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 A HI5TORY 
 
 
 ,>s3i=s:^»^^i^.'¥. «^-;^'V..v. v;'^^SsiS(r>s^^>^!i#*^^ 
 
 OF THE 
 
 /> 
 
 AMHiEaST BAPTIST CHURCH, 
 
 ..4 w^ ^ 
 
 TO WHICH IS APPENDED 
 
 i. 
 
 k 
 
 K 
 
 CAN 
 
 .A5I 
 «28 
 
 Historical Notes of the Town of Amherst. 
 
 BY REV. D. A. STEELE. D. D. 
 
 ) PRINTED BY CLAUDE DEL. BLACK; AMHERST, N. S. 
 
 1895. 
 
/ 
 
 ^.r 
 
 AMHERST BAPTIST CHURCH, 
 
 RHODES, CURRY &. CO., LTD. Builders, 
 Amherst, N. S. 
 
 Dedicated Sertr 1st. 1395. 
 
 HARRY H. MOTT, Architect, 
 St John N. B. 
 
T.r^;:ntnsgm^^T 
 
 h 
 
 m\\{}mw €o\kiV ft tbvacu 
 
 JOHN JAMES STEWART 
 
 COLLECTION 
 
 
 Te^. n /^o 
 
 
 CAL NOTES. 
 
 Baptist Church. 
 
 by the fire which consumed Moffat's Block (a large woo Il-u 
 
 present brick block) in 1SS7. But from the miiutes of the 
 
 een enabled to draw up the following account, wiiich we be- 
 
 tutionofa Baptist Church here, but it is just probable that 
 lis by Rev. Jo.seph Crandall. In the year iSio the Baptist As- 
 f, was held in Sackville X. B. The ms.s.sengers from Amherst 
 mian. The memljershij) is reported as 15, the snudlest on 
 ; Digby Neck. 69 ; Cornwallis, 56 ; Xewj)ort, 90 ; and Ilorton, 
 ;rship of 924 for the two Provinces. This iSio minutes is 
 r. Rand's Jubilee lii.storical sketch 1.S49,) a memorandum of 
 'hich no mention is made of Amherst. 
 
 since, from which I learn that at the beginning of 1S19, the Rev. 
 i;, h I lb.ijii ordiiue.lan evan.felist in Cornw.dlis wis engaged 
 tester, half the time ai Amherst for fifty pounds ($200.) Two 
 
 
■ri0\ I jAv^^K^' fr^'^'ff^'^^^S^ ill 
 
 AMHERST BAPTIST CHURCH, 
 
 Dedicated Sept'R 1st. 1895. 
 
 RHOD'^S, CURRY & CO., LTD. Builders. 
 Amherst, N. S. 
 
 T 
 
• • . HISTORICAL NOTES. • • • 
 
 The Amherst Baptist Church. 
 
 TliL' records of the church were all destroyed by the fire which consumed Moflat's Block (a lar<jc wo(j1jii 
 structure conijjrisin.iif several houses on the site of the present brick block) in 1.SS7. I?ut from the minutes of the 
 Association, and from private memoranda, we have been enabled to draw up the following account, which we l)e- 
 lieve in the main outlines to be correct. 
 
 iSio is the date jriven of late years for the institution of a Haptist Church here, but it is just probable that 
 the church was orj^auized a year or two earlier than this by Rev, Joseph Crandall. In the ye.ir i.Sio the Baptist As- 
 .sociation embracinji: Xova vScotia and Xew Brunswick, was held in Sackville X. B. The messengers from Amherst 
 are there given as Thcmas vS. Black and William Freeman, The membership is reported as 13, the smallest on 
 the list. l^ackville gives 55 members, vSalisbury, 4A ; I)igl)y Xeck. 69 ; Cornwallis, 56 ; Xewport, 90 ; and Ilorton, 
 
 The I 4 churches reporting have a total memership of 924 for the two I'rovinces 
 
 This iSio minutes is 
 
 270. 
 
 the fir.st printed, though there is e.xtant, (in Rev. vS. T. Rand's Jubilee Historical sketch 1.S49,) a memoramlum of 
 
 Ivlder Ivdward Manning of the third .se.ssion, 1S02, in which no mention is made of Amherst. 
 
 Mr, Cyrus Black drew up a sketch a year or two since, from which I learn that at the beginning of 1S19, the Rev, 
 CiiAKMvS Tlim'Kr, w'.ioeighteeu m )n .lis 'je "ore, July iHi 7, h 1 1 b^ju ord iiiie.l an evan.jelist in Cornw.illi-i w is engaged 
 l)y the churches in Amherst, River Philip, and Westche.ster, half the time at Amherst for fifty pounds (5200.) Two 
 
years later he removed to Amherst from River Philip. In 1.S20, at an Association held at vSackville, .Samuel Mc- 
 CuUv was ordained. Tie was a farmer livinj,^ all the latter part of his life at Amherst Point. — The old residents at 
 that place tied to sav that he tauj^ht them everythinj;, how to farm, how to be Christians. Tlie foUowin;,- year 
 the.se jjood men were united as co-pastors — thouj^^h Mr. McCully's labor was given {gratuitously. Throuj^h the in- 
 terveninji^ years till 1S40 the numl)ers .ljo up and down. In iSiS the re])ort says 23; in 1S24 10, shewinjf that 
 
 discipline had been applied ; in iS;,o, ^o, (hvindliuij to 26 in 1.S37 ; in 1S39, there are but 29, so that the number 
 had not <piite doubled in 30 ye.irs ; in 1S41 the number falls to 2S, but thereafter a steady increase shows it.self. In 
 1S51, Ills number is 112 ; in kS6i, 216 : in 1S71, 262 ; in iSSi, 315 ; in 1.S95, 4S4. The depletion by dismissals to 
 churches in oilier ])laces. especially to churches iti the United .States, goes on with unvarying regularity, otherwi.se 
 the present total would l)e much larger. .\s has been noticed, the fir.st pastor was Charles Tu])per, I). I)., wIkj.sc 
 ministry extended through a period of 32 \ears. He was not continuously in oHlce for that time. In the year 
 
 1.S26, .Mi. Tupper accejjted a call to (iermain St. Church St. John. lie returned to Amherst the ne.\t\-ear, Mr. Mc- 
 CuUy perforuiing the dutiesofj)astor meantime. In i;i33 Mr. Tui)per accepted an invitation to the Tr3-on and Ik-deque 
 field, P. 1'.. I., but returned to Amherst the ne.\t \'ear ; from that time to 1S3S, he and Mr. McCully wereco-])astors, 
 wlieii Mr. T. took charge of the Baptist Sjuiinary at I'redcriclon ; thence to .St. John, remaining away from Amher.st 
 about two years. .\fter this time Mr, McCully's .services were .solicited by other chiirches. lie preached a great 
 dei'l in .Sackville and .Shepody. Mr. TujJiier continued jjastor until 1S51 when his resignation was accepted, and 
 he removed to Melvern S(iuare, Kings Co.. where he labored until his death in Jan. iSSi . Dr. Tujjper, was a .self- 
 
 educated man, and by diligently using his time, became a linguist, far surpassing many college bred men. His 
 
 diary fur Dec. 22nd. rS59, contains the following entry : "Fini.shed the perusal of Luther's Cierman version of 
 the Bible. I have now jieru.sed the whole of the sacred volume in eight languages ; these are Hebrew, .Sryiac, 
 (ireck, Latin, Italian, I'rench, (ierman and Ivnglish, besides the New Testament in .Si)anish and Portuguese." He 
 ])ublished e.\i)ository notes on the .Syriac version, which, says his c()utem])orary Dr. Cramp were very liighlv ])rized. 
 In addition to his other studies he read largely on Theology and ICcclesiastical History ; wrote almo.st numberless 
 
 
^1 
 
 \ 
 
 .articles on Hihlical subjects, startcl and edited the first dciioininatidiial i)cri()dioaI, the Hai'TisT Mac.axini:, published 
 two or more controversial works, travelled far and wide as ajjent for the CiiuiSTi \.N .Mi;ssi:n('.i:k. and was .Secretary 
 for the l-'oreij;!! .Missionary Hoard for many years. These fads tell their own story ; tliere is no need of embellish- 
 
 ment. Such men are rare in any country. >Siich was the first pastor of the .\inherst Clnuvh. 
 
 "At this time, the people had n^l learned Uiat llie support of the (iospel is a pari of religion, an<l the pastor's 
 salary being small it was neces.sary that it be supplemented from .S(mie other (|uarter, " says Mr. Black The 
 
 ■■su|)i)leinent" came, we presume, from his salary as teacher of the j;ram mar School in .Vnilurst, and alsi' from a 
 farm which Mr. Tupper owned and worked rear .\insley lUack's. 
 
 Durinjr the pastorate of this scliolarly man the church raised funds to aid in translatin<.v the Scrijitures into 
 Hurmese ; ( Dr. Judson "s Hible, ) and also forwarded one of the llrst contributions from the Maritime I'rovinces to 
 the .t;eneral i)ur})oses of the Hurmese mission. ileal.sowas one of the first Temperairce Reformers, and formed 
 
 herein iSy) a Temperance .Society. 'i'he dcj^ree of I). 1). was bestowed from .\cadia Colle<je in 1S57, and it was 
 
 worthily won. Hesides beinj^ a liteiarv man, he was one of the original ])romoters of that Instiluli:>n. and foi 
 
 years one of its governing Hoard. 
 
 Ji>ii.\ I'u.VNcis was a man of an entirely dinVrenl n ilure, a Wel.shman, warm-hearted, (nial, but not <listin- 
 guished for .scholar.ship, or })ower of interpretation. He iiad the gift of exhortation, however, and oilier good 
 
 men, assisted him on sjtecial occasions — Kevs. W. (i. Parker, Wni . llohiis, Jolin Rowe, and others. .\ number of 
 conversions were the result. The Meeting Houses al .vai'ieisl Point, Saleir., and Warren, were built during the 
 
 brief pastoi'ate of this zealous brother. He could not be h.-id wilhin tlie bounds of an\- chuix'h, and would leave for 
 
 a week or two at any lime, if he thoughl Dial Ihe Lord re(|uired him elsewhere. His labors closed, in 1S5V He 
 
 after various vicissitudes, settled in .San P'rancisi-o l)eing connected with Chinese work there, and died there several 
 years ago. 
 
 Rev. ICr.isii.v Hrnn l)i;.Mn. 1,1; was oidained jiastor at Amherst iir 1S53. He came of a literary family — his brother, 
 James De.Mille winning a good place among the scholars of the day, being al.so a voluminous author in the lighter 
 
lilcnitmv. i;. H. liad stii(lii<l tliiiL- yens at Aradia, had .ijraduatcil at liniwn I'liiwisilx after oiK' years' rcsid- 
 
 cnru ; and spent two >cars in cxchisively thcoloj^ical studies at Newton Centre. Mass. l)esides siipplenieiitin);- his 
 studies hy travel in I'iurope. I lis preachinj,^ was of a hijj^h order, and the ehureli was oonsiderahly enlarj^ad ; 1)Ut 
 
 after three \ ears service he liad the misfortune to lose liis wife and ehild. (lie had married a ('autihter of Lewis 
 
 Johnston, M. I).,ol Woll\ille. ) liis sorrows weighed upon him, ati.l his lieallli ij^ix in;;' wav, he left at the elose of 
 his fourth year. During this pastoiate tlie I'huteli pundiased from W'ni. DeW'olfe for ,{,400, or Si'x'o, a lot of two 
 
 acres, with dwelling"' h()U,se and liarn, for the residence of the minister. 'I'he house served its purpo,>'.e until iSSi, 
 
 when a new jjarsonaj-e liaviu!;' heen Imiit upon the preii'-'ses the old one was .sold. Koads throu.uh the jiroperty, and 
 another sale of a ])art of a lot, have son\ewhat reduced the ori;,,nual estate, hut it is still a handsome property, and 
 has L^reatly increased in \alue. Mr. De.Mille dieil in Si. John in iSfi;,, where he nad liullt up a strong intenst 
 
 wliicli to.)k form ill I<jinster ,Sl. C'rirch. I) irin ,^ tlie interv.d b.tw.'cn pastorates. Uev. 1). McKeen and John 
 
 Miller were i)artial sui>plies. 
 
 I'rom 1S57 to 1S61, Ki:\-. J.\m);s 1{|)W aiu) H.m.c'om w.is ])astor. lie had studied at Acadia Colki^^e, and was a 
 
 resi)ecta1)le preacher, and a wise leader. ile also had a Missionary genius, xisitius.; .idjaccnt districts, and hein,^' 
 
 the means of j^reat hlessinjf. 'I'he church was cousideiahlN increaseil. During; hi.'- ministry the pastors salary 
 
 was raisetl from S400. to .S500 : also hoard or residence was pro\ided. .Mr. 1!. was a^ent of .\cadi;i College, 
 
 and j)astor of one or two churches, hut died in middle life at llantsport. 
 
 Rev. (i. 1'". M 1 1. i:s succeeded to the pastorate in iSdj, retaiuiny it till iS()7 when hv .i;ave uj) the charL,^e 
 throu},d) ill health. Mr. .M . was ,1 son of thunder, of line presence, and social in his m.iuuers. Duiin.t; his 
 
 ministry a ])owerful work of j^race was carried lorward. and man\ were added to tin.' church. Mr. M. died in .\m 
 
 herst I'el). 19, iSi^o, aiL,a'il 6S. 
 
 'I'he present incunU)ent Rev. I). .\. Si:i;i.i-: settled lu.re in iSh;. lie has liecn ((lustautly ,it work 
 with the exception of hrief vacations, for needed rest. The church has i;rowu nunurically. and the 
 
 ^nfts and j;races of the members have heen develoi)ed. I'uder liis ministry there have been marked periods of re- 
 
 vival ; in 1S6S, when ;vi were added ; in 1S74, 2;-, ; in 1S76, 54 ; in i.SSo, (^Kev. \V. (ieor.ne, assistinij) 21 ; in 
 
 I 
 

 : i' -f-j^v^!^'' 
 
 t 
 
 Mm ' ' 
 
 
 /.^K 
 
 :^ 
 
 f' J^^' 
 
 
 
 Rev. Charles Tupper, 
 The iirst pustor of the church. 
 
 Rev. Samuel McCully, 
 One ((I tli.* minister.-i oj til.- church. 
 
