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Las diagrammas suivants illustrant la mAthoda. 2 3 5 6 MCROCOTY HSOUinON TBT CHART (ANSI ond ISO TEST CHART No 2) ^ /APPLIED IN/MGE I ^^ 16SJ East Uain Str«et B T^ RochMter. r^ew York 14609 uS* '-S^ (716) 462 - 0300 - Phon« ^S <7*&) 2M - d9S9 - Fo» m f^^.^'s THE HEART OF THE ORCHARD AND DAIRY REGION OFaLAKE ONTARIO 330.9713 C12 Issutfii by Qirectlon of J. Rocha, Ministar of tha Intarlor Ottawa, Canada . mn I ai iiai L_^ THE HEART OF CANADA j 15y l\. A. Ki;sNi:nY (late of tlic London Times I Stall, I.otuion. I'ui^. ) Issued by direction of HON. W. J. ROCHE. Minister of the Interior, Ottawa, Canada. 1915 1ETR OROi OPOLITAN >iTO Being t li c :i HisiORr MhFROPOLITAN TORONTO LIBRARY hxd:: CANADIAN HISTORY OrcK nd D • airy R i^iou oi Lake Ontario CONTIl.NTM. Chapter I. BY THE SIDE OF A CHEERFUL SEA ■riic I'Tuit I'.tll I'll llu' X.Ttli Sli..rr 1,IT.,| ,.f til. (,t l..ik. « ..II ("liiiiati- Tlu' I-ir-t '^tttli r — riniucr 1 l.iuUliii.-, I'.i-t - CiviIi/.Ml 1,. mil— Till- City of Tnr.mt.^A Journey Along lli.- Lake Shori— rio1i Sue ^ C*>>— A Year- \V..rk— Thinning' the Trnif- SellinR the Cr p— P.-ivirK the Middl.-man'- rrotit—(o operative Societie-— £40 pe' \ere rrorit— Fav..nrite Winter Apph No Ilaiicer ..f t )ver-iii)ply— Apples Alway I'opnlar— I-riiit «rowing -till in it< Infancy— How Quality and Qnantity can hoth be Improved —Mr F.. n. Smith's Statement- 226 liarrels per Acre— Ooo.I Apples Always RrinR Good Prices— A Bad < Irchard made r,o..d -Pack and C.rnde Iletter— P.oxe- in-fead of Barrels— The F.x port and Home Markets— The We-tern Demand f.'r Apple r.overnment Helji for I'arnier — Siipplyins the Cannerie-— Canned Apples in the Old Country— Dried Apple— " Chop " for the I'oreien Trade Chapter III OTHER CROPS BESIDES APPLES "Mixed l-'ariniiiK"— Fruit Kr..winji and Dairyiim Comhined - SnKRe-ted Divisio of I.ahonr— Apple Orchards Pay Before the Apple- Con -Small Fruits and VcRctahles Between the Trees— Strawberrie- anil Rn-plierrie.^— Plums and Pear-— N'uts —Tomatoes— Mai/e— Pea — A Visit t.. a Cannery— Its Labour Problem— Tts Price- I., the On wer— Cheap and Good Foo.l— 1,' Market C.ardeniii Map'^ S vrnp. Chapter IV. LIVE STOCK AND DAIRY FARMING Bees and Honey -Poultry ami I'.PH — C ille f.>r Beef— Chee-e ;nd Butter Factories— A Oreat Impro\ eiiieni in Herds l',e«iu niuL'- >heep— HoK rai-inp— Ca-ailiaii ver-us Foreign Bacon— A Bin 1 'arm— "Came Back to the Land" Chapter V. THE OLD COUNTRYMAN'S CHANCE ^^^^ Great Tncrca-e of the Area under Orchard — Scarcity of Men to Cultivate Them— Farmers' Son- Staying in the Country— KeepiiiK out the Wrong S-rt of FuiiKrant— Worthless Labour — Men Wh.> Learn— Fmigrants who have "Made Good "—A Welsh Dairyman— A Man from Xorfolk— Result of Five Year-' Work— " AuythinK Like this m FnulamP "— The Failure-— Complaints of the Country and Peo,de— Letters from Knii grants— Wapes of Farm Lah. .urer — Free House, Garden. Fuel and Milk— Regular Re-t Times— The Poor Man's Opp..rtunity —The Man with Capital— Get Experience Before Buying Land —Farms tor Sale and to Rent — The Capital kequiicu- Loans on Mortgages— Price of Farms— Chances in a Poor Farm- Government Registers. 'i I The Apple Men of Lake Ont ario I I,' 40 in .-.1 CHAITKK I. BY THE SIDE OF A CJIEERFUL SEA. riii* I- iu> lan.v i.uiurr I ti„\i- 11,. 111111. i It. iii.ikr " -vrry n.u.sf a ■u .11.' <\. 11 on a (.•.ma.li.iii !.ik.-. 11. t t.. lay tlif .■,,l..iir mi tco ttiickly in .'iiiiiii« (Vt-n a Canadian I.inclMai.r. -nil 1,-- 1,, reprr-rnt Canadian II.' a- I'r.'c from ery ill that man 1- li,.|r t- \ly rra.l.-rs may tlifrr- i-ro f..- Mirf tliat if I n-e a Mr..nK »..rd ..1 prai..' it 1- hrcan^f n. tliinK li-s will accnratcly d<-crilvr tl'.e fact'. "What is w.itli hatiiiii i- w..rtli liiiiiiiiii.'," 1 ..tier hfnrd a wi^f :i.i 1 -a.\ And it 1, r.iually irnc Ilia! what i- »-.,rtli tiavinjf i> noi llfn l.> he l..iin.l withdiit luir.,iiiK li i- l.y nn means tin- case that hccaiisc y.m nrver heard ..f a particular distn I it caniL.t tie ..nc ..f tho !u -t in all Canada. Hundred- of thoii-and- of p,-..ple Ir.xn the Old Country have parsed tlir..ii^,'h the ilistiict I am jn-t s'oiiiK to tell ab.mt, on their wa\ t.. Tor. •Ml., and iiirlluT wt-t. and perha|>s have been •llrd ill llici, ii.w h..mos lor many year-. v.ith..ut an idea that there A Wonderful >"iuit Country. A Modern Cheese Fattory. __ I anything in it i.ar!iciil..rly wrthy ..I alt,-nti..ii. \rt it is one of ihe f:;cst fniit nr..\\iii^; .li iricis in tin.- world. _.\ 'he Crcil I.akfs, ; .liihlron wli.. lu.ir .ahuiil ilu-iii in i;e..Kraphy ars' I -"in-, an- simply .1 cnii..iis iratnrc ..n the map of y.'anada. How •'■ ■'>■ !• 'I'le r.-ali/r ah.ii ,1 \;,-i .liffrnnc.^ ih.-y iii.iKe I., the life and ,„i Jr. -[., t.iy .1 th.- Canadians' 'I'h.y ni;ik-c an extremely 11-eful water ■ii.d 9'^li"-'-y. f..r ..11c Ihiiik;. 111. .re than ] .M) inilr- I, ,11,;. fr,,ni the head of ,i,y %''<^c Supori..r t.. lli.- p.^iiil wlicn- Lake Ontario overll.rws int.. the St. and i.^r. ■■'■>• Rivcr--a Kit,;! u.itcr highway traversed by coui .le- i an.s ■n — *■ ...m, The Cffat I..iVi'- li.iV'- .1 belter ii-r rvi i ihui ih.it Wr ,iM ki wlinf ;i nmilitMiit; .imi -. Iti iiiiiij iiil!iietu-r ilir -iirr'H'iiliiik; -r:\ li.i« th. ilini.itc i.f llir t iiitfil !■ i;u' ' '11 li.-w ntiuh mil Effect of III! Hfl:li-| I- III ill' ■■•lll-ll i-lr^ lli..!l i.ll llll' tH-iKii|liitlI the Lakci i''ntiitpiit "if iMin.) The Cir.Mi I.ake« have the »: on Climate, -..rl .it rItVrt . n th • ilimatf .it tlie ciiiitry -iirr.>iii;(' Ihciii III the cil\ I Otl.iwa. bi'V.ind tlu-jr iiitliiiiK'i', .ivrr.ine t«-iii|Mr.ilitrr. t.ikiiiK -iin iht .iiiiI wiiitrr lM^;ctliir, i~ .IS 4 the city 111 '{'.iriiiilii, i>ii l.akp (>i!l:iriii. it H -14 f>; .ir ni.ri' iIkiii -ix |/r?e- hinlii 1' It i^ -till iihtp iii'cri--tiii,i; ti. tii.iKc, wlirii «!■ I..,.k i the ilct.iil^, tli.it wliilr llif lake in-'iiio ihr wiiitir imIiI. K'^i'ii! T -ri an iMT.ini- liiiipir.iiiit.- ten (jpyri-i-- lin;liri than Ottawa, it aUi' ir.i ties the he.it, fi.r r.iri'iitn. tlmiiKli imuh tartinr -..nth. .utiKitly ha ^llnll!ler ti-inpii itiirc .i litili- Inwrr than that < ciili'iii.'fi! very r.irl\ m llir lii-tiT\ i (.".iiiaila iiiiiliT the Uril \].nx It u,i- .riviii.ill.\ -otili-il liy ihr I'liileij K.Miliii'' I. The First .ili-i-. wh". uhcn ilu-ir cui-c \va- defiMterl in the thirl Settlers. Ilrili-h cnh'iiie^ -liiith ■'!' Canada, were cuniiulled — e if ill- y had wi-licd In rciii.iin — t.i leave their lands ; prh Oovernine'it plots nf land almiif the Canadi.in sh of Lake Ont.irio, and y.iii will -till !;nil tiuir de-i'riiil.ini- f.arniiiiK vvh their exiled .iiuT-tc ir« slarttd t.' ilear away the f.'re-i nearly l.^n ye a)jii. They eerlainly had a 'i.ird en"iicli -triu'Kle at tlrst: a pii>nec life in a thickly wnoded land, before the day- of railway- .and ste: ship* .lid telegraphs and telephnne-, iieee--:!rilv called fur -trenu' toil and patient endurance. If the people who leave the Old Country for Ontario to day th they are poing to find nature "in the rniiRh" and to have the hcrcnl. task of niakiuR it spionth — like the " Settlers in Canai A Civilized i" .itain Marryat'- story, wlio .ire described a- tak Land. ^nd on the north shore of Lake Oiuario close to Kin ton — well, they c?n make their minds easy. The fact the idoneer work was done for them long ago by those old Lov;^li and the British immigrants who settled among them and their desce APR 2< U(w Wr ,.11 kr. Ill; -rii ll.l« nim li iiiiM •.nl. in the farly part ,.f ,hr 1;,., c..n,„.v Tl>, m.n and wn y M,rr..,„;.l,... I '■'-'"• " '"" '^ •'""' ^h'-r't— . -Iiily p.pfr^ .n.t ,|.,ly p,„t,. n ihc tliirtfci ilpi lied — evci eir l.iiiils an, ;ili«t> receivci aiiaili.in shor .•iriiiiii>{ wher :irly 1311 year t : n iiinncer' I , - and iteaii! j fcir -trenu<)ii-| 1 today thin ■ the hcrcnlca j s in Canada i bed as takifj lost' lo Kiii'4 I The fact i i old Lov:.li-t I their descend i 1 The PuMir School Syv^m ,, Ef^.crnt ,n Every Waj. Come vv.rh nie for a lutle run al„ne it- no.heri, shore by the '■'■nu\ Ininl, k.nlway. ins, ,„ ,,„, , ,„M,minary idea of the land-capr Th. r;.„ ,' "■ '•'" "' ^'■"' '■■■"" ■''"^"'"". •■"- ♦'!<• "Pita! of ,h. The City 1 ,,.,„.-.. !, ,. .., .,„ unu.h e.iy. f„l! ,,f .nrr^rv and en of Toronto, ler,,,,-.. „ ,,„. „. ..,„„,„ ^,^^^,,.. ,,,^ ^,^^^. ^^^^^ ^^^^^ .ii.-v^r.i.Mt„,„ ,.f |„„„;,„,n: ,,,,, j,, i.,,rljanient House its .'.ver-„v. „- C„v Hall ,„„! -„„,.. ..f „. ,,„„,„e- would be ornanienl- - an^ .enire ,,, p„,,,,la,„ ,„ ,„ ,1„. world rvlectric tram-cars run in all lirotionp weMward. for ,n-,„n,-... ,o ,he fair Rronnds, and norMiw.rd- "• .. .rea, re-id.nt.al ,,„aner of l,and,on,e ho„-,s in beaiitifnl gardens Ft is ea.y to unafzine ihe imn.ense advantage a food-produein. com- -..my^.njoy. by bein. .i.h,,, ,.., reach of a eitv o/^ nearly Iti.iS. We leave the city a, nine in ihe m.,r„ing. and have barelv tin:- to JaiKc through the paper-f„r the Toronto papers have a lot .n them — before we feel irresistibly compelled to look out of the The Railway window instead. The lake, as we skim along beside i Along ic Rlowinp bine and silvrr in the snn. A rongh rampart the Lake. of bniiMrr'^ and Ings ha>; been thmwn up to protect the line, which often run* fearlessly nlonn the very edge Farmhotises, too, stand with perfect a-«urance of -^.-ifety close to tlie shore. \s the co.i-t winil- 'jciMh. with .h:ilh w t).iv- :nicl low luMiIl.-iml-. the railway's slraicht conr-^e takes lis awav from the lake and through widestrelcliinv; meadows — nrlds of the tall and almost Fields and tree-like mai/c. or Imli.m . .rn, whicli i- always called Crops. sjniply "corn" in Canada — lieliU of cl.iver inoro pa-lure, with herbalt-the dirt that ri-cs in -ap and iran-rii;tire- it-elf into ajiples and <■' ni We cnvss mild little r.avine-. mini.itun- \,illev-. lined with vr tr. ■■- Most of the trees left standing here and there in lleld corners are ..f the dcridnons kind, and any day the maiiles may he pnltini.' on Colour. their gorgeous autumn robes ,if fl;inie colour They are green enotigh now. and -cores of hor-i^- and cattle are sheltering under their thick fiil .le\ eh ijuiuMit of n farm which al-.. -Iw.w- Entenng .^^.^^,_ ^ f,^ ,,ilifti!Iv cultivated ..^.arden veg,t:ih!.>- and ,i -tri.^ Apple ,,f ,],,, ^., ^,. „^,,a! Corn and piimpkin- 'l"he orchard ina\ ^'"''" he taken ,a- .1 -it;n,il that h. re or In r. .il>. mt- we enter tin realm- of the V..rtli Shore ajiph While a|ii>le- .are er..wn from on, end of the l..ike t.. tlie other, the indu-lrv has r. aehed. perliap-. it- hii..'he-t iioint ..f development in the ei-ntre of this lielt. lie The Apple ''■''^ "" monop.dy ■ \ en h. re. ilii- king of fruit-. He i- a is King. tolerant ntonareh. .i- we -h.all pre-ently find — nianv va-ee II table jirinee- holding -trong po-itii,n- in the realm \ever 2, theic--. he i- the King, ■\ hn-y little town of 7AM< -.'id- i- I't-h.ova: a niannfaeturim; town. » but without the -moke and the glocun that we a-soei.ite witli tin ide.i g' of gve.it manufacturing indu-trie-. Sweetne-- and light Ci Oshawa. -pread far .aiid wiile .n O-hawa. f.ir the mu-ie of it- piano- fi' i- lieaiii in Inqnes all over the Hominion. .nid ilu- in.i'Miii; S- of gas CiNture- is .mother e.f it- specialties, while l.irge .]nantitie- ..fW frttit are al-o distributed frotn its centre Tlie O-hawan- m.ake f.nin implements, too. and carriages, and (■■.,,,llen g,,,>ds. .and whitewi-.ar. .an,' D wire fencing and leather and harne-s. In 1900 this town sent out man ^..-...f* H e A Promist o( ,i Record Yiilii. T:^^^^u'-^\ ^-'°'''' '" '• '° '' ""' "'""-'» i'^ -"put to fi,- Fr..,n a flat ..ro.ch of far>n!nn#i • 'reh.ircl of tlic tieiirlili. >iir. who-r frer~ .-ire e.Treil f..r lil ; the treasures they are and loaded with fruit. For ^ome time we !i.-i\e heen i.,i--i!io- tlir.ui;!! thr e..iintv of Dn ham. Just before entering Northttmberland we =top at Port ffop This is the junction for n branch of the ('.rand Trunk R.ni Port Hope way ninning north to the inland counties of Peferhoroue and Victoria. T should like to take yofi up there, but fl attractions of the great lake .Tre too ti to f:7A.W] (?^].^rOA^|■^ in l"h The next town has .piite a c'.aracter (n t' lake, consists of lawn tenni<. b.-'thine. golf, boating a '•■ >■'- I'nt 'he rotionri>-er-. fln-ni -e!\-e- have n e^. 