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UEPRlN'liO) WITHOUT ABRIDGEMENT, FROM EDITION OF 1701. EDITED, WITH A MEMOIR OF THE AUTHOR, BY THE REV. THOMAS THOMSON. TORONTO : THOMAS MACLEAR, 45, YONGE STREET. 1853. ■ •**?$, TH '%r' As the tT^ Fleming hav Bhall briefly i proceed to th of Papacy." Mr. Rober of which pai received the with a view t Andrews; an( of the parish < for, in conseqi along with fou to prostrate th In conseqiK nc which Fleming shelter in Lone pastoral chai'g gladly accepte( able, and zeal works, the chie was highly pri; most eminent tl great portion ol -*?' LIFE OF THE mv, KOBEi^T FLEMING > J UN. Ab the two orairaent individuals who bore the name of n.y.. * recwved u,e elemenl. „f „ liberal ami le^nTed e, l.r I" '"""« «ith . .lew to the -taLirj, at ,te Un vmUta rfEd ? .° ' "^ ofll.epari,h»fC.mb„,la„B. Hare h. ramainai bu Ir^l "^ for, in cansaquenaa or the nassina nf II,. m V ^"^ ' .op.-o.tra,atha.ibartiaaaf.haCb„rele:. 'tr.ttafl'r'"''' .-oUorja Lo„L, f^SliaXri^riaSr. "^d" pastoral charee of tho «!^Ata n u "'""» mvitea to the second .Ud.. aaaaptal '"tXa^lirrir :;?S^^^ able, and zealous minister nnrJ ,.i«. . '"" ""^es of a faithful, - higb,„,.i.e<, b, aar fatber,, .I'lo°^y'°r^,^^::^C most emiiifiiif t^lo/^u«;„„l fi. ... . ' •' '"errca to by the great portion o7;h;':ig;;;::nenln.v ^He^f *'' ""°*''"*' ^'^ ' bateenin centui j . He also occasionally repaired IV LIFE OF THE HEY. EOBERT FLEMING. to London, after the accession of William III., where his learning and piety insured him an aflFectionatc welcome from the most eminent in the religious world. It was in one of these visits in 1G94 that he was attacked with his last illness, and after a short struggle, he expired at the age of sixty-four, ^ The exact period of the birth of Robert Fleming, junior, author of the foUowmg work, cannot now be ascertained. It appears, however that he was born at Cambusland, during the short incombency of hia father there ; and that on the ejection of the latter, Robert, who must still have been in mere boyhood, if not absolute infancy, composed one of a young family of seven children, who were thus bereaved of paternal care, and thrown upon the wide world. But that gracious and heavenly Father, for whose cause all this destitution had been incurred, did not suffer them to want; but, on the contrary, provided them with every comfort thut was fitting for them. On the settlement of their parent in Holland, Robert and the rest of the family who some time previously had been deprived of their mother by death repaired to Rotterdam. ' Whatever education Robert had received before this period must have been of a desultoiy character, and liable to many interruptions • but in a mind of such an active and inquiring disposition, it generaUy happens that such obstacles, so far from impe(Ung, only nerve for stronger and more successful efforts. After having been again settled under paternal superintendence, he continued his studies with re- doubled ardour, and with tl c purpose of devoting them to the work of the ministry. Of his diligence, indeed, in preliminary studies, and the proficiency he made in classical and Biblical learning, there are ample proofs, not only in the general tenor of his after-life, but the writings he bequeathed to posterity. Of the solemn view which ho took of the responsibility of the ministerial work, and the nature of the preparation required for it, he has given us a copious and interesting account, in the preface to his learned work, entitled "Christology " "When I had passed," he says, "the ordinary course of school and academical studies, and had resolved to devote my life wholly to the study of divinty, with the joint approbation of my friends and teachers, I thought it my duty to bind myself by a solemn resolution before God to prosecute that sacred work with the utmost intention of mind divesting myself as far as possibly I could from all prejudices arising either from t>fliif>ntinn qv i.ifni./»t,f \~.,\ r i.„ ,^ i .i ? i j . J. ,.!. .jjj^i J. iiavc I'eacsoii to ihank God that (while I was very young) my overhearing my father solemnly ^mm>t^ declare 1 did leave tion very experienc The ref diligence, fellow-stu digest coE that had cases. H tion, and i "without ii frequently think and want of a< as confider teen the m that by the more thoro himself, ai After havir the classica fathers of with great writings die but revertec and Rabini head, Thu flcholastic tl application; and having, was so desir tion to that soul can bc£ flowing. Hi " But when survey of lea relish, and ii there was m inuch_study i Icaraing and t eminent in i that he was , he expired )r, author of Ts, howerer, bency of his % who mtist 5^, composed bereaved of hat gracious )n had been ry, provided e settlement family, who >r by death, period must temiptions ; it generally ynervo for gain settled es with re- the work of tudies, and J, there are life, but the fr which ho ature of the interesting liristology." Bchool and lolly to the id teachers, before God 1 of mind, ices arising thank God r solemnly LIFE OF THE REV. EGBERT FLEMING. y declare to some particular friends that he had all along acted thus did leave such an impression on my mind, that I took up thtre o"u tion very early, though not so solemnly as afterwards, when time and expenence had further ripened and improved my reason^' diltLTtlTtt^lf '"'''; '^^"^"^ ^"^^"^'^ ^''^ extraordinary ^lUgence, both at the University of Leydeu and that of Utrecht. Hi, fellow-students were content to use tlie lectures of the profes!^rs and diges compends of theology ; he, on the contrary, procCedX VoL ca s He r T^T f •', '" ^^' ^^'^^"^^ ^"^^--•*-^ P-^s -^ Torand'^irhrorwor ^z^-'^''-'- -''- «^ «^^ ^- •ii. X . """ "'v" woras. Ams bold experiment, however wnqtinf Tnthout Its disadvantages. <.Imust own;" he saVr^.Z; i' a! frequent^, nonplussed, and rendered pendulous arfd^ubttlw J tiimk and beheve in several cases. I lamented my own weaklr and :::o:i^iT:r' ''^''''''^' incomparisoLfothT^'r;: tJ^t V r °P'°'''' '^'^' '""^^ ^^«"lt things as if they had ^een the mos facile." He comforted himself, howeve," the hought lr?r ""If r'° '' ^^"^'^ ^^^''^ ^« ^-^ -^opted, he had learned Mmserrd'f , ' """"'"^'^ "'*'"^^ ^^'^ ^^'-'^ - opini n from himself, and had anquirod towards them a more enlarged charity After having thus studied the controversies of the day he tZld f^ farerrrr^^^^^^ "'° ^^-^^^^^^^ °^ *«« Heathen ';o'l,rdt^^^^ fathers of the Christian Chui-ch. These he examined suicessivdy mth^ grea diligence and care; and perceiving that the PaWstic out revolted often to traditional sources, he fell back upon the Jewish .uoh:.«, was „ .«,,.. I, .Lo «;Z„;;r.;LT-tor vi LIFE OF THE REV. ROBERT FLEMING. tion of epirit were themselves entailed upon this, as well as unon all other thmgs that the children of Adam busied themseesabTut resolved therefore, to betake myself for the future to tte stud/ of the of other books than as they might become subservient to me in the undex-standing and improvement of the same. For I may s"y tuW awof God was exceeding broad, as appearing still greater and o^reater the more it was searched into and understood." ^ tu^»r ^T'"^, ""'^ *^'"' ''"'"^'^ ^'^^ investigated, and finally re- turned exclusively to the Source of all light and charitv T„ privately ordained in Rotterdam, butwithourbeing set apaS over Zl mamed about four yen r<5 sHii «„u;,. *• ., ""cieiie re- studies- and fW , f ''"^^'''^^'"S assiduously his theological studies and there, also he published several poetical productfons father in 1694, he was invited by the Presbyterian Church at Rott.r dam to succeed their deceased nns+«^ i • ^nurcn at Kotter- deprecated his remova Much "^ 7" congregation earnestly To console h ffltre/fl k tt TT'T^"' °' *'" ''^""^"^ ^-r- .nd that Fle„i„, ,„„„ have been Xd ,„ i ta .LTm ' .mportaijt charge which ho held „t Rottcvdam hn^^ ' * ^ continue to be the case He I,„H ll„ !•„? ' . "'' ''"' °°' '""S when a Scottish ( Hall, Lo some un On this minister is said, a' interestec himself, •« been add been pers and wishe length th iliscussion middle of After tL laborious i iated, he t .«elf either «^ '*"-^- some unTr' '' '^''''''''' '^' ^^^- N^°'^«^^« Bl'^iWe, had be- ^Jn inis occasion they anxiously inquired for a successor and bnfh iTs^Td airtn;r'r ''-'- ^'-^-"i>-^^ir. uZTiiX t Zej;! l?;; ^^-^----us application of two parties so greatly Wmself i, \ 1 "'"' ''"' '^•■^•^^^^^ ^^ ^ third-e.en that of William bTnair , """^ ''* ""'' ^'°^^^ «° «'« «^^°''« «f Britain. It ha^ beenpers ''„T"""^' *^^^ ^^« ^-^' -^^^^ Prince of Orange had fnd J r , f "^ ^^''''^"* "^ ^^^'^'"'"S'^ l«»^-^»g> tolents, and worth «nd wished to secure them for the country over which hi ^ed At length the caU of the P^'esbyterian Chm-ch in Lothbury a^er much X::7\e7s: ''''''-'- ^-^ ^^^-^^^^-mo their mfnisr:ro lafari 1 „ lauuiui an inc. Although so repeatedly trans ijowwas BO mean tenptoti,,, f„,. „„e .0 *v„ J ,„™1:' "il »«e„f.ffi„»„„p,^ed before him, „po„ ,M«h ehaTX'tol, ^1.h7 " """' '""" ""' '''"■■ »° «'» «™""y. >"» profound ml S™Fi~- =f;St^-::-r^^^^^^^ Wt ;u riTs i;,"""!;"^ '^" ^'^ *'^ management of Scottish affZ but such was the modesty of the presbyter, that these interviews a h.s own earaestrequest, were always conducted in secrecy ' JotnlTtlt'^' of this excellent divii^e were clouded with sorrow on trr!. p .'^''*""^ '*'*" '^ P"^^^'' ^^^'' «^'d the dangers with ''^L^\!2T'''r 1 '" ^"""^^^ ''^' "^^--^'- '^'« -^fi '• JishSof Ir ;^ "'^"^"^^ or thwart the estab- Jishment of the house of Hanover, according to tho nr«,inn,:„„„„„ ,,• /^^our owp personal interests ; the unscrupulous machinVtionT'of pilpiU r]! vm LIFE OF THE REV. ROBEET FLEMING. emisswies; the growing ascendency of Romish superstition ; and the risk of a Popish successor with which the throne was incessantly threatened -these melancholy prospects constantly before him for years, preyed upon his gentle spirit and delicate constitution, and finally hurried him to the grave. Ho died in London, in May 24, 1716. It was amidst these despondent feelings and intense anxieties that Fleming pubUshed his ''Discourse on the Rise and Fall of the Papacy." At this time the power of France was at the height, and William III. was maintaining against it what appeared to aU but him- self a most unsuccessful and hopeless struggle, while his most secret plans and measures were hourly sold by his servants to the Courts of Pans and St. Germdn. It was even then that Fleming, studying the in- terpretation of prophecy in a conscientious and modest spirit, believed that he beheld, in the pouring out of the fourth vial, the destruction of the French monarchy and the fearful events with which it was to be accompanied. And how were these conjectures and guesses, as he so diffidently terms them, received? We have no means of learning the amount of attention they obtained, or the degree of faith with which they were regarded; perhaps, indeed, they were considered the fond reveries of a dreamer yearning for the accomplishment of events which, however desirable in themselves, were yet of all the most unUkely, or even impossible. But time rolled on, until nearly a cen- tury afterward, when these astonishing predictions were fulfilled to the letter. The French monarchy was indeed extinguished in a fire of revolutionary principles, after, by its support of America, it had scorched the regal dominions of Britain. It was in the commencement of 1793, when the horrors of the revolution were at the wildest, and When Lorns XVI. was about to perirh ignominiously upon the scaffold, ttiat Fleming's improbable predictions, written nearly a hundred years before, were recalled to memory, and brought before public attention not onjy by extracts published in newspapers, but reprints of the work Itself, both in England and America. The sensation they pro- duced was deep, thrilling, and universal ; and it is even alleged, that they constituted a powerful dissuasive, under the managen^ent of the the liberal party, against the fatal war into which Britain was about to enter with republican Franco. After these wars had passed away, the warning volume was laid aside, as if the emergency had passed, and nothing more were needed But was this a wise indifference ? Mighty and more fearful Apocalyp- tical events .nm vi^t tn Ur. AjIcii^.j xi », . . . *^ ■"^ "" ■'" ..Jiniic*. tiirui X' rcncn revoiutioiiff, and we stand in ' is gathei energies, ambition I nature o: ' Here, the [positor, ^ • other exp I rect, in s [remain to all events can be too I the shadoT I might be J commend (exposition. When th how little w Everywhere great care c buy and sell city— "Ishi decreed it, a the earth, t tent, and the hours what s of Europe b^ itupendous ri ould not thu >r less the ot] ortex. Acc( •osition and s 'f Italy and hile the nati emancipated i 'ean war, mo not the wc :iNG. Jtition ; and the risk Bssantly threatened for years, preyed id finally hurried 1716. Q3e anxieties that and Fall of the t the height, and red to all but him- le his most secret 3 to the Courts of ;, studying the in- !st spirit, believed , the destruction ?hich it was to bo guesses, as he so cans of learning ee of faith with re considered the ishment of events of all the most itil nearly a cen- re fulfilled to the shed in a fire of 4.merica, it had 8 commencement the wildest, and pon the scafibld, a hundred years public attention, reprin '^ of the sation they pro- en alleged, that lagenxent of the itain was about LIFE OF THE RKY. KOBERT FLEMING. « stand in the midst of these Pvr.r,t« a 13 gathering upon the soul of n^o tZ^iT?''''''''" "'^"'^■"'''^^ energies, than ever yet cmarated fl « "^'^ and wither its ambition. Ana it l^comeT .To aZ^^tT'''^' ""^' ^^^"^'^ nature of the melancholy present or tl'ni^ '^ ""'""' '^' ^"" 'Here, then, is the question: Z no uT '"''', "^P^^"'"^ ^"*"^«- positor, who so strangely an^ 3 , T'' ''"'^ ^'^P»««i«"ate ex- I other expositor had eSZed r "^ '''"f "^ "^^^'^^"^ ^^^^ "« I rect, in some cases at iTj^^TLTe' ' !"' '' ^'^"^"^ ^^^- remain to be fulfilled '^ Is nJZ^ ^'"^ '^^''^^^ ^^^«J^ ««!! all events worth thf trou e TrZlZ^'^lTTr "^^ '''' ^ can be too great, that would 1! ^- , ^""^ ^^^^^ '^"^ ^ni^iry theshadowLf omlra^^ that h "^ " ^'^^^^^^^'^^^ ^^-^ forlarj (commend the reader to „ r. ^f,^J "^'*'^ t^^ese questions we exposition. *' '^ ™°'^* ^'''^'^' P«™sal of the following »lurae was laid re were needed, arful 7\pocalyp- utioiiri, and we [Everywhere there was pelce and T^ "'''''''^ ''' '"^^' "^ P^''^*^-' Igreat care of nations as well a«- 5 ^^T' «^ P^-^^P-^^ty ; and the Ibuy and sell, while the TanguLe of tl^ ' "" '° "" '^"^ ^^^P' *« 'city-" I shall see no sorrof '' Vul ItV ""*' *'"* '^^ *^^ ^'««™«^ decreed it, and therefore Ih" as ouickW^"' 'J^^^ '"'' "*^^-^- the earth, and its abund n e "ith^ed anT^ '^^ ^^^^-^ ^PO" tent, and the love of chance fTI! ' 7"^ ''""* *"^'"*' ^l'««°"- Urs what seemed toTavf beef he Jo^k' f 7''^''''''' ^" '^ ^- of Europe became giddy as ZvlliTT ''"*""'' ' '^'^'^ *^« ^^^^^ Stupendous revolutifn "^jj" fZc « o"'"V'" "^'' "^""-^ "^ *'^'^' 'ould not thus convert hersefw' ^''''''' '^ ^'^''''''^ P^^^'^^^s. .r less the othrpre^fo^E r^^ rft^^^^^^^ f ^1 T^^'"^ ^^^ ■ortex. Accordinely in „ w 7 "* "^'°'''' *'^^™ »»to the ;o«o„ „„, aspc^f ^; r, L LIT ■urj,:::;r"V" *" 'f Italy and Polanrl ].«!i *i "'^eiea. ihe oppressed countries •mancipaw aSd Tel T! ,1 ''™p°^ '"'°'''"' "'"""'^ "8»"«» *« .ea» war, „„.. ,*':, r„rr:;., ^r" '"'r°™ °' " '^"""- X LIFE OF THE REV. ROBERT FLEMINO. dmded against itself; ami the sword is drawn as relentlessly by the people against their own ancient dynasties, and timr-honoured aristo- «racies, as against those foreign and hereditary antagonists whom they are armed to oppose. , ' Little did n'Pn dream, at the commencement of this year of which flohttlehasyet elapsed, what great political changes were to make ^ 1848 so important and so astounding an era in history. One man pre- j dieted It; but he had died nearly a century and a half ago, so that he had almost fallen out of remembrance. People were startled, indeed vrhen they found how exactly his prediction of the downfall of the French monarchy was verified by the event; but when their wonder- ment ceased they thought it W.S but an accidenfc-a random guesa which mere chance had accomplished. But his further expositions of the Apocalypse respecting the events of the present day, and under MThich we alternately tremble with apprehension, or wvithe with an- guish, will compel us, even for very selfishness, to awake. "Whither " we will ask, " do these events tend ? What wiU be the period of the'ir termination? What in the meantime, will be their eifect upon the kingdoms of the earth — and upon ourselves ?" The year 1848 is with Fleming a year fraught, according to his in- terpretation of prophetic writ, with events of all-absorbing importance Speaking of Italy, he says, " The fifth vial, which is to be poured out on the seat of the Beast, or the dominions that more immediately belong to, and depend^pon, the Roman See; that, I say, this judgment mil probably begin about the year 1794, and expire about the year 1848 " How this accurate culculation has been verified we know. The at- tempt to wrest Italy from Austria, which commenced on the part of France in the very year Sj. dfied, inflicted such an out-pouring of calamity upon the devoted land as could only be exceeded by the crushing despotism of Austria when she recovered the dominion It is worthy of remark, too, that under the auguish of this fifth vial the people - gnawed their tongues for very pain"-an expression not else- ivhere used ; and where was there a people more lively and loquacious ond yet so completely gagged into silence as the Italians? They dai-od not murmur ; such was the will of their Austi-ian lords; and ihe pro •hibition maddened them into frenzy. It is added, " They repented not of their deeds ;" and it is notorious that in Italy, during these terrible inflictions, the soule of the people were untouched. The Papists Beemed to become more besotted, the infidels more unbelieving and ije*v?n-(ic.fying, the projligato more sensual ajiU luxuj-ious than ever, But in 1848, [was to expir [rising into th Jbe heard. It jwhich he anti Jlieves, the co pot rapid am jthough sure Jthis vial will Iwoaken it) for |is poured out ifty-two years the destructloi the reign of tl the accomplish recorded, then 'uch as statesi if their only te If they would 1 the same volun: We had marl » this short n bought that s'li md inquiry of t igain recommen ■ounded, and of ?0. Jlentlessly by the •honoured aristo- itagonists ■whom us year of which es were to make • One man pre- ^ ago, BO that he itartled, indeed, downfall of the m their wonder- a random guess ir expositions of iay, and under wdthe with an- ke. "Whither," 8 period of their effect upon the )rding to his in- ing importance. >e poured out on mediately belong i judgment wiUj the year 1848." i:now. The at- 1 on the part of I out-pouring off ceeded by the ominion. It is I is fifth rial the 2ssion not else- md loquacious, s? They darad ; and the pro- y repented not ; these terrible The Papists Qbelieving antj ous than ever, ' I^IFE OF TUE REV. KOBERT ILEUim. xi which he anticipates'as «;n:S. 8^^- "'^ °" '' ''^'^ Iheves, the commencement also of fl.n i . „ '^' "' ''° ^^'^ ^e- (not rapid and sud.len, a some h/v f .7 '" "''''' ^"^P^^^ P«^«r- though sure progres;ion " y;:; ^ ^ ""'"^ b"* by gradual this vial will totally destroy the JW M ""'"f ""' ^' ''^'' " '^'^^ weaken it) for we find thisTti'l in hT ^ ^^^'^ '' ^^"' c^cceedingly la poured out." Fro^ 848 \ "20 J' !"' ""^^ *'^° -'^^ ^^^^ f5%-two years, he contemplates as the int ""T. "' '''' '"'^^^^'^ ^^^ 'the destruction of Antichrist and ../v""'^ '^'^^'^'^ '^' '^'<^^y and the reign of the glori^^^tin^ni 'j 'trr '' ''' ''''''^'^^'' the accomplishment of an event the n,n«7 "''" "^"""^'^ ^^''^' ^^^ recorded, there should be re - h t ^Tn LlT"'"; ''^* '''' ""'^'^^ 'uchas statesmen have never 1^/1, T ^"""^ *^^* '°t«rval f their only text book is rtoAdtf >/''"• "'^'^* ^^'^ *W do. f they would but take tl Jlln' ^c ntoHi:: t^ ' ^"^'^'» ' the same volume that predicted them. "'"^ these events from [bought that such a proces wJd to! T! ''""^^''^''ation it was -ci inquiry of the re a'der Th 3 I'rrt^ ""**^" *^^ ™^^"'^*-" ^gain recommended, for it speaks of evenNf ^T"' *'"' "^'"™« '» -nded, and Of Which his ohSliCp'^:?;^^^^^^^^ -ow sur- I in |PHlNCIPAt BE< OF ni8 I C My Lore T] land tho hapj jonly encourag I Discourses, b» |that I do so. And since I Lordship, in ( las that of Pi [obliged to laj J world the gra Ivour; and tho I mo tho satisfi I offer. But seeing I have declined i I therefore I m I derations of ai from tho true p straightening < w S thcj wore) the TO THE RIGHT HONOURABLE JOHN, LORD CARMICHAEL, IPKlNClPAt SECHETAKT of state for the kingdom of SCOTLAND, ONE OF HIS MAJESTY'S MOST IIO-OCnABLE PBIVY COUNCIL, AND CHANCELLOR OP THE COLLEGE OF GLASGOW. My Lord, I J XI. , '^^^ ^^"'^"^ ^ ''*^® ^° ^^'"S eclated to your Lordship. Iai,d the happiness I enjoy in being acquainted with you, do not ■only encourage me to prefix your Lordship's name to the following Discourses, but allow mc also to believe you will not take it amiss I that I do so. It ^°^.^^^<^« y<^" *^»^e so lately laid mo under now ties to your ILordship, m designing my promotion to so considerable an oflSce as that of Principal of the College of Glasgow, I find myself obliged to lay hold on this first opportunity of declaring to the world the grateful sense I have of so great and undeserved a fa- vour ; and the rather, because my circumstances have not allowed mo the satisfaction of complying with so kind and generous an I offer. But seeing it is to my own loss and disadvantage only that I havo declined so very honourable and beneficial a place, and that therefore I must bo supposed to have acted thus from consi- derations of another nature, I know your Lordship will judge, I from the true regard you have to conscience yourself, that some I straightening circumstances of this kind must have been (as in- they were) the only rcmom that prevented my being so happy as 11 J :..- 1 ! ; f 1 14 UEDICATION. your LordHhip do^igncd I should ; and that therefore you will not Lane' "' ""' '" '" '"''''' ^'^ ^^ ^^ ^'^"^^ »^"t .^ '„t- I am not mo-io for flattery, and I know your Lordshin in h, abovc^jt ; and therefore I shall not say anything her/'X ev- of JUS encommm- because as your character is «o public S needs .t not. so your modesty is so great that I know'any a tteJ of this kmd would be unwelcome and uneasy to you I shall therefore only tell your Lordship, that as 1 question not but you have the good wishes of all honest men that know Z t I reckon myself peculiarly obliged to beg of God thaTyou ma! long bepreserved, jointly to serve God and your prince the Chu J and your country, with the same unshaken constancy, unbL fa^lf ^'•.?^,*^'* ^''^ "^'^ ^^''' y'^ ^^^ your honourable My Lord, THE Your Lordship's most obliged, And most obedient Servant, ROBERT FLEMING. TO ALL Mr TRU CULARLT TO : THE ORUBOH : Mr Dear ] m desires of a gr( to break loose f to Bay, in the V of my friends h must therefore defend this pub supposed to fal friends. For tl argument, to p] known to severa had not been ti me. For as I a notice of has in view, so do I su] ment from this r me to shake off 1 Tc you will nofi t, but my mis Jordship to be r* by way even > public that it w any attenr (t 1. I question not t knoT»r you, so that you may ce, the Church icy, unbiassed! hitherto been ir honourable tornal felicity and constant AK EPISTOLARY DISCOURSE CONCEHNINO THE RISE AND FALL OF PAPACY. TO ALL Mt TRUE AND GOOD FRIENDS EVERYWHERE, BUT MORE PARTI' COLARLT TO THE WORTHY GENTLEMEN AND OTHERS THAT COMPOSE THB ORUROH TO WHICH I AM NOW RELATED AS MINISTER. nt, LEMING. Mt Dear Fbievds, , . , ^^ compliance with the frequent and repeated desires Of a great many of you, I suffer the following Discourse* to break loose from their fellows, to take their fortune, as we use to Bay m the wide world. And, seeing the candour of so many of my friends has made them think they might not be unuseful I must therefore cxpecrt that they will, from the same principle, defend this publication of them against the censures they may be supposed to fall under, both from open enemies and pretended friends. For though it be a common, and, as it were, threadbare argument, to plead importunity in this cas',, yet it is sufficiently known to several of you, that if it had not been for this, the world had not been troubled with anything further of this kind from me. For as I am sure ro affectation to be more known or taken notice of has influenced me to present these Discourses to public view, so do I suppose it is not unknown to some of you that retire- mentfrom this noisy and vain world has ever been the sum of my a!r.,^t.ion, escjting when public work and service have obliged me to Bhake off the bdoved fetters of so dear a confinement. #1 l(i A DISCuUlCaE Ou.N KRUIi^o m - Nlyl:thI;i^:r^"T" ^''-^•"owin.o.ay, than the th rd lul tl If "• """:' -""'^ "'''^«''^" t^ "•« printing of when wo ontr ^o^r^^:^^^^^^ consented to ru.;,^ ! 