*3 
 
 iSS;,, I). L. Chuhl.urk assislin^r, S; : in iSS;„ 29 ; in 1SS6. 20 ; in iSS,;, ( Rl-v. I'. M. SaiuukMS I). I)., ;issislin-) 
 S2. Hut thtrcl):i\c also Ikcii linit-s, not (luile so uiarkL- 1, wlit-n IIktc- has !)ecn a jrracious inlhu-iKv pi-rvadin-r 
 
 the conKRj,nition, rcsultin-- in many conversions. Tlie benevolent spirit has been -reatly (leveloi)e(l the eon-re- 
 
 ^ration tnakinK a .uood show in our denominational reports, and a correspond in.ir increase in all our home work. 
 The pastor has made it one of the features of his ministry from the l)e.<;inninK- to .i^nve sjjecial liiblica! in.struction 
 to the youn.t,r people. On occasion of the completion of tvventy-five years of service by the present pastor, an ad- 
 
 dress was presented, accomi)anied by a silver tea servic-, with hamlsome salver and erne do/en silver tea- 
 spoons. 
 
 The church havin.u' several branches, assistant I'astors have been en.i^a.sied since 1S72. 'I'lie first was Rev. 
 
 (i. (). (iates, then a student, who si)ent three months with us. Since that time we have en-a.Lred the .services for 
 
 a l(,n,<rer or shorter i)eriod of many weil-knowri brethren, anion- others are Rev. I. R. Skinner, J. I. DeWolfe, \Vm 
 C.eorHe, C. R. White, C. W. Corey, .\ . J. Kempt.m, J. II. McD.mald, and H. C, . Ivstabrook. Much of the elli- 
 
 ciency of ttie ditTerent d(])artments is due to these brethren. 
 
 Rev. Isaiah Wallace an<l Rev. I). C. .McDonald hav.' also assisted in holdin-- special services. 
 
 T in; Mixi.sTiCKs who have been liceii.sed from this church are Ilibbert lilack (deceased,) Rev. S. .McC, 
 Hlack, ,I.:<litor .\Iessen-er NMsitor,; j. II. Pipes (deceasel,) Rev. .Vb.^alom I'..well, Rev. W.dter S. Hlaek. Rev. Charles 
 .\ . b;aton, Re\-. Ceo. Lawson, and (ieo. H. Cutten. 
 
 The church early laid hold of the Srxn.w Seiiooi, ICntkui-k iSK, and there are now live schools nieetin.u' 
 regularly, the largest of course at the centre, one at the Point, one at Salem, one at Warren, and one, the residt- 
 ofa volnnteei moveme,;t in the South of the town. Am.m.u" many devoted teachers, special mention mu.st be made 
 
 of Mi.ss Lizzie Skimming, who cmdncted the infant da.ss for .sexenteen years : Mrs .\u^Mista ilardimr, who re- 
 tired after thirty years .service ; and W. M . Read, whotau-lit for twenty-live years : .M . 1). Pri.le after nilinu tiie 
 otriceofSui)erintendent for fifteen years, ivsiir,,,. 1. ;„„! ,vas succeeded in i.S.m by P,. W. Ralston. ( )tir children 
 
arel.-ainc,lto,lc<licMtclluMr„K.ins to (;.l-f>r th _■ tlnv. qu irtcrs of ,S.^5 ti,.y Ii;n,v oonlril.uted ovor .m-l al.nv 
 their own vvorkin.L;- cNpeiisLS, for .Missions, Iloinu an! I'orfi.Lrn, say Siou. 
 
 Wo.Milx's M issi(iN.\i<\' All) vS;)(.ii;tv. 
 
 iM-oni 1S7,,, tlic w.nnenoftlK'e-on-rL-alion havrh.vn nniud f.r proinotin- tlK" causf of Clirist annm- Hr- 
 hcatlR-n nnd.a- th.- nam..- of the Won.ans Mission Ail S .cicty. At that time Mrs. W. l'. Arnistron- (nee Xorris) 
 
 nile.1 Willi Missionary enlhusiasni, proceeded extensively to onnuiize tiiese societies. Onrs was tl^e second thus 
 
 formed. Of late years the (nion has also rai.sed monies for Il.niie Missions. The amount raised durin- the 
 
 year en.lin- Julv iS,;,-^, was lor i-orei-n work. Sij^.f.^ : home work $99.00. The year heiore the total wasSu'-- 
 
 47- Hesides the !)ecuniary adv.mta-e ,.f tlie.se As.soeialions, much -oo.l cmies. .sociall v and spirilnallv totho.se who 
 
 thus ass-mhle to hear what our mi,>sionaries are doin;;- and sufferin-. and to pray for the l.lessin- of Kcaven to re.st 
 u|)on the labors of His servants. Often 
 
 Christ Himself draws near 
 .\nd makes tile little hand c<unidete 
 
 The Society eelehrate.l its 25111. anui vensaay in July last, with ai)i)r..priale .services. 
 
 ■".xi'Tisr voixc, "i:()i'i,i;'s rxio.x. 
 
 Our historv orc,)urse, cannot iuclu le all our doin-as a church, hut a line must he.oiven to the I!. V. V. V. 
 This is a Iniou of the yonn- people for social and spiritual services, for hard study and for a.-nessive work. This 
 IS part of the lar-e movement aniono- the y,mii.- .,f all <lenominations ; but adapted to ,mr own deimminational needs. 
 The .stron- point. ,0 far, has been the line of sacred slu.lv pursued under Rivs, j. H. McDonald, and I! C, . 
 Iv.stabrook- study heartily imrsned bv th.' y,,un.4- people in ,,11 sections o( tlu cliuivh. It has resulte.i in a .-o.".! 
 
 deal of hone.st work, and the results will be seen in the Baptists who conie after ns. Honorable ivco^niti.ui of ,,ur 
 success has been tliiee times awarded. 
 
THK OKACOXS cV TIIK CHT-RCII. 
 
 from the beginnin<r to the present date are as follows : 
 
 Thos. ICnibree, Thos. vS. lUack, Win. Donkin, Wni. L()<^an, H. B. Ciitten, \V. iMieze Black, Cyrus Black, Sanuiel 
 Ta\-lor, Robt. McCuily, Moses Lowe, Thos. Lusb\', A. S. IMenkhoriie, Robert ICnibree, Torry Bent, Jus. M. La\-ton, 
 Thos. R. Black, George Christie, Wni. Read, ]M. D. I'ride, Hugh Lo.gan, I). F. Quigley. 
 
 The L'l.iCKK at this date is James .MofTat, the TuivAsiKicus, \V. M. Read, and B. J. Kawson ; the Assistant 
 Pasior for i.Sy4-5 is Rev. II. (i. l{stabrook, A. B., who has rendered efficient service, especially in connection with 
 the Sacred Literature course of the B. V. 1'. I'nion. 
 
 i'i.Aci;s oi" mi;i:tin"c, . 
 
 The congregation at lirst worship])ed in private houses, the old fathers preaching at .Sanuul iMciiuan's, 
 Luther I, usby's and others, also at times in the old court hou.se on Lawrence St. But in i,Si9a movement was 
 
 made to erect a meeting hou.se, which resulted in the building which stood until 1894, on the site of the North 
 end of the present stone church. 'This site was kindly offered by Philip I'reeman, " (the price named in the 
 
 deed, ^'5. being we presume only nominal.) The rules and regulations drawn up in the clear handwriting of 
 
 Charles Baker ICscp, llun Registrar-of-deeds, that 'the Ba])tist Society of Amherst have the ai)])ointment ot trustees," 
 and "that the said meeting house, when not occupied by the Bajjtist minister, shall be open and free to any denom- 
 ation of ministers (o(V) wishing to ))revent none from "appro ichiiig the throne of grace, and mercy for forgiveness 
 and solvation," The fourth regulation is -'that each sub.scription of above five pounds be paid in money, butter, 
 or neat stock, the stock to be at the valuation of men chosen by the parties ; if under live pounds, to be paid in 
 nu)ney or butter ; provided that any person may take a job or contract for materials or labor, with the trustees, for 
 a part or the whole or their subscription. " The conclusion is worth copying, as shewing the social slate of things 
 at that dav ; . . 
 
«-l.i|. or,-,,,,, i„ u,is .„„„s„i„ „ „,.,,::'■"""■ '"'"'"' ""■ •"-""-•'y -'« '-'- "-"» net a„„n f.r the 
 
 "'■|".l"i-v,„-s tl..c™t,J,r. :, J^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ■-.■enceofK.i,,,- „,..,..„. „„„„„, 
 
 ...K a,,., aKr.d„« ,„ .„. a„„v. r..,,,,,! , '' .""""'■^ ' ""■ "'^' ^"""— ' °r» '■■""■••*k- a work, appr.n- 
 
 »all„rc„..l,„ni,,ir,,e,„,„i„ati„„,„s.eu,ca, ■...,„..,, V ''•■'^^' '»""-■ ■'"'"■1 '" '-"ling cl.araotas of llKir 
 In the Ilccl of Trust r„r this ,1 t , i ";""'"' '' '"»"-■ "' "-.ashi,,, a,„I „f thei,- lK.„ev„ka,t spirit. 
 
 >"■'-' >•>■ -he,- p,-otesta,,ts;a,,,ti::"r:f ;;;:;"'■ '■; t: ""■ '■""■'"■ "■" ■^•- '■— sh,,, ,.. .,,„. 
 
 i'«., has .„e si„,„t,„,. ,„,,„, „f i,.„ , ;^' "^ : «;- '" k ""' r™ -rta,„ ,-i..i,ts , privi,e:«es ; a„„ ti.e 
 
 ■■ ^^":-'=^:::z-:;:=~^'' - 
 
 :-c:£;S:=~-"~ - - 
 
 Charles I laker, • 
 
 I'atrick Sullivan." 
 
 \\ <■ ni\-(.. this iiDle vcriiaiiin 'rh,. ,. , i ,. x • • 
 "■--■'■ I'"' "- .a...-e«-e„e,-al „,e „, ., J:.,:;^. "-''■'""'•""" ''^ ""'""■->■ -' "".".^.1 '-< .he , .is. „se,„-.„e 
 
 ":i:..=:i---:r:£i-r,-r-::.-,,.,., ., 
 
 lo 
 
THE ABOVE 
 
 is Thmii .1 sua]) shot by Kodak of Ihu first 
 
 iiiL-eting house, built in iSiy, the honit' of the 
 
 ISaptist CIiuR-h foi fourty-four years. 
 
 BELOW 
 
 is the second House, built in 1S63, and 
 vacated IS94. 
 
m 
 
the lower lit-r hnt\ soj^iiR-nl lojis. The first ])ul])it was of the stilled sort in vo^iie in those days. 'I'he eost of the hiiildinjj; 
 
 was about 52(xx). lu this hiiildinij, consistiii.^cf ;! siii.nle roJiii, were c()iidiK-te<l all the services of the i-huroh and Sunday 
 
 School — for in the t'ourse of Years, as other ilenoniir.alions ])rovided i)laees of worshi]), it eain.' into tlu' hands of t'l' ISiptisls 
 exelnsivelv — uritil 1.S63, when its sneeess;ir was ereeled on an adjacent portion of the same site." 
 The .same gentleman ^ives the followin.^- !)nef outline of 
 
 Tillv SIX'ONI) lUII.DINC. 
 
 "This was considered a quite ]nvtentious edifice as church architecture went, in our X. S. villa.^es, _^2 years a,i;(). It w.is 
 in plain reclar.tiular form, Sox. 15, with basemeiu ve.Ury 40 fi. square, and .s^lorieil in a lower and spire which reached ,111 .altitude 
 of I v ft. from the iiround. 'I'his church was dedicated June yth., 1S63. It cost i^S.txx). and seated 60:1." The s)iiri\ which 
 was iiijuriiiff the Iniildiii.n, was taken down ;n 1.S74. 
 
 There was a good i)i])e oruan. wiiicli. with asceiidin.L,^ .seats for the clinir, was at the hack of the jn-eaclier. 
 
 .Mr. J. A. I'.h'.ck, heiii.u the presidin.ti' ue lius for ,V) years. 'fiiere was a periiiaiient readin,;.:; desk about four feet 
 
 wide, on which were jilaced laiuiison eitlier side of the Hook. At the opposite end was a crescent shaped .t;-al]ery. 
 
 The windows had each tlie fi}j;ure of a dove de.sceutliuij:. Tiiere were inauy notible .i^atlieriiiLCS durinj,'- tlie thirty 
 
 veans this huildin.i;- was occupied, As.sociations, and one iv;4\dar Convention, but tliere was an assenilda.ne of histor- 
 ical interest, a special session of Convention, the only one ever held by the Dencnuination in tlie M.iriliine I'rovin- 
 ces. The occasion was owin.i;: to a crisis in our iMirei.^n Mission wcn'k. TIk liajilisls of the lower Provinces 
 
 had. in 1S71 inau.ijuiated an Independent mission to the heatlien. They were previously for many years eni.,ra.<jed 
 
 in this work, under the auspices of the American Baptist Missionary Tnion, who.se headtpiarters are in Hostoii. 
 
 But it had been determined to found a mission of our own ; to this end missionaries had been aiipoii.ted, but it took 
 .some thr'.'e years and a Ljood deal of our urmus, to liK-ate this mission. Several lirethren explored Siam. lookinir 
 for a larye tribe of Karens, to some of which jieojile in Burinah we had contriliuted for years. These brethren 
 
 reported tliat these Karens could not be found in such numbers as to warrant us in placin.i!: our forces amoui^ahem in 
 Si:im. The l-'orei.nn Mission Board, as well as the Missionaries, were in perplexity; there were sever.il courses 
 
 u 
 
m- 
 
 oi-unn,^- t„ us ; ,„u- parly .Icsn-.d to local, in Sia>„, an.l I,, vndcavuur lo n-nvcrl ll.c Sianuvse- ; anollK-r parlv lI,ou..|il 
 .1 would he helUMln continue wIrtc wc ha.l spuU ,so n.uch strength alrea.Iv. i„ Huru.ah ; an<l a tlnnl pa"ilv 
 slron-K ur.Licl, (the Haplists of tlusc ITovinccs to unite with the liaptists of Ontario in prosccutin.- their op " 
 at.ons ai.ono- the Teloo,,oos in liritish India. Ju.l.,e McCullv . the President of the Convention (a native of \ 
 herst, and a lornuT n.emher of this church, , with the advice of other I.rechren called a special session of Convention 
 to meet with Ih. A u:.e:-st church, on M , ,■ ■3lh ,S-, T ..reap ,:, a lar;,eau:! representative ..alh.rin^ appeare 1 There 
 were the venerable men hend.n.i^ under the hurden oi advance.l years. Rev. [)r. Cram,,, Rev. Charles Tuinjer 1) !)■ 
 and Dr. Spurden. .|u,.ticc- McCully. still Idufi and hearty, thou^^h .rowing- old. At the head of the brethren' in 
 
 .secular hfe uere Hon. Dr Parker, alwax s to the fr< nt in our a.^semhla-e and Stephen Selden ]■>;<, IMitor of the 
 MKSSKX.KK, Hon. A. McP. Seeley, Rev. W. P. i^^erett. the Secretary of the Foreign lioard, and other ueH-known 
 brethren Iron New Ih-unswick. The youn-er men cauu- in lorce, R. M. Kin^ and Rev. W. il Warren b in..- inin 
 
 SecretarKS. The gravity of ih. occasion was seen in every countenance. Rev. J. P. Campbell, SeJietarv 
 
 ol theO. and (). Papl.sl I-'ei-n Mission Societv, came lo consult in behalf of his brethren. Alter discussin-ahe 
 .natter Iron, Wedne. lay at | p. n,. until Frid .y at u„:,n, it was <lecided that .mr missionaries be instrucie.l u.occupv 
 a ,,art ol the leloo^oo !,eld, acting in harn.onv with our brethren in Onlano and Ouebec. This was accor.lin.-dv 
 
 adopted as the Porc^^n Mission Policy of the Pody ; and it has maintained a hu-e stall' in India from that d.v "^ ' 
 
 MORI': KooAi i)i:siK.\r.i.i.;. 
 ]-or years, the Pastor and active niunl)ers liad a desire lor enlar-ed acc( 
 
 muKdation. Many conferences were 
 
 held upon the sn'^ect. We thought of purchasing lan<l at the back of the n.eetin^ house, but this was not Visible 
 
 Pinally. (we (juote Mr. J. Alb't lllack.) ^asujie. 
 