'd d of bnsine'ss fiesicles enferinc for fhe "^iMnmerrr''." Frv parking and shipping you nafitrallv expect to find: but v may be s„rpri=ed to discover a fullv enuinped farforv for r.iilwav rn The last available returns show a manrfnetnrine output of £32?.' f$1.128 74Q'> in 1010 from a por.t,!otir>n of e^tilv .'?0?4. The engine bell rings, aiid again the panor.ima rushes by— a ba orehnnl. n.wlv pl.anied; then if- m\ vear ..hi ^i-ler: alre.idv viehl^ fruit, for men and bovs .ire picking aiiplo* into barrels: and also rugged old relation, not past work yet. for a wagoti load of full barr 8 i American " Sum- merers." which ar organs. n siirpas nly abnv a vfar. ain to th cleared n iltivatinr le cliimp- like oiT instam- •;i(>ss mi 11' rclii'\' ainne thp r. allowr^ ifl yef lo' tlnveill' anrt fid' .1 f.T lil JUS, conung .,u, .n,o the road. For a .hile we sk.rt the edge of the ' .....n ,.l,.ugl„ng a br„w„ l,il,,i,le w„h a team of the glo.sics brnwn r.e, a l.r, ly walnut ,rce ,„ ,l,c uuMU of a f,eld. .rS road" and .^r..U«, nvulcts n,„,.,„g d,..,. ., ,he lake; ...gui.s fl„a.t ^^n^c ' |.,/;i^::hi^.;^^^^^^ Ontario Tr»«»— Blick Maple 9 and comfortable houses whose lawns run down to the neat cement side- walks under the shade trees of a magnificent public avenue. Rolling along to the east, we soon reach the end of Northumber- Trenton. land county, and arrive at Trenton, in Hastings county. It is quite a small town, but with rather a "citified" air, and is a place of more importance than you would imagine from the fact that its population is only about 4,000, It may be described as com- mercially a strategic point. Here the peninsular county of Prince Ed- ward joins the mainland; and from Trenton, railways run both up to the north through Hastings and down to the south and east through Prince Edward. Here also is the month of the Trent River, where t'rc.Tt canalizing works are being carried out by the Federal Govern ment. The town is likely to develop into a manufacturing centre of some consequence, by reason cf the water power thus develupe.l at it^ door. It may ,iNo dcvelr.p into a ^ireat ^nnlnll•r rc-..rr. Nature ha> en dowed it with a womlerfnl advantage ti.r h..atinK and bathing in the expanse of smo.ith water between the ni.iiiiland and the shclteriiiR pen- insula of Prince Edward— the beautiful liny of QiiintO. A twenty minute rnn from Trent, .n liriiii;- u- t.. Hellesillr. wliicli i- aho on the -hore of the Bay of Quinte- and you will find apple or- ch.irds n..nri-hing on t;o,.d -oil hertabont-. ,,r ,v. ii fnrllur ea-t alnng the lake as far as King^ton, where the river begins; hut the apple is ] no longer king j- The apple country I am speaking ..f, th.uiRh it has no elearly de i fined frontiers, at present consists chiefly nf a -trip along the lake front ■ in Durham and Northumberland, with parts of Ontario ami The City of Hastings counties, and practically the whole of Prince Ed Belleville. w.inl, Wlun yon pet to Relleville you ,ire far on into lias j' tings county, where, as in the other counties of Eastern | Ontario, the great source nf wealth is not in tlu orchard but the dairy f' Vast (juantities of cheese come to thi- city for transp,,rtati.in to the]'" Old Country: but there is al-o fruit enongh coming in t.' keep an cvap i' orator and canning factory at work The city'- maimfaetnre-. wliicli f ' were valued in 1900 at about £\\2.tMM\ had jrown to i'J41,2,?.s in the last I" census year, ' Belleville, ■ Centre of the D«iry Induitry. 10 ent side- ! ^^'^ ""^ '•<"' fiP al'«ng the lake shore. let us turn back to Trcn- Rolling i " ^""' "^^"^^ '"^ ''"'"kc int.. Prince Ivlward C..nntv. This county •i"'"ber- , "^«'' ';' •"■•■' IH'',inM,Ia. j,,ine.l t,. th,- n,;,i„l.„ul bv :,n i,th- '""'^- " i Edward '"",!,■ ■'■ '.'"■'^'.r^— ■ ••' •"">' -'<■• -•-•'- wa. known the fact ^°""'y- ;'''•'•■■"'-"<•■'-' "'.H-h mor..,h,,„ half a c.,„urN "..,, w|„.„ as com- ,,"'"■"'*•'-'"''''■<■''"■'"' for.-i. thor,. w,. „. ,,„.I ,.v,„ ince Ed- : ''■;"« ' l;" '^l^;-/''-.- trom K,n«„„„ ,, Tor ^-„„„„,„ ,„,t a b i, l" th up to :- "■ ' I-; "■'>■<.,.>„„..,.. all ,...r Cana.la. .1,,,, , ,„ „,.. ^,„,,,, „, ! through "' "'"^ '-"• •™^- -"".■n,,.rial. „-.,, „, ,.,, ,,. , ,„^,,^,„^. J ^^ r. where ^;.;''- '''f- ■•■'"' -cr. w.rc. a.ailabi,.. an.l that wa, aln„ .., ,. .-r .vh Govern- ^^ """ ""■-^- --■ '" .' M^... wh,-r.. ,h,,v ha., ,., ,•..-. ., ,,|, „f ,,Vv l.u',1 't: -f Turned into iz^: ^'z:'-':^- "■ ""■"""? "" ^: "■'■''" '■■' "-"^ :t: v: - is'and. n..M b,:,,:,;;: , ' •r;:':;.,;:::ir:";' .;."-'" •■• ••"• "''■ '^" 1 ■ I- r"r..iKi' iK.ii in-lit, .n wa-; „,, „.,„. -i.T. tbron.h ,h. Ha, „f o,„„„.. y,,,,, ,„„,„,.,; ,„^ ;;'^^^ , . - U-., ,,u.rce.l bv a canal, an.l IT,,:.-.. IM.,,.,! ba, b.,.,, ,nr„..,I i , which i. I," •;••-'— h,cb ,n„M „,„ ,,, ,„„f„.,, „,„, ..,,^,„^,_, ,.,,,,j;'^', :: apple h ■ l'-"^'-''-..-, b.luan! C-u.u i, „ „,,„.,, ,„ ,, ,„,^^ ,^, ^^.,, iirj'n^ arly .le- , „ . . ■"'" ^•" "" ■'^^''" «''«" «•<■ Ukr | 1,-,,.,,, „ ,,„, _ kefn.nt ,, ^"^ ^^ "'■"'"> '-"l''-' '" ''■■"■„ that tr,v,l!,„c bv „„„.,- ,,, : „ arioan.l Motor Car. mI,!,. i„ Cna.b, a, all. ., ,„„.„ ha- ,„, , ', ' |.,".r r.M.N tbr, II -ai.l ib.,Mt t!i,. "« [-.d . 1 ' '■"•'■'- 'I.' r, I, ,- ,■,.,.,.,, nl> . ,;„, ,1,,,, ,-,,,. Tana. In, I ,t,. Has ' ■"': >■,'" '■"•"pare uitb , it,, an.l thr, .r, ,.,„.„ x.rv h ,.< h„, Ha^torn f 7"' " ''"• '""'''"'^ i^ i" "'.■ .ati,,^. ... ,l„. ,,,,„„■ ..^ .i,,.',;,', .V .; ," ,c .iatry. f"'"'^ ^^ " ■— - «• ' r..h, a.- ,,„ I,,,,, '„; ,'1 ;,','"' , ^„ „;^ IPMnCnro „r ...Ii.t ,!,„,a... ,„ ,|,„ ,,„, „„, .,, . . ,,, , j/ ; „t i "'' ' HI cvap :'■'■'■■ ','"'•■ ^•'"" "'■ '"■i'^'' ■■!>- II,.. „,,„„ r, a,!, u. ,|,, ,,,, ,,,.,,,, ',' " ,_,, J,, P;n..»Y-l-"l..;.l--.nk .,,.,,,,,,, ...a.ban.lL.^:,. ■; ; „: .'■ nrr,'\ i- pi:,,.: -:,ili,,i. ■■' '"'"•' ."""-ine .■|.i — b-, an.l -h, ,,-m ..f ti,,. Southern Ontario Road, are Well Caied Ku u The surface of the counn i> very Rcntly undulating Uiinnini: ca-t anil wc^t i- a inimatiirc' rising t(i a height "( .'(K) fee! hilly than t!ie mainlani! Tl >oinc poor land there i- ^i.in. lt ■ f hill-i. a little ridge oceasi.inalb !)iit ilir i>l:iiid a- a whole i~ much lc-> inil varie- a g.M.d deal; hut ahing with (if the be^t in Canada. Passing the villaR.- .f dn-e,-. n. we nntice a beautiful cirden bright with a>ter-. h. altliy l'i.>kiiiK table vegetabl.-, a iieh' Variety in nf buekwheat. "prime -tuif for iiincake-^" — corn. eow-. and Farming. hor-e~. and gee-e. The .ipide li.i~ no iilnnopoly here, a' we cm plainly ~ee. Still, he i^ pu-hing his way, as th( yelling iirehards bear widie--. .itid in m.iiiv part^ he is lirinly e-tabli-h ed. Here, as \( ,■ p,i-~. i- .m ol'Iii aeri' .i.h.ird of trees -idl yminii but covered uilli fiiut-the poultr\ raiding here is variety enough. 'I'lirough a tie.iutiful (louble aveu'.ie of maple trees that -hade tin verandah- of prosperous citizens we enter the town of Picton. On tin map it seems a rather out ot the w.iy place, away there a Picton. the far end of the little island railway; but when you ge there you cannot disr..v( r any symptons of isniation ('ioo< shops, hamlsome churches, almost liixiuiou- homes, nnd .1 genera sense of thriving contentnn rt— th'-se an' wh.it yon -ee .uid leel m I'icton Picton, «n Induitrioul Littlt Fort ol Printi; EilwaiJ Cu 12 Om.ii io Fruit A wait my S^i.pmfnt CHAITrat II. THE ORCHARDS AND THK APPLES. "I!lr-,- -ire I :\- l.,iliir.." -.ii,| i fllllirr wl'.-lll 1 v\ i- Mllii;-. .1 K'W iri;. - n,.rlli ,.f tl,,- I,,!;,. U\. ,y,.... .i.,,h1,,!l' -ii .1 Iiill-i.I,'; I., -11,,! ,.,, niiuiiiii: lip t.> the -iiMiiiiir. w.iv ,, .Im-r w ! ..' iiiji.!,- ,iii,l The Baby .Im l„r-,,rri!-. -!..,,ii-..; ,!,,un •., •!!.■ i;.rri, >;,•■, I. u.i- .1 ^r,M! Trees. m .IuI.iT'l: -ir.'t.ii .,1 1ir,.u'n .■,irt!i •I-ti.-.I ,1! wi.l, ii-ii'rv:il~ with littli- free- 'I'h.v I.M,k.-,I -,. -i,nl! .ni.! in-i-iii'i.-.u!! :.t:.l lu'Ii'h-- tli;i1 "habi,'-" -,--incil tlir ■■,i\\ ■ Miii- \v,,nl t.. ilr-fnl... il,. ,„ '•\'..w 1-..11U" .-If!.! tlic ■.^:. nvn i!i>- " li- o..nliiinr.l \Vr -triuk ■>T..-s tli.- h.iliy c.r.-h:ir.|. .•uu! ).r<-~.iitly I'.uml ..ur-.'I\r- .1111. 1 l; linn -m\uU r<'l.ni..i)-- Tlir trcr- wr,- 11. 4 t.il! ..r iini' mt; ni The -i.'t— tlirv Ii.iil |.iiri..-.I\ lir. ,, k, ,,t ,l,,wii ill hrielii. -,. :, - Grown-ups. !.. .iv.-i.! ditiiriiltv ;•; lu.-kiiic tko frnit fr—ii t!i,- !..iiiii..-t liiiili-- hut they \vi i ,• ,>!! -tr.inL; .iii^l in iMitrct !, .i!'h i"'"''i -"""^ •■'■•'■ I'rini 1:.h! .•ili-r:,,!v hrr,, puk..]. .itk.T- wrr,- k..iil,-,! .k.wi. n{<], hii; ;.p;.h-- ti!! t!ir hr.iiirk,. . .;hii..-i t..u.li.,l th, lt-iiimK "Tlii- i- hi-tirr thill! .-iiiv i,'..M mir,.-," -n,] th.- pr-ii.! ..«■!>■- "riii ^.rry fi.r thr 111,111 ih.it i- .■:iiri.-.l aw.iy liy tin- tr-hl .1 Steady Work: -Wv.r f. ' . r. :i1um>- ili.i-irv r,,iiii,l ,u:.l hiintiiii; l-r ,. hit; SteadV Profit. ■':■•!.:■ :.:::! :!■. huT f.....r h. . '■■■■ .•■■■': ■■.■.: .; !.' tJUrr '^jiLhlr Th.Ti''- 11,. c.iiiihh' ,ih..i;; .ipph- ll'- -liMiK W'rk .inil -tcadv pri'it" "With a certain aiiu'iiiit nf ri'-k." I remarked. 13 "Til hf ^urr." he 'aid "There's a certain »nloiint of risk as there i> ill evcrytlniiK cKe — jw^t onoiiKh to make it iiiteresting. Oh. I've no patience with the man that rai>es a howl whenever the The Fruit- lia~t little thing happens to hurt his crop. Take the rough Grower's .vilh the -mooth. I say. and nverage things up, and you're Philosophy, .ill ri^ht. Some year^ there is less profit than others, of cour'^e. and I've ueiuhbours that have an absolute loss now aul tlien r\e never had that myself, and if I had I wouldn't howl. There'- Mr , dov, i; the roail. pulling a long face because he has en Iv Rot 2^ barrel- an acre; but he -eems to M^rget that two years a^o he linil ..vcr 1()0 barril- an ;icre It's downright ungratefid. -o it seem- to iiie. to RniinWo .ibont a -iiiKle failure in fifteen year^ — and that"- what it W.I-. one f^iilnre to loiirteen sncce-se-. What w;is the can-e i.f the ~ni.ill crip- I'r.'-t wlirn tlie tree- were in blo^-i.ni. Vi.u know wli M th.it i- ill tlir Old I'ounlrv. I believe, don't you " 1 h.id to admit that we wire painfullv familiar with fro-t in blo- -oniinu time in '■n«!anil In t.iet. the fruit -ufTers le-- from fro-t in I'anail.i tliaii in I'iiv;l.ini!. wluii' un-ea-on.-.bly mild wealhiT e.irlv in ilie viar till often foree- the tree- into flower prematurely, and then a -prini; fm-l poiiiiee- dnwii and nip- them Hur friend who "lake- the ronyh with the -mooth" .md lind- that »lu re i- more -month than roiujh. i- no e\i-ei>tion Ap.irt from -ueli .an iiei-.a-ional tiii-hap .a- I have inentii'tu-d. there i- no enemy The Secret of the apidi- j. .wir that cannot In- guarded acain-t and of Success, defeated by knoivledye .and iiidii-try The earele-- man. the fool or the -Iiit'Kard e.an tail .-h aiiide unovini.' a- la-ily a- lie can fail at any nther oeeiip.iticin. The man of ordin.iry iiitelli 'jciiee. who l"ir-t le.arn- what he ha- to do and then i\iw bii: and tine. When the crop i- ripe — if he i- (roiiiR to do hi- own pickini; and marketinc: -he crades the fruit hoiie-tly. -o that .a barrel marked "\'o 1" apjde- on the out-idc shall have none hut "N'o. 1" ap- ple- iii-ide from top to bnUoni: and he -eek- the most correct informa lion about the market-, -o a- to -end hi- ajiple- to the place, and .at the time, where and when they ,ire likely to be mo-t in demand. It i- iiot i,'\er^' fruit iir''wer wh.o doe- all these th.itii^- or d.ie- tlieni iill ,as Ihoronnhly ,i- they might be done There are various grade- of .apple men a- there are various grades of ai)|)les. Rut. ju-t as the best [iriee i- alway- to be pot by the "\o 1" apple, so the .apple trade of the future will more and more fall into the hands of the '.\'o. 1" men tl What the Wise Man Does. 14 An Apple Orvli.inl in HItiiim. "I li:iiil atul ^prcul iiKiiirrc in tin wini.r," -.in- ..in ni.ii.l "Im..!!! • ill.. lit till- luiilcHc ,ni,iiy t.. lli. iiii.l.ll,- ,.| M.n.h i, pniiiiii^; liiiu' A~ S....11 :i> till- t;r..\iiiil i- i.t |.. w..rk. -.ly ill.- li.v;iiiiiitiv; ..| The Year's Vpril, wc kcI i.ii t.) it .nid -t.irt .nltiv.iiiiii; \\\- imilih Work. r..MniI the trcf^ witli vtr.iw l.. k.-. p llic iii,.iMiire in (In- ...il Al !i-.i-l tuii'c in flu ^uiiinu'r u.- -pra\ llir tri'.'