7 ' ^^"^"^^ 5 which I have tho rather " i-»uum to print now, because it cloth not only suit with th. Bccond I),.co«rHo, but booau.so I remember nevera L«o or f 1 J .mporfect copies, were taken of it, when I Z:^^^^ '^^ you "lhom'7 r """' •' ■'"""""■'' """'"'■"'"^ "PpropriaW to from „, .,„„ „,p„„^ f„, ^„„ ^^^^^,J^ ' I- ' w»h m„ f «.o:;tr^i;'r r oEi::r ^irr'r you with at your own -^'*;-'"«"P<>°'i«lo'"attera„rmodcsofwor snip aj, , , .,rt.,sir,;,, yet I can «incm,lv «av Ih-* .k-.,.j ■ tUf i Mvinol^r selves whii from quar rejoico in in ray life miticH ha^ pride or v last dnuHC "Finally, are vonoa jture, w'- report; if those thill received, ii ehall bo vvi For, in «ecret8 of f a sincere c tho tiling t work of til under more labour in i never gave odious nanii for, as I ha\ to the great to their becc and blessed ftny vanity o but all other that there ii much as t^) t ■ion over to i: seeking eith^ few that can some men of be induced t( of any of tho The diffore -b2 RISK AND FAI,[, OK THE PAPACY. 17 vin/^osHuyH, tliun lat as tho firat oJ ) rise to tho pub- to tlio printin/; of ity of preaching, loro in London, i8iro tho publicor 0(1 upon tlio pas- 1098, the somo ^iscourao, which lot apart to tho have tho rather y suit with tho False, or at least rst deliver it. Srst aH to tini j) myself in some fatory address ; ?lish Church of I stood related rather mention ) still upon my ppropriatcd to I th and related uinnor address) ir with mo, ifj u a while here I Apocalyptical! 1 I do prosenM eath, u. j^t'ii.irt iiing t , '..-v,, ;,J that v.lialcverj 'ith this, may! ur soul's wel- iigh I am notj nodes of wor- 4. ,.U_--1J ii I r>ivuio 1 r,,nden.:e call ui« to lay down my life for tho tnitlis tl.em- Belvea which I have preached am.m;? you, I hopo I «houlil hoHofi* from quarrelling with tho procoduroof G..d this way, that I hIi, ild Mjoico in such a martyrdom ; and I hope I ha^.i riot contradicted in my life what I have preached in tho pulpit, whiitever my infi - mitjCH havo Imen. So I presume, it will not bo looked upon m pride or vanity if I siy, wifh tho great ap^.^tlr (though «« to tho Iftflt clause I dm,- not pretc.id to havo boon nny pattern to you.) •— ' 1-inally, brothrr,n, whatsoever things are true, whatsoever things ore vene-ablo, whatsoever things arc just, what-^oover things are ruiyj, wb ,1.. ,..ver things arc K»velv, what.Mncr things arc of goo«l report ; .f there bo any virtue, an.l if there be any praise, think of those t nngH. Those things wbi.-h yo have both loarne.l and received, and heard and seen in mo, do; and the God of rn^ac* «hall bo with you." (PhiL iv. is. <>.) *^ For, in the xecona place, I tli.i.k God that he that knows the «ec_rets of all hearts doth testify together with my conscience that a sincere concern to bo useful to our couunon Christianity wiv, the thing that did at first influence mo to enter upon this great work of the ministry, and hath ever since engogcd me, though under more discouragements than most men, to continue and labour in it; so that it is matter of .sweet reflection to me that I never gave any occasion to brand our holy profession with the odious name of priestcraft, whatever any others may havo done- for as I have no other ambition than to engage and draw men ovo.' to tho great and catholic interests of Christianity itself, in order to their becoming tlx« foHow<5i-H and servants of our glorious (Jod and blessed Saviour, so I am sure I can confidently say, without any vanity or affectation (for which I dare appeal, not only to you but all others that have known mo e^ <>r since I began to preach)' that there is not one in tho world tl.at ever had just occasion so much as t.. think thai I did at any time attempt to bring any per- .on over .. iny way, as a party ; and as thus I have been far from seeking either honour, interest, or popularity, so there are not a few that can bear me witness that ! havo incurred the censures of Bomemen of very different denomination., because I could never be induced to think that religion did properly stand in tho ritual, of any of the contending parties. The differences, therefore, but e.poV.ally the animosities, that ! ; I (■ iJt! . ^iwi, m 18 A DISCOURSE COKGEmim a sacrifice, if I can be «upnosod ' ) '^'''^""y '^^ ^^^'^^ up «nd movements ofmy oTsotU Fo T^'^f '^^ '''''' ^^"^"'•'"t^ tion diiFer ft-om all otherTth J ^i" ^'':' ^^^"S'^ ^« ^^ this congrega- "-" i« this, IhatweaVe * "'' ^"*'^^P^«^^^^^^^ foundation, viz., in asfl aTw/''. '^ ''"'*' "P"" '^ ^'^tional government but keen fhp « ''"'^ *''^" the same Church «-th in her pubSdlt irti^tft ' t^ "'"^^'^ ^^ «-"-' «at.ves. and all of us as pro e^^ ' ^'^"^ r'''* '' "« ^'"'"'^ «« abstracting from this I nTn r ^'* ^ ^««* P«WicIy own that, K-ss and 'monopoS! ' the ^leTfT pT ^^'^ ^^^^^^ *^^* - hough I have ever looked upon othcrt T""^'' ^"^^'^'^^ ' ^<'r ^■^g and momentous than those un^ "'"^^'^^^'^''^'^^ «« ^ore edify- fifeat body and ours div 1 ""t ,T^ "T *''* ''^^'^ ^«P* *h«t ^"therto to find no reason t'litht'ir f "'^f"^'^ **^«"'' »« ^'ithstanding tho specious 1 , ^^ ^ '^''' ^'^"^'^ted in, not- -gainstusassohisrat :vr:ir^^"".'^'*^p-j"^-p-^ Therefore, in the M. -^ T r """'^"'^ "^ ^^'^^ ^« ^^^ «>' c^o.ign to reflect upon^ l/th"; .-7";' '"* '"^ (-*'^-* -J that I look upon that wav n ^ ^'""^ °^^ ^" ^«h matters) that has the fLs „ Jri! ^I ^^ ^^ '''"^*"'^ '"«*^*"*-° q-ently, most «piri uaJ .^Tand ' ""effected, and, conse: of Gospel ordinances, for 'T ''''TT' '"^ *^« Performance ^-ok which he did ufti™ ;id ""'"'r'^^^* «^^''' - - never attempted to retract or tf? , '"" *^ *^'^«^- ^^^' but to do: "Ce.'ainly tre "X cl'' "f r'"P^^' ""« "«^- '^hle with such a load of art es t^n^t t't "^ f'' "'' ^''^^^^ -"^"^ charged with, would much esJhn^rb" / I ^""''' "^^ "^«" ''^e Joubtful practices upon theml t l^^^^^^^ f ^ -P^-g There is nothing, then thaf H.„ ^ ^ <^hurch communion, "-f on in by t, traL^ 1 1 1^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^ ^--ve, more condescension, which was 'sed t f ! ^^^J^^' "moderation, arid ;t. It was never thought woHh th * ^T'^' ^ '^' ™'"^«" ^^ stilling. Trcn., j\ K':!, 08, was omino as acted h way of in Christians fornication men (but ] many unnc any such a' fully persu! for what re impositions (Rom. xiv. weak consci 12.) Is th: rather nevoi Cor. viii. 13 or their oavi Therefore their dccenc with a rovo poAver of thi seem matter; trumjiery ar( is swallowed glorious God goodness and self-abhorrcn human invcn or helps to de Whatever, call edificatio receive most { souls ; for if tution of bod\ are obliged to Jmposor tells ii it to be noxiou * Poo p. :\f. in I] Convocatior:, aui.5 p Jeen grievous afld ally be offered up of the sentimentB of this congrega- piscopal commu- upon a national he same Church irch of Scotland b of us belong as blicly own that, t party that en- f England ; for s as more edify- have kept that idered them, as lucatod in, not- I'ejudice people that we are so. I (without any such matters) in institution, d, and, conse- 5 performance '* says, in a fer from, but as never able t charge men »ges men are TJIE RISE AND FALL OF PAl>ACT. 10 ith imposing communion, ^serves more eration, arid members of ny standing It tradition, t observing Church, it vras omnicntJy so in the apostolical age (Acts xv. 28, 2!)) to whom as acted by tho Holy Ghost, it soomoa good to roqu re noZ^^ way of imposition but a very few noeossarv tilings, ^Vnt f^:SZl tl T^^ '""/""■^' '''-'' ^'^^^ ^'-".^lod,lt men (but I am sure not to tho Iluly Spirit) to impose a .re.t many unnecessary things on the conscioncos of ot e^s witlou any such allowance as was o-Iycn t'.m,, ih-u ""lo^s TMttiout fully l3ersuado<1 in T "" ■ r'.'™-^'"^^ ^^^'^'7 nmn should bo fui what regard have some men to this anostolic-il rule .v ,o. Vl • jmpos..^ ,,, . ,„,,,„^,,,,,i ^,^ !;it:;^ :^^ (l^om. xu lo, &c.), Wilbuut any regard to tJio woundino- of thZ ^ak consc,o„ces, upon the supposition thoy arc so? icl vH 12 Is tlus to nnitato tho apostle's tenderness, ,vl o re ^Iv d ^^^nev^ toeat fle.h than to ofR^nd any weak brc^l^' J tor vni. 13,) or do men tins way seek the things of Jo«as Christ or their own private en.ls and emohunents niosT? (P,,i, o\T' Therefore let znen dispute about fonns and c mn n L and then- decency or ncoc.sitv, ;,s long as thev nlo..e T / with a reverend Conforming mi is^-^ ^--^T:^', T"*; ^^ power of the world cannot make trifl s in t^;\; ^ V^V^'^ seem matters of hnportance to them that relis . h f wtt trumpery are habits, various gestures, and postures, to a manl" 1 swallowed up in the contemplation of the infuute nn.fe^of he glorious God or that is In^f ,•„ +i,„ • ,• \'^ "'''jcstyot the goodne,, and lovo „ Imf "nkLrZ T'" "*" """^ °' "" o^"h:5;-:r z;:;-' "° -- -- -^ •-> «- « "r:^ Whatever, then, be the various idea, and thewic, „f „.!„> call od,fl„,,ti«n, j.„t .till, a, none can di»p„(e ,™ " erf 1 , ' '"«on „f «, . ::. r:;a';:da;:! "nS™ ft,::: i^Ar:""'- iu»hono.„.„d.a!;:;^i:-tr;t::::;;:;;::~ rropotoj to tlm 20 A DISCOURSE CONCERNING bjj this, that s.; appr/rtt' ''")' '"z "^ ''''' ^^^-^ hixn ; so that, as Hborty ^001: Jk '"''"'"* "^ ^''^^"* ^^^ the other, unless we " b the he^th n7""T 'r '''' ^"^ '''' '' '" of our conscienees and "ccur ty 'f 1? T ^"'"^ ^'^^^^ ^'^^ P^^''^ • tice, when force is used < "n S.l f ' /' '^' '""^^^''y P^^«- Anti-Christian tyranny I !? "';'°^'''^" *'™ *^^^ *^^* of of what I find in ab Jic* I hn ', 7'^^""' ^™* ^'^^^^ "PP^ove eible reason ca^be " en'> ™ 7"'^"^^ "^^^''p- should not be suffi • n r ' " '^"^^"'■' " ^^'^^ «»«h things ^ufBcientLsalv^ton '"i;?"""'? ^^^^^ a Church which afe for that which a dLvtn 7 ""'' ''"^° ^^""^^ ^^« -ffi-e"* l^ our Lord ^^^ ^:';^Z'''^' '^''^ «^ «^-*-ity those that are nroiiuliPPrl o.o- . , ' ^^ «"«h ; but to let .ho„ld unite! Ll" ;„ ? T"" " "■'"•" ™' P'-"'"'M' *«' »•« faction ortlouri' "-"''' ""• °'™ ""'"" '"""^ f™" ".enta; and Hope 1° tf"tTT *°,''"°"' °"- """ -"«- fore the great GofalTS da.^'n'nlt":; „?':;; "°' "/"""""^ ^ as this is So thnt th. rv !• . ^^ S*"®*^* importance Established Chuth to thT o"' I '? "'"^ ^^^^^"^ ^^^ *he world mavh. W / """ ^""^ ""^ disadvatage in the .;°aiXroL:t:^re\"riretztra~-r .on .^a>.ineip,e, an. t-at ..e np t J^^ Hrrir/tS;: * SHIling. Irmi., prcf. n. 8. and judgii do so of y( least desij whom I ac parts and accounts I both hate i of the bigo are for run can, and yi may act fr< that consci and rage aj be rem err- b so Ihoy ar flpoaks whe servants avI time, that 1 fttely adds: not known design is no wish them i t'or as a ( never from * Jesus, whos easy to be ei flonable thar servant of, a affairs in En rest is at pr< hazard of Ic Christian pi could, theref our Popish a to promote a uniformity ij against that rig:iin.-t UB?- 'des and forms on n no other reason llent or decent to ho one case as in i above the peace 10 contrary prac- erm than that of ' highly approve 2d: "Whatpos- vhy such thingig liurch which are gs are sufficient 3 of Cliristianity THE RISE AND FALL OF I'APACY. 21 ' private design, ich ; but to let R'C are acted by xnd that this is emoluments of •obabb that we 3t merely from >ur Own senti- t dissemble be- eat importance rsons from the ivatage in the ument, by un- i acted by reli- therwise than our unhappy ern the exter- 11 others that y be taken oflf )m to be pog- essentials of in all things, and.,udg,„g charitably of those that diffor from you, whether thev do so of you or not; for what I havesaid on thiAead is n t n th^ least des>gned to reflect upon those tJmt diffor from us all :tr ^;f -:^«^f there are many distinguishable, not only I? parts and learnmg, but for piety and moderation also upon wh ch r Zh Lr;'f '"* ^-e and honour them, though they sl^ d of A T. T '"'• ^'^'^■' ^ ^"^^tion not but even many of the bigots for cathedral worship and its annexed hierarchy (who m,xj act fiom conscience oven in their uncharitablencss to them hat conscientiously differ fi-„m them, yea, in their hatred of them and rago against tbem whore (hey have power. But then i mZt be remc.oered that as their zeal is nol according to knoll ihoy are of the same tribe with those of whom ourlviot «poa.s when he tells us that thoy would persecute, yea, kH his t^ln^h: 'rTrl '^""^^P-^""^ty. ioHoving,'L Ihe same t me. that they did God most acceptable service; but ho immedi- not known the Father nor me." (John xvi. 2, 3,) However mv design IS not to reflect even on them, but rather to pity ^0™ and wish them more knowledge and a better mind. neveTr ' !?"f "*^«"^' "^"^^ ^^P^"'-^"! ^ persecuring temper, was ne^er from God nor according to the rule of the meek and lowly Jesus whose religion is first pure, and then peaceable, gentl and easy t. be entreated ; so such a disposition was never more unsea- 1™: :„d '''' '"^- ^: *'^^' "^"^* '' -accountable unob. r^ir I F ""'T'"""'*^ ^''^' '^' l^^'*^^^"* ''^'' ^°d posture of affairs m Europe, who see not in what danger the Protestant inte- rest IS at present ; considering what it has lost already, and is n ha.ai^ of losing further, together with the sad dec:y of tr^e Christian piety as well as unity among all sorts of persons. I could, therefore, wish we might learn a little prudence even from our Popish adversaries, that we might unite in love and in desTgn to promote a general interest, though we attain not to an exac" uniformity in all things ; for why should we not join as one sou against that bloody and idolatrous party, when we seethem do so .■tfe.un.t us ;-thu,.gJ, (Jieir various sects and orders, such as Fran- I If ^3 A hTSCOyRSE CONCERKma habits (us thc7are LI nt;uZ"":r '" *^"''' '^'^^ ^^^ rale, and as tlfey 1 v^a rd^llf H rr"^^ ^"^^^ ^^' ^^^ prognostications bavc wo Zy V^.\ ' ""' ' ""^^^ "^^"^^ and misery to us, when Ve si; th f '' '^'"^ *' ^''''''^ ^'"" into a stated hat ocTw 17! fi ° ? ^/^'^'•''"^^^ «f Parties grow up conscuontly r.J^rT ^^rZ:r7^ T -'''-' ^'^^ ^ot only upon religious accounts to ap^rLtuto" '" ''^^^^'^ considerations, sooinir Ponorv ;. • ^"^ ? ' ^"* «ven upon civil liberty, than .Ui.h Lth . in tir^'n "* ?''' '"^^^^ -^ "s ? Can we have forCon T 7 -^^ ""«^* *° ^« «« d^^^ to have committed , t f^W f ;^ 'f "''" ^'^'^^^ ^"•^'"-^ P-t^ «ays a learned man -' Pone j V '' '"""^ ^'^'''' '-^^orLs* «ion of the sh,ug ter of two h-T''^^'""" '"'"' "'^ ''^ «^«^- massacre in Franc ut oft If ""^"'"""^ Christians. The P. pcrionius ^::: t^: t z :::rir:T;:^" ^^'^^^ -^"*^^- '^ensos,ono million lost their lives Fro.ftt J'"''-'"' ''^'^'- Jesuits till lr)80-that I, fl,;,.f / ^he beginning of the Jho^and perished, ^^Snl ^^^S;^ Tii^^r and fifty thousand To ::iH,l"itr-?'/,t «"« ^^^^^^ which three hundred thLldi^Z^Jt^ 7'fT' '"^ reports in a paper printed in the reign of 'c'^rbsT^^''.' """"^ many have been destroyed in the S "' ^""^ ^^«^^ Piedmont, in the Pa£te and r P'^'^^''"*^"^ i« P'-ance and fully reckon up--besitrti;osetht'°T' "«"«' ^ ^-^i^^ve, can end that have^d. TWs r«ia i ,2 " 'T" ?"" ^" "''^ «'^"«3-«. ^ith blood of the saintrtHt fla o « r'- 'V'"*' '' ^'utted M'ith vocations, sets up as a ;^:^^::^-^:^-^f^ "" '^"■ another author in his book entitlod '« n /. 7 *'"'^ '' ^"'^ *^^^ Pontificate" (to the scandal T:^,^ ^"^ :^:'':^^^ -^ they pretend such a zeal), would so fnin 7 " '^' ^^' ^^^'^'" represents, therefore, in sriftn n '? "' ""'^^^ ""*<>' and ' '"'^' ^"^ ^"^''^'^^^ ««J«"rs. But I hope all t n. ,™, v„3-rl„. ,b., .„„„« „„ p„,„,, ^^,^ Pec hi« Life. true Pro when W( have sufl may do ^ from app at least s; are like t Spain, tli some Proi with the i are, I am prepare fi these thin the great s conjecture: phecy, as i Therefor which I ha giving you what wem: induced to from wiiicl] elapsed sine therefore be cf probabilij tivenoss, wh solves to sp be accomplis But since remembering Discourse, pi Must keep so: a few hints, grand Apocal or the Papacy There are ii sidered at this I- I must fi sts, differ as much n their forms nnd ral heads or gene- at laws and rules), alasl -vrhat moral m to portend ruin 3fpartiesgrowup one another, and ch we are obliged ut even upon civil •ith freedom and t to be so dear to it inhuman party lieve historians,* irs, was the occa- Christians. The in three months, igcnces and Wal- beginning of the —nine hundred e of Alva, by Vergeriusf af- ed one hundred sh rebellion, in he Lord Orrery II." And how in Franco and I believe, can I in the galleys, «o glutted M'ith ^eatise on Con- land ; and that he Kegalo and nd, for whom ted unto, and But I hope all )f Iniquity, lib jl. hig Life. THE RISE AND VALh OF PAPACY. liB true Protestants will easily see the .nnUn • .1, when we are in ha/ard of h! T^ '" *^' ^''"'' ' '^"•' '"''^'Ij. have sufficient rea^fto a.^, r:^; I'Tl ^^^ — 'ves, I'. may do what possibly v e cTn to 7 '"'"'^''^ '^''P' «^'^* ^« from approachfngdZl tons ^Tthaf "'"T "^ '^'^"^ *« at least save our own «ouls Jn \^\ o ""'""* ^'' ^'''^^ ^''« ^"^y are like to feel tlZffects 0"^^ ' "' •'' '^""' ' '^'^ -^"'^ -^ Spain, the election ofa yo Jtomrc7""^''T '' ^™« ^^ «ome Protestant Princes to tl^o T , P'' ""^' '^'' ''i-'^^'^^y «f with the impiety and seenLm 17' "'""* ^"'"'-^''' *"«^'^»«- are, I am sure, L good? : t ;) T """'' "''"" ""^■^«'-^' prepare for rcmarklble r vo t n ' tiV^'!,"'' •'■"^* ^•^"^«" '^ these things, I cannot for^a? Jiv. \ ''"'"'*^' ^ ^'""^•^f the great and dark head of ^tur 'tv^ ' '"' •' "^' *'«"Sh*^^ «" conjectures in relation to o.v "^ " ? ^^-^'^^^^''-^S y"« with .some Phocy, as far as I tderl"! it ""' ''""'^' "^""^ ^^'l^^"- P- wS?s:; s:rt ^^ofir ^^^^^" ^^ ^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^ giving you seme )n-ief a co Jn 'of t "'.• '''" "'" ^^■^^^ ^^'^^'^ '"^ >" whatwemavexpo-.tinrikf ,' "''''' '''' ^'^"'''» 5"' -""I induced to do, b clu ^^l^^^.f /«"«-; -?-''> ^ -" the rather from which we look bnol', "^ ' '"*'"'"« »P"" --^ "cw ago, elapsed since our b e.sed Pe LT "'""'"^^ ^"^^""^'^' ^'-^^ ^a" therefore be allow 7 1 "J r^ T° "*^ ^'^^ "^'■^''' ^^^ "-^ l^fp^^^ability (..r 1 13:!^;^^:^ nt^^l T^^^ t'vencss, which .so many Apoc.IvntL '"''' "^ I^"^^'" solves to split upon) wint n!?f p .? T'" ^^'^^'^ ^^^ered them" bo accomplished. ^' ^ '' ' '^ '^^"^ Revelation remains yet to But since I am to confine myself to n lUfi remembering I am. M-ritino- no hn'l ^/'tt'e compass here, as Discourse, preflUory to ho^e th t foir"'"^^^/ '"*' ^'^^ ^P-tolatoiy must keep some proportilri stll '' ""''''' ''''''''' ^^^'^''^f^re, it ^af«w hints, totarl th ' ^obtCTV"'""^'"^*'^^"" grand Apocalyptical question wh.? ""Provement of that or the Papacy began. ^' ^'''' '^'' ^'^'S" of Antichristianism «.^^::^^^«:;r ' "^"*^' -^^^^^^ ^^« ^^^^ me to be con- must 'solution 'mlsG 24 A I>rsCOtJK.SR C'ONCERNINO n ■ question, boti 11.00X01^^x11' t; ^T" '^' ''''''''''- '' ^h^' 'optical tin,e. an,/; •" , ''^ ' T'^^'^ *^« ^-^^^PocaJ '^'l^* « regulation of yonv tl o 'C thT '^' " ''''' '^''*^ *« ^^''^^ «onio vory voic^htv consCl", T *^ ^ft■''^'^'•"^"«»t of your lives, ih ^^''^ ' ^ -5^ ^^^WityconbHlorationsdeducible from thence. fwelvehu, I. Thofr.'^i thiu'r, therefnrp wJ,;nV, t i . , K^^' 2, xiii the resolution of tl.T pri, tal :,ro"f VT *" ''' '' '' ""^'"PF^ ^^^^^ * tRe rise of Antichristianism "^ P^^^'^^^P^^^^^ q««««<>n concerniXonths (x t'.in,.s I would premisH 1' X^^^^^^^^^ -1) any oth a>o agreed in, and which Mr M deX m ^t'^^g«"«™% aJ^^g in saci Dr. Crcssener, have irrofra. bK p ^-J^^' "'"'*'' ^''' ^"^h^™' 4'^^?^^ ^ 1. That the Jlovolation on.i.- \T • llunacyof f events and chan,; <;^Te • te ^1^:^^ *'" remarkabl fore, seein, of the world. (Rev. iv 1 Tftr f^^"'^^-" Church to the enjlation and' or the great whore dcsc^il.ori "/. , ," ''* '''^'^*^'' Babylonjorder thus AntichLianChur:'hs:::e tlW^^^^^^^^^ this cannot be Rome Pno-on ,. , ,' ^ ^^ ^- ^^**' thereforJa half nius tl^e seven heads fthXHrt; ' ''^^ ""''''' '• Honly it is tc forms of governn^ent I M Z T'"'^'''^'' ""'' the sev J when it is i Romans {^^^ Vw- ^f""'""^ s-cessively among tlfespect to of these was that whiJh was onlv •''."• '^" ''""^ (""'• ^^' Up^^^^^^' ^^ former five having fallen^ tlat" tL"f ''^'"'^ *™^ ^^T"^'^" ^^ the saventh head which unrW n I. ' *^<'^"^^«^^' consequentlJepect to the eighth (the interment I h"°'''''"'^ ^^ seventh n numb tZlbf'™ V"' "^^'^^-^othn being t J Church is r that sense, nT: "V S at o'fTp^ ''^"^^"' ^"^ *^-^-'' h''''' ^''"^ Ia«t species of governn n nd .f ^°,^"f government), is tlJ Now, as t n^, ond ^.;speei^;;'tri:^:i;i- -"" ^^^^^ Hz" /x place, premise t^^opS^rco "f '"?^' ' ""^*' ^° *^« ^^ '^"' ^^^ ' rectly to answer the 'nllClor " ""' '''''' ' ''""' j " """"'' ''' Whii INQ Tim niSK AKD FAhL OK PAPACT. Jg gtlieriseofthcgrei 18, and fixe. - "^^ ^'"""^-'•^P^uiiiypticai numbers nf ^ence, see the time o^f « ^-drcd and sixty days, forty-two nLthsf and tim^t mes 3nemy. fnd a half are not only synchronical, but must be inte nrTd ^e resolution of thif ^P^'"'^''^"^' '" ^' y''''' ""'«t be understood by days '""^''^'^ ddle the dark ApocaJ ^^]^^ ^^^'^^ tliree numbers are synchronical will appear nlain in in order both to thH ^-P-tial considerer that will be at pains to coZre th 7 1 'ent ot your lives, if « f ^vo «ot them down in this Book of the Kevelation tTz the rom thenee. H-hu»d-d and sixty days (xi. 3, xii. G) ; the forty-t^o mentis ' to do, is to attoml ;! thaVL'^^i* n ^T 'T'' T' ^ '"^^^ ^^'^' ''^- ^^^ question concerniXonS^^^(.f 2) is thet u!! Tt""^. ''"" *'^ ""''' '''^ ^"^*y-*- T,r, 1 } 7''. ^® ^^ *^° Witnesses prophesying for twelve hich hath ex..cl.eteltw^rifr --^"'"'Mvo^e 's, !Jul. ^I*: wh,oh generally altog la ,aokeI„.h f SocmgTir™ be fh ,1 "^7' r"""^- , M..D„han..a„ .hipped and „n-ed ,y L ^^.Cu^^'t^tiZ^JJ. Church to the eJlation and perseTufon IZZ^ ■■> ■' -Idernes, state of deso- 't mystic Babylo Jorder thus t" ^^ d fl " L Be ';'"", 'T' '""'," ''""»• *" „-, are the sevjwhen it is .non.ioncd in ^laCl^ a " fpTcn'of T^ lively among tljrespect to the sun, either is to l,u Ai.. i "^ "" :.th (,vii. 10, lljwhereas. .hen it is do r bed n r^^^ation T the T"." "'"'°'" Joi„,.s tin,, (tJkingdon. of night and dartnc;tr:ad: Sl'^f ". "r^ re, conseqne„tlJi.poct o the unconslant lun.inary, which changes his face coT tion, IS called tbl'mually, while it makes our month, • an,I I.eL / • T ?' M3oth, being tJchurch is represented (xii, 1) unde,: "e emb en, o^a *" and therefore, iJclotlied with the s- and the moon under 1^60, " «ent,, is thl Now, as tliese numbers arc synchronical and the same so i, i. : lied -"P«J«J '» P^- ajat the, must be understood prcpSj'f hZwouldrecJaZ^ia'i^^^^^^^ ^ 'WhiMon-, Thcovy cf M,e Earth. ^ «, Tr>. «. Sec IIyix,th. a 26 A DISCOURSE CONCEENINO I : ^Xt; xr t: tin: n-^ ^ "" ^- -•- .peak, ,h„, in ,„ve,.al nine , bt" ,', ' '" "'f" *"' ''"■ Scripture "«» tlio a,,poinlment of ftl 11 '"' "" '"*«nito. Wit- ;..ichi,.piL„rr;;':::r*;/^rjfr;";ri,"- '"• "'■ year of whicli is therefore cille,! S..n .• "^ ^ ^ ' *^i«««venth -venth dav, Sabbath. , t'^ I't^ ' t' "'^^"^ *« ^^^ commanded to lie three hundre^n V ^ 'P'^^'"^' ^^^^^»«^ ^^as and forty on hi. rigl't ea h dav P ""'^^ ''^" *^" ^"^ ^^^* ^'^^^ (Ezek. iv. 6, G) VlL^^^n !^'^'' ««C^od himself says Israelites witL forty Irtr? ^^'l P"-«hod the murmuring to the forty days tllvc' ^ " *^" ^^'ilderness, with relation thropy is thus c lied in e ^ifeTd ^'^'r'"''^'^^^'^^'^ ^^-- 34,) Nay, onr Savio'ur hi^S ^.^ ^^ iT ^^^^^^^ Z^" ^^^ ^2' calls the years of his ministry day a^in" X,''' ^'"" ^° and to morrow, and the tJiird L. T I ,m ^ ^ ^'^ ''"^^« to-day S2.) Butthemostrem:IbS^^^ (^"ke.iif prophecy of Daniel's s"^^^ thefamous day« (ix. 24,) reaching down fTot th elt o^W ' "' ""^*^- planus, in his twentieth year (Neh ii i n * ^^''^^^P'-^^^ ^^ongi. i«gs at Jerusalem, which was ^ll; r^' """^ Saviour's suffer- Phetical years, not' J^^lTnest;;^^^^^^^^^^^^ hitherto confounded all il^roLT'^^^^^ were this a proper place for i tf' .' . u"«^* '^^^ ^* ^^''g^. these is, we shall q'iekly tea "'"' *'' ^^^^^^«« '^^t-^" an'd"iXTa;:t::/o:7nXr7^° ^^'^^ ''' ^^^^ ^-<^-cl yoars; fir if I can pL.ethU will" ' '"^-^^"^^^ "^^«''' '^^ other numbers must be slint't \ ""'"'.''^''^y f^"^^ that the with this. Now tnttlet!? t'''"^^^ be taken literal!;, b p o j et -aiv "" r' "^"' '''''' '^^'^ --«* is impossible to Jonco ve how so n ^ ' 'P^'"' ^^"'^"^ ^^"««' ^^^t it which are prophesTerto tu ut irthf If T^^""^'"'^^'^^*^-«' -. the world. wo^i:i—nd^rr^:--t:;^ reign ; ar causing 1 And besi days arc 1 totally dc Christ uj fore Chris (thought! therefore • years to c though tht versary hy him than as I choosi The scco stand the Julian yea This is I this has m calculation between p venture, w arithmetic. "vre are to *Tho Icami docs indeed a Sanhedrim, go apostle as tlio tiiemsclves to their rebelling it may lie thou upon the suppi way bo found to and apostolical there is a secoL design of the s] the ancient pre typical one, bui upon anything need to do it Iv his preface to tl in this matter, only differ from pocond), 1)0 att fultilled in him pcccessor to the her ; and thercl also." Says fijr years fro- ;hat the Scripture T number figura- n indefinite. Wit- 0(1. xxiii. 10, 11), 12) ; the seventh th respect to the ■ing, Ezekiel was on his left gide, I ^od himself says. I the murmuring ( ss, with relation '■ land of Canaan. Inezzar's lycan- I. (Dan. iv. 32, lialect, when ho do cures to-day ■A." (Lukexiii. in the famous sd and ninety- axerxes Longi- 'aviour's suffer- md ninety pro- ig of which has show at large, rence between THE BI8E AND FALL OF PAPACY. 