 "It was 
 it.'- work. 
 
 .k.c,ded to erect a subslaulial structure wo.tay of the body an.l supplied with all .nodern f.ciliUes fo,- carrviu-. oa 
 A.conh„;,ly, plans were obt.„K.d..-o„,di,T.,.ma.chilect.i„ Canada aad the V. State., and a subsc.iplio^ iLl 
 
 •9 
 
opened. Willi (iiuinics of s])knili(l red s;iiidsloiie within one and a half miles. ol)tainal)le at 5^. a ton, while in Toronto llu- 
 
 jmce is |i6, little consideration was reijuired to decide in favor of this material. The plans a(hniral)ly desi.i,'ned l>y Harry II. 
 Mott, St. John, we'-e accepted, and the result is the s])lendid ])ile shown in enyravinji as Tm: i'Ki:si:Nr i;i>i i-ici:. Thv first 
 
 sod was turned on the >'\h. May, iSy4, ))y .Mrs. Sarah McCully, Mrs. N. .\. Rhodes and Mrs. C. H. Smith, each of whom has 
 snh.scribed >5<jc) to the huildinjf fund. 
 
 Till-; j;.\ti;ki()R, 
 
 it will be seen, ])resents a most imi)osin.i; appearance, ami des])ite the very large ,<rronnd area and only moderate altitu<le, has 
 been so judicionslv treated bv the architect as to ])resent admirable jjrojjortions from all points of view. The main dimen- 
 sions are : I,en.i;lh 122 ft. ; averaj^e width 70 ft.; heights of two front towers to to]) of iinials 100 an<l 75 ft. respectively; from 
 ground to a])e\ of roof 5<) ft. The street facade, with its ])retty turreted towers, its finely ])n)portione<l gable, its magnifi- 
 
 cent central window, and its three s])acious portals with their red granite columns and carved ca])itals, forms an architectural 
 picture of .-itriking beautv and harmony. The end elevation shown towards Victoria S(|uare, and the sipiare tower rising 
 from the roof at the we.st angle, with the judicious placing of the windows, also gives the building an attractive a])p.'arance 
 from another ])oint of view. The masonry of the walls is random-counse, rock-face, ashler-jointed, set in I-higlish cement, 
 and is of the most solid construction. It is relieved by tooled cornices an<l door finish. The friezes of upj)er cornices are 
 
 handsomely carved in bas-relief. The ]K)'--i'Hd columns of N. H. red granite which adorn the portals have handsomely 
 
 carved capitals of samlstone. I''our of these columns are at the main entrance, and two at each of the others. The.se have 
 
 been fnrnished bv C. K. I'reemau, left of vestry entrance, C. H. Waite of Hoston, C. Iv.. the right hand column, two children of 
 Samuel I'leeman, right main entrance, the left by M. Clair Mott ; the out side pillars by Rev. Chas. A. hlaton. The pillars at 
 the northern entrance, have been fnrnished, the right by Bessie Curry, the left by Ivlgar .\. Rhodes. S.'veral of the windows 
 are being sui)i)lied for memorial i)uri)oses, by Sir Charles Tupper, Hart.. 1 in memory of his father. Rev. Dr. Tui)peri, T. R. 
 lilack, .\. .\. Rhodes, C,. H. Snnth. The headings of the lower windows in u])])er part of towers are of neat design. 
 
 l'eoi)le who are averse to climbing into church or lowering themselves into basement vestries will not have the.ve excuses 
 for absenting them.selves from the new edifice, the acce.ss to which is perfect, and there is no reason why an ordinary congrega- 
 tion c.innot make it-^ exit in three minuLcs, doors all o])eiiing outwards. 
 
 13 
 
tin; inti;ki()k. 
 
 'I'lu- Mstrv was ;i]>imui1 for sirvioi', Marili ki, iSy^. It is on a luvc'l with the main aiiilicm'i' rnoiii of thf iliurrh, witli 
 
 which it will lit.' couiu (.It-d hy Inldiii}^ ilnors.to admit of its si.'r\in;,' as an atiiKx in i-asc of very Iary;i.' oonj^reifations. It occupies 
 the north-wislern extriinity ot' the huildinj^, with its ])rinci])al windows lookin;^ ii])on \'ictoria S(|uare. 'I'lu- entranci- is at the 
 southern an.iile of the hnildinii, Ihronijh a corridor <.) ft. wide containing,' staircase to second slorw ( )n the main lloor are: 
 
 lACturi- room, 4<ix,^7 i the si/e of \'. M. C. A. hall >, and two class-rooms at rear, each 23x15, with wide risin.;^ doors l)y which 
 connection may he made with tlu' leclure-rooui in case of l.irjie inei'tintis. There is a movable ])latform, 6xS. The ceil- 
 
 inj^s are 16 ft. liiKl'. finished in nini' dei'p ])anelsin whitewood, varnished. The walls are wainscoted in liirch. Windows of 
 
 iliamond ([iiarry .tjlass, with the (|uatrefoils enclosed hy ornate tracery at tluir heads in a delicate heliotro])!'. The old ]ioem 
 
 in which the sexton is ])laintively hesonjiht to pro\i<le a few whilTs of fresh air will have no ap])lication here, as in addition to 
 the \enlilatiiijj; shafts for o])eratinj^ the Smi-a<l Systini, theri' are numerous hintjed ])anis above which mav he o])ened at will. 
 The doors throuf^hont are of H. Columbia red cedar. The corridor, whose ceilin>f is also ])anelleil in white-wood, and iMch 
 
 alternate width of its birch wainscotinj.; has its surface concaved, ])re.sents a novel and ])leasinj^ effect. 
 
 Ivisy staircases at front and rear lead to tlie second story of the ve.stry, wheri' a s])acious corridor across the whole build- 
 in.!^ K'^'*-'^ aci'ess to additional rooms for the Sundav Sch.ool work connected with the church, the extent of which is indicated 
 b\- its membership roll of 450, with ,V' officers and teachers. There are two rooms 23X 15 each, one f^ox 1 1 , one 30X 15 '2, and 
 
 librarv room .i<'x<i. Here is also a }.;ein of a room 1 2 ft. in di.-nneter, in the circular tower over the main entrance ( the central 
 
 door in the en,i;ravinj^. 1 It is lii^hted by four windows with outlook ii])on Victoria Street. The ceilinij on this flat has a 
 
 lui.uht of [2'z ft. and is ])!astered. Tile wainscotin.i.; is in Cumberland ash. The flo.)r is well deafened with mortar. 
 
 ( )iie of the Robb luigineeriiifi Co's 35-hor.se jjower Hconomic boilers in the basement sii])])lies the sti-am by wliiih the 
 building is heate<l, and the Canada Ivlectric Co. has its lamps distributed throughout the building. 
 
 Till'; MAIN .\1 Dll'NCl'. K(H)M 
 
 of the church is reached by the central ami eastern entrances, ihe latter giving ready access also to the ])ul])it, choir, .ind the 
 
 rooms .set apart for jiastor, choir, robing-rooms for ba])tismal candidates, and lavatories, all of which ari' in the north eastern 
 
 ])orti()n of the edifice. The pastoral room, which occu])ies the lower space over the eastern entrance, has a beautiful location. 
 
 The main audience room, 60 ft. s(piare, with a height at some ])oints of t,-'2 ft., is unbroken by balconies. The great 
 
 14 
 
 -1 
 
witli 
 
 ■a 
 f 
 
 REV. J. H. MACDONALD. 
 Assistant Pastor. 
 
 REV. D. A. STEELE. D. D. 
 
 Pa.sior 1S67 iSgg. 
 
 REV. H. G. ESTABROOK. 
 
 Assistant Pastor. 
 
H 
 
 
 1 
 
cxpaiisi- cit" i-i'i'liii)^, uliii'h is j^ahlf-rool'i-il, ami fiiii>lK'cl in paiulliiiji, is ri'Iii\i'<l by many aiij^Us. A ^trikiiij^ fialiirt- of tin- 
 
 iiiti-rior will 1k' the iiia)fiiilii-fiit wiiMows svliiih will oimipy a iiiilral i).>silinii in i^itlu-r side-wall, laili. hiini; 22'<\i2 ft. 'I'lu' 
 i\Milral one t'rontinj.; llu' stri'cl, is calk-<l tin- Deacon's window, from tlie fact thai llu- Di-aconsof llir rhurcli haw jilaciil it 
 tlu-n.'. 'I'lu'si.- aiv llankt-d on (.'illuT side !)>■ windows 14 '..X3 '.', and llii'si- hy others, ;!',\2'... I'n !n the platform 
 
 to the re ir of lii.- a-.idit>riuin ihj ilo >r will inclii? ui)-.vart-i lw.> fe.'t. The s.Mts, w liie'.i will I) in semi-eircK's, will 
 
 he in direct eoiilrasl to the pi'r])endienl.ir-l)aeke<l ones of old times, and insli'ad of fnrnisliini; torlnre to ovi-reonie one's s])irit 
 of devotion, will ])ro\ide a n;ilural atti.nde which will contrihnte to the rece))tiv'.-mss of the listener. The scats and hacks 
 
 are of ])oplar, shajied, and the ends hanilsmiely finished in ([uarlered oak. The walls will he w.iinscoted in l)iri-h. The 
 
 ])idpit ])lalform will ha\e an elevation of 3 ft., and its fror.l will he hnislu-d in tracery in cherry. The i-hoi, .and ori.;.in loft 
 
 jnsl in rear of this will he 2 ft. higher, and ha\i' a lloors])ace 2j\i,s. .Vccess to the rooms se;).u-ali'd hy the ornandoft isohtai 1- 
 e(l h\ a jjassaj^e under the sami'. In the ])artilion wall at the riyht of llu- ndnister is the h.ipiislry. 
 
 The sealinji capacity will hi- : Church audiloriuin 700 ; leclmv-room 250; annexes 150 ; total I kki which may he incri-as.' 1 
 in enur<feiicies hv 2(X). The aiidii'iice room is illuininaleil hv one central i-lectrolier, and a sm.-dler one ahove the choir. 
 
 Till-; 1!.\si;mi:nt 
 
 is ixcav.iteil ihrou.i^hont to a di'])th of 10 ft. It c intainsa dininj.; room 2,^x 14, kiti'lien, and hoiler.and fuel room,-,. I )t!iers 
 
 ma\' he added as reipiired. 
 
 ('.i;xi;uAi. .NoTi'.s. 
 
 ■>; 
 
 
 The huildin,!.; connnittee consists of j, .\\ard I'.lack, (',. H. .Smith. M, I). I'ride, N. .\. Rhodes, and tlie chnrch trustees. 
 'I'he unusual i-ourse <.f ajjpoinlinj.; a chief otllcer of the coiilracliuii comj)any on this committee shows the confidence t\ jxisi-d in 
 Mr. Rhodes. whiK- the results fully juslif>' the course taken, as he h. is manifested a readiness to have everythint; doiu- to ensure 
 the acme of com])leleness. 
 
 The east corner stoiii' was laid July 61I1. 1S94. with a])])ro])riate ceremony, hy Miss .\nnie Hickman, assisted 1)\ Cintractor 
 Rhodes, Deacons T. R. Hlack and W. M. Read 1 treasurer 1 and .iccomi)ani(.<l hy services, conductetl hy Ri-v. Dr. SteeK , assisted 
 l>v Rev's J. M. McDonald, and S. McC. Black, and the choir. 
 
 The contract i)rice, exclusive of seatiiii; and heatiui^ apparatus is ^^27.595, The huilders were lately ,L;i\eu the seatin.y 
 
 contract ,it 5i,i<x' 
 
 15 
 
The (iiianlity of sIoik' usol is 251x1 tons, aiidol" I rick jooM. It will la' seen thai. -ithiT thiii.ns heing v'\\\a], the (hlTcrins^ 
 
 o)st of sloiK' Ikto aii<l ill Toronto wonlil inake tlic saiiu' htiiMin- cost tluiv #62,595- Aiiiln'.sl tlu'ivfoiv, is iiiosl fortunate in 
 
 haviu.u Iniildin.u stone of the liesl (|iiality within easy reaeh, ami at the i)iiee of brick. 
 
 I'aslor and eon.nrt-'Kalion have worked to.nelher harnionionsly f<M- the desideratum aimed at, thoroii.t;h ii])-to-(late eiiiiij)- 
 nieiil for ehiireh work. Very little elTort at ornameiitalioii has he.'ii made, the iiurjiose heiii.t; to have a snhst.iiitial. eoiii- 
 
 modions, and eonveiiieiit hou.se of worshij). ( )utside of the tiiaiu essential— a liberal siihseiii.;ioii list- the ]KMM.steiit yet 
 
 indioious e'forts o." l';,slor Steele 11111st hj awanleil the greatest eredit for brilii^i 11,1; aboi.i Uie uiidi, taking;. The siihseribersot 
 
 ^2(X) aii<l u])wardsare : 
 
 T. R, r.lack isi,s<Hi Cliatles Christie $500 J, S. lliekiii.iu S-'5,<> 
 
 N. A. RhoiU'S i.soo Je.sse Hunlin.n- 500 T. S, Koiiens 250 
 
 jaiiies Moffiit i<'«)o C. T. llill.'^on 500 A. 1). Ta\lor .-^o 
 
 M. I). I'riik- I'KUi Mr,s. S. 11 all MeC'.ill\ 500 W, M. Read .>oo 
 
 ' '1. H. vSmilli K'"" Mis. N .\ ■ Rhode.s 5011 I>. W. 1 )on.i;las 200 
 
 la- or Nal Ctirrv 7.Sk Mi*^- <■■ '*■ Sinitli 500 A . M. iMveiiiaii 200 
 
 > ark Ctirrv, ("«> Sir Cliarles Tupiier 500 Miss .\nnie llieknian 200 
 
 C \v Chrislie fioo Dr. C. O. Tuppe'- ;i5<> Seaman I.owe 200 
 
 Amherst H. V. V. V 5i'o J. Ale.\ Christie ,vh) SlieriO" I.o.uan 200 
 
 R. ]■.. Hlaok kii^' '• ^' ■ Ooatt'S ,v>o Miss Ivli/aheth I'a.u'e 2.k) 
 
 Torrx lieiit .=;"*) Jauie.s Curry 2-,o I'lank I'aiiv 200 
 
 j Avard Hlack ,S<><' .Sanmd I'lTcinan 250 
 
 Without smaller sums this makes a tot.il if 516,750. 
 