^ i.. ki('|i f|i>\vi' iV.c pr-i,. In [lino \vc i;.. r.nin.I in.l p'lll ..If a l..t ..f ili,- fruit uluTi- ifi- t..,, tliick " \ i;iia! niativ . n li..r(!nuii lra\.' .nl ilii- ii.m ..f '.111' pn.yr.ininie: l!i, y ha\i- n. .| the liinc. llu-y -ay. ami lii'lp i~ ^raic.v I r.ut it .iUKliI I., ho (l.iiic, if p..-Ml.K- N'..t ..nly .lur- the thinning .nK lioip to pr.idiirr a >T..p ..f niiif..rnily !':iic frnit. lull it pn-v.-nl- tlif U\ c fn-tn l)fini; so f\lian-titl liy an ..vrr lua\ s vicld ..nr y< ar lliat it cm ..Illy i)r..(hu-o a very livjht cr.'p llic ii.-\l yrar. Till- aiijil,' harv.-t Iiryiii- ui'li llir larlv \ariiti.'- ah..nt llu- lir-t ..f S.pliMili.r. an.l ina\ la-t till \v -r mI- in \!..-l .,f the lainirr- -avo till' lr..nlil,- .,f pirkii-K' I'y -illini; llir iT..p a- it -taii.N t.. a Selling to d.-aKr in llu- nolL;Iili..nrinu |..un. wli.. -.inl- a i:ank; ..ut. Dealers. clear- the ire.--, pa.k- lli.' fniit and -liip. it away I., iiiar- ki't. Thcro i- -. .iinlhini; t.. I..- -ai.l i.-r thi- -y-t,-in It -ot- tin- fanner free t.T (\o ..tlier w..rk; it -.i\,-- liini fr..ii] the tr.nl.l.' .if ■eekiiiB and encacing labmir. and the ri-k ..f a dr..p in i.ri. e- Hi- ri-k end* when the denier ha- taken and paid fur the er.ip l>ii the iithor hand, the li-k i- n..l ■.;r.Mt; and the deil.T'- pr..'it. lakiiiK line year with an..tli.r, i- l.ir^;.- Why -Imnld n..| llie farmer t.ake the ri-k an.l y,r\ the nii.ldl. man'- pr.it'.t If .in in The Middle- .Iivi.In.il f.triner m.ike. ihr all. nipt by him-elf. pi., inly man's Profit, he e.inn..t evpeet th,> -am.- iiK.ml.iiie a- .i .le.der. uli.. i- ii-ed t.. hnndlin^r l.irne .|n.inliii.- .,f pr..iliue .and i- in l.iiieh with I.irye eii-t..iner- P.nt a nnnili..r ..1 f.iriner- t.iv;eth( r, unil ' '"'" ' '^' ■^' ' '■■ ■ "■'■ a'l vantage-; ..: .1 .;...: er - pii-iiii.n and all Ihe pri.'it- that he .i;et<. Co-operative llif farmer- are ■indiii.,' thi-; mit. .\T,tiiy ..f them Societies. f..nnd it ..ut year- :\^n, and they have ab.iut -i\t>- e..- opcrative i)rganizati..n- in different parts ,if Ontari... IS I 'I -liMiv li.ivv !■■. ..|.i-r,i!i..n net- in tin- ;ii>|Alt'Kriiwiii« hiivinc**. let UN' I ; II., to til,. ,.\|„ij, ■,,,,. ,,| .1 -..» I. t> Willi II- In a(li|iinrl,T> In .t town on [..ilr (ini.iri.. It i. n.i ..n,. ,.| ihr larRc-t -.ii.tii'«. !uit it What h.i- .ili.iii !IXI ii;,nil„r- It i- iTLMiii/i-d ;i» a i.,i,ii v|,,i-k Thry Do. r. ,;i.i,,,iiv. uiili <= li'l ii. |ihl , -h.iro- The .|ii;mtilv .if I . lli.ir an> inniili. r I'..r c.uli vharc. lu' i-aii -end !i)0 ''"■f'-l- "I .ii'i'l. - h Ur h,,- -i.l,-rril)<-(l $.^(1 (£10 X<,) t. war>U the rapi- i.il. In t,lklll^; |. M -h.ii, - ilu I.. 111]. any will li.iii.llc 1 .(HH> barrels for him. \ tii.iiiauir I- .iii|H.ini, .1: a l.irr i- hired in the town; the apple- are • •ille.li.l iri.iii Ih,- iri, nil,, r- ..rrhard. .ind -hipped .away to -oiiie cttn- •ni--i.,ii irin, •. ,n,rill> in l.n erp. ,. .1. \l.iiuhe-ler cr Gla-Row: and the 111. .my Ihi\ I. t< h i- p,i--; to A Di-liKht to the Srnscs. ■ in..lil\. and n..w lli.it pn, e- ..i,- K'"d i .iin .xpecting from $2.50 to J.' .-II I In, -,i 1., 1)- ,,! , \ f, ^^. m-.h. ;h,,, eortain varii-tie- were hiiriiiim #.!io < \-- ■ i r,.,ii i! , ., ,.|i,-,.,, .,| ,-,.i,i-i.. y..ii have t., deduct .>.^ ..Ill- I I- .= '...il I I. r ih,' n.irr-I. ;,li,.nt t.n cut- (^i\ ) !.,r piekiiiR. 15 ,ept- iT'.j.! 1 I. r p.ieki-ii;. .iiid 10 .■,ni- i .M i f,,r ..ihcr expenses, iiiak- iiiLT .1 1-1. il .U.liuii..n .,t To .-. ni- ij- lid), \\\- are Ri-ttinR barreK >li'M" r. 1"". "'■ ii-< d to piv .!,s ..1 4ti e.-nl- i 1- ,",] t.. 1-. ,S,l ); now, as 1 -.ii.!, i!h > ,11,. .?: , lit-;' Till- -..ei.-iy ha- in on,- ye.ir -..ld lO.(KK) har- r*!- ■ 1 .iliph- i.'i It- nn mil. r- -ainl t.r -.■me .ait-ider-, who pay the -■leiciv .- p.T ei'iil e..tr,nii--ion. i.et ine put in \\ri-r il;,. n.i '•naneial r,--iilt- ..I ..rehard- .iwned by nuinlHr- ,.|" th, \,,r'",.ll, l'..uiit> l-'nnt (■,r..wer-" A--oeiati. m Xorfidk I- in thr l..ike l-ri,- ,!i-iri.|. bill tin- i".i;ur. - are fairly applie.ililc to the ili-tiict ,-p,,i.,lIv iind.i r,\i,-u-. Hire are tlu- reeeipt- ..f .in orchard- '.'■•!. >* i... I ..i-i li ■■■-(■:-■ i..o 1 . i- .f .ippie- tr. .m . iKiit acre-: — •ri'.ic JO. ..1 ...M:-., ll'..i.,,..tn.ns in tlic ni;iikft po, . i.f .i|.pl, - as in the case ..1 .ill p, ;,,... It niil 1., „,;,!, i-it,„a II. .,t rn.-. - .,,,.,.,,1 li-i.-. ami in other instances in th, -,inu W.1V. .lo- tli,.-e ruling at Ihi' limc Hie Jala umJ m the ;>icpar»tion of thi» pamphlet were obtained. 16 :^v,:^^- «7 harrpK ..f V,, I ;i|,|,|, - .,i $7 !() ()». 0,» ■> in liirrcl- ..f V,. 2.iiM'l''- .-It S'lKi ' IJ- '-.' \ MO l,,,rrr|. . .f \,.. .1 .,|,|,!,.- ,-,t J.V.^ Ml- {•.! ) 51 b.'irrrN .f V., 4 ipptp, ,,t $.',(,; , f) ij.i ) liirril. .if V- 5 ji.i.tr- ,it S.'iKt . S. 4,' \ 1 li.'X Sli..«- .ipplr- 2 I...X.-. r.-f!,.r> . 51.1 (») IMr. «<) M'iS5 ISiK) |«) fill $J4S')')i; , i';t«i Tim 04S iMrr.I- ,,.-1 S'.^^VS , fst i ,ii..| -..r,viiiLr m .'m ,1 «'"I1'. <£'>■> ;i CMinnr.-i..!! ..f ^1 mitv dii,! 1 .■, !,;irfl w;i- pii.' f..r iji.- I.- ..f •"^S ti.irr, '- .iml lli.- pr .T.t r"'-ci\i-,! dv ttir iT..«rr «m f4q per ,- p.ii,! Imt irr>\\.-r- wli.. ii;.liiilr I.il...iir in (''••ir :u-r..nnt ..f r\ p-p.'i'i.n' i!.. I'.i pitf ii it i \ ft \ 'iii;li hH\:rr Tlir liiflir-t i- «^S i;i!...Mt f i mi :i pt. ..111. Ill II i.t '-"> liirrcl- In ttlK .■|i-Ci'!!llf. till- 'i>r.i\ It ■rl,,I !>, I- lliv'i £1.<). Yft thf ;i|.i<1f^. -rllintr it fr.-M $2 t- $< 'it ., Intrrl linuiirlit in ,i net profit I if ^074 <£2n}\ Kruiii .( litllo iir^) si.1'1 22l'> hnrrt-N ..f aripl.-- .iinl iii:m1.- ,i pr.''! .f <5 '" il'li:?! Iii \nt\t, llii^ orrh.ird. Ii.TvinR hivii ;i!I. nvi-(! t,. rm. ,l,,wti ..nlv pirn'M,, ,| f>\ t.;ir rrl-: l.tit hv pn.ppr c.nrf .■iiii! i-ii1ii\ iii.iti ih ■ virtd w.h tin .iil.'1ii ii|< t.. ]i*1 li:irr.-K in lOdS .n,t,l ^^n tmrr.-!- it. I'VlO Vottiit.L' i- rtit .|..wn in flii- .ironnnt for l.ilioiir ^wl'i,h pr. h.Mv nii-.iti- tli.it tin- .ovtiiT .!i.| l!i.- work hiiii'-clf An..t!i,T in.in rrport- .i pr-'it ..f fSO ,,,, 2i^2 !..iir.I- iii.,-,1 ft,.ti; throe nrre^: .Ttiofli.-r. i]7'1 .iti -((>1 l.rirri'I- r li-. i! fr.-ni four .hti--- :m.! -o on. the ri'-ii!t~ (liff.riii.,- uifli \ ir\ iru ,ir.-i!ii!-'.ii!i .>- -\ . t i. !.iri.'i'Iv .ir i-orilinp to tltp nee "f flif tree- Thi- rfL'ion .nflinir.iMv -nit- t'n- wini i ii.pl,'-. \vl)i, I: V:c, p wrll .ml tlicri'fi.rr ilo ti.it li.iv.- I.. I... lliro;vii ..t; >!!,■ ni.irk.'t. r«-c:ir.I Favourite !<■-- ,.f piicf. wli.-tli,-r th,.rr i- :< ,!,..,rt]i ..r .i L'litt of fruit Sorts. On.infiti,..; ,,f tin' "fj!!" ..r nntninn ripple- nrc -till L'rown. .Tiul tli..ii['ti th'v :\r,- r,.tni.:iri'i\ .-Iv po..r Ic.-p'T-. n; mv ur.iwr- -pi-nk mo-f liiuhlv ,,f tli.ni :i- nii.ti-\ i;. tt.t-: 1>if tl>.. !..t;i.' keopine wiiitir vnrirti,'- .nrr -.. -nrc.-^fnl in t!ii- lril..-i,l,.. (!i-tri.t ?Ii i' expert- .irlvi^p thi-ir (-n!ti\ Ti, .i. in pr.'',r.-f.-.. t.. otlvr ^.rt- How well fllf-.. -ijiplrv k,, p i- „.,t -,. wi.lilv 1.1I..VV.; ., - it -InnM lir !f tin- .-ipplcs .Tro pi.-ki-rl in vr,,,,,] ,-, .f.liti,,,, nn.l ini;n.-.li i'. ! . i.nt inf.i t-..!'! 'tor.Tj;?. Iliov- .Mil In- fikm out in tt,,. f, .1!, .«if... \ptil .m.) t'.,iit;,! :,- rri-p .ind jniry .t- r\.T. Tn f.ii-f. .it th.- • rd ,.f n,t,.li.r. 1 li.iv .-.it.-n in I'ncl.nnd :ippl,-v t1i.it w.t,- pi,-|,rd in r.nn.Td.i tin r,- t1;.,n ri v.-;ir l...f..rr' The winter .Tppli-- incliid.' tin- N. 'tln-m Spv. tli,. Kint... tin- H.ild win. the Ren n.ivi^. tin- CnwinL- .ind tin kii--.t DilT.r.iit v-r.iw.r^ h.ivp difT,r.-tit f.ivoiirile-. :ind (virli viiri.'tv l-ri- -. .m.-iliint; The Spy to he -nid f-r it Tin- ?pv iv a nnii-nii'irrnt fruit Tin- tr.'r i- .-ib..nt >']ft.>en v -.ir- .1.1 I.rf.,r.' if vi'-ld^ n j.r. .•it.ihl,- .-rop. .Ttid it demand': thorough riiltiv.itii m ; Init tln-n it lia- a vii;.ir..n- r..tt- ^titntion. it f)1o.i. .iiid it alway .irri\.'.l wiih.iiit injiir\ .in.1 a-!..ni-h.'il the folk there hy it., delicious fraRrant rii-hne--. 17 • *wm Thr K.HK ap,,lr\ full „„ne i. KinR uf T..mpl C.unty. Thi, i. n..r the n„l.v <■.,.,■ ,,f ,\,^,„,s Unuu I^.^rnp,! .athfr lliin incren*-,! hv tl.r .„M„i,,„ .,f ,,tl,., Tho Ki.,« i, ,,„itr „f r.,v..I rank The King. ■'""""■' '''''''"■ '"" " ''*''^ "!■ '" •'- ""nf l.y („„,k r..t!i.T -r:n,-,- \, .,„ .,n„i.-.l r.,.ni..|,.wi>l ..f 111,. n„|;,ri,, Onvcrn- iM...t.;u- ■••».. .tro.i„,t.,fi,. ..xcrll,.nt,|MaliH f,,rc.,,,kiM»; IN ,>rr„|,,,K r,. I, r,r..n,.,.„ ll.wmr. it- l>,..,„>if„l a,.,.,-ara..<-.. an.l larff. -./., tin- .,,.,,1, ,, t.aipK ,!„. l,i,.|,,., ,,,,,, ,„ „,, ^,r..a, a,>,.Ir market- ..f .h- w,.rl, I nf„r,„n.„..|v tl,,- ,r... ,- ., , r l.enrcr. an.l r,.n.r.,u..nt ly n„|,r. .,t;,l,l. ,,, ,„ ,,rrl,;,r,| v.,r„..v. nnl „„|..r ex.-rpti.,n:,l ■•irrnn. st.n.>,- I.,,, ^.,r,,i,.,| ,„, T..|n..,n Sw, ,t, it i, -.,i,l t„ |,c tnore pr.H|,„-,iv,-. '■or JL.tiir „-.■ It i- rx.rllr.l l,y n.. .,||„.r ;,pp|,. " _. ''*'"■ "■•i''l»'" ,- v,.,\ ,„,p„l;,r nn.l pr..lital.lr. a- ii ,.x itie r"Tt-«,.|!, .„„!,- x,r> pr,.Iir,.-. A fnll Rn.wn tror viH.N an Baldwm. ,,.. r;,...,. ,.f .i^.l,, |,,,rr,l- ,,f .,,ple.. at any rate, every .e- ... /.'"'"' ■•■•' ■'■" " I''- - •■•"I" a. well .,, it, ■•,,„•• v.ar hki- III. .-I ,,f It, .■.,inpi>til..r- ''''"■ '■'•" "•'^'- "'i^''" ••'■ '■'"■■I tl„. .,pp|,. ,,, .M.r,.r,l, ,l„.,e i- .0 Ml- I. .■,,n.r,,v,r-. I.,.,«,.m it- ,l,lr,u-.,„- aii,| it- .l..f..,i,l,.r- The fart _.. '■ "'■ "'•" ''•'^i-i-""tav,Tv lii^li ,|,,.-.,pple. It .-an,,,. I ' „ . '" ' '"■'' '" ''" -'"" '"•-■.ith a. the Spv n„t then the BenDav.s. „,,■ 1. ,„„.,.iimi,..i,K l,,,r,lv. it e,.ine- int., I„^•,ri„^; at the , . , , '■■"■'^' ■■"■■'■ "f "^<' '"■■"■'■ •i"'l It pr.i,Ii.,-e- ureal cn.n- ,„■ fruit whieh k,-,-p ,.,,-iU n...!,l lhr,..i^.|i ||„. winlrr. "IVM.r a. it i<." .av. one irr .« ,r. -,1 ■,.,,. |„..„.r i!,,„i a„v ^,U:„ i-. if y..n take advanlace of it, keepui,, ,|„,li,v I, „ f,,IU , „ j, i„ „„. f ,„ ^^,,^„ „^_. ^^.^^, .,^ .^ ^tnrke.l ,v,lh ap,,!. - ih;,, !,,,.. 1,, h„ ,,,,,1 ,,,,,,„,,. „„,,, „,,,„.,. ^,.,.p ,^^ e,.iir-r, p,.,,„|,. ,!,„, , „.,„, i, ,,|„,„ ,,„,^. ,„,„ ^,., „,n,p,,,in^, ,,^„^^ j,^,, ter k.,p ,1 1,1 ,|,,n. ,ill ,,,ri„e, when the ari,|,,eratir varieties are -.1,1 '■■'"' '■;'"'■ ""' '"■ '"•" ""« <'•'• Hen Davi. i. .nnppe.l up T m,1,| -.."■■ .1, I rl,r„.,rv .-in.! ,„ily «,.| TO ..,.,1,- , .', ,,,1 ) a harr,! It wa-„'t «•■ r,h uhil.. „.i„!;„i, il,,,„ „. ,„,H.,M. .,, T „,ve awav a l,,t P.i,t I kept -..in,, nil tl„. ,1,1, , I w,.rl, in \pril. an, I lli,-, ae'iiallv fetrhe.I $4--- (IT- M.) ., harrel " ''"'"■ ''"•'■'■"in^ i- <•>'.- .■fl!H.r„ie.te.„,kini;.ip,, I,., !,„,,„.„ ""*•" ''"•' ■■ '" '•■' '^'i' "f !-.n.- n.v,„ir_an,l a, it ,|,,e, p„t pr„ Brown. f..,. „, |„. , , ,-,,r , ,,.,„,.„ ,„,,,,. ;,, ^^^,,,, ^^.^_ ^1^^^^ ^^^^^ k.-,i, p,.. .,,!,. ,,■,„„ hnvitiLT it Tl,,- vi. 1,1 i- hiul.; ,,„,. ,rpo ^il""" .' hnn.I.-.,! x.ar- .,1,1, ',.,- ,,r, mI,„-, ,1 n^itv l.:,rr,-1- ,.f appl..- in a ^inL'le -,.,,-,,„ Tl„. Kii-.et i< an,.lh,T ,.r. .,l,„-,ive varirtv, an,l i, ,a„„-,! e-alinir. I,n, ih.r,. i- a pn.in,li.-e .^ ,in-l it- hr,,u-,i -V-i,, i,i „,„„ ,,„nrter = If I,-...., vv.Il in !.,.ii,!..ri." -av, an ,-xp,,rter -hiit r,!a,„i, th,- an-wer There i- n,, danger whatever nf an over Mipplv ,,f ..,.,„,d appl,.,. i„ any fntnre that i< near enongh to bt reckoned with A. ,„„. apple man ..h-rve.. "There ha. been an nver- '"•";'"""" '" ' ■■ "■>'"■ *"" 'I'Te never wa, ..,:■] never will he an over- production of L'o.'d fruit " Another leading anth-rity. Mr A W. Peart, of Bnrlington n. the increase of popnlation in onr towns ,in<1 nties and the advancing tide nf immigration toward? our North- 18 <.. %A, ' Still Waters " at Stirling wcM. ,-,rc creritiiiK a !ein;iiul i,,r <,iir triiit-, l)..th ficvli and cannfd. the pcti-ntialitic^ c.f wliich are pr.utically a~ iiiiliiiiitcd as the Apples va-t areas of virKiii ~i'il that are still iinpn.plcd " Always 'Vh" ir.t.I» u ••■■■ -Pv -,■,' i -n.-i ; " i •• - - .1,.,... 1 i.