almc^t be tempted to think he had an interest
,i^
r I . i,
.1 ■<
, ''V
->.'
• ■■ :-i*;;;
|:^.i
[-"' m
'is'*?.'-.;:-
222
Vi'ACOl'8r4., oil THE I'KOPIIICCV.
^^■c
h:':i
1\
in the mail's dciiUi, so (icturiiiiuud dcxa lie appear to curry
his point."
Although severiil ot' his coin|>anion9, |)€rliaps, felt and
tliou(;lit tlio same, still there wus no one who would have
ventured to avow his real sentiinents in so un(|uulified u
nianiier. Indeed nueli an ohservation proeeediiifj Iroiii
the lips of any fitlier otVieer would have exeited the utinosl
surprise; butt'aptain Krskine, a brave, hnhl, I'rank, and
soinewliat tlioujjhtU'KS soldi' r, was one of those beinjr:<
who arc privileged to say any Ihinj;, His opinions were
usually expressed without eercniony; and his speech was
not the most eircunis|M?('t nnir, as since his return to the
fort he had swallowed, fasting, two or three glasses of a
favourite spirit, which, without intoxicating, had greatly
excited him.
" I remarked enough," said Cajitain Blessington, who
sal leaning his head on one hand, while with the other
lie occasionally, and almost meehanieally, raised a cnp
filled with a licpiid of a pale blood colour to his lips, —
" (luitc enough to make me regret from my very soul 1
should have lieeii his principal judge. I'oor llalloway,!
pily liiin niiuh; for, on my honour, I believe liiiii to bo
the goiillcini.n lie represents himself."
" A liner fellow dm-s not live," remarked the last re.
niaining otUcer of the grenadiers. " Hut surely C'olonel
de Ilaldiniar cannot mean to carry the sentence into
clfect. The reconiinendation of a court, couched in such
terms as those, ought alone to have some weight with
him."
" It is quite clear, from tlic fact of his having liccn re-
manded to his cell, the execution of the [loor lellow will
be deferred at least," observed one of Captain Krskine's
subalterns. " If the governor had intendeil he should
BulTcr immediately, he would have had him shot the mo.
nient after his sentence was read. I!ut what is the
ineaiiiiig and object of this new sortie I and whither are
wc now "■oin,i? Do yon know, Captain Krskine, our
company is again ordered for this duty.'"
" Know it, Leslie! of course I do; and fiir that reason
nm I paying my court tA tli<^ more substantial part of the
breakfast, (^oiiie, IJIessington, my dear fellow, you have
quite lost your ap|K'titc, and we may have sharp work Ik'-
fore we get back. Follow my example : throw that nasty
blood-thickening sassafras away, mid lay a foundation
from this venison. None sweeter is to bti found in the
forests of America. A few sliees of that, and then a glass
each of my iK'st .Ininaica, and wc shall have strength to
go through the cx|Mdilion, if its object bo the capture of
Uie iKild I'onteac hiniself."
" I presume the object is rather to seek for Captflin de
Haldimar," said Lieutenant Hoyce, the olVieer of grena-
diers i " but in tlial case why not send out his own com-
pany i"
" Becauso the colonel prefers I rusting to cooler heads
and more ex|H'rieneed arms," gmxl-humouredly oliserved
(.'aptain Krskine. " lilessinglon is our senior, and his
men are all old stagers. .Afy lads, too, have had their
mettle up already this morning, and there is nothing like
that to prepare iin n for u dash of enterprise. Il is with
them a.s with blood lioriis, the more you put them on
(heir s|>ee(l the less anxious are they to quit the course.
Well, .lohns'one, my brave Scot, ready for another skir-
mish f" he asked, as that ollieer now entered to salisly
the cravings of an apjH'titu little inferior to that of his
captain.
" With ' Nunquam non paralus' fur my mollo," gaily
returned the young man, "it werr odd, iiulerd, ifa mere
Bcratch like tliis should prevent im iVom edahlishing my
I'laim to it by following wherever iiiy gallant ca lain
leads."
"Most conrleonsly spoken, and little in thn spirit ol
a man vcl smarting under the inlllelicmof a rille wound,
it must ho confessod," rrniarked liientenant Leslie,
" But, .lulinslnnc, you should twar in mind a lisi close
adliorcncn to that motto has been, in some degrei', liilal
to your (iiniily."
" No relleellons, Leslie, if you please," rptnriic-d ins
brnthvr suballern, slightly reddnning. " If the lieud ol
our family was unfoiinnatn enough to lio considered a
traitor to Kiigland, he was not so. at least (o Seotlanil!
and Seolland was the land of his birth, lint lei lii«|Hi.
litical eirors bn IbrgollPii. Though the winged spur no
longer ailorii thn IsKiteil lirel id° an enrl of Annandale.
the lime may not bo far distant when somo liberal anl
impular monnreh of Kngland shall ustoro a lille forfoil-
ed neither Ihriingh eowardico nor dishnnnnr, but from
nn (TrnneoMs sense of duly."
"'I'hat is lo sny," multeri-l Knsign Dolme, looking
round liir approval as ho sjHiko, " that our present kiiip
IB iioitlicr liboral nor impular. Wsll, Mr. Juhnstuiio,
wem such an observation to reach the cars of Colonel
de Haldimar you would stand a very fair ulmncc of being
Lrought to a court martial."
" That is to say nothing of the kind, sir," somewhat
lioicely retorted tlio young Scot; " but any thing I do
say yon are at liberty to repeat to v'olonol do Haldimar,
or whom you will. I cannot understand, Leslie, why
you should liavo made any allusion to the inisliirtunes
of my family at this particular moment, and in this pub
lie manner. I trust il was not with a view to olfeiid
me;" and he fixed his largo black eyes ii|k)Ii his brother
subaltern, as if lie would have read every thoughl of
Ills mind.
" I'pon my honour, Johnstone, I meant nothing of the
kind," frankly returned Leslie. "1 merely meant lo hint
that as you had had your share of service this niurniiig,
yon might, ut least, have sulVered ine lo borrow your
-ipurs, while you leposed for the piesoni on ymir laurels."
" There are my gay and gallant Sects," exelaimod
Captain Krskine, as ho swalioweil otV a glass of the old
Jamaica which lay before him, and with which he
usually neutralised the acidities of a meat breakfast.
.Settled like gonlleiiien and lads of spirit, as ye are,"
ho pursued, as tlio young men cordially shook each
other's hand across the table. " What an enviable com.
mand is mine, to have a company of brave (cllows who
would tiicc the devil himself were il necessary ; and
two hot and impatient subs., who aro ready to cut each
other's throat for tlio pleasure of accompanying mo
against a sot of savages that arc lilllo lioller than so
many devils. Come, .lohnstone, you know the ("olonel
allows us but one sub. at a time, in consequence of our
scarcity of oiKccrs, llierelbre il is but fair Leslie should
have his turn. It will not bn long, I daro say, before
we shall have another brush with the rascals."
' In my opinion," observed Captain Hlcssington, who
had been a silent and tlionglilliil wilnesH of what was
passing around him, "neither Leslie nor .lohnstone
would evince so much anxiety, were tiioy aware of the
true nature of the duty for which our eompiinics have
been ordered. l)e|)end n|>on it, it is no soarch after
Captain do Haldimar in which wo aro about to ho en.
gaged; for much as the colonel loves his son, he would
on no account compromise the safety of the garrison,
by sending a party into the forest, where poor Do Hal-
dimar, if alive, is at all likely to bo Ibuud."
" b'aith yon are right, Hlcssington ; the governor is
not one to run these sort of risks on every occasion.
My chief surprise, indeed, is, that ho sntlercd nie to
venture oven u|)on the coi.nnnn ; but if we aro not de.
signed for some hostile expedition, why leave the IbrI
at all ?"
' The question will need no answer, if Hullowoy be
found to accompany us."
'I'slia! why should llalloway bo taken out for the
purpose? If he lie shot at all, ho will he shot on the
ramparts, in tlio ple^en^n ol", and as an example to, the
whole garrison. Still, on retlcelion, I cannot but think
it impfissible the sentence should bo carried into full
tfect, after the strong, nay, the alinusl unpreei'dcnled
reconimendiition to mercy recorded on the face of the
proceedings."
Captain Hlcssington shook his head despondlngly
"What think yon, Krskine, of the pcdiey of making nn
example, which inny Isi witnessnd by the enemy as ivc
IS the gcirri.inn ? It is evident, from liis demeanour
throngliont, nothing will convince the colonel that Itnl-
lowiiy is not a traitor, and he may think it iidvi-nble t'.
itrik'o terror in the iniiids of the savages, by an exerii.
tioii which will have llioptTect of showing ihe (reason
if the snhliir to havo been discoveied."
In thi" opinion nmny of the ollirrrs eeneurreil;
and as the liite of the niiM-rtuniiti' Hal. ay began to
:\s«iinie a churacter of almost ceil;iinte, even the spirit
of the giillant Kr«kine, the least subdued liv llie recent
ili"iressing I'vents, was nverelouded; and all siinlt, ns it
l>v one consent, into silent eommniiion wi'li tliilr
Ihiiugbts, as they ahiiost meclianieally eoiiiplited til
meal, at which habit lather than ap|H!tite still eoiitinnnd
them. Helbte any of tliemhad yet risen from the table,
;i loud and piercing srrram met their ears finiii hIiIioiiI ;
iind so quick and universal was the inovenient It pn
diieeil, that its oelin had scarcely vol died awiiy In (lis-
tanre, when the whole of tlin liiealifaBt parly had issued
from I lie room, and won' already speclalors of the eiiu-ie
As the (iHicers now pnssed from the mess-roiim nearlv
oppo-site to (he gate, tiiev iiliserved, at that part of llic
barracks wliirh ran at right angles with il, and iinnie
diately in front id" the apartment of the younger I)r
Ilaldiniar, wlienco ho Imd ajipareiilly just issued, I he
governor, struggling, though gently, lo disengage liim.
self from a feinulo, who, with disordered hail and drc,}
lay almost prubtialu ii|Hin (he piazza, and elaspiijir |,J
booted leg with an cncigy evidently burrowed Iniin H;,.
most rooted despair. The quii:k eye of the lKui;;liiy
man had already rested on the group of ollicers ilrauj
by the scicam of the supplicant. Nun;biirs, loo, of tin
men, attracted by the same cause, wero collected in
fiont of their respective block-lionscs, and looking |>(,n
the windows of the rooms in which they were ,i|>„
bicakfastiiig, preparatory to the expcdii ion. Vcxoil iimj
irritated beyond incasuie, ut being thus made a (oii^iiii.
cuous object of observation to his inliiriors, Ihe niibiiid.
iiig governor made u violent and successful elliirtio
disengago his leg; and then, without uttering a. wcirii
or otherwise noticing the unhappy being who Iny r\,
tended at his Ic'cl, ho stalked across (lie parade to Iik
apartments at the op|M>silu angle, without appianiinio
manitcst the .'•lightest euesLiousness of the scene Uqi
hud an akeiied such universal ultcntion.
S'vcral of the oftieers, among whom was Captain lllis.
singlon, now hastciu'd to (he assistance of the teriiali
whom all had recognised, from the first, to be the iii|(.
resting and unhappy wife of Halloway. Many nf llif
comrades of the latter, who had been pained ami pityinj
s|R'eta(ors of the scene, also advanced tiir the saiiic |uir.
pose ; but, on perceiving their object anticipated bvtiicit
superiors, they withdrew (o (he block .houses, whtiuc
t hey had issued. Never was grief more forcibly di'iiirlfi
than in (ho whole ap|H'arance of this unlbrtunalt woniim;
never did anguish assume a charucler more lillirf i, I
touch the soul, or lo cominand respect. Her loiij; liir
hair, that had hitherto In'on hid under the coarse iiidi
cap, usually worn by the wives of the soldiers, was coir
divc-ited of all fastening, and lay shadowing a while i
polished Imsom, which, in her violent struggles to iliiain j
the governor, had burst from its rude but modest rnr.
.'iiieiiient, and was now displayed in all the d.i7.'/.liiig iKIi.
caey of youth and sex. If the ofVicers gazed for a mo. I
ment with (^xciti d look U[)on charms that had long Iron
strangers lo their sight, and of an order tlicy hau
little deemed to find in Kllcn Hallowuy, it was hut tin
involiintnry tribute rendered by nature unto licnnlr. i
The depth and sacrcdness of that sorrow, which liiiil Iril
the wretched wonion unconscious of her exposure, in Ihf
instant afterwards imposed a check upon ndiiiirntion,
which each felt lo lie a violation of (he first priiui|il« »i' I
human delicacy, and the feeling was repressed allUll^llB
(he inomenl that gave it birth.
They were iinmediatcly in front of the room eccuiiinl I
by Charles de llahlimar, in (he pinz.za of which wrrr 1 1
I'vw old chairs, on which Ihe ollicers were in the haliiloi'|
llnowing themselves during tlic heat of the day. (In I
one of these Captniii Hlcssington, assisted by Ilie oilir.r [
of greninliers, now s<vi(ed the suH'ering and sebliiiid wilt I
of llalloway. His first enre was to repiiir Ihe di'iorAi
of her dress; and never was the same otlice niTtiirmiil|
by man with grealir delieney, or iihsence ofliviliktl
those who witnessed il. This wns Ihe first innniinl nfl
her consciousness. The iii\ioliihility of inndesty llril
moment rose paramount I'Mutothe desolntimi nriml
heart, and piiKing rndely aside the hand that rrposiJiin.r
avoidably upon her person, the poor woman slnrliil I'rnuj
her seal, and looked wildly abnut her, as if eiiiliavoiirin;[
to identify those by whom she was Fiirroiiiiili il. Hull
wh( 11 she observed the pitying gaze of the ollicers fivJl
upon her, in ciirncslness and commiserntion, htmI liurjl
the brncvdlent ncectils of the ever kind llli'SKilisI 'iio f
Imrting her to composure, her weeping iHcaiiii' iih'HI
\inleiil and her snb.^i more convulsive. Captain llli^siii;.!
ton threw nn arm round her wiiist to prevent Iht 1
filling; and then niotioniiig lo two or (lirce woniia"'!
the I'limpniiy to whiili her hu:li:ind was ntliirliril. witl
stood at a little distance, in front of one of the lil«r
housi's, prepnred lo deliver her over to Ihcir elmrp'.
" No, no, not yet !" burst i.l lenglli from the llp» rfll«|
■■-niii-rd woman, as she shrank from the iiide lint »il|
iiitrntioned touch of the syinpiitlii-.ing nsslhtniils «Ul
liiiil promptly answered the signil; (hrii, as if (ilKymfl
some 111 w diri'ilinn of her fillings, some new iin|iiik<'l
her grief, she lilicraled herself from the sbulit (;riiJ|'"
Cipliiin nil ssiiii;(on, turned suddenly round, nnil, Ulfll
any one enidil nntirip.ile the miiviininl, rnlcinl iin i'|>'l
ing on Ihe pi;i<yii, rai-ad the litdi of a dimr Hitiialrilill
its eitreniity, and was, in (he next instant, in llir af^U
nieni of the younger De llnldimar.
The i;ii 111' lliit nut the lyes of Ihe olllecrii, hIiowI
f.illowid 1 lie iifti r her, was inie wi II culiulalid Iniiuinl
an iinpi'i oilnii lai the hearl.i even of the most iiisrn<ili|
In the di'sii.iir luid rcckleoaiu'ai* vf her (xtrciuc xna
riH.ii to Iw
lii'i'il at sliiki
WACODSTA, OR TlIK IMIOI'IIECY.
22:]
ili~:eng;i|;ii liiin.
^d linii and dro.-),
uiid (■lii!i|iii;i; lijj
uriuwcd I'riiiii Uie
1 of ll:o luLujl.iy
of (illiccra drimi,
ii'.bijrs, liio, of llic
ivcro tollcclrd m
uiid lonliiiij,' frcm
h llicy wirp aU
nion. Vi'.vcdaiiil
us iiiiiili! n iiins|ii.
iriors, the iiiibi'iu].
sucnespful clliirl lo
L uUeriti); a wuic,
eiiiK wlio Iny i\.
tlio pariido lo Ins
llioui ii|i|»'nriii:iii
111' Uio fci'iiu llui
Ml.
I wna C'niitniii llli-i.
iii'e of tlie tViniili,
iri<t, lo Im! the ink.
,vuy. Many nf liir
pained ami |iilyiiij:
I fiir the same \m:.
anticipated by tlinr
oeV ■house!', wlitni!
jrc forcibly di'iiirld
imlbrtimate woimn;
eter more lillid li
lect. Her loii;! lair
ider the eoarsi- mA
ic soldierH, was nim
idowiiiK a whilr ami
it striigplen to (lilain
ndn but iiKidest rw.
nil the d.i7.v.tiii|; iloli-
eers pn7.ed fur a inc<-
IS that had loiiKlm
an order they \m
)\viiy, it was li"t Ik
iintiirc unio iH'aiily,
orrow, whieh hiiii lfl\
if her exposure, in lh(
[ck upon udinirnlion,
the first priiiei|ilcjrl
IS repressed nliuo>l in
llio yoiin;; w
iijiim
with
ill' of llttliovvay liad aheiuly thrown hersi-lf
her krieei at the bed side nf the siek oHieer ; iin<l,
her hands upraised and firmly clasperl tojrellier,
ngiilnriv
that hail
was now siipi
iin!>|ilieiliii<r him in tones, contrast i
sorrow
lie
only to Ihe treason of llalloway. Will there is
a liop(
\ ilotiieliinent is to leave Mie tort within the hour, and
ll,,lloway is le
inlends (hi
'oinpanv Ihem.
It
Ix
s liieasure onlv wi'
ilh a view lci lerr
liv 1
iiy fiithi
lini inl<
111 lliiir ircnueness with the depth of tl
rcniliri'd lier thus re/^ardless of appearances, and iiisen-
(ihlc! to ohservation.
"Oh, Mf' <l" UalJiniar I" she implored, "in the name
nl'Ciud and of our blessed Saviour, if you would save me
iVoiii madness, intercede for my unhappy husband, and
■iresorve liim from the horrid fate that awaits him. You
are too (;ood, too freiitle, too amiable, to reject the prayer
of a heart-broken woman. Moreover Mr. de llalih-
niir" she proceeded, with deeper energy, while she
cui'lit and pressed, between her own while and blooilless
Iciiids one nearly as delicate that lay extended near her.
"consider all my dear hut unfortuiiale husband has done
for vonr family. Think of the blood he onee spill in the
ilfl'i'nee of your brother's life; that brother, through
wiioia iiloni'j oh (iod 1 he is now cnndenmed to die. Call
lo niiiiJ the days and niglit- of anunisli I passed near his
couch ofsulVcrinfT, when yet writ'ini; beneath the wound
aimed at the life of (.'aptaiii d" llaldimar. Alnii(;lity
IVovidenec !" she pursued, in the sanii! iiiipassioncil yet
iilainlivo voice, " why is not Miss dlara her<' to plead tlie
cauHC of the innoceni, and to touch the stubltorn heart of
her ineri^iless father ? She would, indeed, move heaven
and earth to save the life of him to whom she so otlen
vowed eternal (jratitudo and ackiiowleil);meiit. Ah, she
little •reams of his daiifjcr now ; or, if prayer and inter-
cosnion could avail, my husband should yet live, and this
Icrrilile striijujle at my heart would be no more."
Overeonie bv her emotion, the unfortunate woman
sutTered her nchin(; head to droop ii|xiii the edjje of Ihe
bod, and her sobhin); lH?eamu so painfully violenl.that all
who heard her ex|)ceted, at every nioment, some fatal
termination to her iiuuioderatc prief. Cliurles de Ilahli-
inar was little less nlVeeted ; and his sorrow was the more
hitter, as he had just proved the utter iiiellieaey of any
tliini; i.i the slia|)C of appeal to his iullcxiblu Hither.
"Mm. llalloway, my dear Mrs. llalloway, compose
yoiiriieltV' said ('aptain lllessin;;ton, now npproachin|;,
aud oiideavonrinsr to raise her pently from the tloor, on
wliieh she still knelt, while her liaiids even more (irmly
gra«|)ed tliut of De llaldimar. "You arc ill, very ill,
and the coiise")uenees of this dreadful excitement may be
fatal. He advised by me, and retire. 1 have desired my
rio.ii to be prepuri'd for you, and !Ser;feniit Wilmol's
wife Khali reinain with you as lonir as you may reipiire il.
"No, no, no 1" she afi.iin exelaimed with enerffy ;
"wlinleare 1 for my own wretched life — my Is'lovediuid
unlia|i|iy luishaiid is to die. Oil (ioditodie without
(taili— lo !«• cut olf ill his youtli — to be shot as a traitor —
and lliat simply lor otiryini; thu wishes of the ollicer
whom he loved! — the son of the iiinii who now Hpnrns all
Mi|i|illealloii from his presence, ll is inhuman, il is im-
ja<l— mil Heaven will pniiiBi, w..eliaril-he,irti'd man wbu
murders him — yes, iiiunlers him ! for such a pmiislmieiil
I lor such ail olfeiiee is nolhiiiir lesKthaii miiriler." Aci'iii
Kliu wept liillerly,aiiil as (^iptaiti lllessini;lim still essayid
III soollie anil raise her : — " No, no ! I will not leave lliis
Uljol," she eo ilinued ; "I will not ipiit the side of i\Ir.
(If llnldiiiiar, until he pliilifes himself to inlereede liir my
l|«Kir husliand. It is his duly losave Ihe life id' him who
JMVcd his hrollier's life; and (Jod anil liuiiian jiisliee are
|\vith my appeal. Oh, tell me, llien, Mr. do lliildiinar, —
if you would save my wnielied heart from breakiiii;, —
lliH me you will intercede lor, nml ohiaiii the pardon of
I eonle..;sirii of niiill;
III th.-it he drrins il |in!ilie to
idiani
vho, fr
rom their anloiior relations willi tho
id Iho iiiiitniil and tacit )rond iiiider.'-laiulin^
that siihsisted between lioth parties, were stillered to
id uiiinolesleil pos.sessioii of their
euiilinue in iiiiiel ai
|iiiy hii.iii.inil I
\h Ii||l
I'Inded Ihis last R'lileiier
ll, flic li.iil ri.^eii from In
and.
pissionale np-
eonseioiis only
ake him iiiiderfro all the fearful preliminaries without
earryinjr tlie sentenee itself into etVec'l."
'I'he iini'orliui.ite woiMiiii said no more. Wlii-n she
raised her heaving ehe.st lioni lliat <d' Ihe youii;; ellieir,
her eyes, tiionjfli red and shrunk to half their usual size
with weepiniT, were tearless; hut on her eninitinaiiee
there was an expression of wihl woe, infinitely more dis-
Iressinir to behold, in eiinsei|Uenee of Ihe almost .innatii-
ral cheek so suddenly ini|sised upon her feeliims. She
tottered, rather than walked, Ihroii^rli the ijroupid'otlii'ers,
who (rave way on either hand to let her pass; and re-
jeetinjx all assistance from the women who hail foMowid
into the room, and who now, in ols'ilienee to another
sifrnal from Captain Hlessinytcai, hastened lo her support,
linally jjained the door and ipiitird the apartment
CII.VI'TEIl IX.
Tlio sun was hiph in tlio iiioridian, as tho second do-
tachment, eominanded by Coloiiol do llaldimar in per-
son, issued from the fort of Detroit, it was that soft
and ha/.y seusoii, peculiar to the bland and beautiful au-
tumns of Canada, when tho froldoii lif;lit of Ilcavoii
seems as if transniilted lliron<;h a veil of tissue, and all
of nniinato and iiianimatn nature, expanding and fruc-
tify inir beneath its Ibsterin^ inlluonee, breathes the most
delicious lanjruur and voluptuous re|H).se. It was ono of
tiiosa still, calm, warm, and froiiial days, which in those
I ejjions come under the viiljrur desifjnation of tho In-
dian siimmor ; a season that is ever hailed by tho ('ana-
dian with a sati.^taetloii proportioned to tho extreme nul-
trinesa of tho summer, and the eipially oppressive rip;our
of Ihn winter, by which it is immodiutely preceded and
ibllowed.
Such a day as that wo have Just described was tho
of September, 17(13, when Ihe chief jmrtioii of the
Kniilisli jjariison of Ditroit issued forth from the Ibrti-
Hculions in which they had so Ioiij; bicn cooped up, and
in tlio presumed execution of a duly undeniably the
most tryiufT and painful that over fell In the lot of
soldier to pcrlbrm. 'i'ho detachment weudod its slow
and solemn course, with a iiiournli:l pageantry of pro-
pnrathiu that jrave leariiil oarnust of tlio tragedy ex-
peelud lu be enacted.
Ill front, and ilrai^ireil by the lianils of the )(unners,
moved two of the three tlireo-|Hiiinders, that had licen
ordered liir the duty. Ilehind tlicsn came Captain llles-
siugton's eompany, and in llieir rear, the prisoner llal-
loway, divested of his unilbrm, and clad in ii while eol-
lon jacket, and eapof Ihe same materijl. Six rank and
file of the (Treniiiliers Ibllowid, under Iho eomiiiuiid of n
eorjioral, and behind these ii^:aiii, came eif'lit men of the
same company; tour of whom bore on (heir Khouhlers a
eiiirm, eiivered with a coarse black pall that had peihaps
already assisted al I'llly interments; while tho oilier
lour carried, in aildlliuii to their own, the muskets ol
their buiilemil eomiailes. Afler these, ninrehed a soli-
tary driiiiiioei.hoy ; whose tall hear-skiu cap iitlesttMl
him lo he of I lie trrenadiers also, while his ninined in-
slruinenl mm Ked llie duly lor whieh he had been selecl-
ed. lake his eonirades, none of wlioiii exiiihiled (heir
seal hi miirorins, he wore tin' eidlar of his (freat eoal
eliisely hnltuneil henenlh his eliin, whieh v\ is only par-
tially visible above I lie slitV leal hern sloek lliat eneireled
Ins neek. Allhoiijli liis liatiiies were half buried in his
here they preserved an avowed neutrality,
llic iiiijiortanre id" (he boon solic'iled, now (liri'W lier-
H'll upon (!i,, hrea-t of (he hiirhly juined
1(1
itali'il
; ollieer. Her loni; and liiMiitiliil liiiir Ii II lloalinir
Inrr Ills f
(vrrc w
lee, and iniu|r|ed willi his own, whili' her
ilvlly ilisjKil around him, in all the energy of iVan-
' niul ho|i< I, -is adjuralioii.
".Vlini,dily d'od!" e.velaiined Ihe auitaled vonuff man,
111' iiiadi) a li'i'hle and (Vuitli'iw ellbrl In raise Ihe liirm
ihiMiiiliappy woman; "what shiill I say to imparl
Miil^irt III Huh Bull'erina lieiili; t t»h. Air'*.' llalloway,"
imrsiuil, " I would willinifly irive all I ii
Ml.. l.„ .1 .'....* :...7 S
f«M lo he |||<
••ml,— mill as i
(ilolliu; liiit, alus!
I ill tlii>
leans of saviii(r your unlbrtuiiiile hiis.
iniieli for his own sake as for yours would
lave nut the power. Do not (liink
Ihe onieert.ttliow'l
|| (ihulitcdloiiolil
(he iiio-it iiiH«"'it*l
■ler i.\tniiie »oii«*|
•|«'.ik without eoiivietion. My father lins just Ik...
^illl nil, mill 1 have ph'iided Ihe enilse of your hiishaiid
'liniicarni'slness 1 should scarcely liave used had my
II life Inch nt stake. Hut all my entrenli4's linvi' hi en
>iiii. lie is nlwllniile in the Is'llef my brolher's
ii'C^ nbrenec, and Doie'llaii'a death, are "uttnUiitahle
lioiiie.^, tt
never ollierwiso infriii);ed than liy the assislaino so-
erelly and occasionally rendered to the Kniflish troops,
whose fold they wore j;lad to rccive in cxelianjje for the
necessaries of lile.
Kvery dwellinjr of the infiint to\7r liad comiuenced
jjiviiijr up its lenanls, from Ihe iiionniil .vlieii the head of
the delaelniienl was seen Iraversinir the drawhridfre ;
■:i> thai, by the time it reached the hit;Iiway, anil look its
ilireetiou lo the lell, the whole |Kipulatiou of Diiroit
were already as.«'iiililed in ijronps, and ^;ivia^ e.vpiession
to their several conjecture.', with a vivacity of laii^iiaRo
and energy of (jeslieulatiuii that ivoiihl not ha\e dis-
irraeed the parent land iL-elf. As Ihe troops drew
nearer, however, liny all sank at onee into a silence, as
much the result o( certain nnaekni.tt ledjred mid mide-
liiied fears, as of the respect tlie Kn^rlisli had ever liecu
lecustoined to exact.
At Ihe further extremily of the town, and at a bend in
the road, which branehed oil' more iininediately towards
tiio river, stood a small public house, whose erenkiiifr
(;u Isire three ill executed (lenr-delis, apolofrelie ein-
hleiiis of the arms of rranee. The huildinjr itsilf was
little more than n rude lop hut, aloufr the front of wliicli
ran a plank, supinirted by two stumps of Irei's, and serv-
ing as a temporary accommodation both for the traveller
and Uie inmate. On this bench three persoii-s, np|)areiitly
altrncted by (he lM'au(y of the day and the mildness of
the autumnal sun, were now sealed, two of whom were
leisurely pull'mir their pi|H's, wliih' the third, a female,
was employed in eardinj; wool, a (piaiitity of which lay
in n basket at her feel, while she warbled, in a low tone,
one of the siniph' nirs of her native land. The ehler of
the two men, whose ape iniplit he nlsint fifly, oU'ered
nothing remarkable in his ap|M'nrnnee; , .\ was dressed
in a coat made of (he eonimoii white blanket, while his
hair, cut square u|Hm Ihe forehead, and lied into a club
of nearly a foot long, fell into the eaiie or hood attached
to it.
His companion was habited in a still more extraordi-
nary manner. His hiwer limbs were cased, up lo tho
inid-tlii(r|i, in lealhern leupinjrs, llie seam of which was
on the outside, h'avinp a iiiar(riii, or Isirder, of almiit on
inch wide, whieh had liceii slit into iiinumernblc small
frinjres, frivini; Ihem an air of elejranee and liirlidiess: a
(;ar(er of leadier, curiously wroiiirhl, with (he s(ained
quills of (he porcupine, em ireled each lej;, i ledialely
under the knee, where il was tied in a bow, and then
siill'ered to hang; |H'iidaiit halfway down Ihe limb; lo (ho
frmjTi'H of the lejrjriuKs, iiioreo\er, were allnched iiuiiie-
rons dark-coloured horny suhst iiiees, emiltiiijr, as tliey
raided apiiins( each odier, at the sliulidst movement of
(he wearer, a (inkliiii; souiiil, reseiiihlinuf (hat prod d
by a nnmhir of small ihindelieale brass bells; (liese were
the ll iiilc r hiKifs of (he wild deer, ilricd, scraped, and
otherwise prepared for Ihis oriiaiiiinlal purpose.
The Ibriii and fncv. of (his individiinl were in |ierfect
keepiiiu wilh (he H(yle of his eosdiiiie, and (he eliaraetrr
of bis cquipmeid. His slalme was Isvoiid (hat of ilie
orihni ly race of men, and his addede and must iilar liiiihs
""It'll 'I xlreines ol'slreii(;lli and iie(ivi(y. His (iadires,
marked anil promineiil, wore n easi of hiihidial (lioiiphl,
Irmirely dnelmed with lirmily ; and the e.vpression of
llierwise not iinhiindsome eonnlrnanee was re|K lleiit
en
iiii;e
and the lii;;li eolliir of his coal, lliero was an
ir of delieiiey abiiiil Ins person Hint seemed lo lender
I to sui ll an olllie ; and iiioro than oni o was
mil iiiisiiik'i
Cap'ain Diskine, who liillowed imni'dialely behind him
ill (he hind of his eoiiipany, eoinpelled lo call sharply
to the uri hill, llirentininjr liiiii u ilii a week's drill unless
he inc. lied his leelile ntiil iiiieipial pi
lid kept fn
miller Ihn li-el of hi" men. The reiiiuiiiiii|f (iim iironijhl
ii|i (lin rear ofdie delnehmriil, who miirched with lixed
linyoiiels niid two halls in each tnilsket ; die whnln pre-
seiitinpa liiiiit of leelioiis, (bat complelely filled up (he
toad nloni! « Inch I hey passed. Colonel de lluliliiiiar.
Caplaiii \Vi iil»iirlli,aiid (ho Adju(aiil Iinwsun liilloweil
ill (hn ex(reine rear.
An even( so singular ns (hat ofthoapiH'aranrr of the
Kii)rhsli williout their liirt, beset ns (hey were by a lios(
(if tierce nnd daniieioiis eneii^es, whs iioI likely (n pn^n
unniidced by a siiiohi iudivliliinl in dm liKln villniie oi
Hi(roi(. We have ntrendy ohservd, dia( niiiM( of (lie
eid'Uilst sedlers hid lH>en cruelly mnssneied at (he
leiy oiiuit uf luuilililirs. Nut su, liuwever, wllli lh|i
his
I di al.iiiil'ul. A( (he (irs( Klaine he iiiit;ht have 1h'
taken liir cue of the swnrll
loiill
ll till
and
IV natives i
if till
but
eoiislant inpiisure lo Heoreliiii(f mns
had ffiveii In his eomph'iiioii a ihiskv hue, still Ihtre was
iiiliii(r the qiiieli, hhu'k, penedalinp eye ; (he hipli
•liei k Isme ; llie slrniiilil
rse, shininif
biaek hi
I (lu
siiiiill bony hniiil nml I'ool ; nnd (he pineidly proud and
SI I inns air, by wliieli (he liirmer is ilisdii|>nislied. His
own eye was of n deep Idiiish pray ; his hair sliin(, dark,
and Wavy; his hands lari;e and iniiseiilar ; and so far
I'rom exhihidiu; iinv of (hi
sell'-eoimiiand of (he liidii
(he eoiis(aii( play of his li'ndires he(ray<d
thoiiirlit wilh (he same rapidity with which il
eneh passing
livid. Hill if
my doiihl enuld have exisled in Ihe iiilnil
slraiii;ily neeeiilred (ipiir
of him who lN'lie)il (his
wouldlmvi lM'enins(aii(lydis|Klledliva |flniieen( hi^s iiii'ili.-.
l;'rom his leppinifs (o (he hip, (lia( 'iKirdon of dii' lowi r
limb
wns coinpled'ly bare, nnd iliseliwed, n( eneh
iiiinl of the (rarinenl (hn( was siillered (o f.dl hmsi ly over
i(, iio( (he sxvardiy nnd cop|H'reidoiired lle-li i.f Ihe liidinii,
hut (he |inli' (lioiiph smiliiirid skin of oiiiol a more (eiii.
is'rale eh His npe mi|(hl ls< alsiiK ("orly.live.
At Ihe iiiuiiiciit wlaii Uic Ungluiidrtavhnient «j>j>r j«i lu d
■ !■,■(■; , "''i *
i
1
i
,1
c *•
'■■ ''li
«tl,a.
■|r-
i ' 1^
224
Wacousta, ok the prophecv.
^'vr.
i.:""^. '
tlie bend in the road, these two individimls were con-
versing earnestly together, pausing only to putt' at inter-
vals thick and wreathing volumes of smoke from their
pijws, which were filled with a mixture of tobacco and
odoriferous herbs. Presently, however, sounds that ap.
peaied familiar to his ear arrested the attention of the
wildly accoutred being we liave last dcscrilK.'d. It was
tlie licavy roll of the artillery carriages already advancing
along the road, UTid somewhat iu the rear of the hut.
To dash his pipe to the ground, seize and cock and
raise liis ride to his shoulder, was but the work of a
moment, Startled by the suddenness of the action,
his male companion moved a lew paces also iVom his
seat, to discover the cause of this singular movement.
The female, on the contrary, stirred not, but ceasing tor
a moment tlie occupation iu which she had been engaged,
fixed her dark and brilliant eyes upon the tall form of
the rifleman, whose athletic limbs, tiirown into powerful
relief by the distention of each nerve and muscle, ap-
pearcd to engross her whole admiration and interest,
without any reference to the cause that had produced
this abrupt and hostile change in his movements. It was
evident that, unlike the other inhabitants of the town,
this group had been taken by surprise, and were utterly
unprepared to expect any thing in the sha|>e of interrup-
tion.
Tor upwards of a minute, during which tlio march of
the men became audible even to the ears of the female,
the formidable warrior, for such his garb denoted him to
be, continued motionless in the attitude he had at first
osmmed. No sooner, however, had the head of the ad-
vaiicing column come within sight, than the aim was
taken, the trigger pulled, and the small and ragged bullet
B|M;d hissing from the grooved and delicate barrel. A
triumphant cry was next [K-aled from the lips of the
warrior, — a cry produced by the quickly repeated appli-
cation and removal of one haiul to and from the month,
while the other suttered the butt end of the now harmless
weapon to fall loosi^ly upon the earth. He then slowly
and deliberately withdrew within the cover of the liut.
This daring action, which had been viewed by the
leading troops with astonishment not unminglcd with
alarm, occasioned a temporary confusion in the ranks,
for all believed they had f^iUeii into an ambuscade of the
Indians. A halt was instvntly commanded by Captain
Blessington, iu order to give time to the governor to come
up from the rear, while he iroceeded with one of the
leading sections to reconnoitre the front of the hut. To
liis surprise, however, he found neither enemy, nor evi-
ilenco that an enemy had been there. 'I'lio only individuals
visible were the Canadian, and the dark-eyed female.
Doth were seated on the- bench ;— the one smoking his
pipe with a well assnmed np|K-arance of unconcern — the
other carding her wool, but with a hand that by a close
observer might be seen to tremble in its office, and a
cheek that was paler than at the moment when we first
placed her before tlie imagination of the reader. Both,
however, started with unatVieted surprise on seeing
Captain Blessington and his little force turn the corner
of the house from the main road; and certain looks of
recognition passed between all parties, lliat proved them
to be no strangers to each other.
"Ah, monsieur," said the Canadian, in a mingled
dialect, neither Trench nor lOnglish, while he attempted
an ease and freedom of manner that was too miserably
ntVected to pass current with the mild but observant
otfieer whom he addressed, " how miieli surprise I am,
and glad to see yon. It is a long times sineo you came
out of de fort. I liois' de governeur and do olheir Ihi uU
very well. I was tinking to go lo-day to see if you want
any ling. I have got some nice rum of the Jamaique for
Capitaine ilrskim'. Will yon please to try some'"
While speaking, the voluble host of the I''leur de lis had
risen iVniii his seat, laid aside his piiM% and now stood
with his hands thrust into his pockets of his blanket
coal.
" It is indeed a long time sinre we have hirn here,
Master Francois," somewhat Biireustieally and drily re.
plied C.iptiiin HleBsin«tc)ii ; " and yoii have not visited us
quite so oUen Utterly yourself, tliiiugli well aware we
were in want of fresh provisions. I give you all dne
credit, however, for your intention of eoming to-day, but
you see we have an'lieiputed you, Still this is not llu'
point. Where is the Indian who fired at us j>ist now /
and how i't it wr finil you li'ngiied with our enemies I"
" WIml, sir, is it yoii say '" asked the Canailiiiii, holil-
ing up his hiinds with 'feigned nsloiiishiiieiil. " Me
league myself with de savage. l'|>on my honour I did
not «pn nnhmly lire, or I Blioiild tell you. I love do
Knglish loo well to ilo dein harms."
"Come, come, Franvuis, no nouionse. If I canuot
make you confers, thei c is one not far from me who will
You know Colonel ile Haldiitiar too well to imagine he
will be trifled with in this manner : if he detects you in
a falsehood, he will certainly cause you to be hanged up
at the first tree. Take my advice, tlierelbre, and say
where you have secreted this Indian ; and recollect, if we
fall into an ambuscade, your life will be forfeited at tl)c
first shot we hear fired."
At this moment tlie governor, followed by his adjutant,
came rapidly up to the sjKjt. Captain Blcssington com-
municated tlic ill success of his queries, when the former
cast on the terrified Canadian one of those severe and
searching looks which he so well knew how to assume.
Where is the rascal who fired at us, sirrah? tell me
instantly, or you have not five minutes to live."
The heart of mine host of the Fleur de lis quailed
within him at this formidable threat; and the usually
ruddy hue of his countenance had now given place to an
ashy paleness. 8lill as he had jmsitively denied all
knowledge of the matter on which he was questioned,
he apjxjured to feel his salety lay in adhering to his
original statement. Again, tliiretbre, fie assured the
governor, on his honour (laying his hand u|>on his heart
as he spoke,) that what he had already stated was the
fact.
" Your honour — you pitiful trading scoundrel — how
dare you talk to me of your honour ? Come, sir, confess
at once where you have secreted this fellow, or prepare
to die."
" If I may be so bold, your honour," said one of Cap-
tain Bleasington's men, " tlie Frenchman lies. When
the Ingian tired among us, this fellow was peeping under
his shoulder and watching us also. If I had not seen
him too otten at the fort to be mistaken in his person, I
should have known him, at all events, by his blanket coat
and red handkerchief."
I'his blunt statement of the soldier, confirined as it
was the instant afterwards by one of his comrades, was
damning proof against the C'anudiaii, even if the fact of
the rille being discharged from the front of the liut had
not already satisfied all parties of the falsehood of his as-
sertion.
"Come forwaro, a couple of files, and seize this villain,"
resumed the governor with his wonted sternness of man-
ner. " .Mr. Lawson, see if his hut docs not afford a rope
strong enough to hang the traitor from one of his own
apple trees."
Uuth parties proceeded at the same moment to execute
the two distinct orders of their chief. The Canadian
was now firmly secured in the grasp of the two men who
had given evidenco against him, when, seeing all the
horror of the dreadtiil fate that awaited him, he confessed
the individual who had fired had been sitting with him
the instant previously, but that he knew no more of liim
than of any other savage occasionally calling at the
Fleiir de lis. He added, that on diseharging the rifle he
had bounded across the iHilinga of the orchaid, and fled
in the direction of the forest. He denied all knowledge
or bi'lief of an enemy waiting iu ambush ; stating,
moreover, even the individual in question had not been
aware of the sortie of the detachment until apprised of
their near approach by the heavy sound of the gun car-
riages.
Here are undeniable proofs of the man's villnny, sir,"
said the adjutant, returning I'ruin the hut and exhibiting
objects of new and fearful interest to the govt^rnor.
" 'I'his hat an<l ro|Hi I four '. secreted in one of the bed-
rooms of the aulxTge. The fiist is evidently Duiiellan's;
and from the hook attached to the latter, I apprehend it
lo ;<v' the same slated to have been used by Captain de
Italdimar in erossiiig the dileli."
The gnveriinr took the hat and rn|)o iVom the hiiiuls
of his subordinate, i xamined lliem attentively, and alter
a few momenlH of deep mUNiiig, during which his eoun-
Icnanee underwint several rapid lliough scarcely |H!r-
eplible changes, turned suddenly and eagerly to the
soldier wliM li.i<l first eunvictid the Canadian in liisfulse-
lii lid, anil ili'inanded if he had seen enough of the man
who had lired tu lie able to give even a general descrip-
tion of his iM'rson.
" Why yes, your linnoiir, I think I can; for llie fellow
»l(s)d long enough utter tiring his iiieee, for a piiiiiter lo
have taken liliii off from head lo loot. Ile was a liiller
iind larger man by fur llinii our biggest grenadii'r, anil
that is jioor Harry l>oiiellaii, as your honour kniivts.
Iliil ns tiir his dress, though I eoiild we it all, I seareely
can lell how lo deserils' il. All I know is, he was
eiivered with smoked deer skin, in some such liiiMon as
the great rliief I'oiiteae, only, Instead of having hi* head
hare and shaved, he wore n strange outlandish sort of a
hal, covered over with wild birds' ft-athers in iVonI,"
" Enough," interrupted the governor, motionini; the
man to silence ; then, in an under tone to himsc lt;~" j)
heaven, the very same." A shade of diseppointmoni
and suppressed alarm, passed rapidly across his br»w'
it was but momentary. "Captain Blcssington," he tt
dercd quickly and impatiently, "search the liut ano'
grounds for this lurking Indian, who is, no doubt «
creted in the neighbourhood. Quick, quick, sir ; tluro k
no time to be lost." Then in an intimidaliiig loneio
the Canadian, who had already dropped on his kn(„
supplicating mercy, and vociferating his innocence in th,
same brealh, — " So, you infernal scoundrel, this ig tile
manner in which you have repaid our confidence. Where
is my son, sir ? Or have you already murdered liim, „
you did his servant ! Tell me, you villain, what have Jca
to say to these proofs of your treachery ? Butstny, I i,"h)||
take another and fitter opportunity to question you. .Mr
Laweon, secure this traitor properly, and let him be con.
vcyed to the centre of the detachment."
The mandate was promptly obeyed ; and in despite of I
his own unceasing prayers and protestations of innutciice
and tile tears and entreaties of his dark-cycd dau«hlfr
Babctte, who had tlirown herself on her knees nt his'sido
llie stout arms of mine host of the Flcur de lis were scoo
firmly secured behind his back with tlie strong rope tint
had been found under such suspicious circunistuiicet in
his possession. Before he was marched oH", however i«o
of the men who had been sent in pursuit, returned from
the orchard, stating that furtlier search was now fruitless,
Thejr had penetrated tlirough a small tliicket at the pj.
trcmity of ttie grounds, and had distinctly seen a nun
answering the description given by tlieir comrades, in
full flight towards the forest skirting the heights in I'rpnt
The governor was evidently far from being salislieij j
with the result of a search too late instituted to leave
even a prospect of success. " Where arc the Indiui
principally encamped, sirrah ?" he sternly demanded oi
his captive ; " answer me truly, or I will carry off tliii i
wench as well, and if a single hair of a man of mine be
even singed by a shot from a skulking enemy, you niai
expect to see her bayoneted before your eyes."
" Ah, my God ! Monsieur le Gouverneur," exclnimfd
tlie atTrightcd aubergiste, " as I am an honest man, I
shall tell do truth, but spare my child. They arc nllin
dc forest, and half a mile from dc little river dat nins be-
tween dis and de Pork Island."
" Hog Island, I suppose you mean."
" Yes sir, do Hog Island is dc one I means,"
" Conduct him to the centre, and let him be cunrrnnM 1
with tlio prisoner," directed the governor, addressing b I
adjutant; "Captain Blessington, your men may rntn I
their stations in the ranks." The order was obeyed ; mi I
notwithstanding the tears and Bupplications of the not I
highly excited liabette, who flung herself upon his netli,!
and was only remeved by force, the terrified Cauaiii»j|
was bornu utt' t'roni his premises by tlie troops.
CHAPTER X.
While this scene was enacting in fVontoftlio Heurikl
lis, one of s far more touching and painful nature m
passing in the very heart of tlie detachment ilsell'. Ail
the moment when the halt was ordered by Cuptaiii BI<tI
sington, a rumnur ran through the ranks that llier hul
reached the spot destined for the execution of thi'ir ill I
I'uted comrade. Those only in the imiiiodiate front »rn|
aware of the true cause; but although the re|iort of ilil
rille had Is'en distinctly liearil by all, it had Ihiii iliirl
Imted bv those in iJie rear to the aecidcntal disilinrjeii
one of their own muskets, A low murmur, rxprruinl
of the opinion generally entertained, |mssed grniliiillil
from rear to front, until it at length reached the nnM
the delicate drummer lioy who marched b<-liinil llie rriiil
His face was slill buried in the collar of his iiuil; id
what was lell uneovered of his features by llin rnp, «>l
ill some degree hiiiilen by the forward drooping nl'liislnill
n|>on Ills I'hesf. Hitherto he had moved ailllo^t niicliinl
eally along, tottering and embarrassing himself at mil
step under the ciiinbluus drum tliat was su«|H'niled (tJT
a Im'U round his neck over the lel\ thigh ; but now llm
w.is a certain indeserilmble drawing up of the I'ramtM
triision of the whole |x!rson, denoting a coneenlniliir.
all the nifiral and physical energies, — a siidili'ii waiiua
up, as it were, of the intellei'timl and eor|Hireal liriiiM
some ilelermiiied and momentous piir|iose.
At the first halt of the detachment, the weary iiii|>
ers of the eofliii had depositnl their rude nnd lorl
burden ii|sm the earth, pr«|Nirnfory lo it« beiin reiui
by those ap|iciinled lo relievn them. The (lull m
emitted by the hollow fabrir, ai it touched llir (r««^
aught the ear of him for whom il was drsl:nr(l, inill(
Mi:
w^mpim^^ ^mmi^©'^ ©im®wmm^iir® mi3i^^mT^
lor, motioning the
1 to himself,—" By
of disoppoinlmfni,
Y ncroBB his bro«;
llcsBington," he ct.
arch the hut and
is, no doiibl, st.
quick, sir ; tlierc «
ntimidnlhig tone to
ppcd on his V.nut,
his innocence in the
Dimdrcl, this is thj
■ confidence. Where
y murdered him, ji
Uain, what have vcu
y? Butstny, IAjH
question you. Mr.
and let him be con.
It."
!d ; and in despite of
jtations of innotxnce,
dark-cycd dnughlft
her knees ot his fiie,
leur de lis were noon
1 tlic strong rope llisi
Dus circumstuiicti! in
;hed oft', however two I
ursuit, returned from
rch was now fruillcw,
lall tliicket at the ei.
listinctly seen a mm
iy their comrades, in
g the heights in front.
from being salitlied I
to instituted to leivt
here are the Inditii
B Bternly demanded of I
r I will carry off lliii
r of a man of mine be I
king enemy, you nn;
your eyes.'"
)uverncur," exclninifl! 1
em an honest man, 1 1
;hild. They arc all in
little river dat rum be. '
an
|»no 1 means."
let him be c«nfronl»dl
rnor, addressing hu I
our men nioy resun« I
order was obtyed ; ml I
iplications of the no< I
herself upon his ricel, I
ho terrified t'unidiui|
the troops.
■1 front of the Heurdi
id painful uiilurc«ii
ictaehnient ilstll' .*i
lored by Captain Bier
c ranks that they liM
execution of lh(ir il
, imniodiate front »m
ugh the rei»irt of tin
nil, it had Inin »Hir]
eeideiilal disilmrif «1
, murmur, ex^ircKml
,ed, iHiBBOil grailuillil
,h renched llii' i'»r)i|
jched iM-hirid the o(lli|
[)llar of his i(«il;iii
jturcs by thiMii|i,>i
[rd drooping ol'hisl"*!
'lovcd aluiost niiciiii
■sing hiinsi'U" at ""
t was susl" iidrJ frs
thigh ■ hilt nil" iH
I upofthelVume,
ling n cnnrriilrnlii
L a BUildcii *-iM
liid coriKinal IkiiiC
liurpose.
lit, the wrnry m.
\v\r rude mid '"'
to its l«'iii(t '""•
III). The dull >•
touched the If""
wasdcslimd.iwl'
VOL. I«
I'lIILAMBLlMIIA, APKIL S3, 1833.
ISO. 15.
rKi.MEi) ASi) I'l ULisHtn i.v Mi..\M WAJ.DIi;, .Nil. li, Niiuili RioiiTli Stiiekt, I'liir.AnKi.iMiu— At Jt!."> I'nr ii niinilu r.s, |Kiy:ilil.' In iiitvu'iii'i
rilKH.MX N. Wrl'Ml & .'O. It' ..^Ki.r.Kits, II.M/n.MiiIiK, iir,- .\m'iita lor Hit' stall's of JMiiryliintl. Viraiiiiri, mid Oiiin, ririil ttn- oiiy ul' Ni-w Orii-niH.
turned to gaze upon the sad und lonely tenement so
shortly to become his final resting place. 'I'here was nn
air ot calm composure and dignified sorrow upon his
ijrow that infused res|)cct into the hearts of all who be-
held himi nn'' ^'"^" "'" '""" selected to do the duty of
o.KCCUtioncrs sought to evade his glance, as his steady eye
n-andercd from right to lell of the fatal rank. His atten-
tion however, was principally directed towards the coHin,
which lay liclbrc hin» ; on this lie gazed fi.\cdly tor u|v
wards of a minute. Ho then turned his eyes in the di-
roction of the tort, shuddered, heaved a profound sigh,
iiid looking up to lieaven, with the apparent fervour that
became his situation, seemed to pruy tor a moment or
two inwardly and devoutly. The thick and almost
suffocating breathing of one immediately beyond the cot-
till was now distinctly heard by all. Hallowny started
from liis attitude of devotion, gazed earnestly on the form
whence it proceeded, and then wildly extending his arms,
suffered a smile of satisfaction to illumine his pale fea-
tures. All eyes were now turned u|)on the drummer
boy, wiio, evidently labouring under convulsive cxeitc-
meiit of feeling, suddenly dashed his cup and instrument
to the earth, and flew as fust as his tottering and uncer-
tain steps would admit across tho coffin, and into the
arms extended to receive him.
" My Ellen ! oh, my own devoted, but too unhappy
Ellen!" passionately exclaimed the soldier, as he clasjied
the slight and agitated form of his disguised wife to his
throbbing heart. " This, this, indeed, is joy even in
death. I thought I could have died more happily without
vou, but nature tugs |iowerfully at my heart ; and to see
Vou once more, to feel you once more here" (and he
pressed her wihily to his chest,) " is indeed a bliss that
robs m'' approaching fate of half its terror."
"Oh Reginald 1 my dearly beloved Reginald ! my iiiiir-
1 dercd hushand !" shrieked the unhappy woman ; " your
Ellen tt ill not survive you. Her heart is already broken,
I llioiigh she cannot weep ; but the same grave shall eon-
l,iin us both. Reginald, do you helievo me 7 I swear it ;
I the same grave shall contain us both."
K.\lniHted with the fatigue and excitement she hud
I umlcrj;oiii', the faithful and affectionate creature now lay,
wiUioiil sense or inotio,,, in the arms of her wretched
1 hu.>band. ilalloway bore Iter, unop|>osed, a pace or two
iu advance, and dc|iositcd her unconscious form on the
I fatal colhii.
.\o language of ours can render justice to the trying
I character of tho scene. All who witnessed it were paiii-
I fully affected, and over the hron:red cheek of many a vcte-
I ran coursed a tear, tliat, like that of Stcrnt^'s recording
I angel, Plight have blotted out a catalogue of sins. Al-
ItliDiigh each was prepared to expect a repriiiiaiul from
llii' (fiivi'inor, for suffering the prisoner to ipiit lii.s station
I in the ranks, humanity and nature pleaded too |K)wrr-
I fully in his behalf, und neither oHicer or man attempted
Itn iulirlVri', unless with a view to render assistance.
Iciptaiii Krskine, in particular, was deeply pained, und
lifoulil have given any thing to reeni the liarsli laligungc
Ihe had used towards the sup|ios('d idh) and inattentive
Idruinniir lioy. Taking from a (loeket in his uiiitorm a
liiiiall flask of brandy, which he had provided against
IcaMiallics, the conipassiimuting officer slightly raised the
llitad of the pale and uneunscioua v\'oiiinii with one hand,
Ivvhil' with the other he mtrmlueed a few drops In tweeii
Ihir parted lips. Ilallowoy knelt ut the opisisite side of
Itlie eotfiii; (iiie hand searching, hiit in vain, the suspendeil
Lil«' of his inanimate wife; tlir other, iiiibuttonitig the
finastof the druiu-boy's jacket, which, with every other
larl of the i'i|iiipmeut, she wore licneath the loose great
rml wMll'i'itiniliy aeconiplinhing her disguise.
Such was the |N>sition of Ihe chief neturs in this truly
biFln'Ming drnniH, nt the mniiienl when Onlniiel de Hal.
lliinar cniui' up with his new prisoner, to nnirk whni
rlfret woiihl he priHiiieed nn llnlloway by his unex|H'rteil
L|i|«'arnni'i'. His own surprise and (iissppnintiuiiil iiiny
p easily rniii'iived, when, in the tiirin of the reeiinils'iil
iiiiill who seemed to engross utiiversiil nttenlioii, he ri
vitnineil, hy tin: lliir and sireuniing hair, niid half ex-
biiM'd Iswiini, the unfortunate iH'iiig wlioiii, onlv two
Boiira previously, he had spurned fi'niu his feet in the
y«itiime of her own sex, and rediieeil, hy the viideiii'f of
III i(ri«f,tii nliiiiMt iiifnntiiie debility, tiiiesliniisupeerdeil
kiir<liiin to those nroimd, but without eliciting niiv eliie
olhr nieani hy which tills mysterious disguise Imit been
fleeted. No one had liccn iiivare, until the truth was so
singularly and suddenly revealed, the supposed drummer
was any other than one of the lads attached to the grena-
diers; and us for the other facts, they simke too plainly
to the eoiuprehension of the governor to need explana-
tion. Once more, however, the detueliinenl was called
to order. Hulloway struck his hand violently upon tiis
brow, kissed the wan lips of his still unconscious wife,
iireathing as he did so, a half murmured hope she might
indeed bo the corpse she appeared. He then reised him-
self trom the earth with n light and elastic yet firm move-
iiiciit, anil resumed the place he had previously occupied,
where, to his surpiise, ho beheld a second victim bound,
and, apparently, devoted to the satne death. When tho
eyes of the two unhappy men met, the governor closely
watched the expression of the countenance of each ; but
although the Caiiadiuii started on beholding the soldier,
it might be merely because he saw the latter arrayed in
the garb of death, and followed by the most unequivocal
demonstrations of a doom to which he himself was, in all
probability, devoted. As for Halloway, his look betrayed
neither consciousness nor recognition ; and though too
proud to express complaint or to give vent to the feelings
of his heart, his whole soul apiieared to be absorbed in
the unhappy |)arfncr of his luckless destiny. Presently
he saw her borne, and in the same state of insensibility,
in the arms of Captain Erskinc and Lieutenant Leslie,
towards the hut of his fellow prisoner, and he heard the
former officer enjoin the weeping girl, nabctte, to whose
charge they delivered her over, to pay every attention to
her her situation might require. The detachment then
proceeded.
The narrow but deep and rapid river alluded to hy the
Canadian, as running midway lietwcen the town and
Hog Island, derived its source fur within the forest, and
formed the bed of one of those wild, dark, and thickly
wooded ravines so common in America. As it nearcd
the Detroit, however, the abruptness of its banks was so
considerably h'sseiied, as to render the approach to it on
the town side over an almost iin|icvceptilile slo|s'. Within
a few yards of its month, as we have already observed, a
riide but strong wooden bridge, over which lay the high
rjiad, hud been constructed hy the French j nnd from the
centre of this, all the circuit of intcrinediate clearing,
even to the very sUirt of the forest, was distinctly com-
niandud hy the naked eye. To the right, on ai>proacliing
it from the town, lay tho ndjncent shores of Canada,
washed by the broad wnters of the Hetrcit, on which it
was thrown into strong relief, nnd which, at the distance
if alioiit a mile in front, was seen to divvrge into two
distinct channels, pursuing each a separnte course, until
tlii'y again met at Ihe western extremity of Hog Island.
On the li'fl, and in the front, rose a succession of slightly
iilihilntiiig hills, which, at a di.stnnce of little more than
half a mile, terniiiiatcd ill an elevation considerably above
the iminodinte level of the IVtroit side of the ravine.
That, again, was crowned with thick nnd overhanging
forest, taking its circulur sweep nrntmd the fort. The in-
termcdinto ground was studded over with rude stumps , .'
trees, and Imre, in various directions, distinct proofs of
the spoliation wrought among the infant possessions of
the murdered English settlers. 'I'lie view to the rear was
less o|Hn J the town Isiiig partially hidden by'tlie fruit,
laden orchards that lined the intervening high road, and
hung pi'iiieipally im its lelV. This was not the case with
the li>rt, lletween these orehards and the distant fbresl
lay a line of o|h'ii eoimtry, fully commanded by its can-
lion, even to the ravine we have ileserilsd, and iu a
sweep that emliraeed every thing from the hiidge itself
III tile liiresl, in whii'li all traces of its source was lost.
When the delaeliment had nrrived \»'illiiii twenty yards
of the bridge, they wern made lr> file ofl'tn the h'll, until
the last gun had eonie up. They were then ficmtedj the
rear sietinn of Captain Erskine's cnnipany rcsliiig on
the riiiiil, nnd Ihe lri> flank, eoveriil by the two first guns
|Hiiiiteil iiblii|ui'ly, Isith in t'runl nnd rear, to guard agniiisl
surprise, iu the event of nny of the Indians stcnluig
I'lHind to the cover of the nrehnrils. The route by whieli
they hiid ajiproaeheil this s|H)t was upwards of two miles
in evieiit ; iuit, astjicy now filed off into tlnnpeu ground,
the lending sei'tiolis iilisrrved, in a iliriel line over the
eli'ured eiiiiiilry, and nt the dislnnee of little more limn
three quarters rfa niilc,tlie dark ramparts of Ihe (iirtress
that eoiituiiicd their ronirudes, and could even distinguish
the nnilbrms of the otKcers and men drawn up in lino
along the works, where they were evidently assembled to
witness the execution of the scntinci^ on Halloway.
Such a tight as that of the English so far from their
fort, was not likely to cseajK' the notice of the Indians.
Their encainpinetit, as the Canadian had truly staled, lay
within the forest, and beyond the elevated ground ulready
alluded to; and to have crossed the ravine, or ventured
out of reach of the cannon of the fort, would have been
to have scaled the destruction of the dctaclnnent. Hut
the oflicer to whom their security was entrusted, although
he had his own particular views for venturing thus far,
knew also at what point to stop ; nnd such was the con-
fidence of his men in his skill nnd prudence, they would
have fearlessly followed wherever he might have chosen
to lead. Still, even oinid all the solemnity of prepara-
tion attendant on the duty they w rre out to [icrform, tliero
was a natural and secret npprchcnsiveness about each,
that caused him to east his eyes freipiently nnd fixedly
on that part of the forest which was known to aftbrd
cover to their merciless Iocs. At times they fancied they
beheld tlie dark and flitting forms of men gliding from
tree to tree along the skirt of the wood ; but when they
gazed ngnin, nothing of the kind was to bo seen, nnd the
illusion was ut once ascribed to the heavy state of the at-
mosphere, and the action of their own precautionary in-
stincts.
Meonwhilc the solemn tragedy of denlh was preparing
in mournful silence. On the centre of the bridge, nnd
visible to those even within the fort, was placed the coffin
of Halloway, and nt twelve paces in front were drawn up
the six rank and file on whom had devolved, by lot, tho
cruel duly of the day. With calm and fi'arless eye the
prisoner Burvcyed the preparations for his npproaching
end; and whatever might be the inward workings of his
mind, there was not among the assembled soldiery one
individual whose countenance betrayed so little of sorrow
and emotion as his own. With n firm step, when suiii-
nioned, he moved towards the fatal coflin, oashing his cap
to the earth ns ho adviuiced, nnd baring his chest withllio
characteristic cnnlempt of dciith of the soldier. When he
had reached the centre of the bridge, he turned facing
his Romradcs, and knelt iqion the cnlfiii. ('aptnin liles-
singlon, who, permitteil hy the governor, had (bllowed
him with a sad heart and heavy step, now drew a prayer-
book from his pocket, nnd rend from it in n low voice.
He then closed tho volume, li.stcncd to something the pri-
soner cnrnestly communicated to him, received n sninll
packet whieli fie drew from the Imsom of his shirt, shook
iiiin long and cordially by the hand, and then hastily re-
sumed his post nt the head of the detachment.
Till' principal inhabitants of the villngc, led by curio-
sity, lind followed nt a distance to witness the execution
of the condemned soldier; nnd nlsive the heads of tli«
line, nnd crowning the slope, were eolleited groups of
both se.xes nnd of nil ages, tliat gave a still nuire inqiosiiig
eharnctcr to the fceric. i'lvery eye was now turned upon
the firing party, who only nwnited the siifuul to exeeuto
their nnlaneholy oflieo, when suddenly, in the direction
of the forest, and upon the c\treme lieight, there burst
the tremendous nnd denfening yells of more than a thuu-
sand snvnges. For an instant llalluwny was forgotttn in
the insliiiclivo sense of individual danger, nnd all gnzcd
eagerly to nsii rtnin the movcminfs of their enemy. I're-
seiitly n mnn, naked to the waist, Ins body nnd Ince bc-
smenred with strenks of black nnd red paint, nnd his
whole nttitudc expressing despair and horror, was seen
flying down the height with n rapidity i>roportinned In
the extreme peril in which he stood. At nliiiut filly pacts
in his renr fiillowed a dozen bounding, sercnniiiig In-
dians, armed with nplifled tomahawks, whose anxiety in
pursuit lent lliein a s|S'ed that even surpassed the eflbrlH
of flight itself. It was evident the olijn t iif the pursued
Was to reaeli the detaehnient, that of the pinsnrrs to pre-
vent him. The ntriigirle was iiiaintiilned lor a few mo-
iiirnts with equality, hut in the end the latter were Iri.
iiinphaiit, nnd nt eseli step the distance that sepnratt d
llieiii lierame less. At till' first alarm, Ihe detnehimnt,
with the exception of the firing parly, who still oeeupn il
their ground, had Iseii thrown into sqiiure, nnd, kM\ a
gun planted in eneli nngh', nwiilti d the nttaek monieiitn-
rily ex|s>ited. Hut nlllioiigh the heights were now nlive
with the dusky fiirins of naked warriors, who, I'rnni the
•kin of the forest, watched tlipexprtlona ofth( ir fillows,
*
r)'
4
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^■0
220
WACousTA, OK Tin: I'llOriiECV.
m---
'"-.A'-
r'n
tlio iiiirs'nit oC tlie wti'IiIkiI fngilivo wiis cjiifini'il to
llicsi) aloiH". Korriiiosl iil' the l:ii(<;r, niul (liy|iiiiriii!>liril
\ty his violent c.xrrtiniiii iinil ticnills)) c:iis, was llii' lull
iiiul wildly attired warrior of tho Klciir ilo lis. At every
h.iiind he gained njion his victim. Already were tliey
descending the nearest of the uiidnlutln<; hills, and hoUi
now iH'oitine conspicuous oliji^tbi to all aronnd ; but prin-
cipally the pursuer, whose jri^antic frame and extraordi-
nary speed riveted every eye, even while the interest of
ull was ex-<;ited I'or the wretched luffitife alune.
At tli.it moment lliUoway, who had heen ff-T/"'!? "»
the scene witli an astonisluneJit little inferior to that of
llii oiinirailes, spranj; suddi iily to his feet upon the coilin,
niul waving liis hand in tlic direetiin of the pnrsuinjr
pucniy, .«hiiuted aloud in ii voice of mingled joy and
triumph, —
" II J 1 Ahniyfhty Ood, I thank thee! IIcio, here comes
one wli) alone li.is the power to snatch me from my ini-
pendinit doom."
" liy lle.ivcn, tho traitor eonfi;sf;cs, and presumes to
triumph in his guilt," exclaimed the vr.ieo of one, who,
whilj elosi'ly attending to every movement of the In-
dians, was also vit;ilanlly watching the ell'ect likely to he
produced on tlie jirisoncr by this unexpected interrup-
tion. "Curporal, do yonr ilnty."
"Stay, ;1ay — onu uioment stay I" implored Ilalloway
with uplifted Imnd^.
" I)j your duty, «ir," fiercely repeated the governor.
" ( )li stop — for (IojI'd sako, stop ! .\notlicr moment and
he will Ik- Iktc, nnil I "
lie said no moro — a dozen bullets penetrated his body
— one pas.sed dir<«'tly through his heart. He heaped seve-
ral feet in tho air, inxl then tell heavily, a Iifeles.s bleed-
ing corpse, acrosB tlic eollln.
M<imwhile Iho pur=niit of tlio fugitiye was contiuueil,
but bv tiie warrior of tho rieur do lis alone. Aware of
thirir inellicieiioy to keep pace witli this singular being,
bis coin|wnions had relinquished the chase, ami n.>w
stood resting on the brow of the hill where the wrelehed
Jl.illiiway had first reeiv^niisid his supposed deliverer,
watching engcrly, Ihougli williin musket shot of the
detacluuen", the result of a raco on which so much
apparently depended. Neither party, however, attempted
to intiTleri! with tlie other, liir all eyes were now turned
ou the Hying man and his pursuer with un interiwt that
denoted llio exlraor<linary eiVorts of Uio one to (ivade and
the oilier to attain tlie aeomipbsliincnt of bis object,
'riio immediato counio taken was in a direct lino for the
ravine, which it cvidi^nlly was the object of Iho fugitive
to clear at iUi near<:.sl |viinL Already had ho approached
\\ ithin a few pMcs of its brink, and every eye was fas-
t( ned on the jxiint where it was exin'cled tiie doubtful
leap woulil Ik' taken, whim suddenly, as if despairing to
iieeoinplish it at a Isiund, he turned to the left, aiitl wind-
ing along its bank, nnewirl his ciVorts in tlie ilireclioti of
the bridge. 'I'liis moTciuent oeeasioned a change in the
(losilion of the parti< s, whi(.b wiLs favouraMo to the pur-
Kind. Hitherto they had been so immediately on a line
with each other, it was impossible for the detaehmrnt to
bring a musket to bvar u|kiii tho warrior, without en-
dangering him whoso life tliiy were anxious to preserve.
l''or a moment or two bis Iswiy wan fairly ex|M)sed, and a
do»'ii inusket'i were diiebajged at intervals from the
Nipiare, but all witliuiit suciess. I{eeii»eriug his lost
ground, he Hn<in brought IIk ursiled again in a line he-
tvvi'i 11 himself and ictaclimi'nt, eilging rapidly nearer
to him as he advaneid, and niti'ring lerrilie yells, that
were echoed luick from his eonipanions on the brow of
the hill. It was evideni, however, bis objnt was the re-
capture, not the ch'striieliiiii, of the Hying man, for more
than once did he brandish bis nirn.iiing tomahawk in
rapid sweeps aroniul his head, as if preparing to dart it,
and as ofti n did bo cheek the movement. The secne at
each sneeeeding moment became more critical and in-
trnselv in(eri'?liiig. '/'ho slieiiglh cd' the pursued was
now iVarly exiuiusli d, while that of his forniidalile enemy
Heeined to sullir no diinimilion. Leap arter leap he took
with lliirfiil superiorlly, sidiling as he ailvaneed. Al-
ready hail hi? cloKcil n|ioii his vieiiin, while w illi a sprlng-
iiig ell'ort a large and bony hand was extiniled to Kceiire
his shouhler in bis gra-.p. 'I'be ell'ort was fatal to
him: li>r in rcaehing too liir he lost Ins halanie, and fill
heavily u|Min the .-tvaid. A shunt of exullalioii hurst
fioin the I'nKlisli IriMips, and nimieroiis vnlees now eii-
I'oiir.iged the pursued to renew his exertions. The ad-
vii'o was not lost; ami althongli only a lew sieonds had
elapsed belwi'iii the fall and reeovi ry of his pursuer, the
wri'libril fugitive had already greatly inereaiid the dis-
luliei' (bat separated them. A cry of siv.ige rage and
diiiap|Hiiiilnii 111 burst from the lips of Ihn (>luniiliu war
rinr; and concrntratiug all liis reinninliig sticnglh and
speed into one final ell'ort, he bounded and leapt like a deer
of the forest wlienci? be came. The opportunity for re-
e iptiire, however, liad been lost in his fall, for already
the pursued was within a few feet of the high road, and
on the point of turning the extremity of the bridge. One
only resource was now lell : the warrior suiUlenly checked
himself in his course, and remained stationary ; then
raising and dropping bis glittering weapon several times
in a balancing imsition, he waited until the pursued bad
gained the highest point of the open bridge. At that
moment the glittering steel, aimed with singiilar'accuracy
and precision, ran whislliiig through the air, and with
such velocity of movement as to be almost invisible to
the eyes of those who attem|ited to follow it in its threat-
ening course. All e.\|)ected to see it enter into the brain
:igainst wliicli it bad lieen directed; but the fugitive had
marked the movement in tiine to save himself by .stooping
low to the earth, while the weapon, passing over him, en-
tered wilh a ileadly and crashing sound into the brain of
the weltering corpse. This danger passed, he sprang
laiee more to his feet, nor paused again in his tlight until,
faint and exhausted, be sank without motion under the
very hayoni Is of the firing party.
A new direction was now given to the interest of the
assembled and ilistinet crowds that had witnessed these
startling incidents. .Scarcely had the wretched man
gained the protection of the soUlicry, when a shriek di-
vided the air, so wild, so piercing, and so unearthly, that
even the warrior of tlie Fleiir de lis Bceiiuxl to lose sight
of his victim, in the harrowing interest jiroduccd by that
dreadful scream. All turned their eyes for a moment in
the quarter whence it proeeededj when presently, I'rom
behind the groups of Canadians crowning the slope, was
seen Hying, with the rapidity of thought, one who roseiii-
l.led rather a sptu'.Ire than a being of cartJi; — it was the
wife of Halloway. Her long fair hair was wild and
streaming — her Itct, and legs, and arms were naked —
and one solitary and scanty garment dispKiyed rather
than concealed the symmetry of her delicate person.
She flew to the fatal bridge, threw heiself on the iMidy of
her bleeding hiisliaiid, and imiirinting her warm kisses on
his bloody lips, for a moinent or two presented the image
of one whose reason baa tied for ever. Suddenly slie
started fr.im the earth ; her face, her hand;;, and her gar-
ment so saturated with the blood of her husband, that a
feeling of horror crept throughout the veins of all who
bcjield her. She stood upon the eollln, and across the
corp.se — raised her (yes and hands inipbiringly to Heaven
and thin, in uceenls wilder even than her words, ut-
tered an imprecation that sounded like tlio prophetic
warning of some unholy spirit.
" Inhtmian murderer!" she exelalmrd, in tones that
almost paralysdl the ears on which it fell, " if there lie a
(ioil of justice and of truth, he will avenge this devilish
deed. Ves, Colonel rio llalclimar, a prophetic voice
whispers to my soul, thai even as I have seen perish Im-
fore my eyes all I loved nil earth, without mercy and
without hope, so even slinll you witness the de-ifruetion
of your acenr.>-ed race. Hen — here — here," ami she
pointed downwards, wilh singular energy of action, to
the corpse of her hushand, " here shall their blood How
fill every vislige of his own is washed away , and oh, if
lliere he spared one branch of thy detested family, inay
it ho only that they may Ih' rcsirved for some death
too horrible to beeone, ived I"
Overcome by the frantic I'lurgy with which she had
uttered these appalling words, she sank Imekwards, and
fell, uttering aiiolher shriek, into the arms of the warrior
of the I'li'ur lie lis, who bore oH his pri/e in triumph, and
Med, witlmearly (he s:inie i\|H(lition he had previously
iiiaiiil'esled, in the direclion of the fiin si, iH'fore any m\f
could recover siillieieiitly from the etl'e<( of the scene
to think even of interfering.
(T!.\rii;ii XI.
It wan on llin evening of that day, so fwrlile in melan-
choly iiieidenl.to ttbielilhe previous pages have been de-
voted, that the drawbridge of Hetroit was, tiir (lie third
t ime since I he InveHlminl of the garrison, lowered; not, as
previously, wilh a disregard of the inl limit ion that iiilght
lie given to those without by the Millen and eeliomg rattle
of its poniliiroiis chains, but with a eaudoii ailcsting
how niiieli secrecy of purpose was Hoiight to lie preservoil.
There wa", however, no array ofnimed men within the
walls, that denoted an ex|Hiililiuii of n liimtilo eh'arai ter.
Overi'oine with the harassing diitioi of the day, the
chief |Hirlloii of the Insips had retired to ret.!, and a few
groups of (be giiaid alinio were (o he seen walking up
and down in (ioii( of (heir post, apparently with a view
to ehtck the iiitliicncn of inidnight ilrowslnnss, but, in
reality, to witness tho result of certain prcparutionj
going on by torchlight in tho centre of tlio barrack
square.
In the midst of an anxious group of nnicers,com|i(i|i.
ing nearly all of that rank within tho fort, stood in,
individuals, attired in a costume having nothing iacom.
inon with tlic gay and martial habiliments of the Ibrmrr.
They were tall, handsome young men, whoso natite
elegance of carriage was but imperfectly hidden undtr
in equipment evidently adopted for, and otherwise rnily
inswering, the pur|iosc of disguise. A blue cottoa ulirji
jacket, closely fitting to tho person, trowsers of the name
material, a pair of strong deer-skin moccasins, and j
co!outcd handkerchief tied loosely round tho collar of'i
checked shirt, the whole surmounted by a rough Iilankrt
coat, formed the principal portion of their garb. Kacli
moreover, wore a false ij\nue of about nine inches in
length, the efl'ect of which was completely to rlianro
Iho cliaracler of tbc countenance, and lend to the fcj.
tures a Caiiadian-bkc expression. A red worsted cap,
icsenililing a hmmet tie nui/, was thrown cari;|p»»|i
over the side of the head, which could, at any uioaiciii,
when deeper ilisguiso should be deemed necessary, ccm.
maud the additional protection of the rude hood tlmt k\\
back upon the shoulders from the collar of the coat lo
wbieli it was attached. Into a broad belt, that cncirrlnl
the jacket of each, were thrust a brace of pistols anil a
strong dagger ; the w liolo co dis|ioscd, however, an lo be
invisiblu when tbc outer garment was closed; thin,
again, was confined by a rude sash af worsted of differ.
ent colours, not unlike, in texture and quality, what is
worn by our scrgcant.s at the present day. They were
otherwise armed, however, and in a less secret manner.
.Vcross tho right shoulder of each was thrown a licit of I
worsted also, to which were attached a rude pnwiltr
horn and shot pouch, with a few straggling ballclv
placed there as if rather by accident than design. Eacli j
held carelessly in his left hand, nnd with its butt ml.
ing on (he eardi, a long gun ; completing an appearance,
the altalninent of which had, in all probability, bcea
sedulously sought, — that of a Canadian duck-hunlcr.
A metamorphosis so ludicrously operated in Ibc I
usually elegant costunio of two young Knglish oinccn,
— lor such they were. — might have been exiiecledlo
afford sco|Ki to the pleasantry of their companions, end
lo call forth those sallies which the intiinary of fricnil.
ship and the fteemusonry of tho profession would liato
fully justified. Uut (be events that had occurred ia such
rapid succession, since tho preceding midnight, were I
still painfully impressed on Iho recollection of nil, and]
some there were who looked as if they never would
smile again; neither laugh nor jeering, thoreforn, c».
ca|ied the lips of one of the surrounding group. Kvcrv
couiitenaneo wore a cast of thought,— » charnclcr of
abstraction, ill suited to tho indulgence of levity; and
the little eonversatinn that patsnd between them was In
a low and serious tone. It was evident some powerful
and absorbing dread existed in tho mind of cacli, iadut
ing him rather to indulge in communion with liisuwn
thoughts and impressions, than to cummunicate them lo
others. Kvcn the governor himself had, for n monieiil, I
put oH'his usual distance, to asNumo an air of nnl()l|rned [
eoneerii, and it might be dejection, contrasting strniijly
with Ills habitual haughtiness. Hitherto ho had been
walking (o and fro, a litlle apart fVoin the group, and
with a burrledncss and indecision of movement lliit [
tst rayed (o all the extreme agitation of his mind. Koi
once, however, ho ap|ioaicd to bo, if not ininnsibl* lo I
iilwirvatiiin, iiidifVerenI to whatever comments might In [
liirmed or expressed by those who witnessed hlsomolion. I
I le was at length iiiterrupled by the adjutant, who roin f
niunicaled something in a low voice.
" I,e( him be brought up, Mr. I.awton," was the replr.
Then advancing iiilo thli heart of tho group, and id- 1
(itessing the two adventurers, he enquired, In a tour tliil I
startled lioiii its singular mildness, " if (hey werep-r
vided with every (liing they required."
An aHiiin.ilive reply was given, when the gnvrrnof, I
taking (he taller of lb" young men aside, eiiiiverml |
with riiiii earnestly, and in a tone of afl'ccliiin siroiijelvl
lileiiiled uitli ileH|HiMilcney. The interview, hmvevrr, T
was short, for !Mr. Iiawsou now made his appi'iiniiire.l
eniidui ling an individual who has nirnady licen iiilr» I
dm id (ooiir leaders. It was (ho Canadian of tlio H«iJ
i!e lis. The adjutant placed a small wuodnii cruciHii>l
the hands of the governor.
" l''tani;iii«,"»aid the latter, impressively, "you kno'l
the lerniii on nbieli I have eonHonted In spare your Id' I
Swear, llipii, by Ibis cross; that you will Im faltbliillol
yoiirlrusl; (bat tietlher treachery iinr rvasinii iliall 1*1
tl
practised ;
(inner, nil
nnlii"'
" I d.. <
kneeling a
rriicc on tl
I liliall eng
snal IIS I s
" .\incn,
(leal by J'"
mornovcsr,
al^n shall
wears apaci
lo tiw ynuii
•< C il bless
ful ! I fear
iipiken liarsi
ynu will no
"snni past."
The only
pressure.
Ilic Mceesaitj
nicii, liillowi
lessly over I
udlniis were
hands of tile
hurried grasp
ejcli that sp(
separation ha
" Stay one
party now mr
gallantly onoi
there is some!
ward man.
'i'lio last lips t
ceedcil, as the
strap of the pr
those of |ioor I
Tho menlioi
by the brave
startling efl'ect
lie struck his
faint groan, am
in an attitude
inliid. 'I'ho g(
sounds like tho;
Unbred at tho
of the cniiteon.
sorvod a dcop or
"It is times A
I tlaaadinn, "or n
wo can clear do
This iiitimati
I riicigles of the
coiniiiaiHliiig fig
In silence, and t
I low clone in the I
' You wiU iiof
I |iercd tlie voice ii
tlie last, and whc
vonturit closely i
how lunch dcpeii
torprise."
"When you bo
|lic wlHi smiles on
ir wo fail, there
Islull iicvor SCO yi
IliofH) fertile best.
Ill Is true; hut lo
|iii|;iiod a causo,-
In the next n
livlio, with light I
Isuiiif; thoir way t
leastern extremity
llieavy clinlns of I
|lli«iiar, In dospitr
|lii|;lt tu lis wunir
It liail at lirst I
llield In Ull angula
Tilluilod III in out
klunco of rocogni
liive Inl them int<
M'llin outlying pt
(irtHvl Hroinid tlio f!
■ifil liir the nior
hilline. Through
Iheirwny, and wil
llioir prouress. T
^iii;'»inr« irtlred
p'noted the e.f lalci
rtttin prcparatioM
Iro of llio bntratk
jf office" rs,comiiti(.
Ill) fort, ctood iwg
ing notliing in com.
nentsof lliefornifT.
men, whose native
fcctly hidden undtr
and otherwise I'nlly
A l>lue cotinn nlir'u
rowRCru of the Mine
n moccasins, and a
■ound the collar of 1
1 by a roiigli blnnkii
fllicirgurb. F.ach,
bout nine inches in
Dinpletcly to elunpe
iihI lend to the fci.
A red worsted cap,
i thrown carelcsjly
luld, at any niomcm,
lined ni!CC8Siiry,ccm.
le rude hood that fdl
collar of the coat to
id belt, that cncirclnl
race of pistols atij a
icd, however, ns lo be
it was closed ; thin,
•f worsted of differ.
and quality, what is
>nt day. They wete
a less secret manner,
was thrown a licit of
ichcd a rude powdrr
t strag([ling bulldi.
It than design. Each
id with its butt rest.
ileting on appcnrancf,
all probobility, been
ladiun duck-hunlcr.
isly operated in the
oung Knylisli olKccn,
lavo been exjiectedlo
Ihcir companions, ami
lie intimnry of frienJ.
profession would liaio
I hud occurred in such I
sding midnight, were I
eciiliection of nil, and]
if they never would
jeering, Ihoreforc, c».
iniliiig group. Kvery
light, — a charnctcr ol
llgcncc of levily ; and
[between them wa» in
vidont some powerful
mind of each, iiidut-
inunion with his own
:ommunicatc thciii to
Jf had, for a inonionl,
[o nn air of unliiigntd
, eontroRting strnii^ly
llthorto ho had been
iflrom the group, and I
111 of movement lliil |
111 of his mind. Kui
if not insensible lo I
coninionis might be [
itnrssedhisomolion. '
adjutant, who coin. I
nou,"w««lii»rfplr.|
I tlio group, iind n!.
luired, in n iom llui I
" if they were |iro. I
Iwlien the gnvcrnoi,
lien aside, ( onvcmil I
' nfleetinii Blroiipljl
linlorview, liciwnfi.l
Vide his np|M'anii«»,f
J nlrondy licen iiilrf I
Inndiiin of the V\t«i\
|l wiioden criicirii u
Issively, " you knot
\\ to spare your lif'
I will Im faitlil'""*
lor evasion •I'l'l 1*1
WACOrSTA, OR THE PUOPIIECY.
227
ricllsed; and '!"'' >'"" "'"' *" "'" utmost of your
'' .,.' aid in conveying these gentlemen to their dosti-
imUiii. Kneel .lud swear it."
"1 di) swear it!" fervently rcjicated the .lubergiste,
knecli"" »'"' 'n»l"''"t'"i? '•'' "l" *''''' '•«'•""<""? rovc-
|.,.iicc on the symbol of martyrdom. " I swear to do dal
1 KJiall engage, and may do bon Dicu have mercy to my
c„,il as I shall fulfil my oat."
„ Allien," pronounced tiio governor, "and may Heaven
di'al I'y y"" '"'®" *" y" ''™' ''y "''■ ^'^"^ '" ""'"''
moreover, that as your treachery will bo piiiiisiied, so
,|sn shall your fidelity he rewarded. Itul iho ninlil
wfirs apace, and yo liavo much to di>." Then turning
to Ihn young ofTieers who wore to be his companions, —
„ (I J iiless you both ; may your enterprise be success-
ful 1 I fear," ofToriiig his hand to the younger, '• I have
siiiken harshly to you, hut at a moment like the present
vou nill no longer cliorisli a rccullcction of the unplea-
saiil l«.st-" ,. , , , .
The only answer was a cordial return of Ins own
nresFiirs. I''" Canadian in his turn now announced
jlij iipnessity for instant dcparlure, when the young
men following his example, threw their long guns care-
lessly over the left shoulder. Low, rapid, and fervent
udlnns were uttered on both sides ; and although the
hands of the separating parlies met only in a short and
hurried grasp, there was an expression in the touch ul
cjcli that spoke to their several hearts long alXcr the
separation had actually taken place.
" Htay one moment !" e.\claimed a voice, as tho little
party now moved towards tho galo-way ; "ye arc both
gallantly enough provided without, hut have forgotten
there is soinething quite as necessary to sustain the in-
ward man. Duck sl.-oting, you know, is wet work.
'I'lio last lips that were moistcneed from this," ho pro-
ceeded, as the younger of the di.sguised men threw tho
strap of the proffered canteen over his shoulder, " were
lliose of imor Klloii llalloway."
The mention of that name, so heedlessly pronounced
by the brave hut inconsiderate Hrskine, produced a
startling effect on the taller of tho departing olViceis.
lie struck his brow violently with his hand, uttered a
I'aint groan, and bending his head upon his chest, stood
in an attitude v^rcssivo of the deep sutTuring of his
mind. The govoinor, too, appeared agitated: nnd
sounds like those of aupprcssc 1 sobs came from one who
lin||[crcd nt tho side '-.f him who had accepted the offer
uf the canteen. Tho remainder of the oHicors pre-
gt'rvod a deep end mournful silence.
"It ii times dat we should start," again observed the
Canadian, "or wo shall bo taken by de daylight belbru
wo can clear do river."
This intimation once inoro aroused the slumbering
I rncigies of the taller oflicer. Again he drew up liis
coiiiiiianding figure, extended his hand to the governor
ia silence, and turning abruptly round, hastened to lul-
I low clone in the footstops of his conductor.
" You will nut forget all I have said to you," wliis-
I jierod the voice of one who had reserved his patting for
tilt last, and who now hold the hand of the younger ad.
voiiturit closely clasped in his own. " Think, oh, think
liuw much dcpcndi un the uTont of your dangerous en-
terprise."
I " When you boliuld me again," was the reply, " It will
I be with smiles on my lip and gladness in my lioart ; for
I if wo fail, there is that within me, which whis|icrs I
iiilijll ncvr see you more. Dut keep up your spirits and
IliofH) fur the best. Wo embark under cheerless auspices,
lit is true; but lot us trust to I'rovidonuo for ruucuss In
Iki good a cause,— Ood bless you !"
la the next luinuto ho had joined his companions;
Iwlio, with light nnd noiseless trend, were already pur-
liuioK their way along Iho military road I hut led to tho
leastern extremity of the town? ^S<Km ullorwards, the
llieivy ciniins of tho drawbridge were heard grating on
lllie nar, in despite of tho evident caution used in restur
liii{;itlu its wonted |iositiun, and all again was still.
It had at llrst luM'n suggested their course should h«
Uield in an angular direction across tho riearcil ciumtry
Vlluiloil III in our last chapter, in order to nvoid all
[tliincc of recognition in the town; but as tins might
hire N them into more dangerous contact with suiue
kifllie outlying parlies of Indians, who were known ti
tirnvtl iirouiid the fort at night, this plan had been nliaii
led fur the more circuitous and safe passage by llin
KilliiKi'. Through this our little party now pursued
klieir way, and without encountering aught to ini|iodo
llii'ir |ii'o||ross. The simple niannornd inhahiituts had
•iiirs irtired lo lesl, and nrither light nor sound
klenolril the e.tislenee nf matt or beast within its pre
I'iiii'ls. At length they reached that part of the road
which turned elf abruptly in tho direttioii of the Flour
10 lis. The rude hut threw il,3 dark shadows across
Iheir path, but all was still nnd dealhlikoasintlie village
ilicy had just quitted. Presently, however, as they drew
nearer, tlicy beheld, reflected from one of tho upper win-
dows, a faint light that fell upon the ground immediately
in front of the aulierge ; nnd, at intervals, tho figure of a
liuniaii being approaching and receding from it as if in
the act of paling the apartment.
An iiislinetivc feeling of danger rose nt tho Fame mo-
ment to tho hearts of Iho young officers; and each,
obeying the same impulse, unfastened one of tho largo
horn buttons of his blanket coat, and thrust his right
hand into the opening.
'• Fran(,iii8, recollect your oath," hastily aspirated tho
!ldcr as lie grasped the hand of their conductor rather
11 suppllration than in threat ; " if there be aught to
harm us hire, your own life will most assuredly pay the
I'orli'il of your failli."
" It is nolliiiig hut a womans," calmly returned the
Canadian ; "it is my Dalietto who \h sorry at my loss.
Hut I shall come and tell you directly."
lie then stole gently round tho corner of tho hut,
leaving hiiJ anxious companions in the rear of the litlle
building, and completely veiled in the obscurity pro-
duced liy the mingling shadows of the lint itself, nnd a
lew tall |H.'ar trees that overhung the paling of the
orchard at some yards from the s|)oton which they stood.
They wailed somo minutes to hear the result of the
C'anndiun's admittance into his dwelling ; hut althoiigli
ach with suppressed breathing sought to catch those
sounds of welcome with whicli a daughter might be
sup|iosed to greet a parent so uncxpnctcilly restored, they
listened in vain. At length, however, while the ears of
both were on the rack to drink in tho tones of n human
oice, a taint seream floated on the hushed uir, and all
again was still.
"Ciooil I" whispered the elder of tho officers; "that
cream is sweeter to my oar than the softest accents of
woman's love. It is evident the ordinary tones of speecli
cannot Knd their way to us hero from the front of the
hut. The fuintness of yon cry, which was unquosliun-
ably that of a female, is a convincing proof of it."
" Hist !" urged his comiwuion, in tho same almost
inaudible wliis]icr, " what sound was that ?"
Iloth again listened attentively, when tho noi-so was
repeated. It came from the orchard, nnd reseiiihlcd the
sound produced by the faint crash of rotten sticks und
loaves under tho cautious but unavoidably rending tread
of a human foot. At Intervals it ceased, as if the per-
-un treading, alarmed at his own noise, was apprehensive
of betraying his approach ; and then recoinmenced, only
to Ihi checked in the sumo manner. Finally it ceased
ulliigether. For upwards of five minutes tho young
men continued to ILsten for a renewal of tho sound, hut
nothing was now audible, save tho short and fitful gusts
of a rising wind uinung tho trees of the orchard.
" It must have boeii sumo wild animal in learcli of its
prey," again whispered the younger officer ; " had it
lieen a man, wo should have heard him leap tlio paling
buliire this."
" Hy liuaven, wo are holruyod, — hero ho is," quickly
rejoined I ho otliur, in tho same low tone. " Keep close
lo the hut, and stand behind me. If my dagger liiil,
you must try your own. Dut fire not, on your life, un-
less Iheru liu more than two, liir tho rep<irt of a pistol
will lie the destruction of ourselves und all that aro dear
to us." Kach with upliflcd arm now stood foady to
"Irike, even while his heart throbbed with a sense ol
danger, that hud far more than the mere dioad of |H)r-
snnal sutroring or death to stimulato to exertion in self-
delcnco. Footsteps wero now distinctly hoard stealing
round that part of the hut which bordered on tho road;
uiul the young men turned from the orchard, to which
lhe,r Btlenlion lii.d previously been directed, towards
the new quarter whoiico they were intruded upon.
It was fortunate this mmlo of approach had been se-
leeted. That part of Iho hut which rested on tho rond
was so et|M>srd as to throw the outliiiu of objects into
strong relief, whereas in the direction of tho thickly
wooded errhnrd all was inijienotrthle gloom. Mad Iho
inlrnder stolon unannounced upon tho ninrmed but de-
lertniiied offieers by the latter route, tho dagger of the
first wnulil in all probability have been plunged to its
hilt ill his bosom. As it was, each had rutlleient pro-
soiice of mind to distinguish, oa it now doubled the
etnner ol tho hut, nnd rcpovod upon the road, Iho stout
sqiiare.'-et figure of the ('anadian. Tho daggers wore
inilanlly restored lo their ilieatlis, nnd each, for the
first time since the departure of their companion, re-
spired freely. "It is quite well," wliispere<l the Inllir
as he approached. "It was my poor Baliette, who
louglit I was gone to bo kill. She seroam so loud, as if
she had .seen my ghost. But wc must wait a I! \v
minute in dc hou.se, and you shall sec how glad my gill
is lo see me once again."
" Why this delay, Fran<;ois ? why not start directly : '
urged the taller ollicer; "we shall never clear the rivir
ill time ; and if the dawn catches us in the waters i>l'
the Detroit we aro lost for ever."
"Dut yon see I am not quite prepare yet," was the
answer. " 1 have many tings to get ready liir de cannc,
which I have not use tor a long times. Rut you slinll
not wait ten minute, if you do nut like. Uere is a goii'l
fire, and Ilabotte shall give you some ting to cut while i
get it all ready."
The young men hesitated. The delay of the Can.i-
dian, who had so repeatedly urged the necessity liir < -
jicdition whilVi in the f<>rt, had, to .say the least of it, .in
np|>earuiico of incongruity. Still it was evident, if cm.
|)osed to harm them he had full opporlniiity to du so
without much risk of effectual opjiosilion from tlxiiv
solves. I'nder all eireuinstances, therefore, it was :;i|-
visnhle rather to appear to confide iinplicilly in his Irnih,
than, by manifesting suspicion, to pique his selt'-luve,
and nenfralisn whatever liivoiiiable intuiitiuns ho inii;i!t
cherish in their behalf. In this mode of conduct tln'y
were confirmed, by a recollection of the sacreuncss i,*-
taithcd by Iho religion of their conductor to tho oath k.i
solemnly pledged un the symliol of tho cross, und by u
eoeivielioii of tho danger of observation to which tlnv
stooil exposed, if, as they had apprehended, it was :ii'.
tually a human footstep tliey had heard in the orchunl.
Tlii.s last recollection suggested n remark.
" We heard a strange sound within the orchard, whi'.i!
waiting here for your return," taid the taller ollicer; " it
was liki^ the footstep of a man treading cautiously ovrr
rotten haves and hranelics. How do you account fiir it ."
"Oh, it was my pik-," replied the Canadian, without
manifesting the slightest uneasiness nt the infurmuti. i.
" 'I'licy rim about in de orchard for de ujipleg what bluwM
ilown will de wind."
" It could not lie a ]>ig w'o heard," pursued his ques-
tioner ; " but another thing, Francois, liefore we consent
to enter the hut, — how will you uceount to your diiiigli-
ler for our presence ? and what suspicion may she net
form at seeing two armed strangers in company with you
nt this unseasonable hour I"
" I have tell her," replied tlif Canadian, " dat I have,
bring two friends, who go wid me in dc canoo to shoot
(U- iliieks liir two tree days. You know* sir, I go always
in de fiill to kill de ducks wid my IVieiids, und she will
not link it strange."
" You have managed well, my bravo fellow ; nnd now
we follou- you in confidence. Hut in the name of Heaven,
use nil |M>ssilile despatch, and if money will lend a spur
to your actions, you shall have plenty of it when our en-
terprise has been accomplished."
Our adventurers followed tlieir conductor In llie track
by which he had so recently rejoined them. As tlii^y
turned the eoriiur of the hut, the younger, who brought
up the rear, funeied he iigain heard a sound in tho direc-
tion of the orchard, resembling that of one lightly leap-
ing to thu ground. A gust of wind, however, iinssing
ra|iidly at tho moment through the dense foliage, led liini
to believe it might have been nrouuccd by the sullen fall
of (inr of the heavy fVuits it had iletaclied in its course,
rnwillin^ to excitu new ond unnccesHary sus)iieion in
his ciimpnnion, he confined tho circumstuncu to his own
breast, und fiiUowod into the hut.
After ascending a flight of nbntit a do7«n rude stepH,
they found theinselves in a small room, t\irnished willi
nn other ceiling tlian the sloping roof itself, and lighli il
hy un unwieldy iron lamp, placed un a heavy oak tabl ,
near tho only window with which tlio apartment \\\< i
provided. This latter had sullered much from the inliu-
I'lice of time and tcm)iust; und owing to the dillirulty m'
procuring glass in so remote a region, had liocn imtohitl
with slips of pa|N'r in various parts. The two corner ami
lower panes of thi^ Isittuiu sash were out ultngetlier, nnd
pinv shingles, sueh as are used even at the present dn \
liir covering the roofs of dwelling houses, hacl lieen fitful
into the Hi|uares, excluding air and light ut the eaiiie time.
The centre pane of lliis tier was, however, clear nnd IVeo
IVom flaw of every deseriptiun. OpiMiaile to tho window
blareil a cliMrflil wou<l fire, recently supplied with llirl ;
and nt one of thu inner corners nf the room was placed
a hiw uneurtnini'd bed, that exhibited liiarks of having
iH'cn lain in since it wns last made. On a chnit nt it*
)tf ■ ' '
1 ■ '-•
;h, .-' '
' ;■'■ -^
»■■■■•, '
- • 'i^ll<'
V ■'..!'
' • 'V«i
^- ■ li...
■•.Vi
^i ^'„<"
..'i?li-
«"
■■:in
.'{. ..'..;••
-:- K'.itCl
', "^^
■ V
i'
m
'tlJ
'^'^J^;
•If-
I";
228
WACpUSTA, OR THE PROPJIECY.
m.
'I
rf,
ff,*a;« ,., .ml
i)
side wore heaped a ibw dark-looking garments, tlic pre-
cise nature of wliicli were not distiiiguisliaulu at a cnr-
sory and distant glance.
Sueli wore the more rciiiarl^able P.aturcs of the apart-
ment into which our iKlvcnturers were now usIuTcd.
Both looked cautiously around on enterinj;, as if ex|K!Ct-
i\\g to find it tenanted tiy spirits as daring as tiieir own ;
hut, with tlie exception of the dnnjfliter of their conduc-
tor, whose moist black eyes I'xpressed, as much hy tears
us by smiles, the joy she felt at this unexpected return of
her parent, no living object met their eMipiiring glance.
The C'uuadian placed a couple of rush-boltonjed chairs
near titu fire, invited his companions to sc^at themselves
until he had completed his preparation it)r departure, and
then, desiring Babette to hasten supper for the young
hunters, quitted the room and descended the stairs.
CHAPTER XII.
The position of the younginen was one of embarrass-
ment ; for while the daughter, who was busiiul in execut-
ing the command of her father, remained in the room,
it was impossible they eould converse together without
hetraying the secret of their country, and, as a result of
this, the falsehood of the character under which they ap-
pearcd. Long residence in the country had, it is true,
rendered the patois of that class of [leople whom
they [Kusonated familiar to one, but the other Bi)oke only
the pure and native language of which it vvas a corru])-
tion. It might have occurreil to them at a cooler moment,
and imdrr less critical circumstances, that, even if their
disguise had been penetrated, it was unlikely a female,
in.inifeBting so much lively aftection tor her parent, would
have done aught to injure those with whom he had evi-
dently connected himself. But the importance attached
to their entire security fiom danger left them but little
foom for retleclions of a calming cliaracter, while a dcubt
of that security remained.
One singularity struck them botli. They had cxi)eeted
the young woman, urged by a natural curiosity, would
have conmiencecj a conversation, even if tliey did not ;
and he who spoke the patois was prepared to sustain it as
well as his anxious and overcharged spirit would enable
hiui ; and as he was aware the morning had furnished
sutficient incident of fearful interest, he had natuiolly
looked for a verbal re-enactment of the harrowing aiid
dreadful scene. To thiir surprise, however, they both
remarked that, far from evincing a desire to enter into
conversation, the young woman scarcely ever looked at
them, hut lingered constantly near the table, and facing
the window. Still, to avoid an appearance of singu'tuity
on their own parts, as far as [lossiblc, the elder of the oHi-
fcra motioned to his companion, who, following his cx-
Bin|)le, took a small pipe and some tobacco from a com-
;)artment in his shot pouch, and commenced puffing the
wreathing smoke from his lips, — an occupation, more
than any other, eecniing to justify their silence.
The elder otKccr sat with his back to the window, and
inuncdiately in front of the fire ; his companion, at a
corner of the rude hearth, and in such a manner that,
without turning his head, he could command every part
of the room at a glance. In the corner facing him stood
the lied already described. A faint ray of fire-light fell
on Home minute object glittering in the chair, the con-
tents of which were heaped up in disorder. Urged by
tliat wayward curiosity, which is Bomeliincs excited, even
under circumstances of the greatest danger and otlier-
wiso absorbing interest, the young man kicked the hick-
ory log that lay nearest to it with his inucbasined foot,
and produced a bright crackling flame, the reflection of
which was thrown entirely u|ioii the object of his gaze;
it was a large metal button, on wliicli the number of his
jugiment wan distinctly visible. I'uablu to cheek his de-
dire to know further, lie left his seal, to examine the con-
tenti of the chair. As he moved across the room, he
liineied lie ho:ird a light iioimd Ivom without; his com-
panion, also, seemed to manifest a similar impression by
an almost im|>erceptiblu slurl ; but the noise was so inn-
inentary, and »n fanciful, neither tell it worth Ills wliili
to pause u|Km the c ireumstanee. The young oflieer now
riiised the garmenlH from the chair i thry coiisislj'd of a
siiiiill grey groat-eoal, and Irowsers, a waisleoat of coarse
white cloth, n pair of worsted stockings, and the hulf-
Imots of a hoy; Ihu whole forming the ilruiii-hoy'seipiip-
irieiit worn by the wretched wife of Halloway when
borne sruselnss into tho hut on that fatal morning. Hasti-
ly iiuitting n dress that called up so muny dreadtiil recol-
lections, and turiiiiig to his enmpiinioii with a look that
denoted apprehension, lett liu too should have iH'held
these melaiieliiily remuinbraiice* of the harrowing scene,
♦lip j'oung ottU'cr Imsteijod to ro«uiiio liia ieat, In the
act of so doing, his eye fell u|>on the window, at which
the female still lingered. Hail a blast from Heaven struck
his siitht, the terror of his soul could not have been greater.
He felt his cheek to pale, and his hair to bristle beneath
his cap, while the checked blood crept slowly and coldly,
as if its very function had been paralysed; still he had
jiresencc of mind sufficient not to liilter in his step, or to
betray, by any ('Extraordinary movement, that his 'eye had
rested on any thing hateful to behold.
His compunion had emptied his lirsl pi|ic, and was in
the act of relilling it, when he resumed his scat. Ho was
evidently impatient at the delay of tho Canadian, and
already were his lips ready to give utterance to his dis-
appointment, when he felt his loot signilicantly pressed
by that of his friend. An instinctive scn.se of something
fearful that was to ensue, hut still demanding caution on
his part, prevented him trom turning hastily round to
know the cause. Satisfied, however, there was danger,
though not of an instantaneous character, ho put his
pipe gently by, and stealing his hand under his c at,
again grasped the hilt of his dagger. At length he
slowly and partially turned his head, while his eyes en-
quiringly demanded of his friend the cause of this alarm.
Partly to aid in coneealing his increasing paleness, and
partly with a view to render it a medium for the convey,
anee of subdued sound, the hand of the latter was raised
to his face in such a manner that the motion of his lips
could nut bo distinguished from behind.
" We are betrayed," Ire scarcely breathed. " If you
can command yourself, turn and look at tl.e window ;
but for God's sake arm yourself with resolution, or look
not at all : first draw tlie hood over your head, and without
any ap;(earaiice of design. Our only clionce of safety
lies in this, — that the Canadian may still be true, and
tliat our disguise may not be penetrated."
In despite of his native courage, — and this had often
been put to honourable proof, — he, thus iiiysteriou.sly ad-
dressed, felt his heart to tiirob violently. There was
something so appalled in tho countenance of his friend —
something so alarming in the very caution he had re-
commended — that a vague dread of the horrible reality
rushed at once to his ijind, and for a moment his own
cheek became ashy pale, and his breathing painfully
oppressed. It was the natural weakness of the physical
man, over which the moral faculties, had, for an instimt,lo8l
their directing power. Speedily recovering himself, the
young man prepared to encounter the alarming object
which had already so greatly intimidated his friend.
Carefully drawing the blanket hood over his head, he
rose from his seat, and, witli the energetic movement of
one who has tbrnicd sonic desperatu determinaticn,
turned his back to the fire-place, and threw his eyes
rapidly and eagerly upon the window. They fell only
on the rude jiatehwork of which it was principally com-
posed. 'I'he fi'inale had quitted the room.
" You must liavc been deceived," he whispered, keep,
ing his eye still bent upon the window, and with so iin-
|K'rceptible a movement of the lips that sound alone
could have betrayed he was sjiealting, — •" I see nothing
to justify your alarm. Look again."
riic young! r officer once more directed his glance to-
wards the window, und with a shuddering of the whole
[s'rson, an he recollected what had met his eye when he
I ,st looked upon it, " It is no longer there, indeed," !ie
returned in the same scarcely audible tone. " Yet I
touhl not be mistaken ; it was between those two corner
squares of wood in the hiwer sash."
" Perhaps it was merely a reflection produced by the
lamp on the centre pane," rejoined his friend, still keep-
ing his lye riveted on the suspicious point. " Impossi-
ble! hut I will examine the window from tho spot on
which I stood when I first beheld it."
Again he (|uitted his seat, and carelessly crossed the
room. As he returned he threw his glance upon the
pane, when, to his inlinite horror and surprise, the eame
li-ightl\il vision presented ilself,
"(lod of heaven!" he exclaimed aloud, and unable
longer to check the rhullition of his feelings, — " what
means this? — h.< my bruin turned? and am I the sport
of my own delusive fiincy — Poyoii not sec it now?"
No aiiDWei was returned. His friend stood mute anil
motionless, with his left hand grasping his gun, und his
right thrust into llie waist of his coal. His" eye ijrew
upon the window, onil his ehisl heaved, and Ins check
juiled and flushud alternately with the subdued emnlioii
of his li.'uj-t, A human face » placed clomi to tiie un-
blemished glass, and every li'iitiii i^as distinctly revealed
by the lamp that still lay iqwii the table. The glaring
eye was lixed on the taller of the olllcers ; hut though the
Kxpreasioii was unfuthnnuibly guileful, there was nothing
thtit denoted miy thing like n recognition of the jiarty '
The brightness of the wood fire had so far subsided atto
throw tlie interior of tlie room into partial obsctiritv, sfj
under the disgiuFC of his hood it was inqwssibic lurm,,
without to distinguish the features of the taller oHicf
The younger, w ho was scarcely an object of atltnii,,!,
passed comparatively unnoticid.
Fatigued and dimmed with the long and eager Icnsinn
of its nerves, the eye of the latter now U'gaii to fail (ijm
For a moment he closed it ; and when again it fell up,,,,
the window; it encountered nothing but the clear ar,.;
glittering pane. For upwards of u minute he and liij
friend still continued to rivet their gaze, but the fjct wj,
no longer visible.
Why is it that what is called the " human face divine"
is sometimes gifted with a power to paralyse, that ilic
most loathsome reptile in the creation cannot attain'
Had u coUgar of the Ainericaii i'orest, roaring for prey
ap|iearcd at' hat wiu4ow^MJM||M|t the fragile U'r!
rier, and fastei\ .iUf^lJMPBWWW^^tts, its presencp
would not haTd'^l'UcB such sickness to the soul of oiir
adventurers as did that human liice. It is, that nun
naturally fierce and inexorable, is alone the ciieinv of Ms
own species. The solution of this problem — thisglnrimj
paradox in nature, we leave to profoundcr philosoplun
to resolve. Sufficient for us be it to know, and to ie.
plore that it is so.
Footsteps were now heard upon the stairs; and dif
officers, aroused to a full sense or their dangei, lia>lili
and silently prepared themselves for the encomitri.
" Drop a bullet into your gun," whispered the elder
setting the example liimself. " We may be obliirod trl
have recourse to it at last. Yet make no show of lios.
tility unless circmnBtances satisfy us wo are betrayed;
then, indeed, all that remains for us will Ik; to sell our
lives as dearly as wc can. Hist ! he is here."
'I'he door opened ! and at the entrance, which m
already filled up in tho imaginations of the young men
with a terrible and alarming figure, appeared one wliost
return had been anxiously and long desired. It wan
relief, indeed, to their gallant but excited hearts to bilioM
another than the form they had expected ; and ollhoiigh,
lor the moment, they knew not whellicr the Canndbn
came in hostility or in friendship, each quitted the iilli-
tude of caution into which he had tfirown hiuixelf, .md
met him midway in his passage through the moni.
There was nothing in the expression of his naliirtIK
open and good-humoured countenance to dei iMe he wa
at all aware of tho causes for alarm that had operalidl
so powerfully on themselves. He unnounecd will
frank look and unfaltering voice every thing «a„
readiness for their de|>arture.
The officers licsit.ited ; and the t; llcr fixed liia cynl
upon those of mine host, as if his gaze would have pini
trated to the innermost recesses of his heart. Could llii.>|
lie a refinement of his treachery ? and was he really if
iiorant of the existence of the danger which tlirealinfdl
them ? Was it not more probable his object was to diMrinl
their fears, tliot they might bo given un(irepared Dnil,|
therefoic, unresisting victims to the I'erocily of llitirl
enemies? Aware as he wa.", that they were both mil
provided with arms, and fully determined to use Ihinl
with effect, might not his i.iin be to decoy them to de-
struction without, lest the blood spilt under his rool'Jil
tlie desperation of their defence, should hereafter allntl
against him, and expose him to the punishment litl
would so richly merit ? Distracted by these double, Ittl
young men scarcely knew what to think or Imw totdl
and anxious as they had previously been to quit the luitr
they now considered the moment of their dciiig bo \voiJ<|
Ix) that of their destruction. The importance of ll»l
enterprise on which they were embarked was such aiiil
sink all personal consideratiouB. If they lind fell llnl
influence of intimidation on their spirits, it arose Iml
from any apprehension of consequences to IhciiiMiwI
thon fVoiii tliB recollection of the dearer interests involiti|
ill their |M'rftel security from discovery.
" Kran(;oiB," feelingly urged thc! taller officer, npal
adverting to his vow, "you recollect the oath youBoliriiAl
(iledged ii|Hin the crosH of your Saviour. Tell iiie, Ihul
as you hope for mercy, liavo you taken that oath nnkl
that you might the more secuiely iMitray us toniinnil
lilies I What eoniiectinn have you with tlicni nt thi«n»|
ment I and who is lie who stood looking through til
window not ten minutes since ?"
" As I shall hopo ll>r mercy in my (iod," rxclii
the Canadian with unfeigned astonishment, " I hnvtr
SCO nolnHly. • Hut whot for do you link so I It is i
just. I have given my out to serve vou, and I
do it."
Thvru won candour both in the tone and coimtcm"
of the man as
halfin jiistilic
"Vou must
the present,"
Francois, you
nith the persoi
he made his a^
'I'he Caiiadia
.ind scorned to
ahsciit. He tlit
advdnecd to th
firing his com
lldii.sly and I'ol
noiseless step te
old of the dooi
light mast and s
burden lie divide
lie carcl'ully ball
his own ; and, \\
opjmrlunity of b
hastily sliirted
further cxtreinit
heavens were obi
by the wind, dur
venturers anxioi
they were piirsui
lined the road, ai
llic beach, howci
jeiiglli tliej gainf
It was the t ital b
were yet so painfi
"Stop one mi
llirowing his sack
lesser river ; " my
do bridge. I shall
ioi the olficers to
bridge, he tiiuvcd
in the ;l,^ik sliadoi
'I'he extremities
the little river in
Hissiige along tlie
lion of the arch. ]
conductor, the offl
and with their bai
curvature of the I
I pass lietivecn thei
aivailcil the arrival
'depended. We sin
iiiers on finding tl
nijflit, iiniiiedialeh
lineiiiorablc hy the"
The terrible pursuit
nohlier, the curse ni
Jalroie all, the foreib
lof that unhappy wi
lieemed lo have ideiit
Itliey stood menaced
jtlie mind, and excite
Juith n sentiim ,.1 noi
jlo whisper forth his
jinvnltc the presence
|in the harrowing am
"Did you not heni
tiller, as he leaned hi
sand, to catch i
Bnand.
" I did ; there agai
Imlikr the step of or
fiisv be some wild Ih'
We must not b(
^nmpanioii. " If it
onscioiisiiesH of our
110 harm iii scttii:
paling from his lurk
Into the open sands,
Viiiles gained tlie ex
Wow ofsonielhiiig
li"«-Koiind like that i
i< C'tzo yet lingered (
1',' lo give it a cliarac
[wnired ii, passed „k
N disclosed the a|i|:
I'i'iiig up from the en
Mood mid brains ol
^i'l< nnil tiiiiit at Ihi
"'I'll his elbow on the
llii' hridge, and, |,.a
hnenl, forgot the risi
Wi'ii«eness of (I,,, „„
prUnd imagination
'"ill lie ilood, wlicn
WACOflSTA, <)K TIIK PROPIiECY.
229
r Mibsiiii'il atto
l1 obBCurity, tiid
ipossil)!!' liir iiiv
hu lallcr <,fln,,
cct of attiiiiiuii^
nil eager Icnsiin
I'gan to fail him.
ighin it fill uiKiii
ut the ekar v,i
iiiute lie ami |,ij
, bvit the f:ioe mjj
man face ilivinr,"
paralyse, that llie
n eaiinol attain'
roaring for frrv,
?lhc fragili' kr-
Us, its presence
to the soul of rait
It in, thai man,
e the enemy of Ms
)lem — thisglnricnj
iniler philosoplKn
I know, and tod.
he Btairs ; and ilic
I'ir dangc;, liusiily
for the encomitfi,
hispcrcd the elder,
may he nhliged h
lie no show of hoi.
9 wc are hi'trayed;
I will lie to sell 001 |
is here."
ntraiice, which wis
s of the yonnj! mm
appcuri'd one \vlin«
^ desired. It was 1 1
:ited hearts to klicM |
ected ; and nlthoiigli,
lictlier the I'anndijB
:ach quitted the alti. '
thrown hiniiielf, and
through the rnoin.
lion of his naturJlv
ice to del 'itc he was I
n that had o|«Talt(l|
announced «il'
every thing wa-
t- Her fixed his cyti
i/.e would have pini.
lis lieiirt. Coiilil lliii
ind was he really is-
er which throatintil
object was to ilisara
en unprepared ral,
.he ferocity of tliiii
they were both wil
■nnuied to ute tlicm
ito decoy them to de.
ilt under his roof, in
liould hereiiOer ollnl
(he pnnishnienl lii
by these doubts, lb
Ithmk or howtotcl;
been to qint the li»'|
their di ing »o wouli
|e importance of tki
larked was Riich 01 II
If Ihey hnd fill ll»'
spirits, it i>f«"' '".
ienees to thciiiMml
irer interests iiivolid
cry.
tuller officer, npu
;he oath you solemni!
Hour. Tell nie, H
taken that "«ll""''?
JlHilrny us toi'""*!
Ivilh llieui at this m
looking Ihroiiuli l'
Ly (!od," rxcl«i»
Ishnient, "lliuit'
link so I ll »'
ve you, nud 1
t,ne iind coimlm"
.. jiiu ,,,,,11 as he uttered these words, half iu reproach,
half in iustiliea''"" ; and the oHieers no longer doubted.
>' You must forgive our suspicii^ns at a moment like
the present," sooUiingly observed the younger; "yet,
Francois, your daughter saw and exchanged signals
villi I lie lierson we mean. She lell the room soon alter
he mode his Bp|)cariince. What has become of her ?"
The Canadian gave a sudden start, looked hastily round,
nnd seemed to perceive for the first time the girl was
absent. He tlien put a finger to his lip to enjoin silence,
udvanccd to the table, and extinguished the light. Uc-
siring his com|)anions, in a low whisiier, to tread cau-
tiously and follow, he now led the way with ahnost
noiseless step to the entrance of the hut. At the thresh-
old of the door were placed a large well-filled sack, a
light mast and sail, and half a dozen paddles. The latter
burden lie divided between the officers, on whose shoulders
lie carefully balanced tliera. The sack lie threw across
his own ; and, without expressing even -n regret that an
nniMirtunity of bidding adieu to his child was denied him,
hastily sliirtcd the paling of the orchard until, at the
further extremity, he had gained the high road. The
heavens were obscured by pussing clouds driven rapidly
b" the wind, during tl«» short pauses of which our ud-
venturers anxiously and frequently turned to listen if
ihev were pursued. Save the rustling of the trees tliat
lined the road, and the slight dashing of the waters on
tlie beach, however, no sound was distinguishable. At
length the) gained the point whence they were to start.
It was the t ital bridge, the c%'ent8 connected with which
were yet so painfully iiresh in their recollection.
" Stop one minutes nere," whisiicred the Canadian,
ihrowiiig his saik upon the sand near the mouth of the
les.ser river ; " my canoe is chain about twenty yards up
dc bridge. I shall come to you directly." Then caution-
in" the olficers to keep themselves concealed under the
br^ilL'c, he •.nuved hastily under the arch, and disappeared
in the rl.'ik shadow which it threw across the rivulet
The extremities of the bridge rested on the hanks of
the little river in such n manner as to leave a narrow
lOTsage along the sands immediately under the declina-
liou of the arch. In accordance with the caution of their
conductor, the officers hod |ilaced themselves under it;
and with their backs slightly bent forward to meet the
curvature of the bridge, so that no ray of light eoulil
pas.i Ivtwecn their bodies and the fabric itself, now
awaited the arrival of the vessel on which their only hope
depended. We shall not attempt to describe their feel-
iiifs on finding themselves, ut that lona hour of the
niclil, iMiiiiediaCely under a spot rendered fearfully
ineiiioralde by the tragic occurrences of tho morning.
The terrible pursuit of the fugitive, the execution of the
nolilier, tlie curse and prophecy of his maniac wife, and,
loboic all, the forcible aUluction and threatened espousal
ot' that unhappy woman by the formidable being who
M'eiiud to have lileiitificd himself with thcevilswith i^hich
lliey stoml menaced, — all rushed with rapid tracery on
tlie'iniiid, and excited the imagination, until each, filled
kith a seutiiiit..! not uiinllied to su|)erstitious awe, feared
to wliis|)er forth his thoughts, lest in so doing he should
invoke the presence of those who had princi|Nilly figured
jin the harroBinij and revolting scene.
"Did ymi not hear a noise '." at length whispered the
'liler, as he leaned himself forward, and lient his head to
le sand, to catch more dislinctly a re|>etilion of the
iiniild.
I did i there again ! It is U|Km the bridge, and not
linlike the step of one endeavouring to tread lightly. It
liiay be some wild Ih'OsI, however."
"We inuxt not Ixi Uikeu by surprise," returned his
nnpanion. " If it l)c a man, the wary tread indicates
insciouHiiess of our presence. If an aninul, there can
no liarin in setting our fears at rest." ('auliously
lltalitij from his lurking-place, the young officer emerged
Into the npin s.inds, and iu a few measured noiseless
lltiilen (.rained llie rxtreniily of the bridge. The dark
Imdow of siiniething upon its centre caught his eye, and
low sound like that ot ii dog lapping met his ear. While
Iis|;ii7,e yet lingered on the shapeh'ss niiject, rmleavour-
11',' to give it a cliiiraeter, the clouds which had so long
ured it pahsi d momentarily from heforo the moon,
|nd disilosiil the appalling trnlli. It was n wolf-dog
ippine up from the earth, in which they were encrusted,
hinnil nnd brains of the unfnrtunutt! Krank llalloway.
!<iik nud faint ut the disgusting sight, tho young man
iti d his i1Ih)\v on the railing that passed along the edge
tlie hriilirc, nnd, leaning his head on his hand for a
inmeiit, forgo! the risk of ex|iosure he incurred, in tin
itriix'iicfiH 111' the sorrow that Rssnilcd his soul. His
"I «nd iuiiiginntion were already far fVotn the spot on
tbicli he tlond, when he felt an iron Imnd upon his
shoulder. He turneil, shuilderit:g with an iiibtinclive
knowledge of his yet unseen visitant, and lieheld standing
over him the terrible warrior of the Fleur de lis.
Ha, ha, ha 1" laughed the savage, in a low triumphant
tone, " the place of our meeting is well timed, though
somewhat singular, it must be eoiitessed. Nay," he
fiercely udduil, grasping as iu a vice the arm that was
already lilled to strike him, " force me not to annihilate
you on the siiot. Ila I hear you tho cry of my wolf-dog?"
IS that animal now set up a low but fearful howl ; '• it
is for your blood he asks, but your hour is not yet come."
" No, by heaven, is it not 1" exc' iined a voice ; a
rapid and rushing sweep was heart' .lirougli the air for
an instant, and then a report like a ctimning blow. The
warrior released his gras|i — placed his hand upon his
tomahawk, but without strength to remove it Irom his
belt tottered a pace or two backwards — and then fell,
uttering a cry of mingled pain and disappointment, at
his length upon the earth. " Quick, quick to our cover !"
exclaimed tlie young olliccr, us a loud shout wus now
heard from the forest in reply to the yell of the fallen
warrior. " If Franijois eoiiio not, we arc lost: the
howl of that wolf-dog alone will betray us, even if his
master should be beyond all chance of recovery,"
Des|)crate diseases require desperate rem dies," was
the reply; " there is little glory in destroying a helpless
enemy, but the necessity is urgent, and we must leave
nothing to chance." As he spoke, he knelt upon the
huge form of the senselesM warrior, whose .sculping knife
he drew from its shealh, and striking a firm and steady
blow, quitted not the weapon until he felt his hand re-
posing on the chest of his enemy. The howl of the
wolf-dop, whose eyes glared like two burning coals
through the surrounding gloom, was now exehanged to
a fierce and snappish bark, lie made a leap ut the
officer while in the act of rising from the body ; but his
fangs fastened only in the chest of the shaggy coat,
which he wrung with the strength and fury characteris-
tic of his peculiar species. This new and ferocious
attack was fraught with danger little inferior to that
which they had just escaped, and rc<iuired the utmost
promptitude of action. The young man seized the brute
behind the neck in a firm and vigorous grasp, while he
stooped upon the motionless form over which this novel
struggle was liiuintained, and succeeded in making
himself once more master of the scalping knife. Half
choked by the hand that unflinchingly grappled with liiin,
the savage animal quitted his hold air> struggled violently
to free himself. This was the critical moment. The
officer drew the heavy sliar|i blade, from the handle to
the point, across the throat of the infuriated licast, with
a force tliat divided the principal nrtery. He made a
desperate lea|) upwards, K|)0Uting his blood over his de-
stroyer, and then fell gasping across the body of his
master. A low growl, interiniiigU d with fuiiit attempts
to bark, which the rapidly oozing life rendered more and
more indistinct, succeeded; and at length nothing but a
gurgling sound was distinguishable.
Meanwhile the anxious and harassed officers had re
gained their place of concealment under the bridge,
where they listened with suppressed breathing tor the
slightest sound to indicate the approach of the canoe. .\t
intervals they fancied they eimlil hear a noise resembling
the rippling of water against the prow of a light vessel,
but the swelling erics of a bund of Indians, U'coniing ut
every instant more distinct, were too unceasingly kept
up lo admit of their judging with accuracy.
They now Is'gan lo give theniiiclves up for lost, nnil
many ami bitter were the curses they inwardly bestowed
on the ('anadian, when the outline of a liuiiiun form was
seen udvarcing along the sands, and a dark object ui>on
the water. It was their conihictor, dragging the canoe
along, with all the strength and activity of which he
was eiipable.
What the devil have you been about ull this time,
Kran<,ois (" exelaiimd the taller ollieer, as he bounded lo
meet liiin. "tiuick, quick, or we shall he loo late.
Hear you not the hlixid-hounds on their scent "' Then
seizing the chain in his hand, with a powerful effiirt he
sent the enmsi llying through the arch to the very en-
trance of the river. The burdens that had Isen de-
(lositrd on the sands were hastily flung in, the oflieetS
stepping lightly afler. The Canadian took the helm,
directing the frail vessel almost noiselessly through the
water, and with such velocity, that when the cry of the
disa|i|)ointed savages was heard resounding Irom the
bridge, it hnd already gained the centre of tho Detroit.
CIIAPTKR XIII.
Two days h»d suci'eedcd the ileparture of the officers
from tho fori, hut unpruduoliva ot any event ui' Iniport-
aiiee. About daybreak, however, on the morning of tho
third, the harassed gurisou were once more smntnoned
to arms, by an alarm frniii the srntinels plunted in rear
of the works ; a body of Indians they had traced and lost
at intervals, as they wound along the sHrt of the forest,
in their progress from their encampment, were at length
developing themselves in force .near the bomb-proof.
With a readiness which long ex|K'rience and wulehful-
ne^:s had rendered hi some degree habitual to thcni, tho
troops Hew to their respective posts; while a few of thn
senior olfierrs, among whom wus the governor, hastened
to the ramparts to reconnoitre the strength and purpon)
of their eneinies. It wus eviilent the views of these lat-
ter were not immediately hostile ; for neither were Ihev
in their war paint, nor were tlieir arms of a deseriptinu
to carry intimidation to a dis^eiplined and fortified
soldiery. Hows, arrows, lomahawks, war chibn, spears,
.and scalping knives, constituted their warlike equipmenlH,
but neither rifle nor fire-arms of any kind were diseerni-
ble. Several of their leaders, distingnishuble by a cer-
tain haughty carriage and commanding gesticulation,
were eoUeelid within the elevated bohib-prootj apparently
holding a short but important conference apart t'roni
their juoiile, most of whom stood or lay in pieture.-;quo
attitudes around the ruhi. These also had a directing
spirit. A tall and noble looking warrior, wearing a detr
skin hunting frock ch)sely gird- •! around his h)iiis, ap-
(H^ared to eommand the deference of his colleoguesv
cliiimijig profound attention when he spoke hinisclti und
manifesting his assent or dissent to the apparently ex-
pressed opinioiui of the lesser chiefs merely by a slight
inovement of the head.
" There he is indeed 1" cxcluinied Captain Erskincy
sjienking as one who eommuncs with his own thoughts,
while he kept hia telescojie levelled on the form of the
last warrior : " looking just as noble as when, three year*
ago, he opposed Irimsclf to the progress of the first
English detachmeiit llial had ever jienetrated to this part
of the world. What a pity such a fine fellow should bo
so desperate and determined un enemy !"
" True ; you were with Major. ftogers on that expedi-
tion," observed the governor, " I have ot\en heard liini
speak of it. You had many dillieiillies to contend
against, if I recollect." " We had indeed, sir," returned
the frank-hearted Erskine, dropping tlic glass from his
eye. " So many, in fact, that more than ohee, in tho
course of our progress through the wilderness, did I wish
myself at head-quarters with my company. Never shall
1 forget the proud and determined expression of Ponleae's
countenance, when he told Kogcrs, in hif figurative lan-
guage, ' he stood in the path in which he travelled.' "
" Thuiik heaven, he at least stands not in the path in
which olliers travel," musingly rejoined the governor.
" Hut what sudden movement is that within the ruin ?"
" The Indians are picparing to show a white flag,'*
shouted an artillery man from Tiis station in one of the
embrasures below.
The governor and his ofiicers received this intelligeneo
without surprise : the former took the glass from Captain
Erskine, and coolly raised it to his eye. The consulta-
tion had ceased ; and the several chiefs, with the excep-
tion of their leader and two others, were now seen quitting
the bomb-proof to join their res|H'etive tribes. One of
those who rcniaineil, sprang liiKin an- elevated fragment
of the ruin, and uttered a prolonged cry, the purport of
which, — and it was fully underslood from its peculiar
nature, — was to claim attention from the fort, lie then
retcived from the hands of the other chief a long spear,
to the end of which was attached a piece of white linen.
This he waved several limes above his head ; then stuck
llie barb of the spear firmly into the projecting fragment,
'.juittiiig his elevated station, he next stood at the sidti
of the Ottawa chief, who had already assumed the air
and attitude of cm- waiting >o observe in what manner
his signal would bo received.
" A flag of truce in all it« iK-arings, by .lupiter 1" re.
marked ('i.ptain Erskine, " roiiteac seenig (o liavu
acquired a lew lessoua since we first met."
"This is evidently the suggestion of some European,"
observed Major Ulackwater ; " for how should he under-
kIuiiiI any thing of the nature of a white flag 7 Some uf'
these vile spies have put him up to this."
" True enough, Ulackwater ; and they appear (o have
fiiiind an intelligent pupil," observed Captain Wcniworth.
" I was curious to know how he would make the attempt
to approach us; but certainly never once dreamt of his
having recoiirso to so civilised a method. I'lieir plot
works well, no doubt ; still we have the counter-plot tu
Op|IOH0 to it"
" We must foil Iheni with their own weapons," rr-
niarkcd llio govurnur, " even if il be onl/ willt a view to
Kp: ■•■"■' ''r^/
\/ ■ ] '. ''M
% ' :!;■;!' ■ ■ 1
< ■ • If.
; ■'■, %
iijiA
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3
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:, .(.y
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•iv-;."
230
WACOUSTA, OK THE rUOPIIECY.
I t-i'^M'- ■■(■-■
S
AIM
,•';■*■
-I ^
^f'..-
2;un tiino. Wriitwortli, (loire oiio of your bnmlwrriiiirii
t'l hoist tho largi! French fliig on the slalV." Tho order
wn.i promptly obeyed. The IndinnH made asiiniiltaneoiis
movement expressive of" their sntisfaction ; nnd in tho
(■■^■irse ol' n niinnte, tho tall warrior, aceoinpanied by
nr irly a dozen inferior ehiefs, was seen slowly advancing
:inos3 tlio common, towards the group of oflicerx.
" What generous confidence the fellow has for an In-
ili 111 !" olisorved Captain llrsUine, who could nntdisseni-
1)!- his admiration of the warrior. " He steps as firndy
mid as proudly within reach of our muskets, as if ho was
Ic.iding in f he war-dance."
" How stranae," mused Captain Blessinpton, " that
r.nii who meditates so deep a treachery, should have no
(iji|)rchcn9ion of it in others ."'
" It is a compliment to tho honour of our flajr," ob-
s' ved tho governor, " whicli it must Ixj our interest to
( i^ourajre. If, as you say, Erskinc, the man is really
t.i lowed with generosity, tho result of this alfair will os-
niu-cdly call it forth."
" If it prove otherwise, sir," was tlio reply, " we must
oi.ly attribute his perseverance to the iiillnence wliieh
tliut terrible warrior of the FIcurde Us is said to exercise
fivor his bettor feelings. By the by, I see nothing of
liiin among this flag of truce party. It could scarcely
be called a violation of faith to cut otf such a rascally re-
negade. Were ho of the number of those advancing,
and Vallctort's rifle within my reach, I know not what
use I might not bo tempted to make of tho last"
Poor Erskinc was singularly infelieitous in touching,
and ever unconsciously, on a subject sure to give pain to
more than ono of his brother ofliccrs. A cloud passed
over tho brow of tho governor, but it was one that ori-
,';iiiated more in sorrow than in anger. Neither had he
tiiiio to linger on the painful recollections hastily and
r<. ifuijodly called up by the allusion made to tliis forn\i-
liilile nnd mysterious being, for tho attention of all was
n>>v absorbed by the approaching Indians. With a bold
Dill confiding carriage tho fierce Ponteac moved at the
hci'] of liis little party, nor hesitated one moment in his
I i.ir.-ie, until he got near the brink of the ditch, and stood
f'li to face with the governor, at a distances that gave
h itli partira not only the facility of tracing the expres-
sinti of enh other's features, but of conversing williout
ci'irt. There ho made a suUden stand, and tlirnsting
111 ! iiwar into the earth, assumed an attitude as devoid of
apprehension as if he had been in the heart of his own
one iinpment.
'• .'ily father has understood my sign," said the haughty
rliiof. "The warriors of a dozen trilws are far behind
ti:.' path the (Ottawa has jUst travelled ; but when the red
L'iiiii comes unarmed, the hand of the Saganaw is tied bc-
liiiil his back."
" The strong hold of the Saganaw is his saf^-guard,"
rejilicd the governor, adopting the language of the In-
(livi. "When tlie enemies ol^ his groat father come in
'■^h.i^th, he knows how to dis|H;rse tliem ; but when a
w uiior throws himself unarmed into his power, he re-
r;ii' -ts his confidence, and his arms liang rusting at his
F-id'."
" The talk of my father is big," replied the warrior,
with a scornful expression that seemed to doubt the tact
iif ■') much indilferenco as to himself; but when it is a
iri.it chief who directs the nations, and that chief his
li.v .rn enemy, the temptation to the Saganaw may be
'■■■'?,"•" .
'■ The .Saganaw is without fear," emphatienlly rejoined
the governor; "he is strong in his own honour; and he
w..M!d ratlier die undcT the tomahawk of llio red skin,
ill 111 procure a |H'ace by an act of f roaehery."
The Indian paused; cold, calm looks of intiilligenee
pi iVd between him and his followers, and n few indis-
livt and guttural Bcntongcs were exchanged among
i!i insclves.
•• Hut our fiither asks not wliy our mocassins have
I'l Mhed the dew from off the common," resumed the
I 'lief; " and yet it is long since tho ISaganaw and the
, i| skin havo spoken to caeh other, except through the
.SI whoop. My father nmst wonder to see the great
, : 'f of the Ottawas without tho hatchet in his hand."
" The hatchet often wounds those who uso it nnskil-
I'lll •," calmly returned tho governor. "The Haganaw is
r.t blind. The Ottawas and tho other trilHis find the
\>'ii' ;iiiint heavy on their skins. They son that my young
iii'i'i are not to Iw connunred, and they have sent the
frr'-tt head of all the nations to sue for iMiace."
Ill spite of the habitual reserve and self-possession of
h'lH race, tho haughty warrior conid not repress a inove-
iiiiint of impatience at tho bold and taunting Inngiinge of
liis enemvi and for a moment there was a Hre in his eye
tlut told how willingly ho would have washed away tlio
insult in iiis blood. The same low guttural extlaiiii.lions
tliat had previously esriiped their lipp, niarhed the sense
entertained of the leiiinrk by his eoinpaninns.
"My father is right," piirsuid the chief, resiiniirg his
self-command; "the Ottawas, end (he other tribes, ask
for |)eace, but not because they are afraiil of war. When
they strike the hatchet info the war post, they Jeavo il
there until their enemies ask them to take it out."
" Why come they now, then, to ask for piMce 7" was
tho cool demand. Tiie warrior liesitated, evidi iitly at a
loss to give a reply that could reconcile tlie paljiable con.
trndiction of his words. " Tlie rich furs of our forests
have become many," he at length observed, " since W(
first took up the hatehct against the Saganaw ; and every
bullet we keep for our enemies is a loss to our trade. We
once exchanged furs with the chililren of our father of
the pale flag. They gave us, in return, guns, blankets,
|)owdcr, ball, and all that the red man reipiires in the
hunting season. These are all expended ; and my young
men would deal with tho Saganaw as they did with the
French."
" (iood ; the red skins would make |icacc; and although
the arm of the Saganaw is strong, ho will not turn a deaf
ear to their desire."
" All tho strong holds of tho Saganaw, except two,
have fallen befpre the great chief of tho Ottawas!"
proudly returned the Indian, with a look of mingled
scorn and defiance. " They, too, thought themselves
l)eyond the reach of our tomahawks ; but they were de
eeived. In less than a single moon nine of them have
fallen, and the tents of my yoimg warriors arc darkened
with their scalps ; but this is past. If the red skin asks
for |)eace, it is because he is tired of seeing the blood of
tlie Siiganaw on his tomahawk. Does my father hear ?"
" We will listen to the great chief of the Ottawas, and
hear what he has to say," rrlurncdthe governor, who, as
well as the officers at his Bi<Ie, could witli dilTieult^ con-
ce.il their disgust and sorrow at tlie dreadful intelligence
thus imparted of the fatc.^ of their companions. " Hut
(icacc," he pursued with dignity, " can only be made in
tlie council room, and under tlio sacred pledge of the
calumet. The great chief has a wampum bell on his
shoulder, and a calumet in his hand. His aged warriors,
too, are at his side. Wlint says the Ottawa? Will In
enlcr I If so, the gate of the Saganaw shall b<^ open to
him." The warrior started; and for a niomciit tho coii-
rideiice that had hitherto distinguished him' seemed to
give place to an apprehension of meditated treachery.
He, however, s|)eedily recovered himself, and observed
emphatically, " It is the great head of all the nations
whom my latlier invites to the council seat. Were he
to remain in the hands of the Sii^jauaw, his young men
would lose tlieir strength. They would bury the hatchet
for ever in despair, and hide their faces in the laps of
tlieir women."
" Does the Ottawa chief see tlio pale flag on the strong
hold of his enemies. While that continues to fly, he is
safe us if he were under tho cover of his own wigwam.
If the Sagnjiaw could use guile like tho fox," (and tlii.'
was said with marked emphasis,) " what should prevent
him from cutting off the Ottawa and his chiefs, even
where they now stand ?•" A half smile of derision
passed over the dark cheek of the Indian. " If the arm of
an Ottawa is strong," he said, ■' his foot is not less switl.
The short guns of the ehiefs of the Saganaw" (poiiiliiiy
to the pistols of the ollieers) " could not reach us ; and
before the voice of our father couhl lie raised, or his eye
turned, to call his warriors to his side, the Ottawa would
1)0 already far on his way to tho forest."
" The great chief of the Ottawas shall judge better of
the Saganaw," returned tlio governor. " He shull see
that his young men arc ever watchful at their [losts : —
I 'p. men, and show yourselves." A second nr two suf-
ficed to bring the whole of (!aptain Erskine's ennipany,
who had been lying flat on their faces, to their feet on
the rampart. The Indians were evidently taken iiy sur-
prise, though they evinced no fear. Tho low and giiltu-
ml " ugh !" was the only expression they gave to their
astonishment, not unminglod with admiration.
liiit, although tho chiefs preserved their prescnco of
mind, tho sudden apjtearanee of the soldiers liad excited
alarm among their warriors, who, grou|>Rd in aqd around
tho bomb-proof, were watching every movement of the
ronfi'rring [larties, with on interest proportioned lo the
risk they conceived their head men had incurred in ven-
turing under the very walls of their enemies. Fierce
yells were uttered ; and more than a hundred dusky war-
riors, brandishing their tomiihawkH in air, leaixd along
the skirt I'f the eonimon,rvidenlly only awaiting the sig-
nal of their great ehief, to advaneo and cover bin retreat.
iVt tlic command of the governor, however, llio men lind
Iugiiin niddeiily dis:.p|ier.red from tlie surface of the tain.
|iart; so that when the Indians finally pereeivi-J llujt
icfidcr stood unharmed and unmolested, on the t'\H){\,.
had previously oecupicd, tlie excitement died away, ,ii,j
they once more assumed tlieir attitude of profomidaltin.
lion.
" What thinks the great chief of the Ottawas now!"
nskeil the governor; — "did he imagine that the yonnj
while men lie sleeping like beavers in their dams, wlie^
the hunter sets his traps to cateh them? — did he inn.
gine that they foresee not the designs of their ciieiiiini!
and that tliey arc not always on tliu watch to iircvini
them ?"
" My father is a great warrior," returned the Indian
" and if his arm is full of strength, his head is full nfirja!
doin. The chiefs will no longer hesitate ; — they win
enter tlie strong hold of the Saganaw, ond eit wiih ||j^
in the council." He next addressed a few words, and in
a language not understood by tiiosc upon the wnlls, lo
one of the younger of tlie Indians. The latter aekno*.
ledged his sense and approbation of what was said to liim
by an assentient and expressive " ugh !" which csnic
from his chest without any apparent emotion of the Iik
much in the manner of a modern^cntriloquist. He then
hastened, with rapid and lengthened Iwundings, acnm
the common towards his band. After the lapse of i mi-
nute or two from reaching them, another siniultaniniu
cry arose, diflViring in expression from any that had liiih.
erto been heard. It was one denoting submission tolbe
will, and compliance with some conveyed desire, of tlait
onperior.
" Is the gate of the Saganaw open ?" asked the Utifr,
as soon as his ear had Imen greeted with the cry we hue
just named. " The Ottawa and tlie other great rhieli
are ready ; — their hearts are bold, and they throw thtni.
selves into the hands of the Saganaw without fear."
" Tho Ottawa chief knows the path," drily rejoined
the jrovernor ; " when he comes in peoce, it is ever opdi
to him ; but when his young men press it with the toini-
hawk in their hands, the big thunder is roused to angtr,
and they are scatleied away Uke the leaves of ilie liinsi
in the storm. Even now," he pursued, as Ihe little band
of Indians moved slowly round the walls, " the gase of tin
Saganaw opens for the Ottawa ond tlio other chiefs."
. "Let the most vigilant caution bo used every wlitre I
along the works, but especially in tho rear," coiiliiiutd
the governor, addressing Cnploin Blessington, on wlmni
the duty of the day had devolved. " We are safe, while llicir
ehiefs are with us ; but still it will Ixi necessary to wutch
the (brest eloaely. We cannot be too much on our juard.
'I'lie men had lietler remain concealed, every t«ciiliil!i
file only standing up to form a look-out chain. If any
movement of a suspicious nature be observed. Id it Ik
coinmunieoteil by tlic discharge of a single musket, Ibit
the drawbridge may lie raised on the instant." Willi
the delivery of these brief instructions he quitlod Um
rampart wiUi the majority of his ofliccra. Meanwhile, I
hasty preparations hod been made in the mess-room lo I
receive the chiefs. The tables had been removed, and i [
numlHsr of clean rush mats, manufactured af\cr tlir Ir.
dian manner, into various figures and devices, apreid I
cari'fully uiwn the floor. At the further end from lh« I
entrance was placed a small table nnd choir, cnvomi |
with scarlet cloth. This was considerably elevated abnitl
llic surface of Uie floor, and ijitendcd fcr tlie govcran. [
On eilher side of the room near these, werA ran<;cd 1 1
numlier of chairs for the accommodation of tiic inlcrlw |
oflieers.
Alajor Blackwater received tho chiefs at the p'f.\
With n firm, proud step, rendered more ennlidciit by (lii I
very unwilliii|riiess to betray any thing like fear, tlicull,!
and, as ('aptain Erskinc had justly designated liiiii, III I
iiobk'.iooking Ponteac trod the yielding plonks ihill
might ill the next moment cut him oQ' from his \\vflil
fiir ever. Tho other chiefs, following the exaiii|iloiifl
flieir leader, evinced tlie siune easy fearlessnesii ol'dti
ineiinour, nor glanced onco behind them to sec if then I
was any thing to justify tlie apprehension of hidden dm- 1
ger. I
The Ottawa was evidently mortified at not beiiiftrrl
eeived by tho governor in person. "My fatlicr ii ml
liere!" ho said fiercely to the major: — "how i»tliii'|
The Ottawa and the other chiefs are kings ofallllKil
trilies. The head of ono great |if opiu should be rvccliWl
only by the head of another great people I" I
' Our fittlier aits in tho conncil-hall," rclurnrd tliil
major. " Hi> has taken his seat (hat he may recfiwlkl
warriors with becoming honour. But I am Ibc wam^l
ehief, and our Hither has sent me to receive lliein." Til
the proud spirit of tho Indian lliiH explniinlinn i<nimlf|
Rulliccd. For u. moment lie iteiiitd to ^Irupjle, at il'fl
WACOIISTA, OR THE PKOPIIECY.
231
»'
ilcavourins tosliflu his keen sense of an affront jint upon
liiin. At Icniftli lie nodded liis liead haughtily and conde.
scendiii^'lyp i" token of assent; and gathering up his
noble form, and swelling out I'i" chest, as if wilh a view
to strike terror as well as admiration into the hearts of
those by whom he expected to bo surrounded, stalked
majcslically forward at the head of his confederates.
All indifferent observer, or one ignorant of these pco-
nlc would have been at fault ; but those who understood
tlic' workings of an Indian's spirit could not have been
Jiiccivcd by the tranquil exterior of these men. The ra-
nid keen, and lively glancc^thn suppressed sneer of ex-
[jUjtion the half start of surprise — the low, guttural,
and aliiiosi inaudible " ugh !" — all these indicated the
oajrcrncss with which, at one sly but compendious viev/,
tticT embraced the whole interior of a fort which it was
ofsncli vital importance to their future interests tlicy
shnulil l)cconic possessed of, yet which they had so long
and sn unsuccessfully attempted to subdue. As they ad-
vanced into the square, they looked around, expecting to
behold the full array of their enemies ; but, to tluir asto-
nishment, not a soldier was to be seen. A few women
and okildrcn only, in whom curiosity had overconie a
natural loathing and repugnance to the savages, were
peeping from the windows of the block-houses. Even at
a moment like the present, the fierce instinct of these
lulliT was not to bo controlled. One of the cliildreii, ter-
rllitd at the wild appearance of the warriors, Hcreaincd
violently, and clung to the bosom of its iiiotlnr for pro-
lection. Fired ut the sound, a young cliicf raised his
hand to his lips, and was about to peal forth his terrible
: war whoop in the very centre of the fort, when the eye of
[ liie Ottawa suddenly arrested him.
CHAPTER XIV.
There wore fev/ forms of courtesy ohservrd by the
warriors towards the Knglisli officers on entering the
council room. Ponteac, who had collected all his native
liaughtiiiess into one proud expression of look and figure,
strode in without taking the slightest notice even of the
mivernnr. The other chiefis imitated his example, and nil
took their scats upon the matting in the order prescribed
by their rank among the tribes, and their experienco in
council. The Ottawa chief sat at the neiir extremity of
the room, and immedi.itely lacing the governor. A pro.
fciund silence was observed for some minutes ailer the
Imlians had seated themsc^lvcs, during which they pro-
teedod to till their pi|ics. The handle of that of the Ot-
lima chief was decorated with numerous feathers fanci-
jfully disiKised.
This is well," at length observed the governor. " It
lis long since the great chiefs of the nations have smoked
till' sweet grass in the council hall of the Saganaw. What
lliave they to say, that their young men may have peace
In hunt the beaver, and to leave the print of their mocas-
,s in the country of the bulFalo ? — What says the Ot-
tawa chief?"
"The Ottawa chief is a great warrior," returned the
ilhcr, lianghtily ; and again repudiating, in the indomi-
ililcncss of his pride, tlie very views that a more artful
nliey had first led him to avow. " He has already said
llial, witliih a single iiinoii, nine of the strong holds of
Saganaw have fallen into his Imnds, and that the
•al|is of the white men till the tcntsof his Warriors. If
10 rod skills wish for peace, it is because they nrc sick
lilli spilling the blood of tlieir cneinics. Does my
^-jlliet hear!"
cliicfs nl the pl^H "The Ottawa has been cunning, like the fo.v,"
ore contidcnt hy «» H^ilinly returned the governor. " Ho wont with deceit
ng like fear, llic ' lU, ■inn "his lips, and said to the great chiefs of the strong
designated him, thi ■old» of the S.iganaw, — ' Yon have no more forts uiioii
Iclding planks lIulHhc lakes; they have all liillen before the redskins; tliey
loff from hia [wpk^tvo themselves into our hands; and wo sparid their
Filig the exiunpli' •( ^Bvos, and sent them down to the great towns near the
\ fearlessness of ifc ^Btll lake.' Uut this was false: the chiefs of the Saga-
I them to sec il'then^Haw Mieving what was said to them, ^avo up their
„jion of hidden iliB-^Btninj holds; but their lives were not spared, and tlio
g ^BrisfortlieCaiiailas is yet moist with their bluod. Dies
led nt not bciiiltrf^Kc Ottawa hear?"
1 " My fattier ii Ml^B Amaicmenl and stii|ic faction sat for a moment on the
M\or: "how ifthii^^Bsturcs of the Indians. The fact was ns had lieen
fc kings of all llK'^Baled; and yet, so completely had the several forts ticcn
Id should be n.ttin'^Bil olT from nil commiuucation, it was deemed almost
W„nle !" ^■npssililu one eoiild have received tidings of the falo ol
lliall," returned ih^Bi' other, unless conveyed through the Indians tliem-
1 he may receinlki^Jlvos.
lit I am ibc »cc(w^H"Tlio spies of tlin Siganaw have been very quick to
Ireeeive Ihem" Ti^Bfjir the vigiliiiiec of the red skins," at lenoth replied
T|,j|,lnnnli"n '"'^''^B'' '''tawo; "yet lliey have returned with a lie upon
to blru)r;le, uil'^^^it li[i«, i swear by the Ureal Spirit, that uiiio uftlio
face of the ram-
perceivi-J tluir
on the siHjt I (
died away, aid
f profoiuidaUin.
Ottawas now !"
tliot the y(iuii(!
heir dams, wlim
II? — did he ims-
f tlieir enemies!
watch to prevent
rned the Indian;
lead is full of wis-
sitatc ; — they will
, ond sit Willi him
few words, and in
upon the wnlls, to
he latter acknow.
at was said to him
;h !" which cirae
motion of the h|»,
iloquist. lie then
lioundings, aerons
the lapse of a mi-
titer KiniutUmeous
any that had iiilh.
r submission to the
ycd desire, of Ihtii
'" asked the latin,
rilh the cry we hue
e other great ehieli
id they throw them.
without fear."
ath," drily rejoinei
icace, it is ever opin
;88 it with the toma-
■ is roused to angvr,
leaves of the limst
ed, as the little twiiil
alls, "tbe gate of liK
he other chiefs."
be used every whm
Iho rear," coiilinnni
CBpingfon, on whom
arc safe, while tlirir
necessary towuldi
much on our guard.
:(l, every twcnliilh
.ont chain. If any
1! observed, kt it U
single musket, Ihil
.he instant." Willi
tions he quitted the
Ificcrs. Meanwhile,
in the mess-room lo
been removed, anil >
icturcd after tlir Ir.
ond devices, ipifflil
iirtlier end from tht
I and chair, covcml
ratily elevated abme
td for tlic ROveriKi.
hesc, were ranijdi
ition of tlie inl'ctior
strong holds of the Saganaw have been destroyed. How
could tliiiOtUiwa go with deceit upon hia lips, when his
worils were truth ?"
" When tlio red skins said so to the warriors of the
last forts they took, they said true ; but when they went
to the first, and said that all the rest had liillen, they used
deceit. A great nation should overconie their enemies
like warriors, and not seek to beguile them wilh their
tongues under the edge of the scalping knife V
" Why (lid the Saganaw cimic into the country of the
red skins?" haughtily demanded the chief. " VVhy did
they take our hunting grounds from us? Why have
they strong places encircling the country of the Indians,
like a belt of wampum round the wnist of a warrior?"
" This is not true," rejoined the governor. " It was
not the Saganaw, but the warriors of tlie pale flag, who
lirst came and took away the hunting grounds, and
built the strong places. The great tiiiher of the Saganaw
had beaten the great father of the pale flag quite out of the
C'iinadas, and he sent his young men to tike their place
and to make peace; with the rod skin.-, and to trade with
them, and to call them brothers."
" The Saganaw was false," retorted tho Indian. —
" When a chief of the Saganaw came for the first time
with his warriors into the country of the Ottawas, the
chief of the Ottawas stood in his path, and asked him
why, and from whom, he came ? Tlint chief was n
bold warrior, and his heart was open, and the Ottawa
liked him ; and when he said he came to lie friendly with
the red skins, the Ottawa believed liiin, and he shook
him by tho hand, niul said to his young men, ' Touch
not the life of a Saganaw ; for their chief is the friend of
the Ottawa chief, and his young men shall he the friends
of the red warriors.' Look," he proceeded, marking his
sen.se of the discovery by another of those ejaciilatory
" nghsl" so expre.isivc; of surprise in iin Indian^ "at the
right li»nd of my father I see a chief," pointing to
Captain Erskiiic, " who came with those of the Saganaw
who first entered the country of tlie Detroit ; — ask that
chief if what the Ottawa says ia not true. When the
■Saganaw said he came only to rein&ve the warriors of
the pale flag, that he might be friendly and trade with the
red skins, the Ottav;a received the belt of wampum he
offered, and smoked the [lipe of [xaec with him, and he
iii.idc his men bring hags of parched ciirii to his warriors
who wanted liMid, and he sent to allllio nations on the lakes,
and said to tlieni, ' The S:!ganaw must pass unhurt to the
strong hold on the Detroit.' Hut for the Ottawa, not a
.Sigiimiw would have escaped; for tho nations were
thirsting for their blood, and the knives of the warriors
were eager to open their seiilps. Ask the chief who sits
at the right hand of my father," he again energetically
repeated, " if what the Ottawa says is not true."
" What the Ottawa says is true," rejoined the gover-
nor; "for the chief who sits on my right hand has often
said that, but for the Ottawa, the siiiall number of the
warriors of tho Sngnimw iiiust have been cut olV; and
his heart is big with kindness to the Ottawa for what he
did. Hut if the great chief meant to be friendly, why
did he declare war after smoking the pipe of peace with
the Saganaw? Why did he destroy tho wigwnnis of
the settlers, anil carry olV the scalps even of their weak
women and children? All this has tho Ottawa done ;
and yet he says that he wished to he friendly with my
young men. lint the Saganaw is not a fool. He knows
the Ottawa chief had no will of his own. On the right
hand of the Ottawa sits the great chief of the Delaware?,
and on his left tlie great chief of the iSliawnnccs. They
have longlieen the sworn enemies of the Saganaw J and
they eainc from the rivers that run near the salt lake to
stir up the red skins of tho Detroit to war. They wliis-
[icred wicked words in the ear of the Ottawa cluef, and
lie determiiied to take up the blnndy luitehet. This is a
shame lo u great warrior. The Ottawa was a king
over oil the tribes in the country of the fresh lakes, ond
yet he weakly took council like a woman from another."
" My father lies!" fiercely retorted the warrior, linlf
springing to his leet, niid involuntarily putting his hand
upon his tomahawk. " If the settlers of the Saganaw
have fallen," he resumed in a calmer tone, while he
again sank upon his mat, " it is lieeaiise they did not
keep their faith with tho red skins. When they come
weak, and were not yet secure in their strong holds,
their tongues were smooth and full of soft wordji ; but
when they hecaiue strong under the proteelion of their
thuiider, they no longer treated the red skins ns their
friends, and they laiigln'd at tlieiu fiir letting llieiii come
into their eoimtry. " Hut," ho pursued, elevating his
voice, "the Ottawa is a great eliief, and he will 1k' le-
t.|)eeti'il." Then ailverting in bitlerncjiii to the influenee
supposed to be e.xei;eiBed over him — " What my futlivr has
said is falfe. The Shawanees and the Delavares aro
great nations; but the Ottawns are greater than any, and
tlieir chiefs are full of wisdom. The Shawanees and the
Dolawares had no talk with the Ottawa chief to iiiukc
him do what his own wisdom did not tell him."
" Then, if the tilk came not from the Shawanees and
the Dclawares, it came from the rjiies of the warriors of
the pale flag. The great father of the French was angry
with the great father of tho Saganaw, beenuse hi; con-
quered his warriors in many battles ; and he sent wicked
men to whisper lies of the .Saganaw into the cms of the
red skins, and to make them take up the hatchet against
lluiiii. There is a tall spy at this moment in the camp
of tho red skins," lio pursued w^itli earnestness, and yet
pilling ,18 he spoke. " It U said he is the bosom iVieiia
of the great chief of the Ottawas. Hut I will not believe
it. The head of a great nation would not be tho friend
of a spy — of one who is baser than a dog. His people
would despise him ; and they would say, ' Our chiel is
not tit to sit in comieil, or to uialto war ; for he is led by
the word of a pale face who is witlioiit honour.' "
The swarthy check of the Indian reddened, and his
eye kindled into fire. " There is no spy, but a great
warrior in the caiiij) of the Ottawas," lie fiercely replied.
" Though he came from the country that lies beyond the
salt lake, he is now a chief of the red skins, and his arm
is mighty, and his heart is big. AVould my father know
why he has become a chief of the Ottawas ?" ho pursued
with .* oruful exultation. " When tho strong holds of
the Saganaw fell, the tomahawk of tho ' while warrior'
drank more blood than that of a red skin, and his teiit
is hung round with poles bending under the weight of
the scalps he has taken. When the grei.t thief of tim
Ottawas dies, the pale face will lead his warriors, anil
take the first seat in the council. The Ottawa chief is
his friend."
" If the pale face he the friend of the Ottawa," jiur-
sued the governor, in tlie hope of obtaining some parti-
cular intelligence in ngard to this teriilile and myste-
ricus being, " why is he not here to sit in council with
the chiefs I Perhaps," he proceeded tauntingly, as lie
fancied he iicreeived a disineliiiatien on the part of tl.o
Indian to account for the absence of the warrior, " tho
pale liiee is not worthy to take his place anung ilie head
men of the council. His arm may lo strong like that
of a warrior, but his licad may be weak like that of a
woman ; or, I'crhaps, he is nshamed to show hiiiiself he.
lore tJie pale faces, who have turned him out of their
tribe."
" .My father lies !" again unceremoniously retorted tho
warrior. " If the friend of tho Ottawa is not here, it is
lecause his voice cannot speak. Docs my father re, i.l-
Icct the bridge on which he killed his young warrior?
Does lie recollect the terrible chase of the pale fiiec ly
the liiend of the Ottawa? I'gh !" he continued, as his
attention was now diverted to another object of interest,
" that pale fiiee was swifter than any runner uiiiong the
red skins', and lor his lleetness lie deserved to live to Lo
a great hunter in the t'anndas ; but fear broiic his heart
— fear of the friend of the Ottawa chief. The red skiii.i
saw him fiiU at the feet of the Saganaw w itlieut lili ,
and they saw the young warriors bear him niV in their
arms. Is not the Ottawa right ?" The Indian paused,
threw his eye rapidly along the room, and tin n, fixing it
on the governor, seemed to wait with deep but tupprts;;-
ed interest for his rejily.
" Peace to the bones of a brave warrior !" seriously
and evasively returned the governor: "the jiale face is
no longer in the land of the I'anndas, and the young
warriors of the Snganaw arc sorry for hia loss ; hut what
would tho Ottawa say of the bridge ? and « hut has the
pale wnrrior, the ft lend of the Ottawa, to do with it ?"
A gleam of satisfaction pervaded the eoiuitiniincti of
the Indian, as he eagerly bent his ear to receive the uk.
suraiiee tlint the tiigitivc was no more ; tiut when ullu.
sion was agniii maile to the strange; wnrrior, his brow
heeanie nverciiRt, mid he replied wilh niingh'd haugliti.
wvn and anger, — " Does icy father ask ? Ho has dogs
of i.pics aniinig llie settlers of the pide flag, but the lo-
innhawk of the icd skins will find tliem out, and they
shall iK'risli even us the Snganaw themselves. Two
nights ago, when the warriors of the Ottawas were re.
turning from their scout mmn the common, they heard
the voice of Onondnio, the great wolf-dog of Iho friend
of the Ottawa chief. The voice came from the bridge
where the Saganaw killed his young warrior, luid it
called upon the red skins fiir assistance. My young
men gave their, war cry, iind run like wild deer to de-
stroy the rnemii's of their chief; but when they enino
the spies had fled, and the voire of (•iiondiilo was low
imd weak as that of u new fawn ; und when the war.
3
i", i, .■5-
' ' , ,•'■• '
'i
'■ i
■:c,::i|
■ 1 1. V
M
m
1*1
A^^:%
232
WACOITSTA, on THE PROPHECY.
Wiam
ii'i^
riors came to llic otiicr cud of tliu bridge, they found the
pale chief lyiiijf across the road and covered over with
blood. Tliey tlioiijflil he was dead, and their cry was
terrible ; for the pnle warrior is a great chief, and the
Dttawas love liini ; but when they looked again, they
Raw that the blood was the blood of Ononlato, whose
throat the spies of tli» Saganaw had cut, that he might
not hunt them and give them to the tomuliawk of the
fed skins."
Frequent glances, expressive of their deep interest in
the announcement of tliis intelligence, passed between
the governor and his officers. It was clear tlic party
who iiud encountered the terrible warrior of the Fleur
de lis were not spies (for none were employed by the
garrison), but tlieir adventurous companions wlio had so
recently quitted thcni. This was put k^yond all doubt
by the "night, the hour, and the not less imjwrtant fact of
the locality ; for it was from the bridge descrilwd bj tlie
Indian, near w^liell the Canadian had stated his canoe to
be chained, tliey were to embark on their jwrilous and
uncertain enterprise. The question of their own escape
from danger in this unlooked for collision with so |)owcr-
ful and ferocious an enemy, and of the fidelity of the
Canadi.Tn, still remained involved in doubt, which it
might tic imprudent, if not dangerous, to seek to have
resolved by any direct remark on the subject to the keen
and observant warrior. Tlic governor removed this diffi-
culty by artfully observing, — " 'J'he great chief of the
Ottawas has said they were tl;e spies of the S.ijf.inaw
who killed the pale warrior. His young men has found
them, then ; or how could he know tliey were spies ?"
" Is tliere a warrior among the Saganaw who dares to
show himself in the path of the red skins, unless he
come in strength and surrounded by his thunder?" was
the sneering dc^mand. " But my father is wrong if he
supposes the friend of the Ottawa is killed. No," he
Jiursucd fiercely, " the dogs of spies could not kill him ;
they were afraid to face so terrible a warrior. They
c<imc behind him in the dark, and they struck him on
the head like cowards and foxes as they were. Tlie
warrior of the palo face, and the friend of the Ottawa
chief, is sick, but not dead. He lies without motion in
his tent, and his voice cannot speak to his friend to tell
him who were liis enemies, that he may bring their
scalps to hang up within his wigwam. But the great
chief will soon be well, and his arm will be stronger
than ever to spill the blood of the Saganaw as he has
done before."
" The talk of the Ottawa chief is strange," returned
the governor, emphatically and with dignity. " Ho says
lie comes to smoke the pipe of peace with the Saganaw,
and yet he talks of spilling their blood as if it was water
from the lake. What does the Ottawa mean ?" " Ugh I"
exclaimed the Indian, in his surprise. " My falhir is
right, but the Ottawa and the Saganaw have not yet
smoked together. When they have, the hatchet will be
buried for ever. Until then, they are still enemies."
Diuing this long and important coIlo<|uy of the lead-
ing parties, the strictest silence had been preserved by
the remainder of tlie council. The inferior chiefs had
continued deliberately puffing the smoke from their
curled lips, as they sat cross-legged on tlicir mats, and
nodding their heads at intervals in confirmation of tlic
occasional apjieal made by the rapid glance of the Ottawa,
and uttering their guttural " Ugh !" whenever any ob-
servation of the porTant parties touched their feelings, or
culled forth their surprise. The officers had been no
less silent and attentive lisicners, to a conversation on
the issue of which hung so many dear and paramount
interests. A pause in the conference gave them an op-
|Hirtuiiity of commenting in a low tone on the comniil-
nieivlion made, in the strong cxeileinent of his pride,
by the Ottawa chief, in regard to the terrible war-
rior of the I'leur de lis; who, it vsas evident, swayed tlic
councils of tlie Indians, and consequently exercised un
influence over the ultimate destinies of the English,
which it was impossible to contemplate without alarm.
It was evident to all, from whatsoever cause it might
arise, this man cherished a rancour towards certain in-
dividuals in the fort, inducing an anxiety in its reduction
scarcely equalled by that entertained on the part of tlic
Indians themselves. Beyond this, however, all was
mystery and doubt ; nor had any clue been given to en-
able them to arrive even at a well founded apprehension
of the motives which had given birth to the vindictive-
nesH of pur(Kwe, so universally ascribed to him even by
the savagON themselves.
The chiefs also availed themsclvcR of this pause in the
conversotion of the principals, to sustain a low and ani-
mated discussion. 'lliose of the Shawanec and Ilelawiire
nations were esi>cclally earnest ; and, as tiiey spoke
across the Ottawa, betrayed, by their vehemence of ges-
ture, the action of some strong feeling upon their minds,
the precise nature of which could not be ascertained
from their speech at 'iie opimsite extremity of the room.
The Ottawa did not deign to join in their conversation,
but sat smoking his pipe in all the calm and forbidding
dignity of a proud Indian warrior conscious of his own
importance.
" Does the great chief of the Ottawas, then, seek for
peace in his heart at length ?" resumed the governor ;
" or is he come to the strong hold of Detroit, as he went
to the other strong holds, with deceit on his lips ?'' Tiie
Indian slowly removed the pipe from his mouth, fixed
his keen eye searchingly on that of the questioner lor
nearly a minute, and then briefly and haughtily said,
" The Ottawa chief has spoken."
" And do the great chiefs of the Shawanees, and the
great chiefs of the Delawarcs, and the great chiefs of the
other nations, ask for peace also '!" denwiided the gover-
nor. " If so, let them speiik lor themi-clves, and for
tlii'ir warriors."
We will not trespass on the reader by a tronscript of
the declarations of the inferior chiefs. Each in his turn
avowed motives similar to those of the Ottawa for wish-
ing the hatchet might be buried for ever, and that their
young men should mingle once more in confidence, not
only with the English troops, but with the settlers, who
would again be brought into the country at the cessation
of hostilities. When each had spoken, the Ottawa pass-
ed the pipe of ceremony, with which he was provided, to
tlie governor. The latter put it to his lips, and cominenc-
ed smoking. The Indians keenly, and half furlively,
watched the act ; and looks of deep intelligence, that es-
caped not the notice of the equally an.vious and observant
officers, passed among thcin.
" The pipe of tlic great chief of the Ottawas smokes
well," calmly remarked the governor ; " but the Ottawa
chief, in his hurry to come and ask for jwace, has ma<h'
a mistake. The piiie and all its ornaments are red like
blood ; it is the pipe of war, and not the piiic of peace.
The great chief of the Ottawas will be angry with hiin-
.■^elf; he has entered the strong hold of the Saganaw, and
sat in the council, without doing any good for his young
men. The Ottawa must come again."
A deep but suliducd expression of disappointment
passed over the features of the chiefs. They watched
the countenances of the officers, to see whether the sub-
stitution of one pipe for the other had been attributed,
in their estimation, to accident or design. There was
notliing, however, to indicate the slightest doubt of their
sincerity.
" My father is right," replied the Indian, with an ap-
pearance of embarrassment, which, whether natural or
feigned, had nothing suspicious in it. " The great chief
of the Ottawas has been fiK)lish, Uke an old woman.
The young chiefs of his tribe «ill laugh at him for this.
But the Ottowa chief will come again, and the other
chiefs with him, for, as my father sees, they all wish for
peace; and that my lather may know all the ndtions wish
for peac, as well as their head men, the warriors of the
Ottawa, and of the Shawanec, and of the Delaware, shall
play at ball upon the common, to amuse his young men,
while the chiefs sit in council wth the chiefs of the
Saganaw. The red skins shall come naked, and with-
out their ritles and their tomahawks; and even the
squaws of the warriors shall come upon the common, to
show the Saganaw they may bo without fear. Does my
faUier hear ?"
" The Ottawa chief says well," returned the governor ;
" but will the jialc friend of the Ottawa come also to
take his seat in the council hall 7 The great chief has
said the (wle warrior has become the fecoiid chief among
the Ottawas ; and that when ho is dead, the pale warrior
will lead the Ottawas, and I'ikc the first seat in the coun-
cil. He, too, should smoke the pipe of peace with the
.Saganaw, that they may know he is no longer their
enemy."
The Indian hesitated, uttering merely his quick ejaeu-
latory "Ugh !" in expression of his surprise at so unex-
pected a requisition. " The pale warrior, the friend of
the Ottawa, is very sick," he at kngth said; " but if
the Great Spirit should give him back his voice before
the chiefs come again to the council, the pale 'face will
come too. If my liither docs not sec him then, he will
know the friend of the Ottawa chief is very sick."
The governor deemed it prudent not to press the ques-
tion too closely, lest in so doing he should excite suspicion,
and defeat his own object. " When will the Ottawa and
the ntliiT chiefs come again ?" ha asked ; " and when
will their warriors play at ball u|)on the eommon, that
tho Saganaw may scu thorn and be amused 7" " When
the sun has travelled so many times," replied Ponlcac,
holding up three fingers of his left hand. " Then will
the Ottawa and the other chiefs bring their young «ar.
riors and their women."
" It is too soon,"' was the reply; " the Saganaw must hate
lime to collect their presents, that they may give thoinio
the young warriors who are swiftest in the race, and Uie
most active at the ball. The great chief of the Otiawas
too, must let the settlers of the pale flag, who arc Iho
friends of the red skins, bring in food for the Sogannw
that a great feast may be given to the chiefs, and to (he
warriors, and that the Saganaw may make peace wiili
the Ottawas and the other nations as becomes a grc.it
[icoplc. In twice so many days," holding upthreeofliis
fingers in imitation of the Indian, " the Saganaw will h,i
ready to receive the chiefs in council, that they msy
smoke the pipe of peace, and bury the hatchet for ever
What says the great chief of the Ottawos?"
" It is good," was the reply of the Indian, Ins eve
lighting up with deep and exulting expression. " Tj,,.
settlers of tlie pale flag shall bring food to the Sogaiiav.
The Ottawa chief will send them, and he will desire hit
young men not to prevent them. In so many davs,
then," indicating with his fingers, " tlic great chitii
will sit again in council with the Saganaw, and the Otta.
wa chief will not be a fool to bring the pipe he docs not
want."
Willi this asurancc the conference terminated. Pon.
teac raised his tall frame from the mat on which he had
been squatted, nodded condescendingly to the governor
and strode haughtily into the square or area of the fort.
The other chiefs follov^'cd his example ; and to Major
Bluckwater was again assigned the duty of ucconipanv.
ing them without the works. The glance of thcMvajcs,
and that of Ponteac in particular, was less wary than at
tin ir entrance. Each teemed to embrace every ohicti
on which the eye could rest, as if to fix its position inde-
libly in his memory. The young chief, who hnd been
so suddenly and opportunely checked while in the very
act of [icaling forth his terrible war whoop, again looked
up at the windows of the block-house, in quest of those
whom his savage instinct had already devoted in inten.
lion to his tomahawk, but they were no longer there.
Such was the silence thai reigned every where, tlie fort
appeared to be tenanted only by the few men of llie j
guard, who lingered near their stations, atlentivclt |
watching the Indians, as they passed towards the gate.
A very lev/ minutes sufficed to bring the latter once I
more in the midst of their warriors, whom, for a lew I
moments, they horaiigucd earnestly, when the whole
body again moved off in the direction of tlicir encamp.
ment.
CHAPTER V.
The week that intervened between the visit of lie |
chiefs and the day appointed for their second niertinp i
council, was passed by tlie garrison in perfect frceiloni I
from alarm, although, as usual, in diligent watchliilness I
and preparations tor casualties. In conformity with his I
promise, the Indian had despatched many of the C'ana. I
dian settlers, with such provisions as the cmintry then |
aflbrdcd, to the governor, and tliese, happy to obtnia tie I
goldof the troops in return for what they could eonvei.icnllT I
spare, were not slow in availing themselves ofthcptr
mission. Dried bear's meat, venison, ond Indian corn, I
eoinjioscd the substance of these supplies, which W(rei»|
sufficient abumhiiue to prodiiee a six weeks' incrcafclol
the stock of the garrison. Hitherto (hey had hirasub.!
sisting, in a great degree, upon salt provisions; the foul I
furtively supplied by the Canadians being necessarilr.f
from their dread of dctcclion, on so limited a scale, lliiil
a very small imrtion of the troops had been enabled lol
profit by it. This, therefore, was an important ond an I
expected benefit, derived from the falling in of (he jrarti-r
son with the professed views of the savages; iind nie I
w'hich, perhaps, U.-W officers would, like Colonel dc Hil- 1
(limar, have pissessed the forethought to h.ivc sceurtd I
But although it served to relieve the animal wontaol'lliil
man, there was little to remove his moral iiiquictwie.l
Discouraged by the sanguinary choractcr of the warfirti
ill which Ihcy seemed doomed to be for ever engaged, »nd|
harassed by constant watchings, — seldom taking (ifTlbeiil
clothes for weeks together, — the men had gradually bcfil
hising their energy of spirit, in the contcmplntion of IJnl
almost irremediable evils by which they were hesclnndl
looked forward with sad and disheartening coiivlctionul
a fnt(^ that all things tcniled to prove to llicni was iinil
voidable, however the [irriod of its consnmnialioa nii^l
bo protracted. Among tho officers, this dejection, ill
though proceeding Oom a dillbrciit cauHC, was no Is I
V'*.;
):f^' '
■■u'li
WACOrSTA, OB THE PROPHECY.
23 :i
ganaw must have
iiiny give Uioin lo
the race, and lire
efofthcOtlawas,
flag, who arc the
for the Soganaw,
chiefs, and to Uic
niakc peace with
I becomes a great
ing up three of his
e Sagaiiaw will h.i
111, that they may
• hatchet for ever
was?"
B Indian, liia eve
wpression. " The
ad to the Soganaw.
I he will desire his
In 80 many days,
" tlic great chiel'i
anaw, and the Otta.
lie pipe he docs not
I terminated. Ton.
int on which he hail
Tly to the governor,
or area of the foil.
uple ; and to Major
duty of accompany,
lance of the savnge!,
09 less wary than at
mbracc every object
fix its position indc-
hief, wlio hod been
;d while in the very
whoop, again looked
ISC, in quest of those
dy devoted in inten.
jrc no longer there.
every where, tlie fort
the few men of Ok
1 stations, attentively ]
towards the gate.
ring the latter once
rs, whom, for a lew
lly, when the vvholt
on of tlicir encamp- ]
ecn the visit of tlic
ir second mectinf in
I in perfect freedom
diligent walchliilnes
conformity with his
many of the Cam-
as the country then
hnppy to obtain the
cy could convci.icnlly
lemselvcs of tiie pcr-
m, and Indian corn,
iplief, which W(rein
.\ weeks' incrcifclo
they had liifnrab-
prnviwons ; the fowl
IS being necesMrily,
limited a scale, tliil
ind been enabled In
,.. important and tro-
lling in of the patri-
le savugcsi und n«
Jlikc {'olonel dcHil
Ight to have ffcurti
animal wtints of tk
IS moral inqiiiolude-
Lclcr of the warfm
for ever engaged, snJ
|ldom taking iifftlif"!
had gradiinlly Iwi
^ontcmplntioniifthi
[hey were toctiiiJl
•tening conviction ttl
p to them wasiiM-
onsummation miji*
1, this dejection, i
cauao, W08 no m
urevaleiit ; and • otwithstanding they nought to disguise
il bclbro their men, wlicn left lo themselves, they gave
unlimited rein to a despondency liourly acquiring
•itrcngth, as the day fixed on for the second council witli
the Indians drew near.
At length came tliat terrible and eventful day, and, as
if in mockery of those who saw beauty in iU golden
beams, arrayed in all the gorgeous soilness of its uu-
tumna'l glory. Sad and heavy were the hearU of many
v.itliin that far distant and isolated fort, as they rose, at
the first glimmering of light above the horizon, to pre-
nare for the several duties assigned them. All felt the
inHueiicc of a feeling that laid prostrate tlic moral cner-
rios even of tlie boldest : but there was one young olli-
cer In particular, who exhibited a dejection, degenerating
almost into stupefaction ; and more tlian once, when he
received an order from his superior, liesitatcd as one who
eitlier heard not, or, in attempting to iterforni it, mi8to<>k
tilt purport of his instructions, and executed some en-
lircly different duty. The countenance of this olliccr,
whose attenuated person otherwise bore traces of Ian.
cruor and debility, but too plainly marked the abstracted-
ness and terror of his mind, wliih the set stiff features
and contracted muscles of the face contributed to give an
expression of vacuity, that one who knew him not might
have interpreted unfavourably. Several times, during
the iiisjiectlon of his company at the early parade, he
was seen to raise his head, and throw tbrward his ear, as
if expecting to catch tho echo of some horrible and ap-
palling cry, until the men themselves remarked, and
commented, by interchange of looks, on the singular
conduct of their officer, whose thoughts hod evidently
no connection witli tlic duty ho was performing, or the
spot on which he stood.
When this customary inspection had been accom-
plished, — how imperfectly, has been seen, — and the men
dismissed from their ranks, tho same young officer was
observed, by one who followed his every movement witli
interest, to ascend that part of the rampart which com-
manded an unbroken view of the country westward,
from the point where the encampment of the Indians
was supposed to lie, down to tlie bridge on which the
terrible tragedy of Halloway's death had been so re-
cently enacted. Unconscious of the presence of two
sentinels, who n.. vcd to and fro near their respective
posts, on either side of him, the young officer folded his
arms, and gazed in that direction for some minutes, witli
his whole soul riveted on the scene. Then, as if over-
conic by recollections called up by that on which lie
(raicd, he covered his eyes hurriedly with his liands, and
betrayed, by tho convulsed movement of his slender form,
he was weeping bitterly. This paroxysm past, he unco-
vcred his face, sank with one knee upon the ground, and
upraising his clasped hands, as if in appeal to his God,
srenicd to pray deeply and fervently. In this attitude
he continued for some moments, when he became sensi
bic of the approach of an intruder. He raised himself
1 from his knee, turned, and beheld one whose eountc
nance was Btam|)ed with a dejection scarcely inferior to
ills own. It was Captain Blessington.
Charles, my dear Charles !" exclaimed the latter
I hurriedly, as he laid his hand upon the shoulder of llie
inaclated De Haldimar, " consider you arc not alone.
I For God's sake, check this weakness ! Tlicro are men
I observing you on every side, and your strange manner
I has already been the subject of remark iu tho com-
ll»"V-"
I "When tlie heart is sick, like mine," replied the
lynuth, in a tone of fearful despondency, " it is alike
I reckless of forms, and careless of appearances. I trust,
[however," and here spoke tho soldier, " there arc fivv
[vtithin this fort who will liclieve mo less couragoous, be.
■cause I have liecn seen to bend my knee in supplication
Ito my God. I did not think that you, Illcssington,
Iwoulii have been the first to condemn the act."
" 1 condeinn it, Charles ! you mistake me, indeed you
Ido," fa'lingly returned his captain, secretly iiaiiied at
|llie mild reproach contained in the concluding sentence ;
' bill there are two things to bo considered. In the first
tnslanco, the men, who are yet in ignorance of the great
nils with which we are threatened, may mistake Uie
Cjusc of your agitation ; you were in tears just now,
>^liirleH, and the sentinels must have remarked it as well
handsome features of the young officer; "you would not
have me appear o weeping coward In their eyes."
" Nay, di ar Charles, I did not soy it."
" Hut you meant it, mcssingtoii ; yet, think not," —
and he warmly pressed the hand of his captain, — " think
not, 1 repeat, 1 take your hint in any other than the
friendly light in which it was intended. That I lii.ve
been no coward, however, I lio])e I have given jiroof
more Ulan ontc liefore the men, most of whom have
known me from iny very cradle ; yet, whatever they may
think, is to me, at this moment, a uiatter of utter indif-
lireiicc. Blessington," and again the tears rolled from
Ills fixed eyes ovi-r his cheek, while he pointed witli his
finger to tlie western liorizon, " I hove nc^itlier thought
nor feeling for myself; my whole heart lies buried there.
l)li, God of Heaven !" he pursued, at\er a pause, and
again ral.sing his eyes in supplication, " avert the dread-
ful destiny that awaits my In-loved sister."
" Charles, Charles, if only for that sister's sake, then,
calm on agitation which, if thus indulged in, will as-
suredly destroy you. All will yet Ik; well. 'I'lie delay
obtained by your father has been sufhcie lit for the pur-
pose proposed. Let us lio|)e fiir the best : if we are de-
eeived in our expectation, it will tlieii be time enough to
indulge in a grief, which could scarcely be exceeded
were the fearful misgivings of your mind to be realised
before your eyes."
" Blessington," returned the young officer, — and his
features exhibited the liveliest image of despair, — " all
hope has long since been extinct within my breast. 8ee
you yon theatre of dcatli ?" he mournfully pursued, point-
ing to the fatal bridge, which was thrown Into full relief
against tlie placid bosom of the Detroit : " recollect you
the scene that was acted on it? As for me, it is ever
present to my mind, — it haunts me in my thoughts by
day, and in iiiy dreams by night. I sliall never ibrgct it
while memory is left to curse inc with the power of re-
trosjicetion. On the very spot on which I now stand
was I borne in a chair, to witness the dreadful punish-
ment; you see the stone at my feet, I marked it by that.
I saw you conduct Halloway to the centre of the bridge ;
I beheld him kneel lo receive his death ; I saw, too, the
terrible race for life, tliat interrupted the proceedings: I
marked the sudden up-spring of Halloway to his feet
upon the coffin, and the exulting waving of his hand, as
he seemed to recognise the rivals for mastery in that race.
'I'hcn was heard the fatal volley, and I saw the deatli-
struggle of him who had saved my brother's life. I could
have died, too, at that moment; and would to Providence
I had ! but it w as otherwise decreed. My aching interest
was, for a moment, diverted by the fearful chose now
renewed upon the height ; and, in common with those
around ine, 1 watched the efforts of the pursuer and
the pursued with painful earnestness and doubt as to
the final result. Ah, Blessington, why was not this
all I The terrible shriek, uttered at the moment when
the fugitive fell, apparently dead, at the feet of the firing
party, reached us even here. I felt as if my heart must
have burst, for I knew it to be the shriek of poor Ellen
Halloway, — the suftering wife, — the broken-hearted wo-
man who had so recently in all the wild abandonment of
her grief, wetted my pillow, and even my cheek, with her
burning tears, while supplicating an intercession with my
fatlier for mercy, which I knew it would be utterly fruit-
less to promise. The discovery of her exchange of clothes
with one of the drum boys of the grenadiers was made
soon afler you left, the tort. I saw her loop upon the
coffin, and, standing over the body of her unhappy hus-
band, raise her hands to heaven in adjuration, and my
heart died within inc. I recollected the words she had
spoken on a previous occasion, during tlie first examina
lion of Halloway, and I felt it to be the prophetic leiiun-
ciatlon, then threatened, that she was now uttering on
all the race of De Haldimar. I saw no more, Blessing-
ton. Sick, dizzy, and with every faculty of my mind
annihilated, I turned away from the horrid scene, and
was again borne to my room."
Captain Blessington was deeply affected ; for there was
a solemnity in the voice of the young officer that carried
conviction to the heart,
'i'ho attention of both was diverted by the report of a
musket from the rear of the fort. Presently afterwards,
the word was passed along tho chain of sentinels upon
leir officers was affected by tho anticipation of coming
Biiaster, In a way their own hearts are incapable of csti-
piatin;. You understand me, Charles ? I would not
nave tlicm too much discouraged by. on example that
By lieeome infectious."
' I ifn tindcrstand you, Blessington," and a forced and
liclily Diiiilo played for a inonieiit over tho wan yet
i! myself. I would not have them to liclieve that one of tho ramparts, that the Indians were issuing in fbrce from
tlie forest upon the common near the bomb-proof. Then
was heard, astlie sentinel at the gate delivered the pass-
word, tho heavy roll of the drum summoning to nrms.
" Ha ! here already !" said Captain Blessington, as,
glancing towards tlie forest, he beheld tlic skirt of the
wood now alive with duskv human forms : " Pontcac's
visit is earlier than we haa been taught to expect | but
we arc as well prepared to receive hliii now, as hiter;
an<!, in fact, the sooner the interview Is Icriiiinateil, the
sooner we shall know vvhiit we have to depend upon.
Come, Charles, we must join the roiiipiiny, and let nic
entreat you to evince less (lespoiideiKy lirl'ore the men.
It Is hard, I know, to sustain an nrlifirinl cliaraetrr under
such disheartening circunistaiiccs ; still, fur example's
sake, it must be done."
" VVhot 1 can I will do, Blessington," rejoined tho
youth, as they both mcved from the ramparts; "but tlie
task is. In truth, one to which 1 find myself wholly une-
qual. How do I know that, even at this moment, my
delt'nceless, terrified, and imioeent sister may not be in-
voking the name and arm of her brother to save her from
destriietion."
" Trust in Providence, Charles. Even although our
worst apprehensions be realised, as I fervently trust they
will not, your sister may be spared. The Cunae ian could
not have been unfaithful, or we should have learnt some-
thing of his treachery from the Indians. Another week
will confirm us in the truth or fallacy of our im|)ressloiis.
Until then, let us arm our hearts with hope. 'J'rust nie,
we shall yet see the laughing eyes of Clara fill with tears
of afleetinn, as I recount to her all her too sensitive and
too desponding brother has suffered tor her sake."
I)c Haldimar made no reply. Jle deeply lilt (he kind
intention of his captain, but was far from cherishing the
hope that had been recommended. He sighed heavily,
pressed the arm, on which he leaned. In gratitude for the
motive, and moved silently with his friend to join their
company below the rampart.
CHAPTER XVI.
Meanwhile the white fiiig had again been raised by the
Indians upon the bcunb-proof; and this having been
readily met by a corresponding signal from the fort, a
numerous bond of saviiges now issued fW.ni the cover
with which their dark Ibrnis bad hitherto been identified,
and spread themselves far and near upon llie common.
On this occasion they were without arms, oH'cnslve or
defensive, of any kind, if we may except the kiiile which
was always carried at the girdle, and which eonslltuted
a part rather of tlieir necessary dress than of their war-
like equipment. These warriors might liave been about
five hundred in number, and were composed eliiefiy of
picked men from the nations of the Ottawas, tlie Deln-
wares, and the Shawanees ; each race being distinctly re-
cognisable from the others by certain peculiarities of form
and feature which individualised, if we may so term II,
the several tribes. Their only covering was the legging
before described, comiiosed in sonic instances of cloth, but
principally of smoked deerskin, and the Hap that passed
through the girdle aroimd the loins, by wliieli the straps
attached to the leggings were secured. Their bodies,
necks, and arms were, with the exception of a few (light
ornaments, entirely naked; and even the blanket, that
served them as a couch by night and a covering by day,
hod, with one single exception, been dispensed with, ap-
parently with a view to ovoid any thing like cneumbianeo
in tlieir approaching sport. Each individual was provid-
ed with n stout sapling of obout three feet in liiigtii,
curved, and flattened at the root extremity, like that used
at the Irish hurdle ; which game, in fact, the manner of
ball-playing among the Indians in every way resembled.
IntersiK-rsed among these warriors were a nearly equal
number of squaws: These were to be s<en hjuiiglng
eorelcssly about in small groups, and w ere of all ages ;
from the hoary-headed, shrivelled-iip ling, whose eyes still
sparkled with a fire that her lank and attenuated frame
denied, to the young girl of twelve, whose dark and glow-
ing cheek, rounded bust, and penetrnting glance, bore
striking evidence of the prccociousness of Indian beauty.
These Tatter looked with evident interest on the simrls of
the younger w^arriors, who, throwing down their hurdles,
either vied with each other in the short but inerccHbly
swift foot-race, or indulged Ihemselves in wrestling and
leaping; while their companions, abandoned to the liill
security thev felt to be attached to the white flag waving
on the fort, lay at tlieir lazy length u|)on the sword, os.
tensibly following tho inovcmcnts of the several competi-
tors in these sports, but in reality with heart and cyo
directed solely to the fortification that liiy beyond. Each of
these females, in addition to the inacheenti, or (letticoat,
which in one solid square of bruad-clotli was tightly
wrap|)ed around the loins, also carried a blnnket loosely
thrown around the jicrson, but closely confined over tlie
shoulders in front, and reaching below the knee. There
was an air of constraint In their movements, which ac-
corded ill with tho occasion of festivity for whirli they
wero assoniblcd ; and it was remarkable, whether if arose
m
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234
WACOUSTA, on THE moPlIECV.
. I < ■
from (ItrurKiicc to tliosc to whom Ihcy were slaves, as
wull OH whv.s aiid (liiutjlilers, or from wlmtcviT other
cause it iiiiirlit be, none ol'tliein ventured to recline thoui
selves u|)oii tile award iu imitiition of the warriors.
When it had l)ecii made known to tlio governor that
the IndiiUis hud Itegun to develo|M! themselves iu ibrco
upon the uonanon unarmed, yet redolent with the spirit
that was to direct their meditated sports, the soldiers
were dismissed from their respective companies to the
ramparts ; where they were now to be seen, not drawn
up in formidable and hostile array, but collected together
in careless f;roups, and simply in their side-arms. This
reciprocation of confidence on the part of the isfarrison
was aeknowledfjed by the Indians by marks of approba-
tion, expressed as iiiueli by the sudden and classic dis|)o-
sition of their fine forms into attitudes strikingly illus-
trative of their admiration and pleasure, as by the iiiter-
jectional sounds that passed from one to tlic other of the
throng. From the increased alacrity with which they
now lent themselves to the preparatory and inferior
amuseuients of the day, it was evident their satisfaction
was complete.
Hitherto the principal chiefs had, as on tlic previous
occasion, occupied the bomb-proof; and now, as then, they
ap|)eared to be deliberating among themselves, but evi-
dently in a more energetic and serious manner. At
lengtli they separated, when Ponteae, accompanied by the
chiefs who had attended him on the former day, once
more kd in the direction of the fort. The moment of his
advance was the signal for the couimcncement of the prin-
cipal game. I u an instant those of the warriors who lay re-
clining on the sward spr.xng to their feet, while the wres-
tlers aixl racers resumed their liurdles,and prepared them-
selves for the trial of mingled skill and swiftness. At
first they formed a dense group in the centre of the com-
mon ; and thou, diverging in two e(pial files both to the
right and to the l«ll of the immediate centre, where tlu^
large ball was placed, Ibrined an open chain, extending
from the skirt of the forest to the commcnceinent of the
villiige. On the one side were ranged the Delawares and
the tihawanees, and on the other the more numerous na-
tion of the Otlawas. The women of these several tribes,
apparently much interested in the issue of an amusement
in which the m-uilincss and activity of their res|)eetive
friends were staked, had gradually and imperceptibly
gained the front of the fort, where tlicy were now Imd-
dled in group?, at about twenty paces Iroin the draw-
bridge, and bending eagerly Ibrward to command tlic
iiiovemuiits of the ball-players.
Ill his circuit round tlic walls, Ponteae was seen to re-
mark the confiding appearance of the unarmed soldiery
with a satisfaction that was not sought to be disguised ;
and from the manner in which he threw his glance along
each face of the rampart, it was evident his object was
to embrace the numerical strength collected tliere. It
was moreover observed, when he passed the groups of
squaws on his way to the gate, he addressed some words
in a strange tongue to the elder matrons of each.
Once more tlie dark warriors were received at the gate,
by Major Ulackv.-ater ; and, as with firm but elastic tread,
they moved across the square, each threw his fierce eyes
rapidly and anxiously around, and with less of conceal-
ment in his manner than had been manifested on the
toriuer occiision. On every hand the same air of naked-
ness and desertion met tlieir gaze. Not even a soldier of
the guard was lo be seen ; and when they cast their eyes
upwards to the windows of the block-houses, they were
found to be tenantless as tlic area through which they
passed. A gleam of fierce satisfaction |)ervaded the
swarthy countenances of the Indians ; and the features
of Ponteae, iu particular, expressed the deepest exulta-
tjou. Invfead of leading his party, he now brought up
the re,^r! and whrn arrived iu the centre of the Ibrt, he,
without any visible cause for the accident, stumbled, and
fidl to the earth. The other chiefs for a moment lost
kight of their ordinary gravity, and marked their sens*'
ot the cireumstance by a prolonged sound, partaking of
the mingled character of a laugh and a yell. Startled at
the cry, Major IJIackwater, who was in trout, turned to
iiscertiiin the cause. At that moment Ponteao sprang
lightly ogain to his feet, resiranding to the yell of liis
contcdcrales by another even more startling, fii;rre, and
prolonged than their own. He then stalked proudly to
the head of the party, and even preceded Major Black-
water into the council room.
In tliis rude thi?r.lre of conference some changes had
Iieen mud(} since tlieir rcct'iit visit, which escaped not the
observation of the quick-sighted chiefs. Their mats lay in
the imsition they had previously occupied, and the chairs
of the olfiecrs were plated as before, but tlii! room ilself
hud been considerably cnlurged. The slight partition
terminating tlie interior extremity of the mess-room, and
<lividing it from that of one of the oflicers, had Uen re-
moved; and midway through this, extending entirely
acriias, was drawn a curtain of scarlet cloth, against
which the imposing figure of the governor, elevated as
his seat was above Ihosc^ of the other olfieers, was thrown
into strong relief. 'I'liere was another change, that
escu|ied not the observation of the Indians, and tlint was,
not more than one hall' of the oflicers who hail been pre-
sent at the first conference being now in the room. Of
these Iatt4;r, one had, moreover, been sent away by the
governor the moment the chiefs were ushered in.
" L'ghl" ejaculated the proud leader, as he took his seat
unceremoniously, and yet not without reluetiinee, U|)oii
the mat. " The council-room of my fallu^r, is bigger tliaii
when the Ottawa was lierc bcfore,'yet the number of his
chief's is not so many."
" The great chief of the Ottawos knows that the Sa-
ganaw has promised the red skins a least," returned the
governor. " Were he to leave it to his young warriors
to provide it, he would not be abb; to rreuive the Ottawa
like a great chief, and to make [leace with him as he
could wish."
" iMy father Ims a great <lcal of cloth, red, like the
blood of a pale face," pursued the Indian, rather iu de-
mand than in observation, as he pointed with his finger
to the opposite end of tlic room. " When the Ottawa
was here last, he did not see it."
^ "The great chief of the Ottawas knows tliat the great
father of the Saganaw has a big heart to make presents
to the red skins, 'i'ho cloth the Ottawa sees there is suf-
ficient to make leggings for the chiefs of all the nations."
Apparenllysatisfied with this reply, the fierce Indian
uttered one of his strong guttural and assenlient "ughs,"
and then comuienced fiUiiig the jiijie of peace, correct on
the present occasion in all its ornaments, which was
handed to him by the Delaware chief It was remarked
by the otfieers this oiKTation took up an unusually long
portion of his time, and that he frequciilly turned his
ear, like a horse stirred hy tiie hmitsinaii's horn, with
quick and irrepressible eagerness towards the door.
"The pale warrior, the friend of the Ottawa chief, is
not here," said the governor, as he glanced his eye along
the semicircle of Indians. " How is this ? Is iiis voice
still sick, that he cannot come ; or has the great chief
of the Ottawas forgotten to tell him?"
■" The voice of the pale warrior is still sick, and he
cannot spi.ak," replied the Indian. " The Ottiwa chief
is very sorry ; for the tongue of his friend the pale face
is t'ull of wisdom."
Scarcely had the last words escaped his lips, when a
wild shrill cry from without the Ibrt rang on the ears of
the asscmhled council, and caused a moineutary commo-
tion among the officers. It arose from a single voice, and
that voice could not be mistaken by any who had hear<l
it once Ijcfore. A second or two, during which the offi-
cers and chiefs kept tlieir eyes iulcntly fixed on each
other, passed anxiously away, and then nearer to the gate,
apparently on the very drawbridge itself, was pealed liirth
the wild and deafening yc^ll of a legion of devilish voices.
At that sound, the Ottawa and the other chiefs sprang to
their fee;!, and their own fierce cry res|Kinded to that yd
vibrating on the cars of all. Already were their gleam-
ing tomahawks brandislicd wildly over their heads, and
Ponteae had even iHiniided a pace forward to reach the
governor with the deadly weapon, when at the sudden
stamping of the foot of the latter u|H)n the floor, the
scarlet cloth in the rear was thrown aside, and twenty
soldiers, their eyes glancing along the barrels of their
levelled muskets, met the startled gaze of the astonished
Indians.
An instant was enough to satisfy the keen chief of the
true slate of the cxse. The calm romposed mien of (In-
officers, not one of whom had even atttMiipted to quit his
seat, amid the din by which his cars were so alarmingly
assailed, — the triumphant, yet dignified, and even severe
expression of the governor's countenance; and, above all,
the ii::.xpectcd presence of the pre|)nred soldiery, — all
these at once assured him of the cliscovery of his treachery,
anil the danger tliat awaited him. The necessity for an
immediate attempt to join his warriors without, was now
obvious to the Ottawa; and scarcely had he conceived
the idea iK'fore it was sought to be executed. In n single
spring he gained the door of the mess-room, and, tbilowed
eagerly and tiimultuously by the other chiefs, to whose
departure no opposition was ofl'ered, in the next moment
stonil on the stops nf the piazza that ran along the front
of the btiililing whence lii^ had issued.
The surprise of the Iiuliaiis on reaehiiig (his point was
MOW loo powerful to Ik' diNseiiibled ; and, iiiea|Nible either
of advancing or rccoding, they remained gazing on the
seime licfore them with an air of mingled stupefadiun^
rage, and alarm. Scarcely ten minuti^^s had elapsed since
they had proudly strode through the naked area of ilju
fort, and yet, even in that short space of time, its an,
pcaraiieo had Inrn enlirely changed. Not a [nirt was
there now of the surrounding buildings that was nut ri-
dolent with human life, and hostile preparation. Tbruu<;li
every window of the otBcers' low rooms, was to be swa
the dark and frowning muzzle of u field-piece, bearini;
upon the gateway ; and behind these were nrtillcryinti,
holding their lighted matches, supported again by files of
bayonets, that glittered in their roar. In the liloct.
houses the same formidable array of field-pieces and inus.
kets was visible; while from the four angles of Uic
iquare, as many heavy guns, that had been artfully
iiasked at the entrance of the chiefs, seemed ready lu
sweep away every thing that should conic before tljcin.
The guard-room near the gate presented the same liofliji;
front. The doors of this, as well as of the other liuiU-
iigs, had been firmly sccurrd within; but from cvirv
window all'ordiiig cover to the troops, gleamed a line oi'
bayonets rising above tho threatening field-pieces, |)oinUd,
at a distince of little more than twelve feet, directly ii|k)1i
the gateway. In addition to his musket, each man nf the
guard inorenvcr held a hand grenade, provided willi j
short fuze that could be ignited in a moment from llie
matches of tho gunners, and with immediate cfTect. The
soliliers in the block-houses were similarly provided.
Almost magic as was tlio change tlius suddenly cti'icl.
oil in the apiwaranco of the garrison, it was not the iiiosi
interesting feature in the exciting sct'iic. Choking up the
gateway, in which they were completely wedged, ami
crowding the drawbridge, a dense mass ot dusky Iiuliiuii
were to lie seen casting their fierce glances around ; ycl |ij.
ralysed in their movements by the unlooked-fiirdispliiyct'
a resisting force, threatening instant umiihilation te those
who should attempt either to udvance or to recede. Nomt,
IH'rhaps, was astonishment and disap|X)intmcnt more for.
eibly depicted on the human countenance, than as t!:iv
were now exhibited by these men, who h.ad already, in
iuiagination, secured to themselves an easy coiii|Uisl.
They were the warriors who had so recently been en.
gngcd in tho manly yet innocent exercise of tiie bill;
but, instead of the harmless hurdle, each now eurrlida
short gun in one hand and a gleaming tomahawk in tlic
otlicr. AlVer the first general yeUing lieard in the couii.
cil-room, not a sound was uttered. Their burst of rafc
and triumph had evidently been checked by the una.
pected manner of their reeeption, and they now steal
on the s|iot on which the further advance of each
had been arrested, so silent and mntionless, that, Imt I'or
the rolling of their dark eyes, as they keenly ineasiirfd
the iusurinountable barriers tliat were opposed to tlii-ir
progress, they might almost have been taken lor a wild
group of statuary.
Conspicuous at the head of these was ho who wontlie
blanket ; a tall warrior, on whom rested the Ntartled ire
of every officer and soldier who was so situated as lo io-
hold him. His face-was painted black as death ; anil as
he stood under the arch of the gateway, with bis while
turbaned head towering fiir above those of bis coin-
panions, this formidable and mysterious enemy inigiil
have lieeii likened to the spirit of darkness presiding ever
his terrible legions.
In order to account for the extraordinary nppoaranfc
of tlie Indians, armed in every way for death, at a mo- I
luent when neither gun nor tomahawk was apparently
within miles of their roach, it will bo necessary lo revnl
to the first enlrnnco of the chiefs into tlie fort. Tlic fjll |
of Ponteae had Is^cn the etfect of design ; and the yill
liealed forth by hiin, on recovering his feet, as if in laiiiil-
ing reply to the laugh of his comrades, was in reality i I
signal intended for the guidanee of the Indians willioiit.
These, now Ibllowiiig up their game with iiicreasiiii; |
spirit, at oner changed the direction of their line, briii;
ing (he ball nearer to the (ort. In their oagermwlol
effect this object, they had overlooked tho gradual urn-
sion of the unarmed troops, S|H;ctator8 of their sport, t'toiii I
the rainimrts, until scarcely more than twenty strajirlen I
were lefl. As they nearcd the gate, the squaws bri)keo|i I
their several groups, and, forming ii line on either liacJ |
of the road leading to the drawbridge, appeared lo sips- [
rale solely with a view not to iiii|iodo the action of the I
players. For an instant a dense group colleeled nroinl [
the IhiII, which had been driven to within a hundrril vjnl) I
of the gate, and filly hurdles were crossed in tluirra. [
deavours to secure if, when the warrior, who fiirnirii lli» I
solitary exception to the multitude, in his blanket covrr- 1
ing, ai:il who had been lingering in the extreiiii! nnrMl
the party, came rapidly up lo (he spot whore (lit «''■ F
aU'ected struggle wur> niaiiitiiiuod. At liis upproacli, tl<( I
hiinllcs of t
Mii;de blow
Hying inl') t
iiiimiiiit lust
t.'ic eye, it iv
tentre of tlic
With Ihi
ill it had oslc
liall; and ui
sidli'ss liircc,
liVL'cn the l\
lie.id of the I
treiiiity of tin
\m-'ii their bla
tfiiiioliawk.
tlicsc, was the
lion, was the
eiullution of
lilt llie planks
(ii'l, all the fei
tlic lerrilile er
, oilier Indians,
I council room,
paining the i
lor their recept
" Secure tin
adraneiiig into
rior, whose qii
discover sonic
I of the tr lops,
A laugh of SI
tviirriur. " Is tl
willi Governor
J Imld enough to i
I sued, stepping b
doring saviigcs,-
[ ivliole g.irrisou I
■\ sudden iiiov
I room an.Kiiinccd
I ol' llieir chief.
1 iillli furociDUs pi
I Dilluivers, which
I llieir liillicrlo rcl
I mid prepnnilion.
".Stay, men; q
I nnialed the goveJ
I barricades last, ai
A cloud of ang
I f Mtiircs of the bli
I ol' Ills bravado Wi
J li'iiecs, that they ii
I as to render the e;
■ (v.liich was by no
I liced. The goveri
I to jircvciit the mis
111 a moment oi
I rior aimed his ton
iTIic latter steppec
I siieli liirce into or
lllul tlie quivering
I.Vl that inoment,
I house, was drowin
I burst from the lij
llhe warrior was, 1
Icjrrieil away by tli
|fro:n his head. Hi
"A narrow esca|
■lie observed, as son
Inn air of the imst
lliawk obeyed the fii
■farsed iiiysi'lf and
■all useless ex|K)sure
■bullel may bi' bettc
■rovenje, would ill a
|ilaatlainiiient Kc:
At the hasty cot
pniskeU were raise
xforea single eye i
piclablcaiidaclive
Jof the iicircst Indif
Imoeeiipied; when,
f lMi)|iearcd altogetli
Ihjlit inovement in
f ronding the gatew
Indfc, was now disi
FW of standing coi
I idly winds its tortu
lot advances, und
T*i't the laps,, „t' „
■ sprnii; agnin tu Jij
V*'.',' :
WACOl'STA, OK THE moiMIFX'V.
23'}
lilted 8lii|H'fac(ioii,
liuil clapscil hincc
lalird nrca ui' iho
;c of time, its aji.
Not a |mrl was
s tliut wiiM nut ti ■
laration. Tbroujih
18, was to Ik stin
ield-pieco, beariiii;
were Hrtiilerymin,
^d ajraiii l)y files of
r. in the lilock.
'ld-|>ioeC8 luid imis.
our angles of Uic
had been artfully
'», Bccmed ready lo
come before IIiiim.
led tlie same lio>lil.;
of the other liuild-
II ; but from evcty
, i;loanied a line of
field-pieces, iKiinUd,
c feet, directly »|»m
ct, each mail of Ihc
le, provided wilh a
I moment from llie
mediate effeel. Tlic
lilarly provided.
hu8 suddenly etlVct.
, it was not llic most
me. Choking up the
^letely wedged, miil
uss ot dusky liiduins
inces around; yd |ia.
ilooked-fordispliiycf
unniliilation to tliosc
; or to rcecclo. Ncmt,
ipointment more for.
enance, than as l!'.i y
who h.id already, in
a an easy coiii|iii'st.
io recently been in.
;.\-orci60 of tlie bull;
, each now curried i
ing tomahawk in tlie
r heard in the eoim.
'Their burst of rap
icckcd by the una.
and they now stood
r advance of each
itionleati, that, Imt I'or
ley keenly nuasiirtd
ere opposed to tliiit
iccu taken for a wild
fas he who wore the
lasted the startled i)c
so situated as to l*-
licU as dentil ; anil as
Iway, with his while
those of liis com-
^rious enemy inifhl
[kncss presiding ovn
lordinnry appcarantc
r for death, at a luo-
lawk was api«"'"'ly
Ic necessary lo rcvnt
lo tJic fort. Tlic till
Icsiirn ; and the yill
\x feet, as if in laiml-
Tics, was in reality »
Itlie Indians witliDHl-
■nie with liicrea«in?
1 of their line, brini:-
their eagerraiis to
Id the gradual urn-
Is of their sport, fmin
In twenty strafirlm
Itho squaws brokfO|i
llinc on cither hat J
te, appeared to wpa-
£o the action of the
lup coUceled arc iwl
lliiii a hundred yardi
irossed in lliiirra'
lior, who liirnifil ih*
li his blanket covf^
It ho extreme mtt
Ipot where (lie wfH-
Ivi liis upproaili, i^
liiirilles of till-' other players were witlidrnwn, wli'ii, :it a
snrle hlow iVniii his powerful arm, the hall wi* seen
llvin" ill!" ll"' "'■' '" "" "'''"I"*' direetiiMi, and was t'nr ii
iiioiiient lost altop;ether to the view. When it again ni.l
t'le eye, it was dusceiidinj,' per[K!ndicularly into iho very
tentre of the fori,
Wilh the lleetneas of thought now comnieneod a race
lint had ostensibly Ibr its object the recovery ">f the lost
ball- and in which, he who hud driven it with sueli re-
siille.is Ibree, outslripiKMl them all. Their course lay be-
liwen the two lines of squaws ; and scarcely liaj thi!
head of the bouiuling Indians reached the opposite e.v-
Iroiiiily of those lines, when the women suddenly threw
back their blniikels, and diseloseil each a short gun aiirl a
liinaliawk. To throw away their hurdles luid seize upon
llicsc, was the work of an instant. Already, in imagina-
tion was the tiirl their own ; and, such was the peculiar
c.sullalioM of the black and turbaned warrior, when lie
iMl llie planks of the drawbridge liending lieneatli his
lift, all the ferocious joy of his soul was pealed forth in
llie terrible cry whieli, rapidly aucecedid by that of the
other Indians, had resounded so fearfully through the
Minicil room. Wiiat their disappointment was, when, on
raining the interior, they found the garrison prepared
for "leir reception, has already been shown.
"Secure that traitor, men I" exelnioicd the governor,
ndvaneiiig into the square, and pointing to the black war-
rior, \vho.se quick e^e was now glnneing on cvi'ry side, to
diseover soiiio assailable point in the foruiidablu defences
of the trwps.
A liiigh of scorn and derision cscaiicd the lip.s of tlic
ivarriur. "Is there a man — arc there arc ten iiieii, even
willi Governor de llaldimar at their head, who will be
JKild enough to alteinpt it (" lie asked. " Nay I" he pur-
I sued, stepping boldly a pace or two in front of the won-
1 doring savages, — " liero I stand singly, and defy your
I ivliole garrison 1"
,\ sudden movciuont among the soldiers in the guard-
I room aii.iomioed they were prep;iriiig to c.xecufc the order
of llieir ehiel". The eye of the bhick warrior sparkled
Hilii llroci:)Us pleasure; and he iniide a gesture to his
I followers, which was replied to by the sudden tension ol
I tlicir liitlierlo rela.xed forms into attitudes of expectance
I anil prep:i ration.
" Stay, men ; quit not your cover tor your lives !" com-
niideii the governor, iu a loud deep voice : — " kcej) the
I barricades fust, and move not."
A nlouil of anger and disappointment jmsscd over the
Ifiatiires of the black warrior. It was cviilcnt the object
I of bis bravado w.is to draw the troops from their de-
I felloes, that they might be so iniiigled with their eneinies
I as to render the cannon useless, unless friends nnd foes
l(v,bicli was by no means probable) should alike be sacri-
I liced. The governor had penetrated the design in time
llo prevent the mischief.
In a moment of uncontrollable rage, the savage war-
Irior aimed his tomahawk at the head of the governor.
ITIie latter stepped lightly aside, and the steel sank witli
iFiicb force into one of the posts supporting the piazza,
[that tlic quivering handle snapped close off at its head.
lAl that moment, a single shot, fired from the guard-
Ihoiise, was drowned in the yell of approbation which
[burst from the lijis of tlic dark crowd. The turban of
lllie warrior was, however, seen flying thA)ugh the air,
Inrried away by the force of the bullet which had torn it
Ifro.a bis head. He himself was unharmed.
"A narrow escape for us hot';, Colonel do llaldimar,"
|lic observed, as soon a.T the yell had subsided, and with
1 air of the imst [K'rfeet unconcern. " Hail my toina-
Ihawli obeyed the first impulso of my heart, I should have
|far*d myself and died ; us it is, I have reason to avoid
lall usekss exposure of my own life, at present. A second
■bullet may \k better directed ; and to die, robbed of my
Ircveiige, would ill answer the pur|)OBe of a life devoted to
lils allaininent. Keinomber my pledge !"
Al the hasty command of the governor, a Imndred
Ijiuiskebi were raised to the shoulders of his men; but,
Mlbre a single eye could glance along the barrel, the for-
biiidablc nnd active warrior had bounded over tlie licads
lof the nearest Indians into a small sjMice that was letl
linoeeupied; when, stooping suddenly to the earth, he
Vinapiieared altogether from the view of his enemies. A
Mjlil movement in the centre of Iho numerous band
Crowding the gateway, and extending even beyond tlie
piilfc, was now discernible : it was like the waving of a
peld of standing corn, through which some animal ra-
|iilly winds its tortuous course, bending aside as the ob-
|crl advances, nnd closing again wlii'ii it has passed,
lapse of a minute, the terrible warrior was si-en
1 Jiiriuij again tu his Icct, far iu the tear of the band ;
iiul llicii, iiltiriiig a liene shout of exultation, to make
i^'iiod his ntri 111 towards the forest.
.Meaiiv.liilr, roiitcae and the other chiefs of the niii: vil
I'oiilimied rooli'd to llie piazza on wliii li they hod riishcil
at the inicxpcetrd disploy of the ainii'd nun Isliiiid the
searii t ciirlaiii. Tin; loud " Wnugh" lliiit burst I'riim the
lips of all, on findin;^ tlieinsclves thus foiled in their
scliemiis of iiiassarre, had liceii succeeded, the instant af-
terwards, by iVcliiMrs of persoiiiil appreliiiisidii, which
i.icli, hov.c'vcr, had eollectiilness eiiniigli to di^giiii-e.
Once the Ottawa made a iiioviinent as if lie Hoiild have
cleared llie space that kept him i'roiii his warriors; but
the emphatieal pointing of IIk; finger of Coloiid de llal-
dimar to the levelled muskets of the men in the hbiek-
hoiises prevented him, and the attempt was not repeated.
It was remarked by the olliecrs, w ho also stood on the
piazza, close behiml the chiei's, whim the black warrior
threw his tomahawk at the governor, a shade of displea-
sure passed over the features of the Ottawa ; and that,
when he found the daring att<'m|it was not retaliated on
his |K,'ople, his countcnanee had iK'cn momentarily lighted
U|i with a satisfied expression, apparently iiiarking his
sense of the forbearance so unexpectedly shown.
"What says the great chief of the ()ttaw.as now ?"
asked the governor, calmly, and breaking a profound si-
lence that had succeeded to the last fierce yell of the
formidable being just departed. " Was the Saganaw not
right, when he said the Ottawa came with guile in his
heart, and with a lie upon his lips? Hut tlie Kagaimw
is not a fisd, and he ciin read the thoughts of his enemies
n|M)n their faces, and long licfore their lips have spoken."
" I'gli !" ejaculated the; Indian ; " my father is a great
chief, and his head is full of wisdom. Had ho liccn I'ee-
ble, like the other chiefs of the Saganaw, the strong hold
of the Detroit must have fallen, and the red skins would
have danced their war daneo round the scalps of his
young men, even in the council room where they came
to talk of ]K'acc."
"Does the great chief of the Ottawns see the big thun-
der of the .Sagan.aw .'" pursued the governor: " if not,
let liiiii open his eyes and look. The Saganaw has but
to move his li|»s, and swifter than the lightning wouhl
the pale liices sweep away the warriors of the Ottawa,
even where they now stand : in less time than the Saga-
naw is now speaking, would they mow them down like
the gra.ss of the prairie."
" Ugh I" again exclaimed the chief, with mixed dog-
gedness and fierce:iess : " if what my father says is
true, why docs ho not pour out his anger upon the red
skins ?"
''Let the great chief of the Ottawas listen," replied
the governor with dignity. " When the great eliiels of
all the nations that are in league witli the Ottawe.s caiue
last to the council, the Saganaw knew that they carried
deceit in their hearts, and that they never meant to
smoke the pi|)C of |K'ace, or to bury the hatchet in the
ground. The Saganaw might have kept them prisoners,
that their warriors might \k without a head ; but he had
given his word to the great chief of the Ottawas, and
the word of a Saganaw is never broken. Even now,
while Imth the chiefs ond the warriors arc in his iiower,
he will not slay them, for he wishes to show the Ottawa
the desire of the Saganaw is to be friendly with the red
skins, and not to destroy them. Wicked men from th<-
IJanadas have whispered lies in the car of the Ottawa ;
but a great chief should judge for himself, and take
council only from the wisdom of his own heart. The
Ottawa and his warriors may go," he resumed, after a
short pause; "the path by which they came is again
open In them. Let them depart in peace ; the big thun-
der of the Saganaw shall not harm tliein."
The countenance of the Indian, who had clearly seen
the danger of his position, wore an expression of surprise
which could not be dissembled : low exclamations passed
between him and his companions; and, then [lointing to
the tomahawk that lay half buried in ^lie wood, he said,
doubtingly, —
" It was the pale face, the friend of the great chief of
the Ottawas, whoslriick the hatchet at my father. The
Ottawa is not a fool to believe the Saganaw can sleep
without revenge."
" The great chief of the Ottawas shall know us bet-
tcr," was the reply. "The young warriors of the Saga-
imw might destroy their enemies where they now stand,
but tlicy seek not their blood. When the Ottawa chief
takes eotincil from his own heort, and not from the lips
of a cowardly dog of a jiale face, who strikes his toma-
hawk and then Hies, his wisdom will tell him to make
))eaee with the Saganaw, whoso warriors are without
treachery, even as Ihey uro wilhotit Ibar."
AiKither of llii.se deep interject ional " ughs" escn|itd
the (Ik st of tlie proud Jiiillan.
" What my lather says is giHid," Ik^ returned; "but
the pule liu'c is a great worrier, and the Ottawa chief is
his I'rieml. The Ottawa will go."
lie then addressed u lew seiiteiiees, in a tongue lin-
kiiowii to llie otlieers, lo the swarthy and iinxioiis crowd
in front. These were aiisweiid by a low, sullen, yet
assentieiil griiiit, tioiii the niiiled liuiid, who now turned,
lliniigli NMlli jiislilialde caution niiil distrust, and reeross.
<d tlu^ drawl ridge without liiiideniiiee from the tr<>op.s.
I'oiiteae waited until the last Indian had ilepnrteil, and
then making a movement to the govi:rnor, which, with
all its liaiiglitiiiess, was iiieaiit to mark his sense of the
liirlienraiiee and good lliitli lliiil had been mnnifesled,
nnee more stalked proudly and calmly across the area,
fiillowed by the reiiiaiiidiT of the chiefs. The oiKeers
who were with the governor nseeiuled to the ramparts,
to fiillinv their move iiieiits; and it was not before their
report hud been inaiU' that the Indians were iiiinierging
once more into the heart of the forest, the tioops were
withdrawn from their formidable delenees, and the gate
of the fort again firmly secured.*
CHAPTER XVII.
While the reailcr is left, to pause over the rapid suc-
cession of incidents resulting troin llic mysterious en-
trance of the warrior of the Tleur de lis into the English
fort, he it our task to explain the circumstances connect-
ed with the singular disappearance of Captain de llaldi-
mar, and the melaneholy murder of his unfortunate
servant.
It will be recollected that the ill-fated Ilallowny, in
the course of his defence before the court martial, dis-
tinctly staled the voice of the individual who had ap-
proached his post, calling on the name of Captain de
llaldimar, on the night of the alarm, '.i have been that
of a feinah', and that the language in which they siibse-
quently conversed was that of the Ottawa Indians. This
was strictly the fact; nnd the only error into which tho
unfortunate soldier had fallen, had reference merely to
the eharaeler and motives of the |iarly. He had natu-
rally imagined, as he had stated, it was some young
female of the village, whom attachment for his officer
had driven to tlic desperate deteruiination of seeking an
interview ; nor was this impression at all weakened by
the subsequent discourse of the parties in the Indian
tongue, with which it was well known, most of the Ca-
nadians, both male and female, were more or less con-
versant. 'J'lic subject of that short, low, and hurried
conference was, indeed, one that well warranted the
singular intrusion ; and, in the declaration of Halloway,
we have already seen the iiiiportanee and nnxiety attach-
ed by the young olliccr to the coinnnmication. With-
out waiting to rc[ieat the motives assigned for his de-
parture, nnd the prayers and cx]K)stulutions to which he
iiad recourse to overcome the determination and sense of
duty of the unfortunate sentinel, let ns pass at once to
the moment when, after having cleared the ditch, con-
jointly with his faithful follower, in the manner already
shown, Captain <le llaldimar first stood side by side with
his midnight visitant.
The night, it has elsewhere been observed, was clear
and starry, so that objccbi upon the common, such as the
rude stump tliat here and there raised its dark low head
above the surtiice, might be dimly seen in the distance.
To obviate tlic danger of discovery by the sentinels, ap-
penred to Iki the first stndy of the female ; for, when
Captain de IMiiimar, followed by his fcrvant, hnd reach-
ed the spot on which she stood, she put the forefinger of
one haiid to her liiw, and with the other pointed to his
booted foot. A corresponding signal showed tluit tho
llghlness of the material oft'ered little risk of betrayal.
Doiiellan, however, was made to dofl'his heavy ainmnni-
• The occurrences related in this chapter, and the
awful details which follow relative to the destruction of
Fort MichiUimackinae, are historically correct. For a
very interesting account of this eventful jieriod of our
history, see " Travels in the interior parts of North
America, for more than 1,000 miles, in the years 17G(i,
&c., by Jonathan Carver." Hut for a more "interesting
book, " Travels and Adventures in C'anada, and the
Indian territory, between the years I7G0 and 1776. Uy
Alexander Henry, Esq."' Number 4081, octavo, in the
Philadelphia Library. For a condensed and salisfac-
tory account, see also 2d vol. of " Tlmclicr's Indian
Biography," recently published in New York, and to lie
had in every hook store ; in it w ill be found u life of
I'ontcuc, or Puutiac, ua it is soinctiinca tipclltd.— JiW.
f
■I.
(fi. !,■':'■. '■'ivi'"i';',>>
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■■'vS'l'-.',^!^ I
2:i6
WACOUSTA, on TIII5 rnoPHECY.
& i* -i, ■ '
. i :* in >
tgf ■" ^'
^^'r'
tion slims ; ami, with this prpcaiitioii, they all etolc Iiuf-
tily along, under the sInulowH of the projecting rninparts,
until they had j;aine(i the extreme rear. Here the feninle
suddenly rniiicd her tjill fifi^urc from the stooping |K)8ilion
in whieli rfhe, as well as her companions, had performed
the dangi-rous circuit; and, placing her finger once more
Bignificantly on her lips, led in the direction of the bomb-
proof, iui|)ereeived by the sentinels, most of whom, it is
probable, had, up to the moment of the alarm subse-
(]ucntly given, been too much overcome by |)revious
watching and excitement to have kept tlic most vigilant
look nut.
Arrived at the skirt of the forest, the little party drew
up within the shadow of the ruin, and a short and earn-
est dialogue ensued, in Indian, iR'twcen the female and
the oflieer. This was succeeded by a command from
the lotler to liis servant, who, after a momentary but re-
8[)cetful exiiostulation, which, however, was utterly lost
on him to whom it was addressed, proceeded to divest
himself of his humble apparel, assuming in exchange the
more elegant uniform of his su|ierior. DoncUau, who
was also of the grenadiers, was remarkable for the re-
semblance he bore, in figure, to Captain de Haldimar;
wanting, it is true, the grace and freedom of movement
of the latter, but still presenting au outline whieli, in an
attitude of profomnl re|iosc, might, as it subseipiently
did, have set even those who were most intimate with
the officer at fault.
" This is well," observed the female, as the young
man proceeded to induct himself in the grey coat of his
servant, having previously drawn the glazed hat close
over his waving and redundant hair ; " if the h'aganaw is
ready, tlueanasta will go."
** Sure, and your lutiioiir does not mane In hive me
behind '." exclaimed llie anxious soldier, as bis captain
now recommended him to stand closely concealed near
the ruin until his return. " Who knows what anibus-
eado the she.divll may lade your honour into; and
thin who will you have to bring you nut of it ?"
" N'o, Donellan, it must not be : I lirst intended it,
a* you may perceive by my bringing you out; but the
expedition on whieli I am going is of the utmost im-
portance to UH all, and too much preeaulioii cannot
be taken. I fear no umbuseade, lor I can depend on
the fidelity of my guide ; but the proseneo of a third
person would only emliarrass, without assisting iiio in
the least. You must remain behind ; the woiiiaTi insists
upon it, and there is no more to bo said."
" To oiild Nil k with the ugly wiiieli, for her pains 1"
half niultered the disappointed soldier to liiinself. " I
wish it maybe as your honour siiys; but my mind
misgives me sailly tl<at evil will eomo of this. Haa yuiir
lionour secured the pistols ?"'
" They are here," returned his captain, placing a
hand on either ehcsl. " And now, Ooiielian, mark
me : I know nothing thai can detain me longer than
an hour ; at least the woman assures me, and I believe
lier, that 1 may be back then ; hut it is well to guurd
against iicrideiils. You must eontinuo here for the
hour, and lor tlie hour only. If I come not then, re-
turn to the fori without delay, for the ropu must be
removed, and llie gale secured, before llalloway is re-
lieved. The keys you will find in the pockel uf my
nmforni ; when you liav) done with tlieiii, lei them be
hung up in their proper place in the giiard-room. My
fallier must not know either that llalloway sutTerod
me lo pass the gate, or that you aceoin|ianied me."
" Lord love us ! your liouoiir talks as if you iiivir
would return, g viiig such a lie;ip of orders !" exclaim
ed the startled mini ; " bul if 1 go bock alcme. as
trui-t in heaven I shall not, how am I to account for being
drcs«ed in your lionoiir's rigiminlnis f"
" I tell you. Donellan," iinpalienlly returned the
olTicer, " that 1 shall be l.;ick ; lull I only wish lo
guard against oceidonts. The iinlaiil ynu get into the
fort, you will lake oH' my elolbes and resuino your
own. Who the devil is to' see you in the uuirurni, un
leas it bu llalloivay !"
" If Iho Sajranuw would not sen the earth rod with
tho blood of his race, he will go," interrupted the
fomnlo. '• Oueanasta can feel the breath of lliu morn-
ing fresh upon her clinek, and thn council of llio chiefs
must be lipgun."
" The Siiganaw is ready, and Oni'iinaslii shall lead
the way," Imstily relumed Iho nineer. " Oiio word
more, Donelliin," and he pressed the hand of his do-
mostie kindly : " should I not rplurii, you must, with-
out CO illing lUlhiway or yourself, crubo my father
In bo apprised llial thn Indians niedilatn ii docp nnd
iroaohoruti plan to got puwostion of tho fort. Whul
Ihut plan is, I know not yet myself, iieilbcr does this
woman know; but slie says that I shall hear il discuss.
d unseen, even in the heart uf their own encampineiit.
r\ll you have li> do is lo acquaint my father with the
existence of danger. And now be eaulinus : above all
thin<;8, keep close under th« shadow of tbu bomb-proof;
for there are scouts constanlly prowling about the
common, and the glittering of the uinform in flio star-
light Jiiay betray you."
" Hut why may f not follow your honour?" again
urged the failliiul soldier ; " and where is the use of my
remaining here to count the stars, and hear the 'all's
well!' from the fort, when I could be so much better em-
ployed in guarding your honour from harm ? What
sort of protection can that Ingian woman alford, who is
of the race of our bitterest enemies, them cursed ' Htawas,
and your honour venturing, too, like a spy into the very
heart of tiie blood-hounds? Ah, Captain de Haldimar,
for the love of Gml, do not trust yourself alone with her,
or I am sure I shall never see your honour again I"
The last words (unhappily too prophetic) fell only on
the car of him who uttered tliein. The female and the
officer had already disapiicared round an abrupt angle of
the bomb-proof; and the soldier, as directed by his mas.
ter, now drew up his tall figure against the ruin, where
he continued for a |ieriod immovable, as if he had bccu
planted there in his ordinary character of sentinel, listen-
ing, until they eventually died away in distance, to the
receding foot.stcps of his master ; and then ruminating
on the several aiipreliensions that crowded on his mind,
in regard to the jirobabic issne of his adventurous pro-
ject.
Mennwhile, Captain de Haldimar and his guide trod
the mazes of the forest, with an ex|K'dition that proved
the hitter to be well ociiuainted with its bearings. t)n
(luitting the bomb-proof, she had struck into a narrow
winding path, less seen than felt in the deep gloom per-
vading the wood, and with light steps bounded over ob-
stacles that lay strewed in their course, emitting scarcely
more sound than would hove been produced by the slimy
crawl of its native rattlesnake. Not so, however, with
the less experienced tread of her companion. Wanting
the pliancy of movement given to it by the light mocassin,
the Itooted foot of the young officer, despite of all his itfe-
caution, fell heavily to the ground, producing such a
rustling among the dried leaves, that, liad an Indian ear
iK-en lurking any where around, his approach must iiievi-
trbly have been betrayed. .More than once, tm., neglect-
ing to follow the injunction of his companion, who
moved in a stotiping posture, with her bead bent over
her chest, his hat was caught in the closely matted
branches, and fell sullenly and heavily to the earth, evi-
dently much to tlii^ discomfiture of his guide.
.\t length they stood on the verge of a dark and preci-
pitous ravine, the abrupt siiles of which were studded
with underwood, so completely interwoven that all pas-
siigc appeared inipr»elicable. What, however, sieined an
iiisiirinountable obstacle, proved, in reality, nn inestima-
ble advantage ; for it was by clinging to this, in imita-
tion of the example set him by his eompanloii, the yiiung
ollicer was prevented from rolling into an abyss, the
depth of whieli was lost in the profound obscurity that
pervaded the scene. Through the 'M'd of this dark dell
rolled a narrow stream, so imiK'reeptible to the eye in the
"living darkness," and so noiseless in its course, that it
was not until warned by his compuninii he stood on the
very brink of it, Captain de Haldimar wim made sensible
of its existeni'e. Ilolli cleared it at a single hound, in
which the aelivity of the female was not the least con
spiciioiis, and, clambering up the opposite steep, seeiirid
their liioting, by the aid of the same underwood that had
assisted them in their descent.
On gaining the otiier simimit, wliiili was not done
witliont dtlachiiig several loose stones frniii their siinily
bed, they ngiiiii fell into flic path, wliii'h had been lost
sight of in traversing the ravine. They had proceedi d
along this abiiiit half a mile, when the feiniih^ siiildenly
stopped, and |i<iiiitiiig lo a dim and luriil alinospherethul
now Is'gaii to show itself lielwceii the thin foliage, wliis.
|M'rid that in Ihi' opening lieyoiid stisid the eneuiiip nt
of the Inilians. She then seiiteil hersilf on the trunk of
a fallen tree, that Iny at llie s'de of the almost invisible
path they had hitherto pursued, and molioiiiirg to her,
eoinpiinion to iinlKxit himself, proceeded lo nnlacc the
fastenings of her iniM^assins.
"The liHil of iheSaganaw must fall like the niifht dew
oil the prairie," she olmerved ; " the ear of the red skin is
ouieker than the lightning, nnd lie will know Unit n pale
liiee is near, if he hoar but his trend ujion a blade o
grass."
Tlic young ofllcor had, at tlio Ant suggestion uf liis
guide, divested himself of his boots, prepared to pcrl'orn]
the remainder of the journey merely in his 8loekiii;;f, iim
his companion now threw herself on her knees lici'o,,,
him, and, without further ceremony, proceeded to draw
over his foot one of the mocassins she had just rclin.
quished.
" The feet of the Sagannw arc soft ns those of a yoinif
child," she rennri.cd, in a voice of commiseration ; "but
the mocassins of Oucaiiasta shall protect them from iIk,
thorns of the forest."
This was too un-European, — too much reversing di,,
cstablislied order of things, to be liornc patiently. A« if
he had felt the dignity of his manhood ofTeiHled liy the
pro|)osal, the officer drew his timt hastily back, dcclnrinf,
as ho sprang from the log, he did not cure for the Ihorns
and could not think of depriving a femnle, who must be
much more sensible of pain than himself.
Oucanasta, however, was not to be outdone in polite-
ness. She calmly reseated herself on the log, drew bo;
right foot over her left knee, caught one of the liandu of
her eompaniiiii, and placing it upon the naked sole, de
sired him to feel how impervious to attack of every de-
scription was flint indurated imrtion of the lower lin'ib.
This practical argument was not without its wcijbl
and had more cfTeet in deciding the officer than a voliiint
of remonstrance. When (Captain de Haldimar b„'l
passed his unwilling hand over the foot of Ouciiiinsli,
which, whatever her face might have been, was certninK
any thing but delicate, and encountered numerous nijipll
excrescences and raspy call.isilics that set all syinnudr
at defiance, a wonderful revolution cnnie over liis li^ri
ings; and secretly determining tlie mocassins would W
equally well placeil on his own fecf, he no longer nirend
any opposition.
This important point arranged, the officer oner more
followed his guide in siknee. (iraduolly the forrst. m
they advaneed, became lighter with the lurid atinns|dim
iH'fore alluded to ; nnd at length, through the trees, cmiH
be indistinctly seen the Indian fires from whieli il pro-
ceeded. The young man wa» now desired by his crn-
duetress to use the utmost eireiimspection in makinfllic
circuit of the wood, in order to gain a |iosition iiiimf
diately opposite to the jKiint where the path they bid
hitherto pursued terminated in the opening. Tliii, in-
deed, was the most dangerous nnd critical part of llir nn.
dertaking. A false step, or the erockling of n (Iccnycd
branch beneath tho foot, would have been sufficient lo
betray proximity, in which case his doom wns scnlcil.
Fortunate did he now deem himself in having yirlW i
to the counsel of his guide. Had he retained his uiilHiiii-
iiig boot, it must have crushed whatever il prcswil;
wliereas, the pliant mocassin, yielding lo the ohstaclif it I
encountered, enabled him lo pass noisi'Icssly over Hum
Still, while exempt from danger on this score, .iiinlinr,
seareely less perplexing, iMcanie ut every insliinl iimre |
obvious; fi)r, as they drew nearer lo the |ioinl which liic
female sought lo gain, the dim liglil of the half sluiiibci'
iiig iires fell so immediately upon their imth, flint hail 1 1
single liiimau i ye been tiiriied in that direilien,lliiir I
discovery was inevilahle. It was with a beating liiarl, [
to whieli mere personal fear, however, was a slMii|,nT, lliil I
Captain de llalilimar performed this eonelndinj; slojical'l
his adventurous course; hut, at a moineiil when hcron.f
siih'red deteotion unavnidahle, and was arinini; hiinslll
with resiilulion to meet the event, the femnle siiddeii'y I
halted, phiiiiig, in the act, the trunk of nn in>iMii'«l
beeeli betwien her eompaiiiou anil llie iliiMky |i>rit<|
within, whose very breathing eoulil be lirnrd by lit
nnxioiis ollicer. Wilhont uttering a word, she tiKik Im
hand, and, drawing him gently forwaid, disarnHvirrd li
together fVoiii bis view. The young man fiilleu id, »«l
in the next moiiient found himself in the liowel!c»(i 1»«1) I
of the tree itself; into which, on the siih' of the iiiiamcl
nieiil, both light and sound were admitted by n mii^
iipertnre formed by the iintiiral decay of the mud.
The liiilinn pressed her lips to the ear of In T ri'iifi I
iiioii, nnd rather breathed than said, — " The Sifiwl
will sec^ nnd bear every thing (Voiii this in sillily; ««*l
what he hears let liiui treasure in his heart. I)iiiiiiiii>l<|
must go. When the council is over she will retnni, i>'|
lend liimlmeli to his warriors,"
With this brief iiilimalion she departed, nnd soini'l
h'ssly, that llie young officer wns not aware of Inr i^l
seiiee iiiilil some minutes of silence hnd satisfied Inindtl
iiiiist Im' gone. Ills first eare then was to survey, Ihrou/il
the aiiertiire that lay in a level with his eye, llir rlinnrl
tiT ol the scene Isfiire him. The small plain, in whiililifl
the eneampuienf of the Indinns, was n sort of «ni"i» .'f*l
f(irest,girt round with a rude ImII nfumlrrwoiul,niid>
what elevated. Ml nslo present lheniip«'arnneeoriinii'iM|
eonstruetrd on tho first principles or art. This wm thif il'.
WACOUSTA, (OR THE I'llOPHECY.
237
liircd to iM'rforiii
is Blockinjif, lim
ler kni'cs iH'fotc
occcdt'd to draw
liad just rcliii.
lliosc of a yniiiijr
iiiwration ; " Imt
t them i'roin the
ich rcvcrBini; the
patiently. Ab if
A offc'iuli'cl by the
y bock, dci'laring,
I re for the Ihorns,
nlc, who must be
If.
outdone ill polite-
ihc log, drew lie;
ic of the haniln nf
lie naked soli-, (if
Itack of every dc.
the lower limb,
itliout its wciglit,
iccr than a volume
e Haldiiiiar h,A
)ot of Ouciumsli,
jecn, was eertninly
i numerous riippit
t set all syinmiltr
nmc over his frci
locassins would 1«'
,e no longer offiTid
B officer once more
iually the forosl.m
he lurid aInioHiihdii'
ugh the trees, cmiW
from whieli it iiro-
lesirod by his i-rn-
etion in inakincllic
in a jiositioii iiiinif
3 the pnlh lliey biil
oiiening. This in-
itical [Mirt of thcnii
jckling of a derayni
been sufficicnllo
loom was senliMl.
in having yiilW
..iiincd his uiiIhuiI-
tmtever it |iri'8«(l;
to the obstaclci il
■lessly over tliim.
thiH score, niiolbtr,
'Very iustiinl iime
.jie jMiint whiili llif
nf the hulfslumbci-
ir iMilh, tlmlhailt
..jat dire(lioii,lliii'
itli a lienliiiir l"''"'
wBsniili.iiiK>r.lli",
.•oneluiliiii! i-lnit'' »'
inient when !»' rei-
ns ariniui! hiiiwll
feiiiiile suiWtii';
nk of an cniinii'iiii
llic dusky lims
i! he hriird liy ll<
word, she l<«ili I"'
iiid, disnmH'ari'd al-
[ ninii liillowi'il. •ii'l
the Imwellcs" Wi
■ide of the eiifaiiir
Idinilled \'y « 'm^
of the «oiid.
• ear of her ri'iiifi-
l| "'I'lii' Si(i»m"
thin in snlVly; "«*
heurl. OwmM
ihe will reliirii,«wi
Lirled, null tnm»-
It aware of li" '^
nlisfiedliii"'''!
^ (o HUtv( V, llifil*
IhlH eye, the rl'""^
1 plain, hi *WM
[ Borl of oil"!" •■''"'
ldorw»"d,iiiiil>n«»
Tarnneeoriiii""*'
It. Thi»wMt'*'''
C
hi
1
Itlioui'li irregularly studded with tents, some of which
were lornied of large coarse mats thrown over polos dis-
imscd in a conical shape, while others were more rudely
j,^„i,,(,sed of the leafy branches of the forest.
Williiii these, groups of human forms lay wrapped in
tliiir blankets, stretched at their lazy length. Others,
with tlieir feet placed close to the dying eniliers of their
(■|f,.s diverged like so many radii from their centre, and
lay motionless in sleep, as if life and consciousness were
wholly extinct Here and then' wus to be seen a solitury
warrior securing, with admirable neatness, and with
delicate ligatures formed of the sinew of the deer, the
■ruiding feather, or fashioning the bony barb of his long
urriiw r while others, with the Kniiie warlike spirit in
viiw, employed tlieinselves in cutting and greasing small
nilcl'ios of smoked (leerskin, whieli were to secure and
Live a nioro^ certain direction to the murderous bullet.
Aaiong the warriors were interKpcrsed many women,
some of whom might Iw seen supporting in their laps the
licavv heads of their unconscious helpmates, while tliey
orciipied themselves, by the Hrclight, in parting the long
black matted hair, and maintaining a destructive war-
fare against the pigmy inhabitants of that dark region.
Tlieae signs of life and activity in the body of the camp
m-nerally were, however, but tew and occasional ; but, at
tlic siHit where tiaptain de Haldimar stood concealed, the
Rcene was ditfercnt. At a few yards from the tree stood
a sort of shed, composed of tall poles placed upright in
the earth, and BUp|)orting a roof formed simply of rude
umii'lis, the tblinge of which had been withered by time'.
1%''- simple cdiliec might Ixs about fitly feet in circiim.
fereiiee. In the e(^ntre blazed a large lire that had been
iii'wiv fid, ami around this were assembled a band of
swarthy warriors, some twenty or thirty in numbeT, w ho,
bt their proud, calm, and thoughtful bearing, might at
olice hi' k'lowii to Iw chiefs.
The liicea of most of these were familiar to the young
officer, who speedily recognised them for the principals
of the various tribes Ponteac had leagued in arms
nitainsl bis eiii'Miies. That chief himself, ever remark
ulilc lor his haughty eye and cominanding gesture, was
lit' the number of those present ; and, a little aloof from
his interiors, sat, with his feet stretched towards the tire,
and half reclining on his side in an attitude of iud
lince; yet with his mind evidently engrossed by deep
Hiiil absorbing thought. From souie observations that
ilislinctly met his ear, Captain ile llaldimnr gathered,
till' parly were only awaiting the arrival of an important
(liariicter, without whose presence the lending chief was
unwilling the conference should begin. The period of
Ibo ollieir's coiicealinent had just Ikii'u long enmigh to
I'liiMc liiiu to fi.v all these particulars in his mind, when
middcnly the faint report of a distant rille was heard
echoing throughout the wood. 'I'liis was instantly siic-
oi'idid by a second, that soundeil more sharply on the
far; and then followed a king nnil piercing cry that
brought every warrior, even of those who slept, ipiiekly
to Ills feel.
All anxious interval of sonic minutes pnssi'd away in
the tiled and listening attitudes, which the chiefs es|H'-
eiolly had assumed, when a noise resembling that of
tiHiie animal forcing its wav rapidly tlirongb the rustling
ibraaclies, was tiiintlv heard in the direelioii in which the
inlmts had been lireil. This gradually increased as it
evidently approailied the rncampmeiit, and then, dis.
Iiactir, could U'. heard the light yet unguarded houndiiigs
bin buiiinii foot. At every monient the rUNlliiig of the
luiiiliTwooil, rapidly divided by the approaehing liiriii, Ih"
line more auililile ; and so elosely did the intruder press
|li|mi the |Hiiut iu which ('nptniii de ilaldimar was eon-
rinlcd, that that ollUer, fancying he hail lu'eii Is'lrayed,
lurncd bastily round, and, grasping one of the pistols he
'lid w'cri'ti'il in his eliesl, prepared himself for n last and
leadiy ineiniiiter. All instant or two was siillicicnt to
(e-aiwnre liiiii. The liirni glided hastily past^ hnishing
llietrie with its garments in its cnursr, and clearing, at
«ini(b' liDiuid, the ImII of underwood that divided the
ujiii|iiiii lit from the tall fori'st, stood suddenly uinong
lie ifMiip of anxious and rx|H'etaiit ihiefH.
Tlii« individual, a man of tall sialure, was powertiilly
Mile. He wore a jerkin, or hiinliug-eoat of h'alher ; and
IK onns were, a rille which had every np|M'a ranee of
i«MiilI just Is'i'ii discharged, a loinnhnwk leekiiig with
IhhI, anil a scalping knife, whii'b, in the hurry of some
leiviii mrviee it had Im'cii made to |H'rforiii, had missed
I'slualli, and was thrust naked into the Is'lt that eiieir-
li'd hi< loins. His countenanee wore an expression of
iililiiinnt triiiiuph; nnd as his eye till on the asseiii-
N throng, its Self-satisfied nnd exulting glance seemed
liiic tls'iii In understand ho came not without eredeii-
nil to reeoMiinunil liim «u Ihcir liolit'o. f^iptniii de
Ilaliliniar was particularly struck by the air of hold dur-
ing and almost insolent recklessness pcrvailing every
movement of this mnii : and it was dilHcult to say whe-
ther the liaiighrmcss of bearing peculiar to I'oiileac him-
self, was not i'.vceedi'd by that of this herculean warrior.
Hy the body of chiefs his ap|icaraiice had been greet*.'d
with a inere general grunt of approbation; but the coun-
tennnec of the leader expressed a more personal interest.
Ml seemed to expect he had something of moment to
conimiinicate; but as it wus not consistent with the dig-
nity of Indian etiipielte to enquire, tlii'y wailed calmly
until it shouhl ple'nse their new associate to enter on tin
history of his exploits. In pursuimce of an iiivitaliiin
Ironi I'onteae, he now took his seat on the right hand ot
that chief, and iiiimedintely facing the tree, from w liieh
('aptaiii lie Ilaldimar strongly exeili'd both hy the reports
of the shots that had been fired, and the sight oi the
bloody I'uialiawk of the recently arrived Indian, gazed
enrnestly and nnxiously em thi^ swarthy throng.
(ilancing once more triniiiphnnlly round the circle,
who sal smoking their pipes in calm and deliberative
silciiee, tin: l.>;;"r now eibscrvcdthi' e^yc of a young chiet,
who sat opposite to him, intently riveted em his lel't sliuiil-
iler. He raised his hand to the part, willulrew it, lexikeel
at it, and found it wet with blooil. A 'light start of sur-
prise belrayi^d his own unconsciousiiss i of the accident ;
yet, secretly vexed at the discovery which liail been
made, and urged probably by one of his waywarel fits,
he demanded haughtily and insultingly of the young
chief, if that was the first time he had ever lookeil on the
bloeiel of a warrior.
" PiK's my brolluT feel pain '?" was the taunting reply.
" If he is come to us with a trophy, it is not without
being elcarly bought. The^ .Saganaw has spill his blood."
" The wt^apoim of the Saganaw, like those of the'
smooth liii'c of the Ottawa, arc without stiiig," angrily
retorted the other, "'i'hi'y only prick the skin like a
thorn ; hut when Wacoustu drinks the bloeid of his
enemy," and he glaneed his e'ye fiercely at the young
man, " it is the blowl next his heart."
" My brother has always big words upon his lips,"
ri'turneil tlui yeiung chief, with a seornliil sneer at the
implied threat against himself. "Ihit wli.'re arc his
proofs "'
For a niDiiunt the I'ye of the parly thus ehallcnged
kindled into tlaiiii', while his lips were firmly conipre.ssed
together J and as he half bent himself forward, to si-an
with greater I'ariiislness the features of his ipie slioiier,
his right hand sank to his litl siile, tightly grasping the
handle of his sealping-knile. The aetiuii wus but mo-
mentary. Again he ilrcw himself up, pntleel thr smoke
deliberately Ironi his bloody tomahawk, nnd, thrusting
his right hand into his boyoiii, iliew leisinily tiirtli a
ri'i'kiiig scalp, which he tossed insolently across the fire
inio till' lap. of the young chief A loud anil general
" ugh!" le'slified the approbnlion of the nssemliled group,
at the uncipiivocal answer thus given to the deiiiand of
the youth. The I'ye of the huge warrior sparkhd with a
deep and fereicieins exiillalioii,
'■ What says the suioutli taee of the Otlawas now
he ilemaiiiled, in Ihc same insolent strain. " Does it
make his heart sick to look upon the aciilp of a ^reut
chief.'"
The young man ipiiolly turned the liorrid trophy
over several limes in bis hand, examining It atleulively
in every purl. 'I'lieii tossing it back with i:untemp-
liloiis eoolncNS to its owner, Ile replied, —
"The eyes of my brother arc weak willi ago. II
is not cunning, like a red skin. 1'li« Ottawa has oHen
seen tlin Sagannw in tliei' fort, and he knows lliiii
eliiefs have line hair like uo. leii ; but this is liko the
briHtIrs of ilm fox. My brollier Ima not «lain a ([real
chief, but a coiiiuion warrior."
A tinsh ol irrepressible and Ihruntening anger paased
over the features of the vast savage.
• "Is it for a boy," ho fiercely askid, "whoso dyes
know not yet the eohmr of blood, to juilgo of the eiie-
miea that i'nil by (ho toniahawk of Waeoualu r' but
great warrior never bnasls of nctioiia Ibnt ha does mil
aeliieve. Il is the (.on of lh« great chief of Ilm Mnga-
iiaw whom lin baa slain. If the smooth faeo doiibla it
and hna courngo to veiiluri<, xven al night, wilhiii n
liundrnd yards of the fiirl, ho will sen a Hnganaw with-
oulttaealpi and hii will know lliat Saganaw by lii«
iliesB — the dress," he pursued, with a low pinphnlii
biugli, "llmt Oiiennnsla, the sister of the amooth face,
loved so mm II to look n|'uii."
({nicker than Ihoiight waa the iipspringing of tin
young luilinn to his feel. With a ilieek glowing, an
eye iTashing, and hia glpamiiig tumaliawk whirling
rapidly ruunil hi* hvtd, ho enured iit • linKlo bound the
lire that aoparated him from his insultor. The,formi-
dable man who had thus wantonly provoked llie.ttttack,
was equally prompt in meeting il. At the first niove-
menl of the youth, ho too bad leapt to his feet, and
brandished the terrible weapon that served in the dou-
ble capacity of pipe and hatchcl. A tierce yell escaped
the lips of each, as they thus met in close and hostile
ullision, and the scene for the monicnt promised to be
mo of tlin nioet tragic character; hut before either
could find an assailable point on which to rest bis for-
iiiidublu weapon, I'onleuc himself bad thrown his per-
son between them, and in a voice of thunder command-
ed the instant abandonment of their purpose. Kxas-
lierated even as they now mutually were the iiiHuenco
of that authority, for which the great cli.t.t' of the Ot-
tawaa was well known, was not without due effect on
the combatants. His anger was principally directed
against the assailant, on whom the tones of his repiov-
mg voice produced a change the intimidation of his
powerful oppiment could never have effected. The
young chief liriipped the point of his tomahawk ; bowed
Ilia head iu submisaion, and then resuming his scat,
sat during the remainder of the night with his arms
Iblded, and his head bent in silence over his chest.
" Our brother has done well," said I'onteae, glancing
approvingly at him who had exhibited the reeking tro-
phy, and whom he evidently favoured. " He ia a great
chief, and his words are truth. We heard the report
of Ilia riffo, and wo also heard the cry that told he had
borne away the scalp of an enemy. Hut we will think
of ibis to-morrow. Let us now commence our talk."
Our readers will readily imagine the feelings of Cap-
lain de Haldimar during this sliort but exciting scene.
From the account given by the warrior, there could bo
110 doubt the murdered man was the unhappy UoneU
Ian ; who, probably, neglecting the caution given him,
had exposed himself to the mnrderons aim of this fierce
being, who was apparently a scout sent fur the purpose
of watching the movements of the garrison. T.'ie di-
rection of the firing, the allusion made to the regimen-
tals, nay, the scalp itself, which he knew from the short
crop to be that of a soldier, and fancied he recognised
I'roin its colour to be that of his servant, formed but too
I'oiiclusive evidence of the fact ; and, bitterly and de^ep-
ly, as he gazed on this melancholy proof of tlin man's
sncrifiio of life to his interest, diet hu repent that ho
had made him the companion ofliis adventiirb, or that,
having done so, he had not either brought him away
.iltogether, or sent him instantly back to ihe fort. Coni-
miseration for the fate of the unfurlunalo Diiiiellaii
naturally imiueed a spirit of personal hoNlility towards
his destroyer ; and it was wilh feelings strongly excit-
ed in favour of him whom ho now discovered to be the
brother of his guide, tlikl he s.iw liliu spring fiercely tu
the attack of his gigantic opponent. There was an
activity about the young chief amply comiiienauiuto
with the great physical power of his adversary ; wliilo
the inanner in which hu wielded his lomahawk, provcil
him to bo any thing but the novice in the use of the
I'ormidahle weapon the other bod represented him. It
was with a feeling nf diaappointment, therefore, which
the pei'uliarily of his own position could not overcome,
ho BOW I'unlcac inturpuae himself between the parties.
rreaently, however, a suhjocl of deeper and more
absorbing interest than even the fain of his ', ihappy
follower engrossed every faculty of hia mind, and
riveted both eye and ear in painful tension to the
aperture in his hiding-ploce. The chiefs hud resumed
their places, and the alienee of n few ininutes had suc-
cocded tu the fierce off'ray nf the warriors, when I'un-
leae, iu a calm and deliberate voice, proceeded In state
he had sumnioncd all Ihe heads of ihe nations together,
to hear a plan he had In ott'er for Ihe reduelinn of Ihe
last rnmnlning I'oria of thyir enemies, ,Mieliiiiniaekinac
and Detroit. Ile pointed out the ledionsness of the
warfare in which Iliey weru engaged; the desertion of
the liunling-groundB hy their warriors; and their cou-
■eipient deficiency in all IIiohu articles of Kiirupeaii
traffic which they were formerly in Ihe hiibit of receiV'
ing in exchange for their furs. Ili^ dwell on Ihe bene-
ficial rcBulta that would accrue lo them nil iu the event
of Ihe reiluelion of those Iwo impoilant fortrraioa ;
since, in that ease, they would be enabled to innko aueh
torina wilh the hjiflish aa would aeeiirn In tlinin con-
aideraklo advantagae; while, inalead of being treated
with the Indignity of a enni|uered people, they would
be enabled lo enminand reapeel from Ihe lnipo»in;f alti-
tude Ihia final erowmiig nf their aueeraaes would enable
Ihem to aaaiinie. lie stated that the prudence mid
vigilinco of llio conimandera of llicie Iwu ur'educod
~ '»f% '■■■ .'"'
1 1;-^
.fil
y':^^':
' (.'
■M
t
238
WACOUSTA, OB THE PHOPHECV.
iii'S
m"'
'"ir-;
furlrossen were likely long to bntHe, os linti liithorto been
the cane, every open attempt at tlicir capture; and ad-
mitted lie liad little expectation of terrifying iliem into
a Hurrender liy the same artifice that had xuccecdod
with the forts on the Uhio and the lower lakex. The
plan, however, which he had to propose, was one hu
felt assured would be attended with success. Hu
would disclose that plan, and the great chiefs should
give it the advantage of their deliberation,
('aptain dc Holdimar was on tlic rack. The chief lind
gradually dropped his voice as he explained his plan, until
at length it became so low, that undistinguislmble sounds
alone reached the ear of tlie excited officer. For a mo-
inent he despaired of making himself fully master of the
important secret ; but in the course of the deliberation
that ensued, the blanks left unsupplied in the discourse
of the leader were abundantly filled up. It was what the
reader has already seen. The necessities of the Indians
were to be urged as a motive for their being tired of
hostilities. A peace was to lie solicited ; a council held;
a ball-plnying among the warriors prC|iosed, as a mark
of their own sincerity and confidenuc during that coun-
cil; and when the garrison, lulled into security, should
be thrown entirely oil' tlieir guard, the warriors w i-ro to
seize their guns and tomahawks, with which (the former
cut short, fur the Iwttcr concealment of their pur|iose;
their women would be provided, rush in, under pretext
of regaining their lost ball, when a universal miissacre
of men, women, and children was to ensue, until notliing
wearing the garb of a Saganaw should be Ictl.
It would 1(1! tedious to follow the chief through all the
minor ramifications of his subtle plan. SuHiee it they
were of a n.nture to tlinnv the most wnry oft" his guard ;
and so admirably arranged was every part, so certain
did it ap|>ear their enemies must give nitu '.he Nuure, that
the oldest chiefs testified their approbation with a vivacity
of manner and expression little wont to characterise the
ilelibcrative meetings of these reserved jH'ople. But
deepest of all was the approval of the tall warrior who
had so recently arrived. To him had the discourse of
the leader licen principally directed, as one whose cmin-
■u'l and exp<'riencc were especially wanting to confirm
liim in his purfiosc. He was the lust who spoke ; but,
when he did, it was with a force — an energy — that i:>ust
have sunk every objection, even if the plan had not iK'cii
Ro )>erfect and unexceptionable in its concoction as to
have precluded a imssibility of all negative argument.
During the delivery of his animated s|>eech, his swarthy
uounteiiance kindled into fierce and rapidly varying ex.
preNsion. A thousand dark and enniplicaled pasxions
evidently struggled at his heart; and as lie dwelt leisurely
and eniphatieally on the sacrifice of human life that must
inevitably attend the ado[ilion of the prn|msed measure,
his eye grew larger, his chest cxpandeil, nay, his very
nostril appeared to dilate with imfathomably guileful ex-
ultation. Captain de Ilaldimar thought he had never
gazed on any thing, wearing the human sliapi', half so
atrociously savage.
Iiong Is-foro the council was terminated, the inferior
warriors, who had been so suddenly aroused from thiir
slumlK'ring attitudes, hail again retired to their tents, and
plri'trlied their lazy Irnglli Is't'on! the eiulMrs of their
firi's. 'l"he w<>ary chiefs now nnpared to follow their ex
nmple. They emptied the aslies from the IhiwIs of (heir
pi|H'.t(miahawks, replaced them ean'fully at their side,
rose, n-,.' retired to their reH|H-etive tents. I'onleae and
the tall warrior alone remained. For a lime they con-
versed enriieslly together. The former listened allin-
iivrly to some observations made to him by his eom-
paiiioii, in llie course of which, the words " chief of tlii'
Sagaiiuw — fort — spy — I'nemy," and two nr three others
eoniilly uni^onneeled, were alone audible to the ear of
him' who so attentively sought to ealeh the shghtest
sound, lie tlirn thrust his hand niuler his huiiliiig.eoHt,
nn<l, IIS if in eoiifirinalion of )\'lint lie had Ihi'Ii stating,
exhibited a eoil of ro|H' and Die glossy Isxil ofiiii Knglish
nlfiier. I'niileae tillered one of his sharp ejiM'iilating
" iiflis!" mill llien rising quickly iVmn his siiil, Idllowed
by lii^ eoiiipaiiioii, soon disup|K'iired in the heart of the
eneampiiient.
k?i,,ij'.
"r-:j
CH.\i-ii:u xviir.
IIiiw shnll we ntlempi lo paint all lliiit passed lliroiigh
the iiiinil nf ('a|il«iii de Ilaldimar during Ibis iiiipurlaiil
eonfereii if the fierce chiefs ' — where find liiiigiiage to
convey llii' I'lild and thrilling horror with wliirh lie lisleiied
to the enliii diM'iission of n pliiii, the olijeel i>l whieli was
Ihe massacre, not only of a liO"t nf b'iiigsi'ndriin il In him
bv long eoiiiiiiiiiiionsbipof service, bill of lliiM.1' wliowere
wixUud lu Iu4 heart by Ui« lioirrr Uv* uf nlVu'lion ind
kindred ? As Ponteac had justly observed, the English
garrisons, strong in their own defences, were little likely
to be speedily reduced, while their cncinics confined them-
selves to overt acts of hostility ; but, against their in-
sidious professions of amity who could oppose a sufficient
caution ? His father, the young officer was aware, bad all
along manifested a spirit of conciliation towards the In-
dians, which, if followed up by the government generally
must have had the etfect ol preventing the cruel and
sanguinary war that had so recently desoiattHi this re-
mote part of the Kritisli possessions. How likely, tlicrc
fore, was it, having tliis object always in view, he sboiilil
give in to the present wily stratagem, where such plausible
motives for the abandonment of their hostile jHiriKisc were
urged by the jierfidioiis chiefs i From the few hasty liiiits
already given him by his guide, — that kind lieing, who
evidently sought to be the saviour of the deroled garri-
sons, — lie had gathered that a deep and artfiil plan was
to Ik! submitted to the chiefs by their leader ; but little
did he imagine it was of tlie finished nature it now proved
to be. Any other than the present attempt, tlie vigilance
and prudence of his experienced father, ho felt, would
have rendereil abortive ; but there was so much s|)eeious-
iiess in the pleas that were to bo advanced in fiirtheranee
of tiieir assumed object, he could not biit admit the almost
certainty of their inllucnce, even on him.
Sick and discouraged as he was at the horrible per-
s|Hctive thus fiirced on his mental view, the young officer
hail not, for some moments, presence of niiiid to retlcet
tlia' the danger of the garrison existed only so long as he
hIiouM Im,' absent from it. At length, however, the cheer-
ing reeolleetinn came, and with it the mantling rush of
blood, to his faint heart. Hut, short was the consoling
lioiK! : again he felt dismay in every fibre of bis frame;
for he now refieeled, that altJiougli bis opportune ilis.
covery of the meditated selieine would save one fort,
there was no guardian angel to extend, as iii this instance,
its protecting inlliieiieu to the other; and within that other
there bre;itlied those who were dearer liir to him than his
own cxiiitence ; — Isings, whose lives were far more pre-
cious to him I hull any even in the garrison of which lie
was a iiiemlier. His sister Clara, whom lii^ loved with a
love little inferior to that of his younger brother; and
one, even more dearly loved tiiaii Clara, — Madeline de
Ilaldimar, bis cousin .Mid affianced bride, — were bntli in-
mates of Micliilliinackinac,|whicli was commanded by the
fiither of tlie latter, a major in the regiment. With
Madeline lie Ilaldimar lie had long since exchanged his
vows of atl'ection ; and their nuptials, which were to have
taken place alioiit tlie iMiriiMl when the present war broke
out, had only been BUs|H-iided because all cominunication
ImiIwih'u the two |M)st8 had been entirely cut ott' by the
iiemy.
Captain de Ilaldimar had none of the natural weakness
and timidity of character which lielonged tg the gentler
and more sensitive ( 'liarles. .Sanguine and tiiU of enter-
prise, he seldom met evils half way ; but when they did
come, he .sought lo master them by the firmness and col-
leeleiliic.is with wliieli he opposed his mind to tlieir in-
Hii'tion. If his heart was now racked with the most
acute siitlerlng — his reason incapiicitalcd fro:!! "xcreisiiig
its calm ilelilsrative |H)wer, the seeming eoiitradietion
arose not from any defieieney in his character, but was
altriliiitalile wliidly to the extraordinary circumstances of
the moment.
ii' was a part of the profound plan of the Oltnwa chief,
thai il slioiilil Ih' essayed on the two fiirls on the limine
liny; ai.d i: was a suggestion of the iniinlerer or|Hnir
Doni lla'i, that a parley slioiild Is' oblaiiied, Iliroiigh llir
iiiediiiiii of a while Hag, theniiture of whiili be explained
to the 11, as it was uiulersloiHl aiming llieir eiieinieH. If
iiivilcil to Ihe eoimeil, then tliey were to enter, or nol, as
eiriitiiLitaiices might iiidiiee; bill, in any ease, lliey were
lo go n.iproviili'd with the pi|M' of |H'aie, since this eoiilil
nol Ih' wiiinked wilhiiiit violaliiig every thing In hi iiioHt
sacred among tlieiiiKclves. Tlie red, or war pi|s', wasXo
be siilislltiileil as if by nieiiiiiit; and, for the suceesH of
Ihe ileri pliiiii, llii'v v.ere lo prisuiiie on Ihe igiiiiraiui' of
Ilielr I'lii'inii's. 'I'liis, howevir, was not iniporlaiil, since
Ihe piriisl of llieir first parley was to Isi the moiiienl
elioM 11 liir (he arrangeinent ot a fiilnre council, anil llii'
proposal of a hnll-playlng n|Miu the ronimon. Three days
were lo Is' named as the interval Is'tweeli lliii first con.
ferriwe of I'oiileae with the governor and the definilive
coiineil which was Iji ensue ; during which, however, it
WHS HO arranged, lliat, before llie lip of a red skin should
loiicli the pipe of isace, the hull-players should rush in
iind iniisssere the imprepari'd soldiery, while the eliielH
despatched Ihe nfiieers in eiiimcil.
Il was the proxiihilv of the |ieri<Hl nUotted for the
elocution of Uieir cruel lu'hems tliot mniuly contributed
lo the dismay of Captain do Ilaldimar. The very i;m
day was appointed for carrying into efi'eet the lirnt pa,(
of the Inihan plan : and how was it possible that a mts,
senger, even admitting he should elude the vigilance of
the enemy, could reach the distant post of Michilliinaclii.
iiac witliiu the short period on which hung the destiny
of that devoted fortress. In the midst of the confuitd
and distracting inioges that now crowded on his brsin
came at length one thought, redolent with tlie brighttji
colourings of hope. On his return to the garrifion, ih«
treachery of tlie Indians being made known, the govcrnm
might so far, and with a view of gaining time, give in iq
the plan of his enemies, as to obtain such delay an wnulil
aflord the chance of conimiinication between llic forts.
The attem|)t, on tlic part of those who should be selected
for this piirjiose, would, it is true. Is; a desperate one : niJU
it must bi< made ; and, with such incentives to rxcrtion
as ho had, how willingly wonld ho propose liis om,
services !
The more he dwelt on this mode of defeating the euliilo
designs of the enemy, the more practicable did it apiiear,
Of his own safe return to the fort he entertained na ,
doubt; for he knew and relied on the Indian woiiiun, who
was bound to him by a tie of gratitude, which lier eon.
duct that night evidently denoted to be superior even to
Uie interests of her race. Moreover, as ho had approached
the encampment unnoticed while the chiefs were yd
awake to every thing around them, how little prolialiiiiiv
was there of his return lieing detected while all lay
wrapped in the most profound reixise. It is true tlint, dt
a moment, his confidence deaerted him as he reciirrwl to
the earnest dialogue of tJie two Indians, ond the euililin
ilisplay of the rope and lioot, the latter of which arllcirt
he had at once recognised to lie one of those lie had to
recently worn ; but Ilis apprehensions on that score wore
again B|ieedily set to rest, when ho refieeted, liiiil jny
sus)iicinn existed in the minds of these men that an
eiieniy was lurking near them, a gencrol alarm would
have been spread, and hundreds of warriors dc«|ialcho(i
to scour the forest.
The night was now ra|iidly waning away, and ulriadv
the cold dauip air of an autumnal morning was lieginnin;
to make itsell felt. More Uian half an hour had cLijised
sincn the departure of I'onteac ond his coni|>anioii, and
yet ( >ucanasta came not. W ith a sense of the apjiroath
of day came new and discouraging thoughts, and, for
some minutes, the mind of tlie young officer bccaine |
(M'trified with horror, as ho reflected on the hare ymi
liilily of his escape being intercepted. The more liclin.
gcred on this apprehension, llie more bcwildereil wrt I
his ideas; and already in horrible |K;rB|icctivc, he hejitld I
the destruction of his nearest and dearest fVionds,and ilr I
host of those who were humbler followers, and partakin I
in the same destiny. Alisohitely terrified with Ihe niii. [
givings of his own hearty he, in the wlldncss and niieon. I
necti'ilness of his piir|K>se, now resolved to make tlieil. [
tempt to return alone, although ho know not even Iht I
situation of the (Nitli he had so recently quitted, lie hid [
actually moved a pace forward on his des|H'rnle culir I
prine, when he felt a hand touching tho cxtenileii ana I
with which he gro]ied to find tlin entrance to bin liidlnn
place. The iinex|)ccted eollisinn Kont a cold sliiKlikil
Ihroiigh his frame; and such was the cxeilcnicnt titl
wliicli he had worked himself up, it was not willioiitilifl
fieiilty he suppressed an exclamation, that nmsl inevltaMyl
have seiilcd liis doom. The soft tone of OucaiiUHta'iitua|
re-aKKiired lo.i.
" The day will soon dawn," sho whispered ; " llie Sil
gaiiaw must go." I
With the return of lii)|io came the sense of all lieonil
lo the devoteiliiess of this kind woman. He grimiH'd llitl
hand lliiit slill lingered on Ilis nrin, pressed il aAitJ
lionalely in his own, and then placed it in sili nor on hil
throbbing heart. Tlie bri>nlhing of Oueaiia»lA iKniiil
ill i'|M'r, and the young officer fancied he could feel Iml
treiiibling with ugllatioii. .^gnin, however, mill inalnti
of more sulslueil expression, she whispered that licmiall
go. I
There was little urging necessary to induce n proMitl
eompliiuiee with the liinl. Ciiiitiinisly cnicrKinn InsI
his I'oiicenhiii'iit, Captain de Ilaldimar now folMI
1 lose ill the rear of bis guide, who ti«>k the miiip »l
eiiit of the forest to reneli the |Kitli that led limnnlflm
liirt. This they sjieedily gained, and then piiramd Ihitl
roiirse in sihiiir, until they at lengtli arrived at tlii.'li|l
where llie cxehangi" of iiioeassiiis had Is'cn iimilr.
" Here Hie Siiganaw may take breath," she "Inert
as she sealed herself on Ihe fallen tree; "the »lci|iiil'l
ri d skill is sound, and tliere Is no one upon tiie iwlhk
Ouninnstn."
Aaxiuus as ho felt to locuro hii return to tlir fon,li
WACOUSTA, OR THE PROl'HECY.
239
The very v.txl
ct tlic tirst pari
Bible tlinl a racs-
the vigilnncc of
if MicliiUiinacki-
uiig the destiny
cif the confuMil
od on Ins brain,
rith tlic brightest
the gftrriRon, tin
jwn, the gnvtrnnt
g time, give in lo
s\\ delay as would
jctween the forta.
should be wlcctei
Icspernte one : HtiU
ntivcs to (xcrlion
propose his o«n
Icfeating the «\Mk
cable did it npiirar.
entertained tn.l i
iidinn woman, »to
Ac, wliieh lur con.
le BUpcrior cvoi to
i lie had apvroachril
10 chiefs were yrt
ow little proimliilily
:ctccl while all ky
I, It is true that, k
,m as he rccnrrwl tn
ans, and the Buililin
er of wliieh arlitb
of those lie had k
IS on that score vm
3 rcficcted, luid any
these men that an
rencrnl alarm wonlii
'warriors diwiiattlittl
rig away, anil ulriaily
orning was licainnini!
fan hour had elnH
1 his connmnioii, anil
sense of the aiiproatk
ng thoughts, and, for
^oiing
oiiicer Iwcaine
on the hare \m\-
•riu' more he lin-
liorc bewildered wcrt
K,r»iicctivc, he helicM
•nrest friends, and llio
[lowers, and irarlakin
rrified with the mi>.
wiWncss and uiicMi-
olved to make tlic i|.
know not even ik
■ I nil iiii|>lie<l solicitation in the tones of lior to whom
r'oww' >* iiiiieh, that prevented Captiiin do Ilalilimnr
rroiii offering an objection, which ho Icared might lie
construed into slight.
For a moment or two the Indian remained with her
„ri,i8 folded, and her head bent over her client; and then,
iii a low, deep, but tremulous voict?, observed, —
" When tlic Saganaw saved OucanaKta t'roin periBliing
in the angry waters, there was n girl of the l>alo fiices
wKli lii"'> w'los*^ "'''" *^'''' '''*'"' *'"^ snows of tlie (.'nnadiaii
inter, and whose hair was black like the fur of the sijuir-
„| (lucanasta s.nv," she pursued, dropping her voice
vol lower, " that the Saganaw was loved by the pale girl,
■uid lur own heart was very sick, for tlie Saganaw had
sived IsT I'li'i i""' '^''^ loved him too. But she knew she
was very fiMilish, and that an Indian girl could never lie
till' wile of a haiidsoine chief of the .Saganaw ; and she
praved to Ihc Great Spirit of the rod skins to give her
; l^ifjii.rtli to overcome lier feelings; but the (Jreat f'lpirit
WHS angry with her, and would not hear her." She
i iiiiiwd a nionient, and then abruptly demanded, " Where
IS that pule girl i""' '"
Cautuiii de Haldimar had often been rallied, not only
1 |,v lii.i liMllier oHiccrs, but cvi.n by his sister and Miide-
I liiiede Ilnldiinar herself, on the eoiniuest he had evidently
uadeof tire heart of this Indian girl. The event to whieli
t flic liud alhicleil bad taken place several months previous
I lu llie breaking out of hostilities. Oiicanasta was direet-
ini; her Irail bark one evi'iiiiig, along the shores of the
I Iklroit, when a gust of wind upset the canoe, and left Its
I pilul alruggling amid the waves, t'aptain de Ilnldiirnir,
liuin hapiK'ncd to lie on tlie bank at tlio moment with his
Ifistir and cousin, was an eye-witness of her danger, and
I instantly Hew down the steep lo her assistanc(^ Heirig
|;,ncxi'elleul Bwiiiiiner, he was not long in gaining the
sjKil, wliere, exliausted with tlie exerliun she bad irrade,
■und ericiunlH'red with her awkwnril niaelieeoti, lln^ iHxir
li.irl uiLs idriady on the |ioint of perishing. Itut for his
Itinii'ly .i!<:<istaiiee, indeed, she must have sunk to the bot-
llnin; and, since that [leriiKl, the grateful being hud been
liiiiarked for the strong but mn^xpressed attaeliment slie
lltll fur her deliver. I'his, however, was the first mo.
Jmnt t'aptn ■ 'i> " ddimar lieeiime aei|iiainted with the
I'lloiil of f« ' owal of which not a little slaitUd
liiiil siirprisi'd, innoyed liiin. The last (pieslioii,
linwcKr, sngc ' 'light that kindled every fibre ol'
iiis N'iiig int> . .uiuy, — Oiicanasta might Iw the
aviour ol' those lie hivi'd ; and he lJ;!t that, if time were
lilt atfiiriled her, she would. Ho rose from the log,
iro|i|>ed on oin' knee betcire the. Indian, sei/.ed liolh her
luii.-s willi e.'.geriiess, and then in toiiiw of eai.iest siip-
iliiiilicin Hhis|HTed, —
"Onona.Ht I is right : the pale girl wiili the sUiu like
iiw, and hair like the fur of the squirrel, is the bride ol'
■ .Sagaiiiiw. liong U^fore he .saved the life oft liieanasia,
knew and IovihI that pale girl. She is dearer to tin
^.iniiw tlinii his .iwii blood; hut she is In the fort 1h'-
•ml till' iJieul lake, and the tomahawks of the red skins
, know not >"" " . ■,|l destroy her ; for the warriors of that fort have no one
nlly q">"''"' " I ■lU 11 llieiii of their danger. 'W'liat says the red girl .' will
Ins des|Hratc cniii. « ^^^^ I ^^^^.^, ^j^^, |j^.^,^ ^^^^^^ ^j^l^,|. ^^^^j „|^^ ^^,.^^, ^^^■^^^^,
hff tho extended ira
itrnnco to bin l"*"!
ont B cold sill*'
J tho cxeitciiioiit l«l
WBBnotwillimitilill
, that must iuevilabljl
'of Ouconasta'sviMl
whispered; "ilicSil
, ^.nueof alllK"!"^!
|„n. negrnsH*!
In., presMd it «fc|
l,\ it insiltiiwoiifc»l
If Otieanasla Ui-iml
Id he eoul.l M m
hwever. andinali"!
|,isperedlli.tlKini*|
to inJ"'"'' " I"""'!
Rii.ly einerHinu H
■jiiuar now ("H""
,. look the •omi' *|
Ithal led <"«»'''',^,
|,1 then piir.iii' W
Ith arrived at ^ «l|
Id U'en in««''
nib," she nter
,.; "thesW"'"'
J,,' upon Uic l»l"
^urnJoll"''''"''''
■ l!"
SJiinw."
riie hrrallilng of the Indian breaine deeper; and
|.ijilaMide lluldiiiiar fancied sliu sighed lioavlly, av she
jiliid,—
|"ihieai'.nNla la but a weak woman, nml hor Ibrt are
kfnirt like llioseof a riiniinr among tho red skins;
liluhat the Su|;aiiaw asks, itir his sake slie will try.
Iini ulio luM seen him salb lo his own fort, slin v.ill
liaml |iirpnra herself for the junniey. 'I'hn pale girl
lill lay her bead on the Ikikoiii of Ibn Hagnnaw, and
piianista will try li> rojoieo in her happiness,"
lln the li'rvnnr of bis grallliide, the yoiiiig ollieor
|ii)!lil till' drmiping form of tho generous Indian wildly
lliMlicurt; Ills ll|is pi'ossi'd hers, and during the kiss
liil liilliiwed, the heart of llio latter bounded oiiil
liiili >eil, i;s if it would have passed fioili her own into
fIkwiiii III' her eoinpaiiion.
I.Neviir was a kiss less piemedllalpd, h'ls unrbasle,.
litilniio, mil iHisHJon. had called it liirtli ; and had
Lilrliriii de lluldiiiiar been nnur at the momoiil, tlie
^linifllinl hud iinpelled tho seeming iiilidelilv tn hen-
Iniinld lia\e iHien legarded as an additional claim on
u'ili'ellun. On (he whole, however, it was a iiiosl
IliiiluHnle and ill-llnied kiss, and, as is oOeii the ease
liirr miih eireiimstiiiices, led lo tho ilownliill of the
iinaii. Ill tliu vivueity of his eiiiliraee, I'uptniii de
^tliniir hiid drawn his giiida,ao llir furivard ii|«in the
llnit the liirt her hnlaiicu, uiid fell with a heavy and
liilrralin^ I'luiib iiiiiiing the leaves and dried sticks
ll Wftn sirewed tliickly aiouiid,
Scarcely a second elapsed when tho ibrcst was alive
with human yells, that fell acliingly on tlio ears ol
both; and lioundiiig warriors were board on every hand,
rapidly dividing the dense underwood tlicy eiicountorcd
in their pursuit. Quick as thought the Indian had re-
gained her feet. She grasped the hand of her companion ;
and hurrying, though not without caution, along the
path, again stood on tho brow of the ravine tbroiigb
which tlipy had previously passed.
" Tho Saganaw must go alone," she whispered. " Tho
red skins are close upon our trail, but tlicy will find only
an Indian woman, when they cxiiect a palo face. Uuc.i-
nasta will save her friend."
Captain de llaldiinar did as he was desired. Clinging
to the bushes that lined the face of tlio precipitous de-
scent, he managed onco more to gain the bed of the ra-
vine. For a moment he paused to listen to the sounds
of his pursuers, whoso Ibotstops were now audible on
tho eminence be had just i|uitted; and then, gutlicring
himself up ii>r the leap that was tn enable him to clear
the rivulet, he threw himself heavily forward. His feet
alighted U|)on an elevated and yielding substance, that
gave way with a crashing sound that echoed far and
near throngliout the forest, and be felt himself secured
as if in a trap. Although despairing of osca|ic, he
groped with his hands to diseovor what it was that thus
detained him, and tumid he had fallen thruigb a bark
eanoo, the bottom of which had been turned upsvards.
Tho heart of the fugitivu now sunk within him : there
could be no doubt that his retreat was intercepted. The
eanoo bad liccii placed there since he last passed through
tlin ravine : and it was evident, from the close and tri-
umphant yell that followed the rending of the frail bark,
such a result had boon anticipated.
Stunned as ho was by the terrific eries of tho savages,
and confused as were his ideas. Captain de Ualdiiimr
had still presence of mind to perceive the path itself of.
fered him no further security. He thernforc quitted it
altogether, and struck, in an oblique direction, up the
op|iosite face of tlio ravine. Scarcely bad bo gone twenty
yards, wlien ho heard tho voices of several Indians con-
versing earnestly near tho eanoo he had just quilted;
nnd presently altcrwards he could distinctly hear theni
ascending the opposite brow of the ravine by the path
he had recently congratulated himself on having ahiin-
doiied. To advance or to rocodo was now C(|ually im-
practicable ; lor, on every side, ho was begirt by enemies,
into whoso hands a single false stop must inevitably be-
tray him. What would be mil have given tor the pre-
soneo of Oucunaala, wlio was so capable of advising him
ill this dillienlty ! but, from the niomcnl of his deseuMid-
ing into llie ravine, he had utterly lost sight of her.
The sjKit on which ho now rested was covered with
thick brnsliwooil, closely interwoven at their tops, but
affording snflleieiit space beneath for a temiiorary close
eoneoalmeiit; so that, unless soino Indian sliould tuncli
him with his (ihiI, there was little seeming probability
of his being discovered by the eye. Ihider this he crept,
and lay, bieatlihss and motionless, with bis head raised
from tlieground,and liisearon tlieBtretcli ibr the slightest
noise. Kor several minutes lie roniaiiied in this posit hin,
vainly seeking to caleli the sound of a voice, or the lall
of a t'lKilstep; but tho niost deallilike silence bad sne-
eecdod to tho fierce yelliii;;s lliat had so roeently rent
the forest. At times he faneieil ho could distinguish
fall.*, noises in the direction of tlin encainpmenl ; and so
certain was'lie ol'lliis, ho at len|;th e.-iiiio lo tho eonelii-
siun that the Indi'iiis, either hatlled in their search, Inid
reliiiipiislied the pursuit, or, linviiig encountered Oiuu-
iiasla, had iH'en thrown on a dlll'erent scent. Ills firsi
nlontioii had been to lie eoneealed iiiilll the following
night, when the warriors, no longer on the alert, slionlil
louve the path oiiio more open to liiiii; but now that the
eonvietidii of their loliirn was stnmg on his inilid. In
changed bis delerniiiiation, residving (n make tbn best
of lii.i wav to the furl with the aid of tho ap|miaehiiig
dawn. \Villi Ibis view be partly withdrew his Isnly
from iK'iiealb ils i anopy of iinderwiMid; but, searei ly
bad he ihiiiu so, when a liiiiidred toiigiios, like the bay-
ing of so many bluiMlhoiinds, again rent llin air willi
their wild eries, wliieli seemed lo rise up frnm (he teiy
IkivvcIs of the earth, and oloso tu tlio appalled oar of the
young ullieer.
Senreely eonseions nf what ho did, Captain dc Haldi-
mar grasped one of his pistols, liir liu I'uneied ho felt tho
hilt hreiilliing of linnian lilii U|hiii his elieok. With a
sickly Neiisalioii of tear, ho tiirnnd lo satisfy liimsell
whellier it was not an illusion of his lioaled iinugiim-
lion. What, liowe\er, was his dismay, when hw Ixdield
liondiiiK over liiiii a dark ami lionvy Ibnii, the uutlinu ol
which alone was distinguishable in the deep gloom in
which the ravine remained enveloped! Desperation was
in tho heart of llio excited oiiicer : ho cocked his |iistol ;
but scarcely had the sharp ticking sound lloatcd on tho
air, when he Jt a powerful hand U|)on bis chest; and,
with as much facility us if he bad been a child, was ho
raised by that invisible hand tu his feet. A dozen war-
riors now sprang to tho assistance of their comrade,
when tho whole, having disurinod and bound their pri-
soner, led him back in triumph to their encampment.
CHAPTER XIX.
The fires of the Indians were now nearly extinct ; but
the faint light of the fast dawning day threw a ghastly,
sickly, hue over the couiilenances of the savages, which
rendered them even more tiTritic in their war paint.
The chiefs grouped themselves imiiiediately around their
prisoner, while the inferior warriors, forniiiig an outer
circle, stood leaning their dark tonus n|Kin their rilles,
and following, with keen and watchful eye, evi .-y inove-
iiient of their captive. Hitherto tho unlijitnn.iie olliecr
bud been too niiieli engrossed by his despair to pay any
immediato attention tu the individual who had first dis.'
covered mid seized liiiii. It was uiitlicient for him to
know all hope of the safety of the garrison had perished
with his captivity : anil, with that recklessness of lifo
whiili olltn springs finiu the very conseioiisness of
inability to preserve it, he now sullenly awaited the death
wliieh he ex|M'eted at each moment would be inllietcd.
Suildenly his ear was startled by an interrogatory, in
Knglish, iVom one who stood behind him.
With a movement of surprise. Captain do Ilahliinar
turned to exnniine his questioner. It was the dark and
feroeinns warrior who had exhibited the scalp of his ill-
fated servant. For a liniment the (illieer fixed his eyes
Hrinly and mishrinkiiigly on those of the savage, seeking
lo reconcile the contradiction that existed iHtwein his
ilress and features and the purity of the Knglish he had
jnst spoken. The other saw his dril), and, unpatient of
the scrutiny, ugnin re|M'ated, as he fiercely pulled tho
strong lenthern thong by which the prisoner now luund
hinisrlf sreur.ed lo his girdle, —
" Who and what are you I — whence come you ? — and
for what prnqsise are you here ?" 'J'hen, as if struck by
some sudden recolleetinn, he laid his bund n|ioii tho
shoulder of his victim ; and, while his eyi^ grew iqion hin
li.'ntnres, he pursued, in a tone of vehenienee, — " lla! by
heaven, I should know that face 1 — the cursed lines of the
blood of De Hahlimai are stanqs'il upon that brow ! Hut
slay, one proof and I am satisfied." While he yit spoke ho
ihishedthe menial hat of his captive to the earth, put asidii
his hair, and then, with fiendish exultation, pursued, — " It
is even so. Do you rceidh ct the liatth; ol the plains of
Abraham, Captain de Ilaldimnr ! — Itecidlect you thu
French oHieer who aimed so desperately at your lifi',
and whost! object was defeated by a soldier of your regi.
mint ! I am that oiiicer ; my vielim esen|H'd me then, but
not for ever. The hour of vengeance is nearly now ar-
rived, and your captiiri^ is the pledge of my sureeiiN.
Hark, how the dealh-ery of all bis haled ratu will rin^
ill madness on your lather's ear!"
Ama/enii III, stupel'aetiini, and horror, filled the mind
of the wretched idheer at Ibis exlruordinary declaration.
He perleelly ret'ollected that the individual who had
evinei'd so iiineh personal hostility on the occasinii
alluded lo, was indeed a man wearing the French iini-
fiiriii, pllliough at llie head of a band of savages, and of a
stature and strenglh similar In those of him who now m>
fieri! ly avowed liimsell' the bitter nnd deadly foe of nil
his race. If Ibis were so, and his tone nnd language left
little room for ilmibl, the donm of the ill-fated garrison
was iiidei'il irrevoenlily seated. This mysterious eneiiiy
evidently |«issesM d greal inllnrnee in llie eouneils of the
Indians: and while thelinl breath of his liutred eontinned
to fan III!' Ilaine of fierce hostility lliiil bud been kindled
ill llie biiMini of roiilene, wliiwe partieiihir friend he
appi lied lo be, there would Is' no end to the alroeilh's
tliiit iiiiisl liilliiw. (ireal, however, us was llie disliiay of
Ca plain tie jl.ildimar, who, exiiiiiinli il willi llie nd\( nlures
of the niirht, presenleil u ghastly liiiai>e of an.viity and
faligne, il was inipossihle for him to repress the feelingn
of inili|rnalion with which tho language of this llercv
man had inspired him,
" If you are in nuilily a French idlher," he said, " nnd
not an Knglishiiian, as yonr nceent woidd ih note, thu
seiilimeiits you have now iivnwed may well justify llio
Is'lief, that yon have Is'eii driven with Ignoniiny from a
Bcrviee which your presence iniist eternally ban. djs-
graied. 'I'lieri' is no eonnlry ill l')uro|M' that whiild
willingly eliiiiii you Ibr its suhjecl. Nay, e\en the invn^
: :i<-..' ■■Mm
,' • ('>' ..■•■ i • ••■I
l'»
;,'/*i
*,'.r
'•'i;'
*■>'
M
240
WACOUSTA, OK THE PROPHECY.
■Ki
t*,''"
r.^
't'^r'
1* n\
.i./'ilV
race, with whom you arc now connected, would, if ap-
prised of your true nature, spurn you as a thing unworthy
to herd even with their wolf-dogs."
A fierce sardonic laugh burst from the lips of the
warrior, but this was so mingled witli rage as to give an
almost devilish expression to his features.
" Ignominy — ignominy !" he repeated, while his right
liand played convulsively with the handle of his toma-
liawk ; " is it for a I)c Haldimar to taunt me with igno-
miny / Fool I" ho pursued, after a momentary pause,
" you have sealed your doom." Then abruptly tguitling
the handle of his weapon, he thrust his linnd into his
IwHoui, and again drawing forth the reeking scalp of
Uonellau, he dashed it furiously in the face of his prisoner.
" Not two hours since," he exclaimed, " I cheered myself
with the thought that the scalp of a Dc Haldimar was in
my pouch. Now, indeed, do I glory in my mistake. The
torture will be a moie titti.ig death for you."
Had an arm of the insulted soldlef Ih'CH at liberty, the
offence would not have gone unavenged even there; lor
Buch was the desperation of his heart, that he felt he
could have hugged the death struggle with his insolent
captor, notwithstanding the fearful odds, nor quitted him
until one or botli should have paid the debt of fierce
enmity with life. As it was lie could only betray,
by his flashing eye, excited look, and the impatient play
of his foot upon the ground, the deep indignation that
cunsimied his heart.
'I'hc tall sav.-.gc exulted in the mortification he had
awakened, and as his eye glanced insolently from liead
to foot along his cniMny, its expression told how nmch
he laughed at the impotence of his anger. Suddenly,
liowi'vcr, a change passed over his features. The mo-
cassin of the olKeer had evidently attracted his attention,
mid he now dei'ianded, in a more serious and imiwrative
tone, —
" ila ! what means this disguise ? Who is tho wretch
whom I have slain, mistaking him for a nobler victim ;
and how comes it that on officer of the Knglish garrison
appears here in the garb of a servant ! By heaven, it is
8o I you are come as a spy into the camp of the Indians
to sti'al away thu councils of the chiefs. S|ieak, wliat
have you heard ?"
With these questions returned the calm and self.|>os-
Rcssion of tho olficcr. lie at once saw the im|iortance
of his answer, <m which hung not merely his own last
fuinl chance of safety, but that also of his generous dc-
livcrer. Struggling to subdue the disgust which he felt
at holding converge with this atrocious monster, he
asked in turn, —
"Am I then tho only one whom the warriors have
overtakcTi in their pursuit '"
" There was a woman, tiie sister of that boy," and lie
p«int"d contemptuously to the young chief who had bo
recently assailed him, and who now, in eonimon vi\\.\\ his
followers, stood impatiently listening to a colloipiy that
was unintelligible to all. " Sjieak truly, was lite not
the traitress who conducted you here I"
" Mad you found me here," returned the officer, with
difficulty repressing his fillings, " there might have been
Bomo ground for tlie assertion ; hut surely fhe eiiuneils
of the cliiels ennld not lie overheard at the distant point
at wh'ch you discovered me."
" W!iy then were you there in this disguise? — and
who is he," again holding up the bloody scalp, "wilom I
have desimiled of this /"
"'I'here are (I'W of the Ottawa Indians," relumed
Captain de Haldimar, "who are ignorant I once saved
that young womnn's life. Is it llii^n so very extraordi.
iiaryau nitacliment slinulil have U'sn the conseipienee }
The man whom you slew was my servant. I had brought
him out with mc for protection during iny interview
with the woman, and I exchanged my uniform with
liiih for the same purpose. There is nothing in this,
however, lo warrani llii' supisisilion of my being a spy."
During the delivery of these morc^ than equivocal
nentences, which, however, he filt were fully justified by
rircumsliinie.*, the young officer li:id struggled to appear
calm and eonfiileiil ; but, iles|iite of his exertions, his
cnr.Heiiiusness caused his cheek to colour, and his eyr to
twinkle, benealh the searching glance of his leroeious
enemy. The latter thrust his hand into his chest, and
iilnvtly drew forth thn ro|K< he had previnUHJy exhihitrd
to Ponteae.
" Do you think me a fool, Captain de Haldimar," he
observed sneeringly, "that you ex|«!ct so paltry a tale to
Iw pnlmi'd sueeesslidly im my iinderslanding ' An
F.nglisli olfieer is not very likely to run the risk of break-
ing Ills iiiek by having rci^niirse to sneh a me.ins of exit
frmn a iMsieged garrison, merely to intrigue with an
Inilisn woman, when there arc ploiiiy of soldiers' wives
within, and that too at an hour when he knows the
scouts of his enemies arc prowling in the neighbourhood.
Captain de Haldimar," he concluded, slowly and delibe-
rately, " you hav lied."
Dcs]>itc of the hst insult, his prisoner remained calm.
The very observation that had just been maile afforded
him a final hope of exculpation, which, if it benefited
not himself, might still be of service to tlie generous
Oucanasta.
"The onus of such language," he observed coolly and
with dignity, " falls not on him to whom it is addressed,
but on liiin who utters it. Yet one who professes to have
lieen himself a soldier, must sec in this very circumstance
a proof of my innocence. Had I been sent out as a spy
to reconnoitre the movements, and to overhear the coun-
cils of our enemies, the gate would have been open tor
my egress ; but that rojie is in itself an evidence I must
have stolen forth unknown to the garrison."
Whether it was that the warrior had bis own particular
reasons for attaching truth to this statement, or tliat be
merely pretended to do so, I'aptain de Haldimar saw
with secret satisfaction his last argument was conclusive.
" Well, be it so," retorted the savage, while a ferocious
smile passed over his swarthy features ; " but, whether
you have been- here as a spy, or have merely ventured
out in prosecution of an intrigue, it matters not. Before
the sun has travelled fur in thu meridian you die ; and
tlie tomahawk of your father's deadly foe— of — of — of
Wacousto, as I am colled, shall be tlic first to drink your
blood."
The officer made a final effort at mercy. " Who or
what you are, or whence your hatred of my family, I
know not," he said ; " but surely i have never injured
you : wherelbre, then, this insatiable thirst for my blood ?
If you are, indeed, a ('hristian and a soldier, let your
heart lie touched with humanity, and jjrocure my resto-
ration to my friends. You once attempted my life in
honourable combat, why not wait, then, until a fitting op-
|K)rtunity shall give not a bound and defcneclcss victiui
to your steel, but one whose rchistancc may render him
a coii<iuest worthy of your arm ?"
" What ! and bu balked of the chance of my just re-
vinge ? Hear me, Ca|)tuin de Haldimar," he pursued,
in tliat low, quick, deep tone tliat told all the strong ex-
citiMiient of his heart ; — " 1 have, it is true, no particular
enmity to yourself, further than that you are a De Hal-
dimar ; but hell does nut supply u feeling half so bitter
as my enmity lo your proud fiither : and months, nay
years, have I passed in the ho|)e of such an hour as this.
For this have I forsworn my race, and become — what
vou now behold me — a savage both in garb and character.
But this m.ntters not," he continiieil, fiercely and im-
patiently, "your doom is scaled; and before another sun
has risen, your stern lather's ga7.e shall lie l)laste<l with
the sight of the mangled carcass of his first born. Ha !
ha! ha!" and he laughed low and cxultingly, "even
now I tliink I see him withering, if heart so hard can
wither, beneath this proof of my undying hate."
" Fiend !— monster ! — devil!" exclaimed the excited
officer, now losing sight of all considerations of prudence
in the deep horror inspired by his capfor: — " Kill me —
torture me — commit any cruelty on me, if such 1k' yiair
savage will ; but outrage not humanity hy the lulfilinent
of your last disgusting threat. Sutler not afathir's heart
to l)e agonised — a father's eye to he blasted — with a view
of the mangled remains of him to whom he has given
life."
-Again the savage rudely pulled the thong that Immid
his prisoner to his girdle, and removing his tomahawk
from his belt, and holding its sullied |H>int close under
the eye of the former, exclaimed, as he iK'iit eagerly over
him, —
" See yon this, Captain dc Haldimar? At the still hour
of inidmghl, while you had abaitdoned your guard to
rivel in the arms of your Indian Is'auly, 1 stole Into the
forf hy means of the same rcqs^ that yon hi^d used ni
iiuilfiiig if. rnsei n by the seiiliiicls I gaiiM'il your
father's apartnienl. It was the first timi we had mil
fir twenty years, and I do Islieve that had Ibe very
di'vil presented himself in my place, he would have Ihiii
recrived with fewer marks of horror. Oh, how that
proud mim's eye twinkled Is'tieath this gliltiring bludi I
lie attempted" lo call out. but my look paralysed hU
tongue, and lobl drops of sweat stole rapidly ilown his
brow and cheek. Then it was that my simih! hinrf
once more beat with the inloxieation of triumph. Viiur
fiithei was alone and iiniirmeil, and throughout the fori
not a sound was to U) heurd, save the distant triad of
the sentinels. I could have laid him dead at my feel nt
a single blow, and yet have secured my retrent. Hut no,
(hut wni not my niijoct. 1 caino to ttiunt him with the
promise of my revenge — to tell him the hour of m)'
triumph was approaching fast; and, ha!" he concluded
laughing hideously as he passed his large rude hand
tlirough the wavy hair of the now uncovered otHcer
" this i.~, indeed, a fair and unexpected first earnest aift^
full redemption of my pledge. No— no I" he continued
as if talking to himself, "he must not die. Tantaliis-llkc'
he shall have death ever apparently within his ^ntn-
but, until all his race have perished before his cyos, he
shall not attain it." '
Hitherto the Indians had preserved an attitude of calir
listening to tlic interrogatories put to tho prisoner with
that wonder and curiosity with which a savage iKunj^
hear a language difi'erent from their own ; and inorkinrr
the several emotions tliat were elicited in the course rii'
the animated colloquy of the pale faces. Gruduallr
however, they became impatient under its duration ; an'ij
many of them, in tho excitement produced by the licrtf
manner of him who was called Wacousta, fixed tijiit
dark eyes upon the captive, while they gras|)cd tt
handles of their tomahawks, as if they would have dis.
puted with the former the privilege of dying his weaprj
first in his blood. When they saw the warrior hold an
his menacing blade to the eye of his victim, while !» I
passed his hand through the redundant hair, tliey ntonef I
inferred the sacrifice was about to be completed, ami
rushing furiously forward, they bounded, and lcopcd,aoi| I
yelled, and brandished their otvn weapons in the luon I
apjuUing manner. I
Already had the unhappy officer given himself upfoi)
lost ; fifty bright tomoliawks were playing about his hrsd |
at the same instant, and deutli — that death whieh » I
never without terror to the young, however brave thu I
may be in tlie hour of generous conflict — seemed li I
have arrived at last. He raised his eyes to heaven, eon. |
mitting his soul to his God in the same silent prayer thu I
he offered up for the preservation of his friends ujl
comrades ; and then bending them upon the earth, tuii.[
moncd all his collcctedness and courage to sustain hin I
through the trial. At the ver^ moment, however, whu I
he ex|iectcd to feel the crashing steel witliin liisbnii,!
he felt himself again violently pulled by the tliongthiil
secured his hands. In tlie next instant he was |>rctd|
close to the chest of his vast enemy, who, with onriml
encircling his prisoner, and tlie other brandishing hii I
fierce blade in rapid evolutions round his head, kept Uitl
the yelling bond at bay, with tho evident unshaken*!
termination to maintain his sole and acknowledged riilii|
to the dis|iosal of his captive. [
For several moincnts the event appeared doubtful ; \s)\
notwithstniiding his extrcino agility in tiie nw of il
weo|ioii, in tho management of which ho evinced all li»I
ilexterity of tho most practised native, the odds «m|
fearfully against Wacousta ; and while his flaslmij^fnl
and swelling chest betrayed his purpose rather to {leni)!
himself than suffer tho infringement of his claim, i
was evident that numbera must, in the end, |irrtii
against him. On an appeal to Ponteae, liouevrM
whieh ho now suddenly liethought himself, the nulliorit
of the latter was successfully exerted, and he was ajii
left in the fiill and undisturlied possession of his |irlm«il
A low and earnest conversation now ensued aiix
the chiefs, in which, as before, Wacousta bore a |irii«i
iml part. When this was termiuoted, several him
appriMH hed the unhappy olfieer, and unfnstinuii; t
thong with which his hands were firmly and rvcnpu
fully girl, deprived him both of coat, waistcoat nnil iliJ
He was then bound a second time in the same niiniK
his body besmeared with |>aint, and his head sn AvpaA
as to give him the carieatiire semblance of nn InJaJ
warrior. When these preparations were e«iii|'letiil,lj
was led to the tree in wliieh ho had licen nreviiiu«lyo
eenlid, and tliere firmly secured. Meanwliile AVacoim
at the head of a numerous band of warriors, had i!r|iiili
once more in the direction of the fort.
With the rising of the sun now vanished iill tnmf
the mist that had fitllen since the early hours of iinmi^
leaving Ihi^ unfortunate officer ample leisure to tm
the <litlli'ulties of his (Mwition. He had faneird, I'ninillj
eour.se taken hy his guide the previous ni|;ht, thill
plain or oasis, as we have elsewhere tennrd it, layiilll
very heart of the forest; hut that route now |irotr^l
have U'cn circuitous. The tree lo whieh In' »a< li
was one of a slight Is'll, sepnrnling 111" eiieanipiuiiilli^
the o|M'n grounds which extended towards the rivrrj
whieh was so thin and seallerrd nn thni side iis In I
the clear silver waters of the Detroit visihle at liiliti
I III, what would he not Imve given, nl that cIki riri('4
to Ihive had his limlis free, and his chance nf lilii
•III the swiftness of his flight ! While he had lmi{^
himself Is'girt by interminable furvft,h«iVltuonr>ll
the hour of ni!'
i!" he concluded,
large rude hand
uncovered officor,
first earnest of the
10 '." he continued,
die, Tantalus-likc,
within his (rratp;
before his cyce, he
an attitude of calir,
1 the prisoner Willi |
;h a savage people
own J and inurkiii!;
cA in the course ot'
faces. Graduallt,
cr its duration ; aiid
educed by the (ieree
acousta, fixed lliiit
e they grosiK-d ih; |
they would have dis.
of dying his wcapin
the warrior hold ap
his victim, while Ik
ant hair, tliey nt onee I
) be completed, am)
nded, and leaped, anl
weapons in uic moit |
given himself up foil
)laying about his lirid I
-tliat death whieh « I
•, however brave the; I
B conflict — seemed to I
IS eyes to heaven, com. I
larao silent prayer thil I
on of his friends mil
:i upon the earth, sum- 1
:ourago to sustain bin I
loment, however, whdl
steel within hisbnit,!
luUcd by the thong On; I
instant he was ftmil
my, who, with onciral
3 other brandishing 111 I
jund his head, keptlkl
c evident unshaken dtT
and acknowledged li^l
^umiPi^^o ^as^®®^^ ®i^©wii^^iw® mi®m^:iT
<i
\Oh. !•
PIIILAOELPIIIA, Al'ItlL 30, 1833.
KO. 10.
I'ltisTKo A?<D PrBi.isiiBit BY ADAM WAI.UIK, No. (i, NniiTii Eiuii'iu STitttsT, riuLAi)Ct.i>iiiA — Al j^^ I'or 5:i! nuiiilKf;^, |i(iyulite in ailvuiien.
rilEOMX N. WOOD & CO. UooKaEitERS, BaltimorI!, ore Agents for the stntea of Maryland, Virginia, nnil Ohio, ami the city of New Orleans.
verv thoii;'!it to ehuln llioso who were, in Romo dejrpc,
Iho deili<'.s of that wild secnc, must he paralysed in it.s
first conception. Hut liorn wns the vivilying picture of
fiviliscd nature. Corn fields, nitliniigh trodden down and
destroyed— <I«'^'"'"S lion-ses, allhough hurnt or dilapidal-
.j_|ol(l of the c.\istenee ol' those who were of the sur7ie
ncc with himself; and nntwithstimding tliese had perish.
ed even ns lie must perish, still there was something in thi'
aspect of tlie very ruins iii' Ihiir habitations which, con.
trusted v» 'Hi l''" solemn gloom of the forest, carried a
ninincntiiry and indofiinblo consolation to his spirit.
Then tinie was the ripe and teeming orcliard, and the
low whitewnshed cabin of the Canadian peasant, to whom
the offices of charity, and the duties of humanity, were
no strangers ; nuci who, although the secret enemies of
his country, had no motive for iwrsonal hostility towards
liiniselt". Then, on the river itself, even at that early liour,
was to Iw seen, fastened to the long stake driven mto its
bed or secured by the rude anchor of stone npi)cndc(l to
a e,iblu of twisted bark, the light canoe or clumsy pcria-
rua of the pciisaiit fisliermiin, who, ever and anon, drew
111) from its deep bosom whatever tenant of these waters
n'iL'ht chance to afli.x itself to the traitorous hook. It is
Iriu' tlinl '"^ ^'''^^ "'' tbcsc objects was only occasional
and indistinct ; but his intimate acquaintance with the
loenlitics beyond brouglit every thing before Captain do
IluKlimar's cyo ; and rvcn while he figlucl to think they
Hire lor ever cut otf from his roach, he already, in idea,
fjllowcd the course of lli;,'lit he should pursue wcro the
power but all'orded him.
From this train of painful and exciting thouglit the
wretched Ciiptivo was arou-iid, by a faint but continued
yelling m n distant part nf the forest, and in the dircrtion
lliat had been taken by \V;iceiusta ami his warriors. Tlien,
nllrr a sliort interval, curiio the loud booming of the can.
non of the i'ort, carried on with a s|)irit and promptitude
that loll! of some pressing and ilangcrcms emergency, and
fainter afterwards the sharp shrill rr|M)rts of the rifles,
k'nrini; uvieleiiee the savages were already in close colli-
«ion with the garrison. Variinis wore tho conjectures
that |iiis.sed rapidly through the mind of the young olR-
I eer, during a firing tliat had called almost every Indian
in llie ene!iiii|>inent nway to the scene of action, save the
two or tlirei! young Ottnwiia who had bee'U left to guard
his own per.sou, nnd who l.iy \x\Mn the sward near him,
with head erect nnd ear sharply set, listening to the
flarllin;' sounds of conlliel. What tho motive of the
hiirrieifileparturc of the Indians was he knew not ;'bul
he h:iil coiiiectured thi' object of the tierre Wacousia was
til wssis.i himself of the imil'orm in whieh his wretchi'd
I iptviint was elothed, that no mistake might occur in his
1 idinlity, when its tni<' owner sliould \x exhibited in it
within view of the fort, mangled and disfigured, ii
I the nianniT lliat fierce anil iiiy.-itirious man had already
I tlinalineil. It was execcdiogly probable the Isxly of
iDnnellan had been mistaken fiir his own, nnd that in tlii
I anxiety of his filher to prevent the Imlians Irom carry
liiii; it olV, till' eamnm had bei'ii directed to o|K'n upon
lllirin. Kill if this were Ilie- ease, linw were the reports
Inrtlie rilhs, and the fierce yelliugs that continued, save
lal inliTvals, to ring thrmiirbcmt the forest to Im' neemmteel
Ifijr' The bullits of the Indians evideiilly coubl not
Ireirh the tin I, and they wen' loo wilv, and attaelied lo(
Inineh value to their amiuiiiiitioii, to ri..ik a shot that was
Iwas noteerl lisi of carrying a wmmd with it. Kor a mo-
liniiil the I'ael itself llaslieil across his ininil, and he at-
Itnliiiteil till' llie of SMI, ill arms to the altae!; and deli'iiei
Ifif I; party thai had Immmi sent out for the purpose ol seeiir
jiii; llie h.iily, «M|i|«i'n'd Im belii.HowiiJ yet, if so, again
llimv wiis he to Meei>uiit fiir his not lieaiiiig the re|Mivt
sinele nnisket ? His ear was tiKi well practised lint to
|iiimv the wliiir|i eraek of the rifle from tin' heavy ilii
fliirlian'i' of llii^ inuNkit, mill as yet the liieiner only li.iil
nen ilistiierni- liiible, amid lln' iiilei vols that eii«iieil Ih'-
|»rin eieli siilli II IsMniiiiig of lliii eiiimuii. While tlii>
|ni|ircwioii eoiiliniied mi llie iiiiiiil of llie uiniiius ollieer,
niiljlil, with the avidily of des|ieration, nl lb" faint
jiml iinproliiible idea Ihal his eumpiiiiioiis inii.;lil !><> able
i|i(nilrate to bis pliiee orioiKe.ilmenI, and proeiire his
lihiritiimi hut wIm'II he Oiiiiid the firing, inslenl nl'draw-
jni; iirariT, whs eiiiniied to the same H|Hil,niiil even more
ieraly kept u|i bv tin' Imlians towards the cbisr, he
Itia itave wny to Ills ile<pair, and resit'iiing himself In
yi< fall', no longer soiighl eoiiifiirl in vniii s|X'i'uIiilitiii n»
M:« iii;liii:s — Iti
to its. eiiiise. His ear now caught the report of the last
shell as it exploded, and then all was still and hushed, as
if what ho hud so recently heard was but a dream.
The first intimation given him of the return of the
savages was the death howl, set up by the women within
tlie encampment. Captain do Haldimar turned his eyes,
instinct with terror, towards the scene, nnd beheld the
warriors slowly issuing from the ojiposite side of the
forest info tlie plain, and bearing in silence the dead nnd
stiffened forms of those who ha<' l)ceii cut ilown by the
destructive firo from the fort. Their mien was sullen
and revengeful, nnd more than one dark and gh^aiiiing
eye did he encounter turned upon him, w i'li an expres-
sion that seemed to say a separate torture should nvcnge
the death of each of their tlillen comrades.
The early part of the morning wore away in prepara-
tion for tho interment of the slain. 'I'hese were placed
in rows under the council shed, where tlicy were attend-
cd by their female relatives, who composed the features
and confined the limbs, while the gloomy warriors dug,
within the limit of the encanipmenl, rude graves, of u
depth just sufTieienl to receive the body. When these
wcio completed, the dead were dejiosited, with the usual
sujR'rstitious ceremonies of these people, in their Kivcral
receptacles, after wliich a mound of earth was thrown up
over each, and the whole covered with round logs, so dis-
po.scd ns to form a tonih of Hemicireiilar shape: at the
iie-ad of each grave was finally planted a pole, bearing
vacuus devices ill )iaint, intended to illustrate the war-
like aehicveiiients of the defunel parties.
Captain de Haldimar had followed the courso of those
proceedings with a beating heart; for too |)laiiily linil he
read in the dark and threatening maimer both of men
and woHien, that the retribution about to be wreaked upon
irnself would be terrible indeed. Rlueh r.s he chmg to
li.'e, and bitterly Jis he iiiouriied his early cutting otVfrom
he alfeetions hitherto identified with bis existence', his
wretchedness would have been lews, hud he not been
overwhelmed by the conviction that, with him, must
|H!rish every chance of the sali ty of those, the bare reeol-
Icclion of whom inaile the bitterness of death evcm more
bitter. Harrowing as were these reflections, he felt that
immediate destruction, since it coidd not ho avoided,
would bo rather a blessing than otherwise. Hut such,
evidently, was not the' purposi^ of his rdcnlless enemy.
Kvery sjiecii's oftoriiieiit which his cruel invention eoiild
supply would, he felt convinced, be exercised upon bis
frame : and with this impression on his mind, it would
have reipiired sterner iievej than his, not to have shrunk
from the very anticipation of so dre'adful an orde.il.
It was now noon, and yet no visible pieparatiiiii wns
ntakiug for the coiHUmmation of the sacriliee. This,
Captain de Haldimar imputed to the absence of the fierce
Wiicoustn, whom he had not seen since the return of the
wan iors from tlie skiniiiih. The incniieiitary disappeiir-
nii.-e of tliis extraordinary niul ferocious 11..111 was, li" -
ever, fraught with no consolation to his imliirtuniili' pri-
sutler, who felt he was niily engaged in taking siieli
measures ns would remler not only his destruction mure
certain, but his preliiiiiiiaiy viiU'erings more emiipliealed
and preilraeleil. \\'lii{i' he wns thus indulging in liiillhsH
specul.itioii as 111 llie miilive liir his ahseiiee, he liiiieied
he heard the ri:port of a rilk', suei'eeded iiiiiiiediiitely
arterwards bv Hie war-whoop, at u eonsiileiiible disliiiice,
and ill the direetioii of the river. In this iiiipri'iisiioi he
was confirmed, by the sudden npstirtiiig to their !i(t of
Hie young liiiliiiis lo who ' eu«loily lie h'lil been eimi-
milleil, who now nilv.iiieed lo the outer edge of the
Ixlt of lin'i'sl, with till' a|ip.ii'i'lil object of oblniiiinir m
iiiore inieoiifiued view iif the open ground lliat lay In-,
yoiid. The rapid gliding of spedr.il liirins from the in-
lerinr of the eneampiiieiit in the siiiiie ilireelinii, deniildl,
nioieiiver, Ihal Hie liiiliius geiienilly had lieaid, and were
iillriH led by Ibe same sivmil.
I'li.'jeiitly allerwards, repented " waiighs 1" and " Wa-
eiiimla I — W.ieiiiislii 1" from lho»e who hnil reached the
exireiiio shirt of the fiiresl, fell on Hie dismayed ear nl
the young olVieer. It was cvideiil, iVoiii the |H'eiili.ir
loiies ill whieh these words were prniininieed, that thiy
IkIicIiI that warrior npproaebiiig tlieiu with sniiii' com.
iimiiieiiliMii of lnlere<<l ; and, sieK nl benrt, and lilted with
irreiiressibh' disiiiny. Captain de Hnlilimar fi It his pulse
In llirnb more violi iilty an each moiui'ut brouiiht his ene.
my nearer lo him.
A starHing interest was now created atmnig the In-
ans; for, as the savage warrior neared the tiirest, hiti
lips pealed forth Unit peculiar cry which is me'aiit to an.
nouiico some intelligcncu of alarm. Scarcely had its
echoes died away in the forest, when the whole of the
warriors rushed from the encampment towards ihe clear-
ing. Directed by the sound. Captain de Haldimar bent
his eyes upon Hie Hiiii skirt of wood that lay immediately
before him, and at intervals could sec the towering form
of that vast warrior bounding, w itii incrCilible speed, up
the sloping ground that bd Irom tlio town towards Iho
forest. A ravine lay before him but Ibis he cleared,
with a prodigious effort, at u single leap; and then, con-
tinuing his way uji the slope, amid the low guttural aecln-
Illations of the warriors at his extraordinary dexterity
and strength, finally gained the side of Ponteac, then
leaning carelessly against a tree at a sliort distance from
the prisoner.
A low nnd animated conversation now ensued betwceii
these two important iK'rKonages, w hicli at nionifnts as-
sumed the character of violent discussion. From what
C'aptain de Haldimar could collect, th« Ottawa chief was
severely reproving his friend fiir Hie inconsiderate urdour
which had led him Hiat morning into collision w itii those
whom it was their object to lull into security by a care^_
fill avoidance of hostility, and urging tho possibility of
tin ir plan being defeated in consequence. He moreover
obslinalcly refused the pressing request of Wacousta, in
regard lo some present enterprise which the latter bad
just sugecsled, Ihe precise nature of which, howevrr.
Captain de Haldimar couhl not learn. jMeanwhile, the
rapid Hilling of numerous forms to and from the encamp,
inent, nrrnyeil in all the fierce pnnoply of savage warfare,
while low exclamations of excitement occasionally eoiight
his e;nr, led the oflicer to infer, strango and unusual nH
such nil occurrence was, that either the detaehnicnt al-
ready engaged, or a second, wns advancing on their posi-
lion." .Still, this ofl'ered little clinnce of security for liim-
self; fiir more than once, during his long eonfercneo
with I'onleac, had iho fierce Wacousta bent his eyo in
ferocious triumph on his victim, as if ho would have
said, — "Come what will — whatever he the result — you,
nt lee.st, shall not escape me." Indeed, so confident did
the latter feel that Ihe in-stant of attack would be the sig-
nal of his own death, that iiller the first iiinmentary and
iiistiiietive cheering of his spirit, he rather regretted the
circmustanee of their approach ; or, if he rejoiced nt
all, it was only because it ntforded him the prospect ol'
immeilinle death, instead of iH'iiig exposed to all the lior-
ror of a lingering and iigonisiiig suffering from tlic tor-
ture.
While the chiefs were }-rt cnrncstly converping, (ho
ilariii cry, previously ullered by Wacousin, was repealed,
altlinii^'li in a low and sulKliied lone, by several of tho
Imlians who stood on the brow of Ibe rmineiiee. Pon-
leae started suddenly to tho snuic point ; but Waconshi
eoiilimied lor a iiiomcnt or two rooted to the spot on
wliieli he stood, with the nlr of one in donbt as to whnt
eoiirsi' be sheulil pursue. He IIkii abruptly raised lii.s
head, lix( d his dark nnd menacing eye on his captive,
and was already in the act of upprouehlng him, when
the ( ariiesl and repented diMiands fiir his presenee, by
the Ottawa chief, drew him once more to the outskirt o(
Ihe wnnd.
Again Ca|ilaiM do Haldimar breuthcd freely. Tho
pre'tiiee of that fierce iiniii had Imtu a cloir upon Ihe vi-
tal fiiiii linns of his heart; nnd, tn Ih- reliered Irom it,
even at a moiiienl lil.e the present, nlieii fiir more im-
|Mirtiiiit iiileresis niiifbt he sn|<|Hi«t<l to occupy hts ininily
was 11 ^rnlificnlinii, of which not eron the eniiseiuusness
111' iiopeihliiig death cniild whnlly deprive him, i'rinii
llie ennliiiiieii pressiiiif of Hie liidinn.i towards one par-
lii iiliir point ill the ehnriiig, he now cniijeetnred, that,
lliiiii that imiiil, Ihe advame of the Insips was visible.
.Anxious to nbtniii I'veii a liinmentnry view of Ihoxp whoiii
he ih'emiil bimsell' filed never fliore lo iiiiiigli' with in
this lifi', he raised hiiiisdf upon his fi'el, mid slreleheii
Ills iieek mid bent his eager ginnee in the dirpelion by
whieh Wiieoiista bad iipprnnehed ; but, so eloselv were
the dark warrinrs grouped ninoiig the trees, he rtnind it
iiii|Ni.sHible, Onee or twiic, Imwever, he Ihonghl he 1 enlil
di^liiiUiiish Ibe )'h nmiiig of Hie I'^nglish bnyonets 111 Ihe
bright Himshine, n lliey sm'imd lo fib' otV in a imrnllel
liiiu with the ravine. Oh, liov bin grneroiis Imnrl
&t4:"^'V ■■■'■' .'■■•',■<.
hwf* '■ '■ ■■■■■ **■
w
■ri . I
■ v,';;l
' '.'f;;
■I
:.. '^ 1
242
WACOrSTA, OK THE PROI'IIECY.
tlirobljcd at tlint moment ; nnd how ardently did lio wish
that he could have stood in the position of tlic mcnncst
Hohlicr in those gallant ranks! Perhnps his own bravo
and devoted grenadiers were of the nmnber, liiirniiig with
enthusiasm to Iw led against the captors or destroyers of
{heir otficcr j and this thought added to his wretchedness
still more.
While the unfortunate prisoner, thus strongly excited,
bent his whole soul on the scene before him, he fancied
he heard the approach of a cautious footstep. lie turned
his head as well as his confined |>osition would admit,
nnd behold, close behind him, a dark Indian, whose eyes
alone were visible above the blanket in which his jK-rson
was completely onvoloped. His right arm was uplifted,
and the blado of a scalping knife glittered in his hand.
A cold shudder ran through the veins of the young olfi-
ccr, and he closed his eyes, that he might not sec the
blow which ho felt was about to be directed at his heart.
The Indian glanced hurriedly yet cautiously around, to
see if ho was observed ; and then, witli the rapidity of
thought, (fivided, first the thongs that secured the legs,
and tlien those which confined the arms of the defence-
less captive. When Captain de Ualdiniar, full of aston.
ishmcnt at finding himself once more at lilicrty, again
unclosed his eyes, they fell on the not unhandsome fca-
tures of the young chief, the brother of Oucanasta.
" The Saganaw is tlie prisoner of Wacousta," said the
Indian hastily; "and Wacousta is the enemy of the
young Ottawa chief. The warriors of the pale faces are
there" (and he pointed directly before him). " If the
Saganaw has n bold heart and a swift foot he may save
his lit'e :" and, with this intimation, ho hurried nwny in
the same cautious manner, and was in the next instant
seen making a circuit to arrive at the |ioint at which tlie
principal strength of tlie Indians was collected.
The position of Captain do Ilaldimar had now attained
its acme of interest ; for on his own exertions alone de.
ponded every thing that remained to Ik; nccomplishe<l.
With wonderful presence of mind he surveyed all the
difficulties of his course, while ho availed himself at the
same moment of whatever advantages were within his
grasp. On the approach of Wacousta, the young In-
dians, to whose custody he had been committed, had re-
turned to their post ; but no sooner had that warrior,
obeying the call of Pontcne, again departed, than they
once more flew to the extreme skirt of tlie forest, atter
first satisfying themselves the ligatures whieh contincd
their prisoner were secure. Either with a view of avoid-
ing unnecessary encumbrance in their course, or llirongh
hurry and inadvertence, they had left their blnnUel.i near
the foot of the free. The first thought of tlie olliier
was to seize one of these; for, in oriier to gain llie |H)iiil
wlienci' his final ctTort to join the detachment must be
made, it was necessary he should pass through the body
of scattered Indians who stood immediately in his way j
and the disjuiise of the blanket could alone afibrd liim a
reasonable chance of moving unnoticed among llieni.
Secretly congratulating himself on the insnlling mockery
tliat had inducted his upper form in the disguising war-
paint of his enemies, he now drew the protecting hinnket
close up to his eyes; and then, with every nerve briieed
up, every faculty of mind and body called into action,
connneiiccd his dangerous enterprise.
He had not, however, t.iken more than two nr three
sU'ps in advance, when, to his great disenmfiture and
alarm, ho Iwlield the formidable Wacousta npproiiehing
from a distiuiee, evidently in search of his prisoner. With
the quickness of thought he determined on his eourse.
To appear to avoiil him wotdd bo to excite the suspicion
of tlio fierce warrior; and, desperate as the alterniitive
was, ho resolved to move undeviatingly forward. At
each slop that drew him nearer to his enemy, the l)ealing
of his heart liecame more violent ; and had it not been
fur tlip thick coat of paint in whieh he was invested, the
involuntary contraction of the muscles of his face nuist
inevitably havo betrayed him. Nay, even as it was, had
tlie keen eye of the warrior fallen on him, such was the
ngitition of the officer, he felt he must have Iieen disco,
vcred. Happily, iiowever, Wacousta, who evidently took
him for some iuferior warrior hantening to the |iolnt
whprfl his fellows were nlroa<ly ossendded, passed wilh-
init deigning to look at him, nnd so close, their forms
almoiit touched. Captain do HaUlimar now quickened
his imca. It was evident there was no time to l)o lost;
fiir Wacousta, on finiling him gone, wmld at once give
the alarm, when a hundred warriors would be ready on
the instant to intercept his flight. Taking the preeaii.
tinn to disguise his walk by turning in his toes after the
Indian manner, he ri'aelied, with a iH'iiting lienrt, the first
of the numerous warriors who were eolleeted within the
belt of furt'Bt) anxiously watching the movements of
the detachment in tiio plain below. To his infinite joy
he found that each was too nmch intent on what wa.s
passing in the distance, to heed any thing going on near
themselves; and when he at length gained tlic extreme
opening, and stood in a line with those who were the
farthest advanced, without having excited a single suspi-
cion in his course, he could scarcely believe the evidence
of his senses.
Still the most diflienlt part of the enterprise remained
to be completed. Hitherto he had moved uildcr the
friendly cover of the underwood, the advantage of which
had b«en to conceal that part of his regimental trousers
which the blanket left exposed; and if he moved forward
into the clearing, the quick glnncc of an Indian would
not be slow in detecting the difference between these and
and his own ruder leggings. There was no alternative
now hut to commence his flight from the spot on which
he stood ; and for this he prepared himself. At one ra-
pid and comprehensive view he embraced the immediate
localities before him. On the other side of the ravine he
could now distinctly see the English troops, either plan-
ning, as he conceived, their own attack, or waiting in
the liope of drawing the Indians from their cover. It
was evident that to reach them the ravine must lie crossed,
unless the more circuitous route by the bridge, which
was hid from his view by an intervening hillock, should
be preferred ; but as the former had been cleared by Wa-
cousta in his ascent, nnd was the nearest point by which
tlie detachment could Ik) approached, to Uiis did bo now
direct his undivided attention.
While ho yet paust^d witli indecision, at one moment
fancying the time for starting was not yet arrived, and
at the next that he had siifTercd it to pass away, the pow-
erfiil and threatening voice of Wacousta was heard pro-
claiming the escajie of his captive. Low but expressive
exclamations from the warriors marked their sense of the
mportnnce of the intelligence; and many of them hastily
dispersed themselves in pursuit. This was the critical
moment for action : for, as the anxious ofiicer had rather
wished than expected, those Indians who had been im-
mediately in front, and whose proximity ho most dreaded,
were among the ntimber of those who dashed into the
heart of the forest. Captain de HaUlimar now stood
alone, and fiill twenty paces in front of the nearest of the
snvnges. For a moment he played with his mocassined
foot, to satisfy himself of the ijower and flexibility of its
inuseles, and then committing himself to his Cod, dashed
the blanket suddenly from his shoulders, anil, with eye
nnd lie:irt fixed on the distant soldiery, darted down the
declivity with a speed of whieh he had never yet iK-lieved
himself capable. Scareel}', however, had his fleeing fi)r)n
nppeari'd in the opening, when a tremendous nnd ileiifen-
ing yell rent the air, tind a dozen wild and nnked war-
riors li)llowed insfnntly in pursuit. Attracted by tlint
yell, the terrildc Waeoustn, who hnd been seeking his
victim in a difl'erent (|uarfer, Iwimded forward to the
front, \\ith at> eye flashing fire, and a brow eoinpressed
into the fiercest hate; anil so stupendous were his efforts,
so extraordinary was his six'cd, that had it not been for
the young Ottawa chief, who was one of the pursuing
pnrty, and who, under the pvetenee of assisting in flu
recapture of the prisoner, sought every op|K)r1unity of
throwinir himself Ixfore, nnd embarrassing the move-
ments nf his enemy, it is highly probable the latter would
have succeeded. Despite of these olistaeles, however,
the fierce Waeoustn, who had been the Inst to follow,
soon left the liiremost of his companions fiir liehind him;
nnd but for his sudden fiill, while in the very aet of seizing
the arm of his prisoner, his gigantic efforts must have hern
crowned with the fiillest success. Hut the render has al
ready seen how miraculously (Captain de Hnldimnr, re-
dne<><1tothc Iwit stage of di^bilify, asmiieli from inaniliim
as from the unnnturnl ilforts of his flight, finally accom-
plished his return to the detaelmicnt.
CHAI'TER XX.
At the wcBtern extremity of the lake Huron, nnd al-
most washed by the wafers of that pigmy ocenn, stands
the fort nf MiehilliinnckiuHC. Constructed on a sinnller
scale, nnd garrisoned by a less nuinericnl fiirce, the de-
fenees of tliis post, alUiough less formidable thnn iliose
of the Pelroit, were nearly similar, at the |H'riod em-
braced by our story, both in matter and in manner. I In-
like the latter fiirtress, however, it boasted none of the
ndvantnges ntforded by culture; neither, ini!eeil, was
there a single sjmt in the iiiimedinte vicinity that was
not clad in the eternal forest of these regions. It is true,
ihnt art nnd Inlmrinus < xertiiui had so far supplieil the
defieieiieies of niiliire as to isolate the fort, nnd throw it
undef the protecting sweep of its coiiuon; but, while
this allurded security, it failed to produce any tiling like j
pleasing effect to the eye. The very site on wliii;li the
fortress now stood had nt one period been a portion nf
the wilderness that every where around was only tcrnii.
niited by the sands on the lake shore ; and, altliniiT|,
time and tlie axe of the pioneer had in sonic degree
changed its features, still there was no trace of thj;
blended natural scenery that so pleasingly diversified Hie
vicinity of the sister fort. Here and there, along ti^
imperfect clearing, and amid the dark and thickly »tui|.
ded stumps of the fidled trees, which in themselves wire
suflicicnt to give the most lugubrious character to thii
scene, rose the rude log cabin of the settler ; but, brydm)
this, cultivation appeared to have lost her power in pro.
portion with the difliculties she had to encounter. Even
the two Indian villages, I.'Arbre-Crochc and Clbahouijj
situate about a mile from the fort, with whieh iIk.,.
formed nearly an equilateral triangle, were hid from He
view of the garrison by tlie dark dense forest, in He
heart of which they were einb»'dded.
Lakeward the view was scarcely less monntonniis ; lui
it was not, as in the rear, that monotony which is mvtr
oeeasionally broken in upon by some occurronce of in.
tercsf. If the eye gazed long and anxiously for tin
white sail of the well known armed vessel, charged i|
stated intervals with letters and tidings of those wliom
time, and distance, and danger, fur from estran^in;.
rendered moro dear to the incmorv, and bound uiofc
ilosely to the heart, it was sure of being rcwardid jt
Inst ; ond then there was no picture on which it coulj
love to linger so well as that of the silver waves bcnrinj
that valued vessel in safety to its wonted nnchornfrc in
the offing. Moreover, the light sw'ift bark canoes of (lie
natives often danced joyously on its surface ; and while
the sight was offended nt the savage, skulking nmnno
the trees of the forest, like some dark spirit moving can.
tiously in its course of secret destruction, and watching
the moment when he might pounce unnoticed on Ills un.
prepared victim, it followed, with momentary pleasure
and excitement, the activity and skill displayed by the
harmless paddler, in the swift nnd mctcor-like race thai
set the troubled surface of tlic Huron in a sheet nf his?.
ing foam. Nor was this all. When the eye lurneil
wood-ward, it fell heavily, and without interest, ii|iiin i
dim and dusky point, known to enter u|ion savage seems
anil unexplored countries ; whereas, whenever it repo-ed
upon the lake, it was with on eagerness nnd energy thai
embraced the most vivid recollections of the piiPl, ami
led file ininginntion buoyantly over every well-reiiiemUr-
(ul scene that hnd previously been frnvcrsed, nnd whicli
must be traversed again befiire the hind of the Euio|H'jn
could be pressed once more. The forest, in a nnrcl, I
formed, as it were, the gloomy and iiupenetrnlilc wnllsof I
flic |irison-house, and the bright lake that lay heforr il I
tlio only porlnl through which happiness and liberty
could Ik! again secured.
The principal entrance into the fort, which prciirnttii
four equal sides of a square, was from the forest; but,
immediately op|>osite to this, and behind flic apnrliiirnti I
of the commanding officer, there was nnolher sinnllpiM I
that oiicned uiKin the lake shore; but whiili, siuccllit I
invistiiicnt of the place, had been kept liolted nnd Inrkii), |
with a precaution befitting the danger to which llio ^j.
risen was exposed. Still, there were periods, even iim,
wlun its sullen hinges were to be heard moaning on llie I
inlilniglit breeze; fiir it served as a medium of eomniuf
nicntion between the besieged and others who were si)|
less critically eircuniHfnneid than themselves.
The very day before the Indians commenced llifii I
simultaneous attack on the several [wsts of tlie Engli-k, I
the only armed vessel that hnd been constructed on llicwl
upper lakes, serving chiefly as a medium of enimnuiiia.f
tilin iH'tween Detroit and Mlchillimnekinac, had nrrlinl I
with despatches and letters from the former fiirt. A mtII. I
eoneerted plan of the savnges to seize her in lier pump I
tlirougli the narrow waters of the river Sinclair lindnnlyl
lieen defeated by the vigilance of her eoinniander; liiii,!
I'ver since the breaking out of the war, she had lieenini.r
prisoned within the limits of the Huron. Lalinrimia m. I
died was the duly of the devoted crew. Sevonil ntlimplil
had lieen renewed by the Indiana to surprise tlieiii; liiil,!
ulthougli their little fleets stole cautiously and noisrletilTj
at the still hour of midnight, to the spot wlirre, atthil
last expiring rays of twilight, they had lieheld liemir-l
lessly anchored, and anparently lulled into security, thel
subject of their seureli was never to be met with. N«l
sooner were objects on the shore rendered iiidislinci ul
the eye, than tlie anchor was silently weiglied, nnd, I'Ul
ing wlienvir the breeze might elioosn to enrry her, ll«l
liglit bark was ninile to traverse the lake, with iierv uJl
SI t, until dawn. None, however, were aufVered to flunT
WACOUSTA, OK THE mOPIIECY.
213
cc any til ill); like 1
site on wliitli the
been n portion of
id was only Ifrnii.
irc : and, altlioii;h
I in some do);rra
no trace of thm
igly divcrpificd the
J there, aloii;r ilu
I and thickly >tiu|.
in themselves wire
IS churncttr to the
cttler i but, biyoml
t her power in |iro.
) encounter. Evm
ho and ChahoHigj|
with whitli ilirv
were hid from tli'c
dense forest, in llic
ss monotonous ; lui
ony which is mvtr
occurrence of in.
anxiously for tlis
vessel, charged ii
iigs of those whom
ir from cstranfinf,
rv, and bound iiioic
if being rcwardijil n
on which it coiiM
silvor waves bcarinf
it'ontcd anehorap; in
[\ bark canoes of Iho
surface ; and wliilo
ige, skulking nmmg
rk spirit inovinj; can.
iction, and watching
unnoticed on his \in.
momentary pleasure
ill displayed by Ilit
mctcor-like race that
nn in a sheet of hik<.
'hen the eye turned
thout interest, Hiimi j
er \i\wn savage soms
i, whenever it ripo^eil
■I1CS8 and energy l!ij|
ms of the piifl, anj
every well-reniomliir.
raversed, and whicli
land of the Kuio|H>n
ic forest, ill a won!, I
iniprnrtrable wnllsof I
ike that lay bclnrr it [
lappiness and liberty
Ifort, which prcsrnltti
Irom the forest; bul,
uliind the apnrliuenli
18 another siiinll gale
hut whith, niiuo llie
(■pt liolted 1111(1 Inrkixl,
IT to which the l'.i-
periods, even iimv,
pard iiiooning on llie
iiiediuni of column-
Ulicrs who were so
licinselves.
lis cominenceil Ihfii
l|M)»ts of the Euflish,
I'onslrueted on Ihm
Lliuni of eiMiiiniinia.
Inekinac, had iirri\nl|
Iforiner fori. A wil
Ic her ill her pnmp
Ji-cr Sinclair limlrailn
j-r couiniander; l«ili|
lar, she had liecn in.
liron. Laliorioun ii.
•w. Sevornl ntti'nipli|
[surprise them; H\
lusly and noini-liHlt,
Vc spot where, at ihtl
Imdiieheld liircm.
Id into security, Ihi
I be met with. N«
Indered imlislincl D
weighed, mill, I'l'^ I
lisii til I'livry liiT, ll«
lake, with r\rrv>oil|
Iro Buttered to Am^
liT ill the presumed security afforded by this judicious
tliirht. Every man wa.s at his post ; and, while a silence
uroVound was preserved that the noise of a filling pin
nilfflit have been heard U|ion her decks, every thing was
■ rcadiiie.19 to reiwl an iittick of their enemies, should
the vessel, in her course, conic accidentally in collision
■illi their piguiy fleets. When morning broke, and no
• „ g( tlieir trea'clieroua foes was visible, the vessel wan
amiin anchored, and tlic majority of the crew suficred to
retire to tlieir hammocks, while the few whose turn of
Ji,ty it chanced to be, kept a vigilant look-out, that, on
the liliglitest appearance of alarm, their slumliering coin-
railcs might again be aroused to energy and action.
Severe and harassing us had lieen the duty on board
(liis vessel tor many months, — at one moment exposed to
iho assaults of the savages, at another assailed by the
hurricanes that arc so prevalent and so dangerous on the
American lakes, — the situation of the crew was even less
enviable tlian that of the garrison itself. What chierty
contributed to their disquietude, was the dreadtiil con-
sciousness that, however their present efforts might se-
cure a temporary safety, the period of their fall was only
protracted. A lew months more must bring with them
all the severity of the winter of those climes, and then,
blocked up in a sea of ice, — exposed to all the rigour of
cold,— all the miseries of hunger, — what cflectiial re-
sistance could they oppose to the numerous bands of In-
dians who, availing themselves of the defenceless position
of Uieir enemies, would rush from every quarter to their
destruction.
At the outset of these disheartening circumstances the
officer Imil summoned liis faitliful crew together, and
iminting out the danger and uncertainty of their position,
staled that two chances of escape still remained to them.
'I'ln' first was by an attempt to neeoinplish tlic passage
of tlio river Sinclair during some dark and boisterous
niffht, when the Indians would bo least likely to
gu»|icct sueh an intention : it was at this point that the
efforts of their enemies were princiiially to 1ki appre-
hended ; imt if, under cover of storm ami darkness, they
conM nccomplisli this diflicult passage, they would easily
mill the Detroit, and thence pass into lake Erie, at the
further extreinlly of which they might, favoured by
Providence, eH'eet a landing, and (RMietrato to the in-
habited parts of till! colony of New York. The other
alternative was, — and he IctV it to themselves to detennine,
—to sink the vessel on the approach of winter, and
throw themselves into the fort before them, there to
await and share the destiny of its gallant defenders.
U'ilh the generous enthusiasm of their profession, the
noble I'elloH's had determined on the latter course. With
itlieir ollicer they fully coineided in opinion, that their
ultimate hopes of life depended on the safe passage of the
!*iiiilair ; for It was but too obvious, that soon or hitc,
unkss some very extraordinary revolution should he cf
Ifectcil In the intentions of the Indians, the fortress must
starved Into submission. Still, as it was tolerably w( II
in|i|ilicd with provisions, this gloomy pros|H'ct was re-
inolc, and they were willing to run all chances with their
riiiids on shore, rather than desert them in tlieir ex-
rcinitv. Tin! determination expressed by lliciii, tliere-
"oro, was, that when they could no longer keep the lake
,11 safety, they woulil, if the ofliccr |K'rmltted it, scuttle
llic vessel, and uttempt an entrance into tlio tort, where
Ihev wonhl share the fate of the troops, whatever it might
liaiicc to be.
No sooner was this resolution made known, than tlieir
oiini; coinmander sought an opi>orliinlly of coinmiml-
ilinir with the garrison. This, however, was no very
lasy iiisk ; tor, so closely was the fort lieinmed In by
le lavages, it was im|>ossible to introduce a. mesirnger
ithin Its walls ; iiml so sudden had been tlic cutting oH
if nil coinnmnlcation hotwecii the vessel and the shore,
lalllie Ihoiighl had not even occurred toeither commander
rsliiWish the most ordinary intelligence by signal. In
liisdlleninia reeonrsu was had to an ingenious expedient.
'lie di'spiilelies of the olUcer were enclosed In one of the
mi tin tnlii's in which were generally de|)osited the
«|is anil charts of the schooner, and to this, nfVer liaviiig
m ronl'iilly soldereil, was attnclied nn inch rope of
leral hundred fathoms In length: the ease was then
liil into one of the ship's guns, so placed as to give it the
Ii'valion of a mortar; thus pre|>nred, advantage wns
ikrn of a temporary absence of the Indians to bring the
wil williln half n mile of the dliore, and when the at-
nliim of the garrison, liatiu'ully attrarlcil by this unusual
meimni, wiiM snilielenlly awakened, that opporlmiity
rbiieiii for llie diselinigr of the gini ; and iis the
iimlilyiif piiHilcr had Is'en prnportioiialily ri'diieed lor
liinilril rHiige, the IuImi was soon salely ile|)ositrd
itliin the raiiipurt. 'I'lio siunu means wcro uduidcd in
rejdyliig: anil, one end of the rope remaining attached to
the seliooniT, all that was necessary was to solder up the
liilie as hefiiri!, and throw it over the rnniparts upon the
sands, whence It was immediately pulled over her side
by the watchful mariners.
As the despatch conveyed to the garrison, among
other subjects of interest, boro the uinvelcome Intelli-
gence that the supplies of the crew were nearly expended,
an arrangement was ]iroposed by which, nt stated in-
tervals, a more immediate coinmuiiieatlou with the
former might be ett'ected. Whenever, therefore, the
wind permitted, the vessel was kept hovering in sight
during the day, beneath the eyes of the savages, and on
the approach of evening an luishott/'d gun was discharged,
with a view of drawing their attention more inimediately
to her movements j every sail was then set, and under a
cloud of canva.ss the course of the scliooner was directed
towards the source of the Sinclair, as if an atti'iniit to
accomplish that passage wns to lie made during the night.
Nosooner, howcverhad the darkness fiilrly set in, than the
vessel was put about, and, heating against the wind, gene-
rally contrived to reach the oHliig at a staled hour, wlieii a
bout, provided with uiutfled oars, was sent otV to the
shore. This ruse had several times deceived the Indians,
and It was on these oc-n-'--- 'hat the small gale to
which we have alluded • ,ik )' . )d, for tlio purposo of
conveying the necessary s ,/iios.
The buildings of the fort eon.<isted chiefly of bloek-
hoiises, the Internal accnniniodalioiis of wliieli were fully
in keeping with their rude exterior, being liut liidifrereutly
provided with the most ordinary artleles of comfort, and
fitted up as the limited resniirees of that wild and remote
district could supply. The best and most agreeably
situated of these, if a choice coijd be made, was tliut of
the eonnnaiidlng officer. Thlshnilding rose considerably
above the others, and overhanging tint part of the ram-
part which skirted the shores of the Huron, eomiiianded
a full view of the lake, even to its extremily of frowning
and lu'lting forest.
To this block-house tlii'rc were two staircases ; the
principal leaillng to the front entr.ancc from the barrack-
.square, the other opening In the rear, close under the
ramparl, and coinniniileating by a lew rude steps with
the small gale that led upon the sands. In the lower
part of this bulhling, appropriated by the coninmiidlng
officer to that exclusive purpose, the ollieiiil duties of liii
situation were usually perl'orineil ; and on the ground
floor a large room, that extended from tVoiit to rear ol
the block-house on one side of the passage, had for
inerly been used as a liallofeomieil with the Indian chiefs.
The tliMir above this comprised liotli his own private
npartmenls and those set apart for the general use of the
family ; but, above all, and preferiihli' tVnin their cheerful
view over the lake, were others, which had lu'cii re-
served for the exclusive neconmiodutloii of .Miss di
nahliiuar. This upper llnor eom.isted of two slecpliif;
apartiiieiils, with a sitliiig-room, the latter c.\ti iiiliug
the whole length of the hloiU-honse, and ojiening iniiiie-
diiitely upon the lake from the only two windows with
which that side of the hnlldlng was provided. The
principal staircase led inlii one of the hrd-iooms, and
both of the latter comniiiiiieateil imniedialely with the
sitting-rooin, wlileli again. In its turn, opened, at the
opposite extremity, on tho narrow staircase that led to
the rear of the bloek-house.
The furniture of I his apartment, wliieli might be taken
as a lair sample of the be.st the country conlil alfnril, was
wild, yet simple. In the extreme. Neiit rush mats, of an
oblong square, and fanlnstleally put together, so as to
exhibit In the weaving of the several coloured reeds both
figures tliiit were known to exist In the creation, and
those which could have no Is'iiig save in the iinagliiatioii
of their frainers, served as excellent subslllnies for ear-
pets, wliih! rush l«itloined eliiiirs, the prodnel of Indian
Ingennity also, oeenpied those Intervals around the room
that were unsupplii d by the malting. I'piui the wall-,
were hung numerous spielmens both of the dri ss and of
the eqnlpinents of the savages, and mingled with tlnse
were ninny natural cnriosllles, the gills of Indian elilefs
to the eominaiiilant nt various periods before the war.
Nothing eoiild he iiiiire unlike the eiiibelllshments id'a
modern Kuro|H'aii boudoir than those of this apnrliiieiil,
whleli had. Ill siinie degne, been iiiiide Hie Kunetuni of
its present oeiupaiits. Here was to Ih' seen the sealy
carcass of some huge serpent, exleiidlni; its now harm-
less li'iiglh from the celling to the floor-— there nn iilligntor,
stulVeil iiOer the mnie tiisliloii ; and In v.irlous dlreelions
the sUlii-i of the heaxir, the marten, the otter, and an in-
linllude ol'olhrrs of llial genus, tilled npspaees tliiil were
lell imsnpplii'd by the more ingenious speelniens of Indian
art. Head dresses tastol'ully wioiiglit in tho kIiuik uf tlie
crowning bays of the ancients, mid eompoMil of the
gorgeous leathers of the most splendid of the forest
birds — bows and quivers, handsomely and even ehgaiilly
ornamented with that most tasteful of Indian I'.eeoiations,
the stained quill of Hie porcupine ; war eliibi of massive
iron wood, their handles covered with stai'ied horsehnir
and feathers, curiously mingled togethe,- — machecotls,
hunting coats, mocassins, and hggingi, all worked In
porcupine qiilll, and fanelfnlly arranged, — these, with
many others, had In-eii called into requisition to bi'ileek
and relieve the otherwise rude and miked wuils of tlio
apartinenf.
Nor did the walls nlono reflect hack the jiicturc of
savage ingenuity, for on the %-arious tables, the rudo
polish of which was hid from view by the simple covering
of green baize, which moreover constituted the ganiltiiro
of the windows, \TX're to bo seen other produetn of their
art. Here stood upon an elevated stand a modi 1 of a
bark canoe, filled with its complemtjit of paddleis earved
in wood and dressed hi full co.stiiine; the latter executed
with such singular fidelity of tiature, that although tho
speaking figures sprung not from the experienced and
classic chisel of the senlptor hut from the rude scaljilng
knife of the savage, the very tribo to which they belongctl
could be discovered at a glance by tho European who
was conversant svith the features of each : then there
were handsomely ornamented vessels made of the birch
bark, and filled with the delicate sugars which the natives
extract tiiiiu the maple tree in early spring; these of all
sizes, even to the most liny that coiJd well be imnglned,
were valuable rather as exquisite speciineus of the neat-
ness with which those sliiiht vessels could be put together,
sewn as they were merely with strips of the sanie bark,
than from any Inlrinsie value tliey possessed. Covered
over with fiintastie figures, done either in paint, or in
quill work artfidly interwoven into the fibres of the bark,
they |iresented, In their smooth and (lolished surface,
strong evidence of the address of the savages In their
preparation of this most useful and abundant produce of
tho eoimlry. Intcrsper.sed with these, too, were lui-
nieroiis stands filled with ^lul^ed birds, some cf which
comliined in tlieinselves every variety and shade of
dazzling plumage ; and mniierous rude cases con-
taincil the rarest specimens of the ,\merieaii butlerlly,
most of which Kvsc of sizes and tints that are no where
ecpiali'd in Europe. One solitary table alone was a|)-
propriated lo whatever wore a translantie character in
this wild and iimsemii-likc apartment. On this lay a
Spanish guitiir, a ihw pieces of old miisie, a eolleellon of
Knullsli and I'Vench books, a couple of writing desks,
and, scattered over the whole, several artleles of nnfiiilshed
needle-work.
Such was the npnitiiicnt in which ^Indellnc and f'lara
lie Haldininr were met at the moment we have selecti d
for their Inlroilnelion to our readers. It was the niorii-
ing of that day on wl fell the second cenneil of tlie chiefs,
the result of which has already been seen, was held at
Detroit. The sun had risen bright and gor'/c misly alMvo
the adjacent forest, throwing his golden beains upon tho
eiihii glassy waters of the lake; and now, appioaehiiig
rapliily towards the meridian, gradually iliininislied tim
lall b(d(l shadows of the block-houses upmi the shore.
At the distance of about a mile lay the armed vessel so
olUn alluded to; her light low hull dlnily seen in tho
hazy nliuosphere that daiieed u|Hm the waters, uiiil her
atteniinted masts and slopiii;; yanls, with their slight
tiaeery cordage, recalling rather the complex nnd deli-
eale rainlfiealions of the spider's web, than the ilnslic
yet solid inaehlneiy to which the lives of tlioso within
had so ofleii In en eommitled in sea and tempest. 1'|hjh
the strand, and close opposite to the small gati^ which
now stood aj;ir, lay one of her boats, the crew of whicli
had abaniliini'il her with the ixeeptlon only of a sing hi
individual, apparently her cockswain, who, willi Hie liller
under his arm, lay half exleiided In the stern sheets, his
naked cImsI expiLsed, and Ills tarpaulin hat Khielding his
eyes from the sim while he indulged ill profound reposi\
These were the only ohjeets that told of human lile.
Every win re lieyonil the eye rested on the faint oiitliiiu
of fiiresl, that ap|«'nrcd like the sonemd traeing of a
jHiieil at the distant junction of the waters willi thu
horizon.
T'lie windows that commanded this prospect were now
open; nnd tlirongli llial whieh was nearest lo the gale,
half rrcllned Hie eligant, slight form of a female, who,
with nn open leller In her hand, glanced her eye alter-
niitely, nnd wllli an expression of joyoiisness, towards thu
vessel that lay beyond, und the point in wliiili the Konreo
of the SImhiir was known to lie. It was (.'lara de llnl-
diiiiur.
Tresviitly thu vacant ipnce ut the snmu window wm
I ll;,'i-''Vf5''li.\ •!'«StTSt
A-^r.
■1^
-)>■•
■I'l
... ' ,M™ '. .f
■•!■'' . .i-^i"-
-'■"Mi
214
wAcorsTA, on the rnopHEcv.
[•.^•Jr,i<«f.;t V
mm
m^-hi
.r^ ;
' tf; '
■t ,n
filled by aiiutliur f )rrii, but ot' loss girlish appcarancu —
onu that ciubraccil all tlio full rich contour of the Mwli-
coaii Venus, and a la/y languor in its niovonients that
harmonised with the speaking uutlines of the form, and
withont wliich the beauty of the wliole would have been
at variance and imjierfi.ct. Tlie general exjiression,
moreover, of a countenance which, closely analysed,
could nut be termed beautiful, marked u mind at once
ardent in its conceptions, and steady and resolute in its
silent accnniplishnients of purpose. Slie was of the mid-
dle heigl.i.
Such was the |)erson of Madeline do Ilaldimar; but
uttractivc, or rather winnin;r, as were her womanly attri-
butes, her principal power lay in her voice, — the beauty,
nay, tlie voluptuousness of which nothing could surpass.
It was impossible to listen to the slow, full, rich, deep, and
melodious tones that fell trembling from her Iii)s upon the
car, and not t'eel, aye shudder, under all tlieir fascination
on the soul. In such a. voice might tho ]\Iadonna of
Uaphael have been supjiosed to otter up her supplications
from the gloomy precincts of tho cloister. No wonder
that Frederick de Ilaldimar loved her, and loved her
with all tho intense devotcdnesa of his own glowing
heart. His cousin was to him a divinity whom he
worshipped in the innermost recesses of his being ; and
his, in return, was the only car in which tho accents of
that almost supcrhuin.in voice hail breathed tlie thrilling
c.>ufcs.^ion of an attachment, which its very tones an-
nounced could be deep and imiicrishablc as the soul in
whicli it had taken root. OHen in the hours that pre-
ceded the period when they were to have been miitcd,
heart and mind and thought, in one connnon destiny,
woulil ho start from her side, his br.iin whirling with
very intoxication, and then obeying anoUier wild im-
pulse, rush once more into her embrace; and clasping
his beloved Madeline to his licarl, entreat her again to
pour forth all the melody of that confession in his cn-
riiptured car. Artless and unalTected as she was gene-
rous and impassioned, the fond and noble girl never
hesitated to gratify him whom ulonc she loved ; and
deep and fervent was tho joy of the soldier, when he
found that each passionato entreaty, far from being met
with caprice, only drew from the lips of his cousin
warmer and more ull'ectioaate expressions of her attach-
ment. Such expressions, coming from ai.y woman,
must have been rapturous and soothing in the extreme ;
but, when they llowed from a voice whoso very sound
was melody, they acted on the heart of Captain de Hal-
dimar with a potency that was as irresistible as tho love
itself which she ins))ircd.
Such was the position of things just before the com-
mencement of the Indian war. -Madeline de Ilahli'iiar
had been lor sometime on'Ji visitto Detroit, and her mar-
riage with her cousin was to have taken place witinn a few
days. The unexpected arrival of intelligence from Michilll-
mackinac that her lather was dai»-erously ill, however,
retarded the ciremcmy ; and, up to the present period,
their intercourse had licen completely suspended. If
Miideline de Il.ddijnar was capable of strong attachment
to her lover, the p'lwerful ties of nature were no less
di.Tply rooted in her heart, and commiseration and
anxiety for her fatiier now engrossed every faculty of
her mind. She entreated her cousin to defer the solem-
nisation of their nuptials until her parent should be pro-
nounced out of danger, and, having obtained his consent
to the del.iy, instantly s(!t olf fur Miehillimaekinae, ue-
companied by her cousin Clara, whom she had prevailed
on the governor to part with until her own return.
Hostil'.'t's were onnncnced very shortly al\crwurds,
iijid, although Major de Ilaldimar speeilily recovered
from his illness, the fair cousins were eomjielled to share
the connnon iuiprisuimient of the garrison.
Whi'U Mi.^s de Ilaldimar joined her more youthful
cou<fn at the window, through vvhiidi the latter was
gazing tliouglitfully on the scene before her, she Ibnig
her arm aroimd her waist with the protecting inanjier of
a mnther. Tlie mild blue eyes of i'lara met those that
wire taslciKul in tendirness upon her, and a corre-
sponding movement on lu r part brought the more ma-
tronly form of her cousin into close and ulfuctionatc
contact with lur own.
" Oh, Madeline, what a day is this !" she exclaimed;
" and how ollen on my bended Knees have I prayed to
lionven that it mi.'ht arrive 1 l)ur trials are ended at last,
and Inppini'ss and joy are once more before us. 'I'hcrc is
I ho boat that is to conduct us to the vessel, which, in its turn,
is to bear me to tho arms of my ilear fillier, and you to
those of thi lover who adores you. Ilow ln-;mtil'ul does
that fabric appi.'ar to me now 1 Never did 1 feel half the
ple.rsur<! in surveying it i do at Ibis moment."
"Dear, dear girll" rxelaimed Minn de lluldimw, and
she pressed her closer and in uilenco to her heart ; then,
aller a slight pause, during which the mantling glow
upon her brow told liow deeply slie desired the reunion
alluded to by her cousin — " that, indeed, will be an hour
of happiness to us both, Clara ; for irre.voeaI''v .is our
all'ecliojis have been pledged, it would be ..y in the
extreme to deny that, 1 long most ardently to be
restored to him who i alteady my husband, lint, tell
me," she concluded, with an archness of expresfion that
caused the long-lashed eyes of her companion to sink
beneath her own, " are you quite sincere in your own case .'
I know how deeply you love your faliier aiul your
brothers, but do these alone occupy your atlcntion ? Is
there not a certain friend of ("Imrles whom you have
some little curiosity to see aUo?"
" How silly, Madeline '." and tho chock of the young
girl becamo sutl'uscd wdth a deeper glow; "you know I
have never seen this friend of my brother, how then can
I possibly feel more than tho most ordinary interest in
him ? I am disposed to like him, certainly, lor the
mere reason that Charles docs; but this is ;U1."
" Well, Clara, I will not pretend to decidg ; but certain
it is, this is the last letter you received from Charles,
and that it contains tho strongest rcconmicndations of
his friend to your notice. Equally certain is it, that
scarcely a day has passed, since wo have been shut up
iiere, that you have not perused and rc-pcruscd it half
a dozen times. Now, as I am confessedly one wlio
should know something of these matters, I must bo suf-
fered to pronounce these arc strong symptoms, to say the
very least. .Ml I Clara, that blush declares you guihy.
But, who have wc here ? Middleton and Baynlon."
'i'he eyes of the cousins now I'ell upon the ramp.arts
immediately under the window. Two olKcers, one aji-
[larcnlly on duty for tho day, were passing at the mo-
incnt ; and, as they heard thir names prenounced, stop|>ed,
looked up, and saluted the young ladies with that easy
frecilom of maimer, which, unmixed witli cither disre-
spect or effrontery, bo usually characterises the address
of military men.
" \Vhat a contrast, by heaven 1" exclaimed ho wlio
wore the badge of duty susjK'uded over his chest, throw-
ing himself playfully hito a theatrical attitude, expressive
at once of admiration and surprise, while his cyo glanced
intelligently over the fair but dissimilar forms of the
cousins. " Venus and Psycho in the land of the Pot-
towatamies, by all that is inagnificenll Come, Middle-
ton, quick, out with that eternal jicncil of yours, and
perform your promise."
" And what may that promise be ?" asked Clara,
laughingly, and without adverting to the hyperbolical
complimciit of Uie dark-eyed otlieer who had just spoken.
" Vou shall hear," pursued the lively captain of the
guard. " While making (he tour of the ramparts just
now, to visit my sentries, I s nv Middleton leaning most
sentimentally against one of the boxes in liont, his note
book in one hand and his pencil in the other. Curious
to discover the subject of bis ahilraction, I stole cautiously
behind him, and saw that he wai sketching the head of
a tall and rather handsome s piaw, who, in the midst ol'a
hundixd others, was standing close to the gateway
wateliiiig the preparations of the Indian ball players. I
at once taxed him with huvhig lost his heart ; and rally-
ing him on his had taste in devoting his pencil to any
thing tint had a red skin, never combed its hair, and
turned its toes in while walking, pronounced his sketch
to he an absolute fright. Well, w ill yon believe what I
have to add f The man absolutely Hew into a treriien-
dons p,.s: ion witli me, and swiire that she was a Venus,
a Juno, a .Alinerva, a beauty of the lirst water in short;
and finished by promisiiig, that whin I .could point out
any woman who was superior to her in personal attrac-
tion, he would on the instant write no less than a dozen
consecutive soimels in her jiraisc. 1 now call upon bini
lo fullil liis promise, or maintain the superiority of his
Iniilan beauty.
liefore the laughing Jliddleton could fiiid time lo reply
1(1 the liiiht and umneanijig ratlle of bis friend, the quieli
low ri II of a drum was hiard from the front. The
signal was uuderatood by bothollieers, and they iire|)and
to depart.
"'l'hi^ is the hour apjioinled for tho council," said
Capbiin liaynlon, looking at hi.) walch, "and I must be
with my guard, to receive tho chiels with becoming
honour. How I pity you, .Midilleton, who willJiave the
inlliclion id' r,ne of their great big talk?, ns Murphy
would call it, dinned into y'.nr ear for the next two boms
at li as! ! Thank heaven, my toi.r of duty exempts me
from (hat ; and by way of killing an hour, 1 think I shall
go and carry on u llirtation with yutir Indian iMinerva,
alias Venus, alias .Imio, while you are discussing the
atfuirs of the nation with closed doors. I5ut hurki tliere
is the assembly drum again. Wc must be olf. Cum^
Jliddleton, conic. Adieu !" waving his hand to dp'
cousins, " wc shall meet at dinner."
" What an incessant talker Uaynton is I" observal
Miss de Ilaldimar, as the young men now disapiKard
round an angle of the rampart ; " but he has reniinilni
me of what I had nearly forgotten, and that is to pin
orders for dinner. My father has invited all the olliit,^
to dine with liiin to day, in coninicnioration of the pea«
which is being concluded. It will be the first tiiiit v.t
shall have all met together since thecomnicncemonl oi'i|,ij
cruel war, and we must endeavour, Clara, to do honour i<
the feast."
" I hope," timidly observed her cousin, shudderiii' ■
she spoke, "that none of those horrid d.icfs will [^
present, Madeline; for, withe-' any affectation ofiij,
whatever, I I'cel that I could ni.. so far overcome uit
disgust as t- -it at the same table with them. Tlicro
was a time, it is true, when I thought nothing of tlicsj
things ; but, since the war, I have witnessed and heati
so much of their horrid deeds, tliat I shall never licaUe
to endure the sight of an Indian faco again. Ah!" she
concluded, turning her eyes upon the lake, while >lit
clung more closely to the embrace of her companion-
" would to heaven Madeline, that wo were both at ilij
nioment gliding in yonder vessel, and hi sight of n.
fatiicr'M fort 1"
CHAPTER XXI.
The eyes of Miss do Ilaldimar followed those of Im i
cousin, and rested on the dark hull of the schooner, wiii
wliich so many recollections of the past and antieipatioiu
of the future were associated in their minds. When iIhv
had last looked upon it, all ap|icaranco of human life lisj
vanished froni its <leeks ; hut now there was stron" iii.
deiiec of unusual bustlo and activity. Numerous |)er.<0M I
could be seen moving hastily to and fro, their heads iuii I
peering above the bulwarks; and presently they IkIicUi I
small boat move from the ship's side, a.id shoot r.ipiiilv
ahead, in a direct line with the well-known bearings df I
the Sinclair's source. While they continued to gnzc on |
this jioint, following the course of the light vessel, aij I
forming a variety of eonj^ . turps as to Oie cause ofil
moveincnt, especially remarkable from tho circmiifilaiict I
of the commaiuler being at that nioment in the I'urt, I
whither ho had been Fummoncd to attend the council, I
another and scarcely perceptible object was dinilv mn, I
at the distance of about half a mile in front of the kail
Witli the aid of a telescope, which had tbrmcd oncnl"ih(|
princi|ial resources of the cousins during their lonj; inul
prisomncnt. Miss de Ilaldimar now [wrceivcd a dark ;ii<j|
shapeless mass moving somewhat heavily along the lali(,f
and in a line with the schconcr and the boal. Tliisral
evidently upproaeliing; tor each moment it loomed larcet I
upon the hazy water, increasing in bulk in the same|ir«.l
portion that the dejiarting skilF becamo less disthicl: fliil,|
it was impossible to discover, at that distance, in «li;i|
manner it was propelled. Wind there was none, mil vt
much as woulil have changed the course of a leiilf«|
dropping through space, and, except where the dividir,
oars of the boatmen had agitated llio waters, the wkil
surlace of the lake was like a sea of pale and liquiil ;-ii
At length tho two dark bodies met, and the niea liit!t|
boat were seen to lie u|ion their oars, while one in %l
stern seemed to be in the act of attaeliiiig a ro|H.' lo lljl
formless matter. I'or a few moments there was » muM
lion of all movement; and then again the aelivo nil
sturdy rowing of the boatmen was renewed, anil willunl
e.Mrlion of Kfrength even more vigorous than lluil iIhI
had previously exiiihited. Their course was noudiiidoll
towards the vessel ; and, as it gradually iicartd that liilintl
the ro|ie by which the strange lo(dung object wassiniriil
could he distinctly tlioU);li liiinlly seen with the li lr.-(ii((.l
It was impossible to say whether llie latter, \vliaU\a<l
might he, was urged by some invisible means, or iiiirjl
lloated in thi! wake of the boat; for, ullhougli llic « vKril
Ihrmigb which it passed ran rippling and foaininjr li^l
their course, this ell'eet might have been producdl hvin
boat which preceded it. As it now ttp|iroaehed Ihcvi'sHl
it presented the appearanc(^ of a deiiRo wood ol' onl
greens, tho overhanging branches of which ilescniiWl
eio.io to tho water's edge, and ballled every atlcnipl il
llie cousins to discover its true character, 'i'he lioal li
now arrived within a hmidred yards of the srlii»it!f|
when a man was seen to rise from its bows, and, pulli^
bolh his hands to his mouth, alUr the manner of mild
m hailing, to continue in that position lor some inonicnlll
appineiilly converHing with Ihoso who were (iiiiii|Hd«h
t!.e nearest gangway. Then were olmerved rapid mon
Dut Imrk 1 tluK
ist be oil". C!onif,
liis hand to i)k,
oil is !" Dbsetvcd
1 HOW diSii|iiKarKl
it he has reminded
nnd that is to jiivc
lilcd all the olKtcrs
irntion of tlie piaix
c tho first linio v.c
nmciiccmentorthii
ara, to do honour lu
usin, shudderiiij. s
rrid i.-iclH will be
■ affectation of list
J far overooine my
with thcin. Tlicto
[ht nothing of tliesi
vilnesscd nnd heard
[ shall never Ik; alk
;o again. Ah 1" she
the lake, wliile she
of licr companion;
vo were both at llm
and in sight of kj
I.
bllowcd those of Im
of the pcliooner, Willi
past and nntlei|»tioii<
ir minds. AVIku liny
neo of human lifokii
there was stronj ni.
y. Numerous \KHaa
d fro, their heads just
resently they Iwlitldi
ide, a..d shoot rapidly
;ll.known bearings of
continued to gt\K m
f the light vesM'l, ai
as to tlie cause ol'i
I'roin tho circumslautt
moment in the fun
Ito attend the couneil,
Ihject was dindy sfcn,
10 in front of the kit
Iliad ibrined one of Ik
during their loiij; im.
r (wrcpivcd o dark imi
heavily along (lie lake,
Id tlie boat. This to I
liiiimt it loonu'tl lirffi
bulk in the same f r».
,1110 lossdistiiicl:fliri,
i;it distance, in \\li:l|
litre was iimie, not ill
! course of a featUil
pt where the dividir.!
lie waters, the \vkf;l
pall! nnd liquid I'li
[et, and the men inllK
lirs, while one in 'm
laeliiiig a roiie In h\
Ills there was » ccssj
gain the aelivc audi
Ireiicwed, and willia
iirous than lliul iIhiI
jrKO was now JiKcltJI
Illy neared Ihal lal'titl
W objeel was sieiirill
fen with the liliMunl
.- latter, wbaliiaiil
jble means, iir iiurcil
[, allhoiigh the vviKtil
,' niul foaiiiini; I'cul
xi'n prodiiei'd hyll«l
ppriiaolied iIh-vc-sII
lU iifio wood 111" tvfl
of which dcKcoiiiHj
led every iillfni|it
tu'ter. The ho;il In
(la of tho scliim^
its bowf, ami, liiilln
III! manner of rai!«
,11 for some iiK'iun
ower«iiriiiiH«l'<
ibserveil rapid ii««
WACOIISTA, Oil TIIK PROPIiriCV.
:j5
iciits oil the decks; and men were seen lihsteiiing
"lort, and standing out ujion the foremast yards. T'his,
however, had offered no interruption to the exertions of
the boatmen, who still kept i>lying with a vigour that set
veil the sail-less vessel in motion, as the foaming water,
thrown from their bending oar-blades, dashed angrily
nirainst her prow. Soon atlcrwards both the boat and
her prize dlsapiieared on the opposite side of the seliooner,
which, now lying with her broadside immediately on a
Hie w'ilh the shore, completely hid thcin from the further
view of the cousins.
u Look I Look!" said Clara, clinging sensitively and
with alarm to the almost maternal bosom against which
fho rejiosed, while she pointed with lier finger to another
(lark mass that was moving through the lake in a circu-
hr sweep from the jroint of wood terminating tlio clear-
in" on the right of the fort.
'jlisa de Haldimar threw the glass on the object to
wliicli her attention was now directed. It was evidently
foino fiirrcd animal, and preiicnted all the appearance
cither of a large water-rat or a beaver, the latter of which
it was pronounced to lie as a nearer approach rendered
ita shape more distinct. Ever and anon, too, it disap-
iirarcd altogether under tho water ; and, when it again
came in sight, it was always several yards nearer. Its
course, at first circuitous, at length took a direct line
with tlic stern of the boat, where the sailor who was in
cliarffo still lay extended at liis drowsy length, liia tar-
paulin hat shading his eyes,artd his aims folded over his
uncovered and heaving chest, while lu continued to .sleep
na profoundly as if he had been co'nfortably berthed in
his hammock in the middle of the Atlantic.
" What a large bold animal it is," remarked Clara, in
the tone of one who wishes to ho confirmed in an im-
ssion but indifferently entertained. " Sec how close
it approaches the Iwat ! Had that lazy sailor but his wits
nlmut him, ho might easily knock it on tlie head with his
|mr. It is — it is a iKiavcr, Madeline ; I can c'istinguish
jits head even with the naked eye."
" Hi'aven grant it may be a beaver," answered Miss de
laldiniar, in a voice so deep and full of meaning, that it
nade her cousin startle and turn paler even than before.
Nay, ("^lara, dearest, command yourself, nor give way
111 wli;'t iiiay, aiU'r all, prove a groundless cause of alarm.
i'ct, I know not how it is, my heart misgives me sadly ;
for I like not tlic motions of tliis animal, which are
ranifely and unusually bold. But this is not all : a
raver or a rat might ruffle tho mere surface of the
atcr, yet this leaves l)chind it a deep and gurgling fur.
inv, as if tho clement had been ploughed to its very bot-
1. Observe how the lake is agitated and discoluured
licrcver it has |mssed. Moreover, I dislike this sudden
iiisllc on board the seliooner, knowing, us I do, there n
lot an otlicer present to order the movements now visibly
oing forward. The men are evidently getting up the
lior; and see how her sails arc loosem^d, apparently
lutling the breeze, as if she would fly to avoid some
lircatcned danger. Would to heaven this couneil scene
ere over ; for I do, as much as yourself, dearest Clara,
islnist these cruel Indians !"
\ sijfnificanl gesture from her trembling cousin again
r\v hir ntt<!ntion from the vessel to the boat. The ani-
jl, which now exhibited the dolicato and glossy fur of
10 l«'aver, had gained the stern, and remained stationary
ithin a liiol of hor quarter. Presently the sailor made
slufiiiBh movement, turning himself heavily on his
ill, ami with his face towanls his curious and ilariimf
isilinl. Ill the act the tarpr.ulin hat had I'allen iroiii
a eji's, hilt still he av;oke not. Scarcely had he settled
ini<eir in his new positimi, when, to the infinite horror
till' excited cousins, a naked human hand was raised
iin iK'iieath the surt'ace of tho lake, and jilaced upon
ic junwahi of the boat. Then rose slowly, anil still
ivercil with its ingenious disguise, first (he neck, then
islmuhlers, and finally the form, even to the iiiidwaist,
a dark and swarthy Indian, who, stonpiiig low iiiid
iiilioiisly over the sailor, now reposed the hand (hat
liinilted (he gunwale upon his lorm, while the other
J thrust searehiugly into the Ik'U encircling his waist
Miss lie llaldiinar would lave called out, to iipprisi
unhappy man of his danger; hut her voice! reflised
iilVici', and lic!r cousin was even less capable ol* cxer-
lu than herself. The deep throhbings of their hearts
rei^w audible to each; fiir the dreadful interest they
ik ia the seeiii', had excited their feelings to the most
ease sireteli of agony. At the very luoiuent, however,
with ahiiiMl sus|. !iideil animation, they e\|Hitid
"t'the kiiili: of the sn\ <go driven into the eliest of the
ijiiii;; mill nn-nspeetint sailor, the latter siiildciily
il"l up, and, instinct with the full sense of (he danger
wliich lie was iiienaecd, in less (ime lliiin we take to
describe it, seized the tiller of his rudder, the only avail-
abh! iiistriinient svitliiii his reach, and directing a power-
ful blow at the head of his ainphiljieus enemy, hiid him,
without apparent lili; or motion, across the boat.
"Almighty (JodI wiiat can this mean?" exclaimid
.Aliss de lluldiniar, as soon as she could recover her jire-
sen(!e of mind. " There is sonic fearful treachery in
agitation ; and a cloud now hang.s over all, that will soon
burst with irresistible fury on our devoted heads, (.'lara,
my love," nnd she conducted the almost fainting girl to
a R«at, " wait lure until I return. The moiiii iit is eriti-
eal, and my fiithcr must Ix; njiprisod of whnt we have
seen. Unless the gates of the fort be instantly closed,
we are lost."
"Ok, Madeline, leave me not alone," entreated the
sinking Clara. " We will go together. Perhaps I may
be of service to you below."
" The thought is good ; but have you strength nnd
courage to face the dark chiefs in the comieil-rnoni. If
so, hasten there, and put my father on his guard, while
I fly across the parade, and warn ('aptain Baynton of
the danger."
With these words she drew the arm of her agitated
cousin within her own, and, rapidly traversing the apart-
ment, gained the bed-room which opened close upon the
head of the principal staircase. Already were tlu!y de-
scending the first steps, when a loud cry, that sent a
thrill of terror through their blood, was heard from with-
out the fort. For a moment Miss de Ilul^liinar continued
irresolute; nnd leaning against (lie rude balustrade for
support, passed her hand rapidly acrosi her brow, as if
to collect her scattered energies. The necessity for
prompt and immediate iictiou was, however, evident;
and she alone was capable of exertion. Speechless with
alarm, and trembling in every joint, the unliap|>y Clara
had now lost all coimiiand of her limbs ; and, clinging
close to the side of her cousin, by her wild looks alone
betrayed consciousness had not wholly deserted her.
The energy of desijuir lent more than woman's strength
to Miss (le Haldimar. She caught the fainting girl in
licr arms, retraced her way to the ehamher, and deposit-
ing her burden on the bed, emphatically enjoined her on
no aeciiuiil to move until her return. She then quitted
tho room, and rapidly descended the staircase.
For ranie moments all was still and hushed as the
wavelcss air; and then again a louel chorus of shouts was
heard from the ramparts of the Ibrt. The choked breath-
ing of the young girl became more free, and tho blood
rushed once more from her oppressed heart to tho ex-
tremities. Never dht tones of tho human voice fall more
gratefully on the ear of mariner cast on sonic desert
island, than did those on that of the highly excited Clara.
It was the loud laugh of the soldiery, who, collected along
the line of ram|>art in front, were watching the progress
of the ball-players. Cheered by the welcome sounds, she
raised herself from the bed to satisfy her eye her ear had
not deceived her. T'lic windows of both hed-ehanihers
ooked immediately on the barrack square, and com-
maiided a full view of the principal entrance. From that
at which she now stood, the revived but still anxious girl
could distinctly sec all that was passinjf in front. The
ramparts were covered with soldiers, who, armed merely
with their bayonets, stood grouped in careless attitudes —
some with their wives lenniiig on their arms — others with
their ehililreii upraised, that tlii'y might the lietter observe
the enlivening sports without — some lay iiidohntly with
their legs overhanging the works — odiers, nssuuiiug pu-
gilistie attitudes, dealt their harmless blows ot each
other, — and all were blended together, men, women, and
ehildriMi, with that heedlessness of thought that told how
little of distrust existed within their breasts. The sohliers
of the guard, too, exhibited the same air of cnliii and un-
siispeetiiig eontiileiiee; some walking to and iVo within
the squnre, while the greater portion either mixed with
their eomiailrs above, or, with arms Iblik , legs eare-
h'ssly erossi'il, and pipe in iiioutii, leant lazily against the
gate, and|gazed beyond tho lowered drawbridge on the
Indian games.
A mountain weight seemed to have been lemovi d from
the liri,'nsl of Clara at this sight, as she now dropped upon
her kiiica before the window, ned raised her haiiels in
pious aekuowledgment to heaven.
" Ahuiglitytioil, I thank tliee,"slie fervently exclaimed,
her eye oiire iiinie lighting up, and her elii ek half suf-
fiised with hhishes at her late vague and idle li'ais; while
she eiulnaeed, at a single glance, the whole of the glad-
ileiiing iiiid iiis|iirilitig scene.
While her soul was yet upturned windier her words
had gone betbre, her ears were again assiiileil by sounds
that eurdled her bhiod, nnd made her spring (o her feet
as if stricken by a hiillct through thr heart, or powerfillly
touched by some electric fluid. It was the we'llknowii
\iid devilish war-cry of the savages, startling tJie very air
Ihrough which it jiassed, and falling like a deadly blight
upon the spirit. With a mcchauieal and desperate etlurt
t courage, the unhaiqiy girl turned her eyes below, and
there met images of death in their most ap]ialliiig sliajHS.
Hurry and confusixm and despair were every where visi-
ble; tor a hand of Indians were ulri!ady in the (brt, nnd
these, fast succeeded by others, rushed like a torrent into
the square, and commenced their dreadful work of but.
chery. Many of the terrified soldiers, without thinking of
drawing their bayonets, flew down the ramparts in order
to gain their respective block-houses for their muskets :
but these every where met death from the crashing toma-
hawk, short rifle, or gleaming knife;— others who had
presence of mind suflieicnt to avail tluniselves of their
only weapons of defence, rushed down in the fury of
des|ieration on the yelling fiends, resolved to sell their
lives as dearly as possihk'; and for some minutes an ob-
tinate contest was maintained: but (he vast supcrir.rity
of tho Indian numbers triumphed ; and although the men
fought with all the fierceness of despair, forcing their
way to the block-houses, their mangled corses strewed
the area in every direction. Neither was the horrid
butchery confined to these. Women clinging to their
husbands for |irotectioii, and, in the recklessness of their
despair, impeding the ctVorts of the latter in their self,
defence — children screaming in trrror, or supplicating
mercy on their bended knees — infiints clasped to their
[larcnts' breasts, — all alike sunk under (lie unpitying
steel of the blood-thirsty savages. At ttin guard-house
the principal stand had been made; for at fur/ first rush
into the fort, the men on duty had gained their station,
uid, having made fast the harricaeles, opened their fire
iqion the enemy. Mixed pele-mele as thty were with
the Indians, many of the Knglisli were shot by their own
comrades, who, in the confiision of the moment, were in-
capable of taking a cool nnd discriminating aim. These,
however, were finally overcome. A band of desperate
Indians rushed upon the main door, and with repeated
blows from tlicir tomahawks and massive wnr-ehibs, suc-
ceeded in demolibliiiig it, while others diverted the fire
of those within. Tho door once forced, the struggle was
loon over. Every man of the guard [icrished, and their
sealpless and disfigured forms were thrown out to sv ell
the number of tho.se tliat already deluged the square
with their blood.*
Even amid all tho horrors of this terrific scene, (ho
agonised Clara preserved her consciousness. The very
imminence of the danger endued her with strength to
embrace it under all its most disheartening aspects ; nnd
she, whose mind had been wrought up to the highest
pitch of powerlul excitement by the mere preliminary
threntenings, was com|)aratively collected under the
catastrophe itfclf. Deatli, certain death, to all, she saw
was inevitable; and while her perception at once em-
braced the futility of all uttenipls at escape from the
general doom, she snatched from despair the power to
follow its gloomy details without being annihilated under
their weight.
The confusion of the garrison had now reached its
acmo of horror. The shrieks of women nnd (he shrill
erics of children, as they severally nnd fruitlessly fled
fVoni the death certahi to overtake (hem in the end, — the
cursings of the soldiers, the ycllings of the Indiana, (he
rc]i(ir(s of rifles, luid (lie crashings of tomahawks; — tlie;-e,
with the stamping of liiinian feet in the death striM'gle
mniiitained in (he eouneil-rooin below between the ehiels
and the oiliccrs, and which shook tlie bloek-house (o i(s
very foiuielation, all mixed up iii terrible chorus together,
might lia\e called up a not inapt image of hell to the be-
wildered and eonlbunding brain. And yet (he sun shone
in yellow lustre, and all nature smiled, and wore an air
of ealiii, as if the neeursed deed h:id had the sanction of
heaven, and the spirits of light loved to look upon the
frighlfid atrocities then in perpetration.
In the first distraction of her spirit, Clara had iiKerly
lost nil reeollectinn of her cousin ; but now that she had,
with unnatural desperation, brought her mind to bear
u|Kin the fiercest points of the grim reality, she turned
her eye every where amid the scene of death in search
of the fbini of her beloved Madeline, whom she did nol
remember to have seen eioss the parade in piirsunnee of
the purpose she had named. \\ bile she yet gared fear-
fiilly from the window, loud bursts of minglid Hngiiisli
and rage, that were almost drowned in (he fiercer yells
with which they were blended, ascended from the groiuid
• See Thachcr's Indian Biography, mid the other work*
already referred (o. The ahove is historically true, unti
scarculy exaggerated. — £'</.
Wfdm
r,''lti; ' .] . , ; i,,.K
,, :,„:
M^^
^im
■'■'■!.. V-'jl
m
2IG
■»vacoi:nt,v, ok tiik prophecy.
I
b-:>9
! '■'AT'**'
! r*5*...v ■;'' •
lloor of tlm lilock-lioiisu. TIil'si' liad liitlurlo Ikcii «ii|)-
presxril, um if tliu des|K'iiilc iiUack of tlic cliic Is oi> tin;
oIKccra liiid been made witli closed duors. N'tnv, however,
there was ail evident oiitbursl of all parties into the pass-
age ; and there the 3trii;ja;lo appeared to be desperately
and fearfidly maintained. In the iiiiilst of tliat cliaotiu
Mxnc, the loud and pioreinj; shriek of a female rose far
above the discordant yell ereii of the sa\ ;;es. There
was an instant of pause, and then the crashing of a skull
was licurd, and the eonfn^iion was greater than before ;
shrieks, uud groans, and curses, and supplications rent
tlio air.
Tlio first single nlirtek oanic froni Madelino dc Jlaldi-
mar, and vibrated through every chord of the heart on
which it sank. SearecTy conscious of what slie did,
C;iara, quitting tlio window, onec more gained the top of
the .staireiidc, and at the extremity of her voice called on
the name of lior cousin in the most piteous accent.-*. S>be
was answered by a loud shout from tlie yelling band ;
and i)resently bounding I'uct and screaming voices were
heard ascending the stairn. The teriiticd girl fancied at
tJie moment sho heard a door open on the floor iunnc-
diiitcly below her, and some one dart suddenly up the
flight connnunicaling with tlie epot on which she stood.
AVithout waiting to (satisfy herself, she rushed with all
the mecluinioal instinct of sclf-presorvalion back into her
own aimrtinent. As sho passed the l)ed room window,
slie gliuiced onco moro hastily iuto the area below, and
there beheld a sight that, filling her soul with despair,
paralysed all farlii«r oxcrtion. A tall savage was bear-
ing otr tha a|>pareutly lifeless form of her cousin through
the coml>atant3 iu the square, her white dress stained all
over with blood, aud her beautiful liair loosened and
trailing on the ground. She followed with I'ci burning
eyes until tlioy passed the drawbridije, and finally disap-
peared Iwliind the intervening rampart, and then bowing
her head between her hands, and sinking upon her knees,
she reposed her forehead agaiuFt the sill of the window,
and awaited unshrinkingly, yet in a stoto of inconceivable
agony, the coiLsunuaation of licr own unhappy destiny.
The sounds of ase<;nding feet were now heard in the
passage without; and presently, while llio clangour of a
thousand demons seemed to ring througiiout the up])er
|)art of tlio building, a man rushed furiously into the
room. Tiic blood of the young girl curdled in her veins.
She mechanically grasjK'd tlic ledge of the window on
which her aching head still reposed, and with her eyes
firmly closed, to shut out ftoin view the Ikiul whose
sight she dreaded, even inoro than the death whieli
threatened her, (juietly awaited the blow that was to
tcrininate at once her misery an<l her life. Scarcely,
howevei', had the ftct of the intruder pressed the sanctu-
ary of her bcdchamlict, when the heavy door, strongly
studded with nails, was pushed rapidly to, and bolt and
lock were he.ixd sliding into their several sockets. Be-
fore ('lara could raise her head to discover the cau.se of
this movement, she felt her.self firmly secured in the
grasp of an encircling arm, and borne hastily through
the room. An instinctive s.'v.v! of soniPthing worse even
than death now flashed across the mind of the nidiappy
girl; and while ."ihc feared to unclose her eyes, she
struggled violently to disengage herself.
"Clara! dear Miss do Ilaldiinar, do you not know
mc ?" exclaimed her supporter, while placing her for a
moment on a scat, he proceeded to secure the fastenings
of the second door, that led from tho bedehanibcr into
the larger apartment,
Re-assnred by the tones of a voice wliicli, even in that
dreadful moment of trial and destruction, were familiar
to hi'r car, the trembling girl opened her eyes wildly
upon her protector. A sliglit scream of terror marked
her painful sense of the recngnitioji. It was Captain
Hayflton whom she beheld : but how unlike the officer
who a few minutes before had been conversing witli her
froi.1 the ramparts. His fine hair, matted with blood,
now Imng loosely and disliginingly over his eyes, and
his pallid face and brow were covered with gore s|)ots,
the evident spalterings from the wounds of others; while
a stream tliai issued from one siile of his head attiisted he
himself had not escaped unhurt in the cruel melee. A
skirt and. a lappel had been torn from his imiliirin, which,
togilher with other portions of his dre.ss, were now
stained in various parts by the blood contiuilully flowing
from hit wound.
" Oh, Captain naynton," murmured tho fainting girl,
her whole soul sinking within her, as she gazed slniddiT-
iiigly on his person, " is there no hope for us .' must we
die ?"
" No, by heaven, not while I have Btrength to save
froii," returned tliu oHicer, with energy. " If tho savages
lava nut pouetrated to thu rwir, wc may yet escape. I
saw the postern open just now, on my passage round the
rampart, and the boat of the schooner up<in the strand.
Ila!" he exelaiined, as he flew to the window, and cast
his eye rapidly l)elow, " we are lost ! The gate is still clear,
and not an Indian to be seen ; but the coward sailor is
pulling lor his life towards the vessel. Ilut hold! another
boat is now (luilting the ship's side. See, how man-
fully they give themselves to the oars : in a few minutes
they will be here. Come, Clara, let us fly 1" aftd again
he caught her in his arms, and bore her across the room.
Ilark, hear you not the exulting yellings of the iiioii-
slcrs ? They are forcing the outer door: mark how they
redouble their efforts to break it open I That passed, but
one mora litirrier remains between us and iiicvitablu and
instant death."
" And my cousin, my uncle !" shrieked tho unhappy
girl, as the ollicer now bore her rapidly down tho back
staircase.
" l)li, ask me not !" exclaimed Haynton : " wero I to
linger again on all I have witnessed, I should go mad.
\ll, all have perished I but, hark 1"
A tremendous yell now bursting from the passage, an-
nounced at once the triumph of the savages in having
efTected an entrance into the bed-room, and their disap-
pointment at finding their jiursuit baulked by a second
door. Presently afterwards their heavy weapons were to
hn heard thundering at this new obstacle, in the most
furious manner. This gave new stimulus to tlu; exer-
tions of the generous officer. Each winding of the stair-
case was familiar to him, and he now descended it with
a rapidity which, considering the burden that reposed
against his chest, could only have been inspired by his
despair. The llight terminated at a door that led directly
upon tho rampart, without communicating with any of
the passages of the building ; and in this consisted the
principal lacilily of escape: for, in order to reach them,
the savages must either make the eircuit of the block-
house, or overtake them in the course they were now
(bllowing. In this trying emergency, the presence of
mind of the young officer, wounded and bleediiig as he
was, did not desert him. On quitting the larger apart-
nu^it above, he had secured the outside fastenings of a
small door at the top of the stairs, and having now gained
the bolloin, he took a similar precaution. All that re-
mained was to unclose the bolts of the ponderous door
that opened upon their final chance of escape : this was
.speedily done, but here the feelings of the ollicer were
put to a severe test. A rude partition divided him from
the fatal council-room ; and while he undid the fastenings,
the faint and dying groans of his butchered brother olli
rers rung in his cars, even at the nioiuent that he felt his
leet dabbling in the blood that oozed through the impcr.
feedy closed planks of which the partition was composed
As for Clara, she was insensible to all that was passing
From the moment of the Indian yell, announcing their
entry into the bed-room, she had fainted.
Tho huge door came now creaking back uixm its
hinges, when the sounds of the yet unfinished conflict in
front, which had hitherto been deadened in their de-
scent through tho remote staircase, rang onco more
fiercely and starlingly upon the car. A single glance
satisfied Captain liayuton the moment for exertion was
come, and that the way to the lake shore, which, by
some strange oversight, both the Indians and the men
had overlooked, was perfectly clear. He clasped liis un-
conscious burden closer to his chest, and then, setting his
life u|H)nUieciu!t, hastened down the few steps that led to
tlic rampart, and dashed rapidly through tlie postern ; in
the next inimite ho stood on the uttermost verge of the
sands, unharmed and unfollowi'd. He cast his eyes
anxiously along the surface of the lake; but such was the
excitement and confusion of his mind, produced by the
horrid recollection of the past scene, it was not until hi'
had been abruptly hailed from it, he could sec a boat, at
the distance of about two hundred yards, the crew of
wliieh were lying on their oars. It was tho long-boat of
the schooner, wliieh, prevented from a nearer approach
by a sand bar that ran along the lako to a coneiclerable
extent, had taken her stiifion there to receive fJie fugi-
fives. Two tall young men in the dress, yet having lit.
tie the mien, of eoninion sailors, were standing up in
her stern; and one of these, wit': evident auxiely in his
manner, called on Hayiiton by name to make the best
of his way to the boat. At that moment a loud and
frantic yell eaino from tlie block-house the latter had just
quitted. In the wild impulse of his excited feelings, he
answered with a cheer of defiance, as he turned to disco
ver the precise jKiiiit wlicnci! it proceeded, Tho windows
of tho apartment so ri'cenlly occupied by llio unhappy
coiuiiiBi wcru darkened witii ouvagc forms, who iiuw
pealed forth their iningled fury aud disappoinlincnt ;„
the most terrific muimcr,
" t'ly, fly, Uaynton, or you arc lost I" exclaiiiifd He
same voice from tlie boat ; " the devils are levelling from
the windows."
While lie yet spake, several shots came v^hizzingalD,,,
the waters, and a spent hall even struck tlu! now rapii||y
fleeing officer in the back ; but the distance was loij
great for serious injury. The gnus of the savages limj
lieen cut so short for their desperate enterprise, that ih,..
carried little further than a liorse pistol.
Again, in the desperation of his feelings, and liccilb,
of the danger he was drawing on himself and cliiirgp, ||,i.
ollicer turned fiircely round and shouted, at his ulinosi
lungs, n peal of triumph in the ears of his eu'injc,
Scarcely, Imwever, had the sounds escaped hih lip, i
when two liidroiisly painted Indians sjirang through iln'
|)ostern, and, silent as the s|icctres they rc^iiiihy
rushed down the sands, and thence into the lake, huud
shouts from the windows above were again pealed I'orlli I
and from the consternation visible on the fealuris oi'
lho.se within the boat, the nearly exhausted Bavmon
learnt all the risk he incurred. Rnmmoning all jiis
strength, he now made the most desperate efforlg lo
reach his friends. The lake was little more than knee dciii
from the shore to the bar, but, encumbered as he was, iIk
difficulty oi>|)osi(l to his movements was immcasurallv
againsl him, and yet he seemed generously resolved raUiii
to jicrish than relinquish bis cliargc. Already were lii)
pursuers, now closely followed by a numerous land
within twenty yards of him, when the two young men,
each uriiied with a cutlass and pistol, sjirangfrom the boii
upon the sand bar : as the Indians came on they fired de-
liberately at them, but Iratli missed their aim, Eucou-
raged by this failure, tlie fearless devils dashed eagcili I
nil, brjuidisliing their gleaming tomahawks, but uttcrinf I
not a sound. Already was the unfortunate Baynlon I
within a (iw feet of the bar, when ho felt that tlic savago I
were immediately upon him, |
" Take, take, lor Ood's sake, take her I" ho cried, u I
with a desperato effort he threw the light form of the I
still unconscious girl into the arms of one of the yoi ;l
men, " My strength is quite exliausted, and I can do m |
more."
For the first time a yell burst from the lips of tlic p^^ I
suing savages, as they saw him, to whom the guardim. I
ship of the wretched Clara was now confided, suddenly I
spring from the sand bar into the lake, and in afeil
rapid strokes gain the side of the boat. Leaving flic hap. I
less Itayiiton to be disposed of by his companion, tlie I
foremo.Ht darted upon the bank, burniHg witli disappoint.!
nicnt, and resolved to immolate anotlier victim, Foril
moment he balanced his tomahawk, and then witli t)i) I
rii])idity of thought, darted it at the covered head of tie I
youth who still Ifngercd on the bar, A well-timed movc-l
mciit of the latter averted the blow, and the whijiinfl
steel passed harmlessly on, A guttural " ugh !" marknil
the dis.appointincnt of the Indian, now reduced to liil
scalping-knife ; but before he could determine wlictlierlol
advance or to retreat, his opponent had darted unonliim,!
and with a single blow from his cutlass, cicfl jiis skiill
nearly asunder. Tho next instantaneous purpose of titl
victor was to advance to tho rescue of the exhaustfjl
Dayuton; but, when ho turned to look for him, he till
the mangled form of what had once been that galkll
and handsome oflicer floating, without life or motion, nl
the blood-stained surface of the Huron, while his fiendiilil
murderer, calmly awaiting the approach nf his compi.1
nions, held up the reeking scalp, in triumph, to the vitnl
of the slill yelling groups within the Uock-housc, I
"Noble, generous, self-devoted fellow !" exclaimed ikil
youth, as he fixed his burning tearless eye for i iiiomtitl
on the unfortunate victim ; " even you, then, ure noil
spared to tell the horrid slory of this butchery; yetlsliil
fate of the fallen far, far more enviable than that oflliMil
who have survived this day." Mo then eoniiiiitlcd kil
cutlass to its sheath; and, leaping into tlic deep wiIaI
that lay beyond the bar, was, in a few seconds, oncil
more in the .stern of the boat.