 The nil mhi'is of the building eoiniiiittee have boeil uneeasin,^ in their .itti'i'tions. and tluy, ihe eontr:.etors, and arehiteet 
 have workei. toj.;vther harmoniously, all ai>i)ai-entlv with the i)uriiose of doin,i; the inos; ,iaii)le justiee. 
 
 The stone was sui>i)lied bv the .Vmli.rst Red .S indstin ■ Co. the bailor by the Robli IvnyineiM-in,,' Co.. th ■ pijiiie^. radiat- 
 ors, ete., b\- S. I.. I.iwson X: Co., who also did I'l.- tittin.i; of s in.- ; I'l? h ardw.ire which is of th.' 1 it.'st d '-liuta for k h'.ii-.li 's.ai 1 
 in keepiu.u with the wo ) Iwork. w IS sp.'eially i n;) irl.' 1 by Dni'^lis X; Co. ; ih" wirin.n and ele.-trie li-iip^ are sai>pli.' 1 Iiy o;ii 
 Canada Mleeliie Co.. and the work done under supervision of (i.-ori^f HilK'oal, its i'iaiia,i.;e» . 
 
 16 
 
 at 
 
. . Jr>25o 
 • • • 250 
 . . . :;5o 
 . . . ..'()<> 
 . . . 200 
 ■ . . 200 
 • . . 200 
 
 • . . 2nu 
 
 • . . 200 
 . . .2,10 
 
 • • • 200 
 
 Whili' Mr. Rluxk-i ir.aiiitaiiu'tl a )^oiu"'al siijicrvisisii of tlu' work, \\. J, Horn was t'oriMi. .1 of tlu- iiiasoiiars , A. S. Ciirry 
 of i-ar])<.MiU\ . Tlic ])lasl(.'riii); is by I'ostir Bros, Tin- work thr.i.i^'ioiil is of that hi^li t-harai-l.'r for w'lii'li I'il'uK-s, Currv 
 
 iS: C<>-. liayi- won a rt.-j)utatioii, 
 
 Till-: mi:m()ui.\i, windows. 
 
 On t'Titorini; tlie main btiildiiiij: by the larjjjc lowtr, as wc look to tliL' riijlit, tin.- hoantifnl window t-rected hy 
 vSir Charles TnpijC'r, Hart., to hi.s father, Ri'v. Charles Tiippcr, 1). I)., meets llie eye. The apostle Matthew is re- 
 pre.seiited as holdin.i;- the ;.j()Spel Hook, and above, an an}.jel with a scroll, "Mook of the ijeiieration ofjesns Ciirist. " 
 It is a chaste production, and si^nilicanl of the character and labors of the hist pastor of the church. (it is to be 
 
 lioped that some Iriends will supply a m^'iuirial of the rem liniu.A' dcco ised pastors, jolm iM.incis, ]'.. H. DeMille, 
 Jaine.s, Iv. l^alcom. and(i. ]•'. .Miles. The church should not allow the names of her faithful servants to pass into 
 oblivion . 
 
 The Second window is also of a nn morial character, erected by .\melia Jvmbree lilack, to the uii'mor\' of lur 
 liusband, father, mother and sister. .V beautifully dr.ipj.l li^urv' is represjiiled iis standiui^- with sword on the 
 jj^round with the ap])roi)riate legend, "I have foui^ht the jj^ood li}.jht. " 
 
 The larj^^e and hi};hly ornamental window in the centre of the front wall is called "The Deacon's Wi.alow." 
 It contains the names of six of the Deacons of the church, who have subscribed to its erection, M. Lowe, .\. T, Iknt, 
 T. R. Ulack, M. D. I'ride, \Vm . Read, C. \V. Christie. .Ml but on -• are livinir, Moses I/.)we, \-.^i[.. wh > had that 
 
 characteri.stic of the ollice, "j^reat boldness in the faith. " 
 
 The smaller lij,''ht next to this is also an ornamental windo.»', the subje-. I beiu^ the Hible and the Sword, .and 
 the inscrii)tiou, "The swonl of the vSpiiit, which is tlu' Word of ( od," ])res(.'nted by i). H. vSmitli 
 
 The witulow nean.st the east door is i)laced by X. .\. Rhodes, to the memory of his only daughter. < )n ll;e 
 
 oi)l)osite side, the laiii^e window in tile I'eiitre is also ,in ornamental window, shedding a softeiieil ii,i;ht. It i~on- 
 
 taius certain reli.i^nous symbols which will interpret themselves. Readinji them from Kit to vii;lit, we have Alplia 
 
 17 
 
and «)iiie>;a, the first and hist k-tlcrs of the CrvL-k al])hahet, representin': onr Lord Jesus Christ. IJftWL-en these 
 
 is the Altar of Sarrifice, the first synilu)! of worship, "Abel offerini^- the more excellent sacrifice ; " next the ark 
 fitting ie])rese< .ative of the Church of Cod, •'wherein few, that is ei^dit .souls, were ,saved by water." The 
 next i)icture isthat ofthe lyreor harj), si,L,niifyinu: prai.se ; and lastly, the lamp of incense, meanin-- i)rayer. 
 Tliis window is the .i,nft of \V. A. Marsh, Ivscp, the son of Rev. David Marsh, formerly pa.stor ofthe Haptist Church 
 in the citv of (Juebec. 
 
 Till". ITI.l'IT ITKN'TIRI-; 
 
 has been manufactured l)y the Rhodes Curry .S- Co. (limited) from polished oak, without u])hol.stery, yet like all 
 the.seatin,sr etc. of tlie church, handsome and ccmifortable. It is the .>,dft of I'ben l'elt(m and others. The c(nn- 
 
 munion table is the K^ftof Mrs.W. b". James ,nee Fowler) of Hermada, and others of the l',)wler family. I'orthe pres- 
 ent, the con.yreuation will dispen.se with an or^an, instrumental music beinj^ supidied by a I'iano, and a larf^e choir. 
 The four Silver Collection Plates were presented by Mrs. \V. M. Read, and the larj^e Mat at the main entrance was 
 sent by Mrs. Waite of Boston. 
 
 The opening .services will take place on Se])teinber I, 1S95, when the Rev. A. W . Sawyer I). 1). , I-. I,. 1) . , 
 I'residentof Acidia rnivers:t>; will preach the sermon of Dedication. Rev. C.eo. O. Ciates. .\. M., I'astor of ( ".er- 
 
 main St. church, St. John. N. H, tl e first of our assistant;;, will i)reach the eveiiin.i;- sermon, Rev J. II. Mc- 
 
 DouaM. late .assistant jmstor, has written ;;n approriate hymn for ihe dedication , services. 
 
 The story of ei,i;ht\-live years has been only hinted at in the foreji^oiny notes. They are the merest indic- 
 
 ations of struii'^le and advancement. The full account is recorded elsewhere. H\e and-bye we shall be called 
 
 iijion to shew what part each one took in the up buildin.u of Zion. 
 
 Now, O Lord, Let thine eyes be opened and let thine ears be attent to the prayer that is offered up in this place. 
 
 18 
 
i 
 
 /v. A. RHODES. 
 Khodca Curry & Co., Ltd. 
 
 H. H. MOTT. 
 
 Architect, :^t. John, N. B. 
 
 NAT. CURRY. 
 Rhodes Curry & Co., Ltd, 
 
 VAVOH OF AMMEHST 
 
• • 
 
 . HISTORICAL N0TE5 • • • 
 
 CONCF.RNING THE 
 
 Towr;) o? Arnl7erst, ]4ovoi Scotia 
 
 BY REV. D. A. STEELE, D. D., 
 
 PASTOR OF AMHERST BAPTIST CHURCH. 
 
 1395. 
 
Introductory Note. 
 
 The following pajzes Jo not pretend to he anytliin^r more than notes on the History of Amherst. They 
 have been tiirown together in a hurry, Doubtless there are mistakes, and important events may have been 
 overlooked. The compiler believes the saying, that a historian is seen to best advantage, when he does 
 not appear. He has endeavoured to repress his own sentiments, and to give the bare facts. There are 
 
 materials lying about for a more complete history of this district and its surroundings —one of tiie most 
 interesting in the Maritimes—which may yet be gathered and placed in a more wo- ly form before those who 
 delight in historical inquiry. 
 
 Our thanks are due to Cyrus Black, Esq. now of Boston, for many intesesting facts ; to J. Albert Black, 
 Esq., for files of THE AMHERST GAZETTE ; to John Hamilton, C. E., for a tracing of an old "Map of the Basin 
 of Chignecto and its t-nvirons from a French draught, with the surveys of 1775, by Capt. Lewis;" to Judge 
 Morse for information as to localities, etc. ; to Hon. Senator Dickey, Jas. L. Purdy, Esq., and others, and to E. 
 J. Lay, Esq., for valuable notes on education since the adoption of tlie modern school system. 
 
 ^4 
 
 -^ 
 
. - HISTORICAL NOTES • • 
 Town of Amherst, Nova Scotia 
 
 The town of Amhhhst, Nova Scotia, received its name fron. JeiWey, Lord An,herst, who w=. a notah e I ^ur. 
 ,„ the conquest of Canada, being in conuuand at vhe second seige of Louisburg. ' -^- '^^ f '-' ^ ""^;'^/;^, 
 
 According to map and snreveys of .755- there were three small settlements on the hne of the present road 
 following the marsh, occupied by the 1-rench. ,,f tt,^. Vn\ni 
 
 iMrst the village of Wehekage, (the Mic Mac name of the North-we.st sule. the s.ntth-east su.e of the 1 omt 
 being 4 ; Ldrbo h). At the lower part of Amherst Point, ,s still pointed out the site of the French church, 
 
 ^:::Z .uJ.. the min may still be seen on I . De Mill Korresfs n.nn. There were ^^^ '^ ^ ^ ^ - 
 the road leading to Sharp's creek. The second village, La Butt, was sUuated near the present toun of An>herst, 
 
 I.A lU'l'T 
 
 is»iKniSc„„.lvmnrk«l-b„™fM.r„>,a„ly.,y„nU.r„f.lK. Al.bc ,. tre. TK- ''""V^^'l^^.'^JI"",';:;; 
 
 ,l,„marM "bnrnf winch see,„» t„ l,av. 1>«t, two ...iles „„rth-east. at Hk- crossing to l-„r l-"«""; "" 
 ,"w at U,.hers., b„. i„ .be „cisbb,.rho„,l of J„b„ .unbree's. The vilbtR. extended scut .vest. ,.n,b b > 
 
 : faras a;a,ard l.-ree,„n„-.s. Re.nains of this road, wc think, n.a.v be traced. Those verse,l ,n such n.alers 
 
 rjTtsu'uerrLl over Mb,ch ,^,h,t,calU.d th. NIdU Nlaid's path of late years, on throns^^ 
 
 21 
 
lu.liirsraniis. to luarMomil Wlialcly, rn-ssin- llic- Missiiiu.isli at l'..nl I'.uol, winch \\v lake to iuliui, liuot's l!n<l,>iv, 
 wliicli uv tliink slioiild not l)LconfoundLd witli Point dc lintc--tlu' latter nuanin,-;- "the Point of the lUitte, " or 
 
 liiL;hlan(! betwein the mar dies. 
 
 The stream whieli wends its w ly thron-h the m usli in front of the town, is called Mascoudu.!;ain, or I/i 
 rianche, the former the .Mic Mac, die latter the I'reneh ai)i)ellation. nieanin- "the plank," or board, the earliest set- 
 tlers wonld lay on the mud, and across the river at low water. 
 
 The Indian nanu-s are -iven on tliis nnp, I'ort I/iwrence bein.o- Mesa.^-n.sejje ; N'ai)an, Macan, and Miueudie 
 bein.u nearly the same as at pres.'nt. 'Vh.-..j laUer are o-iv.-n by Dr. Rand as M\v Mac. 
 
 The rid.ne on Avhicli lies Amherst has no distinctive Ir.dian name. 
 
 The pre'^,ent town is situated at the luad of the ISiv of I'Tindy, on the northern si<le, halfway between llalilax 
 and St. fohn, X, H., abont one luin.dre 1 ami lortv miles from e.nch jjlace. 
 
 It is bnill n])on a rid^e of land overlookini;- the marshes, and the waters of Cumberland liasin. lhe.se 
 
 marshes are compo.-.od of alluvial dei)osit, brou;.;ht in by th. turonlent tides of the Hay which run very swiftly, and 
 ri.se to a oieat Uei-lit. I.oii,^- dikes of earth shiU out the waters. It is supposed tiiat there has been, in coiii- 
 
 parativeh- modern limes, either a subsidence of llie land, or a break of some ua.tural barrier in the ISi-.y, on either of 
 which suppositions, the waters w^mld rush in, and silt u]) the lauds lyini;- beneath tne tide. Sir William Daw.son 
 
 .states these theories, but inclines to the view thai a "subsidence had taken phtce and to a deiali of about forty 
 
 feet." The value ol these fertile plains can luirdly !).■ overrated. Th /y uiusl always luaiutain a larije a.uricul- 
 
 tural eoniniuuilv, and il is to them that our town ow.-s its exis.eiice. The re-ion round about is replete with in- 
 
 terest, b.-ciuse of th_- inii)ortaiit events of foriiu'r times. A few miles awa\-, and in full view are the remains of 
 
 the f-.rlrehsof lieau Sejour, now h'ort Cumberlan 1. Xea.rer is the position where the P.ritish built their opi)osiiit>- 
 
 I'Ort Lawrence. The town looks out on territory, riili aa.l beautiful, won 1)\- coiupiest from our old foes. The 
 
 lilies of Kill,-;- Louis, a century and a h.ilf a,;-o, wa\ed a welcome to friends, an<l a waruiu.L;- to the foes of 
 l,a. belle !• ranee. The industriou:; Acadiaus tilled the farms of lieaubassin, and fell secure. lUil the torch of 
 
 war burned llK'ir liouK-s, .and scattere 1 I'uai far an 1 wile. 
 