> „i.i; j,_r-M:i:i.;!i.v iij-piilar. .Many i'opular. artul.., , ' f,„,d -atiate the appetite ii ,at.ii regularly day after day. Tlie apple i< not one ..f th;ren in the shops are very imattractive in appearance and poor in tn-tc. T.von if the total (i"antity sent to market did not increase, if tlic ipiality improved, ther'' wonld be a very large increase in the amount cf money the growers would receive It may be said that the jio. t people can only afford poor apples; but there are vast numbers of people who wr>uld not object to payinir a little more if they could cet a belter article, as well as a hirge number who are perfectly willing ti> p.iy l^rst class prices for first-cIass apples. There i>; no reason, m.ireover. why first-class apples should not be put within the rcich of the ninllitude, nt prices considerably lower than they arc ni>w charged by retailers, .md without reducinp the amount that tmds its way to the growers. Mott of the orchardmen can in crease their production per acre, as well as raise the fruit to a higher standard of (|uality. by improving their stock and their methods of ru\^ tivation Py the more general adoption of co-operation, and by its ex- tension to more branches of the trade, they can get a higher proportion of the siini which the con>;umer pays. To say that the apple-growing business is ".mly in its infancy" may provoke the retort. ".\ gor.d siyed infant, surely." \ vt it i'^ true When the apple-growers have acquired all the technical know- Apple- li'du,. (l,,it i- alrc.idy to hr had for the asking, when they Growing in I'.nc ,ill ,-id..ptcd the ino-t profitable methods of producing its Infancy, .ind niarkriiut; fhe fritif. when they have perfected their or'-:ani7atii 'U and developed Cinnection^; with all parts of the World th;it c:iti jic^-ilily be got to buy. they will lo,,k back with a -mile on thcs, early years nf tlie twentieth cc ntnry and atr<-!- of fr-t and -ecitd urade apples i\',,. 1 and N'o 2. a- they are c.allecll in ailditi'.ti to (he -mailer and poorer ajiples. Tn-tead of that, lliev i>r.iliah1v vield n .1 more than ,1.!:00,n"or .average, he pi.int- lUit. is '^imply due to the fungus and tile eoillinv: nii.th: ami both of the^e pe^t- can be absobitely con- trolleil veti in the wm-t -ection of the cenintry "We must start at the ! nini.' ,,titl eiif..rce the proilnction of onlv good fruit. With thor.iiigh -iir.i\inL' we e.ati gr^w the fne-t Spvs in the world, and the ?l>v i-. taken .all round, fierhapv the mo-t valuable apple known — at any rate in Ontario There is no conntrv that can beat us growing Haldwin^. It -eein; t" me that in tlio-e (i.trt- of Ontario where these apple- thrive .-i nati.'u.al -pecialty ought t.. be made of them. The or- dinary fr-ii! gr.'wer or faniv^r or packer can -earcelv realise what might be made out of the-e fruit- when iir..p,.rly L'r.'wn There i- no difTicul- \y in getting ."<' cei.t- '2- ) per h.orel tnore for the well grown and well cid. 'tired fruit th.in f' r that which p,is-es as the vanie grade, but merely pas^-c^. 20 i!^^f;W:^^i Onh.itH ^n K1oc.it "A- >!i in-lar,-.' ,.t' tl'i- r.-Mi!l .if tlLT-UL'tP . -. I li ■ -,m-. ,k M i !.•- .■I'l: ■|'wr,i,'l.-, ..f rr.:,.!;,,,,!. ,.;rcu ,.r.! ,.;n-kc -i'r:.\,-,'. .. \.r.Kr pr,.]...! """ "•' ''" '■''"I'. ' ' -'""■■ iM-,>- ..11,. ihinl .1 !•. , v,-|. Ill w,-!l >],r.i\.',! ..rrl!.,v,|.. l.;,,! t.. I... tlir..iw: ,.'!! ,.i; ,-,,-,-, .iint .., t',. r.i\.,v'.-- ..t' llll- I.i'-t I'"'-'' .ip;''' -. :il 111'' m..il,-t i.ii,-,. ,.1 ,S.5 I !J- 1..! > p..- hir:,'! i'..r -11,': <-li, ifp -t.M-k, lir. .iiolit ;i trr. .-- n-'nrii ..1 <.v'IHI ,l'!i,.,, ,„.r arr,- tr. .111 l.in.! '''•'' i- ""^ "^"rlh ?i'"i , I'jn p.^r .,,!.-. i-: !l;,. t..u-M-!iii. ,.f I'.iiihr. .. .).. \vi;, r,. till > wcr,. t;r. .'vn "i kii..u' .if 11.. kir.l ..f fnip ,t..\v|"- ., p v v, h, r.. in C.iii.nil.i tli.il "in i.r..,li',-,. -!-,,!.■:■ ...iiin,-- tl..-.,, tl,,,, ,.x,-,.,,, i,, ,,.,-^- -p,.,-,;,] ,-;,.,., ;„ cli-'-'l I li.iv,. -.-..ii ,T..p- ,.f p!nin-, pi.u-ii,.- .,n,l lil,i,-kli,Trii- t.rins '■■■v. -i.!..Tah!\ 11 -..r,. ,;,,.,..■ \. l,,|i ,t p ipp, ,,, .! p, !,.■ a !:app\ ,-. .iiilini,i:i. .n ..f a In'..: ,-r,.p uiih l..,, pri,-,.. \,,u M,- T w,.,!.!:.-'- ,•,■., p u-.i- mi.|. .ul,t.-.|h .■I h-.'y ,.11,. lint III, pri,. ,-an '..■ mnnta",.! iiiii, \.ar- .mt . .f Icn f..r Sp>- ..f ihc yrail,. ami . ■ ilil\- ili,..,. wirc " i Iht.' i- -. ar,-. I> aii> liiiiir p. th,. p. .. -ilii'itv . .> appl,. i;r..witii' in <>■!!. Ili.. Th, r,' an- liiiii.lr,.!- ..f t!i. .ii-ainl- ,.{ a,-r..- ..f lln- .-l;, .i,.,.,i .-ipnlo irr..uiri.' lar.I in th,' 'v..v|,l -till nii!- .inli.-.i ( )iir Good Apples m.rk.t- a-.. ..vpainlinf ami -vil! , xp m.l 111, -r,- rapi.llv in Always Hring lb.- fntnr. if w. pni up ..iiK a Inch ut.k!,. ,,f ap|il.-- \Vr Good Prices, h.nr n.'M r lia,! a \,Mr win 1, a vct\ !!i^'h prnil? .,f npplp- 'h.-l n,.t LriPL.- ;i pv. .'"i ah!,- pri,,- in tl:,. Ilriti-li iinrk.-i ' '"I .."11 in;ii-k,t. ••llu- V. '.•■ I- .4r..wiiiv: r.ipi'llv rinfl will ah-.rf. rip.r in. u- ■liiantiti' - ..f k.iu!: i^r.nl.. ..pj,!,.. Tli.-y ar,- willint; P. pay .'xli., pin,. I,.r a i;,.. ..1 yr.nl,' . t .'ippl, I".. .11 iln- riiitr.! Slat,-- niarki-t ..ul! fr.ninntlv i.ikr l.irLT .piarnti,'- ..I hiaU i;r.i,!,- ai.pk -, .-p,-,-iaIlv ?pv-" lliTf i- ri i.in.irk ililr ex. mil'!, .f wli,! , .,r. I. .!.,nr wit!i o-.a-ii .1 run d..wn .nini nf-iil,'! i,-,! :. Iia ,! I.y .,.!!-, I.!,, an-! rnr-rf.ti,' tn-nfni!onplif(l n.ir l'iriili/<-.| in •vciiiy years, vn yon can all 'iKMrc out ahont llic -li;ii>f til,.! orchard w.i- in 1 got po-session of it in Mardi. .and I -rut ah-ii! h\ imn Ihcrc to prutic it. and I put on ten ponnds of '.(ron^; C'.innicni.d f, rtili/cr aroiind each tree, and I sprayed it very •■'• ■ .r..nt;lily. ! pi. nylud ih." .rcl.ard .iTid tried to keep it cnlti vated all -ea-...n, and 1 h.irve-led over 2.(KK) li.arrcd- ol he.uitiflll apple- I I'.-nc kiiro':i that i^rehard f. t th. la-t luint\ yr.ir-. anil f..r the last till \.;.r- |.aiiii\ilarl' . ,,nd llie 'I'l'li- i" tli.t .rcli.ird have been siniidy rtilihi-li; in fact. ,i year au.. \ r,in~iil the orchard for the pickinc of it Tin lir-t \i-,ir I contr.'lled the fnn'_'ti~, and ha\e -inct f.iiled to I'mil ;i fiini;u~ ..f jn\ de-erii'li' ii in the orchard. I contndhd the c-Mlliiip nioth iM the 1 \teni .,f .il.,,!!! ."^o ,„.r cmi . which 1 thoni;ht very pood nndc r the circnni-t.ince- " The proiii-, ,,( an ai'ide irch.ird can he nicr.'.i-ed n.it only l>y ^ro"- iiiL; the he-t apple-. l)iit li\ p.ic':iiit: them in the he-t way There i- \ery LTe.it r.i.iin f.ir iiiiprovenwi' ah'nu tlii- line, llmniih Pack and ea-e- .if ilMunriyht di-ho!ie-t\ have In en reduced to a Grade Well, -mall nnniher hy -trinyent law- "It woidd he an ideal Condition in .apple pi. kini.;." .i- Mr, 1'. I"), .*-initli -.lys, "if a nirrchant in l'.nj;l.ind .'r aii> di-la.nt pl.ie. c.nld he -ure when he liMiiyht a parcel of ,a[iple- a- \o. 1, th.at they w.inhl come np to a civen -tand.ird — a nniforni -t.ind.ird There wi.nld then he n.. ditlicnlty in lie.diiit; .a i;.'.id m.arket f..r . \ i ry barrel nf .ippK- packed in Ont.irio," N'"-t "i tile apph - are pni int.' h.arrel-. c.'ntainini; Apples in ali'.nt 14ll |i..niiil- each, or .^'2 hti-hcl-. It is now heiiiK Boxes. felt tli.it re.dly 1:01. d fruit de-er\e- and repay- better treat- ment .\ friend ..f min.' who ur.'W- the Sjiy. the Stark, till' (Ireeniiiy and the I'en Oavi-. n.ov jnit- ,dl exeejit the Beti Davi- inl'. li.iM -, " \ b.i\ 1- tile iliii:,:." h.- -a>- " \ li..\ inea-nrini; JO \ 11 t iSSSBPcBI -,■4^' ^ " "" , p S te*.-<. it In Shady Pastures. 97 Jli^-i! • Nearly Double Price. by 10 inches (in-idr^ contains a bushel. ..r 4("> pounds In I'^W r c..t $>W (8<.) a N..X. a.,.1 Iho apple, were n..f the be-t; ill I'JKi. [ i ,[ Uttl,. dilVu-ultv m j,-,ttinK $-'5 are pr,.tect.,l by ^lieet- c'f crniRate;! papc, lininj? the bnx aii.l it j, beitrr Mill it . .ii-h apple i, wrapped in pa|.-r. I'or fruit in b..v,~ I ;, t ne.irly d-iible uhat I wa. ^'ettinp: for the -aiDc fruit in barr.I, " The Tnited KitiKiIoni -eor - likely f.. remain bv far the lary.-M .ml -irle purchaser for (^ntari.. ., pies, h j., inde.-d, a tnamiilicnt iii.irkel Rut the home demand i- very l.iri;e .lU.. Thi- i- ii.,i id,- The Export .-.iM. with ev .ry product ..f r'- Can.nli.m farm C'liee,, i. and Home a notabb- e«catr;;de. !t i- b. .„. ni.aii- a univer-al .irtieb Markets. ..f ,liot ,,, r.inada .\ m r> ^rr.it pr..porti..„ ..f the ..iilpnl of C.in.uli.in olie.-^e factories -;, „ - i,, th,. ( )|,1 ("..nntrv It i-.|Uile otherwi-e with apple-, which .ire a- i.,.piil.ir .,t h,„ne ;,- :il,r,,,,il ■I'h.-y are not only eat.'u .at me.iK It i- a ciniii,.,, pr.ietiee in ni:,!u Canadian home- of my ac(|uaintaiu-e to I,mv,- ,i 1n-k,t ,.r ..In, ..1 ,ii,|.l,'- on the -i.leboard where all or -undry can help thrm-elve- ;,i .,,u time ■ ■f the day: and when [ have been eallinc . .11 m\ friend- I !i,,v, m.,re often been offered ;o' apple than a ei^ar or ei^ar. tte. ami much more ofen. 1 am tflail to - .v. than a gla«- of whi-ky. The ri-e of population i,, the We-terii I'r^ sine.- help- the fruit k'rower- directly as well a- indireetly. Tl,,- pr.iiric ^;r..\v- Western train, ..nd ^.raiii of the hinhe-t .pi.ditv kn.ov:, in il,,. w^rld: Demand. but it doe- ,„,t Rr..w th.- hir-er frml-. and .ie,ordini;ly it want- a larjre -upply oi .i,,,,l,-, fr,,m -u.di ,!i-ni>t- a- r.im now describinp. The .idvantaKe of b.iiii; able ;,. i:row Irmt th.,1 will "Ke.p- f, ,r Ill-nth- i- plain enouj;!]. The advaiilai;e 1- en. 'rm..!i-lv iii.rea-e.I 11 the fruit can be kept f..r yiar-: and that .i.U .rii.ive i- 11. .w p..- "^^^ -.--eil by th.- Oiit.-iri.. orelianliren. in ilir -Iiape ..f 'cin^ Cvnneries. m-rie- " The ea':m-r> wive- them ..lh.-r adv.nitaL:,-. t... .. It buy- 11. ,t only t',e hii;lie-t el,i-- t'riiit- it the fr-.w.-r l'..r any n,-i-..n d,.e- 11. t w.int t., put it <.ii th,- m.ir'^et fr,--h--but tlie -ee..n,| .la-- .-iiipl,-- -it wliieh the fre-h fruit buy.-r nii'.;lil turn up hi- in-c It Haying Time. 23 '14 >l..f^ not mntter what an applcN skin look- like, if the .skin is jjoing t. Ill- taken off and ilii- fli,h cut up and packed in a tin. 1 kn..u- there i- -till a prei;idicc ^iirvivins "i ."otne folk's mind .it;.iiii-t .atini; ranned i' 1; |,iit the preii-dice is dyins ont and in th e.-i-e I if the Canadian eannerie- <.f my ac^iiiainlance thcri Canned i- eert.-iinlv n.. ;;rnnnd f.ir it~ ^trvival. .As a matter <• Food. f.u-t, there i- .i! K'.i-i .a- tnneh ri-k in eatinc; "fre-li" frni and \ rtetalde-. which h.ive neee--arily pa~>.ed thrctie' rn.-my hand- I., f..r. tliev r.'aeh v,.nr lip-, a- in eatint: food which ha Tiever lirrii l-iu hrd -ince it w.i- taken dirr.-t Ir-in the f.irnier's cart a the e.ann.rv .h.or ,in.l )..ul rd ilari;.dy liy m.!chinery) in a clean tin. I !- a -...id thin- th.it llii- i- -, .. i..,- ,ani:ed i',.od i- Tiot ..idy a bonn to th^ P". r. bnt 1 iie.-e--il\ f. u .d! cla--.'- in ni.any l.md-. e-pecially in tropi III and -end tr..pie.d cnntiie-, where the fre-h fond desired by whit. I'dk i- either h.ird t.. keep ..r impossible to t;et at all. and in new eonnlT-i. - wliere th, p,,.ph- .,re -,, tliinly -caMer.-d that few can expcr- to ha\e a -]i,,p within <-.i-y reach. In the n,-wlv -elllei Canned we-t oT raii:!il.i it-elf. for ex.nnide. enorme.n- ciiiantities o Apples in ,;!iined t. ,.d- ,m.- n-ed I'.x.mi in the Old Conntry there i- the Old now :i l.-irtre ilem.and for canned eo.'ds fre.m over the sea, ! Country. know hon-eho]d- where the apple pies are always fdlee from the ^'n tins of delici..n- Ontario .ipph- which vol can hny in I.onilon shm r U Id ..r 1-. .?,] (The gallon tin con tains ahom 7 ponnils ■) In ipiality. the pi,' i- la^rt.iiidy as ijood as if it had been made fr.iiii ajiple- bought at a fruiterer'- or from a street stall which w..nld co-t perhaps at least 4c, <2i] 1 and pr.diahly fie, t.V! ) or 8c (4d 1 a |>onnd before p,, lin- .mrl coring \'ll the tronble of that pro CC-- i- -avid, •;>} -•> is all the w.i-tr, 1 nia\ add tliat l.irne c;n;intitie- .li ftuil are "ev.aporateil" and sold a- dried a])i)le-. .and thai con-ider.dile .pMiiliti. - al-o are used to make cider, which is tnrned into vinetr.ir — excellent vinegar it is, too. The for< i;n m.irket- ar<' the be-l c\istomers Canada •"Chop" for h.i- for the produce ..f the evap. ^rator-. The very peel the Foreign inu- and c-re- of the apide- .ar< dried and s,,ld in th( Trade. form of pnip •■r "chop." for nse in making cheap jam Million- of ",t!ll-" — apples too 'mall to peel, being les- tlian two inches in ili.inieter- -are treated in the same way. They are -liceii np and dried .and -hipped over to F.nrope More of this "chop" is laiuled at Havre than at any other port, and it is believed to be used for eider, the favourite drink in Xormandy and Rrittany. A hundred P'und m,i-s ,,f dried "chop" repre-ent- about sixteen bushels of apples from which the moisture h,as been ev.apor.ited. The French cider i":do ' - hi\e no difficulty in rest^rini.; the moisture and swelling the mass to its ..rieinal -i?e and weitrht l)y sjmplv adding the required ",,ioinit of water. 