Meanwhile, the numerous band, who followed theil
two first liereo comrades into the lake, bounded rnpiJ;!
forward: and, so active were their movements, tUtjif
almost tho same moment when the second of thcyoulli
had gained his temporary placeof refuge, they stood yd
ing and screaming on the sand bar he had justljnilli^
Two or three, excited to iIes|K'ratioii by the blood tl
had seen spill, plunged unhesitatingly into the o|i|X
depths of the lake; and the foremosl of tliesewasll
destroyer of the ill-fiited Uaynton. tVitli his liloo
scalping-knife closely clutched iH'tweon his tcoth, mit>
tomuhawk iu his right hand, this fierce warrior buf
The Bun had ;
floriousncss of hii
now fast desceni
Flight breeze was
the land, ihe grii
many an anxious 1
makinjf vain attcti
day, now urged lit
inf element. A c
the low gruff voict
technical language
meat of the vcss<
decks. The dress
Idual announced h
Ivice; and it was ev
Iffhich he s|)oke, he
Ipnrary nominand.
Itouls, ami eliielly V
lUed along the gan;
Ijiistols in the iHilt, v
llua around bis loii
JMveral guns that
llookiiig ports, as if
lilUmu^rh (ho arniiii
jparation, there was
•ndanimationof fea
tlurnelcrisc tho ind
wiie Blood leaning
jiinst tho rigginji
i»ny along the huh
111 hoarding ; others,
piesls, gazed earncsi
fii't in the (listanc<i
"111 tianie iVniii whit
rllofthow who, h
WACOUSTA, OR THE PROPHECV.
24V
iliea|)|ioiDtiii('iit ill
it !" exclaimed il^
i arc levelling from
imc wliizzing along
ck llii' now rapidly
distance wua tog
of the savages hail
lulcrprisc, that tlift
ol.
clings, and hccillos
iselt'andeliaigf, tilt
utcd, at Ills utmost
ars of liis eriiiiiii!.
s escaped hib lipi.,
sjirang through iht
■es they rcseinlilci),
into the lake. ImiI
e again jienled I'orlli,
on the fuaturis of
exhausted Baynloii I
fiunnnoning oil liis
desperate efforts to
: more than knee (Inp
nhcredus hcwas, iIk |
3 was imincasurablj
rously resolved ralliii |
p. Already were I
ly a numerous Uuid, I
, the two young raer,
, sprang ftom the bojt
canio on they fired dc-
;d their aim. Eiicou'
devils dashed eagerly I
lahawks, but uttciin;
unfortunate Baynton I
he felt that Uic savagti I
ke her 1" ho cried, a I
the light forn\ of tht |
(IS of one of the yoi ; I
LUsted, and I can do m |
rom the lips oftllepu^
lo whom the guardian.
LOW confided, suddenly
he lake, and in a few ]
)oat. Leaving the hap.
Iby his companion, to
iruiiig witli disappolnl.
inotlier victim. Fori
[vk, and then with tin
10 covered head of tht
jr. A well-timed move
low, and the whiziinjl
tural " ugh !" inarkci
now reduced to liu
determine wlietlifrto
had darted upon liiu,
cutlass, cleft his skul
ancous purpose of lit
tcue of the cxhaustri
look for him, hcsn
ince been that gallul
lout life or motion, m
[ron, whil'.! his ficndiiil
iproach of his eom|»
. triumph, to the vit»[
fie block-houso.
How!" exclaimed Ihi
[less eye for t iiiomd
li you, then, an m
is butchery; yetisM
ible than lliat of Uh*
|o then comiiiitted kal
into tlie deep wibI
a few seconds, oiKil
I, who followed ttel
llake, boimdcd rapiJlj
Ir movements, thai,''
1 second of the youil
Icfugc, they stood jd
*, he had just (luillt
i)n by the blood I'
ligly into the oppi
lost of tliese \vn»(
.. With his *
t'cnhistcrth,aiiJl
tree warrior bu'
(lie waves lustily with ono arm, and, noiselessly as in
the early irnrt ofhis pursuit, urged his way towards the
1-uil. In the stern of this a few planks Ironi the schooner
had been firmly lashed, to servo as a shield against the
weapons of the savages, and was so arranged as lo con-
ceal all witliin while retiring from the shore. A small
ijpcrturc had, however, been liored for the purpose of
oteervin" the movements of tho enemy without risk.
Through this an eye was now directed, while only the
blades of the oar-i were to be seen projecting from the
'Mi'i s'''''' 8' ^''"y reposed in their rowlocks. Encou.
raged by the seeming apathy and inertness of the crew,
the swimming savages paused not to consider of con-
Bcnuenccs, but continued their daring course as if they
had apprehended neither risk nor resistance. Presently
a dcsiwratc siJusli was heard near the stern of tho boat,
and the sinuous form of the first savage was raised above
llio gunwale, his grim face looking devilish in its
nmeared war-paint, and his fierce eyes gleamin<; anri
rolling like fire-balls in their sockets. Scarcely was he seen,
liowever, when ho liad again disappeared. A blow from
the cutlass that hud destroyed his companion descended
like lightning on his naked and hairless head ; and, in
the agony of death, ho might be seen grinding his teeth
oirainst the knife which the instinctive lerocity of his na-
turc forbade his relinquishing. A yell of fury burst
from the savages on the bar, and presently a shower of
hullots ran whistling through the air. .Several were
heard striking the rude rampart in the stern ; but, al-
though tlieboit was scarcely out of pistol-shot, the thick-
nessoftho wood prevented injury to those within. Ano-
ther fierce yell followed tliis volley ; and then nearly a
score of warriors, giving their guns in charge to their
fomiianions, plunged furiously into the water ; and, with
an air of the most infuriated determination, leaped rather
than swum along its surl'ace.
» Now, then, my lads, give way," said he at the look-
out; " tlicro arc more tluin a dozen of tiic devils in full
cry ; and our only chance is in flight ! Ha ! another
here 1" as, turning to issue these directions, he chanced
to see the dark hand of a savage at that moment grasping
the gunwale of the boat, as if with a view to retard her
movements until tho arrival of his companions.
A heavy blow from his cutlass accompanied these
words. The fingers, divided at their very roots, rolled to
the bottom of the boat, and the carcass of the savage
dropped, with a yell of anguish, far in the rear. The
i heavy oar-bladcs of the sear.-.cn now made |>Iay, dashing
llie lake away in sheets of foim; and, in less than five
minutes, the heads of tlic-swiniming savages were seen
[ mingling like so many rats upon the water, as tlicy re-
{ turned once more in disappointment from their fruitless
pursuit.
CHAPTER XXI T.
The sun had gone down, ns he had risen, in all the
I gloriouaness ofhis autunmal splendour, and twilight was
I now fast descending on the waters of the Huron. A
I flight breeze was just beginning to make itself felt from
I the land, the gradual rising of which was hailed by
I many an anxious heart, as the schooner, which had been
I making vain attempts to quit her anchorage during tin;
I day, now urged her light bows through the slightly curl-
ling element. A deatli-liko silence, interrupted only by
I the low grutr voice of a veteran scainaii, as he issued, in
Itcclmical laiignage, the necessary orders for the inannge-
Imcat of the vessel, prevailed every where along her
I decks. Tho dress and general appearance of tliis indivi-
Idual ainiounccd him for a iietty officer of the royal scr-
Ivice; and it was evident, from the tone of authority with
IkIiIcIi he siwkc, he was now in the enjoyment of n tom-
Ipcirary nommand. The crew, consisting of about thirty
Isouls, mill cliioHy veterans of tho same class, were asscm-
Iblfd along the gangways, each man wearing a brnco of
Ipislols in the l)«;lt, which, moreover, secured a naked eut-
liiis around his loins ; and these now lingered near the
Iwvoral guns that were thrown out from their gloomy
llooking ports, as if ready for some active service. Hut,
liltliough the arming of these men indicated hostile prc-
Iparation, there was none of that buoyancy of movement
Hand animation of fcaturo to be observed, which so usually
jcliaraclerisc tho indomitable daring of the British sailor.
Siiiiic stood leaning their heads |ionsively on their hands
,iin8t tlio rigging and Immmocks that woro stowed
kway along the bulwarks, aftur the fashion of war ships
In boarding ; otliers, with arms tightly folded across their
■bests, gazed earnestly and duspondingly on the burning
Ibrt in the distance;, amid tlic rolling volumes of smoko
Vul llanie tVnm which, ever and anon, arose tlio fiendish
Veil of thaw who, having already iack«d, wore now re-
ducing it to ashes. Nor was this the only object of their
attention. On the sand bank alluded to in o\ir last chap-
ter were to bo dimly seen through the growing dusk, the
dark outlines of many of the savages, who, frantic with
rage at tlirir inability to devote them to the same doom,
were still unwilling to quit a spot which approached
them nearest to tho last surviving objects of their enmity.
Arcmiil this |K>int were collected numerous cunoes, filled
also with warriors ; and, at the moment when the vessel,
obeying tho impulse given by her flowing sails, glided
t'roin h(T anchorage, these tbllowed, scudding in her
wake, and made a show of attacking her in the stern.
The sudden yawing of tlio schooner, hov\ever, in bring-
ing her tier of bristling ports into view, had checked tlie
ardour of the pursuuig fleet; and the discharge of a sin-
gle gun, destroying in its course three of their canoes,
and carrying death among those who directed them, had
driven them back, in the greatest hurry and confusion,
to tluir yelling and disapireinled comrades.
The alUr-deck of the schooner |)re.sciited a different,
though not l(;ss sombre and discouraging scene. On a
pile of mattrasses lay tlic light and almost inanimate form
oft'liira de llaldinmr; her fair and redundant hair over,
shadowing her pallid brow and check, and the dress she
had worn at the moment of her escape from the fort still
jpottcd with the blood of her generous but unfortunate
lU'oserver. Close .it her side, with her hands clasped in
lis, while he watched the expression of deep suflering
reflected from each set feature, and yet with the air ot
one )>re-occupi('d with some other subject of painful in-
terest, sat, on an empty shot-box, the young man in
sailor's attire, whose cutlass had |icrforincd the double
service of destroying his own immediate ojiponcnt, and
avenging the death of the devoted Baynton. At the head
of the rude couch, and leaning against a portion of the
schooner's stern-work, stood liis companion, who from
delicacy ap|)carcd to have turned away his eyes from the
group below, merely to cast them vacantly on the d uk
waters through which the vessel was now beginning to
urge her course.
Such was the immediate |>osition of this littlo party,
when the gun fired at the Indians was heard booming
heavily along the lake. The loud report, in exciting
now sourcesof alarm, seemed to have dis.sipatcd the 8|)cll
that had hitherto chained the energies and perception of
the still weak, but now highly excited girl.
" Oh, Captain Baynton, where are wc '.'" she exclaimed,
starting uji suddenly in terror, and throwing her arms
jroundhim who sat at her side, as if she would have clung
lo him for protection. " Is the horrid massacre not finished
yet ? Where is Madeline ? where is my cou.sin ? Oh,
I cannot leave the fort without her."
" Hu ! where indeed is she?" exclaimed the youtli, as
he clasped his trembling and scarcely conscious burden
to his chest, " Almighty God, wh'-re is she ?" 'I'lien,
al\er a short pause, and in a voice of tender but exquisite
anguish, " Clara, my beloved sister, do you not know me ?
It is not Baynton but your brother, who now clasps you
to his breaking heart."
A deluge of tears was the only answer of tho wretclicd
girl. 'I'hcy were tho first she had shed, — the first marks
of consciousness she had exhibited. Hitherto her heart
had been oppressed ; every fibre of her brain racked
almost to bursting, and filled only with ghastly flitting
visions of the dreadflil horrors she had seen perpetrated,
she had continued, since the moment of her fainting in
the block-house, as ono beiffl of all memory of the past,
or apprehension of the present. But now, the full out-
|K)uring of her grief relieved hci»overcliarged brain and
heart, even while the confused images floating before
her recollection acquired a more tangible and painful
character. She raised herself a moment from the chest
on which her bnrning head re|)oscd, looked steadfastly in
tho face that hung anxiously over her own, and saw in.
deed that it was her brother. Sho tried to speak, hut
she could not utter a word, for the memory of all that
had occurred that fatal morning rushed with mountain
weight upon her fainting spirit, and again sho wept, arid
more bitterly than before.
Tho young man pressed her in silence to his chest ;
nor was it until she had given full vent to her grief, that
ho ventured to address hor on tho subject of his own
immediate sorrows. At length, when she appeared
somewhat calm, ho observed, in a voice broken by emo-
tion, —
" Clara, dearest, what account have you to give me of
Madeline 7 Has she shared the fate of all 7 or have you
reason to suppose her life lias been spared /"
Another burst of teors succeeded to these questions, fur
coupled with the name of her cousin arose all tho horrid
asEociatioitg connected witli her loei. As toon, however,
as she could nomjiosc herself, sli< briefly stated all she
had witnessed of the ufliiir, from the moment when the
boat of the schooner was seen to meet the strange link-
ing object on the water, lo that when she had tichekl licr
ill-fated cousin borne away apparently lifeless in the
arms of the tall Indion by whom she had been captured.
During this recital, the heart of Captain do Holdinmr, —
for it was he, — beat audibly against the cheek that still
reposed on his breast; but when his sister had, in a faint
voice, closed her melancholy narrative with the manner
of her cousin's disappearance, he gave a sudden start,
uttering iit the same time nn exclamation of joy.
" Thank God, she still lives !" he cried, pressing his sis-
ter once more in fondness to his heart ; then turning to
his companion, who, although seemingly abstracted, had
licon a sih;nt and attentive witness ot the scene, — " By
heaven ! VuUetorf, Ihere is yet a hoiic. She it was indeed
whom we saw borne out of the fort, and sHbseqncntly
made to walk by the cruel Indian who had charge of
her."
" Valletort, Vallctort," murmured Clara nnconsciotisly,
her sick heart ihrobbing with she knew not what. "How
is this, Frederick 7 — Where, then, is Cluptain Baynton 7
and how came you here ?"
" Alas 1 (Tiara, iKwr Baynton is no more. Even at tho
moment when he confided the unconscious burden,
preserved at the peril of his own life, to the arms of Sir
Evcrard here, he fell beneath the tomahawk of a pur.-^uiiig
savage. Poor, noble, generous Baynton," he continued,
mournfully ; " to him, indeed, Clara, are you indebted lor
your lite ; yet Wis it purchased at the price of his own."
Again the pained and affectionate girl wept bitterly,
anil her brother proceeded :^
" The strange object you saw on the lake, my love, vi-as
nothing more than a canoe disguised with leafy boughs,
in which Sir Everard Valletort and myself, under tho
guidance of old Francois of the Flour de lis, whom you
must recollect, have made the dangerous passage of Ihu
Sinclair in the garb of duck hunters, — which latter wc
had only discarded on reaching the schooner, in order lo
assume another we conceived better suited lo our pur.
pose. Alas !" and he struck his hand violently against
his brow, "had we made directly for the shore without
touching the vessel at all, tlicre might have been time to
savi; those we came to apprise of their danger. Do you
not think there was, Valbtorl 7"
" Most assuredly not," returned his companion, anxi-
ous to remove the impression of self-blame that existed
in the mind of Captain du Haldimar. " From the mo-
ment of our reaching the schooner, which lay imme-
diately in our route, to that when the shout was raised
by the savages as they rushed into the fort, there was
scarcely an interval of three minutes ; and it would have
required a longer period to have enabled us even to gain
the shore."
" Thank, thank you for that!" exclaimed the officen
drawing himself up with the air of one who breathes
more freely. " I would not, for the wealth and honours
of the united world, that such a cause for self-reproaeli
should linger on my mind. By heaven ! it would break
my heart to think we had been in time to save then*, and
yet had lo.it the opportunity through even one moment of
neglect." Then turning once more to his 8ist<:r, — "Now,
Clura, that I sec you in safety, I have another sacred
duty to perform. I must leave you, but not alone."
" What mean you, Frederick ?" exclaimed his ngl-
fated sister, clinging more closely to his embrace,
" Scarce have we met, and you talk of leaving nic. Oh,
whitlier would you go 7"
" Surely, my love," and he spoko half rcprooeliAiIIy,
although with tenderness of accent, "my meaning must
\)e obvious. But what do I say 7 You know it not.
Madeline still lives. \Ve saw her, as wc pulled towards
the shore, led across the cleoring in the direction of
Chabouiga. Hear me, then : tho canoe in which we
came is still towing from tho vessel's stern, ond in this
do I mean to embark, without further loss of tims, in
search of her who is dearer to me than existence. I
know," he pursued with emotion, " I have but little hope
of rescuing, even if I do succeed in finding her : but at
least I shall not have to sufTer under the seTf-repronch of
having neglected the only chance that now lies within
my reach. If she be doomed to die, I shall then have
nothing lefl to live for except you, Clara," he con-
eluded, ofter a pause, pressing the weeping girl to hli
heart, as he remarked how much she seemed pained by
the declaration.
Having placed his sistci once more on the conch, and
covered her with a cloak that had been brought frc-n the
cabin of tho unfortunate commander, Captain do Haldi-
■•■i-iii'
;••
^■(^"^
' ■■ ■ 1 ■■■►■■ •r'.'f
^■j;^
:-.|,
■.'■».• s-
'■; *.'«■«
■•r
^■'i
-m
"A
Mm
210
HACOIISTA, OK TIIR PnOPUECY.
p.,/.;. '■ II-, •.
I i>-V.t i' ■ .
mar nuw rosu t'ruiii IjIh liuiublu scat, uiiU gnisi'ing tliu
hand of his friend, —
" V:iIlelorl," lie said, " I coiiiniit this dciir jjirl to your
kcopinjf. Hitherto we Ikivc been e(|ual sharers in an en-
terprise having ti)r itsohjeet the preservation of our inn
tuui coinpaninns and frienda. At present, interetts of n
more [lersonal nature occupy my attention ; and to these
must I devote myself aUnic. 1 trust you \\'ill rcacli De-
troit in safety ; uijd when you have ileUvcred my unlijr-
tunatc sister into the arms of lier father, you will say to
liini from me, 1 could not survive the loss of that licinjf to
whom I had sworn eternal fidelity and atTeetion. Francois
must he iny only companion on this occasion. Nay," he
continued, puiiitinjr to his sister, in answer to the rising re-
monstrance of the baronet, "' will you desert the precious
charge I have confided to your keeping V Uecoliecl,
Valletort," in a more subdued tone, " that besiilea your-
Bolf, there will he none near her but rude and uneducated
(tailors; — honest men enough in their way, it is true;
but not the sort of people to wlioni I should like to con-
fide my |)0or sister."
The warm and silent pressure by Sir Evcrard of his
hand announced liis participation in the sentiment ; niid
Captain dc Haldimar now liastcned forward to apprise
the Canadian of his pur|>o8c. Ho found mine host of the
Fleur dc Us seated in the forecastle of the scliooner ; and
with an «ir of the most |ierfect unconcern discussing a
substantial meal, consisting of dried uncooked venison,
raw onions, and Indian corn bread, llic contents of a
large bag or wallet that lay at his feet. No sooner, how-
ever, had the impatient oiKcer communicated his design,
98king at tlieKainc time if he might ex|)cct his assistance
in the cnterpriwc, than the unfinished meal of the Cana-
dian was discontinued, the wallet refilled, and the large
greasy clasp-knife with whieli the portions liad been
separated, closed and thrust into a pocket of his blanket
coat!
" I shall go to do devils for you, capitainc, if we must,"
ho said, as ho raised his portly form, not without effort,
from the deck, slapping the shoulder of the officer at the
Bamo time somewhat rudely with his hand. There was
nothing, however, oftensively familiar in tliis action. It
expressed merely the dovotedncss of heart with which the
man ^nt himself to the service to which he had pledged
hiinself, ond was rather complimentary than otherwise to
him to whom it was directed. Captain dc Haldimar took
it in the light in which wo have just shown it, and hi
grasped and ihook tlio rough hand of the Canadian with
liii cariiostness highly gratifying to the latter.
Every tiling was now in readiness ibr their departure
The canoe, still covered with Its streaming boiiglis, was
drawn eloso up to the gangway, and a few hasty ncccs-
(larios thrown in. While this was p^issing, tlio officer
had again assumed his disguise of a duck-hnntcr ; and
he now ap|)t!ared in the blanket costuino in which we
introduced Sir Evcrard and himself in the eleventh chap-
ter,
» If I may ho so bold a% to put in my oar, your hon-
our," — aa<d the voternn boatswain, on wiiom tiic com
maiid of the schooner hud fallen, as he now advanced,
rolling hia quid in hi.< mouth, and dropping his hat on
his shoulder, while the fingers of thi? hand whiei
tlutchcd it were busily occupied in scratching his bald
head, — '° if I may be so boM, thoro is another cha|) hero
us might beUer sarve your honour's purpose than that
'jre fut Canadian, who seems to think only of stutling
while his betters are fasting."
" .\nd who is he, my good Mullins ?" asked Captain
dc Haldimar.
'•Why, tliat 'ore Ingiati, your honour, as began the
butchery in the fort, yonder, by trying to kill Jack Fnl-
lor wliilo he laid asleep this morning, waiting iiir the
capt.'ui\in the jolly boat. Jack never seed him coming,
until he fidi his blank hands upon his throat, and then
he ups with the tiller at liis iioddie, and sends him
llounduriDg across the lioat's tlinarls like a flat-fish. I
thouglit, your honour, seeing os how I have got the
eomniund of the Behooncr, ol' tying him up to the main-
mast, and giving him two or tiiroe round dozen ur so,
and then sending him to swim anion:; the maseannungy
with 9. twenty-four ))uund shot in his nockcluth ; but,
seeing as how your honour is going among them sa-
vages agin, I thought as how some good might be done
with him, if your honour could contrive to keep him in
tow, and close under your lee quarter, to prevent his oS'
cifpe,"
'• At all events," returned the officer, after a pause of
some inoinents, during which he appeared to be delibe-
rating on his course of action, " it may be dangerous to
k^ep liiin in tiio vessel ; and yet, if wu take liim ashore.
lie may be the moans of our more immediate destruc-
tion ; unless, indeed, us you fjbserve, lie can be so secur-
ed as to pri'Vi'iit the )iossibilily of escape ; but tlial 1
very much doubt indied. Wliero is he, Mullins? 1
should like lo see and i|ucsti(in him."
•ilc shiill be up, your hoiioiir, in no time," rcjdied
llio sailor, once more resuming his hat, and moving a
pace or two lorward. Then addressing two or three
en in the slarlioiird gangway in the authoritiitivii tone
of eoiinnand: — '• Biur a hand there, my nie:i, and cast
If the lashings of that black liigiaii, and send liim uft,
here, to the oiliccr."
The order was spooddy e.xocnled. In a few minutes
the Indian stood on tli narter-dnik, his naiuU firmly
seemed behind, and his ..< .J sunk upon his chest in sul-
len despondency. In' the increasing gloom in which
ohjeets were now gradually heeoining more and more
indistinct, it wuiJ ini| ossiblo liir Captain do Haldimar to
ilisliiijjtiish Ills (l;atnres; br' there was soinotliing in
the outline of the Indian's linn tint imprepsed him
with the conviction iio had seen it before. Advancing
a pace or two forward, he pronounced, hi an emiihatic
and audible whisper, the name ol " Oucanaslal"
Tile Indian gave an involuntary start, — uttered a
deep intcrjnrtional " llgli !" — and, raisiuj; his head from
his chest, fixed his eye heavily on the uilicer.
" Hofikynasler I — Hookynasler 1" growled .Tack Kul
ler, who had followed to hear the examination of his
immediate captive : " why, your honour, that Jaw-break-
ing name reminds me us liow the chap had a bit of a
paper when I cliin'ked him into the jolly boat, stuck i
ids girdle. It was covered over with pencil-marks, as
writing like; but all was rubbed out agin, except some
such sort of a name as that."
" Whore is it ?— what have you done with it ?" hastily
asked Captain dc Huldimar.
"Here, in my haeky-box, your honour. I kept it safe,
thinking as how it might sarve to let us know all about
it afterwards.''
The sailor now drew from the rocoplacio just named
a dirty piece of folded paiwr, deeply impregnated with
the perfume of stale and oft lecliowed quids of coarse
tobacco; and then, with the air of one conscious of hav-
ing "rendered the state some service," hitched up his
Irnvsors with one hand, wliile with the other ho extend-
ed the important document.
To glance his eye hurriedly over the paper by the
light of a dark lanthorn tliiit had meanwhile been
brought upon deck, unclas|i his hnnting-khile, and di-
vide the ligatures of the captive, and then warmly press
his liheratcd hands within bis own, were, with Captain
do Haldimar, but the work of a minute.
" Hilloa ! whicli the devil way does the wind blow
now 1" muttored KuMnr, the leer of self-satisfaction that
had hilborto played in his nyo rapidly giving place to
an air of scrlotisnoss and surjirise ; an expression that
was not at all diminished by an observation from his
now commander.
" I tell you what it is. Jack,"' said the latter, iinprrs-
sively ; " ! don't pretend to have moie gumption (qu. dis
cCf nnicnt ?) than my niessniates ; but I can see throngb
a millslono as clear as any man as ever heaved a lend
in these here lakes; and may I never pipe iMatswain'f
whistle again, if you ar'n't, some how or other, in the
wrong box. That 'ere Ingian 's one of us !"
Tim feelings of Captain (^ Haldimar may easily ho
comprehended by our readers, when, on glancing at the
paper, he found iiiinst^lf cunlirmed in the Impression
previously made on him by the outline of the captive's
form. The writing, nearly obliterated by damp, had
been rudely traced by his own pencil, on u loaf torn
froi.i his pocket-book on the night of liis visit to the
Indian cncampmnnt, and at the moment when, seated
on the fatal log, Oucanasta had ponorously promisoo
her assistanco in at least roscnini; his betrothed bride.
They were addressed to Major do Haldimar, and brieily
stated that a tioacherous plan was in contBinplation by
the onemy to surprif^n llio furl, which the bearer, Ouea-
nasla (the latter word itrongly marked), would fully ex-
plain, if she could possibly obtain access within. From
the narrative entered into by Clara, who had particular-
ly dwelt on the emotions of feur that had sprung up in
her own and cousin's heart by the sudden transforma-
tion of a supposcil harmless beaver into a fierce and
threatening savage, ho had no difficulty in solving the
onisnia.
The Indian, in whom iin had recognised the young
chief who had saved him from the fury of Wacousta,
had evidently been won upon by his sister to perform a
service which ott'crcd so inucli less dilliculiy to a war
rior than tu a woinaii ; and it was cleur, that, liiidin[r gil
oilier means of communieation with tlio tort, iiimIkco.
vercd by his own people, impiaelicable, he had uvullci]
himself of the oppoitunity, when hu saw the boat wait.
ing^on the strand, tu assume u disguise so well adapted
to insure success. It was no reniarkabiu thing to see
both the beaver and the otter moving on the calm sui.
tiicc of the waters in the vicinity of the forts, cvun at
mid-day ; and, occupied us the Indians were, lo a man
at that moment with their cruel projects, it was bvm]
means likely that their attention should have been ciil{.
ed olV from these to so apparently uniin|)ortant a iir.
cuinst.ancc. The act that bad principally alarinnl tlie
cousins, and tormlnutcd, as we have scon, in the siiilden
attack of the sailor, had evidently been inisennceivcd.
The hand supposed lo be feeling Ibr tho heart of tlia
sluggard, had, in all probability, liecii placed on \\\t
chest with a view to arouse him from his shiiiiLer;
while that which was believed lo have been dropt to tliu
handle of bis knife, was, in reality, merely seeking Hu
pa|ier that contained tho announcoment, which, if///,,
delivered, might have saved the garrison.
Such was the train of conjecture that now passed
through tho mind of the officer; hut, although he tlms
placed the conduct of the Indian in the most favouralilo
light, bis impression lecoived no confirmation from the
lips of the latter. Sullen and doggedly, notwithstand-
ing the release from his bonds, the Ottawa I jng liis
head upon his chest, with his eyes riveted on the deck
and obstinately refused to answer every question put to
him hy his deliverer. This, however, did not tlio lesi
lend to confirm Captain do Haldimar in his boliof. Ho
knew enough of the Indian character, to undoratind
the indignant, and even revengeful spirit likely to b«
aroused by tho treatment the savage liad met with In
return for his intended services. He was awarn that
without pausing to reflect on tho fact, that tho sailor,
ignorant of his actual purpasc, c^y]^ merely bavo seen
in him un enemy iu-lho act of^tteriipting his life, the
chief would only.c8Asidcr and iiitlunio himself ovor llic
recollection of the blow inflicted; and that, with the
Iruo obsliimcy of his race, he would rather suffer ca|iii.
vily or death itself, than humble the haughty pride of
his nature, by condescending to un cxplanaliuii with
those by whom ho fell himself so deeply injured. Sllll,
even amid all his own personal griels, — giief's that ii>ii.
dorcd the boon in some degree at present valuolcss,-
('aptain de Haldimar could not lorgot that tlio yomh,
no matter by what motive induced, had rescued lilm
from a dreadful death on a previmis occasion. With
the generous warmth, thcrclbro, of a grateful niiiid, he
now sought to impress on tho Indian the deep sense of
obligation under which holabdiued; explaining at the
same time the very natural error into which the sailor
had falfcn, and concluding with a declaration that he
was free to quit the vessel in the canoe in which he
himself was ulnMit to take his departure lor the shore,
in search of her whom his sister hud pledged liorself,at
all hazards, to save.
The address of tho officer, touching and impresnivoij
hingnage ever is that comes from the heart, was notnl.
together without cflect on tlie Indian. Several timet
he interrupted him with a short, (piick, approving
" U!;li I" and when ho at length received the assurance
that ho was no longer a prisoner, he raised his eyes ra-
pidly, allhongh without moving liis lieud, to the coiinlc.
nance nf his deliverer. Already were bis lips oicriirj
lo speak for the first time, when tho attention ol' the
group around him was arrested by his giving a suddtu
start of surprise. At the same moment ho rai>cd hli
liead, stretched his nock, threw fornurd his riglitijr,
anil, uttering a loud and emphatic " VVaugh I" pointtil
with liis finger over the bows of the vessel,
AW listened for upwards of n minute in miilesiii-l
peiise; and then a faint and scarcely dislingiilsheblt I
sound was heard in the direction in wliicli ho poinleit. [
Scarcely had it floated on tho uir, when a shrill, loud,
and prolonged cry, of peculiar tendency, burst hiiriifilly I
and eagerly from the lips of the coptiyc ; and, sprcndln; I
over tho broad expanse of water, seemed to he to-ochc
buck from every point of tho surronniliiig shoro-
Croul was the confusion that followed this stoftlinfl
ynll on the docks of the schooner. " Cut the lioll-licnil |
down !" — " Chuck him overboard !" — " We aie betray-
ed !"—" Every man lo his gun!" — "Put the mil
about!" were among the numerous cxcluinalions thall
now rose simultaneonsly from at least twenty lips, anil
almost drowned the loud shriek that burst again froiiil
the wretched Clara de Haldimar.
"Stop, Mullins !— Slop, men!" shouted Captain il« I
Kaldimiir
three of hi
lion of lal
answer liirl
will be till!
lis calmly f
proceeded, I
and stid tlJ
llie toinnhal
now, lie lias [
I'.nin 1110 to r
Hut for lliatl
111" lo fullof
" yon fort wil
orsinnkiiig F
soul, that al|
out!"
Struck liyl
llic disclosurl
mure into iiil
Hpoko.
"I thoiighl
I firlaiiily is a I
t'ot into a hi I
Ihink it 'a qull
i II slopjicr on tl
cipocting a siil
I chap liiriiE outl
honour's life a
a grip. Here,
Without see
I productive of g
vessel, the Indi
crew towards h
I nllliout shrink
I sunicd his orig
I evident to him.
I violence, about
J liccn prevented
I the natural ban
I hm rejected the
I had observed an
I hini.
While the anj
I ivithin his capa
I slroiifest langun
1 lion, ills ears wei
|"IIilloal"froin t
" Ay, ay !" was
"There 's som
I weather fore qua
I was that of the m
The most pro!
I Every individual,
Itlie hoaLiwain, Imi
I indicated, which \
lof the imfortunal
I produced hy a sir
l«Ms hoard by cvei
■thrown her mantli
llliat was to be st
|);r,idiially darkeni
limipient breeze, v
land there appeurei
loliject could be di
Icj'cs eagerly and |:
Tllie I'ounds lieeunie
liilcnt the party,
Iwavrs Hint fell froi
filled to liillow up
Tieen Indicated by
kluod near his gn
lurning niatelies 1
V'Jily to be seized
loom for upprelien
Ihc mariners could
Ipproached ; and ol
■far. Suddenly, a;
Ihaiifed a point to
ler hows morn ofl
yiiifh all were mo;
iKirc than twenty
msway at which
|W. In the next
In siphi, and thou i
Vn in tho stern, h
Jie loft, as the pi
|hanii;ed from side I
Another deep nn(
I'ora Ihc chest of t
WACOt'STA, on THE PKOPIIECV.
249
r, tliut, liiLdniir n||
tli« fort, uikIkciv
Ic, lie Imil availed
uw llio bo:it wail.
JO 80 well ttdnplcii
ablu tiling lu tee
r on tlio calm sut.
llio forts, even »i
in were, lo a man,
jcets, it w,i» by III,
jid liuvo lioeii call.
]niin|)ortant a cir.
ipully aliirinod ilij
icon, in the siiildcn
eon iniscnnceivcj.
ir the hcurt ol' the
ceil placed on liii
IVoin liiH slumljn;
e hocn dropt to tlio
iiierely seeking tliQ
lent, wliidi, if thm
ison.
e that now passod
it, ulthough lie thus
tlio most I'avouraUe
iitiriuation from the
;odly, notwilhutand-
10 Ottawa ' ang his
riveter) on tlic deck,
ivery question put lo
rer, did not tlio less
ar ill Ilia bcliof. Ho
.cter, to undorstjtid
il spirit likely to be
ge had met with in
He was awaro tlui,
fact, that the 8ai!or,
^ merely have seen
criipting Ilia life, tlm
lino himself over llic
and that, with llic
d rather Rutfcr ca|ili.
tlio haughty pride of
un cx|ilanaliun with
ilroply injured. Still,
, — fjiiefs thai ii'u.
proiioiil valueless,—
gnt that the joiilh,
'.ad rescued him
MIS occasion. With
grateful mind, ho
the dei'p sense of I
; explaining atliie
tn which the snilot
Icclaralion thai he
canoe in which he
irluro lor tliu alioro,
d pledged herself, al I
hoi
ig and iniprcssivoM
10 heart, was not nl.
lian. Several tinici
,, quick, npprovin;
:uivcd the assurance
raised his eyes ra.
head, to the cmiiilc.
nre his lips opciiin;
tlio nlteiition nl' the
his giving a siaWui
iniciit ho raised hi)
ward his rij;liU«r,
•' VVaugh !" puinliil
vesKcl.
linnto in mntesii).
T-oly distingnishiHi
11 which ho |ioinled.
livlien a sliiill, loud,
licy, hurst hnriipdly
live; nnd, spreadin'
liied to be lo-ochoed
hdiiig shore,
^wed this stafllinj
' Cut the liolUtnd
' We RIB bciny-
-» Tut the cnfl
I exclanialioiis thjl
Jst twenty lips. «"1
It burst again fwn
lioutod Cnplninilt
llaldiniar, firmly, ns the excited boatswain, with two or
three of his companions, now ndvanrod with the inlen.
lion ol laying violent hands on the Indian. " I will
answer for hi"s lidclity with my lilb. If ho be fhlso, ii
will be limo enough to punish him afterwards; hut let
lis calmly await the issue like men. Hear me," he
proceeded, as ho remarked their incredulous, uncorlaiii,
anil still llircatoning nirj — "this Indian saved mo fmni
the tomahawks of his tribe not a week ago ; and, even
now he has Iwcomo our captive in tlif act oltaking a nole
t'nin me to the garrison, to warn them of their daii>^^er.
liiil for llnU slnmburiiig fool," lio added, bitterly, point-
incrlo Kullor, who slept when ho should have watched,
"von fort would not now li.ivo boon what it is, — a iiiasa.
ot'sinnking ruins. Ho has an ocean of bliiod upon his
soul, that all tlio waters of the Huron can never wash
Struck by tlio vnhomont manner of the officer, and
the disclo.sure he had just made, tlio sailors sunk once
more into inaction and silence. Tlio boatswain alone
s|wko.
"I thought, your honour, as how Jack Fuller, who
nrtainly is a hotter hand at a snooze than a watch, had
I'ot into a bit of a mess; but, shiver my topsails, if I
think il 's quite fair to blame him, neither, for clapping
nslopiier on the Ingian's calile, seeing as how ho was
expecting a shot liotwoen svind and water. Still, as the
chap luniE out lo he an honest chap, and has saved your
hononr's lifo above all, I don't nuicli earn if I give him
a grip. Hero, old fellow, tip us your fist !"
Without seeming to understand that his cry hud bcmi
productive of general and intense alarm throughout the
vessel, the Indian had viewed the sudden rushing of the
crew towuriU him as an ac*. of gratuitous hostility ; and,
without shrinking from the attack, had once inoro re-
i suniod his original air of dogged sullenncss. It was
i evident to him. from the discussion going on, that some
violence, about to he offered lo his person, had only
licen preveiiled by the interferonco of the officer. Willi
I the nolural haughtiness of his savage nature, he there-
lure rejected the overtures of the sailor, whose hand he
i had observed among the first that wero raised against
I him.
While the angry boatswain was yet rolling his quid
I within his cajiacious jaws, racking his brain for the
Ulroiigcst language wherein to give vent to his iiidigiia-
lidii, his ears wore suddenly saluted by a low but clear
I " Hilloa !" from the bows of the schooner.
" Ay, ay I" was the brief resjionsc.
" Tliere 's something npproiiching us oliead, on the
I wcithcr fore quarter," continued the same voice, which
1 was that of the man on the look-out.
Tlic most profound silence now pervaded the deck.
I Every individual, includijig Captain do Haldiiimr and
j the boatswain, had flown to the gangway of the quarter
J indicated, which was on tlio side occupied by the couch
jiif the unfortunate Clara. Presently a. noise like that
Iproduced by a single paddle rapidly dividing the water,
Iwas heard by every anxious ear. Night had long since
Ithrown her mantle over the surrounding waste ; and all
■thai was to be seen reflected from the bosom of tlic
luradually darkening river, scarcely rufllcd by the yet
liiicipicnt breeze, were a few straggling stars, that here
laiiil there aiipeared in the overcast heavens. Hitherto no
loliject could be discovered by those who strained their
Icycs eagerly nnd painfully through the gloom, although
Tthe i'ounds became at each inonieiit more di.'stiiict. It was
Vvident the liarty, guided by the noise of the rippling
Iwavrs that fell from tlio bows of the schooner, was cm.
pilled to follow up a course, the direct duo to which had
iccii indicated by the cry of the captive. Every man
kluod near his gun on the starboard battery, and the
Iiuriiiiig matches hanging over their respective Ivtickcts
oady to 1k; seized at a momciil's notice. Still, bii: little
knoni for apprcliensioii existed : for the practised ear of
fiic mariners could easily tell that a solitary bark alone
■ipjiroaohed ; and of one, or even ten, they ontertaincd no
■rar. Suddenly, ns the course of the vessel was now
tlnni;od a point to windward, — a movement that brought
jier liows iiioro off the ailjnccnt shore, — the sound. In
fliifli all were more or less interested, was heard not
Hire than twenty yards off, nnd in a lino with the
fineway al which the principal of the crew were asscm-
lied. In the next minuto the low hull of a canoe came
In si|;ht, and then a tall and solitary human figure was
Von in the utern, Ixinding alternately to tho right and to
Ihe loft, 09 the paddle was rapidly and successively
fhanpid from side to side.
Aiiolhcr deep nnd exulting " Ugh !" was now heaved
Iniin llic chest of the Indian, who stood calmly on the
spot on wliiili he had first rested, while Fuller prepared a
coil of rope to throw to the active steersman.
" Avast lliirc. Jack !" growled the boatswain, address
iiig til" sailor; " how can the stranger keep the bow of
his crall on, and grapple at the same time I Just pass
one end of the coil round your waist, and swing yourself
gently into her."
The head of tin', canoe was now near enough for the
imrpose. Tlio sailor did as he was desired, having pre-
viously divested liiiiiselfof his shoes, and leaping forward,
dighti'd on what iipjK'ai'ed to be a Ininillu of Idaiihi'ls
stowed nway in her bows. No sooner, howi^ver, had he
secured his footing, when with uiiother dcperate leap,
and greatly to the astonishment of all around, he hoimilcd
on('(^ more to the deck of t!ie schooner, his eoimtiiniiiee
exhihitiiig every mark of siipCrHtitiinis alarm. In the
let of quitting the c.anoc ho had spuriw:d her vioh ntly
•iineral feet from the vessel, which the silent steersman
was again making every etlort to reach.
" Why, what the devil's the matter with you now?"
cxelainn^d the rough boatswain, who, as well ns ('aplnin
do llaldiniar and the rest of tlie crew, had quitted the
,'angway lo learn the cause of this extraordinary eon-
duet. " Damn my eyes, if you ar'nt worse seared than
w hen the Ingian stood over you in the jolly boat."
'Scared, ay, to bo sine lam; and so won II you bo
scared too, if you 'd a sce'd what I did. May I never
touch the point at Po^t,^lnoutll, if I a'li't seen lie' glio.st,"
' Where ? — whoso ;• . ost ?— vhat ghost ? — wlial do you
mean. Jack .'" exclaiei.d several of the li-irtled men in
the same breath, while the supi.rstitions dread so com.
moil to mariners drew them still closer ir i.ic group that
encircled their companion.
' Well, thi'ii, as 1 am a miserable sinier," returned the
man, impressively, and i;; a low toi , " I sce'd i.', he
bows of the canoe, — and the hand that steered itw:. ot
made of flesh and blood like ours, — whatdoyou thii.
the ghost of "
Captain de Haldimar heard no more. At i single
bound ho had gaine<l the ship's sidf H' strained his
eyes anxiously over the gangway in ,>.a lU of the canoe,
but it was gone, A dcatli-iikc k nee tiroughout the
deck followed the commuiiicatioi f the bailor, and in
that pause the sound of the receihiig boat could be heard,
not urged, us it had approached, by one paddle, but by
two. 'I'hc heart of the officer throbbed almost to sufi'o-
culion ; and his firmness, hitherto supported by the
manly energies of his nature, now failed him quite. Heed-
less of appearances, regardless of being overlooked, he
tottered like a drunken man for support against the inaiii-
iiiast. For a moment or two he lean !ii.- head upon his
hand, with the air of one iiiuiicrsed in the most profound
ibstraction ; while the crew, al once alarmed and touched
by the deep distress into which this mysterious eircuin.
staiiee had plunged him, stood silently and respectfully
watching his emotion. Suddenly he started from his
attitude of jiainful reiiose, like one awikciiiiig from a
dream, and demaniled wiiat had liecoine of the Indian.
Kvery one looked around, but the captive was no
where lo be seen. Search was made below, both in the
cabin and in the fe'" de<;ks, and men were sent up nioll
to see if he had sec. '■ i .limself in the rigging; hut all
returned, stating . •■ " ■ lo where to bo found. lie had
disappeared from the vessel altogether, yet no oik; knew
how; tor he had not been observed to stir from the spot
on which he had first planted himself. It was plain
' owever, he had joined the mysterious party in the canoe,
from the fac! ,.'llie second paddle having been detected ;
and all at'-mpis at pursuit, without endangering the
voss 1 0' til. shallows, whi'lier the course of the fugitives
was nflw directed, was deckurcd by the boatswain utterly
impracticahk'.
The announcement of the Indian's disappearance
seemed to put the cliiiiax to the despair of the untiu'tuu-
ile officer. " Then is qur every hope lost I" he groaned
iloud, as, quilling the centre of tho vessel, he "owly
traversed the deck, and once more stood at Ihi side ol
his no less mihappy and excited sister. For a moment
or two he remained wilh his arms folded across his
chest, gazing on the dark outlino of her form ; and then,
in a wild paroxysm of silent, tearless griet', threw himself
suddenly on the edge of the couch, and clasping her in a
long close embrace to his audibly healing heart, lay like
one iK'rcIl of all sense and consciousness of surrounding
objects.
CHAPTER XXIII.
Tho night passed away without further event on board
the schooner, yot in all tho anxiety that might bo sup-
IHisod incident to men so perilously situulcd. Habits ol
ong since acquired superstition, too powerriil to be
■asily shaken olt", moreover, contributed lotho dejection
>f tlio mariners, among whom there were not wantiiuf
those who believed the silent steersman was in reality
what their comrade had represented, — an iminalcrial
being, sent from the world of spirits to warn them of
some impending evil. What principally gave weiolit
to this impression were the repeated asscveiatioiis of
"iiller, doling the sleepless night passed by rill on dcek»
that what he had seen was no other, could lie no other,
than a ghost ! exhibiting in its Imeless, fleshless cheek,
tin; well known lineaments of oiio who was supposed to
bo no more; nnd, if the story of their conir.'ide had
needed eoiifirination among men in whom lailli in,
rather than lovo for, the marvellous was a conslilutional
ingredient, the terrible otliet that seemed to liavo been
produced on Captain do Haldimar by the same mvsto-
rious visitation would have been -nore than eoiicliisive.
The very appearance of the night, too, favoured the de-
lusion. Tho heavens, comparatively clear at the nio-
iiieiit when the canon aiqiroachcd the vessel, bocaino
suddenly envclo|)cd in the deepest gloom at its dejiarUirp,
as if to enshroud the cour.^o of those wlio, having so
mysteriously approached, had also so unaccountably
disappeared. Nor had this Ihrcalening state of tho at-
mospliero the counterbalancing advantage of storm and
tompcst to drive them onward throuirh the narrow wa-
ters of tho Sinclair, and cnablo them, by anticipating
the pursuit of their enemies, to shun the Scylla and
Charbydis that awaited their morn leisurn advance.
The wind increased not ; and the disappointed seamen
remarked, with dismay, that llicir crall scarcely made
more progress than at the inoinont wlien she first quit-
ted ii.'i anchorage.
It was now near the first hours of day ; and although,
perhaps, none slept, there were few who were not appa-
rently at rest, and plunged in tho most paiiil'nl reflections.
Still occupying her humble couch, and shielded from tho
night • • merely by the cloak Ihat covered her own
blood -i. uied garments, lay the unhappy Clara, her deep
groans and stifled sobs bursting occasionally from her
, oiit-up heart, and frilling Vin the ears of llie mariners
like sounds of fnarf': H rt, produced by the mysterious
agency that already Lore such uiidiviilcd power over
llieir thoughts. On the bare deck, at her side, lay hot
brother, his face turned upon the planks, as if to shut
out all objects from eyes he had not the power lo close;
and, with one arm supporting his heavy brow, while tho
other, east around the restless form of his beloved sister,
seemed to otVer proteelioii and to impart confidence, even
while his lips denied the accents of consolation. Seated
on an empty hoii-eoop al their head, was Sir Everard
Vallolort, his back reiiosiiig against the bulwarks of the
vessel, his arms folded across his elicst, and his eyes
bent meehanically on tho man at the holm, who stood
within a tew paces of him, — an attitude of absorption,
which he, ever and anon, changed to one of anxious and
enquiring interest, whenever the agitation of Clara was
manifested in ilio manner already shown.
The main dock and forecastle of tho vessel presented
a similar picture uf mingled unquietness nnd repose.
Many of the seamen might bo seen scitcd on tho gun-
iirriagos, with their ( fieeks pressing the rude metal
ttiat served them for a pillow. Others lay along tin
decks, Willi their heads resting on tho elevated hatches,
while not a few, squatted on their haunches with their
knees doubled up to their very chins, sninHirted in that
position the aching head that rested between their
rough and horny palms. A first glance might have in-
duced the belief that all wore buried in the most profound
slumber ; but tho quick jerking of a limb, — the fitful,
sudden shitting of a [losition, — the utter absence of that
doop breathing which indicates the unconsciousness of
repose, only required to be noticed, to prove tho living
silcnco that reigned throughout was not born either of
apathy or sleep.
At the gangway at which the eanoc had approached
now stood the individual already introduced to our
readers as Jack Fuller. The same superstitious terror
that caused his flight had once more attracted him to
the s|iot where the subject of hi: al.arii, first appeared to
him; and, without seeming to rellect Miat tho vessel, in
her slow but certain progress, hud iul't all vestige of tho
mysterious visitant behind, ho continued gazing over tho
bulwarks on the dark waters, as if ho expected al each
moment to find his sight stricken by the same appalling
vision. It was at the moment when he had worked n
his naturally dull imagination to its highest i»rceplion
ol'llie Buponiatural, tlial ho was loinod by the rugged
hoalswain, who had passed the greater part of tho night
. .«V.i' I'J' ••'r'''«>3i
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250
WACOrSTA, OB THE PHOPHECY.
J^li.
PI \
in pacing up and down llie decks, watching tlio as|ioct
of the heavens, and occasionally tautiii^ a ro|>c or
Rquariiinf a light yard, unassii tcd,as the llntlcringortlu-
canvass in the wind renderci; the alteration necessary.
" Well, .Tack !'" hhuitly obsc.ved the latter in a gruff
whisper that resembled the suppressed growling ol" a
niastiH', " what arc yo thinking of now ? — Not got over
your fluinbustilication yet, that ye stand here, looking
as sanctified as an olil parson !"
" I'll tell ye what it is, Mr. Mullins," returned the
sailor, in the same key ! " you may make as much gime
on me as you like ; but these here strange sort of doings
are somehow (jniz/.ieul ; and, though I l(;ars nothing in
the shape of tlesli and bluud, still, when it conies to
Iiaving to do with those as is gone to IXivy Jones' lockor
like, it gives a fullow an all ovcrislmess as isn't (|uite
the thing. You understand me ?"
•' Hang me if I do 1' was the brief rejoinder.
"Well, then," contiimed Fuller, '• if I nnist out with
it, I must. I tliink tluit 'ere Ingian must have been
the devil, or how could ho come so sudden and unhe.
knownst upon me, with the head of a 'possmn: and then
ngin, how could he get away from the craft without our
seeing him ? and how canio the ghost on board of the
canoe ?"
" Avast there, old fellow; you moans not the head of
a 'pnssum, but a beaver ; but that 'ero's all nal'r'l
cnonirh, and easily 'counted for; but you liav'nt told us
who.'ic ghost it was, atler all."'
" No ; the captain madesnch a spring to the gunwale,
ns fri'rhlencd it all nut of my head : but coinu closer,
Mr. Mullins, and I'll whisper it in your ear. — Hark 1
what was that?"
" I hears nothing," said the boatswain, after a pause.
" It's very odd," contiimed Fuller; " but I thought as
liow I heard it .'C.veral times afore you came."
"There's something wrong, I lake it, in your upper
story. Jack Kullcr," coolly observed his companion;
" that 'ere ghost has quite capsized you.'
"Hark, again!" repealed the sailor, " Did'nt you
hear it then / A sort of a groan, like."
"Where, in what part '" calmly demanded the boat-
swain, though in the same suppressed tone in which the
dialogue had been carried on.
"Why, from the canoo Ihat lies olongsido lliero, 1
heard it several limes afore."
" Well, if you arn't lunied a real coward nt last,"
politely remarked Mr. Mullins. "(!an't the poor lilt
devil of a Canadian snoo/.o a hit in his hanimock,
without putting you so completely out of your reckon-
ing?"
"The Caniidian — the Canadian I" hurriedly returned
Fuller: " wliv, <l«n'l yon see him there, leanin{r with
his bark In Ilie mainmast, and as faal nsleop ui if the
devil himself couldn't wake him /"
"'I'lien it was the devil, you heard, if you like,"
quaintly retorlcd Mullins: "but bear a hand and tell
us all about this here ghost."
" Hark, again ! what was that ?" onco more enquired
the excited sailor.
"Only u gust of wind passing llirough the dried
houglnof the canoe,"' said the bmitswain : "but Binco
wo eun get nothing out of that craxod noddle of yours,
SCO if you can't do wimething with your hmidM. That
'uro cauuo rimning aloiigi'ide, lakes half a knot olFlhc
ship's way. Hear a hand llioii, and east otl'tho |iainlor,
and li't her diop astarii, that she may lulluw in our
wake. Hilloa ! wIiuI'h Iho matter with the man now /"
Ahd well might hn ask. Willi his eye-balls staring,
hit lertli ('hiillerlng, his liuily half ImuiI, and his arms
thrown lbiward,yel jieiideiit us if sudiknly nirested in
Ihat |H>sllioii while in the act of rourhiiig the ro|ie. the
terrilied sailor sIchhI ga/.ing on Hie stern c)f ihu canoe;
ill which, by Iho faint liglil of Ibo dawning day, was to
be seen ail object well ciilciilateil In fill the leasl super-
i-litUMis henil wnh terror and dismay. Through an
npeiiiiig III 111" foliiige pirrcd ihc pale and s|Helr«l liiii
Ilia human bung, with its dull uyos bent fixedly and
nil ehaiiii ally iiisiii the vessel, "in the eeiilru of llii:
wan Ion head was a dark iiieriislalion aa of IiIimmJ, eu-
>eiiiig till' su|K'rlii i«« of a newly i losid wound. 'I'lie
pallid miiiilh wu» |wrlially imi losed, so as lo display u
row iif while and apparently lipless teeth; and the lion-
Inn a weio ollierwise set ami drawn, as llioso of one
who la no longer of cailli. Aiuund llie head was bound
> eovvrmg >ii I lime, ns In coiireal oveiy part save the
line; and oiiif ">r Iwiee a hand was slowly niisid, and
pressed upon Ihe blood s|s.l that dimmed the pasiiiiHJ
lairiiess uflhohruw, livery ulhor jwllioii of Iho furni
Wat invuijilU'
" Lord have mercy upon us !" exclaimed the boat-
swain, in a voice thai, now elevated to more than its
natural tone, sounded startlingly on tho stillness of the
scene ; " sure enough it is, indeed, a ghost !''
"Ua! do you believe me now 7" returned Fuller, gain-
ing confidence from tho admission of his companion,
and in the same elevated key. " It is, as I hope to be
saved, tho ghost I see'd afore."
The commotion on deck was now every where uni-
versal. The sailors started to their feet, and, with hor-
ror and alarm visibly imprinted on their countenances,
rushed tumultuously towards the dreaded gangway.
" Make way — room, fellows !" exclaimed a hurried
voice; and presently Captain de Haldimar, who had
hounded like lightning from the deck, appeared with
eager eye and c.vcited cheek among them. To leap into
the bows of the canoe, and disappear under the tuliagc,
was the work of a single instant. All listened hicalli.
lessly for the slightest sound ; and then every heart
throlihcd with the most undcfmable emotions, as his lips
were heard giving utterance to the deep emotion of his
own spirit, —
■ Madeline, oh, my own lost Madeline !" he exclaimed
with almost fraiilic energy of passion : "do I then
press you once more to my doting heart / Speak, speak
o mo — for God's sake speak, or I shall go mad ', Air,
air, — she wants air only — she cannot be dead."
These lust words wore succeeded by the furious rend-
ing asunder of the fastenings that secured the boughs,
anil presently the whole went overboard, leaving revealed
tho tall and picturesque figure of tho oHicer; wlio.so loll
arm encircled while it supported the reclining and pow-
erless liirm of one who well resembled, indeed, tho spec-
Ire for which she had been mistaken, while his right
land was busied in detaching the string that secured a
jiortion of tho covering round her throat. At length it
lidl from her shoulders ; and the well known liirm of
.Madeline dc Haldimar, clad even in the vestments in
which they had been wont to see her, met tho astonished
gaze of Iho excited seamen. Still there were some who
doubted it was the cor|ioro:<l woman whom they beheld ;
and several of the ciow who were catholics oven made
tiie sign of the cross as tho supjioseil spirit was now
borne up the gangway in the arms of the pained yet
gratified l)e Haldimar: nor was it until her leet were
seen finally resting on the deck, that Jack Fuller could
jicrsiiado himself it was indeed Miss dn Haldimar,
and nut her ghost, that lay clas|)ed lu the heart of tho
olHcer.
With the keen rush of the morning air upon her brow
returned the sus|ie!ided consciousness of the bewildered
.Madel'- . Tho blood came slowly and imperceptibly
lo her cheek ; and her eyes, hitherto glazed, fixed, and
inexpressive, looked enquiringly, yet with stupid won-
dcrmont, around. She started from tho cnibraee of her
lover, gazed altornaUly at his disguise, at hiiiisilf, and
at Clara; and then passing her hand several tiiiios ra-
pidly across her hrow, uttered an hysteric scream, and
threw herself ini|ieluously forward on tho Ikjsoiii of the
sobbing girl ; who, with extended arms, parted lips, and
heaving busoiii, sat breathlessly awaiting tho first duwii
of the returning reason of her more than sister.
Wo should vainly attempt to paint all tho heart-rend-
ing misery of the scene oxliibited in the gradual resto-
ration id' Miss de Haldimar to her senses. From a state
of torjior, produced by the freezing of every faculty into
almost idiotey, she was suddenly awakened to all the
terrors of the past; and the deep Intonations of her rich
voieo were heard only in cxilressioiis of agony, that en-
tered into the most iron-hearted of tho assainbled sea-
men ; while Ihoy drew from the bosom of her gentlo and
sympathlsiiig cousin fresh bursts of desolating giiof
Iiiiagiiiatioii itsell' would find dillieiilty in supplying the
liariowing elli'ct u|miii all, when, with upraised hinids,
and on her hendiil knees, her laTgo eyes liirnrd wildly
up to heaven, she invr.ked in deep and starlling accents
Ibo lerrllile retribution of a just (iod on the inhuiiian
murdirers of her Hither, with whose lifu-bliMsl her gar-
ments wire profusely saturated; and llien, wijh hysle-
rie l.iiighter, demanded why she alone had been singled
out to survive the blisidy tragedy. I,ovo and nfl'oellon,
hillieilii the first principles of Inr existence, llicii fiiund
no eiitraiiie into her mind. Stricken, broken-liearlril,
sliiltilied lo all feeling save that of her iiiimedlalc
wri i< heilness, she llimight only of the Imrrihie scenes
through which she had pasntul ; and even lie, whuiii at
anolher inoment she eoulil have rlas|M'd m an agony ol
lund leiiderness toiler beating hosoiii, — he to whom she
jiad pliiilged her virgin faith, and was Isiuiid by the
drarost uf human ties, — ho whom «ha hiij ■<> uAon
longed lo behold once more, and had thought of, |1|«
preceding day, with all the tenderness of her impassioncil
and devoted soul, — even he did not, in the first hoara of
her terrible consciousness, so much as command a »lii.
i;lc passing regard. All the affections were for a period
blighted in her bosom. She seemed as one devoted
without the power of resistance, to a grief which call
:iiicd and preyed upon all other feelings of the niinil.
One stunning and annihilating refloclion seemed to n.
I'ross every principle of her being ; nor was it for lioiit]
uller she had been restored to lile and recollectiun llm
I deluge of burning tcirs, giving relief to her lieattmi)
mew direction toiler feelings, enabled her at length to
separate the past from, and in some degree devote her.
self to, Iho present. Then, indeed, for the first ijm,
did she perceive and fake pleasure in the presence ol'litr
lover ; and clasping her beloved and weeping (!lara lo
her heart, thank her God, in all the fervour of true pietv
that she at least had been spared to shed a ray of coiii.
Icirl, on her distracted spirit. Hut vi'O will not |)aia llic
reader by dwelling on a scene that drew tears even Croin
iho rugL'cd and (lint-nerved boatswain hiinscir; lor,
ilthough we should linger on it with minute anatoniicai
detail, no powers of language we possess could coaifv
the transcript as it should he. I'ass we on, thorelbrf,io
the more immediate incidents of our narrative.
The day now rapidly developing, full opportunity wai
iiifordi'd Ihe iiiariners to survey the strict nature ol llnir
|M)sition. To all appearance they were yet in tho iiiiiidji.
of the lake, for arounil them lay the belting swit|iu'
lorcst that hounded the perspective of the eipiidislani
ircle, of which their bark was the focus or iiniaulialc
centre. 'Ihc wind was dying gradually away, and wlim
at length the sun rose, in all his splendour, thtri' ivia
scarce air enough in tlio heavens to keep the sails froni
llap|>iiig against the masts, or to enable the vessel to okv
her liehn. In vain was the low and (icculiar whistle rf
the seamen heard, ever and anon, in invocation ofthr
departing breeze. Another day, calm and brcotliIis« u
lh(^ preceding, had been chartered from the world ol'
light; and their hearts failed them, as they furesnw Ilic
dilficiilly of their jKisition, and the almost eerlaiaty ol'
their retreat being cut off. It was while laboaring niiilcr
the disheartening consciousness of danger, peculiar to
all, that the anxious boatswain summoned Caplala it
Haldimar and Sir Everard Valletort, by a sigiiMtanI
heck of the finger, lo tho side of the deck opposite lo llut
on whifh still lay tho suffering and iitarly lirokui.
Iii'iirlcd girls.
' Well, Mullins, what now ?" enquired the feriiier. jt
he narrowly scanned the expression of Uie eld man'*
features : "that clouded brow of yours, I fear ine, boiiw
no agreeable inliirmation."
"Why, yo'"" honour, I scarcely knows what to wr
about it; but seeing as I'm the only ollieer In thi s|]i|i,
now our poor eaplaiii is killed, God bless him ! I lhi>ii|;lil
1 might take the lilierly to consult with your lioiieami)
lo the best way of getting out of tho jaws of them Kliarki
f Ingians ; and two heads, as the saying is, is nlwayi
■ Iter than one."
" .Villi now you liave the advantage of three," obiirmJ
the officer, with a sickly smile ; " but I fear, Mallim,
that if your own he not siitlicient for tho purpose, iinn
will lie of littlo service, 'You must tako eoiinsel frin
your own cx|K!riencu and knuwiedgu of nautical iiiil-
ters."
" Why, to lie sure, your honour," and the sailor rolW
his quid from one cheek (n the other, " I think I iiuj
say as how I'll venture lo sleer the erart with any iiim
on thiv Canada lakes, and bring her imfv into |Kirt loi;
but seeing as how I'm only a, \tvUy olHeer, andnotyil
ri'eomiiiemled by his worship the governor fm' Ihrl'nII
eommand, I Ihought it but right lo consult with im
sii|H'ri<irs, not as to the managcmenl of Ihe erall, liii' ll>'
best lis is to be done. AVhat does your honour tliink ol
iiiiiking fiir the high land over the liirlsiard Isiw ynmliT,
anil w lilting liir the cliancr of Ihe night lireeie to tit'j
us through the Sinclair '"
" Ho whnlever you think Im'sI," relumed the niriml
" Fur my pari, I seareely can give nil opinion. Yit Im"
are we to get there / 'I'here does not apis'iir lo In- 1|
hrralli of wind."
" ( >li, that's easily managed ; we have only lo hriil
fiirl up a little, to hide our elolli from the InifinnK,
then send Ihe boats a-liead lo tow Ihe rrntl, while w
of us h'lid a hand nt her own swi-e|M. We shall Ki'l rli
under Ihe h'e of the land nfore night, and then we
pull nil agin nlonir shore, until we get within a iiiih'
HO of the bend of the rivi'r.'*
" lint ahall wc not bo «ccn by otir citeniiM'" ul
hoiiglit of, tl|9
lierimpassiontil
lei first hours of
command a t\n-
fcrc for a pcrkid
18 ono devoted,
rricf which cjI.
g8 of the niind.
n seemed lo en.
was il for hoiirj
recollection tint
to her heart anil
her Hi length lo
pjrco devote liet-
)r the first linii!
e presence oI'lKt
■eeping t'lura to
our ol' true piflv,
3d 11 ray of coin-
will not lulii tlic
V tcnrs even I'roin
lin liiiDseil'; lor,
liiiiitc iiimtoiiilcal
K88 could convey
c on, thoreforOito
irrative.
II opportunity wjs
ict nnture ol (liur
yet in the mulilk'
beltiiiff ii\viT|iii|'
A' tliu e<|uidisUiil
icus or iiniiicdiitc
y away, and wlien
Icndour, IhiTi' «js
tccp the nails from
! the vessel to obey
|KCuUar whislli of
I invocation of ih(
and lircathU'ss u
from the world of
s they foresaw llip
oliitost certainly of
ilc lubnniin); niidcr
danger, peculiar lo
iinoned Captain dt
t, by a Bii^iiifHant 1
ecU opposite to tlut
11(1 nturly hrokin-
lired tlio fornic » 1
of llie old null* I
s, I fur nie, bodw I
■mows whnt to ray
officer in the sliip,
It'ss liim ! I lli""glil
ith your honours n
[awn of Iheni Klmrki I
Buying i»i i»ol*«!i|
ioftlircc,"oWinil|
Int I fear, Mulliii',!
Ilie purpn»e, oiml
I lake counsel fr-m I
|u of nautiial m\-\
Ind tlir iiailor rolliill
Itr, " I •liii'l' ' "".' I
IcrnlV with any mini
mife into prlliioir
lolHeir, nndnnlyitl
lovernor fin- tholulll
ll COIlHUll Willi wjl
Inflliecralt, buMlfl
Inr honour think ofl
IrlHiiird l">w yniidc'T
li({lit breeze lo la»t|
jliirnrd the nffimJ
opinion. Yil li»'|
Kit upp«Mir to If >|
Ive only tn t'fi' '"^
In llio Inirinii".
le rrnll, wlnlcwn^
Wr shall IP'I 'I"
I null Iheii we i
l[('t within » Midi'
Lr ciieiiiie* ?" "H
WACoirsTA, on the pjiopiiecy.
;i ^
2;il
j^j i.jvorard; " and will tliuy not Ix; on tliu watch for our
iiioveineiits, and intercept our retreat?"
" Xow tliJlV ju.st tlie tiling, your honour, as they're
not likely to do, if so bo as nc bears away for yon
lieadlunds. I kiiow.s every nook and sounding round
the lake ; and odd onouffli if I didn't, seeinj; as how the
craft cireuinnavigated it, at least, a dozen times since we
have been eoo|Hd up here. Poor Captain Danvors !
(i;iay tlie devil take his nnirdercrs, I suy, though it does
make a ooniinander of mo for oiici ;) he ii.-ed always to
make for that 'ere [wiint, w lientver lie wished to lie quiet;
flir 111 ver onoc did wo see so iiiuch us u siiiglu liigian nn
llie liiailland. No, your honour, they keeiis ull at t'other
side of the lake, seeing as how that is the main roud
If.iiu Maokina to IJetroit."
" riiiii, l)y all means, do so," eagerly returned Cap-
fain <li' llaliiiiuar. " Oli, Mullins ! lake us bill safely
lliniujili, and if the interest of my father can proenro you
.1 kiiijf's coininission, you shall not want it, believe me "'
"And if iulf my fortune can give additional stimulus
t,i eiirli'iii, it shall lie sharc'd, with pleasure, betwtvn
viiiirsilf and crew," observed Sir Kveratd.
" Tliank your lioiiours, — tliunk your honours," said
till' boatswain, somewhat eleetrilied by these biillianl
nlUrs. "The lads may take the money, if they like; all
I eare.s about is the king's commission, (iivo mo but a
mall on my shoulder, and the money will come fast
I'liongli of itself. Hut, .-itill, shiver my topsails, if I wants
anv lirilrry to make me do 1113' duty ; liesides, if 'twas
iiiiiv liir lliem i»or girls alone, I would go tlirougli lire
and walir lo sarvc them. I'm not very chicken-heaited
ill my old age, your honours, but 1 don't recollect the
lime wIk^ii I blubbered so much as I did when .'\Iiss
Miileliiii^ come aboard. Hut i cim't licur to think of it ;
and now let us see and get all ready for tow ing,"
Every tiling now b<!cainc bustli^ and activity on board
till' sfliooner. Tlic malclies, no longer required for the
moineiil, were extinguished, and the heavy cutlasses and
|,istiila unbuckled from the loins of the men, and deposited
mar llieir respective guns. Light forms iKw uhdl, and,
sliniiiing out iijioii the yardp, loosely furled the sails that
had previously Ixxii hauled mid clewed iql; but, as this
\v,i8 an o|H'ration requiring little time in so siiiiiU a vessel,
lliiwe who were engaged in it sjicedily gliileiPto the deck
»<;iiiii, ready for a inor>^ arduous service. The boats hail,
iiiiaiiwhile, been got forward, and into these the sailors
f|iraiig, with an alacrity that could scarcely have been
ixiH'etiHl from men who had passed not only llie pre-
ndjiii; night, but many before it, in utter sleeplessness
and despair. Hut the imminence of the danger, and the
1 viilciit necessity existing for exertion, aroused them to
iii'iv energy ; and the hitherto motionless vessel was now
iiinilc to olK'y the impulse giviii by the tow r<)|>e8 of tlii^
limlii, in a manner that proved their crews to have
ndiri'd on their toil v\ ith llie detcriiiination of men, re-
Milii'il to di'Nole lliemselves in (tamest to their task. Nor
HUB the spirit of action confined to these. The long
swiYpB of the schooner had iM'en sliimH il, and such of the
I ri'w as reiiiniued on board lalKjureil elVeclually at them,
—a service, in which Ihey were essentially iiided, not
only liy iniiie liosl of llio Fleur do lis, bul by the young
irirris llielllselvcs.
At mid-day the headlnndii worn Kcrn looming largely
ill the distance, wliih,' the immediate shores ot llie ill-
fiilid fortress were niomenlarily, and in llir Hanui pro-
irllhii, disnpjicaring under the dim line of horizon in
I III!' rear. .More than half their course, from the s|Mit
\iliriiie lliey commenced lowing, hail Imtii compleled,
vlini till' harassed men were made tn quit their ours, in
ordir lo luirlake of the scanty fare of the vessel, consist-
iiii; I'liiilly of dried Isar's meat and venison. Spirit of
I my di'Ki'riptiiiii Ihey had none; but, unlike their brethren
ofllii' Atlaiilie, when driven to extremities in food, they
jkiiiu' mil what il was lo poison the iiutrilioiis priqirrtie..
Ii.f llii' liittrr by sipping the putrid dregs of the water-
i:iA, ill ipianlitii'H searee snlheienl to qiieiii h (he fire of
lluir |i,ireliid pillules. I'nslakcil Ihirsl was a misery
miKiiiiwn 111 the iiiarinerN of these lakes; il was but to
>l lliiir hiiekets (lien into Ilic li'inpting elemenl, and
|»ilir, pure, sweet, null gialefiil ns any tlinl ever bubliliil
lltNiii Ilic uniss-elail toiintiiin of sylvan deity, laiiie cisil
liiiid nlri'shiiig in their lips, iieulralising, m a iiieasure,
iriiilitns if the I'liarsesl food. Il was lo this iiiesti.
Iiiiil'li nilvaiituge llie crew of the seliiHiiier had Imtii
l{"Miii|i:dly iriilebteil for their health, :lmiiig llu^ long
iKfiiniil" privation, ns fiir an relnliil lo fresh iirovislons
I wil rut, III which Ihey had Ueii subieeted. ;\ll np|H'ured
|u iii,'iiriiii> in IVaiiie, and robiisl in health, ns at tin
liininiil wlieii Ihey hail last qiiitleil the waters of the
llMrmi; iimj |iiii |i-,r Hie inward sinking of ilic spirit,
liiiliiiid ill tnnny • LrouK'd and f\irru«cd i>t(iw, there
was little to show llicy had been (exposed lo any very
extraordinary trials.
Tluir niial having been hastily despatched, and sweet-
cned by a draught from the depths of the Huron, the sea-
men once more sprang into tlieir boats, and devoted
Iheinselves, heart and soul, lo the completion of their
task, pulling with a vigour that operated on each and all
with a temkiucy to enconragement and hoiie. At length
the vc.isel, still impelled by her own sweeps, gradually
approached the land ; and at rather more than an hour
beiiire sunset was so near that the moment was deemed
arrived when, without danger of being jierceived, she
iiiight bo run up along the .shore to the point alluded to
by the boatswain. Little more than another hour was
occupied in bringing her to her station ; and the red tints
of departing day were still visible in the direction of the
ill-l'uted iortress of Mieliillimaekinae, when the siiUeii
rumbling of the cable, following the heavy splash of the
anchor, announced the place of momentary concealmciil
had Ix'cn gaineil.
The anchorage lay between two projecting headlands;
to the oiilermost extremities of which were to be seiii,
overhanging the. lake, the stalely birch and pine, coii-
neeli'd at their base by an impenetrable brushwood, ex-
lending lo the very shore, and alVording the amplest con-
cealment, except (roni the lake side and the banks under
which the seliooner was moored. I'Vom the first quarter,
however, little danger was incurred, as any canoes the
savages might send in discovery of tlieir course, must
niinvoidably be seen the moment they appeared over the
line of the horizon, while, on the irailrary, llieir own
vessel, ultJiough much larger, resting on and identified
with the land, must be invisible, except on a very near
approach. In the opposite direction they were equally
safis fiir, as Mullins had truly remarked, none, save a
few wandering hunters, whom ehiinee occasionally led
lothe spot, were to be met with in a part of the country
Ihat lay so eomplelely out of the track of comnuinit.ition
between the fortresses. It was, however, but to double
the second headland in their front, and Ihey came within
view of the Sinclair, the head of which was situated little
more than a league beyond the spot where they now
lay. Thus secure for the preseiil, and waiting only for
the rising of the breeze, of which the setting sun had
given promise, the sailors once more snatched their
hasty relieslimeiit, while two of their numlHr were sent
iiloll to keep a vigilant look-out aking the circuit em-
braeed by the eiishroiiding headlands.
During the whole of the day the cousins had conti-
nued on deck clas|K.'d in each other's arms, and sheilding
tears of bitterness, and heaving the most heart-rending
sobs at intervals, yet but rarely conversing. The fiel-
iugs of both were too much oppressed lo admit of the
iitlerance of their grief. The vampire of despair had
banqiieled on their hearts. Itllen had Sir Kverard and
De Ilaldimur paused momentarily from the laliour or
their oars, to east an eye of anxious solicitude on the
scarcely conscious girls, wishing, rather than c.\|H'etiiig,
to find the violence of their desolation abated, and that,
in the fiiU expansion of unreserved eommunieatioii, they
were relieving their sick hearts from Ihe terrible weight
of woe that bore them down. Captain de Ilaldimur had
even once or twice essayed to introduce the subiect him-
self, in the linpei that some fresh paroxysm, tollowing
their disclosures, would remove the horriblo 8lii|iefaetii>n
of their senses ; but the wild liKik and excited manner
of Madeline, whenever he touched on the chord ol' her
utiliclion, had as otlcn caused him lo desist.
Towards the evening, hoviever, her natural strength
of cliaraeter came in aid of his i|iiieKCciit ell'orls to smilhe
her ; and she niipeured imt only inoru eoiii|Hiseil, bill
more Nensible ot ihe impression priMlnced by surround-
ing objecls. As Ihe last rnys of the sun were tinging
the horizon, she drew up her form in n sitting |>usitioii
against the bulwarks, and, raising her elns|H'd liunils lo
heaven, wliiUi her eyes w.re Is'iil long and fixedly on the
distunl west, aii|H'ared for soiuii minutes wholly lost in
that atliliide ul absorption. Thou she closed her eves;
nnd lliroiigh Ihe swnlli ti lids eiiine eomsing, one by 0111
over her quivering cheek, largo tears, thai seemed to
scald a fiirrow where Ihey juisscd, Aller this she bei^ume
more calm. — her respiration inero tree; and she iven
I iiiisi iiteil lo taste the humble meal which the young
iiinii now olleri d for the third time. Neither Cluia nor
herself had eaten lisid since Iho preceding morning ;
anil the weakness of their iVuiues coiitribiiteil not u litUe
to the iui reusing iles|Hiii(leney of their spirits; but, iiol-
wlthstanding several atlempts privioiisly made, they Innl
rejected what wus otl'eriil llieni, with insurmoiiiituble
loiithing. When they had now swnllo\«'ed a fi'w iniirsels
of Uiv ilicud vcniauu luuii, pri'imred witli all tlio delicacy
the nearly exhausted resources of the vessel could sup-
ply, accompanied by a small portion of the corn-bread of
Ihe Canadian, Captain de llahliniar prevailed on Ihcnito
swallow a few drops of the spirit that slill reiiiained in
the canteen given them by Krskine on their departure
from Detroit. The genial liquid sent a kindling glow to
their chilled hearts, and fiir a moment deadened the pun-
gency of their anguish ; and then il was that Miss de
llaldimar entered briefiy on the horrors she had wilncsH-
ed, while Clara, with her arm eiieiri ling her waist, fixed
her dim and swollen eyes, from which a liar ever and
anon rolled heavily to her lap, on those of her beloved
cousin.
CMArTER XXIV.
Williout borrowing the alVeeliiig language of tlic un-
happy girl — a language rendered even nntre touching by
the jieeuliar pathos of her tones, and the searching
iigoiiy of spirit Ihat bursi at inlervals through her iiar-
rulive — we will merely jiresint our readers with a brief
iininiary of what was gleaind li'oiii her melancholy dis-
closure. On beaiing her cousin to the licd-rocni, after
the lerrilyiiig yell first heard Ironi wilhoiil the llirt, she
had down down the I'ront slairs of the bloek-liuiise, in
Ihe hope of reaching the guaid-room in time to acquaint
Captain Haynloii with what she anil ('lara had witnessed
from Ihcir window. Scarcely, however, had she gained
the exterior of the building, w hen she saw that oflieer
descending from a point of the rampart iiiiiiK'ilialely on
her It II, and almost in a line with the block-housr. lie
was rmining to overtake and return the ball of Ihe In-
dian jilayers, which had, at Ihat miniiciit, fullen into the
centre of the tort, and wc.s now rulling rapidly uway
from the spot on which Miss de llaldimar stood. The
course of the ball led Ihe pursuing ofiicer out of Ihu
reach of her voice ; audit was not until he had over-
taken nnd thrown it again over the rampart, she could
succeed in claiming his alleiition. No sooner, liowevr,
had he heard her hiinied statemenl, than, without wail-
ing to talte Ihe oidirs of his eommaniling olliccr, ho
prepared to join his guard, and gave iliieclioii,s liir tliu
immediate closing of the gales. Hut Ihe oppurtmiily
was now lost. The delay ocei.sioned by llie chase nnd
recovery of the ball had given the Indians time lo ap-
proacli the gates in a body, while the unsuspicious sol-
diery looked on withoul so iiiiicii as ihiamingto prevent
llieni; and Caplnin I'aynton had scarcely nioveil liirward
in exeeution of his purpose, wliin Ihe yelling fit lids were
seen already pos.sessing IheniMlvcs of the drawbridge,
and cxhibiling every appearance nf liirce hostility.
Wild, muildened at tli, .-igli!, the almosi fruntie IMade-
liiie, alive only to her fiitlii r's danger, nislii d back to.
wards the council room, whence Ihe startling yell from
withoul had already been eclioeil, nnd wl ere the Irainp
ofti'i'l, and Ihe elasliing of weapons, were disliiiguishable.
Cut oil' I'roin his guard, by the rapid imiiidatiou of
warriors. Captain llaynlim had at once seen Ihe futility
of all atlempts to join the men, and his first inipressioii
evidently had been lo devote himself to the picscrvalion
of the cousins. With this view he turned hastily lo Miss
de llaldimar, and hurriedly naming the back slnireasc of
the Idock-house, urged her to direcl her fiigbt to thai
ipmrter. Hut the excited girl hud neither eonsidenitioii
nor fiur for herself; she tlioughl only of her fiillier : nnd,
even whihi the fu reeness of contest was as its height
within, she siidilenly burst into the council riMim. The
eonliision and horror of the scene that met her eyes no
language can render : blood w as tlowing in every din e-
lion, and dying and dead ollieers, nlrendy stripped of
their scalps, were lying strewed nismt the room. Still
Ihe survivors fought with ull the olislinacy of despnir,
nnd many of Ihe Inilians hud sliured tlic fiile of Ihcir
victims. -Miss lie lluldiniar iitti iiipli d to reach her
Hither, llicii vigorously euinbalinn with one of the most
iles|Hrnlc of the chiefs; but, Is't'orc she could dull
through Ihe intervening crowd, a savage seijcd her by
the hair, and brandished a tomahuwk rapidly over her
neck. Al that luoiin iil Captain HmviiIiiii sent his glit-
tiring bluile deep into Ihe heart of llir Inilian, who, re-
linquishing his grasji, fill ill ad ul the lid of his intended
viiliiu. 'i'he ilevoteil ofiicer then threw his M) nrni
round her wuist, and parrying willi his sword-arm the
blows of those who sonulit to intcrccpl his fiigbt, drug-
ged his reluctant biirili 11 Inwards the door. Holly press-
ed by Ihe remainiiig otfici rs, nearly equal in iiimilHr,
the Indians were now eompelh il io turn and defiiiil
lliinisi Ives ill front, win 11 Captain llnyntoii took Ihat op-
portimity of geltiiig once more into |hi< corridor, not,
however, withoul having recei\ed a severe wound iiii-
mediately Uhlnd thu riitlit car, and k'uvuiK a ikirt uiiU
fJjiJ'iVv.'. ir~^H
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l:ipiH.l of )iis nniliirrii in the liiiiiils of two s;iv;igt's wlio
IiiiU siicMJL'ssively (,«s!iyicl to ilcliiiii liiiii. At that liioiiicnt
the band witlioiit liaii siiccci'dcd in lorciiifj open tlic door
of the pru:ird room ; and the olliccr saw, ul a {;lanco
Iheri^ was little time Iclt for decision. In hurried and iin-
jiloring iioecnts ho lies(.n;Tht .Miss de llalclimar to lortret
every Ihini; but her own danger, and to suninion resolu-
tion to tear lierself from the sreno : bnt prayer and en-
treaty, and even force, were alike employed in vain,
(^linn^ini; lirndy to the rude balustrades, she refusc<l to he
led up llieslaircaFC, and wildly resisting all his clVorlslo
(letaeh her hands, ileelared she woidil aitain return to the
scene of death, in which her helovcd [larent waa so con-
spicuous iin actor. While lie wa.'i yet cnn;a(.'ed in this
fruitless attempt to force her from the spot, the door of
the e(mneil-ro<ini w.is sudilenly burst o|ien, and a frroup
ol' hleedinff ollicers, amonir whom was ]\l;ij(ir de llalili-
niar, liilloweil by their yillin;,' enemies, rushed wildly
into the passage, and, at tlu^ very foot of the stairs
wliire they yet stood, the eondiat was renewed From
that moment !\Iiss ile IlaMiniar lost sight of her gene-
rous protector. I\reanwhile the tinnnlt of execrations,
nnd groans, and yells, was at its height; and one by one
ulie saw the unliap)>y olVieers siidi heneatli weapons yet
reeking with the blood of their eomr.ides, until not more
than threi^ or four, including her lather and the com-
mander of the sehooner, were left. At length Major de
Ilahliniar, overcome by exertion, and faint from wounds,
while his wild eye darted despairingly on his daughter,
had his sworil-arm desiM'rately wounded, when the bliule
dropjied to the earth, and a dozen wea|H)ns glittered
above his heiid. 'I'iie wild shriek that had .startled (Mara
then burst from the agonised heart of her niaddeneil
cousin, and she darted liirward to cover her lather's head
with her arms. Itut her senses tailed her in the attempt;
nnd tin' last thing she recolleeted was tailing over the
weltering llnni of Miildlelon, wlio pressed her, as she lay
then', in the convulsive energy of death, to his almost
pulseless heart.
A vague consciousness of being raised from the earth,
lK)rne rapidly through the air, came over her even in the
midst of her insensibility, but without any delinite per-
ception of the present, or reeolleetion of thi^ past, until
she suddenly, when ahunt miilway between the fort inni
the point of wo(kI th.it led to Ch.iliouigu, oj)ene{l her eyes,
and liiund herself in the lirni grasji of an Indi.in, wliosi'
fi'itures, even in the hasty and li'arful glani'c she cast ut
the eounleiianei', sln' I'rneii d weri! not nnl'ainlliar to her.
Not another Iminan being was to be seen in the clearing
.11 that moment ; fin- all llii^ siivages, including evi n the
women assembled outside, were now within the lint as-
sisting in the complex horrors of nmrder, lire, and
spoliation. In the wild energy of returning nnson and
despair, the wretcheil girl siruggh'cl viohaitly to free lier-
sell ; and so far with success, that thi' Imlian, whose
strength was evidently fast tailing him, wiis eompelli'd
to ipiit his hold, and snller her to walk. No sooner did
AlisH de llaldiinar I'eel her let t touelring the ground,
whi'ii she again reneweil her exertions to free hersellj
nnd return to the llirt; but the Indian hi Id Ik r tirinly
Bccnreil by it leathern thong he now ullaehed to In i
waist, and 1 very attempt proved .bortive. IIi; wuH evi-
dently much dis.'oneerted at her resistance ; nnd more
than oni'e nhe expciti'il, and almost liopr'd,th« tomahawk
nl his side wonlil be made to revenge him liir the test to
which hi'< patiince was siibjeelid : but .Miss de llalcli-
mar lookeil in v.'iin for the ex|iression of ferocity and
iinp.ilieiiec that miuhl have been expected from liim at
Nuch II moment. 'I'lieie was an air of moiirnfnlHess,
and ivi'ii kindness, mingled with sexerilv, on his smooth
lirow tliAt harmonised ill with llu^ bornlile atroeiti( s in
which he hail, io all appearanc<', eoveri'd as he was with
blood, I'l'i'U so recent and prominint an ailor. The In-
dian ri'inarked her sUiprise ; and then looking hurriidly,
lint keeidy, around, and tinding no living being near
them, Kiiddcnly tore the shirt t'roin his chest, and eni-
Iiliatieally pronouncing the iniinen " Oueanasta," " De
laldininr," disclosed to the still strug;;ling captive the
li.isom of a woninn. .\fter w hieh, pointing in the direc-
tion of the wood, nnd linally towards Detroit, she gave
Aliss de llaldiniar to nndi rst.ind that wuh the conrw In-
leinled to be pursued.
In n moment the resiHianee of the latter ceased. Slie
at once recognised the young Indian woman whom her
cousin had rescued tVom ileatli : and aware, as she was,
of (he Htrong atlacliment that had HuliMipiently lionml
her to her priservcr, kIic was lit no loss to iiiidrrstand
how she might have been led to devote herself to the
rc«cue of one whoiii, it wan probable, she km w to !«■ his
allianced wife. Once, inilied, n suspicion of ii dilli rent
imtnre rroiwed her mind ; for the llinnglil occurred t" her
she had only been saved from the generul doom to be
made the vic'tim of private revenge — that it was only to
gUit the jealous vengeanee of the woman at a more deli-
berative liour, she had been made a temjiorary captive.
The np|>ri'li( Uhion, however, was no sooner formed than
extinguished. Hitterly, deeply as sli« hail reason to ab-
hor the treachery and cunning of tl.e dark race to which
her captor bilonged, there was an expression of open-
ness and sincerity, and even imploringness, in the conn-
tcnanee of Oueanasta, which, added to her loniu r know-
ledge of the woman, at once set this fear at rest, induc-
ing her to look upon her rather in the character of a dis-
interested saviour, than in that of a cruel and vindictive
enemy, goaded on to the indulgence of malignnnt hate
by a sjiii it of rivalry ami revenge. Hesides, even were
her cnielest fears to be realised, vhat could await her
v.'uise than the past? If she could even succeed in get-
ting away, it would only lie to return upon certain
death; and death only could await her, liowever refined
the tortures aecompaiiying its inllictiou, in the event ol
her i|uietly following and yielding herself up to the guid-
ance of one who otVercd this slight consolation, at least
that she was of her own sex. Jiiit Miss de llaldimar
was willing to attribute more generous motives to the
Indian ; nnd fortified in her first iiupression, she signi
lied by signs, that seemed to be perleclly intelligible to
her companion, she a|)precialed her friendly intentions,
nnd confided wholly in her.
No longer clucked in her efforts, Oueanasta now di-
rected lier cour.se towards the wood, still holding the
thong that remained nttaclieil to Miss de Ilaldimar's
waist, probably with a view to deceive any individuals
from the villages on wliom they might chance to liill,
into the belief that the Knglisli girl was in reality her
prisoner. No sooner, however, had they entered the
depths of the fiiicsl, when, instead of foHowing the path
that led to C'habouign, Oueanasta look a direction to the
lri\, and then moving nearly on a parallel line wi.'li the
course of the lake, continued her lliglit as rapidly as the
rude nature of the underwood, and the unpractisci leet
of her companion, would permit. They Ii.kI travelled
in this manner for upwards of t'our hours, without meet-
ing a breathing thing, or even so much as exchanging a
sound between themselves, when, at length, the Indian
stopped at the i dgc of ii deep cavern-like excavation in
the earth, produced by the tearing up, by the wild teiii-
pest, •■''an enormous pine. Into this she descended, and
presently reappeared with several blankets, and two
light painli d paddles. Then mdoosing the thong from
the waist of the rxhausled girl, she proceeded to disguise
her in one of the blankets in the manner already shown,
securing it ovc r the head, throat, and shoulders with the
badge of captivity, now no longer necessary for her pur-
pose. She then struck oil' at right angles from the course
they had pnvioiisly purMicd; and in less than twenty
minutes both stood on the lake shore, apparently at a
great distance from the point whence they had originally
set out. The Indian gazed fiir ii moment anxiously Ih-
loro her ; iind then, with lUi exdnmalion, evidently
meant to convey a seme of |.leasnre and satisfictiou,
pointed forward upon the lake. Miss th^ Ilnhlimar fol-
lowed, with eager and aching eyes, the direction of her
finger, and beheld the well known Hchooner evidently
urging her tli:;ht towards the entrance of the Sinclair.
Oh, how her sick heart siemeil ready to burst at that
moment! I''rnni the vessel she turned her eyes away
upon the distant shore, which it was tiist i|uitting, and
beheld a eiiluinii of 11' led llame nnd smoke tovvcriiu'
fiir above the hovi/.ini. I attesting the universal wreck
of what had so long bei n endeared to her as her home.
.\nd sill' had witneusecl all this, and yet had htiength to
survive it I
'I'he courage of the nnliapny girl liad liitherto Isen
su^tailnd by no c ll'iirt of volition of her own. From the
mnmi lit when, discovering a friend in Oiicnnastii, she
had yielded lierHcIf nnrcsislingly to the gnldaiiei' of that
ijeiicrous creature, her H'cliugs liml been clmractcrisid
by an obtnsencsN strongly in contrast with the high ex-
citement thai had iliHtini.'iiishcd her previous manner.
A ih'eamv reeolleetion of some past horror, it is trm ,
pursued lier during her r ipid and speechless lliglit; bnt
any analysis of the causes conducing to that horror, her
sii(i|ugaleil liicnities were unable to enter upon. She
hail liillovvi il her eoiidiiclor nlniost without conscioiiniicss,
and with sneh deep nbsi rption ot' spirit, that she neither
oni onjeelureil wlii»lier lliey wcic going, nor what was
to be the final issue of their llighl. lint now, when she
stood on the lake shore, siiddi lily iivvakened, as if by
some startling spell, to ivery b.irrowing recollection, and
with her .ittcntioii nssiiitc<l by objcctM long endeared, and
rendereil tiimilinr to lier cntr — when ulie IhIicIiI the vc«.
■scl that had last borne her across the still bosom of tht
Huron, fleeing for ever from the fortresB where her arrivi.1
had been so joyously hailed — when she saw that fortri.is
itself presenting the hideous spectacle of u blackincil
mass of ruins last crumbling into nothingness, a fuim.
MOSS, as of death, cnmc over lier, nnd she sank vvitliout
life on the bench. Of whnt passed nftcrwards, sin; Imd
no recollection. .She neither knew how she had got into
the canoe, nor what means the Indian hnd taken to sc.
cure her approach lo the schooner. She had no eon.
sciousness of having been removed to the bark of the
Canadian, nor did she even remember having risen anil
gazed through the foliage nn the vessel lit her side; imi
she presumed, the chill air of morning having purli;i|lv
restored pulsation, she had moved instinctively frinn jnj
recuinbent position to the spot in which her spcctie.|i|,(.
countenance had been perceived by Fuller. 'I'he llr^t
moment of her returning reason was that when, slnnil.
ing on the deck of the scliooner, she limnd herself fo un.
expectx'dly clasped to the heart ef her lo\cr.
Twiliglit had entirely passed iiway when IHin d,.
Haldimur completed her sad narrative ; nnd already tin,
crew, roused to exertion by the swelling breeze, vveic
once more engaged in weighing the nnchoi, and tellinjt
and trinuning the .sails of the schonner, which laitir
soon lieg.iii to sh(«)l round the concealing hendlaiiil iiHd
the o[iening of the Sinclair. A dcnlhliRe silence pn.
vniled througliont the ilccks of the little hark, as liit
bows, dividing the waters of the basin that foriiiul ib
sourci', gradually immergcd into the current of that ilui,
but narrow river; so niirrow, indeed. Hint from itscentn
the least nctivo of the mariners might have leaped viilli.
out dillicnlly to either shore. This was the most criliial
part of the dangerous navigation. With a wiilc mj.
board, and full conininnd of their helm, Ihev hadnolliinir
to fear ; but so limited was the passage ol this rirer, ii
was with dillicnlly the yards nnd u.asts of tlie sclincincr
could be ki pi disengaged from the projecting boujilis of
the dense forest that lined the adjacent sliorcs to llieir
very junction with the water. The darkness of tin.
night, moreover, wliile it promised lo shield them trim
the observation of Ihc savages, contributed grciilly |i,
{Hrplex they; movemenlH ; for such was the alirii|itiii's«
vvitli which the river wound itself round in variniH
directions, tliul it required « man constantly on the ulcrl
at the bows to apprise the hehnsnian of the cniirse Ik
should steer, lo avoid collision with the shores, i'nw.
pics of weaving branclies met in various dircclinns I'r"
above their heads, and through Ihcse the Bchooiier glid.il
with a silence that might have called up the idea ol a
Stygian freight. Meanwhile, tho men stood In lluir
guns, concealing the matches in their water-biickvls m
before ; and, while they striiincd both enr ainl i yi'
Ihrongh the siiiTounding glmini to discover the slighlol
evidence of danger, gruB|K'd l!ie handles of their lul-
lasses with ii firm linnd, ready tu unsheathe tliciii ul tliv
first inlimnlion nf nlarin.
At the suggestion of the boalswuin, wim hinleil iit tl»
necessity of having ch'nrcd decks. Captain de llakliaiir
had prevailed on his mifortunnte relatives lo retin' lollir
small cabin nrrnnged fur their reception; nnd heir liny
were nttended by an aged female, who hnd hing fell .nul
the fortunes of the crew, and acted in tlii; twotiilil rliii.
racier of laundress nnd sempstress, lie himin Hi »illi
I'^ir Kverard, conliiiued nn ihck watching the pniffrcKiil'
llii; vessel with nn nnxiely Ihnl became more ii ' itiiI
eiieli suceeeding hour. Ililherto their course I I hull
uiiiiii|H'dcil, save by the idistnclcs nlrendy eimiiiinilni;
and liny had now, at about an hour Isliire iliiwii, i^.iliird
a pi'liit that promised a speedy termination totlnii (Liii-
gels and perplexities, Ik fiire tliini lay a reach ih tin
river, enveloped in more than ordinary gloom, priHliunl
by the contiliUoiiH weaving of the tops of the oveilmii;;.
ing trees; and in the perKpectlve, ii gleam of relii vme
light, ill noting the near vicinity of the lake that kiy nl
the opposite extremity of the Sinclair, whose iiiiiiii' il
ilso bore. This was tlie narrowest pari of the river; niiil
so approvimalc were its shores, that the vesnil la liii
iirse coiild not f lil to come in contact Imth with llir "li
triiding liiliiigi' of the forest and the dense biilrii«lii'<
skirling the edge of either bank.
' If we get safe Ihrough thin lierr place," snicl tin
boatswain, in a rough whisper to his anxious iiiiil iillni'
live auditors, " I tliiik ns how I'll venture to answer llir
the enil). I Clin see daylight iliiieing ii|Hin the liilii' nl
n ally. Ten miimli's more and she will be Ihere." Tlini
liirmng to the man nl thii helm, — " Kei p her in lis nn
Ire of the strciim, .liiii. Hm'l ymi see you're liin'(iiij!
the weather sliori '"
■ Il would take till' devil himself to li II wliieli 1> ll»
CI litre," growled the snilor, In the same siipprciw il l"ii'
'i'«i'epiion nf
WACOUSTA, OU THE rROl'IIECY.
•-:.') J
boFom ol' iln
icrc her ;irri\il
w tliat tbrlrtss
if u blackdicd
giicsa, a fiiint-
siiiik witlioiit
wards, sin; liad
le had j;ot iiilg
ad taUeu to sc.
c bad no con.
10 bark of iht
iving risen ;rai|
it bcr Kule; \mi
laving irartially
•tivcly from hit
her M|H'Cln.'.liki:
lUer. The fiM
at wlicn, slniul.
id herself Foun.
icr.
when MisH dc
and already llm
ig breeze, wire
lioi, and tclliin
ler, wliieli liitiit
iig headland iuld
liUc silence |iri.
.tlo bark, im lur
that furnuil it.«
rrentof tliiit ilu|i
iit from its eeulri
ittvc leaped villi.
the most eriliciil
^'ith a wide wa.
tUov l"'d nolliiiii;
c lit' tliis river, il
1 ol" tlic seliodiirr
jecting boiijiliBiir
lit BlioreB to tlnir
darkness of llie
shield Ihem fnmi
ibuted preiilly t"
IS the abriiptmsii
ronnd in viirmii"
lantly on the uKrI
of the course In-
sluireH. Calif-
lUH dir<;eti"iis fir'
sehooner (jliiloil
u\i tho idea ol a
Btiiiid lo lliiit
wat<?r-hn< Uels ,i.-
... I'nr aed ly
.iver the Rlijrlili>l
illes of llieit cut-
•all 10 them at the
who hinted nl ll"
rtain do lliddiiiii.r
,CB to retire tullir
J unil la !<' 111!)
-id long f"ll 'Wul
the twoful.l Hill.
lie liiiiii" II, Willi
iig tho iiro'jti'i-s 111'
le more ii ' '''' »'
.iiur^e I. •■ liiill
riidy enniiuralril;
Hire ilawii, !;aiiiiJ
iliiin lollnii tl.iii.
y a reneli iii ll»
. gliiiini, iiroduiTil
„f the iiM'ili.iiii!.
IliMini of nliiviim
llll»r tliiit l.iy »'
r, wlicwe iiiiiiii' ll
lift he rinr;iiiiil
the vessel in la'
liiilli with ll"' "I'
dense lailniKli"
plnre," sni'l ll"'
Inxiiin" iiinl a"™'
lure to iinswirliir
1 ii|Mili the laVi' «!■
I be there." 'I'ln"
\y hir ill till I'll
. yiiu're U(\i"'i
1 1,11 wiiirlllnllK
■ mipprenseil li'ii'
I'll
"()iic iiiiKlit .steer with one's oyes slint in sueli a i|iieei-
iiliice as tliis, and never bo no worscr oil' than with tlieni
"Steady her lielin, steady ," rejoined Mnllins, " it's as
liiirk as |iitch, to bo sure, but the passat;u is straigiit as an
arrow, and willi ii steady holm you can't miss it. IMuUe
for the lliiit aliond."
"Aliall there'." hurriedly and loudly shouted tliu man
on tlie look-out at tho bows, " there's i troo lying across
(III. river, and we're just upon it."
Wliilo ho yet spoke, and liofo.'': 'ilie jalswuin could
irivc siieli instructions us tho cine"; ncy roiiuired, the
n'«il suddenly striiek against the obstaelo in <|ue.slioii ;
liul llie concussion was not of tho violent nature that
laiL'lit have been untieipated. Tho course of tlie .scliooner,
;it no one iieriod particularly rapid., had been consider-
alily eliecliod sineo lior outran ic into tho gloomy arch,
ill ilie centre of which hor present accident bail occurred;
solli.it it was witliout ininiediato injury to her hull and
pilars she had been thus suddenly biouglit to. lint this
was not Ilie most iilarniing part ol' the ullair. t'aptaiii
lie llaldimar and .Sir Kverard both recoUocted, th.-it, in
making the same passage, not forty -eight hours previous-
ly, tlioy had encountered no obstacle of the kind, and a
iiiisjliviiig of danger rose siinultaiieously to the hearts of
lacli. It was, however, a. thing of too coniiiiou oecur-
rriice, where storm and tempest were so prevalent and
|iartial, to eieate more than a mere tem|)orary iilarni ; for
It was ipiite as probable the barrier had boon iiiteriiosed
l.y Home fitful outburst of nature, as that it arose iVoin
ilisign on the part of their cneinios: and when the vcs.
sil had eoiitiiiued stationary for some inimiteH, withonl
llii' |iri'|iared and expectant crew discovering the sliglit-
isl iiiilieation of attuek, the former imiiression was pre.
mTH.I liy I'le oll'icers — at least avinveilly to l.'iosr arniiiiil.
"lliar a hand, my lads, and cut away," at length or.
ill H'd the boatswain, ill a low but clear tone; " lialf a
ikizen at eiieli end of tho stick, and wo sliuU soon clear a
|i,i.«sa).'u llir the erall."
A dim n sailors grasjKd their n.ves, and hastened for-
ward to e.ieeiile tlio eiiinmand. 'rhev» sjirang lightly
Iroiii llir entangled bows of tlio scliooiier, and divertjim;
iiii'i|iial numbers moved to either e.Klreinity of (he fallen
trrii.
"This is sailing through tho heart of tho American
firiiit with a vengeaiiee," muttered Mullins, whoso an-
iiiiyanceat their detention was strongly nianifested as he
iniiJ ii|i and down the deck. " Shiver iiiy topsails, if it
i.-ii'l had enough to clear the Sinclair at any time, luuch
iiinrc so when one's running for one's liie, and not a
»liis|iii'H length from one's enemies. Do you know,
('a|ilaiii," abruptly cheeking his movemeni, and familiar-
II |i|:i(ing his bund on the shoulder of l)e JIaldimar, "the
liM time we sailed through this very reach I eouldii'l
III llilrlliiig poor ('aptiiin Panvers, (ind rest bis sniil, what
a nil'' sjini it was for an lugiaii auibiiseade, if they liad
iiiily L'ainpliou enough to think of it."
"llarkl" said the ollieer, whose heart, eye, and ear
Hire |i,iiiil"iilly on tho alert, "what rustling is that we
luar nver'iead f"
"ll'«,liiek KuUer, no doubt, your liiinoiir; I sent him
111 111 I'lear away the bi.inehes I'rom the main topmast
ii;i.'ln|r." Tlieii raising his licud, and elevating his voice,
"llilloal iilort there!"
Till' only answer was a groin, fiillowed !iy a deeper
rniiiinirliiin iiininig llie rustling foliage.
"Why, ivh.il the devil's tile matter with you now,
h'\ "' piirsiii'd the lioitswain, in a video ofangry velie.
iiiiiitv. " .\re ye seared at anolher ghost, thai yo keep
Brnniiiii; there utler that liishioii .'"
\l that iiiiiiii. . a heavy dull mass was heard tunihlint.r
I'lriiiiL,'!! III! tipjM'r rigning of the sehiioner Inwards the
III ik; ami presently a huinan liirni ti'll at (he very Ii rl nf
|l'i'<iiiil| ijriiup, eoinposed of the two oHieers and Ihi' in
iiilinl who hull last spoUeii.
" \ li^dil, a lii;lil I" siiiiiited the lioalswiiin ; " the fiKil
Milri|ilias Inst his liiilil lliniugli fear, iiiiil leii to mie il
k' limi'l rriieked his Kkiill piece for his piiiis. (Juiek
"■ Hilh a light, and h I's see what we eiin dn fur him
I'll' iilli iiijiiii nf all had Ixeii iirrestid by the miiiuiI nf
il' l'illiii|r weiifht, null n« one of the siiiliirs now iidvniiieil,
iiiiilfadaik lantern IVoin below, tho whnlo of the erew,
illillii' ixeeplioii nf those employed on the liiUeii tree,
il'ii rnl tliniHelve.4 in n knot round the tnotioiitesfi titrti
ll llii iirimlrali' man. Ihit no niHiner liiiil thiiir eyoK en
aialind the objeet of their interest, when each liidivi.
iiNlirli'd Kiidilenly and invnluntarily liaek, Imriiig his
I, niiddiawiiig fiirtli his pislnl, tho whoh> present
|ii;a LTiiip nf eoiiiiteiianees slroiigly marki'd hv vniioiix
> iif I'liiisleninlioii and iiliiriii, eviiii vvhilii llieir nt-
ilailii Will' Ih.iiii. nl" men pieparrd lor Home (iereo iind
des|ii rule dr.iiger. It was indeed Kuller whom they hail
iiehild, hill lint lalioiiriM'_r, lui the boiit'^wiiiu had iiii.igiii-
ed, under the mere inlliieuee of KUperslilinus fear, lie
was (load, and l!ie blood tlowing from a deep wound, in-
ilicl.ed by a sharp iustrunieut in liiseliest,aiid llie scalped
head, liHi plainly told the iiiaiiner of his death, and the
danger that awaited them all.
A paii^e ensued, but it was short. UeCoro any one
could Iind words to remark on the horrible eireimistanee,
the apiKilliug war-cry of tho sdvages burst loudly fnnii
every ((uaiter upon the ears of the devoted crew. In the
desperation of the moment, several of the nien clutched
their ontlasses between their teetli, and seizing tho coii-
eoidod inatehcs, ruslied to their reupoetivo stations at the
gnus. It was ill vain tlio boatswain called out lo them,
ill a voice of stern antliority, to desist, intimating that
their only protection lay in the re.<ervatiou of tho lire of
their batteries, tiuaded and e.\eiled, beyond tho power
of resistance to an imimlso thai set all suliordiiialion nt
ileliance, they applied the matches, and almost at the
same instant tho terrilic di.seliargo of both broadsides
took plaoe, rocking the vessel to tho water's edge, .and re-
verberating, throughout the eoiiliiiid space in which she
lay, like tlio deadly explosion of some deeply excavated
mine.
Scarcely had the guns been fired, when tho soanieu be-
came sensiblis of tlieir imprudence. Tho echoes were
yet struggling to force a passage through the dense forest,
when a second yell of the Indians amiounced the liercesl
joy and triumph, unmixed by disa.sler, nl the result ; and
iheii the <|uiek leaping of ninny liirnis eould ho heard, as
they divided the crashing underwood, and rushed forward
to close with their prey. It was evident, from the diller-
eiieo of souinl, their tirst cry li.id lieeii peaUd forth wliili'
lying prostrate' on the ground, and si euro I'rom the liul-
lels, whoso harmless discharge that cry wns intended In
provoke; for now the voices seemed to rise progressively
i'roni the earth, until they reached the hivel of each indi-
vidual In iglil, and were already almost hotly breathiii
in t!;.' ears of those they wore dci^tined to till with illimit-
able dismay.
".Shiver my lopsnils, but this comes of disobeying or-
ders," roared the boatswain, in a voice of miiigli d auger
and vexation. "The Ingians are ipiile as cunning as
ourselves, and arn'l to be frighted that way. *iiiick,
every cutlass and pistol to his gangway, and let's do our
best. I'ass tho word forward lor the axeiiii ii to return to
(piarters."
Keeovercd from their first paroxysm of alarm, llio men
at length beeaine sensible of the presence of a dirceting
IHiwcr, which, liumblo as it was, their long habits nf ilis.
eipline Iind langlit them to ies|Hel, and, hi ailed <HI the
one side by Ciiptiiiii do llaldimar, and on the nther by
Sir Kverard Vallelurt, neither of whom, however, enter
taiiied the iiiosl rcniiite ehiiiiee of siieeess, llew, as eoni
iieiiiiled, to their I'espeelive gangways. The yill of tin
iiidians had again ceased, and all was liiishi d into slill-
iiess; but as the anxious and i|uieksiglited olUeers gazed
over tho liiilwarks, they liiiieieil they eonid perceive, even
Ihrongb the deep [;liKim that every where prevailed, tin
Ihriiis of men, resting in I'aiitiniis and eager iitlitiides, on
the very verge of the b. inks, and nt u distance nf liltl
innre th.iii half pi-tol shut. Kvery lieiirl beat with < x-
|H'ilaney, — i very eye was riveted intently in I'rnnl, to
wateli and meet the lii'st iniivemeiits nf their liies, but imt
II snniiil of approaeh u.is audilile lo the eipinlly attentive
ear. In this stale of aeliiiig suspense tin y might hav
eoiiliiiiii'd idiniil live iiiimitis, when suddenly their lieartH
were made to ipiail by a third cry, thai eniiie, iint as pre-
viously, I'mni Iho hulks of the river, hilt I'rniii the very
eeiilre nf Ihi ir own deeks, and I'rom the Inpmasl and
ri^'i'.ing of the I'lhooner. Sn suddrii and imexpeeled
Inn was this lii ...h il.iiii'er, that In li.re the two parlies I
time III turn, and nssuine a new piwliire of delt'iiee, seve-
ral of lliem had already liilleii under the bulelieriiii;
hlaiK's nf their eiieiiiiis. Then eniiimenced a dcpiriili
bill short eniilliet, mingled with yelliu^rf,, ihi. I iii;iiiii wei'i
answered from i very pniiil ; and rapidly gliding down
the peiid.inl rn|'i s, were lo be seen the active mid dusky
loniis nf nil II, svei'lling the iiiimlH r of the assailants, win
had g.iiiied the di i k in the siiiiio noiseU'ss iiliiliner, until
resislanei' lieeame ahnnst hnpeleiiH.
"Hal I hear the fiMilstepH nf our lads nl liinl," e.x.
elaiiiiid Mullins exultini;ly to his eoinradcs, as he liiilsh-
ed des|mlehiii|r a third savage with lii.-i sturdy woapnii
"(jiiii'k, nil 11, ipiiek, up with hatehet and eiillass, niid
lake Ihem in tho rear. II' we arc to die, let's die —
game, he wniild |ierlmps have iiddi'd, bill death iiri'i -led
Iho word iipnii his lips; and his eiirp«e mlled ulniii; the
deck, until Its t'lirtber progress was slopped by thr stln'eii-
III biiily of the iinliiippv I'llUer.
Nnlwillistaiidiiig the liill oI'IIm ir brave leadi r, and the
wlioiipiiii,s nf their eiiiiiiies, the lhi^f;iiig spirits of tho
men were t'or a inomeiil excited by llie aiiiioimeemeiil of
the return even of the small force nf t)ie axeinen, and they
iefended themselves with a eoiiram' and detenniiiation
worthy nf a better result ; hut wlieii, by llie lurid light nf
till' liirelies, now lying liuniiiigaliout li.e dieks,tliey tinn-
ed and 111 held not their eniii|iaiii(,iis, but a I'lesli band ol'
Indians, at whose poueh-hells dangled the reeking scalps
ol their miirdered friends, lliey at iinee relliiijiiishid Iho
eomli:il as hopeless, and gave llioinselves uiuesistingly up
to be iHaind by their captors.
IMeaiiwhile the euusiua exiHrienced a renewal of all
those horrors from which their distracted minds had been
leinporarily relieved; and, petriiied with alarm, as they
lay in the solitary berth tli.it enntaiiied Ihem lielli, en-
dured siill'erings iiiliiiitely more terrible than death itself.
The early part of the tumult they had noticed almost with-
out comprehending its cause, and but for the terrific cry of
the Indians that had preceded tliiiii, would hnvo mistaken
the dealening hfoadsides liir the lilowing up of the ves-
sel, so trcmciiilous and violent had been the concussion.
Nay, there was a moment when Miss de llnldiinar felt u
pang of deep disappoiiitnient and regret at the ini.seoii-
ccptioii ; Ibr, with tlie fearful reeolleetion of past events,
so strongly impressed on her Ideeding heart, she could
not but acknowledge, that to be ciigulled in one general
and disastrous explosion, wns mercy compared with tho
alternalivo of falling into the hands of those to whom
her loathing s|)irit had been too liiluUy taught to deny
even the comiiioiiest attributes of humanity. As lor
Clara, she had not the power to think, or to form a eoii-
jeeliircoii the siibjeel : — she was merely sensible ofa ro-
pelilion of the horrible scenes friim which she had su
rei'i'iilly liieu siialelii'il, .'Hid willi a pale cheek, a fixed
eye, and an almost piilseli ns heart, lay wilhoul mnliuii in
the inner side of the U'rth. The pilemis spectaelc of her
cousin's nlarm lent a tiirced ai'tivity to the des|iair of
.Mi.ss de llaldimar, in wliniii apprelieiisii.il prodneed that
siroiig eiier/ry of exeileiiienl that soinetinies fives lo
lielplessness the elniriietir nf true cniirage. With tho
increasing clamour nf nppulliiig conllict on deck. Ibis ex-
eilenieiit grew at every iiiuineiil siroiigor, uiilil il lliially
hecaiiic irrepressible, so that at leiiirlli, when thrniigh tho
cabin windows there suddenly streamed u Hood of yellow
light, extinguishing that of the lamp that threw its llick-
erinir iKanis aroinnl the cabin, she .lung herself impe-
tuously from the herlh, and, despite of the aged and treiii-
liliiig liinude who atlemplcd lo ik tain her, burst o|H'n the
narrow entraneo lo the cnbiii, and rushed uji the steps
coiiimmiicating with the deck.
'Hie picture that here iin I Inr eyes was nt once gra-
phic am! li'iirl'ul in the exlriiiie. On eillier side of the
river, lines nf streainiilg Inrehes were waved by dusky
warrinrs high alinve their heads, iilhitiiig tiic grim
eiiuuleiiaiiees, not only nf I'.nise vvlin bore tliiiii, lint nf
dense groups ill their rear, wlinsc numbers were nlniio
concealed by the fnliage of the forest in which they sinod.
I''riiiii the lininehes that wove tin iiiselves across the ecu-
Ire nf the river, and the Inpniast and riguilig nf the ves-
sel, the same siroiig yellow light, produced by the bark
of the birch tree sluped in giiiii, streamed dnwn iipnii
llie (leeks below, rendering each line and lilnek of Iho
sehonin r as dislinetly vi^illll• as if il hail been iiiiiiii on
the siimiiest nf llinve far lli^lalll li.kes. The deck ilsell
was envered with the bodies of sl.iiu mi ii — sailors and
savages liiixi d legetlier; mid amid these vvi re to be seen
lieree warrinrs, reeliniiig li iiimpbiiiitly and indolently mi
their rillei-, while nlln rs wi re neeiipiid in securing Hie
anus nf their captives with liiilhern linings In hind their
hacks. The silence that iinw prevailed was strongly ill
eonlrasl with, and even iimre liarl'iil than, the horrid
shniils by vvliieh it hud been pnceiled ; and, but liir tho
ghastly enunlenanees of the captive', nnd the ipiiek roll-
iiif eyes of llic siivaijcs. Miss do llalilinnir might hnvo
liiiiii'inid her.self tlic sport nf sniiic evlnnirdiiiaiy and ex-
citiiiij illusion. Her gl.inee over tliise prniiiinenl features
in the Iragedy had been ciirMiry, yi I aeeiirale. ll now
rested on one llnil hnd more iiiiinediiilo and terrifying
inteiest I'lir liersfl''. At a Ii vv paces In front nf the coin.
panioii ladili r, nnd with tlieir hai ks turned Inwards her,
sliiod two iiidividiiiil", wlin.^e iitliliiili s di iinli d the piir-
jHise of men resnlved In sell with their lives alone a pas-
sage to 11 tall lieree. looking i.-ivage, w'inse innnleimncn
betrayed every iiiiirk of triuniphiiiil ami dcndlv p'ssimi,
while he nppareiilly liesil.iled win tin r his iipiilV'd nriii
slioidd slay the vviapiiii il -.v n Ideil. 'I'Iiim' individual.'*
vveie I'.ipl.iin de llahliinar .iiid Sir i'lverard Valh tori ;
and lo the liirmi r of tin ..| the nlteiitinn of llie sHVnge
wan more iiiiiiiedinlely nnd iMillingly dirci lid ; so iiiiii h
sn, indeed, thai Miss de lliildliiiar tliiiii|jlit olie eiHilil renil
'•■'''Mr
•^^if, ' ' y.
.'■ ,.,i. •ki.''5i.'ipi
■5,- . : .' \'1|S.J
V ,>'■ ,«!■
.HV' II'. ->,'»
,..'. ■ ..^*" ' 'f .
1*1.
■;'s
■.. .'t
"•.,''':«5
' efifl
..i/'V
, .ooVi
254
WACOUSTA, on THE PROPHECY.
in the fiTocious cxprcskion of his t'ealurcs the death-war-
rant of her cousin. In the wild terror of the moment
fihc gave a i)iercin{r scream that was answered by a liun-
dred yelUng voices, and rushing between her lover and
his enemy threw herself wildly and supplicatingly at the
feet of the latter. Uttering a savage laugh, the monster
spurned her from him with his foot, when, quick as
thought, a pistol was discharged witliin a few inches of
his face ; but with a rapidity equal to that of his atsaii-
ant, he bent aside his head, and the ball passed liarmlessly
on. The yell that followed was terrific ; and while it
was yet swelling into fulness, Captain de Haldimar felt
an iron hand furiously grappling his throat, and, ere the
grasp was relincpiisheil, he again stood tlio bound and
passive victim of the warrior of tho Flcur do lis.
CHAPTER XXV.
The interval that succeeded to the last council scene
of the Indians was passed by tlie officers of Detroit in a
state of inexpressible anxiety and doubt. Tlie fears en-
tertained for the fate of tlieir companions, wlio had set
out in tlie perilous and almost forlorn lioiie of reaching
Michilliniaekinae, in time to prevent the consuiiiination
of the threatened treacli(^ry, had, in some degree, if not
wholly, been allayed by tlie story narrated by the Ottawa
chief. It was evident, from his statement, the party had
again met, and been engaged in fearful struggle with the
gigantic warrior they had all so nuieli reason to recollect;
and it was c<iu:illy apparent, that in that struggle they
had been successful. Uut still, so many obstacles were
likely to be opposed to their navigation of the several
lakes and rivers over which lay tlieir course, it was al-
most feared, even if they eventually esea|K'd unharmed
themselves, they could not possibly reach the fort in time
to comnuinicale the danger that awaited their friends.
It is true, the time gained by Governor de Haldimar on
the first ocea.sion lind allbrdcd a considerable interval, of
which advantage might be taken; but it was also, on the
other hand, uiieertaiii whether I'onteac had commanded
the same delay in the council of the chiefs investing Mi-
cliillimackinac.to which he had himself assented. Three
days were suiricient to enable an Indian warrior to per-
form the journey by land; and it was chiefly on this
vague and uncertain ground they based whatever little
of lio|K! was entertained on tlie subject.
It had been settled at the departure of the adventurers,
that the instant they eflected a communication with the
Bclmoiier on Lake Huron, Francois should be imiiiedi-
alely sent back, with instructions so to contrive the period
of his return, that his eanoe should make its appearnnee
Homi arter daybreak at the nearest extremity of Hog
Island, the jios'ition of which has been deserilicd in 'mr
introductory chapter. From this point a certain sii' il,
that could be eiu<ily distinguished with the aid of a Irli'.
seope, was to be iiiade from the eanoi', which, without
iKiiig of a nature to attract the attention of the savages,
was yet to be such as could not well be mistaken by the
garrison. This was a precaution adopted, not only with
the view of giving the earliest inlimation of the result of
the enterprise, but h^sl the Canadian should lii^ preventid,
by any closer investment on the part of the Indians, from
eomiiiunicatiiig )H'r80iially with the fort in the way he
had been oeeuslomed.
Il will easily be eoinprelien<led therefore, that as the
piriod approached wlirii they might reasonably look for
the return of Francois, if lie should return at all, the
nervous anxiety of the olheers became more and more
devi'loiH'd. I'pwards of a week hiid elapsed sinee the
departfire of tlieir friends; and already, for the last day
or two, their iiiipali(^nee had led them, at early dawn,
and with bi'aling hearts, to that quarter of the rampart
wliii'li overlooked the eastern extremity of Hog Island.
Hitherto, however, their eager watilniig had been in
vain. As far as our reeolleetion of the ('anadian tradi-
tion of this btory serves us, it must have been fin the
fourth night alVer the tiiial diseomdtiire of the plans of
Ponteae, anil the tenth from tliu departure of the adven-
tiiriTK, that the olVicers were assembled in the mess-room,
partaking of the sraiity and (Vugnl supper to whiili their
liaig eonliiieinent had rediiei'd them. Thesniijei I of their
eimversation, n« it was ever of their thoughts, was the
prnliable fate of their eoinpanitms; and many ami variotm,
allliiiugli all ei|ually melnneholy, were the eonjretures
ort'ered as to the rrsiill. 'I'lieii' was on the coiintenaiiee
of ivieh, thnt deep and fixi'd expressiim ot gloom, which,
if it did not iiidiiali' any nnmaullness of despair, told at
least Ihnt ho|M' was m/irly exlinet ; bill more eHiHcially
was this remarkable in the young but sadly alternl
Charles <le IkliU'iiar, who, with u vucuiit eye and a pre-
occupied inaiiner, seemed wholly abstracted from the
scene before him.
All was silence in the body of the fort. The men off
duty had long since retired to rest in their clothes, and
only the " All's well I" of the sentinels was heard at in-
tervals of a quarter of an hour, as the cry echoed from
mouth to mouth in the line of circuit. Suddenly, Jiow-
cver, between two of those intervals, and during a pause
in the languid conversation of the ofliccrs, the sharp clial-
lengc of a sentinel wlis heard, and then quick steps on
the rampart, as of men hastening to the point whence the
challenge liad Iiecn given. The officers, whom this new
excitement seemed to arouse into fresh activity, hurriedly
quitted the room ; and, with as little noise as possible,
gained the spot where the voice had been heard. Several
men were bending eagerly over the rampart, and, with
their muskets at the recover, riveting their gaze on a
dark and motionless object that lay on the verge of the
ditch immediately beneath them.
"What have you here, Mitchell?" asked Captain
Blessington, who was in command of the guard, and
who had recognised the gruff voice of tho veteran in the
challenge just given.
" An American burnt log, your honour," muttered tho
soldier, " if one was to judge from its stillness; but if it
is, it must have rolled there witliin the last minute ; fiir
I'll take my atlidavy it wasn't here when 1 passed last in
my beat."
" An American burnt log, indeed ! it's some rascal of
a spy, rather," n^marked Captain Krskine. Who knows
but it may bo our big friend, como to pay us a visit
again ? And yet he is not half long enough for him,
cither. Can't you try and tickle him with the biiyonct,
any of you fellows, and see whether he is made of flesh
and blood ?"
Although this observation was made almost without
object, it being totally impossible for any musket, even
with the addition of its Iwyonet, to reach more than half
way across the ditch, the several sentinels threw them-
selves on their chests, and, stretching over the raiiipait
as I'ar as possible, made the attempt to reach the sus-
picious looking object that lay beyond. No sooner,
however, had tlieir arms been extended in such a man-
ner as Lo be utterly powerless, when the dark mass was
seen to roll away in an opposite direction, and with such
niiiidity that, betbre the men could regain their feet and
level their muskets, it had entirely disappeared from their
view.
"Cleverly managed, to give the red skin his due,"
li.Tjf laughingly observed Captain Erskine, while his
brother oHieers eoiitiiiued to fix their eyes in astonish-
ment on the spot so recently occu|iied by the strange ob-
ject; " but what III' devil conhl be his motive for lying
there so long? Ni r playing the eavrsdroppir, surely ;
and yet, if he meant to have picked oil' a seiitiiiil, \\iiat
was lo havc^ prcMiitcd him from doing it sooner?"
"He had ( videiitly no arms," said Ensign Dehne.
" No, nor legs either, it would appear," resumed the
literal lOrsUine. " Curse me if i ever saw any tiling in
the shape of a human form bundled together in that
manner."
" 1 mean lie had no fire-arms — no rifle," pursued
nelme.
" And if he had, he ecrtaiiily would have rifled one of
us of a life," eontiiiued the captain, laughing at his own
eonei'il. "Hut coini', the bird is flown, and we liavi' inily
to lliaiik oiu :<elves for having been so egregiously dope il.
Hail Valhtort been here, he would have given a dillerent
account of hiin."
" Hist! listen!" exclaimed Lieutenant .lolinslonr, call-
ing the atleiilion of the party lo a peculiar and low sound
in III!' direction in which the supposed Indian had dc-
piirteil.
It was repeated, and in a plaintive lone, indicating a
desire lo prnpiliate. Soon allerwards a human form was
seen ailvaneing slowly, but without show either of eon-
eeahiient or boslility in its movenieiil*. It finally re-
mained stationnry on the s|kiI where tlic durk and shape-
less mass had lieeii first |KTeeived.
" Allot her Oneannsta for De Hnldiinnr, no doubl,"
observed Captain Erskine, afler n moinent's pniise.
" Tlu'se gnnadiers carry every lhiiii[ beliire them as
well in love as in war." Tlii^ error ol the good-nalnricl
ofViecr was, hewevi'r, iibvioiiN to all bill bhnself. The
figure, which was now diylinclly traced in oulliiie fiir
tint of a warrior, stood bnlilly nmi liarlimsly on the brink
of the iljlili, holding up its h'l) arm, in Hie hand of which
dangled somelliing that was visible in the starliglit, and
|Hiintiiig encrgi lleally to lliis pcMidalit objict with tile
other. .\ voice from one ol'llie party now addrissiil tlie
Indiuii in Iwu several diulccts,but witliout eliciting a re-
ply. He either understood not, or would not onswcr lln,
(luestion proposed, but continued pointing signifitanily
to the indistinct object which he still held in an ekvatcd
position.
" The governor must be apprised of this," obscrvid
Captain Blessington to Dc Haldimar, who was his suh.
altern of the guard. " Hasten, Charles, to acquaint your
father, and receive his orders."
The young officer willingly obeyed tlio injunction of
his superior. A secret and indefinable liopc rasliod
throngli his mind, tliat as the Indian came not in hosli.
lity,hc might be the bearer of some communication from
their friends ; and he moved rapidly towards that part of
the building occupied by his father.
The light of a lamp suspended over the piazza lending
to the governor's rooms reflecting strongly on his rfjrl.
mentals, he passed unchallenged by the sentinels poslcj
there, and uninterruptedly gained a door that opened on
a narrow passage, at the further extremity of wliitli wm
the silting-rooni usually occupied by his parent. Tliis
again was entered from the same passage by a FicDnil
door, the upper part of which was of common glass, in.
abling any one on the outside to trace with facility every
object within when the place was lighted up.
A glance was sufficient to satisfy the youth his tiillirr
was not in the room; although there was strong eviilcnw
he had not retired for the night. In the middle of tin
floor stood an oaken table, and on this lay an open wril.
ing desk, with a ciuidic on each side, the wicks of wliitli
had burnt so long .as to throw a partial gloom ov( r tlic
surrounding wainscotling. Scattered about the table iiml
desk were a number of letters thnt had apparently liiin
just looked at or read; and in the midst of ll.esc iin o|iin
case of red morocco, containing a miniature. Tlio ap.
IK-arnnee of these letters, thus lefV scattered about lij m
who was scrupulously exact in the arrangement of liis
pajXTs, aciili d to the eircumstanee of the neglected ami
burning candles, confirmed the young othcer in an
impression that his fiitlier, ovcri-ome by fatigue, had ri'-
tired into Ins bed-room, and fallen unconsciously a8l(c|i,
Imagining, therefore, lie could not, without diilicully,
succeed in making himself heard, and deeniing tlii' iir.
gency of the case required it, he determined to wavcllif
usual eereniony of knocking, and penetrate to his liilli'r's
bed-rooni unannomiecd. 'Ilie glass door being williiul
fastening within, easily yielded to his pressure of tlic
latch; but as he passed by the table, a strong and natural
feeling of curiosity induced him to east his eye upuallic
miniature. To his infinite surprise, nay, almost tirror,
he discovered it was that of his mother — thi^ idinliul
portrait which his sister ('lara had worn in her liiwini
froiii infliney, and which he had B«en clasped roiiiiil lirr
neck on the very deck of the sehnoner in wlilcli
sailed for iMichilliiiiaekinae. He felt Iherc could l« no I
mislake, for only one miiiiaturc of the sort hail ever Inn
in possession of till' family, and that the one just iiiTiaiiitril |
liir. AhiiosI slupific d at what he saw, and searnly rrc-
diliiig the evidence ol'liis senses, the young officer ^.'lauml
his eye hurriedly along one of the open letlets thnt lav
around. It was in the well riinembered haiul-wrillujif |
his mother, and coniiiieiu'ed, " Dear, dearest lifi'iiiM"
Afler this followed expressions of endearment iin wniniin I
might address except lo an aflianeed lover, or the liii^liiiwl
of her choice; and his heart sii^kened while lie risi:
Scarcely, however, had he scanned half a dozen hmA
when il occurred lo him he was violating sonic seen I "I
his parents; and, discontinuing the perusal with an itfirl,
he prepared to acquit himself of his mission.
On raising his eyes from the paper he was sliirllcdh I
the ap|M'araiiee of liis fiither, who, with a stern liinn aiill
a quivering lip, stood a ihw paces from the lalili,ii|i|*r
rcntly too much overcome by his indignation lo he iiWtl
to uller a sentence. Charles de Haldimar felt oil llioj
awkwardness of his position. Some explanation i>l Iik|
condiicl, however, was necessary ; mid he sliiniiniriil
Ibrtli the tint of the |iortrait having riveted his nlliiili».|
iVoni its striking resembluuce lo that in bin sislct'n li^i-l
session.
"And In what iln thr»B letters bear reseinMnnrc'"!
dnuiaiidcd lh» Kovninor, in a voire that tieinlilcd inilil
attempt lo Im calm, while ho fixed his |M>netrutin|l n'l
on that of his son. " VTiry, it uppcuri, wore cquill||
olijoctH of ntlraction with you."
"The tellers were in the linnd-wrlling of my .ii'illi";!
and I Has irresislibly led to glance at oiiu ortliiMn,''rir
plied llio youth, with llic liumility of eonscieii" »""
"Tho action was involuntarv. and iinsiHUirf i raiimlU'^l
laii rcpeiiii (I of, I am licie, my Ihllioi, on a nii'wil
of Importauee, wliieli must aeioiint liir my prcsiiiu "
"A ini»siun of impoilaiieo!'' mpenlod Iho cmornwl
Tlic young of
answered : — " I
10 lake your ore
widiout the fort
Hinnces, j-et ovi
11 il supposed J
llier."
Tlio tone of ca
fiiraial announce
nish all suspicioi;
lie remarked, in i
llial had latterly
" Was this, tlion,
rii|il intrusion at
iiii>nl of private i
cliarjo ol'your di;
cd? You must 1
ill a manner difle
niis.<ion would sec
Tlicre was lurk
encd accents of hi
llio youth of tho b
observation, — " Tl
ceptcd, should he
willi impunity."
For a moment
jard Ills son with ;
liad not ex(iectod
ill one whom ho Im
value,
"I bolievo you,
"foririvo the justifii
.subject. Yet, one
Il depart ; " you ha
I'l ili'it which had
llic olliecr) : vvhat
iiiiillier? Answer
faint sniiln wore son
" is mil Rrginuld, y,
Tlie iKillid cheek
l(]iii'sticMi. His own
jlis niollier had elieri
lliir liii.<baiid. He lb
liif, but Im eoiild no
lilsi'lf oil Ills mind ; i
Iir iboH'; and thougl
Ilio was uiialiln to eo
jfcraiice might be, li
|llii)U(f/it of imparling
Isirercd evasively.
'■ Doubl htss my mo
liiaiiH', and to him wa
Ibroilicir, or an uncle.
Kitli u luult of ap|ical
Villi of niy inolher ej
parlofClara's."
"It limy lie tho sai
|in a lono of iiideci.siui
altered.
"Iin|io«jib, my fut,
rfnillecl, as liir as La
flioil'ickufllio schoo
miarkeil my .(ister wor
found lier neck."'
^Vell, no innllnr a
rmed the governor ; '
riiarleii,"nnd he spol
pom linbitnnl to him, "
V»iir niotuer l.y a doubl
rvcii II11.1 lullor lo you,
foiilinls lo a human cr
»i;«bogave you birth
paitlieliKliuii; I wi
Hlrim(T|y, ypt confuse
"il.VorHiuscoimnltogi
['"■'''"■r'uslningondiiii
"""iMi, and hasleni.d
'irluiiK Iho rampart he
Honit absence, had del
TO.inlliPoutiToJgo (
^liicli bo had prcvioiisl
W ininnent of |)„ )/«
rn li-'uding „v„r ,),„ r„
^«v"«Mn« t„ ,„„|,„ ,
■Tf""ii|f was j.i,i porct
WACOirsTA, OR THE PnoniECY.
255
ot answer tlic
siRiiificantly
n on clfvatcd
iJH," obsirvnl
wns his suli.
aciiuainl yout
injunclicn of
hope rusiirii
i not in linili.
iinication frcjin
rds that part of
piazza leading
ly on his np.
futinels poslij
tliat opened on
y of wllieli was
I parent. 'I'liis
gc liy a feeiitid
nnion (jluss, in.
til futility every
1 up. I
youth his fallirr !
I slronir evidenti'
ic niidJlu of tilt
ly an oi)en wri!-
: wicks of wtiitli
gloom over llie
out the talile mid
apparently Inin
of tlie>-c an n|H'n
lialnrc. Tlie a?-
Dred alioHt liy m
rangomcnt of liij
he neiile'-.led and
njt otheer in an
ly fatigue, had tv-
■.onscioiif^ly n"'"'!''
A'ithout (litVieulty,
1 deeming the nr.
mined to wave iht
Irate to lu« fatli' I's
loor biing witlioul
IH pressure of llif
strong anil natural
it his eye up'.n tlic
nay, almost terror,
lier — thi^ idenliiil
orn in her l«*oni
clasped r"unil l"i
lUer in whieli si"'
lliero eonlii I" i'«
sort had ever l« 111
one just iieecninliJ
, and seareely m-
ing ollieer ;;laiinJ
,cii letters tli.it hv
rd hand-wrilio: 'J
learesl Kfi'iU'iU"
arinent no vvoiiia
,ver, or the linfl™»
ed while l"' "='"
If a do7.en lim'.
linp some secTrlrf
InisalwilhaiulVotl,
lission.
he was stiirtKcil'V
h astern lirowani!
m the laWMil'l*
gnation to lie id*
Idimar fell o",'"
explanation ol lis
,„1 he sliiinii""!'
vrted his nllniiw.
lilt \ii» nistii'* I"*
Lr rri>pndd«nrf'"
Ihat IVPMililea in lU
Is |H.ncirulHi|r <•>'
linKofniy ;ii"'l'"'
llonuofllK'ni'""
If eonM'inii- «roi'r|
l,s>H.neMoiniiii'W
llhei.ona mi"""'
l,r mv prrsiwi
litcd'thc K'Mm\
with 1110"" of sorrow than ofaiigcr in the lone in which
lie now spiilin. " On what mission aro you hero, if it
|,(< not to intrude unwarrantably on a parunl's pri-
vacy ?"
'flic young ofliccr's check flushed high, as ho proudly
answered : — " I was sent by Captain ISlossington, sir,
to lake your orders In regard to an Indian who is now
H'llliaut the fort under somewhat extraordinary circuni-
Blances, yet evidently without intention of hostility.
It \i supposed he boars sonio message from my bro-
Tlio tone of candour and ofTendcd pride in which this
fiirinai announcement of duty was made seemed to lia-
„|sli all suspicion from the mind of the governor; and
lie icniarked, in u voice that had more of tho kindness
lliat had latterly distinguished his address to his son,
" Was this, then, Charles, the only motive fur your ab-
rupt intrusion at this hour '! Are you sure no induce-
in»nl of private curiosity was mi.xcd up with the dis-
dinrgc ui your duty, thai you entered tlius unannounc-
eil? You must admit, at least, I found you employed
ill a manner difteronl from what the urgency of your
niis.sion would seem to justily."
There was lurking irony in this speech ; yet the so(l-
eiicd accents of his lather, in some measure, disa' nod
llie youth of tho bitlornoss ho would have flung into his
observation, — " Thai no man on earth, his parent ex-
cepted, should have dared to insinuute such a doubt
«ith iinpmiity."
For a moment Colonel do Haldimar seemed to re-
oard his son with a surprised but satisfied air, as if he
had not expected the manifestation of so much spirit,
ja me whom he had been accustomed greatly to under-
value.
"I believe you, Charles," he at length observed;
"furgivo the jiistiliable doubt, and think no more of the
subject. Yet, one word," as the youth was preparing
to depart ;" you have read that loiter'' (and lin pointed
Mlhat which had principally arrested tho attention of
the cillircr) : what impression has it given you of your
mother? Answer me sinnoroly. jWi/ name," and his
faint sniiln wore soincthin(f of tho character of triumph,
" is mil Kfffiniild, you know."
The iKillid check of llio yonng man flushed at this
qiii'sticni. His own undisguised impression was, that
I is mother had cherished u guilty love for another tliau
lur hiisbiind. lie l(>lt the almost impiety of such a be-
lli f, but lie eniild nut resist tho. conviction that forced
ilsi'll on liis mind; the letter in her handwriting K|)oke
lor Itself; and though the idou was full of wretchedness,
lio was uniililn lo couqunr it, Whulevcr his own in-
rtrcuce might bi', however, he c<iuld not enduro the
tliou;!ht of imparling it to his tiithcr: lie thoroliiro an-
nverod evasively.
" Doulitless my mother had some dear rclalivo of the
iiime, and to him was this letter addressed; perhaps a
ibrnilic'r, or an uncle. Itiil I never knew," ho pursued,
kith u lunk of apjieal lo his falhcr, " that a second por-
rait of niy mother existed. This is the very cuuntcr-
arloft'lani'M."
"It may bo tho same," remarked tho governor, hut
a tono of indecision, that denied his fuilti in what he
illorcd,
"ImiKisfib. my father. I accompanied Clara, if you
iTolh'cl, as far as Lake Sinclair; and whan 1 ipiitlcd
Jiod'ick of the schooner to rotiirn, I parlieuhirly r«-
liiarUd my sister woru her mother's portrait, as usual,
id her neck.''
Well, no matter about the portrait," hurriedly re-
|niiied the governor ; "yet, whatever your impression,
liarlns," and he spoke with n warmth that 'vas far
iin habitual to him, " dare not to sully tho inrinory of
mirumtiior by a doubt of bar purity. An accident has
ivi'ii thi^ letter lo your inspection, hut breathe not it*
lonlrniK loa human ereuture ; alKiveull, ros|ioct the be-
Ijnhnijavu you birth, (io, tell Captain lilessington to
Itliiinthe Indian; I will join you immediately."
t<triinf;ly, yet confusedly, improssod with tho aingu-
rilyof the seeiio nltogetlmr, and more parliculurly with
Klallier'sstrniigo adniiiiiition, Iho young olllcer <|uiltpd
room, and liaslviird to rejoin his companions. On
^iHiiii|rtlio rampart ho Ibund that the Indian, during
liilniiK aliseiicc, Inid departed; yet not witlnmt dc|H>ait-
ij. 00 the outer edge of the dileh, Iho siilistaiieo to
Inch ho had previously diioetud their iillention. At
mouipiil of Do llaldimar's approach, tho otVietirs
'r« III oiling innr the raiiiparl. and, with straining oycs,
"iilcamuiing In make out what it was, but in vain ;
itiliiiiK vsua jiitt (icrceplibia in tho wilhond lurf, but
what that something was no one could succeed in dis.
covering.
Whatever this be, wo must possess ourselves of it,''
said Captain Itlesfir.gton ; " it is evident, from the en-
ergetic manner of him who left it, it is of importance.
I think I know who is the best swimmer and climber el
our parly."
Several voices unanimously pronouncod the name of
'.lohnslone.''
" Any thing for a dash of enterprise,"' said that ofliccr.
whose slight wound had been perfectly healed, "liul
what do you propose that the swimmer and cliinbur
shnuhl do, Uiessinglon ?"
" Secure yon parcel, without lowering llio draw-
bridge."
"What ! and be scalped in tho net i Who knows if
it be not a trick ader all, and that the rascal who placed
it there is not lying within a low feet, ready to pounce
u|>on me the instant I reach the bank."
" Never mind," said Krskine, laughingly, " we will
revenge your death, my boy."'
" Besides, consider the nunqunm vnn parulvs, John-
stone,"' slily remarked Lieutenant I/cslie.
" What, again, Leslie?" energetically responded the
young Scotsman. " Yet think not I hesitate, lor I did
but jest : make fast a rope round my loins, and I tliink
1 will answer lor the result."
("olonel dc Haldimar now made his ap|icnrance. Hav-
ing , heard a brief statement of tho facts, and approving
of the suggestion oft'uptain lilessington, a ropo was pro
cured, niui made fast under. the shoulders ot the young
ollieer, who had previously stripped himself of his uni-l
Ibrin and shoes. Ho then sntfercd himself to drop
gently over tho edge of tho rampart, his companions
gradually lowering the rope, until a deep and gasping
aspiration, such as is usually wrung from one eoiiiing
suddenly in contact with cold water, announced ho had
gained the surface of the ditch. Tho ro|iO was then
sliiekened, lo give him the unrestrained command of his
limbs; and ill the next instant he was seen clambering
up the opposite elevation.
Although the otticors, indulging in a forced levity, in
a great degree meant to eiieourage their companion,
had treated his enterprise with 'inditl'erence, they weie
far from being without serious anxiety lor the result.
They had laughed at the idea, suggested by him, of
being scaljH'd; whereas, in truth, they entertained the
apprehen>ioii tiir lucre powerfully Ihnii he did hiin.self,
'""he artifices resorted to by the savages, to secure' an iso-
lated victim, were so many and so various, that suspicion
inhl not hut atlaeli to the myslerioiis oceiirrenee they
had just witnessed. Willing even ns they were to be-
lieve their present visiter, whoever he was, eiiiiiciiiil in a
pirit of enmity, they could mil altogether div(sl lliein-
selves of a li'iir that it was only a subtle nrlilii i lo decoy
one of tlH-m within the re-acli of their traitorous weopmis.
Tliey,lhereliire, watched the moveiiu'iilsof their eonipa-
iiioii with ipiickeniiig pulses; and it w.is with a lively
satisfaction they saw him, at length, aller a inonuMitary
search, descenil one:; more into the ditch, and, with a sin-
gle |>owerl"ul impulsion of his liinlis, urge himself hack lo
the loot of the rampart. iN'i illierfeetiio ■ hands were ol'niueh
Htrvice, in enabling him to scale the smooth and sl.iiiling
logs that coin|M)sed Ihe exterior surl'aco of the works; but
a slight jerk of the well secun d ro|H', serving as a signal
lo Ills fi lends, he was soon drugged once more to the
summit of Ihe raniparl, witliuut other injury than u cou-
phi of slight bruises.
" Well, what Miecess .'" eagerly asked T.eslie mid C :p-
liiiii Krskini', in the same luentli, as the dripping .loliii.
stone buried himself in the folds of ii capacious cloak
procured during his absence.
" You shall hear," was Ihe reply ; " but flrsi, gentle,
men, allow ine, if you please, lo enjoy, with yourselves
Ihe luxury of dry chillies. I have no parlienlar iiniliition
lo eonlrnet an Ameriiiin ague lit just now ; yel, uiihss
yon take pity on me, and n-serve my examination for a
I'uluro momeiil, there is every prnliabihly I shall mil
have a liKitli lel\ by lo-morrow morning."
No one could deny till' jiislicM' of the remark, for the
teeth of the young man were eliatlering uh he spoki^.
It was not, thereliire, iio'il aller he had changed his
dress, and swallowed a (uiiiphi id'glassi's ofCaptaiii llrs-
kinu's never failing spirit, Ihat they all repaired once more
lo the mess-rmiin, when .lohnstono anticipated nil ipies-
liniis, by Ihe production of Ihe niysleri.ius packet.
Aller removing several wrappers of bark, ea< li of
which was seeureil by a thong of deer-skin, Colonel de
Haldimar, lo vvtimn the sneeessfnl ollieer had hiindeil his
prlie, nl k'ngtli came lo n siiiall oval case of red inori'ieo,
prcci.<ely similar, in siie and llirm, tu that which had so
lately attracted the notice of his son. For a moment ho
hesitated, and liis cheek was observed to turn pale, and
his hand to Ircmlile; hut ipiiekly subduing his indeci-
sion, he hurriedly unliistened Ihe clasp, and disclosed to
the astonished view of the oHice-.s the|iortrait of a young
and lovely woman, habited in the Highland garb.
Kxclaiiiations of various kinds burst l"roni the lips of tho
group of oHieers. Several knew it to he Ihe portrait of
Mrs. de Haldimar ; others recognised it from the strik-
ing likeness it Imre lo Clara and lo t"liarles ; all knew it
had never been absent from the possession of the former
since her mother's death ; and feeling satisfied as they
did that its cxtr.iordinary appearance among them, at
the present inoinent, w.as an announcemeiil of somo
ilreadfnl disaster, their countenanees wore an impress of
dismay little inf"erior to that of the; writehed t'harles,
who, agonised beyond all attempt at description, had
thrown himself into a seal in the rear of Ihe groiij), and
sat like one bewildered, with his head buried in his
hands.
" (ieiitlemen," at length observed Colonel de Haldimar,
in a voice that proved how vainly his natural emotion
was sought to be subdued by his pride, " this, I fear mo,
is an unwelcome token. It comes to announce to a
liithcr the murder of his child ; to us all, tiic destruction
ofmir last reinaining f"riends and comrades."
"Cod forbid 1" solemnly aspirated Captain Hlessington.
After a pause of a nnimeiit or two he jiiirsued : " I know
not why, sir ; but my impression is, the appearance of
this portrait, which we all recognise l"or that woru by
.Missde Haldimar, Is'ars annlher interpretation."
1 Colonel de Haldimar shook his head. " I have but too
iiinch reason to believe," he ob.servcd, smiling in mourn-
ful bitleiness, " it has been conveyed to us not in mercy
hut in revenge."
No one ventured to quPslion why; for notwithstanding
nil were aware that, in the mysterious ravisher of tlie
wile of llalloway, Colonel de llaliliinar had a fierce and
inexorable private enemy, no allusion had ever been
liiadi' by that ollieer himsdf lo llu; subject.
Will you permit me to examine Ihe portrait and en-
velopes, coloiii 17" resumed ('ai>taiii Itlessingtoii : 1 fool
almost conlideiit, although I eonl'ess I have no other mo-
tive for it than what springs from a recolleelion of tho
manner of the Indian, Ihat Ihe result will bear me out
in my belief the bearer came not in hostility but in
friendship."
Ity my lliitli, I ipiite agree with Hlessington," Raid
Captain lOrskini'; " for, in addition lo the manner of tho
It. iliaii, thiTe is another evidence ill favour of his |>osi-
lioii. Was it merely intended in the light in which you
eoiisiiler it, eohmel, the ease or the minialnre itself might
have licen returned, but certainly not Ihe nutal in which
it is set. The savages are fully aware of the value of
gohl, and would not so easily let it slip through their
fingers."
Aleanwhile, Captain Uiessinglon had turned and ex.
amineil the miniature in filly dill'erent ways, but withnnt
siiei cedinir ill discovering any thing that could confirm
him ill his original impression. Vexed and disappointed,
he at length filing it friun him on the table, and sinking
iiilu a seal at Ihe side of the nnlbrtniiale Charles, pressed
the liiiiid of Ihe youth ill sigiiifieapt silence.
Kimling his vviusl I'ears now confirmed. Colonel do
llaldiiiiar, lor Ihe first lime, east a glance towards hia
son, whose drooping head, and sorrowing attitude, spoku
volumes to liis liearl. For a moment his own cheek
blanched, and his eyo was seen lo glisten with the first
tear ever witnessed there by those inmnd him. Snbdniiiff
his einotion, however, he drew up Ins person lo its lordly
lieighl, as if Ihiit act reiniiidtil him the commander was
not to be lost in the fiither, and ipiitling the room with a
heavy brow and step, recomnunded to his nlliiH'rs tho
repose of which they appeared lo stand so iiiiieh in need.
Hut not one was there who fell inelineil lo eoiirl the soli-
tude of his pillow. No sooner were the foolMepB of tho
govirnor heard dying away in the distaiiee, when I'resli
lights W( re ordered, and sevi ral logs of wood hen|H'd on
Ihe slaeUi iiiiig fire. Around Ibis the oHieers now grouped,
iiid throwing themselves Iwck. in their chairs, assumed
the atliludes of men seeking lo indul)(0 rather in prlvktu
ri lleellon than ill |H'rsonal converse.
'J'ho gruf of the wreti liedChnrhs de llnldimnr, hitherto
restrained by the presence of his father, and eiieoiirnged
by the touching evideniia of interest all'orded liiiii iiy Iho
ever eiitisider.ile lilessington, now burst fi<rtli uudibly,
i\o alleiiipl was made hv the latter oflleer lo cheek tho
emotion of his young Iriend. Knowing his piissionato
fonihiess t'or his sister, he was not witlioni liar thiil the
snilden shock proilueed hy the appearniiee of her inmia-
Ime might destroy his reason, even if it utl'cclrd not Ilia
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U^l^u'
HI!;; ;iml as tin' iiiniriciit w.-is now chiik.' wlion toavs miirlil
be shod williiKil. (vvcilin;; inviiliims rciiiiirl- in tli(! iinly in-
cliviilu;il will) was liki ly to iiinUc it, hv. souslit Id liroiiiotc
tlieiu as iimnli as possible. Too much onoiipiud in tJK'ir
owii iiioiii'iU'iil n^lloclioiis to bestow more than a passintr
notice on the weakness ol' tiieir Irienil, the ^ronp rouiiil
the lire-place scarcely seemed to have regarded his emo-
tion.
This violent paroxysm past, l)e Ilaldioiar breathed
more freely ; and, .iller lisl<ninir to several earnest ob-
servations ol' Ca|)tain Ulessinirton, who still held ont tlu.
possibility of something liivouraldo tnnnntr ly), on a re-
examination of the ]iortrait by daylijjht, he was yo far
coinpo.scd as to be able to attend to the summons of the
serjre;uit of the iruard, who came to say the relief were
ready, and waitin;; to b(! inspected belore they weri!
finally marched otf. Claspim; the extended hand of his
captain between his own, with a pressure indiealive of
Ins deep irratitude, l)e Ilaldimar now proeecMled to the
discharjii: of his duty , and liavinij cauirht up the portrait,
which still lay on the table, and thrust it into the breast
of liis imiform, he repaired hurriedly to rejoin his f;"ar<l
from which circumstances alouu had induced liia unusu-
ally long absence.
CHAPTER XXVI.
The remainder ol' that night was passed by tlio un-
happy Ue Ilaldimar in a state of indeseribablo wrelched-
nusa. Atler inspecting the relief, he had thrown himseir
on his rude guard-bed; and, drawing his cloak over bis
eyes, given full rein to the wanderings of his excited
imagination.
iMiserable as he felt his position to be, it was not with-
out salisfaetioii he again heanl I lie voiei! of his sergeant
sunmionijig him to the inspection ol' another relief
This duty performed, and auxions to avoid the paining
jiresene.e of his servant, lie determined, instead of return-
ing to his guard-rouiu, to consume the hour that remain-
ed before day in pacing the ramjiarts. LiMvinj; word
with his subordinate, that, in the event nf his beinij re-
<iuired,he might be found without dillieulty, he ascended
to that ([uarter of the works where the Indian had been
lirst seen who had so mysteriously conveyed the sad
token lie still retained in his breast. It was on thesami'
side with that particular point whence we have alriaidy
Btttled a I'ull view of the bridgi! with its surrounding
scenery, together with tlu! waters of the Detroit, where
they were intersected by Ilog Island, were distinctly
connuanded. At eitlier of those points was stationed a
sentinel, wlio.se duty it was to extend his beat between
the boxes used now rather as hues of demarcation than
as places of t'vnporary shelter, until each gained Ih it ol'
his next comraile, when they again returned to their
own, crossing each othiT about half way : a system of
precaution pursued by tliu whole of the scutinels in the
circuit of the rampart.
The ostensible motive of the oll'icer in aseending the
works, was to visit his several posts; but no sooner had
he fouiiil liinisc If betwein the points ullnded to, which
liapiiencd to b • the lirst in his course, than ho seemed to
be riveted there by a species of fascination.
Uemiiuled, for the lirst time, as h>; was pursuing his
measured but aiiidess walk, by the fatal portrait which
he more than once pressed wilh I'everish energy to his
lips, of the sinirular disi'oveiy he had luiide that night in
the aparlmenls of his I'uther, he was naturally led, by a
chain ol' eonseeulive thou;,'lil, into a review ot the whole
of the extraordinary seoiie. The fiet of the existence
of a second likeness of his mothiT was one that <lid not
now tall to re-awiiken all the umpi ililied surprise he bad
cxperieni!ed ;it llii^ lirst discovery. So fir from liaviii!.'
ever heard his father make tin; Hlii;lilest allnsiou lo this
memorial of his deparhil molber, he periiclly recol-
lected his rejiealedly reroinmending to Clara (he safe
custody of a treasure, wliieli, if lost, eould never be re-
placed. What eould be llie niulive li.r this iiiysli'ry ! —
and .vhy had lie soii;rht lo impress him wilh the beiief it
was the identical |Hu'trail worn by his sisler wliieh had
so uniutentionally been exposdl lo his view / Why, too,
had he eiiiiced so iim<:li anxiety to remove fium his
mind all mifavourabli: impressions in regard lo his
mollier ' Why have Immmi so enerirelic in his eaulion not
lo HuH'er a taint of impurity to allaeli to her memory '
Why slionld he have mpposed the possibility of such
impression, iinless there bail been suiriiient iiiusc for it '
111 wh;i1, moi'i liver, uri'.iiiialed his lriuiii|iliaiit expres-ii-n
of fealiire, when, on llial oeeasioii, he remmdeil liiiii thai
/(M name was not IJeninild / Who, Iheii, viis this lie.
ginalil / Then came tin' reeollielioii of wlial had Ihcii
repeated lo him of the |Mirtiiig sccaic iRtWeeii llulloway
and his wile. In addressing her iil-faled husband, she
had named him Reginald. Cnuld it be possible this was
I he same beiiifr alluded to by bis tathcr .' lint no; his
yotilli forbade the supposition, being but two years oldrtr
llian his brother Frederick; yet ini^flit he not, in some
way or otiier, be connected with the I'eginald of the
Uller? Why, too, had his father shown such unre-
lenting severity in the case of this unlbrtunalc victim ? —
a severity which had induced more than one remark
from his olliccrs, that it looked as if he entertained some
personal I'eeling ofenmily towards a man who had done
so much for his family, and stood so high in the esteem
of all who knew him.
Then came another thought. At the moment of his
exeeiitioii, llalloway had deposited a packet in the hands
of Captain lilessington ; — could these letters — could that
portrait be the same ! t'ertiiin it was, by whatever
means obtained, his father could not have had them long
in his [losscssion ; tor it was improbable letters of so old
a date should have occupied his attention now, when
many years had rolled over the memory of his mother.
And then, again, what was the meaning of the language
used by the implacable enemy of his father, that uncouth
and lerocioiis warrior of the Fleur do lis, not only on the
occasion of the execution of llalloway, but afterwards to
his brother, during his short captivity ; and subsequently,
when, disgiiisi^d as a black, he penetrated, with the band
of l'ontcac,into the fort, and aimed his murderous weapon
at his father's iiead. What had made him the enemy of
his family .' and where and how had originated his
llither's connection with so extraordinary and so savage
a being? Could he, in any way, be implicated with
hi.'i mother? Dut no; there was something revolting,
monstrous, in the thought : besides, had not his father
slood Ibrward the ehampiou of her innocence? — had ho
not (Iceland, witli an energy carrying eonviction witli
every word, that she was untainted by guilt? And would
ho have done this, had he had reason to believe in the
existence of a criminal love for him who evidently was his
mortal tiie ' Impossible.
.Siieli were the i|Ucstions and solutions that crowded
on and distracted the mind of the unhappy De Ilaldimar,
who, after all, could arrive at no satisfactory conclusion.
It was eviilent there was a secret, — yet, whatever its
nature, it was one likely to go down with his father to
the grave ; for, however humiliating the retiection to a
haughty parent, conipellcd to vindicate the honour of a
mother to her son, and in ilircct opjiosition to evidence
that scarcely bore a shadow of misinterpretation, it was
clear he Ir motives for consigning tho circumstance to
oblivion, wmicIi far (mtweighcd any necessity he I'elt of
adducing other proofs of her innocence than tliosc which
rested on his own simple yet iiupressivo assertion.
In the midst of these bewildering doubts, l>e llahliiniir
heard some one approaching in his rear, whose footsteps
he distinguished from the heavy pace of the •ntinels.
lie turned, stopped, and was presently joined by ('aptuin
Kli ssingtoii.
" Why, dearest Charles," almost querulously asked the
kind ollleer, ns he passed his arm through that of his
subaltern, — " why w ill yon persist in tceding this love of
solitude .' What possible resnlt can it produce, but an
utter prostration of every moral and physical energy?
Come, come, summon a little fortitude ; all may not yet
be so hopeless as you apprehend. For my own part, I !eel
eoiivineed the day will dawn upon sonic satisliietory so-
Intioii of the mystery of that packet."
" lllissingloii, my ilear lilessinglon I" — and I)c llaldi.
inirr s|'oke wilh iiiournful energy, — " you have known
me from my boyhood, and, I believi', have ever hived
me ; seek not, therefore, lo draw me from the pri sent
temper of my mind ; deprive me not of an inihilgeiicc
wbieh, mrliineholy as it is, now coiistiliiles the sole salis-
I'lelion I take in (•.■.istencc."
" lly heaven I Charles, I will not listen to such Inn-
Uiiage. Von absolulely put my palieiiee lo llie rack."
" .Nay, then, I will urge no more," pursued the young
ollieer. "To revert, then lore, lo a dilVen'iit milijict.
Answer me one question wilh smeerily. W Jiiit win
the eoiid iits ol'llie packet you received from poor llallo-
way previous to his execution 1 and in whose possession
are they now I"
Pleased to find the ntlention of hi.i young friend di-
viTled l)>r the miiinent from his sister, C'aptain lllesNing-
loii '|iiii'Kly rejoined, lin believed the packet contained
l( III !■< which llallowiiy linil staled to him wen' of a iiii.
line to Ihrow somi' liidit on his family eoiineelioiis. lie
bad, honever, iraUHtirred it, with the seal tmbroki n, as
ilesind by the unhappy man, tot'oloiiel de llaldimiir."
.All cxeliimatiuii of Hiirprinu burst luvuluiitiirily from
the lips of the youth. " Has my father ever m:idc laiv
allusion to that packet since ?" he asked ?"
" Never," returned Captain lilcssington ; " and. Icon.
I'ess, his t'ailiiig to do so has often excited my astoaisli.
iiK'ut. But why doynnask?"
I)e Ilaldimar energetically pressed the arm of lij^
captain, while a heavy sigh burst from his opiiicssid
heart. " This very night, lilcssington, on enterinir nir
Dither's a]iartnicnt to apprise him of wliat w'as goinir nii
here, I saw, — I can scarcely tell you what, but certainly
enough to convince me, from what yon have now slutnl
llalloway was, in some degree or other, cimiiected will!
our family. Tell iiic," he anxiously pursued, " niy
there a portrait enclosed with the letters ?"
" I cannot state with confidence, Charles," rcplieil Lis
friend ; " hut if 1 might judge from the peculiar rorm
and weight of the packet, I should bo inclined to s;,v
not. Have you seen the letters, then ?"
" 1 have seen certain letters which, I have reason (o
believe, arc the same," relumed De Ilaldimar. " I'lifj.
were addressed to ' Reginald ;' and llalloway, I tjiinji
you have told inc, was so called by his unhappy wit'i'."
" There can be little doubt they are the same," said
Captain lilcssington; " but what were their contents, ami
by whom written, that you deem they prove a connec-
tion between the unhappy soldier and your t'amily ?"
Do Ilaldimar felt the blood rise into his check, at lliis
natural but iinexpcetcd demand. " I am sure, Hlcssin".
ton," he replied, after a pause, " you will not think int
capable of uuwortliy mystery towards yourself; but U*
contents of these letters are sacred, inasmuch ns tlitv
relate only to eircumstances connected with my llillur's
family."
They Foon both prepared to quit tho rampart. A»
they passed the sentinel stationed at that point ulnio
the Indian had been first seen, their attention wasdiitci.
cd by him to a lire that now suddenly rose, u|!pareiillj'
at a great distance, and rapidly increased in voluim.
Tho singularity of this occurrence riveted the oHiclr^
for a moment in silent observation; until Captain Ifis.
siiigtou ut length ventured a remark, that, judging I'ruiii
tho direction, and the decoplivo nature of the eloiiinni
at night, he should incline to think it was the liutorHio
Caii.idian burning.
"Which is anolhcr additional proof, were any siicl;
wanting, that every thing is lost," mournfjlly urged llio
over apprehensive Dh Haldimar. " Francois has 'vm
detected in rendering aid to our friends; andlliclii.
dians, in all probability, after having iininolateil tlicir
victim, are sacrificing his pio|)orty to their rajrc"
During this excliange of opinions, the oIKcers liml
again moved to the opposite point of the limited wiilkof
the younger. Scarcely had thoy reached il, and lifUm
Captain lllesslngton could find time to reply lolhc loafs
of his friend, wlieii a loud and distant Iwomiiig liko llul
of a cannon was heard in the direction of the fire. Tlic
alarm was given hastily by the sentinels, and soiiiiilsof
preparation and urmiug were audible in the course ot'a
minute or two every where tlironghoul the fort. Slarlloii
by the report, which thoy had half inclined lo iimijino
pnidiieed by the discharge of one of their own guns, ihc
half slumbering officers had quilted tho chairs in wliidi
Ihcy had passed tho night in the mess-room, and ivirc
soon at the side of their more vatelifiil coin|iaiiioii!,
then anxiously listening lor a rejictiliun of the sound.
Tho day was just beginning to dawn, and os llionl-l
mospherd cleared gradually away, it was perconiil Ilio I
lire rose not from the hut of IbeC^unadiaii, but at a poiiil [
loiisiderably beyond it. I'liusiial as it was tone a In rp
lire of this descriplion, its ap|iear»nco beonnic an oliiidl
of minor lonsidcralion, since it might he attrilinlcii lil
soiim caprice or desire on the part of the Indiaim low-
cite apprehension in their cnemicH. Hut how wns llio|
report which had loaehcd their cars to be aceouiili'il I'w
It evidently eiiidd only have been produced by llicili."
ebiirge of a cannon ; and if so, where could tho Iiiilimij
have proenred it? No such arm had roeeiitly lirranil
llieir possession ; and if it were, they werii liilally iiii-f
aei|iiaiiileil with the manner oj' serving it. I
A" the day bee:iiim more devekiped, the niysliTj' »."l
ri solved. I'.veiy telescope in the foil had'lueii calWl
into n'qnisilion ; and us they were now levelleil in U
direi'lioii of the tire, sweeping the line of liiirizuiKiiuiiiiil.|
exclamationR of surprise escaped the lips of sivi'itl.'
" It is an unusual hour fiir the Indians' wi ilaii","
eliM'rved Capli ill Hlessingtoii. "My ev|i(ii.iin liitl
iiisliis me wilh no one insliiiiee inuliiih II lia< i»<|
been iliineed pn-vious lo llii ir nliring lo resl."
"I'niess," siiiii I.ieuten'inl Floyei , 'tliey sliiuilil b"!
Ill en Ihus eiigjgi d 41II night ; in which case the m:'^
larjiy may be expluinrd."
VOL. I.
"Look, lool
stoat — " see ho
ing aad leapin
tlicir ciiains. 'J
" The schoo
Erskinc. " By
iiow beautifully
gun we heard, i
appearance."
A thrill of '
tlirougli cTory I
point to which a
ful vessel, with I
rapidly past tlie
concealed her hi
largely and prou
fucc of which w
bri'czc.
"Safe, by Jupi
dropping the gla
hands together w
" I'lie Indians
"upwards of fifty
wake. But Danvt
Lilli|iiilian fleet"
" Let tho troop
Lawson," said tht
jutt u (he schooii
their landing, or,
they will never c6
During the whi
heart of Charles di
liopcj and ibarg n
was as one bewildi
law. Could Clara
—could his friend
ask himself these >
heart, in which li
hastened to execute
nicdiato reference 1
Meanwhile tho »
occaeioimlly hid fr
the ramparts by so
houses, but her ta
white cunvass, and
At length sho came
no other interruptio
the prcsoiiee of aim
who, urged by curi
crowding the tnterv
suddenly put abcnt
concealed by tho I'ol
covered proudly floo
Immediately over
elevated platform, af
fiirnicd a part, by so
side; and on this pl
pounder, that comm
lag from the drawbi
tad all repaired, wli
pusing the town ; ni
Inc wind'i eye, aho
movement 011 her da<
Wcicopo.
"Where can Dot
Xke C'aptain Erskii
, fellior on deck, ai
hor." •
"Lying concenlcd
«iioos a warm roco
lone; "but where ci
Uiey would ahow thci
Tlierc was truth i
courngi'd and diaaupe
"'riicto come tfio
"UcklVBUT, " Uy |„
'■I'll llie shadows oft
*!aro(ily Iia<l ho roi
wrroundod by a multi
"nl the ttir, while the
"Iw in the raya of
I have reason to
Idimar. " Tlicy
lUoway, I lliinli
uiihnppy wife."
tlic Biime," said
heir contents, anil
f prove n connec-
four family?"
his check, at lliij
.ni Hure, lilessin;-
vill not think iiit
yoursclt'; but Uk
naBinuch as llioy
1 witli iny talliir's
W«^
,<iM4^'ijk'im 9i/i ^^JSi^^'im'^ <& '^•i^'iAi'^'^'im^^'iA'iA'SOfi'^^ •imiAi&ui^sSt
.iU 4£«
VOL. I.
rHILADELPHIA, .MAY 7, 1833.
NO. 17.
Printkd and Published d< ADAM WAI.DIIJ, No. 0, Nokth Rioiitii Struct, rniLADKUPiiii— At $j IVir M nuiiiliirK, iniyalilii in nilvance.
IMIKOMA N. vVocn> &, CO. Dni>K!<Ki.i,KK<^, ll.xi/nMoHK, arc At^iMiia lor the Hiatus of Marylanil, Viieiniu, and Ohio, niiil tliec.lyol" New Orienns.
■,i/.r^: \
"Look, look," eagerly remarked Lieutenant John-
j(„„L » see how they are flying to their canoes, bound-
iniF and leaping like so many devils broke loose iVom
tlieir chains. The fire is nearly deserted already."
" The schooner — the Bcliooncr !" shouted Captain
EmkiiK. " By heaven, our own gallant schooner ! sec
how beautifully she drives past the island. It was her
■run we heard, intended as a sigual to prepare us for her
appearance."
A thrill of wild and indescribable emotion passed
llirough every heart Every eye was turned upon tlic
poiat to which attention was now directed. Tlic grace-
ful vc!8cl, with every stitch of canvass set, was shooting
rapidly past the low bushes skirting the sands that sti.'l
concealed her hull ; and in a moment or two slic loomed
liigcly and proudly on the bosom of tlie Detroit, the sur-
face of wliich was slightly curled with a nortliwcstern
brecje.
"Sale, by Jupiter!" exclaimed the delighted Erskinc,
dropping the gloss a|)on the rampart, and rubbing his
hands together with every manifestation of joy.
" 1'hc Indians are in chase," said Lieutenant Boycc ;
» upwards of fifty canoes are following in the schooner's
tvike. But Danvers will soon give us on account of their
Lilliputian fleet"
" Let the troops bo held in readiness for a sortie, Mr.
Lawson," said the governor, who liad joined his otlicers
just as the schooner cleared the island; " we must cover
(heir landing, or, with tliis host of savages in puruuit,
they will never effect it nlivc."
During the whole of this brief but exciting scene, the
heart of Charles de Haldimar beat audibly. A thousand
hoped and fears rushed confusedly on his mind, and he
was OB one bewildered by, and scarcely crediting, what he
eaw. Could Clara,— could his cousin— could his brother
—could his friend be on board ? He scarcely dare ' to
ask himself these questions; still it was witli a fluttering
heart, in which hope, however, predominated, that he
hastened to execute an order of his captain, that bore iin-
iiicdiate reference to his duty as subaltern of the guard.
CHAPTER XXVn,
Meanwhile the schooner dashed rapidly along, her hull
occasionally hid from the view of those assuinbleil on
tlic ramparts by some intervening orchard or cluster of
housed, but her tall spars glittering in tlieir cover of
white canvass, and marking the direction of her course.
At length she came to a point in tlio river that ofiered
no other interruption to the c^e than what arose from
the presence of almost all the mhabitatits of the village,
who, urged by curiosity and surprise, were to bo seen
crowding the intervening bank. Here the schooner was
iuddcnly put about, and the English colours, hitherto
conccakd by the folds uf the canvass, were at lengtli dis-
covered proudly floating in the breeze.
Immediately over the gateway of the fort there was an
elevated platform, approached by the rampart of which it
funned a part, by some half dozen rude steps on cither
■idc ; and on this platform was placed a long eighteen
jraander, thnt commanded tlie whole extent of road lead-
iiij; Irom the drawbridge to the river. Hither tlio officers
bid all repaired, while the schooner was in the act of
pusinj; the town ; and now tliat, suddenly brought up in
Ibc wind's eye, slio rode leisurely in the oiling, every
I uovement on her docks was plainly diacornihlo witli tlic
teleicopo.
'Where can Danvers have liid all his crow?" first
I ipoko Captain Erakinu ; " I count bu*. half n dozen liiiuds
iltogetlior on deck, and those are barely sufliciont to work
I her."
" Lying concealed, and ready, no doubt, to give the
I unoes a warm reception," observed Lluiitenant John
ttNie; " but whore can our iVicnds be 7 Surely, if tiicre,
I tiicy would show themselves to us."
there was truth in tliis remark; and each felt dis.
I coiiraf^'d and disaupointed that they did not ap|ionr.
"There ennic tlio whooping hell fiends," said Major
"UckjvBter. " By heaven ! tlie very water is darkened
I Willi the Hhadows of tlieir canoes."
i^arcoly hud he spoken, when the vessel was suddenly
I inrrounded by a multitude of savages, whose fierce shouts
I tinl the uir, whilo their dripping paddles, gleaming like
[liln^r in the rays of the rising sun, wore alternately
MKW8KBIU — 17
waved aloft in triumph, and then plunged into the trou-
bled cleineiit, which tliey spurned in fury from their
blades.
" What can Danvers bo about ? Why does he not
citlier open hi.^ fire, or crowd sail and away from them?"
exclaimed several voices.
" Tlie detachment is in readiness, sir," said Mr. Law-
son, a<;cciiding tlie platform, and addressing Major Black-
water.
" The deck, the deck !" shouted Erskinc.
Already the eyes of several were bent in the direction
uUudcd to by the last speaker, whilo those whoso atten-
tion had been diverted by tlie approaching canoes glanced
rapidly to the same point To the surprise and conster-
nation of all, the tali and well-reinembcred form of tlic
warrior of the Fleur de lis was seen towering far above
tlie bihvarks of the schooner; and with an expression in
the attitude he had assumed, which no one could mistake
for other than that of triumphant defiance. Presently he
drew from the bosom of his hunting coat a dark parcel,
and springing into tlie rigging of the mainmast, ascended
with incredible activity to the point where the English
ensign was faintly floating in the breeze. This he tore
furiously away, and rending it into many pieces, cast the
fragmenlj into the silver element beneath him, on whose
bosom they were seen to float among the canoes of the
savages, many of whom possessed themselves, with ea-
gerness, of the gnudy coloured trophies. The dark par-
eel was now unfolded by the active warrior, who, after
having waved it several times round lii'^ heid, commenced
attaching it to tlie lines whence the English ensign had
so roceiuly been torn. It was a largo bla-k flag, the pur-
port of which was too readily comprehended by the ex-
cited ofticcrs.
Hang the rulfian ! can we not manage; to make that
flag serve as his own winding sheet?" exclaimed Captain
Erskiiie, " Come, Wentworth, give us a second edition
of the sortie firing ; I know no man who understands
pointing a gun better than yourself, and this eighteen
pounder might do some mischief."
The idea was instantly caught at by the oflicer of ar-
tillery, who read his consent in the eye of Colonel de
Haldimar. His companions made way on either side;
and several gunners, who were already at their stations,
having advanced to work the piece, at the command of
their captain, it was speedily brought to bear upon the
schooner.
" This will do, I tliink," said Wcntwortli, as, glancing
his experienced eye carefully along the gun, he found it
pointed immediately on the gigantic frame of the war-
rior. " If this chain-sliot miss him, it will be tliroiigli
no fault of mine."
Every eye was now riveted on the main mast of the
schooner, where the warrior was still engaged in attach-
ing the portentous flag. The gunner, who held the
mutch, obeyed the silent signal ot his captain ; and the
massive iron was heard rushing past tlio oHlccrs, bound
on its murderous mission. A moment or two of intense
unxiety elapsed ; and when at length the rolling volumes
of smoke gradually floated away, to the dismay and dis.
appointment of all, the fierce warrior was seen standing
apparently unharmed on the same spot in the rigging.
The shot hud, however, been well aimed, for a large rent
in the outstretched canvass, close at his side, and about
mid-height of his person, marked the direction it
had taken. Again he tore away, and triumphantly
waved the black flag aromid his head, while from las
capacious lungs there burst yells of defiance and
Hcorii, that could bo distinguished for his own even at
tliat distance. This done, ho again secured tlie dcatli
symbol to its place ; and gliding to tlie deck by a single
ro|ir, appeared to give orders to the few men of the crew
who were to bo seen ; fur every stitch of canvass was
again made to fill, and tlio vessel, bounding forward be
foro the breeze tlien blowing upon lier<iuartcr, shot rapid,
ly liehind the town, and was finally seen to cost anchor
in the navigable channel that divides ling Island fVom
the shores of Canada.
At the discharge of the eighteen |ioiuidcr, the river
had been giiddenly cleared, as if by niugic, of every
canoe ; while, warned by the same daiij(cr, the groups of
inliabitaiitii, assembled on the bunk, had rushed for shel-
ter to their respective homos ; so that, when the schooner
disappeared, not a vcstiga of human life was to be seen
along that vista so recently peopled with human forms.
An order from Colonel do Haldimar to tlic adjutant,
comitcrmanding the sortie, was the first interruption to
the silence that had continued to pervade the little band
of otlicers ; and two or three of these having hastened
to tlic western front of the rampart, in ordei to obtain a
more distinct view of the movements of the schooner,
tlieir example was sjiecdily followed by tlic remainder,
all of whom now quitted Uio platform, and repaired to
the same point.
Here, with the aid of tlieir telescopes, they again dis-
tinctly commanded a view of tlie vessel, which lay mo-
tionless close under tlic sandy beach of tlie island, and
exhibiting all the technicalities of skill in the disposition
of sails and yards peculiar to the profession. In vain,
however, was every eye strained to discover, among tho
multitudes of savages that kept momentarily leaping to
her deck, the forms of those in whom they were most
interested. A group of some half dozen men, apparent-
ly common sailors, and those, in all probability, whose
.services had been compelled in the working of the ves-
sel, were the only evidences that civilised man formed a
[wrtion of that grotesque assemblage. These, with their
arms evidently bound behind their backs, oiid placed on
one of the gangways, were only visible at intervals, as
the band of savages tliat surrounded them, brandishing
their toinaliawks around tlieir heads, occasionally left an
opening in their circle. The formidable warrior of the
Fieur do lis was no longer to be seen, although tlie flag
which he had hoisted still fluttered in the breeze.
" All is lost, then," ejaculated the governor, with a
inournl'ulness of voice and manner that caused many of
his officers to turn and r"gard him with surprise. " That
black flag announces the triumph of my foe in the too
certain destruction of my children. Now, indeed," he
concluded in a lower tone, " for the first time, does the
curse of Ellen Halloway sit heavily upon my soul."
A deep sigh burst from one inimtdiatcly behind him.
The governor turned suddenly round, and beheld his
son. Never did human countenance wear a character of
inoro poignant misery than tliat of the unhappy Charles
at the moment. Attracted by the report of the cannon,
he had flown to the rampart to ascertain the cause, and
had reached his companions only to learn tho strong
hope so recently kindled in his breast was fled for ever.
His check, over which hung his neglected hair, was now
pale as marble, and his lips bloodless and parted ; yet,
notwithstanding tliis intensity of personal sorrow, a tear
had started to his eye, apparently wrung from him by
this unusual expression of dismay in his father.
" Charles — my son — my only now remaining child,"
murmured the governor, witli emotion, as he remarked,
and btarted at the deatli-Uke image of tlie youth ; " look
not thus, or you will utterly unman me."
A sudden and' involuntary, impulse caused him to_ ex-
tend his arms. The young officer sprang forward into
the proffered embrace, and sank his head upon the cheek
of his father. It was the first time he had enjoyed that
privilege since his childhood ; and even overwliclmed aa
he was by his allliction, he felt it deeply.
This short but touching scene was witnessed by their
companions, without levity in any, and with emotion by
several. None felt more gratified at this demonstration
of parental affection for the sensitive boy, than Blessing-
ton Hud Erskinc.
" I cannot yet persuade myself," observed tho fornior
officer, as tho colonel again assumed that dignity of do-
meanour which had been momentarily lost sight of in
the ebullition of his feelings, — " I cannot yet persuade
myself tilings are altogether so bad as tbc^ appear. It
is true the schooner is in the poaccssion ut* Ih- enemy,
but there is nothing to prove our fVicnds are on board.
" If you had reason to know him into whose hand*
she has fallen, as I do, you would tliink differently. Cap-
tain Blessington," returned the governor. " That mys-
terlouH being," ho pursued, after a short pause, ** would
never liiivb made this parade of his conquest, had it relat-
ed merely to a few lives, which to him are of utter insig-
nificance. The very substitution of yon black flag, IB
his insolent triumph, was tlie pledge of redemption of a
threat breathed in my oar within this very fort : on what
occasion I need not stato, since the events connected
with that imhappy night are still ft'esh in the recoiled-
tions of us all. That he ii my porional enemy, gentlt-
. ;^v;, :"
;. i<'f\:-^
■■■•■If
,'''>'', :
'■'■-^;':
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: /''''''it
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:4
H '
fXfSS
2.08
WACOISTA, OR THE PROPHECY.
t^Af-.-.
^i;^
.U
I"*!''?'';
men, it would bo in vain to disguise from you; although
who ho is, or of jvhat nature his enmity, it ini|>orts not
now to enter upon. Su(Bco it, I liave little doubt my
children are in his power ; but whether the black fla;;
indicates they are no more, or that the tragedy is only
in preparation, I confess I am at a loss to understand."
Deeply affected by the evident despondency that had
dictated these unusual admissions on the part of their
chief, the officers were forward to combat the inferences
lie hud drawn ; scs'cral coinciding in the opinion now
expressed by Captain Wontworlh, that the fact of the
schooner leaving fallen into the hands of the savages by
no means impUcd the capture of the fort whence she
came ; since it was not at all unlikely she had been
chased during a calm by tJie numerous canoes into the
Sinclair, where, owing to the extreme narrowness of tlic
river, she had fallen an easy prey.
" Moreover," observed Captain Blesrington,'' it is high
ly improbable the ferocious >Yarrior could have succ^ded
in capturing any others than tlie unfortunate crew of the
schooiicr; for had this Ixjen the otsc, lie would not have
lost the opportunity of crowning hi.H triumph by exhibit
ing his victims to oiu* view in some conspicuous part of
the vessel."
*' TIiIf, I grant you,," rejoined tlic governor " to be
one solitary circumstance in our favour ; but may it not,
after all, merely prove that our worst apprehensions arc
already realised ?"
'* He is not one, methinks, since vengeance seems his
aim, to exercise it in so summary, and therefore merci-
ful, a manner. Depend upon it, colonel, had any one of
those in whom we are more immediately interested, fal-
len into his hands, he would not have tiiilcd to insult and
agonise us by an exhibition of his prisoners."
" You or* right, Blessiogtoii," exclaimed Charles dc
Haldimar, in a voice that his choking feelings rendered
almost sepulchral ; " he is not one to exercise his ven-
geance in a summary and merciful mammr. The deed
is yet unaceomplished, for oicn now the curse of Ellen
ilalloway rings again in my car, and tvlls me the aton-
ing'blood must be spilt on the grave of her husband."
The peculiar tone in which these words were uttered,
cau.wd every one present to turn ond r< gard the speaker,
i'o. 'hey recalled the prophetic language of the unhappy
womon. There was now a wildness of expression in
his handsome features, marking the mind utterly dead
to hope, .yet struggling to work itself up to passive en-
durance of the worst. Colonel de Hald>inar sighed pain-
fully, as he bent his cyo half reproachfully on the dull
antf attenuated features of his son ; and although he
■poke not, his look betrayed tlie anguish that allusion
had called up to his heart.
" Ha ! what new movement ig that on the part of the
iavages ?" exclaimed Captain Erskine, who had kept his
Ifloiis to his eye mechanically, and ehietly with a view of
hiding the emotion produced in him by the almost infan-
tine despair of the younger De Haldiniar : '' suroly it is
— yet, no, it cannot be — yes, see liow they are dragging
several prisoners from the wood to the beach. I can dis-
tinctly sec a man in a blanket coat, and two others con-
rideraoly taller, and apparently sailors. Hut look, behind
them are two females in ' Eiiroiwan dress. Almighty
lieayen ! there can bo no do^bl."
A paiiiiful pause enpyed, Every other glass and eye
was levelled in the same direction ; and, even as Erskine
■Jiad described it, a party of Indians were seen, by those
who had the telescopes, conducting five prisoners towards
a canoe that lay in the channel communicating tVom the
island with the main (and on the Detroit shore. Iijlo
the bottom of these they were presently huddled, so that
only their heads and shoulders were visible above the
gunwale of the frail bsirk. Presently a tull warrior was
seen bounding from the wood towards the beach. The
crowd of gesticulating Iiidiuns made way, and the war-
rior was seen to stoop and apply his shoulder to the
pano(>, one ihidf of which was high and dry uiioii tlw
■ands. The heavily laden vessel obeyed the iinjietus
with a rapidity that proved the muscular |)ower of hiin
who gave jt, Like sonic wild animal, instinct with life, it
lashed tlie (bfiming waters from its 'wws, and let) a deep
and gurgling tliirow wiicro it passed. As it-^quitted the
shore the warrior sprang lightly In, taking his station at
the slernj and while his tall and remarkable figure bent
nlinbly to the movement, he dasljcd his pad Ic fVom
right to left alternately in the streom, with a quickness
that rendere^i it (ihiiost invisible to the eye. Presently
tho cano<! disappeared round an intervening headlanc),
and the officers -loat sight of it altogether.
" Tho portrait, Ch'jries ; what have you done with
tbo portrait !" exrl:iimod Captain Blesslngtnn, actuated
by • tudden recoUootion, aii4 with t Iropidatioii in hi|
voice and manner that spoke volumes of despair to the
younger Uc Haldimar. " This is our only hope of solv.
Ing the niy.slery. Quick, give nic the |>ortrait, if you
have it."
The young officer hurriedly tore tho miniature from
the breast of his uniform, and pitched it through the in-
terval that separated him from his captain, who stood a
tew feet off; but with so uncertain and trembling an
aim, it missed tlie hand extended to secure it, and fell
upon the very stone the youth had formerly pointed out
to Blcssington, as marking the particular spot on which
he stood during the execution of Halloway. 'J'hc vio-
lence of the fall separated the back of the frame from
the picture itself, vhen suddenly a piece of white and
crumpled paper, apparently part of the back of a letter,
yet cut to the size and shape of the miniature, was ex.
Iiibited to the view of all.
" Ha I" resumed the gratified Bltisington, as ho stoop,
ed to possess himself of tlic prize ; " I knew the piiniature
would be found to contain some intiUigencc from our
friends. It Is only this moment it occuired to me to
take it to pieces, but accident has anticipated my pur<
pose. May the omen prove a good one ! But what have
we here ?"
With some difficulty, the anxious officer now succeed-
ed in making out the characters, which. In default of pen
or pencil, had been formed by the pricking of a line pin
on the paper. The broken sentences, on which tho
whole of the group now hung with greedy cor, ran near-
ly as follows : — " All is lost. MIchllllmackinac Is taken.
Wc arc prisoners, and doomed to die within eight and
forty hours. Alas ! Clara and Madeline are ol'our num-
ber. Still there is a hope, if my fatlicr deem it prudent
to incur the risk. A surprise, well managed, may do
much; but It must be to-morrow night; Ibrty-eight hours
more, and it will be of no avail. He who will deliver tills
is our friend, and the enemy of my father's enemy. He
will be in the spot at the same hour to-morrow night,
and will conduct the detachment to wherever wc may
chance to be. If you fall in your enterprise, receive
our last prayers for a less disastrous fate. God bless you
all !"
The blood ran coldly through every vein during the
perusal of these imjiortant sentences, but not one word
of comment was offered by an individual of the group.
No explanation was necessary. The captives in the
canoe, the tall warrior In Its stern, all sufficiently be.
traycd the horrible truth. Colonel do Haldimar at length
turned nn eiKiiiirlng look at his two captains, and then
addressing the adjutant, asked — " What conipanies are
off duty to-day, Mr Lawson ?"
" Mine," said Blcssington, with an energy that denot-
ed hov; deeply rejoiced he felt at the fact, without giving
the adjutant time to reply.
" And mine," impetuously added Captain Erskine ;
" and (with an oath) I will answer for them ; they never
embarked on a duty of the sort with greater zeal than
they will on this occasion."
" (Jentleincn, I tlionk you," said Colonel de Haldimar,
with deep emotion, as he stepped forward and gras|M;d
in turn the hands of the generous hearted officers. " To
heaven, and to your exertions, do I commit my chil-
dren."
" Any artillery, colonel ?" enquired the officer of tliat
corps.
" No, Wenlworth, no artillery.. Whatever remains to
be done, must be achieved by the bayonet alone, and un-
der favour of the darkness. Uentlemen, again I thank
you for this generous interest in my children — this for-
wardness In an enterprise on which depend the lives of
so many dear Irlends. I am not one given to express
warm emotion, but I do. Indeed, appreciate this conduct
deeply." He then moved oway, desiring Mr. Lawson,
as he'quittcd the rampart, to causu the men tor this ser-
vice to he got in instant readiness.
Following the example of their colonel. Captain Blcs-
sington and Brskinc quitted tho rampart ulso, hastening
to satisfy themselves tiy (icrsonal inspection of the etil.
cicncy in all res|icct« of their several companies ; and in
a few minutes, the only individual to be seen In that
quarter of the works was the sentinel, who had been a
silent and pained witness of all that had punm a -ainung
his officers.
CHAPTER XXVni,
Sufficient has been shown, from the «ODvrrsatlons
among his offict'cs, elsewhere transcribed, to account for
the governor's conduct in tho case of Halloway. That
the recommending of his son, (.'aptain dc Ifaldiniur, had
not bven attendel to, vo*o not fVoni any particular ill-
will towards the unhappy man, but simply becauwj he
had always been In the habit of making his own mlcr.
tions from the ranks, and that the present rccommcnda.
tion had been warmly urged by one who he fancied ptr.
tended to a discrimination superior to his unn, in
pointing out merits that had escaped his observation. It
might be, too, that there was a latent pride about the
manner of Halloway that displeased and dissatisfied one
who looked upon his subordinates as things that v(n
amenable to the haughtiness of his gl.ince, — not cnotisli
of deference in his demeanour, or of supplicating ob.
sequiousncss in his speech, to entitle him to tlie pronia
tion prayed for. Whatever the motive, there \tna no.
thing of personality to influence lilm in the rejection of
the appeal made In favour of one who had never injurnt
him ; but who, on the contrary, as the whole of the rcrri.
mcnt could attest, had saved the Hie of his son.
Rigid disciplinarian as he was, and holding himnlf
responsible for tho safety of the garrison, it was but in.
tural, when the discovery had been made of the unac.
countable unfastening of tlie gate of the fort, suspicion
of no ordinary kind should attach to the sentinel posted
there ; and tliat he should steacilly refuse all credence lo
a story wearing so much appearance of improbabiliiv,
Proud, and Inflexible, and bigoted to first imprcseioni
his mind was closed against those pall'iting circum.
stances, which, adduced by Halloway in his defence, hsd
so mainly contributed to stamp the conviction of his moni
innocence on the minds of his judges ond the attentive lu.
ditory ; and could he even have conquered his pride Boiir
as to have admitted the belief of that innocence, still the
military crime of which he had been guilty, in infrin;.
ing a positive order of the garrison, was in itself nui.
cleiit to call forth all the unrelenting severity of Im
nature. Throughout tlie whole of the proceedings sub.
sequeiitly instituted, he had acted and spoken from ■
perfect conviction of the treason of the unfortunate sol.
dier, and with the fullest impression of the falsehood m'
all thot had been offered in his defence. The eonsidtra. i
tlons that influenced the minds of his officers, found no
entrance into his proud breast, which was closed againii
every thing but his own dignified sense of superior
judgment. Could he, like them, have given credence to
the talc of Halloway, or really have believed that Cap.
tain de Haldimar, educated under his own militarj' cje,
could have been so wanting in subordlnntlun, oa m \
merely to have infringed a positive order of the garri.
«on, but to have mode a private soldier of that gorrim I
accessary to his delinquency, it is more than probalilc
his stern habits of military discipline would have caused
him to overlook the offence of the soldier, in deeper in.
dignation at the conduct of the Infinitely more eul{«blc
officer ; but not one word did ho credit of a stnlemcot, I
which he assumed to have been got up by tlic prinonn |
with the mere view of shielding himsclt from punish.
mcnt : and when to these suspicions of his fidelity vu
attached the foct of the introduction of his alarmin; I
visiter, it must lie confessed his motives for indulging in I
this belief vi-cre not without foundation. I
The Impatience manilestcd during the trial of II1I.I
loway was not a result of any desire of systematic per. I
secution, but of n sense of wounded dignity. It wasil
thing unheard of, and unpardonable In his eycF, I'oril
firivutc soldier to assert, in his presence, his honmir anil [
lis respectability In extenuation, even while cdnilllin;!
the justice of a specific charge ; and when he rcinarkcill
the court listening with that profound nltentinn, whirhl
the peculiar history of the prisoner had excited, lie cogldl
not repress the manifestation of his anger. In juitietl
to lilm, however, it must he acknowledged tliat, ill
causing the charge, to which the unfortunutc miil
pleaded guilty, to be framed, he had only acted frnni ikl
eniivletion that, on the two first, there was nut sufficieall
evidence to condemn one whose crime was n» clcultl
established, to his judgment, ns If he hud Iwn nn rv^l
witness of the treason. It is true, he availed liinmU'ofl
Halloway's voluntary confession, to etPect his eondeiniu.1
tluii ; but estimating him as a traitor, he felt little <Ii'IIcictI
was necessary to be observed on that score.
Much of the despotic military character of t'okmcld
Haldimar had be«n communicated lo lis private lilc;*
much, Indeed, that his sons, — both of whom, it liaabe)
seen, were of natures that belied their origin from 1
stern a stock, — were kejit at nearly ns great n di»lani
I'roiii him as ony other subordinates ot' his regiment. Duj
nithougli ho seldom Indulged in mnnllestations oriiarciiU
regard towards those whom he looked upon rather asii
feriors iq military rank, than as beings connected witlihia
by the ties of blood. Colonel do Haldimar was not wilhi
that Instinctive love for his children, which every •iiin
in the creation feels fur its offliprlnif, H«, nlio,vilui
meats of his
enterprising of
tiination, that 1
mcnt, befitting
("liarles, — the
eiliating Cliarlt
Iwy who could
linclion, if only
physical organi
respect for Ills
of tcii'lerness f(
soldier, a child
concession of w
his daughter Cla
that wanner afl*
seinbled her in n
Colonel de Hahi
dcrness, for whic
and unbending i
the image of on
known had b^c
Clara an affectioi
distinct and apar
We have alrea
dimar to the unf
little success he 1
(jucsted of his ft
brother's life; an
efficient was the 1
wretched being, v
son, Colonel de 1
himself clasped in
little to be expecte
one claiming so lil
OS the universally
one who, in her shi
chief to the obsct
under circuinstajic
on the ludicrous.
might have failed i
a soldier, he could
had offered no conn
ation to mercy anr
il had a certain wci
lute even as he was
dissatisliiction amo
document so poweri
tiire and approval ol
tain Blcssington. t
formed, even before
[stances might requ
manded every prepa
In causing o stror
[conspicuous point cli
from a conviction of
(lie treason of tho sol
himself the dctermin
\k\\ effect, or pardoi
miglit warrant. No
doubt the guilt of 1
person of his enemy
(Tidenccofhistrcaso
in any way, have bcc
lion of the court, had
Ihul as there was noth
lind as the prisoner hai
lofeuirering CapUin
pry to orders, ho fel
irrjiPifthe Capitol
pposition to the gone
of officers and men.
When the shot woB
«c Canadian, and the
me. fearful individu
P«rlment the preccdir
idloway come even
totcrnor. It wos thr<
Mnicalioii wns kept 1
fill wveralof the Canad
itlofllietnystcrioUH'
™y nfliT his dnrini
Wiilcver treason wns 1
mujrli tho instrument
In proof, moreover
[he very rope Hal
Ml the unfortimnto
•lonelde Haldimar wa
l^itftiou. or lo believe
P'«in matter of flirt
if*M'5-^t
WACOVSTA, OR THE PROPHECY.
259
) (poll a pride in, because they reflected a certain dc-
orec of lustre upon liimsclf, tlio talents and accomplish,
raciits of his eldest son, who, moreover, was a brave,
ciilerprising officer, and, only wanted, in his father's es-
timation, that severity of carriajfe and hauteur of deport-
ment, bctitting liit son, to render liini perfect. As for
Charles, the gentle, bland, winning, universally con-
ciliating Charles, — ho looked upon liim as a mere weak
iKjy, who could never hope to arrive at any post of dis-
linclion, if only by reason, of the extreme delicacy of his
physical organisation ; and to have shown any thing like
respect for liis character, or indulged in any expression
of tcn'lcrncss for one so far below his estimate ot what a
soldier, a child of liis, ought to be, would have been a
concession of which his proud nature was incapable. In
his daughter Clara, however, tljc gentleness of sex claimed
that warmer affection which was denied to him who re-
sembled her in almost every attribute of mind and person.
Colonel de Maldimar doatcd on his daughter with a ten-
derness, for which few, who were familiar with his harsh
and unbending nature, ever gave him credit. She was
Uie image of one on whom all of love that ht had ever
Vnown had lK;cn centered ; and he had continued in
Clara an aifection, that seemed in itself to form a portion,
distinct and apart, of his existence.
We have already seen, as stated by Charles dc Hal-
dimar to the unfortunate wife of Halloway, with what
little success he had pleaded in the interview he had re-
quested of his father, for the preserver of his gallant
brother's life; and we have also seen how equally in-
efficient was the lowly and supplicating anguish of that
wretched being, when, on quitting the apartment of his
son, Colonel de Haldimar had so unexpectedly found
himself clasped in her despairing embrace. There was
little to be expected from an intercession on the part of
one claiming so little ascendancy over his father's heart,
as the universally esteem'"^ young officer ; still less from
I one who, in her shriek of agony, had exposed the haughty
chief to the observation both of n>en and officers, and
under circumstances that caused his position to border
on the ludicrous. But however these considerations
might have failed in effect, there was another which, as
a soldier, iie could not wholly overlook. Although he
had offered no comment on the cxtr.iordinary recommend-
ation to mercy annexed to the sentence of the prisoner,
it had a certain weight with him ; and he felt, all abso-
lute even as he was, he could not, without exciting strong
I dissatisfaction among his ti'oops, refiisc attention to a
I document so powerfully worded, and bearing tho signa-
I lure and approval of so old and valued an officer as Cap-
I lain Blcssington. His determination, tliercforc, had been
I formed, even before his visit to his son, to act as circum-
I stances might require; and, in tho meanwhile, ho com-
I manded every preparation for the execution to be made,
I In causing a strong detachment to be marched to tlic
I conspicuous point chosen for his purpose, he had acted
I from » conviction of the necessity of showing the enemy
Itiie treason of the soldier had been detected; reserving to
■ himself the determination of carrying tho sentence into
|fi:ll effect, or pardoning tho condemned, as the event
Imi^ht warrant. Not one moment, meanwhile, did he
Idoubt the guilt of Halloway, whoso description of the
■person of his enemy was, in it«clf, to him', confirmatory
Ittidence of his treason. It is doubtful whether he would,
lia any way, have l>eGn influenced t>y the reeommcndn-
Ition of the court, had the first charges lx!cn substantiated ;
■but as there was nothing but conjecture to bear out these,
lind as the prisoner had boon convicted only on the ground
lof suffering Captain de Haldimar to quit the fort con-
Itraty to orders, ho felt he might possibly go too far in
vrying the capital punishment into effect, in decided
ipposition to the general feeling of tho garrison, — both
|ofu(licers and men.
When the shot was subsequently fired from tho hut of
lie Canadian, and the daring rifleman recognised as the
tune fearful individual who had gained access to his
t(«tlmcnt the preceding night, conviction of tho guilt of
mlloway camo even (Tccper homo to tho mind of the
kovcrnor. It was thrnigli Fraixfois niono that a coin-
fcnnicalion was kept up '"ccrotly betwtnm tho garrison
Wwvcralofthc Canadians without the fort; nndthc very
»tl of the mysterious warrior having been there so re-
KWly aflir liis diiring enterprise, bore evidence that
•ktcver treason was m operation, had been carried on
Moush the instrumentality of mine host of the Ileur de
In proof, moreover, there was the hat of l>oncllnn,
1 the very rope Halloway hod stated to l>e that by
^ich the unfortunate officer had effected his exit.
vlonol dr Haldimar was not one given to indulge in tho
fjrtctioui or to beliovo in thn romantic. Every thing
'pl»in matter of fhrt, as it now oppeared I>eforr him ;
and he thought it evidc t, as though it had been written
in words of fire, that if liis son and his unfortunate ser-
vant h;id quitted the fort in the manner represented, it
was iio less certain they had been forced off by a p.irly, at
the head of whom was his vindictive enemy, and witli the
connivance of Halloway. We have seen, that aflcr the
discovery of the sex of the supposed drummer-boy when
tlio prisoners were confronted together. Colonel do Hal-
dimar had closely watched the expression of their coun-
tenances, hut failed in discovering any thing that could be
traced into evidence of a guilty recognition. Still he
conceived his original impression to have been too forci-
bly borne out, even by the events of the last half hour,
to allow this to have much weight with him; ond his de-
termination to carry the thing through all its fearful pre-
liminary stages became more and more confirmed.
In adopting this resolution in tlie first instance, he was
not without a hope tliat Halloway, standing, as he must
feel himself to be, on the verge of the grave, might bo
induced to make confession of his guilt, and communicate
whatever particulars might prove essential not only to
the safety of tho garrison gencfally, but to himself in.
dividually, as far as his personal enemy was concerned.
With this view, he had charged Captain Blcssington, in
tlio course of tlicir maicli from tjie hut to the fatal bridge,
to promise a full pardon, provided he should make such
confession of his crime as would lead to a just apprecia-
tion of the evils likely to result from the treason tliat had
in part been accomplished. Even in making this pro.
vision, however, which was met by the prisoner with
solemn yet dignified reiteration of his innocence. Colonel
de Haldimar had not made the refusal of pardon alto-
gether conclusive in his own mind : still, in adopting this
plan, there was a chance of obtaining a confession ; and
not until there was no longer a prospect of the unhappy
man being led into that confession, did he feel it impera-
tive on him to stay the progress of the tragedy.
What the result would have been, had not Halloway,
in the strong excitement of his feelings, sprung to his
feet upon the coflfin, uttering the exclamation of triumph,
fs Rc.ircely doubttul. However much the governor might
have contemned and slighted a credulity in which he in
no way participated himself, he had too much discrimi-
nutioii not to perceive, that to have persevered in the
capital punishment would have been to have rendered
himself personally obnoxious to the comrades of the con
dcinned, whose dispirited air and sullen mien, he clearly
saw, denounced the punishment as one of unnecessary
rigour. The haughty commander was not a man to be
intimidated by manifestations of discontent ; neither was
he one to brook a spirit of insubordination, however
forcibly supported; but he had too much experience and
military judgment, not to determine that this was not a
moment, by foregoing an act of compulsory clrmeney, to
instil divisions in the garrison, when the safety of all so
much depended on the cheerfijlness and unanimity with
which they lent themselves to the arduous duties of de-
fence.
However originating in policy, tlic lenity he might
have been induced to have shown, all idea of the kind
the prisoner. At the moment when tlie distant heights
resounded wltli the fierce yells of tho savages, and leap-
ing forms came bounding down the slope, the remarkable
warrior of the Flcur de lis — tho fearful enemy who had
whispered the most demoniac vengeance in his cars the
preceding night, — was the only one that met and riveted
the gate of tlie governor. Ho paused not to obso^ve or
to think who the flying mnn could lie of whom the mys-
terious warrior was in pursuit, — neither did it, indeed,
occur to him that it was a pursuit at all. But one idea
suggested itself to his mind, and that was an attempt at
rescue of the condemned on the part of his accomplice ;
and when at length Halloway, who had iit once, as if by
instinct, recognised his captain in thu fugitive, shouted
forth his gratitude fo heaven tliat " he at length ap.
preached who alone had the power to save him," every
shadow of mercy was banished from the mind of the
governor, who, lutiouring under a natural misconception
of the causes of his exulting shout, felt that justice im-
peratively demanded her victim, and no longer liesitati>l
in awarding the doom that became tlio supposed troiior.
It was uncler this impression that he sternly gave and
rcjicafed the fata! order fo fire ; and by this misjudged
and severe, although not absolutely cruel act, wt only
destroyed one of tho noblest beings that ever wore a
soldier's uniform, but entailed upon himself and fimily
thm terrific curse of his maniac wifb, which rang like a
prophetic warning in the cars of all, and was often heard
in fho fitful starlings of his own rvor-aftrr troubled
slumbers,
What his feelings were, when subsequently lie dis-
covered, in the wretched fugitive, the son whom ho
already believed to have been numbered with the dead,
and heard from his lips a confirmation of all that had
been advanced by the unhappy Halloway, we shall leave
it to our readers to imagine. Still, even amid his first
regret, the rigid disciplinarian was strong within him ;
and no sooner had the detachment regained the fort, after
performing the last offices of interment over their ill-fated
comrade, than Captain dc Haldimar received an infiina-
tion, through tlie adjutant, to consider himself under close
arrest for disol)edicncc of orders. Finally, however, ho
succeeded in procuring an" interview with his father ; in
the course of which, disclosing the plot of the Indians,
and the short ])eriod allotted for its being carried into
execution, he painted in the most gloomy colours tho
alarming dangers which threatened them all, and finished
by urgently imploring his father to suffer him to make
tilt: attempt to reach tlieir unsuspecting friends at Miehil*
iimackinac. Fully impressed with the difficulties at.
tendant on a scheme tliat offered so Ccw feasible ehanecH
of success, Colonel dc Haldimoi' for a period denied his
concurrence ; but when at length the excited young man
dwelt on the horrors that would inevitably await his
sister and betrothed cousin, were they to fall into the
hands of the savages, these considerations were found to
be effective. An afler-arrangement included Sir Everard
Vallctort, who had expressed a strong desire to share his
danger in the enterprise ; and the services of tlie Cana-
dian, who had been brought back a prisoner to the fort,
and on whom promises and llireats were bestowed in uii
equally lavish manner, were rendered available. In fact,
without the assistance of Francois, there was little chance
of their effecting in safety the navigation of the waters
through which they were to pass to arrive at the fort.
He it was, who, when summoned to attend a conference
among the officers, bearing on the means to be adopted,
suggested the propriety of their disguising themselves as
Canadian duck hunters ; in which character tliey might
expect to pass unmolested, even if encountered by any
outlying parties of the savages. With the doubts that
had previously been entertained of the fidelity of Francois,
there was an air of forlorn hoiie given to the enterprise ;
still, as the man expressed sincere earnestness of desire
to repay tho clemency accorded him, by a faitliful exer.
else of his services, and as the object sought was one
that justified the risk, there wa^, notwithstanding, a
latent hope cherished by all parties, that the event would
prove successful. We have already seen to what extent
their anticipations were realised.
Whether it was that he secretly acknowledged tlic too
excessive sternness of his justice in regard to Halloway
(who still, in the true acceptation of facts, had been guilty
of a crime that entailed tlie penalty he had paid,) or that
tho apprehension that arose to his heart in regard to
her on whom he yearned witli all a fathci's fondness
governed his conduct, certain it is, that, from the hour of
the disclosure made by his son. Colonel dc Haldimar
became an altered man. Without losing any thing of
that dignity of manner, which had hitherto been con.
wns chased from his mind by the unfortunate action of founded with the most repellent haughtiness of bearing,
his demeanour towards his officers became more cour.
teous ; and although, as heretofore, he kept hipself en.
tircly aloof, except when occasions of duty bNUght them
together, still, when they did meet, tlier' was more of
conciliation in his manner, and less o'' austerity in his
speech. There was, moreover, a ejection in his eye,
strongly in contrast with his former imperious glance ;
ond more than one oflieer rer<""''cd, tliut, if his days
were devoted to the custoP'"')' practical arrangements
for defence, his pallid c'^"'''"""':'' liclokened that his
nights were nights raf'''' of vigil than repose.
However natural ^"^ '^^"P "'<' "'irm entertained for
the futc of the si'*-''' '•"'•i '''fro could be no apprehension
on the mind r-' Colonel de Haldimar in regard to his
own- sinco 'Urnishcd with the means of foiling his ene-
mies wit' ^'"'i'' °^" weapons of cunning and deceit, a
fi.,y p.eraordinary precautions alone were necessary to
gc«<irc all i nmunity fVoin danger. Whatever might'bo
>ne stern jieculiarities of his character, — and these had
originated chiefly in ah education purely military,—
Colonel de Haldimar was an officer well calculated to tho
important trust reposed in him; for, combining experience
with judgment in all matters relating to the diplomacy
of war, and being fiilly conversant with tho cliaractcr
and habits of tlie enemy opposed to him, he possessed
singulnr aptitude to scuo whf'jvcr advantages might
present thcnisclves.
The prudence and caution of his policy have already
bcon made manifest in the two several council sccnrs
with the rliinfs rerordcd in our provioiis pages. It may
|P">! iJ]!,V.'>l.., i
-■•■•.'"''.' V'4:''?K •■••♦■'';$
Iv^l,^
:^'i^3t
^■'■^ ^ '■'■■'3
'■iT~. •;■'■ ,-■ ' 'f 1'!;! ■f-'4
•nf,
'^
■ ■■.;u.V
' ' '.
■■,'- ■-*^:'
m
2G0
WACdl BTA, on TllE PnCPUKCY.
•^'>*
'm^^^.
ri
appear singulnr, that, with the oppnrtimity thus afibrilcd
liim of retaining the forniidalilc I'onteac, — t!iu strength
and sinew of that long protracted nnd ferocious war, — in
liis power, he should have waived his advanla^'e ; but here
Colonel dc Haldiniar gave evidence of tlie tact which so
eminently distinguished liis public conduct throughout.
He well knew the nohle, fearless character of the chief;
and felt, if any hold was to be secured over him, it was
by grappling witJi his generosity, and not by the exeieise
of intiiuidatioD. Even admitting that I'untcae continued
his prisoner, and that the troops, pouring their destruc-
UvB fire upon the inasH of enemies so suddenly arrested
on the drawbridge, had swept away the whole, still they
were but as a niitc among the numerous nations that
were leagued against the lOnglish j and to these nations,
it was evident, tbey nmst, sooner or later, succumb.
Colonel do Huldimar knew enougli of the proud but
generous nature of the Ottawa, to deem that the policy
lie proiiosed to pursue in the la.st council scene would not
prove altogether without effect on that warrior. It was
well known to him, that much, pains had been taken to
instil into the nihids of .lu Indians the belief that the
English were resolved on •heir final extirpation; and as
certain slights, offercd-to them ut various periods, hud
given a colouring of truth to this assertion, the formidable
league which had already accomplished the downfall of
BO many of the forts had been the consequenec of these
artful representations. Although well aware that the
Frdnch had numerous emissaries distributed among the
fierce tribes, it was not mitil after the disclosure made
by the haughty Ponteac, at the close of the lirst council
scene, that he became apprised of the alarming influence
exercised over the mind of that warrior himself by his
own terrible and vindictive enemy. The necessity of
comiteracting that influence was obvious ; and he fult
this was only to be done (if at all) by some marked and
extraordinary evidence of tlie peaceful disimsition of the
English. Hence his determination to sufi'cr the faithless
chiefs and their followers to depait unliarined from the
fort, even at the moment when the attitude assumed by
the prepared garrison fully proved to the assailants their
designs had been penetrated and their schemes rendered
abortive.
CHAPTER XXIX.
\yith Ae general position of the encampment of the
investing Indians, the reader has been made acquainted
through the narrative of Captain do Haldiniar. It was,
as has been shown, situate in a sort of oasis close within
tlie verge of the forest, and '(g'rt by an intervening un-
derwood which nature, in her caprice, had fashioned
after the manner of a defensive barrier) embraced a space
sufficient to cont<iin the tents of the fighting men, to-
gelhcr with their women and children. This, however,
included only the warriors and inferior chiefs. The
tents of the leaders were without the belt of underwood,
and principally distributed at long intervals on that side
of the forest which skirted the open country towards the
river ; forming, as it were, a chain of external dclcnccs,
and sweeping m a semicircular diicclion round the more
denso encampment of their followers. At its highest
clcvalioii the forest shot out suddenly into a jwint,
naturally ch.^ugh rendered an object of attraction from
whatever part ^, was commanded.
Darkness was already beginning to spread her mantle
over the intervening gpace, ond the night fires of tlic
Indians were kindling Vjto brightness, glimmering occa.
sionully through the wool ^viu, that pale and lambent
light pccidiar to the fire-fly, ^f ,vhieli tliey offered a ii<,t
inapt representation, when 8uij^,„|y ^ ]„fly jt,,)^ jjip
brilliant whiteness of which wasMirown into strong re-
lief by the dark field on \yhieli it N„osed, was seen to
rise at a few paces from the abrupt pi;„t ji, t|,g Corcst
just described, and on the extreme sum-.jt ^f ^ ridire
beyond which lay only the western horizoi. j,, ijoldeii
jierspectivc.
. Tlie opening of this tent looked eastward and to»,,rjg
the fort ; and on its extreme suminit floated a dark fli,^
which at intervals spread itself bcliire llic slight evening
breeze, but oftener hung drooping and heavily over the
glittering canvass. One solitory pine, whose trunk ex-
ceeded not the ordinary thicknesB of a man's waist, and
standing out as a landmark on the ridge, rose ut the dis-
tance of a few feet from the spot on wliieli the tent had
been erected ; and to this was bound the tall and elegant
figure of one dressed in the coarse garb of a sailor. The
■nils and legs of this individual were jwrfectly free; but
a strong to\Mi, rendered doubly seriirc after the manner
of what is termed "whipping" among seanicii, after
tinving been tightly drawn several timci around his waist,
and then firmly knotted lx;liind, was again passed round
the tree, to which tlie back of the iirisoncr was closely
lashed ; tlius enabling, or rutlicr compelling, him to be a
spectator of cvi'iy oliji et within the tent. *
Layers of burk, over which were spread the dressed
skins of the bear and the buffalo, formed the floor and
carpet of the latter ; and on these, in various parts, and
in characteristic attitudes, reposed the forms of three
human beings ; one, tlie formidable warrior of tlie
Fleur dc lis. Attired in the garb in which we first in.
troduced him to our readers, and with the same weapons
rcixjsing at his side, the haughty savage lay at his lazy
length ; his feet reaching bc-yond the opening of the tent,
and his head reposing on a rude pillow formed of a
closely compressed pack of skins of wild animals, over
which was spread a sort of mantle or blanket. One
hand was introduced between the pillow and his head,
the other gras|)ed the pipe tomahawk he was smoking;
and while the mechanical play of his right foot indicated
prc-ocrupation of thought, his quick and meaning eye
glanced Irciiuently an<4 alternately upon the furthest of
his companions, tlio prisoner wiUiout, and tlie distant
fort.
Within a fvw feet of the warrior lay, extended on a
buffalo skin, the delicate figure of a female, whose hair,
complexion, and hands, denoted her European extraction,
Her dress was ^^■llir(•ly Indian, however ; consisting of a
machccoti with leggings, mocassins, and shirt of printed
cotton studded with silver brooches, — all of which wore
of a quality and texture to mark the wearer as the wife
of a chief; ond her fair Lair, done up in a club behind,
reposed on a neck of dazzling whiteness. Her eyes were
large, blue, but wild and unmeaning ; her countenance
vacant ; and her movements altogether mcehanieal. A
wooden bowl filled with hominy, — a preparation of Indian
corn, — was at her side ; and from this she was now in
the act of feeding herself with a spoon of the same ma
tcrial, but with a negligence and slovenliness that betrayed
her almost utter unconsciousness of the action.
At the furtlier side of the tent tlieio was another wp-
inan, even more delicate in appearance than the one
last mentioned. S'le, loo, was bluo eyed, and of sur
passing fairness of skin. Her altitude denoted a mind
too powerfully absorbed in grief to bo heedful of appear
ances ; for she sat with her knees drawn up to her chin,
and rocking her body to and fro with an undulating
motion that seemed to have its origin in no effort of vo-
lition of her own. Ilor long fair hair hung negligently
over her shoulders ; and a blanket drawn over the top
of her head like a veil, and extending partly over the
[lerson, disclosed here and there portions of an apparel
which was strictly European, although rent, and exhi
biting in various places stainsof blood. A bowl similar
to that of her companion, and filled with the same food,
was at hor side ; but this was uiitasted-
" Why does the girl refuse to eat ?"' asked the warrior
of her nexk him, as he liorcely rolled a volume of smoke
from his lips. " Mako her out, fat I would speak to her
afterwards."
"Why does the girl refuse to eat?" responded the
woman in the same tone, dropping her spoon nsi she
spoke, and turning to the object of remark witli u va-
cant look. "It is good," she pursued, as she rudely
shook the arm of the hecdies Rufferer. " Come, girl
Ottt."
A shriek burst from the lips of the unhappy girl, as,
npiMrcntly roused from her abstraction, sho suft'ercd the
bliinkel to tall from hor head, and staring wildly ut her
quostioner, faintly demanded, — " Who, in the name ol
mercy, are you, who address mo in this horrid place in
my own tongue ' Speak ; who arc you 7 Surely I should
know that voice lijr that of Ellon, the wife of Frank
Halloway !"
A maniac laugh was uttered by the wretched woman
This continued oft'ensive'^' for a moment ; and she ob-
served, in an infuriuteo tone and with a searching eye,
— " No, I am nut the wife of Halloway. It is false. 1
am the wife of Wucousta. This is my husband !" and
as sho spoke she sprang nimbly to her feet, and was in
Uic next instant lying prostrate on the form of the war-
rior ; her arms tlirowii wildly around him, and Iter lips
imprinting kisses on his check.
tit Wucousta was in no mood to suffer her endear-
ments. He lor the first time seemed alive to the pre-
sence of hor who lay beyond, and to whoso whole
ap|ieaiancc a character of animation had been imparted
by the temporary excitement of her feelings. He gazed
at liar a moment, with tlie air of dhe endeavouring to
recall the memory of days long gone by ; and as ho
continued to do »o, his eye dilated, hii chest heaved, and
his countenance alternately, flushed and paled. \^
length he threw the form that re|iosed ujion his own
violently, and even savagely, from liim; sprang eagerly
to his ft'Ct ; and clearing the space that divided liiin
from the object of his attention at a single step, bote
her from the earth in his arms with as much case at if
she had been an infunt, and then returning to his qivq
rude couch, placed his horror-stricken victim at bin
side,
" Nay, nay," ho urged sarcastically, as she vainly
struggled to free hcrsell'; " let the Dc Haldiinur porlion
of your blood rise up in anger if it wi!l; but that of
Clara Beverley, at least "
"Gracious Providence! where am I, that I licarllm
name of my sainted motherthus familiarly pronounced?''
interrupted the startled girl ; " and who are you,"—
turning her eyes wildly on the swarthy counlenaiico of
the warrior,—" who are you, I ask, who, with the mien
and in tho garb of a savage of these forests, appear thuj
acquainted with her nume?"
Tho warrior pussed his hand across his brbw for i
moment, as if soiine painful and intolerable reflection Ijuj
been culled up by tho question ; but he speedily rcco.
vered his self possession, and, with an expression offti.
turo that almost petrified his auditor, vehemoDtlj oli.
served, —
" You ask who I am ! One who know yo' r mother
long before the accursed name of Dc Haldimar had eiei
been whispered in her ear; and whom love for the one
and hatred for the other has rendered the savage yon
now behold ! Uut," he continued, while a fierce and
hideous smile lighted up every featare, " I overlook mj
past sufferings in my present happiness. The image of
Clara ncvcrloy, even such as my soul loved lieriniti
youth, is once more before me in hor child ; that child
shall be my wife !"
" Your wife ! monster; — never !" shrieked the unhip. I
py girl, uguiii vainly attempting to disengage homelf
from the encircling arm of the savage. "Bul,"ih«
pursued, in a tone of supplication, while the tears
eoursed each other down her cheek, " if you ever loved
my mother, us you say you have, restore her children
to their home ; und, if saints may be permitted to look
down from heaven in approval ot the acts of men, the |
whom you have loved will bless you for tho deed."
A deep groan burst from tho vast chest of Wacomti;
but, for a moment, he answered not At length he ob-
served, pointing at the same time with his finger toward)
the cloudless vault above their heads, — " Do you behold I
yon blue sky, Clara de Huldimar?" I
" 1 do; — what mean you?" demanded tho trerablinj I
girl, in whom a momentary hope had been excited by I
the subdued nxiniier of tlic savage.
" Nothing," lie coolly rejoined ; " only that wercyonr I
mother to appear there at this moment, clad in all the
attributes escribed to angels, her prayer would notiltci
the destiny that awaits you. Nay, nay; look notlbiul
sorrowfully," he pursued, as, in despite of her etforltlol
prevent him, he imprinted a burning kiss upon her lipil
" Even thus was 1 once wont to linger on the lips afyoni I
mother; but hers ever pouted to bo pressed by mine; I
und not with tears, but with sunniest smiles did ibtl
court them." He paused ; bent his head over Iheficil
of the shuddering girl; and gazing fixedly for a fell
minutes on her countenance, while be pressed hnl
struggling form more closely to his own, exulliD|lM
pursued, as if to himself, — " Even as her mother ini,|
so is slic. Yo powers of hell ! who would have ereil
thought a tiinn would come when both my vengeiniel
and my love would be gratified to tho utmost? HofI
strange it never should have occurred to mo he ht(li|
daughter !"
" What mean you, fierce, unpitying man 7" exclalmrij
the terrified Clara, to whom a full sense of the IjorrorM
her position had lent unusual energy of clinraclerl
"Surely yuu will not detain a p«i<r defenceless womul
in your hunds, — the child of her you say you hml
loved. Hut it is fiilse ! — you never knew her, oryoi
would not now reject luy prayer."
"Never know hurl'' fiercely repeated Waconst
.\guin lie paused. "Would I had never known Iml
nnd I should not now be tho outcast wretch I i^f
— ho udded, slowly and impiossively. Then i
more elevating his voice; — " Clara de Haldimar, I hiH
loved your mother as man never loved woman ;iiiil|
have hilled your futhcr" (grinding his teeth witli Hi]
us he spoke) " us man never hated man. Thai Ion
that hatred are unquenchod — unquenchable. Before n
I sec at once tho image of her who, oven in dcalli,li
lived enshrined in my heart, and tho child of him *^
it my bilteres
itand iiie now
" Almighty
can nothing
the affrighted )
on tliosc of the
her own to sin
puriued, after i
of despair, "if
you say you ii
the name of th
yourself, prevai
"Ellen Hullo
the wielched w
veiily meal on i
sciousness of tl
notElli.n Halk
My husband wi
toldior, and was
"Reginald A
What know yoi
coueta, with frig
ing form of Cla
ahou'der of the u
" Stop ; do no
the almost screa
my husband one
He did not look
roe BO."
"What of bin
Wacousla, as he
wretched Ellen,
came he ?"
"Nay, you mi
and, as sho uttei
ciliating tone, he
warrior with a ni
" But he was verj
reus; and we live
other at first sigh
and they quarrelc
and then we beca
a soldier, and
ago." Slie presse
bead upon her die
" Ellen, woman
this Reginald Mo
county did he beic
" Ob, we were I
vivacity singularlj
monotonous tone;
great family, and I
"Cornish! (
pealed the dark W
ingnnd disgust so
features ; " then is
Was the family see
" It was," unties
yet with tho air o
peatcd, long foigo
beautiful castle too
commanded such
lillle port of
iwect valley, close
happy." She puus
«nd pressed it wit!
the chain of connci
without success.
"And your fatlii
warrior, cnquiriiigb
aright?" *•'
"Ha! who namci
woman. " Yes, sir
the kindest, the nc
•Bliction of his chiliJ
ftraily, broke his Ik
i« dead too ; and I i
uid have no one to
Mch other rapidly c
ejM wore staring ai
"It is false!" vo
hid gained all that
nil doubts, quitted t
Pfe« with violence
I "ilended hintselfnt
I onclc of your husba
iwn the wilb of t\
pumied with unnll
''"'tfd up and shook
ili'fclion cf the fort
»
WACOUSTA, on THE PnOPUECY.
261
ind paled. At
1 uiHin his own,
pprang cagorlj
mt divided him
linglo Btep.boiB
I much case at if
ning to his own
n victim at hia
', as she viinlj
[luldimar portion
/i!l ; but that of
, that I heir tlie
irly pronounoedT'
who arc yau,"—
ly countenance of
lo, with the mien
rosts, appear thui
IS his brbw fur >
abin rcHeclioii Iwd
hu speedily rccu.
I expression of fui.
r, vehemently ob-
:new yo' r mother
Haldimar hud ever
m love for the one
id the savage you
vhile a fierce and
ro, " I overlook mj
Dss. The image of I
lul loved heriaiti
or child ; that child ]
shrieked the un'iip.
> disengage hornlf I
ivuge. " But," she
n, while the tears
"if you ever loved
cstorc her children {
le permitted to l
10 acts of men, ahe {
for the deed."
Idlest of Wacoujta; I
At length he oh- 1
his finger towaidi I
, — '■ Do you behold I
^ded tlio trembling I
ad been excited by I
only thatwercyonri
lont, clad in all the I
yer would not alltt I
nay ; look not tbu I
lite of her etforlstol
kiss upon herlipe.!
on thelipsofyourj
pressed by mine;
iest smiles did ihil
head over the ftct I
fixedly for a fell
lo he pressed bet I
lis own, exullin|l;l
her mother «u,l
would have etiil
)th my venjeancel
tlio utmost? Howl
ed to mo ha hadil
g man 7" exclaimejl
use of the horror or
crgy of cliaraclei|
IdefeiicelesB womttl
lyou say you hiii|
knew her, or J
tpcaled Wacon*
] never known beil
list wretch I iinj
■voly. Then otrf
ie Haldimar, I brt
Ivod woman ! >™|
Ihia teeth witbftf
man. Thallm
Ichable. Dcfott"
lovcn in death,"
) child of him ^A
■ ^y bitterest foo. Clara de Huldimar, do you under-
iland ine now 7"
" Almighty Providence ! is there no one to save mo ?
_^n nothing touch your stubborn heart ?" exclaimed
the affrighted girl ; and she turned her swimming eyes
on those of the warrior, in appeal ; but his ginnce caused
her own to sink in confusion. " Ellen llalloway," she
nur8asd,aAor a moment's pauso, and in the wild accents
of despair, "if you are indeed the wife of this man, as
vou say you aic, oh I plead for me with hira ; and Jii
tlie name of that kindness, which I once extended to
yourself, prevail on liim to restore me to my father !"
" Ellen Halloway ! — who calls Ellen llalloway ?" said
the wretched woman, who had again resumed her slo-
venly meal on the rude couch, apparently without con-
jciousness of the scene enacting at her side. " I am
notEIh^n Halloway: they said so; but it is not true.
My husband was Reginald Morton : but ho went for a
soldier, and was killed ; and I novor saw him more."
"Reginald Morton! What mean you, woman ? —
What know you of Reginald Morton 7" demanded Wa-
cousta, with frightful energy, as, leaning over the shrink-
ing form of Clara, he violently grasped and shook the
ihou'der of the unhappy maniac.
"Stop; do not hurt me, and 1 will tell you all, sir,"
tlia almost screamed. "Oh, Sir, Reginald Morton was
my husband once ; but he was kindoi than you are.
He did not look so fiercely at roe ; nor did ho pinch
roe BO."
"What of him? — who was ho 7" furiously repealed
Wacousta, as he again impatiently shook the arm of the
wretched Ellen. " Where did you know liiin ? — Whence
came he 7"
"fjay, you must not bo jealous of poor Reginald:'!
and, as she uttered these words in a softening and con-
ciliating lone, her. eye was turned upon tln.so of the
warrior with a mingled expression of t<;ar and cunning.
" But he was very good and very handsome, and gene-
rous; and we lived near each other, and wo loved each
other at first sight. But his family were very proud,
aod they quarreled with liim because ho married mc;
and then we became very poor, and Reginald went for
a soldier, and ; but I forgot tho rest, it is so long
aro." She pressed her hand to her bruw, and sank licr
head upon her chest.
" Ellen, woman, again I ask you where he came from?
this Reginald Morton that you have named. To wlia!.
county did he belong 7"
"Ob, we were both Cornish," slio answered, with a
vivacity singularly in contrast with her recent loiw and
OMnotonous tone ; " but, as I said before, ho wus of a
great family, and 1 only a poor clergyman's daughter."
"Cornish! Cornish, did you say 7" fiercely re-
pealed the dark Wacousta, while an expression of loath-
ing and disgust seemed for a moment to convulse his
features; "then is it as 1 had feared. One word more
Was the family seat called Morton Castlo 7"
" It was," unhesitatingly returned tho poor woman,
yet with tho air of one wondering to hear a namu re-
pealed, long foi gotten oven by herself. "It was s
beautil'ul castle too, on a lovely ridgn of hills ; and it
commanded such a nice view of the sea, close to the
little port of ; and tho parsonage stood in such a
awoet vallny. close under tho castle ; and wo wore all so
luppy." Slio paused, again put her hand to her brow,
and pressed it with forcn, as if endeavouring to pursue
the chain of connection in her memory, but ovidcntly
without success.
" And your father's name was Clayton ?" said the
warrior, enquiringly. "Henry Clayton, if I recollect
aright?"
"Ha ! whd names my father?" shrieked the wretched
wouian. " Yes, sir, it was Clayton — Henry Clayton —
the kindest, the noblest of human beings. But the
affliction of liis child, and the persecutions of the Morton
family, broke Iiis heart. He is dead, sir, and Reginald
is dead too; and I am a |>uor lone widow in the world,
and havo no one lo love mo." Hero the tears coursed
each other rapidly down her faded cheek, although her
eyes wore staring and motionless.
"It is false!" vociferated the warrior, who, now he
hid gained all that was essential to the elucidation of
hli doubts, quitted the sliouldor ho had continnud to
press witli violence in his nervous hand, and once more
titended hintself at his length ; " in mo you behold the
oncic of your husband. Yes, Ellen (Clayton, you have
been the wife of two Reginald Mortons. Both," he
pursued with uniitternhio bitterness, while ho again
■tilled np and shook his tomahawk memcingly in the
<liicclion cf the fort, — " both have been the victims ot
yoncold-bloodcdgovcrnoi ; but tho hour of our reckoning
is at hand. Ellon,'' he fiercely added, " do you rocollccl
the curse you pronounced on tho family of that haughty
man, when he slaughtered your Reginald? By Heaven !
it shall be fulfilled ; but first shall the love I have so
long borne the mothor be transferred to tho child."
Again he sought to encircle the waist of her whom,
in tho strong excitement of his rage, ho had momenta-
rily quilted; but the unutterable disgust and horror
produced in tho mind of the unhappy Clara lent an al-
most supernatural activity to her despair. She dexte-
rously eluded his grasp, gained her feci, and with
tottering steps and outstretched arms darted through
tho opening of tho tent, and piteously exclaiming.
•' Save me ! oh, for God's sake, save me !" sank exhaust-
ed, and apparently lifeless, on tho chest of the prisoner
without.
To such of our readers as, deceived by tho romantic
nature of the attachment stated lo have been originally
entertained by Sir Everard Vallotort for the un.«ccn
sister of his friend, havo been led to expect a tale
abounding in manifestations of its progress when the
parlies had actually met, we at once announce disap
poiiitment. Neither the lover of amorous adventure,
nor the admirnr of witty dialogue, should dive into
these passages. Room for the exercise of the invention
might, it is true, bo found ; but ours is a tale of sad re-
ality, and our heroes and lioruincs figure under circuiii
stances that would render wit a satire upon the under,
standing, and lovo a reflcclioM u[>on the heart. Williir
the bounds of probability havo we, thoioforc, confined
onrsolves
What the feelings of the young baronet must have
been, from the first moment when he received fioin the
hands of tlio unfortunate Captain' Biynton (who, nl-
Ihougli an officer of his own corps, was iwrsonally a
stranger lo him,) that cherished sisicr of his friend; on
whose ideal form his excited isnuginalion had so ol'len
latterly loved lo linger, up to the present hour, wc
should vainly attempt to paint. There iire emotions of
the heart, it would be mockery in tho pen to trace.
From tho instant of his first conlributiiig to preserve her
life, on that dreadful day of blood, to that when the
schooner fell into tho hands of the savages, few words
had passed between them, and thcsu had reference
merely lo the position in which they found themselves,
and whonever Sir Everard fell he could, without inde-
licacy or intrusion, tender himself in tho slightest way
sorviceablo to her. Tho very circumstances undei
which they had met, conduced lo Iho suppression, if not
utter extinction, of nil passion allaclicd lo ti.^ senti-
ment with which he had been inspired. A new feeling
had quickened in his breast; and it was with emotion!
more assimilated to friendship than to love that ho now
regarded tho beautiful but. sorrow stricken sister of his
bosom friend. Still there was a softness, a purify,
delicacy and tenderness in this new feeling, in which
the influence of sex secretly though unackuowledgcdiy
predominated; and even while sensible it would have
been a profanation of fivery thing most sacred and deli-
cate in nature to have admitted a thought of love within
his breast at such a moment, ho also felt ho could have
entertained a voluptuous joy in making any sacrifice,
even to tho surrender of life ilsolf, providprl the tran-
quillity of that gentle and suffering boing could be by it
ensured.
* Clara, in her turn, had boon in no condition to admit
so exclusive a power as that of iovo within* her soul.
She had, it is ^truo, even amid the desolation of her
shattered spirit, recognised in the young officer the
original of a portrait so frequently drawn by her brother,
and dwell on by herself. She acknowledged, moreover,
tho fidelity of the painting: but however she might
have felt and acted under different circumstances, ab-
sorbcd as was her heart, and paralysed her imagination,
by the borrowing scenes she had gone through, she, too,
had room but for ono sontinient in her fainting snul, and
that was friendship fiir tho friend of her brother; on
whom, moreover, she bestowed that woman's gtatitnde,
which could not fail lo bo awakened by a recollection
of the risks ho had on ounlered, conjointly with Fredo-
rick, to save her fVom- destruction. During their pas
sage across lake Huron, Sir Everard had usually taken
his scut on tho deck, at that respectful distance which
he conceived the delicacy of the position of the unforlu-
naln cousins doniniided ; but in such a manner that,
while ho seenii'd wholly abstracted from them, his eye
had more than once been detcc'.od by Clara fixed on hers,
with an nH'oclionatrnr s of interest she could not avoid
These, however, were the only indications of regard
that had passed between them.
If, however, a niomenlary an(J irrepressible flashing
of that sentiment, which had, at an earlier |)criod,
formed a portion of their imaginings, did occasionally
steal over their hearts while there was a prospect of
reaching their friends in safety, all mnnifostatiun of ita
power was again finally suppressed when the schooner
fell into the hands of the savages. Become the imme-
diate prisoners of Wacousta, they had been surrendered
to that ferocious chief to bn dealt with as he might think
proper ; and, on disembarking from tho canoe in which
their transit lo tho mainland had been descried that
morning from the fort, had licen separated from their
equally unfortunate and suffering companions. Captain
do Haldimar, Madeline, and the Canadian, wore de-
livered over lo the custody of several choice warriors of
the tribe in which Wacousta was adopted ; and, bound
hand and foot, were, at that moment, in the war tent of
the fierco savage, which, nsPonloacliad once boasted In
tho governor, was every where hung around with human
scalps, both of men, ci women, and of children. Tho
object of this mysterioi's man, in removing CInra lo
llin spot we have described, was ono well worthy of his
ferocious naluro. His vengeance had already devoted
her to destruction ; and it vus within view of tho fort,
which contained the fiilher whom he loathed, ho had re-
solved his purpose should be accomplished. A refine-
ment of cruelly, such as could scarcely have been sup-
posed lo enter tho breast eve i of such a remorseless
savage as himself, had caused him to convey to the same
spot, him whom he rather suspected than knew to bo
llio lover of the young girl. It was with the view of
liarrowing up the .ooul of one whom he had recognised
as the ofliccr who had disabled him on the night of tho
rencontre on Iho bridge, Ihal he hod boaind Sir Everard
lo the tree, whence, as wo have already stated, ho was a
compelled spertator of every thing that passed within
the lent; and yet with that frco action of limb which .
only tended to tantalize him the more amid his una-
voidable cflbrls lo rid himself of his lionds. — a fact that
proved not only the dire extent to which the revenge of
Wacousta could be carried, but the actual and gratui-
tous cruelty of his nature.
One must have been similarly circumstanced, to un-
dcrslnnd all the agony of the young man during this
odious scene, and particularly at tho fierce and repeated
ileclar.ilion of the savage that Cla'ra should be his bride.
.M.irc than once had he essayed lo remove thu ligaturr>s
which confined his waist ; but his nnsucccssful atlompLs
only drew an occasional smile of derision from his ene-
my, as ho glanced his eye rapidly towards him. Con-
scions at leiiglh of the inutility of efforts, which, without
ln;ncfiling linr for whom they were principally prompted,
rendered liini in some degree ridiculous even in his own
oycs, the wretched Vallelort desisted altogether, and
with his head sunk upon his chest, and his eyes closed,
sought at least to shut out a scene which blasted his
sight, and harrowed up his very soul.
But when Clara, uttering her wild cry for protection,
t»nd rn.shing forth from the tent, sank almost uncon-
sciously in his embrace, a thrill of inexplicable joy ran
through each awakened fibre of his frame. Bending
engorly forward, he had extended his arms to receive
her ; and when he felt her light and graceful form
pressing "uiwn his own as its last refuge — when ho felt
her heart beating against his — when he saw her head
drooping on his shoulder, in the wild recklessness of ck>s.
pair, — even ninid that scene of desolation and grief he
could not help enfolding her in tumultous ecstasy to his
breast. Every horrible danger was for in instant
forgotten in the soothing consciousness that he at
length encircled the form of her, whom in many an
hour of solitude he had thus pictured, although under
far ditlbrcnt circumstances, reposing confidingly on him.
There was delight mingled with agony in his senHBlion
of tho wild throb of her bosom against his own ; and
oven while his snul fainted witliin him. as he reflected
on the fate that awaited her, he felt as if he could him-
self now die more happily.
Momentary, however, was tho duration of thi» scene.
Furious with anger at the evident disgust of his victim,
Wacousta no sooner saw her sink into the arms of her
lover, than with that agility for which ho was romorka-
ble he was again on his feet, and stood in the next in-
stant at her side. Uniting to the generous strength of
his manhood all that was wrung from his mingled love
and despair, Iho ofticer clasped his hand round the waist
lof the drooping Clara; and with clenched teeth, and
...•:^.
i ■ »
■': ;:'.:--';5'
.. '■:'
r:M
, ■ - ';;^
■ ■,' ; I
■' 'iii V ■
.- .■• Vi*^'
^^'■■
• .;".i?
f
1
il
^ ^M
' r!
*\-\
. A
! V.
^ ■;
:>;• ,
s ,
.%
> -i-lli
{repaying with a glar. ■•■ of recogniliun and approval. [feet firmly sot, seemed resolved to defy every effort of
*'\
262
WACOUSTA, OR THE PROPHECV.
,1 Wm''
r
!■
■ •iLi'/-' ■
■ r^'i.'l :'
mil'
the warrior to remove licr. Not a word was utlored on
pitlicr side; but in tlic fierce smile llint curled the lip of
the savage, there gpokca language even more terrible
than the words that smile implied. Sir Everard could
not suppress an involuntary shudder; and when at
length Wacousta, after a short but violent struggle, sue.
ccedod in again securing and bearing off his prize, the
wretchedness of soul of the former was indescribable.
"You see 'tis vain to struggle against your destiny,
Clara do Haldimar," sneered the warrior. " Ours is but
a rude nuptial couch, it is true ; but the wife of an
Indian chief must not expect the luxuries of I'Uropo in
tho heart of un-American wilderness."
" Almighty Heaven ! where am I ?" exclaimed the
wretched girl, again unclosing her eyes to all the hor-
ror of her position ; for again she lay at Ihc side, and
within tho encircling arm, of her enemy. ''Oh, Sir
Everard Vallotort, I thought I was with you, and that
you had saved me from this monster. Where is my
brother ? — Where are Frederick and Madeline ? — Why
have they deserted me ? — Ah ! my heart will break, i
cannot endure this longer, and live."
"Clara, Miss de Ilaldimar," groaned Sir Everard, in
n voice of searching agony ; "could I lay down my life
for you, I would ; but you sec these bunds. Oli God !
oh God I have pity on the innocent; and for once in-
cline the heart of yon fierce monster to the whisperings
of mercy." As ho uttcrr J me last sentence, he attempted
to sink on his knees in supplication to Him he addressed,
but the tension of the cord prevented him; yet were his
hands clas|)ed, and his eyes upraised to heaven, while
his countenance beamed with an expression of fervent
enthusiasm,
" Pcaco, babbler ! or, by Heaven 1 that prayer shall
bo your last," vociferated Wacousta. " I3ut no," ho
pursued to himself, dropping at tho same time the
point of his upraised tomahawk ; " these arc hut the
natural writhings of the crushed worm ; and tho longer
protracted they are, the more complete will bo my ven-
geance." Then turning to tho terrified girl, — " You
ask, Clara de Haldimar, where you are ? In the tent of
your mother's lover, I reply, — at the side of him who
once pressed her to his heart, even as I now press you,
and with a fondness that was only equalled by her own.
(^/omc, dear Clara," and his voice assumed a tono or
tenderness that was even more revolting than his natu-
ral ferocity, " let me woo you to the affection she once
possessed. It was a heart of fire in which her image
stood enshrined, — it is a heart of fire still, and well wor-
thy of her child."
" Never, never!" shrieked the agonised girl. "Kill
mo, murder me, if you will ; but on ! if you have pity,
pollute not my ear with the avowal of your detested
love. But again I repeal, it is false that my nmtlier
ever knew you. She never could have loved so fierce,
so vindictive a being as yourself."
'• Ha ! do you doubt me still .'" sternly demanded the
savage. Then drawing tho shuddering girl still closer
to his vast chest. — " Come hither, Clara, while to con-
vince you I unfold tho sad histoty of my life, and tell
you more of your parents than you have ever known-
When," ho pursued solemnly, " you have learnt the ex-
tent of my love for the one, and of my hatred for the
other, and the wrunss I have endured from both, you
will no longer wonder at the spirit of mingled love and
vcngeancu that dictates my conduct towards- yourself.
Listen, girl," he continued fiercely, "and judge whether
mine arc injuries to be tamely purdoiied, when a whole
life has been devoted to the pursuit of the means of
avenging them."
Irresistibly led by a desire to know what possible con-
nection could have existed between her parents and tliis
singular and ferocious man, the wretched girl gave her
passive assent She even hoped tliat, in the course of his
narrative, some sotlening recollections would pass over
his mind, the effect of which might be to predispose him
to mercy. Wacousta buried his face for a few moments
in his large hand, as if endeavouring to collect and con-
centrate the remembrances of past years. His counte-
nance, meanwhile, had undergone a change ; for there
was now a shade of melancholy mixed with the fierceness
of expression usually observable there. This, however,
was dispelled in the course of his narrative, and as va-
rious opposite passions were in turn powerfully and seve-
rally developed.
CHAPTER XXX.
" It is now four and twenty years," eommcnccd Wa-
cousta, '-since your father ond myself first met as
■ubolterns in tho regiment ho now commands, when on
intimacy suddenly sprang up between us, which, as it
was then to our brother officers, has since .been a source
of utter astonishment to myself. He, all coldness, pru-
dence, obsequiousness, and forethought. I, all enthusiasm,
carelessness, imjictuosity, and independence. Whether
this intimacy sprang from the adventitious circumstance
of our being more Irequently thrown together us oiliccrs
of the same company, — for we were both attaclii-d to'tlie
grenadiers, — or that my wild spirit was sootlied by the
bland amenity of his manners, I know not. The latter,
however, is not improbable ; for proud, and haughty, and
dignified, us the colonel nuw is, such was not Iheii the-
character of the ensign ; who seemed thrown out of one
of nature's su|>plest moulds, to fawn, and cringe, and
worm his way to fuvour by the wily s|icciouoness o'" his
manners. Oli God !" pursued Wncoustn, after a momen-
tary pause, and striking his |)alrn against his forehend,
" that I ever should have been the dupe of such a cold-
blooded hypocrite !
" As you have just learnt, Cornwnll is the country of
my birtli. I was the eldest of tlie only two surviving
children of a large family ; and, as heir to the baronetcy
of the proud Mortons, was looked up to by lord and vas-
sal as the future pcrpctuator of the family name. My
brother had been designed for the army ; but as this was
a profession to which I had attached my inclinations, the
point was waived in ray favour, and at the oge of eighteen
I first joined the regiment, then quartered in the
Highlands of Scotland. During my boyhood I had ever
accustomed myself to athletic exercises, and loved to ex-
cite myself by encountering danger in its n\ost terrific
forms.
"The wild daring by which my boylnod had Ireen
marked was powerfully awakened by the bold and ro-
mantic scenery of Ihc Scottish Highlands ; and as the
regiment was at that time quartered in a part of those
mountainous districts, where, from tho disturbed nature
of the times, society was difficult of attainment, many of
the officers were driven from necessity, as I was from
choioc, to indulge in the sports of the chase. On one oc-
casion a party of four of us set out early in the morning
in pursuit of deer, numbers of whieli we knew were to
be met with in the mountainous tracts of Bute and Ar.
gyli'shire. The course we happened to take lay through
a succession of dark deep glens, and over frownmg rocks;
the ditficulties of access to which only stirred up my dor-
mant spirit of enterprise the more. We had continued
in this course for many hours, overcoming one difficulty
only to be encountered by andtlicr, and yet without meet-
ing a single deer ; when, at leugth, the faint blast of a
horn was heard far above our heads in tlic distance, and
presently a noble stag was seen to ascend a ledge of rocks
immediately in front of us. To raise my gun to my
shoulder and fire was the work of a moment, after which
wo all followed in pursuit. On reaching the sjiot where
the deer hud first Iwen seen, we observed traces of blood,
satisfying us he had been wounded ; but the course taken
in his flight was one that seemed to defy every human
effort to follow in. It was a narrow pointed ledge, as-
cending boldly towards a huge cliff that projected frown-
ingly from the extreme summit, and on either side lay a
dark, deep, and apparently fiithomless ravine; to look
even on which was sufficient to appal the stoutest heart,
and unnerve the steadiest brain. For me, however, long
accustomed to dangers of the sort, it had no terror. 1
hud proceeded about five hundred yards further, when I
came to Ihc termination of the ledge, from the equally
narrow transverse extremity of which branched out
three others ; the whole contributing to form a figure re-
sembling that of a trident. Along the ledge I had quit-
ted I had remarked occasional traces where the stricken
deer had passed ; und the same blood-s^uts now directed
me at a point where, but for these, I must have been
utterly a' <i<ult. The centre of these new ridges, and
the narrow !st, was tliat taken by the animni, and on
that I once more renewed my pursuit. 1 continued my
course towards the main body of rnck that now rose
within a hundred yards. How this was lo be gained I
knew not ; for it Rheived out abruptly from the extreme
summit, overhanging the abyss, and presenting an ap-
pearance which I cannot more properly render than by
comparing it to tho sounding-boards placed over -the
pulpits of our English churches. Still I was resolved
to persevere to the close, and I but too unhappily suc-
ceeded.
" It was evident to mo that there must be some open-
ing through which tho deer had effected his osea|>o to
the precipitous height al ovo ; and I felt a wild and fear-
fill triumph in lullowing hiia to his cover, over passes
which it was my plooiurc to think nono of th« hardy
mountaineers themselves would have dared to venturi
upon with impunity. I paused not to consider of the
difficulty of bearing aw-iv my prize, even if I succcfd.
ed in overtaking it- A" ->ery step my excitenionl sa,)
determination '.^c- .i' • !! rr-cr, and I felt every fibwof
my frame to dilr-ic ii" v 'len, iii my more boyish days, 1
used to brave, in ii _ , ''on* ;,•.•"', llic mingled luryof
the warring elcmt : ' k. u and storm. Suddcniv,
while my mind was iii:<int only on the dangers I uicj
tlien to hold in such light estimation, I found my further
progress intercepted by a fissure ir, the crag. It wh
not the width of this opening that disconcerted me, I'm
it exceeded not ten feet ; but I came upon it so unai
visedly, that, in attempting to check my forward motion,
I had nearly lost my equipoise, and fallen into the ahyit
that now yawned before on either side of mo. Tu pouse
ujion the danger, would, I felt, be to ensure it. iSum.
moning all my dexterity into a single bound, I cleared
the chasm ; and with one buskined fiiot (for my hunting
costume was strictly Highland) clung firmly to the
ledge, while I secured my balance with the other. At
this |H>int the rock became gradually broader, so tliatl
now trod the remainder of the rude path in perfect le.
curity, until I at length found myself close lo tite vait
mass of which these ledges were merely ramificilioiu
or veins : but still I could discover no outlet by which
the wounded deer could have escaped. While I lingered,
thoughtfully, for a moment, half in disappointment,
half in anger, and with my back leaning against the
rock, I fancied I heard a rustling, as of the loaves and
branches of underwood, on that part which projected
like a canopy, far above the abyss. I bent my eyes
eagerly and fixedly on the spot whence the sound pro.
ceedcd, and presently could distinguish the blue sky
appearing through an aperture, to which was, the in-
stant afterwards, applied what I conceived to he a hu-
man face. No sooner, however, was it seen than with-
drawn ; and then the rustling of leaves was heard again,
and all was still as before.
"A new direction was now given to my feelings. 1
felt a presentiment tliat my adventure, if proscriilcd,
nould terminate in some extraordinary and character-
Istic manner; and obeying, as I ever did, the first im.
pulse of my heart, 1 prepared to grapple once more with
the difficulties that yet remained to be surmounted. Se-
curing my gun between some twisted roots that grcn
out of and adhered to the main body of the rock, 1 com-
menced the difficult ascent; and, after considerable ef.
fort, found myself at length immediately under the
aperture. My progress along the lower superficies of
this projection was like that of a crawling reptile. M;
back hung suspended over the chasm, into which one
falso movement of hand or foot, one yielding nf the
roots entwined in the rock, must inevitably have precipl.
tatcd me ; and, while my toes wormed themselves into
the tortuous fibres of the latter, I passed hand over hand
beyond my head, until I had arrived within a footer
two of the |)oint I desired to reach. Here, howe\'er,a
new difficulty occurred. A plight projection of the rock,
close to the aperture, impeded my further prcgrnss in
the manner hitherto pursued ; and, to pass this, I was
compelled to drop my whole weight, suspended by one
vigorous arm, while, with the other, I separated the
bushes that concealed tho opening. A violent exertion
of every muscle now impelled me upward, until al
length I had so far succeeded ai to introduce my licid
and shoulders through the aperture; after which m;
final success was no longer doubtful."
One of those painful pauses with which his norrnlln
was often broken, here occurred ; and, with an oner^j
lliat terrified her whom he addressed, Wacousta pursued,
— "Clara de Haldimar, it was here — in this garden—
this paradise — this oasis of tho rocks in which I no*
Ibund myself, that I first saw and loved your mother.
Ha ! you start : you believe me now. Loved her!" he
continued, after another short pause — " oh, what a fee-
ble word is love to express tho concentration of mighty
feelings that flowed like burning lava through my veins!
Who shall pretend to give a name to the emotion that
ron thrillingly — madly through my excited frame, when
first I gazed on hnr, who, in every attribute nf womnnljr
beauty, realised uU my fondest fancy ever paintcd?-
Listen lo me, Clara," ho pursued, in a fiercer tone, and I
with a convulsive pressure of the form he still encircled;
— " If, in inv younger days, my mind was alive to en-
terprise, and loved to conlcroplate danger in its awl
appalling forms, this was far from being the master |iii-
sion of my soul ; nay, it was the strong necessity I felt
of pouring into lome devotod bosom the overflowing fbl-
ncBs of my heart, that made ino court in solitude tliM
positions of
was ever ass
"l have al
the rock, I f<
tains- It w
procipilou-i ci
of the wildea
peiietratiun a
of verdure, a
put so shame
valleys of Ita
" At about
bank, Ibrmed c
tviili rcsos ar
Msis- She, U
gave an air of
was in classic
At ihc iiiomcn
dressing the w
ccrilly 1)0011 sli
perceived attae
lameness of th
denlly a favou
tired at and wo
bushes had atti
from the deer,
ultering a cry (
as if the sound
|iel the illusion
delicious tonsioi
as motionless a:
grow, giizing up
" It was this
ensured me a Co
then enjoycd-
had beon to fly t
short distance, t
ros '^ and honey-
but when she rei
absence of purpo
have directed her
ty, half in fear, to
inent all my ener
myself into an ut
the intrusion of v
and dropping on o
inclined them tow
lion of htir anger,
first she hesitated
I her way to the sei
alarm. Emboldei
or two in advance
I again loo', iu C.'.g'^i
behold a c, and aj
was curij iring her
bless me ivith her |
I seat, and KTain I a
I ever, than the deer
I she fled a third tim
I again induced, by
Frequenlly was th
I self at llie feet, am
I torture in the red
llierfor whose snilk
I sacrificed my soul
I Haldimar ; yes, ovi
I Clara Beverly."
Again Wacousta
I than usual, as, wi
I lace, he sflomod ei
] which these rccolle
I breathed. Unniind
I soul was intent onl
I diiti-ly to her bslovi
Jhithorto known Wai
I and that her futli(«r
I llial country. The
I before lior, so often
I had olready given
jltd^ of the facts jui
Itiulhof hisstateiiie
jbcntachingly towai
linco of his history
laltitudenf absorpli<
I her lo extend her h
l«);8s; they were fill
1 mind rapidly embrai
|oflonderi,css was b
I children of her he
looold not avoid synii
Inesa of appearance
WACOUSTA, OU THE moPHECY.
263
urecl to Ventura
consider of t|ie
an it' I Bucccfd.
exciteiiirnt jnd
Bit every fibre of
e bojmh days,!
mingled fury of
orm. Suddenly,
dangers I uwii
lound my furlher
lie crag. Il wii
loncerled me, foi
upon it BO nniil.
r forward motion,
leii into the ubym
>r mo. Tu pguse
ensure it. tjum.
bound, I cleared
t (for my liunlinj
ng firtnly to the
th the other. At
broader, so lliat I
Ath in perfect te-
' close to tin vait
rely raniifiotioni
outlet by which
While I lingered,
n disappointment,
uningagaimt the
of the loaves nnd
rt which projected
I bent my eyes
ce the sound pro-
nish the blue sky
which was, the in.
coived to he a hii-
1 it seen than with-
es was heard again,
to my feelings. I
iturc, if prosecuted,
ary and characte^
or did, the first im-
pple once more with
be surmounted. Se.
:ed roots that grew
of the rock, I com-
Acr considerable ef-
odiately under the
lower superficiei of
Iwling reptile. M;
[sm, into which one
le yielding nf the
itably have precipi.
led themselves into
ised hand over hand
id within a foot or
Here, however, a
ijcctionoflhorocli,
furtlicr progress in
o pass this, I was
I, suspended by one
|r, I separated the
A violent exertion
upward, until at
[introduce my liead
; after which mj
Ihichhis narrative
\ with an energy
hVacousta pursued,
1— in this gardon-
Is in which 1 now
pvcd your mother,
. Loved her!" be
,-" oh, what s fee.
itration of miftlily
Ithrough my vcini!
1 the emotion that
Icited frame, when
^ibute of woniii'ily
ever painted ?-
t fiercer tone, anil
The still encircled;
Id was alive torn-
Inger in its Oioet
Ig the man tor pu-
Lg necessity I fell
lie overflowing fill'
in solitude llw*
nosiliona <>f danger with which the image of woman
JIns ever associated.
"1 have already said that, on gaining the summit of
ths rock, I found myself in a sort of oasis of the moun-
lains. It was so. Bolted on every hand by bold and
recipilous crags, that sr umud to defy the nppruncii even
''f the wildest animals, and putting utterly at fault the
psfiolration and curiosity of man, was spread a carpet
of verdure, a luxuriance of vegetation, that might have
ot to Khaine the fertility of the soft breezo-nourished
volleys of Italy and Soulliorn Franco.
» At about twenty yards from the aperture, and on a
lunli Ibrnied of lurf, covered with mos:*, and interspersed
,viili 'roses and honey.sucklcs, sat the divinity of the
„ui8. She, too, was clad in the Highland dress, which
«a(0 an air of wildnuss and elegance to her figure that
„as in classic hurniony with the surrounding scenery.
\t the moment of my appearance she was in the act ol
dressing the wounded slmul.ier of a stag that had re-
reiitly bco" ''i°^ > oud from the broad tartan riband I
gCTceived attached to its neck, added to the fact of tlie
lameness of the animal, 1 presumed that this stag, evi-
dently 1 favourite of its iniHircss, was the same 1 had
fired at and wounded. The rustling I made among the
bu»hsa had attracted her attention ; she raised her eyes
from the deer, and, beholding me, started to her feet,
uttering a cry of terror and surprise. Fearing to speak,
UK if the sound of my own voice were sufHcient to dis-
pel the illusion that fascinated both eyo and heart into
delicious tension on her form, I stood tor some moments
as motionless as the rock out of which I appeared to
grow, gazing upon her I was destined to love for ever.
» It was this utter immobility on m^ own part, that
ensured me a Continuance of the exquisite happiness I
then enjoyedi The first movement of the startled girl
had beon to fly towards her dwelling, which stood at a
short distance, half imbedded in the same clustering
ros's and honey-suckles that adorned her bnnk of moss ;
but when she remarked my utter stillness, and apparent
sbsonco of purpose^ she checked the impulse that would
have directed her departure, and stopped, half in curiosi-
ty, half in fear, to examine me once more. At that mo-
ment all my energies appeared to be restored ; I threw
myself into an attitude expressive of deep contrition for
the intrusion of which 1 had been unconsciously guilty,
nnd dropping on ono knee, und raising my clasped hands,
inclined them towards her in token of mingled depreca-
tion of hsr anirer, and respectful homage to herself. At
first she hesitated, — then gradually and timidly retrod
I her way to the seat she Imd so abruptly quitted In her
I alarm. Emboldened by this movement, I mado a step
or two in advance, but no sooner had I done so than she
again loo'. '-^, "'■g'^'- Once inor'e, however, she turned to
behold n c, and again I had dropped on my knoe, and
was conj iring her, with the same signs, to remain and
bless me >vith her presence. Again she returned to her
I test, and aTain I advanced. Scarcely less timid, how-
I ever, than the deer, which followed licf every movenMnt,
I she fled a third time, — a third time looked back, and was
I imu induced, by my supplicating manner, to return.
I Frequently was this repented, before I finally found my-
I self at tlie feet, and pressing the hand-<-(oh God! what
I torture in the recullection !) — yes, pressing the hand of
I licrfor whose smile I would, even at that moment, have
I tacriliced my soul. Such was your mother, Clara do
IHaldiinar; yes, oven such as I have desuiibed her was
t'lara Beverly."
I Again Wacousta paused, and his pauso was longer
Ithju usual, ns, with his large hand again covering his
I face, he seemed endeavouring to master the feelings
1 which these recollections had called up. Clara scarcely
I breathed. Unmindful of her own desolate position, her
Isoulwai intent only on u history tlint related so imme
Idiitoly to lier beloved mother, of whom all that she had
I liithcrto known Was, that she was a native of Scotland,
land that her father had married her while quartered in
Ithit country. The deep emotion of the terrible being
I before lior, so often inanifoslod in tho course of what he
Ihid already given of his recital, added to lior know-
Ik'd^ of the facts just named, scarcely Icll\ a doubt of the
Itrulhol' his statement on Iter mind. Her oar was now
Ibcntaoliingly towards him, in expectation of a continu-
Itnce of his history, but he still remained in the same
liltitude nf absorption. An irresistible impulse caOsed
■ her to extend her hand, and remove his own from his
Ityes: they were filled with tears ; and oven while her
■ mind rapidly embraced the hope tliat this manifestation
lortend<ri,css was but tho dawning mercy tnxtards the
Icbildron of her he had once loved, her kind nature
loeuld not avoid synipathi.sing with him, whose uncouth-
Ineaa of appearance and savageneis of nature were, in
noiiie measure, lost sight of in the fact of tlii! |iowcrful h
love ho yet np|>arently acknowledged.
But no sooner did Wacousta feel the sof^. pressure of
her hand, and meet her eyes turned on his witi\ an ex-
pression of interest, than the most rapid transition was
effected in his feelings. He drew the form of the weakly
rijsiEting girl closer to his heart; again imprinted a kiss
upon her li[)s ; and then, while every muscle in his iron
frame seemed quivering witli emotion, excluimed, — " By
heaven ! that touch, that glance, wore Clara Beverly's.
Yes, Clara," he proceeded more deliberately, as he
scanned her form witli an eye that inado her sliuddur,
" such as your motlicr was, so are you ; the Same deli-
cacy of proportion ; the same graccfiil curvature of liinby
only less rounded, less womanly. But you must be
younger by almut two years tlian she then was."
There was a cool licence of speech — a startling free-
dom of manner — in the latter part of this address, that
disappointed nut less than it pained and ofi'endcd tlie
unhappy Clara. She shuddered; and sigliing bitterly,
suffered her tours to force themselves through her closed
lids upon her pallid cheek. 'I'his change in her appear'
ance seemed to act as a check on the tciii|iorary e.\citc.
ment of Wacousta. Again obeying one of those rapid
transitions of feeling, for which he was rcmarkuble, he
once more assumed an expression ofscrioosncss,' and thus
continued his narrative.
CHAPTER XXXI.
" It boots not now, Clara, to enter upon all that suc-
ceeded to my first introduction to ^our mother. It would
toke long to relate, not the gradations of our [mssion, for
tliat was like the whirlwind of the desert, sudden and dc.
vnstating from the first ; but the burning vow, the
plighted faith, the reposing colifi<lcnce, the unchceked
abandonment that flew from the lips, and filled the heart
of each, sealed, as tliey were, with kisses, long, deep, en-
ervating, even such as I had ever pictured that divine
pledge of human affection should be. Yes, Clara dc
Haldimar, your mother was the child of nature Men.
" I was not always the rugged being I now appear. Of
surpassing strength I had ever been, and fleet of foot;
but not then had 1 attained to my present gigantic sta-
tore ; neither was my form endowed with the same her-
culean rudeness ; nor did my complexion wear the swar-
thy hue of the savage; nor had my features been ren-
dered repulsive, from the pcrpctuol action of thorc fierce
|)assions which have since assailed my soul.
" Yoilr mother had been brought up in solitude, and
without having seen the face of another man than her
father. Colonel Beverley, of English name, but Scottish
connections, Avas an old gentleman of considerable eccen-
tricity of character. He had taken a part in tlic rebel-
lion of 1715 ; but sick and disgusted with an issue by
which his fortunes had been affected, and hcnrt-hrokcn
by the loss of a beloved wile, whose death had been nccc-
lefatcd by circumstances connected with tlic disturbed
nature of'^lhe times, he had resolved to bury himself and
child in some wild, where the face of man, whom he
loatlicd, might no more offend his sight. 'This oasis of
the mountains wos the spot selected for his purpose ; for
he had discovered it some years previously, on on occa-
sion, when, closely pursued by some of tbo English
troops, and separated from his followers, lie had only ef-
fected his escape by venturing on the ledges of rock I
have already described. AtVcr minute subsequent search,
at the opposite extremity of the oblong belt of rocks that
shut it In on every hand, he had discovered nn opening,
through which the transport of such necessaries as were
essential to his otijcct might be effectrd ; and, Causing
one of his dwelling houses to be pulled down, lie had the
materials carried across the rocks on the shoulders of the
men employed to re-crect them in his chosen solitude. A
few months served to complete these arrangements,
which included a garden abounding In every fruit and
flower that coidd possibly live in so elevated a region ;
and this, in time, under his own culture, and that of his
daughter, became the Eden it first appeared to me.
"Previous to tlieir entering on this employment, tJio
workmen had been severally sworn to soCresy ; nnd when
all was declared ready fot his reception, the cobnel sum-
moned them a second time to his presence ; when, after
making a handsome present to each, in addition to his
hire* he found no difficulty in prevailing on them to
renew their oath that they would prcsert'e the most scru-
pulous silence in regard to the place of his retfeat. He
then took advantage of a dark and tempestuous night to
execute his project ; and, attended only by an old woman
and her daughter, faithfiil dependants of the family, set
out in quest of his new abode, leaving all his neighbours
to discuss and marvel at the singularity of his disappear-
ance. True to hfstext^ howevcrf not even a l>oy was ad-
mitted into his houi^hold : and here tliey Imd continued
to live,' unseeing and unseen by man, except when a soli-
tary and distunt mountaineer occasionally flitted among
the rocks below in pursuit of his game. Fruits and ve-
getables composed tlieir jirineipal diet ; but once a fort-
night tlie old woman was despatched through the opening
alieady mentioned, which ■Was at other times so secured
by her master, that no hand but his own could remove
the intricate fastenings, 'i his expedition had for its ob.
ject the purchase of bread and anininl food at tho nearest
market ; and every time slic sallied forth nn oath was
administered to the crone, the pnriwrt of which was, not
only that she would return, unless prevented by violence
or deatli, but that she would not answer any questions
put to her, as to whom she vsas, whence she came, or for
whom the fruits of her niaikcting were intended.
" McnnWhile< wrapped up in his liooks, which wera
chiefly classic authors, or writers on abstruse scirnees,
the niisnnlhropicnl colonel pnid little or no atlenlion to
the cultitntioii of the intellect of his daughter, whom ha
hod merely instructed in the tleincnfary branches of cdn-"
cation ;■ in all which, however, hhe evinced nn aptitude and
[lerfcctibility that indicated quickness of genius and n:
capability of far higher attainments. Books he princi-
pally withheld from her, because tliry brnuglit the imago
of man, whom he haled, and wished she should also hate,
too often in flattering colours before her ; and had any
work treating of love been found to hate crept accident-'
ally into his own collection, it would instantly and in-
dignantly have been committed to the flames^
" Thns left to the action of her owh Iieart-^the gnid..
ance of her own fcelings-'^it was but nati:ral your mo-
ther should hate suftircd her imagination to repose oil nn
ideal happiness, which, although in some degree destitute
of shape nnd character, was still (lowerfully felt. What
dear acknowledgments (ains ! too deceitful) flowed from
her guileless K|)S, etcn ddring our first interview.
" Two long and delicious hours," pursued Wacousta,
after nnofliet' painful paus>c of some moments, " did we
pass together, exchanging thought, and sjjcech, rM heart,
as if the term of our acqunintanCe had been coeval with
the first dawn of our intellcctunt life ; when suddenly a
smart silver-toiied bell was heard from the direction of
the house, hid from the sfiot on which we sat by the luxu-
riam foliage of an ii'ifcrvcning laburnum. This sound
seemed to dissipate tliC dreamy calm tliat had wrapped
the soul of your rnotlitr info forgetfulncss. She started
suddenly up, aiid bade me, if I loved her, begone; as tliat
bell announced her required attendance on her father,
who, now awakened fVom the mid-day slumber in which
he ever indulged, was about to fake his accustomed walk
arobhd the grounds ; which was little else, in fact, than a
close inspection of flie walls of his natural castle. 1 rof a
to obey her : our eyes met, and she threw herself into my
extended arms. VVe whispered anew oUr voWs of eternal
love. She called mc her husband, and t proiioiinccd tlie
endearing name of wife. A burning kiss sealed the com-
pact; and, on her archly observing that the sleep of liei'
father continued about two hours at noon, and that the old
woman and her daughter were alwoys occupied within
doors, I promised to repeof my visit ctery second day un-
til slie finally quitted her retreat to tx; my- own for life.
" One morning I had hastily sketched an outline of
your mother's featnres in jicneili witli a view to assist me
m the design of a miniature I jmrposcd painting froim
nicmory. While occupied Ihc second day in its comple-
tion, it occurred to mc I was in orders for duty on tlic Ibl-
lowing, which Was (hai of my promised visit to the oasis ;
and I despatched niy servant witli my compUiavn}^ to.
your father, and a request that he would bo so okUging a»
to take my guard for me on tlic morrow, ubd I wo«hl
perlbrni Ins duty when next his name appeartd on the
roster. Some time oAcrwards I heard the door of the
room in which I sat open, and some one enter. Presum-
ing it to be my servant, (r«'turncd l>om the e.tceution of
the message with which he had just been charged,) I
paid no attention to the circumstance ; but finding, prc~
sently, he did not speak, I turned round with a view of
demanding what answer he had brought. To my sur.
prise, however, 1 beheld, not my servant, tut your tiithcr.
He was standing looking over my shoulder at the work,
on which 1 was engaged ; and notwithstanding in tiio
instant he resiimed the cold, quiot, smirking look that
usually distinguished him, I thought I could trace tho
evidence of some deep emotion which my action had tud<
dcnly dispelled. He apologised fbr his intfusion, although
we were on those terms that rendered apology unneccs-*
sary, but said he had Just received my message, and pre.
ferrcd coming ip person to asiarc me how happy he
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264
WACOUSTA, OR Tim rROPMECY.
■; rt£,r ;.' :.
^ ^v^S'-. ■•''■;. ■
^v-^^^
t'j
Bhould feci to take my duty, or to render mo any otlior
■ervico in his power. I thoiifrlit ho laid unusual i'in|)lm.
sis on tlic last Kcntcncc; yet I thanked him warmly,
stating that the only service I dhould now exact of liim
would be to take my guard, as I was compelled to be ab-
sent nearly the whole of the following morning. He ob.
served with a smili, he hoped I woe not going to venture
my neck on those dongerous precipices a second time,
after the narrow escape I had had on tlie preceding day.
As ho spoke, I thought his eye met mine with a sly yet
Bcrutinjsing glance ; and, not wishing to reply immedi-
ately to his question, I asked him what he thought of the
work with which I was endeavouring to boguiln an idle
hour. Ho took it up, and I watched the expression of
his handsome countenance with tho an.xicty of a lover
who wishes tliat all should think his mistress beautiful
as he does himself. It betrayed a very indefinite sort of
admiration; ond yet it struck mo there was nn eager-
ness in his dilating cyu that contrasted strongly will) the
calm and unconcern of his other features. At length I
asked him laughingly, what ho thought of my Cornish
cousin. He replied, cautiously enough, that since it was
the likeness of a cousin, and he dwelt emphatically on
tlie word, he could not fail tn admire it. Candour, how-
ever, compelled him to admit, that had I notdielaied the
original to be one so closely connected with me, he
should have said tlio talent of so perfect an artist might
have been better employed.
" Tho next day saw me again at the side of yo.ir
mother, who received me with the same artless dcmon-
stratiuns of affection. Af\cr tlic first full and unreserved
interchange of our souls' best feelings, our converHtition
turned upon lighter topics; and I took an upportunily to
produce the fruit of my apphcalion since wo had parted.
Never shall I forget the surprise and di light that ani-
mated her beautiful cotmtennnce when first she irazod
u|ion the miniature. She expressed a strong desire to
retain it; and to this I readily assented; stipulating only
to keep it until my next visit, in order that I might t:ike
an exact copy for myself. Slie herself, slio said, had not
been idle. Although her pencil could nnt call up niy
image in the same manner, her pen had better repaid
her exertions; and, in return for the portrait she would
give me a letter she had written to beguile her loneliness
on the preceding day. As she spoke she drew a sealed
packet from the l>osoni of her dress, and jilaeini: it in my
iiand, desired me not to read it until I had r<u;rnud to
my home. But there was an expression of swirl eoiiCu-
sion in her lovely eoutitenaner, and .i trepidation in her
manner, that, half disclosing the truth, ri ndeied toe ut-
terly impatient ol the delay im|iosed; ond <'ag<rly liriak-
ing the seal, I devoured rather than read its enntents.
" Accursid madness of recollection !" pursued \Va-
cousta, again striking his lirow violently with his hand, —
" why is it that I ever feci thus unarmed while reei.rring
to lho<e letters ? Oh ! ("lara de Ualdimar, never did wo.
man [s^n to uian such deelaratimis of lenderni'ss and al-
tachnu nt as that too dear but faithless Utter of vour mo.
tlier contained. All coufidingiiess, she sank Fur head
upon my chest, which heaved scarcely less wildly than
her own.
"The hour of parting at length nnivcd, nnnonnecd, as
before, by the small Itell of her father, and I ugaiu tore
myself I'rom her arms."
CriAPTKIl XXXII.
" Nearly a month passed awny in this manner; and al
each interview our atfeetinu seemed to increase. (.)ne
day, While pr^'paring tn set out on my eustonniry ex' ,ir-
*iun, a re|)ort suddenly reaihed me that the route had
arrived for the regiment, who were to mar>'li from
within three days. This intelligence I received with in-
( .. leeivable didight ; liir it hud lirin settled Ik tween your
mother .md myscir, that this should be the moment elio-
tvn for her deoartu.e.
" With a glowing cheek, and a counlennnco radiant
with hapuiness, did yoiu' mother reeeivo my proposal to
prepare lor her departure on the following day. .'<lie was
Biiirieieiilly aware, even through what l Find slated my-
silf, that there were ecilain terrmonics of Ihii church to
U> [sTformed, in order to give sanctity to our union, and
ensure her own jMirsimal res|irctiibilily in tli« world; and
these, I told her, wo\ihl Iki selenuiimxl by tint ehnplniu of
the regiment. She implicilly conftdid In me; and shi
was right ; lor I lovwl Inr too well to make her niy nus-
Iross, whilu no harrhir rxiilol d her claim to a dearer
title.
"The only dlllleidly thsl \in\.- oeciirnd was the man.
ner of licr tfiglit. I had piiipufic'', as llie most fcivilili
and /ationni pKin, thai the euluncl should \v compilkd to
give us egress through the secret passage, when we
might command the services of the old woiniin to guidt-
us through the pass s th.it led to the town; Imt to this
your mixJicr most urgently objected, declaring that she
would rather encounter any personal peril that might
attend her escape in a diflerent maimer, than appear to
bo a participator in nn act of violence against her paieni,
whose obstinacy of chnrneter sho moreover knew too well
to Icavo a hope of his being intimidated into the accom-
plishment of our object, even by a threat of death itself.
This plan I was therefore compelled to abandon; and as
neither ef us were able to discover the passage by which
the deer always effected its entrance, I was obliged to fix
upon one, which it was agreed should be put in practice
on the following day.
" On my return, I occupied myself with preparations
for the reception of her wlio was so speedily to become
my wife, tlnwilling that she should be seen by any of
my companions, mitil the ceremony was finally per-
formed, I engaged aportnients in t small retired cottage,
distant about half a mile from the furthest extremity of
the town, where I pur|)osed she should remain until the
regiment finally quitted tho station. This point secured,
I hastened to the quarters of the chaplain, to engage his
Esrviccs for the following evening; but ho was from liomc
at tho time, and I repaired to my own rooms, to prepare
the means of esea|)e for your mother. These occupicil
me until a very late hour; and when at length I retired
to rest, it was only to indulge in the fondest imaginings
that ever filled the heart of a devoted lover. Alas! (and
the dark warrior again sighed heavily) the day-dreoin of
my happiness was already liist drawing to a close.
" At half an hour before noon, I was again in the
oasis; your mother was at the wonted spot; and although
she received nic with her sunniest smiles, there were
traces of tears ujion her cheek. She iujplored nie to for-
give .'cr weakness ; but it was the first time she was to
be se|Kiratcil from her parent ; ond conscious os she was
that it was to be for ever, she could not repress the feel-
ing that rose, despite of herself, to hur heart. She had,
however, prepared a letter, at my suggestion, to bo 'eft
on her favourite iross seat, where it was likely she would
first be sought by her father, to assure him oflicr safety,
and of her pros|)ects of future happiness; and tho con-
sciousness that he wotdd labour under no harrowing un-
c certainly in regard to her fate, seemed, at length, to
soothe and satisfy her heart.
" I now led her to the a|)erture, where I had left the
apparatus provided for my purpose: this consisted of a
close netting, oliout four leel in depth, with a board for
a fuotstcKd al the bottom, and furnished at intervals with
hoops, so as to keep it lull and o|ien. The lop of this
IK lling was provided with two handles, to which were
attached the ends of a cord many fathoms in letigth ; the
whole of such durability, as to hove Imrne wcight-s cipial
to those of three ordinary sized men, with which I had
proved it prior to my setting out. My first eare was to
baiulage the eyes of your mother, (who willingly and
fearlessly submitted to all I pre|)osetl,) that she might
not see, and ln'cuuie fiiint with seeing, the terrible chasm
over which sho was alsmt to bu supended. I then plaecil
her within the netting, which, filling closely to her per-
son, and rcDching under her arms, eomidetcly secured
her; and my next urgent request was, tlinl she would
not, nn any ueeount, remove the bandage, or make the
«lii;hleHt movement, when she found herself stationary
below, until I had joined her. I then dropped her gently
through the a)KTlure, lowering futlinm am r fathom of
the ro|M', the ends of which I had firudy secured round
the trunk of a tree, as an additional safeguard, until she
finally came on a level with that part of the elilf .in which
I had re|Hised when first she Isdield me. As rhe still hung
iuimcdialely over the obyss, it was neeessary to give a
gradual im|H'lus to her weight, to enable her to giiin the
landing-place. I now, theri'fore, eoiumeniid swiuijint;
her to anil fro, until she at leiitrth came so near the puiiil
ilcslicd, Hint I clearly saw the princijKil dilfieiilty was
surmounted. The necessary moiiiin having Imcii given
to the hiilanee, with one vigorous and final iiiipnlsion I
dexterously ri.iitrived to de|)osil her several fi'ct IVoin the
edge of the lower rock, when, slaekcning tlie rope on I'll
instant, I had the inexpressible (atisfaetion to see that
sho remained firm and stationary. Tho v viiig of her
scarf immediiilely afterwards (u signal previously agieed
U|Min), aiiiiouneed she had sustained no injury in this
rather rude eollision with the rock, and 1 in turn coin-
iiieneid my descent.
" I'earing to east away the ends of Iho rone, lest Ihiir
weight should by any elinnce aircci the 1ml iiie of llir
fiHiting your mother liiul obtained, I now sieiircd tliciii
around my lukns, and aeuomplishing my descent in the
customary manner, spcidily found myself once moro u
the side of iny h^irl's dearest treasure. I prepared to
ex( cute the remainder of my task ; and ogahi applied
tile bandage to her eycf, s.iying tliat, although the (jiin.
cipal danger was over, still there was another I could not
bear she shouhl Icok upon.
" Disengaging the rope from the handles of tlin tat.
ling, I now applied to these a broad leathern belt, amj
stooping witli my back to the cherished burden with
which 1 w.is about to charge myself, passed tlie centrcof
the belt across my chest, much in the manner in whidi
as you arc aware, Indian women airry their infant rliil.
dren. As on additional [recaulion, I had secured tlie
netting round my waist h) a strong lacing of cord, and
then raising myself to my full height, and satisfying my.
self of the perfect freedom of action of my limbs, seiied
a long balancing pole I had left suspended against llie
rock at my last visit, and commenced my descent of tho
sloping ridge. On approaching tlie horrible chasm,!
feeling of fiiintness canio over nic, despite of the con.
fideiiee with which I had previously armed myself. 'Ua,
however, was but momentary. Sensible that every thiiii
depended on rapidity of movement, I |>auscd not in nir
course ; but, quickening my pace as I gradually drew
nearer, gave tho necessary impetus to my motiiin, imd
cleared the gap with a facility far exceeding what had
distinguished my first passage, and which was the frnii
of constant practice alone. Here my balance was tiu.
taiiied by the pole; and at length I had the inexpressible
satisfaction to find myself at the very extremity of tlit
ridge, and immediately at the |Hiint where I had left my
eompanions in my first momorabic pursuit.
" In tho dsep transport of my joy, I once more threw
myself on my knees in sjieechless thanksgiving tu I'ro.
vidence for the complete success of my uiidortakin|r.
Your mother, whom I had ]irtviously released from licr
confinement, did the some; and at that moment tlie
union of our hearts seemed to bo cemented by a divine
infiuence, manifested in tlie fulness of the gratitudr of
each. 'J'hrowing over her shoulders tlie mantle of i
youth, which I had secreted near the spot, I enjoined licr
to follow me closely in the path I was about to pursui.
" I have not liillierlo found it necessary to state," con.
tinned Waconsti, his brow lowering with fierce anil
gloomy thought, " that more Ihim once, latterly, on hit
return from the oasis, which was usually at a utatiil I
hour, I had observed a fiuntcr hovering near Hie (ml of I
the ledge, yet quickly retreating as I iidvanccd. 'I'liirc I
was something in the figure of this man that rccollrdlo
my recollection the form of your lather; but ever, on :iij
ii'lurn to quarters, 1 found him in uniform, and cxiillnl.
iiigany tiling but the oppeaiunee of one wholmd riccnily
been threading his weary way among rocks and I'atl.
iiesKcs. Hesides, the iinprolxibllity of this fuel was n I
griwit, tiiat it occupied not my attention beyond tlic |iaa. I
iiig moment. On the present occasion, however, I law [
the same hunter, and was more forcibly than ever struck I
liy the rcsemblaneo to my friend. I'rior to my qiiiliini; I
the point where 1 had liberati'd your mother from llic I
iielliiig, I had, in addition to the disguise nf the cloak, [
fiiimd it nccesiJary to make some alteration in tlicu. I
rangement nf her hair; tli>' redundancy of which, at it I
flouted gracefiilly over her iHilishud neck, was in iliclfl
sutlieieiit to lietray her sex. With this view I hud K-t
moved her plumed Imnnet. It was the first tiiiio I hiill
seen her without it; and so ileeply impressed wni I li;l
the aiifrel like ehorneter of the extreme li'iniiiine bcaul;l
she, more than ever, then exhibited, that I knelt in lilcnll
adoration tor some niunients at her feet, my eyis sndl
countentineo alone expressing the fervent uiiii aliiinti
holy emotion of my enraptured soul. I
" Immcdiatelv we pursued our course; and after ill
hour's rather lalHuious exertion, nt length cnicrgcd froial
the succession of glens and rocks that lay in iiiir «i;il
\\ lien, skirting the valliy in which tho town was Kitiiiird,!
we finally reached Ihc ei.ll,igc where I had scruriil mjl
lo Igiii^, I'rcvioUH to eiileiing it, I hid told yniir laiillir'J
tliiil liir the few hours that would iiilcrviiic befori' "ill
marring!' ecreinony could Isi |x'rforiiied, I shouhl, li) »i;l
of hilling the curiosity of her hoslcss, iiilrodiicc lirrifil
near relative of my own. This I diil accordingly; iwil
having seen that cviry thing was eomforlalily urr.in{i<ll
for licr convenience, and iccommcnding her slroiitljlil
thu cure of the old woman, I sel ofl* once more in *< ir>l>I
of the ehnplain of the regiment. Hefiir. I ciuild reitkr
his residence, however, I was met by n crgcanl nf nitl
cnmpaiiy.who came running towards nic, cvidi'iilly»illf
^oiiic iiilclligcnee of nioincnt. He staled, that iii)' |"<
s iicc «ns icoiiircd without delay. The grcnadii r», wilH
the senior subullcrn, were in orders fiir dduclitiiriil «
nn iinpoitaiit (crvlce; and considcrnble disiilnirurr M
■ '.:/'
WACOl'STA, Oil THE PnOPHECY.
265
once morn n
] prepared lo
ognhi applied
ough the |iiin.
ibvr I couM not
lies of llin ntl.
ithcrn belt, and
id burden with
)ed the centre of
anncr in wliicii,
iheir infant rhil.
lad secured tlie
ing of eord, and
id aatisfying m;-
my limbs, eeiied
idcd against tbe
ly descent of llig
lorriblc chasm,!
spite of the con.
ncd myself. Tliii,
! that every thinj
lauscd not in in;
1 gradually drew
I my motion, and
;ecdmg what had
lieh was the frnit
balance was im-
1 tbc incxprcssibit
^ extremity of th«
here I liad lel\ m;
rsuit.
I once more thr««
inksgiving to I'ro.
r niy nndertakinjr,
released from lict
tlint niomrnt llie
iicntcd by n ilivine
of the gratitude of
B tlic mantle »f >
spot, 1 onjonu'd hti
L8 about to pursue.
ssary to state," con.
ig with fiircc md
nee, latterly, on nij
usually nt a slalid
ng near tlic end of
1 ailvunci'd. Thtrc
man that recalled lo
ler; hut ever, on ;n J
niftirni, and exhibit-
no wlioliad rianlly
ng rocks and fail-
of this fact was m
[ion b<7ond the p«»
ion, liowevir, I «w
ibly than ev<r slruek
rior to my <|»'""l!
ir mother from ll«
Bguisi! of the cUk,
lilleralion in the "•
uicy of which, ai ill
neck, was in ilftll'l
this view 1 hod tt-
he first li""' > ''"'
.inpreBsed was 1 lij
nir feniininc bcMlJ
thiit 1 knelt in likal
|r feel, my evcii anil
fervent oiul olinml
lourse; Rixl after «i
ength cniergcd li««
■nil lay in our m\
Im town was sitmH
I had sernretl i»j'
i,d tohl ynur umllHiJ
liulirvinc lcfi'f>' iti'l
led, I should, h) "I
Is, introduce licrtnj
lid accordingly 1 •"'•
liunfortably nrranj"!
iling hur slronjlj tjl
once more in i"«"*l
lofor. 1 could r"<M
rgrant of ni||
■ ,w, evnirnlly "i*^
Btnteil, that my I*
Iriie grrnadier», »|«
lor ill Imhnient *
hlc di"l'Kiif"'^' '""
Ix^n iiianilcslod by tbc colonel ul my absence, e»i)e(ially
of liilo I had greatly neglected my iiiilitary duties.
lie liad b<'Cii looUnig I'or me every where, he said, but
williDUt success, when Ensign dc Hahlimar bud pointed
out to liiin •" *^''"'' direction it woh likely I might be
'• With a boating heart did I asssumc an uniform tlint
mii-rareil, at that moment, hideous in my eyes ; yet I was
not without a boiic I might yet get oH" tiiis ill-timed duty.
Before I bad comidcted my equipment, your father en-
lered my nuartcrs; and when I first glanced my eye full
uiHin lii», I tliodgbt his countenance exhibited evidences
of confusion. Tliiii immediately rem'p.ded mc of the
unknown hunter, and I nsked him if he was not the por-
«on 1 descrils'd. His answer was not a positive denial,
bat a mixture of raillery and surprise that lulled my
doaliti, enfeebled as they were by the restored calm of
liis features. I then told him that I had a particular fa-
vour to ask of him, \vlih;h,in consideration of our friend-
■lii|i,l trusted he would not refuse; and timt was, to take
my duly <u tlic c.\|iedition about to set forth. His man-
ner implied concern; and iic asked, with a look that had
much deliberate expression in it, ' if I was aware that it
was a duty in which blood was expected to Ix; shed? He
could not suppose that any consideration would induce
me to resign my iliity to another oflicer, when apprised
of this fuel.' All this was said with the air of one really
interested in my honour; but in my increasing impa-
tience, I told bini I wanted none of his rant; I simply
uked him a favour, which he would grant or decline ns
he thouijht proper. This was a harslmess of language I
had never indulged in; but iriy mind was sore under the
existing causes of my annoyance, and I could not lH:ar to
have my motives reflected on nt a moment when my
heart was torn with all the agonies attendant on the
pojilion in which I found myself placed. His cheek
paled and fluslii d more than once, bi^foro he replied,
'lliat in spite of my unkindness bis frieiiilship might in
diico him to do much for ine, even as be had hilherto
done, hut that on the present occasion it rested not with
him. In order to juslily himself he would no longer dis-
(Tui*' llic fact from mo, that the colonel had declared, in
the presence of the whole regiment, I should take my
(hily regularly in future, and not bo suH'ered to make a
convenience of the service any longer. It', however, be
jcould do any thing for me during my absence, I had but
to enmiii ind him.
" tVliit I was yet giving vent, in no very measured
[terms to the indign.ition 1 felt nt lieiiig made the subject
if {HiMIe cenmre by the colonel, the same m'rgeant eame
inio the room, nnnoiineing thai tiio company were only
ju.iitiai! for inn to march, and thai the enlonel desired my
iwtan' pri'senee. In the agitation of my feelings, I
mly knuw what I did, putting several |«)rtions of my
Hinientil equipment on so completely awry, that your
father nnii ^ed and roetified the errors I had eominitted ;
hile again, in the presence of the sergeant, i expressed
the dee|H'.st regret he could not relievo me from a duly
M wak hati-riil to the last degree.
"Torn with agony nt the tliougbt of i!;o uncertainty
which 1 was C(nn|M'lled to leave lierwhom I so fondly
bred, I had now no other nllernntive than lo make a
rtial coufdant of your father. I told him that in the
ita;c nbieli I |M)iiited out he would liiul the original
the |K)rtraii he had scon me painting on n former oe-
lioii,— the ( 'ornisli cousin, whose Ixinuly he professed
hiilil nn cheaply. More bo slioiild know of her on my
turn ; but nt present I contidcd her to bis honour, and
med lie would prove his friendship lor me by render-
I her wliulever nitenlion she night require in her
ble n'lHide. With thest! hurried injimetiuns be pro-
iiv'd lo eoinply ; and it has olVn oeeurred lo iiie since,
llliouith I iliil not remark it at thu time, Ibut while his
ire and luanucr were enliil, there was n burning glow
II his liaiiilso lie cheek, and a supprcNsid exullalinii in
,thiit I had never observed on etiher lielnri'. I
n ipiilli'd the room; and hastening to my "ompnnv
i|lh a ifliHiiu on my brow llmt indieated the wrelehiil'
»r my iiivvari spirit, was nimiii ulVrwiirds on the
h from . '
V,
I HAPTKU XXXUI.
'ir, hitlierlii, Clura de llahliiiiar, I have l>oen miniile
I IliF detail of nil that utlcnded my eoniieeliiin with
m m'.tlier, it h r In ,n with a view lo prove lo you
Wili'i'ply I have Imtii injured; but I have now Arrived
|a |«rl of my hisli.ry , when lo linger on the pusi vvouhl
[111 me iiitii madiinns, nnd render me unlit for tlie pur-
do *hirb I 'lave devoted nivn If.
'Will you credit Hie mnnatrous Iriilli," be nilileil, in a
tN eiuiiHised whis|s'r, while he bent enjrrljf ovor
tbe liirmof the trembling yet attentive girl, "when 1 tell
you that, on my return from that fatal cx|wdition, during
my conlimianec on which her image bad never once been
absent fniiii niy mind, I foniid Clara Beverley the witi-
of l)e Hahlimar? To what satanie arts fo calculating a
vill.iin could have bad recourse lo efi'ect his object I know
not; but it is not the less true, that she, from whom my
previous history must have taught you to expect the
purity of intention and conduct of an angel, hecunie his
wife, — and I a being accursed among men." Here the
agitation of Waeousta became terrific. The labouring
of his chest was like that of one conv iscd with some
racking agony ; ami the swollen veins nnd arteries of bis
bead seemed to thrciilcn the e.\linction of life in some
tearful paroxysm. At length h.^ burst into aviohntlit rl
tears, more appalling, in one of his iron nature, than the
fur^ which bad preceded it, — and it was many minutes
bcloic he could so far compose himself as to rci-unie.
"Think not, Clara do Iluidiinar, I speak withnit the
proof. Her own words confessed, her own lips avowed
it, and yet I neither slew her, nor her paramour, nor
myself. On my return to the regiment X had flown to
the cottage, on the wings of the most impatient and
tender love that ever filled the bosom of man lor woman.
To my eiKpiiries the landlady replied, that my cousin bad
been married two days previously, by the military chap-
lain, to |i liaiidsomc young ollicer, who had visited her
soon aller my departure, and was constantly with her
from that moment; and that immediately aller the cere-
mony they bud left, hut she knew not whither. Wild,
desperate, almost bereft of reason, ar ' .villi a lunrl
Iwuiiding against my bosom, as if each agonising throb
were to be its last, I ran like n maniac back into the
town, nor |»iused till I found iiiysidf in the presence o(
your father. My mind was a volcano, but still I attempt-
ed to be ealip, even while I charged him, in the most out-
rageous terins, with bis villuny. Deny it he could not;
hut, fur from excusing il, he boldly avowed and justified
Hie step be had taken, intimaling, with a smile full of
meaning, then was nothing in n conneclion with tlie
family of Do Halilinmr to rillcct diigrace on the ennsin
of Sir [{eirinahl Morion; and that the highest eomplimenl
he emilil pay his friend was to atlaeli himself to one
ivhoiii that friend bad decl.ireil lo be so near a relative of
his own. Tliere was a eoliliiss of taunt in these re.
murks, that implied bis sriise of the deception I had
practised on him, in regard to the true nature of the re-
iationsliip; and for a inomcnl, while luy hand firmly
grasjx'd the hilt of my sword, I hesilated whether 1
sliniild not cut him down nt iiiy fe^ I : I had seU-^ommand,
however, lo abstain from the i.nli.if,'e, mid I have olleii
since regretted I had. My own blood conhl fiave been
but spilt in atonement for my just revi nge ; and as liir
the oliliMpiy atlaebed to the mi niory of the assassin, il
could not have been more bitter than tliut which has fill-
hiweil me Ibrmigli life.
" For weeks I was insensible to any thing but the
ilreuilliil shock my smil bud sustained. A heavy stupor
weighed me down, and fur a isriod it was snp|H)sed my
riwson was overtlirown : no sneli merey was reserved for
nie. The refriiiienl .lud i|uilleil the Hii;h!aiids,aiid were
now slutioiiary in , vvliilber i liadaeeoinpanied il
in arrest. The resloralioii of my faenllies whhIIic signui
I'or new pcrsceulions. .'Scarcely had the medical oll;cers
re|Mirlcd me lit lo sustain tlie orileul, when a eonrl.ninr-
liul was asseinbl.'il lo try mc on a uiriely of ehuiges.
Who wns my prosecutor t I.iHlcii,('laia," and he shook
her violently by the arm. ." He who hm' robbed me of all
that g.ive value lo life, and iineiilive lolionour, -be who,
iiniler the guise of fricndsliip, hail slolin into the I'ldeii of
my love, .iiid left it iHirriidiKS of aH'cclion. Iii .i word,
yon detesti'd governor, to whose inlmmun i rnelly even
the son of my brother has, by some strr. ige fatalily of eo-
ineiih'iiee, so reiciitly fallen a second sacrifice. Curses,
curses, III him," he pursued, with frightful vehemence,
half rising as he s|Mike, and holding lorth his right nriii
in n menai ii.g allitnde; " hut liic lioiir of relribiilion is
ut band, and revenge, the exebisive pnssiiui of l' " gods,
shall at li'iiglli 1 1' I. me. In no other euunlry in the world
— under no other i ircumstaiiccH than the presiiit — co.dil
1 have so secured it
" What i.eiu the charges prrfrrreH against lue ?" he
cuntinued, with a viol, nee that almost petrified the un-
happy girl. " llciir lliem,anil judge whether I have not
cause for the levliiitriiisbiiide mile that rankles at my
heart. livery hillii : ili«ol«dn nee of orders — every |Nir-
linl neglect of duly lli.il loiild 1m' rnl.ed up -was Im'nreil
into n s|H'eilie eliargi ; and, as I huvenhi inly admitlid I
Imil hillerly li.iiisgrissed not n llllh' In this r.'s|H't t,tln'se
were niiniernus eiioiiijh. Yel lliey weie but pri'|niralorv
tn ollivrs gf greater ma|{niludu. \\ ill juii, cun }'ou belli ve
any tiling half so atrocious, as that your father chould Imvo
called on a petty oflicer not only to prove some violent and
insubordinate laiignagc I hud used in reference to tlio
cominnnding oflicer in my own rooms, but also to sub-
stantiate a clinrge of cowardice, grounded on the unwill-
ingiicHS I bad expressed to accompany tbc expedition,
and the extraordinary Irepidulion 1 had evinced, while
preparing for the duty, maiiil'esled, ns it was stated lo be,
by the various errors be bud rectified in my equipment
with his own bund ? Yes, even this pitiful chnrge was
one of the many preferred; but the seveicst was that
which he liad the nnbhisliiiig ifl'ronlery to make the sub-
ject of public investigation, rather than of private redress
— the blow I hud struck him in bis own uparlnKiilp.
And who was bis witness in this inonslrous elinrge? —
your mother, t'larn. Yea, I stood us a criminal in her
presence ; and yet she came forward lo li ndcr an evi-
dence that was lo consign nie to a disgraceful sentence.
.My vile prosecutor had, moreover, the encoiiragemenf,
the sanction of his colonel thronglioul, and by him be was
upheld in every contemptible charge his ingenuity could
devise. Uo you iigt anticipate the result ? — 1 was found
guilty, nnd dismissed the service.
" What agonies of mind I endured, — what burning
tears I nightly shcdniHin a pillow I was deslincd to press
in freezing loneliness, — what hours of solilude I passed,
fur from the huiints of my fcllow-iiicn, and forming plans
of vengeance, — it would take iiiiich longer time lo relate
than 1 have actually U'slowcd on my unhappy history.
To comprehend their extent and force you must under-
stand the heart of fire in which tbe deep sense of in.
jury had taken root; hut the night wears away, and
briefly told must lie the remainder of my tale. Tlio re-
bellion of forty-five saw me in arms in the Scutiish
ranks; nnd, in one instance, opjiosed to the regiment
friiiii which I had been so ignoniiniously expelled. Never
did revenge glow like a living lire in the heart of man as
il dill in mine; for 11..' elliet of my long brooding in soli-
tude had been to inspire me with a di lehtation, not mere-
ly for those w bo had been most rancorous in their i nmily,
but for every thing that wore the uniform, from thoconi-
niamling ollicer down to the iiuvinest private. Kvery
blow that 1 deah, every life that I sacrilicid, was an in-
sult wnshid away liom my attainted honour; but liim
whom I most sought in the melt'e I iiiver could reach.
At h'nglli the corps lo which 1 had attaehi d iiiyi-cif was
repulsed, mil I snw, with rage in my heart, that my
enemy still lived lo triiinipb in the friiif of his villuny.
" Altboiigh I was grown considerably in stulure nt this
|M'riiid, and was otherwise greiilly m.ercd ill appearance,
I had been recognised in the action by mmibers of the
regiment; ami, iniliiil, iiiore llinii onie I had, in ilie in-
loxicalion of my rage, aieonipanied the Ide'v that slew or
inaimi d one ol my foMiier nssoeiales with a dii larution
ofllie iiai'ie of him who inlliiti d it. The lonsiqiienco
was, I was di iiiuinced as a rebel nnd un onllaw, and a
price was put U|«in my heail. /\eeiistomed, be-viver, as
I had ever hti ii, lo rocks and I'asim sses, I hail no difli-
cully in eliidi.ig the vigilance of those who were sent in
piirsiiil of me; and thus compelled lo live whidly apart
from my spei iei^ I nl lenglli learned lohate lhcni,ond to
know llial man is the niily i in my of man upon earth.
" A ihnnge now cuineoMT the spirit of my vciigeBncr;
for about Ibis [nriisl your im llicr died, .''be was the only
being I had iverliK.ked upmi with liinilness; ai<d deeply
even as I had been iiijureil by her, i wept her memory
with many a scalding leiir. This, however, only in-
creased my hatred for Itini who had rioted in her heniily
and siipphinlid me in her ili voliihiess. I hnd the iiienns
of learning, occasionally, all Ibiil passed in the regiment,
aeil Ihe same aieouiil lliiil liroii|<lil me llie m ws of your
iiiollier's death, also gave ine llie inlelligi iii e that thrco
ehihlien he I N'rii the fruit of her union with I)e Iluldl-
ma>'. I heard moreover, (nnd Ibis gave me pleasure,)
that |li< ir father doaled on Ihein; nnd from that moment
I resolved to turn ins cup of joy into hitlerniss, even ns ho
bad turned mine. I no longer soiiglil bis life; for the
lealoiisy llmt bad hull' impcUeil that thirst existed no
longer: but, ilei miiig his cold nature at least nceessiblr
thruugh ois parental atl'eelioii. I was resolved flint in his
ehilihen he should siifli r a portion of the agonies he bail
inlliitid on nie. I •.vailed, liowi viT, iinlil they should
be grown up to nil nge when Ihe heart of llie parent
would Im' more likely to inmirii Iheir hiss; and llivii I
was delermined my vengeance should Im' eomplele.
"Cirenmslanees singuhirly favoured my design. Many
VI an alb rwnrds, the regiiiieiil fornieil one of the ex|>i'dl-
lioii agoinsl (Jill bee imilir ti'iiieral Wolfe. Thev wer«
loiimuiiidid by your liilhiT, who, in the eourn' of pronin-
lion, Olid iihlnlnid Ihe lieiil naiilenl. neley ; nnd I ob.
M rvid by the urmy lisl.llmt i lubulttrnol'ljiemme nnnie,
v!,
ii(.y. :■,',,) ■'^■■: *
■ .K
* K
•*
■i'-
266
WACOUSTA, OR TllK PROPHECY.
I
whom I presumed to be his eldest son, was in the corps.
Here was a field tbr my vengeance beyond any 1 could
have liopcd for. I contrived to pass over into Cornwall,
the ban of outlawry being still unrepealed : and having
prociured from my brotlicr a sum sufficient for my necessi-
ties, and bade him an eternal farewell, embarked in a fish-
ing-boat for the coast of Frajice, whence I subsequently
took a passage to this country. At Montreal I found the
French general, who gladly received my Qllcgiance as a
subject of France, and gave me a commission in ont of
the provincial corps that usually served in concert with
our Indian allies. With the general I soon became a fa-
vourite ; and, as a mark of his confidence, at the attack on
Quebec, he entrusted me with the command ofa detached
irregular force, consisting partly of Canadians and partly
of Indians, intended to harass the flanks of the liritish
army. This gave me an opportunity of being at what-
ever point of the field I might think most favourable to my
design ; and I was too familiar with the detested uniform
of the regiment not to be able to distinguish it from afur,
In a word, Clara, for Iain weary of my own tale, in that
engagement I had an opportunity of recognising your
brother. Ho struck me by his martial appearance as he
encouraged his grenadiers to the attack of the French
columns ; and, as I turned my eye upon him in admira-
tion, I was stung to the soul by his resemblance to his
father. Vengeance thrilled tliroughout every fibreof my
frame at that moment. The opportunity I had long
sought was ut length arrived ; and already, in anticipa-
tion, I enjoyed the con(|ue»t his full would occasion (o my
enemy. I rushed within u few feet of my victim ; but
ihc bullet aimed at his heiirt was received in the breast of
a faithful soldier, who had flown to intercept it. How 1
cursed the meddler tijr his officiousness 1"
"Oh, that soldier was your nephew," rngorly inter-
rupted tMara, pointing towards her cnmpaninn, who had
fallen into a profound i-luuiber, " the husband of this un-
fortunate wom.in. Frank Halloway (lor by that name
was he alone known in Ihe regiment) loved my brother
as though he had hi en of the same blood. He it was
who flew to receive III" bull that was (lestincd for ano-
ther. Hut I nursed liim on his couch of sutfering, and
with my own hands prepared his food and dressed his
wound. Oh, if pily can touch your heart (anrt I will not
believe that a heart Ihat once f'ell as you say yours has
fell, caii be inaccessible to pity,) let the recollection of
your nephew's devotedness to my mother's child disarm
you of vengeance, and induce you to restore us !"
"Never!" thundered Wacousia, — "never! The very
circumstance you have now luimeil is an additional incen-
tive to my vengeance. My nephew saved the lili: of your
brother at the iia/ard of his own; and how has he been
rewarded for tlie generous deed ? By an ignominious
death, inflicted, |H!rhaps, for some oll'enee not more ilislio-
nourina; than those Which have thrown me an outcast
u|)on these wilds ; and thai ut the eninmiind and in the
presence of Ihe lather of hiju who* llli' he was fool
enough to preserve. Yet, what but ingrulilude of Ihe
grossest nature could a Morion e.V|M el at the hands of Ihe
filse liimily of |)e Haldiinur! They were desllned lo br
our bane, and well have they fulfilled the enil lor which
they were ereal< d."
"Almighty Providence," aspirated the sinking Clara,
as she turned her streaming eyes to heaven ; " can il he
Ihat Ihe human heart can undergo such change f ('nii
tills he llie being who oiiee loved my iiiolher with a
puritv and leiid>'rnessot'ulfeetiori thai aii;^'<-ls Ih.'mselves
might hallow with approval; or is all that I have heard
but a Is'wildering dream !"
"No, Clara," calmly and even solemnly returned (he
wa'rioi ; " it is no dream, hut a renlily — a sid, drendfiil,
heirl-iendiiig rcMlily ; yet, if I am that ultered iKing, lo
whom is the ehange io lii' userilH-d ! Who turned Ihe
generous eurreni of my blissl into a river of overllowing
gall? — Your fiillier I Hut these T" idle words. What I
have lM'(^n, you know; wlinll now im, and through what
ngeiK^y I have been reiiden-d what I now am, yiiu know
also. Not more fixed Is late than my piirmwe. Your
brother dies eviii <im Ihe spot on "vliii'h my nephew died ;
nnd you, ('lara, shall ts' my bride; and lli<' first tiling
your ehllilren shall Is- taught lo lisp aliall be eursi s on
the vile name of l>e llaldiinnr!"
"Oiiee more, in Ihe i .iiiie of my sainted inntlior,'! im.
plore you lo have iin'rey," shrlekeil Ihe unhappy Clara.
"Oh! she eonlimied with vehement suppliintioii, "let
the days of your I'nrlv love Iw lironght hack to your im-
m(>ry, thai voiir heart nmy be K<it>ened ; auil eiit yoursril'
not wholly i<ir iVoiii your Oi>d, by the eoinmlsslon of
such drendfiil outrn)(Ts. .Again, I eonjure ytni, rrstomi*
lo my fiither."
"Never!" savifrly r<'|>c«trd WacousU. "I have
passed j-cars of torture in the hope of such an hour as
this ; ond now that fruition is within my grasp, may I
IK^rish if I forego it ! Ha, sir !" turning from the almost
fiiinting ('lara lo Sir Evenird, who had listened with deep
attention to the history of this extraordinary man; — "for
this," ond he thrust aside the breast of his hunting coat,
exhibiting the scar ofa long but superficial wonnd,-^for
this do you owe me a severe reckoning. I would recom-
mend you, however," — and he spoke in mockery, —
"when next you drive a weapon into the chest of an un-
resisting enemy, to Iw more certain of your aim. Had
that bei as true as the blow from the butt of your rifle,
shou have hvcd to triumph in this hour. I little
deemed, i.e pursued, still addressing the nearly heart-
broken officer in the same insolent strain, "that iny in-
trigue with that dark-eyed daughter of the old Canadian
would have been the means of throwing your companion
BO speedily into my power, after his first narrow escape.
Your disguise was well manageil, I confess ; and but
that there is an instinct about me, enabling me to disco-
ver a Dc Huldiniar, as a hound does the deer, by scent,
you might have succeeded in passing for what you ap-
iwared. But" (and his tone siuhlenly changed its irony
tor fierceness) " to the |)oint, sir. That you are the
lover of this girl I clearly iK'rfeive, and death were pre-
ferable to a life embittereil by the recollection that she
whom we love reposes in the arms of another. No such
kindness is meant yon, however. 'J'o-moriovv you shall
return to the fort ; and, when there, you may Icll your
colonel, that, in exchange fiir a certain miniature and
letters, which, in the hurry of departure, 1 dropped in his
apartment, some ten days since. Sir Reginald Morton,
Ihe outlaw, has taken Ms daughter Clara to wife, but
without the solenmisalion of those tedious forms that
lioimd himself in aceurseil union with her mother. Oh!
what would I not give," he continued bitterly, " to wit-
ness the pang inflieled on his false heart, when first the
danming truth arrests his ear. Never did I know the
trium|)li of my jKiwer until now; for what revenge can
Ire half so sweet as that which attains a loathed enemy
through the <lishonour of his child I liut, hark ! what
mean those sounds ?"
A loud yelling was now heard at some distance in rear
of the tenl. Presently the bounding of many feet on the
turf was distinguishable ; and then, at intervals, the pe-
culiar cry thai announees the esea]H' of a prisoner.
Wacousia started to his feel, and fiercely grasping his
tomahawk, advanced lo the Iront of Ihe tent, where he
seemed fo listen for u moment allentivily, as if endeavour-
ing lo euteli the direction of the pursuit.
"Ha' by heaven!" he exclaimed, "there nnist Ih^
treaeliery in this, or yon slipiiery captain would not so
soon be at his flight again, ImmukI as I bad bound him."
'J'lien ullering a deafening yell, and rushing past Sir
I'^verard, near whom he paused nn instant, as if unile-
< iiled wliether he should not lirsl dis|)o»e of him, us a
liri'caulioiiary measure, he flew with the s|ieed ofnn ante.
lo|ie in the direction in which he was guided by the gra-
dually receding sounds. ,
"The knife. Miss de llaldimar," exilaimed Sir Fve-
rard, aller a few lnonlelll^ of lireathless and inleiise
anxiety. " See, Iheri is one in the belt Ihat ICIIeii llalloway
has girl around her loins. Quick, fiir hea\en's saki ,
ipiii'k ; oiii- only chance of safely is in this."
With an activity arising from her despai.', Ibe unhappy
Clara siiranu' from th<' rude eoiieli on which she had
been lefl In Wacousia, and stooping over Ihe formoflbr
inatuae, e.xlendi il her hand lo remove Ibe 'v( a(H>n from
her side ; but Kllin, who bad been awakened from her
bmgslumlM'r by the yells just uttereil, seemed resolute lo
prevent il. A struggle for it" (kmsihsi i' . iw ensiled Is-
tween these frail and ilelienlj iHiii.s ; in which Clara,
however, had the advaiilage, not only Irom the reeuiii
Isnl |K)silion of her opponent, hill from Ihe greater se
( ,ritv of her grasp. At leiigib, with a Moiiiit efl'ort, shi
eiiiitriveil lo disi'ugiige it froni tlie sheath, aroimil wliiih
Fllen had closely elus|H-d both lui hands; hut, with Ihe
cpiiekness of Ihouglil, Ine latter were again el-Mielied
roUMi the naked blade, and wilboill any oilier evlilent
motive than what originnted In Ibe olwlinacy of her mad.
iie»<, the iiiiforluiiate woioaii fii'reely attempted lo wrest
it awny. In the act of doing nn, her liniids were drincl-
filllv cut ; and Clara, shocked at tin' sight of Ibe bimsl
she had I i the means of shedding, lost ■ M Ihe energy
she hull snmmoned, nnd sunk Menseless at the li'ct ofllii
nianine, who now liegnn lo ullir the most piteous cries.
"(«< (Jort, we are lost, exelalmcd Hir Kverard ; Ihe
(nice ot that wretched woman has nlnriiied our cnerny,
nnd even now I hear l.iin nnproneliing. Quiel«, Clnra,
((Ive me the knife. Uut no, it is now Iimi Utc ; Iik is here."
At that inflani, IIm> dark form of n wnrrior riislird
noiselessly to the spot on which he stood. The officer
turned hiscyc^in desperation on his enemy, buta ningje
glance was sufficient to assure him it was not Wacousia.
llio Indian paused not in his course, but passing close
round the tree to which the baronet wa« attached, made «
circular movement, that brought him in a line with ihj
direction that had been taken by his enemy ; and again
tlicy were lefl alone.
A new fear now oppressed the heart of the unfortuu jie
Valletort, even to agony : Clara still lay senseless, speech,
lees before him; and his impression was, that, in the
struggle, Ellen Halloway had murdered her. The
latter yet continued her cries j and, as she held up her
hands, he could see by the fire-light they were covered
with blood. An instinctive impulse caused hini lo
bound forward to the assistance of the molionlesii
Clara; when, to his infinite surprise and joy, he disco-
vered the cord, which had bound liim to the tree, to be
severed. The Indian who had just passed had evidentiv
been his deliverer; and a sudden flash of recollection re-
called the figure of the warrior that had esca|icd from the
schooner and was supposed to have leaped jnto the lanoe
of Oucanas'a at the moment when Madeline de Hnldi
mar was removed into that of the Canadian.
In a transport of conflicting feelings. Sir Evcrord no»
raised the iiisonsible Clara from the ground ; aiid.liai.
ing satisfied himsulfshc had sustained no serious injiirr,
prepared for u flight which ho felt lo be dospcrale, if not
altogether ho|ielo8B. There was not a moment to liclnsi,
for the cries of the wretched Ellen increased in violcnrf,
as jilie seemed sensible she was about to be \cH ullorlv
alone; and over and anon, although afar ofl", yd ivil
dontly drawing nearer, was to be heard tlio fierce de.
nouncing yell of Wacousia. The spot o:i which Ihe |
officer Blood, was not far from that whence his uaforiu.
nate friend had commenced his flight on the first inenio. I
rable occasion ; and as the moon shone briglilly iniht
cloudless heavens, there Could bo no inistako in Iht
course he was lo pursue. Dashing down thcKleep, I
Ihcrefiiro, with all the sjiced his beloved burden would I
enable him to attain, he made immediately for thobiidgt
over which his only chance of safely lay.
It unfortunately hapfiened, however, that, induced I
either by the malice of iier msanity, or really Icrrilied
at the loneliness of her |>osition, Ihu wretched Mllen I
Hulloway bad likewise quilted the tent, and iiowfol. [
lowed close in the rear of the fugitives, still.utlerin; I
tho same pinrcing cries of anguish. Tho voice of \V|. r
coUBia was also again hoard in the distance; audSiil
Kverurd had tho inexpressible horror to find ihal.guiilwll
liy tho shrieks of the maniac woniuii, he was imv nhtp.
ing his course, pot to the tent whore he had lull liitpii.l
soners, hut in nn oblique direct ion towards llio bridal
where he uvidoiitly ho|ied to inlercepl them. Awnrrotl
Ihe oxlremu disadvantages under which he luliuarediii|
a •'om|iplltion of Bjieed with hi" acl've oneiny, llieun'r
happy oHicer would have hero terminated the Blru|;);l>,l
had he not hueii partially sustained by the hope that) '(
(letachmvnt prayed fur by Do Haldininr, through lii<|
liiendl;' young chief, to whom he owed hisolva llljeti-l
lion, inlglil hu alsiut this lime on its way to iilleiii|ill
their rescue. This thought supported his falt('lillrl^l
Bululion, nllliough nearly exiiaustod with liis <ll(iii»-|
euinpelii'd, as he was, to sustain lliu inolloiileKK Inriid
the slowly levivmg Cluia; and he again braced liimie'
to the nneipinl lliglit. The inoun still slionn Is'iiiiliM^
bright, and ho could now distinctly see Ihe lirMl|,'coiii
hieh he wis to pass; but notwithsianding he ■lriin(l
lii-< eyes as he advanced, no vestige of n llritifli imi'oia
was to Im> seen il the . [''u space tliut lav Is \"
he tiirneil lo regnrii Ills |mrsuors, Klleii trim j Ir^
yards only in his rear; and considprnbly liryi>ii>l
rose, in tall relief ngaiiisl the heavens, the gigniilu Ion
of tlie warrior. The porsuit of the hilter wa« unwr
iluelrd wilh a siKnce thai terrified even more lIuiiilM
yells he had previously uttered; and ho gained m MM
ly on Ins vieliins, Ihnt the trend of his large li'el >
now disllnetly niidible. AKniii the olViier, with ile'|i
in bis bcnri, made Ihe inoni incredible exorl loiia lorN
Ihe bridge, willioiit seemiii|| lo reflect tliul, > k'II »ll
lliere, no sm'iinly wna ofl' ift<t him ttgninsl Iii*fitt9|
(Inee, as Im drew iirarpr. he faiieird he »«w Hie <
Iliads of hiiiimn beings (lerriiig iVimi iindrr llml |»'ll
llie arrh which ' id atllirderi cover lo De H«I(Iimii'«
liiniselton the memornbln wensioii of lliri' ilr|«i«
Willi the Cuiindinn ; and, eniivlneed llini llii wimniil
Wncousin had Iwen sent there lo lie in ainhiiv >•!<'■
inlercepl his retreat, his linpva were iillerlv |Kir'l)«
and altiioiigh he ilnmierl not, his flight wu> rilhera
chnnienl llian Ihetruit of any systemnti plannlii-'
4>:,
VN''i;
'^;rt■
WACOIJSTA, OR THE PROPHECY.
267
Ho liod "°* gained Ihe extremity cf the bridge, with
Fllcn Halloway and Wacousta close i,i liis rear, when
iiddenly the heads of many men weru once more dis-
lineuishable, even in the sliadnw of the arcli that ovcr-
liunfftlio sands of the river. Three individuals detached
tliemsches from the ^roup, and leaping upon the further
eitreinily of tlie bridge, moved rapidly to niset him.
Meanwhile the baronet had stopped suddenly, :ib if in
iloubt whether to advance or to rv.(»4o. His su(i|i»«-i«
was b'lt momentary. Although the pors«iiB of lin-x-
riieii were disguised as Indian warriori", the broad ruo'^i
Ijirlit lliat beamed full or their countenances dis('lt^<<l
A „-,.||.rem<'inlicred features of niesalngton, Kraknn'.
nnil I'liarlef do llaldimar. The latter sprang before In-
cnnipanions, and, utn^ring h cry of joy, sank in H|)«ncli.
lessngony on the ntck of liis strl' iKiconsciouR .siste'-
"For God's sake, Iree me, Do I'liuiilimar !" exeluimed
llif excited baronet, disengaging his elinrge frcun the
emliracc of his friend. " This is no moment for gratu-
lation. Erskine, Blessington, see y lot who is behind
me! Be upon your guard ; delimd your lives!"' And
as he «|>oke, he rushed forward with faint and tottering
utein lo place his companions between tlie unhappy girl
and llic danger (hat threatened her.
'I'/ic ewords of ihe officers weie drawn ; but instead
I of .idvancing upon the formidable being, who stood as it
paralv'fd at this uuexpcclcd rencontre, the two seniors
I conlPiib'l themselves with assuming a defensive attitude,
—retiring slowly and gradually towards the other ex-
I iremity of the bridge.
(Ivorcome by his emotion, Charles dc Haldimar had
I not noticed this action of his companions, and stood op-
I parrnlly riveted to the spot. The voice of Blessington
I falling on nim by name to retire, seemed to arouse the
lilomiant consciousness of the unhappy maniac, f^he iit-
llered n piercing shriek, and springing forward, sank on
Ihcr knees at his feet, exclaiming, as she forcibly detained
Ihim bv his dress —
"Almighty Heaven I where am I? surely that was
Ciplain Ulcssinglon's kind voice I heard ; and you — yon
lucCliarlcs dc llnldimar. Oh ! save my husband ; plead
Ifor him with your father I but no," she continued
Idly, — " he ia dead — he is murdered ! Behold these
lands all covered with his blood ! Oh I "
"lit! another De Haldimar!" excbiimcd Wacousta,
recovering his slumbering energies, " this »|)ot seems in.
ijeed fated for our meeting. More than tiirico have I
!en baulked of my just revenge, hut now will I secure
Tlni», Ellen, do I avenge your husband's and my
kephfw's death. My own wrongs demanil another sa-
pilice. Rut, ha ! where iaaho? where is ('laraf where
I my bride ?"
Bounding over tlie ill-fited De Heldimnr, who lay, even
1 death, firmly claB|iod in Ihe nmbrnce of the wretched
lllon, ihe fierce man clashed tnrionsly forward to renew
lit piimiit of (ho fugitives. But suddenly the citreniily
f ilip bridge was tilled with i column of armed men,
(ntkepl iasning front the iirch beneath. Sensible of bis
ini;iT, he sought to make good his retreat ; but when
t Inrned for the pur|K)se, the sanui formidable array met
view ot Ihe oppniile I'Tlremilv ; and IkiIIi parties now
Ipidly .idvanied in ilonble (piiek lime, evidently wilh a
1r»' III' ( losing npi... and takinjr hiui prisoiuT. In this
llrmm.i. his only hupe was in the nsslstanee that might
k rr'iliri il him by his warriors. A yell, so ti'rrilie as
I be disluiclly heard in Ihe fort ilself, hurst from his vasi
m, anil rolled in prolonginl eehis's Ihniiigh the forest.
liiK I'aiiilly answeied from Ihe I'neinnpmenI, and met
JdiTphiil noiseless curses from Ihe exas|H-rated siddiery,
win ihi light of Iheir murdend olVn^er was rnnnenla-
r nirknig into fren»y.
"Kill biin not, for your livoii!— I command yon, mm,
D linn Mill !" muttered Caplain Blessington with snp-
I passion, as hIslriMips were prepiiiing In inunnliili'
nnnlhrir eluslering bayonelii. ".Such a dvalli were,
N, iiierey lo sueh a villain."
Iin I" laughH WiieonsUi in bitter scorn; "who
IhiTi' of all your accuised regiment who will dure lo
liHii itlive ?" TJien brnnilishing Ins tomahawk
M 111!.., Ill prevent their fl'inllv elnsing, ho denll his
•» Kilh Mieh astonishing velix'lly, that no unguarded
kt wan h l\ uIkmiI his |i<>rson . utid more than one sol-
rum liroii^'lil 111 Iheearlh in He enurso of lheunei|ual
J!"''"'.
\h li— (1 1" snid Captain l'>n«iiie, " are the Iwo Iwsl
miiinnl' Ibii regiiqent to In kept at Imv by n suikIc
ff»dn ' Shame on ye, fellows ! If li!» litniU are
htn\ liir ynu, lay him by the iMfils."
iii« iimi' K-ns praeliM'd with »uci)«iiii In ntlrmpling
I'M hiniwlf (Vmn the ullnek of thow' who iiniighl lo
iili'Kn, the warrior iKrcuaMrily M Ilia «p|icr
person exposed ; when advantage was taken to close with
him and dejirive liir.i of the play of his arms. It was
not, however, without considerable dilliculty, tliril they
succeeded in disarming and binding liis linnds; atler
which a strong cord being faslened round his wiiist, he
was lightly lushed to a gun, which, contrary to the ori-
uinal intention of the governor, had been sentout with the
e\|H'dilion. The ritreat of the detachment then eom-
meiieed rapidly ; but it was not without being hotly pur-
sued by Ihe band of warriors the yell of Wacousta had
•umiii'jned in pursuit, that they finally gained the fort:
ndi 1 Aliat feelings of sorrow for the fate of an officer
.-.o beloved, we leave it lo our readers to imagine.
CHAVTER XXXIV.
The morning of the ne.xt d.iy dawned on few who had
pressed their customary couches — on none, whose feverisli
pulse and bloodshot eye failed to attest the utter sleepless-
ness in which the night had been passed. Numerous
groups of men were to be seen assembling after Ihe re
veille, in various parts of the barrack sipiare — those who
had l)orne a part in the recent e.vptdilion eonniiingling
with those who had not, and recounting lo the latter, with
mournful look and voice, Ihe eireinnstimccs couneclcd
with Ihe l)creavement of tlnir universally bnncnled offi-
cer. As none, however, had seen the blow struck Ihal
deprived him of liti-, although each had heard the frantic
exclamations of a voice that liail been recognised for 101-
Icn Ilalloway's, much of the marvellous was necessarily
mixed up with Irulh in their narrative, — siime (msilively
alliriiiinc Mr. de Haldimur had not once iinitlcd his parly,
and declaring that nothing short of a sn|)erualural agency
eould have trans|>orled him mmnlieed lo the fatal spol,
where, in their advance, they had Iwheld him nuirdered
The singular appearance of Klliii Halloway also, nt Ihii
moineni, on llie \ery bridge on which she had pronomn
ed her curse on Ihe family of De Haldimar, ami in com-
pany wilh the terrible and mysterious being who had
liorne her off in trimnph on Dial occasion to Ihe foresi,
and under circumstances cab uLited lo excite the most su-
|K'rslilions impressions, .was not without its weight in
determining their rude specnlalions ; and nil conrurred
in opinion, that the death of the unliirtunale young ollieer
was a judgment on their colonel for the little mercy he
had extended to th<! noble-hearted Hallowny.
T'hen followed allusion lo Iheir captive, whose gigantic
stature ami efforts at i.<eape, trcmemlous even as Ihe lat-
ter were, were duly exaggerated by each, with the very
laudable view of claiming a proportiomilc shore of credit
for his own individii il evertions; and many aiul various
•verc the opinions expressed s '■ the manner of death
he shoidd Ih' made to suffer. An nig the most emispicu-
ous of the orators were those vm'I whom our readers
have already made sliijlt neiptai .' i.' i.i e ir n> couiit of
Ihe sortie by Captain I'l^'ne' ;e, ir.iiy Sr. I.e iieovery
of the supposed bod) of I'Vedv i ii V '• Halliirr. One
was for impaling hiin n'ivc, nr.i .i itii g him . > lot on
the philforin above ll,. "nte Another fur 1 v^ni^hiin
from the miiz/.h' of a . ,'>*' ,e / jioundcr, i. Ii mo ccn-
tie of Ihe Ural band i i Inoinus that approach t'n fort,
that thus perceivingtiie\ ' .Most Mie strength aid sinew
of Iheir eumiing war, (ley .loi ;lii l • Mie n: re easily iii-
dueed lo propose terms oi' t>i . e« ,' third wos of opii.
iim he ought In be ehi in" ! . ■ the top of Ihe llag-slnlf, r.
a target, lo 1h' shot at wi. ' ' ri'.s only, eonlriving never
lo loiieh a morlnl purl, -v fourth would have had liini
tied naked over Ihe sharp ; ikes that eonsliiuted Ihe
elievaux-de-fri/.c garnishing mi sides of the druwbriilge.
Ilai II ilevised some new I'li'!' —proposed some new tor-
tuie; but all were of opinion. Hint simply lo be shot, or
ev< n lo Ih' liant'cd, was too mereil'nl ii punislmie' I '<r the
wretch who had so wiinlo-ily niiil inhuniiinl ■ h ebered
the kind-hearted, (fentle.mamii red ollieer, wli ■ y d
alinost all known and loved I'ri n his very bo hood; ami
lliey bHiki'd loiward, with iiiiiigled anxiety and veii.
gvnnee, to the momiiil when, summoned as il w ,h e .
IHieled I.e shorlly wmild 1«', iM'fore the assrinbled ,.-ari
son, he woubl be made to i xpiale the alriH'ily with nis
hlo<Hl.
While tlir men lliiis guvc inrinlgencr to their indignn
lion and their g' f, their <i|lleers were even more pain-
Hilly nffeeleil. The Iniily of the ill-faled Charles had
Ik'cu Uirne to Ins apartment, where, divested of its <lis-
giiise. It had agniii Ikmu iiiducleil in siii h ap|Nirel as was
deemed Miiilril lo the pur|Mise. Kvtended on ihe very lu'd
on wliieh he lay at Ihe monieni w hen she, wlinie maiilae
raving, mill foreible delentlon, hud Ihi ti llie iiuniediali
enuse of his deslrnetioii, Iniil preferred her u ilil but fruit-
less Nuppliealion for mercy, he exhibileil, even in death,
the same delleale heanlv Ibnl had ('linrReltriurd hltn on
that occasion ; yet, wilh a mildnesH and .serenity of ex-
pression on bis still, pale features, strongly in contrast
with the agitation and glow of excitement that then dis-
tinguished him.
Around the bed were grouped nearly all the officers,
standing in attitudes indicative of anxiety and interest,
and gazing mournfully on the phieid features of their ill-
fated friend. All, on enterinj;, moved noiselessly over
the rude floor, as though fearful of disturbing the repose
of one who merely slumbered ; and the same jirccaulion
was extended lo the brief but heart-felt expressions of
sorrow that passed from one ti Ihe other, as they gazed
on all that remained of the gentic Dc Haldimar.
(Jradually the officers moved away in the same noise-
less manner they had approached, either in pursuance of
their several duties, or lo inakctlieirloilet of the morning.
Two only of their nunilvr remained near the couch of
death.
" Poor unfortunate De Haldimar I" observed one of
these, in a low tone, as if speaking to himself; "too
fatally, indeed, have 3'oiir forebodings been realised ; and
what I considered ns the mere des|)ondeney of n mind
crushed into feebleness by nn acemnulation of sutfering,
was, after nil, but the first jiiesentiment of a death no
human power might avert. Hy heaven! I would give
tip half my own being to be able to reanimate that form
once more, — but the wish is vain."
" Who shall onnouncc the intelligence lo his sister?"
sighed his companion. " Never will that already nearly
henrl-brokeii girl be able to survive the shock of her
brother's death. Blessington, you alone are filled lo sncli
;i task ; and, painful as it is, you must undertake it. Is
the ciilo.iel apprised of the dreadful truth, do you know'"
" He is. It was told him at the moment of our arrival
' st night ; but from the little outward emotion displayed
by liiiii, I should be tempted In iiil'er he had almost aii-
licip:ite{l some suclt ealaslrophe."
" I'oor, poor Charles!" bitterly exebtimed Sir Evcrard
Valletorl — for it was he. " Wlint would I not give to re-
ciil the rude manner in wbielt I spurned you from inn
last night. lint, alas! what eoiilil I do, laileii with such
a truxt, and pursued, without the power of defence, by
such an enemy ' Little, iiideeil, did I imagine what was
so spei di'y to be your diioiii ! Illissiiiglon," he pursued,
with Increased emolion, " it grieves mc lo w relchednesB
lo think that he, wlioin J loved as though he lind been
my twin brollier, shoitlil have perished wilh bis last
thottf;lits, perhaps, lingering on the seeming mikindness
with which I had greeted liini lifter so luixious an ab-
sence."
" Nay. if there be blame, it must allaeh lo me," sor-
rov 111' ' .ibser\ed Capt.iin Blessington. "Had Krskinu
and iiiyself not retired beliire the sav;i(;e, ns we did, our
unliirttmate friend would in nil probability have been
.1 ve iii litis very hour. But in our anxiety lo draw the
If •iiier into the atttbtiseade we bad prepared for him, we
utierly overlooked that Cliu.'lea was not relrealing with
us."
" How happened il," demanded Sir Kvcrard, his nl-
tenlioii iinturiilly directed to the subject bv the preceding
ritiiarks, "thai you lay thus in atubiiMniie, when the oh-
|eel of the expi dilioit, as siilii iled by I''ri deriek de Hal-
|i'iiiiar, was nn allcmpt to reach us in the eiieampineiit of
t e Indiims '"
I " It eerlainly was iimb'r thai impression we left lie
lint; hill, on coming lo the spot where the fVieiidly (n-
dinn lay waiting lo coniliu I no, he prnpiised lite plan we
•.tiliMi|Uently adopted as the most likely, not only to HC-
litre tlie escape of Ihe prisoners, whom he pledgid him-
self lo liberate, hut to dellitd ourselves wilh advanlajn
against Waeinisla and lite inimediiilc giin'd set over
them, kIioiiIiI they fnllnw in pursuit. Krskin' npprovliijf,
as well as myself, of titi' plan, we halted nl the bridge,
and disiiosed of on ' men under eai b extrcmily ; so Ihni,
ifallacked by the Iiidiiiits in front, we might Is- en.ibli d
lo tlirov. them i.ilo confusion bv Inking, tin .n in rinr, ns
they Hung Iheiinelves U|Hiii the liriilge. The event si-cmed
to answer our e\|H'elalions. 'I'lie al.irin raised in the pn-
C;inipinetil salisfieil us lite young Indian had eonlrived
lo ftilfil his promise; and we inonienliirily looked for Ihe
appenianee oi' those whose tll(>lil wi' nniiirolly supposed
would be directed towards Hie bridge. To our great sur-
prise, however, we remarked llinl the sounds of pursuit,
hisleail of appronehiiig us, seemeil lo lake an op|Hisile dl
reelioit, apparently towards the point witenee we had
seen tJie prisoners ilisemborked in the inorniiig. At
b'tiulh, will n almost teinpled to regret we had mil pushed
bolillv on, in eonformily wilh our lirsi intention, we heard
the slirill cries of a womiin ; and, not long afterwards, the
sounds of human Ii el rushing down lite h|ii|ic. What mir
sciisatinns were, yoii may imugine; Ibr wr all U'lirved it
f \ *•■ 't rVJ IL . ' <-\J le I
4f-- ^- :■■■■.;
'•■jii
m
"I"'
I .• '
■■':-\
'-if
'^..
ft'
l:
V.
'V '•
i'l-'
I'-
ll* '.
268
WACOt'STA, on THE P"ROPHF,rV.
^f"t^ '
■<„ I
to be citlicr Clara or Madeline de llaldiiiiur fleeing alone,
and pursued by our ferocious enemies. To h)iow our-
selves wo'ild, we were sensible, be to ensure tlic death of
the pursued, before we could possibly come up ; and, al-
though it was witli difficulty we repressed the desire to
rush forward to the rescue, our better judgment prevailed.
Finally we saw you approach, Iblloweil closely by what
appeared to be a mere boy of an Indian, and, at a c:on-
siderublu distance, by the tall warrior of the Fleur de lis.
We imagined there was time enough for you to gain the
bridge ; and finding your more formidable pursuer was
only accompanied by the youth already alluded to, con-
ceived at that moment the desigii of making him our
prisoner. Still there were half a dozen nmskets ready to
be levelled on him should he approach too near to his
fugitives, or manifest any other design than that of simply
recapturing them. How well onr plan succeeded you are
aware; hut, alas!" and he glanced sorrowfully iit the
corpse, " wliy was our success to bo embittered by sn
great a sacriHce ?"
" Ah, would to heaven tlmthc at least had been spared,"
sighed Sir Evcrard, as he took :he wan white hand of liis
friend in his own j " and yet I know not : he looks so
calm, so happy in death, it is almost selfish to repine he
has esca|)ed the horrors- that still await us in this dread-
ful warfare. But what of Frcvycrick and Madeline de
Haldimar I From tli*! statement you have given, they
must have been liberated by tlu; young Ottawa before he
came to me; yet, what couui have induced them to have
taken a course of Hight so opposite to that which promised
their only cl ;uce of safety I"
" Heaven only knows," returned Captain Blc?sington.
" I fear they h:ive again lieen recaptured by the savages;
in wiiieh ease their doom is scarcely doubtful ; unle.xs,
indeed, our prisoner of lost night bo given up in exchange
for them."
" Then will tliiir lilierty bo purchased at n terrible
price," remarked the l>:ironet. " Will you believe. Hies-
singtou, that tliat man, wlmse enmity to our colonel
sceiMs almost devilish, was once an oHicer in this very
regiment /"
" You astonish me, Vallelort. Impossible ! and yet it
lias always b<!en apparent to me they were once asso-
ciates."
" I heard him relate his history only last night to
Clarn, whnm he had the audacity to sully with proi>osals
to boeoine his briilc," pursued the baronet. " His tale
was a most extraordinary one. Hi; narrated it, iiowiver,
only U{i l>. the ixriod when the lili' i)f I)i; Haldiuiar waa
attempt 'I l)y hiin at Uneiuc. Hut wilii his subsccpient
liistory ';e are all aecpiaintiVl, through llie fume of his
liltmdy atrocities in all the |K>sts that have luilc n into the
liauds of I'onte.ie. Tliut man, sav.ige and even tlendish
as he now in, was once possessed of the niihh st i|ualilles.
I am sorry to say it; but C'oluncl de Haldimar lias
brought this pr' sent alHietion upon himself At some
future |M'ri(xl 1 will till you all."
" Alas 1" saiil Captain ItlcssiiiL'tiui, " piMir Cliarlcs,
then, h.is iK'eii made to pay tlie |Hii.ilty of his father's
triors; and, certainly, the gn alist of these was his
dooming the unfortunale Halloway to death in the man-
ner he did."
" \\ hat think you of the fact of Halloway Iw'ing the
nephew of (his extraordinary man, and both of high
family '" dim mled Sir Kverard.
" Indeed! and was (he latlrr, then, aware of the con-
neetion '"
"Not nnlil In.^t night," replied Sir Kvernrd. "Some
observations made by the wretched wife of Halloway, in
the roiirsi' of which she Mauicil his true name, ovhii li
was tl«it of the warrior also,) first indiealed the fin I to
the latli r. lliil, whal lieenme of Ihut iinfortmuite erca-
lure / — was she lirmight in '"
"I .indernlniid not," said ('aplain niessingtnn. "In
the eonfusiiin and hurry nf securing onr ptisoncr, niiii
the npprehinsioii nf iiumediale attack from his warrinrs,
Kllen was iMilirely overlisiked. Some of my men «ny
thcv h'fl her lying, iMseiisible, on the siiiil whenei' they
hiiii raise<l the Isxlv ..four unfortunute Irii nd, which they
had some difficulty in releasing f'nim her cnnvulsive em-
Iruee. Hut, hark 1 ihcre is the first drum fiir parade, and
1 have not yet exchnngeil my Indian garb."
Captain nli'Bsington now (iiiilted the room, iinil Sir
F.vcraril, relieved from the rcslriiinin!; pristine of liiji
eompnnioiis, give free vent to his cmolinii, throwimr
himi'lf uiMin the body of his friend, anil (jiving iiltcraiKi
to the feelings of niigiiish thai oppressed his heart.
He hill cmilinucd some niinnic s in this posilioii, when
he faneiiil he fell tin vvaiin tears of a hiiiniin In iii|^ be
dewing n hand that reposed im the Ii of his iniforlii-
mile friend. He loolitd up, and, to Ills iudnili imrpric,
lieheld Clara de Haldimar standing before him at tlie oj>-
posite side of the bed. Her likeness to lier brotlier, at
that moment, was so striking, that, for a second or two,
the irrepressible thought passed through the mind of the
officer, it was not a living being he gazed uiioii, hut the
iinmateiial sjiirit of bin friend. The whole attitude and
appearance of the wretched girl, inde|)endently of the fiict
of her noiseless entrance, tended to favour the delusion.
Her features, of an ashy paleness, seemed fixed, even as
those of the corpse beneath him ; and, but for the tears
that coursed silently down her check, there was scarcely
an outward evidence of emotion.
" You arc surprised to sec me here, mingling my grief
with yours. Sir Everard," she at length observed, with
the same calm mien, and in tones of touching sweetness.
" I came, with my fathcr'i <!rmission, to take a last fare-
well of him whose death has broken my heart. I ex|)ccled
to he alone; but — Nay, do not go," she added, (lerceiving
lliat the oHicer was about to dejiart. "Had you not been
here, I should have sent for yon; for we have both a sa-
cred duty to perform. May I not ask your hand /"
Dismayed at lior collected manner, tlio young ofTicnr
gazed at her with the deepest sorrow dopietcil in every
lino of his own eountcnaiRO. He extended his hand,
and Clara, to his surprise, grasped and pressed it tirinly.
" It was the wish of this poor boy that his Clara
should ho the wile of his fiiond. Sir l^Vcrard. Did he
over express such to you'"
" It was Iho fondest desire of his heart," returned the
baronet, unablo to restrain tlio emotion of joy that min-
gled, despite of himself, with his worst apprehensions.
"I need not osk how you received his piojiosal," con-
tinued ('htra, with the same calmness of manner.
" Last night," she pursued solemnly, " I was tho bride
of the murderer of my brother, of the lovor of iny mo-
ther, — to-morrow night J may hi tho bride of cleat h ;
but to-night I am the bride of my brother's frieiul. Yos,
lure am I come to pledge myself to to tho fultihnont of
his wish. If you deem a heart-brnkon girl not unworthy
of you, 1 am your wife, Sit Kverard; and, recollect, it
is a sniomn pledge, that which a sister gives over the
lifeless body of a brother, beloved as this lias been."
"till, (.'lara— dearest Clara," passionately exclaimed
tho excited young man, " if a life devoted to your hap-
piness can repay you for tliis, count U|)oii it as you
would upon your eternal salvation. In you will I lovo
both my friend and the sister he has boiiueatlicd to lAe.
Clara, my betrothed 'vifo, Ruinmon all tho eiiorgits of
your nature to sustain this cruel shock ; and exert
yourself fur him who will be lo yon both a brother and a
husband."
As ho s|ioke he drew the nnrosisti'ig girl towards him,
and, locking her in his embrace, pressed, for llio first
lime, the lips, which it had maddened him the preced-
ing night to see iHilliited by the forcible kisses of Wa-
coustu. Ihit Clara shared iml, lint merely sntfercil Ins
momentary happiuoss. He r cheek worn not the eriinsoii
cf excitcinent, neilhcr were her tears diKcontiniiPil. She
seemed as one who inochanioully submitted lo what she
had no iKiwcr of resistanco ra oppose ; and even in the
embrace of her ulhianced husband, she cxhibitod the
samo death-like calm that had startled him at her first
appearance. Uoligion cpuhl nnt hallow a purer feeling
than tiait which had im|H>lled Iho action of (he young
oflieer. Tlio very ccmBCiiiiiBiiess of the saereil |ileil;;e
having been exchanged over the corpse of his Irinul.
Iinparleil a holiness of fervour to his ininii; and even
while he pressed her, whom ho serrelly swore to love
with all tiie nlfeclinn of n hind brother and a husband
niiitcd, he felt that if tho spirit of him, who ulcpt uii-
eonsciniis of ti.e scene, \»-oro sutl'eroil to linger near, it
would ho to lialliiw it with npprovni.
" And now," said Clara at longlh, yet without nt-
Ipinpting to (jisingago herself, — " now tlii't wn aro mil-
fed, I would bo uluiiR with riy brother. My husband,
leave me."
Deeply loiielied at the nnnip ofhiisbaiiil. Sir Kverard
(ould not rol'rniii I'mni iiiiprinting aiintlicr ki's on the
I ps that uttered it. lie then gently disengaged him-
s df fioMi his lovely but siilUring charge, vvlioin he de.
p iiited with her head renting on tho lied; and making
,1 nignillcant motion of his Imiid to the VMiinan, who, as
•veil as old Morrison, had been i iiectatdrs of tiie vvlmle
scene, slule goiilly from the n,.irtiiienl, under wlial
niiiiglcil cmotioiiH of joy and griof it would be diirienll
lo descnlio.
cii\rTi;u XXXV.
If was llir righth hour of inoiiiing, and Imlli iiirc^rs
iiiid nun, i|ulllliig llioir lil-rolisliod iiiual,\voro to bo heoii
issuing to the parade, whero the monotonous roll ol tlic
aasemblie now summoned them. Presently the garrison
was formed, presenting three equal sides of a square
The vacant space fronted the guard house, near one
extremity of which was to bo seen a flight of steps com-
inunicating with the rampart, whero tlie flag.siaf uj,
erected. Several men were employed at this start', pass.
ing strong ropes through iron pulleys that were sij»pcnij.
ed from tlio extreme top, while in the basement of Die
stiitr itself, to a height of about twenty feet, were iiiucl
at intervals strong wo<iden (legs, serving as steps tniiic
artillerymen lor greater fiicihty in cleoring, when foul
the lines to which the culoura were attached. Tho laiiej
had been removed ; and, from tho substitution of a cord
considerably stronger than that which usually apiKarnl
there, it seemed as if soinn fiir heavier weight wasalmui
to ho appended to it. (Jradually the men, having ton).
pletcd their unusual preparations, ipiilled tlie ruinmri,
and the flag-start" which was of tapering pine, waslvll
totnlly unguarded.
The " Attention I" of Major DIackwaler to thetrnop,,,
who had been hitherto standing in attitudes of e.vptc.
fancy that rendered the injunction oliiiusl su|ierf1uoii.
announced tho approach of tho governor. Soon after.
ward that officer entered the area, wearing his churar.
leristic dignity of nianner,ycl exhibiting every evidence
of Olio who fiad suffered deeply. Preparation liir j
Irum-head court-martial, aa in the first case of Ihillo.
way, had already been made within tho square, ami ||;e
only actor wanting in tho diama waa ho who was lolie
tried.
Dnec Colonel dc Haldimar niaile an cITort to comm.inil
hi.-i ap|K:ar.-iiice, but the huskim ss of his voice cliokidlii!
ntterunce, and he was compelled to pause. After Ike
lapse of a few moments, he again ordered, but in a voict
that was: reiiiarki'd to liiltcr, —
" Mr. Lawson, kt the prisoner be brought forth."
The feeling of suspense Ihat ensued between tlic Jr.
livery and execution of this eommaud was painful
throughout the ranks. All were penetrated with curt.
osily to behold a man who bad several limes apiRarnlio
lliciii under flu most appalling eircuuistaims, ir,i|
against whom 'he strongest feeling of indignaliifn Iwi
been excited for his barbarous murder of Cliarli's ot
iliildimar. It was with mingled awe and anger Uitr
now awaited his approach. At length the eaplivo ™
seen advaneing from the cell in which lie had Isinooo.
lined, his ;,-igantie form towering fur above iIioh' ol'llie!
guard of grenadiers by whom he was surrouiiiicil ; i^\
with a hanghliiiess ill his air, and insolence in liu niu.|
ncr, that told he came to eonfront his enemy witlu»[iir«
iinsiibdnrd by the liite that tis) probably awailcii iiiiii.
Many an eye was turned nymn the governor at lliil|
niomcpif. Ho was evidently sfrnggling Ihr einnpMuri
lo meet Ihe scene he felt il to lie iiii|iossilile to avoid
and he tiiiiied pule and pabr as his enemy drew near.
At length the prisoner stixsl nearly in the xainr i|
where his uutiirfuiiate nephew hud lingered on n form
oeeasi.in. He was nnehaiiied ; but his hands wcnlii
ly secured liehind his back. He threw himself iiiln
altitncio of earihsHness, resting on one (iiot, and la|i|«|
the earth with llie other ; riveting his eye, ut flic
time, uilli an uxprcssiiin of the most daring inwliiii
on the guvernor, iviiile his swarthy check was niorw
lijflitcil lip with a smile of the dee|M'st scorn.
" Von are Reginald Morton the outlaw, ' iMJiivr,'
length observed the governor in nn uneertain tone, ti
however, ueipiiriMl greater firir.n 'Ss as he procci iH
■' one wlmse life has already Iseu fiirfeited Ihrniich
trca.'iiinablc prnitiees in Kiiro|K', and w lin has, nnrroi
incurred (he iMiuilly of an igiinniiiiioiis deiilh, bv m
in this country iu> a spy of tho eneiiiies of Kiij;!
What say yon, Ki ginnid Ninrfon, that yon should M
eonvicled in tlii' death llnit awaits the traitor f"
" Ha I lia I by henveii, siieli iiild, |ionipouK iiii
uiimscs me," vociferated Wnconsfn. " It remind* mei
I'iiisigii de llahliiiiur of nearly live and ivvciily n
buck, who was then as ciiniiiiig .i dissembler an br
now." Suddenly ilinnging his riliald four ti> "»
scorn and rage: — " You litiitrr nie, you sny. l" I'
giiiald .Moi toll, Ihe oiillaw. Wcl! do you knim t I
that Sir Kegiiiald Murliiii, who U'canie an ' •H>iv,
lliroiigh his own eriines, hut through your villmir.
IWiwn as yon may, I Incd it not. You may award
death, nut shall mil chain my tongue. To yaiir *i
regiment do I proehiim you (or |i flilae, rcnury '
lain." Then turning his Hashing lye nhnu; flu
- " I was once an oflieer in this corpiJ, niiil liin( W
any of yon won (hii aeeiirsrd iiiiiliirni. Tlml in'".'
liend, Hflirtid to be mv fiieriW ; niid under the t"i
nitiidslii|i, ftolo iiitu Iho lieurt I loved Isii'i ll>u
onii life. Y
flampiiiff vit
roliM inc ol
111 outrage f Ji
n'4'ion, where
liiri! n'itli liis
toart martial,
I Ix'caini: ihe
liicn. Now, (
I'd your infiini
ruiir worst — ]
vears of foilso
Here ahmit to
luracii llie talil
'111 all but tl
dd'bratioii «•;
Kii'ry eye was
p.ili.Mit under t
wlio Micanvvhih
jfaill of the \>rh
to liis puni.tliini
and Colonel dt'
" lii'i'inald ."Vl
your tiiriiier life
sioil of tlli.S I'rilll
you siift'cT iiiiiiic
\n'n^v lor voiir d
and he poinlcd (
In flio niisgiiidi
liaiT stirred up i
liold your fate, tl
|ili'; and, finding
o.fi'jine with iinpi
dii'nce.
" I understand
cmi.'.li, n-laneing c
Willi ills eye, III,.
oil HJiieli lie w.is
licad, De llaldiinu
lo(iroinote your o
bul your ealeulafii
Colonel de Ha Id
" Vou have slitl
file same rceklessn
allusionfo him vvlic
hlmdder throiighon
l!ii; ( )ll:ara Indian!
cliiei; iiili'rior only
'filial, you that lie
and fiil to avenije
" lla ! piTHiinipti
you liave in view >
jprcservnlion of a lit
jiMlirc of your coiin
l!mt, after llie horri
jou, you will again
ml ldiM,,l }"
" .Voncofyour ra
'oyou oi'lore," eooll
'■Till. " Consult }■„
H'lii' of crime |,e n,^
i»li :iot my lii;.. |
fill' altered, mid Ilii;,
iM.i Ix'l'oie villi rei
liiiilis Ihe U,„|| j„ „„
111 lie the price."
" I'o Vou mean, (hi
lli'il il the mere ;ii
iiisli.ill lie rc.slorcd
" lilo," Was Ihe cal
"«'liat pledi;,. ),„v,
■I ri'|io», i„ (|„, „,,,^,j
»« .'.Iri'-Mly naeriflec
ili'd hniiMii i'|,y r"
" »lm,iil eliok^H |„„
■ii'ind niiinimiui;. »
"lonllr, „aiil \„» >
II" Mill, I II, resi'iiiM,,
ki« liiollicr rewmldi
''■I'll' Hud I kii
'"'"'. ' I'lifc'ht hnve IM
•I'liv.^l not („ „,pj|.,
•'|:li,'hl deceive,! „„.
'"'"". proii.iimtf.l I
■""'»'!i'»llimiyniir
»wl driven mud- vva
iiii"
'liiliMorin ii,;llunl"
"""^•t h iHgnufJon i
^". 'III- ple.l«l I,
if}.
WACOIJSTA, on THE PUOPIIECY.
269
nous roll <il ijic
itly llie garrUon
dos of a square.
101180, near une
lit of stops com. ]
10 tlafi;<Htat? was
I this start', past'
at were »u«|i<;nj.
msemeiit of lli«
foot, were sluit
1^ ns steps tn llic
ariiig, wiinn foul,
ichpd. Tlio lallet
tUution of a cord
usually apiKaml
weijrlit was aloul
lion, liaviiiE com-
Itcii the taiujmil,
ring pine, was left
ralpr to tlietrnnpi,
ittitudes of e.vptc-
ihiiosl BUiwrfluoii!,
rnor. Soon aftet.
siring his clursr-
ing every eviilciico
rroparatioii (hj »
Irst CBBO of Hallo,
the square, and lie I
B ho who was to bt 1
n effort to cnmiTWiiil I
his voice ilii)ki(llii!|
piiuf e. Aflcr Ike I
(Jircil, hut in a voia |
• hroucht forth."
meil b«t\vr™ llic (ir.l
iiiniinil was painfull
ii-jii'tralecl willi cuiif
.'val times ap|«amil«|
circumstu nil's, ar.il
r of iiuliunaliii" hi\
I'lunler of flinrlvs otl
awe and aiigi-T llicjl
nctli the caplivc tiul
Ihieli ho hail Ixen 000.1
fur above tho«' of iIkI
Iwas surroundiil ; iiii|
insolence in liui
jia enemy \villia«|)it<|
lb;\lily awaiteil hini.
llic gnvenior at lliill
tj-lini; for edmiHWitiT
itii|io8sible lo avoul'
iMi< my 'Ifc"' "™'
rly ill the tiaiiir ij*
liiijrereil on a I'Dtmi
It his hanils were lin
Ihrew himself iatn
one fool, "'xl '"i'l"'
his eye, ut llif
liiKt daring in«ilf»
rtheck was more
Isst scorn.
1 ontluw, ' 1" lii'vc'
li uncertain Imif
|ks as he |iriirrc diil-
J forli'ileil thnmch '
L| who has, 111 "W
liiions ileiilli.liy >«'
cnemiis of t'"!.'
llnil you siieuW ""•
Ithe Iriiilor I"
lid, imnipou'' '""■
" It reniiiiil'""
e iind hvi'iily !
ilissrnihlir ii» Ik
ilinhl lone '" "",
|ne, V"" "">' '' ''.
\u you km'» ' '
, iinie an ■ 'l«"'
Lh your iill'iiiy
Yoii muy i"*""*,
|gue. To )■"'",'
false, riiin'r?' -
eye iilont.' 'I"
..rill', "I"' •""'
j-.irm. 'I'll.! """•
Lid umler II"' I"'
llovcl li-"" "'"
life. Yes," fervently pursued tlio excited prisoner,
rtai'npiiiff violently witli his foot upon the earth, " he
libi'd inc of n.y alfianced wile ; and for that I resented
■ ndiitrai'C thill should liave liaiiislicd him to some lone
n'L'ioii wiiere he might never again |)olluto liuinan iia.
Iiir.' iv'itli his presence — he caused me to be tried by a
court martial, and dismissed the ser\ice. Then, indeed,
I kcaini: the outlaw ho has described, but not until
tlicn. Now, Colonel de llaldiinar, that I have proclaim-
ed ym'.r inlHiiiy, |)oor and inclficicnt as the triumph bo, do
riiiir wor.'it— I ask no mercy. Yesterday I thought that
V.ars of toilsome jmrsuit of the means of vengeance
vcri' about to bo crowned with success; but fate has
turiiiil the tables on me, and I yield."
To all but the baronet and Captain Blessington this
iio(l:iratioii was productive of the utmost surprise,
Kf.rv I'y was turned upon the colonel. He grew iin-
niti.Mit under the scrutiny, and demanded if the court,
who iiieanwhile had been deliberating, satisfied of the
I'uiit of the prisoner, had come to a decision in regard
to Ilia punishment. An afiinnative answer was given,
and (\iloiiel de Ifaldiinar proceeded.
" lii'irjiiiild .Morton, with the private misfortunes of
your liirnier lite we have nothing to do. It is the drei-
sim of this e.mrt, who are merely met out of form, that
villi siiftlr iiniiiedi.ate death by hanging, as a just reconi.
iK'n.-i' lor voiir double treiwon to your country. " There,"
and lie pointed lo llii^ Hag stuH', " will you lie exhibited
to Uie misguided [leople whom your wicked artifices
have stirre;! up into hostility against ns. When they be.
hold your fate, they will take warning from your e.xain-
nli'l and, findiriir wo have heads and arms not to suffer
oifi'iipo with im;iunity, lie more readily brought to obe-
diciii'i',
" I undorstand your allusion," coolly rejoined Wa-
coiikli, glancing earnestly at, and apparently measuring
willi hi'' eve, lh.' diiuensioiis ot the conspicuous scaffold
.111 ivliieli he was to sulfer. " You had ever n calculating
head, De Il.ildiinar, where any secret villany, any thing
to |iroiiiote your own selfish ends, wus to he gained by it ;
but yniir caleulation pi ems now, melhinks, at faiUt."
Colonel de Haldiiiiar looked at him enquiringly,
" You have sdtt a son left," pursued the prisoner with
dip same recklessness of manner, and in a tone denoting
allusionlo him who was no more, that caused an 'iiiiversal
tlmdilir Ihr.mghout the ranks, " He is in the li.inds of
t!ic Ottawa Indians, and I am the friend of their great
clii.t; iulerinr only in power among the tribe to himself,
'filial, yon that he will sec mi; hanged up like a dog,
and fiil to avenyc my disgracelhl de.ith ?"
" lla 1 presumptuous renegade, is this tlie deep game
you liavo in view ? Ho|ie you then to slipulal.' for the
iircscrvalion of a life every way forfeile<l to the off -iidcl
Ijinliri' iif your country ? Dare you to ehrri li tin belief,
lliat, artor the horrible threats so often denounced by
ynu will again be let loose upon a cnui r of crime
Bud III. Kid ?"
" None of your c.inf, Dt! naldiinar, as I once observed
loyou iii'liire," ('oolly retorle ■ "•Vacousla, with bitter sar-
'a'ln. " ('..iisuU your im I irt, and ask if its eata-
iijiii' of iriini' Ui not liir ticater than my own : yet I
,k ant my lili'. I would but liiive llie iiianiier of my
fall' altiri'd, and fa'^i would die the death of the sohlier
iro.< Ufoi I you rendered me the wretch I oni. Mc-
huiks the Imoii is not so great, if tho restoration of your
in In' till' price,"
l).i v.in mean, tlien," eagerly returned tho jfovcrnor,
lliil it' tlui mere mode of yo'jr dcftli bo chan{^d, my
.mi.li.ill 111- re...tiired "'
1 d.i," was till- calm reply.
What pli'(l);i' liavi- we of the fiiet 7 Wlnt faith can
Ci rr|Hi«c in the word of a lieiid, whose brula I vengeance
ilri'aily naerifned the gnillc st life that ever ani-
liil.'d hiiMian rUyT" Ilere (he emolion i>f the tiiver.
|nt aliu.nl (liiikfH Ills ullerani'i', and eonsiderahh' i.gila-
iniuiiiil niuninoMii; wire niaiilfcNli d in the ranks,
"(ientlr, kaid y<«i ?" repli. .1 the prisoner, iiiiHingly;
tl..ii iliil 111 resemble his nio ■• r, whom I loved, even
hi« l.r..llii'r r.'si'inliles you wh.in I have so niueh rea-
inti. Int.. Had 1 known iIm Uiy to Is what yon de.
!n!»', 1 iiiijhl have ft It some loin h of pity even while
,l,|jH''l n..t 1.1 strike Ins .len'h li'ow . but the false
i.iili;'lil ili'ii iMil llie, and tin' deteoti ! name of De
Millar, prMii.nme«'il by the lijis of my i plien's wife
■lliil «ijl. wilom your eold hbioded sev.'ily had widow.
mil ilnvi'ii iiind- was iti itiu'lf nullleient to ('imun! his
.11."
Iiiliinniii iiilllanl" ejrlalmed the governor, willi
|frfj»ln|} it iligiiiilloti ! " to the lioiiil. " Whiil pledjie
k»" vol, 1.1 offi T Ihiil my noil will Ih' reslond /"
"Sm, till' jij. iljji In uitily ;jiven, niul wllhuiil miieh
risk. You have only to defer my death until your iiies.
sengcr return from his interview with Ponteac, If Cap-
tain de lluldimar oecompony him back, shoot me as I
have requested ; if he come not, then it is but to hang
me after all,"
" Ha ! I understand you j this is but a pretext to gain
time, a device to enable your subtle brain to plan some
mode of escape,"
" As you will. Colonel do Haldimar," calmly retorted
Wacousta ; and again he sank into silence, with the air
of one utterly indifferent to results,
" Do you mean," resumed the colonel, " that a request
from yourself to tlie Ottawa chief will obtain the libera-
tion of my sou ?"
" Unless the Indian be false as yourself, I do,"
" And of the lady who is with him ?" continued the
colonel, colouring with anger.
" Of both."
" How is the message to be conveyed ?"
" Ha, sir!" returned the prisoner, drawing himself np
to his full height, " now are yon arrived at a point that
is |icrtinent. My wampum belt will be the passj/ort, and
the safeguard of him you send ; then for the communi-
cation. There are certain figures, as you are aware,
that, traced on bark, answer the sam<! iniriiose among the
Indians with the Kuro|K'an languag<' of letters. Let my
hands be cast loose," he pursued, but in a tone in which
agitation and e.veitement might be delected, " and if
hark be brought me, and a burnt stick or coal, I will
give you not only a sample of Indian iiigemiity, but a
s|K'einien of my own progress in Indian acquirements."
" What, free your hands, and thus afford you a chaiur
of esca|K.' .'" observed the governor, doulitingly,
Wacousta Ih'IiI his steudfasl g'Z<' on him for a few
momenta as if he questioned he hud heard ari.„'lit. Then
bursting into a wild and scornful laugh, — " Itv lieaven 1"
he exclaimed, " This is, indeed, a high eonipliuient you
pay me at the expense of these line fellows. What,
(.'olonel de Haldimar afraid to liberate an unarmed priso-
ner, hemmed in by a forest of bayonets / " This is
good ; gentlemen," and he lieiit himself in sarcastic
reverence to the astonished troops, " I beg to offer
my very best congr>atulutions on the high estimation in
wfiieli you an: held by your colonel."
" Peace, sirruh I" rxchiimed the governor, enraged
beyond measure at the insolonec of him who lliiis hehl
him up to eonteinpt before his men, " or, iiy heaven, I
will have your tongue cut out! — -Mr. l/awson, let what
tlii.a fellow requires h procured immediately." Then
addressing Lieutenant Uoyee, ivho eoiiimanded the im-
mediate guard over the prisoner, — " Lit his hands Ix
liberated, sir, s'l! enjoin your men lo Im' watchful of the
movements of ihis supple traitor. His activity I know
of old to be ,' ' at, anil he seems to have doubled it since
henssun.'d lliai garb."
The coiimiaiid .V'.srxeim H, .and the prisoner stood,
once more, fue .Mid iiiilerieijd in every museiihir limb.
\ deep and i iibrokeu sileiiei insoed ; and the return of
the ndpitant vva nuinionja ily ;.v|M.'eted. Suddenly a
loud Bcreaiii wai, heard, int.1 the slight figure of a female,
clad in white, e.ime rushing from the pia/.za in which
the apartment of the decenKi"! De Haldimar was situated.
It was Clara. The guard of Wacousta formed the fourth
front of the sipiare ; hut tiny were drawn np somewhat
in the distai'ee, so as to leave ,in opi'ii space of severul
feet at llie aufles. Through on.' of these the excited girl
now pasMcd into the area, w itii a wildnoss in her air and
apiKvirunee Unit riveted every eye in painful inU'iest
upoi. her. She panseu mil until she hud gained the side
of tho captive, at w hose feet she now sunk in nii alliluile
expressive of the most profound denpnir,
" Tig<r ' — monster !" she raved, " restore my hrolhcr I
— give me buck the gentle life you have taken, or de.
ulroy my own 1 t'ee, 1 am a weak ;lel!ii.el"»s ijirl : eiiii
you not strike ? — you who have no pity for the innocent.
ilul come," she pursued niournfully, reguining her liel
I grasping his iron huiul, — " come and see the swiel
iiihii face of him you have slain ! — eonie with iiie, end
behold the imudc of Clara Heverley ; and, if you ever
loved li r as you say you did, let your soul he touehed
wiib ri'i....rHO for your eri;iie."
'I lie .•»> itenient nii.l I'onfusimi produeeil by this iiiiix-
[MV'trii iiterrnpnin wns great. Murmurs ol eonipassion
fur I ill' iilmppy Clara, and of indi^nulioii against the
prisoner, were no longer soughl to be repri'Sfied bv the
men; while the nllleers, quitting tlieir plaers in the
milks, grouped themselves indiseriniinnlely in the fore.
i;rouiid. (hie, more impatient than his eoin|mnioii»,
spruiur forward, and forcibly drew away llic delicate
hand that ilill gras|H'il that of the ruplive. It Woo 8ir
Kverard Vallelorl.
"Clara, iiiy iK'loved wife !" be exclaimed, lo the asto-
nishment of all who heard him, " pollute not your lips by
further communion with such a wretch ; his heart is aa
inucccBsibh: to pity as the rugged rocks on which his
s|iring-life was jiassed. For Heaven's sake, — for my
sake, — ling r r ot within his reach. There is deatli in liig
very presenc . "
"Your V ic, sir I" haughtily oliRer>ed the governor,
with irrc|iressihle astonishment and indignation in his
voice ; " what mean you ? — Ueiillemcn, resume your
places in the ranks. Clara — Miss de lluldimar, I com-
mand yon to retire instantly to your uparlmenl. Wo
will discourse of this later. Sir Kverard Valletort. I trugt
you have not dared to ofi'er an indignity to my child."
While he was yet turned to that officer, who had taken
his po.st, as commanded, in the inner angle of the square,
and with a coniilennnee that denoted the contlicting
emotions of his soul, he was suddenly startled by tho
confiised shout and rushing forward of the whole Ixidy,
both of olficers and men. Before he had time to turn, a
loud and wcU-rememlicrcd yell burst u|kiii his ear. 'i'lio
next moment, to his infinite surprise and horror, he be-
held the bold warrior rapidly ascending the very staff
that had been dettined lor his scaffold, and with Clara in
his arms!
( Jreatwas the confusion that ensued. To rush forward
and surround the flng-statt", was the immediate action of
the troops. Many ol'tlie men raised their muskets, and
in the exeiteinent of the moment, would have fired, had
they not been restrained by their olficers, who (Hiinted
."it the certain deslrnetion it would entail on the unfor-
Iminte Clara, With the rapidity of thought, Wacousta
had siialchcd uji his victim, while the attention of tho
troops was directed to the singular conversation imssin^
iKtween the governor and Sir Everard Valletort, and
darting Ihrougli one of the o]>en angles already alluded
to, had gained the rnmpart before they had recovered
from the stupor produced by his daring action. Stepping
lightly upmi the pegs, he had rapidly ascended lo tho
uliiiosl height of these, iK'fore any one thought of follow-
ing him; und then grasping in his teeth the cord which
wus lo have served for his execution, and holding Clara
firmly ufjainst his chest, whil.'he emliraecd the smootli
staff with knees and leet closely compressed around it,
accomplished the difficult ascent with an ease thot as-
tonished all who iK'held him. (iradnully, as he ap-
proached the lop, the tapering jiine waved to and fro ;
and nt each moment it was expected, that, yielding to
their united weight, it would snap asunder, and prccipi.
late both Clara and himselt', either ujKin the rampart, or
into the ditch Is'yond.
,'More than one ofiieer now attempted to follow tho
fiigitive in I, is adveiitiirnus course; but even Lienteimnt
.lohnstenc, the most active and ex|K'ricneefl in climbinj^
of the party, is unable lo rise more than a lew yards
above the p. ;>> that atVorded a foiiling, and the eiiterprisu
wasabandiim il us an iiiipnssihility. .'U length Wacousta
was seen lo gain the extreme siiniiuit. For a iiiomcnt hu
turned his gaze nnxiously U'voiid the town, ill the direc-
t on of tl^ bridge; and, after peuling forth luie of hiii
terrific y>'lls, cxeluiined, exultingly, as he turned his cyn
upon his enemy; —
"Well, colonel, what think yon of this sample of In-
dian ingenuity .' Did I not tell you," he continued, in
moekery, "that, if iiiv' hands were but free, I would givo
you a aiiocimcn of my progresH in Indian acquire-
ments ?"
"If you wnuhl avoid a death even mere terrible than
that ol' hanging," shouted the governor, in a voice of
mingled rage and terror, " restore my duughter,"
"Hul ha! ha! — I'xc.llent!" veiilirated the nrvaffC.
"Yon Ihrenten largely, my gmnl goveriwr; but your
threuls nri' huriiiless us those of a wi uk Issieging army
before un inipregiiable forlresH, It is for the strongest,
however, lo propose his terms. If I restore this girl tu
life, will you (iledge yourself 1. 1 mine ?"
"Never!" thundered Colonel de Huldlinar, w ith unii
Biinl energy. "Men, pr.icme axes; enl the flog-stair
down, since this is (he only means left of securing yon
insolent traitor! Ijiiiek to your work: and murk, wliu
first si'iris bjiii sliiill have promotion on the spot."
Axes wire instantly procured, und two of the men now
lent llieiii, elves vigor. .iisly to the task. Wai'olisin seemed
to uateh these prepurnlions with evident unxielv ; und to
ill it ajipi'nred as if his courage hud been purulysed hy
this iiiiex|Hcleil uelion. No sooner, however, fiad tho
uxi'iiien renched llie henrt nf the staff, than, hohlliig Clara
li.rlh I'ler the eil!;e of the rnin|Mrt, he shouted,—
"One stroke more, and she iH'rishes !"
Instuiitnnco'.isly the work wns disenntinucd. A ■ilpn,''«
of n few niomentii ensued, Dvery eye wati lurocd ii|i.
';'^i«!'-
„i-|'
•i
■■ V:
4,1.
is-
;f^J
270
WACOUSTA, OK THE PROPHECY.
I'll''
ward, — every liuart beiit witli terror to see tlie delicate
girl, held by a single arm, and apparently about to be
precipitated from that dizzying height. Again Wucoiistu
shouted, —
" Lil'u for life, De Haldimar ! If I yield her shall 1
live 7"
"No terms shall be dictat;d to mo by a rebel, in the
heart of my own fort," returned the governor. " Jiestore
my child, and wc will then consider what mercy may be
extended to you."
" Well do I know what mercy dwells in such a heart
ns yours," gloomily remarked the prisoner ; " but 1
come."
" Surround the staff, men," ordered the governor, in a
low tone. " The instant he descends, secure him : lash
him in every limb, nor suffer even his insolent tongue to
be longer at liberty."
" Uoyce, for tJod's s^ ke o|M!n the gate, and ]>lace men
jn readinesH to lowc . the drawbridge," implored Sir
Kvcrard of the offic r . f the guard, and in a toneof dce|>
emotion that was not meant to bo overheard by the
governor. "I fea the boldness of this vengeful nitm may
leail him to somo desper.ite means of escape."
While the olHcer whom he addressed issued a com-
mand, the responsibility of which he fa.'cied he might,
under the peculiar circumstances of the i lojnent, take
upon hiiusclf, Wacousta began nis descent,! ot as before,
by adhering to the staff, but by tlie rope .■■■I. -h in h'iii
in his lell hand, while he still supported !.:'; , i iicnilj
senseless Clara against bis right eheslwjth ib j her.
"Now, Colonel de Haldimar, 1 hoiK! '•oi;. hcirt ia o<
rest," he shouled, as he rapidiv glided 'v t! r j rd; " en.
joy your triumph as Ik'sI rn- >■ i ' j"nr plo:iKu. '
Kvery eye followed n., i"" . ' ii' wilii iiiiOi-cst; every
Jiearl beat lighter at the ctil litity of .'Jlaru ' einsj again
restored, and without othc; irijiry l- -n tlti rroi she
nnist have experienced in su. i: a »■:«!«. Fjach eongratu-
latcd himself on the favoural . '.er-PH'... :'-: ..fihc terrible
adventure, yet were all read) •) sprioj; Up .'< .) i • wire
the desperate author of the w ig. \V-"ii. .; 'ir.d no*
reached the centre of the llag-tiaff. 1 au: j; i.i! a i.m-
mcnt, he grappled it with hisstroi:g and iicivoiiB iVet, on
which he apparently resled, to give u moiiienUiry relief
to the muscles of his MX arju. lie then abruptly 'ban-
donrd his hold, swinging himself out a few yards from
the staff, and returning again, dasliid his teet against it
with a force tl'.at caus''d the weakened ma.ss to vibrate to
its very foundation. lin|H'lled by his weight, and the
violence of his action, tli<' creaking pino gave way; its
lolly to|) gra.lually Undirig over the exterior rampart
until it 'inally snapjH'd asunder, an<l lidl with a loud crash
across the dileb.
"()|icn the gate, down with the drawbridge !" exclaim-
fd the c;xciteil governor.
" Down with the drawbridge," rc|)cated Sir Evcrard to
the men already stationed there ready to let biose at the
first order. The heavy chains rattled sullenly through
the rusty pulleys, and to each the bridge secnid an hour
descending. Hefore it hail reaebed il» li^el, it was
covered wi' the weight of inmy ;irimd men rushing
confusedly lothe trout ; and the for<rtU)st of these l<'.i|Md
In the earth before il had sunk nilo ilx eustoniary lied.
Sir Everard Vallelnrt and I . ulenant .lobnst<aie were ii,
the fro.it, both arnxdwilK ilieir rilliM, wliieh had bn ■
brought tln'm before Waeousla ennnnoneed his desii" t.
Without order or lombination, Krskine, Hb'ssiiig'';: , .nd
nearly halT of their re.<|>ef'tiv.- eompanii'.s, t'olhiwi ,1 as
they conlil ; and dH(H'r»uig ailhey advanced, sought only
uliie|i ooold oulitrip his IIIIouh ni the pursuit.
Meanwhile the t'ugltive, assisted in his fall by (lie
gradual rcn>ling asundi'r of the Mm", had olicyed the im-
pulsion fir-> given to Ins active I'orni, unid, siiddeidy
cbtcking HiniwU by the r.>pe, ho dropiieil with lii« feit
ilownwnnl intii the ci ntie of the d>teb. l''or a moment
he dis.ippi'.'ired, then cnmi' again uiimjured o the siirtiu'e ;
mtd in iIh face of inor.' than lilly ni> n, v In., lining the
MMipart with their mo^kets ! vclhd to ti ke him at ad-
vaiiLigr th< instant he sbonlil reapinar, sri mcd to laugh
thoir offnrK to sporn. iioliling Clara Ix' ire him as a
shield, tlirough whieli the liullelK of Ilia neinies inusl
POSH hrtt)re the\ roitld ntlain hii . in iTn|K'l -d his giirnn-
tie ftiriii with n backward inovcni <ii towari s llie opposite
hank, wliieli he nipiilly asccndiil; .iinl, xll.l l'ronliii<r his
rneniict.. r»nimpncp<l iiix lliiyht i i that iimnnir with a
miw-mI wliieli (cniiHidrrinB ik ndililional weight of '|m
ilMwtied garnn-ins if Imtli wa . ini-oiK civable. Tlie
eoiirsi taken by liii-i wan mil throui^h the town, but cir-
euilnuilv nrnmn 'Ik' coniiiion Miilil he nrrivid on Hint
Iminediair linn wlmnce, as wc have Is-fore staled, the
hridgfiw'.< riiatinctlv viniWr tVo.n the rampart ; on which,
FM-arlv the whole of thf rMnniniiig Iroopi, in defiancK of
the presence of their austere chief, were now eagerly
assembled, watching, with unspeakable interest, the pro-
gress of the chase.
Desperate as were the exertions of Wacousta, who
evidently continued this mode of flight from a conviction
that the instant his person was loll exposed the firo-arnis
of his pursuers would be brought to bear upon him, the
two ollieers in front, aniiiiated by the most extraordinary
exertions, were rapidly gaining upon liiin. Already won
one within filly yards of him, when u. loud yell was
heard from the bridge. This was fiercely answered by
the fleeing man, and in a manner that implied his glad
sense of coming rescue. Ju the wild exultation of the
moment, he raised Claia high above his head, to show
her in triumph to the governor, whose person his keen
eye could easily distinguish among those crowded upon
the rampart. In the gratified vengeance of that hour, he
.seemed utterly to overlook the actions of those who were
so near him. During this brief scene. Sir Evcrard had
dropped u|K)n one knee, and supporting his elbow on the
other, uinied his rifie at the heart of the ravislicr of his
wile. All c.\ulting shout burst from the pursuing troops.
Wacousta bounded a tV'w leet in air, and placing his
hand to his side, uttered another .yell, more, appalling than
any that had hitherto csca|>ed him. His fiight was now
uncertain and wavering. He staggered as one who had
received a mortal wound; and discontinuing his unequal
mode of retreat, turned his back ujion his pursuers, and
threw all his remaining energies into a final effort at
escajic.
Inspirited by the success of his shot, and expecting
mnmentarily to sei^ him fall weakened with the loss of
blood, the excited Valletort redoubled his exertions. To
his infinite joy, he found that the eflorts of the fugitive
became feebler at each moment. Johnstone was about
twenty paces behind him, and the pursuing party at
about the sani" distance from Johnstone. 'I'lic baronet
had now reached his enemy, and already was the butt of
his rifio raised with both hands with murdcniis intent
when suddenly Wacousta, every feature 'l! :orted with
rage and pain, turned like a wounded lioi. at bay, and
eluding the blow, dc|)osited the unconsei us Ibrm ot' his
victim up<iii the sward. S|iringing u> .n his infinitely
weaker pursuer, he grappled him fnri.iusly by the throat,
exclaiming through his elenehcd teeth : —
".Nay then, since you will provoke your fate — he it
so. J)ie like a dog, and be d d, for having balked
me of my just revenge '."
Ax he spoke, he hurled the gasping officer to the earth
with a violence that hetrnyi d the drcadl'ul excitement of
his soul, and again hastened to ii8.mre himself of his
prize.
Meanwhile, Lieutenant Johnttunc hi d ooinc up, and
.seeing his eompaiaon struggling, as he presumed with
advantage, with his severely w.iunded enemy, made it his
first care to .se uri' the unhappy girl; for whose recovery
the pursuit I 111 been priiu ipally instituted. Quitting his
ritle, he n i.v' ess.iyed to raise her in his arms. She was
without iil'e nr consciousness, and the impression on his
iiiinil .vas that ahe was dead.
V i>\V' in the ,ict of raising her, the terrible Wueoiista
vhI at his side, his vast chest I., aving tbrth a laugh of
lingled rage and contempt. B"fi>re the olfieer could
extr ate, with a view of iletiiiding hiiiisiif, his arms vsere
pinioned as though in u vice; and ere lie could recover
from his surprise, he le! In nsolf I '. ' up and thrown to
a considerable distance > hen .i. i.|«;ncil Ins eyes a
:noinent atlerwnrds, hu <vii.' lying umid the mo Ing feet
of his own iiicii.
Krom the instant of ilie closing of the unliiniMaie
VaMeliirl with his encin,, the Indians, hastening to the
assistance of their eliiet, had "omc up, and a desultory
fire had already conimeiiccd, diverting. In a great degree,
the attention of the troops I'roiii the pursued. Emliold-
ened by liiis new aspect of tilings, Waeoosta now ilelits'-
rati ly grasped the rille that had been abnndoneil by
Johnstone; and raising it to his shoulder, fired among the
group collected on the ramparts. Kor a moinenl he
watched the result of bis shot, and tlien, |H:aling liirll
another fierce yill, hi' hurled the now useless weapon
into the very heart of his pursuers ; nnd again raining
Clera in Ilia arms, once more commeneid his retre.it,
wliieli, undor cover of the fire of his party, wua easily
effected.
" Who haa fnlb'n V demanded the governor of his nil-
jillanl, perceiving that some one had Is'i'ii bit at his side,
yd without taking his tyes olVhiit terrible enemy.
" .Mr. Drhiie, sir," was the reply. " He h.i" been shot
through the heart, and his im n nre b<'nring him iVoiii the
ramnntt."
"Tins must not Im>," reaiiinril Vlie fovornor with
energy. " Private feelings must no longer be sluilicd,!
the expense of the public good. That pursuit is jioi,,
less ; and already too many of my officers have faltj
Desire the retreat to be sounded, Mr. Lawson. Captain I
Wciitworth, let one or two covering guns be brought (,
bear upon the 8,'vages. They arc gradually iucriasicj
in numbers; and' if wc delay, the party will be whoUj
cut off."
In issuing these orders. Colonel do Haldimar eviiiccii
a cqmposcdness that astonished all who heard liiin. Bi!
Ithongh his voice was calm, despair was upon his liroa.
Still he continued to gaze fixedly on the retreating torn 1
of his enemy, until he finally disappeared bcliinj the
orchard of the ('anadian of the Fleur do lis.
Obeying the summons from the fort, the troops niii
out now commenced their retreat, bearing off the Ixxlipi I
of their fallen officers and several of their comrades win
had fallen by the Indian fire. There was a sliow of I
harassing them on their return; hut they were tooimr
the fort to apprehend much danger. Two or three wl\.
dircetrd discharges of artillery effectually cheeked iIk I
onward progress of t!io savages ; and, in the course of i [
minute, they had again wholly disappeared.
In gloomy silence, and with anger and disappointmni
in their hearts, the detachment now re-entered the ton.
Johnstone was only severely bruised ; Sir Everard Valk. [
tort not dead. Both were copvcyed to the same room, I
where they were instantly attended by tlic surgeon, nbo I
pronounced the situation of the latter liojieless. [
Major B)".i k .vater. Captains Blessington and Krskiw I
Lieutenn ,(b Leslie and Koyee, and Ensigns FortescBel
and S' nmers, >.cre now the only regimentiil officers ihu I
reniniiicd of thirteen originally comprising the strcngHJ
of the garrison. The who'o of these stood groupnjl
around their colonel, who s(. mcd transfixed to the ipoil
he had first occupied on the rampart, with his arm I
folded, and his gaze bent in the direction in which lie hud |
lost sight of Wacousta and his child.
Hitiicrto t!ic morning had been cold and cheerless, ml I
■ •lijects in the far distance were but indistinctly tfal
tlirou: Il a humid atmosphere. At about half an liocil
lore mid-day the air became more rarified, uiid, iltl
murky clouds gradually disappearing, left the blotl
autumnal sky without spot or blemish, rresently, u I
the bells of the fort struck twelve, a yell ns of a Icjioi
of devils rem the air; and, riveting their gaze iniirtl
lireelion, all beheld the bridge, hitherto deserted, suJ.f
denly covt'rcd with a multitude of savoges, among fflioml
were several individuals attired in the European girk,!
and evidently prisoners. Each officer had a tdesoopil
raised to his eye, and each prepared himself, shudderinglr.l
for some horrid consummation. I'rcscnlly the hnijil
was cleared of all but a double line of what npiieared lol
be women, armed with war-clulis and tomahawks. Alon;!
I lie line were now seen to pas*, in slow suecission, thil
[irisoners that had previously been observed. At citil
tip they took (and it was evident tliev bad birncoit.l
pcllcd to run the gauntlet,) a blow was inlliclid liy Mml
one or other of the line, mitil the wretched victims wctfl
ueci'ssivcly di'S[>atclicd. A loud yell from the warticn.J
who, nltlio igli hidden from view by the interveninjl
irclmrds, were evidently merely apcctato^s in the liloodrl
driinin, announced each death. These yi^lls wirr rt.f
pealed, at intervals, to about the number of thirty, wlm
suddenly, thi! bridge was again deserted os belen,
Aller the lapse of a minute, the tall figure uf a ™|
rior was seen to advance, holding a fiinnle in \nsiitm
No one couhl mistake, even at that distance, the piguid
pro|iorticinB of Wacousta, as he stood in the ixtrfnl
cinire of the bridge, in ini|iosiiig relief against .'liilli*
that glittered like a wa of glass beyond. From I
el ,nI there now burst n single y^ 'I ; but,alllioiigluudilili
if was fainter than any ri'mcnilxTcd ever to have
heard from him by the garrison. He then .uhancrillj
the exlreme edge of the bridge ; and, raising the Iwimj
the leinale far above his head willi his h tl linnd, s
to wave her in vcn/eful triumph. A second wnrrinrilj
seen upon the bridge, nod alt^aling cautiously tii tiir
isiiiit. The right hand of the first warrior ttsi i
ruised and brandished ill air ; in the .lext instant it 4
seeiided u|m>ii the breast of the fi'ir ale, who fell ftonl
(irniH iii<o the ra\.ne U'neatb. Yells of triiiiii|tli IVonid
Indians, nnd shouts of exierntion fioni llie mlilill
mingled fiiinlly together. At that mom "it the ami
the HI nd warrior was raised, and a blade wim tmi
glider III the snnsliinc. His aim desecniled, aiiilVl|
coiistii w.is obscrvi dtostfiBgerferward anill'iM b- I'liiil
the abyss into whieh bis victim hud thcinKtunl Iki<
precipilnled. Another loud yell, hut of disnppiiintniml*
"iigir, wni heard drowning tlia! of rxultaiinn f«iUl
the 'riimMihiint warrior, win), darting In the open
trcniily of tlie
margin of the i
nccive liini. I
(111', .sent the wut
Ills way across t
Canada before a
How fell — ho\
this brief but te
With Ms arms st
the murder of hi
shed nut a tear
irradiate his palli
I that anniliilatcd I
j shaded by an exp
" It is done, gei
I tragedy is elo.sed,
and I am — childh
J louring to stifle il
I lion, " pay every a
I see that the drav
I .'uid direct lliat thi
I every way as here
Leaving his olfi
I III' iiiind that couli
I the most heart-ren
I now quitted the ra
I marked for the fin
I his way musingly
WACOirSTA, OR THE PROPHECY.
271
gcr be studied it
purBuit 18 liope.
CITS liavc fullin.
lawfon. Caplaio i
ins b«! brouglii t,
duiilly iiicruasint
ty will be wholl'j
lialdiinar cv'mcci
I heard him, Bgi
as upon hia liiow.
le retreating forn,
leared behind ihe
lO lis.
t, the troops witii.
ring off the Wits
leir comrades wha ]
ro was a e\\m
they were too ntit !
Two or three will.
tually cheeked llit
, in the course of i
icared.
md disapyi^'ntmttt I
rc-cnlered the Ion. '
; Sir Evernrd Vilk.
to the same room, I
ly tlie surgeon, «ho |
lio\)elc8s.
ington and P'.rskinf. |
Ensigns Fotle»c\K I
;imciiUU otticcts thu I
prising the strcngtk I
licse stood groupnlj
■anstixcd to the spS I
jart, with his otiiiil
lion in which hehsdl
treniity of tlie bridge, directed his flight along the
narein of ""^ f'™'! wlioro a light canoe was ready to
' ,^j,.g iiini. Into tliis lie sprang, and, seizing tlie paiK
'."i,, :^■n^. the waters Ibaming Irom its sides ; and, pursuing
lis way across the river, had nearly gained the shores of
fanada before a bark was to be seen toUowing in pursuit.
ug^, {^•\^ how acted Colonel do Haldimar throughout
this brief but terrible scene ? He uttered not a word,
with I'is iir"'* '''" '"'•''"^ acrosij his breast, ho gazed upon
llie murder of his child ; but ho heaved not a groan, he
hcd nut a tear. A momentary triumph seemed to
irradiate Ilia pallid features, when he saw tlie blow struck
that annihilated his enemy ; but it was again instantly
shadeil by an expression of the most profound despair.
" It is "done, gentlemen," he a.' length remarked. " 'l"he
tfoffcdy is closed, the curse of Ellen Hnlloway is fulfilled,
i uJ 1 i„i_childless !— Blackwatcr," he pursued, endea.
vouring to stillc ilie emotion produced by the lalt reflec-
tion " P»y '■'^"'y attention to the security of the (garrison,
siv that the drawbridge is again proi>erly chained up,
■ind direct that the duties of the troops be prosecuted in
ivory way as heretofore."
Leaving his olflcers to wonder at and pity that apathy
„l' mind that could mingle the mere forms of duty with
I the 11109' heart-rending associations, Colonel de Iluldiniar
I now quilted the rampart ; and, with a head that was rc-
1 marked for the first time to droop over his chest, paced
Ins way inusingly to his apartments.
CH.Vt'TER XXXVt.
Ni^lil iiad long since drawn her circling mantle over
Ithc westorn hemisphere ; and dee|)cr, far deeper than the
Lloom of tlial nigiit was the despair which filled every
llwsoiii of the devoted garrison, whoso fortunes it has
Ifallen to our lot to record. A silence, prolbund as that
lot' death, jH'rvaded the ramparts and exterior defences of
Itlic t'crlress, internipted only, at long intervals, by the ciis-
Itoinary " All 's well !" of tlic several sentinels ; which,
liillfr llic awful events of the day, seemed to many who
Tliow heard it as A' uttered in mockery of their hoiwless-
Iiud of sorrow. The lights within the barracks of the
Urn had heeii long since extinguished ; and, consigned
|o a mere reimse of limb, in which the eye and heart
Ihircd not, the inlVrior soldiery pressed their rude
louehcs with spirits worn out by a succession of painful
tstitcniei.ts, and frames debilitated by much abstinence
Ld watehiug. It was an hour at which sleep was
fowl to atl'ord them the bh-SKing of a t(Uii(Hirary tbrgel-
juliiess of endurances that weighed the more hi avily as
Ihc) were believed to be endless ard without iVuit ; but
ilwpliad now apparently U'eii banished froi.i all ; ior the
and contused iimrmur that met tin' I'ar from the
Icvrral bloek-houses was continuous and general, betrayiuj;
d times, :uid in a loiiiler key, words that bore reference
otiic trofiie oecunenoes of the day.
I Tlio only lights visilile in the fort proceeded from the
Tiard hnuse and a room ndjoiirnig that of the ill-fated
fliatlrs de llaldlniar. Within tln^ latti-r were rnllreteil,
lith tlie exception of the governor, and gr(iu|H'd around
Ik'diHi which lay one of their coinpaiiioiis in a nearly
ppiring slate, the ofticers of the garrison, reduced nearly
I'lliinlin number since we first oflered them to the
Jolioe of our readers. The dying man was !Sir Kverard
liilttnrt, who, supported by pillows, was conelunling a
itratiK' that had iHiaiiieil the earnest utl<'nti(in of his
luililury, even amid the deep and luartlllt syiii|Mithy
,.'ibl> ui each lor tlie liirlorn and hopeless eoiidition
f Oil' .larrat.jr. At (he side of the unhappy baronet,
lldenvrl.i|x'd in a dressing gown, m if recently 'Hit of
kd, sat, ri< lining in a rude ellww eliiiir, one whose pallid
yinliiiuiiii ilcnoled that, although f»r less seriously
■jiiri il, he, Ion, hud sulVered noverely : — ■•.t wiut Liontinanl
ptiiistiim'.
Iriir n.irrative was iil length eloird ; ami the officer,
lb«;isliil liy the elforl lie hud made in s anxiety to
minaiiii ale every partieular to his utt> live uixl sur-
limil ('iiiii|miiions, hud HiHik hack upon his pillow, ivlien,
Iddmlv, till loud and niUMtual " Wlm eoniei there '" of
[«'iilinel Htiitionpd on IW' rainiwrtubuve lli.' gateway,
ruled evi'iy ,,ir. A niiiinwiU 01 pauiw' sueteeded, wIhm
liin was heard the " Stainl, friend !" uvldeiitly given in
fi) to the liiiiiiliar iinawer to the original ( hallenge
till »cri' aiidibli nipid miiveinent' in tlie guanl-huilM',
lot uuiii tmuieil I nmi teiii|iurary sliiiiilx'r, niid hastening
■III'' i'-iihl wlieiici' the vttiee proeeeflef!
Tili'iilK yet linrrii'illy Ihe ollieers now i|uilter| the l»il-
fcof the dying man, lcavin)( only tlii' scrgfon and the
BiM Jiilnwliine Ix hind Ihern ; and, (lying to the rum.
f1.ll uhI III Ihe iiuxl minute eoiifuundml wit'i tlie gunrd
' nn jlrriitty gruiipcd round (he elioll /inr ■wnli
iiel, bending their gaze eagerly in llie direction of the
road.
" What now, man ? — whom have you challenged 7"
asked Major Ulackwaler.
"It is I — Dc Flahhiiiar," hoarsely exclaimed one of
four dark figures that, hitherto unnoticed by the oflicers,
stood inimeilii.tely beyond the ditch, with a burden de-
posited at their feet. " Quick, lilackwater, let us in for
God's sake! Each succeeding minute may liring a
scouting party on our track. Lower the drawbridge 1"
"Impossible!" exclaimed the major: "after all that
has passsed, it is more than my coininission is worth to
lower the bridge without porniissiou. Mr. Lawsoii, quick
to the governor, and report that C'aptain di; Haldimar is
hero : with whom shall he say ?" again addressing the
impatient and almost indignant olficer.
" With Miss de Haldimar, l''rani,'ois the Canadian, and
one to whom we all owe our lives," hurriedly returned
the oflieer ; " and you may add," lie continued gloomily,
" the corpse of my sister. Hut while we stand in parley
here, we are lost: Jjawsou fly to my father, and tell him
we wait for entrance."
Willi nciirly the speed enjoined the adjutant departed.
Scarcely a minute elapsed when he again stood uimii tlii^
rampart, and advancing closely to the niojor, whispered
a ftiw words in his ear,
" Good God ! can it be possible ? When? llow came
his? hut we will enquire hiler. 0|K'n the gate; down
with the bridge, Leslie," addressing the olficer of the
guard.
The command was instantly obeyed. The officers
flew to receive the fugitives ; and as the latter crossed
the drawbridge, the light of a lantern, that hail been
brought from the guard-room, flashed full upon the
Imrassed countenances of Captain and Miss de Haldimar,
l'"rani,'ois the Canadian, and the devoted Diieanasta.
Silent and melancholy was the greeting that took place
between the parties : the voice spoke i\ot ; the hanil alone
was elo<iuent ; but it was in the cloqnence of sorrow only
tliat it indulged. Pleasure, even in this almost despaired
of re-nnion, could not be expressed ; and even the eye
shrank troiii mutii:il encounter, as if its very glance at
such a moment were sacrilege. Ki lulled to a sense nl'
her situation by the preparation of tiie men to raise the
bridge, the Indian woniiui was the first to break Ihe
silence.
" The Saganaw is safe willnii his fort, and the girl of
Ihe pale faces will lay her head upon his bosom," she
leniarktil solemnly. "tVueanasta will go to her solitary
wigwam among Ihe red skins." ^
The heart ol Madeline de Haldimar was oppressed by
the vviij.'ht of iiniiiy griefs; y<l she could not seethe
Itvneroiis lueserver of her life, and the rescuer of the
IhhIv of her ill.fiited cousin, depart without emotion.
IVawing a ring of some value and great beaiily, from
her finger, « liieli she had more than once ubserved the
Indian to admire, slie {daeed it on her hand ; and then,
throwing herself on the bosom of the taithfnl creature,
einhra('ed her witli deep manifestation^ of alTcction, hut
without iittf ring a word.
t)ueaiiasta wa.^ sensibly gratified : she riiiscd her large
eyes li> I. iven a* if i'l tliaiiktiihu'ss ; and liy the light of
the huilern, whirli fell upon her dark but expressive
eountenaivee, tears were to he seen starting unbidden
from their source.