 'Sfe 
 
 
i 
 
 i 
 
 1, or La 
 licst Sfl- 
 
 liiKudif 
 
 Instead of the frowning siiinniits of Fort I.awreiici.', we s.-j from our doors the m i^iiirit-ent work of tlie 
 civil eiijrineer, in the dock, Machinery, and buildinjjs connected witli the vShip Railway. 
 
 Orijj^inally, the township of Amherst wjis granted to forty two families, and there was given to each a 
 wood lot, a farm lot, and a tnarsh lot. Hut the town was originally laid off by British Engineers in 1760, a mile 
 and a half to the South-west of the ])resent site on the road to I'arrsboro. The building lots and streets are now 
 
 swallowed up in the farms of the Ivmbrees and others. The iiarade-ground was laid olT, but unu.sed, the militia 
 
 training on the highway near \Vm. Ivmbree's, until about iS;,5. There, too, the first cemetery was located, the 
 general burying ground up to twenty \ears ago, when the cemetery on the Highlands was donated by the Hon. K 
 H. Dickey. On the same road, thj Church of Ivn.^land also have a church-yard and cemetery, donated by Charles 
 Haker, ICscj. In this ))lot stood the church, which was removed to its present site in 1S42, originally built of 
 
 brick by (Veorge Revell. I''rom various reasons, the centre came to be fixed i't what what was known as "Amherst 
 
 Corner." b'or nearly a century, die i)o])ulation was scattered between Dixon '.s Corner, two miles below the j)res- 
 ent Court Ihm.se, and Morse's Corner, half a luile above. A I're-i) .tjrian Church stcx^d for many years at tlic old 
 
 grave-yard ; and among other things which showed that it was a .seat of authority, a criminal by the name of Hurk 
 was hung there, about 177S, in the field between the burying ground and the Ivnoch ivmbree hou.se. Hut the Court 
 House was at River Philip, and the Custom House at I'ort Lawrence, the incumbent being a Michael ("lordon, ap])oint 
 ed by the British (iovernment. 
 
 The chief places of trade and merchandise were at Partridge Island, Parrsboro. and at b'ort Lawrence, at I'ort 
 Cumberland, ami afterward at Mi^iudie. There were no shops or stores here, Titus Kna])p doing a large bu.'.iness at 
 "The I'ort," to which all tlie surrounding country went. 
 
 Along the main road already indicated, lived the families who had .settled at different times, the Dickeys, 
 Dixons, Kmbrees, Roberts, Freemans, Fales, Bakers, Lusbys, Chapnuins, Purdys, Bents, Morses, and others, all 
 engaged in fanning. 
 
 There were one or two humble hostelries, all-sufiRcient for the needs of the time. Dr. Ivlijah Purdy minister 
 
 23 
 
<.(1 pills ;iii<l ]>i)lions, and aclcd as (knlist, tiMxclliiiu; Ioiil; dislaiu'ts on horschack. 'riiLit was also a Dr. 
 
 Co.^lilaii, an Irish diJOtor. 
 
 'riu law was Iodised in llic p:'rsi)n dI Charles iiikii', wlm was Jnd,^c of Ihu Cnurl ofCDniinon I'luas. Ilali- 
 hurtun ]ioinls out ihal llu' lirsl I'durts WL-rc (.'<'ni])ii.,ed, u il dI" |)n)ffssi<)nal ukii, hnl of ihi.- hesl nia.Li'islrales of [\\v 
 district. .VftL'r this for several war. , Jas. S. Morse w.is the onl\ lawyer. He was rejieatedly elected a nieniher 
 
 of the ilonse of Asscnd)ly at Halifax. 
 
 Nearly eij^hty yt'ars ayo, Ak'x Sti^wart w.is adniil'.l an ittorne\-. lie was several times elected a nieniher 
 
 • or -he County, and lindly lit^canie Ma.st^i of the Rolls. ilyin.L;' in Ilalifa.x in 1X1)5. Chas. II. Chandler was the Ili.i^h 
 Sherifi, and was succee.led !iy his so 1 joshna. The ol 1 Sherifl, at eh ctions, sat at his tahk' with his clerk, and 
 
 would call out to the voter, "N'oter ?" rc\>\\ "Ves. " V.\ju. "Your n un an 1 residence ^ 'I'liese answered sal- 
 
 isfactoril\ , then canie the all ini]) );l ml (|.ie-,Li.):i ; ■•l)y \v!i >:n <lo \o 1 xMte;*" "C iIoUjI I'unly and Major 
 Roach, " or •Ale.N. Stuart" or ".Mr. MeKini." Mr. .M.'ivini w,i-. a .\ )rLh of Ire! md ni m, c )nte-.ted the countv a- 
 liout i.S)i, a. d died on llie hiistiu'^s in .\niherst. M'-mi were v'oLin,!;' for him after he was dead, as the elections 
 
 were then held, not simultaneously as at pre-.eut, hat as f )r!ows : I'irst at .\udierst for a few days, Hun two 
 
 da\s at River i'hilip, then four da\ s at Wall.uv, then a; lin at .\ndurst si.\ da\s. This reijuired three weeks. 
 
 Thus.m election wa.i a mucli more seriou.- thinj, t!ian n )-.v, involving;' so much time, and all the evils resulting: 
 fr.)m th,' increased e.\i)enditure, 
 
 The Court House ,:.;'ronnds, iuelndiuL; N'icloria Scpiare, were deeded to I'Mward liarrou, William I'.l.ick, and 
 Charles liaker, hy the first William i"reemau in A. 1). \jS<. in trust for the c v.int>-. tliesj .iientlenuu heiu^' promi'i- 
 ent Justice of the Peace, and Jud.nes of tlie Court of Common i'leas. .Mr. liaker was also Re<;istrar of Deeds It 
 
 is on record that Mr. iMven.an made a i)re.sent of this to the county. .\n item of interest conr.ected with Mr. 
 
 iMveman. and sIiowiul; the .scarcity of cleri^ynien in tho.se days, is juxserved hy one of his descendants vi/., an old 
 record of his marria.i;e : 
 
 William freeman and Jerush.i \'eomans liolh of .Vudu-rst, were married, after lawt'ul ])nhlication, hy lieiioni 
 
 M 
 
 •4 
 
 i 
 
 
 24 
 
 
a 1)1- 
 
 f 
 
 Hali- 
 
 "f thf 
 
 iiKiiihcr 
 
 m 
 '^' 
 
 .1' 
 
 Daiiks, one- of II is .Majc.st_\'.s Justices of llic ])eacf, Dt-cciiilKT stli, i7')5- TiiLV hail lliiitecii iliildivii, wiiosi.' 
 
 (lesc'ciidants arc* now foiiiul in many of tin- piiiicii)al laiiiili<.s of the County. 
 
 The stores ei;j:lity years a^M) wxie kejjt l)y Tlios. I,. Dixon, William I)ieki.-y, C. II. Clian<lKr, and William 
 W'liile. 'I'liere our fatiiers, as they trotte<l to the store on horse hack, or in the "one hoss sliay," saw the usual 
 
 fit-out the h('<;shead of nudasses, the cask of snj;<ir. the ho.xes of tea, tobacco, and indi.t^o, the latlt.r indisjiensahle 
 for coloriuj^' the lu)niesj)un clotii . Rum, ^in, and hratidv , then entered into tlu- n'i^nl.u' sales, .md the head ol the 
 hou.seliold returned witli a moderate quantity of all these articles. 
 
 In those days the dry j^oo Is de])artment was limite 1. "'rheru were no stockiuj^s", says C\rus lUack in .\m- 
 licrst S(.\ent_\' years .i,i!,o, as the women knit all tiuil were used. The ))eoi)le made linen, and oui' .uray cotton was 
 
 not a commercial comn\odity then. Tlu \'ouu^ ])eoide. niaf..- ami female, wore home nianufai'lures until tln.'\' 
 
 were nearly ijrown, when the .yirls would he iudnl.yed in a cotton dress. The \oun^ man of the jieriod must ha\e 
 
 a broadcloth dress coat . h" rock coats were not known". Mr. lilack continues —"The surplus of the fainurs 
 
 was so limited that th,\ could not afford to buy a ([uautilN of i^oods. h'lo'.ir was fretiuentl\' Si 2 .oo a barrel 
 
 and on one occasion lose to S-20.00. Tea used to brin<; in Sj.oo a pouu 1. snt^.ir 12 cents per M'. 
 
 A schooner made a tri]) Spriu.L; and h'all in which were brouL;ht all the ^oods lor the Season . The ordinary 
 
 roads were so bad that a wheeled vehicle could scarcely have tra\elled. Man ;iud wife n^de on horseback, the ^ood lady 
 sittinii on a pilli(in, behind her lieye lord . Ship buildiii.n to a limited extent was attempted . James I'a^e built a 
 schooner near the site of Robb's l'"oundr\-. She was hauled b\ oxen to the river, all the ox teams from h'ort Law- 
 
 rence bein.u ensiUifed, skids and rollers of s[)ruce trees beiuj;' used for this precursor of the Ship Railway. The 
 
 school houses Were two in numi)er, the one opposite the I'reshyteiian meeting' house alread_\- mentioned, and the 
 other near the jiresent residence of C. II. Bent. 
 
 The Royal mail was a small atTair in those days. Sixt\-five \ears aijo it came in Tommy .Mkinson's 
 
 gig, j)reviously it wase^isily carried ou Wooden 's horse. The first Postmaster was Silas II. Morse, who was also 
 
 25 
 
rrothonotarj- ; he kej)t the papers .ind correspondence in his front room, on the site of the liouse now owned by 
 llar\ey Pipe. I'arties would stroll in and pick out their own letters, etc. John W, Smith, an luijiflish saddler, 
 
 was the second to hold the office. He lived where his .son Charles W. Smith now rt;sides. Then there was a 
 
 lonji incumbency of the Chipman family— John Allen Chii)man, then the widow and her sons, at the store now oc- 
 cu]>ied by James Urown. Thereafter it was moved to a buildinj^ next door to the IJank of Nova Scotia. iMnally, 
 it found a jjcrmaneut location in the stone buildiu}^ of the Dominion ( rovernuieut, where Amos I'urdy has charge of 
 ikr Majesty's uuiils. Here, there are now an average of fifteen mails daily inward, and the s.ime number out- 
 ward : ]>rivate boxes, money order departui'jiit, and all the mo lern improvements. 
 
 Till-; CIIANC. IXC. SCICNIC. 
 
 The traveller in the early ])art of the century, as he surveyed the marshes in the autumn, would be reminded 
 of the encampment of a great army, when he looked out ujjou the innumerable stacks of hay ; for the nuiny barns 
 which now dot the landscape had not then come intt) u.se. The general ap])earaucj of the locality has changed, 
 and the usages of our fathers have disappeart 1 before the invasion of inodern civilization. 
 
 There were no stoves in tho.se days ; The hou.ses were built with one huge chimney in the middle, with three 
 fire places on the lower flat, and one or two on the second flat. This meant work for the wood-choppers, for coal 
 had not then come into u.se. Wood was jjleiity and clu-aj), spruce wood was not thought worth the hauling. 
 The best hardwoo<l was hauled in eight foot lengths, and cut in three for the main fire place. In the kitchen 
 
 fire-place was a crane, on which to ha' ig the i)ots. ovens, and kettle. In these old-fashioned hou.ses, life went 
 on a little slowl\- perhajjs ; but the ])e )ple enjoyed themselves ipiite as well as their descendants. Old men tell 
 
 us of the great chopi)ing and hauling :rolics. If a ])iece of woods was to be cut, or a building removed, the owner 
 
 had but to give the intimatio'; ind all the oxen and teamsters of the country for miles would be ready <-o "liiL'^h 
 on." There would oftei. b. a (juilting arranged for the same day, at the same place, and in the evenin>; when tie 
 
 I 
 
 %!: 
 M 
 
 20 
 
 ..Tig 
 
 '^0 
 
(1 by 
 Idler, 
 vas a 
 
 f 
 
 1 
 
 u- oc- 
 lally, 
 
 i 
 
 ii'^ of 
 
 .:, 
 
 out- 
 
 'X 
 
 iliojipcis f.iiiu- ill llu '.'.ills would lay asidr tlu- ijuiitiiitr tVaiiios, and .i Iiij^j spiv.iii oil tiic tal)k'S would In.- the scciK' of 
 iiiucli ri.'sli\ity . Mr. itlack says, 'tlaiv was a jolly j^ood tiiiic. " 
 
 Slraii,i.;c as it may Sfciu, this all took idate rij^lit around us. Our ^randfatlit-'is rai.std two or tliivc rid^t'S of 
 lla.s. Our jrraudinothers spun it on iIkj little wlic\', i id tln.-n wjvc it into liiu'n fur family use. .V \ni.VL- of 
 
 this work is now huforL- the writer, it ha\in<f h.'jn in usv ..s she ,1 or towel for neirl>' sixty years. 
 
 Mr, Black says there were at the time (nekonini:; I)ack .si'veiity years from iSSf),) hut tairty hoa-;.'-; h.t.v • 'ii 
 l)i.\on 's Corner to the mi'l near J . A . lanhrees, — a distance of | '_. miles. In tiie mile and a hall' helweeu Morse's 
 and I'.mhiee's were the farms of Rieh ml lil,ud<, William I'Veeman, Tlios vS. Hlack. and vSamuel Ilolstead. 
 
 .\n Iji^lish l(ii(d-:la\ ir, ('.eoi\ue !>ii\ell, sojourned here for some years, and built many briik houses here, and 
 ill th<- surroundiuj^ eountiy. The briek part of the Hank of Xova vScotia is one that still remains, being erected by Dr. 
 John Carritt, about iSj2. Another is the liouRstead of ^blrtin Chaimian, f'.sci.. i'ort bawieiiee. Several of 
 
 these have been torn down down of late years, and structures of wood erected in their stead. Mr. Kevell owue 1 
 
 the site of Messrs Christie's favtory, where he built a Hour and saw mill. lie built Christ Church at the ICpisco 
 
 ])alian bur>iii.ir ji'round. In additicni to the thirty dwellin.i;s, si)okeii of as bein.^i on the main road, there are some 
 
 others, notably John Ward's, a N'ork.-;hire man. who li\- ■ 1 in i brii-k hoa^e corner of Spiiui; and .Vlliioii .Streets, part 
 of the Mad )onald estate. The old O'Doiiuell IutiU', still stindiiin- on corner of Church and Tiince Arthur .St., huilt 
 by a man known as ICa.irlish Haker, al)-)at 70 \c.irs a',^ >, then sold \ty Mr. (Jrabb to .Samuel ()'I)onnell, now owned 
 b\ Mr. Dowliii ; and the I'ullers and Donkius on the Cobefjuid road, also one we ha\e not yet mentioned, the old 
 Josluia iMvem.in house. IxJii.^ht by Win. .Sharp, fither of Mrs. Robt. .Sharj), which was built partl\ of lot^s, and 
 stood where John ICMerkiu now resides. Robert Sharp, the tirst als • !)uilt on the site of the Moiley I'ikc place, 
 
 and from him Sharjj's Creek received its name. 
 