24 f IS going t. I i )lk's mind J .Tiul in th 1 .IIU-C tllLTi { matter i> Ti'-li" fnij' I 'li thrnii;! I which ha | cr's cart a ^ ;an tin. I- )onn to th ly in tropi il liy whiti ; I'l in new ' "■.in oxpcc • viv vctlle. ! latitities c ry there i- r the sea. ! ivays fillei' whicli Vdi n tin con lod a"; if i' •trcct stall . ,^(! ) or 8c ' tliat pro and soli! d to niakr oo. s Canada very peel old in tht heap jam beinp le'^^ They are li'i "chop" ;o be used hundred of applet ich cider elling thi- ! reqniroil CHAPTKR FII. OTHER CROPS BESIDES APPLES. I'.v.n iti t!ii> i.cr.ili.irly faviT,.! :)\,y]r r.'i..i,,i, , n ll;r -h-rc of I.ake < >i;'."-io ilurc ::rc iiimniu-r.ihlc fartii- \vh re> fru'l fr..niinr jv a mere- '■-iilo i--n.-." or i v i ti tuuh-rtnl .dt, ,i;otluT It K,.n]i] he f,.r li-l, to ~;,y th:,t tv.,M,i-.' •• di-trul ,i~ .-i whol,- j. well ■■'Iti'd for .-I].;,!,' •.••■••^wuiz th.-refort -A'r'.A, orrhaid^ ~li,.iild cov.t every ;iri-r of vrouml Tin- ch.ir.utrr of ih,. -oil .nid flu- "l;'.v of "Mixed the I.ind" ii-.iy \-ary unatly in Me diffi-reiii firl- ..f one Earminfe .li-triet (•\en in di'Tireiit p.irt- .^f ilie -un.- f.irin If a Contmue,. iii.m utow- .:p|.le- .it all. even o,, ,i -ii;i;le acre or h.df :uTr. let liini iMow tliem in ''-e \ erv lM--r \v:,\ Hut it i^ i|uitr po-mI)!o th.:t hi- firm .'- a whole ?n- periiliiritie- which ''.t if ntorr lor ^oiii|. ,.ther Kind of f.ii mini;. That. I on afr.iid. i- not the rei-on leln VI II ^ee -o ninch "t'eneral f:innii!i:." r.r " iiiixi d farniii'.i-'." in ihi- rc^ior 'I'hc Iriie espl.oi :ition. .i- ;. rule, i- th !( the farmer- in nne-tion .ire -iniplv fcdl. uiinj oI,l ir.,di!i..n- -.loin- .i- llwir fatln-r- did before ihetiv-withont -eri..ii-h con-iderini; wheth.r .i cliani;e woidd not be .idw-.ihle Still let n- ricop-iii/e the f.ut ih.tt a i;reat de.il of enerijv i- -till di'Noted. and in -oine ca-e- .nii'e wi elv ,ind prol'tiMv de\..ted. to ,,ther br.mehe- of farm work th.oi .iinde K'rowitii: in the apple di-!riet Tt ni.iy .il-o l... -,,j,| th ,t even if ;, n,.,,) i- ,i -lu'ci.ili-t in a-.iile >:r..w i"^. it doe- II. >t folh.w tli.il he -hoi;!,l ,!,. iMtliinic wi!>> lii- Ion! Imo crow .ipple- o,i if [ know frnit -p.Tiali-t- fliaf hoM ver\ Fruit and -troi;-K ilmt thi- exeln-ive i.oliey i- .i mi-f.ike -not «o Live Stock, mneh h.e.in-e it i- " pnttinc ill vour eu^t- in on,- iM-ket " a- liee.ui-e ll;e fniit tree- thi-m-el', - neeil the m.intire tli.i* i- -npi'lied by live -t.ek '• ThiTefore." -,|^ t!ie e f,.lk. "let iis coiil.ine fruit iirowine with d.iir>inc" To be -nre :f eattl" .ire k.i't. a t;ood 'li-'i' "f ' "1 -pace hn- to »,,- i;i-,en n,, to tMowint; f 1 for them I^x IH-rt- -:i\ that many Onf.irio farmer- -p. i:d far too niiich in binini^ eittle f....(l th.it il!e\ ciild more iiro'"it,ibl\ prow them-elve^ and thi- cil'le food it-clf diin.md- maiitirc. When hitih .■inlhoritie- differ, it i- tiot for me tn decide. It ■-eem- rea-on;ible. however, that where there i- c iti-iderable vari'tv of -oil in a di-tnet, 'he farm- or iiortio-.- , f farm- peculiarly tit for Suggested h\<- loek and fo.Iiler ero,.. -h.iil,! t,e dexr.tcd -olclv t.. Division that pnr,„.-e -.nd the f- . .r porii,,n- of f.itm^ iieculiarly of Labour, fit for frni- rowin d be devoted to fruit ^;^owil,,' alone The . .ip.icit. i.'eniiit\' .if the ', nier- mav be .ible to work out a co r .perative ic bv which on, -t of men can de\o|e their whole tnn,. ,nid talent- to -p. ci di/inc in frnit .ir.d another -et of men to •ipeciali'inu in live '^fook e\ -" if that involves an cxchan(?e r.f land, e,r .oi exehant;c of the n-e of the land between them .Mre.olv, .1- we -hail -ec in .'nother eh..i'»er. famier- are eettiiii.' into the h.ibit of exchangintj work Kv.'ii in an apple orek.od it-elf. .liirn'B tlie period that the tree- ar- too yoiint; .mil -m.il! to need the whole ,.f th-' i,,i!. there i- Piotits ro,,ni to i,.row a uood de d 'Ke between them Thi-. of Before the conr-e. i- oi.lv i temp, ir.irv nie-.-nre: an ^r..--. ..r ,„■ cherrv ..r.h.ir.U In t , ah. .iit -. .ind tli- ouii, i~ .ar.. i.vid..ntly -ali-'l,.d with tlieir p.,\i,.,; eai..,.it> S..m.. nun. t like "ur f.i,.:d uil!; ilie mi-.-. 1! :r,o,i , ..r.hai.l ..ii..t.,l hef..r..|. Cherries ,ir,. .l.iiiiu v.rx w> II ..iih -i i , « h,i i i, . ami ..tlu'r fruit, and • whi.di thriv ,ii.ia,-iiiol> -a-, imh . d. th.v d.. in aim. .-I Berries. ev.r\ p.-i:,ofth.. 1>. .minion <,, ,i wh. a i i, - .]. . n. .1 L;r..wa- lari;e ii, ^\niada ,i - in th.- ( Hd r.iUnlr\. hut our- e,ann..t iH.at th.-m in il.av.air \'.. .-otmtrv can h, n' .■ .-■ .um-iiia! than C.inada for -m.ill fruit, -u.-li a- ra-i.h.'rric- and .nii.^nt-. v.hi.li in a -l.it.. of natnr.. .an- c,.n-t,intlv -iirj.! i -iiit; ami d. Imh'ii;..,' th,. ii-,.\ .-Ih-r m -til! iin.'iiitiv ated reijion-. 'Ine -trawhertv i;r.iw..r r.|i..n- ilial hi- ,r,,p ,,f ,- 1 _' crat.'- (e.icli crate c. nt.ainini; 2A hov,.s. ami ■ .arh h. .\ ,d. .i" l..nr 'ifili- ..f an imperial qnnrt") hron.eht him in ..ver 4 cent- (in.l .i ho\ m.t .-.■i-h. after p,iyinii for p.ickace-, tremht ,inil . .imni!--i. .n. Prohahly ,a third ..r even a h.ilf ot th.' -tr.i wh.rrie- .-mil ra-pherrie- grown in Ont.irio ,ire taken hy the local j.atn fact..ries am! canneries. At one time it p.iys the farmer be?t t.' .ii-iio-e :. Ihcy nre r.iicly cultivated 'I'li^ walnut tree jjr. .\v- well, l)iit if i- oliicfly vnliicr...hict "f •■Mine \aliic to the .-icttler a< food for hi< pic« " I.ove apple" was an old name for the t..mat<.: and ...me pe..ple -till a-k whether it i-^ "a vegetable" ..r "a fruit" Whatever name v. .11 eive it, and however yon clas'-ify it. its ta-te will he iii.-t Fields of the same, so we may safely leave the riddle unanswered Tomatoes. If it i- ,1 " vetret.ilile." it i. a prine,- (.f vecetahl, - St.-w.d t..mal..e~ ,ire one ..f the -iinpl. -t and e:i-i,-t di-h.'- t.. pte pare; iiwl.-ed, all y..n ]\;,v,- t. . il,. with .1 tin ..f t. .mat. ., ■- i- to li. .at it ,ind empty the c.nt.ntv li,t,, ;i ,!i.h (In i!ie ..iher Imii.I, in. .-I el.ih. .r:il.. an. I -iV'.nry !-ick-h.iw~ can ]u- mruh- of the t..n;,it.. with the ,iid oi -n.li ..1 ''in,.r\- trill,.- .1.. hr,M(l.-ninil.-. eh..pped )ia.-..ii and par-iey, -irid .1 -prink Iii'i.: .f i^rat.d eh,,-., Of ih, virtues . .f t..mato ~,,nce, Mr I'l, kwi.-k-'- I.-lini..ny .-t,ind- ..n ricnl I'lnl need- n.. <■. .rn.li. .rati. .11 In it- n,itur,d -l.ate we are well arijiKii"!, .1 with the t.>m;it.. .1- 'li.- '■'"'■"■" ■""' e..in|.l. ii..n ,.t' ;, ..dad But .ail.'r all, in thi- cniilry. u, riv kr.w the t. .ni.it.. ,1- an inii>..rted f..reii;iur, ..r .a ih-lieacv r.ii-.-.| "'■'' f^ -'■'" '" '''e w,.rin ..pin air ..f Canada il ln\nriate-: I ha\. oll.ii -.en fr. .m ni\ wii..!,.w ,1 uh.le field of thenv nn>l ..n a !i..t d.iy :: lip. i..m,i|.. ].icked off Ike pi, lit ,ind e.iten like an apple i- a- r. fre-h iri.' .111.1 Ihir-t nnenehiiiL' .a- a hiiiuh of jjr.ape perh.ip- ni.aa- -.. 'I'lie t<.m.it.. pay- e\ee. ,liir,rlv well— if il at-t^ a . hanee M.inv f.ir '11.', il! rriii.-,. KiKv:!'!. where -neei:!! riMr.-ti..!- !i .- I ; ... .1. lomat.>, declare that if j.ays them heifer than .iiiv ..ilier Tomato er..p Thev ..fp-n uei .=;on hn-h.ds ,.ff an acre, and occa- Profits. -i..iiallv WM1 hn-helv In a had year F have fonnd -liferent growers settintr from 200 to 4(H) bushels an acre When 27 the .v,,id fall, to ,hr I„«,sf ,,f ,),r.,. K.„res ,|„. pr,.,„ ,. r,..I.Ked f, ti vanishing |.nint-b„t 3 at 25 cvnt. (]. ou,l) will mean no. ,,n,r,, of about £12 an acr. A. a >„.„.r of fact, c'xpernnent, haN '-I.own th ,. the tomato virl.l ran hr r,u-c an acre -1 •'"'■'I'l.. uiMT,. t-H. ()„,ar,o (;,a,.r„„„-n! I,a- >t- a«ric.-lt.,ral ooll.^. '. vanet.e^ w,-r,. te-te.l (nine plant- ,,i ..uh) :„„l ,uUU-,i avoraR.^. of -i,i to .1- i p,„„„|< per plant of « 1 np,- frmt. Thr plant, were ,et f..„ feet apart, in rows live feet apart, an.t tluv r.-.eiv. ,1 no special treat , '"''"*■ Thf tomato is Krowri rlii.llv to be canned So i Ma.ze. the sw.el corn. This avrrai:e. about three tons of gree ears per acre, an.l the takini;- arr ...ilv abo„, $^0 (..f £ .^- 4,1 > p.-r acre: but the corn i^ more .-aMlv handled than the tomatoe ■""' >i'^-''- f ' for live -t... :; a. well a- for „,,,„. Peas. , '''■■'"■ •"■e.inother cr.^p v.ry I;,ri'ely r.ii-ed in thiv dj- tiict. p.itlU f,.r e.innine ami p.irilv tor -,i!,- .,- seed \ comery price-, peas „ ill |,ri,;i; the fari.ier ah.^ut $50 (£10 Ss ) an acre I ^poke^a little whil. ■,^.. ;,|„.„t the canr.-rie- as a market for th, ,.reh:,rdnia„ s -„rpl„- appK— ,,r f..r ,I,e wli..],. ,,f hi- apples if for an^ rea-,,„ he , ..,- „,,t wa.o t,. -ell then, in the ..p.,, market. .\. von wil have seen by n,.w, th- cannerie- take many .,ther kinds of f.arm pr,. '.'"''.'■-""'■'' •■'- <■■"■"• t,.m:,t,„-. p,.a-, pear., plum- and s,n.,l A Visit to (nn, I, i. a «reat and v-rowi-.- in,hi-trv in Ontari... tha' a Cannery, of cMiniiiK' I.e-s than twenty year- a^., there were ,,nlv half ,1 (h.^-.-ii ,ainieri-- in the «),,.le ProMiue- f ,lav then are .-.Kait -eventy Let n. pay :, vi^it to ,,ne and s,.e what i. K,,inK ,,n ,,,, "^'" ■'"' V"'^ '■""■'"'• '•• '" '■■ •'■•^.■' - 'V- ■!>,• .Man,,Ker. a- «-e ent.r n,at I- ,nou.di. We e.„I,| !,,,ve n,. h,,. , ,.,,„„,,, ,,f „,^. ^^^.^^.^ ^^^ ^.^ . . '■I>""'ry I.. !..■ -,ir,.. !he ..iiier hn^k^ are t.^rn ofT bv hand Conjurms -l,v ,|„. h.,,,,!- .,f „„., an.l u.m.,n. an.l ev.n bovs an,' with Corn. t:,rl-, f,,r it i. Saliir.Iav. an.I .a ,„,mber ,.f . hil,lr.-n hnv, e,>ni,. to help th,-,r P.ir-nt- Tl . biu- -did h,-a,l- of corn rire rai-,.,I hy inaehinerv I,, an nnp, r .:..,:. w|ur.. „„.r,- inachinerv M-i..,- ih.m. -crap,- ,.ff the .-ran, an.l .li-,I,ar.e- the w Iv ere ,,n A Field of Pumkins in September. 28 t^:" iliutd to th ■ will mean , iiiienls liav an arre. A' 1 c.lh'Kv. J avfc-i 111 26 V- iTf set full [H'cial treat incd. So i ns of gree! $20 (,r £J K- toITiatOC- A Vifw of tht Agricultural Collfcr at Cuflpli t.. an ,v,T in,r, a-lp... ,„!,. i,, |„ ,-irt.-.! h.,.k t., tl.o f.iriii f. .r hur-c- and •■'til,- t.. null'. I, The c.rti it-, If j- niixrd with liMilim; water .-..ntain nil; a lull,- mil' !r _and -all. and ,...nrcd into nnotluT macliin,- whirli ail'. .mail, allv ,M!t- jii-t tlir n^'.,t ani..nnt int,. .■a.Ii tin as it c-nir- up t,, Ik- idlrd. Tile li,K are -.Mrrrd ,.n l.y machinerv. Icavinj; onlv a little \.n. I,, 1, t,, 1„. -,.l,l,.rrd liy Iia-id. Til. .aiiniin; MM-.. 11 la-t- tr. m tli,- heninninp ..f July till Oct.. her, ,r \..veii:l.er An iii.lii-!ry that ..iil> i;ive- enipl. .yinent for half the vfir niii-l ha\c -..n;e dil?ieiill\ in ' . c-|.inL' up its lab.itir -iipply. A Labour S..nie ..f tli.' eanneri..- niak.- th.-ir own tin- ami put i.,i;eth Question. .■. th.-ir ..wn ea-e- in th.' ,,|T -ea-..n. ^.. that they can i.mv,- w..rk t.. a e. rtain iiiiinher ..f ni.ii in llie winter and lie -nre .•t 111. 11 -.Tvie, - when the eanninir -ea-.'ti li.triris aijain "We can't L'et !h,' help n,. want." -ay- ..ni- inatiaj;.-r, " dimply becan-p we can't ..fr.r w..rk til.- \,ar r..iin.!" Still, -..ni.-h-.w ..r .-ther cnmiKh wi.rker- ar.' -,r.ip,-d t.iL'elh.T. nil ..ne .'..hinalion ..f thirty i>ne canneries nianaue- p. turn ..iit . v.tv ve.r ah. .lit a tnilli<.n ca-e^. As ea, h case ciitnin- :A iw,, p.. HI,.! li,,-. thai ni.r.iis ^S.dOri.CHKt p.^iuids of f,.,,d T.. l..-.-r. Ill' the -iipplv ,,f .' , if raw material the canners will pive ilie farmer a cmraet t,, tal,,. .all he ur..Ws ,,f the cr..p they want. I f.aiiid farm.:- c.tliiik; l>..in the cannery $r (2^< 2d 1 a t.ri Prices to •'■•r .■■•rn. 2,= cut- (I- i)i;.,n a bushel f.,r tomat.-ps. f2' Growers. 'f' 4- 2(11 a t..ii f.,r -helled peas— the caniier .Iocs the shellini;— ;.n.l $2,.:ti I.. ,*,! (I(t.. 5d. to I2s 6d ) a t..n f.,r pnnipkm- Ab.ail ?! ,.)- 2.1 1 a barrel was beinp given for apple-, and ."i t.. .= ,cnts iirv^.l ,,, 2^,11 a p..und for cfrawherries. f..r which. h.'W. v.r. r. c.-nt- i.'.I ) ha,! been ni\cn not many m..nths bef..rr T.. keep np ihe .iiialitv as well as the c. tliin- i- ti,i dnitit tlint if cfini iMii tic »iiM wliiitr-: Ir ,it till- r.ilr if two noumli fur JiJiil tlicrc riiii;lit t(i !)