Released from the emlirru e of her, whose life she had
twice preserved at imminent peril lo her own, the Iiiiliaii
iigaiu pri'pareil to diparl ; but there was aiiotlier, who,
like Maiii'liiie, although strielieii by many sorrows, coiild
not liirego the testirnuny of his hiMirt's gratitude, (^np-
tain de Haldimar, who, during this short scene, had
ilespalched i messenger to his room for the ;iurpose, now
iidvuiieedio the poor girl, bearing a short liul elegantly
tnouiiled dagger, wliieh lie begged her to deliver as a
tohm of his triendship to the yimng eliiet her hrnther.
\lr t.licii dropped on one knee at her I'eel, and raising her
luuwl, pruwd It liTvently against his heart; nn aeiimi
whirti, even to thu untutored ininil of the Indian, bore
evidence only of the feeling that pronipted il. A iieavy
sigh escaped her InlNiiiring chest; and as th<^ oflieer now
niHC and quitted her harA, she turned slowly and with
dignity from him, and erossiiig the druwliridge. was in
a lew iiiinnleH lust in lie' surrounding ghmin.
t)nr isiadi'rs l«ve donhfiess, nntiiipalrit the eominunl-
ealion madi t» Wajoi Warkwnler by the Vdjiilanl Law
will ilowi'il iliwii til me ihist by the nri.'uiiiplislniienl
of lin . nrse "' t'AifXi llallowiiy, the inflexibility of Colonel
de Hntoi(llar'^ imtli^ was not proof agnmsl Ihe utter an-
nihilintwii tviuiirlir in liis Iio|h'h as ii fiilinr by the imre-
li nliiig iiiiireil if Oie enemy his early falsehood and
trearh' n iwwl imwif up lo him. When the ndjiiLiiil
entered bis apartmenl, the stony coldness of his check
attested he had been dead some hours.
We pass over the (vw days of bitter trial that succeeded
to the restoration of Captain de Haldimar and his bride
to their friends ; days, during which were consigned to
the same grave the bodies of the governor, his lamented
children, and the scarcely b.'ss regretted Sir Everard
Vallelort. The funeral service was attempted byt'ap-
tain Ulessington ; but the strong afl'ection of that excellent
oflieer, for tliree of the defimct parties at lea.st, was not
armed against the trial. He had undertaken a task far
beyond his strength ; and scarcely had camnicnced, ere
he w;is compelled to relinquish the performance of the
ritual to the adjutant. A large grave had been dug close
under the rampart, and near the fatal flag-stafl', lo receive
the bodies of their deceased friends; and, as they were
biwered successively into tluir last earthly resting place,
tears fell nnrestrainedly over the bronzed checks of the
oldest soldii ri, while many a female sob blended with
and gave touehing solemnity to the scene.
(In the morning of the third day from this quadruple
inlerineni, notice was given by one of the sentinels that
nn Indian was npproaeliing the fort, making signs as if
in demand fiir a parley. The officers, headed by Major
Blackwatcr, now become the commandant of tlii' place,
immediately ascended the rampart, when the stranger
was nt once recognised by Captain de Haldimar for the
young Ottawa, the preserver of his life, and liic avenger
of the deatlis of those they mourned, in whose girdle was
thrust, in seeming pride, the richly mounted dagger that
oflieer had caused to ho conveyed to him through his no
less generous sister. A long conference ensued, in the
language of J be Oltawas, between the parties just named,
the purimrt of which was of high moment to the garri-
son, now nearly reduced to the last extremity. The
young chief had come to apprise tlicin, that, won by the
noble conduct of the English, on a late occasion, whep.
his war-iors were wholly in their power, Ponteac hud
expres,sed a generous determination to conclude a pence
with the garrison, and In nceforth to consider them as his
friends. This he had publicly declared in a huge council
f the chief'i, held the preceding night; and Ihe motive
of the Ottawa's coining was lo assure the English, that,
on tliis occasion, their great leader was perfectly sincere
in a resolution, at which he had the more readily arrived,
now that his terrible coniljnlor and vindictive adviser was
nil more. He prepared them for the coming of Ponteac
and the principal chiefs of the league to demand a coun-
cil on Ihe morrow ; and, with this final communication,
again withdrew.
The t)llawa was right. Within a wcik from that
|H"rio(l Ihe English were to he seen once more issuing
from their fort; and, nltiioiigh many mnnUis elapsed be-
fore the wounds of their snfl'ering hearts were healed,
still were they grateful lo Providence for their final pre-
servation from a doom that li.id faUen, without exception,
on every fiirtiess on the line of frontier in which they lay.
'I'iine rolleil on; and, in the course of years, Oneanaslu
might he seen associating with and hearing eiiriinis pre-
sents, Ihe fruits of Indian ingeimily, to the daughters of
De Haldimar, now become Ihe (olonel of Ihe legi-
nieiil; while her brother, Ihe chief, instructed his sons in
till' allilclii' and active exc'cises peculiar to his race. As
liir poor Ellen Halloway, search had been made fur her,
bufshe never was heard of afterwards.
KNll OP WACOUSTA.
REGARD EOR HOME.
Ill all my wand'rings round Ibis world of care,
In ail my gnefs, and God has given my share —
I still had ho|Hs, my latesl hours In eiown,
.Vmidsl lliese humble liow'rs to lay me down:
To l.usband out life's taiS'V at Ihe close,
And keep the flaine Iroin wasting, by re|)OHe :
I still had ho|ics, for pride ali.'uds us still,
Amidst the swains to show my Uuik-leurned akill,
Around iiiv fire an evening group to draw.
And tell of all I felt, a-..' all 1 saw ;
.\iid, as a hare, whom hounds and horns pursue,
Pauls lo Ihe place from whence at first he llew,
I sliU luiil ho|i<'s, my long vixations past,
Here III return, and tlie at home at last.
< >, blest retireinenl, friend to life's ileeline.
Retreat from enre that never iiiiihI be iiiine !
How blest is ne, who crowns, in shades like llieae,
A youth of InlMHir willi an age of ease:
Willi i|nits a world where siroiig leinptulions try.
And, .'^ince 'lis hard lo rnnibnl, lenrns lo flv.
OuUtmitli.
■■■■?nbi*'' :. •"■^'J
•,i';MpiM:,:',r:«:
■'itf;']':^: i: ■ '.;r^
■ ■•■■ ■ •!■ '.itW
■:■■-■ ■ ■ ■',>-■
Sfw't,: - . .' i'..':,ifii
&'* ,'■': "!'i''''sl
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''Jit
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•^'
272
MRS. LVSHINGTON'S NARRATIVE.
! E|/~f»"*KVI(!J.i!»
■I {0^
FROM
CALCUTTA TO EUROPE BY WAY OF EGYPT,
IN THE TEARS 1827 AND 1828.
BY MRS. CHARLES LUSHINGTON.
Introduction to the first American edition.
Two ladies claim the honour of being the first to per-
form the land journey between India and England; Mrs.
Lushington from India, and Mrs. Colonel Ellwood to that
country. The narrative of tlie former we liave preferred
for publication on account of its superior style and greater
brevity, having been avowedly condensed from the origi-
nal notes; whilst Mrs. Ellwood's two ponderous volumes
have been immoderately swelled from the writings of
other travellers, witliout emhracing more i)er!ional adven-
tures than those described in the following pages. Both
authors liave established in their own personal sketches
tlic possibility and even feasibility of this Journey for
ladies, and it may be ;^rc8Umcd that many others will
follow their example.
The perusal of such books enhances our opinion of fe-
male intrepidity in thus venturing to pioneer the way
Utrough deserts, and among savage hordi'H ; while at tlie
same time our admiration is excited by the display of
knowledge and correct taste in those who could not only
perform the feat, luit I'urnish the general reader with an
agreeable aecouiil of it.
The present may be called a travelling century; the
English press lias teemed for many years witli books dI
tours through every country accessible to the restless,
tlie idle, or the scicnlitie ; but " the Continent" has been
particularly overrun with book makers. Every one talks
familiarly of
" The Alps and Appenincs,
The Pyrenean, and the river Po."
It is refreshing to turn from these, and viait tlu' coun-
try of the Pyramids, with an intelligent feinak jfuiue like
the lady who has here indited a short and spirited itine-
rary through r.'gions never before visited by an European
female.
AUTHOR'S PREFACE.
When the author left Cnleutla, slio promised novrrol
of her friends there to keep a journal of the occurrences
of her journey, and to furnish thorn with copies of It <<<
enable them to judge ol the practicability of the unttcr-
Uking, os|Hicially by ladies, and to deterniiiio wlietlior the
enjoyment would be likely to comper.!ial« for the iiicon-
vciiienees in!<e|Nirable from travelling alterniilely by
water and by land, and partly through countries iiii|iro-
vided with the coniliuts and liicilitios of civilised life.
In 4hort, she was expected to give a faithful CHtirniite
•>f the comparative udtantugos brtwcen the lung tried
passage round tlio ('ape of (iood Hope, and what was
tainiliarly called the" jouri -y overland through Egypt."
In order to comply with these wishes, she kept very
detailed notes of all that happened throughout her tra-
vels; but when the lime of copying them arrived, she
found it required some inimeiliate stimulus to compel her
not to defer the task of arrangenient and tianscripliun.
Frequent enquiries res|>flcting Kgypt, nol« ithstandiiig
the nunieroUH oxeellont books nlroudy published rolulive
to that country, indur >' her to think that a narrative ol
her juurnoy, in a plain and unpretending furiii, might be
presoiittd to the public, and her engagements to her dis
tant friends bo thus I'liMlllod. These cuiisidoruliuni led
to the present public!ition.
The author in deeply sensible how much the defiicts
of her b(W)k will demand indiil'reiice, as it has not boon
revised liy any literary |)erson, hut wus at nnco delivered
by he rso If into the hiinils of the publirlier ; inileiul, little
alteration has been iniido in the uriginiil juurnal, beyond
adapting its contents In a narrative form, and omiltinu
details tliat might prove lodiutis, and doicrijitioni which
had been infinitely better executed by established au
thorities.
Previously to her entering Egypt, the author, of
course, consulted the best writers on the subject, and oc-
casionally referred to them when viewing the splendid
remains ofantiquity of which they tieal; yet the reader
must not be disappointed, if in the following pages be
merely found the record of her own sentiments and ob-
servatious, as it was her undeviating object to preserve
them, as far as possible, unbiased by the opinions she
had read. Although, tJierefore, her imperfect work
will prove quite utiworthy the notice of the scientifie,
and those who require deep research, and acute dis<|ui-
sition, still it may not, she flatters herself, bo found use-
less to those who contemplate a similar journey, nor
wholly unamusing to people fond of light reading.
Lastly, the author has naturally calculated that some
persons, who a^e friendly to her, will be interested in
the narrative ; it is possible that others may derive
benefit from her experience ; and it is too probable that
many may disapprove of her presumption in publishing
at all : but it is impossible (and she fearlessly asserts it)
that the work can give one moment's pain to a single
individual.
CHAPTER I.
Rcfliclions on Irnviiig Calcutla— Depiirturo in tlie Ganges Steam
Vei^t'i'l— Veyairt' to TriiicoiniilL' — UoiiulnlL' apiiearancu of ihe
placi"— I'diiit tie Guile— llcauly ot" iIid Bceiicry— .Mrs. Uibsuu's
bcliuul.
For many years tlie plan of returning to England
from India by the Red Sea and Egypt had been familiar
to my imagination. The facility of the undertaking had
been satisltictorily demonstrated by a gentleman who
edited one of the C'alciitta newspapers, and who rccoin
mended the route on his own experience of its eligibility;
and I constantly dwelt on the delightful contrast of cm
ploying tlie necessary period of passing from Asia to
Europe, in cxjiloring the novelties of the Desert; in
viewing the sluiiendous monuments of Egypt ; and in
visiting the lovely countries of Sicily and Italy ; instead
of devoting five long months to the monotony of a voy-
age round the Cape of Good Hope, in a ship crowded
with passengers, little known, or too well known, and
distracted by the mirth or liractiousncss of numerous
children.
Whether from early prejudice, from frequent illness,
from witnessing the generally dreadful devastation of
the climate, or from the loss of friends, I had not done
justice to India, nor appreciated the advantages which,
iiotwithstandiiif; its various drawbacks, it still afforded.
To return to Kiigland was the incessant yearning ol'
my heart; and, while coni|ielled to remain in Bengal, I
merely exercised a resignation similar to that of tlie suf-
ferers in Dante's Purgatory, who were
Contenti
Nel fuoco, [icrchc spcran di veniro
Ijuando ehe sia, allc beate geiiti.
But, although the hope of rctnrning home had latterly
buoyed ine uj), and rendered all the Bufferings from tin
climate light, yot, when the event actiiiilly arrived, il
was attended with fiir different feelings. The dissolution
of I'liig-est.Tlilished associations was acutely painliil. The
recollection of tlie many years of youth and hapiiiness
passed away ; the sober nticipations of the fiiture
which hail taken place of cxpeetatioiis of unlwunded en-
j.iymenl ; (,and who at one p<'rio<l of life doc's ntit look
forward in the same manmr ') the purling with niiiner
ous valued friends endear.. I liy similarity of Imliils and
pursuits, so wcttK. nod, fiir the time, my anxii'y to quit
the eonntry, that 1 no longer wondered at that deternii
nation, or rather change of determinnlion, so fktal to
many, of " remaining one year more "
III leaving India, after many yesrs' residence, thin
is, |H'rliaps, MO greater demand on sensibility and uood
l<'<ling than a sale of oin 's property. Time is wMoin
allowed for much consideration before the \\~\\v i«
thrown open to the publie ; and «» th, inii'ii*^ nn iin .it"
indiiig home murh kvuiufe n*»Uls ul IHtte selerli.Mi,
many tokens •>(■ ri'iiHwrH-noer imiKt he parird with ;
pa |ier after p^,»< «i»rrilieed; the bundle of Utters put
>y fir fiitun t onsideralioii, taken up again, and ox"'"
put by ;.> iHMeCoiisidered, Mill, in the end, must share tlir
same f'lite | ai..' thus are dvstroycd kind cxi)ri'i.»ions,
and assurances of regard «iid nlli'etion, which wore to
solnrc many an evening in t\iture life. Tliosr only wlm
li.i\e Is'en similarly sltui|ted can understtind nil the dis-
tress whieli Miieli scenes oocasion, even under the lenst
anuoying circuinstanoefi; but when these take place iu
consequence of the death of the master of the famil?,
the case is greatly aggravated. In India it is alniostiij
variably the practice to sell by auction tlie cffucls of i
person deceased, a few days after his demise ; qimI j|
often happens, by the precipitation of an unconcernni
executor, that the unfortunate survivor is irretrievably
deprived of what might have best conduced to lier coo.
Bolation.*
1,1 England, on the contrary, the son, or some ne«
relative, generally succeeds to the estate, and the widow
is not immediately ejected from the house to which nhe
has been accustomed. At all events, there is a liong
where tlie family eirclc can assemble ; every local tic ii
not in a moment dissevered : whereas, in India, iIm
widow, within a few weeks, if not a few days from the
filial event, is hurried on board ship, almost ignorant of
the spot where her husband's remains arc dejiositcd, and
can only teach her children that tlieir father lies bumd
in a distant land, and that to them his tomb is now in.
accessible.
Travellers proceeding to England from Bengal by th
Red Sea, find it difficult to reconcile the several favourable
seasons for sailing. To arrive at Bombay early in De.
cember, which is tlie best time for leaving it for the Rrf
Sea, it is necessary to quit Bengal before the north.ci!t
monsoon has begun ; hence a sailing ship has a rcryic.
dious, and probably a boisterous possagc. Wc wen,
however, so fortunate as to procure aceoinniodalion in
one of the company's steam vessels, which had Ik en nr.
dered round to Bombay just at the very time it suilej
our purpose. My prudent Calcutta friends poureii ii
upon mc remonstrances against the whole of the undti.
taking. They represented to me the discomfort and ri.<i
of the steamer, the shoals of the Red Sea, the homni
the desert, and the uncertainties of the Turkish govcni.
ment; but I had duly weighed all these diffieultics, whidi
I was s.itisfied I had suf^cient courage and fortitude lo
encounter. In addition to tliis, the stimulus of |)orfomi.
ing a journey which no female from our side of Indii
had achieved before me, joined to the advantage of In.
veiling with the party which was expecting us at Don.!
bay, made every peril appear light; — so promising J
some, whom I was about to leave, a narrative of niyii
ventures, 1 embarked ''n board the Ganges, on the l!ill|
of September, 1827.
As the Ganges was an experimental vessel, it may
he amiss shortly to describe her. She was bulk of ti
pierced for ten guns ; carried two engines of fortj-hi
(lower each, and was intended for cither a vessel of'
or deapatch. Unfbrtunately, however, in quidifying
for the former purpose, too much regard had ken piidi
solidity, and the object of celerity was thus dtfcatedi
force of our steam in calm wenthcr impelling m lii
more than five miles an hour against the swell. Nei
thcless this very defect proved a benefit to us in the en!
as the strength of her build prevented our fcelini
tremulous motion so generally complained of oa
steam vessels.
I was surprised to find that wo experienced inucb
heat in the steamer than we should have done si
same season in a sailing vessel. Her prr|H'tual iiw
caused a cnrteiit of air even during ttie ealiii>, and
found the elimati' still cooUr when the wiiul «m
tiury, thiin when it was fair, as we have had to prcM
ward against it, and the steam was carried off inuchil
our he;id.s.
It was originally intended that wc shouU proceed
reclly to Point dc Galle, for wfiicli end wi had, «
Kup|)oscd, taken in a supply of coal tor fifteen daji'
* Among llie Europeans in India there nrc mH
any old ihtsoiis, as ulinost every body is a ti'iii{Kiiu|
siiKiii Hence, if you search the well teimiitril bun
grovmds of the large cities, you will diseover Iiw li
the graves of the yoiithliil, who have hi in out a
some violent diseusi^ amid the liiioyaney (iriiiiilth,«|
tombs of those of niiildlf age arrested by ili'iilli i
just uhout lo reap the fr<<it of long toil niid privilw
returning to their native land. It is this whirhr
our Indiiin cemeteries so jweuliatly nielaiicholj l
though we bow to the deeri'e which suiiiinoiisd
the aged and the infirm, yet, hiiiiianly spcnkiii|.',iij
"iir blindness, wo are apt to pronounce the diallur
young to bu premature, uid a fit subject of Dglir
regret.
" For oh, it goes against the mind of mwl
I'o 1)0 tiirn'd nut from its warm, wonted houu',
Ere yet one rent admit.i the winter's chill.
IV.iss Bauik'i K'jI
fiumptioa; but
which nothing
from tlie dofecti
a sullicicnt stoc
the 7th of Octet
and we made tli
ing under sail,
slcjm with wliii
Tlie entrance
but the inner b:r
rounded by hills
Ilic atmosphere 1
s|K)t so much ext
ed. There is lit
except the size of
(Uenburg; and
I need not dwell
the vessels of tin
being a sort of fri
tlirown over the s
ward tor the pur|H
iiirrow, and wouh
a extraordinary tl
Iriiance to the sin
wider. The prest
among tlie natives,
apathy sufficiently
On the afternooi
Trincomalu with
witnessed. We pc
Basses, during the
was calculated, of i
harbour of Point d(
our vicinity to .t lo
tliO spicy perfumes '
of the town from tl
more cheerful than
and inli,il)itaiits wer
us come in, and afto
at I'rincoinald the p
ment ami dejection (
Galle is iimrked by
[Ka beats with great
waves must be trem
Though long aec
[landing witli the ben
iriontal, it was in a
f Hindostttii ; the i
Ifocs, rustic bridges l
''ll«, and huts made
if ditl'crent plaits.
"■I'lniniile race; ll:(
■otn the women by I
'A \nm- robe of
pill Ml, Its and braid
liirgo combs i
'»>l"iiil n( Ihn umhri
-■'LMiilic fan, made
nmi ■'-iin the sun;
iarkrt hero a hands
■1 shape, but
iant (lark green
P I' llic far-famed hi
!P»:i.''iii'i; a small j,i
"Ol e(|ii,tl tu
'i«;ii baked or roasted
I'm rain prevented
'"■ilion only underst,
liciit is nil iiisurinii
[?Hwiii(f (luring thf
""lli'isliMr.Twviih,
I'lwkailili^rhtlVildr
"'0,1 hill where .Mr
' ""Ic anil CcniMl,.
™il.v,o.|il|||„,niio,
l'»n iv,i.s not only mi
"undertakinir, biitdi,
'U'vcii.«,,| their own
''''''""I'lingciMiM he
"«'"i"aii|i(T»isle(l, (i,
■";',"' "■'>'' t'linhled I
Pli'iN. Thogirb
"f taught plain at
'ilrbiiy. are brougl,
of the family,
I it is almost ilk
Jie fffecla ofi
demise ; and it
in unconcerned
in irretrievably
iced to llCT COD.
n, or some netr
[•, and the widow
lusc to wliicb the
there is B lioiM
every k>cal tic ii
OS, in India, th«
bw days from llie
Imost ignoranlol
arc dcinsitcd, and
father lies buried
is tomb is now in.
irom Bonsai by tin
B scverul iiivounbit
imbay early in l)f. I
iving it for the Red
eforc the north-nisi |
sliiji lias a very tt.
lassat'c. Wc wm
accommodation in
which had Ucn cit. I
very time it suiud I
a friends iwured ii I
whole of the under, f
• discomfoit and ri<t I
;d Sua, the Aocronotl
the Turkish govern. I
cso difficulties, whith I
[rage and fortitude to I
1 stimulus of iwrlom-l
om our side of Indiil
the advantage of Ift I
expecting us at Boiil
ht;— so proinisinf 111
a narrative of my lil
i Ganges, on the 'Mt
>ntal vessel, it miy o
She was built of lei
engines of forty-hoi
either a vessel of «
:vcr, in (lualifying I
fcgnrd had ken fvi*
.was thus defcatcd;4j
Ihcr impelling u« li«
linst the swell. !iw
licfit to us in the cabi
[vented our feeling I
miplaiiicd uf on ^"
, experienced much In
lotild have done at <
Her per)U'liial u»i
j'ing the calms, awj
ten the wind *!»«(
^ have had to |irc«(
I carried off much iH
wc shwiU piooct^l
|rh end »> hud, Mi
oal for firtcrn dayi i
^^liBlM^O ©Ha^^®® ®Ii:[B®Wliik!faW(i^ iiism^mi^;
VOL. I>
PHILADELPHIA, MAY 14, 1833.
^o. 18.
Printicd anu I'lTSLisiiBD BY ADAM VVALUIE, Nn, (3, Niuith Eiumth strkiit, riiii-ADELPiiu — At $5 tor 5:2 nuiitbefi*, pnynlile in ndvnnrft.
PIIEO.N'IX N. WOOD & CO. nooKsuLisas, Baltimobk, are Agents for the states of Maryland, Virginia, and Ohio, and'llic city of New Orleans.
India there orcffu.
I body i» a teiui»)H1J
L well tenanted \iiif
Tvill discover few I
Ii have hnu cut
toyancy ofhioUh,*
Inrrestcd by ih'ulh «
Ing toil nnil 1""'"'
J It is this whifli n
liliaily melancholy;
I which snnimowi
linianly siR'akiinr,"
■miounee Ihedtathi
Ifit subject of OS?""
Ui the mind of iiiw|
Vin, wonted how
vinter's chill-
U.isuBv.i.ir'il!*
surapt^oii! •"" "l^'' ""* ''"^ '^^" ""' '"" ''"y.*' ^"""S
uliicli nothing material occurred, it was ascertained that,
from the defective quality of the coal, we should not have
a jutlicicnt stock of it to take us to that harbour. On
the 7lli of October, therefore, the fires were extinguislied,
and we made the best of our way to Trincomal6 by beat-
I under sail, rescving the remainder of our coal for
.team with which to stem the current off the port.
The entrance into rrincomale is highly picturesque ;
buttl'e inner bay, which is the secure harbour, is so sur-
rounded by hills tliat the sea becomes quite smooth, and
llie atmosphere heavy and confined. I had heard this
,|)ol 90 much extolled, that I waa a good deal disappoint-
ed. There is little about it remarkable, in my opinion,
except the size of the harbour itself, and the view from Fort
Oitcnburg ; and these have been so often described tliat
1 need not dwell on them. At TrincoinaH v/e first saw
the vessels of the coast with their singular outrigger,
being a sort of frame-work of four crossed beams or oars
tiirown over the side, extending about eight feet to wind-
ward for the purpose of steadying tlic vessel, which is very
narrow, and would, without it, upset when under sail. It
is extraordinary the people should prefer this clumsy con-
irivanee to the simple nietfiod of making the boat a little
wider. Tlie presence of our steamer excited no interest
among tlie natives, few of tlie boatmen laying aside tlreir
jpatliy sufficiently to approach the ship.
On the afternoon of llie 10th of October, we quitted
Trincomale with the most glorious simset I had ever
itilnessed. We passed the fonnidablo rocks called the
Basses, during the night of tliu 12th, at the distance, it
MS calculated, of only three miles, and anchored in the
harbour of I'oint de Galle on the I3th, having perceived
our vicinity to »t long before we reached the shore, from
Iho spicy perfumes wafted by the land-breeze. The view
of tlic town from the sea, though not so magnificent, is
more cheerful than that of TrincomaW. The garrison
and inlialiitauts were assembled on the ramparts to sec
us come in, and afforded a very lively 8|)oetaclc ; wherea*
It Trincomald the place seemed deserted, and disappoint-
ment and dejection to prevail. The entrance to Point dc
Gdle is marked by several bold rocks, against which the
lea beats with great violence. The exasperation of the
[»avc» nuist be tremendous iu a southerly gale.
Though lor.g accustomed to India, I was struck on
landing with the lieauty of the scenery, for though quite
iriental, it was in a style essentially differing from that
if Hindostaii ; the roads t;ut through topes of cocoa-nut
rtcs, rustic bridges over winding streams, hills and deep
Us, and lulls made of palm-leaves, woven in a variety
if dllVercnt plaiLs. The natives arc an elegant, but an
iflcininiite race ; tl;e men scarcely to bo distinguished
from the women by their dress, which consists of a vest
nd loose robe of cotton ; their hair long, and gathered
ip in knots and braids, I'lsteued behind with gold bod.
liis, .ir large combs of tortoise-shell, of a fanciful slia|K!.
Inslojil of the umbri'lla, the more wealthy natives have
:ii;.iiitic fan, made of the talipot leaf, carried to protect
mn the sun ; and this had a curious effect. I re-
iirkiu hero a handsome tree, the leaves resembling u
1 shape, but very much larger, and the colour of
iTiiiiant dark green ; and was greatly gratified by find-
i; I' till! far-famed bn^ad fruit. The Iruit resenihled in
llini'iiii'c a small jack (artocorpus iiitegiilblia ;) and,
iKil 0(|ual to a Friiich roll, was nearly as good,
ukcii iir roasted, as a yum or oaten cuke.
Tiio rain prevented our driving out in the evening; a
inlion only understood in a tropical climate, where
hrit Is an insurmouiitali'e obstacle to anything like
iIm iiiiir during the day. Next iiiorning, however, onr
il 'i.»l V Mr. Twyuham) lent us a convoyanee, in wliieh
[f tniili a ill llghtfiil drive, partly along the seu-shore, and
pliiii lull where Mrs.CJibson had erected siliool-rooiiis
« male ami feinah' i hildron, — an iidmirulili' work of
iirily, n'llill then no school e.tiiited onllie island. Mrs
ibwn w.is nut only unassisted at the eoininoix't'inent uf
raiidi-rtaking, but discouraged by those who, with h >s
il.evciisnl Ihi'ir own iiidoleiiee, by oxpressiiig a iM'lief
lli'il nntliiiig eiinld he diiiic." Neverlliehiss, this e.vcel-
itwiiiiian |iirsisleil,lill at the expiration of twenly.fivi'
'ttslii' was enahh-<l to show how much could be ac-
iplislird. The pirLi perform household occupations,
«rr (aught plain and fancy work with their nspdle,
Ihf biivs an- biinight up to several Iradoa. The girls
NEW SEBlfcH — 1ft
are so usefully educated, that the missionaries are glad
to select wives from among them for their assistants. 1
left Point de Galle with much regret. The scenery waa
80 novel and so beautiful, that I would gladly have re-
mained some days longer, particularly as, unlike regions
nearer home, it was not probable tiiat my destiny would
ever lead mo again —
" Beyond where Ceylon lifts her spicy breast."
The morning after our departure from Point de (iallc,
-■Vdam's Peak, situated in the centre uf Ceyhin, w.is still
visible from the deck, though at the estimated distance
of one hundred miles. I was surprised to find that Cape
Coinorin, instead of being a high promontory, ns 1 had
imagined, is very low land ; but tlie mountainsin the vi-
cinity are extremely picturesque. Those called the (Jliauts
arc universally admired; but had they presented a less
beautiful appearance, they would still have delighted one
who had so long been accustomed to the flat surface of
Bengal,
Our course leading along the shore, we had, for several
days, tho majestic Ghauts in sight ; and we beheld in
succession the towns of Cochin, 'I'ellicherry, and Quilon;
and the forts of Mangalore, Gherriah, and Severndroog;
and at lust, at mid-day, tho high land of Bombay was
descried.
CHAPTER II,
Arrival at nonihny — The interest excited by lh(! apppnranci* of rlir
steniiicr—Addrt'M^^saiiii ciitertniiinit'iil lo Mr. KI|ihiiisIonf, on hir
reliiuiuisliiii); the gi veinniciit— Duixiriurii Iruiu Dimiliny— SiriiiiF
of Babel Mandeli.
The arrival of the first steamer which hud ever visited
Bombay was expected with the greatest anxiety ; two
guns were to be fired from the ramparts on her heaving
ill sight, that the i:uhlic might have timely notice ; and at
twelve o'clock the signal announced the appearance of
the long lookcd-tor Ganges. Towards sunset, on the 21st
of October, one of the most delightful evenings of a tro-
pical autumn, wc approached the harbour, atlcr a pros-
|)crous voyage of twenty-three days, without an hour of
bad weather, or accident, or inconvenience of any kind.
The whole |>opulation, European and native, were in mo-
tion. The scene was truly exhilarating; the exquisite
natural beauties of the harbour, the delightful serenity of
the weather, thi^ variety of vessels, the thousands of na-
tives crowded on the shore, while the sea was covered
with lioats, some full of European oflieers in their scarlet
uniforms, some laden with Pa[sees in their singular cos-
tume, and others swarming with the common Hindoos,
Concanees, and Malahars, gave an indescribable life and
brilliancy to the scene.
In the midst of this confusion of excitement, a supe-
rior kind of bo.at was seen opproaehing, and our kind
iVieiid, Mr. Elphiiistonc, who had come so farto weh'oinc
us, was soon on tho deck of the (iaiiges. We then
landed, and accompanied him to his country-house at
Parell.
Bombay has been so fully described, that I will dis-
miss it with proper brevity. Diinng our stay, we visited
the island of Salselte. The timber on it is so fiiie^ and
nature has been so liberal in hcstowiirg every feature es.
senlinl to the t'ornialion of a lieautil'ul landsiiipe, that I
could scarcely have selected a spot which iniglit not have
been converted into an English park. A delightful
driv<! through Goreebuiideh, and Taniiah, hrouelit us to
the firt and town of Basscen. Within the walls arc the
ruins of fourteen chaiM'Is. This is a striking place : one
would think the whole tov^'n had heen inhabited by
monks, and de|)iipnhil( il by phigiu . a curse seems to
have fallin u|Km ii, and its only tenants are a ..single se-
poy, and an enomioiis Cobra di I 'aiM-lhi, which is said to
li<iunt an ancient Hindoo temple in the eenlre. The walls
of the fort are prrlcet, and those of tie inonaslcrh's and
elia|icls 111 excellent preservation : these, with a lew iiddi.
lions, might form handsome and .-iibstaiilial dwclliii^js
for the (X'ople in the neighlMnirhmid, who imiw live in
miserabl.' hnls. I hear tliat Bassecn was abandoned
from the unliealthiness of its situalion ; ono cause of
wliieh I can n'rfectly understand, if the fishing wire
carried on in its vicinity lorinerly as it is nnw : tho smell
was so dreadful at we passed, that I was compelled to
leave the deck of the vessel, and go below. The fish
when caught is stiowi d mora tlian ankle dee|i upon the
shore, where it is left to dry; and in such a climal*. the
mass of corruption thus engendered may well be ima-
.giiied. It is an ancient privilege which the people claim
of manuring the ground with fish, founded on a ttijiula-
tion at the first tr.insfcr of the island tVoni the Portu-
guese. Hence the governor has never interfered with it,
even to protect the environs of his country-house ; in
consequence, the air there is often disagreeably infeeli d.
We drove to Malabar Point, a situation which coin-
inands a full view of Botnbay and its harbour. The mo-
ment I approached the edge of the. Point, and the inagni-
licent scene broke U|)on my sight, I exclaimed, " This
^reminds me of tho descriptions of Naples 1" and 1 was then
inlbrmed that the comparison had often been before madi'.
This similarity, on reaching Naples, I was enabled to
verify. M.ilabar Point would Ibrni a delightful resideneo
In the hot months, were the dvvellingHiousc anylhuig but
what it now is, literally composed of a few huts. Mr,
Eljihinstone was, however, so economical' of the Com-
pany's funds, that he had been content to inhabit it in its
present state, rather than allow the government lo incur
expense for his own personal comfor.
Sir John Malcolm liaving arrived, the 15th of Novcm-
her was jixcd for presenting to Mr. Elphinstone the ad-
dresses of the clergy and tlie European and native inha-
bitants of Bombay, and in the evening I attended an En-
tertainment given to him by the English society. I do
not think it possible that in any country the Ulumina-
lions, the decorations of the rooms, and the arrangements
.iltogether, could have been more elegant or splendid ;
sutRce it to say, these were the combined production of
the twelve heads best qualified as to taste and gastronomy
in Bombay.
Sir John Malcolm, in a speech after supper, declared
that he should he at a loss to say whether, in evincir.g all
this cnthnsiusm towards Mr. Elphinstone, the society did
him or themselves most honour.*
In addition to a service of plate, a picture, and a statue
voted at a meeting of the European inhabitants, the com-
pliment most congenial to Mr. Elphinstoiie's feelings
must liave been that which he received from the tiativea
within tho presidency, of all religious denominations,
who subscribed upwards of a lac of rupees, or 10,000/.,
for one or two pro'cssorships in tlie native college, to ho
filled from England, and lo be called after his name; to
perpetuate, as they said, to their children's children the
memory of one who had been to them a friend and a
father,
^Ve left the ball-room to enihark on board (he vessel
on which we were to accompany Mr. Elphinstone to
Cossier. l^-ep and universal was the sorrow his depar-
ture excited: many persons followed him to the boat, end
as it left llic shore, an illuiiiinati d stage, on the very
verge of the pier, exhibiting the Words, " t)nce more
farewcH," gave a hist afleetiiig proof of attachment and
regret.
Onr little vessel, the Palhiurus,of 190 tons, was fitted
up in the yacht style ; and our party consisted of Mr. El-
phinstone, Mr. Steele of the civil service, Messrs. Wal-
lace and Gordon of the medical department, iMr. h. and
tny.-'elf.
Pavonrert by the prevalent winds of fhr season, wo
made as much progress as the inllrior sailing of our brig
perinitted; passed in a few days Cape Aden and the
Strolls o( Ifalxl Mandcb, and reached Mocha on tlie 1st
of Oecemln'r,
The entrance into the .'itrnils of Babel .Mnndeb afforded
a sight equally niii(|ne and grand. A rush of the sea
appears to have divided a bed of hard black rock, and
thus to hate forced a channel for itself of two or three
miles rn breadth. This rock rises on ciieh siylr, black,
barren, and eheirless; and while siTVcytng {his desolate
spot, I loarnt that the left shore was the island of Pcrini,
where, during the expedition of the Indium army into
• The late Bishop Heber, in his Journal of a Tour
Ihrough India, has |)ortrayed Mr. Elphiustone's cliaruc-
ter in n manner which all who have the happiness of
knowing tho latter, miH rreognise ns eminently cor
reel. Aiay 1 Is; |Krinitted thus incidcilally to ex-
press my own sorrow n( the lossof Bishop Hcbrr? — but to
dt^cribe the grief which pervaded all India at the death
of this nmiablo prelate, would he as difficult ns justly to
tepiet liis excellence.
■■:i»Btiiil''i ■', '"'..''«Vf
, • " . iS.-vJ:
■m
if:
1 ' :-'>X
•,.a
M
n
274
MBS. LUSIIINGTOX'S NAHHATIVE.
if
■ m.'<.
i'lt'-^
Kgyi>t, a dcfaclinii'iit wiis encamped. No Htation could
jMssibly be more dreary — in Koiiie iiliicis a lew bhidcs of
grass endeavoured to Inrco tlicmsilve.s tlirou^li tlic
crcviet^ of the roek ; bnt even fresh water was jirouj;ht
from tho Abyssinian shore, tiie scarcity of this moft ne-
cessary article bein;,' thus added to many otl;er priva-
tions.
CHAPTER III.
The view of jMocha in the settinj? sun was very Iwaiiti-
fnl. 'I'ho buildings, of one unvaried while, j;ave it the
semblance of being excavated from a qiiiirry of marble,
and no tree or shrub broke tho uniformity of colour.
The fort is built along the shore, with a circular lower at
each end, ])rojcctinj; into the sea; the whole formiuff
nearly a semi-circle. Tlic contrast of the lustrous white
with the dark blue sea, a colour unknc vn to those who
h;ive not left the coast of England, was very remarkable,
and it was only on a near approach tliat we discovered
the houses were constructed of unbaked brick, and then
plastered and whitewashed. From the absence of rain
the buildings retain their freshness lor a Irn-jth of lime;
but one heavy tropical shower would wholly eliniin- the
aspect of the town, and render its ap|)caranco as do[)lora-
blo as it is now the reverse.
Mr. Elphinstonc landed in the evening, through a trc-
incTidons sea, and proceeded immedit'tely to the house of
the Dowla, or Governor, where he was received with rude
honours nearly similar to tho pageantry exhibited by In-
dian chietVains on state occasions. I did not go on shore
till the morning, at whiidi lime the wind usually mode-
rates, and then proceed(!d to a small liousc provided for
us by the Resident.
After brcaktiist I was present v\-hen the Dowla retiirn-
cd the visit Mr. Elphinstoiie had paid him the night be-
fore. His ap|)earance was that of a fat native of Ben-
gal ; lie was accompanied into the room by two or three
Arabs, fine intelligent looking me.i, and the seoretary,
whom 1 should liave taken for a dull quiet lad of eight-
een, had I not heard lie was very clever, and was sent
from Senna as a sort of spy upon the Dowla.
Having ascertained there was no objection, I sat
veiled, at the up[>cr end of the room, during the confer-
ence; at which nothing passed beyond tho usual i erc-
Tionio.s of smoking, exchanging of hookas, ite., but I
bservcd the Arabs preferred the tea, provided by the
Resident, to their own coH'ee.
After dinner, some Arab minstrels, armed with pistols
and d,i, -ers. were introduced. I'lieir instruments w(^rc
:■'[' •> ruder flageolet, and a connnon t;ibor.
" ?•!» i\ vo and war, occasionally animated,
!i'l • iic was soil and monotonous, and
'•.,:., t. i • I id of the stanzas reminded me of
The guitar was played sometimes
witli u _ ... .iJ sometimes with little crooked sticks.
Th'j lo' e-so'/g began, as I was informed, with a com-
plai'.t to heaven of the lover's hard fortune: "OtJod,
who reUorcdst the kingdom of Sooliniauu, restore my
] eaec, i!tc.;" it next described the tiiir lady as "killing
with a glance," and concluded wilh "great is the intoxi-
cation of friendship, wine, or war, but that of lovu is
greatest."
Among the visitors at the Residency were some Indian
merchants, who appeared very nmcli out of their element.
They staled, that, except on the side of the sea, the ex-
penses, on account of carriage, guards, &e., absorlied the
profits of the iidand trade. It must, therefore, have been
tho gains of their maritime speculations which tempt
them to remain, as is their practice, with scarcely any
society, and unmarried, in a land obnoxious to their reli-
gious and domestic feelings. The exact nature of the
trade which they excrf^iee 1 could not ascertain.
The eoflec bean is cultivated in the interiorof the pro-
vinces, whence supplies of it are taken to Judda, for the
e.ou'Utnption of Egypt, and tho quantity required for tlie
Kiiroijcan and .\merican markets is conveyod to Mocha.
Tho Arabs themselves, either from economy or prefer-
ence, generally uso an infiision made from the husk, and,
juilging from the indilFcrent si)ccimenof tho cofiee made
frr>ni the bean, which I drank at the Residency, this lat-
ter method of preparing it was rare, even among the
higher classes. I had, of course, expected to taste coffee
at iMocha in the highest perfection, and was therefore
disappointed to find it of an inferior quality.
Hdsidea eoffen, dates, honey, and a few Bhells are arti-
cles of export; and from the const of Aden or Abyssi-
nia aro derivgd supplies of grain, horses, Hflses, and large-
tailed Bliecp. A good horse costs about luur hundred
dollars. Slaves also arc? procured from that const. Some
of it." inhabitants, culled Somaltrs, were then at .Ali iha ;
they are, of course, very black, with the usui:l thick lip,
but tall and well nir.dc. One of tlicin Wore, with ptrlecl
gravity, an immense wig of brown wool ; otliirs liaii
their own hair highly friz/led and whitened with a kind
of powder.
Vegetables arc grown round the town; and fruits,
csiwcially grapes, aro brought in the summer seafon
from Senna and the interior. The date tree requires wa-
tering, and lasts about twenty years.
The Wahabees, once su notorious, had, it was reported,
merged into other tribes, and ceased to profess the hereti-
cal opinions which had caused so much bloodshed.
'J'hcrc arc twelve schools in Mocha ; and it wax said
that, inlai 1, near Senna, there wcro several colleges,
where the twelve branches of Mahomedan sciences are
taught, as usual in Turkey and India.
Tho Arab women marry about the age of sixteen.
They arc allowed great liberty, visiting each other till
late at night without interruption ; indeed, being in com-
pany wilh a female is considered by the Arabs as tlic
best protection. A woman is enabled to divorce her hus-
band on very slight grounds ; a bad temper on his part is
sulficient reason ; and if no serious offence can be
proved against the wife, she is entitled to receive bixk
iier dower. Every lady, >vhcn she visits, carries on her
arm a little bag of coffee ; this is boiled at the house
where she spends the evening, tlius enabling her to en-
joy society without putting her friend to expense.
The Arab troops seemed very disorderly. They wore
turbans, dirks, swords, and fire-arms. They had a cu-
rious method of walking, supporting each other four
abreast, and each resting the hand on the otlier's shoul-
der. As I saw them swagger, or rather reel along, I
could scarcely imagine them to be the warlike soldiers
they are described. Tlie [looplc in the streets were in-
f>ll'ensive, an'd allowed me to walk without molestation,
when there might have been some excuse for a rude in-
dulgence of their curiosity, as only two Euro])ean ladies
had ever been seen at Mocha before. Were an Arabian
female, in full costume, to make her appearance in Hyde
I'ark, 1 suspect she would not have to speak so favoura-
bly of the courtesy of John Hull.
A short time before our arrival, during a tumult which
took place >u the town, a member of the Residency shot a
'1'i.rk at the moment of his breaking into the house and
iiiiiimg a pistol at om, of the servants. This act of reso-
lutio;i, fonibine<l wiHi the judicious conduct of the Resi-
Jenti might have conduced to tho estimation in which
the Rritish were then held; for, a few years l)ack, n
t'liristian could Bi.;arccly appear in the streets without
bring spit upon. The ""urks vowed vengeance on
M.". , and, in the emphatic language of tho conn-
try, sent him word that his grave was dug ; but, though
Ihe threat was not much»jegardcd, the gentleman was
persuaded, after keeping on the alert for sonic days, to
I 'ave Mocha. No blame, however, could be attached to
liim, as he shot the man in self-defence. The Arabs
took no part in tho fray, preferring even tlie infidels to the
Turks.
The day after we landed, arrived an Arab ship with
some liritisli olliccrs, bent on the n.tmu expedition as
ourselves. She got on shore, and by the misiiianagement
of the cajitain it was thought she would have been
stranded. A hundred Indian pilgrims, men, women,
and children, were on board, and thr scene of confusion,
as iclaled to me, cannot bo imagined. It is supposed
that not a hundred out of tho many thousands of the
miserable wretches, who annually visit Mecca, ever re-
turn, multitudes perishing by tlio way Ooin famine and
fatigue.
Numbers of these people pressed upon us on the quay,
looking squalid and [Kxir. We thought they were pari
of tho population of the town, and it was not until we
had again embarked that wc hoard they were the pil-
grims, rerliups it was as well, for had wc given tlmn
money, they probably would have fought iiir it ninorg
thcmHelves, have been punished for the disturbalice, and
have had to resign to tho Dowla's myrmidons any trifle
they might have obtained.
While some of the gentlemen rode into the country, 1
remained on Uie terrace of the Resident's house, watching
the setting sun, and Ihe moon at the same time ncorly a
its full. The town 'brined one mass of while, i'he
fa(;a(les and cornices i f the houses were varied in every
shape of fretwork au'l arabesque. The terraces of caeJi
building, as white and as fresh as tho walls, with lili'
verandahs closed, or open, in many fantastic jialterii;
Ihe sea calm near tho shore, (tho colour varying on
different shoals,) Bud a liltlo farther, curling and glr
ing in the sun, and then, us it were, in Ihe paler liclilcf
lie moon — a grove of green dates on one side, mul ||ie
u.ioiis bee-hive shaped huts of the licdoiiins and .Un,
Ml the other, fornitd ultogdhcr a novel and cliariniiiT
■iicue. I was forcibly struck with the extreme Btillniw
iritcrniplcd only by the muezzin calling to prayers, anj
he tinkling of a few hells on the trappings of the liorapj
as our party returned from their ride. I saw not j
i:reature on the terraces, nor one at the windown or
loop-holes. On entering the harbour, I had rcmnrkcii
that the city appear?. i d< stitutc of iiiliabitants ; and at
this moment, as I ca.it my eyes around, I felt the irn.
pression still more slronij'v.
Mountains, woods, rivers, and seas, arc, to the genrril
reader, no more than higli ground, trees and water •
beautiful certainly, but conveying still the same idrai!
To tho spectator, each of these objects presents itself
under numerous different aspects ; and if the reader be
an experienced traveller and an observer of nature, lio
may, perhajM, be able to imagine some of the bcautv
which is intended to be expressed by a narrator. But
the difliculty of accurately communicating to others one'i
own notions of scenery particularly struck me on be.
Iiolding the hills and mountains behind the town ; tin
were pielnresqiie, but merely so from the variety ofllicir
form, and the curious undulation on every ridge. I do
not think, however, any description would have cnaliltd
me to form a conception of the three ranges of liijlj
H liich were then before my eyes. Thunder and liglilnini;,
and rain in torrents, occur frequently on the^e hills; the
two former never reach the town, and seldom the lalier.
How perpetually during the hot season must its inhabj.
lants be tantalised witha view of these refreshing slrcamii,
while they are smothered with dust, and the therniouipler
never lower than 78° ! It seldom, however, rises above
84°. Tho dust, indeed, is so distressing, that even al
the favourable season my eyes suffered ; and I heard
several of the gentlemen on board the ship coni|ilaiiiinf
of its effects, though we were at anchor a coiisideraUt
distance from the shore.
On the whole, however, I was much pleased BJih
Mocha. Had not my friends been of the same opinion,
I might have doubted my own taste ; for all previoui
travellers had viewed the place in a far diflerciit lijhi,
ind had given me such an unfiivourable imprcisionofii,
that at first I 1 ad not wished even to land, and I should |
thus have beer dejirived of a great gratification.
CHAPTER IV.
Vmagc npttio Riil Sea— KanciTs of tlip navljniinn— Hisfoverjif I
a new ytioal— Arrival at C'ohsi-ir. r
On leaving Mocha, we received another passengtr,
Lieut. M'Mahon, of the 87th regiment. He bronght
with him, as an attendant, an oFd Cliinaman, thus adding I
a new language to the already numerous jargons prevalent I
on board, which now consisted of Italian, Portugiiew,!
Ilindoostance. Arabic, Persian, Chinese, and Abyssinisn;]
and the horrible confusion of tongues may easily btl
imagined, when these men quarrelled and abused cath|
other, in all the variety of their respective dialects.
This, however, was an nnnoyance necessarily tolcnlnll
;is it is ditlicult to procure in India servants propeiljl
qualified, especially as interpreters, to perform sucbil
journey. I
Wc passed our lime very pleasantly in the RcdSei,!
most of us lieing closely occupied in acquiring knowltifjtl
of the countries which wc were so eager to explore. Iif
the morning, regular Irclures on Italian were heliin
deck ; and after tea, one of the party read out porlioim
Turkish history, till it was lime to retire to rest.
The wind was tolerably fiiir till we reiiched the laliln
of St. John's, tho point at which all mariners cx|)eclli
be buffled, and where they are seldom wrong in Iheirnj
IK-etations. Wc had fifteen journals on hoard, which i
spoke of storm and tempest from St. .lohn's to Coi
In consequence, we were daily ond nightly prepared!
bad weather. The least pntf of wind more tlinn ordiiuij
caused the dead lights to bo put in ; and in truth I'
precautions, though Iroublesome, were neeesFary— *(
about this position the danger becomes most frcil'J'1
just as the wind becomes most adverse.
Lascars were stationed at night on the forecastle i
on the gangways, to look out for shoals, and every I
hour exclaimed to each other, " Khoob dekh anjit
(Keep a good look out forward ;) — but I opprehcnd ll«
with the characteristic apathy of tlio natives of Bi'ii|i
'in are generally fatalists, they answered, like ""
ick, in their sleep, and that our security wusiin
■ iteness of the shoals, not In their vigilance.
The rHptuin and olliccrs were, 1 believe, os unjiouij
niysnif, the Rei
instiince, after i
rocfmorc than
ivind, we beheld
of December, th
further evinced 1
to us, which was
three, while we
from llic m.-ist li
the deck, at the
this reef and th
diniinisliing, we
shoal, not being i
soon becalmed, ai
freat depth of wi
precarious, being
shoal, llic breakci
on drilling away
sound of those on
whoa a slight bi
situation.
After ten days i
the northeast win
Dcccmlier, having
Irnra .Mocha, and t
The ap|)e:irance
houses, and sandi
houses are mostly
wretched in tho ex
tlicy could fancy th
tlie buildings lieimr
in rank to tin; effon
chorcd, and brough
.llr. Elpliinslonc. 'I
and on his dep '.rtur
it tor the honour of i
mules, which wore
I not arrived, we feare
and were sorry to |i
'.""jlt wliicli had causi
lied 80 much on ox
ifhii'h lie invariably
livould have made us
|»-eheard rumours of
ireat Itrilain and the
progress, and wc na
iiid assistance.
Kirly the next moi
fcnilcmon eilled on
roiirleously in the up
[the best house in the
lie usual ccremonic!
Talked to the tents
IDcrsonif; eonversali
me, Ihe intelligence i
^Please (Jod, friend;
!n?lish." It was in
Ir. KIphinstono " he
lit little on earth;
men, he would go t
Ir- Elphinstonc that t
be provided for the |
|f potatoes, and took h
On landing, I fo,„„|
Winn Ihcm as comfor
"ilhnut, for we wer
kirn, surrounded by tl
iJ ffoats, nnil in the i
''pclual barking of Ih
[nich nnde its way in
ncket of water, my n
Msand novelty ofthe
Mit be our future lo
ly destination might I
Vvsleepini,; „n,| ^^^^^
« triad to rise at five
piss of the mornin
hvhole journey neros
fore that hour.
cri
'millonsr.ritiejoiirn,.
iMmnn, cllniai,._K|
' »'W"-.«urniise nl i
«»i|mienint Luxor.
pine time elapsed b
™ Ih' nccominodntei
'Win any number, tl
fr" 1 liltlo .lelav.
fj's tlio usual dunVo
"isimclion between t
Mils. M'SIllXOTON'.S NAltttATIVE.
IHilrr liglil of
• i^iili', iiml tlie
lins and int
and clianii'mj
rume Blillncss,
prayers, and
! of the liotsw,
I saw nol a
ic windowK nr
had remnrkcil
)itaiitE ; and it
, 1 full the im.
;, to the general
CCS and water;
the name idrat.
i presents itself
if the reader be
Br of nature, lio
B of the beauty
1 narrator. But I
ig to others one'i |
;ruck inc on be.
I the town; tliey
10 variety of their
ivcry ridjre. I do
luld liavc cnalilcd
ranges of liills
der and liglitnini;,
on tlie^o hills: the
seldom the latter.
n must its inhabi-
•efreshing strciiiii!,
d the thcrmoHieter
wcver, rises above
ising, tliut even at i
■red ; and I heard
c ship coniidaiiiin;
clior a considerable
tiuch pleased with
' the same opinion,
; for all prcvioM I
far diffLTfiit lijlil, I
iblc impression of 11,1
land, and I should |
ratification.
ivijailoii— ninfovctjtfl
■ailr.
another paseengtr,
Iment. He broiisiht
maman, thus addin;
J118 jargons prevalent]
Italian, Portugnest,
■8C, and Abyssinian;
JUC8 may easily bi I
lied and abused each
Lcctivo dinUcts.
IncccBsarily tolcralcii,
. servants properlt
to perform suchi]
Intly in the RcdSnj
Incquiring kiiowlcdpi
Jngrr to explore, li
lllalian were held
rend out potliDiu
tctirc to rest.
. reached the IntiH
111 mariners csiiecl
hm wrong in th"' "I
L on board, whw
1st. .Iohn'«loCoi«i
nightly prepnrrd
U more Uian ordin:
I ; and in truth
J were i\crcssnry-'
loonies most fronJi
Ton tho forecastle
IhoalR, and every
iKhoob dekh mf
Ibullappf"!''™:
Tlio natives of m
finswered, like
Ijr Ffcurily »'"""
Tir vigilniK^''-
believe, as onsi-m
nivselli "'" '^•-''' ^"^ ^"'"S ''"' imperfectly surveyed : for
nrtiincf, after it \VM supposed we had passed a notorious
reef more than once, while beating nlmut against a foul
wind we beheld it somewhat unexixictcdly; andontlic IStli
of December, tho uncertainty of tlie navigation was still
further evinced by the discovery of u dangerous shoal close
(0 us which was not mentioned on the clinrt. At half past
three, while wc were at dinner, breakers were reported
from tlic mast head, and at four they were visible from
the deck, at the distance of one mile. Wc went between
this reef and tlio shore ; but towards nigiit, tiic breeze
diminishing, wc stood to the sontliw.ird to round the
shoal, not being able to get to windward of it. We were
noon becalmed, and it was impossible to anchor, fi-om the
rreat depth of water. Hence our position became very
nrecarious, being at one time within half a mile of the
shoal, the breakers on which wc heard occasionally ; and
on drilling away from it, we came within reach of the
sound of those on the shore side. Truly thankful was I
when a slight breeze extricated us from our perilous
situation.
After ten days more buffeting against our old enemy,
the northeast wind, we reached Cosseir on the afitli of
Dcccmlwr, having made .i passage of twenty-thrcc days
from Mocha, .and thirty-niiie from Bombay.
The ap|)e ir.-inee of Cosseir is unpromising ; tho hills,
houses, and sands, are all of the same colour. The
houses arc mostly in the form of public ovens, small and
wretched in the extreme. Some of tho gentlemen said
they could fancy themselves in the Dokkr.n, the aspect of
the buildings ticing so exactly similar. The oflicer next
in rank to the ctfendi came on board as soon as we an-
chored, and brought a civil message from the latter to
.Mr. Elphinslonc. The Turk accepted a glass of brandy,
and on his dep .rture reeciv(;d a present of si.x bf.ttles of
it for the honour of tho faith ! As ho said tlie horses and
mules, which were to have been sent from Cairo, had
not arrived, wc feared something untoward h,id happened,
and were sorry to learn that it was the death of .Mr.
Salt which had caused the disappointment. We had re.
lied so much on experiencing from him the kindness
whii'li he invariably showed to travellers, that this alone
would have made us regret his death ; but, in addition,
i«f heard rumours of the unsettled state of alfairs between
Jreat Itritain and the Turks, which might interrnpt oui
irojress, and we naturiUly depended on him for advice
Jul assistance.
Early the next morning Mr. Elphinstonc and the other
, nllemen eilled on tho cflcndi, who received them
■nurtcously in tho upper room of a miserable mud hut,
the best house in the place,) but nothing occurred Ircyond
If usual ceremonies. The next morning the effendi
•alkcd to the tents to return Mr. Klphiustonc's visit.
ftcr some conversation, ho imparted to him, in an under
mo, the intclligenee of the battle of Navarino, adding —
Please (iod, friendship will yet continue with the
Injlisli." It was impossible to be more civil ; he told
!. Elphinstonc " ho was in a desert, and could furnish
it little on earth ; yet if ho wanted any thing from
avcn, he would go there to fetch it." Then assuring
r. Elphinstonc that the pasha had ordered every thing
be provided for tho party, his excellency begged a bag
if potatoes, and took his leave.
On hading, I found our tents pitched, and every thing
idiin them as comfortable as I could have wished — not
without, for wo were on a barren plain, close to the
wn, surrounded by the dead carcasses of camels, nsscs,
id uoats, and in the midst of all kinds of filth. The
rpctual barking of the ferocious Egyptian dogs, one of
hich made its way into the outer tent, and drank up a
icket of water, my next day's allowance, tho strange-
IS and novelty of the situation, the anticipation of what
light be our future lot, and some vague thoughts that
y destination might lie the Seven Towers, prevented
ly "leeping ; and notwithstanding illness and tlitiguc, I
as jiad to rise at five o'clock ; indeed, in spito of the
ildiiess of the mornings, I found it necessary, during
f whole journey across the desert, to leave my bed even
fore that hour.
CHAPTER V.
Iriainliins f.ir llir Jourihy Renwa ttio Desert— Tuklilo Rnwnn—
llitii'aratina climate— F.nlrrialnnii'ul (Ui i\<'v\' Yr-ai's l);iv in
pe Desert- Hurmise at unexpectedly Ft-cltig Carnoc— Tramiuil
jfltimiuiient at I .uxor. *
ISoinc lime elapsed before so largo a party as ours
fild be neeoinmodnted with camels; they were pro-
nblo in any number, though they could not t>o enllected
jlhmil a little delay. They were while nnd black,
lides the usual dun colour. I may hern remark, that
Nistinction between the dromedary nnd camel is no
further known in Egypt, than that the former is used for
tho purposes of riding and despatch, the latter tor the
conveyance of burthens.
t)ur cav.aleado consisted of ninety-six camels, besides
many asses, — no great numbi^r, when it is to he rccol-
leeted wo carried with us tents, clothes, wine, water, and
provisions. The captain, and one of the ofllccrs of the
Palinurus, had joined our party, nnd with them .several
Iiasears, who were of great use in pitching our tents,
&.C. &c.
For Mr. I.., myself, nnd two servants, wo had twenty-
two camels and three donkeys. I was to travel in n
covered litter, called a 'I'uklUe rinran, soniewlial resembl-
iug a Sicilian lettiga : this was made at Hoinbay of the
strongest possible materials, nnd, in consetiuence of its
weight anil size, it was necessary to emiiloy the largest
and tallest camels for its conveyance. The machine,
trom its height, presented a furmidable appearance, being
raised six feet abovi! the ground ; and I had to ascend to
it by a ladder, which, f'nmi the unsteadiness of the eam„ls,
w.as rather a dilfienlt undertaking.
Tho Arabs h,aviiig lashed the trunks after tlieir own
method, to my ast'iiii^liuient I found myself in actual
progress aboit noon on the 28th. Ihil, without Mr.
Elpliinstone's ,sor mI, Antonio, and the addition.al as-
sistance of .Mr. Pi' le olUcer of the Paliiiuru.s, I think
I might have b' Jic Desert still. The concourse
of people, tlie r , of the camels, the vociferation of
the servants ainl Lasciirs, in their vain endeavours to
make the Arabs understand and inove — und, as usual,
tho less they could make them understand the louder
they bawled — one camel rising with half its load, an-
other throwing down the whole of his, otheis making olT
altogether — every driver secreting as uuicii of the cord
that was given him as he could hide, snatching from the
man next to him the <iuniitity rcjuired, — the combat that
ensued, the one universal clamour lor hiicksees, their
struggle against each other to obtain it, — presented a
scene of confusion and uproar, which, though to the gen-
tlemen, from its strangeness, might prove annising, to lue
was somewhat alarming, particularly ns I was, ibr a
short time, left alone witli the drivers.
My interpreter, who was a Darfour man, and who
professed to understand HiMilooBtanee, euuld not compre.
lieud one word 1 said to him, which increased my dis-
comfort. At this moiiK'nl my tukhte row.in was assailed
by five or six dancing girls, called Almchs. I immediately
lowered the silk blind, which, however, I thought they
would have torn off in the same clamour and struggle for
hiirkeees,* I could not help seeing tlieiu as I strove to
keep down tlie curtain ; and it was impossible to behold
them without disgust. Their couiitciiauces appeared in-
flamed by drinking, their persons were greatly exposed,
and altogether they more resembled common robust
Englishwomen under the influence of li(|Uor, rather than
what I had fancied of the delic;ite and elegant Egyptian
lemalcs. They wore the same full petticoat as the uautch
girls of India. I may seem capriciouf ly afl'eeted by the
customs of the inhabitants amongst whom I travelled,
but to me these women appeared doubly bold and dc-
graded from the absence of the veil. It is so entirely
contrary to the prejudices of tho country lor a female to
appear without it, that the lowest peasant's wife will not
allow any one to pass without drawing her niufller of
coarse blue cloth closer round her face; and to expose it
thus must be the height of abandonment.
" In the tukhte rowan," says Hajji Baba, " wlien the
mules take to trotting, or when he one [irocreds willingly
nnd the other refuses to go except by heating, tho suftercr
in the cage between both undergoes strange motions."
The motion, nt times, in the camel tukhte rownn, was
so violent that it put me to great pain. I was the more
surprised at this, ns on first setting oiT the animals step-
lied well together, niid wc moved on most comfortably.
Every half hour I had to complain, nnd Mr. Porter, the
ofiicer before nlhiiled to, kindly " new-rigged the tack-
ling," ns he phrased it. It was nt last discovered by
mere accident, that as smm as the drivers thought they
could do so without detection, they slipped oft' part of the
cord harness whicli kept tho litter steady, although they
saw how much I snfli'red ; yet, for the sake of this trifling
acquisition, they woidd have harassed me during the
whole journey. The next morning, one of the same
Arabs harnessed a vicious camel to the tukhte rownn;
away (lew my litter over the plain, fortunately without
me, and was with difliculty recovered ; and then, while
the camels were in this unsteady state, 1 was hoisted in
"Clnistmns l.o.ref, Ilibhop Heber has recorded the
analogy between these two words. — Ed.
nt the door in a very unceremonious manner, my ladder
having been ibrgotten in the ecmfusion.
The whole business required some courage, as owincr
to the delay I was left nearly alone, and was fearful
being benighted. This, however, was the last of my
disasters; for I found, on my arrival at the halting
ground, that the delinquent hadf been reformed by a bas-
tinado, inflicted by the Chioush who attended us, — tho
usual Turkish recipe for nil misdemeanours.
I\ly maid was placed the first two days in a sort of
basket with a hood, fastened on the back of a camel, but,
though well padileil, she found the motion so severe that
she was glail to desceinl, and she pi-rformcd the rest of
the journey, with perfect case, on a donkey. The gentle,
lucii, also, except two, having tried the camels, preferred
this humble conveyance, walking nnd halting as they felt
inclined. Indeed, weri^ I to undertake the journey again,
1 should disi)ense with the tukhte r.'wnn, and adopt this
mode of travelling.
Though much variety of country or (iceurrciicc cannot
bcexpeiTled in the desert, i may say, with truth, that tho
passage through it r,:; : (o me vry interesting and
agreeable. l'"or the fif,-.i. t!iree sta;;-cs the road was di.
versified by some iueqiMlitics of groi.nd nnd remarkable
passes through the rocky mountains ; but the course of
our jour;;ey, in geiita'al, lay through un arid plain of
sand and stones, about two or thrt-e miles in breadth,
bounded by rocks of sandstone of an almost uniliirm ap.
pearance. On tho second day's march I saw one or two
trees; iind the road was so varied, that I could then
scarcely believe myself in a desert, which I had always
pictured to my imagination as a dreary and interminablo
plain, with heavy loose sand curled into clouds by every
breath of wind.
Our second place of encampment was truly singular,
our tents being pitched in a sort of circus, abr.nt two
miles in extent, completely closed in (except at two pas-
sages) by rugged mountains, part of which ros-e abovo
our heads ahiiost perpendicularly. 1 left my bed belbro
daylight, when the wliole cnnip was luried in sleep, nnd
indulged my a^tonishiiHiit at the novel spectacle of tents
surrounded by numerous camels, with their drivers and
burthens, ranged in a circli, according to the position of
their respective ni.'.sters. I wondered to find myself thus
traiHiuilly situated in the desert, whose ilinicuUies hnd_
been so magnified; and I looked np to the canopy of
stars, tl'.e view of which was so remarkably bounded by
tlie belt of mountains, with fei lings which I shall not now
attempt to recall in tlicir original iiitenseness.
I cannot imagine that any climate in the world con
excel that of the desert at tiie fcasiii we crossed it. I
never found the heat of the suii injurious, nor did any of
the gentlemen of tl-.e party, who were exposed tn it many
hours each day. The air was so brneing, that although I
had caught a severe cold the day of my arrival at ("os-
seir, which caused acute pain in my face, and ended in ni\
abscess, yet I lilt the fatigue of being so long on tho
road, the want of sleep, nnd the labour of packing, &c.
less Ihsxn I should an evening's drive in a carriage in tho
hot weather in India.
Anniversaries jiassed in strange countries, nnd nt a
long distance from home, nrc generally celebrated by
travellers with extraordinary zest nnd cordiality; and
though I um apprehensive of being considered tedious in
dwelling upon what indifTercnt ]ierEons may deem nnin-
teresting, yet I will venture to describe the fete which
Mr. Elphjusfonc gave us on New-year's day, 1^28. Ill
as I was, and fatigued by pain rather then the journey, I
wished on this day to join the gentlcnu-u in the diimer
tent; and I confess I was amused by the centrast of tho
narrative which I hcd been reading with the nppcarane«
of tlie tabic and party before nic. 'Phe author of the book
in (luer.tion di^cribeil the delight of the traveller en ar-
riving nt tlie wells where we were then encamperi, and
liis satisfaction, after nil his privntions, at quenching his
thirst with plenty of wnter; niid, in short, would hnve
impressed us with tho notion Hint the desert he had
passed, and in which wc then were, was fucIi a one n»
depicted by Uurckhardt, abomiding in sand, hunger, nnd
thirst. Hut, behold our party, consisting of ten jicrsoiis,
sitting in n comfortable tent lined with yellow baize, nml
cheerfully lighted up; a clean tahlc-eloth, nnd the follow,
ing hill of fare : — roast turkey, ham, fowls, mutton in
various shapes, curry, rice, and potatoes, ilamson tart,
und a pudding! madeiri, claret, sherry, port, nnd Hodg-
son's beer. For the dessert, Lemnnn's biscuits, nhnondM
and raisins, watermelons, pumplenose (or shaddock), nnU
n plumcake as a finale !
What astonished mc, was the rase with which tho
whole arrangement of inr meals wns coiidneted; how-
ever, I believe thif wa.s pincipally to be attributed to tho
.■.■^Tt''
#;'
■I,:-
i 'I
'tS. .
■ '■i
'f'
IMAGE EVALUATION
TEST TARGET (MT-3)
1.0
I.I
11.25
Uj ly 12.2
1^ 12.0
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Hiotographic
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13 WIST MAIN STtllT
WIUTH.N.Y. MStO
(71«) •73-4S03
Ci^
27G
MHS. MSIIINCTOX'S NARRATITK.
i^^-i!'
■ikill'iil 8U|>crinti'iiil('tii i of .Mr. KI|iliiii8toiii''H lirail sorvniit,
Aiitnnin. He \v;i» nitivi.' iiiiil stroiif^i n |;ood (iiilur, nnd
n KiKiil rook ; K|Makiiig a litlk' of most laii);iiii|r('!<, liiil
iH'iiii; iiiiislrr ot'.Xraliic, Fri'iicliiniid Itiilinn. III.' imcikIciI
iiiy hariK'ss like n pnctiKCil Kncklkr ; iiiiil, in Kliort, roiilil
ilo niiy lliind and cviry tliini; iin it wiin rcquiird. Tlir
cook, dininir tcnl, and n|>|Kiratiis, wire siiit loru^ird
early in tlii' innrniii^r, iH-rori; nt' slarird oursrlves, and at
nix in till' I'vrnin); niir dinnir wqh rrady.
Wliili' traviTHinjj llit- di'siTt wc nii'l nuincronM droves
i>t° raniel!<, tliu Aralx lu'lonirin); to uliiili olU'rid lis fur
ffali* ^rafM's, datrs, waternii'lons, and ready boiled Imrit
tggH. Kvery |H'rson wan no inotFenHive, that afler the
first day, the f^riitlenieii laid ai>iiU' their ariiiH aH iihi'Iihh
ineuinliranres and Iraviiled with biicIi perfeel Hiieiirily,
that individual.4 were occasioiuilly Hepar.ited from tile
C'ara\an without any leaf of inolestatinn.
We dill not (iiin '•> siixht of the lirlile conntry nnd of
the .Nile till alninl twelve or lifleeii miles from I.eiraylii,
jnsl ln'fore our arrival ut lliija/a, the next Migv to
I. uxor ; lint the contrast w*ith the di'srrt did not ap|H'ar to
inc very titrikini;. This part of the journey, thon)r|i in-
terestiiip, ullnrded little of imvelly, as the faeo of the
roiiiitry resembled so iniicli that on the banks of the
ti,in|;es. Indeed, but for the enrioiis iiiethnil of my own
coiiveyanee, anil the road, wliieli was a causeway raised
nlxive the iniindalion, and crowded with eaiiiils, I could
have ticarcely Is lleved I was not in India. The date.
jrroves, at a little ili!'tance, wi re |M'rfeetly similar to to|Ms
of cocoa-nut trees. Tlii' yoiiu); wheat was of a brilliant
poMiona preen, inters|H'r.-ed with the ilried-U|i slubble of
the [(recediiip ero|i. There were also tields of sn(;ai-caiie
unit Indian corn, and little wnler-cimrse:', for irri);«lion,
wiiiiliiii; in every direction. The wheel used for this
piiriHxe, iiirned by oxen, was in |H'r|H'tual motion. It
had small pots ntlai hid to it which .--aiscd up the watei,
and as the wheel revolved, threw it into the channels
iiImivc noticed. It was curious to hear the noise of these
wheels, which made a conslanl creaking like the sinKinc
ol' I rickets, not di ia:.'reeable, and which never ccaRcil by
day or by niijht. I observid thesanie at llombay. The
ploiiuh, aNn, is i]iiile Indi.in.
Tile day was particularly fine, niiil the first Kiylil of
the nnmerons callh-, so truly l''n|r|isli, caused nie a seii-
(■alioii of joy which those only call appreciate who have
loiiir Imcii absent from home. I was never tired of look-
iii',' at, and adniirintr, these iM'autifiil rows, each of which
would have lieen worth forty or lil\y jiounds in Calciitla.
They Wire of a line black and white or bay colour | —
liow unlike the lillle miserable, half-starved, dirty-wliiti
initiials of Hciigrd, with lininps on their necks 1
We nut many Turks, their liorres (faily caparisoned,
tome wii'i four or five pistols stuck in their girdles, all
with a iiiirti.il air, lint (nrtrrtlycixil, yet iormiii); a ^'rcal
cuiilrast to the •iiiiplicity of our quiet, unnrincd iCnj,'ltsli.
mm;
While I was leisurely trnvelliii(r nlnTi(», thinkinir only
of our arrival at I, uxor, one of llir parly who hud pn-
reded u«, called to inc t'roni a lisini; ((round to turn lo
the let), and h iviiiif i.'one n lew bundred yards oH' the
road, I Ik held, iiiie\|ieeli'illy, llie temple ol* Carnar. It
w.is loni; nl\vr I n ii In d my lent ere I rcrovered IVoin
the Ih rtildcrniciil into which the view of these sln|H'ndons
riliiiS hid thrown inc. No nne, who has not seen them,
can iniilers'aMil the awe and ailmiralion they excile even
in uiisennlilic Islioldcrs. When I compare the ileserip-
tioiis of Keiioii and llimilton, I tiiiil theiii essenlliliy
Correct, yi t without i;iviiiir nie any ade(|nalc idea of the
((birimis leilily. They fail ill deseribiiiK whal never has
Ircii, niid what I think never can Is', di'scribi il. .\o
words can imparl a conccptiiin of the profusion of pillars,
«laiHliii|r, prostrate, liieliiiiii|r a|r,iinst each other, brokeii
(iimI «ho|e. ."Clones of a i.'ii.'aiilie »i»,e, priip|H'il up by pil.
hrs, and pill.irs airaiii reslinif upon stones, which ap|H'ar
ready to i rush the (rn/er nnili r their sndilen fall; yi I, mi
a second vu \v, he is eoiivineeil nolliini; but an carlhipinke
could move them! all tlirsc pillars, cnvereil with sculp,
lure, |K'rhap* three Ihoimaiid years old, thonch fresh as
U° linislieil but yentenhiy, not of |rriilesipie iinil hiileoiis
objects, nneli as we are aeeiiHloineil In assoeiale with
ideas of l'e{yptiun nivtliolo){y, but many of the li|;uren ol
KimIs, warriors, and horses, iiiiieli larifcr than lili', yil
vxhibitiii;{ surjuiiwiiiu U'niily uiiil Krace.* As I hail Hceii
• IX-non otiswrm, •*<")« nrt fnliffiM d'errlrr, on est fii-
tiifiM- lie lire, on est P|iniivanli' ile In !«•»■ *ii il'iine telle
••oiieehtion J on lie jniiI eroire menu", apri« I'avoir vu, tk
la ii'iilile lie I'l xiateuce de laiil ile construcllnns rciiniin
«iir III) ntciiie |Niiiit, li leiir dimension, I'l In conslaiice
obslint*!' qii'a cjijce irtir rnlirlriiUoii, mix dOiiPiim* inrnl.
jiorie but lOnj^lish and Welsh ruins, nnd tiomc of the
caves nl Klephanla and Salsitle, I inii;ht have doubted
my own jiiilirmciil, had I imt I'oiind every one else,
learned nnd unlearned, struck with the same .iilmiratinn.
Some of the gentlenicii returned to view ("ariiac at ni(;hl.
I was too unwell to partake of this pleaHlire. They nil
cnine back liijrblv (jralilied, observinjf that the delaehed
ruins derived ndvanlnne from the niiM)iili;;l't, tlioiii;li the
temple itself coiihl not Is' wen with snlVieicnt dislinclncss.
One only of the four olslisks, incnlioned by I'ococke, is
now slandiiii;; it is not eipial to cither of the two al
I.uxor, which arc the most |M'rfci't in the world.
Our tents were pitched iinili r the walls of l.uxor, close
lo the banks of the Nile. 'I'he sIkIiI of the (iw Imats on
the peaceful waters, — our own eiicanipinent, — the coii-
lenled appearance of the camels, which had thrown off
their loads, and were Inxnri iliti); on the fresh herbage, —
and of their drivers, who knew they were to have one or
wo days' rest, anil had a reward in pros|Hel, — composed
UK cheerl'nl a scene as well can lu' iiiia);iiii d, and im-
parled a sensation of irampiillily and ri'|x)se ipiite refresh-
injf to n weary traveller like myself.
The houses nl Luxor arc built with sim-liuriit bricks
and baked clay pi|M'« ; nnd, about Ihrce or four 'ect from
the lop, brani.lics of trees are inserted, cither lo hind the
strnrtiire, or to nrcoininndalc the pigeons, which Hock lo
the town in myriads, and |H'rchin(r on these branches, add
to the curious apjirnranre of thr plare. The walls are
hatllcnieiiled, nnd in the port-iieles arc piled up ri\ clay
pipes, which, al n distance, have the appenran; e of sinnll
eniinon. (hi the very lop of the pnrapet circular |x)l»
arc placed, which, also viewed from nfar, lixiked like so
ninny men's bends ; so Hint when I first iliBcovcri'd Ilie
town, it seeined to me that all its inhabitnnts had mouiitcil
llie riMifs of their houses to ne ns. The pi(;eons of the
cniinlry Is long lo no particular proprietors, but arc not
destrnyed, in coiiseipicnce of llie nianure which ll.ey pro-
duce. Some lime ajro an Kiiiilisb traveller, ijrnnrani of
the value allached to these birds, havinp kiUed one with
his irnn, wns maltrealid nnd Moimdid by the people ol
Ihe villaire. It was remarkable to ne the miserable mud
lulls of the mi'derns built on some of the iiingnilicuil pil-
lars of tlio aiieient city. .
rHAPTKK VI.
rrnrs''i1 tlir Nilr— r.nriin|tiiii at iii nr Ihsuii-h — Vi^il litfhr 'Coihliii
of the Kiii|i!i— Mrnm nHtiii — Mi'ilin't ibilimi— t'ntos^nl Hniiiis
The next day, bavin); crossed llie river, I mounted my
donkey, nnd, in company with Mr. Wilkinson, who had
resided several vears in I'Vvpt, cmployi d ill seicnlifie
nursiiils, visited the Tombs of the Kind's al Rilian ool
Aloolk. ("andles brin(r liijblcd, we descended lirst into
the liimh discovered by l!rl7.oni, nnd rnllcd by him that
of I'sammis.
I siiiriTi'd trcnlly from oppression nl first cnlciinc, —
as intieli, perhaps, from fiar, as from the closeness oflhi
air, — and n liiriii d nller proriedinjr some way. Another
part V", howMcr, deseeiniiiiir, inspired me with iiiiire con-
raifc, and I made a si eoiiil allempt. The nnroml'ortalile
sciisalion, 111 isinir from the lnwiii ss of the risif, iiiid'ls'ini;
under ;(riiiiiiil, deere.'ised as I ndvaneed, and as Ihe iH'anly
mill wonder of llie place kihhi baiii-;|ieil ixery fi eliii|r but
ciiriosily, I was emibb d to enjoy all ilsstraiiHi'und iio\el
si|r|its uilhoiil i|uallficntioi<,
ciilables de tunt de sompliiositi^," !M. ( 'linnipiillinn.alsi
in n li Her. a translalion of wl'.ieh has reecnlly l»i n pub.
lisheil ill the l.iternry On'/i He, lliils nilverls lo the iiiile.
srribalde |rriiiiileiir of Carnac: — "I nl lein;lli went In
the palace, or rather, the city of mommieiits al t'ariiae ;
i here beliekl all the mnuiiiiii i IH e of llie riiaraohs, lln
Lfranilisl proibielions ever eono i\eil and i xi i nli il b\
man. .Ml llial I had seen at TIiiIns, all tlint I had ad-
mired uilh enthusiasm on the li 1^ bank, nppenn d miser,
able in ciiinparison xxilli th" L'lL'aiilie eoneeplioos hiiIi
which I was siirroiindi il. I sliull lake care mil to at
tempi lo descrils' niiv lliiny; for cither my deseiiption
would not express a lliousnndlb part of what oniilil In Is-
said when s|H'nkin|r of such obji els ; or, if I drew n fiiiil
ski II II of llieni, I should Is' laken for nii enlbiislasl, or
|M'rliiips for a madman. Il will siilViee In nild, thai no
|H-nplr, either niicieni or modi rn, imt conceived the art
ornrchileiliire on so ■iililimeand so urnnil n scab' ns the
ancient Kifvplinns: their eoiieepliiuis were those of men
a Inindred feel liiirh ; and the imnuinntioii, whleh in Kii.
ro|H> rises lar alsm our |K>rlieos, rinks abnsliiH al the
fiKil nf the himdri'd nml forty rnlumiis of (he liy|>oslyle
Hall of Cnrnae."
The painliiiKs, with colours as vivid as tliiiiw gf ^
oderii artists, — and the eii({ravii'^'», in alto mid Im,^
relievo. III |K'rfrrt preservation, did not deliglit „„. ^
much as an unfinished ehniiibcr, the wnlls of wliiclm,,,,
covered with drawings previously to their Uinif cut u,
the Blone. These were mere outlinrs in black or nj
but sketched with such boldness and li({'''neB», ||,,,| ,| '
more I looked the more I ndmircd. Scarcely yit f,^ ,
iK'lieve the hand that traced tliciii to have been dcjij ^
many ccnliiries. Many of the fi)rures arc ai lutjt u
lili', and though mere outlines, wroiieht with as mud,
expression as a finished painting. Fluxmaii's illuttn
lions may serve lo give an idea of the sort uf llj|ii|, ,j
miniature ; but I doubt whether even these inuii ,„,.
yield in spirit and grace to the Kgyptian coniismni,,,,
Aller leaving this tomb, we visited that o|k'iii'i1 so |(«,
ago by llrucr, supisised to lie the tomb of ItniiiKii I||
il was also exrcediiiglv' curious, and in toleralile ukkt;',
vatioii. The whole of the wnlls arc covered wiili mu,i
iiigs; and there I beheld tables, chairs and titlilKaij,
pnllerns of einbosscL silk and chintz, dra|H'ry uilh i'„|(ji
and fringe, precisely xs un upholsterer woulil liovi fined
up n rntiiii when IOgy|)tiaii furniture wns in vnnur. |g
deed, it was an ainusenient to us all xvlien 1 dincnvfnil
some patterns exactly similar to those which I Imd uni,
only SI veil •, ears lieforc, lo a genlleninn of our parlv.
Of the flnrprrs, mentioned by Hruce, one is nimmi
defaced; nnd the other, I fcnr, will not lasi liin|>; Im
• hey inlcresled iiir ns showing the antii|uity of llie innrt.
nieni on which they nre represented to Ik- plnvin);.
Mr Wilkinson told me, thiit the destruction wlijclint
had observed in Helzoiii's tomb, nnd which wns runrni
by large fragments lying on the ground, had tnkin plan
within three months of onr visit.
iNo hook could Is'ller hnvc portrayed Iho iisii|ro» ^if
the Kcyplinns than these tombs. Kvcry thiiii; i> a,.
sciits'd: — in one clinmlicr, prepnriiig nnd ilri'ssini; iw
iiiual, iMiiling the eaiildroii, making the brriiil, li|;hlin;
the fire, (itching water. Another rhainlM<r prwriu
SCI lies in a garden, n liov Ining bentcii for stialinir fn;!
a canal, plcasiirc-lioats, Iriiil, Mowers, the prnriss nt i<
rioiis arts, such as sculpturing, painting, inixini! rnlnui,,
\c. Here most of tlic |)cople are standing al lliiir sm.
while in India, the gnrdener, iminler, sciilplor, hlarkiiiiiii.''.
cook, nil sil. They do not plough the ground slllln;.b>il
I think they wouhl if they could.
.\rtcr seeing two more tombs, I wns compellid lo
turn home from fnligiie. The gentlemen ri'inninii)
pbiring till n bile hniir, but I could not gather I'mni llrvl
conerrsiilion that they had met with any ni>\> llien.
In order lo avoid llie im|Kirlnnily of llie ton n'ii.|iivii«,
we removed the next day across the Nile, and iiiniiri»'i|
on n ipiiel s|miI, close to the lianks of the river, inniiiiiiii.
ing n fine view of I.iixor, Cnrnac, (loornoo. .tlir jii
repository of the dend, i the Meinnnniuni, .Miilinrl llil<
and the two colossal statues seated on the pluiii, likcbr
Ihrr genii, in solilnty grandeur.
These two statues seem to have formed the side pilUi
or rnlrnnce, of siiiiie enormous gateway. I iiiiiliril:i
the learned nre nun h pn/Tled lo discover wliiili ot li
two is the one from which the sound is kaid In liavrpro
ei'ciled every morning nl snnrisr; but I. ^t hodnnniiiiti
del plv into these iliscuss:iins, am roiilciil lo Islim li
vocal Mrmnon to be llinl which Is nrs so ninny tTon
seriptiniis nil its fisit, stating llial eeilain pi r«iiii> III
heard the sounds, and s|M'eifyiiig the day uml llir
oii which the prodigy took place, I'ldess IIh'm' iiii
lie considered as fiibriealions, I do not |icrii ni' lion 1)
doiil.t riiiilil have nriseii.
While xiewiug these two sintiirs nne nmrnirir.
sight of a gi nlleniaiilike lisikiiig Turk coiiiiiii! Imsi
IIS (Turks are seldom lo be seen in such a Iniirlv |>lAn
we well' then in) surprised me n giKiil deal, lli iiiu
the ilsiiiil Maliomedan salulaliiins, nnd I was liir tin
nielli sinrlli d .1 henring him ndilri >s us in gisiil Kiicli
'llie enigma, however, wns soon solved, win ii lln »lr»i'i
introibieed himself ns .Major Temple, nf lli' I.W
Hussars, lately reliiriied fiom Nilbin. Hi, mill M
Wilkinson, who ms also allirnl m a Tuiklsli drr».
lilted lip two loinbs, ill one of llie (MMirniMi iiioiinit'
for till ir residenie. The Turkish garb niiiy rmnini
•lime res|M'il nniiine ihe Arnbs of l'p|Mr Hg) pi, Iml "t
laiiily lins not the same i ireel in Ihe linvi r |irmmi
where lln Kiiglish and I'reiii II nnlions nre sn iiiiii
i emed, ibal a l''rniik dress is eonsideriil the brut |>
lion
The villagers in iiur vieinilv, nnd who eliiitty Inr
Ihe in>es of IIiMiriiiMi, lind n wild and resolute n|i|««rii
Kvery iiinii was at ihistime armed wilh a sjs'ar. in"
It was said, the compiilsory b'vies of the I'mli'. •
found it vain to iiltiick lliein in tlirii fiis;iirsMii. I*'
ni.< fi) diliglited w
tlwdc, lilt liiite dis
irliiTO «'c were en
ni'ssid llie iiiassaeri
111 resistance agaiin
u,ri' liliovii from |
iniiii llii'ir cscais; 1
IKKir (S'liple around,
ind I till no appreli
sinnti- ooiiipaninn, o
h'.iA'^cii to Like es|H'i
cur|X>«o llie chief o
Lll'i d.izen men to
mint. .Vivertlieless
ffjiaivakeiied by th
mr lilllc c imp bed r
ncitli; lie (led on my
II he had the vigilaii
1 ivm greatly dr
IIjIvw. a ikleiitioii
fTiir us ample time
lijlili ; bill I grieved
Ihe dMcriptions of H,
chief had been iIoiki
tj'cniy years. Of tji
mi'iilioiieil bj the fori
(!is:ovi'r a vestige.
.'luntiiig scenes are s
ml beauty and ningn
(til lonie disappiiiiitiii
recent dilaiiidations, I
lacction with his Imol
li(r a eoiinected story
l)n a subsequent vii
one of the statues ah
Ihi) relic, to have beei
liiie manner, lln' arms
ot'lhc .Meiunoniiiiu.
brini; liiilll up is likely
perfoelly hid from the
court, by the wall in w
.Nolnitlislanding tin
t()ile«lriiy tlici:> temple
limi tar this purpose, tl
lliit much remains uni
linp« of the figures, w
Am iiirlies deep, hay,
till!, when disloflged wi
I loan iindi'rni'alh in v
"en this slight net a.i
oi till- geiitleiueii at I
•illi a far diirereul s
I it:aniv, lnve broken ol
ment trnni the vocal M
I tinner, while crossing
«tII al I.egaytn, lo nsci
lut it'every traveller ai:
I ijenl, little water woiili
[leiilili'nlil'ully siipplieil
1 11'1'd s.xy little of K
I ilrcidy have lieeii so wi
Nlii'M Ninilten wilh t
I tild visiled the Mei
I'wild ailiiiil its Irinple
»ilii jiisliie to il;, Ih-i
JMKalnr |s'rfcelion. .
toniliringat the cut an
»!iirh lay seallercd on I
•lie. inmrilH d wilh hn i
Ihiiinynnei' formed sph
yt'P iniililaled slilue, e
l»"iiiystii|«iii|„us, am
IwU hl,„k cMild liav..
|Wn,'lii„.|,.,|,{i;,rj, j,,„
|'"l". ami how it r„i,|,|
■ •"'iitminr I imisl call Hi
Plf '""iigh III fi.rm a
Iwiin a fine (silisb, and
l«irk. 1,,,^, ,rt|,r ,(,„ iiiij
I'Wioirixl.
Tlini'iauiiry miisl !«.
I»"i'liu'daiidi,«|e«,m,(,
11m. nrmihil,*, Mill, bini
l««<aiiii;ili;,riu, | ,.„„|,|
l«uihiliil,iii(, „„|,„||,„,,
I, ' ""'I"' »U|S'riiir to 1,1
r* "".» I«'"pl'' " eiil ol
l"t' inil ihaved their eyi
Mns. m;siii.\(;to\"s naiiiiativi;.
277
IIhwp of tnv
Jto ond hiui
(Iclielit nil' M
of wliicli \n tp
r iK'ing cm 111
I black or nj,
lltllCM, tllill lln
Cfly yd can 1
.c bi'cii licaii M
irc as latgt u
Willi B8 mufli
Kiiian'H illutlrt.
orl of thnijT m
tllOfC lliuiit In;
L coni|Mwiti'ii).
t 0|H'1U(I so Innj
at" KuniN.Ti 111,,
toliTiililt' jircMr.
rri'il with )iaii,t.
I uikI blilclKimil,,
a|M'ry witli \Mt
voiilil luvc: liHcd
■ In viinur, In.
hrn I discoverfd
rhicli I Imd MM,
of our party,
cp, one IS nlniMt
>t loHi loiii;; tmt
uity of llic itiHtu.
Ih^ pliiyinir.
riiclioii which ne I
'liidi waBcvinrfd I
I, had tnkiii plitt
ei\ 111? ii»ii|rr« nfl
vrry tliiiiff i^ «». [
mid drcshinclwl
tlic lirrnd, linhlincl
rliniiilH'r iircHMij
1 liir rti'iilinc Ifii:
tlir prorcHs nl i
iir, iiiiMiii; cnlputsl
dill),' nl lliiir w>>ii.|
'iilptor,l>hick»milli.l
groiiiidrlttinc.b'iil
s romprllid tn '
mi-n rciiiniiicd t\-\
I (fiillicr I'riiMi tltuj
liy ll(i\clllri'.
tlic low nVifoiw.l
iilc, nnrt incamiWl
lie riMr.inmnui*!
[iooriino. ,llit' grrill
111, Miilimi IhlM.|
till plum, like bn
liipil llir mdr fillan
j-ny. 1 niidir*i2ii^
■iivrr wliirli "I 1*
|i^ .lilt I" hnvr :r
I lioilni.itnrt
1 III to IkIh'm "
I..1 ninny l"mki:.j
■I'lliiin pirwiwli^
dny und H"'
iiltm llii'w mi'
il |wrrii»i h»« '
, oiii' iiinrnipf,
|rk I'liinini; i"««i
I'll II lonrly pl«"
Joil drill' III nil*
l| I wiiK I'nr III!
Iim ill L'!""'! lilt''
, wliinllii »l"if''
liplr, of 111' I'^l
lin. Ill, »illi ^
I'lilkii'li ilrr-.k'
JuHiriloO Tllnlllll''
lull lllllV Hill""
l|Mr Kf.M'l. M"<
III- liiwi r |if"iinf'
Im nrr »" mi"''
Iroil lln- 1*'! f
Jwlioiliiitlyli'fi
lim.lllliil|i|"«'"
Ih :i i-lHi". '" "''
[of tin- Vnh: •
ln»iiicHw. I."
,1, fo dili(!l'l>'<' "'•''' ''"■ l>i'"uly n"d pi'aci- of our nrw
.Mo, I'll HI"''' diHtiirlic'd to disi'ovor tliiit llio vrry h|po|
nliiTi' »'" "'"f" cnfiiiiipid Imd, limr yoarH In'tiiro, wil.
n('!W'd lliP iii.TH'T'fP "f iiioiiy liiiiidrodK of Arnlis, tlieii
„, f,'si..ianie against lliis ricriiitiii({ syslnii, and who
aifc liliiwii I'roiii guiiH, or shot wiiilc piidiavoiiriuc to
miki dii'ir cscajii; liy Hwiiiiiiiiii); across thu rivir. Tin
, iionpli' around, liowinrr, iM'haved uilh tivilily lo us,
laii 1 nil no appruliiii-iion at ifoiiig aiming lliiiii with a
jinnti" companion, or rviii aloiif. 'I'o Im' Hiirc, wi' wen
ciili'nd In lakr csiKoial cure of our pro|K;rly, liir which
ourlioi"" ''"' ■"''''■' "' '''"""■ assistid us, hy liiriiishinj.'
lijlf a d.ici'ii nii'ii to wali^h by iiiifht round Ihc cucauip.
raiiil- Xi'Virlln-Uss, olicp artrr I h.id (jonc In BJirp, I
n'H awakened hy llip I'lliiiyuishiii^j of tlio lijriil, and lilt
m',- lillle c imp bed raised up by a man ireepiiii; iiiider-
ni-illi; 111' ll''d on iny eryiiis; out, and esca| cd the pursuit,
u hi' had the vigilance, of our i<i.< proleelor.s.
I ivai (,'rcally driitrhtvd with llif leinple of Meiliml
IUI).». \ ililenliim of Home days, on «eeouiil of Iwials,
MC 119 ample liinu lo rxpuliule iiiiionif those clorioiis
ihht»;biit I pricved to observe, on eoiiipariii(jlliein with
ib'ediMcriptions of Hamilton and Denon, how iiiiich mis.
chief had been iloue to all these ruins » ithiii the last
ucntv rears. Of the liglit slatues ut Mediiiet HalKxi,
mentioned by the former, I could not, on my first visit,
iJi,cov'i'r a vestiirn. Ilin cxplanatinns of thu hattlu and
Luntiiii; srenes aru so much in detail, that hut for the
m\ bcautr and magnificence of the whole, I iiliould have
I'dl mine disappointment Iroin fmdiii); that, oh In^ to the
recent dilaoidations, 1 could seldom, alU-r a iniiiulu in-
)3(ctiiin with his IxHik in my hand, make out any tliiii)<
li«c a connected story.
I)n a subsequent visit to Medinct Haboo, I discovered
one of tli« statues above adverted to. They apgMtar, by
ihii relic, to hive Im'cu of the same t'orm (and had, in ■
like manner, tin arms crossi'd over the chest) with those
I 1)1' the Meinnonlum. The circumstance of this statue
btinf liiiill up is likely to ensure itn preservation, for il is
perfectly hid from the view of any one standiiig in llie
I court, hy the wall in which it is inclosed.
N'olwitlntonding the great pains taken by Cainhyses
I loJcdtniy theio temples, and he leH 'J,'>,Ol)0 men iK'hind
liim lor this purpose, the sculpturn is so superabundant,
Ihit much remains uninjured. In many places the oul-
linr« of the li({ures, which are cut in (jranite, two or
lime iaclics deep, have Ik-cu lilled up with mud; ond
Urn, when dislodged with a small stick, sliowed the eo.
louri iiiiderneulh in vivid preservation. I considered
I ten this sli|rlit act a:i approach lo profHnation, but one
lol'llie (renllemen at this time of our parly, imbued
Itilh a fur diirerent "pirit, would, hut for my rcmon-
liiiiniT, have broken off, with sacrilcjiious hand, a (rap-
Imrnt from the vocal Meninim ; and another, in the same
lunncr, A'hilc crossiiiK the desert, threw stones into the
I ttll at I.i'ijayla, to ascertain its depth; not recollectinj;
lliut if every traveller adopted the same mode of measure.
I nenl, little water would remain for the thirsty wanderer,
llm |ilciililully supplied llinn ourselves,
I nwd say lillle of Kbi<k,nn:l the Mi'iiinoiiiiim, wliieli
lilreiily linve ln'cn so well and so rreiiuenlly deserilwd by
|«liir.t Sinilten with the su|H'rior grandeiir of Carii.ic,
I I hail vlHiteil the Meinnoniuin sever. il limes licfore I
l>»nlil adnill its temple to any share of ny admirulinn,
Itfilo jiiKliei' to its lieauty, lor the sculpture on it \* in
KnifiiUr |H'rrection. I was ut lirst more m-eiipied in
limiicriiii; at the cut and graven stones, prrnt and small,
liliirli by seatlered nil the proiind ; hujre blocks ol' pra-
liitr, iamrilsd n illi hiirnplyphies, and iiearinp marks of
Ihiiini; once formed sphinges, idslisks, pillars, \r. Th '
lk'{r miililiiled statue, called by the Kreneh the .Mi'iniinn,
Isreilly slii|M'iiiliius, and I wniild have fain leanii d how
Iwlia hliH'k cniild have Iwen reinnved, how it could have
lknni'hi>i'leil,(lor II issiip|Mised llie Kpyplianshad no iron
\*>i', and how it could have been put up. 'llie I'raL,'.
lunula < I'or I must call tliein siieli, lliouph the sniiillest ■<•
llujf ciiiMiitli lo form a statue liir our pipmy ideas) hijII
Iniiin a liiir (silisli, and will pmlmbly riniaiii us hind.
■•irlii hinir nlVr the biiildiiiKs in the vicinity have ills
li^lH'anil.
TliK ciiiiiilry miisl Ih' ditrerent frniii any oilier. \Vi
l^nhicd and rmh' amidst a city of the deiiif ; iiiiil from tin
Iniiiii amuiiil, so mill h birder tiniii lil'e, Isilli in the hiimnii
I)ii4 ininiiil tiirin, I eoiibl -.r inely JMliive the foiiner raei
lituihaliitnnts iint to have In en ofu iniKlitier slatiire, and
I'll nature iiii|H'rior to our own ; yit we are assured lliil
|tht» very |»>nple " eiil oH" their haii ii|Hin the death of n
Int' inil ahaved their evahrowa for a dead eat "
CII.M'TF.II VII.
I), lei li'iii at Tliclii'f — Dei nrliiie of Ihe iti nlienien fi r Kdlim - Vr-
riiui I'll! ,:i iiiiialiiiil "1 'I'uilis IMni Kiiiiiali— Thi'ir a>tiiiii.-li-
111 111 ;il kiiiiiu ;i liiilv wrili — Mil.' aillliiir wIdieiiM'S Itie ii|i> iiMJ
III n iiiinniuy
llavini; been llins deluiiicd a fortnight ut Thels's, I
was cnuhled to visit its various antiquities ul [K'r'eet li'i.
Mire. Tlie colossal ftaliies became like old Iriends, be-
tween which we used to tit down and take our relieKli-
meiit, enjoying the heavenly climate; ind, while re|M'al-
edly e.xaiiiiiiiiif; the iiiajeslic Cariiae, u; pralilied our
iiiiuiflnatinns by riposini; in the hull of S< snstlis.
The deUnlioii, us I have before menliniud, was occa-
sioned by the want ol' hnals. We arrived ul the time nf
tliu cniiscrijilioii, when every vessel was pressed lor llie
eonveyance of Ihe reeniils ; and the bouts sent up lo us
haviiii; shared the same liite. most of the ijeiitlenien took
advanlajie of this delay to visit Ksiieli uiid Kdlim, in a
eaiillia iH'longitiir to .Mr. Wilkinson, so small that it could
not atford nie uecominndalion also. Hi noil had (riviii
such an inviliiiir description of these temples, that I re-
(rretled this disappniiitment irreatly ; and my heart fuiUil
a little will II I saw my I'riends depart and leave me nearly
alone, for the lent of the only ;;eiitleiiian who remained
was pitched so far from mine, ^.at I felt almost without
protection. Ilesides, us evciiiiji shut in, the w ildne.ss of
the country, ond the men by e.liom 1 was surrounded,
rendered my sitiiulinn some, ''at lonely ; hut, with re-
turnini; light, returned my iisuu! cheerfulness; and while
plamiiii); nn excursion for Ihe day, I |H"ceived a party ol
Turks hind from a handsome Imut, decorated with itreuin-
ers : altogether it was the guyest nrl uiit I had seen since
I arrived in Kgypt; and on ciiqniriiig the reason of such
an invasion of our |ii'ncefiil camp, it proved to Im: a depu-
tation from the Caeliecf of Kcniinh, with letters, and a
long compliinentary message to Mr. Klphinstone. The
dilileiilty, however, was how lo convey lliese, iind when
arrived at their destination, what would Ih' their utility,
as they were in the Turkish langimge,^and the genth'ineii
had taken no interpreter on their excursion. At last,
after a consiillalion with Antonio, it was ajrreed that 1,
iK'iiig the only scrilie then in camp, the b';ter and mes-
sage should Im' explained to mc, that I might eoinmuni-
catc them to .Mr. Klphinstone, Accordingly, having pill
on my veil, nccnmpuMied by .\nlonin, and encompassed
with all the state I could suinninn, I entered the lent
where fniir Turks and a fJreck lad were silling. They
did not ullenipt to rise, but regarded me with their usual
im|M'rtiirbnblc countenances. The letter was opened in
due form, uiid, with the mesaagc, was translated from
Turkish into .Arabic hy llic young tireek, (for the Turks,
IIS iisiinl, could not read,) and then explained In me in
Italian by Antonin, when, after niiieh writing, folding,
seuling, and directing, I desputched my htter, amusing
my.'-elf during the whole process, which I purposely
prntraclcil, with the astonishment which I knew I ereut.
I'll — and so il prnved : for though these grave .MiiKsulmen
did not betray llieii wonder at the lime, they siihuipicntly
inquired whether other Frank ladies were so iiccninplish-
eil, as lo read, write, fold, and seal ; mnrvi lling that, while
their own wnmeii enuld not even talk sense, an inilM'liev-
iiig female should possess a knowledge of wliicli Khadi-
jah, the prophet's wife, wns destiliile.
ill the evening, I uecepted the invitutinii of Signor
riccinini, n Iiiiecliese, in the service of the Swedish
consul nl Alexandria, who had residid alsiiit nine years
at TIicIhis, lo sec the opening of a mummy, that I niiglil
nysell'lakeoiit llie scarabmiis, or an v such sacred nrimnieiit
as might Ih' liiiind in the colliii. The signor's dwelling
was iiothing more than a mud hut on Ihe hills of (iisir-
lino. I aseended to the only apartment by u few steps ;
this riHiin eoiitaineil his coiieli, his arms, liiii wine, his
lew drawings, and all his worldly giMMls. The window
shutters, steps, and llcsir, were eom;Hi>eil of iiimmny
Collins, p.iinled n ilh liiemglyphieal figures, perhaps four
thniisand years old : and it was curious lo iilisi rve the
profuse I'Xjs iiililiire of inulerials In which I had Imi n
aeriistnnied to allach ideas of value, from seeing them
only ill niiHeiinis and eolteetioiis of aiilnpiities.
I had ai ennipaiiii d Signor I'lecinliii with gie.it glee,
Ihiiiking what a line thing il would Is' Intrll my friends
111 I'liifilind. Wlinl inv notions ol o|»iiin|{ u niiimniv
were I eaniiol d< fme, - sninelhiiig, however, \eiy elissl.
eal and aiiliipie --eeitaliily any tliiiij; but what it proved
in ri alily.
Half a do/in .\rnbs were standing nrounil, panting
under bent, diHl, and llitigue. Tliiy had only pist
brought 111 tin ir burthen, and were watching nilh eager
look the exaniiniilinn of its ennteiils, ilbiir pniflls ile
IM iidiiig u|«in Ihe i.iliiv of Ihe pn/e,) while the candlvi
which tliey held to assist the scurcli lighled up their
un.xiiius countenances.
The outside ease of the niiimmy was covered with
liieroglypliics, and the inner one consisted of a figure us
large us lil'c, with t'le face and eyes painted like a mask.
Oil lil'liiig up this cover, nntliing was sei ii lint a mass of
lark yellow elolli, which, tliongli it must have consisUd
if at least lil^y fold.s, yielded like sand In the merciless
hand of the npirator, and llie ski li Ion ap|M'arid to \ iew .
It was some liiiii' beliire I could recoMT from the horror
with wliii 11 the scene iiiipres.sed me; I saw no niori , hut
this little was siillicieiit to make me cuiisiilrr the em-
ployinent as disgiisliiig as th.it ofu n sum etioii man,
uiiil the 111, inner of perliiriniiig it not less uiifiiiing. It
may be eillid tin- pursuit of seieiier, lint lo me il ap.
peared nothing more than rilling the dead Ilir the sake
of the trillin|4 ornanieiils with which the corpse is gene-
rally buried. This, indeed, was the I'aet ; tiir the mo.
iiient it was useertaiiied that llie miiiiimy i-ontained no
ornament, the skiletiiii, to^i Iher with the papyrus on
which were inscribed niiiiii rolls distinct hieroirlyphics,
and the other muterials, was eiist t'ortli n« wialliless rub-
hi.'ih. SuHli il III pupyriis and relies have been procured
for the interests of science ; uiid I think it would ri dound
III the pasha's eridit if he were to issue an edict, to
clear his country from these mu:niny scavi I'gi rs. He
had, iiidei d, ordered all the corpses to be n interred ; hut
according to evident demonstration, this order was habi-
tually disregarded. .Scurabai arc scarce ; a li'W were
brought us by the Kellahs, while wandering about the
ruins, though none of value. Ancient coins arc procura-
ble in ubiindaiice, but they were too Iiumiroiis to prove
curious, and they had certainly no beauty lo ulliact us
to he ]iiirehasers,
Signor I'ieeinini lind found on a iniinimy some broee-
lels, oIkiuI all iiiili wide, of small coloured beads, which
were remarkubh', from resembling so iiiiieh the tiishioii
nt' the present dny, yil, I'rniii the absence nf all device,
not nearly so pretty. The heads, wliiih were of coral, cor-
nelian, garnets, aincthysts, and \ilrified porei Inin of a
bright blue colour, were sirmig together, and separated
at every inch by a gohl wire, or link, lo wliieh they
were ullaelied, ill order lo keep Ihe hraci lets llut on the
urm. The Kigiior tlioiighl thein very hundsomc ; hut
they apiK'urcd to me of nn value, except liir llicir unti-
piity. During the ninny years he had resided ul Thebes,
he had only discovered one mummy likely to indemnify
him for the lalMiiir of excavation,
'ussing through his miserable kitchen, the sIiiIvcm of
which were also made ol' ancient cotlins, vvc cnterid
a tomb, will re lay the inuiiimy in question, supposed to
he that of a high priest. Il was placed in a stone ease,
the lid of which was removed, and inelrscd in three
eiitlins, each having a gill mask nl Ihe np|H'r end. The
entire lid nf the last enftin was nlsn covered willi gihl-
iiig, in vivid presi rvalion, and the Isidy was wrnpiH'd in
a garment curiously wrought with gold lace, and appa-
rently of a lough lexlnrc. The whole figure srenied as
fresh ns if it had been prepared a t'ew mniilhs before,
hut the ciivi lopemeiil remained iinlidded. Signor I'ieei-
nini' said he might oblaiii fiM' hundred dollars for this
miiiiimy at Alexandria, but he considered it of such
value, that he ihoughl of taking it himself to TiiMcny.
Whelhir or mil this appreeialinii was In excite the < upi-
dily of purchasers, I pn lend not lo delerinine.
The niounlains in this neij-hlMiiirhooil, culled ("Joornoo,
have lot lenliirieH Ihcii the eeiui teries for the dead : and
notwilhstnnding the linvoc which during some years lii.s
been inaite aiuongst them, their eoiit* iils n)qiear inex-
hauslihie. Il would scnrci ly Im' an exnggi ration lo say,
the mnimlaiiiH are nieiely roofs over the iiia^'-'es of mum.
mil's williin them. The cnHins serve as lire wood to
the whole III ighboiirhiiod : I saw nolhiiig else biiiiil. At
fust I did not relish the idea of my iliiiiii r being dressed
with this ri'siirii elioii wioil, parlieiihirlv as two or Ihrir
nf the eolliii lids, — which, as I snid Isloie, wire in the
sha|H' of hiimnii figures,- were usually lo Is' sun sliml
iiig upright against the tree under whii h Ihe rook was
jN'rlhrming his o|M I atioiis, (.taring with thru laii>e lyn
HS if 111 astoiilshiiiint nl lln' new wurld iipoii which they
Il id o|H'iu-d. The coDins were usually iniiile of syeuiiiore
woihI, which may sene, in some ib ^iri e, to aeioiinl I'ur
tlie siniosl lulul extinction of Iliut lite in ti|i|H'i I''gyi>t,
• This unliirliinnle Individual is sinei ih nil, nOcr huv
ing passed so many years of piinful and niiilliiip la
Imiir, struggling with poverty, deiirivid of the alkviatioiis
of ci\iliseil hii', and expoti'd to the iiisullt uiid oppres
sinii of the Turkish aiilhnnlics.
" roiiil), |uoi inln, h« lividt-piHirty, pwt inuii. tin tflii4."
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270
Sinn. i.vsiu\cToys xariiative.
tliat, uililiT wliii'li my tciit \va.< pil.'Ih'il, i«.iii^' tlir (.iily
oik; ill t!)c nci^lilxiurlioud. 'I'lii.s cxtiiirtitin, ]H'r!i:i|is,
iii;iy uhd be ('XjtluiiK'd by llip iii(!ri'us"inj^ aridity of t'.c
soil. A; iiiiiiicroiis pils liiU of iMuiniiiirs h.ivc beiii dis-
covcrid in the heart ol" the iiiDuntiiiiit, wilb<iul eollins
niid merely ciiibalimd, it ii;:iy be iiilerri d tliiit tliesi'
wi're the iKidio:) of the poorer el.isses, wlio could not
affurd that cfiicnsuc mode of iiiluriiieut.
CIIAl'TKIl vjir.
neliini nf the Ki'rillriiifii Iriilii lMt'i)i;--MlMnn(liiL-r nf llin '\'\\%\>
r :!:ir.liinliii:il;i lor llic parly— I '.njiliiii ii nl ilic Aialisef t ip. r
Kyyin — I'lTii lly ol* Uii' ci-il— I'jiui lly of iiihaliiian's iitiuni
'l\iVtii'p~l)L-M:il|iU>tii of llle Ihial III wtilt'll (tie uutimr luitiaiaiv
I'. rOiir...
Aller an absence of six days llie geiitli men returned
from ICfitiio. On tin ir way tjiitherf they saw KrmeiitT
or llermontliis, to llie imiec temple ol' wliieli they eimld
Mot t;aiii lidiniltame, ns it was occupied by the 'I'nrks.
Neai tills place the Mile is rcmarliablv narrow, not ex-
ceediii;;, in appearaiue, the breatllh ol one liinidred ami
lifty yarils, 'I'liey si'ciued to liave bi-en somewlial <]is-
npjMiiiited with Kdfoo ; owin;<', ptrhaps, to Denoirs ex.
'ipiferaled praise of it. .Mier readinj; liis ihseriplion, 1
hud set my heart uponBiein;; it; and I thereloiu was
not sorry when I luariied that the ardent rrenehmaii
liad, in sonic decree, supplied Ihc dilapidalioUH of lii;ie
uiid barbarous destruction by his own yivid iiiuifriiiatioii.
I Teel no iiicliiiatiun, iiowevc-, lospeakof 1)( luin but with
tJie );reatest res|Rit ; the jreneral aecuriiey of his draw-
in^rs and deseriptioiis is wonderful ;— indeed so iniicb so,
that 1 know not how lie eoidd have iiceomplished the
task under the privations to wliich he was expi.-ed.
Torced inarche.-; alter a llyinj; eiieiiiV, — the Ik at of an
K^'yjitian sumiuer, blinded as he wan by ilu>t and ophtlial-
niia, — deprived of all reinedi>.s or iilli'vi:itioiis, — imaeeiis.
tomed, from his previous habits, to the liard^Inps of a
soldier's life, and at an a^e when Kueh habits are neilher
easily formed, nor is llie coiislitntioii eiuibled to bei.r
lileni : bis irood liuiiii.nr and aelivily, aidtd by /.eal and
tde.it, under all llie.^e luherse cireuiiistaiices, arc really
worthy of admiration.
An elaborate iiceount of the Temple of Udfoo would
noA' be uuperlluous. It will, liimevrr, soon allo;jetlicr
cease to corrcs|Kind with the exi'tiiiL' deliiiealions of it,
Wi, the inner jiart of l.'ir temple is net iipii d liy people of
llie villat'e, who have disliniiri d it liy buibliiii; mud p^ir-
tilinns i(itweeii the pillars, almost up to their exipiiiile
lulus capitals, wwii desec:ralc it by evi ry spei ies of abomi-
nation.
l)n their return they laiuKd at Kleitliias, 'I'lie cbiel
objects of curiosity in these e.ives have been riiuiiieruted
by llamliton; hill the (renlleiiun weie iiiueli interested
ill tra< iiii; the strikini; similarity of the ri'presentations
of ancient K);yptian iiiaiiiier.s and ociiipatioiis with those
v^liicli actually prevail amoii)r Uic Hindoos. 'I'lie K^rvp-
tiaii teiiijiles, tou, resemble the Hindoo in the i;eneral
itiiieliire, the form of the pilljrs, imd the darkness of th(
Intcri.ir. 'I'hc re|iTescntatioii of mytholoirieal lijjiircs is
another coineiilcnec, llioii;;h lliiie is no deiided siniila-
Illy bitiVeeii tin- deities represeiiled. There are not
waiitiiir, on the other liaiul, strong,' jH^iiits of distinetinii
— the ebseiice of pyramidal struelincs, and obelisks, ami
lii< roiilyiihics, in India, where the inscriptions, if uiiv,
arc ill alphalictical wrilin;;. It may also be observed,
liial the most celebrated Hindoo teiiiples are (rtiierallv
i.vcav.iled, whereas the il^ryplian arc erected.
.\t Ksiieh, or I.atopolis, the persiii in eharne of the
temple readily otVered the ^'eiitleiiieli udmission, a. id
eomiueti d them wherever the place was acccH-ible. Hut It
was occupied as a storehouse liir eotloii, larac bah- 1 of
which wire piled U);aiiist its biaiitifiil columns, and the
liiero^lyphii's were nnich defaced by smoke.
The kaimakafi of the city wua cxtrenuly civil; invil.
ted tlie parly to drink culi'ee, Kent a present ol' a sheep,
iind lent ihcni lior.cH tu convey Ibeiii to .Vpliroditopilis.
A full (rrowii lioness, i|iiietly basking in the sun, was
I haiiK'd to one of the pillars of the mrallery llirou)r|i
wliic'i llicy passed ; and iipparcntly, from the leiiKth ol
her ell. liii, there was no other |iroleelion to passeii|;crs,
in such a daii|{i'ri)us vicinity, Ihun tho uiiimid's forbear,
uiin ,
'I'hey lutided nl ('rneoililo|Hili«, but, nntwilliHtondinp
its ni:,'iiilicaiit name, did not see one of Ihc .iniinals
wbii h nisiiiiided there formerly, and from which tin
place t'Kik its iip|wllalion. Indeed, if I n collect riKhl,
we saw only one croeudilo during} llie time \vu were
on tli« Nile,
Artiir ten days' deliiy, the Ihi.iIh fiom K'enneh iirrived,
hut thp rnrlieri' bad fixed sn Inrjie n iiricc for them, nnd
the rtiX) nr rnptiin, rrqiiirrH nn miirii mnrc In nddilinn
that Antonio w i.t ..irto |:r"«nre ethers. Ucmk ccedeil;
but tlu'se boats, witii Si-vir.il more which joiiu d him on
his passayp, anchored two inilis Inflow Tbels's, the crew
lu'iny Icarl'ul t.f r.pproacliiii!; till those Ixlon^inj; lo the
cachi'ef li.'id Isen birtd. When this was discovered,
some of tJie ;|intleincii rmle down to the sjMit, took pos.
session each of a Itoat, and lirnu<;lit them up in triumph,
rile Turks of the caclKct"'* Ixats were so ini'i nscfl when
they saw thir, llint they tired three shots over one of the
canfjias* to inlin.idato Ihc iiicii. .Matters, hovvrvcr,
were at l.a.st accoiniiin<l.?led, and all Ihc boats were divid-
ed anionj^ the i>arty ; tJi.tsi* of the cachcct' beiiifr taken
at an exorbitant price, with tiic intiinntion, however, that
a compl.iiiit res|)ciliiij.' ll.c exaction would Ik- made lo
the pasha. The uImac arran^clllenLs broii^'ht us lo the
iMli ol January, an un'or'niule loss of time, as I feared
to eiiconnter the plairii,. at .Mcxai.dria, .".iid ill ciiiise.
pience a li T.'jIlieiM d i|uarantine at .Malta. Moreover,
the state of |H>lltics made us cuxiou.s lo 1i avc Kjfypt,
thiiii;r|l it was scarcely |inssiblc to fancy a more (Haceful
iiiilry at tliul time. If I were to judjre from what I
saw, I should call the .Arabs of l'p|« r I'Vip' " 'lappy
peoph', iiirt»it!isl3iiiling the dwcllinpi u\ the jHKircr
class were wretched in the cxlrcnic ; indeed, they jjene.
rallv lived in holes in tlie iiioiinlains, in oriliT to place
IhemM'lves in srenrity from the iiiuiidalion of the .Nile.
Hut as I wandered through the villapcs on the plain, the
donkey drivers ccnstanlly ofi'ercd iiic to partake of ex.
ecllcnt vvheaten bread ; the f.'-.i^ p and cattle were abun-
dant; the milk rich ; end es'js were in such plenty that
wc used to oil! lin el;rhly liir a piistrc.t
The soil <X I'^'Vpt may truly l>c called luxuriant, and
Ihc siirprisinir viTiety of llie crops (;ivc a pleasing' no.
velty to iiiir ridi'*. t'lain* of the richest clover, in which
the cattle rcvi lli d uncontrolli d, U^ides fields of wheat,
maize, beans of tlie swnii St scent, indigo, c<itloii, llax,
'and 1 must not oinit the blue lupine, which is here nscil
r.s an article of f kmI., were lo be s«cii cxlcndin^r in every
dirt < tioii. Still, amidst all this fruitfiiliicss, I could not
help niuarkiti!; the loiuliricss of Thclx s itself", (if I may
deiiomiinte ( 'arn.''-e and l.iix"r,^ and bow fi'W animals
lid birds, pigeons .done exivptcd, broke the universal
stilh.ess. To mv eve, accii>lonu-d lo the swnrmiiij^
niiiltiludes of Calcutta, the |iaiicity of inhabitants hire
wa < very conspieuoiu. The absence, also, of ull fislier-
iiii'ii on the Nile was vil mere rcm.Trkable. (1;'. the
(ianjrcs, hundrids of fishermen maybe observed, anil
vessels ari' t'rc (Ucntly ebliijcd lo alter their course, lo
avoid injurin;r llie iiumernus nets; but at TIicIms I never
{KTceivid any |NT>oti en^;x*^I in that employmi nl, and
ll;e .Nile flows silently and lr:.ii<piilly ahm;;, unitislurbed
by a siniyle Istat. .Mcdiluliiitr on this diversity, my inia.
filiation, rajiiiily passing ovit the occurrences of many
weeks, tr:.ns|Mirli d nii' luck lo India, and forced upon
me the contrast of Calenlta, the city of palaces, in the
very pruriency of Iralfie nnd ixpuklion, with the
once iiiaifiiiliernt TIkIhs, llie city of a Inindred (jales,
devoid of iiihabilanls, vvilliont eomiiicrcc, and lyiii;;
waste, in all the desolitioii of ruined maje-ty.
( liir servant had the wliole morning lu'en cicanini; the
niaash selected f'or us, tVoin the mud and dirt, which ad.
hireil to it ul le.ist two inches thick. 'I'lie outside had
already disjKlIed any ilhi-ions I iiii);hl Invc had of its
ri'si mblance to ('leo|ialra's callcy, but when 1 entered it,
I confess I was i)uite dismayed. \ njininon coal barufe
on the river Thiiiiis would have airorded lietlcr aci'oni.
iiiod.itinii. Two small cabins in the stern, the wooden
p::rtitions besmeared with dirt, every plank dixiihd, some
entirely broken out, «ilmittiii|r sun, wind, nnd rats, and
' be lowness of tho oiliii;, which did not allow of my
standiii!; upri<.-ht, made iiiu look round in ho|H'h'Ss dis.
eoiiil'ort. I'lW minuUii, however, elaiiwd Is'foru our lent
was dismantb d, the wnlU thrown over the lop of the
Ismt, and a projeelini; |H>le addeil, which, with the help
of our trunks liir n plalliirni, nnd a carjiet over them,
foriiicd n sort of v.Taiiduli. We nailed tabic. cloths on
the ceilini; nnd sides of the cabin, and the n|K'nin|ra most
ex|»>~cd lo cold I eliHH'd \« illi little coloured mats, which
1 liup|Miicd tu have kron^lit nilli uiu from India. 'I'lie
• The IhsiH einplov<d on llie Nile nrr mitnshi s,
djernis, d dials ears, ami cnn(;ias. The niaasli iA u har(;e,
II ell for neeomiiKMlalioii or for liurlhcii; the djeriii,
soiiii what liifliter .nnd sn iflvr, liir llie lallcr pur|Nise ex-
ehivivi ly, DihaUears and caneiaa differ litlh' ill si/.e
and construction; the latter Uini; smuller, nnd Istfer
calenlated for ei|irdili«n : Uith aru cmplojid nolcly for
the conveyance of passi njers.
t Fifteen pnsirm on« dollar— one piaatre, not qiiilo
three pener.
carpel wi.s spread; mir Iwo lillle brass camp bid, j..^^
looked like sol'as, and it was no siiiull trratiliejii,!,, |„ ^^
to sec a cdeaii, c7)nil'(irtable, nay, almost prelty lialiii,ii,,|,
instead of the dirty dismal hole I had entered an Iku,
before.
C'llArTEU IX.
Ill pnrliire riiiin 'I'lic Is s— I'l'inlirii— .\itIiIi nl im ro:iirn fmu, \\,„^
— Willll ol ^ll■Illllilll^.^illllt(■A^lll^--lllsnlll^^■Ml| tlilinil..||,.,i.|,.
IHSr- ailtt lli>tlllSl — Sititll— llllUllhitrfsflt — I'llkt S-it'llt Ul' \\k J',,'
mills.
Ilaviny: thus Imip pitched our tents nl Thclics I lo.,ii,j
upon it as a home, and ipiilted it with inueli ri|Tri|. \\,
embarked on the iHtli of January, and on the I'.itli j,.
rived at Heiidira, situated just opposite lo Keiiiiuji. h,
cachcef of which place had hi baved so ill about ll;. |,n,|,
that we diterniiiiiil not to land. It was nut uii||„u;
threats, however, that we made the ri is pass en, Km.
nab iM'in;,' the usual place f'or obtniniii}; supplies ; liut nr,
sooner did wc cast anchor, than the boat's criiv, r.m
servant, and interpreter, all deserted us. Next innriMn.
atUr traekiii;,'' in u boat an hour and a half, ninl ruir'.
nnother hour, we reached the temple of Deiidern. Ii i
the first view in the distance was lessbtrikiii^r tlian Hue
anticipatid. The portico alone was visible, and it m,
only ujHiii a closer examination that I found iniiclitiiu.
mire, as the b.iildin)r itself is heavy, and the |>j|lji,
Ihoii^h they have been so highly juaiscd, cannot jusili-
be called beautiful.
The Kiiyplians bi in(j unncquainted \\illi the jcionlific
principles of the arch," their pillars are ulwoys ton iinKh
crimdid lofri ihcr, but their lieij;lil, and eUjiant |iro|».r.
lions, and tlie absence of eeiliii(;, freiierally dlllli^i^ll tin,
delect. .Not so al Deiidera; the |Mirtico, which is riwiii
ill, and in perfect priserviilioli, consists of twenly-tiiui I
pillars, three in a row, and the I'our enormous fan; ti
ll (Toddess Isis, ii|miii the capital of each, jfivi Ihc tmilj.
a very clumsy appearance. The sculpture nn iW
waiU is exfrimely tine; and Ihou^rh most of the llj,'iir>>
lavi been defaced with peculiar care, some interiiiiiiij
vent iiiiist have arrested the prof;ress of the deslroniK
hand. The very sisit is marked, one half of a figun a
the middle of a row is defaced, and the other ball, niu,
two ran^'is of fi;,Miris aliove, remains entire, Wbea I ills.
covered the western w ull of the leniplc, my adiiiirutn,n |
was imlHiunded. It is in perfect preservatiiii. TLt
tijjurcs are finer, the propnrtioiis hitler, and the lariinj I
iiiieli superior to those on any biiildin^r 1 had yet mu.
The wall consists of iminense blocks of sbiiic, so Hmuntii, I
and well put tu^rether, that the joints do not bitak iIk I
line ol*c\ipiisite sculpture. One wuriior is repri«iiUii|
with a Ihiwing robe, of suili transparent workiiiinshiji, I
that the limbs are visible tliroU)r|| it. Hut the wliok »l'|
this noble edifice has already liceii described, and »ii
justifies the praises bestowed u|h>ii it by llaniilton lU I
Deiioii. It is eipially woiiderl'ul in its iiiu),'iiituili', indl
the profusion of its ornuinenis, us in the coinbiiiatiim ill
exbihils of the refined taste of the (irieks, with flu
lidity mill splendour of more uncienl limes; nnd it ii il
curious fact tliut the (Wrecks nnd lionians eoiiliiiuiil lil
adopt the D^yptiau style of nrchilectiire in the Kiiritil
edilices raised by them after the country hud collie uiiu! I
their ilominion. The iianics deciphered at |lenili'ri:r(|
comparatively modern, — I'tohniy, 'J'ilH'tius, I'laui'ms |
Domilian, Trajan, and .\iitoniiic.
On our retiini from the teinple, I was nearly iiiifliii;!
with nil awkward udveiitiire. .After a loii|r ride, wr fouril
we had missed the place win re wc had left the ti rrr-lio:!,!
nnd that we had to cross a ipiicksund Isfore ue rruUl
reach our iiiaash. In a inimite, my donkey sank uplol
the saddle, and one second more saw ine olT ili fnck,|
and thrown across the shoulder of nil .\rnb: ini uik d'l
corn couhl have bicn treated witR less ccreiiiony. Ai|
any oilier time, I sliouhl have shnddered at the apiimrb
of his )rariiieiit lo within u ynrd of my jH'rson. Iluful.iil
I had rceiivcrid from my first surprise, my riiliniloml
|sisitioii would have iiinde iiie ' iii(.'li nudihly, had I ii<Kl
liceii feart'ul that, if the iiinii had cniiirht the ciiiila;iim.|
he mi|rlil have let me fall into the stream. Fortiiiul'l.'l
I did not recolleel, at that moment, the coiif'cHsinnal'ul
Arab boatman, » illi whom I remonslrated on hiii T:^^|
of cleanliness, nnd who, on my ipicstionini; liini I"'!
often he wnshi d, answered, with nppnreni »ini|iliiilyiF
that he bad only done so three times in his life, ivlDif
the eereiiioiiles of his religion |H'reiiiplorily re<|uiriil ill
What n eonlrnsl lo llio prnelicu of the Iliiiduot, *^\
• I have since lienril of the discovery «t S.irciira nf iikI
uncienl nreh on the kej'.tlmir principle, ond nndmilitilljl
Kiryplinn,
iiiiiT alHw a day
ulm, III the coldest
111 me (-iaiiires, nl<
mill llicnisclve.s, li
I sliould not fori
000111'ir of Kenn
liin'jieiied apinal
iili.rUiiii on the p
ranii' on board to
niiiiso accepled, as
lie hiiikIs f'or the bo
I'ruia similar cxacti
I'assini; (low, wl
liikis, lie reached (
laiM a coiiveiil, the
milk Arab style
nun, wiio was at
liiieii ill (General i
linn, liad resided fi
imiiliaiied that tlicr
uw llioiHaiid Chris
l.l^' Catholics, the
(ufitic church is den
mil Jae.ibites of the
Tlic wind beiiig v
under a range of iiii
lA muiiiiny pits, in
p.;
uliu'li we wished to
mil nn (srsuasion eo
111' luat till they had
mill us, as our lnler|
I'Ul H'c promisi'd to
lln' Isut, which was
liuurvcr, was such ll
till us tu dcjiart, ruth
Ix'honi mentions i
of nna!,'lit, and this,
ll I'liilu' ; but not wit
tnltic cannot, I slioii
naily money. I'erli
niiiilar to that which
«!in, I believe, forcll
Ufoi of.
Iliir Isiat's crew bri
fy;», and bread. The;
iliiiiin to that which •*,
>> I had heard so niiK
ll (ill Illy of Ksli ill Ihi
fiiiiiil pusl, the .Arabs
il, a tliiy find the cul
Till iiieiilioii of these
I i:i<laiici' ,if the iiiicere
•■ llavinjf procure
I liuiiofil; but while I v
1 11 la what parts lo rel
Illi troiilile of siilKlivisi
tkr autliority, llie best
'I'lie iiiirtli wind cont
I lull' iiroifress, and we
«i»ii He fell inclined.
11!) liiiiidK serTant, I w
I trim tlie Isiat. The re
I opiii my leincrity, an
imiiil iiltendant, hut ni
I nniiii|;i, I met with n
I Uili iif ibrn^fc on ihcii
IpM williiml inti'rrupl
I Unfiiiiil to ii|>eil their b
Itfiail, III lio|M's of sale.
I Alt uiidria to Malta, iir
I lo a I* rson t'ond of cli
jputinif a winter in V,^\
I'nllii utreiiie; the sui]
lillfiiJid with no troul
I inAtil, the l,-isliii({ ^lali
ITlnliisand the 1') raiiiii
I "a >'i)a)(u and a li'ni{
Hr ncre sisin ohliifci
llwalimn or vilhi(re, lii
J»iliiil«iiiii'lollic vieiii
jruriiiM 1,11,1 presiiiiiinif
l"iM.iltii we what Ihi
|li»'.win> iiii|Nirtuiiulc, ce
l"l"Mf,kien Khowuji
ly'liiiil," an npiH'llnii
jfrjiiL lilt,,, for il never
I "''I M"''"^'!" rui lru\c|
Mils. LIJSIII.NGTON'S NARHATIVE.
279
ain|> l«i|s ,.,,„
til'itMlidn Id ii„
ctly liiiliit.,11,.,,
ntirid an Wui
r**:iirii titit:itft. n'.
tl itit-iriiiiii ,,.
i-il'hl i>\' iIk I'vu
ThcU'ii I l(i.,ii,j
lUtli npnt. W,
on tlie r.illi it.
to luiinali, tiK
I uliiitlt till' l,ii;.|,.
vaK iiul ttulk.u;
s |ia*H on, Iviri.
KUiiiiliii' ; but III,
mhiI'm cnu, (.iir
Nest iiinriiiii;,
liair, mill tiiii!^'
I' IKiiilira. I; t
rikiii); than I \m,
Kihlf, and it u^i
DUiid niiiditouc.
und till' |iillat>,
id, cannot jiuil;
litli tllc fcirnlifit
alvvayx ton niwh
I i-U'|;ant |iro|<ir.
illy dllniul^ll lm<
), wliic'li ib riKifui
L8 of tweiity-Iout I
nornious lu('(<t oi'
I'll, |;ivi IIk' IiuiIj. I
Hcul|itiir(' »n liir
list III' till/ liptit
soiiK' iiitt-rutiii!;;
cil' the di'striiyu.!;
lall' ot" a li(;urr .^
u iitliir hall, wit;. I
itirr. When I ills. I
lie, my udiiiiMnn
iri'Si-rvatiMi. 'I'U
, und the raiiiii; |
i 1 had yil mii.
I' Mtiiiii', HO nmuotii,
ilu not hiiak llic I
iiir U ri'|iri'!4iiUil I
lit \viirkMian>luii,|
Itut Ihi' wliok lij
'scrilk'il, anil «i.i I
hy llaniiltim ai<l|
H iiia),'iiiludi', iriii I
i» coiiihiiiatiiiii It I
Uh, with thi K.
liiiirs ; and it ii 1 1
Lliri coiiluiuiit v>l
liiri' in the naitiill
V linil riiiiii'unilir I
d at Ihiiilirj irt I
iHiiii!-, (.Inui'iusl
iH nearly inwliiitl
liiiU ridr, «T four.Jl
llill ihilirryliK'J
Inlorr wr riuWl
lniiki'V Kuiil' up")
iiH'oH" ii" lu'M
lArnh: no Mfk ''I
(•(■rriiioii)' ^'1
i-il lit the n|i|ir'«ili
jlMTWHI. llulw'iftl
!•, my riilinilouil
ilihly, had 1 i^l
[ht thr «iiii1ifi»^l
[iiiii. I'lirtimiil'l.'l
(•(in(r«»iimol'ij|
ili-d on his "ii'l
|liniiiM|; him '"'I
\>iirint iiiiii|ili"'Ti[
ill hill lifi,«l»>l
lliirily m|uii«l il-l
lliiidoof, •l»l
lilt Saociri"!'''"'!
,iindiindniil*'i"!|
irr all^^' " <'"y '° P"*^ without plenary ahliitinii, niid
I ,„ (||i< eohh'st uiMtlier, hathe thrir xhiviriiii; lilllh^
.„ liii' tiaimi'S iilliHviii); the clotlies, which tlii'y wanh
mill Iheinsilvrs, to dry on their iK'tKonN I
I should not liiri;('t to inenlioii tliiil the deputy nf the
,i.i,i„r ot' Kenneli, lenrinnf the ci.nw'i|iiiiiee ol" our
liinMliMid apjual to the p,-U(liii, who severely piniishis
ivli.rtJiiii on the part of hin olVicors towards »tr:iii),"rs,
„„if on boiird to olFer hiii a|H)lo(;ies, which were ol
,,,,11* acccpleil, as the principal motive for rcnistini; the
I, iiijiiils •"'" ''"' I'oats was to preserve I'litiirv travellers
IMiii similar exactions.
I'assiiiK Mow, where the French defeated tlic Maine.
liikcs, «e reached (iirfreh on the 'JUd. 'I'his town eon-
laiiisa convent, the KU|K'rior and monks of which dress
lutlii Arah style. One of them, I'adre Ladcslan, n Ito.
nun, who was at ('airo when the Knglish prisoners
Uitii in (General Krazer's unfortunate cx|icditioii wen
iJiiTi', lia'l resided firteeii or sixteen years at (iirfridi. He
ujiiitiui'''l that tlieri! were in the place, eight liunilred or
„\r lliuii/iand I'liristiaiis, of whom about four liuiidred
t,,n' Catholics, the rest fonts, at least in name. The
loiilic cliiircli is descended troni tlio ancient Kutycliians
mil Jaiohites of the .Monophysile heresy.
I'lic wind being very liigh, we were oblijred to anchor
uiulcr a range of mountains, in which were niuiiy holes,
(,1 inuiMinv pit-1, inhabited by .\rabs apparently very
ant. -Mr. I<. and 1 walked about a iiiih: from the bout,
■nil fill in with some of these men, of the wildest aji-
iniiance, feeding their flocks. \Vc selected a slieei
iilacli we wished to purchase, ond agreed on the terms
Ml no ixrsuasion could induce the Aruln to take it to
llir luat till they had the money in hand. Wc liud iiom
mill u«, as our interpreter as well as our signs explaiiieil,
M wo promised lo puy them the inoment we reached
(Ik iKUt, wlileli was then in sight, 'i'lieir incredulity
IwuDicr, was such that, |>oor us they were, they |ieriiiil
Uil us tu depart, rather than du|H'iid U|ioii oiir promise.
Mioni mentions that a promise loan Arah is a thing
of nnu);lit, and this, I could imagine, might Im' the ease
tl I'liilus but not within n short distance of t'airo, where
Inlfic cannot, 1 should presume, always lie carried on in
ruily iiiiiiiey. I'erhaps tlicy uppreiiended oppression
(iiiular to that which tlicy e.x|M'rii'iieed from the 'I'lirks,
• !io, I lulicve, forcibly seize every thing they stand in
IKt-d of.
(liir boat's crew breaUfasled on coffee, |ioaelic(l or liard
ffifs, and bread. They frnpiently purchased meat in ad
iliiioii to that which we g.te tliciii; which siirprisi'd me,
1 ■> I liad heard ho mncli of their |K)verly, .Vlthoiigh lliere
iijilrnty of fish ill the Nile, some of which I tasted and
I t'lUiiil 1,'iiihI, the .\rubs do not trouble theinselvcs to take
il, utIii'V find the cultivation of the soil more prolitablc.
I Till iiK'iilioii of tlie.^c eircuinstuiices reminds mc of un
liiflaiiri' iif the micerenioiiiousness of our iiisubordiiiati'
ni«. Having procured a sheep, I proini.4id them u (sir-
I liuii ufil ; but while I was giving direitions to the Kervaiit
i> til what parts to retain, I liiuiid they hud spared me
till troulile of sulKJivision, by appropriating, without fur.
Ilrr authority, the best hull tu tliemsclves.
Till' north wind continued so strong that the boat inadi'
ilili' proKri ss, and we were enabled to land genernlly
I linn Ol' lilt inclined. Freijueiitly, uecom|»iiiied only by
I tl y Ii niidv servant, I wandered to a eon.'<iderable distance
I iMiii till' Isial. The reis ul lirnt riiiiuiistrated with inc
I ufoii my ti'iiierily, and reeoiiimendeil iiie to liuvo an
lirmril dioiidaiil, lint iiotwitlistandiiig ] disregarded his
I nriiiii|;.4, I met with no niarnis. The b'dlahs, currying
I liiiil> of forage on their asses or euniels, pariiiilted us to
l|iiM willioiit interruption, und tlieli wives generally
liti>|i|>il to o|M'ii their baskets filled with rice, eggs, und
Ibnail, III hii|H's of sale. Were it not for the voyage from
lAkuniliia lo Malta, und the ipiaruntiiie, I could fancy,
llui iKmon fond of change, no pleusunter vuriely than
Ijuiuii! I winter ill Kgypl. 'I'he eliiimte is exhilarating
linlln Dtri'iiie; llie sailing and floating down the Nile
lillriiiliil with no troulile; the scenery iN'untiful i and,
I iMliiA till' lasting gralilicalion of seeing sueli ohjiels as
I Tilt Iks and the ryraniids is worth greater •aeriflces than
ImiiiiyuKu and a leni|Mirary imprisonmenl.
Wo wire Msm obliged to desire the Keis to anchor 1m'.
Iliiwaiiiwii iir village, lor, on approaching l>ower l''gypl,
|>t liiil conn- to the vicinity of the 'I'urka, who were more
Imims gild presiiiiilng than the Aralw, and usually as-
•liiltoMT what tliv bunt eontuined. The women,
lliki.mri' iiii{Hirtiiiiale, coming down to beg, and whining
Iwt " Mi'>kiiii Khiiwajuli," which means "I am jsMir,
Ii»t'liiiil," an np|M'llntion they give lo every one In a
iriink iliinii, for it never enters into thrir emitinipiation
ItUli |»rwin r.iii travel for plensnrr, or fioin uny ollii'r
motive than gain; |M'rha|>s, however, this term is intended
us line of irs|iei:t when upplieil to t'liri.-ti.ins,
SiiKit, the capital of Upiwr l'<gyi'l, where we landed on
the "Jilli, is u niei' hHikiiig town, with several good iiiina-
ri ts. The hiiii.se of Ibrahim I'aslia, the governor, who
is also son. ill. law to .Mahomed Ali, was liir siiisrior to
any wc had sei n in this country; hut the materials of il
were not iiiore snlist;iiitinl. The js'ople were not uncivil,
and apparently a<'eu.<toiiied to L^uroiieuiis. A Turkish
hoy, however, of uliinit lifleeii years old. deprived us of a
couple of asses we had just hired, b^ iiitiniidaling the
driver. Ileing in front of the Turkish inuinguurd, it was
prnileiit to submit to this net of iilsoli iiie,
Sigiior .Massuri, a Neajsilitan physiiinn riiiployed here
hy the jla^1la ns a vaccinator, iiiforiiied lis that the am-
hassadors of Kngland, France and Knssia, had lelV Con-
stantinople; a piece of intelligence which rendered me
more anxinus than ever to proceed.
On the night of the iiHlh we were off .\ntiiioc, liiiill hy
Hadrian, in honour of his favourite, Aiiliiious, who was
supiHised lo have Isen drowned in the .Nih' near tliiHH|Kit.
Its ruins, described by Hamillon, induced some of the
gLiilh'iiii'ii, tlii,ii)i|i it was so late ns eli vun o'eloek, lo
visit Iheiii. After a good deal of troulile, they prmiired
a giiiiie from the village; und, at the end of a desolate
walk, they were disup|xiinted by finding every relic of
value reiiiiived, it was said, for materials for the new
buildings at .Siont, and to enib<'llisli the (hil\urdar's pa-
lace ut Cuiro. It would have Ihcu gratifying to have
seen Ihesi- ruins, and thus licen cnubled to compare tlic
arcliilectuie of Hadrian's city on the hunks ol the .Nile,
with Hadrian's magnificent villa in ar Koine.
On reaehing llemiihassen, we uiieliorid just Ih'Iow the
giottoes which are half-way up the mouiitnin. Within
a siinare cut in the rock, is seen a temple sup|Mirti'il by
pillirs, on which rests a |H'diineiit. These pillars, wliieli
are nmri' ill the (■reciaii than the Kgyptian style, are
singularly elegant, having their Hlialis compoHcd of four
rods compri'ssed at the iieek of the capital vvliieh is
formed hy their expansion. The scenes on the walls are
execUeiilly dcscrils'd hy Hamilton. 'I'lu colours were a
gisid deal covered by dirt and siiioke, hut when we re-
innved tlicse with u wet towel, fi.veil to the end of a [Nile,
wc were all surprised ut a brilliant pietnre making its
ap|K'uraiii'c. 'I'lie colours are oeeusliiniilly very vivid;
the green, lilac, and light blue, of the plimiage of soiiie
birds, represented in the lut of being snared, are purlieu,
larly line. 1 observed no mylholngieal figures here, and
few hieroglyphics. On this s|M)t 1 v>'uh struck willi the
ipiuiitiiies of little fluttened stones, or, as it were, puces
of burnt clay of a sand colour, alniul the size of u shilling,
and ealliil hy the natives angels' money; they were us
iiuiinruus un these muuiitaiiu ua »liin|{les uii tliu sea-
shore.
.\s we udvaliceil toward* Cairo, the navigation of the
Nile beeuiiie more precarious, and the niunsli frcipiently
gut aground, where our course', fioni u purtial depth of
the sli'iaiii, seemed h'ast liable to interruptions. 'I'wo
maashes, sunk in a rocky and dungemns |iart of the
river, uliiioBt a whirljHiol, proved the risk we encountered
in going oil at night ; and yet this wc were coni|K'lled lo
(lis from tlii^ violeneu of the contrary wind which pre
vnih'd during the day.
The next morning, on hsiking out nfllio mansli, I was
struck by seeing what up|H>ared to ine n moiuitoiii of
siiignlnr Khn|ie, inclining to one side, u« if the liiuiidation
had partially given wny. A llttlii IhIow, tliu view of the
I'yruiiiids of (iliiyeh lirsl broke u|Mm me; and us the
mountain alsivc ineiitioned made them liuik small, they
did not fill ine with that degree of usionislmieiit which 1
had ex|H'cted them to ejeile. (ireat, Ihercforc, was my
siirpriso lo find that what I had iinagined lo Im n inoiiri-
taiii, was cnlh'd the falso pyramid — which, from iH'ing
nearer, and built u|Nin a nioinid, seemed, though Ihe re-
verse', of u larger sixe lliaii the olliers. Hud I at lirsl
known the lriilli,llie itVei't would, perhaps, have In'iii far
more iiii|s>siiig; hut, as it was, I hHikeil and liHiked, and
I'liebavoured to raise iiiyM'lf lomimelhing like enUmsiasiii,
hut I could not sui'i'ccd. 'I'he I'yramiils still cnnllniieil
to III', in my ryes, no more' than the pigmy effoits of hu-
man iinpcrlielion lo rival Ihe surrnundin^ mouiitainH,
( HArriiii X.
Apt>riinrh in Cniio- Itiili* frion tlie Imihih to tin' Con^iilnte — A| .
IUpIii'Iih o I III' till' rt.iullr t*\i'illsliill Ihiiiiiili III!' rtly unit II-
inilriiiik liiillurilni - :\iii'ril"'' iit'ilirl'aiiliH'>HiiiiiiiiiirvJiNllri'—
TottiliH lit' lllii MliloallllM' Pll illis--\VM'trlliil riiiiitilloh ul tlir
I hllilii'ii VkII IU HhiHitlln— .Vlireilotl' ol Illr |>ii»liu s AlliTlloii
for liii tail' \\\(i\
Onr npproaeh lo Cairo was nol under rnvonrahin uii>.
pirei. Thu rain which, Tor Ihe laot Ihrcv daya, had lo
unusually prnvuilcd, continued to dri'Z'iilu, and the cloudy
sky added to the iiiehiiielnily appi'uraiico of the decayed
and ilesirleil banaek-looking lioii.ses on each slilc the)
Nile, ill wliK'li tliu c.iscineiits were broken, if they hud
I ver lie'Cii ghi/.ed. A lew stragglers along the hunks,
and no loats in uitivity on the river, gave but little idea
iif our vicinity to u enpitul.
'I'hd first thing which attracted my attention after
the ryinmlds, was a eastclhled biiililmg, perched on
the siiiiiniit of Ihe moiintain on the right bank of tlio
river — so liiifh and so obscured by the mist, that I had
no idea of what it was till I lixikcd through u IcIeNcopo,
when It proved u pieturesipie tiirt, ol the same colour us
the mountain on which it stood; und, from the lutter
being sear|ied from top to liollom, the nsenni oulsido
np|ivari'd very dillieult. Wo pulled on till two houra
utter ilarh, und reinuiiicd all nighl in u creek of Ihu
river, to avuid the noise of the nnnnriius crul'l in llio
principal stream, unil ulso tu esiupe u visit from tlin
rats, which are ever ready lu shill their ipiarters un the
airivil of a new vessel. A slcaiii-bnat wns lying op|>o-
site ihn island of Ithoila, whero the Indian uiiiiy wus
eiii'uni|H'd in ll^Ol. .\c.\t morniug we landed at Itulue,
and I'ouiid hoises uiiil donkeys proviileil tiir us by thu
kimlness of.\Ir. .Maltas, aetiiiL' lor .Mr. Ilarker, Ihc Kng-
lisli consul, then at Alexandria. The genlleioan went
hrst, und uflcr dcspulcliiiig our baggage to Cairo, I
mounted my dapple, and, atteiuled by Anlunio Iho Italian
."Crvuiil, followed lo tlio coiisulnle.
I ti'lt some little nervousness ul the idea of riding
through the crouded streiels ul iiimiii ; but tlioio proved
no just cuusu of upprcheiisioii from the piople, who,
tliiiii);h lliey looked intently, and one or two'l'uiks iiiudo
'ibsi'ivutiuns to eueli other, ollbred nut the bli^htest iii-
I iiility.
I believe the women I met eyed mc with us much in-
lereitas I regarded them. Tiny resiinbled friars more
than women ; uppe'uring giiierally course and lilt, liilliig
rii niriilier, and envelopeij in a Iihisc, shapiless garinent
of LIuck silk, which covered the head us well as thu
ligure, and on the Ibrchead joined a piece of white linen,
all. eh descended in a peak to Ihc waist, und which,
witliiiiit sticking close, eoiieealeil the tine like a mask.
Two holes were eut in tins fur the eyes, somelinios so
large that eilie might giuss at the eharneter of tho fucu
beni'Uth; and the elotli, from Iho forehead down In Uio
tip ol the nose, was uelorned with a row of seijuins, or
otlur orimnionts. Altogether the) whole dri'ss was gru-
tesipiei and ugly. Many streets were so narrow thai,
but lur the blows of the duiikey diivers, I think I should
have I'cen sejueezcd to death by the camels and their
loiids. .Men, horses, dmike'ys, und cuinels, all hurried
on, without tho least regurd lu whom or what iiiight bo
III their way, und yet all uppeureil to e«cn|io with sulety.
The iluy was still overcast, and Ihe sij^lit uf so many
nurrow slreels und discrteel lion.ses, both then and the
day before, filled me with u melunclioly 1 cuuld nut
shako utf, and which was nol dimlnislioil liy tlis up|>our.
aiicu of tho coiiKulutu wlinro »u wore to lodge. Mr.
Salt being lately dead, tho lionse was conseipiunlly un-
inhubileil, and, tuan Kiiglisli e>ye, unfurnished.
'I'lic cemvcrsation, in Iho rvoiiing, turned on thn
plagiio ; anil we heard that one iircuinil (the term Used
liir a ileal II by plague) had nlreudy uccnrreil. It waa
natural, therofore, un letiring lo my gloomy chumbor
at night, lo dwell on this awful subject. Tlnsn inedila-
lions woro not chcerod by tho sight of un iron iHtdslcud
and several bottleaof camphor on n biiroau, indicating
the preeuuliona ubsvrvcd agaiuHt infecllun; and I tell
an incrnnscd dejcetiun fioi.i huviiij;, in thn inoining, ru-
reived letters which Iraiispeirted mo in idea tu Knglund,
,ind ull the smiling roinfurts of a home, where liupplly
such dreadful intTielions urn unknown. Osling otf',
liowevcr,tliesa liigubrioiia rolloi lions, I joined my friends
iie.vl day in an exeuision lo view the vuriuus objects uf
iiileriat within our leach.
Crossing thu Ksliuiiuier, or great sipiarr, wo came to
thn lioiist! uf the diillurdar who inariied the jHisha'a
ilaugliler, lo which a gurden is atlaclind, with a sumnier-
lioiiso or pavilion in It, and a marble rounlain. The
iirange Ireea were in full frull ; tho most cun.ipiruou*
lliiwers were French marigolds, inleis(mrs«>«l in tho suiiis
Is'ils with largo cabbages; the I'rnil, flower, and kitchen
gnideii being tliu^ combine d in one.
II uu* in this garilon where General Klobor vvnsassai.
sinaled. Wo saw Ihe s|Hil where ho W"s ■landing, and
the wi II lo which his miirelerer fled for conccahnenl.
Ills well known that thei assassin waa imjialed, and
that he aurvived three days in nKony. The adjnining
liniisn to thia |iolaro ia a humble one, biit il waa Ihal iii
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JIKH. IJ-NII1XUT(>\'.S NAIIRATIVK.
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[V- -n' I. . .
il.
w'lioii U )iiapiirta held liia liuucJ-i|U[irtora whilo ul Cairo.
'I'lio Uiirtiiidur 11 niiii'li dinlikcil; lio unii said to lie of
u sanj;uiiiury ilia|iii8itiuii, and iiiiiy kept in iliick by tlie
panlin. It wuH (joncrully alulcd lliu.t, since JMahunicd
All Imd It'K liiinaclf miture in tliu pualiulic, ho hod
cpaxL'd to be cruiH ; acldoni, of Into years, taking nwuy
lil'e, and iiivur wilh Inrliirc; and if the siibordinati'
'I'nrks wore aa well disposed uh hiinsell^ the Aruln, not-
withalanding the oppressive taxes, would I'eel their
proin'rty iimro soeure. One instuneu ol'liis prompt jus-
lieu exi'iled inueli asldnisliini'iit ; yet n more delilKirule
ini'tliod would not prubably, with such a people, have
prudiieed uu ei|UiU etlKCl. A I'iteliiel', wUo jiad not lun)>
been aceustoiued lo tliu I'asha's rule, punished one ot'
Ins u»n servauts with death. The eliul'uas e.ilh'd beliire
M.ihoned, who asked hiui by what auliiocily ho euiii.
inillttd lliis oiilrajfe. lie replied that the ininwashis
own servant. '"'I'lue," retorled the ruslia,"bul ho was
my subject^" and wilii llial he passed seutenee, and had
the unlortunate L'uelic'et'iuini>>dialoly buiieaded — an el-
tpetiml wariiiu); to lliu ro..<t ol' the fjiandies preswiit.
The above aet ul' severity bus saved the lile ol' many ol
the Arabs, who, in Ibriiiur limes, would have been eacri-
tiood by llieir Turkish iiiusturs on the iiiual tiillini; prc-
lonce*.
I'assin; near tho aneient mosqiic called Sultaun II.i-
kiiii's, and the lolly i;aleway denominated ii.ibuol Kill-
tell, we prneeuded by theilaLssil .Nussar, the huiidsoinesl
(lale of the eity, utd huilt in the ^'rund SaiHienic style.
ll IS iui possible to site L'uiro williuut buiii^ struck with
the HUH and durability ol the ancient edil'uxs, compared
with the fragility of tlio.sn of modern dale, However,
llieie are relulivu (eriiis, lur tlio times of S.iladin, wliieli
ill Kni^laiid I should eaJI aiiuient, J must in l''Kypt term
iiiodern, and shall express my meaning; inoie iliarly il
I say the fragility of the buildinjjs creeled witlun the
lust one hundred and tifly yeais: all these arc K<>>i>K to
decay, winle Ihuso of tmcii or ei;;hl liniidred yearn ujro
aro standing;, and if le'l to time, without being dilapi-
dated by man, will, to all ap|>earam'e, last for some cen-
turies lo roiiie. On our way we passed by a small red
and white stri|H<d house, in which Itiiekliaidt died.
His iiaiiio is never mcntiuiicd tvitliuut paiic;,'yriu, and
e.ipi'ossions ot deep rcfrre!.
The ultiniatc oliject of our excursion was the tombs
of the Mainaluke t>u!tauiis. Those are silualed, as il
would ap|icar, in Ihc vciy heart of the desert; and il
stiuck mo as Olio of tho most siii)ru!ar lealnres of (irand
Cairo, that, from the very centre of |>upuhitiuii, from a
•eciiu of luxuiiunl cultivation, wo in u iiiumeul, wilhout
tha Hli)>litcsl prcpur.itioii, passed on to a plain and hills
oftand. ^iot u tree, not ii habllution breaks the iini-
formily of tho surllico : nnthiii); is visible but u district
of graves, extendini; as far as the eye can reach; and,
where the stuiics are no l<in;;cr pereeptilile, little hillucka
of sand mark the placoa ol sepullure.
Amidst this ile^'olilioii arise the lonibs of tlin ,'Mani-
nlukes. The lar;.'esl is Ihal ol Siillan lloerkook and his
lollnvvrrs, It is in the liirni of ii aipiare, and its walls
are in excellent preservation. On one side, in nii
an bed and vaulted riKim inlaid with euloiirod marbles,
are placed his remains; at the extieinily of an oim'ii
t;al|erv i'* a similar nsmi, now used as n mosipie. 'I'lie
Hi|unrc is enils'lllsbcil with H minur and domi'. The
hilicr especially, nilh the piilpil or mue/./.ln, is rut in
till' most ele)(ant and delicate fretwurk of stone.
The rest of Ibu biiihllM); was occupied by pisir Arabs,
who liied hy tH'}:|rini,', and in Ibis dv.clliii|r are safe from
taxo's and extortion.
Tie* v\ relchiHlncHS ol ihe chiMren was beyond any
tiling I hade\i>r seen ; several were lolully IiIiimI, others
ainio-t 'o, and suiiie v ho bad lost one eye, and evidently,
from disease and dirt, wire liisiii;r tlm other, e«>'itcd my
ulniosl compassion. It was in aiu I vxplaincd to their
parent H the necessity of cleanliness; llicy replied, '' wa-
ter Mas cold, wali-r Would make them worse," and re-
turned to thu elainoiir llir bnek9ees,vvlii4'!i Ihey appoaroil
lo vuliiu alsivo the bleasin|[ of sight. .Many of those
little wreteliea wore strings of blue beidt as necklitcos
and bracelela, and others had biinoheH of Ihem Imni; nn
I heir e.irs, while their eyes swamind with Mins, rnnderin);
Ihom Ihe most pileons ohjccls I ever Ik- hi Id.
Ah I had already seoii an I'uyptlan i;arden, I lisiked
lor.varil to an exciiraion lo Shoobru, the c uinlry seat of
tho paallit, with lltllo or nn curiosity, rroeecdmif, how-
ever, by a fine mud, planted uu encli side willi avaeias
and sycamores, whose giowlh, owmj; to the rtcbiieas of
tlioaoil, k»pl pace with Ihe iinpntient ilis|Hiiilioii of the
poaha, who Imd, at one awvop, cut down tlm avenue of
jiiulbcrry lueu three voara before, wo arrived at Ibo
house, whieh ia situuled close to the Nile, uiid commands
a tine pro-iistcl of ihn river and city.
The exterior of the building exhibited nothing remark-
able. On ascending a terrace a lew feet square, we
passed through a rough wooden door, Bueh as i.i fit only
tor an oulhoiise, and loiiiid ourselves in the (tasha's room
of audience. It was malted, and round the walla was
fixed a row of euahioiis, on two coriiera of which were
placed salin pillows, marking the seat the pasha occu-
pied according to Ihe [losllion of the sun. Just over a
low ledge in tlie door, we stcp|H.'d into a small room with
1 hcdtling on the floor; this was his sleeping ehainU'r.
Surely never nionareh had so little luxury or atute.
riience wc came at once to the niagnificent suite of
apartmcnls npproprialcd lo the chief lady of the harem.
The centre of the priiicifHil room formed a sort of octa-
gon, willi three recesses, all inlaid with inarblc. From the
tour corners o|h ned four smaller rooms, fitted with splen-
did divans and cushions of velvet, anil chilli of gold; and
set fif marble baths completed this aerica of elegant
apartments.
The ceilings, executed by a lireck artist, were lofty
and vaiilled, oriiumeiited with gold and representations of
laiidsca|H's, or of palaces and colonnades, the whole puint-
d in light and pleasing culouis.
The siiltuiia's private sitting room was still more
sumptuous. The ceiling consisted of a circus of |>alaces,
the columns and arehea of which were delineuU'd with a
most successful regard lo |MTapeetive. 'I'hese upartmciiU
weic until I. itely occupied by the paahu's deceased wife,
mother of Ibrahim I'aslia, by a former husband. Their
splendour was singularly contrasted with Ihe plaiiinesaol
(hose inhubilcd by Ihe pasha himself. This led oiiu of
my friends to usk if I was not pi'iielniti'd with so con-
vincing a prisif of the gallantry of the Turk : and he
clialh iigid iiic lo cite the Knglish husband who would
have done so iniicli tor Ihe exclusive grutilication of his
wile. To which I couhl only reply thai, willi my erratic
pro|K'nsilics, 1 should not willingly resign the privilege of
iueomotion tor such proofs of atl'ection ; and that I ap-
prehended l\w Knglish wuineii would answer either the
pasha's or .Sincho i'anza's idea of a good wile, by coiili-
niially remaining, according to the laltcr'a proverb,
" like an honest woman ut home, as if her leg were
broken."
Mahomed All's lale consort had great intliienco over
him during her lit'e, aa he considered his innrringe with
her the foundalionof his gn<Ml tiirtune. She was esteemed
and iH'loved by the people, lor her iiiHueiieo was ever
employed on the side of jiisliee and mercy. Aliieli of
her time was iKCupied in receiving petitions ; but il waa
seldom she hud to refer them to llie pualia, as her (Miwer
was too well known by the ministers to reijuire this laat
apjH'al. If, hnwivcr, ill coiisccpienec of any demur on
their part, she had to apply to him, he aiiswered their rt
monstranie by saying — " It ia enough, liy my two
eyes I if she reipiircs it, the tiling must be done ; be it
through lire, water, or stone."
His highness, during the heals of auiiimcr, aits In low,
in a riMiin p.xrlii'ularly iidapti d for cooliiesa, and having a
marble fountain in the ceiilre. On one of Ihe walls is in
KcrilM'd, in large .Vruhic cliarai'ters, a verse from the Ko-
ran, sigiillying " .\n hour of justice ia worth seventy
tiavs of prayer."
'I'he gariii'iis of Khisdiru, willi their golden fruit and
aMiiiatlc llowcrs, linving already been descrils d by for-
mer travellers, I shall pass on lo thu magiiilicciit pa.
villon, wliii'h eonstiliites the chief embellislnriinl of the
place, uiiil whieh wna eomph'ted only a Ii W' weeks iH'fiTi-
my visit. This puvilion is alsint two himdred and hity
li'ct long by two Inindrid !.road. On its sides run foiii
galleries, or colonnades, comiHiaed of elegant pillars ul
the finest white marble (ul an oriU'r resembling (In
coiii|Hisilc,) surrounding a Nunkeii court of six leet diep,
paved lliroiiglioiil with tl.n same beautiful material. At
each corner of Ihe colonni') ' is a lerrai'o, over which
water passes iiilo the court Isluw in a iiiurmuring cas-
cade, having on its ledges ligiires of lisli, aeiilptured so
Irne lo nnliire that, with thu lloning stream, llicy apjH'ar
to move. The wlioh' supply of water rises again Uirough
:i fountain in the centre, and rc-ap|N'arH in a Ix'autiful
jet -d'enii, lol)y, s|>nrkliiig, and ahundanl. Oiil' sildnni
sees an exbiliilion of Oils eliaraitcr witlioiit apprehending
a failure tit' water; hnl here the works are fed by tin
.Vile, lUid Ihe >|Nielatur la aware that ita exuberance will
not cease.
Ill Hue weather, tho paaha nceaalonnlly rraoria In Ihi >
splendid foiintuin with the ladies of his harem, who row
about III llietlouded court for the nmusement of hia high,
ncas, while he is Frali'd in Ihe colonnade, (ileal is (he
euinniolion when the ladies ileacendinto Ihe garili n. ;\
signal ia given, and the gurdcncra vanish in an instam
We were all struck with Ihe ruddy cheeks and licultl,,
appearaiiee of iIickc men. They were principally l^mt,'
and the guy eolouraof their tiincit'ul costumi' — each win
a nosegay or bniieli of fruit in his hand — coinbincdniii
the luxuriant scenery around, gave them more the (,„,
blani M- id° actors in a ballet repreaciiling a tele in Arrj
dia, Uiau the real labourers of a Turkish despot.
CIIArPKU XI.
X'isli lo tliertiadet— I.atioiirnrilic vvoiiiiii mid rtiitiln n— Sii'ium
view trniii itie lerim't — 'I'll*- piihtia » paliiri — Phivi- ii,nrkit-(?
liieiery (il'ltie i)iikhii'« fai.nly— 'I'uit'fH ii l^astia—lftiinei l»d..ti-
The next day, while the gcnilcmen were gone Iom.,!
the governor of Cairo,* I followed to the citadel, arci n
panied by Oainan, the Scot8man,ao often nienlionril lit
travellera in Kgypt, who now praetises physic in ||„
eity, and liaa receivi:d the title of efl'endi from the paftij
After puasing many splendid mosques, we asctnditi
through a gate, which still rvtained ahot-niarksandnth"
itidicationa of former warfore, and entered at dner i.n ,
(Hived road, very Bleep, and incloacd iK'lween high wjjl,
"Here it was," whis[)crcd Osinan, "tliiit lliusr iirnm,
whose names I will not mention, were massacred ,in
their return from visiting the pasha." A painful I'oilin.
made iiic Imik round to sec if there was no rsca«;
thcro waa none ; and no resistance could have avallo<l, »,
the assailanla wcrcal)Ove, protected by the walls, whinrf
they fired in jierfcct aecurity on the Maniahikcs— wh,,,
witJi their attendanta ond horses pressing on each (iijiu,
formed a dense niaaa below. I Blmddered as I Islirldm
imagination the slaughter of these unfortunate poonli, I
utterly lielplees, unable to Hy, indeed scarcely abk lo
move.
Osnian made the only excuse which could lie jinn
for this treacherous a< t — that |Kdiey required t, liir ilm
the Mamalukes were conspiring against Ihe pasl.n, and i:
he had not killed them they would have destnivid hin.
Those Ih'sI aeqiiainled with the |iaslia, say he uui liim
self much disturbed during the day, and reproved, bvl;!
silence and a look, one of his Frank physicians who i|.
ludcd lo the subject with levity.
'i'he citadel, which was much shaken four yenni sjn I
hy the explosion of a inugazine, ia now iinderfdlin 1 1
thorough repair. We here saw iiiaiiy vestiges of lliisdr
sirui'live accident, tlie ell'ecis of which were aggravai,d
by ita having occurred when the plague was at iii j
height ; for jiersona, who hud shut tlieniaelvca up 1. ,
avoid contagion, were obliged to Hy from the ir hcu-n, I
mingle with lliv crowd, and assist in extinguisliini! ilir I
lire whieh followed the explusion. Among the mini I
alioiit to Im' pulled down, I grieved to observe seme intr I
resting relies of the reign ol S.iladin: one of llirsi, hii [
hall, which might lung liavc stood Ihc ravages iiflint. [
is 'o make nsiiii fur a square. The roof of Ibis iditiui! |
very beautiful. It is formed of a s ucccssiuii of lillli
domes made uf wood, into whieh arc introduced comcifl
ciri.li's, containing octagons of blue and gidd. 'I'hi' wi I
iicrs and arches of the buihling are carved in tbc l«iil
• uilhic manner, and in many places theeoloura aiid(|Jil [
ing eontinne |ierfcctly bright. I
Parties of wonieii and ehihlrcn were running ii|i iiii!|
down the piecipitniis rock on which the eitadi Ktaml
planks, withinit railing, removing the nibbisli.niid dim
ing mortar for the new b.iilding. My licu'-l m Iml viin
I saw these pisir creatures struck with a luick slit I
which Ihe overseer ftoiirislied in his hnnd ; iIiihibIi te|
for the bluus I should scuriely have kiiimii liny ncr
not all in play, as liny were singing in Ihe liaalest kd
thi'', however, I afterwards hained, was ec.i,i|mlt.n I
The dift'creni parlii s, in presenting Ihcmselvis I'nr wiri.l
almost lure the overseer lo piices, sereainiiig out lliinl
song, anil never ceasing to run round and ruMiid, likf'T
many ilcrvishes, in a circle, till their IiihIs wc re eiiiplifil
or filled. Moved hy their apparently hard I'ulc. I «itli[
incnfing my inahilily to relieve the whole of the «rrl(W|
crowd, when, after a longer in»|H'elion, I observed uil'l
aslonishmenl how little eillier Ihe childrin or wmul
seemed lo care for it thenisclves — the former, »illi iJl
" The goveriinr reixivetl the- parly very cniirlroivlv,!
and pntlid oiii' id'lhem on the hack iiicrcdiiloii»h,«l«|
he mid he liiiil Iscn thirty years ill India, and did null
rnc:in to iituni: md iinilerslonding how iiiiv lirssi
ei.iild Icnr hiuisell' from that country allir so loni i r«T
dinci. The Italian interpreter knell at hisliil ''■I
having Ihe iindicneeclianiber, the gi ntlcnien »n» »l<<'|
Ittiiity of the household ranged in a line, saying |'r">''''|
uccoriling to the nioliuns of a Monllali placed in I'rw'*
n fughiiMii
te Inlarily "f tlici
runmiig up and d
wr pleasure. Wl
under the guns, a
liflfd by the haras
prttid idotv wilh
kiu'iv uh» was mo
icin's. Kjch villa
liiits i;>r the piiblli
beaij' of the same
especti'd to feel nio
touriTs are suiiplici
id I'act are lietter fi
m tlie collection of
IHOMi.eijual, I bi'liev
iNivf iicetie,.so paint
It Joseph's well, t
nimc was Yusuf,
frriirieously, transit
S'pll.
.\lter cxaniining I
ihc deseriplioii of I!
nifnl.« i)f mine, wc a
|u!lia's p.ilacc, win
I'jiroamI the aurn
md decayed houses,
i:id ilcgnnt minaret
pirl't'ct verdure, and
iDiiiilry, with their
^wranilds, the huge i
tilt' tisit of the lerrac
tiirstuildi'd with wli
iho while and gri-ei
raausoleuins of tlie A
mounds of rubbish
I piTl in iU.lf almost
I hold. We then en
iplendid anti cajiacioi
hall measuring bctwe
I tr one hundred and
mndows, and paved
diiiary si/e of eiglilei
ol'ihe side-rooms was
and rotes, in purple
I briiu^lit from Constai
1 ronclude that |M'r
I l>roinf callous to the
I had nut ilecreascd wit
filadfl, 1 rode along tl
fonHit with some of
I filled me with apprel
I linivs lie avoided, al
fjchiide of my donke
I llie «iy. Nobtxly act
I (rer may Ik; the cncou
Inini'l, tS tremendous
I Irrcirrler's un.;, . or a
Ihonfvor, ill adililiun i
lilupiK'il hy a marriage
llbr hfre mendicants nr
Itou III attract atlenlio
|(irtliiiiking you llir it,
I M^tv yiiu are aware o
Iraai' ap|»'ar of Utile nn
jUmi l)v Ihiir llresidc,
I Imd III t'oiilagiiin, are s
Tlie slave market is
Ii* iH'iipIc eating ver
I 'haul, It was said, wer
j»iiln be iliscovcred, a
limKiilantv alsiiit it, thi
|l«kiiii[iif lliat indiircri
jUinnmiilcstd'Uie plutM
I «"!' isTi'ilvetl a frw g
I'Hliil to Is- i;.r sale, I
JMid aiiiasiiig Ihcinsclv
jrwIinK htarls need i
lilivrry. .Slaves are iisiin
luiJm iiiiisi other coiinl
I "jiirtTiu d, and are, in
IpKidilnmthan in their
loiif iif exircnie |H'niiry
I Hwivrr, Is' siip|s.sc,| It
I Wilt liiiliii slavery, or
Aminir llie curiosiiie
|l«*h«'»l'iMnly. Ill, n
I ' '''l"'«e sails, so (lift;
"•I'lfal, I tibserved lir
P'lliuafrtiinihallalitm
»i"'l llifin again in Iho
MRS. M'SHIPrGTON'S NAIinATIVR.
2fil
li in an instam
■Kh nnd hcnlil,,
ri|Milly (Jmk.;
line — iMiuh Kill,
-ctiinliiiicd wnii
inorr the jtni
11 Ittf in Atii.
despot.
rliililn n- S[.'. iiM
SlPivr liinrkt'l— t ,.
I— UniacI I'd.li,
crc (tone \n\[„\
e citnilcl, arci n
•n nicniioiicd U
■» physic in llie
i from till' |iii»h9
B, wo asctiideil
■ marks and Dibrr
ircd at irncc nn i
wren hij.'li vdW
mt tliosr itfTinTit,
re iimaxacrnl on
A painlul I'rtlin^
! waH no )':»fa|j<-;
(I bnve nvailctl, »
the Wiill.x, whinn
dnnioUikch — aim,
ing on enili oilur,
reil na I Ulirld m
nt*4)rtiinati' pcnfl,
d Kcarcel)' able ig
ch could l* sivM
•quired 't, liir ilm I
>t tlie pasl.n, and i:
ivc dcRtroyid hin..
I, nay he »us Mm
id repro>ed, bvli
iliyt^iciuhM hIiu li-
ken fonr yean «;»
now undert;<iin{; i
vestiijei'ol llu»d'
[h were ajr^ravalid I
Ingne was lit ili
tlieniitelvcn up 1.
from Ihi ir Inu'w,
'Xtini;iiishiii|!<lit I
jnoii|r the tmnil
ibserve foinc iiilf- "
one of Ihcsi, hii I
riivii(;<'K III' Unit, f
if of tliis idiliii
iieerssiiili of liUl' 1
itriidiucd ooiKLi"
li (jdlil. Till' w«'
r\i'd ill till' Ml
iloiim uiid (:lil
(• rnnninR up sail
e rilaiM ^tniiik'n
'iihlii^h, nnd r«f';
heu't mliid »hi
'itii n liiH'k I'll''
kind; tliiiiit'k i'"'
known till V lu"
I the loi.ili'i'l k"'
wuH eiu,i|iiil»>"
iiiM-lveh llif iv.'tkJ
•reainini; imt llmil
iiiil roiiiid, liU'l
IhmIh were I'lHlil"^!
iird l"iile, 1 «ii(li.[
leoflhe »rrl(i«l|
., I observrd niltJ
lildrdi or >v'"'i|'l
forinir, Willi m
hi
very rniirti'i'ii"''
iiri'd'nliiiiflv*''""!
India, and iliil**|
liiiw inn l"""!
IK r *o Inim • "*f
I Ins till. "«|
illeinen »«» "l^'^l
le, Kiiyint'i"".*'"'!
plnrcd ill I'roiil >'
,iij jijlarily of their early i\(je, were danein(T nl>oiit, and
riiiiiiiiiK "I' '""' down without their liiirthens, evidently
lor ploasiirc. While the women Kinnk iiway, liidini!:
undtT the 1,'imK, and liehiinl the ridil)i»h, and when dc-
liilfd liv lli>" harassed overseer, olUy lied from the ex.
pt.'Ud iilott will' " '""<^ luu(;h ; in the end, I scarcely
iiiew «lii' was most to l>o pitied, the overseer or Iheiii-
jflKS. KjcIi village MMids a certain numlier of inhahi-
uiiH lur the public works, and also an overseer, who
l,eini'urtlie same villafje, and n connlryman, might !«■
exinTlid to feel more enmpassion limn n Turk. '1 he la-
bourers are supplied with as much bread as they can eat,
in iicl are lietter fed than they woidd be at Imme ; anil
on the oulli'Ctiiin of the taxes, a small sum is remitted to
(lioiii.oqual, I bi'licve, to a |H-iiny a day each. Leavinglhe
ibiiM- scene, so painlul to an l^iijrlish eye, I joined the party
il Juji'pli's well, the work of Saludin's vi'iier, whose
njine was Yusuf, (the Arabic for Joseph,) easily, hut
rrnmrously, transt'urmcd into that of the patriarch Jo-
icpli.
AlVr exainining this famous well, too mu'-h known by
ihc di'soription of former travellers to require any eom-
nirnts ol'mine, we ascended to the terrace leading to the
lusha's palace, whence there is a ma|riiilicent view of
I'liro and the siirroundinir country ; white palaei^s, old
md dronved houses, numerous mosques, with their lolly
ind ilix'ant minarets, the Nile llowiuir through lields in
tuTtl'C't verdure, and bearing on its liosoni the boats of the
rtunlry, with their picturesque lateen sails," the distant
irramids, the huge musi|ue of SSultan Hassan almost ut
llif llmt of the terra«;e, the burying grounds outside the
ciustuddid with white tombs, the busy market places,
ta,' white and grtwn tents of the military, the elegant
nuuwli'iiins of the Mameluke caliphs, — even the large
inoiinds of rubbish from their contrast, formed a pros-
pfcl in its. If almost worth a journey from India to be-
hold. We tlien entered the palace, inlinitely more
iplendid and cajucious than that at Shoobra ; the grand
kill measuring lictween the divans ime hundred and lilly
by cue hundred and twenty leet, with large plate-glass
(indons, and paved with marble slabs, of the extraor-
dinary siie of eighteen feet in the square. 'I'lie furniture
oflhc Bide-rooins was cloth of gold embossed with tulips
ind ro«'s, in purple and green velvet, and had been
br.mglit tram Constantinople.
I roniliide that [MTsons, liy a long residence in Egypt,
hmiiK' callous to the learof the plague; but I confess it
hid not decreased with me, for as, on my return from the
rilidi'l, I rode along the crowded bazaar, the coming in
rontact with some of the wretched and diseased |M'ople
1 6llcd nil' vi'itli appreliensinii. Nor could this eullisioii
I lixiVH lie avoided, althougli I had a man walking on
I «ch side of my donkey, and a chioush in front to clear
I llie way. Nobody iicenia surprised in the streets, what-
Imf may Ik: the encounter, whether with a brick-loaded
lainri, ,a Ireincudous op[)iinent in a narrow liuie,) a wa.
I Ifr.cnrrier's uu.lv . or a couple of bullocks abreast. When,
Ihonrvor, in addition to the cudomary obstacles, I was
lilop|H'dliy a marriage prwessiiin, I despaired of escape,
libtlii're mendicants are in the habit ol silently tnuehing
I w to attract atli'ntinn, uiid, by way of asking charity,
lorlluiikiiig you for il, they take your hand and kiss it
I bfl'ori' yiiu are aware of their intention. 'I'hcse incidents
Iniiv apirar of little iiioiiieiit to those who quietly read of
luwiii liv till ir fireside, but liap|H'ning to the traveller in a
lliiid iili'iiiitagioii, are subjects of anxiety.
Till! slave market is a small m|uare, in which vs'ere a
I (ill |H'iiple eating very eniiifortahly together, some of
I tlioiii, It was said, were slaves, but no distress or misery
Imtii Ih' illseoverid, and the whole scene had so little of
liiiijalarity almul it, that our |>arly soon passed on, par-
IUkiiii;or that indilterence which seemed In jiervadfi all
lllif iniiiali's of the phieo in question. On a terrace above
Ixri' irro'ived n few girls anil children from Darl'oiir,
liUli'd til Ik- for sale, who were laughing very heartily,
■ uid Biiiiising theinselves at the curiosity they excited.
irHinif hearts need not grieve over such u stale of
jiWrv. Slaves are usually treatt'd with kindness iu.Xsia,
lindin iniHt other eouiilries, except where Kuro|M'ans are
Imn'rneil, and are, in iiiniiy instances, happier in that
Itwiiiliiin than in their original state, which is genenilly
loiif of rjlreme |H'uiiry ami wretchedness. Let me not,
Uniri'Vfr, !»■ siip|M>4i'il to say any thing in exlcnualion of
l"nt liiiliii slavery, iir its horriiiln mode of supply.
I .Vnimi; tlir curiiisilies of Cairn is tliccemelery of the
|p>sh«'s I'liiiily. It is a vaulted stone building, consisting
' Tlic»e sails, sodifTcrent from the large square one ol
"iiiital, I observed tirsl at Ceylon. They eiiiilinued
»iili ui iViiin that latitude up the J{ed Sen, niid we rccog.
I »i"H ihrin again in Iho Mtdilerranran.
of live doiiii s. under which, in splendid inarlile tninbs. or-
naiiii'iiti'd wilii painting and gold, repose the Isiilies ol'
the pasliaV two siiiih, 'riissoiin Pasha and Isiiiarl I'asha.
Here al.so is buried .Mahiiiiied All's first and favmirite '
will, motliir of the present Ibrahim I'asha, so will known'
in (ireeee. The pasha's sister is buried in a tmiib he had
intended I'or liiiiiself. t)n a pillar, erected at the liint of!
this toiiih, whii'h, as usual, looks towards Mecca, is thej
ilisliiiguishing mark of the grave of a lemule. A turban'
at the top of the pillar designates that of a man. i
The body of 'russoiin I'asha, who tlird siiilileiily in |
I'pjH'r Kgypt, was forwarded in a eangia to Slioobra.
The pasha was then at (ilii/.eli, and only hearing that his
son was ill, instantly sent to Cairo for an Italian pliysi-
11 in, and liiirried to .^lioobra in the greatest anxiety.
When arrived, he immediately called for his son, and
the attendants, unwilling to till the distressing news,
pointed to the eangia — rushing in, the pasha aseertaitud
the alllietiiig truth. Having followi d the corpse on foot
to the placeof interment, he shut himself up, and was I'or
some time ineonsolalile; on the third day, however, he
called his ministers around him, and siiid that his grief
had been such, that at tirst he could have killed himself,
hut that now he must no I'lirther yield to allliclion, nor
longer cease to rcenllict that he was the father of his peo-
ple. Aller this he procei'ded to business, and gave his
orders as usual. Independent of the pasha's alVietion
I'or this young man — and every one represrnls him as
iM'ing a fond and indulgent liither — he must have de-
plored his death in a political jKiint of view, as he had
now only one surviving son. I'lissoon was also much
regiettcd by the jH'ople. He was said to lie mild, kind,
and generous ; indeed, his lilHrality nninunted to sueh
profusion, as not always to please the old pasha; — liir in-
stance, once when some arms, splendidly inlaid, had ar-
rived from KiiroiM' for sale, Mahomed All enquired the
price of one of the guns, and being told it was 10,1111(1
piastres, refused to take it for that sum. " Hut," said he,
" I will deal I'airly ; I w ill ueigli the gun against pias-
tres, and will pay for the value of the materials and
workinaiiship in gold." It weighed IIOUO piastres.
The pasha then heard Tussmin order the rest of the
arms into his tent, without enquiring their cost, to lie dis-
tributed in presents to his .Meem Uashees, and other fol-
lowers. " .Vila I" exclaimed the |>aslia, " to whom do
these arms lielong ! who sends into Tiissoon's tents pre-
sents to the value of 111,11(1(1 piastres ! where is his head !
Take care,"' turning to .Mr. Walinas, the purveyor of these
articles, " that presents only to the uinount of one purse,
or one purse and a half at most, lie placed at the disp<isal
of that tbolish young man." — " Who am I," replied Tub.
soon, " that I should 1h' thns restricted ? .\ni I not a
pashii of three tails ? and shall I not give presents accord-
lug to my rank ?" This story has no particular isiint,
except as showing the arbitrary character of the pasliu,
and how it yielded to indulgence towards bis son, for il
ended in allowing him to appropriate the pres;'nls; nor
should I mention it, but as tending to refute the impro.
liable tale that he had hastened the death of his favourite
child; — however, when the pashn talks of taking off
heads, even in jest, I sus|)ei't the surrounding crowd
cannot feel themselves quite at their ease.
The guards made soine ileiniii Is'fore they allowed me
to pass into the eenietery of .Mi I'asha, the great prede-
cessor of .Mahomed Ali. I was more pleased with these
tombs than those of iMahoiiied .-Mi's family, as they were
lelicalely carved in frct-wiirk of inarhle, while the sim-
plicity of the others was sjsiiled by oriiaincnts of |iainting
and gold.
Nobody thought it worth while to ascend tho inouii-
taiii which overhangs the city, to visit Jebliel Jehusi,
•aid lu lie the site of the Kgyplijii llabylun.
r
ciiai'ti:r XII.
,\»eeni uniie iiri'ai pvrniiiM i>r<>lii/,i'li— S|ililiii . Rmlv lieli i\ iiiui
III' llie .\rntM— ryrainliN iif ,M«iiiHir, Siieeiirii, iillil lliisliiiiir'-
Vlsll III Hlilliiir (,'nvtillin— Hue iil Mi'|ii|iIiih— Htuiie (iliairles,
Arter crossing the river a gentle ride of three hours
brought IIS to the pyramids oftihizcli. The ascent of
the great pyramid, the only one that can Ih' enllid ac-
cessible,* had been so ditrercntly represented, that I eoiilil
form no just idea of its facility or dillieully. Savarv
talks of tne great pains and ninny etrorts neeessarv to
elVeet il, and nieiitions that, aller Iniving iliseriided, with,
out falling into the abyss ImIow, he looked up to the
* The iip|H'r pait of the other large pyramid (that of
Cophreiies) is covered with a coaling of stones or innrhle,
which seareely all'ords any fisilliig. It has, however,
iH-cn ascended by one or two Knglishnien, lieaides Aralia.
Thccntrnncc is now closed hy itonca which Imvc (hjlcn in.
pyramid with horror. Count de Noe again, says, that
he arrived at the siinimit, " avec la phis granile peine,
epuisi' lie fati;,'iie, el dans iin etat d'l tiiiirdissinii lit ililli-
eile » il'iriire." I»r. Clarke* relates lliat i.iii nf his
military eiimpaniiiiis was so oveniiine by the ardiii'Us-
ni'ss of iiiiiiiiiliiig the pyrniiiid, that he aliaiiiliiiii d the
atlenipl in despair, imlil liis friends, riliiriiiiig trolii the
top, urged liiiii to resnine his itliirls, which were ut last
suceessliil. On the other liaiiil. Major Slii rrr asserts
that the pvramid is asienilid withiait fiirtlur incon-
veiiii me tiiuii is caused by the great In iglit ol'tlie steps,
and that there is no sort of danger. Dr. liiihardson
goes still further : — " l.aily Iti I re," he nniarks, " as-
I'lndid it wilh the most |ii riii t ease, and iimie of the
parly experiinitd the smnllest (.'illieulty or vertigo. In-
deed, every step lecedi s so iiiuih from the one below it,
and alli.rils sueh execllent t'oi.liiig, that the mind has tho
most perl'eit eonvirtion of si ciirity, and I am disposed
to think lliat giililine.ss has hut raii ly ncenried to those
w ho have attempted to climb this lotly pile." 'I'l e render,
theret'ore, will, I lliink, not be displeasid, arter llie.«e con-
trndictiiry tisliinoiiics, with a failliliil de.si ription of my
expi'ricnec in achieving Ihe same enterprise.
On my arrival, I saw some persons nearly at the top,
and some just coinmeneiiig the asiint. 'liny were all
at the very edge, and, certainly, their apparently perilous
situation justified me in the eonviclion that 1 should
never be able to miiinit. However, delermiiiing to inaku
the attempt, I commeneed outside from where the en-
trance has b<'en formed, nnd walked along the whole
length of one side of the s<|uare, .ilxjut f'oity feet I'roin tho
ground, to the op|K)site corner ; the ledge being narrow,
and in one place quite broken off, requiring a long step
to gain the next stone. As the pyramid itself Ibrined a
wall to the right hand, and eonsequeiitly an apparent de-
fence, I iMt no want of courage till I reached the corner
where the ascent is in many places absolutely on the
angh', leaving no protection on either side. Almul this
time 1 began to be heartily frightened ; and when 1 heard
one gentleman from above call to inc to desist, and
another till me not to think of proeecdhig, right glad
was I to return, and to attribute my want of siieciss to
their advice rather than to my own dcticieniy of spirit.
Kaeli of the gentUincn as they descended told me the
diirienlty and fatigue were great, and they evidently were
heated and tired ; but, ut length, in answer to my ques-
tion a hundred times repented of, do you tliink I cuulJ
go ! they pro|H>sed to me to try ut least, and kindly
offered to accompany me. Away I went, and by the
assistance of a footstool in some places, and the aid of
the guides, and the gi nthincn to encourage nie, I suc-
cicded in arriving hulf-way, all the time exclaiming I
should never get down again; and, indeed, my head wa»
so giddy that it was some niiniites nf\er I was seated, at
Uie resting stone half-way, Is'f'ore I could recover myself.
Ik'ing a little refreshed, I resumed the ascent, but the
guides were so claniorona that I turned buck, tinding
their noise, and pushing, and crowding, as dangerous
as the height. The genlhiiieii at length brought
them to some degree of order, (wrlly by remonstrance,
and partly by carrying the majority to the top, and
leaving only two with me. This i|uiet in some de-
gree restored my head, and the footing, as I udvaneed,
lM'eoinin)r more easy, 1 reached the summit uinidst tho
lmz'£as of tho v\'hoh' party. It was a considerable tinip,
howevc r, iMf'orc I gained eonlidence lo li«ik around, not-
withstanding I wus on a surface thirty feet square.
The pros|H'et, though f'roin so great an eh vatioii, dis-
ap|Miinted me. I saw, indeed, an iniinense extent of
eullivaled country, divided into fields of yellow llux, and
griM'ii wheal, like so many squares in a ehess-lHiard, with
the Nile and its various canals which cause thilr luxu-
riance, nnd a vast tract of desert on the other side ; I
must, however, ucknowledge that this scenery I enjoyed
on recollect ion, for 1 was tisi niixiniis how I was to get
down, to think much of the pietiiresque. A railing even
of straws might give some slight idea of seinrity, but
here there was absolutely nothing, and I had to cross
and re.eross the angle, as the broken bilges rendered il
ncci'ssary ; for it is a mistake lo snp|MiBe there are steps :
the passage is |N'rfornied over bhsks of stoim and granite,
some broken oil' others crumbling awny, and others,
which, having diiip|N'ilout altogether, have lei) angles in
• It is now too late lo enquire why Dr. Clnlke omitted,
in siiliseqiicnt editions, Ihe siihllme passage relative to
the impressions eviili'd by these iiionuineiits, which oc-
curs in the quarto Viiliime of his Travels in Kgypt : —
" Iilias of ihiralion, almost endhss ; of
|Niwcr incnneeivnhle ; of inajesty siiprcnit ; of sollludo
moat awAil, of grandeur, of acaofation, and of repose."
. ■ ;v;.s . .•■.|
■^i^t:.
■»;v
.;:^
^ -HI
IK
I '. , ;'
'■ P
202
Mi:s. Li;KIIIN(iTUN*8 NAKIIATIVE.
Ihc masonry; Imt all llirw urc vitj' irri'ifuliir. Occa-
HiiHiiilly tlii^ widlli ijikI licit;!'! ol'tliu ytdiuM arc i'<|ii;il, Imt
ffonirally tlu' lici^rlit iircatly txrirdstlic widlli ; in many
parts till- blocks arc lour I'cct liiyli. Oiiic tlic .-Imic was
HO liich, that as I sli|ii)cil olV I ti urcil that my liil woiilii
hIiooI In-yfind the Ii(I(Jp on which they wore next to rot,
nnd which certainly was lint a lew Indies wide. Another
time 1 was in jfrcat |H'ril : I had stretched one loot down
with much exerlimi ns far ns it could reach, and as the
other followed, the heel of the shoe eaii(rht in a crevice
of the rock, and I had nearly hist my balance in the
clfort to extricate inysell'. In u lew places the widlli of
the ledges enabled iiie to use tlic liMilstool, which eoii-
Biderably diminished the fatifrue, hut the (rrcater number
were far too narrow for its three feet to rest U|kiii, and I
thoiiirht it too insecure to allow an Arab to snpi>ort it
with his hands, while I slcp|H'd u|Hm it.
After all this it may be snp|Kised 1 was plad when I
had acconiplislu'd the undertaking ; for, to tell the truth,
the ((rcalcst pleasure I felt in asccndinir the pyramid,
was to be cimJiled to say at some future time that 1 had
been ut its summit. I cannot, however, understand on
what (jroniids it can lie asscrteil that the ascent or descent
is not attended with danger. I may not he considered a
coin|H'tciit witness, hut it was the unanimous opinion of
tlie gentlemen who inoiuited with me, that in many
places if a person made a falsi' step he would he ilashed
to pieces. Two of our party paced one side of the pyra-
mid simultaneously, and liotli made the hngtli two hun-
ilred and sixty yards. The area of liineoln's-Inn-Kiclds
has liceii adduced as a means <if judgiii;x of the hulk ol
this pyrami<l ; and I heard at .Mexanilria of a ealenlation
mad(^ by a Krenehman, that it contaiiis stone enough to
Imild a wall round tin- wholi! of France, ten feet high,
and oni' fisit broad. 1 conclude lie meant tlie France of
the HourlMins, not tlii'.t of llonaiiarle."
The pyramid of L'ephrenes is about ten minutes' walk
from tlie great one, (called that of Cheops.) The cele.
brated .Sphinx, which is at tin' fool of the former, has
only its face and part of the hack mieoveied; the inscrip-
tion, and the temple liciween the fore paws, have been
pur|Kiselv closed up with sand, to preserve them. The
third of the pyramids of (Jliizeh, called tliatof .Mycerinus,
i» much smaller than the other two, and, after them,
is no object of curiosity. I'p"" Hie whole, I was dis.
upp<iinted with these wonders of the world ; probably,
liecausc my anticipations had Imcm too mucli raised. We
read and hear of tliciii from our earliest youth, ami are
told constantly of their magnitude, till our imagination
exalts them so much, that no reality is likely to come up
to our cx|K'ctations.
Li^aving the rest of our party to proceed to the pyra-
niids of Oashonr and .Saecara, I prepared to return home,
nccoinpaiiied by .Mr. .Maltas (the vice.consnl,) iny maid,
and the chioush. We were followid by troops of Arabs,
who had been our guides at the pyramids, and who now
endeavoured to outstrip each other, that they might be
rinployed to carry us across an intervening stream, too
deep for the donkeys to wade. 'i"hc largeness of the
parly iiad kept them under restraint in the morning,
when I crossed without danger, hut lit this time they
iictually fought for the liucksees. Two seized iiie on their
Hlionhlers, a third took my feet, a tiinrth my parasol,
another my hag, and in th< ir anxiety for the rewards
which were distributed by .Air. Maltas, who crossed first,
they almost drop|K'd me into the water — as it was, their
impaticnie was so great, that they put me down in the
mud, and rushed ii|Mm poor .Mr. .Maltas, who was alniosl
pulled to pieces in the conftict which ensued. 1 was
mentioning the above i ircumstanee, when I was told of
their stopping a gentleman when halfway up the pyramid,
and throwing his hat over, saying at the snnic time, if he
did not give tliem huckse(s, he should follow!
As the evening was shutting in fast after we had re-
rroNsod the Nili', we cx|H'Ctcd to find some dillii'iilty in
'^''■i
• " The pyramiils of Djizeli, the largi'st and most re-
markable of this stupendous class oT monuments, stand
n|Mm a Is'd of rock, l.'iO feet almvc the Desert, which eon-
tributes to their being s"en at so great a distance. The
largest of the three, wliieh, on the authority of Herodo.
Ins, is asi'rils'd to Cheops, is a sipinre of 7 Hi feet, and its
|icrpcnilieiilar height is 'Hit feel, biing ~'l Ic't higher
than St. I'lter'n at Home, and 117 li'cl liighi r tliiiii
SI. I'aul's nl London." Tlu' ipiantity of stone used in
this pyramid is estimated at six millions of tniis, " which
is just three tiiiicK that of the vast briiikwati r thrown
across I'lyiiiouth Sound;" and a hundred lliousniid men
are said to have Im'ch employed for twenty years in
raising this empty sepulclircl"— M«/(iri Tiiivillrr—Efjui,
p::rl y, paye "JJT- ■3;H).— Sue also Kiiml's rigyjil.
entering the city gales, wliieli uro iilwayH closed two
hours aller sunset, and nolHsly is then (lermitted to pas.s
without a liinleni.'
We, however, reached the Frank quarter just In time,
and csca|iid the liite of a niililary friend, who, on relnrn-
iiig troiii u similar expedition, without this lU'cessarv
eiinlpment, was lodged in the guard-house, w here he re-
mained all night with the soldier.s, who treated him
civilly, giving him coll'ee and Jiili's, and at daylight
alloweil him to depart.
I learnt I'roni the gentlemen, on their return, that the
pyrainiils of AUjusir anil Saecara were scarcely worth
seeing after those at <;iii/.eh, particularly the pyramids
at Alxiiisir, which are very small ; though tlial at Sae-
cara, which is built in slagi s, has a singular ap|icaraiiee.
'I'he interior is said to consist of two chambers, gradually
inclining to a great height. Near were some sarcophagi,
lately excavated by Sigiior Caviglia, in beantit'ul preser-
vation. Several in linu.-'tone resemble the wooden
niiimmy eolllns iii form, and in the figure of the head on
the lid. One of granilcnias the roof.sha|K(l opereiiluni,
the sides within and without covered with hieroglyphics,
figures of .Vmihis, iVc., mystical boils and proces.sions,
as in the tomb of tiic kings, and on the botloui is a large
figure of Isis all cut in intaglio.
The double-aiiglcd pyramid of Dashour was described
to ine as an iidniirahle structure, (los.sessing niori! beauty
than that of I'lieops, though yicUling to it in magnitude
by almul eighty or ninety teet in the sipiare. This supe-
riority is caused by a coaling of stone, which gives its
surface the appearance of unbroken masonry. In visiting
tiles:? iiiomiiiients |M'ople go expressly to wonder at their
size: this object accomplished, they rarely IimiU to any
thing biyoiid. Hence the Dashour pyramid seldom
iiieels w illi that attention which its elegant construction
seems to desirvc. Its up|icr angles are still |«'rfccl, but
the lower cornirs and sides of the nortluvcstern angle
have been dcjdorably injured, as bclbre mcnlioiied, to
furnish stone iiir the dufturdar's pilace. It is lani'iita-
bic that lie should have selected this pyramid, which is
the most perlict, for his purpose, while there are several
in the vicinily already in a slate of dilapidation. The
interior is said lo be iiiaeecssiblc.
'I'he brick pyramid is nearer the river, and its form
has been much altered by the falling in of^ its materials,
'i'he bricks are of a large size, formed of earth and straw,
bils of which latter arc every where perceptible. It is
saiil formerly lo have borne an inscrijitioii ujioii it, the
purjKirl of which is au follows: —
" Despise mc not in comparison with pyramids of
stone : for I excel tliriii as far as Jupiter surpasses tJie
oilier gods. iMcii llirii.st poles into the swamp, and col-
le< ting the mud thai adhered lo them, formed livieks, and
in this manner was I construeled."
Ti.e very mention of straw and bricks carries ns hack to
tlie times of I'lmraoh, in whose reign the unhappy children
of Israel heard that nought of their tasks should lie di-
minished, and who were at one [icriod sup|>oscd to have
lieeii the builderN of these mighty fitbries ; and I should
have liked to yield to the error, which I have sonictiines
heard nienlioned, that one of these monuments was
erected to the memory of llinl Joseph, who had, by his
predielioiiH saved the land from the extreme cU'cets of
t'amine.
It is imimssible hut that Ihc pyramids must have been
Ihc work of some desiHilie monarch, who could eommnnd
the unliiiiited services of his subject-s, in the same man-
ner as the presenl I'ashit enliireed the labour of bis .Arab
vassals lo constriiet the canal of Mahoudiah ;+ an under-
taking so wonderl'ul in reference lo the celerity with
which it was completed. If any excuse can be nUcged
lor such opprission, it should lie made, not for the
pyramids by which niankiud have no wise hciicfitxl,
lint in favour of n work of immense utility, which ile-
serves an infinitely higher place in our eslimation, than
llioso huge but usclcsH inonunienU of caprico nnd ohIch-
tation.
• These lanterns, which are far diU'erent from the
same articles used ill I'<ngland, are made of white or
coloured pa|N'r, in the shais' of the idd fiishioncd ilastic
IHiwdcr-putl's : when lighted and ornamcnlcd with stream-
ers, they give to a crowded street a very gay ami Arabian
nighls-like apjiearance.
t Tills work is aliout forty-eight niilen in length, ninety
teet ill breadlli, and IVom fit\een to eighteen in depth. Al
me time abuvi' S.'id.OIH) men were employed in the oxea-'
vation, which wiiii coniplelod in about i>ix week" 1
Qiiarlrrli/ Krmtv.
From the pyramids, the gcntUmeii vlmIcU SioniT
Caiiglia, a iiiiiii iiio:-l disiiilcristedly di voted lu ||„. .,||j
suit.-" of sciiiKc He was living in a nii-eriilile Imi j,
ci.iicllcd to ill huiMli, and ehiiofl i vi ry primlii ii, ln'ml
satisfarlioii of having, tlirongh his lli^Cl.veril^, fm-'d ||
long douhtfiil site of llie city of Meiiipliis. CIiim' 1(, l,i,
hill was lying the colo.-sal st.'itue, wliieh lie e.vcaiiUH
three or (bur years ago. This statue has tli, .aimj,'
.Vmeen mi Uaiiises (or Sesostris) ciigraml oii i; ii, „,
places. It was lying partly on its face, but the /iuiu,,,
and smiling expression of counteiiaiiee, like tin (l(>im|,
in the lonibs of the kings at Thebes, were eiiyjjv dm.
cernible ; the head-dress is high, and the sides of it re.
^ eiiible that of the Sphinx at the pyraeiid of l'(|ilirc',irs
A dagger is hluek in the girdle, which latter is ci,\tnii
with hieroglyphics and ornaments ; below liaiigs a tiii
in the Itoman style; the hands fall on eitlier sid, ; tU
back and lid of the statue arc iiiulilaled, but the liatun,
and front of the body look as if just disinissi <l fium il,,;
.:rlisl's hands. The statue, which is about tliirlv-liic
liel in length, being too unwieldy to be reiiiovoj I'mj,,,
il was proposed lo send il to England in three |,itiif]
'i'he necessity of a division is gieatly to be l:.iiici]|ii|,|,|,|
I conclude it was unavoidaWc* If this 1k' tlu ►laim
of SesiK-^^tris, of which there seems no doubl, the sittof
Memphis is ascertained, for we learn from niwiint Ins.
lory, that Seso-slris placed a colossal statue of liinif. If
within the I'oundations of that eity.t 'i here were nitiy
iiidicalions of slalucs and other relics of antiipiity la ilj.
vicinity ; but Sigiior Caviglia said that, Ihoiigli it \n,ij;j
he highly interesting to extend his risearclies hi '.Im
ipiarter, he was without funds lor the purpose.
'I'lie spot where the staltic in (pieslioii was fuuiid iiuf
be known by u large tank of water, and a line grove u;'
date-trees.
On their return, the gentlemen crossed the Nile, toes. I
amine the inimeiise ipiarries, wlienec^ the stones o( iko |
pyiMiiiids are siip|Mised to have been taken. One of tlux-
excavalion.-i, wliieli are exceedingly capacious, il wan cal.
euliiled might alone contain .50,(100 men.
CIIAPTER XIII.
"-'ariliiiinn roni'nrR ball — The Paslia"* military Frlimil— Miioeri-
I'liic |ir<'sf — tluUiiii!ai'ri palari — Trajir eiiil ol' IhIiiikil-I VaAu-
riK-oMMiiiii on Ihi- l*a...li;rri rniidiirt Willi reupvrt to ilran^ia-
'J'\ lainiy Uiwiinis hi* i>wii sitlijici.s.
The Sardinian consul having kindly asked inr lo i
li:ill, I gladly availed myself of the invitation, tlml 1
iiilghl judge of the tlale of foreign niamicrs in llie Kpjp.
lian cajiilai. My wishes, however, were in some ilrpm
disapiKiintcd, us the party was thinly ullciiucd, ''ur rcatdiii
which generally prevail in Hinall soeicties, I vas ulriiik I
with the extraordinary agility of the genlleiiioii ; Uioy [
danced with a zeal, spirit, and indefutigability worlliy <it' I
a belter cause, 'i'he ladies, on the contrary, wore vcrv [
ipiiet, and danced hinguiilly. Every dance wliuli nii
culled, with the exception of one quadrill", was une i
lie<lnitne Atipluite; and, Hlrangc lo say, by no effurl of I
example or cxplanalinn, for I jii.st got up to show thiiii,
could even the cominon figure of the lady tiirniiiK tlit
gentleman, and the genllcinan turning the lady, ten I
the middle, and up again, be aecomplislied. One i'iiii|l' I
would come up lo the top after every figure, annllifrmiit I
down the middle when they ought to have liiriiril, inJ I
about the sixth couple there was ciicli a complcle jiiiiilili'l
that the consccpient clamour U'canie the t^iuii.il for tlirl
hand striking up tliii waltz. I'^ery face liriglileiird.i'ur;!
couple found llieir place, and they whiiled about tillllKTl
were tired, when again came llic elforl of nieniory iiilWl
nmlinlanit Aiiglniii: One geiitleniiin, w hose agility lisJ I
Imcii most remarkable, came lo lug the honour of dniit f
ing with inc. I deelined, and eiidid by naying, I nivrr
danced. "Jamais! vous iie dani^ez jamais ! el eiuiiiiiiill
voiis amiisez-vous done ?" Never ! you never danir I imii I
how then do you amuse yourself? I was so oiiiusi'd il I
(he oddity of such a ipiestion, at llie wonder exprr!:sril in I
the man's coiiiileiinnei', and at the imporlaiiee ullarlnill
to dancing, so little fell by I'liglish women, that I riiiiU|
hcareely restrain my laiigliler.
The Aiislrlnn consul's dniighler, a child of fix ynnj
of age, eiitcri d the room liy herself, went up lo hrrtrl
ipiainl nice, kissed the ladies first on one cheek, IhriiMiI
the oilier, and hehavid with all the self possession of oiu I
long used lo Ihc gay world. Her own hair hung in riii('[
his on her shoulders; her lillb' head was dresped wilhil
* Il is stated in a letter IVom Mr. ('hani|iolliuii, lliill
there is at Turin a ronnlcrpart of Ihiii utaltic.
t The presenl level of the soil nppenm lo Iw trnM|
twelve fc ff lii|»her than when Ihe Blnlue fell.
j<,j|il<ioli of Clli-ls
Lnfof pink "alii
uiiiM a l.irge Mil
liicr, fave I'ler tin
piilli-iili'll we see
r,,'iiii'' in France,
l;;|hio ill the iiion
l;,r klioilll liiel of t
ciui ill ('liro, 1 hii
ijl, double care ii
s,:('lihte liniirs and
i.i'Jili. "Cela se I
i,-iS|Ktili'»! e'cst I
l,i,-x u'ill llie Jioor
,..i|i-oiiiilry ' I eiii|
ml rliTC willi the si
mii'i'iiuii^li, it turn
i,i,:il li'S aiiiiisi'r .'"
l,Vfi.~k of being ci
icjiiiiiitaiiee, that ii
fi III rally li;ive lireai
■t.l al I i;,'lit o'clock,
'I'liiTu was no viir
i,i,;ltt(i, who were in
n ii.'l |irc lly, nor ug
I w,\f iiniiiseil by a
111' iidvi'iitiire of hi,'
uri.io, and nut fiiiili
hii liiiiinelf as well t
timiiL'r proved loo j
liiiiikini; il ph'asaiiti'
ii'iid the latter on t
li.inlll exposed to Ih
lliH' of the llalia
J I lis Has al the lull
|r iiily t.'ie persiiii In i
»,-[oiis bii.'.iiies.H on
willy, that the next
liitti. 'I'lii- report w
|l<' n knuHi' thai Cuii
-lull, as Ihe pas,
lil>l,!inl such I''raiik
I ujti ill Ills doininioii!
Till' day of our dej
thi's Military ("ollegr
|fl';i fill a li'iiiale, and
|H.,!)li.<lii'il usage of
|(!,.ii!)t of its |irojiriely,
jl iia.s not reluctant to
soi'oiinianieil by the gi
i(liiiui.-li, I rode into
|lliis|il:ici.' llu're were \
r.liriiig Ihe rpiadrang
jlijiii.'riii lieloiigiiig to
liCnordinary s|K'ctacli
lawiaii, eelebrated by 1
Itiin or U'csliiiiiister, e
lisloiiislinicnl as the si;
llie Kairlisli eostume
liiriflis Turks, and M
iL'w-iiilileil,
*Uiiii the pheiioiiicn
ll> rially a Flank woiii
|«i rii.M'il, iliut iiiy ,..1,
V-«il cniitiiiiiiiig to till
|;u' Mtiialiiin rather disii
liiaiiilt roused one
IwliM H'liip caused tlie
Tl!».'iri'arin,<ily at a grc
fiio|i[iorliinily of esea|i
pf iiiillienialie.s, an old
i»' "■' so insight il
|ln,iidllie boys knew n
lk:l lliiiiU'li they were U
pilidisi]iialilicalions, li<
i"! Ilii'iii iiialhemnlles ;
imfll'i'i'l was pcremjiloi
hniiiiriiceil with seven ;
»nii' [iroLTcss, and who
luml.i lii'coiiie iiistnieto
mod, and only day.sc
►» <aiid rliildren, than
llii'PiTsiaiiproli'ssori
■ luJ travelled in Tersi
iniiajKo III uiiilcrsland
*n if (lie parly In lliat I
"•■'iili's llu'se profes.^or
*Wly Italians, who, in
Ml Aiahie, 'i'iirhi,Hli, i
Williiurli,-.
"f (lie inipiN, throo liii
.iins. i,rsiii.\<;'nn<i's nakiiativi'
2ft3
lurpoM'.
Ill wuK tiiuiid mar
nil 11 I'liii; grovt u;'
ary ^rlimil— l.i:l.iifri-
iil III' IsliliMi'l I'.i>Im-
reapt'cl lo nirangtn-
lu.liiii of curls (I'ulsf 1 iH'liirri',) ill addition to live
.i\r<"l' I'i"'' "•'''" rililion, uiiil srvcnil iirtilicinl (lowers;
uiiiM '■' '•"'!•"' ■'"' '" '"" ''""'i '•'"' '""I" nli'^'ilc ill llii-
nr siivi-' iii-'i' "■*' appuariiiici: ol' tiic little hulics and
,, iilliiiii'ii »■'' "'''' '" ''"' P'iiil'' "l" tlio days ul'tlir niiiicii
, .Jill,' ill I'raiiri', 1 lio poor c.liild danced uiiil waltzed
,,;[ liio ill till-' iiioriiiiijr. ' h> one ol'tlii; ladies telliiijj ine
l,,i' known liiet ol'tlie dilliculty of rearing; lOiiropeaii cliil-
am in ('airo, 1 liiiitcd that, as the ciiiiiule was so iiiiiiii-
q1 iIduIiIi' caic niiiflit he necessary, iind piTliaps that
, ,,.|i latu hours and hot rooms inijrht not a(;iec w itii llicir
iodlli. "(eld se pent; niais eoiiiiiieiit Ics lunnser, pan-
vfismlihsl c'esl nil pays si trisle." It may Ix; so, hut
|,;r,i- will the poor little tliiiijjs aiiiusc themselves in this
,,.,1 loiinlry ' l eii(|uired whether this dissipiitioii di<l not
ml rlirt! with the selioolini; next day ' " Yi's, that was
Iriio iiioii;;h, it turned their heads a litth." — " .Mais eom-
imilli's aiiitiser /" was airaiii her question; and then at
i;„ ii>k ot' heilig considered very rifjid, 1 told my new
. iiiuiatani-e, that in Kii^'laiid, children of that a}>e would
rai rally have liread and milk fur supper, and he sent to
■«il al 1 ight o'elock.
'I'licrc was no variety in t!ie dress of the ladles exeept-
I ij/iwi), who were in the [.evantiiie eostiiiiie. This dress
nii..t prclly, nor iifjreeahle to Kn^jlish taste or decorum.
I I was amused hy ii ^My little I'iedmontese, who lelaled
IH aihviiture of his being on slion: at the hatllii of Na-
I \jri:i'i, and not finilin{; an udeijuate place fur shelter, he
liiil liliiijelf as wi 11 lui he was uhle heliind a rock, which,
I tiitivrviT proved too small to screen his whole person ; so
liiiakini; ii pleasiinter to lose his heels than his licvid, hi'
vJ (lie latter on the !;rroimd, and permitted his legs to
luaiiiii exposed to the lire of the licet.
llni' of the Italian iiislruetiirs of the paslia's new
lis was at the lull daneing all the evening;, and appa-
ll, iiilv (!ie person in the assemhly least likely to have any
lt..'iiras liusines.4 on his mind; but it was mentioned
InH'iilv, lliat till' mxt iiioniing he was engaged to light a
Tlii- report would have e.xciteil anxiety, had it not
!l. II kiiowi' lluit Cairo duels are .seldom uttended with
>ii!~lii(l, as the pasha hasdeelared that he does not uii-
:«l.!iid sueli I'rank custom.'', and that he who kills a
luaii in liis iloininioiis shall be hanged.
Till' day of our depailure from Cairo, I visited the pa-
Ifb's Military College. This waa siieh an uniireiedenied
lfl'|i fill a li'iiiale, and wa.s so much at variance w itli the
loliblislii'd usage of the nomitry, that I expressed some
li!..ii!)t of its propriety, as well as |iriictieability. However,
II o.'. nut reluctant lo have my seniphs overrided ; and
lwoiii{ianied by the geiith'inen of thi' |iarly, Osinaii, and
la( liiiiiisli, I rode into the tirsi court of the building. In
Illii) |ila'c there were t^nly ii few boys collected ; but on
linliriii); the ipi.adrangle, I believe the whole fourteen
|lijiii!r il belonging to the college (Hiurcd out to see the
liCraordiiiiiry H|K'etacli'. 'I'lie prcseiieeof the veiled Cir-
|ru.«iaii, eelebrati d by Ilajji ilaba, on the play-grmind of
iDiin or Westiniuster, could not have excited liulf so much
liMunisiiiiiont as the sight of n lady on a side-saddle in
llV Kiiirlisli cflstuine created among the nmllituile of
liirirli", Turks, and Maiualukus, grcut and Hniull, here
L«iiil>l('d.
rt lull the plicnoiucnon bi^forc tlinin wa.i iiscertained to
|l> nally n Frank woniun, a shout so long and so loud
Ins r li.i'd, that my ears and eyes aliiiost liiiled, and the
I'lAil coiitiniiiiig to thicken and press around me, I fell
luy situation ratlier disagreeable. Fortunately the din of
|i:n tumult roused one of the iiiastcrs, a lew lashes of
*l,j;f wlii|i iNiused the poor Iniys lo retreat, ami satisly
linr c.irinsily at a greater distance. This allbrdcd me
■ndiiimrtunily of escaping up stairs, when the professor
piiiatlu'iiiaties, an old Italian, received us civilly, and
[Kc IM Kiiiiie insight into the details of the institution.
Ilrsaiil III!' boys knew neither French, Italian, nor I>atiii ;
Ikil tlioMv'li they were leal iiing these languages, yet with
Biiiliilisi|iialili<'atioiis, he tiiund great ditUeulty in teaeli-
Inif lliiai iiiatheinatics ; the pasha's oriler, however, to
Tliiifllrrl was |H'remptory, and mu.st be obeyed. He had
Niainiicd with seven grown-up pupils, who had made
Jmif liroL'ri'ss, a nd who, when ipialilied, were in their
(iirnt.i liciiiiiie inslniclors ; hut "these," said he, " were
iriicil, and only day-scholars, and thought more uftheir
< iiiil rliildren, than of their studies."
Till IVrniiii professor was also an Italian; and altlinngh
r luJ travelled in I'crsia, did not know enough of the
|uicu]|;i' to understand what was uddrvsaud to liilii by
vul'tlif parly in that tongue.
Iliiilis lliese professors, there were other inslruetors,
My Uuliaiis, who, in addition to their own language,
luclit An-ibie, 'l'urki.4li, niid Frencli, besidcH botany and
llilliiili'tir.
Itl'llio [lupiN, tlirro liiiMdred were militory cunicriptf,
one hundred and fitly Greek slaves, and till' rest Turkish
hoys iVoiii ItnumiTia, a lew Nubians, and in:iny Egyp-
tians, who were i-ither .^lamahikes, or slaies of the pa>lia.
These wire divided into c lasses of sixty or a hniidred
each, (Very class under an iii.-triietor and snliurdinate
iiK.nitnrs. He.-idis the matliemalieal students, Iwinty
were liarniiig I'ersiaii, a great many French and Italian,
and the whole Wfre taught lo read and write Turkish
and .\rabie. It being unfortunately a holiday, we wi re
prevented I'roiii seeing the process of instrnetiiin ; but
lioiii the iuellieiiiiey of the I'crsian profis.sor, I shonhi
not augur iniieli progress on the part of the scholars ; and
the Italian loathematieian ap[K'ared tco ebl lo cope with
the lively nature of the hoys, or to keep pace with the
rapidity of the pacha's wislies. As it is, however, there
are only two braiiehis of the edneation of the colb'gi,
and it is to he hupi d that the others prove more cniisuliant
to the enlightened |Kiliey which created and fosters this
interesting institution. Of the fourteen hundred boys
of which the college consists, five hundred are boarders,
and the rest day-.seholurs; all appeared liialthy, clean, and
well clothed.
Tlieniunillceiice of the pasha allots above six tliousand
didlars a month to the iiiaintinanee of the college ; and
this, though a small sum, when compared to what wouhl
lie the expenses of a similar cstabli.shiiieiit on uii <'i|ual
scale in Kiigl.iiul, is ude<|uatc to its purpose in a country
where the necessaries of life arc so cheap and abundant.
The pasha's lithographic and printing presses next cn-
ifaged our attention. They were apparently well con-
ducted, iiiidir the inanagi iiieiit of a Druse, a native of
.Mount Iicbaniiii, a young man of polite iiiaiiners, lively,
and inlelligenl, and one of the many who had been sent
by the pasha to Kurojie for education. 1 saw printing in
all its branchi's, from the formation of the letters to the
eoinpletion of a book. The works already printed were
a Turki.sh History, hy un ollicer of the (iraiid Vizier ;
( 'orrespondenee Ik tween the I*:;slia and the Porte ; a
translation, in Turi.ish, of some Fieneh work on military
mid naval laeties, with lithographic plates; the Persian
|Hieiii called the (loidistauii, and .some grammars. The
presses were made under the superintendence of this
Druse, hut the paper was of Kuro|H'nii maiiuliielurc.
We then procieded to the apartments of the superin-
tendent, w ho conversed in Italian. Here, as is the iiiva-
rialilo custom, we were presented with cotVee in little
Chiiiii cups, which, iiLsteid of suuci'rs, are lixcd in cups
of silver gill, or other inferior iiietui, according to tJic
rank and riches of the owner.
Near Hulac, is a palace huiMing fiir tlic DuAurdar
lley. Much of its archileetiire is light and elegant,
tliniigli without regard to regularity, for tireeian [Mirlico-s
and 'i'urkish domes and oriiainents are mixed together.
Itut the interest 1 took in the sjMit arose I'rom learning
that among the niimerous granite and marble pillars and
hroki'ii capitals, lying in eonfiisi'iii around, those most to
be admired were part • ' 'In; spoils of Anlinoe. Several
had been broken to ■ ,; traiis|H>rtation, but most of
llieiii ap|icared to have .i.'i ■. >lirown down, with utter dis-
regard or ignorance of [„ ir value. On the walls I ob-
served stone tablets on which were cut hieroglyphieal
lignres, placed without any regard to uniformity, some
standing on their head, others on their heels, as little
prized as any common material, wliieli might c(|ually
answer the purpose of building. Without In'ing an cii-
llmsiast, 1 eould not help grieving over these precious
iiionnmeiits of ontii|uity, and regretting that theic was
no )iossibility of rescuing tlieiii from the hands of the
barliariuiis, and traiis|Kirting them to England, where
they would be prized as of inestimable value.
t )n the way to our place of einbarkation, we passed
another handsome palace, (in the style of the public bnild-
iiit's at Amstcrd.im,) formerly the residence of Isinnel
i'asim, but now converted iiiio a warehouse. Isinael was
sent by his father into Nubia, to procure recruits for his
army. One of the eliiefs of the country begged some
lillle delay, as he had then no slavo-s ready; but Isniael,
striking him, said lie would admit of none. " Well, then,
my lord, to-morrow, we will see what can be done ;" bul
this morrow did not dawn u|miii Isinnel ; for the straw
huts which ho oeenpied were set on fire by the Nubians
in the night, and he and all his suite [lerished. The pa-
sha's army maile a sivere example of the niifortunate
inhabitants in the vicinity, but the real culprits had cs-
cn|M'd, far beyond the reach of punishment.
.And now eiiibarkiiig on onr iMials, we bade farewell to
C.iiro. Well dues it deserve the name ol" (Jrand ; mid
amply does it repay the traveller for every hour eiKiit in
exploring its singular and striking interior, its pleasant
environs, and the nuuierous intercirting objects with which
it every where abound". Still it imist lie acknowledged
that, us a city, il is not so su)H'rior in itself, but that it de-
rives much of ils estimation fr')m llie assot iations which
it presents, and the aneirnt and romantic hold which it
has on our iinagination.
While dwelling on the merits of his capital, ht me pay
a tiiliiite of admiration lo the pasha's enlighlt lied anil
lil.'cral condiK^t towards strangers. We had now passetl
six wieks in Kgypl during a season of political agitation,
and Iravellid from Cossc ir to Cairo withonl the slightest
inter, nplifui or molcslalion from any class of [icrsons
whulivei, and willioul the smallest exaction (unless I so
tcriii the < iipidily of tin' Cacheef of Keiinah licfore.iiien.
nienlioned) on the part of the governmetlt or its ollieers,
or any demand on account of eiislonis, iW>^^ or imposts.
I wish 1 could speak as favourably of the pasha's policy
towards his subjects ; but in Ih; t respect, his views arc
very eoiifmed. In his dominioiis, the liiiie of his siihjeels,
the fruits of the earth, and the pn duci of its waters — all
he considers exclusively his own. I!(.i;(e, in travelling,
it is needless to ask to whom any thing Uhnigs, for liciu
the huge mannliietory to the croji if dried clover, IMa-
linincd Ali is abselute propriitnr. If a Fi llali sows a
little cotton, and his witi' spins it into a garini lit, it is
liable to seizure nidess it be stamped witli the pa.vhu'8
mark, as a proof of its having juiid duty.
.^till, notwithstanding this enormous monopidy, it is to
lie hoped that the introilnction of so many munufaetures,
though the .'\rabs, ot present, work at them by compul-
sion, and receive but little pay for their labour, may, in
lime, have the efiVct of civilising the peoph', mid be tho
niians of introducing improveineiits in a more enlightened
and permanent form. Much, however, must depend upon
the pasha's successor. The choice, it is sup|>osed, lies
lictweeii Ihrahiin Pasha, the son of his lute wile, and the
Diiftnrdar Itey, who has married his daughter, 'i'lie hit-
ler chief dislikes the Franks, and is particularly hostile
to the recent iniiovalions, whiili he regards with tho
ji.'alous eye of a .Mussulman bigot. The Franks, how-
ever, the pasha never admits to any share of political
power, and it is a peculiar feature of his policy, that
while he enuiluys French and Italian ollieers to drill thu
Arab soldiery, he limits them to the bare duty of instruc-
tion, availing himself of Kiiropenn improvement, wliilo
he is careful to repress Kiiropean encrnaehincnt. This
ehnraclcrislic jealousy is not eonfmcd to the Franks only,
lint shows itself, occasionally, in his arbitrary treatmint
of his own subjects when they venture to otieiid him by
the least infringcnient of his conimnnds. For instance,
a few nionths ago he had ordered that the dollar should
pass for a fixed miinher of plasties, and it was inentioned
in his presence that the rate was not strictly followed.
Ills highness expressing some doults of the fuel, llio
head inter|>reter observed, careh ssly, that a Jew-broker,
whom he named, had, a few days before, exchanged dol.
lars for him at the rale assertid. — " Let him be hanged
immediately," exclaimed the pasha I The interpreter, an
ohl and favourite servant, threw himself at his sovereign's
feci, deprecating his own liilly, and imploring jiardon for
the wretched culprit; but all intercession was in vain —
the pasha said his orders must not he disregarded, and
the niifortunate Jew was executed. I.et me in justice
add, that this was the only inslauee of rigour which had
occurred for n long time; and his lenity, I might almost
say, seemed verified hy the iiiiserable appeaiuncc of the
public exei'utioner, who begged of me in the streets, and
by his sipialid looks gave strong indication how little his
trade nourished.
Voviicf
CHAPPEU XIV.
....;. .,.i«n I'M' \i!i' to t'lHitdi— Kniraiire ititu Mie cnnal— Ve.vn.
llttiis iIi':h\>— Aliival III .Mrxnndrin— AiMTilod- rt'llilivi' to llMi-
riiliaii's I'lllui— <'n|>luri' el' a I'l.it liy lliii'lifli siiiIiiik— (IoikI
liiiiiiMiir milif- I'asliiiuii ili 'ciisiuti— llis iiiiiiiiiaiiiihiiv on licr-
iiiL' et'ii:!' Iiailli.' nrNa\aiiiti)~in> iiii|'i>|<iitaiiiy.
The iiieonvcnicnces of the journey, if I can so term
such trilling privations, now coniini need, since it was
necessary, lor the |iuip(ise of expedition, that we should
( iiilmrk on :; very siniill cni.giii, the cabin of which did
not admit even of onr silling on chairs, mid aflurdcd but
narrow uccominodalion for three persons.
The wind, however, being iiioderatc, our Jirogrrsn
down the stream was so rapid, that we reached the cii-
trniice of the Mahoiidinli canal on the night afler wc left
Cairn, a voyage which, at that ic:isoii, is scldi.in accini-
plished under live or six days. Here we encountered un
nncxpccted obstacle in finding, that u mound of earth,
uIhjuI twenty yards broad, sepnratid the Nile from the
canal. This involved uiinther change of heats and tlio
troublisome shining of our bagga|;e.
While emphiycd n lliese nrraiigcinentR I wns dis.
turbed hy hcariiij from two Knglish traveller!", that the
■■>-if
'If y.
-I (!
)•.:
•iV
'■'. t
>v -f
'l
f'M
m
2ni
iM»s. MTsiiiNCTOM's N.\nn\Tivi:.
^11
paHlin li.'ul laid nil ciiilinr^o nii all vcsscIh at Alrxiiliilriu,
|M'ii(liii^' llic iK'jiarliirc ol' lii» tlcct witli pr(ivisi(iii8 tiir
tJricci', and I liarcil tli.it llic (lilay <'aiiH<'d liy lliin (jrdi-
nuiice W'litild |irii\<> a scrii)iis iiirniivi-iiiciK'o, aK piTsoii
U'uvini; Alixaiidria latr In tliu seaHun uru Mnlijcctid to u
loni^rr (|iiarantiii<' at .Malta.
From till' IciH slate ol' tin- -Aatrr in tlir cniial «<' liad
tu t'rnliark on boaril a xtill sinaliiT Uiat than llic la»l, ll
dirt ot' wliiili was ho gnat, llial no itVort ol' inliir iiiiilil
pnril'y it. liillnrlo wr liad liccii Mni;nlarly I'rri- I'roin all
annovaiK'c.H ho prrvalt'iil in I'<yiit. Hy llu" ai*.si>taiu*i' ol
a cat, and tin; niannrr in uliicli 1 had arran^riMl thr par-
titiiin'i, I liail prrvrntcd llii' ('iitr.ince ol' the ruts inln tin
cabin, thoii}r|i I had liuard thuni above and all around
makiiii,' their inetl'ectnal attempts. K.xeepI a I'ew lleas, I
hail met with no prievaiiees ol' the kind usually com.
plained ol'; and, as most travellers have reeoriU'd in theij
n irralives their personal sull'i riiiys on this head, I must
attribute the ahsenee ol" ve .iiin to tin; coniliirt ol' liinali
Biipcrinlendeuce. 'l"he iroiitrary winds compelled lis t(j
tuck nil day. Nolliin^' eii:ild be ;iiiire tedious tliuM our
siuiMikc pace, whieli wan still I'lirtlicr ilulayed hy mis
takes and the iiiisinanagenK'iil ol' the erew ot" our new
boat ; iievertlielcsH wc ri ached .Mexandria bel'ori' day
break, on the 1 ttli, thouirh Just too lale to see the pasha
who liad stepped into his caiigia to proceed to Cairo, as
the (jentleiiien of our party were hastening to visit him.
As 1 also cx|H'Cted to get a glimpse of this extraordinary
man, hia sudden departure was the only real disap|Miiiit.
menl 1 had met with since the eoinmencement of my
travels, and it was ii real one tu me. 'I'lie delay, the la-
ziness of the p<'ople, the time we had spent in seeing
sights of inferior interest at Cairo, for I consider the
pasha as great a wonder as any in his doininions, — in
fact every thing which had retarded our progress, now
appeared to be intolerable. At the Consulate I saw his
portrait, which does not ut all represent the face o( a
tyrant, i heard that great dilKculty was cx|)erienced in
painting this likeness, (from which several copies have
been taken,) as the .Mussulmans have a religinna horror
of every kind of picture ; and while sitting, the pasha
was eoni|>cllcd to lock himself up witli the artist, under
pretence of transacting business.
Alexandria was so full of Franks, that we cmild have
no choice of lodgings, and were obliged to put up with
some miseraUe rooms in an okel, or quarter, secured tor
us by Mr. Barker the eonstil, which seemed the very focus
of wretchedness and |iestilence. I had heard, too, that
the plague was raging in Syria, whenec it was ex|K'eted
daily to find its way into Alexandria; and had it reached
our vicinity, the narrowness of the passages to our dwell,
ing, and the utter im|>ossibilily of shutting it up, rendered
esca|ie from contagion almost ho)H'les8. I observed that
the lower class ot Franks in tin; streets were a better
race of [leoplu than those ut Cairo, for many I saw there
were a disgrace to the name of Eurogicans — dirty, squalid,
and full of disease, brought on apparently by intemperance
rather than the ctTects of climate ; for the (irecks, native
Christians, Jews, Turks, and Arabs generally, had a
strong, healthy, and active appearance. Alexandria itself
is dirty to a degree. The only cleanly or airy looking
part of the town, is a sort of s<piare inhabited by the con-
suls; but the approach tu this quarter, even on donkeys,
involves a dillicult navigation through pools of water,
mud, and dirt. On foot the streets are scarcely passable
for a lady ; but peril ips 1 saw them in their worst state,
as, notwithstunding the proverbial dryness of the climate,
we had ex|ierieiieed for the last fortnight a siiccessiiin of
gales with wet weather. 1 was enabled, however, to
make excursions to the few objects of curiosity in the
vicinity. The cataeomhs were closed against us in eon.
s<'(|ueiice of the erection of a new fort near thciii ; but I
visited Diocb'tian's, cominonlv called Pomiiey's, I'illar ;
the two IJIielisks, Cleopatra's JJeedle standing, the other
prostrate (the latter has so long been on its way to Kng-
land, that I fear it will now never arrive;) and the pasha's
palace, not yet fmislied, and less magnificent tliun those
at Cairo and ShiKibru.
The splendid pillar of Diocletian surpassed in my
opinion every thing of the kind I had ever sren : to view
it ill |M'rfeetioii, it is, however, iieeissary lu stand close
under il, and to keep out of sight the numerous Knglisli
names, in large black letters, which deface mie side of
the |M>lislied slial\, and |H'r|H'tuate tlii' bad tusle of the
writers. On the nnniversary of the battle of .Mexandria
some of the ollieers and erew of his majesty's ship
hoisted till' English ensign and the pasha's enlours nl the
top of this pillar. This was not agreeable to his high-
iiess, who desireil the Arabs to take (lie Hags down. AC-
ter various nttcmpbi, they found it iiii|iossible, and some
of our own tars were at length obliged to rcasccnd for
this purpose. How .Miss 'I'allMit ever sneeeediil in reach-
ing tlie top I eaiinol undersland, for the dillieiilly of the
imilerlakiiig was great, even to sailors at cnstoiiied lo
I'liinb. The pasha ap|M'ars thoroughly lo imder.stand the
eharailir (if our sailors, as the tbilowing occurrence
seems to prove.
One .Sunday he received iiitclligcnre that a small fori
at the enlraiiee of the hailsiiir had been taken posfession
of by certain Franks, and that the I iirks iM'longing to it
had been made prisoners. Some constei'iialion prevailed
among his people, but instead of being angry lie laughed
heartily, and swearing by his two ryes, (his favourite
oath,) thai they iiiiisl be Knglisli sailors, he direeled his
interpreter to write lo their captain, to ordiT his men on
board ship again. ('[Hin eiKjtiir) it proved as the pasliii
had antieip.ited : the men h;id landed, got drunk, and
erowiK'd their liberty by seizing tin the fort and eonliiiin
the imlorliinate 'I'lirks, who, iMdnleiilly smoUing their
pi|MS, iievi r could have aiilicipalid siieli an attack in
time of profound peace.
I visited with great interest the (ii Id of balMe where
I^ir Kalpli Ahereroiiibie lell, and the II. ly of .\lioukir,
which is at the iliNlanee of eight or ten mill's. AlUr
wandering a considerable lime among the Flench re-
doubts, ] picked lip a few imisket-shot, the evidciiee ol
the modern liallle, and some aiieii iit coins, the relics of
many Inmdrcd years. The B|Hit is too well known to
require description ; but the heart must be cold indeed,
which can, for the lirst time, view these scenes, and re.
rtect upon the events which have occurred there, without
lively emotion.
.viler all, in truth, the most striking and interesting
sight is the Mediterranean itself, which rolls into the
harbour of .Mexandria ; its waters as blue and as trans,
parent as Lord Uyron has described them. These classic
waves I first saw in a deep calm. It was succeeded by
a slorni which agitated them to a tremendous height,
and placed in jeopur<ly the numernus ships at anchor in
the |)orl. This storm, however, besides all'ording a grand
sight, was of siihsiantial use to us, for it detained a Meet
hound to .Malta, and thus enabled us to leave a country
in which our residence had ceased lo l)e agreeable.
.Among the ships lying in the harbour was the wreck of
one of the I'usliu's own vessels. 'I'lie captain had coin-
mitled some crime, which was represented by his crew
lo the pasha, who ordered him immediately on shore to
answer his accusers. Knowing his guilt, he pretended
sickness, till a second message from the pasha lell him
no alternative ; and unable longer to evade his fate, he
sent all his crew on shore, and calling to an old and faith-
ful servant, the only person on Imard, he bade liim jump
out of the |K)rt ; at the same time loading two pistols, he
fired into the magazine, and blew up the ship and him.
self together. \Vhen the slory was related lo the pasha,
he said, " 'J'liese arc Frank customs : this is dying like
an Englishman."*
The agitation excited by the battle of Navarino seemed
to have totally subsided, and it was curious to sec Fng-
lisli and French frigates lying peaceably alongside a
Turkish man-of-war, which bore evident marks of the
dreadful conflict in which the forces of the three nations
had so recently licen engaged. The magnanimity evinced
by the pasha, when he first heard of the event which
destroyed his navy and humbled his [lower, was highly
honourable lo his character. He had not finished the
jierusal of the unwelcome tidings, when he desired Mr.
Wohn.is to assure the Franks that they should not be
molested, and that they might pursue their occupations
us heretofore in [M-rfcct security.
Hut notwithstanding the kindness whieli the pasha
manifests towards the Franks, he is not |Mipiilar with
those at .\lcxandria,in consequence of the dnincss of trade,
resulting from his nionoiiolies. Neither has he friends
among the Turks or Arabs, the former complaining that
the new system of tactics has thrown them out of em-
ployment, while the latter hate him for forcing them into
the military service. ( >n the whole, the bi'st informed
|iersons said that the slate of his government rendered
iiim very anxious, esiweinlly as he hud ulrendy incurred
the disjileasure of the I'oiie, hy re|K'atedly urging the
Siillan to ncipiiesec in the demniids of the allies.
His country, too, was nearly ruined by the (trix'U war.
• .\ similar, but more atrocious instance of despera.
lion, oeeurred, it is said, a short time ago at Valparaiso,
or some other |iort in South Amerien. The eommander
of nil Knglish vessel, U'ing pressed by his creditors, in-
vited some of them to dinner, und during the meal went
down to the gim.room, where, setting fire to the [lowder,
he destroved himself and his guests, by blowing up the
stern of t)ic (hip.
not only from the vast sums he had expended in hii cr.
operation with the I'orle, but also from the de|x,|)ii|j|j, .
occasioned by Ihe hosts of troops whom he hod Ihi n am
pelled lo senil into the ."Morea, thereby draining |||, .„,
viiices of their cultivators.
.\\ the house of the Knglisli consul I had the plraiure
of seeing Kady — — , whose intcrcsling prnj(cls(.|i||a„r,j
the gratification id'nieetinir with a country woman in ihji
distant land. Her ladyship meditated the esliihlishirin,!
of a school at Jerusalem, lor the superintendence ol' viiKh
she was qualifying herself by the assiduous study jf
Arabic. • On the feasibility and utility of this plan opi!
nions may ditl'er, but nobody, I think, can witni'..« n, ,,,
llior's self.devotiiiii without wishing that it may be rf.
waided by success.
thir slay ut Alexandria was limited to four Hnvf, w,
Ihe Inst ol which divine service was performed at tlir con'
sulate, and a very long but not a bad sernuin prochic
in Knglisli, by a .Swiss missionary, attired in a Turkisn
dress, funning a heterogeneous compound lor the pulp,i
CIIAPTKU XV.
DcjinrMiri' friini Mi'.tnn.lr|.i— SivprtMvoalhir inlhi- Mitll'eiriiinn
— Iiiir.-H'itre el" .'\sialir aiiU Kuoipenn iinYigulinn— Arr.M i-
.M.illH — l.a/.arcun. ■ ■ ■
The next niprniiig, the 18thof February, wccmbarkii
on board the Columbia, an Knglish merchantman nl'iiit
hundred tons, laden with the pasha's cotton, contignrc ii
Ijiver|KH)l. 'J'hc brecezc being light, wo were a wlmie
day passing the bar, which is an affair of some difliculiv
and anxiety in a large ship, when the wind is not quiie
favourable. This was our case, but under tlie nkil'a;
guidance of an old man, at whom I looked with niiir^i
interest on hearing that he was Lord Nelson's |)j|„i ;i
the buttle of the Nile, we got safe over ot eight o'rloct
p. III., when I t(H)k my last view of the shores of K|;)i>i
It inustnot br. siip|ioscd, because the Columbia was if
the res|H'ctablc size of five Kundredtons, that wc had juiu.
bic accommodation. The whole ship vi'as crowded uiih
cotton, a small fiortion ef which had been removed I'r.a
the cabin to afford just sufticient space for our o«n bcji,
while my maid was lucated in the corner on the rcmaic. |
iiig bules. These had been so loosened by a sciiaration
I'roiii the rest, that every night of bad weather I cipccl.
ed some of them to/i"<en icny, as they say on lioardihip,
and smother us in their fall.
During the first six days the wind was strong and I'l.
vouruhle, and brought us almost within sight ofoiirdal
tiiicil |iort ; but for the reniaiiider of the voyage, ivliici |
lasted ten days longer, the weather became very boiiltt.
ous and adverse. I had beer three times round tlic ('ipe I
of (lood Hope, and yet, whether frbm laps.; of time er in.
crease of timidity, it seemed to me that 1 had never 1».|
fore witnessed such alarming storms.
Those who have only read of the dark blue sea of itX
Mediterranean, as depicted by Uie author of the Coruir.l
must not form their idea of the gales we eipcricncdl
from his dcsciiption, but rather rely u|Kin a lalerpKU
who thus apostrophises the stormy ocean : —
" Tremendous art thou ! in thy tempest ire,
When the mad surges to the clouds respire ;
And like new Apennines from out the sco.
Thy waves march on in mountain majesty."
Monlgomery'i Omnipreience nf tht Deily
Navigation is differently conducted in the east and ul
west. Our little brig, the I'alinurus, of one liimJfdli
and ninety tons, had a complement of seventy nircl
whereas a crew of twenty, officers included, nuinigul
the Columbia, and excellently too, though I could ihxI
help shuddering sometimes at night while scuJdiiii; ill
I 111' rate of ten or eleven knots an hour, lo see lli:' ulioll
in the hands of a weakly iKiy of sixteen, who fhitlolj
with the greatest difficulty.
We were within view of Malta four days lieforc ikl
inexorable gale allowed us to reach it ; to odd tu oul
vexation, the Dryail frigate passed us one evening, ir^l
by U'ing aide t<i " lay eUiser" to Ihe wind, got ml*
.Mullu six und thirty hours licd'ore us. Still ue liadosu
lo congratululu ourselves on having taken our pafup
in un Knglish ship, as some of my aeipiaiiitaiictii, (Ik
sailed the sume day with us in a .Maltese vessel, did it(|
arrive till a fortnight allerwiirds.
'I'lie npproucli tu Malta is very beautiful. Tlieeih
* I.udy was eneoiirnged to adopt this boncvol
projeet, by the siiei;esn which had attended Mrs. Wilnn'i
exertions in educating native females at CalrulU, i
considered us lio|H>lesB an undertaking then.' as tliU <
which Lady proposed to embark.
I shniild have lie
'.nlli llio ennui nee
nlM, lud I endure
(uJ li'd such a w.i
nut' past, and Ik
mallier of tin; .Mi^
I ronlini'iiieiit was ai
teiicticial to my he
Till' l.nzaretio is
iilol, having Fort Ii
I (oriii of ran k under
\Vi' had three Is
Ml llie windows 1
I dirhaibmir and sui
Excepting a coiq
rwiii" were quite ci
plifd nitli our own
I pLili's wliicli had cs
I xi, and soon made
Barli I'aiiiily or pa
I ciri'nl'lliein, and ea
I incnis to prevent con
caiiliiionieiit is differ
I liiOM' ulio are not
™ii|iaiiy in the I'ai
J t'liMIn;', lieiiig cure
I pill your fiiigi'r on a '
(dlo the same term
I aintbini; to observe
I Mtiblishiiicnt, and tl
I I'min any apprehende
I die part of tlie prisor
J rd by the latter, who
I Inwlul of a new oeci
I durance should be pn
usious arc supplied b
|biini(« llie articles rcr
I in hotel at Vuletta.
Though the accoi
lconi|daint may be ni
lol'ciprcisc, to which
ltd. We were only alio
I nee about sixty tcet li
liDllic cool season, mu
I tount of the heat I
I «liy a suitable place t
1 15 the islet, which is
lUhiiululgenee witlioi
I iur.ilinn,
T.K' Lazaretto is slii
iMf IHTiions in charge
|ittn<i'l, when they reti:
lis; I know not wlia
Itw III' sudden ilhiess-
|«f mi'li ,1 danger in tli
I'liiili.ive long lived in
Iiuiirn'iit of no rare i
|l" use, the delay of
l»raild, In all probabilil
J ^-iriune us it iiinv n|
Itmte ai'i'iiiint of tlic cl
Intscirai'liially inmuiri
Iteit bad pnuioiinced in
|k!f-iio ap|ical, no rem
Ibmi,
Tiic (leriixl of qiinrui
Inomllici'aslwnrd is gi
llitimsl fivoiiruhle circ
|l«fnlv.|«'o, the day of
|liiJiil. Tlie latter wa
"'>*■« nt that time eiti
"". dint two deaths,
furred al our okel at
|»ri.,r,'. A deduction il
'*' qiumiitino ostab
MRS. M'SHIXGTON'S NAHRATIVE.
iiniliri in hii rr.
till' di'|».|)ulaii,,n
lic'liodlKino(,m.
rfraiiiiii(r lii, p„,
liail Ihf |ilo3«ur,
prnjiclsciihalirfi
trywoinan in \tn
llic CKlahlishniiii'
IrmlfiiocorwIiKh
isiiliKiua siudv of
,• of this plan opi.
an vvilnt'!«.x its au.
Imt it may Ik r>.
I to four day?, tr.
•fornu'il nl IhV ron
siTiiKin iirnrhic
lircd in u Tiirkisn
uiid lor the pulpii
in Ihp Mfdl'itirinfin |
i\i|jatii>n— Ati.M, i:
imry, wc t-mbark')!
crchantman (ifii\e
:otton, coniignro in
wc were a wlm't
r of Boine di(Rc\illy I
: wind is not cjuiK
t under the ckil:u!
looked with much
(1 Nelson's |)i|. ' _
rer at eight n'cliK(
ic uliores of Knyii
c Columbia was of
8, tliat we had suiu. I
I was crowded witli I
been removed ftoa I
;c for our own liecii,
rncr on the remaic
led by a !>e|>arat>03 1
J weather I eipccl. f
f Bay on lioard ship, I
] waa strong and it' I
tin night of our dn- 1
f the voyage, ivliiihl
icennie very boiiKr. f
nics round the Cipc |
lapcv' of time et in- [
hat 1 had never («.
2ftr}
ithi
rk blue pea of l)«l
lor of the Coruii.l
les we expericnndl
u|>on a later pwt,!
ccan ; —
tcmpcit ire,
:louds reapire ;
out the tea,
tain niajeBty."
•nee »f tilt Dniti
in the east and ul
IS, of one himdrt^l
of Btvcnty nioii;
iicluUed, manigul
(lougli 1 eould iMill
wliili ecudding il
iir, to HOC IIk' vvli'dl
ecu, who (hilVd il
nr day» lieforc l)«l
it ; to add to owl
H one I'vening, «i\
he wind, got mu
Still we had ciu
taken onr |iamt
icquttintanew, »1
iteae vessel, diJ n.<j
eantiful. Tlie<
this hfncvolci||
t« at (.alfutli, M*
|g there a' ll""' "
o,.l ..
nded
.,j„o, into the quarantine harb.,. is no narrow, that it
, ni'ccsaafy to low ships into it. Kor this purpose nu-
mor.iiis '"«'* "'■"' "Iwy" feady, whoso lolly prows, like
,,,0^. of llie Roman (fulleys, betoken a tlirni of anci> iit
j,'„ ,nd Ixing rowed hymen v»itli their luces to the
buwi, eshihil a very singular appearance.
\lU'r anchoring, wc were hailed by the port eapLiin,
ind our seamen and paaacngers inusU-'red ut the (rune,
nv : wlieii, on its l)einjjf oscerUiincd that Ibi-y were ull
tfil, the lK)at wuH |>crniitt(-d to approaeli suHieiently
near for ii« to ilrop our letters into n bucket for furniga-
lioii, and we were ourselves allowed to row to the I.iiia-
rilto- . , , ,
1 should have l)cen cautious not to trouble my readers
•■villi tlie eiuiui oeeiuiioncd by my seelnsion in the l^iia-
ivilo, had I endured any. But, ui truth, I felt noni-. I
had lid such a wandering and futigning life for som.-
liuo lusl, and been so harassed by the teniix'stiious
.rather of the Mediterranean, that the tranquillity of the
coaSiu'riieut was us agreeable to my feelings, as it was
btiiftieial to niy henlth.
The l.niarelto is an extensive building, situated on an
ulcl, having Kort Bmanuel, where the military and per.
(onjofraiik under quarantine arc quartered, at its back.
We h.vl three largo and airy apartments up stairs,
from the windows of which there was a good view of
iJir harbour and surrotinding country.
Exce|iting a couple of tables onJ o few chairs, the
rwiiis wire quite empty ; but fortunately, \ve were sup-
plii'd with our own camp beds, ond the few enps and
plili's which had escaped from the shocks of land and
j Ki, and siwn made ourselves comfortable.
Eaeh family or party has a guardian apiwinted to take
I ciri'of them, and each vessel has two. 'I'heduty of tliest-
ioiiis to prevent contact between iiersons whose period of
I ro.lineinent iaditt'erenl, and to secure their not touching
ihow who are not in quarantine. You may receive
roiii|Kiny in the I'arlntorio, or on the terraces ot" tin-
hililini;, Ix'ing careful to keep at a distance ; for if you
pulyour tingi-rona visiter's dress, he would lie condemn-
(dli) the same term of confinement as yourself. It is
iinihini! to observe the caution of the otiieers of the
Mtiblishnient, and the nimbleness with which lliey Hy
from any apprcliemled approximation to themselves on
like part of tin! prisoner; and this caution is again learn-
,<l bv tin' latter, who in his turn Ik-couics equally di»-
I iriKlful of a new m^cupant of the Lazaretto, leal his own
Idjtance should bo prolonged by the other's touch. I'ro-
I uswiis arc supplied by a person called a siM-uditore, who
|briiii;« liie arlieles required on his own account, or from
I in hotel at Valetla.
Tlioiigh the accommodations are excellent, a just
I coniiiliinl maybe made of the unnecessary privation
lofctercise, to which persons in quarantine arc pubject-
I (i. We were only allowed to walk on a small ill.paved ler.
I nee about sixty feet long, which, thoiigh pleasant enough
I ID the cool season, must be intolerable in summer on ac
I tount of the heat, I enimot perceive any good reas4>n
lihy a suitable place for exercise might not lie allotted
I oa tlic islet, which is suHieiently eapacinus to admit ol
I Uis indulgence without hazard of unauthorised commu
I ainlion.
Tiie I.azarello is shut up from twelve till two, when
I ix jHT.sons ill charge of it go to Iheir dinner, and from
lw<ct, when they return home, till seven the next morn-
Iw!. I know not what would become of its inmates in
laacol' sudden illness — hut jN'ople never seem to think
|«f!iicb a danger in this favoured climate, which to me
Itlwhave long lived in the regions of fever and cholera,
lusn event of no rare oeeurreiiee; and where, in the lat-
Itttcise, the delay of an hour in proeiiring assistance
l»oiild, in all probability, prove the death of the sufferer.
Siranije us it may ap|)ear, I never coidd gain any uc-
Inrile aciiiiiiit of the duration of quarantine, until I was
laystlfailually immured, and the fiat of the su|M'rinten-
Idwi had {irnniiuuced iny doom, which proveil irreversi.
Iblr— no a|i|ical, no remission ; and his words might have
|bmi,
" Lasciale ogni B|H>ranza, voi eh' entrate."
_ Tiic |irricMl of quarantine for vessels and passengers
Ifiom the eastward is generally twenty.five days; under
llic moat favourable circumstances it is never liss than
ll«fnty.twn, the day of entrance aiul departure U-ing in.
Itludi'd. 'riio latti'r was our ease, though little was il
Itnovn al that time cither to the superintendeni or our-
ifl'f", that two deaths, sup|)Osed to be from plagtie, hail
"furred nt cnir okel at Alexandria, previously to our de-
ll^iiurr. A deduelinn is also made in favour of king's
thipt.
The iiuaraiitino OBtabliihincnt oontiiU of a tU|iorin-
tendinl, a captain of the Lazaretto, a clerk, and uliont
eighty guardians, liesides |iers<ui8 whose duly il is to
siiinkc |ueki U and biters. The ex|>eiises are iiniderale.
The hiisims-* ap|Mars to Ik- coiiduited in an exeellcnl
nanner, and « ilii great courtesy «nd civility on the part
of liie su|H'riiileiident and liis suliordinates.
The lime of our emancipation having arrived, we re-
paired to 'Vverley's hotel, the 8U|"'rior aeeomnio<lation
of which, alter the lledoiiin life we had been leading for
some nvinths |iasl, and the confuicmcnt of the Ijazaretto,
was highly acceptable.
ClIArTUK XVL
l|.aiiiv iif Malta— W.iiii lU siiilunni neconiinotl.uion for Uie ii'o-
UT'inn- i,.ii:rec.-iiii,ii— MiM:i-.laac<au ulfs* rvatioiis— llosiatulii>
lit III'- r.ii£li!.|i roiilt'Ut!!.
.Malta is certainly a most singular island, I was de.
lil'lited with the view s from the ramparts, and astonished
at iLs fnrlilieatioits, the height of which in some places
is one hundred and thirty feet |MTpendicular. On vari-
ous parts of the ratii|iarts are the ttniihs of Sir Ralph
AlK-rcrombie, Sir Alexander Hall, Sir Thomas Maillaiid,
.Sir Thomiis Krcemantle, and the Marquess of Hastings.
.\t present only plain Hat stones are placed over the re-
mains of Sir Thomas Maitland and Lord Hastings.
The government, I heard, offeretl to erect a nioniitnent
at the public ex|)ense to the former; but it was under-
sliKxl, on the island, that the offer was deelineil in cotise-
cpiente of the wish of his faiitily to fulfil that duty, 'lite
whtde vieinitv is covered by a most exulM-rant profusion
of geraniums almost |«'r|H'tttally in full bloom, together
with other gay flowers and sbrulis, whose gaudy appear-
ance divests the place of its solemnity.
I,or€l Ha.«tings was much beloveil by the inhabitanls
of the island, some of wh'im, Isfore his grave was iti-
elos»d with an iron railing, placed two or three orna-
metilal tributes on the slab. One of them is a cushion
of stone, on which the following lines arc engraved : —
" Ha.stings ilellelo Mclite dat Florea seda.
Nam grato assurgit (KCtore vividior."
I wiis told that the translulion of these lines is rather
unmanageable.
'I'he palace contains some tolerable paintings, but the
tape-stry is aitmirable. Of this I saw counterparts aller-
wards at Kontainehleau. The armoury had been adnti
rably arranged by the chief engineer. The rool'of the
building being weak, the beams of it required support,
which *'<>l<inel Whitmorc contrived to afford, not only in
an unobjectionable, but in a pleasing and taiileful iiiun-
n< r, hv placing pio|>s of wmid at regular distances, so
disguised Willi pikes and pistols, as to present the up-
(learancp of ornamental columns.
St John's Churcli is a splendid edifice, but is most
conspicuous, OB is well known, for its exquisite and
uniijue mosaic (inveinenl, forint-d by the inlaid marble
gravestones ot the knights of the order. In one of the
ihnjM'ls on the right are two or three fine iniirlile monu-
ments, one of wliieli comprises an admirable picture, in
mosaic, of one of the gr.-iiid musters. Here, >':«o, is a
silver gate, which was pres«'rveil from the rc;>iicily ol
the French, by the simple prciMution of coverinc it with
black paint.
When the island was ceded to the nritisli. Sir Thomas
.Maitland received orders, according to the stiict con
siriietion of the capitulation, to appropriate the ejilhedral
of .St. John to the protestant worship; but with correct
judgment and good leeling, he referred tlie case hack to
llie home government, representing how iiuieh the reli-
gious prejudiees of the Millcse were interested in the
reti.'iitioii of the church for the Roman (Jatliolic riles as
Ibrmerly ; endeared to them also, as it was, hy coiilaiii-
itig the remains of Iheir illustrious ancestors, and how
essential he felt it to ciineiliate their attaeliment, hy
yieltling to their ex|H'ct4itions on this |H>iiit. Tlie iippli.
cation was sticcessfiil, and a |H)rtion of the protestuiil
eongregnlion, exclusive of the military, is now aeeoni-
miKlaled in tlie eha|H'l U'longiiig to the palace. Hut this
act of national self-denial is attended with ineonvcnieiice,
as the eha|iel dix's not contain above one third of the
|M'rsoiis who might resort to it. It may bo doubted,
iiowever, whether the sacrifiet; lias increased tht rc8|K'cl
of the 5Tallese, whose religions zeal can scarcely 1k'
satisfied w itii the numerous splendid ehtirches in which
il is exhibited, while the fervour of their protestani
rulers is compreswd wilhiii the walls of one humble und
insufficient eha|x'l.
There are several ehurehos in the town of Valetla
worth visiting, and its Ixingholy week lliey were throng-
ed with dvvotcea ; indeed Malta ap^ieured to nio to be'
the hiil.lH'd of Catholicism ; I have never since Men it
carried to such excess. I'rocessions wire hniitly passing
Ihriiugh the streets with many of the Si-riplur*' s<*'iies
represented as literally as |x»Ml>le. .\iiioii!; tin in was
iir .""^aviour hanging on ihc t.i»«s; a Ixiy, dressc,! jn
sheepskin, representing .*^l. John the Itaplist ; a luby, as
the iiifutit Saviour, \ c. «!k e. In some of thes4' proces-
sions walkcil |H'iiple, w ho, I v.as altirwards tuld, were of
the first consideration in the town, ilragging many yards
of heavy chain at their heels ; but the most antniiishing
instance of sU|H'rstilion was that uliieh cx-ciirred on
CiiMid Friday ; all the Ixlls of the churches were slupixd,
and a noise surecidi d, like that of a liuiidred watch-
men's rattles, which u|Hiti ini|iiity I t'ound was caused
by stones shaken in a l>iix, iiitt iide<l to rcpn'stnt the
grinding of Jiidas's Ixviies 1 ! Mass was |x'rform(d both
•lay and night iluriiig Ihe whole week, and I should
s|»ak favourably of Ihe riligion of the Malle»e, if I had
to judge of its sineerily by the decorum of their beha-
viour at eliiireh.
\ short distance from Valetla the governor has a coun-
try seal, named St. Antonio; il is a bi\i ly S|K]I, and
would Im- considered such in any country, but lierc its
shadi! and ccxilncss are fell doubly refresliiii|r from tliu
absence of these advantages in other |iarts of the island.
In the garden I found I.<x]uats su|«rior to those in
India, also Ihc Teparree, or ('a|»' gisjuberry, called by a
variety of names, and oranges in full t'ruil The white
nectarine, the |)eacli, apricot, and fig are, ! underslixxl, of
the most exquisile llavour and in great abundance.
Flowers from every part of the world ap|N'ar to make this
garden their native soil — Ixauliful eliniU rs of all sorts,
ixias, jtislieias, geraniums as large as shrubs; the yucca
gloriosa, and the night-blowing cerciis, siirpris«d iiie as
growing ill the oixn air, by Ihe side of violets, |Hilyaii-
Ihiises, roses, cowslips, rununculu8t.s, and other iiioro
hardy piuiits.
Malta contains alxiut 1011,1X10 inhabitants, and (iozo
dlV'lHI. The revenue of the islands is under 1(1(1,1100/.,
of which a large |uirtinn is derived from a viry low duty
on spirits and wine. Spirits and interior wines (lay \\d.
a gallon, and the better kinds of wines *-?</. a ImiIiIi', and
yet it will hardly Is' Is lievcd that Uie cniisumpliuii of
the latter is so great that the produce of tin tax on it
d.K's not fall short of Ihc annual sum of 10,000/. ."M.OOO/.
of the revenue is devoted to tlie iiiainlciiance of hospitals
and other charitable institutions ; of this sum, the ."vhool
of Industry, founded by Lord Hastings, draws J.'iOO/. |ier
annum. I'liis estuhlishiiienl is on a very lilxral scale,
and sup|HirtB three himilri d girls und a tew \i ry old men.
Public snbscriplioiis are also receivrd ; but ihc aggregato
contributions not Ixing equal to Ihe cx|Hndi(urc, liirty
girls had lately been disniis.sed. There niight proliably
Ih" dilHcully ill interfering with the prejudices of the
Roman C'utholier, und additional exixnsc and indulgence
oil that uceunnt be requi.-ite; otlicrw.se', I should vi nturc
to say, that the children here, as in many similar institu-
tions, arc brought up with a digree of luxury, lioth us
resiMcts their ueconiinod.ition, fo<4l und habiLs, which is
likely to unfit tin in to emouiiler with ehcei fuhicss the
lianlships of servitude, to wliii h, in afler li.i', they must
necessarily 1h' exixisid.
The island, though very friiitl'ul, does not grow corn
suflieient for its consumption. The iiii|Kirt.ition of grain
is suhjccl to no restrictions, but the government always
keeps a certain quniitily in store to check excessive
prices. The grain is presirvi d in larje pits, Ihe innuths
of which arc covered with circular stones, and the ajxr-
tures Ix'iiig hermetically closed with cement, it (iocs not
sulVer from damp. iMucli to my surprise, I b-arned here
that Sicily, formerly tlic granary of Kurope, no longer
exports corn, for tlii! supplies of which .Malta is now
principally indebted to Kgypl.
The monopoly of ice is granted to nn individual, who
imports it in iiitiiiense (piantities from Si -ilwand who is
liable to u penalty of five guineas for every hour he may
Ih" without a suitable supply diirine the -iinimer. It is
well known that in the southern parts of Fiirojir ice is
indisjH iisnble to Ihe jxiorer classes, and the privation of
it would not only affect the health of the imputation, but
probably excite n commotion.
To quit the subject of M.illa without ocknowlcdginfr
the kindness I i'X|H'rienecil there, would be an excess of
ingrnlililde. Indeeil, wherever I s(iip|S'd, on my long
journey, I had received very obliging nttentioiis; but
Malla is the bind of hospitality, win re stM-iety is on the
most lilsTal fooling, and where a slronger is wclcimied
with a degree id' warmth and cordiality truly •'Ucsging.
In this spirit of kind consideration. Sir l-^lwaril CtMlring-
ton, then commanding the station, authuriwd our accepts
1 't
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2n(»
MIJS. I,rsilIN«TO>'.S IVARnATIVE.
4(
■.if-
■'li'/rv
->»L4' V '1: ■ •
Vii' ,':,:
niifi' (it* Sir TiifMiiris Krllnwi'N'n otU-T to foiivry us, in the
D.irtiiioudi iVifralr,* tn Syracuse.
rilAITKIl XVII.
F.lvrMiritilc |infi«niie hi !4>riiriiiH'—-l>ti)n\t>iiiH'ii r.iir.Ar. — Li-ntiiii—
r:ii;iiii:t— ' < r 'tii'iiiinl it! ilif Caihcilrul— Ailiiiir.ililu kitiitiiiiiii iir
'l':iuiiiiiiiiiiiiiii'-.M(»(iia.
\Vr riiili.'irkc'd in llic cvcninij, .Tiid llii: wind iH-inj;
Ntroni; iind tiivotirulili', wv liiy-to till nrar dayli}r|it, tci
nviiid apiiroiicliini; the oKi.st at nii;lil, and alxiul tin
dVIimU rntiTi'd the nia|;niri('c'nt IiarlHinr nf Syrac nsr,
having,' as wr ii|>|ir<KK'lird a tine view of Ktnu, wllli it>
top nncloudi'd and s|iriiikl<'d witii ."now.
Our lirst vii-il nu landiii<; was to Dionysius's lOnr
This ri'li'lirati'd eavirn may ho nasouahly iniai^'incd to
iH'ar the roriii n*'an car; and t'roni its siriirity, tlir mark
of riwts in tlic^ wall, and itH i^cnira! apiM'arancc, my
roiivirtinn will not allow nic to douht that it was used for
the imr|iose of a prison, a.s st.ilcd in history. The I'clio
in till' main hollow is very distinct; lint it is still piore
|>erfcct in tiic small cave alKive, on the ri;;lit hand of the
rntrmco of the cavern, where the tyrant, it is said, took
lip his position when he desired to overhear the corivcrsa.
tion of his prisoners. The natives have a way of rcacli-
inj tile to|), with wliicli they would not accpiaint us, say-
ini; it was (lir too precipitous for us to attempt It is
their interest to make the aseint dilVioult, and the only
metliixl, they prctendi'd, hy which we could accomplish
it, was hy !>ein|r tlrawii up in a chair — Imth it and the
rojK', however, troin which it was sus|iended, liHiked so
fra!;ilc, that I would not venture Ujxiii tlie enterprise.
Nevertheless, one of our party was hoisted up in this
giorilons manner to the cave, (wliirh is, I should think,
about sixty or seventy teet hiixh,) whence to my astonish,
ineiit ln' answered the ipiestions we put to him in a low
wliisper from liencith, without dilficulty, or hesitntion.
We alterwarils visited the remains of the theatre and
nm|ihilheatre, the view from which is deli);litful — the
Capuehin convent in tin virinily, not worth sceiiijj — the
cathedral, built on the remains of an ancient temple of
Minerva ; anil lastly the I'ountaiii of .Vrethnsa, wliere we
saw the usual nuinlHT of old women washinfj in the
Kireain. One of them otVereil me a gl.iss in which to
drink some wa er from the |>ool, liut I was apprehensive
that its purity might have been injured by liie.-c Naiads,
and declined.
There beinff no roads sulVicientJy good in Sicily to
allow nf wheel rarria(res, I tr.'ivelled upon .1 mule, and
hired a letleira, the n^n^il conveyance of priests and te-
males, as a shelter in the event of bad weather. In shaiH'
it rcsi'inblesa il.iuble.sedan-chair, or the l)ody of a shabby
vis-a-vis; and beiiifr slunff, not lu'tween camels like my
lukhte-rowan, but In-tween mules, proved a much less
iine.isy vehicle. The state of the road and the distance
not admiltin!; of our jroing direct to Catania, we pro.
eeeded to Leiitini to sli'cp, and here wo experienced the
ndvantaije of havinj; broupbt with us our camp ecpiipajjc;
for, e.vcept a very dirty room, we found no accommoda-
tion, as the iM'ds were so disgusting it woidd have been
iin|iossiblo to rest in them. Wo were obliged to send
out into the town tor provisions, but the bread alone was
good — su|«'rior, perhap.:, to any in Kurope, except that in
Spain. 'I'lie Hour is of the finest quality, of a pale sulphur
colour — whether artilieial, or the natural tint of the corn,
I did not ascertain. 1 was the more surprised at the ex-
cellcnee and abundance of the bread, when I wa8 told
that the Sicilians annually had to import grain, the
island not yielding sulfieient even for the consumption of
its thin iKipnlation. Lentini is close to n small lake, and,
thongJi prettily situated, is considered very unhealthy.
Indeed, one cannot help h^ing shocked at the sipialid
lentiires of its inhaliilants, and the generally wretched
n|)|H'ar.inee of the town.
The country as fir as Cat^ania was not very striking —
but we had Ktna in front of us, which we were eon-
tiimnlly approaching, and ol' which we liad sr: clear a
view as to (K-rceive the Knglisli house, near the snuimit,
about eight thou.sand feet aliove the level of the sea,
looking like a large black slab in the surrounding snow.
The landlord of our inn, Sigiior .Mihate, who is a dis.
liiiguished guide, said we could not reach the top in
eoiiseipunco of a recent tall of snow, and I was rather
• Sir Thomas Fellowes had two of his sons, one a child
of nine years old, on Imard the Dartmouth at the battle
of .Navarino. These yonng i.tidshipmen iH'haved with a
coolness scarcely to Ik* exiM-cted at their lender age; and
during the action, the I'lder, only twelve hiniself, hail the
admirable good sense and feeling to keep his brother out
of their lather's i*ight, lest the Inttcr'd aiixicly should be
excited.
glad at the time to be Inrnished with a deet lit excuse liir
avoiding a toilsome exem'sion, which 1 MisjH-ct dm's not
repay one for the certainty ol great taligne .".iid the lisk
of illness with which it is uKended.
The view of Cataiiia, at a illst nice, was splendid; its
white palaces glitti ring in the sun, surrounded by dark
and verdant tbliage. Hut n|Min a nearer approach, the
city wore a melancholy npiiearanie, t'roin the ruined state
of the houses, which had not been regularly repaired
since they were injured by the last eartbipiake. In tiict,
scarcely a >vall rcinains entire; but it is almost imiKissible
to jnilge of the elViets of this ealamity, without liaving
heheld the pleasant plains in the vii inily of a huriiing
momitain, converted into Inige masses of black lava, now
as hard as rock, and recoMieting thai tiioe had once
been streams of liipiid lire. There are, however, still
.some huililiiigs in a |H'rfiet state, such as the eatliedral,
the Itenedietiue church, and a convent. One street,
called Straila Stersicorea, is of iinmense length, present,
iiig a iH'antiful vista, terminated by tlie vencrahle Ktnn.
1 witness! d at the cathedral a grand eertinonial «f the
iiiaugnration of a new llishop of < "atani,-.. There was
little decorum observable in llie spectators, principally
coniposed of priests, who appeared, instcail of devout
actors in the scene, to have come, like ourselves, only to
enjoy the show, In consccpuiice of the noise, it was
iiii|H)ssibIe to hear any thing said by the bishop, arch-,
bishop, or olVicintiiig priests : sn iag, however, some
clergymen reading out of books, I fancied, if I eoiilil
catch a glimpse of a few words, I might gain a know,
ledge of what was passing; but looking over the shoulder
of one of the priests for this purpose, 1 timiid his manual
was an llalia'-i play.
The ride Iroin Catania to (Jiarra was most delightful.
We made a detour of two miles in order to visit the
church Del Vlrniittagio, from the terr.:re of which is a
splendid view over an extensive plain, studded with
towns, .\i Keale, and several other.-;, and lionndi d by the
sea. The rocks of the Cyclops lay below us, and the
mountains of Calabria erowneil the distance, wliili- on
the left rose I'.liia in all its glory, on whose sides were
seen numernus white villages and farm-houses sparkling
in the sunshine. We passed lovely gardens full of orange
and lenion trees, bearing fruit and hlo.s.soms at the same
time ; and over the walls in front of the hou.ses hung
roses, carnations, and double slocks of an immense size.
Kven the very weeds on the road-side sprang up and
blossomed like elegant llowcrs, in i^olonrs of yellow, pink,
blue, and scarlet, of the brightest hues.
Still, I had only to look to the lieds of lava in the
vicinity for this gay scene to vanish from my mind, in
the associations raised by the frightful contrast. Tor-
rents of cinders gave a broken, gloomy, and ragged a|>-
pearanee to much of the rich and cultivated country
which lay before me. Signor Abbate, who accompanied
lis, pointed out a small villagi', whose tiite may better
exemplify the ctfects of the ealamity I was deploring,
than any description of mine. The village had contained
one hundred and lirty men, with their wives and children.
From the smallncss of the ehurcli these were com|Kllcil
to attend divine; service at different times. 'i"he women
had gone and returnicl first as usual, and the men oc-
cupied their places; but scarcely hail they assembled,
when an earthquake occurred, which destroyed the
priest and the wlioU" of the eongregntion — absolutely not
one man in the village esea|ied! My inlbrniant added thai
the poor women ln'ing left destitute, (here I ex;N'Cted a
talc of distress,) resorted to another parish, to recruit
for fresh hiisbanils ; " for what," said he, " could they do,
hut settle themselves again in matrimony as soon as pos-
sible?"
If the ride to (iiarra was delightful, I nmst search for
some stronger word to express the enjoyment I derived
from our journey to Fiumi di Nisi, during which every
variety ol the grand ond the lovely in pros|)cet was
offered to our view. The route generally lay between the
sea on the right hand and the range of mountains on the
lel>, on whose sides were, ns usual, scallered numerous
white villages, with churches and convents, all seated
amidst the most luxuriant vegetation; and, here and
there, on the very summit of a lofty monnl^un, was
|)orclied a castle, to all appearance inaccessible. The
town ot' Mola is situated on the top of an immense rock.
We had to ascend towards it in order to reach Tauromi-
nium, which is itself one thousand two Imndred feet
higher than the level of the sea — still Mola towereil far
above us. Taurominium (an aniphithcotre both by na-
ture and art) justifies nil the praises which have been
lavished on it by travellers, lor the views from it combine
all lliiit is magnificent in scenery. I can imagine no-
thing finer in Europe, — I had almost suid in the world.
I Our lodging at the hamlet of Fimni di Nifi«,,f'
hiiinble as can Im- imugined ; every thing uan |iriiiii!i"
." •• •■"••h"" ■.' K "u' Iirininn,
xcc pi the tiispositiiiii to overelmrge, which hih,,,].
lavi' the iisnni advantage of moilrrn impri.veiiKnt.
A liiaiitirnl ride ol'iighteen miles, equally Idul, ,,,|
lat descrilM'd alMive, lireiight ns to .Messina. 'Ihi i,
ir of travelling prevented our making imieh priiT. ,.
jr the mules seldom go out of a walk, and this iiiii|„V
-lough it may np|M'i.r tedious to thoscr aeciistdind i'
:ravel |iost, afi'ords the best means of seeing ||ie (i,,,, j,
lo advantage; iiidiid theeliinate is fo delightl'iil, ,iiii| n;
larions views so attractive, that one ceases to vi js), i
irrcatcr celerity. At the time we were in .>>ieilv the , ,,1,
idmitted of no other mode of conveyance, if I in.in ,ii
Jiy the name of roads, |iallis through rocks, Im iIh „(' |„,
rents, and any places, in liict, over which the imiliii i,,,,,!
serainble, though frequently Ihe way lay o\er trat.,
lowiis and llowery plains, and the sands and sliiin-lcj,,.,
he sen shore. The coininunic-aliou, however, »i|| |,
■liortly improved, tiir in mnny p.nrli above nnr liinci* I
V the people employi-d in ll' c instruction ol' j „,,
.•arringe road eqnal to any in lial,'. It is to ran [}„,.,
Syracuse through i\l( ssina lo Palermo ; nr.d with tin rj. i
vaiitaee of the slenm vessel, which plies between .\si|,
anil the latter place, this road will render Sicily as .ik.,.
silile and as civilised ns any other part ol" w,ut|.ini
Kurope — still I should lie loth to adopt a mnre rriln,!
modi' of travelling in exchange for the airy ond im!,.
|K-ndenl one I have described.
If Messina were not so well known, I slioiilii ili|,i,.
upon the splendour of its situation and the eiicbiilinj
iK-anty ol'ils harbour and environs. The city ilselflms:
gay apjH'arance, and Ihe buildings, many of llii in (|ii;i. i
new, give one hopes that it has ri.^eii ugiiin to n|iii|(ii,,,
and that the calainilon:) effects of the last eartliiiuoii
have ceased to be li'lt.
ClI.M'TlOi; XVIIl.
liiilmitvniir.n on a Sjn riinnrn fur Sajcrim— ( liarj!L(;t._p.i.,|..n,„
I'utll|.lU.
rnfavonrable neeonnts of Ihe rond, and the incrnMi.
heat of the wentlier, iiidnced us to abandon our inlintiwi I
of visiting Palermo ; and we rcsolvi d on going dirci tlv ig I
.Naples. No packets or large vessels being prniMniiilo, I
we were eompelled lo hire n speronaro — a sin.illluli''
decked boat, rowed by ten men ; and though ( i.nsiilcmu j
ecure eonveyanee, yet no Iniat of cneli a si/.i- iinil mn.
struclion eoiibl either ho sali' or ngreeable en llii'(i|i(ii
seas. The neeommodntion wn.s so limited, that a t'CHlIc I
nan who had aecoinpaiiied us from Syiaeuse (mil Jim
space to creep into a hole below deck, while wc sproH I
our bedding above; a canvass awning In ing the mlv I
shelter tVoiu Ihe rain and spray. On the l|i|h of A|in!, I
we left .Messina, and pi.ssed lliro\ig|i the Fans'Mlli f.in \
and tavonrable breeze. 'I'here was nothing idarniini;i
crossing the famous whirlpool, which has long siiirc Ki I
its dangerous character ; but the spirit of tlii,t |Kr>pn
must indeed lie dull who could be rocked on the wiw I
ofCharyMis without hearing in imagination the linrlin; I
of Scylla, and while bounding over a sea coiifccniltillv [
the fa.scination of classical embellishment, fail to Wita
niatcil by recollcclions fraught with every object ofiiiii
rest and admiration.
Towards evening, we passed near Stronilm'i, vliirh, 1
though then burning, we did not think it worth wliilolo I
visit, hut desired onr captain, as the wind was frcslHiiinf, I
o shape his eourfe for Piestiim. Prclcnding, limvcvrr. [
that the breeze would not admit of our making the Ltlfr I
place, he touched at Acropolis, a curious town, heilt on J [
precipitous rock, vvliieh prescnlH n hohl and siiigulartp- 1
pearance from the sea. We had intended to procicdbt I
"and to Pn!s.tuin, but so exorbitant a price was dcniniiiliiJ I
for the mules, that we determined to go by water to .*«•
lerno, a measure I heartily repented of at llie tiinf.i! I
the wind had increased to a gnle, but which, wlunnf I
had landed in safity, and all our perils were at on ii)ii,I I
was glad had liecn adopted. It ntVorded us the o|i|iortn.
nily of seeing the Bay of Salerno in perfection. Tlif I
town, built hall-way up a mountain — itssuniiiiit, rrown«i [
with an ancient tortress of the most picturesque »liii|ii- I
Aeroiiolis towering on the neighltouring height, iiiiil raii' I
traslcd with the temples of Pn'stmn, on the low, (lamp I
plain, formed, on the whole, a view scarcely lo 1« I
quailed hy Naples itself. |
At day-break next morning, we set off lor rmsluni, i" I
a carriage drawn in the ancient style, by four hwfn I
abreast — (our boat also was drawn up on the beiii li, >' il I
it had licen under tin' orders of Pnlinurns ;) ami nllir tl'f I
ing there a eonple of hours, wu iclurned loSilprnoill
eight o'clock. 1 was gratified by the excursion, ncrl '■
jiirli, |»rh ips, trim
J. !'r I" ii'L' ill.le
,,i„,iiini iiN we ImiI
I 11,1V veiiliiie tiisii'
„i ,'ir.prl lo bestmv
frMm,
1,,'avinL' ■'^■leniii,
•.Tilery, I s.K'ei ill
;i,i,T»;«'rsed with wo
|j( |ilinte.l in deep
>i.iirtiini"< cut in the
ihniT (iiir Ik ads.
r>'i<, liijiiiies, and tl
ririls»ilh their viii
«i lujli isipl.irs, Isii
T.'ii'l"-"* of '"'Cava
.Vl'.ir dilfirent sci
l«ii; lint as there wi
Hiirn, .mil a large a:
»i<ili-apiMiiiited by '
I jsolatiuii which oil)
liitiic hnsy <l'ii of the
ImiviT, llie ilhisioi
(iiurso, niiieli of siir|i;
llil.< iliseiitoinhed eit
Sliidin nl Naples, I li
rt!ii'ivi"iJ there fiom
ulijiTls of ihat exicn;
.Vii|il('s is not seei
J T'lrliri, but it is sti
iJMrijitiiiiH usually g
CI
I .Vsjilr*— V( STlviiln — Ili-sl
rmili— .Ailiiitrnlifi' niiiin
(|.i:i' r.ljime in tin- pnii
K\!^M\ Ciiil.t''— Itnfriiii
<liiirrli al \a|iteA.
.\'mv that I have
I li'jii'ii gri)Uiid of .\;
I t!ir'iii::li(iiil iimch ahr
I niv'tiliiin, iiiiist be sti
If^i'l'iil mil to expntial
r<pi.illy to avoid ir
I MiJ. St.irlic has apfiro
I Kill! eatiTtaining (nii
I ili'iii.il, however, to dis
I lis iiiiiiiniernble iHMUlii
At (lie lime I visiteii
J li:ii)iiil, and afforded
lllipiiiinniil merely for
||»<'l, in.iy have th.it pi
I md a litll" iH'yond the
llhf limt of the moimtai
I licit from the Convent
I ii my jnilifineiit, must
Itlnuliicli I heard is at
■ doll.
In ray rambleti, I stc
Itflk', In fee |)oor Kui
I nioiiuiiii'nt liir a man
1 1» roiniiiil us bow sever
I vli'i, iiiitwithstaiiding 1
|lnitsanmsi'mentnnd i
Tlirrliiirch of.San S
Imjiijolrnin of the .Sat
I hnld pieces of statua
Id'lailid necount than
I Mtnlosty, covered whol
Iin't; mill a rccumlxnt I
liwi-snll iinngination 1
I mirabic expression. T
llli'motlierof Dmi Rai
Ifiliibilod ill Ihe second
1" llio vanities of the wc
||WM<dbya(;eniusdi.'
I Tlir first of these ma
IQiPirnln; the second I
I iliiril stjliie also, but w
mfinM.irtino; the la
Tlicrr is also in the t
I fisfn di Snngro, rcpresi
I JfiOTir, anil grasping o
I ^ (lead, mill cau.sed 1
I mni which he issued a
I Mprrparid enemies.
1 .1' is fiaiil, that tl
IWiflimon nnelevateii
I'wn. nwos its constrii
l«;ncc,;_Tlw late kii
liJIiaaccu ill, England,,
•I',
.VKS. MMIIXtJTO.VH N.VnilATlVI':.
207
ri(i «ui" |iriuniui
|iri,viiMiiil.
luiilly l(i\ilj «,,j|
•siiM. 'I'liciiiit.
i; llllich pro;;' ,.
and Ihis mcii,,,,^
M) IICCURl(il||ld 1,1
'I'ini; llip Kpui.in
li'lit'lill'iil, !ii„| ii,
I'nsc'M til viMi |,,
in Siiilv lliiTi.ii.
lice, if I may ,.„||
iii-ks, Ih (In i)i' (,„.
Il tlu' IIIUICH (iili.il I
liiy «\vt trHK,
Is mill slini|;li,„',
linwniT, will I,
liiivc our hiaii. |
nii'tii.ii 111' a II' V
It i» 111 run Irii:!
; iil'.il with Ih, :|i.
•a hi'lHirn N,.||,,
rr Sicily us au. ,.
part 111' wiiiil.irii
il a iiiiirr rrl;riMl
10 airy and im!..
vn, I vliniild ilihir
1(1 tlic niclrMiliii;; I
111' I'ily ilsriri:i<] I
my 111' till III i)t[;
uiriiiii 111 n|iiilriir
II' last carlhi|ii:l,« I
hiitjluli.— r!>i,;m- I
(iiul ll;r inrrri>ii;
ikIoii uur iiilriiliiiii I
III Koinu ilirri lly to I
I liiiiiK |irniMnJilf, I
|iuro — a Hiiiall Inl;'-
iini;;li M»nsiilrrr(i a |
II n fhc anil fun-
ralilr lui llii* ojku |
iliil, llial a cfHllr.
*yriH-iiM' linil jiisi I
, wliili' wo spriril I
III Iniii^r Ihi' nnlv I
ilic llillinf A|.ri!,|
c Karn.^illi r. Irt f
liiii;; aliiriniiii;i
las lopj; siiirc Wi I
rit o!" that pirFPr
kill on llir «in>s |
nation the liartin;
!ca riinsi'criiltil ln' |
III, tail to lie arii-
ry object ol'inlc
Striiniholi, wliirh, I
it worlli wliilolo|
(I was frolidiiiif,
Oll(lill(,f, limvtKT,
inakiiif; llir l^tl'i I
s tnnn, Iniill on > I
and piiiEalar If- 1
dod to iiriicrod bt I
ico was ilcainiiiltii I
o hy wnlir to >«• I
of nl llir lime, ai
which, whin Iff I
were at on iiiil, 1 1
d lis the n[i|iorlii-
IKTHclioii. Tlie I
siinimil, rrn»n«i |
turcsqiic dlian-
g heiijlil, mill iw'
on the kiw, damp I
sciircily l« 1« I
nifli. |"''"1''' '■'"'" ""' '■'Jf''' "1 111'" lllll|ili'sll,rlllM Ivi'S,
-11 triiiii li'iiiir aid"' til l•oIll^a^t IItiii willi llir stn{*i'iiiluiih
in.niiiKiil^ ^^<' li'iil l.iU'ly scrii ; ami, williiiiil atl'i d ilion,
I n.iv vciiliiii' I" s.'iy, llrit llic i');ry|ili.iii tr.ivilliT finds il
in rdiin tu licsliiw ^rrrat adiniruliuM on tlu: ruins i>l'
Pj-^Iiiiii.
1,,'avin^' •'^■lirnn, wc passed llirnn;:li the most lovely
1.TIHTV, I -iH'ii illy altoiit Im ('.iv.i. Il.iii;riiijr cardeiis,
la'tTi^iTsi'-l willi w'iiimIs anil niniiini; slnaiiis, Hiinii'tinies
|jy |il:iiiled in deep raviiii's liclnw Ilic level of Hie mail,
jiaiiliines cut in tile sides of the inoiiiitaiii, towered lii^jli
,|„vcniir 111 ads. A lilllo liirtlier were fields of lieaiis,
iri<, hiiiiiies, and the most lirilliaiil clover; while vine.
vi'Js"i''i ''"'il' vines (Tiaicfiilly trained to tin lirniiclies
„l' liijh |Hipl.irs, Isirderiil the road as tiir as i'oiii|'eii.
JV lii.'-s 111' l>a Cava is indeed one of t'liry land.
Vl'ar diirereiil scene awaited ns in the ruins of I'oni-
niii; lull as there were niaiiy worknieii cinplnyed in re-
luirs, aiid I' l.irj;e and Imisteroils party preeetliil); UK, I
«.i>iii-Hi|i|<ointeil hy tlu: iiiterriiptioii to the slilliiesH and
I ■nialiuii whieli oii^lil to furiii miicIi a peculiar contrast
I iiiliii' liiisy din of the inhabited world around. .\ltlii>U|r|i,
Ifiivtvir, llie illiisiiiii was destroyed, still tliero was, ol
I (iiarsf, iniieli of siirpassiiij; interest in the cxaiiiiiiation of
I di»eiiliiinheil eily ; and mi Mibseipieiitly visilinsr Ibe
I <iiidin at Naph's, I fniind the bron/es and oilier arliehs,
i.Mimii) there fioiii I'nn |>('ii, by I'ar (lie most cuiioii.s
I iihiirls of that e.vtciisive and valniiMo cnlleclioii,
N'a|ili's is not seen tn advanta{r(! in coinini; tliroii<;li
I I'nrlin, hut it is slill a i;raiid sight ; iiiid justifivii the
df-ctijiliiini usually given of it.
ciiAPrnR XIX.
I \-,,iJp«_Vi siiviii^ — llfsl ilrws (if Mil* rily II rid Ilio b.iy — EuHlnre'..
' [.Hiili-Aillll'ialili' ^iiiliiJiiy in Ihc rhnfi-li nl" San Ht-'vem— .^.luT-
il.ilrr' 'iili^e l" lln' pa'aii- nl' ra)Nt ill Miin'ii—I 'III inns i*iii|iielti-
NiS.mrai!"'-— Intciiiiiiiy of luiliaii t-iii{,'i'i-s m Italy — .Nii tliiglih'
• Irarrli al Na|ili«.
Xmv that I have lirouglit my narrative so far an the
I l<Qlia pniiind of Naples, my pi i\ ilegc of descriplion,
I llinmi;li'ml iiiiieli abridged that I might not weary by
I iriKliti'in, niiist be still finllicr curtailed ; and I shall be
Irri'liil not lo expatiate on topicH already familiar, and
Kpially In avoid intruding into tli.it province which
J Mt*. ."'I.irke lias appropriated to lierH'll', by her accurate
Itiul ciitirtaining (iiiidelHiok. It reipiires hoiiic self-
I diiiiil, however, to dismiss N.iplcs witJiout dn-vlling on
I ilj iiiiiuinerable iM'antir!),
At llie lime I visited Vjsuvhis, the crntrr was quite
I lr:ii jiiil, and alforded little interest. Those who iwcciul
lllir<iiiiiiiiit merely for the pur|H)sc of enjoying the pros
I [fl, may have that pleaNiirc without any labuiir on the
1 mid a litll" beyond the IlcriniUagc, a short distance from
I ihr I'liol of the mountain. There is, indeed, ii still better
I tiew from the ("onveiit of St. Martin ; but tlic one which,
I il my jiidirinent, must be KU|H<rior to any in Naples, is
I that which I heard is afforded from tlic terrace of Cuiual-
I doll.
In my ranibles, I stepped into the Church of Lc Cro-
I tr\V; tn fee |)oor Kustace'a tomb. It is but a luinible
I Bioiiuinent fiir a man so distinguished, yet it may serve
jtorfiiiiiiil lis how severe the world has liccn towards one
I ilii, iiolwilhstanding his errors, has greatly contributed
|lnils aniiiseincnt and inslnictioii.
Till' cliiireh of. San Severo, which is little more than a
Imsiisoli'iiin of the .Sangro family, (.ontains three cele-
I build pirns of statuary, of which I obtiiined a more
lil'tailiii nrconnt than I have seen el.'cwlicrc ; one of
iMoiWi
IufI
'J-
ff lor ra"sli:in, i"
e, by four ho"".
in the heiuli. " "
s;l niHlnlliTflT
•d to Silrrno il |
c.tcuri ion, iitl '■
oilroly, coviTi'd wholly with a veil ; a man caught in a
'I; and a reciimlM-nt hgiirc of a dead Christ, which sur-
Ipssrsall iiiiaginalion by its exquisite sculpture and ad-
Imirabli- expression. The first statue is said to reprosent
I ilii" nmtlier of Unn Raiinondo di .Sangro, who himself is
Inliibilod ill the second, as one undeix'ived with rcsiioct
I Iodic vanities oftlic world by his liclter reiison, hero e.\-
Iprfwcd liy a (;enius disentangling a man from a net
I Till- first of these masterpieces is by n tienoese iiameil
jQirimlo; the second by Corrmlino, who designed the
lihirdnlaliie also, but which was executed atVer his dcatJi
IV'SinMartino; the last is transcendent.
I Tlicrr is also in the church a monument of Don Fran-
jnsnidi Sangro, represented as rising out of a chest, in
I ariiiniir, anil grasping a drawn sword. He pretended to
I w dead, nnil caused liimHcIf to lie inclosed in a vault,
I ftoni which he issued at night to take vengeance on liis
I unprrparcd enemies.
I It is said, that the Palace of CaiKj di Monte,
IWiflinon nnelev.ited simt about two miles from tlio
Iwn, nwfs its conslriiction to the following circum-
l»jmo5;_T|m late king of Naples having, while in
lanncc with England, acted against us in a hostile man-
111"-, a 111 1 1 was fii.t to ri'ipiiie Hnlisf'ailii.ii. 'I he niliiii-
r.il i; rw irili il hii ih ; paleln-s i.n sliire by an i tVn it, w illi
iii-i lii.nslii lirii g li.ii'k a jiruprr iiiiswer I.eliiie llie l.ipM
l' an liNiir. 'J he Niap^dilaiis wniiii d lo pri vi lit iiis
l.iiiiliiig, bill 111' pi'iuli d lo the guns (il'llie adiiiirars ship,
and was iillc.wi li lnpn;.;. ,\ii oni' eoiihl be prrsii:;ileil li
take liis de.'pnieliis to the Seerilary liir Koriign All'airs.
who w:;o iii llie eniiiieil eI:iiiiilK'r. 'llie i lliier earrieil
llieiii lliiilnr lii;iiM II", hill was told the (iinneil was silting,
and eiM'lil i.ul be illsturlH il ; \\ lien iip"ii he npiiieil llir
iliiiir, anil ili Im nil Ilieiii w illi his ovii hand.-, 'llie kii:;;
and eoiiiii'il diiiiiirnil — liny wire told llie giiniinflhi
lleel wiiiili! open on the town when the liinir was ex-
pireil. Hi iiig witlnuit ri suiini', llie eniiei s-ii.ii ili inaiiileil
was agreed to, and Ihe king gave iirdiTS for biiililiiig tin
palace at Capodi .Monte, that be llli^'lll at li.ist have a reii-
deuce beyond the reach of the Itiltisli caiilinn.
A piece of eliipii lie wliieli prevails at llie theatre of
San Carlos is sullieieiitly curious, if any of the rnyil
nnnily ia' present, none of the audience ti.-^tify the least
appriiliatiiiii of the pcrforniaiiie till a slight niotinn ol
the august hands gives the sigiii.l for applause. It was
anii.siiig to see all lycs dilieled to the royal box, when
there was a disposition in the house to applaud, and to
IH-reeive how freijiieiitly the dii'J^ing of the illustrioiiH re-
feree defeated their good intenliuiis. Any expression ul
disapprobation Is strictly prohibited.
In Italy, I had t'ully ex|M'eled to Ih: delighted hy hear-
ing the iinisie of il.s best masters, sung by |Krlorniers
U'st qnalifu'd to do il justice ; — hut in this I was greatly
disappointed. Tlu're were no good voealists; iviii al
San f^arlos, and at the Scala, al .'Milan, the two liinsl
theatres in the world, the prima (lipiiiias were deeidiilly
inferior, and would scariely have Ikcii listened to at the
Knglish Opera. Geiieially speaking-, indeed, the abseiiei-
of iniisie, es|H'cially in the streets, is n niarkable throiiyli-
out Italy. As the so\'ereigns are the principal eontriliu-
tors to the tlieatrcs, |i<rlia|is the Il.ilialis are less fasti-
ilious tlian they were lorinerly, Ik iiig contented to ae-
eept an inlirior aiiiiisi iiient at a sinaller price. 'I lie triu
reason, however, probably is, that wealthier nations can
nlliird lo give gnater reniiiiieraliun lo piolessimial
lalint, and llnis I'lilyliymnia is brilieil lo desert her once
favoured land. On asking liir the Knglish i liureli, I wn .
lold there was none. N it beeaiise llierc was any olijic-
tion on the part of the .Neapolilaiis — not becaii.su there
was any defieiency of Protestants in the city — not he-
cause there were wantiiig eljrgyinen anxious for the np-
pointnu'iit; but because the iiumeroiis Knglish residents
and visiters would not coiitril.iito towards paying the
moderate .salary of a chaplain, one moiety ol which the
llritish giivermnenl has consented to defray. The ron-
sul-geiur.il had eiideavouicd to overcome this indifl'er
ence on the part of our countrymen, and his failure, it
must be rclnetantly allowed, remoinu u blot on tlie na
tional rcsiH.'ctabiUty.
CIIAI'TER XX.
Pontine Marshes — Pi>strni-ilnni)r early iiliisitiiifl tty Mr. Nielnilir—
Aiilllor's ailininiliiin nf Kniiie iiniinpaireil liy lin\tiit: pteNiiiiiiilj
viditrd Kiiyiit— nel'ari'iiii'iii of piihlic Mion'uniciUH — Hospice ii'f
Hi. Ilernaiil — Iti'tnrn to Kniiliiiiil.
Having fairly commenced our Italian journey, we tiis-
missed all our heavy baggage, as Ihe country through
which we had to pass would render it su|K-rlluous,
though, notwithstanding the luxuries wliieh Knglish tra-
vellers had for some ye.irs introdnei d, I found at many
stages pudding dishes for basins, and a variety of other
such e.\|icdients prevailing. On criwsing the I'online
INIarshes, the postilions drove us slow ly, because we re-
fused them double fees. These fainnns marshes, however,
ap|ieared not iiiueh more formidable to me than the llar-
rack|mro road near Calcutta, when the rice grounds on
each side are overflowed anil stagnant.
On our entrance into AIbano,wc passed a ruin hitherto
siip|H)sed to he the tomb of the Curiutii. Must we have
all our pleasing, youthful fancies and nssoeialions dis-
jielled by Mr. Niebiihr's solwr wand of truth'? — I now
consider it an advantage to have tr-ivellcd through the
country before having heard of his Imok, and lo have
Ik'Cii enabled to yield, without suspicion, to long esta-
blished illusions regarding the acts imd fortunes of many
celebrated men, whom his un|>octical erudition lins proved
to have Imd existence only in fiction.
Afler visiting the lake, we reached Rome, alioiit one
o'clock, passing on the approach to our inn IhcColisriim,
the Koruni, the eoliimiis of 1'rajnn and Antoninus, and
other interesting objects, impress* d ii|)on our niinils t'roin
the earliest |M'riod of our youth; and the sight of which,
even in more sober age, made my heart lieat with en.
thusiasni.
The iinlliiir of the " Knglish in ll..ly" takes an op|Kir.
Iniiily of eiiiiiii'iiiiiinir the airiilallon of those tra\i Hers,
w Im, |ia\iiii.r sisileil KgypI, pn li ml In liinl iiolhing in.
Il ri :liiig ill the " Kli riial ( ilv." In this iiislaiiee I shall
not iiMiii iiiiih r his eiiiMiii, li>r I do not hisilnle lo snv,
lliat ;.'.li r nil lb. — oiiders of l.i.'y|.l, and atli r raising iiiy
aniii ipatioiis to the liighi st pileli, Itoiiie still snrpassi d
my iiiiisl i\ag:;er.ilid e\|< elalions. I vmild iii.l, liiiw-
ivi r, ol'i'enil my iiiiiienl I'lVnurili s in I'gypl, bv eom.
paring tin in to nlijeds .sn dlssiinilar. Honie anil Kg\ pt
iuae iri'li llieir pienli.ir beaulirs, mid one may enjoy the
ill lii.'lit of lia\ iiig sei II liolli, withoiil eiiti ring on tJie nn-
salisliiitory task of ronlrast.
'Ihe lale pope was most ineiitnrii.Usly r< gardl'iil of llio
I leanliiiess of Ihe rapitnl, niiil thus eiialili il visiters nut to
restrict their adniiralion to the nneii nl eily alone, but to
extend il lo Ihe inoilern iiiiprovemer.ts, iKiiiii i| in tho
I'liihi llislinii lit of ehiirehes and the opining of iiiw foiiii.
tains. lie also lilierally coiitrihiili d to the he;. lib and
eomfiirt of llie |>iople, by eniii| deling extensive walks and
drives, eoiniiieiieed hy the I'reiieh, (Ilial of .Moiinl riiieio
parlieidarly) — but above all, his seriipiilinis prist rvalion
and repair of every ancient relic ili iiiaiid our gralituile.
Kroni Koine we passed throiigli I'lorence, to I'isa, a city
which iiili rested ine next to Rome ilself.
At Leghorn I discovered our first approach to a vi-
cinity crowded by sailors and a lower class of Knglish,
not ahmc from the appearance of their ships, and tlioir
activity on the quay, but from the habits of deslrnctivc-
iicss .'o peculiar to the nation, an organ wliicli I am
sine Spiirzheini woidd lind liiyhly developed in most of
our eoiiiiliymen.
\V|ii|e nilniiring the beautiful colossal figures in
bronze attached to lo the statue of I'erilinand 1., which
stands in the dick yard, I observed that they were in
some plaiis indeiiled, and covered with iiinil. On in-
i|uiriiig the cause, I was inli)riiied that this violence was
atlrihulcd lo llio lOoglish saili.rs, iiiaiiy of whose mis-
siles, in the slinpe of stones and hriekhals, were lying
around. Il is loo wi II known that this propensity of
our country men to mischief is not exercised in liiieigii
lands only, and it furnishes the sole e.vciisc liir shutting
lip our chilli lies and pnblie edifices, a practice so uni-
versally coiideiiined by liireigners ; — btil who can won-
der al these rcslriclions, alter seeing placards oflixid in
the melro|ioli8 itself, denoniicing pnnishnient against
those who wontonly dofaee ils cinlKllishnicnts, and
v\'ould even demolish the iiionunients of national irrati-
tilde ?
Hy a far ditrcrenl feeling is the Italian ncliinlcd.
There is not a Koiiian who docs not consider St. Peter's
as his own. I.ct llin slighlesl disrespect be shown to-
wards it, or thcsinallesl injury olVereil to its ornaments,
or to those of any luiilding in the city, and ho would re-
sent il as a |iersonal insult, and consider it his own po-
culiar misfortune.
Leaving Leghorn, wo v\cnt lo Lucen, Spezzia\Cenoa,
and Nice, 'i'licnco crossing the Col di Tenda, by the
magniliccnl and lovely road lately opened for posting,
wo came to Turin, Milan, Coino, and Kngo Moggioru,
and crossing the Simplon, arrived, by the woy of Mar-
ligni, at Geneva. From (Jeiieva I ascended to Cha-
inoiini and Montanverl, the .Mer de (JIacc, and crossed
the Col do llaline, back to Marligni. 1'liencc wc thought
il necessary lo make an excursion lo the great St. Uor.
nanl, which I shall mention somewhat more al large,
and perhaps spaie nlbers, who may tbrni romanlic pie-
uoncoptioiis, the disappointment 1 experienced; liir
great purl of tho road is dreary, without aHording any
grand prospccis, and tho cslablishnient al the llospico
partakes so much of a secular and every day character,
that I do not think the interest of the journey cuinpcn-
sates for ils length and fatigue.
The monks being at prayers when wo arrived at tho
Hospice, wo were introduced hy a servant into a com-
forluble room, wheie wc were Bhorlly joined by tho
Pcro Keonoinc. After some conversation, he took us a
short and dreary walk lo Iho chapel and the clmrnel
bouse, where the Imdics of strangers who have perished
in the snow are dcjiositcd. There had been no accidonlH
of this kind during the past year, and I could only pcr-
u'ive, by llio mumonlary glance I took of the mournful
reco|itaele, a mass of skeletons and mouldering remains.
I 8us|)ecl, indeed, the circcls of the climate in preserving
the features for many years from Iteration or decom-
position have been grcilly exaggerated, if Ihcy do not
* Tho road from Spczzia to Genoa was still, in many
parts, in a very rugged slate, but I think fur surpasses
in subliniily that over the Siuiplon.
'^ii.^«.
. '^'^
'^'^
■' '"'4
M
., >
288
MRS. LL'SIIING TON'S NARRATIVE.
■f. ^r5l^•^f■''^■
•s..
. •*.(
»r;
l> i:-
exiHt ull<)i:<'lli<>r In llio iiiiu^'iiiuti<iri ul' novelists. I toiiiid
tlio r£rn lOcniLiiiiit.- quite n inuti of tlio tvorld in Ills dls-
coiirsn aiul inininors. On niir rrlurn tVoin witlklfi^, lie
prodncid snnio music Ixioks, li-d ino to lln" piaiio, and
took 11 cliair liv my sidi>, niid I never llioufrhl rnyscit
more out of pl.irf llian when 1 liehold a monk of St. Ucr>
nard in liis lii;:li lil.ick cap, and in llio dtess of his order,
bcnihnir over the notes of the instrument at which 1 wati
seated.
It heiiij a fist-day, the other lirolhren excused thcni-
Belves, and we sit down to dinner, which consisted ol
the iisuiil in^reillriits ol'maiijre day, with him alone.
nuriup the liivourahle season, scnrrcly a day pisses
without visiters; there have sometimes been liirly at
oneo. ?n prool'orihis I may mention, that on our re-
turn home we met twelve persons on their way to the
Hospiee. In coiise(iuenie ol this inlinx oTynesIs it has
become necessary to enlurp;o the huildliiL', whieli hiis
now the appearance ot'un hotel, and is attended by u
waiter and achamU'r-maid. 'I'ho only ditlbreneo i.s, that
one goes through the tiirm of dining with the monks,
and receiving, under the semtilaiice of obligation, the
hospilalily for wlmli the convent is amply repaid. When
there are female guests, the monks usually Join them at
meals, in the strangers" parlour ; ollierwiso, llic gentle-
men ure admiit..^d into the rolbctory. So much has it
eomo to I.e considered in the liglu of an inn, that some
|iersons have been guilty of the indecorum of expressing
u desire to dine alone, vvliieh was very properly refused
on the part of the monks, with whom it is a rule that
one at least sliouid preside in the visiters' rmim.
St. Hi'rnard is a depindenee of the Augustine monas-
tery, at .Martigni. None but young and robust men re-
aide at the Hospice, and as they Iwconie old or unfit to
withstand the inclemency of thi' mountain climate, Ihey
are tranferred ti«lhe establishment Ulow. The monks
of the order have the privilege of writing directly to the
pope, are permitted to drink wine, and to read newspa-
pers and boiiksof misci'llaiieoiis literature to amuse their
solitude. Having so miiih society and so many indiil
gences, the condlliun of these monks is, probably, on the
whole, more comfort able than that of their brethren in
many other convents.
The old breed of dogs is all but extinct. The new
ones do not |K>ssess the s.iiiie l.irge head and double nose,
hut are slid to Iw enually sagacious; and the activity of
the brethren is as seduhius as ever in seeking out |«'rsons
lost in the snow, and though the loss of lives has not of
late bi'en so fre'|uent, the establishment is still eminently
useful to trav. Hers. The (•■invent registiT contains a
touching ackiii>wledgirieut of one of these from Turin,
who fell down from exhaustion for the fiHirth time just
at the door of the Hospice, when lie was accidentally
|)rrci'ived and rii nvcrei..
The neighhonring peasantiy, who fre(iiiinlly miss
their way in traversing the mountains, expcrienee the
kindest treatment from the monks, who, thniigh they re-
ceive, as is but fair, cont.'ihutions from opulent visitants,
extend their henevolence gratuitously to the |M)or.
.\l)er leaving S.iinI Ileroard, we traversed the greater
part of Switzerland, ascending the (Jrimscl and Uiglii.
Our courr-e then took us to Lyons, and al)er a short slay
at I'aris, I rciclied Kngland early in Si>pteinlM!r, It^'i^,
having been ulnive eleven niontlis on my varied and most
interesting journey.
The foregoing pages eonl4iin so many proofs of the
faeililv with which the overland journey is pi'rformeil,
and ot' the gratltieatinii wliicli rewards the midertaking,
that il seems now superlliioiis for the author to declare
her decided preferuice of it to the se i voyage rniiiid the
Cipe. While peai'e coiiliniies with the Turks, there can
be no just ground lor upprehending molestation on their
part; but, on the contrary, every drgree ofeoiirli'sy may
1)0 expected from the li'gyplian govemineiit. 'I'hi shoals
of the Ued Sea and the storms of the Alediterraiiean are
not iisiiallv considered so lormid.ible as the Imrriraiies of
the Mauritius, anil the gales otl'the ('a|H' of (io-id Ho|k'.
The ex|H'iise of the o\erlaiid passage is luiii h less, liir il
is not necessary to consume one half of the time which
the author dlil in K.'ypt and the eoiitineiil of IOur«|ie.
Krom the inoinent ol'entrrmg a ship for the ('a|H' voyage,
until its termination at the end of lour or live months,
Iiersons are unavoidahly subjected, whalever may Ih' the
lindness of the eominander, to restraint and inactivity;
but, on the other liaml, the passage up the Ued .Simi hav-
log belli ilVi'i till, all then |s novelly, interest, and enjoy,
mi'lit.
^ )i j) r n Q t ]i: .
The following extracts from the works of Hamilton
and Richardson, relative to the principal buildings in the
author's route through Kgyptare inserted, as likely to be
aci:eptable to the homewaril boiinil Iriivcller. The most
essential parts only, however, have been given, iinJ refer-
ence must bo had to tiie originals for more detailed iii-
formaliun.
It seems to be still doubtful on which side of the Nile
Thebes l'ro)wr was situated. On the right bank are the
ruins of the temples of I.iixor and t'urnac, and on the
lell the palace of .Medinet Halwo, the burying places of
the kings and queens, Klick, the Memnonium, and the
cataeoinbs of (ioiirnoo, all of which in-ty be included
under the term Thebes.
LUXOR.
[Ilainilinn's t:i:yi>nnra, p. 114.]
" In approaching this temple from the north, the first
object is a iiiagnilieeiit propylon, or gateway, which is
two hundreil leet in h'lig'.li. -.Tid the top of it litly-seven
lect alHive the present leve' of the soil. In front of the
entruiice ure the two most [le.fect obelisks in the world,
each of a single block of red granite, from the quarries
of Klephanline ; they arc between seven and eight feet
square at the base, and above eighty feet high ; many of the
hieroglyphical tignrcs with which they are covered are an
inch and three ciuartcrs deep, cut with the greatest nicety
and precision. Ilotween tie so olK'lisks and the propylon
are two colossal statues, also of red granite; though
buried in the ground to the chest, they still measure
twenty-one nnd twenty-two feet from thence to the top
of 'heir mitres. The attention of the traveller is soon
diverted from these masses, to the sculptures which
cover the eastern wing of the north front of the propylon,
on which is a very animated description of a remarkable
event in the campaigns of some Osyinandryas or Sesos-
tris." The "ruined (mrlicn," which is entered from the
gateway, is of " very large dimensions" [p. ll'.l ;] " from
this n double row ot seven columns, with lotus capitals,
two and thirty feet in circumference, conducts you into
a court, one hundred and sixty tecl long, and one hundred
and forty wide, terminated at each side by a row of
columns, U'yond which is another portico ol thirty-two
columns, and the adytum, or interior apurtments of the
building."
[Illi'ieiriliinn's Travels, vol. il. p. !>i.]
"The temple of Luxorwas probably built on the banks
of the Nile lor the convenience of sailors and wayfaring
men : where, without much loss of time, they might
s'op, say their prayers, present their otTeriiigs, &.c.
Great and magniticent as it is, it only serves to show lis
the way to a iiiiieh greater, to which it is hardly more in
eompiirison than a kind of porter's lodge ; I mean the
splemlid ruin of the temple at t'arnac. The distance
I'roin Luxor to I'arnac is about a mile and a half, or two
miles. The whole road was formerly lined with a row
of sphinxes on each side. At present these are entirely
covered up for about two thirds of the way, on the end
nearest to Luxor. On the latter part of the road, near to
t'arnae, a ro.v of eriosphinxes (that is, with a rani's
head and a lion's body) still exist on eueli side of the
way."
I'ARNAC.
[Ilniililtiin, |i. I'.s.'.J
"The naiiH' of Diosopolis is sulli'ienl lo enlille us to
call the gland tiinple at I'arnae the temple of Jiipilir.
This li inple has twelve principal entrances, each ol
which is eomposi il of several propvla and colossal gati'-
wavs, or »iiiifS, Is'sides other buildings attached to them,
in ihenisclvrs larger than most other leniples. One of the
propy la Is enlinly of granite, adorned wit 111 lie inosi linishrd
liieroglyphles. On each side of many of them have Isen
colossal statues of basalt, hicecia, and granite; soriu
sitting, somi' erect, I'roiii twenty to thirty feel in height.
" The Uidy of the temple, which is preeided by a laige
court, at whose sides are colonnades, of thirty roluimis
in leiiglh, and through the iiiiddle of which are two rows
id' columns lilly feel high, consists, first, of a prodigious
hall, or |Mirl<eo, whose riuif is sustained by one hundred
and thirty-four lolnniiis, some of which are twenty -six
llet in eircmnferenee, nnd others Ihirly-four; then are
liiiir heanlifnl obelisks, marking the entrance to the
advliim, near which the inonnrcli is representeil ns eiii-
hraeeil by the arms of Isis.
The adytum itself e,on»i»l» of throe B|>artii>Bnl»,ontiroly
of lirinlte. The princi|)al room, which i( in the centre,
is twenty feet long, sixteen wide, and thirteen fwt lufl.
Three blocks of granite Ibrni the roof, which is painioi
with clusters of gilt stars, on a blue ground. Btjomj
are other porticoes and galleries, which have been in,.
tinned to another propylon, at the distance of in,
thousand feet I'roni that of the western extreiniiy of die
temple.
" Il may not lie uninteresting to add a few more par
ticulars relative lo this temple, the largest, |Mr|iapii, jj^
eerUiinly one of the most ancient in the world.
"Twiiofthe porticoes within it appear to have consitin-
of pillars, in the form of human figures, in tlie rharanrt
of Hirines, that is, the lower part of the ImhIv luddm.
and unsha|xMi, with his arms folded, nnd in his hand iw
insignin of divinity ; perhaps the real origin of llio (iif.
ciaii Caryatides.
" Kxclu.sive of these columnar statues, which haviboin
thirty-eight in numb«<r, and the least of them lliirlv I'm
high, there are fragments more or less nmliialid, of
twenty-three other statues, in granite, breccia, and basali,
seventeea of which are colossal, and have been placed m
front of the several entrances. They arc in gciurul frmi
twenty-five to tliirty feet in licight, and executed inihr
best Egyptian style."
lilBAN IX)L MOOLK,
on THE TOMBS OF TIIE KINDS.
tUieharibon's Trnvels, vol. i. p. tjtvt.]
" It is a most dismal looking spot, a valley of rubbijii,
without n drop of water, or blade of grass. 'Thecnlriince I
to the tombs looks out from the rock like the entrance in
so niaiiv mines; and were it not for the recollections viitti
which It is |>copled, and the beautiful remains of ancient
art which lie hid in tlie bosom of the mountuiii, would [
hardly ever be visited by man or beast. The lient i» fi.
cessive, from the confined dimensions of the valltv, aud I
the relleetion of the sun from the rock and sand. Tik
whole vuUcy is filled with rubbish that has been uaslitii I
down from the rock, or carried out in the making of ihi [
tombs, witli merely a narrow road up the centre."
[ItirlinrJson's Travels, vol.1, p. 'Jiiii.)
" DindoriiH Siculus states, on the authority of the I
Egyptian priest*, that forty-seven of these toiiibs wrrt
entered in their sacred registers, only seventeen of whick
remained in the timcof I'tolemy Lagns. And in the M
Olympiad, altout sixty years U. C., when Uiodorus Sic». .
his was ill lOgypt, many of these were greatly defactd. I
Before Mr. lielzoni began his o|icratioiis in Tlietics, onit
eleven of these tombs were known to ihc public. From I
the great success that crowned his exertions, the n.iiiibet I
of tlieni is nearly double. The general ap|M'arancr ofl
these tombs is that of a conlimied shaft, or corridor, cut f
in the riKk, in some places spreading out into laite I
chambers; in other places small ehamlHTs pass nif Ijyil
small door from the shaft, &c. In some places when I
the rock is low and disintegrated, a broad excavaliin ill
formed on the surface, till it reaches a sullieieiit depth of I
solid stone, when it narrows, and enters by a ileor ofl
about six or eight feet wide, and about ten feet hijiif
The passage then proceeds with a gradual descent lot I
about a hundred feel, widening or narrowing aecordlnM
to the plan or object ot' the urehili el, soinelinies wiiiil
side ehamhers, hut more frequently iiol. The Is'aulil'ii' I
iirnament of the ghils', with liio ser|H'iil in its »iii|n'.»l
si'ulptnrcd over the entrance. The ceiling is bhuk, wilkl
siher stais, and the vulture, with outspread win^K, hil
ing a ring and a broad fiathered sceptre by each ofhiil
fiet, is I'reipieiitly re|H'ated on it, with iiimiiToiis liiirc
glyphies, which arc white or variously eolmireil. Th«l
walls on each side are covered with liieroglypliiii'. "nill
large sculptured figures of the deities of Kgypi, iUKlul'thfl
hero liir w limn the tomb was excavated. Soini linicn b"lli I
the hieroglyphics and the figures ure wrought in inl.ii;ii".[
at other times they are in relief; hut tlir(Higlioiil iImmimI
loiih liny are generally all of one kind. 'J'he loloiinl
lie green, bliie, red, black, and yellow, on a while i;tonn<.|
and ill iiiaiiy mslanees are ns fresh nnd vivid us If IhnI
had not been laid on a month. Inlerniixed with l>«|
figures, we frequently inii't with eurioini devices, riprt.r
senling tribunals where |H'ople ure upon their trial". •"'I
si.netiniis iindergoii.g punishment; the preparation «l
inmnniies, and |s'ople iHnring them in proei i"ieii "I
llieir shoulders; nnimals tied lor sacrifice, nnd |iarthc<l|
up; and oeeasionally the more ngreenhle pietuKsol it
t( rlainments, with iitisie and diineiiig, nnil »ill(ln«"j
IM'iiph' listening to the sound of the harp, plnyi'd l»'l
prlrsl, tt ilh his lienil shaved, and dressed in a leow Ik" I
inj white rolM', shot with red stri|ic»."
r.ND or THI! NARRATIVr.
As ail appropriate
,i J N.iliiralisI," we I
I It liie "Western Ji
I !icioiKe.«," an abU hi(
luriiua by the editor
hhcredilabletoDr.
I ill iiileristiiigsjK'cinii
l»,arrniixioils to pres
|iif niilily di.sseminntii
To know Dr. (<e i
.no liliii. A friend
Iforsluilyiiig his dispo^
lliirtrailnofhis mind:
The preut cliaructeri
lliisri'ii'iitive ineinory, i
l|«ri'rpliiiii, and his a
Iptcm ii|Miii any given
Inncc read or observed,
III w,u, that although
Incifiiolal, lie heciimu
Ibiiii's If muster of Lati
liii{iiiriiig a knowledge
111" hail nnd the liest w
lurilr with facility tlie
Ills |s»vers of obser
lind discriminating ; ani
Idiml him so adniiruhl
tliidy »f natural history
a pupil of the i
krult'iiH und nomenclutu
|ihi,'ri'at aim was to lea
Ihr habits of all nnimuti
Ibioarile pursuit, und hi
ftliL'able zeal. He has I
nliiij llie habits of tlit
lundrcd miles. Tlioso
khicli he relates the resi
|jiinii|,' the iiinsl interest
■uai;e. This praise i
^is Raiiilili's of a Naliii
vlii'al lii^aiily and vivii
lihraluil letters of (;illH
ifSlliouriic. Tlii:so es
luriiiins of his pen, and
Inilr iKiiii and exlremi
M\ iif what he iiiteii
ik'tr lluiii, he would III
hili.tini; |Hipiilarity.
t Tliire were few subjei
m llio pure mill ini.xeil
ji'iliiiaii Has not more
prMiii!. Ill which his att
fitly of ancient coins, ol
il tlliHvK'ilge.
I Till' |Kiwers of his mi
Wiriicss ill the pursuit
pH"' of gnawing hill
<idiir ailvirsiiy nor ill
lii-nl rnividcnVe lo hen
•i>hii. anil strength, he »
T'wall Ills i'iinli'in|Mirar
I Thi' line iiiiiiMiinlion
|i'"liiiaa iH'i'uhi lly but
V' utiito v( rse mid prosi
lad he hvid und cnjoyiv
PM"I' his style, and lo
>l>«irs hr Would have ri
r""l'iiiirhiim'iinge, Is.th
I'l'lllii'Mroni-lh and elei
' "IsTinnns of his
"'"I liAs Ihr their iiiti
*"'!"■ wjiioh Ihry furnis
V
u
I wliich liaKbrtn
' llicm lliirly I'm I
t'ss iiiiitliuttd. ol'
cccia, ujid b.iuli.
ve bet'ti placed in
a in gontral from
i executed in ihr
OS.
.aw.)
valley of rubbish,
188. The entrance
ke llio entrance In I
recoUectionii «it|i
einains of ancient
inniiiitain, would |
. The lient is fv
of the vallcv, anil I
. and itand. Tut
Ims been wasliea
the making ol'lhe |
the centre."
|l. !«■.«.)
authority of Ibe I
these tombs vrn
eventcen of which I
And in the *llh
i?n Uiodoru* Sicu- .
greiilly dcficfd
18 in Till lies, only I
he puhlie. From I
•tinns, the nuiiikti I
wiiiiSPiM^s eumi^©^ ©i2s®wm^^iif^ iLiie^ikmir.
e! — •
\0I..
riiii,Ai>i!:Li'iii.\, IH.VY 31, iNa».
NO. lU.
rniNTiiii A!<n riuMKiiin nv ADAM W.VI.IHK, .\ii. fi, Nuktu F.iuutu Stb«kt, rmi.Aniei.i'iiii— .At §."• inr .'it niinilx rs, p:iyahli' In ailx.'mro.
IIY Tllli L.Vri: DIJ. UOU.MAN.
( Nowjirst collected.)
rnU'KiiKu nr A BiuuH.triiicAi. sketch of tiir Airriion.
\s an ap|<ro|>riato accoinpaniiiicnt to tho " Kanil>IeH
,i jNiluralisI," wu havo truiislirred into our columns
1 1. (Jie "Western Journal of tiio .Medical and I'hysical
I ."Hifiii'is," an abk biojiraphic.il memoir of tho author,
«riilcn !>)' <'»■ cililor, Dr. l>rako of Cincinnati. It i.s
),it|iIv creditable to Dr. DV. heart and jiidgiiieiit, and fjrins
I iiiU'risliiit; 8|Hciiiien of American Kiography, wliich
I nrt'unxiouH In preserve, olid gratitied lu bu thu means
|„l nulcly disseniinnting.
I'o know Dr. (ie cnan intimately wa<i tu ndiniri' and
nc lilni. A friend who enjoyed |K"cnliar advantajjcH
liiirsUiiiyiii;; bin disposition lliua vharaclerisen tiiu [iceu-
liur IraiU of his mind : —
Till' preat characluiisticn of Dr. GodtnanV mind, were
Ihiiriliiitive inemory, an unwearied iiidustry and (|uiek
||iiTcr|ilinii, and his capacity of eoncentratinjf all his
Inowcrs ii|nni any (fiven object of )Hirsuit. What lie had
Imre read or observed, he rarely, if ever, forgot. Hence
III wan, tliat althougli his early education was much
Inccliclcd, he lieeanie an excellent linguist, and made
Ihiiiw If master of Latin, French, and German, Ix'sideB
|i<i|iiirlnL' a knowledge of (ireek, Italian and Spanish,
III" liail read the licst works in all these liuiguages, and
linilc Willi facility the Latin and French.
Ilin jKiwers of nbservation were ipiick, patient, keen
linJ illwriminating ; and it was tlicso ipialities that rcii-
liliri'il liiiii so adiiiirablo a naturalist. He came to the
Idjilyol' natural history as an investigator of facts, and
t.i a pupil of the sehnnlH ; and while lit! regarded
LflciiH anil noiiienelature with perhaps too little resjH'cl,
■iHTral aim was to learn the instinetH, the structure and
|hi liabils of all aninitttcd iMMiigs. This science wus his
iiwirlto pursuit, and he devoted liiniself to it with iiide-
|iti:able zeal, lie haslK'cn heard lo say, that in invcsli-
jiliiij llie habits of tho shrew mole, he walked many
luiidrcil miles. 'I'lioso parts of his natural history in
pitli lie relates the resnlls of his own observation, are
Lnii|r llie most interesting essays on that subject ill unr
•line. This praise is ilue in a still greater degree to
s Rniiibles of a Naturalist, wliieli are not inferior in
iii'.il l> iiiily and vivid und neeurale description, to the
< liratuil letters of (lillicrt White on the Natural History
kl .SllKiariie. These essays wcru among the last pro
liifiiiiiiM of his pen, and were written in tlH^ intervals of
Hiir pain and eMreme ilebility. They t()rni a mere
kilcli of what he inteniled, and had liu lived to cum-
uli ilieiii, be would hiivo lul\ a work und a iiiuiiu of
kiili.tiiij; iKipiilarily.
TliiTi' were few snbjeets of general lilerntiirr, exrepl-
It! lliii piiri' niid mixed inatheinalies, with which Dr.
Inlinan was not more or less tamiliiir, Aniong other
W'lils III wliieb his attintioii had Iseii turned, was the
|l»lv i>raiu'li'iit coins, of which lie had uei|uired a criti-
II illiiwli'il^'e.
Till' |»i«ers of his mind wire always Inioyunt. His
NjiniiKs III Ibe piirsuit of knou ledge seemed like the
pi"il<i' III' gnawing hunger and unipienebabbi lliirsl.
i iilirr iiilvi'i'sily nor disease conlil iilliiy it, and had il
"il rrnviilenee In heal his mortal wound, and prolong
III' anil strength, he wonbl have Isirno away tho |iulni
^"iiall Ills riiii(eiii|Kiraries.
Till line iiii ii'iiialion and deep entbusiasm of Dr.
Wman iK'i'asloiially burst liirth in ini|iassioned jSK'try
Vwriili' vtrse and prose wiili almost e<|unl liiellity, and
fill III liml and enjoyed leisnri' I" prune the exnlier-
I'Miil' Inn style, nnil to Is'slow the last isdisli u|Mm his
»l>»if«,lio wiinlil have ranked aR nno of the great mss.
f" nl'iiiir liinu'iiage, l«ilh in regard In the enrions felicity,
nilthi' »lnni[(h and elenmess of bis dielinn. The fnl.
(nin; •iH'rinii IIS of his |nM'llenl eoin|K>silmiis nre se.
Mill Irw i'lir III, jr liilrinsle exerll-iier, than for Ihr
li'i'iii' wliii'h ijiry fiiniiiih of Ills private niedilulioiis.
NCWUKHIU— Ul
A .MIDMlillT .MEDITATION.
'Tis midnight's soleinn Inmr I now wide uiiliirled
Darkness expands her luanlle o'er the world:
The lire-lly's lamp has ceaseil its lilfnl gleiiin ;
The cricket's chirp is hushed ; Ibe iMiiliiig sereani
I )f the grey owl is slilled ; the lolly tries
Scarce wave their suniniils lo the failing bree/j' ;
.'Ml nature ia at rest, or seems to sb'cp;
'Tis thine aloin:, oh man I to wateli and wee|i !
Thine 'tis to feel thy system's sad decay.
As Hares the ta|K'r of thy life away
lleneath the inllneiice of fell disease: —
Thine 'tis to know the want of mental ease
Springing from memory of lime misspent;
Of slighted Idessings ; deipest ilisenntent,
.Villi riotous relx'llion 'gainst the laws
t>f health, trnth, heaven, to win the world's applause!
Such was thy course, Kiigenio, hiicIi thy hardened licurl,
'I'ill mercy spoke, and death unshealhcd the dart,
Twanged his unerring Ikiw, and ilrove the steel,
TiM) dei'p lo he w ilbdrawn, loo » iile llie wound lu lioul ;
Vet Icll of life a feebly gliinnieriiig ray,
Slowly to sink and gently ebb away.
— And yet, bow blest am I J
While myriad others lie
In agony of lever or of pain,
Willi parching tongue and burning eye,
Or liereely throbbing brain ;
!My feeble frame, Ibougli spoibd of rest.
Is not of cointiirt ilisjiosscst.
My mind awake, ksiks up to Ihee,
Father of merey ! whose blest hand I see
In all things acting for our goisl,
Ilowe'er thy mercies lie misunderstood.
— See where the waning inoon
Slowly surmountH yon dark tree to|H«,
Her light iiiercascs steadily, and simiii
The itolcmii night her stole of darkness dro|iN :
Thus to my sinking soul in hours of gbHim,
The cheering beams of Iio|hj resplendent come,
Thus Ibe thick clouds which sin anil sorrow rear
Are changed to brighlness, or swill disiipiKiar.
Hark ! that shrill note proelaims approaching day;
The distant east is strciiked with lines of gray ;
Faint warblings from the neighbonring groves arise.
The tuneful trilKs salute the brightening skies.
I'eace breathes aroniid ; dim visions o'er me creep,
Tho weary night outwatehed, lliaiik (jod ! I loo may
sleep.
Linet ttritlen under a /ec/i/ig of Iho 1mmtdiiit« apiiroiieh
o/ iknih.
The duniiM of deatli arc on my brow, the chill Is In my
heart,
.My bliMHl has almost ecascnl to tlow, my lio|ic8 of Iile
depart ;
The valley and the shadow Isfore me ojh'Ii wide,
Dili thou. Oh Lord ! even tlicre wilt bo my guardian and
my guide.
For what is pain, if thou art nigh its bitterness lo i|nell 1
.\nd w here deulli's boasted \ lelory, his lust triumphanl
sjielH
I 111! Saviour, in that hour when morlal slrenglh is iioughl,
When nature's agony comes on, and every anguished
thought
.Springs ill the breaking heart a smiree of darkest wcie,
III' nigh unto my soul, nor jHriiiil Ihe IIiniiIs o'eillow.
To Ihee ! Ill Ihee alone ! il.ire I raise my dying eyis;
Thou dlilsl for all alone, by thy wondrous saeriliee ;
Oh! ill Ihy mercy's riehnesn extend Ihy sniili s on me,
And let my soul ouls|H'ak Ihy praise llirouglmut elernily !
Ik'ncutli Ihe alsive staii'/jis is Ibe folbiwing note.
" Italhir inori' than a year has elapsed sineu the iiImivc
was iirst wrilleii. Death is now certainly neni at hand ;
but my senliinenls remain unchanged, ivxeept that my
reliance on Ihe Saviour is stronger."
This relinnce on Ibe mercirs of ISod thrnugli Chrisl
.leans, iM-eniiie indeed Ibe biibilnal I'rnnie nf his mind :
and Imparled lo Ibe closing scenes of his lili< a soleinnily
mid A eahniii'Hs, n swiel serenily uiiri a holy resignalinn,
which lubbi'd dcklli of itn stiiig, tiid llie gravn of Us
viclory. It was a iiielanelioly siulil lo witness the pre-
iiialiirc exiliicliiiii of such a spirit ; yet the dying eoueli
on which geniiis, and viilue, and bariiing tims lay
priisl rated, iH^amed w illi more hnllnwed liisire, and tanght
a more salutary lesson than ennld have lieiii imparled
by the proudest triumphs of intellect. The iiii iiiory of
Dr. (loilniaii, hi.s blighled proinise, and his iinliiiished
lalsinrs, will long eimliiiue to call rorlli Ibe vain re^n I.s
iif men of si ieiiee and learning. There are ihose who
Ireasnie up ill their hearts ,is a more precious ri rnlleelion,
bis bumble faith and his triiimphanl death, and who can
mci'l witli an eye of pity, llio scornful glaiiee of Ibe
seoll'er, and the infidel, at lieiiig told that if Dr. tiodnian
was a pliilusojihtr, he was al.so u Christian.
I'rulli llie Wi'.tli'in Jiiiiiiiiil iiT (III- Mrillral mill Physlral HcUiires.
iMK.MOIH OF DU. JOHN D. (ioD.MAN.
(If Dr. Iiodmaii's early years, we have received «
nimilM'r of iiilcresling memoranda, frnni his first medical
preceplor, Dr. LueUey, now of Circleville, in this slate.
.Veeiii'diiig III Ibis geiilleiiiaii. Dr. G. was Imrii at VN il-
miiigliiii, in the stale of llelaware. .'\t an early inrlisl
he lost his parents, and was bll without patrinniny, or
■leprived of il. Dr. Lnckev Ursl saw him in l.^lll, wlicn
be was lilleen years old. 'j'he doctor wan, at thai time, n
senior student in the iillico of l)r. Thomas V.. Itoiid, of
llaltiinore. "The olliee," says Dr. I.., "was fitted ii|i
with taste, and boys, allraeli.d by its ap|iearaiie<', would
fri'i|ni'iitly drop in, to ga/.e on the lalielbd jurs und
drawers. .'Viiiong them I discovered, one evening, an in-
Icresliiig lad, who was nimising himself with the manner
in wliicji his coinrndes pronouneed the ' hard words,*
with which the furniture was labelled. Ilu ap|H'areil lo
Ih' quite an udept in the Latin language. A strong
curiosity soon prompted iiic lo iinpiire ' Who are yon ''
'Don't you reeolleet,' says he, 'that you visited a Imy
at .Mr. Crcery's, who had a seven' attack of bilions colic /'
' I do. Hut what is your name my little Isiy '' Ho
was small of his age. ' .My name, sir, is John D. liod-
man.' 'Did you study the Latin language uilli iMr.
Creery /' ' No, he dms not Uaeli any but an Kiiglish
school.' * l>u yon intend to prosecute your slndien
aloni'?' ' I do. And I will, If I live, make myself it
Latin, Greek, and Fri iieli seholar."
In the anluiim of IMI, Dr. Linkey comnieneed the
practice of medieine in FliuilHlhlown, rennsylvania, ami
the next sumnier received a letter from iiis piolrst,
staling that be had Ihcii bound an apprentice lo thu
printer of a ncwspii|K'r. Willi this business, he was,
from the iK-ginniiig, exceedingly dissatislied, as lie evinced
in his numerous Idlers to Dr. Lnekey.
In one of these, dated July 'SM, l^l^, berxpreiwed lb«
opinion, that it was worse than " cramping his gcniu!*
over a (Kstle and mortar" — it w as " rraniping it ii?er it
font of ly|K's, where there ale words without ideas."
Adilieleil In reading, and aspiring lo a mure inlellei lual
pursuit, it is not probable that onr young printer was
much devilled to the drudgery of the olliee, or |M'rliiriiied
his duties Clin uinntr; which may siiHicieiilly explain Iho
origin of the dillieullies, set liiilli ill Ihii billowing
paragraph from a snbs(i|ueiit leller to the same.
" I'lvery tiling is in gditii 71111 with ine, The sainn
series of opprl'^sions, lin|sisilliiiis and Insiillsnri' slill my
lot lo Is'iir. Hut I will not lH:ar tin in king. Fnun the
oldi'st lo llio yoniii'i si, master mid man, all si em lobnir
.1 ilis|Hisiliiin III pi I k at me. Yoii will (or may In 1 sin
prised III hear that I can neti r make a priiili r. Il Is an
irriiiieiius opinion of some |n uple, lliat no iiiie (an innke
I printer imliss be be a Mbidar. On the coiilrary,
leliiilars call liardly, if nl all, be piinlers, I wnnbl nol
\usb Villi III lliiiik llial I eoiiiit toy self u siholur. On the
eonlrary I think myself no Mholiir."
The liillowiiig cNliaet from another Ullcr, ilaleil Oe
lolsr XM, \K\H, shows tbnl, at this early |h riiNl, young
iMHiman was tlirvatcned witli tlie malady which ulliuiately
dcslrovcd biiii.
" Tlie disease for wliinll I nienlioned > tvr\pv in mjr
last has coiiiineneed its direliil elVeets on my [Hsir Uidy.
\ conlinned |Niiii in my lircnsi, and nl niglil 11 slow but
burning fever, ei.iivinin me Ibul I sin Irarelling Hiiwn n
niiieli freipienled rimd lo Ihe place wlierii disessi' has no
IVeel. This my I'm iid ii. imi phantasy. I do not say il
Ironi ulfrelalion. I tix-l il. I rannol Iwhrvr in this
fi t J*
.•:-,7-, 1*
■ «■ ■ t ■ ;
^'i-.^'
■' ,A''
•11-.-*.,
' ■' ■■;>»
4
t:
I-. ' jii
. 'r
11' 41
I
20O
iiri;jioiR OF 1)1!. JOHN i>. <;oi)m.v\.
,1 m-^
t M
Mm
iliRpasc Inin^ coiitngious, or I hIkhiIiI I'l' ccrtniii that I
have c.iii(;lit it. I rIcoii willi a youtli who was hi.rii with
it and has it fully."
Ill the opinion nf Dr. I.., tlio clocrasi'd, at lli.it curly
period, Kilmiiml iimli'r ii hy|>rrtro|iliy (irHie hcail.
Tliroiiirh tin' wlmlr of liiK n[i|)reiitiri'slii|i, yimiid (Ii'il-
man had a stronir dtvire to study iiirdioirw, Init his
cnardian was o|i|Hit<cd tn any clianirc of (Icslinaliim.
jbiirly in tbo iiionlli of January, 1(<I4, he nritc.t tu
Dr. h.—
" At tho sn^crcstioii of Dr. Anderson, I have deter,
mined to comnienectlio study of elieniistry, as ho says it
will he a (jreat imiirovcincnt to the mind, and iiinre so,
I may ho enabled, llic ensuing season (if I should live so
lonff) to attend the lectures at the lliiiversily (of Atiiry-
land,) and it seems to run t;roatly in Dr. A.'s head tliat I
fhaJI oiin day be a |iliysician. How far this siirniisn iiiny
lie ri^lil, time will discloDC. It may indeed so h;i[i|icii,
and should I study chemistry now, 1 shall nut have it to
do at a future [icriod. I must, however, ask your uiiiiiion
in this atlair."
On tho rJlth of tlie same month, lio writes lo tlio same
gentleinen —
" I have road the eflteehelical part of Parke's Thi niis-
try, .ami I eon assure you I liked it not a little. Put my
knowleiljre, so far as I may oh'-in it, wiil only bo
Uieorolie.il."
In llie same letter ho sets forth his early views of the
Christian religion :
" I liavo not ever had a fixed dcterminnlir.n lo rr.id the
works 111 that Modern SerjM'nl," nor hail I drloruiinid
no/ to do it; and it seems to mo surprisiuj:, that n lillow
student of yours should reeominend tho porusul of such
wrilinus as Thomas r.iine's.
" I had, thank heaven, iK-fore I asked you the ipustiim,
and still have, the ".\|)olo;ry for the Hililc," hy llir eilc-
lirateil Lord Ke;,'iiis, of f.-andair, (liishop Watson.)
< Tliire is a irreat eonilort in the lielief of Hint i;li)iiniis
doctrine of salvation, that teaches us to Imik Intlie (in at
Sulvator for liapi>incss in a future life ; and It has ahvnvs
liceii my earnest desire, and I inusl eiidc:ni'ur to die the
death of the rielitiuus, that my last cud and future sl.ite
may Imi like his. It wmild he a pfmr linpe i:'.iicid — it
would he a sandy rnuiil lin lor the dyiiii; mill, to h i\n no
ho|ie hill such as niiu'lil be derived I'rom llic wiir'is of
Dollnijliroke and I'aiiie ; niid liow ricli the eiinsnhitiiin
and s.ilisl'aelion alUirdiil by the s:lorious liiliii)rs n( the
Miss, d Scriptures. It is my opinion, there lias never one
of t!ii'.-e inodern deists died as lliiir «ritlii;r- waaild leid
US lo believe ; nor are but few of their writiiii;s read at
the present day."
Inllieyear IHl I, when the war riiccd in the ('jicsn-
peake, he In r.iine a sailor under Coin. Uariicy, niiil was
c^ngaged i 'lie service at the hnnibardiiicnt of Korl
M'Henry. i^arly in the next year. Dr. liUcKcy, capti-
vated by his {renins, and touelird by his inistiirtiitic!:, re-
Folveil to invite him tn his house, in l.ti/alielhlou n, and
atl'iird him all the facilities in bis power for sliidyinir the
Iirofessiim lo which he aspired, ll does not appiar how
le had rid himself of lii.s iipprenticesliip; hut he seems lo
liave lii'en at liberty lo accept the doctor's (jcncreus invi-
tation. Thin he did, with emotions of joy wliich are
littered in tho following sinijilo and alfeetiiifr reply, dated
April tUi, 1)^1. 'i.
" [ liuvo this hour received your last letter, and I can
assure, yon, that laiiiruaire is inndcipiate to c-ipn ss to
you my sincere, unfeigned joy, tor the pleasinifiiews you
imvc I omiiiiinic.-itcil lii me. Iict the maimer in which
these lines ari> |<enned, convince you of the stale of my
mind at present. I was, thirty minutes before I received
your Utter, on the |Hiiiil nt troiiii; to a printer, in lliis
eily, Wi seek employiiuiit, and, but fir I'rovidi me
kIiouIiI have done so, You may siip|Hise that, us sihiii as
I read your h'tter, I ahaiidiiiicd this intenlioii and ri
turned to my sister's house,! ' with fire in each eye and
|Mi|>>T in each band,' to answer your cpislh' of triiiidship's
own dictating. I imist lay this aside for a slmrl linn,
till iiiy mind iMicoines si Hied and iindislurbed. I stoppi il
at the line alsive, in order that I iiii|;lil recover a small
decree of composure, in order lo express myself as I
nii|;bt, tn so (food a friend. I will iiertainly eoinply with
your reipiest, should it phase (jod to eoiilinne my health
and strength ihiring the ensiiinir week. tShnuld it plcaii^:
(he incroy of I'rovldcnee to sutler me to take up my re.
sidenee with you, I shall endeavour, by thu most inde
fiitigiible study and dlliyenee, to give you the salistiiclioii
V'oiir kindness to mo deserves. I uiii in ho|ivs that I shall
Ih' able to eooie some day in the course of the next week
Lir; t*':'-
• i'bninas riiiii".
t Mn. WdU .Miller, of BuJtiiiiotc
but, as my jtiiirnev must be a pl.'ll^^lriun eiiii, 1 slinnld
not wish to nii'iitiiai a prirliciilar day."
"On the IIMli of April, fniir days'aller the date i.flliis
letter, he arrived," says Dr. I,., "at my hnii-e, and tnoli
up his residence in iiiv laiiiily. lie made his pmiiiisi
(rood, fir ill «i> icm/.s lie had anpilrid more kiiow'i da:i
in the difTrrent deparliiuiils of niidical si ienre, than
most students do in a year. Diniiiff this short pcrr d In
not only read Chaptal, Kenreroy, Clicssclden, .Murray,
Hrown, f'nllcn, Rush, Sydeiilmiii, Sliar|i, and Cooper, hut
wrote annulalioiis on ciiili, incliidini; critical remarks on
the incoiifjriiitics in their rcasonimrs. He remained with
iiie five months, and nl the did of that time, you wnu'd
have imauiind from his conversation, that ho was an
Kdinbiirch (jradnate. When lie sat down to study, so
eiimplctely was he absorbed by his sebjecl, that it seemed
as tJion;;li the ampiilation of oiio of his limbs would
scarcely withdraw his attention,"
A circimistaiice liavin)r no eonncction with tho n la-
tioii between liiiii and bis liciH'laclor, but involving tlicni
both, led to preiiiatine i-cparalion. One or liiitli of llicni
were rcipiestid by the political party to which they be-
loiiijcd, lo ilelivi r orations on the approaching,' roiirlli of
.Inly. Dr. r.. bejjaii at the appointed hour, and went
thidiiiih with his discourse, but alleinpts were inrde hv
the opposite parly lo (iH'er iiisnll and create distiirluu ce ;
at which our yoiiiip orator brcame indi}riiaiit ; and yi.ld-
in',' to llip im|iiilse of bis stroll'; native t'ccliiins, not milv
rcl'iised to deliver what he bail prcpari d, but rcsolvrd on
ri liiriiin:,' liirtliwith to ll.iUimore. His oration w:is left
with bis preeeplof, who Kiieaks of il n.s not unworthy of
Pill rick lliiiry.
I>( parliiiff t'roni T'lizabctlitown, bo returned to n.iUi-
mure, anil became a pupil of Dr. Hall; and, in the siie-
cerdiii!; aulumn, hi ;.'aii lor.tli nd llie Kclures in that city.
His pieuiiiiry dilViciillies, h.wcver, were pressini;, and.
in the ciisiiiiuj I'lliriiary, 1^10, Ik" wrote to his bcni 'fac-
tor ill tlie llillowiiiu eliKjUcnt and atl'cctin;; slyle :
" .Vied I then iiif'.rm you how lii^'li my i xpei talions
were raised, when I eoiiiiiirnci li olleniliiifT the lectiinr
this winl.r — iicid I say I was almost ei riaiii of I'litiire
eiiipitiiiey i' .Mas ! my friend. Hie (.'real Kuler of
vciils has iiiteriMised (in ordir to leach me re.-i;.'iia-
iiin tiihis will) this heavy disappoiiitnient. liy nnrore«i in
ivrnts--liy dmiiestic calaniitiis, I have betn eonipi ll'd
to n liiii;iiisli the study of nicliriiie, so lonir 'he ulliiii;!-
liiiii of all my hopes. Katiiku of am., tiiv wii.i iif ihak
I have made this my motto — my ronsolatioii; and did I
not daily see the truth id' " Omnia j'rn n/i.'i/iio," I mii'lit
iliaps repine. I am now in evpiitiiliiin of a sitmlinn
with an eniiiii 111 api'lhceary of iJiiN city, and I may he
ennl'lid, at a future |h rind, fo rceoniiiiciice Uio etuily of
mi diiinc."
This situation hinvc\er he did not ohtain.
" I,et me now (rivcyniia rilrospiit of'tlie days of my
life' Since I have ri'liiriiid fr.im yon, I liaM' ill'-eovcred
my mil aire, in an old hook of my llithir's, (end yoi
would hardly suppose it,) I was 'Jl years old tho "JOtli
day of Drcemhir, iNl,"!. Delorc I was two years old I
was motherless — be lore I was live years old I was lalher-
h'ss and friendless — I liiive been east aiiionir siraiiters —
I have been deprived of property hy fiii ml, that was mine
by riulit— 1 have eaten till' bread of misery — I have
driiiik of the cup of sorrow — I have passed the tlower oC
my days in a state little Istter tbnii shivery, and have
arrived — at what / .Manhood, |Hivcrty, anil desolation.
Heavi nlv Parent, tcacli mo patience and rcsijrnatii n to
Ihy will,"
About this lime he pecms lo have found a pnlron in
Professor Davidije, iiiiil, on the IHth of April followinj{,
he wrote lo Dr, l.iickey —
"I still eoiitimic to Ktudy with Dr. Wright, Mhe part-
ner of Dr. Davidye,) and provided it shall lie the will of
heaven, I may )iossility procure admission in the coiir"!'
of the next year into the venerable circle of niediiiiii."
In s|H'akiiii,'of his pirpleved and eiiibarrasscd aituutioii,
and ol'Ibe iniitution^ of fortune, he savi —
" 'I'licre is only one tliini; wliii li points lo, and iifTirds
iminiilable eonsolation, anil that is, the ohserviince of ri-
ll(,'ion. Althnii(jli we should be iiieapable of napiiij.'
enjoyment in this world, even from iinintcrrnplrd pros-
|sTily, yet we ran ardently lonif fiir, and sineeii ly l«lievu,
we may lie eternally happy in tbo next."
In this situation lie fniisbed his medical education. Li
the laiiguaire of Prolessor S'well' —
" Here he pursued hii studies with sncli dili|renc(> and
teal, as to furnish, even at llnit early iH'riml, strong iiiti-
maliniis of bis future eiuineiiee. So indi liilii'iilile wai
he in tint Rivpiisilion of kniiuled;re, that ho lull iiu iip-
* Eulogy on Ur. UoUmuii p. 4>
portimity of advaneeiiiciit unimproved, and iiotHiil,^!:.,,!
iiiiT tho dclicieiieiis of bis prcpar.ilipiy nliiijli,,i-^ j,^
p(i!-'.-i'd forward nitli nn encr^ry and pers'veraiici','||,.,
en ihled him not only lo rival, but lo surputs all |,i, j;i
lows."
He appears to have attended the lectures in Iho lfci||i
more school, llirouyb the sessions coiiiiiuncini; ii. i",.
antiinins of lt<Hi, and Ifl". In the coiirsi' of ilu. l-.i
Professor Davidje was disalded, by an aceidim, f j
»ev( ral weeks, and .Mr. (.'oilman was appointed In ni|i|,|^
his pla<-e. 'l'lii.«, as he had been aiiapprrnticc lii,i i,;,,!,'
not llin-c years hel'orc, ill the suiiie city, w,is an li.,,'
onrahle testimony lo bis tahiils and indiisliy, .nriil n,,,,!
liJive been hitrlily •iratilyiTi;; to bis ambition, Atcurilii.,
lo Professor Sewall, (/ur<i rilaln.) "
"This situation he filled for several weeks witli f,,
much propriety — he lectured willi such enthufiiishi , 11,1
eloipii lice, his illustrations were so clear and hiippy, ;,
lo [.'uin universal applause; .ind at tlie lime lie winl t,.
niiiiiied fur his degree, the su|K'riority of his miml, 5,
well as the extent and accural y of his kiiowlnlp', jif,,.
so a[ipareiit, that be was marked by the profissormrilii,
Cnivirsily as one who was destined at some future |i(:riui|
to cniifi r bi;rli honour U[ion the profession,"
111 relircnee lo his gradual inn, on the lOlhnf 1 . Iirmrv
Ifl^, be wrote lo his friend, Dr. Lackey, in lIuHfiii.
pintiial words :
" I know not what to tell you for news, iinlrsK I |,j|
yoii llml I passed my graduate examination, on SiiUinljv;
■rch. 7,) which lasted Iweiily minutes; and, nfcijiirn,}
lipve iinw the • vast uiihoiinded prospect nil l.iiiin
Ihoiigli ■ sli.idows, clouds, and dnrkness ri st iipun it.' I
« ill go lo the eruntiy to praeliso, mutt probuhly to
Frederick county." |
In the I'liited Stale!!, it is common to see yniing mm,
without prepar.ilory idiii alion or I'ortunc, bcciiini' |,rii.
titioners of inedieiiic ; but most of this class *lriii.'};lr iMu |
the rai.'cis of Iho prolession, totally impreparul, mid il.
part from it for other pursuits, or t'or the gr.ivc, uiikimua j
and inihoniiurcd hy the teientilic world. Su:li nn .i^
mission, must not be eonl'otmdcd with that el' jcnij
rioduian ; who scornid to enter the profes-ion iiiii|ii;-!|i:,.|
mill imaiithoiiscd by those who giiaril, or on^ht In (jii.ii,:,
its IKirtals. In this respect he was a shining i.\i.iii||.;
and his siibseipient success should animate fM ry liuiKi.
less young man, who may engage in the study nf ni.i;i
I iiie, lo imitate hi" industry and miliiltirliig prrnviTaiin.
lly thci-c means, if in t blessed with his genius, tiny 11 ]v |
piipare thenisclvi s for extensive uscfulmi-F, ami u
respi rtabilily if not renown.
We eonie now lo criitemplatc Dr. Cnilmi n, ns .1 nn
her of the prolession. Mis first Ineat ion was in llir \i|. |
lage of New Holland, rn the hanks of the Siisipirliciiiia;
where, however, be rcinainid hut a few niniiths. 'llf
iievl was on the Patapsco, near ll.iltimorr, «'l iiht, in |
.Inly, It-ll', he wrote to Dr. Luckcy as fellows:
" .My success ill liu>iiicss has been considcridili', iir 11
practice, nl least, lias hi en as extensive as 1 enilil r!ilii«.|
ally expect." "What my sue"ess may tc in tlinniliil
alprcsdit very donhtriil. I ilill have coiisiiliMlilr fi. [
piitnlion of Is ing recalled to Ilnltimnre, in nrili r In lii] |
the phiee wliii II I held n the I'niversity. If ilruliin
|ii'ii, I shall be miicli delighted, as a country life iauiil
lillle, or not at all, lo my taste."
Ill these rural situations lie devoted himriir In lle|
study of nature; and, at a subscipu nt lime, m I liiitli ll,i
fruits nf his observations in a si lirs of papers, iiilillnll
llie Uambles nf a Naturalist. Hut his ardent IriiipD.r
iiiinlwas little ndapird to the ilagnant cxislonn ni'il
village doctir. He thirsted fi>r compelilinn, niiil luiipiil
lo engage in Ibe rivalries vhieli pre\ail ainong tlicitcr
didatis for fame. Nature seems to have urged liiiiimi. Il|
was she who revealed lo him the compass of hit iiild
liclual jHiwers; nnil hid liiir. neck a Iheatre iiiiiiinnl
siirale with their 1 llii iency. A difl'crenl arrnnpmitlj
rmm what he had aiiliripateil was ninde in the lli'lluihrcl
hcliMil ; he reluriied, however, lo Ihal cilv, hnl nl iiH'^t
Isdilly nsolvcd lo li\ himself in Plnl:ii:clplii:i,niiilh<raiitl
a piililie ti aclier of aiinloiiiy and physiology.
Ibit an iiiii xpectcd event gave, for the liiiii' Imnt.il
dilVercnt dircclinn to his (.trorls. The writer oflliul
article was empnring, at that time, for a suitnlilc |«rs4|
lo fill the chair of surgery in the medical college el Ojiinl
the first session of wliieli Imd just closed ; ami Pr. (io^l
man was reeomiiiended. His ipialificntions li>r tin liall
pkiee, were expressed hy I'rofissiir liilmoii, tliiiiul It*!
I'liiversity of Pennsylvania, but previously a iiiiml«'r «|
Ihi; Haiti re insliliilion, in the I'nilowii'ig iiiiiiliiivinlj
and priinhilic language. " In my opinion. Dr. Im«Iwi>I
Hiiiilil ill hfinniir lo any .lelmol in Amirien." lli'"!
I'urtliwilh iip|iuiiiti,d i itiiU arrived In Cimjiniiati il« '» T
j.,i„;;|),lllllT, (l!
{•■i-iiia of llic sehii
:V
ll ll(>l\vill,M:,|,,|.
fclllCjli,,!;, llP
rhcvcriihT, ilti
imta all I,!, i;|.
roB in the l;„lti.
imiii'ins ir. i! ,
ilirsc ol' llic Ij.i^
n iiccidi'iii, t; ,
Kiintt'd Id Kii|i|.|t'
■ntiiT Ilia in,ii,\
ly, was nr\ Iim,.
nslvy, iinil n,ii-t
ion, Accunliiij
I wccliii with M
I imtliusiaiiiii ji,|
ir nii(t liajipy, :<
lime lie WW u.
of his minil, m
kiiowlidp', urre
prolVssors 'il'tli^
IIIlO futUri' IKTIull
oil."
lOlliol'l triiiry,
toy, ill tl.iM till.
cws, miltss I ii|| I
lion, nil Saturiljv;
I niul, of I'uurH.l
cl iill l.cliiri nil ;'
8 rc.it n|Kiii ii,' 1 [
IiU)i.t [iriilialjly |u
to prr yi)UH(r turn,
int', Ik'Coiiu' |Tai.
rliiKK kIriiL'cli Imii I
iprrpiind, and i
lid irir.\r, iiiil,iHi\iii I
iild. Sii:h nil mi. |
illi that 111' villi.;
■rcF-iiin iiiii|nali''«i| I
or mi'.;hl In (;ii.ii.i, |
1 Hliiiiiii;; i.\iiiii||i;
iiiiali' fviry liiiml.
illio kIiiiIv III' niiili
iTiiij; |» rMvrniMi.
9 trniu!', llii'V II 3V I
ruliu»', mill c'li I
imn.ni .i iiivi.
1 WIIH ill itll' \ii.
the Siiwiiirlicliiia;
w iniiiilliH. 'Ill
imirp, ttl i'mT,iii|
Mown:
iniilrralili, iiiiiiy j
IK I cntilil raliiiii.
he ill llir niiliil
('Oiii-iili'iaWi'
ore, in iiriliT 1" I'lll |
ty. It' ilri)lu|i.
■ountty lire is Vfl I
7.ii;m<>:ij of nil. .ioiin i\ (jok.ii.vn.
ril hinifelf In lit
iliie, Ml liiltlilliil
li" piijieifiinlilHl
I iirilinl lrm|ii:i.
ml exiMeiiiii'l'4
ition, nml liiii(iill
1 lllllOlll(lllCI»|
iirci'il liiiii""' ''I
panH 111' liiK iii''H
iheaire ii r.n-l
rent nrrnniMniiilL
■ in the lli.lli Ill
,.ilv, hill nllintllil
■l|)liiii,iii»lli'f|™l
>loi!y. I
(he liiiu'lmnt.il
lie writer I'f ihiil
n iuitnlilf |»r«iiil
•a\ colli t'n iil'Oliml
«e)| i mill I'r. ("i^l
[iiliiinB Ilirllii/rtI
ilmon, ll"i>«'''''*J
iiiiKly a niii"l»'"'|
iwinu' iiiii-'l'"'""''!
liiiii, |)r. "i''l""«I
iiiri.n." """
'lliciiiiull ll" '«■!
, ii„ l),l iliir, (l^'il,) ill tiiiio to outer oil Iho mi >iiil
,,.i.i"iiiiil"lli<' "'''i""'-
i„r the |ir.ietical iletailH of siirli a |)roris.«ors!ii|), he
,.„!il.l ii'il 111' corr.se he well prepareil, as his siir;;ieal ix-
•ril 111''' "'''■'' ''■'<''i'f'''"Rly limiU'il; hut he wa.s leanieil
;,il|ic institute.H of the seienee, anil his knnwliilire of
■ .iii,y \vas coniprelien.«ive, aeeiirate anil coiiiniaiiiliiiLr.
\j :i di.isei'tor, he wa.s eipially rapid ami ailrnil. Ili--
Vliiris were well received hy tliii elass, who ailiniri il
,n nr'iiiii', were eaptivaleil hy his eloipienee, uiiil
i'liriiii'il with the niiirvti of his manners.
" |,i l!iiM-iiiir..ie of the se.s:;i,in, diHiciillies, of vvliieli he
„is iieillier Ihe cause nor the \i,_'tirii, wire peiieraleil in
I ,. ;',ii ally, the el.i.ss was small, ami lln' prospeels of |lii
ii,li!iili 111 overcast: under these idreiimstanees. Dr.
liiilai.iii re.-ii^fiiuil, hot did not at thai time reliirii to the
I'a'l.
N>,l liinir tiefore, the author of this narrative liad iKsueil
iMiiKili tor a meilieal jminial, to he ediled hy the pro-
ji-.rs of llie eolle;;,., and olitaiiieil a numlier of suli-
fillers; hut the distraeled stale of the iin-liliilioii pie-
I tiitiJlla' fullilment of Ihe de.si:;ii. To this iiilerprin', as
Hill as lie Ind resigned, Dr. (lodinau direeled his at-
I Miiioii ; and assisted hy Mr. roule, a liheral and literary
|,,.kM Her ill this eily, in a feiv week* i.ssiml the first
iHiiiluT of llie Westrnt Qiiiirl, i!i/ Hipnrlir. Thin, if
n ll till' first to projeel, Dr. (i. had the Ihiimiir of lieini;
lij: tirst Id eoMiiiienee, a journal of niedieiiie, ill llie
I Vjlli'v iif the .Mississippi. .U the end of the lilli luiinliir,
I (il'i liiiaihi'i' l"^:''" each, the work was iliseniitiinieil, t'ur,
Miiiiiusly to tli.il lime, its editor had ritiirinil to I'liila
ilrjiiliia. .Moi'e than three himdred pai;i's of this prrindi
cilmre troin his own pen; ehietly in Iraii-I.iliniis and
liiui'ivs uf anatomy, pliysiulojry, and ine.iieal juri<prn
1 Jiiic'i;.
llr. Godman resided in our city for ono year only ; hiil
I ill lii.it short period ho deeply iiLscrihed liinisi If o:i the
lie mind. The nieniory of his works still reiiiaiie
I iij. Ill addition to writin;; for his meilieal jminial
Imiiilii liis praetiee, which was eoiisidrr.i hie lor a sir insiir,
• iTirted an apparatus for siilplniroos fiimi:.'aliMii, and
llMiivl.ili'd and piilili.<lied a Kreneli paiiipldet on that
iMiircIv; he read meilieal Inioks, and many eiirreiil works
|ol';rai'ral literaliire; proseeiiled the study of llie loTinaii
{.■^'mii^h hmu'iiaiies; and lahiUed llie aiieieni cniii^
luiJnii'il.ds of the Western Atiiseiim. Ill the midst of
Ilh. ivliole, he found lime loeiillivale his soeial lelalions;
luiil I'viry day added a new friend lo the eiil iln^iie of
. ivli I liiM'd him llir his simplii ity and fraiilxiiess,
|i,il'i«s tliaii lliey admired him fur his t;,.|iii|s, vivaeity,
mi ilili;,"nee. Thus, to iisjc an idiom die expression,
llirwiisa (jrowiii;; man, mid iiiicht have remained with
lu<.iiiil iliiiie well. Hut the hand of destiny was upon
Itiii. ile li.id lelV the hanks of the I'litapseo, lo he a
Ifililii' tiailier: the same ohjeel li:;d drawn him I'rom
|P:iiliilil|ilua lo ('ineinnali ; and that ohieil, at hiiiith, re.
Iitiiiil liimtolhe ijreat emporium of the iiiedieil seienees.
Iriiiiirary to Ihe wishes .iiiil imiKirtiinilies of his wesletii
Ifii :iil», ill till) aiiluimi of l^^!■2, with his yimii_: I'aniily, In
lilt iilF tiir lliii theatre of his future (flory ; whieli he
Im'IriI in safely, lhoii;f|l not without some of Ihe
liMiiy ilillieiillieH, ul that lime eonneeled with a jonrnDy
lirtiiMi the state of I lliio ; of which, ill ll letter from
IWIinhii); to one of his liienils in this eily, he (;ave a
Ibailinr aeeiinnl, ill nil respeels so ehiiracteriiitic, that
l«(l;n|rlo he excused liir extraetinjr il :
"\Vi' arrived last ninlil, nller a journey wliieh exceeded
lliiuisirii'i any twenly journeyH i ever made in my life
riiinklliid, liio whole has heeli proihielive of notliiii<
Ks.llian some hoarseness to niv wife, and a nallopiin;
pn."Uiii|iliiin of my hank notes. We were lliirleen days
1 till' way, (»(7i'r of wliieh nave us as heavy ruins as
<ii|iiior luiirtds could venture lo travel in; niid lhi>
I'll siieli a deliirlilfiilly Kii/( stale of the roads, Ihiil
Jill fir the roehs, (wliieh fortiiualely were not Iweiily
111 111 |ii\v the surface,) wo liiiKhl have lieeli cxliaeled
fciiiii' tlniinaiid years heiiee, ill a lii(;li stiilo of pre<i rvii
Vm, lo iheorale llesl's iiiiiscnin, liaviii); one of Dor-
I'liilli'ii iiiiiiiiiiiy I.iIii'Ih nroiind our iieekx.
' "Iflwerii one of Ihe ' tristful travellers,' I inijrht diaw
nil 'nutter of inel.incliolv' from these 'inisnilven-
P's' IK my iVii nil Sanelio I'lin/a calls Iheni. Iliil as
I'lmmil sun of lienven linn driven liirlli once more in
ln'iiny ehiriot, iiiid Iho eloniN are seatlered from
|*i'limij held scats, llioiio which have loured on my
HinJJiiive iilsii lied ; and with ' ii \\f,h\ lienri,' I am oiiei
h'ln iirciiaring lo eiieiuiiitcr nil the (jooil or ill thai ( iod
« ml."
I "I Dr. II ulnnii'i lifii mill lahoiim from this lime for
11' mIuU N.iy hut Ijllle, as ihey are Known lo all
t n iiOinir iHopli ' of Ihe t'nitcd Slalis, hotli in and out
of the prol'i ssion ; and as our chief ohjeet is lo presi lit
tho diilieiilties and Iriuniplis of liis earlier years, for the
heiielit ot'oiir voiintrer reailci's.
Ill Philadelphia he immediately heL'ail lo lecture on
aii.tomy and physiohiry, his first and f,'reali>t ohjccls ;
aid succceileil so well, that, in IS-JCi, he was called to
Uiit^fcrs' Collefre, in the oily of New York, as an asso-
ciate of Moll and Mnsnek.
Ill I.'^'J-I he was made ono of tho editors, (a rniikinf;
editor,) of the riiilaileljdiia Journal of llie Medical
Seieuecs: and conliiined a liheral I'niilrihulor lo that
respeel.ilile pi rinilieal, to the hist weel>s of his life.
.VlililTereiit limes he puhlishi da iniml.er of inleresliii^'
and eloipieiit iiitrnihutory leetii-es.
lie was the wrilir of several elahoralc analyticai and
criiieal reviews, in the .\mi r'leaii tjuarlerly.
At tlie present lime, actual discoveries in analoiny are
no more to ho ex|ii'i'leil, yet Dr. (i., with .-.diniralde skill,
revealed many new i nnneeiions and r'hitions ot' certain
parts, and dc^criheil them in u volume which he t'lilitled
.•\iialo!iiie,-il lnvesliL;alious.
lie translated and piihlishi d from the T.atin, rrciirh,
and (ieriuan lan^iiaees, a variety i.f iiiiper^ and distinct
treatises; several of llieiii on siih'ei Is not firnli ssiniial, a.s
for example, davas.seiir'.s Niirralive of I.a I'ayelle's Vi:-it
to the I'liileil State---.
lie wrote critical and enicnd;ilory notes on several iiii-
portanl l'hii,i|isli and continental wniks, wliieh ti.o hiHtli-
sfllers of litis countrv were ahuul to piiIiH-^li.
'I'lic article of N.iliiral llisliiry, in Ihe Kneyelopeilla
.Vim-rieaua, was exilic ively conlidul lo him, Liid hi.-
laliours upi.ii it ended oiiiy with his life,
Ile .stndiril llic ZiioloM-y of .v. Aui.rioa, luitli c.xi.tilisi
and fossil, and fivomed us with an iiili leslin^- and ex-
Icnilcd lii.lory of all its own ipiadriipeds, ciiiliraeii!;; a
t'real variety of new oliservatioiis.
Sueli were the l.ihoiirs of l:ie ilecea.seil, during' the
seven years that he resided in I'liiladi Ipliii and .New
Vork. Kur the whole of that peiiid, his life w.'is one ol
iinmitiijali ll toil. As ii,r hack as .Nuveiiiher, l.'^'.'.'i, he
writes to his t'rii ml Dr. I'esI,
"Whatever you i.' ly tliink of my Imi^ eonliuiieil
silence, ll has heeii iinavoidahly priidiiei d hy the iiices.
ant and lalxaioiis cinployuiciitH wliieh have oeeupii il the
whole of my lime,"
III I'"''.' I, he writes lo another friend—
" .My lime has U-eii very luiieli oeeiipied in tliii v.irinn-
dc.lii s wliieh devolve on me line, and I am i.lili;,''i d lo
neel.el my friends, in iippearaiiii , hee..ii.-.e il isinil ofniv
|s)wer lo 111 slow Iho nece:isai'y alt 'l.tioii to i.'orre.ipom!.
cnee."
.\^aiu, in I'-'i.l, he says lo Ihe <::\\i. —
" It is nil illess lo tell yon. 111, it 1 ain excessively occu.
pied, and shall he more .-o as Ihe w inter appro-iehi"-."
In Ihe next yc.ir we liiid hi,,i i-lill in the same eonili-
tiiin—
"If you e\|H'et iiiwi .at iny h ni'-," cays ho to Dr.
Ilest, "you evpeel in vain. My lile is one iiionolonoiis
round of iiice; saiil loil aller liread and /i'lar, that ' n i/aiii
portion of iineii'tain pajHr,' Of my siieei ss in Ihe I, read
niakini; way, I ctii, thank (Jod, speak move sati il'ii torilv,
than whin we last met, Ihmi^rh ilill nolhiii}; to hoiisl ol',"
.Aixaiii in Ihe same year he « rites —
" You rcenllecl liiuv niueh and how hard I had lo
work, when you were here — llial was iiolliin:.' In what I
have lo do now, as viirilanee and hihoiir are inee;.sanlly
demanded, not only to (rain more ' repillllion,' hut to re.
lain that wliieh I h.ive nheady vvilli vast t.iil neipiiied,"
111 the (iillovvin;; yiar, nfter he had n moved lo New
York, and was tin re a c iiiilldale for profc; .-ioiml hiisiiie is,
he writes lo Ihe same friend —
" The prospecis ol' our collei;o aro fair oiinii^^li nl pre-
sent, hilt wli.it will he the event, cannot he tnlil until the
lime ol'iriiil airives, I'or iny own |iirt, I am not a little
silk of the lile siieli a liu>in"s."i occasions, and ihliiU voii
liir heller oil', ill n silualiini, where you can aeipiiie n
siihsi^ti nee and ii sjmi I, wilhoul Ihe iiiees-ant worry atul
vexalinii iillend.inl on a lilii of prnli sKional iinihilinn.
I'or my own part, I shill lay myself as iniieh out for the
prorcssioii as I can, lliiiil;;ll I fear, Imt the h. st siihjict
for improvenii ul in that way. My sitnatiiiu i:- inch, ihal
I am ohliijed lo rely, In a very (rri at ili trie, on my |K'n,
and thai, yon will -ay, proihiei s hahils very lillle eom-
inlihlc with the introdnelion of onc'ii self iiilu pra^liie,
where there nro ho iiiaiiy prnll'iMiiHl Iiovvitk, i<crii|H'r», niid
llallrrers."
In the cnsninir witiler lie wan «ciiieil with the iliwase
of Ihe liimrs, III' whii ll he linnlly ihril, and was com|ielleil
lo iiiis|ii nil hi-i leeliires. In Ihe followinir ,l,imiarv, l."l".':l,
he s|ii,ik»lii the same i;i nllenian, of liin silimlion and
lahonis, ill Ihe.e alViclini; wmds—
201
" .\ly iMe.-ive evirlion, .iiid the exposure to a ilrcMl"
fid eliini.le dcilroyid ii.o. .^fy lmi;.'s heeanie diseased,
and last winter, I w-s Ihrealeiied with so rapid a ih cline.
as to force me to escape liom the climale of New York,
hy [Toiiii; to the West Iialies. The nionlhs of l-'i hrnary,
.Mareli, .ind .\|iri', my wife .-.ml I speiil in the Danish
Island of Santa ('rii;% where I very nearly perished from
my ilisease, thouL''!i I certainly slioiihl have done so in
New York, On my ntiirn to rhilndelphia, in .May, I
look a lionsi; in (Jerma.'iliivrn, within pevcii miles from
the eily, where J have since rfsided. Dnrinif tho warm
vveallii r I V, as aide Jo en ep aheiit, hilt since tho (irit of
the tall have heeii eonliued to a .single room. .My heallli
iliiriii',' all this lime ha:; hi 1 n in a very wrelched slate,
ami my cjiisiniijiliiin \i r\ ohv ioii.s indi cil, liir t wasted lo
hones and h-st all my sti'.u'jth. lliilil the List lloeo
weeks pa-it, I was cxeeeiliniily low, iiimhlo lo sit up, eat,
or perform any fiiiielinn ailv.inla^'.'oiisly. Siiiec the limo
nil i-lioeed I have :;ri ally reeovered in all re'-fiei t... .'My
eiei^-h is hy no iiir.ins Irnnlilcsome, and I eat and ski p
v.i II. What is lust of,- 11 i-< that I have niTer had liei lit;
■li'.ice !eaviiii.f .Vi-w N'nrk, vvlnre I VT is not prooirlv pre-
■-■erilied lor, Xolwiih-iiindiii^' all Ihesi- (Ir.iwhael.s, 1
li.'ive had my fliiiiily toMipporl, and havo done so merely
hy my pi n, 'I'liis ymi may suppu.-c severe inoii;.'li liir
one ill my cunililion, m verlli li ss iii eessily i-i a ruthless
uiasler. Al pre ant, thai I am comparatively wi 11, my
liierii-y oi-'iipili ins fiirio my ehhi'i leisure, and nil Iho
rei.Tct I expeiieiiee i-;, |ie-.t mv strcni.'lh is so iii:;ile'pialo
to my wishes. Slieiil'l my heallli lemain as ll is now I
-hall do very well, and 1 caimol lint lii'|s', sineo we liavo
ri 1 1 liily passed Ihroii: !i a Ireiiieniloiis spell of did we.i-
Ihi r, williiiiil my reeeiv in;; any injury. All my pro--peel-(
:'.s a piiiilie teacher ol'unatiiniy are utterly ilcslroyi d, as I
can never hope, nor Wi.nid I venture it' I could, acain In
resume my lihonrs. .My siieeess promised to he vciy
;;real, Iml il has pleased (Jed lli.it 1 should intve in a dii'-
lireiil diieelii.ii."
In Ihe liillio. in;; year, ci nlinnincf In write ier ti.e sup-
port of his family till liic hot minlli of his cxi.-leiice, Im
was tiken fnim llieiii, and In him they lo: t iluir all.
Twelve yiars of iim'.illi riiir; iiiilia Iry, that h.id cariii d
ills name int.i all tlic countries where splenee is i.iilli-
vateil, had imt en.ihled him to aeeumnlale propiity ; and
'tided hy coiisiniiiit;;- Mill to the (rriive, ere lie reaehed
the neon. day of lit'e, or had put forth, lo llicir full exi, f.t,
the v.i.sl iiilellieiiial powers, Willi w hie't he w.isciulovveil.
In nil tliii, III, re ii liuieli more lo -iriive than n-l.iiiisli
<•■■. As II pltvsici'in and snrt'con. Dr. (■iximan'u hui i-
tie.-.i wie; iiev.r eniiwiderahle, .\t the very 1 1 i;lnt'iiii; of
his profe-j-i itial career, his ttiiiid look n diili rent cliree-
liiiii. No Itiiniin heart was ever iinhiieil willi a deep' r
thirst fir ki.'iwlii!;,!', or warmed with a ni.hii r h.ve of
ul'iry. lie iiKih' lite llirnier siihserviiiil lo llie litter; hut
the olijeeti ri|' his iiiiihili Ul w ere leai hi .'^^ and wriliii; ,
iti'l tile prai'liei; of his pro!! ssion. iVrliii| s, itideed, ho
a.lipliilti'ie r.imsef his aiohilioii loliis l-.ste. Ile i ill- hid
reailiiiif, writii'ir, and lei turitis:, uiori; than Iho praelieo
'it' nil dicine; uuJ seitnht to ilcrivii I'reiii Iheiii, t!iat eiiie-
himenl, whiili, in tliii eouiilry, they li'Idom nil'iid, ami
w hieli can luiicli more certainly he ilra'.vn fioiii ,i close
alli iiliiai lo llie praelieal duties of flio pror.i.-iou. Had
he poiwe.-i.-ed a iialriiiiony, this course would hive hei ii
itnexeepliiiiiahle; vvillnnit loieha reliance, iioyouni; phy-
sii iaii slieiihl iiei|,( t the iiii'ijis of aeipiiriu;: pi'olf raioniil
liiisincss, rt the .mt-el of his career.
Dr. (hidmaii v. ;;-, wit'ioiil douht, a in.in of ^'iTiiiis; hut
was not, peril. ips, so much Ihe i-xpositor, as l!ie hi^lo-
ri.in of ii.ilme, Oli-erxiiiir, imaginative, IliunI, and t'ra-
pliieal, he aliiiiiialed less in deep and oriiriiial nnalysi-i
than vivid iinil iieeiirnte deliiii ntioiis, 'I'hiis his mind,
like that of l.'ii ri lii:s, Darwin, and (hiod, was poi Ileal
and philo.-ophieal ; 'mil he lell hi hind him si vi ral liiLMlivo
pii CI s, written ehi' Hy in his last illness, which pnvi Ihat
he ini::lit have iltoiie as the poi I of nature, ml less than
her hislori 111, had circiniistaiices iiwiikeiii d his powers.
He piisia -sed nne'iimuiiii ahilllie-i lor ilis-'cclion, and
was acenstomed, in the presi nee i f his I'lai-, lo disiti-
I in;;le the ►trneturci iuteniled for cvhihilion ; llnis i-liovv.
in;r Iheir eonncclioiiM and di pendi necs, wliih' ho dc-
seiiheil Iheiii w illi that clearness, niilmatioii, and i In.
ipti nee, wliieh only ran render Ihosliidy of analoiny at.
Ir.ielivc.
Ill every silintioii, and on every snhjcci, lii^ altrntlon
wan i(!live mid aeiile, lii» pereeplioim rapid, his inemnry
cxci cdin(,dy relonlivc, mid his ralioeiualiiui profound and
Hnalvlienl,
I'or laiiniinues, ho had holli ta»le anil lak'iits; mid,
niieccedeil in acipiiriii!,' a praelical kiiowlidire of a (jrcalcr
niinihi r, pi ihap.i, than any .\iiicrieaii phyiiian wliu had
prei edeil liini.
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I' IV i
292
RAMDLES OF A H XTVRXIASfT.
Tlio qualities of hiii tiourt hariiiouiscd witli tlioso of
Iii.') bead. They did honour to tin; profussioii, and in-
spired confidence wherever ho went. To pnro moral
habiU, and incorruptible honesty, he added that unsus-
pecting frankness, and , II those fine and glowinj; sensi-
bilities, which at onco excite our rcs|>ect, and win our
■flection.
liut it is not our design to attempt an extended delinea-
tion of his character, and we shall close an artiilu already
prolonged far beyond our original intention, with his own
ctatoinent of his opinions and ho|ies, in regard to that
world of which he is now a " bright inhabitant."
In Ilia last letter to Ur. Dcst, who followed him in a
few months, he writes : —
" It gives mo great happiness to learn that yon have
l)ecu tiiught, as well as myself, to tly to the Kock of
Ages for shelter against the alHietions of this lil'c, and
for ho|)e.4 of eternal salvation. Hut for the hoiRS afforded
n»o, by an humble reliance on the all-suflieient atonement
of our blessed Redeemer, I should have Ijecn the most
wrctelicd of men. But I trust, that the afllictions I have
endured have been sanctified to my awakening, and to
tlie regeneration of my heart and life. ."May we, my dear
friend, |ier«ist to cling to the only sure support against
all that is evil in life, ami all that is fearful in death."
Thus fell from the firmament of flic American profes-
sion, before he had reached his meridian splendour, one
of the brightest stars which have yet risen alxive its hori-
zon ; but lie was ono only, and, we may iinpe, that his
own example will contribute to plaeo soinu other in the
Constellation.
RAMnLE.S OF A N.VTURALIST.
The following interesting sketches appeared first in
" The Friend," a weekly |H<riodical of this city. As few
of our subscribers have an ojiportunity of seein).; that
work, we think the Rambles will furnish a pleasing di'
Tcrsily in the columns of the " Library," and supply to
our young readers es|)eeially, some interesting instruc-
tion, while they alV'ird useful suggestions for a farther
p.-ose<:ution of the healthful and delightful study. Few,
wo b»'licve, will finish their iHirusal without regretting
that death frustrated the original intention of the amia-
ble and gided author, to extend the scries sulHeiently to
form a volume. Dr. (indman died on the 17th of April,
IS^I), deeply regretted by a largo circle of acquaintiinces,
who will long hold Mm in uHeetionate remembranee.
It is very gratifying to have an opportunity of redeem-
ing " gems so rich and rare," from eoinparotive nliscu-
rity, and giving them at oiiee jin extensive circulation,
Olid a merited and abiding celebrity.
NO. I.
From early youth devoted to the study of nature, it
has always been my habit to embraee every opportiniity
of increasing my knowledge and pleasures by actual ob-
servation, and have ever li)und ample means ofgratilying
this dis|Hisiti(iii, wherevi r Miy place has been allotted by
I'rovidvnee. When an inhabitimt of the country, it was
snllieient to go a li'W steps from the door to be in the
midst of numerous intiresling olijeets ; when a resident
of the crowded eily, a healthful walk of half an hour
placed me where my I'avourile enjoyment was olVeri'd in
nbnnilanee ; and now, when no longer able to seek in
fields and woods and running streams for that knowledge
which oiumiil readily be elsewhere obtained, the rceiillee-
tion of my I'nrmer rambles is productive of a siilisliietion,
which past pleasures but seldom bestow. Perhaps u
st.itement of the niaiiner in which my studies were piir-
BiK d, may prove interesting to tliiise who hive the works
of nature, and may not lie aware how great a field liir
original observation is within their reach, or how vast a
larii'ly of instrnetivo objeits are easily nreessilile, even
to the oeeu|winls of a bustling metropolis, 'i'o me it will
Im' n source of great di'lighl to spread these resoiirees be-
fore the reader, iind enable him sn cheaply to partiel|)nte
in the pleasures I huve enjoyed, ns well as place liim in
the way of enlarging the general jfnek of knowledge by
conimunicating tiio results of liis original observntions.
One of my favourite walks was through Turner's lane,
nenr I'hllndelphin, which is nlHiut n quarter of a mile
king, and not iniicli wider than an ordinary street, iK'ing
closely fenced in on fioth sides; yet my render may feel
surprised when infiirmed thul I loniid ample eniploymint
for all my leiaiire, during i ix weuks, within and about its
precincts. On entering the lane from tlio liidgo road, I
observed a gentle elevation of the turf licneath tho lower
rails of the I'enee, which apiK-ared to be uninterruptedly
continuous ; and when I had cut through the verdant
roof with my knife, it proved to be a regularly arched
gallery or subterrancar. road, along wliich the inhabitants
could securely travel at ail hours h illiout fear of discovery.
The sides and bottom of this urcluil way were shiooth
and clean, as if much used ; and the raised sujicrior jior-
tioii had long licen firmly consolidated by the grass roots,
intermixed with ten.aeious clay. At irregular and fre-
quently di.stajit intervals, a side path diverged into the
neigliliouring fields, and by its su|K-rticial situation, irre-
gularity, and frcfpient o[(4.iiings, showed that its purpose
was temporary, or had Utii only o|H'!ied for the sake of
procuring food. Occasionally I found a little gallery di-
verging from the main route Uneatli the fence, towards
the road, and finally o|it:iiing on the gra.ss, as if the in-
mate had come out in the morning to lircallie the early
air, or to drink of tlie crystal dew which daily gemmed
the close eropi>ed verdure. How I longed to delect the
animal which tenanted these galleries, in the |ierforniance
of his labours I Farther on, uiHiii the top of a high bank,
which prevented the |iatiinay from continuing near the
fence, apjuared anotJier evidence of the industry of my
yet unknown miner. Half a dozen hillocks of loose, al-
most pulverised earth were thrown up, at irregular dis-
tances, communicating with the main gallery by side
pa.ssages. 0[iiniug one of these carefully, it ap|H'nred to
litfer little f'rnni the common gallery in size, but it w.ns
.cry dillieult to ascertain where the loose earth came
from, nor have I ever been able to tell, since I never wit-
nessed the tbrnialinn of these hillocks, and conjectures
are forliiilden, where nothing but observation is requisite
to the decision. -My farther progress was now inter-
rupted by a delightful brook which sparkled across the
road over a clear sandy bed ; and here my little gaUeriis
turneil into the field, cour^ini; along at a nioderuto dis-
tance from the stream. I crept through the fence into
the meadow on the west side, intending todi.scover, if pos-
sible, the animal whose works had first fixed iny attention,
but as I appro.ae!ied tlie bank of the rivulet soinetirmg
suddenly retreated towards the grass, seeming to vanish
almost unaccountably from siijlit. Very carefully ex-
amining the iMiint at which it disap|K'ared, I found the
entrance of another gallery or burrow, but of very dif-
ferent construetion from tliat first observed. This new
one was formed in the grass, near and among whose
roots and bnver stems a small but regular covered way
was practised. Kndless, however, would have ticen the
attempt to t'ollow this, as it niH'ned in various directions,
and ran irre^'ularly into the field, and towards the brook,
by a great variity of passages. It evidently U'loiiged to
an animal totally ditrertnf from the owner of the subter-
ranean pas.-iaiie, iLs I Mib.^qiunlly di.-eovered, and may
herealler relate. Tired of my unavailing pursuit, I now
returned to the littb' bris>k, and seating myself on a
stone, reiiiaiiud lor some linie iineonsi ioiisly gazing on
the fiuld which ensheil aloni.' in unsullied brightness ovir
its pebbly IkiI. ltp|H»ite to my seat, was an irrignlar
hole In the Ih d of ihe stream, into which, in an idle
iniHid, I pusbtd a small jiebldc with the end of my stick.
What was my surprls*', in a li'W seconds afterwards, to
observe the water in this hole in motion, and the pebble
I had pushed into it cently approaeliinif the surface.
Such was the fiel; the hob' was tlie dwelling of a stout
little eravfish or fresh water lobster, who dlil not choose
to lie incdinmiMlid by thi' |"bl>le, tbongli doubtless he nt-
Irilinlcd its suddi n arrival to the usual accidents of the
stream, and not to my Ihnngbtless movenients. Ho had
thrust Ills broail lubster-like claws under the stone, and
till n drawn them near to his iiionlh; thus making a kind
of shelf; and as he r< allied the edge of the hole, he sud-
denly extended his claws, and rejiclid the incmnbranee
from the lower side, or down stream. Dilighted to have
liiund a liviii;; object with whoso habits I was nnac-
ipiaintei', f should have reixati-d my ex|Hrimenf, but the
erayfish presently returned « ith what iniirht Is' ealleil nn
ariufiil of rubbish, and tlirew it over the side of his cell,
and down the stream as lu'lore. Havini; wiiteheil him
liir some time while thus engaged, my iitlcnfiiin wan
eanglit by the considi'rable nniiilier of' similar holes iiloiig
Ibi^ margin and in Ihe lied of the stream. One of these
I explored with a small rod, and found it to be eight or
ten inebes deep, and uldeiH'd below into ■ considerable
ehanilHT, in which tlic little lobster found a comfiirfalde
aluiile. Like all of his trilv, tho crayfish makes eon-
sidi ruble op|M>sition to being rcniiiveil n-oni his dwelling,
and bit smartly nl the slick with his claws: as my pre-
SI nl objc 1 1 was only lo gain arqiiaintaiiee with his dwell-
iiig, lie wa* K|H.cdily iitrmittcd h> return to it in |ieuev.
Under tlio end of a stoiio lying in the bed of the stnam
sonictliing was floating in the pure current, vvhidi al
first seemed like the tail of a fish, and being desiruus to
obtain a liettcr view, I gently raised tlic stone on ii,
edge, and was rewarded by a very beautifiil sight Tic
object first observed was tho tail of a beautiful salaman-
der, whoso sides were of a |iolc straw colour, tlcclifj
witli circlets of the richest crimson. Its long Uzard lit.
body eecnied to be semitranspurent, and its sleiuler liin|»
appeared like mere productions of the skin. Not far di..
taut, and near where the up|H'r end of the stone had Ij,,,,
lay crouched, as if asleep, one of the most beaiitifn'lv
coloured frogs I had ever beheld. Its body was sKikI,,
compared with most frogs, and its skin covered wiili
stripes of bright reddish brown and grayish gricn, i;,
such a n anner as to recall the beautiful markings of ih,.
tiger's hide; and since the <ime alluded to, it has rcirivc]
the name of 7'ign'n« from Leconte, its first scientilic A.
scriber. How long I should have been content In p,,,
at these beautiful animals, as they lay basking In i!
living water, I know not, had not the intense heat made
me feel the necessity of seeking a shade. It wu.s ncn
past 12 o'clock, I bi'gaii to retrocc my steps towards ili(>
city ; and without any particular object moved alonj liy
the little galleries examined in the morning. I had jij.
vanced but a short distance, when I found the last |.|j|,i
where I had broken open the gallery was re/wirci/. Tiit
earth was [HTl'ectly I'resh, and I had lost tlie chanro n I
discovering the niiiier, while watching my new ncquaint.
anecs in tliestreain. Hurry ing onward, the .same cirfmn.
tunco nnifornily presented; tho injuries were all itliii.
cnlly re|iaired, and had evidently been very rictiilli
completed. H(!ro was one |ioint gained ; it was asu:.
lairieil that these galleries were still inhabited, and I j
lio|K'il soon to become acqu.tinted with the inmatis. Iltt
at this time, it appeared fruitless to delay longer, and I
rifnrned home, filled with anticipations of pleasure (nn
the success of my future researches. These I siiall nlal*
nn another occasion, if such narrations as the pnscnili^ I
thoughl of sufficient interest to justify tJieir pre-scntain^
to tho reader.
NO. II.
On the day following my first related excursion,
started early in the morning, and was rewarded liy i
riy
ml)
sight, which could not otherwise have lieen ohtaiiu<
well worth the sacrifico of an hour or two of flup. I
Tliero limy Im> jiersons who will smile coiiteni|ituniiilr I
at the idea of a man's being delighted with such trilldi
nevertheless, wo are not inclined to envy such as iIl..
esteem the pure grulifieution afforded by tli.se fimfltl
anil easily accessible pleasures. As I crossed an uptn I
(it on my way to the lane. It succession of gossaiinr s
der webs, lightly suspended from various wmls sWl
small shrubs, attracted my attention. The dew wliiciij
had formed dining Ihe night was condensed iiponlliil
delicate luce, in globules of most resplendent lirillian", I
whose clear lustre pleased wliiU^ it daz/.led the sl(;lil. hi
cum|Hirison with the immaculate purity of tin sr (•(«[
drops, whieh rellecfeil and refracted the mnrnini; li;kll
in benutil'ul rays an the gossamer webs trcmlijid in tiiel
breeze, how poor would np|K'ar the most invnluaMi- d
iniinds that were ever obtained from (ieleonda nr llrj:
How rich would any monarch lie fjiaf could lmn$l i><|
possession of one such, ns here glittered in Ibnusamls
every herb and spray ! They are exhaled in nn li"iir
two and lost, yet they are nlmost daily ntVered to tliri I
lighted contemplation of the real lover of natiiri', n'lf
ever happy to witness the iK'neficcnco of the great I'm I
tor, not less displayed in trivial circum.Htaiiees, ihan till
most wonderful of his works. f
No particular change was discoverable in tlif "wlil
of my little miners, except that all the places wliiililnil
Ikcii tt second time broken down were again ri'|«in(,|
showing that the animal had (lassed between tin' tiiMI
of Miy visit; and it may not be nninleresling to olwitl
how the repair was eirecteil. It appeared, when llicrj-r
innl arrived at the spot broken o|icn or exjMiscd tut
air, that it changed its direction lullieiently do\mi'»''>|
to raise enough of earth f'roni the lower surliiiii li; liU W
the opening; this of course slightly nltired the iliriTtW|
of the galhiy at this iKiiiit, and Ihoiigli Ihe enrtli llm"
up was quite pulvernient, it was so nicely arched m >
main its place, and soon lu'Ciinie consolidated. lU'l
broken open a gallery wliero the turf was vcrydow.u
the soil tenacious, t was pleased to find the ilirrrliniia
Ihe ehamlM'r somrwhat changed ; on digging fafthf' '^
my clasp knife, I found a very lieiuilifiiT cell pjiavnlnl'l
very longh cluy, di«'|MT than ihe coinnioii lini '■' *l
gallery and towards one side. This little lodgiiif'*^
KAMULES OF A NATUHALIST.
293
bed orilirslriaiii,
current, whiih ai
I being (Usiruus in
tlic stone on '\\t,
lUlifiil siplit Tit
bcautilui falaman.
iw colour, lleckhl
Its Inni; liiMi Ilk;
id its flindiT liinls
skin. Not far di..
the sloiii' hud Ijitii,
e most bcautil'ii'i]v
( bwly was slciid'-
skin Covered wiih
grayish greiii, a
ful ninrkiniis nl'iho
•<1 to, it has riniKj
Ls tir»t seienlilic i|..
en content to (jazf
lay baskine in i!
! intense heat riijile
hade. It was nn
ly steps towards tlm
ect moved aloiij liy
inrnin);. I had r.t
fonnil the last |,luio
' was rfjuiirril. Tin
1 lost the elianrc n
ig my new nc'nuaii,!.
rd, the same eirnini.
irlea were all eliic.
been very recciiliy
lined ; it vvaa awi:.
ill inhabited, anil I
lib llic inmates. Iliit
delay loncer, aiiii 1
ons of plea.sure lr'.i!i
'ITiesL" I siiall ril)i(
ons as the prescnl If |
ify tjicir prcscmalim
related cjtcursicn, I
ran rewarded liy mt
have l>een ohtaimd. I
or two of fill p. [
ile conteni|)tunii>lr |
with sueh lri!i'<,
envy siieh as ili--
1 by tb.'fc simfl(|
I crosM il an npia I
ion ofcossannrpif
various weeds wJ I
The dew wlmiij
condensed iiptin It:- 1
ilendenl brillian"
led the si(;lit. hi
,)urity of Ihisc Ail
Iho moniiiii! liihl
bs tremlili'd in ii«|
ost invnlimWi' iii-
(ioleonda nr ]\n:i'
at eonid IkwsI 'I«|
rid in Ihousamls i
inled in an li"iit'
y otfered to tlir i'-l
r of nature, «li' i|
oof the (.'real Cm [
umstanees, llian wl
spl
fl
Table In llir '"'^l
lie places wliirh W|
■re iiK''i" "'I'"''"''!
. between llu- liiwl
ilcreHlinil tn ''l">'"|
•nred, wlienlhf i"
1 or ex|><»e(l I"
lieientlv dowim
„er suriaeeli lill™
nlU'red llic iitt^f
i){li the earlli iM
nicely nrclicd m >
msolidated. ll"ii(
■f was very rliw'.i
And the direoM*^
diir|fin({ ftnlif"^
iftil cell Pieav«li_il^
omnioti I'H 1 1
1 little lodpiijf-"
ronU proliably have held a small melon, and was nicely
ri-lied all round. It was |ierfectly clear, and (piite
<iuoolli. 1"* '' '""<!'' "^''' > '0 examine it fully, I was
oliliiro*' '" "I*" '' coi"l''*^'*-''y- ('1'"' '"'■^l ''".Vi '' ^^i"
nrilaced by another, niado a little farther to one side, e.\-
rllv of the same kind; it was replaced a se^cond time,
l.ut'wlien broken uji a third time, it was lell in ruins.)
\s twelve o'clock approached, my solicitude to discover
ilii' liltle miner increasi'd to a considerable degree : pre-
noas olis< rvation led me to iKdieve that about that tin.^
Ins iiiesc-nce was to l)c exjiected. I liad trodden down
ill' L'allery for sonic inches in a convenient place, and
tlo(«l elosi^ by, in vigilant ex|)ectation. My wishes were
fniililv gratified ; in u short time the flattened gallery
[Ljn at one en.»! to Iw raised to its former convexity,
aiid the nnimrJ rapidly advanced. With a bcMting heart,
1 Uirust the knite blade; down by the side of the rising
cirtli, and quickly turned it over to one side, throwing
niv prize fairly into the sun-shine. For an instant, he
fci'iniij motionless from surprise, when I caught and im-
iirisoned liim >» <»y 'lat. It would liii vain for me to at-
Ifiiiiit a description of my pleasuro iti having thus suo-
CM'ded, small as was my comiuest. I was deliybtiMl with
thebi'auty of my captive's fur; with the admirable adap-
Utioii of Ids diggers or broad rose-tinted hands; the
wonderful strength of his forclinibs, and the |)eeuliar
luitableness of his head and neck to the kind of lil'e the
.\nUior of nature had designed him for. It was the shrew-
mole, or tcaloiu canailensit, whose history and |)cculiari-
tio» of structure arc minutely related in the 1st volume
of Godman's American Natural History. All my re-
ecarclies never enabled mo to discover a nest, fcnmlo or
vonnjr one of this species. All 1 ever caught wcro males,
ihoush this nmst probably was a mere accident. The
lirndiiig of the scalops is ne^irly all that is wanting to
render our knowledge of it complete.
This little animal has eyes, though they arc not dis-
covrraliW during its livinfr condition, nor arc they of any
uio to it allow ground. In running round a room, (until
ii had |vrlectly learned where all the obstacles stood,) it
wnald iinitorinly strike haid against them witli its snout,
and then turn. It appeared to me ns singular tliat a
croature which fed uiion living earth worms with oil the
erowliiiess of a pig, would not destroy the larviB or mag-
cotsof the llcsh liy. A shrow-molo lived for many weeks
ia my study, and made use of a gim case, into which he
siimiiid liiiiiself, as a burrow. Frequently ho woidd
carry the meat he was fed with into his retreat | and as
it was warm weather, the flies deixisited their eggs in
the same place. An offensive odour led nio to discover
lliL'i cireiinistance, and I found a numlwr of largo larva;
oviT wliieli the shrew-mole passed without paying them
any ntlention : nor would lie, when hungry, accept of
laili f Bid, though nothing could exceed the eager haste
mill wliieh he nchcd and munched earth worms. Olti'ii
when cii(Tnged in observing liim thus employed, have I
thmiirht of tho stories told me, when a boy, of tho man-
niT in which snakes were destroyed Uy swine; his vora-
city readily exciting a recollection ol lie of these iiuimnls,
tad the jMHir worms writhing and twining aliout his jaws
tnsweriiig for the sinikes. It would 1ki tedious were I to
relate all my rambles undertaken with a view to gain a
ppn|)i r rieipiaintance with this Creature, nt all hours of
the day, and lato in tho evening, beforo daylight,
Ac. 4e.