27 elve hundred 5al sense, for )Ilow that the are the same '■ days cannot hence, that it erful actions, 3uld happen such as, for ues, and na- . the Beast's rc.gn ; and the setting up an image to the imperial head, and causing It to be worshipped instead of the living emperor's, &c. And besides these things, seeing the twelve hundred and sixty days are the whole time of the Papal authority, which is not to bo totally destroyed until the great and remarkable appearance of Chmst upon the pouring out of the seventh vial ; and that there- fore Christ will have the honour of destroying him finally himself (thuugh this inuputy began to work even in the apostolical times) • therefore we may conclude that it must take up some centuries of years to carry on tliis abomination that maketh desolate. For though the Lord will gradually consume or waste this great ad- versai-y by the spirit of his mouth, yet he will not sooner abolish Him than by the appearing of his own presence (2 Thess. ii 8\ as 1 choose both to render and understand the words * The second preliminary consideration is, that in order to under- stand the prophetical years aright, we must reduce them to Julian years, or such as are in use now in E-rope This is no idle or chimerical inquiry, seeing the ignorance of this has misled all our great Apocalyptical men hitherto in theL calculations ; and yet, unless we are able to adjust the difference between prophetical and Julian years, we must still reckon at a Ij^lw 'f"" tT* T^ ''''"^"*^ '^ '^' *^"*'^ •'^"•^ «^»«tness of our arithmetic. Therefore, that we may understand this difference we are to remember that the ancients were far more rude and inl Sanhedrim, government, ami Sn nre m-i mnrv 1 ? f • "J'*'""' "'''■' **"^* *'"' Jo^viRh apostle a« the Man of Sin and a" UchrM bo hTnl ♦^"^"'"^ understootl here by the themselves to Christ and ^""ocutin-^^^^ ^'"i '''=™"'»t of their opposinc their rebelling ,^;nin8tteXmani\„d^bi»^^^^^^ ""'' H^J?" *'"' a<'«>«nt also of it may be thought to eonta n ?"futat?oL of »v i I '" T.'^ ^"'^ "'« V"^^°^ '^18 that upon the supposition that all the l)oct ^ "avi '"^ '"t''>-F?tit'on of the place. But even vnybo found toinvalidate vCt faJvar^ce he^^^^^^^^ '''°"''^^" "•""' y«' " ^«" "o and apostolical writings know, that bo4lcT^fi«f "'atnre acquaintedwith theJewish there is a second and remXr on>. m„?„ ! n '^^'' •^''"•'"' ^ ^ observed in orophpjsicfl design Of the spirit of UoT^'l n^hT^ho^t .^n i'nTmT'Jh?^'"."^' "^ *»>« P"""?"^ the ancient pronhosies thn/^ vni,.t,. V,. '"'"",""'' '" innumerable instances, csnecinllv in typical one, Lt'^to tl o"j",Ll.th lUima'telv'nn:!''' °"'T FT°"' '" *^« Arsf sen e^ o? upon anything of the kind now sodng so Inv^ , "",' ' «'^"" ""* '»«'«* need to do it hero, seein- Dr. v/hitbv himself dnth,r„rn'T '".'''''•"''y ' ""'' "^o'''' " no his preface to this Kpistle, p .%3 ■ " lU Jwt m "^ ^™?' t^\} '''•'''''•«' ''''I'™ ho says, in in this matter, I grant iho?; words mat n t J^n^ .""' ""^""^ '^^'' ^'""^ ""y »'r«thren only differ from tlu, Doctor, s< eh?. iS (in which expression I second), 1« attributed to \l o fepirvn/, T 'V "-^^'^ Pn».eipal sense, becau.sc It is fultillod in him in the destruction of him hvh' °- ■}'''i^} ^'"' """^ '"'•'y ^ signally f-cocessor to the apostate Jewish c"mrK\ mouth, he being the he^;^ an, therefore in the anncSf i tl^^'Z K ^a^l'^^l^ JR^'t'^S^ S8 A mcovim comiEHmm tliat twelve lunulrccl and nixt^r ,, ''"'''^' "''^"tliH a year- so he add,.o„aI five day,s and mZZZlu''-' ? "^ ^"^' "•*»>-* 'f *';« calculation of the Julian vZ T T""^'' ^''^^^ «re added rian) inonths consistin-. somZ M^ ' ' ^^' '^"^''^" (""d G,..„.,^ «-eeptiug February 01^1'^''"' "*"" ^^ thirly-one'^t hundred and «ixty-fivo fu'u^'"'''''' ««»««^J"entIy, of three able difference ir/iklr^t^^^':^^^' ""^'^ '^« - J^onsfdrr forence appears stilU^rcator if "^ "'^^nj centuries ; which dif --'^I calculations of' ittl.tl^^r"^^^ «ince their exactness has onlv n n '"'. ^^'^^''' '^"d others. S gether with some „.iuutes Ztf 'l" '""« ^'^ ^^'-^ Jear ftl Which they themselves aTe uT^^' ^^T'^^^^^^ - ^ nice upon this point as to folW . ^ '"^ '""^^ ' ^^^^ll not be eo tl>i« way. IlowLr, sin ^e Ws" nv "^ '" ^^^^ -*'^-« an entire day in the revolut on of one f r\*' "" ^^'^ --« to years, .t ought not to be altogether nil 7.''.'°' ^^^*^-*h^«e these, and considering only ?he L f '^ ^"* P^««'ng even three hundred and sixty in our ordina , T "' "'''' *« *^« twelve hundred and sixty days iX^i'"'?' ^^^'^^^^d that the to years, are eighteen yea.^ nhlt'f Juit?^^*"°' ^-""g reduced cal reckoning, by reason of the addlH ?/'''' ^° ^^^ P^^Pheti- in theordinary accounts now, b^^^^^^^^^^ turned intoyears To demonstratewhich, I p;esen yol^^^tS^-^-^^^^^^^ One ^^'^^"^PlieticalYear. ( ^ *,*';« ^^"«^^ng scheme: 365 365 Two.. Three . Half.. Three. Half. 730 1095 183 I n\i " "ail ^^•^'J l| ; l^hreeyears) L 183 If andahalf/ 1260 Three years ) " Iji; • ' find a half 1 1278 For it i Italy and i the Heruli to abdicat< say; that THE B18E AND FALL OF PAl^ACY. 29 Now If, according to this coniput.ition, wo subtract twelve Imn- drod and sixty Apocalyptical years from twclv« hundred and Boventy-eight Julian or Crcsorian .nios (I call them so ore rotnndo overlooking the snudlcr measures of time), there remain eighteen years to be cut off. ** To apply this thorcforo, to our design : If wo may suppose that Antichrist began his reign in the year GO.i, the additional twelve hundred and sixty years of his duration, were they Julian or ordi- nary years would lead us down to the year 1«00, as the last penod of the seven-hea.led monster ; but seeing they are propheti- cal years only we must cast away eighteen years, in order to bring the exact measure of time that the Spirit of God designs in this year 1848 "'' '" the year GOG) must conclude with thj And now that I have hinted at the tinie of Antichrist's rise, m he conclusion of the preliminary considerations, I must proceed toprove tais to be m on« sense the true era of the Papal Beast's reign ; and here it is that I find myself extremely straightened, in discoursing of so great a subject in so narrow a compass. All therefore, that I can say here will amount to a few short hints only' though perhaps no inconsiderate ones. Seeing, therefore, :. I said before in the fourth postulatum, it is plain, from llev. xvii, 10, that the imperial government was the regnant head of the lloman Beast at the time of the v s^n wo have only the two following heads to consider as to their rise aid duration. Let these things, therefore, be minded here :-- 1. That the seventh head, or king of Homo (as I hinted before) whose chatacter is, that he was inunediatoly to succeed to the im! peria government, and to continue but a short space (Kev. xvii 10), that I say, this government could be no otlar than that of the kingdom of the Ostro-goths in Italy. It JrniVwI'"' *^f *''' ""P'""^ dignity was extinguished in Italy and in the western part of the empire, by Odoacer, the king of toah/" ' J^t''"'' ^^"g-t-1-. the last sprig of an empefor to abdicate his throne and power in the year 475, or 476, as others Bav: that fViouirh +h'^ Oflo"-. ■ . »"^ **'"» Hsoiners ^ .11.1. ._ui^n ,.n.3 uuoucci- >vua soon aestroyed by Theodric, • % M IP''' p 80 A DI8COUB8E COWCERNr^o inont WU8 continued by 'C:/ ."""^ ^""'"^ ^^ regal covom *^;«icingdo.n conti„u'^ii!;;tr:^;r "--.•; l,,?,:::^; Odo^cer toTei««. ^et the angeU L 'fusH 'T' ''^''''^""'"^ ''••^-> [ r «o U wuH, if ,..„.,,,rea ci C'w i l^ "'' ^''''' '' ^'-'^ time; gumcnt ugaiuHt hou.o wi,o wcmM /^''"^'-''^^'^ " ^"'T strong ar- "oto the Onontal Kn^i... ;,!", ^ , "f " '''^ '^^^^""' ^'"^ to dl >t a«ted „.an, oonluri; aft n;^:.^^' '"'« ''^^^^ ''"« ti.no. t 1 Mahonuaed tJ.o CJroatVs tin.o l, ' ""* totally extinct tlH«*i„gdonMvaH«uffidcnttoc nstitut '"'". '"^'' ' '^"'^ «-«'y People, .ocing it,...« „„,! ItlZT V'^'' ^^^^^^^^ ^ «;^tluHh kin... and that t oy , .^t n K- "' 'r^"' "'^"•^''^ 'o tl.uso ';ty tl.at the en.po,.orH had n d ' .!?" ' "'^!' ''^-^^ -'"« "utho- «ta.nod from that title hy a .If (.' ;^-«l'tinK that thoj ab- not bo confounded with tlm !.. I''-«v'^'-oo. that they ,„i„lvt -nateand people of iton e^s E "7"-^' '"^ "•^"^ "--d by Su3 of the Ea«t also, as might el J be'^'^''?!' '''''' ^^^ the on.pe^ror! -d that, therefore,, it foH 1" IW tr^" '^ «^"^^ *-«" Constantino theGreat, both as to t « ° ''''"'=« ^^'^'•^"ght by «ould not be looked uponZllTT^^ «»e«t, in all respects w.s Ir ^''^' •''^''"^' "'« old go4-n P-onJnstlysupUoth:; he o ;;;:>;;"' (--^ "^''''- -n -y when the en.pire was divided i,u'i"^^^^ "- altered other respects also the in.perial u o^v ' n T T'''^*' '''^^'"- '^ ^^^ therefore (3) it f,„,^.,^ ^,^^ ^^fJ - h rule were preserved. regnant until the destruction of thi , I ' P^'^^'^^^^^^t was not there could not be two suprem ^^^^^^^^^^^^ iherefore. ^ '"'' ^^"ds of liome at the same time THE RISE AND FALL OF PAl'AC'Y. Zl n Of regal govern- SHors'; un,l tJ,oug|, »> rockoning from tliHiiNhort time; X'ding imperial or u vory Htrong ar- >venth king to do- C I't'foro thiH time, "••Uotaljy extinct ^■^^^ ; and Nuroly ""1 ^f the Roman oiitirely to thoNo t'lo Name autho- i« that thoj ab- tiiat thoy might '••e owned by the by the omperory itttorianjs* parti- state to two of 'm of the Ostro- e a short time ; igo wrought by 1 of tlie empire, ho old govern- 'ither can any lit was altered ■', seeing, in all oro preserved, inient was not » in Italy ; for le same time. ist, which is extirpation of WP-8. Itollnrni "!>• If, 18, lib. the Uothish kingdom, or Moni; time after ; but il could not rue to iti power immediately nftor, Heeiig Justinian did, l)y the conquest of Italy, revive the imperial govornmcnt again there, which, by that means, was healed, after the deadly wound whicii the Ileruli find the (ioths had given it. Though I confess .Justinian's con- quest of Italy laid a foundation for the Pope's rise, and paved tho way for his advancement, both by tho penal ajid sanguinary laws which ho made against all those that dissented from tlio Romish Church, and by tho confusions that followed upoTi Narsps his bring- ing in tho Lombards ; for during the struggles uf them and tho Exarclmt, tho Pope played his game so, that the Imiperor Phocas found it his interest to engago him to his i>arty, by giving him tho title of Supremo and Universal Bishop. Therefore, womayjusty reckon tliat the Papal head took its first rise from tho remarkable year GdC), when Ph(jcas did in a manner devolve tho government of the West upon him, by giving him tho title of Universal IJishop. From which period if wo date the twelve hundrad and sixty years, tiicy lead us down (as I said al- ready) to tho year 180G, which is 1848 according to prophetical calculation ; or, if a bare title of this f^jort bo not thought sufficient to constitute tli(! Pope head of tho licast, we may reckon this twoyenrs later, viz., from the year OOS, when Bonifaco IV. did first publicly authorize idolatry, by dedicating tho Pantheon to tho worehip of the Virgin JNIary aniVall tho saints. Now, it is very remarkable, that in the year 600, Pope Yitaliau did first ordain that all public worship should be in Latin. And, therefore, however tho notion of Iremeus* has been of late ridi- culed, who observed that the characteristical number of the Beast, viz., 006, answering to the number of a man's name, was to bo found in the word Lufeinos, from Avhonce ho concluded that he was to be a Roman, I cannot but think there is something romarkablo in this (even though the numerical letters of other words should jump with this number also), not so much because of the antiquity of the notion, as upon the account of the reason he suggests to ua for this when ho says, that though he grants that other names mn^ bo so rendered,, yet,^ he fixes upon this, because tho I^atiu* ♦ Ir«n. (uJv. Hrerot, lib. 6, cti^. 80 wm' 3S ^' ^^•^^OL-K.J, CONCEUmNG t« this or none, melhf V'"'^ '^''''^'''' *^« B<^ast must rokf that arose out of t].o head of h' f, /?' ^"^^^^"^^ *^^« ^^ttJe horn -^nfUI, to Iropreseut, ,::;^ t^'Z.^rT'"' '''■ '^' «-^ ; ^pal Aut,christ, who.e type ho t t ^'m^^ano,, but the I o w 801)10, whoso zeal fn,. +1, r. ''* ^^o very ap- the Pope got the title of Universal if " '^'"- ^«r .though wasafterwaixlsfoi-aloiigtinrsul f ''^ "* '^^^* tJ"^«. Jet he ^^porors; and thereforeV • r/f 1' '"^ '""'^''''^ ^««cern,s, ^ the days of Popin, b^ ,,-hosc consent hi' "' '^'''^^ "«t until the «"^' a great part of Italyl^' . ' .'•'' "'"''' '" '^""^^^^ P^'^o that as Boniface III f-i u) ^ ^""' ""' ^'^^er's patrimonl ' ;Tniversal Bi.hop't t W^'^^ '^^---'^^S; f Great prophesio.l he would , XT ^',1"'''"^*' '"^^ ^-^^-ry h'/ aoout iho time that Pope Paul I. began t make tl sixty y( coniputi ones, th year 20( suggeste ed until upon to b that the to the oh eliould St that, ther to Abrah, sand fron there will after the ; year 2000 wlien the a thousani be let loos almost uni under the 1 parts af th compass. tremity, C enemies w: great confli resurrectioi And porha part of the 1 four tbousai "lay be foui «n his saini we know w the same tl: men that eve or centui-v. Boast must rolato Jes to Daniel's (ii. ed, the little horn ^.'»^- vii. 8), seems '^Phanos, but the ;e bo supposed to ion to wJiich that s before it by the ipon the ruins of of the Emperors THE RISE AND FALL OF PAPACV. «3 not bo very ac- 'nfall lias made le time-^which tbat this great the year 606. Jiave reason to 2fore tJiat time, iseoftlie Pope ■ I'or -though time, yet he ^ncerns, to the ve been, in a • in a secular not until the cular prince, ivtrimouy; so 'S the title of ' ^J'ogory the n the world t Antichrist prince also. last head ' ^*'iio gave ■one, which ^t^ S;^e!:r^^.^^^^^^^ -^ «^- ^-. now, . we «i^ty years will not run onrboSr;ea^^^^^^^^^ 'T'' '''' computation of Julian years- b^t „ °/'*' ^^^.^^-^^^^^^^I'Dg to the ones, the expiration of the i>.t! I ?'" ''''' *" P^rhetical year 2000, according to our i, ^"^'^ "™ '''^' '''''''^y "^ the -SgCHted above be tzt tl'" V S! ' r^,f- ^'"'^ "' ^^-^ ^ ed until the comin. of CI V '''^ 1'" °'' '^^ ^"^^"^ ^estroy- upontobevery conridera :^ ! :CC '^ ^^^^""^^^"^ '^ ^-^'^ that the world would last only , f tto 'f l ' "'''' '""'"* ^P^"-"' to the old traditional pronhe cyof ft ^''J''' "^*'^*' ''''''^'^^S should stand as many mi levies it ^ ' '' f '^ *^« ^^^^ that, therefore, as there were two thl ? '"'*'' ^" '^"^■«' ^^'^^ to Abraham, without a Xnlectorr'f^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^ --*-- sand from thence to Christ undertho nH ^^''"' ''"'^ *'"" '^«"- there will be two thousand, ears mo e' 7"TV' *^« ^^-' «« after the militant .state of tCch" s an C," f """''' " *^^* year 2000, it is to enter upon tha 1 ' '' "^" '''''''' '^^ when the saints shall rei™ on 1 o /.?•'"' ''^'^'^*^'^'''^ ^""^'^^'•y a thousand years more ,1"/ "^^ '" a peaceable manner for be let loose o playrne'wtmo T'"''"'" ^'^""^^'^^ Satan shaU almost universdly^LmTl^Tuth J;":^''"/^^^^^ '^ '^P-^^^ize under the character of God and M,^ T"° tho^n.olyes together, parts af the world untH thev b ^'t '""' *^^*^ ^""^ ^^^^^rs or compass. But .'he" ey fa "ir T!^^ "^^^^^^^^^ *« ^ -all tremity, Chri.t himself wirapp'th T"'^ to the last ex- enemies with fire from heaven (Re\- ""^^'^^T' f"^^^^ great conflagration (2 Pet iii lot \ t V ' '' ''^ '^''""-«« the resurrection, and Christ's cai;! ^'^ 7 ' '' ^"^^'''''^ ^'^h the And perhaps the 2^1;^'!^^:^^^^^ ^^-o M^,^, part of the whole of another mi'lcnCnf f "^ ^''" ^-reatest four thousand years from t o ,";• ^TT' '^''' ""' '^'''■' ^^o^o u-y be four from then to h s t i" ''' ''■'^* "™'"^' ^here all his saints ; for tlou'h th S ? '"* ''''''' "^^" ^^^^^-^ ^vith we know whit Pe r ?ays tl r^."'' ''''' '"" '' ^'^^'' ^^t the same thing in^ a ^liTeTet ^^ ^^^^^^^^ ^f '^ ^^"^^ -e men that ever lived should be publici'v }^ f '• '"• ^'^ ^'^"^* ^" or centuiT. so „. .. ,.„..!^„„ P^^'cly Judged in a day, or year. " "'"^" '^''' ^'f« ^^^ actions tried" and ■■);(! S4 A DISCOUESK CONCEKNINO S3?." "P^/. m- searched into is to me, I confess, i.icouceivable ; not indeed iu relatioh to God, but in relation to men and ange s, who must be connnoed of the equity of the procedure ani se'ntenco of the But to return, I cannot forbear to take notice of one thing hero -that the year /D8 was the year OGO from the persecution of D mitxan when John was in Patmos, and wrote this'book (as Te - tulhan, Irena3us, Ongen, Eusebius, Jerome, and all the ancients excepting Epiphanius tells us); which though some say wa A.D^9a, was most probably in or about the year 92, the persecution of Domitian having begun two years before. So that here we have another characteristical mark of the number of the Beast T And now I hope I have said enough of the future part of time as to the general idea which I think the Ilevelation gives of it' wl ,rf r''1 T"'"^' ^''''^'''' ''''^ y«"' andconsider unde; what revolution of time we are at present ; that we may thence Bee what we are to expect, and how we are to act So that here I find myself insensibly taken offfrom any further direc prosecution of the. question proposed by way oLnswe thereto ; and, therefore, J :i ^>- unswcr II I proceed to improve what I have said as to this question both theoretically and practically. question, r^rfvf ^'i' I '^f^ r'"^"'""'' «*^"^«""'ig ^^ere as a theoretical im- provement of what I have said upon the former head ; for by Z key we may attain, in a great measure, to unlock the dark Apoca- yptical periods and times-those, I maan, that relate to the cl- tinuance of the Papal power, both .s to his gradual growth ami increase first, and his decay aft«:.ards, untU his lasf and finT destruction. And in relation to%e the far greater .part of th Apocalypse must be understood. ^^ P-^^^oime Now, in order to this per{brman:,| I must premise this one thing, VI.. that the seven seals, trumpk, and vills (in which ar contained the order and series of tho%hole Apocalyptical prl I phecy. and to the explication and ill%ation of whfch ^1 J,"*' other particular visions arc subs-, ientf that, Tsay, these are jomed together by the link of the seventh seal and seventh rump ^ cu, the seventh seal doth as it were produce or include the seven trunipc manner This it wouk Durham the mor not unti angels a was afte lie saw v.'as the IJr. Mori confound ing this, the seals, Now tl the folloT;\ which do The // during th ' run in th The>-;v of a glori and a cro^ .conquer. reprCiSentc Gentiles, niies, aftei all nation! Spirit for (iompletiou horsemen against Chi all in trim make a ful this seal be end of time relation to 3; not indeed iu ;cls, who must be sentence of the of one thing here persecution of ;his book (as Ter- i all the ancients 1 some say was 2, the persecution So that here we of the Beast. ^ uro part of time, tion gives of it. I consider under t Ave may thence Pom any further way of answer this question, theoretical im- ad ; for by tliia he dark Apoca- ilate to the con- lal growth and 1 last and final iter.part of the emise this one ! (in which are •calyptical pro-,! which all the say, these are enth trumpet : hide tho seven KISE AND FALL OF THE PAPACY. 35 mZr' "' '" -venth trumpet the seven vials in the same it would' ttt'lT'T " '''^''''' "'"" '"^ .lomonstrate, but that the more. easiv. Onlv l^f •>,<. .i„ • , '".>. -i i>ass it now V" ^"v ^6t me desire vou to ponmMni. ti. ,<■ •*. iin„cis witJi the seven triimpcts. (Rev viii 1 o\ a 1 .1 . •. ™, after tto ,„„„.H„, „f ,„„■ „,„„.i ,- ; ■; ^'. ; A;J - > Tir Ar„.„ 1 V ^''^''■^^•"- ^'^th'^t I Avonder that Mr. Mede Di. More, and ahno.t all others, nave suffered theniselve t' c nfounded xn their interpretations by reason of their 1 ob 1^ g thi , and consequently by jumbling some of the trumpet wth the seals and most of rJie vials with the trumpets. ^ llie Jtrst septenar,, of seals relates to the Chri.tJnn ri , durinsr thosf-to f.f tii^ i> • ^-^niistian Church vjuiiii^ uiL sc.ite or the lioman emnire An,l fK«o« i • run in this order — ^ '^ *''°'*' ^° accordingly j^entei going L^^.;;;;:\:-::;^ m es !;; ^ ''" "'^^^^ '"^ ^^^"'^^'^ «-* victory over hi ene' In. ^';! "'""--^- t» 1- ^li-iplos to preaclf tlie .0 pel to al natums (Matt.xxviii.18-.,,), ,,a ^he piuring doM^ .fh« Spirit for this end un thodav of Penteo.uf M f " n , -npietio., one i. ,.„t „„.u H.oc::;"r;-i;i:;-,; ;;:,','':, :;.' horsemen and enemies of the Church b.vo ,1 '' [""^^ ^^^ o^^^"' ^ time, as to its full completion. But if relation to the beginning of the nest seal (C wc reckon it finlv J 2n iirist 8 conquest being 06 A DISCOUESE CONGEENING peace fioa ',," JLl „„5T """''' «""' '"'"■ » "'*'• "> "e culiona of Domitinn and T,-,i.,„ ';";'•"'''' "'» Preceding perse- 1^8; where, under the hieroo-lvn'io nf „ -i ^^'^"^ will, a pair of balances in h i'T „ C-eif ""," "" "°"•"• tilings exactly, are ,el forth ,1 „ . ? "'' '°"''^™™ »" Antoninus Ph s and PLn , f ""' ''''»"' "^ "'« "f these Phi- living crea- countably,) I'lIE KISE AND FALL OF PAPACY. 87 saintswere all sIL"Sv:"'"f ""'•'"' ""^''^"'^^^«^^' -i^^he their porseeut rs v'iiirthov'' " ""''"^^ '"' ^'^"S""^- ^g--«* altar. (Kev. ^i V ! ^^f '^^J-P^-'^e^ted as lying under the the firstU-ersal P— "^^cSl^t^^^t f ^- persecutions under A^ero Domiti^n ,,.''"' ^*"' f ^^^ f"™er were but provincial ones and ha '; M ''"' '"^ ■'''' '^"*""'^«' ters only), who be^nn V ''''""' ^Sainst the minis- year 2^,^^":^^^':, ^'^^''T ^"'^^ '^ ''^ of Trebonianus Gallus and T v^ "'"'' ^^'' *^^" '^'""'^ ^^'g°» notice of in th s caseT X '^?'^^'^""r ^^-^^^ Reserve to be taken to rest n.fL T- ' , "" *^' '""^' "^ '^'^ '""^''y'^ ^^e desired little interval their l...fV. ^^^"^'"' CJ«^thicus; seeing, after that Rome Pag n ;. i rr^" T" '^T '^ ^"^^'' ^*'" ^^"^^-^ -^er reigns of' T^dtu; plts"t "' f "'""'^^ ^^^^'^ ^^^ ^^ort under the crue pe^ eeut! n T ""'• '''"'"^' «^>""'^ ^^« over) Maximianus elder and V "" . ''""^* *'"" ^^ ^-^^<^*-- -^ minus. Sr^llt thi rr^"; "'';.'"■ ^^^^^ ^^^"-"^ -^ ^axi. persecution begun XI "\*' ^'^ "'^^^^-^ «f*hislast gracious answer atSength^oTheprtrortr r^""* '' ''^"'^ the destruction of Romp P ^^^ , ' '''''"' witnesses, in the last cruel pei' eeul Twr " ' "" ^"^^ ^™^ ^^'^ f"" ^^ earth had come o an nd • f 7 " '''"''^''' "^ ^^^^^^^en anJ the ruin of kinVrs^d ^Z^'tt "^^' '' ^^^^^^^^ places, inJer.iv.24- Isa xiii in ' I ^ '""' ''"'"^"S «th«'' that this seal contain's l"gr "^ llT-n'""' ' '''' "" ''- ^o the Great against all thnl 1 .\ " "'''^' ""*"'' "^' ^onstantine death of theTa^k "n Zi 'r ■"''■' ''''''' ^'« ''"' ^86 to the The se.ena se^ (Rev^i^ 1 )' ^^T ^" ''^ '''' '''' breath of the Church and n^oV JV If fr.' ^"'P^^^^^ts the short tine, from the ye" r 313 w^ T . " '''"^'^""^ "^^^^^ ^onstan- favour, and pai^ Jarl'v f I^'f ^"^"^'"^^ ^"^ ^'^-t i« thieir •{OA /u- P'^^^'^u^arly from the death of Licinius in •- ^'' -^ onrritt Ihe foiaih trumpet (Rev vin 1o\ i • tionsonRome.bydLkeil:u:;, :j,tr:S?T ""'" '"^^" by the eclipsing of the sun L a J t " tTT^""'"*"' starg also in like manner Bv vi 1 ' "'' '"'"" *^"'^ doubt, the decay of the hn^-^rkn' ''/''' *" ""^^-'^'^tand, no by the Lombax^; al: t E^ XaT" ;T. ""'^'^^ '" *^^ ^^'«"^*' trumpet lasted from the ear 5 8 t \l! ""^'''- ^' '^^* *^^« -dethePopeinama::irL;' /k^^^^ JZ^''' "'-"/^P^" kindness, gave his son Charlc.nfgne rem^^tt t'itTo ''Tv'"' '''" Rome,) making thus the succeedfng W LZ rin ■''''' °' the ancient one, (Rev xiii 14 , ,f ''^'''*J™/^"iP're ar image of Ihc former. Therefore "^"""'^''f"'"'' judgments above de:::;;^ :;x^^.::- t^rt- ^^^^^ ^^- «- .oe ; the not be supposed to say muot 1 : °"''' '^ "'''^"^'' ^^^^ ^ ^an- account ^L'sfy • u L ^'fi ^'l "'^V' '"' ^""- ^«* ^^^-t stand, that no o h "r than 1 o E , '''; ^ ■'^""' ''' '''' *«""der. atar that fell from hc^v" fof tts' fr" "" '""^''^'^* ^^ «- ministry (Rev. i 30 3 n '' , ' '^"^^'' '^^ *h« g««PeI Neithe/either rix:^rs::;?^ itT^t ^^^^^^'"^• denotes the glorious and holy state of th.n'i™' ^'^'^^ iftcr Constantine's ;cst sous, or at the the usurpation of n of hail, lire, and utions against the itcrvention of that md the conclusion upon the death of an II., and finally t began with the 3 a great kingdom burning with fire into the midst of by the sea (Rev. od. By which we of the barljarous Oman dominions, lade a formidable IS and llonorius, Rome in the year f Athaulphus the U4), and of Gen- Italy and other t the time wasted year 470. Illy represent the falling from the purity, being degenerated from the . H-lory brst angel of light in tho 40 A DISCOURSE CONCERNING I I Church to bo tho grand angel of darkness ; and becoming thus tho prnico of incarnate devils-the key of the bottomless pit (which ho . and hi. follovvors boast of as tho key of St. Peter) being put into his hand V,y tho old serpent, for carrying on tho black designs of hell. 2nd. The dark pitchy smoke that came out of the pit, upon his opening it, was certainly designed to signify the ignorance that did then prevail in the world, and the gross and horrid errora that were spread abroad, and vended for divine truths by the sot^ tish monks that then swarmed abroad under various names and leaders, and particularly tho idolatry that then began to prevail universally in tho world ; for about that time, though several of the Greek emperors did stiffly oppose image worship, yet the Popes did at length prevaU, through multitudes on both sides lost their lives in this quarrel. 3rd. The locusts that came out of this smoke wore tho Saracens, that followed Mohammed, who compiled the model of his religion by tho '..clp of Jews and Christian heretics, especially of Sergius, a Nestorlanm. A, whom the Ara- bian and Turkish writers called Bahira.^" Those Arabian locosts (whose Ilegira or era is dated from Mohammed's flight from Mecca, a.d. CG2, a little after tho Pope got the title of Universal Bishop, A.D. 600) did in a little time so increase, that they con- quered or overran a great many countries in a very little time • for they overflowed Persia, Syria, Egypt, Palestine, and other places, about the year 729. They extended their arms into India in the year 643, and into Spain in the year 711, and ravaged several parts of France from a.d. 721 to the year 726, till they were routed at length with a groat slaughter by Charles Martel, about the year 728.