<• a I.Uk'i' retail inark.l f.ir it anioiti; llu- (luor pcuplc nf thr f>Ic| Ciiiintry — if tlu'y mih kiirw lii.w il.lii i.at-- and iMiiri'-hiiip it wa». Canned pea* were lieinc -..Id at tin- -ain.- inice. and canned t.iniat.ies at rn cent* (2~ IM t a il../,ii (prices i.f I'Mth Mark.! Matilcnini: i- prailicnl t.i s..ine exloTit in tlii^ Market di-trict. Imt it i« ii..t till \..ii net I'.ick ti) flic nciRhl). .nr- Gardening. Ii I ..f Ti.r..nt.i tliai llil^ indn-lry l)i-c.inir» very iinpurt- ;iiit. \- til, I. tiler t..wn- yri.w. tlicir deiii.ind fi.r tl..v\ers .aticl I arly vciietable- iiia\ tie expcctrd t.. i;r..u t.... We all kiL.vv In tlii- lime that llie maple Ir.if i^ llie iiali..|ial etn Idem id C'aiiad.i. The virtn.- nf ilw »:'i;.ir maple vva» di-cuvered vi'ry early in llu- cnntrv'- lii>t..ry. and iii..neer >eltler», w.iKtni; Maple cle-lrn.-ti\ e war . .n llie fur.-t vvlii.h cM-rid their fnlnre Syrup. Iield-. Willi rath -pari d .1 pat. Ii i.f llii'-e p.iiticid.ir trees. 'The -.ip. « hrii it liruin- in 1 im -Ir 11 l; mid it the -priin; -1111. i* drawn i.fT llirmikdi lii.li- ln.i.il pi the 'm , and i- In.iK.I d.nvii l.i make ^iii^ar. i.r. muri- cmnnriily 11. .w. ti. i.iak. -yriip. whu li may lie n-'d |.. iiii;.r..\r nianv iii-ipi'l artu li - ..i I0..1I, .mil 111 e..mpaii> with lllll^\^ lie.it cake- i- ^iipremc The .Season of Mellow Fruitfulness. 30 ^.ji^tjj^^m^:" •T'aaiH^.%y;aAi?ifi»- Dairy Cstllt aie Fiiunit on Every Farm I CHAPTER IV. I LIVE STOCK AND DAIRY FARMING. 1 I 'I'll. I.ii.\ l.c- llir -iiiilli-l v.irirly ,.f lis, -t^.rl. I,r|it in C.mnil.i, i-- ,|i.|u> ..t III,- fri'il uT.uvrr-' \,c~: I'ri, i,,l-. f,,r in t!:r .-..uim- ..f it- (lu'ht it ^ i"irrir- th. f. !tili/ini_. |..,;i.'ii fi ni l.|,.-~,,in |,, hi,,-.,,,,, Bees and S,,iv,- liu-n k. ij, 1., ,•- -i,ii|,K ,,,; ilii, , i,ri„>.,.. I,ini,,i; ;, Honey. Ir. -!i miii,,1n ,\,,y y, ar :iii,I I, tiini; tlu-Tii -w.irm ,,|T Th,' I 111 ii;!:li, iiiimr ,,,-,lKirili,,.Mi. .i- u,ll i- tlif :n!ii,il ,,\vi,,-r- ,,| '■"'"■-• ■ lii'iiiiit In til,' r, :iiiii,,i; ,.f ili,,-,. ,,\, ,,,],l.iry i„-i-,i- Tlierc i, :iiu,iv- .-I i;,.. il ,ii.,rl.,l i',,, li,,,iiy if ;, „,:i,, ,Mrc- t,. ■_■,, in f,ir it ' >M !i,:irly i-\,r> farm - ,, will (,,,,! f.,uN i,i,-I,i!:i; iip ;, livi,,t; f,,r Ihcii'-iK, - ill -II, Hill, r, ,ii:il . ,n-,i,li, i i- iiuTi'.c-iiu; Vrry f,".v far iiui- make- a -pi'.iallv ,,f i,..iiltr\: Inn , xiifritnciit- mi a Poultry , i,-i,!, i-.,!,l,- .,,,1,- havo i.r,.\,,l ili.it hni- can t,.- iii,,!r l,i and Eggs. !.i\ .ill !!ir,,r;;li ,1,, Cai'actia'i \vi,i!,r u-itli,,iit aiiv aiiiin-ia! lir.nt ill llicir I1..11-, - an, I il • 11 -oiiiicnro i- tli.it in.Tnv f.ir iii.r- .if,' tliiiikinc 111, t.' an, I in., re ,,1 the l,,u-Iy hen .a- a ^iibst.mti.il < ,,iitilnil,,r 1.) ill,' iT, ,!ii ,,f ;li,- tial,iii,'o ,-liocf. rim tnii,'- ,,|il,iinalilc .ir,' >irtaiilly , n,, ,iir.n.;iii;; I I'lnl p,', ,],!,• i;iv iiii,' '(> rnit^ lS,n a ,|,,/imi f. r i-l'L'- in tlir Inii-" Ini-if^t la\in-.,' -,••,-, .n. iiinl 2.=; cut- t,i .^.^ i'ltit. (I- t,, 1- 4'A(1 ) ill liu' nutiimii N',,t many year- ,il>... 1(1 ,<-iil- 1=,! ^ a ,I,,/,n w.a- rrckoiii-i! a r.,,,,! piinv CkkI si/r,l thicken- ftli'li fiain 7.=^ i-,>nt- fn ?1 (,U 1 U,k fi -J- 2i\ 1 a pair p,.r tnrki'\ - al-,, tlicrr 1- n InrL-,' ,l,ininil ,--m, rialK- a- 'riiaiik- trivin- D.iv 1111,1 Cliri-tma- .iiipr. .aoli, ami v,,i' will ni,.! tlmm -.■llini,- in tlic irk,-t M ir,„„ ?! .-() .,, «.! ,,S- J,K ,,, K,- ,,.1 1 .,,,„.,.,., .,r ab,,nt Jl. ,-,miIs (I'l'l > .T p,,iii:ik Ducks ninl tr. .■-,• .an- p,.; r.ii-i-d ,,„ ., large -rnle. TakiiiiT tho ,a-terii i-,>iii!li,-- ,.f Oin.ari,, t,,sclliiT, I'le prcatc-t of {'Krictiltiiral indii-trif'i is dairyinj;. ami the farther ea>t ymi i;,, the great 31 ?r Vdii find It Th^ whol^ Prnvinr^, ncmrilintr to rrtiirn Cattle. i-.H.Mfnl ill tl'.- -nmrnfr ..f 1012, r.-nfnin^ ^.ftOr.fMXI hrml .. rnttlr. of which .tilv n iiiiti.Titv .if ti>-rtl for flairviiiif, th fsiirf fieiirr- luiru': Milrli rnw« t.J.TnOO ami i.tlirr cnftlf. 1.463,fKX> nvrn in nttrh.Ttii ., ' V.irfhiiinlnrl.Tnd. inilcli i-'iw< are «fill in n min.ri tv III I'riniT Filw-.-iril. however, niul ^nll ni ire in M.T»linK«. fhfv .iri in a I.irBP nni'irifv Of all the Oftv r..iii'tie> of Onlnrio. moreover onlv oiii* exeeefls ff.T»ti!ii»- in the ^i/r of it» dairy hen! For Meat i >f the rattle rajveH for meat I need sav little Mnio" all Canadian* rat href ami ji, .ric in iiMantitie> which thi in the Old Country coidd hardtv trint thetn-elvev t< poorer rla- dream of Th- dairv fanners of Ont.irio have L.iilt up an enor Where the nioii hiiMne^- with the Old C-'iintry. They have hecn Cheese etiahlcd to d.i thi- hv the rvt.ddi-hmrnl of hundreds of Comes clicr-c and (iiitler fact.irie- ill ovi-r the Province These Prom. ari' CO oprratixc ..r j' iiit -|,.cl. Concern-, the -.Iiare- hi'iiu owned !>y the farmer- The milk i- -enf eveiv «eroi,d da\ for every -e al..n,'. ani,.nnt- I,, ah, nt $1 .^linil.linn ( IM.IKiOIWMil \f,o:x ..f the fact, Tic- m:Xe hntter wh>Mi the -e,i-,,n f,>r che,--e i- ,iver: l>iif tl'c h,.mi' <', mand f,,r hntter i- -,, Inrv,' th.il c,,nip.ir,iti\ ,dv litth' cm he -pared fo, . sp,,rt .•\ w,,ni|crfni -i •pr,.vemcnt in the dairv farnii-r'- p,,-iti,.n h.i- cmr fr,.ni the c-tahli-hiiicnt ,,f thi- fact.TV -v-tem: hnt wf -hall -ee at h-.i-t a- >v,,iiderfi!l :in iiiipro\ cment in the fntnrc n;'f,'re the il.iv- -f c. i , .p,r.itiv,' ihiir\ iii-j. when everMhim^- wa- il, ai,' on .a -in:ill -c.ile - -wlien each f.irni.r h.iil t,, make hi- own hntter ami -cl! it a- hc~t he could — .! man would k,',p two .^r Benefits ihr,',' c,,u- T,. .l.iy. wlu'ii h,- ,idv ha- to =npplv tlu- milk All Round. :\r.i\ tlic c I'l'cr.ilive d.iirv turn- it into cheese and m,inev. he keep- a ,1,,/i'n or -,>: and many a farmer ki'ep- tw,i ,,r thrif -cir,-. Thi- mean- a l.iri:ely increa-e little attention wa- devoted Energy. to the 'elertior i,f the hreedinp -tock, and farmer- wa-ted a good deal of eneriiy in kcepinc; a comparatively luipro i!nctive class of cow- Ilappilv. the very fact that cows are f,>nnd on Ontario farm- yield ir.'j ■•ver !.^r>00 iv-.v.r!;!-. ,.f n-.ill- -Vi. -.-.■.■= tl-. i» tJ-.s -.r.-.-^si ,-.f jr,-.!-.,-..-.-).-..- thc heril- ha- he<.rnn. and ,in -ome farms has Rone very Improve- f.n i"d,i'd 1 h^ar ,,f one Ontari,- dairyman who has merit \ i-h UI-. II; whicti Fnt'land •ry ycnr nrit'-, iri i« nvrr: • ■Iv littlo i:i- ri.mr II -re ,-it itis.r w.'i^ 11 tiiiltor two or ihf milk 1 money, - two or f.iriiipr: 'rs. who ■ of men 1 Inrccly herd r.f the eoil rmers is ^tock is devoted = wasted r iinprn -.Vr.I til: tr mil' V I 1.! ^l .'" JMT cent -iiiii'U li> tw.. of tiirt-e !i I'lioti- ill lirriiliiu' I' .MM (hat niod^-r inrrense. *.iy, »S per cent, ■ I hei-n .n!ii.\,i! .ill rontnl. f!'r Cluiirio farii iTier- w-iild hr in.iWinK an ,tr.i $>'.;'( »,f<'(i U"l,r"(>.l=«<'l 1 >rar The |.rr-ent d.iirx ..Mt,.iit of th. rMiii't' I - «'lM.,'_'r.S'li .f.l ((l^.5frf,> lloi; r.ii-i.ifcj iloVi'i.ijK tM'iir.ilU mt' till I'lkjs and liroiiL'ht ti.i.l: from i|i,- .lu-.v,- i ,,torv f c ■ a toiiij wav in ^ L'.iws tidliiii; it, f'l.'- \' iiiiil-iiintMcr. I'M-', tlirrc were l,.t.'.^ ; Together. l'*'*' -wv-t m < intario. mil tin- niitiil.i-r v. .Id or 'laimhtrrnl i 111 tin !•'. . . ilirn IH. 'M'fiioiith w.i« 1,844. 4(t.; : Tin- I'r.'-idi tit of tlu- I >.nr> nii-ii'- .\>-i.ci.i'i..t! o! We.irrn ()nl,irio " It i~ 111 .oiiiipu r.T. fiii.'id Tiiorr aritl iiioti' i-.n-h year tli.il not ■ U .ill- tluM- iir.iii- t ' III ..lit. lined in i-..niliiiii ■! d nrMiitr .md ho*; I 11 I' lii'i No tli.il tin rr 1- no ..iliir -\ -', ni •■! 1 irmiiiL' '1. it will Vfr-|i • ■■ '■ liMiliu of il il ,iid iiu-ri'.a-r lln^ \.iliie of the l.iinl with .1- !!• Il iifo'il .1- il.iirv inv " lleri', ai; nil. i- iii iiidii-;r\ with ,i i;r< .it fiitiirr li.-fi.rr it. f ir it u I litile ilillii-nlt to iinu-ji!, ilii liiuiMii i.uT nid tin' InL'ti-li im'|>Ii in = I .irli, iil.f lo-iiiK itii-ir l.i-lr for Ivu-. n ii'd |i nn .ind pork Kacoo 'I'Ih' oiiK .ill.-- 1 ion i.- -whi-rr >|i.ill \\r iri-l tin m fri in ' Tin re and Ham. i I'o i -■' ^^i■\ •!: ■ Cn i i ,, ' •;.,. . w!.o .r. , .,nl .o l-in tlii-m -III 111. I Hot -iippU n- wtlh .1 f.ir larw'-r pr..p..t " 'I ' ll '■ Il noil ,11 <| li.iiii \\.. ,.ii ,\ pre-tiit wf dr.uv fir too nim-h • . iir -npiilv frotii Ion ilmi 'oiintrii' Till- ni. fi-.^or ..! ;iniinal liii -li ,!n!r v it tin- Ciin-lpli .\>; British luiiltnii! C. II. n li.i- hem tilling hi- lidlow Can.idian. versus that then- i- r.i uo.,il re.i-..n win t!ii'\ In nid li.itid ovit Forei^;n tin' I'.n'i li l..ii.,ii iii.,iKrt t.i tin- i.i..j.I,- ,.' Iii'iiiiiark 11. ■ H.li on. -ay- C n.di.ii:- " 1; i\^- an iinnnn-i i Iv ,iiit:ii.o. in tlip ni.itt.r of ■ o-t r pr. iliiriioti .;mI we i. rid iiri\.- il' I lane • i;' .■' I'.iiii-l-, ni.ark.t i! u i- w.iit .it il in tin- Ufht •,< i\ Tin- Iliiic li.i- ; '. if n il |o -iiiii'lx ll.- .11 II iinr with '.vli.it In v\..i;l- Wli.ii wi- liMrn •, 'll.' -.line I.' II. Ciiiiili i-.ii! III!., iin.rc a- i-i i lu'r -nprenin'v in the i'l iti-|i iiiarlset 'llnir 1- one fanner .■! inv ai-i|ii:,ini.iii.-.- ir. ll.i-tiiiv:- ('■ y-v.:\ ■.vln. ■ .'. •- ..ll m f:.''v. rtli of hoi;.. Tlii- ni.in A Big t.irin- on .. VI r\ lon-nli i ,.lilc ■>.]■. aid, -till li.'lter, in a l''arm. llioroin'liU -v-i.-irati. w.iv llr w:\- tn.t a f.iriiuT fo ti. i^in "itii In- Irfi ill.' f.iriii th.il I'i- f.iil.r li.i.l .J.ar.'.i from ilir ,' • r. ', .mil iiii.ii.l ].i.'.. ■-i..ii,il lifi- -liiii In- ••,,;nu' li.i.'k t" the land," ' mil -,'e wh,at he !i,a~ innl.' . f il Th Id f;rii', h.nl -. .in, 'tiling; ..v.^ .:(i.i acre- in it . h.' h.! iiu rr .-. i' ii i. . I ,li»i ..n .■- I ha\ .• trn n " Came -i. m .' In- I i i .1- ..f I iiu- .md -wine fie al ■■• ha- f. .iir aj.ple Back to ..r.liird-; p. ..i- .in.I pluni- and .Inirn-- he-ide- 1 he the Land," .ai mtity • f ni,ii/i t!i,it h.- y^ow^ to pi.iM.Ii' hi- c.w- wiMi -ii.'iili 111 "in'iT ill.! 11! iv 111- iniaL'in.-i! fr.in the f.i.-t tli.it I ' i- -ilo. hiiilt of irniiiit, i- i..rt\ f. . I !iil,I! .in.i •iflirii f.-i't in i!i im.t.T as yield- ine very vhn h.as of 8.001 •ow, but Ts have M Ontario Barns art Wide and Warm. The Demand for Men. Labour Scarcity and its Effects. CH AFTER V. THE OLD COUNTRYMAN'S CHANCE. .Alri'.idy. linili in the tniit ili~iriil~ and in part'^ devoti'd t" ■j.n.r.il .turiiiillnri'. tarni. r- li;nr .-..niiilaiiKMl tliai they i'.n;ii,.t ,i;rt on.mi;!! c. iiiiin-icnt men — ..melinie- that they e.inn..t even uel inec unpetent men They make the be-t "f •' ''"I J"l' l''.v intri.ilucti..u am! im]ir..vemen; .jf labcnir- -avin^r ni.iehimry. and liy ilie ni enhivating the land as "ill ,1- t!ie> .ini;hl. The ;d)-,dinely m-ce^-ary work is got tliri.\i.jli. perli.ip... Init much more ccidd he dune that w idd niere.L-o the I'arm pri.lits. and wonld he dime if there were men tij di. it !',.r in-tance, many iirchardinen. who admit that the fniil .niKhl. in a lie.-ivy year, to be thinned nut, -ay they simply have not the time to do it If that has been so in the p:i-t, what will he the ea-e now. with all these millions of new trees to be cnltiv.itcd? The -iination will be a little relieved by the farmers' Farmers" -on- -tayinc in the eonntry. In the old days there was so Sons Stay- mn, !; hard-liip ,ind dnnlnery in farm work, and so little ing in the wa- \mder-too,| of the ^re.it pos-ibilitie- of seicntilie ajrri- Country. enllnie, that hoy, y,,| into the habit of de-erliuK the count- ry for the town .and v:"iiiK in for other profession-. The conditnnis and |iro-i)i'ct- of f.irmiiiR .ire now ,n much better and more plea-ant thai- larmer-' -on- who h.ive been well edne.ited in hiKli -.•I 1. :! ,1 1 ... 1 ,1. . . . - . ; -" '■ '■' ■■■ ■■■■•" '■■'■' K-rr.-.irr .uivanraRe ot ,^, Coiir-e in an agricultural eo^e^•e .ire enminK b.ick to enter their father'- business. Several example- of tlii- occur to mo at the moment. A man who has been grouing fruit till he i- " worth," as the saying is, a matter of 34 Sili'i!'!.'' Gr.'/in- Gii'in!ii> lur All Kiii^ 1 l.v.- ,S|..ik J.Kl.lMi I l'(i.i'(;ii ,. I,:,- m,, ,,,,,, 'Mii-liinu ili ir , .mim :;t .1 hi eh -oh.Mil in ihr n.-iehli-iirniv !..un IL.tli :,ir .■. .iiiiii-.' li.i.K t.. tin- fruit ^;r.nviiik; \ r. iiihlii nr •■! Iii- I1.1- u.'w -..i!~. .nic! I:.- 1- iMixinu a I'.iriii for evorv '■!"■ ' ! ihrpi \ livv \r;ir- a-^,: thi-r ll.a- u . 'ihi h.ir.lly h..