Aiiiimg other object)* which served as an uiifailing
cuiree of ninuseincnt, when resting from tho fatigue of
ni\ walks, was tho littlo inhabitant of tho brook^ calleil
the gyiiniit nalalor. These merry swimmers occupied
every little sunny pool in the stream, apparently alto-
fctlicr engaged in siiort. A circumstance connected
with these insects, gives them additional interest to a
rime observer ; they aru allied by their strueturo and
nalare to those natiicons vermin, the eimiecs (or liftl-
''«ir«.i All of which, whether found infesting fruits or
oar dormitories, are distinguished by their disgusting
odour. Ihit their distant relatives, called by the boys
the iraln-uiUrhei and apfite imellrit, the gyriniis natator
ibovo alliideii to, has a deliglitlid smell, exactly similar
to that nf tho richi'st, mellowest apple. This (leculiiirlv
plcwant sineil fVequently causes tho idler many unavail-
lilt I'lTorts to secure some of those creatures, whoso ac-
livily in water renders their pursuit very diflicnlt, though
liy no means so inneli so ns that of somo of the long
Irjfi'd water spiders which walk tho waters dry sliixl,
ind evade the grasp with surprising oaso anil wlerity.
Wliai purposes either of these racers servo in the great
ifoiininy of nature, has not yet Isien ascertained, and
• illx'treely Ik> determined until our store of/rirfs is fiir
more oitensive than at present. tMlier and still more
trmarkalilo Inhabitants ul the linsik, at the Han;e time.
came within my notice, and alforded nmch gratification
in the observation of tlicir habits.
NO. HI.
In moving along the bonlers of the stream, wo may
ol<serve, where the sand or mud ia fine and settled, a sort
of mark or cutting, as if an edged iiistriimeiit had been
drawn iiloiig, so as to leave liehiiid it a traeli or griMrtc.
At unu unil of this line, by digging a little into the mud
with the hand, you will generally discover a shell ofeun-
siderable si'/.e, wliii li is tenanted by a iiiolluseoiis animal
of singular constnietion. On some occasions, when the
mud is washed off from the shell, you will be delighted
to observe the beautifully regular dark lines witli which
its greeni.sh smooth surlliee is marked. Other H|>ecies
are timnd in the same situations, which, externally, are
rough and ineh'gnnt, but within are ornamented to a
most admirable degree, presenting a smo'ith surliiee of
the richest pink, erimson, or im-ple, to which wo liavc
nothing of cciual ehgance to t. riipare it. If the mere
shells of these creatures b<; thus xpk ni id, what shall we
say of thi ir internal structure, which, when examined
by the niicroscoiic, offers a succession of wonders 7 The
beautiful apparatus for respiration, formed of a network
regularly arranged, of the most exquisitely delicate tex-
ture ; the foot, or organ by which the shell is moved for-
ward through the mud or water, conqioscd of an cxpandcil
spongy extremity, capable of assuming various figures to
suit particular purposes, and governed by several strong
muscles that move it in ilifferent directions; the ovaries,
filled with myriads, not of eggs, but of |ierfeet shell ;, or
complete little animals, which, though not larger than
the jKiint of a fine needle, yet when examined by tho mi-
croscoiM-, exhibit all the peculiarities of conliirmation that
beloMg to the parent; the month, embraced by the nervous
ganglion, which may be considered as the aniniars brain;
the stomach, surrounded by the various processes of the
liver, and the strongly acting, but transparent heart, all
excite admiration and gratify our curiosity. The puzzling
question oflcn presents itself to the enquirer, why so much
elaliorateness of construction, and such exquisite orna-
ment as are common to most of these creatures, should
lie liestowed t Destined to pass their lives in an<l under
the mud, possessed of no sense that wo arc acqu.iintcd
with, except that of touch, what purpose can ornament
serve in them? However niiieh of vanity there may be
in asking the question, there is no answer to be offered.
We cannot suppose that the individuals have any power
of admiring each other, and we know that the foot is the
only pait they protrude from their shell, and that the in-
side of the shell is covered by tho membrane called tlic
inanlle. Similar remarks may lie made relative to concli-
ology at largo : tho most exquisitely beautiful forms,
colours and ornaments arc lavished U|ion genera and s|K'-
cies which exist only at immense depths in the ocean, or
buried in the mud ; nor can any one form n satisfactory
idea of tin; object tiic great Author of nature had in view,
in thus iirofusely iKiaulif'ying creatures occupying so low
a place in tho scale of creation.
IOuro|H'an naturalists have hitherto fillen into the
strangest absurdities concerning the motion of 111' bi-
valvi (I shells, which live minutes' observation of nature
would have served them to correct. Thus they descrilio
the up|ier part of the shell as the luwn, and the hinil part
as the front, and s|H'ak of them as moving along on their
roniiiled convex surface, like a Imiit on its keel ; instead
of advancing with the edges or open part nf tho shell to-
wards the earth. All these niistiikes have liccn corrected,
and the true mode of progression indicated A-om actual
observation, liy our fellow citizen, Isaac Lea, whose re-
cently published communications to the .American Philo-
sophical Society, refleet the highest credit upon their
author, who is a naturalist in the best sense of the term.
As I wandi'red slowly along the liorders of the run,
towards a little wood, my attention was caught by a eon-
siriernble eollectioit of shells lying near ail old stump.
.Vlany of these ap|MNired to have Is'cn recently emptied
nf their contents, and others seemed to liavn long re-
mained ox)iuscd to the weather. On most of them, at the
thinnist part of the eilge, a iM^culiar kind of fracture was
obvious, and this seemed to lie the work of an animal.
A closer examination of the bicality showed the fiiot-
steps nf a quadrn|)ed which I readily believed to lie the
miiskral, more es|M'eially as upon examining the adjacent
banks numerous truces of burrows were discoverable. It
Is not a little singular that this animal, unlike all otlierK
of the larger gnawers, as the Is'aver, f<i: ap|H>ars to in.
crease inslenil of diminishing with the increase of |Mipu-
latiiin. Whether it is that the dams and other works
thrown up by men, atUird more lavmirable silnulinns for
their miilliplieation, or their favourite fuud is liiiind in
greater abundance, they certainly arc quite as numerous
now, if not more so, lliun when tlie coiintr}' was first dis-
covered, and are to lie tiiiind at this time almost within
the limits of tlio city. Hy the construction of their teeth,
as well as all the parLsof tho body, they arc closely iilliid
to the rat kind ; though in sizi' and some |H'euliaritii's of
habit, they more closely approximate the Is'aver. 'i'licy
resemble the rat es|ieeially, in not being exclusively
herliivoious, as is shown by tlieir feeding on the iiniones
or miisele.s above nieiiliuned. To obtain this focMl, re-
quires no small exertion of their strength; and they ae.
eoiiiplish it by inlrodiieing the claws of their fore-paws
between the two edges of the shell, and tearing it oisn
by main fiirei'. Whoever has tried to force open one of
these shells, containing a living animal, may form an
idea of the elfort made by tlie muskrat: — the strength of
a strong man would be requisite to produce tlic same re-
sult in the same way.
The burrows of inuskrats arc very extensive, and con-
siMjuenlly injurious to dykes and ilaiiis, meadow banks,
Sic. The entrance is always under water, and thcncu
sloping iipward.s above the level of the water, so that the
muskrat h;is to dive in going in and out. These crea-
tures arc excellent divers and Bwiinmers, and being noc-
turiial aro rarely seen unless by thoso who watch for
thein at night. Soinetiincs wo alarni one near tlie mouth
of the den, and he <larts away across the water, near tho
Iwttoin, marking his cours(! by a turbid streak in the
stream : occasionally we are made nwarc of the passago
of one to some distance down the current in tho same
way; but in both cases the action is so rapidly |H'rformcd,
that we should scarcely imagine what was the cause, if
not previously informed. Kxccpt by burrowing into and
spoiling the banks, they are not productive of much evil,
their food consivling principally of the roots of aquatic
plants, in addition to theshclKish. Tlicmuskyodonr,wliieli
gives rise to their common name, is eauscii by glandular
organs placed near the tail, filled with a viscid and |iower.
fully musky fluid, whoso uses wo know but little of,
though it is thought to be intended as a guide by which
these creatures may discover each other. This inference
is strengthened by finding some sueh contrivance in dif-
ferent races of aniiualii, in various modifications. A
gri;at number carry it in pouches similar to those just
mentioned. Some, ns the musk aninial, have the pouch
under the belly; the shrew has the ;,lands on the side;
the cainel on the back of the neck; the crocodile under
the throat, ite. At least no other use has ever lieen as-
signed fiir this apparatus ; and in all creatures possess-
ing it, the arrangement seems to lie adapted peculiarly
to the habits of the animals. The crocodile, for instance,
generally approaches tlui shore in sueh a manner, ns to
apply the neck nnd throat to the soil, while the jilnder
part of the Isidy is under water. The glands under tliR
throat leave tho traces of his presence, therefore, with
ease, ns they Come in contact with the shore. The glan-
dular apparatus on the hack of the neck nf the male ca-
mel, seems to have reference to the general elovntion of
tlic olfiiclory organs of the female; and tho dorsal gland
of the peccary, no doubt iins somo similar relation lo tlio
IK'eiiliarilics of the rnce.
Tho value of the fur of the muskrat causes many of
them to lie destroyed, which is easily ciinngh effected by
means of a trap. This is a simple box, formed of rough
Ixinrilfl nailed together, about three feet long, having an
iron door, made of |Hiiiitcd bars, o|s'ning iniraitU, at iKitli
ends of the box. This trap is placed with the end opiio-
site to the entrance of a burrow obscrvcil during the day
lime. Ill the night when the muskrat sallies forth, hn
enters the liox, instend of passing info the o|K'n air, nnd
is ilrowned, as the box is quite filled with water. If the
traps lie visited and emptied during the night, two may
Im' caught in each trap, as inuskrats !Vom other burrows
may come to visit those where the traps are placed, and
thus one lie taken going ill ns well as on coming out.
These animals are frequently very fat, nnd their flesh
has n very whidesomo np|iearanee, and would probably
prove good fmid. Tho musky odour, however, prejudices
strongly ngainst its use ; nnd it is probable that the ficsli
is rank, ns tho iiiuscIch it feeds on ore nauseous nnd hit-
ter, anil the roots which supply flic rest of its fiHid are
generally unpleasant and acrid. Still we should not
hesitati* lo partake of its llesli in case of necessity, es|>i'-
cially if of a young animal, from w liieli the musk bug
had liccn removed iinniediately after it was killed.
In this vicinity, the muskrat does not build himself n
house for llie winter, as our fields nnd dykes are Ion ofleit
visited. Ihit in other (larlB of the cnunlry where exten-
sive marshes exist, and muskrals are abimdaiit, they
build very snug nnd subsfantini houses, quite us servicf.
iyh-:l.<, ,',V
•a; 11* *
iHi
Wn i
■1
¥^
P
.J'
''^)H
'V
■A'
201
iiA32St:,i;s <!r a n.vtj iJAi-isr.
alile niid iirnniiJiis uk IIhim^ ot'tlic liciivcr. They do imt
dim til" wiitiT UN [in: Ikmut, ii'.r cut l.rimclics of triTs
1.) scrvi' liir lln' \v:ills d'." Ilirir (lv.( lliii;;s. 'I'lic y iiiiiUi' it
nriimd anil nr lie?, nii.-iii;; ii miir Iwii or tliric li i.'t liij,'li,
liiiviii!j tlio ciilr.iiici' (111 t!io .sr.ulli siili: iniilir walrr.
About tli(^ yi'iir ISOt, I kiw :-ivi'1m1 orilii-iii In Wnrrill's
iinrnli, nn:ir ('licstorli)Wn, .Maryl.iiiil, wliii li win: |iniiilrd
<int to mil hy iin uld Mirk m.Mi v. Im luiidu liis livin;; |iiiii-
I'ljially liy triippiii^r tlirsr niuiiials, I'lir t'ji' siilu' of lliiir
skins. A few yrais since I vl.-ilcd tlic niarslics, near tlic
inimlli of Miifjcrtliy river in .Marylaiul, where 1 was in-
fnrnieil liy a res-iilent, llial the iiiiislirats slill Iniill ri ;;n-
l.irly I'veiy winter. I'erliiqi.s tliise iinadnipLils are i,s
niiini'rnns in tlio viii.iily of riiilaikljiliia iis clsewliere,
n:i 1 have never evaiiiiiud a streain of Ire. !i wuti r, i'yi;eil
meadow, or uiillduiii, litj*eii!iiiul, williur.t :\i.iii;; lr.^ie:-; of
vast minilKii's. Alonir ijll the water couisis ai.d meadows
in .lersey, njiposito riiihidcljilna, lUld in tJic meadiiv.s ol'
liie iieeli, below tlic navy yard, tJiiic nii:tl I e lar^'e iiuiii-
liera of iiHi:ikrats. <Joii!-idcriu;< llie value of the fur, ami
the ca/e and trilliiiff c\|ii';).se at wliieli tliey mi;; lit la
i:aijjjlit, we liavo often lilt siujiri^ed that iiuae of them
are not titken, es]K eially uh v.i' li.ive ?o maiiv poor men
coin{ilainin;; of wniitinij Koinethini;' to do. \'\ lliinniii^
the mimlier of mnskrals, a posilive lienefl would lie <'iai-
ferreil on the farinerH and fmritrs, te> ^ay nothiii(J of tJ.e
pi'ulit:! (u Uic iiidividuaL
NO. IV.
i\fy next visit to my old Inintin? pruimd, l)ie lane and
Iir.iok, liap|ieni'<l on ii day in tin' tii>t hay harvest, when
the venlaiil Hwarii of the meadows was rapidly sinkin;;
Iielurc the kecucd;.fc.d Hcylliesswnnir by viirin'oiis mowers.
'J'liin niic.vpecli'd circniiislanee alVurded inu eoiisidi ral.k
pleasure, for it promised me a Ireer sei>]K' to my waiidcr-
ini;s, and luinht also enable mo to asei ilaiii various par.
ticidars, eonceriiiiijj wliieh my (iiriusity h:.d Ioiilt liein
awakened. Nor was this proniiM' onalU nili d by iViii'.ion
of my wislii's. 'I'lie re idi r may recollect, that, in my
first walk, a neat burrow in the uras-.-, above irrounil, v..-:s
observed, witliont my kninviiiK- ii.i anil, or. The advance
of the mowers explained this :■« lisliictorily, li r in eiiltin;,'
the loiiir jf''"i*''i ''"'y oxim-scd scvcimI ncfls of fa Id mii .■,
which, by incaiLs of tliese ?rass.eov( red alleys, passed to
the sirenm in search of liiod or drink, miMcn by their
rneinies, llio liavvk.s und owls. The iiiniil crs of these
little tre.aliires were tridy surprising.'; theii licmidity is
00 creat, and tlicir liiod so abuud.nl, tiial wi re tlicy i!i,l
preyed upon by many other iiniiicils, and destroyed in
;;rcat niimlicrs by man, llicy Wi.nlil beenme c\eecdinLr'y
troubli-soinc. 'I'hcrc are variiiiis s]m cje.s ol'tiicm, all bear-
in;^ a ver}' coiLsiilcraiilo rescjnbh.,iice to each oilier, and
liivinif to an incidiiiLLl ob.servcr liincli of the apiKjrancc
of the domestic luonsu. Sliirbl atl. ntii.u, however, li re-
tpiisile U> |ierccivu very .stjikin;; i!i:liience-i, and t.'ic (lis.
criminaliiMi nl' llicso will prove a Miiirce of considerable
jjratiiicalion to tlie t'.Txpiirer. The iie.4;( aro very nicely
made, and look much like a bird's iiesi, lieiny lined wilh
i-ofl iDatcriuU, uJi.l tisiially plac< d in some snii^r Utile
linlliiw, or at tlio ro'jt oTa slrong lull of f.'r.iss. l'|ion thi
;|rass root*! ajid rt'cds tlii>e liibbli rs pri.icipnlly fn d; and
where very abimdanl, tlie dlecLs oJ'thi ir linn;;;r may be
Hcen ill tile brown and wilJicred asjicet of the ^jrass they
have injured ut tii(> I'iKiL Ibil under ordiniry cireinn-
i-tances, tlie liawks, ouls, doinc.slie cat, v.eascli, crows,
\e. ke<'p them ui sindi liiniis, ili prevent them iVom do-
iii!/ essenti.il daina}re.
1 bad jiLst observe<l iinotlier iiiiil ii s. nailer prassy
rovered way, wliiTc the mow crs Imi! pabsed iilonp, when
my attention waa calb (1 towards a w.iron at a short ilis.
tance, wliieli was reeeiviiv^ its load. Sh'nts and liU;ihlcr,
accompanied by a pf'n( ral rnmiint.' an.l scriunblini; of the
people, indiciited that some rare ...port was ;r'»iin| forward.
\Vheu I appro.iclied, I lljnnd that the ohjeet of chase w;.s
a jumping iiioum', whose actions it was truly (Uli_ditfnl
to witness. When not closely pn ssed by its pursuers, it
ran with koiiic riipldity in the usual manner, as if seek-
iiilf concealment, lint in ii inoinent it would vault into
the air, and Bkini nluiifr for ten or twi he feet, lookini:
more like a bird timii ii little ipcidnipi'd. Al^r con-
timiini; tliia for some time, and nearly evhaiisli d its pur.
SUITS with rimnin'; iiiid I'lllini; over eaeli other, the
iViifhtencd orcitiire was nceidentalh : truck down by one
of the worUmen, durini; oiiu of its beanlifut Iciips, iind
kilkd. .\n the hnnters saw notliiiuf worthy of attention
in the dead body of the animal, lliey very willintrly re.
li^iiied it to inc; and with |;reat sittisl'ii lion I relrealed
III a willow shade, to read w hat nalnri' Imd wrillcn in its
liinii for my inHlruclion. The t''rif'i''i' app(av;inef' was
moii.iclike ; but tlio leiijflh and Hlendtrno^B of the body.
tlio sliorlr.cii!" of its fore limbs, niid tlio disjiroportionate
len^'lh of its bii.d limbs, tii;,'eth( r wilh the |K'euliarily ol
lis t:Jl, all indiij:.ti d its aikq tatioii to the piciiliar kind
ofaclion I li.:d jii>t v.ilc.cssed. A siL;lit of this little
eriatiire vanlliii^' or liuimdiii;: llirou;;li the air, strongly
remind, d me of what 1 bad read of the ^'riat kanyuroo
of .\'tw Holland; and 1 could not hcl[i rcirardinj; onr
lilllc jmnpcr as in some respects a sort of miniature re-
semblance of that curious animal. It was not cvrdent,
however, that the jmnpimi mouse derived the aid from its
tail, wliicli so powirfnily assists the kanj;uroo. Tboujjh
Ion;,' .lid sulTKiciitly stout In iiroportion, it had none of
iJie rolniM nniKcnlarily wliieh, in tlie New Holland ani-
mal, impels the lower part of the body immediately up-
ward. Ir 'Ilis moii.sc, the leap is principally, if not en-
tirely (flV'i ted by a siidilen and violent extension of the
loni.' hind limbs, t'le nlll^cles of wliii li are stronjf, and
admirably suiled to their object. We have heard that
these little aiiiinals lied on the roots, &(.'. of tlie ■;recii
hc.'ha;;e, and that they are every season to bo fiend in
lie nuMilowi-. It may p(rliaps pir//.!e some to iina;;ine
how they sil! si. t tliroiiuh the sevcritiis of winter, win n
VI 'ji tatiici is at rest, and the earth f,o nerally fiozen.
Here v.e find aiiothi r riceasien to admire the all-perfect
.!e.-.ii;ns of Ihii awlid .\uthor of nature, who has eiiilnwed
a j;r.at ir.miiRr of animals wilh tiie tiiculty of relirinf;
into the earth, .".nd pp.ssiii'j whole mnnlbs in a state of
repose so eom|ilete, as to all.jw all the I'unetions of the
body to 1)0 suspended, niilil the n lurnini; warmth of the
spriiijT call.s them iiatli t.j ri newt d activity and cnjov-
meiit. Tlie jninpiii^' mniise, when tlie chill weather be.
ciiis to draw niub, <]\z^ down about six or tiKbt inches
into the soil, and there Ibrins a little jrlobniar cell, as
lunch lar;;ir lliun Ida own body as will i.How a snllicient
eoverin^r of lino {;ra;-.i to lie intrcdiiccd. 'J'his being ob-
l.iini d, he eiriitriveii to coil up his body and limbs in the
centre of the soft dry };rass, lai as to liirni a compkie ball;
and so coni|iiet is Ibis, that, when taken out, with the
torpid animal, it may he rolled across a lloor witliont in-
jury. In thi- sun;; cell, which is soon filled up and
closed cxtinc.lly, the jum|iin;x mouse securely abides
lhron;rh all the iVo.iis and storms of winter, iieediu
ncitlii r liiid nor tin 1, bein;,' ulkriy rpiiescdil, and appa-
rently dead, thonu'li laisci plible at any time of reaniina
lion, by Ik in;^ very gradually btimidatcd by light and
heat.
The little burrow under ( xaniinatinn, when called to
obseive the jiintiiinij mouse, provi d to be m;ide by the
merry niici. i.u..* ot' the meadows, the f.eld crickets,
iir!,<la cti::ijiiitiis. 1'hcse livi ly black'crickds are very
iinaierous, anil (ontribule very larj;cly to that general
SOU!,'' wbii Ii is so di Ti;:litl'ul to the ear of the true bivcr of
nature, as it i iscs on the air from myriads of happy crea-
tures niiiieinL' nmid the bonnties ciinH.Tred on them by
I'n.vidriice. It is ii.t n r»iic that the crickets nller, but
a n unkir vibration of imisieal chords, produced by nib.
Iiini; the nerviirc.( of the elytra against a sort of network
iiileiided to prodiii c the vibrations. The reader will llm
an cxeidlelit deseri|)tion of the apparatus in K'irliy and
Silence's liook, hot ho nny cnjny a iiincli more salistiie-
t.!ry (Simprehension of tlie whole, by visiting the li( Id
crii Let in his summer ri i idencc, see iiim tuning his viol,
and awakening the echoes w ith lii,< music. Hy such an
examin.'ition as may be tlu.rc obtained, lie iiiav derive
more kiiowl. il;;e than by frei;iient perusal of tlie most
I loqneut wririair", und perhaps observo eirciimstiinees
wliieli the li arned autb.jr.s arc utt( rly ignorant of.
.\iiiong the great v;.ricty of burrows li.rmcd ill the
grass, or under tliii Burliiee of the soil, by varioiH ani-
m„ls and insi iH, tluie is one that I have ollcii anxiously
and as yet fniillessly explored. This burrow is liirmcd
by the smalle. t iiiiadriipi d animnl know n to uum, the
mimile tliiiii', which, w la ii full /;row n, rarely exceeds
the weight of l,'iiiii/-kix ^riiiiia. 1 had se( n Hpceimens
of this very interesting creature in the museum, and had
been taught, by a more experienced t'riend, to dislingiiish
i'.'i burrow, wliieh I bavcolltn [Hrsevi ring ly traced, with
the hope of finding the living uniinal, but in vain. Dn
one oec'isiiin, 1 p.ilicnlly pursued n burrow nearly round
u large li.irn, opi iiing it all the way. 1 followed it under
the barn lloor, which was suHlcicntly liigli to allow me to
crawl I eneatb. There I Iraced it about to a tirisome cx-
Iciit, Mild was at length rewarded by discovering where
it ti rminatid, undei n foundation Btonr, jiorliTtly sale
Horn my utii inpls. i\Iost probably a whole family of
them were then present, und I had my labour fiir my
pains. ..\itlie.ie little creatures are noiiiirmil, und arc
rarely si en flom the nature of the places they frc(|Uenf,
llie most prob.iblo liiodd of taking them nlive would be,
by placing n pniiU mi use Imp In Iheir wiiy, linlteil with
n linlc t.iinlid or slightly spoilrd meat. If n ronmion
; '■"■-IkjCms;
loulil I (vcr take the field again, inv trails
, ..' my desire to have one of these lilllc (|iii,i.
rnpeds is ^!ill ;.s great us cvir.
iiml there,
II be s( t
NO. V.
Ilitberto my rambles have bull confined to the i.ii-l,.
bonrboi.d of a single sjiof, with a view of shuvviii}; Inm
perlicfly uccessible to all, are i.umerous and variuus in.
teresting nntnral obji cts. This habit of observing in ijn.
manner indicati d, l.i gan many years anterior to my \is;t
lo the spots 111 retoioic mentioned, ami have cxti'iiJul
fbrougli many parts of our own and another coiiiiir\.
Ildici ii.rward my (jbscrvatious shall bo presented «iii,.
out reference to partieul.ir plaecu, or evi ii of cue plao.
exclusively, but w ith a view lo illustrate w batevcr iiiav !«.•
the subject of description, by giving all 1 have obstrwil
of it under various circumstances.
A certain time of my life wa.s s|K'iit in that p,irt of
.Anne .Arnnik 1 county, .Md. which is w ashed by the rinr
I'atapsco on the north, the great Chesapeake bay imtl.c
west, and the i'vM rn river on the .loiith. It is in every ili.
rcction cut up by creeks, or nrins of the rivers oiid luv,
into long, llat strips r.f land, called necks, the grcaler |iar|
of which is covered by dense pine fiircsts, or thickcl^ nf
small shrubs and saplings, rendered iinpcrviouK to Iniinin
liiotsfcps by the growth of vines, whose inextricahli.
mazes nothing but a fiix, wild cut, or weasel, could llircaj.
The soil (dearcd for cultivation is very generully |wcr,
light, and sandy, though readily susceptible of iiiiprdvc.
nient,and yielding a considcrubic produce in Indian corn,
and most of the early garden vigctablus, hy the riiisini;
of wliieh fiir IIk; lialtimorc market the inhubituiits nlilain
all their ready mom y. The blight of slavery lias luiij
exlinded its innuence over this region, where all ilMiMni
ciVects arc but too obviously visible. 'I'lie while inliabil.
ants arc few in iiiimbcr, wiikly distant from each dtlior,
and inanili'st, in their inismanagemcnt, .-ml half iiidiiriiil
cireumslances, bow trilling an udvuiitago they (krivv
iViiiii the thraldom of tin ir dozen or more of stiirJv
blacks, of ditfercnt sexes mid ages. The mniilKT oi'
mar.-hcs formed at the heads of the creeks, rcniler tl:n
country frightfully uiibcalthy in untunin, ut wliieli linn
the lili' of a resident physician is one of incessant iml
and severe privulion. Itiding from inorning till ni^'lit,
to gel round to visit n few patients, his road leads Kdior.
ally through pine forests, whose aged and lofly trees, en.
circled by a dense undergrowth, impart an air of souilirc
and unbrolicn solitude. Rarely or never does lit rn.
counter u white person on liis way, and only oiirc in a
while will lie see a mi.serably Inftcred negro, seuleil mi a
sack of cirn, carried by a starveling horse or mule, »luo!i
seems poorly able lo bear the weight to the nearest mill.
The ied-h(.i(l woo(lpe( kcr, and the llicker or yiilnu
hainmcr, a kindred species, oceasionully glance acnwsliii
path ; siiim>iines win n he luriis his horse to drink ntlkr
dark coloured branch, (.o such strciinis are locally ci llid.
he disturbs a solitary riiliins Ihriish engaged in wasliiiis
its plumes ; or us be moves steadily along, lie is sli^lilli
stiirtlcd by u sudden iippeurunee of the towla; biintuif I
(dose lo the side of the putli. I'ixccpl these ereaturis,aii(l |
these bv no means iVeipicnIly dccn, he rarely iiurU I
with ammulcd objects; at u dislanec the harsh vnioi/
the crow is ollcii heard, or llockH of lliciii arc olisirwl
in llie cleared fit Ids, while now and then the buzzard, oi
liirkey vuluire, may be seen wheeling in gracclid i;irrln
in the higher regions of the iiir, Bustuincd by his lirowll)
expumkd wings, which appurcnily reimiin in a rLiIc «f I
P'rinnncnt and inolioiilcss cxIciiHion. At other mawni I
of the year, the physician must Ih' cniitcnl to live in ll<
most po.itive seclusion; the while people are all liiisil;
empliiyid ill going to and from market ; and even mn
Iliey III home, they nro poorly Hiiited lor eonipuniiiiiiiliin
I hi re spent month uIVt month, und, except the lutirnl-
[ \i iled, iiiiw no one Imt the hlncks ; the hnU!M< in «liiili
I biiiirdi d was l(i'pl by a widower, who, with niyHlli'n
K.VIIULGH OF A NATIIU ALIST.
295
.; '*'?■-■■
viitU it (ivcr villi
|lilSS l.ltHull ll,0
y urc M,:i,nii|„j
ii^ tMt iiinr i.„js
; cnuH, imiug it,
►idi', thill |,|,|,|^
iKT. 'Mil' Sim,,,
lingly iliiiiiimii\r.
1 ('(iiiiiiioii im.iin.,
w ill a ri'iiiiirki.!,!,
wii, or (lurlt tl.,,.
ictli ill tl,e lni\,.,
i.-iiiicl lil illl; III,,,
lit of iliit. 'II.,,
linil Cii\v.|k,i:m,;
:l iijiuiii, my irq,,
I'tllCSU Utile (Jlliii,
imd to the nijl
V 1,1' short iiif; Imv
IS iiikI viii'iiiib in.
irohauiviiij.' ill il.i
iiltrior to my \islt
ml have cxIi'ikIhI
I iiliothiT ('oiiiilr\
JO iircsi'iiti'il wiii,.
ev( n of tilt' plaix'
(' wliiilivii may Ijc
ill 1 liuvu obsiTMil
it in that part of
aslieil hy tlio tivu
a|io;i|-.c Lay on tl.c
I. It is ill every ill-
Mil; rivers and lav,
Us, the t;reakT|iarl
ests, or thiekilsnf
ipervioiis to huiiian
,vhos(^ iiiextricahlu
easel, could lliruil.
ery i^eiienilly jh)*,'.
I'ptihle ol' iiupriivt.
lice ill Indian cum,
)lus, hy the raisini;
: inlialiitaiit.'< nlitaiii
it' slavery lias luiij
, where all ilsuMnl
rriie while iiilmbil.
jit IVoiii eiieli cillior,
lul hnir iiidi<.Msl
iitaHC they ilitivi'
lir more ot' sliirily
The niiinlKT ni
lereeks, render this
|inn, at whieli tiiiiu
ol" iiieessiint Iml
liiorniii); till ni|:lit.
roiid leads (;iiior
111(1 lolly tri'i s, oil-
t an air ol'soinlirc
[lover does he ra-
nd only once in a
iiejfro, sealed cm i
Irse or iiinle, wind
;i the nearest iiiilL
lllieker or yilluu-
(;laiice ueiwsliii
[rse to drink nllLf
are loenlly eillid,
i(;a({ed ill vva-«liiii;
iii(r, III' is shslilly
■lie lowlie liiiulinf
|iese preaturcs.and |
lie rarely iiirrU
,he harsh vuiouf |
jlieiil are olisimJ
en thii liii7.7,«r(l, 01
in (rracelid cirHti
leil by Ids liroadlv I
linin ni a Klalc «!
At other scasm
Itent to live in lU |
lie are all biisil;
; and even wn
iir e(Hiipamciiidiin |
[jieepl the puticnl'
e liniiiM^ in whiili
with myself, »»|
llir only white iiiau within tliu distance of a iiiilo or two.
!\|i' anil' cum)K'n--«ilion waa this, llie liouso wa.s pleasantly
fiiiiaWd on the bank of Curtis'sereck, a eonsideiahle arm
ulllw I'Jlapsco, which c.Ktonded lor a mile or Iwolieyond
and immediately in front of the door expanded so iis
lo torai a bcautilul little bay. Of books I possiwsed very
ffn. and lliose exclusively profe.s.sional ; bill in this heaii-
lii'il evp I"-"' i"'" sparklini; water, I hud n Issik opened
lii'iiro iiH'i wliich a lifc-tiiiie vvoiilcl scarcely sn/liee me to
riiil I'lroiifrli- Witli tJic advaiitflsie of a small bnt neatly
iiiidc and e.isily maiiaijcable sUilV, I wius always indepen-
,1, lit of the service of lliu blacks, wliich was ever repiiu-
II, lit lo inv f«H,'lin(js and principles. I could convey my-
fclfin wlintcver direction objects of iiuiuiry niiplit pre-
I -It. and as my little bark was visible for a mile in either
ii,f, itinii from the house, a liaiiilkerchief waved, or the
1, 1 1 sliniil of a negro, was sulliciciit to recall ine, in case
ij; .c,rviee.s were required.
Dirin;,' tlie spriim inontli*, nnd while tlie garden veije.
I,!,l,-s nre vet too young to need a great deal of iilleiilioii,
1,1,' |irM|irielors fre<|iieiilly employ tlieir blacks in lianlihij
I;,,' Slim' ; and this in these creeks i^ productive of a very
nii'ilc Mipplv of yellow perch, whieli .iflords a very valua-
i j :.ilili!i"n lo the diet of all. The hlaeks in an especial
iiini'.iT profit by this |M'riiid of plenty, since they are
'iraiiltid to eat of them without restraint, which eaniinl
i. sail! of any other sort of provision nlloweil thein. Kven
I „< niirs and crows obtain ilicir share of the iihundance,
„i llic lisliennen, after picking out tlic best (ish, tliro-.v
I ! 'sinaller ones on the beach. But as the summer months
I , iricicli, the aquatic grass begins lo grow, nnd this lisli-
I;.' can no longer he continued, becau-sc tiie gra.sH rolls
ii„ SL'iiie up ill a wisp, so tliat it can contain iiuthing.
V lliis tiiii* tlie spawning season of tlie dill'erent species
III' siin-fi-'ih begins, and to nic this was n time of much
fMliiifialioii. Along the edge of tlio river, where the
e,f-<\\\ of water was not greater than from llinr feet lo as
,!i,;:l,i\v us twelve inches, an observer would discover a
fjm'«ii)» of circular 8]iots clciired of the siirroundin,'
iTus, and showing ii clear sandy bed. These spots, or
il.'ari'd spaces, wo may ri'gani as the nest of tlii:i heaiiti-
llil lisli. There, balanced in the transparent wave, at the
ili-lance :if six or eight inches from tlie bottom, Ihe sim-
1 i.li H sn<|S'nded in the glittering sunshine, gently sway,
in; its lieautit'ul tail and fins ; or, wheeling around in the
liiuiliof il.-i little circle, apjiears to Ih^ engaged in keep-
in:; it clear of all uicumbranco-'. Ileie the mother de-
|i,-il< her egg.T or spawn, and mver did hen guard her
r.llw bnmd with more eager vigilance, than the sim-tish
liji- lillle circle within which her proiiii.sed oll'-ipring are
: M-it,',l. If another iiidividiiul appioacli too clonely to
, r U.r.liTs, with a tierce and angry air she daiUi against
!, anil liircus it to retreat. Siiould any small, and not too
invv oliject be dropjied io the nest, it is examined with
I jiiloiis altcnlion, and displaced if the owner be not satis-
lint of iU harmlessiiess. At the uppronch of man she
111. 9 wi()i great velocity into dee]i water, as if willing tu
f ,111 .:;d that her prcscncn was more than accidental wherf
fir<l si'iMi. She may, alTcr a few minutes, be seen eiiii.
liiudy (enluring to rotnrn, which is at length done with
nliK'ity ; then she wotilil takn a liurried turn or two
iriiiuiiiiiind scud biclt again to the shady bowers formed
liy Oic river grass wliich grows up from Iho bolloiu to
njiiliin a low feet of Iho surface, and attains to twelve,
tiilion, or more feet in length. Again slio ventures forth
fioin the depths; onJ if no further cause of fenr pr0J<nt.
111. woiilil gently sail into tlio placid circle of lier home,
I iiid * iih obvious sntisfnclion explore it in every part.
Uonidc.i tho absolute pleasure I derived from vii>iliiig
I I'lf lubititions of these glittering tonants of the riv.^r,
I hiiieini; over thom from my little skilT, nnd wntehing
tlii'ir every action, tliey IVeipiantly fiirnishrd mo with a
I tiry iiccc|it,-iblo nddition to my frugal table. Sitiinted as
I m boarding liouso was, and all the inmntes of the bouse
liiKily occupied in milling vegetables lo lie sent to mnrkel,
I ("It bill of fare olVered little other clinngc than could 1h
I prmliirrd by varying the mode of cookery. Il was either
linulcil baeiin and |K)lntoes, or fried bacon and potiitoes,
•filil b icon nnd potnto«», and k.> on nt least six days
Hi iif m-ven. lint, ns soon ns I Ix'caine acipininled wit!
I ihc bbils of tlio sun-lisli, I procured a neat circular iron
I l»io|itnr a net ; secured to it a piece of nn old seine, and
|»lifiicvcr 1 desired to dine on/VciA fish, it Was only ne
I fiMary 111 take my skilT, nnd push lier gently along from
>v <iiii I'ihIi nest to niiuUier, myriads of which miuht be
■ taiiliiiii; all the shore. Tlio tisli, of course, darted olV
I «st-iiiia lis the iNint first draw near, nnd during this ilisenen
ll'mi'l was placed sn ns to rovrr tlio nest, of tlin bnltnin
|i*Kiiiib Iho niesbrs but slightly intercepted llio view.
I llnilliii; all things ipiiol, and not King disliirUd by Ihe
I nil. ihr finb would resume its ccnirnlstalio i,tlie m^ was
siiilileiily raised, and tho captive ]da<ed in the liont. In
a quarter of an hniir, 1 could geiieraily lake us many in
liiii w,iy ns Would serve two men ll r dinner, and whin
111 acqii.iiiilauee accidentally called lo we me, during the
S'.asoii of siiii-li,-<h, il was always in my power to lessen
iiiir depenilcnee on the endless baeon. I could also alway.i
st.leet the finest and largi'st of these fi.-li, as while slaiiil-
injr n|) ill Ihe hunt, one eiiuld -si e ii eoiisiili ruble number
III once, mill thus elioose the best, .^iieli was their abiiii-
lance, that the next day would find nil the nest -i re-oceii-
piiil. Another eireiimstance conneeted willi this Inallir
gave mc no small satisi'netion ; the poor blacks, who could
rarely gi t time lor angling, soon learned how to use my
net with ili'xterily ; and llnis, in the oiiliiiary time al-
I'lweil Ihi'iii for (liiiiier, would bumiw il, run down to the
lure, aii'l catch some fish to add to their very moderate
iillowance.
NO. VI.
AfliT the sim-fi.-li, as nguljr niiiinal vi'iliiils of" the
mall rivers iiiiil ercks I'oiitaiiiing sill or brackish water,
I'anii' tile ei-alis ill vast abiindance, tliiiiigh liir a very dif-
.iiriit piir|iiif'e. These Kini;iilii iy eoiij^lriuli d and iiiler-
liiiir III iiu;s rnriiishi'd iiii' with aiiollu rexi-iHent snhjeel
for oli^irviitiiin ; and, during llie period ul'lli.ir visililinn,
my skitl'was in il.iily reiiuisilioii. V'kiating along with an
ulinosHnipereeplilile motion, a person lunl.ing from tlii'
iiiie miulit liiive sii|i|>osed her enlirily aihill ; liir as i
wa.s ftritehed at full lenglli aerosii the seals, in order ti.
bring iiiv siii"hl as close to Ihi; water ns possible witiiuul
iiieoiiveiiieiiee, lui one would have ohsi rved my pre-.-eiiei
from a lillle ui.-ianee. 'I'lie crabi hi long to a very exleii-
iive tribe of beings, which carry their ukiUhns on Ihi
(ivlsiilr of their bodies, instead of witliin; and of iici'es-
itv tlie llesliy, muscular, or moving power of the boily,
is placed in n situation the rever.se of what occurs in am
nials of n higher order, wliieli have inleiiial skeletons nr
olid t'rames lo their systems. This peciiliarily of the
erustaei'ons nnimids and vai inns other beings, is attended
with one appari nt ineonvenienee; when they have grown
large eniingli to fill their shell or skeli'lon coiiipb lely,
they cannot grow t'artlier, because tlie skelelun bt ing ex-
tern J, is incapable of enlargement. 'I'o obviate this dilli-
eulty, the .\iithor of nature has endowed them with llif
power of easting olV the eiilire shell, iiiereasing in size,
and ioriiiing another equally hard and perliMl, liir severul
seasou.-i suecessively, until the greatest or iiia.viiiiuin siy.i
is attained, when the change or sloiigiiiii^- ceases to be
iieeess.iry, Ihiiiith il is nut iilw,iy.s discniliiiiied on thai
leeoiuit. To undergo liiis change with gre:;ler case and
security, the (Tabs seek retired and peueel'ul wati r--, such
as tlie iieaiitii'ul creek 1 have k'cn speaking of, wliose
clear, sandy shores are rarely di-4lnrhed by waves causing
nore lliaii a pleasing murmur, and where tlie number of
eiieiiiies inii.st be far less in pi'o|H)rtion than in the bois-
teriiin waters of the (.'ln'sapcake, their great place ol
concourse. From the first day of their arrival in the hit-
t<r part of-Innc, until the time of tiieir departure, wliieh
in this criM'U occurred towards the lir.st of August, it was
astoiiiihing to witness tliu vast mullitud(2D which Hocked
towards tlic head of the stream.
It is not until they have been fiir some time In the
creek, lliat the moult or sloughing generally commences.
I'hey mny Ik; then observed gradn.illy coining closer in
.shore, to where tlie sand is fine, tiiirly cx|io.se(l lo the tun,
nnd • slinit distance fartJier out than tliu lowest water
murk, ns Uiey must always liaro at luust n dcpUi of tlireo'
or four inches water upon them.
The individual having sell eleil his place, becomes per
feelly quiescent, nnd no change is olwervcd during Rome
hours but a sort of swelling nbnig the edges of the great
iijipcr shell at it.'< back part. After a time this |>osterinr
edge of the shell becomes fnirly discngngi d like the lid
of a chest, nnd now tho more didicull work of withdrnwiiig
llie great claws from their cnses, wliieh every one re.
collects to lie vastly larger nt their exirrmilies nnd be.
tween the joints tliim tlio joints themselves. A still
greater apparent dillicu'ty presents in the sliechling of the
sort of tendon wliieh is placed within the nuuclef. Nev.
erthe'css, the Author of n,ituro has adapted them lo the
ie(!oin|lisSmcnt of nil this. Tim disproportionnte sired
elawB undergo a peculiar softening, whieli enables the
I r.ib, by a very steadily contiiiiieil, scarcely |>erceptible
I'lVort, tu pull them out of their shells, uiid the business
is ciimplel'ed hy the separation of the eomph'.x parts about
Iho mouth mill eyes. 'J'lie crab now slips out from Iho
slongli, M tiling near it on the sand. It is now eovired
liy n soil, perfectly llexible skin; and though possessing
precisely llie same form nsls'liire, seems ineapable of Ihi
slilihl' It I'M rli.iii. Niitwillmtiinding that sueh i i i|« eon,
dilion, while you are gazing on this helpless creature, it
is sinking in Ihe line loose sand, and in a short time in
(•(ivered up siiirieii-nlly to eseapo the observation of cnrc-
less or illl xpirieiieed observers. Meither cun one say how
this is ell'eeled, allhnugh it oeeur.5 under their immediato
uliservation; the motions employed to produce the dis-
plaeeiiii lit of the sand are too slight to Ih; a[)preciated,
Ihoiiih il is most probably owing to a grailual lateral
motion of Ihe body by which the ssnd is displaced in tho
centre biiieatli, and thus gradually fnreed up at the sides
until it liills over and covers the crab. Kxnmino him
wilhiii twelve hours, and yon will find the skin becoming
iibniit as hard ns fine writing paper, producing n similar
craekliiii,f if enmpressed ; twelve liourK later the shell is
sullieiently slill'eiicd to require some slight force to Is.nd
it, and the crab is said lo be in Inicktotn, as in the first
-itage it was in paper. It is .still helpli ss, nnd otfers no
resislance; but nt the vm\ of thirty-six In iirs, it sliowi
lliat its natural inslincts are in aetioii, and by the time
liirly-i iglit liimrs have elapsed, the crab is restoied to tho
exercise of all his functions. I have stated the above aa
llic piri'icls ill wliieh llii' singes of the nionlt ari^ iieiKim.
pli.-lii d, but I have often (diseived thi.t the ri.pidily of this
pn.iess is very niiieli di')iendent ii)/oii the lemperalure,
uiiil e>piri:illy upon siinsbinc. A cold, cluiiily, raw, unil
ili.'':n:n cable spell happening nt this period, llioiigli by no
means ifimmim, will retard the operation coiisiibrably,
jiriilraitiiig the inriod of helplessness. This is the linr-
vest .•^easiiii of the white fisherniaii and of the imor sluvo.
The In/.ie^l of the former arc now in full nelivity, wading
ulijiig the shore t"r(jin morning till iiighi, dragging n small
boat aller them, and holding in the oilier liaiid a forked
olii k with wliich they raise the crabs I'roiii the .sand, 'i'ho
period during which the crabs remain in Ihe paper sluto
is so short, that great activity is rinnired to gather a
sul'ieieiit number to take to inurket, but the price at
wlii h lliey arc sold is sullicient lo awaken all the cupidity
of the erabbi is. Two (billars a dozen is by no means nn
uncommon pi ice fiir tliein, when tlie sensoii first cornea
on; tliey subseiiueutly come down to a dollar, and evti.
to liny cents, at nny of which rales the tiinible of cu\.
lecliiig lliem is well paid. Theslavi's senreli for them at
night, and then are obliged to kindle a fire of piiic-knoln
on the bow of the boat, which strongly illuminates tho
surrounding water, nnd enables theiu to discover the
crabs. Soil crabs are, with great propriety, regarded oh
an (xqiiisilo treat hy those who are fond of such eating;
and tlioiigli many persons are unable lo use crabs or lol>.
sters in any lorm, there are lew who taste of tliu soft
crabs vvilhout being willing lo recur to them. As an ar-
ticle of luxury tliey are scarcely known north of the
( 'hesapeake, tliuugh tliere is nothing to pr(!vent them from
lieiiig used lo considerable extent in Philadelphia, es|)0.
cially since the oiH'ning of the C'liesaiieake and Delaware
anal. 'I'lie siunmer of l(^aU 1 had the finest sotlcrnbH
from llallimore. They arrived at tlic market in the after-
noon, were fried according to rule, and placed in a tin
butler kettle, then covered for an inch or two with melt-
ed lard, and put on board the slcam lioat which left Dol-
tiinorc at five o'clock the sanio »'.>cruoon. The next morn-
ing liefuro ten o'clock they were in Philadelphin, and at
one they were served up ut dinner in Ucrmantown. Tho
only diliiculty in the way is that of having persona (o at.
tend to tlicir procuring and trajisniission,aB when conked
directly after Uioy arrive at market, and furworded witU
little lU'Iay aa above mantionod, tlioro iit do danger of
their being tho least injured.
At Qtlier seasons, wlMin tho crabs did not come close
to tho shore, I derived much amusement by taking them
in tho deep water. This is always caaily elfected by tho
aid of proper bait ; B leg of chicken, niooo of any raw
meat, or a salted or spoiled herring, tied to a twine string
of Buflicieiit length, nnd n hand net of eonvcnient siie,
is nil thai is necessary. 'Vou tlirow out your line nnd
bail, or yon fix ns many lines to your boat ns you please,
and in a short time you see, by the straightening of tho
line, that the liait has lieeu seized by a crnh, who is try-
ing lo make oft" with it. yaw then place you» net where
it ean conveniently be picked up, and commence steadily
but gently to draw in your line, until you have brought
the crnh suftieiently near the surffaee lo distinguish him ;
if you di-aw him nearer, ho will see you and immediately
let go, otherwise his greediness anil Toracilr will make
him cling to his prey tu tliu last. Holding tlie line in tbo
left hand, you now dip your net edge forrmnst into tho
water nt some distance n-om tlie line, carry it down |)er-
jM'ndienlnrly until it is five or si.x iiiclies lower than tlio
crab, mill then with u sudden turn nut bring it directly
hetliie him, nnd \\\\ up nt the same time. Your pri/e is
geiiernlly secured, if your net be at all proiierly ("leed;
lor .,s soon ns he is nlirmcd, he lufclixs direelly down-
v;nfc«i
4
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296
RAMni.KS or A NATIIRAMST.
i
m
■-VPf
warclK, mill is roccivrti in (li« hug of llic nut. It in lu'lti-r
tn liavn ii little wnttr in tlic Uittoni of tliu iKial to lliniiv
them into, iis thry nre Ciisicr cniptieii out of the net, iil-
wuys lotlin-r jjo when hold over the water. This a pooil
cruhhtT never torgets, and should he tinliickily Im- seized
hy a larjre erah, ho liohU him over the water and is tVeed
at onci", though he loses his game. When not held over
the water, they hito sonietinies with dreadt'ul ohstinacy,
und I have neon it n<iceK.sury to crush the loreeps or
cluwM bctbro oiU3 eould be induced to let go the tingersol'
a boy. A |>oor black fellow also placed himself in un
awkward situation ; tlie erah sc'ized liiin by a tinger of
his right hand, but he was unwilling to lose his captive
by liolding him over tlic water, instead of which he at-
tempted to scr.urjc the other claw with his left hand, while
he tried to crush tJio biting claw Iwtween liis teeth. In
doiug this, he somehow relaxed his left hand, and with
the other claw, tlie cra^- seizi^ \taoT Jem by his under
lip, which wius hy no means a thin one, and forceil him
to roar with pain. With some ditReuity he was free<l
from bis tormentor, but it was several days iK'liirc he
ceased to excite laughter, as the severe hito was followed
by a swelling of the lip, which imparted a most ludicrout
cxpressiou to a uaturally comical counluiiunoa
NO. VII.
On the first arrival of tlie crabs, when they throng the
shoals of the creeks in vast crowds, ns heretotorc men-
tioued, a very summary way of taking them is resorted
to by the country people, and for a purpose that few would
•aspect without having witnessed it. They use a tliree
l>rongcd fork or gig msdo for tliis sport, attached to a
long handle ; the crabber sfcuiding up in tlio skiff, pushes
it along until he is over s large collection of crabs, and
then strikes his spear among them. Hy this several are
transfixed at once and lifted into the boat, and the o|icra
tion is re|ieated until enough have licon taken. The pur
4Jose to which they aro to Im applied is to feed the hogs,
which very soon learn to coliect in waiting U|K)n tlu:
beach when the crab siicaring is going on. Although
these bristly gentry appear to devour almost nil sorts of
food with great relish, it seemed to mo that they regard-
ed the crabs us a most luxurious lianipui ; and it was
tridy amusing to see the grunters, when tlio rrahs were
thrown on shore for them, and were scam|>ering olV in
various directions, seizing them in spite of their threat
eiiiiig claws, holding them down with ono I'oot, and
Bjicndily reducing them to a sUile of helple»sness by break-
ing otf their toreeps. Such a eruneliing anil cracking of
tho unfortunate eralis I nevi;r have witnessed since; and
I niiglit have commiserated them more, had nut I known
tliat death in some form or other was continually await-
ing them, and that their devimrers wero ail destined to
meet their fate in a few months in the stye, and thence
through the smoke house to bt! placed u|Hin our table.
Un tho shores of the l'hcsa|H-ako I have caught crabs in
« way cnminoidy employed by all those who are unpro-
vided with boats and nets. This is to have u forked stick
and a baited lino, with whieli the erabU-r wades out us
tnt as he thinks fit, ami then throws out his line. As
soon as he finds he has a bite, ho draws tho lino in, cau-
tiously litling hut a very little from the iHitlom. As soon
as it is near enough to iio fairly in reach, he ((uickly, yet
with as little niovcuent »s (lossible, secures the crab liy
pl.tcing tho forked stick across his body and pressing him
against tin' s.ind. lie must then stoop <lown and t^ike
hold of tliii crab by tho two (losterior swiunning li'gs, so
as tn avoid lieing seized by the claws. Slioulil he ni>l
wish to carry eaili crab ashore as ho eatidies it, ho pin-
ions or K/Mimr/x (as the fishermen call it) them. This is
a very elleetual mode of disabling them from using their
biting eliws, yet it is eortainly not the most humane
oiNiration; it is done by taking the first of the sharp.
iwinled feet of each side, and forcing it in tor tlie length
of the joint liehind the moveable joint or thumb of the
opposite biting claw. The cralw ale then strung upon h
string or wytlie, and olloived to hang in the w.iter until
the erablicr desists from liis necnpatioiis. In lliu previous
article cralm were H|Miken of as curious and interesting,
and the n^ader may not consider the particulars thus fur
ffiircn as Iwing |iurtieulurly so. l'erlia|M, when he takes
Ihein altogether, ho will agree that they have as inucli
that is curious nliout their cjinslriictioii us almost any
animal wu have mentioned, and in the inti'resling iletuils
we have oa yet made but a single step.
The circumstance of the extitrnal skeleton has liorn
moillionetl, but who would ex|inat an animal, as low in
the scale as a erub, to bo furnislii^d with ten or twelve
imir of jaws to its mouth f Yet such is the fiict, and all
Ihesa variously oonstrueted pieces are provideil with ap-
propriate muscles, unil move in a manner which can
scarcely be explained, though it may lie very rea<lily
coniprehciidcd when once observed in living nature. Kut,
after all the complexity of the jaws, where VN'ould an in-
i'X|K'rienecd |n rsoii look liir their leclli .' surely not in the
stomach ? Nevcitlicless, such is their situation ; and these
arc not mere ap|)eiidages, that are called teeth by courte-
sy, but stout regular grinding teeth, with a light brown
surface, 'i'hey are not only within the stomach, but fixed
to a cartilage nearest to its lower extremity, so that the
t'ooil, unlike that of other creatures, is submitted to the
action of the teeth as it is passing /rom the stomach; in-
stead of iK'ing chewed iK'fore it is swallowed. In some
s|K'cies the teeth arc live in nuiiilHT ; but throughout this
class of animals the .same general principle of eoiistriic-
tion may lie obsiTved. Drabs and their kiiulred have no
bruin, U'cause they arc not re<iuired to reason u|mn what
they observe ; they have a nervous system excellently
suited to their iikmIc of life, and its knots or ganglia send
out nerves to the organs of s(;iise, digestion, motion, &C.
The senses of these beings arc very acute, especially their
sight, hearing and Hiiiell. Most of my readers liuve lieurd
of^ crabs' eyes, or have seen these organs in the animal
on the end of two little projecting knobs, aliovo and on
each side of tho mouth; lew of them, however, have seen
the crab's ear, yet it is very easily found, and is a little
triangular bump placed near the base of tlie feelers. 1'his
bump has a ineiiibranc stretched over it, and communi-
cates with a small cavity, which is the internal ear. The
organ of smell is not so easily demonstrated as that of
hearing, though the evidence of their jiosscssing the sense
to un uciite degree is readily attainable. A Cierman na
tiiralist inferred, from the tiiet of the nerve corres|>onding
to the olfactory nerve in man being distributed to the an
tcnnip, in insects, that the antenna) wero the organs of
smell in them. C'uvier and others suggest that a similar
arrangement may exist in the eriistacea. To satisfy my
self whether it wus so or not, I lately dissected a small
lobster, and was delighted to find that the first pair of
nerves actually went to tho antenna', and gave |)ositive
support to the opinion mentioned. I state this, not to
claim credit for ascertaining the truth or inaccuracies of
a suggestion, but with a view of inviting the reader to do
the same in all cases of doubt. Wliere it is iiossilile to
refer to naliire for the actual condition of facts, learned
aul/ioiilies give ine no uneasiness. If I finil that the
structure licarsout their opinions, it is more satisliictory ;
when it convicts them of absurdity, it saves much fruit-
leas reading, us well us the troublu of shuking off preju-
dices.
The first timn my attention was culled to tho extreme
acuteness of sight |H)sses.scd by these animals, wus during
a walk along the flats of L<ing Island, reaching to-
wards tJovernor's Islunil in New York. A vast number
of the small land crabs, called fiddhrs by the boys (gecjir-
cinus,) occupy burrows or caves dug in the marshy soil
whence they come out and go for some distance, cither
in search of fisid or to sun theinselvcs. Iioiig liefore I
approached close enough to see their forms with distinct
■less, they wero Keniii|K'riiig towards their holes, into
whieJi they plunged with a tolerablo certainty of esca|)e;
these retreuts Uiiig of considerable depth, and olU'ii eom-
inunicuting with eueli other, as well as nearly filled with
water. *^ii endeavouring cautiously to approach some
others, it wus ipiite amusing to observe their vigilance ;
to BOO them slowly change [sisition, and from lying ex-
tended in the sun, iK'ginniiig to gather tliemselves iijt liir
a start should it prove necessary ; at length standing up
as it wi're on tiptoe, and raising their |ii'duiieiilaled eyes
as high us possible. One ipiick step on the part of the
inilividual approaching wus enough — away they would
go, with u celerity which must ap|sMir surprising to any
one who had not previously witnessed it. What is nioie
remarkable, they |>osscss the (wwer of moving equally
wi'll with any part of the iHxIy fiireniost, so tliat when
endeavouring to esen|K>, they will siKhlenly durt otf to
ono side or the other, without lurning round, und thus
eludu pursuit. My observutions U|xiii tho crustiiecoiis
unimuls have extended through many yours, and in very
various situations ; and fbrtliu sake of making the gene-
ral view of their qualities more salisfactory, I will goon
to state what I remarked of snnio of the genera anil 8|m--
cies in the West Indies, wlieru they are exceedingly nil.
mcrousand various. The greater pro|>ortion of the genera
feed on animal matter, es|ieeiiilly ulV'r decom|Nwitioii has
Is'gun ; a large number are exclusively confined to the
deep waters, and approach tho shoals and lands only during
the spawning season. Many live in tlic seu, but daily
jHiss many hours u|niii the rocky shores tbr the pleasure
of basking in the sun; others live in marshy or moist
ground, at a considerable distance fVuin tlie water, iind
feed |irineipnlly on vegetable fiiod, cs|H'eially the ,„^^j
cnnc, of which they are extremely ilcstructivc. (iii,,.,,
again reside habitiinlly on the hills or nioiuitnirin,
visit the sea only once n year for the purpose of ili|vj,iiii|.
their eggs in the sand. All those which reside in i,,,;''
rows made in moist ground, and those coming dailv f.ii
the riMjks to iHisk in the sun, jiartieipnte in almut an I'liiui
degree in the qualities of vigilance and swiftness. Mam
u breuthlcss rucc have I run in vain, attempting tn inti,'.
cept them, and prevent their escaping into the sea. Many
an hour of cautious and solicitous endeuvoiirtu steal hikiJ,
them nnobserved, bus lioen frustrated by lliHir long sjjiii.
ed wutchfulncss ; and several times, when, by c striin,.
cure and cunning upproaches, I have actually succcidtj
in getting iHlwecn a fine specimen und the sea, mid luj
fiill liojie of driving him fiirther inland, have till niy an.
tici|iations lieen ruined by the wonderl'iil suiltmss i.f
their flight, or the surprising facility with « liiih tl,.,,
would dart ofl' in the very opposite direction, nl tlii' viry
moment I fi'lt almost sure of my prize. One ilav, In pr.
tieular, I saw on a fiat rock, which afi'orded a fine siiniiiii;
place, the most iH'autiful crab I had ever IkIicIiI. Ii u\i~,
of tlie largest size, and would have covered a lari;c din.
ner plate, most iK'uutifully coloured with bright criin»in
liclow, and a variety of tints of blue, purple, ami frriin
ulmvc; it wus just such a speeinien as could iint liill ii,
excite all the solicitude of a collector to obtain, |)ui, ji
was not in the least deficient in the art of sclf-prescns.
tion; my most cnreful nianniuvres proved incflectiiiil,anj
all my efforts only enabled me to see enough of it ii,
augment my regrets to a high degree. Sulisequcmly [
saw a similar individual in the collection of a rcsidciii;
this had been killed against the rocks during a vinliia
hurricane, witli very slight injury to its shell. I ntfi'ml
higli rewards to the black |K'ople if they would lirini; iiip
such a one, but the most cxjH'rt among tlieiu siiinnl in
think it an unpromising search, as they knew ofnovvsr
of capturing tliem. If I had lM>en supplied with sraiu
|K)wdcr of mix vomica with which to poison sonic meii,
1 might have succccdciL
NO. VIII.
Tho fiecl running crab (cy|KMla pugilafor,) mrntiiflfd I
ns living in burrows dug in a moist soil, and pn 11113
chiefly cm the sugar cane, is justly regarded as iini' ni'ilu
most iiiixioos pests that can infest a plantation. Tliiii I
burrows extend to a great depth, and run in various ili. |
rections; they arc also, like those of our fiddlers, nrarlv
full of iiiiidily water, so that, when these maraniUrs nniv
phiiiip into their dens, they may he considered as ciilin'i
lieyoiiil pursuit. Their numlicrs are so great, iinil t!;n
inulti|ily ill such numbers, ns in some si'asons to ilrstrm
a largo pro|>ortion of a sugar crop, and soinetiincs llint I
ravages, combined with those of the rats and other |i|iin-
dercrs, nro absolutely ruinous to the sen-side planters. 1 I
was shown, by the superinteiideiil of a place thus inlisl.
cd, u great quantity of cane utterly killed by llHscrm
tiires, which cut it ofl' in u |K'Culiar manner, in urdir In I
suck tho juice; and ho assured ine that, during flat mi-
sou, the crop would be two thirds less than its nvcrafc.
solely owing to the inroiids of the crabs and rats, wliiili
if jHissible are still more numerous. It was to inenn ir
resistible source of amusement to observe the air (if spile I
and vexation with which ho 8|Kike of the crabs; tlienls
he could shisit, jKiison, or drive off for u time with di>|."<.
Hut the erubs would not cat his isiison, while sugar lanc I
was growing; the dogs could only chase them iiidillirii
holes; and if', in helpless irritation, lie soineliiiu's llml
his gun at a cluster of them, the shot only raltliil nut
their shells like hail against a window. It is truly ilisirr
ble that some summary inmle of lessening their nii'iilri I
ciiidd Ih' devised, and it is prohuble thnt this will lie M
etVeeted by |<oison, as it may be |M>ssiblc to obliiin a lull
sufficiently attractive to ensnare them. S|K'cieH el' lliis |
genus are fiiiind in various parts of our country, um-
especially towards the Hoiitli. Alioiit ('a|io Aliiy, imi j
friends may liiive excellent op|>ortiiiiities of tesliiinllif |
truth of what is said of their swillness and vigilaiiro.
The land crab, which is eoinmnn to many ef'tlu" Woil I
ndiu islands, is more generally known as the Jaiiinin
crab, iRM-anso it has bii'n most fVi-quently descrilicd fmni
observation in that island. Wherever found, they Ime
nil the habit of living, during great |mrt of the ycor, 111
tho highlanils, where they |ias8 the day time, eimmlnl
in huts, cavities, and under stones, and come out at nielli 1
fiir their fiiod. They nro remarkable fiir eolliTliiie in |
vast Isxlies, and marching annually to the sen siilr, m
order to de|Misit their eggs in the siuiil ; and this ariiun
pliHlied, they riiliil n to their former nlHiiles, if iiiiilisliirlkil
I'lu'y cominenee tlicir march in t)ie night, and luuvoia I
msslllll', I'll' 'I'O"
i;,r llif use of till
fitnrd inareli t
llie JHiniiward joi
,,[f wi'ak, exiiaiis
iii» ilii' crabs, I
iiiiiilia'iiioyaiice
nitrnvarils, from
um I risiiled in
liiiiidreil yards
liiviiijr in clear w
liiici, ilistaiit aboil
lii> liiiiises in the
was rvidi'iil from
rolUil (ilf the door
lircav Oiir sleep
»jsi's|H'cially in t
lidit'lill'iilly wiiriii,
raihir large, did ih
Mivas[«.ovidcd«
a mus<]iiito bar or
twapc from variou
impiislii'd the ligl
«■ hiaril, in varioi
noisos. It appeare
I lilts were trailed nl
1' climbing up by f
qurntly soinetliing
train sncli elevution
I ciiliar chirping nois
ffltircly inex|iericn
111' lliiisc who have
tiv sonic uiiaccoiinti
iiiiadors iH'gan to a
I ijiiilo liar was secui
uid they were den
liinililos to the floor
Inas. Towards df
llif laoriii'ig no trni
I ci'iml. On nientio
lliis nncturnal distil
I rallril generally the
liar lialiit he has of
into aa empty shell
iinlil lie outgrows it,
N'lt cli(i(ising to jKis
was taken to
j kiiiickliigs were then
llk'liousi'. I baited
iinl, and placed it 1
innrning, found it Ii
iMin flic largest sis
dona to such as w
I Hire was a fine colic
.'oiisidcriilile variety
I mil llic dilfcrcut slid
I lilt nisclves.
Tlic soltlier, or her
I a(l.i|ilt'il shell, prcseni
Ifiilorable family resei
I hoKcver, are very sli<
I tilli liard shell only
I cipiisi'il or protruded.
1 1)1' iIk luiily, is covert
I louards a small cxtri
J Mil' a|i|)aratiis, ciiabl
jjivrllinsr. .Along the
loiillic back, there ur
llrailwl fiir the same |i
I *MJua of a shell, it
I |iiill tlic crab out, tlioi
hl«'ll»ill quickly iiid
l"flcot«rii taken solelj
|«!, and liciice you 1
jlliriaiao 8|K'cics, eaci
I or jfiuu of shell. T
I »licii of larger siie, i
Imilrli used ns an urtic
I initilur conch fstronil
Iniilrrobanre found ii
I liiund nn tho shores v
I •wii nniHiieil by ludiei
llwliiHiof these licuiiti
ji'l'llieir iK'iiig tenuiil
I'Unlod, (Ml display ill)
lllii'm It) Iw actively en
I Jaciinj tliB linnd into 1
KAMULKS OF A NATlIRAIilST.
297
[)„. iiiosi <liro<'t line Unvnrils Uk^ ilcstiiicil |M)iiil. Sd oti-
■miali'l*' ill' ''"'y |Hir«iH' thin rmitr, Hint lliuy will nut turn
I ol'il I'"" ""y obslacli- that nan jMissibly 1k^ Hurniimnliil.
nufiriff 'Ik' ''''y t'"'" ''"^y "knlk and lie hid as riosily as
j,|,lc, lull lliunsandsii|Min thoiisuiuls (irtlii'in arc taken
i;,r iIk' 11'"' "' '''" table by whites nnd blacks, as (in their
vawn' iiiareli they are very fat nnd of tine tinvoiir. On
jliplidiiieward journey, those that have esen|K'(l eapliire
,,rf\v('iik, exhausted, and nnlit for use. Heliire dismiss-
iiiirilic eralis, 1 must mention one uliieli was a snnreeof
iiiiirli a'lnoV'i'""'' t" ""■ 'it first, and of ronsiileruble interest
attrrwurds, troiii (lie observation of its habits. At that
linK' I resided in a house deli};htfully sitnateil nlsnit two
liiiiiilroil yards from the sea, frontni)r the settinjr sun,
liiviiii' ill eh^ir woalher the lofty inountuiiis of I'orto
|ii,',i, distant alHiut eifrhty miles, in view, liike mo.st of
III' hciiises in tlie island, ours had seen better days, as
\ns evident from various breaks in the lloors, aiijjhs
lolli'il "11 ''i*-' 'Inors, sunken sills, nnd other indiealioiis of
liiav. Our sleepins room, which was on the lower floor,
«j.< i's|H'eially in this cnndition; but ns the weather was
dtlichthilly warm, a. few crucks and oiH^nings, thuiisrli
ndiiT large, did not threaten mucli inconvenience. l)ur
M was i^lnvided with that iiidis|X-nsable accom|>aniiiient,
a mus<]iiilo bar or curtain, to which we wtTC inilebtcd tor
escape Iroin various annoyances. Scarcely had we ex.
linfrnished the light, and comgioscd ourselves to rest, than
w heard, in various parts of the room, the most startliiif;
nolso«. It appeared as if numerous hard and heavy bo-
(lii'S were trailed along the lUior ; then they sounded as
if climbing up by the clinirs and other furniture, nnd fre-
quently sniiicthin); like a Inrge stone would tutnlile down
Itom such elevntions with a loud noise, followed by a pe-
culiar chirping noise. What an eireettliis produced u|)oii
cniircly iiiex|ierienccil strangers, may well lie imagined
hr lliiise who have lieen siidilenly waked np in the dark,
liy wnie iiiiiiceniintiililc noise in the room. Finally, these
ivaiiors liegan to ascend the lied; hut happily the niiis-
I ijuilo har was securely tucked inider the Ind all around,
mJ they were denied access, tliotigh their cflorts ami
liimlilos Id the floor produced no very eomfortable reflec-
lims. Towards daylight they lirgan to retin% and in
llio iiioriii'iff no trace of any such visitants could be |H'r-
cfivTil. On mentioning our troubles, wo were told that
lliisiincliirnal disturlier was only Ik-rnard the Ilerinil,
calliii ffeiierally the soldier crab, |icrhnps from the iieeii-
iiirlialiil he has of protecting his Isidy by thrusting it
I iiiM an empty shell, which he al\erwnrds carries alHiut,
until he oiilgrows it, when it is relincpiished for a larger.
Not I'lidosiiig to |>ass another night (piite so noisily, due
rare was taken to exclude Monsieur Ilernard, whose
kniickings were thencefoiward contined to the outside of
llic house. I baited a large wire rat trap with some corn
I iiiral, and placed it outside of the back door, and in the
I innriiinn;, found it literally half filled with tliesc crabs,
I from the largest sized shell that could enter the trap,
dnwa Id such as worn not larger than a hickory nut.
\lte was a lino collection made at once, atroriling a very
auitideruble variety in the size and ngo of tlies|H'ciinens,
I Mil (he dill'ercut shells into which they had introduced
I ihciiisclves.
The soldier, or liermit crab, wlicn withdrawn fVom his
I uliijilod shell, presents alioiit the head and claws, a con-
Ifiilfrable liiiiiily resemblance to llu! Udisler. The claws,
I Imi'vcr, are very short and broad, and the body covered
I «idj hard shell only in that part wliieli is liable to lie
I tipwrd or protruded. The |iosteiior or alKloininal |Hirt
Ivl'llii luiily, is covered only by a lough skin, and tapers
I loK'ards a Hiiiall extremity, furnished with a sort of iHiok-
liki' a|i|iaraliis, enabling it to liohl on to its factitious
I ilin'lhnjj. .Along the surface of its abdomen, ns well as
iillx'liaek, there arc small projections, apparently iii-
llraJi'd llir tlu! same pnr|M>se. When once fairly ill |>o8.
Iviuiiiii (if a shell, it W(Hild l)0 quite a tlitlicult inntter to
I {lull the crab out, though n very little heat applied to the
Islrll will ipiiekly induce him to leave it. The shells they
I fleet are taken solely with reference to their suitable-
|i»is, and hence you nmy catch a considerable niimln'r of
I till' same 8|H'cies, each of which is in u ditlbrent H|iccies
|«re('niiii of HJicll. The Nhclla coinnionly used by them,
I »licn of larger size, are those of the whilk, which are
I much iiwd ns nn article of food by the islnndcrs, or the
Imullcr conch [stromlmR] shells. The very young her-
I niit rrahs arc found in almost every variety of Hinnll shell
I found on the shores of the Antilles. I have fre(|ucntlv
I kfcii aniiiw'd by ladies enjferly engaged in making col-
IWtiimof tliesu licniitillil littlt^Bliells, and nut dreaming
liil'tlirir iH'ing tenanted by a living animal, Ruddiuily
ImmM, im displaying their acquisitions, hy observing
|ll«TO lo Im actively endeavouring to esen|Mi ; or on iiitro-
lilucing llic Imnd into tlio rotlculo to produce a parlieiilnr
line s|)ceimeii, to receive a smart pinch from the claws of
the little hermit. The instant the shell is closely ap-
priiaehed iir lonehed, lliey withdraw ns (lec|dy iiilo the
shell as |H>ssilde, and the siiiall ones readily eseiipe iiliser-
valioii, lint tliey soon become impatient of captivity, nnd
try to make nil'. 'I'lie species of this genus ^pagllrns'l are
very ininierons, and during the first part of llieir lives
are all a({uatie. 'I'iiut is, they are hatched in the little
piMils about the margin oi'tlie sea, and remain there until
those that are destined to live on land arc stunt eiiongh
lo eonimenee their travels. The herinil crabs, which are
altogether lupiatie, arc by no means so careful lo choo.se
the lightest and thinnest shells', as the land troops. Tlie
(Kpiatie soldiers may be seen towing along shells of most
disproportionate size; but their relatives, who travel over
the hills by inoimlighl, know that all unnecessary inenni-
braiiee of weight sluiuld be av(ii(h(l. They are as piig-
naeions and spiletiil as any of the ernslaccons class ; and
when taken, or when they fiill and jar llicmselves, con-
siderably, utter a chirping noise, wliieh is evidently an
angry expression. They arc ever ready to bile with their
claws, and the pinch of the larger individuals is quite
painful. It is said, that when they are changing their
Ik lis, for the sake of obtaining more commodious cover-
ings, they freipiently fight for (losscssion, which may 1h!
true where two that have forsaken their old shells meet,
or hap|ien to make choice of the same vacant one. It is
also said, thai one crab is somctimeK fiirced to give up
the shell he is in, shoiihl a stronger chance to desire it.
This, as I never saw it, 1 must continue to doubt; for I
cannot imagine how the stronger conlri jiossibly accom-
plish his purpose, seeing that the occupant has notliing
to do but keep close quarters. The invader would have
nn chance of seizing jiini to pull him (nit, nor could he
do him any injury by biting u|>on flic surface of his hard
claws, the only pnrt that would he ex|iose(l. If it lie true
that one can dis()osscsB the other, it must Im by some
contrivance of which wc are still ignorant. These sol-
dier ernbs feed on n great variety of substances, scarcely
refusing any thing that is edible; like the liimily they
iH'long to, they have a decided partiality for putrid meats,
and the planters accuse tliein also of too great a fondness
for the sugar cane. Their excursions are altogether iKW-
tnrnal, in the day time they lie concealed very ellectually
in Hiiiall holes, among stones, or any kind of rubbish, and
arc rarely taken notice of, even where Inindreds are within
a short (li.slancc ofeaidi other. 'I'hc larger sohlier crabs
are somelimes eaten by the blacks, but they arc not iniieh
sought afV'r even by tlieiii, as they are generally regard-
ed with aversion and prejudice. There is no reason, that
we are aware of, why they should not be as good as
many other crabs, but they certainly are not equally es-
teemed.
NO. IX.
Those who have only lived in forest countries, where
vast tracts are shaded by a dense growth of oak, ash,
clii»niit, hickory and other trees of deciduous fidiage,
which present the most pleasing varieties of verdure anil
freshness, can have but little idea of the effect produced
on th(^ feelings by aged forests of pine, coin|H)sed in grcnt
degree of a single s|ieeies, whose towering snminits are
crowned with one dark green canopy, which successive
seasons find unchanged, and nothing but death causes
to vary. Their ridiust and gigantic trunks rise an hun-
dred or more feel high in purely profiortioncd columns,
liefore the limbs licgin to diverge; and their tups, densely
clothed with long bristling fidiage, interiningle so closely
as to allow of but slight entrance lo the sun. Hence tin:
nndergrowtli of such friresUi is comparatively slight nnd
thin, since none but shrubs and plants that love the shade,
can flourish under this |H'r|ieliial exclusion of the animat-
ing and invigorating rays of the great exciter of the
vegetable world. Through such liircsts, nnd by the
merest fisit paths in great part, it was my lot to pass
ninny miles almost every day ; and had I not endeavoured
to derive sonic ainuscnient and instruetion from the study
of the forest itself, my time would have been as fatiguing
to me, ns it was certainly (|uiet and solemn. Itiit wher-
ever nature is, and under whatever form she mny pr(>scnt
licmelf, enough is always proH'ered to fix attention nnd
pro<hieo pleasure, if we will i nndescend to obscivo with
cari!fiilness. 1 soon found that even a pine forest was far
from being devoid of intiTcst, nnd shall endeavour to
prove this by stating the result of various observations
inude during the time I lived in this situntion.
The cuinmon pitch, or as it is genernlly called Norway
pine, grows from n seed, which is matured in vast abun-
dance in the largo cones |irculiarto the pines. 1'his seed
is of n rather trinn<;iilnr Hhii[it>, thick and heavy nt the
part by which it grows from the eime, and terniiiiating
in a broad meniliranoiis tiin or sail, wbieli, w hen the seeds
are shaken out by the wind, enables them lo sail nbliipiely
tbrongh lln' air lo yieal distanees. Siioiild an old eorn-
field or other piece of grmnid U- thrown out dt'cnllivalinii
liir more than one season, il is sown with the piin sedls
by III" winds, and Hie young pines sbnot up as ( losely
and eompaetly as hi'inp. They ('(intinue to grow in this
manner until lliey U'conie twelve or litleen tl'et high,
niitil their roots begin to eiiiroiieli on e:>eli other, or nnlil
the stoutest and Im'sI rooted begin tooverlop so as entirely
to sh.'ide llie smaller. These gradually liei;in to fail, and
finally dry up and perish, and a similar process is eoii-
liniied until the best trees acijiiire room enongli to grow
without impediment. I''ven when the young pines lia\e
attained to thirty or forty licl in heiglil, and an? as tliiek
av a manV thigh, Ihev stand so eloselv together, that their
lower branches, which arc all dry and (had, are inter-
mingled, snfliciently to prevent any one from passing
Islweeii the frees without llrsi breiiking these nbstrne.
lions nway. I have seen sneli a woml as that just iiieii-
lioiied, covering an old eorn-fiekl, whose ridges were still
distinctly fn he traced, and wliieh an idd residt nf inflinned
me he had seen growing in eorn. In a part of this wood
which was not fiir from my dwelling, I had a delighfl'nl
retreat, Uiat served me as a private study or elesif, though
enjoying all the advantages of the open air. .A road
that had once jiassed through the tiehl,and was of course
more compacted than any uther part, had denied access
to the pine seeds liir a certain distance, while on cnch
side of it they grew with their usual density. The ground
was covered with the sort layer or carpet of dried pine
leaves which gradually and imperceplibly liill through-
out the year, making a most pleasant surface to tread on,
nnd rendering the step perfectly noiseless. Ily beating
off with a slick all the dried branches that projecfcd
Inwards the vacant space, I formed a sort of chnmher,
firtecn or twenty feet long, which above was canopied by
the densely mingled branches of the ndjnecnt trees, which
altogether excluded or scattered the rays of the sun, and
on all sides was so sliiit in hy the trunks of the young
frees, as to prevent all oiiservaliiin. Ilitlierfo iliiriug the
hot season, I was aceustomcd to retire, for the pnr|Misc of
reading or meditation; and within this dceeper solitude,
where nil was solitary, very many of the subsequent
movemenfs of my lit!' were suggested or devised.
Kroiii all I could observe, and all the eiiqniries I could
get answered, it appeared that this rapidly growing fni
does not attain its lull growth until it is i ighly or ninety
years old, nor does its time of flill health and vigoui much
exceed nn hundred. Ilelore this fiine il is liable to the
attacks of insects, but these are of a kind that bore the
tender spring shoots to deposit their eggs therein, nnd
their larvie appear to live principally on the sap which is
very abundant, so that the tree is lint sHighfly injured.
Hut arter the pine has attained its acme, it is attacked
by nn insect which deposits its egg in the body of the
tree, nnd the larva devours ils way fhrnngh the solid
sub.stniice of th(? limber; so that after a pine has been fiir
one or two seasons subjected to these depredalors, if will
be fairly riddled, and if cut down is mitif tiir any other
purpose than binning. Indeed, if delayed too long, it is
poorly fit for ftrewisid, so thoroughly do these insects
(U'stroy its substance. At the same time that one set of
insects is engaged ill desfidying the body, myriads of
others nrc at work under the baik, destroying the sap
vessels, and the foliage wears a more and more pah' and
sickly ap|iearaiicc as the free declines in vigour. If not
cut down, it eventually dies, becomes I. :illcss, strip|M'd of
its bark, nnd ns the decay ndvnnces, nil the smnllcr
brnnehes nre broken oft'; and it sfniuls with its linked
trunk nnd a few rngged limbs, as if bidding defiance to
the tem|M'st which howls around ils bind. I'lider fiivonr-
able eireiimsfanccs, a large trunk will slaiid in this con-
dition for nearly a century, so extensive and powertiil
nre its roots, so firm nnd stubborn the originnl kniltiiig
of its giant frame. At length some sfnrin, more ftirions
thnn nil its predecessors, wrenches those ponderous rootK
from the soil, and hurls the helpless carcass to the earth,
crushing all iM-fore it in its fall. WiflwHit the aid of fire,
or sonic |>eculiarity of situation favoiirnble to rapid dp-
coni|Kwition, full ntiotlier Inindrcd yenrs will Ik- reipiisite
to rednce it lo ils elements, and obliferute the frnecR of
its existence. IntkM'd, long nfVcr the Inpsc of more than
that |)eriod, we find the lienrt of the pitch pine still pre-
serving its originnl form, and from iHing llioronghly im-
bued Willi tur|icnline, become ulterly indeslriietible ex-
eept hy fire.
If the proprietor attend to the warnings afforded by
llie wood|M>cker, ho mny nlwnys cut his pines in lime to
prevent them from lieing injured by inaccta. Tlic vvowl-
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208
nA.VIILE'M OF A NATrilAT.IST.
ill
jK'ckurH run U|i and aruiiiiil tlic trunks, tapiiiiij; troiii time
to tiiiii! with tiji'ir | >»»■<> r In I liiil. 'I'lie hird kiiu\v» ut uiiir
by tlu: siiiniil wIkIIut tiicrc In' iiiMcctK lii'lciw or not. If
till! Iri'o is MiinKl, llic \v()i)d|>rcki'r soon lors.ikes it Hir
nnotlii'r; Hlioidd lie iH^jrin to break into the h.irk, it is to
ciitcli the worm, and such trees tre ut onec to Ik; marked
l<ir (he axe. In t'ellin;; sneh pines, 1 lonnd the woodmen
iilwny anxious to avoid lettin;; tliem strike a;;ainst nei^h-
iHinrin); sound trees, as they said that the insects laore
readily attacked an injured tree than one whose bark was
tndiroken. The observation is most probably eorreel, at
least the ex|XTiencc of country liilks in sneh mutters is
rarely wrong, tliongh they sometimes (five very odd rea-
sons for the processes they adopt.
A full |;rown pine forest is at nil times a frrand and
majestic object to one accustomed to moving through it.
'I'liose vast and towering colunnis, sustaining a waving
crown of deepest verdure; those robust and rugged limbs
standing forth at a vast height overhead, loaded witli the
cones of various seasons; and the diininutivenrss of all
surrounding objects compared with these gigantic child-
ron of nature, cannot but inspire ideas of seriousness and
even of melancholy. Hut how awful and even tremen-
dous does such a situation l)ec<jme, when we hear the
first wailings of the gathering storm, as it Btooi>s upon
the lolly summits of the pine, and soon increases to a
deep hoarse raaring, as the Ixiughs In-gin to wave in the
blast, and the whole tree is forced to sway before its
power. In n short lime the k ry of the. wind is at its
lieight, the lortiest trees bend suddenly before it, and
scarce regain their upright position ere they arc again
obliged to cower beneath its violence. Then the tempest
literally howls, and amid the tremendous reverlR'rations
of thunder, and the blazing glare of llie lightning, the
unlortunute wanderer hears around him the crash of iiu-
nierous trees hurled down by the storm, and knows not
but the next may be precipitated u|>on him. More than
once have I witnessed all the granileur, dread, and deso-
lation of such a scene, and have always found safety
either by seeking as quickly as possible a s|)ot where
there were none but young trees, or if on the main road
choosing the most open and ex|>osed situation out of the
reach of the large trees. There, scate<l on my horse,
who seemed to undcrstaiul the projiriety of such patience,
I would quietly remain, however thoroughly drenched,
until the fury ol'lhc wind was completely over. To say
nothing of the danger from falling trees, the [H'ril of be-
ing struck by the lightning which so freiiuently shivers
the loftiest of them, is so great as to render any attempt
lu advance at such time highly imprudent.
Like the ox among animals, the piiio tree may lie
looked upon as one of the most universally useful of the
sons of the. forest. For all sorts of building, for firewood,
tar, turpentine, rosin, lamp black, and a vast variety of
other iweful products, tliii tree is invaluable to man.
Nor is it a pleasing contemplation, to one who knows its
usj^fulness, to observe to how vast an amount it is annu-
ally destroyed in this country, beyond the proportion that
nature ran |iossil>Iy supply. However, wo are not dis-
posed to believe that this evil will over ho productive of
vcry'gn^at injury, es|)ecially as coal fuel is becoming
annually more extensively used. Nevertheless, were I
th(^ owner of a pine forest, I should e.xerciso a consider-
uble degrco of caru in tlio tclcctiou of tlio wood for llic
NO. X.
Among tlio enemies with which the farmers of ft poor
or light soil have to contend, I know of noiiu so truly
lormidable and injurious as tlio crows, whoso numbers,
eiinning, and audacity, can scarcely Is) appreciated, ex.
cept by those who have had long continued and iiunicr'
oils opportunities of observation. Possessed of the most
ucutc senses, and endowed by nature witli a considerable
share of reasoning power, these birds bid defiance to al-
most nil the contrivances resorted to for their destruc-
iion ; and when their numbers have accumulated to vast
multitudes, which annually occurs, it is scarcely |>ossible
to estimate the destruction they aro capable of etVecting.
riuced in a situation where every object was Bubjeelcd
to close observation, ns a source of amusement, it is not
surprising that my attention should Is- drawn to so con-
spicuous an object as the crow ; and having onco com-
liK'iiced remurkiiig the |)ceuliarities of this bird, I con-
tinued to bestow attention uiKin it during many years,
ill whatever situation it was met with. The thickly
Wooded and well watered parts of tlio state of Alarylanil,
as aliording them a great nbundanco of food, and almost
entire security during their breeding season, are espc-
(iiilly infested by these trmiblosomc (Tcatiiti's, so that st
some times of tliu year liiey are collected ill nuinbers,
which would ap|iear incrediiile to any one unaccustomed
to witness Iheir acenimilations.
Individiii'.llv, the comnion crow (rurriia cntnna) may
Iw compared in character willi the brown or Norway rai,
iK'ing, like that i|iiadru|ie(l, adilicted to all sorts of mis.
ehiel', destroying tiie lives of any small creatures thai
limy liiU in its way, phmderiiig with audacity wherever
any thing is ex|>osed to its rapaeiousnesH, and triniiiphi.ig
by its cunning over the usual artifices employed for the
destruction of ordinary noxious animals. Where food is
at any time scarce, or the opimrtunity for such marauding
inviting, there is scarcely a young animal about the farm
yards safe from the attacks of the crow. Young chickeii.s,
ducks, goslings, and even little pig.i, when quite yoiiliK
and !c'eble, are carried oil" by them. They are not hss
eager to discover the nests of domestic fowls, and will sit
very quietly in sight, at a convenient distance, until Uie
hen leaves the nest, and then tly down and siicU her
eggs at leisure. Hut none of their tricks excited in me
a greater interest, than the observation of their attempts
to rob a hen of her chicks. The eniw, alighting at a little
distance from the hen, would advance in nil iipparently
careless way towards the brood, when the vigilant parent
would bristle up her feathers, and rush at the black rogue
to drive him off. After several such approaches, the hen
vs-ould become very angry, and would chase the crow to
a greater distance from the brood. This is the very ob.
jeet the robber has in view, lor as long us the parent
keeps near her young, the crow has very slight chance
of success ; but as soon as he can induce her to follow him
to a little distance from the brood, he t.ikes advantage of
his whigs, anil liefore she can regain her place, has llown
over lier, and seized one of her chickens. When the cock
is present, there is still less danger from such an attack,
for chanticleer shows all his vigilance and gallantry in
protecting his tender otlspring, tliough it freiiuently liap-
])cns that the numlier of hens with broods renders it im-
|M)ssil)Ie for him to extend his care to all. When the
crow tries to carry oil" a gosling from (he mother, it re-
quires more daring and skill, and is far less frequently
successful than in the former instance. If the gander hi'
in company, which he almost uniformly is, the crow has
his labour in vain. Notwithstanding the advantages of
flight and superior cunning, tlie honest vigilance and de
tcriuined bravery of the former arc too much lor him
llis attempts to approach, however cautiously conducted
arc promptly met, and all his tricks rendered unavailing,
by the liercc niovements of the gander, whoso powerful
blows the crow seems to be weil aware might etVectually
Usable him. The Hrst time I witnessed such a scene,
was at the side of the creek, and saw on the opposite
shore a goose with her goslings beset by a crow ; from
the apparent al.arni of the motlier ond brood, it seemed to
me lliey must be in great danger, and I called to the
owner of the place, who happened to lie in sight, to in-
form him of tlieir situation. Instead of going to their
relict*, he shouted back to me, to ask if the gander was
not there too; and as soon ns ho was answered in the af-
tirmative, he bid me be under no uneasiness, as the crow
would find his match. Nothing could exceed the cool
impudcHco and pertinacity of the crow, who, [icrfectly
regardless of my shouting, continued to worry the poor
gander for an hour, by his cflbrts to obtain a nice gos.
ling for his next meal. At length convinced of the fruit-
lessiiessof his efforts, he How oif to sw^k some more easily
procurable food, i^everal crows sometimes tmitc to plun-
der the goose of her young, and nro then generally suc-
cessful, iH'causc lliey arc able to distract tho attention of
the parents, and lure them farther from their young.
In tho sutnmer tlio crows disperse in pairs for the pur-
pose of raising their young, and then they select lofty
trees in the remotest parts of the forest, ujion which with
dry slicks and twigs they build a largo strong nest, and
line it with softer moterials. They lay four or five eggs,
and when they arc hatched, feed, attend, and watch over
their young with tho most zealous devotion. Should any
one by chance pass near tho nest while the eggs arc stiii
imhntched, or tho brood arc very young, the parents keep
close, and neither by tho slightest movement nor noise
betray their presence. Hut if the young arc fledged, and
beginning to. take their first lessons in flying, the op.
proacli of a man, especially if armed with a gun, calls
forth all tlicir cunning and solicitude. Tho young arc
immediately placed in the securest pliico at hand, where
the foliage is thickest, and remain perfectly motionless
and quiet. Not so tho alarmed parents, both of which
fl^ nearer and nearer to the hunter, uttering the most
discordant screams, with on occasional peculiar note,
which seems intended to direct or warn tlieir young. So
close do they npproai;li, and so clnmorous are they us Hie
liuiiler enileuviiurs to get a goisl view of tlitiii i.ii (l.t- |r,„
that he is almost uiiiiiirinly persnudid the yi'im;; iri,«i
are also enneealcd thrre; l.iit hu lines nut (H-ririv,. ^, |.'
is cautiously trying to get within gnu slu.t, \\,.\\ iLn-j,.
moving from tree to trie, and at each reini.ve arc liiril,,, I
nnd farther from the plneo where the young ure inj
After continuing this (riek, until it is impimsililr iliait|,f
hunter can retain any idea of the siln-ilii.ii of the ynim
ones, the parents cease tlieir distressing oiiliric's, flr
quietly to the most convenient lolly tree, and caimlv
watch the movements of tlieir disturlKT. Nuw mul unj,
they ulter a loud quick cry, which si'cms inteiulcil lo Im
their otlspring lie clo.se and keep quiet, and it ia vf,,
generally the case tliat they escaix: all danger by Unit |
obedience. \\\ experienced crow-killir watcluK t'mrrrlf I
fur the tree where the crows first start from ; and ii il|,
can be obscrveil, he |Kiys no attention lo their i-|;:iii{iiir< I
nor pretence of throwing themselves in his wav, a.-^ he \-
satislied they are too vigilant to let him git a !.|i.,i j; I
them ; and if he can see the young, he is tulrrallv tin f
of Ihem all, because of tlieir inaiiilily tu I'y or d;.,;..
place ri'ailily.
The time of the year in which llio fiirmer;: .^iilTir nr»t
from them is in the spring, liefore their enoriiiims coii i,.
gallons dis|K'rso, and when they are rendered VdMiinni
by the seanliiiess of their winter fare. Woe iKlidt \\A
corn field which is not closely watched, when ilie _V"iii.c|
grain begins to shoot above the soil! If not well giiitdii',!
a host of these marauders will settle u|K>n it at Ihc lii,;!
light of the dawn, and beliirc the sun li.is risen far Qbmtl
the horizon, will have plundered every shoot of lliegiMif
natiiig seed, by first drawing it sUiltiilly from the u.cijil
earth by Ihe yoimg stalk, nnd then swallow iiigtl.e|tr5iii,f
The negligent or careless planter, who docs not visit Li..
field lielbrc breakfast, finds, on his arrival, that lie iiiil'<|
cither replant his corn, or rclin<|uisli hopes of a ctupi
:uid without the exertion of diiu vigilance, he may 1(1
obliged to repeat this process twice or thrice Ihc ia<x\
season. W'lierc tlie crows go to rob a field in this wav,|
they place ono or more sentinels, according to cirruii).!
stances, iii convenient places, and these are cxctcilinilTl
vigilant, uttering a single warning call, which iiata i:,t|
whole to flight the instiuit there is tlie least ap|H'arjii«l
of danger or interruption. Having fixed their sinlinili,!
they begin regularly at one [Hirt of the fielil, and |iuriii.|
iiig the rows along, pulling up each shoot in siicctssiot,!
anil biting ofl" the corn at the root. The green ulimiil
thus letl along the rows, us if tiicy had Iweii arrarij.ftll
with care, oiler a melancholy memorial of the wotkl
which has been effected by these cunning and doftrac-l
tivi! plunderers. I
Numerous experiments have been made, whorv llvl
crows are thus injurious, to avert their ravages ; ond Ihtl
iiicthml I shall now relate, I have seen tried with d<|
most gratifying success. In a large tub a portion nt'lj
and grease were mixed, so ns to render llic tar siiflicifnlljl
thin and soft, and to this w.-is added a (tortion of slarkcill
lime ill powder, and tlic whole stirred until (horvii^UTl
incorporated. The sccil corn was then thrown iii,i
stirred with the mixture until each grain received a u
form coating. The corn was then dropped in tlic liilk
and covered as usual. This Iroatmcnt was foimd lo t
lard the gcrinination about Uirco days, as the miitonl
greatly excludes nioisturo from the grain. But the oron
did no injury to the field ; tliey |iullcd up a small ({UmiiiiJ
in diU'erent partd of tho planting, lo satisfy tliomsi lvr< J
was all alike; U|X)n liecoming convinced of wliicli, thfJ
<piictly left it for some less corcfiiUy managnl jrrouniif
wlittrc pains had not bcun takeo U> nuxko oil tlu) cuiua
nauseous oud bittu*
NO XI.
It rarely happen; that any of tho worki) of natun'i
wholly productivo of evil, and even tho crown, Irniili
some as they iiro, contribilto in a Rinnll degree lo t
good of the district they frequent. Thus, though ik
destroy eggs nnd young poultry, plunder tho coriitifH
nnd carry otT vvhatevor may servo for IckmI, Ihoy altonl'
tlin Burlaec of the earth of a considerable qiinnliij it
carrion, and a vast multitude of insects ond tin ir dcsln
live larvir. The crows arc very usefully cniploywl »!«
they alight upon newly ploughed fields, and pick <
great numbers of those Inrgc and long-lived \vor»(
which are so destrtietivo lo the roots of all grmviiij,'!
tables ; and Ihey ore scarcely less so, wlifu llii'V Inll
tho Bciiio haulers along tho shores, and pick uptlirjml
fishes, whi(?h would othorwiso lie left to piilrify .iiiili*|
tho nir with unpleasant vn|Miurs. Nevertholef?, llii.tl^
eoinc far more niiineriKis in (ome ii,irts of tlic i>«i*
than is at all necessary lo tho ffoixl nf Ihe inlialiil'
KAIiULK* or A NATIIHAMKT.
299
\ i ':
irilii-iiu.iitln-trit:,
1 tllf jr.i.inr „,n\
niil (HTICUI', u, |;j
^lK.t, ll.util.ivarf
riiiK.vf nrc lii'til,,, |
\c yming urc |,i,l.
iiniiiiH^'ililr thai 111,. I
•itiiill 111" Ihc j-nuiij
ssiii^' i)Ul( ru's, nj-
If trie, iiiii! calmly I
HT. Now mill III,.,, I
eiTiH iiiti'iiileil to liij I
lirt, iiiitl it is vrtr I
nil ilaiipr by Unit I
Icr Wiittlii's t';'i;rrlr |
rt from ; and ii U.ij I
I to till ir i:lunimir<, I
ii\ Ills h;i_v, us hit
liiin p't a t-\\;\ t; |
he is tiili'Ml.U »;m
ity tu I'y or (.hiiij...
farnii-r;! FnHlr n '^!
.■ir cnorinnus loii^Tf.
rcmlcrfil voriiiinH I
ri'. Woe l«liili' ill
ii'tl, when tilt' yi'iti.i:!
If nut well (.MiatddU
! iii>on it lit till' liissl
II lias risi.li fur 5lxnt|
•y shoot of tliegt-ni't.
fully from llii' n;.,«i
iWiillowin;; tl'.c jniii,
ilio (loos not vi^il 1.1,1
iirrivul, that he iiiil>'.|
it'll hopes of a cruf;|
vigilar.cr, he marl«|
: or thrice the ami
h a. fii'td in this KiyX
according to rirciiru-l
hese are exetcilinjlvl
cull, which pills tA
Uie least ap|H'Dnii«|
; tixtd their sentimlsl
the fiehl, and \mf\iM
\\ Bhoot ill sncecssi(«,l
The preen slimiil
had Ih'Cii nrran);rii|
•niorial of the «orkl
lUiiniiig and dcaruc-l
itiadc, where t!»|
ir ruvatjes ; and Ibtl
8L-CU tried with ll<|
tub a portion of litf
Icr the tar siiflicifniljl
a (tortion of slarkcill
■red until thoronflljl
then thrown iii,i
grain received i «
dropped ill the liiU
cnt wuB founil to r
ayr, as the niiilan]
grain. But the cm
d up a small qmuiUI)!
Ratlsfy lliemwlvoff
inced of wliicli,ll»|
y managed gxmtii
Diolu) all tlu) cuiu •
,jjl,i„^v,r wiiulil ilrviio a iiiitJKicI of U-s.Miiig tluir
,'i, ,,.rs sMcl.! ■iilv, woiiM eirti.iiily ho iloiii;; a scf\ii,<j t.i
. . ..iiiiiii'i'.'''
' i.iil a iiniilir <'l" a "'i'l-' uliovc the liou.^<i' I livid in
I 1 .irli-""-'' 'ii'i'l'i I'"' >i'"ro was ii sniid luiik or hhitr,
lit ■![)• iT thirty lii't hii;!!, eruu-iieil willi a iloii^^e y.iiii.L'
,., ilircsl I" i''* very i'<l;;r. Allllo^t ilireetly «|>i><).-ili',
iV-'iiire w:is Ihit, and •'"■'"I'd a point e.\lt iidiii;,' in tlh-
•..ml'a hro;:d ;i:iiid lur, for a eon.-'iiler.ihli! di^tall(•l•
lilhi; wal' r, and Wiii.ii tlie liiliMV:iM low, this Hat af-
I -.VJ !i ti"^' li'Vi'l sjiaer, to wliii-li nothing i^oulil apjiroaeii
|. iiliiiir direelioii, willioul lieiii^ ea.^iiy sirii. At a
, ,/(|islanci: fioni tin: vvatrr, a yuuii^' swamp HOml of
' j,,^ jruni, oak.-*, iV.c. txliiided hack, towards sonu
d. As the sun desieiiJed, and throw hi:
workA of naluroi
J the erowB, IriiuU
mnnll deffree to I
Tims, though ll.
under the eoriilifl*
or food, they jlroti
idcrnhlo qimntiiyi
eta and tin ir dosUr
fully employed ith
fields, ond jiitki
i long-lived »oni
ofnllgrowincn
10, when tlu'Vlii
Lnd [lick iiplhi''™
rt to put rify anil H
fcvprlliflesf, Ikv''
lajts of tlie miiir
,f the inlialiil'"!
|^.;;i.r);rouJi
" MVH in one hroad sheet of goliirii etViiIirrin:e over
i:i-fl il minor of llio waters, iniinnic raliie eoinpa-
.iii'erows arrived daily, and scttli '.1 on this point, tor
■i;iri.>c of dri.ikini;, piokinir up f;i'avil, and ui.itiiiL'
:i^1)kIv jiiior lo retiring; lor the ni;,'ht to their aecus.
,. ■; liiirniilory. Tiie trees adjaecnt and all the shore
;;,|!)oli!eriilly hhiekeneil hy thosi' plumed ni:ir,inikrs,
:_tlnir inereasini; oulejies, chiitlering and serianis,
, alin.jst dealeninfj. It certainly seenis tiiat tluy
,v "rent pleasure Ironi their social hahits, ^iid I of-
„ iiiwd myself by thinking; the iininterrnpud clatter
ih IV.IS ke,)t np, as the dillerenl gangs united with
juiaia hodv, was produced by the leeital of the adveii-
ii,.i llii:v lull cneonnterod during their last iiiarandini;
ioiis. As the sun lieeanie entirely sunk lulow the
a, llie grand lloek cros.scd lo the sand hlnlF on t!ie
(,H..-i!i: siilc, wliere they generally spent a tew nioinents
■,i king up a fnrllier supply of gravel, and then ari.s-
ri;i dense anil ample cohinin, they songliL tlieir iiald-
Jn«st ill the deep entanglements of the distant jiiiies.
■lis il.iilwisit to the )ioiiit, so near to my (Kvelliiig, and
ijiro.ssillle by incims of the skill', led me to hojiu that
i'liiil.l have considerable suceess in destroying them.
illof such anlieipatiotis, I loaded two guns, and pro-
-Jilin my lioal to the e.\-|)ceted place of aelhiii, pre-
omtollie arrival of the crows. My view was to have
; lii.it soiiiewherc about h.ilf way belweeii the two
j-liores, and as they never inanil'ested much fear of
I'.^.lotikc my chance of firing upon the main body
B !!]■■/ were tlying over my head to the opposite side of
riviT. Shortly al"ter I had gained my station, tiic
Bunii's began to arrive, and every thing went on as
Hut whether they suspected some misehief Irom
ill;' a li'ial so long stationary in their vicinity, or could
iiiil ili.<.tiiiguijli the guns in llic boat, I am uiiahlg tu
; tliu lliet was, however, that when they set out to
uMT, tliey passed at nil elevation which .secured them
::i lay artillery eUeelually, although, on ordinary oe-
■uiiK. Iluy were in the habit of Hying over me at a
i-'.A of nut iihU'e than twenty or thirty liet. I retnrn-
lioiii'j without having had n shot, but resolved to try
I OjuIJ not succeed better the nc.vt day. Tho same
jiil lijlknved the expeiinienl, and when I fired nt one
;, wliieii il appeared possible tu attain, the instant
ijua wa.i discharged, the crows made a sort of halt,
oiidud considerably. Hying in circles, and screaming
•Iviiriierously, as if in contempt or derision. Had I
:i |i:e|ianil lor this, a few of them might have sutfer-
:".rtikir bravado. Jiut my second gun was in the
iir III' the huiil, and bel'oro I could get it, the black
;it.-y had risen to their tiirnier security. While we
Killiii',' at tea that evening, a black came to inlorin
lint aeousiderahle lloek of crows, which had arrived
uhli^ li jjiii the great lloek, had |iilclied in the young
I n great way t'roni the house, and nt a short
Ijuce from the road-sidi!. We ipiiekly had the guns
tiiidiiii'is, and I scarcely could restrain my impa-
:nre until it should he late enough and dark enough to
KH iliaiiee of sueccs.s. Without thinking of any
lull the great number of the crows, and their iii-
iiily I" lly to advantage in the night, my notions of
iiiii.ilKrs we should bring home were extravagant
iiugli, and 1 only regretted that wo might he obliged
Icuvo sumo hehinil. At length, led by the black Uiy,
KillioJ I'urth, and soon arrived in the vicinity of this
'["irary and unusual roost; and now the true cliarac-
"I liio enterprise began to appear. \Vc wern to leave
'iiid, mid penetrate several hundred yards among
iliiiu'i, whose proximity lo each other, and the dilli-
illy of moving hetweeu -.vhicli, on aeconnt of the dead
It-Ill'', h.H been heretolipro stated. Next, we had to
circl'iil nut to alarm the crows before we were ready
"■', ami at the s'liiii' time wrrr to advance with cocln'il
n' ii imr h.iiidi. 'i'hu onlv way of moving tiirwards
il!, 1 1'iUiid lo be lliat ol' Inriiiiig my shoiilder.i a:*
l*'i^iM'"''ible to the dead braiielics, and broaking my
v.iy us t'cnllv as I coiilj. At last we reached the trees
i,M>:i whieii llie crows were roosting; but as the foIi;;;ii^
of the v.miig pini > w.is evlicmi ly ileii-c, and the liinU
were lull t'orty fei t above the g-oimil, it was out of llie
i|iicstion !■> di.-tingni.-li while the gaatest numlier were
."i'.ii.'ittd. Sill cling the trees wiiicli appeared by the
grc.it. r darkiu ss of till ir siinimils to he most he, ally
I idi n with our game, my companion and 1 piilled our
tri:.'gi rs at the s.ine moment. The report was liillnwed
by considi ral.h' outcries Irom the crows, by a heavy
sh.ivvcr of pine twigs and leaves upon which the shot
lad taken elfeet, ami a deafening roar caused by the snd-
deii risin:.' on the wing of the alarmed slee|iers. t>iir
er.nv at 11 ngl.'i till near inc, which was wounded too
badly to tly or n tain his |Kreli, and as the lloek had
gone entirely oil', with this one crow did I return, rather
crc.sl talleii from iiiy i.'r,ind noetiirnal expeililioii. This
crow, howiver, atVoided me ill^trllclive enipliynient and
iimnseinent diirin;; the next day, in the dissection of its
nerves and organs of si ii.-e, and 1 know not that I ever
diriv.d more ph'::^iire t'roni any tinatuinical examinalion,
thi.li 1 dill from the (lis.-eetion of its internal ear, 'I'iie
extent and eonvolutions of its seiiiii ircniar canals, show
how highly the sfn.<: of hearing is perrected in these
creatures, and those who wish to be convinced of the
truth of whit wi- have stated in relation to thein, may
slill see this idenlieal rrow skull, in the Daltimore .Mu-
sriiin, to which I prcsentt d it after tinishing tile dissec-
ticui. At hast, 1 saw it there a year or two since,
though I little thought, when employed in examining, or
eveu when I I i.st saw it, that it would ever bu the subject
of such a rel'cnnee " in a printed book."
Not eisily disheartened by preceding fiiilnrcs, I next
rc.-olvcd lo try to outwit the crows, and for tiiis purpose
prepared a lonir line, to wliieli a very considerable num-
ber of lateral iijies were tied, having each a very small
li-hing hook at the end. Laeh of Iheije hooks was bait-
ed witli a siiiiile grain of corn, so cunningly put on,
that it seennil iiiipo.~siblc that the grain could he taken
lip without the hook being swallowed with it. About
tiuir o'clock, in order to be in full time, 1 rowed uii to
the sandy |>oint, made fast my main line to a bush, and
extending it toward tlie water, jugged it down to the
other end securi ly in the sand. 1 next arranged nil my
baited lines, and then covering them all nicely with
sand, le't notliing expo.sed but tho bait. This done, I
scattered a ipiantity of corn aJl around, to render the
baits as little habic to suspicion as |Hi.ssiblc. Aller taking
a t'lnul view ol' tJie r'.rrangcmcut, which seemed a very
hn|icful one, 1 pulK d my boat gently homeward, to wait
the event of iny solicitude for the capture of the crows.
As usual, they arrived in thousands, blackened the sand
biaeh, c'latlered, scieanud, ami llultcred about in great
tlee, and linally saiUd over the creek and away to their
ron-t, without having lell a solitary unfortunate to pay
lor having meddled with my biited hooks. I jumped
into the skill', and s'xin paid a visit to my nnsncce.ssliil
snare. The corn was all gone ; tlic very hooks were all
bare, audit w.-.s evident that sonic other cx|H'dicntinust be
adopted Iiiiiire 1 could hope to succeed. Had I caught
hut one or two uliri, it was iiiy intention to have em-
ployed them to prmnre the destruction of others, in n
inuiiier I shall litrcaller describe.
Nfl. XII.
Hr.d I fuecccded in obtaining pnmn living crows, they
weie to be emphiyed in the ibllo.ving manner. AtUr
having made a sort of conccilininl of brushwood within
good gunshot distance, the crows were to hi' fastened by
tin ir wings on tliiiir Uieks, between two pegs, yet not
so closely a.s to prevent tlicni from ilntteiing or strug-
gling. The other crows, who arc always very inquisi-
tive where their s|H'eies is in any trouble, were cx|>ccted
to settle down near the captives, and tho latter would
certainly si-ize tho first that cuinc near enough with
their claws, and hold on |H'rtinaciously. This would
have prodiccd lighting and screatning in abundance, and
the whole Hock might gradually ho so drawn into the
fray, as to alloiv many op|>ortunitiea of discharging the
guns U|M)ii them willi I'ull ciVect. ' This I have oHeii ob.
served, that when a quarrel or fight took pluco in n
large tlock or giuig of crows, a circumstance by no
means infrequent, it seemed soon to extend to thc^vliole,
and, during the continuance of their anger, all the usual
caution of their nature apix'ared lo tic forgotten, allowing
Iheinselves at such times to be approached closely and re,
girdhwa of men, lirc-anns, or tiio liill of their com|vi-
nioiiN, tontiniiing their wrangling with tancorous obf i-
naey. \ ^inlilar di>|>osilirui niny 1h' produced among
them by catching a large owl, uud tying it with u cold
of moderate linirtli to the limb of u itaki-il tree in a
neiLrhboiirhoixl titipii nicd bv tiic crows. The owl is out*
if llir few cm ml, s which Ilie erow hiis ntoi h reason lo
liciid, as il robs tlir lusts of tin ir yoiinj.', winni vtr Ihey
ire lell for the sliorli st linn. Iliine, uhciicMr crows
liseover an owl in tlie day time, lii;e many other, birds,
they ewinmcnci' an attack n|>oii il, senaming most voci-
liroiisly, and bringing togi-tlier all of their K|M>cics with-
in hearing. < )nce Ihi.-i clamour ha~ litirly In gun, and their
passions are Hilly aroused, there is little danger of tlicir
being scared away, and the ciiuiice of destroying them
by shooting is conliniii^d as long as the owl remains un-
injured, lint one such op[>ortniiity presi iitcil during my
residence where crows were abimd.inf, anil this was un-
liu'Umately spoiled by the eagerness of one of the gun-
ners, who, in his aiixietv to ilcmolisli one ot" the crows
lixcd upon some that were most busy with the owl, and
killed il instead of its dislnrUrs, winch at once i iidcd
iIk' sport. When the crows leavi^ the risist, at early
dawn, they generally tly to a mked or leatless tree ill
Hie nearest llclil, and there plinnc Ihi n.s. 1ms und chatter
imlil the ilaylifhl is siiliieieiilly clear to show all iibjeets
with dislinclness'. Of this circuiiislaiiee I have taken
advantage several times to get g',oi! sliots at theiii in
this way. During the il,ay time, having seheled a spot
wilhiii proper distance of the tree t'requi nleil by them
in the morning, 1 have built with biiisliwood and pine
bushes a thick, close screen, bthinil whiili one or two
persons might move .■■■enurcly vvithoii* Ik in:: obsi^rved.
I'roper o|K'iiiiigs, thron^li wliieli lo level the i:uni; were
also made, as the slightest stir or noise could not bo
made at the time of actii.>ii, without a risk of rendering
all the preparations I'ruitless. 'i'he guns were all in or-
iler and loaded iK'fore going to Uil, and at .in hour or
two bclijrc daylight, we repaired quietly to the iield and
slalioned ourselves hi^hind the sercLii, where, having
mounted our guns at the loop-holes lo Is: in |h rfecl rea-
diness, \K<: wailed jiatiently for the daybreak. Sx.n allcr
the gray twilight of the dawn began tu displace the
darkness, the voice of one of our cxiKeted visiUintd
would be heard from the distant t'ori'st, and shortly after
a single crow would slowly s:.il towards the s^ditary trco
and settle on its very suminit. rresently a li:\v nioro
would arrive singly, and in a little while small llocks
Ibllowed. Onversatioii among them is at Hrst rather
limited to occasional salutations, but as the rtix;k Ugina
to grow numerous, it bei'omcs ueiu r;.l and very animat-
ed, and by this time all that limy lie ex|K'eted on this oc-
casion have arrived. This may lie known al.-o, by ob-
serving one or more of tin m descend to the ground,
and if the gunners do not iuav make the best of the oc-
casion, il will soon be lost, as the whole gang will pre-
sently sail oil', scattering as they go. However, wc rare-
ly waited till there was a danger of their depciture, but
as soon as the Hock had t'aijy arrived and were still
crowded upon the upper parts of the, tree, »c pulled
triggers logelher, aiming at the tliiekest of the throng.
In this way, by killhig and wounding them, w itli two or
three guns, a dozen or more would be dcstroyid. It
was of course needless to ex|>cct to find a ^inlilar opiwr-
tiinity in tlic same place for a long time allcrwards, as
thosu which escaped had too goed memoriis to return to
so ilksastrnus a s|iot. IJy ascertaining other situations at
consideral.'le dislaiiccs, we could every now uud tlicn
obtain similar advantage.: over them.
.•\bout the years I'^IH), 1, ;>,.'!, I, the crows were so
vaslly nceunnilated and destructive in the state of .Mary-
land, thai the g,ncrmnent, to hasten their dimimition,
received their he.ids in payment of t.axe.s, at the priix- of
three ernts each. The slore-kee|Hrs liought tiiem of tho
boys and shooters, who had no taxes to pay, at a rather
lower rate, or exchanged powder and shot tor liiein. This
measure eau.seil a great havoc tots' kept up among llieiii,
and in a i'vw years so much diiiiinishcd the grievance,
that the price was withdr.awn. Two modes of shooting
them in eoiisiderable numlKrs were followed and \»ilh
great success ; the one, lli.il of killing them whih' on
the wing tow:irds the loosl, and the other attacking
llicm in the night when they lind liecn for some hours
asleep. 1 havo already mentioned the regidarity with
which vast Hocks move from various quarters of Uic
country to their roosting pl'ices every utK'rnooii, and tho
uniformity of the route tiiey pursue. In cold weather,
when all the small liodiea of water are frozen, and they
aro obliged to protract their Hight towards the bays or
sea, their relurn is a work of considerable latwiir, espe-
cially should a strong wind blow against llicm ; at lliis
season also, being rather poorly lid, they are nf necessity
less •• igorous. Should the wiiul !«• ndvi rse, tliiyHya«
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near the earth n.i possible, and of this the shooters at the
time I nlluile to took advantage. .\ large niimlKT woultl
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300
RKMINISCENCKS OF A VOYAOK TO INDIA.
V:1\
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„,.._il' iffi Sf>
riilK'H on Kiii'li nil nAiTiiixin, niid sliitiiiii tlu'iiiKi'lvi'y close
iiloiifr till' fiiot-way ot";i liiirli bank, over wliinli tlii' crows
were in llic liiiliil ortlyiiif; ; and an limy wrro in u {rrcal
ili'irrcc srrctnod rroiii sight a.s the Mnck Hiw over, kccp-
ing as low as |iossil)lc iM'oanso ot' the wind, their shots
wire generally very eHeetnal. The stronger was the
wind, the greater was their success. The crows Ihul
were not injured found it very dilVienlt to rise; and those
that divergi'd laterally, only came nearer to gunners sta-
tioned in e.':|K'elatinn ot' such inovemi'iits, 'I'he Hock
were s<'veriil hours in passing over, and ns there was
generally a eonsideralde interval lielween each company
ofeonsideralile size, the last arrived, nusnspieions of wlinl
had liei'ii going on, and the shooters hail liiiic loreehargi
their arms. Hut the grand harvest of crow lieads, was
derived from the invasion ol' their dormitories, which are
well worthy a |iiirticnlar description, and should lie visited
by every one who wishes to form a pro|K'r idea of the
miinlKT of lliese birds that may lie accumulated in a singli'
district. The roost is most commonly the densest pine
thicket that can lie found, generally nt no great distance
from some river, ba)', or other sheet of water, which is
llic last to freeze, or rarely is altogether frozen. To such
a roost, the crows, which, are during the day-time,
scattered over jicrhaps more than a hundred miles of cir-
cunifercnee, wing their way every afternoon, and arrive
shortly after siin.sct. Kndless columns jmur in from
various quarters, and ns they arrive pitch u|)on their ac-
customed [icrches, crowiling closely together for the
benefit of the warmth and the shelter atTordcd by tlie
thick foliage of tlie pine. The trees arc literally bent by
their weight, and the ground is covered for many feet in
depth by their dung, which by its gradual ferinentation,
must also tend to increase the warmth of the roost.
Such roosts are known to lie thus occupied for years,
beyond the inemory of individuals; and I know of one or
two, which the oldest residents in the quarter stale to
have licen known to their grandfathers, and jiroliably had
been resorted to by tlic crows during several ages pre-
vious. There is one of great age and magnificent extent,
in the vicinity of Uock Creek, an arm of the Patapsco
They are sutfieiently numerous on the rivers opening
into the t'hesn[K'ake, and are every where similar in their
general .isiwct. Wilson has signalised such a roost at no
great distance from I'l istol, I'a. and I know by observa-
tion, that not less than a million of crows sleep there
nightly during the winter seas<m.
To gather crow heads from the roost, a. very large
party was made up, |irii|>ortioned to the extent of surface
occnpiid by the dorinitury. Armed with double barrelled
and duel; guns, which threw a large clinrge of shot, the
company was divided into small parties, and tiiese took
Ntiilions, selected during the day time, .so as to surround
the riKist as nearly as |>ossible. A dark night was always
preferred, as the crov»s could not when alarmed fly fiir,
nnd the attiek. wa« delayed until full midnight. All
lieing at their [xists, tlie firing was commenced by those
who were most advantageously |)ostcd, and followed up
Fiiccessivelv by the others, ns the afl'righted crows sought
refiigv in tiieir vicinity. t)ii every side the carnage then
raged fiercely, and there can scarcely Ih' conceived a
more forcible idea of the horrors of n battle, than such a
scene atForded. The crows screaming with fright and
the pain of wounds, the loud deep roar produced by the
raising of llieir whole numtier in the air, the incessant
flashing and thundering of the guns, and the shouts of
their eager destroyers, all produced an effect which can
never lie forgotten by any one who has witnessed it, nor
can it well lie adeipiatcly comprehended by those who
hnvc not. Illindeil by tlie blaze of the powder, and be
wilderinl by the thicker darkness that ensues, the crows
rise and si'tlle again at n short disUmte, without being
able to withdraw from the field of danger ; and the san
puinary work is continued until tlie shooters arc fatigued,
or the approach of daylight gives the survivors a chance
of escape. Then the work of collecting the heads from
the dead and wounded began, nnd this was a task of con-
siderable difiiculty, as the wounded used their utmost
efforts to conceal and defend themselves. The bill and
half the front of the skull were cut off together, and strung
in sums for the tax-gatherer, and the product of the night
divided nceording to the nature of the party formed.
Sometimes the great mass of shooters were hired for the
night, and received no shares of scalps, having their am-
munition provided by the employers; other parties were
formed of friends and neighliours, who cliiblicd for the
ammunition, nnd shared equally in the result.
During hard winters the crows suffer severely, and
perish in considerable numbers from hunger, though
tlioy onduro a wondnrftil degree of abstinence without
mucli injury. When starved sovorcly, llio poor
wretches will swallow bits of leather, ro|ic, rags, in short
any thing that ap|iours to promise the slightest relief.
Miillitudes belonging to the Itristnl roost, |ierished dur-
ing the winter of Ifay-U from Ihiscause. Alltlio water
courses were solidly frozen, nnd it was distressing to
obherve these starvelings every morning winging their
weary way towards the shoies of the sea in lio|ies of
food, and again to see them toiling homewards in the
af'lernoon, apparently scarce able to fty.
In speaking of destroying crows, we have never nd-
verlpil to the use of |ioison, which in their case is wholly
inadmissible on this account. Where crows are common
hogs generally run at largo, and to poison the crows
would equally poison them ; the crows would die, and
fiill to the ground, where Ihoy would certainly be eaten
by the hogs.
Crows, when caught young, learn to talk plainly, if
pains be taken to repent certain phrases to them, and
they become cxceeiiingly impudent and troublesome.
Like all of their Irilie, lliey will steal and hide silver or
other bright objects, of w liieli they can niuko no possible
use.
iflrmCnisrriicrfl of a ^'oimqc to Kiiliia.
Wc arc tempted to insert, from tlic same journal, the
following Keminiscenees of a Voyage 'o India, written
by Dn. Kevnei.i, C^o.tTEs, of this city. They furnish
descriptions in a department of natural history but little
attended to, nnd are |ieiined with a skill which will pro-
duce lasting fame to tho author, should ho undertake a
more extended ulTurt.
NO. I.
The American public need not be reminded of the folly
of those toiirist.s, who, atVcr a week's resiilenee in a capi-
tal city, take passage in a line of coaches, and hastily
eircumambulating a small |H)rtioii of n grent continent,
return to launch out into profound disquisitions on na-
tional ehuracter and the mutability of governments. 1
am not of this school ; but as no one can travel round
two thirds of the circumference of our glolic, either by
land or sea, without aequiring many facts, and making
mniiy observations highly interesting to those who quietly
enjoy the sweets of social intercourse around the paternal
hearth, I hoiio that these detached reniiiiiscenecs, while
they contribute to my own happiness by recalling scenes
of grandeur and of lieauty which I cim never lioiH) to
revisit, may also prove u harmless recreation.
MINUTE ANIMALS OF THE OCEAN.
The innumerable trik's of insects which swarm in
every part of the world, delighting us by the brilliancy
of their colouring, or tormenting us with their att.icks
upon our imtsoiis or our pro|)erly, although their armies
somi^tinies render whole countries uninhabitable, destroy-
ing every blade of grass in their career ; even these seem
ingly interminable hosts must yield the palm in number,
beauty, I'vcry thing except destructiveness, to the sky-
tinted denizens of the ocean. Kvcry leaf of sca-wecd,
every fragment of floating timber, teems with life in some
of its most interesting forms, and tho blue cxjianse of
waves is every where studded with animated gems, which
sail nlong its surface or lie hidden in its bosom.
The seaman, as the vessel hurries along, catches occa-
sional glimpses of misty specks floating beneath him,
which, to his careless eye, ap|iear like tiio spawn of fishes,
or the slime washed from their bodies, yet in these un-
promising and neglected atoms, closer examination dis-
covers beings whose delicacy of structure defies the
pencil, nnd whose tints arc rivalled only by tlioso of a
summer's evening.
It is miieh to be regretted that many minds eai>ahle of
enjoying, in the highest degree, tliosc plcaaiircs which
may be drawn from every department of natural history,
are arrested on the threshold of the study by the <lry and
technical systems, which are but the commnn-plaee-books
of the science, but which are too generally regarded ns
the science itself. Some knowledge of these systems
seems indispensable to the grand and general views which
constitute the chief interest of mnny departments of na-
ture ; but tho minute inhabitants of tho ocean possess a
charm for every eye, an interest peculiarly their own.
In observing t|>eir beauties uiid their manners, the tra-
veller would find deliglitfiil occupation, and the tcim,
of the sea would lie forgotten.
Much of my time wns em|iloycd in calchini; i|,f,,|
minute animals with a net of bunting secured tontm I
twelve feet in length, with which practice soon r(ii(|f„j|
me so adroit, that little escajicd me that flraiicd ni||,,.|
three feet of the surface. I cannot hofic, by nmf i), [
scription, to inspire others with the same eiillni,jj,||'|
admiration whicli 1 filt in a personal examiiinlinniiri',.
wonders of my net; but I trust that, in inlrralnur,,!
.some of these new aeijuaintnnces to your renders, 1 si,,']!
not fm accused of making a burdensoinc addilion lu ili,;J
circle.
'i'lic vast tract of waters constituting the (iiilf sirumi
stretching itself along the coast of North Aimrira, liitl
like a huge ocean desert, shunned even by tin. d^r
which are seen but rarely within its limits ; Imlrii lU
farther side a counter current travels at a slowir pan i
the op|(osilc direction. The surface of this carrfnliir
thickly covered with masses of sea-wced and ollut ilio;J
ing liodies, swept by the stream from the sliorcj of u
(iiilf of Mexico and the southern states, and ciillroi. d j,
the eddies. Each little tufl, if carefully taken, ami |ilai«]
in a tumbler or basin of salt water, will display n niiinhrJ
of licautiful shrimps, simttcd, chequered, or striprd niijl
every shade of colouring; a variety of minute crabs, linlJ
shells, and not unfrequcntly fish, in enmparisnn «i?|
wliich the minnoes of our creeks arc leviathans. .MisioL
these various tribes which have been carried by the cnrj
rent from their native shores, would sjiccdily |ierlili ii
the unfathomable depths of their own element, ifiloimut
for a long time of the support afforded by their littU
vessel.
One would suppaso that a voyage of three IhoiijjJ
miles, performed in company, and within the narroii
confines of a tufl of leaves, would be sufticicnt lo id
tablish a good understanding in the little cominuniitl
but, alas t the natural proiiensities to violence and |iluni{i J
which not even the lofty attribute of human reason n
control, here rage with unrestrnined violence ; no smu
is this mimic world confined within the precinctji of t
tumbler or the basin, than the whole vessel dis|ilarsJ
.system of inveterate warfare. In vain do tho siualkl
shrimps dart tlirough the labyrinth of leaves to oIuiIclJ
pursuit of the crabs; they are speedily torn in piicf!,((
driven from their shelter to become tlie prey of sonic to
raeious fish, which, flying before the persecution of ilj
larger brethren, thus repays the hospitality of thw i]
wliose dominions it seeks obscurity and safety. Itnt lliij
ingratitude seldom passes unpunished. Pent within n
row iKiiinds, and unable to elude pursuit by sliootinf l<
yond the grasp of its insulted protectors, a dcsiioralo era
lliet ensues lietwccn the fish and the crabs, and in afJ
hours nothing of the animated scene survives, cmj^
some two or three mutilated combatants, who, no lonce
possessed of their dangerous wea|ions of offenci', or iJ
liausted with wounds, arc fain to make a iieaccahlc n
U|xin tlio carcasses of their former associafeii. Wbi
moral might the observer extract from the lii<rh ditii^
nnd noble prowess of these little aquatics, none n(v:m
ever acquire tho paltry magnitude of three quarlip 1
an inch ! What exiiuisitc similes might be drawn fr^
such a fertile source to embellish the pngcs of liistory.a
to lie sounded upon tho harp of flattery, to ewill
festive raptures of tho hero!
Notiiing is more striking to tlie naturalist llian il
contrast between the grandeur and the immensit): t
power displayed by tlie angry waves around him, aij
the delicate and fragile forms whicli crowd their surfiJ
Tlie crest of a billow, which causes the tough fir-ribb
vessel to tremble beneath it like a child under tlitrolJ
it.s tutor, passes harmlessly over myriads of bi'iiips, vhkl
when removed from their native element, dissolve \m
the fervour of the sun, or break in pieces by tlirii on
weight. Yet, unobtrusive as are these lower link.' t
tho scale of nature, escaping by their very huniililrll
destruction which so ol\cn overwhelms the nrmid Inidij
the creation in spite of all his science and liis slnni
they are otlen individually dressed in beauty before «lii
the lily would fade, and the rose hide its blushu; ■
collectively, they produce some of the most sublime f
nomena, wliich havo oven astonished tlic pliilotopi)
building up islands in the midst of the deep, or, in iiim
simrtivcness, alarming the mariner with tlie appenno
of unreal shoals, and wakening the lightning of the f
ti'rs to increase the brilliancy of moonlight, or to reniid
more terrific tlio gloom of tho midnight tempest,
This picture may appear too glowing to mony, k"'^
my next I will endeavour to establish its corrcctnw
C
Tl,n»p who hav
,1 l.oDir Hrniicli
^ ilKJr r.imblini
innfparent ninssi
L|,e nuiiiin. Th
itnies, anil are de
Liiit».«'ii'=''»l'l*
Lffj III' sonic shell
kisleil many to
jurine animal.
Ifoncoflhese g
I jK-iliiilely after it
,uf|iri»cd lo find
Ljor, or convex pa
lirelii, and from ii
leif-jiko inombrun
of numerous threat
niir:'inof tho uni
iniiiialin it swims
alien sovoral feet i
lliesanil; Ihoy are
iBii secure Iho proj
Kiinalion, when iip
Miranco nnd olfeii
Iffjinen liavo given
III naturalists the
I have ollbrcd tlii
laniiliar exainpK
Itiiich ,aro the subjo
iri' all alike gclati
lllieiii melt and flow
lollie ilireet rays ol
Ol'all llic tribes of II
|ir pari iif Iho ocean,
|ii tlio Porluguesc 'i
lobloii; animated sa(
inio a conical neck,
u|niislon running n
laiinsinir above int<
leipanded or contraci
Ipletjure of tlio anir
|ias|iended from ton
llulfan inch to an ir
tilreniity, and forme
There havo boon regi
llbixl, like tlio first stc
lit denlilulo of any \
lind as I have froque
Ipirenlly half digeste
Iprapcr stomachs; nor
li«ilo<;y that an anil
Ident stomachs, than I
Ubli', llio saracinea, i
jicnlly for a similar |
From the centre ol
iLll'e lord, never ex
lUiickness, uiid often
The sizo of tho Pi
Ihalf an inch to six i
Lotion, tho sail is a
Ibrcezc, and tho clong
illieaniniala form i
Imnf which wo soini
Il is not the form
Icliiefheauty of this Ii
lllic body and the ncel
Ifiiiil irrisdesccuco in
Ipeilectly transparent
Imred when viewed t
ktailually tinged as w
Jilelicatc bluo that can
l(i)uals tlic purest sky
Ituininit is of the most
lii shaded by Iho grad
Jlhrough all the intern
lult were upon a gn
lin aciial soilness liir I
Inntini; llio sooininglj
|thcclo80oftlic first r
The gioup of stomi
Jthough the hue is th(
lire, on this account ir
|wei|lii and form they
billist, while tho core
fcr jirds behind, is co
I The inodo in whic
IWna Bubjcct of mt
"lbs lliat are Jrcquoii
RKMINISCF.NCEH OF A VOYAGE TO INDIA.
:mi
lion, and the u,li,u,|
'A in CBtchinjt ii.f^i
ng sceurcil In a c,r,, I
rnctlcc noon nmlt,, J
ic tliiit flniilKl «ii|,,„
i)t hopr, tiy tmr, ,j,.
he Kniiio iiilliu«i]»iiJ
nl t'Miiiiiiinlinniifiyl
tlml, in inlrfMliintJ
) yonr rcndirs, 1 !|,ii|[
loinc atlilition tu \\n'A
tinjj the (inlf sirotn,!
f North Anifrira, lidl
;(1 even hy the f„|J
ts liniitH ; liiit r.n ||J
sin at a slower \im «M
ICC ot' this eurri'niii
-weed nnd othi r ilnjj
rem the shoren df n,
itatcH, nnd eullcct.d ij
fully tnken, nnd |)l«(f,j
I will display a niiinVj
picrcd, or striped wiij
of minute rrnbs, liitlj
, in enmpiirisnn ml
•c leviatlians. J^^i A
en carried by the futj
luld upcedily |*risli i
vn clement, if (If pmil
iffbrded by their liiiK
iffC of three thmmiJ
id within the nntroa
Id he anflicienl to (
the little coininiiiuiil
o violence nnd plumltrT
; of human reason t
cd violence ; no i
in the precincti of i
■liolc vessel dis|>lay!
n vnin do the smalJ
h of leaves to cinde 1>J
cdily torn in piccrs,(
le tlic prey of sonic t
the persecution ol'il
hospitality of thn$r i
, nnd safety. Knilliil
lied. Pent witliin n
lursuit hy sliuollnj; li
ictors, a desi)eralc cm
:he crabs, nnd inafiJ
icenc survivis, esc»|
utants, who, no lonp
Iwns of otTencc, or tj
inikc a peaccaldt mi
ler associates. WlJ
from the high diriij
luntica, none of wli
of three quorlcru i
[might 1)0 drawn I'mj
le pages of hislorr,!
flattery, to ewcjl f
|e naturalist than lI
id the iinnmnsilT i
ires around him, aia
ll crowd their surfatj
Ics tho tough tir-ribt
Ihild under tlitroiJ
|-iadsof beir(rs,i.liic|
ement, dissohc m
pieces by tlioir o
these lower links i
lir very humility ll
Ims the proud l()nl(j
Wo and Ills stna
1 beauty before »hi
|ide its blushcJi i
10 must sublime p
Jicd the pliiloeopl
|ie deep, or, in mil
/ith the appoam
llightning of the «
onliglit, or to roi
i;ht tempest.
fing to many, li"ii|
it» corrcclnnw
f.
NO. II.
uou.vac.r.. faur 8iio\i.s.
Tlinjp who have sought relief from tho summer heats
,1 iMH llrnnch or Ciipu iVtay, have probably noticed,
I ilicif raniblings along tho beach, certain gelalinoiis
" jpafoiit masses deposited by Ijii needing tide upon
lihc •anii.'. They rosomblo very I .ii;i' pliino.conve.x
L„^g^andaro devoid of colour, exeeiil iii a few minute
I Minis' which appeal like grains of yellow aaml, or the
l[!|tiiof«)iiie shells embedded in thoirnuhstnnee. This
Ikijird I'lany to considor thorn as tho spawn of some
Iniirini' animal.
I li'ono ofllicse gollios bo plurnd in a tub of brino im-
I nioiliali^ly ador it reaches the sliori' the obsorvor will he
I lariiriscd to find it possessed of anin ilion. Tho siipv-
I nor, or convex part, will e.xpnnd like llio lop of an uni-
|w|l,i, and from its under surface several fiiri<.'cd and
llrtl'.liko membranes will bo developed. The rmiiuiiis
lofnumorous threads, or tendrils, will float out troiii the
IjitrL'inof tho umbrella, following tlio motions of the
liniiiial as it swims around the tub. Thcso threads ure
Liien several lijot in length before thoy arc broken by
lllieMnd; they nro probably cmployod botJi to oiilieo
lindiiecuro tho proy, and Ihcy produce a sharp, stinging
litimalioii, when applied to the skin. It is from tho up-
|pe»ranra nnd olVunsivo power of those last organs, that
lUm'n have given the animal the title of tho sou nettle,
llnil naluralisis the generic name medusa.
I liavo ollbrod this rudo description of tho modusu, as
|i fimiiliar example of tho class of animatud beings
Iwlilcli are the subjects of the following remarks. Tliey
\iK all alike gelatinous and transparent, and many of
lilinii inell nnd llow away when exposed in the oiieii air
llotlio direct rays of the sun.
I Ol'alUlictribcsofinolluBcuiwliicharcscattorodovcrcve-
Itt larl ofllie ocean, tho most splendidand tho best known
liitlio Purlugueso 'man-of-war (physalia). This is an
lohlonj; animated sack of air, elongated at one e.xtromity
linlo a conical neck, and surmounted by a tnombraneouB
Itipansion running nearly tho whole length of the body,
lind rising above into a seiiiicircular sail, which can be
Ijipanded or contracted to a considerable extent, at the
Ipleasure of the animal. From beneath the body arc
liiupcnded from ton to fifty or more little tubes, from
lluifan inch to an inch in length, open at their lower
iHlrcinity, and formed like tho flower of tho blue bottle.
iTIiere have been regarded as temporary receptacloe for
llbod,likc the first stomach of cattle; but as tho animal
lis destitute of any visiblu mouth or alimentary canal,
lind as t have fro(|uentiy scon fish in their cavities ap-
Iparenlly half digested, I cannot but consider them as
I proper stomachs; nor indeed is it a greater paradox in
Inolo^y that an animal should jiossess many indepen-
Idtnl stomachs, than that the strango carnivcrous vogc-
lublf, llio saracinea, should make use of itH leaves appa-
|ienlH' for a similar pur|)osc.
From the centre of this group of stomachs depends a
ill'c I'ord, never exceeding tho fourth of an inch in
lUiickness, and often Ibrty times us long as tlie body.
The size of the Portuguese man-of-war varies Iroiii
Ihilfan inch to six inches in length. Wlion it is in
Iniolion, tho sail is accommodutod to the Ibrce of the
Ibrcpzc, and the elongated neck is curved upward, giving
llo llio animal a form strongly resembling the little glass
liians which wo sometimes see swimming in goblets.
II is not the form, however, which constitutes the
Icliicf beauty of this little navigator. Tho lower part of
lllic body and the neck aro devoid of all colour, except a
Ifiiiil irrisdesccnce in reflected lights, and they aro so
||cil°ectly transparent that the finest print is not ob-
Imred when viewed through them. Tho back becomes
wndually tinged as we ascend, with tho finest and most
Idtlicalc blue that cnn be imagined ; the base of the sail
l(i)uals the purest sky in depth and beauty uf tint ; the
liitininit is of the most splendid red, and the central part
lis shaded by llie gradual intermixture of these colours
Itliroiigh all the interniediato grades of purples. Drawn
luil were upon a ground-work of mist, the tints liavc
linaciial sollnoss liir beyond the reach of art, and war-
Innling the seemingly imaginative description given at
Ithecloso of the first number.
The gioup of stomachs is less transparent, and al-
llliough the hue is tho same as that of the back, they
Wat. on this account incomparably loss elegant. By their
■night and form they fill the double ofiice of a keel and
Ibillast, while tho cord-like appendage, which floats out
|l<>i;irds behind, is called by seamen tho cable.
I The mode in which the animal secures his prey has
Ibttna subject of much spuculaliun, for tho fish and
Itiabt that are Jrcqueutly found within tlio little tubes,
are ollen larijo enough to tear them in pieces could they
retain their nulural vigour during tho contest. I)u-
ciived by tho exlieme pain which is felt when tho ca-
ble is brniiglit into contact with the back of the liuiul.
natinnlists have concluded, 1 think too hastily, that I his
organ Hccretcs u jiujsoiiouh or acrid lluid, by which it
bciinnibs any unlurtunnte fish nr other animal that ven-
tures within its toils, allured by the hopo of making a
meal u|Mm what, in its ignorance, it Ijas niistuken fur a
worm. The secret will Im; better explained by a more
ciirpliil oxaniiuation of tho organ itself. Tho chord is
iiii i|Kwfid of a narrow lair of contractile fibius, scarcely
visible when relaxed, im account of its trniiKparuniy.
If tlio nniinal bo largo, this laynr of fibres will some-
lliiHiH extend itself to the leiigtii uf luiir or live yards. A
spiral line of blue bnail-likc boilius, less than the liead ut
a pin, r('V[:lves nruiiml the cable fruni end to end, and
under the microscu|ie llii »n beads appear covered with
minute prickles, so hard and sharp, that thoy will rea-
dily enter the Hubstancn of wood, adhering with such
jiertinacity that tho curd can rarely bo dutachcd without
breaking.
It is to thcso prirkles that tho man-of-war owes its
power of destroying uniinals miicli its superior in
strength and activity. When any thing bccuiiies im-
paled upon tlie cord, the contractile fibres aro called
into action, and rapidly shrink fioiii many luet in leiiglli
to less than the same number of inches, bringing the
proy within reach of tho littlo tubes, by oiio of wliich
it is immediately swallo 'cd.
This weapon, so insignificant in up|>carnnce, is yet
sniliciently formidable even tu man. I had unco the
mislbrtuno to become entangled with the cable of u very
large man-of-war while sv/iinniing in the open ocean,
und amply did it avenge its fellows, who now sleep in
my cabinet robbed at once of lilb and tioauty. Tho
pain which it inflicted was almost iiisnp|Kirtable for
some time, nor did it entirely coase Ibr twenty-four
hours.
I might now proceed to describe many analogous ani-
mals scarcely interior in intoresl, but it is time to no-
tice some individuals of another tribe, residing beneath
the surface, and theielbre less generally known,
Tlie grandest of these is the tieroe. In size and tbrm
it precisely resembles a purso, the mouth, or orifice, an-
swering to one of the modern metallic clasps. It is
perfectly transparent, and in order to distinguish its
filmy outlines, it is necessary to place it in a tumbler of
brino held between the observer and tho light. In cer-
tain directions tho whole body appears tiiintly irrides-
cont, but there are several tongiliidinul narrow lines
which reflect the full rich tints of the rainbow in the
most vivid manner, for over varying and mingling the
hues, even while the animal remains at rest. Under
tho iiiicruseojie these lines display a succession of innu-
merable C(dourod scales or ininuto fins, which aro kept
unceasingly in motion, thus producing the play of cu
lours by continually changing the angle of reflection.
Tlic movements of the beroe ure generally retrograde,
and aro not aided by tho coloured scales, but depend
upon the alternate contraction and dilatation of the
mouth. Tho lips are novor perfectly closed, and tliu
littlo fibh and shrimps which play around them aro con-
tinually entering and leaving tlioin at ]>loasure. Tin
animal is de|ieiidcnt Ibr its food noon such senii-aniina
ted substaiicos as it draws within its grasp by moving
slowly backwards in the water, and retains them in con-
sequence of their own fccbloness and inability to csca|)c
the weakest of snares.
Another tribo of the sea-purses, (salpa,) though much
smaller than the beroo, are more complex in structure,
and possess a higher intcrost in consc(iuonce of tho sin-
gular habits of some of tho species. They are double
sacks, resembling tho boroc in general form, but desti-
tute of irridesccnco.
Tho outer sack, or mantle, rarely exceeds an inch in
length, and is commonly about half as wide. Tho inner
sack is much smaller, and tho interval between these
forms a cavity (or the water which they breathe, and
tbr some of tho viscera. Their visible organs arc a trans-
parent heart, which can only bo seen in the strongest
light ; a splendid double rowof whitish boad-like cavities
forming a spiral line near one oxtroniily, and supposed
to be cither lungs or ovaries ; numerous broad, flat,
pearly muscles, barely distinguished by their mistiness,
and an alimentary canal as fine as horse-hair, with a
slight cnlnrgcmont at one spot, which has been called
a stomach. This enlargement resembles both in sizo
and colour a grain of sand. From the ba.sc of tho ani-
mal arises two longer and four or five shorter conical
spines of jelly, curved into hooks at tlin |ioinls, by iiiiMns
of which imiiKrons individuals allaili lliiniisclves lo-
!;ether in double lows like the leaflets of a piiiimled leaf.
Cords of this Kind, emiiposed of forty or filly animals,
were often taken, but thoy separate and reattach tlieiii-
solves at pleasure.
To the gregarious habits of this little mollusipin wo
owe a very singular and striking plienomenn, which I
hnvo never seen noticed by naturalists, allliuiigh we ftc-
iinenlly wilnesscd it near the Capo of tlood IIo|k\
The animals aro occasionally limiid ussoci.iled to-
gelhorin such countless myriads that the sea is literally
lilled with them, sonn'tiiiii^s over three or tiiiir sijiiaru
miles of surliiee. and lo tho depth of several fiithoms.
Tho yellow B|H)ts which liavo been described being the
iiiily coloured |K)itiiins of their body, give to the wliolo
tract the appearance of a .shual or sand bank at soiiiu
distance below tho surface. The deccpti<m is hoiglit-
einil by the greater sninothness of tho water at thcso
places, iNirticiilarly in culm w<'atlier, fiir so closely aro
I he animals erovvili'd logetber, that the water is rendered
in a manner less fluid ; the smaller billows break around
the margin and arc lost, wliilo the heavy waves of tho
.southern ocean aro somewhaloppcjscd in tliiir progress,
anil take on in a slight degree the usual appeaiaiiie ol
the gruiind swell. There can be but little doiibl that
iiiaiiy uf the mimcruiis shuals laid down in the charts
of this region, but which have never been seen by any
but the supposed discoverers, have lieeri inimeiise baiik.H
of these gregarious niolluscie. In sailing through a tract
of this description, in vvhieli tho progress of the ship
was very sensibly retarded, I have dipt up with llio
ship's bucket a greater bulk uf the animals than of tho
water in which thoy were sus|iciided. llow wonderfiil
are the ell'ects produced by tho minute links uf creation !
C.
C. wishes those of his friends who have devoted them-
selves to the study of natural history, to understand dis-
tinctly that tho anatomical and chemical terms con-
tained in these ossjiy.s, aro employed, not in their
scientific but in their popular .sense, and also that in
drawing the organs uf tho salpa he has fblloweil La-
marck and Cuvicr, without eoiiMiiilting himself by any
opinions u|>oii the correctness of their generic descrip-
tions, as applicable to this particular species.
No. III.
niOSniOKESCENCE OF THE OCE.\.\.
As the glow-worm and tho fire-fly enliven tho night
by land, so do many of the mullnscu; and other mariiio
animals kindle their mimic fires by sea — but on a far
grander nnd more imposing scale.
If, during a dark night, wc watch attentively the ad-
vance and retreat of the breakers on the beach, wo shall
generally |)crceivc the crest of each billow to be illumi-
nated by a faint flash at tho moment of its fall ; and alter
the wave subsides, the beach will be spangled with mi-
nute but brilliant specs, which shine Ibr a few moments
and then disappear. These lights will convey un idea
of what is meant by the phosphorescence of the ocean.
At all times, and in nearly all situations, the sp.-ay
thrown up by tho bow of tho vessel is thickly strewed
during the night with little silvery stars, that dancn
and whirl about among the eddios, until they aro lost
in tho distance. These luminous particles ore generally
so small that thoy are caught with dilliculty, and so
perfectly transparent, that they can scarcely bo distin-
guished from the drops of brine adhering tu the net.
Their own radiance, by which they aro visible in their
native clcmont, is soon lost when brought into tho air,
for it ceases instantly on tho death of tho animal. Tho
few specimens which I have examined were either gela-
tinous niolluscnt or microscopic shrimps; the furrner
being luminous throughout their entire siibstanco, and
the latter, like the glow-worm, emitting an intcrinittent
light from n lantern near the tail.
Such were tho appearances noticed In mnstpaiiiuf
tho Nurth Atlantic Ocean, excepting the Gulf stream.
Tho fretful waves of this region, vexed as it is by |)cr-
pctual squalls, appear to bo wrap|iod in total darkness.
Dut in the tropical regions,' and throughout the vast ex-
panse of the Southern and Indian Oceans, tho grandeur
and sublimity of the night scene were often beyond
description. The vivid hues of "the double headed
shot clouds," which rise like immense mountains from
the water of the western horizon, seemed to fade into
twilight only to give place lo a still more beautiful illu-
mination in (ho bofiom of the waves. The bow of the
vessel scattered fur around a blaze of Ught, which bhonc
y-(. • „ .
,'*'■.
i ':'... ,. ■
,-f'
•►'■J. h
•<
^< ..
> *
.■■li'.-i^
■^
1
j;-.jir. '
, f
Ml^.: '
I
S; * ■*•■,?■. '•'If ■
* ■/■*
?!v:. ;:;
■'■ . 1
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I'^*-
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■t. ':!:
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n
.302
iiioiiMscEXcns or a voyagr to india.
brilliaiUly under the bri<rlitcst moon, and wuh often snlli-
ci^ntly intense to Piiublo us to read npnn llio deck.
I.canina; iivcr llin stern, our track rcsunililed ii vast
troufrliol'tirc, studded Willi iniuinicraliK' llnating lanterns
and stars, sucli as tall Ironi an cxplodinj,' sky-roi-kct. In
the C(l. lies, I ho wliirlinj; of these lindies produced long
slteains of liijht like snrjwnis drawn in Hanic, and oc-
caslonnlly inuncnsn glohes ol" (ire. would roll aloni; bo
neatli the keel, at (ho doplli of several latlionis, yet so
intensely briu'lit that the little rudder fish were d'slinelly
visible sportinfj beneath tlio cabin windows. These
globes are i^enerally as lar)io as u llonr barrel, and ae-
coidin;; to I'eron and IiesvU'ur, they arc soinetinies seen
to reach the enfirnicjus dian;eter of twenty icci, I liad
once the fjraliliealion lo obsoivo one of these nniinals
nilbin a loot of the snitiiee. It was n medusa, lar<;e
cnouffh lo fill a linsliel basket, visible in every fibre by
its own illumination.
At the e limes the crest of every wave resembles a
lon^r line of i;jniled plios|ihorus, and every dip of the
oar, or p'niifjc of the hucUel, produces a tlasb of li),'hl,
and sc:ilters scintillations on every si''e. ICven tlii'
larmier tisli, when they approaeli the vessel, are tidlowed
liy a luminous path like tlie tail of a comet, and tlioy
ure oflcn struck with the harpoon, guided by this ap-
pearance nione.
The sea at limes resembles n field of snow or milk,
and I'crou asseits that it is of'.cn linj^ed with prismatic
colours,varyinof at every moment; but these [ihenoniena
were not witnessed in our voyajjc.
The stran;jcst of all the moilcs in which the pliosphu-
rescenee of the ocean is exhiliit.d, was witnessed near
the island of Trislan D'Acnnha, under circumstances
loo impressive lo be forgotlcn.
The nisbt was dark and damp, and llio breeze too
light to steady the vessel. She rolled heavily over the
waves, maliing it (idlicu'.t Cora bindsman lo walk the
deck. A lii^ bank, which Ininir around the northern
lioriion at sunset, now swept slowly clown towards us.
'J'he captain ordered the li^rlit s:!i|s furled in expectation
of a squall, and we stood leaninsr together over the rail,
walching the mist, which a|)pioacliid more and more
rapiiily, till it resembled, in the increasing darkness, an
iinniense wall extending from the water 'o the clouds,
mill seemed threalcuing to crush ns bene.ith it. .Inst at
tbi< moment, n tlash, like a broad sheet of ligliluing,
spread itself over the siirl'ace of llie ocean as far as the
eve eiiiild rciicli — live or six limes, at intervals of a few
second^, till ilash was re;iealed, and tlien the vessel was
enveloped in the fug. The breeze (|iiiekenfd — the bustle
of prcpariitioii allraclod the attention of every one, and
ill a lew moineiils we were boiimling along at the rale
•jf ten miles an hour, over waves sparkling in Ihe clear
nioon.diine, bnl the " lighlniiii; of the wuters" hail
ceased. 1 have always regretted that I did not ascer-
tain by what animal this most singular phenomenon
was produced, but l!ie wild interest of Ibn scene ban-
isheil every IhoiiL'ht of the kind. In the course of the
inght wo passed throiiirh several beds of the salpa, and
it is very probable 'lat the llashcs were produced by
these little creatures, iiuliieeil, by a wondertiil inslinci,
to act in coneetl liir some inscrutable purpose.
There are few phenomena in nature which have led
to tt greater diversity of opinion among modern men ol
science, than the luminous appearance of the " raniliir-
ring the night. Some have rci;ardeil it as lh> ellbel ol
o|rctricitv,proiliieiMl by the liictinn of the waves ; others
OS the prodncl of ii species of li'rmentalion in the waler,
oecnrring accidentally in ecrlaiii places. Many have
Mltiiliiiled it to I he well known pliosphorcsecnce of pu-
trid fish, or to the di'comp'isilion oi' their slime iiiid
rxiivia, and a li"w only lothe real cause — the voluntary
i!liitninatioii of many distinct spec les of marine animals,
(o'liiially analogous to the Iriliis which were described
in tins former numlx r of these lieminiscences. I'veii
tlinse Hiithors vho li ivo acknowledged the agency of
animal life in prodiicini! Ibis wonilerfnl appearance, have
I n in II inumier eoinpi'lled,by its universality, and by
Ihe almost iniicdiblu iiiullipliealion of lieings wliicli it
infers, to aiiiml the probublo cti-o|>erallun of other
caiisen.
My own observiilion has led lo tlin conclusion, llial
llie pliosphon seiico <if Iheoeean is due solely lo Hie pc
cull ir instinct of iho inolluscie, und wimu (jenorii of the
crii'toccn'.
The elecliiciil liy|>olliesin i» rerlalnly fillneioun, for
were we even to y rant llie possibility of producing an
I'lectiic light III an ngilaled lliiiil, which is.ilsclf an im-
perH'cl condni tor, similar to that ucea^inned by Hie at-
Iritioii ur»liilo fu^ai ur ^Uan ui tliu italK, lliv ucUiiutv-
IcHgded physical law, that like causes produce like
elVecIs, would lead ns lo expect an uiiiliirm ditriislon of
the phosphoresenco over a considerable extent of water
miller the saiiio latitnile and longitude; but this is not
the case. A ship will often be enveloped for a few mo-
ments ill su bright an illumination that a book may be
read upon the deck, and at the next instant she may be
involved in almost total darkness. Again, electricity
is eliminated with- the greatest facility in a cold and
dry atmosphere ; but tlie pbospliorcsence of the ocean
is most considerable In tropical climates, nor is it dimiii-
islied by storms or rain. The supposition of a ferinen-
lalion of the surface is equally unsalisfaetory, liir such
a process would lead to an e(|Ualilc dilViision of ligl.l ovrr
the whole space in which it acted. Ifiit the liiniinoiis
matter is almost always .seen in distinct masses or par-
ticles; and Iho few exceptions to this rule which have
been observed, do not admit of an explanation according
lo the known elVecIs of lerineiilallon. The light elinii-
iialcd by putrid fish furnishes a more plausible theory,
but Ihe very wide extent of iho ilhiiiiinalioii, is, of itself,
siiHicieiit lo prove its imorn'cliiess. It has been already
shown to what an incalculable amount the living inlia-
liitants of the ocean increase, but the reverse is true of
the dead. The air and Iho water swarm with innume-
rable ilepuralors, who devour every thing that dies,
whclher beneath the surface or upon it. 'i'lio albatross,
Ihe sloMiiy petrel, llio Cape pigeon, .some of llio gulls,
iiid other maiiiie fowls, which aro constantly soaring
by thnusaiids over every sea, seize upon all unprotected
iinimals, dead or living, which remain within llieir
roach. 'I'lie llireo liirmer birds will tiillow the slop tor
lavs during calm weather, to share the oll'als thrown
over by the oook ; and so ravenous is their appelile, that
they arc frcipicnily caught with the hook and line baited
with meal, and trolled in the wake of the vessil. I have
frcijiiently seen them balhiiig their li'atbers in the
grease which lloala around the refuse of the caiiiboose,
and skimming it up with llieir s|)ooii-sliapcd bills willi
every deinonslration of pleasure. Tlioso bodies that
sink by their gravity fall a prey lo the fish, and those
that aro loo minuto lo attract the attention of the
larger aniinals, are speedily devoured by Ihe inollusee'.
riins the waters are preserved in a hti^li degree ol' pu-
rity, ami probably tlieie does not roinaiii snllicienl pu-
trescent luattcr in a cubic league of waler lo render
nniinous a cubic yard. In pissing over an extent ol
ocean greiler than the whole circiimliuenee of the
earth, 1 did not see a single dead animal of any kind.
'I'lie purpose lor which Ibis phosiihorescenie is de-
signed, is lost in conjccliire; but when we rci ollci I that
lish are attracted lo the nil by the lights of the fislier-
meii,andlliat many of the marine shells are saidtoleavi
llieir native element tocr.nv I aniuud a lire built upon the
be.iidi, are we not wrirraiitid in supposing that the ani-
mals of which wii have been speaking, are pr.iiideil
with llieir luminous pri.perlies, ill order lo entice their
prey within their grasp r
In ipiilling the subjeet of the niinnle iininial-i of the
ocean, I should not m :;lci;t lo leti'r Hie curious lo lliree
eiigravinRs in Iho vobnne of plates lo llui Voyage aiix
Torres Aiisl rales, by I'eron and l<esneiir, wlieio may be
seen the hippiest ellinls of Ihe pciK il in delineatiiej
some of these iiilercsting beings. The work is con-
lained in the riiilailelpliia library, and will amply repay
the trouble of ii visit. C".
riNr.AM) s()N(;.
AnniiKssiai iiv a Moriiiai lo in it rini.ii.
Ill/ Ih, Jiilin Li iiilcu.
.Sweet bird of the meadow,
Oh, soil be thy rest!
Thy mother will wake llieu
At morn I'roin thv iicsl ;
She has inaile a soli m s|,
Liltle redbreast, tiir thee,
Of Ihe leaves ol'llie birch.
And the moss of the tree.
Till II soollie thee, mwci I bird
Ot'inv bosom, once mori* !
'J'is Sleep, little Inlaiil,
That stands iil the door.
"Where is the sweet bibe,"
You may hear bow he crlcH,
** Will I'c Is the sweet babe
111 his cradle Ihiit lies ;
" In his cradle, hoH swaddleil
III \i slmeiitH of down I
" 'Tis mini to wall b o'er bini
Till il.iikiien.s U- lliiwii."
OF
JOHN i,rAi)i:.v, M. I).
rriiiii ilm Miscclianinus rrnse \Vuit,s of t'ir \Valtcr Seen, Dan.
INI'RODUCJTION'.
Tlio example of bucIi men as the subject of tlip ,; ;
lowing skclch is ju'culiarly adapted for the instriicti.,n„f
the asi'-iring and energetic yoiilli of ii rising rr|iiilj... I
Ills talents were iKstowcd by nature, bill they win- in,.
provial, enlarged, and brought into service, by his nnj ■
assiduity and studious rescan h. The vneiitieii of !«.
deii'.s father wa.s little above that of a day lalKiurrr, ;i.,i I
all his household eslablislinieut corresponiled with i,;, |
external iiieiuis, A friend to whom we had loancil \iy
iiicmoir, says ; — " I well and fondly remeiiibrr Ihe liiw I
wlici. I partook of the kind bosi.ilality of the pal-isri
under the roof of their llialclicd college. Their l»i;,ii i
we.s humble, and llieir tare frugal, but the scrcnilv, lis
clicerfuliicss, the intelligence, that pervadcil llulia|i','
circle, icnilcicd the paternal mansion of Lcyili n a mi:
v.iiieli kings and princes might envy."
Springing from such origin, bursting, by tlio feroi' nf I
almost uiiaiilcd genius, through tliu many olislnl,,
to success, he at all early age took a distinguislud raii'; |
among contemporary literary cliarackrs. He iiiiuli. f,;
himself a name, and what is still more lioiionralilt, Il
\ci\ it tintariiislied. Uis principles, based on an iniiiiii.
table foundation, resisted all the allurenunts of pleuMi,., I
and tlie whispcring.i of sclllslniess. ^lanfiillv licin
sued his course — but his desires .soared beyond llic]iouir I
of accoinplishmeiit, and lie no doubt fell a victim lo In
eager piir.<uila(lerkno« ledge. Islhcre iiot.linwever, :
attained in such a. lift; than in the tiircu score uiiil h
years of the idler, or the dull and lazy jikidiliii;; ol\o j
many of our nice ?
WluTc tabnl and prineipK" are so finely lilrialnl, \ie I
fiave the more I'ontidenci' in recominciidin;.' il as mi n. I
ample lo the young, while we gratity our seiner rcidiM I
with a delightful biogriipliicul sketch of a lliHtill;r||l^||, ,| I
man, and that sketch written by Sir Walter Scott. Tin
I'oeliciil lieinains of licyden were collecleil ami 'dil.,
by the Rev. James .Morton, and are in the I'liil.ulil.iln
Library, as we'l as Ihe " .Mibiy Ann lis," andaii"lli-- I
toriciil Account of Discovi'rics and 'i'ravels in Aliiu,"
' nliirged and completed by Hugh ^Iiirray, i;v|. '["t\
latbr is the! basis of a more ri^cent work, entit'cci, ".\,i:.
ralive of Disi'overy and .\dvenliire in .-MViea, by I'm!-.
«or Jameson, James Wilson, and Hugh .Murray," ri|iuli-
liitlied ill llariier'H Family i<ibrary.
The subject of the present brief niemnrial will lie U; I
di^tinguisbed among those whom the elasticity nmlni.
dour of genius have rnised to distinction from an nl'xiiir i
mil humble origin. John l.eydi ii was ibscciiilal trii
a liiinily of sni ill I'irnier.J, long settled upon the cl*
of < 'avers, ill the vale of Tcviol, Koxbnrghslnre, Sv'.
land. He loved to mention some traditional rliyiiir*, |
which one ol* bis aneestorH had coin|sised, iiiiil to nm-
iniinorate Ihe prowess of iinother, who bail taken am>
with the in-nrgenl ('aincroniniis, about the tiiiic eflbi
ri volution, loil who distinguislii'd himself by liis ;.il'
I. miry at the defence of the cinircli-yaril of lluiiLiI!,
■Jlsl August, IG"'!!, against a BiijMrior lioily of lb;!
landers, m hell ('oloni I Clelaiid, the leader of tlirsr null' |
inlhiisia '-, was slain at their head, John lii Tilin, ''
siding in Ihe village of Deiiholm, iiiiil |>nrish iif Cn nsl
liovbnrehshire, and Isabella Scott, IiIh wili', were llii |»-
rents nf Dr. Iicyilen, anil still surtive lo di plnrc llicim
piirabh^ loss of a sou, the honour alike of his family mul
lounlry. Their irnproacbable life, and siin|ilirily'i
liiamiiTs, reiMinmended till 111 lo the respect iiliil Ion'-
uessof Ibeir neighlioiirs, and lo the proleclinii iil tin I'-
loily of Mr. Houghm ol' ('uTcrH, upon whose elalo lint
ri sided.
,1'ilin Iicydeii, fo emineiil lor lIv genius wliii 11 II' ''i
pi lycil, ami tliu cilciiaivu Uiiowlcdi^e wlilcli he tami'-
fi.i -
IT*
(Illli'l
;,l, ! iliiriiig his brie
iliiiilier, I77j
11.' Iiiiinhio liu
his strength.
AIniiiI a year nfl
...jnjilicT, .Air. Mor
I i,csliicl,n lonely entt
nlliclaniiof N'dtlio
AiiJroiv lllilhc, his r
Liiiivn years, diirin
1 |Wa.« >!icplierd, am
I l,;i.iiii'ss of the tariii,
llirliiiii' to lose bis
I trrf simple cnnslruc
I ,]»ii r.car llie foot o
I lif.,tli wliicli strclelif
Ijslicliill. The sinij
I Willi tli.it nf it-f out w-
I ii.ms clii'crfnl eonlen
Ikiioalli ilK lowl.V rni
llijvciiiisL'incd in the
I iiapiiiiicss of rural lifi
I - Uviliii was tan
j«hci,al\cr lier husli.i
||,'r mn. I'lidcr the
|li„!ijt;i in'^triictresK li
llijilii ilcfirii of know
|rfiMrknMe a fealiirc
Ishf.iv ilsilf. The hisl
lfaii;lil lii< allention
Imiilo liiiiiself lamiliar
|t/irili'il ill tlie Old and
'I'liiis licyilen wa.s I
|«|i'iirliiiiily of attendi
lioihs llie death nf hi
l»'liii.il',a:uler at Kirk
IhiiiiiMc sliidii's nf the
Itifcl, were niljoiirned
a Mr. \V. Scroll
Isnri'l tiro ha'l already
jmiiiri: had wljusled fo
lullnlilc loniring for
lu.iirli clMriictcrised Jf
li'ini'ver lived, was nt
Jr.r niHe Iraililiomry
liii.'di-liirlof Tevin'td
'.'i'rr.l ilself lo this nW
I ri'-iP songs and legeni
I I'l' <.i iilcntit'ied his
|i«i-, .Till! il iriiig ehara
liiiossscviiiions tIniN fo
liiiyiiiilli, LMve im eccei
liniii niiiiil, and many,
Iniiniier and linhits of
liaiiLitinir llie luaiii.ers
lAnr nf fernier times
ailiniratiou of i
liriii 'Tncnl, his ronti
liiiiiii'wiial exelusivo pn
|iti'<<>ii'il dislike to the m
IS'illaiiil," an earnest c;
llii|;li liternry acipiirenii
lnunly esereiscs, and I
lli'iil iiiKlniiiiled bearing
ll>ml to biMi character
l*r. la his early day*
liniliifiice of those buih-i
liitr |«rif>il he u'cd soi
jimi».niciil of his iViei
Ilit". It wai indeed sc
l«?m llii« topic, lo her
1*1 with great leariii
IcTmniviln^'y, mid some
|«rin}i' lak's with wbie
lei'Ttollie ghostly ixp.
Iliilhnw ninst intimate
lu'f'fiuh topics, ill n n
ll'MHrniiiie whether
Iinisl urnliiilily his faiiey
li'I'iilly rilaiiiid noiiie
IffiiiM lie liad hiniselfi
Tim wonilland'i" »oml
Till' liniiiiled inoiintni
Till' aiiti<|ui' lonilmloi
'*i'''iii'(l lo iiiille 1110 »
"I* wlii'ii tl anlern
I li'iiril the vlewlcHK
Hi inl III ihc breeze I
"' wy "kirlii unseen
iU.
uiotJKArHic.vr. mi.moir of joii\ LiiYnKrv.
30;}
r m i V
I).
Walter Scon, |;i,
iil)jf<>t of llie i;
llic iiislrmtii.n.
I risinj; n |iiil i
lilt till')- \vi If i;,,. I
rvicc, by liis ima
vdcdlimi (if l,,v.
ilay hilKiurrr, ii.j
-IKiiuli'il Willi !,;>
\) liiiil liiiiniil i!.,'
•nii'iuliir till' iiiii,
y of llii' iwl-ian!,
gi'. Tlu'ir bom I
tlu' siTcliily, li;r
rviulnl till lu|.' .■ I
)f I.cydi 11 11 >u
."•, by llu' furri' .f
J iiiiiiiy (ili^tjiln
listin;;iiisliiil rail';
rs. llu iiiiidi. Ill I
ru lionoiiralilt',
l^^t <1 OH iin iniiii'.;. I
llUUlS lit' pU'Usli.v, I
M.iiiriilly lie |iir
I lii'yi'iul tlii'iMuiir
11 11 vicliiii to i,i9
iiutJio\vi'\rr,iiii'r
•CO Bcore and li i
iiy plodcliii^' or>o
Ciiicly birllilril, «e
iiliii;.' il as nil II
iiiior riailiH I
a ilisliiM;iii>li'.| I
iiltcr Scott. '11.
L'l'li'il ami <i!il<.i I
llio l'liilailil;iliii|
s," ami ail "lli>-
avi'la in Al'iiii,"
irray, l'!si|. 'I'lh
nitit'iil, ".\jr.
UViiM, by I'ri.i;-^
.Miiiray," riinili- 1
nrial will lif Ilii;
lasliLity nmlti.
I'roni an olMiri I
s (IrKCl'lnll'll lli'lil
upon till' I'^ti*''
iriilisliiri', Sv-
ilitiiiiiat tliyiiu'N I
I'll, anil to ri'iii'
liail taken ami-
III!' tiiiic oflhi
mII' bv lii» pi-
nt of' Diiiill',
Iwily of lb:!,
r of llii'si' nifli' I
olin Iii'vili'ii, I'-
Hirinh of ('«''•.
vili', wi-ri' till |».
) ill pbiri' till' ill!
if bin liililily :li '
ml hiiiiplii'ilv':
■•iprcl ami l^i^ '■
trition ol tlii'C
liiisi' e»lalo tlirr I
ri'
(BilJ 111'
lll« H'llil'll II' •''
lliirli hi' aoi'iri'
' Il I iliiriiii; bin brief t-arrur, was born lit DiMilioliii, on
1! I Sc ill iiili'T. 1*7 J, uiiil bruci uj), liko oilier cliildrcii in
,|!, <,,,iii' linmblo lino of lifi', to such country luboiir n»
lri'iij;tli.
VlHiiit a yi'ar nftc'r his birth," Bays his relative and
|,iwn|iliir, .Vlr. .Morton, " his parents removed to llrn-
i,<iiiH,n lonrly cottiiire, about thr('0 miles from Dcnholin,
(11 ilio I'arin of S'otlicr ToUr, which was then held by .Mr.
ViJnnv Hlillie, bis mother's uncle. Mere they lived for
iiiiivn years, during wbieli his father was employed,
lift as vK'pberd, and alVerwards in managiiip the whole
Id iii«.sof Ibo lariii, bis relation having had thu niis-
,;,,,,ii„. In lose bis piirht. 'I'hn cottage, wliieli was ot
nroiniple eoiistrnetion, was situated in a wild pastoral
iiii I'.iar tlif foot of Unberslaw, on tlio verge of the
li'jli u'liieli slreleheH down from the sides of that ma.
jisiic liilL 'I'be simplicity of the interior corre.i.iK)ndc(l
iillitliil of its outward appearance, lint the kind alVec-
liins ciiierfnl enntent, intelligence, and piety, that dwell
hiioalli its lowly rniit", made it such a scene as poets
tre imaffined in their descriptions of the innocence and
iiipiiiiiL'ss of rural life.
- Ij'viIiii was taught to read hy his grandmother,
«lio, alVr her husband's death, resided in the family of
|„r (1111. I'lider the care of tliis venerable and all'ec-
iMUjlo iii^lnielress his progress vvns rapid. 'I'liat insa-
liJilii ili!<iii) of linow ledge, which nflerwards formed so
ii'iiurkalile a lealure in his charaeler, soon began to
shuv ilsilf. The historical passages of the liiblo first
fmjlit lii< attention j and it was not long before he
liiiJi' liiinsilf I'ainilinrly acquainted with every event re
Ciinli'il in llio Old and New 're.stament."
fhiis l.eyden was ten years of age before lio Iiad an
(ipirtnnilv of attending a public place of education
mil as tliiMbatli of his first teacher, William Wilson
sliinliai-ter at KiiUtown, soon after took place, the
liiiml.lc studies of the fiilnro pm-t, antiipiary, luid iirien
l,ili>l, were ailjoiiriied till the snbsefpienl year, (ITftC,)
«i»;a a .Mr. W. S:'ott taught the samo school. Hut the
■ iiri'ltiro lial already eaiiglil to the ready fuel which
niiiiri! had ailjusted for its supply. Tli£' ardent and uii-
ullralilo loiiiring for inrorinntion of every description,
u.iirli r'l iraeleriscd John Iicyden as nnnh as any iiiaii
vliirvir lived, was now ronsed and upon tho watch
r,« miie traililioniry tales and bnlladu of llio once war.
iiifilistiii'l of Tevintdnle were tlin readiest food which
..•Frril itself to Ibis nwiikeniiig ap|M'tite tor knowledge
Tlocsongi and legends becaniB rooted in his memory
iii'l III- s.i iiliMitilled his feelings with the wild, advontnr-
HI-, .1111! il iriiig ehar.icters w liieb they celebrate, that
i«i',-.»sfiiiitiiinH thus formed in iliildhood, and eherished
iiiviiiitli, gave iu\ eccentrir and roniautic tincture to his
iwniiiiiul, and many, if not all the peculiarities of his
iiumipr and habits of thinking may lie traced to his
imiliting the innni.erR mid assuming the tone of a bor-
ilifir of former tiinis. To this may Ui userilM'd his
fifr ailmiralioii of adventurous deeds and military
Kill iTiienl, his contempt of luxury, his zealous and
w:ir«hal exclusive preference of his native district, an
illiili'il dislike to the ^niiMron, as the " aubl enemies of
S. llinil," an earnest desire to join to the reputation of
liijii lili rary aeqniremenls Ihn praise of an udept at all
nnnly I'xireises, and the disregard of ceremony, and
Wil iiinlniinted bearing in society, which might be siiji-
i>«iil 111 hi\» eharaeterised lui ancient naliie of the bor-
*r. Ill his early days, also, he probably renllv (ell tin
iniliK'iici' of tlinse sniM-rslitious iiiipressiniis, which at «
hkr |« riod 111- ired soinetiiilcs to assume, to the great
wmiMiii'iit of bis friends, and astonishment of strnn-
LiTi, It wai indeed Moinewlial singular, when he got
ii;>iii tins topic, to bear liivden maintain |Hiwerl"nlly,
II"! wilh great learning, llin exploded doctrines of
oimniinlni;y, and soiiietinies eviiu alViel to eoiilirm the
flniU'r tales with which his ineiiiory aboimdeil, by relir-
'!« liiihe ghostly experiences of his eliildhimd. Mveii
liuliwinnst iiitiiniilo with liiin, he would someliinen
a';"saili Inplis, in a manner whieh made il iin|Hissible
I'liHriniiii' whither he was serious or joeiilar; and
m"-! ivrnliibly bis fancy, though not his sober jndgminl,
•'t'lilly ri'taiiii il mniie impressions Uirrowed from the
"Wmi he has liiinself deserilied.
Tim woodland's sombre slinde (hat iicasnnls ftmr,
Tlii'liiinnted inoiinlnin streams Ihiit innrmur'd near.
Till' mitiiiue tombstone, and the ebureli-yard green,
Js'fia'il 111 miile nie with the world unseen 1
i'i\ whin till' eastern moon rosii darkly red,
I Hiiiril Ihi' viewless paces of the dead,
lliinl in Ihc liree/e the wnndeting spirits si)(b,
"uity »kirl8 UMsctn, Ihut rustled by.
Si-tnt* of InUmiy.
Hut the roiiianlio legend and heroic ballad did not sa-
tiate, llioinjli they fed, his youthful appetite for know-
k dire. The obscure shepherd boy never heard of iiiy
Sonne of int'onnalion within bis reach, without straining
every nerve to obtain access to it. A enmpanioii, toi
ex.-.iiiplr, bad met with an odd volume of the Arabian
NiL'bls' I'nierlainments, and gave an account of its c.oii-
leiils, wliich excited the curin.sity of young I^'yilen.
This precious book was in popsession of a blacksmith's
apprentice, who lived nl si^veral miles distance freiii
Dcnholin, and the season was winter. Ijcyilcii, bowi ver,
waded tbrongh the snow, to present himself by daybreak
at the forge door, and reipiest a perussl of Ibis interest-
ing book in presence of the owner, fiiran niiliinilcd loan
was scarcely to be ho|H(l for. He was diFappointed, was
obliged to follow the blacksmith to a slill greater di.s-
tanec, where he was employed on some temporary job,
and when he found him, the son of Vulcan, with caprice
worthy of a modern collector, was not disposed to iin-
part bis treasure, anil put him otf with some apology.
Fieyden rcinai^ied stationary beside him the whole day,
till the lad, softened, or wearied out by his pertinacity,
netnally made him a present of the volume, and he re-
turned home by sunset, exhausted by hunger and tiiligue,
lint in triumphant iiossession of a treasure, for whieh he
would have subjected himself to yet greater privations.
This childish history took place when he was about
eleven years old; nor is there any great violence in con-
jecturing that these fascinating tales, obtained with so
much dilficulty, may have given his youtblnl mind that
decided turn towards oriental learning whieh was dis-
played llirongh his whole lite, and illustrated by his re-
gretted find t(M) early decease. At least, the nnecdoti:
atlords an early and striking illuslralion of the ardour of
his literary curiosity, and the perseverance which mark
cd his pursuit of the means for gratifying it.
Other sonrees of information now began to otrerlhi'm-
selves, scanty indeed, compared to those which an
eessible to thousands of a more limited capacity, lint to
Leyden as invalnable as an iron spike, or a Hirniiiigliam
knife, would li.ave Ikcu to .Mexander Selkirk, during his
solitary residence on .liian l'"eriiandez. From the new
teacher at Kirktown, FiCyden neipiircd some smattering
of the Latin lanijnage; but ere he could make any pro-
gress, the school lu'camc again vacant in the year 17HG.
Next year it was again o|M'ned by a third sehoolmaslcr,
uaiiieil Andrew Scott, umier whom I.cydcn giiiin'd some
knowledge of arithmetic. Thus transfern'd from one
teacher to another, snatching information at such limes,
iinil in such portions, as these prcciirioiis eircninstanees
atVorded, he eontiniied iiol only to retain the oleinental
kuowh'dge whieh he had iicipiind, but to struggle on-
ward vigorously in the paths of b'arning. It seems pro.
liable that the disadvantage suitained from want of the
usual nssistanccs to early learning, may, in so energetic
a iniiid as (hat of Leydeii, be in ninny respects balaneed
by the habit of severe study, and painful investigation,
which it was necessary to substitute for those adventi-
tious aids. The mind becomes doubly Ihmiliar with that
information which it has attained through its own la-
Imrioiis and determineil perseverance, and neipiires a
readiness in eneonnlcring and overcoming dillicnlties of
a similar nature, from the conseioiisniss of those w liiili
it has already snceessfnlly surmounted. Aeeorilinirly,
I.cyden used often to iinpiile the < xlraordinary faeiliiv
which he possessed in the nci)uisilou of languages to the
iii.issisteil exercises of his juvenile years.
About this iHriod his predominant desire for learning
had detcrniined his parents to breed yining r.eydeii ii|
for tlieChnrch of Seiitland, Iriisliiig for his sneeess to
llliise earlv talents whieh already displayed Iheliiselies
so strongly. Mr. Dimeaii, a ('nmeroniau minister at
Denhiiliii, lieeame now his instriieler in the Latin la
gunge. It does not ap|ieiir that be bad any Oreck tutor ;
nevertbi less be prolmiiiy had aeipiired some knowledge
of the elenienls of lliat language before he alli iidcd lb"
I'oUeueof Kilinbnrgli in ITHtl, liir the piir|Hise of eoin-
inineiiig his professiomil studies. 'I'lie late worthy anil
learned rrol''"sor .Niiilvew Dnl/.i 11 nsi d to disirilH', with
Koine liiiiiionr, llie astoiiishmint and nmiiscini nl exeiti il
in bis class when .lolin I.eyden first stisul up to recite
Iiis4ireek exercises. The rustic, yet niidaiintid manner,
the humble dress, the high harsh tone of his voice, joined
to the broiiil priivineial accent of Teviotdale, discomposed,
on this tirst oeeasion, the gravity of the prolessor, ami
totally ronled that of the sliidents. lint it was soon |H'r'
eeivi'il that these uncouth altribntis were joined to
nnalities which eiiniinandeil res|H'et and admiration.
'I'lie riipiit progress of the young rui.tic nllrnctcd tin
approbation niid eoiinti nance of the proti isiir, who w.i'
ever prompt to dtslininiiih and eiiciNiratfa merit 1 niul to
those iiinoeg tho stiidints \v'liii did not admit literarv
prolicieiiey as n shelter tiir the ridicnle <lne since the
days of .Tnvenal to the .scholar's torn cf at and mit'ashion-
ablc dciiKaiioiir, I.iyden was in no ies|'ect averse friin
showing strong reasons, adapted to tin ir eempri hi nsion,
and aUceliiig tlii ir personal tal'ety, lor keiping their
mirth w itliin decent bounds.
Tlie (Jreck language was long his favourite study,
and, considering bis op|iorlniiitie.«, he iM'came inueli
more intiiiialely acipiainted with its best antlie.rs than is
usual in Scotland, even among tliosc who make some |ire-
tcnsions to lilcratiirc. The I.aliii he nmlerslood Iho-
ronghly; and it is, perhaps, the best priaifof his classical
attainniciils, that, at a later period, to use his own ex-
pression, " he passed muster pretty well wlnii inlro.
dneed to Dr. I'arr."
Lcyih'n was now at the fountain head of knowledge,
ai'd availed himself of fiiriiu r privations, by ipiatling il in
\a\-c draughts, lie not only alti inled all the b etnii s
usually conneclcd with the study of theology, but se\e-
ral others, particularly some of the imilieal classi s, — a
circumstance which afterwards pnivd important to his
outset in life, altliongh at the time it could only be as-
criU'd to his restless and impatient pursuit after scieneo
of every description, .■\dmission to these lecturts was
easy, from the liberality of the profcs.sors, who throw
their classes gratuitously open to young men ediicati d
for the church, a privilege of which I.cyden availed him-
self to the utmost extent. There were, indeid, few
branches of study in which ho did not make some pro-
gress. Hcsides the learned languages, he aci|iiired
l-'reneh, Spanish, Italian, and (•erimiii, was Ituniliar
with the ancient Uclamlic, and studied Hebrew, Arabic,
and I'crsiau.
Hut though he soon became particularly distinguished
by his talents as a linguist, few deparlnienls of scii iico
aitogclher escaped his notice. He investigated moral
phibisopby with the nrdonr coioinon to all youths of
tahnt w ho studied ethics, under the anspiies of rrolissor
Dilgold Stewart, with whose personal iiotiic he was liii.
iionred. He beeaine a respei table iiiathematician, and
was at least siipcrticinlly aeipiainteil with natural philo-
sophy, natural history, ehemi.stry, botany, and mine-
ralogy. These various sciences he ai'ipiind in ditVerent
degrees, and at ditVerent times, during his residence at
c<illege. They were the frnit of no very regular plan of
study ; whatever subject interested his iniiid at the timo
attraclcil his principal attention till time and industry
bad overcome the dillicnlties which it presented, and
was then cxebanged for another pursuit. It si 1 nied Ire.
ipiently to be Leyden's object to learn just so nun h of a
parlieiilar science as slioidd enable him to resume it at
any t'utiire pi'riod ; and to tliosc who objected to the
iiiiscellaneons, or oecasionally the sup> rfn i.il nature of
his studies, he used to answer with his favourite inler-
jiction, "Dash it, man, 111 ver mind: if you have tho
scatVoliling ready, yon can run up the masonry when you
phase." lint this mode of study, however snceessftil
with .Tolin I.cyden, cannot be satily rccomim nded to 11
student of h'ss retentive memory and robust application.
Willi bini, however, at least while he remained in Hri-
lain, il seenied a matter of little conseipiinec for what
length of time he resigned any partieidar branch of
study; liir when i illier some motive, or mere lapricc,
iiidneed him to resume il, he could, uili lillle dilVnulty,
reunite all the broken nssocialions, a' d In gin where ho
lelV olV nioiillis or years bet'ore, w illiont having lost an
inch of ground during the interval.
The vaeiitions which oiir sliidi iit spent nl homo wrro
rmployed in arr.-'iiging, iin tboilisiiiL', and enlarging, tho
inforination wliieli he aiipiiri d during his winter's at.
lendaiiee at college. His liilhir's collage alVording liiiii
litth' opimrlunily tor i|uicl and seclusion, he was obliged
to look 1111I for ai'i'i'iiimodations abroad, and Hfiiiic ol* liis
phiees of retreal were siiftieienlly extraordinary. In n
wild recess, in the den or gliii which giM " inline to tho
village of Dcnholin, be eonlrived a sort of t'nrnace for the
piir|Kise of such chemical experimi nis n> he was adi-
ipnite to pcrliirm. lint his < hief place of relircini nl
was llic small parish ilinreh, a glooniy and aneii nt
building, generally bi lievrd in the neiglilMinrbood to bn
Imnnled, 'I'o Ibis ebon 11 place of study, usually loekeil
during wci k-dnys, Iicyden made enliaiiee by means of it
wiinlow, riad there liir many hours in the day, ami ilo.
posited hi) liooks and Hpecimi ns in a ri liriil pew. Il was
a wellchoseii s|sit of seclusion, for the kirk (excepling
during divine service) is rather a place of terror to llio
Scottish riislic, and that of ( ivers was rcniUred iiiorr
so by many a tale of ghiislK and wilebcraft, of wliiih it
was the 1 iipiiiixd seene; and In which lieydcn, |uirlly (it
iiiihilKc his iiuiiioiir, uiid puilly to secuit' lii» rctircimiit.
««^iiJi'K''<;
i. ■■• I ' '
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yi
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304
IIIUGRAPIIICAL niEMOIR OF JUIIN LEYUEN.
I
■■4s »•■*-■ c
y.*i,i- -^ ■■:■ ■!•
I
r '■•V ' ;'■ ■ •
•^y.
cuiitrived tu iiiukc suiiiv iiioilurn udditioim. Tim iiiitiire
of Ills abstruse stiidius, kuiiic 8|icciiiiciis of nnUiriil his-
tory, as toads niid adders, Icll exposed in their spirit-
vials, and one or two praetieal jests played oil' upon the
more curious of the [M'asantr}', rendered liis }rlooiiiy
haunt not only venerated liy the wise, but feared by the
siiiiplc of the parish, wlio lM.'<raii to aecount tliis abstract-
ed student like the jjiiled (lersoii dcscrilxid by Words-
wurtii, as (lossessiiif; —
waking empire wide as dreams,
An ample sovereijrnty of eye and car;
IJicli are his walks with supernatural clicer:
The rejrinn of his inner sjiirit teems
With vital sounds, and monitory fjlcains
Ofliiijh astonishment and [ikasing fear.
This was a dislinctioii which, as we have already
hinted, lie was indeed nut unwilliiiir to afVuet, luid to
whleli, BO far as the visions existinjj in the hijfh fancy of
the pcH't can sui>i>ly those aseril)ed to tlio actual ghost-
seer, he had inilied no slijrht pretensions,
Dooks lus well as retirement were necessary to the
progress of Iicyden's studies, and not always attainable
But his resi'areh collected from every ipiartcr such as
were accessible by loan, and he subjected himself to tlic
utmost privations to purchase those that were not otlicr-
wiso to 1)0 procured. Tlie reputation also of his pros
]ierous career of learning obtuhicd him occasional ac
cess to (he library at Cavers; an excellent old collection,
in which he met, for the first time, many of those works
of the middle aires whicli ho studied with so much ic
search and sneeess. A Froissart, in particular, trans
lated by Lord Heriicrs, captivated his attention with all
tliose tales " to savajre virtue dear," which coincided
with his taste for chivalry, and with the models on
which it had Ir'cii formed : and tales of the Ulack
Prince, of tlic valiant Chandos, and of (JeollVey Tete-
Noire, notv rivalled the legends of Johnnio Armstrong,
Walter the Uevil, and llie Ulaek Douglas.
Ill the country, Lcyden's society was naturally consi-
derably restricted, but while at collcfje it iK'fjan to ex-
tend itself anionir sueli of his fellow students as were
distin^'uishcd for proficiency in learninfr. Ainonjr these
we may nuniU'r the celebrated author of the Pleasures
of Iloi>e ; the Kev. Alexander .Murray, united with Ley-
deii in the kindred pursuit of oriental learnintr, and whose
lamp, like that of his friend, was extiii)ruished at the iiio-
iiieiit when it was placed ill the most eonspicuoua eleva-
vation;* William lOrskine, with whom Iicyilen renewed
his friendship in India ; the late in^reiiioUH Dr. Thomas
Hrown, distiiifruishcd tor his early proficiency in the
science of moral philosophy, of whicli he was prolc'ssor
in the Eilinburifli College ; the Kev. Kolierl Luiidic,
Minister of Kelso, and several other youiij; men of
talents, who at that time pursued their studies in the
University of Kdinbur(;h.
Leyden was also fortmiale enou|rhto attract the notice
and |>atrona(re of Hr. Holnrt .\nderson, of Kdinhurfrh,
the first iiian of letters who presented the public with a
complete edition of lOnjjlish [xHtry, from the time of
("liaucer downwards. 'J'lie notice and ciicoura(rement
ot a (."'"'l'''"""! whose iHlicvohiice of disposition placed
all his literary ex|Ktrieiice at the command of the yoiinir
student, was of the utmcwt coiiseipiince to the direetioii
of his sluilies, aii<l was always warmly lemenibered and
kindly aeknowlcd(;iil by John Li yden, w ho, under the
doctor's patroiiinie, had also an opportunity of Iryinjr his
yoiiiiL.' win;.'s liy a tlii;lit or two in the |K)elical deparl-
iiient of the l')(linlMiri.'ii AIai;a/.ine.
In the year ITlMi, aller five or six years spint at the
Cidleire of IMinburi;li, the recomiueiidation of I'roti ssor
l>al/.ell priMiired l.eydeii the sitHiilion of private tutor
to the sons of Mr. Camplii II of I'airllild, a siliuition
whicli he ri'taineil for two or three years. Duriiiir the win-
ter ol'l 7!lf, he attended the two yoiMiir irentkinen to tleir
studies at the ('ollii,'e of .'^1. Anilri'w's. Hire he hud
the ailviMitairi' of the aeipi liiitiiiiee of I'rolissor Hunter,
an admirable < lassjeul seholar, ami to whose kind instriK^-
lions he prot'essid mueli olili|ration. The seehided situa-
tion also of St. Andrew's, the monnstie lili^ of the stu-
dents, the fragments i.fnntii|nity with wliieh that onee
inetro|>olitan town is suiruiinded, and the libraries of its
eollefes, ijnn' him addilional op|Mirlunily and ini|iulR(^ to
pursue his favourite plans of study.
* 'I'liis ttiniabli' man, and ureal orientalist, ilieil within
n few inotilhs aller he had Isen appointed to the eliair ot
the llehrc w professorship ill ihi- 1 'niversily of Kdinburuh,
in eoiiseipieiiei' of sueli n list of splendiil atlestnlioiiH o(
his (jimlifir.ilioiiH, lu) lias rately honoured Ihu tiioitt distlii
);uislie(l scliukrs.
About the timo he resided at St. Andrew's, the renown
of Mungo Park, and Lcyden's enthusiastic attachnitiit
to all researches connected with oriental learning,
turned his thoughts towards the history of Africa, in
which he found much to encluuit an imagination that
loved to dwell upon the grand, the marvellous, the roman-
tic, and even the horrible, and which was rather fired
than appalled by the picture of personal danger "and
severe privation. Al'riea, indeed, had |)eculiar charms for
Lcydcii. He delighted to read of hosts, whose arrows
intercepted the sun-beams ; of kings and leaders, who
judged of the numberless number of their soldiers by
marching theiii over tlie trunk of a cedar, and only
deemed their strength sullicient to take the field when
such myriads had passed as to reiluce the solid timber to
impalpable dust; the royal halls also of Dahoiny, built of
skulls and cross-bones, and nioistened with the daily
blood of new victims of tyninny ; — all, in short, that pre-
sented strange, wild, and romantic views of what have
been quaintly entitled " the ultimities and summities of
human nature," and which furnished new and unheard of
facts in the history of man, had great tiiscination for his
ardent imagination. And alsiut this time he used to
come into company, (|uite full of these extraordinary
stories garnished faithfully with the unpronounceable
names of the despots and tribes of Africa, which any
one at a distance would have taken for the exorcism of a
conjuror. The fruit of his researches he gave to the
public in a small volume, entitled "A Historical and
Philosophical .Sketch of the Discoveries and Settlements
of the Europeans in Northern and Western Africa, at the
close of the 18th century," crown Hvo. 17lli). It is writ-
ten on the plan of Uaynal's celebrati^d work, and as it con-
tains a clear and lively abridgment of the information
afforded by travellc rs whose works are of rare occurrence,
it was favourably received by the public. Among Ley-
den's native hills, however, there arose a groundless re-
[lort that this work was compiled for the purpose of
ipicstioning whether the evidence of Mungo Park went
the length of establishing the western course of the
Niger. This unt'oiinded ruiuour gave oll'enec to some of
Mr. Park's t'riends, nicely jealous of the fame of their
countryinan, of whom they had such just reason to Is
proud. And thus, what would have been whimsical
enough, the dispute regarding the course of the Niger
in Africa, had nearly occasioned a feud upon the .Scottish
border. For John Leyden hap|H'ning to lie at Hawick
while the upper troop of Koxburghshire yeomanry were
rpiartcrcd there, was told, with many exaggirations, of
menaces thrown out against him, and advised to leave
the town. Leyden was then in the act of ipiitting the
place ; hut, instead of expediting his retreat, in eonse-
luence of this friendly hint, he instantly marehed to the
inarket-plaee, at the time when the corps paraded there,
humming surlily, like one of (.JsBian's heroes, the frog-
meut of a border song,
I've dune nac ill, I'll brook nan wrang,
Hut back to Wamphray 1 will gang.
Ills apjicarance and demeanour were construed into
seeking a cpiarrel, with which his critics, mmc mnjitrum,
wouhl readily have indulged him, had not I'riendly inter-
position ap|M ased the causeless reseiitruent of both p.ir-
lies. 'I'he lliflDii/ of Aj'iicaii J)i>iiin lim, Leyiliii pro-
|His< il to extend to liair volumes l:^vo. and had made great
preparations for the work ; he was in constant eomiumii-
catioii on th(^ subject with .Messrs. Longman anill'o.,
by whom it was to have Ix'en pnlilisheil, and some
sheets were ai'tu:illy printed, when the design was inter-
rupted by his Indian voyatie.
On 1,1 yilen's return to Kdiiiburgli from St. Anilrow's,
resided with his pupils in thi; tiimily <if .Mr. ( 'amplH'll,
where he was treutiil with that ri s|m el and kindness
whii'li every can lid father will pay to him whose lessons
he expects his cljildren to i^eeeive with attention and ad-
vantage. His hiiiirs, e.vcipting those of tuition, wi re at
his own uneipiitrolli'd ilisposal, anil sueh of his iViiiids as
chose to Msit him at .Mr. Campbell's, were secure of v
hospitable rieeption. This i lass begun now to exti ml
itself among iKTsons of an oblir standing than his eon.
temporaries, and embraeed mveral who had bein pluei d
liy liirtuiie, or had risi n by exertions, to that lixud sla.
lion in society, to which his college iiitlinutes were as
vi't only looking forward, ilis aci|uaintiinee with .Mr.
tiiehard Heber was the chief means of conneeting him
with si'vernl llimilies of the liiriner description, und il
originuti d in the following circiimstunees.
Jcdiii Leydeii's feelings were naturally poetical, und
he was early leil In express Ihi in in the language' of
pistry. Ilehire he visit, d Si. Andnw's, niid whili^ resid
liig tjieie, lie jiud cuiii|iuHed Iwlli I'tugliieiilu iiiiil coliipleti
pieces of (Kietiy in almost every style and stanza wliiti
our language affords, from an unfinished tragedy on i||.
iiite of the Daricii setllenieut, to songs, ballads, iiiijfuini
tales. Many of these essays afterwards found tin.!, „. .
to the press through the medium of the EduiliHrnh .ij,'
frasitic, as already nicntioiicd. In this periodical iiiiscii
laiiy appeared, from time to lime, poetical translalicii,
from the Greek Anthology, from the Norse, fmin i|,,,
Hebrew, from the Arabic, Ironi the Syriae, from llie \\j,
siim, and so forth, with many original pieces, iuilitaiin,,
more genius than taste, and iin extent of learning of inoj
unusual dimensions. These were subscribed J. L.; ^i
the author of this article well rcnieinbi'rs how ull™ Ii,,
attention was attracted by them about the years Kri
and 171)1, and the speculations which he forniid risrinJ.
ing an author, who, by many indicia, apjicared to bcloiip
to a part of Scotland nitli which he him.self wmk vnlljr
(piainted. About this time also Mr. ArchiliuldConstaliir
whose enterprising and liberal conduct of liiisini'i.s|ias
since made his name so conspicuous as a publislur, \\x<
opening business chiclly as a retailer of curious and an'
eient books, a department in which he possessiil (s^n,
sive knowledge; Mr. Kiehard Hcbcr, the cxlint i,f
whose invaluable library is generally known, wa.s, Intlis
winter of 17!iU-18U(), residing in Kdinburgh, uiiil a Ire'
quenter of course of Mr. Constable's shop, wlarili.
made many valuable acquisitions, at a rate very iliHirmt
from the exactions of the present day. In tlasi a.
searches ho formed an acquaintance with l.iydc'ii.uli,,
examined, as an aiiiuleur, the shelves which Mr. lldN,
ransacked as a ])urehaser, and the latter discovered niil,
jdeasure the unknown author of the poems which I have
already alluded to. The acquaintance soon ri|H'ncd iii!r,
friendship, and was cemented by inulual advaiitajfc, M^
Heb<;r had found an associate as ardent as hlrnsilt
in till! pursuit of classical knowledge, and who «mk
sit up night after night to collate editions, and tu iiute
various readings; and Leyden, liesidcsthc odvoiita(;oaiiij
inslrnetion whicli he derived from Mr. IIcIkt's sociitv
enjoyed that of being introduced, by his powcrfal rctmn.
niendation, to tlio literary gentlemen of Ediiibiirgli, win
whom he lived in intimacy. Among these iimv Ijt
reckoned the late Lord Woodhousclce, Mr. Ifcnrv
Mackenzie, the distinguished author of Tlie MannfFtH-l
ine, and the Rev. ftlr. Sidney Smith, then rcsidiiii! in
Kilinhiirgh, from all of whom Iieydeii recei.ed tlattiriiiir I
attention, und many ini|iortaiit testimonies of the inttrel
which they took in Ilis success. Hy the same iiitroduc.
tioii he became intimate in the family of Mr. Waller
Scott, where a congenial taste for JHilhid, roiiiniicc, and
border antiipiities, us well as a sincere adiniratiiiniif Uv.
den's high talents, extensivu knowledge, and cxcdlcnl
heart, secured him n welcome reception. And by dijrrm
his society extended itself still more widely, andriiiii|iri.
hended almost every one wlio was disliiiguisliid I'm
taste or talents in Kdinburgh.
The niaimers of Leyden, wlicn ho first enlerid ilc
higher ranks of society, were very peculiar; nor iiiW
were they at any time iiitieh modified during Im m-
tinuing in Europe; and here, jierhaps, as pre|irilr ai
elsewhere, we may endeavour to give some idiii ui liu
[Hrsonal ap|narance anil dc|Mirtinent in conipaiiy.
In his eoinplexion the clear red u|hiii the ilinli inili'
cated a hectic pro|H'nsity, but with his brown liair, li\ilv
lark eyes, und »ell-pro|H)rlioiied features, gave iiMnculi;
nnd interesting turn of expression to his uliolr nmntc
luinee. He was of middle stature, of a frame ralhir llm
than sir.aig built, but miisiMilar and active, and wilHillril;
for all thosi' athletic e.\eitioiis, in which he diliulilnl In
lie accounted a muster. I'or he was no less iiii.vioii.. In
be e.sleenieil a iiiuii eminent for Icuruing and lildii)!
tnleiit, than to Is; held a fearless pliiyer at siiigli.nliik,!
lormidable boxer, und u distinguishid adept ul lrii|ii»rJ
ninning, wiilking, elimbing, und nil exercises wliiili
peiiil on uniinal spirits und museulur exertion. IViilnol
this nature he used to detail with sueh livi liiiM u|
sometlmi s led hisaudienee to charge him with (Xiiciirii'
lion ; but, iinllki: the ulhlelie in .I'lsnp's a|HilogiM', In' «»[
alw ay -> ready to attempt the repetition of his gnnllripj
lit Hhodes, were it nt the |Mril of breaking his miku
till' spot. And certainly in many eases his s|iiiil tinll
I III rgy ciirrieil him through enterprises, wliirli Im
liienilH considered lis most rashly underlakin. M
stance oeeuired on Isiurd of ship in India, wliirr Kil
gi'iitlemen, by wny of ridiculing Li'yden's pri ti iikIhik l|
agility, otVereil hliil n Ik'I of sixty gokl iiudirH llul ^i
ciiuhl not go aloll. Our Imrd instantly beionk IiiiiimIH']
the shrouilH, anil, at all the risk incident to n Inritail
who first Mtleiiipis such an nserni, Hiirei'scl'nllv '"^f
the maiiitnp. Tliere il was inteiuled to »uli|ril liinii'l
UkIiuI piULlieul Hvu juke, by nfuiii^' /iiM u/i, i.i ip>i
.1 tiUin/.i wliicli
tniKi'dy on ll;e
luds, iindrijinic
ouml tliuii «jy
lidnihirffh Mi
■rioilical ii]isci|.
ciil trauslaliom
\()rtii', Iriim H(
e, iVoiii the IVr-
leces, imiicaiiiij
k'liriiini; of 111(1,1
rilitil J. L; mij
rs liuw utlcn In,
the years \'X\ |
loniuil ri's[Mu-
[leiired lo b»'loii|i
Sl'll' WUK well Ji.
liibiildCoiislalili,
t of Inisini'w lias
a publisliiT, was
' curiuiis mill an
l)o«si'ta<i'd isuii.
, llio cxU'iil (.]'
lowii, was, iiiilic
)urf;li, uiid a I'rt.
hIioii, wliiri In
iite vrry dill'irun
ly. In lliCM ii.
I'idi Lcydfii, wild
fhich Mr. lliVt
r (liscoviTi'd «ii]i ]
;ni8 wliicli I ligir
Boon ri|Miicd luir,
il a(lviiiita|;i'. Mi.
rilent uh IiIiii$i1i |
, anil who «ii
ons, and to iiute
tlic advanlanraijil
'. IIi'Iht's niiciily,
s powi'tful rctijiii-
f Edinhiiri;h, wiili I
ijr thenc may k [
rlw, Mr. Ilimv
■ The Man 0/ Fit]- 1
II, tlicn rcHidiiiii in I
rt'Ct'i>i'd llalliTini; I
[nit'8 ol'lhf inli'ri>l|
HBint' iiitrinluc. [
ofMr. WalUrl
, roiMiiiict', aiiil I
ilniirutiniiol'l'
L', iind t'vcilknl |
And hy diiTm
t'ly, niid ciuiiiiir-
diiiliu);uli<lii'il I'oi I
firht tntrrcd '!,i
■iiliiir ; nor inJnii
(1 iluriii)! Ills mn.
s, lis iiro|itily a!
Mjnic idea ul'liu
I iiiiiipiiny.
)ii lliu chiik Irali-
liniwii liuir, li\ily
rcB, (.'iivi' all omit
liin wlioir nrtiiili-
I'rnnHi ralliir llm
ivi', iind well lillcil
, Il he dilit'liliil l«!
no li'HH allxi™^l<l|
111)! mill Hillary
111 Kiii);li-»liil'.>|
utlr|>l III lrii|il»(.
■rrisis wliirli *'
•rlliiii. IV.itsol
Il llMlllll■^^ u|
II with uncjrH'
ii|Mdiiuiii', 111'*"
nl' hi» itrialN
sine 111" 1"'^''
»■„ his s|iitiuw
Iws, wliicli I*
"rlHkrii. All n
Jniliii, wli''"'*'
iiii'ii |ir( ti iiiiiw" ''
Lhl niiihriidul'^
I iM'KHik lliliwl"*
[iirrii<«riilly '""
[0 mihjnl liim"'
IIM U/>. !■ t ','"''
I:
<iii'l
In
Willi®!®*^ OmiL^II'l^ ®im®Wlj
WLy&i
im^ ^mBm^^m^.
vol.. I.
PIIILADELPIII.V, MAV 28, 1833.
>o. 20.
PniNTED AND Pi'Bi.isiiKD Bv ADAM WALDIK, No. 6, North EiniiTii strekt, riiii.ADbi.Piu.t — At $5 fur .12 niimbt.T:^, payitlile in advnncr.
Ii,n^ till he should rcilcem himself by paying n fine.
But tlio SP''''' °' I'Cyilon dictated desperate resistance,
iiJ, finding ho was likely lo be overpowered, he flung
feiinscif lioni t''<^ '"p, and, seizing a rope, preeipitated
liiiii.flf on deck by litliiig it slide rapidly Ihrousli his
"rasp. In l'"'* operation ho lost the skin of Imtli huiids,
L| nl' course won his wager. Hut when he observed his
Irifiiiis look grave at the expensive turn which their jest
liad takcHi I'" '"'■''' "!"^ flun^ into the sea the order for
ilir jioiiey whieh ihey had given him, and contented
Ijiiijoll'w'ith the triuinpli which his spirit and agility had
laiiifd. This little anecdote may illustrate his character
ai more respects than one.
In society, John Leyden's first appearance had soine-
ihin" that revolted the fastidious and alarmed the dell-
i-jlc." lie was a bold and uneomiironiisiiig disputant,
and neither subdued his tone, nor modified the form of
lijj arjriinicnt, out of defeience to the rank, age, or even
,0, of those with whom he was maintaining it. His
voice, whieh was naturally loud atid harsh, was on such
occasions exaggerated into what he himself used to call
liisMir-^onc. which were not very pleasant to the ear of
<lr.in"ers. His manner was animated, his movements
abruiii, and the gestures with which lie enforced his ar-
juiiieiils rather forcible than elegant; so that, altogether,
his first'apjiearance was somewhat appalling to persons
oi'loiv animal spirits, or shy and reserved habits, as well
as 111 all who expected much reverence in society on oe.
I count of the adventitious circumstances of rank or sta
lion. Dcsides, his spirits were generally at top-flood,
and entirely occupied with what had last arrested his at-
liiilion; aiid tiius his own feats, or his own studies, were
I Ins lo[iic more frequently than is consistent with the
order of good company, in wliicli every person has a
riL'lit to expect his share of conversation, lie was
indeed loo imicli lient on allaiiiiiig personal distinction in
sn'lolv to choose nicely the mode of acquiring it. For
luiiiple, ill the course of 11 large evening parly, crowded
I ivilh fashionable people, to niany of whom l.eydeii was
inalisoliilc stranger, silence being imposed for the pur-
|.Ke of a song, one of his friends with great astonish-
I ineiil, and some horror, heard I.eyden, who could not
>iii);a note, si ream forth a verse or two of some liorder
I ilillv, with all the dissonance of an Indi.m war-whoop,
la ilieir way home his friend ventured to remonstrate
I mill liiiii oil this e.\lraordinary exhibition, to which his
leiico was, " Dash il, man, they would have thought I
I «a» iifriiirf to sing licllire llieiii." In short, his egotism,
I hi'liold iiHNiiiiipliiiii in society, his aflectation of neglcct-
; uiaiiy of its forms as trilles iK'iieath his notice, eir-
I niiiutiini'es which iilU'U exeited against his first ap|)e,ir
I iiiee an luiiliie and dispro|>orli.inate prejudice, were en
Itiri'lv I'oiiiiiled upon the rcsoliilion lo support his iiide
I |»'iiiieiii e, and lo assert that character formed between
I 111'' lettered seliolar, ami the wild rude borderer, the eoiiii.
lliiiurt, as il were, of Anai'liarsis, the philosophic Scy
Ilium, which, from his infincy, liu was ambitious of
Iniiiiiluiiiiiig.
lib liiiiiible origin was with him rather n subject of
llioiirsl {irlde than of false shame, and he was internally
IliiUinvvlllliig that his ile|>ortiiieiil should lo a certain de
llteparlake of the simplieily of the milks from which
llicliail raised hiiiiseli' hy his talents, lo bear u share in
lltir tirsl soeltly. lie boasted in rdaiiiiiig these marks
Il III" liirtli, as the I'crsian tribe, when riiised to the rank
Itf kiiiijs and eiiiiipierors, still displayeil as llicir banner
lltt lealliirii apron of the sinilh who liiiiiided their dy-
liiily. lie bore, however, with great good-hiimoiir all
li'M]{ raillery on Iiih roii;;h m:iniiers, ami was oiK'ii
li'idy lo |>roiiiiile hiicIi pleasantry by his own example.
I^^aui a l.idy lit' rank iiiiil fiishion one evening insisted
|«;«»i his dancing, he wnde next nitirning a lively pis'tienl
■III lo III r in the eliaraetcr of a ilaneing hear. 'I'his
l«)< Ills Usual mode of esi'iipiiig or apologi>^ing I'or any
I'' I' wliiili his high spirits anil lieeilli ss habits might
IW hini 111 eiimniil, anil several very pn lly copies of
|i'«ii|'liiiii'hlary verses were a sort ol' |N'aec-otVerings fiir
ll'iviiUmniai'liments ii|ion the eeremoiiial of soi iiiy.
Iluiinit thus marked strongly tin) deli'els of Ins man-
■'MihI the piejiiilicH wliicli tlipy Niimeliines exeiteil
I'TMie eicilit troiii tlio publie, while wo teenrd the
'>! iiiliios and nieii' by which they were nloneil 11
'■'"Niiilliilil, 1.1 yd' I apparent hiirshiicss ol addruHsl
''iidn liiiid ol real utlcetion to his fricndi), and kind-l
M.« »i:iiii;a— V!0
ness to all with whom lie mingled, unwearied in their
service, and watchful to oblige them. 'I'o gralil'y the
slightest wish of a friend, he would engage at once in
the most toilsome and ditficult researclies, and when
perhaps that friend had Ibrgottcn he ever iiitiniatcdsiich
a wish, Loyden came lo pour down before him iho t'nll-
esl information on the subject which had excited his
attention. And his Icinper was in reality, and notwith-
slandinganutVeetation of roughness, as gentle as it was
generous. No one fell more deeply lor the distress of
those he loved. No one cxiiibiled more disinterested
pleasure in their success. In dispute, he never lost
lein|ier, and if he despised the outworks of ceremony,
he never trespassed U|Kin tlio essentials of good-breed-
ing, and was himself the first to feci hurt and dislrcssed
if he conceived that he hud, by any rash or hasty expres-
sion, injured the feelings of the most inconsiderable
member of the company. In all the rough play of his
argument loo, he was slrictly good-humoured, and was
the first lo laugh,if, asinusl happen occasionally lo those
who talk much, and u|ion every subject, some disputant
of less cxlonsivo but more neeurate informalion, con-
trived to arrest him in his very pitch of pride, hy a home
fact or incontrovertible argument. And, when his
high and independent spirit, his firm and steady prinei-
plea of religion and virtue, his constant good-humour,
the extent and variety of his erudilion, and the liveliness
of his conversation, wore considered, they must have
been fastidious indeed who were not reconciled to the
foibles or |ieculiarilies of his tone and manner.
Many of those whoso genius has raised them lo distinc-
tion, have fallen into the latal error of regarding their
wit and lulents as an excuse for the nnliiuited indnlgencc
of their passions, and their biographers have loo fre-
quently lo record the acts of e.\travaganeo, and habits
of iinmorulily, which disgraced and shortened their
lives. Krom sucli crimes and follies John I.eyden slisid
free and stainless. lie was deeply Impressed with the
truths of (Jhristiunity, of which he was at all times a
ready and ardent usserter, and his faith was attested by
Iho purity of morals, which is its best earthly eviilcuco.
To Iho pleasures of Iho table ho was lolally ludillerent,
— never e.vceoded the bounds of leinperunce in wine,
ihougli frequently in soeiety where there was tempta-
tion to do so, and fcemed hardly to enjoy any relVesh-
meiil excepting lea, of which liu sometimes drank very
large quantities. When he was travelling or sliidying,
his teiniioranee became severe ahstincnee, and ho ol'leii
passed an entire day wilhoiit any other twid than a i.ior.
sel of bread. To sleep ho was equally iiidilVcreiil, and
when, during the latter part of his residence in bidin-
burgli, he treqncntly s|>ciil the day in eompany, he
u.sed, U|Hiii retiring home, to pursue his studies till a
lain hour in the morning, and satisfy himself with a
very brief imrlion of repose. It was the npinioii of his
I'ricnds, that his strict lemperanec alone cnuld liavu en-
abled hiin lo t'ldhiw so hard a course of reading as he
enjoined himsoll'. His pecuniary resources were iieces-
"arily much limited ; but he knew lliiil indepciKleiiee,
and the title of maiiilainiiig a free and ntienntrolidd de.
mnanoiir in society, can only lie attained by avoiding
|H'CUUiary ombarrussiiieuts, and liu nianuged his tuiidi.
with such severe eeiinuiiiy, that he seemed always at
ease U|Nin his very narrow income.
We have only anolher trail to add lu his character as
a meinlter of society. With all his blnntness anil pecu-
liarity, and iiiidnr disadvantages of birth and tnrtniie,
LcydoirH reception among fuinules of rank and eleganee
was fuviiiirabki In a d>aliiigiiislicil degree, Whelher it
IS that the tact of the lair sex is finer than ours, or th.it
they more readily pardon |iei uliarily in t'avoiir of origi-
iiallly, or that an iincoiiinion address and manner is in
itnell u rociiinmeiiilation to their liivour, or thai they are
not so readily oll'ondeil as the iiiale sex by a display of
RUjiorior learning, — in short, wbalever were tlio cause,
it is certain that Leydon was a tiivoiirilo among those
whoso favour all are nmbitioiis to attain. Among the
ladiflR of distiiielinn who honoured him with their re-
gard, it is iuiineicnl lo notien the late Dnehess of (<iir-
■loii, and l.aily Charloltu ('aiiipbell, [now lliiry,] who
were then leaders of the llishlonahle soriely of Kdiii-
burgh. It is time to rutiirii lo trace the brief events of
his lit'r.
In lt*00, Lrydoii win ordained a preacher of the gon-
pel, and entered oiioii the fniietioiis then confi rred upon
him, by pTeaching in .several of the churclies in K.din-
hiirgh and the neiglibourbiKid. Ills style of pulpit iira-
tory was marked with the same nicrilsand faulls which
distinguish his poetry. His style v/as more striking than
rhetorical, and his voice and gestuio more vjoleiil than
elegant; but his discourses weie marked wiih strung
traits of original genius, and alllmiigh he pleaded an in-
ternal feeling of tlisaipoiiitnient at being uiicqiial lo at-
tain his own ideas of excellence as a prtncliei, it was
impossible lo listen to him without being convinced of
his uncommon extent of learning, knowledge of ethics,
and sincere zeal for the interest of reliL'ioii.
The auluiiHi of the same year was cmpbiyed in a lour
to the Highlands and Hebrides, in which I.eyden ac-
coinpanicd two young t'oreigners who had studied at
IMuiburgh the preceding winter. In this tmir ho visited
all Iho remarkalile idaces of lliat iiiterestiiig part ol his
iialivo country, and diverging fiom the eumiiion and
more commodious route, visited what aro culled llio
io//g/i /rounrfs of the lliglilands, and investigated llicd«-
cayiiig traditions oft'ollic manners and story which are
yet preserved in the wild districts of Moidart and Kiim-
dart. The journal which he made on this occasion was
a curious moiiument of his zeal and industry in these
researches, and contained niucli valuable iiitiiriiiatinii oil
the subject of Highland manners and traditions, wliieli
is now probably lost to the public. It is reinarkalde,
that allor long and painful research in quest of original
passages of the poems of Dssian, he adopted an opinion
more favourable to llieir uutheiitieity than has lately
prevailed in the literary world. IJut the eoiilesscd infi-
delity of Maepherson must always excite the strongest
suspicion on this su'ijecl. I.eyden composed, w itii his
usual llicility, several detached imeiiis upon Highland
traditions, all of which have probably perished, e.xeepl-
ing a ballad Ihunded upon the romantic legend respeel-
iiig Macpliail of I'liloiisay and the .Mcrniaid ol' I'oirie-
vrekiii, inscribed lo l.ady ('hnrlulle ('aiiqdull, and'
published in the third volume of the Himlir .Vin»rir/.i.(/,
which appeared at the distance of about it Iwelvcmontti
al'ler the two first volumes of that work. The o|MMiiiig
of this ballad exhibits a power of numbers, winch, for
the mere melody of sound, has seldom been excelled ill
fnglish poetry.* Nor wore these legend iry elViisimis
the only fruit of his juurney ; liir in his passage through
Aberdeen, I.eyden so far gained llie friendship of Iho
venerable I'roliissor Heallie, that he obtained bis per-
mission to make a traiiseiipt troin the only existing
copy of the interesting pouiii entitled Albania. This
work, which is a panegyric on Scotland, in nervous
blank verse, written by un anoiiymuus uiillior in the
beginning ultlio cigliteeneh century, Leyden atbirwards
republished nliiiig wiili Wilson's I'lyde, under the title
of iVf(i//i«/i Di'mrifilii'e I'oimii, IJnni, l^ll^'.
III lyill, when .\lr. Lewis published his 7ii/<s nf Won-
der, I.eyden was u contributor to Ihiil eolleclion. and
rurnishod llie ballad called the KIl'King. And in the
following year, ho enqdoyed himself earnestly in the
eiingenial task of procuring inalcrials tiir the Mtiistnhi/
iiflUe ISnillith llorili r, the first pnliliealion of the editor
of lliat collection. In Ibis labour be was equally inter-
ested by fiiendshlp tlir the editor, and by his own pa-
triotic leal for tlio honour of the Scottish Ilonleis, and
both may be judged of from the following cireuinstance.
An interostiiijj Iragmenl had been obtained of an ancient
histoiieal ballad, but the leinainder, to the great dis-
turbance of the editor and his eoudjntor, was not lo bo
recovered. Two days atlerwards, while llie editor was
silting with soiiin eompany aller dinner, a sound wan
heard iil a distance like Unit ol tliu whistling ot ii tein-
|M'st Ihrougli the torn rigging of the vessel which m iiil.i
belore it, The sounds im reused as they nppniiielied
Horn near, and I.eyden (to llin great astonislininnt of
Hiieli of the guests as did not know him) burst into Iho
risiiii, chanting Iho desiderated ballad, with the most
enthiisiaslie gCHture, and all the energy of the i-aw-
tones of his voice already eoniincnioiated. It Inriicd
lint, that he had walked lielweeii tiirly and fifty miles,
and back again, tiir the solo purpose of viFlting an old
|>i<rson who (Hissesaod this preeimia remnant ol'aiiti-
* It will lie Ibund al Iho 1 lubC of lliiii biu|;rttpliic..l
i,kclcli.— Ki/.
i5*.-i*' ■ :' '.f*t|
' ... li. >: ■ l.'.iffa.
^■«
;m'.' \
^?'
n^
,1
lA-
■;■■■''!
t' r
306
BKKiRAI'IIICAI. MEMOIR OF JOII?f I.F.YDKX.
;;;:^:
■ S.,'' ;■
Altit;
»■ .>•:■,
quily. His antiquarian rcsciirches and porlic lalcnls
were also librnilly ixorleil tor llic support of this nn-
dcrtaking. To tlio lornier, tlio rcailcr ours ni a grial
measure llio Dissertation on T'liiry Superstition, wliicli,
altliougli nrran^eil auil clii»ested by tlio editor, abounds
with instances ot'sueb curious readinij as Iiryileu alonr
liad read, and was originally coinpileil by biin : and to
tbo latter tlic si)iritcd ballads entitled Lord Soulis and
llie Cout ot'Kct'Idar.
liCydcn s next publication was T/ieCnmphii/nl of Scot-
land, a new edition of an ancient ajid singularly rare
tract bearing that title, written by an uncertain author,
about the year 1518. This curious work was pub-
lished by Mr.Constable, in the year 1»()1. As the tract
was itself of a ditFuso and coinprclicnsivc nature, loucli-
iiig upon many unconnected topics, both of public policy
and private liti?, ns well as treating of the learning, the
poetry, the music, and the arts of that early period, it
gave I.eydeu an opportunity of pouring I'ourtli such a
profusion of antiquarian knowledge in the Preliminary
Dissertation, Notes, and Glossary, as one would have
thuugiit could Ininlly have been accuinnlated during so
»hort a lite, dedicated, too, to so many and varied stu
dies. The intimate acquaintance which he has displayed
with Scollisli anti(|uities of every kind, from nianuseript
liislnries and rare dironiclcs down to the tradition
of the peasant, and the rhymes even of llio nursery,
evince an extent of research, power of arrangement,
and laeility of reeollcction, wliich lias never been
equalled in this department.
This singular work was the means of intrndncing
I<eydon to the notice and correspondence of Mr. Kilsnn,
the celebrated antiquary, who, in a journey to Srolhind,
during the next summer, found nothing which dilighted
liiin so much as the conversation of the editor of the
Com/iliit/nt of Sriil/and, in whoso liivnnr ho smnollied
down and snltcned the natural asperity of his own dis-
position. The Iriendship, however, betHien lliese two
authors was broken cilV by l.pyden's running his linrder
liobby-liorso a full tilt against the I'ytlingorean p;\ll'ry
of Iho lOnglish antiquary. Kilson, it must be well re-
inemliered, had writli'u a work against the use of ani-
mal food J Leyden, on the other hand, maintainrd it
was a part of a masruline character to eat whatever
caiuo to hand, whether the substance was vegetable or
nnimal, cooked or uncooked ; and he concludi'd a lirad>'
to this pur(Ktse, by eating a raw beef-steak beliiro the
tcrrilied anticpiary, who never at\erwards conM lie pre-
vailed upon to regaril him, except as a kind of learned
Ogre. This .'ircach, however, did not hap|ieu till
they met in London, previous to Leyden'a leuviny
Britain.
Meanwhile other pursuits were not abandoned in the
study of !<cottish ai:tii|Milies. 'I'lie KilUiiiiirah M'l^o-
tine wag united in IH(l^)willi the old Scnls .\liiira:iiii\
and was now put undir the inanagement of F.i'yden by
Mr. Constable the pyblislier. To this publicaliun, dur-
ing the period of his management, which was about live
or six months, ho contributed several occasional pieces
of prose and poetry, in all of which he was surcessl'ul,
excepting in those where humour was required, which
talent, notwithstanding his unvarieil hilarity of lorn-
per, Leyden did not possess. Hi> was also, during tlii»
year, engaged with his Smirsof liifunri/, a poem which
was afterwards published on tlio eve of his i,'a\ lug Itri-
tain, and in which hn has intrrwovcn his own early
ibclings and recollections with tlio de«eri|ition and tra-
ditional history of his native vain olTeviot. Mis indi-
vidual partiality mav be also traced in this interesting
poem. Ca vers and i)en!iolm,lhe scenes of his childhood,
■nd Karilcn, Ibrmerly the seat ol^in ancient family from
which one of his frieiuN is desenndud, detain him with
particular fondness, 'I'he poem was composed at ditl'er-
ent interv.ils, and iiiiicli altered lielore puliliealion. In
IKirtieular, lis it was originally written, the right oi
Boulhern fido of the Ti viot was hr.^t surveyed, ere the
|siet took nolico ot' llin streams and scemry of the
northern banks, A Iriiiid ubjei trd, lliat thisaiiange-
iiieiit was rather gexgriiphieni than (loetieal, upon which
Leyden iiew-niodelled the whole poem, and iiitrodiicivl
the sulijoctB in their natural order, as tiny would occur
to the traveller wli'i should Iran^ the river Ironi its
roiireii to its junclioii with the 'I'wccd. It is anotlii r
rnnmrkablo circiimstnnne, that the aullior has interwo-
ven ill this iKS'ui niiiny passanjos which were originally
cither frngnieiits or parts of essavi upon very dilti'ieiit
•nhjcclM. Tlii-i will ill some digree accoiinl liir the
pinnies, in partieuhir, not being always sui'li as the sub.
jeet seems iialiirslly to suggest, but rather eiilculaled
tu distract tlio attoiitiuii, hy liurryiiig iti'tuiil tliu valo <il
Teviot to distant countries, to -Africa, to India, and to
.America, to toe pal. ices r.f (iondar, and the eiiehinti (I
halls of the ('alijil! Vathck. Iiide,-d. as Leydeii'.< read-
ing was at all limes s.iiiicwbat ostcutatioiisly displayed,
so in his poetiy he wa-; sr.nn times a little too ambitious
in introdiK ing seienlitic allusions or terms of art, which
embarrassed instead of exalting the simplicity of liisde-
scriptions. But when he is contented willi a pure, and
natural tone of fciliiii! and expression, his poetical
|iowers claim the adiiiiratioii and sympathy of every
reader.
The friends of Leyden began now to be anxious for
his poriiianeiit sctlleinenl in liib. lie had been for two
years in orders, and there was every reason to hope
that he might soon obtain a church, through the nume-
rous friends and powerful interest wliich lie now pos-
sessed. More than one nobleman of high rank expressed
a wish to serve him, should any church in their gill
become vacant; and from the recommendation of other
friends to those possessed of political interest, ho was
almost assured of being provided tor, bv a crown presen-
tation, on some early op|Kirluiiily. But liis eager desire
of travelling, and of cxtemiing the bounds of literary ami
geographical knowledge, had become, as he expressed
himself to an intimate friend, "his thought by day and
his dream by night, and the discoveries of .Mungo I'ark
haunted his very slumbers-" Wlieii the risk was ob-
jected to him, he used to answer in the phrase of Ossian,
*' Dark Cuehullin will bo renowned or dead,'* and it be-
came hopeless to think thai this eager and aspiring spirit
could be confined wilhiu liio narrow sphere, and limit-
ed to the humble, tliongli u^eful, duties of a country
clergyman.
It was tlierefiire now the wish of his friends to turn this
irrosi-^tilile thirst for discovery into some channel which
might at once cratitv the predominant desire of his
heart, and be attended with some prosjiect of secuiing
his t'ortiine. It was full time to take such steps; for
ill IMI'J Leyden had actu illy commenced ovirtures to
the AtVicaii ."society, for undertaking tt journey of dis-
covery through the inteiior of that conli. cut : an enter-
prise which sad evaiiii les h.iH shown to be little belter
than an act of ahsoluto suicide. To divert his mind
from this desperate project, a representation was made
to the Right ll<in. William Duiulas, who hid then a
seat at the lliard of Control, stating the talents and
disposition of Leyilen, and it was suggested that suili a
|>ersou might lie ufeliilly eiujdined in iiive«ligaling the
language and I arniiii; of the lodian Irilx's. .Mr. Dirn-
dls entcied with the most hlieral alaeritv into tlie^o
views; but it liap[ietn d, unfortunately as it might seem,
that the solo ai>|Miiiitoi(iit IIkmi at his disjiosal was that
ot'surgeon's assistant, which could only be held by a
person who had taken a sorg'ieal degree, and could siis.
tain an examiii.ition before the -Medical Board at the
India Mouse.
It was iiiHin this occasion that Fjevden sliowoil, in
their utmost extent, hi" wonderful powers ol' application
and comprehension, lie at once iiiliinated his readiirss
to accept the ap|»iinlinent under the conditions annexed
to it; anil availing limisi !f of the suiH-rtieial inlliriiia-
lioii ho had Ibrmerly acquired by n casual attcndame
ii|Min one or two ot* the rnodicil classes, he gave his
whole mind to the «ludy of medicine and surgery, with
the pur(>oso of (pialiiyiiig liiin«<lf lor his degree in llio
short space of I'wa or six months. The liilKiur which ho
underwent on this occasion wasacliially inciedible; l.iit
with the powerful assi"l«ncp of a gentleman of the high-
est eminence in his pro!i'«sion, (the late Mr. .lolin Hell
of Mdinbiirgh,) he succeeded in acquiring such a know,
ledge of this compliealej and most diiricull art, iis in.
allied him lo obtain his diploma as surgeon w itii crodil,
oven in the city of I'linliurgli, so long liiniid li'r its
medieal school, and liir the wholcsotne rigour a(lo|iteil
ill the dislribiilion of ilegrcos. Ix>ydi n was, however,
incautious in boasting of lii« success alVr so sliotl a
course of study, and lounil hiiii"! If obliged, in coiiso-
queiico of his imprudence, lo relinquish his intent! -n of
taking out the drifreo of M. I), at Kdinbiirgh, ami lo
liavii recourse to nnother Seotliiji I'niversity (or that
step in his piorcssion. .Meanwhile the sudden chiiiige
uf his profession gave great aniusrment lo some of his
friends, especially when n lady having fainled |u a
crowded assembly. Dr. Leyden advanrcil lo her assisl-
ance, and went througli the usual routine of trealoieiit
with all the gravity which Iwi'iiniPd hi< new faculty.
In triilli, the iinmedinle object of his stildie) was al-
ways, ill season ami out of sessoii, pmdomiiiant in Ley-
don's mind ; and pi«l a'loil lhi» lime, he went lo llii
cvciiinj; purl/ uf ■ lady of Iho liishuit rank witii (ho
remnants of a human hand in his pocket, which iie|. j
lieeii diKse.'ti'ig in llio uioriiiiig, and on soiiu} i|iii<|i,,.
Iieiiig stirred about llio niuseul.ir action, he w.is vi,.|'
ililliculty withheld from prodiiciiig this grislv pvi,!,, '
in support of the argument which ho rnaiilaiiieil. ti
charaetnr of Loydeu cannot 'lO understood witlioat mp
tioning these eiri umslanees that are allied to odii,..!
but it is not so ('.i-iy to bndy forth those qiialitiiNni ,, ' '
gy, application, and intolligeiiee, by which he dijini;.,!
his extravagances, ami vinilicated his assumption of
merit, far less to paint his manly, generous and fiimdi
disposition. '
In December IBDxi, Leyden was sumoncd to join (k,
Christmas fleet of Indiamen, in coiiscqucnco of hlj,
poiiitment as assistant surgeon on the Madras establi.r
ineiit. It was sullieieiitly understood that his incliui
character was only assumed to bring him willijniii,
compass of Mr. Dundas's patronage, and that his talinli
should be employed in India with reference to his liicrari-
researches. Ilo was, however, pro foimii, noiiiiiia|,j
to the Madras hospital. While awaiting this call h,
belli his whole energies to the study of the Onci'iijl
languages, and nnin.sed his hours of leisure by nddinoij
the Scfnetuf Infancy, many of those passages adre^sed
to his friends, and bearing a particular retbreiieo l.ihu
own situation on the evo of departure from Scotland'
which, flowing warm from tlio heart, constitute l|,g
principal charm of that iaiprossivo |)oein. .Mr. lii'lj,,.
tyiio, ol'k'idso, an early and intimate friend of Lylci,
had just then established in Li'iiiburgli his press, ivinfj
has since been so distiiiiiiiished. To tlio ciitii j| sku]
of a valued and learned friend, and to the I'rieiullv ,s
well as proli}ssiuiml care of .Mr. Uallantyiie, l^vj^n
coimnitted this last memorial of his Inve to Ins iiiiinj
land. The last sheets reached him bidiiro he lel't B(i-
tain, no more to return.
Upon examining these, it would appear that lie imi,
gined his critical triends had exercised, with more M|3oiir
than mercy, the prorogatiieof rctroncliinenl with wlmli
ho had invested them. Mo complains of these allirj.
tions in a letter, which is no bad picture of his imnner
in conversation. It is dated from the Isle of \Vi"iii
where ho states liiiuself to be "like a wealliercwk
veering about with every wind," expecling ami lio|iiiij
every moinent when tlio boatswain's whistle sIiomM m^
all hnnds on board, and that ho may bo nlVtVoni tlii'n'ld
island for ever in til'leen iiiiunles, " I fniicv,'' he nn.
tiiiiies, " you expect lo receive a wagou-lo id," a( |pasl,»f
thinks for your niid-wilb skill, in swadilling nu' binl.
ling so tight, that I liMr it will he stran^rlojjn i!i!
growth ever aOer. On the contrary, I have in iiiv n«n
niiiid been trinmphiiig famously over you, anil yonr
razor wilted, hair-spliltiiig, inlelleelnal assoei;ite,Jnliii.«
tastes I do not pretend to lliiiik any thing like ei|i|jlt»
my own, though, before I left Scotland, I tlioiijlit t'lra
niiia'.ingly oeiite; hut I limey tliere is soinclhin]; in i
London almnspliere, which greatly briirhteiisihe iiinlfr.
"landing, and furbishes the laslo. This is all tlicvcii.
■eance you have unfortunati'ly leH in my pewiT, Cir I
incerely am of opinion, that you ought to linve iKljjiifJ
the alterations in the (irst slieel, whiili I think iiwt'
indubitably belter than those you have retniiiril. TN
verses you excluded were cortainly the niosi nrijiiulia
.ill the s'cond eaiilo, and certainly the next lir«t tnlln
S|M'elre .Ship, ill the wliide poem; and I defv yoii sril
,nnd the whole Ldiuburgh Heview, In iiniK'ni-lithrir
originality. And what is more, they eiuitiiiiioil ll»l
winding sheet of the dead child, wet with a iiiotlift'i
repining tears, which was the very idea lor Ihenakool'
which I wrote the whole episode; so you havocnrtaWl
what I liked, and loft what I did not enie a su|idi«
about, flir I would not li:ive been half so enraged, if VM
had omitted the whole epi-iode ; niid what is iiiml I'f
voking of all, you expect llio approlvition of every nm,
of lasto liir this butcheiy, this mangling and liolrliin:!
Itv Apollo, if I knew of any man of taste lliat n|'|ir'nf'
)l it, 1 woiiM cut his tongue out. Hut mv only rcvf""
-s to Iriiimph over your hid tastes. When
sliowod me this pirt, I tore llin sheet in wrafl','!
sHore I would have a Caleutia edition, for tliP n«
purpose of expo.ving your spurious one. lint ynn nrfi.
not mind much his critical observations. Ileii.icii'
lihle lellow, points very well, iindnrstnnils nni'ic, Im
linn lasto for ornainenling, ami (lerliaps liir pniiiinfi
hill ho has loo lilt brains for origin.ilily. Now, iiiyilti
Ihillantyne, Ihougli I till up liiv voice like a tiiim;><
against your h.id lasln In eritieisin, yd I uivn V"" '
due ereilil liir good intentions, and my wariiiosi lliinl
lor the trouble you bine taken, only do iml lulk "f"*'
ofldslg nppruviiiy of your vilo critical ruiurs-rMon
He had tal
IHOGHAPIIICAL NE.YIOIR OF JOHN LEYDEN.
^07
iioncd lo join il,,
ipionco of hij if.
AluiirasesUbli.-ti-
that his mcdicil
g liim wilhiiiiln
tid lliat his taltnli
3nce toliisliicnrv
funmi, nomiiiat,j
iiitiiig this call, Iw
y of the Orieiiiil
isuro l)y adding (o
passages iidrt<i«d
ir releriMieo In \m I
■e I'roiii Seolland;
rl, cunstiliilc lljt
ocin. Mr. Bi!Im. |
I'rieiid 111' Ia'v'Jcii,
[h his pn-as, ivlurii I
a the ciitlcil skill
to I ho frifiidlv.js
allanlyne, lAyJen I
Irive to his iiulii) I
beloro lie lel'i Bii- 1
jUjillon I Now, my dear teljow, faro well; coiniiiond
ivirmlv to your good muthtrly mother, and your
Irollicrs- I slial' l)" I'appy to hear of you, and I'roiii
ou in i"> oxilCi and Lclieve mo, my dear liallantyne,
; i!. " Yours, must isinceroly,
JOMN IjEVDEN.
\bnul the middle of December 1802, John I.oyden
lit E',<li»'<>"'S''' '"'^ not exactly at thu time lie had pro-
uoiiJ. lie had takon a Kolonin farewell of his friendR,
[ii^Jijonc to Roxburglisliiro to hid adieu to his parents,
wiioiii III' regarded with tlio most tender filial artcction,
J fruni thunce lie intended to liave taken his departure
i„ Ijiiiiilua without returning to l^dinbnrgh. Some ae-
fljiiit cliaiiged his purpose, and his uiK'X|KCted arrival
il Edinburgh was picturesque, and soinenhat slarlling.
\ lurty of liis friends had met in tho evening to talk
o<er his merits, and to drink, in Scottish phrase, his
/Jinay/if- While, about the .witching hour, they were
croiviiing n solemn bumper to his health, a tigiirc burst
iniotlic room, mulHed in a Hoaman's cloak and travelling
CJIH covered with snow, and dislinguishable only by the
^ij^piiesj and ardour of tho tone with which lie cx-
c!)iiiicd, '• Dash it, boys, here I am again!" The s.'.arl
ofaslmiishmcnt and delight with which this unexpected
iiinarilion was received, was subject of great mirth at
the liiiii^, ond the circunistanco has been since recalled
Ittiiiu^t of the party with that mixture of pleasure and
cielciicholy, which attaches to the particulars of a last
niKliin' with a beloved and valued friend.
hi London, tho kindness of Mr. Hebcr, his own rcpu-
Utiiin, and the recommendation of his Kdlnburgh
irKiids, procured Lcydcn much kindnnss and attciitinn
luon" persons of rank and literary distinction. Mis
chief pruleclor and friend, however, was Air. George
Eili«, the well known author of tho Sjicciinrns uf An-
fifdl /viy/ijA I'oeliij. To this gentleman ho owed an
uliiii;alKiii of the highest jiossiblo value, which wo shall
fiic in Ins own words, in a loiter to a friend in Kdiii-
biirijli, dated llllli .laiiuiry 1803, from which it appears
thai a disorder, pnidiieod by over iiitonso sluily and
iiijiciv of mind, joined to the friendly intciveiilion of
.Mr. Ellis, prevented his sharing, in all probaliilily, the
tile of other passengers on board the Ilindoslan, to
thch unt'urlunate ship he w.is originally desliiicd, and
wiiicli was cast away going down tho nver.
" Vou will no doidil br surprised at my silrnee, anil
udi'il I eiiinot aeeount for it myself; but I write you
noA iVoin III!' lobby of the lOast India House, to infurin
miiilialfi. I'llis has saved my life, fur, »ilhiiiit his in-
iiTlIrcncT, I should certainly, this ])reeit.us day, hav
l«'ii siiiii; in D.ivy's locker. At my arrival in town, or
ijliiiT ml my journey, I was scizeil with viol, lit eraiii|
in iiiv stoiiiai'li, the ennseiiueiiee of my exeessive exer-
tion Ixliire leaving Scotland, a part of which sm\ know,
Mid a i;ri Mirr part yon do not know. The clerks of tin
Indii lliiiise, who, I sup|H)sc, never had the cramp of tin
.tiiinricli ill llnir life, paid no kind of respect In llii»
nhalncr, lull with the most remorseless mnfr fiiiid told
tni iii.inr lo proei I'd to the Downs, or to vacate the np
pC'iiiliiH'iit. .Veither of these altiTiialives were inuili to
my l.i.-le, I'spi'i'ially as I ti)und that gelling mi hoard nl
tlir I1.HVI1S would cost me at least X'.'iO or t'till sterling,
vjiirli I iiiiagined, iinliki^ the bread east upon itie water,
Muhl iiul rilnrn even alVer many days. I, liowi vi r,
ftiod the principal forms, and was exainiiied by Dr
Hanliroii the iliseases of warm eliniales, with tolrrabli
lumMi, Iiiil most iiilolerable anguish, till I I'onlrivid ti
i{i;ravalo my disleiiiper so mneli from pure fatigue and
thi;tin, ami dodging allendanee at the India llnnsi
hmliii till lour every day, that Dr. Iliinler ohslin.ilely
("nlitnil me to my room for two d.iys. These eiirseil
tiltk-, linwi ver, whose laws are like those of the .Midi's
ml I'lfsians though I sincerely iH'lieve there is not oiii
"flliMii who has the slighlesl purliele of lasle liir either
Anljir nr I'ersian, not lo sjieak of Sanscrit or Taiiialie,
Bud' "III my iipiHiinlinenl anil ordi r to sail in llie llin
<>lin, without Hie slighlesl atleiitioii lolhis eireniiii.lanei
ml 1 d.ire siy liny winild iiiil have breii iiinved had I
•iiiliii ninl addressed lo Ihein the liiiesi ode i ver v.rit.
t'n 111 S.iiKiril, even thongli il hail been superior lo thosi
<i\\\r mililiiiie .lay.idiva. Helper was in |\iii.<, uml
noy inrwiii with whom I had the slighlrst iiilliiei
"Il of town ; and Dllis, even in the dislressid slate of
liiiliniily. In I,ady Parker is jnsi living, iiinl seMTiil
At. daiijr.roiisly im»ell of his n l.ilioiis, was inv only
"•'iini'. 'I'lial resoiiree, howiMT, siieeeedi il, "and I
kjvcjiist |,'r,| peniiission lo go in the Hugh Inglis to
JjtilM", and am ut Hie sniiio time infonmil, llial the
HimlMtan, wliieli I oiiglil to have joined yesterday
•*iiiij, was wrecked jjoiiiif down llio river, luiil one ol
the clerks whispered me that a great many passengers
have been drowned. About filVy persons have perish-
ed. So you see there is some virtue in the old proverl;,
' He that is born to be hanged,' itc. I feel a strange
mixture of solemnity and satisfaction, and begin lo IrusI
my fortune more lliaii ever."
-After this providential excliangn of dc-^tinalion, the
delay of Hie vessel lo which lie was transferred, periiiil-
led his residenee in Iwjiidon until the bcgiiiiiiiig of -Vpril
1803, an interval which he spent in availing hiniseU' of
the opporliinities which he now eiijoyi'd, of mixing in
the nil. St distiiignislieil society in the metropolis, where
the novelty uiiil good hninour of his character made am-
ple amends for liie native blunlne.ss of his nniiiners. In
the lieginning of .\pril, he sailed from I'ortsiiiouth in
the Hugh Iiiglis, where he had tlu^ advantage of being
on board the same vessel with .Mr. Uoliert Sinitli, the
brother of his steady friend, the Kev. .Mr. Sidney Sinitli.
-Vnd thus set forth on his voyage, perhaps the first Itrili.sh
traveller that ever sought India, moved lu illier by Ihe
love of wealth nor of |Hrtvcr, and wlio, despising alike
the luxuries eoininimded by the oiu', and the pomp at-
tached to the other, was guided .solely by the wish of ex-
tending our knowledge of oriental literature, and distin-
guishing himself as its most suceosfiil eiillivalor. This
pursuit he urged through health and through sickness,
unshaken by all the dillienlties arising from iiiiperfeel
coiiiinunicalioii wiUi the natives, from their prejudices,
and those of their Knropean masters, and from lVe(|Uenl
elinnge of residence; and unmoved either by lli(^ cliariiis
of pleasure, of wealth, or of that seducing inilidcnce lo
which many men of literature have yielded, ai'ler "Ver-
eoniing all other iinpedimenls. And to this pnrsiiil lie
finallj- fell a sacrifice, as di voted a martyr in the eau.se
of science as ever died in that of religion. We are nn-
abh' to trace his Indian researches and travels with accu-
racy similar lo that with which we li.ive followed llioM'
which preceded his departure from Kurope, but we arc
enabled to state tho followinjf outlines of his Ibrtuiie in
Hie east.
Allera mutiny in Hie vessel, which was subdued by
the exerlions of the ollicers and pii.^sengers, and in which
Lcydcn distinguished himself by his eiiolncss and iiitrc'-
pidity, the Hugh liiglis arrived at .Aladia^, and he was
transferred to the duties of his new profession. His iio-
niinaliuu as surgeon to the coiiiiiiis>ioin rs appoiiiteil lo
survey the ceded di.striels, seeined to pmniise ample op-
portunities for Uie eidliv.itii.n of oriental learning. Iiul
iiis health gavi' way imdrr Hie filignes of the climate ;
and he has patlnlieally recorileil, in Lis " Address lo uii
Indian (jolil Coin," Hie inroads which wire made on hi.-
spirils and constitulion. He was obliged to leave Hie
presiileney of .Madras, siilVeriiig an aeeiiiiiiil.itii)ii ol'ili.--
eases, and reaeluil, wilh dillieiilty, I'liim.' of Wall..
Isl.iiid. During ll.e passage, the vessel wi;s eliaml by a
l'"reneli privateer, which was Hie occasion of licyikn's
composing, in his hoi style of border enlliusiasiii, uii
"Ode lo a .Malay Cris," or dagger. Hie only weapon
which his reilneed slreiiglli now adiiiilti'il of his wield-
ing. 'I'he lidlowing letter to Air. H.illantvne, dated from
rriiiee of Wales Manil, lllth Oetolier, " IMI."), gixes a
lively and intiresling aceoiiiil ot' his occupations during
Hie first two ye.irs of his re..idniee in India.
" I'ulm I'cwws, Oi'/o^fc f!l, 180.-,.
" .Mv m;\ii Hm.i.antv.m:, — " Kiinling an extra India-
man, the IJevenge, which has put into this harbour in
distress, bound lo Kiiropi , I lake iiiiotlier i>p|iortiiiiity ol'
alleinpliiig to revive, or rather cimiincnie, an inli reninse
wilh my lairopean liieiids, fur since my nriiv.il in India
1 have not ri 1 1 iveil a single scrap from one of lln 111, —
I'roh Deiiiiil .Mr. t'onstalde exi i pled ; and my frii ml
I'lrskine writes me I'roin llomliay, tlial iimie of you lia\i
received Hie least intelligence of my inotion.i sinie I
lell I'linope. This is lo me nllerly astmiisliing and in-
coiiipi'i 111 iisible, eiinsidi ring the iiiiillitiide of letli rs and
parcels that I have ilesp.ilcln d I'loiii .My sure, espeeially
ilnring iiiv confiiii iiii'iil I'or the livi r disease nl Seringu-
palani, wlieie I li.iil liir si \eral moiillis the honour id' in.
habiliiig Hie jilaie of TippiMi's prime minisler. I de-
secndi d inio vl.ilabar in Hie lieginniie; of Miiv, in order
111 proceed lo Itoiiibay, and perhiips evi iiln.illy np the
Persian (iiill'as liir as Itassorah, in order lo Iry Hie elliet
of a sea voyage. I was, however, loo late, and Hie rains
hud set in, and Hie last vessels sailed two or lliree ilavs
beliire my iirri\al, .Vs 1 am always a \eiy lucky fellow,
as Well us an milucky one, which nil llir world knows, il
so till out thai Hie only vcshcI which sailed aOcr mv ar.
rival was \\ri eked, while some secret pre.i nlinieiil, or
raUicr ' s»ei I lillle cherub, that sils up ulod,' prevcnled
my embarkiinj on board of lur. I jouincyid Kitiurily
down lo Calient I'loin (.'aiiailure, iiilendiiig to pay my
respeels lo the eutwall, and the admiral, so famous in tho
laisiail ofCanioeiis; but only think ef my disappoint-
ment when I found Hiat the limes arc altered, and tho
tabh's tinned with respect to both these subliiiie cliarnc.
ters. The eutwiill is only a species of borongli-baililV,
while Hie admiral, Cod help him, is only the chief of tho
lishermeii. rroiii Calient I proceeded to I'aiilganlchcrry,
which signilies, ill the Taiiial language, 'the town of
thu lorcst of palms,' which is exactly Ihe meaning of
J'luliiim, the iiaiiie of a cily founded by Solomon, not
for the queen of .Slicba, but, as il happened, for tho
ei|nally funious tjneeii Zenoliia. Thus having demon,
slratcd that Snlomon iniderslood Hie Taiiial language,
we may proceed lo const ruel a syllogism in the follow-
ing manner : ' .Sulonion understood Iho Tamal language,
and he was wise, — 1 unilersland llic Tamal langnagr,
Iherel'ore I am as wise as .'^iloinon !' I fear you logical
lads of Kurope will be very lillle disposed to admit the
legitimacy of Hie conclusion ; bill, however the ,'inltcr
may stand in lOurniK', I can assure you it's no bad rea-
soning llir India. At I'anlgantcherry 1 had a most ter-
rible attack of the liver, and should very probably havn
passed away, or, as the Indians say, changed my cli-
iiiate — an elegant pi'riplirasis lor dying however — had I
iiol obstinately resolved on living lo have the pleasure of
being n'rcngri/ on all of you for your obstinale silence,
and perscveraiien Hierein to the end. Hearing about tho
middle of .\ugiist, that a Uombay cruiser had touched
at Aleppo, between (Jiiilon and Cochin, I made a despc-
rale push througli the jungles of the Cochin rajah's
country, in order to rcac-li her, and arrived about tlirco
hours alter she had set sail. Any body else would have
died of chagrin, if they had not hanged theiii.selvcs out-
right. I did neither one nor the other, but ' timed my
pipes and played n spring to John o' Hadenyon ;' allcr
which I set iiiysi If coolly down and translated the fa-
iiioiis Jewish lablels of brass, piesi rved in llic syiiagogiio
of Cochin ever since Hie days of Alellmsalem. Proba-
bly yon may lliiiik this no more dillienlt a task Ihan de-
ciphering the bra/en laldel on any door of Prini'c's or
(Ineeii's shci I. Jint In re 1 beg your pardon ; tiir, so far
I'roiii any body, J^w, Pagan, or Christian, having ever
been iilde to do this before, I assure you the most lenrn-
I il men of Hie world have never been able lo dieidc in
what langiiiige or in what iil|diahet they were written.
.\s ihe eharai II r has liir a long lime been supposed lo bo
anleililiui.iii, il has lor a long lime been as much di spiiirol
ol'us the Kl'V plian liierogly piaes. So iiini h was the diwau
or grand vi/.ier, if yon like il, asloiii-hid at the eircnni-
staiiee, that ho gave me to umlcrsland that I had only
to /M.s'.s tlntitii'Ji tl'i' i-'tiriril rtiir in oicli r to nii lit ad'.ptiiii
into the holy order of Prainiiis, 1 was fori cil, liowi ver,
10 del line the liononr of the sacred eow, t''r liiihickily
riial.uis' hull, iiiul Alnscs' calf, presented thiiiiselves lo
my ilii igiii.itiun, and il oeemred to me llial perhaps tho
n. 111. rajah's eow might be a beast of the breed. I!i iiig
on the eve of a new attack of the liver, 1 was fiirced In
leave Truvancore wiUi great preeiiiilation, in Ihe first
vcsmI that pri sillied itself, which, as Ihe devil would
have il, was a .Alapilla brig, bound to Piilou I'eniing, thu
newly erecled ptcsideiiiy on Hie Sirails of .M.ilacca,
will re I have just arrived, allcr a perverse pestilent voy-
.ige, ill vvliii 11 I li.ivu been terribly ill of revulsions of
hile and liver, without any of the conveniemes wliicli
are alnioHt necessary lo a I'iiiropeaii in these puis, and
particularly loan invalid. Wv. have had a very rough pan-
sage, Ihe caliiii very ofleii all iilloal, while I have been
several tiiins coiii|il< tely dreiiehi d. In addilimi lo this,
we have lain piir-ned by a (''renchman, and kepi in
a eonstiinl stale of alarm and ngitalion ; and now. In
nil lid Hie niatli r, I am writing you at a kind uf naval
t.ivern, while all around me is ringing wilh Hie vocili'ra-
tion of larpanlins, Hie lioarsi' bawling of sea oallis, and
the rallling of Hie dice bov. Ilowiver, I Mailer inyfelf
I have iieeived eoiisidcruble bi nelit from the Miyngc,
tiilioiis and disgusting and vexalions as il has Urn,
Thank I iod, my ileal' tt'llow, llial you have nolhing Itk
do wilh leilions, lirisoine, semi-savages, who liuve no
idea of the value of time wliulsoewr, and who will dis-
pute even iiioie keenly ahoiil a mailer of no iiii|Hirlancu
wlialsiH ver, than one thai ilisi rved Hie highcsl ei'iisider-
alioii. Nol knowing win re lo Ugiii or where (o end, F
have said niilhing of my pn vious ramlilcs mid Iraverscn
in .Mysore, or elsewhere ; of course, if iiolmdy has heard
tVoiii me III all, all my proceedings iniisl be eoinplctely it
riddle, Hill I big and lei|iiesl you locolisider, Hint alt lliiN
11 is iilli riy oiil of my power lo pn vent, if nobody what.
soe\er w ill eoiidiM i ml to l.ike Hie lionblc of wriling iiic j
liir how , in the iiaiiie of Hie great i leriial di vil, is il nos.
kiblu for ine to divine which uf my Mli.'M> arrive at liitir
:ii^fe#:>r'^'^
":.'tvnAVvU\ ■..,,.''i».
■^'■A^ ;•.'!'' ' :' ''?>'
• i It'll i'<.'S ,■ ■ . 1 „
- JS'iiv, ,, ■ V ''t
■ * V- '{ ♦ .' t \ '«.C* I
;li('#;:"^^:^'?|'
vK-
■ ^, ■
>':!l'iji» .
K
■ *'i''
" lr.
S'V
', A
318
BIOGRAPHICAL ilIEMOIU OF JOHN LEYDG^T.
'•?'■. :
dcstinalioii, niiil wliidi do not ? I have now deaijatched
for Kiiro|ie exactly litly-scvin It'tlers. I had intended to
make a dead jiaiHP allcr the fil'tirth, tor at least a couple
ot' years, anil wrote Erskinc to that eftcct; when he in-
tiirnu'd nie in rolinn, that lie had the utmost reason to
tliink nobody had ever heard from me at all, not only
liiiice I arrived in India, but lor some time bel'ore Icav-
in;r I,oiidon. I'tlerly amazed, astonished, and eonlbund-
ed at this, I have resolved to write out the liundred com-
plete ; and if none of my centenary brings inc an answer,
why then larowell, till \vc meet in cither heaven or liell!
I write no more, except in crookbacked characters, and
this I swear by all petty oaths that arc not dangerous.
" Now, my friend, the situation in which I am placed
by this must pestiferous silence is extremely odd and
perplexin^f. I am actually afraid to enciuire lor any
body, le: 1 it should turn out that they have for a lonjf
time l.eeii i/irti/, ilnniiirj, and slniin/litril. It is all in
vain that I search for every obituary, and peruse it with
llie utmo^l care, anxiety, and terror. There arc many
of you (rood Scotch folks that love to slij) slily out of the
World, like a kuo'less thread, without ever getting- into
any obituary at all, and, besides it is always very nearly
a couple of years liefore any review, magi'zine, or obi-
tuary, reaches the rcmoli', and almost inaccessible rc-
f;ions in which my lot has been long cast. To remedy
a few of these inconveniences, I propose taking a short
lri|) to Ilengal, ius foou as I have seen how the climate
of Piiloo Pcnang agrees with my health, and, as in that
re^'idu they are generally belter informed with regard to
all iMiropean matters, and better provided with reviews,
nnau/.inrs, and newspapers, I shall probably be able to
iliicover that a good many of j-ou liave gone ' to king-
il.iiii eniue,' since I bade adieu to ' Auld licekie.' Hut
lUilliinks I see you, with your confounded black beard
bull ni'ck, and upper lip turned Uj) to your nose, while
.lue of your eyebrows is corked up perjH iidicularly, and
the other forms pretty well the base of a right-angled
tri.uigle, opening your gr<'at glotting eyes, and crying,
' Hill, I-eyden ! ! : ! tell mc— ! what the' devil you have
been iloiiig all this time ! I— eh ! I' 'Why, H.illantyne,
d'ye .■;('(■, mark anil observe and take heed — as you arc a
good H'tlow, and don't spout secrets in public (ilaees, I
trust I can give you satisfaction safely.'
" When 1 arrived in .'Madras, I firntofall reconnoitred
my ground, wiicu I pcrci ived that the public men fell
naturally into two divisions. The mercantile party,
consisting chiefly of men of old standing, ver-' d in
trade, and inspired with a spirit in no rcsju et superior
to tlii.t of the most pitiful petifogging pedler, nor in
their views a whit more enlarged; in short, men whose
soil' oerupnilon is to make money, and who have no
name fir such phrases as national honour, public spirit,
or p.itriotisin ; men, in short, who would sell their own
lionour, <ir their country's credit, to the highest hiilder,
wilhout a shadow of scruple. What is more unfor-
liaale, this is the party tliat st mds highest in credit
with the East India Company. 'I'lierc is another parly,
for whom I am more at a lo-^s to fnid an e|iilhet. 'i'hey
cumol with propriety be termed the anti-mercantile
parly, as they have the interests of our national eom-
meree more at heart than the others; but they have dis-
C'vered that we arc not merely merchants in India, but
legi-'lalors and governors; and they assert, that our
conduct there ought to be calculated for sLibility and sc-
ciirlly, anil equally marked by a wise internal aihninis-
Ir.ilion of jn.tiee, llnancial ami polilicil economv, and
by a vi:ril;'.nt, linn, and sicaily system of extern il poli-
ties. 'I'hi-i class is re|)resenled by the fir.<l, as oidy ac
tualed by the spirit of innovation, and tending to (em-
broil us everywhere in India. It.s miinbcrs consist of
men of the lirst abilities, as well as principles, that have
been draughted from the <'omnion professional routine,
foi dillienlt or dingcrons [crviee. 1 fancy this division
applies as nmili lo llonihay and Hengal ns lo !\I:iilras.
As tol'ie members of my own profission, I foimd lliem
in a Ktate of complete depression; so much so, Ihat the
commmder in chief h;ul assumed all the powers of the
.Medical Hoaril, over whom a co\irt martial was at thai
very time impending. The juedical lino had Ikcu, from
lime inmiemorl.il, shut out from every appointmenl, ex-
cept prollssional, and the emohuuents of these had been
greatly diminished just before niv arrival. In this situa-
tion I Ibnnil it very diRienll at hrsi what to resolve on.
I saw eliiirly thai lliere were only two routes in n |Hr-
son's ehoiee ; lirl, to sink into ii mere professional
drudge, iind, bv ■'Irii't economy, endeavour lo <ollect n
few lliousaud poiirids in the course of Iwenly years; or,
lecondly, lo aspire a lillle beyond il, and by a sU|ii'rior
knowledge of India, its laws, relations, |H)lilics, mid Ian-
^'ungcn, tueluini u hiluittioii lioincwtmt more rcopuctablr,
in addition to those of the Hue itself You know, when
I letl Scotland, I had deternnncd, at all events, to be
come a furious oricntallsl, )iMii/«i scciiiidiis, but 1 was
not aware of the diHiculty. I found the expcn.sc of na-
tive teachers would prove almost insurmonntible to a
mere assistant surgeon, whose pay is seldom cqu.il to his
absolutely necessary expenses ; and, besides, that it was
necessary to form a library of BISS. nt a most terrible
expense, in every language to which I should apply, if I
intended to proceed beyond a mere smattering. Artcr
much consideration, I determined on this plan at all
events, and was fortunate enough, in a few months, to
secure an appointment, which lurnishcd me with the
meuUK of doing so, though the ta.«ks.and exertions it
ini|>oscd on me were a good del more arduous than the
connnon duties of a surgeon even in a .Alahratta cam-
paign. I was appointed medical assistintto the .Mysore
Survey, and at tlie same time directi d to carry on en-
quiries concerning the natural history of the country,
and the manners and languages, &.K, of the natives of
Mysore. This, you would iunigine, was the very situa-
tion I wished fur ; and so it would, had I |>rcviously had
time to acquire the country languages. Hut I Iiad tliem
now to acquire after severe marches and countermarches
in the heat of the sun, night marches and <lay marches,
and amid the disgusting details of a field liospital, the
duties of which were considerably arduous. However, 1
wrought incessantly and steadily, and without being dis-
couraged by any kind of ditlii ulfy, till iny heallh abso-
lutely gave w.ay, and when I could keep the field no
longer, I wrought on my couch, as I generally do still,
though I am nmcli better than I have l)cen. As I had
the assistance of no intelligent European, I was oMIjji il
long to gro|H' my way ; but I have now acquired a pretty
correer idea of India in all its departments, which in-
creases in geometrical progression as I advance In the
languages. The languages thai have attracted my atten-
tion .since my arrival have been Ar.hic, IVrsic, lllndos-
taui, .Alahratla, Tamal, Telinga, Canara, Sanscrit, Ma-
layal im, .Mala}-, and Armenian. Vou will be ready to
ask, where the devil I picked tip these hard names, but
I assure you it is infinitely more dilfieult to pick up the
l.mguages theniselves; several of which inebide diilccts
as dirt'erent from each other as French or Italian from
Spanish or Portuguese; and in all these, I flatter myself
I have made considerable progress. What would you
say were I to add the IMaldivian and !\Iapella languages
to these ? IK'sides, I have <lc<'iphcred the iiucriptions of
.M ivalipoorani, which were written in an ancient Canara
chaiacter, which had hitherto defied all atfempls at un-
der.-l.'indiug il, and also scvcrnl /<i;i/« Lipid inseri|itions,
which is an ancient Tamal diilcct and eli.iracter, in ad-
dition to the .lewish tablets of Cochin, which were in
the nncient .Malayalam, generally termed i\Ialali;.r. I
enter into these details merely to show you tliat I have
not been iiMc, anil that my time has neither been dissi-
pated, nor devoid of iil.in, lliongli that plan is not snlfi-
eienlly nnfoldrd. To what I have told you of, you arc
to add consl.Liit and necessary exposure to the sun,
danfjis and dews from the jungles, and putrid exhalation
of marshes, lielijre Iliad hem properly accustomed to
the climate, cnn.stant rambling in the liaunis of tigers,
Icoparib', be.irs, and serpents o.' thirty or tiirly teel long,
tha' make nothing of swallowing a hulfalo, by way ol
d.'inoiislraliiig tlnir appelite in a morning, together
with smaller and more d:ingcrou.' snakes, whose haunts
are perilous, anil bite deadly ; .iml von have a f.iini idea
of a sifu:;tion, in which, with heallli, I livi d ns h.ippy as
the ilav was long. It was on. isinually diversified willi
rapid jiiunt.i of a hundred miles or so, as last as horses
or henrers could carry me, by niyht or day, swiinming
through rivers, afloat in an old br iss kettle at midnight I
Oil could II tl yon ndvcnlnre.'^ fi f.nfrivi.l the wlleh of
lOndof, or any wilih that ever swam in itrg shell or
sieve ; hut yon would undouhle'lly i)na|,'ine I wauled to
impose on yon were I to n laic what I have seen and
passed through. No I I certainly shall never repent if
having eome to India. It h;is awakciu d cm ri;ies in me
thai I M'areely iinnirined I possrs:-ed, llioiigh I eimlil
gnaw my livinir nails with pure vexation to think how
much 1 have Ih'cii llniarteii by indisposilion. 11', how-
er, I get over it, I shall think the hclti'r of my eonsfi-
tiilion as long as I liv It is not every eonslilntien that
can resist tl ombi; d attack id' liver, spleen, blomly
lliix, and jiinnle fever, which i.< very much akin to Ihe
plague of' llirypl, and yellow liver of America. It is
true, I have been live times (.'iven up by tin morf skilful
physieians in these parts ; but in tpite of that, I am
firmly convinced that ' my iloom is not to die this nay,'
and thnf you shall sec mc emerge from this tribulation
like gold puriliLil by tlio Cue ; and wlicii that liapjicii:-,
egad I may boast that I have been refined bv tin. n,,,
same menstruum foo, even the universal solvent mercurv
which is almost the only cure for the liver, tlioimji'j
have been obliged to try another, and make an issup i
my right side. Now pray, my dear Ballantyiic, if (|),'I
ever coincB to hand, instantly sit down, and wrile ^ic
letter a mile long, and tell me of all our common friend- I
and if you see an^- of them that have the least spark i'
friendly recollection, assure them how vexations tjr'
silence is, and how very unjust, if they have received inv
letters ; and, lest I should forget, I shall add, tliat vn
must direct to me, to the care of Messrs. Hinnif ml
Dennison, Madras, who are my agents, and gciicralr
know in what part of this hemisphere I am to lie fouuj
Hut, particularly, you are to commend nic kindly to your
good motherly mother, and tell her I wish I sa«' i,,,
olUncr, and then to your brother Alexander, and rcnue-i
him sometimes, on a Saturday night, precisely at ciiili
o'clock, for my sake to play 'Gingling Johnnie' on lii
flageolet. If I had you both in my tcnf, you shouM
drink yourselves drunk with wine of Shiraz, wliith <
our eastern Falcrnian, in honour of Hafez, our Pi-rsan
.\nacreoii. As t'or mc, I ollcn drink your lienllli u,
wilier, (ohon a ree !) having long abandoned both wir.o
and animal food, not from choice, but dire ncoesiiv
.■\dieu, <lcar Hallanlyne, and believe inc, in the .Malaj
isle, to be ever yours sincerely,
JolIX I.F.vnEX."
Lcyden became soon reconciled to Puloo Penaiii; \,,
Prince of Wales Island), where he found many valualilc
friends, and enjoyed the regard of the late Pliilip ])„„,
das, Esq. tlien governor of the island. He resided j.i |
that island t'or some time, and visited Achi, with sonit
other places on the coasts of Sumatra and the iMalava
peninsula. Here he amassed the curious infiiriuaiinn I
eoneerniiig the language, literature, and descnil n( [k
Indi-Chiiicsc tribes, vvliieh afterwards enabled Ifm to
lay before tht; Asiatic Society at Cnleulta a most vilii.
able dissertation on so obscure a subject. Yet that lii
heart was sad, and his spirits depressed, is evident I'rrM .
th(! following lines, written for New Year's Day, iMiti, I
and which appeared in the Government Gazette of Prirc I
of Wales Island :— " '
Malay's woods and mountains ring
With voices strange and sad to hear.
And dark unbodied spirits sing
The dirge of the departed year.
Lo I now, metliinks, in tones sublime,
As viewless o'er our heads they bend.
They whisper, " Thus we steal your time.
Weak mortals, till your days shall end."
Then wake the dance, and wake the song,
Kesound the fi stive mirth and glee;
Alas I the d lys have pass'd along,
The days we never more shall sec.
But let me brush the niirblly dews,
Hesidc the shell-dcpainted shore,
And mid the sca-wccd sit to muse.
On days that shall return no more.
Olivi.i, ah I forgive the bard,
If sprightly strains alone arc dear;
His notes are sad, for he has heard
The footsteps of the parting year.
.'\Iiil friends of youth beloved in vain,
Ol> have I Imil'd the jocund day ,
If pleasure broiigbt a llioiight of pain,
I charin'd it with a passing lay.
riiei'<lM of my yoiit'i llir eyrr dear.
Where are you from this bosom tied ?
A loni ly man I linger here,
I.il ( " I. t has been long lime dead.
Forciloo.:,'.; to seek nn early tomb.
For whom Ihe pallid grave-flowers b''iw i
I h.islen on my destined doom,
Anil .'tcrnly mock ntjoy or woe I
In IHflCi be took leave of I'eiinng, rct,ritlid liy nianvj
'riends, wliiim hisniinfrii iliis amused, his laleiitwiiT
lighleni il, and bisvirtncH coin dialled. Mis rrei'plioiiMl
Cnlenlla, and flu i fl'eet which he prodncid ii|k'!i rncifljl
there, are ho aihnirahly ilhislrated by his iiii;i'niiiii» irnJl
will-kiiown eonnlryman, GcnernI Sir .lohn .Miiknliii,tl»l|
il \\'ouId he impossible to present a more living |iii'tiiri-f
if his mnmiers niiil mind ; and the reader will junM
lonie repetition, (iir the sake of olnerviug linw Ilii'ssiJ'!
iiidiudual wtui re|,'itrdcU in twu diutaiit hcinisiilmu'
TO THE KDI
u jJir,— I enclose
[ ii.it lliey derive f
,„rlliy Imt sinceri
I ;,jariied with sent
'Scifc loss 1 regret
I nil! ri'inain with tl
J.., la do justice to
k-,(iiv tliiit he rose, I
iv- liumbk'st origin
litcary world. His i
J o:'liiiiii''i" science, ai
I ol' all. 'I'lic greale
I sli.mii ill his acqu
I {jaji'.i. He exhibite
-laciniriiig thoin, h
I K lion with each ot
lilli Ilia taste and ge
I ty,\fct, from what
1, jM, if he liad liv
iMi the more nbstri
I 1,1 tills curious, but i
lijpe lo sec his equal
» Dr. Lcyden bad
I Ik iiiiiscs, with a su
I Ihil poetry did not o
J Tlio first of his ess
I firm, was T/ie Srenri
] iiiiicli lie sung, in nt
I hi« native mountain
I contributed several :
I pociiis e.illed the ilfiw
I \k imhlislied with his
I the .Ucrmaid is ccrtai
j fluwii all the creative
I « Ihe Death of Nelso
1 [wlical effusions tha
I to India. The follow
I kn lias a sublimity
I pro.ssion, which never
I Iri'.p |ioel : —
' Blood of the bi
-Viiiid the wast
The lido that r
Shall proudly I
' .\iid thou shall
To foster valiiii
The generous f
And liosts of 1r
" Il is pleasing lo fi
lnjivod eminent geniiii
I ml and intrinsic quali
I i.ciT to the human
1 1. idea were uncourtl
|tl:on of the vices ton j
liail a wish (indulged t
1 1: a marked distance
I nine of the rules of
I liiknif;, his voice was
I lull, ami he spoke in tl
I foant.'y ; it cannot \k
f mi'orination and
liiiuald Ik f'elt by u nun
i;' not oppressive. Hut
j ivy were great) the a
I tl lias always held bj
I '/li'Mes, became gcnei
1 1:» ;.', 'Veil, who could
I kr.ii',(leili;e, loved his
Ituislud liy his hwo of 1
Ipiaihiee, his ardent 1
1 J liMii iiibi any licen
I "n pulitieal Biibjeets.
I «J.< raised by liie lib^^rl
|iiiil|iitr.ni i,ord Miiili
' o|ii)orliniily of shin
I lad a« ihlleiibly virtiio
I alios, as he w.is affen
I of morality and religion
I "Il is noteu.jy lo eoi
I Dr. Leydrn used in h
I toniiiieralile ardour w
I Dunni; hi.ii ,.ar|y resid
I npi^rlunity of obscrviii
• Crneral .Malcolm's
jl'lhoinemory of his fr
I wpirtmenl of the Edi
|F<Hxll,
DIOUKAPIIICAL MEMOIR OF JOHN LEYDEN.
309
incd hvthiMiry
solvent mercurv
liver, tlioii^iri
riiikc im issue in
lallantyne, jf n,,
and Wiitcnica
common friends;
llic leost spark of
I vexatious ihri,
liave received inv !
lU add, that you
ss-Ts. Hiiinic anil
tp, and generally
1 am to be found,
nic kindly to your I
wish I saw htr i
ander, and re(]uw 1
precit-ely at ci|!lii
§; Johiniie' on his i
lent, you slioiild
Sliiraz, which ij
lafcz, our Persian
k your lieallli m
idoned both »ir.o
ut dire neerssiiy.
nc, in the Maliy
John Leydex."
Puloo Penaiig t I
mA many valuable |
! late Pliilip Dun.
J. He resided m
Aclii, with some
I and the .Malaya
jrions inftirniaiinn I
ind descent of Ik I
Ih enabled Inn to I
:ntta a most viln. [
jcet. Yet that Ijis
[■d, is evident fn.ia
Year's Day. IMW, I
it Gazette of Prince I
".cr
J hear,
inie,
[v bend,
our time,
hall end."
the «nrg,
glee;
Veal';
V<1
kir.
tain,
I.V .
Ipain,
V tied ?
ic dead.
er.s b''iw ;
e^ntlid liy iiuail
.'d, his (iileiiti fiif
Ills riei'iinon.tl
lui'id n|K':ifiiCifl)|
Ills imrenimn "H^l
lohii .Miileoliii,tli:l|
living' I'lcliwl
raihr will |"t'''»l
(nu li""' llii'Mi^r
heini^lilicTtt
TO TUB KDITOR OF THE BO.MDAV COUUIKIl.
ai;jf I enclose some lines,* which have no vnliic Iml
rill llii'V <l>^rive I'roiii the subject. They arc an un-
„lliv but sincere tribute, to one v\'honi 1 have long
..;iriioil with sentiments of esteem and afteetion, ami
l",i-c loss 1 rejret with the most imfeijined sorrow. It
jlii' remain with those who arc better iiiialifiud than I
1 ,.,, to do justice to tlie memory of Dr. Leyden. 1 only
i^oivtliat 111' rose, by the [lower of native f;eiiiiis, from
111. liuinblo.st origin to a very distiiigiiisheil rank in tin
literary world. His studies iiicliided almost every branch
o'liuiiian science, and he was alike ardent in tlio pursuit
oi'all. ''"^ groati'st power of his mind was jierhaps
tlijivn ill liis acquisition of modern and aiiiuent Ian-
fjaire.s. He exhibited an unexampled facility, not merely
|.| aqiiirin.i; them, but in traciiijj their afTinity and con-
J. tiiiii with each other, and from that talent, combined
jjlh his taste and general knowledge, wo had a right to
osTOCt, from what he did in a very few years, that he
jv'ilil, if lie li^<l lived, have thrown the greatest light
iii»ii the more abstruse parLs of the history of the east.
lii this curious, but intricate and rugged path, we cannot
|,.[».. to see his equal.
"Dr. Leyden had, from his earliest years, cultivated
I liic iiiases, with a success wliieli will make many regret
thai poetry did not occupy a larger portion of liis time.
The lirst of his essays which appeared in a separate
I Cirin, was Tlie Scents of Infunry, a descriptive poem, in
ivI;k1i he sung, in no unplcasing strains, the charms of
I hi* native mountains and streams in Teviotdale. Hi
fnalributed several small pieccj to that collection of
pcin!< called the Minalrelsy nf Ihr Siollisli liordtr, which
I in |iiihlislied with his friend, Walter Scott. Among these,
I ihf Uerinaid is certainly the mo.st beautiful. In it he has
I flmwa all the creative fancy of a real genius. His Orle
t the Death nf Nelson is, undoubtedly, the best of those
I fwlicil effusions that he has published since he came
m India. The following apostrophe to the blood of that
I horo has a sublimity of thought, and happiness of ex
I prfisiim, which never could have been attained but by a
I trap pool : —
■ niuod of the brave, thou art not lost,
Amid the waste of waters blue ;
The tide that rolls to Albion's coast
Shall proudly boast its sanguine hue i
' And thou shall be the vernal dew
To foiitrr valour's daring seed ;
The generous plant shall still its s'ock renew.
And hosts of heroes rise when one shall bleed.'
' It is pleasing to find liim, on whom nature has be
I iijivfd eminent genius, possessed of those more essen
I (111 111(1 intrinsic qualities which give the truest e.veel-
I lenoo to the human character. 'I'lic mniiners of Dr.
ILvden were uncourtly, more |H-rliaps from his detest-
I tlion of the vices ton generally attenilant iiii refiiieiiu.nt,
I liid a wish (indulged to excess from his youth) to keep
li;aaiurked distance from them, than from any igno.
j iimo of the rules of good breeding. He was t'ond of
Italkiiij;, his voice was loud, and had little or no modiila
lli.ii, anil he spoke in the provincial dialect of his nativ
I naulry ; it cannot lie surprising, therefore, that even
knowledge, when so conveyed.
\kf information and
I ihouM be felt by u number of his hearers as unpleasant,
I if not oppressive. Hut with all these disadvaiitngCB (and
I IKV wore great) tho admiration and esteem in which
I he was always held by thoso who could appreeiiito his
I nuilllics, became general wherever ho was long known ;
I tuy, even, who could not under.stand the value of his
I biwlcdi;e, loved his virtues. Though he was distin.
I ([uiihed by his hive of liberty, and almost haughty indc-
Ipdrnee, his ardent I'eeliiigs and proud genius never
I ill him into any licentious or extravagant siM'culation
|rapiilitieal subjects. lie never soliflled favour, hut he
1 «n raised bv tiie liberal diseerument of his noble friend
lind|utrna t.ord Mintn, to situations that aft'orded liin
I ui opiHirtimily of showing that he was as Kcnipulous
[•.idiii iiiller.ibly virtuous in the discharge of his public
I ilalio«, as he w.is attentive ill private life to the duties
I of morality and religion.
' II is not ea.iy to convey an idea of tho method which
Dr. Leyden used in his studies, or to descriln' the uii-
conqueralile ardour witl. which these were pursued.
I Durini; his early residence n India, I had a particular
Upporlunily of observing Imlli. When ho reati n lesson
in Persian, a person near him, whom he had taught,
wrote down each word on a long slip of paper, which
ivas afterwards divided into as many pieces a.s there
were word.;, and pasted in iilpliabetieal order, under dif-
lirent heads of verbs, nouns, \.c. into a blank book that
loriiied u vocabulary of each d.iy's les.son. All this
he hail in a lew hours iii.>trntted a very ignorant native
to do ; and tlii.s man ho u.sed, in his broad accent, to
call ' one id' his iiKcliaiiieal aids.' He was so ill at ."My-
sore, .soon after his arrival from England, that I\tr. Aii-
der.-iou, the surgeon w ho attended him, dci-paired of his
life; hut though all his friends eudeavoiired at this pe-
riod to prevail upuii him to relax in his ap|<lieatiun to
study, it was in vain. lie used, when unable to .sit up-
right, to prop himself up with pillows, and continue his
tr.inslaliiMis. One day that I was sitting by his bedside
the surgeon came in. ' I am glad you are here,' said
.Air. Anderson, addressing himself to ine, ' you will be
able to persuade Leyden to attend to my advice. I have
told hiiii before, and new I repeat, that he will die if he
does not leave olf his studies and remain qnii t.' ' Very
well, doctor,' exclaimed Leyden, 'you have done your
duty, but you must now hear me ; / rmiiiot lie idlr, and
whether I die or live, the wheel must go round till the
List;' and he uetnally conlinued, under tlie depression of
a fever and a liver conipLiint, to study more than ten
hours each day.
" The ti.'iiiper of Dr. Ijcyden was mild and generous,
and he eoiild bear, with pcrl'ect good humour, raillery
on his f lihles. When he arrived at Calcutta in 1S05, 1
was most solicitous regarding his reception in the so-
ciety of the Indian capital. ' I entreat you, my dear
friend, (I said to him the day he landed,) to be careful of
the impression you make on your entering this commu-
nity ; for God's sake, learn a little Knglish, and be silent
upon literary subjecLs, except among literary men.'
' I.earn Knglish 1' lie cxelaimcd, ' no, never ; it was trying
to learn that language that spoilt my Scotch ; and as to
being siUnt, I will promise to hold my tongue, if you will
make fools hold thcir.s.'
" His memory was most tenacious, and he sometimes
loaded it w itii lumber. When he was at Mysore, an ar-
gument occurred upon a point of English history ; it
was agreed to refer it to Leyden, and, to the astonish-
ment of all parties, he repeated verbatim the wliolo of
an act of parliament in tho reign of James relative to
Ireland, which decided the point in dispute. On being
asked how he cinio to charge his memory with such
extraordinary matter, he said that several years before,
when he was writing on the changes that had taken
place ill tlic I'nglisli language, this act was one of the
documents to which lie had retrred as a spceimen of the
style of that age, and that ho had retained every word in
his memory.
"His love tiftlic place of his n.itivily was a passion in
wliieli he had always a pride, and which in India he
cherished with the fondest entliusiasin. I once went to
see him when lie was very ill, and had been confined to
his lied lor many days ; there were several genllcmen
in the room ; he enquired if I had any news; 1 told him
I had n letter from Eskdale. ' And what are they about
in the borders I' he asked. ' A curious cireiini:.taiiee,' I
replied, 'is stated in my letter;' and I road him a pas-
sage wliieli described the coiidnet of our volunteers on
a tiro being kindled by mistake at one of the beacons.
This letter mentioned that the moment the Idaze which
was the signal of invasion, was seen, the ninuiitaiiieers
liaKlened to their rendezvous, and those of Liddesdale
swam the Liddle river to reach it. They were assembled
(though several of their houses were at a distance of six
and Fcven miles) in two hours, and at break of day
llie party marclierl into the town of Hawick (at a distance
' General Malcolm's elegi nt and ufTcctionnto tribute
1 1) Ihr memory nf his friend i ■ to be fiiiind in the poelienl
f'pirlmfnl of the Edinburgh Annual RegiMer, tor I he
nf twenty miles from the plaee of assembly) to the Horder
tune of ' II lid (tar ineilille in' iiir.'* Leydeu's eouiite.
naiiee heeaiiie aniinated as I proceeded with this detail,
and at its close he sprung t'rom his sick bed, nnd, with
strnnge melody, nnd still stranger gesticulations, sung
aloud, ' IWir; r/iir meddle t;i' Hie, u-i'iu dur meddle hi' i;ir
Several of those who witl. est ed this scene looked at him
as one that wa.'i raving in the delirium of n ti ver.
"These anecdotes will display mote fully than any
description I can give, the lesser shades nf the character
• This lively tune has lietn called lliu (lathering of
Hie Elliot.--, n clan now and formerly very numerous in
the diOriet of I.iildi ."dale. 'I'lie hurthen is ;
Wlin dnr meddle wi' me,
And wlia dnr meddle wi' inc ;
I'or my name it is I.itlh' .lock Elliot,
.\nil wlia d.ir meddle wi' me '
of this extraordinary man. An exti iiial manner, cer-
tainly not agiieable, and a disposition to rgotism, weru
his only deieets. How trivial do these appear, at a iiio-
meiil when we are lamenting the loss of such a raro
coinliinaiion oi' virtues, learning, and genius, as weru
concciitiated in the late Dr. Leyden I
" .Toils !\Iai.( oi.m."
We have lillle to odd to Sir .Tohii Malcolm's luminous
and cliaracteristic sketch. The cllicient and active
palronago of Lord iMinto, liiniself a man of lellers, a
poet, and a native of Tevioldale, was of the most es.sej!.
tial importance to Leyden, and no less honourabh' to tho
governor-general. Leydeu's lirst appointment as a pro-
tcs.sor in the liengal College might appear the .sort of
promotion best suited to his studies, lint was soon ex-
changed lor that of a judge of the twenty-roiir riirgnn-
nails of Calcutta. In this capacity he had a charge of
police, which "jumped with his hiiniour well ;" li.r the
task of pursuing and dispersing the bands of rrilibers
who infest Dengal had something of active and military
duty. He also e.verei.sed a judicial enpaeily aiiiong the
n;;lives, to the discharge of which he was admirably filled,
by his knowledge of their language, manners, and ens-
toins. To this ofiiee a very considerable yearly iiieomc
was annexed. This was neither expended in siiperliui-
tics, nor even in those ordinary expenses whii h the
Hishion of the east has pronounced indispensable; li.r Dr.
Leyden kept no establishment, gave no entertainnu lit.'-',
and was, with the receipt of this revenue, the very same
simple, frugal, and temperate student, which he had
been at Edinburgh. Hut, exehisivc of a portion remitted
home for the most honourable and ]iioiis piir|>ose, his
income was devoted to the pursuit which engaged his
whole soul, — to the increase, namely, of his aei|uaintance
with eii^tern literature in all it.s branihes. The expense
of native teachers, of every country and dialect, and lliat
of procuring from every quarter oriental maiuiseripts,
engrossed his whole cinolumente, as the task of studying
under the tuition of the interpreters, and deey phering the
contents of tho volumes, occupied every moment ot' his
spare time. " I may die in the attempt," lie writes to a
friend ; " but if I die w ithout surpassing Sir William
Jones a hundred fold in Oriental learning, li t never a
tear for me profane the eye of a Horderer." The
term was soon approaching when these regrets were to
lie bitterly called forth, both from his Scottish friends,
and from all who viewed with interest the career of his
ardent and entliusiastic ginius, which, despising every
selfish consideration, was only eager to secure the fruits
of knowledge, and held for sufficient reward the fume of
having gathered them.
It is the more necessary to rceowl thesr facts, as in
a newspaiicr paragraph, apparently drawn op by some
personal enemy of Leydi n, whose eninity diatli could
not silence, his leaving England was imputed to a de-
sire of money, from which no man was ever more fice
than John Loyden. To his spirit of disinteri.^td indc-
pendenee, Lord Minto, who possiR.Bed the best opportuni-
ties of judging, liiirc a splendid testimony, in a speech
delivered at a public visitation of the college of I'ort Wil-
liam, soon artcr Ley<leji'8 deatlu
No man," said Jiis lordship, "whatever his condilion
inight 1k', ever possessed a ii.ind so entirely exempt
from every sordid passion, so negligent of fortune, and
all its grovelling pursuits — in a word, so entirely disin-
leresttd — nor ever owned a spirit more firinly and nobly
indepenilent. I speak of tlicfc things with some know-
h'dge, and wish to record a eonipele nt tesliniony to the
fact, (hat williin my experience. Dr. Leyden never, in
any instance, solieite'd an eibjeet of personal interest,
neir, as I believe, ever interrupted his higher pursnils,
to waste a moment's thought on these minor cares.
Whatever trust or advaneenient may at ieinie pe riods
have iiii(iroved his personal situation, have been, without
exception, tendercel, nnd in n manner thrust npi.ii his
aeeeplance, nnsolieited, uneoiitem|,lated, and muxpe eteil.
To this exemption from cupidilVi was allied everv
gi'iicrniiK virtue worthy of those smiles of liirUme. whieli
he iliselalned to court ; unel amongst many cstiniablr
features nf his character, an ardent love of justiio, and a
vehement abhorrence of oppression, were not less pro-
miiient than the other high qualities I have nlre'iiely de-
scribed." — I'oelirul l^eiiiniiis, p. Ix.viv.
•Dr. Levdeii aeiompnnieel (lie governor.penernl upon
llie expedition to Java, for the' purpose of inveslignling
Ilie manners, language, and literature ol Ilii tribes which
inhabit thai island, and partly al»o In eaure it was tlioiigl.t
hia r.^tensive knowledge of the ravlern dialeets and eiii-
Inms might he useful In settling the gove rnminl of ll.i
iiiiintrv, or in eomminiie.iliiip wilh the it,eli pi nili ut
; ;;^'^<'M'iV'U- "
i
M:l|
■i
1^^
m
0.
310
BKXJRAPHirAL ME.HOin OF JOHN I^EYDEN.
M
im!}}
i'j
^^^■•i:
id-.,;:;:
«!itl
princes in the neiirliboiirhot)(l ni' the Diilih Kcttlrmcnt;
His spirit ofroiiiaiitieii(lviiiliiri' led him htcnilly tn rush
npnn iliMth ; for, with an'ithir vuhmliir wlio atti'iulcd
the exiiodilioii, ho tiirciv hiiiisf If iiilu the siii I", ill oriUr
to be the lirst Hrilon of the expulilioii who i-lioiiM sit
foot ii;m)u Jiivn. When tlie HtU'Pi'sH of the well-eoiiccrled
movements of the invaders hiul »ri\('n lliem possession
of the town of Malavia, fieyden displayed the same ill-
omened |irecipitalioii, in his haste to examine a library
or rather a warehouse of books, in wliieli many Iiuhai
inannseripts of value were said to be deposited. A library,
ill a Udlcli sclllenienl, was not, as ini^^ht have been
expected, in the best order ; the aparlnient had not been
reifiilarly ventilated, and, either from this eireniiistante,
or already atfocted by the liital sickness peculiar to 11a.
tavia, Leydon, when he lell the place, had a fit of sli'
criiifj, and declared the atmosphere was enout;li to -live
nny mortal a fever. 'I'he presap;e was too just; he look
liis bed, and died in three days, on the eve of the battle
which pave Java to the liritish empire.
Tlins died John I-eyden, in a moment, perhaps, most
calculated to graliiy liie feeliiijrs wiiich were dear to his
heart; upon the very day of military jrlory, and wliei
every avenue of now and interesting diseoviTy was open
I'd to his penelratinpf research. In the emphatic w ijrds
of seripture, the Ih)w1 was broken at the fountain. His
literary property was intrusted by his Inst will to th<
charire of Mr. llelxir, and his early and constant friend
Mr. \Villiam Krskino of Caleiilla, his executors, under
whose insprcliou his |)oelieal remains were fjiven to the
public in IHil, with a .Memoir of his liil'e by the Kev.
Robert .Mortoii: a frieuil and relation of the deceased poet
Acipiieseinir in the sentinienl by which it is introduced
it is not easy to resist traiLseribiiift from that piece of
biograpliy the followini; aHectinij passaifc:
"The wriler cannot liere resist his desire to relate an
anecdote of Ijcyden's lather, who, Ihousrh in a humble
walk of life, is ennobled by the possession of an iiiteUi-
pent mind, and has all that just pride w liieli characterises
the industrious and virtuous class of Seoltisli peasantry to
which he belongs. Two years niro, when Sir John .Mai
colin visited the seat of Lord Minto, in Koxburghshire,
lie requested that John fieyden, who was cmployecl in the
vicinity, niic;ht lie sent for, as ho wished to s|)cak with
liiin. He came alVr tho labour of the day was finished,
and, though his feelings were much agitated, he appeareil
rejoiced to sec one who he knew had cherished sosinrere
a regard for his son. In the course of the conversation
which look place oil this oce^ision, (Sir J. iMalcolm, nl\er
mentioning his regret at the unavoidable delays which
had occurred in realising the little pro|)erly that had been
lotl, said he was authorised by Air. Ileber (to whom a'
Leydcn's Knglish manuseri|)ts had been becpiealhed) to
nay, that siieli as wore likely to produce a profit should
be published ns soon as iM)ssiblo, for the benefit of the
family. ' Sir,' said the old man with animation, and with
tears in his eyes, '(imi blessed me with a son, who, had
he been spared, wouliHiave been an honour to his country
As it is, I b<'g of .Mr. Heber, in any publication he may
intend, to think more of his memory than my wants,
The money you speak of would be a great comllirt to me
in my old age ; hut thanks to the .Minighty, I have good
health, and can still earn my livelihood ; and 1 pmy there
tore of you and .Mr. Heber to pnblisli notiiin^ that in not
for my son's good lame,'"
Since that pi riod the Commnilnrirs (if liiihcr, trans.
fated from the Tiirki language, chielly by Dr. Leydeii
Qiul eomph tod by his friend iiiid eveeiilor, William I'.rs
kine, were published, in WiC>, liir the advantage of Air.
I.eyden, senior. It is a work of great inlerest to those
wliii hnejlio sUidy of Indian aiitiipiilies, being the auto,
biography of oil" of the Mogul Mmperors of llindiisian,
who, like Cii'sar, recorded bis own i oncpiosts, but, more
comniimicative than the koman, deseonded to record his
amusements, ns will as to relate deeds of pidiev and aims
He recapitulates his drinking IhjiiIs, which wore, in spili
of Koran and I'ropliet, both deep ami freipient ; and the
whole tenor of tlii' history gives ns the singular picture
of a genuine Hultaii of the ancient Tart;ir descent, in his
Ktrongth and liin weakness, liis virtues, his tiillies, and his
crimes.
The rpinnins of .lohii Iieyden, honoured with evory
respc<:t by Lord .Minto, now repose in a distant land, llir
frinn the green-sod graves of his aneislors at llazeldean,
to whii'li, with a natural nntieipntion of such on event, he
bids an airooling farewell in the soU-iiili puamgo which
coneliidcs the Snnrt of Infnnry ;
Tlio silver moon, nf midnight cold and still,
Loolis, .lad and iiilont, o'er yon wenlerii hill ;
While largo and pabt the ghostly structures grow,
I!o;ir'd on the eonfuiosof the worhl below.
Is that dull sound Hie hum of Toviot's stream ?
Is thai blue light the moon's, or tonib-fire's gleam,
Ity which a mouldering pik' is f linlly seen.
The old deserloil eliureh of Ilazeldcin ;
Whore slept my fathers in their natal clay,
Till Tcviot's waters rolled their hones away?
'J'lioir feeble vuieos from the stream they raise, —
" Itasli youth 1 unmindful of thy early days.
Why <lidst thou ipiil the peasant's simple k)t?
Why didst thou leave the peasant's turf-bnilt cot,
The ancient graves, where all thy fathers lie.
And Toviot's stream, that long has murmured by ?
And we — when Death so long has closed our eyes,
Huw wilt thou bid ns from tlie dust arise.
And boar our mouldering bones across Hie main.
From vales, that kr.ow our lives devoid of slain '!
I'ash youth! beware, thy hoiue-bred virtues save,
And sweetly sleep in thy paternal gravel"
.SiK'li is tJie language of nature, moved by the kindly
as.sooiations of country and of kindred all'ections. Hut
llie best epitaph i.< the story of a lili' eiigiiged in the prac-
lioe of virtue and the pursuit of honourable knowledge ;
the best monument, the regret of the wortliy and of the
wise,
rriiln Uie Jliiistii-lsv of 111!; Siillisli Boidor— Eililcd by Sir Wa'.li r
S^coil.
THE MEIJ.IIAID.
nv J. 1.EVUE.V.
The follow ing poem is founded upon a Gaelic tradi
tional ballad, called Uliiepliail iif Culuiisuj/,und Ike Mcinuiitl
uf Vorrinelitii. The dangerous gulf of Corrivrckin lies
between the islands of Jura and Scarba, and the super-
slition of tho islanders has lonanted its shelves and eddies
with all the fabulous inonsters and demons of the ocean
.Among these, according to a niiivorsal tradition, the mer-
maid is the must remarkable. In her dwelling, and in
her appearance, the mermaid of the iiortliern nations re-
sembles the syren of the ancients. The appendages of a
comb and mirror arc probably of Celtic invention.
'i'he tiaelic story declares, that Macphail of Colonsay
was carried olf by a mermaid, while pa.ssiiig the gulf,
above mentioned : that they resided together, in a grotto
beneath the sea, for several years, during which time she
liore him five children: hut, linally, he tired of her so-
ciety, and, having prevailed upon her to carry him near
the shore of C'olonsay, he escaped to laud.
The inhabitants of the Isle ol Man have a number of
such stories, which may be found in Waldron. One
slates, that a very heautil'iil mermaid fell in love with a
young shepherd, who kept his flocks beside a creek, much
frequeuled by these marine people. She frequently ca-
resKod him, and brought him presents of coral, line pearls,
and every valuable production of tho ocean. Once upon
a time, as she threw her arms eagerly round him, he sus-
|iected her of a design to ihaw him into the sea, and,
struggling hard, disengaged himself from her embrace,
and ran away. Hut the mermaid resented either the sus-
picion, or the disappointment, so liighly, that she threw n
slone after liim, and llmig herself into the sea, wlionco
she never returned. The youth, though but slightly
struck with thi^ pebble, fell, from that moincnt, the most
I xcruc iaiing agony, and died at tlie end of seven days. —
Wiildiiiii's //'ihAm, p. 170.
.■\iiolher tradition of the same i.slnnd nflirinfi, that one
of lho5e amphibious dimsels was caught in a net, and
hrouglil to land, by some Ushers, who had spread a snare
fir the duii/.eiis of the o.'oaii. She was shaped like llie
most beaiililiil I'omale down to the waisi, I it below trailed
a \oliniiiiioiis lisli's tail, with spreading fms. .As she
would nrilher eat nor speak, (Ihoiigh they knew she bad
the poHcr of language,) they beeanio apprehensive that
till' Island would be visited with sonio strange calamily,
if she should (ho fir want of lisid ; and therelbre, on the
third night, they lolt the door open, that sliu might escape.
.\ioordingly, she diil not fail to embrace the upport unity ;
but gliding with incredible swiftness to the sea-side, slie
plimgiil horsi If into the waters, and was welcomed by a
number of her own spi oies, who wore heard to enipiire,
what she h.iil seen among the natives of the earth, ""No.
thing," she answered, " wonderful, except that they were
illy enoiigli to throw away the water, in which lliuy had
boiled their eggs."
Ciillins, in his notes upon the line,
" Aloiia, long hid from tlioso who sail tho main,"
explains it, by a similar ('eltie tradition. It seems, ii
iiiermaid had borome sn much charmed with a young
man, who walked upon llie beach, that nlie made love to
liim ; and, being rojccted with scorn, she cxcilid, |jv ,,„
chanlment, a mist, which long concealed the islaiii|iV„|
all navigators,
I must mention another monkish tradilion, Ijccj^j,,
being derived trom the common source of t'ellic ihviIk'
logy, they appear the most natural illuslratidns (iVt|,> I
llcbridoan tale. About lil'ly years before Waldron wm
to reside in Man, (for there were living wilnesvcij of Hi.
legend when he was upon the island,) a project was uii
dcrlakon, to fish treasures up from the deep, hv incnnscf I
a diving bill, A venturous fellow, accordingly, drsccnd
ed, and kept pulling for more rojic, till all they hail tij
lioard was expended. This must have been no smjU I
i|Uantity, for a skilful mathematician, who was onlmanl
judging from the proportion of line let down, ileilar,/
that the adventurer imist have descended at least innl'l
tho number of leagues, which the moon is coniiiiiu.u j,,
bo distant from the earth. At such a depth, woiiilfrs I
might be expected, and wonderful was the account gim
by the adveiilurer, when drawn u]ito the air,
" -After," said ho, " I had passed the region of (islic-, [
ik'scended into a pure (leinent, clear us the nir in llu
renesi and most unclouded day, through wliitji, j^ 1 1
passed, I saw the bottom of the watery world, iiavcduiii I
coral, anil a shining kind ol' pebbles, which gliliir,ii|
like tho sun-beams, rcllectcd on a glass, 1 loiwcij i, I
tread the delightful paths, and never felt more cxqiii>iio f
delight, than wlicnthc machine, I was inclosed in, j^razid I
upon il,
" On looking through the little windows of my pri«n I
I saw large streets and squares on every side, ornaiiiini. I
ed with huge pyramids of crystal, not inferior in liri|;li|.|
ness to the finest diamonds ; and the most beautiful builil
ing, not of stone, nor brick, but of mother-of pearl, and I
embos.sed in various figures, with shells of all colonrs. Tlicj
passage', which led to one of these magnificent apartments [
lioing open, 1 endeavoured, with my whole strcn(,i;i,iol
move my enclosure towards it; which I did, tlioujrh«iih|
irrcat dilUeully, and very slowly. At last, however, I p^l
ontraneo into a very spacious room, in tlic midst orHJiith'
stood a largo amber table, with several chairs rouml.ol'l
tlic same. The floor of it wn.s composed of rougliilij.r
monds, topazes, emeralds, rubies, and pearls. Here l|
doubted not but to make my voyage as profitable a? ii|
was pleasant; for, could I have brought with niclniia
few of these, they would have been of more valin llunl
all we could hope for in a thousand wrecks; bnt iIkv
were so closely wedged in, and so strongly ccmciilcdhvl
lime, that they wi re not to be unfastened. I saw ri urjl
chains, careanets, and rings, of all manner of prcciiiuil
stones, finely cut, and set after our manner; vbiclill
suppose had been the prize of tlic winds and waves: tins
were liangingloo.sely on the jasjicr walls, by strings madcl
of rushes, wliieh I might easily have taken down; but,!
as 1 had edged myself within half a foot reach of tliinij
I was unfortunately drawn back, through your wont oil
line. In my return, I saw several comely mprmfn,«nj|
iK'autifiil Victvinith, the inhabitants of this blissful rcilniT
sH iftly descending towords it ; but they secnicd frifblfill
at my appearance, and glided at a distance from iiu'.li.r
king me, no doubt, for some monstrous and ncw.crcaltd|
species." — Walilrnn, iliitlem.
It would be very easy to enlarge this introduction, bfl
quoting n variety of authors, concerning the supiioscilM.r
istenee of these marine people. The reader iiiny oonsulll
the Tillinmrd of M. IMaillet, who, in support of the NVp f
tunist's sysloiii of geology, has collected a variety nf !r-l
goods, respecting merinon and mermaids, p. QUO, el wifiim.l
.Mini' inliirmalion may also be derived from I'onloppi.r
dan's pyiitiiiul llislnry of IS'nrirni/, who fiiils not to jtfiM
pie her seas with this amphibious race.* An oldormi.f
Ihority is to be fiiinid in the A'Dngti .ttH/fff.oiu, or IImiII
-Mirror, written, as its believed, about 117(1. 'rhenitr-f
nun, there ineiilioned, are lernied hafxlramlmt i'n\
U'iants,) and are said to have the up|)er jinrls resriblinfl
the huniaii race ; hut the author, witli lH>coniing(liffiili'nff,f
deolinos to stale |)osilivoly, whether they are eiiuippcdl
w ith a dolphin's tail. The female mnnster is calld m«r.I
'jij'jit (sea-giantess), and is averred, certainly, to driiinl
fish's train. She appears, generally. In Ihc ait of divoiir.r
ing fish, which she has c:uight. According tollic«ppi.j
rent voracity of liir np|H tite, the sailors prctendiil
• I licliove somelhingtothe same purpose may bo fimil|
in the school edilions of (Iiithric's (leof^rdjilurnlGntfi
mo; a work, which, though, in gencrni, as sober anil dullf
as could Ih' dcsircil by the gravest preceptor, lH'eoiii«»f
a sudden uncommonly lively, u|ion the subject of tlir sM
of Norway, the author having Ihouglil meet b)ailn|)lli'
right reverend ICrick Pontoppidun's account of nuriiiiii|
sea-snakes, and krakons.
,j,.sj what ehanci
Jiniiosls, which al
fi.i.jBi Heu-alr, 17fi
Mermaids were
fii|icriiatiiral powci
]|, (rives us an ace
(iid liilurc events,
Ihi rli'iiiciit in wl
,piml the sin of
Till; ineriuaid o
I focGsionally resign
diljiin liear.s, llnit,
»a.« invested with
I ciore i-lcrn and sav
liiuian. Of coursi
ialii l;iT presence, w
kliif is alluded to
'I
(In Jura's heat
'i'lio iiiurmu
lluw softly nioi
Of Jura's !
l!at .softer, fio:it
The merniaii
That charmed I
Itolbre the ba
Abift the purple
.As parting g:
Fiiiiii Jlorven's
Their gallant
In youth's gay
ISliU blamed t
For her he chid
The lovely mi
".And raise," he
The maiden s
When first, o'er
We left afiir t
' When on this r
Shall die,' she
Knov/ that thy fi
Or proves to t
Now, lightly poi
Disperses widi
And, echoing far
Resounds the i
" Softly blow, tlu
Softly rustle tl
Soothe to rest th(
Ucfore my lov(
" Where the wavi
And the russet
Mariners, with p
Shun the shelv
" .As yon pass llir
liend your coui
Sliiin, O shun, tin
Where Corrivr
" If, from that un
With wrinkled
O'er the verge of
'I'he sca-siioJic
'"They, who, in w
.Norway, employ them
iliiall agree in this sti
I llicri', which is of n vai
liTl long, and moreovt
Id live ill rocks and i
Bcrp'; which will go a
insuiinner, anil devoui
he iriK's into the sea tc
cirl* III' sea-crabs. I
from bis ncrk, a cubit I
laillu' lialli llaming s
tl.*iho skippers, and 1
pilljr,anilcalclioth awi
to hapneth not but it
Mllie kingdom near
»W1 die, or 1)0 banishe
ptKfnilie liillow."— O;
ifinl into Knglish by .
iuvIm' learned from tl
loppiil.m, who saw it r;
kijlu,* Ihc mast of tlic
"iCiii.ilis III the immc
«in siipiHmcd to girdli
mOiillAPlIICAT, IHRMOIR OF JOHN LFA DEN.
311
tic 0.\l'il( (i, |,v (IV
;d the Manirrtm,,
Iraililion, liicaus,^
! of Critic iimlit!
luHtriilicms (,f|],,
are Waldrr.n \v,i,i j
; willH'SSCS of lilt
a project was un.
deep, hy ,wan cf I
ordinply, drsrcnil.
I all they had o„
vc been no small
who wns on hoard, |
et down, declarul'
led nt least donUt I
:)n is cnni|mtiii i,
a depth, woiiikri
the aceouiit j!m„
the air.
rcpion of fislies, I
IS the air in llic >o,
ough whidi, as 1 1
f world, i«ived wiii;
s, whii h (rlilirrw! I
;lass. I lonjicd lo
Iclt more c.\qiii>ili>
i inclosed hi, ji rail ill
dows of my prisoi,
ery side, ornairani.
t iiileriur in liriijjil.l
lost beautil'iil build, j
lothcr-of.pearl, and|
s of all colours. I'h
iiificcnt aparlincnls,!
! whole slrcnpli, lol
I I did, tliouj;li»iili|
last, however, 1 eoiI
I tliv midst orwhichl
ral chairs round, of j
posed of rouHi dii.j
nd pearls. Hri
as profitable a.* Ill
ight with mc Irat il
of more value IlianI
wrecks; but iky I
ongly cemented by I
cd. Isawrinrjll
iianner of prceiiml
manner; vlili'li "
5 and waves : tin
s, by strings model
taken down; liut,|
font reach of tlic
ough your want ol"!
nidy tnfrmfn, audi
this blissful rcalni,r
cy seemed frij;lild|
lance from inc, ta.F
IS imd new-cicaledl
is intrndnelinn, kyl
ig thesiipiiosedn.r
reader may consulll
inpport of the Nip-f
ml a variety of !f.[
Is, |). 230, et jrifum.l
•d from I'ontop[ii.|
10 fails not lo ,w-l
An older iii-r
kii/ts-siu, or Hnyill
117(1. Tlieiiitr.l
liafulramlmr I'n]
r parts resenbliiiEl
'Coming diffidfnof,!
hey are ei|iiippfii|
jsler is ealleil m«'T
Ttaiiily, lo drntil
tlic Ilia of divonJ
|rding lolhcappi.l
ilora preleiidi'il laf
IpoRcmayliefoiinill
|ogrfl/'/i i^nl GromM
ll.assolH'randdiilj
tepliir, beeoiiiiii »
tiibjeetofllirH
I meet to aili>iil lli«|
|»nnt of niiTiiiiiiJ
,ii,.ss what chance llicy had of saving their livis in the
Jiiiiiosli'. which always followed her appearance. — Spe.
'a'.'iiii I>^"l<'< n'ii^ili- llifi.
.Mermaids were soinetiines supposed to he possessed of
Hiin'riialiiral powers. IJescnius, in his life of Frederick
II itivcs us an account of a nyren, who not only prn|ilie.
.nil I'ulurc events, hut, a.s might have been e.vpected from
iii( ileiiicnt in wliieli she dwelt, preached vehcniciitly
jLMinst the sin of drnnkt nness.
'file iiieriuaid of Corrivrekin possessed the power of
r^fa-ioiialiy resigning her scaly train, and the Celtic tra-
(iiliiin liears, that, when, from choice or necessity, she
«as invested with tliat appendage, her manners were
more fieri! and savage than when her form was entirely
liiiiun. Of course, she warned her lover not to come
iiitii l;er presence, when she was thus translbrnicd. 'I'liis
kliifis " ' "- '■- " • '■-" -^- -' " '
ludcd to in the folluwiiig ballad.
THE MERMAin.
On Jura's heath how sweetly swell
The murmurs of the mountain lice,
Iluw softly mourns the writhed shell
Of Jura's shore, its parent sea !
ISiit .^oHer, lloatinnr o'er the deep,
'I'he mermaid's sweet sea-soothing lay,
'I'liat charmed the dancing waves to sleep,
Helbre the bark of Colonsay.
Aloft the purple pennons wave,
As parting gay from ('rinan's shore,
Kioiii Morven's wars, the seamen brave
'I'lieir gallant chietlain homeward bore.
In youth's gay bloom, the brave Mncphail
Still blamed the lingering bark's delay;
For her he chid the flagging sail,
Tlio lovely maid of ('olonsay.
"And raise," he cried, "the song of love,
'I'hc maiden sung with tearful smile,
When first, o'er Jura's hills to rove.
We lell afar the lonely isle !
' When on this ring of ruby red
Shall die,' she said, ' the crimson hue,
Knov; that thy favourite fair is dead,
Or proves lo thee and love untrue.'"
Now, lightly poised, the rising oar
Disperses wide the foamy spray,
And, echoing far o'er Crinan's shore.
Resounds the song of Colonsay,
" Softly blow, thou western breeze,
Softly rustle through the sail,
Soothe to rest the furrowy seas,
llcforc my love, sweet western gale !
" Where the wave is tinged with red,
And the russet sea-leaves grow.
Mariners, with prudent dread,
Shun tiie shelving reefs bdow.
"As you pass through Jura's sound,
llend your course by Scarbu's shoro.
Shun, shun, the gulf profound,
Where Corrivrekin's surges roar I
" It", from that unlHittoincd deep,
Willi wrinkled form and writhed train,
O'er the verge of Scarba's steep,
The sea-snaltc lieavc his snowy niiiiic,*
"They, who, in works of navigation, on the coast of
I Norway, employ themselves in fishing or merchandise,
diiall iisree in this strange story, that there is a serpent
lliore, which is of a vast magnitude, namely two hundred
falloiif, and moreover twenty feet thick; and is wont
lolivc in rocks and caves, towards the sea-coast about
Borge; which will go alone fVoni his holes, in a clear night
insuainier, and devours calves, lambs, and hogs; or else
htjiH's into the sea to feed on polypus, locusts, and all
firlj 111' sea-crabs. Ho hath commonly hair hanging
bin bis neck, a cubit long, and sharp scales, and is black,
uJlie bath llaiuing shiuing eyes. This simke disqui-
et' die sluppcrs, and he puts up his head on liigli, liku a
plUir,aiiil calchcth away men, and ho devours them ; and
llii< ha|ini'tli not hut it signifies some wonderful change
01 the kingdom near at hand; namely that the princes
(hall die, or lie banished ; or sonio tumultuous wars shall
pttscnllie liillow." — Olaim Miienua, London, \!i,'>S, ren-
dered into I'.nglisli by J. S. Much more of the sea-snake
may !«■ learned from the credible witnesses cited by I'on.
ipiilan, who saw it raise itself from the siui, twice as
hijh as the mast of tlieir vessel. The tradition probably
ni|!iiiati's in the immense snuko of tlic Edda, whuK folds
«m kiipiKised to girdle Iho eurlli.
" Unwarp, unwind hi.' oozy coils,
Sea-gnen sisters of the main,
And ill the gulf, where ocean lioils,
'I'he iinwicldly wallowing monster chain.
"Snilly blow, thou western breeze,
S'lftly rustle through the sail,
SiHilhc to rest the furrowed seas,
liefore my love, sweet we^ ' gale 1"
Thus, all to soothe the chiefiu . woe,
I'ar from the maid he loved so dear,
'I'he song arose, so .sof\ and slow,
He seeiiiKl her parting sigh to hear.
Tile lonely d( ck he paces o'er,
liii|Kitient for the rising day.
And still, from C'rinan's moonlight shore.
He turns his eyes lo Colonsay.
The nioonbeams crisp the curhng surge,
'I'lial streaks with foam the ocean green;
V/liile forward still the rowers urge
'I'heir couri^c, a female form was seen.
The sea-maid's form, of pearly light,
Was whiter than the downy spray,
And roimil her bosom, heaving bright.
Her glossy, yellow ringlets play.
Borne on a fiiamy-crcstcd wave,
iSie reached amain the hounding prow,
'I'hen, clasping fast the chieftain brave,
She, pliniging, sought the deep below.
Ah ! long beside thy feigned bier.
The monks the prayers of death shall say.
And long for thee, the fruitless tear
Shall weep the maid of Colonsay I
But downwards, like a powerless corse.
The eddying waves the chiel\ain bear; —
He only heard the moaning hoarse
Of waters, niurimiring in his ear.
The murmurs sink by slow degrees ;
No more the surges round him rave J
Lulled by the music of the seas.
He lies within a coral cave.
In dreamy mood reclines lie long.
Nor dares his tranced eyes unclose.
Till, warbling wild, the sea-maid's song^,
l''ar in the crystal cavern, rose ;
Soft as that harp's unseen control,
In morning dreams that lovers hear.
Whose strains steal sweetly o'er the soul.
But never reach the waking ear.
As suiil>eams, tlirough the tepid air,
When clouds dissolve in dews vmsecn.
Smile on the Mowers, that bloom more fair,
And field, that glow with livelier green —
So nu'lting soil Ihc music fell ;
It seemed to soothe the fluttering spray —
" Say, hejirdst thou not these wild notes swell ?"
" Ah I 'tis tlio song of (.'olonsay."
Like one that from a fearful dream
Awakes, the morning light to view.
And joys to see the purph' beam.
Vet fears to find the vision true,
lie heard that strain, so wildly sweet.
Which bade his torpid languor fly ;
He f'eared some s]K'1I had bound his feet,
And hardly dared hi.s limbs to try.
" This yellow sand, this sparry cave.
Shall beml thy soul to iM'iiufy's sway ;
tian'st thou tlie maiden of the wave
Ciimpare to her of Colonsay ?"
noiised by that voice, of silver sound,
From the paved floor he lightly sprung.
And, glancing wild his eyes around,
Wlierc the fair nymph her trcssea wrung,
No form ho saw of mortal mould ;
ll shone like ocean's snowy foam ;
Her ringlets waved iu living gold.
Her mirror crystal, |x;arl her comb.
Her pearly eonili the syren took.
Anil careless bound ner tresses wild ;
Still o'er the mirror stole her look,
As on the wondering youth sbc smiled.
Like music from the greenwood tree.
Again she raised the nulling lay;
— " Fair warrior, wilt thou dwell with mc,
And leave the maid of Colonsay?
"Fair is the crystal hall Hir me
Willi rubies and with emeralds set.
And sweet the music of the si'a
.Shall sing, when we for love arc mot.
"How sweet to dance, with gliding feet,
Along the level tide so green.
Responsive to the cadince sweet,
Th.it breathes along the moonlight scene!
" And soil the mu.-^ic of the main
Rings IVoiii the motley tortoise-shell.
While mo'onbeains, o'er the watery plain.
Seem trembling in its fitful swell.
"How sweet, when billows heave their head,
A\u\ shake their snowy cresis on high.
Serene ill Ocean's sapphire bed.
Beneath the tumbling surge, to lie ;
" I'o trace, with traiir|uil step, the deep.
Will r(^ pearly drops of IVo/en dew
In concave shells, unconseioiis, sleep,
Or shine with lustre, silvery blue 1
" Then shall the summer sun, from fiir,
Hour through the wave a softer ray.
While diamonds, in our bower of spar,
.\t eve shall shed a brighter day.
" Nor stormy wind, nor wintry gale.
That o'er the angry ocean sweep.
Shall e'er our coral groves assail.
Calm in the bosoin of the deep.
"Through the green meads beneath the sea,
Kiiaiiionred, we shall fondly stray —
Then, gentle warrior, dwell with mc,
And leave the maid of Colonsay I"
— "Though bright thy locks of glistering gold.
Fair maiden of the liiainy main I
Thy'lile-blood is the water cold,
Whih; nunc beats high in every vein.
" If I, beneath thy sparry cave.
Should ill thy snowy arms recline,
Inconslaiit as the restless wave,
My heart would grow as cold as thine."
As cygnet down, prouil swelled her breast ;
Her eye confessed the |icnrly tear ;
His hand she to her bosom prest —
" Is there no heart for rupture here 7
" These limbs, sprung from the lucid sen.
Does no warm blood their currents fill.
No heart.pul.se riot, wild and free.
To joy, to love's delirious tlirill '"
"Though all the splendour of the soa
Around thy fauUless luauly shine.
That heart, that riot-s wild and free.
Can hold no sympathy with mine.
" These sparkling eye-', so wild and gay.
They swim not in ilie light of lovo:
The beanleous maid of Colonsay,
Her eyes aro milder than the dovo !
" Even now, within the lonely isle.
Her eyes arc dim with tears for nie ;
And canst thou think that syren smile
Can lure my soul to dwell with thee 7"
An oozy film her limbs o'erspi ead ;
Unfolds in hngth her scaly train ;
She tossed, in proud disdain, her head.
And laslied, with webbed fin, tlio main.
"Dwell here, alone !" the mermaid cried,
" And view far off tlie sea-nyiiiphs play ;
Thy prison-wall, the aziiro tide,
Shall bar thy steps from C^oloiisay.
" Whene'er, like ocean's scaly brood,
I cleave, with rapid fin, the wave.
Far from the daugiiter of the flood,
Conceal tlico in this coral cuve.
" I feel my former soul return ;
It kindles at thy cold disdain:
And has a. mortal dared to spurn
A dotightor of tin foamy nmiii V'
,; jlfc'*..' ■■■ • -. ■. »-*i
•' 'Sv: , ..■'iV;,i
■\f<
'■''^■ii
• . *
' , Sj'..'* \ii.. .'*}-. 'Ci.wj'JW
'Kf
vf
■■■ t'
. ' .?-.
,,ti-' ■>
■■;l
i
V'';t
.v.;i
312
BIOr.RAPIIICAL MEMOIR OF JOHN I.EYDEN.
1
1 r-j^»^ 'v; , ■
, ,,, i>i .1 ...
She tied; around the crystul cavn
'I'lic rolling wiivi-s rvsiinic their road,
On the broad portul idly rave,
But enter not the nyniph'u abode.
And many a weary night wont by,
Ab in the lonely cave he lay,
And many a sim rolled througli tlic sky.
And poured its beams on Colonsay ;
An<l ot^, bcneatli the silver moon,
He heard at'ar the mermaid sing.
And ort, to many a melting tunc.
Tile shell-fornied lyres ot" ocean ring ;
And, wJien the moon went down the sky,
Still rose, in dreams, his nutivo plain.
And oft he thought his love was by.
And charmed liim with some tender strain ;
And, licart-sieU, oft he waked to weep,
W liuti ceased that voice of silver sound.
And thought to plunge him in the deep,
'I'liat walled his crystal cavern round.
But still the ring, of ruby red,
Helaincd its vivid crimson hue,
And each despairing accent fled,
'I'o tind his gentle love so true.
AVIion seven long lonely months were gone,
'I'lie mermaid to his cavern came.
No more misshapen from the zone,
Hut like a maid of mortal frame.
"() give to me that ruby ring,
That on thy finger ghnccs gay.
And thou shall hear tiie mermaid sing
The song, thou lovest, of Colonsay."
"'I'his rnby ring, of crimson grain.
Shall on thy finger glitter gay.
If thou wilt bear me through the main.
Again to visit Colon.say."
" K.TCcpt tliou quit thy former love.
Content to dwell, lor ay, with me.
Thy scorn my finny frame might move
'i'o tear tliy limbs amid the sea."
"Then l)car me swift along tlie main,
'I'he lonely isle again to sec,
And, when I here return again,
I plight my faith to dwell with tiiee."
An oozy film her limbs o'crspread,
Wliiie slow untblds her scaly train.
With gluey fangs lier hands were clad,
!She lushed with webbed fin the main.
He grasps the mermaid's scaly sides,
As, with broad fin, she oars her way ;
Beneath the silent moon she glides.
That sweetly sleeps on Colonsay.
Proud swells her heart I she deems at last,
'I'o hire him with her silvir tongue.
And as the shelving rucks .she past.
She raised her voice, and sweetly sung.
In softer, sweeter strains she sung.
Slow gliding o'er the moonlight bay.
When light to land the ehiullain sprung,
'I'o hail the nuiid of Colonsay.
O sad the mermaid's gay notes fell,
.\nd sadly sink, remote at sea 1
So sadly mourns the writhed shell
Of Jura's shore, its parent sea.
And ever as the year returns.
The charni-boimd sailors know the day;
Tor sadly still the nierinuid mourns
Tiie lovely chief of Colonsay.
ON SKrlXU A.\ E.\ai.E PKRCMRD ON TUT' TOMBSTONE OP ARI3
TOMKNES.
" .Majestic Wrd ! so proud and fierce.
Why tower'st thou o'er that warrior's hearse '" —
" I tell each godlike earthly king,
Far as o'er birds of every wing,
Supreme tlm lordly eagle sails,
Cireat .Aristoniones prevailc
" Let timid doves, with plaintive cry,
Coo o'er the graves where cowards lie :
'Tis o'er the dauntlens hero's breast
The kingly eagle loves to rest."
As good poetry is a rarity of late, a few more sjx'ci-
incns of the talent of Dr. Irf;ydcn are inserted ; the Ode
to an Indian Gold Coin is probably better known than
most of his productions, but is not on that account less
worthy of preservation.
ODE TO AN INDIAN GOLD COIN.
U"ri/(en in Chfticil, Malabar,
Slave of the dark and dirty mine !
What vanity has brought thee here ?
How can I love to sec thee shine
So bright, whom I have bought so dear ? —
The tent-roiies flapping lone I hear
For twilight.eonvcrsc, arm in arm;
The jackal's shriek bursts on mine ear.
When mirth and music wont to charm.
By Chericdl's dark wandering streams.
Where cane-tufts shadow all the wild.
Sweet visions haunt my vi'aking dreams
Of Tcviot lov'd while still a child.
Of castled rocks stupendous pil'd
By Esk or Eden's classic wave.
Where loves of youth and frieidsliips smil'd,
I'neurs'd by thee, vile yellow slave !
Fade, day-dreams sweet, from memory fade I —
The perish'd bliss of youth's first prime.
That once so bright on fancy play'd,
IJevivcs no more in after-time.
Far from my sacred natal clime,
I haste to an untimely grave ;
The daring thoughts that soar'd sublime
Are sunk in ocean's southern wave.
Slave of the mine ! thy yellow light
(! learns baleful as the tomb-fire drear. —
A gentle vision comes by night
!V!y lonely widow'd heart to cheer ;
Her eyes are dim with many a tear.
That once were guiding stars to mine :
Her fond heart throbs with many a fear ! —
I cannot bear to see llicc shine.
For thee, for thee, vile yellow slave,
I left a heart that lov'd me true !
I cross'd the tedious ocean-wave.
To roan> in climes unkind and new.
The cold wind of the stranger blew
Chill on my nilher'd heart: — the grave
Dark and untimely met my view —
And all for thee, vile yellow slave I
Ha I com'st thou now so late to mock
A wanderer's banish'd heart forlorn.
Now that his I'rame the lightning shock
Of sun-rays tipt with death has borne?
From love, from friendship, country, torn.
To memory's tbnd regrets the prey.
Vile slave, thy yellow dross 1 scorn!
Go mix thee with thy kindred clay !
M.\CGREGOR.
Written in Glenorrlii/, near the scene of the ma'sacre of
the Miicgreifors.
In the vale of Glenorchy the night-breeze was sighing
O'er the tombs when? the ancient Macgregors are lyiu]
Green are their graves by their soft murmuring river.
But the name of Macgregor has [wrisli'd for ever. —
On a red si ream oflight, from hisgray mountains glancing,
The form of a spirit sccm'd sternly advancing;
Slow o'er the heath of the dead was its motion.
As the shadow of mist o'er the foam of the ocean ;
Like the sound of a stream thro' the still evening dying.
"Stianger, who tread'st where Macgregor is lying!
Dar'st thou to walk unappall'd and tirm-hearted
Midst the shadowy steps of the mighty departed ?
See, round thee the cairns of the dead arc disclosing
The shades that have long lieen in silence reposing 1
Through their form dimly twinkles the moon-beam de
seending.
As their red eye of wrath on a stranger arc liending.
(Jur gray stones of fame though the heath-blossoms eovVr,
Bound the hills of our battles our spirits still hover ;
But dark arc our forms hy our blue native fountains.
Fur we ne'er sec the streams running red from the
mountains.
Our fame fades away like the foam of the river,
That chines in the sun ere it vanish for ever ;
And no maid hangs in tears of regret o'er the story.
When the minstrel relates the declino of our glory.
The hunter of red deer now ceases to number
The lonely gray stones on the fields of our slumber.
Fly, stranger, and let not thine eye be reverted !
.\li ! why should'st thou see that our fame is departed "
A LOVE TALE.
A FBAGMEXT.
The glance of my love is mild and fair
Whene'er she looks on me ;
As the silver beams, in the midnight air.
Of tlie gentle moon ; and her yellow hair
On tlie gale floats wild and free.
Her yellow locks flow o'er her back.
And round her forehead twine;
I would not give tlie tresses that ileck
The blue lines of her snowy neck.
For the richest Indian mine.
Iler gentle face is of lily liue ;
But whene'er her eyes meet mine.
The mantling blush on licr check you view-
Is like the rose-bud wet with dew,
When the morning suu-bcains shine.
" Why heaves your breast with the smother'd sigh'
Sly dear love, tell me true !
Why does your colour come and fly.
And why, oh ! why is the tear in your eye?
I ne't r lov'd maid but you.
" True I must leave Zcaiiia's dome.
And wander o'er ocean-sea ;
But yet, tlic'igh far my footsteps roam.
My soul shall linger round thy home,
I'll lo' c thee iJiough thou love not me."
She dried the tear with her yellow hair,
Anc! idis' 1 her watery eye.
Like the sun with radiance soft and fair.
That gleanu thro' the moist and showery air
When tlio white clouds fleck the sky.
She rais'd her eye with a feeble smile.
That throtigh the tear-drops shone !
Ilcr look might the hardest heart lieguile, —
She sigh'd, as she press'd my hand the while,
" -Mas ! njy brother John.
" Ah ine ! I lov'd my brother well
Till he went o'er the sea ; —
And non<' till now could ever tell
If joy or woe to the youth bcfel ;
But he will not return to mc."
TO CAMOENS.
PROM THE PORTUGUESE OF DE IIATOS.
So' cniii o tzraililc e iiiittnulal Cninocii. &r.
Camoons, o'er thy bright immortal lays.
Of mournful elegy or lyric song.
How fleetly glide the rapid hours along!
I give to tliec my nights, to thee my days.
The harms of fortune and the woes of love.
The changes of thy destiny severe,
I mark with sadly sympathetic tear,
And can but sigh for what was thine to prove.
For thee, mine eyes with bursting tears o'crflow,
Majestic |Mx?t ! whose undaunted soul
Brav'd the ill-omcu'd stars of eitlur [Xilc,
And found in other climes but change of woe.
What bard of fickle fortune dare comploiii,
Who knows thy fate, and high immortal strain'
T(J THE COURIER DOVE.
t'nO.M THE ARABIC.
Fair traveller of the pathless air.
To 'Sera's bowers these accents bear,
Hid in the shade of palmy groves.
And tell her where her wanderer roves '
But spread, O spread your pinion blue,
I'o guard my lines from rain and dew :
.\nd when my charming fair yon sec,
A thousand kisses lM!ar from mc.
And softly murmur in her car
Huw much I wish that I were near !
EPITAPH.
PROM THE LATI.N.
Once in the keen pursuit of fame
I, sehool-boy-like, pursued a bubble:
But Di'ath, before I gain'd a name,
Stejit in and sav'd a world uf trouble.
m
,USO THE Tiiian V(
Kurri
I'i.c plan of the "
|,;nJon, and edited
luiir lo our own — t
I ii i dicapcr rate tlia
ii ivliicli works of fi(
I Mr. Ritchie confines
i^nut one fourth of
n^x matter at about
J Uiicloii rale. Tlic
I Gliiist llimlcr and hi
coiisi'k'raMe talent, as
I ufint. The secoiu
••Sliinilcrhannes, thi
BT publi.slicd a short ,
Till' «ork now pulili.-
I lie Library of Roiiii
tliich wc have deem
Mii.<i(ler Waltham to
I tiuracler of Murdocl
slictchcd and in bold
I itnu of the novel ar
I Tlip author, though
1 foi'.liinie long unknow
I jounced a Walter Se
I mind, and knowledge
I in Ihifi single volume,
I lilcrarj' temple.
Arnwood Castle in -
I litiici uf the barons of
I nicn ill its neighbourl
I am lliaii structures ol
I llaiiiig been strongly li
linJ jurlly from the p
kil licon wasted in pat
I tiJiary buildings ; and,
I only llic height of oni
I tiireo liaiidsomc rooms
lis lioavy strength, ar
liiii gloom, as the mt
](t(ular landscape over
Ion his approach adniir
I liiiili in which wc have
I ilreiigth of the huge da
I c iiipliment the taste ot
Isapfriiittiidence it had
I riJisi' was less due to n
' mure than a mere mi
I i" llic clianec of his stui
I ilio, struck with the lie
linjli', uliich was r.iised
hnowaby 'Jio name of tl
ltii(|)iolures(pie appearai
Imudiuutof the way ol
Imjiusti'd lo the owner
liMtmii of which, if tra
iHsi'iilly paid.
\mng the undulatii
h\i liivs and stragglin,
|ilj|*stuvvurils the seatl
jruilu dislaiit from the
liVn'Mill stood various
jli-tk ivalls, with vaults
|i»ouud.<— «f which nobi
IfiClllial ihey had renin
Imnurtorciiiiitbrtahle 1
Vn. smuKulers, and tra'
luorial, who made no s
|Wfir.« and rabhiU fro
lyifiiair it answered th
|l«' (lie lime to thems
Iwieiil obluiig vault, coi
pUviMeinlay interred
IjliHiiiiooflOdward the
IWdinir, standing in an
WniU)nm.
ma THE Tllllin VOLUME OF THE UURAKY OF ROMANCE,
' EUITKU UY LEI It'll RITCHIE.
WAL'l «A9I.
piss cillior lor an aiitii|iii' pN "-Ikhi.-*, ii hir r ms-
tlf, n walcli tower, or n >■]>•■• i liiiiil:iii\rk or i r\ii-
tiiry, according to llic H[-n Tniicy ol' the i iiiri-r.
This last wasiMllrd tlio I'llul' ili, and stocd . r tli(
luck oi" a small )H'niiisula, runniii;; into tilt* m a, aini lit.
The plan of the " Library of Iloninncc," published in
I l.aiJoii, and edited by Leitcli Ritchie, has an object si-
mihrtoour own — the dissemination of polite literature
t a cheaper rate than usual. Instead of three voluuits,
. vvliii'li H'orks of fiction have herttolbre been extended,
Mr. Ritchie confines each author to one, which is sold at
.fcont one fourth of the usual price ; and wo furnish the
I ^'K mitter at about one ti'^'A/A of even his very reduced
Ixinilon rate. The first of his series contained " The
I i&sl lliiiiter and his Family," which, though cviiicin({
(Oiiiiikralile talent, as a whole is ineonjf ruoiis and extra-
vii'iiil. T'le second number contains the story of
I »<klila(lcrliannes, the Robber of the Rliinc," of which
c published a short sketch in the "Lives of Banditti.'
I The «ork now published constitutes the third volume of
liio Library of Romance, and is the only one received
winch wc liuvc deemed worthy of republication. We
I (insider Waltham to possess claims to attention ; the
c'anclcr of Murdoch .Macara, the Scotsman, is forcibly
I ikdched and in bold relief; wliilc the numerous iiiei-
iiM o( the novel are natural, and liiglily interesting.
I The author, though now anonymous, cannot probably
fonlinue long unknown ; and though he may not be pro-
lounccd a Walter Scott, yet the talents, cultivation of
I mind, and knowledge of the human heart, displayed even
I II this single volume, entitle him to a liigh nieho in the
I liiciory temple.
CHAPTER I.
.Vnwood Castle in shire, the only remaining resi-
liicnei of the barons of that name, who once were mighty
I men in its neighbouriiood, was a much more sightly
I niiss than structures of so ancient a date commonly are.
I Hating been strongly built at first, [lartly from the whim
laaJ |iartly Irom the poverty of its owners, little money
J Ixen wasted in patching and disfiguring it with sub-
ItiJiiu-y buildingii ; and, excepting a wing of light gothic,
lonh' the height of one story, which contained two or
ItKC liaiidsoinc rooms, the old castle still stood in all
Jits heavy strength, and frowned in its original feu-
Idil gloom, as tlic most prominent object in the ir-
litfular landscape over which it presided. Every one
I bis approach admired the relief which tlic elegant
I idiliti ju which we have mentioned gave to tlic venerable
I tlrcngth of the huge dark pile, and all were dis|H)sed to
1 iMinplimtiit the taste of the departed lord, under whose
I iiiperiuteiidenee it had bveii raised. But in truth the
Iptii* was less due to my lord of the time, who was lit-
r innrc than a mere man of war, liko his ancestors, than
I III the elmiiee of his stumbling u|ion a tasteful architect,
I iho, struck with the lieauty of u tall tower at the back
luille, ivliich was r.iised in a peculiar taste, and was now
Iboniiliy 'Jie name of the Lark's Tower, as well as with
l!.W|)ieluresi|no appearance of a building and grounds too
liiitthout of the wiiy of cuinmoii gazers to be observed,
IwjL'ested to the owner the idea of tlio terrace, for the
liMtion of which, if tradition can bu believed, he never
|umlly paid.
Among the undulating grounds, neglected masses of
liK trees and straggling brushwood, which covered the
lilopestowarils the seatliat washed the shore, scarcely a
Irailc distant from the castle, and nearly In its front,
llWc still stood various remains of old buildings — low
lliiciv walls, with vaults and caves, and striuigely slm|ieil
Inwnd.s— 1)1' wiiicli nolKHly could givo ony account, ex
Idlitlhat tliey had remained there u stumbling block to
luiysurl of eiinifortulile hunting, and a refuge lor gyp-
l*<, smugglers, and travelling thieves, from lime iiiiine.
iMial, wjin inado no sort of scruple of dislodging the
|bi(l(t'rs anil rabbits from such comforlublu ipiarters,
Itlmiciir it answered their pur|)ose to appropriate them
|ii>' tlie time to tjieinselves. Among these, was an
luiticiu oblung vault, connected with u dilapidated tlia-
IKnhtreiiiluy interred the lords of Aruwood.even Iroin
lllf tiiiio of I'Mivurd the Pinii, and a tall slraiige looking
lUdini;, standing in an expuiHtd aitiiution, whieh might
iieath a fli.ping bare sort of headland, which rose black
and craggy nearly btliiiid, and went by the name of Iluil
Hill, probably from its cold seaward aspect and appear
ante. Uy the .side of the little peninsula and the tower,
and between these and the castle, was a small iiiMik of
the sea, of a tolerable depth of water, wliieh was kiiinvu
by the name of Pirate's Creek ; but so ignorant and in-
curious were the country [topic, that not a soul cduUI
tell how or wiienee these named originated.
It may well be sup|>oscd that tlii.s deserted and unculti-
vated neighlx>urlio<Ki, which w.ik seven miles distant from
any thing like a village, was at the time little frci|ucnted
by strangers, and no iiivoiiritc residence even of its own
lords in Ibriner timi^s, so long as they !iad more desirable
estates elsewhere, and could keep a house in London.
.Still less, if possible, were its |Meuiiar advantages and
eoinlorts |)orci'plible to the coniinon gaze of the proprie-
tor of a modern mansion situated within eye-sliot and
almost at a stone's throw from the castle, — whose white
surlace, neatly shaven lawn, and closed windows, seemed
to be placed within view of the latter noble fabric, almost
in the very sjiirit of contradiction, and formed one of
tliosc harsh contrasts that too ollen mar, not only the
general cti'eet, but tlic jieculiar romance of a scene like
this.
In the solitary retirement of the castle the Dowager
Lady Arnwood had resiiled, forgotten by the world, in
quiet and meditative seclusion, ever since the death, ul
an early age, of the late lord. Indeed, scarcely a car-
riage, by any chance or upon any occasion, entered tin
old neglected gate, except that of the |>hysician : not even
a horseman halted at the threshold, except the |iost-boy
with an occasional letter from her beloved and only son,
on his travels abroad ; or perhaps the vicar on his careful
pony, to pay his distant visit and eat his sober dinner,
well seasoned witli moral reflections and religious dis-
course, upon tlic vanity of worldly grandeur, and the
liability of riches to make to themselves wings and lice
away.
The I..ady Arnwood was, however, surprised one day
by tlie unaccuiitomcd presence of the post-boy just men-
tioned, fraught with a letter, in whose direction she in-
stantly recognise«l the hand-writing of her son. Breaking
it open, with all a mother's anxious impatience, she hastily
read the fiillowing ; —
" Sly very dear mother — I presume, that before this
reaches you, you will have heard from the inontli of my
late tutor, Mr. Johnston, that a ditTerence between us, of
a serious nature, the particulars of which it is not
necessary now to detail, caused his dismissal a short time
since. It is not cx]K'dieut that I should at present enter
upon a defence of charges which perhaps he has not
even preferred to you. I had hoped to liavc been for-
tunate enough to obtain the company of my friend. Sir
Eustace Walford, to the castle, whose testimony would
at once have removed any doubt or anxiety that Mr.
Johnston's representations may have occasioned, at the
same time that his presence would have uiVordcd a relief
to the nioiiolony of the scene at Arnwood. lie is, how-
ever, iinavoidalily detained by particular business at
Paris. You may expect to see me on the ilay aflcr the
receipt of this letter. Believe me, my very dear inadani,
your ever afTectionate son,
Arnwoob."
It would not bo easy to describe the ctTect of tliesc fi^w
lines iVoin her son, n|H>n tlie mind of Arnwood's sad and
anxious inolher ; or the weight that the letter removed
from her spirits, and the satisfaction and pleasure it
gave, notwithstanding the misrepresentations of the
i|Uoiidani tutor, Mr. Johnston, who had waited Ujion her
(111 his return from Paris, but who had now left the pro-
lection of the castle for ever.
When, howi'ver, tlie news descended to the house-
keeper's riKiiii on the Ibllowing morning, from my lady's
own mouth, that tlie young l^ird .Arnwood was abso-
lutely ex|H'eted homo tliat very day — never was there in
any quarter such a consternation of surprise and import,
ant prc|>aration. Mr. MoUison, the generalissimo of
ImlliTs, was in a |H"rfett panic, at the filly hundred
things that devolved upon him instantly " to be, to do,
and to sutler," on such anexlraordinary occasion, and ran
aliout every w here, doing nothing t'roni not knowing what
to do first — rubbing his hands, oiid giving all sorts of
contradictory orders, and wondering above all things
that my lady, who must have known what was to liiip-
jien r.ii (lie day bel'or.
ki rp ii|i the news liir .1
III like a cliipi
'liliik of all til
thing li'
■ elliet, «
li.iNibers, ai
t had been th
'on days nf * «^.
lie parlieirl.ir >
.ill 1 re i \ ■
ii|ion
niL'b'
I
:l"
will
lioi:-
ull-
»hi,
siiiii ■
_3I3
>.h<»i«< liavt .ill till' •fuee\ to
' t„.|r o v, u t linn ht them out
iiiindei, itillX'Ul gitiiighini one
A as to 1h- ifi>rii'.
uld iiiiisU 1 resence >,f iiiinil
. niouiil up 11,111 1 lie III' the iie-
lieliliirth an old nii>tli.eateii flag,
lunieiiiiirial tustuni at Arnwotd to
(J«»iry,as he said; meaning days
1,1.1 tw.k ph.ce at the castle, at
led to rejoice. But so ttw oeea-
iig III .iiiv -iirt had of late taken plate in
this loin ly buililiiiL', that the Hair was all but gone, being
is thin and I'railasa tobweb. Ilowi \<r, up it iiiu.»t go, and
a iHTplcxiiig piece of biisiiitss the rearii!*; ot' it was to the
honest niiijoi-doino, parlieidarly truiii lav flurry of h '
mind ciiliseiiuent upon this grei.t event. Tin- old tapes-
try ill the gliHiiiiy romn almie, uliiihin aneient liiiiea
had been called lire bainiuetiiig room, was to be shaken
out and set in order ; (he liantiii^'s in the gr<eii drawing,
room, whii'li had been put up at the late lord's marriage,
were to be unslirouded; the li w rein:iiiiiiig servants to be
marshalled out in as ninth slate as sun. II iiiiiiiImts and
other deficiencies woulil iidniit ot'; .'-.nd a man to Ik- sta-
tiontd in the Lark's Tower, under the ragged tlag, to
keep a look oiil, and to give a signal to crooked Robert
and his old wile, who dwelt at the (leirl r's hxige; and, if
time would |K'rinit, the whole country round was to be
raised to welcome the young heir home to his castle of
Arnwood ; above all a fete was to be eotten up to please
the domestics. As for Mrs. CocKlyear the liousekce|Kr,
she was no less distracted with business and prcjiaralion ;
she broke two antique china dishes with her own hands
in the ardour of scolding the lioiistniaids, and scalded
her fore-finger in the most painful manner, by dipping it
into a pot to make good her assertion that its contents
did ni)l boil.
!Vt length, the numerous affairs Ik-Iow stairs were got
into some sort of oriler. .Mrs (ioodyear in gown and
cap, with as much coiufbrt as her scalded finger would
admit of, and having her little gold watch hanging by her
side, with her usual complacency crossed htr hands
before her, and looked out down tlie long avtiiuc for
the coming of my lord.
But the only person in view was Mark Forward, tlie
footman, and man of all-work, who had early been des-
patched with an invitation to Laily's .\rnwooil's I'avour-
ite, the rector, requesting his company to dinner to meet
the young heir ; he being the only gentleman, within
twenty miles, whom my lady would condescend to in-
vite as a relief to the solitude ot' lier days, and to bear
witness to the fallen fortunes of the ancient house of
.'\rnwood.
" Any travellers to be seen on the roail as you came,
Mr. ."Mark?" said the housekeeiier, looking out.
" Travellers, inii'am, 011 any road hereabouts ? Uon't
mention such a tiling, ma'am, if you please, only to make
one's mouth water."
"Then there 's no appearance of my lord yet, nor of
any strangers whatever, Mark /"
" Nothing o' 111' sort, ina'ani. Travellers indeed ! any
where within ten miles of tlii.< black old easde — one
might as well expect to see a boiilire on Hail Hill, over
beyond, or a mermaid singing ballaiis in the Pirate's
Creek, as a traveller here of a whole winter. Not so
nincli as a linker or a pedlar to enliven ns this inontli
past, and even old .Vlic the fiddler has deserted us. Not
so niiicli as a eiistom-house oilicer or exciseman ever
passes; nor even a smuggler comes near tin' creek now
— neither man nor maiden wlial.soiiicver, and a whole-
some young t'cllow like nie, wasting my prtcious youth
in an old casdo among the rock.'. By gad, nia'aiii,
you'll get onto!' bed some mnrniiig and find me hanging
on the bough ofoiieof the trees in the wood, like another
Alfculoin."
" And as for me, I\Ir. Atark," said the hoiisekce|K'r,
surveyhig herselll " 1 may deck myself, and dri ss iny-
seli; and I may wear my clothes, and my trinkets, and
what signifies how well a wuman looks, when there's no
one to see her ?"
" Well, I can't stop here, mu'aiu, in this sort o' laiiien-
tatioii. But what, in the name of giMidness, is that dan-
gling at the top o' tlie //ags/ii// in the turn t there '"
" It i's thu flag, no doubt, tiiat Mr. .Mullisou hoistctl for
my lord."
"Flag, ma'am, ho! ho! and he not come lioiiic yet,
supiMising it wire a flag. Hut it's 11, ore like one of the
brooms that the skipixrs in the bay put up at the mast-
head when their shabby erafl is for sale, or as a signal of
distress, than any lokeii of rejoicing. 'Faith the castle
itself may )«• tor sale for uught I know."
^J^
. '>/■*, ,1 . ,• .fi^* I
>A^
:i
(;■''.
I.V
'.. tt'i'' ','1:.. .'■«?•. 'CI'O'.'ji,*
' ■;4>,^ "■ ...'■ ;' :Ji^':'f.
-. k' ' I • ' ■ .1.
. • #:*;'f:<^i'. ,,
JL i'vi '■;'i1^,-.' ■
1.; ■■
'f!
m
y
m
-m
{■.
'!'<
311
WALTIIAM.
" iHjrd ! .Mr. Mark, do yc lliiiiU xo, ami marly a
ycar'.f wafics iliicto im: V
"Oil : no liar (il'iis, ma'am," Kaid llic waff, wliosc s<l.
fislimss was iujI so riady to lakr llic aiiirjii, "hiil III. it is
a [iiior torlorii lookiiiij tliinir that .Mullisoii lias Imistcd
lip lIuTL', and lliittcrs alwjiit too iiimli likf tli.' old lliy-cnil
of nobility, HO talliTi'd yil so lolly, .\laik a-d,iy, Alis.
(i(XMlyoar, it's a sad tliinjr alto'^allitr, and a liad bargain
my yoiin^ lord lia.s to conio liomc to, come wliiii lit
may."
ft was towards evening that Iiord Arnwood found him-
self n|)|>roaeliinjr hi.s native home, and the dayli^'hl of a
short winter'.i day was just dyini; away, ns from a
height whieh he had nuieh lonpeil to arrive at, he first
obtained a view of the distant sea and the naked tower of
the Pilot's Mark, and allerwards descried the black liir-
rets of Arnwood. The Ihouirlils of the youth bad already
been none of the pleasantest, nor is a .solitary ride of
seventy miles on a ilrizzlinj; ijloomy day in l'el)riiary,
after a week's sickness, at all t'avourable to the disper-
sion of (jloomy retleetioiis. Arnwood, amid the torpor
of his weary journey, had been striving the whole day
to e.xcite in himself t'eelinjrs of joy at rctiirnin/r to his
home, and nicctinir his rcmainintr parent. Hut when be
firstobtaincd a view of the old castle, stim.linj; bleak and
solitary, amid irregular, ill kept, « oody (;ronnds, where
the old oaks shot u|) their scattered leailess trunk.s, ami
spread forth their raseed bonirhs over the never-eiidinj;
brushwood — and where not a livincr soul seemed stirrin;;
around, nor a face was to he seen willin}: to oiler him a
welcome, nor a sound heard but the harsh sea.bnczc
whi.stling in the leailess wood — wlien he surveyed all thi.s,
his melancholy deepened into a. still more unpleasant
and even gloomy feeling.
At lenfrth the .sad inhabiUuiLs of the castle were jrlad-
dened by the unusual sound of a vehicle stopping at the
entrance, ami in an instant all the disposable servants
were at the door. Mr. -MoUison condescended to o|mu
the carriatfc with his own hand, and greeted his lord
with a hearty and comfortiiiji welcome; while ?i.-s.
Goodyear was overcome even to weepiuir when his lord.
Rhip shook hands with her in iJie hall, as an old friend.
Wo tarry not to describe the nieetinir between the
noble youth and the solitary dowa};er of the castle;
which, however aU'ectinjr to both in the first instance,
and productive of a transient fcelinjj of pleasure on either
side, soon frave place to the overwhelminj; t'looni superin-
duced by the dreary solitude of the old castle, and the
melancholy reflections on the probable fortunes of their
house ; which were indeed too well frronnded in proba-
bility, and alto^fcther of a nature corresponding willi the
■pot in wliich they were engendered.
CIIArTER II.
Tlic quiet solitude of the castle of .Vrnwood was but
little disturbed by the return of the younjr lord. In a
few days he was seen, without beinjr looked at, Rlidin?
out and in, and mounlinjthe narrow stairs of the I,ark's
Tower, to a small apartment near its summit, which he
chose to call his study ; anil there, while the usual eco-
nomy of the hnuseholil went on almost by sijjns, he was
occupied in looking out ii|mn the sen when the weather
was stormy, or porinpover his boohs — and all with such
])erfect stillness, that the whole buildinir you would li.ive
sworn was tenanted only by the few birds which built
mnonff its sheltencl nooks, and the ravens whieh wheeled
and screeched round its lofty turrets. Sometimes, indeed,
he was observed ou the back of an old hunter, splasliins;
and wheeling nmoni; the broken hollows near Pirate's
Creek, in weather when even to Is'liold such friirhlful
doings, aggravateil the exerucialiug tyranny of Mr. .Mol-
lison's rluniiuatism ; and, on other occasions, when the
wind blew and blasted so fearfully around the castle, that
the man who ventured out of doors found no small diffi-
culty in keeping his head where it was jjlaced by nature
or his feet on the solid earth, the poking major-domo
might be found peeping and peering from some of the
small loo]) windows in the lower, and holding up bis bands
ns he descried the young lord tlyingalongtlie beaeli in the
distance, on his" lean hunter, with the spray buzzing
round and over him, " as if," as ho was wont to sny,
" seven devils were at his heels."
Some time after his arrival, as the spring advanced,
and the weather became more mild and genial, a slight
stir took place in the neighbourliood, in consequence of a
shipwreck at no great distance — with its various concomi-
tant cireumstanees, sneh as the coming and going of
persons in authority, the landing and embarkation of
men In small boats along the coast, and nightly parties
about the Pirate's Ocek.
One morning, nt this period, just as l,ord .VinwiKid
was preparing to go out, a strange, wealher-lieafen look,
iiig man was sein making his wav towards the castle,
eiossing the grteii sward, and eiittiug oil' the ant:les of
the walks where be chose, as he, tijr desjiatch and short-
ness, approached il I'mni tluisiile next the sea. Wlun he
had drawn near, he stood l)el(>re the front entr;'.iiee, ga/ing
awkwardly about him; until wheeling round, and ilisco.
vering the door leading into tlie servants' apartinents,'be
forthwith entered, and was at onct? eontVonted by tin' tall
li)rni of .Mr. Molli.<on, who, with great state and dignity,
demanded of the stranger what ill' wanted.
'I'he person so addressed, who was a sipiare-bnilt man,
with a shrewd, goml-hunioured countenance, seennd
not of those who arc^ prone to he abashed even l)y tlu'
majesty of a Midlison ; hut, on the contrary, giving the
great man of the paiilry a most familiar, and, as the lat-
ter thought, a decidedly impudent nod of' file head, he
began by delivering, with a strong t>eoteh aeciiil, the fol-
lowing uiieereinonious enquiry :
" A line day, fiiend ; is your maister at hame .'"
" .My master I'wiiat is it you mean, sir I" said tho ma-
jor-iloino, in consternation at such want ofrcs|Kct.
" Ou ay, your maister. I'm sure i/e'ie no the maister
yoursel, honest man, eh ?"
"Honest man, sir, how? what arc you? how dare
you call nie honest man ?"
" Ou, inilced, friend, ye'll doubtless no be o'er honest;
but I just want the genticmanyc sec — the maister of this
auld black liiiilding."
" -Master ! Is it his lordsliip you're enquiring for, my
man V"
" t)u, ay, friend, I believe he is a lord : I should mind
folk's teetles. I want to .see him, honest friend."
" Vim want to see my lord? How dare you speak to
me, and of my lord, in this shocking manner. What are
you, sir ?
"Pooghoo! so yc'rc taking the struiits, arc ye ? Dccvil
the like o' tbac' flunkeys and servant men I ever saw ; une
dare na speak to them for pride."
" Servant men, you seoumlrel ; do you call mc a ser-
vant man ? Ho 1 .Mark, Kobin, Will — is there nobody
here to dij) this impudent Scotchman in the horsepond .'"
" Lord, I would like to see the best flunkey that ever
licked a plate, put hands on mc !" said the Scotchman,
smiling contemptuously, and spitting in his palm as he
grasped the short stick on wliich he leaned, while ."Mark
I'orward and others of the servants mustered round to
witness the rare excitement of a fray.
" What's all this to do ?" said .Alark, striking in, and
rejoicing ut the iilca of a quarrel. "Wnat are ye ail
about, L'fnllcinin .'"
" Faith, ye're a cecvil like fallow," said the stranger,
not less pleased at all times than .Mr. Mollison hiinseli; at
being so addressed : " Ye see I was just sixering in the
ptdeete.st nnuiner at that ill-fiired bo<ly wi' the meal on
ills pow, how 1 would get to see my lord, when, f'ufi'! he
gets up ill a passion, and scoggles on mo like a turkey
cock. Deevil sic an a body 1 iver saw."
" Will you stand there, iMark Forward, and hear me
insulted at this rate, by an impudent vagabond ?" said
Mollison, stamping in a fume.
" Here's a pretty piece of work under my lord's own
window," e.\claimed the shrill voice of Mrs. (Joodyear
brought also into the scene; "what is it you want here,
good III. in?"'
" I just want no word of my lord, ma'am," said the
sfranger, touching bis bat with a politeness which was
ipiite remarkable, from contra.st with his i'ormer rough-
ness.
'I'he sagacious Scotchman, liaving an instinctive per-
suasion of f'emelc influence, and having almost won the
favour of .Mrs. (icKjdyear by flic politeness with which he
addressed her, fidlowed up his iidvantage by a speech of
such rough iiinnliuess and potential persuasion, that she
soon prevailed upon .Mark Forward, who had visibly en-
joyed the humiliation of the butler, to take up the stran-
ger's rciiuest, and obtain liiiu an interview with Lord
Arnwood.
" What is your pleasure with me, friend ?" said Arn-
wood, ns the visiter was ushered into his presence.
" I want to take a bit house from you, my lord."
" Take a house from me ? I have none to let tliat 1
know of; and my steward is tlic man for these mat-
ters."
" Ou, I never talk about buzziness to servants when I
can gel at the maister, my lord, that's my way. Its just
a lioose I want, an ye'll gie me 'I for a sma' rent — a
very sma' rent, nae dmil, for it's standing lioru idle, an
bringing iu nncthing that 1 can sue."
" What IioiiRC is it ?"
" Deed, sir — that is, my lord, it can se.ini |y \,v |v,'j
hooM', ava,' and as to oiiy rent, lam sure it is wcril],,, ^, i
to iiaetliing^an' whatever ye'll get lor it will In- n,,.',,.
fouiul silli r. It's just that nuld place deoii by tlii' ((.,
-iile thiy ea' the Pilot's Mark, an' it 's sadly out o' j,'
p.;ir." ' ^ 'I
1 don't mean to let the Pilrl's .M;;rk, my liiniii,"
• )u yes, my lord, ye'll let if ; it 'fl aye bring in snn p. I
thing in the shape o' siller, and eny thing's b, itir dui,
naelhing : but ye sec, my lord, it's no I'er inysil' 1 \^-j,.
it, it 's tiir another gi-ntli-man."
"Oh, it 'a for (i»«(/ifi' gentleman," said Lord .Vrnwowi
iniling.
" Deed is it, my lord, an he's a real giiitleinan, j],,) I
s.iir reduced in the world; an' the poor genfliiii.-m j,.j I
f his mind on it, for ye see he is a little odil in Ijjs «,,.
since the world went against him, and wimia \w m, I
suailed ; an" I'm sure he'll get his death in il, wliontln I
iiorfheasters begin to blast olf the sea. lint wliativyl
lie file rent o"t, my lord ? yo know that siller is sillirm
thai' times."
" What is the gentleman's name, and how has lie|,f.
come reduced ?" said his h>rdship, highly nmu>eil withilif I
man and his tcqucst."
"His nnnie is Walfhani, my lord, and be fill ini,i
bad hands, and lost a deal o' siller, and his laily i|j,,i
and — but ve sec it 's nae my ]iart to speak iiboot faiiulv I
alfairs."
" And you arc bis servant, I presume ?"
" A sort of a.ssistant, my lord, bis principal — tlm j
his general doer, and man of business, liaitli mil an'ii
\m\ what 'II be flic rcnto' that rack of a place, my lord'
"What rent would you or your master olt'er f'or the I
I'ilot's Mark, and the seaward land," said his Lrdsliii., i
entering into the man's humour, " if I Icll it to your uim I
eonseicnee." I
" Hoot, my lord, dinna speak about conscicnco inlhaol
times, when siller is sae precious. 1 never heard a ;uii(|
bargain maker say inicklc about conscience on liis i
side in my life, wiiatevcr be did o' the conscience o' kij|
neighhour; and a bargain's a bargain ony how, asyourl
lordship knows."
" lint your otter, sir. How much do you offer for liel
.Mark and its appurtenances."
"Me offer?" said the Scotchman, with a flonrisli
" Catch mc making an offer ! Nn, na, my lord— its m,!
what '11 / f:ir, but what '11 ye take, that's my way <
doing business."
"Well then, to be short, suppose I offer ittoyouil
master for thirty pounds per annum."
"Thirty pounds! such an enormous soom foraiior-l
f'ect limbo, without a lock or a bolt in order. Nu, ii
my lord, that '11 never do."
" How di.' you come, my friend, to find out in whull
order it is ?"
"Me, your lordship? hav'n't I been ont flironsb'tl
an' in through't, wi' the key I got frae the cronkeil cliidl
lit the lodge '? Do you think I'm talking about n bliniil
bargain, all this time ? Na, na."
" Well, my good friend, instead of tliirty pounds |ifrl
annum, suppose I offer it to your master foryii-c, wliikil
is my pleasure to allow him to retain it."
"Five pounds, did your lordship say? Noo, Ilial'J
snini thing conscirnlinns, — A-weel, a-wcel, 1 supiiosews
must gie your lordship tho five pounds per annum, |Bya'l
ble (piarterly, an' possession to be bad iimnedinlilv,
so forth. Noo will your lordship just gie me a hit »m|«|
i' a pen for 't. I like tilings o' sic importance in lihck
inil white."
" No, no," said his lordship. " You must toko viA
word for (his, and my steward shall attend to see (hat tliii
person is a reduced gentleman, as you rcjirc^ent ;" anJ
iiying, be hnd some dillieulty in getting the fmU^
man dismissed without a written memorandum ofs
good a bargain.
The man was no sooner gnno than Roinetliinj stnidJ
Lord .Arnwood in this matter, to which his iinsuspiii™!
giHid nature had so readily led him to consent. 'MivPil
lot's Mark had never been intended for a regular liabiu|
lion, but had been used by the former lords of Aniwix
fir various temporary purposes of their own, cillicrd
pleasure or convenience ; and there was soniefhiiii.' lik|
f'olly, if not degradation to his house, in giving intoll
possession of a stranger, even upon the plea of Innftol
ience, a pleasure house of the fairiily, erected onasjicfs
favourable to siiiuggling or any other illegal pwrfve-
to which it, for aught ho knew, might eventually I
abused. However, ns he hnd been abniptly k'll by 111
importunity and odd humour of this forward Scntclninr
to give his word to its liciug transferred for a time to 11
posscRsion of the stranger, all that lie could now do, luj
■It would not bn
Ihtsrlily at you this inr
I tits tor such an iiidulg
I'Biif hnw Ilid you ma
1 lonlsliip's presence ?"
"Manage, sir! Ha, I
It whole poss o* meal'
Jlivai a' stand ronn<l —
Iffonian o' a hoiisekeep
llylhi' tail o' her ee — ;
|nK(t inysel' to tiekl
iHuimn are women ; an
liiaiori' Ills lordship."
"WHI, Murdoch, y
Im-Hvll: mid now I
It'ifrp.lo kccj) as much
Ipolinvanls the casfle;
luraitii, il'you're to hav
"llanl eonililious, n
"And get every tliii
Iteil'orlalilc as cireumsi
"lliiay, niiiister, luu
lo'liiiio I'c.r white wash,
"lluslil Hav'n't I tt
I lion licrnnine."
"liuiio sake, maister
l^^illliaai's earnest mai
l«™tli, when I offer to
iMilliiiiirbutasoundin;
"Murdoch, iKiwarc;
lonlyniciny."
"IWhibll, sir. I
WAI.TI1A.1F.
315
ircil is wdriliini ]
r it will Ik- j,, ,,■,,,
(Icon l.y 1l;i' „.,. I
i smily nut o' ti.
■li, my IVii Mil."
lye lii-ini; in snir.f.
liiiiK's 1). It, r tim, I
I'tr uivmI' 1 wju I
liil 1.01(1 Arnwood, I
ill si'iilli'MMn, siiii
our (rnillniiiiii i,y |
ttli' oilil In liisKiv
1111(1 winna iwfdr-
lilli ill il, whi'iuh. I
■a. lint wliiii «;;i
it fillur is >ill(r m
1(1 liiiw lias lir 1(.
ilynmustil Willi tlip
J, iind lie fill inii,
uiid liis lady din!,
ijiciik iiboot family |
lie?"
principal— that i>
<!i, liaitli out an' in
"a phicp, my lord "
iiaster oll'iT lor tlic |
' said liis lurdslii|
Icll it to your m
■ con'scieiioo intliiol
never heard a cudtl
iseieiicc on his i
10 conscience o' kiil
n oiiy how, as jour I
(3o you offer fiir tin I
I, with n flourisli
in, my lord— iisml
that'B my way ot'l
I I offer it to youil
Ills soom for a pw. I
in order. Nu,iij,|
|to find out in wktl
?en out tliroiijli'(|
the crooked cliiill
liking about nbliiijl
If thirty pounds iurl
iter foryiff, whikilT
it."
say 1 Noo, tliil'jj
Ivcel, I sn|i|>ose \(fl|
|s ])er aiiniiiii, inyij
d iininedinti'ly, anil
;ic me n hit srra|«[
iiportnucu in bladi
Ton must tukf mjl
lend to see I hat ihi J
1)U represent ;" anil
IcHiiig the fcoUhl
pcnioranduni ofs
Il something stnicll
ill his lULsuspiciniil
I consent. Tlic Pii
Ir a rejinlar liahiul
1 lords of Arnwn '
llieir own, either (
^■as soniethiiipliU
in piviiif iiilii tl
|i<! plea of iKnorol
Irecled on a spcl si
illcjral piiriicsf-j
Iglit evonliinlk '
Ihniptly led by llj
lrwnrd'Seotchin«i|
Id for a time toll
Icon Id now d". ""I
1 , rnv instriietioiis for its beiiii; nsrcrtniiicd, wliplhcr the
,« iKifSCH^ir was worthy iil' liis lii nevoliiice, and, in
vrir'^l"''''' !' •'' "'"' jn'opcr teniiiil.
II ,iiiliii» I'll' Scii'.ilhiiiiiiV I t, wliieli hail been Ucpl
^, ;|. _- I'ljr liiiii ill the I'irate's Crick, suon linnii^lil liiiii
. J s;iir.ll inn, at a lew miles' dislaiiee, whieli li.uiii;.'
r nil, il, he ran up stairs to the apartment oeiii|iie(l bj
U> I'Msll'l'.
-Will, Murdiich, how have you sped .'" er.ipiired, as
:,. iirui'ii niiiiiil I" meet him, a middle-sized elderly ijeii-
nniii, wi'^i a line expressicin of coiinlenanee, anil a
I „.nuiis twinkle of tin' eye.
"11,1, lia. 111 '." was all oiir friend could ijet out, thrnw-
I „)< nil lii^ arms and biiistinjr into an obstreperous til of
I l<ii;iili'f-
"What does the iiinn mean?" — said tlio other — "Is
I itiisllii' way you a s«-er my enquiry .'"
"11,1, li,i, lia, Il I '■" — went on .Alurdneh, reeling round
I lie riBiiii ill lu" uneeremonioiis mirth.
.. Kor (ioil's sake, .Murdoch!" said tho gentleman,
■ diivk this niiseasiinable convulsion, and inform lue ol
I lii, i.isiie of your mission."
"Mivsiiiii, sir! dinna speak about missions to mc !
I l/ird, I'm Hi"' missionary."
"I'm plad to see you in such humour, IVIiirdocli."
'•lluinoiirl Odd sir! I've In'on laujjliing the whnk'
I nv iV.ie the mieklu ca.stle — lauffiiini; by land and sea,
I'ldilhe vera boatmen girii'd wi' me, like erawlisli. Lord,
I n. vir made sic a bargain, a' the bargains ever 1 made."
•Thi'ii, I jiresuinc, you liave got tho Pilot's Mark liir
I nil."
"(lotlen it! ay, and for black naething! ha, ha, Im !
I I'lvnlten heard, that lords and gentles were fiiles ; but
I (If a horn idiot, as yon sweet-ni(iuthed lord, I never saw.
iToiri'^ awa a place like tho Pilot's IMark, for thirty
IjuniiJ.sa year, it 's perfect nonsense."
' Will, I sii|)i)osc that is cheap enough, Murdoch, as
I roll say .=0."
"Cli'.ip! — He soii!f!it thirty pounds — but do yo think
llnnke harijaiiis that way ? Na, na, what do yon think
Icl'ftVt ' ^'a, its true, sir — five pounds a year I as 1 shall
liiMvrr.— Ha, ha, ha I Yon a lord .' Ho 's a perlect fule.
] kVns aa ninir about making a bargain, than 11 cow does
I ib.iut a chest o' drawers."
•Hilt, i fear, Murdoch, that you have Fucccedcd
llkroiiirh some imprudent narration of my circumstances.
sliiiiilil hv. sorry "
'•.Ml', sir! Na, faith! I've kent the worl' over laug
J for that, t'a 'a man puir indeed? in time days. Na,
Ini— your rogue '11 get plenty of friends, but your puir
1 ma iiane."
-That was wise — and now tell me, Murdoch, what
[Brtiil'a man is his lord.ship?"
"(Ill, n weel far'il lad — as plain spoken as you or me;
Isn'riiiile cnnvorsible, for a' his lolly look. Hut it was
liitonlshing how lie laughed at me, an' he sic a fulc liim-
i."
"It would not bo nstonishin"', if I were to Iniiijli
I htsrtily at you this moment, Murdoeb, if I were in spi-
Irilst'ir such an indulgence;" said the gentleman sadly.
"But hmv did you manage to make your way into his
kinlsliip's presence ?"
" .Manaifc, sir ! Ha, ha, ha ! — sie a brul/.ic as I had wi'
I I whole poss o' mealy-headed scoundrels — but I gar't
It™ a' stand round — for ye sec, sir, there was a soiisie
I (Ionian 0' a hi)iisekee|M'r; a winow she was, I could see
llyliii' tail 11' her ee — an' I soon saw my canniest road ;
IhImI iii.'.sir to tickle the gray mare, — liir ye ken sir,
jnuiuin are women ; an' pooh ! I was na u blink o' getting
|i,uliiri' his lordship."
"Will, .Murdoch, you Imvo managed this business
limuill; and now I must caution you, when we get
I Ike, 111 kfi'ji as much out of sight as possible, and never
Ipol.waril.s the caslle; and, above all things, keep a shut
Imnitii, if you're to have a day's peace."
"ILird conditions, niaister— the last in particul: r.'
".\nil iret every thing as decent as possible, and as
I aiiforlalile as eireuinslanees will iH^rmil."
"itu ay, mai.sler, iiac fears o' me; an' there's plenty
Jo'liiin; fur white wash, an' I'll make you so genteel; an'
|)|;..i " J h <
"Hash! IFav'n't I told you, Murdoch, never to men.
I lion her name."
"Undo sake, maister!" said Murdoch; starting at Mr.
IWtliaiii's earnest manner. " Vo put a bung into my
I ninilh, when I offer to speak about the; lady, ud 1 were
IMithinir hut a sounding kag."
"Murdoch, k'warc; I tell you your tongue is your
I mly I'lieniy."
"iVovil a bit, sir. It 's my only friend. What was
it that got you the Pilot's Mark, that ye liae set your
mind on, but my toiii;ni', maister !"
" .\nt l'in;;rtlin^' yi.iir thoiiingh impudence, .Miirdix h.
Ibit eiiiiie, \.iii hi.nw « liiit is iiicess.iry to be ilniie ; and
set iibiiilt il ili^talilly.*'
'I'liespriii',' iiilviiiiiTd, iiiiil still Lord .\rii\Mui(l pi r. i-teil
in reniaiiiiii^' i.t the eiisth', living in iilmnst nnbinki n .soli-
tude. Some sliL'lit ehiiniies bad, however, takin place in
this retired iiei^'libniirhoiul, wliieli servi il as in.alcrials lor
the vae.int irnssip iifllie slimier eommniiily, and siiiirnl
llicin from the (li'spiration ol' rcailiinr, "r thiiikini!, or any
similarly troiililesiime resource of enmpuiielioiis iilleiii ss.
One of the events allniled to, was the preparation vvliieli
had actively eonimeiiei d, liir the inliiKh d eomiiig of .Mr.
Itolloii, the' great rich sipiire of New Hall, iit the large
staring bnihliii'.s which, as we have alreiuly said, over-
looked the irregular pleasure-grounds of .Xrnwood, (to
vvliieb its eiit-paper gaiileiis and lands had origiiiiillv he-
longed; ; will), with nil his train, was shortly expeeted to
!_'ive lili'aml spirit totliisdeserted iieiglibonrlinr.il. That he
would do all this was evident, from the bustle and activity
that prevailed among the elniid of tradi'smen, artisans,
and artists, bv whom the ipiiet solitudes of .\riiwnod be-
gan to be invaded and distill bid ; ami the endless iiii-
pnrtalions of I'liriiiliiri', provisions, and wines, intended
to supply the profuse lii.vury of the ( stablishment.
'J'lie other principal event which employed coinnion
gossiji, was the strange condiiel and apjiearauee, when a
sight of them could be had, ol' the singular ocenpaiits of
the Pilot's Mark; who had taken ni> their abode in this
lone, starved-lookidg, and incoiivenii nt building, vvitli
such unobserved celerity, and inysterions silence, tliat it
miglit have been supposed the sea had thrown them up
out of its wo((ib, or the clouds diopt them under the lee
of Hail Hill, the sterile appendage to their comfortless
liabitaliiin.
^leanlime, the ]ireparnlion and profusion appearing
daily nt .\'ew Hall, began to e.veite such envy among the
domestics at the dull castle of Arnwood, as no piiile of
family and title, of which servants always partake, could
long stand against. 'I'lie cook and the kitchen maids be-
gan to whisper together in dark dissatisfaelion, and the
i'botmen scow led at my bird, and even at their more deli-
cate lady, and began to lay plots and ))laii-, horn of re-
bellions discontent, as their teeth watered it the thoughts
of the tempting (leripiisites of extravagance, and the
pleasant and neighbouring vvindliills of profusion.
These symptoms (particularly atler the eclat of the ar-
rival of Mr. Holton and his friends at New Hal!,) had their
lull ell'ect upon the melancholy dowager and her proud
son; who, with the sensitive jealousy of conscious poverty
acting upon mental mid liiniily elevation, began even to
vvateli the eountenaiices, and to understand the feelings
of their own servants.
'Phis state of mind on the part of the young lord, was
confirmed by the ell'ect of a serious comniunieatiou with
his mother upon the alVairs of their house, 'i'lie nn.xioiis
and depressed dowager entered into a long detail of the
circiinistanees that had straitened the property of Am
wood during the life of her hiisbaiid, which no aller eco-
nomy or prudence had been able to re-adjust ; and con-
cluded by laying her serious commands upon him to pay
his addresses to the sipiire's sister, and, by marriage with
her, to renovate the honours of their house. We need
hardly deserilie the niaiuier in which this proposal was
received, lint to .\rnvvnoil his mother's eommands were
.sacred, nnd the restorntion of his family paramount to
ever}' other sellisb li'eling, so that I.e not only consented
hut at length indulged llie. desire of accomplishing tin
saerilici'.
CHAPTKU III.
There was Iiy this time gathered into tlie mansion of
New Hall every variety of people; country sipiires, and
city squires, and jockey gentlemen, and good shots, and
five-bai-giite gentlemen, and picture dealers, nnd villa
builders, and musical amatcms, and si^atiiring geiille-
nieii, and fat Indies nnd their lean daughters. All tlnse,
and more, were congregated nt New Hall, all in their
turn, and soiik times altogether, compressed into the
anijile area of the mnnsiim.
And besides these, there were other sorts of zoological
varieties rushing in crowds, with vehicles, dogs, and ser-
vants, on their backs, or at their tails, as tho case liap-
IM-ncil, towards this hitherto secluded neighbourhood.
How the corks Hew, nnd the wine llowed! while flie
hnll echoed with the fantastic music and the volatile heels
of the (hiiicers, and the welkin rang with the huzzas of
(ho guests, until the night wore away in feverish joy.
and the pure mr.riiinir appeand I'resli and oiluriti'ious
over ipiii I (lair i.nd woodl.iiKl.
The (niilia-t 111 till en the profuse en-goings at tin,'
ball and Hie ('((.noiiiieal innniitoiiy nf the old easlh' of
Aniweiid was inilei il very n iiiarkablr. Pbiliisophy it-
self, at least all lli.il i.ord .\rii\viiiiil c< iilil niiisler, waH
not proiif ai:aiiist the tantalisliii; display, and osli iitatiuUii
waste of wealth, thus held iip befnri- llie eyes ol' bis cal-
ciilatiiig ecoiioniy. It is not surprising, tliereliire, that
the seeiel repiiiiiigs nud involuntary tidings of irrepressi-
hie envy wliieli exist in hiiiiian nature iiiiiier such circuni-
stanees, should have extended mole nndisgiiisi dly to tho
servants at the castle; all of whom, from the great Mr.
.Mollison down to the very scullions and market-boy, be-
caiiie first discontented and mutinous, and tlien began to
melt away one by one lor cliL^agi iiients at the Hall, until
.\rnvvood was in (Ian;;er of Ik iiig icll without a servant.
Mvi n the lot'ly major-domo began to delilierate upon the
expnlieney of resigning the pride of birth, laying down
the emblems of lei^itiniate nobility, and losing the rc-
iiienibraiiee of biirii li greatness, liir the substantial fat-
ness of .New Hall; and Mrs. d'oodyear was absolutely
wild with envy 1 nil vexation, at her own lot, since one of
the maids who had left the castle and gone to the Hall,
had already aehii veil a husband iVoiii the tlock of disso-
lute serving-men (Inmesticnteil with the wenlthy s(|nire.
Hilt Lord Arnwiiiiil might ghinee with ns miieli affected
contempt ns he pleased over the svviirming grounds and
smiikiiii: chimneys of New Hnll. Wealth is wciilth ; ami
at length many persons whom Arnwood justly respected
III ;;iiii to condeseeml to partake of the hospitality of hi.9
rii II neiiilibour; nnd atlcr n time, his own pride gave
way betiire the reasonings of bis niothcr, and a livv civili-
ties having passed hclvveen them, he finally accepted an
invitation to spend an evening at the open house of hia
IK i^rhbonr.
'J'lie remaining servants nt the cnstle thought the world
was turned upside down, and that tdiaos was come again,
as they assisted tlieii lord into his carriage to go to dino
with Squire Holton; and his lordship proceeded, reason-
ing with himself as he went upon the intliience of cir-
cumstances, and the inevitable necessity to which men
and things are t'oreed to submit, and which oltcn brings
about the strangest occurrences, and baflles all the calcu-
latiiuis of experience.
Hut Mr. Holton, who never troubled himself about any
necessity but the necessity of company, without which
he could not exist, was so far a man of the world that ho
knew how to assort his guests; and he contrKed, upon
this occasion, to select the best specimen of his friends
and companions to meet I.ord Arnwood. And in truth,
(he company of men conversant with the world, even
though their knowledge include a familiarity with tho
worst part of it, cannot, in our opinion, be luiserviceablo
to a young man jnst entering lit!', even in a nioial point
of view; at least, we think we may assert, without danger
of eontrndietion, that a knowhdge of the world does not
wfn.v.frtii/i/ contnininate the mind or paralyse the feel-
ings ; and that in most cases, to speak plainly, a great
deal more depends on the soil, than on the seed.
We have made this slight digression liir the purpose of
neeounting fiir the readiness with which Lord Arnwood
tell into the humour of his host nnd the hnbils of hi»
company ; and though, at first sight, there did appear to
In' soinethiiig in the ceremony of the household, if not
repugnant to, at least hardly in uceordancc with, tho
aristocraticnl notions and feelings of the guest, yet as
there was no ln(d\ of that which supplies the want of
every other elinrin — an apparent heartiness of welcome —
it would have seemed sonuthiiig worse than coldness or
reserve, had he given Hr.ltoii cause of suspicion that lie
was insensible to his advances.
Indeed every body seemed to be met together for the
common purpose of unreserved enjoyment. 'I'liere were
li'w ladies present, and those U'vv ofi'ered hut little restraint
to the preponderating sex; some of whom, perhaps, would
have submitted to no such tyranny as the presence or in-
lliieuee of well-bred women is usually .suppo.scd to insti-
tute.
.\s it was, Mr. Holton himself stood out in advantage,
ous relief. He was a man of about fivo-and-tliirty years
of age, of a halo rotundity of aspect, in which constitu-
tional gond-humour was blended with an acquired shrewd-
ness, rather perhinis to the disndvantage of the former;
and every thing in his ])crson, manner, and address, be-
spoke him a luiiii perlectly well acquainted with the ex-
ternnl fiirms of society up to a certain point — yet with
an nlloy of positive vulgarity, nnd ofl'eiisivc grossncss.
Ill a religious devotion to the bottle, however, he was
excelled by none, nnd he applied himself to his congenial
duties niKin this occasion with a lirvour that could not
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I
K1
but |ir(nv cniiliii_M.jMs to liis riliiiiriiii,'' (■iinipiiiiiiiiis. It
\v;is tiio ovidciit liiiit Ihi'V «i'ro all sil in tor :i iMrr.nsi
imili'i' the s|n'i iiil |ialrfiii;it'i' nl' Ii.ic'<'lni.-i liliiiM'h'. rnmi
tlii'si' ilov'>ti'i'-i I.iiril Aniuooil willi (lilUi'iilly isciipcd tn
tlir (Ir.iwiiiir-rodiii, when' i'iMU|i:iiiy, it' lint mure altr^ictivi'
IVnin its intrinsic rxct'llcnci', \ i-t tVi in ntliLT cmsis iiiui'i'
iiiti'ivstini; to liiin, awaiti'il liis atlcntinii.
.Miss l{('!t.>ii -.Vi's a li'nialo I'ac-siniili' nl' luT lircrtln'r;
livly, ciiti rtainnii; and a;;iTcnhlf; uilli all tlic I'liiitinus
vivai'itv ot* a yniin;j lady i-ducatcti in London, and with
that voraludary ol' small talk, wliirli anicnfr those most
inl<'r('sti'<l in its details, re;;dily passes emrent li r natisc
piod s(Mise and polislie<i w it. She seemed hy no means
disposed ttt diseonra^^e the advances ot' sfi altoijetlier eli-
(jihle a person as Lord Arnwood, hnt was, on the eoM-
trary, Innt npon makintJ him lier e.\eliisive olijei t of at-
tention t'or the eveniiif;.
It was dnrini; an interestinar lele-a-tete in wliirli the
younj: pair weri' eniraireil, that the other H;entlemen en-
tered the drawin^f-room I'rom below.
"Do yon see that, siiuire .'" said one of liis I'riends,
wiidiinu an eye, and liis I'orelin^rer applied to the opposite
side ol' his nose with peenliar elej;anee, as lie looked
across to .'vrnureid and .Miss Itol'iiii, " there's sonietliinfr
for yon to look at."
" What is it '" asked the squire, who was far from so-
ber, and eonld not .se<' very clearly.
" Do yon not see how .'\liss llnlton and that yoiini;
BprifT of nobility are Ilirtin^X :' How would yon like the
title of I.ady Arnwood lor your sister frienil Dolton ?"
" I\ly liiisht Ihnoi/nihli' A'i^^c;- .'" was all that the
squire could say, parodyiMjj the cxelanialion of t)ver-
rcacli.
" Well, Holloii, what Pay yon ! Von know tee arc I'.ol
marryiii!; men, theret'orc confess — eluciilate."
" I don't know that I would allow Heekey to marry
this boy, with all his pride. What comfort would the
girl have with a fellow that sits all day over his books
in tlic castle yonder, and cun't take his wine of an cvcn-
illfT like a ffcntlemaii !"
" Nothinff very extraordinary in that," remarked a
pinched faced person, a rich citizen from the metropolis,
" for they say lie is ma<l."
".Mull hush, lie will hear ns I Ihit what say you —
mad "' said llolton, 'vho had, alliT all, some thoUL'hts of
tryini; to match his sister with .\rnwood, and was by no
means pleased at such a surmise.
"Yes, mad 1" said Sir .lacoh, coarsely; "I have it
from a !rentleman who was his tutor and companion,
and wli.i lrav( Med with him ali over the eonlinent.''
" How iiml, sir; pray how '" enquired the sipiire.
" Why, how are half your fashionable people mad ?
from h.ivin": too innrli money pi'rhaps. or too little; or
from haviiuj tisi inU' h to do if tiny are in the cihiiK'l.or
t<H) little it' they are out; or because mv lord is not made
a duke; or my bird's sister has murried u swindler; ur
from Iwi'iity other ennscs."
"(ioil keep us oia of car-jihot of you when you jret
fully mad. Sir Jacob," said .Mr. llolton. " Hut you have
not yet said a word in the case of Lord Arnwood."
" Tardon lue, .Mr. llolton," replied the other, " I would
not speak evil ol'di<rnitaries, allhon^li Mr. .lohnston says
this lord is an iiliot. and that the very servants call him
the mad Lord Arnwooil. Who knows, after nil, but he
Iiiuy he your brotliei-inliw crc liaiir '"
" .Not so hasty, sir," said a severe looking; person,
cdfini; in; "you talk as chiaply of men of fauiily and
title as if we could buy and sell iiristoeriilieal coiineelion
on till' stock e\chnn|rc. If you (onlil make out thai to
Itu the case, I vvouhl K|H.'Culalv tu thu utmost extent of
niy liirlunc."
"Think you so, Ilulson?" said Mr. llolton, a dark
Bcowl comini; over his countenance, a friipicnt and incx-
|illcable expression v\'lni'h inti rrnpted his ordinary and
I'onstitutioual L'ood hninonr; "think yon lightly ot' the
power id' money ' I tell you a piHir lord may 1h' noble in
rharaelcr as well as bl I; lint as a mini ao.oni; his
ci|uals, and with man's iidiriiiilies, he is » daily suH'ercr,
whose case is dieplv to hi' coiumiser.ited."
" I'crliaps you are riiflit," said Sir .lacob, soiiiewlial
nmnxeil iit the nature ol this rem.rk, so alto|;ctliur dif-
ferent I'roin his own narrow »|M'eulatioiis.
" And I iiin not to Ik' told," continued liolton, sternly,
" wliiit imiiif 1/ iiin do; I know it, sir, 1 kn iw it will."
"Well," said Hiilson, wislimi; to ii\ive the original
((all ty with which lie had coinmenced, " there they still
urc — Miss llolton uiiil this youiiit '"t'l — "" promineiit us
lliv two fiirurcs ii the picture ol conrlsliip."
" 'I'oM my honour, we nrc n pretty set of fellows," said
tlip host, clinnifinir the tliscoursc, "crowding lo({ellicr
here, iind leavini; tlic ladicn to tbcinsches;" mid so mv-
in;;', and seltini; the example, t)ic group separated and
miiiLiled witii the cmnpanv.
The ijriilleiiieii were however, after a short interval,
iliirni iitriiiii to their wine; and soon iH'came more vehe-
liii'iil in tlieir mirth, and more irre;riilar ill their conversa-
li.111. (tronps were t'ormed t'or the expression ot' more
private feelings, accordiiitr to the degree of t'^iend^hip
snbsistinjf bet ween the parties, ami hands began to' be
graspeil, and toasts to be drank, as I'riendsiiip, inebriety,
or good-lmmonr diiMated.
In the course of this ilow of soul and wine, Air. llol-
ton having snccei'ded ill grtling Lord .Vrnwooil close to
him, ti.lked with considerable trecdom, r.nd, as the hitter
Ihonghl, with much good sense, upon various matters
llireign and domestic. Hut his lordship could not help re.
marking that he occasionally alknved to escape strangely
protligate sentiments, and showed a stern decision of cha-
r.icter very ditl'erent from that, which, t'roin the rosy
gond-hunionr and lilutV hospitality ot' his open counte-
nance and frank demeanour, u stranger iiiight reasonably
have given him credit Icir.
i\Ir. liolton, however, .«ecmed anxious to cultivate the
I'riendsiiip of .Arnwood; and beliire they parted, reproach-
ing him t'or the distance he kept, and iiinting at matters
which he could not have ventured to speak ol' in his sober
moments, lie begged that he would make use of bis I'riend-
siiip without reserve, seeming extremely desirous of the
honour of serving him. The company at length grew
tired of one another, and even of the bottle; the wine
became Mat and sickening, and the niurmur of confused
talk, and the siiont ot' the occasional bacehaniiliaii stave
began to ilie away, as the guests dropped gradually olV
towards their apartments, and Lord Aniwuod was suf-
I'ered to depart.
When he reached the door the moon was shilling
brightly over the landscape, although it was near day-
break ; yet, in spite of the latenii.ss of the hour, with ilie
perverseucss of inebriety, he would not consent to make
use of the carriage that wailed, but insisted npon walk-
ing acro.ss the lawn and through his own grounds to the
castle.
Wrapping therefore his cloak mound him, he set oft' to
brush the night dew from the green sward, and proceeded
on foot over the irregular grounds towards bis own Iioiik .
He managed to pilot his way by the moonlight through the
clumps and shrubbery, ultliougli sadly perplexed by the
dark shadows Hung from them over the park; and had
mounted one or two of the grecii slopes which inter-
rupted the plantation, standing still occasionally when
he came to an opi>n s|Mtt, and gazing u|ion the scene
with excited udniiration.
He had approached the side of ii line of chestnnts, and
was making his way over the sward at considerable
s|4'ed anil in much gooiMninionr with liiiuselt', when he
heard distinctly a fiot tripping in the shadow of the
trei's alinost close lo him.
" Who is there '" lie called nut quickly — but the foot
stopped, and no reply was niiide.
.\gain he pushed forward, nnil again the t'uot went,
trip, trip, by his side.
"Come along, friend, whoever yon nrc," said Arn-
wood, calling out w itiiout upprchension, " mid let us go
forwaril together."
No answer was returned, hut a liumnii figure was now
visible, moving in the shade of the trees.
;\t length, as he began lo walk slower, and lo keep a
look out on till' dark side, n man's voice virnck up VMth
the Hot unpleasaiit warble of a song.
" A pleasant stave enongli, friend," said Arnwood,
when he had iiided, "and the more so that I had no
right to expect such cnterliiiniiieni among these bushes
and brakes at tliis hour of tl- 'gill."
" It's morning. Lord Arnv I," said the voice.
" railli I believe it is, honest friend," replied Arnwood,
pleased at the proba'ulilv of iiii iid\ciilurc.
" You're in liigh spirits, my lonl," said Ihi! voice.
" I'll tly iiiiiih HO, my invisible friend," said his lord-
ship, " and the morning is iKantiftil, an you sec."
"There are light days iiiiil ibirk days lo us all," said
the strnnger, lo bis lordship's surprise, nllliongh he
Ihouglit the voice, or nt least the accent, was not un-
known to liiiu.
" There arc so," said Arnwood.
" lint till re's n time to langh iin' a lime to weep, my
lord," continued the voice, dcseendiiig into its iinluriil
acecni. " An' ye line heard fine things thu night nuti
doubt," said Ilie Scotchinan, druwing iieur.
" True enough, IVieiid ; but liad'iil you Isitcr givn me
another slave, since yon favour iiic with your compmiy
homcwnrds '"
"<lii ay, I'sc no rcftisc a mng uftcr your lordnhip lina
been up at the big hoose there, eating the tiit, an' drml
iiig the sweet with Dives an' bis crew. But niicklc v.';i
make by that, if ye kenn'd but a' :" and Mu.-ducli sttm'
up these strange lines,
Wln'li ttic hawk parts \vi liis wiii^,
Gcllllc .Intnl. sliii|ili' .Inhll ;
.Villi II. I' lavoK'k \MiiiKi sine,
t;elilte .Inllh — silii|ilr.
When ilii-nnhu' k;iliii-s1ir lainlttonVIii'.id,
Air t'ciils Ilie rti'W Willi Ili-sli aial taciul,
Vnii iii:i\' sa>' lis iiiws iiidt't'il,
Cilille Jiihii, simple .loliii;
t^.'iiif! an" lell your rew s w illi f iii'eii,
tieillle .Milin — ^illlpk'.
" A strange ditty, my friend,"' snid Arnwood, iKiru,.
iiing to get sobered, — " very strange."
"l)u ay, iny lord, but there's many strange tliincs in
the worlil, mi' ye see I hae a bit word o' sang ju^t tu lit
oiiy thing thnt happens."
" Have you indeed ' But what earthly occurrc nre rm
bo fitted by the Sybillinc stufl'you have now utiervd,"
" Ay, man, that 's just the question !"
" W ho arc yon, friend, crossing my lawn at this jt
seasonable hour V"
"Do ye no ken nic, my lord? Dinna yc mind Mur
doch Macarn, o' the I'ilot's Mark ? Faith I'm no nlraki
to tell my name. .'\ii' if I take n short cut thrmigli ili,
ground o' this dismal castle, an' gang a bit ont o' inv
road to sing your lordship a sang, an' guide you tlirniifii
the park wlien yc'ro a wcc the waur for drink, odd— isn't
that a I'ricnd's turn ?"
" I the worse for drink? how dare you say so?" u.
claimed Arnwood, laughing at Murdoch's plaiiuicw.
"(I'udo faith, my lord, it's naething but a gcnllomaii's
case to be staggering hamc fou, nt twa in the nioriiin".
I ken nae iicttcr folk than tliein that tak a drup o' drink
now an' then. It's better may bo than sitting in nn nnU
turret, or on a rock o' the sea, getting the nicrligms i'
your head, like your lordship and my ain nhiistrr. li\
my notion that that was the way the Iblk tiinitd Ihcm-
scls 'iito warlocks, an' took up dealings wi' the dfciil
hiinsel, langsyne, the Lord preserve us."
" Docs your master live in the Pilot's Mark, then!"
" Ho docs, my lord, canny nn' quiet."
" tiniet lie must be, for I've never seen nor heard of
him but from yoursdt'."
" Ye liac niucklc lo sco an' bear baith, my lord, llui
ye dinna think of just now ; an' my mnislcr kens '
" Well, sir, what docs your master know /"
" On naething; thnt is, it's no for nic to spcnk obocl
gi ntlelolks' aft'airs, but my ninistcr is nn odd ninn, an' lio
kens iniiir than he says almnt us nll,nn' nbout thcdrunlaii
young squire above, and about what's to hoppcn, liir lir'i
a weary rcn<ler o' books, nnd yo see he 's coiiccnird tin
your lordship, nn' wratefnl because yc gi'cd him Uic I'i
lot's Mark to live in; an' he says "
"What docs ho say?" snid Arnwood, somowliat ini.
patidilly, ns .Murdoch licsitnted.
" He says lio docs not like to iicnr o' your gninj; lo
gorge wi' the herd o' cnttlc up i' the siiuire's lionsc ynn.
der ; for he says thnt it's like the snare o' the limlfrinn'
the trap that's hiildcn among the blossoms and the Imnnv
tlowcrs on the brnc ;" nn<l the Scot liesitnlcd npiiiii aiiJ
looked up in Arnwood's face.
"tloon, friend; 1 want to know your nicnnitig."
"Oil, naething, my lord, but he kens the liidy lli«l'<
the 'squire's sister, mid he says you had lictter Ihi waurv;
hut for nil that, liu aye MiiyH —
" r'\i<ry iiinn niiiiin iliec liii* fate,
All' every litnl will linn Us mate."
" Does he nay mi 7" iiaid Arnwood, m the man nloppfJ,
looking linrd at him in Ibe moonlight.
"Hut ye sec, my bird," continued Murdocli— "tliorf |
now, I've brought yon iienr to the black old cnolle. Ilofh,
it's n griicsonie looking place for a young gciillc lilio ymi I
lo be living in nl the ngc o' twenty, wi' naething Imtnur
sickly lady mother, silling a' day listening lollic lirlimi;
o' the clock. Oh, oh! When I WBg your ugol— but il'i
just as Mr. ^Valtham snys; —
" t'v.'iv iniiii iirinn ilicf lilttrnln,
.\ir every Ittrit will linn III ninlr.
" lliil I say, my lord, never heed my clovers, only hki'
lent o' the squirt, lake tenl o' tlin squire'! Hut now, ii
the ghost in the pluy siiyn—
'' Till' niek Is'tilnp to rrnw,
An" iliii day lii'uliin tu ilnw
an' so n souiiil sleep nn' n blytlie wakening, my W
With (his the eceentric Senlebmnn lurnrii oH". mil I
darling into Hie iicnred phinlnlion townrds Ilic «•",»"' |
inslaullv out of sight ; while Arnwood, soniittlml wbf" '
liv this adventure, I
tiiarliin-'iit.
boril .Vrnwood's i
ind, with that fclici
Ib., consented to ca
,;irm'd himself to tli
i,f was thrown, niu:
i,!lrr sort of conn
blossinpofa wit'e ir
pn.: or two circuni
lijiiig like licacons
Tliose circuinstm:
il'-rrilie, or rather I
sriptioii ; the clVcct
i:io..| imperceptible r
111 llie still life of so
liiilld iskiiids in mid
rartcr, ill addition,
ivliii'li would not ha
i:i the least artilicia
Hull was not one of
ii|ioii acquaintance."
ir. however, the e
fonncclioii with Mr
imainioiinccd pretcr
iiDiisly a question vv
lojotlif r decided oin
ill' llic iiiicx|)cctcd p
iiilor. This circuni
flinre's real feclinga
oliviiiii3 fact of a rc(
l»o worthies, was sii
ol'tlie young lord, w
fi|uirL''s tabic, coiitri'
ibaii was consistent
host.
Tlio mansion of J
I'ilot's Mark than ti
WIS yet early, althoii
>lii;i prcli'rred walki
jviiine that skirled
tiTliiiii of the lonely
linvanls which he f(
.1 finart walk he ha
iisiii;r ground at Ijio
ia; lo the castle, and
nine niomeiits inlial
iif looked seaward, ii
|wr('i\cd through |l
under one of the gre
luiiwlf nnd the .Mar
llii'^ part of his pro|)c
"Who comes?" c
Iv surprise.