^ However, they continued after that to be a scourge to the Christians, especially under the reign Almanzor, until about the year 772, when the Turks began to grow famous.f So that the five months, or one hundred and fifty years, wherein thev tor mented the Christians (though they had no power to destroy their empire) was from 622 to 772. But we must not imagine that these five months of years are the period of this trumpet; for this must be reckoned from 758 to a.d. 1067, or thereabouts, when Tangro- hpix tne Turk put an end to the Saracen Empire, by conquering * l)r. Prideaux's Life of Mohammod. pp. 45-48 + See the autl.ors of the Turkish History, put out by Conraclus Clauserus. THE RlSt A' I) l.AM, oF PAPAUV. 41 the Calii.h of l'or8iii. Nu;v, tl.oi-oforo, in tho 4th plaoe, (to [.ii^s by the other things obsorvublo in this Samcen \vuo-tiHii>!.- i), k.^ it bo considcroJ, that a.s tho apostate JJishopofllome is .-hI.hI the uncrd ormo8,sen;,^orofthobottoniles,si,it, 80 Mohanun.,.!, the kino- and prophet of the Saracen locu^t^, is called Abaddon or Apollyon (Rev. IX. II) ; that is a destroyer, as carrjin^ on his religion by sword and violence : from whence his locust followers are said (verse 10) to have stin^rs Uh, scorpions, by whi.h thoy poisoned tho souls of men, if they did ut all .spare their bodies ; f.»r fjioy were m other respects swiit and strong a. liorses, and had faces like men in their resoning us well as ^ ghting for their snporstition • adorned with hair like wonion-appoaring soft and insinuating at fa-st view, though armed with lions' tof-tli, as belno- (io.vo and cruel. By reason of which qualili,„il„ns they got many victories, ajid are therefore represented as ..-owned ^vhh crowns of gold vKev. IX, 7.) Unt upon tho wlmb. n, ,itcr, this trumpet, as it sun- poses tho rise of the Saracen Empire from the Ilegira 022, and the begun rise of the Pope from the year im or C(),S ; so, after five months, or one hundred and fifty years (that is to the vear 772), rZ .''f l'''''P'^''^t^'^»« continued, and tho Papal h-om G06 or 008 to^oG or ,oS. So that the d.iration of this begins with a n ' ^'"'"'^ """«5 ''"^ when ,?;, t'o famous Ottoman, vvho a 1 r ? '""'• ^^ "'''«'" ""o ofthatg..cat empire, ove .-1 i ,' f ; '^' f ^''^ *^° ^-"''^tio- thus day. Thoy are descril.o ' ""'^ ^''^' 'he sceptn >' *^>1 '« «t,Jl a monument, boiu. u odT , ' / '^"''' ^'^'^ ''^'-^^'^ atid command. Their number ^a. •"'"* ^^^""f «»«ign of honor -; Porhap,, exactly t.o it ^dClfr^f"^^ "^'^'"^ '^ ^^ th to bo Jiore asserted; for thov ' /"''"'^'^"J tliou.sand, as -'t seems *han a thousand tho^saml fi.L '^''''" ''"* ^"* '^° '^rmy of f^^ b-a.stph.os >-oin.o.sent: fi,!? rj» '^^ --• Ti.i' po,[ i^d tho.r horses are said to be 1 ke " s r°«"'"" V the sun ; and fire-arms began then to used in J . J" ??"" ^"^ --4 together with cannon of prodi^o.' "^'''^ ^'^^^'^^'^^ «reut store! their tak,-ng of cities, Ld ' r ul frr";/'"''^ ^'^' ^^^''tate •hoohng these on horseback isCe" 'tM '^"^"""^P''^)' their and brimstone had come out of th T ""' '^*''^ fi^«' and smoke be.ng discharged over thel laj " ^rlr^"*^^' ^'^^ P^-s' bod.es of men, and with their Tai; T^ "'"'' ^^^^ billed the killed the souls of those poor c^e^ t"' ''^^ '''^^« «'-' they their poisonous doctrino • • '^'^'^^^'^^'^ that were stung or bi wU ^ (that is the third p'rt of, ^ "'"""^'^ that the third part of -^ioh fei, to c.lsC.t \^;;:;r^^r".^-p^-. vCth p^ -ong his three sons) .i:!;:^^^'::^^^ ^'vided the wh'oTe ™; .''''^"'''«^"*« the time ofiist ««°1"«red by them, calculation given of it ; for th.'y . e s '."T'^ ^^ ^^^^« ^^ ^^act hour and a day, and a month and . " ^' ^''P''''^ for an used indefinitely in this ,Jk for? ^''''' '"^^ ^«"^ heing ever' are accordingly to take W XtT " ^"'^'^ ^' «-' - being used definitely always, Je^n^sr^'- ^''''■^' ^^^ "months here also. So tln/tj, ^^ likewise interni-Af fu that the sense of the place is, that trTurksTer" fP^OMOS, «ndLeunclav.H«t.p.88. # head.* For, at thoy were undar ««ns; and when lOHisolves under lis. of whom one the foundatio'. s the scoptrv. to ^hey fronoraUy liK'li the horse's "Sign of honor I'K'it ho at that nd, as ''t seems iirmj of fewer ^'hoir polished the sun ; and ■And seeing ifl groat store, did facilitate "ople), their B. and smoke, their pieces ■y killed the Is also, they ? or bit with >art of men Z-, that part i the whole i by them. »'e arn exact red for an. being ever ' time, wo id months t them so iirks were ist. p. 88. miC RISK AND FALL OF PAPACT. 4-^ Xt Str^^.:i!:; rir •— '^^ 'n t'>e Ha.^i «oason,even for aTnv „L "". "'^"'' ""• '^ ^<^'-'='i» l-'-r or Pl-tical year being\hroe S L ,^^ ^T'' ^."^ '' ^^^ these, wilh the addition of one more L 'i! ?1 " "'"'"'' *^'''*^' hundredand "inotvone yours wl?. "''/'^° »^'''''"'' '^'"'hreo abouttlH,yearlO.;7(thaor^r ?."''''" ''^''■"'•''•^'••'^t'"^ iipix erected the T kil ' ', -.'"^f"-"''''^'^-'^' r-kouing) Tangro- Wens. From th:,. ' 1 ' : ii-? "" ^""-'^ ^'■'^^«^''- dred and nl„otv-..ne yLr^r^f^^ T""^'''' '^'' '^'''^ ^^^^^• according to our ordina y eZnU Ui >"" '^ ''" ^"^^ ^^'^8' phetiealrecko„ing.tothoLr -''/:"* ''''''"'••''"^ *'^ P^^^ theGreattookCo^tan nJn""^^^^^^ the ruins of the iir^rt;::^^:^ ''' ?'" "'"'^'^^^ "'-" does not make the period of fh ,^ r^'n-'^'-kable that John to be the whole duralll L^^L ^ t"' ^1 ""'^^^-^ ^-- ration for after-action from t fir H i 7"p' ^'* ^"^^ '^^^ P-P'" we see how exactly this is f„lfin 1 1 "^'^''^'* ^'''•'li Nation, so hope is no unedifi^ng :;:i2n " ^'^ "'^"*' ^•^^'«''' "-«f-. I which is filled up with the a^cC of tb'f """'^'^^^'^^^^^'^'^th. (Rev. xi.), Ido humbly concede hat /»; ""'"^ "^ '^'" ''''''''''' of the saints were before .1; t f'''''':^^''^^^^^^ slaughters must have been during thltlTervnlf 7"' V'^ ^'"^'^^ ^''^"Vter during the height of 1:^:^^::^ ^^^]^ ^onia -* ^^ followers ; and much less can it ho «, ? Antichrist and hia Of the seventh trumpet, anTwL '^^t^ '^f^ "^ -nd Beast are n-poaring out I,I„n,„„„f P'^S""' "P"" the stUion,, were the honest Piel „ , flLr"'"^ °' """'^^ '"""" who were slain at lennl, after ,h„ t^j "'•"""' ^'''<'"'°"": former attacks. partic„i:,i; £ of S' m"" '"^ ""=«k of all hundred thousand crosies/:!; Ll^ r. mT rf/'' "^ >-. -en -HnHnssin/s-rrrrw^rs 44 A DISCOrusE COi^ci RNrNO FoM„^,„- „:.-vti:;„:;";;;/;;;ir::;:t:z:,:s oui voiHiun, f <.ri„imi „,„i -i i . the .o„so). o. the. Lodio. In tho .t,... or ;^;;'t ' ;-^ :n: J^.mo m a largo sonse. F,,,. I ,la,,, towanln tho ortlof t o fiftconti, coutu..y tho witnosKcs woro iu a n.a.u.o.- wl.oll oxtin t I^.rCoa.o„u,s^ tolls „. tl.t, about the yea. 1407, tho V=dd :^ in AuHtrnv a,.l Monnia ha,! compliod so Atr as to .lissomhle t d llio lahontcst .n tho moantimo, upon theh- rofusin., to do so. .vo'; sodostroycd l.at.twasmuchthat«evcntyorthemcould,otto:o, consul about continuing tlioir Church, and aboutlindin. ou omociuahhod person to bo thoir nunistor. for thoy had nono lof L '/"h u ^"' '^' '''' ""^ tho Church of Christ thon that ^vhen tho hiddon remains of tho Taboritos (Mho wore called Specuan, from thoir lurking in dens and caves) sent out folr men (as the same author relates in another book).t to » ravel one tiurd to riu-aco Lulgarnx, and tho neigl.bouring places, and a fourth to Asia. Palestine and Egypt, thoy did all indeed safely return to the.r bi^thren, but with sorrowful nows-that ihey found no Church of Chnst that was pu re or free from tho gro . sost errZ superstition, and idolatry. This was in tho year 1497 And when thoy sent two of thoir nuinb.r two yo.a-. afterwards, viz * Hist rcrs.EccI. liohom, vh. xx.. -I. -. r, 70 n i 71 ,, 4. « . , » r '■!('■('-', j I, 7 II). cii. XX.. sect n II t'lilixtlru'^ iiih'v which oir hrothroii ! your 1492. r than doiul the I'ormor imnph ; for ictory, and y them out !• (Iioy had 1 tliem, &c. il words in h' hut mar ty — that is ff'oni city nd of tho ly extinct. ^Viildonsos inhle tlioir inpliiinco. i» so, -wcro (t together ndlng out none loft irist then, )ro called out four avol, one ! north, a a, and a id safely icy found st errors, 7. And rda, viz. ct.3 Is Exhorta- TIIKRISK AND I ALL OF PAl'A t V fiiiko Pragiio and ThoinuH (J oti thoy rcturno.l with tl ornuin, to go int., Ii„lv, I'ln, '<"• pl.icos to H,.n if thoro wore any of tho old Wal to, and •0 Hunio inclanchuly nowH an tho f ilonNcs loftalivo. iiur hoar of Virnior hudy know whoro. Xow a fow years after this, os on tlwTr '• '"°^"'7^---''-loutand porsoiutcX ••i lly anj osonp.ng; ,o that, A.n. lolO, .ix suiferod t...,othor P; l.< y; and tho yoar following, that fan.ou. martyr A.^ alnvka, who, I think, was tho h.t of tho period. Knan osc f'^'V '•' '7'-'''f'''-y'- loll. ..r l^giidngof iol"^^^^^^^ |^:u-og o tho KdornnUion hy tho Hrnt p;^aohin: of Caro . .d nnd /u,n,^^a,s ^.-ho appeared at least a year l.dWro Luthor a and a h If ; winch answers as near as can ho to tho throo .lay; and a half of tho unhuriod «tato of tho witnesses. So that the Sj ' it ' n n.. , to tho witnesses (Rev. xi. 11) began with the y a lb Vle^Lut^'""'"';'■^''•'''^"'' ''' ''^^'^'''' -"-^ — t. Thw ^"^/'^^* ;'in^'^««'l t'»° '^«ro l.uhliely in tho yoar 1517. rioywero no only enlivened, but (hut to explain the words of ye ti oo' "l'^' '' ^'"'''" ^"•■"'^■•) *'->' -so upon their feet, in the year 1.29 when so many prin.-es and free cities in Germany pro- tested aga.nst tho edict of Worms and Spiro, and .o ^ot tho^mmo of Protestants. Thoy hoar.l a voice fron, ' ,, s.., "ng ( Lv T 12) :-« Ascend hither" (that is, to power ami peairwhon Maur;ce of Sa .ony beat the En,peror Ch.rl.s, in the year r552 And aco.n-ding,y thoy did after tha, ...on. th; hoave^ 'of W.r' est and secunty, as if thoy had ),.en watted up by a cloud, and that an the s.ght oven of their on^ unes. when the Protestan ,' h- fZ ":;r^'; :^'r'^'^' --^"^^ l/-.'any settled and allowed of. in tho ITdui^^^lir c!' ^™l^«"^'"»«J ^"^'l ^-^firmed by Maximilian and Rudolph afterwards, .n whose days the Church began to be m rk ^' 'T J""^'' r""^^-^«' vi-, in England, Scotland, Den- mark. Swedon. Switzerland, and the Low Countries. Now it is observable that in thi. period of tin.e. when the witnesses finished + Hl.-t. Kcrn-m. vol. i. '; il 46 A t>lS()i)UKSR CONCRKNiNff if I. * their testimony, or were about to do so, the Turks took C'onstanti- nop e m the year 1453 ; which I take to be designed by the earth- quake that destroyed the tenth part of the Roman dominions (Ko^ XI. lo); for tlie Grecian Empire was reduced before that, from being the third part of that empire to be the tenth part only So tliat Mohammed's prevailing over the Greek Church and the Pope s conquests over the Arestern Christian were much about a t.me,_and tJierefore said to be in the same hour or period of time ; that IS, before the sixth trnmpet ended, and before the seventh began ; for the sixth trumpet is the hour of the Turkish woe- And indeed their triumpli was much of the same kind also. For as he Papists triumphed only over the dead bodies of the witnesses that ,s, o.-er the Calextincs, who were no longer living witnesses, the Tabontes being all gone, and having overcome their enemies by their blood and the word of their testimony), so the Turkish triumph was only over seven thousand names of men; that is, over he remaining Eastern Christians, who were so degenerated mal respects that they were only names or shadows of true Chiistmns; only, whereas the Grecians did yet own themselves to be the same in profession with their ancesters, and so were the same with them as to name, the Calixtines were even debarred that privilege. These things being therefore considered (which I could easily enlarge upon were I not confined at this time). I think it is abun- dantly plain that the great slaughter of the witnesses must have been precisely at the time I have mentioned. For it could not be ^11 Antiehnst wa. at his highest pitch of power and grandeur. should be after the seventh trumpet sounded, and the vials beo-an to be poured out, seeing the witnesses were not only risen th'en. but were the instruments of this last and greatest woe to the wor^ Bhippers of the Beast. And therefore we find (Rev. xi. 14 15 &c \ that as soon as the witnesses arose, the second woe ended,' and the third commenced in the begun exaltation of the saints ^nd ser- vants of God. And It IS to me altogether inconceivable that the rndTt7hIt?H ."''"' r*" *^^ Antichristian interest decline, and yet that the witnesses should be entirely cut oflf during such « penod. So that I am almost bold, on thil head (though I am )k Constanti- by the earth- n dominions before that, th part only, irch and the inch about a •iod of time ; the seventh urkish woe also. For as !ie witnesses g witnesses, leir enemies he Turkish 3n ; that is, iegenerated >W8 of true themselves so were the n debarred iould easily it is abun- must have )uld not be i grandeur, ible that it ials began isea then, to the wor- 14, 15, &c.) d, and the I and ser- 3 that the 8t decline, iring such )ugh I am THE BISE AND FALL OF PAPACr. 47 ing. that t^o:::::t^^:^x:i::2T'f- ™"^"^ ^p^^^- been before, whatever nartio. In. ? ''*"" ''' ^^'^ ^*^« may he under for Itimo „ if P'""'"*^"'' ^^''^^''^tions they theren^ayreall'ttrePrlT ?"■" '"™'^'=^'^« appearances A« • .'u.^*'^®^^^*^«*'^"t interest cvcrvwhore say that tl«v ahaH L ,' ' • '""'°"' "'<"""'<'. >"J «'">nKo to «' twelve hun- onr„rther\tChi:??:" ''"p'r^'."°'' "- '°"« «-«>• two thio,., ™oke„ Tf „ "■"' "■" " "'^^'- "'■ 3. there are Th.iln'Thatr""'''' rr°' *" "-"W-r-ofAntiehri^t. ?o p.ach or ;:;x:r:;^:- trrr t.;:Tr:„t for twelve hied aorif """""T '." " '""' """ «=■'«■»' «""«• P-aehio, wa, over, or afteMh' tw L tZ^Tj'J^:', " orrc::Lt:::tr t^th^zf r ""^^^^^^^^^ .lain and cut off! (Rev i iN^ J TT'"""™°"y ."sr "°r »'"- ''■° «---°n ™ "tt rdfuTof-tr Sir e„e:?,:rrubft°^ T »— """--a. one,, l:'*, time, in thTsrli °, f r T"'""' '""'°"= """l «'""« tha ---ss^^,-^ir::^S-:ia 48 A DI8COUR9L; CONCERNING >f!l by law, in opposition to Popery, which it never was before. But to proceed : The semit/i trumpet Hounds (Rev. xj. 14, &c.) inunediately upon the end of the nixth ; that is, upon the rising of the witnesses. Now, as the 13th and 14th chapters of Revelation are but represen- ta-tions of the state of affixirs under the six trumpets preceding, relatmg to the condition both of the Church and Antichristian party,-so the 15th and IGth chapters are preliminary to the period of the seven vials being poured upon the Papacy and its dominions. Ui which visions I have a great many things to say, but I must curb myself now, lest I prove too tedious. I shall therefore only put you in mind of wliat I hinted before, that the seventh trumpet compvclionds the seven vials ; f.u- these are but the parts of it which gradually destroy the Papal interest, which had increased under the former trumpets. As, therefore, this period brings in reformation, and by various stops makes the kingdoms of the world (Avhich before were under Antichrist) to change so far and 80 wonderfully as to become the kingdoms of God and Christ (Rev. XI. 15, &c.), so after a general but glorious account of the Btate of the Church, from the Reformation (xiv.), and a general account of the vials to be poured out on the Popish party during the same period (xv.), we have a distin ' iccount of the pouring out of these seven vials (xvi.), in obedience to the great voice out ot the temple (verse 1), which is but a repetiton of the sounding of the seventh trumpet (xi. 15,) under a new representatian of it. The third and last septenari/, therefore, is that of the vials, or last plagues and judgments upon Rome Papal ; which, as far as I can, I shall explain by a distinct account of such of them as I reckon to be fulfilled, and be some few conjectures upon the re- maining ones. But before I proceed to the particular conslderarion of these, there are two things which I would premise. The fust is, that as the trumpets did raise Antichrist up, and the vials must pull him do^vn, so there is a wonderful relation that the last bear to the former, especially the four first ones. For the first trumpet and first vial bring judgments on the earth, the second trumpet and vial on the sea, the third trumpet and vial on the rivers, and the fourth trumpet and vial on tlie sun. The second is this, that efore. But mmediatoly e witnesses, at rcpresen- preceding, ntichristian ) the period dominions. but I must srefore only itli trumpet parts of it J increased d brings in )ms of the so far and ind Christ •unt of the a general -rty during lie pouring t voice out B sounding ,tian of it. le vials, or as far as I them as I son the re- i of these, la, that as t pull him ear to the impet and impet and s, and the this, that THE KISE AND FALL OF PAPACT. 40 Po!l ^^'^ p ? ^\ '"^P"'" " ^*^"^Sle and war between th« Popish and Reformed parties, every vial is to be looked upon as fi st'rZ ' 'r^"'^r "^ '"^"^ "^^^ P^^-^^'^^^'^l attack if that first party upon this other ; the issue of which proves at length favourable to the latter against the funiior. Wifich, seeLgTit' the most noble and remarkable part of the period that the vial relates to is therefore that which denominates the period t« If even as the conquest of Pompey by Cresar, and of Anthony by Augustus, suppose their wars before, and give the denomination proceed ^''^''''''''^''' '^^^^ ^^ ^^-ng premised, I now The ;^-;-.j vial, which fell upon the earth to the tormenting of the Bubjec s of the Beast (Rev. xvi. 2), doth denote God's jud^mel upon the foundation of the Papal power, the earth bei^ng t1 on ^hich we walk and build our houses, and out of whose womb we and the Papal dominions and revenues, as they are upheld 1.y tinTed ^^l'^' *^^r^f-«' b««-- -ith the Reformation, a'nd co^ tinned until the time tb.^ ^ho Popish factors and trumpery were thiwn out of as man ...fcnes of Europe as embraced the Z formation And we i. „ ...ily conceive what a mortification thk was to that party, when the pretended sanctity of the priests monks, and nuns, was found to be mere cheat, and their miracle nothing else but lies or legerdemain; and when their JeTof purgatory were exposed to public contempt, and their pardons and indulgences would sell no longer; and, consequently, when the Pope and his red-hatted and mitred officers saw themselves driven out of so great part of their dominions, their seminaries for breeding their motley soldiers of all denominations and orders pulled down, and so much of their yearly revenues lost. Whence they are said to fall under a noisome and grievous dpos (ulcer or sore) ; being this way pained and vexed inwardly, and rendered contemptible to the whole world, that looked upon them as no better than vermin and the plagues of mankind ; so that th^s vial began with the rise of Zuinglius and Luther, and the other Re- formers in the years 1516 and 1517, and continued to the year 1566--that 18, about forty years ; for against that time aU the Re- formed Churches were settled, and published their creeds and 50 m \m A DISCOUESE COHCEltmm i creed of P„p„ p"^ IV 'r •>,'"', 't'^ '° "«' ^"^^ 1^63, ami tho 1564. '^ "™ •^''™'™ °'">'. »l>ich WM put ^ i.„. Spain and the SMohJ21 K„L f TT •*"'"" "" '''°8 "* got the nick-name of ftLr '^f '"'""''' '"B"-. ''hen the Utter ^ . '''^ "■^^^^ tne"" cniolties under the Duke of Air- .V ^1.^7 Countries, and their massacres of the ProtZlll w ^"^ other places, tl,e scene wr« , "•' '7 ^ ^«^^*«nt8 m France and Nantes being^^e";,'* 1 ' ^"^ ''*'" "^ •^^^^««' *^« ^d^^'of R-otestantB^fthat a TorT "T- " ^""°' '" '^^^^ ^"^^ where, and Conquered nU n Tl ^.^*'''^^* ^^« "^^ P«^«e every- on the^ther 3::l"s;f '^^^^^^^^^^^ J^t^^P-^ p4. brought to a languishL comilt on iVZ'lf^ '^' Protestants, wars and persecLns "Vn:t:rtC;ea:^ 00^ ^7"^' ^' made between the Spaniards and theDuL 1 .1, "? ""^ renewed and carried on afterwZ! 1? , ' '"* *^^''*''' *^<>"g^ as hardly to be felt ort :rfbv eX "?"' '^"^ '^^°*' «^ Dutch, who were for the most Irf v' ^''''^' "'P^'^^^^ *J^« that, as the period of th ^l bCn Tn "7 "' ^^r'"^ ' '' reckon it continued about ml yeat v^z tn t^' ^'5.^^ "^^^ we shall find tha£ the third viiSlS^' Ln ^ X''''' "^'"« The jfAirrf vial (Rev xvi 4_7\ ^ "^n- I'oi, fountain, of watoH:* it 4:™7"' ?" "'"° ?!«"""■ as neoessaiy toitn, rivereand fo, IT ■ "'""'^ ""eh were it were jfor™... viirrtlnttrto^h rd:n{' "r- " for a. the former de,tro,ed the living'^el'^ of u'L^r..' I luinations of )63, and the tian asftides >ut OUtA.l>, where the •om thence, le King of n the latter were often dare them to the Ro- ir expecta- in the Low 'ranee and • that A.D. r after de- inveterate And A.D. le edict of >urofthd ice every- sh party, itestants) weary of •uce was ; though faint, so iaily the sful; 60 we may , seeing THE KISE AND FALL OF I'AVACY. gl after the year 158^10^^1? "' to thcr marine power, who, the English and ^u: ^!Z ^^Z^'T'''''' '' '""^ -- ^ for the Popish party to s. « f , ' ^''''^"'' '^''^^' »* difficult inland count y and^vo a Tl" °? *!"" ^''''''^ «^«" - ^^e lx>nrlng plaeor For Tl^^^^^^ and th« neigh- "pontheBoho^iansbytleL'nl m!;^ '^'"^ ^-^-^ the foundation of new quat Xwas , T' ' '''"'"'^ ^•"«' While after, another moTtuZvZu ^" ''"^' ^"^^ '^ ""^« shook all the empire ZifZu ?T ^'^^ '"■^"«^' ^^^^^ Protestants lo.tBrc^i:lo7.i:"'^. '''''''^' ' ^'^'^ "-"S^ the outofMoravia, A^ ^^0^^'^^' and were driven only persecuted in many place but Ik! . T' '"^ ""''' ^«* rooted out univesallv vl V. !•', ^ *" '''' extirpated and after the or^^of'a lllc *"'^°' ""'' '"^ ^ '^^^'-' ^or considerable C Gutm a?.'?"^ "^"' " '''''''' ^'^^ ^r a 1630, and com;ite;;:Lt ^^^ onto. Germany in the year two years after yet his armv onn^ !''^"S\1^« ^^as killed about all things were accomnldTted !t r" '"''"'"^' "'^*" '' ^«°gth with which, therefTe thrpert '^^^^^^^^^^ -- ''^'' posed to end, which consist^o 1^^^^^^^^^^ ^^ -P- began with persecutions against T/oZu ^^'^' ""' *^" tants, so at length the mJZTL \ ^ ^^' "P""' *^« P^ot««- for making the Pai^stscSf !,'"'"'''' ^' '^'"''^ *^ ^^^^ th«^k- songofprLe aX i; Jhit^ T'^''"'^^"- ^^^^ which seems to denote thf joy tth of tt p ?^''"'" *'• ^" Church upon the success of tbfq 1 ! ^^-^to^tant State and The/ivA vial com now to 1 '™? ''^^""^^ *^« ^"^P^ro''. poured out upon the sun of Th P 'T^'''"^' ^nd as this is the effect of i? is men's beig st^lS'^"^^"; ^"^T ^^^^ «)' ^ yet does not make them turn o ^u^ l . '"l^ ""''^ ^''' ^^^^^^ more, as we may see in verse 9 N !f ?'''"' ^"^ "'-^'"^ ^^^ where the other ends, vi. ! t ^ "'. ""' "^"^^ ^^■''«* ^'^^^ cannot see but it must donote tho r^''' *^'' ^^^^ ^^^S, so I Munster, with other tcWent J n ^''^ """''^ ''^ P^^^'^ '^ the French hostiliJcVandw.^rr"';"'^'^- ^^'^ we find that and though this fire^td ::r.^l- ^ p'" '''' '-"' ^ ' ^J thu Pyreneau peace, as A MSCOtliSlJ COKCIiltNlifo ^oZ flinit^r 1^-' ^■''}'-^^ P--^ -her A.el the seizure of Lorrai o 1 n. """''' '^'^''"^"^ ^^'^^^^ ^^^«'-«' by gundy and FJnnd 'nnJ ., ' '""''"'^■^'^ ^^ ^^>« ^''^^^h in Bui. Bion o'f the W C ;.n it^'rr T" '^""""^'' ""^ '" ^-- king's quarrel with several Pn ''' "'"''' ''^^^'^ ^^^ ^'•^"oh the rigJtsof the Duke of Mo r^' T *'^ '•^^^'*"^^"" ^^ <^««tro, the refale and the^^ ehJsTw : ' •^"^^' '''''' ^"^ «^-* towns and cities was chiefly nact:.:7'"'tl ^7'"^'"^"* ^^ may see how properly the scoreh;,.! i '' ^''"''' '^''^^«' ^« (as if the -nLd^senVl; r :fal ;r"\"^^'^ ^™" ^^- made use of to characten.e the tin e of . ^ 7° ^'^^'^ " thivg to be taken notice of here t h't thn ''i' ' """^ "^« ^^^^^ of heaven are the o.blem f pHntV rtirV^'"^""'"^^^^^ notice before. Therefore th.l kingdoms, as we took must denote the huSion of r"' " • "' '''^ '''' ^'^ "^ -° Romish interest ^hZ^Z "'" ''"'""^* potentates of the -PportthePa^il ^^ i^S ttr'"^"^"- ^^^^^^ ^^ understood of the houses of Ausw'a and ^""' T"'' ^ ^""^^P^"^ clusively of other Popish printeT 2w1tfrt"' '''"^^ "^* ^^" to make his enemies crush 2T ,''*'' '^^^"""sual with God -ppose this vial i ; tnd~ T" T-''^'' ^"^ ^^^ ^ the pouring of it out nn+i,' '" '* '" «'"d that, upon scorch men with fire And ihi. • , • ^® connection) to when he wob forced to resiirn a?l I,,-. • ' ""'' specially l.te peace of Keswick T i ^17^"' ° ^''°''"'' "j- *■■« t^nfa^a, hiih r:;:rd*i;::\^r:,r&:? r t^ THE BISE AND FALL OF PAPACr. 53 quests f,.„,„) „y„,„ h,u,.l ofKin! wlC T""?" "'""""'- put a »lo„p to tho oreor of «,„ r™„ i ' ^ ^''""" "''«= ""i in Fla„cle„, a„U o„ .„ M 'J "^'^ '' '"""-'' '» "i, „»„,„e,t, out, hi tho e„|i.«„ „f (. '""■■ -^'f »« '^^ It further poured desigo, of the three confLril' °'^'''""« «'« "i«keJ and Russia. '^""''-'"'•'t.ns monarelu. of PohnJ, Denmark, . seeing ;,„ ^JZ.nTrZTX^:'' '"' -^'"-I^P'ioal thoughts, future times. IlJZT,'J!TlT ■""' «'''"'"*• '" «»'=ulal« V9ntureto„rosentvoafi„r °-, "^ °""'' »" f". I shall ad- thi, head ; ZTlLlIrt' ?i ' '"'"° """J'"'"'"' "-""gte oa gIvethe.'a„,;i;,Ll:;:;:;"° ""'""^"''" °f---n,.o Jntg"prottr:;*:'', fT " '" *'-«'• ™- ^ «« - suppose that it will eome lo l„ i ■' ■ \ , ""'' ' '''' ''°"»l'Iy and that it .i„ run Z22^^^ ^ "" 'Z ""■ first conjecture are Uvo ^'h„ ^ ^T \i ^'® ''^^^^"^ f^^'' *^e Papal kingdom got a oolido."f ^'' .''''"^"■^' ' ^""^ '"^^^ '^^ Roman Weste n'l: W t ^: TT '^'^^ *? ^^« P--, upon the which the Heruli suckled tho\ fa fr^' '" "" ^^'^^ '^'' *« afterward. Now if W thh^ uV"°' ^"^ *'^« Ostro-Goths culation of the tw; ve Zl- T-^''^^' ''''' ^« ^'^^^ *h« ^'^l" to A.i>. 1735 whilh n nronh . "1 "' "^ ^''"' ^'^''^ ^^^^ '^^ ^0^^ year Iead.s us d^rto a new f'"^ ''''''■'' ^°^ ^'^^«'"^«'^) *his observable that ^JZ^Z^Zll^^l/^^'^'V '^ '^ '^ -' no farther) were burned in the ^1; 417 / iT ^1 T u'" "^ religion in Bohemia and othfr ,1 ' "^^"'^^ *^« *>•"« and suppressed until^b.^f ^ ' '"'"' """•■" '^'^'^ "^«^« obscured u^ipresscu, until that famous year 1517 whpn T.,fj,, and gave the Reformation a new resurrection r ^™''' remarkable prediction of JeroZ of Tare .p r ^"^ *' *^"' volutis Deo respondebitis et m ihi " whil L« ^ . '°"^' '^ wards stamped ur,on th.i. co-'nT. tt' t ?