\\i- hrOM nhlf I., rr-i~t Ih,- t, iiipi;,li..n . i" c\\\ :iiiil '■ pr.il'. --i..r;,il " i:iiii-r-, \iiit mini l)iTh ■- . ihrr . Naiiii'Ic- iiiiulii lu' ijivi 11 I h, II. iii,iii\ <•! ihf \c.m:i; 111. i' \\\\,< (!iil ii. ! w:;nt '.■• -.['wf ii]i fariiiiiiK i!l. K'lli'r vv'Ti- -milt, 11 l.\ thr " u < -trrii l'. i . 1." .111.! i.oi!,-.l In the ni-li '.' thf I'r.iirif I'r^ >\ itic.--. w h.T, thry i-..iil.l ltI 1:iii,1 t'.-r h-'Iui-.l: and niakr niLtuy !>y uhiat rai-im.^ V.^wailay-, a c-,,,! many uh.. \\a iiilil ha\i' il.Mir tlii- arr 'incliri.' thiat thry ran il • at any rati- in-t a- wi-II in the I'r. villi-, ■ whiti- thry w i-r,- Iv.rn Still, niua- .a haliit h.i- cia.uii i']i it .I.m ■- n^t cli,> ..in in a i!ay M.my 'i..y- will i-..nliiiii.' 1,1 i;,. .iua\ int.. Ih,' |,,«n- cr niii.,'r:i1 ,■ t,. the v'l-t. anil t,r yiar- t.. r.,tii,' tlur,- i- la-rt.im I.. Iii> .1 m, at ilfniand f.ir "^'■n ' ti kicii <.ul iiion "f the "Wrong u ruiij; -..it, v.iri. n- i.uiilati.n- lia\,- he i 11 iii.id.- I".nii Sort." maint- witli ,i li.i,I m.a.il ria- .vd, i.r pliv-ical (li-.ihilitii'< lihily to iii.K, th, III .1 hiiidiii I., ihr c .mimitiity i.r ;) di- ur.i.. t-. It. .ar,- k, ;.t ..lit .,lt. ... . tli, r . ,r -hi] pel l.,u k L. l'.iir..pr when ill.' i.Ht- .ir> kn,.w 11 !' li.- al-.. h.a n di ,i,, il that .,r.|itiaiy .■iiiiut ,iiit - inti-t h.i\. .'>J.= 1KI i.di,.iit i?f i-.u'h in tluii |i, .--,---i,,n ,in Rules l.>i,,lii:L! ,.r J.'.i.iHl ,.,h- 111 Jill) if thry K., ,,vn in vviiitiT About r.iit iMitiL'r.iiit- wh.. .n,' i;,.ini; t.. f.irm w,.rk aro -■> liadK Emigrants, uanl.il th.il ih.-y are -pia-i.ally e vnnpti'd f r. .111 tlii- riile. it tlu> h.na -..me d.-init,' -itii.iti- ,ii t.. K" t..--whuh i- •••;> i-.!-\ !.• .■::.;::!;-, .: ;':.■ ( " ' ■; ;t :;:;:r;Tt i-ituiai; nnd ri;.^ h, -t < iiiik;r,. li'.ii .ir«ani,-.ili..ti- ,ilu,i>- Ii.ix.- the nann- .,f ihi.ii-.iiid- i.f farmiT': .-kin^r f"r iMrii Tlu \' iiiii-l .-i!-.. h,i\c the iicrc-^ary mean'; ..f Kottinv; ti. tlu' p. .ill! wluTf I luphiy im-nl awaits them. 35 l! 1- the ' xporiciu-rrl .iiiil .itinlitlccl man, naturally, wh. Worthless i- «:iiitr(l m..-!: and. n, xt t- liiiii. tho man without cxi><-r Labour. irmi- ulm i- rl, tcniiiiu'cl t.. l.-ani aiiw I"iiL'li-hnicn uh.. ,ir.' . f .|niti' .1 difl.-r. nt Men Who M mv m.-i; wh,. ha\.- .-..m.- ..v.-r with.'iit any know- Learned, halt;.- . f f,.riii wa.rl- li.ave hy -h.-cr il.'Ifrmin.Ttion gainrd . \p.Mii'ni-i' i-iiiaiuh in a vrry -iLTt time f.. make them mIm-- h,iL'hl> ii~,'t"iil nn.l ih.-i .{..re lii).'h!\- \:ilnc j.iin him after leay ivfx the army, and h.i- ,-iI... pr..vrd him-elf "the riijht stnfT" \ti'..nL' th.- ..I.Ier inhabitants I fonnd a Welshman A Welsh win. w.-nt ,.iit ab..ut t w.-nty-hve years aRo. without m.iney. Dairyman. .111. 1 w..rk.-d f,,r ..th.'rs till he conld rent a farm f..r himself. Ste]! by -teji he a.Iv.inee.l. till a few y.-ars aeo he was able f.i i.■i^,- ?7.(H)(1 u.ver £l,4Mh i,,r ,, farm ,.f ]H) acres. There he and his tan.ily iise happilx in a cmt. .rt.ibh- h '< Ilmi-c snrri.nnded by its gar- ili-n and be.nnifn! tr.e-: '• An.l iii. ,-. cle'n. tidy people they are." as .me "' '''^ nei,i;hb,,nr- -.,i,l 1, nie. IK ha. .1 « I orchard^ but K"e^ in m.-r.- f..r d.iirvirii; -,-lliiiL; milk t.. the t..wn elo-e bv. and his h.-rd of .■ou-~ mii-t b.- worth $J.(«10 i£4(Kn. An.l h.-re i- an l-iiiili-hman, the s..,, ,,t a N'.irf. -Ik farm A Man I.ibi .ei er. whom I met in Prince Fdward C.mnty. He from went ..nl ,a- a y.-i: ^ man. w.irked f.ir a farmer fill he Norfolk. Conld rent ,1 f.irm ,.| 1.^0 acre-, tahinc it for live years at f'li ,1 ye.-ir. -mil .-iRhteen year- .m.. was able to buy his lir.-ent i.irm of IIJ acre- witii -i sood.-i7e (..vcr .f'^tKO. T.at.-Iy. he bought an.ither farm of UX) acres f.ir hi- -- n. paying .«rtK1 -ay liMJt)') ,.f the price in cash and leaving the rest ..11 ni-'-age .at the |.,w t.ite ..f 4 per cent intere-t. ::erc is a Ic'r.cT ir..m ..i, r.iinii-lini.iii. wiio begins i)y -aying: ■" ( -hall feel well rewarded if this short sketch of my life in the rrovince il' (Ontario would be the mean- ..f encouraging men and families like Mine to -tart for Canada " He and his eldest daughter, sixteen years 36 Pure I^rf.i t.iith '>! aK'-'. ivi'tit (lilt tcigctln.T. 11:" c|.i\ .iftir 'rir .irru.il ill ()iit;irici tlu' father fmind work in a !nr,ct' K'ni-iili. .n^i- --t.'.lili-! .iiciit at 12'^ criit-- (6'4(I ) .in hiiiir. "My iiay a- iiunM-nl year by \ear. The Result My pay after hve year- ua- 2-, n'lt^ an li.mr. The -ainc of Five tirm ncnv pay~ to frr-h ir.. n I? rent-* ("'ad.) nn Ii^nr. Years' "steady work all the yar rfinid \Iy daii^ihtcr smin fnuul Work. cmp1o> iiiont at (^nod pay; Iier pay ii^w is 3()s. per week. It may iIltere^t yi'U tn kii^'W tliat when I got tny first waRe^. all the money I had left vva- 2-, 1 left my wife and ^ix dnu^ht- ers in F.nRland with 205. to g.t ahi;^ with, and had tn support them out of my earninKs. I accepted a U.an of £40 at 6 per cent, from a friend in I'.nRland to enable me to s;et my family — the youngest a baby — out to Canada. In nine mor.tli- after my family's arriv- Anything al I paid the £40 back with f> per cent, interest, and furii- Like This i-hed a home, all pp.id for. m le-- than one year. Xow. in England? after tH-e ycar^ in this eounlry. I have a brick hou-e. two- storey, and a bujldini; It for which I paid $1,210 (£2471, and a valuable -ix-acre pl..t of I.ind for which I paid $l,2fii1 (£24,=1) ca-h down, (You men with prowiii^; f.imilir-. ami thrilty h.abits. can \oii do anything like thi^ in l"ncland:i I .am now working my own land .a~ a fruit farm \ly c!aiii;lilrr- can iom! ple;;iv of work .at i;ood pav." I am alw.iv- on the w.il'li l"oi ca-r^ of the ..ppo-it' The kind -mill who Iiave n..t .iurr.-ded--,ind where corn- Failures, plaint^ of f.ailii'e aie heard tlirv -lionli! b'- honestly ex- amined to di-c", r •.vhal i- .at the bottom of 'h/in. I am hound to say that in nearly e\ery ea-i- the f.iiline i^ dii- to t!ie inan hitn-elf. or ^ometiiU' - to tlie wife, who ha- pf' ad a hindrance in-.tead of a help. Thirty \r,ar~ e-.p.-i! nee oi C'.in.id.i .nid the C'.in idi.iti- coiiiiirN tne to re rci\ e wath the iilniiot -ii-picion the statement- oi ni.-n wit • throw the Id. one ■ f ibci. ..lihiri' on la'her the coini'rv or t!ie peo Com- ide Thill' ail lii.u k -heep .itiionc the C.iiiadi.m^ who plaints. woidil take .iiKiiil.ai.M- of a -triinjrr a< tiiev waiiild of .i f.diow conntt yni.in : but .a mm nai^t be on his L'liard .i^.iin-t ra-e.il- in any coiinlrv. and I know of no l.,nd where the -land- ard of per^-onal hotie-ty i- hitrlvr than it i^ in Canada. There are also cliurlish folk who give snappi-h answers and it;nore the delightful duties of hospitality; but they are theni-elves the wor-f ofi.tr.utcr, and they can bo left -evorely al.>ne. The vast niajor- ii\ i>f Canailian^ arc uciMiiir ly lio-iiital)lc and ipjienhcarted to newcom- iT- \vli( d.. mmI ritluT li.ild :d....t' or ^bnw -i^«ns of ■inestionabic char- acter. I may i;notc hrn- from ;i tew oilier letters sent home to ilu- Oiitarici 'like in I.ondon b\ recent emigrants, who . iiiciileniallv toinli on the reci'iiiioi! L'iven to newcomers in Emigrants. .■ ,, ■ ,, ° that 1 rovnui- ()ne man says:— " I like my place \. r\ ucll I ,im inj.'a>;id for twelve months and I havf lwciil> doll.ir- a nioiiili, ho.nd and lod^iinR and washing. The pcoido arc \. ry nice uitli nic. There is plenty of wnt Ill-re. It .any yonnt; men want to come ,,nt to Canada, tell them to ^i> on the farm for that i- the work tli.i! |iay~ a single man." Anotlur l-jiiili-lininn write-; "I am \r I nad: " I am .iwlully comfortable here, I have pr.ictically the n^' of a hor-e .and lntp;:y whenever f like, and the work, thonuli liiiid. i- \rry mce .and interc-tini;. and they don't i>ii-h at all." \ fourth writer -ay- " 1 am delighted with Canada and its peo pie. and the more I >-ee of it the more it appcrils to me." \ lifth corre-pondent write-: "I think I shall like frnit farming \iry iinich ;ind I don'i thi„l< there are many young men that would not like it It i- much more he:ilihy than working in the eity." To nnil,. Ill, th,_- half do/,M!. ]■.< me ipio..- one otii^r immigrant, who .il-o -etiKd in .1 frnit di-trict: "1 tliink it i- a very nice country. There -.em to he plmly of o|.portiinilie> for one to get on otit here, and I Wonder there :irr not more people coming out. Truly. Canada is a great country." 38 1 I Iitet a vtateinent thai the wano-: Wa^es of of cxiHriinccil lariii liaml- in ()iit.irii. nm trMin $J»i(lll (£4^ Farm l.i$,W(>1 l£(>) a inoiitli. viiih l>M.,rc!, wliili- tlic iiu'x|ii'ru-iu cil Labourers, inrii i.'i-t $S 7? i i'l 1?- l l.. >I?JM» i£. .|i!alr:. all. ii- ! till' applicant ilia! llu- !:t^iir. - ..in .ally l.r appr. xini,. ti' " Thai i- a <.:\T -lat.'iiiciit lif tin- oa-i' \ly ..up iii.|ii:ru - oi.ir nil 111: ..itui.,I • u M-i .. -I. far a-- tln-y l;..: ami 1 .an l;.. a liIlK fiirth.-r A friend ..f iiiiiu' uiili a i-..!i-iil. a ililf .rih im1 nil. ■ !•. House, -..nu' rMiiU .ai iiun Iniiic in ill. ii. ii:lili. 'in li- .■ "1 La h. Ip Fuel, Milk m lli.- Ii.i-i.-l -r,i-..n Tiny \\..rk h> tin- il.i> . lai! h.- 1 . and Garden li.i^ an lMii;'i-hiii.in in hi- p. i in in. ni . niph.y I ■. iin- ni.ni Thrown in. hr pa>-. ?,*,= i i7 d- i .i in. nih. p.r null' in.nili-, •'■■] >_'ii (i'4 .'- I .1 iil..n'!i f..r til. r. -1 ..I lli. >.ai. in.iknv I'"', i-'- ;..v llii- luclvfni..iilh in ..i-h I'.nl in .nl.liti.'ii. llu- man h.i- .i ' \. in ■ .1 >-..|tai;«-. \vn..iMi.il. fn.-l. .i .|.iil> ■[n.,;! •■\ milk, .iml K.n.l.n i:r..iin.l .n.aii;li P. ^rnw all llu- v. t;<.lalik- hr «,inl~ l..r In- l.innly all ir., .•! Hay-making Near Corbyvillc The i.nlinaix wafic .>! a capahk. man in thc-c fruit di-- The tricts i- $2? t.i $.'0 (i7 4- to i'6 .'-.■) a in.mth f..r tlic sea-tui Worker's of eiKhl ini.nlh-. with h.ianl and 1i.(1j,miik'. Ii i- lU't cvory Cottage. farnuT win. ha- a -rpar.ilo c .t^lKc for hi- m.iii to live in, but the wi-il..in .1 pr..vulin_i; :'i- i- luin^' m..ri' .iml iii..ro rccok'iii/cd. If .1 man ha- .. i. imi..r!.iliK' iitth' liou-.- of In- ..wii he i- Ic-- likely to h.ivc .a r. -il<-- .h -ir.' i.. lu.'Vi' .a .viiy. He can lirini; up .> family— which i- .i i,; 1 lliini; for .ill i-..ni a rntal Th- witc ,iml chiMr'H (,in i;il pK'iily ..f luallhy w..rk ah.ni ihi' i,ifnh. .u-r ami orrhanl. wlin li .nlil- c. .n-iiUr.ihly P. tlu- l.imil> im-..iii<. ami ,il llu -..iiU' tun. r. Iii\i- tlu' f.irnu-r of aiiNiily wh. n >Mr,i lulp i- waiit(.l. A Year's inc .a ^o..ii m.in li> ilif y<-.ir. i-v.'ii thontih tlu-rf i- i-..mpai,i Engage- li\ily lilih- lo d.. m ifu- fmir wiiUt-r iii..iitli-. m-ii-.i.l .•! ment. htlinv! him i:.. .at tin- nul ..f the eipht ni.inlli-' -.M-..n and trn-tiliK I'r. .vuhiuc l.i -end am.lh.r in, in in tin- -piing 39 A nowcr.iiKr -li >i,I.| ;ilvvny« try to fjet ,i full year's contract, and if h< i~ really i-..in|Mirtit ho will Kfiiorally -iiccecd in doing so. Hours of Labour. Regular Rest ffours. Effect of a Good System. M,,ri- vl..wly. hut -uri-ly, the f.irincr i' cominR to see tlir .i-Ki- ihility and p. i--ihilii v .>i regular wi.rkinK hours -■• lli:il In- tiu-ii can know ey:,,-|ly wh.it time they will have ffr thfin-olvc-. When thi^ ain..nnt of con'iidcrati.in is -h.avn thcni. they .in- f..nnd to he pcrf(clly willing to give the extra time iic((--ary in tlie hii-ie^t part nf the •-oa^on A fanner win. Iri- ad-jifeil ihi< vy^totn on his combined dairy and trni; farm telN me ;hat the rcMilt In- b.-en alt. aether ^;,,od "A neigh- ■"•nr ..f niiin'," he ■^avs, "keep- hi- men at work a* long as '" '■■'" 'l'lie> are ..ften nji nl f.qir; they do not get any r.-t time afn-r breakf:i-i, ti,.r ,, I'nll h..nr at noon. The con- -''imii'-e i- tliry ,ire lir.-d all the ii— On my place we -l.irt at live, take a full h-iir at I>reat:fa-t anci another hour at dinner time, and kn.uK ..ft atjain at liv. . after whie.i there's n.ithing t.. b.- ,|,,ne except th,- .nrning inilkmLe The w. .rk is better d..ne. and ll'r mm are ^ati^fied, " I liave m\er li.i.l :iny I'.uible .-.b..nt help, and I h:\ve llir.'e m.n wli,. Ii.ivc bi-en w Ih me f.ir eight years. (_)ne rea-.,n f.,r th- tronble -nme f:,r;,ier< have is that they tnrn men adrift f..t the winter I alvv.ay- give a yearly contract, an.! taereV en.iigh w. ,rk in the winter to make it worth wlnle 1 have »;ve men in rent-free houses. The foreman gets $.12.s 'E'v 14v> a year, a h, n-.' w..rth $I(K' (£20 \U.) a year, and a garden Willi II w.rt.. ..f fruit He hav two cows of his ,nvn, besi.les pigs and p. nitre. Kaeh ..f the other men get $27.