" \\ ho uro you lui
mil lone.
" Villi arc iiiRolcnl
iiM of the man's rc|
tilings which the w
iifili'.
" 1 wonder who it
llii' man, drawing ni
IwiUteppcd into a na
"f III!' dill', and led
"''laiiil oil', I say!"
i;iiiii;int of the rank
"Vim pass not will
liiTi'," said Arnwood,
ai'iro hravery than pi
flMiiiri r's p.issagc.
"Till! devil I duii'l
w.inl,
" Ho you briive me
ipii«li; ".Stand oil'—
"Sliinij nil'!" ri'iM'i
■iMant they eamc in
Arnwnnil striiggl.'i
I'pai'i' ainoii
WAM'lIAM.
.{ I '
(I Ariiwnoil, hri'iji
y lawn at tliia ,;i;
^ yon my m ?" oi.
jclTx plninnrss.
■ but n geiilleman'i
'a in tho inoritiii;,',
tak a ilrap o' drink
n sitliiij; in nn mU
\g the nicrlipKs i'
■ ain nitiislri, l\\
Ibllt Inrnid Ihcni-
inps wi' till' (lociil
IK."
itV Mark, then ("
t."
seen nor heard of |
bnitli, my lord, llui
md, Romrwhnl ini-
r o' ynnr uoinp li
fiqnirr's hdtitii' viii'
"e o' the Inwior, nn'
uniH and thi> iKiimy
unitalcd apaiii ami
nr nicnnlni;."
[•nn the hidy tlnl'' |
lid l)ctlir Ik' wnurr;
Id thr n\an ttoffti
Y clnviT'", only Ijl"'
|uirr': lliil iioiv, i> I
iniint;, my M"
nn tiiriiril ntl'. ni't j
wnrdu the «•»,»"
nnniiwhil "obfnl
livlliis ndvcnturo, having reached home, retired to liit^
t^artniciit.
CHAPTKR IV.
|,ord Arnwood'H intimacy at New IFall increased daily ;
gnd, with tliat felicity of Boll-adaptation, whieli ninnlund
In,, consented to call habit, lie would doubtless have re.
jijmd himself (o tile inHuencc of the raeiely into which
ti'«'a6 thrown, and been content to settle down into a
i,'lir sort of country gentleman — with the addilionai
hlossinf of a wife in the [ktsou of Miss Roltnn — had net
pno or two cireuinstances occnrred in the ineaiiliine,
ii-inu like Iieacons to warn him of his diingcr.
Tlii'se eircunistnnecs, however, it would bo ililHenlt to
d^rilH", or rather they are not worth the trouble of tle-
siiplioii; the elVect beinjj produced by the thousand al-
i:K»liin|Kra'ptible nothings which, occurring and uniting
111 till' still life of society, resendile the coral insects that
liiiild islands in mid ocean. Certain small trnit» of elia-
rarliT, in arldition, had been discovered in Mr. Bolton,
wliirh would not have liecn visible at a first glance, even
n llii' least artilicial natures ; anil the occupant of New
Hull nas not one of thoiio men wlio are said to " improve
upon aei|iiaintance."
ir. however, the expediency of brciking off all further
lOiincclion with Mr. liolton, and of resigning his as yet
iiii.imiounerd pretensions to iiis sister, had been pre.
liiiiisly aijuestion with Lord Arnwood, the atluir was a|.
lojcthor decided one day at a dinner jiarty at New Hall,
iiv llic iinnx|wetcd presence of Mr. .lohnston, his foniier
liilor. This cireninstance, of itself an evidence of the
(luire's real feelings towards him, coupled with the now
oliii.iiis fact of a recent but close intimacy between the
l.vi) worthies, was sullicient to stimulate the jealous pride
pi'llii' young bird, who, impatient of the company at the
s|uiri's table, contrived to depart at n much earlier hour
tbii was consistent with the bacchanalian habits of his
host.
Tlie mansion of New Hall was situated nearer to the
I'llol's Mark than to the Caslle of Arnwood; and ns it
ujsyet early, although liceoming ipiickly dark, his lord.
flii;i preferred walking home, taking a circuit by an
iViiiMo tlint skirted the font of Hail Hill, and in the di.
mliiiii of the lonely building by the sen, called the Mark,
Imvarils which lie felt an involuntary attraction. Aller
J smart walk he hail passed the Mark, and reached a
nMii;r (.'round at Ijie extremity of the pinntatiims iH'hnig.
lii; Id the castle, and above the dill's; where lie stood for
fimt inonients inhaling the fresh sea air, and musing, as
ill' looked seaward, u|Kin the still night.seene — when he
|«'r('(i\ ed throiigh the darkness a man stealing up from
uiidir one of the green conical banks which lay Is'twcen
luiiwlf and the .Mark, and formed n sort of boundary to
llii'^pirt of his pro|>erty.
"Who eoMies/" enquired Arnwood, somewhat taken
I'v surprise.
■Ulio uro you ii.at asks?" grumbled Uio man, in no
uvil tone.
"ViHi lire insolent, sirruli I" said Arnwood, the surli-
wisof the man's reply stimulating still more the angry
tilings wliii'h the wiiie and the company had tended to
iidli'.
" 1 wonder who it is that rails mo insolcnl," retorted
111!' m.in, drawing near in the dark, for Lord .Arnwmid
ludi-li'ppr'il into a narrow pass which ran along the brow
"f llii- iliir, niid led Inwards the rirnle's t'reek Ih'Iow.
"Sliinil olV, I say!" aililed Ihn unknown, apparently
i;iinr,iiit 'it' the rank of him whom he addressed.
" \ oil puss iinl wilhoul giving neeoiml of your business
hiTi'," sail! Arnwood, his siisjiicioiiH awakened; and with
iii'Ti' liriiviry than ptudeiice lie stisxl forward to stop the
Mr.iiiirrr's pj.'sinte.
"ilie devil I don't!" and the fellow raiiie rudely fiir-
"Ho yon brave me?', said his lordship, giving the inun
''P'ldii "Sliiiid oil'—!"
''Siiiiiij oil';" re|M'ated the other seiiniiigly; and in iin
•ii'tani they e.iine in ecintael and grappled,
Arnwood slrinrgKil wilh the slianger in Ihe dark, more
friiiii moiiii iilnrv jiiission than frmii any definite spirit of
"'I'nilioii, or ll-i'iing of apiiriliiiisiiin; bill lie s|M'edily
fmillliil hi,, .-Irenglli was Ii inferior to lliiil of the
I'l'iiil.iiniNiiiliir and fiillgrown iiinii, who held him in his
C'i|»'. lie eoiitiiiiied In wreslh' bravely wilh Ins im-
•ii'iivii I'lM'iiiy, until they turned Ihe brow of the elitl's,
«'«! a fall iH'iiig the < .ii'is'ipienee, they roMed logrlher,
Vnw.iiKl liidiliiig his adversary lirinly in his grn«p, imlil
I'v Irll (iv,.r till' ,.(|ge, and were both preeipitnled n eon.
iTlil.l.
riii;
"pace ainiiiig (he roeks bi hiw.
« ulroiiger in it short limo reeoverod sufficirnlly
liom the tall to get upon his legs; tlKUigh not without
several groiins al the piiin of his lirnises, and eiiises upiin
the ailversary who hud helped him to Ibis luiliieKy '"1-
Vditiire; but .\riiwood neillier moved nor s|i(ike — lyni;;
to all appeuraiiee dead among the rocks.
" .\ piilty t'( llinv yon must be, to wrestle with iiill
Weiilhershi'el;" .said the Ir.rge he.ivy iiii.ii — looking iliiwn
on his prosliule antagonist; " and yet working starlmard
and larboard, as t'urioiinly as if you had been as broad in
Ihe beam as a lirst.rale. I'ontoimd the locks and the
stones! they ha\e nearly sieve in my hull timbers. Hollo,
old lillow! — I think ye ha' golteii a raker in this last
lack; Haigh! liy the powers, lie d(«'s'nt stir!"
When Ihe man liiiind that his unknown adversary still
lay mot ionic .s,wi'ili soiiii' alarm, and many I'M'liiiiiatinns,
ilelivered in a mixed iianlieal plirin-eology, he began to
raise him up ,..id turn him nnind, until linding tliat lu
exhibited no ^iglls of lili', lie at Knglli litled the yintii
upon his back, and in this manner carried him to the
I'ilot's .Mark. When he arrived llieie, he stopped for a
fvw iiinments at the low (Inthie door of the building, to
eonsidir what he ought to do; the result of which lellee-
tion led him to give it two or three kicks with his loot,
his hands being employed with the burden he carried.
" Willi's there?" cried a voice within.
" riense yon to open Ihe door, Mr. .Macara," said the
man wilh the burden; "it is ilill Weathersheel, with a
pirate, or an exciseman in low. KortJod's sake open the
door, and let in the living and the dead, or else come out
with shovel and pickaxe."
"What's the mailer, noo? What is it yc want. Will
Walhershei'l ?" grinnhied the voice of .Murdoch, as he
nnwilliiigly drew the bolts. "Could na ye come in by
the back disir.' Deevil sic an unlhrtunate body as me
alive! KesI nor peace 1 can get iiane. 'I'lie miiisler is
iiae sooner gone to bed, an' me set down to draw my
breath in |h ace and i|nielness, hot dunt g>ings the door,
as loud in this back o' beyont place, as ilitwereu imhlie
change boose."
"ilere's n bad job, Mr. Macura; just stand out of my
way."
" Kb! Lord guide ns, what's that? A dead muni"
"Shut the door, you Scotch idiot! If he's dead, you
may take the hanging on yourselt; for keeping him .so
long outside."
" What do yon say alwut Scotch idiot, ye blackguard !
I wish 1 had you, and your dead game, on Ihe windy
side o' the door again; I would teach you manners — tiir
naming Scolehman an' hanging thegilher. Lord 'a
mercy me, what's this ! what's Ibis '" exchiiined the .Scot
in a I'reir/.y of terror, as he lisjked iiiHiii the pallid teatures
)f Lord Arnwood, who was now laid on a bench before
Iheni.
I told you it was a bad job;" said the sailor, eon.
leinpliiting Ihe Isidy — " but he can't be dead. And hi''s
genlleniiin loo — Lord, Murdoch, they 'II hang us holh!"
"(Jod liirgie you, William Walherslieet, if ye hae
iniirdered the young Lord Arnwood."
"Lord Arnwood"' echoed tlic man, starling with
[iina'Aement.
" I tell yon!" exclaimed Ihe Scotchman, almost crying,
' Ihiit is Lord Arnwiiod, o' Ihe black castle aliooii. (lod
forgie yon! (iod forgie you! lint I lliink he's no' dead;
he's only in a dwani. An Ihe hliiid's streaming Iiae Ihe
back o' Ills bend. Hand alV your lininls. Will Walln r.
^Iieet, yon an' me are no' lil to doelnr a lord."
Saying this, Mnrdoeli look Ihe lll'eless Isidy in his
arms, and lelliiig the man Ihreiiteiilngly In slay where he
was, he forlhwilh curried Ins ehiirgi' up stairs to a hack
hiimber, mullering lo himself all Ihe while, as he
went —
" I'll bring him up lo the Lady Agatha, if Ihe maisler
lioiild briiin me liir it. She's the only line lo resloie
him; an' she'll wash his faee wi' n simnge, an" n vive liiiii
wi' smelling draps, an' she'll ill ess his In ad \\ i' her while
fiii^rrs, as gi'iitli' as a {let liinib, and wi' her vera kimlnesr.
he'll bring liiiii In— if Ihe lili''s in him. (lehioeh! the
bonny young Inril, thiit gi'ed ns Ibis i|iiiet d«i lliiig for a
jHrfeet wanwnrlh. Meeli, hieh! I'm al^in heard, that
lords an' iioblis wire fides iiii' lyrinits, btil there's my
Mill maisler an' Miss .\gallia, — an' there's Ibis geiily
lord; liny 're every ane kind and eonsideiiile, oiil nn' in,
and wad na harm a Ilea. Deb, neb!"
Willi iininy siieli himi'iiliilions tin' Scot carried Lord
Arnwood up, laid him on his master's bed, and si I iilioiil
resloring him; aeling, however,liy the orders of one who
soon III .lie her iippearanee, and si eiiied no novice at sin h
Ikiii'voIi 111 olVii'i's, and who eoinmeined dressing bin
wounds and |n'rliirniing Ihe part of bis nurse wilh an
anxiety and gi nlle skill whii h were fuuii sneiesid'iil.
Arnwood wan liir lome liinc in tlinl slate of half eon-
siiousiicss in which surromiding objecls are seen and
voices heard, without a di.-liint pent ptioii of the reality
of eitln r the one or the other. Al first, he lell a soil
liiind holding his own, iiiid the finders pressing his piilM'.
A pah' ti-male I'.iee seemed soiiutiiiies to lie i ln.se to ins,
so that he could ti el her warm lireath upon his I'heek ;
and the long dark hair which fell t'rom her slonping
head, while she dressed his wounds, he lilt swieping
gently over his neck. 'I'lieii his awaking eye tii.steiieil
anil dwelt upon a ligiire whii h ri'iniiided him of a
(Jreeian sciilplnre, walehing in a silling jiostnri'. Is tween
hiniself and Ihe light; and while dieainingly eonteni.
plating llie features « liieli he was too giihly to see dis-
tinctly, he tlionglil Ihe dark lia'/.el eyes lieained upon him
with Kiieh a lovely i xpre.s.sion, that whether sleeping or
waking, his involuntary admiration caused a sigh to cs-
t!ape liom his bn'asl.
.\t Ibis momeiil the figure rose, and seemed to bend
solieiloiisly over him; and thoiigli his eyes were half
closed, he perceived her smile wilh so eapti\aliiig n sott-
iiess, that believing hiniself lo be in a dream, he lay mo-
tionless; fearing to break soilelieate a vision.
.■\t length he looked long and sli adfasllv, as it' striving
against Ihe drowsy eonfnsinn of his lira'ii. He perceived
hiinsi If lo be in a small bed-chaniher, neatly arranged;
the I'nrnilnre being rather separately elegant than eon.
sistenlly laslefnl. 'I'he lignre of Ihe lady, however, still
altriielid bis inleiesl Miexehisivi ly, that as he gazed upon
the graeel'iil lieiid of the body, between liinisi If ami the
single taper — Ihe neck tangled with long dark hair, and
the features peril et ill their outline and expression.— he
was inialde lo suppress the exelaination — " liady ! how is
this .' Where am 1 .'"
'I'he lady started, as if Kiiddeiily alarmed, and rising
up and elaiieing towards him with a plea.-ed smile, hi.s
eyes lidlowid her as she silently glided out of Ihe room.
Loril Arnwood, wilh swimining head, was making an
elVorl to sit np in Ihe bed, and trying In ileeiile whether
he were in a dream or not, when the lignre of Mnrdoeli
.Maeara came on tiptoe into the room.
" How do yon teel yinirsel', my bird ?" said Mnrdneb,
with all aSeolehman's cH'orl at ;ioliteiie.ss, and pleased to
see the patient looking belter.
"I feel slrangcly," said his lordship; " aie you the
Scolehman of the I'ilol's Mark'"
"On ay, my lord. Faith I'm gl.id lo hear your
Knglified tongue again, (iod! I got sic a I'ri^bl wi'
von. Kiiitli 1 thought your Inrdsliip had kicked the
'biiekel."
" Kicked what !"
"Oil iiailhiiig. I see ymi "re no ined v. i' Scotch folk.
Hi'cli, bill I'm ghiil lo iiear you speak! I aye think
there's litlle fear o' I'olk whan their longiie keeps wag-
gin'; lliat was the vera word .lolni 'ramson iisid lo say
lo Ills wife."
" < )h, my head, my head," groaned Arnwood ; bis p,iih
and confusion of brain reliirniiig.
".Iiisi whislil, my lord," said Mnrdoeli, Kliaking his
head and winking, as one would do to Inish a child;
"jilsl lie down an' be ipiiel I'or a minute, liir ye see my
lord, you hae gotten a sair deniish, an' nae doiibl vnur
head's whirlin' round."
" Wlial is Ibis thai has happened to me, friend '"
"Oil iiaelhiiig, my lord, but just a bit eriiiil on Ihe
crown amaiig the sialics, lint it will be hale against the
morn. Od, I've seen in Lirishman wad hae golli ii his
head dang as hraiil at niuhl us a pease baiineek, an' gm
Ihe vera next day the tiillow would bu deevil n liiir the
waiir o'l."
Having indulged liiinsi If with this morsel of talk,
H bile he WHS prescribing silence lo (he patieiil, Miirih eh
tripped eanlioiisly away, and llieii reliirning with W ill
Weathersheel, tiny earrii d Ariiwend down sl.iirs, and
laying him upon a sort of litter whii h they hud Inislily
fiirnisln il Willi hiaiikels, in less Ihiiii bull' an hour lliey
had him bronghl to the (iilraIKe of his own castle.
Arnwood had sunk again into n hall'-i oiiseieiis s(a(e as
llnv wire lurrying liiiii I e; liiil w In ii be tiniiiil linn-
sell in his own uparlment iMiirdieh being in the niiaii
lime occupied ill answering Ihe iin|uiries of the ahirineil
SI rvnnis, by lelling (hem llml his lordship had nn rely
nii'l wilh a slight neeideiil) Ihe young lord wiived Ills
hand (iir (he ilonieslies to retire, and lenve .Mnrilueli
alone w itii hiniself.
"When' bavi I Ix'en, my iVieiid," eni|uir('d Arnwood
til Illy, "anil what has happinid to mv t fur I li'i I Isitli
pain of body and eonliisinii of mind."
"Il's niiilhing ava, my lord, bill just ii bit neeideni
llial hapiN'ned on your road liame Irar (lie iriiekle hnll
ahoon, w i' a wee drop drink in Miin bend. Od, ve never
gang near tliut pluco hut .onieiliinji liuppriis your lord
'ii !Pe!r;S
• k?^''r-'h' **"•
: iw'' s»>,^ ,- . ■
:■'^.^i•:iv■■';^.'J■,.;t
»' r' '
■il'i;'
i
-f?
, I • I
•I
''^1';;*^*:
"-'%*
%
318
WAriTIlAM.
I •;
Bliip. Hut yt' KCf, there's nartliiiij; cxlraordinar' in a
drunken si|ii.ilible an' a broken erown."
" Hnt was tliere mil a lady ' — "
" Ijiidyl your liirilslii|>'s pcrlretly in a iiiistack. Wli;i
was abdiil yon but only niysrl an' bif; Will Wallierslii et .'
an' tweel lir'K no like a lady; ui' a pair o" wliiskri- on
liis hallits, an' as niiekle black liair as wail till a niallrass.
Noo» my lord, just sli]» to your beil. It's nae p;ood I'or
yoiniff j;('iille]nin to let ladies rini in their beads."
" 1 am eertain tlnro was a lady," said Arnvvood, nnis-
ing; " 1 could not be deceived; I am sine ol'it.''
•' Hoot, iny lonl, just keep yourself quiet. Vc 've been
dreauiiiia;; youiii!; men are aye dreaininif about ladies.
Lordsjikel iliiuk ye that ladies are to be found on the
Dca-sliore like cockle-shells; an' wha ever beard o' a lady
in sie a lonesome place an Ibe I'ilot's Mark .'"
"'I'heii 1 hin-t been at the Pilot's .Alark .'"
" ( >u ay, my lord. Hut yc 're a preat deal belter noo,
uii' juHt be advised to slip to your rest, and here's my
gausey aei|iiaintanee, the liousekee|K.'r, got up out o' Jier
warm bed to see al'ter yon."
The houseUeepei and other servants entered as the
Scotehiniui lell the apartment, and his lordship was soon
settled lor the ni!,'lit.
The etreetof the fall that Lord Arnwood had met with
among the rocks, was more to stupily and coul'use him,
than of any serious conse<iuence otberwise, for llie bruises
were but slight, and having oiieo l^en dressed, began to
lie;il rapidly. The ijiddiness and suimming in his bead,
however, and the confused ami painful sensation, eonlined
liim to bed (nt two or three days al\er the accident.
When he awakened on the following morning, be tried
to ree.il with some ilistiuetuess, a recolleelion of Ibe
events of the preceding night, but with little sneeess; Ibe
impression of a delieious dream with which his slumbers
had bian visited, and the supposed reality of the pre\ious
night, were so mingled to;r,tlier. Hnt among his eoid'u-eil
reiiiinisiMMices of soiuelbiug re;il, of tailing over roeks,
iind of bi'iiig carried home in the o|>eii air, the most vivid
and iiitiTcsling w.is that of a strange l.idy, ii ligure very
dillereut I'roin M'ss H )ll.;n's, mo\iiig g( lilly about biin
in an unknown apartment; and he remeuilH,red distini'tly
certain long I n's.-es of hair falling over a beaiili fill Grecian
lace, placed briween himself and a single taper.
With thesis were blended smile vague falici.'.'S abotil
the mysleiioiis tenant of the I'ilot's .Mark, whom he had
never yet seen, and rr;rnrding whom he began to be ilii-
fasilv curious; I'.ir ibe notion bad taken irresistible bold
ofliiiu, that this sir.iiiL'e person was in some manner, as
yet iHikuo.vii, il.ximd to lieeomu linked or entangled
with him and his future liile.
.Vnd yet he blami d hiinsell I'or allow ing one of w bom
he knew so litile to obtain a I'.ioiing sone.ir liiin; as soiiie-
times |H'rsons will call tbemselvis, when too late, to ae-
eouiil, liir doing a thing from motives of benevolence or
kindness, of which they do not very clearly see the riiii
end or piiriKise. And ibis be did from the very reasoii-
nble motive which directs |Mople whose traiii|Uillily is
hable to Ih' ciisily distiirlied, .mil whose I'eelingsare cisily
all'eeled, to be proportionably cautious bow they place
lliese valuable instruments of liapjiiiicss at the disposal
of otiters.
In eonseipienee n\' sueli faneiis nnil relleetions, be de-
lermiMeil within himself to see the stranger of the .Mail,,
iinil to aseeilain from bis own lips what were bis station
and mode of lili-; resolving that if be should, from all he
could learn, come to any unlavournblu com lusions, he
would imiuedi.itely eject iiiiii from his present asylum.
.X^'rii ihlv lo tliis resoliiUon, In ventured down towards
Ibe shore oil the t'onrtliday aller the accident, del iinined
lo walk to the I'ilot's Mark, and aseeilain in pi rsoii
uMiiethiiig more falislatlory re({ai'din){ itn inyslerioun
oei npant.
He was proeeediiiK leisurely along oil the sii nils, the
day being w, Mill .iiiil slill, u.iii hing the slow np|ile ol
Ibe \»aterH ii|Hin the shore, anil oecasionallv looking out
upon the sin.dl erall whieli lingerid on tlie trembllni:
waves tow.iriN the seaward liori/.oii, winii he |H:reei»i d,
miller llie elilfs on bis rii'lit.lbe linnreof nil elderly man,
rei'limiiirin apparently nnlolenl meililalion upon tlie bank.
lie luilged tll.it tills could be illli r tll.ill the oeellpilll
iif ibe .M.irk, I'rom tin little likelihood of any person
iiiminir I'rom a distance being so miieh at his ease in so
Bolilarv a s|mi; ; but alVr ubsi rviiig lilin liir n while, hi"
eonsliliilional lieiie ic) ovi name his linil resolution lo
ilddiess him, and lie puss< d on,
Tiie other, \<nleliiiiii .\iiiHiHid, niid Hceinlng lo |« r-
eeive his intenlioii, Mill r a liw ii ent«' b. -dalioii m-e
and eiime forward, while jiin lordship stood still c.xpeelmg
his approai h.
Thu ktraiiKcr, u iiiun ulwut lirty, Ini ai'iKJuiuiicu digni.
lied and even impressive, on drawing near raised bis bat
with respectful politeness, slmwiiig a well formed reve-
rend head, quite bald on the top, which added iiiucli to the
impressiveness of bis pale care-worn featines, and said
" I believe 1 have tlie honour of addressing Lord Arn-
wood."
" Vou make no mistake, sir," siiid Arnwood.
"it is liill lime, my lord," added the geiilleman, with
trcinulous seriousness, " lliiit I should iiiake my ucknow-
Icilgments to yon for giwiig me ((or so 1 may call it) the
retired domicile beyond the e;eek, which I am assuredly
iiiitst gratefiil liir. 1 am tin; person who occupies the
I'ilot's .Mark, my lord, and your tenant, since you choose
so considerately to put a nominal rent upon the place.''
"1 am happy that it has been in my power," replied
-Arnwood, " to render you any obligations, but you greatly
overrale this triHing service."
"Those who have nothing to give in return, seldom
receive an obligation; and when they do, lliey eamiot
easily overrate that which is so valuable from its rarity."
" Nay," said Arnwood, interested by (he old gentle-
man's manner, "1 trust that (iuours, more wortliy (he
name than any thing you allude to, are not so very rare."
"Hetaiii your (.pinion, my lord, while you cuii, but I
am an old man," and he shook bis bead.
" Hut, sir," said Arnwood, drawing nearer, and wi.-ili-
ing to come with delicacy to bis object, "(here surely
must !«■ something peculiar in that case wliieli makes
:i gentleman express so niucli gratilii'le for sueli an iii-
eon\i'iiieii( solitude as (he old building you occupy."
" I'Aery case seems peculiar when considered by ibsel!'."
"Vou will excuse me," said .\riiwood, "but I have
some enriosily (o know w !iy you eho.se this inehineholy
pot, or bow a ihtsoii of your appearance should prefer
so to seclude liiiiisell'; and win ther you are coiiifort.ible
in the Murk — and, in ibort, whether X can further serve
yon."
" I'ray be plain, m^ lord. You liuve some suspicions
ri '^ardin;;^' me, and wish to know something of my way
of lil'e."
" I wish not to be inlrnsive, but, in so sivpieslcrid a
neiiibbourhood, even our idk le'ss and self-love make the
clian.etcr and actions of odicrs the suliject of scrutiny."
"True; iiiid (lia( scridiny has given me to kimu, liiat
you are well worthy the i onlidenee of an uiil'ortunate
gentleman. As to bow 1 live.' — look abroad upon that
wide and deep iieeaii. It is oileii raging and tinniiltu-
ou~, and swallows up the small and gnat; but its
mii;lity liiry is (he sublime energy ot' nature, w hieb those
who have snllired from (he treaeliery and irihnmanity of
mankind can look upon wi(h adiniradmi ; tin- \\ hib- these
great waters so ollen engulf the nierehant and his (,'old,
(bey throw gently out ii|iiin their yeilnw sands a simple
sllb^is(enl■e to an uiiliirtimatc like mysi If.
"Tims, my lord, I e\is(, while you allow me to llvo in
(Ills iiiueli valued solitude. Ho you see that little dark
spot ill (he oiling/ that is a small boat wherein my jHior
fiidiliil Seoteh servant, .Miirdoih .Maeara, and i tin r,
are drawing I'roin the prohlie deep my means of bubsisl-
eiiee .iiid eoiiiparahve conlrn(."
" Hill, pray do not think mo iiii|iertiiiciit, sir — your
liirtmie .' tiir surely"
" You are right, my lord," snid (be stranger. " I hiid
(in (line once, liirlmie dial I (hongli( iiiexhausdble ; iileii-
lilied, as it seinnd, with me and my bon.se. I dreamed,
,is iitbi rs do, that it would di -eend In my posterily also,
IIS il had desi I iideil lo iin . Hut time is continually nn-
('oldiiigto us till' great Iriitli, that we know notbiiig, anil
that our prouinplioii in ver appears more Hliiking than
when we atleinpt to s|H'ciil.ite ii|Min human destiny.'
.\riiwiioil w.is iinible I'lir a inoiin n( to reply to this
spei I'll of the I't'inarkiible Htianiier, partaking as it did of
a (r.iiii o('tlioii:;lil which his nun eireumstaiices bad led
liiiii to iiiihili;!. Hut his curnisity lo learn more of his
new aeipiaiiit.ince bi'ing ntrollKly i.'.xeiled, liii vviitiired to
make the i inpiiiy —
"And pray, bow has your property beou lakrii fiuiii
you .'"
''('an yoni lordship tell mii how Ibal iloiid in llie nky
liiiN obttiined the lantii'^tie ^ll.)pe it now beiirs,'* he re-
plied, IcHikinu re\i tenlly upwards," or fnnii what region
m the heavens it bax come, or w lieie il w ill bi', ur v< bat
.ha|ie il will assume, by lo-iiioriuw iiiKht t"
'■ I eiinnot,"
"Clin yon tell rroiii vWial (Niintof the heuveiin Ibe
lillhtning will shoot liirth,iir where on earth Ibe boll
willllill, or whom it will strike and ili '■troy ' If yi n
e.imiot tell bow ilisliiir }mi eiiines, can you lell how the
lose-biid opiMiN ill iiiiiniiK'r ' II' not, how can I slum'
yinl Ibe real e.iiise ol'iny me liiltlines ' Ask any of the
ruined iiieii,wliuiii you may i>ou wasllii^ tliu weary InnifK
in the iicighbourbood of a metropolis, and I'o wiljieil
you a eummou-phiee story, full of wearying (ktiiils „.'|
the harassing calamities of civilised lile. lie Hill (fiil
you of line prospects wbieli totally ilisappoinloil lnn,
and promising events wbicli ended in rnin. H^, j, ,!
tell you ul' falso friends and iiidden cnciniiis; anih.
could I. All theso things aro palpable to our m\iey
but of their liiddnn springs, or tliuir ulliinalo mil »j
aro wilhout understanding."
" You have, thoii, been deprived of your lijibme"'
said Arnwood.
' Vcs, my Lord; and while I, its rightful owner, pim
here in poverty and Bolitudc, my destroyer wusic,* ;i |,,
riot and extravagance. Y'ou may imiigiiie iho like u,
(bat great, great mansion," ho added, turniiijM toujrj,
New Mali, '• which like a bloated upstart, scruis i,,
overlook, almost with scorn, your own veneralilu caiilo,"
" And all this is done b> you wrongfully ('
■' Truly, my lord, by bitter wrong."
" .And might you not recovor il by law ?''
" i nilglit iiol," replied the stranger, with a sad igj
resigned look.
'And pray, sir, why?"
* The law is not for men when llioy nro poor. Tin,
law is a luxury to the vindictive man, or Ihcanialeutci'
Irffiil justicr ; and Iho poor have no luxuries excp|itii..
Iigion and u good conscience, and these are lusuric)
w'hi'li but lew of the rich have much enjoynicnlol."
" I'ardun me, sir : but if any nun has obliiincd yum
property illegally, as you seem lo iutimalo, ycj arc
surely wrong in not seeking its restoiatiou publidj,
'I'lie law would comjiel him to restore it."
iMr. WHlthaiii again shook his head, and after a piuse
continued. "'I'helaw, my lord, is very good and rerv
ellicient, as a general instrument fur the distribution oi'
good and evil, in a way that ollen battles huiniin calcu.
lation; but, like other iiionsterH licgotten by civiliu.
lion, il is, as I have said, very much subject to the |ion'cr
of money, which I am now vvilhoul. Ilul ivon 5ii|i.
(losing i were able lo pay tor, and willing to encoiiiiliT,
the un.xiclics and risks of a cbaco after justiii', I am
now eonvinced 1 should be only striviii|r in vain iigaiH
my own fate."
" Your /u/c,'' said Arnwood.
" Yes, my lord, certainly.''
" I'ray explain yourself"
" I ciimiul explain, my lord."
" No r
"Men," continued the Btranger, " have in nil npi
made children of theinselves, by attempting In ex|il.iiii
lliings of which they are ignorant. l''or my |inrl,I
hold It to bo more eoiinistent with reason ami di|;iiilv
to be silent. Ilul I see my boat approaching tliCKlimr,
.iiiil holiest Miirdock with his lisli," said .Mr. Wiiltlnin,
rising and moving towards the sea. "Tbeir diiiiifr
will be more luxurious at Now Hall than out'i ut liic
.■^^lrk."
"Call I do you any service, sir," said Arnwood,"!!;
an introdiK (Ion to .Mr. Ilolton at the Hall i'"
" .Mr. Walthaiii only shook bis head, nnd HDiil,"llic
gossip of the ncighbinirbiKid informs me lliat jini am
about lo marry Miss llollon. l>o not rxprnd mui
feelings or waste your time upon what is lint In lie,"
" I am very much obligcij to the nel|>hl»iiirliiHiil Ion
the larlinesH of its iiifonniitioii," niplind AriiHooil iiiii|.|
iiig; "but bow know you V Ho you know niiy tliin'l
against the lady 1"'
" I know inilhiiig of imporlaiien either in lier rimmi
ora^iiiiisl her, my lord, but I am iniicli dceeivi'il il' >Ih
or her foilune will ever be voiir's."
"You siiiprise me by Iho straiigoness of ynur pmj.|
noslicalioiiK," said ArnwooU'i "lie kind eiiuuxli In n-
pi. ,111, I entreat."
" It is mil 111 be," replied Mr. Waltlinm. tiiminjlroiii
him and inoving louariU Ibe boul. "lioiid iiiniiiin!,
my lord."
Lord Arnwood relumed lioinn deeply inli'icMrilliyj
Ibe stranger's eonversalion, and delcrtniiiid iipmi t<lo<'|
llie first lavuurablu up|Kirtunity of inectinti liiiii ag'iH'
( IIAnLK V.
The prepiirnlionn for an eiilerlainment lo lii';'nri«ll
(lie castle on his eomiiig of age, now enlirely iiri'ii|iinll
Loid Ailiwooil, and required him In go srveriil (iim'<'a
(he iiiMiiol eoiisiderable town ; so tinit bis iniiiil tvaiinl
licni'ial diverted I'loin the hiibject of IliK fiiiiii'r»Hli"«|
jiist deluili'd, and Ihn other iiiutlcis vtltli wliiili lull
tliini|>lits wire usually oeeiipied. I
Thu vH'c'ct uf llithu uiiijiloymcnls, li))|elliac willi li»|
h
^fjsi„Ii;ll visits to N
I (Jill.* I" prevent li
I iM«lil^li"'. those (if
I Tlicoiilv tiling III"! <
Inieliiiii real imoasi
I J,.i,||ci-lion which bai
Ifjtfandligiire, nfsiK
I (liit lie could not I
iin?o
vvliilo a union
I so entirely dissimilar 1
iMnvfrsnig with the
I iriitorin»l'i'"l"'''"''' c
|i,ll|]C other came so
I I'jit convinced of the r
I must liiivo seen such i
iliisootliing services
I (iriiod his interest on
I I'ilot's Maik.
When the morning
I ii'ici|iili'd, at leiictb
liiaoc.irly hour, and
(«;»', nnd upwards li
I tiat lliis sbollld bo II
„illioiit liny distingii
I liiijoiilin inorning,
I The rah green of sun:
■iiJivnodland, only bj
Itioiisthiidos of tint, a^
I diT llie dewy mist; nii
diloiilmof the lawn ii
I bicak siveep of Hail I
..il the stalwart nake
I iiiilav U> smile with
I n>0el.i(ion.
As lin looked tlioUj
I lift, untiling, be una)
linn ils appearance c
I Jatksail lingered far i
I (111' u'liide liori/.on, a f
I inOTiiin,' sky, and glen
I ('iiinliered so qiiiedy, t
I dial ils cahuiic.-s seei
I niKi. oil a morning lik'
I hci! »illi any vnlu an
I brin:' liirdi.
.Vi;reiit day this w
I inJan iiiispcakahly g
id' sen nut and diiei
I fcoiuiiiiy of til - iinporl
I lioiiM'ki'i'|ier, bad scol
I iviilioiil inlerniissloii,
I mill iK'rli'cl good nn
illiiii; In do; and the i
Ificileiiient, niiicli like
I III' liar, clearing tlio t
I iiii'iit.
Tlio fnniiors, his lor
I pKinri'd a ilimirr on II
I l:«iir, snoii lipgaii to mi
I \n»: a new lliig, wliiel
I IW liie ni'e.isjnn. lliiKei
I ("purilii' Lark's Towr
I Y'lle n liudy apprnra
liiiacli res|ii'i'(i'il rector
I Hire, lii,« Illli carriage ii
Irviii' .Mr. Iliildm and
llilsiiii anil Sir .lai'iib I
l.'ihl .\rnwood liiiini
l('|>n<iili> 111 a b.iinpie
il'Tlainini'iit got up t
||n<i'il ; Inr In" mimic s
lllliilillid'ly less ilid'icul
llniiiiee and ult'ei'l inir
I Mm;",
II It while his (lelerm
IliiiKill'aarerable lo II
lUfrnnaU wliinii Iliey
I liiciil'llie H(|iiire, aiigii
llmiiiw (iii'iid of Ihn
IciJMd. Ills iinilher I
l< uuiiinit, and .Mr j.''^
I Willing (,) enjoy hiiiist
jlliuslell iiidicly to tin
IftiiiiJi. Whither it w
|iilaruiiiH'C(iiiii, lliu (ho
I till pride, nnvv more tl
j «i;ilfni|,|„|,.,| it elii.sely
liii'i mid ihiinken fleei
1 "'•rr llii.'i night luoro u|
|lli>l lliesg ciicum^l.iin;
'i>\,
W.VLTII.VJI.
319
y nro poor. The
or tliPiimaleurci'l
ii\uric:« cxcoiii ri". [
linso are luxuriol
eiijoyrnciil of. "
1118 obliiiiicd vuur I
liUiinulo, you ate I
lointioii imbliclj. I
it." I
, iinil after a pause!
jry gm)d juid rerv I
tliu distribution oi°|
flics huiniiii calcu-l
rolton hy civilm.
ilijiM'l ti)llio|inmr|
t. Itiit f'von Slip.
ling lo ('ncoiiiilirj
t'icr jti>liii', I ainl
>iig in vuln agaiiHl
i(>»« of yi'iir ('"'{•
lid i'iuiii);li III (t-
mm. Iiirniii!; I'tpml
"tiiHid iiiiiiiiinK.f
-j.rj;;i(iii;il visits to NtHV Mull, wus sccdiidod by lii.s own
fll'iirts I" |"'''^'<'''t 'i''' mind from recurring- to iiiiy
.|u,ij|ilsliiit tlio.w of I'litiiri' liiippint'ss (ind irnnd fortune.
fliediily tliiufr tlint di.slurhcd tlicso i<lc;\.i. nid ut tliiics
(pliiili real une.isinnss, was i\ vr ■'ue iin drouiu-likc
L^llodion which liniinted his iniiiiriuutiiMi of a lernale
j-Uf jnd fi;.'ure, of siicli roinaiiliu beauty and perfcclioii,
lliillic could not bear to dwell upon the real or liinoied
I ,„i, ivlulo a union was conleinplatcd with a person
jiiljrolv dissimilar as Miss I'ollon. Sometimes, while
mnvprsiuf; with the latter, and looking in her fiieo as
riilolliis proposed companion lor lilb, the lovely iinafre
,,l(|]e other came so vividly before^ liis fancy, that he
Ijllfonviiwedof the reality of her c.vislcnce, and that he
iiiuil Imvo seen such a beinp, and received at her hands
lie sootliina services which, ho dimly remeiubcrcd, had
tirilod his interest on the occasion of his accident at the
I'iM's Murk.
Wlipii tlie morning of the day which ho hud so lonir
,,ii(i|iiti'd, at leiiKlh arrived, he started from his bed
il ail early hour, and looked out upon the broad land-
,,'ai)0, iuid upwards to the sky, as if surprised to find
liiil lliis slmnld be like other days, and should come
iviihout any distinjTuisliinjj peculiarity. Hut truly on
liiisoalui iiiorninj;, " no prodigy appeared in earth or air."
lilt fidi {rreeii of summer showed every object on brake
siiilwiifldland, only hy the depth and darknes of its va-
lioiistliades of tint, as they seemed yet to slumber un-
iJiT iho duwy niist ; not a breath moved the leaves on the
diloalisof the lawn in front of the castle; and oven the
bifaksiveep of ilail Mill in the distance, receding be-
liiml tlio stalwart nukednc'ss of the I'ilol's Mark, seemed
Miiav lu smilo with unwonted warmth and emulous
vfjeialioM.
As lin looked thouglitfully towards the sea on the
lill, notliing, be imugined, oonid be morn iiilereslinir
llun its uppearance on this his hirlh-duy. A singlr
ilitk sail lingered liir in the oiling, heyonil which, nloiif;
Ihi' whole liiirizon. a streak of while light niiirked the
inMiiiiii,' sky,aiid gleamed upon Ilia farther sea ; whiih
I'liiiilii'ri'J so quietly, and inurmure<l so musii^ally soft,
llial its cahunc^-s sceniod to convey a reproai'h to all
nlKUoa a morning like this, could sull'or their hearts to
Iratwilli any valii anxiety about what the day was lo
britii'llirlh.
.\ ureal day this was, however, at Arnwnoil easlle.
inilau inis|ieakal)ly great man was Mr. Mollison, the
r ifr.»i'r\aiit and diieelor of the c.vternal anil internal
ffoiiiiiiiy ol III - important alfiir. .Mrs. (inodyear, tin
lioiiMkiTpcr, bad sculdnil for a whole liirtniglit past
iiiilioiit intermission, u'hicli nlio diil meehaniially and
mill iK'rli'cl good naluie, whenever there was any-
lhin;lodo; and the oilier sorvu'its wore in a state ol
ficildiiriil, much like the crew of an old laid-np man
i)l'»ar, clearing llio dock (ur an unexpected engage-
iiit'iit.
Tlio liirmers, his lordsliip's tenants, fiir whom ho had
p;r:nri-il a ilinuer on the lawn, shortly after their nsiiiil
i.mr, soon began lo muster with Ihoir wives and duugh-
Ifn; a lunv llug, wliii-h Mr. iMollisnii hail made ready
fjillii' iii'casion. Iliillered g lily from the tlag-stull'on the
liiliiil'llie Lurk's Tower, and the park begun lo assume
ijiiilp n liiely ap|)raranee. The Uev. .Mr. Stone, tlii'
iinicli rfspei-ieil roelor of the parish, niadn his nppeir
iiirp, Ills old i-urriiigiMiewly painted ; nnd shortly litter
nmf .Mr. Itnlton and bis sister, ae(-oiiipaiiied by .Mr.
IIjI^iiii and Sir .laeob llenson, his partieiilar friends.
l.'ird .Vrnwiiiiil found il, honever, a less easy iniilter
lii|iri><idn at u binipiei, and take llin lead in a ti-slive
tnli'MainiiH'iil got up lo expresH ;'oy, than he had sup-
|>n'il ; lor III" mimic sorrow wln-n the heart's not sail,"
iiinriiiili'ly less dillinilt than lo maintain a joyous eonn.
Iriuiini mill uU'eet niirlli under lliuprogauru ul contrary
Iffliii;-.
Il'il kIiiIp Ills delenuinulion wasstrerigllioned lomake
liiiKiiracri'ialile lo the llollons, and i ondesi'i-nding lo
tlKruLhilM wlioiii lliey liail brought with them, his dis-
Utol'tlio sipiire, aiiifiueuled by bis I'ouversalion with
liiiinw liii'iid of Iho I'ilot's .Murk, unaeenuntablv in-
CTattd, Ills mother had appeareil al the tabli- only for
» liiiiiiinit, iind ,Mr |Sfoiie, the venerable reelor," not
Willing lo enjoy hiiusolf, had retired early, and he was
Itiuilciil ciiiiiely lo till) society of llio si|\iiro and liis
friiiiJt. Whether it vtan that the umivoidublo pruspeet
mai'diiiicctioii, tliii lliuiighl of which had always hurl
liK priili', now more lliaii ever pained liis mind, as lie
tiialfiii|ilali'il ilelii.sely; or that the boisterous roaise.
ii"i< oiij drunken ficedoiii of iho .New- Hall gontlenuii
«"f lliH iiiglii nioru upp.iri'iil lliun usual — eeilain il i'
Uiii llictu I'lrcuiiiHlanev.*, adUiU lu Ilia iiivulunlur^ re-
eolleetiou of the nivstcrious hints of the strunue person
of III-; riliit's .Murk", had an eilruordinary i ifeel upon lii>
ii'elings in llio course of the evening, and greatly in-
er(-as-ed the disgust with which ho began to regard his
nests.
As they went on to drink deep, bis perceptions sremiil
to be sharpened, rather than blunted, by the wine hi-
wullowed, and lie perceived evi<lently that the squire
und his friends not only made more tree tliun usual, lull
that their Iran k jovia lit v and vulgar coarseness ainoiinted
oa disres|)eet, if not eonleinpl, of himself. Korgetling.
Iheri'foie, in bis indignation, how siroat a leveller of all
conditions is the inspiring juice of the grape, he walclieil
the words and manners of his guests with a critical and
haughty jealousy.
Lord Arnwood had remarked on some former occa-
sions, that when .Mr. liolton bad drunk freely, ho v\-as
in the habit of disputing upon the |>ower of money —
just as some men contend about leligion when they get
nlo the same slate ; and that praise of the rich, and
sneering ridicule of the pretensions of those who were
comparatively poor, were always favourite subjects ol
drunken cooversation and congratulatory flattery, as
t!ie hour grew late, between himself and his friends.
This night, however, they carried their speculations
upon the suliject, a topic upon which FiOrd Arnwood
was naturally exceedingly sensitive, to a pitch thai
roused all bis pride of tiiinily ; and be retorted upon
Sir Jacob, one of the squire's friends, in such terms ol
ennlempt, as showed that his inward indignation «-as
fast getting the butter of his usual eH'orts al self-com-
mand.
" It may appear lo you, perhaps, my lord," said .Sir
.facob, " that my friend liollon speaks too strongly ; but,
fter all, whut business has any man to think this and
the otliei of himself if hii hank aci-ount is at low- water ;
or what can a man cxpeul to enjoy in tliis world, if he
iiinot pay lljr it ?"
"Very little, truly," said Arnwood, thonglitfully ;
"hut I merely ventured a remark upon the inisli)rtune il
is to virlue and good leeling among men, as wi-ll as to
Iho general dilVnsion of happiness, tli.il such opinions
should tie recognised and applauded ; while I expressed
a wish th.'ittbe advantages of coinnieree could he enjoyeil
with less of that degrading and niiliuppy concomitant,
whit-li 1 legret to know is bo general in this nicrcanlih-
eonmmnity."
" It is not liir you or I, my lord,'' said Mr. liolton,
"to Iroubin ourselves about the stale ol society und the
dilViision of happiness, and all that."
"I'poii my word, I helievo not," replied Arnwood;
"and yet one eunnot help sometinies lamenting that
sliopkeeping preju(li(0s should have in many instances
reached the higher classes, to the destruction of all ele-
vated leeling ; anil thai thus the great national value of
an aristoerai-y is so liir lost."
" I should be glad lo know wliul your lorilsbip moans
by sho|ikeeping prejudices," said liolton, wurinlv. " I
e.iu'l understund what sort of pride any man eaii have
if it Id not in his money and hi.-t money's worth; and if
you ineuii hy sliopkeeping prejudices the practical sense
and piiidence of siilistanlial men who have made Iheir
own fortunes, I say il burilly becomes those lu talk
igainst them who huvu scarcely uno guinea to rub
against unotlier."
" It bei'omes every one In speak the truth, sir,'' re.
plieil .\riiwiiod, I'linienipluoiisly, "to those who have
i-apacily to undeislai.d, and a disposition lo relish il.
Hut I fully grant that lu many it is bitterly unpala-
table."
"Truth — lin — Ini! — as iftliere weroaiiy want of I ru lb.
There is no want of I mill us liir as I i-aii fen, but gn iil
want of money in Ibis world," said the squire, « inkiiii;
signilieanlly lo bis frieiiilH. " I wonder what your loril-
sbip will treat us with next ; Tlin dilVnsion of happi-
ness, no diiiibl, or the amelioration of society, ha, ha 1
I never hear a iiiuii talk of these things, but I begin to
suspect lliut his pockets .iro d d empty, or lliut
periiaps bis coat is out al elbows, ha, ha, lia I''
" .-Villi I never liearn iiiiin talk as you are now doing,"
siiid .AriiHood, liis wrath thrmiing eomplelelv ofl' his
liirmer reslniinl, " but I strongly suspect that he is a
disgrace to his specues, and is, in short, lu use your own
phrasenlngy, d (I worthless."
" Mow daro you say so to me ''' said noUon,\villi llie
greatest wrutli : one would think from the way ynii
talk, that you bad something lo upliohl your ariHloi-nilie
pride; that you weio not obliged lo borrow money ol
your uwn iiei;jlibuuri<, wliu nro able tu buy yuu— yuuny
man — yes, to buy you, and this old rat-trap of a castle,
twice over."
" I'lir (lod's saUe, gentlemen, drop this arguinoiit,
and this unhecoiniiig language," said tlio others, now
iiiterrering.
" I wish to give no olTence, I am sure," said Mr.
liolton, uiiahio lo endure the Iiaughly intensity of
Ariuvood's look of defiance. "lint what is the use of
a man's money if he must submit to iiear such lun-
guiiire ^"
" \'ou are like people of yonr stamp, sir,'^ said Arn-
wood, w illi more calmness, " if you think that a princi-
pal use of il is to furnish an e.veiise fur insulting tboso
who possess il not, yet have pretensions and qualitio8
which throw it into conqiaralivo contcnipl."
" A very likely inalter, ha, lia," retorted liulton,
laiigliing scornfully, " but I liavo sworn it — and no poor
lord, who cannot alliird to look over his own door, shall
ever liirm a union with nie, or feather his hungry nest
w illi my good money 1"
" I have long had a strong suspicion, sir," said Arn-
wood, with bitter scorn, " that money uhtained by (and
he whispered a word in Helton's oar,) wuuid bring mo
neither comfort nor honour."
" What is il you say, my lord ?" said Uolton, rising
and gasping with horror al the luentionjof a word which
Arnw-ood iiad received from .Mr. Waltham of the Mark;
" lake my detiancc, and daro to repeat that word again,
and — "
"I la I Ibrget you to whom you presume to ofl"er
dcliance," said Arnwood; "wretched iiiaii, if tlii; ineii-
tion of a word thus ull'ects yuu, your dcliance I des-
pise."
"Von nro a villain," exclaimed Bolton, rising and
striking the table with violeiiee.
Lord Arnwood made no verbal reply, but taking up
the glass uf w ino belure hiiii, tiircw il into Air. liollon'B
face.
The quarrel had now gone beyond nil manngcmenl,
and .Mr. liolton, who seemed (lerHctly astnni.-hed that
any man who was not rich should dare lo resent his in-
solence, was quilo furious ; and was with dillicultv ro-
slr.vincd hy his friends from allempling to knock liis on.
teilainer down.
" When shall wo meet lo solllo thi.s," said lie, as soon
as lie could recover breath.
" As early as yuu please," answered Arnwood, willi
perleel calimiess.
"To morrow- inorninL', then. — and you shall lie my
second, llulson," said .Mr. liolton to oiiu of his friends
present.
"Why not lo night f said Arnwood sternly, and
almost happy al the opportunity of giving vent to liix
roused tielings; "why not this instanl ; the inuun will
be snlllcient light for such work as this."
The proposal was alter some moments agreed lo, und
pistols being objected to by Ariuvood as likely lo alarm
bis mot her, il was agreed that they should tight witli
the small sword, and suon tin: wliule party deseondcd
the stairs together.
They |iroceeded lo some dislanee in the roar of tlio
castle and towards the shorn, to Iind u spot free from
shadow.
When they had arrived al a eonvenienl place, not far
I'roni the remains of Ibe (hapel Inline noticed, and T -i
lliiiiily biiiying. ground, the comhatanls took l.'nir
swords and eoinineueed wiih great I'liry, pailic-ularly on
the part ol' liollon, w ho puslied with Uroeioiis despera-
lioii; but a few passes sliowi d the superior «wordsniaii-
ship and coolinss ot' Lord .\rnwonil. 'i'he latter soon
assumed the oll'ensive, and pushing his adversary bard,
Hounded liiiii slightly in the shoulder ; w ben the screara
of a female was heard behind Ibcni, and instantly a
stranger wrapped in a cloak lushed between tlio coin-
liataiits.
" Desist — put up your weapons'.'' said the iiilruder.
.'Ml present sieined auia/ed at this interi iiplion, wliilo
the eoinhatants look bieulli.
'• And is il you. Lord .\riiwi«)il ''' naid tlio Inlorruplor
of t he duel, " how olteii am I to liiul you warring against
your fate I"
.\t the sound of the voire, Mr. liollon started; nnd
when Ilin stranger liiined so that the moon shone full
on Ins Dice, and showed the lialiires of .Mr, Waltbaiil
of the Pilot's Mark, the former seemed paralysed, und
ready to drop into the aims of Ins Heeoiid.
" .My loid, pill up yonr sword, and seek your lloiiid,"
said \ir, Waltham ; "you may ai< well atlempt to slab
the air, as to do that wliii h file has reserved for wii- In
actuiniduli. IJu vonlunl, und lua\« lu iiiu tlit pluusuro
- K'l' ■ ■• '•■11^
. i *. '' ', ' '^^
[■M .• ,''';H
f'^ !■ h : >'^^Ht
i|f:'U
-4
A
.•I '
, 1 f
1
'r'.
'^,
*4i
320
UALTIIAM.
or llio crime ul' lukiiiu lliii lilb of tint villain, wliiMi tlir
slc.iily liii'^iT ol' IIiMV.'ii slmll piiiiil to tlio (i;iy and tlio
Iioiii ol" his iiltiniiilo (irsliny.
" Willi is iJKs 1 llmv :iro i/ou liorc?" excluiiiifiil !\Ir.
H.)llii:i, his cli.i'tc^l viiicii L''is|iiiig with horror iis ho stood
st.irinij ii|ion tli<! Ktruii^ri'r.
'• (io, iiiispriMiit 1" sal I tlio liUlor, tnniiiig to tii" squire.
'•(Jo, sir. h'lu' tlin present yoii arc sail'. Kvery thin;;
ubidt's ils liriM*."
"What cm alt Iliii mean!" said Lord Arnwnod.
"How is this, Mr. Wallhain, lliatyou interrupt nie in
takintf vcnticain'i' on this man .'''
" Venjranrn is tnino 1" cxelainicd the stranjer of the
Mark. "It is not \hr i/mi to talk ol' ven^jeanco while my
wton^'s remain nnavenu'ed."
Hero Mr. Hollon strove to say somclliinjr to Mr. Wal-
lhain, hut his a^italion was so orreat that iiolhinij iiitel-
liirible could he made mil. Th'' seconds now mlerlered,
and whisperimj to Lord .Vrmvooil (hat his adversary
was wounded, the latter was led slowly oft" the Held.
" What liriiisis you hern at this time of nifjht, Mr.
Wullliam .'" a',rain o.'.ipnrod Arnwood in surprise.
"Tliis is neither the time nor the [ilaco lor explana-
tion: meet mo on I he heacli to-morrow morning', and I
will explain all ; you have heoii in darkness too loiiff:''
— ind he prepared to depart.
" Hut tell me, I entreat you, how knew you we were
to meet, and heio V
"'I'oinoiTow I will satisfy yon,'' replied Mr. Walthaiii.
» Did I not tell y(m, that you were not to marry .Miss
Uolton ' Hut liirewell 1" and ho moved iVoni the s|Hit.
As Lord .Vrinvood turned towards the castle, he could
not refrain from looking round tonseerlain whether any
one had accoinpanieil .Alr.Walthani to the scene just past ;
and as he watched for a moment, ho distinctly observed
a female Ibrni cmerifc from the shadow into tho open
nioonliirht, when. Inkinir her conductor's arm, the pair
proceeded onwards in the direi:lion of the I'ilol's .Mark.
riLVI'TliR VI.
Iiord .Arnwood was puiicliial to his appointment on
the next moriiinff, actuated by no slijfhl impatience to
lie.ir from the lips of .\!r. Wallhain such pnrliculars of
his history as would, iit the same time that they cleared
up the myslery altaehinij to his extriiordinary tenant,
discover the relation that had lierelnfore subsisted he-
Iwein him and .Mr. Hiillon ; and while they laid hare
the character and former pursuits of one whose ri'|inla-
lioii, even in a woiMly sense, was iio'v more than iloiibl-
ful, would place hiin upon his miaid a:;ainst any future
overtures or corroinM)ndence that niifflit lio inaile or
soii'rht by him.
With this view, no sooner was he seated by (he side
nf his new fi ieiid, llian he besoiijlit him earnestly to
disclose those events in his lili', which more ospccially
related to his neii;hhour of (he Mall.
'On a previous oecasinn, .Mr. Waldiam i" said he,
"you alluded to your own experience, and to eveiils in
voiir past lile ; •■ inlon my curiosity — but your cireuni-
stane^« .- a, in reinarkahle, (hat it would );ratily me
much to know Komethiii^' of your history."
" It is piinfnl lo me to speak of sad events," si)rlied
Air. Walthall), prcssini; his hand on his heart, "bn( 1
owe 111 yon any (liiiii,' you ask, that may even 1 y clianci'
I'ratifv or instrnet you. Hnl the laleofa stranger's life,
wliieh will occupy some time in (he narration, may mily
weary, without iiilereslini; you."
" I feel that what you may please to tell iiii^ rejfttrdiii;;
you, will interest me much;" said Arnwood, "pr.iy
proceed."
" You were of a^e the oilier day, my lord : / eanic of
ngc five and (liir(v years ajjo, adeiided by an eil.'it dial
Hceiiis now astonisliini; lo me, when I (liink of all llial
has sinie happened. Widionl enleriiit; inio particulars
rcHardiii^' my forefidiers, I sliall only say, lli.il my I'allnr
was of a eoll ilenil lir.ineli of ii noble liimlly, well known
III :.|,i,, . II .viiiK 11 liirii for mereaiilile udvenlnre,
rather than employ hi-^ lime in piirsnils miri ly fishiona-
hle, he cnlered into v.irioiis spei ill ilioiis, eoimeelid with
llie public seeiirilles, and willi our liidi.iii posKcssions. in
mIiicIi he w;'H nin)j[uliirly forliiiiale, and iiiii.iHscd riches
ail If liy inajiie.
"Thus when, hy llie death of my elder and only hro-
llier, I found myself the leir lo all llie wcmIiIi iiecii-
innlateil by my I'alher; and wlen, under these eireiiin-
slanecs, I hi came of ii|fc,(here i^eemed (o he no end (o (he
I'enNtinff and reioieiuLf, with which (he day was hailed
by crowds of wnrBliippim; miii liiiie friends. In like
iiiaimcr, sliorlly nller my fitlicr died, (liere seemed lo he
.as little end to the property of one kind and anodier of
which 1 was the inheritor.
" I was now a man oflarije fortune, and launclied into
society, and into all the expcnsi's to which 1 was advised
by those who wi re l»'.st fitted to prescril>c to me the con.
duet becoming a rich coinmoner of Kn<;land. I kept
lar<;e establishments in town and country, which I never
visited; and laid out ijrounds and eri-jtcd buildinirs for
which I liaii no usi\ 1 kept a iiiimlxir of servants who
tried to make ine vain, if, indeed, it was |)ossihlc to aug.
nicnt the vanity of wliitli I lud so siillieicnt a share —
but these were more a plapuc to inc and a rcstr.iint, than
an addition to iny enjoyments; and, in short, I cnmniit-
led alt the enormities, whieli sicni so common-place in
the teltinL', that [kts ins Iwrn lo much wcaltli are so
prone to fall into in tlic tiiougtitlcss waiitoimess of abuii-
danei."
" Were you very liappy, sir, in the enjoyment of such
ample nutans of (.'ratiiyinj your wishes !" said Lord
.\rnwood, inlerruptiiiir liini. " Il iii.ay ap|)car absurd in
me lo ask such a question, — but did you enjoy life very
hij;lily, when you had all tiiis weatlh .'"
" Sot very iiiijlili/, my lord. Hut I should have been a
eliiirt or a stoic, if I did not enjoy the world very much,
in a certain sense, at least for a time. To be sure, this
facility of obtaining whatever my wanton fancy wished
for, made niu -something of a voluptuary ; and, ut length,
I ollen fell wretched and worn out from very satiety, and
the want of sometliiiiir that was wortli siiihinjf for, but
which was licyond my reach. Still it wouid be to adopt
the ijrnorant cant of preaching poverty and envious vul-
garitv, if I did not admit, that, u|)on the whole, I enjoyed
life extensively ; and that I saw and lie^rd such things as
they only whom some natural ta.ste ajid abundant wealth
have admitti'd into the tliird heaven of luxury, both in
the refined and sensual meaning of the word, can know
or eoiK eive.
" I admit with the vulgar, that, allliougli I had twenty
houses, I could not live in more than one at a time: nor
of my scores of Ixds, could I ii.se more than very few my.
self— and the same with the horses in my stables, or the
dishes on my table. Yet I will not allow, but that there
is ninch pleasure in the consciousness of having, and be-
ing able lo enjoy, if men would only use their blessings,
as blessings ; — and it is glorious to have no care nlxiiit
the sordid w.ints and |ictty an-xictics which harass ncorly
nil mankind."
" .Mlow me to ask you," said I<ord Arnwood, as ho
paused ; " did you exercise iiiucli iH'novolence in circum-
I aneos so favourable to that virtue/ 1 should really
likn to know if, when you had such means, you wero of
much service to others in tho world, hy contributing to
lessen tho ainnunt of human sulVcnng. You sec, sir, I
draw upon your candour."
" I cannot say that 1 did," answered Mr. Wallhain
lo any material extent ; and to tell yon all the reasons
would involve disipnsliions which must be todiuus to
you. To say truth, I |H>sitivcly knew nothing of the
iillbrings of the untbrtunate among my Icllow nion, al-
though 1 had amply the power to relievo them. In
fact, I was i|uilo ignorant of human life and its dopriva.
(ions; how tbcii could I »yni|>atliiso with misery which
I hardly could conieive: or how should I be expccied (o
relieve suiVering of which 1 was Iihi rich to have the
most distant apprehension, and too thoughtless and wan-
Ion ill (he gradfieadun of my own wishes, (o understand
either the nature or tho inlunsily I In tiicl, 1 knew
nothing of the world until I iiiy>elf ex|M'rioiiced inisfur-
luiie and calamity, and learned to know llio depths of
social svmpalhy, and the nolcinn aeiiousnesH of even
physical evil.
*' In my thirtieth year, I wan surprised at finding that
my money was not inexhaustible; and that, in fact, my
attairs were in a stain of eonfusioii, which, in tho course
of the yi ar, became still ' worse coiilounded.' 1 was
aliirineii, and grew thoughd'ul, at the bare idea nf such
an impossibility as (he inirachi that I should not bo rich ;
and waxing serious and romantic, as I liecamo compa.
rali\ely |Ksir, I liegaii to adiiiiro and to hate in good
earnest. I discovered also that I had fallen into the
liabil of talking of (he i|iialiliea of llio hnail and under-
Hiniiding, as I came to know my own ne.iknnssoa; and
I now looked abioad, and discriiniiialed chaiadcr, and
admired Iseinty — and moreover, I, foi lliu hist tiiiiii in
my lili', fell deeply and snrioiisly in love.
" I niarried a lady of no for'iiiie, bill tho 1110^-1 amia-
ble, I iniglil say tho mn*t admirable, of human beings.
\Ve reliied into the rniinlry, where we prini'ipally re-
snled for several years, and wlieie I was iimdo tho happy
fallier ol Iwn daiiglilera, as stinpio and heantiliil as lluii
angelic iiiuIIkt.
But thero was one event happened before my il,,,.
lioth year was completed, besides my marriage, hIiki,
fully awakened me to thought, and prepared me in mj,,,,.
measure for tho changes that followed. This wasih.
circumstanec of my non-election for the seat in parii^^
incnt I had occupied with perfect credit lo niystli, ,„,|
satisfaction to my constiluents, for Iho previous „,
years. .M this election, there started a compeliiorifl
the person of u Colonel ("orvet, who set alroul (i|)|i„s,r„
ne with tho coolness of a military veteran, aiirf u,,
seicneo of a man who was nceustomed lo, and, if nort,
sary, prepared for any disap|xiiiitineni.
1 hardly knew, however, what di.sappoinlmeni w,,,
and making light of tlin colonel's ojijiosilion, Irecaasr h,' I
professed comparatively nothing, 1, with the naiurj
reliance in tho all-su(iieioiiey of money, put inyscli't.in, 1
trouble in trying to defeat what I considered aim.
tempted impossibility, and ineiely gave orders (umjl
agents lo take care that 1 was returned as usual, ji„
that no expense should bo spared in showing lliecdo«l |
the lolly of his 1 iTorts.
"On tho first day of the election, and pari of 1.5 1
second, my voters wore so numerous, compared lotlio?
of my opponent, that 1 only laughed at the iiiiixiicni I
ambition of |)oor men; but what was my aslonisliiiioni, I
after having gone homo lo my house, considcrln'r ihc
election finished, when intolligenco was broujlil nt \
that I had lost my seat by a single volo! I started up
in amazement and rago, lor the purimso of trying ifano.
thor volo or two could be found, when I was told llui
llio whole number had been already |)oIled, and thai llie I
colonel, amid loud cheers, had already been doclarcil |
duly elected.
Tho cft'ect this defeat had upon my foclinjis alllie I
time, and the wound it gave to my pride, I eaniiut adt. I
lualely describe, though I now look back uiwn llic irn. [
tinnal inroad U|)oii my tran(|uillily, caused liy llic Fveci. I
with the contempt it deserves, I did not then percenel
that, by means of this evil, the wise planner of iny des.
tiny was training my mind for the enjoyment of motel
rational happiness, and, against my will, making me 1 1
wiser and a bolter man.
" Although tho loss of the contest heljiod, in llii' lir.i |
inslaneo, to reduce my fortune, il, U|K)n tlic niml
lurnod out a happy uccurrence; lor in the eveiil iirmt. I
cess, I should liuvo lived in town in my forinorslylel
aller 1 had boconio unable lo atford it, and so liavelus.r
lened my ruin. Stilt I had much projNBrty in llicruiLiJ
and also in West India possessions; allliougli Iriiunjl
lliat my dislasto to any thing troublesoinii bad licral
well taken advantage of by several intermediate {wrsjoi,
who contrived lo socuie a tolerable profit from aiy loijul
hy arts of which I was then ignorant.
" Thus, although I lived chiotly with my fainilr 1
tho country, in comparative innuoration and crniimni,!
evciils occurred year uller year in my uHairs, wliidi, ml
spite of my prudent regulations, wore gradually, as ll
saw with alarm, reducing mo to tho dreaded siliuillonoll
an impovcrisliod gontloman. If ever it was Irur, Hull
riches, in some cases, by tho particular giiiil.Kuc vll
I'rovidonce, m«^e (u (/K'lH.vf/rts wings and llee a«ai,i,r|
that an overruling fate destines ono man to tiu |Hurir.dl
another lo be rich, it was exemplified in my liisluiyJ
Kor, until the ago of thirty, every species ol prii|«rltl
iH'liiiiging lo me became ei.uaiiced in \alne, ami, imif
withstanding my extravagance, seemed to areuiiiiilii'';
while, aOer that period, nolwithstaiiding my iiiiiiwli
eeoniMiiy and best inanageinoiit, uvory tiling doteriiiritJ
ed, or was totally lost to mo.
" At one lime, by the advice of my banker, I vaiinJ
diiced lo embark largely in a .scliemo wliiili IiIjIIi
liiiled, leaving me and several other eapilali^lHtuliMil
the loss lo a largo amount, while its original |itoji'Ci<in
contrived lo pocket the wreck of the assets; at iiiiiiIIkiI
In order lo pay oH'the engagements in wliieli Ihimiiccnl
lalion involved me, I was forced to i-ell a lieauliliir
eslale in Sussex, and took hills fur it upon a iiii'iaiiiill
house ill Iioiidon, which heeamc biinkriipl at iIip hid
limn Willi the purchaser, iH'Ibrn the hills lieiaiiiP diirl
and dills, besides my former loss, I tost inv \.ililiililiT<l
talc, receiving a dividend of about two slnlliiiBi ihlh^
|Kiuiiil only, iipiHi upwards of sevenly tliiiii~>iiil.
" In short, without troubling you with |mrliriili
wliieii woulil he us liiesomn as a sick iiiiin's lii>lrani
his eoinplainls, every thing I allompled f^r llio riswi'il
or seeuiily of my romaimng pro|H'rly— every nrrlw
which my anxiety lor my now-inurensiiig raniil
prompled ill" lo inako, only ended in nggrnvnlmj I
evils (hey were inlended lo avert ; and in druwiiiL''
me, by piecemeal, a properly which once neciiienlol
innxhaiislible.
"1 now hasten," 1
part of my history w
Mr. Boltuii. Alas, Il
in llie cour.so of our I
pronounced at last w
" The truth began
miiciyof mind whir
urn and even blainea
|»«sncss; that there
slia|«d.out destiny lo
Insiilimil, and which
■ilaiiily that there is a
I one man and sctlelh
urnduco.s etfcct ; and 1
•^iinl i'aiil, or the fate
lilt stoic, who holds t
lion of tilings iili tele,
which, in spito of o
I rforls, shall place eai
I inch circunislancos as
"At all event*, aftr
I iocoss.inlly declined ii
sisdoin, 1 began lo
mind, under unavoida
Ibin is generally siipp
u possible. In ;»revont
coming evils, which I
I lurii aiiidi).
".My properly, liowi
I of such various denoin
I tnsive niisforlunes of
I I ilill retained what ii
Ifcrluiic. Diit I did nc
lorice had done, wliici
Imiiiyof lliein treated i
lol'niurse, yet still llio
lanplpanant, pained 1110
" I spt myself dow!
Iril; of Brussels; ano
I molt ^onien, began to
I .Mr. Wallham, afior a \
joi'my finry. I may n
Ibota fallier is fond am
ImiVd in nlliers conti
linil ni}'!<e!f cnlerlained
|li;lil»ilh which wo lie
Jos and as wo wnlchoi
le.Ty vnliiiieni they 0;
"While we lived in Ti
|li<lnian, who, in addi
liiid a giwd |ierson, hai
Imiiiig considerable w
lliiin to an iiilrodiiclioii
lieiKlint' in din place,-
luninnrricil daiigiilers.
Iifili'k'rahle privaev, my
lunch atleiilion ; and th
I.Mr, nollen, contrived a
jloiuy fjiiiily, AI1I1011
Impfd lo ticconin a liivo
Ipilinl to my d.iughlun
ftitli hill iilleiilions.
".Allhis lime I nicdi
iRitiin |Kirlioiis of my |
Ihr liiisiiiess, and consiii
IHiinlnl lolinnsomelhii
I mil Mgcrness, from n
lind<niiii. liy arlfiil inipi
liwi gi'iii'inl Nliilcineiii
IB; praising my heart n
lnd'Uiiiitss, Willi what
Jiniial my iunoi.inee, ni
liilvanln;.i.s>h|, j_s||nH
lp"iy »a«, and how n
Imijlii In niiide — he, in
jinil iidueed me (o gr
llnnMCI liu^iiiess for inr
I '•'inijut, nit'li as he rec
"■•'foma natural ahli
|l»luiiiler«liiinl. yet will
'•uir»roili„ys,.|"t |„ be
hluihgavB hii„ ,„,ypr
I'm now nMnnished I
I""" Shall I gel rnio
^'■« stiiiiEs — :^|
my rormcrsuiel
I, and so havelus'l
perty in tlic funAJ
aUlioii);li I rnuiii[
blosuino had liccn
urmediiilc imrson-,!
ilit I'ruiii inyloiitil
'Wii:^®!^^^ irn^n®® ®im©wmiii^iiM^ i^im^^mir^
VOL. !•
l'IIlI,AI)i;i,l'IIIA, JUNE i, 1833.
NO. 31.
Pkinteii and Ti'DMsntn bv ADAM WALDIB, No. li, Ncirtii Eioiith Strkkt, I'liiuneLPiiii— At §5 fur M iiuinhi r^', iKiynlile In ailviiiici-.
• I now hasten," ('(niliiuied Mr. Walthani, "tothiil
Mtlol'iny liislory whiuli brought mv in contact with
Mr. Ilollon. Alas, Ihcrc are Home men whom wo inuci
in llie course d'our lives, whoso very names come to be
nronounccd at hi.st with pain, almost with horror !
"Tliclriilh be^'an noiv to be forced upon nio, that tlie
anxiclyof mind which niarki'd my latter years, was as
vim aail oven blnmi'ablo aa my fornior wautnn tliought-
l.ssncss; that there Is an overruling providence, or a
.lij.^.out destiny lo whioJi it becomes mortals humbly
li,,iihmil, and which tliey strive against in vain. I naw
ilaiiilv llii'l ll'orc i» an niiRpen |)ownr that takcth down
Mcniaa and setlelli another up, as sure as that cause
p.ndiicca etTect; and whether it Im the predestination of
■>jint i'aiili "r l''" '"'^ of the philosophers, I agree with
llic stoic, »'lia holds that there is an invariable succes-
sion of tliioL's »l> letnrw, the one involving the other,
vhich, in spite of our ignorant wishes or impotent
efforts, shall place each of ns while we live exactly in
mil circumstances as are destined for us,
"At all events, after fwoiily years, during which I
I incrsiantly declined in fortune, although I increased in
vixlon), I began lo bo convinced Hint tranquillity of
mind, under unavoidable events, is a greater acquisition
Ihan if j;cncrally siipjioscd ; and I endeavoured, as much
u possible. In prevent my thoughts from dwelling U|)Oii
miiiij; evils, which I well knew it was impossible lo
I lura asidi).
».\|y property, however, was originally so largo, and
lofiimli various denominutiuiis, that, oven aflcr the suc-
IcHsive misfortunes of twenty years since my irirriagc,
I I ilill retained what many would have deemed a good
l^rlaiie. Dul I did not now live at all in the style I
Imn had dune, which my acquaintances perceiving,
I many of them treated mo accordingly. This I expected
lol'fiiurse, yet still the realisation of an expectation so
I anploasaiit, pained inc and f.Mcd me with disgu.«t.
"I set myself dow> with my tamily in tiio pleasant
Irili' ol' Brus^tels; anu now my daughters, who wore al-
Innil *oiiien, began to Alas, my lord," continued
Ijlf. Wallham, aO^r a pause, " this begins a painful part
lol'inv story. I may not talk lo you of my daughters,
Ibiili nilhcr is fond and |>artial,aiid the admiration they
ItiuU'd in others conlirmcd the opinion their mother
luiilmyscil' ciilerlHiiicd of them, and enhanced the do-
lli^lit with which wo liehcld thcin as they uccoinpanied
losandas no watched every idea they imbibed, and
lf\,'ry spntiinent tlii'y expressed.
" While we lived in 3riiSRcl» there came a young Kng-
Minan, who, in addition to a prejHissossing addres.s
liiid a jjimtl |icrs«n, had villained the character of |>ns-
Imiin;; eoiisidorablc wealth, which, of course, entitled
Ihimlonn iiitnuluelion lo llie principal lOiiolish families
litinlini; ill llin place, — particularly to those who had
liinmnrrieil daoghlors. jiy this lime, nlllimigli we lived
linloliTuhle privacy, my daughters had begun lo attract
liancli atli'iition ; and this person, wliu was no other than
iMr. r'<dli>n, contrived after some lime to get intrudiicod
■ to my liiiiiily. Alllioiigh I seldom saw him, lie ma-
lnH lo licnomn a favourite with my wili>, and a showy
l(iiliiil lo my daughters, whom ho consiaiilly |>esturnil
liil'i hi^ alleiiljoiis.
".At Ihis lime I modilaled soino plans with regard to
Iwilain |»irtimi« of my pro|M.'rty ; and, lie having a talent
Ihi liiiKiiiess, and consiilerablo knowledge of the world,
Ihmlfil III hiin something res|ioe.liiig thiiiii. fie listened
liith eiijjcrnes", from ii" apparent dosiro In serve nie;
liiid.<«m.liy artful iiiqnirieM and inNiiiiiations, drew from
Imi ui'iieral sinttuiimit of the Kiiiialinn of my ulV.iirs.
iBt praiviiiit my heart niiil lilaining my henil in matters
Inl'iiiiiicss, Willi what Mumed a manly freeihnn— siiiil-
ImtnUiiy 11(111)1 .inee, and wondering how 1 nIiouIiI let
liilvanU^Ms ►lipi -sliovving nut in wlml danger this pro-
||i"ly Kos, and liovv iiineli imire prodiictivn nniilhcr
Ini^lit Im iniiile— he, in finr, obtained all my ciiiifnlence,
ii'l iidiiiTil me 111 grant him powers ul attorney lo
ItrinMrl hhiiiess llir mo in London, and lo make various
I ''iins's, siieli MS he rceommendud.
"hnin a luiliirul alibinrenoo of business which I did
|iWuiiiln»niiiil,yet with nnominnui niisgiviii|f nfinind,
lliufrercd inyelllo be prevailed U|Hm to execute deeds,
I'liuli gavs hiin powers over my projiorty, with wl.ieh
1 1 "in now nKlniiished I ( Id over have invested nnv
Im" Shall I gel ml uf the bluniw tklUclmbl* lo aucli
Miv siiiiiRA— :^t
conduct as this, by pleading that I was only doing what
I seem to have been /i;/ei/ to do? I know not; but as I
intended every thing lor the best, and was in fact iiii-
pollod to the imprudence by anxiety for the welfare of
my family, perhaps infaliiation, in the popular scnso of
the word, will be the hotter term of the two.
' However, I saw no reason then for doubling that 1
had done wisely, nor did I even ilreiim that, wlialover
.Air. Bolton had previously been, I had, by my iinliinitcd
confidence, placed a temptation in his way which few
mere men of the world are able to resist.
" Aller his departure, my wile, who had been declin-
ing in health tiir some time, became so miicli worse
that I grew seriously alarmed, and begired the oliysi-
cians lo say if, by any step that could ho taken liir her
benefit — any possible management, any change of place
or diirorcnco of air — there was the slighte.-it chance of
recovery ; for, cost what it would, I was willing to un-
dertake it. They reconimcndod a trial of sea air liir a
short lime, and ailviscd a voyage to the island of Ma-
deira, which we forthwilh prepared lo niulertako.
" My groat anxiety was now about my daughters, ns
I intended to accwnpany my wife on her voyage, and
could neither think of taking them with us tooncoiintei
the dangers of the sea, nor was easy at the idea of leav-
ing theiii behind to incur the perils of unprotected youth
and beauty on land. While deliberating on this sulijnct,
my tlioiights turned to the family of an oUlcrly gentle-
man of the most retired niannors and orderly habits,
who, with a single unmnrricd danghter, lived in a de-
lightfully Nitualcd woody lane in the suburbs of the
city, and under his roof I proposed placing, until my
return, the precious charge of my heart.
" Hoforo I loll Brussels, I received letters from Mr.
Bolton at London, stating, though in terms extremely
brief and vague, that ho had executed my orders in
most particulars to his wishes, and, as he doubted not,
to my satisfaction ; adding, that ho liopi'd lo see me in
Plandurs upon my return from the voyage which he un-
derstood I was about to undertake. My anxiety about
my wife's health, however, was at this period ►o great,
that 1 thoiiglit little of any thing else; and sullenng
myself to bo satisfied with what was stated in this let-
ter, and the urrangements I had made for my daugh-
ters, I embarked with my dear dying Angela iin our
voyage to llio island ol .Madeira.
" But when I at length liiund myself on ship. board
and my lovely girls weeping at parting from their mo-
llier anil iiio, and thought that 1 was about sailing fniiii
tho shore whore I was obliged to leave them, the griel
of a father and a hnshand i|iiilo overcaino me; and wliile
I looked ill the face of my ungelic wilo, now hectic and
wan with sickness, and then in those of my bloominir
daughters us they clung to us, my exeiled feelings be-
came strangely iiii.xed with purteiitiiiis anlicipations ul
some approaching disaster.
" J)ut I did part from my dear children, and I saw
their mother part from tlicni forever. Alas! I did em-
braco for the last lime my beauteous I'Mtm. I dlil
receive her ulVectinnato pressure. I did li'el her lili.il
kiss upon my cheek. Ilow hitin did 1 think then what
was to be her fate — that I was never to seo her from
that hour to tho presnnt. — .\li, I am an unhappy nniii!
Kxciiso me," (ontinued .Mr. Wallham, much ulfccled,
"Ihis is a sad siibji et to a f.illier."
Do not let mo distress you," said Ariiwood, " I
would not hurry you with yonr story."
"Not lo liouble you with the particulars of my voy-
age, lij the time wo reached IMadnira my dear Angela
seemed so iiiueli Is'tler, that I was iiidlieed In eonleiii-
plalo a slay on the island lor a considerable period, and
wo purchased a liou.ie and roiiveniencos for that pur-
pose. But the holies that at first Haltered mo weie,
alter u resideneo ol some months, totally dissipated, and
my wife seemed evidently in an iiicurablo cniisuinption.
As she grew worse, an intense anxiety «(M7.iiiI upon her
to see our eliildreii nneo niaro, and, IcariiiK thn worst, I
hastily embarked with her lo return lo Bolginin, from
which we had nnly oneu heard since our ria|iarliire
nearly a year liefore. 'i'liu unly vessel I nnild fiiiil was
a small one, iHinnd to an ohscnrn port in lOngland, and
in this I plaicil her, I'nowing the readiness with wliieli
we eiiiild there obtain eonveyanee lo the asylum where
our bvluveij vliildrvn worn placed.
" Wo wore not more than a few days at sea on our
oyngo homeward, when a visible allerulinn took place
In my dear wile; and while I watched lier in despairing
anxiety, I saw dealli gradually changing those sweet
features which had not lost an attraction in twenty
years. One night as I sat up with her. the inidnight
wateli having been set, and every thing as silent as
leatli upon the black waters, I saw by the dim cabin
limp which swniiir slowly over her with tliu dnil roll of
the ship, that life was drawing lo a ehisc, and that timo
lo her was lo be no longer. I saw her beckon to ine,
anil stooped to receive her last words.
" I only heard a whisper or two at first, which I could
not understand; but at length she spoko a few words
clearly and distinctly; ' l''ew — few,' she said, ' liavo
lived as you and I have done for twenty years ! I have
seen niisrortiine nnd loss coming gradually upon ns, but
I praise heaven that no change has occurred in onr nf-
li'ctions — alas I I only grieve that I am taken away from
sharing with you whatever evil may bo to come. All I
wish is, that, if possible, I may be buried in Kngland,
and that you may bo spared to take caro of my daugh-
ters, whom I am never to see more.'
" She died ! she died, repeating tho name of our child
I'liza, fbr whom seme ominous anxiety seemed lo op'
press her.-
" Think of my reelings," continued Mr. Waltliani«
much alfected, " for six days after this, as I lay in my
small cabin, will) the corpse of my dear wife lying cold
and clianged beside me !
" Will it nut appear to you strange, thai the first Kn!r.
lish land we saw one morning was that very hoadlanit
called Hail Hill; and tho first prominent object that
strnek ns, as wu drew near Hie shore, this very lmilding<
well denominated the Pilot's Mark, which I mw occupy
by your benevolent condescension I By a bribe to tho
seaman, I caused them to land nic and the romnins of
my dear wife in this identical bay, called the I'lrato's
Creek; and by the permission of your honoured mother^
during the time your lordship was abroad, my Angela
was buried in that romantic old bury ing-ground, near
the cemetery of yonr own family."
" My (iod !" excluiiiH'd Ariiwood, involuntarily, as Iio
reriilleiled the evening when .Mr. Waltham interrupleiJ
his duel with Mr. Bolton near the same spot ; " and yonr
laiij;lilcrs, w here are they ! Surely I saw
The eldest 1 have never Is-lield since her mother
anil niysolf parted from her in Brussels. Alas! how
eaii I tliink of it ; and that villain — ■ "
" But the oilier';'" said Arnwood, impatiently. " You
had two; and Ihis lonely building where you live is no
place liir ladies."
"Slie is sale as yet," rrplioil Mr. Wallliam, waiving
the question; and then, after a pause, ho continnctt
thus —
" Shortly nfter my ponr Angela was laid in the earth,
I set out alone nnd dejected to meet my daughters at
Brussels. My passage across the channel I thonghl iii-
siillerably tedious; and when at lenglh I drew near In
the city wlieie my children ilivell. I eoiild not rensml
myself out of an impressinii that hung like the night-'
mare iipnn my spirits — a dark, formless, niilicipation of
.istoiii.slmiont and woe."
cnAI'TKIl VII.
"When I nrriMilat Brussels, audi niered the house in
which I had left my ehihlren, I Ihiiiighl the very ser-
vant who o|icned Hie door looked slrangely in my face,
as if lie knew something ihiil he dared not tell lie ; ami
instead of my daughters coming to iiicil me on the stairs,
only one, the youngest, after Rome liine, eript slowly into
the apartment into wlileli I hndl«'eii shown, ns if aslinmcd
lo see MIC. I asked Agaftin for her sister; I looked round
in dread; I maile Iwinty enquiries in a hrenlli; but my
other daughter did mil make her np|s-arnncc; and the
|SMir child nt my knees was only able lo answer me by
sobs anil leari.
" It was some timo lieforf I learned the rxicnf of my
iiiislinliines, Mr. Ilollim, in whom t had so eonnded,
had found the temptalinn to use, for his own ndvanlnge,
the [lowers I had entrusted to him, Iiki strong liir whatever
virtue he originally |«is«esseil. He gave wny lo that
tcin|itution, and hy arts which it \roulil Im' tedious lo un<
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^•4
322
WALTllAM.
ill-
!•
v:.'
foil), not only BpproprinUd lliti wliolo of my remaining
profHTty to himscir, but in order to screen liimself from
public ojjprobriuni, 8prcad the most infnnioua ri iwrts re-
gnrdini; nie in IJrnssels in my absence, to which city he
rctnnicd some months after I had left it.
" This man li.id long loved my eldest daughter, and
while 1 was still rich, and his own possessions incon-
diderable, he had paid his court to tis \m\h as humbly as
if ho considered the possession of my child's hand in
marriage almost too much for him to hope for. But the
nmnient ho was master of my property the state of the
rase iK'cama totally changed. He retiiined nil his love
for Eliza, but had lost his rcijicct, because she, by his own
villany, was now destitute of fortune. He therefore set
about turning the impression lie had niailo upon her by
liis long continued assiduity, to the gratification of his
passions, by the accomplishment of her ruin."
" Heavens 1" interrupted Lord Arnwood, "and bow,
Mr. Walth.ani, when you knew all this of Bolton's charac-
ter, could you live on my estate and hoar of my cntcr-
taiiiiug, for a moment, the idea of becoming connected
with tlic villain, witliout giving nic such information as
would provo a wuning to mo against so detestable a
union "
" There was little occasion for warning you," replied
Mr. Waltham, " further (ban the rhyming hints delivered
to you by my servant, Murdoch Macara, which you may
remember hearing one moonlight night, as he conducted
you home from New Hall — or the word I prompted you
to speak in tho presence of Bolton, which was the cause
of vour quarrel. No, my lord, I knew your character too
wcil to apprehend any such union.
" In brief, Bolton had made use of all the usual arts
of n crafty seducer to get the poor child into his power;
to which mdecd the formality of life and unsuiLible re-
straint im|>osed upon my spirited girls in the family of
Mr. Toller, instead of being a preventive, were only too
favourable. By false reports concerning me and the pos-
ture of my affairs, and by a constant assiduity, more I
imagine than from any regard inspired by hinisolf, he
succeeded, as I have since iicard, in making my unfor-
tunate daughter desirous of an union with him ; he then
persuaded her to consent to its taking place in private;
and next, under prctouee of having the ceremony imme-
diately performed, he induced her to leafe the house of
Mr. Toller clandestinely with him, and no doubt com-
pleted her ruin — for there ho lives in my very neigh-
bourliood, while I have never heard of my unfortunate
child since."
After a few minutes' agitated pause, Mr. Walthum thus
proceeded : —
" Tho flight of my daughter with Mr. Bolton came upon
me like a clap of thunder; but it was by degrees only,and
in the answers to letters which I v^Tote to Iiondon, that I
learned that he had rohl)ed me of my pro(H?rty.
"Conceive my situation, as I sat after receiving this
inliilligenee, musing on my singular fate — now a bereft
man, deprived of every thing I had possessed in the
world — my child fled I knew not whither, and my poor
lonely Agatha sitting at my knees, looking in my sorrow-
ful fiicc like a sinless infant, marvelling that any thing
should have occurred in this pleasant world, and on that
sweet summer evening, to mako one human Uing im-
happy.
" liiit something was to lie done without d(^lav, to
realise even the means of present supimrt. I first sold ofl"
nearly the whole of tho valuables in my house; and having
still n little proiK-rly in the island of Mndeirn, I deter-
mined to return thither with my remaining daughter, to
turn it into cash, hoping that in the mean time my frienii
in Brussels, Mr. Toller, might l>c able to obtain fome in-
lelligeiice respecting my misled and fugitive child.
" Agatha and myself soon left Flanders; and, as if
Providonco Isinevolenlly intended to reconcile me grn-
dually to my lute, our voyage to iMadeira,|)artly from the
fineness of the weather, and |>artly from the society with
wliirh we fortiumtely mi:t,was more than usually plensitiit.
My poor Agatha was diliglited with the novi^lty of the
voyage, and the exeitenient on Uvj arrival in a new coun-
try ; and us I fouiul some difBeulty in dis|)ONing of my
house, we were detained in this agreeable spot fur n con-
siderable time. At length, having disposed of my iwtate
there, niul turned the value into specie, (being determined
to avoid all risk, by having Uic little tliat remained in
solid silver and in my own kiH<ping,) I set sail witli my
daughter iu a ship bound for lOngland.
"On o\ir voyoge homewards it hap|K'ned that there
wcn^ no passengers in tho vessel save myself and my
fiaiighlcr. The weather was at first dull and rainy;
light winds tantalised ns nt onn m'riod with bo|ies of git-
ting forward; und at uiiollicr, boistcrout bi|uuUb, with
head winds and cross currents, drove us back ; and our
time was thus spent in ;-;ernale struggles and des-
pondency.
" In this situation, cowering alone in the chillness and
darkness of my half lighted cabin, or tossed by the fury
of the gale, I could not help brooding over the events of
my past life, and looking gloomily forward tov\ards tJic
future. I was now declined to the very verge of that
|X)verty which my mind had long anticipated, even when,
as yet, it was far from my eyes; and as 1 thought of
Bolton, and the deep and double injuries he had done me,
strange thoughts look fast hold of my spirit.
" VVhile I was plunged in such musings, the winds
gradually increased in force, and began to rush liowl-
ingly along the sea. A great storm arose (as we lands-
men say), and the billows, mountain high, broke over
our heads, while the straining ship danced and dived
like a cork amidst the mass of waters. They rose at
the summons of the winds like angry mor'sters on every
side of us, and seemed to lash tliemselvea in fury that
they could not at once swallow up their prey. Our ship
now reeled and groaned in every timber, and the sea
cleared our decks and stove in our bulwarks ; while the
vessel sometimes hung high on the broken wave, and
sometimes lay weltering in what mariners call the trough
of the sea, like a tired and wounded war horse, after an
unsuccessful charge — and tho sailors began evidently to
be sore afraid.
" It was soon i)crccived that this state of things could
not last long, for our ship was no youngster, and showt d
every moment more and more the craziness and feeble.
nesK of age, when opposed to such a temi)est as tills.
She strained so dreadfully with the roll of the sea, that
the very masts seemed ready to work themselves out of
their beds, and to tear her asunder by tho weight of the
rigging ; while she laboured over the billows, and trem-
bled, and groaned as they struck her prostrate sides, or
passed roaring beneatli. In the midst of this scene, the
sailors began to look scowling to windward, and then to
each other, and I saw some of the hardiest of them turn
pale as they darted fcurful glances itito the black hollow
of the sea. My daughter and myself, unable to stay be-
low, were lashed to the railing near tlie poop, and, I need
not add, she held by me in a stuiior of nervous terror.
" I am thus particular in my description, my lord,"
continued Mr. Waltham, " Iweausc I wish to accompany
my narrative with some account of my state of mind
throughout. During all this time, then, while evident
fear sat upon the countenances of the oldest seamen ;
while the captain himself had ceased to give orders, ex.
cept the hoarse and appilling cry of ' look out ." ' /nj
Imld /' as he watched each sea that was likely to dash
over us, when every thing but our wet and w<:aricd men
had lieen washed overboard — during all this time, I say,
I sat holding my daughter in my arms with an involun-
tary and unaccountable confidence, that, however the
seeiie might end, it would end safely for me ! My poor
timid Agatha began to receive the same impression
from my calmness and confidence ; and while the sailors
looked with terror downwards, as we hung upon the ri<lge
of the wave, and s|ioke in broken wliis|)cr9 as they held
on by the weather shrouds — and while the captain and
mates looked aghast to windward, and liegan to whisjier
of foundering at sea — myself and my dear confiding
daughter seemed the only persons in the ship who were
not filled with trembling and despairing apprehension.
" The cry of' water in the hold !' eompletcd tho scene
of terror and alarm ; and the poor seamen now sot about
trying the pumps with a dogged and ominous silence.
A dreadful roll of the ship with a sudden gust of the
tempest, next drove our main-to|>-mast by the board with
a crash, while tlie solitary stay-sail which helped to keep
her in trim, w.is shivereef in the uncontrollable fury of
the storm. Thi' pumps were now deserteil, the vessel
laboured more than ever, und the sailors liMiked with
longing eyes along the weltering sea, and round
the black and hazy horizon, for any object that might
relieve them fVom the chill sinking of despair.
" What is there in the visible heaven above or in flic
earth beneatli, that can give confidence of deliverance
in such eireumstanees as these 7 I know not — I cannot
see it. It assuredly is not external. It is ftom nu'liigh,
and conferred only by tlie I'ower who works calmly the
consummation of his own purposes, amidst the wildest
lem|iest that ever '-'cw out ot^ tlio clouds. I, at least,
know, tJittt at the in dreadful moiueiit of this crisis
I looked on with the rxeitemrnt of a siieetator, gazing
on a scene of ternir in which he has no other than n
sympathetic cnncern ; for I fi'lt assured that I was to
esrape here, even if riservtd for unoUier death of u
iiioro terrible dvucriptioii.
" The wind now began to fall, and the sea Iwcamg
less ftirious; yet the real danger was not in tlip \n,
abated, for the ship was in no condition to hold out and
the leak was gaining quickly upon the feeble cflbr'i* of
the men. As the wind calmed, we lay on the wai>
like a log; we heard the appalling gurgle of tlic waUr
which was rising in the hold below ; and wc felt n,,
ship sinking slowly beneath us. We were three lim,
dred miles from any land. Even our boats had hffit
washed overboard; the vessel was filling fast, and n
looked around us and up to heaven for relief in vaj„
Dcoth stared us in the face, and now the seamen, lliro»
ing aside all subordination, descended (as is usual in i
such circumstances) into the store-room, and pierced
the spirit casks, swearing that it would be a double
death if they were to go down into the deep to men a
sailor's death, sober. For my own part, I never stirreJ I
from my place near the poop, and my daughter was an.
tonished — I was even astonished myself^ — at my pcrfai
calmness, and my indomitable hope of being still rts.
cued out of the jaws of the watery grave.
" My darling Agatha, trembling, sat looking in my face I
with the serene confidence of an angcl ; while the rack.
cd vessel wieh hardly kept us from tlic sea was sinkinc
beneath our feet. I requested a glass of spirits, (for the
men, except my servant Murdoch, who was on his knees
praying audibly, were not drinking with the greedy re.
gardlessncss of despair,) and, on being handed to me I
prevailed upon my courageous daughter and my Bcrranl
to taste, for we were now faint from abstinence. She
drank a little of what I offered, and smiled sadly ; ny.
ing although she dared not hope, she was now ready
to die with her father. Wc embraced in silence. God
bless my inestimable child ! She grasped me with the I
grasp of death. Yet I had not given up hope. 1 sliU I
preserved my confidence, and I told her so. I
" The bow of our ship was already under water, and |
hoped seemed quite gone. I rose up, after cinbraei;:
my child, to stretch out my benumbed limbs. I saw noj
one near me but Agatha, for tlic men were drinking inT
that part of the vessel which was still out of the sei, I
and some were lying in a state of intoxication, waiiin; |
for death. I looked towards heaven, and towards Iht I
horizon. At that instant the sun, which had been iiiTi(i.|
ble all day, but was now setting, shone out brighllr [
through the stormy haze, and cast a yellow beam over I
the waste of foaming waters. My daughter pointed lo I
his broad disk, and said, ' Father, that is the last tm I
we arc ever to see on earth — look at it ; — wo arc now |
past ho|ic — wc ore sinking fast*
" I sliook my head, almost agreeing witli her, when, I
turning round, I hehelil to my astonishment soniethingl
black between us and the dark heavens lo windward. I
It seemed to have risen suddenly out of tlie sea, for no I
one had oliscrved it. I could scarcely believe my sight. [
It was a brig bearing straight down upon us, and will
not more than a few miles off. I
" 'Sail ho !' I shouted in rapturous surprise, inrolun.!
tarily imitating tlio sailors' cry upon tliis intercttiji;|
sight at sea. I
" 'Sail ho!' echoed every voice on board, from the I
influence of habit, but in a tone of drunken apathy. I
" Tho captain, however, lookod up, roused from bill
stu|)or by the cry, and stood staring for some momcntil
upon tiiu approaching vessel, Iiefbro he was silt tol
s|icak. I
" The word, however, was now caught, and every oncj
jiimiiod up to gnzo upon the stranger ship in ecsltlicl
amazement, I
" But our vessel was sinking so fast, that life iiidl
death seemed siispendeil upon s monient. Tho rhipl
iienred us — our own deepened into tho sea— my daii|!li-|
ter stretched out her arms for help— in five awful mi-l
nutcs after, my child and I were safe I — aud— "
Mr. Walthnm here burst into tears.
" Kxeuse me, my lord," said the old gentleman, rren-l
vcring his composure. " The recollection of that dri.id.|
fill inomeiit, and my child's providential deliviriuicr, 01(1
twi niiieh for my feelings, even now. I
" 'llie impressions made U|ion me by what I hsvenir-l
rated," eonlinue<l he, " might have pasned nwny like ll
vision, but think, my lord, of this very place where »c|
are sitting — this sweeping coast — and these dnrk soedil
round the castle of your ancestors, near which my oldl
enrniy Bolton has set himself down, as if hiding niin'l
self from my sight — think of this hicidcniol spothavin{|
iH'en the first land made by the ship which saved ui!l
Think also of our provisions having licen so run out byl
the additional numlier the vessel hnn now Iu provide faj
that the captain was forced to put us and the rrrw"il
the wrecked aliip ushutc, in u small pott, flic ni'or('<lli>|
"Think also," M
taken good bills on .
payment for my prof
kept thcin on my pel
ivhal originally beloi
lo avoid all risk of lo
Ijnal deprivation whi
,hich it seems evi
)iiightcasily have bei
in which I put my ti
insatiable deep ; and
Ihil 1 should come ti
D ;ioor man."
" There are stran)
Arnwood ; " some <
what to think."
" But now," contii
my mind to my dcst
vi'rty, solitude, and ol
will! my hands for
J,iiighter. It was a i
llii*, to find that Prov
Ibrown nic on a spot r
baried, resting in the
of view of the sad ev
vented ; I sought froi
to dwell in, called th
with my faithful Scot
ol' the sea in which t
lost
" While waiting li<
dcncc meant to dispe
of my child, what ws
te(K)iler of my fortu
was set down at my i
pth, for the fulfilnicn
" J do think and h(
and drawing wrong
deuces," said Lord A;
have not told me wlia
Surely it cannot be p
lime in that solitary h
" Do not ask mc of
"But is she reall
eagerly ; a light breah
" I may not talk to
me."
" 1 know. I sec it
beaulil'ul !"
"What do you sayl
" 1 have, I am sure
\m haunted me ever i
" llewarc, my lord,
lenuily. " My unfort
m\ you are not rich.
bff are sulficient in yi
iddiug to them the ii
wl cif the deep alfeeti
" I will see her. I
her wolliire."
" Do not, my lord ;
»f ymith," he added, \
ilijiiirl; " and wait jiii
reiicca of your own fu
Some time after tho
tnd «r June, a few hoi
ptl) of mariners, sat I
llirf, which tbriiied tin;
luve Mitu noticed. 111,
I of the Pilot's Mark.
(tno win till) large
I time api, had lieeii tin
iheir struitgle among I
old ar,i|uaiiitaiicc, IVfiir
niilvvard ap|)earancc m
him at such |terinds as
vi>ib!c at the castle of
The present was (
"liieh nt this season of
for his I'uduraiice of hi
'•ill "priiig. it was at
iliiigs n yi'llow radittiii
roiinlry, nnil throws oi
fcp shadow ; ajid now
WALTllAM.
323
g witli her, when,!
shiiicnt Kometliin; I
criH to windwanl.r
of the aca, for no I
believe my lifihl. [
upon ua, and »u|
siirpriar, inroluii' I
iD tliia intcrcttiii; I
bonril, from the|
iinkcn aiMthy.
rouaed from bill
for aonio mam<iilil
he naa able to I
(jht, and cvfryoncl
ir Hhip in rcitilicl
1 grnllrman, rml
^tioii of that(ln.-iii'|
a! dclivcTancf, uel
lliis wy '"')'' '" preserve to liiinsclf the means of cna.
Mint li'i" '" "■•^'W''' ''"' tcriuinatioii of hia voyage I"
"it is remarkable," said Lord Arnwood, tlioui,'lit.
"Think also," Mr. Waltham went on, " tliat had I
taken good bills on London, wliicli wore offered nie in
pavrncnt for my property in Madeira, I conld have easily
[fill them on my person, and so retained thus much of
nliit ori;,'iiially belonged to me. Hut my very anxiety
10 avnid all risk of loss, was made the instrument of that
linal deprivation which has brought me to the state at
uliich it seems evident I was fated to arrive. Bills
iniffhl easily have been sflvcd, hut my substantial money,
ji, which 1 put my trust, 1 was forced to yield up to the
insaliiiblo deep ; and I am now, as it seemed inevitable
llijl I should come to be, in the literal sense of the word,
n poor man.'
" There aro strange occurrences in men's lives," said
Arnwood ; " some call them accidents. I know not
ulijt to think."
" But now," continued the narrator, " I had ma<Ie up
nir mind to my destiny. I had almost welcomed |H).
vorlv, solitude, and obscurity. I Iiad resolved to lalwur
nitli my hands for my subsistence and that of my
(Uujiliter, It was a consolation fbr me, in the midst of
llii*, lo find that Providence, who mixes all it gives, had
l!iro«nnie on a spot near where my deardeceased wife lay
buried, resting in the quiet grave beside this castle, out
ol' view of the sad events which she could not have pre-
nnted; I sought from your lordship that lonely house
lodwcll in, ciiJIed the Mark, where I might live, and,
witli iny taithful Scotch servant, seek a subsistence out
ot' the sea in whtcli tlic last of my wealth was for ever
lost
" While waiting here quietly until I saw how Provi-
dence meant to dispose of me, and until I should hear
of my child, what was my astonishment to find lliat the
dcs[>oilcr of my fortune and the seducer of my daughter
was set down at my very side, and placed in my very
path, for the fulfilment of his destiny and mine !"
" I do think and 1io|k', sir, you arc deceiving yourself,
liid drawing wrong inferences from accidental coinci-
dences," said Lord Arnwood, after a pause. " But you
jiavenot told me what is liecomu of your other daughter.
Surely it cannot bo |)ossible that — tliat she is all this
time in that solitary building the Pilot's Mark ?"
" Do not ask mo of her. I have told you she is safe."
"But is she really in the Mark?" said Arnwood,
curerly ; a light breaking in uihjii his recollection.
" I may not talk to you of licr, my lord ; you distress
lUO."
" I know. I see it now. Good heavens, and she so
beautiful !"
"WImt do you say? Have yoti soon my Agatha ?"
" 1 have, I am sure I have ! and the interesting vision
lias haunted me ever sitice."
" lk;ware, my lord, of love," said Mr. Wultimm, so.
Icinnly. " My unfortunate daughter is now a In'ggar,
ffldyou are not rich. Beware, I say. The real evils of
life arc sutficicnt in your circumstances, without su|>er-
iddini; lo them the intense sufferings often springing
mil III' the deep affections and the iniagiiiatioii,"
" 1 \rill sec her. I will, at least, intuiest myself fur
licr wcllnre,"
" Do not, my lord ; do not. Suppress the wild feelings
nf yiiiilli," he added, waving his hand as he prepared to
dqwrl; " and wait patiently for tho predestined occur-
reiicta of your own fate."
r»APTER vin.
Some time after tho foregoing events, and towards the
lud (if .Iiine, a few hours liefore sunset, two men, in the
pil) of niariners, sat by the sea-side u|h)Ii the soft furisy
turf, wliieh formed the surfaco of the little peninsula we
luvf lieilire noticed, that ran into Uio sea nearly in front
of llie Pilot's Mark.
(Inn was tho largo miisRiilnr fislieriuan, who, some
liiiio aifo, lind lieen the op|Kmeilt of Lord Arnwood in
tin ir strnjtgle among the roi;ks j nild tho other was our
»H a('(|ii;iintiuire, IVfurdoi'h Macnra, of the Mark — his
oiitftnrd npiH'aranec more snilor-likc than was usual with
him at audi |icriods as he hail chogon to mako himself
viiiWe at the easlle of Arnwood.
The iireacnt was one of thoso delininim evenings,
«liieh at this season of tho year reward the lOngliKliman
for hill ciiduranee of his long rioiidy winti'r und imcrr.
l«iii»priug. It was at the time ol ilay wlirii the sun
llinirii a yclliiw radiance aslant the micliilntioiis of the
'"untry, ami throws one side of every risin;.' cibjeet into
^ pnhudowi uiid now the rich liglit, rqiosiiijf on tlie
western side of the headlands, marked out with pictur
esqiie distinctness, the graceful sweep of the shore and
bay lying beyond the Pirate's Creek, by the side of
which the lisliermen pursued their occupation.
The two men were reeliiiiiig indolently upon the furzy
sward, Weatliershcet purring to himself eontciitcdly, and
mending his net, while iMurdoch was employed in coil-
ing the lines and busking the hooks belonging to that
department of their amphibious crafl of wliieli lie took
particularly the charge.
" Heeli ! but simmer is a pleasant time," said Mur-
doch to his companion, " just when tho vera nir olV
the land smells o' roses an' swect-breers, an' the
gowans glowr up in nne's fr , when a body lies down
ainang the warm grass. . i' then, tho sea patters sue
pleasantly o'er the peebli's at your feet, just ns it were
fear'd to come near you. It 's really a sweet night, only fiir
thae midges that bi/.z about aiie's ears. But its nae use
of speaking to you, Will Wullierslicet. No u word
frae you — man, ye'ere perfect stupid 1"
" Hum, haw," grunted the other, " what is it you
H'uiit, .Mr. Macara .'"
" Don't maister nie, W'iliinm Weatliershcet. Ye're
wonderful rife o' muisters in this England, as the pud-
dock said to the harrow. But deevil a word o' talk or
jocularity out o' your head, niair than ye'U get out of
Robin Graitli's mare. Noo, Williai ., isn't it a sad thing
that the gentry eaniia stay at hunie in their ain Umiiy
woods an' lawns in this fine simmer time I Do yo think
Iiord Arnwood has left the Ila' there yet .'"
" How should I know .' I never remark."
" Never remark 1 Jist like you '. F.h, man, Will
Wathersheet, but you're a pair sowl 1 Neither can
sing nor say, as auld Kainsay says. God, Pm sue hap|)y
this bonny night, I could sing till the morning, if I had
only gude company to sing to. But the night's eoiiiiiig
round, an' Pll Imc a sang yet with Uab Roust, when the
lines an' nets are set, if 1 should gang three miles for't.
But here goes for want o' better," and the merry Scotch-
man struck up this ditty with extraordinary melody.
O iiiriry iniiilit we \)o wtien ilie KJinnirrV sun i.* down,
An' iiaily liiiulil we dilniT Ity tlie •.'lii 1 1>' llle iiiimhi,
In my lii'itil or nstmre 'twill he all uiie lu iiir.
If 1 liue bill my annij, an' imile coiiipunii'.
O i-iinty on tlie lea side,
All' clinntilliz by tlie .•'eii side,
Till the uvemiig bell sliuU riitu us to
(^uile cninjianle.
O ili<> lionny tiii'drt iliey sinp, in a innininir in IMriy;
An' ilie txniiiy helli< ilii'v rirm w lieu tliu brides gi'eii away ;
Hn uie ine a lilhK wi' n Siift pliw tli<> ee,
To liyslu lu llliel at een .'or lier riHii|>niiie.
U eaniy lei llie li a > th\
An' eli'imtlnii by lbi> ^t a side.
Till llle evening; blur i>hi>ll li|.'lil iik tn
li'nde euinimniu.
O the I r lie isprond, an' llle priest he in sly ;
All' llle lawyer's ii>e liiiifl ami tlie drinker'^ u}e diy:
Itul 1 inn II iniin llml lilie.4 in liv<- free,
\Vr a driipn' jiude diiiili an' unod enmpniiie.
Oeunty on the lea side,
An' ihanlini; liy llie si-a pide,
Till tliue\cniii|i lieuitliKliiLii bri;;liten In
tjiide enmiianie-
" Well done, Murdoch. But I say, who may that 1h'
coming yonder'.'"
" Where 7"
" Don't you see some one hauling round on his lar-
lioard tnek, by the wenther-siile of Hnil-hill ? Tliero he
liitVs just astern of our old hulk the Pilot's Mark."
" Faith, I sec him, nii' a gentleman too. Black coat,
an' a white breaehati round his neek."
" What does he stand gazing about tlio Mark for 7
Who can he Ik: ?"
" Faith 1 dinna ken. It's no fiir imelhing that a gen-
tleman iMines wandering about this lonesomo place his
lane. There's surely something in the wind, William;
have ye stowed awa tJie wee drap brandy /"
" To lie sure, man. But what o' that 7"
" I'm no sic an niild smuggler as you. Will Wather-
sheet, an' ye see my ronseieitce is a wee lender uboot
the brniiily wh. ..i er I think o' the ganger."
" Who do you mean? the exciseman 1"
" On ay, but that eanna lie him, for gangers dinnu
wear sic bruw black coats ; but he's coming up to us,
'faith.
" So he is. Now stand by your \watlier helm, Mur-
doch, and he prepared lo answer his hail."
" I'se do thai. But dinim yoii lie putting in your jaw."
The stranger soon drew near at an ensy pace, seeming
lo reeotinoitre, us he eaiiie, every object in the iieighlKinr-
IkhiiI, imil, after a lew moments, he addressed the ineii
Willi—
" Pleasant employmcnl, friends, of a eummor's even-
ing."
" 1 eanna say but it's pleasant enough, sir," ojiswcred
the ready iSeotehinan, " if it were tor ony use."
" You seem lo he iiriparing your fishing tackle,
friends. Surely, you don't call ihat a useless employ,
nieiil."
" Lord, sir, I wish you had a trial o't," said Murdoch,
with his instinctive propensity to complain ; " the vera
fishes hue gotten sic notions in their heads in thae en-
lightened days, that they'll no coini! near n net. Faith
they seem to ken the use o't as well as t do."
" But the hooks and the bail, my friend," siiid tho
stranger, entering into the Scotehmaii's humour.
" Uuiks 1 odd, sir, 1 wonder what the times will como
to, for ye might as wecl put doon a bairn's gum-stick as
htiik or bait either. 'I'ho vera fishes hoc grown sno
eimning, that Ihey ken a huik just as weel as I would
ken a shilling in the fingers o' a recruiting sergeant.
.\n' BO they'll no bite — deevil a bit."
" But surely you'll allow this is a pleasant evening
lor your employment."
"It may be pleasant enough to a gentleman like you, sir,
walking about with your cane in your hand. But it's lit-
tle pleasure to puir fallows like us, labouring liere in tho
sun, an' tjie midges like lo pike our vera een out."
" Pray whose house is that tall building beside us 7"
" It 's my maister's, sir."
" That is a Scotch mail's answer, my fiiend. It is llio
name, of the owner that I desire to know."
" llad'iitye better speer at the door, sir?" answered
Murdoch, looking su. iciously up into the stranger's
face.
" Have you any objection to answer my question your-
self," said the other, " as I havo cliaucud to make tho
enipiiry of you."
" (Ju, surely no, sir. Ye '11 be frae New Hall, I daro
say."
" You 're asking mo a question, friend, instead of nn.
swering mine."
" I ken brawly what I 'ni saying, sir. I like a giff lor
a gatf, baitli in word an' deed, for, in troth, I never got
ought for nought frae the worl' myscl."
" But I think you ought to answer nie my civil ques>
tion, honest man," said Mr. Johnston ; for it was the
ijuondum tutor of Lord Arnwood who niuiiifested this
anxiety to learn somctJiing of the iiossessor of the Pilot's
Mark. " I did not expect to be catechised by you when
I i.iado so simple an inquiry."
" Ou, I dare say ;" said Murdoch, who Iind been taking
a sharp view of the coiinteiianco of the enquirer. " I
eanna s.iy but ye look like that sort o' fotik, that think
tliey should elaiit a' the cream to their ain side of tliu
plale ; — hut an eye for an eye, an' a tooth for a tooth, as
the gospel says, an' a kick fur a cull', all over the world.
So, sir, if there lie nae |HMiny there shall lie nae pater-
Hosier i an' ye may just gang as ye came."
" You're a very Klriinge sort ol man for a fisherman,"
said .Mr. Johnston, evidently chagrined.
" I'm rullicr rough an' round in my way, ye see, but
I ken a glide fallow when I mcethiui, an' I can be civil
too when I ken my man — just as weel as ony itlier
Isidy that has nae favour to seek, but what his ain tuu
fingers can grant him."
" Perhaps you will tell me who lives in that house,
which I lielieve is called the Pilot's Mark, friend /" said
.Mr. Johnston, addressing WeatherBhunt the sailor.
" I'm rather a stranger, sir, you see i" said Weather-
sheet drily, and scratching his head, " and Miirdixdi
there is tliu only man that takes an observation on this
const, if you can only get the soundings of him."
" You 'ro ■ pair of obstinate scoundrels," muttered
Johnstone, as lie turned and walked back towards tliu
Mark.
" 'I'licro ho goes grumbling liko a bear wi' a suir
head," said Murdoch, laughing.
A.; Mr. Johnston passed the old building, he lingered
ncnr, und seemed to take tho closest observation of every
thing ho coidd see, frequently turning round and looking
stealthily at llm two lishrrnien.
" I don't like tliul fallow," said Ihn Srol, n« he wnlx'li-
ed Johnston iiiitil he turned by the back of the old build-
ing. " I'll wnger he 's fund Iho smell o' that drup o'
brandy ye got frae tho smuggler, nn' that has ccwt inu
sae iiiickIo care. I wish. Will Wathersheet, tliat that
confounded brandy was down your throat."
H J 's going up to tho Hall there, sure enough," said
the sailor.
■ Do ye think sac 7 Faith, I'll just step up an' watrh
him. lie has a Niieakitig look ; und, Will, ye 'II just put
the bit keg in tho hole u' tho cliff, fur fear ony thing
should hapiM'ii."
Having said this, MurUucli, gathering together hit
.u . ,:':•■• • I ' !' . ■
M
t: 1
321
WAI.TIIAM.
fill' '■' i
id'''-
\ Sif If ■
Y,'¥W l-'ti «
II, > ,»■
fisliing tnckle, sot forward to (loclffc Mr. Johnston, liaviiif;
nincli jealous Biiflpicion ot" all inquisitive manccuvrinp
cninnatinjj from New Hall.
Tlie wary Scot took a low road among the pliiiitations
tliiit skirted tlic great park of Arnwood ('aslle, and wan
quite close to llic square mansion of New Hall, when he
observed Mr. Johnston <leviatc from tlie road and enter
it. Murdoch was about to return by another path which
skirted the heathy sweep of Hail Hill, muttering to
himself his suspicions regarding this mana'uvre of John-
ston ; when, in passing thr9ngli a narrow gap in the
lencc, he observed a young woman meanly dressed, sit-
ting in a nook of the bank opposite to liim, and cares.s-
iiig an inHint, wliilc she seemed full of grief and dcspon-
dcnc}% and soblicd anil wept in sorrowful bitterness.
.Murdoch stood for a moment and watched the girl,
who, thinking herself unobserved, indulged her gric^f
and fondled her infant, in a manner which ab.solutely,'
ns he afterwards expressed liiinscU', tooli the Scot by tlie
heart to witness it.
" What is the matter wi' you, my bonny woman?"
Slid Murdocli, cojning forward and addrcssijig her.
The girl only shook her head, and then tried to con-
cr;i' lier grief by somewhat brightening up licr looks.
" Na troth, it 's nac business o' mine, my lass. Bui
your greeting lime's no come yet. Ye'ro o'er young to
no silling there sorrowing to yo.irscl under a hedge,
miir thing. l!ul eh, woman, tJiut 'a a hraw bairn i' your
lap."
This compliment to the infiint ovcrcamo tlio young
Woman's reserve, and looking up in Murdoch's face for
a moment, she said,
" (!i)od man, will you do an unfortunato young woman
n lavDur ?"
" Hoot ay, my pretty lass ! I never could refuse ony
thing to a bonny I'lce, ,i' my li!'e."
" Well, sir, if you could jn.st man.nge to get tliis letter
delivered to .Mr. Hilton of the Hall tliiTe ;" said the
young woman, taking a letter out of her bosom and otl'er-
ing it to Murdoch.
" Troth, I'll do tliat in a. tricn. Rut it '.< but n sma'
fivour that, my lass, an' the <quire's hoosn is sac near —
it seems scarcely worth asking mo to do 't."
" It will be a very ^'re«/ fivour, sir, if you could get
it given to Mr. Bolton, and particularly if you could see
hlin yourself, and bring me some sort of answer."
" -Vs to that, ye see, my lass, it 's now the evening,
an' the squire will Iv at his wine, an' winna Im- disturbed,
nae doubt. Ye ken, puir folk sliould wal !i llio great
folks' time."
" .\li, sir, I have been here the whole of the day, and
yesterday too, but Mr. Dolton will not sec me, and has
given directions to his servants not to take any letter to
him j'roin any poor person, upon pain of losing their
ph.eev. So I have been driven from the door with my
biby, and have h.id no snsten.ineo nil day ;" — and having
given this account of herself, the young woman again
relapsed into weeping,
" Dinna greet, my puir thing," saiil the Scotchman
beginning to melt : " noo just gie me the letter, an' 1 'II
try to get a word o' him. Hut it '11 he n sair job to fight
my way through bis powder'd tlunkeys."
" I shall be nmst grateful, and pray blessings on you,
my friend, if you will try," said tlic girl enrnestly.
" Hut ye see, my bonny womaii," said .Murdoch, turn-
ing the letter, and looking on all sides of it; "I dinna
ken, after a', wliat sort o' bizincss this may be, an' the
N|tiire 's a man tlii\t I 'm no the least anxious to see, if
it warna to <lo n gude turn to you, my dow."
" Well, sir," said the girl, weeping afresh, " indeed I
cannot exfHct hnt that you wisli to know something
about me belore yo\i undertake to do mi' a service, but if
you 'II t ike my word for it, sir, I am a very untiirtuuate
young woman."
" Troth, my dear, I dinna misdoubt tliat in the small,
est," said .Murdoch ; " |K)verty an' a bonny fiico at the
mercy o' the world ! Lord, I could greet lor you inysel
this vera minute."
" .\nd sadly were Ihcy taken advantage of to my sor-
row," ronlinued the girl, eueonraged to tell her story by
the spontaneous sympathy of the warm-hearted Scot.
" Hy Mr. HoltouT' cxclaimod Murdoch, throwing up
his clenched hand.
" Yes, sir, indeed, to my shame I tell it. Rut he made
nequainti'uei! with me In another part of the country, by
disguising himself in a dress like those of my own con-
dition, and calling himself n young tradesman, nnd hy
promises of inarrlngo, he ''
" f) the eonloimiled si'onndrel ! Hut that 's one of his
old tiii ks; and he now rel'uKCH you a smull ni.iintcnanci .
I dare say \ wliilo (lio very steam of wimt he wastes in
gross extravagance would support a whole family. O
the scoundrel !"
' Just so, sir. And he will not now hear mc, or re-
ccive a letter from me, although he prevailed upon mo to
conceal his name from the parish ; and now I cannot look
my father in the face, for hia heart is broken about me,
and Mr. Holton at last refuses me the smnllcst relief."
" God help you, puir lass. But how do you think hiV
seeing this letter will avail you ? Woman, ho treats the
|mir like the vera dirt among hia Icet."
" O dear sir, I don't know ; hnt I wrote it by the ad-
vice of a friend, and I think if he read it, ho would save
me from exposing him and, alas, myself!"
" Well, my puir lassie, just liae patience, an' I '11 tiy
to see him," said the Scdtehmim, going ; " noo just be
quiet till I come back. t)d I I '11 lixik liim straight in
the liice if I can set eyes on him — straight in the face !"
Muttering in this manner, .Murdoch turned into t'le
grounds of New Hall, summoning upall bis eharncteristic
impudence, or rather bold bluntncss of speech, to his a.s-
sistanee, while he tried to make his way into the pre-
sence of Air. Holton.
' This is a bonny job I've ta'en in hand," said he to
himself as he went, while he looked at the letter, " to
carrj' despatelies between a blackguard gentleman and
lis hizzy. W'cel, I am surely a dolt to meddle wi' love
affairs tliat arc no my ain. An auld fnle — to be ta'en aif
my road wi' a lionny face, an' let a silly woman's greet-
ing get me into a scrape wi' this pur.se-proud squire ! I
would rather see the deevil than I would see that Squire
Bolton. But, puir thing," ho continued, thinking of the
girl, " a bonny creature 1 odd, I hadna' the heart to re-
fuse her, siltin' grectin' to bersel' on n brae side, an' a
baby at her breast. I<oid help up! this is a sad worl'."
Having strengthened hia resolution by these retlec-
tions, he proceeded boldly up to New Hall.
' By my lailli, I think it's my best way to gang
straight up to the grand door at once," thought Mur-
doch to himself. " It's a case o' needcesBity, an' what
liir shouhl I bo 'feard to face tho deevil ? The puir lass
camia .starve, so here goes," and ho rung tho bell at the
entrance.
' What do you want?" saiil a [lowdcrcd porter, who
o|wne(l the door. " Who the devil taught yon to ring at
a gentleman's door, sirrah ? (io round to the back of the
house, if you have any business here."
" .\a', deevil a bit," said tho Scotchman, doggedly. " I
want to sen your maister, friend, if you please."
" If you want to see master, come to-morrow at twelve,
and go to the bnck entrance," said the servant, thrusting
the li.ilf open door rudely against .'Macara.
" Will ye drive the door in my liice, ye piinplc-faccd
puppy 1" cried the Scotclmian, pushing it back and edg-
ing himself in. " By my t'aith, I'll liaurl the yellow
strapplcs frae your flu. iky coat, if ye daur to gie me ony
o' your valle.de-shaui in.solince ! I'll just wait till I see
your maister;" and .Murdoeli (lelerniiuedly planted him-
self on a iicat in the ball.
" Faith, you sIkiU wail tbeii," siiil the serv.nnt, ns.
lonished at finding his nulliirily disputed by one of Ma-
Cora's appearance. " You're a pretty sort of a clown
indeed, to suppose that master is going to leave his wine
to H|H'ak to you. It's a moral impossibility at this time
of night."
" I'll let you ken, friend, that it's neither moral nor
impossible lor your maister to speak to me, upon most
particular business," said Murdeeh, threateningly.
" What particular buBincss can ij3u liavo witli bini 7"
said the innii.
" That's no' for your lugs to hear, I'm sure."
" If you have particular business, have you no letter
or card that may he taken up to the squire /"
" Wliiilever 1 liae I shall deliver inysel', when I sec
him," said Murdoc(i, determined not to he shaken eitlier
by master or man.
" Then, friend, if you persist in disturbing my master,
you must take the cons<'quences."
" I'll take my chance."
" .\iid HO you see, friend, if you Iinvo a hard head, he
has a good stick in the corner there."
" If that bo the way o'l," said Murdoch boldly, " there
'II 1h' a pai' o' us at the wark, as the hen said to her legs."
" Would you otfer to lift your hand to n sciuire ?""saiil
the porter, in increased astoiiisbment.
" Ye had better gio nac niair jnw, my friend, but just
gang up an' tell your inaister that there's a gentleman
wants to si'c him instantly, upon particular business."
" A gentleman ! you're u pretty devil of a genlleman,
to lie sure."
" Ne'er fash yoiirscl' what I nm. Moot, man, what's
tho use o' Bimniering an' wintering u' day. If yc dinna
say il'a a genlleman, yc see, your maister '11 no' stir for
the like o' nie, an' if there's any skaith, I'll take the
nic. Come, t'riend, gang up and tell him. It's tcajb
a great business." '
The servant seeing the determination of the Scot, ni
eliuckling at the idea of the squire getting into a passion
and breaking tjie intruder's head, went up stnirg and
whispering to one of his fellows, the latter went in to
announce this strange visit to his master.
The squire had no company, (except Mr. Johnston of
whom more anon,) he having been somewhat confined
and interdicted hy the surgeon who attended him, until
his recovery was complete froni the efTects of the t liolii
wound he had received in his skirmish with Lord .\rn.
wood. He was, tlicrcforc, more Bober than usual at tlijj
hour in the evening, when the servant entered, and was
moreover, engaged in a discussion with Mr. Jolinsloii
concerning the result of his enquiries about tlie occuiianl
of the Pilot's Mark, and other matters of opparcntlyHtiif
concern to him, about which notwithstanding lie evinced
an anxiety that not a little puzzled and astonished liij
friend.
When the servant delivered his message, nnd in an. I
swcr to Mr. Bolton's enquiries, described the man who
insisted upon seeing the squire, a thought inBtimtly struck
the latter, nnd he said to the servant —
"Tell him to walk up."
" Into this room, sir ?" said tho astonished attendant,
" Do 08 I bid you. Bring the mon into this room."
AV'licn the servant left tho apartment, ond in terms of I
civility proportionate to the respect paid to the stranmr
hy the fact of his innster's calling him up to the dininj.
room, delivered his message, it was not in human nature
to resist a twinge of cowardice and drcod, when .'Uurdnch
thought of going up " before the laird." This unwonted
sinking of spirit rather increased than otherwise, as he
mounted the richly corpetcd stairs, and surveyed the !
magnificence by which the man was surrounded, w.iom
he was going to face with a message that amounted to a
tlircat. Had ho been treated with contempt and opposl.
tion, as he expected, he felt that he could have acted liis
part courageously for the young woman ; but this ap.
pearnncc of respect and condescension quite disarmed
him, and the natural impression of Mr; Bolton's grandeur
filled him with dread. When ho had reached the land.
lug-place on the stairs, however, ond was just cntorinf
the room where snt Mr. Bolton and his friend, a sijiMe
tliouglit crossing his mind, scrvcil to bring back all L
courage, and to restore him to a just view of his under.
taking. This wus the strong contrast of tlie poor yonnj
wornon, a victim to the vicious passions of the owner of j
all this grondcur, sitting weeping on the bare cartli with.
out, refn.sed even the crumbs that fell from this Dires'
table, although obsolulcly fjinishing, with his infant il I
her breast.
" Come forward, sir," said Air. Bilton, as the Soot en.
tered with humility. " You live with some one in thai |
high old building by the sea side, called the Pilot's .Mark."
" Yes, sir."
" Here, John, hand me that glass," ho said, addressing
the servant.
" Now, sir, you can drink wine when you got il,
dare say," continued Mr. Holton, filling up the goblft I
and winking to .Mr. Johnston, as if he would say, "leave
the fellow to mc."
" I nm nac groat wino-hibber, sir," said .Murdocii,
rallying his thoughts f'-oiii their surprise at nil this,
" No, I suppose not, friend," nnHWcred the squire.
" The Pilot';! Alark is a pl.iec where ivino is not so I
plentiliil as sea-water, I well believe. But coniel drink
my health, holiest friend. Your master uid I arc nci;;li.
hoiirp, and I don't oven know his name. Pray what p.rt
of the country is he from ?" [
" I came to you on another bizineRs than to talk of my I
master, sir," saiil Murdoeli, selling down the wine Hliich I
the servant hod handed to him.
" Oh, very true, I forgot that," said Mr. Bolton, "bul I
won't you drink / .\ro you a Scotchman, ond cim'l drink " I
" Deevil a fears, sir, as wo used to i«y when wo «fi
bairns :
" Ym Inilnrd an" Itint I cnn.
Just ns wee! ns ony iiiait."
"Very well," continued the squire, again winkinf lol
Mr. Johnston ; " I see you're a fine fellow, nnd can iiiikc I
rhymes too. Now oH with your glass, and then I'llbrirl
your biisinrss," I
" Biziness first, Oi.d drink nfter," uid tho Seotclimml
stillly. I
" Wlinll won't you drink yi.ur wine when I ask yon"!
" No— deevil a bit."
" No ? Why, you idiot—
playliouscs cither, tl
would like an onswei
"This is some cu
lercd Mr. Bolton ; " I
sirrah?"
" It's vera easy for
ricli.ycBCC, ken nael
o' the worl'."
".Answer my ques
now? do you tliink I
iniT?"
" The puir lass, w
the cauld lea, where t
nine to comfort her.'
"How can I hcl]
plaguing me ?"
"Och sir! och sir!
estness, " is that yoi
uuslcd to you in the
that very letter blottc
heat o' the bosom, wl
in' disna your ain bai
u yc yoursel' did one
a sintii' woman's rc|
drawing near, " how
drinking rich wine, an
\mn lass, an' bonnic
" Confound the fclli
about an intrigue wi
linucd the squire, stri
Iho affair with a jok
ihorc any thing more
" I ken it's o'er con
upon tlic feelings of
think men's words an
Ihccorn will grow ri]
laney that they will gi
ts .lure as the green I
ihowers, or the bonn
bushes, when simmer
but it's no common,
liiiued .Murdoch with
Kha hae plenty, to ret
drap to the puir lass v
to ruin."
"Oil, I see, it's mi
vith scornful coolnes
lollor; " that is the v
iddcd, throwing down
luLitanlial part of yot
i (0 zealous a friend o
from me, that I am n<
ii'shc d,ires to intruc
have "
"But your child, sir
u Mr, llolton imused.
"How dore you sr
vwi cliild instead of i
liwall the iKiorof th<
"pon mc ?"
" Did you ever read
'ir," said the Scotehm
"Corah— whnt?"
"Corah, Dathon, a
"•dor o' scripture — tl
fwl, an' swallowed the
"Ha, ha! rhyming
you're a proper Scot
take care how you tall
Murdocii said iiothii
III" suinrn, walked sul
"Here, sir," said th(
TOinesa la finished, no
for 1 want to sireak to
" I'll neither eat you
Bill .Murdoch lolomnlj
MALTIIAJI.
32.0
of the Scot, nnd
ig into a passion
it up Btairg anii
Utcr went in to
r.
Mr. Johnston, of
newhnt confined
ended him, muil
cts of the fligbi
with Lord Am.
hnn usual at tills
!ntcrcd, and was^
th Mr. Johnflon
)out the occniiant
fnpparonlly little
nding he cvincrd
id astoni.shcd liij
!sngc, and in on. \
ed the man who
It instantly struck
lislicd attendant.
nto this room."
, and in terms of
i to the stranger
up to the dininj.
. in human nature I
d, when Murdoch
' This unwonted
otherwise, as he
ind surveyed the
urroundcd, wnora
hat amounted to a
tempt and 0|i{ioFi. I
lid have acted his
lan ; hut this ap.
n quite disarmed
Bolton's f rondcur
reached the land.
ivns just cntrrin;
s friend, a sinfrle
ring baek all hit
icw of his under,
of tlie poor yonnj;
of the owner of
hare earth with. |
from this Divos'
itll his infant at
m, as the Scot en.
some one in th«l j
the Pilot's .Mark."
10 said, addresnin; |
ion ynu get it, 1
ii(r up the johltl I
would say, " leave
," said .Muriloch,
so nt all this.
cred the squire. I
ivini) is not so
Il'it cninc I drink |
nd I arc- nel;;h
5. I'ray what jwrt I
than to talk of my
vn the wine which
Mr. Bolton, " but |
,nndean't drink"'
:iy when wo were I
acaiii winkinf lo I
,ow, and can make I
and then I'll he" I
id the Scotchininl
when I ask you '"I
" I tlio.iglit, sir, ye wad'na kcej) up your civility loiij,',
il've were the least cross'il," said .Murdoch coolly.
"Why what sort of a nun uic you, and what is yoiii
taiinc'ss, sirrah ?"
1. Vu'll tind it there, sir, if ye please" — said Murdoch,
lijiidiiijr tlie letter witii a stern civility.
"('jjntbund it, how came you by this?" cxcluinicd
Mr. 'Jolton, tearing open the letter.
" I just limd it, sir, where rich folk dinna gang for
pleasure, nor puir Iblk from choice. I saw it whar the
lieiite couldna see the wounded man, just by thu way
side, sir, in sair distress."
" How do you mean ?"
"1 mean, sir, that it's neither amang pleasures nor
lulaccs," said Murdoch looking round the room, " nor
play-houses either, that yc'll get the like of that. But 1
vtould like an answer, sir."
"This i^ some cursed conspiracy against me," mut-
tered Mr. Bolton ; " how came you to know this person,
jirrah ?"
" It's vera easy for the puir to ^cn the puir, an' the
ricli, ye see, ken naebody but tho rich, an' tliat's the way
o' the worf." _ .
".Answer my question directly, where is this person
now? do you think I am to listen to your Scotch preach-
in?'"
''The puir lass, wi' her baby, sir, is just outside on
the auld lea, where there's neitlier grand cari>ets nor red
(line to comfort her."
"How can I help tliat? tmd how daro eho come
plsttuing me ?"
"Dch sir! oeh sir!" said Murdoch witli solemn cam.
eslncss, " is that your feeling for a puir lass that lias
trusted to you in the hour of woman's weakness I is na
that very letter blotted wi' her tears an' warm wi' tlie
heat o' the bosom, which ye hae deceiv'd an' seduced ?
in' disna your ain bairn look up in her face, an' smile,
u yc yoursel' did once, to increase a iiuitlier's grief an'
t sinlii' woman's repentance ? Oil sir," he exclaimed,
drawing near, " how can yc sit there easy an' hapjiy
drinking rich wine, an' gorged to the throat, an' your puir
leman lass, an' boniiic bairn, starving under a hedge !"
"Confound the fellow! am I to be worried in this way
about an intrigue with a country wcneli ? I say," eon-
tinued the squire, striving to take oft" the seriousness of
the affair with a joke, " were you born yesterday ? is
there any thing more common than "
" I ken it's o'er common, sir, for gentlciiioii to practise
upon the feelings of innocent thoughtless women, who
think men's words arc as certain to eoiuc true, as that
the corn will grow lipe and yellow in har'st, and who
lincy that they will get justice when their sorrow coinci
it sure as tho green braird sprouts up after the spring
ihowcrs, or the bonny white blossoms cover the thorn
bushes, when simmer comes dancing on the south wind;
but it's no commoii, sir — I say, it's no common," con-
tinued Murdoch with strong nnimutioii, " for gciitlenicn
wha hae plenty, to refuse the sma' consolation o' bit and
drap to the puir lass wham they Imo deceived an' driven
lo roin."
"Oil, I see, it's money she wants," said Mr. Bolton
«itli Bcorntul coolness, scarcely having glanced nt the
letter; " that is the way of tlieiii all. 'I'liere, sir," he
idded, throwing down ii single gold piece, " there is the
iab.<tanlial part of your answer, and liarkeo, as you are
(0 jealous a friend of this young woman, inform her
from mo, that I am not to bo visited in this way again ;
ii'ihc dares to intrude upon mo another time, I will
hive "
" Uut your child, si r ?" said Murdoch, looking horrified,
u Mr, llolton [tauscd.
"How daro you say another word, sir? It may he
vwi child instead of mine, for aught I know. Am I to
nave all the poor of the parish and all their brats (addled
upon me ?"
" Did you ever road of Corah, Dathnn, and Abeerain,
*ir," said the Scotchman, looking unutterable things.
"Corah— what?"
"Corah, Dathan, and Alieeram — but ye'll na lie
inder o' scripture — tho vera earth o|icned under their
ftfl, an' swallowed Ihoin up for their wickedness !"
" Ha, ha ! rhyming first and sermonising after, well
you're a proper Scotchman — only cursedly impudent
tike care how you talk in this manner to me, sir."
Murdoch said nothing more, hut looking a moment at
III" (uinrn, walked sullenly towards tho door.
" ilcre, sir," said llio squire, calling him hack, " your
lu.<ine8« is fiiiished, now drink your wine goodiiuture<lly,
for 1 want to sinrnk to ynu."
"I'll nritlier eat your bread, sir, nor drink your wine,
Mid Murdoch lolciimly.
" No ! I will not bear this insolence longer," cried the
squire, starling up, " your |irisumplion is insull'eraljle,
sir."
" 1 diiiiia mean oiiy disrespect to my superiors, sir,"
said .Murdoch calmly, " for I'm hut a puir uiaii, an" no
rc;,rar(led in the worl' ; but dry bread i.s sweet, an' clear
water is relresliiug wi' irucc an' a gude conscieiici', tor
ye see the blessing o' the liord maketli rich an' udihtli
no sorrow — but the wealth of the wicked, the fat saeri-
llees of .Moloch in the valley of Tophat, and the spiced
wines of Ahab on the mount of Gheriiiiii, are but as the
stink in thu nostrils of gude men, uii' bring wrath an'
heaviness in the hour of death.
" I wish you a giidu e'en, sir," added the Scotchman,
and lie oiicncd the door and walked thoughtfully down
stairs.
CIIAPTEB IX.
It was not without reason that an ominous misgiving
had taken possession of Lord .Vrnwood's breast, when he
found, us related in the earlier i>art of our history, that
.Mr. Johnston had contrived to make so intiinato an ac-
quaintance with Mr. Bolton.
Yet his suspicious apprehensions (if tho feelings with
which ho was actuated when again obliged, as in a man-
ner he was, to sit at the same tabic with his quondam
tutor, could be called such) assumed no defluito shape,
and settled u|ion no particular circumstance. For this
reason he thought himself actuated merely by that in-
stinctive dislike with which persons of a warm and ge-
nerous disposition naturally regard those who are gifted
with, or who have accpiircd extensively, that worldly
prudence and calculating craft, so repugnant to their
own ieclings.
Arnwood even felt a strange dread of coming in con-
tact with such a man ; not from any moral cowardice, or
repugnance to combat in a fair quarrel on a fair field, but
I'roin a vague feeling of alarm that the other was pos.
sessed of weapons \vhic!i he was willing and ready to
exert to his prejudice, such, indeed, as he was hinisell not
aware of, and would have disdained to wield, if ho had
known them, even in his own defence.
He never could have dreamed, however, nor in truth
did Bolton himself sus|)cct, the ambitious project by
which the prudent Johnston was smitten, nor the means
he had taken to bring that project to maturity. It never
even occurred to Arnwood, that it was Johnuton who was
at the bottom of the unfortunate quarrel between Bolton
and him.self, hy which his views in that quarter were
frustrated, and that it was Johnston who had, by gradual
insinuations, and insidious hints, and flattering at tlie
same time the sipiire's pecuniary prejudices, deepened
and rendered more intense that person's vulgar contempt
for those who wire not so fortunate as himself; and
finally caused him to treat the young lord with such ex-
cessive violence as to bring on the duel and iU consc
ipiences.
This was the grand event, nevertheless, which John-
ston li.'ul aimed at ; for, besides that it gratified tho nn-
tural hatred to Arnwood, which mean and ha.se minds
usually hear to tho noble and tho disinterested, it, at the
same time, removed tho only obstacle in the way of an
arrangement wliicli ho and his conscience had for some
time past been maturing in concert ; that arrangement
assuming the agreeable tbrni of a design iqion Miss Bol-
ton hersell', or rather ii|>oii that lady's (mrtioii — Miss
Bolton being, indeed, rather a necessary ndjurict than a
principal ingredient in the felicity which Mr. Johnston
iiad i^linlked o'lt for himself in bold and prominent outline.
It was ill indirect prosecution of the some object that
he had undertaken for the squire, (with whom he had by
this time contrived lo gel intn most convenient intimacy,)
to reconnoitre the Pilot's Mark, and to ascertain, if pos-
sible, who lived there, and whether its inhabitant was the
person who had caused Mr. Bolton such extraordinary
agitation on the night of the duel with Iiord Arnwood.
We have niready seen how unsuccessful they both wcro
ill their mdeavours to extract information out of the
shrewd and wary Scotchman; and we now proceed to re-
cord n conversation that eiisiied In'twecn these " Arcades
nmlio," or very pretty rascals, ns they snt at their wine,
on the evening of the day on whicli Murdoch had dc
piirted from his unsuccessful suit in favour of Mary
Keynolds.
" Wh.it do you think of all this, Johnston?" snid the
squire, when the Scotchman had lioeu n few iniiiuteN
gone, taking a gulp of wine to help him to recover his
uquHliimily.
"Oh! not mucli," answered Johnston, looking sneak-
ngly, and afraid lest he might let slip a word of disap-
prolialioM.
' These arc rather unpleasant alVair.°, these intrigues,
sonietiiiies."
' -No doubt, sir; yet, after all, what is it?" said Jidin-
stoii, his iintui al reverence fur wealth serving to reinloreo
his spirits and coiihdciice after the surprise, and restoring
his blindness to any vice in his patron. " Not iiiueli do
I think of it, Mr. Bolton, I assure you," he continued ;
not that I would he thought to speak slightingly or
with reiirehcnsibic lightness of morality, but, my dci;r
sir, these are evciy-day occurrences; and, uuforlmiately,
the structure of society iircs.es heavily, but necessarily
and inevitably, on the lower orders. This is a mere little
country intrigue, as you say, with a tliscontciitcd weiieli
prominent in the picture. There is no suppressing tho
discontent arising from the ignorant ami obstinate jierti-
nacity of such people."
" And, you see, we can make nothing out about that
mysterious inhabitant of the tall house by the sea side.
Something must be done, Johnston. I tell you what, I
wish 1 had not been so hasty in quarrelling with that
proud young man with the v.ord lord tacked to his proper
name."
' Then you have changed your mind, Mr. Bolton ?"
' No ; it has only reverted to its original state, before
you changed it, Mr. Johnston."
" I don't understand you, sir."
" Your understanding seems very convenient, John-
ston. You must be perfectly conscious of the represent-
ations you made to me — false representations I now in-
cline to believe— of the lack of sense and tho want of
prudence of this young man, of neither of which, 1 must
.say, have 1 received, ns yet, any proof. The fellow is, to
be sure, as proud as if he were worth half a million.
Egad, sir, this is a most unfortunate business," ended
Bolton, as he paused, a sudden memory darting through
his brain, of the knowledge that Arnwood had so strangely
acquired of his real character, ns evidenced hy the word
he had whispered in his car on the night of the duel j
"and I have you to thank for it, Mr. Johnston, and only
you."
" I cannot, for my part, see," said the other, " how it
can be calleil uiil'ortuiiate to quarrel with a poor iioblo-
man like Lord Arnwood."
" It is very likely thiit you cannot see, Mr. Johnston.
But I wish you had brains to coinprohonit or eyes to sec
how I am to persuade him to dislodge this tenant of his,
whom I have iny private reasons for wishing somewhere,
else, out of the Pilot's Mark."
" Why, Lord bless my soul ! dear sir," replied John-
ston, " there cannot be much dilliculty in that. Let mo
reflect how the thing is to bo arranged;" and the tutor
I'ell into a profound cogitation, which lasted several mi-
nutes, while tho squire tip|K'd his wine in tilent impa-
tience.
" I have it nt last," said Johnston, striking the tabic
with Ill's hand triumphantly ; "although I must confess
the scheme is hazardous, and not altogether just iJiahle on
moral ground.s — hut Ave'll let that pass. Yon say you
want these people out of the Pilot's Mark, and you would,
if IKissihlc, induce or compel Arnwood to eject them?"
" I do ; you know it," said Bolton, jxjevislily ; " what
are you driving at ?"
" .Vnd you doubt your power of being able lo efTcct
this?"
"WVll, well; I do."
" Now, sir," said Johnston, importantly, drawing liia
chair close to Bolton's, and laying the forefinger of one
hand on the thumb of the other, "we arrange tlic matter
thus. Every body knows that the peerage list dors not
contain so [wor a devil within its red cover as Lord Am-
wood. That's ])orf';etly well known. Well, while young
povcrty-.tricken IlopeJ'ul was yet in Paris, you had taken
possession of Now Hall. During your short stay there,
ix-forc your departure for London, you had cultivated an
intimacy with the Lady Arnwood, which, considering
the shortness of your acquaintance, was, 1 must say, sur-
prising."
" Cut the matter short, Johnston, What tho devii do
you mean ?"
" I mean this, Mr. Bolton," resumed Johnston, with a
glance of solemn superiority nt the obtuse squire. " Lody
Arnwood miglil have borroweil — rnigAt have borrowed, I
4ay — I do not nssert that she did, hut she mighl luivn
borrowed a considernhlo sum of money of you ; now, do
you imderstand, eh ?"
" Mighl have borrowed, most snpient Johnston," cried
Bollon with a laugh; "and tmiilii, no doubl, if she hnd
thought mo willing to lend. Might — yes, might is lietler
than ri^ht, iia, hn, hn, there's a pun, my boy, — but aha
m I
^'^C^
'%:
At
■U
>.' '
,i <
■ >■
''\ -:.s
:!-i^
■}\i
i ' f
^i
0'^
■■'■^'T,
_>\\, '■
K.\ i
326
WALTIIASI,
m^-
^!*i<
ncvrr ilid, wisii .luliiistoii ; slii; never <IUI, Siif;:iciou» Juliii-
utoii."
" Pardon mo, sir, but she did ;" and lie gave an empha-
tic If.r : " that Is — if we please."
" What do you mean, sir / what do you n\ean 7"
"Tut, tut, tut," resiMinded the other, with a familiarity
Iin had never hitherto ventured to iudul;;e, " I did'nt
think, Holton, that you were ho confoundedly dull. Can-
not wu prepare a document fur a given sum — say five
tliousiind pounds — a note of hand {jiven liy Lady Arn-
wood lit the time, payable on demand by herselt; her cx-
ccutorn, administjators or assi^jna, as the lawyers say — "
" Sto|i — stop ! my friend, that won't do," cried lioltnn,
niarmed j " besides, how can it be managed 7 It ean't be
done."
" I.t:avc that to me," said Johnston ; " I'll mnnage it
well enough. I know the turn of the <dd woman's sig.
nature as well us I do n\y own ; the thing can be easily
done, if that's all."
" Why, it's no better tlian forgery !"
" I'retty nmcli the same tiling, indeed," said Johnston,
roolly ; "but my good sir, how is it ever to be discovered /
tilt the document presented to Arnwood, under pretence
of a dudden want of money, if you tliink proper to state
liny reas<in8 at all; thorn will lie no power of taking it
up in tlint quarter, dcjicnd on it ; nnd then you can make
what terms you picnsc, and incliiile these mysterious
tenants in jour conditions. Now, you perceive, the course
18 plain enough,"
" Plain enough whJi a Tcngoancc," exclaimed Dolton,
"''rugging his shoulders; "but what the deuce, Johnston,
can bo your motive iji suggesting this 1 My own 1 can
imilerstand, and, in some degree, palliate ; tiut yours ! —
Jolmslon, jou'ro a deuced rascal, and that's the truth." '
" My nioti»es, sir," replied Johnston, not hceiling the
con'"'.uding eomplimtnit to his honesty witli which Bolton
Iiad presented him, "is justifiable on a religious, nay, on
(Christian principles. ' An eye for an eye, and a tooth
for a tooth,' Mr. Helton, is a rule of conduct included in
the Christian code; and I wns by no means well treated
by that young man. Besides, I do and shall ever enter-
tain a deep Konso of your kirxlncss to me, my dear eir,
and if any ctTorts of mino "
" Oh ! your hnniblo sej-vant, Johnston," cried Bolton,
mimicking, and bowing profoundly ; " well, you can nian-
nge it, you say. But suppose ho were to raise the money
— there's a precious iiobblo wo liliould get our cunning
selves into."
"'flic money, sir! he could no more raise tho money
than he could raise tiic devil ; to whom, therefore, on tjie
precedent of Maliomet and the mountain, let us cause
him to desccBcl. The fellow's too [loorto have any friend.",
anil tlic very mention of money makes him ii« nervous a.s
an octogenarian with the palsy, ha, ha, ha I"
" Kgad, Johnston, then it nuist Ijc done, (hough it's ra-
ther too bad — if it could bo avoided. You have an c.vcel-
lent head, Johnston, for a rascally plan."
"Call it wliat you plpiise, sir. But won't yoji tlion have
him in your power 1"
"No doubt. But whom shnll I get to negotiate this
business, for I'm sure I slinn't meet him. 'Phere is no
one could have done it better than you, Johnston, if yon
liail not nlso quarrelled witli liim,or rather, he witli you."
" lie qu.UTelled witli me, certainly, Mr. Uolton, and
Ihori'fore "
" Von will make tills demand as my agent, eli, John-
Hlon "'
" Well, sir, any thing to oblige you."
" I la 1 ha ! ha 1 — well, you're very good, upon my .soul.
You're not averse to bi'ing kicked down stairs, as yon
were iH'fore in Paris, Wasn't that the rase, old boy ?
Positively; Johnston, you're a cursed scoundrel, (^)rlle,
tell me liow it was. You know the [Hjct sings,
Rome liave lti>cii kii'k'd till tiny Ixiiow wli(>tlier
'i'tiu hIkhj was i-alt"ii-skiii ur in-iiCs-lrailnT.
What w»s the material wherewith thou wust kicked, good
Johnston '"
" Sir, if you had not taken a glass too inueh, this is
language that I should not endure — and "
" IK I very true, a glass of wine does make the tongue
wag II little too fast ; ha ! ha ! hu !"
" Vou BjK'ak with mueli freedom, sir, but I'm suro you
mean nothing, Mr. Bolton, ha! hu!"and he forced an ab-
ject laugh.
"(Jh 1 not in the least, Johnston, I assure you. Well,
we must ubiiut this business very soon."
CHAPTKK X.
Wn must now transfer our seme to the Interior of a
mnull chumbcr, in tho loftiest angle of the luno yet dis-
tantly-secn building, calleil the Pilot's Mark. The littl
apartment we speak of was to be approached only by a
narrow iiiconveiiieiit stair Irinii the more eonimodiuiis and
common part -f tlie bulliliiig, and might have served lor
a sheltered watch-lower in former times, or it might have
been the cell of a monk, or the hiding-place of an outlaw,
from its favourable position us a look-out to sea, its iiar-
row-urched form, and its almost inaccessible situation. •
A small window in the thick wall at one end command,
cd a prosiieci to an imniensc illstiinee seaward, as well as
over, and far beyond, the irregular woodland round Arn
wood C'astle,wliich the whole building of the JIark seemed
to overlook with a naked and stalwart sokmnity. Hut
while from its aspect towards the west and north, this lit-
tle elmmher, in siormy weather, rocked to the blast of the
west winds — which swept with deafening noise round its
exposed and weather-beaten angles — In summer evenings
when the sky was clear and the clouds gathered in calm
masses over the distant sea, it atl'orileil a prosjiect of the
setting sun, such as nilglit have drawn poetry out of the
dullest natures, and gone tar to eonipensate an imagina-
tive artist lor a lifetime of eominon-plaee scenery.
The furniture of this chamber was as simple and mo-
nastic as its shape and architectural decorations. A small
French bedstead, bearing a mattress, stiKHl at the further
end ; a few antique prints of the lioman school, decorated
the lighter part of the walls ; some old hooks of divinity
and chivalrous romance, were shelved in a little recess
opposite, and a black crueiti.x standing on the single ebony
table, denoted the faith of the occu[iant of the chamber.
At tlie narrow window sat the fair inmate of the cham-
ber alone, on tho same evening that the foregoing occur-
rences were in progress, looking out as usual u|)on the
setting sun, and occa.sionally turning her large dark eyes
languidly towards Arnwood Clastic, as if watching the
appearance of a human figure among its broad and de-
serted avenues. At length the sound of a tbotstep climb-
ing the stair to the chamber seemed to rouse her trom her
musing; nnd soon Mr. Wallliam came up, stooping
through the low doorway, and entering, took the remain
ing chair opposite to his daughter.
" You seem tired, liither," said she, as he wiped his
forehead, and leant back on his scat.
"Slightly, my love," he answered. " It is not to bce.T-
[iccted but that time and worldly trial should have pro-
duced their usual etfeets on me at my jwiiod of life. A
little exereiso now fatigues me."
" Exercise, alas ! Forgive mc, father ; I almost envy
yon your free exercise in the open fields abroad, or as you
sweep round the margin of the sea. At least, I confess
I envy the lambs that i see skipping in the meadows, and
tiic deer that I watch as they gambol through the park
and woods of Arnwood, while i sit here caged and soli-
tary."
" You have the luxury at least of telling your com-
plaints to one to whom you can speak 'vithont danger,
Agatha," said the old man, solemnly; "and for the sub-
stance of what Von complain of, want of exercise, repine
not. The condition of all humanity is, that every one has
!o complain of having too little or too much of something,
that in its pro|)er mean is desirable."
" It was surely itnfortunate for me that we should have
come to live in this very seeludcd spot," said thu young
lady, mournfully.
" We call evcnUt imfiirtunate, Agatha, of which wc do
not see the end, and which gives us leisure to call up the
distorted phantoms of our natural discontent. Ihit un-
Ibrtnmite or not, be patient and eonteiited. It is your llite."
" Hut without talking of fate, father, could we not have
gone to live in that pretty village on the thee of the hill
which I so much admired as wc canio along, or even in
the sea-port where we landed, or any where in wliieh one
eoiilil have enjoyed a little society /"
" Society Is very good, my love, in |iro|>er circumstan-
ces. Hut the babble and scandal of village gossip, the
contracted notions of ignoranee, and the natural delrac
(ion of envy and meanness, so general in small eommunl-
lies, would have brought evils upon you and myself,
for wliicli the enjoyment of sueh society would by no
means have compensated."
" Are yon sure there are no letters t*i day, my father?"
said Agntim, ntler a pause.
" I told you lieforc that thero were none, my chilifi"
" Alas I anil how long are we to linger in this wilitude?
Tho sweet .-lumincr is now warm and blooming around
us, but winter, dreary winter, will come on; and how are
we to briMKl over its dark days and dismal nights in this
solitary sea mark I I dread to think of it 1"
" I trust events will come round before winter, to ro-
move you to snniB more agreeable Rjiot. Alas ! niy child,
you have need of fortitude."
"Have I, father? You often alarm inc ],y o,,
strange hints as to the future. Alas ! I have niitirri|||j||,,Mi
lieaven will give it (oyon indie ''"ur of triiil, Anilu
me," continued .Mr. Waltham, covering bis I'liinjn
lor
llli
ills hands, " I could meet my fate with composure; bui
tiir you, my poor unfortunate child 1"
"Why are you ever hinting about your fate, tny lirj,
lather ? You distress me exceedingly. Your fait ,„(,
thinks, cannot be much worse than it is. Yon liavi' |ii,i
every thing — my poor mother, also, is long gone, and ||f,
buried in yonder ciiiiet nook near the sea, beyond \rn
wood Castle. What can be your future fate, dear I'ail.ir
atlcr all j our misfortunes, but to be lictter than now aiJ
happier if any change is to Ih' ?"
"Alas! .Agatha— I can only for the present answpt
you in the eomiilaining lines of a pott of Scotlaml, ii.ai.
po.scd to divert his thoughts at sea, while he was hjlaii
and eoinlbitless ; — jMJor Ileetor Maencil.
" ' VVIta JcfllH !lle ills ln'"s doniiietl lu dri'o
Tliissiile tli« giavL* V "
" Then you do not yourself know, fiahcr, what voii
dread or iinaglnu ?" said his daughter; "and llitriion
you may be deceived — tor tear is a deceiver as well a,
lio|)C. And, surely, it is not wise in you to iuibut niv
mind so early with these melancholy views of lite." '
" Perhaps not, iiiy love; but my excuse is. If I nnj \
one, that it is not easy to suppress the thoughU that arc
uppermiwt, for, as holy writ saycth, 'out of die abun-
dance of the heart the mouth s|icakctli.' "
" Hilt you seem to have sometliing on your mind dcir i
sir, v\hich you h-vc not told me ?"
" You havo already give inc a reason why I should net I
speak I'urthcr in this strain, my child, and it is time
enough to be explicit when the events take place. My
only reason for talking to you, as I have done, of lili' i^ I
to save you the cutting pains of disappointment. Hlsan.
poinlmcnt of vvhich so much complaint is made, vm\i I
liardly exist or bo called an evil, were it not for the vam I
expectations of ignorance, the delusions of youthful laiicT f
and the wilful absurdities of dreaming hope."
" I am no philosopher, sir, and in truth, I am very I
lonely and sad in this blank solitude."
" You are an orphan — at least you are motlicrlcii8,aiiii I
sisterless, my jioor child."
" Alas, father !" and she let fall some tears — " But will j
you take me out this evening, sir'"
" I sujiposc I may, my dear. Lord Arnwood )m not |
stirred from the castle for some days, that 1 have heard ct."
" No, sir ; indeed he has not."
" How do you know, Agallia ?"
" I sliould have seen him from this window, sir, m \
know."
" So you would, if you had been watching."
" Dear sir," said Agatha, blushing, "you never told me I
what you and his lordship had that long conversaliun I
about, on the sands below there?"
" How do you know it was Lord .Arnwood that 1 win I
talking to, my love?"
" Did I not sec him that night, when there wu tlH'|
frightful fight witli swords, lietween him and Mr. Dullni
" But (hat was considerably alter our convemation on I
the sands, Agatha."
" So it was. Hut I have often seen him at a illstanrf,!
walking solitary like myself through the wwkI, or ridliif j
like the wind along the shore ; and I have observed — "
"Agatha, my dear, this is very strange. What sort of |
man is he !"
" A man, sir? He is quite a yuiilli, that is, a ymtie\
man. And has really sueh — such a noble bearing, m dory
and so "
"Agatha!" said the old man, with a look ofalonn;
" have yon ever s|iokcn to him I tell me truly."
"No, sir, indeed I never did."
"Then how came you to deserik' him so iniiiutfly!"
"1 have seen him, certainly. Alas! it is but llttlilliall
I can either see or hear in this .seclusion. And serely 1 1
may he permitted to look out U|Km the few ulijectn tbi I
arc to be seen at all."
" I mean not to eireumscribe you farther tliiiii is uliw- 1
liitely necessary, my dear Agatha ; but love is a ilniniT f
HUB passion to younf women who are |ioor, anil wlmii
not know the world. And you have no mother, Ajpitlii,!
to watch over yon. t)h God! how strangely I ainiir-l
eumstaiiced ! VVhy have you that face? I dare not think I
— I dare not hKiK forward — ()h, heaven!" aiiiithioUj
man started up and |Niccd the small ehniiiber in (m^f
agitation.
" Ah, fiither," said the young lady imploringly, "ilondj
be angry with me. I cannot bt'ar tosecynu iniliisufinf
lion."
• I «ra not angry
uidhe,«liu lingsti
.ns.-oiia liivc for yc
i.,«n and kissing h
(i, uhcn I tliink «
mac"
» When you arc j
Why distress me by
niiiaing parent, and
■•I cannot help rel
1 caiiiKit help brood
know it to bo as irri
" 1 know not wha
awful language. Al
oininess. I have s
niosl sublime tranqu
«a,wlicn every oni
iuir, at that awfiil ti
fiiallow us up in the
,ro moved and agitt
name of an amiable
»lio 1 am sure wouh
wlioni I never spoke
" Hark ! was not t
" It WIS, sir," said
».Meai, I'm no vei
\sngm of Murdoch
KJiilu he smoothed tl
lieu of a bow, as he i
"Onic in, Murdoc
uy right ; you arc n
lupposc you mean.
lud something to sa}
".\y, sir, it's just i
"About a girl? W
"I've brought her
"Brought her into
" And a baby, sir."
" A girl and her bal
tills is a freedom that
" As bonny a bairn,
Eii, Miss Agatha, if
".Murdoch, really (
hive ci!>ected of you
tliink ye . were such
'Decvi- a simjilctoi
In; u|i and looking i
liu just committed a
" And an illcgitimi
Ihain quite in a passii
tnovy your character.
Inordinary proceedin
" Vera weel, sir," si
thi; lass out an' her bl
Hail Hill, puir unfort
"0 father," said A
I) siy before you reft
dcier. Alas ! you kn
seh-cs."
" 1 wad na hao spo
nld Murdoch, rcturi
like a iiiislecrt limiiK
Ticc nor a slut's cc, i
tlic has been sadly al
find her greeting lK;n
the house she has disf
fat deeoived nnd alVe
"8*10 can stay till t
h(T bolow, Murdoch,"
".May tw, sir, ye n
tfnd my young mist
I |>ulr lioosc without
»«d bo sae pleasant ti
to the door at meal tin
Hid then at night wh
tilfs hy tlio fireside, M
in tlio Pirate's Creek,
head. Lord, sir, I ha
Wcathorsliect to sinj
plicc. It's a moescra
" \'ny true, Miirdo
I'm natural poetry tlia
house now is not like
fully,
"Ah, father," wiid
woiniii to remain, at 1
Ilo nut thrust her out
Alas I I dare not men
"No! do not mcnl
lure no objection to
WAl-TIIAM.
.•^27
II ine Ijy (|„,^
vc nnl'iirtituilii"
: of trial, Ajallij.
iiigliisliKmiii,
conipoiiurc;|)ui
lur fotc, my lira,
Your fait, mt.
. Yoii liavc |i,,i
ng gone, und Ijf,
loa, bfjond Arii.
fate, dear lii(|,i ,,
XT ilian now,ai,(l
c prcsoiit answer
af Sccllaml, ((,111.
lilt- hf was liliud
I.
lo Jri'o
father, what von
■; "and lliiTi'ibr,.
L'oivi'r as well j,
I'ou to iniliiii' aiy
it'ws of lifi."
eusc is, if I niii!
thoufrhtii that arc I
out of the abun.
1 your mind, dwr
1 why I should not
il, and it is time
3 take place. My [
vc done, of life i«,
ointment. Disa|i. I
nt is mode, vm\i I
it not for tlie vain I
lofyouthtulfaiifv, I
: hope."
truth, I am \m I
ire motlierU'SK.and I
Q tears — " But will I
Arnwood has M \
at 1 have heard ot'."
9 window, sir, tou |
ching."
you never told me I
long conversalliin I
nwood that I wu I
icn there wjg tl«' |
and Mr. Doltni
ur conversation 011 1
him ut a dlstanrr,!
ic woihI, nr ridiii; I
ave ohMTved — " [
ige. What sort ol'l
, that is, a ymK I
u U^aring, sofim [
a look of alarm :
V truly."
Ill 80 ininnlcly "'
it isliiitlilllrllnll
[III. And fiTilv 1 1
lu few ohjeclK tlul I
rtlier than i" nli* I
t love is a dniijfr. f
|ioor, nnd wlm 1!" |
mother, Agalli". r
rangely I »i" ti'- 1
I I dare nnl think I
ven!" and lilt "U I
ehninlper in prwl I
ipliiriiigly, "il"""']
you in this »pi"' I
» I ani not angry willi you, my poor unrortuiiate child,"
■J )„,, sliu ling Mtill and conteiiiphiting her. " It is iiiy
uioiis love for you, my Agatha," lie added, stcM)piiig
il»n and kissing her forehead, " that drives me distniet-
fi when 1 tliiuk what is to become of you after I am
"When you arc gone, fatJicr? Why always talk so?
\Vliy distress me hy the idea of my losing iiiy sole re-
niaiimig parent, and my only friend on earth /"
'• I cannot help retbrriiig to my imhappy fate, my child.
1 canii'it help brooding on the fearful future, tliough I
Inow it to be as irresistible as it is terrible."
- 1 know not what you mean, father, hy this dark and
safid language. Ah! du keep up your spirits and your
ulainess. 1 have seen you look with a strange and al-
most sublime tranquillity over a threatening and raging
^iwhcn every one but yoursi^lf was shrieking in de-
inair, at that awful time when wo expected every wave to
(vraliow us up in the green gulf of the deep. Now, you
ore moved and agitated at the mention of a name, the
uaaic of an amiable and gentle youth of a noble house,
»lio 1 am sure would not harm cither you or me, and to
»|ioin 1 never spoke."
•Hark! was not that a tap at the chamber door?"
"It was, sir," said Agatha, rising and opening it.
".Meni, I'm no vera hlate, 1 suppose," said the Scottish
[onirue of Murdoch Maeara, as the door was oiK;ned,
„|i[ie he smoothed the lock of hair above his forehead in
lieu of a bow, as he stood in tlio dark of the passage.
"Conic ill, Murdoch," said Mr. VValUiain kindly; "you
oy rig'"' i yo" "^ "'*'■ remarkably blato, or modest, as I
(appose you mean. Well, MurdocU, you look as if you
M something to say." , , „
».\y, sir, it's just a word or twa aboot a lass."
"About a girl? What mean you ? Where is she?"
"I've brought her into tlie lioosc, sir."
"Brought her into my house, Murdoch ? IIow is this?"
".\ndababy,sir."
" A girl and her baby into this house ! Really, Murdoch,
lliis is a freedom that "
" As Iwnny a bairn, sir, as over lay at a woman's breast.
Ell, Miss Agatha, if ye but saw It. I'uir wee thing."
".Murdoch, really tliis is a freedom which I could not
have ci;>ccted of you," said Mr. Waltliain. " I did not
think y'' . were such a simpleton."
"Decvi. a simpleton, neither, sir," said the Scot, draw-
injuiiand looking shrewd; "ye see, sir, the puir lass
\m just committed a bit of a lore paw, an' only wanU
"And an illegitimate child, too ?" exclaimed Mr. Wnl-
Ihiin quite in a passion. "Really, Murdoch, if I did not
know your character, I should not allow this sort of ex-
Uaordinary proceeding even to be- spoken of."
" Vera weel, sir," said Murdoch, going ; " I'll just drive
the lass out an' her bit bairn, to sleep on tlic lea sidu of
Hail Hill, puir unfortunate creatures."
"0 father," said Agatha, "hear all that Murdoch has
loiiy bclbre you refuse a lo<lgiiig to any houseless waii-
derer. Alas ! you know we were ohiiost houseless our-
leh'M."
" 1 wad na hao spoken to you alKiut the puir lass, sir,"
laid Murdoch, returning, " if she had been oiiy thing
hke a iiiislcert limincr. Uut she has neither a brazen
face nor a slut's cc, nor she's nac gonicril gawky ; but
ilic has been sadly abused an' deceived, silly thing, an' '
fjnd her greeting beneath a hedge, rather than return to
the house she has disgraced, or exjwso the scoundrel who
first deeeivcd and afterwards used her cruelly."
"She can stay till to-morrow, if you can nccomtnodate
her below, Murdoch," said Mr. Waltham cbIiiiIv.
".May be, sir, yc might do waur than keep lier to at-
tend iny young mistress thare," said Murdoch. " It 's
I puir liooec without a woman liody, butt an' ben. It
«ad be «ae pleasant to sec her bonny young face, coming
to the door at mool time to cry the lads into their dinners ;
and then nt night when wo were a' at hainc, to hear our
lilei hy tlie fireside, when the sea hij.zes ninoiig the rocks
in the I'iratu's Creek, an' tlio wind whistles o'er the lum-
head. Lord, sir, I liav'na a creature except inucklu Will
Wcalhcrshcct to sing a sang to in this back-o-bcyont
place. It's a niccserablc liooso without a woman !"
"Very true, Murdoch," said Mr. Waltliain, smiling at
the natural poetry that broke in upon the Scot; "but my
lioiise now is not like any oUicr house," liu added mourn-
fully,
" Ah, father," aoid Agatlw, " permit the poor young
voQiaii to remain, at least for a short time, in my service,
l>o nut thrust her out from protection on account of
Alail I dare not mention one who was once "
"Nol do not mention !" said her I'utlier sternly. "I
liarc no objection to your having a female servant, hut
wonien's tungues arc little to be triixlcd in circuiiiHtunces
like mine; and why slioidd wc ex|)oi*c even our jioverty
to strangers ?"
' Iiet tin; young woman get whatever acromniodation
vvc can otl'cr for to night at least," said Agutlia to Mur-
doch ; on hearing which, he bowed, and groped his v\ay
down tlie narrow stairs leading from the chamber.
CHAPTER XI.
The CTstlc of Arnwood was thrown into even a dee|K'r
gloom than tliat which was acciistoined to abide tliere, by
the sudden death of the lady Arnwood. The decease ol
his mother, to whom he had been accustomed to look up
lis the only friend letl to him in the world ; and, indeed,
the only remaining motive of existence, aflected Arn-
woo<l sensibly : and now tliat she was removed from him
tor ever, he delighted to dwell, with melancholy fondness,
upon tlie olVrepeated advice, exhortations, and prayers,
which only mateniul fondness can give forth.
liut alter the first burst of grief, Arnwood relajiscd into
hi.s former solitary existence — seen by nobody, and seek-
ing none ; and the diurnal duties of the eustle proceeded
us usual, with slight variation, the iinportunt Mr. Alollison
and the no less precise Mrs, Goodyear, forming the twin
stars round which the meaner planetary domestics were
accustomed to revolve.
There tcrt« a dilTcrcnce, however, in Lord Arnwood,
which was somewhat opprehensively observed by his fa-
vourile servant, but even more keenly known to hiinselt'.
liis luvc of solitude seemed to have returned with tenfold
power, and was now growing u|ion him into a shrinking
and haughty jealousy of society, which overcame even
his lurking wish to meet and communicate once more
with tlie mysterious occupant of tlie Pilot's Mark, His
abstraction waa at times so jicrfcet, that he seemed to
forget to supply the ordinary wants of nature, and gave
himself up to general and deep contemplation oil the con-
dition of humanity.
His bitterness of feeling amounled, on some occasions,
to rage and almost madness; and his scorn of common
things and of the world caused liiin to neglect his (lerson,
and to wander abroad in all seasons, particularly on the
shore or tlirough tJie woods, where he could find perfect
privacy ; and sometimes he would stray, amid storm and
rain, from midnight mitil tlie dawning of llie new day.
.Sometimes he even gloried in his solitude, and stood on
the highest point of land he could find, or on some rock
Jutting into the sea, and let the rain beat upon his fuce in
an entjiusiastic communion with nature. At tliose times
he drew in tlic pure breath of Heaven in the pride of his
own thoughts, and his mind working itself into a fever of
excitement and proud enjoyinent of his being, he felt, as
lie said, in nearer fellowship witli CJod, Uut, at otiier
times, a yearning sadness and intolerable weariness
nould come over him, and he felt that bursting oppression
of thought only to be relieved by allowing the wells ol
the heart to gush forth in tlio sweet couimunion of
friendship.
At tliese momcntii, dreams of some onibodicd excel-
lence in woman, and recollections of early visions, asso-
ciated with imaginings connected with the Pilot's Murk,
were still the resources which »ootlicd his sad spirit, and
at times determined him to rouse himself and once more
lo go abroad into the world, and nt least to ascertain
whether he was not acting irrationally and deceiving
himscli' with misanthropic funcica and vaguo forebod-
ings.
Yet still, the ardent wishes of youth, and an eagerness
to retrieve the f'allen state of liiB family, although tliey
')ften filled his mind with plana and his heart with aspi-
rations, usually ended, when ho turned his thoughts that
way, in little olso but regret and iwrplexity. To every plan,
his pride and his sensitive dignity of niii J made objections
which he hud not yet decision to overcome; and although
indeed tlio genera! nature of his enquiries endeared him
to his s|H'cics, yet il also deejiened his contempt for what-
ever was baso or mean, and widened the separnlion be-
tween himself and tlio mass of tlio world, while it in-
flamed his imagination, and increased his lovo for niodita-
tivp solitude.
The only plan his mind sufTered itself now to entertain,
was the old one of some advantageous marriage, whereby
the honours of his birth and title mi^htin some measure
lie exchanged for wealtl), by an union with a houao of
lower rank. But hero again his previous objection to
venture again into society, and to seek for such an obj«ct,
and his nroud reluctance to the pursuit, wore now in-
creased into absolute rcpugnanee, by still intruding fan-
cies regarding tlio beautiful vision of the Mark, which
mingled with lija cherished recollections, and now more
than ever haunted his tlioughts, and unsettled his resolu-
tions lor the future.
These thoughts occupied liiin so entirely one niihl nnd
still nntiiiniiiil day, tlKit by the time evi iiiiicr eninr uii, lie
wandered almost uiiinnscioiisly along the dill's above the
shore, towards the Mark, with a vague hn|x-, as he drew
near the old edifice, that he might meet his mystcrioiia
tenant — or that in some way, tliroiigli the agency of the
Seotehman, Murdoch, or by any other lucky chance, ho
might see or hear something of the lady, who he wok eon-
vineed was within. He descended to the level sands that
swept round the small bay known by the name of th<;
Pirate's Creek, as the e.irly quarter moon appenri'd high
over head, shedding a faint and fliekeriiig light u|M)n the
waves, and throwing into dark reli* f the lofty length of
the comfortless building in front. He walked on to the
very door, but scarcely a light, or the sign of living in.
habitant, appeared from any of the small windows dis-
tinguishable along iUs black walls or among its naked
angles ; and it was only as he pas.sed near a low window,
that he lieard a soil whispering, and then the voice of
Murdoch Maeara seeming to answer some one within, in
the words of an old song, eked out with his own fancies : —
'' 1 Imi^ a \vi;e wliillle Ilie Im-sI o' puilt* sleel,
Aiitt witli tliat we« whitlli^ 1 niakn my tniut creuU
I'll |!ii!'t 1(1 Itioe. InHsic, an' niiclilf Im-vkI,.,
Uiii thou will cnine, Ini-'sie, an' i^it in my plaiil.
tiiiig ivtt.iliwhaw ivhnliwUaw,
lliilllluw, hallilaiv:''
as the fisher lad sang to the milkmaid,"
" liut the baby, think of the baby," answered a female
voice in a kind love whisper.
Ou, ay, the hairn, that's true. Hut hoot! never
heed aliout the bairn, puir wee thing. Wo 'II feed it wi'
brose an' parritch, 'till it grows big, an' wc '11 send it
out to rin on the sands in the warm simmer days. An*
then, my bonny lass, we '11 grow solier."
Arnwood, as he stood listening at the window, was
getting interested in this scene, when he heard tlic con-
versation suddenly interrupted by a quick step and an-
other female voice s|K'aking in hurried aceenU', as if in
distress, while she hastily jruve some order to the Scotch-
mun. He passed hastily on, wondering what he bad heard
might mean, and walked round, proceeding at the rear
of the Mark by the sheltered patli at the foot of Hail
Hill, before noticed, leading towards N'ew Hall,
He was pacing slowly on in his conteiiiplativc man-
ner, when lie thought he heard footsteps patterii.g ra-
pidly beliind him, and stopping to listen, tlic night being
very still, and looking down the path, he perceived a fe-
male figure, her head luieovered, and in the simplest
dress, coming hastily forward. Arnwood felt his heart
beut quick, as the figure apjiroached. The female seem-
ed so occupied that she did not peTceive him until slio
was quite near him, when she gave a half shriek and
started a few steps back.
" lie not afraid, madam," said Arnwood, advancing
witli feelings strongly excited, for he jicrccivcd by tho
stream of light which |>assed between tlie birch trees,
tlie features of tlie lovely unknown who had so long
dwelt upon his imagination.
" My Lord Arnwood," said the mveet girl, witli perfect
sclf-l>ossessioii, hut imicli apparent anxiely, " have yoa
seen my father, Mr. Waltliam, to-night 1 Excnsu my
presumption, but I am obliged to waive ceremony at tho
present nioment."
" I have not," eaid Arnwood ; " but say, what baa hap-
pened to him 7 You seem agitated."
" Ah, my lord," said tho young lady imploringly,
" do not detain nic. I must endeavour to find my father."
" Uut why this agitation 7 your fbthcr will doubtless
return."
" I know not the precise meaning of my own appre-
hensions, but my poor fatlicr ia in a utrange state of
mind."
" Let nie assist you in seeking him," eaid Arnwood,
while they proceeded eilentlv together ; " but what rea-
son have you for going in this direction 1 this rood leada
towards New Hall."
" I cannot w"ll account for my fean, but my father
has liccn some time gone, and I dread his meeting with
the owner of yonder mansion, Mr. Dolton."
" Why, lady 7 tliero is sometliing mystcrioui in tliia."
" I cannot tell you now, my lord. I do not fully know
myself; perhaps my fears may deceive me. Alas! he
is nowhere to he seen, nnd the night is cold, and — "
The lady looked round her and then in -Amwood'g
face while she H|ioke, as if feeling the impropriety of her
situation ; but the look was so touehingly imploring,
that he seized her extended hand as if transfiicd to the
spot, and was for some mnmcntR unable to speak.
" I think there is much of my own wcokncM in all
; V''
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WALTIIAM.
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\
mw4
'ilis anxiity," bIki siiid, at Ifiiglli, laying.' one liaml on lur
lionri, MS slic still (iiill'i red liiiii to ntaiii the otiicr, " llir.
trivc I11I-, my Inrd, liiit my piifirlii'aii-l)roken t'ailior is llu'
oiilv I'riciiil I liiivc IriV ill lliu wr.rlcl."
" I pliil^'o iiivmIi'Io tiiid your tlitlier," said Ainwiioi!,
warmly. " Hut ou this condition — that you will suiVlt
iim to s|icak to you lor another nioincnt by the li;:lil of
this niof)n, and on tho eaiida betbrc the door of Ih'-
I'ilot's Mark ?"
" I ouglit not, my lord ; and yet if you find my fiilher,
surely 1 may — I will;" and with these words she turned
away, and, an Arnwood j;azed, slowly withdrew down
the path and waa sooa lost umonj; the shadows of the
hi:i.
As soon as Agatha disapprnrcil, Arnwood procecdtul
nlon;,' the hushy sheltered puth with some haste towards
New I (all, and looked round every where as he went,
without meeting,' the object of his search. As he i>as.-ed
in IVonl of the mansion, although the moon was nearly
obscured, he distinctly |KTeeived n person enter it by a
door in the win;:, but of course this could not be Mr.
Waltliani, and seemed rather to Ik' Mr. Holton himself.
Arnwood was bc;jinninj to return slowly towards the
.Mark, whca he came unexpectedly upon a figure pacing
hastily backwards and forwards on the turf, in a nook of
the shrubbery.
" Wlio are yon ?" said a voice accosting l:ini, in a
lioarse and broken tone.
" A friend, sir," said Arnwood, drawing near.
^ This is very i-trange, my lord, that you sliould be
Ijere !it this moment."
" Why, sir ! Why stran(re ?" said Arnwood, In sur-
prise. " IJocd God I what is that in your hand I"
" Ha! sec yoa the wcai>oii? 'tis a goo<l blade."
" A dagger ! what mean you, Mr. Wallham V'
" It is very strange," still repeated the old man, look-
ing iji Arnwood's fuce, " that you should be here at this
inoniiuit. 'riie will of heaven seems dark to me."
" C'omc along, my dear sir," said Arnwood, taking
liim by the arm. " Your daughter seeks you distract-
edly."
" My daughter ! My Agatha ! So — oh fiod, that my
destiny wxro tiiltilled 1" and he struck his forehead in
agoiiy.
" Tut up that fearful weaiwn, sir, or throw it from
■you — come "
" 'I'lirow it I'rom me! ha, ha !" and Air. Wultham helii
out the (lunger and laughed wildly, as the moon shone
in his lace. " I tell you, my lord," he resumed, " woie
I to bury this picci^ of liital steel in the depllis of the
earth, or throw it into thu fathomless sea, the monsters
of the deep would cast it up and bring it to me, until,
by its means, I had fulfilled my destiny."
" You amaze me by this language," said .\rnwood,
hnrvcying tho pale features of the old man, " Where
ti)und you, sir, this dagger, and why do you wear il
thus ?"
" That little blade," resumed he, looking nt tho wea-
pon as they walked along, " belonged to my fiimily fiuin
time inuuemorial, and strange traditions have been
handed down with it; I know not distinctly their im-
port, I t'orget even tho talcs themselves — but this I know,
that I cannot lose or get rid of it until 1 fulfil my fiite."
" You are in a delusion, i\lr. Walthani. 'J'his is mere
infatuation."
" How confident in tlieir ignoranco aro lliQ young I"
he replie<l, euhnly. " Pardon me, my lord ;" and as he
«poke he took hold of Arnvv'oid's arm, with strong emo-
tion. " Have I not lost every thing that was mine or
my father's to lose I Are not iny lands and mansions
in the possession of strangers .' Were not the precious
relics of iny fathers' (louse sold by the hammer of the
auctioneer ' Has not the last of my oneu great wealth
been swallowed up by the yawning deep ' All, all gone
— all but this accursed dagger. No ! 1 never could lose
that."
" It is strange," said Arnwood, thoughtllilly ; " but
let us hasten to thu Mark."
" Yes, Wis may go to-night," added Waltliam, musing,
" fur although tho I'atcd man who was my ruin came out
and passed betbrc me — though he stood within reach o<
my very dagger, my arm was restrained. The time
destined by heaven was not como to accomplish my just
revenge."
" Your niisfortunci have afTectcd your mind," said
Arnwood, cariu'stly, " and I fear you are deceiving
yourself, even to crime."
"How can 1 help seeing the manifvst indications of
fate ill the events uf my own history J Why did my an-
gelic wife die U|K)n this coast, while I was proceeding to
^ destination aliiiuat contrary 7 Why wai slie buried
•ven in that burying ground behind Arnwood eastlc, by
the pennissidii of your own lady mother, when you
Well' aliciit on vour Iravi Is ? Why was my favourite
d.iughl' r llie viiiim of a villain who now glories in pros,
[lerity, and rolls in wealth .' .\iiil why was I, with my
lemaiiiiiig child, alU'rwarils wrecked uixiii this very
slinri', while on our way to Holland, And planted by Pro-
vidence beside the very man who had sought this retire-
ment, tliiiilung never to come in contact with us on
eartli .'"
" (iracious Providence !" exclaimed Arnwood, half
mentally.
"Oh heaven and earth! what decrees are thine!"
continued the old man ; and he threw up his arms like
ficar, in the agony of his spirit.
" Hut t'orlune will yetluiii round her unsteady wheel,"
said Ariiw<iod, scarcely knowing what lie said.
" Look abroad in the world," Mr. Wallham continued,
with a eahniiess that was nfieeting, " and you will see
the very eontrary of your unsatist'aetnry assuiance. Do
you nnl see that fortune, as we tirui it, |iours favours
into the l.ip of some, as if in spile of tliemsclves, and
ollen tbilows worthlessiuss with rewards, as if with a
■/.ealous and determined profusion ! Do you not see that
there are others, yea, whole tuniilics, who, in spile of the
most anxious endeavours and the best laid plans, are
pursued by the same fortune (call it what you will) un-
til they and their calamities aro ul length swallowed up
ill the great gulf of destiny .'"
" It may be so "
" Nay, il is so."
" Siiiiiilimes. What you contend fiir, however. Is the
existence of a mysterious and inevitable law ; and this
you eaiinut establish by a few insulated instances."
Wallham did not reply aloud, although his while lips
moved as if in speech, and his companion concluded
that the nnsettled mind of the old man had wandered
liom the subject.
When they arrived at the Pilot's Mark, however, he
turned round, and gazing upon the young lord w ith a
solemn earnestness, " The unfortunate," said he, " have a
strange and sympathetic attraction to each other.
Metliinics your tiile is tn be in some measure linked
with mine. Remember this, my |)roud youth, there are
some iiK n whose whole existence is a demand upon one
virtue — -JoiUtuJe. Now, good night, my lord, good
night."
Arnwood stood in a sort of stupor for some time after
Mr. Wallham had left him, ami was still pacing back-
wards and tiirwards on the sands before the iMark, when
be saw the door open, and the figure of Agatha Wnltham
come gliding towards him. -As she came forward, she
presented her hand with \\w frank ease of true modesty,
and uttered a fe.v words of thanks for his attention to
lier father. Arnwood absolutely trembled with a new
ami delicious emotion. He muttered his reply like one
in a dream. He altogellier forgot that it was by his own
reipicst she was there; and when, in another instant,
she vanished like a spirit from his eyes, he rushed sud-
denly from the spot, as if afraid of venting aloud tiie
extravagance of his strange into.xicalicjn.
CHAPTEU XII.
Wo nuist now take a peep into the small dining par-
lour in IMr. liulloii's house, which, together with its
neighbouring and more inagnificeiit aparlmenl appro-
priated to tile same purpose, had, from the sipiire's first
taking pos.session of New Hall, been the scene of such
incessant devastation and extravagant consumption of
viands and wine, as few fortunes could long support.
Of late, however, tho company entertained had been
comparatively very limited in number — and indeed was
eliielly confined to two persons ; one of whom was Lord
Arnwood's old tutor, Mr. Johnston, who found il c.xpe.
dient to stick close to the squire, and even to join him
in his Ilaeelianalian habits, to nn extent which the eeu-
iioiny of his own constitution by no means warranted,
and which only seemed justified by tho greatness of the
stake fijr wliieh he was playing; and the other was iMr.
Hiilson, not altogether a saint, us the judicious reader
may have surmised, yet still, perhaps, deserving a few
words of fair description.
Joshua Hiilson, as ho appeared at present at the
squire's table, was rather a well looking little man, vvith
a knowing black eye, a good shrewd eyebrow, and the
central and prominent feature of his countenance, which
his companions elegantly called the handlo of his face,
of a consistence and colour, which, if not absolutely rc-
seniblinf^ Master Bardolph's, at least showed that youth,
and youth's soundness, had been left considerably behind
by the wearer ; and that his virtues, whnliver their i,j.
ture or extent, were, at all events, nut those of an uUlc.
mious nncborite.
Hiilson's lale years bad been passed cliiefly, or «o
may i" common phrasiohigy say — in the sociityof i;;,,.
tltmeii — that is, of genlleiiun who are i very wlilre tolv
met with by similar gentlemen — who go every win,,.
and are up to every thing, and see every thing, ami tiilj!
eule every thing that makes the least pretensions Iriilt.
vation of sentiment — and who vie with each other intlic
coarseness and heartlessiiess of bachelor sentiinents n\i
society. With respect to the place where such (,'intle.
men meet, we need not be particular, for they arekiunn
to every body, from the parties and clubs in town, to ih,,
race grounds and watering places. But Unison luj
been of late (for it is needless to minee the iimllcr; a
good deal of rogue — but then there are degrees in rojjmrv
as well as in other accomplishnicnts ; and among a trdwil
of men who have each a share of this quality, or i,\
least, among whom integrity and worth are viry scarw
he was " by no means without virtue ;" and in liici
taking into account that he possessed very little, he rIioho
forth occasionally as almo,st a saint, compared with hij
associates. He had even, hackneyed as lie was in iLe
ways of the world, a secret love of virtue and hoiUBlv
and an ambition to practise them when circumstance j
would allow him ; — but from a long intimacy with the
worst side of human nature, he thought these a visioiiarv
kind of good for which a man need not ruin and make
o fool of himself by adhering to them in a general way.
As for high sentiments and fine feelings, he acknowkdj.
ed that he had felt o twinge of them when he wu
young and ravN-, but ho thought that, like religion, tlicv
were only usefiil for the [roor and the simple, who did
not understand how to live in the world.
Johnston, who sat at liis elbow, was by no means m
praiseworthy a character as our friend Hiilson, alllioujli
he talked like an angel about every thing tlii'.t wascxni.
lent. The two worthies, however, were sealed loviiiirlv
together over their wino ; while the squire — in wlioiii
they had of late observed an occasional change of man-
iier for which they could not aeeount — had stolen out
and taken a solitary turn in the shrubbery by the moon.
light, where he unexpectedly encountered Mr. Waltliam,
as mentioned in the last chapter.
" What freakish fancy is this, friend Bolton?" said
Hulsoii, pcc|)ing through between the candles, behind
which he and Johnston sat, as the .squire entered llic
room alU'r his walk. " By the little finger of Bacclmn,
which has a tendency upwards, here are Johnston audi
drinking ourselves into the best of humour in bumpers
to the heaUh of our worthy host, and other absent friends
(hiccup!), — while you,' our said host, are abroad plajing
will-o'lhe-wisp over the moors and fens towards the n'a,
or walking the ghost under shadow of the black turrets
of that frightful old castle bi'yond the wood. Here, let
me fill for you — shall it be Madeira ? claret is too cold
for a man who has been riding the bogs."
" I return yonr comiiliinent, gentlemen," was all the
sijuire could lijr< e himself to say, gulping down a bum.
[KT of the liquor recommended.
" Hey — hah — what !" exclaimed Ilulson, shading Ills
eyes with his hand, as ho fixed them as strongly as the
muddled stale of his faculties would allow hint, iqion thu
sipiire's coimlenance. " Bolton — what the devil is the
matter? Have you seen a witch? By the foulest im]i
that ever grinned over a crag, your face is as pak^ as u
sheet or a shirt (il 's all the same), and your teeth dial-
ler like castanets. Here, man, another toollil'ul— now,
sir, as the mayor of Norwich said to the king, 'Hold u|i
your head and hiok like a man !' "
" Do 1 look pule, Hiilson?" said Bolton, recovering
himself, and striving to laugh it oil"; " nonsense! I only
lelt a little chill from the night uir. Come, Johnston,
yon look as sober as a sexton, and stare at ine as if yon
did not know me. There — fill up like a brave li'llow,
and take a pattern by Hulsoii, my exeelleiit ' droutliy
eionie.' Hnlson, you 'ro a jewel of a drinker."
" I know I am, I know I am — that's right, Bolton,"
crii^d Hiilson, in drunken triumph ut the coiiiplinionl.
" But you shan't laugh us out of a tangible reason lor
these night rambles. Wo must know where yoii liavc
been riding astride your brooinstick — for you are not the
same man of late. You were as white in the gills wlicn
you entered, ns though Lady Arnwood's gh )st hod risen
up among the clifiii lirlow, and brought you mlmt ro/ens
to Hail Hill, and tossed you over that ugly long di"lt
lighthouse looking what do you call it, the Pilot's Marji."
" Johnston, have you nothing to say?" said the squire,
turning oH' the 'tree enquiries' of the merrier of his
guests J " let us have a fair division of the talk as well
jjol'llii: «'""'• •■'oi"'."'
(onvrrsalio" "'a" '''"■''
" \Se 've just had a
11, ha," shouted Hulsc
aiilcrs say, to get iuli
,or>t ol' it is. 1 'v« «'
,ion by so good a s|m
fere, so it is thrown a\
' 1 am glad to bear I
in iny absence, friend
I 1 lliink )'o» would do \
I lilt doctrines and preet
" I would not willing
r, liaison," said Join
I our ivortliy host, for w
I iiut 1 am sorry to obsi'
I vfrv name of virtue an
I ni«l beautiful precepts
" PiTliet contempt '.-
I i(ri|il— ba, ha," said H
udi tumid iieriod. I '
ibout as great a rogue
«ijh to say any thing
\a>\ despise cant and
morals, when there is
I slia'n't have my wine s(
n ivliat no one present
I Id pretend to."
" Mr. Hnlson, that is
I inf," said Johnston. "
I iciild always dclend an
ii'uee, whether you pr
" Should I ? ha, ha—
I Hid pretty maidens, if tl
I iro swerve a hit ; but I i
I it'll'talking much about
I le>j il were in jest No
Inilures, the world's o|iir
I tiller in straight persj
I gi gentlemen who arc gi
I M, don't think to gam
I iIk world's talk in my ti
" For heaven's sake, I
I lunie a virtue,' at least, a
's sake."
" (onlbund your dccei
III] decency together, anc!
itk, ami that is what I c
Ipericnec and knowledge,
liil licrc and listen daily i
lleace and virtue, of a ma
liutoaa admiration of hir
Iniiiv, merely by talking
Imar from that very tli
Ipealest rogue of the thri
* What do you mean, i
lii; to appear indignant.
It«i, Mr. Hulsoii, or to d
IdoIusii to be ipiarrelsomc
".No more I am, sir ni
llhe devil if he'd offer to li
llomake me lielicve him a
Ikllcr; but as tor you, si
purrel for the sake of an
fency's sake, as you sa;
lltt three, sir, you know j
"Ilulson, what is tha
Inii Mr. Bolton ; " this is
Im have drank your wiiii
far with lliis soil of la
* Mr. Bolton," soid IIii
fan to the bottom of hi
Iro flawing towards the
I know i am sitting he
bihiijany, drinking your
V«ll.v considerably drunk'
■'t little good opinion 1
ml of those who have m
^ir ri^ht names, and upl
^ronrsinhis ahominabi
» till me tliat we are not
uil will it mend the matti
^eillemptto hide that fa
'enorld? Nay, don't in
e bee about it, as you w
ii for a man must speak
lou cannot stand it any lo
S coMcicncc, why cut tli
mils nilli Satan manfullv
" My dear Ilulson," san
anted, " I am not used
WALTIIAM.
329
j'die tt'ini'. C'oiiii', goiilk'iDcn, lot iiio hear wliiil your
toiiiorsatioi) was diiriiifr my nbsiiifc."
,. We 've just liiiri a iKMulifiil disimlciilioiit virliio — liii,
;,] lia," slioiiU'd Unison. " It isijiiilu irfrefhiiip, us thu
ifiliTS siiyi to i;ct into coiiipuny with a siiint. Jtut tlir
,or>t of it ixi i '^i' "i'*^" rall'i-'f too imioli to he done,
vrn bv !«> ^'oo'l i^ s|>okcsnian as our triciid Joliiixton
i,ri', so it is thrown away upon nie."
" 1 am k''"' '" '"■''"' '''"'• y" '""' " lecture read to you
imiiy absence, friend Hulson," said Mr. lioltun ; " and
I lliirik yo" would do well to Iki a little more guided by
I tiK doctrines and precepts of Mr. Johnston."
' 1 would not willingly say an uneivil thing to you,
Mr. liaison," said Johnston, " lor you are a friend of
I ^u, ivorlhy host, for whom I have the highest respect ;
|iul I am sorry to observe that you almost despise the
verv name of virtue and nmrality, and seem to treat tli<
niosl beautiful precepts with jjcrlect contempt."
" Perfect contempt! — you re very right — i)erfeet cnn-
I Knini— ha, ha," said Unison. " Now that was a very
.■II turned jHjriod. 1 Ml tell you what it is, I am niueh
I ibout as great a rogue as my iicighlwurs, and / dcni't
sish to say any thing particularly uncivil ; but I do ut
loast despise cant and humbug, and preaching about
I morals, when there is nothing for it but talk — and I
flia'n't iiavc my wine soured on the passage by a lecture
It what no one present, in my belief, has any fair right
lo pretend to."
* Mr. Hiilson, that is a very irreverent way of speak-,
I inf," said Johnston. " If you were a man of sense, you
I (ciild always defend and stand u;> for virtue and bene
nlcuce, wliether you practised them or not."
" Sbould I ? ha, ha — well, so I would, to sehoolboys
I taii pretty maidens, if the latter did not sometimes make
I me swerve a bit ; but I am sure I would not trouble my-
I si'll'talking much about it to such reprobates gs you, un-
I less it were in jest. No,'no— the lawyer's seals and sig.
Iiuliires, the world's opinion at hand, and the hangman's
I killer in straight iwrspective, aro the only things for
I lb gendeinen who arc going the broad way. So, Jolm-
Itlon, don't think to gammon mc. I've heard enough of
; world's tolk in my time."
' For heaven's sake, Hulson," said Mr. Bolton, " ' as.
I lame a virtue,' at least, asShakspearc advises, tor dccen-
'8 sake."
" (lontound your decency," exclaimed Hulson ; " it is
III! decency together, and assumption too, and nothing
Itk, ami that is what I complain of; and arc men of ex-
Iperienrc and knowledge, like you and myself, Bolton, to
liil licre and listen d:iily to the preaching, about excel-
lleace and virtue, of a man who thinks to bamboozle me
liiioaa adniiratioM of him on the score of a love of mo-
Inlity, niiTcly by talking prettily about it — when I could
Imcar from that very thing, li priori, that ho is the
■(tcaleal rogue of the three of us ?"
"What do you mean, sir?" said Johnston, endeavour.
lii; to appear indignant. " What have I said to oflend
Ivou, Mr. Hulson, or to deserve such names? You did
|j»t use to be (piarrelsonie in your cups,"
".No more I am, sir methodist, but I'd quarrel with
llht devil if he'd otier to humbug me to my face, and try
lloraakc me believe him an atigcl of light, when I know
Ikltcr ; but as for you, sir, you have not the spirit to
miarrcl fur the sake of an oild word of truth, even for
racy's sake, as you say, and yet you arc the worst o(
lb ilirce, sir, you know you are."
' Hulson, what is that you say about tlio three,"
kill Mr, Itulton ; " this is nothing but calling names ;
noa have drank your wine, but you had better not go
ol'arivith this soil of language,"
' Mr, Bolton," said Hulson, thrusting his two Imnds
^trn to the bottom of his breeches pockets, his black
fici glancing towards the squire with drunken energy,
Tlknowlnm sitting here with my legs under your
phiiirany, drinking your wine, and I know that 1 am
Vetty considerably drunk — but arc you about to forfeit
e little good opinion I have of you, by assuming tlie
lilt of those who have not the spirit to call things by
keir risht names, and upholding tliis new acquaintance
t yours in his abominable whine ? Will you pretend
lo tell me tliat we are not three very tolerable rogues,
1 it mend the matter, if, by canting about virtue,
¥t iltempt to hide that fact from ourselves or.even from
V world? Nay, don't interrupt mc, nor turn white in
t face about it, as you were to-night when you came
1. for a man must speak the trutli sometimes, and if
kou cannot stand it any longer, and have something like
1 toMcicnce, why cut the connection at once, shake
ui^ i\'ith Satan manfully, and turn a new leaf."
" My dear Hulson," sanl Mr. Bolton, somewhat dis
know wo are not saints — but come, don't be so in(|uisi-
toriul, and lot us have a glass of wine and a oliango ut
snbjool,"
" With all my hourt — conio, .Mr, Kxccllinoo," siiid
Unison, resuming his ^oiA hnmour and turning to Julni-
ston, " join us ut least in swallowing what stands hitiiro
us. Upon my honour 1 sliuuld not have the h ast nialioo
against you, if you would oidy, tor ooninion sonso and
doconoy s suko, oonl'oss ycinrsell' to Ih' a rascal,"
'■ Wo are none of us what we ought to ho, .Mr, Ilid-
snn," said Juliuston with a ponitont look, and ut the
sanu.' time holding his glass to be tilled ; " men arc but
mon,"
" .So they are, that is a very profound saying, friend,"
ropliod Unison, lo( ring at the other with contempt,
" But there is a deal of dilVerencc bttwton men lor all
that.'
" Well now, sir, drink your w ino, and ilnn't bo too
scvoro u|ion jioor human nature," said Johnston fawn-
ingly. " Vou know you aro not backward in confessing
that you aro a little of a rogue yourself."
" Yes, but you have a lore lor roguery, and a liistt for
crooked ways, and I have not, and that makes all tho
ditlbionco. I am bad onongh,(!od knows,'' added Hul-
son, bitterly, " and /know it; but, by hoavcns, it g(jos
to the Irottom of my stomach to be eallod rogue, and bo
at the same lime lectured on morality by yon."
" My dear follow," said Mr. Bolton, interfering, "will
you remember that this is my house, and that Mr. John-
ston is my guest; and although you have taken your
wine freely, do let us enjoy ourselves and be good
Irionds."
" I 'II be friends to no man, sir," said Hulson, getting
solwr in tiis anger, " who olfors to speak of religion and
virtue in my presence, with no bettor pretence to tho
practice of them than any one of us here. I am sober
enough still not to suft'er my understanding to be insult-
ed by cant. If we are mon of the world, and have nnido
our money as we could, and got on in our own way, in
the name of reason let us at least talk fairly to each
other.''
A dead pause here occurred for some mimites, while
the squire, who was on tlic tidgots to talk to Johnston
apart about something that lay heavy on his mind, look-
ed across to him with a disconcerted and oven wild look ;
while Hulson, with his brows drawn down and his mouth
drawn up, sat watching them both with an expression of
piercing enquiry shooting from his black eyes.
" wily don't you speak ?" he at length said, in a tone
that made the others start — " I vill be at the bottom of
this look-language, Mr. Johnston : and since I have got
on this subject at last, I must toll you that as clovor a
t'ellow as I think myself, I iKisitivoly do not understand
your motive for causing tho f|uarrol between our friend
Bolton, and Lord Arnwood over tho way. Now, sir, as
Mr. Bolton and I aro older acquaintances than you and
he are,-''-and as I have a strong notion, by these looks
between you, and these night wanderings, that you are
.striving to help my friend to some job tliat he is not yet
had enough to undertake — I shall take tlic liberty of in-
sisting upon your saying this very instant what made
you take such pains to cause the quarrel with the young
lord — in which I myself was not free from blame. This
do I for the sake of all parties."
" I cause the quarrel with Lord Arnwood, sir?" said
Johnston ipiailing — " I deny any such thing, and 1 ap-
l)eal to Mr. "
" Appeal to vie, sir," said Hulson, thumping the
table, " and to no one else, until I am satisfied. I choose
to Ih; the judge myselt', for you abused my opinion also
of the noble youth. Not only did you dwell iqwin the
young baron's poverty — which was had enough, after you
had eaten his bread for years — but poison our thoughts
as to his qualities, insinuating that he was every thing
that was contemptible, so as to make Bolton, and even
myself, treat him cursedly ill, that is the truth; and you
thus disappointed Bolton of forming a connection, which
would have been acrcditandasalv.ition tohim. Now, sir, I
sny that Lord ArnwooJi behaved like a gentleman, as he
has shown himself, and a man of honour and spirit — and
that you were the cause of this quarrel."
" 1 am sorry you think so, sir," said Johnston coolly —
" but I can only say I had no motive in speaking what I
thought the truth, but friendship to Mr. Bolton."
" Friendship I pish — there now, Bolton," added Hul-
son, turning to his host — " By hcovcn ! this man woidd
cant the hangman from his purpose with the roim round
his neck ; and still you arc silent I Well, give mo ano-
ther glass of wine; to drown cnro, for this house will soon
be too bad for mc to set my foot in, after all 1 have seen !"
it oil', lloimood indiginuitly out of tho room towards his
sloe pill!; n|i.'irtuiriit.
"'I'Ihmc iniisl lie sonirtliing rotten in the stale of Den-
murk ul'tir nil," s.iid .Mr. I!(>lt(in thi.ii!;htl'ully, a liw mo-
nunts ullor tho (.xit ol' that gcntUmun — "whtn my old
liii'iid Hulson has taken the alarm. In truth, I don't
tool well, Mr. Johnston, and whul I was gi/nig to suy to
you has all gnuo (,ut of my head. You will extus-e me,
liiit I must rotiro."
" ll'yf.n aro ill, sir," said tho other, now taking con-
rugi', "you woio best to retire; of onur^e. But if the
drunken importinenoi; of a man who is only jealous be-
caiiso he is not consulted, while annthor is proi'orrid, bo
suIVk iont to tic your tongue or make; you wavor in your
purpose — ynu hnvo loss decision, or, to speak plainly,
more weakno.ss of oharaelor than 1 imagined."
" I-oavonu', sir," said Bolton, in strong agitation ; "de-
(;isioii must bo built upon thought — to-night I am eon-
liisi'd and unwell — wc shall talk further — to bed — to
hod !"
'lied, " I am not used to sco you in tliis vein, l| — and eo eaying, ho filled a flowing glass, and drinking
CHAPTKIi XIII.
Meanwhile, although the spirits of Lord Arnwood niid
.\gatha Waltham wore con.'^idorably raised, since their
short interview of tho previous night, tho situation of the
latter in the Pilot's Alark, to which we now return, was
by no means to hv envied. Among other cNils that
pressed of late upon her heart and extiiiguisliid the
hopes of youth, poverty with its iron gripe and ehilling
calculations was fast circumscribing the narrow means to
wliich she looked for ^ome relief from her jircsont strange
and irksome situation. The household cares of her lit-
tie frugal establishment, she, though so young, had
taken entirely tqion herselt", from tondernoss to her
t'athor, upon whose mind his mistbrtunes had made such
impression that he was becoming every hour more inca-
pable of entering into the mo.st common ulVairs, cither of
iiis family, or of a world from which bethought himself
destined soon to be withdrawn,
A single pur.so of speeii', which had been saved lo him,
when all else was lost, by the shrewd foresight of the ho-
nest .Scot, had been so nmch drawn upon on their settling
themselvos in the Mark, that she almost entirely de-
(K'uded for their subsistence upon the produce of the
.sea; which the faithful Macara and his ooinpnnion ran-
sacked t'or their suiipnrt, selling tho produce at the near-
est market town, wlionce tlioy usually rolurned with tho
small stock of provisions necessary for the economical
estiiblishment. Of lute, however, since the accession of
.Mary Reynolds and her infant to their number in tho
Mark — and from the accidents of the sea and the wea-
ther, whioh make tho simple occnputieju of tho fisherman
as unoertain as the speculations ot those who cast their
nets for the favours of fortune, on a muoh more arliticial
surface and by a much more complex mode — the purso
of the old gentleman had been reluctantly applied to
more than once, and Agatha dreaded having recourse lo
it again, afraid to eni|uire into the actual state of their
finances.
She sat this morning, therefore, in her little window
in the turri^t, watching the arrival of Murdoch and his
l)oat, eager to know what was his morning's success.
She observed at length the boat approach the shore, but
it di<l not come in tcjwards the Pirate's Creek as usual,
the men ajipearing to wish to land on the contrary sido
of the little point, and further down in the bay.
Agatha was so anxious that, contrary lo the wish of
her father, she sot oH' alone to meet Murdoch, and learn
what he had caught. The morning was not sunny, hut
the air was still and suhry ; and though she wos glad of
an cxecM- logo abroad in the daylight, she neither (oil tlic
odorous smell of tho country, nor the usual fresh breeze
from the sea, and the whole sky, asslie tripjied along the
sands towards the Imat, soeiii(;d dull and portentous.
"There now. Will Watheishcet," said Murdoch to
his companion, as they driAv in shore, "just starlmard a
wee, an' steer for that black stjinc wi' the towric on tliei
tap o't like a miller's bonnet — an' so we '11 slip up to the
.Mark by the back way, for Miss Agatha watches us
like pussey when we come in by the creek, an' I'm per-
feet black ashamed to l)e coming hame at this tiino o' day,
wi' nicol naething in the boat, like a fule."
" Who can help it man," said Weathorshecl, " such a
morning as this ?" It is easily seen that you arc no rc-
gular-bred fisherman, or you woulil not keep grumbling
ut a summer calm or n cross.curront. But, hilloa ! who
comes yonder? By the board of old Neptune, Murdoch,
there is tho wench that you're singing of in your very
sloop, coming down on the sands towards us like a king-
fisher."
5 I • '
r:4
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■'If'. CV^n »<■>;'• .^.ii,t.f;,f.
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.it;:|
330
WAI/rilAM.
m
I
■ 'i 'Si ■* '<
»;?;■
■ 'Mi- : 1
" TVioJ Mary Ucynolila ? iiu, faith. Kli, man, Will
Wathcrshccl, but yoVo a jHwr jmlge o' a woman. Yc'ro
a decvclish deal better judtfe o'. cauld fish sooniing in the
Bca than ye are o' warm bits o' bodien like the women, fair
fa' them. Starboard your helm, Will."
" .Starboard it is ; but I don't know what I'm doing for
listening to you — you're always singing, or rhyming, or
raving about something."
" Eh but. Will, they're warm eonsie creatures, the las-
sies — puir tilings — an' a great comfort to a man, es|)c-
cially when he's down in Uic mouth, an' like to lake the
drunts at the warl'. It just does me (;u(lc to think about
them in my affliction, and as for singing or rhyming,
man, if I was na sae ill-humour'd this morning tor my
bad luck, I'd sing you a lilt to the tunc o' 'Ranting
roaring Willie.' Here goes on a chance : —
O ilinnn ye like the la?sles, llicy'ic welcome nyc to me ;
O iliiiiia ye like the Iniuieii, they're welcome aye lii me ,
They're welcome .nve tii rue, ilKniRh ever «ne ilnwieaiiil sail.
Fur miiny n rniiliiiil ilav the InxsieM nn' I hue hnci :
ti diiiiin ye like the lassien, whi>n innrtiih tries yiui wiir,
U iliniia ye Unnk n nweei Iniwic wniilii ilrive awny liiigged despair.
When sheminKirs n smile wi' n lear
And poiiiis to i!Oi>d IVtrtiitie at haiut,
For theimiloo' her iiiouih, an' the tear <>' her ee.
My heart could ne'er wiihsiaiid—
" Now that's no sae bad aff hand. Hard a-port,Will— "
"Hard a-port— Fend off there, Murdoch, and give
over your chanting. It's not lucky to be singing in litis
ugly calm over our empty boat."
"Od!" cxclainu^d iMurdoch, jumping ashore. " I'll be
whuppet if that's not Miss Agatlia^hersel" coniing down
to question us, when we have na a John-dory in llie boat,
Will I faith you must speak up this tiinis"
"I'm no orator, Mr. Murdoch, particularly when tlic
world's tide is ebbing — so just give it to the lady yourself,
cither in prose or rhyme."
"Well, lads," said Agatlia, coming forward, "what
luck to-day !"
" Mecserablc, mem ! mecserablo !" said Murdoch,
"That is unfortunate."
" We might as weel tisli in Mary Ucynnlds's potatoe
tub as try it this tide, iiicin," continued the Scot. " Thi'
swell is a' frae the suthert, and the sea is as white as
racal gruel, an' ye'll as soon bring up the glistening
jiearls or the red coral aa ony sort o' fish off this shore
the day."
" Anil do you think it will not bo better by the night's
tide /" said Agatha.
" Will Wathcrsheet says that there's the swel. o' a blast
uff tlie eastert; an' if that be tr\ie our bit cobble will no
do inuekle guile next tide, I'm thinking."
" Is that the case, William I" said she, addressing tlir
Bailor.
" It's moral certain, ma'am," said Wcatliersheet, proud
of lieing 8|>oken to. " It's sure to blow fresh and cast up
u sea before midnight; and yet there was .Mr. .Maeara
here singing about the lassies as we came in, just like a
mermaid iKilbre a stof in— and that promised no good luck,
as I told him."
" Hoot, mini, never heed Will Wathcrsheet," saiil
Maeara; "lie has no sense; an' as for my rhyming an'
Hinging, fiuth it's a' the eonilbrt I hae whyles when tlie
worl" girns against me."
Agatliu re luriied Innne to the Mark with feelings of
great eoneirii and anxiety. It was no longer a ipiestion
iif rilriiielmu'iit anil eeimoniy, for n'tiial want now
stared llii'in in Ihe face ; ami, in spile of the bunyanrv of
youth, and the brigiitiuss of youthful lio|s', she shrank in
terror at the pro8|H'rl. She saw she could not ilet'er fur
un hour lunger applying to Iter father to dole out to Iter
from thu remains of his little store, the means of oblaiii-
itig a supply of provisions, from the nearest market,
which was inimediulely needed. Hut how to set about
that, and effect it without aKiiin rousing the olil man's
feelings, to an extent which she feared to conteinplulr,
baffled all her ingenuity.
Iliir nieililalions on the most delicate mode of infnrin.
Ing her fatli'r of her necessities were mingh'd with sail
•ppreheiisioii:* of Ihe future as she sat ttiUHiiig al Ihe win
dow ; and then vague thoughts of I,nrd Arnwoml, and
scarcely suppressed wishes for another op|>ortutiily of
meeting him. induced her to link involimlaril^v towards
the castle, but in vain, for a sight of liim ntilil the day
•v«s far ailvaneed. .^he was siirpriHcil to litid that her
father did nol walk out as usual to day, nor inileed had
shii met him nt all, t* he partixik of his slight dinner ir
his own ehamlHT, in which, liowi'ver, it was nothing un
usual for liiin to eonfine himself for days tngelher. At
length, taking •■■luragi', she went and lapis'il at Ihe (ioor.
his few books and pajiers, wliieh were his chief consola-
tion.
" Agatha, my love, is it you 7" he said, as he admitted
her; "come in and sil be.side me. In truth I blame my-
self for not emiuiring for you, and I am glad you have
come of yoiu-self. Sit down, my child, and let inc look
al you."
" I am delighted to sec you so well, and so hajipy,
father," said Agatha, "yet, indeed, I think my distiirb-
ing you will be nothing the worse for cither of us, for I
longed to see you."
" Did you, my dear child ? heaven make you happy I
How like you ore to your heavenly mother this inoinent,
my sweet Agatha! I had just Isicn niedilating upon
her and her virtues, and that future world where si'.e is
now dwelling with spirits of light and glory ; and where
I am soon to follow her. And yet, the meditation was
at an end, and thou hast lelieved my solitude again like
an earthly angel. God lie gracious to thee, my child ;" —
and the old man incited into tears as he gazed upon
her.
" Father," she said, shedding tears with him : " I am
happy to find you so calm even while you are affected so
deeply. And now, tell tiic how you have spent your day
in this chamber. Surely you are too solitary."
" Solitude is good and b<:eomiiig in my circumstances,
Agatha, lor I have had my time of pleasure and joy, such
OS tlie world has to give, and now it is time to consider
my past life. I have rioted with the rich in my day, and
laughed loud with the wanton and the high fed, and glo-
ried in my possessions with the thoughtless and tlie extra-
vagant I was in my time one of tlio
liavc no |x)wer over lliein. The measure of |r(,(,(|,|||j|
evil is meted out to us, and in res|R'et of oiir little Itallij I
in the produce of the sea, were you not already auarcl
of its uneertainty '"
" Hut, sir, our provisions are all consumed, and Jlur-i
doch has caught nothing these two days, iuidl»lB|||
require a little of the gold you have left to semi to nur.l
ket immediately. That is tlio cause of my troubliuj
you."
"t'ertain'y, my love. Agatha, are you aware Ihitl
— My liod !" he exclaimed, as he brought nut t)iel
purse from a little tnuik, " there is but one piect |e|) J
The other was given for repairs to tlie boat. My childir
my child 1 I
" Oh, I see it all — I sec it all," continued Mr. Walihtm |
rising and pacing the room in much agitation. "(;^
my darling ! go and buy provisions. There — it is tl,t|
last piece, and tJie consummation of all things it ,J
hand !" I
" I cannot leave you in this spirit, father.— I «i|||
not !" I
"(io, my child, and do not try cither to tempt or lol
resist me. What saitli Job, ' Shall we receive goiiil aJ
the hand of (lod and shall we not also receive ivil!'|
\o I thu draught that heaven affords to man liaii alvratil
been, and always will be, a mixed draught ; and tlic riipl
that is apfioinled for us we must drink. Away, mvl
child. What a (lash of lightning was that! ThfiiTyl
storm that is gathering in the sky is a further ividencc-l
.\way, Agatha — let me retlecl, let mo prepare, for ilic|
hour is come !"
* Cny, licenlinns, proud,
Whom pleasure, power, anil affluunro surrniniil,'
— yes, amidst a world where there is much of sadness
and si-ffering, [wverty and privation, and where the bit-
ler tear of the afflicted, shed in private and on the sleep,
less pillow, is seen only by Iliin who turns not away
from misfortune and sorrow — and where the groans ol'
those who have no hel|)er on earth enter only into the
ears of the Almighty. I was too ignorant of human iiuf-
tiering, and too thoughtless, to be gcHid. I was too conli-
ilent in wealth, to feel a sympathy fniindid on |H^rsonal
apprehension. liut heaven laughs at the ignorance of
wretched mortals, whose trust is in the spider's web; for,
as Job sailli, ' we are hut of yesterday, and know nothing,
iM'caiisc our days U|mn the earth are a shadow.' "
Uiit you were once happy with us, dear father, when
wc were in Ilrussels, and when we had no wretched
cares for subsistence, and my mother was so aiuiablc, and
£lim was so alas !"
" Yes — true. Like the same Job, ' when the Al-
mighty was yet with mc, when my chihlren were alsiut
me, my root was spread out by the waters, and Ihe dew
lay all night U|ion iny branch,' — hut well may I say now,
' I was nut in safety, neither had I rest, neither was I
quiet, yet trouble came,' — and now I have the sati.sl'ae.
tioii ol knowing what is the portion of my cup, and 1 ani
resigned and ready."
"Father, do not talk thus mysteriously — surely soine-
tiling may yet Is; ilonu for us, to restore you to huppi.
ness."
" Nothing can be di'ie, Agiitha, nnlil my fate is ful-
filled; hut I have prayed earneslly to heaven for stniiglh
to bear all. From the sihiiee and solitude of lliis ehaiii.
her I have ImmiI my knees with tears to the Most High,
impliiring him to forgive nie the sin lliut I niiui iiii-
|H'lleil to commit, and to Ismr the frightl'ul eonseqiiences
like n man, until my struggling spirit is, jKirhaps, on tin
scaffold of the eriniitml, forced from its frail tinement,
and earrii'd to a future and an unknown world."
" (iruuious heavens, father 1 what talk yon of critni
nuls and scaffolds! Oh! what horrible dilusion is this
Think of your virtuous life, and your gisnl imine ;
think of my mother who is in heaven, and of me and my
|H>or lister. Think of (he (iod nlsive us, and Ihe world
tliioiigh uhieh we are to struggle; and do not harbour
the thought of criinu. Oh, Itilher, your poor Agatlia
would break her heart at Ihe l«re idea."
" He (Maeetul and resigned, my child," said Mr. Wal-
tliam, striving to affect raininess. "1'ho lime st least is
yet sumewliut distiiil, althungli last night it s»etnrd
mar. Hut I have prayed, and have olilnined sonienssur-
anee tliat the |M'riod has nol yet arrived. Hut tell me,
Agatha, did not I see you outside on the sands to.day I"
" Yes, sir, lint it was oidy for a luomenl. I went
out to know what fish had Ihcii caught, fur 1 was so
anxious "
"And why so anxious, my love? I have often told
and entuting, found him, ns usual, iittin\( ocnipiud with I yixi tliat auxirly uliout Imninn oM-itts it gress folly, for wo
CHAPTF.R XIV.
The feeling with which Lord Arnwood had «ni|
.\gallia on the level sand in the moonlight, as mcntiiiiii^
Is'lore, and l>clield her vanii^h from his eyes, u ihi
Hilled across the little space between the gale of lii« pljn
tiilion where they met, and the Pilot's Murk, which ihi
entered, was ol a kind to which he had been ilto
gether umiKed of late years. Kven the few words nhe hij|
s|Hiken sunk deeply into his heart ; and the unrewni^
ipportunity he had enjoyed of eontemplatiMgllmtcouaifJ
nance, and reciprocating glances with thoKc eyr»
whieli he had dwelt so long ill imaginaliun asonidij
iglitful vision, filled him with sensations thai reiwmbM
intoxication. A reality seemed to be disclosed lohiniii
female |H'rlt'etion,and a felicity made ap|iarciit in lemiy
sneii'ty, which, before, he had only conteinpluted in hiJ
dreams. Fiveti now, however, there mingled Knini'sliii
of the visionary and fantastic with his iinprnuioiiJ
■\gatlia — the Agatha whom he loved — was a Is'iuit t|
his own creation, enehanled by the strong tna^ir i
futiey into the form of Miss VValthuni. •Still it wis ilt|
lighliil to dwell upon the pleasing idea thai — nluue u 1
hud thought himself in the world, und vague ur ilarknl
were his prospects — there might lie one being «li
seeiiiid, as he lltittered himself, capable of reci|)roi:nliD(|
his feelings, and to whom his futuru fate would not li)|
un.nteresling,
" What can there he in the sound of woman's mitt"]
he said to him.ielf, as wilh spirits of unusual lighlni'Mli
strode ulimg the niiHinli);hl cliffs towords home— "whiil
has lite |M>wer thus to relieve men's desponding llioii;[hl>,lJ
melt their natures, and linhten their hearts into teiMlinin
uiiil jny. What wilehery is there in her mere prrwml
what niiisie in hrr siHith'ing s|H'ueli ! what elmrni In hill
irlanee of interest and seiiliiiunt ! what raptures In iiii[
xmilrl — whieli in all ages has been erlebraled liir ill
elli'ils upon nnti in his inoments of Ihe di-eis'it wiiin™
or the most intolerable oppression." And IVom thn
generalising relleeti.iiis he turned us ho |ar«l aif.nf-
soinetiines glaneiiig towards Ihe sea on his ri|(hl, i
which the mmm slioiir dimly fur towards the liwiu
and sometimes through thcvislns of the trees in lii»™i|
grounds on the hft — to a more intense coiisidrrallorc
the fail' and (iirm of her from whom he had jiinl |«rtnlj
intil Ihe wsriuth of his fancy, as he !i)okcii upwa.iliiM
around, lid him to think with the luiel, tlial Ihr w
firms and features of ntturo syinimtiiispd in liii idnuifj
lion.
The feelings of Agathii Walthnm wero M dwpl)' "I'l
gaged u|sm Tier return to the Mark, as lliow of Ait-|
woimI, and this short interview with a youth on »b
her funey linil so liineh dwelt since the night wliriik
was briiughl to her wounded and insensilile, wua crilili.|
cation to her cherished feelings, and a relief to In t W
rits, us precious as Arnwisnl could have wUlird in hiil
wnruicKl moments of intoxiratiim. Her ftiHi" W"'!
tired to ImsI, and she niouiiled to her lillle elumlirriiil
the turret, nnd seating berwlf «t the iwtrow Yriiiil»» [
I ,,,l,;licll till' >•">'"« '"
,.„ CJllU HI-''' '"I" '•>
itilli fe'linff^ "'' I""'" '
„,isijj|iceteil pn.><Kioii
I p,|it nere so delicious
I H)k no tlioiiirlit cither
I in lit;,' tliat parted tin
1 timiow until she coiili,
1 f! Iiiiii, whose resjiectl
I » ilalleriiig 1o her
I iiliT retired to rest, i
I jiiJ lii'f thougiits busy
Ifiiilnirsiifyoiit'i-
Whirl Arnwoml awi
I (iin slione more clieet
I ihm It liad done lot
I mill iirouiid with a i:
I nijuvi'il a V<"i'' sense
1 ruiiii'il since he lell tl
In] ruHi'il placid and
Ilk distance; and the
IfIIoI's .Mark shot up
I lines il'ilail Mill with
I m'lTr olisiTved Isilbre.
I »itli the .stately castle
I hiin at tiiat inonieiit to
Id'sileartldy telieity.
His niiiiil was now
liiaini' magical iiiHuen
|u'illi.|ilaijs and pros|ie(
InliTil an invitation to
Jftifiid, Mr. Stone, tin:
I «lth a !i|ilrit and decis
liccoiiat, to ciin.iult will
I he already proposed in
Int iiin't" Mr. Walthi
]illliiiU!;h h:^ had looki
llonards I lie afternoon,
|oniMi<il to him, he si
Irbsical ri'tiremint of
llov'ilaiiil re»|M'eted licci
liiiiisoniiiiid castle
,\< he |.riHi'i cled thil
Imilrs from .-\rllv^'ood, li
llhclllture of .Mr. Holt,
Iharscliaek — this being
Isini'i: tiieir ipiarrel, T.
lint la his meeting
Ibi'lHiTii whom and liiii
lr:r('iiiiistaiiees of reliie
III ,11, siiliM'ipieiit insult,
lAriiwiHiil was just rrll
lliiii|>l, upon the e.ieu|Mi
Inilh a niin whom he I
llwfnir, '/'he olijeet of
liicir, and eyeil him,
liirail lo N|H'ak. He
lll«' si|iiire turned his I
lilnl slill in apiuirent
liti.liirralle pride and
llitMVrs n.H lie nltserveil
lirliaatioii to reliirn in
liliilr, or to li.-iteii to '
|piul al liiiii with a liK
iiiuuhllni; lo somethi
lu,<lii<iii, iiiiil passed on.
.\ra\HHMl would liuvi
IfiJriil, nil rely eoii«iiliT
|riJiialili|,'ruilaticin oft
IImiI MICH, had lie not m
||<'irr:il ireiilleiimn on
|(iNii,Tly Mi'ii at llcilloii
■tiontaliiingcoiiipi
IIUll. Tills caused hii
Ifiirniii'i's HJiieh i| gavi
'<l«iii|Hjji Hi'i'eral eireii
|| licllng tinil his ow
Imliroliai; I'nemlsol'lh
lluliletnheiitHctid by
Wli'ii .Mr. llolliin ur
lArim.KKJ on the rmol, I
'rul notes, wliii li liu
jliKalisence, tlii' perusi
IsTiMin iiineerii, and ti
|l"''i|«Tledto have eel
l»nviiiv ol' ilisa|ipiiiuliii
ll'mnhis lawaifi'iit in I
|«li"iniriieoii»i,lernlde
1 »« I'lvlin^r, „„ deeply ii
IhriiiiKlii rdiiniU, iii t
WALTIIA.M.
331
■iis\iri' i)f jfiHjd ui,J
of our liltlflrailj,!
not already a«i[t|
nsumcd, and Mui.
days, and I shall 1
eft to stnd to nut. I
u of my troubling!
rit, fallicr— I wiiil
)f woinan'i" voirt
inutiiml lifjhlnivf In
irds hiiini — "nhiili
pondin)v tli(U);:hl«,ld
[■Hrt^iiiliiliiiiliTiin
her iiiiTc iirmoiiitl
wliiit I'liarni in h(i|
hut rnpturc'H in inl
II crlcbriid'd liir il^
thii iliTiK-sl mHhii
" Ami IVnm llif
N he imccd aliin-1
H (111 hi* ri|ilii. I
.ownrdu llii' Imriw
thr Irci'ii in liii"n»i|
nmi c'Diinidculi"""
I hr had ju«l |urtnl|
looked ii|m«.il«i«r
iHirt, llial thr m
JiiHod ill hi» «ilniiri|
I tiiiJiod til'' yoiiiif,' iimii'H imigross liDincvviU'd :i.s Ihr us
I), ciidd ''i>''<^ '''"' ''y tli(.' iiiiui rtuiii litflit of Iho iiiooii,
I jilli livliiig.s of |mrc iiiiidoiily iiiti'icsl, yet rial lhnu;;h
jiniism^cti'd passion. 'I'lii' pleasing fuiiciiw of ihr iiiii-
niiBl «'''' "" 'i<'l'''ioi"'i "'uti 'ike Arnwooil hiiiis<'lf, she
l»)li no tlioiiirlit either of the (liflV'reiico of circumstances
„, lill: that parted tlieiii, or of tlic worldly folly of the
lilri'iia she was iiidiilgiiig; hut tiller watchiiijr at her
I niiiilo* until she could no longer trnec the receding form
1 1! Iiin't wh""!' res|)ectful manner, yet anient iooi<s, were
I (0 ilatli'ring to lier in her present low estate, she soon
tl,f ri'tiri'd to rest, with iier liiNirt iigiit(T liian iisiinl,
liil lur tlumglils busy witii liie lolly mill licautiful iiiia-
|(illill|.'S"f>"l>l't'''
Wlicii Arnwood awoke next morning, he thought the
linn slione more cheerfully in at the cliaiiil>er window
llhiii it it'"' 'lone lor niontliH pnst ; tlint the woods
nred around with a calmer lienuty, and that lie liiinself
jfiijuvi'il a purer sense of ileliglit ihnn he had evi'r expe-
I riiiH'i'd since he Icil the lioiiie of his boyhood. Kven the
|ki mI'''<I placid and glorimis in its nioniing heuiity in
llii' (listaiue; and tlie stalwart anil niiliipie siKi|K' of the
ll'ilol's Mark shot up betwien his view ami tlie haisii
llinrs it' Hall Hill witii n pieturesipie eti'eel wiiieli he had
I niwr olwrved iH^tbre. llndignllied as it was compared
llie stutidy cnstle in which ho dwelt, it seemed to
I hiin III that moment to contain Ihe pure and simple spirit
Id'alli-arllily felicity.
Mis mind was now roused and Ktiiniilateil, us if hy
lioiiii' magical influence, nnd beciiiiic again occupied
I mill, plans and prospects for the future ; and having re-
liviii'il an invitation to dine with his moliier's venerated
Jlrund, Mr. Stone, the rector, he determined at once,
I mill a spirit and deciHioii fur which he couhl not then
licciuinl, to consult with liiui regarding a measure which
■ he already proposed iinincdiately undertaking. He did
IimI iiiiM't Mr. Wulthain on the shore, as lie wislied,
lililiouiih li:^ had looked for him all the niorniiig ; ami
lloward.s the afternoon, dressing himself with a. care now
iiHii.il lo liiiii, he set olf on horseback towards tin;
Icfciioal ri lircnunt of the elergyman, which Arnwooil
IliiV'danil ri's|H'Cled liecuusu it wau as ancient and gloomy
liinisiiivn old castle.
As he priHi'i lied thither, and wan already nearly three
luiili's rriini AriiHoiid, he perceived on the road Is'liirehim
llhr li|,niri' of .Mr. Iliilton eomiiig towards him, also o.
Iluisi'liaek — this being tlii^ tirst time he had seen him
i; liii'ir quarrel, 'I'here was siiinelliing of emliarrass-
linl in ills meeting alone on the road with a man,
iMmrii wiioiii and liiinsi If there had oeeiirreil so many
IfKiiiiislaiiies of rehictaiit iiiliiiiaey, proposed eoiinec-
llin, sidiMipieiit iiisnll, and angry iiiidiiii^lit strife; anil
lArnndiid was just relleitiiig, wiili a feiling of self-i'oii-
|lriii|it, iipiiii llii^ esen|io he iiad had Iriiiii ii conneetinii
|«illiainaii wlioiii lie had now learnt to look upon wilii
lwrri>r. 'I'lie cilijcel of liiii mcilitalions, however, drew
liur, and eyed him, aa Arnwood supposed, as if he
Imal In sjH'ak. He was correel, for win ii tiny met,
lllii' Njiiire liirned his liorse's head, and, raising liis lial,
litinil slill in apiKirent emlinrrnssmenl. All Arnwiuiirs
|»^l<iinilic pride and moral iniiigiiatien iiioiinied liilo
llii>ni's as lie observed this, nnd instead of evineing anv
lindiaalion to relurii in tlie most liislanl maimer llolliin's
laliili, 'ir lu iinlin to wlinl lie lueaiil (o say, he merely
Iptiil al liini uilli a look of conleinpliioiis aslonishment,
liiiiuiniiinif to soniething more llniii Ihe cut direcl of
Ifiiliuin, ami passed on.
AniHiBid would have ihouglit no more iiboiit Ibis in-
Ifiilnil, III! rely eoiisidering It one nf Ihe evidences ol'llir
|tiJi(iil(lei;railalioii of iiiinii, and hiarlhss llirwardiiess of
I bul men, had he nut nil t mi Ihe riiad, lis he priMiriled,
lnural ifeiilleiiiun on hursebaek, some of wiioiii In Imil
|Mni riy sicn at llollon's, im also carriages and other ve-
'iiinluiiiiiigeomiMiny, evideiilly proeeeding to New
Tlili caused liini to relleel upon several pasi oe.
iMiniieeH whieli it gave him little pleiisiire to recall, and
VI"! iiimn Ni vcral cireumslnm es in w hieli he could iiul
|l>l|>livlni); Ihul his own liirliiiie, as well as Unit of his
jinlrrenlinu' I'niiidsof liie I'ilot's .Mark, was at present too
l.uiile 1.1 lie all'ielid 1^ this worlhless man,
^Miiii Mr. Jliilliin arrived al lioiiie alter passing I.iird
IAiiiiiikhI iih llie riiud, he found lelli is from IsmiiIiiii ami
ll'Tiil iiuleii, whii h liail Ih'i'II received by lIlCBervnnls in
lliiMlpwiiee, llie pirusal of which Beemed to give him
Ijfn.nn iiiiiK rn, and lo chatigi' the lii lings Willi which
ll«''i|«Tlc'd lo bale eidehrated Ibis Ins birlli.day iiilu the
I'luiiiv "f ilisaiipoiiiimenl anil nnpri heiiKioii, A b'tler
|l'"iii lii.i hiw'iiyiiii 1,1 I, ondoii, giving him private inliiriii.
|ili"iicihieniisidirabb' |ii'cuiiiarv loss, scarcely woiindi d
I IK livliii,,, „, ,|,.,,|,|y ,|H ||„, eoiilenls of liie imtcs, wbii h
l">m|(lil tvtuwU, ill iho ghuiMi of culil ■puiiigiew, iVntii
several individuals and liimilics of res|icctability with
whom he had a slight acquaiiilance, and wlioiii lie had
invited to visit him, and partake of tiiu ciitcrtainmenl
priividcii lo eeiebralc Ibis day.
The loss of his inoiicy w as to liollon a heavy enough
blow, but the mean ambition of which lie partook with
others of his class, received a still more painful ciieck, liy
those whose acipiaintaiice he wan desirous of making de-
clining ills invitation in the decided manner which tiicir
reliisals inlimatcd. Added to this, the iiisulting contempt
with wbieli Arnwood had just trualed his atteinpted ad-
dress, wiieii he ineuiit to iian' tried tiie clU.et of an ajiology
Ilir his former conduct, slung liiin to the quick, and, as
he dwelt upon tlicin, made him almost furious from dcep-
Icll inortiKcalion.
" Itceky," he said to his sister, as she came whisking
past him liiroiigii liie parlour, in which hi: was walking
from side to side in solitary ngilalioii, liis feelings also
regarding Mr. VVaitiiam of the Mark iiii.\iiig v\illi and
luideriiig his relleclions almost iiitoleralile, — " llceky,
wliiliier art liioii liiirrying .' How is it lliat you arj so
eonslanlly busy that you are never to be spoken lo !"
" Vou know what I have to do this morning, Ifobert,"
she said ; " iiow can I have time lo talk when tiiere is the
whole iioiise lo look alter .' And such a dinner as iiiiist
be on tiie tabic hy si.\ — and here it is nearly four o'clock
already !"
" Curse the dinner I Haven't you servants ?"
" Itiil tiiere are twenty things iliat 1 must be r.ttcnding
to myself, and when siieli |H'ople are coming as you iiave
asked, one must take some pains to entertain them ; or
we .shan't have a decent acquaintance c.vccpt that ever-
lasting Hulsoii, and that eternal Johnston. You know
you went and picked a quarrel with the handsome lord
of the old castle Ih'Iow, at tile very lime when I thought
It was very bad of you, hrotlicr, and very uii-
forluiiale, and "
" Are j/oM going to reproach me too?"
"No, liobirl, but one can never get speech of you for
those men who are always with yon, I iiave not even
time to reproaeii you, if 1 were willing, lint now, as
there are ladies coming, I wish to be particular, and one
so seldoni sees a female liice ill the country thai "
" IJoiit harass yoursell' about the ladies, Itccky," said
Holtoii with a bitter e.vpressioii, "they are not eoining."
"Not lyiming 1 Koiiirt, not coming, do you say, alter
all r'e.velainieii .Miss llollon, letting Ilili her liiinehof keys
and her cookery liook witii asloiiisiicd disap|Hiiiiliiieiil.
"'I'lierc, convince yoiirselt'," said he, liirnsling Ihe open
apologies into her liuiid, and piicing the room rapidly.
"'I'lieonly people whom I eared about," said Ihe sister,
"and to send apologies on tlio very day — what can tiiis
mean, Uoberl !"
"I'll Icil you what it is, Hccky," suiil liie squire,
standing at llie op|Misilc end of the room, with his iiaek
against the wail, ills iiiinds as liir down into his lower
|Hiekels as lie could thrust tbeiii, and his tict protruding
on liie lloor eonsideraidy in advance of his body, "it is
rallnr a hard liiiiig liir me to say, <ni my own birlh-dav
land I am now six ami lliirty,) but I have a slioiig no.
linn Ihal I am a ennliiiiiided villain, and, wliat is worse,
that |ieople begin lo liiiil it out. "
"(iood Heavens, liobcil, wiiat language is tiiis?"
" It is time tiir me to say somi liiing of the kind niy-
si if, wiieii my guests begin lo call me so in great can-
■lour anil gisid liiiiiioiir at my own table."
"Who dares to talk so in this iioiise ?"— nalil Miss
Hieky : "and I toiling iiiysell'inoriiiiig and night lo see
aller the cooking liir tlieiii — and the wine that lliey ihink
would drown a iialion."
".Mr. Ilnlsiui I. lid me BO only Inst niglit," said the
si|uire; "good iiatiiredly including himself nnd Jolmstoii
— I'lilliiig us nil I spi'ii.ililc rogues, nnd plainly iiisiniiat-
iiig Ihal he liiongiit hiniself tlie Isst of Ihe liiree. Ihil
wliat was iniieli iiiirder lo lira,, aller I had made up my
iiiiiiii, prineipally on your aienmit, to apidogise to l,oril
Arnwood, and try lo bring him niiiiid again, he slareil
In my face Ibis atleriioon as I aildn xseil liiiii on the road,
and passed on as eiintcniptiiouHly, us 1 siioiibl do lo anv
one asking me liir an alms."
"Heavens! nnd is tlierii nn hi>|H> then/ — Anil Sir
.lames is not eiiniing, nor Lndy Kouke — nor any of the
liciilies— nor "
Al this moment the hiiiisi kce|H'r entered in h biislle,
with a Hiring of enipiirn s n Intiiig lu Ihe illiiiicr, and i
lerriipled tliiii intiTCDling eonversallon.
CIIM'TKUXV.
As the e\iiiing advanced, and tiie gatliering utorm
broke liirtli, iijilioti^h it wns iMit lltllu iH'yoml tlir niiddlc
if summer, such a darkness cnveloi«d the sky, as, to-
gether witii its yellow hue overhead, and its sliilting eon-
trasts round tiie iioriy.on, gave it KOineliiing unusually
iwliil. At bast so thought Mr. \\ allliam, who sat con-
leinplatiiig the scene from his high window, in one of
the turrets of the .Mark ; and every roll of tiie thunder,
eehoiiig away among the hills, and every Hash of light-
ning across his eyes, as it clove the dull welkin, increased
tiie agitation of his tiiougiils, and strung up his nerves
into horrid resolution. So deeply iiiipre.-^sed was his
iiiiiid witii tiic one eoiisidcratimi of tiic fulfilment of his
destiny, that lie Ihoiigiit the very heavens conspired tu
urge biiii on to it ; and as tiie sea began to roar tearfully
in tlie distnnee, uiidiT the dark clouds, in oliediencc tu
the swee]iiiig gusts of wind tiiat wliilcncd the lops of its
great roiling masses — and as the iightiiing broke clear
lieliind the black liiriii of Arnwood castle, the towers of
which siiot U|i gloomily Ihrougii liie drilling rain — ho
iinagiiiid that tiie very war of tlie clcnienls was meant
lo jioiiil out to him the crisis wiieii, as iiu said, all was to
be liiiliiied.
It was not, liowcvcr, until late at night, when the storm
iiad subsided, and only oeea.siunal Hashes of ligiitiiiii)r
giiiiiiiiered in the giooiii, and the Ibunder growled faintly
al a distance over the sen, that .Mr. Waitbaiu sullied fortii
lo seek the iiecoiiiplisiiiiicnt of his fate. -Mtiioiigh ho
considered that his |Kiverly was now coiieliisivc evidence,
the last piece of gold having lieeii eiianged, and the very
sea rcliisiiig to furnisii tioiii its womb any furllicr sub-
sistence until he should work out the decrees of heaven
— yet he said to himself, as, wrnpiK-d in liis cloak, he pro-
ceeded along the patiiwiiy towards New Hall —
" 1 will liavc a liiktn, as I iiave had hitherto, tliat I
may know of a surety whetlicr it is really this very night
tiiat I am tu do tlie deed. Uolton, my enemy, is now,
like Helsha/.zar of llabybm, feasting in his house and
drinking wine out of giilden goldets ; isriiaps callini;
ii|K]ii the gods to witness his voluptuousness, and swear-
ing in the face of iicaveu, by the great golden idol whuni
liie worbl has set up and worships, tiiat lie will never bo
moved, lint that his root siiail strike deep in the cnrtli,
and his branches shoot liirtii like Lebanon. And if his
iioiir be really arrived, and I lie ap|Hiiiiled to conic u|>on
liiiii lo.night in liie midst of bis glory, to execute ven-
geance upon iiiiii as Darius the iMeilc executed the pro-
phesied piir|Hise of Jeliovaii upon the llaiiylonish king —
thus will 1 know it — this sliali ,be tiie token — lie shall
come out and stand before me! Yea, if his hour Ih)
eoiiie, he will come out lo met I me, even tlioiigh the storm
siiouid unroof the eliiirelics,aiid aUhoiigii instable should
be Ihronged with guests wiio wail iipiiii liis presenee, liu
nil/ iiavc iiis house, iiis warm rooms and his rioloiiH
friends, and cncomiti r llie lieaviisl iilasi that ever blew
out of heaven, lo obey the unseen bidding of the shadowy
ministers of liite."
In Ihe ineaiitiine, Mr. llollon sat drinking witli his
guests, and the noise of tile storm raging wilhoiil was
drowned in the coane laiigiitcr and bind lalking within,
as the wine eireulatid ami sparkbd, and llaceiiaiialiau
exei'i niciit reigned in the inansion. lint be, at whoso
biilding hail arisen the scene of revelry, was wasting his
treasures, as it ollcii liappiiis, for tlie enjoynn lit of his
guests, and iiis own misery. M least, in spite of all his
ellorts, he was abslractc il, reslkss, and uiiiiap|iy ; swal-
Inweil hiimpcr aller hiiin|H'r in vain, endeavouring to
drown nnirtiliealion, and striving, by Ihe exeilement of
drinking, to bani.'-b Ihniight nnd injoy the conipnny of
such Ii ieiiils as liiiil condescended lo cuine, and tu cat
and ili'iiik what be hail priiviilrd.
'rheie was no ndiouniing In the drawing room, fur
there was no lady present but his sister, nnd an ohlriidcd
cup of cotfee, till reliirc, was the only interruption of tlio
debauch, lint as the night advanced the sipiire's mine-
eoimlnlile restbssiicss iMcniiie every nionient more inlole.
rable to liiinscll'i a strange impulse was ii|Hin him, us had
been Ihe ease liir several iiiglilM pnsl.t.iMek Ihe oiMii air J
and from at first rising up nnd cliniii;iiig his place, and
eomplaming of the heal of tlie riioin niiil mixing among
ins gill sis, be at it nglli lisik advantage of the coiifusiiiii
of an iirgiimeiil, nnd Ihe griiu|iiiig of tiie more /cabins or
till' more inebriated, to slip nut of the riHini ; nnd deseeml-
iiig the stairs and Hci/ing his lull In the hall, ho riishuU
out into the niglit.
He slooil fur a niiimcnl inhaling the fresh bri-eie as ho
leaned agiiinsl a pillar in the |Nirliii.. 'I'lie night was
stonily, mill yel il was now dry overhead ; for Ihe rainy
clouds had passed iitf to the westwanl, and the liaH'-liiiNili,
lonkiiig mil al intervals through the dim and drilling vn-
piiiirs, sboM'iil till' wliite tiiam of tlio illslani sea ciirlliiK
up In tile hiirrieiine uiiids — and it. nair came over lUd.
ton's guilty «ir like (he npalling lail sublime meiioco of
■ y « '.».,■ , t)j, ^-i ,' t'''>'i
■^'i' ■:■ r '■• :J'l^
'tev, :;■^d•
-v.« - ' ■ , ■ '' il
i\
'^'.
'(■ '
■ V
t ■ , ' '
■'1
m-
L
»'*
ii ■
i I
i
f
r,
m
332
WALTIIAM.
tlie Ktt'rnal Spirit ul'tlic uiiivcTM,'. Kvcii lliu tlmndc'r that
rullcd at intervals, and tlic liglitiiiiijr that exhibited the
dark t'oriii of the I'ilot's .Mark beloiv, and began to Hi'jker
in (|nic'k suuniier flashes towards the horizon, seemed to
Kniile him to the heart; and, us he walked uneonseiunnly
down the avenue, he looked round vs'ith a vague dread,
and thought in every bush he saw the vengeful ligure and
pale counteuanee of the accusing spirit ol' the Pilot's
Mark) who still haunted his path, ami whose way he yet
unaccountably felt himself ini|>el!ed to cross.
He had proceeded down the avenue until he came to a
little pass, separating his own grounds I'roi.i tiioso ol
Arnwood, and was about to turn an angle, his eyes lixed
ui>on the earth, when looking up he saw an unueeustomed
object. Was it any living thing .' for it moved not. Was
it a man ? He wa.s al'raid to ilraw near yet ashamed to
return ; and he resolved to pass it He gavi; a hasty
glance, not without terror, over Ilia shoulder at the ob-
ject, as he passed without seeming to notice it; and the
pale countenance of .Vlr. Waltliam.the features convulsed,
an it seemed by agitation, stared like a basilisk upon him.
Bolton was unable to move or to s|K'ak, and shook witli
terror a.s he stood watching the object, which he coidd
liordly think real. Waltham slowly dropt his cloak from
Ills shoulders on the grass, and taking two strides for-
ward stood directly betiire him.
" Who are you !" said Uolton, his voice quivering with
a 8U|)crstitious dread.
" 'I'hou knewBt nic once, when I was thy victim," said
Mr. Waltham in low deep accents, his ligure elevated by
the excitement of his feelings. " 1 will inake thee know
inc now ; for I am here as thy evil angel to tell thee that
thy hour is come."
" liod have luerey on mo, then !" said Bolton, as if uii-
ccrtain whether lie »|K)kc to a human being or to an evil
spirit, "for 1 am a sinful man."
" Ha! then thou tremblest at length," said Waltham,
amiling ghostly in the moon-light ; " and fearest to meet
the natural retoiniK'Use of guilt, and quuilest umler the
iicavy stroke of deserved fate — iniseralile coward !"
" 1 have wronged you, sir — I know I have wronged
you — but do not menace me thus. It is :iot yet loo late
to but why do you haunt me thus in darkness and
solitude ? why am 1 to meet you in the dead of the night,
and even now, when this tearful storm rocks tower and
tree, and scares into their holes every living thing — why
do you, an, old man stalk abroad, and seem to start up
out of the very earth before iiie, crossing my path like a
spirit /"
"True — lliou sou of .Vlammon — truel" said Waltham.
" liike I.ear, I wander forth in such a night as this,
baring my bald head to the raging lempist, lor iiiderd I uni
• a |MH)r, inlirin, weak, and despised old man ;" hut who
rendered iiie houseless ! who drovi' me forth to abide the
Ktorniy blast, and, what is «or.-e, Ihe coiiluniily "f a
world that I'ver shuns and eoiiteinns iH'scechiiig, hollow-
eyed necessity ? Was It ikiI thou .' lliou representative
of throat-cutting avarice; thou worthless iHrsonilicatioii
of modern wealth-worship; thou cowardly hanger on
uiHin bad men's praisi' ; that his bartered thy .wul li)r a
little of the world's gohl, and ruined me 1 II:. I thou led-
est now ! but, wretch, it is only liir thyself. Yet why,"
lie continued, in snleinii seorii, alV'r a pause — " what in-
duced thee to leave thy voluptuous maision and thy wine
to wander fiirtli to meet me here under the ilrjining
bronches I Did / seek thee .' Did / invite thee foilli,
where no eye sees us but the All-seeing Spirit lliat
seareheth the hearts of the ehihiieii of men .' Why, I say,
descrledst limn the house of riot at midiiiglit !"
" I know not — leannot answer you — I am distrac'ed."
" lln, lia !" and he laughed wildly in the I'ai'c ol the
trembliiig wretch, who now siip|>orte<l liiiiis«'lf agiiiiut a
tree. " / know — / know. I'ear walketh In ihirkncss
like the |M>slileiice ; and horror seekclli to hide itself in
the thick darkiwMs of midniglil ( aiul eonscienie strives
to drown the haimting cry lliat rings in her ears In the
mar of Ihe hacchanal, or evrii in the ruge of the storm —
IhiI in vain. Heaven has planted in thy K"i'ly IxiKuin a
pmtrnlimi'iit of thine own tiile."
" Mr. Waltham," said Bolton, rollecting himself,
" what seek you at this strange hour ' and yet, hen- I
nm. I do lint shun yon— I cannot sliuii you if I would.
Kven yd I am ready to "
•'Villain! where is my daughter?"
*'l know not; on mv soul I know not."
•' What have you clone with her I Where did vmi Ii'nvr
her when voiir g.iilly passion wits glutled / 'I'u whom
did you turn her over ' ( In « IihI dunghill did you leave
my KliiB to i>cri«h ' Oh liod ! Oh timl !"
'•■ lly liraveiis, sir ! Iliis wrong st least I liuve not done
you."
" What ! What say you .' Say that again."
" Your daughler is innocent for me."
" Did you not (hen seduce my child ? Is she not guilty ?
Shall 1 believe you .' or do you sport w ith a broken-hearted
man ! Swear !"
" liy the elern.'il heaven, that gazes on us both this
dreadl'ul moineiit, I injured her not."
"(jod is merciful to me still ! tiod be praised! I shall
now meet my fate with composure."
" What liite, sir ? 1 have heard you s|K'ak thus before.
How do you receive this suixriiatural intelligence?
What power dropped you down at iiiy very side, when I
lielieved that you dwelt in an island abroad, or were
drowned in tlie sea? What agency hath traccil me
throughout the continent of Europe, and discovered to
you iiiy residence in this seiiuestered s|>ot !"
"The same power," said Wullhain, "that shapes out
the fate of the whole world's feverish millions; the same
agency that hath woven the web of your destiny on earth,
wliicli is now spun to its last thread ; for briet', atler all,
is the space wherein guill is permitted to tlourish ; and
your hour — your faleil hour is come !" And the crazed
.speaker, though him.self trenibling at what he was about
to do, seized li<ilton by the throat.
" How nieuii you !" cried Uolton, struggling witli terror.
" What is that gleaming in your hand /"
"Sees't thou not? Hall!"
" A naked dagger I"
"And the instrument of thy fate. Come ! —
" It is easy done ; a stab and a groan, and then — life is
but a brittle tiling. 1 would not torture you, as you have
not deliUd my daughter."
"tlod in lieaveii, how your eyes glare! 1 am a guilty
iiiaii, but you! — Have I lived to see you turn a midnight
assassin — a murderer !"
" .Assassin — hah, wretch !"
"1 am an unarmed niuii, let go my throat. Have
mercy, and to-morrow — to-morow I will "
"'i'o-morrow thou will re|Hnt of to-night's repentance.
Do not mock my arm, it is the appointment of heaven."
" 'J'o-morrow I will give you back all 1 have, to the
uttermost farthing. 1 will, sir! 1 will — though I should
beg throug'i the world. Believe inc, I uiii wreiclud in
the |)ossession of this wealth ; and Ihougli I know the
misery, the widi' spread contumely that poverty brings —
to-morrow 1 will "
"To-morrow thou shall never see! Suppose I w-re so
weak as lo emisint to delay thy doom — some bolt would
shoot from hc'iiven to destroy tliee. I It II thee thy hour
is come, 'i'here now ! stand up, Iremlilc not at thy just
punishmeiit, but say nni^ prayer for mercy — tor betiire
this short ghani of moonlight throws us again into ob-
seurily, lliy soul shall be on its way lo its fmal act oinil.''
" \\ ill you not allow me either time to make restilnlioii,
or space to repent ? Ale you mail/ Nay, then, stand
oil'. 'I'here is my bosom. Strike ! Do ntit stand idly
luaiidisliing your weapon. Strike! 1 say — 1 deserve it;
stiike, and be a innrilerer !'
'* Nay, stand not so; good In.ivens!"*
" Are you afraid IIk n / your lips ipiiver! you look at
me more ill pity than ill wrath. I'niiappy tilil man !"
".My arm refuses ils ollict — I uiil siek — the gltaiii of
MiiMiiili<,'hl has passeii away 1 uiiil I cannot — I eaniiol — "
anil Wallliani,slai,gi ring iiackwanls, droppid the dagger,
and It II at full length upon Ihe );rass.
Ilollon involuntarily lillcd the dagger, anil ns he stood
over his proslrate aeeuser,wliose ugilalcil ex( ilenieiit liinl
lieeii more than naliire could bear, a tiendi.sh thouglil
erosseil his miiiil — for llii' man hi iiartd was now in bis
|Kiwer, and a slight llirnst of the dagger he held would
silence his threats liir ever, "(iotl forlml ! (iotl liirbiil !"
he exclaimed aloud as lie thriiHt the dagger into the earth,
and proi I'ciled lo raise his ineniy lo a silting |Hmlure.
.\s the iiiiMiii again shone forth lie perceived tlie ileailly
paleness of Ihe old man's lialiires, ilowii wliieli large
drops iif cold |h rspiriilioii rained. Uolton stcioiMtl ilown
and cliafdl his cold temples with water gatheietl from
the grass, anil assisleil him to his 11 it.
" I'hin, you are slill alive — uiiil 1 have not fiillillcd
my title I" he said with a stony ga«' nl Bolton.
" No, sir, you are not yet a niiirilerer — but lure — '"
and he lilled the dagger anil put it again into his hand.
Mr. Waltham lookeil sail anil dlsapiKiinled ai they
stiHid for a moment in silence.
" You are a curse to me | as I have Isen lo you, old
man," muttered Ilollon liitterly ; then lurning roiinil, he
walked away, hardly in a statu of emiscioUHliesH, to Ills
own iiiansiun.
CHAPTER XVI.
In llic meanwhile Lord Arnwood met at the talJcofl
.Air. Stoue the rector, where he dined, several gemliiiKr.
in conversuliun with whom and his excellent host | !
spent the night agreeably lo his own notions of raiiinj
enjoy iiieiit. 'i'here was present an old retired olHcir j 1
Colonel Joyce, with whom Arnwood entered iiitotlijil
upon military matters and the iirosiieets of young nm, I
in the army. In the course of the evening liis ,„„^^
leeined with plans and projects for the future which had
tor some linio occupied him; and to which he «i,
now strongly stimulated by involuntarily recur, ini' ig
Uic image of one ut present in dei>ression like liiujsd,'
and lingering over her youthful days in the Piloi ',
Mark.
Neither the quiet conversation of the company, h™-.
ever, nor their cheerful yet temperate enjoyment of llu I
wine, prevented theiii from observing the progress of iIk I
storm, and contcm|ilating ils grandeur, as they sat over. I
looking a romantic park, under the thick copses of uhidi I
where it joined the remains of an ancient forest, thiy oL I
served the caltlu cowering fearfully as they snuffed np I
the rising gale. The sublimity of the sight called I'orili I
the |iicty of the clergymen, and the serious acquiescence I
of the other gentlemen; and discussions on the intcrcti. [
ing phenomena of " vapours, and clouds, and elornii,"
illustrated by many an anecdote of sudden dcstruclion I
luid many a comparison drawn from foreign lands, wlih |
the knowledge of which travelling had furnislied sevcril I
of Mr. Stone's guc.is, whilcdaway tlie evening nii)cluo|
the gratification of all present.
\Vhen the the hour of departure came, the storm «u ■
still so loud, that their reverend host pressed every i.neio I
slay for the night, particularly Arnwood, who had hdi |
away his scrvoi^t early by another road, with a nicssi|;t I
lo the market town : and as his home lay above mm I
miles oir, this invitation was backed by Culnncl Jojct,l
who meant to take longer advantage of the good clei|;y. I
man's hospitality. But Arnwood would by no njcanil
eonsent lo renipin,and the more he was pressed, the more I
ilelermincd he became; for an unaccountable oniiiivl
came over him lo be near the innniliM of the Pilot's Mark |
IS early as possible ; and a kind of presenliineiit haunhd
liini, that, as he had not seen Mr. WaUhani in the nioin.!
ing, nor, in consequence, was able lo do what A^alliil
iijoined, suincthing might have occurred betueeii li
and Air. Bolton. But agreeable society williin, aiidlhcl
raging of the Hlnrin without, induced him to reiiininutliul
kind host's table considerably later than he intcnileiJ, audi
it was past midnight before lie set out to ride liunie a iii«.|
lance of seven miles.
'i'he moon waded dimly through the thick tlaiiiiliil
clouds as he rude homewards, along a road uliieh hiiI
but little frequented; while the wind blew so ru'reeljiliill
he was sometimes scarcely able to keep his siiit uimnl
the saddle. He did not miu't, nor did lit^ expiet lo xif
any one at this hour, but when he had proceeded len.
siilerably onwarils, as llie road turned oil to his k;) U
was somewhat sturlh'd In observe (bur men uulkiiii; li>.
gi'lhcr in a field, Alter he had (sisscd Ihcni, curioMiil
iniiuciil him to turn round once or twice lo walih tlieiil
movements, and he observed them to leap the In d|re, iiiid,!
iTossing the road, they darted down a by-path anioiii;|
I'le meatlows.
ArnwiHiil could makn notliing of tliis, altlioa{;h I
appear.iiiee of so iininy men on so hmely a roudgllirl
miihiighl struck him as somewhat suspicious; Iml.lliiiik.l
Ing no more of the mattiT, he again put spurs In liil
liorse,nnd hi t olf at a brisk trot. He had got within l«ol
miles of the castle, when, just as he enicrgrd I'rnni )l
plantation through which Ihe road passed, a Hash nfliciii J
niiig, nnusually vivid, darted Ihrongh Ihe trees Mil
him. 'I'lie liorsr started luick with iVight, inisi'iiliiil,' ><f
ritler with the sndilen ninlion, and the animal atli inptinri
lo recover himself, phmgctl ami fell. Iiiirsting Ills tiililM|
girth, and bruising AriiwiNxI's leg in Ihe full.
Kccovering hiiiiself quickly, and his liursc apiinonitl
legs, he limiiil lliat it was in vain to remount, lor, Ifii*
the sndillc girth Ising useless, the animal lind rinimli
sprain, or other injury, so thai it walked haltiiiti)': "4
be had Iherctbre no other alteriutive but to proceid llij
reiiniiiiiler of thi^ mad on tlsil — and, what wtswoiWili
lead his unluckv eoin|ianion by the briille the wli"k' »i.n
lo the caslle. '['his inmie of journeying he, after sniiiff
trial, liiunil exceedingly falifimnK "'"' disngrtynlili ; ii
as he ilrew neiir lo n small public house on hi" ri)|hl.l
iH'gaii to wish heartily thai it were |MW»iliki to (((I M
liorsi' slalilid soiiiewhcrc for Ihe iiiglil. L
Without at all ex|M'Clmg such a forliinalenredninWiJ
lion at this hour in tlio morning, lia looked tii>iou«l}t«l
jards the house as in
lial, alllioii?'' '('" •'<»i
I ||irnu?li » I'ole in the
inil,Soi'i!,"'l' '""""'
1 for adinillancc.
(le heard a wliispc
I p|i|c Tcr-' consiillii
I iKi'lh, '1 fi'ini'o yo'icc
I (iiKctcd ndiuiltanco ai
I Arnwood, h itiioul g
J had liap|"'iicd lo him,
I Ills liorsc for the night
I liie Wis were at lengt
I civir<c looking female,
I nun— •' soiled cap hall
I pylon jrown and other
1^,15(0 ffive her the ni
jola vtoaian whom the
I her head by the half-op
Imlini; candle, which
l.trnivood's lace, serulii
I Hick ryes, without 8|if
I » Vniir honour don't
lllieivoinan ut length, w
I lifn e.\|s'Cted from hei
I Lord .\rinvood confii
Ihoonly «..alcd his lion
■ ■rciv laoMieiits aller hi
Iner lioNK'ivards.
" V'nur honour is b
|wliili*li'"' said the won
" .Nothing of coiiseqi
|irxxl;"aiid if I rested
lliirra lillle brandy ami
I " It's |ia»f one in the
liiin' slraiigcr-folk in til
Ipliinc o' tliein. I wnrr
libit ; but the horse mo
III ein eel through the do
>.'w.,nni8tir tl
•fged loo
lixed u|
otehiiig
liiiu, MU taking the br
Idirccliniis of his sluUisI
linirnl by the hcaii tow
mhv u)V did tlii.4 so re|i
lind siicli a look under
ItlKliinl, threw him a pi
Iftvieled with 11 grin of
IsmI llillim'cd him, hi
|lm!i'il liir the night.
".\'oiv, j'niir honour,
ll)iti.>limr into I lie housi
In, ami I sh.ill rub him
lllif Jime ns your hinioii
Ihrifiiir w.inls ony Ihini
»imIiIi' nl this hour, be
I "\hi«t know what !"
|loiiml liliascif known b
"Aw nothing, your I
Ihlliere's strange men
Inknii', you know ; an
|ldii' iiMuily or sicli 111
ilmr," ndded the lad
|«ill|uM I'Mivc the horse
111 ihi' miiriiing ; an' I
ll*-.."
Siliaif this, the ynull
■•■il I'l nlleiid lo the horr
|W" III!' |iliiee where li
|lul<'ilen,
1'ne woiiian rose, as I
l''iiinnr|y eoniiT, and liai
lr«'ii I'lr plncing him
Imn "n n lourney had ci
l">'in, «o llint she had n-
|M,I lie Minre eoinforl
|i».illrr, ns it was so la
hnM |dense to drink at
||ijrr», us she siiiil, |„ f,.,
AniwisHJ ncei'pteil a I
l»ilh«liindinir Hie cnulioi
IJ""'H'i' ol Ins h'isure,
I'n'w Die nieniiing of w
l'"«>nn,iiii ivho they ei
|'"'ii"ii nsoiiable'lioii
|"'va|i|KMMn.e ofipnir
r"""|i|'ri"Hrd nhiiosl
»' "ailed until tlie p
WALTIIAM.
333
lie company, liw.
enjoyment III' the
.liu progress ol'lin
, as tlicy Rat over.
Ik copses of tt hill], L
3nt forest, tiny oU I
i lliey snuffed up I
sight called t'uttli I
rious acquii'bccnce I
ns on lliu inlctisi.
)uda, and storms," ,
jdden destruclioii, 1
foreign lands, with I
I furnislied several I
e evening mi|cli to I
inc, tlip Ktorni »u I
ressed every unc lo I
ood, wlio had scdi [
id, with a mcss3|;t I
ic lay above mn I
by Colonel Joyce,!
of the good ckrijy. |
juld by no nieanil
iH pressed, the mere I
Lconntable oniielyl
of the Pilot's Mnrii I
rsentinieiit liaunUdl
Itliain in tlie inorn-l
) du what A^alliil
iirred between liiiil
I'ty Kitliin, and the I
im to remain ulliisl
in he intended, aiiiil
to ridehunii' auii'l
■irils the bouse ns liu passed, and to his joy |)erccivcd
, , jHlioiigh the door was shut, a light was gloaming
il roujii a ''"'" '" "'^' "I'utt'^'" of" o"0 of the side windows ;
ind SoiXr "I' ^ ""^ '^'""^f ''^ witliout hesitation knocked
for idiniltancc.
lie heard a whispering of voices within, as if the
I rfoiilc '•*'"''■ consulting whether to answer, and, nt
1 Clh '■> female voice enquired who the person was that
eliiected adniittoiico at that hour.
\rmvood, without giving liis name, briefly told what
I y |i,p|KMie(t to biin, and begged accoinniodation for
liisliorsc for the night. After some further whispering
J ye bolls nerc at length withdrawn, and a iniddle-ageil
I civirse loiiking female, with black heavy eyebrows, like a
I mm— .1 soiled cap half ofT her uncombed head, and her
I eolton ?o\vii and other parts of her dress hung U|ion her
I Has lo ffive her the masculine yet drahbisli ^'p|>earance
I ol i woman whom the Irish would call a street — put out
I her held hy the balf-ojiened door, and thrusting the dirty
linlir" candle, which she held aside from the wind, into
I Vnwood's face, scrutinised his features with her large
I black eyes, without sjiraking.
« Yoar honour don't want a lodging here, I wot," said
I (he woman at length, with more suavity than could have
I Utii exjiected from her appearance.
I/)r(l Arnwood confirincd her surmise, and again said
I hf only «'•"''''' ''■'' li^fc taken care of, and leave to rest
lit'ew moments after his fall, betbrc continuing his joiir-
I ney hoiiicn-ards.
» Ymir honour is bruised, I warrant me — ye look
Iwliilisli'"' said the woman.
' Nolhin;r of consequence, good woman," said Ani-
|ii)od;"an(l if I rested a moment, and you would let me
Ijuvca little brandy and water, I should be soon well."
" It's past one in the morning ; but to lie sure there is
lorn' straujcr-lolk in the bacli room, and they 'II not go,
plijiic o' them. I warrant ino I mon list your honour in
libii; but the horse mon just go in beside the dmikey, if
III cm C'l through the door-way, for Thomas is long ii-bed,
< ' w^nna stir tho stable the night, i know. Mere,
■fged looking, bush-headed fellow with a
III!. .lined up with his clownish simplicity,
fl (itching behind the door, here came for-
iiuii, aii.i taking the bridle of .Vrnvvooil's horse by the
liircctinns ot his sluttish mistress, procneded to pull the
luiii'nl by tho head towards tho rear of tho house. Hut
|Ht uif ilid thin so nduclanlly, and east towards Arn-
Tindmich a look under his brows, Ih:.: the latter, taking
IIk liiiil, llirevv him a piece of money, which the youth
pviPled with a grin of salisl'ietion; and soon, as An;-
wwl liillowed him, ho saw the horse tolerably we'll
hraifd for the night.
"Now, yniir honour," said Sammy, an he ojicned a
bic'viliKir into llie house ; " just get in a bit, ant please
yr.aml I shall rub him down nnei manage liim just all
lilif "line ns your honour stood by; and if your lordship's
krniir w.ints ony thing drinkable, just be :is quick as
piKilile al this hiinr, beeaiise you mon know ''
Mii«t know what !" said Arnwood, sharply, surprised
Iniiiiil himself known by the young ehivvii.
".\w nothing, your lordship, but don't speak so Imiil,
|(<T there's strange men within, an' they might lie qiiar-
nl<ome, ynii know; «n' so Mrs. Crow will give you a
lilii' lir.inily or sieh like, but don't go in furth.' than
lliir iliinr," added the lail, whis|M'ring, " iiiiil your lordship
<ill{iiM I'ave the horse to me, an' ye can send I'or him
|M ihr morning; an' take my advice, don't slay long
hen."
''irlnit this, the youth shut the door, as ho ngnin went
nl 1 1 iilti'iid lo the horse, and Arnwwid slipped forward
linln lie' |daee where lie saw the light, wliieli was the
lltrilen.
Tne woman rosi', us he eiili'red, from her seat in tin
k'lmmi'y ronii r, anil hniidiiig him the gri'iit ehiiir, a|Hi|i>-
pW liir pliieing him there; but intimaleil that somi
nn nil n {niirney had established lliemselves in the inner
IWim.mthat she had no where else to put him whire In
tmild be more emnfiirtabh'. Ihit she hii|)eil it was no
|<i>ller, ns it was so Inle, and asked what his honour
•"iiM |ili'nse til drink after his fall, olVering various mix-
I'lri'i, us shr said, to revive him.
.\rii\vo(H| aeeepted n little spirits and water, and not.
•ithMiiiidiiii; llie caution of Saiiimy, he sat sipping tin
|»<iriii;i' lit Ins h'isnre, from nn iiiereasiiig eurlosily to
know tlie meaning of what seomeil lo Ui going on, anil
tii«>fert.iiii who they eoiild Isi who kept the lioiiso o|m'II,
jlllii'iinseasimahle hour, — for so far iVoin there iNiiiig
"«y ii|ilie;iranre iil'qiiarrehng, the voices ho heard within
w "ii|i|iri'ss( il ainiosi lo a whisper.
II' "iitrd until the iK'rHoiifl within called fur attend-
ance, and when the door was opened, observed several
comnion-Iooking men; although from the glimpse he oh.
tuined he thought one or twoof tlicm had un appearuncc
of blaek-leg, or ruflian gentility.
" Who the devil is that?" he heard one of them say to
the woman, thrusting out his head to look ; and after she
had shut the door, tlie whole seamed to examine her as
to wlio it was that had just arrived.
Soon after, Sanmiy came slipping in, and seeniing
surprised to see Arnwood still in the liouse, he made an
errand into the room where the men wi^re, and having
continued a short lime talliing in a lialf whisper, returned
and said something to the woman. Arnwood |ilaiiily
pereeive'd by their looks that the woinaii and boy wanted
to get rid of him, and yet did not know how to urge it
with decency, while they allowed the men inside still to
remain; and it immediately struck him that these might
be the same persons who had attracted his notice on the
road — that they had some strange or miilty design — and
that although desirous of inoving, they were afraid of
attracting liis observation, as thi-y passed through the
kitchen where he s.at. As soon as he had formed this
conclusion, although he still I'ound himself still' from the
fall, he started up, .ind paying Ihe woman both in money
and thanks for her civility, left tho house.
\ conviction, however, that there was some mystery
in this atl'uir, induced him to watch I'or a few iniinites;
when he saw four men issue out hy the back door anil
descend into a sort of hollow which lay at its rear. He
stepped through an open gate into the meadow, and while
watching the retreating figures began lo consider whether
it would be worth his while to follow, when he (lerceived
the boy Sammy conic cautiously out from the s-ijie dexir.
Alter proceeding to the front as if to ascertain whether
.Vrnwood was yet gone, the lad returned to the rear of
the house, and darting down towards the hollow in the
track of the men, was soon out of sight among the trees
that straggled in the dell.
Arnwood now determined lo follow out this night ad.
venture, but hy the time ho had reached the biushwood
where he had seen the boy enter, he lost all trace of his
track, and having little light to guide him, wandered on
in uncertainty among the bushes, lie was so well ue-
quaintcd with the country, however, that he deterniined
to pi^rseverc; lor he knew that the little stream near
which he found himself, was the same that, after passing
Ihroiigh some precipitous hollows considerably in the
rear of ,Mr. liolton's house, lost itself in the sea iM'yoiid
Hail Hill and the .Mark, and that the strangers' designs
pointed in all prohahility to that quarter.
He walked on a considerable way by the edge of the
lreani,soiiietiines imi;^iiiing that he heard voices before
him; iiiilll, obstructed by some rock and hushes, he
ascended the height which shut ill the glen — anil again
leseeniliiig, perceived on a sndilen in nn open spot by
Ihe edge of llie stream, five persons talking together, and
all np|iareiitly employed ii|hiii some inuliial nnilertakiiig.
Arnwood, drawing eaiilioiisly near, placcil himself be-
hind a tree, and, llioiigh p rlietly iiiiariiied, resolved to
obtain some eliie to tlu ir purpose,
" How do your llinis give out, lads?" said a tall man
to the others, who seemed to Is; trying some short pistnl.j,
" I'or if it Ihi as this sou of an imp says, wi- may have to
depend more upon the barkers than I should like this
morning."
" .Mine will do handsomely," said a Blim figure, in a
froek coat, and sealskin cap, pntliiig hiiiisi If in a |Hisiliiin,
and snapping his pistol; but to Arnwoiid he seeined more
like a broken down dandy, or eoekney shopiiiau, than a
man lieiil upon a roblsry or dllier atroeily, wliieli he
began lo sinipeel was the purpose of this niidiiight eabni.
" I think wi' had better eonsider well beliire we go
I'lrther in the business," slid n third, " if it he true what
this bumpkin lad says; I never likes to set the bull-dogs
iigail, even thiiugli we may have got hold of the stiifl' —
they makes too iniieh noise, diss them there; and I've
known a good eliap obliged to trust pure money in a
dileli, from the ti Utah' popping o' Ihem lead-cniehers,"
" Are you sure it was this very night that the squire
had company, yini ilivil's baby /" said the \\\\ man, ad-
dressing S'lnniy, who was hy this time busy sharpening
some instrnnicnt upon a stone near the brook. " If you
don't give up the very kernel o' the truth, I will pull
every long tooth out o' Unit grinning iiionlli o' thine.
Dost hear, searainoiieh '"
" I seed them a going with my ryri), nnd I need some
o' them a-eoiniiig tiMi.ilidn'l I, sir I and DnmoCrow said
that was mortal odd, for there was sneli n storm and
thunder and "
" 'I'lii u there luitht bill li'W reinalii, al1i r all," «aiil
another u( lliu men, " and wu can't bo arguing nbout it
now, when we've come so t'ar ; besides, they'll have gone
lo bed every soul as dniiik as owls, for the squire is a
rare fellow lor stirring up the saw-dust, and sucking tho
long cork. I heard his liiiiie all the way at CUrkenwcll."
' Ay,' lid the former man, gleefully, " he's got tho
butler's trot; I know that, Jubers! there's lots o' prime
stiilV going i' the Hall — it'll be hard but we get a drop
o't."
" So we shall, if we behave like men," riMoined the tall
fellow, " but you, Sammy, can't you tell who is likely to
be met with in this Bolton's house, for I should wish to
know what sort of coves we are like to encounter in
the dark, before we eomiiiit ourselves inside."
" .Vre you afraid then, master .'" said the youth, with
a mocking leer shooring uniler his sipiarc brows.
' Afraid, you whelp! If thou darest to mention that
word lo me again, I'll maki^ thy ugly jaws rattle like a
(lice bo.x. Answer my epieslion this instant, gallows-
bird !"
"There's none that I knows of residing with tho
squire," said Simmy, sulkily, "none but two; an' ono
on uni is a tidy little jontleiiiaii wi' a nose like a straw-
berry, an' t'other is a hard-faced man in black, what
used to 1m' the tutor lo the young lord o' the black castlu
down by the sea. He'll be the worst, I'm thinking."
'' If that is nil, we slia'nt have much diftieully, «aid
the other, " besides, as Kobiii says, they'll have been all
drunk before they went to sleep."
" Aw, ay, if they've gone lo bed yet," said Sammy,
but may-be not, or niay-bc they're playing cards., or
sunimat,'
'' .May lie, thou art a cross-grained cur," soul llie
second man who spoke, " we were fools to come hero
by thy report ; I shouldn't wonder if this would end in
a hanging business by thy unlucky means."
" I woniia wonder myself," said the youth, grinning
with apparent satisfaction al the thought.
" Tlioii'rt truly a son of Satan,"' said the tall man ;
" but hark'ee, sirrah, you have not told us who that man
was in Dame Crow's kitehen. That was rather odd."
" How should I know ?'" said Sammy, doggedly.
" Now, by the loop of a linltcr, Sainniy, if I find you
shying in the least matter," rejoined the lender, " I'll
lave yon tucked up by the ears, and swung before Dnnio
Crow's alehouse, like a hanging sign, ere daylight tliin
morning."
" I'se thinking," said Sammy, " it was no other but
the young lord that lives in Arnwood Castle, nnd keeps
poking nbout the si'a-shore by himself, like a hermit,
lint you inu'il'iia ii ind he — nobody thinks o' uin in this
part, he's so poor.''
" I don't altogether like that neither," ngain snid tho
tall man, who seemed to be the leader of this covey ;
" but all I can say is, if there's powder to be hnrnt, or
an odd eut to Is- given for our own defence, we imisn't
hang bieli, and caution must be used partieiilnrly in the
drawing olV; but at any rate there's no lime lo lie lost,
Isiyf, lor il will soon be day-break, nnd we may hnvo
some delay as well as some play for our money, lieforo
we clear the squire's grounds — so quick, and let's trudge."
" I ildii'l niiieli like this hiisiiiess," saiil a man who
seemed oliler than the others, and sal on tJie cut sluiim
of a tree, as if ruminating within himself, while the rest
were talking. " It "s bad enough to bore one's way inin
a gentleman's house when good people arc asleep, and
the booty is soinewliat dear even at the Isst — but lo talk
of liiirning powder, mid shiioling and slabbing in the
middle of the night, if the gentlelidks turn restive anil
resist lis, which is very lihilv — I don't like that. For
myself, I'd inmli rather wateii oiilside."
" 111 tell yon what, Mr. Ilriiiiton," said the tall man,
slipping up to the Inst speaker, " I'll have none of your
ili^iiialising to spoil my brave tillows, when we are iiist
a-going to charge. If i/nii are hen. hearted you might
have the sense to keep it lo yourself, t'or I am delirniined
we shall not have nil this tramp for mithitiL', if lliero
ulimihl he a broki'ii skull or two-^or if even some worth-
less devil, like yoiirselt', should he despateheil to tho
shades. I lidd yini hetiiie ihiit il 's no use liir gcnllemen
who have taken to the manly Iriiih of lair rolihery, and
gone to war with the world, ns llje lawyers sny, ft el
'iimin, lo stick at trilles in the course of their calfing. I
tell you, we iiiiisl nil live by our profession (as long nil
we can), and take care of ourselves lilie other liilks. Isn't
that iilillosiiphy, Itohin !" luriiiiig to (he next man.
"And good sense too," said a gi nth manly InokinK
riiHiaii, ill a drab great coal. " I don't see why wo
slionldii'l have n pluck nt this rnscally worbl by strniglit
I'orwinil langilile lebhery, ns well ns greater people who
oo a little more rniiiid alKiiit ; nnd if iiiiy Isidy pels n
knock on the liend in the sciiiHe, merely nn a hint lo
,,.>, iV ^.l»'«.;;ivc'*'Hf'
i''1 I
.;U'
1*1-
■■:i
3U
M'ALTIIAM.
^f
'i t '
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A t .
ll-ni.
<'■
t'i'^
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keep tlicir toiigiK's within llieir tctlli, wliy tlml can't be
li«l|K.>d wiicn Hclf.prcstTVatiou is in tlio case — it'a only
tlio innoociit sufl'crinjf for tlic guilty, and that lian lircn
the way of the world ever since Adam delved, and Eve
span."
" But this nolton has a lot of men servants no doubt,"
said the man who sat on the stump j " and if they (jet
roused, together with tlie gentlemen, they'll show figlit,
ond lives will be lost, that's certain."
" I'isli !" replied tlic leader, " these rascals are too high
fed and comfortable to Kwk any sort of trouble or danger
straight in the face. If there was half a dozen of them in
a corner, they'd squeeze the very life out of each other
with sheer fright and cowar<liee. No, nn."
" Now, what's the use of all this squeamislmcss?" said
the IcUow with the great-coat ! coining forward, and
showing his face blackened — " why this piece of work
about easing the squire of a share of liis cash, which he
rubbed others of himself, as I can tell you '"
" Is that the ciusc .'" said Brunlon, looking up from
where he sat.
" It is, in faith ; didn't Tom Ilorsley, that scamping
attorney's clerk, tell me of his tricks, and how he cheated
n gentleman in Holland by niians of the law, and brought
Ills vii'iim to Ix'ggary, besides ii hundred oilier jobs a
hundri'd times worse than ours."
" Nay, then ; let me see — " said the man called Drun
ton, Jumping up from the stump and buttoning his coat
" there arc U)ur of us ; lx;sides that ^'oung Sannny, who
is after all worth half a dozen men in a play like this, if
it were only for his sheer wickedness. It is not the dan-
ger tli.it I care for in the least, provided there is no throat
cutting, so, boys, are you re.aily — ?"
"(iivc yourself a touch of the ebony, Drimton," said
tho leader; "it will at least help us to fiighlcn the
servant wenches; and there 's Sammy has got his face
like Othello already — ha, ha I — if the devil himself were
only half as ugly as that imp, he wouldn't be such a fa-
vourite with the world, I guess."
" Come, gentlemen," said he of the great-eoat — " let's
tramp; we "11 have a glorious adventure of it, if you stand
firm and go regularly to the sack, for, trust iiic, the plate
is worth a siege, nnd if there 's a drop o' gotxl liijuor liills
in our way we 'II not put it into our eye, I warrant."
"Come then, boys 1'' said the leader; " and, Sammy,
you go forward. Ynii know your po.'il, you Jiangiiiim's
provider, and you know your recompense either way :
eh!" he added ealehing the boy suspiciously by the
neck; "a goiKl handful of hard blunt, and a kick lor
love — or hark'ee 1 if thou playest us tal.^c — I'll niurdi r
thee with my own hands, if I should rise from the gal-
lows foot to do it, an' tliu crows shall pick the eyes out
uf thy ugly head."
" Only let me go," said the hoy grinning, his while
eyes showing vividly Ibrougli his blaekeiicd lijee by the
sudden gleam of the moon — "Ity jabeis, I havru'l bad
a bit of a iiiijht jidi sliier, \\r roblinl old inolber Shudi's
house, on llladwell I'mnmou. So, captain, never fear
ine, I likes the work — by ialsTS, I likes the work !" he
re(K>Hled, rubliing his lianils, " so here I go."
" 'I'liou art a preeious babe, eerlaiidv," said the leader,
ns he walihed S'luiny spring forward up the side of Ihc
hollow. "Come, hoys, we 'II be^ in sight of the housi^ in
fivi' niimiles."'
On this, the whole party sit forward towards the brow
of till! hollow, their tails blackened and some eairying
pistols — while Arnn'ood still reinained in his eoneeal-
nieiil, iineeilain linw to uel in eireiiinslanies so iliUleull,
ojid so nioiiientou,s.
CII.M'TKII XVII.
The niixii'ty of the voung lord, it may be siipiHiHed,
was not caused by any deep syinpalliy with the intended
vietim. Oil the eonlraiy he aelid, or wished to ail, en.
lirely upon public eoiwlilernlions, and from a wish to
preveiil, if it lay ill his power, so aiKlneinus a liuri;lary
from taking place in bis own iinmediale m iglihoiirhonil.
Yel, what could he do? — for there was now only one
lli:iii"ervaiit at ArnwiHiil, and if he lost lime in walking
lliere III arouse him, it would be loo lale to go In llii I'i-
lot's Mirk, where mueli more i Ubienl iissi>lani'e eoiilil
Im' obtained Ihiin at his o« n easlle. 'Miis eonsiileralion,
tn;;illier with an aiiximiswish to know what iiiighl have
weuri'id to Mr. Wallhnm or his diingliler in hisabsi nee,
deteriiiined him to push fimvard into bis own gronnilson
the side mar In Mr. Ilollon's hoii-^e, and, i rossing Ihe
park, to proeied ilireel to Ihe I'ilol's Mark ; In Hliieli il
wan mil iiii|<riib.ible llial some nf Ihe servants fioiii New
Hall iinu'lil My to i'.im' the alarm.
'i'lie storm was nuw entirely over, .mil he wuRulruuily
at the bo.mdaries of his own demesne, and within a few
hundred yards of the Mark, when, on crossing a corner
of the sward he iinairined that he heard a voice among
the trees close beside him. He stop|ied a nionicnt, lest
any of the reckless tribe he had luen watching might
have come so far down, when he heard some one from
behind the hushes say, —
" Hush — sli — I'll swear it was a foot, did yo no
hear ?"
" No, not I," said another voice gruffly, " it's nothing
but the rain shaken otV the leaves by the storm, that's
wet me to the skin, (iivc me another bit nf cheese."
"Maii,yee'rc a hungry eralure. Will Wntberslieet !"
said the Seoleli voice of .^lurdoeh .Macara, "ye've eaten
a' my cheese an' bread too, an' no left inc a bite. Ueevil
a thing ye're guile for this twa days but eating. Ye
liavena even lugs i' your head like 'itlicr fiilk, an' can
hear nothing. I tell you I heard a foot as sure as ever i
heard Mary IfeynoMs's squeaking wean, greeting at my
lug in the iiigiit time so that I eouldna get a wink o'
sleep fbr't, the brat. Whisht, Will, wi' your crunching.''
Arnwood was glad to hear Uic Scotch accents ot' the
very man he wished to nee, and step|icd round to the
other side of the hushes.
"There, do you hear feet noo, ye timber-bend?" said
.Murdoch to his eoinpanion as Arnwood approached:
"diimabe fiighteiied, ni.in : Lord, will ye never be done
wi' that cheese, standing there choking!"
"Who's there ?'' said Arnwood aloud.
" It's me, sir," replied .Murdoch, briskly coming forth,
wiping his lips, "t'orbye inuekli- Will Wathcrsheet ye
.see. There he stands wi' his mouth fit'. "
" What are you doing here, .Macara '"' said .\rnwoo<l.
" Weel it's no [m.^isible," exclaimed the Scotchinan,
taking olf bis hat, "that it's your lordship, walking the
liiulds at Ibis time o' the morning when the vera birds
are sleeping on the wet branches. This is a strange
night."
" !^o it seems, Murdoch, and what brings you here
so l.ile "•
" .Me, my lord ? Faith I dinna ken. It's just as daft
like for me an' Will Wathcrsheet to lie playing the
gliaist through the park, as it is for your lordship. Oil,
I iM'lieve, the |Hople's liewilcbed in this whole place, for
iK'sides we're a' up at the Mark as if it were twal in the
day, I swear I saw black heads and heard voices and
iioisi s also alMiiit the sipiire's mansion nlionn. I would
think lillle about that, for I ken there's naething but
li'asling an' drinking going on at the ha' night an' morn,
hill the noise was onlside, and a' was dark within ; an'
iioo III re's your lordship jonkiiig among the bushes at
three in the iiinniiiii:. I U'lieve the deevil hiinsel's
abroad this night."
' Hut you lia\e not told me what keeps i/"" up, nnd
brini;s vou here, .Murdoch. Is any thing wrong at Ihe
.Mark "'
" Voiir lordship 'II hae seen my maister, nae doubt,"
s.iid Murdoeb, " od, I'm gl.iil I've mi I you."
" No, I have not. \S hat of him '"
" An' haviye really no seen .Mr. Wallhain, my lord?"
aid .Murdoeb aghast.
" Indii d I have not ; but what is the matter, is he not
it home '"
" lie gaed out, my lord, alsuit the dead n' the night
when the storm was near the wor>l, an' has never been
heard o' since. Oh I .Miss Agatha will be in sneh ilis.
Iress, lor we surely Iio|)ed that he might be with your
lnriMjl{i, an' I darena gang back to the Mark without
him "
' 111 avensi and have you sought all round for him ?"
sail! Ainwood, alarmed.
' I'p an' down, my lord, back nn' fore, along the elilVs
an' up to your niii castle, an' back by New Ha' aboon,
nil He'rr WI t into the skin wi' llie rain olf the trees, an"
till the hunger enine nn Will Walbersheil in the hanii -
eoniini.', an' there has he Isin ahint the biislies tlirap-
liliiig al Ihe bread an" eheesc like a eorbii — the Is-ast I —
I wonder he could eat a bile when our jiuir maister is losi
an' gaiie."
' A iMikem nn your Hcotrh tongue," said the sailor,
lomirig forward, "to nbu«e me fore an' aft when I've
ilniir my Im si. We may just as wi II eat when we have
il, nnd (TO home lo our liammmks, for Mr. Waltham's
slipi« d his cable for good, tlint'« my notion. 1 l)rg your
"ordsbip's pardon."
As they talked, they were making towards tho Mark,
KrnwiHid giving up all Ihonubl of the roblH'rs imlil be
diould learn soinelhing ,il>'iul Ihe liile of Mr. WaUhuin.
\s liny rami' mar, lliry inririved nppronebing, Ihe
figiins of two Ii nulls \\rap|sil in elisiks, who proMil In
Ix' Agutlni Waltham and Murv lieynolds. Indeed Ihe
whole of the inmates of tho Mark were in such anialcf
alarm on acconntof the old gentleman, that rest had u!
out of the question the entire night. '
Arnwood stepped forward to meet the young lady .,^i
endeavoured as well as he could, to console her, lannni
ing much that he should have In-cn absent at a tinm ni,™
so strange an event was taking place ; and having lea;.,
every tiling the agitated girl could tell, he ventured ,„
otfer some words of encouragement, and, at his siitg^.
tion, tho whole party went forward again on the ftartji
towards New Hall. '
The morning was now beginning to break, nnd llir. I
had gone some length by the common path, when ni»-
ing beside a rustic seat he saw Air. Wallliain cxlcndri) j
upon it, his pale features partially seen from unilir tkt
folds of his largo cloak, and a naked dagger gkaiiiinjuj
the grass below.
Agatha shrieked at the sight, nnd clung to Arn'.vnwi j
fearing to draw near, or to remove the elnali, |,s( s|J|
should he shocked by a conflrmalion of her worst hu I
Arnwood, however, begging her to be ealin,proe('rdt'(lii)l
e.vainine her tiither, and found him warm, thoiigli hi;,
gnrd and wan, and in u sound i^leep. His dauelnir I
raising the old man's head, and putting her cliitk lu|ji.<|l
he after a short space, sighed deeply, nnd opened his ivij,!
then fixing them for a moment ui>on her, asked laml!>|
where ho was. I
Agatha explained his situation as briefly as lier iii.|
tated feelings furnished her with words, when \k said,!
gazing wildly on her, — I
" Yes, I know you — you are my .\gatlin — ymir voirel
is just like your mother's. Alas ! angels guard you, iiiv|
love, I was dreaming ofymi. Who is tliat iieside joa)
" Don't you know me, sir /" said i^rnwood.
"Lord Arnwood! yes — I wns driaming of jou |i>
Heavens ! and you and .Agatha hanging over nic on lln
lonely s|)ot. Oh ! my dear happy children — too jfow' la
this worthless world — if I could only ho|Ki thai wastoh
your file when mine was fulfilled, f should die lia|ipv.'
" What fite, sir .'" said Arnwood,
" I dare not tell my dream to two young lirartu HlJ
yours — it might mislead you ; but you were tojuthirl
together and happy. God bless you Ixitli I" [
When they had helped the old man upon bis fill, iJ
looked placidly rmmd and upwards to the broaJiJiiJ
morning, and said, " What thaiikftilness do I nnl ot
to heaven, which has delayed my fate a little liiiiKir, in
forgives my mistaking times nnd seasons; ami lnvlonJ
on me, befiire I die, the consolation of knowing thai nil
ehlest dniigliter is not the vielini of seduction, (ilici
)p that dagger."
" Heavens ! my father — what do yon nicnn ?"
" I'ence, my child, and lead me hoinewanl.^. llcai
ordinances will be fullilled. I lost my daiiglilir, nli^
cost me twenty years' cures; I lost iiiy miiiiiT, uliulij
thought so secure, even to the last farthing; but 1 ini
lost this dagger, which cost me nothing — no, I isaiini
lose it. It sticks to me, and ever gleams in my »\t^
Il follows me in my lulversily, and will follow iiii-
I linve put it to its use. ( 'ome."
CIIAri'KU XVIII.
The company ot New Hall had neparnled, or rdirriilJ
bed earliir than wns intended or ex|Keti'il, ebiilly mat
omit of the sirnnge and prolraelid ulweuee of llii'«|iiill
in the midst of their mirth, nnd his evident iimliilily, «
bis return, In enter into their spirit or enjoy llieir rmiiH
ny. .And when, at h'ligth, he himself got lo Isd, alllmurt
he had swallowed a eonsiilerahle nunnlily nf wine, lifinj
liHi miieli dislrncted nnd ngitnted to full reuillly a«lii|l
He lay in ti'verisli resllessness, forming twenty |ilan>ll
satisfy Mr. Wnllham, without fully reslorini! lii» iiiniiiJ
or gelling rid of him, all «( which were iiliji'rlion.i'ilJ
and innpled with a thousand fenrs : when, bininiiiiif r
lall into a dislurlM-d slmnber, Ihe pale features of Ilii' mij
whom he had wrongAMi still sienied to luiunt Ins imn
anil strange noises sounded in his ears. He ivininil
gined he lienril unnsnnl sounds at a distnniT in Its'*
lent house, and Ihe noise of wlllidrnwing biills; nnillhi
he dozed, and Ihnilght himself in n priwai, willi Mr.Wj
tliam liir bis jailer. Anon, he imugineil liinisill'ii»i«i
iiig in the I'urrels of the Pilot's Mark, with llir ili'tl
rneking nroniid him; nnd he heard fi'il iili|i|iin|r •r'^
Ihe floor of his riKini, when, opening his eyes, li'T
ived by the dim.brenking light ndiuilted liy Inm
mini, Ilir figure of n man leniiing over him.
"Willi are you ? Are you again eonie upon nii"'"l
Hollon, in lerror.
" llo hiUnI, sir!" snid the figure— "I uni iiuUuMl
t*ilk."
'And do you still I
lio siiuire, rising on
"t'crtiiiily," said t
jf,c for nothing ?"
"('jiald 1 have sup|
, inunlcrcr for Ihe su
fiimc inio my house a
1 Ji serve it for what
-.So I lielieve. Coi
» Jly (jod ! how yc
,1 ihc man.
".\llcrcil, what! do
■I Vc<— yon haunt ii
rrimfynii will not esc
- What does the nm
^ ill the dark, and tl:
PIC lo cut your thront
"Vou were not time
llic squire, still, under
In; Ihc intruder for Al i
"To Ik; sure not,
m —
"Why do you haur
Bollon— " with those fi
lull my hlood satisfy y
» Wlut are you talk
iraaidl ; " I don't wan
what is nearly as dear
nfv. f^niiiel no more
hind. Voiir keys, sqn
min, who was the chic
cntcrrd with a light.
" Eh, my keys ! whi
lliiTC really villains in
"Truly, I believe the
eilhor myself or my coi
lir— now give nie your
Ifli mc instantly where
iTlicIc with the leaden
I) your talking and y
i.hv held the pistol
Mton.
"Ill, ha!" laughed tl
to honesty, you see, squi
inpFriority in that— onl
Id my lino ; but althoug
tmirs confoundedly will
not qnarrel nlmut the ptJ
ia;. Rut which is the
<™'l ho alarmed! we
know."
"Oh my find! arcyc
m "' jaspcd liolton.
•.NotyiiKr money, w
Ihf mm coolly, "althou
ofil: and I must nov
Iff, rvory fellow gels hi
il'imy lot to ho hanged
work, why that may be
N'MmiMlrenms, eh ? I
kfiddi', I, addressing Sa
iMrl'nrnt; " keep a shi
M "lion, and if this gen
c|K m answer lo a qui
|<'irhi'ar:'"
'May he ho has a h
wdthi'bny, suspieiniisl
"Kiltli, that may In
ihilllii: your bastion,"
W« wardrobe. "No
M. Just Is' honniirab
|«'4l,nrlliith I'll be r
kfwi'nl leisurely and
I llv lliiH tiinn the ii„
inkf, p\T|it Hulsnn,
Ifctmeriiarl iiflhe nighi
IlirmWinirwiil't'iror, wl
IWtnllh |iiain| and eu
Ifuiiinally pulllnj; f\\\v^\
llrriliiil nnd lialf-awak
I '''»'■" where they siisj
loftjlnr. Ai lo the lea
Iwiaer lamed his back I
|ll»Ullhnn?li the squi
H'nir, yi'l il was too m
I M hi« money, would
l™injlii»||i,i|„,^^,i(l, ,„,
|«lnyhke,Saniiiiy;und
I BIT, «ho«' (IngiTs, he h
I'l-rn,,., niijhi gpi ,|,.,„
lauiiinililani-er of Ihc
WALTIIAM.
335
briefly as lirr a;l.|
irdti, when lio nldj
gatlia — ymir voiccl
•k\i* ^iiiirtl yuu, invl
I *!iut uL-sidc }'uu"|
niwood.
niiiiii); of jou lid
ig over inc on I
(Ireii — too gW l(
lio|Kt that was 1(1 h
liould die liapiiy.'
J yoiiiip licarti likJ
yoii were toptlhiTJ
Iwlli '."
n upon Ills fill, y
Ih to the bmhtij,
iiu'HS do I not owt
a httle loii|rcr,iii|
iiKonx ; anil bntotl
it'ltnowini! thiilini
ediietioii. (oiiiiir
"I uni uulcuMl
u \rid do you still hold to your frijrhtlul puri>ogc 7" said
i)i,siuire, risinjf on hia arm.
ul'orUiiilv," siiid the man. "Do you think I am come
li„o for notiiing ?"
•Could I have supposed that you would have become
murderer for the sake of the world's (roods 7 And to
f„mc into my house at niidnifrht for such a purpose ! But
1 J( serve it for what I have done."
•So I lielievc. Come, no more."
• My God! how you arc altered," said Bolton, gazing
,t the man.
u \llcred, what! do you pretend to know me 7"
„ ycs—voii haunt my very dreams ; if you conmiit this
friino you will not escape, more than myself."
" What docs the man mean ? To tell nie that he knows
„,« in the durk, and that I shall not escape. Do you want
jif (0 cut your throat at once, squire 7"
" You svere not thus determined a few hours ago," said
llic squire, still, under the delusion of his terror, mistak-
jjolhc intruder for Mr. VValtham.
• To Ik sure not, but if you leill talk of knowing
"Why do you haunt me thus, Mr. Waltham ?" added
I Dgiton— " with those fearful tlircatcnings 7 Will nothing
bdt my hlood satisfy vou 7"
• What are you talking about, sir/" said the stranger,
iiMipil; "I t^on'i want your blood, particularly. I want
I what is nearly os dear to you, though. I want your nio-
I m. C""^" '• "'' more talk, for there arc my lads just be-
I bmil. ^'''"'' ^"y^ squire ; instantly." And as the tall
I nun, ivho was the chief of the tliiuvcs, said this, Sammy
entered with a light.
1 • Eh, my keys ! what noiso is that 7 w)io are you7 are
there really villains in the house ?"
I 'Truly, I believe there arc, squire; as great at least as
I cither myself or my companions. There are your clothes,
I lir-now give me your keys, and if you don't choose to
I Irll inc instantly where I may find your cash, this little
liTlicIc with the leaden quid m its mouth will put a stop
I III Tour talking and your rascality together." And the
I fillovi' held the pistol close to Uic head of the terrified
I Mlon.
•Ha, lia!" laughed the ^llow. taking the keys. " As
I tohoneaty, you see, squire, you and I need not argue about
I tnperiority in that — only 1 am somewhat straightforward
I in my line ; hut although my face bo black just now, and
Itmirscoiifnimdcdly white — the kettle and the pot need
I k quarrel about the purity of their vocations, I'm think-
lljf. But which is the key of your own bureau 7 Come,
Lm't ho alarmed! we're only brother scoundrels, you
I know."
"Oh my fiod I are you about to deprive mo of my mo-
I ner "' caspcd Bolton.
■Not your money, squire, begging your pardon," said
I the man coolly, "although you have managed to get hold
I of It: and I must now have shares with you, lor, you
I vf, every fellow gets his due some time or other, and if
lit'imy lot to he hanged one day for my way of going to
liork, why that may be is as easy to bear as your troii-
IW'Mmi; dreams, oh 7 But eomo hero, you devil's limb,"
I kfidiie.l, addressing Sanlmy, who was peeping about the
limrtoirnli " keep a sharp look out here, lei the door 1k'
IM ii\rn, and if this gentleinnn offers to stir or speak, ex-
|r|ilm annwer to a question, give him the lead at once,
I f tc hear 1"
"M«y 1)0 he has a barker himself, under his pillow,"
Inidthihoy, nnspirioualy, "I doesn't like to wateh um.
"F.iith, that may lie the ease, but here, sirrah, this
lAillho your bastion," said the man, placing Sammy Iw-
lki»d« wardnilio. "Now, squire, don't ofl'or to make a
Itrt. .Iu»t 1m' honourable and let mn get a share of the
liKtal, or faith I'll be a maleli for you;" and saying this,
Ikf went Icimirely and carefnlly to rifle the house.
I llv [\:^ time the inmates, who slept aliove, were a
li»ike, rv-ept Unison, who hnrl drunk loo deep in the
l(«mer|iarl ol'llie nighl to Im' easily disturlH-d. 'I'liey lay
llrrmhlniK \viil> <-i ror, whili- the burglars watched by their
IWiwilh {liHliil and cutlass, or traversed the rooms, m--
l(ui(m«lly imlling questions mixed with threats, to the
llrrrilini nnil hnlf-HWakened, and o|M'ning eabinels and
lhmr< where! tliey Hiispeeted they might tiitd any thing
loftjlne. At to the leader of this adventure, lie had no
I win'T turned liis iMick than it at once occurred to him,
I lint. «llhnui;li the sqtiirn might not be renowned for
InUr, yet it was too miieli to expect that any man who
I kw'il hij rniiiiey, would lie ((uielly in Iml and hear |)eople
I lillm; his house, with no other immediate antngoniKl than
lilnyliki'Saininy ; and having also a suspieiini thntSain
Imt, «ho«' fltijers, he knew, itched In lie at this S|iartan
I'l'irm, nnithi gel (lied of his innelive service, to the
1 aiiuuvut daMj'jer of llie wliuh', he ileNpulcliid one of tlio
most determined of his men to relievo the lad, who he
tlio':glit might bo made to act advantageously as his own
aid-dc-canip, in case any sudden alarm should arise.
But the greatest difficulty the robbers met with was
from Miss Uolton and her woman, who slept in one room
near that of the squire ; and whose alarm was so great
that the involimtary and spasmodic shrieks of both, not-
withstanding the reiterated tlircatcnings of the man who
watched theiii, endangered their own lives and the success
of the burglars, and fearfully added to the general terrors
of the inmates, and the horror and apprehension with
which Mr. Bolton lay listening to what was going on.
Whenever he offered to stir, the man who watched, turn,
ing u|)on him the glare of his dark lanthorn, scowled
jealously on him with his blackened countenance, mut-
tering a curse or threat bctvrcen his teeth, and raising his
pistol ; while the squire groaned with distressing and re-
morseful thoughts of his own past injustice, and the mis-
fortunes now tliickly multiplying u|)on him.
The burglars had ranged through the house for some
time before they came to the room where Hulson slept ;
and it hap|iened that the man named Brunton, who, as we
have seen, had gone about this business somewhat reluc-
tantly, was the one who was appointed tu keep a look-out
in that part of the mansion. Hulson began at first to
dream strangely, and then to tumble about as the noises
approached, until, at length, opening his eyes and staring
as steadily on the black face of the man who stood over
iiim as the swiniiniiig in his head would allow him, heat
length shouted —
"Hilloa! friend smutty-face! Who aro you?"
" You will soon know, sir," said the man.
" Shall I ?" he answered, with a slight feeling of terror,
and rather uncertain whether he was awake or not. " I
say, honest friend, arc you a ghost 7"
" Not exactly ;" and Brunton smiled at the question
and the confused look of the little man, whose red nose,
as he looked up, strangely contrasted with his white
iiight-cnp.
"Then, if you bo the devil, you're come at a bad time
for inc, I can tell you."
" How, sir 7"
" Why you see, if you be the devil, I was just about
turning mo three timos round, and growing good, and if
your Beclzcbubship would only allow one a little time, I
have great lio|ic8 of liccoming a tolerable saint yet. But
it's mighty odd to sec you grinning thereover my bed."
" You had lictter lie silent."
" Not I — I wont be silent. Tell mo honestly, friend,
who are you. Arc you a robber 7"
" Yes."
" Kb — what 7" exclaimed the little man, rising on his
elbow, and staring up at the fellow. " Are you really a
regular, honourable, professed robber?"
" Yes, I confess it."
"Coining here to take what yon can lay your lionds
on, in an honest way before one's face 7 Lh 7"
" Just so."
" (live me your hand, friend," raid he, shaking the as.
tonished burglar by the hand. "By heaven! you're a
man of a thousand."
"I don't much like it, though," said the man.
"Youdim't! give 1110 your hniid again. Now that's
just my way ; for I tell you what, I'm no great shakes
myself''
" That may be very likely," said the man i moru and
more in surprise.
" No, indeed, fViend; I've dime severni clever jobs in my
time that I should like to forget, if I could; but they were
nil in a geiilleinanly way, you know — rather in the higher
walks of the art — hiil, nfler all, I did them more iVoiii
the fashion nf the thing, and lieennse I had a way of run-
ning short of niiiney, than for any particular love for that
sort of talent ; and really, frienil, it is very bad when one
thinks of il; liiit as for this iqM'n, avowed, struight-for-
waril plan of yours, I can tell you it is quite gone out of
fashion, and is absolutely dangerous to a man's neck in
these times."
" 1 am quite sensible of that, sir."
" Are you I" said HiilNon, ngain starting up with nni-
matioii. " Faith I yon do Imik like an honest fellow, if
your face was elenn."
" You're a very mid |M'rson fur ir.e to meet nf a job of
this kind," said the iiiun, aireeted. " I Iio|m< your honour
would not witness against me, and 1 shall take nothing
from yoii, indeed."
" It's devilish little you would get here, fViond, even
were you willing; nnil I'm sure I won't know you again,
unless you I'lniin aequuintnnee with me : but, I say, since
J yon are not Idnek nl the Ihmu', allhiiii!:li your face is hiiOI
civnily siiiiilly, how did you come tu tiikc to tliis sort of
pcep-o'day trade, disturbing comfortable people in theit
beds 7 'I'hese may be no honestcr than yourself, I allow,
but that is no business of yours, my friend, if the hang-
man gets a hold of you."
"It were tedious to tell you, sir," said the man, whoso
language bespoke an education not quite of the lowest ;
but of late there has been nothing but misfortune and
scattering in my father's bouse, (and I have completely
gone to the bad with the rest, God forgive nic,) as it
something had come over us to lead us all to ruin. If
first began with my sister, who was the favourite of us
all at home, for she got a sweetheart who she thought
was going to make a lady of her, and quite turned her
head with dress and presents, until the scoundrel at length
seduced her ; and ollliough she did not elope, finding him
to be quite a high man and far above her rank, yet sho
was brought to shame by him, and then ran off, leaving
us all in grief, until we scattered ourselves here and there;
poverty and ruin came upon us, and here am I at lost col-
Icaguing witli housebreakers, and in the straight road to
the gallows."
" Indeed, I think I know something about that affair.
Pray what part of the country arc you from."
" Ilampsliire, sir."
" And your sister's name ? Come, yon may trust me."
" If I must tell you, sir, her name is Mary Reynolds."
" By Heaven, I know all about," exclaimed Hulson,
tliumping the pillow. " I told Bolton that was a rascally
business, and I hope your companions will gut the houso
for him."
" .\nd does your honour know where my sister is,"
said Reynolds, who had changed his name into Brunton
when he joined the thieves. " Ah, if I could find her !"
" I don't know just at present," said Hulson ; " but I
think, friend, I could trace her for you, if you are really
deteriiiined to be an honest man ; at least, if you could
find a Scotchman called Macara, that lives in tliat tall old
building down near the sea, I dare say he could tell you
something of her."
" Oh, sir," exclaimed the man, falling upon his knees
at the bed side, " if you will find out my sister, that com>
fort may be brought to the mind of my poor broken-
hearted father ; and if your honour will get me an honest
employment, I shall rejoice to quit this sadful life, and
I shall be most faithful in any service."
" Well, I believe you, friend ; conic get up, and hind
mo over these black breeches ; now, there," he continued,
rummaging his (wckets and taking out some money —
" there is a single guinea for you, mr I know that a man
cannot even lie honest without money to begin with, al-
though I am moderately |Hior myself; and so, friend, if yon
mean to do right, meet me exactly at noon of this new day,
on the road Iwyond the lodge of this house, for, you sec, it
would not do for us to be honest men in private and scoun-
drels in public — that would be reversing tlio order of
things, you know."
By this time the other thieves had taken all the mon^
and valuables they could find, and were preparing to
leave the house ; but during the course of their rilfing,
Johnston, though lie had mada no attempt to protect tlio
squire's projicrty, had got up, and ns soon as his terror
would allow him, occupied himself in making such uti-
scrvatiiins on the men who successively watched him, as
might herealler bo useful to the ends of vengeance, if
the fellows were taken. This they were shrewd enough
to observe; and when they found it to be the case, they
not only liound him to a cliair, but the man who wore tlio
greatcoat, as formerly ineiitiiined, thought fit to proposu
his iH'iiig bliiid.fulded, which he himself iuiiiicdiuti'ly set
aliout etTectiiig.
While the man was performing this u|)eroti(in, John-
ston was praying for mcrey, which the other reeeivinf
good-huinoiiri'dly, hp ventured to lecture him u|ion tliu
error of his ways, with broken interjections U|Nin tlio
lieniity of virtue, inornlity, and Is'iievolence, and tlio
dnngir Imtli here and lieri:afler of the nefarious coiireo
whieh the robber was pursuing. As the man listened to
this, ho llionght ho ought to know both the voice and tha
style of talk, mid removed tlie bandage for a inoinciil,
nsKiiig with alarm —
" Do you know me, Mr. Johnston ?''
"I hnve no knowledge of you whatever ;" said John-
ston, staring hard at tliu other — "and you misnaiiio nip,
tliat is not my name."
" You are n vile linr, sir," exelninied the other fiercely.
" You are telling me a double lie ; but it's of no uso
Inlkiiig tu you." And wilhont ngain blind-folding him,
hu merely ins|H'eted and tightened the chords with whieh
he linil IhiiiiiiI the trembling mnn. Having done this ho
hhut tl " duur of the bC'd-ruoiii, and gunig down to llio
' -i,' ft ■.'>,!■ I- i i' iV^ *
S^s
- -i
%
'"'i.
'V,.'^'
m^
336
tVALTIIAM.
I
leader wlio was busy below, exclaimed as he entered,
"Gary, we arc dead men I"
" How so ?"' said the other.
" Here is a fellow called Johnston above, who, together
with his father, robbed nic of every thing I had, many
years ago, by law and so forth, and he knows me as well
as I do you. lie is one of the vilest scoundrels alive,
and he'll hang every one of us merely ibr the pleasure of
it. There must be u light sn\iff d out here after nil, or
we "re not safe over to-morrow, and I have good will to
tlic work myself. It is oidy his due, and I should like to
deal with the villain, since it must be done."
" I sliouldn't like that. I don't like it. It must not be,"
said the leader, shaking his head. " We have got a pretty
enough haul here, and binod would make a terrible hue
and cry in the country. Let me t^ilk to him."
Johnston understood perfectly tlic nature of their con-
sultation, and was quite prepared, when they came up to
the room wliere he lay bound, for a pro|)osal to screen
them and save his own life, which he saw they were
ready to take. A thoituht having just struck him as he
sat, he therefore at oiire addressing the two men said,
"that, admitting he knew them, if they would spare liim,
he would get the scent of pursuit turned oft' from them,
by obtaining a scape-goat for the robbery somewhere in
the neigiibourhood, if they would in turn be faithful to
him, and allow him the service of any one whom tliey
should appoint for an hour.''
The two thieves looked at each other in astonishment,
as Johnson made tliis proposal.
"Oh, let him alone for an infernal scheme!" said the
man in the grcat-coat. "I've known him of old. We 're
nothing to him, bad as we are."
" I don't like it," said the leader again — " it's iMsitively
too bad."
" Like it or not — it is perhaps the safest plan for us, if
we can trust to the fears of this precious advocate of vir-
tue," said the great-coated man — "it is only making the
innocent sutfer t'or the guilty, as I say, and said before,
and that is done in one shn|)e or another every day."
This excellent and useful logic Incoming at length sa-
tisfactory to all parties, Johnston was delivered from his
bonds and his ("ears iH'fore the robbers left the house ;
and the proper arrangements having been made, the plan
was ultimately agreed to be carried into, effeet through
the means of Sanmiy, as we have in due time to iinrrntc.
C'lIAI'TER XX.
In spite of the serious considerations that ohtrnck^d
themselves upon his mind, of their respective situations,
Arnwood continued to indulge his thoughts with the
pleasing dream of love, as lie still paced before the door
of Agatha. He was rousi'd from his reverie by the voice
of Murdoch M.ieara, who, thrusting out his head from
one of the small windows l)e»ide the door, ejaculated —
" Surely tlie deivil's l>i/.zy \vi' man an' beast this night.
If that's no' his lordship ta'en to the walking, like my
maister, at three in the morning, an' the wind tirliiig the
kirks, an' blawen an' blasten the vera mools nlTthe graves I
I saw the s|Merit o' the storm glauming alaiig the sea wi'
my ain een, an' I Heard it soughing and moaning frae
'mang tlie breakers at the point as plain as a piUestafl'.
Gudesake,iny Lord Arnwood," he continued, elevating his
voice from the lilllc window, " gang hnme to your bed, an'
sleep, if ye please, for if ye gniig wanderim; there, some
witch-wife that's llerir.g i' the ;iii- this bi-iiy night 'II whip
you nfTyour fret on the bnek o' her broomstick, an' whirl
you o'er the sea; an' iM'fiire ever ye get lime to s|K'er
whar she's gaun, or to say the Lord's prayer, she'll drap
you on the coast o' Norwa' liUo a cockle shell I"
" Murdoch, couie out liir a inoijient," said .\rnwood;
" I want to spcaU wilh you."
"What is the niallir ava, n>y lord?" snirl Murdoch,
opening the door. "Thi! wiiUed one himsel' is abroad
the night, there can be nae doulit, for there's nolsidy in
the house can sleep. Poor Mary Heynolds is sighing an'
moaning in her dri'nms — I he;ird her through Ihc? wn';
an' nuiekle Will Wnthersheit's ta'en the sulks, an' 'II no
gang to his Rd, It's perfect awfu'."
"Murdoch, you hail Ih Iter bring him out too, and any
arms you can muster, for there are robls-rs in the neigh-
bourhood."
"(indesuke! Uobliers next? at the castle, my lord?"
"No; at New Hall."
" Poogli, at the stpiire's ? deel nor they haul the vera
Klicets art' his lied !"
"C'^me. eome, Murdoch; it Is for the general good-
You do not mean toobjeet, do you?"
"Mr ohjek to onylhinjr your lord«hip bids? Alweel
no; an' lliere '« noihing I would like Is-tter than to gel
II grapple wi' tho bhicKgimrds."
" But tlierc are four or five of them."
" Dc'el may care. Here's imiekle Will Wathershcet,
an' your lordship, an' mysel', an' I'll liac the auld bay
onet on the end o' a stick ; an' as Ibr the rusty sword an'
the prongcr, your lordship an' Will can just divide them
atween you. Faith, Uicrc's nacthing I would like better
than a bit bruilzie."
They were soon armed as they best could, and off to
seek the fray ; but by the time they got up to New Hall
ttvcry thing seemed to be quiet, and, saving that some of
the doors and windows were ojien, nothing api>eared to
have happened, as far as could Ik; seen from without.
Arnwood wished that some one of the thieves might be
detained, and was anxious to give what assistance was in
his power in case of a pursuit. Seeing no one, however,
he requested IMurdoeh to tarry near tlie front door, while
himself and Weathersliect went round towards the rear,
to reconnoitre.
The entrance door was half opened as they came up,
but again shut; and as Murdoch paced about, it was
opened a second time, and a man armed with a sword
came cautiously out, and went up to MaoaTa>
" By George, it is the Scotch fisherman," exclaimed
the man to himself, peeping forward in the grey dawn
for it was the same servant of Mr. Bolton who formerly
had the dispute with Murdoch in the lobby of the man-
sion. Concealing, however, the sword that he carried
liehind him, he said, as he went up, "So it is you, Mr,
Scotchman, is it 7"
" It's just me, Mr. Flunkey," answered Murdoch.
"But if yo war na sac saucy, ye might liac the eevility to
say to a body, ' gude morning,' or 'kiss my foot,' or
something."
" Kiss your own foot ; but tlicre arc more of you ?"
" Troth, are there, an' we'll soon let you see that."
" And where arc the rest of your companions 7 since
you are so plain."
"Ou, I'm just OS plain as I'm pleasant; tliey're round
at the Iraek o' the house."
" I did not think you had turned thief, Mr. Scotchfid-
dle."
" Tliief ? what do you say, sir ? If yo say tliat word
again I'll break your mealy head."
" If you're not one of the thieves, iviiat are you doing
here at this time of the morning ? I know you, sir,"
added tho man, retreating towards the door. " I know
you."
" I'll tell you what, friend," said Murdoch, in a tone
lietwocn anger and seriousness; "you had better eat in
your words, an' no mention thief to mo again, or, fiiitb,
I'll gar you swallow them wi' as mickle hard steel as
'II gie you the hiccup, I think.''
"I'ew-lioo?" said the man, mocking and still retreat-
ing to the door, " it's no use to try to humbug me, Mr.
Sansculotte. You've got nothing to steal in Scotland,
and so you come here, and pretend to bo a fisherman,
I lin better to roll us. Do you think I'm blind ? I know
both you and your master, and I'm an excellent evidence
against a thief when lie's in tho dock. So, Mr. Scotcli-
uian your lime's up, I can toll you;" and thus saying,
he tlirust the door in thefaco of pour Murdoch, who stood
Bomnwhal aghast.
After tarrying for a moment on the steps of tho en-
trance ho went round tho side of llio house, to meet his
compani'ins in the rear. It was necessary to this thai
ho should cul Ihrougli a little planlation ; which having
done, just as ho emerged on tho oilier side, lio saw a boy
witli.a lilnckpiied face start out al the farther end. take
tfie way through tlioopcn park which lay between them
and Hail Hill, and brush down among the rocks which
lay iH'hind it in the hollow through which the stream
pasKed in the rear of New Hall.
Murdoch could not afford morn than ono look over
his sliouldnr for his companions, fearing he might lose
Hie track of the boy, wlifim ho was impelled to follow
liy himself in his eagerness to gel "a grab," as ho siiid,
nl tho robliern. Ho set oil' like a shot, Ihcrefore in pur-
suil, and got round tlinuigli a short cut by the hip nf
Iho hill, and then slid himself down tho ledges and
pushed through the buKlies with the B|ioeil and sagaeily
of a seller, in order In intercept tho (light of tho lad,
who evidently was aware of niid ran from him. He
kept his quarry in sight, however, as, wilh n natural do
light ill this sort of elinco, ho continued to jink his way
after him I hroui|li an angular turning of tho little stream
until, as Sammy came down liehind a jngC'l crag, al
thn tiirlliir side of which Murdoch had niroaily planted
liiniself, ami as the lad liirned the point round which tin
slrenin lirawled in Hie hollow, thn Heolrliman met him
full in the tcolh, and catching hold of liim by the Jacfcel
lilted him fairly over the stones to the grocn sput where
he himself was standing.
"Hal liavo I gotten a grip o' you at last, ye dccvili
bucky ?" said Murdoch, holding the lad out from liim in
triumph at arm's length, whilo they stood panlinrr g„j
gazing, Ibr the morning had now cleared up, ni j„ I
trodueed them to each other, revealing tho conlractej
dell in which they were standing.
" What's that in your hand, ye sooty.faced villain-''
continued Murdoch, ns^ho boy's white eyes kept Rijjg, I
on him through his blackened features while ho conii'.
niied to take breath.
"It's a speaking trumpet; should you hke to hear ir
said tho lad, deliberately elevating and cocking a snuli I
pistol which he held in his right hand, and tiring it ig
the face of the unsuspicious Scotchman.
The report of tho pistol rattled and echoed thronvli I
the passes in the doll, but the jerk with which iJanim;'
hud accominniod this action, in trying to free hinise[fl
from the hands of tho Scotchman, whom ho thoucluigl
have shot dead at once, was unsuccessful ; fiir wlijlo |;( f
.stood writhing to get oul of Murdoch's clutch, and won. L
dcring that the other did not fall dead like a plover— ihe I
sturdy northern merely wijied the powder from his I
cheek, and cleared his eyes from the blinding flash of I
the pistol, the ball of which, however, had whizzed pm |
and grazed the very tip of his ear as hnjouked his head I
to avoid the well aimed little engine, tho very muzzle of I
which had been almost at his mouth. f
" Faith, thou's a clever callan, if thou would wash thr I
face," said Murdoch, good naturedly, as he cleared h'l I
eyes. "But thou had better come wl' mo, an I'll git I
thee a night's lodging i' the tapio tonrie o' the Pilot') I
Mark, for the hangman 'II get thee soon enough, myl
braw bairn ;" and saying this, ho whipped up Ihuladonl
his hack, securing his pistol, and away he went wlibl
Sammy, kicking and sprawling among the bushes.
"Let go tho lad, friend," said b hoarse voice, a« 1 1
hand grasped Sammy from behind a crag, and in m I
instant the boy was forcibly dragged down, and adiml
man with a sool skin cap, stood before Murdoch, whoral
tho re|iort of the pistol had brought to tho spot. I
" Gang hame an' wash ymir face, honest man," nidi
Murdoch, "or I'll draw tho blude o' you wi' thi8,"lit|
added, shaking tho short blade of a sword, that liehidl
exchanged wilh Weathcrsheet for his old bayonet, in tlie I
stranger's face.
" Stop a moment, friend sailor, or whatever you art,"!
said the man, " where did you catch this urchin, and hov|
are you here at this time o' the morning !"
" 1 caught the little blackguard rinning off fra'! iIkI
squire's hoosc aboon, an' I just followed him here. Hull
I'm thinking tliat it's no for building o' kirks llialjt''r(|
here yoursci, wi' your coomy face. But ye see, as I'orihel
callan, he's my lawful prisoner taken on the field o' bal-f
tie, an' he shall go wi' me." I
" Did yon see no one else hut him near the Hall ?" uidi
the man anxiously. I
" Heevil a ane, friend robber,"' answered Mardo4b,|
" but an ill-tongued flunkey."
"And did you not see any thing of II ?" addtdl
the man adilressing Sammy. " I'm afraid he's lurnrdl
tail."
Sammy answered in tho negative, which wciiifdl
very much to disconcert tho man, while the boy niidtl
another plunge to free himself from the hardgriiieorUiif
Scotchman. |
" Let the boy go this instant," said the man, calchinn
hold of him, and drawing a long sort of ciillaiw,
say nothing of seeing him or us, on your jaril."
" I'll just 8|)cak when I'm simken to, and drink ivlirnl
I'm drunken t«," said Murdoch, fiercely ;" neither miiij
nor less to save you frae hanging, Mr. Thief." I
"Then we 'II have n spar liir tho lad," — said tlic fflj
low, putting himself in a |iosilitin.
"Tlinl'sjnst what I want, my man," said MnrdwIiJ
whirling round the boy behind him with ono liiiiid, whic
he laid on the robln-r wilh the other. They had m
inadi! more than tlireo or (bnr passes, or rnllier Kirokrs
when Sammy giving a dive, trie<l to trip up Uio Sfolfhl
man, jusl as h<^ was pressing hard iqion the nihrr, tw
liigaii to find that ho vas unable to defend hiniwlf M
the ()uiek cuts of his opiionent. But the nltempl ofw
Ikiv only served to increase the Airy of Murdoch, «li<
still held him fiuit with one hand while hefouirlilmlj
the other; until ho wounded tho fi'llow scvcrelv, "^
made the cutlass spin <iut of his linnil among Ihe Ihi'Ik
The rolilicr relreatcd until he stumbled, and fell inl«'jj
babbling waters of tho Htroam that ran at the rdgo of iN
d.ll.
from iH'yoiici the str
lliot'iirious Scot,
"Nathen, three t
laiit drawing at the
liocli, taking breath
itrr.il.coated man, a
,-ollar. " Itul ye 'II
il'l surrender like a
"l.d the boy got
"He may gang
Murdoch, throwing
Ihce what, callanf,"
frinningand sliakin
heller keep out o' ii
sireert to draw thy n
" I pay, Mr. Scot
moment's consultalit
value of a throat that
«ll's no parlicula
said .Murdoch, wipin
'■ lull I ken w hat yoi
riliraike liiiirn's bur
ve'll ne'er bo hanged
s liari;ain.''
Having settled III
pi]uiloUe terms, Miir
ihebiirglar.i, who, fii
ii.jld», Imd fvnl Samr
lie was discovered
My and clean their
Allhoiigh Ariiwooi
I am' tiling nor beon i
nf Macora after the;
door, had by this timi
Scutchnian did not g(
ful morning without
ll was now fair d
I the irregular ground
and was proceeding
pilli, al the foot of I
iKiveiil, with delight
niiah he had just had '
lio lamo "plump" u
I MKf almost at his t
flic man started and
I lound of Murdoch's n
I flantslarcd at each o
'Vo hue a white
I docli. Iir^t breaking sil
I in; llicre, like a moud
I think you must
I il<iul.sir?'' said the r
"Ou iiy— it's a gui
I iivrrcd Alurdwh ; " L
"Then perhaps you
'1 ken her lirawly,
I iWe, an" u liner qiiea
"flh, then, my gooi
I In licr.''
"Ilringyuu lo her I
I man to Mary lieynold
I o'lmpndcnec."
"Voii (.oeiiilo bo un
I "She's my sisler."
"Hill Ko yo (iir like
'fa« Mury^—hiil con
Mary Keyiiolils's bnl
ISmlciinian and tho c.\.
■K)Ullnlcd.
-1*
It.
groon sput where
I last, ye (iccvil!
d out Iroin him ,n \
itood panting and
sarcd up, mi in.
ig the conlracled |
ity.faced villain ':' ■
3 eyes kept gajinj
s while ho conn. |
ou like to hear ii:'
id cockiii|r a small |
d, and tiring it
n.
id echoed through I
ith which Saniiii;
tig to free himself L
horn he thoujilil lo I
ssful ; for wliilo It \
'a clutch, and won.
like a plover— the I
powder from
10 blinding flash of 1
, had whizzed pad l
hpjoukedhit headi
the very muzzle of I
ou would wash thy I
', as he cleared h'l I
wi' me, an I'll gie I
oorio o' the Pilol'i
I soon enough, mr I
ippcd up the lad on I
way he went witli|
\g the bushes,
hoarse voice, at il
a crag, and in an I
I down, and a tlim I
re Murdoch, whom I
o the spot.
; honest man,"uid|
' you wi" this," lie I
sword, that lie hid I
! old bayonet, in llie I
whatever you art,'!
is urchin, andhoit|
(I '"
ning ofT fra'; llicl
d hirn here. Ilutl
kirks that yt'rel
Sut ye see, as for ihel
on the field o' batf
icar thuIIall?"Hiill
inswcrcd Murdoch,!
rii-
?" addcdl
afraid he's tutncil|
, which «ccinnl|
lie tlic boy mi*
lie hard grijie of lliil
the ninn, calihind
rt of cullnw, " .inil|
^onr inril."
to, and drink wild
■cly i " iioitlicr niair|
r. Thief."
lad,"— said tlie fiil
nn," sniil MiirdifW
ith one Ininil, wh*
Tlii'y ha'l I"'
H, or rnllit'r ulrnk"
trip up tlic SoolfJ
\mn the "thrr, wb^
Irfciidliinwlff"'"!
the attempt off
V of Miirdocli, «l»
Iiilc he fouirlil ffM
How Bfvorelv, Jii^
1 nnions; II"- 1"™
rd, and fcllinlolW
n at the edge of™
WiimPlM^O 03imm®^ ©Il^(
VOL. !•
PHILADELIMIIA, JUNE II, 1833.
NO. 32.
Pbisteo and Prai.isiiKD by ADAM WAI.DIE, No. 6, North Einntii strkiit, Piiii.AnKi.riiiA— At JiS for 52 niiinlwrs, payable in nttvnnco.
Murdoch w.ns running upon him, still dragging
•ijniniy. "'"'" "" '''" '""*•'"''■ '""O oil"''' ">«" started out
from lieyoiiii tlic stream, and both at once grappled with
iholiirious Scot.
".S'a then, three to ane, forbyc a fashious mislccrt eal-
laiil drawing at thctithcr arm is o'er mony,'| said Mur-
Jocli. taking brcatli and staring up in the faces of the
,ri,it.coatcd man, and the. tall lender, who grasped his
ooliar. " Ihit ye MI let me gang wi' the honours o' war.
If I surrender like a gentleniun."
"j.it the boy go first," said the man.
" Hi! may gang to the dccvil in his nin time," said
Murdoch, throwing Sammy from him; "an' I'll tell
ihoc what, callant," continued he, as the urchin stood
iriraiin? and shaking himself at a distance, " thou liadst
belter keep out o' my way in future, or fuitli I'll no be
sueert to draw thy neck like a iioulet."
" I pav, Mr. Scotchman," said the tall man, nller a
moment's consultation with the others, " do you know the
value of a throat that you can breathe through /"
"It's no particular valuable to a poor man like mc,"
«ald .Mnrdoch, wiping the perspiration from his face —
■lint I ken what yon mean perfectly, my friends. And
I'll make bairn's bargains wi' you. If ye let me alano,
vc'll ne'er bo hanged a day the sooner for me, an' that's
I li,iri;ain."
Having settled the preliminaries of peace on these
miiitable terms, Murdoch was sutTered to depart; and
the biirglari", wlio, finding themselves deserted by Rey-
ipjljii, had sent Sammy as a scout to seek for him when
he was discovered by Mttcnrn, wont to divide their
ItnlV and clean their faces after their night's adventure
.Ahlifliigh Arnwood and the sailor, not hiiving soon
infilling nor been able to hear of the robbers, nor ycl
I of Maeara after they parted with him at the squire's
door, had by this time gone to their several homes — the
Scotchman did not got back to the Mark on this event-
ful morning without another interruption.
It was now fair ilay light, and he had got out from
I ihe irregular ground through which the stream ran,
and was proceeding towards the Mark by a narrow
I ptli, at the foot of Hail Hill, chuckling to himself as
I licnent, with delighted thoughts at the pleasant skir-
iiiitli he had just bail with Iho thieves- when all ut once
lie lanie "plump" upon a man, who lay comfortably
I awoji aliiio.it at his feet under the shelter of the hill.
The man started and sat hastily up, awakened by the
I muml of Murdoi'h's approach, and tho two for an in.
I ilani stared at each other.
' Vo line a white face, however, friend," said Mur-
I ducli. tirvt breaking silence. " What are ye doing sleep.
I in; there, like a inoudiwort ?"
"I think yon must ho the Scotchman that lives here-
I il<iut.«ir?'' said the man getting up.
"Ouiiy — it's a gude country lo own, friend," an-
lufred Jlurdwh; "Lord, every body kens mo !"
"Then perhaps you know one Mary licynnlds 7"
"I ken her hniwly, friend — the bonniest lass nn a' the
I thnre, an' a Hiier quean never wnsli'd n trout."
"(Ih, then, my good friend — will you just bring mo
I lo hiT."'
"Urine you to her 1 I'll neither biing you nor any
I man to .Mary Ifeynolds. Faith, friend, ye hao a stock
I o'lnipndenci'."
"Vcm (.eeiiilo be under a mistake," rejoined the num.
"She's my sister."
"Hal HI ye (irr like lier.aliout the cen ; yet no sic an
'fas Mary s — hut conie awn, honest man. If you 're
plary Itiyicolils's brillier, ye'ro my friend;" and Ihe
I Sfiiiriiuiaii and the e.\-rubbcr wore soon reasonably well
I loiuiinlcd.
CHAl'mR XX.
Sonic elnini(e bad taken place among tho dilferent in-
I diviiluaU in the neighlinnrhodd of A rnwood t-'astle, since
the eveiiHul night of the burglary lately described.
I Without relcrring parlienlarly, at present, lu the state
nf mind of Mr. Waltlnun and Lord Arnwnnd rispec-
I luely, wn may merely state that the former had re.
""cred niiuli of bis trunipiilily by tho nll'ectiniiiile
'"I'viugiifliiM diingliinr, and that tho lallcr wiis cone In
I iiie iiietioiKiliH -iHiriipiid with sundry schumoii ul I'uture
.m:\v smiiiis — 2'i
prosperity, and full of the hopes of love. Which entirely
dis|(elled his habitual melancholy, and the etVcet of the
more solemn reasonings of his friend of the Pilot's
Mark.
Another change was, that Mr. Ilulson had lefl New
Hall on the very day afler the night scene before dc-
scribed, after seeing .Mary Ileynolds's brother, whom he
had taken a liking lo. lor reasons as odd and character-
islic, as they were at liotlom benevolent and praisowor.
thy. He was determined, as ho said, lo have the fel-
low's intentions sounded, and, if possible, to bring him
up in the fear of the gallows; besides ho was minded,
us he further averred, to cheat the devil, if be could,
after lie had thought himself suro of another lionosl
man.
It may be pretty truly said, that on the morning we
spoak ot; Mr. f- ' ■ se from bis bed in better spirits
and with i: ligl ^r I ..„ than any ono else, from the
highest to the lo\ J^l in the mansion of New Hall ; al
though lie acknowledged that his brain still fermented
from the effects of the squire's wine, and like Sir John
Urule in tho play, " his head ached consumedly." But
he went up and down tho house with the greatest glee,
as ho surveyed the depredations made upon the plate
and other portable valuables, sivearing that a more
cleanly or genlleman-Iiko robbery could not bo cfVectcd,
either legally or professionally, in the most civilised so-
ciety ; and when Kulton looked rueful and iierlurbcd al
breakfast, he laughed in his face, and told liim he was
glad to find that there were other rogues in the world
who insisted upon sharing with him tho good things he
had amassed.
Hut he did not forget his engagement with Ihe thief,
and was, indeed, so much pleased with the candid con-
gruity lietwecn his words and actions, that he deter-
mined to be ut the appointed place punctually at niion.
' What are you ?" said ho slernly, as he came up to
tho man whom he found already on the spot.
' I am tho person your honour sgioke to last night,
and am here by your honour's desire. I am completely
in your |)owor."
" Oh, yiMi'rc my friend, the robber, are yon ? I've had
many friends of your stamp— I have a luck that way.
But how am I to know that you arc the same man who
was my sleeping partner in the robbery ^ you are tiw)
while in the face ; the man I spoke lo last night was
as black as I^rebus. Itut come, einne, friend, I mustii'l
stay talking to you here, you arc too honest a man lin
me In be seen consorting with on a public road, come
this way."
iSaying this he stepped into a field through the plan,
tation that skirted tho road, making a sign lo the be-
wildered man tu follow him, and questioning him as he
went.
" What is your name, friend !"
" Thomas Key iiulds, sir."
" Are voH really drirrmiiird on being honest? — "
" Yes,'sir."
"Then it is very well that you have obtained my pa
trnnage in so hazardous an undertaking. Uuthow shall
1 know that yon aro serious I"
" Try me, sir."
" Fuilh, fViend, I must liavo a trial of myself nt llie
same time; for, in truth, I am only, as I may say, going
into training tiir il in iny own |iorsoii,you see, ami may
break down if 1 am hard run. Hut I say, friend, what
are you good for f what can you do, in an honest way ?"
" Will your liiMiour niimo what you want of iiier'
"Can you tell the timo on a walch without stealing
it ?"
" Yob, sir."
"Then you aro a learned man, friend, and an honest
as times go. Hut tell mo, can ymi eurry a horse, or
worm tt dog, or catch a itoachor by speed of foot — or
brush a coal, or bund a plale, or tell a lie in u graceful
and bnsinoss.like manner, or ''
" I would rather not do tho last, sir."
" Very well, friend, and I would rather not ask yon
if the world wore nol so bad as it is ; but you niusln'l gel
too honest uihui me, or, yon see, in tlinl case you won'
soil; and il your conversion is loo nnlrngenus, or too
suilden, you'll liei'oine a gi enter roniiii Ihaii ever, I can
(I'll you. Uut, eoiiie, if you are tcally di.'leiuiiiii.d tu
turn a new leaf, I'll protect yon. Will you swear fealty
to me ?"
" I will, sir."
"Then hold upyonr right hand, friend."
"Will that do, sir?"
" Yes ; now look up, mind, Jou aro on your oiitli."
The man sighed as he looked Up to Heaven, holding
up his hand.
"Now wet your thumb — there," be added, touching
the man's llinmb, " now, Reynolds, you are (ny servant^
and may bid .Tack Ketch go bang liim«lf lor w jiil of
employment, as far as you are concerned ; for as long
as you behave yourself, and I have a shilling in my
pocket, I'll stand between you and tho gallows, and
we'll walk Ihe earth two honest men togclhcr, and shamo
the world, just for the rarity of tho thing."
" I will serve you with my life, sir," exclaimed tho
man, aflccted yel diverted by the manner of his new
master. " Now, what shall I do first, your honour ?"
" March, Reynolds, instantly out of this neighbour-
hood, and never look for me until you arrive at the Cat
and Tongs in Gloucester, to-morrow evening; now go,
and go cautiously."'
Tlie first few <'ays iflcr the alTalrofthe robbery wero
passed by the squire at New Hall in allefnalions of sub
Icn and perturbed gloom, with paroxysms of agitation.
All his visiters had now leil him except .lohnston, and
although, in his better mood, he suspected and almost
detested this man, yet, with the weakness of guilt,
haunted by the fear of its discovery, and reluctant to
make the restitution which in a moment of remorseful
anguish he had promised to his wronged victim of tho
I'ilol's Mark, he was glad to unbosom himself lo one
who Was always at hand, although tho last |iei'sou in
the world in whom he ought lo have confided.
Several violent scenes, however, had taken place \>c-
tween him and Johnston, with which it is needless to
trouble tho reader. The ex-tutor ultimately gained tho
onliro ascendancy over tho unhappy man. He iiersun-
ded him against giving up Mr. Woltham's property —
against leaving New Hall for a time, as he had proposed
— against calling in the mediation of Lord ArnWood —
and, in short, induced him to change every plan ho had
Ibrnied, lill, at length, the result of several days' alter-
cation was the squire's reluctant con.sent to a lino of
conduct totally diirereut from that which he had at first
meditated.
It was not long afier Iho fobliery before a great hiio
and cry was raised for fliirly miles round the seelnded
neighbourhood of Arnwood Castle, regarding llie ex-
tensive depredation committed in tho mansion of Iho
"wealthy and worthy" squire llollon of New Hall.
Country gentlonion began lo be greally alarmed, and
justices and magistrates to bestir themselves. Conser-
vators of the peace where every where on the nicrt j
local proclamations were posted ; and ihief-lakers tl'crn
niroii ; Mr. ilolton was condoled with on his loss, with
wiirinth in pioporiion as ho was not known — so rnucll
so, that ho would almost have lost every thing over
again to achieve the nioiueiitiiiy ImpoTtaiiee the cir.
rumstnnco gave him in the neiglilKiurhood : and even
Mr. Jciliiislim managed lo join the cry with credit to
lilnisoir, holding out well grounded hopes of being nniri!
successful than the police itsslf in ferreting out tliu
robbers.
CII.M'TKR XXL
The elTect upon Lord Arnwood's minJ, produced by
llio death of his mother and the occurrences of tho day
on which he camo of age, was 16 give a new impulse toi
his thoughts, and to nntke him look wilb u sirange in-
ipiii-iliveness into (he shadowy womb of futurity, lor Ilia
ptuinisos or indications of what Ibrluno might havo in
sloro for him. Ho saw, however, with a mixture of ex-
iillalioii and iloubl, that it Ucame him now to " try the
world" and all il offered ; and accordingly, shutting up
till' castle, he set otr to vhiit a Sir Bidlnnd Bolland, «ni>
siieh other fiw friends as remained to him in Irfindon.
Tho observers of the upper world of society know (hnl
llicro are always n (i'w new men on town, who aro
lords nf the iiscciiduni I'nr the lime; and who, Klnrlinj
successively into viow liom their native or their com-
^ ■■■'-■■Mm
■t ' .'■■-:,
■./• r».- . ,
■%\
'■^ ■ i.
■ (1. ■''
338
tVALTItAill.
i
m
parativo obscurity, Hcrvo to ilivorsify the inoiiotoiiy of
aristocratic life. Tlicsc enjoy the ttiuniph of Ipaiitiiig
liundrctig of fashionable persons, and of bcin^ talked of,
perhaps, by lhous:inds whom they cannot find room to
entertain, and are extensively repaid by sneering criti-
cism ui)on their expensive attempts at greatnesii, or
contemptuous laughter at their abortive presumption.
In this pitiable predicament was now placed Sir Hol-
land and his family. Lady Bolland, Miss llachcl liol-
land, and Thomas Grondall Bolland, Esq., the only son
and heir, all stood the campaign amazingly well, being
willing to encounter any thing in such a cause. But
poor l;>ir Bolland himself was almost ready to strike and
cry for quarter before the season was half ended ; for
be^idos the difficulty which a little fat man encounters
in striving to support iicrsonal greatness and impersonal
dignity. Sir Bolland was absolutely " sweated down"
into a sort of oily mummy, and lost both his weight,
his appetite, and his nigli''s rest, as he said, for no
earthly or understandable pur|K)S0 but to s|)eiid money.
It was near the end of the London season, while Sir
Bolland's house was invaded by artists of all sorts, con-
nected with the table and the trencher, during the day,
>nd by men and women of many sorts during the night,
that Lord Arnwood arrived in town, and with a mix-
lurn of diffidence and reserve paid a visit to his old ac-
quaintance. Scarcely had he made his appearance in
society when lie found himself, greatly to his own as.
tonishmeni, very much in request ; and crowded as
were the entertainments of Sir Bolland and of every
body else who invited him, and reserved and retiring
as his own manners were, he yet discovered that he
had involuntarily produced a considerable sensation,
Ilis graceful figure arrayed in deep black, and the
tboiiglitful and intellectual look of en young a man, to-
gether with hi.s title, brought to the recollection of some
of the old families a name carrying in it something to
be held almost in reverence, and caused him to be ob-
served and talked of, even when ho himself wished to be
concealed or forgotten,
Arnwood was partly right in the latter feeling j for
ho could not offer attentions to any lady, and in parti
cular, to the many unmarried female scions of nobility,
with whom he mixed, but himself and the late lord's
imprudences became the subject of discu.ssion with all
ambitious fathers and wary mothers, and his hereditary
inistbftunes were dragged forth into babbling notoriety.
This was a subject upon which he was jealously and
painfully sensitive, and when he looked with moral-
ising astonishment at the profuse luxury indulged in
by hundreds whom he thought in every way beneath
him, contrasting it with the painful economy practised
in his own deserted establishment — there mingled more
of bitterness in his feelings, than perhaps, if strictly ex-
amined, was reeoncileabic with true dignity of mind.
Kmorgiiig as he had just done out of a literary and
retlpctlvc sulitudi', and feeling intensely the dilUculty of
getting a footing for his own ambition — lie looked with
amazement on tiic tliouglillcss, niiuloss, and compara-
tively doscrtlcss prosperity of Sir Bolland, and a hundred
oilier new people, who were shining brilliantly in the
zenith of city extravagance. The clinging conscious-
ness, too, of real talent, bccanio sometimes a set-off
■gainst the disadvantages of his peculiar situation. But
this solitary pride soon died away, by the very sympa-
thetic influence of the glaring opinion of the world, and
left him, unlesi when hope was strong, in deeper and
more gloomy discontent with the world, and at the mor-
tifying indications of his own fortune.
As for Sir Holland, he had of late crept under a corner
of the imperial purple of government, and was even in
the prospect of a pcornge ; how or wherefore no one, »o
far as Arnwood knew, could tell; for ho tiiought hut lit-
tle and laboured less, talked merely because he was sure
to lie listened to, and laughed much and of^eii, cither
because ho wa< fat, or in order to become so. At all
rvontsfat he was, notwithstanding the fatigueof stand-
ing up often when hn lunged to sit, and bowing to his
guests when bowing was neither convenient to his shape
nor inclination. But then there was a com|iensation
even in this, (excepting when he was absolutely over-
driven,) for standing and walking gave him additional
appetite, and bowing and feasting made him additional
friends.
Amidst all this, Arnwood full some surprise in observ-
ing the increasing attentions to himself, and even offered
contidenee of Hir BolLind Bolland. Tliis ho eould not
account fur, as it seemed iiiieonnectid with hisdiiiighter,
whose manner, unlike what it had been in an earlier
ac'juuintaucc, liad become stately, and bore uii air of
condescension in addressing him, which ninde him duu-
hly reserved towards her. And as for Lady Bolland, her
head seemed entirely so turned with "ic lately acquired
notoriety, and her husband's impc ....ice in the govern-
ment, that she could only occasionally lie sensible that
such a pcrso . as I/ord Arnwood had the privilege of
making one at all her parties, and that he was more fre-
quently talked of by the women, titled and untitled, than
any other man who was worth talking of, cxceptiiifr it
might be her own son, or Sir Bolland himself.
One morning on Ariiwood's paying an early visit, he
was taken confidentially aside by Sir Bolland, and con-
ducted into the library with much ceremony, and all the
forced dignity and state so lalioriously assumed and worn
u|K)n the person of a little fat man. Here, al\er many
preliminaries, concerning his own consequence in the
present situation of public affairs, and his wish to bring
forward every promising young man, he told Arnwoml
that tlio opportunity was now conic for '-.ing his for-
tune.
Arnwood looked somewhat cold and incredulous at
this announcement.
" Nay, my dear Arnwood," said Sir Bolland ; " it is
in my power without doubt, if you do what I have un-
dertaken to tlic minister you shalL And all you have to
do is to be expeditious, and judicious, and prompt, and
secret, and adroit — and above every tiling you must bo
lucky."
Arnwood smiled.
" My dear Arnwood, I see that you consider the busi-
ness as nothing to a man of your talents, and that you
imagine your success certain."
Arnwood smiled again, and said he hnd no doubt of it.
" Are you incredulous, my young lord, or are you
confident ? Shall I introduce you to the minister or
not?"
" By all means. Sir BoUnnd. I feel my zeal kin-
dling."
" 'Tis done, Arnwood, 'lis done. The carriage is or-
dered at two, and you will consider how much there is
at stake, Ixith with regard to your own fortune and for
llie public goo<l, in what may lie proposed to you."
Arnwood could scarcely believe his senses, when the
carriage slopjied at the door of the minister, and he
found himself formally and confidentially introduced,
and soon after closeted, and preparations made for a par-
ticular and doubtless important disclosure.
" You cannot have much knowledge of mankind,
whatever may be your natural talents, my lord," said
the minister after some preliminary inquiries ; " hut
your knowledge of history will have taught you that
one of the greatest difficulties a statesman has to cneoun.
ter in the ordering of diplomatic policy, is to get at the
real sentiments of foreign potentates, and the true mean-
ing of the proceedings of foreign courts. This will ex-
plain the principle of the service which you seem willing
to undertake, and u\mn which you will be rcfpiircd to
proceed. It will lie a dangerous and uncertain service,"
the official personage continued, " and even should you
bo successful, its value will only be such as circum-
stances will hereafter indicate. But you will have the
satisfaction of knowing that you act for a noble and
lilieral government. And, hark'ec, my young friend, a
sprinkling of hypocrisy is indispensable ; for, remember,
you will have to mix with those whose very tliouglits are
traitors to each other. In a word, I can give you no
better advice llian you will find combined in the Spanish
maxim, ' A light foot, an open purse, and a quiet tongue,"
— what say you, young sir, are you willing to embark in
the sea of politics 7"
Arnwood made such acknowledgments as the occosion
demanded.
" Well, then, we shall see, what is to be done ;" and
the minister, with a gracious but reserved Imw, turiii d
to olJior business, and left Arnwood to the indulgence of
a crowd of new ho|K!s and fancies, which his mind, as
he returned home, wan busy in creating.
Meantime it was bruited about by Sir Bolland, chiefly
to show off the confidence that he himself was in with
the government, that through his influence the yoiiiig
Lord Arnwood was about to bo employed in an impor-
tant and confidential mission abroad. Tho change .to
Arnwood in his reception by tho world, was now as ex-
tensive as it was decided. Invitations crowded in to
him, and every on« began to know and to admire him,
as is usual in such casus, until Uio youth himself gave
way to the general opinion, and loved all mankind as
heartily as mankind seemed to admire liim.
'I'liiN was the moment of Ariiwood's triiimpli, and al-
most his revenge ujton the world. There in an indeserib-
able charm in the first gush of prosperity, tlic more de-
lightful because it is not solitary ; for innn is so buiu
lent and sympathetic in such a ease, that all the world
rejoices with, and even magnifies the happiness of {U
successful. 'I'hc eyes of the women, in particular nm
seemed to beam tor Arnwood with universal rrpard
Their countenances suddenly became lighted iin vvju.
sentiment; and many were in love with him so deeply
that, in spite of the natural delicacy of that "worini'
the Iind" which was fi'cding on their damask cheeks ihc
feeling was too warm and iiii|>erativc to be altomiln,
hidden, and in some way or other managed to find ji.
way to his ears.
He now iH'gan to forget his Shakspearian •naxiinabiiiii
tlie tide that is in the atfairs of i. jn, wliicli, assiiredjf
was now at the flood <■ ih him, and which, liad it beca
taken, as it then otieiv. , was leading him (inoncwuv
at ' St) fast on to fortune. Men, as it uiifortunatefr
turned out, were in a mistake about his " affairs," else
there would not have been all this flood ; but that was no
iiffnir of his.
In giving these general statements we had almost for.
gotten to mention the fact, (an unpardonable piuce of I
forgetfulness in tlie writer of a private history of tiiu
sort,) that by this time Arnwood might have been, nay
was, almost in love. We say almost, because the Kcnlj.
iiiciit was involuntarily qualified in his mind, by certain
deep-seated recollections, or rather fanciful dreams of liij
solitary hours, or mixed up with some painfully plcasini;
reminiscnees of tlie inmates of the Pilot's Mark, near
his own castle. The sentiment, too, however gcnrrjjlv
powerful, was in Arnwood's case at present so ininplcd
with a feeling of grotiludc to the fiiir one, who condc
scendcd to evince no riniibtful indications of IcndernoRi
for himself, that, if stripped and analysed, it eould nri.
ther bo called quite genuine, nor had its roots Biruck I
deeply enough to take the place of more secret and un.
selfish emotions.
The eldest daughter of the Marquis of Lorton hj
fascinated many before she fascinated the yniinj
fjord Arnwood ; but she look a greater pleasure in ot.
serving the impression she had made upon Ai« fa'lin|;i I
than in all her previous conquests, simply lueause aht
|RTceived he had feeling, which she justly concluded iru
a quality somewhat rare in her circle; and the sinjlf
hearted sincerity of his disposition made her attempts ii I
int(^rcsting him both a pleasing and a proud ci|Hti.
nient. Lady Amelia Lorton was two years older llisn I
himself, and the very masculine quality of her under.
standing, her ready eloquence U|ion subjects which wo.
men ijenerally avoid, or trifle with, togetlier willi the
soothing tones of her voice, when slic chose to oddrcsi
the feelings, were not lost upon a mind like Arnwoed'i,
which was always susceptible to the Ihrobbings of cmo.
lion, or the dee|i-f<'lt influence of passion.
Arnwood was now, in the pro|icr sense of the woni,
liiitii; — enjoying existence — looking at the great world,
in its most desirable circle — reasoning u|>on it, gninint I
knowledge, hoping, admiring, and almost loving. He I
had not yet, to be sure, attained to any thing in his own |
fortune ; so much the better ; for in gaining good, n
gain evil also, and all to him was yet imagination and
futurity. " But the future," says Dr. Johnson, " car.
ries ill its womb the greatest and tho purest of all fooi,
for it is ductile to the fimcy, and subservient toevorj-dc- 1
iiiand of the passion.s." [
Lady Ainidia Lorton was a pretty woman, or nithrr
she was nohU to look upon, and at times there was lomf.
thing ill her countenance tiiat was awful to a man who |
can f"eel the power of a woman's eye. She was acconi-
plished too. But tho accomplishments of some women I
(ell fnr something wherever they appear; those of oilier!, I
from the want of acenm|>nnying taste ond undcrstandin;;, I
arc a weariness and a vanity. So were not the circuit I
learning and the ready intellectunl [Kiwcrs of the notice- 1
able daughter of the Muniiiis of Ixirlon ; fiir never were I
aecomplishiiients rendered more effective in mining id- 1
miration or emotion in minds such ns Arnwood's. She I
and the charmed youth met in all possible ploces, anil I
talked all (Mwsihlc things, as lor<ls and Indies will talk. I
It answers not our taste, nor indeed our tnlenf, to five I
details. Behold I are they not written in filly cicvcnsh [
Imoks, that shall never lio rend fifty days hence ? I
The fancy can easily follow Arnwood throivli llic |
drawing rooms and dinner parties of high life, with I
which every reader, high and low, is of course «» finii- 1
liar as he is with his own bed-chamber. He ale of llitl
most pi(|uant Krencli dishes with the most unintelligible I
names, inid drank wines im|iorted by his f'ishionalile |
host expressly fniiii tliu moon. I
Like till! caliphs of tho Arabian Nights he wnllirit
upon nothing but splendid Persian eariiels, and rcclimil
(Illy on solas and
of course, as the «
lie dined u|)on plai
man, under the na
early lor a second
man, lie took care
laborious and corn]
faction or cnjoyme
■linncr table were
s|ilendoiir or" platen
Ills |)lacc among 111
10 |ret nciir the lad;
was forced to talk,
interlarded with ba
what gratuitously,
ho bore philosophic
own private obser
lion" is, after all, s
llic reading.
Tlic kind reader
fancy Lord Ariiwoc
and boudoirs of tin
lending all manner
qucradcs ; and will
and did. Lady An
througli tlioac crowi
from Tier lips he dr
cloqucnec, tho most
Irulf great or desiri
observations and tin
beard and saw arou
generally, he movec
|ilclon, (convertible
idly to people who c
said or thought, so
stamp of fashion ;
morning, weary am
for jicriiisting in so i
Lord Arnwood m
loticty as other pcu|
able to atlectation
philosophers, and its
ccssary connection 1
ventionnl refinement
mind. The hurry o
pleasing gratificatio:
lion with men of tlu
lis usual effect upoi
causing liim to be in
tbrget that the ordii
grcising and weariii]
serious or sad events
Tlic first eircumst
den turn in our fprei
of ministry, with wl
toon rang. In the
ntitlier reward nor i
vapic assurances am
ihip. As the elumoi
of ministers, he saw
measures which had
ihen iHipular feelings
loudly complained of
a|ion Iiord , h
ami now in ngitation,
to recruit his spirits t
The minister was,
wood, and even some
his discours*', as men
lite oblige them to c
tood intentions, with
consider Arnwood as
affairs had taken, hi
tliere is no lack, appli
were all Lord Arnw
will prolmblo rcvard.
Tills disapiie iitmei
wood's friends ; and i
his own conacioUBiiesi
He met Lady Aiiieliu
Iher's drawing room,
that she was aware of
Ihcrit was studied, or'
liini sensitive and irri
irioiis than usual, wl
•nil oven her good sei
and masculine, and hi
'ffurdless of his feeli
mA
WALTIIAM.
339
lun is so luiiHo.
at all the World
linppinisB of the
1 particular, now
universal rrgatil.
lighted up nil),
h tiim so dcpply,
ni' that " worm i'
iinank chiuks, ihc
to be altogtilicr
lageil to find ji,
rian niaxiin about
whicn, assuredly,
liich, had it been
liim (in one way
it unrortunatel'r
lis " affairs," eW
1 ; but that was no
irc had almost for.
rdonuble pioce of
to history of thij
It have beeu, naj
lecausc the scnii.
8 mind, by certain
ciful drcnius of hit
painfully pleasing
'ilot'n Mark, near
however genrrtll»
ircseiit so ininple'd
one, who conde.
ions of tcndemfss
ysed, :t could nei.
d its roots slruck
oro secret and un.
lis of Lorton hud
intcd the ynun^
Icr pleasure in oli.
upon A is ru'linj!>
limply lucause she '
istly concluded VIS
Iv; and the finale
idc her attempts bI
d a proud eipoi.
) yenrs older llian
nlity of her under.
ubjccts which wo.
together with Ihc
choFC to addrcM
like Arnwoed'i,
hrobbings of ciuo. j
ion.
!cnsc of the woni,
the great world,
u|>on it, gaininc
most loving. lie
thing in his on
iiiiiig good, uf I
itnngiiiation and [
Johnson, " ear.
jiurcsl of all pood,
rviint tocTcrydc. I
woman, or ralhcr |
les there was lonif.
rfiil to a man who
8lio was acconi. I
. of some women I
ir; those of olliers
ind undcrstnndinf, I
. not the cleguill
•en of the notiee. I
)ii ; for never were |
live in raising id.
Arnwood's. She I
issihlc places, snil I
1 Indies will tilk.
lur talent, to five I
in fifty clcverish I
ya hence ? I
rood throiuli tlic I
jf high life, wiih
[)f course 18 filini. I
llcateoflht
nost unintelligible
his fashioiulilii
Night* he v'lM
jicls, and rcelimJ
I
I ^„ gofas and couches, which lio found as conininn,
f course, as the wooden benches in St. James's park.
He dined upon plain faro at three o'rlock like a trade.i.
man under the name of lunch, and supiiod at night too
early for a second appetite ; which, however, like a wise
laii lie took care to provide against, the latter being too
I'lborious and complex an entertainment either for satis,
faction or enjoyment. The most interesting faces at the
jjnncr table were lost to him, or concealed behind the
siilenilour oi' plateaux and lustres ; and in the lottery of
ills plaw among tho company, when lie did not happen
to Xl near the lady Amelia or some such intimate, he
ffis I'orced to talk, or listen to, all manner of nothings,
interlarded with bad French and Italian, called, soiiic-
tthat gratuitously, liglil conversation. This, iiowi-ver,
he bore philosophically for a time, for the sake of his
,iin private observations ; for " fasliionablu conversa-
tion" is, after all, seldom as vapid in the hearing as in
the reading.
Tlie kind reader will also, to save time, condescend to
fancy Lord Arnwood moving incessantly among saloons
and boudoirs of the most splendid description, and at-
tending all manner of soirees, routs, concerts, and mas-
querades ; and will also please to imagine what lie said
and did. Lady Amelia sometimes hung upon his arm
through these crowds, or sat with him in a recess, and
from her lips ho drank for a time the most seductive
oloqacnce, the most toucliinf sentiment, ujron what was
Irulv great or desirable on cirth ; and again the keenest
observations and the mobt cutting satire upon all they
heard and saw around them. At other times, and more;
generally, he moved abcat like a philosopher or a sim-
iilcton, (convertible terms as the world goes,) and talked
idly to people who cared nothing about either what he
said or thought, so that what was apparent bore the
stamp of fashion ; and then he went to bed late in the
morning, weary anil ilisapiwinted, wondering at liiin-scll'
Ibr persisting in so unsatisfactory a. life.
CHAPTER XXII.
LorJ Arnwood moved about for a time in fashionable
(oeielv as other people do ; for high life, however favour
able to artectation and ctfeminacy, is not without its
philosophers, and its moralists too; nor is there any ne-
ecssary connection between fastidious elegance and con-
ventional refinement, and vapid coxcombry or inanity of
mind. The hurry of its engagements, however, and the
pleasing gratification to personal vanity, of easy associa-
tion with men of the highest titles in the country, hnd
lis usual etiect upon his youthful and sanguine mind ;
causing liiin to be insensible to the lapse of time, and to
forget that the ordinary occurrences of life were pro-
gressing and wearing on, and there were such things as
serious or sad events taking place in the lower world.
The first circumstance that awakened him was a sud-
don turn in our fpreign policy, and a report of a change
ol' ministry, with which the newspapers and tho country
soon rang. In the mean time Arnwood had received
niitlier reward nor service, nor, indeed, any thing hut
vague assurances and doubtful manifestations of friend-
ship. As the clamour ri|iuncd against the proceedings
of ministers, he saw with astouisTiment, that those very
measures which had been adopted in consequence of the
llien iwpukr feelings in fivour of them, were the most
loudly complained of and reprobated. When he waited
a|ion Lord , ho found him already an ex-minister,
md now in agitation, if not disgust, preparing to set out
to recruit his spirits and his nerves in the country.
Tile minister was, however, gracious and kind to Arn-
ivood, and even somewhat disposed to bo sentiini'ntul in
his diicoursi', as men will be when the untoward events of
lll'c oblige tlieiii to console themselves for ill-rcwurded
gaod intentions, with n moral relleetion. IIu seemed to
consider Arnwood as a brother suH'erer by tho turn that
tITiiirs hnd taken, hut the moral rellections, of which
there is no luck, applicable to courts and political change,
vcrc nil Lord Arnwood's answer, and all his pr'seiit
and probable reward.
Tills disappi' iitment soon caino to lio known to .Arn-
wood's friends ; and its usual elfeets worn ileepeni^d by
his own consciousness and his foreboding imagiiialion.
lie met Liidy Amelia Lorton in tho evening in her fii-
tlicr's drawing room, and ho thought he saw, at a glance,
that she was aware of all that had occurred to him. Wlie-
IliiritwiisHtndied, or whether hisownconsciousncNS made
him sensitive and irritable, he conversation seemed less
mtIous than usual, while he was dis|iosed to lie more so ;
ind even her good sense scorned more than vwr rough
md masculine, and her allusions, accidentally ur wilfully,
"gaidlesa of liia feelings.
Arnwood's observations were more keen than usual,
but still he had not altogetlier deceived himself. Lady
Amelia really delighted in his society, was interested in
him, was proud of him as a conquest, nay, even loved
him. Hut her love was not (shall we be understood when
wc say it?) like the love of a woman. And so she could
extinguish it, or sacrifice it to pride, or trifle with it (as
she could and did with the object of it), with all the ca-
price and hauteur of a high born and worldly dame. For
some time she teased Arnwood, partly by coquetry with
other admirers, and, at times, by cruel allusions to things
in which he telt keenly all the di.sndvantnges of his situa-
tion. A new favourite in the person of a Colonel Vnnce,
now began to call forth her triumphant " flirtation," and
jealousy and wounded pride soon coinpleli.d the aliena-
tion of Arnwood's heart. IJut if there had been any
thing wanting to deterniinc him to retire I'roiii scenes
which were now a pimislmieiit to him, it was supplieil
in the following incident.
At a crowded evening party at the Marquis of Lor-
ton's, Arnwood found that, eitlier on purpose or by acci-
dent, lie was in an unusual ninniier lell to himself all
night, and was in the uncomfortable state of mind of a
proud man when he finds himself in a place where he
suspects that he is looked upon as little better than an
intruder, or imagines his picsence merely auff'cred uiili'
a convenient time urrives for his dismissal by a conp-dc-
jrriice. He had wandered .iiiioiig the crowd, and an-
swered jealously and slightly the salutations of a dozen
eoinmon acquaintances, and even exchanged a smile and
a remark with Iiudy Amelia, and hud at length betaken
himself for solitude to a recesu behind a pillar. Here he
sat down alone to contemplate an old painting, on which
the light from a brilliant cliaiidelicr now shone, as he
thought, most favourably.
The picture represented a young female, in a costume
so |ieculiar, or rather her ligure w.is so imaginatively re-
vealed, by an extravagant and picturesque cirapery, that
the contemplative spectator was soon riveted by the ori-
ginal and striking conception of the artist. The female
was mad, as appeared by the strangeness of her apparel
and manner, and the poetic wililness of her eye ; but she
was so purely beautiful, and there was given to her such
Imk of sjieaking pathos, that Arnwood had almost
wrought himself into tears as he continued to gaze, uiid
to feed his imagination witli the idea of the unlia|ipy
There were other thoughts, also, insensibly linking
themselves with the visual fancy before him, tliougliL«
which, of course, could have no other limndation than
the mere association of ideas, but which gradually awa-
kened in his heart its deepest and saddest leelings, and
plunged him in a reverie which might have seemed a
trance. It was as if Heaven hud shown liim, at sundry
intervals, and in divers manners, in reality or in his
dreams, such a vision (one reiieated vision) of female
Iierfeetion, as transported his soul to paradise in thought
and aspiration, yet never permitted him, even once, dis-
tiiictly to behold that face and form which still llittcd
before his fancy.
His mind had wandered back to Arnwood Castle and
the Pilot's Mark, as he gazed on tlie interesting picture
before liim, when his car was startled and his attention
attracted by women's voiecs, talking loud (ns ladies of
rank may talk) behind him, and just beyond the pillur
against which he -.as leaning. Ho even thought his
own name had been mentioned, and naturally interrupt-
ing himself to listen, he heard a few words of conversa-
tion of that matter of fact spi'eies, v.'liich was "ufticient
to recall his mind to this lotrrr world.
" You astonish me, iny lady," said one, " indeed you
astonish nie ; but the loose manners of the present dr.y
are perfectly incredible. In my younger days this iiii-
pudence would no more have been suft'ired than "
Hut the anti(|uity of his family!" inteirupted an
other voice.
" That is the only excuse for it ; but, my lady, I uiii
told his whole estate would not iiiaki! a tolcrnhle iill'iw-
aiice for pin money. In short., tho boy's presiimplion
ought to he chastised, and for a sensibfo man like tin
marquis to permit siieli a glaring flirtation, I am at a
loss to nceount fiir it."
" It is love, no doubt," said a crneked old voice, in n
sneering tone, " the blind god must hear the blame, he,
\u; he !"
" 1'lie youth ought to bo sent abroad somewhere," re-
joined the first. " I (ell you, my Indy, the marquis ought
to get him un np|Hiintiiient nt the Ca|ie, or about the
Ionian Islands, or in .\uslralia, or somewhere else, to
prevent titles from becoming conteniplihle nt liunir, and
to keep him out of the way of the women 1"
It is time, iiiethinks, that that unfortunate fuinily
were extinct," said tlie toothless possessor of the cracked
voice; "1 knew the boy's grandliillier, Sir Humphrey
of Arnwood — a w ild and a bold man he was, and tlio
late lord made things much worse, nnd here is a youtli
who would niiirry his slender [X'rson and his father's
debts to the eldest daughter of liorton hiinself— he, he !"
Hut the marehioiiess has too mtich gmid sense to
permit the aft'uir to proceed further," rejoined the second
speaker ; " wlir.t do you think, my lady ?"
! have long observed the Arnwood family," said the
cracked mumbling voice, " and "
Lord -Arnwood's back was still to the group of old la-
ilii s, and his eyes yet fixed upon the faseinatiiig picture ;
hut there was soini thing so peculiar in the lone of this
latter voice, that he turned round, nnd putting his head
jrast the pillar, oLservcd the three old women who wero
talking. The last face absolutely shocked him — it pre-
sented such n eonliast to the angelic euuntenanee he had
been eontciiiplating in the picture — ftoiii its absolutely
("rightful expression ; for the dowager's pale face, crown-
ed with a mass of frizzled white hair, presented aconihi-
nation of the rheumy imbecility of the lowest beldame,
with the demoniac iiialignity of Hecate.
" I have lung obsi'rveil that singular family," mumbled
the cracked voice ; " I think it isal«iiit its last."
" There is little danger, then, of Lady -Amelia Lorton,
from nil the reports," said another.
" Hce, liec !" sung the cracked voice of the aristo-
cratic Hecate, and the expression on the countenance
was horrible. " I tell you, the boy will soon begin to
wince ut the world like his foil er — and will end the
wliiik^ by — nay, I can sec it — by ii'stol and lead — or a
eu,> of laudaiuiin — or he may pc li,:ps give himself a
fling from the tallest turret of the old empty castle of
Arnwood — hce, hce, hee !"
" Gocd henvens I" exelaiim d yVrnwood, rushing from
the recess into the crowd, nnd then into the street. "What
a world do I iiilialiit '. The very accursed of the earth,
the crue'est of the world's crawling animals— a bad
hearted old woman, seems to become prophetic when
speaking ol mo. It is high time that I should leave this
motley scene of venomous old eats and aristocratic im-
beciles to the gratification of Iheir own peculiar and
congcniiil pleasures. In the retirement of the castle I
will wait with leisurely resignation for such fruit os tho
seeds I have sown during my short stay in the metropo.
lis will possibly yield me ; and if none ever springs up,
why, ' patience, and slmtlle the cards 1' "
Full of his newly acquired determination, Arnwood
waited upon the .Maiqnis of Lorton on the following
morning, and soliiiled such an exertion of his (lolitical
influence upon any fiitiirc occasion, as that nobleman
might deem itexiiedient or friendly to extend ; and tak.
ing a short leave of his liit friend. Sir Holland, ho niadu
the best of his way back again to Arnwood castle.
CIIAPTKIl XXIII.
The rich perfume of autumn scented the soft air, ond
twilight was fast sinking into night, when, after a fa-
tiguing ride. Lord Arnwood at length descried the shin-
ing sweep of tho sea on the horizon beyond his own
castle, and soon after imagined he discerned a. moro
interesting object, namely, tlie Pilot's Mark, just relieved
by the light coloured vapours, which still retained the
lingering slindow of day spreading fcaword behind it.
.Soon after, he even fancied he could distinguish a light
in the window of the littlo turret where Agatha slept;
and as he eonlimied to contemplate this cold nnd loncl'
refuge of adversity, and to contrast the gay crowd i.i
London with which he had mixed for the last few duy.i,
and the gorgeous scenes of licurtlcssness and I'xtra-
vagnnee wliieli he had just witnessed, with this cheerless
and secluded abode of worth — and further thought of her
who would have adorned a palace, eonlinning to linger
away her youth in dull seclusion and yearning peniiiy —
u pang nfsyinpnlhi lie anguish shot thniiigh his mind,
lliiit would have been still more bitter, had it not been
aecompunied by un undefined hope that lie would yet bo
the menus of restoring her to society and happiness.
" Tlint black looking tower which seems to rise out of
the eold niutmiiring sen," he exclaimed to himself, as
he continued to diieet his gnze towards it, " is yet tho
domicile of my Agatha ; of her who has given on inte-
rest to my lire, nnd communicated a fire to my bo.
Noin, such as none other could or shall five in this
worhl. Shall it ever be mine to restore her and her
father to happiness ? May I ever hope to ninkc her my
own, unite my fortune to hers, under circumBtnnecs in
w hicli wu mi^lit be tuablcd to enjoy together ouch su-
' i£'^i''.s?H'ff
r ^\:f; ;:,:ii- f
■ i^ia: ...?\^l^■■■'^i■
•i& :• .
i::f'i«*:
''•It ' '-t
I
■ti-
:mo
WALTllAM.
m
««r||:W'' I
1 1"
kiT?'^M
preme felicity 7 perhaps — yea, it may really be, after all,
that this glorioiia dream will be ultimntcly realised,"
Entering the castle, affected by Ruch reflections, it may
bo conceived with what feelings he read the following
letter, which he found among othir-t waiting him on his
arrival.
" Gloucester, October ISlli.
" My Lord,
" Though litllc entitled to communicate with your
lordship, from the slight opportunities I have had of the
honour of meeting you, yet, for the sake of others, I take
the liberty of stating a circumstance to you which may
l)c of importance to a |)erson to whom, as I am informed,
you have extended kindness and benevolence, and who, I
believe, at present resides in one of your fishing houses,
eallf.l the I'ilot's Mark.
" Without being myself fully acijuaintcd with all the
eirouinslanoes, I am given to imderstand that Mr. liolton
of Now [lall, in your neighbourhood, has in his hands
and retains, whether justly or not I pretend not to say,
considerable |)roperty alleged to belonif of right to llic
person in question; which person, as I learn, (through
the medium of a man whom I have lately taken into my
service,) refrains from suing for il,from some peculiarity
of mind or opinion, or from an ill-grounded distrust of
tlic elliciency of the law. Now, the information 1 wish
to give, consists chiefly in tliis, that I have good reason
to know, as well from other sources as from my own ob-
servation, that it requires only your judicious interference
and influence to induce Mr. Uolton to return to the gen-
tleman to whom you have already hnw li'ueral, such pro-
perty or funds as shall place him quite beyond your hu-
manity, and liberally reward your own benevolent feel-
iiig>-.
" r shall only add, iliat I am satisfied, that Mr. Bolton
is at the present moment quite prepared for your inter-
feren.ic, which,*! have no doubt, will at once be effectual;
and wishing to your efforts every success,
" I have the honour to be, &.C.
" n. B. nui.sox."
Nothing; eould be more gratifying to Arnwood's feel-
ings, or give a quicker impulse to his dearest hopes, than
the iutelligence brought him in this short letter. Uni-
son's inlbrmution he saw confirmed by various things
th.it he himself observed, particularly by the olfer of Mr.
Bolton .some time since to address him on the road; and
though his pride under ordinary circumstances would
have prevented him from ever again connnuiiicating with
the man who had insulted him so grossly, yet in the
cause of Agatha and lier liither, he rejoiced in the pros-
pect of an immediate negotiation' with the squire, which
he resolved on undertaking on the succeeding morning.
Wliile Arnwood meditated these plans, his single ser-
vant, assisted by crooked IJobin the gate-keeper, and his
wi'c, prepared his evening repast, which was soon set
before him. But by this time the solitariness of his
situilinn in the old empty castle, struck him so forcibly
as heinsensilily contrasted it with the delight of Agatha's
society, which now came home to his fancy, with some-
thing like anticipated reality, that he was unable to eat;
and iRrst st-arting up and pacing the room in the pleasing
indulgence of the hopes with which he was impressed,
he at length rushed out, fatigued as he was, into the open
air, that he might breathe more freely and indulge with
less constraint in the stillness of night, the happy con-
templation of the innnediate restoration of Agatha, and
of his own expected happiness,
FIc looked wistfully towards the Mark ns he walked,
but night had completely enveloped every object, and he
could only distinguish the misty line of the sea below, by
its phosphoric reflection of the stars which now twinkled
above him. " Surely," said he, " I may venture to go
doun even to night and en(]uire for Mr. Waltham. The
messenger of good tidings is welcome at every door, and
in this world i'ew will venture to blame the trcedoins or
follies of a prosperous man, as I am at length beginning
fo be;" and saying this, he without more ado set Ibrwurd
to walk, dark as it was, to the Mark.
When he arrived at the door, and looked up at the
small closed windows of the house where his Agatha re-
Rlded, he observed on one side the fire-light gleaming
warm from the top of a lower window, ami as he listened,
he heard at intervals the (plaint chant of Murdoch Ma-
carn, mixed in chorus occiisionally with the clearer voice
of a woman; and even the rough tones of Weatlierslicet,
the sailor, seemed to strike in at times with the others,
while a thump on the table, or some such thing, beat
time to the more merry bars of the stave — and the whole
ended with a burst of cheerful, but not loud, tongues, and
the merry noise of laughter.
" Heaven prolong your innocent happiness!" exclaimed
Arnwood, half audibly, as he looked up at the window.
" What virtuous hearts and pure and peaceful bosoms
inhabit this cold dreary-looking pile, to put the gorgeous
and the lofty discontented to shame? May blessings rest
upon and increase to all within these honoured walls.
By .love, I can refrain no longer! I shall seek admittance
forthwith, that I may come in for a share of your homely
social pleasure. And I shall have one look, before I
sleep, of those eyes, which I still seem to see wherever I
go, and which carry love and emotion in every glance;"
and so saying, he went up and knocked gently at the
door.
It was soon opened by Mary Ueynolds, who smiled
and curtsied as she held the light when she saw who it
was, while his lordship eould not help observing her
kindly as he entered, for she was neat, and almost gaily
dressed; and her buxom youthful face, glowing with
health and the heat of the tire which she had just left,
was surrounded by a cluster of curls suflieiently tastefully
arranged to set off a countenance by no means calculated
to make a warm-hearted man forget that there was such
a thing as love in the world.
" I am delighted to see you all so happy," said his lord-
ship, as he entered the comfortable kitchen, scarcely able
to see for the light of a blazing fire, before wliieli an old
furbished sword, on which were strung a couph of good
sized fowls, went round agreeably to the ordering of big
Weathershcct, tlie sailor; who, seated in tlie shade of the
ehiumey, with a face as red, and nearly as hot as the
fire, was performing the duties of turnspit, with all the
patient equanimity of the hardy race, who are trained
to wait upon every wind that may happen to blow.
" Weel, I declare, if that's no his lordship frae the
castle!" exclaimed Murdoch Maeara, coming forward.
"Was there ever ony thing so heartsomc and lucky, an'
the bit supper just ready for the dish ? Ye'U excuse me,
my lord."
"What is it, my honest Scotch friend?" said Arn-
wood, good hmnouredly. " Mr. Waltham is well, I pre-
sume, from what is indicated here, and disposed to enjoy
himself."
" Wonderfu' wecl, my lord, an' mentioned you to Miss
Agatha aboon, this very minute. Oh! if your lordship
would just be pleased to be hungry the night; but what
need I speak? Great folks are never hungry, like us poor
hollies, as Nicol .Macdougal, the flesher, used to say."
" You're much mistaken, my friend," said Arnwood,
smiling ; " and so was Nicol Macdougal — but why this ar-
dent wish to-night?"
" It would just be sic a pleasure for me to see your
lordship silting beside my mistress aboon, if it were the
ease, and me helping you like your vallej/ ile sham to the
merry thought o' ane o' thac hurdles that's fizzing afore
the fire. Twa bonnier ehuckies never picked barley —
an' there's muekle Will Walhersheet sitting at the helm
turning tlum round, wi' a fiicc as red as a Dutch cheese,
can hardly keep his fingers out o' the gravy, the crature."
" Upon my honour, Mr. Murdoch," said Arnwood,
these hurdles, as you call them, would tempt any one,
after a long ride; and that being my condition, I have al-
most a mind, when I go up stairs, to try your cookery."
' I tell'd ye sae! I tell'd ye sac! as the wife said about
the mare that cat the mortar stane," snapping his fingers,
and turning round and addressing his companions. " Cict
up. Will Wathershect, an' bring mo the dishes — sitting
there like a hurlelieon, licking your fingers i' the pre-
sence o' his lordship. Od man, ye hae nae mair manners,
for a' my teaching, than a cadger's foal! Will ye never
learn genteelily, ye sea porpuss?" J
" Will your lordship be pleased to walk up stairs?"
said Mary Reynolds, curtsying, having herself ran up
and down again, during the Scotchman's palaver.
When Armvood entered the small arched apartment
above, which was used by the inmates as a sitting-room,
found a table covered for supper, the candles lighted,
and a fire blazing with an air of much comfort. The old
gentleman advanced to receive him, which he did with
the greatest warmth, his countenance bespeaking not
only inward tranquillity, but good humour, and spirits
almost amoimting to gaiety.
' I am very grateful for the honour of this visit, m'y
lord," said Mr. Waltham, shaking Arnwood by the
liniid — " and, indeed, your presence is most hap[)ily
timed. You come, as wo are sitting down to supper,
with the smiling countenance of youth and ho|)c, andthc
sun-burnt visage of the traveller, like the welcome mes-
senger of good tidings."
' What news, I have, sir, is rather of o cheering kind,
certainU," said Arnwood, returning the old gentleman's
aireetionate pressure.
" Agatha, my love, you must bid Lord Arnwood wel
come," said Mr. Waltham, as his daughter stood hesiia!
tingly near him.
" You are indeed xcell-come, my lord," said Agatha aa
she held out her hand, her eyes glistening with emotion
as they met his.
They sat down, Arnwood beside Agatha, and Mr
Waltham opjiosite, as their little supper was placed \k.
fore them by the neat hands of Mary Reynolds, seconded
and directed by the proud officiousness of Murdoch Ma.
cara; and never did morsel of Heaven's bountv taste
more sweet than did their homely meal to this little com.
pany in the square stone chamber of the lonely Pilof,
Mark; and never was conversation between three per.
sons for the time more intensely interesting and delight.
ful. Mr. Waltham, who had recovered much of his te.
renity from the constant nursing of his daughter, as will
as the success of the fishermen since the storm — by wliitd
the evil day he dreaded was put oft" — and who was par.
tieularly dispelled to \v chcerfiil this evening, having re.
ceived intelligence that his eldest daughter was safe, and
was in Paris — in comparatively good spirits ; and as ho
sat opposite Arnwood and Agatha seemed to ohscne
with delight their looks of love, and the pleasure they
took in each other's society. " My children," he said
"do not look with fear and awe of me, as if the fiigitive
happiness of your time, and the blissful feelings of youth
were cruelly to be seated away, or damped and crushed
by an old man like myself, who has already hod his day
in the world. Knowing that you are virtuous, I neither
encourage nor forbid you to love and be happy ; t'or the
marriages of wavering mortals are made in heaven; and
from tlience issue the decrc-.^s from whose power vou
eatmot escape, and which shall bind you, or separate you
for ever."
" Your career in the world, my lord," he continued,
addressing himself to Arnwood, "has begun with sonc
adversity, but this irtay only serve to enhance the pleasure
of bright days to come. As for me, I would not willini;.
ly again indidge the solacing delusions of hope, which
would only serve to agitate and unhinge niy mind from
that calmness and submission with which it becomes mc
to prepare for my fate. Nothing, my lord, tends more to
weaken an already debilitated and irritable mind, than
exciting alternations of .hflpc and apprehension; and now,
as I am reduced to the condition of poverty which was
predestined for me, any new-raised hnpc would, I am
convinced, infallibly end in certain and more dejiressinf
disappointment."
"I am sorry, Mr. Waltham," said Arnwood, "lok
obliged to repeat, that I am convinced your wrongs hare
caused you to delude yourself in your despair, as muth
as ever visionary was deluded by hope. But even if I
should be unsuccessful, as I well believe I shall m(, in
inducing Mr. Bolton to restore your property, will jou
not, for your daughter's sake, consent to empower mclo
seek redress for you by public law ?"
Mr. Waltham shook his head, but made no reply.
"Let us not talk of these sad subjects, father," said
Agatha. "I,et us be happy again, as we have heard
something of my dear sister."
" Ah! if she were here with us this happy night," said
Mr. Waltham; "how nmch the pleasure of this little
meeting would be etdianeed ; but slic is well, although I
am still in the dark as to howshe is situated, and Heaven's
mysterious will towards us all be done. Will you drink
with me a health to my absent daughter, my lord?"
" Most gladly, sir," said Arnwood, filling his t'last;
" and I feel convinced, from this night's promises, my
good sir, that many happy days arc yet in store for us
oil."
" I do hope so," said Agatha, with brightening look.s;
and conversing thus the night wore away, until Mr.
Waltham seemed to catch at his revived hopes of life,
and almost joined Lord Arnwood in laughing at his late
fancies.
A few moments' conversation with Agathn, ns they
lingered together liefore parting for the night, in nhiJi
they, in hurried and broken whispers, and with looks still
more expressive, congratulated each ether upon more
matured ho]K's and happy days in prospect, eo.npleted
Arnwood's bliss ; and he left the Mark with all the proud
feelings of his ancestors revived in his heart, and all the
warm ho|)C8 of youth glowing in his bosom.
He had crossed the open sandy spot inunedialcly ia
front of the Mark, and entered his own plantation by (he
wicket towards the sea, when he heard a ru-slling among
the frees to the left, and instantly perceived the figure «l
a man coming cautiously towards him. " Who go<'
there ?" he shouted, as the figure drew near.
" A frien', siclike as I am," said the Scotch tongue ol
.Maeara; " I would
vc were my born bri
distant through the i
" What arc you d
tanny moonlight nij
blattering hame sae
liej your excuse, m;
frac that squire's at
ve'll he the better o'
you the night, for fe:
" "Pshaw — what si
Murdoch."
» Deevil a bit, my
pen."
"What do you mei
" I tell you, my lo
the night, an' that
heird it."
" You saw a ghost
lay. Never trouble
go home myself."
"WccI, my lord, if
Ye sec, wliile your 1
bonny Miss Agatha, '
Mark, after picking
Will Wathcrshcet w:
mc, an' I was sitting
the light o' the fire—
the heavy-headed no
noise. But whether
without, I couldna si
at lost up I gets frae
tn'alf to see what m
"Come, Murdoch,
" Weel, my lord, de
the black waves moai
into my head to take
Hail Hill ; when just
faou-se, whitter goes a
off like a shot aero
Deevil's in you, said .
in live minutes I was <
dired into the squire'
blackguard careudeiu
"Whatman?" s,-id
long story.
" I could amaist sw
used to sneak about ai
They ca' him Johnsto
"But what seemed
".My lugs wer' na
but it could be no goo
be whispering without
o'en. But wliaever it
this precious night, I
guard callan that was
sjuire's house, and an
no unhanged. I thini
"Well, Murdoch, w
" I'm neither proplii
I'm certain it bodes ni
"Well, you had beti
Mark, and I will try t
nders. Meantime, I
{ood spirits disturbed
"Aweel, my lord,"
leli'd you my tale, ui
Baking, an' mony betl
in you ony gudo — an
scorn till the new day.
CHi
The new day did coi
nf the strange alarm o
. snd Lord Arnwood ro
sleep, which had liccn i
I of Agatha, and placid
"filorcd his breakfast t
in the Iiurk's Tower, a
while the cheerful beat
extensive prospect, his
survey of the pictures
"till entailed to him ai
Willi delicious iuiagini
Ft becoming lady of
li«P|)y little ones, givin
w hilii of the now ci
WALTHAM.
M\
rnwood, " lo h
)ur wrongs hire
Icspair, ns miirh
But even if I
c I fIioII »o(, in
opcrly, will you
cnipowcr nie lo
Micara; " I would ken your lordsliip's voice us wcel ns
jdBcrc my born britlicr, though ye were to sing a mile
iidant llirougli the wood, like a mavis,"
" Wliat are you doing, wandering at this time of tlic
nijlit, friend Murdoch ?"
• It's a' for the best, my lord, as wecl as it was that
lidnny moonlight night when I met your lordship coming
blattcn'>S I'amo bie gude-humourcd and tovy from — (I
boj your excuse, my lord, I'm a plain spoken body — ,
fracihat squire's at Now Ha' aboon; an' I'm tliinking
vf'll liP tlie better o' me to gang hamc to the castle wi'
voa the night, for fear o' skaith,"
' ''Pshaw — what should I fcur! Go home to your bed,
Moriloch."
•' Dnevil a bit, my lord, 'till I see what's gaun to lia|)-
pen."
» What do you mean ?"
" 1 tell you, my lord, there's some new dccvilry agog
Ihe night, an' that I'll answer for. I both saw and
heard it."
" You saw a ghost, and licard the wind whistle, I dare
say. Never trouble yourself with following me, I can
go home myself."
"Weel, my lord, if yc just let me tell you what I saw.
Yc sec, while your lordship an' my canny maister, an'
bonny Miss Agatha, were taking your crack aboon in tlic
Mark, after picking the bancs o' the bits o' burdies that
Will iVatherslicet wad hae burnt to a cinder, only for
me, an' I was sitting cosily talking to Mary Keynolds by
the light o' the fire — tor VVatherslieet was sound asleep,
the heavy-headed nowt — crick-craek, I licars some odd
noise. But whether it was within or whetlier it was
irithout, I couldna say, yet something I still heard, till
at last up I gets frao side o' Mary Reynolds, puir tiling,
an' aff to sec what might bo stirring."
"Come, Murdoch, bo brief."
" Wccl, my lord, dcevil a thing I could see or hear, but
the black waves moaning in shore, but Providence put it
into my head to take the bit road up back by the foot o'
H;iil Hill ; when just as I gets near to the squire's muckle
house, whittcr goes a wee fellow past nio in the dark, an'
oir like a shot across the upper corner o' the park.
Deevil'B in you, said I, but I'll see what ye'ro after! an'
inkc minutes 1 was up to the slap through whilk he had
dired into the squire's ground, an' then 1 saw the little
blackguard carci'denching with a man."
"What man?" snid Arnwood, impatient at Murdoch's
long story.
" I could amaist swear, my lord, it was that man that
used to sneak about and try to puuip mc about the Murk.
They ca' him Johnston."
"But what seemed to pass between them?"
".My lugs wcr' na just lang enough to hear, my lord,
but it could be no good that mudc a gentleman like hint
bt whispering without wi' sic a dcevil's pet at twul at
fen. But wTiaever it was, or whatever is in the wind
this precious night, I can swear that is the same black-
guard callan that was among the robbers that robbed the
siuirc's house, and an urrantcr little thief's apprentice is
no unhanged. I think thcyca' him Sammy."
" Well, .Murdoch, what do you infer from all this ?"
"I'm neither prophet nor priest, my lord, to say; but
I'm certain it bodes no good to somebody."
" Well, you had better go Iiomc and protect the Pilot's
Mark, and I will try to protect the castle against nil in-
vaders. Meantime, I shall not be willing to have my
{ood spirits disturbed by any such alarm as you give."
"Awcel, my lord," said Murdoch doubtfully, "I've
leli'd you my tale, an' so a sound sleep an' a biyth
ifaking, an' niony better wishes than that, if they would.
do you nny gudo — an' (Jod defend you frnn skaith nn'
scorn till the new day."
CHAPTER XXIV.
The new day did come in, sunny and cheerful, in spite
if the strange nlarm of Murdoch on the previous night.
Mid Lord Arnwood rose in the best spirits after a long
sleep, which had Iwen mingled only with soothing visions
of Agatha, and placid anticipations of future joy. He
ordered his breakfast to he served in his favourite room
in the Ijnrk'a Tower, and as he sat nuisiiig on the fiiture,
while the chcerfnt lieams of morning gleamed over the
Micnsive prospect, his fiincy glowed with pride in the
survey of the picturcs()ue possessions of his ancestors,
»WI entailed to him and his heirs. His spirits danced
«itli delicious imaginings us he thought of his Agatha
yet becoming lady of this romantic property, and their
happy little ones, giving additional lite nn<l lustre to the
<"d halls of the now empty building — or one dny roam-
ing at large among the red deer that yet sported in tlie
irregular park beneath.
As he farther dwelt at his solitary meal on these pleas-
ing anticipations, he smiled us he reflected on his former
irrational dis|>ondcncy — " As if," suid he to himself, "life
were not full of promise to the active and the prudent, or
ns if I — a young man — were, like the ruined Mr. Wal-
tham, to be checked in my career by a false and dismal
philosophy, or guided by a fanciful and gloomy infatua-
tion. I need not now recall the ridiculous notion that at
one time took such possession of mc about my being
fated to be the last of my house and title, excepting it
may be to laugh at tiic crude notions of youth, and to
contrast early fears and fancies with their present nearly
realised falsification." Indulging in these pleasing mus-
ings, he dressed, and prepared to ride to New Hall by
noon, to endeavour to make as beneficial an arrangement
us possible for his interesting friend Mr. Waltham.
He had scarcely completed his morning's toilet, how-
ever, and was pulling on his gloves to set ibrtli, when the
post brought him the following note : —
" London, \9—.
" .Mv HEAR Arnwood,
"The disap|>ointment 1 felt this morning in waiting
upon the Right Honourable Mr. Y was actually as
great as yours can be on the (wrusal of this. In short,
after many apologies, and much smooth politeness, he in-
formed mc that your lordship not being in parliament,
(a strange excuse, for he knew the fact before,) it was
impossible to complete the appointment lie had intended
for the noble representative of the ancient house of Arn-
wood — which, of course, he exceedingly regretted ; and it
came out in conversation, that the said appointment hud
been long ago promised to the yomigcr brother of the
bishop of Redborough, who, in fact, hud already re-
ceived it I
" I need not say how much this news disconcerted mc,
after my saying all over town, that the tiling was yours;
but, in truth, enlre nous, if it is worth while making a
secret of it, tlie minister is tottering. That is the general
opinion in the select circle who arc in the secret of every
thing, and wherein I have the honour of bearing a part;
and you will see that there will be a change shortly.
" Let us sec you at the park shortly, and believe mc to
bo, my very dear Arnwood, *
Yours always,
" BoLLA.ND Holland."
" Heavens and earth ! am I tlie fool of the most fool-
ish ?" exclaimed Arnwood, throwing the letter to the
other end of the apartment, " to have believed for a mo-
ment the word, and swallowed the representations of this
frivolous idiot, and his flatterers. Or wos the minister in
league with him to deceive mc — pish I — but vi'hy should
I put myself in a passion about the deceptions and hollow
promises of courts ? They have been proverbial in all
past time, since .Mordccai the Jew sat sullen and unre-
warded at the gate of Ahasuerus. Let me see, at least,
if my money be sate," he added, opening his escritoire,
" yes, six thousand there, and seven hundred odd there,
and another and inferior appointment money will make
mc sure ot', and two thousand guineas will do that at
once. Let me forget this little disappointment, and pro-
ceed at once on my interesting mission to New Hall."