<^^^^^^ns after- . -— - co.n ns their moiro. irom which jaar £4 A DISCOURSE CONCERNING the Geman and the bIi u ia w« T''"" ''^ ' "'^'^"^ ^'''«^' *"»« » but too obviourwha an elhlf. Tn" ^'^ '"^'^'^ ^"*- "^"^ »' this, notwithstanding l'^;otl' tut 'o^^^^^^^ ^'"^^^ «- to fourth vials. So that there i« 1 .1 " ''"^"^' *h^'''^' «"d ginning of anothe Leh eeltu rti ^'^ *''^^.' ^'^^'^^ *^« ''- better; for I cannot but hope hT; 1'' """' "°"" ""'''' ^'' *^« chief supporters of Ant icln^st ^il ^ , "°^" "^«^*'««-tion of the French monarchy may te" nT bf. T"! ! '^"^ P^^aps the that time; that whereL thf present Tr^^^'^ '""'^^' ^^«"* for his emblem, and this for hH "to ' Ne'o f"^ *''" *'^ "'" may at length, or ratl^er his Icce" 1 ?„?,""'"' '"'^''''' ^^« (at least before the year miTZT \ T * " ' '"'^''^'^^7 itself respect to neighbourirS: S^^^^^^^ T I find the Pope lot a now f ?" '^ ^^''^' ^^°J«'^*"'-« ^« «"« = that MponhisconTuef fita^^^^^^ management.\eing wS; too. • '^ T"* "''''"'" *' *^« ^«P«'« that of this haugf ty p efa to No" fv T-'"*^""*^ *« ^^^^-^^ this.bytheadditbnV;ete h^nl d" J"^^ ^ «- year 552, down to the year 1812 • whth .T7 """"^ ''^*^ ^'^''' ''^^^^<^ is the year 1794. Andtren I'r " *« P'-^Phetical account, .^nd the fifth commtce ty 'a nJl^m^'V'''''^ ^'^' -» -^ after this vial has lasto/ one hunZd a'd T f ^'t '*'^"^' which, indeed, is long i„ comparison wjfh ^^/^^^y^'ght years; it be considered in r^ation tXZrtl fif^and^L'thf ' '"V' it IS but short • sooino- +!.« f .u i ' """' ^^'^ sixth trumpets, years, the fif^hC "LL "f, '''''"' ^ ^""•^''^'^ ^^^ °^^ety and ninety-three ^ *^'' '^'^^ *^^ ^'^^^ '^^'^ hundred furthtrg::^^^^^^^^^^^ — ^ if I venture po present peri!d of'tiC Tut s:i:?rr! ."^^"^'*^ "^^^ *^^« tions of what is future no LlT^ I ^ '^ *' ^'^'^ "^^ «?««»»»- BtiU venture to ad^so^th f^:;"^^^^^ Therefore be pleased Z to fll ?o V"^" *^^^^^^^ «*'d- oonsideration^fthe^:;:;::;---:-;-^^^ ho THE RISE AND FALL OF TAPACY 5. proves at length favourabloTLlH '• '° "^'"'^ ''^' ^'"°^' if this be duly conn dcred it wi I ""'T' '^'' ^''"''''' ^''^ advances and now dLrlT ' '•"'^ K^eat and formidable very consisteutXh tl ' ! oof ^tLT " "" ''""'^'^ ^^^*^'' '^^^ the vials. For JCnl P ''' "P''"'''**^ '"^^--^^^^ ""'le'' seals, under nirofv'ol if" "'"\^^-'^^"'^"^ ^'-^ "-^ior tho •ervation anH T 1 ''"''''^ ^'^ ^"^''■«^«« *<> outward ob- servation, and to become more ranininf +l,or, 1 r " " ' yi>- ceding vials. The second virh^r f '"'' '^^ *'" *^« I^''^- attack upon tl^ Protestal t '',^'^''" ''''^' ^ ^'^""''^^blo from the'year 15^1 C; I- SH^t ^^f-"^" ^^'""^' vial seemed rather to be ZZ f ' ?''°^ "" ''^""'^ ^^^^^ the Papists. B.:t2r:z::tTz fo^ZTr-T^''''!' was in this case • so tlm^ th. • 1 **' "^ victory, so it wards to 1017. For it is wifh th« tm , • ' ^"'^ *'^^*''''- Christians, who ai: o;L:\Tre ytiff ^^^^^^^^^ ^"'': P^^'^^- bought even to extremities by temptattns tTT ' '""'''''''' victory at last Who ^vnu^7l f\ ' ^^ ^'^^'" '"^^'•3^ *he Churclwas lut to tTumph oTL 't Eo *'%*'" ''"^*'^° when the dreadful persecutZ nn I ^ , ""^ ^''^^^^ ^^°^P^r«' emperors was at iT^^^^^^ "^^^^ ^f f ^ collegiate night ushers in the dawning of Z Chn " 1 * ""'' '^^ *^« of God's providence over the same And f ' '^' '° ^'^^ "'"'^^ ^"^ to be observed in the peHoZA thought th.t .h- lo7s of E I 1 "^^- ^^" ^^"'^ ^^^« .. n.. loss of Buhcmia, and the Emperor Ferdinand's fl« A nracouRSE ooNcmm^n Il.ime,IW,«„„t|,i.,,„„^, '•.'.'''" ™".'' P'"'-'^^ (''"idc, what tt is imuro.l out sho.iM vnt i , "^ ''""' "i'"" ^^'i«-'» it on oti J; t,: : t\ L ;r; --^"-^^^ "^- ^'^^^ j-'«--t of So that, whasoevor iT lo ed ' tT' " T'1 ^""^ ^^ '"■•-«'^- house of Bourbon pri "a ' l\ " "'." " ^"^ ' "'PP"^ ^'^^ both to tonnont othli^a^ n K ^1 '""''' "'' "^- '^^ ^''^ ^'^^'i' i«. ./ M.I if the Ki : k"nt tW ''"T^l ''"-^^'^ ^" - ^-"g- pally, I fear he i. y^^^^f^''' '^'''''f''^ ^y this princt Nebuchadnezzar w^ o . W I trrti; 7 ''" '^"' ^^ ^'«^' ^ severe scourge to the Proto.tanr fM , """' ^"•' "' "" ^'^^thcr Bides this characte Isti! 1 r r vh T "■' everywhere. And. be- exaltationandourhu^HilZ ;;^^ rr rSt'^^'^^^^ cannot but think upon with d;oad ^^^^J::^^^^^^^^ ' that It ,s furtlier said, that while this sun of the Pn v. ' Z"" running his fatal and dreadful o.ZT i P"'' '^''''^^ i« fire, they are so far fron. , g^X bT h""- 1^' "^^ ""'^ hi : they go on more and more to lZ\ ^^""'^ ^'''^Sments/that I \ / has power over these plague InTlTu" """" ^^ «"^' ^^'o state of the Protestant^Sl 'ant^tS^itr"- *^ '^^'^^ ism. irreligion, profanenes. <.o,^nf • ^ " ' ^''""' ^ocinian- ness. and f bitte'r pr^ cu ^.s' ?""' ?''"'"^' ' '''^^^^^ ^»-'^^- U8, what can we expect b7no^ ,, '"' ^"^ ^"^^^^«« '^"^o'-g while we continue to walk th ''"\^'^^'^«^'^*">g Judgments ? for^ expect that he ^IkIi:',^ 1^!^^^^^^^^^^^ b- us to boast of our privileoe. or nl.„ i * '' '" '''^i" ^r on this account; for wheCtrerf f« ™P- ''" '^^"^ J"^g">««t« repentance, nati'onal Tin arf Hke nuird" "'""^^^^'^ '^"^^ «o much the sooner and n re t lit tbT ""? '^ "P^^ "«' »ingularly and peculiarly prTwieg d L "' '^'^ ^«^" - expect that God will sa/toTs afto th^T """v?"^ ^" *^'^ «'^« J' 10 us, as to the Israelites of old; "Yoy ko to iasuo in 'cm-hy of the ;re ? So that f Bourbon bo vrltl, a-Kl to iition of tliJH besides what H-ftoi-dinary, upon whi-h iudgment of i it himself, •suppose the tiie dovil is, in so doing, this princi- of God, as s a further And, be- his further ng that I ^eftrt, viz., h world is men with lents, that God, wJio to be tho Socinian- lofgod/l- se among nts ? for, nnot but vain for figments tion and ipon us, been so (lis case ; "You TJ.E UrSK AND I-AIX OF PAPACV 5^ -von.l, than an, other kind'm :^'2n r.T''"''.^: •':;';' "'^^^ thei-dbro, if we go on in slnnZA T\ ^ "' '"• ^'^ ^"^ I'eod to oursoui lest :::^Z:^uZTZ'7' \1 "' '^'^ niistakon in my fears ■ buf I n,n ,r • 7 .' ' ''' ^"''' ^ "'«y ^« those of hil time V. it •'•'"^ '" '"'■"''^■^" ^^•'•"* ^'^'^^ ^'vi'' to at tho house of Cj"od" (IvTw T'". "j"' •'"''^""""^ ""'•^* '^«S'" • elude, with him that if it 1 1' • !'' '^^■•'=-f'i""Kl' I do also c• >'« ««^«<1. -''ore our hoi, rel Jio.^ £^::l ^^ ^^^ j^ ^ ''« -"^U to suffer f.r fitting the keeping of our sou Ir " '"" ^^* ^«*'' *^«™- faithful Creator. And I w sh m ""' "* -ell-doing, as to a "lore than a mere gu tl^a^ f< "^,'"y"^""^ '" '''' ^^^^ ^ be enemies may prevail rl^L^ ''""' r*"^'^^" ^'^"''^ '^"^ «»™iBh bo lengthened'out sC tenedlrian ,"'" '"" ''" ^''^'^^ "^^ from the future carriagrof .1 rr^^''"''''"'"""^ J"^^^ of circumstances that m^^':^ ^^1 '''''''''' '^'^ ^'^ the.7atTcat"tX^^r:^^^^^^^^^^^ ^ -tten of the text and the aspee oft e iime^ ^ ''"T ^^" *'^^^^ wm the tide turn for'the Protttl Church T ^I' '" ^^f ^" they turn more universally to Uod nn,i T '^^''' '"'''^" inquire further, whether [h su^ of th^Po'-TT' ^"* ^^^^^^^ be eclipsed himself as len^thT I , ? ^•"^' ^'"S^*^™ ^^ "«* ^ else this vial were not I ZflJ ""'1 ^'^'^""''^ "^^«*^^' ^'^ ^i". But if yet again the . ^eSle^X: thiTirt' f n ''^"'^^' '''''' I must tell you that I h-ivp S^ T V ^'^ ^''" ^"^ '^"^ how ? «aid as to th'e time Li asto the' V' ""'' '' '''''' ' ^ave pur text does lay a folrat^^foVr"" '"" *''^ ^'^ *« ^^-'-^^ Therefore, inthe>«,rand C nl """''' '"''"^^ *^""ghts. the French mona^y, after il has "' 7 ^'^{^"^^^^-'PPo- that sume by doing so-U tire and flu °'^'"' "'" ^*-^^ ^^ -- tains it, wasting insensS ti t f '' '''' '"^' ^^^^ ^'^- theendofthisct? rf'^V sl r'"^^"^ ^* ^^^^ *«--^'' wards th« «nH .f .u7;:^_ .^^P'^"'^^ monarchy did before, t..- - — ^.t v.. s..^.enth age; and if we do now he^ily 58 A I)I8COLR9K CONOEKNmo If I I culion of it Ju, „T thl '^ T" ""'' '"'"''■"' '» "■• Pre- hear, of a™, ™ J,'i,° """T °' """""^ ""'' '™'""' •- "■» where a yoT.ri"! ?"",'''' """• """ "'» l*"""'' »f • nation without loILC"™;,;"'''^ '""'■"«''«■', I »«y if we do thi,, »ileep M this time Z,ZT\ ourwlve. to bo hilled vice on, way or other l,Zn,i T, """"' '° «''' «"' «<■ w.ightyn,„L J "n^owwl of J "f"'™'"'"'"" "f •>■«■> .. n.y dnty i. to pray for d irlTof „«'», """I"' "'"'™^' r!'fTirdi?,'°?^^^^^^^^^ mv thought. „f !• ""'""" • for yo will there see more fully for examnlP n« *!,« « • u "'^ ^ ""n«to onfls, such as names: >o .heTutarr ^itT:: tTarot'e '"'^,"* "'""' ^- '" oyiritre3'''"-f^"^^ si«^:nre-e?rhc^z^rSS^^ race came into England in a Jame. Jiu^ ^ ^''*" I « .u in a James, and baa gone out again in | inc«», with the ul in the prose- treasuro in tho ivels of a nation ^ if we do thifl, curity may yet '« to be lulled )ur not having to give my ad- ation of such Is. However, eurnstly wish secure proce- 1 tho wi". im- so much do- isult a book I or, The Pre- ee more fully ' given there, in 1692, and with my pro- re, upon tha >ni8 to mark ill as names ; iftrles y. (as of the same instances of »g : — Darius calls hitti^ an monarch Codomanua igdom after last of that 1 in Augus- ^onstaflitine rriie Scots I it a^in in j rm I.ISE AND Fiu. OP TAPAI^V. B<) time t,, unriddle f only t J 'r ^ T"' " '"" '° f"""" France, .^.d „ iZl ul!:.S " '° '" " ''"''''' '™"'8« ^ «o. Will L .He ' Jo'f ««%r; z°^^ ;'7:' """ ■■4'- -ally a» lhi« jr,dKm™rm 2,^' °' '" ?'" '"" """'"rit. .-, ig. 184«, which is iheZorfTh?, "."''T'' '" ""> ""'" "'-yo" p-photicai .^ool„t;he?t,,::t: w'^i r" "''^^»™- But y,t we «ro not to imale Zl, ^'t '^""' ""' ^°»' «»• pap-y (tho,„h it wiTroot';^;:::' r*?','/ ""rr ?■;' still m being ond alive when Iho noxtThlT '' 1 "" '"'' ""'' The m:>h vial (Rev. xvi !■ 1 1 • "'°""'' °°*- Mohan.™odan AitichH^ ' ^7,,^^^:;^ ::r;:Se";' """^ ".' »»e.ng tho sijtb tnimnet hrouirht thrr, I /'"''■>'• "'"' pirates, from their eroLn »Tk ■ . *" '""" ^^''^ ^u- Bixth vial dries up t r:fv: ' „v:i r^f '° """ "'»- «>" mean, and way to nrL ""'."'""'»*' ">»" power, ae the kiogdeme .oTinie^rh:: i: r:„d M„rrd''"- "-' •• king, of tl,e C. whil hi:" t'od'," ,"'™°.™-«»" »f «"> • turn- as I cannot admiof K "''*""'"« "f" l" «'"'« the Turks, weTarof le« i "' """""S "'" ""' " *» '»«""'? that were io^t on. ,;s.„ nd Z '"'""• '»« f-K' "r toads! Church of K„,„e. eaHe" , „«™t i rp'T "p *° ""'"^ """ ■' ""'' '^'« '"I'e Pr..l)iiel, in order 60 A DISCO UKSE CONCERN I.VO to insinuate upon the Eastern nations, upon their de«ertin<. Molnm medan,sni, to.fall in with their idolatrous and spurious Chd^tian tT rather than with the true Reformed doctrine ; and thes !«"!' gers sliall be .0 successful as to draw these ea tern kin. and he ' suUieets, and with them the greatest part of mankind,' ZL^rt with them ; so that by the assistance of these, their agents am missionaries they shall engage the whole worhl in som^ « tojom with them in rooting out the saints. And here in ana renthesis Christ gives a watch-word to his servants to be up' a" their guard in this hour of trial. (Rev. xvi. 15.) But when Z Pope has got himself at the head of this vast arm vlnTf Wght them to the place of .battle, called irgedZ-thatt the pface where there will be a most diabolica' cunninl a d dTt -T'-'r' "^°f"' ^'^-'^'^ followers-then immeS iatdy J%T-''' 1''' *'r'^""'' ^""S P'^"^^^ «"* «" the air (Rev to^lthi :r ^''""/^""'^^r' J'ghnting, hail, and storms; wi ch" together with a terrible earthquake, destroys all the Antichrisdan nations, and particularly Rome, or mystfcal Babylon And a" Ar^tu iu 1 1 , uone. Anil, therefore, with thU do4 the b es,od ™ille„„i„„, „f Chri,.', spiritual rei.; Zl o! wi..ch, and what ma, bo supposed to folW, we took'somo''LeUco Now, seeing these two rials are, as it were, one eontinued-tho 8rst running .nto the seeond, and the seeond eo,.p,et "' itl f.Z T"^ "^ "»»«»"»' "f »he lieasf, propara'tions Ir warrit: .ion o?trei::iror.L^';::r3^:n:r'i''"' "°■■"'"- obsc„„ that the arstof these ^i^^^^^^^^u'jZlT:^ t.mo between the year 1848 and the year 2000 , becausrsuelfl ."rihftn?. si°sre,''i"" "■"""' ^p™'^er:i:"de:t^^ «ineedsSXtra„~r:ror=:d"s seems be acco the otl should assign i and bu1 remark; we way where ii wine-pr perly bt had I til city (viz city in S geddon ( Decision slaughtei such a ci of the sei doubt, th seech yoc accouut ii triumph ( chapter x to the bat account ol "And Is that set ( clothed in Word of C him upon fierceness i of the eartl that sat on the False I of fire burn the sword c out of hie u ilcserting Moham- ious Christianity, 1(1 these messeu- n kings and their dnd, to take part their agents and in some manner ' nd here in a pa- ants to be upon I But when the army, and has ;eddon— that is, , cunning, and len immediately sir ruin and'de- )n the air (Rev. storms; -which, Antichristian ylon. And as this voice, " It uded with the one of God and "ore, with this eign begin ; of ik some notice ontinucd — the ;ing the first— lis for warring of the Avholo it the conclu- unly you may } most of the use such lonir ro in destroy- versal a war, blessecj Lord RlSH AND FALL OF THE PAPACr. ^1 brZo" r"."? '''^' '^'' '^'^^*''"^-*^^'^ «f '^" "•««« I"« enemies will beaccomphshed speedily, and in a little time in comparison of^" the other vial. Supposing,, then, that the Turkish monarehv «hould be totally destroyed between 1848 and IDOO, w mar,ustly assign seventy or eighty years longer to the end o theTixth If and but ^^enty or thirty at n.ost to the last. No.v, how !r at and remarkable this last destruction of the Papal An ichrlsf .WU fee we way guess by that representaUon of it in Rev "w 9 OQ where it is set forth under the emblem and character of the grfj wine-press of the wrath of God (which can refer to not^JZt had I tune) .\owth.s wine-press is said to be trodden without the c ty VIZ of Jerusalem, or the Church, seeing this is ea led tb! city in Scripture style, as Rome is called the gi^a tv n Irma geddon (Re.^ xv . 10.) which may bear allusbn to the' ^HeTo" Decisu,n. (Joel iii. 2, 12, 14.) However, the greatness of tbif « aughter appears in this, that the blood is repre'^ntd t Lt su h a current as to reach even to the horse-bridle, viz., of tie the servants of God, employed in this execution ; for, vithout doubt, this relates to what we have in Rev. xix. 14, whi^il be seech yoa to compare with this place ; for ye will find that. 1 wrhoftVh r-'-'r^'-' ei?;re;"xt:irdVfZ hapterxix 1^^ ?7'" ""'' '"'^^ "^*^^^ «-'• *his enemy, cnapter x,x. 1, &c. And among other things spoken of relating account of the General and his victorious army (Rev. xix. 11 &c )• And .aw heaven opened and behold a white horse; and he hat se on him was called Faithful and True; and he was trdo/G^'T/r' '"'^''^'' ^"^ 1- nan. is called ?h^ Word of God And the armies which were in heaven followed hm upon white horses; and he treadeth the wine-press of The fie ceness and wrath of God. And I saw the Beast an'i the kings hatsT .rV''""""^^''^''^^^^^ together to fight with hiS ^at sat on the horse, and against his army. And the Beast and tfe False Prophet were taken and both were cast alive into a lake 1 «wn7V"?-"*J ''"'^''''''- ^°' '"^^ remnant were slain wiS ou Tw ;^ *^'V'' "P°" '^' ^''''' "^i«^ «-°rd proceeded out of hiB mouth: and all the fowls were fill«d ^Uh *».:;. «„-u o ••-—- t»t\-»t li^cii. &2 A DISCOURSE COKGERNING flowed to the height o L or'^l;,," 'r'"": ""' ^'^*' *^^* '» of sixteen hundred fur on J 'ot, f a " ^'^^ '^^''^ «'' «^t«nt denoted here, in the "S;/ /^''^.^T'^^'^'^" ««««« to be «ow turned into the tld of w Id ^'^ '^^^ f '-"^«. -hich is •magine to be .o properly me n b' t • 7u ''''"'* P'"'"' ^"^^ ^'« of Rome in Italy/whihTaTMx Tn T^' *^*^"^t«'-> "f the See observation, sa/s from the oUv 'of if' ft' "^"'"* ^^^^ ^^is of the liiver Pof and the nnr L . 7' ^-^^-^^ost mouth of two hundred Italiarn" t' r ft;rlong«, the Italian niile Jon'i^t 1 of ^iff f'^^ ^'^^^^^ hundred Hebrew word Armageddon oT?f f '* ^"'^'"«'^' ^«^. th« -ed from n«.n, whlltjn J/^' ^^^^^^ ^^ i««% de- andadestructiotf or shiu^ht/ % * "malediction or anathema, darted against the saints by the Rom.n^ ^ ' "'" anathemas use of ag.in«, ,,em (all d^^^^Z:^^'''' r '" "^^^« be here al'uded to, in the oxniration of l .?? ^^'"e Papal), may temporaliaterest. So thlui!^iT f ' *^'' eeclesiastical and firm that other of Mr Me^e ^ territory and possession of illy belon '? V"" ^^'««''^' «^ '^ the place called ArmagedLn whe iTf T '^ *'^' ^^« '^f ^^^'^^ ''* christianism will be. *^^ ^"'^^ destruction of A^ti- Sil;^r;o:it'Tr^^^^^^^^^ ^-fled my promise to you, i„ tion, when the PapLy b tl? Id *f '"^^^ ^P-alyptical q^es end, but some conLeCbfeTmprotemrt ^rr^- l""'^'"' '* -" knowledge not only of times past but H I ' ""''^ '''^''' *« ^he are now under, together wihL^tetlw T'''''''' P«"«^ ^« - «ure, new and uncommon) aW fnf 1- ^ '""' "^ *^«°^' ^ «« I have given the worTd sueh ^ t-"^^^ % '^" which I hope the Book oC Kevelation T 1,5 I ""'''' "" *^^ chambers of sidered and used impartially, judiciousrVT!;-;^ *' '"^ (^^«°"- found to give some new light to us nn^' t'^^'^'^tly) will bo the mazes and turnings fnd d.rV "'"''"'"' •''^"^"^^ through «ot been so confined ! fJ^triT'"'' f ''''''■ """^^ ^^ 'l ^^-d a great many o^herd^::;:^---;^ I slaughter by the said of it, that it 3 space or extent Jon seems to be E" battle, which is lat place can wo •ritory of the See 10 first made this 'thermost mouth tended the space sixteen hundred >J'gs. Now, the ^y ^e jostlj de- )n or anathema, l^J t*mj, which the anathemas 3ir armies made ue Papal), may elesiastical and lame does com- Chiesa, or the 80 of Rome, is lotion of An ti- se to you, in ilyptical ques- ippose it will respect to the ar period we --« other selves of what I have said co^Uni'^God 7^^^^^^ *^ ^-^- upon the earth, so as ye yourselv- ^ ' ^ ^^ ""'^^ "*"" living God, seeing God hathZl 77^'''^'^' ^^'"Pl^^ of the Christian, saying.^. I tm ^^^^^^^^^^ ^'^'^ advantage to all true I will be their G^d, and th y ha , V '"^ ^""^'^ ^^ ''^'^' and And when ye ha^ thus appi^d/o?'^^^^^^^^ (C^or. vi. 16.) following Discourses. I hope ve tin /'^T'^"'' ^^'^ ^''^ ^^ the sider what I have said as L thp . '''^'^ '' ^''' *'»« to con- application, as to thlt part of tr/eT'l-T'' -P-a"7 the relate to you andallChrldans- as 1^^ ""^ '''' ^'"mediately ye may learn to join in with ChlV ^ '"''''''''' ' *^^* th'« way greater seriousess. an7 n ''rr IoIT"^ '"^'^ '"*"^« ^^^ ^ any of us have yet attained to do And "tn T V''^" ^'^^^^^ this way also by the perusalof the secondDit ^ T ^"^^^'"^^^ you to read the last concluding one ^.1 Discourse, let me desire order to see the connection anldesL:^^^^^ "^^*'^*^«°' « |t be short, yet it contains mul n ?itl T '^'' ^'' '^''^Sh mtroduce your minds to sornTr^ZtndZ^ T^ '^ ''^ "«^ *^ sion of our holy relicion n^ ii I ? • . ^'"^ ^"'*''^«t appreh>.^ observation is: That it may justly be looked upon as an eminent confarmation of the truth of Christianitv, that so won. «o tnlT TT ''"'' '' «""" '^ ^^^ transactions of the world so long before they came to pass. The verity of o^r holy religion is prove trom two things prin- cipally, VIZ., mirac es and prophecy ; and both these argunLts ha.^ been excellently improved by learned men. But yet as the CI ?b": rr'^^^^ "^^ p""^'^^'^^ ^"^^ --^ convin' g tpt to those that lived m our Saviour's days, so I look upon theleeond to be the most considerable to those that live in after-a^es Nav we find that Christ himself did not lay the foundation ofL bd ef of h^s mission on miracles alone, but seemed to build the faith of his disciples chiefly on the Old Testament prophecies ; as he did to his two disciples going to Emmaus. (Luke xxiv. 27, &c ) And I supposo It IS too plain to need any proof, that the Ipostles did either upon Christ's miracles or their own, in order thence to do. S^nf.K VI' "[ ^''^^^y ^^''- ^^^' 10) ; that is (as I under- ITI T: ! ' *^' 'P'"' '' P™Ph«"^ ^« the g.eat standi ig evidence and testimony of the divinity of Christ, and of the verity of his word, therefore (as the angel argues with John) he on " s to worshipped .d.o is truly God, and who inspire, his servant wi.h the gift of knowing things to come. ^\ It hM, therefore, been the work of learned meacf aila^lo prove that Christ was the true Messiah, and conBerJ||j?^t liavo no other ore and moro .s it is Jesus. •e, by way of especially as Jlating to the tions of the 3 to say here af some use, ile we live in fGod. ked upon as that so won, of the world liings prin- arguments b yet, as the ncing topic the second iges. Nay, )f the belief the faith of ; as he did &c.) And postles did more than ence to de- stimony of is I under- t standing the verity he only is s servants THE KI81C AND .VALL 01,' PAPACY. 65 institution of religion was trul v .?;,;,,« i . . tho Old Testamentp^j L:' : ;n^^^ much mistaken if an iLnrZ ^ .1''^^^^"^ '" J^'"^- But I am charaolorizoTOrCTnl latter m™. ""' """ "» "'wost as plainly f»rmor. A,ul of M i 1 Xt "^ ° T '""' ^'"^"""'"^ ^'-^ *''» let it Iw con,idcml that ,,0.™ tl' ? ,', "'" '"" '"' »"'"""'. we MO not the entiie f„IBMm„ f ., . "^ ^''"stianity, whereas fore we n„„t n::^:^:^^^^^"''' °"°'- '"'"'^ one and the othoi- of theT. V . , ' ''•'^"^'■"f'^tion of the peat battle of T„„n " ,!, fj'"' ""'■" """ »'"'" "ve after the «.i. p.o,hec, inZt:;™: :':;^:r/:,r ™- M«"<" f vantage they «„„ „],„ i,,„ f„,|i||i„„ „r D , . '■ °."'°"' "''" to the eo„,i„. of the Me«iah a fl 1 w °'h "" '"?!*=' in theda,, of the r;::;"!!: ^;i'it • ;rwe:;.:::f\:t t* great reason to tlnnk (j!, / '' '" /^'''"^"'•«' ^ ^'^J ^^« have :i:^dnfH~^-f---^ pretersofthiMZl ''' ^ ''"'." '^'»«"S t'»e most eminent inter- foundat,„„ of the inlerp,-„,ation thereof, whiell 1 1 bim ,? roved in hi, hook intit„x,^-.:i::^::z:^"'fr^y eiple., of the P.,,te.ta„t Applieatior;.; 1 a ^ : l^'l,' ""; there are tjvo thing, almo,t er|„nllv »!,-:,„>e to ,™ Th;,\, , *onMown the verity of the'oM Te,,..! f l' p Lnhri::,' Daniol's rropheey, and not see thjf, (he \Ici.i,h i. „„ f^ H. Paps, .houid believe the divi^ity^rt'C'^r:;::^ ^ i. «(5 A m8COL'l{'5K CONCEBNINa 1 an^pardcuJ^ayoffheRovelaiior, andnotseo that thoir Church It 1 ; ' ?• "' '''"^° ^ '^•''""'^ *^^« ^"^"1 «^»Pi^lity of both these p.. .es I cannot but admire also the wisdom of God in ^^!"S: ?"^*'"^ ^" ''' ^'^^''^^^^ toconfirnuo^t^: / oZ^Ll\ ^^'f ;.""*>-' "^ prophesying both of the one and of the SLlhtthteT "-'' '' ''' ""'' -' "^^^ ^— • «- alstX^h'TT^'"' '^''^* "^'^ ''' '' Sr.at use to us this ..nj For here we see the various and seemingly confu.ul eye^^^s of ^W^X; ' '""':^ ''''"r*^' and jarring soun.. o^ thing. cS^nd Im ' ' ": ^'e]:.dncs., angels and dovi^ the ^nmch and An.i.ni.-. uot va-mus and contrary parts- and vot #_ Ami now, an !,, „,:,„ „,p„,„ ,„ ;„ j^j tte porfo„,„„ „nhe Holy Scnpt„res-,|,at wl,„t is wantod , hU- of tf/ c ° I; '°f • '?°T' '""'°" "'■ "• '" "■' "«""■"' - ■■''«««» of.hi.S .n wr?"; ^™''''' P'oPh^y" no !=» a ,pecio, fU » ;r? ■ '"'■'' ""■ """'« '» "'«' commonly apnropiiated For as (hat „ a rolation of things past, prophecy is an aTco „t „f . h,„gs to oomc Now, a, Daniel „,akos n/tho hiata " dale of .0 h. tory the Old Teslanient, ,o the Bevolation of John s„^ p.atiftd::irit:™c^^^^^^^^ essay Jowa.ds .„„,„.„ing „f this kind thaU ro„!rha;i* bet given hy a near and dear ft-ie„d of „,!,„... iw thon -S W been n,a„y eeelesiastical as well a, eivi. histories wn'lOnto :m tliolr Church pidity of both n of Ood in 5rm to ufi iiic le and of tiie day as . i.orn! anient. Bui as this v,-ny it oxact map, •ist's govern^ 't'd eveius of vmifntm aad 'h C'.' things ' one perfect devils, the rts; and yet es R.V. on for ko no! ice of intodi', his- listory ulso. b or relation S8 a species ipropriated. I account of or defect of John sup- I first to hia s the exact I : the only aving been there have 1, yet none riptmo Truth Ihii.1i, iiiitlri.' THE BISK AND HitA. OF PAPiCT. , " l;;»t. -. what romai,,, ,„e ,„ „„ tj^^^^^"" »^ ">" P-Pl-y your thou-hls and miv.tS- . '"" ' '™'"' ^ rosulntc and (ix -hall ^int;.l "l™t ' "l:; '°'"?°," '? *'» ""^'J""' ' ""'y I -.... o. to *f':;fo:;''rr:- ^:;l:^?::;rf?-«;° and, therefore I shall no!. ? ^ ? *'" '^'''^ P'''^"°''^l f»i"ng« 5' nor affront tL 1 t " f "^"T'^/'P"^ ^^^ ^'-^ ^ part, and prophi^^ 1' ZZT T' *'"* "' '' *'^" '"^^ ^^' others, I I i^. Jth?ul'ora"d"l ^" V""""' '*'''-^^^'"" ^-- jourselves to be impo "d l^bv " •"• '" ""^ "^* ^"^'^^ end of things is so near n «T , {, "" '''''" '"'^^ination, that the tended to fo'res e For fromX' I ^"!' '^"^ '' ^^*«' ^'^^ P- e-ily see, that there a^nrny^dr '"" ^'^'^^ ^-«"' ^« ^^^ the final fall of AntichrLZ f °'''''^' *^ ^'^" «»* '^e^oro tion of all things And "' '^^ "^'^^^ ^'^^^^'^ *^« consunnna- inen has represented to them ho fi .^T^ V"!^^''"''^*'^" ^^ «on^e Judgment so near that t it e musf '^"'''^''''' ''^"^^ ^^^ '^'-^y «f -olaucholy and foar of oU , ha so Sf" "*'""• *""^«' ^ «- they have fancied the Kreat^ slan H T'l'^^^'* "^'^^ *''^™' that --e. And of both thSe L rJt 1v " T*"""^ ^'^ ^^^ *« found to bo generally true T aMl " «^««rvation will be an-n.aginationhav^h:a.~(;Srrrr:£^^ 88 A rascoiTian mmiinrntto evonte (o tlioir own tin,,. „„i . ' ''■"°"''" '"'"'oil R«at .laughter of tho !i^ t 1 ■« ." ■"""'"' """ "'° ""™™' arc near «„„,„ vo^y*^" „,':,',: Z. '""""" '^ '''"" """' -" limited great iry few years. the universal at the same > fear that wo continuance. shall add no illonniura, or ill desire you it that is to only I shall rtcr the total ! year 2000 ; ni)ur of do- txhlo appnar- magine that :)ro than his n and Titus great and igs. (Acts s millenary lent, seeing in the 20th 10 thousand I men shall ar against ies the day ', We are all bo free >m sin and 'Hows that lat feigned >portunity liat period upted the TlIUKISli ANDrALLOFl'AI'ACY 69 more readily „„,, „, J not ,1' , "'"'"'''• ''"' ' "" «» which .evoral y.a™ al J J"™" "'", ''""'fP"™' "'""S""' An,i *i " cntcrtainod upon th s head for, as I took no " ^? fl T "^Z;'^"'^' conversion to Christianity; interpretation^' Kc^t^: 1^::^^^!^! 'l^'^ ?« ^^^^^ tl.o Jews were to be under.sto;V L t .t ! "' f *'' '^'^*" eonvorsion was to bo uruhn- the six vi I ,""^)."