=; (£?7 C.) .i ye.ir. with a house and garden, and 1 keep a e.,w f,,r ihem. F..r eight months in the year I emp!,.v extra men at $1 2.^ (.s.. 2d.) a dav. All the men at present arc Canadians, but I ..ften had Englishmen and Scotsmen, and when they are u-ed to the work they arc as gooil as any." The Old-C.iunfryman who wants to take up frnit-grow- mL; under tli.- be-t c. mditions, with a practically certain I'r..-p,-et ..f -neee m the world. However cnlWlent he mav be in his own judg- ment, he will be far better .able after that experience to judge between the vari..iis . r.hard lands offered him. and to make the "''"■^ '"■;' "->^' "f ''"■ l.-iud when at la-t he buys. As I have said Ha-..tc Lciis h.-;.,i. . u!,,,t ,- w..rtii iiaving is w,)rth hunting. A new- Speed. cMuer may possibly run acr.>.;s "the very place for him" bef.ire he is a week in the country; hut he is far more like- ly to get it if he has chosen it deliberately, fr.mi a number of places oflfercd, after cireful investigation Farms come into the market for 40 The Poor Man's Op- portunity. The Man with Capital. various rrafon";. In a new country, for oni- thinR. the Why prople nro not so iininovnbly r-otcl to the ^pot whi-rr Farms are t!iry live .-is they often seem to h,- in the Old C 'iiiitry A for Sale. ni.-m tn.iy h.iye a very vronrl fnriii, hnf he lias no licitntion about vcllinu it at a proilr if lie tliinK- lie cm afforil a In-t ter one. Moreover, healthy as a farmer'- lif'- i-. In- o.iiinot live for <-vit, ami when he dies someone el-e inn-t <\c\t into lii- j.l.in' Vrrv roni monly the farmer retires froin tm-iness uliile -till li.ile ami he.irty. having made plenty to live on withont workiiii; t.. tlie end of his ilavs. Thousands of the-c retired f;irnii'r- ni.iv he f.iind Inoi^; in ;>e.ice ami eonifrefir- to L-ct a tenant, or to entrust the farm to a practical man who will w rk it "U "-h ire-"-- that is. the own- er and occupier dividini; tlie procii-d- of the cff^p. This Farms gives an oiiporttinity to the experieiun-d ni.m who is n .t to Rent. (piite ready to buy a jdace of his own. Most of the farms in Ontario, however, are the freehold of the farmers who live on them, and nuist of ilio men who ro there froiti the I'niled Kinij- Successful Celery Growing Mc.ins L.;r^c Protits. di'ni will be |,;!ad to I'md tlienisch c- in a country where they can be their own landlords. Tile cai.ltai ri.|Uircd ^.irics ii.,t ..niy ,..cC' Capital kind and si/e of farm and biiillinv;-. but Required. whether the buyer wants to nay e.i-li in full ineiit- The -elKr i- neneralK liiiile ui'lii .r.li 1^; t.. III. 'u'Ci .nlim; t. or K t in ill -la I . t,.ke 1 41 morfRiiKe for the grratcr parr of the prior, charging moderate interest (I inf nti..iir(I Kur la-c iTi wliicli tin- r.itr was a- low a< 4 per cent, bnt 5 or 5'4 per rent i- more ii-iial ..n amounts loft owinn). There are piciily ..(■ reputable Irii-t oonipaiiics and in(li\ iihials always rmilv t.i ailvaiK-i' uionoy on mortnaKe. if the seller insists "11 ca-Ii il..\vn, S"Tnc fanners ^ay they tini\ ](,. , an acrr " " My fatlur tufk a farm ■•! Ill** acrr-." -a\- an.il'.ir I'ricii'l. " w.irk (■(1 il c,\ir lliirlv > ha^ inaih.' ciii'iiirli li' niaki- a -.uh-lantial payment mi aiciiunt." We are all 'orts. we Old-Country f( Ik h"i>r a tew a(h a iitiirons spiritp, nothing will do hut the wild wc^t — though nowadays they have I 43 to K Pml wildiu-^ even in tlu- west K^r llif ordinar' man. ospciiillv tin- family m.iit, with r a i-lca'atil limine ami CMnKcnial occitpaiion in . wrll M'ltliil ciiiniiiiily. I can inl.l^;ll1<■ um liaiipicr I^t lli.in llic life of at api'Ir man en I.alonrcra and domestic «cr vant- Tills inrtndp- 142 cnipl. ■> nirnt at"'!!!- Tlir-c a^;rnt>- keep in fMrninl in rcL';iri| |i' l:il>^.iir rc.iiili'i. .n^ in tlicir di-trirt* Thrnin;li them tin- li .1.) im; a-,^riit- ii- ihr Cnitid Kined<>ni are ailvi^ed where lahoiir i- re.|nircd in .vnh'r llin' tin- iumv s,.jil,.r, tnav Iw tinnked tn pnjnfs when- wnrk ran In- sr.'nrr. \'li 'ti nrw srltl'-r- arr hociked, t'le honkint apent- 'iinl iii.tict- i ia:'.i- »■. the C,, ,\ ,■• •inuMil Kmiilnynient AKeiit in thf i!i-trirt t.i wliiiii llir -itiJiT i- k'"i"k!. '" 'lint the employment atrrnt niay Iia\ .■ tiim- ii . !■ .. ■!■. iIk iit I'.ir a -ni'alil.- pi ut f. ir the ih'wc. .nicr Tlii- -crviro i^ paid fi.r mtir. h h\ tlii- ''.« .v. rnnii-nt . nn fees i,f am kind arr rharirrd tin- ni \v arrix.il IMMIGRATION REGULATIONS. I^vrry iiiiniit:ratit arrivint: in '.'.in 'da ba- In cMmr np \" t!v phv-i ral. mental ::nd iii'Tal stand ltd- p^r ..rilwrl hv tlio Canadian Itnniicra- tii'n Act. cillnrwi-i- !u' er sh,- i^ r. I'liscd ailmittanoe. rRoiur.rrKii n. \s«fs. Tlie fidlnwitii' rla-s,>. are alisnlntrly niidiihilcd tiy llii- \i i from enterine Canada' — Persons Mentally Defective — (a) Idiiil-. indvrilc -. fn tilr mi'iilrd i>i'rsons. (■idl^'ptics. iii«nne piTscin-, and iiir-r.ii~ wIim liavi' tven iii-anc williin live yoars previous Diseased Persons — (t)"i Persons atHic-letl with anv l^.allis..nii disease, iir willi a di* ease which i' contairionc or infections, or which may become danger- ous to tile pnldic health- Persons Physically Defective — (c^ Tinrnieranl- who an- rlnnili. blind or othrrwi-ie physically de fective. unless in the opinion i>f the ininiicralion antlmrities they have snfTicient monev. or have sm-h pr.ifcs-ii.n. occupation. trar . f tin- Tnt.-ri.T r.iriin' s,ioh iniinicrants hpcom- inp 1 public chnrpe. Criminals — I'd"! Pcrs.,i,s ^^■h.. h ,y .' U,....x .-, ,,; vitt •■(! !■( anv Lrim- involving- moral tiirpitnde Immoral Persons — (el Prostitnte- and u..ni'n anil ^tirls coniint: to Canada tor anv inim..ral pnrp. .-e. and (liinp- .-r per-"ns livinu .n the avails of prosti- tution. 44 ""I Procurers— (f) I'er-'ti- »h" pr.M-iirc ..r :ilt.nii't !■■ Iniiik: irt. C'.m.ula (.n.^ti ■ ,:>e- or wciiicii .r.iiit- 'T pcr-.'ii^ lik.-K I.. !i.-...ini> I p'llilii- cli.irBi' (hi ltiit''ii!r:ii'l- Im wli.ni ii ■ tn'V hi (>■ m i;ivii .t I ii.'i! 1>\ .iiiv ,-h;irit;il.Ir . irL'M.i/.iti. .ti f. r the "v.r; ! . .Mlilmt' 'licttl I mIiIv <• .r lai-i'iiip ill CaiKMhi iiiiil.T thi^ Avt, ..r wli..-c |ia--.iK»- t.. IViii.u!.! hi- ho'ii I'.ii'!, wh.'Hv .T in pari l-y .iin rl'iiii il'I.- . TwMr.i.'.iti. '11. .'r ..tit .f ,Mihli.' iii-ii'-\-, iiiil.^- i' I- b^wi tli.H lli. .nth.^ritv in writinir "i t'l-- Siiin'rinfend.'nt <■! Imiincrili' 'ii. "r in iM-'- "f ptr-n- C'lniPtf li^'iii I'.iir.ipr, the .iiithi.rit\ in writint! .'f ih.- \ -i.l.iiit Siip.'rintn ili'iit ..I I".i!iii;r.nti..n i..r {'annihi. in I.r.|i.l..ii. Ii:i~ li.'t-ii .lii.iipi'.! !• r lli- hin.lin.,' m C.iii.hI.i i'( -nch prr-nn-. am! that -lU'h ai'tlP'ritv hi h"' " i.'''l "p n viillMii a poridil i>f -i't'v ilay^ iht-r.-aftt-r li -h.'iilil he p..intiil .'i;! that l!i. I'l- ! ilnti.^n in ri'^ai.l (.. charity anh-d iiiiiiiiv:rant~ (hic- ii.'t appiv in .. .- wht-rc iii..ii,'% i- piivi'rii, I.Mnod hv •■lit" mdniiliiil !•. aiwitluT h a (li< ; fianger- 1 Where Lu»:ioui Orapcs Thrive Abundantly 45 \fONT:Y Ql'Af.IFMCATIONS. 'I'lirrr rirc ,-,Ti..in n k:iil.ili..ii- riL-irilinp the amount of ijionpy im iiiiur.iiits nni-t li.i\ , in llirir |., ...,■--!. ti hi nrrltT to fircntnc eliijihle to iiitir CjtM.l.i llnwrviT, Ihrr.- ,-irc Mv,. .ti'-c. ,.f imtniKrant> wh.i air r^(•lll|.f fr..in iIicm- r. >.'iil.ili..i. ■, Tliry ;irc: I Mnle inuiiicr.-.iii- U'iiMi to ,i--iirrcl cmpl.iymfnt «t f.irtn wirk .iiitl li.uiiii; 111. in, .111- i.f r.u-liiiiy llir iil.ur .,f Mich cmplovmrnt; fr iii.ilr iiumiBr.uil, uoiii*.' I.. .i^.iir.-.| .■tiii.|..yiTifnf nt (!omc,Hc .rrvicc anil linint: llic iiUMii- ..f rr.-uliiiii; lli,' pli.c.- ..f -lu'li riiiploymcnf. -'. \ri iiiimiyr.iMt ..f .my ..f llic f. .11. .uiiii; rle-oripli. .us K.iiiig to r. -l.li- with .1 ,, I.itiv,. ,.f ,.i.r ,.f 111,. f,.ll,,wiin; .l.-.Tiption- (wh.. i^i al)l,- .11.1 uillii.i,. I,, ..ip|„,ri Mi.li iMiini«r.,iiM :iim! Ik,- iIip jnc:tu^ ..f roadiing 111,- 1.1.,, .• ..f r. -I.!, II. • ..f -lu-li r,'I;itiK,- — \- W'l', t'..iiii; I., lui-li.iiii!; n Cliil.l i.".iiii; I.. i..ir,iit: (' l!r.i|luT ..! -i-liT f.iiiii; I.. Iir..tliir: I) Min.,r L.,.iin; i,, Mi.irti,,! ..r iml, i..iulf nl -i-ter; I- -I', Ill-Ill ^■.•iiiL' I II ..r ,l;iii^;litir; \11 ..lliiT ininiit;r:iiit- iiiii-i .-..niply witli thf rf>.'iil:ili..ii* r.i;:ir.li!iK ""•'"> 'ii'ilil'":iti"ii 'I'll, ;.iiip..-.. ,.f ilic-o reBiil.Tti..ii- i- t.. iir..viilo lli.il 111,. II, vv .irri\.,l will h,,M- ,n.,ni;h iii..iu-y t,> niriiii^\iii lii.. ..-If until 111' li.i- li.iil mil,' I., l..,,k .,l,..iii f..i -iiii;ilil,- fmpltiymcnt. 'I'lic rii;nl:ili,.ii- pr..\i,l,- ijiit tli.' iinmijjrant niu'^t li.ivc in lii-i nr li.r i„,--,--i.iii .-I, the lini,. .f ;irnvnl a -pcrif'icd -iim of money hi'L-nR- itiK •ili-..Iiil.'ly t,. -lu-li iniiiiiyi.iiii Tlic anv.nnt v.irip- with ilie season of .arriv.il Tlic r.'mil.ili. .ii- ,m1I f.,r - M.irih I -I to 0,l,,l,,r ,11-! $j; (£5) \..v,-inhrr 1-1 t., I.i-I .lay of Fcbniiry . . . . $50 (£10) \ii.l Ml a. Mill. in I., -lull iii,.ni-y llip imniiRranl iMii-t have a ticket oi a -nllicicnt -imi of iii.,n,y wiilt wliicli to inircha-e a ticket or tr.msport to hi< or lirr (!c=liiiaii,.ii in Can.ula. In 111," ca-,- .,f a l.iinily , TiiisjratiiiK' l..K,ilier; it i- not nece>sary I'l.ii ) in regard to each adult of ciuliti'iM v.:ir- ..r .,vcr in the tamily; $12.50 (£2 10s. 1 in rcparil t.. .-.icli |.ersi n in llic l.airils Ic-- than eighteen years of ace \..vcn!t>,r l-i I.I l;iM day .,f i'.-hnMi \ - $50 (£10) in regard t, I'.i, ...lull number ,.f ihc l.iiiiil.> : aiul $J5 (£5) in rc«a'-,i to each child. .\n(i thi- money innsl h,- p.,--(.-scil in adilition lo tickets or a pum of ni..ncy e,|iiivaK-iil I,, the c-l of Ir.an-p.iri f,,r all members of the I. mills lo their pl.ic,' ..f d, --1111:111. .n in I .n..-. , NOTE. i i..ni iiiiiv to time niiii..r v.inatioii- in:i> I.e nia,Ie in the restrictive rci:nlaii,.ii- in acL'ordaiicc wiiii \ar\ing conditi. i- and eircum>^tances. l-'nil iiiioniiali.in in rcKar.l l.. tlu--c and any oilier features of the Im- iniKr.iti.m \ct may he ohiaiiied by applying, to any of the Canadian Government Immigration Agents in the United Kingdom. 46 i CANADIAN GOVKKNMICNT AGENTS. ' li.r.n.liiiK -.-ttl.r- «..i!l.l ■!.. v^.-ll. I„ i..i. .1, ■ i.Iiiik "l-ii .niy iMrii.n l.ir l.'i..!il\. ti« ciMi-'ill ..|ir .1 lit!' I'.H' •.!i-in l'.- \ rriiln. • ' \i;iiil - lii tlir ; |„ilr.l kirK.|..ni. --'i.. mil •luhi.iit ,! in;.-, tlclly k;i^ , .ith.-r iht-.h f ,|U ,.r l>y Irtlri, nil .nut nli.iMi' ilct.iiU rrn.ir.Siiin iim [...int iil>"ii AJiu-h intciiiliiikt i..I.iniM- .1, -in' iiit.-nir'tiMit I'li.- t..Ili.wini! i- .. li-l I !l!c Citi.Hli.ui r,..MTiitn. lit A^'^ni. iti itio Inii.il Kinu''-'" — EnK'and. \|. 1 ()|t!'l> SMITH. \--i-!iiit MijM nini'iiiii 1 I "I I tinkri iiii-n. II 1JI< ni.iriiiy Cr-->. I..'ii>l"ti. S W Mr \ I MRS. t>: I. .'Ill >': ■ •. I.U' '■("■"I Mr IKIM (.■ \M IT.I I.I.. 1.-" V'mi i-i .i ..ii .n -• . Itirirn . i.iin Mr .|i>ll\ (.' \l\i) \1,1'.. f^l ijii. . 11 Mn-. 1, Iv.'.r Ml ll \V. Kl'KK. !. tn r,iu u ly. C.ti-tl. "- ikIi M, !■. M. I.l'i ih -4 I",,-'!. Stp . t. *.■ .til-!'- Mr I. la'KNI'. I 1'. !'• r.irli.itii.ni Slri>... \ vk. Wales. Ml, S \V I'CC.II -> -"' lli^ili Sur. 1. (.■..rilit! Scotland. .Mr J. K. MIl.l.XK. H'-" ll-l"-- Mu-ot. Gl.i-g.,w .Mr. I,. I. .\Kri . I i; \l.l>, ''•'< I iifii Sti'-fl. At). I'lciii. Irelanii. Mr. Jiill.N \\ i:U.>ri.U', 1"!'' \Kt"ri.i Stm!. l',clii-t .Mr. i;1)\V.\K;) > )'i-. !-.I,1.\ , 44 I'.w-.'ii .-^'1.1 1 l)iil>liiL NOTICE. The CaiKidian I niini«'';iti>iM Ueiiartincnt Uc^ir(•^ ciiiiKr.i:!- .m! li.MikiiiK aKiiiis til di-tiiKily iinil^T^taml that it i;. ii.^t rc-i'<"i~'''l'' '"'' any stattiiients made t>y I'.mpluyiiient lUircau!, t.r < ihcr, in llii I lutf! Kiiimiuiii, aii.irt irmii tliu^c coiiuined iii pniitcil iMinplilcla or tircitl..i- ..1 tlio Department. 47 IMPORTANT FARMERS, FARM LABOURERS and FEMALE DOMESTIC SERVANTS are the only people the Canadian Immi- gration Department advises to emigrate to Canada. All others should get definite assurance of employment in Canada before leaving home, and have money enough to support them for a time in case of disappointment. METROPOLITAN TORONTO LIBRAR> / 789 VOCE '"TDRONKJ M4W2G8 M m'^s^