The words were hardly uttered, when he observed two
|x;rsoiiB pass the window, and imincdiutely after, the ser-
vant unnounced Mr. Simkin and Mr. Johnston, as de-
siring admittance into the presence of his lordship.
Arnwood could scarcely help feeling a sort of qualm come
over him at the very numc of Johnston, and ut the idea
of his having the audacity to seek ailmittancc into his
presence. Uut he had scarcely time to wonder within
liiiiiself what could be the purjiort of this visit, when the
two were ushered into the room.
" Your business, gentlemen ?" said Arnwood, as they
stood hesitatingly before him.
" You may be surprised, my lord," said Johnston, " at
my having ventured to wait upon you, after certain cir-
cuinstances that "
" That I do not desire to have recalled, sir," said Arn-
wood haughtily.
" I do not wish lo remind your lordship of any thing
unpleasant, and indeed the business I uin come aliout is
not at all so unpleasant as it may at first appear. Butut
any r.ite, that I undertook it with the greatest reluctance,
I can testify "
" I can attest the same," said his companion, bowing
with a prolossioiial air.
"Our visit is res|)celing nii olTer tliut my friend Mr.
Bolton is disposed to make to your lordship regarding a
sum of five ihoiifK.nd iKiunds, whirl! your lordurip o'.vcp
him as the heir and representative of your late mother the
dowager Lady Arnwood, .-Dme lime deceased, and "
" Five tlinusand |>ouiids.' borrowed by Lady Arnwood
of Mr. Bolton," r.xelaimed the young lord in aslonish-
incnt; "suk ly, this must be a iiiistakr, I never heard of
such a loan;" and he took the bond in his hand and gir/.id
at it long and minutely to the infinite trouble and sure
concern of Johnston, who fidgeted about strangely. " I
certainly never understood "
" I beg your lordship's pardon," said Mr. Simkin,
striking in, "there is no such ih\na timltrsliHul or recog-
nised in lav, as an underslnnilins iHMwern parties, unh ss
it can be shown in writing, which, as I learn, vour lord-
ship is unprepared to show, and there .'ore we are conic to
di.icuss the main proposition which wc liavc tlie honour
to make to your lordship."
" You arc a lawyer then, sir?" said -\rnwcod to tho
solicitor.
" I have the honour to belong to the profession, my
lord," and Mr. Simkin bowed as he said this with a eon-
sciousnc.ss of being honoured by the acknowledgment of
his lofty station in this lower world.
" In one word, gentlemen, come you with a hostile
purpose from Mr. Bolton," said Arnwood, "for 1 was
just going to pay a visit to him?"
" The law is never to be considered hostile, my lord,"
said Mr. Simkin complacently, "when every thing is done
according to precedent and the practice of the courts,
and "
" Mr. Bolton is not at New Hall to day, my lord,"
said Johnston, interrupting the man of law; " he is ab-
sent, and will lie much occupied for a time u|ion the
business of the late audacious robbery. But in short, he
is determined upon recovering this fm thousand pounds,
if your lordship does not think fit to comply with the con-
ditions upon wliieli he consents to wuive his claim —
which conditions, I must say, urc most liberal."
" What are the conditions?" demanded Arnwood with
an indignant smile.
" Simply, my lord, that you will give him the imme-
diate use and possession of a certain anti(]iie pleasure
house and premises appertaining to your lordship, com-
monly called the Pilot's Mark, to be holdcn by him for
seven years from the present dale, and particularly that
your lordship will undertake not to countenance or har-
bour a certain individual called Waltham in any house or
building belonging to you, hut that he, and those with
him, lie instantly sent forth from this neighbourhood as
suspicious chnraeters, and "
" How dare you bring mc such an infamous message,
sir ?" said Arnwood, indignant at the proposal.
"It is a mere matter of business, my lord," .said .Sim-
kin, now taking a pari, " that ve are come upon ; upon
which wo cxpi'ct your lordship's pleasure or ansn or, with-
out iuiy unnecessary heat."
" I cannot conceive," replied Arnwood, his anger giv-
ing way to astonislimrnt, "why Mr. Bolton should act
thus, or that his mcani'ig is really as you say, to give up
this sum of five thousand [lounds either at present or in
prosjiect, on such unaccountable conditions."
" It is Mr. Bolton's pleasure or his whim, or what you
please," said Johnston; "and I don't sro why a gciitle-
miin should not be gratified when he can pay for it."
" Ha ! ha ! very true," said Arnwood, smiling scorn-
fully ; " but what evidence have I that this is really .Mr.
Bolton's wish regarding that unfortunate man iii the
Mark whom I had tlwnght he was weary of perse-
cuting ?"
"There are very .stranpc surmi.scs regarding that indi-
vidual whom your lordship is pleased lo harbour, in con-
nection with certain facts which took place at the lute
robbery ; all inquiry respecting w hich may bo quashed
by your lordship instantly banishing him and his from
this neighbourhood, and giving up possession of tho Pi-
lot's Mark ; and, in short, I would advise liim and your
lordship as u fViend "
"Do you presume to speak of yourself as my friend!
or tho tVieiid of any unfortunate gentleman ? I do not
believe you, sir, even in your assertions about Mr. Bolton.
I do not believe that he is such a villain us your message
would imply. I will wait upon him myself in the eauwi
of the distressed and ruined Mr. Waltham."
"As you please, my lord," said Johnston, with n
sneer of cold triumph. "Your lordship has, no doiiltl,
your reasons for this condescending interference. But
this will serve to indicate the reception you are likely lo
meet with, while it will verily the truth of my as«'rlion ;"'
and, thus saying, he threw down for Arnwood's perusil
the foUowi-j. paper; —
" AVip ;/«;/. Mlh on. 18—
" Mr, Johnston is empowi red l.i re<piire Lord Am-
. ,5>,.'^??,.ft^W
■rt' j' •i',"i.>„.' ■ . •
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ifcliil
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S'.l ^ ■ ' !■'. ill
312
WAI-TIIAM.
i
( ys't. 1 ■ (., t '
w.
wood ill iKV naniu to obtain I'ur iiic iiistniit [lossi'ssioii of
the Pilnl's .Mark, nml the hiniishincnt from Ihc lui^'h-
bourhood nfccrti'iii persons who now occupy it ; upon liis
failing ot" payment of five thoiisiinil ponnds, owing tome,
as the representative of the late I.ady Arnwood. ■
(Siiincd) " RoBEar Hoi.ton."
" Mr. Simkin," said Arnwood, after two or tliree turns
across the room; "if I mistake not, I am not liable to be
compelled to pay my niotlier's debts unless at my own
option or convenience."
" You are quite liable to be compelled, my lord, Iiavin<j
acknowledged the debt as yonr own since your motlier's
decease, as I aia intbrined by Mr. Uolton, ill the pre-
sence of tliis gentleman."
" Is that the case, Johnston ?" said Armvood, with an
incredulous smile of a.stnnishinent.
" It is, my lord," answered Johnston, with a dark
expression of face. " Hut it will be unnecessary for
your lordship to give yourself any uneasiness about the
money. You have only to join your creditor in sending
these mysterious people almut their business, and give him
the Pilot's .Mark tor a time, — a most liberal oft'er !"
"Ha, ha, lial" laughed Arnwood, as he paced the
apartment, " how glorious it is to have the means of de-
feating the machinations of villains — have you my mo-
ther's bond, Mr. Simkin V
" It is here, my lord.''
" Your entire demand against mc, sir 7"
" Fire thousand and seventy-thrcc pounds, covering in-
terest and all expenses."
" Now, sir, there is your money and Mr. Bolton's
answer. Fiva thousand, and the balance in gold. It is
right .'" — and Arnwood reckoned out the amount, while
Johnston stood petrified with astonishment and horror.
" Now, gentlemen, have you any more business with
mc ?" said Arnwood, as he placed the bond carefully in
liis escritoire with the designedly overheard remark, —
" I shall see to the correctness of this most scrupulously,
depend upon it.''
"Our business is finished, my lord," said tlio lawyer,
with the grace and satisfaction with wliieli a lawyer
usually receives and buttons up money,
"Then your lordship is determined to protect and
countenance these sus]iicious characters in the Mark, in
despite of the wishes of Mr. Dolton .'" said Johnston, re-
covering his evident mortificalioii and amazement.
"Good morning, Mr. Johnston," said Arnwood, with
contemptuous scorn, as he turned away without deigning
a reply ; and the lawyer and Johnston, with dill'erent
views of the success of their morning's business, slowly
left the apartment.
The reader may well imagine that, weak and unprin-
cipled as Holton w.as, he had not been brought to ado]it
a line of conduct so unexpected by the ardent and gene,
rous Arnwood, and so fatal to himself if discovered, with-
out much internal conflict between his remaining dispo-
sition to justice and priidencc on the one hand, and his
rapacious avarice on tlie other. Although he at first un-
questionably intended to compromise with his conscience,
and endeavour to conciliate Air. Waltham, by giving up
to the latter a part of the wealth of whicli ho had un-
justly robbed him — yet, having in the jicrplcxity of
scarcely resolved good, and the temptation to further
criminality, nnliajipily fled to Johnston for counsel, the
latter soon showed him that he had only two lines of con-
duct to choose from. The one to which the squire was
inclined, he treated with ridicule and contempt, as lieing
not only pusillanimous, but dangerous : and, although
not without much bitter and reproachful altercation, he
at length contrived to induce him to adopt the one which
implied an adherence to, and an extension of, the original
guilt
It may appear strange that Mr. Bolton, conscious as
he was of being himself one of the most rapacious of
wcaJth-worshippers, should not have [wnetrated the mo-
livcs of Johnston in giving the advice he did. But by
this time his mind was so wretched, and so disturbed with
onxious indecision, that he had lost his natural shrewd-
ness; while Johnston, as is evident, had liccomc the evil
angel of the guilty man — not only from a fear of the
diminution of tlie sum he had promised himself with
Miss Bolton — but also from a hoiie that he should, from
iiis increasing influence over him, lie able to prevent Bol-
ton himself from marrying, and so ultimately inherit his
whole fortune.
Arnwood was still sitting in the seat into which he
tiod thrown himself after Johnston and Himkin had left
the room, gazing with the most prying earnestness into
the empty grate, without seeing any thing, when he was
sirouaej from his stupor by his wrvant announcing a
geiitlemnii, who waited to sen liini in the next upart-
nient. .Arnwood would Iriivo shunned, if it had been pos-
sible, the necessity of s|ii'iikiiig to any stranger in his
present state of mind, 'i'liinking, however, that a m»-
inent would snilice, he desired tlic stranger to be shown
in, as we shall duly record in our next chapter.
t:iI.\PTEU XXV.
A late event in our history, as well as some others in
progress, require us I'or their further explanation to trans-
fer our scene to a romantically situated, old fashioned
mnnsioii, about eight miles distant I'rom that coast in the
secluded neighboinhood of Arnwiwd castle, near which
the reader has been so long detained. The mansion we
refer to, was called Saltoun Hall, and had been for cen-
turies in the possession of one of those old families, who,
aceustniued to consider the wealth and local honour
which had so long descended from father to son, as a
right hereditary and unalienable, iiy which they were
exeniptcd from the common vicissitudes of humanity,
never dreamt that it was jiossible, in the nature of things,
that the fiiiiiiy of Sultuuii should not live at Saltoiui Hall,
or the scions of so ancient a line be otherwise than per-
sons of projierty and coiisequeuce.
The last inheritor of Saltoun Ilall, therefore, (a wi-
dower with tw o cliildren,) was astonished and confounded
beyond measure, when the course of events foreign to
our story, brought about so impossible a circumstance, as
that Uiey should be deprived of the antique home of the
family, and sent adrift into the world, to which they
were strangers, and whicli refused to recognise their
claims to indulgence, before they finally took their places
among the lower orders — from which the family had
probably, some generations before, originally sprung.
Nor was ama7.cment less, upon seeing that the turning of
the wheel of fortune had given llie noble and patriarchal
mansion of their fathers, into the possession of Mr. Jona-
than Wragg, some years Ix^l'ore a tradesman in London,
wlio had outbidden every other purchaser — and who, in
the course of a 3'ear or two, had even exhibited the into-
lerable presumption of working himself into the magis-
tracy, and assuming the style and title of Squire Wragg,
of Saltoun Hall.
Many were the wise reflections and profound apho-
risms upon the fickleness of fortune, and the mutability
of all earthly good, with which the aged Mr. Saltoun
ndeavnured to console himself t'or the loss of his estate,
over his |)oor dinner, and in his obscure lodging in Lon-
don, 'i'lic relleetions, however, it ninst be conl'esscd,
although deeply I'raught with wisdom, had never entered
his head until these last days; far less had tlie former
hunting ami fighting squires of Saltoun ever troubled
their brains with such everlasting truisms and umicces-
sary philosophy. Very ditVerent were the meditations
and coiieliisioiib of I\Ir. Jonathan Wragg, the new pro-
prietor, as he walked upon a terrace on his house-top in
the cool of the evening like king Uavid of old, and sur-
veyed the ]iicturesqup woods and parks of the fine Eng-
lish demesne, of which ho was now master, t'oncluding
with the great ehancellor Bacon, that man was the arclii-
teet of his own fortune, he applauded himself ibr many
acts ill liis past lite, of which most men arc incapable, or,
at least, would be deejily ashamed ; and looked with pro-
portionate pity and eoiitenipt upon the complaining and
the unfortunate ; particularly if they had not as hard a
check upon the ways of the world as hinisell".
Mr. Wragg was a pretty good specimen of a pros-
p.'rous m.an of the modern school, in this high-minded,
commercial country. A couple of bankruptcies in his
trade, and various other dirty adventures through which
he had passed in his early career, had pretty well har-
dened whatever feelings he originally possessed, and
fairly set him up in the world ; till at length, by means
of a connection with his brother, a clever soUcitor, he was
enabled to amaze his compeers by the purchase of a tini
estate.
Mr. Wragg having obtained tlio commission of the
[leace in this remote neighlMiiirhood, performed itfl duties
with a troublesumc and dangerous oflieiousncss. The old
■renlry round,'werc either too indolent and fond of plea-
sure to attend to the duties of the trust, or they chose to
live mostly in Ltmdon, or on the continent; and thus, in
the ordinary course of events, by which certain men get
up in the world, Wragg inadi^ himself known every
where, and was in the [lossession of evefy means that
could serve his interest, or forward his popularity. But
something too much, |icrhaps, of so common and con
tcmptiblc a character.
The recent robb<'ry at New Hull, naturally made such
important iiersonages us Mr. Bolton and Mr. Wragg
known to each other, and after some time brought tlitnj
together. Hut it was not until repeateilly (irj;,.,| i^.
Jiihnston, in fiirtherane(^ of his own views, tlint \\k lir-
nier was brought to decide upon taking a niorniiv>'« ri(t
to Saltoun, to consult with the worthy iniigistrnle, uinjii
the steps necessary to be adopted in order to bringr ||.,
delinquents to justice, wherever they might lie fouiiii-.
and, more particularly, to impress Mr. Wiagg with nus-
pieions of the harmless inhabitants of Ihc Pilot's Marl;
and so pave the way tor certain steps against tliciii if
such a conr.se should be deemed necessary.
Mr. Wragg was silting in his summer parlour onr
morning like lOglon, the fat king of Moab, eiijoyini; i||(.
pleasuri^ of looking round him, and doing nolliinn
when his sight was gladdened by observing a vehicle f[lu
at his donr, from which Mr. ISolton stepped forth, nccoii).
panied by Jiihnsion, evidently on a visit of businrs,
Mr. Wragg instantly arose to receive them, wlii('|||,r
did with that kindness and cordiality with which iln
proverb sailli fowls of a feather have at all times delighted
to flock together, and hail each other's presencf; m:i
after many salutations the three worthies coninicii(i.d
their consultation.
" I'ndoubtedly, sir," said Wragg, after a little convfr.
sation, " you are, as you say, somewhat unfortuiialcjv
situated, in your remote neighbourhood. In res|)cct of
that security of our prop«'rty, which is the very central
pur[iose of all our valuable institutions, and you beiDir
the only gentleman of real substance within many miles
of yon, it is little to bo wondered at that you should be
cx|io8ed to depredation. For as for Lord Arnwood—i)
the young man who inhabits the black castle neat you
is styled — between ourselves, I have ascertained prclly
well what is tlie weight of his purse, ha, ha '. and lords
are all very well where they don't ask for credit; but
you and I, Mr. Holton, you and I could buy this lord anil
his old tumbling ruin twice over, with his title and hi-
pride into the bargain, ha, ha, ha !"
" I have something that I can call my own, certainly, 1
sir," said Bolton, modestly ; " but New Hall is nothing tj
this noble mansion of yours, Mr. Wragg."
" You are pleased to overrate my bargain, sir, thouch
it wat a bargain," answered Wragg with a chuckle, Hut
was ludicrous even to Holton ; " though, to be sure, 1 1
ought to havo something to look at Ibr tile money I gave.
But concerning this abominable robbery; if there be any |
one whom you sus|)ect, sir, of being accessory tlicrelo,o
of receiving your proju'rly, and so forth, the law puts it I
in my power as a magistrate to grant a warrant upon
jirojier intbrmation, and I shall be most happy to"
" Your readiness to oblige, sir, is most praisewori'iy;
in fact, there is only one person whom I suspect, thaiii I
to say, not altogether suspect, but "
" Pray who is he, sir '"
" I do not think it necessary to give his name, nor to I
trouble you further, than to make an inquiry or two, it [
least until I leiirn more ; for, in fact, if the person in qnis-
tion will only leave the neighliourliood, which, perhaps,
he may yet be required to do by my neighbour, Lord Arn-
wood, who at present is pleased to protect him "
" Lord .\rnwood protect him ! just allow nic to make a I
memorandum of that ini|K)i'tant fact. I always make iiii'.
moranda ; nothing like regularity in business. Now, sir,
the name of the sus|)ccted [lerson, if you please."
" I would rather give a general description than name I
him at present, Mr. Wragg, nllhough "
"Oh, sir, I fear you will defeat the ends of justice by I
your lenieney. But just favour mc with some oecoiiiit I
in your own way of the man suspected."
"He is a strange, mysterious person, apparently re-
duced, residing near the sea, and pretending to live liv j
occasional fishing, but —
" Well, sir ; proceed."
" ."Vly friend Johnston can describe him further," m'. |
the scpiire, turning adroitly round to draw what lie uiiiitii
at out of his pliable companion.
" In plain words," said Johnston, glad of an opportu-
nity of showing his zeal, " this individual is a great eye-
sore to my res|iceted friend here, and lives in a large sus-
picious-looking place, called the Pilot's Mark, huvinj; I
certain men employed ostensibly as fishermen. He hj' I
the countenanee of a young nobleman, who is o«|«ofi|
comparatively, as himself, but to whom, for particular I
reasons of delicacy, I forbear too pointedly to allude." |
" 1 see it clearly," said Wragg ; " and tlioiigh I wouU |
not be ready to put such a name us that of liord Arn-
wood on paper in an ofiicial way — you undcrstaijd inc-
yet the reduced state and palpable poverty of the man
you talk of is a most suspicions circumstance, conncclfJ
with other things; so that the temptation to robbery
being immense, un cxuiiii>le ought to be made for ll"
"hi short, my lo
commission of the |
lieard, and in a dis
wlioin I called upon
cona-rning the best
tors uf the late nefai
it H'us at my own s
liints of the respectal
your lordship u|>oii
mined to do my of
lion of our properties
totiie bottom, I cam
with your lordship re
" Your conference
for, in fact, I can say
hiving been from he
the conference must
" Indeed !" said th
lously, as he looked i
papiTs or business.
" 1 meant to have tal
lordship through th
might insjicct in per
» likely to afford cc
the const; partieula:
PUol'sMirk,ttndifj
do nie the honour to-
" I cannot now, s
innovcd ; " besides,
" that is very strai
hu been lost by a ge
ap and goods of mc
"If I am to disci
Arnwood haughtily,
try there is no want
•nd power. It is the
lo be the MtHferers."
WALTltAM.
313
'""' Irouclii lilt,,,
.■atf.lly „rcHl l,v
u:\\!', that lilt r„;.
b; a morning's tid,.
inn;ri«trati', u|i(,n
ordiT to bring th,
niijrlit he Ibuuil^
■ Wiaegwithm,.
■ Ihc Filot'B Mark,
s against tlicm,ii
snry.
ininicr parlour one
loab, I'lijoyinj; i||(
d doing nolliins;
ving a vehicle sh],
ppi'd forth, nccom-
visit of buBinfss.
■c tlieni, whiti, |,p
y with which ih,
all times ddighlcil
cr'a prcscnm; uii
irtliics comnicaitj
ftcr a little convfr.
ilint unforlmiaulv
>od. In respect of
is the very central
ma, and you being
within many niilcii
hat you Bhoulil be
jord Arnwood— »s
;k castle near you j
ascertained prclly
ha, ha I and lords
ink for credit; but
I buy this lord and
th liis title and bis
my own, certainly,
r Hall is nothing iu 1
gg.".
largain, sir, though I
'ith a chuckle, lliat I
ugh, to be GUtc, 1 1
the money I gate.
ry J if there be any I
;ccssory thereto, or
th, the law pats ii
It a warrant upon |
t happy to"
lost praiseworiby;
II I sus|icet, thai is I
a his name, not to I
inquiry or two, at I
the person in quis-
d, which, perhaps, I
glihour, Lord Art-
Oct him "
How me to make a |
I always make nil'.
rsiiiCKS. Now, sir, ]
u please."
ription than name I
ends of justice h
,'itli some account |
ion, apparently if-
Blending to live liv j
him further," saiJ
•aw whtit he oiincii |
■lad ofanopporta-
iinl is a great eye- 1
ivos in alargnsus-
It's Mark, havin?
dicrmeii. lie lu<
1, who is as |i»i', 1
cm, for particular
tedly to allude." I
id tliough I ffoulil I
tliat of Lord Am-
J undcrstai.d inc- |
ivcrty of tlie man j
istanec, conncclcd ]
tntion to rolboiy j
be made for fc
iKoti'clioi' ol' property, la iihort, 1 feci lor your xituutioii,
jlr. Uiilton. Sliull 1 tuko your iiiforiiiatioii, sir? arc
i^ii willin'; to salutu the cult'-iikiu on tlio oubjcct I as
ir uw'd to say in tlio city."
" Allow inc to decline at prciient," raid Doltnn, " and, un-
\tit vou hear from mo again, I wish tiio mutter to drop."
"iVriiiit ino to observe," rcplieil Wrogff, assuming the
nmneiiuencc of olKce, " tliat this lenleiiuy to persons so
(,;)plcluus is not at all to bv comiiiciKleil, Air. Uolton.
4ii(l, in fact, as tho sword of justice is, in u sense, put
inlu luy hands for the protection of our lives and fur-
tumS I myself will volunteer to insjiect tlic suspicious
,p„l_aiid don't you think if I culled upon this Lord Arn-
uood, just in a Iriciidly way, I nii;;ht be able to draw
juiiielliiiig out of him that might be of importancn in the
jdiiir .' Upon my honour, gentlemen, I shall do this very
ijiiiig. I shall do it, really."
" It is too much, iMr. Wrugg — too much, sir," said
UKli, smiling.
" It is only iny duty, gentlemen — my houiidcii duty.
Our pr(i|iertics are too sucrcd to lie tliu.i at the mercy of
lliicves, or, at best, must suspicious characters. It has
al«aysl)ceuania.\iin with me tlirougli life, gentluiueii, to
fuspcet needy wretched peopiL — iMjrsous witiiout property
or consequence."
This ductrino greatly emboldened tlic squire in his in-
Iciided proceedings against the unhappy Wultham; ami
now .Mr. Johnston and he bowed and retired, leaving Ut-
ile Mr. Wragg in a short reverie, whieli he broke ub-
fuptiv by starling up, seizing his hut, and making the
best of his way to Arnwood custle.
We have belbre advised the reader that an intimation
nu uiaJc to Arnwood by his servant, of the presonee of
I stranger who requested an interview. Altiiough, in his
present state of mind, he could cosily have dis|>ensed
with company, yct,uncertuin whether the business might
not be urgent and of consequence to himself, he desired
Ihat the stranger should be admitted.
A tliin, smart-looking little man, in black, willi a short
neck and beetle nose, a square powdered head, red
ficcbled face, and globular protruding eyes, was ushered,
vilh iiiany bustling bows, into his lordship's presence."
"My name is Wragg, my lord; your lordship has
oileo heard of me, no doubt," said he, advuucing, and
smirking familiarly.
"1 fear I have not hud the pleasure, sir."
"No .' can it be iwssible ? But, to be sure, your lord-
sliip is rather out of the way of — that is — the weather is
very hot, iny lord "
"Your business witJi mc, sir," said Arnwood, impa-
tiently.
"Uli, there has been a most extensive and ulurming
robbery in your neighbourhood, my lord, aiid "
"Well, sir "
" In short, my lord, I have the honour to lie in the
commission of the peace, as your lordship may huvc
lieud, and in a discussion with a brother magistrate,
ulioin 1 called upon for advice in this important atTuir,
concerning the best means of discovering the |)erpetra.
tors of the late nctarious rubbery, I was advised (indeed
it was at my own Kiiggcslion) in accordance with the
liints of the respectable sutfercr, Mr. Uolton, to wait uimn
your lordship U|>on the business. And as I am deter-
•iiined to do my otlieial duty with zeal, for the protec-
tion (if our properties, and to probe every thing suspicious
to liie bottom, I came to have a little private conli'renee
vilh your lordship regarding this alarming ali'air."
"Yuur conference with mc, sir, must be very useless,
for, in fact, I can say little on tho subject of the robbery,
hiving been from home ever since ; and, in pluin trim
the conference must bo short, for at present I am busy. '
" Indeed I" said the little man, chagrined, uud incredu-
lously, as he looked round tho room and saw no show of
papers or busuiess. "Besides, my Ion'," he continued,
"I meant to have taken the trouble of walking with your
lordship through tho grounds of this castle, that we
might in8|iect in person certain old buildings and ruins,
K likely to utTord concealment to suspicious persons on
the coast; particularly a certain tenement called the
Pilot's Mirk, and if your lordship had leisure, and would
do nie tlio honour to "
" I cannot now, air," said Arnwood, more and more
innoycd ; " besides, I think it quite unnecessary."
" I'liat is very strange, my lord, after so much property
Ills been lost by a gentleman ao near you. Arc the dwell-
ings ind goods of men of property not to be protected ?"
"If I am to discuss this matter with you, sir," said
Arnwood haughtily, " I answer, that in this free coun-
try there is no want of protection for men of property
ind power. It is tho poor and unfortunato that are apt
lo be the sufferers."
" 'I'liis is singular language to me, my lord."
"Very hkely, sir, but so much the worse for the
feelings and properties of those who have little wealth to
spare."
" And docs your lordship refuse to assist mo in my
en(|uirics, and to accompany mc tlirough the suspicious
parts in your neighbourhuua ?"
" I shall give every ossistance in my power for the
ends of justice, when regularly culled U|ion in case of
any suspicious person being found ; but th^c are none
such that I know of in this immediate neighbourhood;
and, in short, I think any such ins]iection Ul-thned, un-
necessary, and, perhaps, ollicious."
'i'lii'se last words were spoken by Arnwood in a brief
and determined way, that showed lie was resolved not to
lie lietruyed into another word of discussion with the im
liertincnt intruder ; and, ringing the bell, Mr. Wragg
was prevented from further annoyance by a sternly civil
dismissal, 'i'lic chagrined and chop-fullcn little justice,
therefore, bustling awkwardly out, with u i ;ieeeli un his
tingue, took his departure, and, arter wandering about in
iiiieertaiiity till he tired himself, to no purjiose, turned fur
consolation towards New Hall.
The evening was somewhat advanced when Arnwood
proceeded in the ilireetion of the Pilot's Murk, for the ex-
press purpose of calling there, urged by a pri'sentiment of
evil, which, ho'.vever the incredulous may doubt its ex-
istence, docs, nev :rtlielcss, sometimes "ear' its shadow
before" to warn :';• of approaching calumit)
He wus not u little surprised, on entering tlie house,
at the iion-np|>earanee of i\iaeara or the sailor; and the
gloom und silenco that reigned cound, seemed to
announce the occurrence <>: .<onie 'itlden and undelined
calamity which Arnwood's fears were not slow to sliap<'
out and to magnify.
Proceeding silently, but in haslc, up stairs, I'ld receiv-
ing no answer to his rciieate'd tapping at the .. • • of the
sitting room — which ceremony he perfot' ; m lieu of
an introduction by the servant — he enter I siowly, and
discovered Miss Waltham, her bead resting in her hands,
upon the back of her chair, a .>- ;>.; tiosoin heaving witli
convulsive sobs.
She started, as a soft pre - re on .,. r shoulder renlled
her to consciousness, ami .aising her head, Arnwood
perceived not only by the traces ul tears, but by the dis-
order of her hair, and the paleness of her taee, that clie
hud been, and was still, under the intluence of eiitruorili'
nary agitation.
" Tell me, Agatha, I implore you," cried he, surprised
and concerned, " what is tlie cause of this excessive
grief.'"
" Excessive griet I ha, how t;'.n you say so, my lord '"
" What imun you, Agatha? how is this?"
"Can any grief tie called excessive under this new,
this last, this heart-breaking misfortune."
"What misfortune, Agatha? can any new trouble
have hupgieiied since I leu you, so lia|i|iy and so full of
hope last night I"
" Then you have not heard ? Why should you hear ?"
"No, Agutlia; I have heard notliing. Oh! do not
koe» me i" suspense."
" My in.i' . my poor, tmfortunate, heart-broken
father!" ••. t' • ■ was unable to proceed for tears.
" licxjd lieu' ens — what are you about to tell iiie ' How
is he ! Where is he ?"
" Gone — gone — dragged from me by ruflians, and the
house — iih, I shall go distracted !"
' s'or mercy's sake, let mc know all, Agatha. Who
dragged hiin ? whither has he been taken ?"
" To a jail ; to a common jail — to a dungeon — to bo
placed at the bar like a common felon ; to be judged ; to
be examined and witnessed against; to be tried for his
life ; to be accused of theft, of robbery — perhaps to be —
oh, (iod of heaven, keep me in my |K)or senses !"
"This is dreadful — dreadful!" but be calm, Agatha.
What could they (lossibly allege against your father?
It must be some error — some more mistake — some — "
" Whatever is alleged against tho unfortunate, is pre-
sumptively true," Buid Agatha, earnestly, but collectedly,
interrupting him; "and the world has not leisure to rca
son against its own ready surmises. In short, my fatlier
is neeuBcd of being iiccessory to the robbery nt tho house
of tlint dreadful villain, llnllon — and there is proof, my
lord — good proof— and he has been hurried off to prison.
Ah! Arnwood, my honoured, only friend," she contl
nued, clasping her hands, " had you seen tJic steady re-
signation — the placid calmness with which the sad and
humbled old man gave himself up lo the oilieers — whom
he piounly called heaven's nieniuls, appointed to cniiduct
him to his fate — had you but observed that suppressed
look of grief, and heard— oh ! could you huva licard tho
low struggling sigh which scarcely heaved his bosom,
yet with whieli his heart was bursting, as he bade mo
tiirewell, you would have — you would — oh my father ! —
my father !" — and tlio unliap|>y girl sunk down, over,
(lowered by emotion.
"Heaven and eartlil" exclaimed Arnwood — "tliis is
dreadful I"
" Hut I have not told you all— do not interrupt my sor-
row while I tell you how the dear old man looked in tho
midst of his grief. When 1 rushed nlUr him — when I
pleaded with him to suffer me to share his iiiiprisonineiit
— when, in my distraction, I even knelt at the feet of the
riillinns who were dragging him forth, and implored tlieiii
to allow me to follow him to his horrid cell — had you si:eii
how my father raised his bent figure lis he held up his
hand to heaven, and swore, with the pns.sioiinle dignity
of misery, that the |iersoii of his unhappy daughter sliould
never be polluted by entering the jviills of a felon's jail
— unless the lust necessity of bidding fan well lo nn ini-
liiippy parent should force her to waive the delieueies of
her nature, and require her to jienetrute the aliodes of
wretchedness and crime; — and he loiikid, my lord, at
tliut moment — he looked," lu r fi;;iire seiiniiig to expand,
as she stood lutilily in the moonlight, und extended her
arm upwards in llie abandonment of her sorrow — " he
looked like some sublime ixirsonitication of human woe,
and his voice sounded like a prophecy of his own fate ! —
UliGod! oh Uod! — Happy, happy mother! who bust gone
to thy quiet rest, and hast not lived to feel the unuttera-
ble anguish of this dreudliil hour !" — und the unhuppy
girl aguiii burst into tears.
" Hut, surely, Agatha," said ArnwotHl, after a pause,
"there must be something more than you huve told mu
about this strange occurrence."
" Sit down beside me," she answered, " and I will tell
you all."
"The (irst intiiiiatioii I received of this new misfor-
tune," she went on, " wus in the perturbed looks and bro-
ken surmises of our servant Mueara, who eame with
■ .'uthless liuste into the room where I sat; and presently
; mean-looking men entered the apartment, while tlio
"•ootehiiian clandestinely retired to a back passage, lo
observe what was to liup|)en. The men tiegan to (K'ep
strangely abc 1, a-d to question me with looks of horrid
familiarity. Ai ' ijth they proceeded unbidden up stairs,
vnd were nut e > the landing-place by iny dear astonished
father, while I followed trembling with indefinite terror.
The strungers then produced a pa|ier, and said they were
ordered to search the house lor property, lielonging to
Mi. Jtultun, of New Hall. My father, with the calm dig-
nity of innoctnce, ordered them to proceed ; when 1 be-
held with horror tlie oilieers bring out several pieces of
sil\ (T plate, which they tbuiid hidden in the passage near
iny unhappy father's own bed."
"Gracious heaven ! this is incredible."
The men exclaimed, " Here is direct proof against you,
sir — suflieient proof to hang any man; but I would ad-
vise you not to say a word that may criminate yourself,
for all that," added one of them, holding out the artichis,
and addressing my amazed father.
" And your father ; could he reply to tliis ?"
" Alas ! my lord, ul^er slariiiir for an instunt ul the man,
he burst fortli into a wild fearful luiigli, that shocked mo
still more than the occasion of it ; then letting his arms
drop idly by his side, he looked solemnly upwards, and
thanked Iieuveii that hiii unliapjiy fuM would soon bo ac-
I omplished."
Arnwood groaned aloud.
" After my pixir fatlier had intimated that he was ready
logo; the men said they had orders to find a |h i •<i m
named Macara; but when I looked round, I observed lliu|
our wurin-hearted Scut had mado his escape, and tliat
only Mary Reynolds was left, who wrung her hands dis-
stracted'y as she wandered weeping through the house.
I cannot tell you more, but tliat when I found that my
father was gone and our ruin complete, I sunk into a statu
of insensibility from which, when you entered, 1 had but
just revived."
" And is it thus you submit to your father's desola-
tion, Agatha 7 And does he submit lo be sent to a jail,
and tried for a vilely-imputed crime, without one eflbrt
to freo himself, and turn tlie tables un his hidden enemy ?
If his opinions lead him to tliis conduct, tliey ore mon-
strous."
" What is it you mean ' Wliat could my poor father
do against wealth and worldly cunning in a case liko
tliis? If heaven does not open a way for him to escape,
it will ut least enable my distressed parent and myself to
bear it."
" God above !" he exclaimed as he gazed upon her face,
on which a beam of tho moon now shone brightly — "Ihat
ft'
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344
WALTHAM.
r f
iJ'
r
BO imicli Iwiiiity und virlue should thus sufler, while
thnusamis ot' wrclchfs hut 1 shall l)CConie prol'anc.
And vol, Affiitha, in the midst ot" dcfjradatioii, obscurity,
and ilisapimiutuient, li't nic say onu thing— let nio ^rivo
uttcranrc to one wor I — let nic say "
"For heaven's saK^, Aruwood," cried Agatha, inter-
ru|)tijiuf hiiM, "do not s|H'ak and givui thus piuisionately.
Do not say any thing at a moment like this."
" You know what I would say, Ajjatha; 1 see you know
that my interest for you is intensely selfish — and ycl, I
wtlt say it, Uy the licaven that now looks down u|K)n us,
1 love you, Agatha 1"
" For Caod's sake do not talk so," she said, weeping
distractedly as she witnessed his ardour; "douots|K'ak
of lovo. I nuist not hear you."
"And do you refuse my love, Agatha?" he exclaimed
almost fiercely.
" No, Arnwood I dear \rnwood, no ! hut do not look
BO. Uo not speak of love to me. 1 am a j>oor outcast,
ur.happy girl—
" It would he an nggravntion of our mutual misfortmics,"
she eoiitinued more calmly — " and is an aggraviitiou of
them, at this moment — lor thus it ever is with deep feel-
ings and ardent wishes luuler the frowns of fortune. And
yet, I ronfcss i have had the iruprudenec to |H'rmit my-
self to fei'l lor you — " nud she looked up in his face in
the luoonliglit, while the tears streamed down her cheeks
u|K)n her clasped hands — " to feel for you a — a sentiment
— dee|ier even tlian gratitude."
'I'o descrihc the extacy of the lover, us he clas|M'd his
mistress tor the first time in his arms, v.ould ho su|M'rllu-
ous. Agatha did not refuse, in the exeilenient of sor-
row and of |>assion, to pleilge Arnwood her troth as they
stooil together ; Ihey vowecl themselves to each other with
uu awful, yet somewhat fcjrelKiding soleumity.
The night lireeze sighed sadly over the sea, and the
moon was quite down, ns they yet lingered together in
silent sadness. Vet thi'y felt and appreeiuled, even amid
llieir sorrow, the uus|Kakable consolation of that pure
Bvmpathy, which, like the white slone mentioned by the
I rophel m the Apis'alypsc, " No man can know save him
(0 whom it has been given to taste thereof."
CHAPTi:U XXVI.
We cannot describe the eonsternation with which the
)KH)r 8eolehm:iu witnessed the search at the Pilot's Mark,
and its eonsei{uenees; little lime was lell for considera-
tion, Kroin a small recess in the wall of the Mark, in
whieh he had planted himself, for the |iur|H)M' of galher-
iug, as well as eyes and ears would peruiit him, what was
going forward, he heard his young mistri'ss sereani, and
irMmedJately allcr his own nunc impiired for. Slipping
(juietly down tin' narrow stair-cuse, and through a back
passage, and just nninaging to obtain a parting salule
from .Mary Heynolds, with a hasly injinntion lo keep up
her spiiils, and to slay close by her mistress until he
should make his re-ippcaranec innler more promising
circumstances, he set oil' in search of Wealherslieel,
whom he naturally deemed in similar jeopardy, ami away
they stalled, urging their Might fur the shore togclher.
" Kin, ye dcevil, riii," was the cry with whieli he con.
tinned lo goad the sluggish energies of Hie sailor, who,
floundering away by his side with a heavy and awkward
roll under the elitl's, made what speed he wits able, from
tilt! niero hubit of passive ulH;dieiicu to his more spirited
messmale, but withoul the smallest understanding whcre-
I'ure he wiui thus euinpelled to put forth such unwonted
energy-
" Will vc not rill, ye lumb'riug slot?" cried Murdoch,
IIS the sailor Is'i^aii to Hag. " De'il nor ye lii' into the
hands o' the IV:a(;les, fur yu tnijjie iiiv thruu knots ut leusl
by the log."
"If I pull any harder I shall jiosilively founder, and
turn, keel up, over these stones and sea-weed," said the
sailor, liloH'iujf like h wliale. " i sliiill haul in canvasH di-
rcclly as soon lis we weather this point tu larboard, if the
devil himself was in chase.''
"I'oidiiuiid yon, riii, for five luinulcs longer, at least,
for they can see us from the iMnik as plain yet as I sir
the nuked llugstair o' the unld ensile aboon ; iiii' if the
beagles, un' the lawyers, an' the sipiircs ciileh puir fal-
lows like us, just now, we'll Is: lugged in wi' the iiilsliir-
times o' my puir iiiaisUr, un' halloing or IKitiiiiy Hay will
Is' III" leusl o'l."
" .Vol n leg lurlher," said the sailor, sloppiii;; doggedly
by llie jsiiol, " until I know Is tier what all this erowdiiig
ufeanvuss isnlMiiil; ami if the bullitrs or pirates, or wliat-
iver else, eoiiie alonnsiOi , why we'll have a yaid-aim anil
yurdariii sel-lo for it, that's nil,"
"Jinl u wee bit further. Will," «u id MurdoHi, molh-
iiigly, and pulling him along, " I tell you innocent or
no, we're lleeing friie danger and trouble; llecing like
birds frae the snare o' the lowler, Bui, truly, sic a bird
as you for lliglil,\Vill Walhersheet, 1 never yet saw take
the wing,"
" I'll pull an oar with any man," said Weatliershect,
ehafed, " but blow me if 1 tbundcr myself in this land
cliace, at least uiilil I know from what ipiarter the foul
weather comes, that drills us so fur out of our course;
and even now, I shall very soon lack about, if the devil
should be to face, unless I get pruiicr sailing orders, and
learu what land's ahead."
" Weel, ye see, William," said Murdoch, as they slack-
ened their pace, " some men are born lo trouble an' vex-
ation Just as the sparks tleo upwards, an' nothing will
stop or aviTt them but the strong hand tliut sends gude
an' ill tu man; an' so my puir inaister has been in nue-
lliiiig hut frae nc misfortune into another ever since I
knew him, until now — 'till at last tlicy liac accused him
o' this robbiry ut the squire's, un' his distracted proud
heart 'II bo broken ae way an' another, 1 con sec — that
'II bo the end o't."
" .Vnd you have left him at his last pinch, just when
his pumps won't work any longer, and he's going down
lo Davy, you (Scotch IiiIiIkt — I'll not pull another our
with you on this cowardly conr.se; if his old hulk can't
Ik' kept longer above water, I'll stick to his broken tim-
bers tu the last, and then I'll go down with him into the
deep, like a scaninn,"
" llooly, William Wuthcrshcet — hooly a wee, till I've
tell'il my luh'. What gude would we do to gac back
to put oursells into the jiiws o' a jail an' the law, without
a shilling to pay for justice, an' without nu word said torus
but our uin lale,wliicli would be uac iiiair minded by judge
an' jury, than I would mind a blast o' wind frae the lowii
side o' I liiil Hill. An', ye see, as you an' I were without
doubt wanileriiig aliout New Ha' that niorning, un' 1 was
seen by line o' the squire's fat llunkeys at least, wi' a
sword in my liiiiid, I tell you, without saving our puir
heart-broken niaislcr, who was out himself that dreadful
night, — why or wherefore is beyond my ken — circum-
stanlial evidence, an' the squire's siller, an time laiig-
longiied lawyers, would hang us bailli ns clean as leeks."
" And what, in God's iianie, do you mean to do, and
where are you bringing me?"
" 'I'o l.unnon, -Mr, Wathershcet."
" 'I'm London ! are you mud ' I'll go to the North Pole
or the Ked Scu first,"
"To l.iiiinon we shall go, as straight as we cau steer,
if the wind will bide liiir," said Murilish determiiia cly ;
" an' iioo ye 're luiiiuii'il, Willi.iiii Walhersheet, iin' un-
ilcr iiiy eoinniaiKl ; — an' if yc mutiny on the road, by
my fiilli I'll hue yon iiili)riiied against, an' hanged by the
way, beliire ye even get a sight o" the miieklc punch.
IiohI that's whmnlet on the top o' St. Paul's."
Wcalliershrel was so aeeustoiiied lo sueeiinib to the
sii|s'rlor intillect of the ready Scot, that he made no rc-
plv, but eiiiitimied to plod on. As they passed under the
old liiirviiig ground at Ihi rear of Ariiwoisl C'ustle, the
sailor poniiered eonfusi illy, as he went, ii|)on the proba-
ble jilaii of his niessinule, which was beyond his eonipic-
hension, but which he at leiiglh ventured to inqiiii -iboul
more parlieiilirly. In answer, Murdoch thus coiiliiiiied :
'Vn' so, William, we muiin just go lo I<iiiiiioh by back
roads an' bye roads, if we can, for ye see that is the place
lor a' the lilaekL'iiards, un' thieves, an' tliiel'-takers In the
kingdom ; an' we'll find out wha really robls-d the sipiirc's
lioose, an' parlieiilarly anciil a wci- Ihii I'lliey ca' Sainm^,
W'lioni I shrewdly siis|H'ct of hiding the silver things in
the Pilot's .Mirk, lo lurii the scent oil' the real thieves,
an' lo get our puir maistci siid us iiilo this trouble; for
Pll gie iiiy bilile oulli I saw liiin, or his like, lurking Mboiit
Inst iiighi among the planting, though Lord .Arnwood
^ihoii'd an' pliiHsl at me liir saying it. Hut that's not
diiiiia interrupt me. Will WutherHlicel — I mean t"
get anitlier tiling in Liniiiiii that 'II do muir for the nli-
tuiliing o' jiisliee in this, the case o' iiiy d iilcil nias.
ter an' iiiysel, than imglil else under I'rovideiiee. 1 iiieaii
In get siller, William, siller 1"
Li short, the talkative Scotchman Informed his ciiin.
pniiion thai, having ii brother in Lniidoii, who was a
tbrivin^r mail, it was his intention lo proceed forlhwilh'
to liiiii, mid gel IVoiii him the iiicaiis of iirocnring siieh
videiiee and such legal iissislanre as would probablv ob-
tain an ellii linil anil s{h edy iiiqiiiltul of Mr. Wallliam,
ns well IIS liiiiisi It' iiiiil Weiilhershi el. As (iir their pri-
si'iit Ilighl, he argued that by it they woiihl not only avoid
till' misery and iiltimale ri><tl of eoiiimilinciil and incuree-
rnlion niiiler so serious a charge, liiil would bo enabled
by till ir enerlloiis to a\i rl n iiiislbrtinic, iinilcr which
their uiiha|q>y iiinsttr was too likely tu ailik.
It being far in the allcrnoon when Murdoch nnii ||i
companion took their lliglit from the Mark, by the tin,,
they had travelled about eighteen miles, it had Ihch loi,,,
dark, excepting »n occasional dim light which Uu- nioni
threw over the lonely landscape. The spirits wlili «1|]||,
the poor travellers had set out was completely gone, m,\
they l)egan to feel sorely tired and distrcssed,anil to loi.k
wistfully around them without sjicaking, for some house
of entci'tainnienl and rest,
" Och, och ! iMr, .Macara, but this land lravellin.r i, j
sad thing," at length said the sailor rucfiilly,_Qg |||.
limped hiinely along, "(jivo me a whole day's lii-aii,i.r
ut the windlussi rather than this; I wonder wjm in,„|Jj
travel by land ns long ns there was a fnthoiu nf sea ,„
even fresh water, lo sail over. Do you not see niiv son
of cabouschousc ahead, Murdoch, over this disniul moor
for 1 uiii coiilbinidedly hungry."
"Come awa, Walhersheet," said the Seotclimiiii m-
couragingly. " Ye're a vera guile fallow, except for tjjai
eoiislant yearning in your stomach."
"O, that I were silting this minute, as I ought, un tlic
wcathcr.liow of my poor master's yawl," said the saik,:
sorrowfully — "just coining in with my lisli nller ilii.
night-tide, und looking out for the cobble-stone in the IV
rail's Creek. Hot there is nothing here to remiml nno
of the sweet sound of the waves along shore at Arnwooil."
" Or the sweeter sound o' Mary I'cynold's frying.pGn
skirling wi' the fish (or supiier; an' the bleczing fl,jl
gleaming fra" the Murk us yc gang liaine wat an' wearr,
an' the smell n' the butter un the iiigans like .\ral)iii :
humph I man, it 's enough to gie ane the crump i' the sto.
macli to think o 't."
" .Vlurdnch, arc yon sure you have nothing nl all ol'tli,'
prog Icll?" said Weatliershect, earnestly, his iiioiilli jjusli-
ing water at the Scotclmian's leinptiiig description.
" The dcevil a morsel," said Murdoch, willi n look of
despair.
"i;od help us I and no port ahead ! To be ii|xin short
allowance so curly in our trip, and beating ahoiil Inn-
wilhunt chart or compasi: and nothing in the brend-nioin.
neilher prog nor grog. I cannot hold out, I'll heave to!"
and poor VVeatlicrshect, folding his legs under him with
the grace of an elephant, tumbled himself down on Uu-
sotV sod by the edge of the country load on which llioy
proceeded.
" I'll tell you what. Will Wutherslicet," said Murdoch,
calling also u halt, und seuling himself be'sidc liis gruiii-
bliiig companion — "if your Btomach would only kiY|i
quirl, we 're a deevili-li deal heller here under tin- wUf
sky, ullhoiigh it be lilaeU an' d.irk even now, an' lyini; sar
sol) on this bonny green turf, that smells lisc a rose,lli,iii
in the slone-rooni under the jeiveller's lo-K an' key la
Harelicsler jail wi' our sorrowfu' maistcr; och, oilil an'
there's puir Mary lieyiiolds, an' our si- eel lady Aiiatlii
— silling by themselves greeting their ecu liliiiil, me
doubt, in the Pihit's Murk, while we arc on a pleasant
jauiil lo Liinnoii."
As ihey coiiliniicd to murmur and cnpiforl each otliir
nllcrnalely, while resting on the sikI, the extreine stilli-isi
mill solitude of their siliialion was atler some time liriikrn
by the sound of approaching footsteps, which Ihey hearil
long before the truveller drew near the s|iot where liny
sal.
"There's smue comfort for us at lust. I hear « fill"
said .Murdoch rousing himself— " get up, Will Walliir
shei I, und let us hail Ibis li'llow. He 'II at least Is- -M-
to ti II us our way ; get up, man, nn' put yourself in sail-
ing trim, an' let us not Ix' lying here under n lied(;e like
Iwa tinklers."
With Kiiine dillicully the uearied sailor was iniliKi'il to
take lo Ills feel ngiiiii, und forward ihey weie Irnilt'int
slowly, as a stout iiiaii in n light gient coat, and currjni:;
a biinillc, came ii|> at a good pace.
"(iood night, good iiiglil," were the words cxclinnpil
between the three, as the stranger would have piiasiil.
" ll's weary walking in the dark, tViend," «aiil .Miir
doeli, striving to keep up with him.
" lliil yon were sitting, or lying down just iioiv," caiJ
the mail Moinewhut suspieioiiHly.
" Ve hae glide sight 111 the dark, neiglilwiiir," raiil
Mindoi li iiiiihiiintcdiy. "'I'weel we were JHst rislini'kv
the loail side, an' might hao do/i d u bit, the piiikhsk*
were crooking sue iiii:,4leiil In'sIiIi' us; but if yi- iiiiMUi
ki 11 the iMitli, sir, we eoiihl iiae sleep a wink fur liillil.'i'r "
" The loo book iieier told truer," said Weallirr«lii'i'l,
ill ti rniiniil lo s|s'uk ip when lisiH wns incntiniiiil. "miil
so we iiiiist liillow yoi;, sir, like two sharks in the "lial
lows, lo tiiiil our reckuiiing, ui well us to till our kIu
inuelis."
The iiiiiii was al first a litlh' sinrtlid ut this pilliv up
peal from no powerful a muii us WLallicrihccI, Inil »IV'
,,„lllcrartlier colloiiu
I lie promised lo bring
I ikiiii: substantial to
I •kJ.'Iii!.'. "ly Iritiids,"
I lijiliiT-lxds are not ti
Ifoucan'twalktheni
I y,ji iiijy sle'ep on the
O'lr tr.ivcllers were
J ,.r-, furious about wli
Ijiidonlhe three triii
I „,rrii«- lane, it soon
I JRius'', »hi<'l>. "I'ill'cr
1 1|,„|.«', slooil naked an
Ihplh- '''i"'y "■'•''■''
, nlirc more like a a
I ilk and the strange
J li«i,*liolil bread, with
I «i« |iro(hieeil, and s
I »liifli Weiitliershect
J iiiiiiri'ssioii, washing t
[di'sour nle, the ucid
I oiml liy the eager :
I thioal.
- it'll be a dear job
1 iiionitury wliis|)cr tj
J (liokcn ill his own crti
I iiinisliini'nt on the des
I Ho voracious sailor,
Iforllialsourdi-ink, Wi
I IS llii' stranger's back
-First let us niaki
xjkiiii: as well as liii
"(ioll.^Jke, man, wil
I ihil Jry cheese," said
I wilclii'il llie endless (I
I am's four broiisl, jus
lliulsas an' saxpencc i
I Lunnon."
"Trust in providen
Inilli liin usual earclei
ImMsilraughl of the a
In spile, however, ol
I inch's heart was bcgit
limtliir good draught
Iwliirh, thiiiigh sadly ue
linJho a:id the slraiigi
lli'.'.'thi'r in the iniisl joi
Ibi |iloasaiit chalVering
It iiioiilli was deareil ;
liilhpriih' and envy of
IliiiiM'll' In the former,
lihifl'!! ililight, until ti
llkfjlranger pro|H)siiig
I Mnd jacket and caiiva
lull iK'rame Hie othe
IWralhiTsheel pulling i
liiiilliat of the iiiun, iii
IfWTj n|ipenraiiee, oft
"Hut wlial'll he to pii
|illrii);lh, said Murdoel
luiliir ('usl of all this g
"IMIIook like a .1
Jttiv'" suiil the straii)
litiilaanil forwards in
lw!«r look like Hie ga
liouM si'ori, lo exact |i
Icirilr, whimi they alig
luiilfius voyage of lite,
ln:l' Dull't melllion I
ImoiuuiI ilraiik; but i
lit' liavi' llie pleasure of
iKiiiiin'i, juikel, und 1
|>«iit«ith whii'h I havi
•l'inmi'>'s value, what
|> - 1 !l IS my hinnour I
h»' Scotihiniiii was
|u ilraniicr's liospilalil
l«iiii«mhil, whih' Weall
Ihotlii-r'n ilrah coal, ai
|ilniii,vniN-< ,.f the iirop
''1 iiiot III his lile as
_!' ■"Unsraiiian-hke an
l-Mii'in, niih his aeeii
l«™illii'Sciilcliiiinn's II'
l^iinksh hHikiil first at
I'Mlii jarkit, iniil sisin |
■•ilh n ili'i'isinn whieh a
I " rill' ''oat is siii«rfi
|'"«l worth three n' t
■"illHalhuriihwI. Til
WALTHAM.
:i\r,
IS I ought, on tlic
i" snid the sailc;
'ly lish nller llir
i-stoiiu ill the I'l.
<-• lo remind onr
lorp nt Arnwcmil."
Hold's frjing.]Kj,^
the bleejinjT (i„,
ne wat an' weary,
ntiH like Ariiliiil:
jrrniiipi' the sto.
To Iw M|)on shnri
eating almnl hirr
II the bmid-riioin,
lit, I'll heave Inl"
H under him ivilli
isclt' down on llii'
id on which lliev
iiliirt eueh nlliiT
'Xtreme Hliileew
line time broken
/liicli they hiMrd
»|iot where they
r wiiH indiieed In
y weie IriidirMiL'
ml, iiiid currfi!!;'
I lillle further (wllo(|uy, prineiimlly with the Scotclininii,
I L, priiiiiised lo bring tlieni wlioru tliey hIiouUI linvu soino-
ihins substanliiil to satisly their Imiiger ; " but as llir
y„"i,,r, my I'riciids," continued lie, grullly, " sheets anil
^jijjor.beds are not to be had within ten miles, and if
,(,« can't walk the niglit wateli, like bravo I'ellows, why,
vjiniay sleep on tlio sod like many better men."
llir ir.ivellers were too jrhid to hear of virtiials, to hi'
,vr, lurioiH abmit what further this speeeli might iiii{ioi't,
Ijiijnalln' thn'c trudged together, when turning up a
I jirrow liii"'' i' "<""' brought tlieni lo n small Hipiare
l»ii*i'. whieli. ueitlier quite like a cottage nor an ale-
kpiL*, sUtod naked and dark by the side of the solitary
|l„.,,;ilh. They were admitted by a door at the end into
linlareniorc like u Btoreliouso lor jjrain than aught be-
I iiao, and the stranger striking a light, n large loaf ol'
I tawliold bread, with meat, cheese, and other provender,
I ,jj produced, and set lu'lore the liimgry men; upon
I tliicli Wealhcrsheet in particular soon made a sensible
I |in|irf9iiioii, wasbiiig the whole down with long draughts
Lfsoiir ale, the acid (|ualily of which was never per-
I (And liy tlie eager imbibers, until they were filled to the
I ihf*'''
"it'll be n dear job this, I'm fear'd," said !\Iurdocli, in
I I monitory whis|)cr to his companion, us, beginning to
Isliokin in his own ctl'orts, he continued to look with as-
I lonislnncnt ou the destruction of |/rovender and liipior by
I [kt voracious sailor. " What do ye think the niaii'U charge
Iforlliatsour diink, Will Watliershect," ho added, as soon
I IS till' stranger's back was turned.
■ first let us make sure of it," said Wcatlicrslieet,
Kikini; IIS well as his crammed iiioutli would allow him.
»i;()d»akc, man, will yc never be done worrying at
I lial dry cheese," said Murdoch, losing all patience as he
I niclad the endless devoiirer; "an' then yc drink the
I.Tira's snur broiist, just like a whale, never considering
llMsax an' saxpence is a' the siller I hoc to curry us to
I LuniioM."
•rrint ill providi'iice, Mr. Macara," said the sailor,
Itith !ii» usual careless expression, after another eiior-
I mous draiiirhl of the ale.
In spile, however, cf the calculation of the cost, INIur-
docli's heart was bi'ginning to warm wonderl'ully, nller
linothir good draught of tin! readily supplied drink;
li(kicli,lhoiigli sadly acid and stale, did not luck strength,
linillio and the stranger began to talk and crack jokes
I Ijti'thi'r in the most jocose nnd liarmonious manner. In
lto|ileai«iit chart'eriiig the sailor soon joined also, when
Ifemoiilh was cleared ; nnd when the host next talked
I lilh priije anil envy of the marine oeciipation, addressing
1 liiiiufir In the former, nolhiiig could exceed Wcnlher-
Jih'ct's delight, until their good undcrstaniliiig ended in
lllic>:ranger pro{H)sing to try how he shiinlil look in the
Iroand jacket and ennvass-covercd hut, which, lie said, so
Itfll l»'c:ame Hie other. This frolic was followed by
JWrailiersheel pulling on the liglit-cohiiired great coat
lindlial of the man, iiinid the coniplimentrt on his ini-
Ipnwd appearance, of the others.
"Hut tthal'll he to pay lor our < ntertaiiimcnt, friend ?"
Ill Irii^'lli, said Murdoi'h, his mind running forbodingly
luillii' colli of all this good cheer.
"IKillook like u .lew or n publican, in this manly
J cuss "said the stranger proiidlv, nn he strodi^ back-
liirdi and forwards in the Haibir'it clothes. "Do I not
Iriiiitr luili like the gallant smi of n pnd'cssioii which
IraldHeiiri. to exact payment fi'inii the hungry uiiil tlii'
Ihtdy, hIioiu they alight npini ill the course of tlii' lia-
luiiius voyiige of life, willi the signal ol' distress liimg
Inl' Don't iiieiilioii money, friends, liir what you have
I'llrn and drank; but if you will do mo a kindness, hi
liu'liavellie pleasure of wearing this coarse, yet enviable,
Ikjiiiin'ii jaekel, and I will giv.' yon iii eveliungc the gar-
lii'iititilh which I have jiisl parted; altliough, in point
|i'lNiinii'j'a value, whiil I give is more than double worth
'I il mniy hiiiiiour to lake in eschange liir il. '
Ilii' Sciitihiiiaii was ninking his nekiiowlcdgmeiit liir
|li« «lrnni(er's Imspilality with llii' grnlitudc the oeeasinn
|*imiulrcl, while WcathersliK I was Burveyiiig himself in
III* iilliir'n (Irali I'oal, and diseiissing in his own mind the
lilMiU'i ne»s "( the |iro|Hmal and the iin|si»siliilily of^n li
I'l itral Ml Ills lib' as his ever U'eoining the wearer of
|C' 11 unmiiinanlike an arlieh', when lie gave a look to
IMvin, wilh his ai'custiimed Huhniission, to nseertiiiii
|>lHlll»'Seo|eliinnirH miiiil was ii|hiii sodonblful a |Hiiiit.
IMqnjiMh liHiked first nt the ipialily of the coul and then
lillliijarkil, and MiKUi gave his opinion in n whisjier,
I'lllisileeininri which at once setlh'd the biisincHn.
' I'll! I'oiil Is Hii|» rliiic double. milled claith," lie said,
l"™t wiirlli three o' thai luiry blue jacket o' yours,
|"ill Wathcriiliocl, The tnnii iiiniiii Ixi mad to offer you
sic a liar^aiii, t'orbyc the hat. Aye, cnlcli at u bargain
when ye can get it — that's my advice."
The exchange was in conseipienee of this monillon in-
stantly agreed to, not without some sulky uneasiness ini
the part of Weathershed ; nnd soon after, .Murdoch and
he rose to depart, their spirits having been furlher enliv-
ened by a still' buiii|H'r of brandy wliiili the strnnger pro.
diiecd from a stinie bollle he ban nikcd out lioiii under
sonic Max at the finlber end of the apartment.
" Ve're a generous, honest fallow," snid Murdoc!!,
shaking the man heartily by the liaiKl ns tlicy stood al
tile door; but hearing a sort of giggle at tlieiiionu'iit,aiid
chancing to hiok upwards to the ciiling he perceived the
head of a boy thrust down between the joists, the face
iidorneil with a grin. The sudilen apparition as suddenly
vanished, and he caught only a single glimpse of the
countenance of the coneialed iirehin : yet there was tiiiii
<'iioiigli for the idea of that very Sammy of wlioiii he
was in (jiiest, lo Hash across his mind. Murdoch, how-
ever, had not a inomeut to ascertain the fact, but instantly
departed ; and as it was completely dark, the stranger
further oll'ered to eondiiel our travellers to the nearest
piihiie road, which he did, leading them across several
fields, so that when they limnd Ihemselves nt leiiglh on
hard grounil they were |ierfeelly unable to tell in what
direction ihc house stood in which they had been enter
tuiiied ; and tiirtli they proceeded by thVniselves with al
the suspicion on Ihe iiiliid, at least, of the Scot, wliicli
the strange condiiet of the man, and the nnexpeclcd a|
pearanee of the hoy, whom he was almost assured was
8ainmy, gave rise to.
Heliiro they had proceeded two miles ftirlher, however,
tlio droury solitariness of the way — liir il was now per-
fectly dark, and the renialning faligiio of the previous
day, togetjier with their hearty supper and drink, 1
came (|iiito overpowering; and Murdoch, alter two or
three v.-iiii elVorls to look abroad thiougli the darkiii-
finding the turf by the road-side leinptingly soft, pro-
po.sed a hall, which was gladly acceded toby iiis drowsy
coiiipaiiion,uiid down tlicy both slid upon the luxurious
sod, and in two iiiiimlus their cures and suspicions were
Ibrgollcn in lieuvy and prutbuiid repose.
CIlArTKR XXVIl.
They who liuvo drained the cup ol vidupluonsiicss to
the dregs, have never in lliiir lives, probably, enjoyed
the luxury of sleeping on u road sido in the open air,
under eireuiiisluiicim llnit made it so delicious to our
weary pllgrliiis ; who never stirred or awakined until
the sun began to hliine through the Iranspareiicies ol
their eyelids, and the warbling of the lark began loiiiix
In their slumbers with the soothing dreuins of iiinrniiig.
'I'lie Iravelli rs were awake belli, les ; aiid having shaken
Ihuiiisclves in the primitive and natural manner that
llie patriarchs ilid oj'old when they slept in the tields by
night, ilicy set lurtli highly refreshed and in iinineiiM'ly
good spirits, to pursue tlieir journey.
After walking soiiiu hours, tlii'y cntcreil n pleasant
village, uiid ttern just debaliiig in vvliieh of the inviling
piililie houses they might best satisly thoir renewed ap-
petite, ofwhich Wealiiersheel began again to complain,
when they observed a ciovvil round a post on which was
placarih'd a hami hill, which iiulurully ulso uttracted
their allenllon, ami they slopped among the rest to read
it. The papei proved lo !iii a notice, or local prochiinn-
lioii, ii|;urdiiigu riililierylalely eo'iiinilled In this neigh-
lioiirhiHid, and piirtieiilaily deseribiiiK, with a viuw to
his uppreliension, a lobiisi man wearing u light great-
eont, as miic of the persons siippoMil to huvu been eoii-
eenieil in il. 'I'lie heart of i\l:irilocli came to his inoulli
il the |M'rii\al ; and pulling the giping sailur by the
arm, he hurrieil liioi out ol the vlllagi' wilhoiil his break-
la si, ami wilh 1 Ilier satisllieliini than a lew liasly
excbimations and oaths, n InngiiagK so terribly .Senteli,
thai even Wciithersbecl could not iiiiiUe iniieli ineaning
Hilt of it, while III piiliently and I'loni liabil subinilted
lo the w III of Ins eoinpaiiion. Iliil all naliiie is furnished
wilh what I'liley calls compensations, iiinl aiiimalH who
do not reai.oii are generally compensaleil by a larg"
share ofnlulibiirnness, which, with them, aiiswersall the
purpose of relleetion, saves inticli time and knowledge,
and is, besides, u most useful and easily undersliuul
siilisliliiln for ileciMoii ofeharaeter,
Aecordiiiglv. Will Wealiiersheel, hy Ihe liiiin they
had proceedeii alsnit a iiiile ftoni Ihe village, and weie
alniosl vvilbin Inil of a small publle house at a cross
road, wilh a w hill biiaid over ihe dmir, and the smoke
culling lempllnglv from Ihii chimney, began lo iniiliny
niccoiid (liii(i,nii(l (lolibernloly ('iMi'^n<(a, nwouriiiK tliut
he would not pull nnother onr unless it were into port
liir brcakliisl.
"Wliatilo ye mean ?"' snid iMurdiich, gny.ing iiidig-
naiilly al liiiii as he stood stoek still, " .-standing tlicro
looking bcbiiil you, like Mrs. I/ot?"
•' What is the use of our running ourselves out like n
sand-glass?" said llio sailor; ''Ihe morning wnteli is
long gone, and nc shall liuvo hreaktiist, or put licliii up,
by gad."
" Dc'il be in your wnnie. Will Wathershi el ; bill yc'll
be hanged for't yet. Will yc no come on ?'
" Not n liitlioiii till I see the brcakliisl kettle; nnd if
we arc to be hanged let us die with n lull belly. He-
siiles, .Mr. Scolcliman,'' added the seaman, hiokiiig as if
he wonid aryul'y, '• what is the u.se of rmiiiing all the
log oil' the reel in this confounded scrape, as if theio
was no one niolt lo mind us poor fellows ,' If you were
a thorough scannin instend of a half and half land lub-
ber, ns you are, you would know that il is no u.'-'c shill-
ing lo windward, and that fair and linil weather como
alike from heaven : so all we have got lo do is to stand
by the canvass, and pull and pump until the gale blows
out ; and il'we go down, why our time's coiiie, uii'l it.'"
" Ity my sang," said .Muidoeh," "yi^ talk just like my
inaislcr liimscll, Lord help us! we maun just siibiml,
and i wndnu be surprised but we were a' hanged thc-
gillier, like the three weavers o' Tbnrbowton."
Discussing thus, in hiiinbler l,in(;uage, they entered
the public house, and soon u clean and substantial brcak-
liisl was laid lielore lliem, of wliicli Ibey look, us tlio
Seotehman said, "ample |M'iiiiyworllis.'" They wero
just discharging their reckoning, and preparing llir the
road, when two men of tliut eipiivocal hulf-geiitlemanlv
ap)iearaiiee, and air ol lown-biecding, which carries
such weight in country parts, entered the house. The
two strangers looked al each other, nnd smiled know-
iiigly, as they entered; nnd when Wealhersheet got up
lo depart, Ihey stepped liirward and polilely begi;ed that,
as he was just the picliiro of u person liir wliuin they
were in .search, he would eniidesiend lo consider liliiiself
their prisoner.
" I've made sure of my breakfast, however," said the
poor Icllow to Mnrdoch, after he had recovered from his
first surprise ; "this comes of my hauliiii; down my jnek
and sailing under false colours, but it is all one," ho
added, gallantly, as the man brought him ocii.
" What do you follow us liir, my friend '" said one
ol'tlie men lo .MuiiIih li, liir the taller, without speakiii(f,
was proceeding along wilh tlieni.
" lie's an iiii o,'ent man thai you are taking up, firs,"
said the Scot ; "and I mean to gang bclliie his betteia
wi' hliii, and see him righted,"
" Do you, faiili ' you have mueli lo do.friend. If your
business is particular in the line of rigliliiig llio iniii)-
cent, that I can tell yon. Tin n I suppose you mean
to go into the dock to plead guilty yoinself, .Mr. Uoii
(.juiiote the seconil ' If so, come along."
'• I'll tell my t:ile before ijitiir belters, when we'rfi
lironghl llicre," said .'\Iuriloeh; " I'or ri^jlil's right niul
Irulli is Irulli, nil over the world."
"No doubt, honest friend; but right and Irulh, liko
many oilier good things, are not alw.iys the readiest al
liiiiid ; but il you iiilt inierliie with our biisincss, wliul
is your liile, if it please your Scoleliiiniiiship'"
Mnrdoch here enlered into the story ol'the changinjj
of the I lotlies, but was i|iiilo unable lo enlighten the
inipiiiers as lo where till' house was siliialed in wliicli
tills was said 111 have taken place, and oilier subsidiury
matters.
I'll tell yon what, my niaii," said ihe lidlow, " take
a friend's adviie, and keep i lear ortliis busiiies.', ifyoii
lo iiiil wish to run Ihc h;i/ard of gelling a free p;is«iigi-
loinid the Cape, oi an iici|iiuintanee willi n ccrlain pio.
fessur, will w ill tumble ymi Willi u liiiu to Ihe other
world; you Jiail b.'lter leave yinir friend to hiinsell, liir
allhoiigh Ins slomaeh may be a lillle deejier tlinii yoiiis,
lis you say, his tongue i- i.,.| ,pi,|,. „, l,„n, .. ,„|,j ,„ |i,f
Ins iiinoeeiiie, let toe jiistins lind that out for him."
" I lolil you beliire Unit it's no use striving to beat up
111 Ihe wind's eye,' said Wealiiersheel. " I know it will
ehiip round if it has a mind, and il' il has not, why wu
miisl just Iciiiiider and go In D.ivy, llial's all. "
■' ll's nan use in me either, rinniiiL' inyserolViny legs
llieii, and slivcping on road-siiles al iilglil," said the Scot,
ilespoiidlngly, '' liir theni's naething gisis riglii wi'eilhiir
my piiir maisler or me liir years by. gone, an' ttiilli uii'
|U-lieii line left ibe worl', .is llii a" I see; but wliar uro
ye gaiiii to lake William Walln islieet, lads I"
" To the couiilv jail lo ho sure; und if ho can givo
n good account nl liiniscif, his ntDy will In Iho ilKirliT."
I:
•■'■•■11
i.
■< V
l-i^;
t' -1 !
,. ly
■ - 'S
.:::)
346
WALTIIAM.
fmi'''':
I
w^" ■ j ■■ ■
Mr
"Uccvil a wont lio cuii spouk lor lilniscl, puir cliielcl,
if lie sliouM bo liangcd lor it oulriglit. 1 tell you til
(rang \vi' liiiii hii' ^|H,'uk up lur liiiii,"
" You'll 8|iCiik youritciriiitu a stone room, und |>oilia|)8
worse," said the man, and they all uiged Murdocli to
leave thorn and kce|) himself out of trouble ; to which,
with much diliiculty ho at last assented, first forcing hult
of the little silver he had in his |iockcl u|ion his i' ifor-
lunate comrade. " Noo, sirs," lie said at parting, " be
■ure the lad gets his meat, and ht^'II do bravely ; but if
ve hunger him, my fcgs, the sooner ye hang or banish
dim the better."
With many injunctions and good advices, Murdocli
at last sutfercd himself to be torn from his reckless com-
rade, and taking dilfercnt roads, tlic Scot proceeded
doubtfully and disheartened by himself, to finish his
journey to the great metropolis.
Aa Murdoch paced along, musing U|ion late events,
the principal source of that inward vexation and de-
apondeiicy which he could not suppress, arnso from his
uncertainty as to the present prudence, or the probable
cflects of the 8te|>8 he had taken. Uwelhiig sadly, as lie
went, upon his mnsler's incarceration, he was inclined
to blame himself for not accompanying him to prison,
or, at least, remaining in the way, in case any turn in
tlia old gentleman's fortune might make his (Murdoch's)
own evidence useful in his exculpation. This was tlie
■orcst thoughtof all, and was often associated with ideas
of his weeping mistress and .Mary Iteynolds, lingering
■bout the Pilot's Mark, [icrhaps wondering at his ab-
sence, and looking sadly for his re-up|)earanee; till at
length the poor Scolchman was in tifty minds whether
ho ought nut to return at once, and take his chance of
ivhat fortune had in store for him.
He still moved on mechanically, however, and as, on
the following evening, ho drew near to London, the ex-
|iectation of mcL>ting his brother, whom he had not seen
for many years, and the thoughts connected with their
early days, spirited him up, and induced him to hope
better from the prosecution of the plan wliicli first de-
termined him to leave home. He would not sulfer any
qualms to cross him about his reception, but entered
the city in good spirits; and after buti'eting his way
tlirough many streets and turnings in the great Dabel.
and flinging back «itli interest the jeers of the cockiieys
at his .S'otch tongue, and his barbarian look, he ul
length made out lii^ brother's house, situated somewhere
in the elegant vicinity of Barbican.
*' There's a fine iiicht, mem," ho said, as he stepped
into a well-lilled snnlf-shup, first looking all round liiiii,
and then addressing a fat woman behind the counlci.
with an awful liusl, und a more awful expanse of lace
and libnnds on her head.
"(I'ood evening, sir," said the lady iwiili'y; " what do
you please to want .'" and she mechanically took uji the
iiiufl' scales.
" Is the laird at hame, mem ?" soid Murdoch, dclighied
with liis reception, and the goods and gear ho beheld
round him.
" Tlie laird r" said the fat lady, liaii;.'lilily, displeased
at Muidoeh's freedom of manner. " Wl'i'im do yon
mean, )!uiid man '"
"Isn't this William .Maearo's shop, nieiii 7" said Mur-
doch taking aiKillier look round liiin.
"Tliis is Mislir MacMra's shop, if it pUoae you," said
the lady, lossing her head like a duehess.
" Oil, nae doobt, mem," said Macura, civilly—" lo lie
«uro, his father was ca'd IMr. Macura afore him, bul
iiiair ordiiiarilv, Deaecin Macura o' Duiiiliailoii — u
spunsibli' iiiBii was the Deaeoii, an' wore a cnekod jial.
It your giideman at liaiiie, niein I for yo see, mem, I'm
his brollier:"
Tlio fat siuilT seller turned green and jellow at this
ileclarulion, liir while Mnrdiieh and herspll were talking,
two other llailiieaii ladies of her aeipiaintonen had en
lored the shop, and were prevenleil from addiecsing her
liy their wonder at her conileseension in holding dis-
cour«<' with sueli a lliiltenlol.
The lady never deigned our friend llie eondescensioi
ofan answer In liiseinpiiry, bul hrnkn forth Inloa shower
i>r liow-d'ye-doings lo her gaudy vinleis, whom she
slioiiK liy IhiIIi hand« with all Hie wurnilh of H'inale hy-
pocrisy, while she left poor Mnrdneh slunding as slill.
and liwkingas silly ns'hewiHiden lli)ililund«r whuslotid
taking his everlasting pinch, for u sign to tho passers
by, at the doo' of tho orilablishinonl.
Murdovli's driHiping spirits wore raised shoitlv, liow-
ever, al\er standing for a tune like an idiol, as lie said,
in the middle of the aliop, by tho nppaaraneo of his
brother i who, red and ru^y in face, and bioad and
buxom as an alderman, accompanied by a similarly
eonilbrtuble Iradesman, entered the shop. All Murdncli's
early recollections crowded into his mind upon niectiiio
liie companion of his boyhood; who, lliongli his manner
now curried the precision of a man conscious of wearing
a character, and his language was of that execrable
mixture called cockney Scotch, received his humble
brother with considerable warmtli and kindness.
Hut Murdmh lind the wit to observe, in ihc course of
the evening, and at the setting forth of supper, that his
presence seemed to give enibairussnient, parliciilarly
to his brother's wife, and no entreaties would iniluec liiin
to sit down at their lalile ; so that he was enlerlaincd
by himself in a small buck apartment, where he was ap-
|Niintod to sleep. All this, however, was made up liy
tho feeling with which his brother seemed to listen to
his story, and the interest he appeared to manifest for
hiiu, which brought tears of fraternal grutilndo into
.MurdiR'h's eyes ; and he retired to rest deligiited lo find
that he had yet a friend and a brother amidst his trou-
bles, and that pros|>erity did not always render men
callous to the misfortunes of their friends.
Next day, however, things wore an apiiearanco of al-
Icration with the cominrtahlo tobaeeonisi, and the first
l(;eling seemed to have died wonderfully away. He
now talked only of his trade, and his own comlbrt and
greatness, and when Murdoch began to press him
slightly regarding tinaneo mailers, he answered by
giving him good advice, and blaming him with much
suavity, and professed interest for his welfare, for at-
laching himself to siieli a lulling house as Mr. Wal
tham's. In short, Mr. William Maenra, tobacconist, of
Barbican, like many of higher station, was one of those
worthy men, (if a Scotchman so much the more charac-
teristic.) who have great admiration of generous and
synipalhelic actions, and, at first, a sort of intention to
enact them tiicmselvcs, when the occasion is presented ;
but who lose the stomach actually lo gHirfbrni such foals,
so soon as reflection allows their naturally narrow and
griping spirit to rojrain tho ascendan<^y.
I'oor iMurdoch was sorely diop-fallen when this ordi-
nary discovery of worldly knovleilge did burst upon his
unsuspicious and sanguine fi'elings, and ho first tried
remonstrances, and then his spirit rose into reproaches,
lint all lh»i only made the nialtcr worse, and deterinined
his brother to get rid of one, who not only wnnleil him
to give away money, but lo plead guilty toeerlain faults
and errors in his ways, a thing that was nionslrons to
Ihink of, in any man who was independent. Accord-
innly as .Mnriloeh began to feel indignant, and to take
Ihe high liuiid in senlimeiit. Mr. Willium Mucara, lo-
baeeonist, &c., with Ihe special eounlenuneo and coun-
sel of his wilii, look Hie high hand in tangible power and
iniglit; and, finally, the petitioner and his compluinls
were driven forth out of a liou>e which ho only dis-
turbed, as an impudent no'or-do-well, who dcaeitrU to
be nnfortuiiale.
Our hapless Scot would have gone lo Bow street lo
give at oiiee all Ihe iiiliirinalinn lie was in possessinn of,
ImiIIi as lo Ihe robbery and Suiiimy, whom he was con
vineed he had seen a second lime in the strange cot-
lage. lint the natural faint-liearledneFS and apiirehen
sioii of misfortnncs, and the nioial cowardice which are
so apt lo hung over Ihoeonsciousiiess of an empty |Hi(Ha'l,
logellier with his want <if know ledge of tho town, com-
pletely seined him; and as ho was dilermined to siili-
init 111 any privation rather than bn beliohlen to his
brollier, hn wandered niNiiit London for u time wilhoul
any pur ihir olijeel, resolving lo wail iiiilil he shoiilil
see how > nividenco would disjioso of him and his uii-
liajipy master.
IHAI'TKU XXVIII.
The private evuminalion of Mr. Walthum, liefore
commilmeiit for liial, was siMiii hurried over, and was
siiiricienlly coiieliisive against him ; liir opinions ol'gnill
or iiinocenee, like all otner opinions, are iiiiieh all'eeled
by inelinalion and prejiidico. The proud sensilixeiiess
with which he slinink under the|insnlling niid degrad-
ing ipieslieiis llial were put lo him, was eoiisidrred as
evidence of eoiiseious guilt; and his very silenen, and
look of piely and inelani'hidy resignation, were tiirniil
against liim,as the cunning ucliiig of a iiiyaterioiis pluir
ilercr, and tho liyiKicrisy of '
a liuury but unfutliumable
villain.
ArnwiKiil had an inlerviow with him in Ihn oiiler
eonri ofthe prison, which was neillier of long diiratinu,
nor at all snilslliclory.nt first, to the ardent sjiirit of llir
latter, Kur, instead of iMr, Wallhain'a aanctioning niid
eo-o|ierating in the plans he snggcsled. lo briiij. ^\^^^^ |
Ills acipiittul, the old man begged of him caiiifiiilyidl
give them all up, und literally to do nothing (/irfr/(, I
liir the pieseni, lor fear of inveigling hinisi If, amlinjt!|
iiig mailers worse, os apjiearances stood; but tolfitjl
the issue to time and the merciful disposal ol'l*rovi(luito 1
making, if he pleased, only such indirect eni|uiricii, a^jl
lukiiig such measures, as might become useful Ju con. I
noction with whatever events might transpire intliein.l
terval preceding the trial.
Tho very cahnncss and heart-broken rcsignallon ol'l
Wultliam, under his wrongs and sulferings, now tluugi I
as he was, inio this horrible place, among Hie worst nil
society, were dreadful lo Arnwood to witness; buttljcrgl
was one subject ill which the sutferer could not «,'|||
commuiid his feelings, and which he seemed curctullytol
avoid, and this was his daughter. A word — a lixik— niijl
a grasp of the hand from Arnwood, were sufiicinit tg I
sulisly him u|Hin this point.
Ill the mean time, Iho disconsolate Scot, wlieii ligl
found all his pleasing dreams vanished, uud liluisilfl
driven Ibrlh upon the wide world, a stranger la tlit I
'jicul city, witlioutevcn a cliaracter,and no de|H'ii(lcncc I
as he Buid, but on Providence and his wits, tyccaincml
sad and miserable as thousands are prone lo do undcrl
Ihc same circumstances. Being forced to abaailon, Ibtl
the present, his intentions with regard lo his mimierj
and obliged to turn his elibrts to the procuring oriiiiiiit.|
diute subsistence, ho naturally smelt his way lowiulil
Ihe West End, and sagaciously planted hiniseirboliiiidl
great houses und about stable lanes, lu catch, ia lial
humble way, the windl'alls of turtunc.
He spent above a Ibrtnight in such cndoavouri.lnil
this being the season when the town was enipty,aiHi|
the great houses shut up, fortune, "the jade," nmrl
troubled herself to make oiio movement in his ravnni.l
It was in vain tliat he put himself u|iun short allowann,!
and looked starvation in the face, with all llie bravciyl
of a man who had been hardened by the woi Id, mil illf
the tough abstinence of bis country. It would nuUo;!
and eschewing i)ow street and all his former planii, foil
tear a worse thing should betiil him, he atlas' withil
heavy heart, and many wise reflections upon Ihc n.l
morseless prugressiuii of misforlune, sot out to iiieuun
his way back, ut loust to tho point where ho hrdlcl'lliii
companion Weathershcet.
'le had plodded his weary way a consiil.iralile i!ii.|
laiice from London, when lingering lor u while iartoall
of an inn, in a pleasant village through which lie ftstiM
Ins attention v\as attracted by a spruce, sleek servin;.!
man, who was regaling himself at an open iviiidowitul
the door, with a lusty joint of cold meal, und a buioial
jug of ule U^lb.o hiiii, and causing the ii.aidi'iisol'tliJ
house to laugh iiiconlincnlly ul his wit wliiic lliim pIciJ
senlly occupied. Murdoch could nut help oasliiip in ill
the window that '»ok of expressive misery nliicli miiiol
whose mouth waters at others' good things is apt iT
give; lull wliich.of course, greatly diveiled tlio I'dlo*.
and g.ive np|iorlunily lo a pleasant joke, wliirli iiiiilJ
Ihc wenches, who idled near, laugh uliove nirmutrA
However, one of tlio fbmulcs tlioiightfll to^ive llirnilJ
lunl a hint ; and in order In show olf a hllle licluig
llicm, he forthwilh addressed Mucara.
*■ Voii seoni rullior low in the larder, old clia|i,"Mi:J
he, as .Miiriluch came up, and looked wistfully inililM
meal and alo.
" .'Something loom in the inner : uls, I'm free lo«n{
fess, sir," said Murdoch with beeouung huniilily.
" It is a iiK lancholy thing to see so res|ieclnlilo ■ mi
as you evidently appear to lie," said Ihe lliolninn, luiikl
iiig to Hie gills, "in this sort of unforlunate |>lfM|
Will you condescend lo engulf u portion of tliin lalT
liiill I It is an ini|H'rial renovator, is the lioinr-liiruK
and will give you an edge like tloddard's rinoi-nlron'
" Yo're a ceevil fiillow and hue a pleusunf ili»|Ufmr,l
said Miirdiieh, so grateful lor the glass nnileniii|iliiiirill
that his nuliiial shrewdnes had uliiiosl liirsukou liiiu|
" and indeed, as ye say, friend, it's a ssir pily lo m« (
>'<eoleli genllemuii, the son of |)eacim Maiarao' Uuwl
barton and >Siihs, obliged lo Ihi lliankliil tor a till ul
drap by Ihe road-side, on his journey."
" Ho il is, indeed," answered Ihe valet, wilh prrlfri*
palhiis, and Inking the hint, "and as you ars |ileii«
lo hint, and aa I havo heard, lliul llatwsll ii I
brother to Drinkwell, suH'er mo, Mr. Uetnui >H
caia, lo ulfront your worship with this bone; «liicli,l
pro|H<rly applied, will Im^ of great liiiiient lo Um i'i>'i''|
\iol of your sounding iiiusle i use, and llii> lump ulf
luaf-hnol will Imi of particular service lo your idlaiKHllj
ealion, lo remind Ihrin ol busy days gone by ; miplnf
I fcijiii. i|th,Kid, and in
WALTIIAM.
347
sled. 10 briiiB nbo,,, I
!)l liim caiiiMilyiuj
io notliing din^ii^ I
? Iiinimlt; aiulinjt.'j
ilood; but to lc„cj
iposiilolVrovidtiic; I
lircct cnquiriM.anjj
onio UK-lul ill con. |
)l(cn resignation ol'l
ferinjis, now lliiuii I
iiiong tlic worst mi
JwiliicsRj buliliercl
Tor could not «ci|l
scoiiiedcarcrulljijl
word— a lool(-'ani|l
il, were sulficiniiiul
ilato Sciit, nlit'ii |„|
iiiiibi'd, iiiid liiiiisi.|fl
, a struiigtT ill 111, I
■, mid iiodi'|H'iidoncc,|
Ilia wits, became jjl
I prono to do uriiicr I
rcod to abandon, lor I
gord to his nu»itr,|
.' procuring ol'iiniiic.[
Bit liis Way towaidil
lilted liinist'li'boliiiiill
lOH, to catcli, ia liii|
c.
ueli cndoiivouri, lull
KU was empty, aaill
, "the jade," ncwrl
inoiit ill his fariiiir,!
ipon short allowamj
vith all the brivciyf
by the woi Id, anil ill
y. Il would nut doll
his tbriiicr plini, furl
n, lie at las' with il
ictions upon the n.\
I, sot out to ineisunl
n licro ho hrd left Im
a consid.'ralile i!ii.l
lor u while iiirioatl
igli winch lie iiaiMiiJ
uco, BJeik Nrvinj.I
o|icii niiidownnrl
meat, iiiid a baiouil
the ii.uidvnDof llitT
it uhiic tliiupbJ
help cnsliiii; mill
isery which aiiiigl
ud things in apt loT
livciled tlio IlllotJ
joke, nhirli iiiiiiJ
h ubnvo niPaiuirl
tit to^'ivr tli(|;ilj
otl° B httU' km
. J.
rdor, old chap," »« J
wlstl'ully inttlhi
IH, I'm rrettocm^
ig liuniilily.
I r<!<|H.'clalilo I mid
the liHiliniin, iviiikl
iiiiliirtiinatii pl'tlill
iJiliiiii (if tliin |«l'l
H till' lioinc.liri'»i^|
diird'n rntur-iilriii'.^
ilriihunt i'!tM|uriin
uhs mid cniiiplinirill
niiKl liirKukiMi liiiii|
'iiir pily In in I
m Mucurii o' ltui«|
kill! Ibr u bit in'l
')•■"
iili'l,with prrlfiiiii
us yuii urn jilei*
It Katwull II I
Mr. l)««c(Ui .Mtj
thin bono; «liicli,(
iinofit to till! 'I'l/^m
nnd lliifi lump vlf
to your idig inuil
gone by i k",?!"
>t III
d he liencvo-
ImndH of the
I jjiicii this bone, and rommeiice ;" uik
I Ml' tl"'""' ^''° ""-'"t "'"' bread into tlin
I jjOllL'fV '"""•
I .'iJccd, mri the banc'ti no tu he giriiod at, in tiino o'
1 1,^." said .\Iurdoeli, with a sigh of injured dignity —
I ijl Ins pric'c and courage began to revive with every
II ,|,ijjjavc at it, and every suck at the nle. He liad
Lfirlr tinishi'd uimtoniisiiig the bono, and was licking
I u,.]iops and answering the wi." of the eliiiritablo scr-
|„i,ir n'llii increased spirit, •..'•-■. Mio noise of a car-
L,„i, approaching made the .^it'r : ' irt, and doffing his
|j,lfl|treatii<''^s, and bouncing '» '\:c door as it ciinio up,
Ijienailcl tor it with all the acquired liuiiiilily of uii
|o(«Ji.»llac(|Ucy.
A irivclling carriage with four post horses soon came
|ii),]iiJflop|>cd at thu door. '* Any intelligence, John /"
L^iiircil n voice from will in, thu inoniont it Htopiicd.
"None wliulevor, sir," said the serviiiit.
..|)i(|yiKi iiii|uiro pnrlieiilurly where I told you?"
I dill the vuico of u Ibniule, in u lono of anxious eager-
'I dill. Miy lady, and tlioy never hoard of any such
I jitiMii,
said the man.
A low wurd.4 of murnniring sadness at some disap-
TOlmcnt. was indi.itiiiclly heard, but the voice of the
lliiiialc tlruck .Murdoch, as he listened, with sensations
goiccountabin to liiiiiself, and coming a little Ibrward
Le tried lo get a look of the fair complainant.
"Ah! do let us drivu on," said the lady, leaning back
jjiihe carriage, but as she took her hand from lier eyes,
JIurdocli obtained u glance of u beautiful and youthful
I'lcf, lliat made him almosl sink to the ground whore
|h'!|iwi1, I'rnni the etfucl it had in some rapid imagina-
tion nr recollection thai Hashed at the iiiuinont through
111 brain.
"Muunt and follow us," said o gentleman from within,
to ilm nit.spnrting servant, and liolbru Murdoch had
tioielo recover his bewililernient, the latter had mounted
llirlioiso which was held at the door, and the whole sot
ofiiiil were iiisluntly rallling bofuro him though the
iiili;c
"I'll liae another look o' tl.ui bonny ieddy's face, if
l(f[i in' lungs will hold out," caid .Murdoch detcrini-
iiilrH." what's to hinder me to run a dozen miles after
lliucomliirtublc refreshment," and away he sol otf at n
ripid lii^rlilanil trot to liillow the carriage.
Ilcalill managed to keep the vehicle in view, running
•illifrfnt bravery, when lie (lerceivod coming forward
Mlior)4'back I'roiii a cross road, a sinurt liltln gentle-
inn »ith a red nose, and a white hnt, who, as he rainc
ii!i. lanicd riiiind and looked at him, us if doubtful
iit'ilirr (» liillow or |mss on.
"Ily llie ruby pimples of Dacehus'a tiosn and the
iui)is of .Mercury's heeln, if that is not the very man 1"
mdihc geiitleiiiaii, liillowing Macaru. "Ililloa: Mr.
.Sjicliniaii ' are you running Ibr a wager, I'll hack yon
miiisl liiiic, nix lo one, by gad."
■ 1 1 :iiiiia speak lo you, sir," said Murdoch continuing
Urnc; " I'm nnmiiig nlU'r a liddy."
•Ily the knee.liinklu of a highland |H)nry, you shall
ipk lu me, sir," said Mr. Unison, "or I'll take yon
fiiwncr. I'ull up. I say ! if you run after ladies at that
nil, Mr. Si uichmnn, you'll tiiuiider my iiiiiro."
"Oli>irl" said Mnnliirli lies hinixly, sliipping and
tikmc hri'itli, " ilinna slop mi', if ye pleaBr, fine Inlliiw-
ijif tlir roaili, fur if I hae the sight of niy aiii r'eii, an'
Wfkill (>' the siiiind o' a wonian's voiei', that is Ilie
4iii;liliT n' my piiir lirnken-hi'iirlrd nniister, wlm ha"
ktn M llicse three ycar.i, an' she'.s seiking him, iiae
I Wil, nil' he's seeking hi r, an' iniiy die without ever the
iig III r,
iier."
lalik.,.. .11)11 o' seting
"Yiiiir liciid's era/eil, friend; liesidrs, you're perfeellv
ImM- 111 priici'id niuither step," said Mr. lliiNon, as
|\|iiiiU'li Ktiiiiil panting with I'xiiaiisliiin. " It is in vain
Ihrnii tiiallinipt iniiKmsihilith's."
I 'Hull, I lii'lievc sar," lie answered resigmdiy, " nne-
lllimtiraMifH ri','lit wi' me iiiair than my niaister, nn' time
jin'rliiiiioi', tJiid's will an' iiian's mercy, mint jiisl innkr
l«>iir mat ih, fur I can do iiae iimir ;" and the poor Scot
llhinv hiinmll' diiwn on llir mad side, and riivering his
I'm Willi lii»liatiils, a lew tears burst forlli lo relieve the
I iitip^winn (if his li'i'lings.
Mr, lliilmiii, and the servant wlin Bceomiianied him,
I M ntniiii Miiiihing anil enc.iuraging liiiii, nnii having ex-
Iplwnd Hint his preseni'ii was partieiilarlv wanted at a
llwn ulmiilleii miles ili<taiit, Ix'siiles giving liini lin|H'H
l«fnll»iiii;ali|,. to iraee the Kiraiige lady, lliev ill hngth
I |ifr.ii»i|i.i| him t„ g,.| „p and proceed ahiiig with them.
I II ijip inil Ihat .Mr, lliilson, U'ing neeidenlally in the
■ •"IMkiiiIkshI, mil in fact huviiiK |iiuiiMjd Uie iiiRlil at (he
house of the magistrate iKifore whom Weathersheet was
carried, was presint at his examiimlion. The eircnin-
slaiucs u hirli tlicn ciinii- out, induced him and lii.s iViiiid
lo e.vert themselves in tracing out I'uithtr inforinalion
regarding the robbery, the result of wliieli was, that thev
succeeded in capturing the boy Sammy, under cireuiii-
stances of considerable suspicion. But uiitbrtunatcly it
liapiK'iied that Reynolds, Mr. Unison's servant, having
had a severe fall in London, was laid up in a hospital
there, and there was nn one to speak to the lad's identity;
arter some delay, tlierclbre, fearing that Sammy would
be discharged Ibr want of evidence, Mr. linlson detir
inini'd to ride up lo London, either to find out Murdoch,
or liy means of his own servant to clear up the matter of
the robbery, and get both Weathershert and his unfor
tniiate master, if [mssilile, aciiuitled. Having, however
Ibrtuiiately met with Murdoch on Uie road, he hoped lo
gttt all explained, uud thu Scot was forlliwitli exuiiiiiieil
upon the suhjiel.
Hut JMr. Unison, with the aanguine feelings of a iia
turally honest and open mind, had calculated without his
liu.^t; for althiiiigh, on the evidence of Alaeara, the hoy
was fully committed by the cautious unci expirieneed
magistrate, yet the eireumstances regarding the Iwi
iitliers apjH'ared to him sn improbable, or romantie, tJiat
he detained them, Iikewi.se, in custody.
CII.WTKR XXIX.
It is now high time that we should recall our reader's
altentiiin to that |>ortion of VVnltham's history in which
the alMliu:ti(in of his eldest daughter by Doltuii is referred
to. liolton was one of those men in whom strong pas-
sions, an instinctive bias towards evil, and a natural reek
lessness of consequences, are so constitutionally blended
Ihat they leave the moral |)o\ver iiltcrly helpless and iii-
suHicienl. The last named of these infirmities, the reck-
lessness of consequences, was, however, in Holtoii, any
thing hnt the hardiness of a character conscious of its
own wickedness, and resolved at all hazards to gratily its
impulses and nliiile their results. In a word, there was u
strange deficiency of IIk reasoning faculty in this iiian,
with a reniarkahle alacrity in sinking into tlic gins and
pitfalls of villany and liaseiu'ss.
'1 III' held this iiiaxiiii I'vri- hi lij:4 virw.
What's hasii'ly itmit', bliinilil lit- iIiiik' salrly loo."
Accordingly, his Im'sI caution was emining, am
highest courage a li'cling of secure iinpunily.
Il was now that Mr. Wallliam and his wife were gone,
and his two daughters placed under the care of one who
was likely to rest satisfied with extending to them such
priileelion merely as his ronf-tree, or his hearlli alVordiil,
that lloltoii began to feel his spirit expaiiil, and a fair
lii'ld open tor his operalions. With the knowledge that
Mr. Wallham was utterly at his mercy, he was assured
thai his daughter, alter a slmrl period, would lie no less
at his disposal; and if there should still he any ciimpini
lions and iinreasunalile virtiii' remaining, why, the old
genllenian niiglil easily he pacified, and Ihe young lady
rendered qiiieseent anil resigned under the new circiini-
stances by which he meant to siirnmnd her.
With these views and intinllnns lie proceeded to set
iilHint his eongeiiial task wilhinit delay, lint here he
found niiK'li gn liter ditVieiilly than he had ut fust ex-
IN'cleil. In spile of the sediiliius and delieale atlentions
which he had hen tofore paid her, it was clear even to
his own iippn III iisioii that he had snccieded in creating
till very favourable impressinii upon lOli/.a Wallham; and
il was obvious thai any pnijiet meant lo he siieeessfiil
iiiiiHt Ih' one ot priiliinnd seen ey anil ciinsiiinniate ileieit.
He reviilvi'd in his own iniiid, llierifure, the IhsI means
of nhlainiiig possession of her person first, and ulhr-
wards of eninpelliiig her In such terina iih Iiu should dueill
it ev|H'dii'iit or linnonrahle lo ulVer.
Il was one iiinrning, about a Ibrtniglit ailer the de.
|Hiitiire of Mr. U'lillham, thai lloltnn eaUed at llir hmise
of Mr. Ti'ller, with whom the daiighlers of his linnil
were n'sidenl, and nqnested a private interview with the
elder oil Ihe plea of a purlienlar eomiiiimicaliun winch
he was intrusted lo in ike In her.
" I am sorry. Miss Wallhani," aniil lloltnn, with nn
expression of nnxiely and eoneern in his face, "to lie the
medium of iinple.isaiil iiitelligeiiee; hnt n little awkward
mailer has oeeiirred — iloii'l alarm yoiirsell' — 1 entreat—
your liillier — Miss Walllmin "
"What of him '" cried the niartiied girl, "tell me, sir,
at oine; surely iiolliing has hap|H'ned "
"Why, no," said IJ<dtoii, with a uriiii smile, intended
for roiisolntiiiii i " mi, notliinit bill what a little |irom|itneiw
will <lis|K)se of;" and he drew some luijiers from his
pocket with an air of business.
"Oh ! tell me, sir, how 1 can be of s( rviei — what can
I do ?"
"Why, inadnin," said Itollon, "my London agent waa
to have met your respected liitlier at Antwerp, lo furniali
liiiii with liiiids to proceed to Madeira."
" Well, sir .'"
" He did so, bringing with him bills on Paris which ho
thought, reasonably enough, there would be no ditlicully
in iiegotialing there, but "
" lint what, sir I" ciicd Eliza, Hurveying llie liC8ilatin|r
ISolton with smprise.
" Well, not to keep you in doubt, the liimse in Paris
has faihd, and tin; London drawers with whom they were
eunnected have also stopped payment."
" Is that all, iMr. Ilolton ?" cried the young lady, greatly
relieved by this ilisehisnre, " that call surely have U'CII
but a teiii|Hirary inconvenience — my father — "
".Mil my lUar .Miss WalMiani," said Ilolton, pressing
her hand, with a tender smile of mingled pity and in-
leresl, " ymi are, I perceive, (piile unaware of the iiaturu
of lliese lliings. Madam, the ruinous eliect of such a
failure — the extent "
" For heaven's sake, sir, be more explicit."
" Vour fiitlier, Miss Wallham, is now in Paris —
whither he was coinpelled to proceed u|K)n the first inti-
mation of this intelligence, — and there must remain,
until an nrrangciiieni, which you alone can etlcct, bo
completed."
" Tell me, in mercy, Mr. Bolton, how my assistance
can hi! of any avail ?" cried the distressed girl, " and I
will instantly render it to my poor father."
"Thus, then, we an; situated," eonliniicd Ilolton;
" y<mr tiilher, with a prudence which I caiinol siitlicieiitly
eomnieiid — Ibr the protection and support of his family,
was pleased to make over a |H)rtioii of his property ia
your name; and it will he necessary, in order to reniovu
this little untoward business, that you should assign thu
pro|H'rly to him ; or, in other words, your presence in
Paris is re(|uired belbru he can be extricated from hia
present situalioii."
" Let us Ily at once, sir!" exclaimed Kliza — "I will
instaiilly acipiaint .Mr. Toller with the urgency of llio
case, luid place myself under your proleetion."
" Do you not think, .Miss Wallham," said Ilolton, aa
though res]H'etliilly tendering advice — " Ihat that genlle-
nian had lii'ller remain ignorant of this traiisuelion, and,
iiiileed, of your projeeled jniiri!. y ? I iniisl conti'ss, there
seem to me many olijeeliuns to his being made a party in
this matter."
" I cannot myself see," said .Miss Wallham, hesitating,
" what possible olijeeliiiii there can he lo .Mr. Tullcr'a
knowledge of the cireumstaneeH I"
"The eiremnslaiiees?" retnriied the other; "my dear
madam, you alarm me ; yon do indeed ;" and he shook
his head and lowered Ins brows iiiedilalingly, as tlioiigh
he were pondering on the best iiieaiis of eonviiicing her
of the impnichnee of such a sle|). " 1 feel it impossible,
Miss Wallham," he resiiiii-il, alter a |Niuse, "to furnish
yon wilji such fuels us must at ome show you the ruin
such a eiiiirse woulil occasion. Lei ine, however, impres.i
ii|>oii you the necessity of your instant departure for
Paris — 1 eaiinol answer Ibr tin' ecinsequeiieea to your
family, should yon delay it for a siiigli' hour."
In brief, — by half iiiliinations and ilniihtful shaihiwingH
forth of evil, Ihillon pn'vaihd upon Kli/a Wallham to
aeei pt his pioteelioii to Paris; whilher she set out w.'h
liiiii on that very evening, williout ocqiiainling Mi.
Toller or her sister — or leaving any clue whereby her
dcNtiiialion miglil Is' discovered.
Il HUH ell ar In llnlliin, thai the most |Kditie and safo
inethod of proeenling — after he had enlrapped his in-
leiidid victim, was so lo act during the journey, as should
exeile no suspicion in her hreasi, of his iminediatu or
ullimale intenlions regarding her. His deineunour was,
aeeiirdiiigly,ol' the most nspeelful kind; and as the unhu|i-
py gill had liillii rlo Ihcii liistrui led lo believe him one of
iier father's Ust and iuoi.t zealous fin nils, and his pre-
Kcnt iippaieiilly gralnitons iVieiidnhip was another and a
stning evidence of lii.< anxious ilesiri' to serve herself ami
her liiinily to the lilmosl of his |Hiwer, she was less dis-
|Kiseil to suspect his rial inolive or iiilenlions. Ilolton,
li>r his own |Mirt, well knew, that once arriiid in Paris,
iih riiaiiccB of deleetioii or discovery wi're by very many
degnes lessened — if not allo>rellier extiiigiiislii<l; and lin
wailed, Iherefore, in Ihe calhi conseioUsiicss of security,
nil Iheir arrival in that city should plaie her utterly and
for CM r in his |xini r.
I 'pun their eiilraiice into Paris, Miss Wallham waa
Moiiiewlial siirprisiil, insle.ul of iMiiig eunducleO iiislanlly
;rf{, ';!'» {!(■?, 'r^.S-i'^w
OT.it . ' . ^r .■,*'■' : \*'\
'I
.hi'
I.
1-4(1
•1*r-
5iv;
■■X
348
M'AI.TIIAM.
to )kt fatlicr, (is she liiul cxjiccU'd, — to \>c iislierid into a
liaiidsoiiie Imtcl, with an assurance that l\Ii\ Walthani
Khonlil Ik- sent tor Ibrthwith. Hour aller lionr, however,
elapsed, withont the appearunee of that gentleiiian, and
va/jnclorehodinprs ot'cvil, and apprehensions ot'she knew
not what, bejjan insensibly to occupy the breast of his
<lan^rhler.
"Permit me to insist, Mr. Dolton," she at length feU
herself constrained to say, " that 1 be withont delay eon-
ducted to my father. Surely, every honr is of innuinent
consequence to his peace of mind; he cannot be well, or
lie shoulil have been here Ion;; er(^ now."
" Why, madam," replied Uolton with a careless air,
leaning back in his chair, and loopinir his thumbs in bis
waistcoat, " as to that, I dare say the old pentlenian is
well enouf;h; let us, if you plea.se.drink bis health," tillinj:
a glass at the same time, "and his safe arrival at Ma-
deira."
" What mean yon, sir?" cried the astonished girl, " is
not my father in Paris .'"
" Korfiive me, my lovely Klizii," said Bolton risinp, " if
I confess that he is not; you know, iiiy dear Miss Wal-
tliam, that love has many straiific devices, and this is one
of them — the excess of my iiassion tor you may, perhaps,
plead my excuse, and if the devotion of my life"
"Villainl" exclaimed Miss W'altham, also rising and
retreatinpr a step, till the instant consciousness of the in-
sult otTered to her, recalled her to reason, while it tilled
licr with indijrnntion; "do you think, sir," she said
calmly, advanciiifr towards hiiii, "that this contrivance
to place me in your |)ower will avail ? You little know
me," and she ranj; the k-ll with violence. " I will at
once depart aj^ain to Brussels, and under the roof of Mr.
'J'oller"
"Jack Toller knows all," interrupted Bolton in tri-
umph, "an accessory in the all'air, my particular friend
nnd collen(;ue, and therefore, my spirited girl, yon must
stay with me," and he drank otV a bumper of champiijrne.
At this moment a nondescript beinir, who, inliirined
that the new comers were Kntrlish, had been assortinc
from the ruinous storehouse of his memory such ]Mirtioiis
of the Knylish laiiuuatrc as were not altopelber loo faded
for ready use, entered the room, enipiirin>r —
" Did niadame or monsieur want any thing ?"
"Order me a carriage instantly, if you please," ■ lid
Eliza to the smirking allenilant.
" A carriage, uiailame, dere is no carriage."
" Begone, begone, fool," cried Uolton ; " no carriage is
wanted," and he slipped a relainer in his palm.
"Sricrcl" cried liie Frenchman, "what a noise is dis,
you vill distract de genlil-homme in de nest apartemeiit;"
mid, shrugging his slioulders and eyebrows, he retired
with a kind of inverted smile on his plastic visagi'.
"Come, come," said Uolton, turning on hisvieliin a look
of determination, and sei/.iiiL' both her wri-^ls with one
hand, while he pointed with the other to lui \ mnnt I'liair,
" sit down, and let us talk this inatler over .|iiietly. What
reason on earth can there be tijr this fiMilish eoiidiiel '
I,ook at iiie;— your father's frienil, Imw can yon suppose
this any tliinir but an iimoec.it stratugeni to gain possc's-
»iun of inv Kli/.a ; be seated, anil compose yourself."
"Betrayed ami lost tor iver," cried the miliappy (;irl,
on she sunk into her chair in a passion of le;irs. "Oh I
my father 1 how could you leave your children to the
mercy of this villniii 1" and she buried her face in her
liaiids anil sobU'd eonvnisively.
Bolton was all Ibis while drinking his wine with a
great deal of tran<|uillity, his bands in his pockets, and
liis eyes at intervals direi'ted to the daugbler of Mr.
Waltham with an expression similar to whiil may Im'
roneeived of the gaze of an alderinan upon a newly iin-
(Mirtrd tiirlli'.
" Nay, nay, F.lr/.a, tills in unkind," said be, at Innglh,
taking up the botlle and fillirnr a ghis-, "you do mo in-
juslien by Bupposing ine guilty of (U'liberalo dupliiMlv
or baseness; but, my dear girl, what could I do ' .lai'li
Toller daied not appear to eoiiseiil lo your elopcmeiil
with me during your father's almeiii'e, anil I wa* com-
]K'llpd lo resort io ibis measure, u|Hin my soul I was;
ccnio now, drink Ihi" gbihs of wine, it wiil revive you,"
nnil he placed his liaiid U|miii her shoulder lo oiilurco the
ro(|ur«l.
"Contaminate me not by your Inui li," iri^'d llio spi-
rited (jirl, Mpringing from her seat, an. I alliimpting lo
thrust biiii from lier with all the liltli- slrenL'lb of whieli
she was mistress, "approaeb me nearer anil I hliall de-
mand assistance from liobiw."
"Coiiliiuiiil llie little vixen — but this wiMi't do," niul-
ternd Bollon lietwien his leelli. He had just drank
miffieient lo utiiuulale his tialivo impuileiiee iiilobriilah
tv. Uaziiig nl licr for a momont willi a pair of liutning
eves, he began to sing, '• Come live with me and be niy
love," in an alarming falsetto, and commenced dancing
towards ber with extended arms.
Aliss Waltham, as be approached, uttered a piercing
and protracted shriek, wbieli for a moment paralysed
Uolton himself, and in a minute after the door was
burst open, and a young gentleman strode into the
apartment.
" What, in Heaven's name, is the matter?" said he,
as Miss Waltham clung to his arm for protection.
"Oh! pave nie, save mo from that man."
" What am I to think of this, sir ?" said the stranger,
addressing Bolton ; "will you explain ?"
" Think what you plea.se, and go to the devil," said
Bolton, swaying to and fro; "hand over Ibat woman to
me — that's all — she's my wile"
"Oh! no, no, no," sobbed Miss Waltimm ; "'lis
liilse — lake me away from that man, and I will bless you
!()r ever 1"
"It appears tome, sir," said the stranger, turning
sternly lo Bolton, "as well from the appearance of Ibis
young lady, as from your oivn manner, that there has
been some villain's work here. I shall take the liberty
of affording my proteelion to this lady. "Come,
madam" — and he moved towards the door.
"Will you, by — 1" exclaimed Bollon, buttoning his
coat ; " no. no, young gentleman, that won't exactly an-
swer my purpose ;" anil as he made towuids Eliza, the
stranger obstructed his progress.
'J'lio struggle that now commenced between the two
"as but of short duration, for the stranger, a young iiiaii
of five-and-t»enly, was liir more aclivo and powerful
than Bollon; who, besides, not having foreseen the pio-
f-ciit tiiicrgency, had not contributed to the firmness of
bis tbotinir by any exemplary display of temperance.
Shaking Bollon violenlly from him, llio stranger made
lo the door, Ironi which Miss Waltham had already es-
caped : but, as if recnllecliiig himself, advanced again
Inwards him, and said, "I do not know, sir, that you
are cnlilled lo the a<suranee I am about lo give you,
that tlic young fenmlc now under my charge siiall be, in
every ies|icct, lakcn duo care of: as for yourself, if you
reipiire to sec me, I am easily to be Ibumi during my
stay ill Paris;" and, throwing his card upon tlio table,
ho disappeared.
" Fool, idiot that I was!" exclaimed Bollon, when the
slranger was gone, " to let the girl e.>'Ca|)e in Ibis absurd
manner — hut I am doomed lo disappointment and
misery in every thing that concerns ihat inlernal Wal-
Ibaiii and Us laniily. And who, I should like to know,
is the young s|iark Ibat has sujiersedid mo in so mas-
terly a style," bo ((mtinned, taking up the card from
llie table—' Sir Fiislacc Walliird." Walford— Wal-
fo'd," iiiii^nd Bollon, "sure I should know the name —
a l.iiu'iili -hire family — ha I the young baronel just come
to bis 11m I line — hum — an awkward all'air this, upon my
soul" — and the soliercd sol fell into a Ion); and protiiuiid
reverie.
it would appear that Mr. nollnn's mod ita I ions were
of no agreenble iialiire, liir ho paced up and down the
room niiitleriiig curses and inipreealioii", — all his origi-
nal brigbliiess and llorid splendour of check exchanged
lor Ihe whin iiess of inalignaiit rage. Finding no rest
for his tniiiblid thoughts, he seiznl his b:it and sallied
forlli iiilo llie street to a neighbouring cafe, llic appear-
iinie of which seemed to invite him; und entering was
soon buried in contoinplation in one of the boxes, n|iarl
from I he rest.
No! long, however, had he been thus situoteil, when
a precise figure, habited in bbnk, with un iniporlanl
walking slick ill his hand, was seen to lie moving over
Ihe llnor willi a formal but ipiiel step. As he approached
Ihe ob|i'i't lo wliiiin he seemed lo be direcling hiinself,
and wiiiih, imbed, «as no other llian Bollon hiimolf, a
HiiiirK was projerleil gradually into his eouiilcnance,
and now, bowing and cringing N'tiiro the other, he
lookeii like an anxiously busy undertaker almiit lo de-
scant U|Hin tbocuriuui (blieily uf his newly-contrived
patent i oniiis.
"Sure my eyes do not deecivo mo," lie liH|iiid at
leiiglh, " .Mr. Bollon, is it not 7 this is too great u Imp-
pines'i."
" Who the dovil arc you /" said Bolton, eyoing the
siible one with no fiiendly aspect ; " I don't know you,
never savv yon lHili>ro in my lilV, to my knowledge."
" Pa I (loll me, my dear sir, you have seen me before,
years ago, I adiii,'," replied tlie other, with a biw bow;
" my niii.ie is .Inhnslon, and many years Imek, I bad
some transactions wilh your rnvered ththor, when you,
deiir iiri wcra but un intpresling lad. Yuu are nltored,
•JSM.-
nnel
■nio J
Mr. Bollon; manhood has improved you-^in fon,
also — may I hope— ch ?" and Air. Johnston slid
scat.
" Ha ! .lelmston, I om devilish glnd to sec you,"cri.|t|
Bolton, partially rising from the almost incHmbfnite;
lion in which he had been indulging, "give me vo« i
hand, my good (()llow ; I had forgntton you, uiion m-
soul ; well, how docs the world use you, what are v/
about ?"
" Why, dear sir," said Johnston cantingly, " j( j
bad world, but there's no help for it. I was, tdl lliisverv
day, tutor to the young Lord Arnwood, a headsironi
young man, very much ao; wo parted on bad terras, bui
I bear the youth no ill will."
"What! Lord Arnwood of the castle ? llio deuce yojj
wore, why I have just purchased "
" I have heard it, my dear sir," interrupted Joliniiioa
in a fallering tone, " I have heard of your purchase i,f
New Mall in thai neighbourhood; you are a thriiiw
man, Mr. Bolton, yes you are, don't shake your head. 1
knov^' it, and am very glad to hear it, upon my siictni
word I am."
" .Johnston," cried Bolton earnestly, rising ofa suditen
" can you do nie a service 1 but I know you can ; come
with mo lo my hotel and take a bottle with me."
" Too happy, dear sir, too happy," returned Jolinsion,
bustling for his hat, and really glad of an opporiuniiyoi'
ingratiating himself in a quarter more likely than iini
which he had just relinquished, of furnishing llnineliir
his decayed pockets. " I am quite at your scrvirc in
any capacity tliot may afford mo the means of showmt
how much I am your very humble servant."
"Well, my dear Johnston," sold Bolton, «|ieii ihfv
were quietly seated over a bottle, which, iiulced, rardj
came unwclcomoly to Bollon, and wosnot altogclheruri.
congenial lo the other, so long as his own pnrse siiHt red
no disparagement or diminution by the indiilgenroh
it; "I want you to do me a particular favour," and lien
he recounted the events we have just related.
"It is, as you say, an awkward affair, cerlaiuh."
qiioth Johnston, when his companion had cuncludiil
' What, my dear sir, would you have mo do ?"
"I would have you keep u keen eye u|)on the Ji-ark
and the young baggage— eh, Johnston.' while 1 return
to Brussels und tell some confounded lie ir, that quartei;
what say you, my boy ?"
" Why, under all circumstances, and sinking llie am.
rality of the thing, which I cannot altogether approvp,"
cried Johnston, smiling forgivingly, " we must even do
so," and he drank off his glass with the air ofa proleuor
of moral philosophy.
These preliminary plans being settled, our Iwonc-
lilies became the best friends in the world, and il wii
late in Ihe night bolbro they retiied lo rcsl lo rcciwl
thcinsolvos fur the operations of the morrow.
CHAPTKR XXX.
"Now, Mr. Scolchman, here you are a free nun I
again," said .Mr. Unison lo Macara, who was junl duf
charged from durance; " and your master's trial uilllvl
on in three days; now, whether will you go lo the «i[
size town to liiin, or recommence your trazy cliaso idcrl
Iho lady /"
' Are ye sure he had heard nacthing of her when you I
left, sir ?" said llie Scolchman.
' Perfectly certain."
' Noo, sir, ye said yo would help me lo seek the lidi. |
' if yo will, Pll rin ufler her frae this to Joliiiiiv
(iroalH. Oh, sir, will yo come ("
'it will bo more important for ine to look after Mi
Jolmslon. His evidence may be of great iiii|xirlaneriiii I
the Iriul, for I must loll you, Maeura, there liavii Ini:
sirange doings at New Hall within these finv din>.
Ilolloii and Johnslou have quarrelled, ami I havinul
loiibl tlireateiiod to 'peach U|Hm each other."
" Dievil, nor tliey scruleh alio anither's eon oul,"»iiii I
Miiriloeb, " if I only get a sight o' my maisler'" Imnry
daiighler Uliire Ihe trial — so, sir — oeh I will yejiuliifl I
me a bit |«iiiey that has king wind and ni'cdsliuloiiiril. I
an' 111 ride the country until I find her."
Alli r some fiirlber eolkKpiy, the Seoteliiiinn na« i
coiniiiiiiliilcil, and olV he set — his only eoiilidiiiri' ImiH I
in his n^liiral iinpiidenee and sagacity, and, in tin <>
pi'i'liilioii thai through the mrdiinu of all piwHilile |<i»l.
Ikivm Mild serving men, whom he should nieit, lie nuilil |
at lust Irare out the lady.
,Mr. Hiilson vcdiinleeied to aieomjiiiny iiiiil nwiil him ]
in bis search, having also some views of \\\' own in p
gard to Bnlliin, who had unnceounlably lert New llnll
J Macara having b
WA1.THA1«.
319
(ItoBPcyou/'ctiJ
"St incuinbeiil \nsl
S. "pivc meTourl
lien you, U|)oii' ,„ J
you, wliat are v,J
, rising of a sudHenI
low you can ; come'l
le with nie." 1
relumed JolmsionJ
)f an "pportunilrfifl
)re liitely than I'iutI
irnishing lining C,
at your service ml
mennn of showinf I
srvanl." t
Bolton, wlieii ihfy|
hicli, indeed, rard; I
snot nllogDlhpnin.f
own porse suffered I
' tlie indiilgc'iiiciil
r favour," and heti I
related.
affair, certniiilv.'L
on had concludcdj
mo do ?"
eye upon the »|iu|[l
in? while 1 rclurnl
lie ill IhatquarlerJ
nd linking tliemn.!
together npprovf,"
wo niimt even lii
airofaprofoisotl
tied, our tvvnvvci
world, and it wail
lo rest to rccruill
morrow.
t of her wlienroul
I Id Reek thclidy,
thin lo Joliiinr I
iitrhmnn wim w-
ciinlidi'iKc Iwini; |
mid, in lliv i>-
nil iiiwHililc |pii»l-
.1 ini'd, lie niiiilil I
)y mid hkkIiI liim {
>( \n« invn ill I'-
■ Irll Now Hall
I nd Macara having been somewhat trimmed up in his
I Llivard inan, agreeing to act the part of servant, away
Inevsctlorvvard together.
■ f,„ i«o days they travelled without making out any
„llij,.|icc on which they could rely ; and in the even-
„|- llic second, Mr. Hulson, stopping at a cross road
hicli l(<l '" ''"^ house of an nequaintance on whom lie
I tt'iidcd Id call, si^nt forward Murdoch to the next town
J, nuke sure of dinner, or, at least, to order supper and
„fl,,i:iiodation for the night.
Ii uas a consolation to Murdocli, as he went along,
ilil ii' lie had been as yet unsuccessful in tracing the
ij ||,e town to which he was going was not above a
djv'i iourncy from Barchester, the assize town; so thai
licsliiiiiW, at least, be able to see Mr. Walthai:' on the
^„„iiiiir evening, when as he thought all might yet be
fill When he reached the inn door, to which he was
(irffli'd, lie found it quite a handsome cstahlishinciit,
^ddolorniining lo be waited u|M)n like a gentleman, he
lullnl in fronl, and giving his liorse to the ostler, stepped
lBij;v into the hall.
Ho found, liowever, that the " saucy scum," namely
iS, waiters and servants, of whom he fouuJ a crowd in
UK Inbliv, paid little attention to his orders, and less to
)ii<('iii|uirios, being all in a bustle about company who
,fif at dinner above stairs ; till at length om- .f them,
niniiiiiir along carrying an armful of dishes, aaked him,
tithnut tlic least resiiect, either to lend a hand in carry-
jj ii|i the second course to the company above, or to
pi nut o( ihc way until his betters were attended lo.
.\liirilocli having a natural turn for industry, meelia-
mcilir look hold of a dish of partridges, and now assuni-
iij a Inisiiusslike look, at once followed the others up
(Uifs. Whelher, however, ho began lo recollect on his
fir that lie was the son of Ucacon Macara of Dumbar-
Itn, iir nlu'ther it was sheer ill-breeding that prompted
hiin— instead of giving away the dish that he c:irried to
lliif srvaiit at the door, ho passed on in the bustle, and
jnlki'd straight into the apartment among the company.
Tlic lirst thing the Scot set las eyes u|K)n, as he turn-
i liiiiisclf in the centre of the loIVy room, was the jolly
tcofrhc servitor, who, a short time ago, had regaled
[till with meat and ale at the inn door; and glancing lo
lli( oiiipany at the table, with his heart in his month,
hcdi^firncd at once the beautiful features of Mr. Wal-
lliiins daughter, whom ho well remembered from a girl,
Ud of wlioni he had sn long been in anxious pursuit.
llf WIS 80 riveted to the spot Umt he coinpletily forgot
lluiiM'iraiKl his situation, and uttering a>i involuntary
Itrol' surprise, he missed his pur^mse in endeavouring
to {ivr avvuy the dish that ho held lo the attendants, and
|Ia II tall at his feet.
Tlio attention of the whole company as well as of the
k'vanls Has by this time attracted to the man. Iiiidy
|Wi!fcird raised her dark eyes and directed tluin towards
MiirdrK'li with a look of doubtful enquiry j hut the nio-
liH'nUry hectic that lighted up her transparent counte-
lunro. soon subsided, and she relapsed into that look of
mni resignaliini so characteristic of her unfortunate
|p«tiii.«. Sir Kustaec only laughed and made some ob-
tution on the attendance at country inns; while, in
!(' meantime, Irofore Murdoch eould recover his B|)eech,
tijund himself absolutely driven forth from out of the
irlaii nl by the waiters and servants, with simdry un-
iiiied epithets, and nmtlered curses upon his .Sroleh
iiirdness, lo which it was by no means eonvenieni
•iislint to reply. He was not even clear, so great
l«ii III. ronfiisiini, that by the time he was jostled out
iV- room and had reached the landing-plaee, the
i«idrr|iait of his [htsou had not iH'en visited by (he
It of some one of the better lired domeslies, in n man-
rlo wliirh it Inirilly became Ihn son of Ijieaeon Ma-
in of Dinnliiirlnn thus tamely lo submit.
Ilnlil lint it 's wi' mony kicks an' entrs llinl n poor
iiiU'cts llirnn!;h llie wnrl'," — he said at length, ilrawing
illias he ili'scended the stairs. " Hut de'il may enre,
lilt m' the hulU I is only smne '(ilks' hit, nn' it has
it'liTM tiiini', hut 1 line hiund my maisler's dnughler,
I'll n' he happy an' jnyfii' yel. Oeh! what a
I Hurting it'll be, liul 1 'II no say a word till the
Tnil«)()n hae done their diimer, an' then I'll kick
nrv tliiiiki V ill the phiee wi' my nin Imit."
Mnlitiiliiig nil exploit of this kind, when the lahles
iiiiild riiini' li 111' liirned, and uisin what he should say
ulie lady nhiive, .Murdiieh wailed pulienlly for wiinc
Ii* I" till' hall, every moment hisii exiH'elini; tlir arrival
■' ^Ir. Iliilsiin, 'I'hc only lliiiig he could learn as he
rrinl ri'ifarilinif Hir Kustaee and his iVieiids was, lliiil
'1 liad Is 111 l«in> at the presoiil inn, as they traveUed,
i"im Ilie IiikI Ii'w days.
M'lidnt'li wa:< juHt drinking in this information iVom
the gossip of the servants, when three gentlemen on
hor.iebaek stopped at the entrance, and presently dis-
mounted and entered the inn. On hearing .Mr. Unison's
voice among them, the Scotchman ran forward, and re-
counted the success of his diligent researches with a tri-
ninpliant pride, which not even iiis joy at the discovery
enabled him altogither to keep in the baek-gromul.
" Where are these well-timed people, my sagacious
friend ?" cried Ilulson, in a transport, making his slick
rebound from the tloor on which it was vith such energy
caused to descend ; " by my faith, Jlacara, we shall bi;
loo much for the rascals yet I" and as he spoke, the Scot
was already on the way trotting up stairs and mumbling
unintelligible transports.
" (ientlemen 1" exclaimed Ilulson, as he entered the
room without eeieniony : " there is one here, I am tohl,
interested in the late; of Mr. Wulihain, and "
" I am that person, sir," cried Sir Kustaee, rising and
approaching the stranger ; " sjieak, my dear sir I — have
you any information touching the residence, or the fate
of Air. Wallhiim?"
" Waltham," repented Ilulson, looking in the other's
fiicc; " is it possible, sir, thai you are the ion-in-law of
the mysterious tenant of Lord Arnwood, who is now in
such jeopardy ?"
" What is it you say, sir ? know you Lord Arnwood,
— what niystei ious tenant ?"
"Oil! dinna ye ken me ?" exclaimed Murilneh, com-
ing tbrvvard. " Oh, this is a happy day I Oh, your puir
lather will be saved yel as sure as a gun — an' 1 '11 gang
mad wi' joy."
" What of my father?" exclaimed a fenuile voice as n
young lady rushed forwards, — " What voire is that /"
and Lady VVallbrd, supported by Sir Eustace, fixed her
eyes on Ilulson, and then on the Seolehman.
" Your father is safe, lady," said the Scotchman, with
tears of joy. " Oh ! now I see ye liavena forgot pnir
Murdoch. What a joyful meeting it will be, considering
your father's deeji distress."
" My father's distress I" exclaimed Lady Walford ;
— " where is he ? let me sec him 1 tell me, honest Mur-
doch, where I mny go to him, and Agatha, and "
" Your father, my lady, is at this moment in sad-
ness and sorrow," said Alurdoch ; " but (lod above hears
the grnans of tlie prisoner, and frees them that are doom-
ed to llie."
" Prisoner ! doomed to die I" and Eliza grew pale, and
clung lo her husband for sn|iporl.
Mr. Ilulson now addressed himself lo speech, and in a
snceinet manner explained all the |ieeuliar cireumstiinces
attending Mr. Wallham's case, both before the robbery
and since his connnittal to Barchester jail ; eonehiding
with an elaborate resumit of those alter occurrences
whieh, by the blessing of t!od, he hoped would be avail-
able in the prostration of the deeply laid sclicme where-
by Wallham's ruin was sought to be accomplished.
" Well, iny friends," said Ilulson, as he coin'luded ;
" what say you lo mir instant departure lor Bnreliester ;
where 1 have drawn into a liiens an aeeumulation of evi-
dence which I cannot hut think will be snceessfni. Your
friend W'enthersheet and the egregious Sammy will Ih'
there," he continued, luriiiug to Murdoch; "together
with his worthy coadjutor, who by this lime will, doubt-
less, have recovered his own drab great coat. — .And now,
U't us be gone."
This nrrangemenl was joyfully neeeded to by the
parly, and having ordered post-chaises lliey set forth, not
a little anxious ami impatient for the result <if the trial,
which was, in all prohuhilily, once mure to return Mr.
W altham to tran<|uillity ami honour.
ciiArrr.u xxxr.
In the mean while Lord Arnwood had liccn indefali-
gnble in his n''i'nlioiis to Agatha, during hir fathi r'«
constrained absence from the I'iliil's Mnik, and in eon-
stiinl innnnunleution with Wnllliam himself, as ollen as
the prison regiilalimis permitted his visits. Hut, in
spile of all the eiiiisolnlion which he was able and soliei-
tuns lo alVnrd him, it was lim iviilent Ihal the niihiippy
prinonerdroo|H'dslraiigi'ly,nnil that, whether from in ward
anxiety, or the lrii|rtli of Ills impriHonnuiit, or bolh,
Wallhiim win rapidly sinking Into a stale of we.ikness
and exhanstiiin, which Arnwood mneh feared no result
of the trial, how. vir fortunate and salistlielory, would
sulliee lo eoiinterni'l,
Arnwiiod iiiiil, inileid, reeeivi'd, during the penihiig
Iriiil, sevi liil inillreet iivertures from llollon, lliroiigli tlie
inedimn of .Inhnslon— In the elVeel,lhat if VVnltham ami
Ills family wiiulil .jUil the loimlry, he winilil liirei;ri the
prosecution, and, moreover, prepare the ' xeeiition of a
deed, whereby a suthcient stipend should lie secured to
the latter during his lite time, with a provision I'or his
family aller his death.
Hut Arnwood, without consulting Walthnm, perempto-
rily rejected every offer of this nature. With a perleet
knewledge and seorn of Bolton and his minion Johnston,
whom the former, neglect ing his usual prudence, had
elioseu as his agent in this matter, the young man chose
to hidulge that implicit reliance upon imniutable justice
and an all-secing I'rovidence, which not only " shape
our ends," but [irepare and encourage us in a concur-
rence with tliein-^nd he waited, therefore, without los-
ing a jot of heart or hope, till the day of trial, in which
he thought he saw the hour of deliverance should eoino
round.
Bolttin, however, nnd that unilinehing lover of moral-
ity, his colleague Johnston, were upon no such easy
terms with each other or themselves. Those two gentle-
men, sealed in a small parlour at New Hall, and encou-
raged by the amiahle presence of the small but important
Justice Wragg, were, early on the morning of the trial,
fortifying themselves against the intluence of a keen au-
tumnal air, by the ulisorjition of brandy, in which tho
justice, with many shrugs and smirking protestations of
dislike, declined a participation. That worthy function-
ary, indeed, after many eompliincnts addressed to Bolton,
upon his public spirit in thus making an example of a
delini|ueiit I'or the special benefit of the country, took his
myriad-bowing leave, having to attend the judge in an
ollieial capacity on his jirocession lo the court-house.
Bolton and his friend, thus lell to themselves, relapsed
into an awkward and uncomfortable silence, which was,
however, soon broken by the former.
" I 'II lell you what, Johnston," said he, " curse mc if
I like this morning's business at all ; we shall never get
the old gentleman coml'orlalily hanged or transported" —
and he drained his glass. " That prig Arnwood, whom
yon, Johnston, like a fool and a rascal as you arc, insti-
!;ati>d me lo insult and quarrel with, will be too much for
us, I fear."
" Kenlly, Mr. Iloltoii," returned .lohnston, w ith a seri-
ous and offended air, " Ibis is language w hieh I am not
acensloined lo; you know that I was not the cause of
that rupture ; besides, what power can a poor devil like
him |iossess — a man of your property "
" It won't do, Johnston, it won't do," interrupted Bol-
ton, with bitterness; " I lell you it won't do in a caso
like this, and you know it."
" Well, sir, we must take our chance, that's all," said
Johnslon, with assumed composure, but quailing wretch-
ediy ; and as he spoke he bnttonc d his precise black coat
closely, and felt his walking stick, slinking himself as
though the cohlness of the morning atVected him.
" .\nd wlu re, I should like to know, is that scoundrel
Ilulson ?" denianded Bolton. Tlic^ other shrugged his
shoulders, and shook his head, but ."aid nothing.
"All! Johnson, we've got ourselves into a precious
pickle; we have, iinleed," contimied Bolton, "but there's
no help I'or it, and now it's lime lo be off, so take your
hat, and keep up yinir spirits, my boy ;" and he slapped
his compaiiion on the shoulder, " and when wc return,
we 'il make a night on 't, my old buck, eh '"
^\r, Johnston slowly ri ceived his hat, which the other
phueil with a fiimiliiir thump on his heail, and with a
grievous sigh, aeeompiinied his frii nd lo the court.
It is hardly necessary to say that a greiil sensation
liiid been ereateil in tlii' iiiiglibonrhood by the robbery at
.New Hall, nnd the eommittul of its sus|M'cted per|K'lrn
tors; nnd still less so, perhaps, to infiirm lite render, that
in a remote connly the assises nre nn event of no slight
im|Kirlanri', and the cause of no small exeileinent lo the
inhiibitanls'. No wonder, tin nl'ore, that the court should
have III en erowilcil upon Ibis greni oecnsinn.
.\l leiiL'lh, the arrival of the judge proilaimed llie trial
at hand, and the unhappy prisoner was in due lime
phiei'd 111 the bar. Cerlniiily, it' the nppenriime ol'n man
imiler such lireinnslanees were nl iiny lime an evidence
of his guilt or iniioeenee, (nnd lliiit, in the minds of the
s|Melators at least, snili evidi nee is ol no small vvrighl,
is well known,) Mr. Waltham ninsl ^1 once Imve been
proelaimed guilty. During his eonfi.ii iiieni he had wirn
away lo a ski lelon, his eyes were sunk deep in ihn
Koekels, nnd the hiiir still remaining on his leniples had
turned lo n lileaehcd nnd arid wliiletn ss. The seienil
nf his pule cnnnlenunee, and the ronipiisure of his eyi
liowever, which was ever and alien din (led at llnlton
with n slendfasl nnd scrutinizing gn»e, went far to eonn-
li nil t the iiiiliivrmrable iiii|itession wliieli his first appear,
nnee hud e\eited.
The piiiNi entor's ease wnKMiiieii nl censirternhle length,
and with great clearness and preeinlon, by (he counsel
,v.'- '■.'"/'■■ ' T7T^
■ ^ ' fed '.V''M<<-:'*.V-'f
V
;l':1
t'
,
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'llf
1*
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i'' •
f-»i'
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I'l , ; .■ ■
' • , ' ■!, ■ 1,1 I ■ ■ ■;;
hv I .■■■'?" ' f ;
^^^ '■' ■■■;^
t^ ■ ^
mtm
.irjo
WALTHAM.
mm-
• I '
h'il
employed for tliiit purpose, and notliiiig was left untold
that could, even by the most 8ul)lle ingenuitj', be suppos-
ed to refer to any otlier party tlian Walthain, ai<lecl by
his servant Macarn, who had not hitherto been discover-
ed. Indeed the whole of the evidence went to fix the
commission of the robbery upon them alone. Mr. Uol-
ton by this time had regained suHieient composure to
detail with all tlie damning accuracy of a prosecutor
acting upon public grounds, his interview with Walthain
in his own garden ; the attempt of the latter to murder
liim, and the subsequent robbery in his own room ; the
pcr|)ctrator of which, a." well from thwmanncr as tlie in-
effectual attempt to disguise his voice, he solciimly Ixi-
lieved to be tlie prisoner. Mr. Johnston, also with mu(^h
solemnity of measured phrase, deliberately swore how
lie had been in like manner placed in bodily fear, and
maltrcited in his sleeping apartment by a person to
whose identity he had no hesitation in swearing ; and he
accordingly denounced and inculpated tlic l-:plcss Mur-
docli, who washy this time perspiring and clenching his
hands together in an obscure corner of tlie court.
The evidence of the servant was next taken, who
proved satisfactorily the fuct of Macaia's warlike ap-
peoranre before the door of tho house, brandishing a
drawn sword, and otherwise evincing hostile intentions ;
and now the crowd gazed at each othoi, and next at the
prisoner, 'with a manifest exprciision of belief, that
Walthttin's ease was henceforth utterly hopeless. Mr.
Wragg, likewise, the small but great Mr. VVragL', looked
around, but for a different purpose. That indefatigable
justice met many a welcome and approving glance
from the gentry within eye-shot ; an ample reward for
his promptitude in bringing so heinous an otfender tu
condign punishment, and accordingly he rubbed his
hands and indulged himself in an extra pinch of snuff
with a marked emphasis and appropriate action.
Walthain, who had, during the trial, ap|)oarcd to
stand at the bar in listless apathy, being called upon for
his defence, raised his eyes to heaven, and seemed about
to speak, fur his lips moved, but no sound came from
them; at length, he directed hiseyes towards Arnwood,
motioning faintly with his hand, and sunk back in a
Btato of insensibility.
Lord .\rnwood having been sworn, proceeded to re-
late, with n coherence and minuteness that admitted
not of doubt, — the period of his departure from tho
house of Mr, .Stone — the proceedings at the ale-house —
the questionable appearance of the men, and of Sammy
in particular, and tho subsequent conversation between
them which he had overheard in the fields, lie further
deposed to tho search that he had made, at the instigc
lion of the prisoner's daughter, for her father, and its
success, in company with .Agaiha, the sailor and -Mnr-
dnch ; and lastly, his ex|)cdition tu Niw Hall, reinforced
by the two latter, in an attempt to preserve the pro-
orty, or to secure the robbers.
Great was the auloiiishmcnt of tho court upon the
hearing of this evidence. The judge loaned back in
liisseut in unquiet and doubtful expectation — niiltun
and Johnston exchanged looks with each other, of nearly
equal value and apparent similarity. Mr. Wragg blew
(lis nose with slarlliiig vinleiiee, and applied to liis box
with u more than usual celerity — and the s|icctatorB ar-
ranged themselves in their seats, as if av.uiting some
furtlier and more iiii|iorlaiit disclusuie.
Nor were Ihey disappointed. ".May it please you,
my lord," said the owner of tliat voice, us he seemed to
arise from tho crevices of the Hour, and by degices to
expand into and to assume the tiiriu nf a short man with
B red nose and a pair of piercing eyes — and no sooner
were tliesi words uttered, and this vision seen, than the
wusecutnr and his principal witness changed respect-
ively into ghastly wliito and fiirlorii piirpk', — "may it
(iluasu you, my lord," proceeded the litllo man, wlioin
the reader will, without our instiuetinii, have conjee
turod lo lie .Mr. liulson — '• I think 1 liuvo evidence by
me, and now in court, which cannot hut prove satisfac-
tory to all parlies" — and ho look a cool surviy ol'lhc as-
tounded liiillon and the Ireiiihliiig \v<A> liegono tutor.
And hero liulson, who was jierfecliy a man of the world,
and know with marvellous exuctiieNs all tho tcclmitali-
tioa and nicer shades of tho law, laid hol'uro the court a
inaia of accumulaled evidence which aeleil altogether
as a demolition of the sworn slalements of tho prosccii.
tor and his aceuin|ilico, and ecmelnded by causing his
man Keyiiolds to mount llie vviliioss-bux, to tho almost
irrepressible enriosily ol the eourt.
Itrynoliis, in his lurn, disi losed fully his passive par-
ticipn'.on in the inblKTy at Ihe llnll, iriving up the leal
iiuRivs uf hia accomplicoD, with uuch further particulars
as his exclusive knowledge of tho parties enabled him to
afford — and now tho as|)0ct of affairs began to assume a
more favourable colour tor Mr. Waltlmm. — .'\nd now
.Tohnston, with a peculiar prescience with which a man
in his circumstances is wont to Lo gifted, began
To see as from u lower, the eml of all,
and decided in his tiou'iled mind, that it was high time
he should bo as fiir distant as po.ssible from the present
scene, in aa short u space of time as human locomotion
could enable him to tianslbr himself; and was stcallliily
receding from tho court.
" May it please you, my lord, to ordor that gentleman
in black to remain in his place ;" cried liulson, address-
ing the judge; and in a moment the hapless Johnstoiijwas
quietly conducted under the protection of an officer,
back lo his seat — "we have more evidence behind, which
it may be interesting to him to hear," and as ho spoke,
the discomfited fugitive groaned audibly.
" -\ly lord," resumed liulson. with tiie composure of
an adept, and in a professional tone, "we have obtained
permission from the magistrates at lo produce, un-
der charge of an officer, two worthies whom I wish to
introduce to the court ; here, you gentleman in the
great coat, step forward, and, for once in your life, lot
us hear the truth from you."
The person who now made his appearance in the
witness-box, was the very man who, as our readers will
doubtless remember, had entered into a compact with
Johnston at New Hall, on the morning subsequent to
the robbery; that on certain coiidilions, the suspicions
of its guilt was to bu glanced off upon anntlicr. lie was,
however, not so ihoioughly a scoundrel as to coincide
in this arrangement without feeling some compunction;
and having been convicted of robbery in another place,
and lio|)cs being extended to him by (lulson, that a con-
fession of the truth in this instance would probably
stand him in good stead in the other (juarter, the fellow
very willingly came forward to exculpate Walthain,
and at once to own the fact, namely, that it was at
Johnston's instigation suspicion had been made to fall
upon the unfortunate tenant of Lord Arnwood.
When tho gentleman in the great coat had concluded,
Mr. Johnston, with a vast effort, raised himself to his
feet, and essayed to speak ; but his dry and swollen
tongue refused its wonted office in his parched mouth,
and he sunk down U|)on his seat with a deep groan,
gasping with convulsive throes. Nor was the agitulion
of Rolton less pcrceptiblo or intense. He had fallen
back upon the bench, tho scat of which his hands graspeil
unconsciously, and the cold sweat stood upon his brow
in direful drops, which he had no |X)wer to wipe away.
These symptons were closely observed by all present,
who now felt of a surety that the prisoner at the bur
was altogether innocent of any participation in the rob-
bery, however strongly one fact even to tho present mo-
ment, stood in array against him.
The elucidation of this mystery was reserved for
Master Sammy. That graceless and ungainly imp had
been won over by similar assurances on the part of liul-
son; and he told, without reserve, that Johnston, on
the morning after the robbery, accompanied by their
common friend with the great-cnat, had called at Mis-
tress Crow's alehouse, in which ho (Sammy) ollicialcd
as an insufficient nictoimn ' and had handed over to him
a portion of plate, lor tho value of wliicli Johnslon had
indemnified the ulher, instructing him how Ih'sI, in the
alisonco of Macara and the other inmates, he might se-
crete it in the Pilot's Mark ; which he had, accordingly,
accomplislied u liw days allcrwiirds ; although nearly
discovered by tho Scotchman, who, it will be lemein.
hered, had overheard the escape of smneboily in the
ncighbouriiijr pluntalion, and had coiiiinuniuated his
suNpiciiins lo Lord Arnwood.
" Whew!" ultered loudly Mr. Justice Wragg, at the
conclusion of this climax of evidence ; and the whole
court was in a ferment of audible wliis; crs ; while the
Scdtchnian danced about in the baek-giound in a frenzy
of joy, and Weathersheot hitched up his trowsers with u
severe but expressive grin of satisfaction.
" There is no need, geiillrnien, to tlouble you, I per-
ceive," said tho judge, addressing tho jury, who siiiiul'
taneuusly recorded a vrrdiit of acquitti.!: "nothing,
Iheretiire, remains, hut that I should order into cuslisiy
lliu inlli^idual, who, for puipose.* best known to him-
self. Ins purmed Ihis mysliri'Mis lino of conduct. I see
no reasiiii to supinse Mr. Itollon a parly in this tiaim-
aeliiiii."
Ilohou hreallied again, and again Jnlinston attempted
1(1 speak, while Ihn liiriner grai|s>il him iiiipl'iriiigly by
tlio arm ; but once mure hiu tongue refused uttutanei',
and he was borne away in the safe custody of a jmU I
in a state of desjiair which altogether defies our i.ovvet I
of description. I
Mr. Wultham, upon tho conclusion of the trial, |„J
fallen U|x)n his knees, with his head buried in his hni I
striving with emotions too vast for utterance, and |J I
which his labouring bosom could find no vent ; at lemikl
a heavy burst of tears relieved him, and he siililicd ulLl
in the court, in the fearful accents of overpowered man \
hood. Ho was, however, speedily raised by the y,h,^\
pering Macara, and conducted to his joyful but ucoiiin,!
family, unconscious of the few words of kindnisn audi
congratulation addressed to him by the judge.
" .My lord," said Sir Eustace Walfcrd, slpppincr i;„
ward and addressing the judge, who was about to'lcimi
the court, "may I crave your attention for a inomcni'l
We have indisputable evidence lo prove that tins an.l
soon," pointing to Ilollon, " has wronged llio miliiriu.l
iiale gentleman lately at your lordship's liar, in tliciniitl
flagitious and wicked manner :" and he nindu a rapiijl
statement of tho transaclions between Walthain andl
ISolton, as narrated in an earlier portion of our hislnrr.f
" Not now, not now," cried Walthain, eomin<r forwari'l
" let him go — his guilt ho upon his own head— I I'orgiitl
him — let him depart in peace." I
"Mr. Waltham, this is a perversion of justice, ami i|
wrong done lo your family," returned Sir Euslaci;!
" surely "
" Sir EiHtnce AVnlford," said the judge, " for I bowl
yon, sir, all this is very extraordinary ; but it has notliin J
whatever to do with tlio trial just eonchidcd, andtlicic.l
fore I can take no cognizance of it. A mauistratc isial
court, and to him you must address yourself." I
Dolton now perceived, of a surety, that the periail
was arrived when the reprisal, so long deferred, wjsiol
fall u|)cin and overwhelm liiin, and he aeqiiicsmi inf
silent stupor to the proceedings about to be conimcncfi)]
Vast was the astonishment of Mr. Wragg, .ir.d noi J
little scandalized was the worthy justice, at this siiildciil
rcver.ae of situation on tho part of his ipinndani liidiil]
and, if not absolutely chngrined, much did lie ninrvfll
when the nature of the stalcinents wrung from llictjl
hausted and reluctant Waltlmm, eoin|iellcd him to mml
mil fiilly that respectable proprietor of New Hall; uhiclj
nevertheless, aller due care and precaution, he felt I
self constrained to do.
Anil now these extraordinary mailers having IwiJ
coneludcd, Mr. Waltlmm was conducted to the liosora(<
his family once more, there to partake of a degree iL
happiness which may be much more easily conceived hjj
our sensitive reader tlian set down by us in the plice I
lo the enjoyment of which transports wc accordiii;!)!
leave him.
CHAPTER XXXIL
The feelings of Mr. Doltoii, when his mind wan it liil
awakened to the awful conseiousncss of his situation, iJ
the cell of his prison, were various and ecpiiilly l'rDiii:lil
with materials for the most inlense anxiety and drniir
He knew too well (for the horrible fear of dclnlion liiJ
for years accompanied his waking thonghls and liil
dreams by night) tho precise position in wliicii lie lial
now placed himself. He saw all his cunning disicU
and ingeniims devices of fraud rolled back upon liiniMfi
with the punishment, disgrace, and ruin whieh nIKn
tlie disclosure of them ; nor could he suggest, even ill
aid of the clinging desire of preservation, any one eireuml
slanee that might be brought an a legal |ialli.itiv
mitigation of the sentence which lie now forei-aff III
had brought upon himself, and which siirrly awaited liinil
Hut very little remorse mingled with Itiiltoii's fcelinj*
at the present moment. The lemembrance of llic MikliJ
forgeries whic'li he had executed in order lo gain ikmoI
sion nf Walthnm's proiH'riy, with the linsc and coldf
liloiided scheme of syslematie plunder by wliirh lie li<l
been inablid lo desiroy that person nnil his family. ilif
indeed weigh heavily ii|h)11 his spirits ; but the sele mm
of his itillii'tinn arose from the knowledge thai Ihrt
faels would press irresistibly against him nt llie triill
and the foreilde restitution of wealth oliliiini'd liy wf
means, nf itself a great, but now a t ''lor, inufe (
iiiisi ry, si'rved to fill up the measure of Ins retclirdm!(
to the very brim.
He was sitting in the rueful indulgence of tlicno nifilil
tiitinns, his ehisjH'd linnds pressed closely iHlween lie
knees, and his eyes fixed nimn the groiniil, wlioii llif I'lH
Inuice nf some |H'rsiiii into iiis eill aioused iiiin. ll'"!
Wnlllinin.
!M;. Jnsliie Wragg had bei ii applied lo in tlic nminl
in? by that gentleman, for prrmisbiuii to visit the unli'l
lunile man in prisim
I nijnf objections lo t
iiij with the pri
WALTIIAM.
351
on of the trial, hid I
l>uricd ill his liapijj
ir utterance, and foJI
il iiovcnl; atlcngitil
iindhe snMiciluloiiiil
)f'ovcrpowtTediii)n.|
riiised li^ the y.hm.\
NJOjI'lll but WCfpiiijl
r<l» of kindncsn mjl
the judge. f
ollord, stejipinr i;„.l
o was about tulcaiel
itioii for a mnineni!|
irove that tins pn.l
Tongfd tlio iinloiii.l
liip's bar, in tlic mtJtl
id lie iimde a lapiJ
ween Waltham anal
urtion of our liisloiv.l
am, coming for «'aid;l
own head— 1 1'orginl
inattem liavin; ^m^
icted to the bomm n
artake of a dcgrre o
easily concoivrd bJ
by lis in tlie fna\
lorts wo nccorditi!;!*
timaloiiia" in prison. Tliat punplilions_niai;islrute starltd
niinv oliji'ctions to this roriuest. There must l)c no taiii-
I poriii?
with the prisoner, there must be no collusion or
ied (o in llic m"'"!
lU to vitil the uiii;ii|
I [,„|iitance between the p;rrtie9, the law must lake its
I niarsOi 'he f"'" "* justice must bo fulHlled — and a great
I niinv other obsticles suggested themselves to the cxeni-
Ljtv Wrag;;. B"t lieiiig with difficulty satisfied that no
I 'acli aims or ends were contemplated, he at length ex-
I iniJcd Ills acquiescence, and Mr. Waltliam was admitted
I inH the prison.
I " I jni come, Mr. Bolton," said Waltham, mildly,
liUcr a p-iiise, "since wo shall never more meet in this
IjorW, an<l "•'' '" •'" probability our [lerinitted term is
lilraniiii.''" " ^'ose, to exclinnge forgiveness with you be-
J|on' »'o both depart, and to assure you that nil the past
Linil lie forgotten by nie. Come, sir, raise up your
I irnnimis; spirits," anil he pressed Rolton's arm.
"Vuii arc ci.Me, Waltliam," returned the other sul-
||,iilv, " under a show of contemptuous pity to insult and
l|fiiiii|)li o™'' ""-' > content yourself with the |>ros|H'ct
loi'vour restored property, and trouble me no more;
I l«;ollc."
» .Mr. Uolton, you do me wrong ; by the highest Iiea-
1,111 you do 1" lie added with tremulous emphasis, "this is
I ml the place, this is not the time for insult or triumph ;
Ino, no, it is not for ine, murderer as I might have
liiccii, to insult you, Uolton," and tlio hot tears gushed
liiil» his i')'c*> "s w'l'' "^ dilVicult cfTort ho forced down
I tlif emotions that were rising in his throat.
"Ha I ha 1" retorted Uolton, with a sneer, " this is a
Iforry contrivance, Waltham. Canting, my old gentle-
Iman; but it won't do. Do you suppose," he resumed
Idoral), "that 1 don't sco through this, Mr. Waltham?
I Do yuii lliiiik inc a fool 1 No, I'm no fool," and a moment.
I vf clow of triumph suffused Ills countenance, "Come,
ItmiK', sir, you'll get nothing out of me, depend on't;
I what 1 have done has been done long ago — recover it if
I you can, and as you best can, and let the law take its
I course," but as he said these words, his voice faltered,
luJIiis recent paleness returned.
"liihappy man, you arc mistaken," said Waltham,
Imorcd liy the obstinate sullonncss of the other. " I had
Ihopcd to huvcr found you in a more btrconi' ig frame of
Imiiiil.bii' farewell," and he motioned to dejiari; " I will,
lirposfibli", see you again, before "
"Sio|il" cried Uoltun, raising h'm head from liis handir,
'Itllme niMinly, what did you conui for?" and ho rose
liii) arinnccd to Walllnni. " Have you any proposal to
Iniko! any arr.ingement ? is there any plan by which
llhis trial can be forgone .' tell me at once, Waltham," and
jlcoaied anxiously in lii.s face, " can you save my life ?''
"I implore you, Bolton," exclaimed Wullham ngi-
Jlalnl, "tu dismiss such lio|>cs from your heart; the trial
IcMnolbc averted — ciwnut — I say — no, human |)owcrcan
lliinlir it (iiid knows it was not my seeking. Itenicnilier
lltsidt'ii, (but why should you compel me to remind you?)
lllwcircamstiiiiccK of our connection, of my implicit re-
llmcc and confidence in you, of the forgeries, of "
" 1 know il all," c.'ied Bolton, " why do you croak it in
I my I'lrs thus, you canting old preacher? You have at
IliJtolitained your wish and murdered nic," and he threw
liiiiHcir iiiti his scat. " But think not," he resumed,
Ispiiniing to his feet, and clenching his hands which he
I ilwk violently in Waltham's face, " think not that you
IhitTtriiiniplKd over me. I shall he even with you yet;
I™ jluill not survive mo, — you cannot. I tell you, sir,
Imrl'jii's arc linked together, and we'll go down to the
jpivp Injctlier; or should you survive nie, which you
I iiiiiiot, think you that my blood shall melt into the earth '
I No; il will reach up to heaven and call down curse* on
I lint lioary head ; hut that can't b<', Waltliam, you are to
I die,"
'Mirciful fiodl'' cried Wnlthnin, oppressed with sii.
I liftslitious horror, which a long and fruitless search into
lliif niystrrii's of his fate had rendered of frei|iieiil occur-
I ''ncr in his br< ast. "What dren<lful foreknowledge is
lliii! Dli! imwers of mercy, look down upon this wrcleh-
I «l man, and render him (it for eternal life; liir me, do
|»ilh mi! as you will," and a faintnesa overspread his
"»k ami trembling frame,
'Waltham, Wullham," resumed Bolton more cnlnily
liiilliyinifuiie hand upon his shoulder as he gajtcd sor
Iwfully in his face: "you have destroyed nie, have you
Im' you are my murderer; now will I show you that,
I'llliin aa I am, I have the advantage InTe. Did you not
I '»TO Wi at dead of night, wandering stealtliily about
I "ly ifroiinds, mid for what pur|)ose, to murder nio ? is it
l'"'l»i' answer nie."
"' iliil," sail! Wnllliiim with n groan.
" I'id you not raise your ttrnioH hand against mo 7 did
I I "Jl b«c my breast to yon and hid you strike ? why not
llien have fulfilled your purpose? was there no lime — no
pportunity — no escape ?"
"'I'lie hand of heaven withheld me."
"The hand of heaven !" repeated Bolton with scorn,
'•the fear of llie gallows, old man — the dread of the hang-
man, and the hojic of catching mc in your toils, which
you have at last done. How did I act u|X)n that occasion ?
You had jilaced yourself in my power — you know what
motives I had for ridding myself of your hated presence —
that my lifede|«ndcd upon it — and that yours once taken,
I was secure for ever. I allowed you to go untouched,
unhurt, to your friend Arnwood, that you might concert
measures for my destruction."
" You did, I confess il," exclaimed Waltham, over-
powered ; " but not to meditate further vengeunee upon
you. Oh 1 Bolton, Bolton, how could 1 have befriended
you, had you but permilled me. But, oh I that cursed
desire of what iiuisl destroy us — money — there was your
ruin. But it is nei^dlcss to recall the past ; hear, then,
the last prayer, |)erhaps, that I shall ever raise to heaven,"
and ns Waltham invoked iiiercy on the wretched Bnltim,
and implored that in the hitti^r hour of death he might
find accejitance with God, tho big tears streamed down
his sunken checks.
" Arc these tears real ?" cried Bolton, affected ; " or
are they but the rendy waters of dissimulation? If real,
they imply sympathy and concern for my dreadful situa-
lion — you can save mc — I know you con — intercede for
me — drop this prosecution — you run do it — make any
terms you please, I will abide by thi'in — the whole of my
fortune shall he at your disposal — my future life shall Is-
devoted to you — it shall, Waltham, by heaven it shall."
And as ho urged these terms, a hideous anxiety shook
his whole frame, and he grasped Waltliam convulsively
by the arm.
" Oh ! swear not, Bolton," exclaimed the old man,
shuddering with horror; " to the performance of duties
or the making amends, wliicl., alas ! late has too surely
bidden you to accomplisli. Once more I entreat you to
1)0 calm, and to resign yourself lo your destiny. This
dreadful scene mimt he gone tlirougli — consider for n
moment. What if I could nvirt it, which cannot he,
there is Lord ,\rnwood — ■lohiiston confessed all last night
— that note of hand fiir X.JIM1II, purporting lo be the
handwriting of liudy Arnwood, was "
" Oh ! my (Jod :" groaned Bolton, " then it's all over
— that villain Johnston has undone inc I Well, let me
prepare for my fate — death, Wallham, it will lie death —
death without redemption. Well, well, well," he eonti-
lined, in a measured lone of hilter ealinness, and he
struck his clenched hands together ; " courage, my old
fellow, and it will soon be over — there 's no outwitting
the devil, is there, Waltham ? he must have us at last.
Yet, yet," he resumed, and a cold sweat of horror burst
through every |)ore, " to die — in such a manner too — lo
lie tied up by the neck — to be hanged, Waltham, like tin
sign of a fool at the door of the devil's house, inviting all
brave scoundrels lo enter — ha ! Iia ! ha 1 ha ! — a pleasant
prospect," and he laughed long and wildly. " I 'II tell
you what, Waltham," said he, subsiding suddenly into
ealnincss, "you must save me — must — must — must — I
say, do you hear me ?" and he wliispered in Waltham's
ear. " I must not die in this manlier— the scorn of the
virtuous and the laughing stock of the vile — I tell you il
miist not be — if there's power in earth, or heaven, or
hell, you imist find it — come, come, tax your ingenuity
— give us a siiecimen of your invention, eh ? wliat say
yon ?"
" Wrclelied man I" cried Wnlthani, recoiling from
him, " yon know not what you say ; do not talk thus, I
iM'seeeh yon. There is yet time to |iropiliate heaven ;
he collected and avail yourself of the space |K'rmitted you."
" Oil, iniKcry, misery !" exidaimed Bolton, " my brniii
will hurst asiinihr — I see il 's all over — there it no lioin'
for ine," niid he threw himscli'despniringly on the ground.
" Wnlthnm, you have murdered mo !"
Waltham knelt down U'sidi! the unhappy Bolton, and
endeavoured by entreaties and prayers lo reassure anil to
console him, but without success. Overeoiiic by the iiii-
peniliiig horror of his situation, a hard anil violent
hrcuthing, and spasmodic groans that seemed to tear his
Ixisoin asunder, hurst from the wretched culprit, over
whom till! old man iirayed in silence. Uising ul lenglli,
and drawing a book from his |>oeket, Waltham laid it
gently by the other's side, and pressing his unconscious
liniid closely between liis own, ilowly duparlud tVoiu the
prison,
"<!one — gone?" exelaimed Bolton, lifting his head
from the gnnind, and supporting himself on his elbow ;
" then there is no chance left for mc, and I shall never
SCO hint more. >Vliiit is hero 7" he resumed, perccivinjf
the book which Waltham had left by his side — " The
Holy Bible ! — ha ! ha ! light rending for a man like me
— will this save me ?" and he seized it and pored iver a
page — " very sullieicnt consolation for my precious soul,
I perceive, — cant — cant — will it preserve my life ?^no,"
and he threw it scornfully from him, " The stuff may
do lo scare women with. Oh ! blessed (iod !" he almost
shrieked — " Becky, Becky, my poor dear sister !" as a
sudden tlioughl of the friendless and deserted girl knock-
ed at his breast — "who shall protect you when I am
gone ? Oh ! I did not think of that," and tears gushed
from his eyes, as a remembrance of the kindness and af-
fection of the only creature he had ever loved smolo
sorely in his bosom. " That dear girl at least will live
lo pray for mo when all the world liesidc shall curse me
and spurn nt my grave;" and the wretched Bolton's heart
melted within liiin ns he sobbed like an infant upon the
ground ; and in this monienl nature once more owned him
for her child, and pity and mercy turned not away from
his remorse.
In the meanwhile Mr. Waltham returned to the inn,
where his family was anxiously awaiting his arrival, op-
pressed by mingled sensations of grief, horror, and aji-
preliension. The denunciaticns of Bolton had been seized
upon willi a morbid avidity by his anxious mind — at all
times more sustieptibic of melancholy than of cheerful
impressions, and now, relaxed from long suffering, and
enfeebled by sickness and imprisonment, be fondly
cherished the belief that his departure from a world of
care and misery was inevitably nigh at hand. In vain
did his daughters strive, with tender assiduity, to wean
him from the contemplation of such fruitless and unavail-
ing fears, and endeavour lo inspire him with better hopes,
and to open to him brighter and more cheering prospects :
he clung, with an obstinate faith and confidence iki evil,
to a fancy which now had taken entire possession of
him, and only shook his head mournfully, in uncommu-
nicative sileree, lo all the solacing assurances that were
addressed lo him. Nor were Lord Arnwood and Sir
Eustace more fortunate in their excrlijns to awaken him
to a sense of his newly-acquired happiness. While ho
sympathised with the glowing lio|)es and anticipations
of the young men — he felt that the world had no longer
any ehariiiB tor him, and society could well afford lo re-
linquish any further claim upon his co-operation ; and
Murdoch retired from tlie room with fatal forebodings,
and a face of gloomy elongation, as he heard these senti-
ments, to the companionship of Wcalhcrshccl ; who
listened with exemplary atlcnlion to such details as his
friend deemed it pro|)cr or pleasant to enter into, and
ruminated upon tlie same with equal wisdom and so-
lemnity. As for Unison, he swore, with an enormous
oath, that such desponding philosophy was all humbug
and nonsense, and, moreover, a flying in the fiicc of good
tbrtuue, which could never come loo late ; and he invoked
Waltham to start fair with him, and commence, as Weu-
thersheet phrased it, " on another tack." For his own
part, he meant not only lo turn over a new leaf, hut lo
begin a new volume altogether, and he made no doubt of
his ability to write the word " Finis," in good legible
ehnraclers, with a strong pen, and improved ink.
The jailer had visited Bolton two or three times
during the day since Waltham's departure, und had found
liiin nt each succc^ssivc periixl more calm and collected.
lie hud had an interview with his solicitor and arranged
the course of deleiiec which it would he expedient lo
pursue, and despatched a letter lo his sister ; after which
lie had betaken himself to reading, and requested that, if
it were coiiformnble with the regulations of the prison,
he might not Ijc interrupted. It was not until midnight
that the jailer, upon visiting the prisoner for the last
time, diseovcred, U|><ni entering Bolton's cell, the unhappy
man stretchi'd ujsin the earth weltering in his blooil.
lie had destroyed himself with a |H'nknifc which he had
Ix'cn incautiously |K'rmitled to retain, or which had been
iicglceled to be taken from him, and had thus ended his
crimes, ami evaded that retribution which a tardy justice
was at last awakened to inflie*.
CHAPTflR XXXIII.
As the evening advanced, the despondency of Mr.
Waltham increased with painful rapidity, and communi-
cated itself to the rest of lliu family, assemlded, ns it
might have licen miiurally snp|)osed, for a more genial
and philosophical pur|H)se than thai of converting occa-
sions of happiness into instruments of misery. But
Wnlthnm was not the man lo resist — even had he pos-
sessed the povser — sensations thol were too much in uni-
son with his own fi'ilings, or, rather, impressions which
the morbid sensitiveness of his own mind had crcatid;
•J!' '- 1 . '11 r'' ■ • Jt«'
-i' ' ^\ ., ;,i 'i ;> '. ■■'''■ -is-
*0"«;t'
■:^
: t ■+ !'i n,. :t
A
: -i-'*'!:i
^
' 1'
3,02
WAI.TIIAM.
ami was lit nil tiniOH Tor relbrring Unit Kinkiti!; uiiU dr-
proasioii of spirit, to which every iiian is more or less
subjeol, to a <hrect iiianifestation from alkive, exhortiiifr
him to prepare tor his t'ate, or to till up the ineasiire of
his destiny. lint, in trntli, this eternal anil fruitless ap-
prehension of t'ate, anil its iinmeiliate or ultimate opera-
tion on ourselves is, wherever it exists, a disease rather
pro|>erly to he treated by the pliysieian than eombated
by the philosopher. As a doctrine, it is an absurd truism,
starini; itself into profundity — the harndess "clic sara,
sara," of I lie Italians, changed into a withering and baleful
mockery of philosophy — whereby we, insensibly, by
substituting circumstances of our own forinatinn, create,
as it were, the very fate we ai)i)reliend. The highest
triumph of this philosophy is
•' Tu iimki' a snlitmtc, ami call it peari- ;"
and while we manufacture our own misery, fondly to be-
lieve it u toreign importation.
This digression has been (breed upon us by rcllecting
upon the Ibrnier |>ortion of Waltham's history and opin-
ions, acting upon, as the latter did so strongly, and in-
flnencing, tlie event which wo are about to relate ; and
is not intended for the bonefit or instrnetioii of those
who arc fond of speculations to which tlicic can be no
possible end, and whereto no satisfactory answer can be
discovered.
WaltlittMi was sitting with his two daughters by his
side, and Sir Kustacc. I^ord Arnwood, and Mr. Hulsou
around him, which gentlemen were, partly at the convi-
vial instignation of llulson, but chiolly from the happy
terminution of the proceedings of yostcriiay, disposed
to look U|)ou human life and its enjoyments with an
eye of sympathy, and a desire of participation. "My
dear girls," said Waltham, pressing his danghtcr's hand
between his own, " do not believe but that I also am
sensible of the blessings we now uxpcrionce through
the mercy of hoaven^r that I am so inncli occupied
by my own feelings as to bo iiisonsible to the prospects
which I now |)erceivo are clear and open before you.
You, my dear F.hza. whom I have been permitted to
see once more before I die, have been returned to my
heart all that my fondest hopes could ilosiio, in the pos-
session of an honourable and a liigli-miiided man; — and
you, my own .\gatha," and ho beckoned Arnwood to
draw near, " must live to bless pur young friend, and
the preserver of your father. What do you say, Henry,"
lie added, addressing Arnwood, " will you accept my
Agatha?" Arnwood looked his gratitude in silence,
and took the hand of Agatha with fervour, whilo the
beautiful girl blushed, and smiled tlirougli her tears.
" For me," continued Waltham sighing, " the world has
no longer any occasion ; it is the will of heaven that I
should depart, and it is by His mercy that I am permit-
ted to do so in peace."
" Egad, Waitlmm," interrupted Hulson, threatening
to domulish the table with his list, "you make llieyoung
people quite miserable by «bis double distilled essence
of woo, which you are helping them to so plentifully.
Uy my soul, they look at this moment like personi-
fic.itioiis of the liiur ipiarlers of the year, all met to-
gether, doubtful of receiving their rent, and you the
unfortunate tenant unable to pay it. Come, let the
light poep through that wineglass, which has been
standing lioforo you, like the draugjit of a desponding
patient, lor the last half hour: no heel-taps, sir, I insist ;"
and Hulsou pounced upon the decanter.
" I deserve your reproach, sir," replied Walthain.
smiling faintly. " and will no longer be a restraint upon
the happiness of my children. (Jentlemeii, good night ;"
and briefly invoking a blessing u|)Qn his duughlora, ho
retired to his own apartment.
Hill not to lesl did Wallhaiii betake himself to the
privacy of his own room. A horrible despondency set-
tled upon his soul, and fearfully agitated his weak and
overwrought frame. His past lili) oblriiilid upon his
memory with fearful distinctness, and each particular
event Heeiiiod to stnilo back into thi! present like an
exaggerated shadow, eclipsing for the lime, nay ex-
tinguishing, all other alVretioiis. Ho romeinbered, as
though it were but yesterday, the joyi.us season of his
votilh, when he was a jociind and happy boy in the home
iif his prosperous and ntlectionalo t'lther ; the period of
his early manhood, llatlered by false frieiiils and enciim-
lieredby superlliiousand unprofitable wealth, was recalled
to him ; and the hitter first consoloiiHiiess of his partial
de|Hiiilenee uimii fortune! and liir caprieions chnnges, re-
iiewi'd itself in his miiiil. Hiswifi! rose out of the gravi',
purged of the impnrilii's and defilements of death, and
stoiid lieliire liliii in alt the Uanly of her virgin iinio.
eence ; and his young children clasped him once more
with the ardent pressure of infiiiitinc love. And now he
lived over again, in retrospect, the period of his stay at
liriisi.-els, and of his lirst acquaintance with liiiltnii ; and
events cniiie forth out of oblivion, whieb, hut for the in-
tensity of the present hour, had never more been rcniein-
liered. He thoiiglit of liolton's wioiigs and the injuries
that llolton had heaped u|)on him ; of the almost miraeii-
luiis inaiiner in which he had been east upon the same
shore, and directed, as it were, by Providence, to the
very spot in which his destroyer had hoped to conceal
himself il)r ever. He dwelt with fruitless remorse U|m)1i
the scheme he had conceived of anticipating and accom-
plishing the behest of Heaven by the death of Holton ;
and the palliatives to Bolton's guilt, manifested in his
conduct to him on the night of his meditated revenge,
fell u|ion his heart like a blighting curse, and a denial of
mercy. He would liavi- prayed, but his knees knocked
logelher, and were locked in inflexible rigidity, and his
lips were sealed up. Wherever Ik turned, there Dollon
was, and his face was wh'te as de.'tli, and his eyes looked
sorrowful reproach at liiiii. The very air teemed with
unnatural and hideous life; and a noise tiir almve thun-
der, which iinaginalion creates out of intense silence,
rang like a knell in his ears.
In the meanwhile, liord Arnwood, Sir Eustace Wal-
ford, and Mr. llulson, were sealed in deep conversation
in the room below, siH'culatiiig on the future prospects of
the Waltham family, and making arrRngeincnls for the
short jc.iriicy to Arnwood Castle on the morrow, whither
it was proposed the whole party should imiiiediately re-
pair. The young ladies had retired to rest some time
lielorc. .Inst as they also were alioiit to separate for the
night, the waiter entered and iiiforined them that a mes-
senger from the prison requested an immediate interview
with .Air. Hulsnn. I'poii being shown in, the chief turn-
key aeipiainted them in full with the particulars of Hol-
ton's suicide, and handed .Mr. Hulsou a letter written by
the former immediately betbre his ileatli (for the wafer
was still wet) in which, afler confessing every thing tlmt
couhl ehicidafe the transactions between him and Wal-
tham, and arrraying the method whereby ample restitu-
tion might be in.ade, he confided to llulson the protec-
tion of his Iriendlcss sister after his death. "Kobert Hol-
ton dead," exclaimed llulson, when the iiiesscnger had
lel\ the apartment, and the tears started into his eyes,
which he brushed aw.iy hastily ; " well, it is better it
shiiiild be so than otherwise, [H'rhaps. You see here,
gentlemen," he added, turning to Arnwood and Walford,
and handing to tlieiii the letter, " the end of a man bad
enough, heaven knows, but made the victim of one of
the basest scoundrels in existence, your late tutor, my
lord, .lohnston; whom I yet hope to sec in hemp. Yes,
I will protect your poor sister, liolton, I will, by heaven I"
and Hulson, whose very virtues required spiritual suste-
nance, drank off a glass of brandy and water.
It now became a matter of delilieration whether Mr.
Waltham should be apprised of this event forthwith. It
was judged iK'fter, at\er much dispute, to acquaint him
at once with this intelligence, that his mind, by lieing
permitted to dwell upon the past alone, and relieved from
further anxiety and dread of the future, might acquire
gradually its natural and elastic tone.
Lord ArnwomI was, accordingly, deputed to convey
this circumstance to Mr. Waltham, and ascended slowly
to his bed-room. He knocked long, and at last loudly
for admittance at the door, bul no answer was returned.
Entering, therelbre, which he did with an niulelined ap-
prehension of evil, he discovered Mr. Walthsm sealed in
ills chair by the table, his eyes unclosed, and his liiinds
elas|M'd as though in prayer. The candles were still
burning, lint dimly. It was evident that they had not
been smifl'ed for hours, and the shadows slept upon the
walls in gloomy and motionless ohscnrify. Arnwood
touched him gently on the shoulder, as if to wake liiin
to consciousness, hut he moved not ; he took his hands
within his own, but started to find tinu they were cold
and rigidly compressed. Not a breath stirred within him;
and his tiice, though calm and placid, was of an ashy
paleness — Mr. Waltham was dead ! The violence of his
emotions, operating upon a naturally weak constitution,
and encouraged by the morbid indications of his crude
philosophy, liad been too much fiir '.im to bear ; and \k
li:id sunk under if, — together with the reaction of his
spirits eonseipieni ii|H)n the result of the trial, and the re.
instatement of himself and his family in the cslimuti^.n
of the world and the res|H'ct of society.
Wi' pas* on, for the render can better imagine than we
can possibly deserihe, the trunsition of Mr. Waltham's
family from a state of eomparalive happiness to a Hilita-
tion of renewed altliefion ; and (he degree in which this
unex|)ecU.'U event altered the relativo posilinuof nil parties.
Mr. Waltham was buried by the side of his wile in(|. j
cenielcry bilonging to Lord Arnwood, and the Ikk|v „,
Holton was conveyed to the New Hall, where the lasi,,,'
lices of ntrection were paiil to it by his discnnsolalc sisiir
Anil now that we have drawn our history to a closf u l
deem it not only expedient, hut decent, rospetfalilc.'juj
considerate, to detain our reader no longer than, vihit
we take up the few loose threads of narrative flmtsiiU
remain, we are absolutely required to crave his iiltontion
As we have not troubled oi |)erplexed him iniicli by ife
introduction or intrusion of reflections of our own iniooii-
narrative, so wc forbear to take him by the button itiliii
last moment; a inovement which we ourselves rnnsidtf i
an impertinence, and which the, however indulgenl, rrad
er, would probably deem, like the citixen and his v.ii'c m j
the old play, u|ioii the entrance of the dancing lioy, "a
ritV-raff." Wc go on, then, to emit from our pen aiiam |
rays whereby, —
" Willi a .^Al>^^levell^(f rale of stieanilnu liiilu"
they may tie enabled to view, in short, and for a nionun'
the nller fate of the other and minor personages of our I
history.
Iiord Arnwood was in due time united to Agnilu I
Waltham, and through the influence of his frirnii ikf I
Marquis of I.orfon, was, on a change of the niinislrv
presented to an olHcial situat.on of considerable cninllj! I
iiient and honourable distinction. He accordingly spfnd) I
the chief portion of his time in the metropolis, occasion. 1
ally, however, visiting Arnwood Castle, wliich he has rr. I
paircdand tnodernised,and within whose newlv-hcniififiid I
walls the estimable Mrs. Goodyear, and the venerable I
.Mr. Mollisoii, still continue to exercise divided, and it be. i
hoves us, as historians, to record, occasionnlly disputed I
sway. Lady Arnwood is, equally with her lord, paniaj |
to the neighbourhood of the castle, from the ncollccticr
of former times and associations connected with flipm.
It will not fail to lie in the memory of the reader Ihjt I
Sir Eustace Walford was the means of preservini; Elizjl
Waltham from the designs of Itolton ; and it only roinaiii! I
to us to state, that having heard from her owii lijis flic I
particulars of her father's history, and impressed niorof
and more deeply every succeeding day by her bcjulv I
and amiable qualities, he solicited and gained her lunili
in marriage lieforo they lefl Poris, from wheiiee fbejl
proceeded to liriissels, with a view to ascertain, if poj. I
sible, the destination of Mr. Waltham. From iMr. Tollfr.r
however, (who, it is needless to say, was no party (ofhel
machinations of Bolton,) they were able tolcnrnnolliini',|
but that ho had returned from Madeira, and taken witii|
him his youngest daughter, but whither no one was able
to say. Sir Eiistnce and his lady had subseqiicntlj n.
turned to England, with a determination to avail tlicn.
selves of every possible opportunity of diseovoriii); ihel
fugitives, when tlicy wore fortunately recogiiLsed livf
Macara.
Mr. Johnston was, after due course of law, trnnsportcd I
to New South Wales, where, having a clear field for rcf
newed o|icrutions, and by virtue of a becoiniiig res|ittt|
for the external interests of religion and iiiornlif'-. htl
contrived to succeed very well. Hut, unforfiinatily, oom.j
mitting some exemplary act, which apjieared to the ob.1
tuse understandings of the legal authorities iiiiinleal to I
till! interests above referred to, Mr. Johnston was eveiilii. f
ally hanged, much to his own astonislnnent and inorlJ.|
ficntion.
.Mr. llulson was as good as his word. He cnnfrivnl|
to reform while there was yet a virtue in doing m; audi
in a W'W years was enabled to confirin and iier|Hlii,ile3
his good resolutions by obtaining the hand of Miss IW-
ton, with whom he has said — confirming it by nn nillil
of empliasis — he lives as happy as such a rogue nshiinT
self deserves to exist. I
\V'e sliouhl pass over the most pleasant partofniirl
duty, did we omit to mention that honest iMiirdnrh Ma.r
eara, at his own request, led to the altar Mary Kevii"lils|
on the very day that gave his young mistress to W I
.Vrnwood. He "lives at (he Pilot's Mark, whieli, Kv 'i«l
own ingenuity, .lided by his staunch friend and disriplfif
Will W'ea(liersliee(, helms converted into a liandsnmcj
and cnmfurtable establishment.
And " muckle Will Wntl •rsheet" resides in the neifli-
bourhooil, with unimpaired digestion and still incxiiausf-
ed appetite. " The various turns of fate below," ii» "Ifl
cially shown in tlio history of his late niasier, were [lon-j
dered upon by him deeply, but in silence; nrd (he ninrall
lesson to he derived from (hem is ever and niioti iiifiiri™!
and rendered easy and familiar, by tin' wige rmiiKfll
and weighty evhortations of the benevolent Senl.
,lfiiilltl my I'effile I
II, illi.il liivi' lacli I
Till' liliish III' iii'iipi
Amisaui'l— r'Ciaifi'
,tiwni/mous Dfdi
FBOM THE LON'DO.S I
IN
Some of the rcvio
nioirsofDi.nurney
of the daughter thai
pears to us, however
inlerest of the work
iiiecdofcs fiiriiislied r
day, with whom Dr.
jntiiiiafe terms of so
Johnson, .Mr. Burke,
noiiioie detail of Ur
ij gratifying to be a
tliose whose writing
hours ; to have their
doiiifs .«o fully portr
I passions and peculiar
titv, and observe how
!|iacc in the public eyi
Who dees not ackii
in the work of the syc
i< despised and laugh
niiiiis a inaster-piec(
I ivorld regrets that the
To the work of that a
liod, this .Memoir mi
ehaiii— an addenda, ri
tfriaiit with the great
The style of Madaii
I t'lult with ; and to tho
nitinjjs as Miss Burn
obicrvc the awkward
frapbs. Hut her mea
after all, the object to
marked that, in " am
ihould attend to the i
lint s|K'cies of merit f
illrailionof the iiicide
ami that other sort of i
Icrily with whieli mati
nejsof the relations v
|itsparlH." 'I'he pictui
itve.will 1h' valuiHl.lli
I iiiflet'aiil. The nullior
I I.", lull it is harmless, i
TliiTC are parts of t
j fnliri'lv uiiiiiferesling
Britain— soiiin of the
I mnilliiig, believing tha
M than if the whole
•ilhlheopiiiiiin of tlii
"IM« work will lie iini'
KJW SERIES — 2;
■■■■ \ •
eot' his wife i,|,||^
1. mid till. Wv ,,,■
, wIkmc 111,, las, ,„■
iliscnnsolalc sisi,.,
story ton close, «c
nl, rcn|)i.tial)li.,a„j
lonpur than, ttl,i!c
nurrnlivu ihntsiiU
crave lii» altontion,
liim iiiiicli by Ike
ol'otir owiiiiiiocij.
y the Imttoii al ilii,
ourselves cnnMjf,
irr iiKluljreiil, ml
wi\ ,nii(| hi» wife 111
: liaiicinjr Ixy, "a|i
oiu our |itii cciuiii
nniiiiu liulii"
, iiiid for a nioimn',
personages ol' oiir I
united to Aemlial
' of his friend ilif
c of the ministry,
onsidernlilc eiiinlii.
nccordingly s|)eiiils
iclropolis, occasion.
Ic, wliicli he has rr. I
)sc ncwly.hcautitiid I
and the venetalilc I
e divided, and it iv.
jcnsionnlly disputed I
til her lord, |inrli»| I
om the ri colleclicn I
looted with them.
f of the reader thji I
of preserving Elia I
and it only remain! I
n her own lips tlio
ad impressed iiioni
liny by her beautv
d gained her lianill
from whence thfjl
lo ascertain, if poil
I. From.AIr. Tolkr.f
was no parly lolhcl
tile to learn nolliinr,!
ra, and taken wiili I
ler no one was alik |
id subsequently rr.
ion to avail thm.
if di.seoveriiig ijiel
ely reeogni-scd liyj
of law, transjvittnll
clear field for rr-f
liecoining rr!|ieill
and inoralil<°, lie I
iiifurlunalely, eoin-j
pi.areil lo the oil. I
(iriti.'s inimical tol
iiBtnii wasevciilii.l
diinent and morli-f
rd. He eonlrivoi!!
in doing so; nmll
nil and per|Hliiale3
" nnd of Missll'l.|
iiii; it by an oalli
1 :i rogue asliiiU'l
asnnt part of o
lest Murdoch .Mi-|
iir Mary Keynel
mistress to l/WI
rk, which, liy liiil
Viend and disriplfT
into a handsome I
==■ wii2^i®i»^ ^®m®®® mwM®^
9id<
sides in theneitli-l
nd still incxhauil-l
le below," us "l*- 1
master, were pon- 1
ee; nrd the momll
mil aiinii enliirifill
the sape rounsfll
ilent Sent.
L^IW®
■•.Vi't,'
VOL. I.
rillL. ^UELI'IIIA, JUNK 18, 1833.
NO. Ui.
PRi.NTKn ANo renusiiiD iiv AHAM \VAI,Dli:, Nii. li, Nimrii Eiohtii Streist, l'iiu..»nBi.riin— At S."i Inr .H nunili.Ts, iiiijalile in lulvaiiee.
ARRANGKD
Frum his ovn Mnnusrripis, from Family Papers, and
from Personiil Recollections ;
or IMS lUIIGlITER,
M A l> A M K P ' A It II L A Y,
AITIKIR OK KVUII.INA, HKelMA, &c.
1. ,1 f.iiilil Miy t'oetile powes lily virliles trace,
iu lili.il love each tear sh.iiitti he suiipreiM'd ;
Till liliish of iii'Oiiaeity I'd elinse,
.-Villi siaiiil— re ciiiiier of thy wnnh I — cnnfessM."
.ttHinijiiwits DtdictiUon of Evelina, to Or, liitrnry, in I77P.
FROJl THE LONDON EDITION, I.V THREE OCTAVO VOLtJMES.
INTRODUCTION.
Soino of llin reviewers have found fault with the Me-
moirs of l)i. llurnoy, an being rather tlio autobiography
of the daughter than the life of the father. This ap-
pears to us, however, a locommcndation ; but the chief
inlerosl of the work will be found in the rich and new
.inecdolcs furnished nf the celebrated characters of the
day, with whom Dr. Burncy and his daughter wore on
intiaiile terms of social intercourse. The ana of Dr.
Johnson, .Mr, Burke, and others, possess a charm which
no in!:e detail of Dr. Burncy 'a habits could alTord. It
is gralifying lo he admitted to familiar converse with
iliose whose writings form the charm of our leisure
liours; to have their private and familiar sayings and
doings .«o fully portrayed; to have their feelings, their
passions and peculiarities, depicted with truth and viva-
I litv, and observe how individuals who filled so large a
ipacc in the public eye, acted in the domestic circle.
Who dues not acknowledge the fascination produced
intlie work of the sycophantic Boswoll ? While the man
i< despised and laughed at, his life of Dr. Johnson ru-
I niaias a master-piece of biography, and the literary
world regrets that there have not been more Boswclls.
To the work of that author, and others of the same pe-
riod, tlds .Memoir may bo considered ns a connected
tliain— an addenda, rendering us more intimately coii-
tcrsant with the great originals.
The style of Madame D'Arblay has also been found
I t'lultwith; nnd to those who are familiar with her early
writings as .Miss Burney, it will l)0 a little astonishing to
observe Ihe awkward slilViicss of iiiany of her para-
jnplis. Hut her meaning is seldom obscure, which is,
iller all, the object lo be attained. It has been wfU rc-
inirlied that, in " analysing literary compositions, we
■hould attend to the ditVerencc which subsists between
lint s[K.cie8 of merit founded on tlio direct interest and
illrarlionof the incidents and ideas which are employed,
iiiil that iilhi.r sort of merit fumuled on the skill and dex-
luily with which materials arc combined, and the just-
nfisofthe relations which wo arc able to trace among
its jiarts." The pictures in the present instance, wo be-
I line, will 1h. v.ilueil, though the casket may be somewhat
inelegant. The niithor certainly iKtrays unbounded vani-
~. hilt it is harmless, and even amusing.
Tliorc are parts of the English edition that wouhl be
tnlinly uninleresting beyond the precincts of Great
Brilaia— some of these wo have taken the lilicrty of
I omitting, b<ilicving that our readers will be more grnti-
fiiilllinn if the whole liad lioen retiiincd. We conclude
«ith llicopiuiiin of the London .Metropolitan Magazine,
1 "this work will lie universally read and generally liked."
nvt SERIES — 2.3
Auriioirs ruKFACE, or apology.
The intentions, or rather the directions, of Dr. Burney,
that his memoirs should be published; and Ihe exiicctation
of his family and friends that they should pass through
the hands of his i>resent editor and mcmorinlist, have
made the task of arranging the ensuing collations willi
her own personal recollections, ajipear to her a sacred
duty from the year Ibll.*
Hut the griet' at his loss, which ot first inoapaeitaled
her from sueh an elforl, was soon afterwards lollowed by
change of phice — change of cir<imistaiiees —almost of
e\i.steiice — with multipiicd casualties, that, evoiitimlly
separated her from all her manuscript materials. And
these she only recovered when under the pressure of
new affliction that took from her all power, or even
thought, for their investigation. During many years,
therefore, they have been laid aside, though never for
gotten.
But if time, as so often we lament, will not stand still
upon happiness, it would be graceless not to acknowledge,
with gratitude to Providence, that neither is it positively
stationary upon sorrow : tor, though there are calamities
which it cannot obliterate, and wounds which religion
alone can heal, time yet seems endowed with a secret
principle for producing a mental calm, through wliicli
life imperceptibly glides back to its customary opera,
tions. However powerless time itself— earthly time I —
must still remain for restoring lost tlilicity.
Now, theretbrc, — most unexpectedly, — that slie finds
herself sufficiently recovered i'rom successive indisposi-
tions and atilictions, to attempt the acquittal of a debt
which has long hung heavily upon her mind, she ventures
to reopen her manuscript stores, and to resume, though
in trembling, her long-lbrsaken pen.
That the life of so eminent a man should not pass
away without some authenticated record, will bt; pretty
generally thought; and the circunistanccs which render
her its recorder, grow out of the veiy nature of things :
she (lossessed all his pajiers and doeuments ; and, from
her earliest youth to his lateatdeeline, not a huftian being
wos more confidentially entrusted than herself with the
oecurreiiees, the sciitiinents, and the feelings of his past
and passing days.
Although, as biography, from time iinmeninrinl, has
claimed tlie privilege of being more discursive than his-
tory, the memorialist may seek to diversity the plain re-
cital of facts by such occasional anecdotes os have been
hoarded from childhood in her memory; still, and most
scrupulously, not an opinion will be given as Dr. Burney's,
either of persons or things, that was not literally his own :
and fact will as essentially be the basis of every artich',
as if its object were still lent to earth, and now listening
to this exposition of his posthuinoiis memoirs with her
own recoiled ions.
Nevertheless, though nothing is related that does not
belong to Dr. Burney and his history, the accounts are
not always rigidly eonlined to his jiresence, where scenes
or traits, still strong in Ihe remeuibianee of the editor, or
still before her eyes in early letters or diaries, invite to
any characteristic details ol celebrated jiersonages.
Not slight, however, is the eiiibiirrassnicnt that striig.
gles with the pleasure of these mingled reininisceiices,
from their appearance of personal obtrusion : yet, when il
is seen that they arc never brought forward but to intro-
duce some incident or speech, that must else remain mi-
told, of Dr. .lolmson, Mr. H.irke, Mrs. Dehiiiy, Mrs.
Tlirale, Mr. Bruce — nay. Napoleon — and some other
high standing names, of recent date to the aged, yet of
still living eiiriosily to th(. youthful reaih'r — these appa-
rent egotisms may be something more, perhaps, than par-
doned.
Where the life has been as private as that of Dr. Bur-
ney, Its history must necessarily Iw simple, and can have
little fiirlher call upon the attention of Ihe world, than
that which may belong to a wish of tracing the progress
of a nearly abimdoncd child, from b small village of
Shropshire, to .t man allowed throughout Europe to have
risen to the head of his profession; and thence, setting
his profession aside, to have been elevated to an intcllce.
tual rank in society, as a man of letters.
• The year of Burncy'a decease.
"Though not first in the very first line," with most of
the eminent men of his day. Dr. Johnson and .Mr. Burke,
soaring above any conleuiporary mark, always, like se-
nior wranglers, exe(.i>led.
And to this height, to which, by means and resources
all his own, he arose, the (ieniiis that impelled him lo
liiiiie, the integrity that established his eliaraeter, .nnd the
amiability that magnetised all hearts, — in the plirase of
Dr. Johnson, — to «« forth In mi'i him, weie the only ma-
terials with which he worked his way.
Dr. Burney both began and dropped an inlroduetion to
his life, as appears by a margin.il note, in the year \'^'i.
This was not conlinued or resliiiicd, save by o< easionul
memorandums, till the year 1807, when he had reached
Ihe age of eighty-one, and was under the dejecting ap-
prehension of paralytic seizure. From that time, never-
theless, he composed sundry manuscript volumes, of va-
rious sizes, containing the hi-story of his life, from his
eradli! nearly to his grave.
Out of the minute amplitude of this vast mass of mat-
ter, it has seemed the duty of his editor and memoria-
list, to collect all that seemed lo oflV.r Interest for the
general reader; but to commit nothing to the pulilie eyn
that there is rea.son to believe the author himself would
have withheld from it at an earlier period; or would havo
oblilerated, cv(.n at a niiieli later, had he revised his
writings oiler tlie recovery of his hcaltli and spirits.*
MEMOIRS OF DR. BURNEY.
Charles Burncy was born at Shrewsbury, on the 12th
of April, 17^6, and was the issue of a second marriage.
Mr. Burney, senior, finally, and wilh tolerable success,
fi.xed himself to the profession of portrait painting, and
quitting Shrewsbury, established himself in the eily ot
Chester.
From what cause is not known, and it is difiieult to
conceive any that can Justify such extraordhiary iiegleet,
young Charles was left in Shropshire, upon the removal
of his parents to Chester; and abandoned, not only
during his infancy, but even during his boyhood, to tlio
care of an uncultivated and utterly ignorant, but worthy
and afl'eelionate old nurse, called Diime Ball, in the rus-
tic village of .'\ndover. His remiiiiseenees upon this pe.
riod were among the most tenaciously niimite, nnd the
most agreeable to his fancy for detail, of niiy part of his
life; nnd the uncommon gaiety of his narrntory powers,
and the frankness with which he set forth the pecuniary
embarrassments and provoking iniselianees, to which his
thus deserted ehildhood was exposed, hail an ingenuous-
ness, a good humour, and a comienlily, that iiinile the
subject of Andover not more delectiible to himself than
entertaining to his hearer.
The edueiition of the subject of these Memoirs, when,
al length, hi. was removed from this his first instructress,
whom he quitted, as he always protested, wilh an agriiy
of grief, was begun at Ihe free sch<iol at Chester. It can
excite no surprise, his brilliant career through lile consi-
dered, that his juvenile studies were assiduous, ardent,
and successful. He was frequently heard to declare, that
he had been once only chastised at school, and that not
tor slackness, but tiirwardness in scholnslie lore.
His earliest musical inslructer wns his eh.est half-
brother, Mr. James Burncy, who was then, and for more
than hnlf a century afterwards, organist of St. Marga-
ret's, .Shrewsbury; in which city the young musician
elect began his professional studies.
He was yet a mere youth, when, while unremittingly
studious, h(. was introduced lo Dr. Arne, on the passage
of that celebrated musieien ihroiigh the eily of Chester,
when ri'tiiriiing from Ireland; and this most popular of
English eomiiosers since the days of Purcel, was so mueli
pleased with the t^ileiits of this nearly self-inslructed
inrforuicr, as to make an olFer lo Mr. Bnriiev, senior,
upon sueh conditions ns are usual lo such sort of patron-
age, lo complete the inusiral cduenlion of this lively anil
aspiring young man, and to bring him Ibrth to the world
as his favourite and most promising pupil.
To this proposal Mr. Burney, senior, was induced to
♦ A fourth volume, of Correspondenee, is announced
by Madime D'Arbluy, to nppeor ut sonac future day.
^v
■'■"■■■ ii-^^yMk-
matm
^.'^
:m^:
'''i:
,•"1
■V t
3r)i
MRMOIUS OF DR. nUIlNF-Y.
P'j''';».i<:::
ifc;,!->'
;».
consent; and in tlic year ITiJ, atthuafjcof Hcvcnti;en,tlii'
eager young candidate for fame rapturously set off, in
company with Dr. Aruc, for tlic metropolis.
DR. MINE.
Arrived in London, young Burncy found himself un-
restrainedly his own master, save in what regarded his
urliclcd agreement with Dr. Arnc.
Dr. Arnc has been, professionally, fully portrayed by
the pupil who, nominally, was under his guidance ; but
who, in after times, became the historian of his tuneful
art. Eminent, however, in that art as was Dr. Arnc, his
eminence was to that art alone confined. Thoughtless,
dissipated and careless, ho neglected, or rather seoftcd at,
nil otiier but musical reputation. And he was so little
scrupulous in his ideas of propriety, that ho took pride
rather than shame in being publicly classed, even in the
decline of life, as a man of pleasure.
Such a character was ill qualiBcd to form or to pro-
tect the morals of a youthful pupil ; and it is probable
that not a notion of such a duty ever occurred to Dr.
Arnc; so liap"y was his self complacency in the fertility
of his inventi' n and the case of his compositions, anu so
dazzled by the l)ril!iancy of his success in his powers of
melody, which, in truth, for the English stage were, in
Bwectness and variety, unrivalled — that, satisfied and flat-
tered by the practical exertions and the [wpularity of his
fancy, ho had no ambition, or, rather, no tliought con-
cerning the theory of his art.
The depths of science, indeed, were the last that the
gay muster had any inclination to sound ; and in a very
short time, through something that mingled jealousy witli
ability, the disciple was wholly left to work his own way
as he could through the difficulties of his professional
progress.
MRS. CIUBEU.
Young Burncy, now, wan necessarily introduced to
Dr. Arne's celebrated sister, the most enchanting actress
of her day, Mrs. Gibber ; in whose house, in Scotland
Yard, he found himself in a constellation of wits, poets,
actors, authors, and men of letters.
The most soeiid powers of [ilcasing, which to the very
end of his life endeared him to every circle in which lie
mixed, were now first lighted up by the sparks of convi-
vial collision which emanate, in kindred minds, from the
electricity of conversation. And though, as yet, he was
but a gazer himself in the splendour of thisgalaxy, he had
parts of sucli quick perception, and so laughter-loving a
taste for wit and humour, that he not alone received de-
light from the sprightly sallies, the ludicrous representa-
tions, or the sportive mimicries tliat here, with all the
frolic of high-wrought spirits, were bandied about from
guest to guest, he contributed personally to tlie general
enjoyment by the gaiety of his participation; and ap-
pc ired, to all but his modest sell', to make an integral
part of the brilliant society into which lie was content,
nay charmed, to seem admitted merely as an auditor.
GARIilCK.
Cniispicuous in this briglit assemblage, then hardly be-
yond the glowing dawn of his unparalleled dramatic
celebrity, shone forth with a blaze of lustre that struck
young Burncy with enthusiastic admiration.
With Thomson, the poet, his favoured lot led him to
the happiness of early and intimate, though, unfortu-
nately, not of long enduring aeiiuaintanee, the destined
race of Thomson, which was cut short nearly in the
meridian of life, lK>ing already almost run.
Burney now net to music the Mask of Alfred, and the
principal airs in the English burletta called Robin Hood,
whieli was moit flatteringly received at the theatre ; and
he composed the whole of tlio music of the pantomime of
Queen Mab.
He observed at this time the strictest incognito eon-
cerning all these productions, though no motive for it is
found among his papers. Queen Mab had a run wliieh,
nt that time, had never been equalled, H.ive by the open-
ing of the Beggar's 0[)era ; and which has not since
been surpassed, save by the representation of the Duenna.
The music, when printed, made its appearance in tlie
worhl as the otTHjiring of a society of the annn uf .IpoUo :
and (Jawald, a famous bookseller, published it by that
title, and knew nothing of its real parentage.
Sundry airs, ballads, cantatas, and other light musical
productions, were put forth also, as from that imaginary
Bociety ; but all sprang from the same soiiree, and all
were eipially unacknowledged.
Tlio sole conjecture to l)c formed upon a self-denial, to
which no virtue seems attached, and from which reason
withdraws its sanction, as tending to counteract the just
balance between merit and recompcniie, is, that powibly
the articles then in fcrjo witli Dr. Arnc, might disfran-
chise young Burncy from tlic liberty of publication in
his own name.
EARL OF IIOI.DF.I!>F.SSE.
The first musical work by the subject of these memoirs
that he openly avowed, was a set of six sonatas for two
violins and a bass, printed in 1T4T, and dedicated to the
Earl of Holderncsse ; to whose notice the author had
been presented by some of the titled friends and protectors
to whom he had become aeeident-illy known.
The carl not only accepte<l with pleasure the music
and the dedication, but coneiived a regard for the young
composer, that soon passed from iiis talents to his person
and character.
FULK OREVILLE.
\Vhilo connections thus various, literary, clas^ienl.
noble, and professional, incidentally occurred, combating
the deadening toil of the copyist, and keeping his mind
in tune for intellectual pursuits and attuimnents, new
scenes, most unexpectedly, o|)encd to him the world at
large, and suddenly brought him to a familiar acquaint-
ance with high life.
Fulk Grcville, a descendant of The Friend of Sir
t'hilip Sydnnj, and afterwards author of Characters, Max-
ims, and Reflections, was then generally looked up to as
the finest gentleman about town. His person, tall and
well-proportioned, was connnanding ; his face, features,
and complexion, were striking for masculine beauty;
and his air and carriage were noble with conscious dig-
nity.
He was then in the towering pride of healthy manhood
and atldetic strength. He excelled in all the fashionable
exercises, riding, fencing, hunting, shooting at a mark,
dancing, tennis, &,c. ; and worked at every one of them
with a fury for pre-eminence, not equalled, perhaps, in
ar<lour for superiority in personal accomplishments, since
the days of the chivalrous I/ord Herbert of Cherbury.
His high birth, and higher expectation — for a coronet
at that time, from some luicertain right of heritage, hung
almost suspended over his head — with a splendid fortune,
wholly untetlered, already in his hands, gave to him a
consequence in the circles of modish dissipation that, at
the clubs of St. James's street, and on the race ground
at Newmarket, nearly crowned him as chief For though
there were many competitors of more titled importance,
and more powerful wealth, neither the blaze of tlieir
heraldry, nor the weight of their gold, could preponderate,
in the buckish scales of the day, over the elegance of
c(|uipment, tlie grandeur, yet attraction of demeanour,
tlie supercilious brow, and the resplendent smile, that
marked the lofty yet graceful descendant of Sir Philip
Sydney.
This gentleman one morning, while trying a new in-
strument at the house of Kirkman, the first hariisichord
maker of the times, expressed a wish to receive musical
instruetinn from some one who had mind and cultivation,
as well as finger and car; lamenting, with strong con-
tempt, that, in tlie musical tribe, tlie two latter were
generally dislocated li-om the two forinrr; and gravely
asking Kirkmnn whether he knew any young musician
wlio was fit eonipany for a gentleman.
Kirkman, with linnest zeal to stand up for the credit
of the art by which he pros(K'rcd, and which he held to
lie insulted by this question, warmly answered tliat lie
knew many ; Imt, very particularly, one member of the
harmonic corps, who had us much music in his tongue
as in his hands, and who was as fit company for a prince
as for an orchestra.
Mr. Greville, with much surprise, made sundry and
fornial enquiries into the existence, situation, and cha-
racter of what he called so great a phenomenon ; pro-
testing there was notJiing ho so much desireil as tlie ex-
traordinary circumstance of finding any uiiinn of sense
with sound.
The reidies of the goodOerman were so c.\eiting,iis well
as satisfactory, tliat Mr. Greville became eager to see the
youth thus extolled ; but charged Mr. Kirkman not to
betray a word of wliat had passed, tliat tho interview
might bo free from restraint, and seemed to be arranged
merely for showing off the several instruments that were
ready for sale, to a gentleman who was disposed to pur>
chase ono of the most costly.
I'o this injunction Mr. Kirkman agreed, and cunsi:i-
entiously adhered.
A day was appointed, and the meeting tonk pliice.
Young Burney, witli no other idea than lliat ol'serv-
ving Kirkman, immediately seated himself ut an instru.
ment, and played various pieces of Gominiana, Curi-lli,
anil 'I'artiui, wlio.-e compositions were tlicn inosi ;„
ru.-hion. But Mr. Greville, secretly suspicious ol' n^m.
cDiiniiance, coldly and piou<lly walked about the room'
took snufVfrom a finely enamelled snuff-box, and loolicj
at some prints, as if wholly without noticing tho i,,.,.
formance.
Ho bad, however, too much penetration not to m,,
ceive bis mistake, when ho marked tho incautious care!
losstie.Hs with wliieli bis inattention was returned ; io|
soon, conceiving himself to be playing to very obtuse
oars, young Burney left oft' all attempt at soliciting t|j(|,
favour ; and only souglil his own amusement by iryinf
I'uvourilc passages, or practising difficult ones, with j
vivacity which showed that his passion fur his art le.
warded him in itself for his exertions. But comin(!
at length, to keys of which the touch, light and sprint.'
iiig, invited his slay, ho fired away in a sonata of Sca'r-
latti's, with an alternate excellonco of execution ond ex.
prossion, so perfectly in accord with tho fanciful flii;|,|,
of that wild but masterly composer, that Mr. Greville
satisfied no scheme was at work to surp' .so or win him'
but, on the contrary, that the energy of genius was let
loose uiMin itself, and enjoying, without prcineditalion
its own lively sports and vagaries; softly drew a chair
to the harpsichord, and listened, with unanected earn-
ostnoss, to every note.
Nor were his ears alone curiously awakened ; his cjci
were equally occupied to mark tl; ' peculiar performance
of inlricato difliculties; for the young musician had in.
vented a mode of adding neatness to brilliancy, kr cutr.
ing the fingers, and rounding the hand, in a I'nanncr
that gave them a grace upon tlic keys quite now at th>l
lime, and entirely of his own devising.
To be easily pleased, however, or to make acknow.
lodgment of being pleased at all, seems derogatory lo
strong self-importance ; Mr. Grcville, therefore, inerelr
said, "You are fond, sir, it seems, of Italian music?"
The reply to this was striking up, with all the varv-
ing undulations of the crescendo, the diminuendo, llie
pealing swell, and the " dying, dying fall," belonging lo
the powers of the (icdal, that most popular masterpiece
of Handel's, tho Coronation Anthem.
This quickness of comprehension, in turning from
Italian to German, joined to the grandeur of the corn.
position, and the talents of tho performer, now irresisii.
biy vanquished Mr. Grcville; who, convinced of Kirii.
man's truth with regard to the harmonic powers of lliis
."on of Apollo, desired next to sift it with regard to llie
wit.
Casting off, therefore, his high reserve, with his jca.
Ions surmises, he ceased to listen to the music, ttr.i
started some theme that was meant tu lead lo conver-
sation.
But as this essay, from not knowing to what llie I
youth might be equal, consisted of such inquiries a<,
" Have ynu been in town long, sir ?" or, " Docs ymir
taste call you back to tlie country, sir?'' Ac. &c., his
young hearer, by no means preferring this inquisitorial
style to the fancy of Scarlatti, or tho skill and de|il'i
of Handel, slightly answered, " Yes, sir," or"No,sir;"
and. perceiving an instrument not yet tried, darted toil
precipitately, and seated himself to play a voluntary.
The charm of genuine simplicity is no where mm
powerful than with the practised and hackneyed man
of the world ; for it induces what, of all things, be most
rarely experiences, a belief in sincerity.
Mr. (Jreville, therefore, though thwarted, was not dis-
pleased ; for In a votary of the art lie was imr-iiing, lie
saw a character full of talents, yet without pnile ; and,
conceived from that moment, an idea that it was one
ho might personally altach. Ho remitted, tlierefore,
to some other opportunity, a further internal iuvcsliga-
lion.
Mr. Kirkmnn now camo forward to announce, that in
the following week lie should have o new harpsichord, I
with double koys, and a deepened bass, ready for exami-
nation.
They then parted, without any explanation on the
side of Mr. Greville; or any idea on that of the suhject
iiflliese niriii'irs, that ho and his acquircmcnls «crc I
■ ilijccts of so |ii'culiar a speculation.
At tho second interview, young Burney innocently
and eagerly flew at onco to the harpsichord, and trifldit
with various recollections from his favourite composers.
Mr. (Mcvillo listened coinpluccntly and approvingly; j
but nt the end of every strain, made a speech thai lie
iiilended should lead to some discussion.
Young Burney, however, more alive to the graces of
melody than to the subtleties ofargumenl, gave answers
that always fnuBlied with full-toned chords, which as
roiijliintly niodu
firevillo.liredani
nlancs, nnd tryiii
Ho could not I
,1, provoke eoriver
audits by mom
iriJi a portinaci
^1,0 could ncith
jsiJo from snch i
o-Kiiin? to discou
modi attention.
This eagerness
ilole from liim tli
bmg ui'"f> '''•■' '11
coiiraijo for utter
faded away undo:
In the subject
freedom was clear
Cowin!; vivacity ;
to gather the yout
i!i», for permittin;
bv proudly wrapi
iiioinonts be was v
grew, 'Jierefore, s
Burney became a
lie had been weari
of ideas took placi
eJ, as if the riesce
my had cncountei
himself.
This meeting co
ing her gay triuin
fiiiiilar victory for
t few intellectual
and literature, — in
dcniy and graccfi
knowlcdged his s
tiled the unconscio
House.
The amazement
Ills modesty, or ra
highly of his own ■
agreeably surpriser
cliaraclcr, his endo
Dut his articles \
it was not without
fined position.
Unaccustomed to
submit to their co
diJiculty, Mr. Grev
mslaatly visiting D
terms for liberating
Dr. .•^riic, at first
testing that a you
equivalent. But nc
than the Doctor, wl
extravagance, was
from liiniself that h
dazzling glare of tli
most temptingly in
lliough imaginary \
ways sure to see w
fore his longing eyi
The articles, the
Burney was receive
dfsired inmate, a ta
nius; lo which appi
reading, nnd rcadiii
not of a humble, b
panian.
Young Burney n(
and led a coinplctel
less still was dcvotci
practice and by cr
Mgc pursuits were i
its iiuarter ; and af
raornini; that preeer
hosi : for so partial
ilp, lliat, speiulily, tl
his lime or his taler
Nor even here eni
his coni|)aiiy had a
went forward : his r
Was 80 inviolate, h
shortly, to make hiii:
weined necessary t
action.
^cw scones, and
MEMOIRS OF nn. BUnXEY.
sris
ro tlicii 1110,1 in
uspicious of Koino
[1 aliout the riK,i„.
iff-box, ttiid lookcii
noticing the |,ct.
ration not to per.
10 incautious care.
vas returned ; fcr
g to very obtuse
: at soliciting ilicjj
isenicnt by tryinj
icult ones, with 1
in fur (lis art re.
inH. But cominj,
, light and sprint.
a sonata of Sca'r.
fexc'culionandex.
ho fanciful flipiii,
that Mr, Greville,
rp' .30 or win \,\,„\
of geniua was Ici
lut preineditalion,
ftly drew a chair
I unaffected earn.
vakoned; his eyes
culiar performance
r musician had in.
brilliancy, br curt,
land, in a manner
8 quite now at that
r,
lo make acknow.
ims derogatory lo
I, therefore, merely
Italian mnsie?"
with all the vary.
le diminuendo, die
fall," belonging lu
ipular masterpiece
, in turning from
nrienr of the com.
nier, now irrcsisli.
convinced of Kirii.
bnic powers of lliij
kvith regard to iLe
irve, with his jca.
the music, nn't
to lead to convci.
irtcd, WHS not (lis-
was pur-uing, lie
itlioul yuile ; and,
that It was one
mittcd, tlicrefore,
ntcrnal invcsligi-
nnnonncp, Ihnt in
new harpsichord,
.-, ready forcxami-
f„n>liinlly modulated into another movement ; till .Mr.
fireville.tirod and iinpiitiont, suddenly prn[Kjsed changing
„r,|,fs, and trying the instruMicnt liiiiisolf.
Ho could not have dovised a more infallible expedient
iQnrnvoke conversation ; for lio thrummed his own elm.
(fii bits by mornory with so little skill or taste, yet
\fi;h a pertinacity so wearisome, that young Uuriiey,
^lio could neither hearken to such playing, nor turn
i-iJ,) from sneh a player, caught with alacrity at every
owiiiiii' to discourse, as an acquittal from the fatigue ol
mock attention.
This eagerness gave a piquancy fo what ha saiil, that
ilole from him the dilBdoneo that might otherwise have
liuuj' u|ion li is inexperience; and endued him with a
coiirai;o for uttoring his opinions, that might else have
faded away under the trammols of distant rcspoct.
In the subject of thoao memoirs, this eirervesccnce of
freedom was clearly that of juvenile artlessnes.s and ovcr-
llowin? vivacity ; and Mr. (ircvillo desired too sincerely
to iratlier the youth's notions and fathom his nndcrstand-
inir, for permitting himself to cheek such amiLsing spirits,
bv proudly wrapping himself up, as at hss favourable
mnincnt'i he was wont to do, in his own consequence. He
grew, Uicroforo, so lively and entertaining, that young
Burncv became as much charmed with liis company as
he had been wearied by his music ; and an intcrcliaiigc
of ideas took place, as frankly rapid, equal, and undaunt-
ed, as if the descendant of the friend of Hir I'liilip Si/il.
mi) had encountered a descendant of Sir Philip Sydney
himself.
This meeting concluded the investigation ; music, sing-
ing her gay triumph, took her stand at the helm ; and a
Eiiiiilar victory for capacity and information awaited but
t lew intellectual skirmishes, on poetry, politics, morals,
and literature, — in the midst of which Mr. Greville, sud-
denly and gracefully holding out his hand, fairly nc-
linowlcdged his scheme, procliimed its success, and in-
tiled tlio unconscious victor to accompany him to Wilbiiry
House.
The amazement of young Burney was boundless; but
his modesty, or rather his ignorance that not to think
higlily of his own abilities merited that epithet, was most
agreeably surprised by so complicate a flattery to his
cliaraclor, his endowments, and Ilia genius.
But his articles with Dr. Arno were in full force ; and
it was not without a sigh tliat ho made known liis con-
lined position.
Unaccustomed to control his inclinations himself, or to
submit to their control from circumstances, expense, or
diJiculty, Mr. Greville inookcd this puny obstacle; and,
instantly visiting Dr. Arne in person, demanded his own
terms for liberating his Cheshire pupil.
Dr. .\rne, at first, would listen to no proposition ; pro-
testing tliat a youth of such promise was beyond all
equivalent. But no sooner was a round sum mentioned,
than tlio Doctor, who, in common with all the dupes of
eitravagance, was evermore needy, could not disguise
from himself that he was dolorously out of cash ; and the
dazzling glare of three hundred pounds could not but play
most temptingly in his sight, for one of those immediate,
tlioiigh imaginary wants, that the man of pleasure is al-
ways sure to see waving, with decoying allurement, be-
fore his longing eyes.
The articles, therefore, wero cancelled : and yomig
Burney was received in the house of Mr. Greville as a
desired iiiniate, a talented professor, and a youth of ge-
nius: to which appellations, from his pleasantry, gaiety,
reading, and readiness, was soon superadded the title —
not of a humble, but of a chosen and confidential com-
panion.
Young Burney now moved in a completely new sphere,
and led a completely new life. All his leisure neverthe-
less still was devoted to improvement in his own art, by
practice and by composition. But the hours for such
age pursuits were soon curtailed from half the day lo
itsiiuartcr; and again from that to merely the early
morning that preceded any communication with his gay
host : for so partial grew .Mr. Greville to his new favour-
ite, tliat, speedily, there was no remission of claim upon
liis lime, or his talents, whether for music or discourse.
Niir even here ended the requisition for his presence;
his eiiinpany had a charm that gave a zest to whatever
went forward : his opinions were so ingenious, his truth
Was so inviolate, his spirits wero so entertaining, that,
fliorlly, to make him a part of whatever was said or done,
Kerned necessary to Mr. Greville for cither sjiccch or
action.
MISS FANNY MACAKTNEY.
Nfw scrncs, and of deeper interest, presented llicin-
Klvea ere long. A lovely female, in the bloom of youth,
equally high in a double celebrity, the most rarely accord,
od to her sex, of beauty and of wit, and exquisite in her
|K)ssession of both, made an assault upon the eyes, the
iiiiderstandiiig, and the heart of Mr. Cireville ; so potent
in its first attack, and so varied in its aller stages, that,
little as he felt at that lime disposed to barter his bound-
less liberty, his desultory pursuits, and his brilliant,
though in(lefiiiiic exiiectations, for a boiiilage so narrow,
so derogatory to the swing of his wild will, as that of
marriage npiioarc<l to him; he was caught by so many
eharin«, entangled in so many inducements, and inilanicd
by such a whirl of passions, that he soon almost involun-
tarily surrendered to the besieger; not absolutely at dis-
eretioH, but very unequivocally from resistless impulse.
This lady was Miss Fanny Macartney, lliethird daugh-
ter of .Mr. .Macartney, a gentleman of large fortune, and
of an ancient Irish iamily.
In Horace Walpole's Beauties, Misa Fanny Macart-
ney was the Flora.
In Grciiville's Maxims, Characters, and Reflections,
she was also Flora, contrasted with Camilla, who was
meant for Mrs. Garrick.
Miss Fanny Macartney was of a clinraclcr which, at
least in its latter stages, seems to demand two pencils to
delineate ; so diversely was it umlerstood, or appreciated.
To many she passed for being pedantic, sarcastic, and
supercilious : as such, she affrighted the timid, who
shrunk into silence; and braved the bold, to whom she
allowed no quarter. 'I'liu latter, in truth, seemed to sti-
mulate exertions which brought her faculties hito play;
and which — besides creating admiration in all who es-
caped her shafts — apiieared to offer to her.sclf a mental
exercise, useful to her health, and agreeable to her spirits.
Her understanding was truly masculine ; not from
being harsh or rough, but from depth, soundness, and
capacity ; yet her fine small features, and the whole
style of her beauty, looked as if meant by Nature for the
most feminine delicacy : but her voice, which had some-
thing in it of a croak ; and her manner, latterly at least,
of sitting, which was that of lounging completely at her
ease, in such curves as she found most commodious, with
her head alone upright; and her eyes commonly fixed,
with an expression ratlier alarming than flattering, in
examination of some object that caught her attention ;
probably caused, as they naturally excited, the hard gene-
ral notion to her disadvantage above nienlimicd.
This notion, nevertheless, though almost universally
harboured in the circle of her public acquaintance, was
nearly reversed in the smaller circles that came more in
contact with her feelings. By this last must be under-
stood, solely, the few who were happy enough to possess her
liivour ; and to tliein she was a treasure of ideas and of
variety. The keenest of her satit. yielded its asperity
to the zest of her good-huinour, and the kindness of her
heart. Her noble indifference to su|)crior rank, if placed
in opposition to superior merit ; and her delight in com-
paring notes with those with whom she desired to balance
opinions, established her, in her own elected set, as one
of the first of women. And though the fame of her
lieauty must pass away in the same oblivious rotation
which has withered that of her rival contemporaries, the
fame of her intellect nnist ever live, while sensibility
may be linked with poetry, and the Ode to Inditlcrcnce
shall remain to show their union.
The various incidents that incited nnd led to tlie con-
nection that resulted frou. this impassioned opening, ap-
pertain to the history of Mr. Greville; but,^iii its so-
iemn ratification, yomig Burney took a part so essential,
as to produce a striking and pleasing cimsequcnco to
much of his after liio.
Tlie wedding, thougii no one but the bride and bride-
groom themselves kiuvv why, was a stolen one, and kept
profoundly secret; which, notw ishstanding the bride was
underage, wasby no means, at that time, dillicult, the mar-
riage act liavinr: not yet passed. Young Burney, though
the most juvenile of the party, was fixed upon logive the
lady a\vay,« which cvimed a trust nnd a partiality in the
bridegroom, that were immediately adopted by his fair
partner; and by her unremittingly sustained, with the
frankest confidence, and the sincerest esteem, through
the whole of a long and varied lite. With sense and
taste such as hers, it wns not, indeed, likely she should
be slack to discern imd dcvolope a merit so Ibrnicd to
meet their iiercoptions.
When the new married pair went through the custom-
ary routine of matrimonial elopers, namely, that of re-
turning home to demand pardon nnd a blessing, Mr.
-Macartney coolly said : " Mr. Greville has chosen to
* The bride's sisters, the Misses Macartney, were
privately iiresent at this clandestine ccrcniotiy.
take a wife out of (he window, whom he niiyht just as
well have taken out uf the door."
The immediate coneurrcnce of the lovely new mistress
of Wilbnry House, in desiring the society, even more
than enjoying tlio talents of her lord and master's favour-
ite, uceaNion( (1 his residence there to be nearly as unbro-
ken as their own. And the whole extensive neighbour-
hood so completely joined in this kind partiality, that
no cngagenunt, no assemblage whatsoever tixjk place,
from the most seh ■ lly private, to the most gorgeously
public, to which the (ii( villes were invited, in which ho
was not imliided: and he formed at that period many
connections (if lasting and honourable intimacy; parti-
eularly with Dr. Hawki'swortb, M. Boonr, and M. Co.x.
They ailed, also, sundry proverbs, interludes, and
farces, in which young Burney was always a principal
personage. In one, ainunst others, he played his part
with a humour so enteilaining, that its nick-namo was
fastened upon him for many years after its ajipropriatu
representation. It would be dillicult, indeed, not to ac-
cord him theatrical tab nts, when he cunhl perform with
success a character so little congenial with his own, as
that of a finical, conceited coxcomb, a paltry and illite-
rate jioltroon ; nami ly. Will Fribble, I-sq., in Garrick's
fiice of Miss in her 'leens. Mr. Greville himself was
(-'aptain Flash, nnd the beautiful .Mrs. Greville was Miss
Biddy Bellair ; by which three names, from tlie great di-
version their adoption had aftbrded, they corrcsjwndcd
with one another during several years.
'I'liu more serious honour that had been conferred iifion
young Burney, of jiersonating the part of father to Mrs.
Greville, was siieeecded, in due season after these gay
lispousals, by that of personating the part of god-father
to her daughter ; in standing, as tJie representative of
the Duke of Beaufort, at the baptism of Miss Greville,
afterwards the all-admired, and indescribably beautiful
Lady Crcw<'.
Little could he then foresee, that lie was bringing into
the Christian conimnnity a permanent blessing for his
own after-life, in one of the most cordial, confidential,
open-hearted, and unalterable of his fricnda.
DSTIIEn.
But not to Mr. Greville alone was flung one of tlioso
blissful or banel'iil darts, that sometimes fix in a moment,
and irreversibly, the domestic fate of man ; just such
another, as potent, as pointed, as piercing, yet as deli-
cious, penetrated, a short time afterwards, the breast of
young Burney ; and from eyes perhaps as lovely, thougli
not as celebrated ; and from a mind jicrhaps as highly
gifted, though not as renowned.
Esther Sieepe — this inci'jorialist's mother — of whom
she must now with reverence, with fear — yet w ith pride
and delight — ofler the tribute of a description — wns
small nnd delicate, but not diminutive, in person. Her
fiice had that sculptural oval form which gives to the air
of the head something like the ideal perfection of the
poet's imagination. Her fair complexion was embel-
lished by a rosy hue upon her cheeks of Ilcbc freshnes .
Her eyes were of the finest azure, and beaming with the
brightest intcUigrnce ; though they owed to the soilness
of their lustre a still more resistless fascination ; and
they were set in her head with such a peculiarity of cle-
ganeo in shape and proiiorlion, that tliey ir:partcd a no-
bleness of cxprts.'-ion lo her brow and to her forehead,
that, whether she were beheld when attired for society ;
or surprised under the negligence of domestic avocation ;
she could be viewed by no stranger whom she did not
strike with admiration ; she could Ix; broken in upon by
no old friend who did not Ic/ok at her with new pleasure.
It was at a dance that she first was seen by young
Burney, at the house of his elder brother, in Hatton
( Jardiii ; and that first sight was to him decisive, for he
was not more charmed by her beauty tlian enchanted by
her conversation.
So cxlraonUiiary, indeed, were the endowments of her
mind, that, her small opportunity for their attainment
considered, they are credible only from having been
known upon proof.
Young Burney at this time had no power to sue for
the hand, though he had still less to forbear suing for
the heart, of this fair creature: not only he had no for-
tune to lay at her feet, no homo to which ho could take
her, no prosperity which he could invite her to share;
another barrier, which seemed to him still more formi-
dable, stood imperviously in liis way— his peculiar po-
sition with Mr. Greville.
That gontloman, in ft'eeing the subject of these me-
moirs from his engagements with Dr. Arne, meant to
act with as much kindnc^s as munificence; for, casting
aside all ostentatious parade, he hud shown himself as
1
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1 " ■<..■■ L».. , ' •■/>!;
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tf %H' i':.;
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3.'i6
niEMOIRS OF DR. BURNLY.
>t'i3
kl:-^-:
desirous to gain, as to become, a friend. Yet was there
no reason to supimse he purposed to reara vine, of which
ho would not touch the grapes.
To be liberal, suited at once the real good taste of his
character, and his opinion of what was due to his runic
in life ; and in procuring to himself the doublu pleasure
of the society and the talents of young JJurncy, ho
thought his largess to Ur. Arne well bestowed | but it
escaiMjd his reflections, that the youth whom ho made
his companion in London at Wilbury House, at Ncw-
niarkct, and at Hath, in quitting the rCj-'ular pursuit ol
his destined profession, risked (brleiting the most cer-
tain guarantee to prosperity in business, progressive per-
severance.
It was then he first felt the torment of uncertain si-
f nation ; it was then he oppre( i;ited the high male value
of self dependence; it was then he first conceived, that,
though gaiety may be tijund and Ibllowcd, and met, and
enjoyed abroad, not tliere, but at home, is happinessi
Yet, from the moment a bosom whisper sodly mur-
mured to liiin the name of Csther, ho had no liiiliciilly to
believe in the distinct existence of happiness from plea-
sure; and — still less to devise where — for him — it must
be sought.
When he made known to his fair enslaver his singular
position, and "-.treated her counsel to disentangle him
irom a ne', of which, till now, the soft texture had im-
peded s!' discernment of the confinement, the early wis.
doni with which she preached to him patience and for-
bearance, rather diminished than augmented his power
of practising either, by an increase of admiration that
doubled the eagerness of his passion.
Nevertheless, he was fain to comply with her counsel,
though less from acquiescence than from helplessness
how to devise stronger measures, while under this name-
less species of obligation to Mr. Grcville, which he could
not satisfy his delicacy in breaking; nor yet, in adher-
ing to, justify his sense of his own rights.
But a discovery the most painful of the perturbed state
of hia mind, was soon afterwards impelled by a change
ofaft'airs in the Grevilles, which they believed would
enchant him with pleasure; but which they found, to
their unspeakable aslohishmcnt, overpowered hiin with
afHiction.
This was no other than a plan of going abroad for
some years, and of including him in their party.
Concealment was instantly at an end. The suddci
dismay of his ingenuous countenance, though it told not
the cause, betrayed past recall his repugnance to the
scheme.
With parts so lively, powers of observation so ready,
and a spirit so delighting in whatever was uncommon
and curious, they had e.\pected that such a prospect ol
visiting new countries, surveying new scenes, mingling
with new characters ; and traversing the foreign world,
under their auspices, in all its splendour, would have
raised in him a bnoyant transport, exhilarating to be-
hold. But the sudden paleness that overspread his fiice ;
his downcast eye; the quiver of his lips; and the unin-
telligible stammer of his vainly attempted reply, excited
interrogatories so an.\ious and so vehement, that they
soon induced an avowal that a secret power had gotten
possession of his mind, and sturdily exiled from it all
ambition, curiosity, or pleasure, that came not in the
form of an oftering to its all absorbing shrine.
Every objection and admonition which he had anti-
cipated, wore immediately brought forward by this con-
fcssion ; but they were presented with a lenity that
showed his advisers to be fully capable of conceiving,
llnmgh persuaded that tliey ought tooppose his feelings.
Uiscoiiccrtc'd, as well as dejected, because dissatisfied
OS well as unhappy in his situation, from mental, incer-
titudes what were its real calls; and whether or Mot
the ties of interest and obligation were here ofsutficie.it
strength to demand the sacrifice of those of love ; le
attempted not to vindicate, unreflectingly, his wishes;
and still less did lie permit himself to treat them as his
intentions. With faint smiles, therefore, but stilled
sighs, liu heard with civil attention, their opinions ;
though, determined not to involve himself in any em-
barrassing conditions, he would risk no reply ; and soon
afterwards, curbing his emotion, he started abruptly
another subject.
" Tlicy tliQught liim wise, and followed as lie led."
All the anguish, however, that was here suppressed,
found vent with redoubled force at the feet of the fair
partner in his disappointment; who, while unaflfcctedly
sharing it, resolutely declined receiving clandestinely
his hand, though tenderly sho clung to his heart. She
would listen to no project tliat might loud hint to relin-
quish such solid friends, at the very moment that they
were preparing to give lilm the strongest proof of their
fondness f(>r his society, and of their zeal in his benefit
and improvement.
Young Burncy was not the less unhappy at this de-
cision from being sensible of its justice, since his judg-
ment could not but thank her, in secret, tor pronouncing
the hard dictates of his own.
All that lie now soliciti-d was her picture, that he
might wear her reseniblaneo ne.\t his heart, lill that
heart should beat to its responsive original.
With this request she gracefully complied; and she
sate for him to Spencer, one of tlio most famous minia-
ture painters of that day.
Of striking likeness was this performance, of which
the head and uiioiiiamentcd hair wore cxeuted willi the
most chaste siniplicily ; and yuuiig IJurney reaped from
this possession all that had (lowcr to afford liiiu consola-
tion; since ho now could soften offtlie pangs of separa-
tion, by gliding from company, public pluees or assem-
blages, to commune by himself with the countenance ol
all he held most dear.
Thus solaced, he resigned himself with more courage
to his approaching misfortune.
The Grevilles, it is probable, from seeing him appa-
rently revived, imagined that, awakened from his flights
of fancy, ho was recovering his senses: but when, liom
this idea, they started, with light raillery, the tender
subject, they found their utter mistake. The most dis-
tant hint of abandoning such excellence, save tor liie
moment, and from the moment's necessity, nearly con-
vulsed him with inward disturbance ; and so changed
his whole appearance, that, concerned as well as amazed,
they were themselves glad to hasten from so piercing a
topic.
Too much moved, however, to regain his equilibrium,
he could not be drawn from a disturbed taciturnity, till
shame, conquering his agitation, enabled him to call
back his self-command. He forced, then, a laugh at
his own emotion ; but presently afterwards seized with
an irresistible desire of showing what he thought its
vindication, ho took from his bosom the cherished minia-
ture, and placed it, fearfully, almost awfully, upon a
table.
It was instantly and eagerly snatched from hand to
hand by the gay couple ; and young Burney had the un-
speakable relief of perceiving that this impulsive trial
was successful. With expansive smiles they examined
and discussed the charm of the complexion, the beauty
of the features, and the sensibility and sweetness con-
veyed by their expression : and what was then the joy,
the pride of heart, the soul's delight of the subject ol
these memoirs, when those fastidious judges, and supe-
rior sell-possessors of petsunal attractions, volur.larily
and generously united in avowing that they could no
longer wonder at hi.-'captivation.
As a statue he stood fi.xed before them ; a smiling one,
indeed; a happy one; but as breathless, as speechless,
as molioiiless.
Mr. Grcville then, with a laugh exclaimed, " But why,
Burney, why don't you marry her ?"
Whether this were uttered sportively, inadvertently,
or seriously, young Burney took neither time nor re-
flection to weigh; but, starting forward with ingenuous
transporl, called out, " May I ''■"
No negative could immediately follow an interrogatory
that had thus been invited ; and to have pronounced one
in another minute would have been too late ; lor the
enraptured and ardent young lovor, hastily construing
a short jiausc into an ufliriiiative, blithely left them to
the enjoyment of their palpable aiiiusonient at his pre-
cipitancy; and flew, with extatic telerily, to proclaim
himself liberated from all mundane shackles, to her with
whom he thought eternal bondago would be a state ce-
lestial.
From this period, to that of their e.\quisitely happy
union,
■' Gallop'il apace tlic ficiy- footed steeds,"
that urged on timo with as much gay delight as pran-
cing rapidity; for if they had not, in their matrimonial
preparations, the luxuries of wealth, neither had they
its fatiguing ceremonies; if they hud not the security of
future advantage, they avoided the torment of present
procrastination ; and if they had but little to bestow
upon one another, they were saved, at least, the impa-
tience of waiting for the seals, signatures, and etiquettes
of lawyers, to bind down a lucrative pros[>erily to sur
vivursliip.
To tlio mother of the bride, nione of her family, was
coulided, on Iho instant, this spontaneous, this sudden
felicity. Little formality was loquisite, before the
passing of the marriage at:, for presenting at the hy.
ii.eneul i'Itt 'i destined votaries; and contracts the
inoLi ,;,!';! -lid bo rendered indissoluble almost at
the V ju m ,.- lent c*" their proieoti..n: a strange dtimh
of tbro.s-.. !■. -J il\'- ■ !' r.'i'-l-'-tors who could so little vveiirli
the clii'!': • i'l- .nmor's judgment upon what, event,
ally, lUiV ui'hor suit his taste or form his happiness
tiir the larger portion of exi.-itence that commonly fol.'
lows his majority.
All plan of goingabroad wasnow, of course, at an pnd-
and the Grevilles, and their beautil'ul iiilimt daughter'
leaving behind tliein Benedict the married man, set out
a family trio, upon their tour.
Rarely can the highest zest of pleasure awaken, in its
most active votary, a sprightliness of pursuit more m
or more spirited, than iMr. Burney now ex|)crieiice(l and
e.xhibitcd in the commonly grave and sober career oi'
business, from the ardour of his desire to obtain ecll-
depcndence.
He worked not, indeed, with the fiery excitement of
expectation; his reward was already in his hands; but
from the nobler impulse he worked of meriting his fair
lot ; while she, his stimulus, deemed her own the highest
prize from that matrimonial wheel whence issue bliss or
banc to the remnant life of a sensitive female.
It was in the city, in consequence of his wife's con.
nections, that Mr. Burney made his first eisay as a hcune-
keepcr ; and with a prosperity that left not a doubt of liis
ultimate success. Scholars, in his musical art, poured in
upon him from all quorters of that British m' '■iian;ond
he mounted so rapidly into the good graces of liiosc who
were most opulent and most influential, that it was no
sooner known that there was a vacancy for an organist
professor, in one of the fine old fabrics of devotion which
decorate religion in the city and reflect credit on our
commercial ancestors, than the Fullers, iJankcys, and all
other great houses of the day to which he had yc. been
introduced, exerted themselves in his service with an ac
tivity and a warmth that were speedily successful; and
that he constantly recounted with pleasure.
Anxious to improve as well as to prosper in his profes-
sion, he also elaborately studied composition, and brought
forth ceveral musical pieces. But Mr. Burney, whether
from overstrained efforts in business ; or from an applica-
tion exceeding his physical powers in composition; or
from the changed atmosphere of Cheshire, Shropshire,
and Wiltshire, for the confined air of our great and
crowded city; which had not then, as now, by a \asl
mass of improvement, been made nearly as sane as it is
populous ; suddenly fell, from a state of the most vigoroos
health, to one, the most alarming, of premature decay
And to this defalcation of strength was shortly added tl :
seizure of a violent and dangerous fever that threaten d
his life.
The excellent and able Dr. Armstrong, already t.c
friend of the invalid, was now sent to his aid by the Hon,
and Rev. Mr. Home, who had conceived the warmest es-
teem for the subject of these memoirs. The very sight
of this eminent physician was medicinal ; tliough the tor-
ture he inflicted by the blister after blister with which he
deemed it necessary to almost cover, and almost flay
alive, his poor patient, required til the high opinion in
which that patient held the doctor's skill for enduranct.
The unsparing, but wcU-jioised, prescriptions of this
poetical -/Eseulnjiius, succeeded, however, in dellironiiif
and extirpating the raging fever, that, perhaps, whii
milder means, had undermined the suft'erer's exislcncc.
But a consumptive menace ensued, with all its fearful |
train of cough, night perspiration, weakness, glassy e;eii,
and hectic complexion; and Dr. Armstrong, foreseeing
an evil beyond the remedies of medicine, slitiiuously
urged an adoption of their most efficient successor,
change of air.
The patient, therefore, was removed to Canonbury-
liouse ; whence, ere long, by the further advice, nay, in-
junction, of Dr. Armstrong, he was compelled tn relire
wholly from London; after an illness by which, for thir-
teen weeks, he had been confined to his bed.
Most fortunately, Mr. Burney, at this time, had propo-
sals made to him by a Norfolk baronet. Sir John Turner,
who was member for Lynn Regis, of the place of organist
of that royal borough ; of which, for a young man of
talents and character, the mayor and corporotion offered
to raise the salary from twenty to one hundred pounds a
year; with an engagement for procuring to him the most
respectable pupils from all the best families in tlic tmtn
and its neighbourhood.
Though greatly chagrined and mortified to quit a
situation in which he now was surrounded by cordiiil
friends, who wore zealously preparing for him all Ita
harinonical honour
Ironaire; tliedeclini
bif pronuiineed opi
ftilor, decided the i
Barney, with his fi
iHiv destination.
.Mr. iturney was
Cuiur, that could d
anls to attach and f
dutod by Sir John
(order, clergy, phyi
chants, who formed
and wlio in their t
eminent for the goo
ialesrlty of their de
Tiic wife and the
and lliis generous i
the one, and kind pi
llin oilier, east awa;
devoted himself to h
dour that left iiothi
the grasp o{ industi
came within the rea
He had immediai
every house in Lyn
tensions to belongin
while almost all pers
sought the assistanc
the education of the
society for their own
Willi regard to tl
ncy liad soon nothin,
ship, or politeness ; i
ever entered a housi
leaving it upon those
.it Holcomb, the s
of pictures, could noi
such strong native ta
his wife ; though, as
ceded the possession
neither pupils nor a n
ofthc civilities of re
ivitli iMr. Burncy ar
house of Leicester, t
Hauglitoii Hall bo
pictures that not onli
British patriot in tlie
no longer.*
It had, however, ir
cr, Sir Robert Walpc
of the most liberal <
munificent in promot
bleiilig pleasure v
the frank equality w
and the case and free
humour and good sei
tal board.
Far, nevertheless, I
this noble peer ; and
and example, were as
which he ought to hr
the political corrupt
statesman, had been
courtly circles of hi:
to bring to proof, his
has his price."
At the head of Loi
reception of his visitt
simply "Patty;" and
the most intimate of
same free ap|)ellation
Those, however, if
conclude from this d(
of Lord Orford was
lave been undeceive
ment upon such a be
ed, though he reward
Med ; but the fond, f
wss of passion, tliot
lions, her own frailtie
hi all, save that bio
be ever indelible, PatI
«nd praise-worthy.
The table of Lord
thur's Round Table, a
merit that iu ncighbc
•The whole of this
had been formed in 1
eimiary difficulties, b'
fw £40,000, to Catho
MFJIOIRS OF DR. BURNEY.
357
course, at nn mil;
iiiluiit ilnughur,
■icd mull, sit oul,
ipcr in his profca.
ition, and broueht
Burney, wlicllicr
r from an applica-
composition; or
sliire, Sliropshire,
if our great and
3 now, by a \asl
y as sane as it is
tlic most vigorous
jvemature decay
shortly added tl ;
that tlircatcn i
d to Canonlniry-
r advice, nay, in-
)inpelled to retire
ly whicli, for tliir-
< bed.
I time, liad propo-
Sir John Turner,
place of organist
a young man of
orporution offered
timuired pounds i
g to him the most
lilies in the to\tu
jrtified to quit i
unded by cordi"!
for him all ite
haniionical honours which the city holds within its pa.
lronii(,"'i til" declining hualtli of the iiiviilid,and the forei-
blv pronounced opinion of his scientitic medical couii-
stjlor, decided the acccptiinec of this propoNiil; and JMr.
Biirmy, with his first restored strength, set out lor his
iiciv di'slinulion.
.Mr. iturney was received at Lynn with every mark of
fiv ,ur, tliiit could demonstrate the desire of its inhabit-
jnu to attach and fix him to lliat 8|Kit. lie was intro-
duced by Sir John Turner to the iniiyor, aldernien, re-
corder, clergy, physicians, lawyers, and principal iner-
clianti", who Ibrmcd the higher population of tlie town ;
and wiio in their tratlic, the wine trade, were cipially
eminent for the goodness of their merchandise and the
iateitrity of their dealings.
Tiic wife and the babies were soon now in his arms;
and tliia generous appreciator of the various churins of
the Olio, and kiml protector of the infantile feeblciicss ol
the oilier, east away every remnant of discontent ; and
devoted himself to his family and profession, with an ar-
dour that letl nothing unattempted that seemed within
llie gra!<p of industry, and nothing unaccomplislied that
came within the reach of [jci severance.
He had immediately for iiis pupils the daughters of
every house in Lynn, whose chief had the smallest pre-
tensions to belonging to the ui)per classes of the town ;
nhilc almost all persons of rank in its vicinity, eagerly
sought the assistance of the new professor for iwlishing
the education of their females : and nil alike coveted his
society for their own information or entertainment.
With regard to tl : extensive neighbourhood, Mr. Bur-
nev bad soon nothing left to desire in hospitality, fricnd-
siiip, or imhtencss ; and here, as heretofore, he scarcely
ever entered a house upon terms of business, without
leaving it upon those of intimacy.
At nolcomb, the superb collection of statues, as well as
of pictures, could not fail to soon draw thither persons of
sucli strong native taste for all the arts as Mr, Burney and
bis wife ; though, as there were, at that time, which pre-
ceded the possession of that fine mansion by the Cokes,
neither pupils nor a male chief, no intercourse beyond that
of tlie civilities of reception on a public day, took place
Willi Mr. Burney and the last very ancient lady of the
house of Leicester, to whom Holcomb then belonged.
Haughtoii Hall boasted, at that period, a collection of
pictures that not only every lover of painting, but every
British patriot in tjic arts, must lament that it can boast
no longer.*
It had, however, in the heir and grandson of its found-
er, Sir Robert Walpolc, first Earl of Orford, a (Kisscssor
oflhc most liberal cast; a patron of arts and artists;
tnunificcnt in promoting the prosperity of the first, uiid
blcnlig pleasure with recompense to the second, by
the frank equality with which he treated all his guests ;
and the ease and freedom with which his unaft'ectcd good
liumour and good sense cheered, to all about him, his fes-
tal board.
Fir, nevertheless, from meriting unqualified praise was
this nublc |)ccr ; and his moral defects, both in practice
and example, were as dangerous to the neighbourhood, of
which he ought to have been the guide and protector, as
Ihc political corruption of his famous progenitor, the
statesman, had been hurtful to probity and virtue, in the
courtly circles of his day, by prochiiming, and striving
to bring to proof, his nefarious maxim, " that every man
has his price."
At the head of Lord Ort rd's table was placed, for the
reception of his visiters, a person whom he denominated
simply "Patty;" and that so unccreinnniously, that all
the most intimate of his associates addressed her by the
same free ap|x;llalion.
Those, however, if such there were, who might con-
conclude from this degrading familiarity, that the Patty
of Lord Orford was " every body's Patty," must soon
have been undeceived, if tempted to make any experi-
ment upon such a belief. The peer knew whom ho trust-
ed, though he rewarded not the fidelity in which he con-
fided ; but the fond, faulty Patty loved him with a blind-
ness of passion, that hid alike from her weak percep-
tions, her own frailties, and his seductions.
In all, save that blot, which, on earth, must to a female
be ever indelible, Patty was good, faithful, kind, friendly,
and praise-worthy.
The table of Lord Orford, then commonly called Ar-
thur'a Round Table, assembled in its circle all of peculiar
merit that its neighbourhood, or rather that the county
the renowned, and the
ill.i.s, or the metropolis.
The whole of this finest gallery of pictures that, then,
had been formed in England, was sold, during some pe-
cuniary difficulties, by iU owner, George, Earl of Orford,
for £40,000, to Catherine tlio Great, Empress of Russia.
produced, to iiioct there the great
splendid, who, from their various
visited llaiii;lit(in Hall.
.Mr. liiiniey was soon one of those whom the peneliat-
iiij; peer scleeled for a general invitation to his repasts;
and who here, as at Wilbury House, liiriiied .'sundry inli-
iimeics, some of which wore enjoyed by him nearly
Ihrnngh lili'.
Meuiiwliilc, he had made too real an impression on the
atVeetions of his first friends, to let absence of sight pro.
duee absence of mind. Willi Mr. and Mrs. Greville he
was always in eorrespondeiice; thnngh, of course, neither
freinu'iitly nor piineluully, now that his ciigngeinents
were so iiuniernii.s, his obligations to fulfil them so serious,
and that his own fireside was so hewileliingly in harmony
with his feelings, as to make every moment he passed
away from it a sacrifice.
.^Ir. (ireville, now, was assuming a new character —
that of an author ; and he printed a work which he had
long had in agitation, entitled " Maxims, Characters, and
Rclleetioiis, iMoral, (Serious, and Entertaining ;" a title
that sconiod to announce that England, in its turn, was
now to produce, in a man of family and fashion, a La
Bruyere, or a La Uochcfoucniilt. And Mr. Greville, in
fact, waited for a similar tiime with dignity rather than
anxiety, because with expectation uncloggcd by doubt.
DOCTOR JOHNSON.
How singularly Mr. Burney merited encouragement
himself, cannot more aptly be cxemjilified than by por-
traying the genuine ardour with which he sought to
stimulate the exertions of genius in others, and to pro-
mote their golden ns well as literary laurels,
Mr. Burney was one of the first and most fervent ad-
mirers of those luminous jx^riodical essays upon morals,
literature, and human nature, that adorned the eighteenth
century, and immortalised their author, under the vague
and inadequate titles of the Rambler ond the Idler. He
took them both in ; he read them to all his friends ; and
was the first to bring them to a bookish little coterie that
assembled weekly at Mrs, Stephen Allen's,
At Haughton, at Fclbrig, at Rainham, at Sir A.Wode-
house's, at Alajor Mackenzie's, and wlicrevcr his judg-
ment had weight, Mr. Burney introduced and reeoin-
nicnded these papers. And when, in 175.5, the plan of
Dr. Johnson's Dictionary reached Norfolk, Mr. Burney,
by the zeal with which he spread the fame of that lasting
monument of the Doctor's matchless abilities, was enabled
to collect orders for a Norfolk packet of half a dozen co-
pies of that noble work.
This empowered him to give some vent to his admira-
tion ; and a letter made the opening to a connection that
he always considered as one of the greatest honours of
his life.
Within two months of the date of this letter, its writer
was honoured with the follow ing answer.
" TO MB. niJR.NEV, I.N r.VNN REGIS, NORFOLK.
" Sir, — If you imagine that by delaying my answer I
intended to show any neglect of the notice with which
you have fiivourcd mc, you will neither think justly of
yourself nor of inc. Your civilities were ofiered with
too much elegance not to engage attention ; and I have
too much pleasure in pleasing men like you, not to feel
very sensibly the distinction which you have bestowed
upon me,
" Few consequences of my endeavours to please or to
benefit mankind, have delighted mo more than your
friendship thus voluntarily ottered ; which, now I have if,
I hope •& keep, because I hope to continue to deserve it.
" I have no Dictionaries to dispose of for myself; but
shall be glad to have you direct your friends to Mr. Dods-
ley, because it was by his recommendation that I was
em|)loycd in the work.
" When you have leisure to think again upon me, let
me be favoured witli another letter, and another yet, when
you have looked into my Dictionary. If you find faults,
I sholl endeavour to mend them : if you find none, I
shall think you blinded by kind partiality : but to have
made you partial in his favour will very much gratify the
ambition of, sir, your most obliged and most humble
servant, Sa.m. Johnson,
" Gough-tqtwre, Flecl-street, April 8, 1755."
It was yet some years later, before Mr. Burney found
an opportunity of paying his personal respects to Dr.
Johnson; who then, in 1760, resided in chambers at the
Temple. No account, unfortunately, remains of this first
interview, except an anecdote that relates to Mr. Bcwiey.
While awaiting the appearance of his revered host,
Mr. Burney recollected a sujiplication from the philoso-l
pher of Massingham, to bo indulged with ionic token,]
however trilling or coimnoii, of his friend's admission to
the habitation of this great man. Vainly, however, Mr.
Hurney looked around the apartinenf fur soniethiiig that
lie niii;lit iiinoxioiisly purloin. Niitliiiig Iml coarse and
necessary fiiriiiture was in view; nothing [lorlalili' — not
even a wafer, the cover of a letter, or n s|ilit pen, was to
be caught; till, at length, lie had the hnppiness to espio
an old hearth broom in the chimney corner. From this,
with lia.sfy glee, he cut off a bristly wisp, whieli l.c hur-
ried into his pocket-book ; niid afierwards fcniially fold-
ed in silver pa|)er, and forwarded, in a frank, to Lord Or-
liird, for Mr. Bewley; by whom tlii' l)iirles(|iie offering
was hailed with good-humoured ueelamalion, and pre-
served tlirougli lite.
In ITtiO, .Mr. Burney, with his wife and young family,
returned to London. The new establishment was in
Poland strec't.
The opening of this new plan of life was ns success-
ful to Mr. Burney as its projection had been promising.
Pupils of rank, wealth and talents, were continually pro-
posed to him ; and, in a very short time, he had hardly an
hour unappropriated to soino fair di.sciple.
KSTHEU.
Thus glided away, in peace, domestic joys, improve-
ment, and prosperity, this first — and last ! happy year of
the new London residence. In the course of tlie second,
a cough, with alarming symptoms, menaced the breast
of the lite and soul of the little circle ; consisting now
of six children, clinging with equal affection around each
parent chief.
She rapidly grew weaker and worse. Her tender hus-
band hastened her to Bristol Hotwells, whither he fol-
lowed her ujion his first possible vacation ; and where,
in a short time, he had the cxtasy to believe that he saw
her recover, and to bring her back to her fond little
family.
But though hope was brightened, expectation was de-
ceived ! stability of strength was restored no more ; and,
in the ensuing autumn, she was seized with an inflam-
matory disorder with which her delicate and shaken
frame had not force to combat. No means were left un-
essaycd to stop the progress of danger ; but all were
fruitless ! and, after less than a week of pain the most
terrific, the deadly ease of mortification suddenly, aw-
fully succeeded to the most excruciating torture.
Twelve stated hours of morbid bodily repose became,
from that tremendous momcntof baleful relief, the counted
boundary of her earthly existence.
The wretchedness of her idolising husband at the de-
velopment of such a predestined termination to her suf-
ferings, when pronounced by the celebrated Dr. Hunter,
was only not distraction. But she herself, though com-
pletely aware that her hours now were told, met the irre-
vocable doom with open, religious, end even cheerful com-
posure — sustained, no doubt, by the blessed aspirations of
mediatory salvation; and calmly declaring that she quit-
ted the world with perfect tranquillity, save for leaving
her tender husband and helpless children. And, in the
arms of that nearly frantic husband, who till that fatal
epoch had literally believed her existence and his own,
in this mortal journey, to be indispensably one — she ex-
pired.
When the fatal scene was finally closed, tlie disconso-
late survivor immured himself almost from light and
life, through inability to speak or act, or yet to bear wit-
nesses to his misery.
A total chasm ensues of all account of events belonging
to the period of this irreparable earthly blast. Not a jier-
sonal memorandum of the unhappy survivor is left ; not
a single document in his handwriting, except of verses to
her idea, or to her memory; or of imitations, adapted to
his loss, and to her excellences, from some selected son-
nets of Petrarch, whom he considered to have loved, en-
tombed, and bewailed another Esther in his Laura.
From his mournful monotony of life, he was cspc.
cially, however, called, by reflecting that his eldest daugh-
ter was fast advancing to that age when education is
most requisite to improvement ; and that, at such a period,
the loss of her mother and instructress might be |>ermu-
nently hurtful to her, if no measure should be taken to
avert the possible consequences of neglect.
Yet the idea of a governess, who, to him, unless his
children were wholly confined to the nursery, must indis-
pensably be ft species of companion, was not, in his pre-
sent desolate state of mind, even tolerable. Nevertheless
masters without superintendence, and lessons without
practice, he well knew to be nugatory. Projects how to
remedy this evil, as fruitless as they were numberless,
crossed his mind; till a plan oecurred to him, that by
combining economy with novelty, and change of scene
. ' i
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niEMnins OF nn. niR\EY.
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'"' .
' ,T ■
•)
1 '( ■•
i-' ,
.,
t;
for himsclt', witli varioiia iiioJcs of lulvaiiLigc lo liis
dimglitcrs, ripciu'd into nil cxcrliim tliut bi'ou;rlil liiiii,
about a iiioutli ul'lur its formation, to tlic gates ot' X'uris.
I'AItlS.
Immedlatrly upon his nrrivul nt Paris, Mr. liurncy, by
lingular good fort nnr, had the honour to bo iiitioduci.'d to
I.ady C'lilford, a lionian Cathofic dowager, of a character
the most l)cncvoU'nt, who resided entirely iu France, liir
the pious purpose of enjoying witli facility the riles of
lu-r religion, which could not, at that |Kriod, be Ibllowed
in England without peril of persecution.
This lady took the children of .Air. Burncy into her
kindest favour, auil invited their lather to consult with
her unrcserveilly upon his projects and wishes ; and
through such honourable auspices, scarcely ten days
elapsed, ere lOsthcr and Susan were placed uiuler tlie
care of ■Midanie St. Marl, a woman of perfect goodness
of heart, and of a disposition the most alfeclionatc.
iNLidamo St. M.irt was nccnstonied to the charge of
drs jeitne.s ylng/ii/.sYS, two daughters of Sir Willonghby
Aston, Selina and iielinda, being then under her rouf
Highly salislieil with this arrangeuu'iit, .Air. Ihirney
now visitird the delightl'ul capital of I'Vance; made him-
uelf acquainted with its aiitiiiuities, curiosities, public
buildings, public places, general law.s, and peculiar cus-
toms; its politic.^;, its resources, its festivities, its arts and
its artists: as well as with the arbitrary lyraiuiies, and
degrading oppressions towards the lower classes, wliich,
at that epoch were, to un lOnglish looker-on, incomprehen-
sibly combined, not with murmurs nor di.-,cimtcnt, but
with the most lively animal spirits, and the freshest glee
of national gaiety.
But his chosen haunts were the public libraries, to
which an easiness of access, at that lime deplorably un
known in Knglaml, cm'onraged, nay, excited, the intelli-
gent visiter, who might he mentally inclined lo any lite
rary project, lo hit uimn some subject congenial to liis
taste; by rousing in him that spirit of ennilation, which
ultimately animates the liumbly instructed, to soar to the
lieights tiiat distinguish the luminous instrnclcr.
Collections of books, even the most nuiltiludinous and
the most rare, may hold, to the common rumier through
life, but an ordinary nicho in places ol' general resort ;
neverthelcpi-, the public libraries, those patrons of tin
mind, must always be enleri'd with a glow of grntelul
pleasure, by those who, instinetively, meditate upon the
vast mass of thou^'ht that they contain.
At the house cd' the Knglish .".mbiissador, the Earl (d
III rltiird, he became ac(piaii';ed with the celebrated
secretary of his lordship, the justly admired, and justly
eciisurid n.vvio IIi'mi:; who, with tli(^ sUHHd dlicni-
ment thatv.ailed neither name nor fame lor its stinndns
look Air, JJurney immediately and warmly into liis lli
vour.
Had this powerful and |)opular author, in his erndile,
r-pirited, and Intellii tu.il researches and relUetion-, given
1 1 maidiind his himinous talents, and his moral philoso.
phy, liir lair, open, ami tisifid purposes, suited lo tla
ijigli <'haraeter which he bore, not alone I'nr genius, but
for worth and biiievidence; instead (jf bending, blending
involving them with missive we.iponsof lianerni sarcasm
insidi(Uisly nt work lo underii ine lair form of fii'li; In
would have been hailed iniivers.iily, not applauded par-
tially, as, in every point, one uf the first of Itrilish
.rriiers.
To the world no man is ncrumdable f<jr his thoughts
anil his rmninalions; but for their propiiiialion, if tin y
ure dangerous or mischievous, the risks wliidi he may
allure others *'< share, seem impelled by wanton lack ol
feeling; it' not by an ignorant yet prchumptm is dearth
of foresight to the ell'eet he is worliing lo produce: two
defieieiieiea e<pi:illy impossilde to be iittrihuted lo a man
lo whom philanthropy Is us imcipiivoeally accorded aH
jihilosophy,
I'nsolved therefore, perhaps, yd remainn, as a problem
in the history of liiimau nature, how a being, at nme wim
and benign, could have refrained I'roiii tin' sell'examiua-
tion of demanding: what — had be benn Kiiecesslnl in e«
terminating from the lyes nnd the InartH of men IIk
Ic itiire nnd the doelriius of the Holy Seriplnro, — would
hiive Ix'cn aeliKved I Had he any i'IIm r more |K'rtl et
icliitioii lo oiler ' More pntilying from e\il,' more liir.
tifymg in niisl'orlnne ' more iiinsollng in woe?— No! —
indiibitalily no! — Nolh'ng fanHlicahur iiiyntic, could eo|H'
with |uilgini'nl such i.s liis. To nnileriiiiiie, not to con.
struct, is ull the oliviouM purjiose of his elforts— or«hieli
liu lament* tlio fuiluru a* n uulaiiiily !' lie lenviH, lhe^e■
' In hill loltcra,
tore, nothing lo conjecture of his motives but what least
■;cems lo belong to a character of his sedate c(|uanimily;
1 personal desire to proclaim lo mankind their folly in
their bcliel', and hia sagacity in his infidelity.
Air. Burncy now, greatly lighlencd, and somewlial
brightened in spirits, returned lo his ct.untry and his
home. His mind seemed no longer Icll in desolating
inertness to jircy upon itself. JSnlrimeiit of ai\ invigo-
rating nature was in view, though not yet of a consistence
to attf)rd s[)oiitaneous relreshment.
His Krst actual essay was a tritle, though a pleasing
one, from which no real fame couhl either accrue, or be
marred ; it was translating, and adapling to the stage, the
little pastoral alterpiecc of Rousseau, Lc Divan du
ViWigc.
(i.vuiaiK.
To this lie was urged by tJarrick; and the execution
was approjiriatc, and full of merit. Hot though the
music, from its simplicity and the sw eetncss of its melody,
was |)eculiarly fitted to rchne the public taste amongst
the middle cla.s.scs; while it could not liiil to give pussmg
pleasure even to the highest; the draniu was too denuded
of intricacy or variety for the amusement of John Bud;
and the appearance of only three interlocutors caused a
gaping e.xpcctiition of some loHowers, that made every
new scene begin by inllicting disappointment.
.Mr. CJarriek, and his accomplished, high-bred, and en-
gaging wife, La Violelta, had been amongst the earliest
ol'the pristine connections of Mr. Burncy.who had sought
liim, with comiiassionate kindness, as soon al\er his
heart-breaking loss as he couhl admit any friends to his
sight. The ensuing paragraph on his warm sentiments
of this talented and bew itching pair, is copied from one
of his inanuseript meiiiorniidmiis.
" .Aly aciiuaiutancc, ut this time, with Mrs. as well as
Mr. (iarrick, was im])roved into a real friendship; and
Ircipicnlly, on the Saturday night, win n Mr. (Jarrick did
not act, he carried me to his villa at Hampton, whence
he brought me lo my home early on .Monday morning.
I seldom was more happy than in these visits. His wit,
humour, and constant gaiety at lionn : and Mrs. IJar-
rick's good sense, good breeding, and obliging desire to
please, rendcrcil tlieir Hampton villa, on tliesc occasions,
a terrestrial paradise.
" .Mrs. (iarrick had every ficnlly of social judgment,
good taste, anil steadiness of eharaeter, which be ivai'tcd.
She was an e.veellent apprecialor of the line arts; and at-
leiid'd all the l,.st rehems.nls of new or of revived pliy.-,
lo give her opinien of elfects, dresses, scenery, and iiia-
ehinery. She seemed to be his real other half; and he,
liy his intelligeneu and aeeomplishmcnts, seemed to com-
piile the Hydroggyniis."
This emiiii lit couple paid their court lo Mr. Bnrnry
in the manner tli:il was most sure to be sueeessl'iil,
niiiiiely, by their endi aring and good-natured altenlions
to his young raniily; lieiiiuntly gi\ing tlieni, with smiie
chaperon ol'tluir liither's appointing, the lightsome plea-
sure of possessing .Mrs. tJ;irri( k's private lio.\ at Drury
I., me theatre; and that, from lime lo lime, even when
the iiieoinpar;d>le Koseiiis acti d himself
.Mr. (iarrick possessed not only every posdible inlleetion
ofMiiee, save for singing, but also of eoiuilenancc ; v:iry
ing his looks Into young, old, sick, vigorous, downcast,
or froliesoiiie, at his per'^oiial volition; as if his face, anil
even his liirni, had bei n put into his own Imnds to be
worked upon like .Man a Maehiiie.
.Mr. (iarrii k, alioiil this lime, warmly urged the sub-
ject of these nil nioirs to w t lo music an Knglish o|s'ra
called Orphius; but while, liir that pur|iose, iMr. I'lirney
was e.tamining the drama, he vras inliirmed Ihal It had
bi'en put into the hands of Mr. Ilarllieli iiioii, who was
pri paring it tiir the stage.
Asloiiisheil, and vi ry imieli hurt, Mr. Itiirney hasljly
ri'lurned the copy wilh whieh he had been entnisted, to
Mr. .lolmsloni', the prompter; dryly, nnd without letli r
or eoninien!, din cling him lo deliver it to .Mr. (iariick.
.Mr. (iarrick, with the ntinoHl nnimiilion, inslunlly
wrote lo,lolms|iiiie an iipoloiry r. it her than a ]llslilie;ltion^
desiring that the opera nIiouIiI be witliihawn from .Mr
llirlhelenion, und consigned wholly lo the siiliject of
these incmoirB; lor whom .Mr. (inr' 'k di eland liimaelf
lo enlerlniii n frii iidship that nnlhing should iIIkhoIvc.
Bill .Mr. Bunny, coneiiving thai Barllnlemnn, who
had c'l'i i.i'i il no one, iind who bore a most Niniahle ■ ha.
-ncler ..ig!>l justly resenl mo abrupt a discharge, tie.
elmeil setting llio opera ; and never afterwards eompoKed
liu the theatres.
This lr»il, however (riflhip, unnnot IjiiI bo coniiilcrcd
as biographical, at least for .Air. Garrick ; os it soBtrnni'lv
aulln nticales the veracity of the two principal lines of the
epitaph designed for Uoscius, many years al'terH auls, |iu
that acute observer of every character — save his (jwii;J.
Dr. Uoldsmitli.
"Jle cast off his friends as a huntsman his psck,
I'or he knew, when he would, he could whistle llitiii back ''
Whether negligence, mistake, or caprice, had occa-
sioned this double nomination to the same ollicc, is not
clear ; but (iarrick, who lovi d Mr. Burncy w ilh real at'.
lection, lost no time, and spared no blandishment, to to.
instate himself in the conlidcnce which this untoHanI
iieeident had someivhat shaken. And he liad Hill su,..
cess, to the great suiisfaction of Mr. Burncy, and jo, pf
his family; who all rapturously delighted in the lalints
and society Inf the immortal Koscius.
Air. (ireville now was greatly altered, from the larji-
and larger strides wliich lie had made, and was making
into the dangerous purlieus of horse racing and ,,\„^'.
into whose precincts, from the delusive diHeriiiceol tliij
snrliice from their foundation, no incursions con ]x
Iia7.:nded without as perilous a shake to eharnckr aial
disposition, as to fortune and conduct. And iMr. lire,
ville, who, always honourable, was almost necessurily j
frequent loser, was evidently on the high road to tun,
from a man of pleasure to a man of spleen; ventiiie lijj
wrath at his luilures upon the turf and at the cluli.<:, by
growing fastidious nnd cavilling in general suciely. Mf.
I'risp, therefore, bent to maintain the dear bonglit i|uici
of his worldly sacrifices as unininglcd with the turbulrnt
agitations ofqnernlona debnlc, as with the rcBtlcBs solici.
tildes of active lile, shunned tlie now pertinacious dispu.
tant almost with dread,
Yet Air. (in ville, about this period, was rescued, for a
while, from this hovering deterioration, thronjili liit i.v
ertions of his friends in the government, by whom lie
was naiiK (I minister pleni|)oteiiliary to the cenrt of Ba-
varia ; in the hope that such an appoiiitineiit, with iu
probable const quenecs, might re-establish his uHuirs.
iS'c. eliangc, however, of situation, caused any cliaii|Tc
in iMr. (ire.illc to his early prulfg^ and attached and at-
taehing fricml, .Mr. Bnriiey, to whom he still sIuhm^
himself equally eager to comtnunicttte his o|iiiiioiis and
reveal his proceedings.
In mingling again with the world upon its common
terms of cnilivating what was good, nnd snpportiiif
,vli,il was t vil, Mr. Ihirney now, no longer bewitched hv
Isaiity, nor absorbtil by social sympathies, found lilorj.
lure and its pursuits without rival in hia estimation; yil, I
in missing those vanished delighls, he decnnri tli,it In
had the world to re-lH gin ; \':>r, though prospirilv nut I
his prolessioniil toils wilh heighleneil repntiitii)n oiiil rr.
ward, they were joyless, however esseiitial, since partici-
pat ion was gone !
The lime had arriveil, nnti now was passeil, for tU I
haig sittleil project of .Air Biirnev of conveying to Parii
his second and, then, youngest liaiighlcrs, I'riiniiii anil
Cliarlolle, to replace his elilest and his third, Kstliti ami I
Susanna ; now liotli relnnied tlicuee, with i very iinproie I
nil 111 that a kind parent could rensonatdy desire.
The time had arrived — and was p.isscd. Ihil if no nun I
can with certainly proiioiinee what at any kIiiIiiI iKriodl
he will perform, how niiieh less is he git\ed wilh liirr I
knowh'ilge of what, at any plated |H'riod, he may wiili!
Six hi'iirtlcss, nearly desolate, yiars of lonely eoniiieill
chasm, had succceileil to double their number of ncirlTl
inipnralhled conjugal ciijoyineni — and the void \vn» ili,
liillow and hopeless 1 — when llie yet very hanilfuiHK', I
though no longer in her bloom. Airs. Stephen Allrn, ufl
Lynn, now Ihcoiiic ii widow, dceidcil, liir proiiiotini; Ihtl
eijiieation of her eldest daughter, to make Luiidoii licrl
winter residence.
.Air. Biirnev was, of course, applied to for ansislonotinl
the ninsieal line; ami not less called u|hui as the iiiitti
capable iinlge nnd counsellor in every other.
The loss thill had been sustained by Mrs. .Mlin «u|
thill of a Worthy man, whom she esleeini d, hut touiiiinil
she had been marrieil by her parents tarly in lili, «iili.|
eul eiihiT ehoiee or aversion. In her situ linn, thitf I
fore, and Ihal of Mr. lUirnev, there was no ethir nlllnitr|
than thill em h hiid been wiilowed by the liiiinl of (Irtlh I
llii;hly inlelleetiinl, and fomi even to pussinn ofliaikiJ
Mrs. .Mien delighted In the conversniinn ofMr. Iliirrnvj
and the hour fur his iiiMrncllons to Atiss Alkii wat li»f
to be thill of ten. time; to (he mil thai, when hrwn^lil^l
mil it I'n.iii llie tlaiighli r, he mijjiit be cn|{aged witli Ik4
tiiolher.
The Kii|Mrior grief of Mr. Burney, n» Heop in it "I
nente, was iiol iiioro prnininenl than the ll'ehii(j •ilmiril
lion Ihal it inspired in Mrs. Allen : und if uiovril ^)m
''ireiimstntirr.
ihi:moibs of DH. BUnNEY.
IS it so Btriin|;ly
ipiil lines of ili'e
al'lcrwaiils, liy
avc his own'.—
is pack,
slU: llitiubatk.''
irico, Imd occa.
inc oflicc, is not
loy » itli real of-
dii-limeiit, to re.
1 tliis untoward
111! liad I'ull sue.
nicy, mid joy of
il in the laUnts
, from the largo
ind was making,
■aciiig and |iltiv;
liHiriiicool thiir
cursloiis can be
to churacttr aiiil
. And Mr. Uro.
lost iiecussurily a
igli road to turn
Icon ; venting his
1 at tho iluhs, hy
icrnl fioeiety. Mr.
tlcnr liought (\m\
ft'itli the turbulinl
llir restless soliei.
icrliiiui'ioiis dispu-
woR rescued, for a
n, tliroii^li tile ex-
iicnt, by whom lie
n tlic court of Bb.
niiitiiicnt, with its
lUh liis utVuirs.
;uusc(l any chnnfc
id nttiichi'd and al-
ii lie Mill shuwtil
a liis o|iinioii9 and
upon its commcii
d, and sii|ip«rtii;|; ]
igrr licw itehi'd hy
licH, t'mind litota.
cslimalion; yil, |
deemed that In
li prosperity imt ]
rcimlalion nndrf-
iliul, Hinee iiailicl-
ns passed, for tli« I
iiivcyini; to Patu I
liUrs, I'riuiees and I
lliird, Kslher anil I
nil 1 very iinprou- 1
ilily desire.
Kcd. liut ifnoiiiinl
any utiited (leriodl
10 ((irted with foff
,kI, lie niny »'i«h! I
(if lonely enlijucill
niiiiiber of iieaily I
the void wan iliUl
I very liBiidKinif, I
. Slepl'ieii Allen, "f|
liir proiiioliniTllKl
ninko London littl
I
to for •tiisislnm'*' ml
ii|ioii as the i"i»>|
(illicr.
by Mrs. .MIrn «»|
ni;eil, bullowlioiul
early in hie, *'^<^t
IT situ .lion, lliif f
1 nn (ilher niVmiivl
Itlic liiiiid of ilenlh f
Jo pUBsioiioflioi'kiJ
linn of Mr. Hiim'yj
Itar Albii»n»f'»T
I, wliin hewn* 111*
I' rngntre
d Willi H
3.09
sorrows, while cliarnied by his merit, Mrs. Allen saw liiin
iiiili daily increasing interest, Mr. Burney was not less
loved by her coininiseration, nor less |H'netrated by her
viiiiialliyi "'"^ insensibly he became solaced, wliile in.
voliinlurily she grew grateful, upon observing her rising
inllucncu over liis spirits.
Tjie angel wliom Mr. Burney had lost — for an angel
i»tli without and within she had seemed to him — had liie
gene
rous disinterestedness, on the bed of death, to re-
nn deep «' '' "1
Ihc feeling •'l'^'"!
ltd if mo^■l•d^rllf
inniend to her miserable husband that he would marry
airaini well knowing that the leiidcriicss of leiiiale
friendship would conic nearest, — however 'jhstint, — to
(liu softness of consolation : and, maternalli weii; iiiiig, no
Jiiubl, that a wcU-cliosen partner might (lOve r. beiiedie-
lion to iicr poor children. A.id this injunction, though
lioard at tlic time with agony scarcely supportable, might
nrobilily, and strongly, influence his lulure conduct
lilioii the desperation of hopelessness was tiomewliut
worn awi»y ^y all-subduing time, joined to forced e.ver-
lians in business.
His listlicr had even named to him the lady whom she
lliont'lit most capable to suit liiiii as a companion, and
most tenderly disposed to becoming a mother to his cliild-
jji, Jliss Dorothy Young, who was her most valued
friend. Mrs. Allen, Dorothy's nearest coiii|)ctitor, was
not tlien a widow. But Mr. Burney, sacred as he held
tlio opinions and wishes of his Kstlier, was too ardent an
admirer of beauty to dispense, in totality, witli tliat at-
Iractivc embellish inent of the female frame. He honoured
and esteemed, with a biotlier's afleetion, the cxeclkiit
Dorotliy Vouiig ; but those charms which awaken soller
w'lisalions, were utterly and unhappily denied to that es.
llinaldc woman, through her peculiarly unfortunate per-
sonal defects.
Xot early, and not easily, did Mr. Burney and )Mrs.
Allrii reveal their mutual partiality. The wounded heart
of .Mr. liurney recoiled Irom such anodyne as deimuuled
new V04VS to a new object: and Mrs. AHen, at that |k'-
nod, lived in a stale of alHucnee that made Ruch a mar-
liaje require severe worldly sacrifices. Only, however,
Iransieiitly ; for, by on unfortunate trust in an unfortu-
iiale tlioU(,'h honourable speculatist, Ur. King, she com-
iilctclv hist all that, indepondently, was nt her ow n dispo-
sal ot' fortune. And the noble disinterestedness of Mr.
Burney upon this occasion, riveted to him her atrectioiis,
»itli the highest esteem.
Yet even when these scruples were mutually ovcr-
ululiiied by increasing force of regard, so iiiaiiy iin-
looked for obstacles stood in the way of their uiiiiin, that,
ivrarii d by delays that seemed at once enplious and iii-
Irrininablo, Mr. Humify earnestly i^ntrented that nn iiii-
nii'diali' private marriage might aviTI, at least, a fiiinl
liri'aeh of their oiigagmient ; scdiMnnly promising, nt llij
wine linn', that they should keep the nlliiiiicc seerel, mid
flill live apart, till all prudential e.\aetions ilioiihl be
tilislied.
As Ibey were each wholly indep ndeiit, save from the
inlluonee of opinion, — which, however, is frcpieiitly
iiioriMlirticiill to subdue than that of authority, — Mrs.
Allen saw no objection of sullicieiit force to counterael
lilt |ileasiire in compliance.
Tlieir plan wnscontideil to four •,«rsonfl, iiidiHpciisahly
tfiiiii»ile for ils eNeciilion; .Mrs., allerwards I.ady
Sii,iii|;e, !\liss Young, Mr. Crisp, and tho Bev. Mr.
I'utli, eiirale of St, James's cliureli.
Mr, I'ugh, who was of very long standing n friend of
Mr. Unriiey, aided iMrsonalfy in priimnliiig siiili iiieii-
luri'n as seeiired si rreey with sueiess ; anil in SI. Janies's
rmireli, Mr. I'ngh tied tliiil indissoluble kiinl,whieli, how-
iicr fairly promising, is inevitably rigorous, since il ciiii
br lnownid only by crii le or dealli ; bill which, where il
hiiidiillie destinies of those whose In arts arc already kiiil
lo,'rllier hy reciprocntcd regard, gives a (harm to cnpli-
(ily Hint robs liberty of regret.
Al till |Hiri 11 of Kl, James's eliureli, Mrs. Sirango and
Mr l'u|;li wliis|H'red tin ir longratulalions lo the iii u-
marriid eouple, as they entered a prepared posl-elinite ;
• liiili, in a viry few hours, gaUoisd lliemti) the olvteiire
iliirl< of the thill (luthless, and nearly nniiilinliiled,
1 Cliiiin';'"' eomiiion; where Mr. I'risp had i'iii;ai!ed I'nr
llH'niai :r'it and I'r.igraiit retreat, at a siiiall fiirni-liniiM,
iiulillle ..ixiilet, a iiiilu or two from ('liesiiigton Hall.
T " ,<ei ret, as usual in inalrimonlal eoneenhiieiits.n.'in
f«lllimlly prrWrved, for « cerliiiii lime, hy sernpilloils ilis.
Mi-tiun in the parties, and Aatrhl'iil eirciniin|Hi limi in
llic wilnesM's : but, as usual nlso,crror and aeeideiit \m re
»m nl V, i.(k to develop the Iransielion ; and the loss of
I I'ller, Iliroilch some eiirelesnnesa <if eoiiveyiiiiee, n-
viiilid stidclciily, but irrevocably, llie flnln of tin' con-
I nwluin.
.Iii» nreitinslnnrr, liowpvrr, though, nt Ihr liiiic,
cruelly di.jtressing, served ultimately hut to hasten their
own views, as the discovery vas necessarily followed
hy the pcr.sonal union lor which their hands had been
joined.
Mrs. Burney, — now no longer Mrs. Stephen Allen, —
came openly to town to inhnliit, for a wliile, a house in
I'oland street, a few doors from that of lier husband ;
while alterations, paintings and cmbellishmcnls, were
projircssively prejiaring the way for her better reception
at his home.
The I'aris scheme for the two daughters, who were
o have followed the route of their sisters, long remitted,
from the lliictuating affairs and feelings of Mr iJurney,
was now finally abandoned. The youngest daughter,
Charlotte, was sent to a school in Norfolk. The second,
Frances, was the only one of Mr. Burney's family who
never was placed in any seminary, and never was put
under any governess or instructer whatsoever. Merely
and lilerally selfcdueated, her sole emulation for im-
provement, and sole spur for e.verlion, were her unbounde 1
veneration for the character, and nffection for the person,
of her father; who, nevertludcss, liad not, nt the time, a
iiioment to spare for giving her any personal lessons ; or
even for directing her pursuits.*
Sin I10HERT ANU LADV STKAKOK.
The worthy, as well as eminent. Sir Robert Strange,
the first engraver of his day, with his extraordinary wile
and agreeable family, were, from the time of the second
Marriage, amongst the most familiar visiters of the Bur-
ney house.
The term cvtraordinary is not here applied to Lady
Strange to denote any singularity of action, conduct, or
person: it is simply limited to her conversalional powers ;
which, I'or mother wit in brilliancy of native ideas, and
readiness of nssoci.iting analogies, |)lnced her foremost in
the rank of understanding females, with wlioni Mr. Bur-
ney diligh'cilto reciprocate sportive yet deeply relleclive
discourse. I'or though the cilucalion of Lady Strange had
not been eidlivatcd hy scholastic lore, she: might have
said, with the famous Sarah, Duchess of Marlhorougli,
" .My hooks are men, and I rend thein very currently."
And in that instinctive knowledge of human nature
which penetration devehipes, and observation turns to
account, she was a profound adept.
Vet, with these high-sensoiied powers of exhilaration
for otinis, she wa:. palpably far from hapfiy herself; and
sometimes, when lelieilated upon her delightful giiiely,
she would smile through a face of woe, and, sorrm, fully
shaking her head, observe how su|K'rficial wa- judgment
upiiii the surface of things, and li.-w wide from each
nlher niiirlil be vivaeily a. id h.ippiness I the one spring-
ing ciiily from iialivi- aniiiril spirits; the oilier lieiiig al-
ways helil in siihp elioii hy the oc iirrenc is that meet or
that mar our lei lings. And ofleii, even in llie midst of
the lively laugii that she had sent nroinid he-, there
wouhl issue (piite aloud, frrm the inmost recesses of her
breast, a sigh so deep it might rather be ealli^d a groan.
Very early in lili', she had given away her heart and
her hand wilhout the sanction of a father whom, while
she disiilii veil, she ardently loved. And though she was
always, mid justly, satisfied with her elioiee, uiid her de-
serving mate, she eould nev< r so fur sulidue Inr relro-
priiive sorrow, as to regain that inward serenity of
iiiiiid thai has its source in relli etions that liuvu never
been broken by jnir'iig interests niid re^frets.
No priidiiction had as yet transpired publicly from IIih
p»ii of Dr. Burney, his now eoiinection having iudueod
iiiiii to ronsign (.very interval of leisurn to domostic and
•oiial circles, whiilher in London, o: at the dowry-house
ol'.Mrs. Iturnoy, in Iiynn Uegis, to which the joint fami-
lies resorted in the Fiiiiimnr.
A wish, and a design, onergelic, though >agup, of
coniposing somo coiisiiicrabi.' work nn his own art, linil
long rovi d in his thoughts, and llallerud his funny: and
ho now began seriously lo eoncenlvtte hi* niodilatw.ns,
and nrrangn his seliemes to ;hat single jMiiiit. And the
resiill of tiipse cogitation), n lion no longer loll wild to
desulloiv wandering*, produeod lii-o pnlighumed and
seienlilii plan tor a
•■ No (mill can lip innro aiinply rxicl than that which
is co'iviyrd :i four lilieii of the stanziis which she nil-
ilii'ssed til liiin in tliu secret dcdicatior. of her lirst work,
Kv liiiu, viz.
If ii- .nj lirnrt llio love orvirtiir glown,
"I'was kindled there by an iinerrinu inir;
From thy rriimiilr llip pure Ihiiiie arose.
Thy 'i/f niy prcerpi ; thy gimd tinrkumy wliod.
UIONERAL HISTORY OF MUSIC.
This project was no sooner fi.iod than, transiently, It
appeared to him to be executed ; so quick was the rush
upon his imagination olilluminatiiigand varying ideas;
and so vast, so prolitic, the material which his imnienso
collection of notes, abridgments, and remarks, had
amassed, that it seemed as if he had merely to method-
ise his iiianuscripis, and entrust them to a cojiyist, for
completing his pHr[.ose.
Thus finally li.xcd to nn enterprise which, in lliis
country, at least, was then new, he gave to it all tho
undivided energies of his niiud; and, urged by the spue
of ambition, and glowing with the vivacity of hope, ho
determined to complelo his materials beibro he con-
signed them tolhcir ultimate appropriations, hy making
a scientilic musical tour through France and Italy.
Through various of his friends amongst persons in
power, he iirocii.ed recommendatory Icllers to the seve-
ral aiiiliassadors and iiiiiiisters Irom our court, who wero
stationed in the countries Ihiough which he meant to
travel.
And, through the yet more useful services of persons
of affluence in letters and in the arts, he obtained intro-
ductions, the most felicitous for his enterprise, lo tliose
who, then, stood highest in learning, in tho sciences, and
in literature.
None in this latter class so eminenlly advanced his
undertaking us Mr. Garrick ; wlio.se solicitations in his
favour wero written with a warmth of friendship, and
an animation of genius, that carried all before them.
More stops, for tliis period, the pen of the memorialist.
From the month of June, 1771), to that of January,
1771, the life of Ur. Burney is narrated by himsell', in
his "Tour to France and llaly."
And few who have read, or who may read that lour,
hut will regret that the same ir'ii, while in its full fiiir
vigour, had not drawn up wliat preceded, and what
will follow this epoch.
.Such, liov, .iver, not being the ca-^e, the memorialist
must resume her \>en where that of Dr. Burney, in hia
narrative, drops, — namtsly, upon his regaining tho Bri.
tisli shore.
With all the soaring feelings of the first sun-beama
of hope that irradiate from a bright, though distant
glimpse of renown; untamed by difficulties, sujiorior
to faligiie, and springing over the hydra-heuJed iiioii-
sleis oliiii|)odiuieiit that oveiy where jutted liirth their
II, waiting obstacles to his culerprise, Ur. Burney caiiiu
back lo his cimntry, his friends, his business and his
putsnils, with tho vigour of the first youth in spirits,
expei talions, and activity.
Ilo was received by his lorging family, enlivened by
tho presence of iMr. Crisp, in a new liou^-e, purchased in
his absence by IMrs. Burney, at 'ho up|)«r end of Ijuecn*
square ; which was then beautifully open to a pictu-
resque view of llttinpstend and lIlKligite.
'i'his now possession, however. Dr. Ihirney could as
yet scarcely even vieiv, from his eagerness to bring out
the journal of his tour. No sooni r, therefore, had ho
iiia.le arrangements liir a prolongalion of h isiiro, than
he Inistoned to Cliesin^itoii and to .Mr. Ciisp; whcro
ho e.vclningod his toils and labours for tho highest dc-
liglitH of Iriendsiiip; and a seclusion the most ubsedute,
fVoin tho noisy "icissitudos, and un 'casing, though ultoit
unmeaniiig perseeulion, of trivial inlerruplions.
Here ho prepared hlsFieneh and lUilian musical toura
for tho pres.i ; omitting all that was iiiisccllaiioous of
oliservalion or of aiipcdi.tu, in deference to tho opinions
ol the F.arl of iloldernnsso, Mr. Mason ni.d Mr. liar-
rick; who conjointly liolieved that books of general
travels were already so luimerous, and so spreid, lh"t
llipir morits wero overlooked from their multiplieily.
The work was entitled ; — The 1're.sciit Slate of Music
n I'rniiee and Italy ; or the Journal of a Tour through
Ihose eniiiitries, nnih riaken to collect materials for a
(ieiieral History of Music. Ily Charles Burney, Mils. 1).
The reception of this first ncknowledged cull fur pub.
lie attention from Dr. Burney, was of the most encourag-
ing description; for Ihoui^h no renown had vet Ikcii fast-
ened ii|Kni his name, his aeqiiircmcnts and liis charaetri,
wherever ho had li"in known, had excited n generni gnod-
will llial prepared the way lo kindly npiirohation fo' tlii?,
mill iiidi I il for every work thwl issued Irom his pen.
There was, in truth, •omcthing so spirited and iincnm-
mon, yet of so unliqiin n east, in the travels, or pilgrim
age, lliat he had underlaki'ii, in senreli of iiiulerials for
the hisloiy of bin art, thai curiosily was aw^ikenrd to tho
suhpel, and <')i|M'eliilion was earnest for its execution :
and il WHS no suonor published, than orders were received,
by most of the groat booksellers of lli* day, for its ptir-
I'- " '1.
hy. ' ■ ■:'"■■
.'■: ? ■», . .!
■li, «• ■'.',. ■-•■. J
V- fk, .'■^1
' ■ 1'
4^''*'fi>',;','ilr.;..l'>-
X ■
:i\
V';
r,;i I,
:'iif
360
MEMOins OF DH. BUHNEY.
WH
I' 11%.. ,
i
; i' ': :
cliase ; iiiul no sooner roiul, lliiin Icttors tlir most (lattor-
insT, from tin; ilcopost tluorist.s of the scionto, and llic
Ix'st juilgi's of tlic practicr of IIk' art of music, rearlicd
the tiivouri'd aiillior; who was of too iiiodisl a character
to have been mlihcd ol' the pleasure of praise hy presump-
tuous anticipation ; and of too natural a one to lose any
of its gratitieation hy an apathetic supprcs.sion of its wel-
come. And the ellVot, impulsive and unsophisticated, of
his success, was so ardi nt an encourajicmcnt to his pur-
jiose, that while, mentally, it animated his faculties to a
yet more tiircihle pursuit of their dccidei' oliject, it dart-
ed him, corporeally, into a travclliufr vehicle, which ra-
pidly wheeled him back affain to Dover; where, with
jicw spirit and caixcrncss, he set sail upon a similar mu
sieal tour in the Low t'ounlrics and in (nrmany. In thai
which he had so lately accomplished in I'Vance and Italy.
Willi respect to llie Krench and Italian tour, the ri'-
strainl from all Imt its profissional business, was much
lamenled hy llii' friinds to whom Ihesacrilice of the mi.s-
cellaneous mailer was coujmmiieated.
I'pon the (ierman tour not a emmnent will he ofl'ercd;
it is lu liiri' the public with an approvauee that has hccii
stamped by the sanction of time. At the period of its
puhlicalion, Dr. liurney, so.ncwh.it assured, thnuuh inea-
piilile ot' beinir r<'iidered arroirant by favour, ventured to
listen oidy to lh<' voii'c of liis first friend and monitor,
who (xhorled hiiu to mingle personal anecdotes with hi»
musical information,
'J'he consc(iui'nce was such as his sage adviser prog-
lioslicaled i for both the applause and the sale of this
sceonil and more diffuse social diary, greally surpassed
thfisc tif" its more; technical predicessor.
Nevertheless, the (ierman lonr, lliough thus successful
for narration lo the public, terminated l<>r himself* in sick-
ness, fatigue, e.vorbitant expense, and poignant bodily
sutlcrinrr.
While yet far away from liis country, and eipially dis-
tant from aceomplisbing the pur|M)s(! of his travels, liis
soliciliidc not to leave it iniiimplele, joint d to his an.vicly
not to break his professional engagements, led him to ovcp--
work and i)\cr-lnirry his mental powers, at the same lime
that he iiilliited a similar h.irass U|ion his corporeal
strciiirili. And whili' thus doubly overwhelmed, he was
assaulted, cliiiiii!,' his pricipitated return, hy the rudest
fierceness of wiiitiy t Iciiienlal strili' ; through which,
with had accommod.itions, and immincrahli' aceideiils,
he became a prey to the merciless pangs of the aeutest
Kpasinodie rheumatism; which barely sutl'crcd him to
reach his home, ere, long and piteously, it confined him,
a I irlureil prisom r, to his bed.
.Siieh w.-.a llie cluck that almost instanfly curbed,
though it could imt subdue, the ri-iiig pleasure of his
hnpes of entcrin;^ n|ioii a new spiiii s nf i xistincc, that
of an approved man ot' letters; liir it was on the bid id
siekness, cxi'lianging the light w iocs ol' I'Vance, Italy,
ii:id fiiTiiianv, fur the black and loathsome jiiitinns of' the
.Vpothecarii's' llall; writhed by darliiiLf stitches, and
burning with fiery fivcrj that he fell the full force of Ihat
Nuhhinary eipiipnisi, that seems evermore n hang sus-
pended over the attainment of long-sought and iiiii oin-
mull felicity, jiisl as if is rijM.'iiing to burst fiath into en-
jiiy.iienl I
Again ln' retired to Chi singlon, to Ins earr. healing,
heart <xpaiiilmg, and hind-informing Mr, Crisp: and
there, under the aiiHpices of all that could siKithe or iini-
m.ite him ; and nursed with liKessiint assiduity by his
fi>iiilly.iiltaehi(i wili: iind daughters, he lepaircd his shat-
tered frame; lo til it once ngriii, tiir the even ihc of those
Inlcnls and f'aciiltii s, which ilhiminc, in their e.vp.insive
lil'i els, the H Imlc race of ninnkiiil ; long ttOer the ujipa-
reot In ings win nee they liaM' i^sllld, m i iii faded, dis-
volveil away; le<ivlng not, visibly, a track biliiiid.
In Mr. Ilurniy, disease was no iionner coni|UiTid, than
ilii vigour of his ■ harueli r brought back fo him pleasure
nnd iii'livity, lliriiiiifli the spirited wisdom with wlijeh he
dismissed regret liir ai''ii'ipalion.
There arr fi w Ihingi' m ttliieh his porferf good Ini-
inour was inore playfully ill inimslraled, than by the look*,
arch yet repioaehfiil, anil piteous thongli biirli sipie, v«'itli
which he was uiint lo recount a most provuking and
puinfiil lillle incident Unit lU'ciirrcd to him in his last
vnvnge Iioiik' : but of which he was well awnre lliut the
relation must excite irrKnisliblo riaibilil)' in even the iiioiit
friendlv of his auditors.
\.\fi travelling by day and hy night lo ex|M>ilile his
return, over mounlnins, through innrshoa, hy crasii-roads,
un liorHc-hiiek, on mules, in cnrriagei of uiiv and every
mirl lhat chuIiI hut hurry linn on, he n'ueheil Calais in a
Uifcinbi r so lireiidt'ullv sloriny, ihnt not n vessel of any
kind enuld set sail for I'liglanil. l(e|H'iiledly he sreured
hit limiiMiuek, illd went un bgitriJ lu take |ioiisciisjoii of
it; but as repeatedly waa driven hack hy fresh gales, dur-
ing the space of nine fatiguing days and tein|iestuous
nights. And when, at last, the passage was effected, so
nearly aimiliilating had been his siitVerings from sea-sick-
ness, that it was vainly he \va.^ told he might now, at his
pleasure, arise, go tiirth, and touch Knglish ground ; he
iiad neitlier strength nor courage to move, and earnestly
desired to be lell awhile to himself.
Kxliaustion, then, with tranquillity of mind, cast him
into a sound sleep,
l''rom this repo.sc, when, much refreshed, he awoke, he
called to the man who was in waiting, to help him up,
lhat he might get out of' the ship.
" (ict out of the ship, sir.'" repeated the man. "Good
k 1 you'll be drowm il 1"
"Drowned' — What'.s to drown inc ? I want to go
ashore."
" .\,--liore, sir/" again repeated the man; "why you're
in flic midillo of the sea I There ar'nt a bit of ground
for your toe nail."
" \\ lial do you mean ?" cried the Doctor, starting up;
" the .sea .' did you not lell me we were sail' in at Dover .'"
"O laukl that's good two hours ago, sir! 1 could not
get you up then, say what 1 would. Vou f( 11 duwiiright
asleep, like a top. And so 1 told them. Itut that's all
one. You may go, or you may stay, as you like; hut
them pilots III ver slops li>r nobody."
l''illed with alarm, the Doctor now rushed up to the
(leek, where he li.id the dismay lo discover that lie was
liall'-way back to Kraiice.
.\nd he was torced to land again at Calais ; where
again, with the next mail, and a repetition of his sea-
sickness, he re-embarked fur Dover.
« * m w »
On (putting Cliesinglim, upon his recovery, for re-
entering his house in tjiieen .Sipiare.lhc Doctor compelled
himself lo alislain from his pen, his papers, his new ac-
i]uisilioiis in musical lore, nnd all tliat (Icmandcd study
t'or the subject tint nearly engrossed his thoughts, in or-
der to eonsecrate the whole of his time to his family and
his alVairs.
lie renewed, therefiire, his wonted diurnal course, as if
he had never diverged from it ; and atlend((l his young
pupils as if he had neither ahility nor taste I'or any siipe-
licir oeeupatiun ; and he neitlier ristid his body, nor
hbcriited his ideas, till he had rc-instaled hiinscll' in the
professional mode of life, npeii which his substantial
pros|icrily, and thai nf his house, depeiidi d
ItuI, this accomiilished, his innate propensities sprang
again into play, urging him lo i>naleh at every instant he
could pmliiiii, vv ithoiil essential mischief, I'rom these sage
regulalinns; with a rcdimdanec of vivacity f'nr new move-
ment, new aifi'ih, iii.d elastic procedure, scarcely eon-
ecivable to tlin-e vv lin, balaiieiiig their prnjcefs, their
wishes, and their intriitinns, by the np|insing weights nf
time, nf liaz.u'd, and nf trouble, undertake only what i>
obviously lo their advantage, or indisputably their duly.
His fancy was his dictitnr; his spirit was his spur;
and whatever the first started, the sciniid pursued to the
goal.
Again he relumed fo his History of ^Iiisic ; and now,
indeed, he weni to vv(;rk with all his might, 'i'lic ea;ia.
cious table of his small but eommndiniis study, cxhibiled,
in what he called his eliaos, the countless inerc ■•ing
stores of his materials. .Multitudinous, or, rather, miiU'
merous blank books, were sev -rally adapted te enncen-
tr.-.li(iK some peculiar |M)rtion of ilie work, '/'hcory,
piaeliec; iiiusic nf the uniiints; music in purls; na-
tional musie ; lyric, church, Ihc'it'-ii al, warlike music;
universal hingraphy of eoni|Hiscrs and perforine , of pa-
trons and nfprnii ssors; ami histories of niUBieal Instilu-
tions, had all their destined hi V volumes.
And he (ip( ned a wiili'y irculaling eorrcspnn(h'nee,
liireign and iloincstie, with various musical authors,
com|Kisers, and ■ tudiiits, win Iher profcssois or diletanli .
And fiir ad this mass of occupation, he neglected no
business, he omitted no devoir. 'I'hc systi ni hy whii h
he obtaiii' d time that no one missed, y( I thai gave to him
lenglliencd lili', inile|M'ndent of longevity from veiim, was
tlirou){li (he skill with which, iiiilefatigahly, lie prolifed
from ev( ry fragiucnf of Icimn .
Kveiy sick nr failing pupil Is'slowed an hour ii|ion his
|<tli, I')vi ry holiday liir others, was a day of ilniible
Inlmiir In his eoin|H>sitioii, Kveii illnrss took activity
only iVoni his bii(ly, liir his mind refused all relaxatinii.
He hud cnilslalilly, when indisposeil, one of his dangle
Icrs hy his siih , as an ainaniiensis; and su( h was the
vigour of his intcllecl, that even wlirii keeping his bed
I'rom acute rheuimifism, spasmodic nains, or lurking
liver, he caught al every hllle inlerve' (d tase In dii liilc
Nuiiie illustiullvt' rciiiiliiBi'eiiCL' i lu nlurt noiiie new ideag,
or to generalize some old ones ; which never liijlej i.
while away, partially at least, the pangs of disease, In
l( sscning their greatest torment to a character of sui'li
energy, irreparable loss of time.
Tile plan, with proposals for printing the liLstory U
subscriptuiii, w as no sooner published, than the most lij.
nourable lists of orders were sent to his booksclh rs, If,,,,,
various elegant classic echolaru, and from all jriinril
patrons of new enterprises and new works.
Jtut that which deserves most reinark, is a Idler from
fwo eminent incrchunts of the city. Messieurs ( 'li;iiii||| ,
and Davis, to ac(|uaiiit the doctor that a geiitleuian^ vvl^
wished tc remain concealed, had authorised llicin t,,,!,..
sire, that Dr. Hurncy would not suffer any failure in ti,,.
subscription, should any occur, to induce him todroiiiln.
work ; as this genllcinan solemnly undertook In In. ||„„.
self rcsponsibliM'or every set within the five huiidrid „i'
the doctor's stipulation, that should remain uiisiiIim ri|„i|
fiir on the ensuing Christmas. And Messrs. I)avi»ai,j
Chandler were invested with f'ull powers, lo give aiiv >,■.
ciirity that might be demanded llir the fulfilment oi' n,,,
engagement.
Dr. Hurncy wrote his most grateful thanks to tlnsnm.
iiificent protector of his project ; but declined allBurlni'
tie upon the event. And the subscription filled so volun.
farily, that this generous nnknown was luvtr eallu:
forth. Nor did he ever present liinisi If; ma- vva.< In
( ver discovered. Hut the incident liclpid lo keep vninnlv
alive the predilection which the doctor had early imliilxj
in favour of the noble spirit of liberality of the city and
fli(^ cifizens of his native land, for whatever sieiasii)
have any claim to public character.
Dr. Ihirney, now, without a single black ball, nji
elected a fellow of the Koyal Sniidy ; of which hciiiour
his lirst notice was received through the aniialilc ami
'/.cahius Miss I'hipps, who, knowing the day uf ijic-
lion, had impatiently gathered the tidings of its sucuh
from her brother, Sir Constanline I'iiipps: and lu'llrc
either the president, or the friend who had noiiiiinitidiln.
doelnr f'or a candidate, could liirward the news, Blies|Hjr|.
ively aiilicipaled their iiilclligcnee, by sending totjuuii.
sipiare a h'ller directed in large characters, " t'or llr,
Uurney, F. U. S."»
iiisTonv OK Jil'sic.
I'rnm this piimd, the profession of Dr. Buriiey, liow,
ever highly he was raised in it, seeinid but of scJoiidafv
coii.~ideration lor him in the world; where now, lliu
higher rank was assigned him of a man ol' letters, rruin
till' gineral admiration accorded to his Tours; nf wliidi
the cliiuax of honour was the award of Dr. Johnson, IIkI
Dr. fturiicy was oni' of the most agreeable writers ultra,
vels I.I' the age. And Hireiti, lo whom Dr, .hiliiiMai
utler> ;1 this praise, veas eommissiuiied to carry it to Dr.
Ihirney; who heard if with flic highest gratillialioii:
though, since his bereavement of iiis I'isther, he liad
ceased to follow up the iiifereoursc he had so eiilliasia<ll.
cally begun, l'arfiei,,alioii there had been so aiuiiialid,
that the eh inn of the eoimectinii seemed, liir uvvhiii.dis.
solved hy its loss.
I.I Hits now daily arrived IVoiii pcrsoiiH of eclebrity,
with praiM s of the'! ours, eneonragcmint for the llintary,
nr iiinsi(al inf'oniiatii.n for its advantage.
'I'hc doctor held, also, u conlineiilal correspniiilnio',
eiiiigblining and llalteriiej, with the liar ril<>lli:iili.
Diilerol, the AhlitV Morellel, M. Suard, M. .Mound, aiiJ
Jean Jueijueii Kmisiieau hiniaelf.
im. ii.\\vKi:ei\V(>K'i'ii.
At llaUL'hl.iu Hall the doelfir met a large nMOiiiblfil
party, of wiiieh the I'.arl of Sandwich, then first lord m'
(he ndiniriilly, was al the head. The wlmle i onvirsi
lion al the fable liirni il ii|M>n what llieii was Hie »lioli'
interest of the day, the first voyage roiiml the world ul
Captain Cooke, which (hat great liri'iimnuvig.itor litil
just aceoniplished. The Karl ol' Sandwich iiii iiliuiiiil
that he had all the pa|s'rs letaling (o the voyaife in Im
hands ; with the eircuiunuvigations preceding it ol'^Vil
lace and Ityruii ; bill lhat they were mere rinigli ilinlU
ipiile unirranged lii' the puhlii^ eyi'; nilil lhat III' v>.i>
hinkiiig out Ihr a prn|»'r isrson to p.'t lliem intourik''.
and to rewrite t.ic voyages.
Dr. I' irney, ever eager ii|Miii nnv question iif lilfti-
lure, and ever forcmosl to serve a fVieiid, veiitiiriil lor.
eonini' id Dr. Ilawkeswnrth ; who lliniigh, from lii« "I'l
und n.'ld ehurueler, eonteiiled with hU lot, Dr. Ilurni'.t
♦ .Mr. .>«evviiril, niithor of lliograpliiaiia, was woiil l»
say, lliiil lliose three initial Icllcra stoo.l fnr n Fill'»
Iteinurkubly Stupid,
ltd!
Ur. iMililsiiiith, no
Ikiil iiiuHt lii'served pi
iPiftiiiiinrv of .'Xrts f
P'ruirli Kiii'velopiei
111"' till' ill |iartinent
lilan; Dr. Johnson
wssyi'l noiiuniiled,
|lliat III' lllluie, tliroUj
Justly Knilllleil b)
anil, 111, Hanii'v w
Ijfrfu apllii' arlii'h'
fiirrirk ; from wlioi
I'lii' imtialiii'tiiiu II
k hiiliircu, will he
K'airuk; liy wlimu
|*»ril«, to l)r. Iliirtie
' .Mv ili'ir diielor.
MEMOIRS OF «R. BTTRNEY.
:?(ii
•hicli never hiki lo
uiiys of disia>e, liv
I c'lmractcr of suij,
iiliiiff tlic history by
il, than the most ho-
lis booksclhrs, I'mi,,
111 from ail gm„.^^
vorlis.
ark, is a Inter fro,,,
Messieurs UiiiiiJ|,.r
It a Rcnlleiiiun, \iU
ihoriseil Ihem i,,,,,.
<T any failure ii, ii„.
luee hlni lo (lr(]|n|ii.
mdertook to he lu,,,.
the five liUhilrcdui'
eniain unMiliscrilnil
I Messrs. Diai,, ;„,j
,\ers, to jjive um ,,.
lie fullilmeiit of lluj
il thanks to this mo.
ileelined all Burl of
|ition lilleil so volun.
n was niMT caljui
iniself; nur was In.
lied lo keep k;,uu\\
r had early iinlnUd,
lity of tlii; eily aiul
whatever seems i«
glc black hull, wj,
V ; of whieli honour
!,'li the miiialile anil
(r the day of elu-
dinjjs of ils Mi«,.j,
l'lii|)|iB; 1111(1 liviLfc
II had noiiiiimlulllx
the news, ulie .•,|i(jt|.
y sendinjr totjuicn.
araeters, " For Dr.
It'.
r l-)r. Diiriiey, liinv.
id hut iifseeoiiilarv
I ; where imw, i|,',
all of letters, mmi
Tours; of wiiiili
f Dr. Jnliiisoii, iIki
alile writers ultra.
llOlll Dr. .IllllllMrll
lo earry il lu llr.
Ill si (;ralllle3l|.,ii:
l>llier, he liaii
liiid so entliiisiasl].
Iieiii Ko iiiiiiiialit!,
led, lur uwiiik, (li>.
TKiiiiR of eelelirily,
mil lor tliellislury,
ul corres|ioii(l(iiir,
llaroii d'llollwli.
d, .M. Mulilli'l, uiiil
II liiri;e miiirnililril
I, llieii lirnl I'lrili'i'
whole lonvir-i
ell Wlin llie MJinlc
iiiiiil the weiltl 111'
'iiiiiiiavl;,Mliir lull
iil» it'll iiiinliuiiiil
the viiyiiire III liK
'ciliiiif il 111' Hal
mere rnii^li ihnll-.
anil llinl In' *:"
lliein iiiluiirdir.
|iiesliiin of liliK
il, veiiluriil I'l 'I
Hl\i, from lii» «i"
ir. lol, llr. Ilnrlirl'
mil, wim wiinl l«
(■■'■ I fur « K'll'iK
iativlo 111' iieillier rich eiio ijrh for retininent, nor eiii.
I t'liniiirli Id refuse any new and lioiiouralile oeeii-
I niwi. I'"' Adieiiturcr wn i in every liody's library ;
L ilic aiitlior was less jrenera,'.y known : yet the aeeomil
IniVL'i"'" I'l'i'i" ^^"■'' '*" satistiictory to liOrd iSandwieli,
I ij. In. ,. Ill rusted l(r. Hiirney with the enmmission of
I nJiii" I'f' llawkeswortli to the admiralty.
Must sliidly this commission was i veented. The fol-
l|,ji,,,, is the first |)arn(;ra|ili of \)r. JlawkeKwortlTs an-
|(«ii 1 1 !••'* eoiii.iiuiiieatioi!
•'.Maiiv, lU'iny thanks lor yonr nlilifrinir &vour, and
J llij 51 jijcil of It. There is notluiifi^ alimil whi^-d I would
1. ,i|!|iiijriv be nnployed as the work you xvolion. I
IbmiiIiIiIii luy iji'st to make it another Anson'* Vuya}."
I.iril .''•mdwieh, upon their nuetina', w.is e.\lreiiiely
jVaM'ii ^vilti Dr. H-awkesworth, to whom Ilie iiiniiiiseripts
Imri' iiniiiiilialely iiiadi' «ver ; and who ilius e.xpres.sed
jc,ali<r„ition ill bis iie.vt .etier to Dr. Huriiey.
"lam now liapjiy in lelliuu' you, lli.it your lalionr of
lliir b iiol lost; lliat I liavi' all the iiuirnals of I he Dol-
Iplta, 111'' Swallow, and tin- Knrieavour in my possession :
lllijilli,. iro.i'rnmenl will !,'ive me the cuts, and llic pro-
Lrtvof llie work svill be iny own.
I "Is il iiiipossiblr I sboulii (five you my band, and the
llliaiilisofiny heart, here .' i. e. at Hromley."
CAPT.MN COOKE.
isjiiic time afterwards, Ur. Iturney was invileil to Ilin-
['uiilinilii', the se.it of the Karl of Sandwich, to meet Sir
|j«|i!i jliiiiks. Dr. Sohmder, Dr. Ilawkcsworlh, and the
ItililiralL'il i.'ireumnavij;ator, Ca|ilain Cooke binisell'.
Il was the earnest reiiuest of James, the eldest son of
iDr. Harney, lo bo included in the approaehirijr seeoiid
|fe«ililii*ii of this jrreat seaman; n rei|uest wl.'icb Lord
inJwirli easily, and with pleasure, aeeoriled lo Dr.
Illirmv; mid the youiifr naval ollieer was invited to
lliii'liiiitiriikc, and ])ri'senleil lo his new eoiiniiander,
Ivilli a ri'i'oiiiiiii'iidalion that he should .stand foremost on
lth( li-t nf proniolioii, should any occusion of ehan^'c oi-
liunluiiii!.' Ibe voyage.
Tlio fiillowiuj; note upon Captain Cooke, is copied
|fri:iiaiiii'iiioraiiilimi book of Dr. Iliiriiey'ii.
'Ill Feliniary I bad Ibe lionour of leceiviiiir llir illiis.
ItrifiisCijitain Cooke lo dine with me in (iuieii-siiuare,
Ipnviiinslv lo bis second VMya(;e round the world.
"OliMTniiiT upon a table H.iuyainville^ Vntini^p autntn
II .Vj«i/r, he lurned il over, and made some curious re.
i..r'.s on 111!' illiberal eonducl of that eireiiiimavifralor
llmiarils liiiiiself, when they met and crossed each other;
■tiiirli niaile 111'' desirous to know, in e.xamiiiiii}; the
Iclurl of .M. de Iloiijruinville, the several tracks of Ihi
J«iiii:ivia:alors; and exactly where llicy liail crossed or
|ii|iriini'lii'il each oilier.
"Cajilaiii Cook in.staiilly look a pencil from his pocket
|l>»'k, ami s.iiil be would trace Iberoiile; which be did
|iii siH'liai and seieiilific a nianner, thai I would not
lA'' lilly |«iiiiiils for the book. 'I'lie pencil marks liav-
|lii; liiTii li\ed le, skim inilU, will always he visible."
This truly yreal man apjicarcd lo be full of sinse and
|ilwi;'lil; well mannered, and perfeeily impieli'iiilini; ;
bill >liiiliously wrapped up in bis own purposes and piir-
biiiN; anil a)ipareiilty under a pressure of menial laliu^ue
' II railed upon III speuk, or Htiniillaleil lo delilH'ralc,
"iiMiay niher.
Till' iiii|iiirlunily v»'liicli IIiiih powerfully had Ihiii pre.
Jircilof l>rniiiolioti for the doctor's son, occurred earlv
Ijlllir vuyaue. Mr. Shanks, Ibe Hccnnd lienlenant of llie
imiviry, wn» lakin ill nl the Cape of (iiMid llime, and
Mi|;i'il III leave tlii' ship. " In his place," Captain Cook
''II' In f.oril S.iuilvvicb, " I have ap|K)iiiled Mr. Huriiey,
'niii i lia\e IbunH very d.serviinr."
Ddiroli (i(ll,D.>IMI'l'M.
Or liiililsiiiilh, now ill the meridian of his late-cariicil,
jbiil must deserved prosperity, was projeetiiif; an Kn);liHh
Ipirlliiiinrv of .Arts niid Sciences, upon the iiiodel of the
yiiiiili t'.iii yelopirdia. Sir JohIiiiii Ueyiiolds was to
pki' llir ill jiiirlnieiil of pniiilinn ; Mr. (iiirrick, thai of
iiIiiik; Dr. .IoIiiihoii, that of (lilies: and no oilier class
*s« yil aoiiiiiiaied, when Dr. Hurney wan applied lo (iir
■|m III' m»»ie, IbrouKh Ibe medium of Mr. «tarrick.
Jii-lly liriililied by a call lo make one in no select a
lliiiul, Ur, lliiniey willingly assenli il ; anil iinnieilialely
^ri'w ii|i Hie article " .Musician;" which he reiul to Mr.
I'urrick; ftniu whom it received warm plaiidils.
I'lii' snlisliiellon of Dr. (toldsmitli in this a('(|uisilion
hKliirnii, will be neen by llie i'iisiiin({ Idler to Mr.
M'riik; liy whom it WUi Vliuluni'd, with tliu liillowini;
lnuriN, lo l»r. Ilurney.
"./««rll,l773.
' .Mjrilrar divltir,— -I liavp Kent vnii n Idler from Dr.
(•oldsmllb. lie is priaid to have your name amoiij; the
eleel. l,ove to all yoiir fair oni s.
Ever yours, D. (iAKKK K."
T(:miilr,Jaiiiiuiy 10, 17'iJ.
■ro ii.vvin cvRiu'CK, i:su.
" Dear Sir, — " 'I'o be tboiiybt of by you, oblijjcs me;
lo he served by you, still more. It makes me very bappy
lo liiid thai Dr. liuniey lliiuks my sebenie of a didioiiary
iiseliil : still more that be will he m kind as to adorn il
with any tliiuf; of his own. I bc}; you, also, will accept
my gratitude for procurini^ iiie so valuable an ae(|uisitioii.
" I am, dear s r, your mosi art'eclionale servant,
" OMVI'Ill t;()I,DS.MlTII."
n\bis work, however, was never aceoiiiplished, and its
prujeel sunk away lo iiolbiiif; ; sincciely lo Ihe rcjrrel
III Ihose who kiicw what mi^rlit iio e.vpecled from Ihal
highly i|ualilled v riler, on a plan that would emineiilly
have bioufjlit liirlli all bis vaiious lalenis; and vvbicli
was ciHHcived upon so eriiiiil a scale, and was to le sup-
ported by such able ('oailjiilors. ,\iid deeply was public
rc),'ret hcit;litoiied that it was by the band of death thai
this noble enterprise was cut short ; death, which seemed
lo have awaited ihe nionicnl of the reversal of poverty
and bardsbip into prosperity and fame, liir slrikiii}; Ihal
blow wliieli, at an earlier period, iiiii;bt fre(|iiently, liii
Dr. Cioldsniilb, have taken away a burl hen rallier than
a blessing. Hut such is the inyslerioiis eonstruclion
of life— Unit meie barbinticr of dealli 1 — always obedient
to the falal knell ho lolls, tbou);li always lonjiiiifr to ini-
ploro that bo would toll il a littlo— little later I
iKicrDU iiAWKKswouTir.
The sincere satisfadion that Dr. Kuriicy
ad c.xpc-
perioneed in baviujr inlUieui ed Ibe nomiiialion of Dr.
Ijawkosworlb lo bc edilor of llie lirsl voyiif^c ol ( api.iiii
Cooke round llie world. lordlier wilh the levisal and ar-
ran^enieiit of Ibe voya;res of Caplaiii Waiiaee and Ad-
miral liyron, was soon overcast by sor ow, tbroii;!li
circumslaiiecH as impossiblo to have foicseoii as not to
lament.
Dr. Ilawkenworlh, though already In a delicalostule
of lieallh, was so highly animated by bis uleetion to lliis
oHicc, and with the vast einoluiiiciit wliieli, willi scarcely
any labour, promised lo ^jive tho di|rnily of case and
eoniliirt lo llin lest of his lile ; lliat he perliirmed his
lask, and linisbed the nairalory compilaliiin, uilli a a-
pidily of pleasure, resiilliii;r I'loiii a promise offnluro iii-
ilepcndcnir, that lilleil biin uilli kind uratiliide lo Ur.
Ilurney I and seemed lo open his heart, toinppr and man-
iiers. lo Ihe most cordial liclinns of nappinoss.
Hut Ihe 1,'realness of his reeoiiipense for llie sinallness
of hi- I rouble, iniiiiedialely disposed all bis eollea(;iies in
Ihe road of re ns i lo censure ; anil all bis eolll|H■'llor^
ill llial ofprolil. In calousy and ill » ill. I'liliii ' .ii. .ely,
in his Iiilrodue; . a. (' tho \'(iva;;es, he loucbcil upon
sonio eoiilrovernliil ' i '.n o* icli^'ioUB pprsnasion, which
pro'ed; lai. 1 t snii' ; lo l;ul.i,i,iv'/ for I'le ciieiiiies of
ills SIM cess; ant oi !ii r i iioniics,.-. . Uj<ri||rh w is the iiian,
il is prohahloli' li.i.l iiiic. I'l i' •.soiiln(t .'".re, miliap.
pily, V . --f' "d npoii wilh a' 1 ilj "ly his infiirialed on-
viiTN; a . I 'la i ; thonsam, ixnii ds which llowcil iiilo
his Co'. Ts, lirmiahl six millioi of nun^nnt «liii{t(i to his
peael^ I _ . ii>"ii"i; his princip'es
A wai -(' ur.;v''ii. 1 'o his olacid nalut ni.d hitherto
honour d lif', b: ..: ii iff I'orlli, with the < lli usivo enniil)
of ussuii ' ' H'lior |iicly, in ciiliiiunioU'' as lerlions, thai
strove 'o I.. I'iiIIk* p'lrity of his I'aitli and doctrine:
orciirriiig ai the monient when be li.id lliou|rlil all his
worldly >' m' Mown away, lo he sueceedeil by soil sereii-
ily and e.Tsy illuence; made llip attack so unexpeclcd,
that ils hI > l< was (uiervatiiur , and his wcallli lost its
charnis, from a lreiiibliii{i susccplihilily that (Idacbeil
him from every pleasure It coii\i procure— save that ol
n now biiiii'fiil leiaur(j lur Iro'iin aiiHWors lu bin tradu-
cetH,
In bis hiHl ,isit, on it pro n, ro (^iienii sipiaro, where
be diiiod iiiiil Bpent Ihe eveninu. Dr. Iliirnny was Ibrci-
bly struck wilh com em at sijjlil oi'll.c pvidenl, lliou)tli j
uucomplaiiiiuf; invalid ; so ebun^'nl, <liin, and livid was
bis apiioatanee.
lie ( oiivi rsed freely iipmi Hip Bubjeel of bin iMKik, mid
'I'U abusp winch ll bad heaped upon him. with Ihe doe.
lor ; who sironiily exlioi led him to repel such aswiiillprs
with IliP conlempl Unit lliey dcKPrved : addi.i),', "They
are palpably Ihe oH'spriiids ol envy at your hiicccss. Were
voii III bi'iiiine a banit'iipl, they Mould all turn to paiic
iryrlsln; bill now, lliero i,^ liiirdly n needy man in ihe
kinirdiim, who has ever heldii pen In his Iniiid for a mo-
nienl, who, in jionderinir upon llin aix Iboiisand |miuiiiI)<,
doPH not lliiiih liP could have ikjiielhe win k bellor."
Dr. IlawkesMoilb said lliat be had not yet made any
answer lo llio torrent of ioveclive ponied upon him, ex-
cept lo Dalrymplc, who bad ail.icked him by name; for
a law:iuil was llieii iinpciiiliiif; iijioii I'lirkiiison's publi-
calimi, and be would wiito noliiioif that niiylil sceni
iiicanl to intliipncc justice : hul when that law suit, by
wbalever resull, should be decided, he would briii^ nut
a full and jrencial reply to all the invidious aspcrsioins
that so (riielly uiiil wantonly had been cast upon him,
since Ibe pubiicalioii ol the Voya(;cs.
lie then furllicr, and coiilidenlially, oppiipd to Dr.
Biirney upon Ins past liili and silualion : '■ Kvery lliinif
lliat I possess," be cried, " I have earned by .he most
claboralo indiislry, n.xccpt this last si.x Ibousand pounds!
I bad no odncalioi.. and no advanla^re but such as I
sednliaisly winked lo oblaiii for myself; but I preserved
my icpiilalion and my cbaradir as uiiblemisbed us my
priiicip!es — till ibis last year 1"
After a vi-ii, lonii-, and deeply iiitprpstinp, ho left his
friend very an.Moiis about bis lieallh, and very impalient
!tir Ins promised pamphlet . but, while si ill wailiiijj, with
slioiiy solicitude, the appearunce of a viniiiialion that
iiiii,'lil lraiii|uilliso Ibo aiilhor's oll'endcd sensibilily, llio
inel.inclioly lidiiifjs arrived, lliat a slow fever had robbed
Ibe inv:iliil of sleep and of appetile ; and bad so fasle.ipd
upon his sballercd nerves, that, afler liiiycriiif; a week
or two, he fell a prey lo incurable alropby ; and sunk to
his last earlblv rest exactly a month aller the visit to
Dr. Hurney, Ihe accoinil ol' which b;is hi en related.
Dr. Ibirncy now, in the intervals of Ins varied, but
never ceasing occupations, jrenlly, v<'l jraily enjoyed
ihcir t'ruils. .All classes of aulbors olVercd lo him their
services, or opened lo him their stores. The first mu-
sical perforiiiprs ihen in vofrue, .Millico, (iiaidini,
Fischer, Cervctto, Crnsdill, Itaithelemnn, Diiponl,Co-
leslini, i'arko, Corri, Ihe blind Mr. Slanley, |.:i liaccelli,
and that composor liir the heart in all ils 'oclings, tSac-
ihiiii; with various others, were always cayer to ac-
cept bis invilalioi.s, whether for concerts, which occu-
sioiiallv be ^^ave lo bis friends and aciiuaiiitaiKc, or to
private meelin;;a lor the resale of himself and (iimily.
OMIA1I.
Hut his most serious ^raliiicalioii of this period, was
I hut of rccoiviii); in saRly and honour, .Tames, bis eldest
s-in, the lieutenant of Captain Cooke, on the return I'loiii
his sui'ond voyajru rumid the world, of that impcr-pini-
iiciil n.iviijalor.
'I'iie adiiiirally iiiinii dialcly conriinied the nomination
ofCapl.iiii Ciiolvt ; and Inrlher, in coiisnleraiion of tho
channler and ■i rvices of ibe yoiiiia naval olliccr, pruinut-
I linn lo the rank of niaslei and eomniaiidpr.
The voya;r(>rs wiuo acconipaiiird back by Oiniali, a
nil live of Clilea, one of Ibe Olaheileaii islands. Captain
Iturney, who had sludiid Ibe laiit!ii:i|;e of this slranjjrr
diirini; tho voyage lioiue,aiid had hecomo bis pailicular
liivounte, was uii.xious lo inlioiluee Ihe young Sonlb-Spn
lander lo his lallier and family ; who were at least
pially eager lo behold a native of a cuunlry so roinole,
and olsucli rpoeiil discovery.
A liiiio was ipiickly lixcd fur bis dining and sppndin|f
lliP day in (juecn.sipiaie ; whilbcr ho was hronght by
.Mr., allerwaids Sir .losepb, Kaiikes, and Dr. Solandcr ;
who presented him lo Dr. lluriKy.
The behaviour of Ibis young Otalicilcari, wliuin it
would be an abuse of all the meaning anmixed lo Ihe
word. III call u savage, was gentle, coiirleotis, easy, and
natural; and showed so niiicli di sire to please, and so
iiim II w illintMii ss lo b(^ pbaspd hinispll, that lie uslo-
nislied the w bole parly asseinbhd lo icicive bini; parti-
cularly Sir Koberl Slrange and .Mr. IlaycF ; liir he rallipr
appeared capable to li< stow, than reipiiniig lo want, las-
sons of eonducl and eliipiellu ill eivibsiil lilu.
Up had a good figure, wan lull and widl made; and
though bis complpxioii wan nwarlhy and diiM/y, il wan
by no nipiins black: and Ihoiigb bis realiirps pnrtiHjk far
more of Ihe .M'rican than of the i iiro|ipaM oust, his cypii
were lively and agrppable, and ihe gpneral pxpri'usioii of
bis face was good-humoured and pit using.
11(1 WHS full dressed on this day, in Iho English rns-
lump, having just coiiip from llic house of lordii,
whither be had liecn taken I y Sir .losppb llankes, to sac,
lather than to hear, liir be could not uiiilerslaiid it, the
king deliver his s|M'ecli fruni ibe Ibroiie. lip had also
lipcii admillpd ton privaluuildiuncu ul hia inijeity.wliom
be bail iiincli (uilcrlniiii'd.
.\ briglil .ManeliPsler velvet siiil of clothca, llnod ijlh
while sallli, in wliieli be was allircil, sal ii|Nin him illi
as miii'li ncgligeiii p of his liiipry, as if it had Ihpi. his
ciistumury drpss from adoloi'Ceni'e,
'(« lu-t.t ■'
S;il§ ;
y |fi.s
i
^ t'^''-t
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■4t> ^ 1
1''['^':^m
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4m1
1* . ,r ,-,,'^1 *^s
f^^\::ii ■ if
4v'
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1 Mrtf V '.
361
MEMOIRS OF DR. nilRNEY.
l'''i-
I
. I*..
hi
.■<
■ 1* ,
But Iho p«?rfBct ease with which lie wore ami maiiafjcd
B sword, winch he had had the honour to receive I'roni
the king, and whicli ho had thit day put on lor Iho lirsl
time, in order to go to the house of lords, liad very nincli
Btruck, Sir Joseph said, every man by whom it had bei'ii
observed ; since, by almost every one, the lirst essay ol
that accoutrement hud been nceumpanicd with an awk-
wardness and inconvenience ludicrously risible; which
this adioit Otahcilcan had marvellnusly escaped
Captain Burney liad acquired enough ol' the Otahei-
tcan language to he the ready intcrfireter ol't)iiiiah wilh
others, and to keep him alive anil in spirits hiinseir. by
conversing with him in his own dialect, (huiali under-
stood a little Knglish, wlien addressed in it slowly and
distinctly, but could speak it as yet very ill; and with
the |)eeuliarity, whether adopted from the idiom of his
own tongue, or from the apprehension of not being
clearly compreliended, of uttering lirst atlirmalively, and
next negatively, all the little sentences that he attempted
to pronounce.
Thus, when asked how he did, he answered, " Ver
well ; not ver ill." Or how he liked any thing, " Ver
nice ; not ver nasty." Or wliat he thought of snoli a one,
" Ver dood ; not ver bad."
On l)eing presented by Captain Burney to the several
branches of the family, when he came to this memorial-
ist, who, t'rom a bad cold, was enveloped in muslin wrap-
pings, he enquired into the cause of her peculiar attire ;
and, upon hearing that she was indisposed, he looked at
her for a moment with concern, and then, recovering to
a cheering nod, said, " Ver well to-morrow morrow !"
In the currency of this intercourse, remarks were in-
cessantly excited upon the powers of nature miassisted
by art, compared with those of art unassisted by nature;
and of the equal necessity of some species of innate apt-
ness, in civilised as well as in sav.agc life, for obtaining
success in person.il aeipiirements.
'I'lie diswerters on the instrnelion of youth were just
then peculiarly occupied by the letters of Lord Chester-
field; and Mr. Stanhope, their < bjeet, was placid conti-
nually in a parallel line with ( ) liah : the lirst, beginning
his education at a great public school; taught from an
infant all attainable improvements ; ijitrodneid, while yet
a youth, at loreigu courts; and brought forward into
high life with nil the favour tliat care, expense, informn-
tion, and retinement could furnish ; proved, » ilh all these
iK'nefits, a heavy, ungainly, luipleasing character : while
the second, with neither rank nor wealth, even in his
own remote island, and with no tutor but nature; chang-
ing, in full manhood, his way of life, his ilress, his coun.
try, and his friends; appeared, through a natural tiiellity
of observation, not alone uidike a savajre, but with the
air of a person wlio had ilevoted his youth to the praetii i
of tho.ie grat 's, which the most elahoratrly aeeomiilished
of noblemen haci vainly endeavoured to make the orna-
ment of his son.
ST. M-vrtin'.-* stui;i;t.
The house in Queen-squate had been relinquished from
dilfieulties respeetmg its title; and ,Mrs. Burney assidu-
ously ami skilfullv purchased anil prepared another, dur-
ing the doctor's illness, that was situated in tjt. .Martin's
street, lieieesler-lields.
If the house in tjiieen-square bad owed a (Imiiful part
of its value to the belief that, formerly, ni his visits t
Ablerman Barber, it had been inhiibited oeeasionally l>
IX^nii Swill, how inneh higher a local claim, was vi slid
in imagination, liir a mansion that had deeldidly U'en
tile dwelling of the innnortal >Slr Isaac Newton!
MR. IIRUCE.
This new resldenee was opened by the dislinelion of
n new uequaiutanee, who was then us much the imme-
diate lion of the (lav, us had been the last new aeqnainl-
anee.Oiniah. who fiud closed lliu annals of the residence
in ({iieen-square.
This iMTsoiiage was no other than the famous Mr.
Uruee, who w.'m just returned In Kugland, i. Her having
lieei' wandering, and thought to Im' Inst, curing four
years, in the deserlH and samlsof the bitherln Kuropcan-
nnlrodden territory of Africa, in search of tli s source, or
sourec!!, of the Nile.
The mirrations, ami even the sight of Mr. Bruce, were
at this time vehemently smigh', not only ly "II London,
I jt, as fur as written iiitercourio could be strelehed, by
all I'urojie.
The tales spread dir (inil wide, first of his rvlranrdinary
di»api"'arniH'e from the world, anil next of his miev|M'eted
rc-«p|M'nr«m-e in the heart of Africa, were so full of va-
riely.na well .isiif wonder, tliat they raised e'liinl curiosity
in the n',ost refined and the niobt uncultivated of his co-
temporaries.
Amongst these multifarious rumours, there was one
that aroused in Dr. limiiey a more eager desire to .sic
and converse with this eminent traveller, than was lilt
even by the most ardent of the enquirers who were press-
ing upon him, in Successive throngs, for intelligence.
The re|>orl here alluded to, asserted, Inat Mr. Bruce"
had discovered, and piTsonally visited, the long-famiil
city of Thebes; and had found il such as lleroilutus bad
deseribed : and that he had entered and examined its
eelebrated temple; aiul had made, and brought Imme, a
Irawing of the Theban harp, as iK'autil'ul in its execution
as in its form, though copied from a model of at least
three thousand years old.
Mr. Bre ' had brought, also, from Egypt, a drawing of
an .Vbyssioian lyre in present use.
The assiduity of Dr. IJunu'y in devising means of in-
troiliietion to whosoever could increase, or ameliorate, the
materials of his history, was not here put to any proof.
.Mr. Bruce bad been an early friend of Mrs. Strange, and
of her brother, .Mr. Luuiisden; and that zealous lady im-
mediately arranged a meeting between the parties at her
own house.
This celebrated narrator made the opo/iingofhis career
as an author, in the lii.story of Music of Dr. Burney; to
the eclat of which, on its first apjicarance, he not slightly
contributed, by bestowing upon It the two ndmirabh'
original drawings above-mentioned, with a letter histori-
cally descriptive of their authenticity.
With frcfl) pleasure and alacrity. Dr. Burney now
went on with his work. So unlooked for a reinforce-
ment of his means could not have arrived more season-
ably. ]:".very discovery, or development, relative to early
limes, was not only of tsseutial strvieeto the Dissertation
on *he .Music of tiie .\neients, upon \,'hieh, now, he was
elaborately engaged, but excited general curiosity in all
lovers of antiquity.
Sill JOSIIl'.V KEYNOr.DS.
Amongst other new Iriends that this new niighhour-
hflod procured, or confirmed, to Dr. Ibirncy, there was
line of so congenial, so Sanntritan, a sort, that neighbour
he must have lK>en to the doctor from the time of their
lirst acquaintance, had his residence been in Dors' I.
square, or at Botolph's wharf; instead of Leicestcr-squari',
nil scarcely twenty yards from the doctor's own short
.street.
Sir .Toshua Reynolds, this good Samaritan, was, liiie
Dr. Burney, thoiiL'h well-read and ileeply studious, as
easy and natural lu discourse as if he had been merely
a man of the world ; and though his own art was his
passion, he was open to the warmest admiration ofrvery
other: .mil again, like the doctor, he was gay lliuiigh
eontemplalive, and llew from indolence, though he loiui-
eil enjoyment. There was a striking ri Minblauer in the
general amenity of theii intercourse, that not only loade
them, at all times, and with all |H'rsi>ns, free t'rom any
approach to envy, peevishness, or sari asm thei'iselves,
but seenn-d to spread around them a suavity that dissolved
those angry passions in others.
' and J
Mils. KKVNOLns.
Sir Joshua had a maiden sister, Mrs. Frances Bey-
nolils ; a wonuin of' worth and imderstaniling, but of a
singular eleiraeter ; w ho, unfortunately for herself, made,
throughout lite, the great mislake of nonrisliiug that sin-
gularity which v^'a■ her Luine, as if it had been ler bless-
.She lived with Sir Joshua at this time, and siood hifh
in the regard of his firm and most iiononred friend, Dr.
Johnson ; who saw and pitied her foible, lint tried to cure
il ill vain. It was that of living in an habitual perplexity
of mind, anil irresolution of eoiiduii,whieli to herself was
ri stiessly tormenting, and to all around her was teazingly
wearisome.
Whatever she suggested, or planned, one day, was re.
versed the nexl ; though resorted to on the third, as if
merely to Is' again rejected on the fourth; and so on, nl-
most endlessly; for she rang not the ehanges in her
opinions and ilesigiiH in ordi r to bring them into harmony
and practice; but wavei inulv In stir up new combini :ioiis
and ilillieulties ; till shi tiiiind herself in the nililHt of siii li
ehaotie obstriietions ns eoiilil chime in with no givi n
purpose; but iiiiist needs Im' IiII to ring their owii peal,
and to liegiii again just w here they iH'gan nt first.
This lady was a no imfreqiieiit visiter in .St. Martin's
strei I ; H here, for her many excellent ipialilics, she was
much esteemed.
Mrs. Frnnues Keynohls desirixl In |mint Pr. Biirnry'"
|)ortrait, that «h» iniithl pisep it imnnff crrlnin other
worthies of her choice, already ornamenting her ilrisi
roiini. The doctor had little time to spare ; liui liaj i' ■
natively the spirit of the old tcheol, to sutler 2\'o'. '
h.ily, to pair ort' togi'thcr.
During his sittings, one trait of her tcnncioiisliiimou,!
occurred, that he was always aiiiused in relating. \V||j|.|
he was painting his hair, which was reniiirkublv lliittf
she asked him, very gravely, whether he ecai|(|'|,.( | 1
have his w ig some day to work at, without troubling liiml
to sit.
" My wig?" repeated he, much surprised.
" Yes;" she answered; " have not you more tlianoneJ
can't you spare it .'"
"Spare it/ — Why what makes you think itawioll
It's my own hair." '
"O then, I suppose," said she with a smile, "Imudl
not call it a wig '"
" Not call it a wig ? — why what for, my dear ni,nl,iijj
slioulo you call it a wig?"
" Nay, sir," replied she, composedly, " if you lio nea
like it, 1 am sure I won't."
And he protested, that though be offered licr cvmB
proof of twistiiig,twileliiiig, and twirling that she |ilinMjf
she calnii_v eontinned painting, without hniliiig hisip.
peal for the hairy honours of his head; anil only cooIItI
re|ieating, " I suppose, then, I must not call it a wig ■'
(iAKKICK.
An appointment having been arranged by Dr. Bum
for presenting his friend Mr. Twining to Mr. (iarritkj
the two I'oniier, in happy conference, were injoviij
the society of each other, while awaiting the priaiii.cJ
junction with Mr. GarricK, when a violent rapping utilJ
street door, which prepared them for his welcunicartivill
was followed by a deniunil, through the foolinan, wliit'ieil
the doctor could receive Sir Jeremy Ilillsbornu|i|i; /
baronet w lio was as peculiarly distasteful to both llii' jti
tlemeii, as .Mr. (iarriek was the reverse.
" For heaven's sake, no 1" cried Mr. Twining; anilltJ
doelor eehoing "No! No! No!" was wilh cufirnia
si-ndiiig otf a hasty excuse, wlieii the foolniiin\vlii({H:rtil
' Sir, he's at my heels 1 he's dose to the door ! Iir ivoulj
not stop!" And, strenuously flinging o|mii tlit^ lilinn
loor himself in a sloueliiiig hat, an old-fiisliiunril uJ
roeolo, over a greatcoat of which the collar was tnrm
up above his ears, and a silk handkerchief, held as irirenJ
the tootli.aelie,to his mouth, the forbidden gui »l cnlinill
lowlv, lowly, and solemnly bowing Ins head as he iiU
vaneeil ; thoui'li, qiiaker-likc, never touching his lial,ui
not nttering a word.
The Doctor, whom Sir,Iereniy had never brliirp visil'il
ind to whom he was hardly known, save by oiwii ilu,
-iiiiilarily upon some literary subjects; and .'Mr. T»iiiinj[J
to whom he was only less a stranger to be niori' obnoimii'l
from having been nt variancewith his family; ii]uallj(
luiliil, from their knowledge of his irascible ili;ir»ii,Tl
thai the visit had no other view than that of (lt'a,oiiO!i>|
alisfaelion for some ofVeiU'C supposed to have birn uirml
to his high self importanee. And, in the awkwnriliusji
sui h a suriuise, tliey could not but feel disennerrtiil, i
ab.'ished, at having proclaimed their averseni'siilny
sight in such uniiiidUlied terms, and inuncdiulvly .iiliiii
his hearing.
Fur a mimite or two, with a silence like liisonn.'
iwnlted an explanation ofliis purpose; when, alli r s'lud
besitatiiiii, ostentatiously wiving one hanil, w!iili Hi
other still held his handkerehiet' to his moiilli, Ihr niJ
weleoine intruder, 'o their uttei astonislimiiit, 'lumMl
wnr.l; and eom|Hisedly si aleil himself in an nrm I'liil^
near the lire ; filling it broadly, wilh an air of doniinK!
ing iiuthotity.
The gentlemen now looked nl each other, in i
doubt whitiMr their visiter had no) found bis w«vli
them from the vicinity of .Misirtields, where tlicniliid
the llethleiii Hospital.
The pause that ensued was emlinrrassing, mill imliia
free from iilirin ; when the intruder, after iiiiiMnm
nary nod or two, of a palpably Ihreatening niitiif
delily starti d up, threw oil' bis Hloiiehed hat niiilu'lii))
coll.. Hung bis red silk handkerchief into the n«lirs,
displayed to \iew, lust runs w ilh i n,ieity,theeiiyruiii™
the sparkling I yii-, and lunghii.i- ■ nunlenuner nftiirwll
— llie inimilable iiuitalor, David tiarriek.
Dr. Burney, di lighled at this ill \elopciiient, cliip|«^
bis hands, as if (he scene had been ri ini senli il nl a I
Ire: and all his family presinl jiilned rMplUl"ll^^ "
plniidil : while Mr. Twining, wilh the hlijipt
a niiildi n exehange from ex|He|id di»Kiii'l I"
pleasure, engi rly iipproaibi d the arni-ihail, lei 1 1'
nlion which he had longed I'or nearly Ihtonrli.iu!'
Mr. (Jnrriek Ihen, with many hearty ifriproenli'tK >
"Allrail. passer b)
Willi wrote like an
MEMOIRS OF l>U. BURNEY.
363
iiienliiifTliLr (Instil J
lospiiri'; hulliailiM
, tosutliT No! and J
lnTtcniiciousl„im„J
■d 111 rclalinj;. \vi„,J
fiiB ri'iiiiirkablytl,itj|
liiT lie ciiuld lei In.,'!
vitlir.ut IrouLling liiul
you (liink ii a „n,i|
ilh asmik', "ImiiJ
for, my duiir niadsmj
icdiy, " if you do J
•ungcd liy Dr. BurmjL
iiing lo Jlr. CarrickJ
rtncf, were ciijoviiiij
wiiilinj; tlio liroiiii-i
violiut r!iii|iiiigalilj
ir Ills WflcumearrinlJ
1 tlio liiotman, wliiilit]
I'lny lliilsl)ornu(;li;
isU'liil to butlilhtjtnJ
rcrtp.
Mr. Twilling; andikJ
WHS Willi oiipimti
lie rodtimiii \vlus|)crnl
to tlic door I III' wottlj
liiiig oiK'ii llif hbrin
ail old-liisliiuiird tiiii
till' collar was turn
Trliicl" lii'ld as ifl'roiJ
hiildpii (tui'st enlHi^i
fr his liend an lie idT
toucliiiig Ills liat,iu
irr liUr lii^ own. flirJ
iiKo ; wlii'ii, nl)ir si'iiJ
niir liaiiil, wliilr lla
liJH iiioiilli. tlir iiaJ
oiiiHliniiiit, iniiu'liirl
If ill un urmcliiq
li nil air of domintt
I . Iidjrj e.xi)OUiidcd the niotivo to tliu foal which Iw hud
|!,'li,iil awaked, lie paid, that morniiijr, under the for-
idabic iiii|>ression of an iiilroduct.iim to a proltiiiiid
...^jeliolar, that was almost awl'iil ; and that had set
ijia lo imnderiiiis; upon the Cfrreirious los.s of time and
J(isural)ility that hung upon nil foriiialitics in inakiup
!^v aciiuaiiitJinces ; and ho then
I K'v ac'l''
hen set hi.s wits lo work al
|K,jj|||j| means for skippinfr at once, by some slight o)
1. jj iiiio ahrui't cordiality. And none oecurrcd that
I 1^.(1 so proiiiisinfr of spontaneous sueccss, i\a present-
lain hiiiisilf under the as|M:ct of a [ktsoii whom he knew
liiljc so ili'sperately unpleasant to the scholiast, that, at
llieviiy sound of his name, he would inwardly ejaculate,
" Take any form but that
Here, in a moment, Mr. Oarrick wa.s in tlic centre of
lllieaiurtnient, in the attitude of llamlct at the sight of
lliii'ijilil*!.
TIlis liurlesquo frolic over, wliich gave a. playful vent
SlliilsirMii;d almost necessary to the siiperaliundant ani-
I soirils of Mr. Garrick, who, as I>r. Johnson has said
lol'Sliaki'siK'arc, "was always struggling for an occasion
llobecoinic,'" he cast away farce and inimiery ; and he-
luim' liir llw rest of the visit, a judicious, intelligent, and
I inliiiiljrmi'd, though ever lively and entertaining con-
I OT-ir anil man of letters : and Mr. Twining had not been
I ijii'i amused by Ilia buttbonery, than ho grew ehnrmcd
Ik ("^rationality.
Ill tile course of the conversation, the intended Kney-
|tlo|«iliaof Dr. (joldsinith being mentioned, and the Doe-
I tor's ilt'.illi warmly regretted, a description of the eliarai-
llrra.i will as works of that charming author was brought
Ifcrivirii; nnd .Mr. GarrieU named, what no one else in his
|irt>riur oDiild have hinted nt, the piH'iii of Retaliation.
Mr tiarrirk had too much knowledge of mankind to
llTfil vviili lightness ho tbicible an attack upon the stability
loi'lus rni'iidsliips, however it might be soUrned otl' by
lllie priisc of his talents.* Hut he had brought it, he said,
|l|tni liiiiisi'lt', by an unlucky lampoon, to which he had
liitMstililv been led by the absurd blunders, and the in-
Itoniriralil'' inleriority between the discourse and the |)cn
lorUiis singular man; who, one evening at the club, jiuil
Ibi^nsooiitrageously laughable, that Mr. (iarriek had lieeii
Ibdrayi'd into as.serting, that no man could possibly draw
llhecbrai'ler of Oliver (iuldsinitli, till poor Oliver was
laiidiT (.Toiiiiil ; for what any one wmild say iiller an
Itoiir's re.idnig him, wo.i.d indubitably be reversed, alter
lialiour's iliat. "And then," JMr. <iarriek eoiitiiiurd,
'"10 risilile folly bringing another, I voted him to be
Ifad al lli.it time, that t iiiiglit give his reol eliiiraetcr in
lkiif|nlapli. And this," he added, " pi-oilneed this distich.
" AllPiid. p:nsrr by, for hero lies nil .Noll ;
Who wrote like an ungel — but talked like poor Poll I'
li'ddsaiith, iirneiisurably piiiiiei!, vowed he woul' ri -
Itiluli*; liul,!'.>^ver ready with lus tongue in public, thuugli
lll»'ay« re Illy with hi."' pen in private, lie hurried olf ui :.
lf\; and, kuiiiu time after, piodue'.il tli.it best if not only
Itilirical [mii'm; li.it he i ver wriile — " li< falialiun."
'fliH w.iM '' , ioMsinitli's tiii.il work, and did not come
Iwil nil allir ins death. .\iid it was still unlini.-lii'd ; the
lUlliiii, which waa ii|ion 8ir Joshua Keyiudils, being lull
lUl'ivrilli'ii:
" By flattery unspoil'il — "t
Toaviry general regret. Dr. Johnson had ihpI yet
Ikviiimiiiid. I'robably he was meant to I'orm th.' clinii,\
lotllui |iiore. Mis eharaeter, drawn by a man ol' such
llcule dmcriiuiiiiitiiin, who had pMisjiered iVoiii ills iVieiid-
lilii|i,vcl»iiMirte(l from his wit — w ho feared, ih.'.ided, and
IniMid, yil lioiioured, admiieil, and loved him — woiilii
liljuliii.M liuve been sketelied with as fine a peiieil ol
.iViulid praiM', and |iuiiileil salire, as bus murkeii the
lilitrarturiiitie distiehcii upon Mr. Uurliu aiit' Mr. Ciar-
■mi.
I'ONt'BIITR.
Ill till- pri\ I" nnrrnlive of nn historliin * the mnsieal
l«rt. 11 may n t '«• improper to insert some neeonni of the
IcffliiiTt., will, li lie (iieasionnlly gave to invited friends
Itnd ai'iiutiiitiineen nt llis own Iioum' ; as lliei, Im ;. r.ipbi-
l"ll.nimrk hii >.ivlc nf life, and the roiiBlUiTatlon .,'Hliirli
Iticiru held by I'lie inn«ii\ 1 world.
'"ili'cml oir his iVie ids, UN a huntsman liis |mek,
Kor he knew wlivn li« would lie cuulU wliiiUu Uirin
liiirk."
' riii« hut iiiuiniHlHliiT woi rommimiend il In the
iMii^rliySir Jiiihimliimm'ir.
The eoiiipany was always small, as were the apart-
ments ill wliieli it was reeeived; bill always select, as the
name, fume, and travels of the doctor, by ullowing him n
elioiee of guests, enabled him to limit udniission to leal
lovers of music.
lie had never any formal band ; though it ia probable
that there was hardly a miisiciun in England who, if
called U|ion, would have refused his seiviees. Hut they
were not rci[nisilc to allure those whom the doctor
wished lo please or oblige ; and a crowd in a private
apartinent ho thought ay inimical to harmony a» to con-
versation.
It was, primarily, to gratify Mr. Crisp tli.at, while yet
in I'oland-slreel, he had begun these little musical assem-
blages ; wliieli, ill dili'ereiit Ibrins, and with ditiercnt pur-
ties, lie eonliiiiied, or renewed, through life.
The simplicity of the entertaininent had, probably, its
full share in the incitement to its participation. A re-
ijiiest to or from the masli.'r of the house, was the sole
ticket of eiitranee. And the urbanity of the doctor upon
these oceasiiiiis, with the warmth of Ilia praise lo excel-
lence, and the candour of his indulgence lo failure, made
his reception of his visiters dis|iense a ple.isiire so uiicon-
slruiiied, so varied, so gooil-liuiiioure;l, that his concerts
were most sought as a favour by those whoso presence
dill them the most honour.
To style them, however, conccrt.s, may be conferring
on them a dignity to which they had not any pretension.
There was no bill of fare : there were no engaged subal-
terns, either lo double, or aid, or contrast, with the prin-
cipals. 'I'lie i«'rtbrinaiiccs were promiscuous; and sim-
ply such as suited the varying humours and desires of
the company ; a part of which were always ussiKlanls as
well as auditors.
Some details of these Iiarn<oiiical coteries, which were
wrilti 11 at the moment by this memoriali.st to Mr. Crisp,
will be selected .'roiii ainoiigst those which eoiiliiin elia.
raeteristie traits of |K'rsoiis of iiUbrity; as they may
more pointedly display their east and nature, than any
merely descriptive reminisi eiiccs.
No apology will be ple.ided for the careless manner in
which these aeeounts are reeorded ; Air. Crisp prohibited
all Ibnii or study in his cjiistolury iiitercour.sc with his
young eorres|Hiiideiil.
" TO SAMI'EI. CIIISI', KSli. CIlESlMiTON, KINfiSTON, SlRUl'V.
" Let me now try, my dear Mr. Crisp, if I cannot have
the pleasure to make you dolorously repent your iiie.xo-
rubilily to coming to town. We have had such sweit
miisiel — Hut let me begin with the company according
to your ■ rders.
"'I'liey all arrived curly, and st.iiil tin' whole evening.
" rile Huron ili' Diiilcn, tl.e D.iiiisli Aiiibass.iilnr.
"'I'lie Haroiiess, his wife: a sweet woniuii, iiideid;
\oung, pretty, ueeoiiiplisheil, unil graceful. She is reek
' lied the (iiicst ddiiltnitr perlbrmer on the piano-forte in
i-iirope.
' T might 1.. eonlente.l, you will perhaps say, to liuvi
;;i\en her iIm:, p-eeedenee in England and in Denmurk .
I. f. ill 111 i uw.'i cu'iiitry and in ours : but Europe somiils
in.'i'^ noble '
" 'I'lie lliriourable Aliss I'hipps, 'vlio enmc with her,
or rather, 1 believe, was brought by her, for they are great
friends ; and Miss I'hipps hud already lieen with us in
(iiiri'ii-sipiure. '^iss I'hipps is a ilaugliler of Lord .'\liil-
gr:i\e, and s.sler lo the famous I'olar cuplain. She seems
lull of spirit and taste.
"Sir James and Eudy Lake; Sir TliomaH Clnrges;
.Mrs. and .Miss Ord ; and a good many others, agreeable
enough, thniigh too ti ilioiis to miiitioii, having nothing
either striking or odd in llieiii. lint the pride of the
evening, as neill.er you, my dear Air. Crisp, nor Air.
Twining, could be with us, was Air. II.MUUS, »/' Sulin-
I'liri/, author of the three tieulises on I'mtry, Music, and
I'aiiiliiig; k'hilosopliieul .Vrniiigements; llennes, vVe.
Ill broiiglil with liii'i Mrs. Iluiris, and his sii'ond ilangli-
li ', Alias Liiiiisii, a dislingiiished and high-bred lady-mii-
si> iiiii. AlisH Harris, the eldest, a eiiltivateil and liigli-
iiii d eliara;ler, is, I believe, with her brother, our iiunister
at I'etersbiirgli.
" lli'Minu,^ Air. llurn'.'y,nnd our iioblo Reives, bring up
the rear.
"There wan u great denl of eonvemation previous lo
the iniisie. lIiil UH the party was loo Inrgr tor n general
iliiillirmnil, every body that had not eoiirnge lo i.lroll
ubont and please tliemselMs, was obliged to take up with
then next iiri<r|ibour. What lliiiik you, then, of inv gnoil
liirtiine, when I tell you I lia;i|Hined to sit by Air. llarris '
and (hat so happening, joineil lo my being nt home,- —
+ Tlic doctor'n oldciil duugliter.
loweverolhcrw '-e 'iisignifieant, — gave me the intrepidity
to abunilon my y' . ami nay responses, when he was so
good as to try wl ilier I could make any other. Ills looks,
indeed, arc so I'nII of benignity, as well as of meuning
and underslanding, and his manners have a suavity so
gentle, so cneourugiiig, lliiil, notwithstanding llis high
name as an autlioi-, all fear from his renown was wholly
whisked away by delight in his discourse and his coun-
tenancc.
" My father was in e.iccllent spirits, and walked about
from one lo another, giving pleasure to all whom he ad-
dressed.
" As we had no violins, basses, flutes, &C., we were
Ibrced lo cut short llie formality of any overture, and to
eommenee by the harp. Mr. Jones had a very a.vcet iii-
slriimenl, with new pedals, eonstrueli il by Merlin. lie
plays very well, and with very neat execiilioii.
" Air. Huriiey, then, al the rcijuesl of the Baroness dc
Deiden, went lo the harpsichord, where he fired away
with his usual genius, lie lir.st played a eoiicerto of
Sehobert's ; and then, as the baroness would not let him
rise, uiiolher of my futlier's.
"When Air. liuriiey had received the riimjiHiiicnts of
titr, rwhilili/ and jientij^ my father solicited the baroness
to lake his place.
"'Olio!' she cried, ' I cannot hear of .such a thing!
II ia out of the (pieslion ! It would be a figurante lo
dance a pas seul alVer Aladcmoiselle Heiiiel.'
"However, her animated friend, Aliss Pliipps, joined
so earnestly with my fiither in entreaty, that, as tlic ba-
ron looked 1 roiigly his sanction to their wishes, she was
prevailed upon to yield; which she did most gracefully j
and she then played a dilUeult lesson of ■Sehobert's re-
markalily well, with as much meuniiig as execution. She
is, besides, so modest, so unassuming, and so pretty, that
she was the general object of admiration.
" When my f itlier went lo thank her, she said she had
never been so frightened before in her life.
" My father then begged another German composition
Iroiii III r, which he hud heard her play at Lord Mul-
grave's. She was going, most obligingly, to comply,
when the baron, in a half whisper, and pointing to my
sister Huriiey, said, ' Ajiiis, inn clieie ."
"' H/i biin Dili r cried Aliss I'hipps, in n lively tone,
' »/irt".i jMiiilamr Hurney 1 come. Airs. Burney, pr.ay in-
diilge us.'
" The baroness, with n ph'ascd smile, most willingly
made way ; and your lletlina, niiull'eeteilly, though not
■liiite unllnttereil, took her seat ; and lo avoid any air of
einulation, with great propriety began with a slow move-
iiieiit, as the baroness hud played a piece of I'-vecntion.
" I'or this purpose, she I'liose your tiivourile bit of
I'ehiird; and I iiesi r hi urd her play it betler, if so well.
Merlin's new pedals iiiuili' it exquisite ; and the expres-
sion, I'eeling, and tusle with wliieli she performed il, rais'^d
a general iiiuriiiur of applause.
" Air. Harris ini|iiiied eagerly the name of the eompo-
■1 r. Every body SI emed to be struck, nay enehanted :
and elinniH il into siieli silence of attention, that if a pin
hud dropt, it would have caused a universal start.
" 1 should be ashamed not lo give you a more noble
iiuiuphor, or simile, or eoniparisiiii, tliiiii a pin; only I
know how cheap yon hold all iittempts at line writing;
mil tliul you will liiie my poor simple pin, just as well as
if I hud stiinneil you with a eaiinon bull.
'Aliss Louisa llurris then consinled to vary the en-
lainmenl by singing. She was ueeomp.iniid by .Mr. Har-
ris, whose soul seems all iniisie, though he has made llis
pen amass so many other subjects into the bargain, Shu
bus very little voice, either for sound or compass; yet,
which is wonderful, she gave us all extreme pleasure; for
she sings in so high ii style, with sueli pine taste, snrh
native tilling, and siieli acquired knowledge of music,
that there is not one tiiii' voice in a liimdred 1 could listen
III » ilh equal satisfuiliiiii. >Slii' g.ive ua nn unpublished
uir of Saei'hini's, introduced by some noble riciluli\ of
lliut delieloiia eoniposer,
".She ileeliircd, however, she .-liiiuld have liccn teaa
f'righteneil to have sung at a thealre, than to •neli nn ail-
tlienee. But she was prevuihd with to give iis, al\rr-
wards, a sw el tlowing ronilenil of |{aii//,iiii's, from liU
opera of I'lramis and Tliisbe. She iHcxlrcmi ly uimfTcut-
ed and ugr»'eiil.Ie.
" Then lidlowed what my fullier cuUed tlie gienl gun
of the evening, Aluthel's duet lor two harpsicliordu;
wbieli my father lliiuks the nubleat coiii|>ositioii of its
kind in the world.
" Air. Burney inid the Iletlinii nov.- eaineolTwitli flyinij
eoloiira iiidi id ; nolliing eoiihl i xeccd the geiierni appro-
bation. Air. Harris was III :.u eisluay that plnycd over
all Ilia fine t'eilurca ; Sir James Lnke, who ia (aeiliirn
iz
;'•>»'
'■1
:■>'.
i" f
ff
k^:
361
ItlE^IOIRS OF DR. BUnNEY.
I,!*
ill".:--!,,.
.1 t-it¥:..,^ ; ' '•
; •*■■- ■« ' .,;'■■ , ■',
ami col<l, was surprised ivcii into lo(|uacity in its prnisi
Lady Iiakc, more prune tn 1)C pleased, was dtliplited to
rapture; the line pliysiofrnoniy ot" Miss l'liij)ps was liijlit
cd up til an animation ipiito enlivenin<r to behold; and
the sweet IJaroness de Deiilen repeatedly ])rotesled she
liad never been at so sinirularly agreeable a concert be-
fore,
" She would not listen to .?ny entreaty, however, to play
again ; and all instrumental inusie was voted to be out ol'
the quesliiin l(;r that ni^rht. .Miss Louisa Harris then,
with great goo<l hreediuLS as «ell as good nature, was
won by a general eall to give us a liiiide, in a fine bravu-
ra ail ol' Saiehiiii's, whieh she se.ng extremely well,
though nude.' evident ami real all'right.
" 'i'here v!is then a good deal ol" ejiat, very gay and
pleasing; afier which the eiimpany went away, in all ap-
pearance, un:-oininoiily gralitied : and we who remained
at home, weje, in all reality, tl.e same.
" Hut hov we wished tor our dear Mr. Crisp ! Ho
pray, now, h ave your goni to itself", and enine to our next
music meet ng. Or it* it needs must eling to you, and
come also, who knows but that luusie, whieh has
' ( Harms to soothe the savage breast.
To sol'lcn roeli.s, and Umd t!ie knotted oak — '
may have clip rms also, To sofUii (Joul, and t'nbcnd Knot-
ted King' rs !"
Previously to any further |ierusal of tlic.<c juvenile
narrations, it is necessary to prei 'i.se, that there were, at
this |HTiod, three of the most exc 'I'ing siiuiiTs that ever
exerted rival powers at the sail . ■ . leli, ivlio eipially and
earnestly sought the aeiiuainl.uii i lui sullrage of Dr.
Burney ; namely.
Miss Cecilia Uavies, dcttn i'liij wina.
La Signora .Agujari, delta h l!>^ ,. della^
And the fiir 'ai:' ' Sir.iora (Jalirif .,i.
I'lX'II.IA x^
Miss Cecilia V,<n
nately as brief as ' ■
been made known '
as it was honoiira. i
Dr. Johiisfin ; a me
vices of Dr. liiirnev,
m
■ VS, DKTTA T. IXJLESINA.
s, du> ;; n. nil '''a! career, unfortu.
'11! st,io>.did, bad. at Imt own desire,
Dr. t{iiri y i;; T^ ni inner as |R'culi.'.r
', f'o' II ivas .'Ir i;;!: 1 he mi'diiim of
;ui which 'M, u .'<i her llie best ser-
i;i,d the '. '.i • n >ii Lis tiiu.ily.
Her fame and talents are prucl.ilmed in llie History of
Music, where it is said, " .Miss 1 i.ivies iiaii the honour ol
being the lir.st Kiiglish 'voinan who |>er'iiruied the li:.
male parts in several great theatres in Italy; to wliieli ex-
traordinary ilistimtiiiu siieceeded that of luT In ('oniiiig
the lirst woman at Ihe great opera theatre of London.''
And in this course of rare celebrity, her unimpeachable
condncl, her pleasing manners, and her eiiLMging modes-
fy of speech and deportmeiit, fixid as much respect on her
I ersoii and eharactcr, is her singularly yciutlil'iil success
i'fld fastened upon her prol'essional ahililies.
Hut, unlii.tunalely, no |iartieiilars can be given of any
private performance of Ibis our imligcnoiis hrillianl orna-
ment at the bouse of Dr. Durnvy ; liir though she was
(here welcomed, and wasi'^cu eager to oblige him, the ri-
gour of her opera articles prnhibiled her froii snigingeven
a noie, at that lime, to any private oarty.*
The next abstract, llicrel'ore, ivi.i« to
A<JrJ.\l(I, l>liTT\ I.A II.VSTARk>i;M.A.
•I\> SAMI'KI. I'RI.' T, r:ltu.
" My dear Mr. Cri«p, — My father says I »<•• i write
you cvry Ihinu "f iverv sort ibout Agnjari, Ihol yon
may gel ready, well or ill, to come and bear li< r. So pray
make baste, and never mind such commMi obstacles as
health or sickness upon such an occasion.
" La Signora Agu) iri has been nick iiaincd, my father
BByii in Italy, from soine niistiirtiine attendant U|H>n her
birth — but of which she, ct least, is innocent — La llaslar-
dcU*. She in now eoincoverto I'nglaiid, in Ihe prime of
hef life and her fame, u|i<m nn cngagcmcnl with the pro-
prH'tots of the I'ni.lheon, to sing two soni;s a* their eoii-
cerl, at one hundred pounti- a iiighl' My father's lour in
lt«ly ban nindi' his name and his b storieol design so well
known there m the inn.'tieal world that she immediately
dcHJred his aeipi.iintanec on her iir 'ival in London; and
Ih. Maty, one of her protei'lorN in Ibis eoiinlry, was de-
|ta»nJ to bring iheni lo)fetJier ; whi h ho did, in St. Mur-
tin'B Hlreel, Inst week.
"Dr. Mnty i» pleat.ing, ntiillif, 'nt, uiiil well bred;
•Thin curly eekbrnted (.('rfiiriner, now in the deellne
•f llli', alVer losing lier In illb, aiid nearly oiil-liviiig her
f^icndii, is redticod, u't b\ faiillN but mislortunes, lo a
■late of |NTiiBinry ddVienti e«, Ihrougli whieh she iniisl
long sinee h*vr snnit, In.t for Ihe generous Hiieciiiir of
mime iiernoiiaKCii ns high in Is'iirvolenee an in rank
though formal, precise, and a rather att'ected little man.
Itiit he stands very high, they say, in the classes of litera-
ture and learnini;; and, moreover, of character and wor-
thiness.
" lie handed the signora « itii imich pompous ceremony,
into the drawing-room, wlicrc — trumpets not being at
hand — he introduced her to my lather with a line llourish
of complimeiits, as a phcnomenim now first letting her-
self down to grace this pigmy i.sland.
" This style of loliy grandeur seemed perfectly accord-
ant with the style and tiiney of the Signora ; whose air
and deportment aiinouneed ucliberatc dignity, and a de-
sign to strike all beholders with awe, as well as admi-
ration,
" She is a handsome woman, of middle sl.ature, and
seems to he a'lout twenty-four or twenty-five years of age ;
with a very good and healthy complexion, heeoming, and
not absurdly rougeil; a well shaped iio.se, a well-eul
mouth, and very prominent, rolling, expressive, and dy-
inglv languishing eyes.
"She was attended by SignorCoUa, her maestro, and, as
sinne assert, her husband; but, undoubtedly her obsequi-
ous and inseparable companion. He is tall, thin, almost
liiiy when conversing ; and tolerably well furnished
with gesture and grimace ; /(/ exi, made up of nothing
else.
" The talk was all in French or Italian, and almost all
between the two Doctors, Uurncy and i\Iaty ; we rest, be-
ing only audilofs, except when something striking was
said upon music, or ujion some musician; and then the
hot thin Italian, who is probably a Neapolitan, juin|M'd
up, and started forth into an abrupt rhapsody, with such
agitation of voice and manner, that every limb seemed a'
work almost as nimbly as his tongue.
" lint la i^ignora Agnjari sat always in placid, inaj '-tic
silence, when she was not personally addressed,
" .Signer Colla expressed the uio.st unbounded veneration
for il Signor Dottore Horni ; who.si\ learned character,
he .«aid, in Italy, had lel\ him there a name that had made
it an Honour to be iu'roduced to un si celrhri' hoiiime. ."ly
lather retorted the compliment upon Hie .\gujari ; lament-
ing that be had missed hearing '.r abroad, where her
talents, then, were but rising iiite renown.
" .Nc\ertlielcss, though be nat.;rally concluded that tliis
visit was designed liir granlii . him that grati.'lealioii, he
was somewhat dillident how to 'Icmand it from oiu who,
in England, never cpiav rs liir less tliau filly guineas an
air. To jiave, therefore, the way lo bis recpicst, be call-
ed iijion Mr. Uurncy and the ILttuialo oficnthe concert
i%illi a duel.
"They readily 'niyiplied ; and the Agnjari now relin-
ipiislied a |)art ol' iter stalely solemnity, to give way,
lliough not without |Pal|ialily iiiarvelliiig that il could be
called for, to the pleasic • that their perliiriiiance excited ;
for pleasure in music n a sensation that she seems to
think oiiL'hl In be held in her own giU. .\ud, indeed, for
vocal 111 i.-ie, (iaiirii Hi is, avowedly, the only exception lo
her 1 eiM rsal disdain.
" 'is Mr. Hurin'y anil the Hi ttina, however, attempted
n' lo invade her excluding picrogative, they first esca-
;,cd her supercilious contempt, .'iiid next caught her iis-
lonislieii attention ; wliicli soon, to our no sn.ill satisliie-
tioil, lose too|H'ii, lively, and even vociferous rapture. In
Iriilli, I believe , she was really glad lo 1h' surprised out of
her liitiguing diiiiib grandeur.
" This was a moiocnl not In be lost, and my father hint-
ed his wishes to l>r. .Maty: Dr. .Maty hinted them to
Signor Colla ; liil Signor ' ''!i did not take the bint of
bintiiig llieiii 11. I... Itiibla .'i i.a. He shrnifgi-d, and be-
came all gestii ubiiioii, iinu answ red "lull the Signora
woiilil undoiilili !', . sing to the Signo
Mottore
'.re
III. mi
but that, at tlii^ ini <iient, kIic had a sligfi s'.re throat ;
and her ilcsin , win u she peri'orined lo il Signor Dottore
Itorni was, m luinmlflr, lie added, lo surpass herself
" W'e were all horribly disappointed ; hut SignorColla
made what amends he eoiibl, by assuring iis thai we bad
never yet known what singing was I 'nir r'rtl uni pin-
(/igf, iMfimif.irt el Menliimrs, iiur la Sip intra A/iiijuri.'
'• .My fallicr Ixiwed bis aeipiieHcenee; and llieii eiiipiired
wlielher hIic had been at the o|K'r« 7
"Olio;' ,Siiruor Colla answered; '»he was <oo itiueb
afraid of lh.it complaint which all her eounlrynien who
Iravellid to Lngland bad so long luineiiteil, and which the
I'^nglish e.'ill .all lieold, to venture to n theatre. '
" .\gujari then i ii.idesceniled loenipiire whether ilSi/r-
nor fh'lliirr had beard the (iai.rielli '
"'Not yet,' be replied; ' be waited her coining to Eng-
land. He had iiiiHHcd iier in Italy, from her having
paused that year in Cieilv.'
'■'Ml Diiihii!' cfclaimcd lliu Da.'itardini, ' man c't$l
diitnmagr ."
"'I'his familiar' Diul/lc" from such majestic lolljnej,.
had a very droll ctfect.
" 'I'll lints, Sigiiiiia, I'avfs-ious inlenJue? '
'"O Hue lion ." answered she, <|uitc bluffly, '(.fj^..
pas jiiissibk ." T
" And we were alarmed to observe that sh; l(,„uJ
highly affronted ; though wc could not [lossilily cotiiif
lure why, till Signor Colla, in a whisper, rcprseatodiliJ
error of the inquiry, by saying, that two first fiiiimJ
could never meet. .
" 'True .'■ Dr. Maty cried ; ' two suns nc\ cr light us J
once.'
" The Signora, to whom this was repeated in IlaJianj
presently recovered her placid dignity by the blazt
these two suns; and, hcliiic she went away, was m suchl
|ierfcct amity with il lUigitiir Duttnie, that she vnlunlariH
declared she would come again, when her sore throat wal
over, and rltiniler coiiime ilj'aut ."
if: Hf 1^ * ^ ffc
" iMy dear Mr. Crisp, — My father now bids mewrjisl
tiir him — which I do with joy and pride, for now, nuitj
thus instigated, thus authorised, let me present to you lli J
tiiumpliant, the uniqiio Agujari I
" O how we all wished for you when she broke forth inl
her vocal glory ! The great singers of okieii tjmfg
whom I have heard you so euiphatica"y describe, seem tol
have all their talents revived in this wonderful crcatiirel
I could compare her to iiolliing I have ev r licanl, but o
ly to wli.ii you fiave heard ; your Carcstini, Farinelli, StnJ
esino, alone are worthy to be ranked with the Baslarilinil
" Siie came with the Signor .Maestro Colla, very carh 1
to tc.i.
" I cannot deign to mention our party, — but it wa*
small and good : — though by no means bright enoujhtol
be enuincrat"d m the same page with Agujari.
" She frightened us a little, at first, by coniplair.inic:
a cold. How w . looked at one another ! i\lr. BunifiJ
was called upon lo begin ; which he did with even mrri
than his usual spirit; and then — without waiting I'firi
pi'tition — which nobody, not even my dear father, luj
yi 1 gathered courage to make, Agujari, the HaslanltHi]
arose, voluntarily arose, lo sing 1
" Wc all rose too ! we seemed all ear. There was r
occasion for any other ])art to our |)ersons. Had a faii,-
liir I won't again give you a pin, — fallen, I su|i)msc ml
should have taken it for at least a tlnmder-clap. .Mlnuf
linsliid and rapt attention.
" .Signor Colla aeeoinpanied her. She began with nlull
she called a little minuet of his composition.
'' Her cold was not atrccted, for her voice at lirsl nul
not ipiite ck'ar ; but she acquitted herself eharmingltJ
And, little us she called this minuet, il contained JilUl
tics which 1 firmly believe no other singer in the woiUI
could have executed,
"lliil her great talents, and our great aslonislinicntil
were reserved for her second song, which was lakeil
from .Metastasio's opera of Didone, set by Collr,
Itiii niiii>nii\ iiigfiifii ."
".Vs this was an aria pnrliinle, she first, in a voiifj
soDly melodious, read lis the words, that wo might coni'l
prebend what she had lo cypress,
" It IS nobly set ; nobly 1 'Dravo, il Signer Maestro:'|
c.ii d my father, two or three times. She beniui willi i
fulness and |Miwer of voice that ainnzed us bi'ymid i
our possible e.\peetnlions. She then lowered it in lii«{
most expressive soilness — in short, my dear Mr. ('n.'|i
she was sublime 1 I nun u.ie no oilier word willioul iip
grading her.
■ This, and a second great song from tin sniiie ipcrJ
.Vim liisinii, and Hiin Amniile, she sang m i plyl
whieh mv ears have hitherto been strangers. Slu-uiiiii
to her surprising anil iiKoinpurnble imwers ol' executi 0,1
and luxuriant (hcilily and eonipass of viiiie, na nprm
sioii still more delicai ' — and, I had almost said, uitlJ
Iv li'cling with that i.f <ny darling .Millien, wliu iMtl
opened my sensations to Uie inelling and boundkiiii ll^|
lights of vocal melody. In fuel, in Millieo it wan hil
own seiiHibilily that excited that of his hearers ; iiwul
HO geniiiiu, so touching ! Il seemed never In vtnt uill
spur t'roin admlralion, but always to own its exci'llnnl
to its own resistless pathos.
" \ It, with all Its vast compass, nnil these slii|>'iiiin>i|
sonorous sounds, the voici if Airu|nri has a niillnniii'S
a sweetness, that are quite vfuquishing. One ran liiirilitl
help hilling at her feet while one listens I llerslinkr,ti«,l
is so plump, so true, so open ! niii.' to displuy tier vaniiuil
abilities to my liitlier, she sung in twcnly slyle« — il'tiv..kl
ly there in.iy Ih' ; liir n.illiing h iH'yond her rrncii 111
songs of execution, her divisions were so f(i|ii(t, nn^ w I
brilliant, they almi»t ninJe one iWri.y lloni brpitlilMl
admiration : lier rnntalnlcs were so line, so ric'', m. iiw
I 'If (lie |M>r«iin and p
111' .Miisn ennlains
r WiH 111,, ninsl iiiii'
|iiir, I'nr .Surujuri died
I'liK liiul expanded tl
IV' liiTc, also, no pr
piiAli iierlliniianee, or
V"Mmleil al the. ho
I'lmrteiiiwly incite
ffai'il liiiii with tint
N'lii Jiiili! nt lo se
kprii'tn, en)uelries, ni
pinilleiw ri'iiorl had iir.
^nil tier i, liii;li-lieii. i
'if the worlij , nr n
ullirn! wiia n wiimin;
M «i"i ttir, thul could
^^"• ;V
MEMOIRS OF DR. BUIINEY.
36r>
ich inajcslic lofti.ies J
'endue .' '
itcl,lumy,'cf!an'eiJ
rve that si,; 1^,,^
not possibly conjoc
lapcr, ropr seined UiJ
lal two first fiingeJ
Buns nc\ cr light us]|
rcprattd in Tta|ij„j
uty by Ibc bla;
It away, was in such!
', tliiit slio vnlanijfiiJp
;n her sore throalwi
!r now bids mc writel
pride, for now, nijwj
1110 present lo you tl J
len she brolic; forth iiii
Tcrs of olden times
;a"y describe, seem loL
wondprful ercatcrej
ve cv< r lieard, but onl
rcstini, Farinelli,«itn]
1 Willi the Bastarilinil
tro CoUa, very cariJ
r party,— but it «aJ
alls brijjlit encajThtJ
til Agujari.
It, by complair.incc
lollier ! Mr. BuriifiJ
c did with even mere
ithout wailing I'nr i
my dear father, had]
jari, tlio liaslardd
car. There was r
rsons. Had a faii,-
fallcii, I supjinsc we|
urider-cla|i. AH ytuT
She began with ivIh||
iposilion.
cr voices at first wul
lierself ebarniinE!t.l
it contained ,l:lliciilJ
singer in llie uoiUl
prcat nstonislimcnl,!
which was taktn|
set by Cellf,, '
lie tirst, in a V(ii<f,|
that wo nii;;ht coni'l
il Sijrnnr .Maestro:]
SIh' be}; an willi i
lazed us beyniid alii
lowered il tu linl
iiy dear Mr. (repj
word willioul i
om the some "iinij
Ndiig in a 8tyl'
aiijjers. She umlx
KiH iTH 111' exccilU.nl
of vnjee, an Mprc
iilitMwt said, tf;iiftlJ
Millieo, H'liii nml
and liLUnilJeM itf-f
Millieo It was li>|
his lirarers : Ii t»|
never lo 'viiil mil
owe its eKt'lliil«l
d lliene i|ll|»'min<»l
hua a iiiellnn'iim I
ii;. Onernnliurnljl
llershoki'.liv,!
display her lorwul
ily slyles—il' '»'•'• I
111(1 her roncli II I
re so rii|ii(l, »i»l •» I
i.y Horn brMlhlwl
If, ^0 rlC*'. M' iiw
, jlijt wc could hardly keep the tears from our eyes.
iTWslic gave us some aceompanied recitative, with uno-
lli'nei< of accent, that made every one of us stand erect out
lij'rosiicct 1 Then, how fuscinately she condcsceiidod to
linJalirc iiswi''' 1 rondeau! though she holds thatsiinpli-
I lir ol' mi'loi'y boiicath her ; and thcn^forc rose from il
llihaiuitso""^ church music, of the Pope's Chapel, in a
I I, go nobly simple, so grandly unadorned, Ihat il
li«retralcd to the inmost sense. She is just what she
Itill' si"^ ''''" ''"" '"}?'"'*'• ti'^to, with an expression llio
I , patliilic ; and sho executes difficulties the most
I Mj (lie most varied, the most incndible, with jusl
I ii'meh case and facility as I can say — iiiy dear .Mr.
I Cri-'P*
. \'i,\v dnii't you die to come and hear her ? I hope
|(,Hi{|o. t', sin- 's indescribable !
' \s.viire yourself my father joins in all this, though
Ijuliaps. if lie had lime to write for himself, he luiglit do
liaiore Laily (Vraoo like, ' solicrly.' I hope she will
Ijiluiiat I'Msl half a volume of his history. I wish he
Ifoalil call her. The Heroine of Music !
»\Ve cniild not help regretting that her engagement
Iris at the Pantheon, as her evidently fine ideas of acting
liie thrown away at a mere eonccrt.
•At this, she made faces of such scorn and derision
luaiibl tiie managers, for not putting hor upon the stage,
llAit Ihey altered her handsome eounteiiaiice almost to
Injliiicss; and, snatching up a music hook, and opening
Bjl^ ,„d holding it full broad in her hands, she diopt a
Ifcrmal courtesy, to take herself off at the Pantheon, and
Ijiid; 'Oui! j'y suia Id comme unc statue', comme nnc
[ititi KoUtre ." And afterwards she contemptuously
iddcd: '■Mais, on n'aime i^uere ici que lea rondeaux '. —
jjii-i'flWion'e ces miseres Id!'
"One objection, however, and a rather serious one,
ainsi her walking the stage, is that she limps.
" Do von know what they assert to be the cause of this
liniHK'ss ? It is said that, while a mere baby, and al
tnsc ia Ihe country, she was left rolling on the grass
evening, till she rolled herself round and round to a
tif<lii'; v.'heio a hideous hog welcomed her as a delicious
jea.-K and mangled one side of the poor infant most
liaellv, before she was missed and rescued. She was
)\crcd wilh great dilficulty; but obliged to bear the
lascrlion of a |)lale of silver, to sustain the parts where
c terrible swine had made a eliasin; and Iheiiee she has
tencalleri ... I forget the Italian name, but that which
! been adopted here is Silver-sides.
"Voii may iiiiigine that the wags of the day do not
Iclsucha cireuiiistauce, belonging lo so famous a per-
m, p,iss unmadrigalled : Foote, my father liUs us, has
(fclirc'd he shall impeach the oustoin-lioiise ollieeis, lor
Idlitis her be smuggled into tin' kingdom ecmtraiy to
uiless licr sides have been enleied at Ihe .stamp
.\ri(l Iioril S.indwieh has madi' a catoh, in ih.i-
ptand ill Iliiliau, between till' infant anil (he luij;,
iiri' the firnier, ill a pliiiiilive tone of solieilmg uieiey,
bjP!; ( ',r<; iiii'i I'urro:' The hog answers by a grunt.
Her pileou- entreaty is reiieweil in the softest, tenderesl
Vble. Ills sol,' reply is expressed in one lung nnle ol
cloivest deepest bass. ,*'^ome of her highest notes are
ken ludieromly iiiiitat<d to vocalise little shrieks; and
ebof, in tin lie, irruiits -ml, ' .l/i .' rlit lirl m<nii;iiir ."
"liiird Sjinhvich, wbn showed this to my tiither, had,
lllca.«l, llii' grace In «ay, that lie woiilil not have il
►.nii'd. lest il should jet lo llor knowledge, till after her
flimi III lliilv."
I Tl.i' ra.lu.il ,111(1 scieiitifii' merits 'f tbio singiiliir |M'r-
JHiaffr, anil astonishing (MTliirmei, .ire fully expniinded
plhc History nf .Music. .She let) h/tfrlaiid with great
wii'iniii for the land of rondeau* . aiud never desired
tiisil iliiguin,
LA (JAItBIKLLI.
Kf tile (iprwm and perforninnee of (iabrirlli, the Tlis-
viit' .Miisir eiiniaiiiN n tiill and liiiiiiiHiu« ile»rriplioii.
rvM till' iiinsi imiversally renowned muf r "f her
|ii» . liir Airil|arl died before her high iiik un-xDinpled
*'Mt< liiid expa:ided their 'riily Minderliil siiprrmwv
I \i< lii're, also, nil private detai! ■iin be wriiten '>*' llie
■lull lierllirmaiire, or iiiaiinerH, .if I, a tMtrii'HI, av kIh'
V'T Milled at the house of Dr. Rurney; tliouijli ulie
Vw roiirtemwly invited him le her own; it whiell she
Reiml him wilh llattrring liiHlinetioii. .\iid, uh Hhe
WiIk' jiidemeiit lo set nuide, iii-on liiii vinrtK, the iiitH,
priaii, cinjni'tries, and gay iiisolenre.s, uf which the
PindWs riiwit biiil iireeeded her iirriviil in Eii|rlua>l, lir
►inJ tier n liii.di-b eij, acrnmpliHhed, and engiijfing vwii.
pin.,, the wiirlil , nr rather, he said, woiiinn oi lUHlmm ,
• llifro Whs H winning euse, nay, enplivatimi, in ftor
w and air, that could Hcarccly, in any cutlc, hi' luc^
passed. Her great celebrity, however, for beauty and ec-
centricity, as well as for professional excellence, had
raised such inordinate expectations before she came out,
that the following juvenile letters upon the appearance of
so I'xtraoidinary a musical personage, will bo curious, —
or, at least, diverting, to lovers of musical anecdote.
TO S.\.MIE1, CKISl", ESQ., CIIESI.VGTO.V.
Octdhir, 177.').
" My dear Mr. Crisp, — 'Ti.s so long since I have
written, that I suppose you conclude we are all gone for-
tnne-liimting to some other planet; but, to skip apolo-
gies, which I know yon sculf, I shall alone tor my
silence, by telling yon lint my (h'ar fallier returned frniii
liuxlon in (piito lestmed health, 1 thank God 1 and that
his first vnliiiiie is now roiigh-skelehed quite to the end,
[ireliicc and dedication inclusive.
" Jiut yon are veheincnl, you siiy, to liearof G.ibrielli.
" Well, so is every body else ; but she has not yet
sung.
" She is the subject of inquiry and discussion wher-
ever you go. Every one expects her lo sing like a thou-
sand angels, yet to be as ridiculous as a thousand imps.
Hut I believe sh" ]'urposes to astonish tliciii all in a new
way ; for imagine how sober and how I'lnglish she
means to become, when I tell you that she has taken a
house in (iolden-square, and put a plate upon her door,
on which she has had engraven, " Mrs. G.ihrielli."
" If John Bull is not llattcrcd by that, ho must be
John Hear.
" J(an7./.ini, meanwhile, who is to he the first serious
sing( r, has taken precisely the other side; and will have
nothing to do with his Jolmsliip at all ; for lie has had
his apartments painted a beautiful ro.se-cidour, with a
light myrtle sprig border ; and has ornamented them
with little knic-knacs and trinkets, like a fine lady's
dre.ssing-room.
'• Aly father dined with tlicni hotli the other day, at the
manager.s', i\Irs. Brookes, the author, and Mrs. Yates,
the ci-ih'viiiil actress. Rau/7.iiii sang a great many
sweet airs, and very delightfully ; but (Jabrielli not a
note I Neither did any one presume to ask for such a
fiivoiir. Her sister was of the parly also, who they say
cannot sing at all ; but Gabrielli insisted upon having
her iiigagi (1, and advantageously, or refused peremptorily
to come over.
" Nothing can e.xceed tlir impatience of people of nil
ranks, and all ways of Ihinking, concerniiig this so
celebrated singer. And if you do not come to town tii
he.ir liir, I shall com hide you lost to all the Saint Ceci-
liaii powers of attriielinn; and that yini are become as
inililVereiit In musie, as to dancing or to horse-racing.
I\ir my own part, if any thing should nnfortmiately
pn vent my hearing her first pi rforiiiaiiee, I shall set il
ibnvii in my iiiiinory ever after, as a very serious mis.
lorlune. Don't laugh so, dear daddy, pray !"
U'lillr.n the ueikfulloininp.
" How I rejoice, for once, in yonr hard-heartedness 1
liow .'isliaiiied I should have been if you had eouie, dear-
est sir, to my call I 'I'lie (iiibrielli iliil not sing I And
she let all Iiondnn, and all tin eoiiiilry too, I believe, ar-
rive at the the.itre beliire it was iiroelaimed that she was
not 111 appearl ('".very e'le of our family, and of every
oilier laiiiily thai 1 know, — aim that I don't know Ih'-
sides, were at the npera house at an early liuiir. We,
who were to enter al a private doer, per I'lvour of .Mrs.
Bniiikes, rushed past all handbills, not thinking them
woilh heeding. I'liiir .Mr. Yates, llie nianager, ke|il run-
ning from line oiillet to aiinlher, lo reliile Ihe sudden
desperate hoarseness of la .Signnra ttabrielli ; and, sup-
plicate patience, and, nioreovi'r, credence, — iinw from the
box openings, now iVom the pit, now from the galleries.
I lad he been less active, or less liimibl ', it is tlioiighl the
theati'i' would have been pnlle.l down; sii proiligiiiiis
was Ihe rage of the large assemblage ; none of them in
the least believing that (iabrielli had llic slightest thing
the matter wilh her.
" .My lather says |M'ople do not think that s'ngers have
llie eapneity "f liii\ iiig siieli a tiling a* a enld I
" The muriiiiiis, ' Wlial a shame 1' — ' how seandalons I'
— ' what iiisoleiit airsl' — kepi Mr. Yates npnii the aler'
from |nwt 111 |>osl. III Ihe uliuiisf stretch ol' his abililv ,
though his dntoroiiH eonnleiiaiiee paiiitid his tiill euiivie.
lion that be iiiiiiseif was llir iinrsi seriouslv to he pitied
aI' the imrly . for il was clear tlial he said, in soliloipiy,
ijftmt 1 very nnc tin:' he sent nwny ' "There goes hall ii
KiMH'ti I— 111 111 the lettBl, three tliiltiiigs, — if mil Pvc, i.tit
of «v pocki't "
** '(I'll all retiirneil homn in horrible ill-hiimrair; hut
oureeives with u cntnlid determination, taken in
a true spiiit of liberality, that though she should sing
even better than Agujari, we would not like her!
" .My father called upon the managers to know what all
this meant; and Mrs. Ihookcs then told him, that all^
that had been reported of the extraordinary wilfulness of
this spoilt child of talent and beauty, was cxei died by
her behaviour. She only sent lliein word that she was
out of voice, and could not sing, one hour befiire the
house must ho opened 1 They instanlly hurried to her
lo expostulate, or rather to supplicate, for they dare nei-
ther leproaeh nor command ; and to represent the utter
iinpossibilily of gelling up any other opera so late ; and
lo aeknowleilLi-e their terror, even for their property, from
Ihe fury of an English audience, if disappointed so blulHy
at the last inoinent.
To this she answered very coolly, but wilh smiles and
politeness, that if Ir mumir. expected her so eagerly, she
would dress herself, and lei the opera be pcrforiiied ;
only, when her songs eaiiie to their symphony, instead
of singing, she would make a courtesy, and point to
her tliroai.
'"You may imnginc, doctor,' said ^Irs. Brookes,
' wlu I her we could trn.st John Bull with so easy a lady !
and at the very instant his ears were opening to hear her
so vaunted perfornianec I'
" Well, my dear i\Ir. Crisp, now for Saturday, and
now for the real opera. We all went again. There was
a prodigious house; such a one, for fashion at least, as,
before ('liristmas, never yet was seen. For though every
body was afraid there would be a riot, and that tiabriclli
woiiM be furiously his.scd, from the spleen of the late
disappi)intinent, nobody could stay away ; for her whiniB
and eccentricities only heighten curiosity for beholding
hci person.
" The i)|H'ra was Metastasio's Didonc, and the part
for (iabrielli was new set by .Saeehini.
" In the first scene, Iiau7.7.ini and Sestini appeared
with la Signora Franecsea, the sister of (iabrielli. They
prepared ns foi' the approach of the blazing comet that
burst fnrtli in tlie second.
" Nothing could be inure noble than Iier entrance. It
seemed inslantaneonsly to Iriiiniphover her enemies, and
eonciucr her threatencrs. The stage was open to its
furthest limit.s, and .she was discerned at its most distant
point; and, for a minute or two, there damitlessly she
stood ; and then took a sweep, with a firm, but accele-
rating step; and a deep, liiiely Howing train, (ill she
reached the iirelieslra. There she stopi, amidst peals of
applause, thai seemed as if they would have shaken the
foundiilions of the Iheatre.
" What think you now of John Bull ?
" I had quite quivered for her, in expectation of cat-
callings and hissings; hut the inliepidity of her appear-
aiii e and approach quashed all his resentment into sur-
prised iidniiratiou.
"She is still very pretty, thought not still very young.
.She has smnll, intelligent, sparkling features ; and though
she is rather shurl, she is ehariniiigly proportioned, and
has a very engaging ligure. All her motions are ^jiace-
liil, her air is full of dignity, and her walk is iii.ij', siie.
" Tlioiigh the applause was so violent, she sM'i'itd to
lliiiik it so si.nply her due, that she deigned not (o honour
il w ilh the silghest mark of acknowledgement, but calm-
ly began lier song.
"John Bull, however, em liained, as I believe, by the
reported vagaries of her eliaraeter, and by the high de-
Mglit he expected from her talents, clapped mi, — clap,
clap, clap I — with such assiduous noise, that not a noli!
could be heard, nor n iialidii lie started that any note was
sung. I'liwilliiig, thin,
" To waste her sweetness on the clamnriius air,"
and perhaps growing a little gratified to find she could
" MHillie the Kavagi! breiisl,"' she einideseended lo make
an Italian courtesy, i e. a sliirlil. liiit diirnilied Ikiw.
" Honest Jiihii, nlin had llioiiglil she would not accept
his hiimaire, lint w ho, throngli llie most abrupt liirn from
lesenlmcnt to adiniriitioii, had resolved lo bear wilh all
her fri'aks, was so enelianted by this alVability, that clap-
ping he went on, till, I have little ilnulil, Ihe skin of his
ballered liiindH went oil, I'elermining logiiin anolher salil-
lalloi' whether she would nr not, as an anguht sign that
she was not ilispleaHcd with him fiir bein!: 8u smitten,
and so hnmble.
" .After this he Hufrcred the orchcBtra lo be heard.
" Gabrielli, however, was not llallered into spiiiling
hrr thittereiH. Probably she liked the H|Hiiliiig trnj well
111 make it over to fhem. lie thai ns it iiiny, she still
kept expectation on Uie ruck, liy giving us only recila-
1,,' ' a''*'';»2.-' !'■'•? ■^*.
■s-; ■■■
'• '1 1
I.''' .
• ..(
■.\'-i
366
MEMOIRS OF DR. RURNEY.
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tivc, till every other iHjrfornicr had tired our reluctant
attention.
" At lengtli, however, came the grand bravura, ' Sou
Rtjliiia, c sum) Amiinle.
" Here I must stop I — Ah, Mr. Crisp ! why would she
take word.s that had been .xuiig by Agujari ?
" Opinions are so dilFerent, you nmst come and judi;e
for yourself. I'niise and censure arc bandied backwards
and forwards, as if they were two shuttlecocks hetwei n
two battledores. The Son Rciximi was tlic only air of
consi'quencc that she even attenipte'd ; all else were but
bits ; pretty enough, but of no tbrec or character for
a great singer.
" How unfortunate that she shouhl take the words,
even though to other nmsic, that we had heard from
Agujari I — l)li I she is no Agujari I
" In short, and to como to the truth, she disappointed
us all egregiously.
" However, my dear father, who bej-ond any body
tempi rs his judgment with indulgence, pronounces her
a very ea|iilal singer.
" Itut she visibly took no pains to exert herself, and
np|«;ared so iniperlincnily easy, that I believe she thought
it condescension enough for us poor savage islanders to
sec her stand ujion the stage, and let us look at her. Yet
it must at least bo owned, that the tone of her voice,
though feeble, is remarkably sweet; that her action is
judicious and graceful, and that her style and manner of
singing are musterly."
" .Aly dear ^Ir. Crisp,
" I nnist positively tuMi to you again of the sweet
Baroness IX iden, though 1 am half al'raid to write you
any more details of our Duet Concerts, lest they should
tire your i)atienco as much as my lingers. Hut you will
bo pleased to hear that they are still li-lu-mode. W'f
have just had another at the reipiest of .AI. le Conitc de
fJuignes, the French ambassador, delivered by Lady
Edgeiiiiibe; who not only came again her lively self, but
brouglit her jocose and Inunorous lord; who seems as
fi[M)rtivc and as fond of a liimx as any tar who walks the
quarter-deck; ainl as cleverly gifted for m.iking, as he is
gaily dis])osed for enjoying one. They were both full of
good humour and spirits, and wc liked them amazingly.
They have not a grain of what you style the torjKjr of the
times.
" Lady Edgcumhe was so transported by IMuthcl, that
when her lord emitted a. cough, though it did not vent
till he had half stilled himself to cheek it, she called out,
'What do you do here, my lord, coughing.' We don't
want that accompaniment.' I wish you could have seen
how drolly he looked. I am sure hi was lull primed with
a ready repartee. But her lailysiiiji was so iiili'nily i]i
ecstasy, and he saw us all round so intently adii.'iring
her endiusiasm, that I vrrily believe he thought it would
not be safe to interrupt tiii' ))crformanre, even with tile
best witticism of his nierr\ iniaj;inali"ii.
"We had n'so, fir contrast, ihi' new tJroom of the
Stole, Lord .\sldinrnhani, with his k( y of gold dangling
from his [loeket. He is elegant and pleasing, though
silent and reserved: and just as serupniously high-brc<l,
as Lord l'Mgcund)e is frolicsomely facetious.
" Itut, my dear .Mr. Crisp, wc had again the hcwitehing
Danish andi.issadress, the llarnness l)i'iilri>,.inil her pulil
Imsbiinil, the b.uon. She is really one ot the most de-
lightful creatures in Ibis lew.r worlii, if she is not one of
tin- most deceitfid. We wetv Luore ( iiarmed with her
than ever. I wonder whetlur t)|iheliii « :is like her .' or,
rather, 1 have no doubt but she was just such another.
So inusie;d, tool The l>anisli Court was determineil t
bIiow u:i thai our great I'.nyll-li hani knew what he was
about, when he drew so attractive a Danish female. 'I'h
baron seems as j-'Usible of her merit as if he were another
Handet hinisi If — Ihough lliul is no man I ever yet s.iwl
She speaks English very prettily; as she can't help, 1
believe, doing wliulever she sets about. She said to my
fnlle r, ' How good vou wire, sir, to remember usi W
are lery much obliged indeed.' And then lo my sister,
' I liavi' heard ii<i mif-ie since I w ih here lastl'
" We hiiil ilso Lord Harrington, hrother lo my ftthcr's
good friend Dailies, and to the excellent llishop of Salis
bury. His lordship, as you know, is imirirsally reekoird
clever, willv, peni Iraliiig, iinilshreHil. Iliil he hears this
high ehiiriiiler nny where •;,l..er il>an In IiIh air and
look, which by no ans prononnn- hi. .ipein.rity of
their o« n accord. Donhtlrss, however, he has ' ih 'I
within wliieh passitli show;' for there is only one \oiii
ns to his tiilenis and iiieril.