«"":^' *'-- f"" thoughts upon thi.!K.d,br"t^^,,^ converted, .and th-if fl.lo . 7 •"'"'^'"^'1 Hiat the Jews wore to bo in the He on , aTtr^N";'' "' '" "''"^'^ '«^* -' Whatever parti:;,l/:l;;:^: -': -" -- - fo happen) until the final destruction of Z • u """''* idolatry, viUanies, lies n.K it nl and 1 ',' .'"*^' "''^^^ chief thing thatproiud;,.o, I •' } '"'^ ^^^P^''' i« the did at length tne 1 L;r "''■""^* ^''--tianity. So that I ancipnt J^ish^S ".STt^: '' '''''•' '' *'« martyrs (Rev. xx 4) • who .'^''7 '"'^ ^^ ^h« resurrection of the to ho the ™„. j:tv:;i it i :i„r ^::et!:r =";? hope none will reject ll,o woril tlmu^h ,.„ Phnslocrocy (I the .0 .7«'uif '" "" ^^' Mil'onninm, „„,.! r,-„ the i Itl' rf i;„mnn.s ■•'"•1 in (I.o Appendix to 70 A DISOOIfUSE COXOKUXINO world), HO I do cxpe ?tM^^" p"7r """^'"^ *" ">•»-' *« ^ho authority, a,ul our bio. . . V,; ::;'; ^^l^^ --^/- I-wer and people, not indeed . sn,.h ' ^^'^ r-^'n'" 'ts tho kin- of Iuh old (for Jol„, 1" , , , 1' •: C'^::'' -'^y -^ an,on, the Jow-« of ^..t\n a .,.;- ::;>;P'-^N..Jo..a^^^ more immodiatelv nrcnnrnflv. / ^* , """^'^ d'^l' 'usation, and Daniel. For iJ.C ' „v T-"%'™ "P"" 'I'" l.'»t number, of plain ,„ any 11,^^ ,^ ?lliv ''","' """ "'""' l'«'''«'' "" » (Dan. viii 9-14 o p i fif .o^ """T' "'° "■""'» "■«">»<''ve» Spirit of c,„.i, ,;; r« !, '! ,'!''""?' " "' '■'"■■^'" -'-^''j. » "■<> or a period o/ ^:::^z:t^TT 7 f '''"'■''-■■ plainly assure u» ..iml « are nluo 1 '. , ''"' ''"■">' ''''«» "ally ibr year,, „, „„ „" a ow„V° ".t «,'' °'° f^^' "'■°'"'"''- other numl„r,. To .•»,„,,!,!„,. ° '1° "'o seventy weeks, and Daniel: There ^.e^odlcn l'"' °.""' '"" """"'«■•' "f bo (though all other™ Cts ran" /''"■■ »''"»'*«««« hi» 12th ehupler. The Z!°,I.. f '" "' ■ ^ "^ '"' """"^ =" years and aLtlf (Dan ''ju ''""''; "™'' ->"/' ''»"■ ■-ft™ prephetioa, daysl years,' al'i; I'l ™ I^ r'lf """ "'"/'^ him, verso 11. This tlmv,.f ,.. • ^, ""'^^°" "^is it • plained to John borrows frc^TV » f . :';". """ "''""' ■" '""« *"' Kome Papal, exceplio. t, " hi, • ""'; "" '" "" '"""ion of O' years ;' orlly thr tS Ud*; "d '^^ ' T" °' '''"*' <"'^- fron, that of John ; for a, (i I, I , l"'"' " >"»"■>' •"i""'-""' but as t,. the form r, iZCl e Ta't' tZ ° '"" " ^ '■«"*• poople, or the Jewish nation man !' -f "■l""""' "' "'« ''olv of .l.e daily .,„rifiee, andXe ««;:'„' Vti' "' IT '"">' ""'^ ''I'tn-o up ot tli.. abonuuation that iir and immo- J pro\(« to tho •lis CJirJHtlan eniios in tho lis power and t! kin^r of luH < tho .lows of ilov. jcsi. 22), ■nsation, and tho state of "It, i can not numbers of are already ' Itodocmor ; H) plainly to profanation Hivunl, as is thoin.sclves -2('0, so tho rlit/temeron, liiys), docs s prophoti- ^vooks, and lumhors of ke thorn to '0 found in If. or three lud ninety plained to time that uration of iii'ty days r different ; •' i-ead3% tho hoi V iug away It ion that •niE KISB AND FALL OF -PAPA. Y. 71 ttiaketh desolate. (Dmi vi! IM v ,., o • that n.akoth dosolato nr„l , , ''^-^{'''""'"^'"""''omination «-otua,,,toir:s.:i;t:\r-Mr''''^^ "-'* ••"'" *'- Roman army aswr^lnhv "J"lHtrous un.l do.olating xxi -0 21 Tl , ^ co'npHring Alatt. xxiv. la, with Luko A.X.I. ^u, Zl. 1 he epoch, therefore of fl>n +:. .• ^ ' *""' ^"ko •» '""'i«l, or hia t,velve hunrW . ""' *""'•'' ^"'^ *» half year70fromthe rU ofo" ; .""^ "/"'*•' >"'"•'-'«* '- ^he if wo Hhouldeonsir the 7" • ""'V''''" ''"•""''^"" "^^ ^''"-n. nation that maL> 1 1 H^ ^e^'^l^ ^'.^"^' 7^^-^^ "Pof th. abomi! i« not the bednnil of r. "'"^ *''' ""''' "^' ^^'^ >'"«>W scattering c t" Zt I ion .rtT'"'''' "' '" ■'"^'^' ^^"^ ^'^ ^"-PJ^te tlie poM-oLf t rhoh ?; 1 T''''^''^'''"S »'"' scattering of 11). which . fs ot done t rjr 7 ' ''"* ""'"''' "^"'^'^'"*^' — e the Jew., and hni t a c tv ne u^t" • """/ "'"' '^'^'^ ^""'^--' called .Elia ; bnild nf. af h o « r "' '^ "'''"'""' ^^'"^'^ ^^ the ground 'where tt nn^e Z^^^' " T''' ^^' ''"f"'^^^' ^ gate of this now city tl " « of st" ' !^'"V".-'*'^"""« ^'-^'- *he -now this work Ava fi fZ i l"' "' '^''''*"'' ''^"^ whence the peSd of h 1 m or about tho year 1.35; from down to . n. l^ilttZT^-l '']' "•"'^^-^ ^■^"'■'^ '-^« "« about wh..a time rhe P.r/ ^ ''^ '''''•^"'""' '^ thcycarl407, for after th: t th TI^lirAT;-"*" ''' ^'^ "*""^^ ^'^'^^^^^ ^ ->a;,.erto; oxti,tltedt ' ' ^r"^"'^*^' ""*" "^-^ were then there ' lows tl ./ "T'' ^^'^^"* '^'^' *-^«' and thirty-five day^^ 'Z. ^'^^f^ ^-Jcen hundred and fn.u the yeatl407^ermi.!^: "' 2^- '^ l^en^^leulated photical reckon --.ff. which fl.«. , ".'^-' *^''^* J". 2/22 of pro- -^f the Pap .y unde'r h o'n vl!^""' ^:; ,"'''^'' '''' ^"^'"^^ '^^^-f^^" nmm, and con«»e(aiontlv fj.n ^ fe'^-^* ' Part ot the uiillen- and Gctilo Chri.tin,., (thW 'l * ''„T '«'"?<""""" 'i 11 n A ItrsCOUKSK CONf.'KRNINO nnoi nor. Iho |,rst „„,„! ho, a c..iiunii.«i,„i |„ „ren,.|, .I,,, ri" „„, n;'^, '" "" "f.'""^ < "-■ -- «. '). - 1. mu,r ore „t T„ :: lit::,:;,; ';r ti''^ "■; '"- 'r "■" ^■'"'"- ■'•'"■""•" M ii,.«, (1,,,,. xiv, 8), „,„1 prn,l,ii,„s t 10 Aill of [iil.v'on a,. v.al fco,„» ponroj ,„„ „|,„„ „,„ „,„( ,f , ]i„„„l '"',,." ,' wo jave, i„ ., «L „c-„'t N, o'::;,:;^^ a riT^r the deln^ran™ of tho Ohuroh, and of Iho do„„,c,i„„ „f ," „ Mo'dv pomcutm,; A„ticl,n„,ian party. TLc-ofovo wo l,a"» 1. Tho ami .l,on 2rf, we „avo .I,o rop„»o,„a.i,rf 'f ,l.o fla do« i, ."„ . J,'5S;:'^: -'0-1.0 o„„*,„ of a vi„,aso, wherein ZZJ el„»to„ of the several r„p,,,h fraternKio, and oommnnttios are' to i>crae3 l,-^( j h.ifc I l.avc spoken nlrou.ly to thi.s croat period of .mo ahovo, which i.ssucs i„ tho hlo..sccl ..iUcnniun'and S e fove I shall say no more to it at thi.s time « uiereioie Only there is one thin;, that falls in my ^vay here which on^ht not to be passed over in .silonoc; and tluft i Jo wharperiod a ' --0 to refer the happy state of the New Jerusalem (Rev';"i)! and I TllW WISK AND FALL OF I'Al'ACT. •ol numbcrg, I yoii HoiHo fiir- 1 Ith di.'iptor this timn : In ist's followera itiohrisf, from ch down from vliich vrt' have 3ntcd, w tho ufcecdingono ■h th(* CJospol ^reforo, l)o;jrin )(•« include, I '11 It' fiocfind r n.-iliylon, or i\'ith tlm fifth • Tho third ih tho IJoiist. liill Ii(> found i to tho last iritsK'i forth to iiiako wnr those things il account «-tcrs at a mi.hty !..« tin. way. wlu.h , V'^to t! tf.clT lonniui,,, or hoavou itHcIf after U.o d-iv of i„,l / ! ^'* indeed, there are .omo tJn' ,.« th Z'f-^ " '"*'"' ""^ nf the.o HtatoM. For wl fsa I rT "'f^"^'^*^^''^ ^vith either now . .to. an.l wal^;, h : llfu tT";'^^'''^'^ '"^" ^'''' *>nrth, that th-v .^Imll brin I n I '* *''" '''"K'^ "^ti'« CMiurch (Uev^ xxi 'M-o , :' '?' «''"">' '"''' '''-«»'• to tho scriptu.i«ive::^:;th:ttr:;rj:;rr;:;:er7i''"''^^ after the ro.surreetion bnf <1 . '" -^'"» "i-d in the higher heaven th. nati.,„,, ,vl,a ►hull all ,-, n h 1 ,„ ' , °"'"''""'"'""'» lonions. are U. be interpreted both in a first and so ond or ulT mate sense ; so I do believe we must of noQessity und rstand tt account of tho new heavens and new earth andof H, I . Jerusalem in this book; and if this I r;;";:?^;:^^!! SniiT^ to .uljust the scomingl, different figure's'u d' Mho PI ly Spirit in rhis place, seeing the whole is so contrived tha it mlv giory, VIZ., to the first as an emblem and tvpe of the latter «!« ft,., a, .he de..,.„c.i„„ „f .h„ ,„„;,, aatioi Ld C WhT/givS ttii! j 74 A D1SCOCE85 CONCEENING m such words (Matt, xxiv.) as to becomo this way an cmWcm df the ficftl destruction of the world, bo likewise is the millennium so painted and described (Rev. xxi.) as to be designedly given as a 131)0 of the state of the Church triumphant in heaven, after the day of judgment is over. A fourth observation from what I said before is this: That our Keformers did not raphly, but upon just grounds, desert the Church of Rome, as Antichristian and apostatical. For, not to insist upon prophetical indications of the Roman Church being indeed the great Antichrist, there are four things that lay a just foundation for all honest men's leaving that inte- rest, viz., Isf, Gross errors, such a purgatory, human merits, and works of supererogation, indulgences, transubstantiation, &c. ; 2d, Horrid idolatry, in worshiping angels, saints, and canonized per- sons, together with images, statues, crucifixes, and a consecrated wafer; 3c?, The pretended infalibility of the Roman See, in impos- ing upon men's , consciences what they please, and deljarring ua from reading the Scriptures ourselves, or making use of our own reason in matters of religion ; and, 4ih, The dreadful tyranny of that party, seen and felt both in their inhuman cruelties, persecu- tions, massacres, and diabolical barbarities used against all those that differ from them. For the proof of all which things let Chamierus bo consulted, together with Ueydegertis de Babylone Magna, Terretinus de Kecessaria Secessitone ab Ecdesia Romana ; and, besides innumerable oUiers, Stillingfleet's late pieces against the Romanists ; for my time allows me not now to enlarge upon any of these heads. Only, that I may not leave you without some specimen of Popery, I shall copy out in English the twelve articles of the Romish faith, additional to the twelve Christian ones, which are contained in the Apostles' Creed, as to the sum and substance of them. These twelve additional articles are contained in the famous bull of Pope Pius IV., dated at Rome in the year 15G4, in the ides of November, and the 5th year of his pontificate, which is to be found at the end of the printed canons and decrees of the Council of Trent; whore, after iin cnumeratlun of the primitive articles, beginning with " Credo in nnum Denum," &c.—" I believe in one God," Sec— ho proceeds to charge all r.cn that would bo saved to THE RISB AND TALL OF PAPACY. T5 aven, after the own ana swear unto the following articlcs-alsoanathcmatizin. all that do no .0. These being thus: Aj.oMicus ct cedes J^ iradUiones," &o., which take in English thu« — ^'^'^''-"'''^«* 1. I do also (that is, together with the articles of the Anostles' Creed^nost firmly adu.it and embrace the apo.tolied and ec ! . astieal traditions, and all other observations and const tut on of the same (that is, the Jloniish) Church "^^^^^tutions ot mouther n"^"f*w? ^'T'^ ^'"P^"^"^'^ ^" *h« ^''-° ««"«« th'^tholy mother Church doth, whose business it is to judge of the true sense and interpretation of them, which I will receive aid n terp.e accordmg to the unanimous consent of the fathers ^ 3. I do profess and believe that there are seven sacraments of tLT. r f"^^i -^^--Porly so called, instituted byJosus notalortL ;' """"^*^"'°^^'™^'^'^«^--k" eu ha i t 1 "1"? P^--- :^J-- are baptism, eonfi;mation, euehanst, penance, extreme unction, orders, and marria-e • which JStration of the above said sacraments justification. ^ "^ ^''"* concerning original sin and 5. I do profess tliat in the mass there is ofi-ered to God a true proper, and propitiatory sacrifice for the quick and the dead and real v'' / 'T ''''' ---"-' of the Lharist there trut really, and substantially the body and blood, together wthth; soul and divinity, of our Lord Jesus Christ and thn/fi Dody, and of the whole substance of the wine into ih. 1 1 a 7. I do firmly believe that there is a pur-atorv nn desired me to n New-year'e- 3ntod in yield- )ppo?tuTiity to niiing negloct, bject. i the story of i saw his vast ith whom he is reported to years should little imagin- see the des- reath himself ; to think that ke a figure in gathered into 1 their stead. 3nd of a cen- supposo I see laces of wop- TllE KISE AND FALL OF PAPACY. 7» ship, or fill remoter islands and continents, gradually droppinsc into an eternity, some this year, some tho next, and so on. But to proceed to the consideration of tho subject in hand • I suppose I need not tell you what we are to understand by the improvement of time, seeing this is too plain to need anycx plica- tion m a general sense. And neither can it bo dark to Christians m a spiritual sense ; for it can denote nothing else but such a rational and religious regulation of our time, and disposal of our talents and opportunities, especially as we live under tlie advan- tages and means of the Gospel, that we may ever be occupied in doing and getting good, so as to find favour in the siglit of God and attain afterwards to the happy enjoyment of )iim. For seeing as the apostle says, now is our accepted i.aie and day of salvation (2 Cor. vi. 1, 2), we ought to take heed to ourselves, that wo receive not the grace of God in vain. We ought to reckon, there- fore, that this space of our life is given us, that we may be taken up in promoting the honor of God, and oui- own ar.d other men's good, as being, in all these respects, in a state ol trial. Let us therefore improve our time, by labouring to gain our own a,«sent and consent fully to the terms of the Gospel, by studying the word of God more and more, by close and impartial trial of"ourselves by frequent and fervent prayer, and by an universal an.l constant obedience to all God's laws and institutions. And lot us ai .r,,© ourselves into this as our duty, by considering how dearly our Lord Jesus has purchased our day of grace and opportunity of salvatian ; how many have been damned and lost for ever by their not improving this talent of time ; how dreadful the condom- nation of such will be, who choose darkness rather than li-Iit • how unreasonable it is to be so careful of tho body and so ro.ijird- less of the soul ; how strange it is, that we should not do tliat fur our eternal advantage which worldlings do for a little temporal gain ; and lastly, how r.ncertain we are of the continuance of our time and season of grace. And seeing, in order to improve time aright, we o-ieht to lay hold of all tho special seasons and peculiar opportunities which God puts into our h.ands lor thl.^ end, tliese will deserve to bo par- ticularly considered by u.. IJ„t -in^. h jg u.e work of in-udonoe that every man know and obf ')>c ' ;- r, ' vijt.i:niouuir; JBU 19 A r>iaC0UB8B CONCL'RNIxNO Jj / i\' providential occurrences, in onler fo » .; i . • according!,, all that I can do re s totllT''^''^'^ ^'^^«"' way. Therefore, Firsf lot ,L^ l ""'"" S^^"^'""'" «"« i-provementofthecireJl;^^ Are ye m a state of prosperity ^ thonT h V "' "" ''"^■^^• benefactor. Arc ye hon .„ Jh v '^'^"^ ^^ •>''''"• ^''aciou.s • honoured thr^zgh you Ar 1 ""'""'^ '''''' ^"'"^^ ^^^ '-^y b^ '«cn. Are ye rich ? rememi.er X S " " "^ ^''^ '^™«"S j^ good with an inh ritanc-e l^,': vW „:" "f'. ^^"* ^'-'«- Sod with what he give, vou int iV l^-' ""Z' '^''''^'''' ««"•« ' A but remen.ber^hatCprof; H /:, ::ir'^'^^^--^'^^-' ^^P-^ ^ tages fordoing good, advers ty aZl'Z " '^■"^'"' "'™"- getting good. For in the day of .u^v.t. ''"' ""''^"^ *^«'- thixjk and consider than in Z r 7^ '™ ^'' "»"''« ^^^^'j to ^f then is the ZeZ:^::^::^^!' - «^'-- 4. ^mty of the world, to know cj o^ttoJ ..Id ('V ""^«^- to prepare more readilx and „, J f , ^'''^ '"«^«' '^"d (Eccles. vii. 14.) >Sfeolt^\Z L^'"""^''-^ ^•^'' «"«*J^'^r world. toco^panyorrLt:::: '?;TeCX^^^^^ to gain that by them which mav in '''"P""^' ^«^«»'- W of time If vHnr ; ^ ^ *""'" "''^■''"^■« ^"'^ko v-u your .ible, torthem^o .fin-lC tliu'r' ^'^^" ^^"^■^' ^^P- vantage ; and then ye can haye no S ^'^ *"'^' '« *^^- '^d- lost ButifyeenJo;thooXn;of:^Jd^^ ^'""^ ^'■'^- to be belieyed what profit and'adLt.;,; y 'TJT '' '' "^* discourses to edification, where men nrf. *^ • ^ * ^^ '°"*"«^ " hear with different app;het:^:;:; uir'^^f^'^' '^"^ -" into heats and quarrel ings 13u if ,' ,^'' '''''^""* ^""^^ng we may .lustily' look uptn ^: l::: ^^ 'r ^'"'^' opportunity of adyantage and profit i we d tt" " '. '"^^'^^ improye the same, by fiHin. u ' ,^,j ' ''^ '^'^ .^"* ^"ow how to tion and prayer. iLcl m2vn ' ""'''' ^'^'"'y- ^"^'"ta- graceand%aLtion;;o\h?r^^^^^^^ done for us is to red em irCm ",1 in" ""' ^'"^ ^"^^'^^ '^"^l himself a people .oalo;;;rg:d V't ''(Trt' ■■ [if ^ "^ ^« fore let us so hear tho Word preachoT.;!^ (T" d. n 14.) There- of the Church, and so v^ii^:':!^^::^-^;;:^^;;^ BKE AND FALL OF THE PAPACY. fil ticularly that of tho Lord's Riinnn.. +i . pool of oidioh .rfrL:, v"r """■' ^''^ "'''^^^^ ^^t'- favourable oppo.t„„i[v/:::;;:^7;.";^ --'' "^ ^ir ,alo and the iron wi.en hot .n.l mXal o f i'^^'^ ''"'""' '"'^ «*"'^« quench the IJoly 8p r t a ndt ^^^ ' ^•"'^""^ '""'^* ^* ^« *« influences theri; e necit " «o"v,etions. motion., and Bu^. seeing tb;raritf" " "" ^^''^"^^•^^'^ ^"^ 1^"^-^ 1^ twngsuceostfui.^:ro t ri?Trr^ ^" ^'^"•^- -y- time as earl. a« ^; can ^vi hn . ""^ ^ * **^' ^™P^'"^'"'S «f O"^ an.atterofLri::t\ t::7 tf,"^ P-a..ation i„ time that we can reckon on,r r '' """^^ ^"'' Tresenfc coverable. so our i^^^Zlo IZ " T ^"^"''^^^ ^'"^ -- Therefore we are always cXltheaVr;^^" "' uncertainties, will do it at all, And thP^lfn . "^ ' '"''^ ^ ^^y* if ^e to keep God's r ghfel^rdtoT " "''* '^'^^' ^"* '"'^^^ h^^^^. 13, 15 2 Cor ^^Ij 'r^%^° J ^«\^ «7^«and8. (Ileb. iv. 7, iii, 7 Matt. ;25:T^;eif;oo r^ "" ""^ ^^- ^^- «^ «^«b -". 21; then, let mo put you in nld f^f "^'^"^ "^*""«- ^"^ here, is, the monung of ^ouH e IJ^ T"""^'^ '''''^'- ^^^^ ^-^ -d strength, 'su'h of 'u.^:::^*^; *;™««^^-7-^. health, part, pray double your dilio- leTn i"'"'' ^° ^^"'^ «r i° mains of your time. Bu ^eh .Vv ^P'''^^'^'^^"* «f ^hat re- remember you. Creator n'Xfofr "' 'T^' '^ ""'"^'^'^ '^ mayafterwards look back u I J^. ':rd'^ and pleasure. (Eccles. xii 1.)^ IJZ ^^ ^^•'^t.sfaction day IS a time to be peculiarly inmroTed for r T^'T^ '^ ''''^ good;forthcdoiugsohas'imihfv T ^^ *""* y^"*" o^^n -pending of the rest of he Z V^"^"" "^^^^ "« ^ ^« "'« -ght «m.ca m,m^ (a friend to studvV „ . , f "'''*''' ^^''^^ '' "«* o^lj favourable also . Jl^' 5^ ^^^^ '"' '''^ '"^'"^ ^«' ^ut that il '" ^^" ^"-«^«» [tv prayer and devotion;) fo. 83 A DISCOURSE CONCERNINCJ llr i I Wh.lo our nunds aro fre«h anil undisturbed with tho hurries of fiz tL J'^ r t ' ^™J^'"°^'«*'^«'"«™^"g«f every week carefully expeet God s l^ossmg through the week more or less ; but if we refuse to g.vo God what is his due on his own day, wo must nol a^aH :1T'V''^^^'^''''^^" ^'-^"^ "« «" *^-° days that h has allowed us to serve ourselves upon. And henee it is no won- Uil fnl fn .M '' • .* *''" P'-«f'^nation of the Lord's-day has been ttie mlet to all the.r after sins and miseries both. And, lUirth Perhaps ,t may not be unprofitubla for us to set apart th n^o^itg P nodTo uIT; "'"" "''* "' ''"« ''''"«' '^'^^ -hat has hap^ pened to us the year past, and to beg God's blessing through the year following. It has been the practice of so.-ne holy persons to do this-some reckoning the year, as it is usual wi^h'us n our TtTromS d ' T..*'" ]'• i-f of January, and others reckon n" It from the day of their birth, or baptism, or conversion ; in all of which every one may take which way pleaseth him bLt. And now, hat wo enter upon the morning or beginning of a new cen- tury let me beseech you to begin this work^ow, !f ye havl neg- leoted It during the years of the last age which ye have run thilgh. whether these nave been more or fewer. Having thus given you an account of time, and the opportunities jnd seasons of .t to bo improved, I shall proceed to recommend th duty from tkree considerations, and then to direct you how to do It, by proposing three rules to be observed this way dJv J^-^''1 ^'^"""n *^'''^"'"'' ^'^ "^° ^'^^^^^^y recommend this duty to you from three weighty considerations. Ihe Ut consideration is this, That it is the duty and wisdom of every one of us to be duly and deeply impressed with the sens^ of the worth and value of time. tl.Lt.f!'l*'t'T'''° ''''°*' '^'^' from innumerable examples. Helhl r 'k ^"'"1 '"''' ^" "" *^S«^' ^«"» Christians and Heathens have been under tho deepest and most constant impres- -10118 of tho value of time. But as thie would bo too long fo7thL the hurries of 3 for dufy an fo careful not Mark i. 35; reek carefully, then, wo may 8 ; but if we vro must not clays that ho it is no won- rith sorrow at -day has been ind, Fourth, t the morning hat has hap- through the y persons to th us in our rs reckoning on ; in all of • best. And f a new cen- fe have neg- run through, 'pportunities ommend this 1 how to do mniend thia i wisdom of the sense of le examples, I'istians and bant impres- ong for thig THE RISE AND FALL OF PAPACY. 83 place, 80 it is needless to insist upon it. seeing I believe ye can a, l^:::iz:t^::r-'--' - ^^- ^- - vaC :; ho hes upon a doath-bed, who sees hin..olf dropping into anrther Oh cri!" ;"' '^^''"'°"'^ *''^' ''' ''^-° '« -* -'de wit rtd Oh! cne the poor wretch, that I had spent less of my time on the world and my lusts, and mo of it in minding the good of ^^ own soul! that I had those hours and days b^ck afaTn th.Tr Tk :s;nfrr '-r-'' ' ^^r aU ;' a" ^cek at lea.t, of health and strength, to make my peace with GodI thoughts then ? Wore ye not sensible then of mis-spent time? or r coCZr 7""^— ^»-»* -^d reformation i? God Xu d recmer you? Whore ,s now the performance of your vows? Oh! If there be any that forget God, and ne«lcct to do «, X i, promised and resolved, fet then/ consider' thtird«;:ndtte^^^^^^^ m t.me, est God tear them in pieces when there is none todeW them. Alas! my friends, what would those poor wretches Z for one day nay. for one hour, who are nowinLinfernalp ist J Wha would they give for one offer of a Saviour who are now T mentingthe slighting of the Gospel and th ir ^rsnenl Th •* opportunities of salvation? Therefore do^TlZTo v2e 1Z more, and m.prove it better, before it be too late to retr eve ksl ret:;'"' ^""^ '''- ''''- -- *^ -*^- consideraLr' The 2.; consideration is. That it is our wisdom, not only to be impressed with a sense of the worth and value of time but I be duly and deeply affected and influenced this way, so as to sotlut atdXir"^^^'--^-^-^- -^ ^osfconcerni::t7; For it is not speculation, but practice, that we are to mind here • and therefore .four apprehensions of the worth of time do not in-' !.i=pro-ie it, ti,cy will only tend to our greater coa- 84 A DiacOUIiSE CONC£KNINO :1 I!-.. hi ll damnation. Therefore, tluit what I have sai-l may eo afTcct a ou as to mete you to do your duty tliis way. I hI.uU not ^nidge u liU\- pains in writing further on this head, n, hope that yo will not bo weary in reading what is written. Take it n(»t amiss, therefore, if I address you with some soriousncs, nd warmth of afl-.-.tion, and through you, all others that may cast their eyes ujxm these ; heets! My dear friends, some of you have lived twenty, some thirty, some forty, some fifty, some sixty or more years in the world JVow, I bc-seoch you to con.sidor what you have been doing all thi. time. Have your performances borne any pi-opction to tlu mercies ye liave received from God ? Have ye been faithfu' to improve your talents for your God and Saviour ? Have your con- victions brought forth a saving conversion ? Have your resolutions and promises been all performed ? Has it been a matter of cm- science to you to servo God with the best of your time, the greatest vigour of your thoughts, the utmost energy of love and delight and, m a word, with all your heart and strength ? ' If ye have been deficient this way, then pray consider, not only how impossible it is to bring back any part of the time that is past, but how little, or at least how uncertain, the time is that remains to bo live<^ over. And if any be scour, ibis way because they are young. ,.■ .u , ng, or healthful, let them remember how often the old car.v t h.. voung to the grave, and the weak and sickly see robust anJ vigororo; persons drop off' before them. And what is our hfe at longe^c? Does not tho Scripture labour, as it were, , under a want of metaphors to describe its vanity, when it compares It to a hand-breadth, a span, a vapour, the grass that is soon mowed down the flower that quickly fades, the shadow that de- chnes and the tale that is told ? JIow poor a thing, then, is it to bo able no otherwise to number our days and years than by our being born at such a time, and having lived to such another time ' Ihere is. therefore, no more unreasonable desire in the world than to live long where there is no concern to live well ; for this is only to wish to have more time to mis-spend-to sin longer than others. and to bo more miserable in the other world. Besides that, it is impossible, as the coui^e of things is now, to live long in a proper Bonse, for as the following distich expresses it :— That i8~ TI!E BISE AND FALL .)P PAPACY. At bum (juliKjufl pn to.t, vivcr* d«. , dh"' "To live Ions illl <1oMro, t^ Ilvo wpI) „nnc ■ \ ot «1J may liv,. won, bui uono can livelonfi.- s$ For ,« ,t not for tluH very end that ti.no h .Mvcn us that it m„v ^eunp..,, .1 andlhoa well, in onlor to onr'^^^l^ZZl pared for the happy state of a glorious inunortuh '? HaMyO^ did never n.ake «o ,l<,riou,s a creature an n,an, endued wi u an in^ mortal soul, merely to live the life of a bcast-to eat. and TriZ and Hieep, or to enjoy his sensitive lust and pleasures. Think, then, my friends, that according as ye improve or improve t:me, ye arc to be happy or miserable for an etei For we are now m a state of trial, and upon our behaviou. a order to be rewarded or punished afterwards, as wo slmll be Lnd to have acted when wc como to bo judged; thlefbre we "v -,0.0 ... and take our pleasure as we1„eas. ^or^i"^ ' ^t V . have reason to r- Ico with trembling (Ps ii. 11) «.hen wo remember that wo are to ho called before God and judged for aU we do now. For they that live in the flesh, according o tCir lueta :::^ti:^i:d 7^1: ^t '::t: '- "^-^- 1 ^^^^ cathim into the outer darkness, where there shall be we;pin« and gnashing of teeth." (Matt. xxv. 25. 