 When forty five years a,:io, the lion. R. I!. I)icke\ built his jiresent residence on the hill, the road leading;- to 
 it, now Church .St.. ran tlirouL;li a swaaip, and a lar;^e pond lay near the middle of it, known as Johnny Ward's 
 I'lmd. Mr. 1). extended the ioa>l to his place. This road was afterwards prolon.ii'ed. and in 1S67 connected 
 
 27 
 
with the Halifax road near (Jourlev's in Salem \ • ^,^ > 
 
 store Xorth of the A„:herst Hotel and n r "' -'""''' "'^'' " ^"^"^ "^ '''''' ^•^>' "" ^'i- site of the 
 
 been built over quite rec^uiv " '^ '" '""^ "'^' ''"' "^^^"'^^ ' '""^'^"^^^^ "" ^^ ^^ '^ve. has only 
 
 ^■^?*% 
 
 MIX-IIAXICS AND AKTIZANS. 
 
 The mechanics of the dav were fnu' -r,.. r . . 
 
 "lar l,„si„e».,. „„, „.,, „ZZZ ,,, ; „ ' '^'"•T "'"" """=''■ '"" "''>■ "«'■ '^"l-" ^PPlTtenance,, than re,,- 
 .ua„ „.„„e,I and n.ate ^ , f " "',"'^" "f '"^"'- '^"»—" '-«"'-' Cap™,,,,) >.o.s.. Sea- 
 
 ca,„. aftunvanl . tl,. Ilrst ,I,„„ bd,,- M,- e ,r • ?!■ "''" "■' '" ''"""'^ ''"'"' f""'™"""'-' •-■I>.tl,..s 
 
 «-fl,s„„, at ..ak„-,, „„.„ ' ■■■ M w" '™;':' '""" """'"' '" "'^' """*■ """' °-">--" '»■ >'™"^ 
 
 C.HADCAr, I'ROCRKSS. 
 
 .raduan;i:i:tith^':;:tre'"'t.r:^ t 'r'" r^^^^^^-'^^^'"^^^--^^^- —-- ^^- --^^ 
 
 RUA.S Freen,an hnilt and oc^-pied^^: ; Z ^:: l^T r"^'" "^^'"^''^- ^"'^^^^^^^^•' ^"^ ^^'<^ •''-> "-■ 
 I.a.nys Hotel Ounnt .S,, , „,', the , e o t" "'""'rT -^"""•^^- ^^ -^^"^ ^'^'^^ -- ^^ft— ds known as 
 
 A.) the sue of tne new property of Messrs. Steele and Rhodes. W. M. Bent did a 
 
 28 
 
 
 
 '^ 
 
large businesss, and .as verv successful, at corner of Rupert Street. R. K. Snuth did a general ';---' 
 th . Irner where the Preshvterian Church uow stands. Jan.es I'a.e was u.erchaut. slnp huUder. and farn.e. , and 
 did more than any one of Ins tiine to improve the stock of horses and cattle. ,,,,,,,, .r^ y,,,^.,^ 
 
 J B Kerr, and afterward Atcheson Moffat did business between Baker's an.l I.nsby ,s Brooks. Mr^ M oA-.t 
 
 hou-ever s.w the tendenev of the tunes, and built .. handson.e .store on the corner of Cnurch and X ,ctoru St-.ets - 
 afterwards burnt, with tb. block attached, (.SS7) and re-built of l)nck by Mr. Moffat. ^ , , , .^^.,,,^,^ . ... 
 
 In the papers for .843 is the card of Charles Tupper, M. D , iMin., who otters his profess.o.al .ser^,ccs to the 
 inhabit-uits of Amherst and vicinity. 'nM„.r< 
 
 ,„..„.,, ti... .«vi„., ...a.l...... b„Ka„ its „sef.,l clatter, th.cla„K of .1.. n«v ...ouvr „as l.ca.,. o„ 'I'-' ' ,' '_^ 
 
 uie thouna.,.. a.„l ...K .,«... of ,1,. „e«- ..ra were sc«, „„ac.. K is t,„«, .„ r.ga,,l t„ .,.«.,», as „f all ..„.,„1.,... 
 things, that ^^^ ^l^ ^^^^^ changeth, yielding placs to new. 
 
 ,1 
 
MAYOR NAT. CURRY 
 
 riodern Amherst 
 
 BY J. ALBERT BLACK. 
 
 In .i])pr()achin,u AiiiliList riuiu llic \vi.'sl, one sees, on a gentle ace'' 'Iv sl()])in,i,r from llu- marsliy ])lain, a wide 
 •■■xijansi- ot Iniildinys, not too closclx ,!nronj)(.<l. in wood, hrirk. and •' dted with the spires and turrets of 
 
 eh\n\lus. indicative of ehristiani/inij; inllnenoes, and with lliost nn )i. M evidences of indnstrial activity, tlie 
 
 snioUing cliinnu ys of its factories. .\c(|uaintance willi Uie lo\,n soi ,s( loses, in its ])nlilic buildinjis and 
 
 •^o 
 
u i(Ie 
 ts of 
 
 •, tiK- 
 and 
 
 private residences, its churches and mercantile estal)lishnients, its tidy streets and jrenerous sidewalks, its <ifood 
 hotels and its general modern equipment for religious, educational, industrial, and social advancemei:t, that here 
 are to be found the spirit of enterprise, tlie elements of prosperity, and the foundations of solidity. 
 
 The xVmher.st of to-day contrasts strongly with thfit of thirty or forty years ago. The ' '.\ndierst Corner" of 
 those days with its plain, rectangular dwellings, a few village stores, a blacksmith, a shoemaker, and ;i tailor's 
 shop, its .severely plain churches and plainer .school-hou.se, has \-ielded to the jnogressive s])irit and advanced 
 civilizatioi: of the age, ipiickened by an enterjirising and industrious i)eople. 
 
 "The Corner" has become the centre of a live incor])orated town numl)ering over 5000 people, with its nuiNor 
 and corporation, itsboard of tra(L, and other es.sentials of good goverment and material advancement. Its newer 
 
 residences are of modern types of architecture, and not a few magnihcent in style and proportions. The bu.sine.ss 
 blocks, including .several of brick and stone, vie with those of much larger and older towns, while .ill citizens feel 
 a ju.stifiable pride in the churches. Dominion and bank buildings, court hous.^, and especially the academy building, 
 for it is the outgnnvth of popular sentiment in behalf of the educaticm ot the people. Instead of a school which 
 
 one teacher, by judicious wielding t)f tne birch, was a1)le to manage, in a single room, thirty years ago, is one of 
 eleven departments and twelve teachers, in a .solid brick and stone structure, built at an e.\])enditure ot $35,000 
 and well equipped with modern a])i)liances. There are, besides, two other ))ublic schools in the town. The 
 
 number of ])upils registered in all the public .schools, last year, w;'s 920. The tendency of the day to s])ecial- 
 
 ization has obliterated the village store which o\er the same counter dispen.sed hardware and handkerchiefs, mo- 
 lasses and millinery, brim,stone and bfjuibazine — indeed anything from a needle to an anvil— and now are to be 
 foiind shops well .stocked with goods of one or two departments . 
 
 TIi<it the business of the town rests on firm bases and is little subject to fluctuating influences beyond those 
 marke<l b\- the general business barometer of the country, may readily be inferred from its natural |)ositi(in with re- 
 lation to its agricultural surroundings. With Holmes v,-e may aptly sing (jf Nature : 
 
 31 
 
O, jrracimis Mother, wIk^sc heni.nhtcd breast 
 Wakes us to life, and hills us all to rest ; 
 
 How tliv sweet features, kind to ever\- cli 
 
 nie. 
 
 Mock with their smile the wrinkled front of Time. " 
 The fact that several of tlie business hnu.ses were founded tliirty, forty, and fifty years a^o, by the j)resent ])ro- 
 ])rietors or tiieir progenitors, maybe cited in evidence of the .solidity referred to, while it also empha/izes the char- 
 
 icter and t)usiness sairacitv of the men who have achieved such a record. 
 
 Tile re'Msters of the conriiercial 
 
 aj>encies show that the ])er-centaj;e ot failures in the town has bt:en remarkably small. Some of the oldest l)us- 
 
 ine.ss houses alluded to are tho.se of James Moffat, Doutrlas & Co., Dunla]) I?ros <.\: Co., Robb l';n<iineenn,n" Co., and 
 the volume of trade in the.se and .some newer establishments will comi)are well with that in similar concerns in our 
 cities. The shojjs devoted to Oiesile of various kinds of merchau lise uuiubuM' si.Kty-fiv..' .and s)m.- knowledge of 
 
 Iheir architectural character is afforded by the statement that fourty four of these have ])late .iiiiass fronts- 
 
 When the union of the provinces had been consummated in 1.S67, removin}j^ the tariff barriers from between 
 them and jjiovidinj;- for an intercolonial hi,u:liway throui^h them, a new era ofpro,irress dawned ujjon the community. 
 Then were lecoi^ni/.ed and employed to an increased de^V'ce the ad\"anta<res possessed by Amherst tor beconiinjj an 
 important industri.il centre, with results w'.ich up to that period were considered lnyond ])ossible attainment. 
 The caution and conservatism of the ])eople have prevented undue e.\])erinientinii' with manufactures, with the result 
 that tho.se established are more noticeanle for their extent than their number. 
 
 The ])ioneer manufacturing industry of ai.x extent — the first iron foundry and machine sliop in the town or 
 county-was o|)ened in iS()5 liy .Mexander Robb. It was successfully conducted by him for .several years, and 
 
 afterwards, nolwithstandiiii;' two serious fire losses, by his sons, who, under the title of the Robb Ivnjrineerinjr Co., 
 have exjianded it to enL;ine and boiler works. The com])aii\- makes enjj;ines and boilersof the hi.nhest tyj)es, from 
 
 10 to 400-h. ])., costinji as hij;h as S4<):><>. •'^'id .sends them to almost every ))art of Canada, .some liavinj;- .none as far 
 west as New Westminister, H. C. 125 hands are tniploved, and the output jjcr year has reached Si.^o.ooo 
 
 ,^2 
 
The officers are : D. W. Robb, president and consulting engineer ; F. B. Robb, sec'y-treas. and manager; A. G. 
 Robb, sup 't of engine department. 
 
 In 1867 was established the Amherst Boot & Shoe Co., with Robert McCully president, and K. S. Crafts man- 
 ager. After the experimental stage had i)assed, the capital was increased and the management placed in the 
 hands of M. D. Pride and a directorate composed of some of tin.- most sagacious business men of the town. The 
 industry has been one of gradual expansion, until last year's sales reached $420,000, and it had on its pay roll 225 
 names Mr. Pride still continues manager; Hon . H. Black is president; T. X. Campbell has been .sec'y-treas. 
 for many years; and the directors are : the ])resident, manager, and Hon. A. K. Dickey, J. S. Hickman and 
 J. R. Lamy. 
 
 X. A. Rhodes, Xat Curry, and .Mark Curry opened a general wo > 1 \v:)rkin4 esta'jlisli.n^int in 1S77 as Rhodes 
 Curry & Co., and after a time became building contractors. Despite the checks of two fires which swept away 
 
 their factories and contents, they held on their wav until their building contracts became very extensive, and they 
 had erected some of the finest public buildings and residences in the four maritimes, and had also entered the Upper 
 Provinces and the West Indies. Among these are : I. C. R. Passenger vStation, St. John; City Hall, First Bap- 
 tis*^ Church, (Jueen Hotel, Halifax; Doniini<m Buildings, Amherst and Charlottetown ; I . C. R. General Ofiices and 
 Roundhouse, Monclon ; Acadia College, Wolfville; Boston Marine Co's building, Yarmouth ; Mr. Rhodes' and the 
 Messr:; Curry's residences, Amherst. In 1893 the company accepted a proposal to add the car-works industrj' then 
 conducted at St. Johnby HarristS: Co., and became a joint .stock concern. The very extensive buildings and vards now 
 cover eight acres, and 350 persons are emi)loyed. 1200 freight and 15 passenger cars have already been built, some of 
 them at a cost of $6500 each, and the yeaily volume of business in all departments is about half a million dollars 
 The easting:; and forgiugs, including wheels, are done on the premises, as well as the woodwc-rk, for which quan- 
 tities of lumber are brought from British Columlna and other distant points. The officers ot the companj- are: 
 Nat Curry, jjresident; X. \. Rhodes, vice-presioeiil; J. M. Curry, .sec'y-treas.; J. C. Robert.son, (St. John), consult- 
 ing director; J. .M . Townshend, T. R. Black, M. P. P.. Charles Archibald (Halifax), directors. 
 
 33 
 
other important iiulustrit-s are : The casket, trunk, and woodworking factories of Christie Bros. eS: Co. ; 
 I'night (S: Black's furnace and stove foundry; C. J. Silliker, woodworking and building; Taylor and Tennant, 
 aerated waters ; C. R. Casey & Sotis, steam tannery and larrigan factory- ; H. R. Coates, children's boots and shoes ; 
 Wni. Holmes, Wm . Delahunt, and Cliflbrd Carter, carriage factories ; Dunlaj) Cooke iS: Co., manulacturing furriers 
 and clothiers ; Chajjuian Bros, clothiers ; Amherst Red .Sandstone Co. ; vS. B. Andres, monumental works ; Biden's 
 confectionery works ; Bl.ack Brotiiers. and three other bakers. The success which has attended manufacturit:g at 
 
 Amher.st fully establishes the fact that the location and general conditions are favorable to a large variet\- of such 
 enterprises . 
 
 Amher.st peo])le have lieen well up to date in the u.se of electricity . The first newspaper office in Canada to 
 adopt it as a motive power was that of the Amherst (ia/.ette. The telephone was first used in the M iritinus by A. 
 Robb & vS(ms, who in August. 1S77, jjlaced a line between their office and foundi \-. It is no longer wonderful to 
 
 converse through 600 yds of wire, when \\v now easily do so through as many miles. The .streets and many 
 
 buildings are electrically lighted. A telephone exchange with 95 subscribers is a gratifying economizer of lime 
 
 and energy. The Western Union has two telegraj)h offices, and the Canada Pacific has an office. 
 