" His honour, Mr. Hrinli ml, — bill I will not again run
over the names nf the <lu|ilicales from the preeeiling con
certs. 1 will finioli my list with Lord Sandwicli,
" And most welcome ho made himwlf to ns, in enter-
ing the drawing room, by giving intelligence that he had
just heard from the circumnavigators, that our dear James
was well.
" Lord Sandwich is a tall, stout man, and looks as fur-
rowed and weather-proof as any sailor in the navy; and,
like most of the old set of that brave tribe, he has good"
nature and joviality marked in every feature. I want to
know why he is called Jemmy Twitcher in the ncws-
paix-rs ? Do pray tell me that.
" But why do I prepare for closing my account, before
I mention him for whom it was opened ? namely, M. le
(Conitc dc Guigncs, the French ambassador.
" He was looked upon, when he first came over, as one
of the handsomest of men, as well as one of the most gal-
lant ; and his conquests amongst the fair dames of the
court were in proportion with those two circumstiuices.
I hope, therefore, now, — as I am no well-wisher to these
sort of conquerors, — that his defeats, in future, will
eomitcr-balaiiee his victories; for he is grown so tat, and
looks so sleek and supine, that 1 think the lender tribe
will henceforward be in complete safety, and may sing,
n full chorus, while viewing him,
" ' Sigh no more, ladies, sigh no more I'
" He was, however, very civil, and seemed well enter-
ained ; though he left an amusing laugh behind him from
the |K)iiiiiosily of his exit; for not finding, upon quitting
the music room, with an abrupt French leave, half a do-
zen of our lackeys wailing to anticipate his orders; half
a dozen of those gentlemen not being positively at hand :
ho indignantly and impatiently called out aloud: 'jt/rs
g(ris.' OK soul mes genx ? Que sunt-ila dune devemil J\hs
gens! Je dis! Hies nens!'
" Previously to this, the duet had gone off with its
usual eclat.
" liord Sandwich then expressed an earnest desire to
icar the baroness play: but she would not listen to him,
and seemed vexi d to be entreated, saying to my si.ster
Hettina, who joined his lordship in the soheitatiun, 'Oh
yes 1 it will Iw very pretty, indeed, after all this so fine
music, to see me play a little minuet!'
"liOrd Sandwich applied to my fither to aid his peti-
tion; but my lather, though he wished himself to hear
the baroness again, did not like to tease her, when he saw
icr moilesly of refusal was real; and consequently, that
overcoming it would be painful. I am sure I eonld not
have pressed her for the worlil ! But Iiord Sandwicli,
who, I sup]iose, is heart of oak, was not so scrupulous,
and hovered over her, and would not desist ; thoiigli turn-
ing her head away from him, and waving her hand to
(lislance him, she earnestly said: 'I beg — I beg, my
lord !— '
" Ijord Barrington then, who, we found, was an inli-
matc acipiaintancc nf the anibas.sador, attcnipled to
seize Ihi' waving hand; conjuring her to consent to let
him lead her to the instrument.
" lint she hastily drew in her hand, and exclaimed:
' Fie, tie, my lord Harrington ! — so ill natiired I — I should
not Ihink was you! Besides, you have heard me so
often.'
" ' !\lailnme la Barnnne,' replied lie, with vivacity, ' I
want you lo jilay precisely because Lord Sandwich h:is
net In arc! yon, and beenusc 1 have !'
" All, hciwever, was in vain, till the baron came Ibr-
ward, and said to her, * Ma cfirye — you had heller pliiy
soinething — anything — than give such a Irciiible.'
"She instant!; arose, saying with a little relnclanl
shrug, but aceonipanied by a very sweet smile, ' Now this
looks |usl as if I WHS like to be so much (iressed !'
"She then plavrd a slow niovemenl of Abel's, and n
miiuut of S« 1 ntiert's, most dclighlfiilly, and with so
niindi «oul and expression, that your Hettina could harcllv
h.i\e pl:iyeil iheiu heller.
"Siie is surely ill seended in a right lini' IVoiu Ophillii!
only, now I think of it, Opnella dies immarri. d. 'I'hat
is horribly imliieky. Iliil, oh Shakes|M'are ' all-know-
ing Sliakesprnre! how ciime you to piitiiii pist siii h
feimde bianly and swciiness and harmixiy in a Danish
eiiurl, us was lo be brought over to J.'uglaiid «o many
years after, in a D.misb iin>bn«««div«»f
MH.t. tiUKhlUAX.
liut liiiflietl, at this si'n«on, in the highest circles of
s. It ty, IVoiu (he triple I" «il(llinent of t ileiii«, hiMiuty,
and fashion, slooil tin liiir Ijinley Slitridan; who now
i;a\" eoiieerls at hrr own hiuise, to wlihli eiilrnnee was
sought not only by nil the votaries of lasli', and iidniirers
of imisieal c.vi oHeiiee, hut by all the leaders of (oil, and
Ihi ir numerous followers, or slaves; with an ardour liir
ndiniltiuicc Uiat was as eager I'or bclioldiuK as for linen
ing to this matchless warbler; so astonishingly jn con
cord were the charms of person, manners, and voice for I
the eye and for the car, of this resistless syren. '
To these concerts Dr. Burney was frcquenlly invilrci'
where he had the pleasure, while enjoying the 8pi,|( .f i
her conversation, the winning softness of her adilrp« I
and the attraction of her smiles, to return licr atlciilion' I
to him by the delicacy of accompaniment with whicli ||[ |
displayed her vocal perfection.
HISTORY OF Ml-SIC.
In the midst of this energetic life of profes.'iinnal f sir. L
tinn, family avocations, worldly prosperity and fnsliionaWc I
distinction. Dr. Burney lost not one moment tli.it lie cijiili||
purloin eillier from its pleasures or its toils, to dedicate Ui I
what had long become the principal objcctof hiscares— I
his musical work.
Music, as yet, whether considered as a science ortjl
n art, had been written ujion only in partial delBili. tol
elucidate particular points of theory or of pMctite; kil
no general plan, or history of its powers, incladiiig itjl
rise, progress, uses, and clianges, in all the known m.l
lions of the world, had ev"r been attempted : though, atl
the time Dr. Burney set out upon his tours, to |iroeurc orT
to enlarge materials for such a work, it singularlJ
chanced that there started up two fcllow-lalwurers in Ihif
same vineyard, one English, the other Italian, who wnj
working in their studies upon the same idea— naincl)',Slil
John Hawkins, and Padre Martini. A French musical
historian, also, M. dc La Borde, took in hand the siiniJ
subject, by a striking coincidence, nearly at the saniil
period.
Each of their labours has now been long before lliJ
public ; and each, as usual, has received the meed of |iifl
eniinence, according to the sympathy of its readers ml
the several views of the subject given by the several a*
tliors.
The impediments to all progressive expedition Ih
stood in the way of this nnilcrtaking with Dr. IlurinJ
were .so completely beyond his control, that, with liisii
most eft'orts and skill, it was not till the year 1776, wliicl
was six years after the publication of his plan, that lie km
bic to bring forth his History of Music.
And even then, it was the first volume only th.it 1
could publish; nor was it till six years latcrs followcdb
the second.
Greatly, however, to a mind like his, wns every cnJ
tion repaid by the honour of its reception. 'I'lie subscriJ
lion, by which he had been enabled to sustain itsnuniif
rolls expenses in bcxiks, travels, and engravings, liJ
hrilliantly been filled with the names of almost alilhl
were most eminent in literature, high in rank,crlebrttt
in the arts, or leading in the fashion of the day.
while the lovfrs of music received with eagerncFs oiril
account of that art in which they delighted; fcliouij
and men of letters in general, who hitherto had lliwigf
of music but as they thought of a tunc that iiiiglil I
played or sung from imitation, were astonished al f
depth of research, and almost universality of obscrvaiid
reading, and m<;ditation, which were now shown lo f
requisite for such an undertaking: while the maiiimi
ill wliieh, tlirouglioiit the wi rk, suili varied iiialirr «i
tlisplayed, was so uatu-al, so spirited, and so agnrati
llinl the History mI' .Music not only awakened ns|«ili
ailiiiinitioii for its eiuii|iosilioii ; it exciud alse, »ni|
iiiiated desire, in almost the wlwde body of its naiicR,!
make acquaintanee w itli its author.
The History of Music was Adicated, by [x-miisiJ
lo her majesty, tJiHen CharljIU ; and was rrnnidt
c ven peculiar graeiousiiess whni it was prise iitedi>ll|
drawing room, by the author. The queen liotli lovulil
uiiilrrsluod llie siihjcri t ; and had shown llie liheralj
emptioii of her tiiir miiiil from all petty niilwiiiililvj
llie frank :iiiprohation she had deigned lo \|.ri»i.cl[
doctor's lours; iiolwillislamliiig they so p;il|i;ilily '
played bis strong prelerenec of tlic Italian vocal iiiusit
that of the (<c'rmaii.
So dehfilili d was Doctor Burney by the cnndescondi
maiincT of the queen's aceeptanee of his niiisieal cilfnij
lliat he ill ver thenceforward failed paying liis ImiiMSr
liieh- inajislies, U|ioii the two birth-day aiiniversaiirt
llio.se augii..t and beloved sovereigns.
S'l IIKATII.VM.
Fair was this period in the life of Dr. Durnrjl
opened to him a new region of enjoyment, su|iiiortiil|
hciiiom>, anil exhilaratrd by pleasures siiprenaly l»J
la.sle ; honours lh.it were lilc rary, plcasiirin llial T
inldhi Imil. Fair was this perioil, though not yclnJ
risen to its neine : a Ihirer still wns now ndvaiicinfl
Ills highe-ft wieheii, by free and ft-equent iiitcrcourtc l
Lie man in the worl
lie looked up the nio
.And this intercom
canislaiices of such
iioBCfer Haltering, oi
,;iso ivelcomc tj
hia; sought for at
i;aloflhe muses.
]hs. Thrale, the
I Mansion, was then a
I nkjcli, for many yea
liinliiatsnaiiiiit.
Ihras prnfcssional
Jt(i.Slrcalhniii, by tlw
(Mcst diughter of ti
Jidacalion ^iist ailvanc
afCoin|ilislii.iciil-, wh
J ae chief ill '' inusie's
llcrin-'tracter in ham
S) ialeresliiig was
lofPr. lliiriiey, whiel
(rj:ioa of Dr. Johnso.
I ml nolion that Stre
I itWars, on a par wit
I.Mrs. .Montigii and J
luMndhim, on his n
leaicr caqiiiry whcthe
juiidlicr .Mrs. Tiirale i
Ipjafgyrisls.
Dr. Burney delightc
Itommiinieatiieas thej
Jiuilindec'd aupcared ;
IdI' Dr. Burney, had ci
Iwciriiig his mildest a>
Tivcnly-two years
Ikd o|xiiocl a correspi
Jbcni delightful, and i
Imnii and plfascd rem
Ifcnhal great ninn, of
limorc projiilious cin
]limry lo which ho ai-
Icciion; lor kind t
[ti.it lo Ihe breast of 1
I disinterested a vot
lisonii modest obseuri
mi JH-fere his stiqicm
Jlouj character, had rnia
W Ikt iiniiieiiee w:
•ir inl.i III,.
MEMOIRS OF DR. BlIRNEY.
367
jnisliinply in con.
icrs, ;in(l voice, for |
s syren.
Trtiucnlly invited;
oyiiifr the spirit of I
18 of her addrpss, I
■turn her atteiilinj I
cnt witli which ht I
D.
if professional nn-
rity and fashionable
onicnt llmt he CMiH L
toils, to dedicate l» I
lijecl of his cares,- 1
ns a science orM|
n imrlial details, tol
or of practice ; Ijril
jwera, including its!
nil the known na.l
enipled : though, atl
I tours, to iirocurc orl
work, it singulatl™
low -labourers in M
:r Italian, who vna
nc idea — namely, Sin
A French musical
k ill Imnd the EaniJ
nearly at the sami
)ccn long hcforc lliJ
ved the meed of f lel
y of its readers Killf
;n by the several ml
isivc expedition tliJ
iiig with Dr. Ituriuil
rol, that, with hisul
the year m6,«hicl
f his plan, that lie »if
usic.
volume only that 1
;ars latcrs followed I)
I liie man in the world to whose jroiius and worth unitud,
L. looked iipihe most reverentially — Dr. Johnson.
\iid this intercourse was brought forward through cir-
I Instances of such, infinite ngrecability, that no point,
koKCfcr flattering, of the suceess that led him to celebrity,
jiiso welcome tj^ his honest and lionourabic pride, us
ttia" sonidit lor at Strcatham, and his reception at that
s;alof tlie muses.
)\!i. Tlirale, the lively and enlivening lady of the
I nijnsio"! "'■'■'' ''"^" "' '''" '"^'S''' of the glowing renown
thicli. lor many years, held her in stationary sujwriority
on that summit.
Iiwns iirnl'cssioniilly that Dr. Durney was first invited
JtoSlrcalham, by the master of that fair ubodc. The
Itlilcst duisl'ti'f "f ''""■ I'ouse was in the progress of on
(diication 'list iidvancing in most departments of juvenile
Ijpcran'ilishi lent-, when the idea of having resource to
I iie eliiol" in '' nmsic's power divine," — Ur. Uurney, — as
I hir instructor in harmony, occurred to Mrs. Thralc.
(interesting was this new engagement to the family
I of Dr. Ihinicy, which luul been horn and br<Hl to a vcn-
|m!ion of Dr. Johnson; and which luul imbibed the gen-
leial notion that Strcalhani was a coterie of wits and
licliolars, on a par with the blue assemblages in town ol'
IMts. Montign and Mrs. Vcscy ; that they all flocked
lirnunJ him, on his return from his first e.xcursiun, with
|e4:crcn>]uiry whether Dr. Johnson had appeared; and
Inintlicr .Mrs.l'hrale merited the brilliant plaudita of her
lianfiryrists.
I Dr. Durney delighted with all that had passed, was as
Itomiiinnicative as they could be iiupiisitive. Dr. Johnson
llid indeed aDiKNirc! ; and from his previous knowledge
f Dr. Durney, had conic forward to hJm zealously, and
Iwirini; his mildest aspect.
Twenty-two years had now elapsed since first they
Ijiad opiiiod a eorrespondeneo, that to Dr. Uurney had
Ikin dilijrhlful, and of which Dr. Johnson retained a
turn ami plfascd remembrance. The early enthusiasm
Iklliat great man, of Dr. Uurney, could not havo hailed
limorc propitious circumstmee for promoting the in-
fimary to which he .ispired, than what Inmg on this re-
Ircliou; llir hind thoughts must insliiietively have
^tiifto llio breast of Dr. Johnson, towards so volmit'iry
i disinterested a votary ; who had broken forth from
lis own iriodcst obscurity to olfer homage to Dr. Johnson,
Ion? before his stu|>cndous dictionary, and more Btu|>en.
' Bcliaracter, had raised liim to his subsequent towering
Thr.nle, Dr. Burnoy had hehild as a slnr of the
istma(;niliide in the constelljtion of female wits; sur-
k'sine, rather than equalizing, the reputation which her
utranrdiuary en<lownu'nts, and the splendid fortune'
micli made them conspicuous, had blazoned abroad ;
jrliilc lior social and easy good humour allayed the alarm
pcitcdby the report of her spirit of satire; which, nev-
Ihfles'i, he owned she unsparingly darti'd aroinid her, in
s ol' wit and gaiety, and the happiest spontaneous
lpi;rani):,
I Mr. Tliralo, the doctor had found a man of sotmd sense,
lliirl-, good instruction, and good manners; with
M turn of mind, and nn unaffected taste for talented
My. Yit, though it was every wlier(^ known that
fn. Tlirale sportively, hut very decidedly, called and
cir.imed him her master, the doctor never perceived
(Mr. Tlirale any overhearing marital authority; and
m fmarkiMJ, that while, from a temper of mingled
ftfiiii'ss and eirilessness, his wife never nlfercd him
sing opinion, he was too wise to be rallied, by a
tvuc nirkiiiinie, out of the rights by which ho kept
lexoess of vivacity in order. Coni|K)sedly, therefoie,
l(»as content with the appellation; though from hi:
Tiilv cli.iraeter, joined to his real ndmiration of her sii
Nnarts, he divested it i>f its commonly understood
"wtition nt' tyranny, to convert it to a mere mm] '
urn.
iB'tDr. Uurney soon saw that he had hut little elianee
Iiiim^r liH young pupil i„ nny very r:ipid iiiiproviMiieiit.
RTiiralo, who liad no passion but for conversation, in
W lier emineiiee was justly her pride, eoiitiniiall
pr into the h'sson to diKMiss the news of the limes
Pi", at tli:it period, hearimr the e.omph'le sway over
n'»iiiiiiil<. Hut she inte mingled what she ivliiled,
I'lialshi' heard, wilh s.ilhes so gay, so unexpeeteil, so
"rally erudite, or so vivaciously eiitertaiiuiig,lhnt the
iw ami the pupil were iiliko drawn awm from their
fJif<,loan enjoyment of a less laborious, if not of a
' I'f'ililalile (le'«('ri|ilion.
IlI'MMson, who hid m) ear for musie,had neetisloined
^A. like many other gr.ial writers who hnve had that
paiiJirec|uenlly sole, dclicioiioy, to Hpcuk slightingly
both of the art and of its profes.sors. And it was not till
.irter he had become intimately acquainted with Dr.
Uuiiiey and his various merits, that he ceased to join in
a jargon so unworthy of his liberal judgment, as that of
excluding musicians and their art from celebrity.
The first symptom that he showed of a tendency to
conversion upon this subject, was ujion hearing the fol-
lowing ]iaragruph read, accidentally, aloud by Mrs.
Tlirale, from the |)reface to the History of Music, while
it was yet in inaniiscript.
" The love of lengthened tones and modulated sounds,
seems a passion implanted in human nature throughout
the globe ; as we hear of no jieople, however wild and
savage in other particulars, who have not music of some
kind or other, with which they seem greatly delighted."
"Sir," cried Dr. Johnson, after a little pause, "this as-
sertion 1 believe may be right." And then, sec-sawing a
minute or two on his chair, he forcibly added : " All ani-
mated nature loves music — except myself!''
Some time later, when Dr. Uurney perceived that he
was generiilly gaining ground in the house, he said to
.Mrs. Thrale, v.lio had civilly been listening to some fa-
vourite air that he had beer, playing: " I have yet hopes
madam, with the assistance of my pupil, to sec your's
become a musical family. Nay, 1 even hope, sir," turn-
ing to Dr. Johnson, " I shall some lime or other make
you, also, sensible of the power of my art."
" Sir," answered the doctor, smiling, " I shall be very
glad to have a new sense put into me !"'
The Tour to the Hebrides Iwing then in hand. Dr.
Burney inr|uired of what size and form tho hook would
be. " Sir," he replied, with a little bow, " you arc my
mode! !"
Impelled by the same kindness, when the doctor la-
mented the disapiHiintment of the public in Huwkcs-
worth's Voyiges, — " >Sir," he cried, "the public is
always disappointed in books of travels; — e.xcept yours !''
And afterwards, he said that he had hardly ever read
any book (piite through in his life ; but udded ; " Clm-
mier anl I, sir, however, read all your travels through;
— except, perhaps, the description of the great pipes in
the organs of (iermany and tiie Xetherlands 1 "
Mr. 'J'hrale had lattly titled up n rational, readable,
well-chosen library. It were supcrlluoiis to say that he
had neiilicr authors for show nor bindings lor vanity,
when it is known, that while it was tbrming, he placed
merely one hundred ]>ounds in Dr. Johnson's hands for
its completion ; though such was his liberality, and such
his opinion of the wisiloin as well es knowledge of Dr.
Johnson in literary matters, that he v\ luld not for a mo-
ment havi! hesitated to subscribe to the highest estimate
that the doctor might have proposed.
One hundred pounds, aacording to the expensive ha-
bits of the present day,of decorating books like courtiers
and coxconihs, rather than like students and philosophers,
would scarcely luirehase a single row for a book-case of
the row of Air. Thrale's at Slreatliam; though, under
such guidance as that of Dr. Johnson, to whom all finery
seemed foppery, and all foppery futility, that sum, added
to the hooks naturally inherited, or already collected, am-
ply sulliccd for the unsophisticated reader, where no pe-
culiar pursuit, or unlimited spirit of research, dcaiancled
a collection for roH.rtucc rather than for instruction and
enjoyment.
This was no sooner aeeomplislied, than Mr. Thrale
resolved to suniiouiit tlieso tnasures for the mind by a
similar regale for the eyes, in selecting the persons he
most loved to eonleinplati', from amongst his friends and
favourites, to preside over tho literature that stood high,
est in his estimation.
And, that his portrait painter might go hand in hand
in judgnient with his collector of books, he fixed u|Km
the matchless Sir Joshua Reynolds to add living excel-
lence to (lead perficlion, by giving him the personal re-
seinhhince of the lidlowiiig ehetcd set; every one of
which oeeasioually made a p.irt of the brilliant society of
Streatliam.
Mrs. Thrale and her eldest daughter were in one piece,
over the tire place, at I'lill l< ngth.
The rist of the pi< lures \vi re all three-quarters.
.Mr. Thrale was over the door li iding to his study
The giiu r.il eolh I linn then began by Lord Sandys nnd
(lord \\ e<ti ote, two early noble friends of Mr. Tliral
Then lljllowed.
Dr. Johnson, ,'Mr. nurke, Dr. (Goldsmith, Mr. Murphv,
Mr. (Jarriek, iMr. Ilareld, Sir ijobert ChainberH, anil Sir
Joshua IJeynolds himsi It'.
All painted in the highest stylo of the great master,
who much delighted in this his Streatliam gallery.
'I'lieie was phice left but for one more friine, when the
acquaiutuucQ of Ur. Burney began at Siroatlmm ; and
the charm of his conver.sntion and manners, joined to liia
celebrity in letters, so quickly won u|)on the master as well
as the mistress of the mansioii, that he was presently se.
lected for the hcmour of filling up this last chasm in tho
chain of Streatliam worthies. To this flattering distinction,
which Dr. Burney always recognised with pleasure, tho
public owe the engraving of Bartolozzi, which is jircfixed
to the History of jMusic.
DR. JOHNSON.
The friendship and kindness of heart of Dr. Johnson,
were promptly brought into play by this renewed iiiter-
cour.se. Kicharil, the youngest son of Dr. Burney, born
of the second marriage, was then jircparing lor Winches-
tor School, whither his father purposed conveying him
in person. This design was no sooner known at Streat-
bnm, vvliore Richard, at th.at time a beautiful as well as
clever boy, was in great favour with Mrs. Thrale, than
Dr. Johnson volunteered an otVer to accompany the father
to Winchester; that he might himself present the son to
Dr. Warton, the then celebrated master of that ancient
receptacle for the study of youth.
Dr. Burney, enchanted by such a mark of regard,
gratefully accepted the jirojiosal ; and they set out together
for Winchester, where Dr. Warton c.\|)ected them with
ardent hospitality. The acipiainlance of Dr. Burney
he had already sought with literary liberality, having
kindly given him notice, through the medium of Mr.
Garrick, of a manuscript treatise on music in the Win-
chester collection. There was, consequently, already an
opening to pleasure in th ir meeting : but the master's
reception of Dr. Johnson, ."rom the high-wrought sense
of the honour of such a visit, was rather rapturous than
glad. Dr. Warton was always called an enthusiast by
Dr. Johnson, who, at times, when in gay spirits, and with
tho.se with whom he trusted their ebullition, would take
off Dr. Warton with the strongest humour : describing,
almost convulsively, the ecstasy with which he would seize
upon the person nearest to him, to hug in his arms, lest his
grasp should be eluded, while do displayed some picture,
or some prospect; and indicated, in the midst of contor-
tions and gestures that violently and ludicrously shook,
if they did not aft'right his captive, the particular point
of view, or of design, that he wished should be noticed.
This Winchester visit, besides the permanent impres-
sion made by its benevolence, considerably quickened tho
march of intimacy of Dr. Burney with the great Icxico-
grapher, by the tele d Itte journey to and from Winches,
ter ; in which there was not only the ease of companion-
ability, to dissipate tho modest awe of iiitellectal super-
eminence, but al.so the certitude of not being obtrusive;
since, thus coupled in a post-chaise. Dr. Johnson had no
choice of occupation, nnd no one else to whom to turn.
Far, however, from Dr. Johnson, upon this occasion,
was any desire of change, or any requisition for variety.
The spirit of Dr. Burney, with his liveliness of comniu-
nicalion, drew out the mighty stores \\hich Dr. Johnson
had amassed upon nearly every subject, with an amenity
that brought forth his genius in its very essence, cleared
from all turbid dregs of heated irritability ; nnd Dr. Bur-
ney never looked back to this Winchester lour but with
reeollecled jileasurc.
NiM' was this the sole exertion in favour of Dr. Burney,
of this admirable friend. He wrote various letters to his
own former associates, and to his newer connections at
Oxford, recommending to them to facilitate, with their
best power, the researches of the musical historian. And,
some time afterwards, he again took a scat in the chaise
of Dr Burney, and accompanied him in person lo that
university ; when every head of college, professor, and
even general member, vied one wilh another in coupling,
in every mark of civility, their rising approbation of Dr.
Burney, with their established reverence for Dr. Johnson.
Alost willingly, indeed, would this great and excellent
man have made, had he seen occasion, far superior cfTorta
in liivour of Dr. Burney; nn excursion almost nny where
being, ill fael, so ngreiahlc to his taste, as to be always
rather a pleasure lo him than a fatigue.
His vast abilities, in truth, were too copious for tho
small scenes, objects, and interests of the little world in
wlii< h he lived ;« and rre(piently must he hnve felt both
curbed iiiid damped by the utter insufliciency of such
minor scenes, objects, and interests, to occupy [Miwers
such as his of eoneeption and investigation. To avow
this he wos far too wise, lest it should seem a scorn of
his fiHow creatures ; and, indeed, from his internal liu.
>'■■' n^ -.'i -'^' ■' *. ♦«;
■J' f'(>-< H'frlw''-'?'*
■ ■ TV. i?t >T' 'l-.'tiJ!
i s* -i-p ■3,;f;>,t.'-:V
■ivl*^
^^
• This has reference wholly to Rolt-court, whore ho
eonslantly retained his home : nl Streatliam, continually
us lie tlicrc rctiidud, it was always us a puest :
i Ml^-i-i
368
MEMOIRS OF I)«. BUUNEY.
r [ ' ^ . 't
W¥,
mility, it is possible tli.it lie was not liiinself iiware oC
the {Treat eliiism tijnl separated liiiii from the lierd ol
tiiaiiliiiid, when not hi Id to it hy tlic ties of heiievoleiiee
or of neci'ssity.
To talk of liiiinilily an<l Dr. Johnson to!,''clher, may,
perhaps, inaK' the tew wiio rememher him smiir, and
tlic many wlm have only lu'arii ol' iiim stare. iJut liis
humility was not that of tliinkinfr niore lowlily oi' him-
self than of others ; it was siinply tli;it of thinkin;; su
lowlily of others, as to hold his oivn cooseions superior-
ity of hut small seale in the halanee of intrinsie excel-
lence.
Aller these excursions, (ho intercourse nf Dr. Dun.ey
with Streatham hecaine so friendly, that .Mrs. 'I'hrale
desired to niiike acqnaintauce with the doctcjr's family,
and Or. Johnston, at the same time, reipiesti'd toex^imiiie
the doctor's hooks ; while lioth wished to see the hou.se
of Sir Isaac .\ewton.
An account of this hc^iiunlnir connection with J^t.
Martin's street was drawn up hy tiie present cilitor, al
the earnest desire of the revered C'liesirifrlon t'amiiy
friend, Mr. Crisp; whom she had just, and most reluc-
tantly, ([uitted a day or two before this first visit from
Streatham took place.
This little narration she now consigns to those me-
moirs, as naturally helon;;in{r to the progress of the
friendship of Dr. Burury with Dr. Johnson ; and not
without hope that this jfcnuine detail of the tirst ap-
pearance of Dr. Johnson in St. ."Martin's-strcet, may af-
ford to the reader some share of the entertainment
which it afforded to the then young writer.
TO S.\.MUEL CRlSr, ESa., CIIESI.NGTO.V, NEAR KINGSTON, SUIIREV.
" My dearest Mr. Crisp, — My father seemed well
pleased at my returning to my time ; so that is no small
consolation and pleasure to me for the pain of quitting
you. So now to cur Thursday morning, and Dr. John-
son ; according to my pronii.se.
" \Vc were all — by we, I mean Suzctte, Charlotte,
and I, — for iny mother had seen him before, as had my
sister Biirney ; but we three were all in a twitter, from
violent expectation and curiosity for the sight of lliis
monarch of books and authors.
" Mrs. and .Miss Thrale, Miss Owen, and Mr. Se-
ward, came long befjre liCxiphanes. Mrs. 'J'hrale is a
pretty woman still, though she has some defect in the
niouih that looks like a cut, or scar ; but her nose is
very handsome, her complexion vcy fair; she has the
embonpuiut clmnnnnl, and her eyes are blue and hi.strous.
She is extremely lively and chatty; and sliowed none of
the supercilious or pedantic airs, so I'reely, or, ratJvr, so
Kcoflingly attributed, hy you envious lords of the rrea-
tion, to women of 'earning or celebrity ; on the con-
trary, she is t'ull of sport, remarkably gay, and exces-
sively agreeable. I liked her in every thing except her
"i'<r!inec into the room, which was rather tiorid and tloii-
:■- who should say, ' It 's I ! — Xo less a person
riiralc 1' Ilow'ever, all tliat ostenti.tion wore
>urse of the visit, which lasted the whole
1 id you could not have helped liking her, she
iiterljiining — though not simple enough, I
I,'. , tor quite winning your heart.
" 'tli.ss Thrale seems just verging on her teens. She
is certainly handsonie,' and her beauty is of a iieculiir
sort; fair, round, firm, and cherubimieal ; with its eliief
charm exactly where lies the mother's f.iilure — namely,
in the mouth. She is reckoned cold and proud ; but I
iK'lieve her to be merely s!iy and reserved ; you, how-
ever, woulil have liked her, and ealU d her a girl of I'ash-
ion ; for she was very silent, but very observant ; and
never looked tired, though she never uttered a sylliible.
" Mi.ss Owen, who is a relation of .Mrs. Thrale, is
good-huuioured and seiisibl(\ enough. She is a sort of
bull, and as such is a general I'lvourite; though she is a
willing, and not a iiii'an butt ; for she is a woimm of fii-
mily and fortune. Hut those sort of characters are pro-
digiously popular, from their li.cility of giving liberty of
s[«'ech to the wit and pleasantry of others, without risk-
ing for themselves any return of the ' retort courteous.'
" Air. Seward, who seems to be (piite at home among
them, aptiears to be a penetrating, polite, and agreeabh'
young man. Mrs. Thrale says of him, that he docs good
to every body, but speaks well of nobody.
" The conversation was supported with a great deal
of vivacity, as usual when II Signora I'lidrone is at home;
but I can write you none of if, as I was still in the
.same twitter, twiltrr, twitter, I have aeknowl ilged, to
see Dr. Johnson. Nothing could have heightcMU'd my
inipatience — unless Pope could have been brought to lile
again — or, iKrhaps, Shakespcnrc I
" This confab, was broken up by a duct between your
llettina and, for the liist time to eoiiipany listeners, Su-
zctte; who, however, escaped much li^ight, for she soon
li)imd she had no musical critics to encounter in Sirs.
Thrale and Mr. Seward, or .Miss Owen ; who know not a
llat from a sliiirp, nor a eroteln t from a (piaver. I'ut
every knowledge is not given to every body — exee|it to
two gentle wights of my aci|naiii(an( e ; the one com-
monly hight il Tadre, and the other il Dadda. Do you
know any such sort of people, sir >
" \\ ell, ill the midst of this performance, and before
the second movement was come to a close, — Dr. John-
son v.iis amiouiieed 1
" -Now, my dear .Mr. Crisp, if you like a description of
emotions and sen.salions — but I know you treat tiiem all
as burlesipie — so let's iuoeeetl.
" Every body rose to do him honour ; and he returned
the attention with the most liirmal courtesy. My liitlier
then, having weleoiiKd him with the warmest respect,
whispered to him that music was going forward; which
'»■ would not, my liither thinks, have louiid out; and
placing liiiii oil the best seiit vacant, told his daughters
to go on with the duet; while Dr. Johnson, intently
rolling towards them one eye — for they say he does not
see \ulli the other — made a grave nod, and gave a dig-
nilleii motion in one liand, with silent approvance of tlie
proceeding.
" lint now, my dear Mr. ('risp, I am mortified to own,
what you, who always smile at my enthusiasm, wilHiear
without earing a straw for — that he is, indeed, very ill-
I'avoured ! Yet he has naturally a noble figure; tall,
stout, grand, and authoritative : but lie stoops horribly ;
his back is quite round : his mouth is continually open-
ing and shutting, as if he were chewing something ; he
has a singular method of twilling his fingers, and twist-
ing his hands : his vast body is in constant agitation,
see-sawing backwards and forwards : his feet are never a
moment quiet ; and his whole great person looked often
as if it were going to roll itselt', quite voluntarily, from
his chair to tiie fioor.
" Since such is his appearance to a person so preju-
diced in his favour as I am, how must I more than ever
reverence his abilities, when I tell you that, upon asking
my father wiiy he had not prepared us for such uncouth,
untoward strangenes.s, he laugiied heartily, and said he
had entirely forgotten that the same impression had
been, at first, made upon himself; but had been lost
even on the second interview
" How I long to see him again, to lose it, tool — for,
knowing the value of what would come out when he
.^poke, he ceased to observe the delects that were out
while he was silent.
" But y II always charge me to write without reserve
or rcserveiiion, and so I obey as usual. Else, I should be
ashamed to acknowledge having renmrkcd such exterior
biemislici in so exalted a character.
" His dress, considering the times, and that he had
meant to put on all his lust livcoiiics, for he was engaged
to dine with a very fine parly at Mrs. iMontagu'.s, was as
much out of the common road as his figure. He had a
large, full, bushy wig, a snutV-eolour coat, with gold but-
tons, (or, iieradventure, bras.s,) hut no rufiles to his
doughty hsts ; and not, I suppose, to be taken for a blue,
though going to the Blue Queen, he had on very coarse
black worsted stockings.
" He is shockingly near-sighted ; a thousand times
more so than eitlar my I'.idre or myself. lie did not
even know iMrs. Thrale, till she held out her hand to
him ; which she did very engagingly. .After the first
few minutes, he drew his chair close to the piano-forte,
and then bent down his nose quite over the keys, to exa-
mine thciii, and the four hands at work upon them ; fill
poor Hetty and Su.<an hardly knew how to ]ilay on, for
fear of touching his phiz ; or, which was harder still,
how to keel) their countenances; and the less, as Mr.
Seuard, who seems to he very droll and shrewd, and was
much diverted, ogled them slyly, with a provoking ex-
pression of arch enjoyment of their apprihensions.
"When the <liict was finished, my fiither iutrodueed
your llettina to him, as an old acipiaintance, to whom,
when she was a little girl, he had presented his Idle".
" His answer to this was imprinting on her pretty face
— not a half touch of a courtly salute — but a good, reu^
subsliintial, and very loud kiss.
" Kvery body was obligeil to stroke their cliins, that
they might hide their mouths.
" lieyond this chaste embrace, his attention was not to
lie drawn IV two minutes longer from the books, to which
he now siri. ed his way ; for we had lell the drawing-
room for till library, on account of the piano-forte. He
pored over ; loin, shelf by shelf, almost brushing them
willi his eye-lashes from near cxuniiiiatioii. * ' i- 1, rt.v-
ing 'ipon soiiH 'nng
took it (town, ..iid
that happened to hit his fimcy ij
standing aloof from the coni|ia'm
which he seemed clean and clear to forget, he licira]'
without further cc-cmony, and very coniposedlv, to rtjil
to liinisi If; and as intently as if he had been uloiic inliij
own study.
" We were all excessively provoked : for we wore Lm
guishing, fretting, expiring to hear him talk— not lo aj
him read 1 — what could that do f'or us ?
".My sister then pkiyid another duct, accompanied h,
my liither, to which Miss Thrale seemed very ;itteiiiin'-
and all the rest quietly resigned. But Dr. JolinsonhJ
opened a volume of the British Encyelopediu, niiii was mi
deeply eii;;::'gid, that tlic music, probably, never reailicj
his ear.-.
" When il i-. ,;s over, Mrs. Thrale in a laiigliinj; n,an. i
ner, s,/id : ' Praj", Dr. Burney, will you be so ;r,i(i(l ^^ |„
till me what that song was, and whose, wliiuli Si^i
sung last night at Bach's concert, and which you didna I
hear .'' I
"My liither confessed himself by no means so alile n '
diviner, not having had time to consult the stars, tlunijii
be lived in the house of Sir Isaac Newton. But an.vious
to draw Dr. Johnson into conversation, he ventured to I
interrupt him with Mrs. Thrale's conjuring request rela. I
five to Bach's concert. I
" 'I'lie doctor, comprehending liis drift, good-nalurfdly
put away his book, and, soe-sawing, with a very humor. I
ous smile, drolly repeated, ' Bach, sir? — linch's concert!!
— And pray, sir, who is Bach ? — Is he a piper ?'
" You may imagine what exclamations followed suclil
a question.
" Mrs. Thrale g.ave a detailed account of the nature .ifl
the concert, and the fame of Mr. Bach ; and the manyl
charming performances she had heard, with all their \
rictics, in his rooms.
" When there was a pause, ' Pray, madam,' said lip,|
with the calnicstgravity, ' what is the expense for all tliis!'|
"'O,' answered she, 'the expense is — imicli trouMel
and solicitation to obtain a subscriber's ticket — or clsc,|
half-a-guinea.'
"'Trouble and solicitation,' ho replied, 'I willhavel
nothing to do with 1 — but, if it be so fine, — I would bef
willing to give,' — he iicsitated, and then finished willi-
' eighteen pence.'
" Ha 1 lia ! — C'hocolatc being then brought, we roluniJ
cd to the drawing-room ; and Dr. Johnson, when ilrauj
away from the books, freely, and with social good ImmuurJ
gav ; himself up to conversation.
"The intended dinner of Mrs. Montagu lieinjj menl
tiored. Dr. Johnson laughingly told us that he had M
ceived the most ftattering note that he had ever read, »i
that any body else had ever read, of invitation from lliij
lady.
"'So have I, too,' cried Mrs. Thrale. 'So, ifanolJ
from Mrs. Montagu is to be boasted of, I beg miiieraai
not be forgotten.' I
" ' Your note, madam,' cried Dr. Johnson, sniilinf, 'ciJ
hear no comparison with mine; for I am lit the heads
all the philosophers — she says.'
" '.\nd I,' returned iMrs. Thrale, 'havcull the muses
my train.'
"'A fiiir battle!' cried my father; 'coinel compIimeiJ
for compliment ; and see who will hold out h ngost.'
" 'I am afraid for Mrs. Thrale,' said Mr. Seward ;'fi|
I know that Mrs. Montagu exerts all her forces, wli
she sings the praises of Dr. Johnson.'
" 'O yes 1' cried Mrs. Thrale, ' she has often praisej
him till he has been ready to faint.'
"'Well,' said my father, 'you two ladies must get hiJ
tiiirly between you to-day, and see which can layoullj
paint the thickest, Mrs. Alontagu or .Mrs. Thrale.'
" 'I had rallier,' said the doctor, very coiiiposidh,'
to Bach's concert 1'
" Ha I ha ! \\ hat a eonipliment to all three 1
" After this, they talked of Mr. Garrick, and liis li|
exhibition before the king ; to whom, and to the qcfc
and royal tiimily, he has been reading Iictlie in clian|
ter ; c'fS/ ,) din; in ditlercnt voices, and theatrically.
" Air. Seward gave an amusing account of a hm
which Mr. (Jarrick had written hy way of |irolopniMl
introduction, upon this occasion. In this he snys, thsll
blackbird, grown old and feeble, droops his wiiifs, 4|
iVe., and gives up singing ; but, upon being railed ii|KJ
by the eagle, his voice recovers its powers, his spirit!
viv<', and lie sets ngc at defiance, and sings better tli«
ever. J
" ' There is not,' said Dr. .Tohnson, again lirpimiiml
ser-siiw, 'much of the spirit of fabulosity in lliislabil
for the call of an eagle never yet had much tendencyr
restore tlie warbling of a blackbird! 'Tis true, lln' iM
Tlieaeee.ss:nnoftlion
Herie, was nearly as d
iilroiihl 111' to its new
ifSfily ill seeking the i
M.ir,aiiil relumed fhi
inolious, by eviTy oppn
III his ehroiiological d
Ml', Dr. Uiirney iias ii
'Mreatliam coiinectioi
wA^^^M^u o:
m^ ©i3s®wm^^iK(a ma^B^iiiB^
<»
lit liis liincy, lit
in tlie coiii|iaii\,
Ibrm't, liu liigai,^
mpustilly, to trail
been alone in |,is
for \vc were Ian.
II talk — not to sic
I, aeeompiinicd liv
leil very iilleulin'; j
Dr. Ji.linsoii had
iipedia, and was sn i
bly, never reailnd
1 a laii(;lnn{; n,oii.
in lie Ml iriiiiil as III 1
liose, wliieli Sanri I
wliieli you did na |
o means so nlile a 1
It tlic stars, tlioii|;ii I
vton. Hut arisiom I
m, he ventured to I
juriiig request rula.
Irift, f,'ood-naturcdly I
with a very humor. |
•? — Hach's concert'
ic a piper ?'
itions t'oUowcd such I
lunt of the nature ofl
lach ; and the many I
rd, with all tlicitvi.]
f, madam,' said lif,|
expense tor all lliis^
le is — niueli IroiiUel
jcr's ticket — or ckc.f
replied, 'I will have
so fine, — I would bel
then finished with-
n bronglit, we roturcJ
olinson, when (IrasnT
li social good humourl
Montagu being meni
us that he had r'f
he had ever read, ol
f invitation from lliu
lirale. ' So, if a noil
of, I beg mine inaJ
[ohnson, sniilinp, 'caJ
I am at the head of
'liavcuUthc muses iJ
|; ' come 1 complimui|
lid out li.njiest.'
laid Mr. Seward;'f«l
all her iiirccs, w li J
1.' ,1
Ishc has often praisej
lo ladies must fclliil
Iwhieh ean lay on til
■ Mrs. Thrale.'
■very composidly,'^
ko all three
flarriek, and his li|
In, and to 'he ifdi
lling I.etlie in chanl
I and theatrically. J
account of a f'lt
I way of prolopiif.t
In this he says, thill
loops his wiii|:»i *|
In being called ii|)<
liowers, his spritsr
|and sings belter t«l
, again '«'P,'""irfJ
hulosity in t' ''
lid nuieh teiidencyl
"I'is true, lilt' I'l
VOL. !•
PHILADELPHIA, JUNE 2.-., 18.13.
NO. 21.
I'k[nti£D and PeoLisMitD nv ADAM \VAM>IE, No. G, North Eiqiitii Strkkt, Fuii.adkli'hia — At $j fur Uti ninnliers, pnyalile in ailvuftee.
Ij, y ffequently make the wolves converse with the lambs ;
bul then, when the conversation is over, the lambs arc
always devoured! And, in that maniK^r, the eagle, to Ik-
sate may entertain the blackbird — but the cnturtainiiient
jlKa'vB ends in a feast for the eagle.'
"'They say,' cried Mrs. Thrale, 'that Garrick was
edrcnicly Imrt by the coldness of the king's applause ;
and that ho did not find his reception such as he had
" ' He has been so long accnstoincd,' said Mr. Seward,
Mollic thundering acclamation of a theatre, that mere
calm approbation must necessarily l)c insipid, nay, dis-
HiinliiiJ to hiui.'
"'Sir,' said Dr. Johnson, ' he has no right, m a royal
anartnieiil, to exjicct the hallooing and clanioHr of tlie
onc-sliilliiig gallery. The king, I doubt not, gave him
I) nnicli applause us was rationally his due. And, in-
deed, great and Hn.:onmion as is the merit of Mr. Gar-
firk, no man will bo bold enough to assert that he has
nnl had liis just pro|)orlion lioth of fame and profit. He
ha* Inng reigned the uneeiualled favourite of the public ;
infllherct'ore nobody, wc may venture to say, will mourn
bin hard lot, if llic king and the royal family were not
transported into rapture upon hearing him read Lethe !
But vet, Mr. Garrick will comiilain to his friends; and
his friends will lament the king's want of feeling and
lasic. Hut then — Mr. (iarrick v\ill kindly excuse the
kinj. He will say that his majesty — might, iierhnps, Ix'
lliiiiiiiiig of something else ! — 'I'hat tlic affairs of America
niii'lil, |iossibly, occur to him — or some other subject of
stale, more important — perhaps — than I/cthc. But though
hf »ill candidly say this himself, — he will not easily for-
[ivo his friends if they do not contradict him I'
"But now, that I have written you t!iis satire of our
immortal Koscius, it is but ju.st, both to Mr. Garrick and
to Dr. Johnson, that I should write to you what was said
illcrwr.rds, when, with ciiual humour and candour, Mr.
Cirrick's general character was discriminated by Dr.
Johnson.
"'(ijrriek,' he said, 'is accused of vanity; but few
imn would have borne such unremitting prosperity with
greater, if with equal, moderation. Hi! is accused, too,
ofaiariee, though he lives rather like a prince than an
iclor. Hut the frugality he practised when he first ap-
peared in the world, has put a stamp Ujmn his character
(ter since. And now, though his table, his equipage,
tad his establishment, are equal to those of jiersons of the
most splendid rank, the original stain of avarice still blots
Ihisnamcl And yet, had not his early, and jierhajis ne-
Kssarv economy, fixed upon him the charge of thrift, he
would long since have been reproached with that of
|li«nry.'
"Another time he said of him, 'Garrick never enters
I room, hut he regards himself as the object of general
illenlion, from whom the entertainment of the company
lis espocled. And true it is, that he siddom disap|)oints
lat eS|)('ctation : for he has infinite humour, a very just
lojKirlion of wit, and more convivial pleasantry than
Ininst any man living. Ilut then, off as well as on the
ice— he is always an actor! for he holds it so incum-
ritujion him to lie 8(H)rtive, that his gaiety, from being
ibilual, is Ihcouic mcclianieal : and he can exert his
ipirilsat all times alike, without any consultation of his
' iposition to hilarity.'
" I can reeollect nothing more, my dear Mr. Crisp. So
bef your benediction, and bid you adieu."
f » • » » •
I Tlie accession oft ho musical hi.storian to the Strcatham
Merie, was nearly as desirable to Dr, Johnson himself,
»il could lie to its new nieniber; and, with reciprocated
livarily in seeking the society of iMcli other, they went
jhill.iT, and returned thence to their homes, in (Wc a tclv
iBclinns, by every opportunity.
I InhisclircMiojogical deiggrel list of his friends and his
als, l)r, Uurney has inserted the following lines ujion
leSlrtatliiim eonnection.
"177G.
J^Tliis year I acquaintance l)rgan with the Tliralcs,
lierelinet with great talents 'inongst femnh's and males :
wl the lust thing that happcn'd from that time In this,
fas the frei'iliiiii it gave ine to sound the abyss,
llniyeasc ami my leisure,of Jidinson's great mind,
rlierenciv treasures unnumbcr'U I constantly find.
Huge IJriarcus's hands, if old bards have not blunder'd.
Amounted in all to the sum of one hundred;
And Johnson, — so wide his intelligence spreads,
lias the brains of— at least — the same number of heads."
I)R. JOHNSON AND THE CJRKVILLES.
A few months after the Streathamite morning visit to
St. Martin's street that has been narrated, an evening
party was arranged by Dr. Rurney, for bringing thither
again Dr. Jolmsim and Mrs. Thrale, at the desire of Mr.
and Mrs. tJrevillo and Mrs. Crewe; who wished, under
the quiet roof of Dr. Durney, to make ac(|uaintance with
those celebfated personages.
This meeting, though more fully furnished with ma-
terials, produced not the same spirit or interest as its pre-
deeessor ; and it owed, unfortunately, its miscarriage to
the an.xious cft'orts of Dr. Uurney for heightening its
success.
To take ofl', as he hoped, what might lie stiflf or formida-
ble in an appointed encounter between persons of such
highly famed conversational powers, who, absolute stran-
gers to one another, must emulously, on each side, wish to
shine wi' urior lustre, he determined
T .0 sweet discourse with music sweet;
and to ,11, as well as soften the energy of intellectual
debate, by the science and the sweetness of instrumental
harmony. Hut the lovers of music, and the adepts in
conversation, are rarely in true unison. Exceptions only
form, not mar a rule ; as witness Messieurs Crisp, Twin-
ing, and Bewlcy, who were ciiually eminent for musical
and for mental melody: but, in general, the discourse,
votaries think time thrown away, or misapplied, that is
not devoted exclusively to the powers of reason ; while the
votaries of harmony deem pleasure and taste discarded,
where precedence is not accorded to the melting delight
of modulated sounds.
'I'he party consisted of Dr. Johnson, Mr. and Mrs.
(ireville, .Mrs. Crewe, Air., Mrs., and Miss Thrale ; Signer
Piozzi, Mr. Charles Uurney, tlie Doctor, his wife, and
four of his daughters.
Mr. Grevillc, in manner, mien, and high personal pre
sentation, was still the sn|)erh Mr. Grevillc of other days
though from a considerable diminution of the sub.stantial
possessions which erst had given him pre-eminence at the
clubs and on the turf, the splendour of his importance
was now sujierscded by newer and richer claimants.
And even in Ion and fashion, though his rank in lile kept
him a certain place, his influence, no longer seconded by
fortune, was on the wane.
Mrs. Greville, whose decadence was in that very line
in which alone her husband esca|ied it, — personal beauty,
— had lost, at an early (icriod, her external altracl'ons,
from the excessive thinness that had given to her erst fine
and most delicate small features, a east of sharpness so
keen and meagre, that, joined to the shrewdly intellectual
expression of her countenance, made her seem fitted to
sit for a (Kirtrait, such as might have been delineated by
S|)eneer, of a penetrating, puissant, and sarcastic fairy
queen. She still, however, preserved her early fame; her
Ode to Indiflerence having twined around her brow a
garland of wide-spreai!ing and unfading fragrance.
Mrs. Crewe seemed to inherit from both [larcnts only
what was best. She was still in a blaze of lieauty that
her happy and justly noised finbunpiitnt preserved, with a
roseate freshness, thai eclipsed even juvenile rivalry, not
then alone, hut nearly to the end of a long life.
With all the unavoidable consciousness of only looking,
only speaking, only smiling to give pleasure and receive
homage, Mrs. Crewe, even from her earliest days, had
evinced an intuitive eagerness fi)r the sight of whoever or
whateviT was original, or peculiar, that gave her a lively
taste for acquiring information; not deep, indeed, nor
seicnlifie ; but intelligent, communicative, and gay. She
had earnestly, therefore, availed herself of an opportunity
thus free from parade or trouble, of taking nn intimate
view of so celebrated a philosopher as Dr. Johnson ; of
whom she wished to form a (lersonal judgment, confirm-
atory or contradictory, of the rumours, pro and contra,
that had instigated her curiosity.
Mr. Thrale, also, was willing to he present at this in-
terview, from whieb lie flattered himself with reei'iviiig
much diversion, through the literary skirmishes, the
pleasant retorts courteous, and tlio sharp pointed repar-
tees, that he expected to hear rct-iprocated lie- ren Mrs.
Grevillc, Mrs. Thrale, and Dr. Jolmsem: for t. lugli en-
tirely a man of peace, and a gentleman in his character,
he had a singular amusement in hearing, instigating, and
provoking a war of words, alternating triumph iind over-
throw, between clever and ambitions colloquial combat-
ants, where, as here, there was nothing that could inflict
disgrace U|>on defeat.
And this, indeed, in a milder degree, Was the idea of
entertainment from the meeting that had generally been
conceived. But the fir.'t step taken by Dr. Uurney for
social eonciliation, which was calling lor a cantata I'roiii
Signor Piozzi, turned out, on the contrary, the herald to
general discomfiture; fiir it east a damp of dr Jay Upon the
mental gl.idiators, that dimmed (he brightness of the
s|)irit with which, it is prtieable, they had meant to vaii-
i|uish each the ollior.
Piozzi, a first-r.ite S'l'ger, wliise voice was delleionsly
sweet, and whos,- expres;-ion was perfect, sung in hist
very best maii.' T,lrom hisdesite to do honour toiK'n/io
di Casu; but il Capo di Cam and his family atone did
justice to his strains: neilhcr the Grcnillcs nor the
Thrales heeded iim.sie beyond what belonged to it as
.•asliion; the expectations of the Grevilles were all occu-
pied by Dr. Johnson ; and those of the Thrales by the
authoress of the Ode to Indilfercnce. When Piozzi,
therefore, arose, the party remained as little advanced in
any method ov pleasure for carrying on the evening, as
upon its fir.st entrance into the room.
Mr. (Jreville, who had been etirious to see, and who in-
tended to examine this leviathan of literature, as Dr.
Johnson was called in the current pamphlets of the day,
considered it to be his pioper jiost to o|ien the cani[iaigii
of the corivcrsatione. Hut he had heard so much, IVoin
his friend Topham Hcauelerk, whose highest honour was'
that of classing himself as one of the friends of Dr.
Johnson; not only of the bright intellect with which the
doctor brt'jght forth his wit and knowledge; and of tho
splendid talents with which he displayed them when they
were aptly met; but also of the overwhelming ability
with which he dismounted and threw into the mire of
ridieidc and shame, the antagonist who ventured to attack
him with any species of sarcasm, that he was canlious
how to encounter so tremendous a literary athh'tic. He
thought it, therefore, most consonant to his dignity If?
leave his own character as nn author in the back ground;
and to take the field with the aristocratic arrnonr of pedi-
gree and distinction. Ahiof, therefore, he kept from all;
and, assuming his most supercilious air of distant supe-
riority, planted himself, immovable as a noble statue, upon
tho hearth, as if a strangely to the whole set.
Mrs. (jireville would willingly have entered the lists
herself, but that she naturally eoiieladed Dr. Johnson
would make the advances.
And Mrs. Crewe, to whom all this eecmed odd and un-
accountable, but to whom, also, from her love of any
thing unusual, it was secretly amusing, dat perfectly pas-
sivc in silent observan'^e.
Dr. Johnson, himself, had come with the full intention
of passing two or three hours, with well chosen com-
panions, in social elegance. His ov\n expectations, in-
deed, were small — for what could meet their expansion 7
his wish, however, to try all sorts and all conditions of
persons, as far as liclongcd to their intellect. Was nn-
qualificd and unlimited ; and gave to him nearly as much
desire to sec others, is his great fame gave to otlicrs to
see his eminent self. But his signal peculiarity in regard
to society, could not be surmised by strangers; and was
us yet unknown even to Df. Bnrncy. 'J'his was that,
notwithstanding the superior powers with which he fid-
lowed up every given subject, he scarcely ever began one
himself: or, to use the phrase of Sir W, W. Pcpys, origi-
nated; though the masterly manner in which, as soon us
any topic was started, he seizcel it in all its bearings, had
so much the air of iK'longing to the leader of the dis-
course, (hat this singularity was unnoticed and unsiis.
pected, sttVo by the experienced observation of long years
of acquaintance.
Not, therefore, being Riinimoned to hold forth, he re.
niaincd silent; composedly at first, and afterwards ab-
stractedly.
Dr. Iturney now began (o feel eonsiderably einbur-
rassed ; thou),h still he iherishrd hopes of ultimate relief
from some "uspicious circuiiisiancc (hat, sooner ut Liter
mmsm
't;i^':'''yii:
r^^iu.^
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IMAGE EVALUATION
TEST TARGET (MT-3)
1.0
I.I
11.25
IM. 115
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22
2.0
Photographic
Sciences
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33 WtST MAIN STRUT
WIUTH.N V I4SM
(7t6) •73-4S03
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370
MFMOins OF Dll. nURNEY.
f.
m
!»,-;.&
Jltii!.^'^
V,
III ^ 'i 't
Would operate, lie ho|iC(l, in his favour, tlirough tliu mag-
netism of congenial tnli'nti<.
Vainly, however, lie sought to elicit some observations
that might lead to disserting discourse; all his attciiipts
received only quiet, aciiuicscent replies, " iignifying no-
thing." Kvery ono was nwaiting some sjiontancous ojicn-
ing from Dr. Johnson j Jlrs. Thrale, of the whole coterie,
was alone at her case. She feared not Dr. Johnson; for
fear made no part of her composition; and with Mrs.
Greville, aa a fair rival genius, she would have been glad,
from curiosity, to have had the honour of a little till, in
full oarulcssness of its event; for though triumphant when
victorious, she had spirits so volatile, and such utter ex-
emption from envy or spleen, that she was gaily free from
mortification when vanquished. Rut she knew the meet-
ing to have been fabricated fur Dr. Johnson; and, there-
fore, though not without dilKcuIty, constrained herself to
be passive.
When, however, she observed the sardonic disposition
of Mr. Ureville to stare around him at the whole com-
pany in curious silence, she icit a defiance ag-ainst hi.i
aristocracy beat in every pulse; for, however grandly he
might look bock to the long ancestry of the Brookes and
the Greviilos, she had a glowing consciousness that her
own blood, rajiid and fiucnt, flowed in her reins from
Adam of Saltsbcr^ ; and, at length, provoked by tlie dul-
ncss of a taciturnity that in the midst of such renowned
interlocutors, produced as narcotic a torpor as could have
ticen caused by a dearth the most barren of Iiuman facul-
ties ; she grew tired of the music, and yet more tired of
remaining, what as little suited her inclinations as her
nbililies, a mere cipher in the company; and. holding such
•I position, and all its concomitants, to be ridiculous, her
spirits rose rebelliously above her control ; and, in a fit of
utter recklessness of what might bo thought of her by
hor fino new acquaintance, she suddenly, but softly, arose,
and stealing on ti|)-toe behind Signer Piozzi, who was
Bccompunying himself on the piano-foito to an niiimatcd
arri'i jnrlnntf, with his back to the company, and his face
to the wall; she ludicrously began imitating him by
squaring her elbows, elevating them with ecstatic shrugs
nf the shoulders, and casting up her eyes, while UngulsTi-
iiigly reclining her head; as if she were not Icsn en-
thusiastically, though somcw'iat more siiddc 'y, struck
with the transports of harmony than hiniselt'.
This grotesque ebullition of ungovernable g.iicly was
not iK'rceived by Dr. Johnson, wholliced the fire, with his
back to tho performer and tlio instrument. Hut the
auiuscmi'nt which such on unlookcd for exhibition eauscil
to llic party, was momentary; for Dr. Uurney, shocked
lost tho iKMir SIgiior shoulil observe, and lie Imrl by this
mimicry, glided gently round to Mrs. Thrale, and, willi
souictlimg between pluaaaiitry and severity, whispered to
her, " Ueeausr, madam, you have no car yourself for
music, will you' destroy the attention of all who, in Uiat
one point, aro otherwise git\cd '"
It was n^w that shone the brightest attributi; of Mrs.
Thrale, sweetness of temper. She took tliis rebuke with
a candour, and a sense of its justice tho most ami.ilile:
she nodded her approbation of the admonition ; and, re-
turning to licr chair, quietly sat down, as she aflerward<
■aid, liKe a pretty little miss, for the remainder of one of
the most humdrum evenings that sho had ever passed
.Si range, indecil, strange and most strange, tho event
oonsidered, was this opening intorcouno between .Mrs
Thrale and Signor I'iozti. Little could she imagine that
the person she was thus called away from holding up to
ridicule, would become, but n few years afterwards, the
idol of her fancy and the lord of her dustiny.' .\nil little
did tlio company prosciit imagine, that this burlesi|iii'
■cone was but the first of a drama tho moat extraordinary
of real life, of which these two jwrsons were to lie the
hero and the heroine : though, when the catastrophe wtm
known, this incident, witnessed by so many, win rem!,
lected and repeated from coterie to coleriu throughout
London, with comments and sarcasms ofendli'ss variety.
The most innocent [wrsonof all that went forward was
tir laurelled chief of tho little assoeintiuii, Dr. JoIiiimhi;
who, though his love fur Dr. niirney made it a pleaiiire
to him to have liecn included in the invitilion, inarMlIid,
probably, by this lime, since uncalled u|ion to dinliiiguish
niiiiaell', why he had iH'cn bidden In the meeting. Hut,
M the evening advaneod, ho wrapt himself up in his own
tlioughts, in a manner it was fl-cqiiently less difllt'ult to
him til do than to let alone, and became complrlnly ab-
•orlM-d in silent ruiuinatiiui: sustaining, nrverthcless, a
grave andcom|ioBed demeanour, with an air by no means
wanting in dignity any iiiort^ than in urlwiiity.
Very uu<»peetedly, however, ere tne evening eliHird,
he showed hiinnilf alive to what surrounded him, by one
of thoK lingulux lUtta of vition, that mtdc turn socai at
times, — though purliliiid to things in comnum, and to
things inanimate, — gil\ed with an eye of instinct for cs|iy-
ng any action or position that he thought moited repre-
hension : for, all a once, looking fixedly on Mr. Greville,
who, without much self-denial, tlio night being very cold,
liertinaciously kept his station liefurc the chimney-piece,
lie exclaimed: " If it were nut fur depriving the ladicii of
the fire, — I should like to stand upon the hearth myself!"
A smile gleamed U|>on every face at this pointed
speech. Mr. Greville tried to smile himself, though faintly
and scofTingly. lie tried, also, to hold to his post, as it
determined to disregard so cavalier a liberty: but the
sight of every eye around him cast down, and every
isagc struggling vainly to appear serious, disconcerted
him ; and tliough, fur two or tlireo minutes, he disdained
to move, the awkwardness of a general pause imiiclled
him,l:re long, to glide back to his chair; but ho rang tlie
bell witli fiirce as he passed it, to order his carriage.
It is probable that Dr. Johnson had oliscrved the high
air and mien of Mr. Greville, and had pur|iosc'ly brouglit
I'urth that remark to disenchant him from his sclf-con-
8e(|uenee.
The party then broke up; and no ono from amongst
it ever asked, or wished for its repetition.
If the mode of tlie first queen of the Ba$ liltu Socie-
ties, Mrs. Vescy, had here been adopted, for destroying
the formality of tlic circle, tho party would certainly liave
been less scrupulously ceremonious ; for if any two of
the gifted pcrsoni present had been jostled unatTcctcdly
together, there can be little doubt that the plan and
piirfiosc of Dr. Burncy would have been answered by a
spirited conversation. But neither then, nor since, liai?
so happy a confusion to all order of etiquette been iuKti-
tutrd,ii° naa sot afloat by tl-ut remarkable lady ; whose
amiable and intelligent simplicity made her follow up
the suggestions of her singular fancy, without being at
aware that sho did not follow tlioso of coininun
custom.
LADY MAKY DCNCAN.
Indy M iry Duncan, the great patroness of Paccliierotli,
was one of the must singular femulcs of her day, for
parts utterly uneullivated, and mother wit eomplilely
iiiitrainmellud by the etiquettes of custom. She singled
out Dr. Burney from her passiun for his art ; and at-
tached herself to his friendsliip from her esteem for his
har.icter ; joined to their entire sympathy in tiisle, feeling
and iudgmenl, u|ion tlie merits of Fucehlerotti.
This lady displayed in conversation a fund of humour,
comic and lUiiLii-tic in the c.vtremt', and more than bor-
dering on llic burles'|UO, through the exiraurdinury gri.
maees witli which she eiiforeed her meaning ; and the
risible abruptness of a quick Iraiisilion from the sternest
authority lo the most liieelious go(jd fellowsliip, with
which she frequently altered tho expression of her coun-
tenance while in debate.
Her general langu.ige was a jargon entirely her own,
and so cnvelo|ied with strange pliruses, ludicrously uii-
gramniatical, that it was hardly inti lligible, till an exor-
dium or two gave some insight into its (M^uliarities; but
then it commonly unfolded into round, and even saga-
cious panegyric of sonic favourite; or sharp sarcasm, tiiid
extrnvaganl iniMiiery, upon some one who hud ineurieil
her di»|ileasure. Her wrath, however, once promulgated,
seemed to o|icrate by its utterance as a vent that dis-
burlliened her mind of all its angry workings; and led
her c^irdiaily to join her laugh with that of lier hearers;
without either inquiry, or eare, whether that laugh wen
at her sayings or at hersell'.
Hlie was constantly dressed according lo ilie eostiimi
of here.irly days, inulMMip, with a long |Miiiiled stuiiiaelier
and long fninted rullles ; and a fly cap. She li.id a manly
mnrage, a manly stamp, and a manly hard-featured liice
but her heart was as invariably generous and good, a
her inannirs were original and grotes<|ue.
EVKHNA ;
OS, * vorso tAtiV'v KsrsASfi iitrn iiii n-oiii.it,
A subject now proixU itself fiirwnrd that iiiiuht U'tter,
it {• iiridiable, iHeoine any |N'n than that on which it here
devolves. It cannot, however, be set aside in the inciiioirs
n( Dr. Burncy, to whom, and to tho end nf his life, it
proved • iM^riiMnent suureu of deep and Isisoiii in.
tirest ; and the editor, with less unwillingness, though
with conscious awkwardness, apprimehes this egotiatie
liistiiry, friiin some reeeiil iiifiirmation that the obscurity
in which its origin was encircled, hoa left, wen yet, a
spur to curiosity and conjeeture.
It seems, thrrefore, a devoir due to tho singleness of
truth, lo cut short any f\itiii«' vague assertion on this
tiiudl tubjocl,bjr Ml cxplictluMrtliunuf • niinple, Uiuugh
rather singular tale ; which, little as in itself it can >•>■
worthy of iKirticular nttenlion, may not wholly, iH.uau,
be unamiisiiig, from the eulebrated characters llmt ||,|\j|'
necessarily be involved in its relation ; at the hrnil ,,f
wliieli, al this present iiinnient, she is tempted to (ii«|i,v
in self-defence — a, proud sell'-dofenec !— of this periioini
obliusion, the uvi.Nu» iiaiiies of Sir Waller Scott and M,
Rogers, who, in a visit with which tliey favoured lur in
the year IfSid, repeated some of the fabricatiuiis to KJiJcJi
this mystery of her early life still gave rise ; and condcs.
cendcd to solicit a recital of tho real history of Evclini'i
Enltancc into the World.
This she instantly eommunicaled ; Uiougli so incolie.
rcntly, from tlic enibarrassnunt of tlic subject, and iii
long absence from her thoughts, thai, having since col.
Icctcd documcnU to refresh her memory, she venturr%in
gratefully dedicating tlie little incident to tliesc illusiriiiiu
in<|u»itur8, lo insert its details in tlicse nicuioirg~(,j
which, iwrenlally, it in fact belongs.f
FiiANCKs, the second daughter of Dr. Burncy, wis ilu.
ring her childhood the most backward of all liia faniili 1
ill the faculty of receiving instruction. Al eight yian
of age she was ignorant of the letters of the aliiluUl
though at ten, she began scribbling, almost inctsmnilt'
little works of invention ; but always in privale ; and iii I
scrawling characters, illegible, save to herself. I
Ono of her most remote remembrances, previonslv u I
this writing mania, is lint of hearing a neighbuurinj I
lady recommend to Mrs. Burney, her niotlier, loquickml
the indolence, or stupidity, whichever it iiiiglit be of Uie I
little dunce, by the chastening ordinances of Salomon. I
The alarm, however, of that little dunce, at a mggoiiioq I
so wide from the maternal measures that had been prjc. f
liscd ill her childhood, was instantly superseded liy tjrjvl
of gratitude and surpriFc that still rests u|m>ii brr rr<iii.l
lection, when she heard gently inurmurcd iii reply, "Xo,!
no, — I am not uneasy about her !'' I
But, alas! the soft music of those encouragini; u.l
cents had already ceased lo vibrate on humiin earsbdlrtl
these scrambling pot-hooks had begun their n|K r..lion ofl
converting into elegies, odes, plays, songs, sturleii, fario f
— nay, tragedies and epic |ioeiiis, every scrap ol' nli&l
pa|H'r that could b<^ seized upon without i;>iestiuii oi no.!
lice ; for s .e grew up, probably through the vaniit.F
annihilaling circuniHtances of this conscious iiitcllrrliull
disgrace, with so afl'riglited t persuasion tli.il what m\
seribbleil, if seen, would but ex|)osc her to riiliculr, liuJ
her |K'n, lliough her greatest, was only her clanll^,^l.Jtl
delight. r
To one confidant, indeed, all was o|H.'n; ^ut the {im
partiality of the juvenile Susanna made her opinion oil
iilllo weight; though the affection of her praise nndm/
the stolen moments of their secret readings the liapfiita
of their adolescent lives.
From the time, however, that she attained lirr fifWnli^
year, she considered it her duty to combat this wnlmj
passion as illaudable, liecaiise fruitless. Siiziii);, tlicrrJ
fori', an op|Mirtuiiily, when Dr. Burney was at ('liinn;'
ton, and the then .Mrs. Iluniey, her iuutlicr.in.law,»uii
Norfolk, six' made over to a bonfire, in a paved play-CDun.
her whole stock of prose goods and chattels; witli d
• This was written in Ihe year \Cfi^,
t The first volume of this work was nearly prin'd
when the editor hail the grief of henriiig that Sir WilQ
.Scott was no more. In tlie general sorrow iImI hi» I
has Npreail tlirougbuiit the Ih itisli I'liipire, die jirt'suige
not to s|M'ak of her own ; but she c iiinut p'rxiiiik' Iwl
self to annul the little tribute, by which she liad iiiriinllf
demonstrate to him her sense of the vivacity with wbi
he had sought out her dwelling ; invited her tothi' lio
liility of his daughters st Abbutsfurd; and ciiurl>tiu<ii
liny, engerly ollcred to do the honoura of IScullaiid lulu^
liiinsell, from that celebrald ab(Mb\
In a Kiibseipienl visit with which he honoured ind li
lighted her in tlin folluwing year, she priNJiieul In
the rerapN of diHumenls and fVagineiits whn h >l« \A
rnlleetiMl t'roin aneienl diaries and leth'rs, in nmwqiii
of his iiii|iiiries. rieased he looked; but luld lur I
what already she had related, already-r'o iix' I"* ■"■I
word— he had " noted;" adding," And most |HrliruUHi
I have not fiirgullen your mullivrry tree!"
This little history, however, was so appnipriiUlT 1
own, and was writli'ii so expressly with a view In I
dedieatiiin, tlial still, with veneration — though wilbw
iirss iiiKti'ud of gladness- alie leaves Ihe biwi n<^<^
n( her iiileiiiled hoiiinge III its original stale. Ami I
leas reliietaiilly, as the companion of his kiiidiirx i
Ills iiiterrogalories will still—Hihe hopes --ai'ii'iil,'"'^*
un.villtiigly, Ian uwii shiuu ui Utu utwU wUiuuif'
uncrrr Inleiition
dribbling projicn
■ He who CI
Is of his o
itimoins OF i>R. nvKNnv.
371
I iUcll il can '»■
wholly, iKiiiajir,
ractcrs Hint miin
; at the lirnil i,f
imptcd lo ilijclijw,
—of tills pcraonil
liter Scott am) Mr.
;y fnvourtd In t in
iricatioim lo «liich
ri.sv i uiid cnnd'^
intory of Evclini't
tlioUEh 80 incnijr.
lie Huujvct, and lU
, haviiij; eiucc col.
ry , nlie Ttnturr? , in
L tu tlicisc illutUiuui
lliciie iiicmoira— t)
>r. Durncy, wu ia.
d of all Ilia faniii;
II. At eight yi'iri |
m of the al|ihabtl;
almont inccsMiiily,
s in private ; and in
lo herself,
ancca, previously lo
ing a nciglibourinj I
r niotlier, to quickrn I
!r it might be of llie I
linancca of Solomon. I
mice, at a niggc«lion|
B that had been prac.
' supcracdi'd by t jov I
catii u|K)ii tier mnl
mured in reiilj',".No,j
lose encouraging u.l
)n huiniin earsbi'iirtl
Ijun their o|Kr„lionof|
I songs, sturicK, fiinc!,|
every Bcrap of ftliikl
ithiiut i|!icK(ion or ncl
through the vaniit.l
eoiiBcious iiilelU'rtiiJl
HUaaioii tli.ll what t.v|
fiC Iht to riilieulc, 111
only her elani'.i>lJi|
o|x;ii ; 'ml the fitll
iiiiide her opinion on
jf hir praiw rindt.^
rcadinga tin; liap|iiii
attained lior fiftfati
) combat this viHini
litles.s. Si'iiiiig, thcM
rniy nus nt llHMn{j
lotlier-inlaw.waii
, ill a paved pUy-coiil
and ehalleliii wiliil'-
•li was nearly pnn'i
iciiriiig that Sir W»!tej
rnl sorrow tli.il hi» '
Kiiipire, Hhe iiresmi
J e iimot |i"r»uadc l«(]
whielisliv badiiiwil'
ihc vivacity with wli»
invited her lotlieliw
jfordi and eoiirtrou"
lours of HcotlaiiJ l'>
J.-.
Il ho lionoiirril inJ
, she pHHliiiiil III
irineiilM whirh »lir
litters, in eimr«'<i
lkvd ; hut luW 1"'
Jreiidy-rl" '»' ''" ''
f" And iiiosl iwrlicul'
ry tree!"
as so »ppro|iri"li»
ily with a v«* l»
«tion— though wilb
,ve» th« brief """I"
iriuinal stale- A'"
Ion of his kiiidi""
hop»'»— •••'''•(''•""'
u siiwll utTwiiig'
jfcrf intention to extinguish for ever in their ashes her
■cribliling proi>en»ity. Uut Hudibras too well says—
' He who complies against his will,
la of Ills own opinion still."
Thii frand feat, therefore, which consumed her proihic.
, fls c.ftirpated neither the invention nor the inclination
il iiiJ given tlicm birth ; and, in defiance of all the pro-
i^tcil luroi.sm of the sacrifice, the la.st of the littlo works
Cii was immolated, which was the History of Caroline
Vvclrn,llic mother of Evelina, left, upon the mind of the
„jliJi,'iio animated an impression of the singular silua.
lioo) lo wliieh that Caroline's infant daughter, — from the
udiiul birth by which she hung sus|icn<lcd Iwtween the
,Wjnl connections of her inothi-r, and the vulgar ones
of iter grandmother, — might Iw cx|>osed; and presented
(onlrMti and mixtures of society so unusual, yet, thus
(irtunislanccd, so natural, that irresistibly and almost
jnconscioiisly, the whole of A Yimng Lndj/'s Entranct
BiijlUt WorW, was |>ent up in tlie inventor's memory,
tit 1 paragraph was committed to pa|>cr.
W'ritin". indeed, was far more diftieult to her than
(oupo^in? ; for that demanded what she rarely found at-
^j,l,|c_nccrct opportunity: while coin|)osilion, in that
kfrJiv of imagination, cillcd only for volition.
iviiJn llio littlo narrative, however slowly, from the
isipediracnto that always annoy what requires secrecy,
unn lo assume a " questionable shafie;" a wish — as
mac, at first, as it was fanti-stic — crossed the brain of
Lf urilcr, to " sec her work in print.'
Shi' communicated, under promise of inviolable silence,
kii idra to her sisters ; who entered into it with much
Lite amunement than surprise, as they well knew her
Lk for quaint s|iorts ; and were equally aware of the
ifn<iliv(' alfright with which she ithrunk from all per-
l«nil remark.
S:ic now copied the manuscript in a feigned hand ;
» iihn was the doctor's principal anianueiisis, she
ifd her common writing might accidentally Ih) seen
pomf compositor of the llistory of Music, and lead to
Jttlioii.
S!ic grew weary, however, ere long, of an exercise so
dIv mimial; and had no sooner completed a copy of
first and second volumes, than she wrote a letter
ilhmilnny signature, to offer the unfinished work to a
okvllor ; witli a desire to have the two volumes inline-
ikIv printed, if approved ; and a promise to send tlie
;ifiinllie following year.
Thi< was forwarded by the I/ondiin post, with a desire
lit Ihf answer should be d*eeted to a eoffee.hoiise.
llfr yoiMger brother — the elder, Captain James, was
mer the hills and far away,"— her younger brother,
rtwirdslhe celebrated (ireek scholar, gaily, and with
reading; a word of the work, oeccpted a shire in so
ibiiinirnl a frolic j and joyously undertook to be her
■nl »l the coffechouso with lier letters, and to the
lUllir with the manuscript.
.tftir Koinc coiuultation upon the choice of n Imok-
(llct, Mr. Risldcy was fixed upon; for Dodsley, ft-oin
filhcr'n,— or jicrhaps grandfathi'r's, — well elinsen col-
n of fugitive jioctry, stood foremost in the estimation
« juvenile B«!l
Mr. DisUley, in answer tu thn proposition, declined
nking at iny thing that was anonymous.
Tk parly, half-ainuMHl, half-provoked, snt in full cnin-
rc ii|ioii this lofty reply; and eamo to a riwdutioii lo
p thn rtUt of tlio wost end of thu town, and to try
.'II fiirtune with llio urlmiiity of the city.
Chiiiec fued tlicin uiioii the name of Mr. Lowndes.
IVrity of London here proved more eniirtly than that
■ Wretuiiiister ! and, to their no small delight, Mr.
'ndcK desired to see the manuscripL
.^dwhal added a certain pride to tlio author's salis-
lion in thia assent was, tliat tho answer o|ioned hy
Sir,"-
:h gave her an elevation to manly eonso<|uenre, that
not lieeii nceorded to lior by Mr. IKulsley, wliosu re.
"Sir, or madam."
1V young agent was muflled up now hy tho laUKlitng
HnmitlFr, in an old great enat, and a large old hiil, lo
'diiin a iiotnewhiit antique as well as vulgar disguise
»i««eiit forth in the dark of the evening with the
M rolunies to Hect-strect, where he liift them lo
'it filr,
liiinnminf iin|ialienc« the parly awaited the issiio of
' niminalinn
should lie " ready to purehasu and print it when il should
In; finished."
There was nt.thiiig in this imreasona'.ile; yet the
disappointed author, tired of wli.il she deenud such
priggish pimctiliii, gave up, for awhile, and in dudgeon,
all IJionglit of the seheiiie.
Nevertheless, to lie thwarted on thu score of our
inclination acts more frequently as a smir than as a
bridh;; the third volume, therefore, which finisind 77ii
j/nung laili/'g entrance into tin: irorld, was, ere another
year could pass away, almost involuntarily completed
and copied.
Kilt while the serihe was yet wavering whether to
abandon or to prosecute her eiilerprixe, the chasm <aus< d
hy this suspense to the workings of her iin:iginati'iii, lel\
an o|K-ning from their vagaries to a mciit il inlerrogatory,
whether it were right to allow herself siirh uii aiiiite-
meiil, with whatever precaiilimis she might keep it from
the world, mikiiown to her fullier?
She had never laki'ii any step without the sanction of
his |K'rniission ; and Imd now refniined t'roiii rl■q»e^ting
it, only through the confusion of aeknowkilginj her
authorship; and the apprehension, or, rather, tiie horror
of his desiring to sec her |S'rl'ormaneo.
Nevertheless, rellection no sooner took pinee of action,
than she found, in this case at least, thu poet's maxim
reversed, and that
" The female m!iV, deliberates — is sav'd,"
for she saw in its genuine Kght what was her duty ; and
seized, therefore, U|H'-x u 'uppy inonieiit of a kind ttic li
tete with her father, to avow, with more blushes than
words, her secret littlo work, and her odd inclination to
sec it in print; hastily adding, while he looked at her,
incredulous of what he heard, that her brother Charles
would transact the Inisiness with a distant bookselltr,
who should never know her name. She only, therefore,
entreated that he would not himself ask lo see the inanu-
seript.
Ills amazement was without parallel ; yet it soenicil
surpassed by his amusement; and his laugh was so pay,
that, revived by its cheering sound, she hist all her tears
and cmharrassinent, and heartily joined it ; though
somewhat at the ex|H'iise of her new author-like dignity.
She was the last |ieraoii, jicrhaps, in the world from
whom Dr. Hurney could have ex|K(ted a tiinilur scheme.
lie thought her project, however, as innocent as it was
whiinsieul, and offered not the smallest objection ; but
kindly emhrneing her, and calling himself Ir fitir cor.Ji.
(/rn(, he onjoiiied her to lie wuliHiful that Charles was
discreet ; and to be invariably strict in giiariling her own
incognita : and then, having tiieitly (irunted her |iersonal
petition, he dropi the siihject.
With fresh ciigerness, now, and heightened spirits, the
incipient author rolled up her packet tiir the bookseller ;
which was carried to liiin hy a newly trusted agent,
her brother being then in the country.
The sus|N'iise was short; in a very few days M
lowndes sont his approbation of the woik, with an ot'cr
of '.{IK. for the manuscript — an offer which was aere|i(ed
with alacrity, and boundless surprise at its inagnifi-
cenee ! !
Tho receipt for this setllenicnl, signed simply hy " (Af
Kililar i\f Ketlinn," was conveyed by the new tgiiit lo
l''li'et-atreel.
In tho ensuing January, I TT*^, the work was published ;
a fact which only liocaine known to its writir, wlio had
dropjied all eorresiHindeiiee with Mr. Lowndes, iVoni
hearing the liillowing adterlisenieiit read, aeeidentilly,
aloud at breakfast tiiiii', hy .Mrs. Iliirney, her mulher-in-
law.
TViif i/ny trai publitlirJ,
KVKI.IN.i;
OR, A VOtlMI I.AUY's RMRAKICK INTO TIIE WOHI.n.
rrintod for T. Ijuwndcs, Fleet-street.
Mrs. Iliirni y, who read this iinsus(s elingly, went on
immediately to otiier artieh's; but, had slie lilli-d her
eyes from the pafHT, something more llinii suspicion
must havu met them, from the eonseioiis colouring of tlir
seribliler, and the irresistible smiles of the two sisters,
Susanna and Cliarlolte, who were present.
Dr. Hurney prohubly read the same advert i.sement the
same morning : but as he knew neither the name of the
iNHik, nor of the iMiokmller, nor llio time of publication,
he must have read it without eomment, or Ihoughl.
'<*. Ihal Mr. Isiwndes enuld not think of publishing
jnfiniih«d book; though ho liked tha work, and
I Bill llify sere all letdown into thu very "Blough of In this projected and inlenib'd security from public
pi"""!.'' when the next ecfffee. house letter coolly de- notice, I he aiillior passed two or three months, (luring
which the diH'Inr asked not s question ; and |irrh<i|M had
forgotten the secret with which h« had been entrusted ;
lor, Is'.sides the niulliplieily of his uffiirf, his mind, just
then, was deeply disturbed by rising dis.sension, from
irlaims the most unwnrraiitiilili', with .Mr. (ircville.
And even fioin her own mind, the Isiok, with all that
Ih longed lo it, was smin allirwurds chased, through thu
nbsorlwnt fears of seeing her father dangerously attacked
hy an acute fever; from vvhieli, hy the adniirablu pre-
scriptions and skill of Sir Kichard Jebb, he was barely
1 1 overed, u hen she herself, who had been ineaiitioiisly
a^'i r in aiding her niolhcr anil sisters i:i their assiduous
attendance u|hiii the invahiahle invalid, was tulaii ill
with sluing symptoms of an inllaiumolion of tlic lungs :
and though, thronuh the sagacious directions of tho
same prniJraling physician, she was soon pronounced to
lie out of imnudiate danger, she was so shaki n in lienltli
and strength, that Sir Hiehard enjoined her qiiitliiig
London for the recruit of country air. She was there,
tore conveyed iot'hesinglon llall,uheie she was received
and eheri.shed by a second father in Mr. Crisp; with
vthoiii, and his associates, the worthy .Mrs. Hamilton
and .Miss Cooke, she remained for a considerable time.
A few days iK-fore ilie lelV town. Dr. Hurncv, in a
visit to her bedside, revealed lo her his late pninful disn.
creenient with .Mr. (irevillc ; but told her that they had,
ut teuL'th, ronie to a full explanation, which had brought
Mr. (irevillc once more to his former and agreeable self;
and had terminated in a coniphte rccoiieilialion.
He then reail to her, in confidence, a |s>ctical rplstle,
which he had just eom|iosed, and was preparing to send
lo his restored friend; hut which was expressed in termH
so affecting, that they nearly proved the reverse of
restoration, in her then feeble state, to his fondly attached
daughter.
Dr. Burney's intercourse with Mr. Greville was then
again resumed ; and continued with rational, but truo
regard, on the part of Dr. Liiruey ; hut with an inteiii-
|K'rate importunity on thul of .Mr. (treville, that claimed
lime w hieli could nut be spared ; and leisure which could
not Ih' found.
Kvilina had now Is'cn published four or five iiionlhs,
though Dr. Hurney still knew nothing of its exisleiiee ;
and the author herself had learnt it only hy the chance-
read advertijeineiit already meiitioniif. Yet had llmt
link- IsMik found its way ahroiid; fallen into general
reading ; gone through tlircc editioiii:, and been named
» itii favour in sundry lieviews ; till, at length, a sort of
cry was excited oiiiungst its readers for discovering its
author.
That author, it will naturally be imagined, would
repose her secret, however sacred, in the hreuht of sii
conrideiiii.ll a counsellor as .Mr. Crisp, the iiitimuto
friend of the family.
And not trust, iiulecd, was there wanting I liir other-
wise I Hut us she required no advice fur what she never
meant to avow, and liad already done with, she had no
motive of suflieieiit fiiree to give her couriige for eiicoun-
leriiig his critic eye. She never, Ihereliire, ventured,
lid never purposed to venture reveulin)[ to him her
nonymous exploit.
June came; and a sixth month was elapsing in tlio
aiiie silent eoncealineiit, when early one morning tlio
doctor, with great eagerness and hurry, licgan a search
amongst the pamphlets in his study for a Monthly
Keview, which lie demanded of his daughter Charlotte',
who alone was in the room. After finding it, he ear-
ne.illy examined its contents, and then Iimkeif nut hastily
for on article wliiili he read with a countenance of so
niiK II eniotiim, tlint Charlotte stole softly liehind him, to
jirep over his shoulder; and then saw, with surprise and
joy, that he was pursuiiig an account, which snn knew
to'ls' iiiimt fainurnble, of Kvelina, begiuning, " A great
variety of natural eharaclcra — "
When he hail finished tlio article, he ^lut down the
Keview, and sat mntionless, without raising his eyeii,
■nd looking in deep, but charmed astnnishmrnt. Siid-
diuly, then, he again snatched the Review, and again
ran over the article, with an air yet more intensely
iH'cupied. I'laeing it afterwards on the cliininey-picec,
he walkeil about the room, as if lo recover bnath, and
reriilleel himself; though always with Imiks of the most
vivid phasure.
Stune miniiles later, hnhling Ihe Review in his hand,
while ins|iecting the table of eontcnls, he U'ckoned tu
Clurb'ltc lo app-oaeh ; and |Kiinting to " Kvclina," " you
know," he said, in a whisixr, '• that Isiok ? St-nd William
for it lo Lowndes', as if tor yourself, and give it lo niu
when we an" alone,"
Chailoltr iitx'yed; and, joyous in snu|;uiiie ex|irclalliin,
delivend In him the litlfe vidiimcs, lied up In brown
|Mper, in his study, when, late ut night, ho cami' hum*
Ooni some riigagemciiL
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372
MEMOIRS OF DR. BDRNEY.
llo locked llivin up in his bureau, without ipcakiiig,
and retired to liiH chamber.
The kindly inipaticut (Charlotte waa in his itudy the
next nicniuK with the lark, waiting tlic descent ol' the
doctor from his rioin.
Ho, aUo, WAH early, and went straight to his desk,
whence, taking out and untying the jHireel, he opened
the Krst volume U|ion the little ode to himself, — " Uh
author of my being ! far more dear," iV.c.
He ejaculated a " (jood Uod!" and hu eyes were
sutTuscd with tears.
Twice he read it, and then recommitted the Imok to
his writing desk, as if his mind were too full for further
IMTusal; and dressed, and went out, williuut uttering a
syllable.
All tiiis the alTeetionalo Charlotte wrote to her sister ;
who read it with a iicrturliatioii inexpressible. It was
clear tlinl tlio doctor had disirovered the name of her
biH>k ; and learned, also, thiit Charlotte was one of her
cabal : but how, was inexplicable ; though what would
lie his opinion of the work absorbed now all Uic tlioughts
and surmises of the clandestine autlior.
From this time, lie frequently, though privately ond
conlidenlially, sfKike witli all the sisters u[K>n tlie subject ;
and with the kindliest approbation.
From this time, also, daily accoutits of tlio progress
made by the doctor in rending thu work ; or ol the
progress in the world of the work itself, were transmitted
to recreate tlie C'hesington invalid from the eagerly kind
sisters; the eldest of which, soon allerwards, wrote a
pro|ioHal to carry to Chesington, for reading to .Mr.
I'risp, "an ononynmns new work that was running about
the town, ralU'fl F.velina."
iSlie came ; and |ierforniod lior promixcd office with a
warmth of heart that glowed through every word she
read, and gave an interest to every detail.
With dying colours, llierelbre, the book went off, not
only with the easy social circle, but with .Mr. Crisp
liiniKelf ; and without the most remote suspieiou that the
author was in the midst of the audience ; a circumstance
tliat made the wliolu perusal seem to that author the
most pleasant of comedies, from the innumerable whim-
ileal incidents to wliieli it gave ri-<i', alike in panegyrics
and in criticisms, which alternately, and most innocently,
were olU'U addressed to herself; and aceompanird with
demands of her cpinions, that tbrced her to |><'rple.\ing
evasions, prndnetive of the most ludicrous confusion,
tliongh of the highest inward diversion.
.Meanwhile, Dr. Ihirney, uninformed of this transae-
tiiin, yet justly coneliuling that, whether the iHKik weri'
owned or nut, some one of the little committee would bo
carrying it to Chesingtim ; sent an injunction to pro.
crastinate its iM'ing produced, as he himself meant to lie
its reader to Mr. Crisp.
This touching testimony of his parental interest in its
success with thv first anil dearest of their friends, came
close to the heart for which it was designed, with leelings
of strong and yet living gratitude I
F.<|unlly nnex|N'cted and e.\hilar:iting to the invalid
were idl these oceurrcnees : but of much deop«'r marvel
still was the narrative which follows, and which she
received about a wet'k af\er this time.
In a letter written in this month, June, her sister
Susuuna stated to her, that just rh she had retired to her
own riHiiu, on the evening preceding its date, their father
returned Irum his usual weekly visit to Stroatliam, atid
sent for her to his study.
Slin inuucdiately |H'rceiv<'d, by his expanded brow,
Uiat he had sumethliig extraordinary, and of high
agreeabilily, to divulge.
An the im-morialist arrive* now at tJic first mention,
in this little transaeliou, of a name that the public seems
to hail with augmenting ongnrness in every trait tliat
romes to light, she will venture to copy the genuine
account in whiih that honoured name first occurs; and
which was written to her by her sister Susanna, with
an unpretending simplicity that may to some have a
charm ; and that to no one can l>e ollensive.
Alter the n|K'iiiiig to tlie business that has just been
■hridgird, Susanna llius goes on.
■ •••••
"Oil, my dear girl, how I shall surprise you 1 I'reparr
yoiirst'U", I beseech, not to lie tisi much inoveil.
**' I Imvii such a thing,' cried our dear Ihtlier, 'to tell
you nJHiut oiw |Msir Fanny I — '
"• Dear sir, what f eiied I; nA-aid he had lieen lie.
Irnyiug your secret to Mrs. Tliruhs whiih I know he
longeil to do.
" He only smiled — Iwt such a iniilo of |ilensurfl I never
law I ' Why to night at Wirenlhain,' etini he, ' while wr
wcrf sitting at ten, only Dr. Jolutson, Mrs. I'htale, .Miss
'I'hrale, and myself. Mailam, cried Dr. Johnson, see-
sawing on his chair, Mrs. Cholmondeley was talking to
me last night of a new novel, which she says has a very
uncommon share of merit ; Evelina. She says she has
not been so entertained this great while as in reading it;
and that she shall go all over London to discover the
author.'
" Do you breathe, my dear Fanny ?
" ' Odd enough ! ' cried Mrs. Thralc ; 'why somebody
else iiicntioncd that book to me t'other day — Lady West-
cote it WRB, I believe. The modest writer of Evelina
she talked almut.'
"'Mrs. Cholmondeley says,' answered the doctor,
' that she never before met so much modesty with so
much merit in any literary production of the kind, as is
implied by the concealment of the autlior.'
" ' Well, — ' cried I, continued my father, smiling
more and more, ' somebody recommended that book to
me, too; and I read a little of it — which, indeed — seemed
to be above the eommonplaen works of this kind.'
'■ Mrs. Thralc said she would certainly get it.
" * You miu( have it, madam ! ' cried Johnson, em
phatically; ' Mrs. Cholmondeley says she shall keep it
on her table the whole summer, that every body thot
knows her may sec it ; for she asserts tlint every body
ought to read it ! And she has made Uurke gel it — and
Reynolds.'
" A tolerably agreeable conversation, methinks, my
dear Fanny ! It took away my brcatli, and mado me
skip like a mad creature.
" ' And how did you feel, sir V said I to my futiicr,
when 1 could s|ieak.
" ' Keel .' — why I liked it of all things ! I wanted
somelKMly to introduce tho book at Streathom. 'Twos
just what I wished, hut could not ex|K'ct ! '
" I could not for my life, my dearest Fonny, help say-
ing that — even if it should be discovered, shy as you
were of Ihiiig known, it would do you no discredit.
' Diseridil ,'' he repented; 'no, indeed! — ipiilc the
reverse 1 It would !»■ <|uite llii^ reverse! It would lie a
cfcdit to her — and to me! — and to you — and to all her
family! '
"Now, my dearest Fanny — pray how do you do ? — "
Vain would lie any attempt to depict the astonishment
of the author at this communication — Uiu astonishment,
or — the pleasure !
And, ill truth, in private life, few small events can
|iossibly have Ih'cii attenihd with more remarkalile inri-
lents. That a work, vuluntnrily consigned by its humble
author, rven trom its birth, to oblivion, should risu from
her coiidcinnaiioii, and,
" rnpatronised, unaided, unknown,"
make itj* woy through the inetro|>olis, in passing IVnni
the Monthly jie\iew into the hands of the iH-autiful K'rs.
liunbiiry ; and from her arriving nt those of the Hon.
Mrs. Cholmniiileley ; whence, triumphantly, it should Ik'
conveyed to Sir Joshua Keynolds; mado known to .Sir.
Uurke ; hi' mouiitcd even to the notice of Dr. Johnson,
and reach Strenthani ; — and that there its name should
first lie pronounced by the great lexicograjdier himself;
and, — by mere' eliancc, — in the priwenee of^ Dr. Ifurney ;
B4'«'ined more like a romance, even to the doctor himself,
than any thing in the book that was the cause of these
coincidences.
Very sisiii afterwards, another singular eircumstanee,
and one of great lliitter to the spirits of the hidden au-
thor, reached her from the kind sisters. L'|ion the suc-
ceeding excursion of Dr. Iluriiey to Streathnm, Mrs.
Tlirnle, most unconsciously, comniissioiied him to order
Mr. Iiowndes to send her down Evelina.
From this moment the eoin|iosure of Chesington was
over f^ir the invalid, though not so the happiness! ime.
ipialled, in n short time, that U'canie — uiiei|unlli'd as it
was wonderful. Dr. Hurney now, fVoiii his numerous
iMiiipalioii-, slcde a few hours for a Hying visit to Che.
siiigon ; where his inreting with his daughter, just resriied
iVom the grave, nnil still Isirely convalescent, at a |ieriod
of such |N'culiar interest to his paternal, and to her filial
heart, was of the tenderest description. Yet, esrimstly
OS she coveted his sight, she felt almost afVaid, and quite
nshaincil, to Im alone with him, from her doubts how lie
might aeri |it her versified dedication.
Slid held liack, therufore, Ooiii any lelf <i Mr till he
sent fur Inr to his little gallery cabinet ; or in Mr.
Crisp's words, conjuring closet. lint there, when he hiid
shut the diHir, with a significant smile, that lohl her what
was coming, and gave a glow to lirr very fiirelicnd from
anxious eonlhsion, he gently said, ' I have read your book,
Fanny ! — but you need not blush at it — it is full uf merit
- -it is, really— eiliaurdiiiury '."
' ("inl I
She fell upon his neck witli hcart-tlirobbiiig eiiio|j,K i
and he folded her in his arms so tenderly, that she «4|,'
u|ion his sliouhler ; so moved was she by his iircrio, '
approbation, but hhc soon recovered to a gayer |ilia,n^, I
— a pleasure more like his own ; though the Icnirili „,' |
her illness had made her almost too weak for sciihu., I
that were mixed witli such excess of amazement. ^
had written tlie little Imok, like innumerable of its pr,j,
ccssors that she had burnt, simply for her privi'le ritti'
tion. She had printed it for a frolic, to sie how t n, ■
duction of her own would figure in that autlmr-lilii' i;,^^ I
Rut that was the whole of her plan. And, in triiih | I
unlooked for success evidently surprised her fiitliir miji' I
as much as herself, '
liut what was her start, when he told her thai |,„
book was then actually running the gauntlet at Stren
ham ; and condescended to ask her leave, if .Mrs. Tluii I
should hapjicn to be pleased with it, to let her into ihi
secret !
Startled was she indeed, nay, affrighted; fiir cnnnal I
nicnt was still her changeless wish and uiialtrrablt iiu, L
imse. Hut the words : " If Mrs. Tlirale should liapiiH, i,, I
lie pleased with it," made her ashamed to ilcnuir; and ^^ \
could only reply that, u|ion such a stipulation, slu' „, I
no risk of confidence, for Mrs. Thralc was no |iurlii| pr. I
lative. She liesought him, however, not to betray litr to I
Mr Crisp, whom slio dreaded as a critic as much aa tin I
loved as a friend. I
He laughed at her fright, yet forbore agitating hrr in.!
prehensive spirits by pressing, at thot moment, any sti
nipt disclosure ; and having gained l-'s inimedi,nli' iKiim
with regard to Mrs. Thralc, li« drove olf eagerly and ii
stantly to Streatham.
And his eagerness there received no check ; lip (Iriings
not only Mrs. Tlirale, hut her daughter, and sumlry \m:\
ors, so occupied \' Evelina, that s<inie quotation i'roiiiiil
was apro|ios to wljjiever was said or done.
An enquiry was promptly made, whether Mff. (IkJ.]
inonileley had yet liiund out the author of Dvi Una '.
" liecause," said Mrs. Thralc, " I long to know hjin ul'iiil
lliingH."
The htm prwhiecd a smile that, as soon as llicv «irt|
alone, elicited an explanation ; and the kind ci\ililiViili|J
ensued may easily lie conceived.
livery woid of them wis forwarded to ClK>in)tlnn ht|
the imrticipating sisters, as so many salutary iiicili(ii»;,
they said, for returning health and strength. And, ii|iit4|
ly after, they wire followed by a prescriptinn of the mikI
character, so |mteiit, so sii|icrlative, as to lake |ilare,.
all other mental medicines.
This was conveyed in a iHicket from Sii>,.nna, r™.|
taining the ensuing letter from Mrs. Thrale to Dr. Ilur.l
ney ; written two days after she had put the first vdumtl
of Evelina into her coach, us Dr. Jnlnison was quilliiJ
Streatham for n day's residence in llolt Court.
"Dear Dr. Hurney, — Doctor Johnson returned Imn
last night full of the praises of the book I had linl li;i:
protesting IliiTe were passages in it that iniglil ilolinnm:r|
to Richardson. We talk of it for ever; and lie, DikmI
Johnson, feels ardent after the denoueiiiciil. lit tm
nol frrl rut nf thr Uiiguc '. he said. I tlien lent liini ijiel
second volume, which ho instantly read, and i», cug|
now, liusy with the third.
" You must lie more a philo«<iplicr, and less a failirrl
than I wish you, not to Is; ph'ased with this hllcr; mJ|
the giving such pleasure yields to nothing hut rrrfivm
it. I,(ing, my dear sir, may you live to enjny lln jisii
praises of your children ! And long may lliey live lol
deserve and delight such a parent!"
1'liis packet was ncconi|>anieil by intellignin', Ihil Sirl
Joshua Reynolds had lieeii fed while reading llii' lilllel
work, from refusing to quit it at table! and that Ixlmuo^l
Uurke had sat up a whole night to finish it:!! It «h|
aeeom|ianied, also, by a letter ft-om Dr. niirniy, llm >l-|
most dissolved the happy scribbler wllli limeliini! ili litlilJ
liy its avowal of his ineream'il approliatinii iqion a mwkII
reading ; " Thou has made," he says, " thy iilil lill« J
laugh and cry at thy pleasure I never yrl \w\ti i
a novel writer's statue;* — yet who knows'— nbowilll
things, then, take care of thy head, for if that ihoidd Ixil
nt all turned out of its place by all intnTirallng mimaT
what sort of figure woiildst Uinu cut U|kiii a indolil '
I'rrnt >/ him narilr ,"'
This playful goodness, with thr woiidroun nf «• ilall
Doeliir Joliiisdii liliiiKclf had deigned to rniil llif lrtil«l
IsHik, so struck, so iiinrly liewildered the niillnir. lliil,!
seltcd wllli a fit of wild spirits, and not kneuini li<» ><|
aeeoiiiit lor the vivacity of her enioliiin ItiMr. ('ri»|i,'l»'|
darted out of the rixiiii in which she had trail dii' liilinr'l
MnUiniiig ten »
ind till! scribbler
Mf- IaiwiiiIcs wa:
I deal, the address
TO MR. O
iwl Ihc opening i
When ("liesijigl
piflcly chasoil aw
gry liaatened tliiti
lij|i|ilost B|ilrits.
them tilling his Ii
U brlBj} back to I
irconil, waa to tcl
Kierod friend of
Irii 10 ileiiiand he
ikjl d.iiigliter to i
■cnl, til .Mrs. Tin
.\ii aonner had
thi' turn f.iltlil'ul ol
(loirt where Dr. I
of ihlnfjs," and d
sliicli, tiir some
llill with quotatii
talk.
All thai liclongi
ol'ianll niiiineni,
fi|vTleiiei'il liy .M
hliiiii'iit was so pi
lint It all, till he I
ruiiiilnir all over I.
rthr l)r. Johiiso
bu |»iwers of s|k
poeral variety ol
tat •• VViinilerful !"
• bir Waller 8cotl wh Uitn a clitU.
MEUUIKSOF DR. BURNEY.
373
lie told her that W. |
lie gauiillot at Siteji.
r Icuvo, if Sirs, "iiinij
it, to let liir into ih, |
iffrightcd ; f..r cr.nf,,,!.
Ii Biiil uiialtrralilc |iur.
'Iirnio shoulil hapgirri lo
mcd tnilrniiir; nniidjtl
a Htipululioii, kIic sjt I
iralo wan no |«rlii| tt, I
er, nottobclrajhiti.il
1 critic as much a> Ak
rborc SRitaling licrip.!
that rnonii'tit, any A I
;d !•'« Imiiii'diak|j<,ini|
ove oir eagerly oiiilin.f
'., as soon in Ihry wml
Ithe kind ci\llitiittlutl
irdi'd lo ("lii'sinKton ktl
iny Balnlary iiicdidm^J
Utrenijlh. And.surdJ
ireneriptinn cil° Ihc uiiiel
re, us lu take |>lm ,M
et from S,i>,.nin, m.l
TH, Thrair lo Dr. Ilurj
lad put till' fimt n.lumtl
. Jiihnsoii wan iiuiUiLn
I llollt'oiirl.
uliiiroii rctiirnril Iii4ne|
e hook I hud Iciil li:i
it that ini|rht dohnm
r ever; and hi', l)(Hi'r
L'nflueiiu'iit. lit rnl
I tliin lent liliii iIkI
lly read, and it, unl
plier, and len a fallirrl
d with (hi* lillrr; in
n(ithiii|r lint rrrnvmH
live lo ciijiiy llicjiiilj
long may ihcy live li
itt
y inlelli|!rnri-, lliil Sri
vliile readiii); llii' lillltl
hie ! and llial Biliiiun^l
lo finiiih ii::i III
in l>r. Ihirmv, llialill
' with liiiichini! iMicHI
'dliiilioii u|ioiin ifi-onl
iMiyti, " Ihy oiil i'i\M
. I nrvtr yet iH'inl f
iho knimii'— ntniiri'illl
I, for if thai ulimilcl l«|
II intotiraliiie «urfr»,|
rut U|ion a |<i'd('>lil ' F
c wondrous nc«'p ihill
iipi! Ill read llif liii'<|
lirril till' niilhiir. Ihii,|
id mil kiioH in; liii« <)|
iniiiinloMr. Cri*!!.'''!
II' liiiil ri'ail llii' li>li<ir*l
bi llii ■<i<l<'> 'o '^ sniall lawn huforc the window, where
^( danecd, li|;htl^, blithely, gaily, around a hiriro old
luullnrry tree, aa uiipulnively and airily ns nhe hail often
ii.i«c ia lii'r days of adolescence : and Mr. Crisp, tliounh
Ik Lioked on with some surprise, wore a niiiilc of the
jgnst expressive kiiidneas, that accmed rejoicing in the
iiiiUcn resumption of that buoyant iipirit of sprineinfr
friiciu, which, in her first visits to Lilierty Hall — Che-
unct/in,— had made the niulbcrry-trcc the favourite site
of liorjuveniln vagaries.
Dr. Iliirney sunt, also, a packet from Mr. Tiowndcs,
cwUining tin sets of Kvclina very handsomely IkiiiikI :
ind the ycribhler had the extreme satisfaction to sec that
Vr. Iiowniles was still in the dark as to his corres|ion-
dciil, tlic address being the same as the last : —
TO MR. QRAFTON, ORAN'OK COFFEK IIOUSR,
iiul llic opening of tlic letter still being, Sir.
W'licn Clicsuigton air, kindness, and freedom, had com-
pliU'ly chased away every symptom of disease. Dr. Hur-
orv liastciird thither himacit ; and arrived in the highest,
ht|i|iirst spirits. Ho had three objects in view, each of
thi'ui lilliiiK his lively heart with gay ideas; the first was
to briag back to his own roof his restored daughter ; the
iKond, was to tell a laughable tale of wonder to the most
rcieroil friend of l>ot i, for which he had previously writ-
li'ii lo demand her consent : and the third, was to carry
lliil dau;rliter to Streatham, and present her, by apjioint-
Bciil, III Mrs. Thrale, ond — to Dr. Johnson !
No ioniu'r had the doctor reached Lilierty Hull, than
iho two lailhliil old friends were shut up in the tonjuring
tluti where Dr. Iturney rushed at onec into " the midst
ol' ihiaeK," and disclosed the autliiir of the lilllr work
irbicli, t'lir some weeks past, hud occupied Chesiiiglon
||.dl villi quotations, conjectures, and subject matter of
uik.
All Ilia' lielongs, or all that ever can iH'Iong, in matters
uf iiiiall iiioincnl, to amazeincnt, is short of what was
rip'rii'iici'd liy .Mr. Crisp at this rreital : and his aston-
hliaii'iit K'as so prmligious not to have heard of her wri-
lui( It all, till he. heard of it in a printed work that was
[Uiiriiiii; all over I<niidon, and had Ikm'U read and approved
ol'hy l)r. Johnson and Udmund Ilurke; that, with all
ki jiowors of s|ioecli, his choice of language, and his
parral variety of expression, lie could uticr no phrase
W " Wonderful I" — which burst forth at once on the
itiKovcry ; accoinpaniod each nf its details and uaa still
thi' Hilly vent to the fulness of his surprise when ho had
bnrd llie whole history.
Tliol she had consulted neither of these parents in this
nui;ular undertaking, diverted tlicm Itoth : well they
knew that no distrust had caused the concealment, hut
iim{ily an apprehension of utter insuflieicncy lo merit
Uifir iiiiTragi'.
What a dn^am did all this seem to this memorialist !
Tlie tear, however, of a reverse, cheeked all tliat might
hiu' ri'iiilered it too delusive ; and she oariiestly siippli-
rjtcd that the eoniniunication might bo spread no further,
Ini it should precipitate a spirit of criticism, which re
tirt'iiiriit and mystery kept durmaiit : and which madi
til iiir wishes still iinaltcrablo for remaining uiiknov\'ii
mil unsiiHiieeted.
Tlir {mpiilarily of this work did not render it very lu-
rrillvi'; ten |Niuiids a volume, by the addition of ten
pniiaiU til the original twenty, aAer the third edition,
biini! nil that was ever |>aid, or ever offered lo the author
•hoM' iiiiatTi'rtedly humble idea of its worth had east
hrr, iiiicoiiditionally, uimn any terms that might Ihi ; .o-
pruPll.
Mr. Hiirney, enchanted at Iho new scene of life lo
•liiili ho was now carrying his daughter, of an iiitro-
ilui'liiin lo Streatham, and a presentation to Dr. Johnson,
Icnikaniiiiili'ordial leave of therongratulatory .Mr. Crisp
who iil|;hi'il, nevertheless, in the midst of his satisl'aetinn
fiiini • prnphi'tie antici|iatiiin nf Iho proliable and sun-
liriini; calls tVniii his iHiaepfiil Imbitation, of wliieli In
UmukIiI thin new scene likely to bo the result, liiit tin
nbjn'l of this kind solieitiiue, far from |wrtlcipiiting in
llioiii' fears, was eiirlird fl'oin thn fill! enjoyment of the
Ikmoiirs k'fiire her, by n well.grnundeil opprehenaion thai
I'r. Johnson, at least. If not Mrs. Thrale, might expi'i't a
mnri' iiii|Hirtaiil, and less bashnit sort of |M'rsonage, than
•III" »-o» sure would lie found.
Or. Ilnrncy, aware of her dre.id, U'eaiiso aware of liei
rrlired llii' and liahils, and her native taste fiir |N'rsonal
(itucurily, strove to laugh oil" her niipielienaioiis by dis-
tlli>wiii|[ their justice I and was himsidf all gaiety and
•piril
Mri. Thrale, who was walking in her |>addnck, eame
tnlhe door nf the carriage to n-eeive Iheni ; and |)oiired
M\ > iivacily of thanks to the doctor lor bringing his
daughter, that filled that daughter witli the most agreea-
hli' gratitude ; and soon made her so easy and ciiintijrt-
aldr, lli.it she liir;riit the foriniiluble renown of wit and
satire tliut were coupled with the iiaiiie of Mrs. 'ri.ralr ;
and the whole weight of her panic, os well as the whole
energy of her hopes, devolved upon the approaching in-
terview with Dr. Johnson.
Hut there, on the controry, Dr. Burney felt far greater
security. Dr. Johnson, however undesignedly, nay, iii-
volunliirily, hud been the cause of the new author's invi-
tation to Streathiin, for lieing the first |icrsoii who there
had pronouneed the name of Kvelina; and that previously
to the discovery that its unknown writer was the daugh-
ter of a man whose early enthusiasm for Dr. Johnson
had merited his warm acknowledgments; and whose
character and conversation had since won his esteem and
friendship. Dr. Duriiey therefore prognosticated, that
siieh a eircunistancc could not but strike tlio vivid ima-
gination of Dr. Johnson us a romance of real life; and
aitditionally interest bim fiir the unobtrusive author of
the little work, which, wholly by chance, ho had so singu-
larly helped lo bring forward.
The curiosity of Dr. Johnson, however, tliough cer-
tainly excited, was by no means so powerful as to allure
him from his chambi;rone moment U^fore his customary
lime of desceniliiig to dinner; and the new author hud
three or four hours to pass in constantly augmenting
trepidation : fiir the |iros|H>ct of seeing him, which so
short a time liefiire would have sutlieed for her delight,
was now chi'i|uered by the ciinsciousness that she could
not, as heretoliire, lie in his presence only for her own
gratification, williout any reciprocity of notice.
She was introilmi'd, meanwhile, to Mr. 'I'hrale, whose
reception of her was ^I'liUemanUke; and such as showed
his belief in the vc^rily of her desire to have her author-
ship unmarked.
She s.iw also Miss Thrale, then barely entered into
ailoleseiMice, tiiongh full of sense and cultivated talents ;
but as shy as lierself, and con8ei|uently as little likely to
create alarm.
One visiter only was at the house, Mr. Seward, after-
warils author ol Uiugraphiana ; a singular, but very
agreeable, literary, and lieneficent young man.
The morning was passed in the library, and, to the
doctor and his daiigliter, was passed deliciously ; Mrs.
'I'hrale, much amused by the presence nf two (lersons so
iieriiliarly situated, put forth her utmost powers of pleas-
ing; and though that great engine to success, fiattery,
was not s|»rcd, she wielded it with *n much skill, and
direetefl it with so much pleasantry, tliat all disconcert-
ing efi'eets were chased aside, lo make it only produce
laughter and good humour; through which gay auxilia-
ries every trait meant, latently, fiir the fearful daughter,
was o|M-nly and pliimply addrcssetl tvlhe happy father.
" I wish you had Ix-en with us last night, Dr. Ilurney,"
she said ; " for thinking nf whot would hapix^n to.day,
we could talk of nothing in the world but a certain sweet
book ; and Dr. Johnson was so full of it, that lie quite
astonished us. He has got those incomparable Oraiig-
tons quite by heart, and no recited scene aAer scene of
their siiiialihles. and selfishness, and fiirwardness, till he
miile shook his sides with laughter. Itiit his greatest
luvoiirite is The Hollmurn Iteaii, as ho calls Mr. Smith.
Sneh a fine varnish, he says, of low politeness ! such
struggles to ap|N'ar the fine gentleman ! such a determi
nation lo lie genteel ! and, aliove all, sueh profound devo-
tion to the ladies, — while o|M'nly declaring his distaste to
matrimony i" All this Mr. Johnson iioinlcd out
with so inurh eomieolily of sport, thai, at last, he got
into such high spirits, that he art about |H'rsonating Mr.
Smith himself! We nil thought we must hove died no
other death than that of siifi'ucalion, in seeing Dr. Jnhii-
son handing oIhiiiI anything he could ralrh, or snaleh nl,
and making smirking Ihiivs, saying he was nil for Mr
lailiiiif — frfri/ Iking thai mkik affrtrahir lo the Imlitii, At.
&e. \e., 'exeepl,' says he, 'going to church with thrni !
and as lo thai, thoiigli marriage, to be sure, is all in all
to the liulii's, marriage lo a man — is the devil !' And
then he pursued his |N'rsonifiealions of his Hollmurn
H<<au, till he brought him to what Mr. Johnson rails his
I'limax; which is his meeting with Sir Ch-inent Wil.
liiiighby nl Madame Duval's, where u hhivv is given at
oiire III hissell'-sullieienry, liy the surprise and eonfuaion
of si-i'ing hinisi'lf so di«taneed ; and the hii|N'less envy
with wliieli be liMiks up to Sir Cleiiieiii, as to a meteor
sill !i ns he himsilf had hitherto Imi ' liKiked up to at
Snow Hill, that give a finishing Inurli to his |Hirtrail.
.And nil this eniiiie humour of character, lio says, owes
its ellVet to contrast ; for without l.<ird Drvith', and Mr.
Villars, and that melancholy and gentleman-like half-
starved Seolrliiiinn, |KMr Macartney, the Urangtons, and
the Duvals, would be less than nothing ; fiir vulgarity,
in its own unshadowed glare, is only di.^giisling."
This aeeiiiiiil is aliridgid from u inn;; jnurnnl h tier of
the Memorialist, addressed to Mr. Crisp; hut slie will
hazard copying more at length, from the suiiie source,
the oiiginul narration of her sulisequeiit intriHluetion to
the notice of Ur. Jolinson; as it may not lie incurious lo
'■e reader, to sec that great man in the uiieomnion light
nf courteously, nay playfully, siibduin;> the fears, and
raising the courage, of ii newly discovered, hut yet iina-
vowed young author, by unexiKitcd sallies and |Hiiiited
allusions to characters in her work ; nut as lo licings that
were the prmluet of her imagination, but as jiersons of
his own acquaintance, and in real lil'e.
TO SA.Ml'EL CRISr, ESQ. CIIESI.NOTON, KINGSTON, SVRRKV.
• » • • ■ •
" Well, when, at last, wc were summoned to dinner,
Mrs. Thrale made my father and myself sit on each side
f her. I said, 1 ho|ied I did lint tiiUc the place of l>r.
Johnson { tor, to my great eonsternalion, he did nut even
yet apjiear, and I began to nppri lieiid lie meant to ab-
scond. ' No,' answered Mrs. 'I'hrale ; ' he will sit next lo
you, — and that, I am sure, will give him great pleasure.'
Smm after wc were all marshalled, the great man I'li-
lered. I have so sincere a veneration fiir him, that his
very sight inspires mc with delight as well as reverence,
notwithstanding the cruel infirmities to which, ns I have
told yon, he is subject. Dul all that, outwardly, is so un-
fortunate, is so nobly coin|H:iisated by all that, w ithin, is
excelling, that I can now only, like Desdeinona fiir Othel-
lo, * view his image in his mind.'
" Mrs. Thrale introduced nic to him with an emphasis
u|ion my name that rather triglitined me, fiir it seemed
like a call fiir some compliment. Iiul he made me a Ikiw
the most formal, almost solemn, in utter siliiiee, and with
his cyi's lient downwards. I felt relieved by this ilislaiiee,
or I thought he had fiirgntten, tiir the present at least,
ImjIIi the fuvnured little htmk and the iiivilid serilihler ;
and 1 therefore began to answer the |K'r|M'tiial addresses
to mc of Mrs. Thrale, with rather more ease. Hut by
the time I was lliiis reeovered from my panic. Dr. John-
son asked my father what was the enni|Hisilii>n of some
liltle pies on his side of the table ; and, while my father
was endeavouring to make it out, Mrs. Thrale sahi,
' Nothing but mutton, Mr. Johnson, so I don't ask you to
eat sueh )ioor putties, iH'cause I know you despise lliem.'
"'No, madam, no!' cried Doctor Johnson, 'I despise
nothing that is good of its sort. Hut I am too proud
now, [smiling] lo cat imitlon pics ! Sitting by Miss ilur-
ney mokes nie very proud to-doy.'
>* If you had seen, my deor .Mr. Crisp, how wide I fi;lt
my cycso|ien! — .\ eonipliment from Doctor Johnson !
"'.Miss Ilurney,' cried Mrs. Thrale, laughing, 'you
must take great care of your heart, if Mr. Johnson at-
tacks it — for I assure you he is not often sueeessliss !'
"'What's that you say, madam ?' cried the doctor ;
'arc you making inischief between the young lady and
me already ('
"A little while afterwords, he drank Miss Thrale's
health and mine together, in a huiii|ier nf lemonade ; and
then added : ' It is a terrible thing that we cannot wish
young Indies lu bo well, without wishing them to become
old women !'
"'if the pleasures of longevity were not gradiinl,' said
my fiilher; ' If we were to light u|hiii them by a jump nr
u skip, wc should he cruelly at a loss how to give tlieni
welcome !'
"'Hut some people,' said Mr. Soward, 'are young and
old at the same lime ; fur tiM'y wear so well, tliat tliey
never look old.'
" 'No, sir, no!' cried the dorlor; 'that never yet was,
and never will Im- ! You might ns well say they were
at the same lime toll and short. 1'liougli 1 recollect on
epitaph, — I forget u|ion whom, to tbnt pur|Hise.
" 'Miss such a one — lies buried here,
So enrly wise, nnd lasting fair,
That none, unless her years you told.
Thought her a child — or thought hrr old.*
" My father then mentioned Mr. (iarriik's oiiihynn bi
n<induea, which Dr. Johnson called a iiiiwraiib' |N'rfiirm-
niiee; and wbieli every Isiily agneil lo In> llie worst Ihot
Mr. Oarriek had ever wriltiii. 'And yet,' said Mr. Se-
ward, * it hns Ikcii very inuoh admired. Hut it is in
praise of Knglish vnliiur, niiri so, i aupposr, tlie subjiet
innde it (Mipulnr.'
"'I do not know, sir,' snid Dr. Johnson, ' nny thing
niMiul Ihe siibjeel, fiir I could mil rend till I came to nny.
I got through uImiiiI half n diwui lines ; but for subjrel,
I could oliKrvc no otiicr than prriivlual duliicH. I Uu
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374
MICMUIKS OF UIU ItrUMOY.
.,„ Hh >.
t% :"
not know what is tlif iimttor with I'avid. I uni nlraid
tic is iH'Coining su|icraiiiiiiuto(l ; t'ur Ilia prologues ami
cpiln|;iiC8 ii!>«||l to Ik; incoiii|i;iral>If.'
" Nothing is so liitigiiiiiir," siiitl Mrs, Thralc, " »» the
lift- of a wil. (i.nrricli aiui Wilkes nro llic oldest men oC
their age that 1 know ; for they have both worn tlu'ni-
selves out prematurely by being clernally on tlic rack to
entertain others."
" David, nindnni," said the lioelor, " looks nnieh older
than he is, lieeausc his faee has had double the business
of any other man's. It is never at rest ! When he
Kpenki one niiniile, ho has <iuite a dillercut countenance
to that which he assumes the next 1 do not lulieve he
ever kept tile same look lor half an hour together in tlie
whole course of his lile. And such a |K'ri)ttuaI Jilay of
the imisrles must certainly wear a man's fauo out before
his limi-." ■
Wliilu I was cordially laughing at this idea, the doctor,
who had prob:<lily obserTed in mo some litllo uncusy
trepidation, and now, I sup|H)se, concluded uie restored
to my usml stite, suddenly, though very ceremoniously,
ns if to liegin smiic acquaintaiu'C with me, rc()uestcd that
I would help him to sonic broeoli. This 1 did; but when
he took it, lie put'on a t'aec of humorous discontent, and
said, ' ( >nly Mij, madam ? — You would not have lR'li>ed
Mr. Macartney so parsimoniously 1'
He nlFoetedto utter this in a whis|>or ; but to 8cc him
directly address me, eauglit tlic attention of all the table,
and every one smiled, though in silence; while I lilt so
Furprisetl and so foolish, so ploosvd and so ashamed, that
I hardly knew whether ho meant .-.(y Mr. Macartney, or
sjuike nt rami na of some other. Tiiis, however, he soon
put beymd nil iloubl, by very coinixisedly adding, while
cnnlcmptimu^ly rr;r,irdiag my imputed parsimony on his
pl.ile ; " A[r. Macartney, it is true, might have most
claim to liln'ralily, |ioor fellow 1 — for liow, as 'J'om
Hrangton shreudly remarks, should he ever have known
what a gooil dinner wa.s, if lie had never come tr
ICnjIand I"
IVrceivinj-, I suppose — (or it could not be very dilTicult
to discern — the cnrnmolion into which tliis explicalion
put me ; and the stilled disposition to a contagious laugh,
which was suppressed, not to add to my cnibarraKsment ;
he quickly, but quietly, went en Ij) a general discourse
iijion Seotlnnd, deseri|>tive and polUical ; but without
point or satire — though 1 cannot, my dear .Mr. t'risp,
give you one word of it : not litTause 1 have forgotten
it — for there is no remeniliering what we have never
heard ; but Is-e lusc 1 could only gel irally gather the
subject. I could not listen to it. [ wa-i so confused and
jMTliirlx'd Islween pleasure and vexation — pleasure,
indeed, in the approvanee of Dr. Johnson ! but vexation,
and great vexation to find, by the conscious smirks of
all around, tliat I was Ix'trayeil lo the whole parly .' while
I had only Cfinscnted tocontiding in Mrs. 'I'hrale : all, no
doubt, from a inislakcn notion that I hod merely meant
to feel the pulse of the public, .and to avow, or to conceal
myself, according to its beatings: whin heaven knows
— and you, my dear Mr. t"risp, know, thai I had not tlic
most distant pur|)ohe of braving publicity, under success,
any more than under failure.
From S<-olliiiid, the talk fell, but I cannot tell how,
upon some friend of Dr. Johnson, of whom I did not
caleli the n;iiiie ; so I will call hiin Air. 'I'hrec • • • ; of
whom .Mr. .Seward related somu burlesque aiiecdoles,
from which .Mr. • • • was warmly vindicated by the
doctor.
" Ifc'ller sav no more, Mr. Seward," cried Mrs.
Tlirale, "for \lr. • * • is one of the iktsoiih that Mr.
Johnstm will sutfer no one to abuse but himself! (iar-
nek ii anolher: for if any creature but himself says a
word against (iarriuk — Mr. Johnson will brow-beat liini
in a monient."
" Why, madam, as to David," answered the doctor,
very calmly, " it is only lieeausc they do not know when
III abuse anil when tii praivu him ; and 1 will allow no
man lo s|M'ak any ill ol David, that he does not deserve.
As to • • *,— why really I lielievc liiin lo be un Imnest
man, too, at the I ittoni. lint, lo In' sure, he is rather
|M'nurious: and he is somewhut iiieaii ; and it mu>l Ih'
owned he has some degree of liriitalily ; and is not willi-
out a ti'iidcney to savagcncss, that cannot well bo de.
li-nilnl."
We all laughed, as he could not help doing himself, at
such a curious inoalo of taking up hii frienirs juslilii's-
tion. And ho then related a Irait of anolher friend who
had belonged to some club* that the doctor frequented,
• The editor at the date of this jelter knew not thai
Iho club tn which Dr. Johnson alluded, was that which
WBi dsnoulntled Ins own, --or The Literary Club.
who, aller the fir.4 or second night of his admission, de-
sired, as he cat no supper, to be excused paying his
share for the collation.
" And was he excused, sir ?" cried my father.
" Yes, sir ; and very readily. iSo man is angfy with
another for biiiig inferior to himself. Wo all admitled
his plea piililiely — for the grutificution of scorning him
privately ! For my own part, 1 was IikiI enough to con-
stantly pay my share for llic wine, which I never tasted.
Hut my poor tiicnd Sir John, it cannot well be denied,
was but an unelubbable man."
How delighted was I tn hear this master of languages,
this awful, tins dreaded Lexiphaiies, thus sportively and
gaily coin burlesque words in social comicality !
1 don't know whether he deigned to watch nie, hut I
caught a glance of his eye that seemed to show pleasure
n perceiving my snrpri.sc and diverbiuii, for with in-
creased gli e of manner he proceeded.
" This reminds iiic of a gentlenian and lady with
whom I once travelled. I suppose I must call them
gentleman and lady, according to form, because lliey
travelled in their own coach and four horses. Uut, at the
first inn where wo Btopp|M.'d to water the cattle, the lady
called to a waiter for — a pint of ale ! And, when it
caino, sho would not taste it, till she had wrangled with
the man for not bringing her fuller measure ! Now —
.Madame Duval could not have done a grosser thing !"
A sympathclic sim|K'r now ran from mouth to luoiitii,
save to mine, and to that of Dr. Johnson; who gravely
pretended to pass olf what ho had said as if it were a
merely accideiitnl reminiscence of some vulgar old au-
(piaiutiincc of his own. And this, as undoubteiUy, and
most kindly, ho projected, prevented any sort of answer
that might have made the book a subject of general dis-
course. And presently allerwards he started sonic other
liipic, which he addressed ehielly to !Mr. Tlirale. Hut if
y*j o.x|icct nie to tell you what it was, you think far
more grandly of my isiwcrs of attention witliout, when
all within is in a whirl, than I deserve !
He it, howrver, what it iiiij;lil, the next time thcro was
a pause, we all observed a sudden play of the muscles in
the countenance of the doctor, that showed him to be
se<Telly enjoying some ludicrous idea: and accordingly,
a niinuto or two after, he pursed up his mouth, and, in
an assumed pert, yet tcmininc accent, while he tossed up
his head to express wonder, he alTeetedly minced out,
" I.a, I'olly ! — only think! Miss has danced with a Lord!"
This was resistless to the whole set, and a general,
though a gentle laugh, became now infeclious; in which,
I must needs own to you, I could nol, witli all my em-
barrassment, and all my shame, and all my unwillingness
to denionstraln my consciou.sness, help being caught —
so ludescrihably ludicrous and iinex[irctcd was a mimicry
of Miss iiiddy Ilrangton from Dr. Johnson !
The doctor, however, with a refincinent of delicacy of
which I have Ihe deepest sense, never once cast his eyes
my way during these comic traits; though those of every
lioily else in tli<> company had scarci^ly for a inoniciit
any other direction.
Hut imagine my relief and my pleasure, in playfulness
such as this from Ihe great literary leviathan, whom I
had dread( (I almost as much as I had honoured ! How
far woB I of dreaming of such sportive condescension I
He clearly wished to draw the little snail from her cell,
and, when once she was out, not to frighten her luck,
lie seems tu understand my fU«rra/i(iM — as someone
has called my not liking to be set up for a sign post —
with more leniency than any bo<ly else."
• • * • • e •
This long article of lOvelina will lie closed by copying
a brief one ii|hiii the same subject, written tVoni memory,
by Dr. Huriiey, so late in his life as the year ItiUti.
Lnjntd from a Mimoi andum-book nf Pr. Uurnty, xcrillen
ill Mr niar llrlUH, ui lliith.
"The lilerary history of my seconil daughter, Fanny,
now Madame d'Arblay, is singular. She was wholly
unnoticed in the nursery for any talents, or quickness of
study; indeed, at eight years old she did not know her
letters ; and liiT brother, Urn tar, who in his ImyliiHHl had
1 natural genius (or hoaxing, used lo prelend to teach
her to read ; and gave her a honk topsy-turvy, which he
said sho never found out ! She had, however, a great
deal nf invenlion and humour in her childish sports;
and Used, aOer having seen a play in Mrs. (jarrick's box,
lo lake the nclors oil', and eoinpose s|iceclirM lor their
characters ; for sho eoiiM not read Ihein. Hut in com-
prnv, or Ix-forc strangers, she waa silent, backward, and
timid, even to shccpishness : and, IVom her shyness, had
such profound gravity and coni|ioauro of features, that
tluwu of my Oicnds wliii caniu ulUiii lo my house, and
entered into Ihe dilVeren* hunicnrs of the children, min |
called Fanny by anv other name, ('rom the liniu tin |,^^
reached her devrnlh year, than the Old I.ndy.
"Her first work, F.velina, was written by slcnlil,, ;„, i
closet up two pair of stairs, that was approprialid lo'l
younger children as a play room. No one wo, |, i j,,,^ .
ihe feci el but my tliiril daughter, a(\crward» .Mrs. ri]i||||,
though even to" her it wos never read till printid, ftoni
want of private opportunity. To me, ncvertlii-li.ni, t|,c
confidentially owned that she was going, throujrl, i,,, i
brother Charles, to print u lidlc work, lint she IiprjujI,,
me never to ask to si'C it I laughed at her plan, bw I
promised silent aequieKcence ; ond the book iiad 1«„ I
six months published before I even heard its naiiio;
which I learnt at last without her knowledge. ItuI jruil I
indeed, was then my snrpiise, lo find that It hu« ml
general reading, and eonimended in no common iiiaiinif I
in the several reviews of the times. Of this fhr «u I
unncquuinled herself, us she was then ill, and in t|,(
country. When I knew itslillc, 1 coimiiissiomd onpoi'
her eisters to procure it for me privately. 1 opiiuililic
first tiiluuie with fear and trembling; nol having the
least idea that, without the use of the press, or any put.
tical knowledge of the world, she could write a book
worth reading. The dedication to myself, lio»ucr. I
brought tears into my eyes; and before I had rend half I
the first Tolnmc I was much surprised, and, I conlisi,
delighted; and most especially with the lellcrs of .MrJ
Villars. She had always had a great olTeclion forme;
had an excellent heart, and a natural siinpliciiy and I
probity about her that wanted no leaching. In fe, I
plays with her sisters, and some neighlmurs' children,
this straightforward morality o|K'rated to an uiicoinnioii
degree in one so yonng. Tlicrc lived next door to mc, l
at that lime, in Toland street, and in a private homo, i I
capital hair merchant, who furnished perriiqurs to tht I
judges, and gentlemen of the law. I'hc nierclunl'i I
female children and mine used to play togctlicr in die I
little garden iK'hind the house; and, unfortuiialcly, ui» I
day, the door of the wig magazine being left open, ihoy [
each of them put on one of those dignilied ornaiiinilsofl
the head, and danced and jumped about in a tlmasanii f
antics, laughing till Ihcy screamed at their own ridiculnui
figures. Unfortunatily, in their vagaries, one of tli» I
flaxen wigs, said by the proprietor to be worth upwards I
of ten guineas — in those days a price enormous— fill I
into a tub of water, placed for the shrubs in the liiilc I
garden, and lost all its gorgon buckle, and was dcrlarcj I
by the owner to lie totally spoilt. He wa:- exlrimilj
angry, anil chid very severely his own children ; wkn I
my little daughter, the old laciy, then ten years of ap, I
advancing to him, as I was inlonned, wilh great pravilv I
and comiiosurc, sedately says ; ' What signifies lalkinj I
so much about an accident ? The wig is wet, lo be I
sure ; and the wig was a good wig, to be sure ; but it'i of [
no use to 8|M'ak nf it any more ; because what's done |
can't lie undone.'
"Whether these stoical scnilmentsappcased the rnrnpil |
Iierruquier, I know nol, but Ihe younkcrs were stripl of
their honours, and my little monkies were obliged lore
treat without beat of drum, or colours flying."
BTnEATIIAM.
From the very day of this happy inaiigurolion of hii
daughter at Streatham, tlic doctor had the parcnul
gralificatioli of seeing her as (latteriiigly greeted tlicrr u
himself. Su vivacious, indeed, was the |Mirtiallly lotvardi
her of its inhabitants, that Ihcy pressed him to make
over to them all the time he could sjiarc her IVnni \\ft
home ; and appropriated an a|>arlnieiil as snendlv lu'
her use, when she could occupy it, ns another, far moif
deservedly, though not more coriliallv, had ninny yean I
previously, ln'cn held sacred liir Dr. /ulinson.
The social kindness for Imlli father niiil daiightrr, of I
Mrs. Tlirale, was of the most endearing naliire ; Irumirf,
eoiifidenlial, aft'ectionate, .She had a sweetness of inatimi, |
and an Bctivily of ■ervic'u for those she loved, that rould
ill be appreciated by others; for though copiously flat.
tering in her ordinary address tn strangers, brciiiie j
always desirous of universal suH'rage, she »|Hj|ie nl' m
dividuals in general wilh sarcasm ; and of the world it
large wilh sovereign eiinlempt.
Highly, however, not malignant, was her strniiii:
ond ludicrous more (Veqiiently than seornfiil, licr em
tempt. She wished no one ill. 8he would hare duM
any one gisxl ; but she could put no rcslrnlnt upon sil
that led lo a brilliant point, or that was prwiurlivrof
laughing admiration : though her epigram oner \m-
nounccil, she thought nellhrr of that nor pf its nbiwl any
inure ; and was juat m willing to ba iVicndi wilti • pet-
MKiioiifs or nv. BvnyKV.
37r.
rUicchildrrii, iin>, I
iin till- liniu ^1|, I,.
[M I,a<ly.
^Ii'n by Kiriilil,, i„j]
'_»|>lir.>|.riaUdio1;t
No om- was Id j|,,„
warilHMr».ri„|;i|,
U till printed, fro„,
i; ncvirthfliH, »|,e i
eoinp, Ihroii).), i,,,
K, l)Hl ulir bpniUfj,!
icU Bt her plan, Ian |
tlic honk imd Idn
n lirnrii its Manic;
'wlcilpo. Dm j„ ji'
fmd tliiit it uu, ,„' [
no roininijii iKaniur
. or tills the ,u
Ihen ill, nml in U.c
^oiniiiisiiioiKd mic ofl
ulely. I o|)(iudi|ie|
iiKi not lioviiii; iht
c press, or any pnc. I
could write a Ux)k
,n my sell", lio«ncr, L
■fore I Imil rcadlulfl
iscd, and, I coiiUm,
I the kllers of Mr.
at Direction for nic; I
iirnl siinplitily and I
teachinp. Ii, |,e,
L'ighbours' eliildr™,
eH to an uncoinnicin |
cd next doorlonif,
n a private hoiuo.il
led p«'rruqiirii to Iht
'. 1'hc niercluiif, I
piny togetlicr in il* I
, unfortunately, ons I
cinjf left open', ihfy
rnilicd ornamciiis (if
iboul in a thousinil I
their own ridieulnui I
ijrurics, one of thu I
he worth upwards
rice enorniouf— (ill
shrnliB in the liiile
I", and was ileelarcj
He wa.-: extremdj
vn ehildren ; wlicu
ten years of tp, I
with preat pravlly I
lat sifrnifles talking I
wi(T is wet, to be
Ih) sure ; hut it'n of
ccause what's done
pponfied the rnmfrd I
iikers were stript of |
were ohiigcd to re
flying."
inaufrurationofliii
had the pnrentjl [
({ly greeted lliorf u
|Nirliality loivaidi
fsed him lo niakf
h|)iire her iVoni li'i
lit as narredly f^r I
■ another, far iiioii'
liad ninny ytari
luhiiHon.
mill ilaii|rhtrr, of I
i;; iiiitiire ; trumin;, |
I iftneis of niainii', |
he loved, tlial eoold
Mirli eiipiiiurly flat.
Ktran|;en, beciUK |
, nIii- s|iukc of in-
nd of the world it
was her sirrgmii:
sporiifiil, her eon
would have done
reitraltil Ujinn ml
wii produetivrof I
piffrani onee prn-
Df of itsnbjPfl my
Vieiidi with I pel-
„,„ nliniii she had held up lo ridicule, as with one u hum
,;.. liul hiUmred to elevate hy pane|ryric.
Ilur !>pirits, ill fact, rather ruled than exhilarated her ;
,nd uvre rather her i;iiides than her Hiip|Kirt. Not tli,it
^ir u'a« a child of nature. She knew the world, and
nilv lxi.i-ited that she hid studied iiianliind in what she
cjiin' its luuat prominent Behnol.eh'ctioneeriii);. She
fi.«rath.T, therefore, from iior svofTorall coiiseiiuencen,
, rliilil of witty irrellection.
'I'he first name on the list of the Slreathain coterie at
thii lime, \va« that which, after Dr. Johnson's, was the
lint, also, in the nation, Hdniund Iturke. ]tut his vi.sits
now, from whatever cause, were «o rare, that Dr. lliiriiey
ni'nr saw him in the tStreithaiu constellation, save as
niakini; one ainonfrst the worthies whom the peiiei! of
Sir J.i'hiii iteynold.i had cau^rht from all mundane iiieaii-
diTMiirtJ, t(> place there as a fixed st ir.
.Veit ranked Sir Joshua licyiiolds himself, and .Mr.
(larrii'k.
|)r. (ioldsmith, who had been a peculiar favourite in
the w't, as much, |icrhap*, fur Win ahsurdities as for his
l^'iiius, was already k""*-' t thoiijrh still, and it may Ih^
I'miii this douhic luotiTe, continually inissed and re.
m'llcil: for what, in a chosen coterie, could he iiicire
iiiiuiiinL'i — many as arc thu thing's that ini);lit be more
edifvinir,— than gatlicrin); knowledfrc and orifriiial ideas
in one moment, front tho man who the next, by the
innplicity of Ilia CKotism, expanded every niuutli by tlie
inirrimeiit of ridicule ?
.Mrs. Montagu, Mrs. Doscowcn, Mrs. C'rewe, Iior<l
I/.u^'lilHiroujrli, .Mr. Dunning, Iiurd Mulgrave, Lord
WcKote, Sir Lucas and Mr. Pepyg, Major llolroyd,
Mrs. llinchelid'e, .Mrs. Portcous, Miss Streatfield, iMi,ss
lir.'irnry. Dr. Lort, the bishops of London and IVter.
Iiirougli (Porlcous and llinchclitfe,) with a loiifr rt ctctrra
of visiters less marked, tilled up the brilliant catalogue of
tkijiiritud associates of Streatham.
MR. junniv.
But the most intimate in the house, amongst the witr,
from being the {wrsonal favourite of Mr. 'I'hrale, was
Mr. Murphy ; who, for gaiety of spirits, powers ol
dramatic elfect, stories of strong humour and resistless
ri-iliilily, was nearly unequalled : and tliey were coupled
with pnhtencss of address, gentleness of speech, and
wcil.iired, almost courtly, demeanour.
He was a man of great erudition, without one particle
(if [irdaiitry ; and a stranger not only to spleen and ma-
Ictalcnce, but the happiest promoter of convivial hilarity
With what pleasure, and what pride, docs the editor
copy, from an ancient diary, the following words that
passi'd lietweeii Dr. Johnson uiid Mr. Murphy, relative
til Dr. ilurney, upon the first meeting of tlic editor with
.Mr. .Murphy at Streatham !
Mra. 'I'liralc was lamenting Uiu suditcn disiip|icarance
of Dr. Riirncy, who was Just gone to town siiHS u(/ii>ti ;
drcliring that he was the must complete m>le.coi|ucltu
the knew, for he only gave just enough of Ilia cuiii|>aiiy
lo make mure desired.
" Dr. Huriipy," said Mr. Murphy, " is, iiidcril, a most
I'ttraurilinary man, I think 1 do not know such aiidther.
Ilo it at home u|ion all subjects; and u|iou all is so
li>;liltr agreeable ! I look ujiun liiiii as a wonderful
nun."
" I liivo Burncy !" cried Dr. Johnson, omplmtically :
"ray heart, as I told him — goes out to meet Ituriiey I"
"Ilo ii not ungrateful, sir," cried tiie doctor's buirnc,
"for heartily indeed does ho love you !"
" Does he, madam /" said thu doctor, looking at her
ciramllv : " I am surprised at that !"
" AnJ why, sir ? — Why should you have doubted it 7"
" Ikeaiise, madam," answered ho gravely, " Dr. Burncy
i< I man fur every body lo lovo. It is but natural lo
love him .'■'
He paused, as if with an idea of a si<lf.conccivrd con-
tnul nut gratifying; hut ho soon cheerfully added, "1
i)<ir«tiiiii it there bo in the world such another man,
lilogrt'ier, for mind, intelligence, and manners, as Dr.
Burncy."
I)r. Johnson, at Otis time, was engaged in writing his
lives of tho imets ; a work, tu him, so light and easy,
lliil il never robbed his friends of one moment of III
liine that ho woidd oUicrwiso have spared lo lluir
•ocicty. Lives, howi^ver, strictly s|ieaking, they are tint ;
lic'inerely employed in them such materials, with res|N'rt
I » liiii|rra|i|iy, as he had already at hanil, without giving
liiiiiaelf any trnuhin in researcliea fer what might Ih-
new, or unknown ; though ho gladly accepted any that
«"c nlTered to him, if well auUientieatrd. Tho critirnl
iiivoaliniifliiH alone he considered as his business. He
liimwlr never named them but ns prefaces. No m.in
held in nobler ■corn a proinisv that uut-went |ierforni.
ee.
Tho ease and good humour with which he fulfilhd
this i'ii|,M)ri'iiU'nl, made the prescnl a iiioiiient |M'culiarly
propithiiH lor tho npeninr; acquaiiituncc with him of the
neiv, ami hy no iiii-ans very hurdeiied author ; for whose
Itrriirs of piililie notice he had a mercy the most indul-
ijLiit. He i|iiirkly saw that — whither wise or not— tliey
were true; and soothed them without raillery or repre-
iieiisiiin; though ill this he stooti nearly alone! ller
fears of him, therefiire, were soon softened otV by his
kindness; or ilis|H'll> li hy her admiration.
The liii'iidship with which so early he had honoured
the latin r, was Kditly and at onee, with nllll0^t niipiiriil-
li'led partiality, extendi d to the daUfilitir : and, in truth,
the wluile current of his intercourse with both was a^
iiiinitlUd hy storm as it was eiilijilitetud by wisdom.
While tins eliurming work was in its progress, when
only till' Tlirale faiiilly and itsneaily adupled guests, the
two Burneys, were assembled. Dr. Johnson would tie-
i|uently produce one of its proof sheets to eiiilM'lliali the
breakliist table, which was always in the library ; and
ivns, eortaiiily, the most uprightly and agreeable meeting
of the day ; for then, us no Btrangers were present to
stimulate e.vertion, or provoke rivalry, argument was not
urged on by tho mere spirit of victory ; it was instigated
only by such truisms fs could lic.st bring forth that con.
diet ol ;irii< and rohs which eliieidates op|Hisiug opinions.
Wit was not flashed with the keen sting of satire; yet
it eli( iled not less gaiety from sparkling with an uii.
wounding brilliancy, which brightened without intlaniiiig,
every eye, and charmed without lingliiig, every ear.
'I'liese proof sheets .Mrs. Tlirale was iiermitted to read
aloud : and the discussions to wliieh they led were in the
highest degree entertaining. Dr. Burncy wistfully de-
sired to posse«s one of them ; but left to Ins daughter tlie
risk of tiii^ [K'tition. A hint, however, proved sutlicient,
and was understood not alone with compliance, but viva
city. Bo.swell, Dr. Johnson said, had engaged b'rank
Barber, his negro servant, to colh'ct and preserve all lli<
proof sliecLs ; but though it had nut been without the
knowledge, it was without the order or the interference
of their author : to the present solicitor, therefore, wil-
lingly and without scruple, he now offered an entire lit'e ;
adding, with a Ixsiiignant smile, " choose your poet '."
Without scruple, also, was the acceptance; and, with-
out hi^sitation, the choice was I'ojic. .\iid that not mere-
ly because, next to Shakespeare himself', I'o|ie draws hu-
iiiim characters the most veridicaliy, |iurhaps, of any
|ioetic delineator ; but for yet anotlicr reason. Dr. John-
son coiniKMcd with so ready an accuracy, that he sent his
eojiy to the press unread ; reserving all his correctiiiiis
for the proof sheets :* and, consei|ueiitly, as not even Dr,
Johnson could read twice without ameliorating some
passages, his proof sheets were at tinics liberally marked
with changes; and, as thu Museum copy of Po|)c'h
'I'raiislatioii of the Iliad, from which Dr. JohuKon ho
given m.iiiy examples, contains abundant emendations by
I'ope, the memorialist secured at once, on the same puge,
tho margiiiiil alterations and second thoughts of that
great author, and of his great biographer.
When the book was published, Dr. Johnson brought
In Streatham n complete set, handsomely bound, of the
Works of the PoeU, ns well ns his own prefaces, tu pre-
sent to Mr. and Mrs. Tlirale. And then, telling this
memorialist tlint to the king, and lo Uic chiefs of Strcat.
ham alone he could offer so largo a tribute, ho most
kindly placed iH'fore her a bound copy of his own part
of tliu work; in the title page of which he gratified her
earnest request by writing her name, and " From the
Author."
After which, nt her particular solicitation, he gave her
a small engrnving of his portrait from the picture of Sir
Joshua Keynnhls. And while, some time afterwards, she
was examining it at a distant table. Dr. Johnson, in pass
ing across tlie room, stopi to discover by what sho was
o<-eupieil ; which he no sooner discerned, than ho brgan
sce-sawing for a moment or two in silence ; and then,
with a ludicrous half laugh, peeping over her shoulder,
he culled out : " All Im ! — Snin Johnson ! — I sco tlice !
— nnd an ugly dog thou art !"
He even extended his kindness to ■ remembrance of
Mr. Bew ley, the receiver and preserver of the wisp of a
Bolt-court henrlh-brooiii, as a relic of tho author of tlio
ItninbU'r; which oiieedote Dr. Burney had ventured In
confess : and Dr. Johnson now, witli his coinplin.e.its,
sent a set of tho ptefaeea lo St. Martin's street, directed,
" For the Broom (ionllenian :" which Mr. Bewley re-
ceived with rapturous gratitude.
* Dr. Johnson told this to the editor.
Dr. Johnson wrote nothing that was so imniediafely
popular as his Lives of the 1 iMts. Such n siibjeet v. us
of uiiiviT'inl attraeliiin, and he treated it mill nKiiiiplieity
that made it of universal cninprihension. Li all that
belonged to elassical eritieisni, he had u tiicility so com-
fdefe, that to s|H'ak or lo write produced immediately the
saiiii clear uiid sagaeiiius etfi it. His p< n was ni lumin-
iis as his tongue, and his tongue was as correct as his
|M'll.
Vit Ihiise — and there are many — who estimate tliese
preliices as the bc»t of his works, must surely so jndgo
llieiii from a s|M'eics of mental indoleiiee, that preli rs
what is easiest of jicrusal to what is ni(ii.t illiiniiiialing :
furiieliusarethcM' prefaci^s in ideas and inliiriiiutidii, tliiir
Mibjeels have so lung been familiar to every Ftiglish
reader, that tliey rei|uirc no slretch of iiit< Uei t, or e.xer-
ii.>e of reflection, to lead him, wilhuut efliirt, to ucenm-
pany the writer iu his aiuiotatiuns and criticisms. 'I'ho
Kaiiibler, on the contrary, embodies a (ourse ei|unlly
new of thoughl and expression; the iIe\<'hi|H'inent of
which cannot always be foreseen, eviji by the dee|>est
rensoiier and the keenest tali nts, iK-eaiiseeiiiaiialilig I'.nm
iiri;;inal genius. To make ncquaiiitaiue, theret'ore, with
the llanibler, the general (lermer must paiiKc, occasional-
ly, to think as well ns to read ; and tu clear away sun-
dry mists of prejudice, or ignorance, ere he can keep
pace with the sublime author, w hen the workings of his
iiiiiid, his iino^inition, and his Unuwiedge, arc Uirown
ii]i' II iiiaiiKiiid.
iiR. cnisr.
The warm and venerating nttaehment of Dr. Burney
to , 'Mr. Crisp, which occasional discourse and allusioiis
had frequently brought liirward, impressed the wholu
Tlirale family with a high opinion of the character nnd
endiiwments of that excelling man. And when they
found, also, that Mr. ('risphad as nniiiiiited a votary in
so much younger a person as their new guest ; and that
this enthusiasm was general throughout the dixrlor's
house, they earnestly desired tu view and to know a man
of such cniineiit allmcliun ; and gave to Dr. Burney a
commission to bring on the acquaintance.
It wuH given, however, in Tuiii. Mr. Crisp had no
longer eitlier health or sjiirit of enlerprisc for so formi-
dable, however flattering, u new connection ; and inexor-
ably resisted every overture I'or a meeting.
But Mrs. Throle, all alive for whatever was piquant
nnd promising, grew so bewitched by tho dcligiit with
which her new young ally, to whom she Ikcoiiic doily
more attached and more attiehiiig, dilated on tlic raro
|icrli'ctioiig of ^a(/(/y t'ritp ; and tho native and inno-
cent pleasures of Ijibeity Hall, Chesington, that sho
stnrled the plan of a little excursion for taking the pre-
mises by surprise. And Dr. Burney, certain that two
such singularly accomplished |)ersons could not meet
hut to their mutual gratification, sanctioned the scheme;
Mr. 'I'hrale desired to form his own judgment of so un-
common a recluse ; and the doctor's pupil felt a juvcnila
curiosity lo make one of the group.
The iKirty took place; but its pleasure was nearly
marred by tho failure of tho chief spring which would
have put into motion, and set tu harmony, Uiu various
|H-rsons who comiioscd its drama.
Dr. Burney, from multiplicity of arncations, waa
forced, when the day arrived, to relinquish his share in
the little invasion; which cast a damp upon the gaiety
of till! project, botli tu the besieged and Uic besiegers.
Yet Mr. ('risp and Mrs. Tlirale met with mutual senti-
ments of hi^li esteem, though tho genius of their talenta
were dissimilar ; Mrs. Thrnlo deliglited in bursting forth
with sudden flashes of wit, which, corelessly, she left tu
llieir own consequences; while Mr. Crisp, though awake
lo her talents, and sensible of tJieir rarity and their
splendour, thought with Dr. Fordycc, that in wumon tho
retiring graces arc the most attractive.
Ncverlliuless, in understanding, aeutcneas, and parts,
there was so much in common between them, that sin-
cere admiration grew out of tho interview ; though with
too little native congeniality to mellow into confldcner,
or ripen into intimacy.
Praise, loo, that Jangcrnus herald of expectation, is
often a friend more (lerilous than ony enemy; and both
had involuntarily looked for a something indefinabin
which neitlicr of them found ; yet liolh had loo much
jnslness of comprehension lo conclude that such a some-
thing did lint exist, liecause no np|Mirtimity for its deve-
lopment had offered in the course of a few hnnrs.
What niiMl, in this visit, surprised Mrs. Thrale with
pleasure, was tlie elegance of Mr. Oisp in Isngnago and
manners ; because that, llroin the hermit of Chesington,
she had not •xpected.
1 "*•
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Md
MEMOIRS OF DR. BURXEY.
'. t.
I
Anil what moat to Mr. Criiipciiiiscila similar (iIi'SHiirc,
was thu cotir^>ii8 rciiilint^ns, niiil uiin8tiuinin|; f;o<Ml-li(N
nioiir, wjtii \mcli MrH. 'I'liralo reci'ivi'd the innrtiKciol
civilities of Kitty C-ookc, anil the old t'iiKliiniird but cnr-
ilinl lios|>it<ilily of Mrs. Ilninilton ; for tlii'sc, iViiin n ci'le-
hnilcd wit, movittfir in the sphere of high life, liu ulso in
bis turn had not ex|M'cl<'d.
The Thraies, however, were nil much entertnincil by
the place itself, wliieli they prowled over with gay ciirio-
»ity. Not a lUMik or corner ; nor n dark passndo " Icad-
iiig to nothinjf ;" ijor a hanging tiijiestry of prim deinoi.
iielles, and grim cavalivrH; nor a tall canopied liod tied
up to the oeihngi nor japan cabinets of two or three
liimdred drawers of ilillerent diinensions; nor an oaken
riiphoard, carved with heads, thrown in every ilirection,
save sneh as might lot them fall on men's slionlders ; nor
a window stuck in some angle close to the ceiling of a
lolly slip of a room ; nor a quarter of a staircase, leading
to some quaint nnfreipiented apartment ; nor a wooden
chimney-piece, cut in diamonds, squares, and round nobs,
siirinountiiig another of blue and while tiles, ropresenl-
ing, r>« J rid, a dog and a cat, as symlmls of married
life .md harmony — missed their scrutinising eyes.
Tliey even visited the attics, wlurc they were much
diverted by tlie 8ha|>es as well as by the quantity of
roonia, which, iM'iiig of all sorts of forms that could in-
crease their count, were fur too heterogeneous of oiitJine
to enable the minutest mathematician to give them any
l/>ehiaeai denomination.
They |H'ep<!d, also, through liltlo window casements,
of which the panes of glas* were hardly so wide as their
clumsy frames, to survey long ridges of lead that en-
twined the motley spiral roofs of the nmltitudc of scpa-
role civljs, rather than chambers, that com|Hised the top
«f tho mansion ; and alVorded from it a view, sixteen
miles in circumference, of the adjacent country.
*«•■•••«
Mr. Crisp judged it fitting to return the received civil-
ily of a visit Iroin Mr. iind .Mrs. Tlirale, whatever might
Ih- the ineonrenienec to his health ; or whatever bis dis-
iiielinatiiin to sneh an exertion. From habitual {mlite-
ne.-is he wis of the old school in tho forms of goo<l
bnvding; though |M'rfeetly eipial to even the present
march of intellect in the new one, if to the present day
he had lived, — and had deemed it a march of iinprovc-
nieut. He was the last man not to lie awaru that no.
thing st.inds still. All nature in its living mass, all art
ill its coiieentralcd aggregate, advances or retrogrades.
He took the earliest day that one of bis few gout in-
tervals put at his own dis|iosal, to make his ap|H-aranee
nt Strratham ; having first written a most earnest injunc-
tion to Dr. Burner to jfive him there the meeting. The
menmrialiat was then at Chesington, and had the happi-
ness to accoin|fflny Mr. (.'risp; by wliom »hc was to \x:
U<i at her new third home.
Dr. Johnson, in compliment to his friend Dr. Burney,
nod by no means iuciirinus .'limself to see the hermit of
C'lesington, immediately descended to meet Mr. ("risp;
and to aid jMrs. 'I'lirale, who ga»e him a vivacious rcc»'|>-
lion, to do the honoiirii of Mlreatbam.
The mix'tiiig, nevertheless, to tho great chagrin of Dr.
Uurnify, produced neither interest nor pleastirc ; for Dr.
Jiilmsoii, though courteous in demeanour and looks, with
cvidi lit colieitiide to show rcs|iect to Mr. Crisp, was
grave and silent; and whenever Dr. Johnson did not
make the charm of conversation, he only ninrred it by his
presence ; from the general limi he incited, that if he
H|Mikc not, he might listen ; and that if liu listened, lie
might ri'|>riivc.
K.isc, therefore, was wanting J without wbleh nothing
ill society can Is) flowing or pleasing. The ('hesington-
iun conceived, that ho had lived too long away from the
world lo stnrt any subject that luiglit not, to the Slreat-
liamiles, Ik^ trite and out of date; and the Slreathamltcs
lielleved that they had lived in it so much longer, that
the current talk of the day might, to thu ('hesliigtonian,
Kceni uiiintclligible jargon : while each ho|K<tl that the
sprightly Dr. liurncy WAidd find the golden iiu<un by
whieli Intli imrtips might bu lirniight into play.
lint Dr. liurncy, who saw in the kind looks and com-
placency of Dr. Johnson intentional good will to the
miM'tiiig, tlatterctl hinis4'lf that the great philologist was
but waiting for an accidental excitement, to fasten U|ion
n topic of general use or im|)ortttlicc, and to deserilM! or
discuss it, with the full imwers of his great tniiid.
Dr. Jiihii'ton, however, cither in health or in spirits,
v»in unfortunately, oppressed; and, for once, was more
desirous to bear than to lie heard.
Mr. Crisp, therefore, lost, by so unex|icc1ed a tacitur-
nity, this fiiir and |>roinislng opimrluiiity for developing
■niJ enjoying the eiilbH|uial nmJ extraordlHary oo|ks|uial
abilities of Dr. Johnson ; and finished the visit with
niueh disap|M)iiitment ; lowered also, and always, in his
spiritu by parting from his tenderly attached young coni-
INinion.
Dr. Iturney bad ol\crwards, however, the consolation
to find that .Air. Ciisp hud impressed even Dr. Johnson
with a strong admir.-ition of his knowledge and eagiacity;
for in s|H-aking of him in the evening to Mr. Thral(
who had been absent, the doctor cmpbalically said, " Sir,
it is a very singular to sec a man with all bis (lowers so
much alive, when be has so long shut hiinself up from
the world. Such readiness of conception, quickness of
recollection, facility of following discourse started by
others, in a man who has long had only the past to feed
u|ion, are rarely to be met with. Now, liir iny |>art," add'
ed he, laughing, " that / should be ready, or even uni-
versal, is no wonder ; for my dear little mistress here,'
turning to Mrs. Tlirule, " kce|>s all my faculties in con-
slant plav."
Mrs. Thralc then said that nntliing, to her, was so
striking, as that a man who so long had retired I'roni the
world, should so delicately have preserved its forms and
courtesies, as to ap|M-ur equally well bred with any ele
gttiit meniber of society who had not quitted it for a
week.
Inexpressibly gratifying to Dr. Bumcy was the award
of such justice, from such judges, to his best and dearest
loved friend.
From this lime forward. Dr. Bumcy could gcorcely
recover his daughter from Strcatham, even for a few
days, withoMl a friendly Imttle. A s|>ortively current ex-
aggeration of Dr. Johnson's ujion this Haltering hostility
was current at Streatham, made in answer to Dr. Bur-
ncy's saying, uism a resistance to her dc|>arture for St.
.Martin's street iu which Dr. Johnson hud strongly join-
ed, " I must really take her away, sir, I must indeed ;
she has been from home so long."
" I^iiig I no, sir ! I do not think it long," cried the
doctor, see-sawing, and seizing liotli her hands, as if pur-
(Hirting to detain her : " Sir ! I woulil have her always
come... and never go ! — "
MR. linSWELL.
When next, afler this adjuration, Dr Bumcy took the
memorialist hack to Streatham, he found there, re-
cently arrived from Scotland, Mr. Boswell; whose
sprightly Corsiean tour, and iieroie, almost (Quixotic
purNuit of lieiieral I'uoli, joined to the tiiur to tho He-
brides with Dr. Johnson, made him on object himself of
conHiderable attenlioii.
He sp<ike the Si'oteh accent strongly, though by no
means so as lo afTect, even slightly, his intelligibility to
an English car. He had an odd mock solemnity of tone
and manner, that he had aeipiired iiii|ierix-ptibly from
constantly thinking of and imitating Dr. Johnson;
whose own solemnity, nevertheless, far from mock, was
the result of |ieiisive rumination. 'I'lierc was, also, soine-
tliing slouching in thu gait and dress of Mr. I)<i8wcll,
llml wore an uir, ridieiilouslv enough, of purporting to
|H'rsonif'y the same model. His eliilbeR were always too
large for him ; his hair, or wig, was eonatuntly in a slate
of negligence ; and he never lor a moinenl sat still or
Ujirighl n|Hin a eliuir. Kvery look end movement dis-
played either intentional or involuntary imitation. Vet
certainly it was not meant .as earicaturi^ ; fiir his heart,
almost even to idolatry, was in his reverence of Dr. John-
son.
Dr. Bumcy was often surprised tlint this kind of far-
cical similitude esca|M'd the notice of the doctor ; but at-
Irilmled his missing it to a high sujM'riority over any
such siispieion, as mneh as to his near-Kigbtediieas ; for
fully was Dr. Ilurney |H'rsiiadcd, tlinl hud any deteetinn
of sue.li imitation taken place. Dr. Johnson, who gene-
rally treated Mr. Boswell as a rcIiooI lioy, whom, with-
out the smallest ceremony, he pardoned or rcbnkcil, al-
ternately, woidd so indignantly liavo U'cn provoked, us
lo have instoiitaiu'ously intliuted upon him sonic mark of
displeasure. Anil uqually he was (icrsuadcil that Mr.
lioawell, liowcver shocknl and even tnfiaiiieil iivccciving
it, would siHm, iVoni his de<'p teiuratiim, have thought it
justly incii/rcH ; and, after a day or two uf |Miiiting and
sullemu'ss, wouhl have coiiiproinis<Hl the matter by one
of his customary simple n|H>logicp, of " I'ray, air, forgive
me !"
Dr. Johnson, though often irVitati'd by Iho olHeioua
iin|)ortmiity of Mr. Boswell, was really touched by his
attachmrnt, It was iiideed surprising, and even uireet-
ing, to remark the pleasure with v^hich this great man
aeceiited |H'rMoiial kindness, even from the simplest of
mankind { aiid the grave ttirmulily ivitli wliicli liu uc.
knowlcdged it even to the ineaiiest. Possibly it »„
what he most prized, because what he could liaiii com.
inand ; for pcrsonol partiality hanga uiiun lighlir aiij
slighter qualities than those which cam solid a|i|ir(,lM.
lion, but of this, if he had least commend, lie Imd ^i^, I
least want : his towering sn|ieriority of intellect elcvaiin,.
him above all coin|ietitors, and regularly estalilijhj,,,,
him, wherever he appeared, as the first being of the ,^ ;
ciety.
As Mr. Boswell was at Streatham only upon a niorii.
in;r visit, a collation was ordered, to which all «,,,.
assembled. Mr. Boswell was preparing to tukc a tin I
that he seemed, by prescription, to consider as his o«n
next to Dr. Johnson; but Mr. Seward, who was m.
sent, waved his hand fur Mr. Boswell to move furilirt
on, saying with a smile, " Mr. Boswell, that seat in .Mj„ i
Burncy's."
Ho stared, amazed : the asserted cluinmnt wo* 'icn
and unknown to him, and be oppeared by im niiina
pleased to resign bis prior rights. But, after luukinir
round tlic room for a minute or two, with on iinpnrtjini
air of demanding the meaning of this iimnxaiicn, ;,„^
receiving no satisfaction, be reluctantly, ahnost ii'mdi.
ftilly, got another chair ; and placed it at the limk nUy
shoulder of Dr. Johnson ; while this new and iinhcaril
of rival quietly seated herself as if not hearing what «gs
passing ; for she shrunk from the explanation that iIk
i'earcd might ensue, as she saw a siiiilo stealing otc,
every countenance, that of Dr. Johnson biiniii'lf vu
not excepted, at the discomfiture and surprise of .Mi.
Boswell.
Mr. Boswell, however, was so situated as not to rrmaik 1
it in the doctor ; and of every one else, when in tlitt
presence, be was unobservant, if not conteinpliioim. In
truth, wlien he met willi Dr. Johnson, he coinnionlv
forbore even answering any thing that was saiil, lir
attending to any thing tliat went forward, lest he nhoulil I
miss the smallest sound from that voice to wliiili he |ui,|
such exclusive, though merited homage. But the mn.
nicnt that voice burst forth, the attciilion wliieli it i^iciliil
in .Mr. Boswell amounted almost to pain. Ills ivia
goggled with eagerness; ho leant his ear ahiinrt on tlir
shoulder of the doctor; and his mouth drii|il ii|H'n lu
catch every syllabic that might be uttered : nay, Iw
seemed not only to dread losing a word, but to Ih> antiuus
not to miss a breathing ; as if hoping from it, luUnllr,
or mystically, some intbrination.
But when, in a few minutes. Dr. Johnson, wliouc m
did not follow him, and who had concluded bun tu be it
tlic other end of tliu table, said soinetbing gaily i.nd ^ ooil.
humourcdiy, by the appellation of Bnzzy; and diMwrred,
by the sound of tlic reply, that Bozzy hud plaiiteil hiiniwli',
as closely as he could, iH^bind and and between the illiowj
of the new usurper and his own, tlie dottur luninl
angrily round upon him, and, clapping his boiiil rallur
loudly upon his knee, said, in a tone of (lis|i!euuri',
" What do you do there, sir I — tio to tho table, sir 1 "
Mr. Boswell, instantly, and with an air of oflVighl,
obeyed : and there was something so unusual in iiurli
huinble submission to so im|)crioua a coniinnnil, llial
another smile glcamcil its way across every mouth,
cxo'pt that of the doctor and Mr. Boswell; whonour,
very unwillingly, took a distant seat.
But, ever restless when not at tho side of Pr.
Johnson, he presently recollected sonielbing that liv
wished to exhibit, and, hastily rising, was runnini;iway
in its search ; when the doctor, calling after him, aiillin.
ritatively said : " What an- you thinking of, sir ? Whv
do you get up Iniforc tho cloth is removed I — Come Iwck
to your place, sir ! "
Again, and with equal obscquiousncrs, Mr. IloswiH
did OS he was bid; when the doctor, pursing hi* him,
not to lictray rising ririliility, multered half In hinimll:
" Ituniiing alHint in the nuddle of meals! — one wonU
take you fur a Brangton ! — "•
" A Brangton, sir f" re|icated Mr, Boswell, with ear-
nestness; ** What is a Brangton, sir? "
" Where have you lived, sir," cried the doctor, loiigliiiif,
"and what company have you kept, nut to kimw thai'"
Mr. Boswell now, doubly rurinns, yet alwoys apprr-
lieiisive of falling into somo disgrace with Dr. Johnum,
said in a low intw, which he knew the doclur cmilil not
hoar, to Mrs. 'I'hralii ! •' I'ray, ma'am, what's a llrniii;
ton f — Do me IIki fiivour to tell me 7— Is it seine aniiiiil
hercalKiuts /"
Mrs. Thrnlu iHily licarlily laughed, but willimil «"•
swering ; as shn now one of lier guests uneasily ti'irliil
of an explanation. Hut Mr. Hi-ward cried, " I'll' tell .v«
BoMWell,— I'll tell you !— if you will walk with ine iul"
Hut the year Ihn
HiMiiri' anil proH|»'
I '»"! Willi the |srsuii
I "iiillil vainly, iierhi
I •t'wibilily, delight
*Thv nuiue uf a vulgar family in Evelina.
1 t '1
:♦!■
MEMOIRS OF DR. B1TRNEV.
377
t. I'i>KHl)ly it ,„ I
lie could IcoKl cdip.
s u|K)n li)/hlfr a,,,) |
porii Holid apiirobi,
iiiiniid, lie liaii ,i^^
>!' intfUcct ckvatini;
({ulurly c»lal>lis||ir,„ |
r8l being of Hit ^
I only upon a nioti,.
to wliicli all wcTi
riiiff to lukc a sm
nnHider an his o«n,
ard, who was pi,.
•U to move furiiif,
ell, that scat in Min
cliiinmnt waa 'id
•nred by no iihih,
lliit, aHcr loiiliiiig
, with on iiiipdruiii
lliiu innn\alii,ii, aud
intly, nhnodt tnni.
it at the Irackol'llif
g new and urdioard
Jt liearinj; wjiat «a, j
explanation tliat «l,c
HMiilo Btcalinp mci
ihnBon liiinsc'ir wu |
ltd surpriBo of Mi.
ted as not tu remark
! else, when in lh«t
t conteniphioiin, la j
ii8on, he eomnmiily
tliat was raiti, lir I
ward, lest lie should
ice to which he |kiIi1
iiD^e. lint thr mil.
ilioii whieliilniciliij
lo pain. His rrt«
lis ear almost iin llir
loutli drop! o|H'n w
e uttered : nay, I*
rd, but to lie aniious
ng I'roin it, lukmlr, |
lolinrnn, whora rvo
ludcd him to be it
n\f )raily i.nd goui-
t7.y ; anddiscoMrcd, I
hud planted liiiiMlf,
Ih'I ween the rlliow!*
till! doitor turned
ii|r hi8 hand ralhii
one of displeaiuri',
tlio tabic, sir ! "
nil air of oflrighl,
HO unusual in siieli
a enininiinil, that
rosH every mouth,
iHwell ; who now,
t llio siilr of Dr.
loiiielliinjr that lie
was riinnin|;away
ig niter him, aiitlio.
iiijr of, sir / Will
ived / — I'onic haek
iii'Ks, Mr. Iloswell
piirsini; his \\\».
•d half to hiniMll
i'uIb I — one woulil
DiMwell, » ilh ear-
ir doctor, langhiii;,
ot to know that !"
^•et always appri'-
with Dr. JiihnKm,
e doctor eoulil not
, what's n llr«ii|.'
Is it loine iniinil
, hilt without lil-
ts uneasily fearful
ied, "I'll' tell. v™.
vnik with me iiil')
III' |ii(lil»ek : only let us wait till the tuhhi is cleared ; ur
I ilmll lie taken for a Itranjrton, too !"
Tlii'V »""" went off together ; iiml Mr. Iloswell, im
diwbl, was I'lilly informed of the; road that liiid led to tin
a<iirin»i"'' '*)' which he hud thus liceii annoyed. Hut
llr |!ran);ton fabricator took euro to iiiouiit to her
rhwih'r ere they returned ; and did not come down till
Mr. Ikjswcll was gone.
ANNA WILLIAMS.
Pr, Iliirney had no greater enjoyment of the little
I {(liure he could tear Irani his work anil his proli'SHion,
tall llint which he could dedicate to Dr. Johnson; and
f,. iimv, at the doctor's most earnest invitation, carried
I ihi9 iiii'iiiorialist to Holt-court, to pay a visit to the blind
imi'ioss, .Viina WilliamH.
Tlii'V were received by Dr. Johnson w.'i| a kind-
I ,t,i liint irradiated his austere and studious feature.^
1 into the most pleased and plcaxing benignity. Such,
iiidixil, was the gentleness, as well as warmth, of his
pirtialily t<>r this father and daughter, that their sight
»riuc(l to give him a new physiognomy.*
It WIS in the apartment — a parlour — dedicated lo ^[rs.
I Williiins, that the doctor was in this ready ntlenilance
lopby the part of thu master of the ceremonies, in pre.
K-nlini; his new guest to his ancient friend and ally.
.\niia Williams had been a favourite of his wife, in whose
lilf.timc she had frciiuently resided under his roof. The
writ of her poetical talents, and the misfortune of her
Niiiilnew, arc generally known ; to tlicsi? were now sii.
piraJihil sickness, age, and infirmity J yet such was the
ipiritof her character, that to make a new aci|iiaintaiice
liu< rather singularly eircumst-ineed, seemed to her
ilnnMt an event of moment ; and she had incessantly
I wluiti'il the doctor to bring it to lienr.
II(T l(M)k, air, voice, and extended hands of reception,
I niiiceil the most eager, though by no means obtrusive
ririo»ity. Her manner, indeed, showed her lo In-
wiutily a gentlewoman ; and her conversation always
liliH'liised a cultivated as well as thinking mind.
Ilr. Johnson never ap|>eared to more advantage than
I in till? presence of this blind poetess; for the obligations
BwliT which he had placed her, were such as he sincerely
I milicJ her to fi-el with the pleasure of light, not the
I op|iro»siiiii of weighty gratitude. All his liest sentiments,
I llifrefore, were strenuously her advocates, to curb what
I IX irritalile in his tem|icr by the generosity of his priii-
|rpi»; and by llie congeniality, in audi imiiits, of their
1 iirn<ibility.
His attentions to soften the burthen of her existence,
I from the various bodily diseases that aggravated the evil
lot'licr loss of sight, wcro anxious and unceasing ; and
I lliiri.' was no way more prominent to his favour than that
lefrnking to give any solace, or showing any considcra-
I lira tu .'Vniia Williams.
AiiiHi, ill ri^tiirn, honouring his virtues and abilities,
I [iitcfiil liir his goodness, and intimately aware of his
I (n-culiaritics, made it the pride of her life to receive
Itury nioinent ho could bestow upon her, with cordial
I uTrctlon ; and exactly at his own time and convenience ;
I to Kiiithe him when ho was disjiosed to lament with
jhtTlliL' loss of his wife ; and to procure fur him what-
I HIT wa.H in her power of entertainment or ennin>rt.
I Tills introiliiclioii was afterwards followed, through Ur.
I JjliiMin's zealous intervention, by sundry other visits
I Itwi the iiieniorialist ; and though minor circumstances
I niilc her compliance rather embarrassing, it could not
I Uu Ueii right, and it would hardly have Is'im |iossible,
Ikirmstan entreaty of Dr. Johnson. And every fresh
j nlrrvlcw at his own home showed the steady humanity
I oi'liiH assiiliiiiy to enliven his |iiKir blind companion ; as
Julias til cnit'er the most essential scrviei-s u|ioii two
I i<lii'r (lihtrissed imnates of his charitable house, Mrs.
IViiiiiiuliiis, thu indigent daughter uf Dr. Swiiil)'n, a
I pkuii'iaii who had Is-en giKlfatlicr to Dr. Johnson ; and
I Mr. l/'vot, n |SKir old ruined ajiothecary, Imth of whom
1 1«' liniiscil and siip|iorteil with thu inuat exemplary
I tVislian giKxInesB.
MB. OARRK'K.
But the year that followed this still rising tide of
jiliuure iiiil prns|H'rily lo Dr. Ilurnev, 177ll,"o|ieiied to
«im»ilh the jH-rsinial loss of a (Viend whom the world
inislil vainly, |K'rhnps, Iw challenged to replace, for
'|f«iliilily, delight, and conviviality, (inrriek !— the
in Evelina,
riiu wii, HO strongly observed by Mrs. Maling,
Wlit'i III the Dowager t'ountess of Miilgrave, thai she
M' "lien exclaimed lo this memorioiist, «VVIiy did not
«f Jwliua Keyiiokls paint Doctor Johnson when liu was
'Pukiiij to Doctor Uurney or to you ?"
inimitable David (.arrick ! who lel\ liehind' him all
previous- eminence in his profession iM-yond reach ol
eompurisiin; save the Itosciiis of Koine, to whose
Circrunian celebrity we owe the adoption of an appro-
priate iionieiielature, which at no (leriod could have been
found in our own dominions : — tiarrick, so long the
darling and unrivalled favourite of tlii! piiblii: ; who
possessed, resistlessly, where he chose lo e.xert it, tlii'
(mwer of pleasing, winning, and exhilarating all around
liim: — Garrick, who, in the words of Dr. Johnson,
seemed "Korinid lo gladden life," wos taken from his
resplendent worldly fame, nnd admiring worldly friends,
by " that stroke of dealli," says Dr. Johnson, " which
eclipsed the gaiety of nations, and iiii|)overished the stock
of harmless pleasure."
He had already retired from the stoge, nnd retired
without waiting fiir failing |iowers lo urge, or precipitate
lis retreat ; for still his uneipialled animal spirits, gaily
baflling the assaults of age, had such extraordinary
cxiilH-raDec as In supply and sup|iort both liotly and iniiiil
at once: still clear, varying, and |M'iietraling was his
voice; still full of intelligence or satire, of disdain, of
rage, or of delight, was the tire, the railiunce, the
elo<iutnce of his eye ; still madi! up at will, of energy or
grace, of command or supplication, was his form, and
were his altitudes ; his face alone — ah ! " there was the
rub ! — " his face alone was the martyr of time : or
rather, his forehead and cheeks ; for his eyes and his
eoiintenanee were still beaming with recent, though
retiring iK'nnly.
Hut the wear and tear of his forehead ami cheeks,
which, ns Dr. Johnson had said, made sixty years in
(iarrick seem seventy, liati rendered them so wrinkled,
from an unremitting play of expression, off as well ns on
the stage, that, when he found neither paint nor candle-
light, nor dress nor decoration, could conceal those lines,
or smooth those furrows which were ploughing his com.
plexion, he preferred to triumph, even in foregoing his
triumphs, by plunging, through voluntary impulse, from
the dazzling summit to which he had mounted, and
heroically pronouncing his Farewell I — amidst the uni.
vcrsal cry, echoed and reechoing nil uroimd him, of
"Stop, (Jurriek, slop! — yet a little longer stop !"
A brief account of the last sight of this admired and
much loved friend is thus given in a manuscript memoir
of Dr. Hurncy.
" I called at his door, with anxious enquiries, two days
before he expired, and wiw ailinitted to his ehamlier ;
but though I saw him, ho did not sei'm to sec me,— or
any earthly thing! His countenance that had never
remained a moment the same in conversation, now ap-
(leared as fixed and as inanimate as a block of marble ;
and he had already so far rcliiuiuished the -vorld, as I was
afterwards told by Mr. Wallace, hisexc. ■■■, ,r, that nothing
that was said or done that used lo -' m -st him the
most keenly, had any effect ujion his musi S'l; ; or eoulil
extort cither a word or a look from him loi several days
previously to his U'coming a cnrps<\"
Dr. Hurncy, in the same carriage with Whitehead,
the [loet laureate, the erudite .Mr. Ileaiiclerk, and Mr.
Wallace, the executor, attended the last remains of this
celebrated public character to tlieir honourable interment
in Westminster Abbey.
YOUNCl cnoTcii.
Just as tins great dramatic genius Wis descending In
the tomb, young Crotch, a rising musical genius, was
brought forward into the world with so strong a promise
of eininenee. that a very general ilcsiro was express«'d,
that Dr. Hurncy wouldexamine, counsel, and countenance
him ; and at only three years nnd a half old, the child
was brought to St. Martin's street by his innther.
The diMitor, ever ready to nourish incipient talents,
submitted to his investigntioii, saw the child rc|H'ntedly ;
and was so forcibly striiek by his uncommon faculties,
that upon communicating his remarks lo the famous Dr
Hunter, who had lioen foremost in desiring the examina-
tion. Dr. Hunter thought tlicm snflleieiitly curious lo Ih'
prcwiited to the Royal Society ; where they wen
extremely well received, and printed in the Philosophical
Transactions of the year 17711.
For some lime alter this, tho doctor was IVeiiucnIlv
called upon, by the relations nnd admirers of this woii-
derfnl Isiy, for assistance nnd advice ; liotli which In
eliM-rl'iilly accorded lo the liest of his ability : till the
happy star of the young prodigy fixed him at the
I'niversily of Oxford, wIhtc ho met with every aid. pro.
ti-ssional or |M'rsnnnl,tliat his genius claimed ; nnd where,
while his eilucation was still in progress, ho was nomi-
nated, when only ruurtccn years uf age, orgranist of
(.'hriit Church.
'i'liis I'Vi'iit he eoniiniiiiicateil lo Dr. Hurncy in a mo-
dest nnil grutclnl letter, that the doctor Received and
preserved with sincere Hntisliietioii ; and kindly answered
with instructive proli-SNional couiirel.
Mil. TIIKALK.
The event next nnrrnted in the Mciiioirs of Dr.
Hurncy, proved deeply aHccling lo the happiness and
gaiety of his sooial eirehs ; liir now u eulaslrophe, uliieh
tor some time hud scenicil iiii|H'ii<ling, and wliiili, though
various and tliictiiating, had olteii struck with terror, or
<lani|H'd with sorrow, the liveliest spirits nnd gayest
scenes of Streuthani, siiddiiily took place; nnd eiil sliort
tiir ever the honours and the |icacc of that erst illustrious
dwelling.
Mr. Thralc, for many years, in utter ignorance what
its symptoms were forelsiding, hail Ih-cii harbouring,
through nn underinining indulgence of iinmoilerate sleep
nllcr meals, a pro|H'iisity to |>araU>is. The prognostics
of (li8teni|M'r were then little oltservcd but by men of
science ; and those were rarely called in till something
fnlnl was apprehended. It is, prolMibly, only since the
lime that medical and surgical h-ctiircs have Is-en pub-
lished ns well as delivered ; and simplified from technical
diniciiltics, so as lo meet and to eiiligliteii the unscientific
intellect of the herd of ninnkind, llint the world at large
seeins to have learned the value of early attention to in-
cipient malady.
Kven Dr. Johnson was so little aware of the insalubrity
of Mr. Thrale's course of life, that, without inter|iosiiig
his |iowerful and never disregarded exhortations, he often
laughingly said, "Mr. 'J'hralc will^ out-slccp the seven
slcc|iers! "
Strange it may seem, at this present so far more
nlightencd day u|ion these subjects, that Dr. Johnson,
at least, should not have Ikcu alarmed at this lethargic
Icndcney ; as the art of medicine, which, for all that
IH-Iongs lo this world, stands the highest in utility, was,
abstractedly, a study U|ioii which he loved to ruminate,
and a siibjeet he was addicted lo discuss. Hut this in-
stance of complete vacuity of practical iiiformalinii U|)on
diseases and remedies in Dr. Johnson, will cease to give
surprise, when it is known that, near the middle of his
life, and in the fullest force of his noble faculties, U|ion
finding himself assailed by a severe fit of the gout in h'lA
ancle, he sent for a |>ail of cold water, into which he
phmged his leg during the worst of the paroxysm— a feat
of intrepid ignorance — incongruous as sounds the word
ignorance in sjieakingnf Dr. Johnson — that prolmbly ho
had cause lo rue during his whole after-life ; for the gout,
of which he chose to gel rid in so succinct a manner n
feat in which he often exulted — might have carried off
many of the direful obstruct ions, and asthnialie scizurcH
and siitl'erings, of which his latter years were wretchedly
the martyrs.
Thus, most unfortunately, without representation,
opposition, or consciousness, Mr. Thralc went on in a
self-destroying mode of conduct, till,
" Uncalled — unheeded — unawares — "
he was struck with a fit of ajioplcxy.
Yet even this stroke, by the knowledge and ex|icricnce
of his medical advisers, might |M>rliaps have licen parried,
had Mr. Thralc Is-en imbued with curlier reverence for
the arts of recovery. Hut he slighted them all ; and
fearless, or, rather, incredulous of danger, he allended to
no prescriptions. He simply essayed the waters of Tun-
bridge ; and made a long sojourn nt Hath. All in vain !
The Inst and fatal seizure was intlietcd at his own town
house, in lirnsvciior-sipiare, in the spring of I7H| ; and
at an instant when such a blow was so little ex|M<cted,
that nil r,ondnii, amongst imtsoiis of fashion, talents, or
celebrity, had Ih-cu invited lo a splendid enterlainmeiil,
meant for the night of that very dawn which rose u|ion
the sudden earthly extinction of the himeiited and
res|iected chief of the inunsion.
DTK K ATI! AM.
Changed now was Slreatliam ! the value of its chief
seemed first made known by his loss ; which was long
felt; though not, m-rhaps, with the inimediale acutcncss
that would have iiecn demonstrated, if, at that |M'riod,
the deprivation of the femnh- chieftain hud preceded that
of llie male. Still Mr. Thrale, by every iViend of his
house and family, and by every trui- adherent to his
will-, her interesi, her fiiiiie, nnd her happiness, was day
by day, and week by wi-ek, more and more missed and
regreited.
I>r, Hurncy was one of tlie first and most earnest to
hasten to the widowed lady, with thn truest syin|>nlliy in
her grief. His daughter, who, for some previous months.
v| fi' ■*■
X. ■
Vr ,/
,;■/ 1-
".,ii^
■Vf;
■.^ \:
• 'n»
'^ Mil
pi'
ir.(<.-*
1^
37 H
.llI'MlOIItM OK UK. UrilNEY.
iK
'■i^''.<".
(^-
..<! ■..*:
liad bc't'ii wholly rvaUirud to tliu paturiiul nut', — tlii)
Tlinili'H tlieiiiHolvi's Imviii'r lici'ii lixi'il, liir the liiat wiiitrr
KOiuuiii, ill Uro8Vi'iior.si|iiiiri', — llcw, in tn-inbliii); hnsti',
the instant iiliu cmilil bi: rci-i'ivril, to tliu iM'lavcd tVii'iiil
who wu» now tenderly I'lieliuiiied to her huiirt ; and ut
this iiioinent wan doultly endeared by ini-Hrortiini' ; and
voluntarily i|uittiug all eitu', eaj^crly vntabliNht'd licTBclf
at Strcatliani.
Dr. JolniKon, who was one of Mr. Thralu'ii cxoeutorH,
iinnirdiately rcnuincd his a|iartmcnt ; cordially and
frratclully bcHtowing on the reinainiii); liosteKa every
iniiiiite that she could dcKire or rei)iiiru of hin time und
Ilia services. And nothing conid liu wiser in eouiiHel,
more zealous in good olKceH, nr kinder of intention, than
the whole of his conduct in |>erforinini; the duties that he
deemed to devolve U|>un him by the will of hi' ).;te iViend.
liut Ur. Uuniey, as he cuidd only ugmn Ins stated diiy
and hour make one in this retirement, devoted himself
now almost exclusively to his
IIISTOUY or MUSIC.
^o many years had cla|ised since the appearance of
the first volume, and the murmurs of tliu subseribtTs
were so (reneral for the publication of the second, that
the earnestness of the doctor to fulfd liis engu)reiiieiit,
hrcanic sucli as to sicken liiin of almost every occu|>ation
that turned liini from its pursuit. Yet uninterrupted
attention grew more than ever dilKcult ; for as his lei-
sure, through the double claims of his profession and his
work, diminished, his celebrity increased ; oiid the calls
upon it, OS usual, from the wayward taste of public
fashion for what is hard to obtain, were perpetual, were
even clamorous ; and he hud cunstuntly a long list of
petitioning parents, awaiting a vacant liour, U|hiii any
terms that he could name, and at any |>art of the day.
lie had always some early pupil who accepted his
attendance at eight o'clock in the morning ; and u strong
instance has been given of its being seized upon even at
■even ; and, during the height of the season for fashiona-
ble London residence, his tour from house to house was
Bcarcely ever finished sooner than eleven o'clock at
night.
But 80 urgent grew now the spirit of his diligence
for the progress of his work, tliat he not only declined
all invitations to the hospitable boards of his friends, he
even resisted the social hour of repast at his own table ;
and took his solitary meal in his coach, while passing
from scholar to scholar ; for which purjmse he hud sand-
wiches pre|)arcd in a Hut tiu box; and wine and wutcr
ready mixed, in a wickered pint buttle, put constantly
into the |>ockcls of his carriage.
If, at this period. Dr. liurney had been as intent and
as skilful in the arrangement and tlie augmentation of
his income, as ho was industrious to procure, and assidu-
ous to merit, its increase, he might have retired from
business, its toils and its cares, while yet in the meridian
of life ; with a comfortable eom|K!tcncc for its decline,
and adequate |>ortions for his daughters. With regard
to his sons, it was always his intention to bestow u|x>n
them good educations, and to bring them up to honour-
able professions ; and then to leave them to form, as he
liad done himself, a dynasty of their own. Uut, unfor-
tunately for all parties, he had as little turn as time for
that s|iecics of speculation which leads to fuioiiciol pros-
perity; and he lived ehicHy ujion the princi|ial ot the
sums which he amassed ; and which he merely, as soon
as they were received, locked up in his bureau for
facility of usage; or stored largely at his banker's as an
asylum of sulety : while the cash wliieli he laid out in
any sort of interest, was so little, as to make his current
revenue almost incredibly below what might have been
expected from the remimcrution of his labours ; or what
seemed due to hin situation in the world.
Out, with all his hoiinuralile toil, his philoaopliic priva-
tions, and his heroic self-denials,
THE SECOND voLu.Mn or thb iiistoky of Mi'sir,
from a eonlinually enlarging view of its capahilily of
improvement, did not see the light till the year I'Ki.
Then, however, it woa received with the same favour
and tlic same honours that had '"'•rT-\ Ihe entninee into
public notice of its predccos*< r, 'I'.'ie literary world
Hcemed fdled witli its praixe ; ih" lnKikseilers ileiimnded
ample impressions; and hr inujosty, (juetm Churlolte,
witii even augmented gracinuiness, accepted its homage
at court.
Relieved, by this publication, from a weight U|inn his
spirits and his delicacy, which, for more than six years
had burthened and disturbed them, he prudently resolved
against working any longer under the si'If.reproachful
annoyance of u promised punctuality which his position
in lile disabled him from ubservmg, by lettering himtell
with any further tie of time to his sulnicrilM.'r» fur tlie
remaining volumes.
iNut, however, to his daughter did the doctor reroin-
niend any siinllur reinissiun of iieninaiiship. 'i'lig extr.i-
urdiiiary favour willi whieli her liitU- uork had been
received in the world, and which may chietly, perhaps,
be attributed to tlic unpretending and uiiex|H'Cliiig mu<le
ill which, not skilfully, but involuntarily, it had glided
into public lilis Uiiig now sanelioned by tlie tclal ol
eneuiirageinenl from Kr. Johnson und from .Mr. lUirke,
gave a zest to his paternul pleasure and ho|H's, tliut mude
it iiiijiossible, iiuy, that even led him to think it wouhl
lie uiiliitherly , to lislt n to her uDVighted wishes of retreat,
from her teurlul apprehensions of some reverse- ; or sutler
her to shrink back to licr original ulwcurity, from the
light into which she li.i(l Uen surprised.
And, indeed, tlioiigli he made Ihe kindest allowance
fur her tremors and reluctance, he was urged so luniul-
tuuusly by others, that it was hardly |ios»ible tor him to
be passive ; and .Mr. i'risp, whose voice, in whatever
was submitted to his judgment, had the eltect of a casting
vote, culled out aloud, " .More I more ! more 1 — anotiier
production I "
The wishes of two such iK'rsonages were, of courw,
resistless ; and a rew inentul s|ieeulation, which already,
though secretly, hud taken a rambling pussessioit of her
ideas, u|ion the evils annexed to tJiat species of family
pride, which, t'rum generation to generation, seeks, by
mortal wills, to arrest the ehangel'iil range of successiun
enacted by the immutable laws of deatli, bicaiiie the
basis of u comjiositiuii which she deiioiiiiuutid -Meinoiis
of an Heiress.
No sooner was her consent obtained, than Dr. Burncy,
who had long with regret, though witii pride, perceived
that at Streathum she had no time tiiat waj her own,
earnestly culled her tlieiici\
MR. ni-RKE.
The time is now come for commemorating the con-
nection which, next alone to that of Ur. Johnson, stands
hif{;licst in the literary honours of Dr. Burncy, namely,
that which he funned with tAlmund Burke.
'i'lieir first meetings had been merely accidental and
public, and wholly uiiaccoin|>anied by any private inti-
mui^y or intercourse ; though, from the time tliat tlie
author of Evelina had lieeii discovered, there had (Kissed
between them, on such occasional junctions, what Dr.
Blimey playfully called an amiahtt em/urlrj) of Niiiles,
and other symbols, that showed each to be tliiiiking of
the same thing: for .Mr. Burke, with lliat generous euer^y
which, when he escaped the feuds of I>arty, was Uie dis-
tinction of his character, and made tlic charm of his
oratory, had blazed around his approbation of tliut happy
little work, from the momi^nt that it hud fallen, inciden-
tally, into his hands ; and when he heard that tiie author,
from her aci|uaintaiice with tlie lovely and accomplished
lieices of ^Sir Joshua Kcynolds, was a visiter at the
house of that Kiiglisli liaphuel, he tluttcringly desired
of the knight an up|>uiiited hitcrview.
But from tliat,tliimgh enchanted as much as astonished
at such a projiosal from .\Ir. Burke, slic fearfully, and
with conscious iiisutlieieney, hung back ; hoping to owe
to cliuncc a less osliiitatious meeting.
Vnridiis parlies, during two or three yeors, had been
planned, but proved alH)rtivc; when in June, lTt£i, Sir
Joshua lieynulds invited Dr. Bumey anil tlie memorialist
to a dinner u|ion Itichmond Hill, to meet the Bishop of
St. Asaph, Miss Shipley, and some others.
This was gladly occepted by the doctor ; who now,
u|inn his new system, was writing more at his case ; and
by his daughter, who was still detained from Streatlia.n,
as her sceond work, though Anishcd, was yet in tlie
press.
Sir Joshua, anil his eldest ncicr, accompanied by
Lord Cork, called for them in St. .Martin's street; and
the drive was us lively, from the diseoursc witliin the
carriage, as it was pleasant from thu views williuut.
Here the editor, as no traits of Mr. Burke in conversa-
tion can l)C wholly uninteresting to an Englirh reader,
will venture to copy an account of this meeting, which
was written while it was yet new, and consoquently
warm ill her niumury, as uii utTering to her second
fattier,
HAMi'Ki. caisr, na. ciresixnTov.
" My dear Mr. frisp — At the Knight of Plympton's
house, on liiehmond Hill, next to the Star and Garter,
wo weru met by the Bishop of St. Asaph, who stands as
high in general esteem for agreeability a* for worth and
learning; and by his arcoinplislied and spirited daughter.
.>Iiss Shipley, My futhrr wus already aeijiiainuil ..(,j, I
Imth ; and to Imth I was introduced by Alisk I'dun,
" No other compniiy was nientioncd ; but fomv miiluj I
wliisjiers passed lictwein Sir Joshua, .Miss I'alnirr, irij I
iiiy tatlii r, that awakened in ine a notion that the pui , I
was not yet complete; and with that nolioii an idrj i;^'||
.Mr. Burke might be the awaited chief of the a.ssrtiit,|^r;. I
:br as they knew I had lung hud ns iiiurh r^eriira I
to si'C Mr. Burke as I had tears of nieeliiii; his cjwfi,. f
tioiis, I thought they might forbear naming him tuKin:!
■lie a tit of fright.
" Sir Joshua who, though full of kindncsp, drailv |.,rr, ■
a little innocent iiialiie, drew me rnon uthrwarils u,|l
window, to look at the Isautil'nl prospect l»l.,w ; tliCM,:^!
iiieundering of the Thames, and the brightly piiluri!t.iic|
situation of the elegant white house wliiili llorlitl
\Val|H)le '.' J made tlic Imbitution of I.ui1y lliaiu |'r-.g. I
clerk and her llir progeny; in order to gatlicr, 3( 1, 1
allerwurds laugliingly acknowledged, my Kntiiiirni<f|l
the view, that he might cpniiKire them with tlioft ni' Mi. f
llurke on the same scene ! However, I eteaprd, lucLiliJ
falling, through ignorance, into such a conipcliliun. tTl
the entrance of a large, though unannounced inrlj, in 1 1
muss. Tor as this was only a visit of a day, there itirtl
very few Kcrvants ; ond those few, I suppute, were prf.l
paring the dinner apartment; fur this group apirjnjl
to have found its own way up to the drawing rnnni, uiLhl
an easiness as well suited to its huniour, hy the cay urufl
its approach, us to that of Sir Joshua ; who holds nn.\
inuiiy almost in horror, and who received thciii witlieinl
any lorin or ajiology.
"He quitted me, however, to go forward, and pnll
with distinction a lady who was in the set. Tlirvstnl
all fuiiiihurly recognised by the Bishop and MissHi[i|«,l
as well as by Miss Palmer ; and some of tliein by ir^l
fuihiT, whose own face wore an expression of pleamrr,!
that hcl|)ed to fix a conjecture in my mind tliat (m|
amongst them, whom I peculiarly signalised, tall, indc
line de|iurtiiient, with an air of courtesy and conimtu
might Ih! E^hiiund Burke.
" Excited as I t'ult by this idea, I continued at mTl
pictureB(|ue window, as all tlie company were btnn^nl
to me, till Miss I'alincr gave her hand tu tlic
sus|>ccted, but unknown personage, saying in i
whisper, ' Klave I kept my promise at lust ! ' and ll
but in a lower tone still, and [Minting to the window, i
pronounced * Miss Burney.'
As this seemed intended for private informili
previously to an introduction, ho the p<'rson whoni I
might, though accidentally it was overheard, I indintlrl
bent my head out of the window, as if not attrndin; il
them : yet I caught, unavoidably, the answer, vrhitlJ
was uttered in a voice the most emphatic, tlionflil
low, 'Why did you tell mo it was Miss liurney? ImI
ou think I should not have known it 7'
An awkward feeling, now, from having still nn nrtainln
of my surmise, or of what it might produce, made iirJ
seize a spy glas.s, and set about re-examining the |ii«.|
|icct ; till a pat on tlic arm, soon after, hy Miss PalmerJ
turned ine round to the company, just as the still vn.
known, to my great regret, was going out of the rmul
with a footman, who strcmed to call him away iipngf
some sudden summons of business. But my rilkrJ
who was at Miss Palmer's elbow, said, 'Fanny— Mr]
(iibbon ! '
" This, too, was a great name ; but of how different il
figure and presentation ! F'at and ill-cnnslnirtid, Mrf
Uibbon has cheeks of such prodigious chubliiiK<s Ihit
they envelo|)e his nose so completely, as to render it, ml
profile, absolutely invisible. His look and iiiunner iral
placidly mild, but rather cflTcminalo ; his voice,— fur hel
was s|M!aking to Sir Joshua at a little distance,— ia (rentlf J
but of studied precision of accent. Yet, with tli(«l
Brobdignatious checks, his neat little teet ore ol' il
miniature description; and with these, as soon ii II
turned round, he hastily descrilicd a quaint nnrt nf cirr!r,|
with small quick steps, and a dap|icr gait, as if to mirl
the alacrity of his approach, and then, stoppinc »Imi1
when full face to ino, he made so singularly prol'oiinii i
Imw, Uiot — though hardly able to keep my gr»vity-Ij
felt myself blush deeply at its undue, but p>lr<ili';r
intended obscquiuusnoss.
This demonstration, however, over, his senie of p
liteness, or project of flattery, was satisfied: for btl
spoke not a word, though his gallant advance Ktniciitol
indicate a design of bestowing upon nie a littio rhdonJ
cal touch of a eompliment. But, an all eyes in llie n«inl
were suddenly cant upon us both, it is pussibls Im |*'-I
took a littio himself of the oinharrasnmcnt hecnuld noli
hut sec that ho occasionod ; and was thcrofuro unwillm^J
Vou will rail me n
jx isothf r Mr. Burl
■I OIF ho lung en<jugl
^ Sr Joshua next i
B^inlo this select
*iiKll.>n. She a PI
pt silral and nservc
I i'l/J.Mhua then w<
pwic with Mr. F
ffi^.u'n Burke, the c
«THf: llurke. They
•»i tjfreealdc ; but at
|ti*Uj»crmg chief.
1 llw proud iliould
T«""«ion of .Mr. Ii
Hraliu fleeting, hi
' af luatlcr; and
»«k«r widi such n
i«>irwiih which all
'•^'Ijr iluliiicated li
f '<■! «oi«oc<!, my, t
*;'i »niii. says ini
I «;IUlltlKi belter
^^i" u I htu hen
iMRnolItS OF DR. Ut'RNEV.
379
iicly ni'ijuaiiiiid ..m.^
J liy Alls* I'tliiiit
>(1 ; hut ^oitivMiiiiii T I
in, .Mii<s rnlnicr, ;;,
loticjii (liiit t'lr |K,i ; I
t iiolinii an idra tjl
?f of till' a.H|(ClllbLi;r ; I
I nt iiiurli nutrnfi, I
inrrtini; his cxinftj. [
naniiiig him lu hn I
lindncRP, iliaily |..tfi|
Koon atliTwards Uii\
ispcct ImIi.w ; ll.t,.,:n
hri({htly liiituriK.ucI
loiivc whiih iliiricl
)f Liiity l)i;ina I'r.j. I
rdir to j;;itlit'r, a* tr I
red, u\J »ilitiiiirn;.ff|
cm with thwr oi'Mt f
ur, I ctraiwd, luiiilvj
cli a campcliliun. bTl
miioiiiict'd intty, mil
, ol" a day, Ihcrt urn I
I Rii|i|iucr, were pie. [
this group a|i|.«ndl
c drawinj; rnnni, iIlIiI
lour, hy tlic cay iir uil
iim ; who holdn nn.l
:t'ci'ivcd thciii witlitiitl
:o furward, and [[cttl
I the BC't. Thn icnl
hop and Mi!ist>bi|ilei,|
some nf Ihi'iii by ir.jl
\prcssiun ot* plpafurr,!
II my mind tliat ivl
eifrnaliscd, tall, and off
lurtesy and conimtc^
I, I continued at injl
nnpany were ktranfitn
her iiand tu the
ge, saying in i
<c at la8t ? ' aud I
ing tothc wiwlow.il
private informati
the p<'rpon wliom I
overheard, I iniluilj
Bii it' not attfiidinti
the answer, irhi(li|
niphatie, tlia
Mi»» Itiirney? lUl
it?'
aving still no cerlainm
lit prodncr, inadf n.^
•exainining the pi»|
iftcr, hy Mias PalnitrJ
just an the still iinJ
[ling out of the rc>iiii|
call him away ii|>
Pfs. But my fillitrj
said, ' Fanny— SlrJ
1ml of how difforetit il
ill-conslruelrd, Mrf
rioiis chubliiiinis lliit
^ly, an to render il, iol
look and inanmr »re|
his voice,— for hel
/distance,— il fonllf J
nt. Yet. with lho«|
littlo feci ore of
thciio, as soon u 11
I quaint sort nf cirrlf,|
er gait, as if tomii'^
then, otoppincf'
lingularly profound il
liccp my griviiy-'l
undue, but pjlpfn
I a.jnrcfiared, to hold forth to publicly upon — ho
I iit-rli, pedup*. I^nciv what! — fur, uiilois my piirtial
lyrj^hiu >houtd just then have (loureil it into his cars,
L„ i.iiie i< it lilw'>' .Mr. Uibbou ahuulil have huurU ul
\l»'.,ai'.
Ealtl 'bi* moment, to my great relief, the unknown
.^„ appeared; and with ■ ipirit, an uir, u deportinoiit
1^1 j(t.,ied to uprcad aruund him the glow of (iloasurc
L,tl, aiiicb lie hiinaelf «a« vinibly ethilurated. Hut
iKnth vu there none; lor dinmr, which Ikupikmc had
li:i::rJ him, was at the ranu' iii>lant (iroclaiiiiod ; anil
ilK company, in a niijieil, <|uit« irregular, and even
I Jji'uK'd manner, dc»ccnJod, ian$ cnemunie, lo tlio eat-
It
IH
ver, his sense of ptvl
'as satisfied : for hsl
advance seemed lul
me a little rhflori-l
■II eyes in lb«n«»«I
.1 is possible h« ps'-l
issmenl he could noil
thcrofure unwillinjiT
iil'iur.
fnc unknown. Iiowcvcr, catchinir the arm and the
^,j „prl ol' Sir Jtuliua, as they were coming down stairH,
u'laJifd something, in a rather rupruachful tune, in
ur iTiiL'hl'' ear; to which Sir Jonliua inadu no audible
tvnr. Uot when lio bad placed hiiiisctf at Ins l.tblc.
UcaMuut smilingly, ''Cijiiie, Miss Uuniey! — will
i.a like a seat next mine?" — adding, as if lu reward
t: i"V alert niaipliance, " and tbuii — .Mr. Uurku hIiuII
n'kiyour other sido."
-0 no, indeed !" cried the sprightly Miss Shipley,
lu «» ai«> next to Sir Joshua, "I sha'n'l agree to
Uil! .Mr. Bjrke must fit next iiie! I won't consent
b«n«ilh bull. So pray come, and sit down quiet,
M:. Buike."
\|'. Burke — ibr .Mr. Burke, Edmund Burke it was ! —
iti^,>nd obeyed.
-I only prn|HMcd it to make my peace with Mr.
Boikc," raid Sir Joshua, pasxively, " by giving him that
|u«; Ibr he his been scolding mo all the way down
liUiri fur not having introduced him to Miss Burney ;
IsKtof I must do it now — .Mr. Burke ! — .Miss Bur-
«( '"
tVc both half rose, to reciprocate a littlo Rahitation ;
liiiMr. Burke said: "I havu been complaining to Sii
Ij^hu that lie lefl me wlmlly tu my own sagacity, —
i.ic I, hom ver, did not horc deceive mo !"
Deilirhlediv as my dear father, who had never licfore
Iks Mr. Uurke in private so.iety, enjoyed this encoiiii-
IsT, 1. niy dear Mr. Crisp, had a delight in it that trans.
Ifts^rd all comparison. No expectation that 1 had
\imi v( .Mr. B'ltke, either from his works, his
lijdtliei. Ins character, or his lame, had anticipated to
iMiicha man as I now met. He appeared, perhaps.
In UiM moment, to the highest possible advantage in
lw:iii, vivacity, and spirits. Removed from the impo-
mtia a::;ruvations of party contentions, that, at times,
Ih i:i:Umiii2 his passions, seem, momentarily at IuukI,
Ikjiwrder liis character, he was lulled into gentleness
k 'Ji( grateful fechngs of prosperity; uxliilarated, but
iMinioilealed, by sudden success; and just risen, alter
^-tiojvci.'s of failures, disapiMintments, lire, and fury,
UMre, aduence, and lionours ; which were brightly
■ilin; on the icnith of his powers, lie looked, indeed,
>ii'lieh.id no wish hut to diirusc philanthrophy, ploa-
r>.]nj genial gaiety all around.
Il:«l>;ure. when he is not negligent in his carriage,
|iiwti!c: his air, commanding; his address, graceful ;
sixceelear, penetrating, sonorous, and |ioworful; Uh
i]:n^, copious, eloquent, and changcfnlly impressive ;
a jianacrs are attractive ; bis conversation is past all
Vou will call me mad, I know; — but if I wait till I
iiaolher Mr. Burke for such another fit of ecstasy—
11 ait bo long enough in my very sober good senses !
^r Jwhiia next made Mrs. Burkii greet the now
IT into Ihissek'ct circle; which she did with marked
Miartion. She appears to bo plcasinj; and sensible,
'ilrnt and reserved.
^r J.Hhua then went through tho same iutroductory
m;Mtc with .Mr. Richard Burke, the hrolhor; Mr.
'fOtm Iturkr, the cousin ; and young Burke, tho son
s'THK Ilurke. They all, in dilfi-Tenl ways, seem lively
Ul! ijreeablu ; but at mileii, and myriads of miles, from
lliii Uj»ciing chief,
Un proud iiiould I be to give you ■ sample of the
""""ainKi of Mr. iturke ! But tho subjects were, in
Jimiil, w fleeting, his ideas so fullof variety, of gaiety,
|ud ji' luaiicr; and he darted from one of them tu
>Mktr wiih such rapidity, that tho manner, the eyo.
'•Ill with which all was pronounced, ought to bo so-
T.»ly doliucated to do any justice to the ctroclthat
f»7 Kolsnco, niyrthat every word produced U|ion his
■UiniMoi liearcra and beholders.
J'j'l il»in, says my .Mr. Crisp; stark, staring mad !
»'IUII Hm belter ; for " there's a pleasure in lieinjf
W, u I have hcaid you quote from Nat I^a, or
sumo other old piny. v\' right, " that none but madmen
know."
I iiiiisl not, however, (ail l'> parliculnrisc one |ioint of
his discourse, hi'c.iiisu 'tisupun your mvii favourite lioliby,
pulilics: and my I'atliur very iiiuuli admired its canduui
and frankness.
In speaking nf the great lord Chatham while ho was
yet Mr. I'ill, Mr, Burke cnnlbssed his lordship lo have
been the only jicrsun whom ho, Mr. Burki',iliil not name
in parliniiieiit wilhont caution. But I.urd Clialhani, he
'.<n>d, had obtained so preponderating a licighl of public
fu'. our, that though, ucensiunally, ho could not concur
ill its iMithiiHiaHiii, he would not attempt lo op|Ki8c its
ery. lie then, liu*evcr, |>o»ilively, nay solemnly, pro
tested, tliut this was the only suhject ii|Kin which iiediil
not talk with exactly tho same o|ioiiiicss and sincerity in
llii^ house as nt the tiible.
Ho lioslowed tho must llhcrul praise U|ion Lord Chut,
ham's second sun, tho nuip young Williani i'ltt, will
whom he is acting ; and who had not only, he said, the
most truly extraordinary talents, hut who upiiearnd to
be iininodiately giiled hy naluruwilh the judgiiieiit which
others ac<|uiru hy cx|iorieiicc.
"Though judgment," hu presently added, " is not so
rare in youth us is grneially supposed. 1 have coin-
nionly observed, that those who do not jmsscis it early
are apt to miss il late."
Bui tho suhjert on which ho most enlarged, and most
brightened, was Cnidiiinl Ximcnes. which was brought
forward, accidcntiilly, by .Miss Shipley.
That young lady, with tho plensiiro nf youthful ex-
iiltutinn ill n lilorary honour, proclaimed that she had
just received u letter from the fuinnus Doctor Franklin.
Mr. Burke, then, to .Miss Shipley's great delight, burst
forth into an eulogy of the abilities and character of
Dr. Franklin, which lie mingled with a history the most
striking, yet simple, of his life; and a veneration the
most proliiund for his eminence in science, and his libe-
ral senliineiits and skill in |Nditics.
This led him, imperceptibly, to a dissertation npon
the lieauty, but rnrity, of great minds sustaining great
(lowers to great old age ; illustrating his rcinnrks by his-
torical proofs, and biographical nnecdole^ uf nntii|nc
worthies ; — till ho came to Cardinal Ximencs, who lived
lo his nineliothyeor. .\nd here he made a pause. He
could go, ho said, no further. Pertcctiuii rested there !
Ili.i pause, however, producing only a generni silence,
that indicated no wish of speech but from himself, he
suddenly burst forth again into an oration so glowing
so flowing, so noble, so divinely eloquent, unpon tho life
conduct, and endowments of this cardinal, that I telt as
if I had never before known what it wns to listen ! I
saw Mr. Burke, and .Mr. Burke only ! Nothing, no one
else was visible any more than audible. I seemed sud-
denly organised into a new inlelloclual existence, thai
was wholly ongrnsseil by one single use of the senses of
seeing und hearing, tu the total exclusion of every oh
ject but of tho figure of Mr. Burke; and of every sound
hut that of his voice. All else — my dear father alone
excepted — appeared but amalgamations of tho chairs on
which they woro seated ; and seemed placed round the
table merely as furniture.
I cannot pretend lo write yon such a speech — but
such sentences as I can recollect with cxactitudo, I can
not let puss.
The cardinal, ho uaid, gave counsel ai\d admonition
to princes and sovereigns with the calm courago and
dauntless authority with which he might have given
them to his own children : yet, to such iiublo cuurage,
ho joined a humility still iiiorc inagiianiinous, in never
desiring to disprove, or to disguise his own lowly origin
but confessing, at limes, with openness and simplicity
his surprise at the height of tho mountain to which
froiii so duup a valley lie had ascended. And, in the
midst of all his greatness, ho personally visited tho vil-
lage in which ho was tiorn, whero ho touchingly recog-
nised what remained of his kith and kin.
Next, ho descanted upon the erudition of this exem-
plary prolate; his scarce collection of bibles; his
une(|uall9d mass of rare manuscripts; his charitable
institutions : his learned seminaries ; and his stupendous
university at Alcnla. *' Yet so untinged," ho continued,
" was his Kcliolaslio lore with the bigotry of the times;
and so untainted with its des|iotism, that, even in its
most forcible acts for securing the press from licentious.
nets, he had the enlargement of mind to permit the
merely ignorant, or merely needy instruments of its
abuse, when detected in promulgating profane works,
from licing involved in tiieir destruction; (or though,
on sucli occasions, he caused the culprit's slio;)s, or ware.
huusns, lu bi.' strictly searched, he let previous notice of
liis orders Ih' given to tliu owners, who then privily
excLiilcd jiiilginciit llieniselvcs upon I he peccant pro-
|ierly; while they preserved what was nniie, as well as
their personal liberty : hut — if tho iiiiMlemeaiiuiir wero
coinmittcd a second lime, ho manfully lel'l the oU'enderi
unaided and unpilied lo ils furlciluro.
"Tu a vigour," Mr. Hurko went on, "that seemed
never to calculate u|Nin danger, he joined a prudence
thai seemed never tu run a risk. Ihough often tho
object of aspersion — as who, conspicuous in the puhticat
world, is nut 1 — ho always refused to iirnsecule; he
vi'ould not even answer his culumnialors. He held that
all classes had a right to stand for something in public
lili' ! * We,' he said, 'who are at tho head, act ; — in
• ■ud's name let lliiise who are at the other end, talk!
If wo arn wrong, 'tis our duly lu hearken, and to
mend '. If wo are right, we may lie content eiiuugh with
our superiority, tu lencli unpruvuked iiiulico ils impo-
tence, by leaving it to its own tester.'
'* So elevated, indeed," Mr. Burke continued, " was
his disdain of dotraction, that instead ol suH'ering it to
blight his tranquillity, ho taught it to become the spur
lo his virtues I"
Mr. linrko again paused ; paused as if overcome by
the warmth ofhis own omution of admirntinn; nnd pre-
sently ho gravely piotested, that the multifarious |ier-
fcctions of Cardinal Xiinenos wero beyond human de-
lineation.
Soon, however, afterwards, as if fearing he had become
loo seriuus, ho ruse lo help himself tu some distant fruit,
liir all this had passed during the dessert ; and then
while slanding in the noblest ntlitiidc, ond with a sud-
den smile full uf radiant ideas, ho vivaciuusly exclaimed,
" .No imagination — not even the imagination of Miss
Burney! — eunid have invented a character soextraotdi-
iiary as that of Cardinal Xinienes ; no |ion — not oven the
|ieii uf .Miss Burney ! — could have described il ade-
quately !"
Think of me, my dear Mr. Crisp, at a climax so un-
expoclcd ! my eyes, at the moment, being o|)cnly rivet-
ed u|iun him; my head bent Ibrwaid with excess of
eagerness ; my attention exclusively his own ! — but now,
by this sudden turn, 1 myself became tho universally
absorbing object ! for insiantaneuusly, I lelt every eye
ii|ioii my faco ; and my cheeks tingled as if they wore
the healed focus uf stares that almost burni them alive !
And yet, you will laugh when 1 tell you, that Ihough
thus struck 1 had not time lu bo disconcerted. The
wliido was momenlary ; 'twas like a flash nf lightnin|(
in the evening, which makes every object of a dazzling
brightness for n quarter of an iii;>taiit, and then leaves
all ngaiii lo twilight obscurity.
.Mr. Burke, by his delicacy, as much as by his kind-
ness, reminding me of my opening encouragement from
Dr. Johnson, looked now every where rather inaii at me ;
as if ho hud made tho allusion by mere chance; and
(lew from it with a velocity that quickly drew back
again to himself the eyes which ho had Irnnsilorily em-
ployed to see how his superb compliment was taken :
though not before 1 had caught from my kind Sir Joshua,
a look of congratulatory sportivencss, convoyed by a
comic nod.
My dear Mr. Crisp will be the last to want to bo told
that I received this speHcli as the more cftcrvesccncu of
chivalrous gallantry in .Mr. Burke; — yet, to be its ob-
ject, oven in pleasantry, — O, my deal Mr. Crisp, how
could I have foreseen such a distinction 7 My dear
father's eyes glistened — 1 wish you could Imvo had a
glim|>sc of him!
"There has been," Mr. Burko then, smilingly, re-
sumed, " an age fur all excellence ; we have had an ago
for statesmen; an ago (or heroes; an ago for |)oels; an
age for artists; — but this," bowing down with an nir of
obsequious gallantry, his lioad almost U|ion the table
cloth, " This is the ago for women !"
" A very happy modern improvement !" cried Sir
Joshua, laughing ; " don't you think so. Miss Durney 7 —
hul that's nut a liiir qiiestiun to put to you ; so we won't
innko a point of your answering it. However," con-
tinued tho dear natural knight, " what Mr. Burke says
is very true, now. The women licgin to make n figure
in every thing. Though I ronienibcr, when I first
came into the world, it was thought but a poor compli
inunt to say n person did a thing like a Indy !"
'•Ay, Sir Joshua," criod my father, "but, like Mo-
licro's physician, noiit ornn* chanpt tout tela ."*
" Very true. Dr. Uurnny," replied (ho knight ; " but I
remombor the lime— nnd so, 1 dare say, do you — when
it was tliounht a sliglil, if not a anecr, to speak any
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3R0
MEMOIRS <»F I>R. niTRNEY.
't
tliiii); ol'a liicly'H |iL'rfiiiiimnri.- : i( van only in niiN^krry
III Inik III' |iiiiiiliii)r like n tudy ; kinj;inK ''''° * 'ixly ;
plnyiiiU like » hiily — "
" lliil iiiiiv," inti'irn|i|('il Mr. Hiirko, wnrinly, "In
talk iirH'ritiii;! liki' u lidy, is tlir jirviitcst cuiii|iliMicnl
\SX'> '' ' "'"' '"'''' '"^ U'iKliciil liir liy n innii!"
'":;«jv,. Wiiiilil you liclicvc it, my iluildy — cvory lintly now,
'39^ "^. I liiiiiHiilt'und my rnllii'raxro|itcil,liiriinil iilNiiil,Sir Jo»liun
in^'^' leiuliiiu the wuy — to ninko a little iilayful bow tu...can
jUtS' yon over (.'limn to whom ?
*^' Mr. Kiirki', then, nrclily shriiKeing lilii ulinitlilcm, odil.
cd, " What in Iclt now, txriiiiiivcly, lor I'S; and what
wc are to dcvino in onr dollMirc, i know not 1 We nei'ni
to hnvi' notliiii); lor it hut nHKiimiii); a Hovcrcigii con-
ti'in|it ! for the next nioyt dij^nilied tiling to |io»iiC88ing
inrrit, ia nn heroic hnrharisiii in dnHiiiHing it !"
1 can recollect notliini; else — so adicii I
Ono woril, however, more, liy way of my laul iipeech
and conleiivion on tlii* mihject. Shinild yon demand,
now that I have Hern, in tiieir own tiK-ial circles, the
two liriit men of letterN of onr d.iy, how, in ono word, I
^D^'*^ shiiuld diKcriminalo them; I answer, that I think Dr.
^^■- ' • Johnson the first disconrser, and Mr. Uurko the first
coiivervcr, oftlio liriti."!) om|nrc.
MH. HIilllON.
It may accm strange, in pivin^ an account of (his
meetinjj, not to have recited even one s|ieech from so
celchrated an author as .Mr. (iihlMin. iiut not ono is
recollected. His countenance looked always serene;
yet ho did not appear to Iw at his ease. His name and
iiitnrn I'ainn sccnu'd to be moro in his thoughts than
the present society, or than any pr(A<ent enjoyment :
and the exalted spirits of .Mr. llurke, at this period,
might rather alarm than allure a man whose sole rare in
existence seemed that of paying his court to (loslcrity ;
and induce him, therefore, to evade coming into colli-
sion with so dauntless a coniiwcr; from the sage ap-
prehension of making a less splendid figure, at this mo-
ment, as a collui|uial coni|ictitor, than he had reason to
cx|icrt making, liereaflor, as a Roman historian.
Sir Joshua Reynolds, however, gave, B|iortively, and
with much self amusement, another turn to his silence;
for after significantly, in a wliis|M-r, asking the memo,
rialist, whether sho had re-narked the taciturnity of .Mr.
fiililion F — he laughingly demanded also, whether she
had discovered its cause I
" No,"' she answered ; " nor guessed it."
"Why, he's terribly afraid you'll snatch at him ibr
a character in your next hook !"
• » • • •
It may easily be imagined that the few words, but
highly distinguishing manner in which .Mr. Rurkc had
80 courteously marked his kindness towards Ectlina ;
or, .1 I'oiiiig Ladift Entrance into the World, awakened
in the mind of l)r. Ruruey nn small impatience to de-
velope what might be his opinion of Cecilia; or. The
Memoir* of an lleircs; just then on the evu of publica-
tion.
t And not long was his parental anxiety kept in SUS'
pense. I'liat generous orator had no sooner given an ca-
/ ,f gcr |icrusal to the work, than he condescended to write a
V letter of the most indulgent, nay elo<|uentapprovancc to
I its highly honoured author; for whom he vivaciously
] displayed a flattering partiality, to which he inviolably
I adhered through every change, either in his own afl'airs,
or in hers, to the end of his lile.
« • » • »
All' thn manuscript memorandums that remain of the
year 1732, in the hand-writing of Dr. Rurney, are teem-
I ing with kind exultation at the progress of this second
publication ; though the anecdote that most amused
■ iiiin, and that he wrote triumphantly to the author,
>- was ono that had been recounted to him (lorsonally at
:' liuxton, whence the then Ixird dianccllor, Thurlow,
; '__ went on a visit to Iiord (tower, at 'rrcnlham ; where, on
i! being conducted to a splendid library, he took a volume
' ', ' of Cecilia out of his |Mx:ket, exclaiming, " What signily
\ ' all your fine and flourishing works here 7 See I have
,',1 brought you a little book that's worth them all !" and
ho threw it upon the table, open, comically, at the pas-
■ape where llobson talks of " »ny Lord High Chancellor,
and the like uf that."
'h * * * • «
From the time of tlic Richmond Hill asseinhlagr, the
* ' acquaintance of Dr. Ourney witli Mr, Rurkc ri|H'iK'd into
' , a regard that was soon incllnwed into true and genial
y • friendship, such oh well suited the uiimitive characters,
'iJii however it might cloah, occasionally, witli tlic current
y*^ IwliticB, of both.
Influenced by such a chief, (he whole of the family of
Mr. Riirke followed his rxanipli'; and the son, brother,
and cousin, always joineil the diiclor and his daughter
ii|Hiii every ar<'iijriital opiMirliinity : while .Mrs. Riirke
lallcd in St. Marlins strirl lo fix the ueipiaintancj', by a
prrssiiig iiivilaliiin In Imtli liither and daughter, to (hiss
a week at Rraconsficld.
Nut to have done this at so favourable a juncture in
the spirilx, the |Hiwrrs, and the huppiness of .Mr. Rurke,
always ri>li'd on Imlh their minds with considiTablc re-
gri'l ; and on one of ihi'iii it rests still ! fur an hour with
Mr. Riirke, in that bright halcyon s<'nsoii of his glory,
conceiitralcd in mailer, and eiiils'lliBhed in mniiner, as
much wit, wisdom, and information, as might have dc.
inanded weeks, inuiiths, — iH'rhaps more — lo elicit from
any other person: — and even, |N'rlia|>s, at any other |ic-
riml, from himself: — Dr. Johnson always excepted.
Rut the engagements ot Dr. Rurney tied him In the
capital ; and no suspicion oei'iirred that the same rcsplcn-
ilcnl sunshine which then illinninatcd the lortiinc, th<^
faculties, and the character of Mr. Rurke, would not
(••lually vivify a fiitnrc invitation. Not one forcbwling
clniid lowered in Ihc air with misty menace of the deadly
tempests, public and domestic, that were hurtling over
llie head of that exalted but |>assion-swaycd orator;
though such were so soon to darken the refulgence, now
so vivid, of his felicity and his liiinc; the public, by
warping his judgnient — the domestic, by breaking his
heart!
• • • » •
MRS. TIIUAI.K.
Dr. Riirncy, when the Cecilian bnsineiis was arranged,
again conveyed the ineinorialist to Streatham. No fur-
ther reluctance on his part, nor exhortations on that of
.Mr. Crisp, sought to withdraw her from that s|iot,
where, while it was in its glory, they had so recently,
and with pride, seen her distinguished. And truly eager
was licr own haste, when mistress of her time, to try
once iiiore to soothe those sorrows and chagrins in which
she had most largely |iartiei|Hited, by answering to tlie
call, which had never ceased tenderly to pursue Iter, of
return.
With alacrity, therefore, though not with gaiety, they
rc-tuitcred the .Streatham gates — but they goon perceived
that they found not what they had lel\ !
Changed, indeeil, wan Streatham ! (ionc its chief,
and changi'd his relict! — unaceountnbly, incomprehen-
sibly, imlcrinably changed ! She was absent and agi-
tated ; not two minut<!8 could she remain in a place ; she
scarcely si.-cmcd to know whom she aaw ; her Rpecch
was so hurried it was harilly intelligible ; her eyes were
assiduously averted from those who sought tliein ; and
her smiles were faint and forced.
The doctor, who had no op|)ortunity to communicate
his rcuiarks, went luck, as usual, to town ; where soon
also, with his tendency, as usual, to view every thing
cheerfully, he revolved in his mind tiic new cares and
avocations by which Mrs. 'I'hralo was perplexed; and
iwrsuaded himself that the alteration which had struck
iiim, was simply the cfl'ect of her new position.
Too near, however, were the observations of the me-
morialist for so easy a solution. The change in her
friend was ojually dark and melancholy ; yet not per-
sonal to the memorialist was any alteration. No affec-
tion there was lessened ; no kindnesii cooled ; on the con-
trary, Mrs. Thralo was more fervent in both; more
(ouchingly (cnder ; and softened in disimsition beyond all
expression, all description; but in every thing else, — in
health, spiritii, comfort, general looks, and manner, the
change was at once universal and deplorable. All was
misery and mystery : misery tlic most roatless; mystery
the most unfathomable.
The mystery, however, soon ceased ; the oolicitations
of the nioiit alfeelionate sympathy could not long he
urged ill vain; — the mystery passed away — not so the
misery I That, wln^n revealed, waa but to both parties
doubled, from the different fcelinga act in movement by
its discloeurc.
1'hc astonishing history of the enigmatical attachment
which imptdled Mrs. Thralo to her second marriage, is
now as well known as her name: but its details Iwlong
not to the history of Dr. Rurney ; (hough (ho fact too
deeply interested him, and was too intimately felt in his
social habits, to be iiasscd over in silence in any incmoira
of his life.
Rut while ignorant yet of its cauac, more and more
struck he became at every meeting, by a species of gene-
ral alienation which pervaded all around at StrcaUiam.
His visits, which, liere(ofore, had seemed galas (o Mrs.
Tlirole, were now begun and ended almoit without no-
tice: and all ollicrs, — Dr. Johnson '">• cxci |ilii||_^ I
cost into llic same gulf of general neglect, or lurtmi,! I
ncss ; — all, — save singly this mcmorlalisl I— lo wlioin n J
fatal secret once acknowledged, Mrs. 'I'h rale cIuiiki»I
coiiifurl ; though she saw, anil gcneruiisly iNirdbiad hi,,l
wide she was I'roin meeting approbation, ' I
In this retired, though far from tranquil mannrrl
IHisscd many months ; during which, with ihi' imu,^
cent consent of the doctor, his daughter, wlmllv il(t(.|,<L
lo her uiiluippy friend, remained nninterrupleiily at ^
and alteied Streatham ; sedulously avoiding, H|„t ,
other times she most wished, a lete a tttr uiili j^j
father. Round by ties indissoluble of honour not in i^ J
Ir.iy a trust that, in the ignorance of hiv pjiy, ,,),( ^
herself unwittingly sought, even to him she was ^%^,^
niu(ably silent on this subject a* to all otlicni,— i,,J
singly, to the eldest daughter of (lie house ; wliiwe ccjl
duct, through scenes of dreadful ditliculty, nol« iihuUw
ing her extreme youtJi, was even exemplary ; mH i
wiiom Uio ■cll'-lieguiled, yet generous niolhir, give M
and free |icrniission to confide every thought ami lUliiiil
to (he niciiiorialis(.
And here let a tribute of friendship be olfirrd up \i
the shrine of remembranee, due from a tlioimand intfl
faceably tender recollections. Not wildly, and wiili nujJ
and headstrong (mssions, as has currently liccn umnti
was this connection brought to licar on the iwrl ol° Mhl
'I'hralc. It was struggled against at times willi trrj
agonising energy, and with ett'nrtM so vehrniciil, as nnrj
ly to destroy the [loor niachine they were cxcrlcd I
save. Rut the subtle |ioison had glided into litr viim «
uiisus|H'i:tcdly, and, at first, so unnpiioscdiv, llial
whole fabric was int'ected with its venom; wliirli ttr
to lieeonie a pari, never to lie dislodged, of its nysitm.
It was, indeed, llie positive opinion of her jitiynraL
and friend, ,Sir I.iicas I'cpys, that so excited utrc Q
teelings, and so shuttered, by their early iiidiilgrncr, i
her frame, that the crisis which might lie prnduc
through, the medium of decided resistance, oflcrtd i
itlier alternative but death or madness !
• * • • a
Various incidental circumstances began, at lrn^h,l.
o|>cn the reluctant eyes of Dr. Rurney to an iiii|M||'f4
though clouded foresight, of the portentous ivinl vliiH
might latently be (lie cause of (he aheration of all irogii
at Streatliam. He tlien naturally wished for Home tj
planation with his daughter, (hough he never foind.c,
even claimed her confidence; well knowing that voluuJ
rily to give it him had been her earliest dcliglit.
Rut in taking her home witli him one niorniii|r, t
jiass a day in St. Martin's street, he ahnoat involunliiilil
in driving from tiic (laddock, turned liack liis hcidti
wards tlio house, and, in a tune the most impretiiif
sighed out : " Adieu, Streatham, adieu !"
His daughter |>crceived his eyes were gliilcnlnrl
though he presently dropt tlicm, and bowed doKn lu
head, as if not to distrem her by any look of ciamini
tion ; and said no more.
Her tears, which had long been with difiiculh' i
strained from overflowing in his presence, through p
at tlic unliappincss, and even more at what she IhougJ
the infatuation of her friend, now burst forth, from cjm
tions that surprised away forltcarancc.
Dr. Rurney sat silent and quiet, to give her Unit I
recollection ; though fully expecting a trusting comniJ
nication.
She gave, however, none : his commands alone c
have forced a disclosure ; but he soon felt convinci'd 1
her taciturnity, that she must have been Imimd tocnnct
inent. He pitied, therefore, but res|iceled her Mcmjj
and, clearing his brow, finished the little journey in c
versing u|ioii their own aA'airs,
I'liis delicacy of kindness, which the mrmoriali!! r
not recollect and nut record, filled her with ever liit
gratitude.
• • • • t
DR. JOHNSON.
A few weeks earlier, tlie memorialist had panrdl
nearly similar scene with Dr. Johnson. Not, hovrn
she Ulicves, from the same formidable spccirt of i
mis<' ; hut from the wounds inflicted on his injured t
sibility, through the palpably altered looks, tone, and d
portment, of the bewildered lady of tlie niaiuion; ahl
cruelly aware what would he his wrath, and howonj
wlichning his reproaches against her projccint vm
wished to break up their residing under tlic tame i
belbrc it should be proclaimed.
This gave to her whole behaviour towards Dr. M
son, a sort of rcstleas pctulancy, of which the wtiwin
times hardly conscioui; at otiien, nearly recklcni'
She was deeply to
I uIrt ilecliiiiiig the
Ik had indubitably i
Iniws alienation.
W, timt he saw and
in Ilia feelings ; whili
Bent Uial bound her
I'M, Hill manifested
tkuifeialikc from (
ilofiiiicd, ond even
'itliil to its indiilgei
Tlic "Adieu, S(i
Spiniively by Dr.
it"icarncii« lo rcalit'
I »»iii»([ » inen> matt
Pief, however far fi
Dt. Bumey, Streiillii
MKMOIBS OF UR. UlIRNICY.
:uM
1 not fxc«|it<cl,_»t„|
I iirgUxt, c.r lotpiiuJ
irlalii.1!— lowli„iii,i|J
MfB. 'I'liralc cluiij io||
ia(iun> I
[)m tranquil mannfrj
icli, wilh (lie »f,||„^
iirlilrr, wildly i|„(,|,4
iiiiintFrruplL'iily at i_^
\y avoidiiiu, xlmi]
lelt a Ittt Kiili njj
c of hniiuur not li> (kJ
! of liiT pity, klic 1,,^
him hIiu h an at ug-
• to nil otlicni,— t»J
10 lioiiHC ; wlumc conj
illicully, iiotH iHmun
n exemplary ; anil i,
roua niotlicr, jrttr full
ry lliouglil and litlinj
Isliip be offirrd iip \d
from a tlinii8and '\kI\
t wildly, and wilh t
urrcntly Iwcn a»«t1ni
;ar on the |Nirl of Mn
it at limi'8 Willi n,i
1 RO vehrmiiil, aa Dcti]
they were cjirlid I
;liilcd into liir n'mn
unopiKwcdIr, tlial ilJ
venom; which i
.Kljred, of its pyslcm.
inion of hrr phymrii
at BO exeitt'd wirr btJ
r early indiil|;ciK'r, wij
li niifrht lie prmlui
re«iKtancc, offurid i
inesa !
res bepan, at Icnjlh, M
[lurney to an iiiiialM
portentous ivint «liitl
alteration of all umuT
y wished for Home ti
ich he never forced, i/
knowing that volgol^
arlievt dellglit.
him one niornin;, t
ahnoat involunlanJ
nied luck his hod ii|
the moat impretiin
dieu!"
eyes were (fliilciiin{|
and bowed down I
any look of cuDiini
ccn with difficulty i
presence, through pit
at what she thou|li
burst forth, from ejM
ncc.
, to (five her lime fJ
ng a trusting comma
commands alone c
loon felt conviiicrd li
been bound toonct
csjiccted her i«tr«)j
c little journey in c
li the mrmoriali!l n|
her with crcr lim
)ur towards Dr. Jol
f which she wan wn"
I, nearly rccklc»i I
jhich huft him fur moro tliiin she piir|ios<'il, tliMU(;li
Ijurtcil'lhc [lolnt at wliieh bIic aiimd, of preeiplUitin^ a
I rtuP! "' dwelliuB that would ehido its lieiiig cast,
I fllhir l>y liinwlf or the world, U|xiii a iHiHsioii that her
I iadcr»la'"''"B hlusheil to own ; even while she was sacri-
„„, 10 i( all of inborn dignity tJmt sliu liaU been bred
Lud most sacred. , , „
Dr. JrJinson, while still uninformed of an ontangle-
I amt it v.Mis imiMMHihlu ho should conjecture, attribut-
lidhfr varying hiimours to the eH'ecl of wayward health
liretinif » sort of sudden wayward |Hiwer; and imngined
J liil caprices, which he judged to b<! |>urtly feiiiiniiie,
I ltd iHrtly wealtliy, would solieriso tlieiiiselves away in
ItnUL' uiinolieod. Ho adhered, therefore, to wliut he
I iboiijhl liis |>ost, ill being the ostensible guardian pro-
I ifflor ol' the relict and progeny of the late cliii'f of tlio
I hM«i taking nu open or visible notice of the alterution
I it Ibc auccessor— save only at times, and when they
Inrrlrte ij ttle, to this nieiiiorialist ; to whom he fre-
I •awlly murmured portentous observations on the woeful,
lairiUnning detrriorotion in health and dikposition of
Ihn'vhom, so lately, ho had aignaliscd as the gay iiiiH-
BBjofSlreatliani.
I Dot It length, as she became more and more dissutis.
I in! ivilh her own situation, and iiiijiatient for ilJ< relief,
l^«rcw less and less scrupulous with regard to her ee-
I Wnled guest : shu slij^hted his counsel ; did not heed
I ki( rtiiKHiMlranecs ; avoided his society ; was ready ut u
I awflient's hint to lend him her carriage when he wished
|g return to Uolt Court ; but awaited a formal rciiucst to
I Kconi it t'<»' bringing him back.
Till' ihM'tnr then l^gan to bo stung ; his own aspect
I iMune altered ; and depression, with indignant uncasi
I g»», Ml upon his venerable front.
I It wan nt this iiioinent that, finding the memorialist
I lu soing one morning to St. Martin's street, he desired
I I cut thitiier in tlio carriage, and tlivii to be set down at
1 Bolt t-'ourt.
Anirc of his disturbance, and far too well aware how
I ihort it was of what it would become when the cause of
I ill tliat passed should bo detected, it was in trembling
I iliit till) inoiiiorialist aeconipanied hiiii to the coach, fiUed
I fith (Ireail of oH'cnding him by any reserve, should he
I fcrcc u|Kin lier ony emiuiry ; and yet impressi'd with the
I illfr iiiiptwsibility of betraying a trusted secret
I His lirak was stern, though dejected, as he followed
I kn into the vehicle ; but when his eye, which, however
I ihort «i|;lited, was quick to mental |ierception, saw how
I i It cam! appeared his companion, all sternness subsided
I mill in unilisguiscd expression of the strongest emotion,
I tint seemed to cliiiii her sympathy, though to revolt from
kr compasnicm ; while, with a shaking liand, ond point-
I In; linj;cr, he directed her looks to the mansion from
Itliich they were driving; and, when they faced it from
I Ibc coach window, as they turned into Strcatham C-oni-
I aMii, tremulously exclaiming: " That house . . is lost to
a»— for ever !"
Uiirinj a moment ho then fixed upon her an interro.
I plive eye, that impetuously demanded : " Do you not
I (frcoive the change I am experiencing ?"
A lorrowiiig sigh was her only answer.
Pride and delicacy then united to make hiin leave her
I to her taciturnity.
I \le was loo deeply, however, disturbed to start or to
Ibtir .Miy other subject; and neither of them uttered u
I miflc weird till tlie coach stop|ied in St. Martin's street,
I imI llic iinnsc and tlio carriage door were o|icncd for
I tiKir neparation ! Ho then suddenly and expressively
I tnked at hrr, abruptly grasjied her hand, and, witli an
lii of aAcctlon, though in a low, husky voice, inur-
■ired rather than said: "Oood morning, dear lady !"
but turned his head quickly away, to avoid any 8|)ccic8
if answer.
iUie was deeply touched by so gentio an acquiescence
liaher ilecliiiiug the confidential discourse U|)on which
Ik had induliituhly meant to open, relative to this inys.
trrious alienation. Uiit she had tlic comfiirt to \k satis-
W, tliat he saw nnd lielicved in her sincere participation
in \m feelings ; while ho allowed for the gratcl'ul attach-
ncnl tliat hound her to a friend so loved ; who, to her at
i(til,atill manifested n fervour of regard that resisted all
clun^c; alike from this new partiality, and from the un-
I (lli(iiiscd, and even strenuoiu oppoaition of tlio incino-
tiiliit to its indulgence.
TIk "Adieu, Strcatham!" that had been uttered
fipiritivply by Ur. Burncy, without any knr.—ledge of
iti nctmeiw to reality, was now fast approaching to bc-
t"<ning a mere matter of fact ; for, to the almost equal
ricf, however far from eijual loss, of Dr. Johnson and
III. Buniey, 8trcathain, a ihort time afterwards, though
i'hrule
not publicly relinquished, was quitted by Mrs,
and her fiiinily.
■loth frii'iiils rejoiced, however, that the library and the
pictures, nt Iciisl, on Ibis first breaking up, fell into the
liiinils of so able iin appreeiutor of literature and painting,
OS the Karl of Shelburiie.
.Mrs. 'I'lirah^ removed first to Ilriglitim, and next
repaired to pass a winter in Argyll street, previous to
fixing her ultimate proceedings.
OF.NKRAI. PAOLI.
The lost little narration that was written to Mr. Crisp
of any (nrly nt Streutham, as it eonljiiiis a description
of the eelcbrated ('orsienii general, i'aoli, wilh wliiini
Mr. Ihiriiey had there U'cn invited to dine, and whom
Mr. I'risp, also, had been presseil, ihougli iinavailingly,
to meet; will here 's; copied, in the ho|H! tliut the reader,
like Dr. Ilurney, will lenrn with plentiire (ieiiernl i'aoli's
own history of his ofieniiig intercourse with Mr. Ilos
well.
TO SAMI'KL CaiSP, ESQ., niHslNCTOV.
How sorry am I, my dear Mr. Crisp, that you could
not come to Streathani at the lime Mrs. I'hrale lio|xul to
see you! for when are we likely to nitrt at Streathani
again ? And you wouM have lieen iiiuc:li pleased, I am
sure, with the famous Corsienn general, I'aoli, wl
spent the day tliere, and was extremely cuminuiiicative
and agreeable.
He is a very pleasing man ; tall and genteel in his
|>erson, remarkably attentive, obliging and |inlite ; and as
soil .and mild in his speech, ns if he came from feeding
sheep in Corsica, like a she|ilierd ; rather than ns if hi
had left the warlike field where he had led his armies to
Itattle.
I will give you n little sp<'e.imon of his language nrul
discours(!, ns they ore now fresh in my ears.
When .Mrs. Tlirale imiiied nie, he started back, thougli
smilingly, and said: " I am very glail eiiuugli to see you
in the face. Miss hivelina, which I have wished for long
enough. (> charming liook ! I give it you my word 1
have read it olVeii enough. It is my favorite studioso
for apprehendii g the Knglish language ; which isditfieult
often. I pray yon, .Miss lOvelinn, write some more little
volumes of the quickest."
1 disclaimed the name, and was walking away ; but
he followed me with an a|)ology. " I pray your |Hirdon
mndenioiselle. My ideas got in a blunder oflen. It is
Miss liorni what nnmo I meant to accentuate, I pray
your pardon, Miss Kvelinn. I make very much error in
my Knglish many limes enough,"
M^ father then hil him to speak of Mr. iioswell, by
inquiring into the eommenremcnt of their connection.
He caine," answered the general, "to my country
sudden, and he fetched me some lettiTs of reeoiniiien<ling
him. liut I was of the lielief he might, in tin' verity, lie
no other person but one impostor. And I HUpimsed, in
my mente, he was in the privacy one espy ; for I look
away from him to my other com|ianies, and, in one
moment, when I look back to him, I behold it in his
hands his tablet, and one pencil ! U, lie was at the work,
I give it you my honour, of writing down all what I say
to some |>ersona whatsoever in the room ! Indeed I was
angry enough. Pretty much so, I give it you my word.
Utit soon after, 1 <liseern he was no impostor, and besides,
no espy ; for soon I find it out I was myself only the
monster he came to observe, nnd to descrilic with one
[icneil in his tablet ! O, is a very good man, Mr. Boswell,
in the liottom! so cheerful, so witty, so gentle, so talka-
ble. liut, at the first, (>, I was indeed fachi of the
sufiicieiit. 1 was in one passion, in my ineiitc, very
well."
All tliis comic Rnglish he pronounces in a manner the
most comically |ioni|ions. Nevertheless, my father tliinks
he will suon speak better, and that he seems less to want
language than patience to assort it; hurrying on im|ic-
tiiously, and any how, rather tlian stopping for recollec-
tion.
This is the Inst visit remembered, or, nt least narrated,
of Strcatliain.
III«TOKY OF MUSIC.
Strcatham thus gone, though the intercourse with Mrs.
Thrale, who now rinidcd in Argyle-street, London, was
aa fondly, if not as happily, sustained as ever. Dr. Diir-
ney had again his first amanuensis and librarian wholly
under his roof, and the pleasure of his parental feelings
doubled those of his renow ; for the new author was
included, with the most flattering distinction, in almost
every invitation that he received, or acquaintance tliat lie
made, where o female presided in tlio society
Ncvir was pructleal pnsif iinire ' (iiispieucius of the
|Hmer of Hiiriiionnliiig every clilliiiihy thiit rihen ngaiiiht
our progress to nil appointed end, wfieii int'liiiiition nnd
liUsiiicHs take each otiier by the hniiil in its |iiirriiil, than
was now evinced by the enmluct niiil kimccss of Dr. Ilur-
ney in his iiiUKienl enlcrprisi'.
lie vigilantly visited IhiIIi the iiniveryilics, leaving
nothing niiiiivesligated that assiduity ur address could
ferret out to bis piir|s>se.
The llritish .Vlusenm l.ibrnry he lansacked, |H'n in
hand, re|M-ateilly : that of Sir Joseph Ilniikes vias as o|ieu
to him us his own : Mr. (iarriek eoiidueled him, by np-
|Hiiiitmenl, to that of the Miirl of Slullinrne, afterwards
Marquis of Iiansdowiie; which was iM-rsonally slinwii to
him, with (lisliiigiiiKind consideration, by lliut literary
nohleman. TomiMie every other to which he had access
would lie prolixity; but to omit that of his ninjesty,
(ieorgc the Thiiil, would Ik' insensibility. Dr. Ilurney
was |ieriiiitted to iiiuke a full cxaiiiiiintion of its noble
eontents ; and to lake thriiee whatever extracts he
thought eondneive to his ilcsiirn, by his mnji^ty's own
gracious orders, delivered through the then lilirarian, Mr.
Karnard.
Hut for bringing these oreiimnlating malerinls into
play, time slill, with all the vigilance of his grasp upon
its fragments, was wanting ; and to counteract the re-
lentless (^nlls of his professional business, he was forced
to su|H'radd an unsparing rei|uisitiuii uiioii his sleei»— the
only creditor that he never )iaid.
sam's cu:n.
Immediately after vacating Strealham, Dr. Hurncy was
called u|H)n, by his great and go<Kl friend of Ifcilt-conrl,
to lieeonic a menilH'r of n club whieli he was then insti-
tuting for the emolument of Samuel, a footman of the
late Mr. Thrale. This man, who was no hmgir wanliil
tor the broken cstablishiiieiit of .Strenthnm, hail saved
sutfieient money for setting up a bumble species of hotel,
to wliieh this club would be a niaiiitist ndvanlnge. It
was ealleil, from the name of the honest doiiiestie wliimi
Dr. Johnson wished to serve Sam's ('lull. It was lirlil
in Kssex-street, in the Strand. Its rules, &,c. are printed
by Mr. IJoswell.
To enumerate all the coteries lo which the iliictor, with
his new assoeiate, now risorleil, vvoiilil be uninteresting,
for almost all are iwissed away I and nearly all ore forgot-
ten; though there wos scarcely a name in their several
.sets that did not, at that time, carry some weight of pub-
lic opinion. Such of them, nevertheless, that have left
lasting memorials of their eharacler, their wit, or their
abilities, may not unaeecptubly be selected for some jioss-
iiig observation.
nA8 HLBV snclliTIF.8.
To )>egin with what still is faiimus in the annals of
eonvcrsnlion, the Ha» Itltii Societies.
The first of these was then in the meridian of its lus-
tre, but had lioeii instituted many years previously at
Bath. It owed its name lo an a|)ology made by Mr. Stil-
lingllect, in declining to accept on invitation to a literary
meeting at Mrs. Vesey's, from not luring, he said, in the
habit of displaying a pro|)er eqnipinrnl for an evening
osscmbly. "Plio, pho," cried she, with her well-known,
yet always original simplicity, while she looked, inqiiisi.
lively at him and hisaecoutreinents; " don't mind dress".
Come in your blue stockings !" AVilh which words, hu-
morously repealing them as he entered the apartment
of tlie chosen coterie, Mr. Stillinglleet claimed |H'rinission
for ap|)earing, according to order. And those words, ever
after, were fixed, in playful stigma, iipun Mrs. Vcscy's
associations.*
This original coterie was still headed by Mrs. Vcsey,
though it was transferred from Balli to London. Dr.
Bnriiey nnd tliis memorialist were now initiated into the
midst of it. And however ridicule, in public, from those
who had no taste for this bluism ; or envy, in secret, from
those who had no admission to it, might seek lo depre-
ciate its merit, it afforded to all lovers of intellectual en-
tertainment a variety of amusement, an exemption from
form, and a enrte blnnche certainty of good humour from
the amiable and artless hostess, that rendered it as agree-
able as it wos singular : for Mrs. Vesey was as mirth-^
provoking from her oddities and mistakes, as Falstaft'
was wit-inspiring from his vaunting cowardice nnd sjiort-
ive epicurism.
• Sir William Wellcr Pepys, when he waa eighty-four
years of age, told this memorialist that he was the only
male member then remaining of the original set ; and
that Mrs. Uoiiuoli More won tlie only remaining female.
' !
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382
iME.tioiiSM OF Dn. nniNrY.
?>
v^)^
"^HJ.
There wa» soinctliing so like the maiicriivrcs of a cha-
racter in a comedy in the mnnnrrn and niovenieiits of
Mrs. Vesey, that the company Bcemed rather to feel them
Bclves ussemhied, at their own cost and pleasure, in some
public apartment, to saunter or to re|)o»c ; to talk or to
hold their tonjfucs; to (raze around, or to drop asleep, as
best might sint their humours ; than drawn togrthi-r to
receive and to bestow, the civilities of given and accepted
invitations.
Her Icarr were so grcot of the horror, as it was styled,
of a circle, from the ceremony and awe which it pro.
duccd, that she pushed all the small sofas, as well as
chairs, pell-mell altoiit the apartments, so as not to leave
even a ziij-zag path of comnnmicaiion free from im|H'dl-
nicnt : and her greatest delight was to place the seats
back to back, so that those who (iccnpied them cnuld per-
ceive no more of their nearest neighUmr than if the par-
tics had been sent into difiercnt rooms ; an arrangement
that could only be eluded by such a twisting of the neek
a.s to threaten the interlocutors with a spasmodic allee-
tion.
But there was never any distress beyond risibility :
and the company that was collected was so generally of
a superior ca.st, that talents and conversation soon tound
— as when do they miss it ? — their own level ; and all
these extraneo\is whims merely served to give zest and
originality to the assemblage.
Mrs. Vesey was of a character to which it is hardly
possible to find a parallel, so untrue would it be to brand
it with positive folly ; yet so glaringly was it marked by
almost inci.'dililc simplieity.
With really lively parts, a fertile imagination, and a
pleasant quickness of remark, she had the unguardedness
of childliDod, joined to im Hilieriiian bewilderment of
ideas ll.at cast her incessantly into some burlesque situa-
tion ; and incited even the most partial, and even the
most sensitive of her own countrymen, to relate stories,
spceebes, and anecdotes of her astonishing self-|)erplexi.
ticM, lior contusion almut times and circumstanco«,and her
inconceivable jinnble of recollections between what hud
happened, or what might have hap|)ened ; and what had
bel'allen others that she imagined had iMifallen herself;
that made her name, though it could never lie pronounced
without |iersonal regard, lie constantly coupled witli some-
thing grotesque.
But what most contributed to render the scencB of her
Rocial circle nearly dramatic in eoiiiie etVeet, was her
deal'iiess ; for with all the pity doubly duo to that so-
cialless inlirmity ; and all the pity due to one who
still sought conversation as the first of human delights,
it was ijnpossihie, with a grave luce, to behold her man-
ner of constantly marring the pleasure of which she
was in pursuit.
She had commonly, two or three, or more, ear-lrum-
pcls hanging to her wrists, or slung about her neck ; or
tossed upon the chiumcy-piecc or table ; with intention to
try them, severally lind alternotely, u\mn difl'erent siieak-
cars, as occasion might arise ; and the instant that any
earnestness of countenance, or animation of gesture,
struck her eye, she darted forward, trum|ict in hand, to
enquire what was going on ; but almost always arrived
nl the s|icakcr at the moment that he was become, in his
turn, the hearer ; and eagerly held her brazen instrument
to his mouth to catch sounds that were already past and
gone. And, aller quietly listening some minutes, she
would I'-ntiy utter her disapjiointinent, by crying:
" Well ! I rejiUy thought you were talking of something I"
And then, though n whole group would hold it fitting
to ilock around her, and roeoimt what had biM'n said ; if
a smile oa.ight her roving eye from any np|iositc direction,
the W .it of loriiig somethmg more entertaining, would
mute her beg not to trouble lliem, and again rush on to
the gayer tulkers. But as a laugh is excited more com-
monly by s|>ortive nonsense than by wit, she usually
gleani'd nothing I'roni her change of place, and hastened
Ihrrernre buck to ask for the rest of what she had iuler-
rupleil. Hut generally finding thut set dispersing, or dis-
|)er»<!d, she would limk around her with a forlorn surprise,
and cry : " I can't conceive why it in that nolHidy talks
to-night ! I can't catch a word !"
Or, if some one of peculiar note were engaging at.
lention ; if Sir William Hamilton, for example, were de.
seribing Hrrculaneum or I'om|K-ii ; or Mrs. ('arler and
Mrs. Ilaniiuh Mere were discussing some ni'W aulhnr, or
favourite work ; or if the then still beautiful, thonifh
old, DuehesB of I,einster, was encountering the iMnuliful
ami yotmg Duehess of I)ev(mshire j or, if Mr. nurk<',
having slept in, and, marking no one with wlmni lii'
wished to exehange ideas, hnclsei/cil iipnn the first IhmiU
or pamphlet he cfiuld catch, to soothe his hurassed mind
by reading — wliieh h« nut icldoni did, oiid most incani-
parably, a passage or two aloud ; circumstances of such
a sort would arouse in her so great an earnestness for
participation, that she would hasten from one spot t
another, in constant ho|)e of better fare ; frequently cla|i
ping, in her hurry, the broad |>art of the brazen car 1
her temple : but after waiting, with anxious impatience,
for the developoment she exjiected, but w.aiting in vain,
she would drop her trum|K't, and almost dolorously ex-
claim : " I hope nolKidy has had any liud news to-night?
but as soon as I come near any Ixxly, noliody s|K'aks 1"
Yet, with all these peculiarities, Mrs. Vesey was emi
nently amiable, candid, gentle, and even sensible ; but
she had an ardour to know whatever was going forward,
and to see whoever wt-.s named, that kept her curiosity
constantly in a panic; and almost dangerously increased
the singular wanderings of her imagination.
Here, amongst the t'ew remaining men of letters of the
preceding literary era. Dr. Burncy met Horace Wal|)ole,
Owen (.'ambridge, and Soame Jenyns, who were com-
monly, then, denominated the old wits ; but who rarely,
indeed, were surrounded by any new ones who stoml
much chance of vying with them in readine.-.n r:":-partee,
pith of matter, terseness of expression, or pi, Msrjitry in
expandii,~ gay ideas.
Jins. jsoNT.vor.
Yet, while to Mrs. Vesey the Bni liltn Society owed
its origin and its epithet, the meetings that took place at
Mrs. Montagu's were soon more popularly known by that
denomination ; for though they could not be more fash-
ionable, they were fur more sjil ndid.
i\Irs. Montagu had built a su|icrb new house, which
was magnificently fitted up, and appeared to be rather
appropriate fi>r princes, nobles, an<l courtiers, than for
poets, philosophers, and blue stocking votaries. And
here, in fact, rank and talents were so frequently brought
together, that what the satirist uttered seotlingly, the au-
thor pronounced proudly, in setting aside the origmal
claimant, to dub .Mrs. Montagu Queen of tlie Blues.
'i'his inajestie title was hers, in fact from more flalter-
iug rights thaii hang U|ion mere pre-eminence of riches
or station. Her Ussuy on tiic Learning and Cienius of
Shakespeare; and the literary zeal which made her the
voluntary champion of our immortal liard, had so national
a claim to supjiort and to praise, that her liook, on its
first coming out, had gained the ulmu«t general plaudits
that mounted her, thenceforward, to the Parnassian
heights of liinale British literature.
But, while the namr bai lilii ap|N^llation waagiwn to
these two houses of rendezvous, neither tiiat, nor even
the same associates, could render them similar. Their
grandeur, or their simplicity, their magnitude, or their
dimii.utiveness, were by no means the principal cuuse of
this dilVerenee : it was liir more attributable to the lady
presidents than to their altodes : for though they instilled
not their characters into their visiters, their characters
bora so large a share in their visiters' reception and ac-
conmiodutiun, as to intluencc nniterially the turn of the
discourse, and the humour of tlic parlies, at their houses.
At Mrs. Montagu's, the semi-cirele that foced ti.e fire
retained during the whole evening its unbroken form,
with a precision that made it seem described by a Hroh-
dignagiun compass. The lady of the castle commonly
placed herself at the uppi-r end of the room, near the
eonnnencement of the curve, so as to Im- courlrously visi-
ble to all her guests ; having the |ierson of the highest
rank, or consequence, properly, on one side, and the per-
son tile most eminent fiir talents, s.igaeioUHly, on the
other; or us near to her chair, and her cimverse, as her
lavoiiring eye, and a complacent bow of tlie head, could
invite liiiii to that distinelion.*
Her conversational [lowers were of a truly su|K'rior
order ; strong, just, clear, oiid often eloquent. Her pro-
cess in aririiriient, notwithstanding an earnest solicitude
I'or preemiiiinee, was uniformly jiolite and canilid. But
her repiitntion for wit seemed always in her thoughts,
marring their natural llow, and untutored expp'ssion.
No sudden start of talent urged fi>rth any precarious
opinion ; no vivacious new idea varied her logical eimrse
of ratiocination. Her smile, though modt generally lie-
nignant, was rarely gay ; and her nvelicst sallies hud a
something of anxiety rather than of hilarity — till tlieir
success was ascerfain<Hl by npplnusc.
Her form was stately, and her manners were dignified.
Her faie retained slronir rcinaiMS of Iwatity throughout
life ; and though its niilive east was cvidenily that of se.
' This only treats of the Blue .Mntings; not of the
5enrral asseinhlies of Montagu House, which wcro con-
uctcd like all otheri in the circlci of high lift.
vi.'ity, its expression was softened oil' in dii>cour«t; l),-..!
almost constant desire to please, ■ '
If beneficence be judged by the happiness wlii([i|(|
difl'uses, whose claim, by that proof, shall stand liiji,,.
than that of Mrs. Montagu, from the munif:ceiicc njibl
which she celebrated her annual festival for those \m\f^ I
artificers, who |)ertbrm the most abject olfiees of nnv au I
thoriscd calling, in Uing the adtivc guardians oiuul
blazing hearths 7
Not to vain glory, then, but to kindness of heart, sjionlii
be adjudged the publicity of that su|icrb charity, »||if|,
made its jetty objects, for one bright morning, ceanc u,|
consider themselves as degraded outcasts from sncioly.
Not all the lyrics of all the rhymslers, nor all the ,,j, i
blings of all the spring-feathered choristcr8,eoiililhail||,f I
opening smiles of May,likethc fragrance of that rnjisi,^!
Ix'cf and the pulpy soilness of those puddings of plum, f
with whieh .Mrs. Montagu yearly renovated thow ii,„i,'|
liltli" agents to the safety of our most blessing liixiiry,
Taken for all in all, Mrs. Montagu was rare iii y^
attainments ; splendid in her conduct ; open to the rails
of charity; forward to precede those of indigent gciiiiu-
and uneliangeably just and firm in the applicatinn of lirr
interest, her principles, and her fortune, to the ciicourajc.
ment of loyalty, and the sup|iort of virtue.
In this house, amongst innumerable high personfri
ond renowned convcrsers. Dr. Burncy met the famoiii
Hervcy, Bishop of Derry, late Ear^ o( Bristol ; who iIkh
stood foremost in sustaining the choraeter for wit i.nj
originahty that had signalised his race, in the prcctdin-
centuiy, by the current phrase of the day, that the world
was pcNiled with men, women, and Herveys.
Here, also, the horourable Horace Wul|ioIe, aftcrwBrdj
Lord Orford, sometimes put forth his quaint, sinjruisr,
often original, generally sarcastic, and always cntcrtuin.
ing imwcrs.
And here the doctor met the antique General Oflr.
llior|)c, who was pointed out to him by Mr. Walpolc lot
a man nearly in his hundredth year; on osi-erlioa lliil,
though exaggerated, easily gained credit, from his caiii.l
figure and appearance. 'I'lic general was pleasing, wi||
bred, and gentle,
Horace Wal|)olc, sportively desirous, as he wlii«|Crod
to Dr. Burncy, that the doctor's daughter should sic the
humours of a man so near to counting his age hy n cin.
tiiry, insisted, one night at this house, upon Ibriiiini; s
little group for that purpose ; to whieh he invited als)
Mr. and Mrs. Locke: exhibiting thus the two priiiciiul
points of his own character, from which he ranly divi.
ated : ii thirst of amusement from what was sinpular;
with a taste yet more forcible for elegance from wlijl
was cxei'llent.
At the side of General Oglethorp*', Mr. \Viil|ifi!!',
though much past seventy, hnd almost the look, and hid
i-ite the air of enjoyment of « man who was yet uliiiM
young: ond so skeleton-like was tho generor.i iiuatrc
form, that, by the same s|K'ciea of comparison, Mr. \Val.
|Mile almost appeared, and, again, almost seemed to lliink
himself, if not absolutely Cut, ot least not desimikd ol'lns
imfionj.iii:!! ; though so lank wan his thinness, thati virr
other |H rson who stood in his vieiiiit}', might paft a> if
accoutred and sluiled fur a stage rcprcscntutioti uf Fal-
stafl".
MTtf. TIIUAI.E.
But — previously to the late Sireulham cnla»tro|)lir-
blither, more bland, and more gleeful still, wai llii' ptij
sonal celebrity of Mr>. Thrale, than that of eillicr Mn. I
Montagu or .Mrs. Vesey. Mrs. Vesey, indeed, gcnllrind I
dilfident, dreamed not of any com|ielitiun : hut i\n.[
Montagu ond .Mrs, Thrale had long been si t ii|i m I'lir I
rival candidates for eollo(|uinl uminenee ; anil rorli ofl
them thought the other alone worthy to l«' lier (nir. F
OlKiily, therefore, when they met, they conilmtid I'm I
priceoinee of udniiriMion ; with placid, Ihoiijli liiph j
stfaincd intellectual exertion on one side, nnd nn ixnlm-
ant pleasantry of classical allusion or quotation on llif
other, w illiont the smallest malice in either i fiir »ii diffit-
ent were their tastes an well br attributes, thutmilliii I'J
them I nviid, while each did justice to the powers of inr |
opiKinent. I
The blue parlieii at Mrs. Throle's, tliongh nrlllicrl
marked with ns much splendour as those of Mrs. Monl
togii, nor with so curious a selection of dlitlnriii«l"il I
individuals as those of Mrs. Vesi'V, wre yet litid n( I
equal height with either in generiil esliination, a« !•'■ j
Johnson, " liimsclf a host," was tisiially nt Mrs. Thnlr''; I
or was always, by her comimny, ex|iecti'd: ind in '['i' |
hern If |Hissessed powers of enlertalnnieiit more »i<i'y-
ing in gnielv llian any of her rompflitors.
•'• • • » • »•
Virions other in
llbunie plan of
Ijiniiiiiri"'' '•'« f"!
Iplrin intcllectua
I (11*;, and the ct
I filh respect to col
Ijjofllie first of'p
Ifflfriricso'"'""' P"
■ ifiK in disciissioi
Irthovcry rising (
■ (olour to thought a
l^'frery fresh disc
I And such mcctii
liiandingoodhui
Jil'Ulculs, and a
llitiniwt int'ormin;
■ nfvitand pleosan
I uiiToourse.
sill
Bui of these cole
liiiwy pleasantry,
I m frw I'ro'H l'*"'!''!
liiPlym|ilon. Sir.
I pic, lhoiii;li never
Idiwicalstylc of p
Ikwiicr more siibli
lllunliis manners a
Then' was little
I dwrfulness or sad
Iboliii his eyes then
liis iiitroduct
|liioa;ht before ho h
lllxitlltude, if it m
I iMil striking f<ir a
I ms and never disc
ligmiii;, unpretcndii
Di. iiurney has I
Ikinniruo which lie
lilliir house of Uui
. :i:ul v.irious o
I bip.iiiiess was tliu
I nine time b:id listei
Iws: and tlieu imp
Imvl'irds, if you w
liiink u|H)n this subj
I can. Dr. Burn
I ma who looks arou
■ In at a be:iiiliful pi
ii;lii.i'Vc», who he
|>i;lil: It i.i he who i
I Kid'iw, or a plougi
Itb'iworlts his way
llurusrd by thorns o
lolclii's his fool ; am
llhrvay buck to find
luioiloit through I
llluMrong contrast (
Ipliiu'licd field, or bar
IrJ.-il It he, my Ion
I ilcily 'iilazc U|Hm hiii
lii'iirnioay with the
linilsflory; and his
livliaallK' lunn win
liHndiiij height, wit
|Si;ranc«, and vnrie
ImUniiiiiil, above, I
jfidrjofj—iil least
p», in a blusterous
ll.'Kkblloni, iind give
I ^wiicd, iiy its loss
I ^ till' luiii and dilli
Mr». Reynolds als
I Wjly iilleiided by
limneil; e.pnilly fror
I ffwiul res|K'et to li
. Mr!. Cliapone, ti
I Ik'iiisli not sought b
|l'Jll»'l,My, wercral'
I »" nnl Willi self.ai
Ijwttid. Hut the SI
I wliiiin, rarely uwnit
I Tlie iiieetiiigii, in i
I f>Wi' and organic de
I "mi «u>traaiiee, tho
I l«l", ilngys wanted
'H' llwl made th
MEMOIRS OF DH. DUllNEY.
383
, <• hi;*
ir in dibCuurBc by m
5 linppincss whirhiil
of, Kliall stand li|,,|„ J
lie iinininiciice «i|J
tivnl for tliosc liapip^J
cct officirs of anv ;
vc guardians uU^ai
rtlicss of heart, slinnMl
uiwrbclinrity, whuiil
lit mornitiif, ccaw i,,)
tcastn from sncirlv. f
■Icrs, nor nil the war. |
irl(!tcrB,eciuIdhailt.,
;rnnc<! oftliat rrviMdl
u piidilities of plum,,
ciiovatcil those mt\ 1
si blessing liiiury,
ngu was rare in |if, |
ct ; npoii to the rails
10 of indi)rent goimw;!
(he np|ilicnti(>n of Inr
line, to the cneouragc. I
virtue. I
bic high personiiir! I
ney met the faim.ui I
of llristol ; who lliin |
mracler for wit itid [
•ace, in the |ircc((liiij;j
le i\ay, that thiworM]
I Herveys.
e Wulimle, adcrw.irdjl
hid quaint, Bingui.n,
ind always entertain |
itiquc General Opic
1 by Mr. Walpolc tWl
r ; on as^erlion lliilj
credit, from liis(Taiii,t|
'al was pleasing, wdl I
ouK, on lie whi8,rtril|
jgliter eliould sec llicl
liii^ Ilia age hy a an. I
use, upon forinini; i|
hieb lie invited ul!'i
Ills (lie two priiici|nl|
liich lie ra'ely divi. I
bat was sinjnilar;
egaiicu from wlutl
lorp*', Mr. Walpr
ost tlic look, and b.dl
who was yrl alum*! I
lie geiierar.s nuatrcl
oniparison, Mr. \Val. [
lotst weiiicd to tiiiiik I
not des|K)ikd ol' lii
thinness, thalrmyl
ity, might paMon ifl
liresenlution of Fal- 1
Ihnm rnlastrophc- 1
I still, waa Ihi' fci-
tlial of eillict Mr». I
, indeed, gentle «nd I
Htltion: lull .Mrs. I
bi'iii s(t npai fill I
nenee ; and I'ocli nf I
tliv to be her inir.
they eonilmli 11 lir j
laeid, tlioii|:h liiph
ide, i>nd nn rxnl«'r- 1
(luolntion im llic
Iher ; for wi dilTti- 1
l>Mles, tlialneilli'ii'fj
lo the poworiof l.iM
e «, tivmh nfillicr |
lliose of Sfr«. Mnii.
on of dlfllnriii»liiil|
, wi're yet mlil "' I
estimation, »» I'' |
ly at Mro. ThrnlrVl
|iectrd ; mil «« »|''' I
imieiit more 'i'l'y- 1
ilors.
'1"
Vari'Jiw other inccliiig.t were (brined in imitation of
|lt,.aiiio plan of dispensing with cards, music, dice,
I tali"?' "'' '''® regales of the festive board, to conccn-
I mlf la intellectual entcrlaiiimeiil all the lio|ic8 of the
|„,,., ami the cfliirts of the host and hostess. And,
I tiili rcspeet to colloquial elegance, such a plan certainly
I J, f (lie first order for bringing into play tlic higbost
liwrjics of onr nature ; and stimulating their fairest cx-
IgrjK in discussions upon the several subjects tliat rise
I nth every rising day ; and tliat take and give a fresh
leoloor lo thought as well as to expression, from the mind
L'i'Tcry fresh discriminator.
I .\nd such meetings, when the parties were well assort
l^ind In good humour, formed, at that time, a coalition
Igl'ulciils, and a brilliancy of exertion, that produced
lltrmosl informing dissertations, or the happiest sallies
lifwil and pleasantry, that could emanate from social
luliTCOurse.
SIU JOSHUA KEYNOLDS.
But of these coteries, none surpassed, if tlicy equalled
|,i,oa«y pleasantry, unatTectcd intelligence, and informa-
lii)n frre I'"'" |K"daiitry or furmality, those of the Knij;lit
Ijfpiympton. Sir Josiiua Reynolds was singularly siiii-
I lit', thoiii;h never inelegant in his la> ;iiagc; ami bis
Idwsiral s'yl" of painting could not be more pleasing,
I lioKvcr nioro sublimely it might olcvato and surprise,
I ilun lii.'^ manners and conversation.
TlnTc was littlo or no play of countenance, beyond
I thcrfa'mcss or sadness, in the features of Sir Joshua ;
I Mill his eyes there was a searching look, that seemed,
I linn Ills introduction to any person of whom he lisd
llhoiii'lit iH'forc he had seen, to fix, in bis painter's mind,
IlliciltitHde, If it may Imi so called, of face that would Im'
|o«l striking fijr a picture. But this was rarely obvi-
Imsand never disconcerting; be was eminently unas-
Imiiii!, unpretending, and natural.
Ui. liurney has leil amongst bis papers a note of nn
Ikmnciic which he bad beard I'rom Sir Joshua Reynolds,
lilliic house of Dudley F.ong, when the Duke of Uevon-
Itiiin.aMd v.irious other iK-ers, were present, and when
Ibipiiiiii'Ha was tliu topic of discussion. Sir Jiishua fur
Iwint time li:id listened in silence to their several opin,
lians; and then impressively said : " Yiiu none of you
Imjiord.s If you will lorgivo my telling you so, can
lroikii|iou this subject, with as much knowledge of it
Ivlcan. Dr. nuniey pcrhaiM might; but it is not the
|mn who looks around him from the top of a high moun
a «1 a beautiful prospect, on the first moment of open
.'lu. lyps, who has the trim enjoyment of that noble
liijlil: it i.i he who ascends the mountain from a miry
|B.'id™-, nr a ploughed field, or a barren wasto ; and
|iliii«'orks his way up to it step by step ; scratched and
llurusod hy thorns anil briars ; with bore a hollow, that
ItalcliiK his foot ; and there a clump that forces liim oil
llknay hack to find oil? a new path; — it is bo who at.
luinsloit through all that toll and danger; and with
itlu >lrong contrast on his mind of the miry meadow, or
l|hi)«{lipd lleld, or barren waste, tor wliieb it was e.xchaiig-
lei!,-il \> he, my lords, who enjoys tlio lieaulics tlint sud.
iM'blaze ii|Hin him. They cause nn expansion nf ideas
liihiraiony with the expunsion of tlic view. He glories
licil< elory; and his mind ii|M<ns to ennselnus exniliition,
Inrlia'itlii' man who was born and bred U|kiii lliiit com-
liMndin; height, with all the loveliness of pros|«'el, nnd
liriiranfc, and variety, and plenty, anil luxury ol' every
liotl. arniiiid, ahiive, iH-nenth, enn never know; can have
|«flidr.iofi— at least, not till be come near somo preci-
Ifw, 111 a boisterous wind, that burls him I'rom the lop to
lUfkbltimi, and gives him some tast^i of what be bad
I piwMcd, by its loss ; and some pleofuru in its rei-ovory,
hjllic piin and dilUculty of scrumblliiK back to it."
ttnit. RKYNULI>S.
Mn. RcyimhlH also hail her coteries, which wcroocca-
ImnJly niti'iiilcd by must ol" the |)crsoiis who hnve been
luiiird; i'i|iially from CMinsidoration to lier brother, and
I P"winl re»|K'cl to herself.
MKS. t'!f.\l'ONK.
Mr«. Cliapone, too, had her own eotorios, which,
I llm:li nut ti>iii;(ht by tho young, and, (lerbaps, lied from
IlijtlH'ijay, were rational, instriietlve, and H<H:iali and il
»u nut with si.'lf.apprnbution that they could over Ik'
Jncibd, Dot the search of greater gaiety, and higlier
I l»ym, r,ir('ly awaits that award.
Till' lai'ctiiigs, hi truth, at lior dwelling, fl-oni livr pal-
nbli' and urgaiile deficiency in linallh and strength for
1«ii «u»linaiiee, though tlii-y never laekid of sense or
I ta', iKvgys ivaiitod spirit ; a want wliieb cost over llieiii
■ dtrnjitlMt niado tho lanio iiilci locators, wlioclicwhorc
grou|ied audiences oround tlieiii from their liime us dis.
coursers, appear to bo assembled licrc merely for tlic
grave purpose of |)crlbrining a duty.
Yet here were to be .-leen .Mrs. Montagu, Mrs, Carter,
Hannah .More, the clever funiily of the UurroiigliH, the
ela.ssieally lively Sir William IVjiys, and tho ingenious
and virtuous Airs, llarbauld.
Hut though the dignity of her mind demanded, as it
deserved, the respect of some return to the visits wliieli
her love of society indiieed her to pay, it was a trtr-d-
tcte nlonc that gave pleasure to the intercourse with Mrs.
Clia|ioiic : her sound, understanding, her sagueioiis oh-
scrvations, her turn to buinoiir, and the candour of her
art'ectionate nature, all then came into play witJioiit
effort : and her case of mind, when freed from the tram-
mels of doing the honours of reception, seemed to sollen
off, even to herself, her cor|)oreal Infirmities. It was thus
that she struck Ur. liurney with the sense of her worth;
mill seemed portraying in herself llic original cxaiiiple
whence the precejits bad Leeu drawn, liir loriiiiiig the uii.
sophisticated female character that are displayed in the
author's Letters on the linprovenieiit of the M ind.
80AMK JEXVNS.
Amongst the ioiKyiii/s, as Dr. Burney denominated
the fragrant llatteries courteously lavished, in its day, on
the Memoirs of an Heiress, few were more odorous to
him than those offered by tliu fainoiu old witii, Soaiiiu
Jenyns and Owen IJanibridge.
Soaiiie Jenyns, nt the age of seveiity-eiglit, condcseend-
ed to make interest with .Mrs. Ord to arrange an ac
(piaintanec for him, at her bouse in Queen Ann.strcet,
with the father and IIk daughter.
I'leasant to Dr. Burney as was the tide of favour, by
wliieli he was exhilarated through this second publication
of his daughter, it had not yet reached the climax to
which it soon afterwards arose; which was the junction
of the t\(o first men of tho country, if not of the age. In
proclaiming eaeli to the other, nt an assembly nt Miss
Mdiieton's, where they seuteil themselves by her side,
their kind approvaiiee of this work ; and proclaiming it,
eaeli aiiimiited by the spirit of the other, "in the nobles-t
terms that our language, in its highest glory, is capable
of ciiiitling."
Such were tjie words of Dr. Johnson liimeelf, in 8))cak.
Ing allerwards to Dr. Burney of Mr. Burke's share in this
flattering dialogue; to which Dr. Burney ever after
looked back as to the height of his daughter's literary
honours; lliougli he could scarcely then foresee the
extent, and the expansion, of that indulgent partiality
with wliieli each of them, ever atVr, invariably diutlii
guisbcd her to the last hour of their lives.
'I'hus saliibrioiif ly fiir Dr. Burney had iMcn cheered the
o|K'niiig winter of 17K.', by the celebrated old wits,
Owen I'amhridge anil Soanio Jenyns; through the phi-
lanthropy and gisMi humour which cheered for them-
selves nnd tlieir friends the winter of their own lives :
and thus radiant with a wnrinth which Sol in his sum-
mer's ghiry could not i!ee|M'n, bad gone on the sanie
winter to i7KI, through the glowing sutfrago of the two
first luminaries that brightened the constellation of
genius of llio reign of Cicorgo tho Third, — Ur. Johnson
and Kdiiiiind Burke
But not ill fair harmony of prcgression with this
commencciiient prneemled the years 17H3 ! its April hud
u liarsliiiess wliieli its January had esea|'ed. It brought
Willi it no I'ragranee of happiness to Dr. Burney. With
n blight o|Kuied this fatal spring, and with a blast it
closed !
• • • •
Mns. TiinAi-K.
All iM'ing no\«', though in the dark, nnd unannounced,
arranged lur the (leterinined alliance, Mrs. Thrnle aban-
doned Linidon us she had forsaken Streallium, und. In
the iM'glnnlng of April, retired with her three cldcdt
daughters lo Bath ; there to reside, till she could com.
plete n plan, then in agitation, fur sii|M'rsedliig the
inaterinil priiteetloii with all that might yet be attainable
of propriety and dignity.
Dr. Burney was deeply hurt hy this now paliubly
Uireatening event i the virtues of Mrs. Tlirale hnd borne
an equal jHii^e in bis admiration with her talents; liuth
were of an extraordinary order. He bad praised, he
had hived, be bad sung them. Nor was he by any nieaiis
so severe a diseiplinarian over the elaliiis of taste, or the
eh'ctions of the heart, as to disallow llieir iinnlienahle
rights of being eandiilly heard, and favimrably llsleiied
to, in the dis|KMal of inir ikthdiis nnd our lutes; her
ehiiiee, Ihervrore, would have roused no severity, (hough
il might justly imvo excited surpri&v, bad licr biiUi,
fortune, and rank in life alone been ul stake. But Mrs.
Tlirale bad lies that ap|<eareil to hint to demand prece-
deiiee over all feelings, all inclinations — In five daugh-
ters, who were juvenile heiresfes.
To Bath, however, she went ; nnd truly grieved was
the prophetic spirit of Dr. Burney ut her departure;
which be looked upon as the catastrophe of Strcathaiii.
MK8. I>EI,.\NV.
From circuinstanecs |ieeiiliarly fortunate with regard
to the time of tlieir o|K'ration, some solace opened to Dr.
Burney for himself, and still more to bis parental kind-
ness for this ineinorlaliKt, in tills season of disap|ioiiitnient
and deprivation, from a lieginning intercoiiisc which now
took place for both, witli the fairett mnitil of frmnlr ex-
cellrnce of the ituyt tlitit wiere jm»ted, Mrs. Dejany.*
Such were the words by which Mrs. Delaiiy had been
pictured lo this iiieinoriali!:t liy iMr. Burke, at Miss
.Muneton's asKeinbly ; and such was the iiiipression of
her character under wliieli this connietion was begun by
Dr. BiMiiey.
The pro|Mjsltioii for an acquaintance, and the negotia-
tion lor its coniincncement Is tweeii the parties bad been
coinniitted, by Mrs. Delany licrself, to Mrs. Chnponc ;
whose literary endownients stood not higher, either in
public or in private estimation, than the virtues of her
mind, and the goodness of her heart. Both were evinced
by her |iopular writings for the female sex, at a time when
its education, wbetiicr from timidity or indolence,
required a spur, far more certainly than its cynic Ira-
ducers can prove that now, from ambition or tciiicrlly,
it calls for a bridle.
As Dr. Burney could not make nn early visit, nnd Mrs.
Di'luny could not receive n late one, Mrs. Chnponc was
commissioned to engage the daughter to a quiet dinner ;
and the doctor to join the party in the evening.
This was assented lo with the utmost pleasure, both
father nnd daughter being stimulated in curiosity and
expectance by i\lr. Crisp, who bad formerly known and
adiiilii'd Mrs. Delany, und hcd been a favorite with her
bosom friend, the Dowager Duchess of Portland ; and
with some otJier of her elegant nssoeiates.
As this venerable lady still lives in the memoirs and
eorrespondenec of Dean Swift.t nn necoiint of this inter-
view, abridged from n lelti'r to Mr. Crisp, will not,
perlinps, Ihi unwillingly received, us a genuine picture of
an nged lady of rare aeenmplishmenfs, and bigli bred
iiiannerH, of olden times; wlio hnd strikingly lieen dip-
tlngulsbed by Dean Swift, nnd wliowas now energetically
esteemed by .Mr. Burke.
ruder the wing of the resjiectnlile Mrs. Chnponp,
this nieniorialist was first conveyed to (be dwelling of
Mrs. Delniiy in !*t. Ji nies' I'laee.'
Mrs. Delany was alone ; but the innmcnt her guests
were aminunceil, with an eagerness that seemed fiirgrtfiil
of her years, and that denoted the most Haltering pleasure,
she advanced to tho door of her apartment to reeeivo
tlieiii.
.Mrs. (bapone presented to her by name the meino-
riuli8t,whiwe hand she took with almost youthful vivacity,
s.iyiiig: ".Miss Burney must (Nirdon me ifl give her nn
old-fiisliloiud reception for I know nothing new !" And
she kindly sniuted her.
With a griice of ninmier (be mos( striking, she (lien
placed .Mrs. ('ha|Hineoii tlioBofn,nnd led the nicnioriullst
to a chair next to her own, saying: "Can you forgive.
Miss liurney, (he very great lilsrly I have taken of
asking yoji to my Utile dinner ? Hut you could not come
In the morning; and I wished so impnilenlly to see one
from whimi I have received sueli vi ry extraordinary
pleasure, that I could not iH'ar to put it off to another
day ! for I have no days, now, to throw nwny I And if
waited for the evening, 1 might, (H-rbaps, have com-
IHiny. And 1 hear so ill in niixt society, (bnt I cannot,
as 1 wish to do, n(trnd (o more (ban one at a time ; fiir
age, now, is making i..,! more stupid even than I am by
nature. And bow grieved nnd mortified I should have
Inen to have known I bad Miss Burney in the room,
anil not to have heard what she said I"
Tone, manner, nnd lixik, ho impressively marked the
sincerity of this humility, as to render it,— her time of
nil', her high estlmntlon in the world, nnd her rare
aequirements considered, — as touching as i( was unex.
IH'cted to her new guest.
iMrs. Delany still wns fall, (hough snmo of lier hpiitht
was probably lo«(. No( miieh, however, fiir slin was
'Daughter nf John (irnnville, Ksq. nnd niecv of l*n|ie's
(iranvilje, tlio tlien Ixird Loiisdowiie, " of every Muse (lio
IViend."
t Sco Sir Waller ScoU'a Life of Swilt
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384
JMEiWOIRS OF DR. niTRNEV.
ro»:
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Ln'l
M
remarkably u|>ri<riit. Tlicru were little ruinaiiiB uf bounty
left in feature ; but benevolence, soflneHK, piety, and
sense, were all, aa conversation brniiglit tliein into |>lay,
depicted in her face, witli a sweetness of look nnd man-
ner, that, notwithstanding her years, were nearly fasci-
nating.
The report generally spread of her being blind, added
surprise to pleasure at such active jiersonal civilities in
receiving her visiters. Blind, however, she |ialpably was
not She was neither led about the room, nor afraid ol
niakiiijr any false step, or mistake; and the turn of her
head to thost} whom she meant to address, was constantly
right. The expression, also, of her still pleasing, though
dim eves, told no sightleiiB talc ; but, on the contrary,
manilcsted that she had by no means lost the view of
the countenance any more than of the pri'scnce of her
company.
But Uie fine perception by which, formerly, she had
drawn, painted, cut out, worked, and read, was obscured ;
and of all those accomplishments in which she had
excelled, she was utterly deprived.
Of their former possession, however, there were ample
proofs to demonstrate their value ; her apartments were
hung round with pictures of her own painting, beautifu'Ij-
designed and delightfully coloured ; and ornaments of
her own execution of striking elegance, in cuttings and
variegated stained pa|)er, embellished her chimncy'pieec ;
partly copied frarn antique studies, partly of fanciful
invention ; but all equally in the chaste style of true and
refined good taste.
At the re<|uest of iMrs. Chaponc, she instantly ond un-
affectedly brought forth a volume of her newly invented
Mosaic flower-work ; an art of her own creation ; con-
sisting of staining paper of all iiossible colours, and then
cutting it into strips, so finely and delicately, that when
posted on a a dark ground, in accordance to the flower
it was to produce, it li:id the apiK'a'ancc of a beautiful
painting ; except that it rose to the sight with a still
richer eflcet : ami this art .Mr:4. Delany had invented at
seventy-five years of age I
It was so long she said, after its suggestion, before
she brought her work into any system, that in the first
year she finished only two flowers : but in the second
she accomplished sixteen ; and in the third, one hundred
and sixty. And after that, many more. They were all
from nature, the fresh gathered, or still growing plant,
being placed innnediately before her for imitation. Her
collection consisted of whatever was most choice and
rare in flowers, plants, and weeds, or, more pro|)crly
siieaking, field Mowers; for, as Tlioinsoii ingeniously
sjiys, it is the "dull ineurious" i lone, who stigmatise these
native offsprings of Flora by I ligrading title of weeds.
Her plan had been to finisli one thousand, for a com-
plete herbal ; but its progress had l)een stop|M'd short,
by the feebleness of her sight, when she was witliin only
twenty of her original sehcme.
She had always loarked the spot whence she took, or
received, her model, with the date of the year on the
corner of each flower, in iliffereiit coloured letters ; '* but
the last year," she meekly said, " when I found my
eyes becoming weaker ancf weaker, and threatening to
fail mc before my plan could be completed, I cut out my
initials, M. D,, in white, for I fancied myself nearly
working in my winding sheet !"
There was something in her smile at this melan-
choly sjieeeh that blended so much eheerfulnt^ss with re-
signation, as to render it, to the meiiiurialist, extremely
aneeting.
ivlrs. C;iia|)one enquired whether her eyes ha'd been in-
jured by any ecdd !
Iiislailtly, at the qui^stion, recalling her spirits, " No,
no !" she replied ; " nothing has attaeked tlieni but my
reigning malady, old age I — 'I'is, however, oidy what
we are all striving to obtain ! And I, for one, have
founil it a very comfortable state. Yesterday, neverthe-
loss, my peculiar infirmity was rather distressing to me.
I received a note from young Mr. Montagu, written in
the name of his aunt, that recpiired an immediate answer.
But how riiuld ! give it to what I eould not evin read '
My good Astley was, by great ehan(M-, gone abroad; and
my housemaid ran neither wrili: nor read ; and my nnin
liap|)ened to Ix^ in disgrace, so I eonid not di> him sneh a
favour [smiling) as to lie obliged to him! I resolved,
therefore, to try, once more, to read niVM'lf ; and I huiitrij
nut my old hmg-laid-hy magnifier. Hut it would not do!
it wu all in vain ! I then ferreted out a larger glass ;
nnd with that, I hail the great satiHliulion to make out
IIh) first word, —but Ix'fore I eould gel at the seeonil,
even the firnl lieciime a blank ! My ryci, howiver, have
served me so long and so well, iliiit I shiinld Is: very
ungrateful to quart«I wiU) lliuni. I ihun, luckily, rceoi.
leeted that my cook is a scholar ! So I sent for her,
and we made out the billet together — which, indeed,
deserved a ninch liettcr answer than I, or my cook
either, scholar as she is, could bestow. But my dear
niece will be with me ere long, and thon I shall not be
quite such a bankrupt to my correspondents."
Bankrupt, indeed, was she not, to gaiety, to good
humour, or to polished love of giving pleasure to her
social circle, any more than to keeping pace with her
corres|»ondcnts.
\Mien .Mrs. Chaponc mentioned, with much regret,
that a previous evening cngngenient,must force her away
at lialf-past seven o'clock — " Half-past seven /" Mrs.
Delany repeated, with an arch smile ; " U fie! fie ! Mrs.
Chaponc ! why Miss Larolles would not for tlie world
go any where before eight or nine !"
And when tlie memorialist, astonished as well as
diverted at such a sally I'rom Mrs. Delany, yet desirous,
from embarrassment, not to seem to have noticed it,
turned to look at some of the piiaures, and stup[>ed at a
charming (mrtrait of Madame de Savignt^, to remark its
expressive mixture of sweetness, intelligence, and vivacity,
the smile of Mrs. Delany became yet archer, as she
s|iortively said, " Yes ! — she looks very — enjouie, as
Captain Aresby would say."
This was not a speech to lessen, or meant to lessen,
either surprise or amusement in the memorialist, who
nevertheless, quietly contiimed her examination of the
pictures, till she stop|H'd at a portrait that struck her to
have an air of spirit i>nd genius, that induced lier to
enquire whom it represented.
)Irs. Delany did not mention the name, but only an-
swered, " I don't know how it i. , Mrs. Chaponc, but I
can never, of late, look at that picture without thinking
of poor Bclfield."
This was heard with a real start — though certainly not
of pain ! But that Mrs. I>elany, at her very advanced
time of life, eighty three, should thus have jwrsonified to
herself the characters of a Istok so recently |>idilished,
mingled in its |>leasurc nearly as much astonishment as
gratification.
Mrs. Delany — still clear-sighted to countenance, at
least — seemed to read her thoughts, and, kindly tiking
her hand, smilingly said : " Y^m nnist forgive us. Miss
Burney ; it is not quite a propriety, I own, to talk of
these [H'ople U'fiire you ; but wo don't know how to speak
nt all, now, without naming them, they run go in our
heads I"
Karly in the evening, they were joined by Mrs. De.
lany's Isliived and loving friend, the Duchess Dowager
of Portland; a lady who, though not as exquisitely pleas-
ing, any ninie than as interesting by age as Mrs. D<^lany,
— who, born with the century, was now in her eighty -third
year — had yet a physiognomy that when lighted up by any
discourse in which she took a part from |K-r8onal i'eelings,
was singularly expressive of sweetness, sense, and
dignity ; three words that exactly fi)rincd the description
ofjicr manners; which were not merely free from pride,
but free, also, from its mortifying deputy, afllibility.
Mrs. IX'lany, that pattern of the old school in high
politeness, was now, it is prnbnble, in the sphere whence
Mr. Burke had signalised her by that ehnrncter; for the
reception of the Duchess of Portland, and her conduct to
that noble friend, strikingly displayed the self-|ioss<'ssion
that gojsl taste with good breeilingean bestow, even u|)on
the most timid mind, in doing the honours of home to a
sU|ierior.
.*<ho welcomed her grace with o« much rcspectftil
ceremony as if this had In'en a first visit; to manifest
that, what in its origin she had taken as an honour, she
had so much true humility a» to hold to Is- rather more
than less so in ilseoiitinuanee; yet she constantly exerted
n spirit, in prunouneitig her omiosing or concurring sen-
timents, in till' eonversaliun that ensued, that showed as
dignified an inile|iendenee of character, as it marked a
sincerity as will as happiness of iViendship, in the society
of her eli'vali'd guest.
'I'he memorialist was presented to her grace, who
eaine with the ex|K'etation of niciting her, in the most
gentle and flatlering terms by Mrs. Delany; and she
was reeiived with kindness rather tlisn gooilness. ' The
wntrhfid regard of the diiehess for Mrs. Di^lany, siMin
iHiinted out the marked |)artinlity which that revered
lady was already conceiving for her new visiter ; and the
diiehess, pleam'd to abet, as salubrious, every elieerinu
|iro|H'iisily in her Isliiveil friend, iminedialely disimsed
herself to second it with the most obliging alacrity.
Mrs. Delnny gratifiril by this apparent approvanee,
then started the siibjeel of the reeeni piibliealinn, with a
H\nw of pleasure that, though she ulterr<l her favouring
opiiiiuiis with the iiiust imutrected, the ehasteat liin.
idieity, made the " eloquent blood" rush at every flan, , I
ing Kcnlence into her pale, soft, aged cheeks, as jf | ' j
years had been as juvenile as her ideas and her kinilnr J
Animated by the animation of her friend, the liudul
gaily increased it by her own ; and tlie wnriii.|]|.j,|,j|
Mrs. Cha|)onc still augmented its energy, hy i,,., i I
nignant delight that she had brought such a ncriiF tJ
bear for her young companion : while all three sponitclvl
united in talking of the characters in the publicntlim i' I
if speaking of persons and incidents of tlieir own pccnf
liar knowledge. °|
On the first pause upon a theme which, tlioiigh nnJ
voidubly embarrassing, could not, in hands of such noli.
courtesy, that knew how to make flattery subsiTviim inL
elegance, and praise to delicacy, be seriously <lislrcnlii,J
the deeply honoured, though confused object of bo imi.|J
condescension, seized tlie vacant moment for startini! UiJ
name of .Mr. Ci isp. '"
Nothing could belter propitiate the introduction wind.
Dr. Burney desired for himself to the corres|>oii(i,.„| „»
Dean Switt, and the quondam acquaintance of liia (],|„|
monitor, Mr. Crisp, tlian bringing this latter uuon i
scene.
The duchcBB now took the lead in the diseoumo ond
was charmed to hear tidings of a former friend, wlioln^
l>ecn missed so long in the world as to be tliuujilii In^J
She enquired minutely into his actual way uf life y
health and his welfare ; and wlicther )ic retained' M
fondness and high taste for all tlic polite arts.
To the memorialist this was a topic to give a flow <
spirits, that spontaneously banished tlio reserve anA
silence witli strangers of which she stood gencrallv icj
ciiscd : nnd her history of tlie patriarchal nttaehmonl of
Mr. Crisp to Dr. Burney, and its benevolent e.vtcnuion K
every part of his family, while it revived Mr. CrijiitJ
the memories and regard of the duchess and of Mnl
Delany, Btimulated their wishes to know the man— llj
Burney — who alone, of all the original ceiiiiectionii t
.Mr. Crisp, had preserved siich power over his ntrnli™J
as to be a welcome inmate to his almost henniticillil
closed retreat 1
And tlie account of Chesington Hall, its insiilalcd anl
lonely position, its dilapidated state, its nearly inarcisc
sible roads, its quaint old pictures, and straight InnJ
garden [latlis, was as curious and amusing to .Mr3
C;lia|)one, who was spiritedly awake to wliotcvor wu
romantic or uncommon, as the description of thr M
of the domain was interesting to those who had Imota
him when he was as eminently a nan of the woild,a«l(
was now become, singularly, the recluse of a villn|;c.
Such was the basis of the intercourse that tlannforl
ward took place lictwcen Dr. Burney and the oilmirabL
Mrs. Delany; who was not, from her feminine and del
gant character, and her skill in the arts, more In iIn
taste of Ur. Burney, tlian ho had tlie honour to ir
hers, from his varied acquirements, and his unnlraincj
readiness to bring tiiem forth in social meeting's. WhilJ
his daughter, who thus, by chance, was the linppy IdI
strunient of this junction, reaped from it >i iWWghi tlnl
was soon exalted to even bosom felicity, from the iiiilul|
gent partiality with which that graceful pntteni ofnldiii
times met, received and cherished the rcvercnfini allachl
nient which she inspired ; and which iiniHTcrplililj
graduated into a mutual, a trusting, a saered friomliliipl
as soothing, frnni his share in its forinntion, lo lirl
honoured Mr. l^risp, as it was delighting to Dr. UiiriHjr
from its seasonable initigatinn of the loss, the di.<ii|J
pointment, the breaking up of Strcatliniii.
MR. I'llISP.
But tlioiigh this gently cheering, nnd highly liniiaiiril
blu ennnection, by Its kindly operation, oirercil llir linf
mental solace to that |Mirtentous journey lo llafh, »liirll
witli a blight had o|H'ned the spring of I7H.'I; thai bli(hl
was still unhealed in the excoriation of its JMlllrliopJ
when n new incision of anguish, more deeply ciitlinl
still, and more iMrmanenlly incurable, piereeii llir hnii
of Dr. Burney, by tidings iVoni Chesingtun liial Mrl
Crisii was taken dangerously ill. T
'I'iie ravages of the gnut, which had lung Inlil m'lj
the health, strenhlh, spirits, nnd life.enjnying mrinir
this nclmirnhlc man, now extended their imlefiil ilrtmlil
tioiis lo the seals of existence, the head ami llie I'rt'iftl
wavering oecasiimnlly in their work, with miniilliiiif if
less relentless rigour, but never aboliiig in nii iinrr uf fM
tality. I
Susanna, — now Mrs. l*hilli|Ni, — was at ('liminnloii il
the time of the seitiirr ; and lo her gentle liow'iii, i
iniisl relueliint ]wn, fell the sorrowing Innk i>f iimwnrj
ing this qiiiekspprnnehing enlnmily In Dr. Hiirnn, im^
all his huuM): and in the same uniaun lliul hail Isi nil"
I Amoncst the nianj
•tnlj of Dr. Iliirncy
•iMiinalile artist, tl
leiiiiofllii' ilDctnr;
wihe llil(,Tni.in ta
fcWiioflhehirlh.pla
I Tlif I'ainniis paintet
1" Ihul hl« pii'lnre
Pifhwai {laiiilecl fin
fW I'loliisivejy to
f»i in the watery
FBiirnoy, Iheiifiill
ITliu wliiin»ica| ine
» imj|[iiiaiion of M
»'";>"(,• III which
i^JiKtcicnirrriltoth
rush ut 1 very flan,, t
gcd chi'oks, OS if ii, J
IcoB and her kiiidncj
LT friend, the dutli,^
nd tho warin.litaiiij
I energy, hy !,„ \^f
jght Kucli a rccnr i,L
ilc all three simrtitfl J
in llio public«li„„,,',|
its of their own pec,.!
wliich, thoiifhiinaJ
in Iiand8 of mich noliJ
flattery subnorvuni il
Bcriouuly disirckiinj
i§ed object of bo nmtj
lomcnt for starting ilJ
Ihc introduction «liiih|
1 the corren|ion(i(Til II
uaintance of his tail J
ig thiB latter upon ili^
in tho diseoursr, luiilj
'ormcr friend, who hJ
aB to be tilOU)r|it lontj
ictual way of lift, hi^
lethcr lie rutainnl I
> polite art».
topic to give a flow i
shed tlio renervc anl
he stood generally iJ
iriarchal nttnelimriit J
Ijcncvolciit extension iJ
t revived Mr. CrinpiJ
! duelicBB and of Mn
know the man— I)t|
iriginal conuectionn i
iwcr over hia nllVdionJ
LIB alnioxt herini'liuilll
1 Hall, its insulated m\
ate, itB nearly iiiarns
irei«, and Btraiglit In
and aniUHiiig to Mr
»ako to whotcver mi
^CBcription of tlic chid
tlioHC who had kiiottJ
nnn of the world, asli^
rcehise of a villn|;c.
rcouwe thnt tli(nrefor|
:ncy and the oilmirab
her feminine and<le|
tho artu, more to ih
d the honour to k
ilH, and IiIh unBtrnlnr
locial niecliiit;i>. WiM
ICO, wan the linppy Inl
1 from it I delifrlit tliil
clieity, troin th'' liiiluU
aceful pnllirn of nidi
the rcvercnlinl attitlij
which iui|ierpc|ililil)f
Ig, a xnered I'rienililiipl
itB forniatiiin, to licl
ighting to Dr. Uiirnrjl
|f the loss, the di)a|i|
allinni.
k and liiEhly honoiinj
Iration, otfend thr RnT
Timrney to Itnlli, wlii'l
|gof 17h:I; tliatbliihl
itinn of ItB InflirlinnJ
I, more deeply ciitlini
Vile, iiiereeil ilic liwi
('lieiiin);tiiu lliat .Mrl
I hnd lonR liii<l »«'<^
kft'.enjiivinil nervii
1 Ihilr inlefiil diraMiJ
head anil tlie liri"l|
Jk, with rmniilliiiit '
Ming in nit Ji«cc "f fH
vaB at ('lioinnlon il
\t gentle l«)w>"i. «"f
Ing tnsk "f uniiimnrj
|V to Dr. Ilnrnry, <iw^
un that hid Ix I'll II
W^3^®aS^S ©Bl»»®» ®l^®Wli^ffi3tSf(a miSi^^IB^.
vol- '•
rillLADHIiPIIIA, Ji;i.V 'i, 1KI3.
NO. 'za.
Pkintkd and PrBLiflHED Bv AOAM \VAi-.I)II^., \n. G, Niirth Kiqiith Street, Piui.jkDKLPiiii — At $3 lor rri iminlH rs, imytttflu in ailvanre.
I be was now their grief. Sorrow, Have at the diBBolii-
1 'gf conjugal or tiliul tic!i, could go no deeper. The
I igrtor would have abandoned every call of busincsH or
IjgKKst,— for pleaBurc at such a period had no call to
liikc!— ill order to embrace and to attend upon his long
I jarctt friend, if his Susanna had not dissuaded him from
Idmournliil an exertion, by representations of the uncer-
luiair of finding even a monunt in which it might be
IgK to risk any agitation to the sufferer; whose |>ains
Inrc f" torturing, that he fervently prayed to heaven for
IjlK^lii.fot'clentli: — while the prayers for the dying were
lind to iiiiii daily by his pious sister, Mrs. Gast.
I .\n>i only by tlic most urgent similar remonstrances,
Itoald ill" '■'•'e'' or "'" younger of the doctor's daughters
Ittkcpt awnv; so completely as a fond father was Air.
Icnip loved I'V iill.
I But tills nt'iiiorialist, to whom, for many preceding
InuJ, Mr. Crisp had rendered CJicsington a second, a
I'toder, an always open, always inviting home, was so
Ifirtclicd while withheld from seeking once more his
rht and his benediction, that Dr. Dumey could not long
e her willies. In some measure, indeed, ho sent
Itr » lii" o^vn representative, by entrusting to her a Ict-
I of tender attachment and poignant grief from
jnffli'i which he told Iter not to deliver, lest it should
It oppressive or too affecting ; but to keep in hand, for
idm; more or less of it to him herself, according to
_tstrcn(rtli, sitirits, and wishes of his dying friend.
U'llh this fondly-sud commis.sion, slio hastened to
Mii;ton ; where she found her Susanna, and all the
H*, iininersed in nfflietinn : and where, in aliout a
((k, she endured the heartfelt sorrow of witnessing the
rliirc of the firHt, the most invaluable, the dearest
md of her immrning father ; and the inestimable ob-
1 of her own chosen confidence, her deepest respect,
I, from her earliest youth, almost filial afl'uction.
HAYDN.
I With Hnydn, Dr. Burney was in correspondence many
I bot'orc that noble and truly crkative composer
isitrd Rnirliind ; and almost enthusiastic was the adinira-
n with which the musical liistorian o|)cned u|)on the
Ujcri.and the matchless merits, of that sublime gtinius,
I the fourth volume of tho History of Music. " I am
It," he snys, " happily an :vcil at that part of my nnr-
iliirwhiTe it is necessaiy to speak of Hayhn, the in.
oparable IIwun; from wliiisu productions I have rc-
inml more pleasure late in life, wlicn tired of most other
m, than I ever enjoyed in the most ignorant and
pma part of my youth, when every thing was new,
titho diiimsition to bo pleased was undiminished by
iliciim,or satiety."
MKTASTASIO.
I With Mi'tastasio, who in chaste pathos of sentimental
nijfiict', nn<. a purity of expression that seems to
nnili'troni purity of feeling, stands nearly unequalled,
k inidiiously maintained the intcrcniirso which he had
pily b(guii with tliut lauruate-poet at Vienna.
nAKnv.
Amoncst the many coteni|mrary tributes paid to the
pttili of Dr. Iturncy, there was one from u eelebrnled
liMiinnWe artist, that caused no small diversion to tlie
head) ol'the iloelor; and, ix'rliaps, to the public at large,
hnlhc IlilhTiiiiiu tiile which it seemed instinctively to
hWdoftlie liirth-plnce of its designer.
ITlirt'iunnui painter, Mr. llnrry, nfler a formal deelara-
1 that hi* |iiituri' of The Triumph of the Thames,
Itiirliwa* paiiiliil for the Society of Arts, should Ik- de-
firlusively to iminortnliBing the eminent deail,
^i in the wiitery groii|ieB of tho renowned dojiarted,
Miirncy, then full of lite and vigour.
I Tim whiiiisieni incident pro<luced from tho still play
^mjjiuation of Mr. Owen ('iinibridge the followir.g
»ttipnl; to which he waB incited by an uecideiit that
i<jait(irciirrrdfotho celebrntrd (iililmn; who, in step.
ImhKhtly from, or to a Uwt of Mr. Cnnibridge'B,
lipt into llie 'I'haiiiPB ; wlirnce, however, he was in.
wlv and linniedinlely rescued, with no other misrliief
I • *i't jafkel, hy one of that limrleas, water-proof
F.iii'nonmialcd, hy .Mr. Oibbon, llio nmpliibioin fkinily
p™ ''ainhridKru.
>»:* >KiiiB»— 'Ji
" When Chloo's picture was to Venus shown," &c.
Prior.
"When nurney's picture was to Oiblmn shown.
The pleased liislori.in took it for his own ;
'For who, with rhoulders dry, and powder'd locks.
E'er bath'd but I V he said, and rapt his Imx.
" Uarry replied, ' My lasting colours show
What girts the painter's (icncil can bestow;
With nymphs of Thames, those amiable creatures,
I placed the charming minstrel's suiiling features :
But let not, then, his bonne fortune concern ve.
For there are nymphs enough for you — and burney." "
DR. JOIIVSOX.
Out all that Dr. Burney po^ses.scd, either of spirited re-
sistance or acquiescent submission to inislbrtuiie, ums
again to be severely tried in the sunimer that fullouiil
the spring of this unkindly year ; for the healtli of his
venerated Dr. Johnson received n blow from which it
never wholly recovered ; though frcqiieiil rays of Iio|>e
intervened from danger to danger ; and though more than
a year and a half were still allowed to his honoured exist-
ence upon earth.
Mr. Seward first brought to Dr. Hurney the alarming
tidi'igs, that this great and good man had been afllicted
hy a pa-alytic stroke. The doctor hastened to Holt court,
takinir with him this memorialist, wim had frequently
anl urgently been desired liy Dr. Johnson hiuiselt', during
tho time that they lived so much together at Strenthani,
to see him often if he should he ill. But he was sur-
rounded hy medical people, and could only admit Uie
doctor. He sent down, nevertheless, tlie kindest message
of thanks to the truly sorrowing daughter, f<)r e.illing
u|ion him; and a request that, " when he should be IkI-
ter, she would come to him again and again."
From Mrs. Williams, with whom she remained, she
then received the comfort of nn assurance tliit the phy-
sicians had pronounced him not to lie in d.inger; niid
even that they expi'cted tlu^ illness would Ik' siK'cdily
overcome. The stroke had been confined to the tongue.
Mrs. Williams related a very touching eircunistanee
that had attended the att.-ieki It had hapiK-iicd nlKiut
f'our o'clock in the morning, when, though slie knew not
how, he had been sensihlo to the seizure of a pirnlytic nl'-
feetion. He arose, and composed, in his iiiiiul, a prayer
in Latin to the Almighty, That however acute might Ire
the pains for which he ninsf befit himself, it would please
him, through the grace and mediation of our Saviour, to
spare hl^ IntellectH, and to let all his Bufferings fall u|ion
his body.
When he had internally conceived this petition, he
endeavoured to pronounce it,aecoriling to his pious prnc-
tice, aloud — but his voice was gone! — Ho was greatly
struck, though humbly and resigneilly. It was not,
however, long, before it returneil; but at first with very
imperfect articulation.
Dr. Burney, with the zeal of true affection, made time
unceasingly fiir enquiring visits: and no sooner was the
invaliil restored to the power of reinstating himself in his
drawing-room, than the memorialist received iVom him a
suinmiMis, which she oln'yed the following morning.
She was welcomed with the kindest pleasure; though il
was with inueli ililficulty that he endeavoured to rise, and
to mark, with wide extended arms, his cordial gladnesB at
her sight ; and he was foreed lo lean Imek against the
wainscot ns impressively he uttered, ".Mil — dearest of all
dear lailies ! — "
He soon, however, recovered more strength, and a"-
siiini'd the force to conduct her liiinself, and with no small
eereiiiony, to his Is'st chair.
" < 'an you forgive me, sir," she cried, when she saw
thnt he had not bri'akfusted, " for coming so siMin!"
" t can less fiirgive your not eoining sooner I" he an-
swered, with n smile.
She asked whether shn might mako hi* ton, which sho
hacl not done since they had lell |>o<)r Sireatliniii; where
it had Is'eii her constant and gratifying husinesB to give
him that regale, .Miss Thralo Uiiig yet too young (or the
office.
He renilily, and with pleasure eonsenled.
" But, sir," quoth she, " I am in the wrong eliair."
For it woi on his own nick largo arm uliair, which waa too
heavy for her to move, that he had formally sealed her
and il was away from the table.
" It is so ditlicult," cried he, with quickness," for any
lliiiiq to l)c wrong that Inlongs to you, that it can only
bo I that am in tlie wrong chair to keep you from the
right one!"
This playful good-hTiinour was wi reviving in showing
his recovery, that though Dr. Burney could not remain
above ten minutes, his daughter, for whom he sent back
his carriage, could with difliculty retire at the end of two
hours. Dr. Johnson endeavoured most earnestly to en-
gage her to stay and dhie wKli him and .Mrs. WilliamB;
but Ih.'it was not in her |iowcr; though co kindly was hi^
lieart oi)ciie<l by her true joy at his re-establishment, that
he parted I'roiii her with a reluctance that was even, antJ
lo IkiiIi, painful. Warm in rls affections was the heart
of this gieat and good man ; his temper alone was ti>
fault where it appeared to be otherwise.
When his recovery was confirmed, ho occipted soino
lew of the niony invitations that were mode to him, by
various friends, to try ut tlieir dwellinga th>! air of tho
country. Dr. Uiirney mentioned to him, one evening,
that he had heard that the first of these essays was to bn
made at the house of Mr. Bowles; and the memorialist
added, that she was extremely glad of that news, be-
cause, though she knew not Mr. Bowles, she had been
informed that he had a true sense of this distinction, onrf
was delighted by it beyond measure.
' He is so delighted," said the doctor, gravely, and al-
most with a sigh, " that it is really — shoekitigl"
" And why so, sir ?"
' Why !" he repeated, " becanse, necessarily, he must
lie disap|H)inted! For if a man be ex|>eeted to leap twenty
yards, and should really leap ten, which would be so
many more than ever were k-apt before, still they would
not be Iweiitv; and ronseqiicnlly, Mr. Bowles, and Mr.
every Ixidy lise would be disappointed."
It had hap|iencd, through vexatious circumstanccR,
af)er the return from ( liesington, that Dr. Buriiev, in
his visits to Bolt Court- had not U'en able to take thither
his daughter ; nor yet to sjiare her his cariinge for a
separate enquiry ; ami incessant bad weather had niado
walking iiiipraeticablc. Alter n week or two of this
omission, Dr. Johnson, in u letter to Dr. Burney, cnehM-
ed the folkiwing billet.
TO MISS nURNKV.
" Madam, — You have now been at home thi« long
time, and yet 1 have neither leeii nor litard from yOii.
Have we quarrelled I
" I have met with a vohinie of the riiilosOpliicut
Transactions, wbieli I imagine to liclong to Dr. BurnCy.
Miss Charlotte will pk'ase to examine.
" Pray seiiil nie a direction where Mrs. Clinpone ItVeB;
and pray, some time, let me have tho honour of telling
you liow much I am, madimvyour most humble servant,
" Sam. Joh.vson.
" Roll Court, A'or. »9, 178,3."
Inexpressibly shocked to have hurt or displeased her
hoiKiured friend, yet eonscioUB from all within of unal.
terable and afTeelionate rerercncc, she took, eoiirago to
answer liini without offering any Bcriona defence.
TO OR. JOIt.S'SON.
" IVar Sir, — May I not say dear ? — for quarrelled I
am sure we have not. Tho bait weather nioiic has kept
me from wailing n|ion yon : but now, that you have
enndi'seended lo give nio a HUinnioiiB, no ' lion shall
stand in the way' of my making your tea this afternoon
— unless I receive a prohibition from yourself, and then
— I must submit : for what, as you said of a certain
great lady, signifies the balking of a lap-dog, if uucn tiin
lion pulB out his paw ?
" The Nmk was right.
" Mrs. Cha|ionp livi's in Dean street, Hoht,
" I Is'g von, Bir, lo forgive a ilelay for *liii'li I can
' tax Ihe efementsonly with nnkindness,' and lo receive
with your usual g(H«lnesB and indnlgenee,
" Vour ever iiiost obliged, and most fuilliAil liiimblo
servant, * F. Burnky.
" I'Mh Aur. 17H.1, Sir. Mailih't Slntl."
.\ latent, hut inoBi potent reason, had, in (Vet, . omc
share in nbrlting the rietnents in the failure of the ine-
morialisl of |>«ying hir rcsjH'cts in Dolt Cniirl at thlB
J*
r-
.4 •'
i
I > .
i
<!
'I
■'•'■*
•■•:1 I
y^K
t.-
nao
iUUMoins OF on. buu.mjy.
?'»
Mm.
mm':
'H'
period ; except when nttemlinp tliilher lier futhcr. Ur.
liiirney feiired her seeiiij; Dr. Joliiison alone ; dreadlnif,
for both thiir sakes, the nnhjcct to whieh tlic doctor
niiiflit revert, if they should chance to be Itle-dlite.
Hitherto, in the many meetings of the two doctors and
herself tliat had taken place atlcr the paralytic stroke of
Dr. Johnson, as well or during the many tlint had more im-
mediately followed the retreat of Mrs. Tliralc to Bath,
the name of that laily liad never once been mentioned by
any of the three.
Not from difference of opinion was the silence ; it was
rather from a pnint'ul certainty that their opinions must
bo in unison, and, conseipiently, that in unison nnist be
their regrets. Each of them, therefore, having so warm-
ly esteemed one whom each of them, now, so nlHicling-
ly blanierl, they tacitly concurred that, for the immediate
moment, to cast a veil over her name, actions, and re-
nicnibrjnce, seemed what was most respectful to their
past feelings, and to her present situation.
But, after the impressive reproach of Dr. .Tohnson to
tlic niemoiialist relative to her absence ; and after a sei-
zure which caused a constant anxiety for his healtli, she
could no longer consult her discretion at the ex|H.'nse of
her regard j and, u|)on ceasing to observe her precautions,
she was unavoidably left with him, one morninic:, by Dr
Burney, who had indis|)ensable business further on in
tlic city, and was to call for lii:r on his return.
Nothing yet had publicly transpired, with certainty or
authority, relative to tlio projects of Mrs. Thrale, who
had now been nearly a year ut Bath ; though nothing
was left unreported, or unasserted, with re8|)ec;t to her
proceedings. Nevertheless, how far Dr. Johnson was
hiinsell' informed, or was ignorant on the subject, nei-
ther Dr. liurncy nor his daughter could tell ; and each
equally feared to learn.
Seirrely an instant, however, was the latter left alone
in Unit Court, ere she saw llie justice of her long apprc-
lien-iuns; lor while she planned speaking on some topic
that might have n chance to catch the altenticm of the
doctor, a sudden change from kind tranquillity to strong
austerity took place in his altered crniiitenancc; and,
stirtled and allVightcil, she held her pcucr.
A silence almost awful succeeded, though, previously
to Dr. Burner's ab.'.nce, llie gayest discourse had bi'en
rceii)rocated.
The doctor then, see-sawing violently in his chnir, as
usual when he was big with any powert'ul emotion whe-
ther of pleasure or of p:iin, seemed deeply moved ; lint
without limking ut her, or speaking, he intently fixi d his
eyes u|>on the fire : while his panic struck visiler, lilltd
witii (li-inay at tlic storm which she saw galluring over
the eii iraeler and conduct of one still dear to her very
heart, from the furrowed front, the laborious heaving ol
the |K)jiderous chest, and the roll of the large, [K'nelrat-
ing, wruthtul eye of hi'r honoured, hut, just then, terrific
lio.-I, .".ite mute, notionless, and sad; trenibling;ly await-
ing H mentally demolishing lluinderbolt.
Thus passed a fesv minuicB, in which she scarcely
dared breiitlie; while tliu respiration of the doctor, on
the iMuilrary, was of asthmatic force and loudni'ss ; llien,
sudilciily turning lo her, witii an oir of mingled wrutli
and woe, he hoarsely ejaculated : " I'iozzi I"
lie evidently meant to say more ; but the eflort willi
which he articulated that namo robbed him of any voice
fur ainplitlcation, und hii wliolo frumo grew trcmu'ously
convulsed.
His guest, appalled, could not spook; hut lie soon dis.
ceriii d that it was grii'f from eoineidence, not distrust
from opiKisitiim of sentiniLnt, that caused her taciturnity.
This ^KTccption calmed him, and he then exhibited a
iliee " in sorrow nioru than anger." His see-suwing
abated of its velocity, and, again fixing his lookn ujion
the fire, ho fell into pensive rumination.
From time to time, nevertheless, ho impressively
glineed u|xm her his full fraught eye, that told, had its
expression liecn developed, whole vohimcs of his regret,
his disappointment, his astonished indignancy : but, now
nnd then, ii also spoke so clearly and no kindly, that he
found her ."ight and her stay noothin); lo his disturbance,
that she felt ai if confidentially communing with him,
although they exchanged nel a word.
At length, and with great agitation, hn broke forth
with : " She carei for no one I You, only — you, she
loves still ! — but no one — and notliing die ! — you ihe
still lores — "
A half smile now, though of no very gay character,
Rofteneil a little the severity of his features, while he
tricil to rcsunic pmuiu chccrrullicss in udiliiig ; " As —
(he loves her little linger I"
It was plain by this burlesque, or, |K'rhapa, playAilly
literal comparison, that he meant now, and tried, todissi-
put(^ tlie solemnity of his concern.
'Ihe hint was taken ; his guest started another eubjeet ;
and this he resumed no more. He saw how distressing
was the theme to a hearer whom he ever wished to
please, not distress ; ond ho named Mrs. Thrale no
more ! t'onimon topics took place, till they were rejoin-
ed by Dr. Uurney, whom then, and indeed olways, he
likewise spared upon this sutijcct.
Very ill again Dr. Johnson grew on the approach of
winter ; and with eijual fear and affection, both fatlier
and daughter sought him as often as it was in their
|)owcr; though by no means as frequently as their zeal-
ous attachment, or as his own kind wishes might have
prompted. But fullness of alfuirs, and the distance of
ills dwelling, impeded such continual intercourse as their
mutual regard would otherwise have instigated.
This new failure of health was aeeonipanied by a sor-
rowing depression of spirits; though unniixt with the
smallest deterioration of intellect.
One evening, — the last but one of the sad year 1783,
— when Dr. Burnc)' and the memorialist were with him,
and some othir not remembered visiters, he took an op-
portunity during a general discourse in which he did
not join, to turn suddenly to the ever-favoured daugh-
ter, and, fervently grasping her hand, to say : " 'I'hc
blister I have tried for my breath has bctrnycd some very
bad tokens! — but I will not terrify myself by talking of
them. — Ah I — /«ifz Duupour moil"
Her promise was as soionin as it was sorrowful ; but
more humble, if possible, than cither. That such a man
should enndeseend to make her such a request, amazed,
and almost bewildered her : yet, to a mind so devout as
that of Dr. Johnson, prayer, even from the most lowly,
never seemed presuiiiptous; and even — where ho be-
lieved in its sincerity, soothed him — for a passing mo-
ment — with an idea that it might be propitious.
Tliis was the only instance in which Ur. .Tohnson
over addressed her in French. Ho did not wi.'^li so se-
rious an iiijuiicMion to reach other ears than her own.
lint those who imagiiio that the fear of death, wliieli,
at this period, was the prominent feature of lljo mind
ol Dr. Johnson; and which exulted not more conimise-
ratiijii than wonder in thu observers and coininentalors
of the day; was the ctreel of conscious eriiniiiality ;
or produced by a latent belief that he had sinned
more than his fellow sinners, knew not Dr. Jolinson t
lie thought not ill of himsilf as compared with his
human bielhren: but ho weighed in the rigid scales
of his calculating justice the great talent which ho hud
received, against the uses of it v.hicli he had made
And found himself wanting !
Could it bo otherwise, to one who had a conscience
poigimiitly alive to a sense ofduty, und religiously sub-
missive to the awards of retributive responsibility 7
If those, therolbie, wlio ignorantly have marvelled,
or who maliciously would triuni|ih ut the terror of death
ill thn pious, would sincerely unil severely bow down to
a similar selfcxuiiiiuation ; the marvel would subside,
and the triumph might perhaps turn to blushes! in
considering — not the treinbliiig inferiority, but the su-
Idiiiie humility of this ablest and most dauntless of men,
but humblest and most orthodox of Christiuiis,
MR. IIIRKR.
The cordial the most potent to Ihe feelings and the
spirits of the doctor, in this hard-trying year, was the
exhilarating partiality displayed towards him by .Mr.
Burke; und which was doubly soothing by wurnily nnd
constantly including tlie memorialist in its urbanity.
From the time of the party at Sir Joshua Reynolds' u|Hin
Kiehmond Hill, their intercourse had gone on with in-
crease of regard. Thev met, nnd not unfreqiiently, nl
varioiis places ; but chiejjy nt .Sir Joshua Reynolds', .Miss
Moneton's, and Mrs. Vesey's. Mr. Burkn delighted in
society n« much ns of society he was thn supreme delight :
nnd |icrhnps to tliis social disposition he owed that pnrt
of his oratorical excellence that made itsn entertainingly
varying, and su IVequently intcn|ior«cd with penetrating
rellections on human life.
But to the political circle to which Mr. Burke ond his
pow.-r« were princi|mlly devoted. Dr. Outney wag, acci.
dentally, a stranger. Accidentally may Im! said, for it
was by no nn-nns delilicrately, as he wa« not of any pub-
'ic station nr rank that demnndeil any restrictions lo his
mental connections. He was excursive, therefore, in his
intercourse, though fixed in his principles.
But Is'sides the three places almve nanii d, !Mr, Burke
himself, from the period of the assembly nt Miss Monc-
Um'f, had tlio gruco and amiability to drop in occasion-
ally, uninvited and unexpectedly, to the little lea.lalile„f|
St. iMartin's street ; where his bright welcome from ||,el
enchanted memorialist, for whom he coiistanlly i|,|.,|jjj|
when the doctor was abroad, repaid him — in sonirniFil
sure, [icrhaps — for almost always missing the chief nif
whom ho cnnie in search. I
The doctor, also, when he had half an hour to spateJ
took the new votary of Mr. Burke to visit him and hijf
pleasing wile, nt their apartments at the treasury, whtrJ
now was their oHieial residence. And here tlicv klJ
with wonder and admiration, amidst the whirl of poliijj
and the perplexities of ministerial arrangements, in wliitU
,Mr. Burke, then in the administration, was iucessamll
involved, how eheerfiilly, how ngrceably, how vivaciousirl
he could still be the most winning of domestic mrr,,tjiJ
kindest of husbands, the fondest of fathers, nnd the moi
delightful of friends.
During one of these visits to the treasury, Mr. BuriJ
presented to Miss Palmer a bcautil'ul inkstanil, wii|, J
joined portfolio, upon some new construction, nnd finislifj
up with various contrivances, equally useful nnd cmltll
li>liiiig. Miss Pawner accepted it with great pleasi
hut not without many conscious glances towards tliA
memoriali.st, which, at last, broke out into an cxdainal
tion ; " I am ashamed to take it, Mr. Burke! how muj
more Miss Burney deserves a writing present!" 1
".Miss Burney?" repeated he, with energy; "fnj
writing tackle for Miss Burney? No, no; she can besloJ
value on the most ordinary. A morsel of w hile tca-pawil
and a little blacking from her friend Mr. Briggn, inJ
broken gnlli|xit, would be converted by Miss Burney inij
more worth than all the stationary of all the treafury." L
This gay and ingcninns turn, which made the comiilil
ment as gratifying to one, as the present could be to ;i
other, raised a smile of general archness nt its uiiclrr^f ii
the company; and of comprehensive delight in Ur. liui
iicy,
The year 178.1 was now on its wane; so w.islhpii
ministration in which iNlr. Burke was a ininislcr; nhj
one day, after a dinner nl Sir Jt.shnn licyiiclds', .\|J
liiirke drew Dr. Burney aside, and, with great dclican
and feeling his wny, by the most investigiilinj Indks.^
lie proceeded, said that the organist's place nt Vhvlm
( 'ollcge was then vacant : tlint it was but t\v<ntv |".ui
a year, but that, to a man of Dr. Buriiey's eniiiu'nn'. ill
-iliindd be worth acceptance, it might be raise d to fiitj
lie thin lamcnled that, during the short lime in nliitl
he had Ik'ch paymaster general, nothing belter, and i
ilced, nothing else hud occurred more worthy of otTainJ
Triiliiig as this was in a peeimiury light, and certain]
'''.r beiieuth the ago or the rank in his prulVssinn ut 1
lUinicy, to possess any thing through the iiifliirncftJ
rather the friendship of .Mr. Burke, had a charm irmis
lilc. The doctor wished, also, for some retreat from, yJ
near Iiondnn; and he had reason to ho|ic for npartiiKnJ
}rc long, in the capacious Chelsea College. He thcrtl'cil
warmly returned his acknowledgments for tlic projK
to which he frankly acceded.
,\nd two days after, just as the news was pubhshid^
1 total change of administration. Dr. Bnrncv mrivn
from Mr. Ilurko the following notice of his vigilia
kindness; —
"to dr. nORNEY.
" I hiul yesterday the pleasure of voting you, my dn
sir, a salary of fifty pounds a year, us organist loClnln
Hospital. But an every increase of salary mndc atod
iMiiiril is subject to the upprobation of the lurds of In
treasury, what etl'cct the change now made may l:an I
know not; — but I do not think any treasury will mtm
" This was pour (aire la lioniie iHiUehr. at partiiij! mil
office ; and I am only sorry that it did not full in my nil
to show you a more substantial murk of my high mpiC
tor you and Minn Burney.
" I have the honour to lie, /ic.
" EuM. Biiut. ' I
" Horte (luatdi, Dtc. D, 1783."
" I really could not do thin bualnens nt a more i
period, else it would have been done infallibly."
riie plensiire of Dr. Burney nt this event wa« «fn>ilil
damped when he found that la bonne hnnrhr w kindl
made for himself, and no flatteringly uniting his dtnitlijl
in its intentions, was unallied to any sperirs of rrmiinf J
tion, or even of consideration, to Mr. Burke himwlr, Ir
all his own lonif willing services, his |«atriolic riffliM
for the generni good, and his noble, even whore ciN
iieous, cfleirts to stimulate public virtue. I
A shoit time afterwards, Mr, Burke calM liim™ 1
St. Martin's street, and,— for the doctor, nsu»iinl.«»"'J
at hoiiic,— Mr. Jliirke, ns iisii.il, had the niiideiKTiiMont^
tiiqiiirefor this memorialist; whom he found iloiif.
'V-'f<t
MEMOIRS OF DR. RURNEY.
3fi7
to llif little tca.talilt iri'l
•i^lit welcome from |),J
1 he coiisliiiilly tiHiuireiil
laiil him — in eomc nica.l
s missing the chitfi
I half an hour to npjitj
■kc to vif.it him and hi.
8 at the treasury, Hh(ri|
. And liere they ««■]
lidst the whirl of poliiic
I arrangemciiLx, in whitl
itration, was inccsMnilJ
rceably, how vivatiouilvl
ng of domestic men, ilJ
of fathers, and the moi
the treasury, Mr. BiiilJ
autiful inkstand, njili
onstruction, and fm'A^
|ually useful ond oni!<
I it with (jreat pleasute
us glances Inwarils ||J
kc nut into an cxclainil
1, Mr. Burke! how nracl
•riling prefcntl"
lie, with enerpy; "fiw
? No, no; she ran IcsttJ
morsel of n hile tca-pa|vi]
friend Mr. Hriegu, ini
rtcd by Miss Buriiej inJ
ry of all the Ircasurj-.'
, wliieli made Ihe complil
ic present cnulil be to in
archness nt its ad(h»s
nsivu delight in i)r. liut
its wane ; so was llio id
(c was a niiiiisitT; vlij
r Joshua IteyiuihU'. .M|
and, with prcat dtliiin
)st investijTi'.linn; Innks. ij
•gnnist's pliice nt Clirlfn
it was hut twenty pfjiii.ill
r. Buriiey's tniinencc, il I
might he raised to f '
the short lime in nhiil
, nothing; hettrr, and la
more worthy ofoffctlnj
liniary light, and ccrlalnl|
|i in his proli'ssion of I
hrongh the influrncr.d
Irke, had a charui irrrMsl)
or some retreat from, \ J
u to ho|ic for npiirlincnii
•aCiillege. lie lliml'ci|
gmeiits fur the pro|io
lie news was publislKiid
ion, I>r. Htirni y teciM
Ig uotico of his vigilu
INF.V.
Ic of voting you, my Hn
Tar, as organist toClirIf"
te of salary made «lo
Itioii of Ihe lords dill
[c now made may b"j
iylrensiirywillrpi«i:iciif
jie iHilirhr'ut parting «ilL
lit did not fall in my «i|
Inmrk of my high rc»|)<
I honour lolic, Ar.
" EuM. Bvui"
BiitincM nt « mow (
lone infallibly."
It this event w«« »pn'iM
I honnt fcoMfJf k> kW|
Jigly uniting hi»din|[lilj
lonv spfif" of remnnf J
li Mr. Burke himwlf. ""
Is, his iwlriolic ""!»«,
Innhle, even where ctH
I virtue. ]
Innrlie enlW I'mi'r" i
Idoeliir, nsuMinl,'""''!
Iiiidth lulwiisioTiy
Turn ho found alonf
II, iiitercd the room with thai penetrating look, yet
,, air, that marked his denicanour where his olijeet
I iifif'"? *^''*' "'''"' '" '■•^™'^'^ pleasure ; and in uttering
I „|„»lo8 of so much excellence fiir hruakiiig into lier
|liBif,as if he could possibly lie ignorant of Ihe honour
I it did her; or blind to the delight with which it was
II; was anxious, ho said, to make known in person
Ajiilie business of tlic Chelsea organ was fiiiully settled
(ihc treasury.
DilScult would it be, from the charm of his manner as
,(11 as of his words, to decide whether he conveyed this
(jjiiiiunication with most friendliness or most politeness :
hi, luiving delivered for l>r. Hurncy nil that otHcially
V^lonfil to ''><-' business, he thoughtfully, a moment,
.g<cd ; and then impressively said : "this is iiiy last
Kiofolficel"
He pronounced these words with a look that almost
iltlionalely displayed his satisfaction that it should so
lit bestowed ; and with such manly stdf-conimand of
Lgwrl'uliicss in the midst of frankly undisguised regret
(Jul ill his olfieial functions were over, that his hearer
Ltj sensibly, though silently touched, by hiicIi distin-
HiAmg partiality. Her looks, however, she hopes,
Ktf not so mute as her voice, for those of Mr. Burke
Ktmcd responsively to accept their gratitude. He
Lleratcd, then, his kind messages to tlic doctor, and
Kok leave.
1784.
The reviving ray of pleasure that gleamed from the
tuilncss of Mr. Burke at the close of the fatal year
;SI, still spread its geiihil warmth over I)r, Hnrney at
beftinniug of 17dt, by brightening a hojic of recovery
Dr. Johnson; a lio|ic which, though frequently
inmi'd, cast forth, from time to time, a transitory
lUc acarly to this year's conclusion.
DR. Johnson's cluii.
nr.Burney was now liccome a member of the Iiiterary
W; In which he found an association so select, yet so
)u<, lli.it tliere were few things, cither of business or
isure, that ho ever |ieriiiitted to iiiterllre with his
ItmiiacL'. Where, indued, could taste jioiiit out, or
furnish, a society to meet !iis wishes, if that
ggU Tiil which had the decided national superiority ol
uson and Burke at its head? while Banks, Ueaiielerk,
l»»cll, C'Hihuan, Courtney, Eliot (Earl), Fox, (Jibbon,
miiloa (.Sir William), Ilinchelitle, Jones, M'Cartiiey
IEkIi, MaloiHs I'orcy, Ucynnlds, Scott (Lord Scwel),
btridin, S|R'neer (Eail), Windham, and many others
Ifhijii and acknowledged abilities, successively entering,
uki'dtliisasseinlilagcas the pride — nut of this meeting
It, but of the classical British empire of the day.
J It had \n:cn tho original intention of Dr. Johnson,
■Ici tills club, of which the idea was conceived by .Sir
loiliiii Keyniilds, was in contemplation, to elect amongst
b members, some ono of noted reputation in every
; srknce, niid profession; to tho end that solid in-
Itaillar. might elucidate every subject that should Im'
ittiil. This profound suggestion, nevertheless, was
kr |n.isi'd over, or overruled.
I II is prntialile that those, so much the larger portion
(miikind, who love light and desultory discourse,
F |«Tsuaded they should find more amusement in
niltriiij alsiut the wilds of fanciful conjecture, than
kitibiiiitling to be disciplined by the barricri of sys-
n'd conviction.
IIAM)EL's COMMKMOnATION.
I litlic ensuing spring ond summer, a new and brilliant
iiMnnal occupation fell, fortunately, to the task ol
I Burney, drawing him from his cares, and beguiling
nl'toni liis sorrows, by notes of sweetest melotiy, and
«i»niilioii» of the most intricate, yet sound harmony ;
I thli year, which completed n century from thu birth
llliiM, was allotted lor a public commemoration of
'(Ml musician and his works.
[Di Hurncy, justly proud of the honour paid to Ihe
Uf lliat art of which ho was a professor, was soon,
'iiwlinctlvely wound up to his native spirits, by the
Hiuni whirli were called forth in nid of this noble
*'|"iM'. lie suggesttul fresh idens to the eouduetors ;
N'uroniHlledby all the directors; and his advice ond
>fi™ce iiilightened every member of the busineas in
Ikilnir walk he moved.
I M iiintint, however, to Im merely n enunsrilor to n
if'tion (if such eclat in his own career, lie resolved
' liToniing the historian of the transaction; nnd
dcygtiiig to il lii( host Ubouri grkluituusly, by
presenting them to the rniid lor the benefit of decayed
musicians and their families.
Tlii.s offer, aeeorilingly, he mode to the honourable
directors ; by whom it was accepted with pleasure and
gratitude.
Me now delegetcd ill his powers to the furtherance of
this grand sclicnie; i.iid drew up a norrative of the lesti-
val, with so much delight in recording the disiiitercsted-
ness of its voluntary ix^toriuers : its services to the
supcrannualed or helpless old labourers of hiscahle; nnd
the splendid success of the undertaking ; that his history
of the perforiiiancos in coiiiinemoration of Handel, pre-
sents a picture so vivid of that superb entertainment,
tli.at those who still live to remember it, must seem to
witness its stu|M?ndous efl'ects anc'W : nnd those of Liter
day.s, who can know of it but by Iraditimi, must bewail
their little chance of ever |MTsonally hearing such ning-
nificent harmony; or beholding a scene so glorious of
royal magnificence and national eiilhnsiasiii.
Dr. Johnson was wont to say, with a candour that,
though admirabh', was irresistibly comic, "I always talk
my best 1" ,and with eipial singleness of truth it might lie
snid of Dr. Huriu y, that, uiulcrtul.e wiiat he would, lie
always did his best^
III wiiling, thcrefiire, this acconnt, he conceived he
should make it more interesting by preceding it with the
.Memoirs of Handel. And lor this purpose, he applied
to all his (Jerinan correspoiidenls, to ae(|iiirc materials
concerning the early life of his hero; and to all to whom
llaiidel had been known, either personally or tradition-
ally, ill England and Ireland, for anecdotes of his cha-
racter and conduct in the British empire. Mrs. Delany
here, and by the desire of the king himsell', supplied sun-
dry particulars ; her hriithir, Mr. (iranville, having bi'eii
one of the patrons of this immorlal cniupiKser.
And ne.tt, to render the work useful, he inscvted n
statement of tin^ cash received in couse(|uenee of the five
musical perlbrmances, with the disbursement of the sums
to their charitable purposes ; and an abstract of the gene-
ral laws and resolutions of the fund for the support of
decayed musicians and their finiilies.
And lastly, he eiiilKllislied it with several plates, rcpre-
senting Handel, or in honour of Hamhl ; and with two
views, from original designs, of the interior of Westmin-
ster Abbey during the eommemoralion; the first rcjiresent-
ing the galleries prepared for the reception of their ma-
jesties, of the royal family, of the directors, arclibislinp.s,
bishops, dean and chapter of W'estminsler, heads of tiie
law, &c. &c.
The second view displaying tho orchestra and perform-
ers, in the eoslunie of the day.
Not small in Ihe scales of justice must lie reckoned
this girt of the liiographicnl and professional talents of
Dr. Ihirncy to the musical fund. A man who held his
eh ilion in his class of life wholly from himself; a fa-
ther of 'ight children, who nil looked up to him us their
prop ; a professor who, at fifty-eight years of age, hi-
honred at his calling with the indefatigable diligence of
youth ; and who had no lime, even for his promised his.
lory, but what he spared from his repasts or his re|iose ;
to moke any olTeriiig gratuitously', of a work which,
though il might have no chance of sale when its eclut of
nov(!lly was passed, must yet, while that short eclat shone
forth, have o sale of hi!rn cninhimcnt ; mnnifesled, per-
linps,ns generous n spirit of charity, and as ardent a love
of Ihe lyre, ns could well, liy a person in so privati' a line
of life, be exhibited.
MRS, TIIIIALK.
About the middle of this year, Mrs. Tliralc put on
end to the alternate lio|«'s and fears of her family and
friends, and to her own torturing conflicts, hy a clinnge
of name thai, for the rest of her life, produced nearly a
change of existence.
Her station in society, her fortune, her distinguished
education, nnd her conscious sense of its distinclion ;
and yet more, her high origin* — a notive honour, which
had always seemed the glory of her self-apprecintion;
oil had conlrilinted to lirt her so eminently above the
willessly iin|s'luous tribe, who immolale fanii', intercfl,
nnd duly, to the shrine of |mssion,thnt the outcry of sur-
prise and censure raiscil thrniighnut the mclrojmlis by
these une\|N'eted nuplinN, wns olinost stunning in its
jarring noise of general reprobation ; resounding through
modrignls, parodies, deelamntinn, epigrams, and irony.
And yet more deeply wounding wns the concentrated
silence of those faithfiii friends wiio, at the period of her
*Hesler l.vncli Sniushury, Mrs. Tlirnle, wan lineolly
deHcenilcd from Adam of Saltsbiilg, who came over to
Lugland with tho coiii|ucror.
bright display of tileiils, virtues, and husiiitality, had
attached thcmsi^cs lo her person witli siiiuerity and
ali'eeliiin.
Dr. Johnson e.vccpled, none anioi.gst the latter were
more painfully impressej than Dr. Iturney ; tor iiono
with more true grief had foreseen the luiscliicf in iU
menace, or dreadid its deteriorating cll'ect on her mater-
nal devoirs. Nevertheless, conscious that if he had no
weight, he had also no right over her actions, he hard-
ened not his heart, when calL'd upon iiy an appeal, from
her own hand, to give her his congratulations ; but, tho
deed once irreversible, civilly addressed himself to lioth
parties at once, with nil of conciliatory kindness in good
wishes ami regard, that did least violence to his senti-
meiits and principles.
I'ar harder was the task of his daughter, on receiving
from the new bride a still more ardent ap|Hal; wrilti-n
at the very instant of iinitting the altar ; she had been
tnisted while the conllict still endured; and her
opinions and feelings had unreservedly been acknow-
ledged ill all their grief of op|iositi<in : and their avowal
bail been bnrni', nay, almost bowed down lo, w ith a
liberality of mind, a snHiie.ss of alVection, n nearly angelic
swetlness of leniper, that won more fondly than ever the
heart that they rived with Jiilying anguish, — till tho
very epoch of the second marriage.
Yet, strange to tell 1 all this contest of opinion, nnd
lis.sonance of lceli'.,|r, seeiiK-d, at Ihe altar, to be suddenly,
hut in totaliiy foi^-otlcu ! and the bride wrote to demand
not alone kind wishes for her peace and welliire — those
lie had no possibility of doubling — hot joy, nibbing joy ;
but cordial felicitations upon her marriage!
These, nnd so abniplly, to have accorded, must, even
in their plciider's eyes, have had the semblance, and
more than the seniblanee, ol' Ihe most glaring hyiwcrisy.
A complianec of such inconsistency — such falsehood —
Ihe memorialist eeuld not liestuw; her answer, thciefore,
written in deep distress, and with regrets unspeakable,
was necessarily clisap|i(iiiiling; ilisappoinlnicnt is inevilu-
bly chilling; and, after a piiiiiliil htler or two, involving
mistake and misapprehension, the correspondence —
lliough not on the tide of the memorialist — abruptly
(Iropt.
JI«. PMF.LT.
Fortunately, also, now. Dr. Burney increased the inli
niaey of his ac(|uaintance with Mr. Smelt, formerly
^■uli-';overnor lo the I'rince of Wales; a man who, for
displaying human excellence in Ihe three essential points
of understanding, character, and conduct, stood upon tho
same line of acknowledged perfection with Mr. Iioeko
of Norhury Park. And had that virtuous ami anxious
parent of his people, ( ieorge III., Known them both at
the critical instant when he was sei king a model of a
true fine genllenian,ror the olliiial situation of preceptor
lo the lii'ir of his sovereignty ; he might have had to
cope with the most surprising of dillicullies, that of seeing
before his choice two men, in neither of whom he could
espy a blemish that could cast a preference upon tho
other.
Tho worth of Iioth these gentlemen was known upon
proof: their talents, nccnmplishmenls, and taste in tho
arts and in literature, were singularly similar. Each
was soil nnd winning of siicccli, but firm nnd intrepid
of conduct; and their mniineis, their refined high breed-
ing, were unrivalled, save each by the other. And while
Ihe same, also, was their reputation for integrity nnd
honour, as fur learning and philosophy, the first: {Mrsonal
delight of both was in the promotion nnd exercise of
those gentle charities of human life, which teach us to
solace and lo aid our relluw-crealurcB.
DR. JOII^SON.
Towards tho cndol'lhis year, 17HI, Dr. Johnson licgan
again lo ncaily monopolise tho anxious filondship of
Dr. Burney.
On Ihu Ifilh of Novninher, Dr. Jolmsnu, in the ear-
rioge, nnd under Ihe revering caie o( .Mr. Wiiidhani, lo-
lurned from Litchfield to the nielro|Kilis n[\er a fruitlnsi
otlempt to lecuver his health by brcalhiiig again Ilia
iialul uir.
'I'lin vory next day, ho wrote the followiii); note lo St.
.Martin's atrect.
"TO nil. Ilt'IlNEV.
"Mr. JohiisoM, v\lio caiiifl home last night, soniN hia
respcicts to dear Dr. Burnoy i nnd lu nil tho dear Bur-
neys, little and gieot.
•'IMt rmiil, lT//t.Ytii>. 1781."'
Dr. Burney hastened tu Ihi^ kind call immediately ;
i
1
., ;^,V^
•I
388
MEMOIRS OF DR. UHRNEV.
':'*■ -I
l|
■•.■•»
but had the grief tu find his honoured friend much weak-
ened, and in great pain ; thon);h checrnd and struggling
to revive. All of the doctor's family who had the
honour of admission, hastened to him nUo; ')Ut chieHy
his Bccond daughter, who chiefly and [icculiarly was
alwnys demanded.
She was received with his wonted, his never failing
inrlialily ; and, as well as the doctor, ri|iealcd her visits
iiy every o|)|)orlunity during the ensuing short three
weeks of his earthly existence.
Slie will here copy, from the diary she sent to Bou-
logne, an account of what, eventually, though unsus-
pecledly, proved to bo lier last interview with this ven-
erated friend.
TO MRS. PIIILI.IP.S.
25fA Nov. ITfl Our dear father lent mo the car-
riage this morning lor Bolt court. You will easily cun-
coivo how gladly I seized the opportunity for making a
longer visit Ih.in usual to my revered Dr. Johnson, whose
licallh, since his return from Litchfield, has been dcplor-
aldy deteriorated.
Mo was alone, and t had a more satisfactory and en-
tertaining cnnversalion with him than I have had for
many months past. He was m better spirits, too, than
I have seen him, except upon our Hrst meeting, since he
came back to Bolt Court.
Ife owned, nevertheless, that his nights were griev-
ously restless and painful; and told me that ho was go-
ing, by medical advice, to try what sleeping out of town
might do for him. And then, with a snille, but a smile
of more sadness than mirth ! — he added: "I remember
tli'tl my wife, when she was near her end, poor woman I
— was also advised to sleep out of town : and when she
was carried to the lodt'ing that had been prepared for
her, she complained that tho staircase was in a very
hao condition; tor the plaster was bcalon olT tho walls
in many places. 'OI' said the man of tho house,
'that's nothing ; it's only the knocks against it of the
coffins of the poor smils that have died in the lodging.'"
He forced a faint laugh at the man's brutal honesty ;
but it was a laugh of ill-disguised, though checked sc-
crca anguiKJi.
I felt inexpressibly shocked, both by the perspective
and rctrosjicctive view of this relation : but, desirous to
confins my words to the literal story, 1 only exclaimed
against tho man's unfeclinir absurdily in making so un-
necessary a confession.
"True !" ho crieil; "such a confession, to a person
then mounting his stairs lor the recovery of her health
— or, talher for the preservation of her life, contains,
indeed, more absurdily than wo can well lay our ac-
count to."
Wo talked then of poor IMrs. Thralo — but only for a
moment — for I saw liiiu so greatly moved, and with
iuch severity of displi'asure, that I haslcnod to start
another subject ; and he solcnmly enjoined me to men-
tion that no more!
I gave him concisely tho history of the Bristol milk-
woman, who is at pri'seot zealously patronised by the
benevolent Hannah .More. I expressed my surprise at
the rc|iorts generally in circulation, that the first authors
that lliH milk. woman read, if not the only ones, wore
Mdton and Young. " I find it diflicult," I added, "to
conceive how .Milton and Young could bo the first au-
thors with any reader, C'ould a child understand them ?
And {^rown persons, who have never read, are, in litera-
ture, children still."
" Doubtless," lie answered. " But there is nothing so
little cbinprolicnded as what is genius. Tlioy give it
to all, when it can lie but a part. Tho milk. woman
had surely liogun with some ballad— Chevy Cliaco or
tho Children in the Wood. Genius is, in fact, knoirhi);
the u$n of lool». But there must he tools, or how use
tlieni ? A man who has spent all his lilb in this room,
will give a very ixwr account of what is contained in
tho next."
"Corlaiiily, sir; and yet there is such a thing as in-
vention / Shakespeare could never have seonaCali.
ban?"
" No, but he had Boen a man, and knew how to vary
him to a monster. A person who would draw a nion-
•trous cow, must know first what a cow is commonly ;
or how can he tell that to give her an ass's head, or an
•loplmiit's tusk, will make her monstrous .' Sup|M)so you
»how m« n man, who is a very oxpcrt carpenter, and
that an admiring atander-by, looking nt some of liis
works, exclaims: '<)! ho was h»n a car|)entorl'
What would have bnroma of that birlhri(lh!j if ho had
never aeon any wtmd '"
Presently, dwelling on this idea, ho went on. " l.ei
two men, one wilh genius, the other with none, look
together nt an overturned wagon ; he who has nogeniur
will think of the wagon only as he then sees 't; that i-
lo say, overturned, and walk on: lie who has genius
will give it a glance of examination, that will paint it to
his imagination such lis it was previously to its being
overturned ; and when it was standing still ; and when
it wiis in motion ; and when it was heavy loaded ; iind
when it was empty; but both alike must see iho wagon
to think of it at all."
The pleasure wilh wliicli Ilislened to his illustration
now animated him on ; and he talked upon this milk-
woman, and upon a onre as Ihinonf shoe-maker; ami
then mounted his spirils and Ills subject to our iminor
tal Shakespeare; flowing anil glowing on, wilhasmnih
wit and Iriilli of criticism and jiKlginent, as ever yet I
have heard him ilisplay ; but, alack-n-day, my Susan, 1
have no power to give you the participation so justly
your due. My paper is filling; and I have no frank.-
for doubling letters across the channel! But delight-
fully bright are liis faculties, though the poor, inhrm.
sl:akcn machine that contains them seems alarmingly
giving way ! And soon, exhilarated as ho beraino by
the pleasure of bestowing pleasure, I saw a palpable in-
crease of sulVering in the midst of his sallies ; I otVered,
therefore, to go into the next room, there to wait for the
carriage ; an offer which, for tho first time ! he did not
oppose ; but taking, and most aft'ectionatcly pressing,
both my hands, " Bo not," he said, in a voice of oven
melting kindness and concern, " be not longer in coinin;;
again lor my letting you go now !"
I eagerly assured liiin that I would come the sooner,
and was running off; but ho called inc back, and in a
soleii;:i voice, and a manner the most energetic, said :
" Remember me in your prayers !"
How art'ecting, my dearest Susanna, such an injunc-
tion from Dr. .lolmson 1 It almost — as once belure —
made mo tienible, from surprise and emotion — surprise
he could so linnuur me, and emotion that ho should
think himself SI) ill. I lunged to ask him so to remem-
ber me .' but he was too serious tiir any parleying, and 1
knew him too well for olleriiig any d'.siiualifying
speeches : I merely, in a low voice, and I am sure a
trouldcd accent, uttered an instant, and bcart-liilt as-
surance of obedience; and then, very heavily, indeed, in
spirits, I left liim. (ireat,good, and surpassing that lie
is, how short a time will he ho our boasl! 1 see ho is
going. Tina winter will never glide him on to a more
genial season here, lilsowhore, who may hope a fairer ?
1 now wish I had asked for /ii.i prayers ! and perhaps,
so encouraged, I ought : but I iiud not tho presoncu ul
mind.
» » « * »
iMelaneholy was Iho rest of this year to Dr. Burney ;
and truly monml'ul to his daughter, who, from this last
recorded meeting, felt niloiibled anxiety both lor the
health and the sight of this illustrious invalid. But nil
accounts thencelbrward discouraged her return to him
his pains daily becoming greater, and his weakness more
oppressive : added to whieh obstacles, he was now, she
was infiirmed, almost constantly attended by a group of
male friends.
Dr. liiirney, however, resorted to BdU Court every
nionient thiit he could tear from the imperious calls ol
his profession; and was instantly ailmitled; unless held
back by insuperable impedimenls belonging to the ma-
lady, lie might, indeed, from the kind regard of tin
suticrer, have seen him every day, by watching like
some other assiduous friends, particularly IMessrs. l.aiig
ton, Siraliaii. the Ilooles, and Sastres, whole hours in
the lioiiso to e.ilcli a tiivoiirable minute ; but that, for
Dr. Burney, was utterly imposMble. His alferlionate
ilcvoirs could only be locoived when he arrived ut soiiit
interval of ease, and then the kind iiivalld constantly,
and with tender pleasure gave him welcome.
The iiiomorialiKt was soon allerwiirds engaged on a
visit to Norbury I'ark; hut immediately on her return
to town, presented herself, accoiding to her willing
promise, at Bolt Court.
Frank Barber, the fiiithful negro, told her, wilh great
sorrow, that his master was very bad indeed, though he
did not keep his bed. 7'iieli'>ur man would have shown
her upstairs. This hIic declined, desiring only that he
would let tlin doctor know that she had called to pa}
her respects to him, but would by no means disturb
him, if he were nut well enough to ace her without in.
convonioncc.
iMr. Straghan, the clergyman, wai witli him, Frank
said alone; and Mr. Straghan, in a few ininuics Z
cenried.
Dr. Johnson, ho told her, was very ill indeed, lint ver
much obliged to her for coming to him ; and lie l \
sent Mr. Straghan to thank her in his name, lnuto.a-
that ho was so very bad, and very weak, that lie Ijo J
she would excuse his not seeing her. '
She was greatly disup|H>inted ; but, leavinga mess,™
of the most aft'ectionate respect, acquiesceil, unj jf,'
awny; painfully certain how extiemely ill, (,r jmiv «,'
lowfully low ho must be, to decline the sight oi on I
whom so constantly, so partially, ho had pressed
adjured, " to come to him again and again."
Fast, however, was approaching the time when ij
could so adjure her no more 1 |
From her firm conviction of his almost boiinilK
iunilncss to her, she was li.'arfiil now to imiHirlunc '
distress him, and fcirborc, for tliu mniiient, repcatiniti''
visits; leaving in Dr. Burney 's hands all proposiiill
liir their renevval. But Dr. Burney himself, not arr.\i
at the propitious interval, untbrtunutely lost 6|j|,|
the sufibrer lor nearly a week, though he souolit
almost daily.
On Friday, the 10th of December, Mr. Seward broui.i,|
to Dr. Burney the alarming intelligence from Fra
Barber, that Dr. Warren had seen his master, and w,
him that he might take what opium ho pleased ioth
alleviation of his pains.
Dr. Johnson instantly understood, and impressiiej
thanked him, and thou gravely took a last leaie
him: after which, with tho utmost kindness, as «
as composure, ho formally bid adieu to all his phvij
cians.
Dr. Burney, in much aflliction, hurried to BoltCourll
but the invalid seemed to be sleeping, and conid notli
spoken to till ho should open his eyes. Mr. StraehiJ
the clergyman, gave however tho welcome inlbrinatii)
that the terror of death had now passed away ; aiidly
this excellent man no longer looked forward u|ilu
may to his quick approaching end; but, on the coil
Irury, with what ho himself called the irradiation '
hope.
'I'liis was, indeed, the greatest of consolnlionp, si J
awful a crisis, to his grieving friend ; neverlliclejs, iJ
Burney was deeply depressed at the heavy and iirtj
rable loss ho was so soon to sustain ; but he ileteniiim
to make, at lensf, one more etlbrt for a parting siirlii ^
his so long honoured friend. And, on .Saturday, the
December, to his unspeakable comfort, ho iirrivcdi
Bolt f'ourt just as the poor invalid was ablo to be visibli
and he was immediately admitted.
Dr. Burney found him seated on a great chair, pn^
up by pillows, and perfectly tranquil, lie allbrlicmalel
look the doctor's hand, and kindly inquired utter li
health, and that of his fiimily ; and then, iis cn-moL
Dr. Johnson was wont to do, lio separately and itl
particularly named and dwelt iipcui tho doctor's ureoJ
daughter; gently adding, " I ho|H; Fanny did nut nil
it amiss, that I did nut see her tiiat morning.'— I itJ
very bad indeed !" 1
Dr. Butney answered, that tho word «mi«» could nc J
ho apropos to her; and least of all now, when lie k|
so ill.
The doctor ventured to slay about half an lioii
which was partly s|ient in quiet discourse, imrllr
calm silence; the invalid uUaya perfectly placij I
looks and manner.
When the doctor was retiring. Dr. Johnson .fil
took his hand and encouraged him to call yet nnoilJ
time: and afterwards, when again lie was d('{iarlii/
Dr. Johnson impressively said, tliough in ii low i
"Tell Fanny— lo piay fiir me!" And then, still I
iiig, or rather grasping, his hand, he made n imyrrll
liiinself, the most pious, Imnible, el(S|uenl, and toiichiit
Dr. Burney said, that mortal man could coni|»i»cii
litter, lie eoncluilud it with an amen! in nliirli I
Hnrney fervently joincil ; and which was s|KinlaiimJ
echoed by all who were present.
This over, he brightened up, as if with rci ivfd »(jiri
and opened cheerfully into some general convrrnln
and when Dr. Burney, yet a third lime, wastaklniflj
reliielant leave, something of hit old arch look |ilii(
upon his eunntonanoo as, aniiliiigly ho said, "H
Fanny— I think I ahall yet throw llio fall at
again!"
A kindnoss so lively, following an injuclinii m ]<ti
Irating, roanimaled a ho)ic of admission in Ik' nirni^
alist; and, after church on the cnsuinf mornil
Sunday, the l:iih of Uecoiiibor, wilh lli« lulliiit m
MEMOIRS or DR. BURNEV.
389
1 a few ininulos, di,. |
cry ill indeed, but vrr, I
f to liiiii; and he lnjl
in his name, limio.jJ
y weak, lliat lie lioj,,)!
Iicr. I
but,lcavinjrnnic«swl
acquiesced, and drr,",!
icinoly ill, ,,r !,„„ ^J
dine till) siirJLt 01 om)
•, he had pressed, imf
and npain," 'I
ing the time wlicn lij
■ liis almost bourn! fsj
now to imimrinnc ,
iniBn.ent, re|icatiiif ||,J
I hanilH nil |ir()|)osiii„J
ley liiniselt; Motarr.iiiijj
rtuiittlcly lost sighi-
;,t hough he souglit |
Jor, Mr. Seward broujhl
itclligeiico from F„|J
len his inastcr, and inJ
piuin ho pleased tor iJ
stood, and im|ircssiielJ
ly took a last leaieo
most kindness, as uk
adieu to all his jihyiil
hit inn
of Ur. Uuriicy, sho repaired oiico nioro to Hull
Rt of consolalinnp, all
riend ; nevurtlicless, It]
t tho heavy and itri
lain ; hut he dotcniii!
rt for n parliiig nigM J
d, on Saturday, the 111]
coinlurt, he arrived t
id was ablo to be mm
ed.
on a great chair, pro
quil. Ilo alVoclioniifl
ndly inquired after I
; and then, as rvcrmt^
ho scpuraloly and '
I poll tho dodor'nsrojiJ
"lie Fanny did nui Di
that morning'— I itl
3 wordumiioroulilii
all now, when lie »|
r nil iiijuctinn m ftt
liniflsion in llii' memf
he ciiHuinn mornil
with the lullol ini
Uiil pricvously was t^lie overset on hearing, at tho
iJwr, Ibii' "'* liuctor again was worse, and could receive
1 00 one.
jilie summoned ri-ank Darbcr, and told htm she had
I ggilerstuod, from hor father, that Dr. Johnson had iiionni
jseelK?'' Frank then, but in siloiiRC, conducted her
1 10 the parlour. She begged him iiicruly to mention to
l>t' doctor, that she had called with nia!<t cainosl en-
c3ini's< but not to hint at any o.Y|)cctntioii of seeing
llini till he should be bettor.
frank went up stairs ; but did not return. A full
I iijiir was cuMsuincd in anxious waiting. She then saw
tir.l.angloii pass the parlour door, which she watchfully
I trot o|>eii, and ascend the stairs. She had not courage
losto|i or speak to him, and another hour lingered on in
I the rainc siis|ionse.
lint, at about four o'clock, Mr. Langton made his up-
I prance in the parlour.
.She took it tor granted he came accidentally, but ob-
■fried that, thougli liu bowed, he iurborc to speak ; or
(ttn to look at her, and seemed in much disturbance.
K.ttr«iiicly alarmed, she durst not venture at any
Iqiieiiioii; but Mrs. Uavia, who was there, uneasily
iskcd, " How is Ur. Johnson now, sir ?"
"(loing on to death very fast!" was tho mournful
I fpl'-
The memorialist, grievously shocked and overset by
n Iio{h:Io.ss a sentence, after an invitation so sprightly
ol'oiilv ''>" preceding evening from the dying man him.
«\(, turned to tho window to recover from so painful a
i!is.i|i|H)intinent.
"11.18 ho taken any thing, sir?" said Mrs. U.ivis.
"Xotliiiig at all ! Wo eariicd him soiiin bread and
I Dilli; he refused it, and said, ' The loss the better!' "
Mrs. Davis then asked sundry other questions, from
I lire uiswcrs to which it fully appeared that his fucul-
(ioverc perfect, and that his mind was quito composed.
This conversation lasted about a quarter of an hour,
I Itt'ore tlic nicmoriulist had any suspicion that Mr. Lang-
loi had entered the parlour purposely to speak to Iter,
I inJwilh a message from Dr. Johnson :
But as soon as sho could summon sufficient firmness
loinrn round, Mr. Langton solemnly said, " This (loor
nun 1 understand, ma'am, from Frank, dosircd ycstcr-
I day lo «ca you."
"My understanding, or hoping tliat, sir, brought mo
liier to day."
"I'oor man! 'tis a pity he did not know himself
I ttllcrj and that you should lint havu been spared this
I Irouble."
"Trouble?" she repeated: "I would come an hun-
I M limes tu soo Dr. Johnson the hundredth and
"He bogged me, ma'am, to tell you that he hopes you
I rill excuse him. He is very sorry, indeed, not to'seu
Tcu. Dnt ho desired me to como and speak to you
Mhirn myself, and to tell you that he hopes you will
ticusc liiiri ; tor ho feels himself too weak fur such an
1 inlprviow."
Strutk and touched to tho very heart by so kind,
I llioii;'li sorrowful a message, at a moniont that seemed
niwl'ul, the inHinoriulist hastily expressed something
like thanks lo Mr. Laiigtun, who was visibly aliected,
mil, leaving her most uttbctionate respects, with every
•irmly kind wish she could half utter, she hurried back
loliT lather's coach.
Tho very next day, .Monday, the 13th of December.
Dr.Jubnsim expired — and without a groan. Expired,
il in thought, in his sleep.
Ho was buried in Westminster Abbey ; and u noble,
ilmnst collussul statue of him, in the high and cimstc
lorkninnship of Uacon, has been erected in St. TaulV
I'jlheiiral.
The pall bearers were Mr. Burko, Mr. Windham, Sir
Jixe|ih iliinks, Mr. C'ulman, Sir Charles Uunhury, and
Mr. harrgton.
Dr. Uurney, with nil who wore in I.onilnn of the lite-
Nry club, attended the funeral. The Hoveroiiil Di.
faurlei Uurney also joined the procession,
1785.
Tlii« year, happily for Dr. nurnoy, reopened with a
WW jirufi'ssmnal intorcsl, that noecssurily called him
from tlig tributary sorrow with wliloli the year 1794 hud
tinted.
Theenpravingi (br the commemnratlon of llaiidel
»•« now finished; and « splendid nopv of the work
»«• prepared for tho king. Lord Sandwich, as one ol
twetiiffdiroitorsof the Tate festival, obligingly offitrod
his services liir taking the doctor under his wing lo pre-
sent the lioiik at the levee; hut his innjusty giivc Dr.
liiimey lo uiiuerstaiid, through Mr. Mieolai, that he
would reciivo il, at n piivato uudicnec, in his library.
This was an honour most gratifying to Dr. Uurney,
who II lunii'd Iroi.i his interview al the palace, in an eleva-
tion of pbasure that he comniunicateil to his family, with
the social eontidcnce that made the charm of his domes-
tie character,
IIOirSG-IIIIEAKINti.
In this same spring, a very serious inisfiirtune iH'fel
Dr. Hiiriuy, which, though not of the ufVecting east that
had lately tainted liis happiness, severely attacked his
worldly comforts.
lOarly one morning, and before he was risen, Mrs.
l.'urney's maid, rushing veliemcntly into the iM'd-room,
screamed out : " O, sir ! robbers ! robbers ! the house is
broke open !"
A wrapping gown and slipiirrs brought the doctor
downstairs in n inoinent; when he found that the lui-
reaii of .Mrs. Diirney, in the dining parlour, had been
forced o|M'n ; and .^aw upon the lalilc three packets of
niingU'd golil and silver, which seemed to have been put
into three divisions for a triple booty ; but which were
let\, it was supposed, u|>oii sonic sudden alarm, while the
loblx-rs were in the act of distribution.
After securing and rejoicing in what so fortunately had
been saved from seizure. Dr. lliirney repaired to his study ;
but no abandoned pilluge met his gralulations there ! his
own bureau had been visited with erpial rapacity, though
letV with less precipitancy ; and he soon discovered that
III! had liten prrloined of upwards of .Ollfl.
He sent instuiitly for an officer of the police, who un-
hesitatingly proiioiineed that the leader, at least, of the
burglary, must have been a former domcKtic ; this was
decided, from remarking that he had gone straight for-
ward lo the two bureaus, which were the only deposito-
ries of money ; while sundry cabinets and coinmodcs, to
the right and to the \vl\, had been passed unransackcd.
The entrance into the bouse had been eflectcd through
the area ; and a kitchen window was still o|icn, at the
foot of which, u]ion the sand on the floor, the print of a
man's shoe was so (icrfecl, that the |K>lice-otticer drew its
circumference with great exactitude j picking up, at the
same time, a button that had liccn squeezed off from a
coal, by the fbrced passage.
Dr. Uurney had recently ))arted with a man servant of
whom he had niueli reason to think ill, though none had
occurred to make him lielicved a house-brealier. This
man was iniinediately enquired for ; but he had quitted
the lodgings to which he had relind upon losing his place ;
and had neqiiaintcd no one whither he was gone.
The oHicers of the police, however, with their usual
ferreting routine of dexterity, soon traced the suspected
runaway to Hastings ; where lie had orrived to embark
in a Ashing vessel for France ; hut he had found none
ready, and was waiting for a fair wind.
When the police oHicer, having intimation that he was
gone to an inn (or some refreshment, entered the kitchen
where he was taking some bread and cheese, he got up
so sillily, while the oflieer. not to niarm him, had turned
round lo give some direelioiis to a waiter, that he slid iin-
heard out of the kitchen by an opimsite door : and, quickly
as the ollicer missed him, he was sought for in vain ; not
a trace of his fimtsteps was to he seen ; though the inward
guilt inanifeslfd liy such an ev.ision redoubled tho vigil-
ance of pursuit.
The fugitive was soon, however, discerned, on the top
of a high brick wall, running along its edge in the
midst of the most frightful danger, with a courage that,
in any belter cause, would huvo iKcn worthy of admira-
tion.
The pnlireman, now, composedly left him to his race
and his deleal ; satisfied that no asylum awaited him at
the end of the wall, and that he nnist thence drop, with-
out fiirlber resistance, info captivity.
Cruel for Dr. Uurney is what remains of this narration:
the runaway was seiii'd, and brought to tho public office,
where a true bill was found for his trial, as he could give
no reason for his flight; and an the button picked up in
the area exactly suited a wanting one in a coat discovered
to he ill his |ios«ession. His shoo, also, precisely fitteil
the drawing on the kitchen floor. Hut though this cir-
cumstantial evidence was so strong as to bring to all the
magistrates a coiivietioii of his guilt that they scrupled
not to avow, it was only circumstantial ; it was not posi-
live. He had taken nothing hut cash ; a single bank note
might have been brought home to him with proof; hut
lo coin, who could swear ? The magistrates, therefore,
were lompolled In discharge, though they would not »t.
ter the word acquit, the prisoner ; and the doctor liad tho
morlilicaliiin to witness in the court the repayment of
upwards of liOy guineas to the liliui, tl' it had bien found
upon him ,it Hastings. 'I'hc rest of the three hundred
pounds must have lieen seemed by the accomplices ; or
buried in some place of eoiicealment.
Hut Dr. Itiiriiey, however ag"irrieved and injured by
this affair, was always loreniost to Kiibscrilie to the lilicral
maxim of the law, that it is Is'tter to acquit ten criminals,
than to condemn one iimoeent man. lie resigned him-
self, therefore, submissively, however little pleased, to tho
laws of his noble country, ever ready to consider, like
I'ojii',
" All partial evil, universal good."
» « » • »
Would it he just, could it be right, to leave unqualifled
to the grief of his friends, and to the rage of the mur-
murers against destiny, a blight sneli as this to the in-
dustry and the welfare of Dr. llurncy ; and not seek to
sofleii the concern of the kind, and not aim at mitigating
the asperity of the dcclaimers, by opening a fairer point
of view for the termination of this event, if fact and liiir
reality can supply colours for so revivifying a change of
scenery /
Surely such a retention, if not exacted by discretion or
delicacy, would be graceless. A secret, therefore, of more
than forty-seven years' standing, and known at this mo-
ment to no living licing but this memorialist, ought now,
ill honour, in justice, and in gratitude, lo be laid o]ien tu
the surviving friends of Dr. Ihirney.
Aliout a inontli atlcr this treaelierous depredation had
filled the doctor and his house with dismay, a lady of
high rank, fortune, and independence, well known in the
fiimily, inysteriously summoned this memorialist to a
private room, for a telf-ii-le'r, in St. Martin's street.
As soon as they were alone, she scrutinizingly exa-
mined that no one was within hearing on the other side of
cither of the doors leading into the apartment; and then
solemnly said that she came to demand a little secret
service.
The memorialist protested herself most ready to meet
her request; but that was insufficient: the lady insisted
upon a formal and {lositive promise, that what she should
ask should be done; yet that her iiaiiic in the Iransuelion
should never be divulged.
There sceimd soimtliing so little reasonable in a de-
sire fur so unqualified an engagement u|hiii a sutijcet
unknown, that tlie memorialist, disturbed, hesitated and
hung liack.
The lady was palpably hurt ; and, dropping a low
courtesy, with a supercilious half smile, and a brief, but
civil, " Ciood morrow, ma'am I" was proudly stalking out
of the room ; when, shocked to ofl'cnd her, the memorial-
ist besought her patience ; and then frankly asked, how
she could promise what she was in Uio dark whether sho
could perform ?
The lady, unbending her furrowed brow, replied, " I'll
till you how, ma'am : you must either say, I believe you
to be an honest woman, and I'll trust you ; or, I believo
you to ho no iH'lter than you should be, and I'll have no-
thing to do with you."
An iilternutivc such as this could hardly be called an
nlternutive : the promise was given.
The smile now of pleasure, almost of triumph, that
succeeded lo that of satire, which liad almost amounted
to scorn, nearly recompensed the hazarded trust ; which,
stHin aflcrwards, was oven more than repaid by the sin.
cercst admiration.
The lady, taking a thick lefter-caFC from a capacious
and well-furnished part of the female habiliment of other
days, yclept a pocket, proilueed a small parcel, and said,
" Do me the favour, ma'am, to slip this trifle into the
doctor's bureau the first time you see him oiien it ; ard
just say, ' Sir, this is bank notes for three hundred pounds,
instead of what that rogue robbed yon of. Hut you must
ask no questions ; and you must not stare, sir, for it's
from a friend that will never be known. So don't be over
curious; for it's a friend who will never take it back, if
you fVct yourself to the bone. So please, sir, to do what
you please with it. Kilhcr use it, or put il behind the fire,
whichever you think the most sensibh'.' And then, if ho
should say, ' Pray, miss, who gave you that iin|H'rtiiient
message i'or me?' you will get into no jeoporriy, for you
can answer tliiit you are hound head and foot to hold your
tongue ; and then, being n man of honour, he will hold
Ills. Don't you think so, ma'am 7"
The memorialist, heartily laughing, but in great pcr-
tiirhntinn lest the doctor should be hurt or displeased,
would fain have rcaiitcd this commission ; but the lady,
peremptorily saying a promise was a promise, which tiq
" ■ f • ■' •'~'u
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390
MEMJiKS Ol' l)K. Utlir.KY.
'^
j,v;.,
IH'isoii under a vagHboiul, but iiiort' csiici iaily a person
of honour, writing book:!, could brtuk, would listvu to no
aji|>oal.
Slic had been, slic protested, on the point of nnn com-
pos ever since tliut rojfue liad plnjed tiie doctor sucli n
knavish trick, ns pickinj; liis bureau to get at his chkIi;
ill thinking how niueli richer nUc, wiiu had neither eliihi
nor chick, nor any particular great talents, wan than she
uujrlit to t>c ; while a man who was so nuieh a frn^kter
scholar, and with such a fry of youiifj ones at his heel.-,
nil of them such a set ol" geniuses, was suddenly made so
nnicli poorer, for no oll'ence, only that rogue's knavishncss.
And she could not get back into iier right senses uiwn
tile accident, she said, till she had hit upon this scheme:
for knowing Dr. Ilnriuy to be a very punctilious man,
like most ot' tlie book-writers, wlio wire ■;l\vays rather
odd, she was aware she could nut make iiiin accept such
a thing in a quiet way, however it might be his due in
conscience ; only by some cunning device that he could
not get tlic lictter oil
Kxjiostulation was vain; and theniLt.cr was arranged
exactly according to her injunctions.
L'ltiinilcly, however, when the deed was so confirnied
as to be irrevucable, the memorialist obtained her leave to
make known its aatlior; though under the most absolute
charge of secrecy for all around ; which was strictly ob-
Kcrved ; notwitlistandiiig all the resistance of the aston.
islied doctor, whom she tbrbade ever to name it, either to
hcrsclt', she said, or Co., under pain of never speaking to
him again.
All |K'culiar obstacles, however, having now passed
away, justice seems to demand the recital of this extra-
ordinary little anecdote in tho history of Dr. Durney.
Those who still remember a daughter of the Earl of
Thanel, who was widow of Sir William Duncan, will
recognise, without dillieulty, in this narration, the gene-
rosity, spirit, and good humour, with the uncultivated,
ungrammaticul, and incoherent dialect, and the comie,
but arbitrary manner, of the indeseiibably diverting and
grotcsiinc, though munilicenl and nobly liberal. Lady
Alary Duncan.
Bins. VF.si:v.
The singular, and, in another way, cijunlly quaint and
original, as well as truly Irish, Mrs. Vcsey, no sooner
heard of Dr. Ihirnty's mistbrtiine, than she sent for an
ingenious carpenter, to whom she communicated a de.
Fire to have a private drawer constructed in a private
npartincnt, for the eoncealnicnt and preservation of her
cash from any Irauthilent servant.
Accordingly, within the wainscot of her dressing room,
Ihis was cireclcd ; and, when done, she rang tor her prin-
cipal domestics; and, allcr rccoiinling to them the great
evil that had hap|Miied to jMrnr Dr. Uurncy ; and bemoan-
ing that lie had not taken a similar precaution, she
charged them, in a low voce, never to touch such a part
of the wall, le^t they sliould press U|>oii the spring of the
private drawer, in which she was going to hide her gold
and bank notes.
M.\n.VME UK OKNLtS.
In the summer of this year, 17''.'i, came over from
France the celebrated comtesse de (Jenlis. Dr. nurney
and his second daughter were almost immediately invited,
at the express desire of the Countess, to meet, and pass
a day with her, at the house of Sir Joshua Reynolds.
His niece. Miss Palmer, Sir Abraham and Lady Hume,
Lord Palmcrston, and some others, were of the party.
Madame de (lenlis must thin have been about thirty,
five years of age ; but the whole of her appearance was
nearly ten years younger. Her face, without imsilivc
beauty, had the most winning agrceabilily ; her figure
was remarkably elegant, her attire was<-liastcly simple :
her air was reserved, and her dumcanour was dignified.
Her language had the same flowing perspicuity, and ani-
mated variety, by which it is marked in the best of her
works ; and her discourse was full of intelligcnee, yet
wholly free from presumption or obtrusion. Dr. nurney
was forcibly struck with her, and his daughter was en-
chanted.
Almost 08 numcrouH as her works, and alinnst rr di-
Tcriiified, were tho characters Which had preceded this
celebrated lady to England. None, however, of the ca-
hnnnioun sort had reached the curs of the doctor pre-
viously to this tneeting; and though some had buzzed
aliout these of the memorialist, they were vague ; and
she had willingly, from the charm of such su|H<rior ta-
lents, believed them unfounded j even before the witchery
of pcrional partiality drove them wholly from the field :
ibr from bor sight, lior luanncm, and her conversation,
nut an idea could clieitt hat was not instinctively in her
liivoiir.
Unconstrained, tliercfore, was the impulsive regard
with which this illustrious Ibrcigncr inspired both; and
which, gently, but pointedly, it was her evident aim to
increase. She made a visit the next day to the nivmo-
rialist, whose society she sought w itli a flattering earnest-
ness and a spirited grace that, coupled witli her rare at-
tractions, made a straight Ibrward and most animating
conquest of her cliarmeil votary.
lAladamc deCIenlis had already been at Windsor, where,
through the inediuni of .Madame de la File, she had been
honoured with a private audience of the queen : and the
energetic respect with which she spoke of her majesty,
was one of tiie strongest incentives to the loyul heart of
Dr. liuriicy lor encouraging this rising conneclion.
.Madame de Geiilis liad presented, she si.id, to the
(lucen the sacred dramas which she had dedicated to her
.Serene Highness the Duchess of Orleans ; adding, that
slic had brought over only two copies ol" that work, of
which the second was deslini^d Ibr MaJemuisttle Burney!
to whom, with u billet of elegance nearly heightened into
expressions of friendship, it was shortly conveyed.
The memorialist was at a loss how to make acknow-
ledgments lor this obliging oti'ering, as she would have
lield any return in kind to savour ratlier of vanity than
of gratitude. Dr. Ijurney, however, relieved her embar-
rassment, by |X'rniitting lier to be the bearer of his own
History of Music, as far as it had then been published.
This .Madame de (Jenlis received with infinite grace and
pleasure ; Ibr while capable of treating luminously almost
every subject that occurred, she had un uir, a. look, a
smile, that gave consequence, transiently, to every thing
she said or did.
.She had then by her side, and fondly under her wing,
a little girl whom she called Pamela," who was most at-
tractively lovely, and w hom she had imbued with a spe-
cies of enthusiasm lor the memorialist, so potent and so
eccentric, that when, during the visit ut Sir Joshua Key-
Holds', -Madame de CJenlis said, " i'uiiielu, luilt) Mudiiiwi.
Sflle Itiiiiiri/ !" the animated little person rushed hastily
forward, and prostrated herself upon one knee belbre the
astonished, almost confuuuded object of her notice ; who,
though covered with a cont'usiun half distressing, huh'
ridiculous, observed in every motion and attitude of tlic
really eiiciianting little creature, a iiieturcsquc beauty of
etl'ect, and a magic allurement in her fine east up eyes,
that she could not bui wish to bee jierpctuated by Sir
Joshua.
On the day that Dr. Uurncy lell his card in Portland-
place, for a parting visit to .Madame de Cicnlis, previously
to her (juitting London, he lell there, akso, the memorial-
ist ; who, by appointment, was to [Kiss tlie morning with
that lady. This same witching little Inuig was tJien capi-
tally aiding and abetting in a preconcerted manouuvrc,
with which .Madame de Ceiilis not a Uttle surprised her
guest. This was by detaining her, through a thousand
varying contrivunccs, all tbr a while misuspcctcd, in a
particular (msition; while a |>aintcr, whom .Madame de
Cciilis mentioned us Uing willi her by chance, and who
appeared to be amusing himself with sketching some
liuicics of his own, was clandestinely taking a portrait
of the visiter.
However flattered by the desire of it* possession in so
cell brated a personage, that \isiter had already, and de-
eideilly, refused sitting for it, not alone" to Muduine de
(ienlis, hut to varimts other kind demanders, I'rom a
rooted dislike of being exhibited. And when she dis-
covered what was going t'orwurd, much vexed and discon-
certed, she w ould liave quilted her seat, and Hed the pre.
iniscs : but the adroit little charmer had again recourse
to her gracef"ul prostration ; and, again easting up her
beautifully picturesque eyes, pleaded the cause and wishes
of Aladamc du (ieiilis, whom she called Mainan, with
an clo(|uence and a pathos so singular and so captivating,
that the raeninrialist, though she would not sit quietly
still, nor voluntarily favour the |iaiiiter's artifice, could
only have put in practice a iH'reniptory and determined
fiight, by trampling upon the urgent, clinging, iniiKis-
sioncd little suppliant.
This was the last day's intercourse of Madame do (Jen-
lis with Dr. iiiirncy and the mcinoriulist. Circumstan-
ces, snon afterwards, suddenly parted them; and circum-
stances never again brought tlicm togclliur.
MKS. DRLAMY.
I'he society which assembled at that lady's mansion
was elegant and high bred, yet entertaining und diversi-
fied. As Mrs. Delany chose to sustain her own liousc,
* Afterwards Lady Edward Fitxgerald.
that she might associate u itiiout constraint with lur own I
I'aniily, the generous Diiehets of Portl.nd would i nil
make a point of persuading her to sojourn iil \Vliiu||.|>.
preferring the sacrifice of her own ease and coiiilijii :, I
quitting tliut noble residence nearly every cveiiiu» i I
lessening those of her tenderly loved conipuiiiuii,
Uut a lamented, though not |H<rsonal or fuinilv evini I
which occurred at the < iid of this summer, niUKt'lidc l' I
recorded, with some detail of circumstance; as itiiriA.,;
in its consequences, by no means uniniirartant ((, n ' I
history of Dr. liurney. [
'I'lic venerable .Mrs. Delany woe suddenly bereft of ilf
right noble fiiend who was the delight of her life t|
Duchess Dowager of Portland. That liuiiound aid I
honourable lady had iiuitted town for her dowry inniiMcn I
of liulstrcde Park. 'I'hither she hud just most courtidUilr I
invited this memorialist: who hud spent with her mi'e I
and lierbelovid l"rieii(!, at the fine dwelling of the (i,iu,\
lit Whitehall, nearly the last evening of their s<ij:,urn in I
town, to arrange this intended summer junclioii. \|
letter of Mrs. Delany's dictatiiui had afterwords I'ollomii I
to St AInrtin's street, fixing a day on which a carriogt f
consigned by her grace to Mrs. Deluny's fer\i(c, ujj j
to fetch the new visiter. But, on the succeeding iiiotn.
iiig, a fur ditl'erent epistle, written by the anianudisisofl
Mrs. Delany, brought the mournful countcr-tidiiigs oil
the seizure, illness, and decease, of the valuable, gcnirous I
and charming mistress of Bulstrode Park. I
.Mrs. Uclaiiy, as soon as possible, was removed kacii to I
St. James' Place ; in a grief touchingly profound, tliough
resigned.
'Ihis was a loss for which, as Mrs. Delany wos fiftion |
years the scnii.r, no human calenlaticm had prppard;
and what ntlier bus the human mathcinatieiun? IKr con. L
dilion in life, therefore, as well us her heart, was ossailni |
by this privation ; and however inferior to the latter wjj |
the former consideration, the conflict of afilitlid fed [
ings with discomfited afTuirs, could not but be doubly |
oppressive: for though from the duchess no pecuniary |
loan was ncccpted by Mrs. Delany, unnumbered wore |
the little auxiliaries to domestic economy which Lei |
grace Ibuiid means to convey to St. James' Place. I
But now, even the house in that place, thougli already I
sniiill for the splendid persons who frequently sought j
there to pay tiieir rcsjiccts to the duchess, as well as lo I
.Mrs. Delany, Ik-cuiiio too expensive for her menus ofl
supporting its establishment. f
The friendship of the high-minded duchess for Mr;. |
Delany had been an honour to herself and to her scs, in I
its relincment us well us in its liberality. Her supcrioi [
rank she held as a bauble, her superior weultli as dross, I
save as they might be made subservient towards equal. |
ising in condition the chosen companion, wilJi whom in |
aA"i'etion all was alreuely parallel. I
l'|ion first receiving the melancholy intclliprnrc of the |
hroken-up meeting at Itulstrodc Park, Dr. Uurncy had |
taken his much-j^rieved daughter with him toi'hcsiiiglon, |
where, with all its bereavements, he repaired, to go on |
with his history ; hut, with a kindness which always W |
him to participate in the calls of affection, he no foontr |
learned that her presence would be acceptable to Jin, |
Delany, than he spurcil his anninuonsis from his side and |
his work, ond instantly lent her his carriage toconreyl
her back to town, and to the house of that atllicted ladv; I
whose tenderly open-armed, though tearful reception, I
was as gratifying to the feelings of her decply-attoched I
guest, as the grief that she wilnes.'^ed was saddening. |
The doctor permitted her now to take up her abode in
this house of mourning ; where she had the he'artlill
satisfaction to find herself not only soothing to the ao- 1
mirahle friend, by whom so late in life, but so warmly I
in lovi', she hud be'cn taken to tho bosom ; but cmpoteerni I
to relieve some of her cares by InMiig intrusted to otei-
look, examine, and read to her letters and niainiecripln ol i
every description ; and to select, destroy, or nrronge tho
hing-hoarded mass. She evi n begun revising and con-
tinning a manuscript memoir of the early days of Mrs. I
Delany ; but, as it could be proceeded with only in
moments of unbroken ttte-<).lrle, it never was finislicd.
Meanwhile, when the tidings of the death of th« I
Duchess Dowager of Portland renrhed their niaJMtie»,
their first thought, allcr their immediate giief at htr
departure-, was of Mrs. Delany; and when tlicy found
that the- duchess, fi-oiii « nsturnl exixictstion ni" bcin;
herself the longest liver, had taken no measures tonoflen
ofl* tho worldly pari, at le-ast, of tliis separation, flic kin;,
with most benevolent niunifieence, resolved to supply the
deficiency which a failure of furosight oionc, l.o wu
sure, had occasioned in a friend of such anxious fondnnS'
He completely, therefore, ond even minutely fitlcil upfof
Mrs. Delany a houao at Windsor, ncor the cwtlcj mil
xn
In a week or t
the was surprise
I ludilcn, unannoui
nijji'sty, one cvci
Delmy ; where,
hi< unlooked-for n
tided, t'rom the s
• benevolence of hi
of his discourse.
nmoflie;art was
where dignity of
niiay minutes li
Mlisfaetion not oi
fiiourcd triciid f
them to be supp
mild yet lively g
Into Conversation
Tlic queen, a
iliuoit as little p
he liad not anno
chairman's knoci
ofher approach ;
ijiiile alone, had o:
bly showing a coi:
panic in tlio nc
repeatedly had
these' iirccuiilions
To ilcseri'io v
would be to [lortr
■piril, ciiilKHlicd
■overeii.'iia, while
upon their voner
display tlic most
visiter ; the whoh
of their dineonrii
if triccahlc, the
MKMoins or DK. nirn\i;Y.
391
iiistruiut with liir ow„ I
r P<irtl..ml wcuW |„„
fojuuin i.t Wliiiii,;,!;
1 case and coinfuti, n, I
rly every cvniinj, ,„
ed coiii|iaijiuii.
Koiial or liuiiilv evcm I
summer, inubl'liut u' I
instance; asitptM,,.' I
18 uniiniTOitaiit ig n.j I
suddenly bereft of i), I
k'liylit uf litrlilV.ii,,
'I'liat liuiiourid ni I
or lier clowry inaii>iiii
I ju»tmosleuurliiiu«lv|
1 spent with l.cr fr,,,;
dwelling of the lWn,fr I
ng of their s..j:,urn i
summer junnion. .\ I
ad afterwards Mlovili \
• on which a carriage,
Delany's fer\icc, ujj j
the succeeding morn.
by the ainaniieusisoi'l
ful countcr.lidings oif
the valuable, Kcnirou«
le Park.
, was removed back to |
ngly profound, tliough
Ts. Dclany was filVtn |
iluticm had prcpand:
hcmatieian? Her con.
Iier heart, was assaiwl
Perior to the luttir wu
iiflict of aHlieled fifl.
lid not hut be doubl; I
duchess no pecuniarvl
ny, unnumbered wire
economy which Lti |
. James' Place.
place, though already I
»lio frequently souglill
duchess, as well as lo I
ivc for her ineaiis cfl
ded duchess for Mrs. |
ell" and to hir fcx, ii
lity. Her superior I
ior wealth as dross, I
ient towards equal. [
,)anion, willi whom in I
ily intcllipenee of the I
rk, Ur. BurncyliadI
him tot'hcsiiiglon, I
repaired, to go on I
s which alwavs led [
eetion, he no foontr |
acceptable to }\n. I
is from his side and [
carriage to eonnj I
nfthat atllicted hdv;
?li
tearful reception, I
hor dceply.attached I
d was saddening. [
take up her abode in
had the heart/ill
soothing to the ao.
life, hut so warmly I
som ; but cinpowerfd I
rig intrusted to otcr-
and niomiscriptii ol
troy, or arrange the I
an revising and con.
early days of Mrs. I
edcd with only in I
never was finished.
the death of IM |
lied their majesties,
lediatn giief at litr I
1 when tliey found
I)cctation of bcin;
o measures to sofleu
paration, the kin;,
solved to supply llw
ight alone, l.a tu
en anxious fondDcii.
inutoly fitted up ior
r tlic caatlc; mil
ftViti a per . ii of tlireo hundred pounds a-year u|>on
l^j I'ur life; to enablu her to still keep her house in
Ijnii, that she iniglit repair thither every winter, lor llie
pj,.i..iurc of enjoying the society of her old friends.
TliB grateful heart of Mrs. Uelany overllowed at her
jjB at marks so attentive, as well on beneticent, of
kindness and goo(hie8s in her sovereigns ; for well she
,;.:i convir.ceil that the queen hsd a mentul share and
uitlui-nce 111 these royal oH'erings.
I'o Windsor, thus invited, Mrs. Delany now went;
ind this niciiiorialist, lightened of a thousand apprelien-
sioiis by this cheer to the feelings of her honoured
I'riiiiili returned to Ur. Burney, in Surrey. A letter
fk'cdily followed her, with an account that the good
t'in;T liiinsell', having issued orders to he apprised when
\|rs Uc'hiny entered the town of Windsor, had rc|iaired
10 lier newly allotted house, there, in [icrson, to give her
mlcoinc. Overcome by such condescension, sjie Hung
U.'.<t'ir>ipon her knees before him, to express a sense ol'
|jj oraeionsness fur which she could lind no words.
Tiii'ir majesties almost immediately visited her in
perso'i ; an honour which they frequently repeated : and
|iiov cuiidescendiiigly sent to her, dllernately, all their
r,nal daughters. And, as soon as she was recovered
friui lirr fatigues, tlicy invited her to their evening con.
trru at the Upper Lodge, in which, at that lime, they
sijourned.
fhe time is now come to open u|ion the circumstances
nhloli will lead, ere long, to the cause of u seeming
eiijodc: in these memoirs.
Ur. llnrney was soon informed that the queen had
(!ei''iird to inquire of Mrs. Uelany, why she hud not
liriiu'lit her friend, Mi.ss Burney, to her new home '. an
cni|iiiry that was instantly Ibllowed by an invitation that
histent'd, of course, the [lerson in question to St. Alban's
slrat, Windsor.
Here she found her venerable friend in the full solace
of as much contentment as her recent severe (icrsonal
m, and her advanced (icriod of life, could well admit.
And, oik'iitiincs, far nearer to mortal happiness is such
(ouli-'ntniunt in the aged, than is suspected, or believed,
br assuming and prcsuniing youth; who frequently
tike upon trust — or upon poetry — their capability of
superior enjoyment for its possession. She was licnoured
br ail who approached her ; she was loved by all with
iliom she associated. Her very dependence was made
indi'iK-ndcnl by the delicacy with which it lelV her com.
piclely mistress of her actions ami her abode, lier
sovereigns unbent from their state to liestow ujion I
prafioiisness and favour : and the youthful object of liir
diiresl atlections, .Miss Port, was lostcred, with their full
pcriuission, under her wing.
THE KING AND QUKEN.
In a week or two after the arrival of the new visitant,
ihc was surprised into the presence of the king, by a
sudden, unannounced, and unexpected entrance of his
nulc'sty, one evening, into the drawing-room of Mrs.