2G. 30.) ^^^P^og Consider, therefore, that it is impossible to recall any moment of time hat is lost, in a proper and physical sense fand^hat thus It IS a foolish and ridiculous wish: " O miah pJteZl referatsi Jujnter annosT-'^O if God would give mo backThe to brmg back past tune, when, by doubling our diligence, we do m some sort retrieve the miMmprovement of former days. But then It must be remembered, that this must bo done now or never- for If our time come to an end here, there is no retur u.g to a state «Lt'i.r«7"' "^?^^ Zr T ''''"'• "^^ ^ ^'^ d'«' «^-" he live afe...n . (Job XIV. 14.) No. alas ! says Job ; for "as tho cloud IS consumed and vanisheth away, so he that gooth to the grave ^hall come up no more (that is. to live on earth again, af the following words explain tho meaninr^ ^ " u„ .u„n „!r-_ . _ MICROCOPY RESOUITION TEST CHART (ANSI and ISO TEST CHART No. 2) |45 IS i 2.5 15. im^s tii l» Hi 2 2 tii |a^ life l» U U II Im Ih BiUu A /APPLIED IIVMGE Inc t653 East Main Street Rochester, New York U609 USA (716) 482 - 0300 - Phone (716) 288-5989 -Fax 80 DiSCO'JItSE CONOKKNINO to his house, neither shall hh place knoAv him any more." (Job. vu. 9, 10.) There, let us all say witli him (and improve tho* thought : "When a few ycar« are come, then I shall go the way whence I shall not return." Job xvi. 22.) Now, besides all these things, it may be of great use, to enforce this consideration, to take a view of tlie complexion and genius of our age, or the time wherein we live. For if the Apostle Paul when he exhorts his contemporary Christians to redeem the time,' gives this as the reason of his advice, " Because the days are evil'' (Eph. V. 16), I am sure we have much more reason to call the days wherein wo live by this name. For the sense of the Apostle when he calls the days wherein he lived evil days, is no doubt this chiefly, If not only, that they were afflictive and perilous iimes ; for times of trouble are called evil times, or evil days, frequently m Scripture. (Gen. xlvii. 9; l>s. Ixxvii. 2 ; Amos v. 13, 18) But we may justly take this in a larger sense, in reference to our times • for an age or time may be denominated evil either with respect to' the abounding of errors, profaneness, or calamities. And upon all these accounts these days of ours may be justly said to be evil. For as to errors, how many and how gross are these! How many deny the Lord that bought them! How many oppose hi. divinity and satisfaction both ! Yea, how many revile him as an impostor, and ridicule all revealed religion : Nay, how many daro blaspheme God, and deny his being, and even the first principles of natural religion! And as to profaneness and immorality, where did we ever hear or read of more among Christians ? Nay It may be a question if ever the Heathens were worse than most Christians are now. And again, as for calamities and troubles we see what other Churches have suffered of late, and do suffer Btill ; and w-e see in how tottering a condition the protestant inter- est 18. And though I believe it will prove a burdensome stone to the enemies of Christ, yet how far God may suffer them to prevail for a time none of us knows ; only I am afraid we are upon the brink of very great troubles ; and that (as I have hinted already) as we have been like Israel of old, peculiarly blessed with mercies and privileges, and are as peculiar and singular in sinning, so we are like to be punished in a peculiar and particular manner also. y more." (Job. nd improve tho iliall go tho way it use, to enforce an and genius of 10 Ajiostle Paul, redeem the time, le days are evil" asou to call the of the Apostle, is no doubt this perilous iimes; lays, frequently 8 V. 13, 18) But nee to our times; with respect to ies. And upon ■ said to be evil, e these ! How lany oppose hi-" ■evile him as an how many daro first principles ad immorality, •istians ? Nay rorse than most 3 and troubles >, and do suffer rotestant inter- snsome stone to them to prevail are upon the linted already) d with mercies sinning, so we ■v manner also. THE BISE AND FALL OF PAPACY. 87 ':^;:r ^i^i^diud^" 'i ^ -^'^ *^^"^«^ ^^^^« — as that of I ael of old In'M^""' ? ^° '"'^' ''' '''' '^'' «« ^«» that Voo,l^^Llt\C^^^^ °f «-J to families of the earth tho-'-of ""^ have I known of all the iniquities/' (1:::%: tr ''""^' ^'^^ '^^ ^^^ ^^^^ minds shlldTco Lptd frlm r"^^^^ '^^""^' ^^•«' "^ ^^^ (2 Cor xi 3 ) '''' '7"P*^yr '".re- friends are frequently °ho thie« ,hTro{"'" T""'" '" ">"' commodity that of all other, ™ i '" "'""'ime-tho -eing, Jean neve, "e, :„";.," LT Toril /""r?"""' "'■ great duty ; but it is frequently „ ho hurt bo ho T •! *° » the visited that these are made. For a ,u„!S f ""'*" ""* lost this way to no purnose .n il,; r °""'' """monly tainment of most c' Znies "r t^'T'^^^ """ "^ "'o '^"'" worse; for it is too eusZrr^ TsueL^™ to"""" ™""-^' '' ■"" talking and iostimr nr .„ . • '" «'™ ^ay to foolish S jesting, or to sensorious rcflcctioM upon other pe^
  • '"' if be neglect tho to see the planet throuVh! k . '''" '' '^"'^" *''« astronomer world at l^uha s X v all tfel; f \' '^" '''''' f *''« ^''^P^ beingah,etoadJu.tand::clt L^;;,^ apply hi hLnlo rlel^stn: ; ZlTZ'''\T '''' '^ "« ^'^ rVan hv ^"'/^""/^ ':« ^«»-«^»P ^od. yet what advantage can we nd'mfr: /fo^^^^^^^^ T ^^'P^-'^'-^y- or cuttomrrny !nJri^^ , , ff^'''°''''P''«^^°«^y'^nd irreverently, or dull and heartlessly? Nay, we may lose our labour this way also when by th.s wo thrust out more immediately incumZent and necessary duties, or when we neglect the porformance hit, "u we be altogether unfit for it, offerin thus to the Lord a co u ' thmg while we have a male in our flo„ : . ' And if thus we may mis-spend our time, how much more are we ke to do so while the cares of the worW, and the inordinate de! r T u r ''"" '*' P^^'^^"'-^^^' P'-ofit'^' and honours, jostle out religion both from ou. thoughts and lives ! Solomon advi eth us not to labour to be rich; but he immediately subjoins :-" Cease from thine own wisdom." (Prov. xxiii. 4.) Whereby he insinua" that a man must be mortified to his carnal and worldly ratiocina tions, and taught by the Spirit of God to know the tr^uet h"' H A DISCOURSE CONCERNINO ! - i ll! : jii ; :/ i'i thingn, boforo he can possibly learn tliis lesson from him. How- ever ho poHitivoly dctorminos Uicso two tiiingn : That " ho that hasteth to bo rich hath an evil eye;" and that " ho that does ho shall not be found innocent" (Prov. sxviii. 22, 20)--motto8 that all men might find it convenient to write on the heads of their books of accounts; and if Solomon's wordH have little effect upon you consider what a greater than Solomon says of a covetous or anxiously solicitous disposition and practice, in the 0th chapter of Matthe\y, where he reprOsonts and condemns it as unchristian and heathenish, and as unreasonable and pernicious. And after all. remember these serious and pungent words of his ;— " AVhat is a man profited, if he gain the whole world and low his own soul ? or what shall a man give in exchange for his soul ?" (Matthew xvi. 26.) And now I hope I have said enough as to the things wo ought to avoid, if we would rightly improve our time ; but seeing that it 18 not sufficient to know how time is lost, unless wo know also what we are to be occupied about, and wherein the best and wisest disposal of our time stands, therefore we must further consider tho great and necessary duties with which wo aught to fill up the season and vacuities of life. And therefore I proceed now to The second part of this great and principal direction concerning the improvement of our time, which is this: That wo take care to fill It up with the conscientious and diligent discharge of all neces- sary duties. ^ And here, though in general we cannot but know that our time 18 wholly to be taken up in getting and doing good, yet we must remember th.t it is only in relation to time that we are to con- sider our duties in this place ; and, therefore, I am only to con sider here those great and necessary duties which are always obligatory Upon us, and the neglect of which is inseparable from the nutfimprovement of time. For it cannot be supposed that I should so much as hint all those things that come under the general notion of duty, or consider those things which particular circumstances and emergents render obligatory to us or such duties which are called relative, from the stations we are in and the relations wo bear to others. THB msB AND PALL OF PAPAcr. fff uaL ever Uad^Xrnt:' ""^^"^' '''' ^''^' ^^ «^ t-1,"b;;:eXf Iw ''*r' '""^'^ y°" *^ -P-- your Holy S'cnptro: in' r^r ;;:okT^^ r'"^.r' «'"^'^'»« *^« led up to ho fir t ant nuiMor t . ^'^Z'" ^ " ^"^ >'""^ >"i"^« nish ;« with Hn;i sY t • :t':t "th"'" '"' ''^^''^ ^'^» ^"^■ manandthoworld-lmL'.T , ^hcre wo «eo tho origin of original of s!„ deat^n^ F.moval «tate when first crcated-tho of mon by ho' great dJu'TV^ '?'""^'°" ^^ ^'^ «-* ™ce only a« tlfrough' oud-lTr^t « "*'" T"^'"'^'^'^ ^P''"^ «^ and hope to ifpsod .L Jh sulr^ofTh^^ f T"? "' """^ mitivo Church—and fhn ,'."?''*'"«•«'» of tho first and most pri- try. superaiUon. "d lYcSesT'to" M^'^T ^' ^^"^"« '^''- of nations, citie . arlr«overn^^^ "'^' ^''^ «"* -'«'°'^1 thoBuperintendiigprovirnrSd rr^^^ ^'^ '^^ *^««« wisdom and steadiness And h.^u-' ,''"'*''^ "'"'^ e°«d"«««' ^ it were, all pasj t^e. atS make it'l^r ^'^''. "^ '""« ^'^^^• advantage. In th« nth« A i / 1 ' ^"^^ ""^ ^"^ «"' Profit and God's erfc ting a poo oLe-^ '' ^^^ "^ ^'^^^ '''^ "^-""t of peculiar possfssioTwhTe n we'sTet' '" '%' ^'""'' ''"' ^^^'^ them by signs and m7rl e 11' I.'^" ^'".^^^^"^ appearance for . themiualUheirjouZT ir^r;„fS '^"^ "r^"*^' '^'^^ ^'^^ -his .iving then', l^'^^^^^ZTt^Z^^'. ''T wrapping up most profound mysteries undor ' P?^'*'°^^-h.8 toms— and his brin^imr f }„>n, .^^ "*\""^«r ceremonies and cus, glory, destroy ngtherr^elemirw' "t' '""*^^ "^^^' ?«— ^^ merable observalle occurrr^ ^^ r^ together with innu- to bo taken Tol^e ofT^^^^e^^^^^^ -<^ "-ful thing, tament, that follows that of/h. T ^T^^ ^""'^ ^^ *^« ^^^ Tcs- relation of most aim rablo and ^Tl " '^' '''"^ ^'^^ '*' ^-^ -^ a • «r fell out in tWo d^-^^^^^^^^^^ *™actions and yet uniform stepT of Cr?- '''"'''"''*'' ''"'"' world and the Church-God's/- ^'"r*^«°«« '» governing the eous-hispermittLTsinlyrS occurrences we have the hP^fJ P"^«h[»g "nnors. In all which by us. and an'accrnfof t ZXlT^::! ''' *^ '^ -'*^*«^ i^« worst also, that we may avoid such j:1 96 ▲ DISCOURSE OONOERNINO I poruicioug coursoa. The book of Job i^ a mirror, wherein we may learn what affliotions the boHt men are liable unto, and what reproaches thoy may unjustly full under oven by ^ood men like themsolvefl, through mistako and infirmity; an also, how wo ought to behave in the time of calamity, and what the end of the Lord at length usually is. The PHalms are the moHt excellent model of practical experimental piety, and the boat prayer-book and directory for devotion, that O' .• the world was blessed with. The Proverb.-i of Solomon are the most excellent and refined ethics that -ire ever published, or over will bo. Ecclesiastes is tho noblest picture and demonstration of tho world's vanity ; and Solomon's Song tho most spiritual pastoral, the finest allegory, and tho devinest poetical description of the love between Christ and devout souls, that ever saw the light. Tho prophetical wri- tings give us the noblest and distinctest idea of God's government of nations, and tho righteousness and equity of all his providences and administrations, besides innumerable other lessons to bo learned from thence. And as for tho New Testament, the first thing that occurs to us is the most excellent part of the whole Bible— I moan the fourfold history of our blessed Saviour. let your thoughts dwell long and strike deep here ; for all the historical passages of tho Gospels" all the wise and sage parables to bo found there, all the miracles wrought, all tho prophesies mentioned, all the truths revealed, and all the counsels and exhortations there given— I say, all these are as so many rich veins of what is more precious than tho finest gold, and admirable and useful above all thought. Tho Book of tho Acts of the Apostles gives us a noblo and impartial account of the beginning and progress of the Gospel, and tho first settlement of the Church ; wherein we have a naked and clear view of Chris- tianity in its purest and primitive dress, together with some most profitable examples and useful discourses. The Apostolical Epis- tles give us a full and copious account of the religion of the blessed Jesus, both in its principles and practice— its original and design. So that these are sufficient alone, if rightly understood, to enlighten our minds, to influence our aflections and desires, and to regulate our lives and conversations. And tho Book of Revelation, though dark and enigmatical, represents to us, in an august and lofty vliorcin wo may into, and what goud men liko also, how wo . the end of tho most cxrollont lat prajcr-book H blessed with, d refined ethics esiastes ih tho s vanity ; and ruicst allegory, between Christ rophotical wri- I's government lis providences lessons to bo vt occurs to lis in the fourfold its dwell long )f tho Gospels, 1 the miracles ths revealed, say, all these ban tho finest The Book of ial account of rst settlement riow of Chris- th some most •stolical Epis- of the blessed .1 and design. , to enlighten d to regulate ation, though ;ust and lofty THE SrsE AND FALL OF PAl-AO,. 07 part,":; "I's:,.- ;;r "2, t:;:r7' "t^°"'" -^ '"« «»'-»> from .i,o„..„. „,:. I,. \: „: ,t "T''"';,' ""■'«' ■"».>■ i- '™™«a fore, look upon all tho books th.if ,./ • '^'•^' "•'' ^'"-^»-«- divinely i„„pire„, and t^: /rr «--' voiu.no a, and edification. (2 Ti.„ , i^ t "' ""T''"' ^'"' '^"'- I>iofit them, « not as th word o.", el \ J'"f''' '^* "'' '•-"> -^"^ ^tudy of God ;" that is. so as to , lo i vl ':{' "' '"'""^' *''" ^^''^ worth-to love and deligh n the,l / • '" ''''''^'"^ ^^' "'"'' meditate upon thorn as n l^Z:^-;^''' ""''' '"'' "^""-to lives wholly to then.. An' i" order f'"'""' '' '''''''"^ «"' impartial, and obedient .Lr f c i r W .^ "'"! ''' ^'""''"^' of one thing, than which nothing is It T ''"" '" '"'"*^ •nothing more necessary in orC^to n I /f ?''^' '"^'^ ^'^^ namely, that ye have a care of^o^ in 'r ^"'^ ^^ "'° «'^'^''' of opinions in matters relig :uV,'^^ efi ul\?''''r''""'"^^^«^'' tially examined the Sacred s. .;nf-^ '"''"'' ^'^''"S '"'Par- thatdo so come not to 1^^^^^^^^ -«"ers; for they Almighty, and are not aC ofL to : L ^ V'""'''' '' "- in order to force it to sneak not u^ « ^»«; Jraw the sacred text, would have it do. as besTL'^s" i 'l^;: ^,:^r' ''''':'^'' "'^^ party designs, that I ... not lusts a Thor f '' T'"'"'' '^"^ you (as I have often done from the pulnit^^ t''!^',' "^° '^''''' and particularly the New Telmen ! ll hTef ^ ^''''^^ ''''''' eense only) system, confession of faitlld ' ^^ .''' ^ ^''^'' excellency there is in any humnn J ^''^^'^' ^^"^ whatever P»rpo« do we road the Scripture, aud „L"t° t;.'''.? "■'"' :r _- '^, " nu us H ▲ I>10€qnSSB G0JS(CEttNISf9 r not at pains to penetrate Into the things therein contained ? Now it were endless, and in some sense impossible, to name all those things that may be profitably thought upon. But perhaps it may not be amiss to suggest to you the principal heads of sacred theology ; by which, as so many avenues, ye may attain mentally to converse with God and truth. In the Jirst place, then, meditate on God himself— his attributes, works, and word, and the blessed persons of the Godhead. Then think on man in his first innocent state, in his lapsed condition and begun recovery, aud on thyself particularly— thy nature, thy faculties, thy state, thy faults, thy end, thy duties, and thy privi- leges and advantages. Meditate often on Jesus Christr-his per- son, his properties, his offices, his merits, his suflerings, his con- quest, his business and work now in heaven, and his management of the Church on earth and the world in general. Then think of the Holy Spiritr-his office, work, and influences. And let the Church also be considered, in its obligations, ordinances, sufferings^ progress, and victory ; and think likewise of the particular state of the saints of God on earth— their temptations, the principles by which they are actuated, their conversation, and the promises made them. Hence let your minds be led on to contemplate the great blessings of true religion, such as conversion, justification, adop- tion, sanctification, peace of conscience, joy in the Holy Ghost, communion with God, the prelibations of heaven, and final perse- verance. And then let your thoughts terminate upon what we call the last things. Think, therefore, on death— its certainty,, yet the uncertainty of the time of it, and the happiness of being ready for so great a change. Then think upon the dissolution of this world, when the elements shall melt with fervent heat, and this vast pile of our planetary world become one great bonfire. And from thence let your minds contemplate the great day of judg- ment those grand azzizes where all mankind must be impartially judged, and sentence be pronounced on them accordingly. And after all, let your thoughts pass beyond the limits of time, and step into the eternal state. There go down to the infernal prison for a while, and view the horrors of the place, the frightful aspect of the company, and the intenseness and perpetuity of the torments. Then mount the steep ascent, and soar aloft upon the wings of tlia RISE AND PALL OP PAPACY. place, .he fecij., a„;j:tonr.tfr;;:e°t^^^^^^^ cellency of the company, tlio dorv of .!,„ ,./'"'".''""""■ ">= ei- the noble e,„pl„y„,o« iLt Xl^CJ'ZT T"' """='■ - immutability of oil these Tl.inl, K? '^' , " "'"""^ >»<' frien* „.hL the™ raln":'tt X^'^^r^rrT' "J ye can .ever want matte,- for your thought, Ik upon '^ """' .afa^e.7.-v:i::;r - "f "r - - ™ letu. ever call oureelve Ta JZ, 1?J " °.^1'°« '"•™°"'^' theepeudiugofourtimo frr ^""'°' °°°°'"" "" t" .hcmr aua ^il::zc^'iz°'^:,i':T:r' '-'"■ amine and try how it i, with u« ? If T . " °"" "' ne™ are ™ ea'eful .0 t dotn Jverytwr ■rfh''"'-™'' "' ■■"«• book, of -nt,«,attheymaybeiteLl r/:,"™'' f" thoy coll tueir debit and ercdititheir loZ -^id '° . '"'''""'^'''■at Christiana to mind their eternal coZZZuiiTyr"'^""" ' and accuracy ? How wonderfullv Z s " °^««'°«w when he telle „ thaZ Ttm S of „L W '"'"J "" ""' '"«^' commcnde, he had been acltomld To '' "u""" '""8'^'^ night I •• When at night,"^ hT^.^, ZZ"° '""°""'' ""^ .«.. and ,„iet, then dfl iook U\pot a" t oX .te'd " r;''^ird7n:Lrc:-er:te\fT *r'"*' -^^ " in.^ leaytomyeelf^ «""" ^ *- ^r:':. ctaTu r." *; 80 no more. And again I ask myself- Whnf . ^"sedly; do what .^e have IresLd. what^t W^^^l^/at^/^^^^^^^ lesson have I learned? and what good have Idone? andl ^' he. '; what a sweet sleep after this recognition of a man's sdf' w^' one IS conscious of his impartiality and seriousnZ in f"* and censure of himself and his own manners- ''"'^ then, my friends, let it not be said of i,b tl,„* t- . neglect of this duty, lest Heathens rTse up in j^JIntr -"/'^ and condemn us. ^ Judgment against us, But since we are not born for ourselveR onTv ip. ,,„ i^. ,.. CO promote the good of others also. I.t us th^^ibr^Ii!;:::::^ " .IP 100 DISCOtJESE CONOEBNINO ', f ?' ^nrlt 1l f '"^ '"' '*''''°' *' '^' ^^"'^'^ ^^Ctod and good men, of ho lor" A T- T "' "'*"°^' ^''^ as we are inhabitants of the world. And in order to be thus useful, let us set before ourselves tljo glorious example of Christ, whos meat nd drink ^as to do the will of his heavenly Father, and who went about a^ ways domg good. And therefore let us be ashamed to live rise- less plants m the world, which do only cumber the ground And m order to perform all these things aright, and so to im- prove our time to the best advantage, let'us be' sure ^ ^pel^"^ mu h of our time in prayer as possibly we can ; for as itTth^ hat we attain to most immediate and direclfcommunion with God! «o It IB this way that we attain to be strengthened and drrected Vn the performance of all the duties weare obfiged to belkentp i" ^herefore let us remember that it is not witLut just ground thai ^e are commanded to "pray always" (Eph. vi. 18), afd to "pray Without ceasing." (1 Thess. v. 17.) The sense of which expreT ions I take to be this : That as we are to keep up statd times of 01 mn prayer to God, and to have recourse to him in a mo^e pj order to be peculiarly directed and assisted then from God • so we are ever to keep ourselves as much as possibly we can in aprryil^ frame and for this end to fill up all the vacuities of other affair! ail hese things there is one thing further that I never found any writer take notice of, that I look upon to be the principa design thrdt'T""' and this is, that we be careful to pro2e Z trZl '" ^T u '^''" '''' *'"« '''"^^ '^' *o ^^oL, wait, iag for the answer of them, and improving the same in praise When received. For example, if a Christian pray long for afuU «.i8 design^in all his prayers, until he receive an answer • which when he has got, let him turn this from the catalogue of iispf rect't '"'^^ «-ksgivings. And so let him'ac, 2 ^ h srtoi^rrtr ^ ''''"''' '-'-' '' '^ ^"'^"«^' -^ I h^l^l"'"' ^ ^T *"* ^'"^*^ ^""''^'^ ^^' fi"^ ^''^ principal rule ' I had to propose to you, with respect to the improvement ^of time % jtod and good men, 3d, as we are mem*^^ we are inhabitants let us set before meat and drink it ho went about al- ned to live as use- the ground, it, and so to im- 9ure to spend as for as it is thus nunioft with God, d and directed in be taken up in. just ground that 8), and to " pray of which expres- p stated times of m in a more spe- occurrences, in 'rom God ; so we < can in a praying of other affairs gs. But besides never found any principal design ful to prosecute to another, wait- same in praise long for a full b him prosecute answer ; which ogue of his peti- a act, also, with e fulfilled, and principal rule vement of tlnm m »HB RISK AND ITAlI. OP PaPACF. in both the parts thereof a a "' ^^^ Which are only subservttt^etX/rf.!:"**^^^^*-^--. of your most serious thoughts ^ ' ** *^' «^« ^^' worthy The 2>id rule, therefore, is •' That Jn ^ ment and disposal of time w^ do both d!r ' I" '^' "^^* ^"^^^'^^ to God and as explicitly a we can fnT^ '"^'^'^'^^^ ''^'^^'y wholly in his service; Ld be conelrL ' *' '^'""^ «" "-«« a -cret an exact register or d LTy Jf 1^' " *' ''''' *' '^'^ providences of God in relation to us '"' '^^ "^*^^°«' ^^ the teml work. I shall not therefore troul^ «°"««r«ing the minis- upon either of these heads ^^^' ^"^ ^^^ ^^^^thing more jn. S :Sl;r:^;^:;:;S^S^^ ^^ relation to the keep, his own discretion as to the mlnLer and iT "*"«* ^ ^'^' ^ thmgs that occur to him in Clif! ? .k' ''*'j"^*''^«*^o«« '°- ^ ^^^5^ Ihe danger, spiritual „, t«„p„,^; ^, ^ ^^ ^^^^^^ 7 TT-, r '" °"""-^ ""■ ''"" overcome by. " "" ^ 1 1 103 A DISC0UR8B CONCERNING he has been deserted by his God ; and, so far as he can ooncludo, for what ends these have happened to him. 8. What evidence he has had of the wrath and displeasure of God upon the account of sin. 9. What intimations he has met with of the love and kindness of his heavenly Father. 10. What temptations, inward or outward, he has been most assaulted by, and what he has found to be the best antidote and relief against these, 11. What observation and experience ho has met with to con- firm him in the belief of the Christian religion, as to the being of Ood, the divinity of Christ, and the existence of invisible powers. 12. What observable and remarkable things have happened to him in his business, studies, or converse with men, that may be of use to himself or others, as to life and conversation in the world. 13. Particularly, what has occurred to him in the remarkable turns and changes of his life, in health and sickness. 14. What intimacy, familiarity, and communion, God has gra^ ciously a4mitted him into with himself; and what answers and returns of prayer God has granted him. And, 15. What special and peculiarly distinguishing circumstances he has been under, wherein the footsteps of a peculiar conduct have been conspicuous to him. Under these heads 1 humbly suppose all things may be regularly disposed that can be thought necessary to compose a private Chris- tian's register ; though I presume not to dictate to any man, but leave every one to follow his own method. The 3rd and last rule is this: That (in order to the right reo-u- lation of time) we set down some short, rational, and notural direc- tory, according to which we may bo enabled and assisted rightly to improTO our time. ^ But seeing every one is to compose this according to his own circumstances, there is no man that can justly prescribe to another in this matter ; nay, there is none that can set to himself such a directory as to all particulars, that he can be supposed to be tied up to at all times, since the providence of God is so various this way that our circumstances render our condition, and consequently our ■MtaOBi as different as the weather is. And, therefore, % uiiiy ''If ii THS RISE AND r^x. of p^^^ot. rule, and method, impmclLb o "1 '?f "''.^™<""'I>"«<^"lai ?f thmg,, rather tha» with our ownTrWt^r '^T""' '"■■™°"""°«' thoughts: How «halM spend this da^v to b. , ^^^^'"^ ^^^^^^^^^ honourofGodandmyol^ood? In? K ^"^°*^g«. ^r tho ~me ti.e of bff h I^ ^^4^™- """«e,aIW,o„r.e.™ Tiz., what ye are, and^ha ':,*:. 7;?