 The town owns an admirable water su])ply, which is a c()mi)ination of the jjumping and gravitation systems, 
 auvl cost S.So,ooo. In conjunction with a fine fire department and electric fire alarm system it a fiords ready i)ro- 
 
 tection to i)ro])erty. as by attaching hose to street hydrants several powerful streams may be simultaneously forced 
 over the liighesi buildings. At liie end of three \ ears service it is estimated — allowing a fair rate for street hy- 
 
 drants — th;'t before another year the revenue from water will fully meet the e.\))enditure for interest and mainten- 
 ance . 
 
 The climate is healthful and invigorating. While the press of Malifii.x and St. Joiin are di.scussing the fog 
 
 (piestiou, and the people of both cities are, perhaps, enveloped by the mist, we are basking in sunshine. The 
 
 suuui jr heat, also, which in our inland towns is sometimes oppressive, is here delightfully tempered l)y grateful 
 breezes from the Bay of bundj-. Scarcely in the wide world is experienced a temj)erature nearer jjerfectiou than 
 
 
 34 
 
is here enjoyed in the summer and early autumn. Then the gv^rgeous sunsets ! Many persons who rhapsodize 
 
 over the glories of an Italian sunset evidently fail to recogni/e the beauties of the horizon around them. There is 
 
 a simple aphorism that far-off fields are greenest, and it too often finds an illustration in the fact that the measure 
 
 of our ajjpreciatiou of objects is ill pro])()rtion to the distance by which they are removed from us. This is not 
 
 more applicable to the beauties of Nature than it is to the merits of our whole domain ^this fair Canada of ours. 
 
 To the observant student of Nature, the radiant colorings and kaleido.scopic changes produced in the western sUj- 
 
 as the sun sinks, gilding the hill-to])s and throwing crim.son tints over a cerulean background, are worthy a 
 
 poet's description, and recall an excer])! from Thoiii]),s()n's "vSea.sons" : — 
 
 "What skill, what force divine. 
 Dee))- felt, in thest ap])ear I 
 
 so delightful felt, with such kind art, 
 .Such t)eaiity and beneficence combined ; 
 Shade, unperceived .so softening into shade. 
 And all .so forming at^barmonious whole." 
 
 To jia.ss to more prosaic matters, it may be said that the stranger, in approaching Amherst from the west, is 
 first impressed with the great expanse of niar.sh lying at the head of the Hay of Inindy. Ivver since the early 
 
 French .settlers reclaimed this from the sea by a laborious .sy.stein of banks called dykes, these alluvial lands, with 
 little exjien.se except for drainage, have continued to yield their gra.ss cro])s, with little deterioration. The plain o' 
 7,000 acres, stretching out from Amherst upland as far as the eye can reach, is a vital element in the progress of the 
 town and the thrift of the neighboring country. With the dykes maintained in repair, the marshes, unlike the 
 
 cyclone-swept plains of the west, hav'.- a comparative immunity from injun.)us influences. They were the .scene of 
 a memorable occurrence, however, in 1S69. The iiarriers which for a century had withstood the jiressure of the 
 turbulent tides, were, on the night of October 4tli, by a coincidence of spring tides and western gales which f)rced 
 the w, iters up tlij c )ntnict.iiii? b isiu, ovcrvvhelnij 1, and at some points swept aside, by a rushing mighty flood or tidal 
 
wave. 'I'liL- pL-oplc of Amherst awoke in tlic niorninjj to fiiul before their doors a sea, cjuite pieturescnie to look 
 
 u|)on, e.\eei)t to tlie fanner wliose lands, yesterday dotted with hnndreds of stacks and well-tilled barns, have become 
 a waste of water ; while nearly all that was movable has been borne seaward by the receding tide or scattered in wild 
 confusion. Hut a sadc^er story is that of the loss of human life, though, ])r.)videntially this was wonderfully small. 
 
 considering that miles of highway were submerged three feet and their bridges swei)t away 
 
 Two persons than 
 
 living at Amherst — Henry Colburne and Xorman .Siddall — k)st their lives while fleeing from the marsh to the I-'ort 
 
 Lawrence n])land in the midnight darkness. 
 
 They, with Charles Camiibell and Ilenrx' Wry, of Amherst, had 
 
 been sent, early in the evening, by .Vle.xaiKler Robb, to assist in securing against the fury of ti:e storm a stove-laden 
 schooner which lay in tlie month of the I/il*lanclie at lv)rt Lawrence. The sea was too heavy for the vessel's 
 
 boat, and Mr. Campbell, in (jrder to take advantage of the earliest o])portunity to accomi)lish the undertaking with 
 which he had been charged, .sought lodging witli his men in an empty barn on the adjacent marsh. The ])rostra- 
 
 tion of the barn by the fury of the gale seemed so inevitable that they jjrepared for hasty e.xit from the windward 
 side at the shortest notice. Hut the hour of terror endured there was trivial comi)ared with what awaited them. 
 
 The baru was struck as by a wave meeting the descending prow of a shi]) at sea, and rai)idly accumulating water warn- 
 ed them of yet greater danger. IJy clinging to a fence wliich led straight to Husby vSmith's hou.se, they were able 
 in the darkness to make a little jjrogress through the water, until the strengthening current swept away men and 
 fence. Campbell and W r\ clung to a couple of fence poles which came in their way, and were tloated, half-drown- 
 ed, to the highway between Amherst aul b'ort Luvreuce. Here the fence and standing telegrai)h poles formed a 
 ,'bo(nn," which held (piantities of wooden wreckage, and on this surging material, by clinging to the fence, thev 
 
 made their wa\ to the nearest housj — Mr. (iordon's. 
 hill, not long ago, and Mr. Campbell, overcomi 
 
 The other men were drov.Mied. Mr. Wry died at vSpri 
 
 U"- 
 
 uir an 
 
 y terror of water he may have possessed, has become engineer 
 of the Amherst Water- Works. John Smith, of b'ort Lawrence, in dri\ing from Amherst, ijlunged, with horse and 
 carriage, into (iordon"s Creek, from which the bridge had bjen swept. Hy grasping the harness, he was <lragged 
 
 on 
 
 t bv his horse, though not without receiving ser 
 
 lous injuries. 
 
 36 
 
dxv.lUng.atth.c.'rnerof\Kton. - ^^ 
 
K(l<ly, leader of the rebellion ajijainst the trooj)s of (leorjje III in 1776, having had his residence thereon. 
 
 The temperance bodies of the town, with the \ears of orjjanization are: Amherst Division, vS. of T., 1S62 ; 
 \/,i I'lanche I.odvT*--, I. d. O. T., 1865; Myrtle Juvenile Temple, 1.SS2; \V. C. T, Tnion, 1S86, Pioneer Council, R. T. 
 of Temperance, 1S91; Catholic T. A. vSociety, iSyi. I'raternal Societies : Acacia Kodji^e, A. F. (S: A. M., 1.S45 ; Ivy 
 
 Lodjre, I. (). (). 1'., 1878; Amherst Council, Royal Arcanum, 18S0; Court Acadia, I O. Foresters, 1883; Catholic 
 Mutual Henefit Association, 1891; I,. Oranjife Lodge, Xo. 1628, 1892 ; Chignecto I,odge, Knights of Pythias, 1892; 
 besides societies connected with the churches. 
 
 .\mherst men who have held imj>ortant public positions in the last forty years have been : Judges McCully, 
 Townshend, Monse ; Hon. R. H. Dickey, M. L. C member of conference on Confederation, and .senator ; \V. W. 
 Hent, M. P. P. ; Sir Charles Tupper, Premief oi N. vS.,ministei in Doiuinion cabinet, and Can.idian High Commis- 
 sioner in London; vSirC. II. Tupper and Hon. A. R. Dicke3', I)j;uinion ca!)inet ministers ; W . T. Pi])es, premier 
 of N. S. ; Hon. H. Black, M. L. C. ; T. R. Black C. J. Townshend, (r. W. Forrest, M's P. P. ; \V . II. Rogers, 
 Inspector of Fisheries ; Rev. vS. McC. Black, editor of the Bapti.st organ of the Maritimes. 
 
 Amherst has given to public life brilliant talents in men of past and present generations ; nor has the literary 
 field been uncultivated. One ot oiir citizens, Mrs.Cirace Dean Mcl.eod Rogers, has, though yet in early life, accpiir- 
 ed, by her fine talents, devoted sometimes to subjects allied witii the history of our own province, a higli lilerarj' 
 reputation, which has extended be\'ond the Dominion. 
 
 The mayors of the town have been Thomas Dunlap, Dr. Allan, Nat Curry : stijiendiaries — Cjtus Black, T. J, 
 Copp, W. I". Cutten, \V. R. McCully, J. M. Towr.,-ihend ; town clerk and treasurer— \V . F Donkin. 
 
 An organization in which the citizens take great pleasure and pride is the Amherst Military Ban.l, of 40 
 pieces. An efficient company of volunteer militia has been maintained here for thirty years. 
 
 In these days of the annihilation of space it becomes a marvel how l)usy people found time to travel, even 
 only thirty years agt), for there were only 93 miles of railway in Nova Scotia, 108 in New Brunswick, and P. ]'.. Island 
 had not thougiit of s\u'h a tiling. No.v, we hive in opjr.ition in Caiu'itTlan 1 Ciui'ty alone 120 miles. '['h^ 
 
 Mi I 
 
 3« 
 
;f^ 
 
 Intercolonial Railway has been a most material factor in our development. Those parallel lines of steel stretching 
 westward proclaim tlie pro.rrd.-is of a mi.ii;hty comiuorcial revolution. In l)jcj;nhjr 1S70, the s'.iriek of the first 
 
 locomotive with pas.senjjer train to enter our town, awakened ns to new activity as it announced our connection 
 westward. Two years later we were in railway communication with Halifax. Our stone passenj^i^.]- station then erect- 
 ed marked the dawn of the stone age in out huildinsj^ ojjerations. Si.x passenjjer trains now leave this station 
 daih'. }^ivin<j us a continncjus track 3524 miles, to X'ancouver, 217 to North vSydney, and t,jj to Yarmouth. 
 
 No reference to our commercial eiuerprises — no sketch of Andierst — should omit mention of the projected 
 ship railway and of our citizen, II. (t. C. Ketchum, C. K., the clever orij^iuator of the stujiendous scheme for trans- 
 poitinij vessels and their caru^oes, up to 2000 tons weight, over the seventeen miles between the Hav of h'undy and 
 N()rthuml)erlan.l .Straits. At I'ort Lawrence is a basin, 530x;,oo ft., at the inner end of whicli is a liftin.i.;-dock, 
 
 2,^0x60 ft., both 40 ft. deep, and constructed of first-class masonry. The latter is to contain twenty hydr.iulic 
 
 presses for raisin*.;- vessels to the level ot the double line of rails, where they are to be locked solidly to a .uridimn, 
 which will be carried on the rails by 240 wheels, and drawn bv powerful locomotives to the Tidnish terminus and 
 there jilaced in the water. The rails have been laid and massive enj^ine-houses built. Tli ■ Chi,'-;neeto Marine 
 
 Transport Co.,of L )n lo 1, Ivn^. .after jxpen linjf over three cpiarters of the S4.,S<'o,ooo needed for the W(,rk and appar- 
 atus, in tile fac<.' of uncontroUib.e di-lays, readied the limit of time within which the Canadian Parliament letiuired 
 it to be completed before b'_<^iiiiiing the payment of an annual subsidy. I'p to date, parliament has not deemed it 
 
 e.xpedient to extend the time. The practicabilit\- and utility of the work have been fully exemi)lifie(l, and ihere is 
 an ardent hope that the nndertakintj, of such con.sequence to the commercial interests of the country, may l)e carried 
 to an early c(jnipletion. 
 
 If the ])essiniist be sulViciently restrained — if with the (Vod-given faculties and resources with which our 
 people are endowed we move steadily forward — ^if we encourage a spirit of true p itriotism---briglit pages will bf i)ro- 
 duced by him wlio shall write the hi.story of Amherst for the next two or three decades. Let us Ije imbued with 
 
 the spirit of Montgomery's lines :--- 
 
 ' Closer, closer let us knit. 
 
 Hearts and hands together ; 
 (Jh, they wander wide wdio roam 
 For the joys of life from home. " 
 
 39 
 
Our Educational Interests. 
 
 The iianics (jf llif old IcacluMs ])re\ious to the introduclioii of the present Coiiunoii School System, as far as we can 
 find : are the late Samuel O'Doiniell who taught in what is now Albion Street. He was afterwards on.' of the Dc-puty vSurveyors 
 for the County of Cuniherland. Died 1.SS3, aged So. James I'ergusou a Scotchman, taught in and around Andu-rst for 
 
 manv years. Abel (iore, was distinguished more for his rhyming propensity than for any lasting im])ression in the teaching 
 line. There is extant a rambling poem entitled "The Outlines of a speech to b.- delivered on the hustings." By Chrisloplier 
 Causlick Kscj., ])rinted in 1S53, i 1 whicli Mr, (i';re gives free play to his sarcastic jjowers. I). Mac;;iilay also taught about 1.S64. 
 
 Besides the above there must have been others, but these are the names that can be remembered, with the notable ad- 
 dition of Rev. Charles Tupper I). I)., who taught the grammar school near the residence of J, Medley Townshend, Ks(j. 
 
 The History of our modern schools is bjfore us in a succint i).i])or, dr.uvn up by Iv J. I, ay, Ivs(i.. l'rinci])al of .\mherst 
 Academy, from which we condens- the folh ing :- 
 
 The first recorded school meeting of Amherst School Section tu). 40 was held in tlu Public Hall, on Oct. 16II1 1.S53. 
 
 At that meeting Mes.srs. C. Iv Ratchford, T. R. Hlack, and R. H. Huestis. "e elected Trustees, and the sum of ^t4(M.. 
 vot^il to build a county aca;l.-;ny. In a<ldition t) this, anol'.ier }4'>3 was v )teil to tuent the Provincial ,ind Couutv grants 
 
 for the sup])ort of schools for the year. 
 
 That same year Mr. Mellish was engaged as Head Master, and taught in the Cliu ch School House. .\t the same time 
 a Mr. Reeve w.is teaching in the "Raker's School House." In March 1S66 the .site of .Vcademy.one acre, was jnucliased from 
 J. S. Morse for ^yn). 
 
 .^t the annual meeting of that year, the trustees re])orted they had engaged J. 1'. Mellish an<l the Misses Rachel 
 Tup])er. I{llen Page, Leake and Dimock as Teachers, and had contracted with Jose])li I'illmore for the erection of the new 
 .Academy, W. I). Main, was elected trustee. 
 
 The stanilard for entering the .Vcadeniy was placed much higher than in later times. The Principals who followed 
 Mr. Mellish were Messrs. \V. 1*. Georgj, A. .M., \V. I). McKen/.ie, S. McCully, A. J. Iviton, 1'. H. Ivaton, X. Smith, C. 1'. Hall 
 K. J. I, ay, I i.SSi and iS92. ) H. S. I'reeman, A. B. 
 