Di'liny ; where, however, tlio confusion occasioned by
hii aulooked-for appearance speedily, nay, blithely, sub-
sided, from the suavity of his manners, the impressive
bcnovoloiice of his countenance, end the cheering gaiety
of his discour.ic. Fear could no more exist where i^ood-
nc«s of heart was so predoininanl, tlian res|)cet could (Itil
srhcrc dignity of rank was so pre-eminent : and, en
niiny minutes had elapsed, Mrs. Delany had the sol)
salisfaution not only of seeing the first trcmours of her
fivourcd friend pass insensibly away, hut of observing
ihcui to ho supplanted by ease, nny, delight, from the
mild yet lively graciousncss with which alio was drawn
into cunvcrsation by his majesty.
The queen, a few days later, made an entry with
■Imost as little preparation i save that the king, though
he had not announced, had preceded her ; and that the
chairman's knock at the (luor had excited some suspicion
of her approach ; white thu king, who came on foot, and
(|ulle alone, had only rung at thu bell ; each of them palpa-
bly showing a condescending intention to avoid creating a
panic in tlio now guest ; as well as to obviate, what
repeatedly had hap|icned when they arrived witjiout
tlies>' precautions, a timid aaca|ic.
To dcsrrilio what the queen won in this interview,
Hfoiilil be to imrtray grace, sprightliness, sweetness, and
spirit, embodied in one frame. And each of Iheae
sovereigns, while bestowing all their decided attentions
upon their vonerablo and admirable hostess, deigned to
display tlic most favourable dispoiition towards her new
visiter; the whole of their manner, and the whole tenonr
of their diseourio denoting a curinua desire to develope,
it' triccihic, the poculiuritioi which had impelled that
small [lerson, almost whether alio would or not, into pub-
lic iKitiee.
The pleasure with which Dr. Burney received the
details now Iransniiltcd to him, of the favour with which
his daughter was received at Windsor, made a marked
lieriml of parental satisfaction in his lil'e: and these
aceouiils, with some others on a similar topic of a more
re(!eiit d.ile, were placed amongst lio:irds to which he
had the most frequent recourse for recreation in his latter
years.
I'lic incidents, indeed, leading to this so honourable
distinction were singular almost to romance. 'I'lii.-*
duugliler, from a shyness of dispo.<itiim the most fearful,
IS well as from her native obscurity, woulil have been
the last, ill the common course of things, to have had
the .smallest ehaiiei! of attracting royal notice; hut the
eccentricity of her o|ieiiing adventure into life had ex-
cited the very curiosity which its scheme iiieunt to render
abortive; aiidtlie.se august personages l)eliehl her with an
evident wi.<li of making some acquaintanee with her
character. They " iw her, also, under the auspices of a
l.tdy whom they li.ul almost singled out from ninong.st
woiiiankiiid as an object worthy of their private friend-
ship ; and whose animated regard for her, tlioy knew,
had set aloof all distance of years, and all recency of in
lereourse.
riie.st^ were circumstances to exile common form and
royal disciplinarianism from these great [H^rsonages ; and
to give to them the smiling front and unbent brow ot
their fair native,not m.ijcsticnllyacquiri'd, ]iliysiug!ioiiiies.
-Viid the impulsive elfeet of such urbanity was facilitating
their purpose to its happy, honoured object; who found
herseli", as if by enchantment, in this august presence,
without the panic of being Biiiiimoned, or the nwc ot
lieing presented. Nothing was cliilUil by ceremonial,
nulhiiig was stiffened by etiquette, nothing belonging to
Ihe/uiHiii/iC of royalty kept up stately distance. No lady
in wailing exhibited the queen; no equerry pointed out
the king ; the reverence of the heart sutRced to impede
any forgell'ulness ol' their rank ; and the courtesy of their
own unatrected hilarity diffused ease, spirit, and pleasure
all around.
The king, insatiably curious to bcenmo still more mi-
nutely master of the history of the publication of Kvclina,
was [loinlcd, though sportive, in question to bring forth
that result. The qiu^en, still more desirous to develo|)e
the author than the book, wns arch and intelligent in
conver.se,to draw out her general sentiments and opinions;
and both were so gently, yet so gaily, encouraging, that
not to h.Tve met their benignant openness with ("rank
vivacity, must rather have been insensibility than timid-
ity.
They appeared themselves to enjoy the novelty of so
domestic an evening visit, which, it is believed, was un-
known to their practice till they had settled .Mrs. Delany
in a private house of their own presentation at Windsor.
C^onil'ortably here they now took their tea, which was
brought to them by Miss Port; Mrs. Delany, to whom
that office belonged, being too infirm for its performance;
iind they stayed on, in lively, easy, and pleasant conver-
satinn, abandoning cards, concert, and court circle, for
the whole evening. And still, when, very late, they
made their exit, they seemed reluctantly to depart.
WAnREN IIASTINOS.
The far, nnd but too deeply, widely, and unfortunately
I'anied Warren Hastings was now amongst the [lersons
of high renown, who courteously sought the acquaintance
of Dr. Burney.
The tremendous attack upon the character and con
duet of Governor Hastings, which terminated, through
his own dauntless np|»'al for justice, in the memorable
trial at NYcstniiiisler Hall, hung then susiicnded over
his head : and, as Mr. Burke was his principal accuser,
it would strongly have prejudiced the doctor against the
accused, had not some of the most rcs|>cctal>le connec-
tions of tlio governor, who had known him through tlie
successive series of bis several governments, and through
the whole display of his almost unprcceileiitid iiowcr,
Im-n particularly of the doctor'* acquaintance; and these
all agreed that the uniform tenour of the actions of Mr.
Hastings, while he was governor general of India, apoke
huinanily, moderation, and lib<'rality.
His demeanour and converse wero pcrlbc^ly corrnlxi-
ratory with this praise; and ho appeared to Dr. Burney
to bo one of the grenlcBt men then living as a public
character; while as a private man, his gentlenen, can-
dour, and npcnncn of discourie, made liim one of the
most pleasing. Ho talked with tlie utmost fl-ankneiii
upon his situation and affUra ; and with a perfect reliance
of victory over his enemies, from a fearless consciousnesa
of probity nnd honour.
'I'liat .'Mr. Burke, the high-minded Mr. Burke, with a
zeal nearly frantic in the belief of (nqiular ruinonrs, could
so iiiii)Ctuously, so wildly, so imperiously be his jirose.
eiitor. Was a true grief to the doctor; and seemed an
enigma inexplicable.
But -Mr. Burke, \vit!i all the depth and sagacity of the
rafest wisdom where he had time for consicleration,
and opportunity for research, had still not only tho
ardour, but the irrcflection ol ingenuous juvenile erediillly,
where tales of horror, of cruelty, or of woe, were placed
hcfore him with a cry for redre.ss.
Dr. Burney was painfully and doubly disturbed at this
trrrllic trial, thrniigli his esteem and admiration for Imth
parties ; and he kept as ahmf t'rom the scene of action
during the whole of its Trojan endurance, as he would
have (lone from a bull fight, to which butli aiilagimista
had been mercilessly exposed. For though, through his
transcendent merit, joined to a longer and more grateful
eonnectinii, he had an infiiiilely warmer personal regard
liir Mr. BiirUe, be held .Mr. Hastings, in (his ease, to l)0
innocent, nnd consequently injured : on him, llurclnrc,
every wish of victory devolved ; yet so hi;;li was tlic
rilinnce of the doctor on the eh: racier of intentional
integrity in the prosecutor, that he always beliehl him an
a man under a generous, however fanatical delusion of
aviiiging iiii|mtcd wrongs; and he forgave what ho
could not justify.
STH-VWDKRUY IIIM,.
Few amongst those who, at this period, honoured
Dr. Burney with an increasing desire of intimacy, stood
higher in fashionable celebrity than Horace Walpole,
anil his civilities to the father were evermore acconipa-
lied by an nt least equal |>ortioii of distinction for his
daughter ; with whom, aller iiuinerous invitations that
rireiiiiistunces had rendered inctVeclive, the doctor, in
ITHG, had the pleasure of making a visit of some days to
Strawlierry Hill.
Mr. Walpole paid them the high and well understood
compliment of receiving them without other company.
No man less needed auxiliaries for the entertainment of
his guests, when he was himself in good humour and
gooti spirits. He had a fund of anecdote that could
provide food for conversation without nny assistance
from the news of the day, or the state of tlic elements:
and he had wit and general knowledge to have supplied
their place, had his memory been of that volatile de-
scription that retained no former occurrence, either of
his own or of his neighbour, to relate. He was scru-
pulously, nnd even elaborately well-bred ; fearing, pcr-
iiaps, from his conscious turn to sarcaein, tliat if lie suf-
fered himself to be unguarded, he might utter expressions
more amusing to be recounted aside, than agreeable to
be received in Iront. He was a witty, sarcastic, ingenious,
deeply thinking, highly cultivated, quaint, though ever-
more gallant and romantic, tliough very mundane, old
bachelor of other dayp.
But liis external obligations to nature were by no
means upon a pur witli those which he owed to her men-
tally : his eyes were inexpressive ; and his countenance,
when not worked upon by his elocution, was of tlie same
description ; at least in these his latter days.
Strawberry Hill was now exhibited to the utmost ad-
vantage. All that was peculiar, especially the most
valuable of his pictures, ho had tho |)olitcnes8 to point
out to his guests himself; and not unfrequently, from the
deep shade in which some of his antique portraits wero
placed ; and the lone sort of look of tlie unusually shaped
apartments in which they were hung, sti iking rccollcc.
tions were brought to their minds of his gotliic story of
tho Castle of Otranto.
He showed them, also, with marked pleasure, the very
vase immortalised by Gray, into which the pcnajfr, but
rapacious Selima had glided to her own destruction,
whilst grasping at that of her golden prey. On the
outside of the vase Mr. Walpole had had lalielled,
" 'Twas on THIS lofty vase's side."
!''< accompanied them to the picturesque villa already
mentioned, which had been graced by the residence of
Imdy Di. Beauclcrk i but which, having lost tliat tbir
possessor, was now destined for two successors in the
liighly talented Miss Berrys; of whom he was antici-
pating with delight tho expected arrival from Italy.
After displaying the elegant apartments, pictures, deco-
rations, and beautiful grounds and views ; all which, to
s|icak in his own manner, had a sort of well-bred as well
as gay and recreative appearance, ho conducted tiicm lo
a small but eborming octagon room, which wai omft-
> :
•*
H
t ■
m
''" ":*''ij^-,^.
■■■.I,-!*/ ■ ', . '■
392
MEMOIRS OF DR. BURNEY.
S'M, 1 ' I '
mented in every pannci by designs taken from liis own
tragedy of the .\ly«terion» Mother, and executed by the
iu:coni|>li8lied Lady L)i.
Dr. Iturney liehvld tliem with the ndiniratinn that
could not but be excited by llio skili, sensibility, aiul
refined expression of tliat emiu^nt lady artist; and the
pleasure of his admiration happily escaped the alloy by
which it would have liccn adulterated, liad he previously
read the horrific tragedy wlience the subject had b<?en
chosen; a tragedy that seems written u|H)n a plan as
revolting to probability as to nature ; and that violates
good taste as Ibreibly as good feeling. It seems written,
indeed, as if in epigrammatic scorn of the horrors of the
Greek drama, by giving birth to conceptions equally
terrific, and yet more appalling.
In the evening, Mr. \Vali)olc favoured them with pro-
ducing several, and ojK'ning some of liis numerous re-
positories of hoarded manuscripts ; and he pointed to a
peculiar caravan, or strong box, that he meant to leave
to his great nephew, Lord >yaldegrave; with an injunc-
tion that it should not be unlocked for a certain nunil>er
of years, perhaps thirty, after the death of Mr. Walpole ;
by which time, he probably calculated, that all tlien
living, who might be hurt by its contents, would be above,
—or beneath them.
He read several picked out and extremely clever le.
ters of Madame du Uetfand, of whom he recounteil a
multiplicity of |>leasant histories ; and he introduced to
them her faj'ouritc little lap dog, which he Ibndled and
cherished, fed by his side, and made his constant com-
panion. 'I'licr.e was no appearance of the roughness
with which lie had treated its mistress, in his treatment
uf the little animal ; tn whom, perhaps, he paid his court
in secret {lenitenee, as I'unuiule honorable for his harsh-
ness to its i)equeatlicr.
Horace Walpolo was amongst those whose character,
as far as it wat apparent, had contradictory qualities so
difiicult to reconcile one with another, as to make its
developcmcnt, from mere general observation, su|)erficial
and unsatisfactory. And Strawberry Hill itself, with all
its chequered and interesting varieties of detail, had a
tiomething in its whole of monotony, that cast, insensibly,
over its visiters, an indc6nable species of secret coii-
titraint; and made cheerfulness rather the ettcet of ett'ort
than the spring of pleasure; by keeping more within
hounds than belongs to their buoyant love of liberty,
those light, airy, darting, bursts of unsought gaiety,
yclept animal spirits.
Nevertheless, the evenings of this visit were spent de.
lightfuliy — they were given up to literature, and to enter-
taining,critical, ludicrous,oranccdotical conversation. Ur.
Burney was nearly as full fraught as Mr. Walpole with
all that could apply materials of this genus ; and Mr.
Walpole had so umch iAste for his society, that he was
wont to say, when Ur. Burney was running off, after a
rapid call in Berkeley square, " Are you going already,
Dr. Burney ?— Very well, sir ! but remember you owe
me a visit !"
The pleasure, however, which his urbanity and un-
wearied exertions evidently bestowed upon his present
guests, seemed to kindle in his mind a reciprocity of
aensation that warmed him into an increase uf kindness ;
and urged the most impressive desire of retaining them
tor a lengthened visit. He left no flattery of iKTsuasion,
and no bribery of promised entertainment untried to al-
lure their compliance. I'he daughter was most willing :
and the ftither was not less so ; but his time was irreme-
diably portioned out, and no change was in his power.
Mr. Walpole looked seriously surprised as well as
chagrined ut the Ibilure of his el)X]uence and his tempta-
tions : tliough soon recovering his usual tunc, ho turned
olV his vexation with his characteristic pleasantry, by
uncovering a large portfolio, and telling them tliut it
contained a collection of all the portraits that were
extan^ of every person mentioned in the letters of
Madame dc Scvignd ; " and if you will not stay at least
another day," he said, patting the portfolio with an air
ef menace, " you ilian't see one drop of them !"
Mn. 8TAM.EV.
In May, 1786, died that wonderful blind musician,
and truly worthy man, Mr. Stanley, who had long been
in a declining state of health, but who was much lamented
by all with whom he had lived in any intimacy.
Once more, a vacancy opened to Or. Burney of tlie
higliest post of honour in his profession, that of master of
the King's Band; a post which in earlier lilc he had
been promised, and of which tlio dirappointmcnt had
MUaM him the most cruel oha^frin.
He had now to renew his application. But the oham-
bcrlain w»i changed ; and h« wa« again defeated.
MK. SMjaT.
Very shortly after this most undeserved disappoint-
ment, the memorialist — who nmst still, perliirco, mingle,
partially, something of her own memoirs witli those of
her fatlier, with which, at this |)criod, they were indis-
|)ensably linked — inet, by his o»vii immediate request,
Mr. Smelt, at the house of Mrs. Delany, who was tlien at
iier London dwelling, in St. James's place.
He expressed the most obliging concern at the pre.
eipitancy of the Lord Chamberlain, who had dis|io8cd,
he said, of the place Iwlbre he knew the king's pleasure;
and }!r. Smelt scrupled not to confciis that his majesty's
own intentions had by no means been fulfilled.
As soon in the evening as all visiters were gone, and
only himself and the memorialist remained with .Mrs.
Delany, Mr. Smelt glided, with a gentleness and delicacy
that accompunied all bis proceedings, into tlic subject
that k<d him to demand this inter\ie\v. And this was
no other than the otVcr of a place to the memorialist in
tlic private establishinent of tlie queen.
Her surprise was considerable ; though by no means
what she would have felt had such an otter not been
preceded by the most singular graeiousness. Neverthe-
less, a mark of |iersonal tiivour so unsolicited, so un-
thought of, could not but greatly move her : and the
moment of disap|>oiiitnient and chagrin to her father at
which it occurred ; with the expressive tone and manner
ill which it was announced by Mr. Smelt, brought it
close to her heart, as an intended and benevolent mark
of goodness to her father himself, that might publicly
manifest how little their majesties had been consulted,
when Dr. Burney had again so unfairly been set a.side.
But vs'liile these were the ideas that on the first mo-
ment awakened the most grateful sensations towards
their majesties, others, far less exhilarating, broke into
their vivacity before they had even found utterance. A
morbid stroke of sickly apprehension struck upon her
mind with fnrehodings of separation from herfatiier, her
family, her friends ; a separation which, when tlieie is
neither distress to enforce, nor ambition to stimulate a
change, can have one only equivalent, or inducement,
for an afiectionate female ; namely, a home of her own
with a chosen partner ; and even then, the filial sundcr-
ment, where there is filial tenderness, is a pungent draw-
back to all new scenes of life.
Nevertheless, she was fully sensible that here, tliough
there was not that potent call to bosom feelings, there
was honour the most gratifying in a choice so perfectly
sjiontancoiis ; and favour amounling to kindness, from a
quarter whence such condescension could not but elevate
with pleasure, as well as charm and iwnctratc with grati-
tude and rcs|)ect.
Still — the sejiaration, — for the residence was to be in-
variably at the palace; — the total change of lite; tlic re-
linquishing the brilliant intellectual circle into which
she had been so flatteringly invited —
She hchiluti'd — she breuU;cd hard — she could not at-
tempt to speak —
But she was with those to whom speech is not indis-
pensable for discourse; who could reciprocate ideas
without uttering or hearing a syllable; and to whose
penetrating acumen words are tlie bonds, but not the re-
vcalers of thoughts.
They saw, and understood her conflict; and by tlieir
own silciiec showed that they respected hers, and its la-
tent cause.
And when, after a long pause, ashamed of their pa-
tience, she would have expressed her sense of its kind-
ness, they would not hear her apology. " Do not hurry
your spirits in your answer, my dear Miss Burney," said
.Mrs. Delany ; " jiray take your own time : Mr. Smelt, I
am sure, will wait it."
" Certainly he will," said Mr. Smelt ; " he can wail it
even till to-morrow morning ; for he is not to give his
answer till to-morrow noon."
" Take then the night, my dear Miss Burney," cried
Mrs, Delany, in a tone of the softest sympathy, ** for
deliberation ; that you may think every thing over, and
not bo hurried ; and let us all three meet here again to,
morrow morning at breaktfast."
" How good you both are !" the memorialist was
faintly uttering, when what was her surprise to hear Mr.
Smelt, who, with a smile, interrupted her, say : " I have
no claim to such a panegyric ! I should ill execute the
commission with which I have been entrusted, if I em-
barrassed .Miss Burney ; for the great personage, from
whom I hold it, permitted my speaking first to Miss
Burney alone, without consulting even Dr. Burney ; that
she might form her own unbiasiwd determination."
Where now was the agitation, the incertitude, tlie
irresolution of the memorialist? Where the severity of
her conflict, the pang of her sundering wiBlnn? ^n
were suddenly dissolved by overwiicming a»toiilf|]n,f„|
and melted by respectful gratitude : and to the decision
of Dr. Burney all now was willingly, and with tinUu
and cheerful ac<|ui<?Bcencc, referred.
Dr. Burney felt honoured, frit elated, felt proud of j
murk so gracious, so unexpected, of personal partialuv '
lo his daughter ; but felt it, perforce, with the saint draw
backs to entire happiness that so strongly had balancdi
its pleasure with herself. Yet his high sense of smh
singular condescension, and his hope of the worldly u.
vantage to which it might iMWsibly lead ; joined to il,i
inherent loyalty that rendered a wish of his son'reifn i
law to him, checked his disturbance ere it amouiilcd to
hesitation. Mutually, therefore, resigned to a parting
from so honourable a call, they embraced In tearful uu.
son of sentiment ; and, with the warmest lieliiijis gj- I
lieartfi;lt and most re8|>cctful — though not uiisigliini;—
devotion. Dr. Iturncy hastened to Mr. Smell, with n,,,,
unitedly grateful and obedient occeptance of the oDVr
which her majesty had deigned to transmit to tlicni
through his kiud and liberal medium.
THE aUEEN.
Dr. Burney now became nearly absorbed by this Jntc
resting crisis in the life of his second daughter ; of
which, however, the results, not the details, belong to
these Memoirs.
She was summoned almost immediately to Windsor,
though only, at first, to the house of Mrs. Delany ; in
whose presence, as the doctor learned from her Inters,
tills memorialist was called to the honour of an intcrvkw
of more than two hours with her majesty. Nut, liu«.
ever, for the purjiosc of arranging the particulars of licr
destination. 'I'he penetrating queen, who soon, no doubt,
perceived a degree of agitation which could nnl Ik quite
controlled in so new, so unexpected a position, with a
delicacy the most winning put that subject quite aside;
and discoursed solely, during the whole long uudkncc,
upon general or literary matters.
" I know well," continued the letter to tlic doctor,
" how my kind father will rejoice at so generous nn
opening ; esjiccially when I tell him that, in parting, she
condescended, and in the softest manner, to say, ' I am
sure, Miss Burney, we shall suit one another very uell!'
And then, turning to Airs. Delany, she added, ' 1 wasld
to think of Miss Burney first by her books — then \>i
seeing her — and then by always hearing how she wu
loved by her friends — but chiefly, and over all, by jour
regard for her.' "
The doctor was then further informed, through Mn.
Delany, that the oificc of his daughter was to be thatol'
an immediate attendant upon her majesty, designated
in the Court Calendar by the name of Kcejier of the
Robes.
'I'he business thus fixed, though unannounced, as Mrs.
Haggerdorn, the predecessor, still held her place, the
doctor again, for a few weeks, received back his daugh-
ter ; whom he found, liku himself, extremely gratilicd
that her olHcc consisted entirely in attendance upon ao
kind and generous a queen : though he could not but
smile a little, U|)on learning that its duties exacted coi-
stant readiness to assist at her majesty's toilette : nut
from any pragmatical disdain of dress — on the contrary,
dress had its full share of his admiration, when he saw
it in harmony with the person, the class, and the time of
life of its exhibitor. But its charms and its capabilities,
he was well aware, had engaged no part of his daugh.
ter's reflections; what she knew of it was accidental,
caught and forgotten witli the same facility ; and con.
ducing, consequently, to no system or knowledge that
might lead tn any eminence of judgment for inventing
or directing ornamental personal drapery. And slic woi
as utterly unacquainted with the value of jewelry, as she
was unused to its wear and care.
The queen, however, he considered, as she made no
enquiry, and delivered no charge, was probably deter-
mined to take her chance ; well Knowing she had others
more initiated about her to supply such deficiencies. It
appeared to him, indeed, that fur from seeking, the
waived all obstacles; anxious, upon this oeeusion, at
least, where the services were to bo peculiarly peinonol,
to make and abide by a choice exclusively her onn; tnd
ill which no common routine of chauibcrlain etiqueUe
should interfbre.
And, ore lung, he had tlie inexpressible comfort to be
informed that so changed, through the partial grtcioui-
ness of the queen to the memorialist, was the place from
that which had been Mrs. Haggerdorn's ; so lightened
and so simplified, that, in fiict, the nominal new Keepci
(line Kobes I
„iu.-) with rd
U,i,L., ard thd
i!,-is niaimla<L
stlnrellcnbergl
5,rolud u|>onf
^ that olficiall
anrcmillni;; rJ
],f.rooai, not '
(ojourn at the |
Sot till with!
Ujjfrrdorn foil
country and fail
Hi the vacati J
iidd troublesoil
I iioocd to annoul
ilpen pro|«ral
Wiad<«r, and a I
iii.iher family I
I N,)|, indeed, T
I ihieh belongs
I oiuncehere wt
I M,; jet was it|
I iiioa?li it ought I
I luiiual or voluo
I tosoin friends ;
I ttiie even her
I »i ippointiiicnt c
I duties of otfice di
I Tile*' rcstricti
I Dr. Burney was
I Bnni'Cliona : and
I uev were redeei
I onilojcen.-'ion, th
I [iuii is ahniist j
I Ruipoise of good
I l^neral satisfa(
I M all around to
jiireot' seeing tha
I VIS spread far am
I beiond its watery
I ijul co'ild excite i
I inti'iii.
J Bat the chief n<
I Dr. Burney, a noti
luddeliijht, was fr
I tmer made know
I Mmm's street wit
I nissiiiT biith fathei
I lour, to write upon
I liKse flattering wo
" To congra
" The
ThelTlhof Jul;
I ^n tor the cntra
I « Dr. Burncy's se
The doctor's cor
|tu active, lively,
Ifbsurc than in pc
I Windsor Loilge.
.\s soon as it wa
llrjm his business a
I btiijii Irotn .Mrs. B
Ittieiprcss perniis:
litlioa of the kin
ll^Uayheld it utte
I I tiie hoifse of prii
I W consigned to h
The queen, on tl
I liailir, gave order
lloiiuieat the Lodi
I'llfed, in the tin
I Sdnvellenberg, the
I tUimiticent table.
I It this time, to eng
I Sfit characters for
I W ever kiiown,-
I iKuly inconiparab
I lonie other agrceal
Ijeynutlie prinei
I m the giy leelin
lllitcouiptny he wi
I Id the evening,
I 'oing-roora to tlie
MEMOIRS OF DR. BUHNEY.
393
■|ifrc tlic scvtriiy w" |
lerinjf wisliin t ,\^^
?miiig afloiiitlinifiii,
and to the (lecinion I
f, and with rejolut,,
itrd, flit proud of »
f porsonal partialnv
with the name (|rii;t'.
rongly hod balancM
high siiisi' ofguii,
K of the worldiv le-
f lend ; joimd to tin
ill of his Bovtreign i
e t'rc it nmounitii lo
signed to a fanmt
iraced in tearful ui,i.
wnrnicft teelinjs rf
gh not unsigliln|i—
Ir. Smell, with ilmr
;eptance of the off«
u transmit to tlicm
n.
ibsorbcd by this into-
second daughter ; of
ic details, belong lu
icdiatcly to Windsor,
of Mrs. Uelany ; in
led from her letters,
onour of an intcn itw
majesty. Nut, how.
the purtieulars of litr
I, who soon, no doubt,
Icli could not Ik- quite
d a position, with a
t Bubjeet quite hfiic,
H'liole long audience,
letter to tlie doctor, |
at so generous gn
II that, in parting, she I
anncr, to say, ' 1 i
ic another very well;'
1 she added, ' 1 was M
her books — then bv
caring how she wu
ind over all, by joiu
>rmed, through Mri.
r was to be that ol' |
majesty, designated
of Kec|Kr of the
i*--
lu
nannounccd, as Mrs.
held her place, the
ed back his daugh-
extremely gratitied
attendance upon w
lie could not but
duties exacted eoi.
jesty's toilette : nut
in the contrary,
tion, when lie saw
uss, and the lime of
and its capabilities,
part of his daugh-
it was accidental,
a facility ; and con.
or knowledge thst
nicnt for inventing
pcry. And she was
e of jewelry, »s slie
'd, BH she maile no
ras probably deter-
ying she had others
Ich deficiencies. It
Jfrom seeking, she
this oeension, at
jculinrly petnonal,
Ively her own; mil
linbcrlain etiquette
lible comfort to bt
^0 partial gracioui-
VII the place fhiin
lrn'«; so lightcntd
Iminal new Keeper
'■..le Kobes had no robes in her keeping; lliat tlio dilli-
raiurt »■''•' rcspec' to jewelry, laces, and court liubili-
B^iLS a'"'! '•'« "thcr routine 'business belonging to the
if^ maiiutactory, appertained to her colleague, Mrs.
Vh»ell«n'*'? ; and Uiat the manual laliours and cares
I vJud u|>on the wardrobe-wonien ; while from herself
ihit ollieially was required was assiduous attention,
mreffliltin'J readiness for every suininons to the dress-
jij.rooai, not milrequent long readings, and jicrpetual
f,fs\un at the palace.
KEEi'KR OF THE ROBES.
Not till within a few days of the departure of Mrs.
II fprdorn for IJerinany, there to enjoy, in her own
Mnlrv a"'' family, the iVuiU of her faithful services,
fti the vacation of her place made public i when, to
ninJ troublesome caiivassings. Dr. Burney was coniniis-
I iioncd to announce in the ncwsiiapers her successor.
I lAU preinratioiis were then made for a removal to
Wiad^r, and a general leave-taking of tlie niemorialisl
mil her family and friends ensued.
S.it, indeed, a leave-taking of that mournful cast
liiich belongs to great distance, or decided absence;
I cuunce here was tritling, and absence merely prccari-
j; vet was it a leave-taking that could not be gay,
I u»u?H It ought not to be sad. It was a parting from all
I .iintuil or voluntary intercourse with natal home, and
ioioin friends ; since she coulJ only at stated hours rc-
I we even her nearest of kin in her apartments, and
,j jpiwintinent could be hazarded for abroad, that tlie
I duties of otHee did not make liable to be broken.
The* restrictions, nevertheless, as they were official,
I Dr. Burney was satisfied could cause no offence to her
ojnni'Ctions : and with regard to her own privations,
I ufv wore redeemed by so much personal favour and
I toaJoscension, that they called not for more philosophy
I iiin Is aliniwt jegularly demanded, by the universal
I Mipoise of good and evil, in all sublunary changes.
I irtneral satisfaction and universal wishing joy ensued
I m lU around to Dr. Burney ; who had the great plca-
Inreof seeing that tJiis disposal of his second dauglitcr
I ni spread far and wide tlirough the kingdom, and even
I iuTMid its watery bounds, so ikr as so small an indivi-
I U co'Jd eicite any interest, witli one accord of appro-
1 butiiin.
Bat the chief notice of this transaction that charmed
I Df. Burnev, a notice which he hailed with equal pride
ludd-liglil, was from .Mr. Burke; to whom it v/ds no
I »»ner made known, than he hastened in person to St.
I Mutin's street with his warm gratulations ; and, upon
I Buiiii? bi)th father and daughter, he entered the par-
I lour, to write upon a card that he picked from a bracket,
I tiieic flattering words :
" Mr. BiRRE,
" To congratulate upon the honour done by
" The QUEES to .Miss Bi-RNEy, —
" And to HERseu."
WINDSOR.
The ITth of July, 1787, was the day appointed by the
l^fl tor the entrance into her majesty's establishment
I ci' Ur. Buriiey's second daughter.
The dtictor't correspondence with the new robe-keeper
liu active, lively, incessant; and he had no greater
Ifbiurc than in perusing and answering her letters from
I Windsor Lodge.
Xi soon as it was in his power to steal a few dnys
I ta his business and from London, he accepted an invi-
lliliun troiii .Mrs. DcLony to pass tliein in her abode, by
Itlteiprcss permission, or rather willi the lively appro.
Ituioa of the king and queen; witliout which Mrs.
I IkUay held it utterly unbecoming to receive any guests
I la tiic hoilic of private, but royal hospitality, which they
I U consigned to her use.
The queen, on this occasion, as on others that were
I liaulai, gave orders that Dr. Burney should be requested
I to dine at the Lodge with his daughter ; lu whom dc-
I'olnd, in the then absence of her coadjutrix, Mrs.
I Sdmllcnberg, the oflicc of doing the honours of a very
I lucnilicent table. And that daughter had tlfc happiness,
Nihis time, to engage for meeting her father, two of the
I tint characters fur virtue, purity, and elegance, that she
IM ever known, — the exemplary Mr. Smelt, and the
l»nily incomparable Mrs. Dclany. There were also
I nmc other agreeable people ; but the spirited Dr. Bur.
I uy wu tlie principal object : and he enjoyed himself
I Iram the gty feelings of his contentment, as much as by
I 'I* couiptny he wis enjoyed.
I In the evening, when tlie party adjourned from the
I >>3ing.rooni to tlie (larlour of the rube-keeper, how high
was the gratification of Dr. Burney to sec tlie king enter
the apurtiiieiit; and to see that, though prolissedly if
was to do honour to years and virtue, in fetching .Mis.
Uelany hiniself to the queen, which was very geiieriilly
his bcnevuU'iit custuiii, he now su|icradded to that good-
less the design of according an audience to Dr. Burney ;
for when Mrs. Delany was preparing to attend iiis ma.
jesty, he, smilingly, made her re-seat herself, with lii.s
usuul benign consideration tor her time of lite ; and then
courteously entered into conversation with the happy Dr.
Burney.
He opened upon inusicul matters, with the most ani-
inuted wish to hear the sentiments of tlie doctor, and ti
coinmunicate his own ; und the doctor, enchanted, wan
mure than ready, was eager to meet these condescend.
ng ndvnnces.
No one at all accustomed to court etiquette couhl have
seen him without smi.ing: he was so totally uniiiipress.
ed with the modes which, even in private, are observed
in the royal presence, lliat he moved, s|>oke, and walked
about the room without const mint ; nay, he even debated
witli the king precisely with the sunie frankness that he
would have used with any other gentleman, whom he
had accidentally met in society.
Nevertheless, a certain flutter of spirits which always
accoin|>anic8 royal interviews that arc infre(|uent, even
with those who arc least awed by them, took from hi
that self-possession which, in new, or uneoinnioii cases,
tcichcs us how to get through ditficulttcs of form, by
watching the manceuvres of our neighbours. Klated by
the o|K^iincss and benignity of his majesty, he seemed in
a sort of honest enchantiiicnt thut druvc from his mind
all thought of ceremoniul ; tlioiigh in his usual commerce
with the world, he was scrupulously observant of all cus-
tomary attentions. But now, on tlie contrary, he pur-
sued every topic that was started till he had satisfied
himself by saying all that belonged to it; and he st.-irted
any topic that occurred to him, whether the king appear,
ed to be ready for another, or not ; and while the rest of
the party, retreating towards the wainscot, formed a dis.
tant and res|iecttul circle, in which the king, approach,
iiig separately und individually tliose whom he meant to
address, was alone wont to move, the doctor, quite un-
consciously, came forward into the circle himself; and,
wholly bent a\xm pursuing whatever theme was begun,
either followed the king when he turned away, or came
onward to meet his steps when he inclined them towards
some other person ; with an earnestness irrepressible to
go on with his own subject ; and to retain to liiiiiself the
attention and the eyes — which never looked adverse to
him — of the sweet-tempered monarch.
This vivacity and this nature evidently amused the
king, whose candour and good sense always distinguish-
ed an ignorance of the routine of forms, from tlic ill
manners or ill will of disrespect.
The queen, also, with a grace al! her own towards
those whom she deigned to wish to please, honoured her
robe-kee|ier'B apartment with her presence on tlie follow-
ing evening, by accompanying thitlier tlie king; with
the same sweetness of benevolence of seeking Mrs. De-
lany, in granting an audience to Dr. Burney.
No one better understood conversation than the queen,
or appreciated convcrsers with better judgment : gaily,
therefore, she drew out, and truly enjoyed, the flowing,
unpractised, yet always infurining discourse of Dr. Bur-
ney.
DR. IIEKSCHEL.*
One morning about this period was dedicated to the
famous Hcrschel, whom Dr. Burney visited at Slough ;
whither he carried his daughter, to see, and to take u
walk through the immense new telcsco|ic of Hcrschel's
own construction. Already from another very large,
though, in comparison with this, very diminutive one.
Dr. licrscliel suid he had discovered 15U0 universes I
The moon, too, which, at that moment, was Ijis favourite
object, had aRorded him two volcanos ; and his own
planet, or the Geoigium Sidus, had favoured him with
two satellites.
Dr. Burney, who hnd a passionate inclination for as-
tronomy, had a double tie to admiration and regard for
Dr. Merscliel, who, both practically and theoretically, was
also on excellent musician. They had much likewise in
common of suavity of disposition ; and they conversi'd
togctlier witli a pleasure tliat led, eventually, to much
alter intercourse.
The accomplished and amiable Mr. Smelt joined them
here by appointment ; as did, afterwards, the erudite,
pootical, and elegant Dr. Uurd, Bishop of Worcester,
» Atbrwurds Sir Witliain.
and author of the Marks of Iniitatiiin ; whose line fea-
tures, fine expressiiiii, uud fine manners made him styled
hy -Mr. Siiiclt " The Beauty of Holiness ;'" and who was
aceimipanied by the learned Dr. Douglas, afkrwards
llishiip of Salisbury.
j^lisN Ilersehel, the celebrated comct-scnrcher, and one
of tlie most truly modest, or rather humble, of human
beings, having sat up all night at her eceentric vocation,
was now, much to their regret, mocking the day beams
in sound repose.
In siinilur visits to his duiigliter, Dr. Burney had again
nnd again the high lioiionr und happiness of being in-
dulged with long, lively, nnd most agreeable eonvcrso-
tiniis with his majesty ; who, himself u |>erfectly natural
man, h.id a true taste for wliut, in a court — or, in truth,
out of one — is so rarely to be met with, — an unsophisti-
cated character.
And thus, congenial with his principles, and flattering
to his taste, sollly, gaily, salubriously, began for Dr. Bur-
ney the new career of his second daughter. It wus a
stream of huppiness, now gliding iin gently witli the
serenity of enjoy ii"-iii. f'>r the )iresent; now lupidly flow-
iiig taster with tin- aspiring velocity of liojie lor the fu-
ture.
Sins. DKLANY.
What a reverse to this licaming sunshine wos floating
in the air ! .\ second year was yet iiieoin|dete, when a
cloud intercepted the bright rnys that had almost revivi-
fied Dr. Burney, by suddenly nnd for ever closing from
his view the inestimable, the exemplary, tlie venerated
friend of his daughter, Mrs. Delany ; for sudden wus
this mortal eclipse, though, at her great age, it could
never be luiexpectcd.
OKOKOE THE THIRD.
Such was the cloud that obscured the spring horizon
of Dr. Burney in llt>S ; but which, severely us it damp-
ed and saddened him, was but as a point in a general
mass, save from his kind grief for his licart-afflictcd
daughter, compared with the etUet produced u[)on him
hy the appalling hurricane that aflferwards ensued ;
though there, he himself was but as a |ioint, and scarce-
ly that, in the vast mass of general woe and universal
disorder, of which tliot fatal storm was the precursor.
The war of all the elements, when their strife darts
with lightnings, und hurls with thunder, that seem
threateiniig destruction all around, is peace, is calm, is
tamcness nnd sameness, to tliat which was caused by the
first sudden breaking out of a malady nameless, but tre-
mendous, terrific, but unknown, iu the king — that father
of his people, that friend of human kind.
This event, then, is fiireigii to nil domestic memoirs;
nnd to such as are (wliticnl. Dr. Burney's cnn have no
pretensions. It will rapidly, thcicfore, be passed over, in
consonance with the intentions of the doctor, manifested
by an entire omission of any intervening nieniorandums,
from his grief at the illness, to his joy at the recovery of
his sovereign ; a joy which, however diversified by the
endless shadings of multitudinous circumstances, was
almost universally felt by all ranks, all classes, all ages;
and hailed by a chorus of sympathy, that resounded in
songs of thanksgiving and triumph throughout tlie Bri-
tish empire.
WINDSOR.
And yet — tliougli joy flew to his bosom with such ex-
ulting delight, when that joy had spent its first eiferves-
ccnce ; when, exhausted hy its own eager ebullition, it
subsided into quiet thankfulness — did Dr. Burney find
himself in the same state of self-gratiilation at the posi.
tion of his daughter, as bel'orc that blight which bereav-
ed her of Mrs. Delany ? Did he experience the same vivid
glow of pleasure in her destination, that he felt previous-
ly to that tremendous national tempest that had shaken
tlie pnlace, nnd shuttered all its dwellers, through terror,
watchfulness, and sorrow ?
Alas no '. the charm was broken, the curtain was
dropt I the scene was changed by unlocked for contin-
gencies ; and a catastrophe of calamity seemed menacing
Ills peace, that was precisely the reverse of all that the
opening of this part of his life's dranm had appeared
to niigur of felicity.
The health of hi' laughter fell visibly into decay ; her
looks were alarmingly altered ; her strength was daily
enfeebling ; and tlie native vivacity of her character and
spirits were palpably sinking from premature internal
debility.
This indeed, was a blight to close, in sickly mists, the
most brilliant avenues of his parental ambition. It was
a shock of the deepest disappointment, that the one
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394
MEMOIRS OP DIt. DritNEY.
'V
M'^'-
r'v'^s
m^'
m
aniuii^Ht liiH progeny on whom tbrtuiiu liad Kcvined most
to Hinile, iilioiild bo tlireati'iivd with lhigi'riii|r diasolutiun,
tlirongh the very elianiiel in which hIiu upiieurcd to Ix'
gHdiiig to honour and (uvonr ; and that Ik', her ho|>e-l>e.
gulled parent, must now, at all niundune ri.skn, snutcli
lier «wny from every mundane advantage ; or incur the
pcrilniu chance of weeping over her precipitated grave.
Yet, wlicro 8ueli scenied the alternative, there could
be no hesitation : the tender parent took place ol' the
provident friend, and IiIh decision was iuunediate to re-
call the invalid from all higher worldly asjiirationa to her
retired natal home.
The gratitude of his daughter at this paternal tentler-
neaa rose to her eyesi, in her then weakened stale, with
constant tears every time it occurred to her mind ; tor
well she knew how many a gay hope, and glowing tbnd
idea, must hc^ sacrificed hy so retrograde u measure.
Medical aid was, however, calleil in ; but no prescrip-
tion was cflicacious : no further room, therefore, was lel\
for demur, and with the sanction, or rather by the dirtx--
tinn of her kin<t father, she addressed a letter to the
queen — having first besought and obtained her majesty's
IcRVC for taking so direct a course.
In this letter, the memorialist unreservedly represent-
ed the altered stiite of her health ; with the fears of her
father that her constitution would be utterly undermined,
unless it could bo restored by retirement from all oDicial
exertions. She supplicated, therefore, her majesty's per-
mission to give in her resignation, with her humblest
acknowledgments for all the extraordinary goodness that
had been shown to her ; the remembrance of which
would be ever gratefully and indelibly engraven on her
heart.
Scarcely with more reluctance wos this letter deliver-
ed than it was received ; and as painful to Ur. Burncy
were the coiiHicling scenes that followed this step, as had
been the apprehensions by which it had been produced.
The queen was movetl even to tears at the prospect of
losing a faithful attendant, whom she had considered as
consecrated to her for life, and on whose attachment she
had the firmest reliance: and the reluctance with which
she turned from the separation led to modifying proi)o»i-
tions, so condescendingly urgent, that the plan of retreat
was soon nearly melted away from grateful devotion.
In no common manner indeed, was Dr. Burney beset
to adhere to his purpose ; he was invoked, conjured, nay,
exhorted, by calls an<l supplications from the most dis-
tinguished of his friends, which, however gratifying to
Ills parental feelings, were distressful to his loyal ideas
from his conviction that the gracious wish of detention
sprung from a belief that the restoration of the invalid
might be elVoctcd without rclin()uishing her place.
MH. noswELL.
And while thus poignantly he was disturbed by this
conflict, his daughter, became accidentally informed of
plans that were in secret agitation to goad his resolves.
Mr. lloswell, aliout this time, guided by M. de GaifTar-
dicrc, crossed and intercepted her passage, one Sunday
morning, from the Windsor cathedral to the queen's
lodge.
Mr. Boswell had visited Windsor to solicit the king's
leave, which graciously had Ikhju granted, for publishing
Dr. Johnson's dialogue with his majesty.
AUnost forcibly stopping her in her path, though
making her an ob3e()uious, or rather a theatrical, bow,
" I am happy," he cried, " to find you, madam, for I was
told you were lost I closed in the unscalable walls of a
royal convent. But let me tell you, madam !" assimiing
his highest tone of mock-heroic, " it won't do ! You nmst
come forth, madam ! You must abscond from your
princely monastery, and come forth ! You were not
born to be immured, like a tabby cat, madam, in yon
august cell ! We want you in the world. And we are
told you arc very ill. But we can't spare you. Besides,
madam, I want your Johnson's letters for my book 1"
Then, stopping at once himself and his hearer, by
spreading abroad both his arms, in starting suddeidy
Iwtbro her, he energetically added, " For thk book,
madam ! the first book in the universe !"
Swelling then with internal gratulatinn, yet involun-
tarily half laughing, from good humouredly catching the
infc^ction of the impulse which his unrestrained self-
complacency excited in his listener, he significantly
paused ; but the next minute, with double emphasis, and
strong, even comic gesticulation, ho went on : "1 have
every thinjf else I every thing that can he named, of every
sort, and class, and description, to show the great man
in all his bearings! — every thing, — iixccpt his letters to
you! Bat I have nothing of that kind. I look for it all
iVom you ! It is necessary to complete my portrait. It
will be the first bonk in the whole universe, madam!
There's iinthing like it — " again half laughing, yet
s|M-akiiig more and more forcibly : "There never was, —
and tlieci' never w ill lie ! — So give me your letters, and
I'll place them with the hand of a master !"
She iiiuile some s|K)rlivc reply, to hurry away from
his urgency ; but he pursued her (juite to the liHlge ; act-
ing the whole way so as to make gazers of all whom
they encountered, and a laughing observi.T of Al. de
liiiitfardiere. " Von must euiiie fiirtli, madam !" he
viieiferated ; " this iiionastic lite won't do. You must
come tiirtli ! We are resolved to a man, — we. The Club,
madam ! iiy, thk ri.tB, madam ! are resolved to a man,
that Ur. Burney shall have no rest — poor gentleman I —
till he scale the walls of your august convent, to burn
your veil, and curry you oil."
At the iron gate o|R'niiig into the lawn, not daring to
force his uninvited steps any liirther, he seriously and
Ibriiially again stopped her, and, willi a look and voice
that indicated — don't imagine I uiii trilling 1 — solemnly
confirmed to her a rumour which already had reached
her ears, that Mr. Windham, whom she knew to be
tiireiiiost in this chivalrous cabal against the patience ot
Dr. Burney, was mralilling a plan tor inducing (lie iiicni-
Irts of the liiterary I'hib to address a round-robin to the
doctor, to recall his daughter to tlic world.
" And the whole matter was puissantly discussed,"
added Mr. Boswr!l, " at thk ci.i;n, madam, at the last
meeting — ("liarles Vox in the chair."
The alarm of this inlimation sufHced, however, to
save the doctor from so disconcerting an honour ; for the
next time that the invalid, who, though palpably waning
away, was seldom confined to the house, went to West-
minster Hall during the trial of Mr. Hastings, and was
joined by Mr. Windham, she entreated that liberal friend
to relinipiish his too kind purpose; assuring him that
such a violent measure was unnecessary, since all, how-
ever slowly, was progressive tow r'ds her making the
essay so kindly desired for her health, of change of air
and lil'c.
Mr. Windham, at first, ixTsisted that nothing short of
a round-robin would decisively re-urge Dr. Burney to
his " almost blunted purpose." But when, with equal
tn I gratitude, she seriously told him that his own
pei I influence had already, in this most intricate
difKculty, been |)crsuasively ])ower!iil, he exclaimed, with
his over animated elegance, " Then I have not lived in
vain !" and acquiesced.
WINDSOR.
Sir Joshua Reynolds, Horace Walpole, and all the
Burkes, were |Kitent accomplices in this kind and singular
conspiracy; which, at last, was suddenly superseded by
so obviously a dilapidated state of health in its objoci, as
to admit of no further procrastination; and this uncom-
mon struggle at length ended by the entrance at Wind,
sor of a successor to the invalid, in July, 1701 ; when,
though with nearly as much regret as eagcrni-ss. Dr.
Burney fetched his daughter from the palace; to which
exactly five years previously, he had conveyed her with
unmixed delight.
It is here a duty — a fair and a willing one — to men-
tion, that in an audience of leave-taking to which the
meniorialist was admitted just licfore her departure, the
queen had the gracious munificence to insist that half the
salary annexed to the resigned ofiicc should be retained ;
and when the memorialist, from fiihiess of heart, and
the surprise of gratitude, would have declined, though
with the warmest and most respectful acknowledgments,
a remimeration to which she had never looked forward,
the queen, without listening to her resistance, deigned
to express the softest regret tliat it was not convenient
to her to do more.*
All of ill health, fatigue, or suffering, that had worked
the necessity for this parting, was now, at this moment
of its final operation, sunk in tender gratitude, or lost in
the sorrow of leave-taking ; and the memorialist could
dilEcultly articulate, in retiring, a single sentence of her
regret or her attaehnient : while the queen, with weeping
eyes, laid her fair hand uimn the arm of the metiio.
rialist, repeatedly and gently wishing her happy — " well,
and happy !" And all the princesses were graciously
demonstrative of a concern nearly amounting to emotion,
in pronouncing their adieus. Even the king, coming
up to her, with an evident intention to wish her well, as
he entered the apartment that she was quitting, wore an
aspect of so much pity for her broken health, that, utterly
* The memorialist has since been informed that the
king himself had deigned to say, " It is but her due.
She has given up five years of her pen."
overpowered by the conimiseraling exprcimioa of |,„
iH'nevolent countenance, she was obliged, in»tcj(J \f I
iiiuniiuriiig her thanks, and curlesying her fhriweli
abru|itly to turn from him to an adjoining wiiulnw ii, I
liiile a gratef'ul sensibility of his goodness that «hc njiomg
neither subdue, nor venture to inunill'st.
J7ai.
Arrived again at the natal home, Dr. Durnrv «f|.
coined back his daughter with the most clieerii'ii; tfn.
derness. All the family haslened to hail and prupiUiij
her return ; and congrutulalory ho[Ks and wishes |l,f o^.
s|H'edy restorution ol' her health |ioured in U|ion tlic doc
liir ti'oiil all quarters.
But chiefly .'Mrs. Crewe, Sir Joshua UeynoldB, and
Messrs. Windham, Horace Walpole, and Seward, i.taruii
I'orwurd, by visits or by letters, H|kiii this reslitiiinn
u ifli gnelings uliiiost tumultuous ; so imbued liao Ixtii
thiir iiiimis with the belief that change of scene anit
<Hiangc of lile alone could retard a change more fatal.
MH. lll'KKE.
Mr. Burke was at Beaconsfield ; and joined iint, flirrr. I
fore, in the kind partieipition which the diidor niirhil
else have hoped for, on the re-apjiearanec of his intiluil
daughter in those enlightening circles of wliiih Mr.f
Uui le, now, was the unrivalled first ornaniciif.
It may here be right, |K'rhaps, as well ns iiilrrci.tjnr, I
to note, since it can be dune upon proof', the kindiu;s oil
heart and lilicrality of Mr. Burke, even in (wlitics, wbtn I
not combiited by the turbulence and cxeiteiiiciit ofpul).!
lie contention. Too noble, indeed, was his grijuititl
character, too great, too grand, for any worp so ofl'tiisivel
to mental liberty, as that of seeking to subject tlie opiii.l
ions of his friends to his own. I
Tlii.s Iriith will be amply illustrated by the fuilowinji
letter written in answer to some apology from Dr.I
Burney, for withholding his vote, at a WestminsltTl
election, from the friend and the partjr that were cau-l
vasscd lor in person by Mr. Burke.
" TO DB. BUR.NEV.
"My Dimr Sir, — I give you my sincere tlianks foil
your tiesire to satisfy my mind relative to your condw
in this exigency. I am will ac(|uainle<l with joi
principles and sentiments, and know that every lhin(
good is to be expected from both. • • • (Jod forbil
that worthy men, situated as you arc, should be mide
sacrifices to the minuter part of politics, when xei
far from able to assure ourselves that the higher pirt
can he made to answer the good ends we have in view j
You have little or no obligations to me ; but if you liia
a.s many us I really wish it were in my power— as ll i
certainly in my desire — to lay upon you, I lioiicyouii
not think me capable of conferring them, in order iJ
subject your mind, or your affairs, to a painful and nilM
chievous servitude. I know that your sentiments vrii
always outrun the demands of your friends ; and tliif
you want rather to be restrained in the excess of nhu
is right, than to lie stimulated to a languid and insuf
eient exertion." • •
Dr. Burney at this time resided entirely at Chebn
t^'ollege ; and he found this sojourn so (lerfeclly to biJ
taste, that, though obliged, some years afterward?, bJ
olFieial arrangenients, to remove from the ground floorll
nearly the highest range of rooms in that lofty edifice, b
never wished to place the change of his alxide.
Solaced, iievcilhcless, as was now his anxiety for i.J
invalid daughter, he was not at rest. She looked il|
weak, and languid ; and the danger was clearly not an
So deplorably, indeed, wos her health injured, tlnl sm
cessivc changes of air were medicinally advised (Sr hd
to Dr. Burney ; and her maternally zealous friend, Ml
Ord, most kindly proposed taking charge of^ the ci«
lion of that prescription. A tour to the westwoa unifc
taken ; the Bath waters were successfully tried; inl
after passing nearly four months in gentle fravellinf
the good Mrs. Ord delivered the invalid to her farailj
nearly re-estahlislnd.
The paternal affection which greeted this double restciJ
tion, to her health and her home, gave her, then, a hij
piness which vivified both. The doctor allowed her llf
indulgence of living almost wholly in his study; M
rend together, wrote together, compared notes, common!
cated projects, and diversified each other's cmploymera
and his kindness, enlivened by her late danger «
difticultics, was more marked, and more precioni lo 1
than ever.
She had no sooner made known that her western li
was finished, than she was summuned to the ptUcj
where her majesty deigned to receive h«r witli '
But Mr. Greville, I
IHitd'Klor, he now
Itntk as tlmt oce.uri
hiihej; so querulous
jilUnck la his perilou'
I" supercilious witlio
brl of dignified disti
JBiteml disdain.
I Tk world seemed
Itllcn gentleman ; am
IsMification, from aii
MF.MOIRS OF DH. nniNRV.
snri
ig exiircwiiun of l.n
obligi'd, inslcail oi
psyiii;; liir liircwel!.
iKljoiiiini; windcm-, i„ I
ilni'hH tliat she alMo |
nc, Dr. Uiimpy itfi. 1
c most cliirriiL); \fn.
to liuil and [iropiijiie
Its and wishes Ibr u* I
iirod ill U|)on llic doc. I
imhua ncyiioMs, ami I
B, and Seward, ►taritd I
HlKin tliis ri'MitutM, I
; no iniburd Imc Inn I
cliunijc of nctnp jnd |
change more fulai.
and joined not, Wkk. \
hicli till' dmior inijihl I
K-arani'c uf his imlid I
circlcH of which Mi.f
rst ornament,
as will ns inlercstinf, |
liroof, the ItiiidiiKs
even in |>olitics, whtil
and excitement of pub. I
[?ed, waa hia gniuintl
• any wnrp so otlninvtl
ng to subject tlie o|iiii.|
tratcd liy the fiillowiii||
me ai)olofy from Ur.l
Ic, nt a Wi'slminsliTl
ic partjr tliat were can.!
e.
my sincere thanks foi|
elativu to your londw
ociiunintcd wilh yoi
know thot every thin;
Ml. • • • (iod forbiil
^1 arc, should be miile
IMjiitic*, when cti
that the higher part
ends wc have in tick 9
to mc ; but if you liil
in my power— a» il i
on you, I hope jou i
ring tliem, in order iJ
S-, to a painful and am
It your senlimenla *ill
'Our friends ; and tliil
in the excess of »hi^
a languid and insuffi
Jed entirely at Chfkn^
lurn so jK-rfectly to bil
13 years afterwardj, bJ
tnni the ground floorll
[in that lotty edifice, b*
lot' his abode,
liow his anxiety for i.l
rest. She looked il"
ir was clearly not on
Icaltli injured, llial sn
Irinally advised f* to
Illy zcalons friend, Mif
t charge of the eier
fto the west wai und(
IcccssfuUy tried: «4
5 in gentle travellinf
1 invalid to her family
Jctcd this double rcstcit
J gave her, then, « lu|
I doctor allowed her W
lly in his study; tli<|
Ipared notes, comnranl
|i other's employnmj
1 her late danger «r
] more precioni to '
J that her western t
Imimed to the pil«^
Trcccive h«r v'Hh '
|i«l»'st grace ot" coifdesceiKiioii ; and to keep her in
JiiijIikI dixcourse, with the wiiiic noble trust in lirr
fii'hilil allnclimeiit, that had unitonnly marked cu i \
(jjilidiiitv during lier royal re.-iidrncc. Kacli of tin
iiii.'lile princesses honoured her with a separate inter.
!„ ■ iviu;j wilh each other in kindly lively rxpressii>n»
I 09a he'' restored looks and ap|ii-arance : and the king,
l),i"rraci<>us king himself, vonehs,'iii'il, with an uir llic
jiM benevolent, not alunc ot" goodness, but even of
,1 L'iiiri', to iiiipiirc after her health, to rejoice in ili iin-
M'lni'Ut, and to declare, coiidcseendingly, re|iealiill
I loJiTJjri', how glad he was to sen her again, lie even
iiiiiii' Ixr litund under a lustre, that he might examine
^ r countenance, lieforo he pronounced hiinsult' satisfied
I ,|,|| hor recovery.
.\iiil, friini that time forward, upon her every Hiibsc-
I oui'iil ailriiission, the graciousness of her reception
biaiiili'il with tlic blandest joy trom her own heart to
I thai of llic doctor.
IIISTOllY OF MUSIC.
.V.itl) bre.ik into the little history which mcnt.ally,
diiriii; tlie last live years, had almost absorlicd Dr.
Biriu'V,un mention has bc^en made of a personal event
I w'u liiiwl' nioinent to his |)eace ns to his fame ; namely,
I iVpiblication, in I78i), of the third volume of his History
if M isii' i nor tliat, before the end of the same yeor, he
I iiul llio brain-relieving satisfaction of completing his long
I impending work, by bringing out tho fourth and last
I tlrlUUll'.
Il jcciiind to him a sort of regeneration to feel frcc-
im restored to his rcHections, and lilierty to his use of
Itaio, by arriving at the close of this literary labour;
I tiiii-li, ilinugli in its origin voluntary, had of late become
lii;raly lliti:;iiing, bi^causo shackled by an engagement,
I mil ilicreforc obligatory.
1791.
Thr life of Dr. Biirnoy was now almost equally dis-
|lnb'iU:d in literary, professional, and uinieal divisions.
la literature, his time, ostensibly, was liecome his own ;
llijl never was time less so than when put into his own
IUj; fur his eagerness was without cither curb or
I liK lo devote it to some new i»i!"-u:t. And scarcely
I ytlut clastic bound of renovated youth, of which he
|i|wHto .Mr. Repton, been capered, than a fresh, yet
lidoalary occupation, drove his newly-restored leisure
lifiv, and opened a course of bookish and critical toil,
lllitsoon seized again upon every spare moment. This
Ifu constituting himself a member amongst the .Monthly
lllcticwcrs, under the editorship of the worthy .Mr. Urill
Oi' the articles which were Dr. Burnoy's, no list has
|i«ati>uud; and probably none was kept. Tlie ardour
111' sincerity in pointing out faults and f^iilures, is so apt
IhW to a similar ardour of severity in their censure,
lllat, in those days, when the critics were not, wisely,
luoaymous, the secret and passive war of books and
Itiiii among authors, menaced the more public and tu.
laaltuous one of ewords and pistols.
Tlio unfortunate, but truly amiable and high-minded
111'. Bocklbrd was amongst the greatest favourites and
Iso-t wclciniio visiters to Dr. Burncy ; whose remcm-
llnncc of tlie friendly zoal of that gentleman in Italy,
Insa never failing call for every soothing return that
Inilil be olTered to him in the calamilicH which, roughly
lalriiiiinusly, had now changed his whole situation in life
l-bvlng his virtues ulonc unalterable.
1 Tlic tivo Wesleys, Charles and S.-iinucI, those Imrn ra-
llkei than bred musicians, sought, and were welcomed by
IliKioctor, whenever his leisure agreed with his cstiina-
llaiof their talents. With Samuel he was oiVen in niu.
il correspondence.
Horace Walpole invariably delighted in the society of
I^.I!.lrncy; and hail himself no admirer who carried
Ifciailiis cjjinpany and conversation a larger or more
|ninl porlioii of his lordship's bon mots ; or who had a
kijher taste lor his {leculiur style of entertainment
MR. CREVILLG.
i Mr. Gr<?villc, the old friend and early patron of
■ikfiictor, he now never saw, save by accident; anrl
■nrfly as that occurred, it was otlcncr than could he
■tisliod; so querulous was that gentleman grown, from
■ilUnckin his perilous pursuits; so irascible within, and
■losiipcrcilioua without; assuming to all around him a
letofdijniKed distance, tliat bordered, at least, upon
■mtersal disdain.
1 The world seemed completely in docadenoo with this
■tlien i;entleman ; and the writhings of long sufTocated
■wuficalion, from sinking his fine spirits and sickening
his gny hopes, iM'iran to engender a innrbid irritation,
that was ready, upiui every lancied provocation, to boil
into vehemence oi' passion, or burst into tlie bitteriicsH of
iicastie repi'oacli.
.So lorpiii was tho infatuation of sclCsecurity in Mr.
tirevillf, lliat iMrlinni ioiisly he l'rei|ueiiled the same se-
ilnctive linunts, and mrehanieally adhered to the same
(1,1 il "I runs society, till Hie knowledge of his errors and
tliiir ijii'ti liief was I'oretd n|Hin him by his creditors.
Angered ami ilisc'isled, he then, in gloomy Kulhnness,
retired from piii>li( view ; and lived a rambling, unsettled
'il of life, as ill at ease wilh his I'umilv as wilh the
wiirlil, I'riiin thr wounds he haliitiially intlieted, and oc-
caKionaliy -ulVcnd, through the irritability of his argu-
ineiitative euiiiiiieree.
3II(. .\N1) MRS. SIir.RIIJAX.
-Another of the doctor's brightest calls to hijli and
aniinaled society was now, also, ulli riy ecliiised; for
she, the loveliest of the lovely, the ^lr^t Mrs. Sheridan,
was fading away — vanishing — t'rom the list of his fair
enchantresses.
This paragon of syrens, by almost universal and iia-
tioiial consent, had been looked up to, when she sang nt
oratorios and at concerts, as the star of harmony in Kng-
land : though so short was that eclat of snpr iiiacy, lliat,
from the date of her marriage, her claim to such pre-
eminence was known to the puldic only by rcniembrance
or by rumour; Mr. SSheriilan, her husband, inexorably re.
nonncing all similar engagements, and only at his own
house surt'ering her to sing.
Far happier had it been t'or that captivating and beau-
tit'ul creature, for happier lor her eniinent and highly
talented husband, had the appropriate fame that iKlonged
equally to the birth, education, and extraordinary abilities
ot' iKjth, been adequate to their pride of cxiKjctalion : for
then, glowing with rational and modest, not burning
with inordinate and eccentric ambition, they would not
disdainriilly — almost madly — have cast away t'rom their
serious and real service the brilliant gifts of favouring
nature, which, if seasonably brought forth, would have
opened to tliein, without struggle or dilHcuhy, the golden
iwrtulsof that splendour to which their passion fbrgran-
ileur and enjoyment throbbingly u-spired.
Ihil from these brilliant gitis, as instruments of advan-
tage, they turned captiously aside; as if the exquisite
|K)wers, vocal and dramatic, which were severally in.
trusted to their charge, had been qualities thot, in any
view of utility, they ought to shrink from wilh secrecy
and shame.
Yet Dr. Uiirncy always believed Mrs. Sheridan herself
to be inherently pure in her mind, and elegantly simple
in her taste ; though first from the magnetism of affec-
lion, and next lioni the force of circumstances, she was
ilruwii into the same vertex of dissipation and cxtrava
gance, in which the desires and pursuits of her husband
unresisfedly rolled.
Every thing, save rank and place, was theirs ; every
thing, therefore, save rank and place, seemed bcncatli
their aim.
If, in withdrawing his fair partner from public life, the
virtues of moderation had bestowed contentment u|)on
their retreat, how dignified had been such a preference,
to all the affluence attendant upon a publicity demand
ing personal exhibition i'rom a delicate and sensitive fe-
male !
Such was the light in which this act of Mr. Sheridan,
upon its early adoption, had ap|)eared to Dr. Johnson ;
and as such it obtained the high sanction of his appro-
bation.* But to no such view was the subsequent con-
duct of tliia too asjiiring and enchanting couple respond-
ent. Tliey assumed the expenses of wealth, while they
disclaimed the remuneration of talents ; and they indulg-
ed in the luxuries of splendour, by resources not their
own.
Not such, had ho lived to witness the result, hod been
the sanction of Dr. Johnson. He had regarded the re-
tirement from public exhibition as a measure of primitive
temperance nnd philosophic virtue. The last of men
was Dr. Johnson tn have abetted squandering the deli-
cacy of integrity, by nullifying the labonrs of talents.
The unhappy delusion into which this high-wrought
nnd mis-placed self-apprcciution betrayed them, finished
its fatal fanaticism by dimming their celebrity, mocking
their ambition, and hurling into disorder and ruin their
fortune, their reputation, their virtues, and their genius.
At the head of the female worthies, who gratified Dr.
Burney with eager good wishes on the return of the
memorialist, stmKl Mrs. Montague. And still the ho-
Sco Mr. .Moore's Life of Sheridan.
nourable corps was upheld by .Mrs. Hoseaweii, Mrs. Car-
ter, .Mrs. ( °lia|Hiiie, M rs. ( larriek, and .M iss More — though,
alas, the laKtimntioned lady is now the only one of that
distinguished set still spared to the world.
SIR JOXIir.V RI^VNOI.DS.
Hut tt catastrophe of the most sorrowing sort soon af-
terwards cast a shade of saddest line upon this happy
and promising period, by the death of the friend to
whom, after his many deprivations. Dr. Iliirney had owed
his greatest share of pleasure and animation — Sir Joshua
licMllllds.
Deeply this loss aft'eeted his spirits. Sir Joshua was
the last of the new circle with whom his intimacy had
iiicllowxl into jiosilive friendsliip. And tlinngh with
many, and indeed with most of the literary 1 liib, a eun-
neeliiui was gr.idiially inereasiiig wliicli iniylit lead to
llin; lii'art-expaiiding interest in life, I'riendsliip, — to part
with what we possess while what we w isli is of uncirlain
attainment, leaves a chasm in the fellings of a man of
taste and selection, that he is long nearly us unwilling as
lie may be unable to re-occupy.
With .Mr. Biirkc, indeed, with the immortal Edmund
Hiirke, Dr. Ihirney might have been ns closely united in
heart us he was charmed in intellect, had cireumftaiices
offered time and opportunity for the cultivation of inti-
macy. Political dissimilarity of reiitimcnt does not ne-
cessarily sunder those who, in other imiiits, are drawn
together by congeniality of worth ; except where their
walk in lil'e comiK'ls them to confront each other witli
public rivalry-
Hut Mr. Uurkc, in whose composition imagination
wos the leading feature, had so genuine a love of rural
lil'e and rural scenery, that he seldom came voluntarily
to the metropolis but upon parUnmentary business ; and
then the whole powers of his ardent mind were absorlicd
by politics, or jiolitical connections: while Sir Joshua,
whose eipianimity of temper kept his imagination under
control, and whose art was us much the happiness as it
was the pride of his prosjierity, finding London the seat
of his glory, judiciously determined to make it that of
his contentment. His loss, therefore, to Dr. Burney,
was not only that of an admired friend, witli whom emu-
lously he might reciprocate and enlighten ideas ; but,
also, of that charm to current life tlic most soothing to
its cures, a congenial companion always at hand.
And more particularly was he nfl'ected at this time by
tlic departure of this valuable friend, from tlic circum-
stance of having just brought to bear the return home of
tlie memorialist, for which Sir Joshua, previously to a
paralytic attack, had been the most eager and incessant
pleader. 'I'he doctor, therelbre, had looked forward with
the gayest gratification to the renewal of those meetings
which, alike to himself,' to his daughter, and to the
knight, had invariably been productive of glee and plea-
sure.
But gone, ere arrived that renewal, was the power of
its enjoyment I -\ meeting, indeed, took place, and with
unalterable friendship on both sides. Immediately after
the w. stern tour. Dr. Burncy carried tlie memorialist
to Iicicester-square ; first mounting to the drawing-room
himself, to enquire whether Sir Joshua were well enough
tor her admission. Assent was immediate ; and she felt
a sprightly renovation of strength in again ascending
his stairs.
Miss Palmer came forward to receive her with warm
greeting cordiality ; but she rapidly hastened onward to
shake hands with Sir Joshua. He was now all but quito
bluid. Ho had a green bandage over one eye, nnd
the other was shaded by a green hal'' honnet. He
was playing at cards with Mr. William Burke, and some
otlicrs. He attempted to rise, to welcome a long lost fa-
vouritc ; but found himself too weak. He was even af-
feetingly kind to her, but serious almost to melancholy.
" I am very glad, indeed," he emphatically said, though
in a meek voice, and with a dejected accent, " to see you
again ! and I wish I could see you better ! But I have
only one eye now, — and hardly tliat !"
She was extremely touched ; and knew not how to ex-
press either her concern for his altered situation since
they had last met, or lier joy at being witli him ogain ;
or her gratitude for the earnest exertions he had made to
spur Dr. Burney to the step that had been taken.
The doctor, perceiving the emotion she both felt and
caused, hurried her away. And once more only she ever
saw the English Raphael again. And then he was still
more deeply depressed : though Miss Palmer good-liu>
mourcdly drew a smile from him, by guily exclaiming,
" Do pray, now, uncle, ask Miss Burney to write another
book directly ! for we have almost finished Cecilia again
— and this is our sixth reading of it !"
I.
* ■
'I-
I
i;
.j'V-
■''^4^11
*'. ..i''<vi!i' '45
:;.tMi,
396
MEMOIRS OF DR. UURNEY.
The litile occiiiiatioii, Mi»s I'almir said, of which Sir
Josliua was lliuii capahlc, was carorully iliisliny^ the
|iaintinjrs in his piutnro galliry, and phiciiig them in dil-
ll'ri'nt |)oints of view.
'I'his passid at till' conchisinn ot' 17!)1 ; on iho Fih-
ruary ot' thu tbllnwiiiir year, tliis friend, t'<iually amiable
and eminent, was no more I
Dr. liurney, extremely unwell at that period himselt',
could not attend the limeral ; which, inuler the direction
ot" Mr. Burke, the chief executor, was conducted with
the splendour due to the ^renins, and suitable to the for-
tune, of the departed. Dr. t'harles liurney was invited
in the place of iii.'i lather, and attended at the ubse(|uies
for both.
MK. HAVES.
Another last separation, lonir inenaclnfr, yet truly
grievous to the doctor, was now almost momentarily
impendinji'. Ills ^n)od, i;ay-hearti'il, and talented old
friend, ,\Ir. Hayes, had had a ni'W ]>:iralylic sciruri',
which, in the w ords of Pr. Hiirn<y, " deprived him of
the use of one side, and greatly atlectcd his speech, eyes
and ears ; tlioni;li his faculties were still as ^'ood and
us sound as his heart."
This account had been addresseil, thn i)rcoedin{j year,
to (ieorpc Karl of Drtord, by desire of the poor invalid.
Pitiable as was this s|K'cies of existence, Mr. Hayes
long linjrered in it, with a patience and cheerfidness that
kept liim still o|H'n to the kind otlices, as well as to the
compassion of his triciids : and Dr. Uurney held a rejrular
corres|)ondence with Lord Ort'ord upon this subject, till
it ceased with a calamitous catastroplie ; not such as was
daily ex|H'cteu to the ancient invalid, thoujrh then bed-
ridden, aiul past eijihly years of nge, but to the earl liim-
tielf, from an attack of insanity.
EARL OF ORFOKU.
This was a new grief. Lord Drford had Iwcn not only
nn early patron, but a familiar frieiul of the doctor,
during the whole of his sojourn in Norl'olk.
This truly liberal, though, as has been acknowledged,
not taultless nobleman, attached himself to all that was
literary or scientilic that came within reach of his kind-
ness at Haughtun Hall; yet without snil'ering this
intellectual hospitality to abridge any of the magniticence
of the calls of tail kindred aristocracy, which belonged
lo his rank and fortune. His high appreciation of Mr.
Bcwley has been aireaily mentioned; and his value of
the ninatc, tliough unvarnished worth of .Air. Hayes,
sprang from the s.ine genuine sense of intrinsic merit.
Nearly in the meridian of liis lite. Lord Orl'ord had
been atllicttd with a sei/.ure of madness, occasioned by
an unrellccting applieation of some rrpelling plaster or
lotion to an eruptiun on the tiirehead, :hat had broken
out just before one of the birth-days of the king, upon
which, as his lordship was then tlrst lord of the bedeham-
l»er in waiting, his attendance at St. Junes' had seemed
indis|>onsable.
This terrible malady, allcr rciK-ated partial recoveries,
and disappointing relapses, had ap|H'ared to 1h: tinally
cured by l!ie same gil\ed medical man who blessedly haii
restored his sovereign lo the nation. Dr. Willis, lionl
Orliird, from that happy lucid interval, resided chlelly ut
Ereswell, his favorite villa. And here, oine iimre. Dr.
Uurney had had the ccirdial pleasure of passing a lew
days with this noble friend ; who dilighted to resort to
that retirement from the grandeur and tumult of Haughtun
Hall.
it had b»'en nineteen years since lliey hud met; and
the tlow iif conviTsation, from emlless reminiscences,
kept them up nciirly all the lirst night ol'thls visit. ,\nd
Dr. Uurney declared that he had then found his lordship's
head as clear, his heart as kind, and his converse as
pleasing, as at any |K'rii>d of their early inlcreourse.
Thi^ relapse, by wliieh, not three weeks atler this
meeting, llu^ earl again lost his senses, liad two cnrreni
reports lor ils eansr: Ihi' tir-t of winch ga\e it to a tiill
from his horse; Ihe seeond to the sudden death of .Mrs.
Turk, his erst love ly I'ally ; " to w honi," says Ihe doctor
in a letter, alter his Kreswi 11 visit, that was addressed In
Mrs. I'lulhps, "he was more attaehnl than ever, I'roni
her fuithfiil niid ntVeetlonate attnndanee upon him during
the lung «ua.so>i of Ins iiisanily ; lh< ugh. wl this time, she
wua be'jiiie a fat and ralliei course old w iiniaii."
Mil. IIIHKl:.
lJ|>on the piihlii ation of Ihe eilrbraled treatise of Mr.
Uurke on the o|h iiiiig of the rreneh ri volution, Dr.
Uurney hnd felt re-wnkencd nil his lirst imqiialilied ad-
miration of its RUlhor, from a Adl conviction that error,
wholly IVer IVom malvvulciiee, had iinpcllcd nliku his
violence in the prosecution of Mr. Hastings, and his
assertions upon the incurability of thu malady of Uie
king : while a patriotism, superior lo all parly leeling,
and above all considerations but Ihe love of his country,
had inspired every sentence of the immortal oratorio his
new work.
The doctor had interchanged some billets with -Air.
Ilurkc upon this occasion ; and oiieu or twice tiny had
met; but only in largo companies. This the doctor
lamented to -Airs. Crewe ; who promised tliat, if he would
spend three or four days ot her Hampstead little villa,
she wuulil engage tor his passing one of them with .Air.
liurke; though she should make, she added, her own
tcriiis ; namely, "that you are ucconipanied, .Air. itoctor,
by .Aliss liurney."
Ciladly the invitation and the condition were accepted ;
and the editor hopes to be pardoned, if again she spare
liersell' the toil of reeoniuiittiiig to pa|H-r an account ol
this melting, by copying one written at the inoinent lo
her sister Susanna. Egotistic in part it must inoitalily
be ; yet not, she trusts, otiinsively ; as it contains various
genuine lr;iits of .\lr. Uurke in society, that in no graver
manner than in u familiar epistle could have been de-
tailed.
"TO MRS. I'UILI.irs.
"At length, my .Susan, the re-ineeting bo long sus-
pended, with .Mr. Uurke, has taken pluee. Our dearest
father was enchanted at the pros|K ct of s|K'nding so many
hours with him ; and of pouring lorlh again and again
the rapturous delight with uliieli he reads, and studies,
and admires, the sublime new euin|)08itiou of this great
statesman.
" IJut — my satisfaction, my dear Susan, with all my
native entliusiasiii for ,AIr. liurke, was not so unniingUd.
if such u meeting, at\er iny long illness, and long se-
clusion, joined to my know ledge of his kind interest in
them, had taken place s|ieedily utler that on liiehinond
Hill, at Sir Joshua Keynulds's; where 1 beheld him with
an admiration that seemeil akin to eiichuutinciit; and
that portrayed him uU bright intelligence and gentle
amenity ; — instead of succeeding to the scenes of \\ esl-
minster Hall ; where 1 saw hiiii tiuious to accuse, — im-
placable nut to listen — and insane to vanquish! his
respiration troubled, his leatures nearly distorted, and
his eountenanee haggard \sitli banetiil animosity; while
his voice, eelioing up to the vaulted roof in treinendous
execrations, poisoned the healed air with uiiheard-ul
crimes 1 — t)hl but for lliat more recent reeolhetioii, his
sight, and the expectation ot' his kindness, would havi'
given iiie once again a joy almost ecslalic*
" Uut now, from this double rcminiseeiice, my iiiiiid,
my ideas — dis'.urbed us much as delighted — were in u
sort of chaos; they could cuulescu iieillier with pleasure
nor with pain.
"Our dear father was saved all such conllicting per-
pli'xity, as he in ver attended the trial ; and how faint are
the iniprcssious of re|iort, compared with those that are
produced by w hat we ex|ieriente or » itiiess I He was
nut, therel(>re, like me, harassed by the continual inward
i|Uestioii : " shall I see once more that noble physiognomv
I lull, erst, so f.isi mated my laney .' or, am 1 dounied to
behold ho eoni|iletely it Is expression, not tiatnri that
stamps the liuni.in eountenanee u|Nin bmnaii Mew .''
"The little \illaal llainpsteud Is small, but commo-
dious. We were r<<eived by .Airs. Crcwi' with gieut
kiiiiliR'ss, which y<ai will easily bclie\e was the lust tiling
lo surprise us. Hit son was with her; a silent and re-
sir\iil, but, I think, srnsililc young man, though liMikiiig
— no blooming is she still — rather like lu r brotlii r than
her sou. He is preparing to go lo China with Lord
Alacartney. Her daughter ue had ourselves brought
from town, wliue she had Ihch <in u visit to the lu\tly
Kiiiily Ogihie, at the Ihiehess Dowager of Leinsler's.
.She, Ali'-s Crev\e, is iH-eome an intelligent nrnl ainiabli'
adoU'scent ; but so modest, that 1 iie\er heard her im-
courted voice. .
" Air, liurke wu» not yet arrived; but yoiinir Uurke,
*Thc editor cannot hero refuse lierstlf the nulisfucVion
of inserting a remarkable s|h'ccIi, iIiuI was iiiude to her
by a prolessionally ex|M'rienced physiogiiomisl, llie Kit
I'lioinus Willis, u|Hin oljMrving ^^r. Uurke, aller he had
spoken lo hir one ilay in NNeslminster Hull: "(live me
h:i\e lo ask — who was that you wi re eonversing with
just now?" "Air. Unrkel" "Is that |Hwsible ' — Can
a niiin who seeks by kvkhv means, not only Ihe oinions
and till' fair, but Ihe most olwiure uiid irrelevant, to pro.
Mcciile lo infamy and ptTsecutr tu death — havu ■ cuuiile-
nnnre of such marked honesty ' Kvery line of liiii liirr
ilenotes honour and probity '."
who, when I lived in the midst of tliingi, was nlinosi I
always at my side, like my shadow, wherever wt un', I
though never obtrusively, was the lirst person I saw. i |
felt very glad to r<'new our old aequainlancc ; but 1 soon
|K,rceived a strangeness in his Ikjw, that murkeu a ilctiilii!
change from fervent amity to cold civility.
" 'jhis hurt me much for this very estimable ynun'r
man; but alarmed me ten thousand times inure lorliul
tiither, whose benevolent iK!rsoiial partiality — blaniu liun I
as 1 may for one or two public acts — 1 could not lurim I
without the ueutest mortilicalion, pain, and sorrow. I
" liul it now oppressively occurred to iiic,that inrhsM I
young Mr. Uurke, studiously as in whatever is iwliliul I
1 always keep in the back ground, hud discoveriil en 1
antipathy lo the state trial; for though I lilt salis|i('()|
tliut .Air. Windhaui, to whom so oiKuly 1 had revcayl
it, hud held sacred, as he had promised, my secrrt— iir I
how could honour anil Mr. Windhaui be separatai-l
young liurke, who was always in the niaiiiigcr»' li,,i,|
must unavoidably have observed how frei|uentlv .M- |
Windham came to converse with inc from Ilie rriiil
chainlx.'rlaiii's; and might even, perhaps, have so litijl
placed, at times, in the House of Commons' partition asl
to overhear iny unrestrained wishes for the failure ni'l
the prosecution, from my belief in its injuslice— and ii'l
so, how greatly must he have been ottt'iidcd t'or lujl
reverenced father I to whom, also, ho might, perliaiis,!
have made known my sentiments! I
"This iv^eu demolished in a moment all mylicpoo.
pkasure in the visit; and I became more uiicuiiil'orlaliIe|
than 1 can describe,
" Our dear father did not perceive my (llslurbance
.-Vlways wisely alive to the present inonient, Im wul
occupied exclusively willi young Mr. Crewe, tttllicnicl
tioii of our fair hostess; who, after imniiug Lord .Manr|.l
iiey's embas.sy, said: "Come, Dr. Uurney, you, \vii(i|
know every thing, come undtell us uU about ciiiiia.'
"Soon allcr entered Mrs. Uurke, who revived inmtl
some better hopes ; lor she was just the saine as I liavef
always seen her; sort, serene, reasonable, seiisibli , andl
obliging ; and we met, I think upon just us good liriusl
us it' so many years had not parted us. r
" Next ap|)eared — for all the family inhabit, at frmnlJ
some si>ot ut llumpstead — Mr. Kieliurd Hurkc, iliil
original, humorous, llashing, and entertaining lirotiinl
of riiK Uurke, whom we have so ortcn met, but wlioiiivJ
have never liked, or, at least, understood well taiintlilJ
ussociule with for himself: nor yet liked ill rmiugiilJ
shirk when we liuve met him vvitli others. Kruni liiini
could develop nothing of my great point of iiii|ujttuilM
i. c. how I stood with his greut brother ; tiir I hi ]J
iiiyscif into a place, in my old wuy, in the back pninnJ
with Miss Crewe, Miss French, u lively niece ol .Vrl
llnrke's, and a very pleasing Miss Townsliend; anil .%!
K. Uurke did not recollect, or, probably, see iiii. Bif
iny fullier, iinmedialely leaving young C'rewe, and U
.Macartney, and the whole empire of China in tliv luiclij
darted forward to expatiate with Mr. Uiehard \i\ml
brother's nobi'.' essay,
"At length — Mr. Uurke himsilfwas aniinuncod, in|
iiiude hisap|K<urane(i ; uccoinpaniid by Ihe tall, kiTiu\i
.Air. Elliot, one of the twelvi munagers of the iiii|ji«li(
iiieiit; and a favourite friend of Mr. Windliaiii's.
" 'Ihe moment .Air. Uurke bail paid his d< volra In Mn
Crewe, he turned round to shake hands, willi nn airlM
most cordial, with my father; who, proud of bin aliimlrl
accepted the greeting with evident delight. T
" 1 thought this llie happiest chance liir nlitainini; Idj
notice, and I arose, though with ii strong inward titiiKLi
and venturiil tu make him u courtesy ; but wlKnuiill
my dear >Siisaii, when he reliinied mc the iiiofI iIdUiJ
Ikiw, w illiout s|H'aking or advam ing ? — tliou){h mur n
had I seen him, that he had iml made up to mr (ill
eager, nay, kind vivacity! nor Ihcii any whirr nil(4
that he had not taken u place nixl mine !
"(Jrieved I tilt — O how j.'iieved and ninrlirird!
only at the Kiss ut' so noble a li iend, but at tlir tlinai
of having given pain and oll'encc lo one from nticml
had reel ivcd so much favour, and to V lioiii I omilif
much honour! and who, till those two dtuillv WJ
to Ills tiiir fume, the imsiibslanlialed charges iijiin'l Ml
Hastings, and the baneful dennnelntion of llir iiuif'l
ineurability. had appeared lo me of n iiiitmr aimlnf
in purity of li cling as in energy of geiiiu*.
" W bile I hcsiliii. li,— all sad williin— wlHllirrtntfiiil
lo my retreat in the back ground, or to alnilr »ln'|
stiHid, oin ously seeking to move his rclurninc kiml™
Airs. Crewe niiddi iilv said,' I don't think 1 Wc inli^
duccil Mr. Elliot to l\liu Hurnny !'
" Mr. Klliol and 1 wrrr certainly no ttringfri to «'!
othcT'a faces, mi ollcn had I srni him in llic niiaipy
itiRMoms oi' an. dim!nev.
397
)t' tliiiifr;-, Was almost |
iw, whcrovcr we nm^
lirst porsoii 1 saw. [ 1
uaintuiice ; bui 1 soon I
llmt murki'u a iltciilt,; i
civility,
very cstimaUe younir I
lid limes mote lor lilj
partialily— bliiiiu. |i,m i
ts — 1 could not I'urliii I
pain, and sorruw.
•ed to me, that pirliap, I
u wliateveris iwliliul
id, hud dincovirod my |
thou(rli 1 I'elt salistii'd I
oiK'nly I had reiialid I
jniised, my Kecrol— ii,r|
dliuni be separated - i
in the managers' Ixi,]
I how tVe(iueiit!y Mr
i\ me frnm thu grtiil
perhaps, have so btn
i:oninions' partition, asl
islies for tlic tiiilurdt'l
in its injustice— and ii'l
been otl'eiided lor Ins I
io, lie might, piTlia|s,|
i! I
nomcnt all my hopr ofl
lue more uncuinlortiiblel
rccivc my dislurliancf.
Kent moiiieiil, tic wu|
Mr. I'rewe, at tlicn
r naniiii^ liord .Macjrt.l
Ur. liurney, you, uhgl
us all about China.'
ke, who revived in mtl
just the same as I liaiel
cusonahle, seiisiUr, indl
ipou just as good titmil
ed us.
imily inlinliil, at (irmnlJ
. Kiehard Ilurkc, lliii
lid entertaining brotiuil
ol\en met, but wliomitJ
derstood well ciimi^lilJ
yet liked ill iiiuu^litJ
til others. From liiiiif
leut point 111' iii<{uitliid«l
ruther ; lor I bad }m
ay, in the Imek fronndT
, u lively iiieic ol .Mrl
s 'rownsheiiil land ^Irr
mliably, sie int. Bull
oiiiig i'rewe, and 1/rl
nl' China iiitlie lu[cli|
Mr. Uieliurd u|>omL
iir wn« nnnnunccd, inJ
l( d hy the tall, kifnjui
lungers of llu; ini(iiiic'ln
llr. Wiiidhain's.
I|mid his di vdirs to Mn
hands, wllli nn oirlli^
I, proud of liisulaitiiil
lit delight.
Thaiiee liir iililiiinini; m
Utrong inward Iri'iiioiiJ
ftesy i but wbirt «iif
d me the niofl duW
ig ! — though nnrrt'
made up to ino
lieeii any hIhic «iH
it iiiine '.
1(1 and niorlilird:
•lid, but at llii' ll»«|l
[•(' to one iVoin «li(«|
d to vhoMi I onuli
iise two diadly l«i|l'^
led eInirgesuiiin'iMil
Ineiatioii of Ik kiitl
of u iiuluii' «» i"H
If gcniii*.
Illiiii— whithrrlMftuI
Jill, or lonliidriilirtfj
IhiK reluriiinii kmil""
lii't think 1 linn i""
I,
ly no itringfri t» "J
1 him in tlif roiniCT
■ iioar-sighled, considerably, even than my father or
If. ' .Miss Burncy !' in a tone of vivacity and sur-
, J ivhciicc so often lie must have seen nic in the great
I T,|,iberlain'8;but a slight bow anil courtesy had Imrdly
'jij to be exchanged between us— for the moment 1
„. named, imagine my joy, my Susan, my inHiiite joy,
loliiid that Mr. IJurkc had not recollected me! He is
I more
.^,1|-. ' .Miss Uurncy
,is.> he now exclaimed, coming instantly, courteously,
Li smilingly forward, oiid taking my willing hand,
.^iJIdidnot see— (lid not know you'.' And then, again,
jBi'iiic my increasing joy, aller this false alarm, to
vir'liini niter words that were all sweetness and aiiiia-
bilili-, upon his pleasure on our rc-nieeting !
"I h.id sn mournfully given up all hope of siicli sounds.
All I V''^ almost reorganised hy the sudden transition
I f,„m lUieclioii to delight : and I felt a glow; the most
v.u.i li"s''' '" '"y <^''"-'^''^'' "'"' '">' "''"'e face.^ Mr.
Burkf, not aware of the emotion he himself had
auicci, from not having distinguished me before its
xralioii, took the colour for re-established health, and
I ikc iiir "1" gaiety for regenerated vigour ; and begun to
pour forth the most fervent expressions of sutisfaetioii at
niv restoration. ' You look,' cried he, ' still allectionalely
holJinir my hand, while benignly he fi.\ed his investigating
iU|Hin'myfacp,'(iuite — renewed!— rivivrU: — inshorl,
\l„„jrajred! You seemed, when I conversed with yon
last, at the trial, iiuile — ' He paused for a word, and
tkoii liiiished with, ' (juitc atlered !—l never saw Buch a
I chanec for the better I'
"Ah, Mr. Uurke, thought I, this is simply a mistake
I from judging by your own feelings. I seemed altered
I lor lliL' worse at the trial, because 1 there looked coldly
ddisUintly from distaste and disupprobutioii ; and I
I titrc lixik changed for the better, because I here meet
I ton with the rekindling animation of my first devotion
lio vour incompurahle genius. For never, my dear
Isjian, can I Mieve .Mr. Burke to lie either wilfully or
I (onscioiisly wrong. 1 am |iersuaded, on the contrary
llial Lis intentions are always pure: and that the two
ulil transgressions wliich despoiled him of his supremacy
of |«'rr(tlion, were both the wayward produce of that
I unairamtable and inexplicable occasional warp, which,
I msMio or other unexpected instance, is sure, sooner or
I hlir, If) betray an Hibernian origin; even in the iiiost
I iiinsivndiinl geniuses that spring from the land of Krin.
")lrs. .'rewi' now made mc take a seat by her side on
llVsora; but, perceiving 111'' liiniestness with wliieli .Mr.
hiirki was talking to iiie — and the grulifavition he was
Ipiiiijbi his hearer, — she smilingly rose, and Ml him
liirowa plice; which, with a little how, he very com-
l|wdK- took. He then entered into a most animated
I (»nnTsiilion, of which while I had the chief address,
I loune .Mr. Crewe was the chief object i ns it was upon
Uil .Macartney, the Chinese ex|iedition, and two Chinese
Ivmlliswlio were to ueconi|iaiiy it. These Im^ deserilad
liitli :. most anmsiiig iniiiuteness of detail: and then
lifikonrilie exient of the undertaking in high, and per-
I bp< fanciful lerins ; hut with allusions and aneeiloles
i)l>-rnii\<'il, so full of general information ami brilliant
I iJias, as happily Io enchain again my eharmed attention
linioa return ol my first enthusiasm — and with it n sen.
Itilnnof pliasiire, thai made the rest of the day delicious.
"My father stHin afterwards joined us, and jiolitics
I ui till' lead. .Mr. Burke then s|Kdte eloipienlly indeed;
! ivilh a veheineiiee that banished the graces, though
I il mloiilili'd his energies. The l''reiieli revolulion, he
I iiij, wliiili Ix'gan by legalising injustice, and which,
I h M|iicl steps, had proeeeih'd to every species of despot-
, I'supt owning a di b|mi1, was now nienaeing all
I minklnil, mid all the universe, with a diahidieal eoiieus-
wn ofnll priiu ipio and order.
"My I'alhi r, you will Ik' very sure, heurlily concurred
I m Ins opinions, and partieipated in his lerrorK. I as-
I Kiili'il lai'llly to all thai he uildressi d to me against the
I irtiiliillonaiy horrors; hut I was tuei! wilhonl assent to
hi! liars for slonl old Knglaiid. Surely with siieli a
•aiinni; liel'ore us, we cannot fall into siiiillar alroeilies.
Wf linvr, besides, so lillle, comparatively, Io re ilress !
I lliii' s|KTi'h he llieii made, thai I thoilgli hi' meant Io In'
ii|ihnal<iry of his own conduct, iiiiil nppareiil chaiigi' in
I ralliai; Mr. Kox ; ns well us in the sentiments lie has
diviiliii'il in his late hook in disfavour of demoeracy : ur
I nlliir, irrliiips, I ought Io sny of repuhlieanism.
'ArtiT I'lpaliiiting copiously and eiiergelienlly njion
llio imsinl pi'iiding dangers Io even Kiiglish liJHrly and
pr'>|«rly, and (o all organised government, from no
niiiihlMiuriiig u eoiilagion of havoc and novelty, he ah.
'"I'lly I'U'liiinied : 'This it is,— llii^ hovering in the air
oTlliis Iremeiidouii mischief, that has iiinile vr iin nlicllor
iml »a|i|mrler ofcourls and kiiij^st Monnrehn are iieces-
i'')' ir «c would prcdcrvo [loaco and pros|icrity, we
must preserve nionurchs ! We must all put oui shoulders
to the work: aye, and stoutly, too I' —
" Tlien, rising, somewhat moved, he turned suddenly
towards iiK, and repealed — ' "I'is this, — and this alone,
eimld have made .MK li ml MV shoulders to courts and to
kings'.' Here he hastily broke up the subject, and joiind
Mrs Crewe, us every body else had already done, e.vcept
Mr. Klliot; who hud stood silent and li.ved and tall,
looking all the time in one hard stare ot -Mr. Burke and
a certain sister of yours,with a sort of dry, but insatiable
curiosity. 1 attribute it to his so often seeing -Mr.
W indhuin, with whom he is very intimate, converse with
me al the trial. But whether he was pleased or dis.
pleased is all in his own bosom, as he never either smiled
or frowned. He only stood erect and ulteiitive. It was
so odd, I (ould sometimes hardly keep my countenance ;
for there was nothing bold nor rude in his look : it was
nil rely queer and eurions.
" Aiy dear father imniediately followed Mr. Burke ; as
I, if 1 had not been ashuined, should have done too! liir
when Mr. Burke is liimself — that is, in spirits, but not
in a rage, there is no turning from him to any thing or
any one else ! uiid my father, who goes ull lengths with
him on the French revidution, wua here, what 1 was at
Sir .losliuu IJey Holds', a 'rapt eiithusiusl!'
"The dinner, uiid, far more, when the servants were
dismissed, the des.sert, were delightful. How I wish my
dear Susamiu and Freedy could iiieet this wonderful
niun when he is easy, happy, and with jieople he cordially
likes ! But polities, even then, and even on his own side,
mist always be excluded ! His irritability is so terrible
upon polities, lliul they are no sooner the topic of dis-
course, than they cast uiMin his face the expression of n
man who is going to defend himself against mnrderers !
" I iimsl now give you such little detached traits as
I can recollect.
"CharU's Fox iM-ing mentioned, Mrs. Crcwo told us
that lately, upon his is iiig shown u passage upon some
siibji 1 1 that, erst, he had warmly opposed, in .Mr. Burke 's
book, but v.liieh, in tin: event, had made its own juslili-
eatioii, very candidly said : ' Well, Burke is right! — but
Bnrke is olliii right — only he is right loo soi/n ."
" ' Had Fox seen some things ill that hook,' answered
Mr. Burke, 'an soon, he woiihl at this monicnt, in ull
prohahilily, be lirst minisler of this country.'
"'What!' cried Mrs. Crewe, 'with I'itt ? No, no
I'ilt won't go out ; and Charles Fox will never make a
coalition with I'ilt.'
"'.\iid why not?' said Mr. Burke, drily, nlmost
severely; 'why not that coalition, as well us other
eoulilioi's ;"
"Nobody tried to answer this! Tho reniemlirnncc of
Mr. Fox with Lord North, Mr. I'ilt with Lord Kockiiig-
ham, iVc, rose loo forcibly to every mind ; and I'Mrs.
Crewe looki il abashed."'
"'Charles Fox, however,' said !\Ir. Burke, after ll
pause, 'can never, internally, like lliiii French revolution.
He is' — he slopped for a. word, and llieii added, ' eii-
langlid ! — but, in himselt', if he could find no other ob-
jection to it, he has, at least, loo much tosle for such a
revoliilioii.'
" Mr. Flliotl then related that he had reeenlly been in
company with some of the lirst and most dLsliiignl-^hdl
men of the French nation, now fiigilives here, iind had
asked them some c|ueslions coneerning (he new French
ministry; but they had unswered thai they knew not
one id' them, even hy iinine ! 'Think,' said he, 'what a
luinistry that iinisl be ! SiipiHise a new udininislralion
were livrined here of /','»g/i.t/i men, of whom we had
iievir heliire heard the names ' What slalesmen imisl
tliev hi' I How preparid and lilleil for government I To
begin Is ing known by Is ing at the helm !'
" .Air. Bii hard Burke thin narriiled, very coinieullv,
various censures tli.it li:id reai'hed his Ciirs upon his
brother, eoneerning liis last and most |nipolar work; uc-
ensiiig him of Iniiig the Atirllor «/' /^(.v/eifx, beeaiise he
had Ini n slioeked al tile iinprisonmenl of the king of
France! and the I'ririid of Sinn rt/, heennve he was
anxious to pieserve our own liiiiileil moiiuri hy in tJie
same stale in v\liii'li it so long had llonrished!
" Mr. Burke hud looked half alarmed al his lirnther's
o|»'niiig, not Iniowiiig, I presume, whither liis odd I'ancy
iiiight lead him; hut, when he had liiiisheil, and so in-
oireiisively, and a general laugh that was exciled was
over, he— TiiK Burke — good hinnouredly turning to me,
and pouring out n glass of wini , eried i 'Come, then,
■MisN Biiriiey ! here's n/rtcci-y/oi' ficr."
Th's was well understucd, and eihocd rijund the
lul.b'.
•"This would do for you completely, -Mr. Burke,'
cried Mrs. Crewe, luiighii.g, "if it ( (Hild but gel into n
newspaper ! .Mr. Burke, tlicy would .-ay, has now s/oAv/i
iiul : 'I'lietrnlh has come to lightine; « lollli of iri iir ! and
his real deli'ction friuii the cause of true libirly is uc
knowledged ! 1 should like,' added she, laughing iiuilo
luartily, ' Io draw np the paragriiph niysi If!'
"' I'ray then,' said .Mr. Burke, 'eomplele il hy putting
ill, that the toast was addressed to .Miss Burncy !— in
order to pay my coiirl to the (|nei'n !'
"This s|HiTt went on, till, upon Mr. F.IIiol again
mentioning FraiiK', and the rising .laeobiiis, !\Ir. liii hard
Burke, tilling !;':;; "If a bumper, and llonrisliing his left
hand, whilst preparing with his right to toss it oil', cried,
' conic! hen 's eonliision to eonliision !'
"When the parly broke np, iMr. and Mrs. Burke
joined in giving my dear father and mc a most cordial
invit.itiiui to Ueuconsliihl. Howl should delight in its
acccptar.cj 1"
P3.
■ Mr. Dnrkr, hi one of liU iiiipiihlislied lutlcru, says,
" Coalition la tlic condition of inaiikind !"
I
This happy summer excursion may be said to liuve
charmed away, for awhile, from Dr. Burncy, a species of
evil w liieli for some lime had been hovering over him, and
which wasasnew as it was inimical to his hcallli; and ns
imwdconie as, hitherto, il had been unknown to liis dis-
position ; iiumely, a slow, uiili.\ed, and nervous feverish-
iiess, which had inl'ested his whole system ; and which,
in defiance of this salubrious episode, soon rulhlessly
reliiriii(l; robbing his spirits, as well as his frame, of
eluslicily ; and casting him into a stale, the least natural
to his vigorous character, of wasteful depression.
His rei eiit mental trials had been grievous and severely
fell. The loss of his (dd and inui'li valued friend, .Mr.
Haves, and of his far more uihnin d, and almost cipiully
pri-Acd favourite. Sir .loshiia lieynolds, joined to that of
liis earlv and constantly altaelied patron, the earl of
Orford, had all been iiillieted, or been inenaeing, at tho
same lime: and u continual anxious walehfulness over
the gradual delerion.lioii of health, and decay of life, of
three sni h cherished friends, now nearly the last of early
associations — had been ill eidapted liir impeding the mis-
chief of the long and (lee|ier di,-lurhain'e eausid by tho
precarious lieulth, and singular situation, of his second
daiighler: and the ueeuinnlulion id' the whole had,
slow ly und uiiderminingly, brought him into the statu
thai has been (ieseribed.
The side employinent to which, during this morbid
interval, he could liirii liimsilf, was the dilllcnlt, tho
laborious work id' composing the most learned and re.
eondite canons and fugues ; to w hieli study and expusiliim
of his art, he eoniniilled all the activity that he could
command from his I'aligued faculties.
This distressing stale lasted, withoul relief or rcmit-
lancc, till il was suddenlv and ruddy snisTseded hy o
viideiil asfaiill of neiile riicniiialisiii ; which drove nwny
all minor or snhservient maladies, hv llie predominance
of a torturing pain tlint nearly nullilied every thing but
itself.
He was now ordered Io Bath, where Ihc waters, the
I hunge of scene, (he casually nieeling w ilh old friends,
und inciilentally I'orming new ones, so recruited his
health and his nerves, by chasing away what he called
the foul fund thai had subjugated hisanimnl spirits, that
he was soon impereeplibly restored Io his fair genial ex-
isleiiei'.
One cireiiinslanco, more potent, iwrhaps, in eirecl,
than the concurronee of every other, conlribiilcd (o (his
revivifying terminnlion, by n power that acted ns a spell
upon his iniiid ami happiness; nnmely, theenlighleniiif;
society of the iiiconiparalde Mr. Burke; who, iiinst for-
(nnntely for llie invalid, was ihen at Bulb, ivltli hi*
amiable will', Ins beloved son, and hisudiniiing brother i
and whose own good taste led liiiii to cUlm llie chiof
{Million of Dr. Biirney's roerenlivp lci«iir(». And with
Mr. Biirkc Dr. Hiirni y had every fefliiig, every thoiighl,
nay, every emolion in common, with regard tu thai lulo
topic of the limes, tlin Ftoiicli Bpvidntluii.
<:knki<.\i. i)Vviiiii..\v.
The (loop public intcrnst which Dnrlor Burnvy, whe-
ihrr an a citixeii of the wiirlil. or n sound patriot, tnoli
in the disnstniUN ■^itnalion of I'ranee, was err long d«i>
lined to goad yet morr pimgcnlly his private feelings,
from beconiing, Io some measure, |H<isonal.
Al tho eleganl maiisioii of llin liiend whose aiuht
sho le er mel but with mingled leiideinrss ind rrvc-
reiici', ^Ir, liockc, lliu doeioi's second dnughlor began
Ull iiGquuinlttnco (hut, iin|ivtiTplibljf, litd to • ounncction
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398
MEMOIIJS OF I)«. nrnMcY.
.« »^^'
of hipli esteem and geniul sympathy, that no opposition
coulil dispirit, no danger inliinidnle, and no time — that
impelling tindcrniiner ofncarly all things — could wither.
But though to the strong hold of on attachment of
which the basis is a believed oongenialily of character
nodifTiculticsare ultimately unconquerable, the obstacles
to this were more than commonly formidable, M.
d'Arblay was at that time soHitunted, that he must ]K:r-
force accompany the friend with whom he acted,
Count Louis de Narbonne, to Switzerland ; or decide to
fix his own abode permanently in England, in the only
manner which appeared desirable to him, a home con-
nection with a chosen object.
Not a rav of ho|)o opened then to point to any restor-
ation in France of order and monarchy, with liberty,
to which M, d'Arblay inviolably adiicred; and exile
from his country, his family, and his friends, seemed to
him a lot of blessedness, in comparison to joining the
murderous and rcgicidienl republic.
Dr. Unrnry, it may well lie believed, was startled,
was aHVightcd, when a proposition was made to him liir
the n>iinn of his daughter with a mined gentlejnan — a
forcignti -nn cinigrant ; but the proposition came un-
der the sanction of the wisest as well as kindest of that
daughter's friends, Mr. and Mrs. Locke, of Norbury
Park; and with the fullest sympathies of his cherished
Susanna, who already had demonstrated tlio alTeetion
and adopted the conduct, of a sister to M. d'Arblay
The doctor could not, therefore, turn from the applica-
tion implacably ; ho only hesitated, and demanded time
for consideration.
The dread of pecuniary embarrassment, secretly sti.
mulated and heightened by a latent hope and belief in a
far more advantageous connection, strongly opposed a
free and happy eon.sont to an alliance which, otherwise,
from all he heard or could gather of the merits, the
charucler. and rank in life of .AL d'Arblay, he would
have thought to use his own words, " an honour to liis
daughter, to himself, and to his family.'
Fortunately, about this time, the Pri.neo de Poix and
the C'ouilo do I, ally 'J'olendahl, wrote some letters, in
which were interspersed their personal attestations of
the fivour in which they knew .M. d'.Arblay to have
stood with Lnuis XVL; mingled with their intimate
convictton of the spotless honour, the stainless character,
and the singularly amiable disposition for which, in his
own country, M. d'.VrWay had been distinguished.
These letters with their writers' permission, were
shown to l)v, Durney; whom Ifiey so touched, nay.
cliarnied, as to conquer his prudence of resistanre ; and
at the village of .Alielileham, in the vicinity of Norbury
Park, the marriage took place.
;Mr. Locke, w'lose unerring judgment foresaw what
would make loth parlies happy, and whose ox<|iiisile
sensibility ru'ide all viiluous felicity a Ikjsoui joy lo
hiiiLself, took the responsible part of father to M. d .Vr-
blay, at the Litar, where, in tho absence of the doctor,
Captain Burney gave his sister to that gentleman : who
quickly, or rather iininedi.itely, won from his honoured
now relation, an esteeri, a kuidness, and an atVcetiun,
that nuvor afterwards tailed or f led.
Of sterner stulV than entered into the composition
of Dr. Uurney must that heart have been moulded, that
«'ould have witiiesseil the noble eoudiicl of that truly
loyal sulVerer in the calamities of his klug and iiiiintrv,
(Jeueral d'.Vrbliiy ; iiird eould have seen thoiheerrul sell',
denial with which he limited his evpendiliire to hi'-
wants, and his wants lo the mere calls of necessily ;
save where ho leared involving bis partner in his priva-
tions — ill one word, who eiuld have bidield him, nt the
opening of his married career, in the village of Book-
liam, turn instaiilly from llio iincontrulled restlessness,
and earelcss scorn of foresight, of the mvlng mililary
lilc, into a dome.itie character of the most sage descrip-
tion; lenoiiiieing all foreign pleasures; retiring from
nvpii mnrlial ambition, though it had lieen tho glory ol
Ills hojies, and the bout of his genius, wilbout a murmur,
since he n» longer thought it coalesced with honour;
for home oeeupalions, tc)r liiinily eeimomies, liir lire-side
rnjoymenls, — iind not bo struck by such manly sill,
command, such active, such practical virtue.
And while stilled by Ibis generous prudniee vere the
inward fears of Dr. Biiruey with regard lo Ibis union,
hisfiiitward and more piillie solitiliides were npiiilly
remiived, by u letter whieh bis danglili r il'.Xrblay had
the IhkIi hiUMitir and joy In receive, wi illeii by royiil
order, in answer In her respectful luliiriiialioii of her
marriage lo llie queen: containing, most benignly by
tiia own command, the |;niciou> youU wislius uf tho king
himself, joined to those of the queen and all the prin-
cesses, for her liealth and happiness,
ItR. nURKE.
And, next only to this deeply grRti''ying condescen-
sion, must be ranked for Dr. FJurney, the glowing plea-
sure with which be welcomed, and copied Icir Bookjiam,
tho cordial kindness upon this occasion of Mr. Burke.
Tho letter conveying its energetic and most singular
expression, was written to Dr. Burney by the great ora-
tor himself; and speaks first of a plan that had his full,
est approbation and most liberal aid, suggested by Mrs,
Crewe, in favour of tho French emigrant priests; from
which .Mr. Burke proceeds lo treat of the taking of Ton
Ion by Lord Hood ; and his, .'Mr. Burke's, hope of ulti-
mate success, from the pns.sessiou of that great port and
arsenal of France in the Mediterranean; after whieh he
adds :
" Besides my general wishes, tho establishment of
Madaino d'.Arblay is a matter in wliiidi I take i,o slight
interest; if I had not the greatest affection to lier vir-
lues, my admiration of her incomparable talents would
make mo desirous of an order of things wbicli would
bring forward a gentleman of who.se merits, by being
the object of her choice, I have no doubt : his choice
ofbortoo would give mc the best possible opinion of
his judgment.
"lam, with .Mrs. Burke's best regards, and all our
best wishes for you, and M. and Madame d'.\rblay, my
dear sir, Yours, &,c.
Ed.md. Burke."
The zeal of Mrs. Crewe to propitiate the cause of the
emigrant French clergy, mentioned in the letter of Mr.
Burke, induced her now to enlist as a principal aid.de-
eamp to her scheme. Dr. Burney ; who, having never
acquired that power of negation, which the world at
large seerns so generally to ims.sess, of shirking all per-
sonal applications that lead to no avenue, whi'llicr
straight or oblique, of personal advantage, immedialely
listened to her call; and thus mentions the subject in
a letter to Bookliam.
" .Mrs. Crewe, having seen at East Boiirno a great
number of venerable and umiablo French clergy, snll'or-
ing all the evils of bairislimenl and beggary with silent
resignation, has, for somo time, bad in meditation a plan
for procuring an addition to the small allowance that
the eoniniillee at the Freemason's Hall is able lo spare
from the residue of the subscriptions and briefs in their
fivnur."
Dr. Burney lost not a mninent in assisting this libe-
ral design ; in which he had iho happiness of engaging
the powerful energies of .Mr, Windham. And, soon af-
terwards, growing warmer in the business, from seeing
more ol'ihe pious sntVerers, he consented to become
honorary secretary himself lo the private snciety of the
ladies who were at the head of this charitable exertion;
of which tho .Marchioness of Buckingham wasiioiiiinut-
ed chief, at tho desire of .Mrs. Crowe.
(;i;nkii.\i- n'AKiir.AV.
>*<iicli were the exertions of Dr. Burney, such the enn-
current o.cupations of the happy new recluse, when
siuMenly a whirlwind encompassed the eotlagc of tho
latler, that involved ils tenants in tremulous disorder.
It was raised by ihn takingof Toulon, just mentioned
in the Ic'lter of .Mr. Burke; and bi'gan its working's
ii|Hiii the fiinali' hermit on the evening of a day which
h.id brightly dawned upon her, in bringing the jiinilion
of the snll'rago of her father Ujiou her pamphlet to that
of her blip's partner.
Her own aicnunt of this shock, written to I)r, Bur-
ney, will be here inserted, beiMiiiso it was preseived by
llie diietoras eliaraetrrislie of tho principles amleumlm t
of his new son-in-law,
" Hiinkhum,lVJl.
"TO im. ill RNKV.
"When I received the last lellerof my dearest father,
and liir some hours aOer, 1 was the happiest of liuimin
beings; I makn no exception, I think none iHissilile.
iN'ot a wish remained fur me — nut a thought uf forming
onol
"This was just the (H'riod — is it not always so? — for
a stroke of sorrow lo reverse Ihn whole scene! That
very evening, .M. d'Arblay eommuniiated to me IiIm
desire of re-entering the army, and — of going to Toll.
Ion I
" l[i' had inlended, upon our luartiiige, l» retire
wholly from public life. His servleesand his siiH'erings,
111 his nvvcru mililury vatour, — repaid by ixilc and cuii-
fiseation,and for ever embitlcrcd to his memory hy ||..
murder of his sovereign, had fulfilled, though not smifflpH
the claims of his conscience and his honour, and led
him, without a single self-reproach, to seek a qiiioi „..
treat in domestic society : but. — the second decliiraiim,
of Lord Hood no sooner reached this obscure luilj
dwelling; no sooner had he read the words Louis X\||
and the Constitution, to which he had s» orn, united
than his mililary ardour rekindled, his loyalty was ,|{
up in arms, and every sense of monarchical iratriuiiim
now carries him back to war and public service.
"I dare not speak of myself! — except to say tlun
have forborne to distress him by a single soliciialion
.All the felicity of that our own chosen and loicdre.
tirement, would etTeetually be annulled, by the finalltsi 1
suspicion that it was enjoyed al tho expense of any puli.
lie duly.
" Ho is now writing an offer for entering as a volui.
teer into the army destined liir 'i'oiilon ; together vnid
a list of his past services up to his becoming coiiiiiiand.
ant oI'Longwy ; and the dates of his various proimiti, ns
to the last recorded of marechaldc camp, which was jei
Misigned and unsealed, when Ihe captivity of Lim,
XVI. Ibrced tho emigration which brought Si. d'Aililaj
to England.
" This memorial he addresses, and means to convey
in person to Mr. Pilt."
To Dr. Burney, with all liia consideration for lii)
daughter, this enterprise appeared not to be inauspicious; |
and ils spirit and loyalty warmly endeared to lilin liis
new relative : who could not, however, give prool'of iho
noble verily of his sentiments and intentions, till iiuny
years later ; for before the answer of Air. Pitt to llic me.
niotial could bo returned, the attempt upon Tuuign
proved abortive.
I'hc doctor continued in his benevolent post of pn.
vato secretary to the eharitalilo ladies of the eiiiigraiil
clergy contribiiljon, H) long as Ihe coimultte la!.|i'il;
though with so expert a distriliulioii of time, ihni lim
new olfiee robbed him not of the pleasure to yctenlarjc I
the elegance of his literary circles, by being initialed ii.io
the blue parties of Liidy Luiaii, supported by hone.
eomplislied daughter. Lady Siicnccr.
MR. 5I.VS()\.
He now, also, renewed Into long and social meetings,
at his own apartments at ('lielsea College, an acquaint-
ttiiro of Ibrly-six years' standing with Mason, the |hx'1;
by whom ho was oHen consulted upon schemes of chiircli
psalmody, with respect both to il» compusition uuilrxi.
utioii ; as well as upon other disirable iin'rovonienli I
n our sacred harmony; which Mr. Mason, from prarti.
cal knowledge both of music and poetry, was |ieciiliariy
lillled til investigate and refine.
Of this liirmatioii of intimacy, rather than renewal uf I
accpiaintiiiico. Dr. Bnriiey, in his letters lo the lieraiitu,
poke with gieat pleasure; lliough, while alwiya ail.
miring the talents, and esteeming the piivate eliaracin
of that charming poet, he never lost cither his re,'rclnr
his blaino fur the Iruly unclcrical use made of his |i<i».
ers oi'wit and humour, by the insidious, yet biliiigsai-
lasii.s, li'velli d against his virtuous sovereign in the ;«.
etical epistle to Sir WilUaiii Chambers,
MU9. TIIIIAI.I': 1'I07./,I.
Chiefly elierring, how ever, and ngrii able to the doc.
lor, was an unexpeiieil ri-iiirtling with a long fiivnurile
friend, I'rolil vvhoiii he had unaviiiilably, and iiini't unpin,
sanlly, bri n si'paralnl, — .Mrs. Thrale ; whom now, fu-
tile first time, he saw as Mrs. Piotzi.
It was lit one of the ehariiiing concerts of the charm-
ng musician, Salomon, that Ibis uceui red. Dr. Ilurnry
knew not thai she was ri luriied from Italy, wbillivrvlit
had gone s|i<'idily at\er her marriage; till here, villi
iiiii'ii surprise, he perceived umungsl the audience, II
Sigimr Pioz/.i.
Appriiarbiug him, with an as|M'et of eordinlily, wliidi
was nil I with one of weli'iuiiing pleasure, tliiy iiilinJ
into talk upon the |H>rliiriiiers and the Instruiiuiits anil
till' ('ni'haiiling eoiniMisitious of llaydii. Dr. Burmy
rtirn riicpiirid, with all Ihr inlirest he most siiirerily (ill,
allrr la fiiii ointurtr. Piozzi, turning round, |Hiiiilrii In
a Hiilii.on whieh, to his infmile joy. Dr. Ihirmy bohilil
.Mrs. Thrale Piozzi, seated in the 'midst uf her iliugli.
trrs, tin- liiiir Miss Tlirabs.
His pleasure seemed riiiproealed by Mrs. Piii»«i,»li".
s|«irlivily I jaeulaling, " Hire's Dr. Burney ns young "
I'M'r!" Ill III mil to linn her hand with lively iiiiiily.
His salisl'ii lion now expandi'd into a eniivi lulinnal
galrly, llial ii|sned from Iheiii IkiIIi those ferlile neiird"
uf inieituinimnl, that uriyinnlly had rendered lliein in™'
iMI^lIOIRS OF I)R. BURNEY.
399
lill(;cl,tliouglinotgaiiff,|,|i
iiid li'iH lionuiir, und \fj
)!ieh, to Bcok a (|ui(.t „,
— llic Fccond (Icclaraiion |
died this obscure Imig
i I he words Louis XVll, i
ii he liad s«orn,uni(cij |
;ied, his loyalty was a|i
moniirchicul iratriotis^
lid pul>lic service.
!— except to say ihau
hy a single aniicilalion,
ri chosen and loicdrf.
nnulli'd, hy Ihesinalltsi
the expense of any pub.
for entering as a volm,.
'J'ouloii ; Injrelhcr \ni|,
his bccoinin)rtouimiiii(i.
if his various promuii, „,
de camp, wliioh was jfi
the cnptivily of Umi
:h brought M. d'Ai|,|,y
I, and means to contev
a consideration for liij
d not to be inausjiicioui'
Illy endeared to liim Ms
wever, give proofof lb
lid iiitPiitions, till many
er of Mr. I'itt totlieiiic.
attempt upon Toulon
benevolent poet of pn.
hiilies of the ciuigranl
( the committe la.-lcil;
utioii of lime, that Ins
I pleasure to yctonlarpc
-, by being iiiitiuli'd ii.io
n, Kiipporled by licr ac.
iiccr.
ng and social meeliiigi,
a ("iiliegc, an acquaint'
with Mason, llio ikxI;
ipoii Bchoinosof churtli
I'onipiisition uiiil r\(.
sirable imirovenifnli
Alason, from pracli.
poetry, was |pecullaiiy
ithcr than renewal uf |
liters to the liermilj,
rh, while alwayi jil.
the piivate cliuracln
)st either his re^'rcl nr
use made of his |Kin.
diiius, yet biting sar-
vereign in the ;»•
hers.
I()77.I.
ii^ni'i uble to the doc.
with a Icing fiiVHurilr
ibly, and mwl iiniila-
rale ; wliuiii iioiv, fu'
li.
iiiu'crti of the charm-
■cm red. Dr. Huriiiy
Italy, whitliur kIis
riagr; till here, vitli
ig!<t the audiiiicc, II
; of cordiiilily, wliicli
rasiirc, tliry iiitcn J
Llir inHtriiiiinits anil
laydn. Dr. lliirmy
le iiiiisl siinrnly Ii It,
ng round, jniiili'ii l«
Dr. Miirncy lifhold
iiiilst of her iliujtli'
by Mrs. I'idnzl.ivliii,
Hiirncy as viuni; a)
h lively aiiiily.
ito a cnu\rn(ntt(in.il
lliiisi- lirlllr sPiirri"
rendered Ihi'in iin"'
lincfaW" to each other; the jioungcr bri
I igiiibli' good-humour, contributing to the :
branches, with
I spirit of this
I iipcclod junction, , ,.
I flic Bookhainile Recluse, to whom this occurrence
I ,is immediately coniinunicated, received it with true
I iml Icpdcr delight. Most joyfully would she, also, have
I u,j out her hand to that once so dear friend, from whom
liiiecnulil never sever liei heart, had she happily been of
IllisSalomonic party.
Tirice only this lady and the memorialist had yet
g(l, siace the Italian marriage ; once at a large asscm-
I te at Mrs, Locke's ; and ailcrwarda at Windsor, on
ihf vfay to St. George's chapel ; but neither of these
oeflingsi I'ro'n circumstantial obstacles, led to any fur-
ijifr intercourse ; though each of them offered indications
lobotli parties of always subsisting kindness.
METASTASIO.
Pr. Iliirncy still, as he had done nearly from tlio hour
I lint III* History was finished, comi>osed various articles
Ifolhf .Monthly Review. But so precarious and irregii-
] lir a call ^>on his fertile abilities, sufficed not for their
I occupation ; and lie soon started a new work, on a sub-
I iccl poculi.ir and appropriate, that came singularly
I'lioiiie to his business and bosom; though it was offered
llohiinonly by that fatal power wliich daily .iiid uiifail-
I int'lf lavishes before us subjects for our diseussions — and
b our ti;nrs 1 — Death; which, some time previously to
the liberation of the doctor's mind from the arcana of
niiisical history, had cast the Life and Writings of the
SUc Metostasio upon posterity.
No |)Oil could lie more congenial to T)r. Burncy than
I Mclastasi", the purity of whose niimhrrs was mellitlu-
isjy in concord with the purity of his sentiments ;
I wliile both were in perfect unison with the taste of the
locior. Me con.sidcred it, professionally, to be even a
hlv, for the historian of the art of music, to raise, as
Sii ,is in liim lay, a biographical monument to the glory
ofllio man whose poetry, aller that which is sacred, is
W adapted lo inspire the lyric; inilse with strains of
finiil liariiinny, in all the impassioned varieties that the
;!iiiral bIicII is capable to generate for the musical enthu-
I HlM.
Tlic first object of Dr. Biirnoy In his visit to Vienna,
I iillic iH'riiiil of his (iernian lour, hud been to sec and to
■rntr^r willi Metaslasio ; whoso resplendent lyrical
I kicli'id raised him, in his own dramatic career, to n
liiiL'lit iinripialleil throughout l'iuro|K).
Tlie lK'iii:rn roeeplion given to the doctor by this nmi-
I lilc anil vcneriiblc bard ; the clmrm of his converse ; the
rafckly borne honours hy which he was distiuguished
iniUurrnunded; and the delightful pert'orinaiiics, and
{racel'ul altraelioiis of his niece, Madi'iiioiseUe Martinez,
irt I'lilly and feilingly set forth in the third volume of
I llr Miisiriil Tours.
Wliiii derided, therefore, u|M)n this subjert for his
I pen and his |)owers, he emphiyed himself without delay
in preparatory measurcH for his new undertaking: and
procured every edilion of the iioet's works, to gleam
from each all that might incidentally 1mi inters|M'rsed of
uiccdote, in letters, advertisements, prefaces, or notes.
IIOOKII.IM.
In the first of the domestic and amical tours that were
I mile nllcr the marriage of his second daughter, he snd-
' ily turned out of his direct road to take a view of the
I dnvjling of the hermits of Itookham ; in which rural
iltue they were tein|>orarily settled, in a small but
(Joitiiit eiittage.
Il was mil, perhaps, without the spur of some latent
I mliritiidi', some anxious incertitude, that Dr. Burncy
nude thin lirst visit to them abruptly, at an early hour,
ind when Is'lieved far distant ; and if so, never were
iiiid doubts more kindly solved; he found all that most
tenderly lie could wish — concord and content ; gay con-
wd, and grateful content.
TAMILtA ; OH A PK^TirRK OP YOIITII.
Tim Meniiiirs of Metaslasio, witli all their interest to
I I man whose love of literary coniposilion was so emi-
Wly Ins rullni; passion, ■urmininted not — for nothing
foutUiirmuunt— the parental iK'iievdlence that welcomed
nth rnrournifeinent, and haih'd with lio|)e, a project
n™ mmininiieated to him of a new work, the third in
•iimwion, from the author of Kveliim and i '.cilia.
Tint niiihcir, beeome now a mother on ^ II as u wife,
«s< inJiieed 1(1 print tlii», her third literarv essay, by a
lu'irdniis iii,„|e of piiblieity, from which' her natively-
Wired (enipi'rainent had made her, in former days, re.
til, even whcu il waa clo'iucntly suggested for her by
.Mr. Iturko to Dr. Durney ; namely, the mode of subscrip-
tion.
But, at this period, she felt a call against her distaste
at once conjugal and maternal. Her noble-minded part-
ner, though the most ardent of men to be himself what
he thought belonged to the dignity of his sex, the elli-
cient purveyor of his own small home and family, was
des|)oiled, by events over which he had no control, of
that post of honour.
'i'his scheme, therefore, was adopted. Its history,
however, would be here a matter of supererogation, save
as far as it includes Dr. Hurney in its inlluence and ell
feet ; for neither the author, nor her partner in all, could
feci greater delight than was experienced by Dr. llurnoy,
from the three principal circumstances which eiiiaiiatcd
from this undertaking.
The first of these was the honour graciously accorded
by her Majesty, (jiieen Charlotte, of siitVi ring her august
name to stand at the head of the book, by deigning to
accept its dedication.
The .seeoiid was the feminine approbation marked for
the author by three ladies, e(|ually eonspieumis liir their
virtues and iJieir understaiuling; the honourable and saga-
cious ]Mrs.Boseaweii, the beaut iliil and zealous Mrs.Crewe,
and the exemplary and captivating Mrs. Locke ; who
each kept books for the subscription, which the kindni'ss
of their t'riendsliip raised as highly in honour as in ad-
vantage.
And the third circumstance, to the doctor the most
touching, because now the least exjiected, was the encr.
getic interest, to which the prospect of seeing this me-
morialist emerge again from obscurity, re-ani.nated the
still generous llclingB of the now nearly sinking, altered,
gone, Mr. Burke ! who, on finding that his charges
against .Mr. Hastings were adjudged in Westminster
ilall to be iiiifoundetl, though lu was still persuaded him-
self that they were just, had retired from parliament,
wearied and disgusted ; and who, on the liillowing year,
had lost his deeply attached brotlii r; and, almost iiiinie.
diutely allerwards, his nearly idolised son, who w.is
" the pride of his heart, and the joy of his existence,'
to use his own words in a paragraph of a letter written
to the niutiially respected and liiitlil'ul Irieiid of himsell
and of Dr. Burncy, .Mrs.Crewe.
That lady, well aeipiaiiited with the reverence of Dr.
Burncy I'nr .Mr. Biirki', and the attachment with wliiel
Mr. Bnrku returned il, generally eoinniunicaled her let
lers from Beaconsfield to Chelsea College ; and not uii-
lrei]iienlly with a desire that tl"'y might be forwarded on
to Bookliaiii ; well knowing that the extraordinary [wr-
tiality of .Mr. Burke for its female recluse, would 'make
him more than pardon the kind pleasure of .Mrs.Crewe
in granting that recluse such an iiidnlgenee.
The letter, whence is taken the fond sad phrase just
ipioted, was written in answer to the first letter of .Mrs
Crewe to Mr. Burke, al\er his irreparable licreavement ;
and the whole of the piirngrapli in which it occurs will
now Im- copied, to elueidale the inleresliiig circumstance
lor Dr. Biirney to which it h d. Iteaiitilul is the para,
graph in the patlielie resigiialion ol its submission. No
llowery orator here expands his iiiiaginalinn ; nothing
finds vent but the touching simplicity of a lender iiarent's
heart-breaking sorrow.
" TO MRS. CREWK.
" We arc thoroughly sensible of your humanity ami
compassiini to this desolate house.
• • • • •
" We arc as well as pconle can 1k', who have nothing
riiither to hope or fear in tiiis world. We are in a stale
ofiiuiet; but it is the lraiii|uillily of the grave— in which
all that could make lite iiiteresliiig to us is laid— and to
which we are hastening as liist as luxl pleases. 'I'his
plaee is no longer pleasant to us I and yet we have more
satisfaction, if it may lie so called, hi re than any where
else. We go in and out, w illiout any of those Reiiliinents
of eonviviiilily and joy which alone can create an at-
taclnnent (o any spot. We have had a loss which lime
and relleelion rather iniiease the sense of. I declare to
you that 1 till more this day, than on the dreadful dav
in whieh I was depriveil of the romfort and siipiKirl, the
pride and ornament of my exislenee 1"
» • . , ,
Mrs. Crewe, extremely affectid by this distress, and as
en(rer to draw her illiKtrioiis friend IVoni his consuining
grief, as to serve and to gratify tin w recluse, sent to
IJeaeonsfield the next year, ITH.'i, the plan, in which slii'
tisik so proiiiinenl a part, for bringing llirtli CHinilln, or
a I'icliiie of Vouth ; in the hope ofrcexeiting his interest
lor its author.
The li)llowin({ il llio answer which, olmott witli exult-
ation of kindness. Airs. Crewe transmitted to Iho her-
mits.
" TO .MRS. CREWE.
" As to Miss Barney— the subscription ought to he,
lor certain jiersons, five guineas : and to take but a single
copy each. The rest as it is. I am sure that it is a
disgrace to the age and nation, if this be not a great
thing lor her. If every person in England who has re-
ceived pleasure and instruction irom Cecilia, were to rate
its value at tlie hundredth part of their satisliiction,
.Madame d'Arblay would be ono of the richest women in
the kingdom.
" Her scheme was known before she lost two of her
most respectful admirers from this house ;* and this,
with Mrs. Burke's subscription and mine, make tho
|Ki|x-r I send you.t One hook is as good as a thousand :
one of hers i.s certainly as good as u thousand others."
METAST.VSIO.
In 17II5 the memoirs of Metaslasio made their a|)-
pcarance in the republic of letters. They were received
with interest and pleasure by all readers of taste, and
lovers of the lyric muse. They had not, indeed, that
brightness of |>opular success wliich had tlourished into
the world the previous works of the doctor ; for though
the name of Metaslasio was familiar to all who had any
pretensions to an acquaintance with the classical muses,
whether ancient or modern, it was only the cho.sen few
who had any enjoyment of his merit, or who understood
the motives to his fame. The Italian language was by
no means then in its present general eultivalion ; and tho
feeling, exalted dramas of this tenderly touching poet,
were only brought forward, in Kngland, hy tlie miserable,
inawkish, no-ineaniiig translations of tho opcra-houso
hired scribblers.t And all that was most elegant and
most refined, in thought as well as in language, of this
classical bard, was frequenlly so ill rendered into Knglish,
asto become mere matter of risibility, held up for mockery
and ridicule.
The translations, or, more properly speaking, imita-
tions, occasionally interspersed in this work, of some of
the pix'try of Jletastasio, were the most approved by tho
best critics : as so breathing the sentiments and the stylo
of the author, that they rend, said Horace Lord Orfo'rd,
like two originals.
The kindly predilection of Mr. Burke, brought forward
with such previous and decided partiality for this new
entirprise, never reached its intent. Mr. Burke received
It at Bath, on the bed of sickness, in the anguish of hia
lingering and ceaseless depresbion for the loss of his son ;
and when he was Icki ill and weak lo have spirits even
to open jls leaves; withlield, jx-rhaps, the more poig-
nantly, from internal reenrrencc to the ho|>iiy family
parties le. which repeatedly he had read its two prede-
cessors, in the heoring of him hy whom his voieg now
could Ix- heard no more !
^ Visited by Mrs. (.'rewe, soon after Iho np|iearanco of
Camill.i in the world, he said, " How ill 1 am you will
easily Ixlieve, when a new work of Madame d'Arblay'a
lies on my table, unread I"
■» • • •
To Dr. Hurney the result of this iiublicBlion was fondly
pleasing, in realising a project lormed by the willing
herniil.--, inimcdiatily U|kiii their marriage, of construct,
ing a slight and eennnmieal, but pretty und convenient
cottage, lor their residence and property.
.Most welcome, indeed, to the doctor was a schcnio
that had their seltlenient in Kiighind for its basis : and
most consoling lo the harassed mind and fiirtuiies of
.M. il'Arblay was the prospect of creating for himself •
new home ; since his native one, at that lime, seemed
lost even to his wishes, in appe-aring lust lo religion, lo
inonarehy, and to liiimnnity.
Almost instttiilly, therefore, after the return of Ihn
hermits I'roin the honoured presentation of Camilla at
U indsor, n plan previously drawn up hy M. d'Arblay
was brouKhl forward foreieeulion ; and a small dwellin((
was erected as near as |Hissible to the Norlmry mansion,
on a llehl adjoining to its park, and rented by the liiT-
mils Irom the incomparnlde Mr. Locke.
EAHI. MACAnTNKY.
The eehhrnted embassy of Lord iMiicarlney lo China,
which had taken plaee in the year I7!ia, had led his
birdslnp lo eoimilt with Dr. Burncy upon whatever ho-
• lliaconslield. f A XM Bank Note.
I The translations of Mr. IIoolc were not yet in circu-
Idiou.
■»i <;.
, 1
t
'•■ y-. '■■ J.^\
V
'i
' »
400
9ie:»ioirs of dr. burnev.
imH
'•^k
fii
longccl to musical niattcrc, wlicthcr instruments, com-
positioMR, band, rir decorations, that miglit contribute, in
that line, to its majjiiificciiLO.
The reputation of" Dr. Burney, in his own art, niijrht
fully have sullieed to draw to him for counsel, in that
point, this aajraeious ambassador ; but, added to this ob-
vious stimulus, Lord Miieartney was a near relation of
Mrs. Crewe, tlirougli whom he had become intimately
acquainted with the doctor's merits; which his own high
attainments and intellijfence well befitted him to note
and to value.
Always interested in whatever was brnnfflit forward
to promote (jencral knowledge, and to facilitate nur in-
tercourse with our distant fellow creatures, Dr. Hurney,
even with eagerness, bestowed a considi^rable portion of
his time, as well as of his thoughts, in meditating upon
musical plans relative lo this expedition ; animated, not
alone by the spirit of the embassy, but by his admiration
of the ambassador ; who, with unlimited trust in his
taste and general skill, as well as in his perfect know-
ledge upon the snbjeel, gave riirlr hluiiche to his discretion
for whatever he could either select or project. And so
pleased was his lordship both with the doctor's collection
and suggestions, and so sensible to the time and the
pains bestowed u|K)n the recpiisite researches, that, on
the eve of departure, his lordship, while uttering a kind
farewell, brought forth a striking memorial of his regard,
in a superb and very costly silver inkstand, of the most
beautiful workmanship; upon which ho had had engraven
a Latin motto, flatteringly expressive of his esteem and
friendship tor Dr. Burney.
At this present jK-riod, 1796, tliis accomplished noble-
man was again |)reparing to set sail, u|>on a new and
splendid appointment, of governor and captain-general
of the ("ajic of (Jood Hope; and again, upon the leave-
taking visit of the doctor, he manifested the same spirit
of kindness that he had displayed when parting for
China.
In a room full of company, lo which he had been ex-
hibiting tl(c various treasures prepared as presents for
his approaching enterj)rise, he gently drew the doctor
apart, and whispered, " To j-ou. Dr. Burney, I must
show the greatest personal indulgence, and private re-
creation, that I have selected for my voyage." He then
took from a highly linished travelling bookcase, a volume
of Camilla, which had Ix'en publisheil four or live months ;
and smilingly said, "Tliii 1 have not yet opened ! nor
will I siilTer any one to anticijiatc a word of it lo me;
and, still less, suffer myself to take a glimpse of even a
single sentence — till I am m.my leagues out at sea ; that
then, without hindr.inre of busmess, or any im|K"dimenl
whatever, I may read the work throughout witli uninter-
rupted enjoyment."
The peculiar darling of the wliole house of Dr. Burney,
as well as of his heart ; whose presence always exhilarated,
or whose absence saddened every branch ofil, his daughter
Susanna, was cilled, by. inevitable circumstances, from
his paternal embraces and loud society, to accompany
her husband and children upon indis|)ensable business,
to Ireland ; thin teeming with every evil that invasion,
rebellion, civil war, and liimine, could unite to infliel.
Hut not here ended Ihi' sharp reverse of this altered
year ; scarcely had this harrowing filial sepaialion taken
place, ere au assault was made U|Hm his conjugal li'i'l-
ings, by the sudden death of iMrs. Burney, his second
wife.
She had l)ecn for many years a valetmliiiarian ; hul
her spirits, though natively unequal, had quick and
animated returns lo their pristine gaiety; which, jt.ini'd
to au uncommon uniscular Ihrce that endured lo the liist,
led all but lihrself lo believe in her slill retiiincd powers
of reviviil.
Kxirernely shocked by this filal event, the doctor sent
the tidings by express lo Bookham ; whence Ihe femiile
recluse, s|Me<led by hii kind partner, insiaiilly set olf for
Chelsea College. There she fiund the dnelor encircled
by most of his family, but in Ihe lowe^l spirits, atid in a
weak and sh.iltcred state of nerves ; and lliire she s|Hnl
with him, nn<l his youngest daughter, Sarah llirriil,
the whole of the first nulaneholy |ierioil of lliis great
change.
It was at thii time, during llicir many and long lele li
Iflit, that he conimunii' ileil to her almost nil Ihe de-
sultory documents, which up lo the year 17!Mi, form these
memoirs.
His sole oecnpalion, when they were alone, was
srtrehing for, ami eoinmilliiig lo her enaminalion, Ihe
whole eolleelion of letters, and olhir inanuseripis relative
lo his life and affairs, which, up to that period, had been
written, or hoarded. Thesf, which she rend nlmid lo
liim ill succession, he cillicr placed alplinlHlically in the
pigeon holes of his bureau, or cast at once into the
flames.
In his letters, after the return of the memorialist to
her cottage, the sailncss of his mind is toucliingly por-
trayed.
MR. IIVIiKE.
A deeply mourned and widely mournful loss tried
again, with jioignant sorrow, his kindliest aft'ections.
On the 10th of July, 1797, ho received the following
note : —
" Dear Sir, — I am grieved to tell you that your late
friiMid, Mr. Burke, is no more. He expired last night, at
half-past twelve o'clock.
" Tlie long, steady, and unshaken friendship which
had subsisted between you and him, renders this a pain-
I'ul communication ; hut it is a duty 1 owe to such friend,
ship. i am, dear sir, &.C.,
Edw. Nagle.
" Beaconsficid, 9th Juh;, 1797."
Hard, indeed, was this blow to Dr. Burney. lie la-
mented this high character in all possible ways, as a
friend, a patriot, a statesman, an orator, and a man of the
most exalted genius.
" He was certainly," says his letter to Bookham upon
this event, "one of the greatest men of the present cen-
tury ; and, I think I might say, the best oratoi and
statesman of modern times. He had his passions and
prejudices, to which I did not subscribe; but I always
ardently admired his great abilities, his warmth of friend-
ship, his coiistilutional urbanity."
MUS. CREWE.
The unwearied Mrs. Crewe, grieved at the fresh de-
jection into which these reiterated misfortunes cast the
doctor, now started a scheme that liad more of jiromise
than any other that could have been devised of afl'ording
him some exhilaration. This was arranging an excursion
that wouUI leail him to visit the scene of his birth, that
of his boyhood, and that of his education ; namely
Shrewsbury, Condover, and Chester; by prevailing with
him to accompany her to Mr. Ocwe'g noble ancient
mansinn of Crewe Hall : a projiosal so truly grateful to
his feelings, that he found it resistless.
IIKKSCIIKT..
t'pon the return of Dr. Burney lo Clielsea, his astro-
nomical project became his great amusement as well as
occupation.
An account of the first visit to Dr. Herschel, at Slough,
u|)on this astronomical pilgrimage, written by Dr.
Burney, to Bookham, in September, 1797, displays,
though unintentionally, the characters of both these men
of science, with a genuiue simplicity that can hardly
fill of giving pleasure lo every unsophisticated read.^r.
AlV-r mentioning a call uixin Lord Chesterfield, at
Baillies, in the neiglilionrhood of Slough, he says:
"I went thence to Dr. Herschel, with whom I had
arranged a meeting by letter ; but lieing, through a mis-
take, bel'ore my time, I stop|K'd at the door, to make
enipiiry whellu r my visit wmild Ik; Ihe least inconvenient
to ilerschel that night, or Ihe next morning. The good
smil was at dinner, but came to the carriage himself, to
press me to alight immediately, and partake of his
lamily repast: and this he did so heartily, that I could
not reirtsl. I was introduced lo the company at table ;
four ladies, and a little boy. I was quite shocked at in-
Irudiiig upon so many females. I knew not that Dr.
Herschel was married, and expected only to have found
his sister. One of these females was a very old lady,
and miilhcr, I believe, of Mrs. Herschel, who sul at the
head of the table. Another was a daughter of Dr. Wit.
son, an eminent astronomer, of (;iasgow ; the fourth was
Miss HiTscbi'l. I npologiscd for coming at so iineoulh
an hour, by telling my story of missing Lord Chester,
field, through a blunder; at which they were all so cruel
as lo join ill rcjiiieing ; and then in soliciting ine to send
aw.iy Miy carriage, and slay and sleep there. I thought
it necessary, you may Ix' sure, to /nil f In jirlilr hmnhe;
but, in spile of my blushes, I was obliged lo submit
lo having my trunk taken in, and my carriage sent
on. \Ve soon grew ae<piainled ; I mean the ladies
anil I; for Herschel I have known very many yeais;
and iM'f'ori^ dinner was over, we all seemed old trirndu
just met aHern longabsence. Mrs. Herschel is sensible,
gooil Innnoured, imprelending, and obliging; Miss Her.
schel is all shyness and virgin mixlesly ; tlie Hciils lady
sensible aiwl harmless; and the little Imy enit rinining,
I'omicnl, and promising.* Herschel, you know, and
'I'liG prcKiil oclk'brttcU iiiallicincticiaii aiid autlior.
every body knows, is one of the most pleating and wtll.
bred natural eliaraeters of the present age, as well gi ||,j I
greatest astronomer. Your health was iinniediatcly giitn
and drunk after dinner, by Dr. Hcrsehcl ; and, alter I
much social conversation, ond some hearty laughs, liie I
ladies proposed taking a walk by themselves, in order lo I
leave Ilerschel and inc together. We two, Uicrcfort I
walked, and talked over my subject, tfteii tele, round his I
great telescope, till it grew damp ond dusk ; nnd tlicn I
we retreated into his study to philosophise. 1 \ai j I
string of questions ready to ask, and astronomical diffi. I
cullies to solve, which, with looking at curious books 1
and instruments, filled up the time charmingly till i^ |
\fler which, wo retired again to the study ; wjicrf f
having now paved the way, we began to enter more I
I'ully into my [loctical plan ; and he pressed me to read |
to htm what I had done. Lord help his head ! he linie I
thought I had eight books, or cantos, of from four liur.
Ired to eight hundred and twenty lines, which lo rnit
through would require two or three days I He madi
me, however, unpack my trunk for my MS., from wliich
I read him the titles of the chapters, and begged ht I
would choose any ixiok ; or the character of any pal I
astronomer that he pleased. ' O,' cried he, ' let us luve I
the beginning.' I read then the first eighteen or lutnty I
lines of the exordium ; and tlien told him 1 rather wished
lo come to modern times ; I was more certain of my I
ground in high antiquity than after the time of Copenii. I
cus. I began, thcrelbre, my eighth chapter. I
" He gave me the greatest encouragement ; rcpcatediv I
saying that I perfectly understood what I was writinf I
about : and he only stopped mc at two places ; one mj I
at a word too strong for what I had to descrilM; ; and tlie I
other at one too weak. The doctrine he allowed lo be I
luite orthodox concerning gravitation, refraction, reflcc. I
lion, optics, comets, magnitudes, distances, revolutlciu, I
&c. &.C. ; but h(! made a discovery to mc which, had 1 1
known sooner, would have overset me, and prevciiieil I
my reading to him any part of my work I This was, thai I
he had almost always had an aversion 'to |)oetrv; which I
he had generally regarded as nn arrangement of line I
word-s without any adherence to truth : but he prpsenllr
added that, when truth and science were united to tbes: |
line words, he then liked poetry very well.
" The next morning, he made me read os imirli, from I
another chapter, on Descartes, as the time would ullo ;
for 1 had ordered my carriage at twelve. But I staved I
on, reading, talking, asking questions, and Innking il I
books and instruments, at least anoUier hour, belorcll
could leave this excellent :nan."
1798.
The spring of the following year, J798, opened lo Pi
Burney with pupils, ojicras, concerts, conversaiioncj, ami I
assemblies in their usual round. All that is inarkid t< I
jKcnliar, in his memorandums, is the inliiimle viri [
which he had opportunity to take of the lriuin|ihant
elevation of conimercial splendour over even Ihe liijjhni
aristocratical, in the entertainments of this season.
His late new acquaintance, Mr. Walker, of Livorjiool,
and his charming wife, not only, the doctor says, iailinr I
balls, concerts, suppers, and masquerades, rivnllid ull Ihe
nobles in expense, hut in elegance. And tlinl with is
trial so iiidispulable, as lo make those overjiowrrrd prfil
ones " hide their diminished heads ;" or raise tlirni onlj
in a tribute of patriotic admiration, at a proof so lirilliinl {
of the true national ascendance of all-coni|Ui'rin|; em-
mercc.
TiiK i.iTF.RAnv ri.un.
Not the least, nor least prized honour, in the life of Pr.
Burney, ocelli red in the June of this year, I7!tl*, in »■
coiiiliiig the iiiolion of Mr. Windham tor the eliclii'ii of I
Mr. ('uimiiig as a memlier of Ihe literary club; "llnmfh, [
strange to say," he relates, " I had alrenily honnimd
myself by seconding the same motion once Is'lim, nhrn
Mr. Caiiiiing was put up, I belicvi', by Lord SiMiiorrihii'
was rejected by one nlmminable p.irty black-ball, Ihoujh
there were ten or eleven balbi all white."
The election tliia time, however, was honoiirnhle to Ihe |
club, for it was sueeessl'iil lo Mr. Conning. And Mr
Marsden, author of the curious nnd spirited iirfomilef
Siimatrn, was happily while. balled at Ihe snnie limr;
which Dr. Burney called, in his next httertothc lln
mils, a revival of Ihe true spirit of (he institution.
<AMII.T,A rOTTAOIC.
In the ensuing Scplcmln'r, tho doctor wrilw, in '
ninniiseripl memoir:
"This niiliimn, i^<plenil)rr, l79S,after s|Kndin|[«»ffl
nt Hmnptuii, at the house of liady Mary DuiiCkfi,il»
VOL. I.
id the honoui
rying mc l"
Court, Mrs. Ga
liew Gardens,
TanliriJgfl w
ill the huiiioui
pleasant manm
" .\nd tlienc
Ue; a cottage
d'Arblay and
niilla, lier thi
Locke's, I pass<
I rural quiet, or
This small
I of whicli the
playfully recciv
lost pleaeing and wtll.
lent agr, an well an ihe I
was iinmeiliately gitcn I
Ilrrsclicl ; ami, alter
me hearty laugliB, liie I
tlicinselves, in order lo I
. \Vc two, Uicrrforc,
at, lete a Mc, round Ins
\t and dusk ; nnd llicn I
|)liiloso|>liisc. 1 \ai , I
and astrondmical diffi. [
king at curious books)
ne charmin^rly tillua.f
to tlio study ; wlierf, I
began to enter more I
ho pressed mc to rtid I
liclp his head '. he liiiie |
itos, of from four liup.
:y lines, which to read I
lirec days ! Uc maA I
Dr iny MS., from which
apters, and bpggcd \t I
character of any peat I
' cried he, ' let us have [
first eighteen or twenty
old him 1 ratlier nished
18 more certain of my I
cr the time of Copcnii.
ith chapter,
ouragcment ; repeatedly I
od what I was writing |
at two places ; one was I
lad to descrilM: ; and the I
ctrine he allowed to be I
ation, refraction, rtUfc.
, distances, revoluliom, I
cry to mc which, had I
set me, and prevcuted I
y work ! This was, that I
ersion "to imclry ; which I
m nrrangemint of fine I
truth : hut he prrscnik I
ee were unilid lo those |
very well,
me read as imioh, from |
H the time wmild alU;
t twelve. But 1 stayed I
L'stions, and Innkini; it I
another hour, Isctorc 1 [
;ar, J7'J8, opened lo Pi
rts, conversaiioncs, and
All that is marked i< |
is Ihe intimate viet
ike of the trinmphani
ir over even the liigheil
|its (if this Kcnuon.
Walker, of ljivor|iool,
Ihe doctor says, inllira
uerades, rivalled all Ihe
And that with ir.
Ihose overpowered jrnt
" or raise thnii only i
I, at a proof Ko lirllliant
>f all-comiuering ooni-
I ci.in.
pnoiir, in tlir life of Dr.
Jlhis year, 17!IH, in «•
liani lor the eleelii'n ol I
Iterary cluli ; " llioufh,
Ihnd already lioiimind
Itioii onre lieliiii', ivficn
1, tiy Lord SjieneeriW
'irt'y black-ball, thou;!!
ihilV."
I WHS homiiirnhlc In lk< |
|-. Caniiini,'. And Mf
id spirited aofuunlof
at Ihe same lime:
liexl Idler In the Hn-
Idle institution.
MIR.
doelor wril", in i
i after s|i<ii'liri(rii«"'
ly Maiy Duiictn, iks
wiiifeBix^^ oiiiim(@v (p:i:B(OwmikViW(^ iiimiB^m^^
VOL. I.
PHILADELPHIA, JULY 0, 1833.
NO. 26.
Prikted and PiiBLisiiiD BY ADAM WALDIE, No. 6, North Eiohtii Btrikt, Phiiadelpiiia— At %S fur S2 nuinlien<, payable in advance.
d the honours of that charming neighbourhood, by car
lymj
mc to all the fine places in its circle, Hampton
Court, Mrs. Garrick'8,Richmond Hill and Park, Oatlands,
Kew Gardens, &c.; 1 went to Mrs. and Miss Crew-o at
Tanliridgp; whore I enjoyed, for more tlian a fortnight,
jl the humours of the place in the most honourable and
pleasant manner.
" And thence I went to Camilla Cottage at West Ham-
He; a cottage built on a slice of Norbury Park, by M.
j'Arblay and my daughter, from the production of Ca-
milla, lier third work ; where, and at Mr. and Mrs.
Locke's, I passed my time most pleasantly, in reading, in
toral quiet, or in charming conversation."
This small residence, here mentioned by Dr. Burney,
of«liicli the structure was just now completed, had,
playfully received from himself the name of Camilla Cot-
Ijje; which name was afterwards adopted by all tlie
friends of the hermits.
Its architect, who was also its principal, its most cffi.
cient, and even its most laborious workman, had so skil-
liilly arranged its apartments for use and for pleasure, by
investing them with imperceptible closets, cupboards, and
adroit recesses ; and contriving to make every window
offer a freshly beautiful view from the surrounding bcau-
lil'ul prospects, that while its numerous, though iiivisible,
Kinvciiicnees gave it comforts which many dwellings on
a much larger scale do not possess, its pleasing form, and
pictures<iuc situation, made it a point, though in minia-
ture, of beauty and ornament, from every spot in tlie
neighbourhood whence it could bo diaccrnid.
Dr. Burney promised to gratify, from that time, these
happy hermits once a year with his presence'. He could
not without adniirntion, as well as pleasure, witness the
fertile resources with which his son-in-law, though till
then a slranjer to a country or to private life, could fill
npa rainy day without a murmur; and pass through n
iflirrd evening without one moment of ennui, cither felt
or given. Yet the longest day of smishinc was always
tto short for the vigorous exertions, and niuiily pnijectls
that called him to plant in his garden, to grail and crop
in his orchard, lo work in his hay-field, or to invent and
(jecutc new paths, nnd to construct new scats and bowers
in his wood. Trom which useful nnd virtuous toils, when
ecrporcally he required rest and refreshment, his mental
powers rose in full force to the exercise of their equal
tharc in his cnm|iosition, through his love of science,
poetry, and general literiilure. And Dr. Burney, through
the « idc extent of his varied connections, could no where
find taste more congenial, principles more strictly in
unison, or a temper more harmoniously in accord with
hiiown, than here, in the happy little dwelling which he
naniol ('aniilla Cutta)(C<
Sin WILLIAM IIEnsCHEL.
.ttllic close of this second year of Dr. Burncy's as
Itronoiiiical operations, their cflicncy upon his health and
|»firils (rrcw more and more ap|iarent. They chased
|a«ay his sorrows, by leading to meditations beyond the
lieachof their annoyance; and they gave to him a new
I earthly connection that served somewhat to brighten even
llhe rr|;ions below, in an intiinncy with Dr. ncrschcl.
I TliO modest anil true philosopher, who, not long after
Ivards, receiving the honour of the Ouelphic order from
Itlie kini;, heeame Sir William, n|icned again his hosjiita-
Ible duelling lo hear tlio contiiuiatiiin of tho doctor's
Ipoein; to which hu alTurded his valuable remarks witli as
Inmch pleasiiro as aeuinen. .And from that time, tho in-
llrreoiirsc was kept up by Sir William's returning, oeca-
Itinnilly, the visits of tho doctor at Chelsea College, when
■ called In town for reailiiig, or for presenting his astro-
Inomlcal distdveries lo tho royal Hociely,
The doctor llius gaily sjieaks in his next letter :
"10/A Drrrmber, 17HH, ChrUea Vollfge.
• • • •
"Well, hut llerschvl has lioen in town, for short B|iirts
lind liaek again, (wo or three lliiies, nnd I have hud him
Ihere two whole days. • • • I read In him (he first
Ifivclmiks williiiut any one nbjcclion, exiipl ii little hesi-
Itilinii, «l my saying, ujmn Hnylv's authority, thai if Ihe
Iwn were to innve round Ihe cnrtli, necording to Ptolemy,
IinMiad of the earth round (ho sun, as in the Coiiornican
|»rii|em, Ihe nearest fixed star in rrrry second must con
^•Unlly run 111 llif rate of near 100,(100 miles. 'Slopi
NEW stints — 'iti
little !' cries he ; ' I fancy you have greatly underrated the
velocity required; but 1 will calculate it at home.' And,
on his second visit, he brought me a slip of paper, written
by his sister, as he, I suppose, had dictated. ' Here we
sec that Sirius, if it revolved round the earth, would move
at the rate of 1426 millions of miles per second. Hence
the required velocity of Sirius in its orbit would be above
7305 times greater than that of light.' This is all that I
had to correct of doctrine in tho first five books! And he
was so humble as to protest tliat I knew more of the his-
tory of astronomy than he did himself; and that I had
surprised him by the mass of information tliat I had got-
ten together."
MR. SEWABD.
But before this year terminated. Dr. Burney had yet
another, and a very sensible loss, through the death of
Mr. Seward; who was truly a loss, also, to all by whom
he was known. He was a man of sound worthiness of
character, of a disposition the most amiable, and invested
with a zeal to serve his friends, nay, to serve even stran-
gers, that knew no bounds which his time or liis trouble
could remove.
He was pleasing and piquant in society ; and, though
always showing an alacrity to sarcasm in discourse, in
action ho was all benevolence.
Yet he was eccentric, even wilfully; and wilfully, also,
inconsistent, if not capricious ; but he was constantly in
a state of sutTering, from some internal nnd unfathomable
obstructions, which generally nt' night robbed him of
rest ; and frequently, in the day, divested him of self com-
mand.*
He was author of a very agreeable nnd amusing, thougl
desultory, collection of anecdote.'", entitled Biograiihiana.t
In the ensuing autumn, wlien the cxiwdilion iigainst
Holland was in preparation, Mrs. Crewe prevailed with
tho doctor to accompany her and her large parly to Do-
ver, to see the embarkation ; wi 11 knowing the animated
interest which his patriotic spirit would take in that
transaction. His own lively and spirited, yet unatt'ected
and iinprcleiKiing account of this excursion, will bring
him iininedintcly before those by whom he may yet be
remembered.
" nnrn, OVi Srjil. 1799
" Why you Fanny ! — I did not intend to write you my
adventures, but to keep (hem lor iirf roix on coining to
Camilla Cottage ; but the nasty east — ind is arrived, to
the great inconvenience of our expedition, and of my
lungs — all which circumstances put it out of my power
to viiiit C'amilla Cottage at present, as I wished, and lm<l
settled in my own iiiiiid to do. But let mc see — where
did leave off? I believe I have told you of my arrival
here, where, at first, I found Mr. Crewe, as you might
observe by tho frank. But two days after ho went to
Hydie, where ho is now quartered with tho Cheshire
Mililia corps of which he is colonel.
" You may be sure (hut I hastened to visit tho harlmnr
and town which I hnd not seen for near thirty years • • •
Did 1 tell you Mr. Uidcr, our Chelsea joint paymaster, is
here, and (ha( we all dined on Wednesday with him and
his sjiosn, Lady Susan ? a most sweet crendire, handsome,
neeoiiiplished.and |M'rfee(ly well-bred, wi(h coiideseeiiriinp
good-humour; nnd who sings nnd plays well, and in true
taste. Thursday, bad weather ; but Canning cnme to
lioiicdion to brigliton it ; nnd at night I read astronomy
to Mrs. ( "rewe, and her fair, in(elligen( daughter.
"On Friday, I visKed with tliei.i Lady (Jrcy, wife of
tho eominnndur in chief, at (he llurhnm Down Camp. I
like Lady Crey ex(reiiiely, no(wi(liHtniiding (ihe is mother
of the vehenien( parliuiiienlary denioera(, Mr (>rey,t who
is as pleasing, (hey pretenil, as he is violent, which makes
him doubly dangernus. She is, indeed, a elmrming wo-
man, nnd hy every Uidy honoured nnd admired ; nnd us
she is aunt (o our nrden( tViend Spolly, (he Dian of Win-
ches(er's dnngh(er, I was sure (o N! much fla((ered and
f^lrH hy all Tier family. Sir Charles' mother, old Mrs.
(irey, now eighly-five, is a great and scicntifie reader
• To the editor he onee avowed, (hat (o pass (wcn(y-
four hours without ono piercing pang of pain would be
new to him.
+ (.eiicrnlly, fl-oni (he name of (ho in(hor, attributed,
hut erroneously, (n Anna Seward, of Litchfield.
t Now Priino Minislcr.
and s(udier ; and is even yet in correspondence with Sir
Charles Ulugden; who comnmnicatcs (o her all the new
philosophical discoveries made throughout Europe. What
distinguished race ! The deuiocrat himself, — but for
his democracy, — strikingly at their head! Mrs. Grey
took to me mightily, and would hardly let mc speak to
any body else. Saturday we visited Mr. and Iindy Mary
Churchill, our close neighbours here, an old acquaint-
ance of mine of fifty years' standing or more. Next
day, after church, I went with Miss Crewe and Canning
— 1 serving for chaperon — to visit (he Shakspcare Cliit,
which is a mile and more beyond the town : and a mott
fatiguing clamber to it I tbund 1 We took different roads,
a^ our eye pointed out the easiest paths; and, in so doing,
on my being all at once missed. Canning and Miss
Crewe were so frightened 'you can't think!' os Miss
LaroUes would say. They concluded I had tumbled
headlong down the Cliff ! It has furnished a story fd
every one we have seen ever since ; nnd that arch clever
rogue, Canning, makes ample use of it, at Walmcr Castle,
and elsewhere. ' Is tliere any news V if he be asked, hi*
ready answer is, 'only Dr. Burney is lost again !'
"This day, 5th September, pray mind! I went (o
Walmer Casdc wi(h Mrs. and Miss Crewe, (o dine wi(h
Lady Jane Dundas — nnoUier charming creature, nnd ono
of my new flirtations , and Mr. Pitt dined at home. And
Mr. Dundas, Rlr. Ryder, Lady Susan, Miss ScoK, (ho
sister of tho Marchioness of Titchficd, nnd Cunning, wcro
of the party; with tho Hon. Colonel Hope, Lady Jane's
brother. ^V'hat do you think of that, ina'um ? Mr.
Pitt! — I liked this cabinet dinner prodigioutly. Mr.
Pitt was all politeness and pleasantry. He has won Mrs.
Crewe's, and even Miss Crewe's hear(, by his a((eij|iona
and good humour. My (runela(ion of (ho hymn, ' Long
live tho lOinperor Francis I' was very well sung in duo
by Lady Susan Rider and Miss Crewe; I joining in tho
chorus. Lady Jane Dundas is a good musician, and Inm
very good (as(e. I no( only played (his hymn of Haydn's
scding, but Suvvurrow'.5 March io the great minister :
nnd though Mr. Pitt neither knows nor cares one
farthing for flutes nnd fiddles, ho was very a(tei.(ive; and
before, nnd at dinner, his civility (o nic was as obliging
as if I had half a dozen boroughs at my devotion : offer-
ing to me, though a great way off him, of every dish
and wine ; and entering heartily into Canning's merry
6(ories of my having been lost ; and Mrs. Crewe's rela-
tion of my dolorous three sea voyages instead of one,
when I came back IVom tierniany ; all with very civil
pleasantry."
"l,)^/i S'f premier, 1799.
» * » » »
" The Duke nnd Lady Mary Itll us two days after my
last, but n dinner was fi.ied lor Messrs. Pi((, Dundas,
IJydcr, nnd Canning, wi(h t/« a( Dover. Now I must
give you a little episwie. Cunning told niu that Mr.
I'itt had gotten a telcsco|ie, constructed under the super-
intvndcnee of Hcrschel, which cost one hundred guineas;
but that they could make no use of it, as no one of the
party had knowledge enough that way to put it together ;
and, know ing of my astronomical |ioem. Canning (ook
it for granted that 1 could help them. The first du'' I
went to Walmer Castle, 1 saw the ins(ruincii(, and Can-
ning put a pa|MT in my hand of instruedons ; or rndier, u
booK, for it eonsisled of (w elve or fourteen pages ; but he-
fore 1 had read six lines, company poured in, «nd I
ro-plaeed it in the drawer whence Canning hnd taken it ;
and, (o say the (rndi, wiUiou( inueh reluedince ; for I
doub(ed my eompelenci'. I therefore was very cautious
not to 8(ar( (he sulijeel I but when I got to Dover, 1
wrote u|Hm it (o llersehel, and received his answer jutl
in lime (o meet (he Dover visi( of Mr. I'id. It was very
friendly nnd siilisruediry, as is every (hing (lia( ronies
I'roiii ilerselu'l; I showed it (o Mr. I'iK, who read it
with gi'cut u((endon, nnd I doulil n(>(, inlelligenee.
"After diseunsing all the particulars cniieerning (lis
(eleseoiM-, llersehel says ! ' When 1 lenrn (lint you are
relumed to Chelseo, I shall write ngniii on (ho subject
of ni< iiiiiranduins (hut I mude when I hnd (he jileasnro
of hearing your beaudftil poetienl work.' This 1 did not
let Mr. I'iK see; but withdrew (he IcKer from him after
llersehel had done sprakinjrof (he teleseop^.lrst i( should
seem (hat I more wished Mr. I'iK should tfe llrrsehrl'i
ejvililirs (o mc, (ban his (riesenpieal ins(ruetion». Bu(
Mrt. Crewf, in (ho OourKC of (he evening, borrowed live
> I •
1 :<"■,. ,.
4
■ I'j^'l
^^M
402
niE.IIOIItS OF DK. BUIINEY.
r;r^^
letter from iiic, unci sliowcii it to Ln<ly June Dtindas; wlio
rrad it all, and nskcd wimt tlio poetical work meant
Miss t'leuc smilingly exi'lnined.
"The dinner was very olieerfiil, yon niiiy iniaijine, foi
these .Messieurs had hronijht with thrni tlie iniportanl
news of the lakini; Serin;{a|)atam ; truly gralilying to
Mr. rill ; hut doubly so to Mr. Dundns, who plans and
direels all India aflairs.
" No one can be more cheerful, attentive, and polite to
ladies than Air. Pitt; which astonishes all lliose who,
without seeing him, have taken for granted that he is
no icoinan's man, but a surly churl, from tlio accounts of
hi.s sarcastic enemies.
"The major of .Mr. Crewe l)cing ill, .Mr. Crewe hun-
§elf could not dine at home, being obliged to remain at
llytlio with his regiment ; and, after the Indies lert the
dining room, it having been I'creeived that none drank
port lint Mr. Pitt and I — the rest all taking claret, which
made the passing and repassingtlie bottle rather awkward,
I was voted into the chair at the head of the table, (i> /iiit
the liullle about! and that between the first ministers,
Pitt and Dundas! what 'on/y IhinI:,' and 'no nolionf,'
would .Miss Larolles have exclaimed I I, so notorious
fi)r always stopping the bolllc 1
" When we went to the ladies, music and cluerfulness
finished the evening. The hynm and the march were
not forgotten. In talking over I'izarro, Mr. Pilt related
very pleasanti}', an anmsing anecdolo of a total breaeli of
memory in some Mrs. Lloyd, a lady, or nominal house
keeper of Kensington Palace : ' being in company,' hi
Faiil, ' with Mr. Sheridan, without recolleding him,
while Pizarro was the topic of discussion, she sai<i to
him, "And so this fine Pizarro is printed ?" "Yes, so
I li?ar," said .Slarry. " .\nd did you ever in your life
read such stuff?" cried she. "Why, I In lieve its bad
enough !" quoth Sherry ; " but at least, madam, you must
allow its very loyal." " .\h 1" cried she, slinking her
Iiead, "loyal ' You dou't know its author so well as I
do ?"'
" In speaking, afterwards, of the great nuinlier of
young men who were just embarked for llollmd. Miss
(.'rewe, half jocosely, but no doubt half seriously, said it
would ruin all the balls 1 dti where could the poor fe-
males find partners? '(>,' said Mr. Pitt, with a pre-
tended air of coiidoleuee, 'you'll have partners plenf}' —
both houses of parliament !'
" ' Desidcs,' said Cunninj;, ' you'll luivc the whole bench
of bishops !'
" To be sure nobody laughed! Mr. Pilt, by the way,
is a great and loud laugher nt the jokes of others ; but
this was so half his own, that ho only made la petite
buui'ltr,
"Two days after all tliis, Mrs. nnd Miss Crewe
brought me on in my way home as t'ar as Caiiti rbiiry.
" Now what say you / Is this notu bclU' liisluirt!"
Mits. riiiLLira.
Early in October, 1700, the desolating iiilelligenec
reached West llnruble, that the lingering Miiliriiigs ol
the inestimable Siisiimia, from long latently undermining
her dcUcale frame, began openly to menace its deslriie.
tion.
What FCPncs were those which followed! how deep
till' tragdiv I How widn from their promised joys were
the finnly incetiniTs ! Yet all bis family impressively
hastened to the doctor, and all were kindly reoived.
Of the rest of Ibis melancholy year no veslige remains,
citlioi iVom the doctor or his biographer. Tlin begin-
ning of Ibi- now century lo them was the i, losing ol
hope, not the opi'Miiig of joy 1 and the poekot-book me
moiniitlimn of both are sterile and bliiik.
Ill li!<l)l, also, there was but a singlo ovnnt thai (Ik
doctor thou)j lit worth enmniltting lo paper: niid that,
indeed, was of u kind that no one who knew him eiiulil
road, first without tremlilmg, and no\t uilhoiit rejoieiii'.';
flir, ill thu summer of ICtll, and in his si'venly-si.vlb
ye.ir, he had an escape the inoal providential from sud-
den and violent destruelioii.
He had accompanied Mrs. Crowe, and sonic of her
fiiends, to a rnvie\; on Ascot heath, when, in ritmning
lionie by water, as the boat was di^iiiilmrkiiig its crew
ut Sluines, leeling hiiiiself light uikI woII, and cipial to
a small leap, hu jumped incautiously fium the boat on
wli.il bo bi'licvcd to he a tuft of grass; hut what proved
to be a moss eovored stoiio, or hillock, wlilcli, far I'lom
bending, as he had cvpnctml, to the tiiiiih of his loot,
■truck him Inekwards into the boat with I'rightliil vio-
lonco, nnd ii rl^k the most iinmlmMil of breaking his neck,
if not of frncliiring his skull. Happily, no smli iheailliil
evil ensued! and cvriy upocioa uf earu and kindness
wero vigilantly exerted to keep nioof I'urlher tuiicliiel
than ucciued from a tew brui.ses.
CVCI.OI'KDIA.
Nevertheless, Ihoiigh no fmtlier episodical event oc-
curred In 16UI, that year must by no means be pas.-etl
over without record in the memoirs of Ur. IJuriiey ; liir
it was marked by such extraordinnry intellectual exer-
tion as may also be called unparalleled, when consi-
dered as springing from volition, not necessity; and
from efforts tlio most vi. tnously philosophical, to while
away enervating sadncssnpon those changes and chances
that hang upon tlio very natnio of mortal existence:
for now, to tic his activity to Ills labours, ho entered
into a formal agreement with tho editors of the then
now Kneyclopcilia, to furnish all its musical articles at
stated periods.
Ho thus, in a letter of which he has left a copy,
though not tho addiosa, speaks of this enterprise to .some
friend :
" 1 have entered now into concerns that leave me not
a minute, or a thought, to bestow on other matters, fie-
sides profcssionalavocations, 1 have deeply engaged in a
work that can admit of no delay ; and which occupies
every instant which I can steal from business friends
or sleep. A now edition, on a very enlarged plan, ol
the Cyclopedia of Chambers, is now printing in two
double volumes Ilo, for which I have agreed to ftirnish
the musical arliclis, on a very large scale, incliulirig
wlialovor is connected with the subject; not only defi-
nitions of the musical technica, but reflections, discus,
sioiis, criticism, history, and biography. Tho lirsl
volume is priiiteil, and does not finish tho letter A. .\nd
ill nine mnntlis hnnl lalwiir, 1 havo not broiifiJit forth
two letters. I am more nnd more frightened every day
at tlio undertaking, so long after tho usual allowance of
three score years and ten Inivo oxpireil. And the
shortest calculation for the termination of this work is
still ten years."
And ill his letters to West Hamblo on the same sub-
ject, he mentions, that to riilfil his engagement, ho ge.
ncrally rises at five or six o'clock every morning I — in
his sevcnty-bixth year.
100-2.
This year partook not of any lack of incident ; it
eoinmenecd during tho operation and incerliludo of a
public transaction so big, in its conseipienees, with dci p
iniportaiiee to llie doiiiestie lili' of Dr. lUirni'y, lliut il
seems reiini.-ile for all that will lidiovv, lo enter into
such parts of its details as aU'ecteil the doctors feelings,
ihioiigh their iniluelieo over tlioso of his son-iii law,
ticncral d'.Arblay.
At the period of the peace of Amiens, in the proeed-
iiig year, the iiiinistor pleiiipoleiilinry who was .sent
over by Iloiiaparte, then only First Consul, to sign its
preliminaries, eliaiiecd lo bean artillery olliecr,(ienc'ial
do Laurislon, who had been en garrison, and in great
personal friindship, with General d'Arblay, during their
niutuni youth ; and with whom, as with all tho ctal mn-
jitr of I he regiment of T'oul, a connection of warm osioem
and intimacy had Pjitbliilly been kejit alive, till the
droadftil eatastropiic of tho 10th of August disperM'd
every otiicer who survived it, into the wandcrir.gs of
emigration, or tho mystery of conceahnent.
When Ibt^ name ol I.anriston roaehed West HaniMe,
its obseured, lint not eneivated, eliinf rushed eagorlv
from his hermitage to the nielro|Kilis, where be hii-lilV
wrote a (i'W impressive lines lo tlio new minister plcni-
polentiary, brielly deiiiaiiding whether or not, in his
present splinidid situation, he would avow an old camn-
railr, vvhosu life now was principally spent in enltivnlint'
cabbages in his own garden, for his own fiiniily nnd
table ?
Of this nolo lie was lliin to bo lits own bearer; and in
some hole! in, or near ,Sl, .(nines a street, ho discovered
the minister's alioile.
I'liaieoiitri'il, dres-ed only in his common garden (oat,
and wiaring no inililary appendage, or mark of military
rank, he liimid it very dilfienlt to gain ndriission into tin
boll I, even as a messenger ; lor siieli on , he called him-
self 'i'lie street wns crowik'd so as to be almost inipass-
able, IIS it was known to the public that tin' Kreiieh
minister was going llirlli to an nndienee (or signing the
preliinimiries of peace with Lord llawkesliury.
(hit M. d'Aiblay was not a iiian lo be easily balllrd.
((e resolutely tbreed bis way to the corridor leading to
thu minister's dressing iip.iltineiit. 'J'lieii', howcvi r, In
was arbitrarily slopped ; but would not retire: iinil oiiii-
pi 111 lithe lacipiey, who I'lidriivoiired to dismiss him, In
lake, null tu proiiiiuv tho iiunicdiulu dtilivery uf his note.
With a very wry f'n e, nnd an indignant siini^^ |||j
lacquey almost perllircc complied; carefully, Ikhvuhx
leaving anotliiT valet at the ontsidu of the door, to m'.
vent further iiiioad.
M. de (,aurislon was under the hands of his Iriznir
and reading a newspaper. 13ut the gazette gave place to the
billet, wliiuli, prob:ilily recollecting the liand-wrilin.r^ 1,5
rapidly ran over, and then eagerly, nnd in a voire nf I
emotion, emphatically demanded who had been iij
bearer.
A small ante-room nlone separated him from its ivri.
ter, who, hearing the question, energetically called oui'
" C'tst mni .'"
Up rose the minister, who opened one door liimsclf jj
.M. (I'Arblay broke through the other, and in the inidkt
of the little niile-room, tliey rushed into one aiiothir'n
arms.
If .M. d'.Vrblay was joyfully nfl'ectcd by this generous
reception, M. de [.nuriston was yet more moved in cm.
bracing his early Iriend, n horn re|iort had niingkd wiU.
the slaughtered of the llltli of August.
T'he meeting, indi'cd, was so peculiar, from the liioji 1
station of .M. de I.nuriston ; the superb equipage waitinr
at his door to carry him, for the most popular of pur.
po.scs, to an appointeil audience with n British niiiiisitr' I
and the glare, the paraile, the cost, the allendnnis, aiii I
the attentions by which he was encompassed, contrasted
with the worn, as well as plain habiliments of the re.
eluse of West Hanihle, that it gave n singularity tollis
equality of their manners to each other, and the mulu^
ality of the joy nnd affection of their cmbnircs, thti I
from first exciting the astonishment, next moved the ad. I
miration of the domestics of the minister plenipotcntiarv;
and particularly of his frizeur, who, probably, «a.s liis
first valet-dc-ehambre ; and who, while they were yet In
each other's amis, exclaimeil aloud, with that faini'liaritj
in H liich the Krencli indulge their favourite scrvaiib,
" Mafni ! vnilt} r/ui inl beau!'' .
This characteristic freedom of approbation broke into I
the pathos of the interview by causing a hearty lau;li; [
and .M. de Lnnriston, who then had not nnother insl:iiil 1
to spare, cordially invitid his recovered friend to break-
fast with him the next morning. I
.\t that break fist, .M. de Lauriston recorded the cir. I
cumstanccs that had led to his present situation, with all
the trust and openness of their enrly intercourse. .And!
sacred (Jeneral d'Arblay lieM that eonlidenee; nliitli
should have sunk into oblivion, hut for the after cirrimi.
stances, and present slate of things, which renilerall
that, then, was prudeiitially secret, now desirably |iiiblic.l
-No change, he said, of sentiment, no dereliction of j
prineijile, had inllueiiecd his entering into the service ofl
the republic. Personal gratitude alone bad broufhil
about that event. Whilst fighting, under the hanneraofl
Austria, against Ilonapartc, in one of the cnm|iai(;n» of I
Italy, 1.1 bad been taken prisoner, with nil Austrian |
Irnop. His companions in arms were immediately 0011.
veyeil to captivity, Ihire to stand Ihc ehnnces of ennlinf. I
nieiit or exchangi'; lint he, as a Frenchman, li:i(l beta I
singled out by the conquerors, and stigmatised as a df-
s( rier, by the party into whose hands he had fallen, andl
who condemned liim to be instantly shot ; tlinn(rh, ni ho I
had never served Honnpnrte, no Inws of eqiiilv reuld [
brnnd as a traitor the man who had but constantly ail. I
hered lo his first allegiance. Unniiparte hinisoU', eitlirrl
struck by this idea, or with n desire to obtnin n diMinf
guisbed officer of ;irlillei-y, of which alone hisarniyj
waiiti'da supply, IMl induced to start forwanl in |ifr. I
son, to slop the ex eiilion at the very instant it wiiscniii; |
lo take place. And to save .M. de I.auriston, at theMmfl
lime, from the ill will or vengeance of the sohlirrs Ifcl
luiparte eonccali 1' him, till the 'r'H) by » liirli lie lull [
been taken was elsewhere O'- ipn I ; .•onduiling hiiiwit I
in the meanwhile, with so luiii ,. , oiisideralinn ami kinil
nrss, tlinl the gentle heart of I,nurislon wns gained oml
by frateful li'eliiigs, and he accepted the post iitlerirtrd!
olVcred lo him of aid.ile.eamp to the I'irsl ('onsnli ivilkl
U'liiini, ill a shoit time, hi' rose to so much trust md ft- 1
\our, IIS to hieome the eolleagne of Duioc-, ns n ehwa I
and military, — though not, ns Dni.n', a cMiilldnilull
seeretary.
Iloiiaparte, I.auriston saiil, hiid named liini for I
imporliiul embassy to (Ongland from two ninlives: on« |
of which was, that he llionghl such a nominntioii iiiislil
he agreeable to the Fiiglish, as (.nuriston, who iv«"pi''l
grand-son or grand-nephew lo the liimous Law, of.Soiilli I
Sea notoriety, was of (hilisli exlmclion ; nnd ihr ollitf
iMis froMi |K'r'onal regard to Lauriston, that he mi\i\
open a negotiation, during his mission, fur llio rtcoHTH
ol' some part of his Scottish inheritanee.
At Ihitt, uiid a Hubaci|uvnt btvnkfiiit with M. dc I'l'
'<>■.!•
ME3IOIHS OF DR. KUUXEY.
403
iiuliitnanl Kliriitr, 11,5
I ; ciiri'fiilly, linwuvir,
lo of the (loor, to prt.
hands of his Iri/cur I
azcltc gave place to the
\ the liiiiid-writiiij;, he
y, nml in a voire nf |
I who had been its |
itnd him from its ivri.
lergelically called out; I
cd one door himself, u I
ithcr, and in tlie niid»t
cd into one auotliCT'i
cctcd by this ironcrous |
(it more moved in cm.
|H)rt liad mingled will, I
IffllSt.
eeiiliar, from the liigh I
i|)orb equipajTc waiting
most popular ot' pur.
ith a nritish minister; I
St, the attendants, and I
iicompassed, cnnlratlcd |
liahiliments of the re-
ve n singularity to llie I
; other, and the mulu. I
f their embrnees, that |
'Ut, next moved the ad.
lUiidter plonipotenliarv;
vlio, probably, was his I
while they wore yet in I
>d, with that fiuniliarity I
leir favourite servants,
npprobition broke into I
;ausing a hearty Inujh; I
tad not nnothiT inslinll
:overcd friend to break. I
■iston ricnrdeii the cir.
•fHeiit situalimi, with all I
imrly intcrraiirse. And I
[hat conlidrnee ; nliieh I
lit for the after rireuni.
ngs, whieli roniirr all I
't, now desiral)ly piiblif.
iieni, no derdictiuii of I
ring into Ibe service of I
Ic alone had brought L
g, under the banners of I
10 of the campaips of I
iner, with an Austrian I
were immediately eon.
the ehnneesof confine.!
Freiiehiuan, bad liofn|
(I Ktijrmalised as a de.
indH he had fallen, and I
lly fliot : lhnu);h, M ho I
lawn of r(|uily eouH |
iiid but eonstanth ad-
mi. parte hiiiisrll', rillierl
irr lo obtain a dislin. [
wliieh alnne bis array |
start forward in |«r.
rv instant it waspiiiij I
l.aiirisloii, at liiesanKl
of the snIiliiTs, Bo. I
11 hy wliieli he liiill
.■oiidiirliiicliinwKl
isiderulion anil W- f
rislon was j,'aineJ over I
iteil the post allerirtrdsl
e I'irst CmiMil; nilht
10 mueli Iriistiuiii'''
of Diiiiic, ns a ehwij
Dmoc, a coiifideiilul
iinmed liim for 1
■oni two nmlives: on« I
. h n niiniinntioii ini;hl I
lurislon, wliowaspull
liimoUH Law, of South r
.lelioii ; iind the olher
irisloii, thai he nimlil
isHion, for the reccvtrj
ilniiee. j
rust with M.dcUii-
li.luii, .M. d'Arbliiy diseu.ssed the most probable means
fjdjiniing his reforine, or half-pay, as some remunera-
lioii for bis past services nnd d<'privations. And M. de
Liiristoii warmly undertook to earry a letter on this
aiiTCl to Bonaparte's minister at war, Uerthicr ; with
iliia:, uiKler Louis the Sixteenth, M. d'Arblay iiad for
ijfrlv traiisaeted military business,
ll'wj.s Ibuiid, however, that nothing could be cflected
tilhout the presence of M. d'Arblay in France ; and
llnTel'ore, peace between the two nations being signed,
ijt deemed it right to set sail for the long-lost laud of his
kirlli. „ .
Iniincdi.ilely upon Ins arrival in Pans, a representa-
tion of his claims was presented to the First Consul liim-
Klf, aeeoiiipanied with words of kindliest inlercst in its
sBcei's<, bv the faithful tieiieral de Lauriston.
lloaaparle imiuired minutely into the merits of the
case, and into the military character of the claimant;
iuJ, having patiently heard the first account, nnd en};erly
inli'rrii(.'aled upon the second, he paused a few iniiiutis,
uidlhin said : "Let him serve in the army, if only lor
ont'Viar. Let him go to St. Domingo, and join Le
Clir;' and, at the end of the year, he shall be allowed
to retire, with rank and promolion."
This was the lasl purpose that had entered into the
Meets of M. d'.Vrblay ; yet, lo a military spirit, jcmIous
ofliislionour, and jiassionalely fond of his profession,
itivasa proposition impossible to be declined. It was
not lo combat for lionaparte, nor to fight against his ori-
rinal allegiance : it was to bear arms in the current
cause of bis country, in resisting the insurgents of St.
D:iina;;o, against whom he might equally li.ave been cm-
ployed by the monarch in whose service he had risked,
aaii llirougb whose misfortunes he had lost his all. lie
mcrily, therefore, stiiiulatcd to re-enter the army simply
isavolnnteer; with an agreed permission to quit it at
llieelosc of the campaign, whatever might lie its issue :
tad he then aeeepted from Herthier a commission for St.
Domiapo, wliieli, in the republican language adopted by
Rmijarlc on his first aceession to dictatorial power, was
aJJresHi'd to tc 'Jiloyrn Geiieral-iii-chief, le Cler; nnd
ithicli reeoiumended to that general that le (Jilm^ni Dai-
l,.iy should be employed us a di.stiiiguished artillery olli-
ttr.
M. d'Arblay next obtained leave to eoinc over to I'^ng-
laid lo settle bis private afl'airs ; lo make inmmierable
piirrlnses relative lo the expedition to St. Domingo; and
to bid adieu lo his wife and son.
1H02.
Dr. Iliirney received him with open arms, but tearful
inis. He li.id loo much candour to misjudge the nature
Iindlhe principles of a military character, so as to eeii-
Im iiis noii-refiisal of an olfered restoration to his pro-
lf»>iuM, since, at that moment, the peace between the two
Itounlries paralysed any peissible movement in favour of
Itlie royalists ; yet his grief at the circumstance, and his
|[oin|assioii for his dejected daughter, gave a gloom to
Itlie iransaelion that was deeply depressing.
The purebases were soon made, fir tho re-insfaled
Iniinof arms sunk n eoiisidcrablc sum lo be e.vpedilious-
llyarcoiitred; after which, repelling every drawback of
liiilcriial rehielanee, he was eager not lo exceed his Cur-
Ikfli; and, pronouncing on agitated farewell, liurried
Ibick to Paris ; purposing thence to proceed to Itrcst,
|«bence he was lo embark for his deslinntion.
DjI, inexpressibly niixioiis not to be niisimderstood,
Inor drawn into the service of Konapnrte beyond the con.
Ilricleil engageineiil, the day befiiri! he left Iiondun, M.
lOrhliy, with a singleness of integrity that m vcr ealcu.
llilidcoiise(|iu'nees wlu re he thought his honour and his
linlrrest niiglil pull dillerent ways, determined to be uu-
leilimoeally explicit, and addressed, therefore, a letter di-
|ietlly lo Hoiinparle.
This letter li(^ lmrrie<l ofl" by an olTieiiil express,
llhrniija Itoiiaparte's Iheii minister here, Al.Otto; who,
Irtfmailiiijr, I'liruardcd it under cover lo Le Ciloyeii
|Jliiii>lre de la (nirrre, Kerthier ; lo whom, as a fijriner
Iniililarv frieml, M. d'Arblay recominended its delivery
|to Is' I'reniier ( 'oiisul.t 1 liin done, M. d'Arblay pur-
led his own rniile.
•\ fri|;lil(iil eliasiii of nil inlelligpnoi- lo l>> nnrney
I'lKiuiUlhr Ibis crilieal di'parlure of M. d'Aiblay ; no
|liilini;seame over of his arrival at Hresl, his embarka-
* first linslmnd of Jloiiaparte'n sister, rnuli.ia, after
|««rd»l,a rriiiress Dorghese.
* III this siiignlar am! hazardous letter, deelining to
Iwararaisagiiiiisl I'liigland, ^L d'Arblay, who wrote il
■"n J sudden impulse, millier gavo Hor allowed one copy
I in tnjlund, except to M, Otlg.
lion, or even of his safety, after crossing the channel
in the remarkably tempestuou.'i month of February, in
I80i.'.
'I'lie causes of this mysterious silence would be too
eircumstantial for these .Memoirs, to which it belongs
only to state their result. 'I'he First Consul, uiion rciid-
iiig the letter of M. <rArl)lay, immediately withdrew his
military commission; and Uerthicr, in an olticial reply,
desired that le t'iloijen Oaibluy would consider that
cominission, and the letter to Otneral Lo Clcr, as non
aieiiufs.
lierthier, neverthcles.s, in tho document which annull-
ed the St. Domingo commission, and which must have
been written hy the personal command of IJonaparte,
since it was in answer to a letter that had been directed
immediately to liimself, calmly, and without rancour,
harshiu'ss, or satire, developed the reason of the recall,
ill simply saying, that since le t'ittiiji:n Duililay would
not bear arms against the couiilry of his wife, which
niiglil always, eventually, bear arms against France, he
could not be engaged in the service of the republic.
Bonaparte, stimulated, it is probable, by M. de Lauris-
lon's account of the frank an<l hnioiirable character of
iM. d'Arblay, contented hiins<lf with this simple aimul-
liiigaet; wilhout embittering it by any sligina, or de-
nonstrating any sus|)icious retcnlment.
This event, as has been hinted, produced important
conse(|Ucnees to Dr. UuriK y ; consequences tin' most
ungenial to his parental atVeetioiis ; though hi'.iipily, at
that period, not foreseen in their melancholy cxluit,'of a
ten years' complete and desperate separation from his
daughter d'Arblay.
Unsuspicious, therefore, of that appendcnt elTect of the
letter of M. d'Arblay to Hona parte, the satisliietion of
Dr. Uurney, at this tirst monient, that no son-in-law of
bis would bear arms, through any means, however inno-
cent, and with any intentions, liowever pure, under the
banners of Uonaparle, largely contributed lo make the
nn<'xpeeled tidings of this sudden change of situation an
epoch of eestacy, rather than of joy.
But far ditl'erent were the sensations to which this
turn of atVairs gave birth in M. d'Arblay. t^onstcrnation
stems too lame a word for the bewildered confusion of
his f( clings, at so abrupt a breaking up of an enterprise,
wliieli, though unsolieiled and umvislied lor in its origin,
had by degrees, Irom its recurrence to early habits, be-
come glow ingly animated to his ideas and his prospects.
Ibniaparte had not then blackened his glory by the
■seizure nnd sacrifice of the Comic d'ICnglu in ; and M.
<l'.\rblay, in cominon with several other admirers of the
military fame of the First Consul, had conceived a hope,
lo which he meant honestly to allude in his letter, that
till! final campaign of that great w.irrior would be a vo-
luntary imitation of the final eaiii|)aign of (ieneral Monk.
Little, therefore, as he had intended lo constitute Bu-
naparte, in any way, his chief, a breach such as this
in his own professional career, nearly mastered his faeiil-
tii^s with excess of perliirbation. 'J'o seem dismissed the
service ! — he could not brook the idea ; he was confound-
ed by his own position.
He applied to a generous friend,* high in military re-
putation, lo represent his disturbnnec lo llic First Consul.
Bonaparte consented lo grant an nudicnco on the suli-
jecl ; but almost instantly interriipled the application, by
saying, with vivacity, " 1 know that bur.iness ! Ilowivcr,
lei him be Ixaiiquil. it shall nut hurt hiin any further.
Theri^ was a time 1 might have been capable of acting
so myself I — "
Anil then, iifler a lillle ]niise, nnd w ith n look dome-
what ironic. il, but by no means ill-liumourid or unplea-
sant, he added ; " // iii'a cfii( u/i iliiilili: de Irltie!" — lie
slopt again, aft( r vvhiili, with a smile half gay, half cyni-
cal, he said; " Ilovviver, 1 ought only lo regard in il
the husband of Cecilia ;" and then abnipUy he broke uj)
the e'onil'reiiee.
Of llie niilUiir of Cecilia, of course, he me.Tiil.t
This ( erlainly was a trail of eandcnir and liberality
well by of a more geiille mind ; nnd which, till the evei
unp.'irdonabb^ massacre of llie Duke d'Kii^hein, softened,
in some measure, the ciuhinince of llie coiiipulsalory
slii- in I'raiKC that allerwarils <nsu( d to 1\1. d'Arblay.
I)r. limncy, meanwhile, from the lime Unit the St.
Domingo eoinmission was annulled, was in daily cxped-
alioii of the ri turn of his sen. inlaw, and Ihe re-eslab-
lislimenl of the little collage of West Ilamhlc ; — but
' (ieneral de La Fayette ; tt ho then, with his virliious
wife and family, resided at his old ebnlean id' La (•range ;
exclusively oeenpi»d hy iisefnl iigricullural experiments,
and exenipl.iry doiiii slie duties.
t Vanity, vanity, lliy name ii D'Arblay ! — Ed.
mournfully, alas, was he disappointed ! The painful
news arrived from M. d'Arblay, that, from the strange-
iKss of the eireiip.istaiiees in which he was involved, ho
could not quit France without seeiiiiiig to have gained
bis wish in losing his apiioiuliiienl. He determined,
Iheretiire, to remain a twdvemontli in Paris, to show
himself at hand in case of any change of orders. And
he desired, of course, to be joined there by his wife aiid
son.
lAL d'Arblay, however, wrote to that wife, to Dr. Bur-
ney, and to his dearly reverenced friend, ^\r. Locke, tho
most comforting assurance, thai, one single year revolv-
cd, he would return, with his lillle family, to the unam-
bitious enjoyment of friendship, repose, and West Ilam-
hlc.
By no means gaily did Dr. Burney receive (he account
of this arrange iiK lit. Cloomy forebodings clouded bin
brow; tlioiigh his daughter, exalted by joy and thank-
fulness that the peslileiilial climale of St. Demingo was
relinquished, and happily persuaded that another year
would le-unile her with her hnnomcd father, her brc-
lliren, and friends, assented with alacrity to llic seliemc.
Almost immediately, llicrcfure, it took place; tliongh not
b( fore the loyal heart of Dr. Burney had the soothing
(•niisolalion of linding, that the slep slicvvas taking was
liononred with the entire approbalion of her liencvcdent
late royal mistress ; w ho openly held llial lo follow the for-
tune of the man to whom she had given her hand, was
now her first duly in life.
No further narrative, of which the detail can bo per-
sonal or reciprocal with Iho editor, can now bo given of
Dr. Burney. Vluit Ibllows will be collected from frng-
incnls of nipiiioirs, and innnmeiable memorandums in
his own handwriting; from his letters, nnd those of
his family nnd friends ; and from various accidental, in-
cidental, and miscellaneous circumstanees.
By the picsidont of the Uoyal Society, Sir .Toscpli
liankes, llic doctor, from his own universal thirst of
knowledge, and nncoiiinion capacity for receiving, re-
taining and iiatnralisiiig its gilts, was wcleomcd on pub-
lie days as a wi.rlby brother ofllie learned and studious ;
and ill tho hours of piivate conviviality was courted yet
more from llie gaiety of his humour and the entcrlnin-
mentofhis niiecdote.s; Sir .Tosepli, when unbent from
thcstnte of Newlon's cliair, being ever merrily charmed,
to reciprocate sportive nonsense; various remnants of
which, laughingly nmnsiiig, but too ludicrous from the
liresideiil of a scieiilific society for tho press, uro
amongst tho pcisthiimous collections of the doctor.
In all, however, that was most cftieicnt in good, most
solid, most serious, most essential in comfort as well as
elegance, the noble kindness of the Duko of Portland
look the lead. Ili.s magiiifieent hospitality was nearly
withdiit parallel, Tho select invitations u[ion solcct
occasions to Biirrniglon House, with which his favour to
the diiclor had bogiui, were succeed! d by general ones
for all limes and all seasons; nnd with injunctions that
the doctor would choose his own days, and adjust their
frequency completely by his own convenience.
This carte blanrlie of admission at will was next ex-
tended from Burlington House to Bulstro<lo Park ;
where he was found so agreeable by tho noble host, ond
so pleasing to tho nubln fniiiily, that, in a short lime,
the duke urgcdjiim to take possession ofan nnappropri-
atcd aparlnunl, and to consider himself to be completely
at linnic ill that sumptuous dwelUng; where he had his
iiuirninga with undisturbed liberty, wholly at his own
disposal; w brio he evnn dined, according lo the stale of
liis health nnd spirits, .it tho duke's lablo or in his own
parlour; and wiieie. llniugh welcomed in any part of
the (lay lo every part of the house, ho was never trou-
bled Willi any enquiry for non-appearance, except at
the evening's assemblage; Ihongli not unfreqiiently tho
duKe mailo him personal visits of such alVcctionato
freedom, as signally to endear lo him this splendid hu-
bilaliiin.
So impressive, iiineed, was the regard of his grace for
Dr. Ilmiiey, and so aiiiiiialed was the gratiliidn of its re.
tuiii, lliat the enjoyments of Ihilstrodo Park, with all
their ipfned luxuries, and their cultivated scenery, soon
became less iliiin sieondary; they were nearly as no-
thing in llie calculation of the doctor, compared with
what he experieiieeil fiuiii tho cordial cunvcrBUtion and
kindness of tho Duke.
Such, added lo his f.iniily circle, were the nuaplcos
under which, to her groat coiisobitinn, his daughter
d'Arblay loll Dr. Ihirnoy in April, lri03.
Dr. Burney, upon this sepnialion, redoubled the vigi-
lance ol'liis si Ifexerlions lor turning to account every
monicul of lui uxistoncc. And his viiirils appear to b*
^:-^;
\v -'tJ-.-f,
,v.i,'.'.'ii
'If'
'^M>
,
*lv||
.•l,-"
^ in! "til
lA
* . ' 11
.<: villi
401
MEMOIRS OF DR. BL'RNEY.
;?:i
equal to every deiimnd upon thoir etFurts. In his first
letter to Paris, May 30, 1802, lie says :
*' I hopo, now, the two nations will heartily slialtc
liandi, and not bn quiet only tliomsolves, but keep the
rest of the world quiet. My hurries aro such at prcsonl,
as to oblige me to draw deeper than ever u|)on my sink-
ing fund. [His sleep.] Business, and more numerous
engajTcments than 1 iiave ever yet had, swallow all my
time; and this enormous Cyelo|>edia fills up all my
thoughts. I have been long an ABC dorian; and now
urn bceomc so for life.
In another loiter of the same year, written a few
months later, the Cyclopedia is no longer proclaimed to
be tho principal, but the exclusive occupation of the
doctor. 'I'he indcfhiigablo eagerness of its pursuit, will
best appear from his own account :
'•July lit, 1S02. — I have this day taken leave for this
year, of my town business, which broke into three pre-
cious mornings of my week, shivered the lord knows
how many links of the chain of my Cyclopedia, and lost
me even the interval of linio from tho trouble of collect-
ing the broken fragments of my materials, and re-putting
them to^ctiicr.
" In order to form some idea of tho total absorption of
my present life, by this herculean labour, added to my
u«ual hurricanes during tho town season, a delightful
letter of Twining himself", which I received some weeks
Qgn, runnins unanswered 1 I h;i ' a mind to see what I
could really do in twelve months, l)y driving tho quill at
every possible moment that I could steal from business
or reixjse, by day and by night, in bed and up ; and,
wit!) all this slir and toil, I have found it impracticable
to finish three letters of the alphabet 1"
Dr. Bnrney had now the shock of hearing that war
was unain declared with IVuncc ! And dire, most dire
and afilicting to his daughter, was tho similar informa-
tion, of learning that Bonaparte had peremptorily or-
dered Irfjrd Whit'.vorth to quit I'aris in a specified num-
ber of hours; anil that a brief term was dietatorially
fixed for either lollmviiig that amliassadur, or imniovc-
ably ren\aiiiing in Franco till tho coutcal should be
over.
The very peculiar position, in a military point ofvicw,
in which M. d'Arhlay now stood in his native country.
made it impo^^sible for him to leave it, at so critical a
juncture, in the hurried manner that the imperious de-
rree of tho French dictator commanded. It might seem
deserting his post! Ho felt, therefore, compelled, by
claims of professional observance, to abide the uncertain
storm where its first thunder rolled ; and to risk, at its
centre, the hazards of its circulation, and llic chances
of its course.
The unhappinoss caused by this decision was wholly
unmixed with murmurs from Dr. Burney, whoyo justice
and candour acknowledged it, in such a situation, to be
indispensable.
In 1H03, one short record alone has been found. That
ho wrote no more journal anecdotes that year, may be
chiefly attributed to his then intense application to lii»
Cyclopedia.
1804 turned out far more copious in events ond re
cit.ils; though saddening, however philosophical and
consonant to tho common laws of nature, aro tho refier-
t ions and avowals of Dr. Burnoy upon his this yeai's
birthday.
From the Duclor's Journal.
'• In 1804, in the month of April, I completed my 76th
year, and dccidiul to relinquish teaching and my nmsi.
cal patients; tor both my ears and my eyes were begin,
tiing to fail' me, I could still hear the most minute mu-
sical tone; but in conversation I lost the articulation,
ond was forced to make people at tho least distance from
me repeat every tiling that they said. Sometimes tho
niero tone of voiee, and the countonanco of the speaker,
told nin whiHhcr I was to smile or to frown ; but never so
explicitly as to allow me to venture at any reply to what
was said ! Yet I never, seemingly, have been more in
fitthion at any period of my life than this spring; never
invited to more conversaziones, assombluea, dinners, and
concerts. But I feel myself less and less able to hear a
part in general conversation every day, from the failure
of memory, paiticuhirly in names; and I am become
fearful of Imginning any story that occurs to nie, lest I
should be slo|iped short by hunting for Mr. How d'ye
call hiin's style and titles.
"I was very near-sighted from almut my .lOlh yoor;
but though it is usually thought that that sort of siirlit
improves with age, I have not discovered that the nation
waa well founded. My sight bocuino not only morel
short, but uioro foobl*. Instead of a concave glass, 1 1
was forced to have recourse to ono that was convex, and
that magnified highly, for pale ink and small tyjios."
In tho month of the following May, a similar ebullition
of political rancour with that which so difiiculUy had
been conquered for Mr. Canning, foamed over tho ballot
box of the Literary Club to the exclusion of Mr. IJogers ;
by whom it was the less ilcserved, from its contrast to
that poet's own widely opposite liberality, in never suf-
fering political opinions to shut out, either from his hos-
pitality or his friendship, those who invite thorn by con-
genial Ecntimcnts on other points.
Tho ensuing is copied from Dr. Burncy's own manu-
script observations upon this occurrence:
"May \st. I was at the Club, at which Rogers, put
up by Courtney, and seconded by me, wasballolted tor,
and blackballed ; I believe on account of his |Hilitics,
There can, indeed, bo nothing else against him. Ho is
a good |)oot, has a refined taste in all the arts ; has a se-
lect library of the best editions of the best authors in
most languages; has very fine pictures; very fine
drawings; and the finest collection I ever saw of the
best Etruscan vaecs ; and moreover, ho gives the best
dinners to the best company of men of talents and ge-
nius of any man I know; tfio best served and with the
best wines, li'jiteurs, kc. He is not fond of talking poli-
tic.*, for he i.s no Jacohin.enragi, though I beliove him
to bo a principled republican, and therefore in high fa-
vour with Mr, Fox and hi.i adherents. Cut ho is never
obtrusive ; and neither shuns nor dislikes a man for being
of a difierent political creed to himself: it is thorerorc,
that he and I, however wo may dissent upon that point,
concur so coinpletely on almost every other, that we
always meet with pleasure. And, in fact, he is much
esteemed by many persons belonging to tho government,
and about the court. His books of prints of the greatest
engravers from the greatest masters, in history, arclii-
lecluro, and antiquities, are of the first class. His house
in .St. .Tamos' Phice, looking into tho Green Park, is do-
liciously silual(.d, and furnished with great taste. Ho
seemed very desirous of being elected a member of llie
Club, to whiih, in fact, his talents would have done
honour ; few iiiuuare more fitted to conlributu to its en-
tcrtainincnls."
The doctor, long afterwards, in talking over tliis anec-
dote, said :
" There is no accounting for such gross injustice in
tho club ; except by acknowledging that there are dema-
gogues amongst them who enjoy as the highest privilege
of an old member, the power of excluding, with or willi-
out reason, a new one."
Here stop all journals, all notes, all memorandums of
Dr. Hurncy fur the rest of this year. Not another word
rcniiiins hearing its date.
The severest tax ujion longevity that, apart from his
parental ties, could be inllicled, was levied U|ion him at
this time, by tho heart-harrowing stroke of tho death of
.VIr. Twining.
It was not merely now, in the full tide of sorrow, that
Dr. Burney coidd neither speak nor write u|)on the loss
of thiit last-elccted bosom friend ; it was a siihjcct from
which he shrunk ever alVor, botli in conversation and by
letter : it w,is a grief too concentrated for complaint ; it
dcmaiidid not a vent by which, with time, it might be
solaced ; but a crush by which, though only morbidly,
it might he subdued : religion and philosophy might then
lead, conjointly, to calm endurance.
And not alone, though from superior sorrow aloft,
stood this deprivation. It was followed by other strokes
of similar liitality, each of which, but lor this pre-emi-
nent cahiinily, would have proved of tragic elVeet: fiir
ho had successively to mourn, First, the fiivourite, he
most highly pri/.cd by his deplored early partner, as well
as by hir successor; and who came marest to his own
findings from the tender ties in which she had luen
entwined — Dolly Young; for so, to the Kist hour, she
was called by those who had early known and loved her,
Irom a certain caressing phasme annexed to that youth-
ful appellation, that seemed in unison with the gomiine
simplicity ol'her character.
Second, .Mr. Coxe, the oldest and most attached of his
assoeiiiles from early lilV.
Third, I.nrd Macartney, a far newer connection, but
ono whose lively intelligenci, and generous kindness, cut
off all neiT'ssily for the usual routine of time to fasten
iittachiiH'nt. And with Lord .Macartney, from the retired
life whieli hi.'< lordship generally led after hisemba.xsy to
Chino, the doctor's intei-course had become more than
ever ainieal. This, therefore, was a loss to his spirits
arid exertions, as well as to his RlFections, which he fell
with strong regret.
Fourth, that distinguished ludy whose kolid wortli and
faithful friendship compensated for manners the nio |
uncouth, and language tho most unpolished,— Lady Jljj
Duncan. • I
Fifth, tho celebrated Elizabeth Carter ; in whom he I
missed an admiring as well as an admired friend, ih, I
honour of whose attachment both fi)r him mid ftr fci I
daughter, is recorded by her nephew, Mr. Pennington in I
her memoirs.
The doctor truly revered in Mrs. Carter the rare I
union of humility with learning, and of piety with thm I
fulness. He frequently, and always with pleasure, con I
veyed her to or from her home, when they visited i]]« I
same parties ; and always enjoyed those opimrtuniiics jj I
comparing notes with her, on such topics as were not I
light enough for the large or mixed companies whiii,
they were just seeking, or had just left : topics, howotr I
which they always treated with simplicity; for j|f,'|
Carter, though natively more serious, and lioliiiuaUfl
more studious than Dr. Burney, was as free from pcdauin- 1
as himself. ' |
By temperance of life and conduct, activity of bojy
and equanimity of mind, she nearly reached licr Duiii' I
year in such health and strength as to be able to nu^j I
morning calls upon her favourite friends, without car. I
riage, companion or servant. And with all her modcsil
humility upon her personal acquirements, she had adi;.|
nificd pride of independence, that invested her with (^5!
good sense to feel rather exalted than ashamed, at owiiif I
her powers of going forth to hor own unaided scli. f
exertion. I
And sixth, the man who, once tlic most accomplishoj I
of his race, had for half his life loved tho doctor \iitlil
even passionate regard — Mr. Grcville. I
AH these sad, and truly saddening, catastrophes ncrel
unknown, in their succession, to the memorialist; wlioml
they only reached in the aggregate of their loss, wIkj I
after a long, unexplained, and ill-boding silence, Dr!!
Burney imposed njion himself the hard task ofannouncinjl
the irrciiiediablc afiliction he had sustained throuriil
these reiterated and awful visitations of death, Andl
then, to spare his worn and harassed sensibility anv de.l
velopment of his feelings, he thus summed up tlie iiiclacf
choly list in one short paragraph : I
" Time," he says, " has made sad havoc amongst mvl
dearest friends of late Twining! Dolly VouiieJ
.Mr. Coxe; Lord Macartney; Lady IVlary Uuncaii;-!
|)oor Elizabeth Carter a few inontlis ago ; — Mr, Grctillil
only a few weeks I" I
He then permits himself to go back to one pattiojl
plirase: I
" But though, in spite of ago and infirmities, I liavel
lately more than doubled the number of friends I havcl
lost — tho iiiciicii of thoso ubovc-nicntioncd can never hi
filled !"
Of his ancient and long-attached friend, Mr, GrcvilieJ
little and merely melancholy is what now can be aildcAl
His death was rather a shock than a loss ; but it con.|
siderahly disturbed tlie doctor. Mr. tJrevillc had gotel
im in his metaphysical career, fatiguing his spirilf, kl
ra.ssing his understanding, and consuming tho time tfl
his friends nearly as much as his own, till, one by om,I
each of them eluded him as a foe. How could i( bel
otherwise, when the least dissonance upon any pcintl
upon which ho opened a controversial disquisilicn.Ml
disordered his nervous system, that he could take col
rest till he had re-stated all his arguments in an claborilfj
and commonly sarcastic epistle ? which neees.sarily prtl
vokcd a paper war, so jirolific of dispute, tliiil, it' ikl
adversary had not regularly broken up the corre.«|ioni)oii(e|
.ifter the first week or two, it must have teriiiiuatid li;l
consuming the stores of every stationer in l.ioiidon. I
His wrath upon such desertions was too pcoriiriill«l
.iny appeal. Yet so iwwerful was still the renieniliranal
of his brilliant opening into life, and of his niaiiyliMl
ipialities, that his loss to society was nevi r iiieiitiondl
without regret, either by those who abandoned liiiii,(«l
by those whom he discarded, I
l)r, Burney was ono of tho last, from the pcculiiril;!
of their intercourse, to have given it up, had itnotbcen,!
he declared, necessary to have hud two lives for BUsliii,!
ing it wilhout hostility ; one of them for liiniscir, liiil
f imily, and his life's pur|)oscB ; the other wholly furMr.l
(Ireville ; — who never could bo content with any coni)<I
lition against his personal claims to the nionopoly ol'lix I
lime and the thoughts of his tViends.
Yet whatever may have disturbed, nothing nrrmstoj
have shortened his existence, since, though nearly abcMl-l
ed from his family, estranged from his conneelion*, aid I
morbidly at war with the world, the closing serne ofilll
his gaieties and all his failures did not shut inlillwiitl
time uller his 90th year.
,<A'
lor manners tlie niosi l
ipolished,— Lady li^,, I
I Carter ; in whom he
m adniired friend, the
til for him nnd for i[,
cw, Mr. I'cnuington, in i
Mrs. Carter the nn I
indol' piety withchw. I
ays with pleasure, con. I
, when they visited Uis I
d those opportuiiitics ii I
uch topics aa were noi I
ixcd companies which I
st left : topics, however |
li simplicity; for Jif,1
serious, and Imbilualljl
as as free from pcdaalrj- 1
nduct, activity of Ikkji I
learly reached hcraoiiil
1 as to be able to mAe |
te friends, without car. I
\nd with all her modid I
irements, she had a dig. I
X invested her wilh ibel
than ashamed, at owinil
bor own unaided sdi'.f
! the most accomplished I
! loved the doctor «iih|
cville. I
;ning, catastrophes were I
the memorialist; whonl
ate of their loss, whm I
I ill-boding silence, Di.l
hard task of announcinjl
had sustained throupbl
itations of death. Anil
asscd sensibility any l.
is summed up llie mclicl
li: I
e sad havoc amongst mj I
ling! Dolly Younsir
Lady Mary Duncaii;-L
mtlis ago ; — Mr. GrcvillJ
MEMOIKS OP DR. BUONEY.
405
'o back to one parting I
and infirmities, I haul
umber of trieiids 1 havcl
icntioucd can never t«|
lied friend, Mr. GrcvillfJ
what now can be addn!,|
than a loss ; but it
Mr. {Jrevillc had gcnel
ntiguing his spirits, hi.l
consuming the lime cfl
is own, till, one lij- on(,|
foe. How could it l)e|
lanco upon any |ici»tl
ovorsial disquisilion.Nl
, that he could lake col
{umcnts in lui clulx)ratt,r
which ncccs.'^aril)' pti>.l
of dispute, thai, il' thcl
n up the corrc'?ponden(«|
lUst have tcriuinalid kjl
iitloncr in Ijoudon,
ns was too fconilultil
s slill the reiueMdiranal
and of his many iintl
was iR'vir merilionuir
who abandoned biin, or I
it, from the peculiarilfl
it up, had it nuttni,!
d two lives for susUit-f
tliem for himself, 1
he other wholly for Mr.l
nnUmt with onyr,ora|f-|
to the Hionoiiolyol'tli<|
nds,
rlKjd, nothing sefmil)!
, though nearly ilicnilT
<ni his conncclioin,ii«lj
he closing scone of ill
id not shut In till lom I
Lady .Mary Duncan bequeathed to Dr. Burncy the
thole of her great and curious collection of music,
priulcd and manuscript, with £600.
1805.
Fortunately for Dr. Burncy, another year was not per.
milled wholly to wane away, ere circumstances occurred
1^' so much movement and interest, that they operated
Ijlie a species of amnesty upon the sufferings oftlio year
iasti'ono by ; and enabled him to pass over submissively
jjjjlieivy privations; and, once again, to go checrtully
00 ill lil'^ "'"'' what yet remained lor contentment.
The chief mover to this practical philosophy was the
indel'atigabie Mrs. Crewe ; who by degrees, skilful and
kind, so lured him from mourning and retirement to
mlitude and society, that his seclusion insensibly ended
bt enlisting him in more diffuse social entertainments,
tiian any in which ho had licretotbre mi.\cd.
What will now follow, will bo copied from the memoir
book of Dr. Burncy of this month of May ; which, after
a dreary winter of sorrow, seemed to have been hailed as
ccnially by the historian of music, as by the minstrelsy
of the woods.
"1605. — In May, at a concert at Lady Salisbury's, 1
wa.; cttrcinely pleased, both with the music and the per-
lorinancc. The former was chieHy selected by the
Prince of Wales. » • » I had not been five minutes
in the concert room, before a messenger, sent to mc by
his royal highness, gave me a command to join him,
irliich I did eagerly enough ; when his royal highness
wacioiisly condescended to order me to sit down by liim,
and kept lue to th.it high honour the whole evening.
Our ideas, by his eogaging invitation, were reciprocated
upon every piece, and its execution. After the concert.
Lady .Melbourne, who, when Miss Milbanlic, had been
CM of niy first scholars on my return to London from
Lvnri, obligingly complained that she had otlen vainly
tried to tempt mc to diiio with her, but would make one
efort more now, by his royal higlmess's permission, that
1 might meet, at Lord Melbourne's table, with the Prince
ofWah
"Of course I expressed as well as I could, my sense of
so hijfh and unexpected an honour ; and the prince, with
3 sniilc of unequalled courtesy, said, ' Aye, do conic. Dr.
Barncv, and bring your son with you.' And then, turn-
in; to Lady iMelbourne, he added, — ' It is singular tiiat
tlic lather should be the best, and almost the only good
judge of music in the kingdom ; nnd his son tho best
sehular.'
" .N'othing, however, for tho present, came of this : but
early in July, at a concert at Lady Newark's I first saw,
to my knowledge, their royal highnesses, the dukes of
Camiierland and Cambridge. These princes had lived
10 much abroad, that I tliought I hud never before beheld
them ; till I found my mistake, by their both s|>caking
to mc, when I stood near them, not only familiarly, but
viilli distinction ; which I attribute to their respect to
the noble giaciousness they might have observed in their
august brother ; whose notice had something in it so en-
faging as aUvays to brighten us well as honour mc.
" But I heard nothing more of the projected dinner,
till I met Lady Melbourne at an assembly at the Dowager
Udy Sel^on's ; when I ventured to tell her ladyship that
I feared the dinner which my son Miid I were most
iinbitious should take place, was relinquished. ' By no
means,' she answered, ' for the prince really desired il.'
\ni, after a note or two of tin; best bred civility from
her ladyship, the day was settled by his royal higliness,
for-
"Jnli/Oth. — Tho prince did not make tho company
wait at Whitehall (Lord Melbourne's) ; he wa.s not five
minulcs beyond the appointed time, a quarter past six
o'clock : tliniigh ho is said never to dine at Carlton
House liefore eight. The company consisted, besides
the prince and the lord and lady of flic house, with their
I'Jo sons nnd two daughters, of I'/.irln Kjrrcmont nnd
t Hvprr, .Mr. and I,aily C'arolin
Mr. Hnriior, nnd Mr. Windham.
i'.grci
), Mr.
Luttcrcl,
"The dinner was sumptuous, of course, &.e.
"1 had almost made a solemn vow, early in life, to quit
the world wilhout overdrinking a ili-y dram; but tho
heroic virtnii of a long life was overset by his royal
higliness, Ihrough the irresistible temptation to bobbing
inJ niibbing with such a partner in a glass of cherry
brandy! 'I'ho spirit of it, however, was so finely sub-
ducd, that it was not more potent than n dose of pepper-
mint water ; which I have always called a dram.
"The conversation was lively and general the chief
!»rl of the evening ; but about midnight ifturned upjn
music, on which subject his royal higlmoM deigned so
wholly louddiC8» himself tome, that wo kept it up a full
lalf hour, without any one else olVeriiig a word. We
were, generally, in perfect luno in our opinions; though
once or twice I ventured to dissent from his royal liigli-
ness ; and once ho condescended to come over t
argument: and he had tlio ciiill, as well as noblene.
put me as perfectly at my ease in expressing my iiolioi..H,
as 1 should have been with any other iierfeetly well-bred
man.
" The subject was then changed to classical lore ; nnd
here his royal highness, with similar eondcseension, ad-
dressed himselftc my son, as to a man of erudition, whose
ideas, on learned topics, he respected ; and a lull discus-
sion followed, of several literary matters.
" When the prince rose to go to another room, we
met Lady Melbourne and her daughter, just returned
from tho opera ; to which they had been wliile we sat
over the wine, (and eke the cherry brandy); and from
which they came back in exact time for coflTec ! The
prince here, coining up to mc, most graciously took my
hand, and said, ' I am glad we got, at last, to our favourite
subject.' He then made mo sit down by him, close to
the keys of a piano-forte ; where, in a low voice, but face
to face, wc talked again upon music, and uttered our
sentiments with, I may safely say, equal ease and free-
dom ; BO ]K>Utcly he encouraged my openness and sin-
cerity.
I then ventured to mention that I had a book in my
possession that I regarded as the property of his royal
liighiiess. It was a set of my Commemoration of Handel,
wliieh I had had splendidly bound for permitted presenta-
tion through the medium of Lord St. Asaph; but which
had not been received, from public casualties. His royal
highness answered nie with the most engaging good
humour, saying that he was now building a library, and
that, when it was finished, mine should be the first book
placed in his collection. Nobody is so prompt at polite
and gratifying compliments as this gracious prince. I
had no conception of his accomplishments. lie quite
astonished mc by his learning, in conversing with my
son, after my own musical trie-d-trle dialogue with him
He quoted limner in Greek as readily as if quoting
Diyclen or Pope in English : and, in general conversation
during the dinner, he discovered a fund of wit and hu-
mour such as demonstrated him a man of reading and
parts, who knew how to discriminate characters. IJe is,
besides, an incompar.iblc mimic. He counterfeited Dr.
Parr's lisp, language, and manner, and Kemble's voice
and accent, both on nnd oft' the stage, so accurately, so
nicely, so free from caricature, that, had I been in
another room, I should have sworn they had been speak-
ing tlicinselves. Upon the whole, I cannot terminate my
aecoimt of this prince belter than by asserting it as my
opinion, from the knowledge 1 acquired by my observa-
tions of this night, that he lias as much conversational
talent, nnd fur morn learning than Charles tho Second ;
who knew no more, even of orthography, tlian Moliiirc's
Hoiinfei'in GcntiUiomme.'^
The severe disappointments, with their aggravating
circumstances, that repeatedly had deprived Dr. Hurney
of tho first post of nominal honour in his profession,
which tho whole musical world, not only of his own
country, but of I'-urope, would have voted to bo his due,
were now, from his advanced stage in life, closing, with
out further struggle, into inevitable submission.
Vet his many frienils to whom this history was familiar,
and who knew that the approbation of the king, from
the earliest time tliot the doctor had been made known
to his majesty, had invariably been in his favour, could
not acquiesce in this resignation ; and suggested amongst
themselves the propriety of presenting Dr. Burney to the
king, as a fit object for the next vacancy that might
occur, in the literary line, for a pension to a man of let-
ters. And, upon the death of Mrs. Murphy, Mr. Crewe
endeavoured lo begin a canvass.
l!ut an audience with the king, at that moment, from
various illnesses and culumilies, was so little attainable,
that no application had been found feasible r weeks,
montlis, again rolled away without tho effort ; and
nothing, certainly, could bo go uncxpcefed, so utterly
unlooked for, in the course of things, as that Dr. Hurney,
the most jealous adherent to government principles, and
the most decided enemy to deinncralic doctrines, should
finally receive all tho remuneration he ever allaiued for
his elaborato workings in that art, which, of all others,
was the avowed favourite of his king, under the adminis-
tration of the great chief of opposition, Charles Fox.»
So, however it was; for when, in the year ISOfi, that
renowned orator [of liberty, found himself suddenly,
uid, by the premature death of Mr. Pilt, almost una-
voidalily raised to the head of tlic .state, Mrs.Crewe started
a claim tiir Dr. Burney.
Mr. Windham was instant and animated in supporting
it. Mr. l''ox, with his accustomed grace, where he hud
a favour to bestow, gave it his ready countenance; tho
king's sign manual was granted with alacrity of appro-
bation; and the faithful, invaluable Lady Cukwe, whilo
her own new honours were freshly ornamenting li<ir
brow, had tho cordial happiness of announcing to her
iinsoliciting and no longer expecting old friend, his par-
ticipation in the new turn of the tide.
It was Lord Grenville, however, who was tlie imme-
diately apparent agent in this gill of the crown ; though
Charles Fo.x, there can be no doubt, had a real share of
pleasure in propitiating such a reward to a friend and
fiivourile of Lord and Lady Crewe ; to s( Itle whose long
withheld title was amongst the first oflieial acts of his
friendship upon coming into power.
The pension accorded was £300 per annum, nnd tlie
pleasure cau.scd by this benevolent royal act amongst the
innumerable friends of the man of four-score — for such,
now, was Dr. Burney — was great almost to exultation.
And, in truth, so little had his financial address kept
pace with his mental abilities, that, previously to this
grant, he had found it necessary, in relinquishing tlio
practice of his profession, to relinquish his carriage.
The health and spirits of Dr. Burney were now so
good, that he seized an opportunity for writing in the
same montli, to his truly grateful daughter :
" 12//t October.
" My Dear Fanny, — " Do you rcmcinber a letter of
thanks which I received from IJousseau for a present of
music which I sent him, with a printed copy of The
Cunning Man, that I had Englisliii-cd from his Dirnn
(III ruidge? I thought my.self the most fortunate of
beings, in 1770, to have obtained an hour's conversation
with him; for he was then more dilVicult of access than
ever, especially to the English, being out of humour
with the whole nation, from resentment of Horace Wnl-
polc's forged leller from flic King of Prussia ; and he
had determined, he said, never to read or write again '.
Guy, the famous bookseller, was the only |H.rson he then
admitted ; and it was through the sagacious good oftices
of this truly eminent book-man, urged by my friends.
Count d'Hofbach, Diderot, &,c., that the interview I so
ardently aspired at was procured for me. Well, this
letter from the great Jean Jacques, which I had not seen
hcsc twenty years, I have latily found in a cover from
Lord Harcourt, to whom I had lent it, when his lordship
was preparing a list of all Rous.scau's works, forthe benefit
of his widow ; which, however, he left to find another
editor, when M.idainc Uous.seau relinquished her celcbr.-ited
name, to become the wife of some ordinary man. Lord
Harcourt then returned my letter, and, upon a recent
review of il, I was quite struck with the politeness and
condiscension with which Jean Jacques had ncecpted
my little offering, at a time when he refii-i d all nssist.
ance, nay, nil courtesy, fVom the first porj-ons both of
England and France. I am now writing in bed, nnd
have not the original to quote ; but, as tar as I can re-
member, he concludes his letter with the following flat-
tering lines ;
' The works, sir, which you have presented to mc,
will often call to my remeinbrance the pleasure I had in
seeing and hearing you ; and will augment my retrret at
my not being able sometimes to renew that pleasure. I
entreat you, sir, to accept my humble salutations.
Jea.N JaCQL'ES Itol'SSEAU.'
• A mark of genuine liberality this in Mr. Fox, who,
like Mr. Burke, in the ttfTuirs of Chelsea College, clearly
lield that men of icicncn and letter* iliould, in all sreiil
" I give you this in Engli.sh, not daring, by memory,
to quote J. J. Rousseau. It was directed to M. Burney,
in iiondon ; and, I believe, under cover to Lord Harcourt,
who always was his op<n protector. But is it not ex-
traordinary, my dear Fanny, that the most llattcrinff
hitlers I have received should he from Dr. J<ihnson nnd
J. J. Housscau 7 I can account for it in no other way
than from my always treating them with openness nnd
frankness, yet with that regard nnd reverence which
their great literary powers inspired. Mmli as I loved
nnd respected the good and great Dr. Johnson, I saw
his prejudices and severity of character. Nor was I blind
to Rousseau's ceeentricities. principles, nnd parndo.M » in
all things but music; in which his tusii nnd views, pur-
lienlarly in drnmatic music, were adnurable; and sup-
ported with more wit, reasim, nnd relineinrut, than by
■n
stales, bo publicly encouraged, without wounding tlieir
feelings by t-hnckling their npinionii.
V'
400
IHEiMOinS OF nU. m UNEY.
ill*--
any writer on tlji.' wil>jcct, iu aiiv liiii!riiiij,'e wliicli 1 am
able to rt'iid. Hut us 1 liuil no nicans to corrict llu.' pre.
jiidicra oftlio oiio, nor the princi|iles ot'llie oilier ol'tlieso
extraordinary persons, was I to shun and detest tlie
whole man heeaiise of his peecanl jiarts ? Aneicut and
modern jroets and sages, philosopcrs and moralists, sidi-
serihe to the a.\iom, kumiiniim est cirare, and yet, every
individual, whatever bo liis virtues, stienee, or talents, is
treated, it" his frailties are diseovercd, as if the character-
istic of liuman nature were perfuelion, and the least
diminution t'roni it were unnatural and unpardonable !
God bless you, my dear Fanny. Write soon, and loijj,', 1
entreat."
In this same, to Dr. Hurney, memorable year, 180C,
lie had the agreeable surprise of a first invitation Ironi
Mr. West, president of the Hoyal Academy, to the annual
dinner given by its directors to the most munilicent
patrons, capital artists, distinguished judges, or eminent
men of letters of tlie day, for the purpose of assembling
them to a private and undisturbed view of the works
prepared for Ibrming the cxhiljition of the current jear.
liy th.it grand painter, and delightful man of letters,
Sir Joshua Reynolds, Dr. Hurney, irom the time of their
first happy intimacy, had regularly been incluiled ia the
annual invitations ; but Mr. \Vest was unacquainted,
personally, with the doctor, and had, of course, his own
set and friends to oblige. Wliat led to this late com-
pliment, afler a ch.asm of fourteen years, does not appear ;
but the xemembrauec occurred at a inomint of revived
exertion, and the doctor accepted it with exceeding satis
faction.
Towards the close of this year, 1807, Dr. Hurney liac:
an infliction which nearly robbed him of his long-tried,
and hitherto almost invuhierable force of mind, ibr bearing
the rude assaults of misfortune : this was a paralytic
stroke, which, in easting his lell liand into u state of
torpor, threw his heart, head, and nerves into one of
ceaseless agitation, from an unremitting expectance of
abrupt dissolution.
His own account of this trying event, written in the
following year, in answer to his daughter's alarm at his
silence, will show the full and surprising return of his
spirits and health upon his recovery:
" TO .M.VD.\ME d'aRBLW.
"-VoD. mil, 180S.
" My dear Fanny, — The com|)lalnts made, in one cf
the two short notes which 1 have received, of letters never
answered, Old (Charles returns — as his account of family
atiairs he finds has never reached you. Indeed, ffir these
last two or three years, I have had nothing good to say
of oirn self; and I peremptorily charged all the rest of
the tamily to .s.ay nothing bud on the subject of health:
for I never understood the kindness of alarming distant
friends with areounts of "severe illness, — as we may be
either recovered or dead before the iutbrmatiou reaches
them.
* « • *
" I wrote yi.u an account of my excursion to Bristol
Hotwells : but I had not been retnrncil to Chelsea more
th.an three days, before I had an alarming seizure in my
left hand, which neither heat, friction, nor medicines
could subdue. It felt perfectly asleep; in a state of im-
movable torpor. My medical friends would not tell me
what this obstinate iiumbness was ; but I discovered by
their prescriptions, and advice as to regimen, that it was
neither more nor less than a paralytic atl'eetion ; and,
near Christm.Vi it w.ih pronounced to be a Hath case,
((n Christinas eve, I set out for that city, extremely
weak and ilispirited : the roads terrilile, and almost in-
cessant torrents of rain all the way. I was five days on
the journey; I took Fanny I'hillips with me, and we had
excellent apartments on the South Parade, which is
always warm when any sun shines. 1 put mysi If under
the eare of Dr. I'arry, who, having resided, and praeliscii
physic at Hath more than forty years, must, calcris
paribM, know the virtues and vices of Hath waters better
than the most renowned physicians in Iiondon. To give
them fair play, I remained tiiree nioiilhs in this eilv;
and I found my hand much more alive, and my geiiei'.il
health very considerably amended. Hut, 1 eanght so
violent a fresh cold in my journey home, that it was
called what the French style n Fluxion de iioi/iiiir, and
I was iininedialely confined to my bed at Chelsea, and
unable to eat, sleep, or speak. Strict starvation was then
ordered ; but softened off into lish and asparagus us soon
as possible, by our wise and good iKseulapius, .Sir Walter
Faripihar: and now I am idlowed poultry and game,
under certain rcslrictions, and find myself lolerably well
ugaiii. All this tedious account of mm self should still
have been suppressed, but fliat I feared it might reach
you by some otiier means, and give you greater alarm;
1 determined, therefore, to tell you the trulli, the whole
Iriilh, Sir., with my own paw : iKing able, at the same
time, to write you that, eoii^'h excipted, which rilurns
w illi riild wiallier, 1 pa.-s-cd last summer more free Irom
eomplaiiit than I have pa.ssed any liir many preceding
years. And now it is lime to say something of your
other kindred, wiiose names you languish, you say, to see.
» « « « *
" I have forgotten to mention that, during my invalidity
at Hath, I had an imcxpectid visit Irom your ci-dtraul
Streathani friend, of whom I h id lust siglit for more
than ten years. When her name was sent in, I was
iiiueh surprised, but desired she might lie asked to follow
it : and I received her as an old friend with whom I had
spent much time viry happily, and never wished to
i|uaricl. She still looks well, but is grave and seems to
be turned into candour ilself : though .she still saj-s gooil
things, and writes admirable notes, and, I am told, letters
We shook hands very cordially ; and avoided any allusion
to our long se|)aralion and its cause. Her caro sposu
still lives ; but is such an object, Irom the gout, tliat the
account of his sulVerings made me pity him sincerely.
He wished, she told ine, to see his old I'riend ; and, uii
beau viatin, 1 could not refuse compliance with this wish
I found him in great pain, but very glad to sec me
The old rrneour, or ill-will, excited by our desire to
iiiipede the marriage, is totally worn away. Indeed, it
never could have existed, but from lirr imprudence in
betraying to him that proof of our friendship for her,
which ought never to have been regarded as spleen
against him, who, certainly, nolmdy could blame for ac
cepting a gay rich widow. What could a man do
better V"«
* » * *
It is well worthy of notice, and greatly in favour of
the Hath waters tor paralytic allections, that Dr. Hurney
never had a return ol his alarming seizure of the hand ;
and never to the end of his life, which was yet prolonged
several years, had any other paralytic attack.
It was during this residence at Ifatli that Dr. Burney
made his last will; in which, after settling his various
legacies, he left his two eldest daughters, Esther and
Frances, his residuary legatees ; and nominated his sons.
Captain James Hurney and Dr. Charles Burney, liis
executors.
I)I{. IiriiXEV's aiEMOIRS.
It was here, also, after a cessation of twenty-four years,
that the doctor recurred to his long dormant scheme of
writing his own memoirs.
If, at the date of its design and commencement, in
I'f^'i, his plan had bei n put into execution, according to
the nobly independent ideas, and widely lilieral intention
of its projection, Cvw are the individual narratives of a
private life in the last century, that eoidd have exhibited
1 more expansive, inrorining, general, or philosophical
view of society Ihau lliose of Dr. Hurney.
Hut, in IMJT, though the uncommon |)owcrs of his
line mind were still unimpaired for conversation or en-
joyment, his frame had received a blow, and his spirits a
suspensive shock, that eniiscd a marked diminution of
his resources for composition.
His imagination, hitherto the most Tivid, even amidst
sorrow, ealamily, nay eare, nay sickness, n.iy ago, was
now no longer, as heretofore, rambling abroad and at
will for support and lenovation. A fixed object, as
ho expiesscd himself in various htters of tliat date, had
seized, occupied, absorbed it. The alaiin excited liy a
paralytic attack is far more baneful than its sutfering;
for every rising dawn, and every darkening eve look
tremblingly for its sncus.sor; and the sword of Damocles,
as he mournfully declared, eeeined eternally waving
over his head.
The spirit, therefore, of composition was now, though
not lost, enervated; and the whole liirce of his faculties
was cast exclusively upmi his memory, in the retearch
of past incidents that might soothe his aft'ections, or re>
en all his liiney ; but bereft of those exhilarating ideas,
which, previously to this alarm, had given attraction to
whatever had lallen from his pen.
Ilciiee arose, in that va.st compilation for which, ft-om
this time, he began collecting materials and reminiscences.
* At Ilulh, also, inanj' years afterwards, an interecmrse,
hnth personal and epistolary, belween Mrs. I'iozzi and
(his memorialist, was renewed ; and was gliding on to
reluming feelings of the early cordiality, that, gaily and
delighlfiilly, had b<'en endearing to holli — when calami-
tons cirrumstancrB caused a new Ecparation, that soon
afterwards became Gnal by the deotii of Mrs. Fiozti.
a neivcless laxity of expri\ssion, a nionotoiieus ptolisif
of detail, that, upon the n.alurest exaniinatiiai, duiil.j
this memorialist to abridge, to simplily, or to dc.-irov mj
immense a mass of morbid l( isure, and n;iiniie perl r..
ality, with the fullest conviction, ns has been stalcil, i|„j
it nc^er would have seen the public light, had it biin r
vised by its composer in his healthier days of chajknii,, I
criticism ; so little docs it resemble the flowing hariaopi
yet unafl'ecled energy of his every produclitii up to ii,j| |
diseased period.
Nor even can it be compared with any remaining m,.
manship, though of a much later date, written after Ins ro.
covery; as appears by simdry letters, occasional istavs
anil biographical fragments, sketched irom the tinicui'
that rcstoraticn to the very end of his existence.
And hence, consequently, or rather unavoidalilv, lun.
arisen in their present state those abridged, or ri cujluiij
not copied memoirs ; which, though on one hand larjdv
curtailed from their massive original, are occasioualiy
I'ligthencd on the other, from confidential eoiiiiiuiuiij.
tions ; joined to a whole life's recollections of the lasiurv
opinions, disposition, and character of Dr. Burney.
* • » « »
A dire interval again, from political restrictions and I
prudential ditticultics, took jilacc between all eoiiiniiinj.
cation, all correspondence of Dr. Burney wilh rari".
Hut in June, 1810, it was happily broken up, llirrju^li I
the active kind oflices of a libel al friend,* who ibuiij
means by some returning prisoiKr, to get a letter con.
vcyed to Chelsea College ; and to ] r.-cure tlicnce the III.
lowing indescribably welcomed aus.-. er :
June, 1810.
"My dear Fanny —
"I never was so surpiiscd and delighted at tliesigbl
of your well known autograph, as on the envelop of your
last letter : but when I saw, after the melancholy ac
count of your past sufferings, and oftlio n'ore slight in.
disposition of your caio s/)o.(o, with what openness jou
spoke of your affairs ; and, above all, that your dear j
.Alexander was slill with you, and had escaped tlicler-
ritic code de conscriplion, it occasioned me an exultation
which I cannot describe. And that .(/ok should be be;;.
ging so hard i "im" for a lino, a word, in my own hand.
writing, at the t .0 that / was, in prudence, iinploiinj '
all your living i id correspondents and iny fi lends, not lo
venture a' letter to you, even by a private haiul, lest it
should accidentally miscarry, and, being observed, anil
misconstrued, as coining fiom this country, should i.i-
jure M. d'Arblay in the eyes of zealous Freiicliaicnl—
Hut the detail you have given mc of the worthy and ac
complishcd persons who honour you with theii fricnil.
ship; and of the lofty apartments you have piocurcu,
Hue d'AnjoUjfor the sake of more air, more room, more
cleanliness, and more bookerics, diverts mc much. With
regard to my own health, I shall say nothing uf (la^t
suflerings of various kinds since my last ample family
leltcr ; except that ' Hero I am,' in spite of the old gen-
tleman and his scythe. And the few people I ani alile
to see, ere the warm weather, toll mo I look belter,
s|)cak better, and walk belter than 1 did 'cverca lun;
ago.' Uod knows knows how handsome I shall be by-
aiid-by I — but you will allow it behoves the lair ladies
who make me a visit now and then, to take caro oi'
themselves 1 — That's all.
" People wonder, secluded as I am for over from the
world and its joys, how 1 can cut a juke niirfitsi/'j;
but when I have no serious sufl'erings, a book, or a |Kn,
makes me forget all the world, and oven inyscll;tbe
best of all oblivions."
Then follow sundry confidential family details.
How merely an amanuonsis had been the editor of
these memoirs, had all the personal manuscripts of Dr.
Hurney been written at this healthy, though hi niucli
later period of his existence ; instead of having fallen
under his melancholy pen, to while away nerveless lan-
guor when paralysis, through the vision of his iiiiucini.
tion, appeared lo ho unremittingly Buspondcd over liis
head ! the last given pages of his letters to I'aris, tliouirli
composed from his tiOlh to his Mth year, are all run oil'
in the flowing and lively stylo of his early pcninansbiii.
Hut disastrous indeed In Dr. Burney was uu allrr
event, of the year IHIO, that is now to be rceordeJ;
grievously, essentially, permanently disastrous. .Alis-
fortune, with all her fevering ariows of hoarded ills.
retained no longer the materials that could so deeply
* (" nernl Lnfiiyette, who was then still living in In?
ogrienltnrnl rclireinent, surrounded by a lirauihine
family, almost constituting a tribe ; and, at that linie,
utterly a gtrangcr to all politics or public life.
MTMOIUS or DK. IHKNrY
I nuiiKptoiit.iis prclisjiy I
fXiiiiiiiiiiliiiii, i!((iil( J
iplily, or lo (li>ir,,,
c, ami iiiiiiutc |,ir'>,
K liiis been >t::Uil,|i,.[ |
c lifrlil, liiiil it b,,n r"
icT dnys ot'chaMiDL, i
the flowiiijr liarmoiiv, '
productiLii up lo il.^'
Ill any rt-niaiiiincT p,,,.
le, written alUr ills re.
rs, occusicnal ^s^av^
lied li-oin the tinicuf
his existence,
her unavoidalily, liave
iridged.or retulluiid,
li on one hand largdv
inal, arc oecasioiwllv
ifidcntial TOniiimnica.
lections of the liiilctv,
of Dr. Burney.
* *
iticnl restrictions anil
jetween all conniiiuii.
Burney with I',-,ri,.
\- broken up, tliroui'h
i) Irieiid,* who I'oinij |
r, to get u letter con.
rv-cure tlicnce the lU.
r.vcr :
June, 1310.
Jclightcd at the sight
m t/ie envelop ot' your
■ the melancholy ac-
of tlio more sligiitin.
Ii what opeiiiicss you
all, that your dear
had escaped tlic tcr-
nod ino an c.vullalion
it .yoM should be be;.
rd, in my own lianj.
prudence, iinploiinj
lid my fi ieiids, not lo
private hand, lest it
being observed, ani!
country, should i,i.
nious Frenchinea !—
f tiio worthy and ac-
lu with theii Iriciid.
you have pioeiircii,
lir, more room, mote
irts mo niueli. With
:ay nothing of pa^l
■ last ample liimilj
ipito of the old gen.
:w people I am able
mo 1 look belief,
1 did ' ever to luiij
Isome I shall be liy-
loves the liiir ladies
n, to take caro of
1 for over from the
I joke and be si/'j;
rs, a hook, or a (K-n,
J ovon inyecll ; the
amily details.
been the editor of |
manuscripts of Dr.
y, though 1-0 much
d of Imvin^r I'alleii
awiiy nerveless Ian-
ion of his iiiia|>iiia.
suspended over his
r.slo I'aris, tliouch
year, are all runoff
early poiiMiunslii|i.
riiey was uii aller
V lo he rcconleii;
disastrou.s. .Mis-
■a of hoarded ills,
at could so deep!)'
1 still living in In;
by n liraiicliiiif
and, nt that lime,
jlic life.
(apoi>o» another dart, for striking at tlio rout of what
liieeuiild yet accord him of elegant enjoyment. I>»dy
Ctoe alone remained, ap.irt fnini liis liiiuily, whuse
,,.rj.pnal loss could more allliclingly have wounded him,
lian '.hat which he now e.xpeiionced by tlio death of the
poke ol Tortland.
fatal to all future zest fur worldly e.vertion in Dr.
Eurney, proved this blow ; from which, though ho sur.
;ited it some years, ho never mentally recovered; so
j.eplv had ho felt and reciprocated the extraordinary
pirliahtv conceived for him by his (;rnee.
Unas the duke alone who, for a long time previously,
hid been able to prevail with him to come forth from
tis already begun seclusion, to bo domiciliated nt Bul-
fiiode Park ; where he could animate with society, re-
create in ruial scenery, or meditate in solitude without
liifficulty or preparation ; that su|)erb country villa being
isrs^ntially, and at will, his own, as his apartments
il t'he!>ca College.
A los« such as this, was in all ways irre|>arablR.
The last sentence which he wrote U[K)ii the duke, in
ti.ijnumal, is mourntully impressive:
" My loss by the decease of my most atlVctionato and
hberal friend and patron, the Duke of Portland, and my
ptief |nr his dreadful suflcrings, will lower my spirits
t,i the last hour of sensibility ! The loss lo my heart
is indescribable !"
N.\TIO."fAL INSTITUTE OF FRANCE.
Vet, in tho midst of this total and voluntary retreat
fiom public life, a new honour, as little expected by
Dr. Rurney as, from concomitant circumstances, it was
httle wished, sought, in 1810, to encircle his brow.
Mle liiclun, Secrflairf ixijiiliirl lie la duiisc den lieaiix
itii (Ir 'I Institat Au/ioitu/ de Franee, had, some years
previously, put up the name of Dr. Burney as a candi.
dale to lie elected an honorary foreign member of tho
Institute: but the interrupted intercouso between the
t«o countries caused a considerable time to elapse, be-
fore il was known whether this compliment was ac-
ccpled or declined.
These preliminary measures, with all that belonged
lotlic honour of the offer, passed in the year I80C; but
il was not till the year ISIO that Dr. Burney received
theotlicial notitication of his election; wliieii ho has
thus briefly marked in his last volumo of Journal : —
A«r. 23, 1810.
"Received from the National Institute at I'uri.i,
ititb a letter from Madame Greenwood Solvyns, my
liiplonia, or patent, as a member of the Institute, Classc
iii Beiiux Art*."
And three weeks afterwards : —
''Jan. M, 1811.
"I received a packet from M. Le Breton, &,u., ad-
dressed,
' A Monsieur le Doeleur Burnep.
' Correspondnnl de I' Jnsdlnt de Franee.'
"This packet found its way to my npartincnt nt
fheUea College, by means of Mr. West, Prosidoiit of
llie Huyal Academy. Its contents were—
"lYofiffj histnriijiies snr la rie, et Irs ovrraires de M.
Pajm. I'm M. Joachim le Brelnn. Dn. G. Olto. 1810.
".Vo/iVpi Ai«fori(;iif» jiir la rie, ct lei outrages, de Jos.
Haydn. I'ar le mime.
This memoir tur la rie de Haydn, Rent by M. lo Bre-
ton, drew from the doctor, nearly at the close of his own
annaU. the following paragraph niKin that great musi-
cian, who, for equal excellence in science and inven-
tion, he held to be at the head of all his compeers :
"llAVDN, 1.S10.
"It has been well observed, by Haydn's excellent bi-
ographer, at Paris, M. le Breton, that the public every
ithere, by whom his works were so enthusiastically
idniiied, took more care of his fame than of his fortune.
He, liovvevcr. himself, always modest, upright, and prn.
dent, sup|)oscd it imssiblo that ho might sui vivo his
talents; and wished, by rigid economy and seli'denini,
tojccumnlate a suflieiently independent incomo for old
igu and inlirniilio, when he might no longer bo nhle
lo entertain tho public with new productions. This
humblo and most rational wish he wa.i unable, in his
own country, from tho smallncss of remuneration, to
icenmplish.
"I bcjaii an intimate Intercourse with him iinmedi-
«lely on hi^ arrival i:i Kiigland; and was as much
pleased with his mild, unassuming, yet cheerful conver-
Miion and countenance, as with his stupendous musical
"I'ril. And I procured him mora subscribers to that
"ihlimfi tiVort of genius — the Creation, than all his
"llier friends, whether at home or abroad, put together."
NAI'OLEON.
On tho opening of April, 1812, ten years of hard borno
absence were coiiipletud holween Dr. I'urii'^y and his
sccniid (l;ui;,'iil('r ; after a parting wliieli, in iilen, and by
agKMMiiriit, had flirescen huta twclvenioiitli'sseiiaration.
(irioviiusly di'jocling in that long epoch, had been, at
times, the buacli of intercourse: not alone they never
met; that, in a season of war, however alllicting, was
hut the ordinary result of hostile policy; not alone the
foreign post oflieo was closed, and all regular and au-
thentic communication was annihilated; that, again,
was hut tho cnnimon lot of belligerent nations while iin.
der arms, and was su.itaiiicd, therefore, with that forti-
tudo which all, save fools and inaduicn, must, sooner or
latiT, perforce acquire, the fortitude of necessity.
But these prohibitions, however severe upon every
national or kindred tecling that hinds tho atfectioiis and
the interests of man to man, were inetliciciit to balllc
the portentous vengeance of Napoh'on, who suddenly,
in one of his explosions of rage against tireat Biitain,
issued a decree that not a letter, a note, an address, or
any writlon document whatsoever, should pass from
Franco to iMigland, or arrive (rom England to France,
under pain of death.
It was then that this dire position became nearly in-
supjiortahlo ; for, by this fierc,' stroke of fiery dcs|K)tism,
all mitigation of private anodyne to public calamity was
hnpnh'ssly destroyed ; all tho softening palliatives of
billots, or memorandums, trusted to incidental opportu
nitics, which hitherto had glided through these turnii-
dable obstacles, and found their way to the continental
captive with a solace utterly iiideserihable, were now
denied : the obscure anxiety of total ignorance of the
proceedings, nay, even of tho lile or death, of those ties
by which life and death hold their first charm, was
without alloy ; and hope had not a resting place 1
The paroxysm of hatred or revcngo which urged Na-
poleon to tlii.s harsh rigidity, passed, indeed, after a
while, il may be presumed, away, like most other of his
unbridled manifestations of unbounded authority ; since
its eti'ect, nller a certain time, seemed over; and things
appeared to go on as they had done before that tremen-
dous decree. Bui that decree was never annulled !
VNliat, then, was tho security that its penalty might not
be exacted from the first object, who, in disobeying it,
should incur his suspicion or ill-will ? or of whom, for
whatever cause, he might wish to get rid ?
Dr. Burney, on this subject, entertained apprehen-
sions so ailVighliiig, that he entirely abstained from wri-
ting himsulf to France; and charged all his family and
friends to practise the sanin forbearance. The example
was fiillowed, if not set, liy his nearly exiled daughter;
and, atone sad time, no intelligence whatever traversed
the forbidden loule; and two whole.dread, endless years
lingered on, in the darkest mystery, whether or not she
had still the blessing of a remaining parent.
This was a doubt too cruel to support, where to en-
dure it was not inevitable ; though hard was the condition
by which alono it could ho obviated ; namely, submis-
sion to another bosom laceration ! But all seemed prc-
forablo to relinquishing one final effort for obtaining at
least nno final benediction.
Her noble minded partner, who participated in oil her
filial aspirations, hut lo whom quittiiig Franco was ut-
terly iiapossible,con.sented lo her spending a few months
in lior native land : and when the rumourof a war with
llussia gave hope of the absence of Napoleon from Paris,
worked assiduously himself at procuring her a passport;
for, while the emperor inhabited the capital, tho police
discipline was so impenctrnhic, that a madman alone
could have planned eluding its vigilance.
When, however, it was ascertained that the Czar of
all the Kussias dischiimed making any concessions:
that Napoleon had left Dresden to takotlie field; and
that his yet uncon(iuerable and matchless army, in ac-
tual sight of tho enemy, was bordering tho frontiers of
all European IJussia; whence two letters, written nt
that breathless crisis, reached M. d'Arblay himself, from
an aiilc-de camp, and from tho first surgeon of Na|io-
loon; the singular moment was cncrgrtically seized bv
tho most generous of husbands and fathers; his apnli-
cations, from fresh courage, became more vigorous ; the
impediments, from an involuntary relaxation of muni-
cipal rigidity, grow more feeble; and, lilierally seconded
by the most zealous, disinterested, and feeling of friends,
ho finally ohtaiiiod a passport not only for his wife, but,
though through difliculties that had seemed insurmount-
able, lor his son; for whom, during tho im|>orial pre-
sence in tho French motro|)olis, even to have solicited
one, notwithstanding ho was yet much too young to be
aimniih. to the eaiv 'inn, would h ; produced ir«-
carcoratioji.
• • * * •
K KETrnN.
A reluctant how 'agerly smimii arting then ab.
ruptly t(]ok place ii liiubourg, m- Miburbs of Paris;
and, alter various ih cr, :i!.i miiiir dillieullies, and a
detention of six weeks at Diiiikirii, ihe mother and tho
son reached the long lost land of tlicir desires.
It was at Deal they were disembarked, where their
American vessel, the Marianne, was immediately cap-
tured, though they, as llnglish, were of eourso set ut
liberty ; and, to their first ecstasy in touching British
ground, they had tho added delight of being almost in-
stantly recognised hy the lady of the conimander of the
port ; and tho honour of taking their first British repast
at the hospitable table of tho commander hinibcll'.
After -a separation so bordering upon banishment,
from a parent 60 loved aii<l so aged, some preparation
seemed requisite, previous to a meeting, to avoid risk-
ing a surprise that might mar all its happiness. At
Deal, therefore, and under this delectable protection,
they remained three or lour days, to give time for tho
passage of letters to Dr. Burney ; first, to let him know
their hopes of revisiting Kngland, of which they hud had
no |>o\ver to give him any inlimalinn ; and next, to an-
nounce their approach to his honoured presence.
Fully, therefore, they were expected, when, on tho
evening of the 20tli of August, 1812, they alighted at
tho apartment of Dr. Burney, at Chelsea College,
which they had quitted in the beginning of April, 1802.
'i'ho joy of this memorialist at the arrival of this long
sighed-lijr moment, was almost disorder; she knew
noiio ol tho servants, though they were the same that
she had left ; she could not recollect whether tho apart-
ment to which she was linrrying was on tho ground
lloor or the attic, tho doctor having inhabited both ; her
head was confused ; her feelings woro intense ; her
heart almost swelled from her bosom.
And so well was her kind parent aware of the throb-
hing sensations with which an in.stant yearned for so
eagerly, and despaired of so frcijucntly, would fill her
whole being — would take possession of all its faculties,
that he uhiiost feared the excess of her tmction ; and,
while repeatedly, in the course of the day, he cxolainicd,
in the hearing of his housekeeper: "Sliiill I live to sec
hiT honest face again ?" he hail the precaution, kindly,
almost comically, to give orders to liis iinmediato at-
tendants, Uebccca and Ceorgr, to move all the chairs and
tables close to the wall; and to sec that nothing whntso-
ever should remain Ixtwcen the door and his sofa, which
stood at tho fiirthor end of a large room, that could inter-
fere with her rapid appro.ich.
And, indeed, the ecstatic delight with wliich she sprang
to his arms, was utterly indescribable. It was a rush
that nothing could have checked ; a joy quite speechless —
nil emotion almost overwhelming!
But, alas ! the joy quickly abated, though the emotion
long remained I — remained when bereft of its gay trans-
port, to he worked upon only hy grief.
The total dearth of familiar intercourse between Paris
and London, had kept all detailed family accounts so
completely out of view, that she returned to her parental
home without tho smallest suspicion of tho melancholy
change she was to witness; and though she did not, and
conhl not expect, that ten years should have passed by
unmarked in his physiognomy — still there is nothing W8
so little paint to ourselves at a distance, as the phcnome-
non of the living metamorphoses that we arc destined to
exhibit, one to another, upon re-unions after long ab-
sences. When, therefore, she became calm enough to
look at the honoured figure before whiclyiho stood, what
a revulsion was produced in her mind ! ~
She had left him, cheerful and cheering; communicat-
ing knowledge, imparting ideas; tho delight of every
house that he entered.
She had left him, with his elegantly formed person
still unbroken by his years; his face still susceptible of
manifesting the varying nssoeintions of his vivid charac-
ter; his motions alert; his voice clear and pleasing; his
sjiirits, when called t'orth by social enjoyment, gay, oni-
mnliiig, and inspiring animation.
She found him — alas! how altered! in looks, strength,
complexion, voice, and sjiirits! '
But that which was most affecting was the change in
his carriage and iierson: his revered head was not merely
by age and weakness bowed down; it was completely
bent, and hung helplessly upon his breast; his voice,
though still distinct, sunk almost to a whisper : his feehln
frame reclined upon a sofa ; his air and look forlorn ; niiU
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408
MEaiOIRS OF DR. DURNEV.
i;*,' V" i^f. '
^i- '''V-
hia whole appearance munilcsting a spccica of bcU'
desertion.
His cyc«, indeed, still kept a conisiderablc portion of
their native spirit ; thry were iKrgc, and, from iiia thin,
ness, loolicd more prominent than ever; and tliey ex-
hibited a strong, nay, eloquent jiowcr of expression, which
Ktill could graduate from patlios to gaiety; and from in-
vestigating intelligence to playful archness ; with energies
truly wonderful, beeauso beyond, rather than within,
their original force ; though every other feature marked
the wither of decay ! but, at this moment, from conscious
alteration, their disturbed look depicted only dejection or
enquiry ; dejection, that mournfully said ■. " Mow am I
changed since we parted !" or enquiry , anxiously demand-
ing : " Do you not perceive it ?"
This melancholy, tliough mute interrogatory with
which his "asking eye explored her secret tlioughts,"
quickly impelled her to stitlo her dismay under an ap-
parent disorder of general perturbation : and, when his
apprehension of the shock which he might cause, and the
■hock which tiic sight of its impression might bring back
to him, was abated, a gentle smile began to find its way
through the earnestness of his brow, and to restore to him
his serene air of native benignity: while, on her part, the
more severely she perceived his change, the more grateful
she felt to tho Providence that had propitiated her return,
ere that change, — still changed on ! — should have be-
come, to her, invisible.
In ccnscquence of her letters from Deal, he had pre.
pared for her and his grandson, whose sight he most
kindly hailed, apartments near hjs own: and he had
charged all his family to abstain from breaking in upon
this their first interview.
The turbulence of this trying scone once past, the rest
of tho evening glided on so smoothly, yet so rapidly, that
when the closing night forced their reluctant separation,
they almost felt as if they had but recognised one another
in a dream.
The next morning, the next, and the next, aa soon as
he could be visible, they met again; and for some short
nnd happy, though, from another absence, most anxious
weeks, she dehghtedly devoted to him every moment he
could accept
Tho ob.-ieurity of the brief and ambiguous letters that
rarely and irregularly had passed between them, had left
subjects for discussion so innumerable, and so entangled,
th;it they almost seemed to demand a new life for recipro-
cating.
Endless, indeed, were the histories <hey had to unfold;
the projects to announce or develop ; the domestic tales to
hear apd to relate; and tlie tombs of departed friends to
mourn over,
Tiir: BntiMiY family.
It was as singular as it was fortunate, that, In this
long space of ten years, tlie doctor had lost, in England,
but one part of his family, Mrs. Rebecca Burney, an an-
cient and very amiable sister. In India he was less
happy, for there died, in tho prime of life, Richard
Thomas, his only son by his second marriage ; who left
a large and prosperous family.
His eldest son. Captain James Burney, who had twice
circumnavigated tho glotn) with Captain Cooke, and who
had ahyays been marked for depth of knowledge in his
profession as a naval olficer, had now distinguished him-
self also as a writer upon naval subjects ; and, af\er va-
rious sligliter works, had recently completed an elaborate,
scientific, yet entertaining and vi-ell written, General
History of Voyages to the South Sea, in five volumes
quarto.
His second ann^ Dr. Charles, had sustained more than
unimpaired the high character in Greek erudition which
ho had acquired early in life, and in which ho was gene-
rally held, aftef Person and Parr, to be the third scholar
ia tho kingdom. Tlio fourth, who now, therefore, is
probably the first, was esteemed by Dr. Charles to be Dr
Ulomfield, the present Bishop of London. Dr. Charles
■till toiled on in tho same walk with unwearied per
severance; and was, at that time, engaged in collating a
newly found manuscript Greek Testament; by tho ex-
press request of the then Archbishop of Canterbury, Dr.
Manners Sutton.
His daughters, Esther and Charlotte, were well and
lively; and each was surrounded by a sprightly and
amialrie progeny.
His youngest daughter, by his second marriage, Sarah
Harriet, had produced, and was still producing, some
works in the novel path of literature, that tho doctor had
the salisfoction of hearing praised, and of knowing to he
well received and favoured in the best society.
And the whole of his generation in all its branches,
children, grand-children, and great grand-children, all
studied,with profound afrcction,to cherish the much-loved
trunk whence they sprang ; and to which they, and all
tlicir successors, must ever look up as to tho honoured
chief of their race.
THE DOCTOn's WAY OP LIFE.
Ilis general health was still tolerably good, save from
occasional or local sufferings; of which, however, he never
spoke; bearing them vsith such silent fortitude, that even
the memorialist only knew of them tlirough a corres-
pondence which fell to her examination, that he had held
with a medical friend, Mr. Rumscy.
The height of his apartments, which were but just
beneath the attic of the tall and noble Chelsea College,
had been an evil when he grew into years, from the fa-
tigue of mounting and descending ; hut from the time of
his dejected resolve to go forth no more, that height be-
came a blessing, from the greater purity of the air that
he inhaled, and the wider prospect that, from some of his
windows, he surveyed.
To his bedchamber, however, which he chiefly in-
habited, this good did not extend : its principal window
faced the burying-ground in which the remoins of the
second Mrs. Burney were interred ; and that melancholy
sight was the first that every morning met his eyes.
And, however his strength of mind might ward oft its
depressing eflect, while still he went abroad, and mingled
with the world ; from the time that it became his sole
pros|>cct, that no change of scene created a change of
ideas, must inevitably, however silently, have given a
gloom to his mind, from that of his position.
Not den^e, jierlinps, was that ploom to those who
seldom lost sight of him ; but doubly, trebly was it afflict-
ing to her who, w ithoutany graduating interval, abruptly
lichcid it, in place of a sunshine tliat hod, erst, been the
most radiant.
From the fatal period of the loss of the Duke of Port-
land, and of tlie delicious retreat of the appropriated villa
residence of Bulslrode Park, the doctor hod become in-
Hexiblc to every invitation for quitting his own dwelling.
The surprise of the shock he had then sustained from his
disappointment in out-living a friend and patron so dear
to him, and so much younger than himself, had east him
into BO forlorn a turn of meditation, that even with the
most intimate of his former ossociotes, all spontaneous
intercourse was nearly cut oft'; he never, indeed, refused
their solicitations for admission, but rare was the unbid-
den approach that was hailed with cheering smiles!
Solitary reading, and lonely contemplation, were all that,
by custom, absorbed the current doy : except in moments
of rcnovateil animation from the presence of some one of
influence over his feelings ; or upon the arrival of national
good tidings; or upon the starting of any politicol theme
tnot was flatteringly soothing to his own political princi-
ples and creed.
In books, however, ho had still tho great happiness of
retaining a strong portion of his original pleasure : and
the tabic that was placed before his sofa was commonly
covered with chosen authors from his excellent library :
though latterly, when deep attention fatigued his nerves,
he interspersed his classical collection by works lighter
of entertainment, and quicker of comprehension, from the
circulating libraries.
THE DOCTon's WHITINOS.
With regard to his writings, ho had now, fhr many
years, ceased furnishing any orticles for the Monthly
Review, having broken up his critic-intercourse with
Mr. Griffith, tliat he might devote himself exclusively to
the Cyclopedia.
But for tlic Cyclopedia, also, about the year 180S, he
hod closed his labours : labours wliich must ever remain
memorials of the clearness, fulness, and spirit of his fa
cultics up to the seventy .eighth year of his age : for more
profound knowledge of his subject, or u more natural
flow of pleasing language, or more lively elucidations of
his tlicnie, appear not in any of even his roost favoured
productions.
The list, numbered alphabetically, that he drew up of
his plan for this work, might almost have staggeicd the
courage of a man of twenty -five years of ago for its com-
pletion ; but filly years older than that was Dr. Burney
when it was formed ! There is not a book upon music,
which it was possible he could consult, that he has not
ransacked ; nor a subject, that could afford information
for the work, that he has not fathomed. And so excel-
lent are his orticles, both in manner and matter, that, to
equal him upon tho subjects he has selected, another
writer must await a future period; when new musicaL ^
gcniust compoiiition, and combinations in the powers of] should pronounce in public should be tliat of Micliul
harmony, and tho vaiieties of melody, by creating new
tastes, may. kindle sensations tliat may call for a new
historian.
Less pleasing, or rather, extremely painful, is wlm
remains to relate of the last efforts of his genius, luid
last, nnd perhaps most cherished of his literary excrcisei,
namely, his Poem on Astronomy; which tlie mcmotblirt
hod now the chagiin, almost the consternation, ta learn
had been renounced, nay, committed to the flaiiiesi
What new view, cither of the occupation, or its cic.
cution,had determined its total relinquishment, was never
to its instigator revealed ; the solemn look with which lie
annnounccd that it u»j« oe(r, had an expression that she
had not courage to explore.
Enough, however, remains of the original work, scat.
tcred amongst his manuscripts, to shew his project to
have been skilfully conceived, while its plan of execution
was modestly and sensibly circumscribed to his bounded
knowledge of the subject. And its idea with its general
sketch, drawn up at so advanced a i)eriod of life — verging
upon eighty — that had been spent in anothc.- and absorb-
ent study, must needs remain amonumcntof wonder for
the general herd of mankind ; and a stimulus to courage
and enterprise for the gifted few, with whom longevity ii
united with genius.
From the time of this happy return, the memorialist
passed ot Chelsea College every moment that she could
tear from personal calls that, most inopportunely yet
imperiously, then demanded her attention.
^hut up nevertheless, as the doctor was now from tlie
general world and its eonimercc, the seclusion of his per-
son was by no means attended with any seclusion of
kindness ; or nny exemption from what he deemed a pa-
rental devoir.
When, on the 12th day of the following year, 1813,
his returned daughter, though her first enjoyment was
tlic restoration to his society, excused herself from accom-
panying her son to tho college ; and llie doctor gathered
that that day, the Gth of January, and the anniversary of
the lamented loss of their mutual darling, Susanna, bad
been yearly devoted, since that privation, to meditatre
commemoration ; he sent his confidential housekeeper to
the memorialist's apartment with the following lines:
"Few individuals hove lost more valuable friends than
myself, — 'JV'iuing, Crisp, poor Bewley, Dr .Johniioii,Gar.
rick, Sir Joshua Reynolds. — If I were to keep an anni-
versary for all these severally, I should not have time al-
lowed me for diminishing Uic 'irst excess of my atUictinn
for each."
It may, perhaps, be superfluous, and yet seems unavoid-
able to mention, that again, as after the death of Mr. Crisp,
she hastened to hiin with her grateful acknowledgments
for this exhortation ; and that she has ever since refused
herself that stated sad indulgence.
Nothing new, either of event or incident, occurred
thenceforward that can be offered to the public reader;
tliough not a day passed that teemed not with circum-
stance, or discourse, of tender import, or bosom interest,
to tlie family of the doctor, and to his still surviving and
admitted friends.
1'hat Dr. Burney would have approved tho destruction,
or suppression of tlic voluminous records begun under
his sickly [Miralytic depression, and kept in hand for
occasional additions to tho last years of his life, bis
biographer has the happy conviction upon her niiiid,
from the following paragraph, left loose amongst iiis ma-
nuseript hoards.
It is without date, but was evidently written after some
late perusal of the materials which he had amassed for
his memoirs ; and which, from their op|)osing extremes
of amplitudu and deficiency, had probably, upon this ac-
eideiital examination, struck his returning judgment
with consciousness, that he had rather disburthened
his memory for his own ease and pastime, than prepared
or selected niutti r from his stores for public interest.
Tho tbilowiiig is tho paragraph :
" These records of the numerous Invitations with
which I have been honoured, entered, at the time, into
my pocket-books, which served as ledgers, must be very
dry and uninteresting, without relating the conversa-
tions, (on mots, or characteristic stories, told by indivi-
duals, who struck fire out of each other, producing mirtli
nnd good humour : but when these tnlnct were made, I
had not leisure for details — and now — memory cannot
recall them !"
What next — and last — follows, is copied from tlic final
page of Dr. Burney 's manuscript journal : and clones all
there is to oft'er of his written composition.
Sir Joshua Reynolds desired that the last nnmelv
The apprchensio
lijiently disturbed t
I bst, he was sparei
I bii final dissolution
I'pproaching end.
I To avoid going
Ipiind, since iiothii
llmnew statement.
J 'The editor resi
ICN of all these
IUE3IOIRS OF DR. Bl'RNEY.
409
■ '"-..ff
y, by creating new
iiay cull for a new
ly painful, is wlut
of his genius, and
m literary excrcisei,
licli Uic mcmorialirt
istcrnalion, ta IcKn
to tlic ilames!
:upation, or ilsexe.
aishment, was never
look with which ha
expression that tlie
original work, scat,
shew his project to
its plan of execution
rihcd to his bounded
dca with its genml
riod of life — verging
anothe.- and absorb-
umcnt of wonder for
stimulus to courage
li whom longevity is
rn, the memorialist
incnl that she could
inopportunely yet
ntion.
)r WIS now from llie
seclusion of his per-
h any secUision of
hat he deemed a pa-
allowing year, 1813,
irst enjoyment was
I herself from accom-
tiic doctor gathered
d the anniversary of
arling, Susanna, had
ration, to meditatve
:ntiul housekeeper to
e following lines:
valuable friends than
;y, Dr .Johnson, Gar-
re to keep an anni-
uld not have time al-
ccess of my alHictlm
d yet seems unavoid-
c death of Mr. Crisp,
ul acknowledgini'Uls
J ever since refuted
Ir incident, occurred
]o the public reader ;
Led not with circum-
|t, or boEom interest,
IS 8tiU surviving and
)ved tho destruction,
Iccnrds begun under
Id kept in hand fur
leara of his life, bis
]n upon htr mind,
>se amongst his ma-
ly written after some
lie had amassed for
■ opiwsing extremes
Ibably, upon this ac-
Icturning judgment
Irather disburlhened
Itimc, than prepared
Ipuhlic interest.
9 Invitations wilh
at the time, into
JlgcrB, must be very
Iting the convctsa-
J-ies, told by indivi-
Icr, producing mirtli
plrif* were made, I
-memory cannot
tpied from tlie final
(nal: and closes all
Isition.
Iho last name he
tliat of MiclMl
wlo; and Dr. Burnty seems to purpose that tho last
iunio lie should transmit — if so allowed — through his
ijnals, to posterity, should be that of lluydn.
'Fiiidin? a bliink loaf at the end ofmy journal, it may
Itiised in the way of [wstscriptuin, in speaking of the
prtiude, or opening of Haydn's Cicition, to observe, that
twugh the gc.inerality of the subscribers were unable to
diiciitanglc the studied confusion in delineating chaos,
vci, ivlicn dissonance was tuned, when order was cstu-
iliilied, and Ood said,
' Let there bo light! — and there was light'.'
' Que la lumiere aoit 1 — ft 1 1 lumieiefat .''
(lie composer's meaning was felt ,)y the whole audience,
tlio instantly broke in upon the performers with rap-
liuous applause before the musical period was closed."
1814.
little or no change was perceptible in the health of
Or. Burney, save some small diminution of strength, at
Ihc beginning of this memorable year ; which brought to
1 crisis a state of things that, by analogy, might chal-
lenge belief for the most improbable legends of other
lines; a slate of things in which history seemed to make
I mockery of fiction, by giving events to the world, and
usorling destinies to mankind, that imagination would
have feared to create, and that good taste would have
rsisted, ns a mass of wonders fit only for the wnnd of
lie magician, when waved in the fancied precincts of
c'jiralrous old romance — all brought to bear by the un-
i;nii;lii3ble manoeuvre of the starting of an unknown in
aividual from Corsica to Paris ; who, in the course of a
ftm years, without any native influence, or interest, or
meaiis whatsoever, hut of his own devisiiin, made kings
otcr foreign dominions of three of his brothers j a queen
of one of his sifters; a cardinal of an uncle; took a
diugliter of tho Ctesars for his wife ; proclaimed his in.
fini son King of Rome ; and ordered the Pope to Paris,
K consecrate and erown him an emperor I*
An epoch such as this, unparalleled, perhaps, in hope,
jiead, danger, and sharp vicissitude, could oven still call
tirlh llic energies of Dr. Burney through his love of his
country ; his enthusiasm for those who served it ; the
nrmth of his patriotism for its friends, and the fire of
liiiintip'ithy for its foes, could still animate him into
fpiritcd discourse ; bring hack the tint of life into his
filii check ; dart into his eyes a gleam of almost lus-
trous intelligence ; and chase the nervous hoarsencs.s
Ibin his voice, to restore it to the native clearness of his
nungcr days.
Tlie apprehension of a long death-bed agony had frc-
hitntly disturbed the peace of Dr. Burney; but that, at
I bst, lie was spared. It was only three days previous to
I til final dissolution, that any fears were excited of a fast
li|iproaching end.
To avoid going over again the same melancholy
{toiind, since nothing fresh recurs to give any advantage
It) 1 new statement, the memorialist will venture to finish
Illiii narration, by copying tho account of the closing
liteac which she drew up lor General d'Arblay, who was
Itkn in Paris. Omitting, of course, all extraneous cir-
Inwlances.
THE C'LOSINO 8CEKE.
TO GENERAL o'aRBLAV.
* • » •
" Not a week before the last fatal seizure, my dear fa-
lllxr had cheerfully said to me : 'I iiave gone through so
Imgh a winter, and such severity of bodily pain; and I
Ibe held up against such intensity of cold, tliat I think
|w, I can stand any tiling !'
I 'Joyfully I had joined in this belief, which enabled
|o^-most acutely to my since regret ! — to occupy my-
I«llnthe business I have mentioned to you ; which de-
lliined me llirce or four days from the (Jollege. But I
Im the unusual separation the less unwillingly, as public
wSdH were just then taking that liappy turn in favour
|»l England and her allies, that I could not but hope
I'oold ones more, at least for a while, rcanimato his elas-
I't 'pirits to almost their pristine vivacity.
I L ^^''""' ^ ^"^ nearly at liberty, I sent Alexander to
l™ College, to pay his duty to his grandfather; with a
Ifomlse that I would pay mine before night, to parli-
■"jntc in his joy at the auspicious news from tlio c jnti-
■ ' was surprised by the early return of my mes-
|«»;fr; liis air of pensive absorption, and the disturb-
1^' " lather taciturnity with which he heard my in-
|lBtogjior|cs. 'I'oo soon, however, I gathered that his
grandlUtlier had passed an alarming night ; tliat butli my
brothers had been sent for, and that Dr. Mosely had been
summoned.
" I need not, I am sure, tell you that I was in tho sick
room the next instant.
" I found the beloved invalid seated, in his customary
manner, on his sofa. My sister Sarah was with him, anil
his two faithful and favourite atteiid.mta, George and Uc
becca. In the same customary manner, also, a small
table before him was covered with books. But he was
not reading. His revered head, as usual, hung upon his
breast — and I, as usual, knelt before him, to catch a view
of his face, while I enquired after his health.
" But alas ! — no longer as usual was my reception I
He made no sort of answer ; his look was fixed ; his pos-
ture immovable ; and not a muscle of his face gave any
indication that 1 was either heard or perceived !
" Struck with awe, I had not courage to press for his
notice, and hurried into the next room not to startle him
with my alarm.
" But when I was informed that he had changed his so
fearfully fixed posture, I ha.stcned back ; reviving to the
happy hope that again I might experience the balm of
his benediction.
" He was now standing, and unusually upright ; and,
apparently, with unusual muscular firmness. I was ad-
vancing to embrace him, but his air spoke a rooted con-
centration of solemn ideas that repelled intrusion.
" Whether or not he recognised, or distinguished me,
I know not ! I had no command of voice to attempt any
enquiry, and would not risk tietraying my emotional this
great change since my last and happier admittance to his
liresence.
" His eyes were intently bent on a window that faced
the college burial-ground, where reposed the ashes of my
mother-in-law, and where, he had more than once said,
would repose his own.
" He bestowed at least five or six minutes on this ab.
sorbcd and melancholy contemplation of the upper re-
gions of that sacred sjiot, that so soon were to enclose fo
ever his mortal clay.
" No one presumed to interrupt his reverie.
" He next opened his arms wide, extending them with
a waving motion, that seemed indicative of an internally
pronounced farewell ! to all he looked at ; and shortly
afterwards, he uttered to himself, distinctly, though in a
low, but deeply-impressive voice, ' All this will soon pass
away as a dream !' *
" This extension of his arms offered to his attendants
an opportunity, which they immediately seized, of taking
off" his wrapping gown.
" He made no resistance : I again retreated ; and he
was put to bed. My sister Sarah watched, with his
housekeeper, by his side all night ; and, at an early hour
in the morning, I took her place.
" My other sisters were also summoned ; and my bro-
thers came continually. But he spoke to no one ! and
seldom opened his eyes : yet his looks, though altered,
invariably manifested his possession of his faculties and
senses. Deep seemed his ruminations; deep and re-
ligious, though iiilent and concentrated.
" I would fain have passed this night in tho sick room ;
but my dear father, perceiving my design, and remem-
bering, probably, how recently I was recovered from a
dangerous malady, strenuously, though by look and ges-
ture, not words, opposed what he thought, too kindly,
inigiit be an exertion beyond my strcngtli. Grieved and
reluctant was my retreat ; but this was no epoch for ex-
postulation, nor even for entreaty.
" The next morning I found him so palpably weaker,
and ni •ro emaciated, that, secretly, I resolved I would
quit hii:i no more.
" What a moment was this for so great an affliction !
a moment almost throbbing with the promise of that re-
union which he has sighed for, almost — hioii ami, as I
have sighed for it myself! This very day, the eleventh
of April, oixincd by public announcement, that a general
illumination would take place in the evening, to blazon
the glorious victory of England and her allies, in wrest-
ing the dominion of the whole of Europe — save our own
invulnerable island, from the grasp and the power of the
Emperor Naimleon !
" This great catastrophe, which filled my mind, as you
can well conceive ! with the most buoyant emotion ; and
which, at any less inauspicious period, would have en-
chanted me almost to rapture in being the first to reveal
it to my ardent and patriotic father, whoso love of his
country was nearly his predominant feeling, hung no iv
fhe editor resided at Paris during the astonishing
ICiMofalltlieso events.
• Tho dream of human existence, from which death
would awaken him to immortal life '.
tremljlingly, gasping on my lips — but there was ieieled,
.Uld could nut pass tliem ! — I'ur where now was the viva-
cious eagerness that would have cauylit the tale 7 wliero
the enraptured inlelligcncc that would h;ivi^ developed its
circumstances ? whore the ecitulic entliusiasiu that would
have hailed it with songs of triumph I
" The whole day was spent in ninnolonous watchfulness
and huinlde prayers. At night he grew worse — how
grievous was that night; I could oft'er him no comfort;
1 durst not 'Veii make known my stay. The long habits
of obedience of oUleii times robbed me of any couroge for
trying so dangerous an experiment as acting contrary to
orders. I rciiiaiiicd but to share, or to spare, some fa-
tigiie to others ; and personally to watch and pray by his
honoured side.
" Yet sometimes, when the brilliancy of mounting
rockets and distant fireworks caught my eyes, to per-
ceivc, from the window, the whole apparent sky illumi-
nated to commemorate our splendid success, ynii will
easily imagine what opposing sensutiuiis of joy and sor-
row struggled for ascendance ! While all I beheld
WITHOUT slione thus refulgent with the promise of peace,
prosperity, and — your return! — I could only eontem.
plate all within to mourn over the wreck of lost filial
happiness ! the extinction of all the earliest sweet incite-
ments to pleasure, hope, tenderness, and reverence, in tho
fast approaching dissolution of the most revered of pa-
rents !
" When I was liberated by day-light from the fear of
being recognised, I earnestly coveted the cordial of some
notice ; and fixed myself by the side ot his bed, where
most fre(iuently I could press his paternal hand, or fasten
upon it my lips.
" ! languished, also, to bring you, mon ami, back to
Ills luniembiance. It is not, it cannot — I humbly trust!
be impious to covet the last breathings, the gentle
sympalliios of those who are most dear to our hearts,
uiien they are visibly preceding us to the regions of ttcr-
iiity 1 We are no where bidden to concentrate our feelings
Uld our aspirations in ourselves! to forget, or to beg to
be forgotten by our friends. Even our Redeemer in
quitting mortal life, pityingly takes worldly care of his
worldly mother ; and, consigning her to his favourite
disciple, says : ' Woman, behold thy son 1'
" Intensely, therefore, 1 watched to catch a moment
for addressing him : and, at last, it came, for at last, I
had the joy to feel his loved hand return a pressure from
mine. I ventured then, in a low, but distinct whisper,
to utter a brief account of the recent events ; thankfully
adding, when I saw by his countenance and the air of
his head, that his attention was undoubtedly engaged,
that they would bring over again to England his long-
lost son in-law.
" At these words, he turned towards me, with a quick-
ness, and a look of vivacious and kind surprise, such as,
with closed eyes, I should have thought it impossible to
have been expressed, had I not been its grateful witness.
" My dcliglit at such a mark of sensibility at the sound
of your name, succeeding to so many hours, or rather
days, of taciturn immovability, gave me courage to con-
tinue my recital, which I could ix-reeivc more and more
palpably make the most vivid impression. But when
I entered into the marvellous details of the Wellington
victories, by which the immortal contest had been brought
to its crisis; and told him that Bonaparte was dethroned,
was in captivity, and was u personal prisoner on board
an English man-of-war ; a raised motion of his under lip
displayed incredulity; and he turned away his head witli
an air that showed him persuaded that I was the simple
and sanguine dupe of some delusive exaggeration. I did
not dare risk the excitement of convincing him of his
mistake !
" And nothing more of converse passed between us
then— or, alas! — ever! — Tiiough still I have the conso-
lation to know that he frequently, and with tender kind-
ness, felt my lips upon his hand, from soft undulation
that, from time to time, ncknowledptd their pressure.
"But alas! I have nothing — nothing more that is per-
sonal to relate.
" The direction of all spiritual matters fell, of course,
as I have mentioned, to my brother. Dr. Charles.
" From about three o'clock in the aftcrr.oon he seemed
to liceome quite easy; and his ItMiks were perfectly tran-
quil: hut, as the evening advanced, this quietness subsided
into slcep..^a sleep so com|>oscd that, by tacit consent,
every one was silent and motionless, from the fear of
giving him disturbance.
" An awful stillness thence pervaded the apartment, and
so soft became his breathing, that I dropped my head by
the side of h:s pillow, to ho sure that he breathed at all !
There, anxiously, I remained, and such was my position,
'\
.»>!,. i4;^.i
410
FHENCII LITKKATURP.
m ^
% ":■
when his thitlifiil iiiaii-si'rv;uit, Cliorgc, ntlcr watcliliilly
lookiiifr at him rroiii \\\v font uf liis lic'il, Kiiddt'iily hiiisl
into ii!i niiiliblc sob, cryinjr nut, " "ily iiiu»toi'l — my iloar
iiiaslt.'r I"
" I starlcil and rose, inakiii|T ajjilatcd sijriiH fnr (orhrar-
aiico, lest the precious rest, t'roiii whicii I slill ho|ii<l he
mifjlit awaUc recruited, shouhl [ireuiaturely he brokiii.
" Tlie poor yoimg man hid liis lUce, and all again was
Etill.
" For a moment, however, only; an alarm from his
outcry had Ir'cu raised, and the servants, I'uU of sorrow,
hurried into the charuher, whicli none of the fimily, tliat
could assemble, ever quilted, aiul a general lamentation
broke forth.
" Yet could I not believe that all had ceased thus sud
denly, without a movement — without even a sigh I and,
conjuring that no one would speak or interfere, 1 solenuily
and steadily persisted in p.ssing a full hour or more, in
listening to cateh again a breath I could so'feluelanlly
lose: but all of life — of earthly life, was gone liir ever 1
And here, mnn ami, I drop the curtain ! — "
On the 2tltli of the month of April, If^ll, the solemn
final marks of religious respect were paid to llie remains
of Doctor Ui'bnkv ; which were then committed to tlie
spot on wliieh his eyo had last been fixed, in the burying
ground of Chelsea College, iiuruediately next to the ashes
of his second wife. The funeral, according to his own
direction, was plain and simple.
His sons. Captain James Hurney, and Doctor Charles
Ilurncy, walked as chief mourners ; and every mali^ part
of his Vamily, that illness or distance diil not impede from
nttendanee, reverentially nceonipanied the procession to
the grave : while foremost among the pall-bearers walked
th.il <listinguished lover of merit, the lion. I'Vilerie
North, since Karl of (Juildford; and .Mr. .Salomon, the first
professional votary of the doctor's art then within call.
A tablet was soon allerwards erected to his memory, in
Westminster Abbey, by a part of his family; the inseriji-
tion lor which was drawn up by hi.s present inadequate,
but faithful biographer.
When a narratory account is oonchided, to delineate
the character of him whom it has brought to view, with
its FAiUNQS as well us its ex( ki.i.kxc-ks, is the proper, and
therefore the common task for the finishing pencil of the
biographer. Impartiality decnands this eontrasl ; and
the mind will not accompany a narrative of real life of
which truth, frank and unecpiivocal, is not the dictator.
And here, to give that contrast, Irulh is not wanting,
but, strange to say, vice anil frailly 1 The editor, however,
trusts that she shall fiml pardi>n from all lovers of vera-
city, if she seek not to bestow piquancy upon her portrait
through artificial light and shade.
The events and eir.eumstanees, with Ihcir commentary,
that are here presented to the reailer, are conscientiously
derived from sourcesuf indisputable authenticity ; aiiled by
a well-stored memory of the minutest points of the cha-
racter, conduct, dis|)osilion, and opinions of Dr. Ilurncy.
And in the picture, which is hi re endeavoured to be
portrayed, the virtues are so simple, tliiit tliiy eaimot ex-
cite disgust from their exaggeration ; llmngh no conflict-
ing qualities give relief to their pam i;vrie.
lint with regard to the monumental lines, unmixed
prnise, there, is univi rsiilly prailised, and ealls for no
■|K)|ngy. Its object is withdrawn, alike from tViendsand
from tin's, from partiality aiul from envy ; and niankinil
nl large, tlirongh all nations and all liinrs, seems in-
Htinetively agreed, that the finieral record of' departed
virtue is most Htiinulating to posierily whin imencinn-
bcred by the levelling weight of buniiin ilefeels. Not
from any belief so impossible as that he who had hien
mortal could have been perll'it ; hut froin the eonseiuus-
ness that mi accusation can darken the niiirble of ileath,
ere he whom it consigns to the tomb, is not already eon-
•lemnell— or aequitled.
The biographer, therefore, ventures to idose these me-
moirs with the following sepulchral ebaraefer ;
M,ierrd to the memory ofCIIAllM'.S III'IINKV, Mrs.
I), who, full of days, iind lull of virtues; llie pride of his
fiimily; the delight of SIM iriy ; the unrn.illid eliief and
Bcientifie iiistoiiian of Ins tmnl'iil iirl, bi loved, n vend,
ngrelled, ill his H'lli year, April I'Jth, If'l I, brialhi d, in
Chelsea College, his hist sigh ; Ic'viiig In posierily a fiiine
linbleinisbed, Ijuill on the noble talirie of sell'-iieqiiiied ae-
roinplishmeiits, high principles, and pure benevoli nee;
KiMMJiiess with talents, gniely willi lasle, were of his gilteil
mind the blended allribules : while the genial hilarity of
liis airy spirits, flowing from a eoiiHcienee w if bout re.
Iiroaeh, prepared, Ihrough the whole triior of bis earlbly
He, with the iiiedi.'itinii of our blesKid ^*aviuur, his suiil
for heaven.— Amen !
Tim r.so.
J'HtNt II MTKK.VTlJieiC.
We devote a small sjiare to a notice of one of Victor
Hugo's remarkable novels, taken from a iceent nninher
of file Foreign tiuiuferly Review, a work of great merit
now rcpulilished in this city.
Since the novel of Notiv-Danie de Paris, which has
reached six eililions, the author has produced a new
drama, entitled Le lioi S'Amiur, and a novel called
Quinijucnirio^ur, for which last he received ]"),000 francs
from the booksellers (Josselin &, Renduel. He explains
the meaning of this singular title thus — " fxi Qiiiiiijiieii-
Uru'^ne is the vulgar name of one of the towers of Hoiir-
bon Ij'Archambault. This novel is intended as flic com-
plefion of my views on the arts of the middle ages, of
wliieh .\"o//i.Ofl»ir dr Paris gave the first part. .N'u/;r.
Dame dc I'arii is the cutliedral or ecclesiastical architec-
ture ; Qair.iiaciii-ioirae is the donjon, or military arebi-
fectnre which succeeded it. In Xulre-Dame it was my
jiarticnlar object to depict the priestly middle age ; in
iiuinqiiensroirnf. I have attempted the same for the
feudal middle age; the whole, be it well iinilerstood, ac-
cording to my own ideas, which, whether good or bad,
arc my own."
I'lum the Foreign Quartcrli/ Ririew.
The author of Han il'Islaade and Hua Jurgnl has in-
vented another being as extraorilinary as the heris's of
eillier of these eelebrafed romances. To Hans and
Hubihrnh is now to be aildeil Uuasimodo. jVo/ir D,imi
dc I'aris bus already, within a few months of its piilili-
itioii, run thniiigb .'-cveral cdifions; and as liaig as a
faste reiMiiins tiir the extraordinary, or perhaps it should
be ealleil Ihe tremendous, such works must be popular.
They appeal to an appelife which is shared by ihe peer
willi the peasant. Victor Hugo is not a writer in whose
iiands Ihe power of mouliling the liinnan sympathies is
likely to lie idle. He is eloquent, his fancy is active, his
iuiaginalion firlile; and passion, whicli gives life and
energy to the conceptions of n w riler, and w hieh, acting
ujion ideas as fire di«'sn|ioii the parched woods of Ameri-
e.i, sets the whole scene in a flame, i.'^ in him readily
roused. Hugo may he called an affected writer, a
inannerisl, or a horrorisi, but he can never be acciiseil of
Hie great vice, in moileru times, Ihe most heinous of all —
diilness. A volunii' of Hugo is an active stiiimlanl.
.Siine books, as crilies above all men know, act upon Ihe
senses with the depressive ell'eet of i/ig(^;/(> n|Mm file
nction of the heait; some may be coinpared to luiiies,
and some iinhiippily In cnielies: bill the writings of our
aiifbor are in ver ilelirienl in Ihe true .»«/ rolalitr, pre-
pared aeeording to the best ilireclions of' Ihe IV'irisi.in
phariiiaiM|iieia, amongst the iiigreilieiils of which is
never forgotli n a ili ciiled dash of horror. The .Varu'ir
is the source of iiiiieh of' Ihe inspiration of la irurif
I'raiirr. When we piil logefher the pi isoii, the gibbi f,
the pillorv, Ihe gallows, the dissect iiig-riMiiii, the hang-
iiKin and flic priest, tin nionslcr-eriininal and the inoiisli r-
beiilily, we sb.ill have i numerated a considirable jiirlion
of' the eleinenls of* the modern I'reneh romaiiee. W'e
nearly eoniplile the list by adding an air of aniiqiiily,
assiiiiiiiig the language of Ihe ancient chronieles, a
inoriareb mad or cruel, an alehemist's lab ry, and a
inonkora soolhsayer. ihil it is not ni'mneii ...isequenee,
as regards af least Hie effect, what are llii' maleiiuls of'
roinanee, provided ((cniua preiiideh at the dis|Hisitioii of
tlii'i.
Ill the novel befiirc lis, for instance, we enn Inice the
greater part, both of the |H'rsoniiges and the ineiilents
wliieli 111 ear, lo very obvious sources; and flic hkeiiiss
lo the invi nlioiis of many laiglish aiilbnrs is so sfroiig,
that it will tempt some critics to aceiise the iiiillior of
imitation. Some men's ideas, and those not olherwise
than men of genius, liill soinewlmt loo readily irtio the
mould prepiiri d by olhers. They are gilled with only
partial origiiialily. I'aiicv is sedulous ill the eoneepliiin
of eh irieferislie qiialilies; while the memory, acli\e in
Ihe business of conip;irison, assiHiatcs the new ercalien
willi renieinbered ideiis, iiiiil thus Kneads flii' compound
into a form wliii li bears a general re-emblance In the
producl ions of oilier men. Such similarilies eonsliiiilly
presi 111 IIiiiiisiIm's in the writings of Hugo; we may
very olleii percei\( tin in in lliiin' of our own Iliilwer. (l
eaiinol be e:illi il eopying ; it is colieeplion under Ihe
lively linpriision of n very jiowcrful iMirenI mind. Wi
liave no iloiihl that Hugo, in holh his noelry and his
romuiire, is greatly indi bled to laiglish lileraliirc In
eomrnon with his comitrymen, ho has ailoiii,,! .i
Knglish plan of reanimaling the dry hone.-: of aiiliiMniJ I
ami liy an assiduous study of the records of lii^ii.ty |.
fiisiiig info a innilern proiluclion Ihe v:'iy spirit mni L
L'leiire of a foniier age. liiif he bus also |i;irliii|,
oliliL'atioiis ; he has adopted Ihe glcoiii niiil iuvsIitvm'I
-Mrs. K'aildill'e, the siipernaliiral ell'ecis of -MiUiIrin, ';.|,i|
Ihe wild and unearthly personages which \\ idler Sr-ii
lias given various examples of in siicli cliiiraelir. ■',
I'liiilierligibbet and Feiiella. Descriptive senurv ^
eoininon lo the whole of the modern selinol of J.;i,'„ijjj
roniani.e, and it h no less characteristic of llic ivriili
of' our author. In this respect, however, he lias;, j|, ^f,.m
story befiire us, inlrodiieed a novelty of a sirikiii); kind-l
ifs scenes lie chiefly in n ealliedrni, and all ifs iiniilm,!
pass eitbiT in, on, or about it. His laiiilseiipis an..
slone, his fields paveiuent, his figures curved lamls ji
seiilpliired monsters.
^Volrr JJaiiic de Paris is flic history of a fuimdliii.i
e.vpo.sed under the roof of the cathedral of tli.if iiana-'il
the place a|ipropriiited liir the reception of llie illuiiif
iiiales of the metropolis. The inliint is an iiKiuiuitl
iiioiisli r whom every charitably disposed person cftlicBjl
He i.s, however, at length adopted liy a cliaracli r nf ii.T
Iraordiiiary sanctity, tlie urchileacon of .Insas, Chuiid
E'rollo by name — a personage whoperlbinis a very iirin.l
cipal part in the work. He is versed in all Ih- kari,iii(|
of Ihe liiiies, and having soon exhausted llie cnni'iujP
knowledge of his age, he is driven to the d.irk sluili-iM
alehemy and astrology, in whicli he of course luses liini.f
si-ll'. He niaiiages, however, to coinbine gre.it (Ivvutrijl
with the black art; but fasting and praying, ai
habits of the aiiehorife, cannot keep down fin; |ia.s,i,,||||
of the iiiaii. He by aecidenl sees in the slieels a L'i|wI
'jirl, pursuing her vjcatiun in dancing and |ierli.riiui:.l
nicks fiir the gratification of the mob, and he l«(oii,„|
enainomid of her charms. Ihit La Ksineralila is i
eoiiinion gypsy; grace is in all her movenieiifs, liisciiii.!
lion in her mannei's ; she is a f'airy, a muse, n iiiiracinil
beauly, a beggar, a zingari — ilosjiised, defilnl, ailuoj
and deified— Ihe queen of her tribe, and the eiielianUoJ
of flic inullitude. Il is this persoinige we have iiiiii|iuid
lo the Fenella of Scoff. As for the priest and aliliuuilj
he is soiuelbing IkIwccii Dr. Fauslus and llie F.lln
.Vinhrosio of .Monk Iicwis; he has the learning auillU
voluptuousness of holh these heroes. Iff this CUjJ
Frollo, Ihe adopted son is Quasimodo, who is llu iiti
antipodes of I, a Fsmeralila, his ugliness and .ivvkuiidj
ness being as her grace and beauty. He is of citaniJ
I'oriii, liereiilean sfrenglh. bow-legged, hiiiiil of niii i
his face t'rigblt'ully seamed with the sniallpn.v.a kJ
toolli sticks from his nioulh, which niontli is laiil kg
means liori/.ontally in his face ; his hair was (iim|>«J
if' red bristles, and on the right of his fare, over lihrvj
xrew un eiioniioiis wen. ( 'm- filing alone was wmiliu
to eomplefe the picture, and it was siipplleil: liina
deaf. He had been brought up in the enlbedral, andlii
CI died to Ihe office oi bell-ringer, in tlifi disiliafLii
which duty he look a most vehcnient ple.isiirt. Itl
noise of his bells was almost the only sunial lir ri<ii
hear ; llieir music fo him was con.scqueiilly swiilirlliil
llie\iolinof I'agiinini. A bring of this surf wa!iii|
born fo be Hilmireil : Ihe ilisgu.st, « hieh the uiiriil '
bill lillle pains lo disguise, priHluccd its naliiral tirtciii
his leiiipi r. Ijuasimodo did not fiel iiiiieh, bill nlulkj
lid was in spile : llie moiisler is malieioiis,
'J'he main spring of the novel is the pasKimirl'll
priest for l/a Rsmeralda, his jealousy of his rival>,li
ii.ilred of the olijeel, his mivlurc of persrniliun i
adoralion. At oiii^ lime he betrays her info flu lui.ili^
iii.'lice, at uiiollier he risks his lifi', and, wlial i» i
liis reputulinii for sanctity, in her defeiii e. A vmn
trnoriliiiary rival springs up; il is no ofliei fliaii lii<(
lave (jiiasiniodo. An n t of kindness iiiiil synipa
bcHlowi d on the moiiHlcr .'oiuerts him info llu' \i»^
and most delieiile, iis well as the most iirili iif I'l '
admirers of the I'Ismeralila ; Ihe exploits lie |«rlirii»<
liiT service do not yield fo the Iwi he hibonrsnrili.'f'J'l
Dsmiriildais alike iiidilVerenl In the fi rviiif |ki"< >il
file an li. priest, and the liiilbfiil services nl' fin 1*
diive. She hiis fixed her simple afVi ifioli ii|"ill a rip
if genilarmerie, Ciiiigbt by a brilliant iiiiiliniii iiM
liniiilsonie pirsiin, she throws herself, willi ,ill ll"'
iig ardour of' a sonlbrni beiiiily. info a \i' I' "' •'*
iiieiil Hir a Ciipfaiii I'linbus ( Imleaiipers, llir Hi's
IS tailhfiil and iiiexlingiiislnible: she loves ivin d'
Trials alfi ml her, mid a mehinebnly fate cIiiiu'k li'"'
She, the heroine, Ihe lovely gypsy, iscxeruleil In f'*
rHermile, the provost-imirsliiil of lioiiis XI.,
we hear in (imiilin Durwaril, for the miinliT"' I*"'
man die uoiilil have died to save, and who, »iiili«i''l
riii:>cii i,!Ti;k.vti;ki:.
411
4. ■,. ■.'*,',.. •...«;•«»;
111! llllS U(lo|l|i(l ||,(
dry 1)11111 s (if aiiln|uiiv.
I rn'iirils of liMutv, lii. I
tin' wry jpilit iii:iil„i,.|
lie liiiM also iiarliiiilsil
I [.'Inuiii ami niyslcrvi
[■llVcts of .MiiUiriii. 3i„
;r8 whicli WalliTSijiJ
in siK'li cliiiraclir* :
Descriptive sci'iurv
idem soliocil of Kii»li.'ii|
teristic of Iht wriiii.pr
however, Ik^ lias, in \iA
elty of ii slrikiiif kindT
rnl, and all its iiiciiliMfl
IIIh landseapes ait (,|'|
ii.i;ures curved lieaiU si,il|
I liislory of a luumilir,;
tliedral of that iiaiiu, ,'t|
eeei»tioii of liie illt;iiti.f
iiitiint is an imipiinll
[lisposed peryoii rstlims.
•d liy a eliaraeti r cif nJ
leacoii of Josas, Cljuiiel
lio pertijiiiis a viTy|iri».|
■erscd in all 111" kariiinjl
exliausled the c-nuianSI
;en lo the dark stuilii-»i|
I he of course lnsi> hii
coniliine f;re,it ilriiiiMl
tg and pray ill};, ami !l.i|
keep down the |ia»M>,]dl
'es in the siri'ils a sjjmI
lancing and |»'rrLriiur.™
he niol), and he limjuinl
lilt La l^sinerakla is
her inovenieiits, llisci»!.|
liry, a nnise, a iiiiraiii i;
despised, detik >l, ailaij
ribe, and the eialiaatita
ionajji^ we have ediiinira
the priest and akliuiii\ll
Fanstus and the F,.llii|
has the learning and ll
heroes. t)f this CUJj
isiniodo, who is the i
< iij;liiicss and a«l.«aiij
nity. He is ot' (;ipnli^
lijriped, Mind of oik m
rjut' of the limes, is so tar from dead that he is hinisult'
jiirrii'il aliiiiit the time his ffipsy is lianyed. The priest
J.:
,,iJ ills sealiliiiJT '"^■'' '''"' '" destroyinjj its object; tiir it
,; If «hi> in a most critical nioiiieiit pliiiii;es a poniard
ii'olii' rival's side, an act lor which the poor gll'sy is
I wliirfd. per-ieculed and {rihiicled.
V iiuaibcr of scenes, in whieli tlicse and many other
I InciJin's are developed, arc certainly drawn with very
jji,4Jtrablc power. 'I'licy arc also, lo use a |ihrasu ap-
lifj (i) the stage, exceedingly well got up; the costiiine
lil'lk' 'i""-' i'* preserved, and the aiitiipiities of ancient
I fjris I' ivc been carefully studied, hut the work is not,
I IS in tiK writiugs of our Horace Smith, overwhehned
I lilh masses of crude and undigested lure. A romance
ulilcli s|)rini;s from the brain of a man of genius may
Ibocoiiiliared to Adam in Paradise — all grace, aiiimalioii,
linil 'Kiwer: if there lie jiower in such works as those
Inliive just alluded to, it is the ]K)\ver of such a being
lis Krankensteui created — a living lump of clumsy lua-
leliincry.
Till- passages in wliich the uuthor lias produced the
Jmjtcjt iiiijiression are those in which Quasimodo
lliiaros as a principal actor, some of which we shall
llniislatc for the bem'Ht of those who do not possess the
lurliiaiil. Hilt besides these, there are many others
jliii'li display great vigour of painting, and lorcibly
|iiio»i' tlic syin|iatliies of the reader. Such are the descrip-
llioiisor tlic trial and torture of poor Ksineralda — of the
iMi/M/f* miriirlen, a sort of Alsatia, the sacred resort of
111! tlic rogues and vagabonds ot' the metropolis of I'Vance,
loDCuf those retreats and asylmns for iniquity encouraged
ImiJiT the wretched police of the cities of liurope during
Itiif niidille ages — the character and description of the
Itccliisc (ludiilc — and the conversations of Louis XL in
lllie llaslile. Ihit Quasimodo is, ns we have Haid, the
loaiaii'iit (hieiis a non luceiido) of the romance, and to
Ibini ttc shall turn our attention.
Alltlio po|Milati()n of I'aris had asseinhled in the cathe-
Idriliil'.Nutre Dame on occasion of some public ceremony,
nlirii it was projiosed, by way of sport among the nmlli-
lilJo.llijt they should elect a yw/ic lUs fous, a I'unctionary
^ho a|i|H'ars to answ<'r pretty closely to our lord iif mix-
jrnfr. Dver the door of the cha|iel of Louis XL was an
irnaiiiciil ll window of a stone frame : a pane of this
kas broken, and an opening aji|>carcd just the si/c of a
■Oman faoc, the stone nmllions serving liir an appropriate
The proprietor of the ugliest liice that presented
llms.lf was elected pope I'or the day, and as the honour
pill C'lieted, the candidates wc^re numerous, 'i'lie mo-
iciitof trial was when the lace, placed in the broken
ll, «!ioiie llirth in all its iiionstroiisness on the rolling
|iu.< of jiulgi's below. All who pre 'osed to run the
piinlli't veiled their virgin charms, i. J only iiiitiilded
iie !'a!l linrrors of their eoiiiitenances nt the instant of
rfjontation; they were mounted upon a eoiiple of barrels
I'jo'il one U|Kiii the otlicr, and then lliey protruded their
pnriiiitii's through the mullions.
"'I'lie grimaces began. The tirst fare that showed itself
lllliv wiiidiiw, with its rid eyes ami mouth like that of
I will! Iiea^l, and a tlirehcail all puckered up like the
kriiikli's of a pair of imssar boots in the time id' tin'
liii|»ror, caused such convulsions of inextinguishable
WlitiT, lliat had lloiner heard tliein be would have
wnitlie rnlhaiiH I'or immortal gods. A second ami a
fitil ijriniaee succeeded each oilier, then another
aiiotlier, all lollowed by shouts of laughter, ami
stampings and eliitlerings of joy. A sort of
Nic iiitcixieatiiin, ii wild and Hii|iornatural kind
' bo'iiialiun, seemed to seize n|M>ii llie mob, which
I inmlil Im' vain lo give an idea of to the rea ler
liiiir own days. Lnagiiie a series of visages sueees-
fl"!*' |iri'si'iitiiig every species of geometric form, from
Uriuii^rle to the trapezium, from the cone lo the |>oly-
Wruii— every e)[|)re«Bion of the human eountenaiiee,
1 raijc (Imvii to glnllony — all agis, from the shrivels
fllir iiil'iiil to the wrinkles of haif.dead age — all sorts
|lri'li);ioiH pliaiitasinagories, iVom KaiinU'* to Heei/.ehub
rill |imlili s nseinbling heasts, from the nniw to the
f'k. Iroiii the head of tile hoar lo the mii/./le of a bull.
fn»»' all the inaskH of the I'ont Neuf, all the niglit-
IHlrllieil nndiT the Innid of the (ierman I'lloii,
w'niy aiiiinaled with life and niotlun, and enniing in
Jni.loiliriivi tlieir ugly I'eatiires and Ihiming eyes mtii
«r hire— all the masking ligures of the carnival Milting
P'llir glasnof yuur tulciicu|)a — ilia word, u Iminan
pH-liiiNnij^',
" rill' orgies increased In ooarseni'K'* nnil conrusion.
lift ciiiilcl have givi'ii but a very imperlei'l idc a ol
' wi'iii'. Siipinmii Salvator Hirna lo have painteil a
fwialiaii bitlle. There wan no longer any dislinc.
i> »r ruikn and porauiii — nv Igiig^T Rvliulart, itinbuMu-
dors, citi'/eiis, men iiiul women — no more (.'lopin Trouil-
li'liiu the beggar, (lih's Lrcoriin, Alary IJuatre-livres, or
Uobiii I'ous.sepain — all were lost in the general liei use.
'I'he great hall was one vast t'urnaec of ell'rontery aii(i
jollity ; evi'iy mouth was a cry, every eye' a Ihisli, every
liu'c a contortion, every individual a posture, all was
howling and roaring. The strange visages wliicli t'roiii
time to time present themselves at the window were
like brands tlirown on the bla/.ing fire, and from all this
cli'ervesceiit crowd escaped, like smoke from a furnace, a
sharp, shrill, hissing, steely rumour, like the buzz of a
gigantic blue-bottle lly."
At length, a thunder of applause, mixed with prodi.
gious acclamation far beyond any uproar that had yet
been raised, indieated that something iicciiliarly mon-
strous had made its appearance. The fools' pope was
elected !
" ll was in fact a face of miraculous tiglincss which
at this moment blazed forth from the whole of the win-
dow. Aller all the eoiinteiianees, pentagonal, hexagonal,
and hcteroelite, which had succeeded at the window
without realising the idea of the grolcsipie which the
crowd had set up in their frantic iniaginations, it re-
quired something sublimely monstrous to dazzle the
multitude and to earn their sull'rngcs by acclamation.
.Master Coppenolc actually applauded, and t'loida Tronil-
lel'ou, who had been himself a candidate, confessed him-
self conipiered, and (iod knows to what intensity of
ugliness his features reached. We shall not atteni|)t to
give the reader an idea of the tetrahedron nose of the new
pope — of his horsc-shoc shaped maw — of the little red eye
stubbled up with an eyebrow of carrotty bristles, while the
right one was utterly overwhelmed ami buried under an
enormous wen— of his irregular teeth, broken and nippid
in all diri'ctions like the crenelled baltlciiientsof a ruined
tlirtrcss — of his horny lip over which one of his teeth
stretched out like the tusk of an elephant — of his linked
chin — but, above all, of Ihi' expression spread over these
beautiful features, tliat mixture of spite, of wonder, and
melancliolj-. IJriain, if you can, of such an object.
" 'I'he acclamation was unanimous ; the crowd ruiihed
to the chapel. 'I'he lucky fools' pope was brought out
in triumph, and it was only then that surprise and ad-
miration were at its height. His monstrous head was
stuck over viilli red hairs; between his shoulders arosi
an enormous bump, which had a corresponding projec-
tion iu front ; his legs and thighs were liuill upon n
system of such extreme! irregularity, that they touebeil
m no oik; point hut the knees, and, seen in front, resem-
bled a pair of sickk's joined together at the handles ;
his feel were ininiense, his hands nionstrons ; hut with
all this detlirmity, there was a formiilable air of strength,
agility, and courage, tiirming a strange exeepliou to the
eternal rule, wliii li ordains that t'oree as well as beauty
should result from harmony.
" He liioked like a giant that liud been broken and ill
soldered togetlier.
" When this sort of (\<lops np|H'arcd on the threshold
of the chapel, imiiiovabh', lolly, sipial, and almost as
broa<l as high, tin ' scpiate of his base,' as is said by a
great man, the popiilaee instantly recognised him by his
coat half led and half iiliie, spotted with silver liells, ami
more especially the extraui'diiiariiuKs of his ugliness,
and cried out with one voice, ' It is Quasimodo the bell-
ringer, it is Qilasiniodo the hump-baeked, of Notre
Dame : QiiasimiKlo the one-eyed ! Quasimodo the knoek-
kiieeil ! Hurrah I Hurrah!' 'I'he jsior devil, it seems,
had names to choose among." — pp. IHi — 1(17.
Quasimodo was the bell-ringer of Notre Dame; he
had been ex|Mised iin infant on its pavement, and be
gaimila livelihood by ils towers; be was tlii' child of
the eatliedral, lived in It, ami was of it, ditfering in lilth
from its iiniigi s id' stone and the carved capitals of its
pillars, except in the gilV of loeoinotiiiu.
"In llie progress ol' tune, between the Itcll-rinifer nn.l
the eliureh a union was furnied of the most intimuti
ileseription, Separated fur ever I'roiii llie world by the
dnulile fatality ol' his unknown birlli and his misslia|H'n
nature — imprisoned from his ehildbood within these im-
passable boundaries — the unhappy wretch was ueeiis-
iomeil to see no other object in tin* world iH'yond the
religions walls which had gathered him in their shades.
Notre Dame bail U'eii sneeessively, aieordiiig as In
grew and expanded, his egg, liin nest, his house, hi-^
eouiilry, and the niiiverse,"
" A soil of mysteiioiiB and pre-exislrnt hnrmony had
grown up between tins creature nnil Ibe eililiee. While In
was still ipiite a I'liild, and dragged hiinself along, twist-
ing and jumping miih'r its shaily arches, lie appeared
with Ins human line, ami his limbs scarcely human,
niiiuiig tlio grotesijiiu ■liuilown tlirown duwii by the
capitals of the gotliie pillars, the nalivo reptile of the
dark anil liuniid pavement.
"As he grew up, the first time that he inechanically
laid hold of the rope leiiiging f'nuii the tower, clung to
it and put the bell in motion, the efl'ecl upon its patron
and protector was that produced upon a parent by the
liist articulate sounds of his child.
" Thus by little and little his spirit expanded in har-
mony with his cathedral; there he lived, there he slept,
and under the perpetual intluence of its presence ho
came at last to resemble it, to be incrusled with it, to he
as it were an integral part of it. His salient angles
seemed to fit into the corners of the cdillcr, so that ho
appeared not only the inhabitant, but as if nature had
intended it for his shell, and that, like the snail, he had
taken its form. Between him and the church the syin-
pathy was so proliiund, there were so innny magnetic
atlinilies, that he stuck to it aa tlie tortoise udheres to its
shell."— ii. p. as,
(Quasimodo was as fiiniiliarly acquainted with every
turn and corner, recess and stair of the calludral, as
other men are with the house they are born in ; there
was not a depth he bad not fathomed, not a height
he had not scaled. He had even climbed up the facade
by means of the little projections that arc always to bo
Ibund in (iotliic architecture. He might sonictimcs have
been seen creeping up the sides of the lolly towers like
a lizard gliding up a perpemlienlar wall; he could stand
upon their dizzy heights us another would stand upon tho
solid floor; vertigo, fright, and the sudden seizure with
giddiness, which attack others, wvn: unknown to him.
Ho hud, as it were, tamed his two giant towers, so mild
and inanugi'ahle did they appear under his hands. Tho
natural result of this struggling, and climbing, and
juinping, and sliding uimmg these tremendous artificial
pre( i|iiees was, that he had become something bet ,vecn a
monkey and a niouiitaiii goat; he could climb lieiore ho
could walk, just as the child of the South Sea islaiidii
swims beliire it can stand, and plays with the wave whilo
it is unable to move a step on the earth. So much for
the person of the bell-ringer; wc must |)ermit his uuthor
to describe his mind in his ow n words :
"Not only dhl the person but also the mind of Qnasi-
mado appear to be moulded by the cathedral. It 18
dillii nil to describe lli(! state of this being's more ethereal
portion — to say what tiirin or folds it had been eimtractcd
into under its knotty covering and during its wih! and
savage life. Ijiiasimodo was born blinii of one eye,
Immp-backcd, and limping. Clanile I'rollo had taught
him to articulate with trouble and diirKiilly,uiid a fatality
seemed altaehed to the unhappy creature. I'or having
beeonie ringer of the lulls of Notre Dame at the early
ag(! of t'oiirti ( n, the volume of sound hail broken tho
drum of his ear ; so that the only gate which naturo
bad hll wide open was thus shut ami liircvcr. In closing
that she had intercepted the only ray of joy and light
which still penetrated into the dark recesses of (iuasi.
inodo's soul; protijund night conse(|iiently settled upon
it. Deep melaiieboly supervened and eompleteil tho
ealalogue of his miseries. His deafnesr rendered him in
a great measure imite. The momeiit he perceive (I him-
sell' deaf, he resolved to esca|H' ridicule by an inexorublu
silence, which he never broke but when he w;.s aloiio.
He tied up voluntarily the tongue which his inasler
Claude had taken such vast pains to hsisen ; so that
when it became necessary to s|Hak, his tongue was he-
numbed and his s|Kecli ihick ; the liin((cit were rusty,
and niovi (I with labour.
" It' now we were to eiidcnvour In pcnelrnic inin llio
interior of the soul of Quasimodo, tin oiigli the hard and
olnliirat(! rhid ; if we were lo sound the depths of this
bungling piece of organisation ; if wc wi re emibhtl lo
hold a torch Ih hind these imlranspareiit organs, lo
explore the shadowy interior of this opaipie being, lo
light up its obscure corners, its unmeuiiing cul-de-sacs,
and to liirii a hinip upon the wrelelied spirit enehuincil
at the boltoiii of this eavern, we should find, doubtless,
Ibe poor crialiirc ill some miscnihle attitude, stunted iinil
rickety, like the prisoners iiinhr the leads of Veiiiee,
who grew ohi, doubled and rolled up ill a Ihix of sloiie,
loo low to Klniid up ill, and loo norrow to lay down
upon.
"Tlig spirit iissuredly pines in n deerepid form,
(iuiisimodo scarcely lilt the blind inovemi nts of the soul
within him. 'I'he impressions of objects wire subjei ted lo
11 considerable refraetinu helcire they arrived iil the neat
nftliougbl. His brain was n soit of' s|k i nil ineiliiiiii.
The ideas which entered his mind straight eaiiie out all
twisled. The relleelion resulting from this relVnclioii
was liei'cs»arily (livergi'iit and devious. Ilneea lliousand
optical iliuaimiii, a thousand aberrulioiti of judgim-iil, u
>■'?:"•'.;' ^.; .;''^*3
I t"'-' '•;■; Iw 'fa^3
fc^y'k^^^^'^
i:T:';.:.^i''i!:rli
\ i'..jf ... -J.T
t:P:H
)■;.'!■ Hi
•I
I
■*4'
412
rUENCll LITERATURE.
tliousaml bycwaj's down which liU sunu'timi's idiotic,
Bonu'tinics limalic fancies would wander.
"The fir.st nsiilt of this filal organisation was llic
confnsinjf liis vision, lie (■careely received a singl"
direct perception. Tlic exterior world appeared to him
at a greater distance tlian it dues to ns. 'I'lje second
result of his niisl'ortiuio was to render him mischievons.
He was, ill truth, mischievous because he was savafje;
he was savafje because he was Uijly. Tiieri' was a logic
in his nature as well us there is in ours. His strcnfjih,
developed in so extraordinary a manner, was nnollier
cause of his miscliievousncss. Malus piier roliustiis,
says Hobbes. However, wc nuist do him justice; ma-
lice was not inborn in him. First ho felt, and then he
saw, even from his earliest youth, that he was rejected,
despised, cast off. Human speech had been to him
nothing beyond a jeer or a curse. As he grew up he had
seen notjiing about him but hatred. He had adopted it.
He had aci|uired the general spirit. He had jiicked up
the sword bv which he had been wounded.
"Allcr all, he turned towards mankind with reluc-
tance; his cathedral was enough for him. It was
peopled with heads of marble, kings, saints, and bishops,
nho at least did not laugh in his face, and looked upon
him only with un air of trani|uillily and brnevolcnee.
T'le other statues, those of monsters and demons, did
not visit him, Quasimodo, w ilh their spite. 'J'hey were
too like him tor that. 'I'heir raillery was levelled against
a very dillercnt class of men. The saints were his
friends and bles.«ed him ; the monsters were his friends
nnd guarded him ; so his feelings towards them were,
therelore, strong and alVeclionate. He would pass whole
hours crouching down beliire one of these statues, holding
a sort of solitary dialogue with it. If any one came
past he would Hit away lil-e a lover surprised in a
serenade.
" The cathedral was not only his society but his uni-
verse, in short, all nature to him. He thought of no
other trees than the painted ones on his cathedral win-
dows, which were always in hlooin ; of no other shades
than those of stone, adorned ivilh birds in the groins of
the arches ; of no other mountains than the colossal
towers of the ehureh ; of no other ocean than Paris,
which roared at his licl.
" But that w liieh he loved most of oil, that which
chiolly animated his poor llutlering soul in its prison,
and sometimes even gave him a senautiun of linjipiaess,
was the hells. He luved them, he caressed lljem, he
spoke to them, understood Ihein — from the chimes of the
steeple of the cross-aisle to the great hell al«>ve the
gateway, 'i'he belfry of lli<^ cross-aisle and <.\c two
towers were like three gigantic cages in which he kept
Ilia favourite birds. It was these same birds, however,
which had dealened liim ; but mothers arc nflen fondest
of the children that li.ive caused them the greatest pain.
It is true that their voices wer<' pretty nearly the only
ones which he could hear. On this score the great Im'II
was his liest bi^lovi d. She was preferred In-fore all the
noisy sisters of this boisterous family, which tlntlind
about him on each day of fete or festival. Tliis great
bell he called Muri/. She was placed in the Routhern
tower along with her sister .A/ri/i/r/iHC, a bell of slenderer
pretensions, inclosed in a cage of less magnitude, by the
side of her <iwn. Tliis Jaeipielini^ was so named from
the name of the wile of John .Montague, w ho had pre.
sented her to the ehureh, a gill which, n< verlheless, did
not prevent him from culling a figure without his head
at .\lontl1iueon. In tlii^ second tower were six other
btilln, and lastly, the six smallest bills dwell in the 1h ll'ry
over the cross-aisle, with the wiHideii In 11, which is only
rung between Holy Thursday anil llio morning of the
eve of Master Siiiiilay. Thus tjuasiinodo had (illeeii
belles in his seraglio, but the liig Mary was his favourile.
"It is iinpossilile to form an idea of his joy on the
days of tile great prals. The instant Hie arilideaeon
liad let him oil', and said ' go,' he mniinted the corkscrew
staircase of the belfry ipiii ker than any body ilse could
have comii down, anil rushed all out of breath iiiln the
nerial ehamlier of the great hell; he considered hern
moment uilli pasNionale allention, then he legan to
address her kindly : he palled her v ilh his hiiiiil, as one
would n good horse that has just eoinplelnl a brilliant
KoUop. lie would pily her for the Iroiible he wts going
to give her. Aller these lirst caresses he give the signal
to his heliHTs, placed on n lower stnge of the lower, to
liegin. They (lew to the ri>|M's, the capstan ereakeil, nnd
the eiioriiioiiii cone of metnl was put slowly and henvilv
into motion. QiiasiiniHln wnlehed the movements Willi
heaving breast. The lirst shock of Hie tongue ngninst
llin woll of brnss nniile the whole seatloldinir nftlic lower
un which it was placed to shudder. Quasimodo trriiiblcd
with the bell. Vali ! he would cry, with a burst of idiot
laughter. As the great clappi r began to move more
rapidly, and presented a greater and greater angle, the
tye of Quasinu.do would open wider and wider, and
shine out with a more phosphoric and torch-like light.
.\t last the grand peal would begin, the whole tower
trembled, beams, rafters, leads, stones, all groaned to-
gether, I'rcm the piles of the foundation to the club-knots
of the roof. Quasimodo then boiled over with delight,
his month foamed, he ran backwards and forwards, he
trembled from the crown of tiie head to the soles of his
feet. 'I he great IkII let loose, and, as it were, furious
with rage, presented its enornious brazen inuw now at
one side of the tower and now at the other, from which
roared the volume of sound that might be heard four
leagues round. Quasimodo placed himself before the
open mouth, lie crouched down and got np us the bell
went to and fro, breathed its lioisterous breath, and
looked down by turns the two hundred feet below him
and then at the enornious tongue of cojiper, which
arrived second allor second to howl in his ear. This
was the only language which lie could comprehend, the
only sound which troubled his universal silence. He
spread himself out like a bird in the sun. All of a sud-
den he would be seized by the phrenzy of the bell : his
look Im'cuiuc wild; he would wait the coming of the
engine us a spider watches a My, and would suddenly
throw himself upon it with all his force. Thus susjicnded
over the abyss, agitated by the forinidable oscillalion of
the bell, he seized the brazen mcaisler by its earlels,
strained it with his knees, spurred it with his heels, and
with the shock of his body and the weight of Jiis blows
redouliled the fury of the peal. The tower itself would
begin to rock, then he began to cry and grind his teeth,
his red hair to st;ind on end, and his lungs to pant and
hlow like the IxMow s of a forge, his eye to daft fire, and
the monstrous hell to neigh under him. It was then no
longer the bell of Notre Dame nor yet Qiiasiinodo ; it
was tt dream, a whirlwind, u tempest, vertigo astride of
uproar; a spirit shackled upon a winged beasi ; a strange
centaur, half-innn hulf'-hell; a species of liorril.le Astid-
plio, curried oil" by a prodigious hiiipogrilV of living
iiroiize.
" 1 he presence of this extraordinary being seemed to
inspire Ihe whole cathedral. A kind of mysterious emu-
nation, ut least so the supersliliuus iniillitudo inia-
ginrd, appeared to escape from him, nnd to animate the
ancient stones of iNotre Dame, uiid niuko the very en-
trails of the old church pant willi the breath of hie.
When he wa.i Ihcro it was easy tofliney that the thou-
sand figures in stone were moving, uiid that the galleries
and the gateways were instinct with lite. In fact, the
cathedral seemed a docile filing in his bunds, she waited
only his will to raise her great voice, she was possessed
iind filled with (Quasimodo us with n familiar genius.
Ho might have lieen said to muko the old building
breathe. There lii^ was every whore; ho :nultiplieil
liiinsell'at all poinlsnfthc edifice. Alone liino the eye
was struck with atlViglit at lichulding at the lop of one
of the loftiest towers, a strange dwarf, climbing, twining,
creeping, descending into thisobyss, leaping fiuin angle
to angle, or fiimliling in llio iioIIowh of some sculptured
(iorgon — it was Quasimodo unnestiiig the daws. At
aiM'tlier time Ilin speclator stumhled, in some dark
corner of the ehureh, u|Hjn n croiiehing grimliieed ereu-
liire, a sort of l.viiig chiinn'rn — it was (Quasimodo mu-
sing. At another time might be seen under a bell an
I normons htad nnd a bundle of ill-p,icked meinliers,
swinging itself with nil uir of desperation at the end of
a colli ; lliis was (Juasiinoilo ringing the vos(M>rs or the
nngiliis, I''r-<i|iii(iilly in the iiiglil a hideous loriii iniglif
lie seen wniiiiiTing on the frnil bnlustriilu which runs
round llin towers and Ihe periphery of tlin upsides: il
win still the limiip-baeked liell ringer of Noltn Daine.
U'lieii he appeared, llie old women of the iieigliiiiiurhood
imagined that Ihe biiililiiig began In nssiiine a inn-
gleal and su|>eriiatiital look, e^es nnd mouths were
said lo n|H<ii nnd shut ; Ihe dogs and tho ser(K'iit« ninl
Ihn grIMins of nloiie, which waleh day and night Willi
oiilstrrlehed iieckH and o|h'ii jaws about the moiiNlroiis
enlheilrni, were hoard to howl. If it haiippiied to be
( hrislnins, Ihn great bell, which called llio failhful to
Ihe miilnight mass, seemed In rattle in thn Ihroul, there
wns n Ktrunge nnd ominous look nboni the fni,'n(lo of
tlie cathedral, the gules sceined lo devour the crowd ns
liny I'lileri d, and Ihe loso-kiiol windows over I hem li
eye the |Hople wilh n glance of evil omen. All this
sprung from Quasimodo. I'.gypl would have taken liini
fur the ||imI of the leinpio ; Ihn middle ago Im'IiovoiI him
lo Im Ihn demon: he was Ihe soul of it. To such n
point was hu to, thai for ihuie wlio tro acquuliited with
Ihe fad of Quasimodo's existence, Notro Dumc aniir, j
deserti'd, inanimate, dead. One perceives that »„„,
thing is wanting, is gone. This iinnieiiso body isvo,/
ihe s|iirit has departed ; we see the place and that ;' I
ill. It is like a skull; the holes to look llirniiir|ur.
there, but the sight is gone." — Vol. ii, pp. 2(i 12?
Such is the power of genius: if our translalioa lijvj I
conveyed any of the efl'ect of the original, the reader am
learn what spirit the fancy of a poet may infuse jnii
the idea of a lamo old bell-ringer and the wullsofn
ancient church.
The charms of the heroine Esmeralda are of softs.
inating a description that the ccelesiasticrilaullioriiie,
of the lime are willing to attribute their cfTecIf fuscr.
eery. Tho results of a fit of jealousy on the purl of ibe
priest, who has conceived a wild and frantic Mssion
liir her, involve her in a charge of murder, nnd she i.
brought under the hands of justice, as it was nioslabo. [
minably miscalled. Torture is applied, and tlie poor I
creature is condemned to death. One friend, oiio disln. I
terested (iiithful friend, alone exists in the world, sndl
who does the reader suppose il is? it is no other iluj I
Quasimodo the preposterous. A solitary act of tor* I
volenco bestowed upon the creature, who during Imlnj I
had met with nothing in human nature but haired anil
contempt, won his ail'eclions for ever. Seeing the beinj I
he worships with the Immilily and veneration ofaslinl
on the point ofsuHcring death, he employs his gigamicl
strength nnd miraculous activity in eflcetinghcr rcsciif, I
Ily a contrivance, for the details of which wo must refer I
lo the author, Quasimodo snatches the wretched C.<iiit
rulda from the scufTold, hoists her upon the walls uf hit I
beloved Notre Dame, which overhung il, and prMurtt I
her the asylum of its altar. In this retreat (.lie remain! I
oine time, tho officers of the bloody and lynnnical in. I
bimul that hud condemned her wulching and pionlinji
about tho cathedral for their prey. Quasimodo is lio«.f
ever not only a liost lo defend, but a genius fo atlend;
guarding her in a small apartment on the roof, he con.l
trives to aniieipate all her wants, and wails upon heil
with tho devotion of a slave. Ksmeralda, however,!
possesses a host of partisans, of whom Quasimodo it|
iitlerly ignorant. A (]unrter of I'aris was nt that liiwl
the villains' general home : il wns inhnbitcd by alltlml
who made war upon the city. Iloro Esinornlda,iiilinl
ipialily of public dancer nnd trickster, necessarily ifsiitl
I, nnd liy her supposed gipsy parentage owned ahr{i|
liocip of clansmen and delenders. Tho wlinleoflUil
I'ari.-ian Alsutia resolves u|)on delivering Lsnieraldi,!
who was their favouriln, from the hazardous reliice lol
which she had been taken. Quasimodo unluckily iiiii.[
takes their inlentions, and under the ideo of prolcclin|l
'lis charge, makes a resislnneo fioin the old walls of iIkI
-athedral, which they are quite justified in looking iipfir
as miraculous. Tho description of Ihe nflack of Iktl
w hole nation of rnseuls ond rogues upon the church, ull
its defeneo by (juoeimndo, is among the most stnkni{l
picturoH in the liook. We shall endeavour lu fmiDliliI
a |Hirtion of il, counting U|ion a very consiilernlilc losi
of vigour, more especially as the French of M. llti{oil
particularly rich and forcible in every thing that rcliMl
to ragamulfinism.
" This lame night Quasimodo slept not. Iln hndjiutl
gniin his last immds in thn church. He had noH
marked the ill-temper of the arch. deacon as ho \miii
who looked in no benevolent manner on the earn anCitJ
livity ha einployod in boiling nnd pudlnekiii|; tlidr
niense iron burs which gave lo the great gales all IM
solidity of n wnll. After liuving given a glunceliill«|
hells, In .lueipieline, lo Mary and Thibauldl, ulioniln
had lately so miserably neglecleii, be had nirainledli
Ihe smninit of the norlbern tower, nnd llinre plai'in[!ki
ilnrk nnd well closed hinlern on the lendit, In' sale In:
self down lo conlcmplale I'aris. I'nris, whicli »i^
scarcely lighted nl Ibis period, presented lo Ihn oyrll
eonfnseil ninss of somlirn iinnges, traversed lieie ill
there by the while snrfiicnof the Heine. Nnli(;lil«
lo be seen except in Ihn lofty window of a llirrenimi^
hiiilding, thcniillines of which wore clonrly ilcfiiieili
the sky III Ihn direili'in of the I'orle St. Anloini'. '"
wns also some one else who watched. ( I'hia w" '
aparlmeil of l,oiiis XI.)
"Whilst he allowed his cyn lo winder oter IK
V'lgiie mass of mist nnd ihitknesH, nn omul ion ufiiniiitf
nnd nnensines gained upon him. Kor severiil d«yi|i
lie hid III en upon his guard, having reniiirknl t numi^
of sinister looking Individuals eontinnully p'l"^
nlioul the ehureh, nnd who apjirnrod lu H ^iserinsit'
for the jMxir girl's asylum, lie had sn idea Ihil »
plot n|[nin»l the unhappy rnfiigi's wtt alfiali"'"
niENCII LlTEHATrRE.
413
•■■-'%■■■• -WW
e, Notro Danio api,ej„ |
a perceives that w,,,,,
iiniiieiiso body is vriid-
the pl.-ico 1111(1 ilijt iJ I
is to looli throii;r|i„j
^1. ii. pp. 2(i— 12.
if our translation hm I
Driginul.tho reader iiui
1 poet inny infuse iwo
er und the wulls of u
Csmcraldn ate offofii. 1
!cclcsiastic;ila«tlioriliei |
lite their cBecis to so,.
lousy on the part of ibe I
ild and frantic |i,issioii |
1 of innrder, and she i. I
itice, as it was most abo. I
; applied, and tiie imo, |
One friend, Olio dis'iii.
xists in the world, and 1
t is? it is no other llian I
A solitary act of boi;(. I
:uro, who durinf his liii I
I nature but hatred aid I
over. Seeing the beinj I
ind veneration uriisliitl
lie employs his gigamici
y in olVcctinirhor rcjciit.I
Isofwiiicli wo niuslrcfttl
hostile wretched E<nii!.[
ler upon the wallsof hiil
vcrluinB it, and |irMurei|
I this retreat khc remain! I
loody and tyrannical in. [
wutrhing and pionliD(|
L'y. Uuasiinodo is lio
, but a genius tu allendj
irnt on the rnol', he ron.l
nts, and wails upon htil
Esmeralda, liowncrj
of whom Quasimodo III
f I'ariH was at that liul
vas inlinbited hy all lintel
Iloro Esmornhia, lnliti|
elisler, necessarily rfsii
parentage owned a larpl
Ilth. TIio whole of lliiil
delivering EfiiietaMi,!
le hazordoiis rohice lol
asimodn unluckily ioii.r
or the idea of protectlc{|
fioin the old »nllsoflh(l
justified in l(iokin|;npoil
iun of llio attack of lUl
H upon the cliurcli,iEll
nnng tlic most Btiikiii||
1 endenvuur to Iroiiililil
orv consiileralilc laal
e Froneli of M. llu|;oa|
oviiry tiling; that rolaMl
o«1cntnnt. nehgdjiiit|
liiircii. lie had not f
rcli.dearon an ho paiird
nnner on tlio canuncicj
and padlockiii)! tUi>
the great pales all lit
tig given a chiiicelulln
...il 'riiilinurdl, tthonik
ited, liP liad inminUiilJ
er, and tlinrc plmiiifli^
n tlio load*, In' «il'' I'"
ris. I'liris, which •
prcscntod In the cyil
gi<s, trBverwd hero IM
m Heine. No lifhuij
indow of a liir reiiH
were clearly dcfiwil i
I'lirtf Kt, Antoini', Tta
utclicd. ( I'hii *•« '"
(o wnndiT otor llij
ss, nn oinutiiiniifa"!"!
Tor Pine rill dayiW
ing roniiirkcd imin
U lonlimmlly |""«"^
nmd tub") ^ipcriiis""
I had mi Jn^ ''"' '*
igva wat nlbol,!'"!''
nia'incd that the hatred of the people was directed ii
ll'jjjjiiist the supposed sorcerer as uguinsthitnauli'. S
I h.kciit himself on his tower, on the watch, revanl datu,
unrcMi'i as Rabelais says, gazing Hometimcs u|)on tin
11 (l^sincralda's abode,) soinolinios on I'aris, inakinj;
(lire juard, like a good dog, und with a heart full of
I (lj.;tlll!*t.
"All of a sudden, while he was scrutinising the great
jitv with the eye which nature by way of comjiensalion
haj made su piercing that it almost supplied the want
I lliljolhor organs, it appeared to him that the profile
I f ,1,5 quay of La Vioille-"elleterie assumed a singular
lupeaiance. There ap|)eared to be motion about it ; the
I blirk outline of the para|iet, clearly defined on the
uliilcning waters, seemed to him as no longer cither
I iirai'kt or motionless like that of the other quays, but
I ihal U undulated to the eye like the waves of o river or
the heads of a multitude marching onwards. This
slinck him as strange. He redoubled his attention.
I Tl'.e movement ap|K>ared to be extending towards the
|cliv:it existed but a short time on the quay : it then
I subsided by little and little as if it were entering into
I the interior of the isle, it then suddenly ceased and the
I oullines of the quay became once more straight and mo
I lionlcss.
".M the moment that Quasimodo had exhausted
I hiinsclfin conjecture, the movement reappeared in the
Eiicdii Parvis, which extends perpendicularly into the
cilr from the fa^^ide of Notro Dame. At last, so intense
I Kan llio obscurity, that no sooner did he see the head of
lacoluinn dobouch by this street, than the crowd spread
I Itself over the precincts, where nolliin:; could be dis-
lliiigiiislicd but that it was a crowd. The sight was
lilarining. This singular procession could not approach
I nillioiit somo noise or nuiriniir, whatever silence might
I be kept: the trampling of the foot alone of so groat n
|cnwdniu.«t necessarily have sounded through the still-
I iitss of the streets, liut no sound reached the brain of
I Ihn deaf Quasimodo, and the vast multitude of which
Ihe could only catch glimpses, and which seemed to liiiii
I iini.dcss, liau the elfect of au army of the dead, who
I had risen from their graves at midnight, nmtc, impal
Ipab!', and ready to vanish into thin air. It sceiiicd to
|faiiiusil'a mist full of human beings was approaching,
I anil that what ho saw in moliou wore the shadows of the
Itliidos.
"Then the fears of an attempt against the Eiryplian
Jntuinrd to his apprehension. A confused notio': pro-
lunled itself to his mind that a crisis was npprouching
limllic began to reason nn the danger of her sitiintioi
Iwlli more method than might have Doen expected friiii
II brain so iinpi'ricctly organised. Ought ho to wake
Itlie Heyptian ? Should ho Ciintrive lior evasion .' Where ?
Iioiv f the sireeis were invested : the church was washed
lb; tiie river. No Imat was to ba had, and there was no
lutlcl. There was hut one alternative; lie would dir
lonllie tlireshoM of tlio cathedrnl, after making every
Ircsislaiiec in his power until succour arrived. lie ro-
lnolifd not to diiturh the r(>;>o«« of his protegSo; the iiii.
Ihippy creature would wake time enough to die. Ili.s
litsolulion being taken, ho set himself to examine the
pfiny with greater tranquillity.
"The crowd appeared to incroaso every instant in the
Ipreoinrlii. Qiiasiuiodo, however, conjectured that the
Idoih they made must bo very slight, lor the windows
lol'llie street and the place remained closed. All of a
liiidileii a light hIioiio out, and in an instant seven or
lti:bl lighted tiirclins npjH'nred above the heads of the
laui, branilishing their tults of tlamo against tho thick
TilirkncM. Then were disclosed to the ranililing eye
hfQiiisinioilo whole troops of innn and women in rags,
Jtime.l with sickles, pikes, hedgebills, and liiilbertg with
|lhtir[;lan('ing lieuils. Hero and there black forks stink
net liidniiia laces like horns, lie seemed tu have some
hi|iic roiiioiiilirnnce of this multitude, and liincied that
p« had won the same fasliiun of heads boliiro (when he
Vi«elerli'd loids' |K)|ic.) A man, who held n torch in
kn« hand and n weapon in tho other, gut Ujioli u (Mjst
■nil appeal I'd to bii linrnnKuiiig. At the •nnui tiini
Jliii ilrange nriiiy mndo some ovolulions, us if il wore
ini! jilnri'il in stations round the church. Quasimndii
kicki'il up Ins lantern, and went down upon tho plut-
Ifcnn lielween the lowers, in orilct to lie able to»eu more
Riilmctly ami ariange his means ofdefuiinn.
"Clopin Tronillefoii, on his arrival hofiiro the lolly
JoMaUof Nciiro Itiinie, hud, in fact, ranged his IriKips
Pwler of hntlle. Althiiiigh he expected no sort of ru-
li'liiire, he resolved, like n prudent g«neral, lo preserve
whmdei as wnuhl enable him lo tkco altout In ease ol
.igninit any luddon attack of Ilia watch or of the
Onze-Biiigla. Accordingly ho drew up his brigade in
such a wuy, that, scuing it from above, you would have
sworn it the lloinan triangle of Ecnoinus, the boar's head
of Alo.xaiidnr, or the famous wedge of Guslavus AJol-
plius. The base of this triangle rested u|hiii tlio bottom
of the place so as to block ii|) the Hue da Parcis, one of
the sides looked upon tho Ilotol Uieu, tho other on the
Ituc Saint- i'icrre-aux-Iiieufs. Clopin Trouillolou was
placed at the apex with the duke of Egypt, our friend
.John, and the boldest of the vagabonds.' — Vol. iv. p. til.
An attack of this kind may seem improbable lo a
modern reader; but in point of fact such popular move-
ments were not even raro in the cities of the middle
ages. " Police," as we understand the term, did not
exist. Tho rights of feudality were inconsistent with
any coininon protection. There was no centre of force.
Tho ancient cities were simply a collection of seigneur-
ies ; tt thousand dilTcrcnt polices existed, which is as
n.ucli as to say, none wero cHeclivc. At I'uris, for in-
stance, independently of the one hundred and forty-one
seigneurs wiio pretended to manorial rights, tlieio were
twonty-fivo wlioclaimed as well the privilege of dispens-
ing justice. Of these the bishop of I'aris had five
streets, and the prior of Notre Dame dos Champs had
four. All these justiciars only recognised tho right uf
the king as suzerain nominally. Louis XI. Lommenced
the demolition of this absurd and inconsistent edifice of
feudal times, and Mirabeau completed it. There existed
a vast confusion of watches, under watches, and counter
watches, in defiance of which robbery and plunder were
carried on with open violence and by main force. It
was not unfrcqiient for a part of tho (lopulacc to make
a set at a particular palace, hotel, or mansion, in the
most frequented (|uarters of the city. The neighbours
took care not to interrero in the alfair unless the pillage
extended to their own property ; they shut their ears to
the firing, closed their shutters, barricaded their dwirs,
and let tho struggle take its course, with or without the
iiiterforcncn of the watch ; ami tiio next morning the
talk in I'aris would bo, Stephen Ihrbette was broken
open last night, or tho ftlarecliul do Clermont was
seized, (en. So that not only tlin royal habitations, the
(/onvre, the I'alace, the Histile, l.es Tournelles. but the
mern scignorial residoncos.thc I'etil Bourbon, the Hotel
do Sens, and tho llnlel d'.Xngouloiiie. had their battle-
nioiits and their walls, their pnrtirullis, and their gates.
The churches wore in general protected hy their sanc-
tity ; sonicof them. however, wero fortified. Theabbey ol
.Siiiit (icnnaiii lies I'res was built up like a baron, and it
was said that the abbit spent mure metal in balls than in
bells. Wo may now rcsunioour extract; —
" As soon as the first arrangements were terminated
(and wo ought to say, for the honour of the v.igabond
discipline, that the orders of Clopin wero executed in
silence and with admirable precision,) the worthy chiel
of the band mounted on the parapet of tho Parvis, and
raised his hoarse and husky voice, turning constantly
towards Notre Dame, and at the sanin time waving his
torch, the tlainesofwhidi wore somelimns nearly blown
out by the wind, at others nearly drowned in its own
smoke, now disclosed the reddened facade of the church,
and now leil it buried in darkness.
" ' To thee, Louis do Boaumont.^bishop of Paris, noun
so!lorto the court of parliament, I sjicak, I, Clopin TroU'
illeliiu, king of Thunes, grand cmisro, prince of slang
bishop of jesters! Our sislor, falsely condemned for
magic, has taknii shelter in thy eliurcli. Tlioii owest
her safeguard and nsyiiini. Now the court of parliament
wishes to lay hold of her again, and thou consentest
thereto, so that she would be taken and hung to-morrow
in the plai'c of the (Ji^ie, if (Jod and the vagalionds
wero not there In slop llioiii. Now we are come lo thee,
bishop. If thy cliiinh is snered, then is our sister also;
il'oiir sister is not sacred, then is not thy church. Here
then we are lo sniiiiiinn then lo surrender our cliild if
tlinii wishesl to save thy church, or wo will lake the
girl ourselves and pilhign the church. And this will lie
well. In teNlinioiiy I plant here my Imimer. (}od keep
thee in his guard, bishop of I'aris.'
"These words, wliirh unluckily (jiiasimodo could not
hear, were pronnuneed with a sort of wild and sombre
majesty. One of the vagabonds presented his banner to
Clopin, who plnntrd It solemnly between two (Hiving
stmies. It was a pileli-liirk, on the tcolli uf which hung
a hilgi' biineh of bleeding eurrlon.
"The King of 'I'hunes then turned iqion the wild
forms assenihled round him in the guise of an arinv, nnd
aller ri'garding their savage looks with ecmiplaeeney, he
gave the word of onset, the order lo elinrge — • to your
hiisincss, hlnekgiiarda,' waa the ery of Clopin do Trouil-
lolou.
'Thirty men sprung from the ranks, Itllows with iith-
Ktic limbs and the faces of blacksmiths, with iimllets in
their hands, clubs, pincers nnd burs of iron on their
shoulders. They made for the great gate of the church,
mounted the steps, and in an instant were crouched
down under the arch at work with their pincers and
levers. A crowd of the vagabonds followed to assist or
look on. The eleven steps of the portal were crowded.
However, the gates held firm. ' Uevil 1' said one, ' they
are hard and stilf;' ' they are old and their joints are of
horn,' said another. ' Courage, comrades,' replied Clo-
pin, ' I will H Mger my head against an old shoe, that you
will have opened the door, taken the girl, and stripped
the chief altar, before there is a beadle awake. Ilohl ! I
think the lock is picked.' Clopin was interrupted hy a
tremendous noi.se, which at this instant sounded behind
him. He turned round. An cnormovis beam had just
fallen from the skies; it had crushed almut a dozen of tho
vagabond army on the steps of the church, and rebounded
on the pavement with the noise of a piece of cannon,
breaking here and there a score or two of legs among
the beggars, who sprung oway in every dirccti<in. The
blacksmiths, although themselves protected by the depth
of the porch, abandoned the gates, and Clopin himself
retired to a respectful distance from the church. ' I
have had a nice escape.' cried John, ' I was in the
wind of it, by Jove, but I see Peter the butcher is but-
chcrcd.'
" It is impossible to describe tho fright which fell upon
tho inob with the fall of the beam. For some instants
they stovid motionless, staring in the nir, more confound-
ed than by the arrival of a thousand of the king's arch-
ers. ' Devil!' exclaimed the King of Egypt, 'this does
look like magic. It must surely be tlirrmoon that has
thrown us this faggot,' cried .\udiy.the.Rcd.' ' Why
then the moon is own sister to Notre Dame, the Virgin,
I think.' 'Thousand popes!' exclaimed Clopin, 'you
arc all a parcel of fiiols,' but he did not know how to ex-
plain the fall of the beam.
" Xolhing was visible on the fu(;ade, the light of the
lorches did not reach high enough to show any thing,
and all was silent except the groans of the wretches
who had been mangled on the steps. The King of
Thunes at hmgth fancied he had made a discovery.
' .Maw of God !' cried he, ' arc the canons defending
thcinsclves? if so, sack ! sack!' 'Sack! sack 1' repeated
the whole crew, and sack resounded in the coiiit, bawled
by hundreds of linsky voices, and a furious discimrge of
cross-bows and other missiles was let fly u|ion tho
la(,'ade.
" This thundering noise nt last awakened the people
of the neiglibourhood, and in sundry quarters might be
seen windows opening, and night-caps |iopped out, and
hands holding candles. ' I'iie at the windows,' roared
out Clopin. The windows were all shut in an instant,
and tho (toor citizens, who had scarcely had lime lo east
a hasty and frightened glance U|K)n the scene of flash
and tumuli, returned back to [icrspire in terror hy tho
sides of their wives; asking Ibeniselves if the devils
kept their sabbalh now in the Parvis, or wlielher there
was another attack of the Uurgundians as in 'Gl. Tho
men dreamed of robbery, the women of rape, ond all
trembled.
" ' Sdck ! sack !' repented the men of slang, but no
one made a step towords the cathedral, they looked at
the beam. The licam did not move, and the huihiing
preserved iU calm and lonely nir, hut something Imd
frozen the courage of the vagabond nrmv.
" ' To the work then, smitiis !' cried 'rrouillefou ; ' let
us force the door.' Not a soul moved. ' Here are fel-
lows,' said he, ' now, who are frightened out of their
lives hy a blm;k of wimd.' An ohi smith came lorward
and said, ' Caplain, il is not the block of wood that
frighlens us, the gate is nil lieslilehed with hnrs of
irmi, the pincers are of no use.' ' What want yon then
to knock il in f 'We wnnt a hatlcring ram.'' 'Hero
is one then,' said the King of Thunes, slnnding u|)oii
the lienin, ' the ennons themselves have sent you one.
Thnnk you, priestt,' said he, making a nioek (ibeisnneo
lo the eliureh. 'i'his brnvachi had llie <lesiied efVect;
the charm of the beam was hroken, and piesenlly it wna
picked up like a feather by llie vigorous arms of a
hundred of the vagabonds, and hurled with fury agninst
the diKir* which they had in vniii endeavoured to liiree.
The sight wns an extraordinary one, and in the dusky
and im|M'rfect light of the torches, the benni nnd i!°i«
supporters might hnve Im'i n Inkeii for nn immrnso
U'list with it« hundreds uf legs butting ngainst a giant of
stonr.
" The shock of the lientn resounded upon the hnlf-
mclallic door like a boll | It did not give way, but tho
'.iA
tl
■ y
i ;i;
,t
r4
Mir
414
FnENTlI MXr.'JATL'nE.
cliiireli trembled to its foimilalioiis, and in its very iii-
nennost cavernsi. Tlio same instant a shower of stones
beijan to dcseend. ' Hell and the devil 1' roared out
John, ' are the ton-era shaking tlieir hattlenienls npon
us?' Unt the inipnlse was on them; it was ileeided
that the bishop defended his eitadel, and the sie;;e was
conliinied with fury, in spite of the skulls that were
cracked in all directions. The stones descended one at
a time, but they came down pretty thick after each
other; the vai^abonds always p<Tceived two at a time,
one at their I'eet and the other on their heads. /Vlready
a larg(^ heap of killi^d and wounded were heaped on the
pavement; the assailants, however, were nothing daunt-
ed; the loner beam continued to be swuni; against the
pates, the stones to rain down, and the door to groan. "
l)f course the reader divines the source of this opposi-
tion. The workmen, who had Ix-en repairing the walls
of the soiithcrn tower during the day, hail lelt their ma-
terials behind, and tliiy consisted of innnense beams for
the roof, lead and stone. A sudden thought occurred to
Uuasimodo that they would make admirable means of
defenie. With a force which he alone could boast, he
lioisted the largest and longest beam to be found and
launched it fairly out of a small window upon the heads
of the vagabonds nt work on the steps. The enormous
beam in descending one hundred and sixty feet acquired
no small accelerated velocity, and hitting and bouinling
from pinnacle to corner and corner to wall as it fell, and
again rebounding on the pavement among the besiegers,
it seemed, to the eye of (.jnasimodo, like a hideous ser-
pent writhing and leaping upon its prey.
" Quasimodo saw the vagabonds scattered by the fall
of the beam, like ashes beliire the wind. He took ad-
vantage of this all'right, and whilst they lived n super-
stitions stare upon the block, fallen from the sky ns they
thought, tiuasimodo set to work in silence to heap to-
gether rubf)ish, stones, hewn ond utdiewn, even to the
sacks ol' tools Iwlonging to the masons, npon the edge of
the paraftet; so that as soon as they began to batter the
great gales, the haiUtorm of stoncbloeks comrneneed,
and the vagabonds to think the ehiirch was demolishing
itself upon their heads. If any eye conhl have seen
Quasimodo at his work, it wouhl have been a sight of
dread. lndepen<lcnlly of all the prfijeitiles be had aecu-
nndaled on tiiebahistradc, he had heaps of stones on the
platform itself; so that as soon as the blocks on the outer
edge were exhausted, he gathered from the heaps. He
then might be soen limcring and rising, dipping ami
plunging with an activity altogether inconceivable. His
great head, Uiore like that of a gnome than of a human
lieing, was to be seen inclining over the balustrade, Ihiii
a block would fall, then another enormous stone, thi ii
anolher. From lime to time he would follow n fnie
slon<' with his eye, and wiien it killed well lie grunled
' Imn!' " — p. T().
However, the vagabonds did not flinch. The thick
gales were trembling uiider the weight of the halterijig
engine, the paimels were cracking, the carving s|)rung
oH' in shivers, the hinges nt "id .ow jumped up from
the pivots, the Ijourds luynii to separate, anil Ihe timber
was ground to powder l«tween the elaspings and bind-
ings of iron; luckily lor Quasimodo tin re was more
iron than wood. lie perceived, howiver, that the door
could not hold long, an<l as his nnnnmiilion declined, he
bi'giin to despond. Ho'vever, another bright idea struck
him : the expi'riincnt ho hit U|M)n we shall descrihe in
Ihe author's words.
" At this moment of anguish he remarked n little
lower than the balustrade whence he crushcil Ihe men of
slang, two long spouts of slone, which disgorged inimi'-
dialely over Ihe great gates. The interior orilice of (he
gutters opined on the level of the platform. He ran to
fetch u liiggot from his bell-ringer's lodge, iiiid placing
it over the hole of the two B|«iuts he eoveriil it with n
inultltiide of laths and rolls of lend, annnnnition which
he had not yet resorl 'd to, .As soon ns all was arranged,
he set lire in the mass with his lantern.
" In this interval, the vagabonds, i-erceiving tho stones
had ceased to fall, no longer looked up, and the whole
eavaleadc, like a pack of hounds Ihiit have driven the
lionrto bay, now crowded ro\iiidtlie gates, whieli, I'longh
all Hhatlered by Ihe battering engine, were still standing.
They were nil in expeetalion of Ihe last grand blow, the
blow that was to send the whole in shivers. Marh was
Ktri\ingto get nearest to thediHir that be might be the first
to dart into this rich ri'servoir of tnasures that had liei'ii
neeunml.iting for three eenturies. They roared with
joy as they liamlieil about from one to nnotlier Ihe names
of* silver crosses eo|Mis of hroeadi', the gildi il inonimu'ntH,
tho magnilicenee of the choir, the da;,/.ling litcH, nnil
(ho clirialmasii's hparkUiig Wltii luichcs, tliu uantcra
brilliant with the sun, and nil the splendid solenuiities ot
chalices, chandeliers, pyxes, tabernacles, reliipiaries,
which embossed the altars with a crust of gold and dia-
monds. Assuredly, ut this moment of bliss, the canters
and winners, the liin|KT.4 and tremblers and tumblers,
tliiuight nmcli less of the rc.'^cuc of the Egyptian, tlian
they did of the pillage of Notre Uanic.
" .Ml of a sudden, while by a last cflbrt, they were
grouping thetnselves about the engine, liolding their
breath and still'ening their muscles as for a final stroke,
a howling, more hideous than that which Ibllowed the
tall of the beam arose in the middle of them all. Those
who were not yelling and yet alive, looked round. Two
streams of boiling lead were pouring Irom the top of the
building on the thickest part of the crowd. Tliis stormy
sea of men had sidisided under the boiling metal : on
the two iminta where it liad ehicHy fallen, two black and
smoking holes were made in the crowd, such as hot
water would cause in a drift of snow. The dying were
writhing in them, hall-ealeineil and roaring with pain.
.\ll about these jets of lead, Ihe shower had sprinkled
upon tho besiegers and entered into their skulls like
ramrods of llame. It was heavy fire, which riddled the
wretches with a thousand hailstones .The clamour was
horrific. The vagal)onds lied pell-mell, throwing the
beam u|>on the dead, Ihe bold and the timid together,
and the court w as cleared a second time. All eyes were
raised to the roof nf the chinch. They beheld a sight
of an extr.aordinary kind. From the top of the loftiest
gallery, above the central rose-window, huge llames,
crowned with sparkles of fire, mounted between the two
towers, the fury of which was increased by Ihe wind,
which every now and then carried off a tongue of flame
along with the smoke. Helow this fire, belov. the sombre
balustrade, two large spouts fashin)ied in the shape of
nionsters" jaws vomited Ibrlh without cessation a silver
shoHcr of burning rain. As they approached Ihe pave-
ment the streams scattered like water pouri'd through
the thousand holes nf the roseofa watering-pot. Above the
flainoB were Ihe two gigantic towers, the two fronts of
which visible, the one black the other red, nppeareil still
greater when viewed against Ihe sky. The nmnberless
sculptures of devils and dragons had an aspect of woe.
The unsettled brilliancy of the fire gave them the ap-
(learanee of life, 'i'he serpents seemeil to be laughing,
the water-spouts to he barking, the salamanders tj) be
pulfing Ihe fire, the griUlns to snee/.e in the smoke. And
amongst the monsters thus as it were awakened out if
their slumbers by the noi.se and confusion, there was one
in motion who was seen to pass from time to time in
front of Ihe fire like a bat before a candle." — p. ^.'t.
'A siloncn of terror fell upon tho army of Vagabonds,
during wliieb might bo heard tho cries of the canons
shut up in their cloister, incne uneasy than horses in a
s'ablo on fiie, together w ith the sloiilthy-opeiied noise
f windows, the bustle of tho inlorior of the houses, and
f thn Hotel Dim, tho wind in the llumn, tho last raltio
in t!iu throats ol Ihu dying, and the putlcringuf the lead-
rain on the pavemenl."
This forinidable mode of rosi»lnncn rcndurcd a conn,
cil of war neeossary, at which the vagabonds resolved
upon an escalade — it failed; tho prowess of Qiiasimudo
was again successful, ho shook the besiegers ofl'the lad-
er and hurled them Into the depths below. The con-
test was thus protracted till thn arrival of a very consi-
derable troop of gendarmoriu and archers, acting under
the ininiedial" orders of tho king. Tlie unlucky vaga-
bcinils well' utterly routed, and lil her driven from the
field or left upon it. 'I'hn description of the siego is
continiied at great length; ills utiorly impos>ibln for
us to carry on our report of it on the saino scale as the
preceding scenes, (he spirit and aninialinn of which
li.ivo induced lid to enter upon tho translaliun of some
considerable passages.
We arc (empti d to add another scene to (he foregning,
which has few eipials in any languiige. Fsmernlda having
been eondemniil, (juasimodo and Ihe priest witness the
execution from Ihe roof of .Notre. Maine. — I'.il.
' Outside the bnluslrade of the lower, precisely iiuiler
Ihe spot where the prii it had sloppi d, prejeetcd one
of those fanlastii illy c.irvid s|Kiuts of nlone, which jut
lilt along the siiles of (Jolhic edifices; nnd from a eie.
Mce of this gutter, two heiintifnl wallflowers in full
bloom, shaken, nnd ri iidered, as it were, li\ing by the
lire ith of the wind, were wiinlonly bowinif one to the
ithir. From iilofl above the towers, tlir towards Ihe
skv, was heard the chirping of little birds; but the
priest neither heard nor saw nny Ibinu of nil this. He
was ouo of tliosu iiivii fur wlioia there iitc no morn-
nigs, no birds, no flowers ; in that iinniense lioriini I
which opened so many aspects around him, his conldn'l
plation was concentrated on one single point. (Jajij l
inodo turned to ask him what ho had done wilh ilI
gipsy; but the Archdeacon seemed at that nioniciiito||>|
out of the world; he was visibly in one of those vioirai I
monienls of lilL', when the earth might have givfn na«|
under his feet, and he would not have felt it. Histi™!
invariably fixed on a certain spot, he remained silmt and I
niotiiinless, and this silence and this imniobility had il
something in them .so fearful, that the sava(ie rinwif
shuddered before, and dared not encoHnter lluai. ||,|
only followed (and this was still a mode of ipiesliiijij,|,|
the archdeacon) the direction of his looks; and in ||,|,|
manner the eye of the unhappy deaf man fell on ||ie|
plticc lie la Uriiie. He thus lieheUl what the priest wi||
looking npon. The ladder was raised near the stiljuu,,!
gibbet; there was an attendance of the populnrc iiilii(|
square, and a great nunihcr of soldiers. A nmi «ul
dragging along the pavement something white, to\vlii,lil
something black was clinging. This man slciiipcd ^ I
the foot of Ihe gibbet; here something passed llij|l
(Quasimodo could not see clearly, not that his 81ii(t|c m\
had lo.-t its keenncHs of sight, but there was a kniitoi'l
soldiers that prevented him from di.^tinguishillg every I
thing. Desides, nt that inuinent the sun sliniic liirtli anil I
sii 'Il a flood of light burst niMive the horiznn, thai ill
seemed ns if all the points of nil the buildings in fans,!
steeples, chimneys, and gable tops, had taken ilrciil mice, I
" Aleanwhile, the m.in set about mounting the ladder;!
Quasimodo then saw him again distinctly — he carriiilif
woman on his shoulder, a young girl dressed hi while:!
this young girl had a halter alsiul her neck. Quasiincdo I
recognised her ; it was herself. The man arrived at ikel
top of the ladder, and arranged the knot of the lialiet.f
Here the priest, in order to see better, pineed himself I
on his knees, on the balustrade. On a sudden, lliciniinl
ahruplly pushed away the ladder with his font, aiidl
Quasimodo, who for some meinents past had niililraiml
a breath, saw the unfortunate girl dangle at the end of I
a rope, two liithoms above the pavement, with the nun [
crouehing down upon her, his feet on her sliiiuliltml
The cord twisted lound several limes, nnd (iiiasiiiioilo I
beheld horrible convulsions all down the gipsy iiirlil
body. The priest, on his pari, with outslrctelieil iieek,!
and eyes starting from their sockets, watched the frijiii. I
fill group of the man nnd the girl— of the spider unutlwl
lly. At the moment when Ihe wlioli; was most ilnaill'iill
to behold, a demon's laugh, such a laugh asennonljl
eiime from one who has ceased to 1hi a iniiii, biirsi lorlil
on his livid face, (jiinsimodo did not hear this \;.ai\\
hut he saw it. The ringer drew back a few steps liehiiidl
the archdeacon, and suddenly rushing with liny ujioa I
him, with his (wo huge hands he pushed him inlu tlicl
abyss over which he was leaning.
" Till priest cried out ' damnation T nnd fell.
" The spout benentli liim.slopped him in lnH({ill;inilit.|
pernlion, he clung to it wilii his hand.i, and jus: as he I
opened his mouth to utter a second cry, he saw the fearful I
and avenging figure of (Juasiinndo pass on the brink ol Hit I
balustrade above his head; seeing this he remained »!■[
lent. The nbyss was benenth him ; a fnll of inure tlitn|
l\Mi linnihed feet, nnd the pnvciiienl. In this trrnblel
situation the archdeacon said not a word, gave nntil
groin; h" only wridied on (he s(Mint, «i(h sll^|l^l^illJl
efi'ni(s (0 raise hiiuHcIf up, bill his hands had no hold ill
Ihe L'ranite, bis feet scratched against the lilncKi aid will, [
without making "jooil tin ir fooling. Those pirsuriimlnl
have nscerided li.e towers of .Notre Dnriii, are iniirtl
dial there is a projerlion of the wall iiiniicdinlrly "H-l
derneath the bahislrnde ; it was on the inward iiielini.r
lion of this projection, that (he wrc(ched ariliili'irrtl
exhiiiisted himself. He had not (o dn wi(h a |ier|M'iidicUiirl
wall, but with a wall that rieedcd from him.
"Qiiasimodowould nnly have bnd to strcteli furwiird In I
hand to save him from the precipice; lint (jiiii<iiiM«|
did not cM'ii look n( him, he looked al In f.'nrf— ktl
looked al the gibls'l — he looked at the gijwy ^iil. IIkI
lie if ringer hail pliieid bis elbows on the lialiislriile ill
Ihe spot where (he arehdeneon lind nlood the iimnifiilj
before; nnd there, not lifting his eye frnm the onlfl
object he had any eonscionsness of', he rciiiniiiiil iiiu''|
mil mntioiiless, as if tlmnderhtiuek, nnd a leiig Inrrenll
of tears fell silenlly from llint eye, wheiiie, till ihrii.tat I
one siiiiile (ear had ever flowed. The iirrhdean* I
panted. Ins Imhl liirehead streanicd with pi rs|iir«lii«. I
ills nails bled npon the stone, his knees «ere (IikJi
biire ag.iinst (he wall ; he i oidil bear his raumfk, «W j
had eiiughl lo the spout, crackle and give way «l r«w I
iihoek he ijave. To crown all, (bis s|Miiit wa" trruiiiuHJ I
by a leaden pi|H', whitli Unt undiir liiu weight ol i* [
'■■».
■ >'.
MTMIoms or Dll. Bl RNEY.
415
im
■li.ir. and hf li It it slowly yii'ldiiifr to lii« woislil. 'i'lu
I'lrluniili' iiuiii conlil nut but he ciTtiiiii lliiit wlirii liis
K"]^ HMiilil !«' broUi'ii willi fatigue, liis cassock corii-
l'i|,|vlnni, 1111(1 the lead bent down, be niiiHt lUll, and
Irrorrliilleil liini to tlie beart. Sonii!titnea lie east bis eyes
I lijlv ,i|)un a sort of platform, nia<lo by llic seulplnre,
iiiii If" feet lower down, and from llie depth of bis
MniM'il smil, be demanded of beaveii that be niiirbl
r'jiilp.rcil I" linish his life, were it to last a hninlred
L ir< 1111 I'll'' space of two feet square. Once be looked
tii'iipiiii the a!)v«s beneath him ; when he raised bis
toll, lii» i-'yo^ ^^''' closed, and his liair stood bristling
'Tliorc was sornctbinfr awful in tbo silence of these
liroiiiin. (Jnasiniodo continued vveepinfr and lookinir
lloBjnls /« driee, while a fi^w feet under him, the areh-
iluooii wiis ill Ibis frightful state of ngony. Finding
nlnl all iii* eftnrls diil nothing 1ml weaken the frail siip-
Lftivhicli remained for him, be hud made up bis mind
slriiirel'' II" "lore. There ho was, clinging to the
mill, si'iirrelv drawing his hn^illi, not stirring, not inov-
il,T, lull with that mechanical convulsion of the body
|iln'i!i «'(■ Hel in a dream, when wc think we arc falling ;
Ijvi'd I yes opened wide, with a diseased, a terrilied
fciiri'. liillie by lillle, meanwhile, he was losing ground ;
■lis liiii'iTs slipped upon the stone ; be felt mere and more
IliMvi'ikiiess of bis arms and the weight of his body; the
UiiiliiiL' 111' 111'' '"'"' '''"'• supported him inclined every
kiinrmiit still further in the direction of (be abyss beneath
Lii: IkmoiiIiI see, and a (earful sight it was for him,
■In niof ol'.Viiin! Jean Ic Rund, as small as a card bent
inino. lie looked upon the motionless statues of the
nur ono .ifter the other, all suspended, like him, over
Ilie vanning depth, hut without fear for Iheniselves or
Vii- tiir liiiii. Kvery thing was of stone around him ;
hlWr his eyes the gaping monsters, beneath, at the fool
liflhi' eiilliedral, the pavement; above \\U head, the
.iv|mil ligiire of tluiisimodo. In the close, stood a few
Lrniijis of idlers, who were coolly trying to guess wbiil
Iniiliinn loiilil be amusing himself in so strange a miin-
lur. Till! priest heard tliem say, for their voices came
Jinl.nr mill sb.irp to his ear, "Why, be must break
linmcli." I'o.iniing ilia eomplele de.iriiini of terror,
, al linttli beeaiiie ecinseions that all was iisele
i.nrlli'li'ss, bo eiitbered togelber whalever sirenglli
„,., slill iiMsler of, for a last elVort. lie slilliiied hiiii-
Lli'iijvm llie spoilt, pushed against the wall with liii
,jikiiii'«, llislened linlli bis lianils in a slit of the stone
ind iviK just OM the point of getting a bold for one loot
Jshiullii' i-triiL'gle he was making e.inseil the endoflhi
■ml n jiipi' be was supported by, to bend abrnplly clown,
lull uilli llie same motion his cassock was rip|H'd up.
iiilini;, llienlbrc every thing give way under liini, and
Juviiij 111) longer a hold but by his two slilVined ami fail-
In;' liiiuls, tlie wrelched man shut his eyes, and let go
Eli< «|iniil. III! fell !— Quasimodo looked at him as he
Till lalliii;.'.
•AOII I'lnin so great a helghl is seldom per|x'ndieiilar;
■if lir.t laiiiulied into the air, his lieiiil was imdermosi,
■nl Ills bands were stretched tortli ; be nOi rwaids,
yiriiMl several limes round, and, finally, the wind drove
I "II I he roof of a house; here began Ihc fraeliiring
«' ilii' uiiliirliinale priest's liody, but be was not dead
jlii-n 111' liinileil lliere. The ringer beheld him still Iry-
lnjlrtilnlili the roping with his nails, but the plane
< iiK) iiiiuli ini'lineil, and be had no streiiglh IcO ;
>liil ra|iiillv iiloiig the sbrlvini; roof, like a lnoseiied
lilr, mil till wllli a bound upon Uic pavement. There
^^llmd no inorc."
Tin: ui.At'K VKi.vi:!' nxu.
iiY MISS Mirloiin.
jir liny of my li'inlersever linind great ronvenienie
Ititlir liis^, llio real loss, of actual tangiblo nroperti,
■ndlii'i'ii I'ViTi diimlv provoked and ai.iioyrd wlieii suili
tii|<ilv was resliiied lo ibem ' If so, they can Nympn-
iKwiihn liile ui.tiirtiinale recovery, wbieli has hrniigbl
«li L'rril sbaine and disgrai'O. Tlieri^ is no way ol
|niil«iiiini my calamity but by lolling the whole slorv.
l.Kl I inlay liirlnlgbt was one of thosu nnomalins in
Bi'ii'lirr nub wliieb wo F!ngllsh peopin are visited lor
>iiis II ilay of intolcrnble wind, and liinupporlnble
Bii>l; an cipiinoetial gale out of Mvison; a piece of
plirili annalnnilly foisled iiilo (ho very beart of .May ;
[ii'lai, III llie aliiiost parallnl imK.arraiigemuiil of (he
KhiiIikIi niuiiliiiH, uno Hoei* (|Hirliapi) out of complnnoiit
lolliK (K'niliarily of eliinale, (o keep I he weather in
Fi'inili-imnio as it were) a bit of Willshiro |ilnmpeil
»'«n ill llio very iniddlo of Herksliirn, whilst n greal
bluJof llio cgiinty pnlatino uf Durlmiii liyurti in tlio
crtru of canny Northumberland. He this as it may,
on that remarkably windy day did I set forth to the
aood town of 11., on' the feminine errand called shopping.
Kvery lady who lives far in the country, and seldom
visits greiii towns, will understand the full force of that
comprehensive word ; and I bad not been shopping (or a
long lime: I bad a dread of the operation, arising from
a eonscioii!!|iess of weakness. I am a true daughter of
I'AC, a dear lover of bargains and bright colours; and
knowing this, have generally been wise enough to keep,
as nuieli as I can, out of tiic way of templation. At
last a sort of necessity arose for some slight pureliases,
in (ho shape of two new gowns from I.oiidon, which
cried aloud for making. Trimmings, ribands, sewing
silk, and lining, all were called for. The shopping was
inevitable, and I undertook the whole concern at once,
mo.st heroically resolving to spend just so much, and no
more; and half comforting myself that I bad a full
morning's work of indispensable business, and should
have no time for extraneous extravagance.
There was, to be sure, a prodigious accumulation of
errands and wants. Tbo evening before, tlioy had been
set down in great form, on a slip of paper, headed thus
—"things wanted." — To how many anil various cata-
logues that liile would apply, from the red bunch of the
peer, to the oaken selllo of the cottager — from him who
wants a blue riband, lo liiin who wants bread and
cheese! Sly list was aslnnnding. It was written in
double eolunms, in an invisible hand ; the long inlracl-
iihle words wore brought into the ranks by the I'ro-
erii.-itos mode — abbrevialion ; and, us wo approached the
bottom, two or three werecramtned into one lot, clumped,
as the beansetlcrH suy,and designated by a sort of short
band, a hieroglyphie of my own invention. In good
open printing, niy list would have cut a respectable
(iguro us a catalogue loo; for, as I had a given sum
lo carry to markel, I amused myself with culcula-
liiig the proper and probable cost of every article ; in
which process I most egrcgiously cheated the shop-
keeper and myself, by copying, with Ihe credulity of
hope, from the pull's in newspaiiors, and c.xpccling lo
buy fine solid wearable goods al udvcrlising prices, hi
Ibis way I sin lelieil my money a great deal farther
(ban it would go, and swelled my catalogue; so that,
al last in sjiile of eompressioii and shorlhaiid, I had no
room for anolber word, and was obliged to crowd seve-
ral small but important articles, such as cotton, laces,
pins, needk's, shoe-strings, &0. into that very irregular
and disiiiderly stoiebousu — that place ivlieru most tilings
deposiled are lobt — vii/ mimuri/, by courtesy so called.
Tbo written list was salcly consigned, with a well
filled purse, lo my usual reposilory, a black velvet bag;
and, the mxl morning, 1 and my bag, with its nicely
balanced eoiitenls of wants and money, were safely con-
veyed in a little o|miii carriage to the good town of li.
Thcru I disniounled, and began to bargain must vigor-
ously, visiting Ihe cheapest shops, cbeujioning the cbea|i-
esl ailieles, yel wisely buying ibo strongi'sl and the
best ; a liltlu astonished ul lirst, lo find evory thing so
mueli dearer than 1 had sot it down, yel soon recoiicilod
to this misfortune by Iho magical inlluuucc which shop-
ping possesses over a woman's fancy — all tbo sooner
reconciled, us the monitory list lii^ nulooked ul, und iiii-
Iboiighl of, in ils grave receplaele, lliii black vclvul bag.
On 1 went, with an air of <liecrl'ul business, of happy
iniporlaiiee, till my niuuey began to wa.\ small, l.'er-
lain Hiniill aberrallons had oei'urred,too, in my economy.
One urlnle that liiiil happened, by rare accident, to be
below my ealeulalioii, and, indeed, below any calciilu-
lioii, calico ul niiiepoiiee, line, thick, strung, wide calico,
at iiinepi'uce,(did ever inun hear of any thing so cheap.')
ab.solulely eneliaiiled me, and I took lliu whole piece :
then after biiyinu liir M. a gown, uccording (o order, I
suw one that I liked Isller, and bought tlial loo. 'I'lii ii
I liill in love, was uelually captivaled by a sky bliii^
sash und hanilkuridiieli — not Ihe (Hiiir, lliiii, greeny eo-
loui which usually passes under (hut dishonoured name,
but (be neb lull tint of the noon. day sky : anil a ei<p-
ribiind, nally pink,lliiil iniglil buvu vied with (ho inside
iKuvesofa moss-rose, Then, in himlingader chonpness,
I got mill obseiiro shops, where, not linding »hul I
asked for, I was liiin (o (ako somelbing (but lliey hud,
purely to make a proper eompniiHation liir the trouble ol
lu|[giiig out drawers, und unawciing i|iiestious. I.uslly,
I WUH liiirly eoiixod into some articles bv tbo irrosiHli-
bilily oClliu Hellers, — by (lin demure and (riilh lelhiig
liKik of a pretty ijuaker, who could almost have |HUsuad.
ed the head oil' (iiie'ii slioiildors, und who did persuade
■no (hut ell-wide inusliu woiilil go us liir us yard and a
huU'i und by tlio lluoni iin)mUoiico of b lying iiliu|iiiiaiii
who under cover of a well darkened window, atfirmcd,
on his honour, thai bis brown sa(in was a perfect mutch
lo my green paKerii, and forced the said suliii down my
throat accordingly. With these helps, my money melted
all lool'asl: al half past live my purse was entirely
empty ; and, as shopping with an empty purse has by
no means the relish and savour of shopping with a full
one, 1 was <iuile willing and ready lo go home to dinner,
pleased us a child with my purchases, and wholly un-
suspecling the sins of omission, the erranils unper-
(brnied, which were (he nn(ural rcsnitof my unconsultcd
memmunda anil my Ireucberons memory.
Home I returned, a happy and proud woman, wise in
my own conceit, a thrifly fashion-monger, laden, like a
pedler, with huge packages in stout brown holland, lied
lip with whipcord, und genteel little parcels, pu|)crcd and
packthreaded in shopniaiilike style. Al last wc were
safely B(owed in (he pony-chaise, which bud much ado to
bold us, my little black bag lying, as usual, in my lup;
when, as wc ascended the stiep bill out of 11., a sudden
puff of wind look nl once my cottage. bonnet and my
large cloak, blew the bonnet off my head, so thai it hung
behind me, suspended by the riband, and fairly snapped
the string of the cloak, which flew away, much in tho
slyle of John Gilpin's, renowned in story. My cnm]ianion
pitying my plight, everted himself manfully to regain llio
fly-away giirincnt.s, shoved the bend into the bonnet, or
the bonnet over the head (I do not know which phrase
best describes the niana'uvre,) with one hand, and re-
covered the refractory cloak wilh the other. This last
c.vploil was certainly the most ditlicult. It is wonderful
what a tug he was forced ti give, IwCoro that obstinate
cloak could be brought ronml : it was swelled wilh the
wind like a bladder, animated, so to say, like a living
thing, and Ihrcntened lo curry pony and chaise, and
riili rs, and packages, backward down the hill, as if it
lad been a sail, and we u ship. At last the conluniacioun
garment was mastered. We righted ; and, by dint of
silling sideways, und turning my back on my kind com-
rade, I got lioine without any tardier duniagc tiinn llio
loss of my bag, which, Ibougli not missed before the
chaise had been unladen, had undunbledly gone by tho
board in the gab;; and 1 Inmenlcd my old and trusty com-
panion, wilhout in the least foreseeing the use it would
probably be of to my repiilation.
linniedialely ufler dinner (liir in all cnscs, even when
one has bargains to show, dinner must lie discussed) I
produced my purchases. They were miieli admired ; and
the ((iiantity, when spread out in our little room, being
iiltogcdier (hi/.zling, and the (|uuli(y sa(isfae(ory, tho
ebcapness was never doub'ed. lOvery body thought the
bargains were e.vaclly such as I meant to get — for no-
body calculated; und the bills being reully lost in (ho lost
bag, und the parlieular prices just as much lost in my
memory (the ninepenny calico was the only article whose
cost occurred to me,) I passed, without telling uny thing
like u (lb, merely by a di.sereet silence, lor the best and
lliril\iesl liargainer tbatever wentshopping. After somo
time spent very pleasantly, in admiration on one side,
and display on tbt^ other, we were interrupted by the do-
imind for some of the little articles which 1 had iorgotlcn.
" The sewing-silk, please ma'am, for my mistress's
gown." " .Sewiiig-silkl I don't know — look uboiit." Ah,
she might look long enough I no sewing-silk wan there.
" S'ery strange !" — I'resenlly came other enipiirics —
" Where's (he tape, Mary/" — " 'J'he la|ic!" — " Yes, my
dear ; iiiid the needles, pills, cotinn, stay-laces, Iwmt luces;"
"(he bobbin, (he ferref, sbirt-biiKons, shoc-slringB?" —
ipiiilh she of the sewing-silk. Inking up (be cry; and
Ibrtbwilli begun a search as biislling, us nrlivr, and os
vain, as thai of our old spaniel, llriish, nftcr a hare (hat
has stolen away from her fiirin. At hist she suddenly
desist! d ('roll! her ruminage — " Wilhout doubt, mn'ain,
they are in the reticule, und ull lost," suid she, in a very
piidielie (one. " Keully," cried 1, u li((le eonseienro-
slricken, "I don'l reeolleet ; inrbaps I might (brgel."
" Depend on i(, my love, (ha( Ilarrie('s rigid," in(rrrn|i(ed
one whose iii(erniplions are always kind; " (hose are just
Ihe li((lc arlieles (ba( people pu( in retioulci, and you
never could forge( so many (iiings; iHsiden you wrote
Iheiii down." " 1 don't know — I uni not sure" — Itnl I
was not lisleniil to; Harriet's ronjeeiiire had hern metn-
niorpbosed iiitou ecrtninly ; all my sins of omission were
slowed in (he redeule; and before bed-(inie, (be liHlo
black bag held fiirgnllen (Iiings enough to fill a suck.
iN'ever was relieule so Inmenlcd by nil but i(R owner;
n boy WUH iminediulelv despnlebeil (o liMik for it, and on
his redirning einjily-linndi«l, there wns even a tnik of
having it cried. My enre, on the oUier bnnd, wnn nil Hi-
reeled lo prevent its heini; (iiinid. 1 had had (he good
luck tu luso it in a luburb of U, reiiowiicU fur filcliinff,
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MADKlIOISFfiLE TIIERESE.
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and 1 rouiLiiibcrcd tluit tlic stnet was, at that iiioincnt,
full of people : tlio ha^ (lid acliially eontaiii more than
enoufrli to te]ii|>t those who wore naturally disposed to
Bteal lor stealiiiii's siUe ; so I went to bed in the com-
fortable assnranee that it was yone liir ever. But there
is nothiii'j eertiin in this world — not even a thief's dis-
honesly. Two old women who had pouneed at once on
my valuable properly, quarrelled about the ])lunder, and
one of them, in a lit of resentment at heincf cheated in her
ehare, went to the mayor of H. and informed against her
companion. The mayor, an intellifrent and active magis-
trate, immediately tooU the disputed baif, and ull its con-
tents, into his own possession ; and as he is also a man of
great politeness, he restored it as soon as possible to the
right owner. The very first thinij that saluted my eyes,
when I awoke in the morninj;, was a note from Mr.
Mayor, with a scaled packet. The fatal truth was visible ;
1 had recovered my reticule, and lost my reputation.
There it lay, that identical black bapf, with it,s name-
tickets, its cambric handkerchief, its empty purse, its un-
consultcd list, its thirteen bills, and its two letters ; one
from a good sort of lady-farmer, emiuirinif Iho character
of a cook, with half a .sonnet written on the blank pages ;
the other from a literary friend, containinsr a critique on
the plot of a play, adviFini; me not to kill the king too
soon, with other good counsel, such as might, if our
mayor had not been a man of sagacity, have sent a poor
aulhorcs!), in a Madenioiselle-Seuderi-mistakc tu the
tower. That catastrophe would hardly liave been worse
than the real one. All my omissions have been found
out. My price list has been compared with the bills. I
have fc)rfeited my credit for bargaining. 1 am bcco'nea
by.word for forgetting. Nobody trusts mo to purchase a
paper of pins, or to remember the cost of a penny riband.
I am a lost woman. My bag is come back, but my fame
is gone.
M VUE.lIOISIJLl.E TUERESE.
UV TMK SVME.
One of the prettiest dwellings in onr neighbourhood,
is the Lime Collago at Builey-llalcli. It consists of a
small low-browed habitation, so entirely covered willi
jessamine, hoiicy-suekle, p issiou-llowers, and china roses,
as to resemble a bower, and is pbieed in the centre of a largo
garden, — turf and riowcrs before, vegetables and fruit trees
behind, backed by a superb orchard, ami surrounded by
n quicksi'l hedge, so thick, and close, and regular, as to
form an impregnable deloncc lo tlio territory which it
encloses — a thorny raiiipirt, a living and growing
rhtriiut.itr-l'ihe. On either side of llie neat gravel walk,
whic!) leads from the ouli'r gate to the door of the cot-
tage, stand the large and beautiful trees to which it owes
its name ; spreading their strong, broad shadow over the
turf beneath, and sending, on a suunncr alU'rnoon, their
rich, spicy, fragrance half across the irregular village
green, dappled with wood and water, and gay with
Khcep, cattle, and children, which divides theju, at the
diat mce of a quarter of a mile, from the little hamlet of
Burlcy, its venerable church and handsome rectory, and
its short straggling street of cottages and country shops.
Such is the habitation of Thercso do (J., anemigrcc of
distinction, whose aunt having married an 10ngl..,li olfieer,
was luckily able to aft'ord her niece an asylum during
the horrors of the revolution, and to secure to her u small
annuity, and the Lime IJottago after her death. There
she has lived for these livcand-thirty years, gradually
losing siijht of her few and dislaiil foreign connoctions,
and finding all her hapoincss in her pleasant home and
her kind neighbours — a standing lesson of cheorlulncss
and contenlnicnt,
A very popular {icrson is Mademoiscllo Thcrcse — popu-
lar both with high and low ; foi the ])rejudico which
the coimtry |)oople almost nnivereally entertain against
foreigners, vanished dir< rlly before the charm of' her
manners, the gaiety of her iieart, and the sunshine of a
temper that never knows a cloud. She is so kinil to
them too, HO liberal of the produce of hor orchard and
garden, so llill of resource in their dilHeulties, and so
Burc to afford sympathy if she have nothing I'lse to give,
that the poor all idolise .Mademoiselle. Among the
rich, she is equally beloved. No party is conqdete
without the pleasant Frenchwoman, whose amenity and
chi'orfulnoss, her (Krliet general politeness, her attention
to the old, the poor, the stupid, ami the neglected, are
felt to be invaluable in soeicly. Her conversation is not
very |>owerful either, nor very brilliant ; she never says
any thing remarkable — but then it is so good-naliired,
BO genuine, so unpretending, so constantly iqi and alive,
that onn would li'cl its abHene<' fur more than thai of a
more showy nnd ambitious talker ; to sny nothing of the
charm which it derives from her language, which is al-
ternately the most graceful and purest French, and the
most diverting and absurd broken Knglish ; — a dialect
in which, whilst contriving to make herself perfectly
anilerstood both by gentle and simple, she does also con-
Irive, in the course of an hour, to commit more blunders,
than all the other foreigners in England make iu a
month.
ller appearance betrays hei country almost as much
as her speech. .She is a French-looking little personage,
with a slight, active figure, exceedingly nimble and alert
in every movement ; a round and darkly-complexioncd
face, somewhat faded and pnnsee, but still striking from
the laughing eyes, the bland and brillant smile, and the
irroat mobility of expression. Her features, pretty as
they arc, «anttlie repose of an English countenance;
and her air, gesture, and dress, are decidedly foreign, all
alike deficient in the English charm of quietness. Ne-
vertheless, in hor youth she must have been pretty ; so
)retty that some of our young ladies, scandalised at the
idea of finding their favourite an old maid, have invented
sundry legends to excuse the solecism, and talk of duels
fought /lo/ir Vamour lie ses beiinx yeux,anA of a betrothed
lover guillotined in the revolution. And the thing may
have been so ; although one meets every where with old
mai<ls who have been pretty, and whose lovers have not
been guillotined ; and although Mademoiselle Thcrcse has
not, lo do her justice, the least in the world the air of a
heroine crossed in love. The thing may be so ; but I
doubt it much. I rather suspect our lair demoiselle of
having been in her youth a little of a flirt. Even during
her residence at Iturloy-Hatch, hath not she indulged in
divers very distant, very discreet, very decorous, but still
very evident fiirtations .' Did not Dr. Abdy, the portly,
ruddy schoolmaster of U., dangle ai^er her for three
mortal years, holidays excepted ? And did she not refuse
him at last ? And Mr. Foreclose, the thin, withered,
wrinkled, city solicitor, a man, so to say, smoke-dried,
who comes down every year to Hurley for the air, did
not I.e do suit and service to her during four long vaca-
tii,ns,with the same ill success. Was not Sir Thomas him-
self a little smitten ? Nay, even now, deos not the good
major, a halting veteran of seventy — but really it is too
bad to tell tales out of the parish — all that is certain is, that
-Madenioiselle Thercso might have changed her name
long before now, had she so chosen; and that it is most
probable that she will never change it at all.
Hi r household consists of her little maid Betsy, a
cherry-cheeked, blue-eyed country lass, broughtnp by her-
sell", who with a full clumsy figure, and a fair, innocent,
unmeaning countenance, copies, as closely as these ob-
stacles will permit, the looks and gestures of her alert
and vivacious mistress, and has even caught her broken
I'nglish ; — of a fat lap dog, called Fido, silky, sleepy, and
sedate ; — and of a beautiful white Spanish ass, called
I)onnal)elIa, an animal docile and spirited, far beyond
the generality of that despised race, wdio draws her little
donkey-chaise half the country over, runs to lier the
moment she sees her, and eats roses, bread and apples
from her hand ; but who, accustomed to l)e fed and
gronmi il, harnoiisod and driven only by females, resists
and rein 's Ihe moment she is approached by the rougher
sex ; has overturned more boys, and kicked more men.
than any donkey in the kingdom; and has acquired such
a character for restiveness ainong the grooms in the
neighbourhood, that when Mademoiselle ThiTcse goes
out to dimier, Betsy is lain to go with her to drive Don-
nabella home again, and to return to fetch her niislress
in the evening.
If every body is delighted to receive this most welcome
visiter, so is every body delighted to accept her graceful
invitations, and meet to eat strawberries nt Burley Hatch.
Oh, how pleasant are flume summer afternoons, sitting
undcT the blossomed lijues, with the sun shedding a
goMen light through the broad lirancheR, the bees nmr
inuring over head, roses and lilies all about us, and
the choicest fruit served up in wicker baskets of lier
own making — itself a picture 1 the guests looking so
phased and happy, and the kind hostess the gayest and
happiest of all. Those are pleasant meetings; nor are
her little winter parties less agreeable, when, two or three
female frieiuls aHsembh d round their coflee, she will fell
thrilling stories of tliat terrible revolution, ho fertile in
great crimes end great virtues; or g.: , " anecdotes oi
the brilliant days preceding that eonvuinon, the days
whic 11 Madame do (Jcnlis has descrilicd so well, when
i'aris was the capital of pleasure, and amusement the
business of life; illuslraling her descriptions by a series
of spirited drawings of costumes and characlers done by
herself, and always finishing by producing a group of
Louis Scite, Mnric Antoinette, the Dauphin aiid Madomr
Elizabeth, as she had last seen them at Versailles— ti,l
only recollection that ever brings tears into her eiiiilinil
eyes.
iMademoiselle Thcrese's loyalty to the Bourlwus ita l
in truth a very real feeling. Her family had hocn aUitl
the court, and she had imbibed nn enthusiasm for li,.!
royal sufferers natural to a young and a warm licarul
she loved the Bourbons, and hated Napoleon wiili 1,^.1
ardour. All her other French feelings had for soniel
time been a little modified. She was not quite so surti
as she had been, that France was the only country, and I
Paris the only city of the world ; that Shakspcare was,!
barbarian and Milton no poet; that the perfume «
English lime.s, was nothing compared to French orari'tf
trees; that the sun never shone in England; and (|,ji|
sea-coal fires were bad tliing,». She still, indeed, uouijl
occasionally make these assertions, especially if damllol
1 ike them; but her faith in them was shaken. Her I
loyalty to her legitimate king, was, however, as stronj I
as ever, and that loyalty had nearly cost us our deil
Mademoi.scllc. After the restoration, she hastened u I
fast as a steam-boat and diligence could carry her to I
enjoy the delight of seeing once more the Bourbons ii I
the Tuillcries ; took leave, between smiles and tears ifl
her friends, and of Burley Hatch, carrying withlifrif
branch o*' the lime tree, then in blossom, and comiiiis.|
sioning iier old lover, Mr. Foreclose, to dispose of ti:?L
cottage: but in less than three months, luckily before Jlr.l
Foreclose had found a purchaser, Mademoiselle Thercsel
came home again. She complained of nobody ; bat timii
were altered. The house in which she was born wiil
pulled down; her friends were scattered; her kindred I
dead; madamo did not remember her (she bad pr".
bably never lioard of her in her life;) the kinj did I
not know her again (poor man ! he had not seen li'r St I
these thirty years;) Paris was a new city ; Ihe French I
were a new people; she missed the sea-coal fires; and I
for the stunted orange frees at the Tuillcries, wluil
were they compared with the blossomed limes ol'Bu'lcvl
Hatch !
LETTERS FROM THE NORTH OF EL'UOPE
BV CIIAKLE3 BOILF.AU EIXIOTT, ESQ.
From the London New Monthly Magazine,
One striking evidence of the rapid progress wear- j
making in civilisation is the constant and increarinel
demand for travels nnd voyages. We are no !jiii;.r|
contented to live within ourselves. The whole world iil
onr theatre. We explore all its regions; nor istlicroil
spot visited by the sun that is wholly unknown lo w.
Our enterprising countrymen go forth to eollrtl llmr
intellectual treasures, and return homo to enrich us\v;iti|
their stores. Every month adds something valiiahlclo[
the general stock. We enjoy the benefit willioul enl
countering the peril. We sympathise with dani;er,l
while we feel that it is past, and luxuriate in pleasuriblel
emotions, while our hearts thrill with the interest «lii[li|
the daring adventurer has thrown round himself, Tliiil
s|Kcies of writing has also a charm for every leadnf
The man of science ond the rustic, the scholar and 1,'iel
mechanic, sit down with equal zest to participate in thtl
mental least ; and thus knowledge is widely dilTuscd-l
knowledge which invigorates the inward inan,enlarpin5|
his capacity, and extending the sphere of his eiijoyincnul
and which pn^parcs a whole nation for liberal iiistituliom,!
which invests them with political and coniincrcinl in: j
portanee, and thus raises tlicm in the scale of nation!.!
'i'ho Ruecess of works of this description sliiiiiilalnl
< nferprise, and opens the largest fielii for llic usu'iill
onqiloymont of energies wliich might olherwiw b.|
wasted.
Mr. Elliott jnstly ranks among the most eiiliplitnifdl
nnd intelligcnfofhis class. His unpretending vulniiirdi).|
covers an enthusiastic love of nature, and the most likrall
views of man in all his diversifieil condilii n«. WC
scarcely ever read a work in which there is solinloinl
censure and so much to approve. Unlike ninny of hii|
hr-'thren, ho is a gimd writer ; his style is pure mid rfe)
sienl. He is likewise a philosopher and a ("hrislian. Vol
first becnnie his willing associates, and our intirirarMl
soim ripens into friendship. Wo close the lioiik willi rtT
luclance, and take leave of liim with a sigh of rr);ril.l
The above inforesling work will appear in lhcn(it|
number of Iho "Library."
END or THE FIRST VOUME.
Iirm at Vcrsaillcs-ij ,
1 tears into licr siiii!i„,l
y to the nnurboiiswiJ
family lia<l hocn r,W„|
nn mtliusiiisin forfrl
ig and a warm licarul
ted Napoleon \viililis.|
feelings liad for s„ne|
was not (luite sosnrij
the only country, ad I
that Sliakspourcwas!!
that the prrfumc A
lared to French oron;. I
in England; and il.ail
3lic still, indeed, ttou;,! I
IS, especially if (la„,j 1,1
icm was shaken. Her I
as, Iiowevcr, as slmnj [
early cost us our dcir 1
ation, she hastened u\
ice could carry her, to I
more the Donrboiiml
n smiles and tears, rfl
h, carrying withlicrJ
blossom, and commis.!
close, to dispose of iJitl
inths, luckily before Jlr. I
MadeinoiBcilc Tlicrcsel
cd of nobody ; huttiimi
lich shs was born wail
scattered; her kindred [
wr her (she had pr
er life;) the kinj (A
lie had not seen Iut :'ril
I new city; the Frciiciil
the sea-coal fires;
t the Tnillcrics, wlml
ssomcd limes of Burlcv I
iRTH OF El'UOPE
LLIOTT, ESft.
mthly Magazine.
rapid progress wc w I
onstant and incrca.'i!t|
We are no !
The whole world iil
'gions; nor is there a|
lolly unknown lo us.
forth to eollrtt lliiir
linmo to enrich us \v;li|
something valuahlctol
benefit without cnT
palhiso with danjcr,!
uxuriate in plcasuriHel
ith the interest wliichl
round himself Tliijl
rm for every tcader.f
;ic, the scholar and t.'iel
it tu participate in ihel
_'c is widely dilTuscd-l
inward man,enlar|;in;|
Tc of his eiijoynunl!,!
for liberal instiliitm!,!
I and commercial luT
the scale of Matioi».l
description slinmlatnl
firhi for the usu'ill
might ollitrwiw i:\
the most cnliplileiifi
piTlcnding vohimf (in
, and the nio«l likrill
ifiod condilicn'-. Vtl
cli there is so lilllo l"!
Unlike many ofb
style is pure mid rlw-l
r and a riirislian. Will
, and our inli re .iiir«|
lose the Inxik willi reJ
ith a sigh of rrprtll
II appear in Ihciifill
VOLL'ME.
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