 In iS.S;, a committee was appointed to consider the propriety of erecting a brick building. In i.SSS, f':!iils were voted to 
 
 .1 
 
 40 
 
J 
 
 i 
 
 build tile schot>l houst-s at the Ili^^hlanils ; additional r.)i)ms wfrc pros'idcd in thu dM Academy j^nmnds. In iSSi>, 
 deci«leil to purchase the present site of the Academy from Senator Dickey. In i.Sgcj, the Act of Incorjioralion of the 
 took matters out of the hands of the old Trnstees and vested them in the Hoard of School Commissioners for the Town ; 
 1X91 #25, (x>) was vi'ted for tlie erection of the i)resent huildinj^. In 1S92, the corner stone was laid, and in iSyv .\n^. 
 was opened for teachinj,'. It cost altoj^ether about $32,000. It is built of brick and stone, contains thirteen rooms, 
 bly hall, laboratory, office, and rooms in basement for lavatories, etc. There are now fourteen teachers in the towi', 
 registered attendance of y(H>, The a])proprialion this year is 54,5<x), 
 
 The late Thos, I^usby, Ks(j., was the efficient Secretary of Trustee:; for nearly thirty years. 
 
 The Insjiectors of School in the county from the bej^'imin;.; of the School .Vet are : Messrs. Christie, (i.-orge, Darragh, 
 Mackenzie, Lay and Craig. 
 
 It was 
 Town 
 
 ami in 
 i.S, it 
 
 a.ssem- 
 
 with a 
 
 The Religious Interests 
 
 TUK Ni-;\v i.iciiT m()vi:.mi;nt. 
 
 I find that Henry .Mliiie, called a New Light minister, and who made a distinct religious impression on the Province in 
 his travels, ])aiil Amherst two visits, in 17S1 and '82. [The late J.,uther Lusby, whom I burie<l in 1.S70, told me that he re- 
 membered .seeing this Kvangelist in his father's house, near the marsh, Mr. L. being then a mere child.] July 11, 17S1, his 
 journal records that ' he cros.sed the river to Amherst Point, and preached there in the evening." "M I'ort Lawrence on 
 the 13th and iSth " ; " Near the garri.sou on the 19th." .Xgain, on the 3rd of August, "preached with some success to 
 some of the capital men of the place, * * o and some of the officers of the garri.sou were verv attentive." The com- 
 mander invitjil him to dine, and treated him with great civility. This wouhl be at I'ort Cumberiand. Hi' s])eaks of " the 
 church gathering together, without any bars or separation ;d)out different sects," etc. Ihit where the church wnisliii)pe<l he 
 df)es not indicate. He goes to Hay Verte. and returns on the t)lh August to Cumberland, where some notable conversions 
 took place. .\t the same time, 1772, Rev. Win. Hlack's congregation suffered the loss of .seventy, who went over to Mr. .XUine 
 
 MKTHOniSM. 
 
 The geiilleiiian just named, was born in Huddersfield, Kngland, in 1760, and removed to .\niherst with his fatliLT, also 
 William Hlack, in 1775. The family of Mr. Hlack shareil in tlie blessing of a religious revival in .\mher.st in 1779. There 
 
 41 
 
after, the young William devoted himself to the ministry of the Methodist Society, and became the father of Methodism in 
 Nova Scotia a-,'( New Bruns-wick, dyinj^^ iit Halifax in a jjood old aire. The Metluxlisl canse has continued from that time 
 to the ])rescni., of late years increasinj^ steadily. About 1S19, Albert desHrisay, a young Methodist minister, stationed at 
 
 rpi)er Maccan ( Southam])lon K preached here once every third .Sunday and formed a small class, He was succeeded by 
 John Si:o\vb,'dl, Matthew Richey, and other notable men. A meeting house stood for many years on tlie site of the jire.sent 
 1). \V. Douglas' property, and was moved to the corner of Ma])le .\veime seventeen years ago, since which time it has done 
 duty as a Music Ilall, but is now a dry goods store, etc. There was a snudl burying ground at this site. I'or many years 
 
 this body has worshipped in a commodious edifice on Havelock Street. 
 
 THK ROM.\N CATHOMC CONC.RKG.^TION 
 
 Until of late yoars the Romaii Catholic Congregation has bjen small, but with the growth of the town, many of that 
 faith have settled here. The chajjel was formerly in the R. C. Cemetery on the Highlands, but was removed to Church St., 
 where it was the sanctuary until the ])resent handsome structure was erected. Hislio]) I'raser was jjriesi here about lorly years 
 ago. fui ,1 .^bort time, and boardeil \.ith the late James McLaughlan, who lived oj)posite the old Ha])tisl Missi<in House, in what 
 is now Ma])le .\ venue. This Body had uj) to 20 years ago, a monthly service ; but for years there has been a resi<ieut ])riest 
 and a regular Sunday service. 
 
 THK CHfRCH OF KNGI. \NI) 
 
 was as a matter of course early on the ground. Rev. Mr. Ivagleson wp.s in charge of the mission at I'ort Cumberland, and in 
 one of the skirmishes Ih.'U took ])lace during what is known as Ivddy's Rebellion, 1779-1777 — Mr. K. wiis carried away to New 
 Ivngland. He effected his escape, and returned and lalK)red for a time. But there does not .seem to have been a resident 
 
 clergyman in .\mherst until 1.S23. Previous to that (Lite, tlie B;;])tisms, Marri; ges and Bii ths, were recorded el.st where, ])er- 
 
 ha])S at vSt. I'anl's, Halifax. Canon Townsheiul has given .some interesting information as to the history of the I'arish Church. 
 
 Christ Chun 1' was ere .ted in 1S23. 
 
 The foundation was on the County Court House ground, but was taken np aiul removed a 
 mile below the ii>>.;i, to a site which, is now the church yard. Canon Townshend, feeling the gnat incovLiiieiice and disad- 
 vantage of thif. situation, a])i)lie(l to the Bishop for ])ermission to pull down the church, and to re-build it. .\fter ])er.severing 
 ,,;>'ne time the Court of .Session griiuted Mr. T's. applicition for a site on the Court House ground. The Bishoji refused to 
 sanction this ^ite, as he believed the .sessions coulil not give a valid title. I'iii.illy Mr. Kniffiii I'urdy gave one-eighth of an 
 acre, on which the church now stands. This building was ojjened for Divine service on Christmas day, 1842. .\t the laying 
 of the corner stone Lhe Chief Justice, .Sir Brenlon Halliburton, who was presi<ling in the Su])reme Court at the time, ofliciated, 
 and in his address stated that "on this very day fifty years ago, I nuu-ched through .\mher,st, in charge of a company of .soldiers, 
 en route for Halifa.x bv Ih .■ wav of I'arrsboro ;ind Windsor." 
 
 The Rev. J. W.'l). (^ray olliciated here, Feb. 1823, to Dec. 1H27 ; Rev. Richard B. Wiggins I'ob. 1.S2.S to S.-pt. 1.S29 , Re- . 
 (ieorgL- .S. ' .ivis, ( )ct 1.S29 to May iSv) ; among others h ■ soljniinzt'il Lhe iu irriag.- of t'l.' iat." R. K. and Mrs. Smith ; Oct. 1.S30 
 to 1S34 the Rev. R. B. Wiggins was again in charge. The Re\ . tk'orgc Townshend Ciuiie to .\niherst in iS_^4, and has held 
 llu' nflic.- < if rectfjr since that tini". .\iter more than half-a-ceuturv's service Mr. T. retired from the active ihuies of the 
 
 ,* 
 
 42 
 
Re- . 
 cl. 1S30 
 i;is held 
 of Uie 
 
 ])arish, living in I-tngland for sonic years, Init is at present in this country, enjoying the evening of life with his chiMrcn. The 
 church was enlarge<l and beautified under his tninistry. He was a most assiduous pastor, very kind to the sick ; and friendly 
 
 to evervbodv. He travelled and ministered in all the surrounciing country. He was Chairman of School Connnissiouers 
 for nearly forty years, giving his valuable services freely. Since Canon Townshend gave u]) the active duty of the jjarish it 
 has been performed, now about eleven years, by Pev. V. Iv. Harris, the zealous vicar in charge. 
 
 AMERic.\.\ ^n•;THuI)l.^'r ivpiscoi'ai, ciuucii. 
 .\ neat meeting house was some years ago built on the Highlands, for the use of the colored ])co]ile. 
 
 Several j)astors 
 
 of the I".pisco])al Methodist Aineric;ni church, have been stationed here, eaiii staying three years or less. This body has 
 ;dso a comfortable parsonage. They are visited by a Uishop and other brethren from time to time. .As a result of their 
 
 labors, the {)eoi)le stand much higher morally and financially, nuiiiy of them h.ive res])ect;d)le ])ro])erties. Tnev area standing 
 exain])le like their .\nglo vSaxon neighbours, of the truth tliat Righteousness exalteth a nation. Rev. Messrs. IJrown, Hill 
 
 Crosbv, and Hartlv, have been th.e most notable of their ministers. Rev. Mr. l'hip])s, is at ])resent in chaige of this congre- 
 
 gation. 
 
 TH1-: rRi:.snvTi:i<i.KN'.s. 
 
 The grantees of the townshi]) being many of them Presbyterian:; from the North of Ireland, a meeting lu)u,se for that 
 ])ersuasion was erected on the X. Iv side of the old burying-ground in wl'.at became a part of the farm of the late luioch 
 lunbree. In Doctor James McCiregor's Life there are references to a visit made to tliis congreg.'.tion, and of his unsuccessful 
 attempt to .secure a stated ministn- for tliem. .\ gentL'inan ( name not given ) went to I'ictou to crave a sup])ly. witii a ])eti- 
 tion subscribefl by a munbcr of per.sons here. This person on his return brought the good man with him, both being on 
 horseback. Dr. Mc(i. says : " They were a pious, intelligent people, who much regretted their situ;ition, destitute of a 
 
 gospel minister." Hefore he left them they signed a petition to the Seces.sion Synod in Scotland for a minister, \\lii( h he 
 transmitted. He represeut.-d " that the .\mher.st Presbyterians were not mnnerous, but the neighborhood was ])o])nlous and 
 without ministers." This was in I7S,S. Though promises weri' made by one or two, none came. In 1 Sot), or thereabouts, 
 
 the Rev. George Mitchell staid a short time and then removed to River John. There was also a Rev. John I.iddell, jia.slor 
 alxtnt 1S20. He supplemented his other labors by teaching school for two years. Probably a Mr. Wilson was ])aslor a 
 
 short time. 
 
 THH RKI'ORMi::: PRICSliVTHKIAN. 
 
 The second stage in the history of Presbyterians here, begins with the arrival of Rev. A1"x:iiicl.'r Clarke in 1S27. Mr 
 
 Clarke spent a long life in promulgating the ti )S])el as held by the RefoniU'il Presbyterian churcli. His fiold of lab,)r em» 
 
 43 
 
■m 
 
 nmnion, hut owing to physical bmik-.lown, removed to the L. b. and .he.l 
 
 I'KHSHVTKRIAN ClirRCH OF CANADA- 
 
 The th,nl step in connection with this ne.K~tun. . t,. ^^^^ 3^^^^,^!!^ tl^S^^of fZ^^ 
 
 Cana.la. First nieeting ni a hall, V''^^'^'''^'^^^ "' ^u ^.A "fhos Ta^^^^^ l^^'v. iM-e.lerick Archibal.l , also deceased, ) 
 
 an.l \-ictoria Streets. Their .nunstevs have ' ^^" «• ;• \^ ,,V^ -ate Their house of worship has been once enlarge<l and 
 
 and Rev. D. McCVregor who is now m the eleventh >ear ot Ins pa.sioiaie. 
 lately a new organ has been built. .r„,.; SAl.v.vrioN akmv 
 
 .ave also pitche.l their tent here, and are endeavoring in their own .vay^naUe^ npon the citadel of the enemy. 
 
 ... — ri^d sr ^'"!r- -^^-^^:£-^^^^^^ -^-^' '-^^ "^^"^^' ' ^'"'^ ' ^^'^ 
 
 Except the Lord build the City they labor in vain who build it 
 
 44 
 
his sphere 
 t, about two 
 tiiod of the 
 [rew Galley, 
 '. I). He 
 
 f that Coin- 
 
 1 Church of 
 )f T.awreiice 
 io deceased, ) 
 .'idargedand 
 
 uiy. 
 
 and it will 
 
 CHARLES R. SMITH, Q. C. H. Wyckoff Hogers, L. L. B, 
 
 BARRISTER, AT LAW. 
 NOTARY, '^T'- -n 
 
 Lawrence vStreet. - - Amherst, X. S. Aj^enl Leadin.-r iMrc cS: Life Ins . Co's . 
 
 SOLICITOR ETC. 
 
 iJiiiik Huildiiiu-, AiuluTst. 
 
 H. J. LOQAN, L. L. B. C. E. CASEY, L. L. B, j. m. TOWNSHEND, Q C, T SHERMAN ROGERS. 
 
 LOGAN & CASEY. 
 Barristers, Solicitors, etc. 
 
 IJliU'k's Stone IMock. Amlierst 
 
 TOWN.SHEND & ROGERS, 
 
 ^^~- — SOLICITORS ETC. 
 
 A^eiit.s Fire & Life lusiirnuceCo. liiiiik I'uildilio'. .. Aliilii'i'st. 
 
 D. C. ALLAN, M. D. 
 
 Aiitisoi.tic SnroH'rv and Diseases William T. PlpeS Q. C. 
 ot Women a specialty. 
 
 Offices and Residence : Barrister at LiaW. 
 
 2:) Crescent Ave.. Amlierst. X.S. 
 
 D. R. Pridham, 
 
 PHOTOGRAPHER 
 
 Music Hall Hjock, - Amlierst, X. S. 
 
 W. Frederick Donkin. 
 
 BARRISTER AT LAW. 
 
 I»]acks Stone I>lock. Amlierst. 
 
 d. Alder Davis, 
 Barrister at liaw. 
 
 N. AVER, M. D. 
 
 (3fficc and Residence next I)ou.^las iS: 
 Co's Store. 
 
 C. A. McQUEEN, M. D. 
 
 M. R. C. S. ENGLAND. 
 
 I)Tsi;.\si:s oi- Till.; I';vi;, IC.\k, X: Tiiko.xt 
 
 A SPECIALTY 
 
 onice Hours, 9 to 11, 2 to 4, an<i 7 lo i^. 
 
 OFFICE 
 
 Victoria, vSl. - - - Ainhersl, X. vS. 
 
"%, 
 
 th'' 
 
 % 
 
 
 .;.t; 
 
 # 
 
 
 1 
 
 CLAUDE t)fL ULAOK, PRINTER, AMHERST, N. S.