>"'>" *«» '"O thmg.. yoar.eI,e, by way of ,„,ry, tta-wC ^ r^"° f'^'-'-lj to that I am in favour with God f Am r ° ^Z ' "''" "' ™ I™" I epiritual in thought, affection, atd de2„f "e'/^'^S ' Am right? Are tho means I make use of lawfol , ^ " "^ «"''■ "tudies or my business such as I oul, ■* '""f " ' Are my Bo I behave in aU respect^'as „ne S "T '" "'■'"^"f'^' "»>"' better country. """ '^ J^meying towards tha as t raitr r tLrr:/:r rr-^ ---'- Bpoken already to this duty I shall on Jf u ^"^- ^"* ^*^ing of great use for you to exa'.iL^';l f,^^^^ >^ -" bf wayofquestiontoyourselves.thus mathl P 7 *^'°^«' ^^ been to me this day ? What have I seen or t fl P'"^^''^«'^«« Bpecial observation and improvement ?Wh ?'^'** *^** ^«««"'«» ceived? What troubles We iTeTt Lh WhT^ '^^« ^ '- jacaped ? Did God assist me, or desist 1 ^ ^i°^'" ^'^^^ ^ business? Have I learned notir ;" ""^ ^^'^^^'o^s and Pid hp .««„, ^ l""^^ °°*^'°g new from his RoW w.>.. 104 DISC0FE8E CONCERNINO 'i;i ' if' : What has my Tray been towards God ? Have I done nothing to dishonour him, or to discredit my profession? Have I acted m> as to approve myself to my God, in thought and design, as well as m word and action ? Wherein have I failed in my duty' What have I done for religion ? And what for my own good, or "the good of others ? And what have I done that I ought to beg the pardon of? And what have I to praise God for ? Now, my friends, I hope these three generals are easy both to bo remembered and practiced. For as for the particular questions 1 have suggested, they are only proposed to show more fully the design of the general ones ; and, therefore, every one may pick and choose, or vary from these as his own circumstances do require and as his prudence will direct; I only desire you, then to re^ member the three heads themselves, with relation to the mornin- the day, and the evening, as they are comprehended in these three mnemonical words, Propose, Reflect, and Examine. " And thus I have at length come to the end of that which I had to say to you upon this great and practical head of improving time to the best advantage ; which I conclude with these few watch- words: Spend not your time so as to be afterwards obliged bit- terly to repent of what you have done: spend no time on that which ye cannot review and look back upon with comfort ; spend no time so as ye dare not pray for a blessing from God upon what ye do; spend no time without some respect to God's glory, or your own and others' good. And be sure so to spend and improve your time that your great work may be done before your life end ; that when your few days are lived over, ye may joyfully enter in upon a happy eternity. Now, having finished all I had to say by way of improvement of the Apocalyptical thoughts I have presented you with, I desire yo may candidly interpret my design, and favourably construe my performance. And one thing I hope yo will remember, that see. ing this Discourse is by way of epistle, I have therefore used an epistolary freedom,' both in what I have said and in the way of writing, not tying mj'self up to so close a method as in other Dis, courses, though I have not altogether neglected even that ; but if I have failed in any respect, remember further, that I write to those I look upon to be my true, good, and kind friends, Ut done nothing to Have I acted so design, as well as aiy duty? What good, or the good beg the pardon are easy both to ticular questions more fully the y one may pick anccg do require, t>u, then, to re- to the morninff. ed in these three lat which I had improving time leso few watch- 'ds obliged bit- time on that comfort ; spend God upon what jod's glory, or nd and improve ) your life end ; jrfully enter in f improvement 1 with, I desire ly construe my iber, that see^ ■efore used an in the way of i in other Dis^ 1 that; but if at I write to friends, het THE HISE AND FALL OF PAPACY. 105 "'"d-::^^^^^^^^^^ -e where ye the^U^o^r 1^^^^^^^^^^^ r ''-'- -' ^'- --^-^ . your business to li e''t gerhe ' f :2:"for'H' ''• ^^"i^- "^^^° '' has enjoined us mnv. ,. ^*''''*'^^^« «"«*» 5 for there is nothing Christ it the badge of orChlT "?"' ^"' """"^'^ "« ^« ^^ "^-^- all men Zl tlZ y^Z '^ ^T '° *^"« "« ' " ^^ this shall (^ohn .iii. 3571^: tiir^Ept ii 'ir^n-t rr •" one ffrpat Piwl r>f I,: • . v^F"- "■ -i"*, lo, it, &o.) it was his kingdom in the worlr? Z r ' *' *^® ^^^'^ promotes -.ice f » ourbtirijr :;r:xr;ir; "^r ""' found in '1," Llf r°* *"" " '""' °' "■'» »»» to bo ren.en.k..bafthe,„bj«;4:;f* J ;l*:W-'^^ posure of mine in » J^ffo^ +-, .^ ^ . ^ a youthful com- Thoughts «pon^;rh:r2ny%rxr^^^^^^^^^ ?^^ ^p'-' divine and spiritual relation of mTnl f " .^^^^"^"'i^hip is a riage of hearl, and /h^l'^Td ^i's'and '^ T'^' '^ "^'■ being founded on a known 1 , " ^ affections, which mutual heart^onetrg^^^^^^^^ ^"^^^^'^ -'<^ '^^ « most endearing love, ma inTlin^ •? V^^ T''' '^^"^°«««' ^"^ the warmest sylpathy and Z .? ! ^^ "^' "P^°^«* ^'"'^^dom, „,-.*• "J""Patny, and the closest secrccv. Anrl annh a.; ^ are twins-every way alike; or like swpp^ fln ^"'^ ""^^ ^"««d8 beauty, though perhaps diffeing in coloriik^ "''""^ ^" the primrose and violet twi« Jf. ? ' ^ *^° '"'''^ '^'"^ ^'^J. both colours and smelsrliV '"'*''^'' '"' "^'^'"^ rivulets flowing fo"n one s^r t'and'f r^'f *^ *"^ P^^^^* perhaps by soLunluckrHlg^TgrrdT^^^ Bome kind and flowery mead whichT t',^ v '*'"^ ^«*'" '^ and gentle meanders ;^aTi'tmav be !Ln '^ *'7 ^'^«'^"» Bome distance, whei^n they ^TLn- m ' ''P''*"''^ ^^^^^ ^* , .. . -i-eyo"«o along silenu^, murmuring no^ im A DttCOUESE COXClltinNd ii I i: and then to one another, and mutually complaining of the rude tanks that obstruct their joining; until at length, having run their lull course, and becoming one stream, they pour themselves forth into the great ocean itself, and become one with it also. So that lifaB the rest of the bitter sweets of this life, friendship has its ups and downs until it flow into heaven, from whence it took its rise • which 18 the consummatioh of all divine friendships, and where all true friends do at length happily meet, never to part." And now, my friends, I shall conclude this long epistle in the words of a famous doctor and father o^ the ancient Church • "Learn, faithful and religious men, and carefully apprehend the design of the Gospel polity. For which ^nd, study to conquer fleshly lustfl, to be humble in Jieart, pure in mind, and masters of your passions. If ye are called to suffer, act heroically, and do something over and above mere passiveness. forthehonour of your Lord. Ifye are unjustly treated, evidence that ye are not con- tentious; If hated, love your enemies; if persecuted, endure it- and if.reviled, answer no man otherwise than by prayer and good wishes. Die to sin, crucify your affections for God, and cast all your care upon your Lord and Master, that thus ye may at length reach the glorious place, where millions of angels, and the glorious assembly ofthe first-born are praising God, and where the holy apostles prophets, patriarchs, martyrs, and aU the righteous are To this blessed society let us labour and pray to be joined, through Jesus Christ our Lord. To whom be glory for ever !" ^ Now, that both ye and I may attain, through grace, to be thus -appy, ,s, and shaU be, the serious, fervent, and constant prayer My very dear Friends. Tours to love and serve you in the Gospel of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ, ROBT. FLEMING. London, January 1, 1701, Aewy thejirtt day both of the year and emturj/. ig of the nide laving run their lemselves forth also. So that, ihip has its upa it took its rise ; i, and where all rt." epistle in the cient Church: illy apprehend udy to conquer and naasters of ically, and do honour of your 9 are not con- >d, endure it; ayer and good I and cast all may at length ad the glorious here the holy righteous are. )ined, through 1" ce, to be thus astant prayer )el Christ, FLEMING. POSTSCRIPT. COJJTAI}(;UfO A SHORT ACCOUNT OF THB PIRST PRINCIPLES n. . thing to eecu/e the iol^ZoTTT' "''' '^ ^ '"^"' *« ^^ -""^ way of interpreting LCeTaL:':f^^ "'^"^ to follow another had swayed others to think 1^0.^ T""*''" ''' '^'' «"*«r Dr. More, in his ^^^uZZl ?!%"'• ^"^ ^^'^ ^ "^S^** that "Demonstration of thS t^^ZlU^^^^ ""r'^'^' '^ ^^- tions of the Apocalypse'' had dZT J Protestant Interpreta- that these hoi wrhoth^'olt^t: '^iZ' ^^'1 '' '^^"^^ purchased by everyone, and that therefoTe some ;i f """^ *" ^' matter at this time seemed to brnecessarvy'r"""' "'*''" Bgai^st this, as that this advice came" olaj anj IS Tf, r*'"«' tract ever so much it wn„iri c„ 71 I- ' *h**' ^^^"^^ ^ con- keep a due propyl' ion wkh 1 1 "Z ^'^' '' "^^ ^««^ t°« '""^h, to who'e too bu kf But fte all " f"l^""' '^'^'^ ^"'««'' "'^'^^ ^ho my friend previ led w th me to « ™P°^*"°J*^' ^"'^ *!»« -e«Pect I bore he thougi/i oughur^ri :. Terr^juf r? ^^^t ^^^ time in giving the reasons why I did nol ;;ar 0^^,^^^^^^^^^^^ 'Z''' m their proper place, or why I do so now T aiT 1, ^ ^^*'''® this book, and the fi^t principle of rritht f " ""^ *"^"^''^ '' ;:^pr.^ons whic^o gL^:^^^^ ait:^:Sc:^:^:-^ .itJonrt^t^r;^:™^^^^^^^^^^ , _. , ..., s,c„dca uxai mo Style Of John may be easily traced 108 A DISCOURSE OONOEKNmO I I lli: iiii let a 1. i in th.8 book, notwithstanding the difference of the subject from that which he wrote of in his Gospel and Epistles, he does frequently nmko mention of himself, and that with such peculiar circumstances ob agree wuh none but the apostle ; as we see, Rev. i. 1, 2, 4, 9 ; see also xxi. 2, I know indeed, that some of the ancients doubted of this, as Caius a Latin father mentioned by Eusebius (Hist., lib. iii. cap. 28) • and Dionysms of Alexandria, who made a great noise against it for a while as we see in Eusebius also. (Hist, lib. vii. cap. 4.) But yet even thli man declares that he owns it to be a sacred book, though not written by the Apostle John; wherein he speaks what we must look upon to bo altogether absurd. For if S John be not the author, it must be an imposture, seeing his name is inserted in it as being the penman So that if t be not St. John's it is no sacred book; or if ft be a'sacred book the author is none but the beloved apostle. But the weakness and inconsistency .f this -,uy his reasons against this book, which are sufficiently though briefly exposed by M. Dupin, both in Ls prelim ! nary Dissertation to hit, .'Biblioth^ue Universelle des Auteurs Eccl^- sia^iques." and in hi3 ''History of the Canon of the Books of Scrip. And if this were any argument against the divinity of this book that some persons have doubted of it, or denied it to be canonical, there IS hardly one book in the Now Testament that could stand thi test, seeing we find in the ancient Church history that there have been not only particular men, but even sects of them, that have excepted, some against one book and some against others. And we know that the Epistles of James and Judo, and the Second and Third Epistles of John and that admirable Epistle to the Hebrews, have been contro- Prltr„/p r.*''/r"'^^''' ^'^'^ authority of which neither Papist nor Protestant, Grecian or Armenian Christian doubts at this And as all Christians do now acquiesce in the Revelation as a^anoni- eal so, excepting those I mentioned, and the heretics called Alogians Martyr, Dialog, cum Tryph. ; Iren^us, lib. iv. cap. 37, 50 and lib v pap. 30; and apud Euseb., lib. v. oap. 8: TertulLn adv M Je Jib ni. cap 5: Clen,ens Alexandrinus apud Euseb., lib. iii. cap. 23 -"ori; ^en m Mat, and in Job, and apud Euseb., lib. vi. cap. 25 ; and Euse- W«8 himself, Hist. lib. iv. cap. 28, Nay all the oLr fathers f^ee in this also, pamel^, Epiphapiu?, Victorinus Theophilus, Cyprian. object from that frequently uiako iBtancea as agree ; sec also xxi. 2, f this, as Caius, • cap. 28) ; and St it for a while, But yet even this h not written by ook upon to bo , it must be an le penman. So 3 a sacred book, > weakness and )ook, which are in his prelimi- Auteurs Eccl^- Jooks of Bcrip- 5^ of this book, janonical, there stand the test, have been not ixcepted, some know that the ird Epistles of B been contro- which neither doubts at this an as a canoni- lled Alogians, So did Justio )0, and lib. v, r. Marc, lib. !ap. 23 ; Ori, ) ; and Euse- fathers agree [vLH, C^rian, THE EI8E AND FALL OP PAPAOT. sriere"r4irr ^^^-^^-' ^-^^^- Bui, for m, own ™„ , ' "W"'y'"». Victormu,, *c. M^e to that co„,„,„„d, by bZf .'il .. ".'°°'°"""« """ ' "«'" • tting dl,|„« i„ e |i„„ "''' " « '-l'"»' l"m»«lf br.,tl,„l .^m,. b«.k. orth. New xLZiZC """" """ '™° ■""«■ »«"•' m.«lio„ed, Rev rTlO^ll " ,T '°«'' ^ '""" »''*« »«•« <«"». Ne™, G.lba,OU.„, V„e°™/ v ' „ " ™T"' "'"■''^> «"•"- i.; governed a^ftJ^lZ 11^""^ """"« " "• ^''•'^' tl-rUion. then, held r„.?riZ"°™ ;■■'"'• .""' "" "■»"«"' '« «"' see with half an eye seein.. th^^ \ " " anybody may to him. And, i^'rlZX':^^^^^^ »>"* ^^^ -^el'^ five emperors that were falL w rf . P'"'°° "*"'* '^"'^ »"* these he'ads of the blasTt^trticlTL^^^^^^ '''' r ''''^^' words to John in the days of nZT 1' ' ""^"^ '^^^^ ^^ese went before, or to none. ^"'' ^^^^ '""^t relate to them that This is enpugh to destroy this notion of theirs ««^ t u It is possible for anv nf thL;, j • ' ^"° ^ ^"^^ "ot how _d_».ue«..„„e,J;::rbr.:^rirr:"il^^^^ «c=e.uun, ana to confirm the verity of our proposition. " ""'""''' '"" 110 ▲ DI80OUR8B OONCEBSrmO !( Now, there ar*' only two things adduced by Grotlus and ITamnKmd tn prove that John was in Patmos in Claudius's reign; the Jirttie, Tlint niaudius raised a persecution against Noth Jews and Christians, and tliat being tlio first persccuto", it in probable that Jolin was banished at that time. The second is, that Epiphanius does expressly assert that it was by Claudius that John was banished to Patmos. As to the firtt of these, it is nothing but a supposition without any proof; for we have no account, either in the Acts of (-he Apostles, or in any other writer, that Claudius did ever pflrscouto eitht i* Jews or Christians. And Lactantins (De Mart Vrof.) does expressly nssert that no emperor did persecute the Christians before Nerj. It is tiu*? Sue- tonius says: '^^ Claudius Judaot impulaore Chreslo lamuUuantea Roma expulit;" and iiuke tells us that Claudius bnnisbed Ih' Jews from Rome, which occasioned Aquila and PriscillH, and other Christian Jews, to retire from Rome : but neither ox tiiem says that he perse- cuted the Christians, or even the Jews. Now, as for the expression of Suetonius, *• Imjmlaoi^e Chreto" or Christo, the moaning must be this, that the Jews that did not believe, going about to stir up the government at Rome, as they did everywhere else (as is plain from the Book of the Acts) against the Christians, and appearing against tbem in a tumul- tuous manner, upon the occasion of Christ, complaints might probably be brought to the emperor, who, no doubt, upon this account, banished all of that nation ttom Rome ; »o that Suetonius, having a confused notion of Christ, might easily be induced to express himstlf this way. And now that this was all that Claudius did against the Christians is plain to me from one argument that has escaped Dr. More, but is to me unanswerable, taken from the 18th chapter of the Acts, where, after the sacred historian had taken notice of Claudius's banishing the Jews out of Rome, and of Aquila and Priscilla's being lately cotoe upon that account from Italy to Corinth, be tells us of Paul's loging with them, because he was of the same occupation. But being pressed in spirit to preach Christ, upon the coming of Silas and Timothy from Mace- donia, he gops into their synagogue, and reasons with the Jews and proselytes there upon this head ; and having converted some, particu- larly Chrispus, the chief ruler of the synagogue, and Justus, in whose house he afterwards J' ■ .,t- 1. '"iispus, no doubt, being thrown out of his office, and Sostli.L ?«! ^ . his stea ■ -ud Paul continuing to preach in Justus's liMU^e, -.hica joined to the Synagoaue, the Jews are incensed to srcb a degree as to rise tumultuously against Paul. Sos- thenos, therefore, the now chief ruler of the synagogue, and the rest TRB Bna ^ r ^ALl OF PAPAOT. unjust, that in that case he wV^ f. n ***''' '''''''''^' °' accused Paul «r „„thi„g I t,.; • '": 17'";"; '"* '"'"« ^"'^ relating to their own law and re i^on he Ld ' Th ''"'""' ""'"''"• and therefore he drove them a away and . '"'''"VV,'^ "'*' ^''"'"^ made the Gentiles full upon So.thoZ' T u ! ^"^ *' ''^"*^' *»"«»» and beat him befor. J;dg^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ done and connived at, citherVs ^ 1^ 2 h l' 'T""™'^ treated, or as supposing it might prevent the Jol f '"""* ^ »* -«> tiously and tumultuously again Tow aVf.'^u*'*'"" '"'"'"- account of this history, it wilbe eal^ t" '^"'^ ^' *«♦ groundless, nay, false Orotiurv ^ "'" '^"^ preeariou, and against .«;« a'ndt£n:rir:f\TT"°^ had been any such thing, or any d^ct' if *r""' ^*"" ''^'"^^ tolerate a public synagoaue of tL t ' .' ""^ *"'"*' «"•»« t<^ openly r or'if the cLisSswere onw2 "1 f't' ^""^ *« P"*^^ did not the Jews use this as th ereaaou ^f ttl ^ ?''"""*^' ^^^ to be sure, wanted not a good-^H t! V '*"°"'""« ^'"^' '^>^ ignorant that this would have beli thl "' "' ""' ^"''^ °°* the proconsul ? And had Tere be en «" ",' T''^' '" P''''^''" -''» thatealUowcre ignorantof t rXVeLTh T' '^ ''^ ™''«'°- the Jews that he had no orders to nL. " ^'"' "'^'"g he tello sentiments that way, ^^^^ZtZT^^'r^r"" '^ lewd ess in life. If any sav th„t hi! 7 * ^ '^'^ wickedness or these things, I answer [hLL-- "" ''"" '" """' ^"' '^«"* «*' butlsnppl; itspoaTs;:::h7or:;7aTr^^^^^ ^e-t. his temper, timent, as judging it unrighteous to perslL or ! ^T^'" "^^ ~°^ mere opinion. But, whatever this had re^had th "t ""^ "*" '**^ for persecuting the Christians or Jews 1 , * "« ^b««»^ any edict his orders, especially when the edict must harK "' " ""' "*'«'**'*** when he had what might have passed f„t .. '" '*''*"*• "^^ both the party accusing" and the pal abused" "",' ' '^ P"""'^"* ing ras he might have represented Y;^ TT' T"' *^'^ ^"^^l" deed, it is too plain to need ant Li T"'" ^' ""'• ^'r in- ing the Jewsou't Of KomTwasL'c Cir;^^^^^^^^ against them or against the rh.;«»:„r :_'I'?.''^_P"«"<="««n. «Hher ,„,.. .^.^^ j^jg ^^ Hammond eon- lid A DlSOOUBSr CONCERNING firms by what he says in his Annotations on Acts xxvi, 86, forgetting that this way he destroys his foundation of interpreting the Revela- tion, where, upon these words of Luke, that Agrippa, Festus, and Berenice and the rest of the company, after they had heard Paul's defence, did conclude that he had done nothing that deserved either death or imprisonment, the Doctor observes, that the reason they did Conclude so was, because there had been as yet no edict emitted against the Christians by any of the Emperors ; and this was the reason also, says he, why Gallio, the pro-consul of Achaia, said publicly that it was not for him to judge of things that the Roman laws had determined nothing about ; for, continues the Doctor, though Claudius had commanded the Jews to leave Italy, by which the Chris. tian Jews were forced to go away also, not as they were Christians, but because they were Jews, yet there was no law made against Chris- tians, as such, at this time. It is true, he says, that John was not only banished, as Aquila and Precilla were, but confined in the Isle of Patmos ; but he shivdd have given the reason why John was the only person persecuted. However I shall examine this assertion, and the reason that the Doctor gives for it in other places of his Annota- tions. We come, therefore, now, in the second place, to consider the testi- mony of Epiphanius, upon whose credit alone Grotius and Hammond believe that John was in Patmos in Claudius's time. And here, by the way, I cannot forbear to observe the strange mistake of Dr. Light- foot, who agrees in the main with these learned men, in interpreting the Revelation in relation to the Jews befoi-e the destruction of Jeru- salem, and therefore make John to see these visions long before that ; but has this peculiar to himself, that he imagines John was not banished there, but went thither voluntarily to preach the Gospel to the inhabitants ; whereas, John himself doth expressly tell us that he was there as a suflFerer and witness for Christ; "I, John, who also am your brother and companion in tribulation, and in the kingdom and patience jof Sesus Christ, was in the isle that is called Patmos, for the word of God, and for the testimony of Jesus Christ." (Rev. i. 9.) So that as this refutes Dr. Lightfoot, and confirms what Grotius and Hammond agree in, that John was not in Patmos as a traveller, but as a prisoner and sufFerer, so it is enough to refute even them also ; for the words do plainly insinuate that John was not the only perse- cuted man at this time, but that there was then a persecution raised against all Christians in "'eneral ; and thor6foro wo Hi^y be assured RISK AND FALL OF THE PAPAOT. tlS that ho wag not in that island in the days of Claudius, iu whose time we have proved there was no persecution. But to return ; Epiphanius says, indeed, that John saw his visions in Patmosm the reign of Claudius. (Heres. li. sect. 12, 83.) But can tis single authority weigh down all antiquity that says the contrary f shall we beheve him rather than Irena^us, who lived two hundred mZIuTZ '"'"'' T'^ ''"" *'' ''''^'^" '^ ^°^^'««^P' '^' ^oJ^ol^r of John ^Zt n "\^*.^'^'^/« ^"^'-'^ t^"-^ tl^e words of Iren^us: That f his name (viz., that of Antichrist, or the Beast,) had been openly to be divulged as this time, it would no doubt have been told by him that saw the Apocalyptical visions ; for it is not a lonKtimc since he saw these, but even in some sense in our own time viz to- wards the end of the reign of Domitian." And that Iren^us had juL; reason to say that John's seeing the Revelation was almost in his ^wn time, or within the memory of the men of that generation, if not of hig own also, is plain fi-om chronology ; for he being the scholar of Poly- carp who was martyred in the year of Christ 167, and being himself pu to death in the year 202, if we suppose that he wrote this but ten or twelve years before his death, yet he might justly say that there was but about an age's difference from his time and that wherein John Baw his Revelation ; for if John was iu Patmos towards the end of Do- XZ " 7^' "' "'f r* '° '°'"''' "^ "^y P^^P"'^*^ of «P«ech. than the year 90 seeing he began his government in the year 81, and died 96. And who can doubt but Iren«,us does deliver here what his mas- ter Polycarp had told him? for as none knew the history of Jo^a better than that worthy person, so none had better opportunity to know what related t« this matter than Iren^us, by reason of his W on ^f 7*f,'^;'l"'^'"*f "«° ^^ith him. This seemed a foundation surf enough of old to Euscbius, and if some men had not some private o^ .to promote by opposing it, might be a sufficient foundation to alf men etill Let us therefore hear what this learned historian says on this head:- ' In those days," says Eusebius (viz., it the days of Cerdo Ignatius, and Simeon, of whom he had been spcak.i%), ... the apostle John, the beloved disciples, was yet alive, inspecting the Churches of Asia, having returned, after Domitian's death from the island whither he had been banished. Now that John was yet alive, it is enough to adduce the testimony of two persons of great authority, who are worthy of all belief, and were ever eminent for defending the truth • I mean Irenteus and Clemens Alfivanflvinua. the fr-f n' -^ • '• •eecond book against heresies, speaks thus;-«AU the presbyters,' sayi 114 A DISCOTTRSB COXCEEJflNff Ircnseus 'trho lived famillnrly with tho AposUc John in Amn, do as- «ure ns that they had this related to them from John himself; for he l.ved with them oven unto the times of Trajan.' In his third book, also, Trcna,«s gives us the same account in these words : ♦ Tho Church of Ephesus, also, which was founded by the Apostle Paul, and was afterwards under the care of the Apostle John, until Trajan's time, is an eminent witness of what was delivered to us by tlie apostle.' And besides him, 'Clemens likewise,' says Eusebins, 'does not only. take notice at the same time, but gives a particular story relating to him in tljat book of his. which bears this title, 'What rich man can bo sared ? " (Euseb. Eccl. Hist., lib iii. c. 23.) And then Eusebius re- cites tho story at length, which is too long to insert here Now if John lived to the days of Trajan, he must have been a pro- digiously old man, according to Epiphanius, who says he was ninety years of age in Claudius's time. For giving him all the allowance can be desired namely, that John was so old in the last year of Claudius, and ihat he died in the fa-st year of Trajan, he must have been one hundred and thirty f.,.v years old at least when he died, seeing Claudius died a.d. 54, and Trajan did not begin to mgn unhl the year 98, though other., say, with more probabihty. not T t?.\ ^'''^' ^^^'^""^ ^^**' '^ '« ^°t ««^«y t° b«lievo that so thoughtful and laborious a man should live so long, the improbability Of what Epiphanius says appears further from this, that if in the year 64, from Christ's bia-th, John was ninetytyears of age, ho must have been th,rty-six older than Christ. And if so, it seems vory odd that Christ shbuld say to him from the cross, "Man, behold thy mother;" *nd to Mary, " Woman, behold thy son." (John lix. 25, 27.) For as this seems to say that he was at least aa young as Christ, this account mak«8 him an old man of near seventy years of age at that time; which, as it must suppose Mary to be a very aged person of between eighty and ninety at least, so it contradicts the constant and unani- moiis tradition of tho Church, which supposes him to be very young at that'time. Whence Baronius says he was but twenty-five years old. And Nicephorus relates out of an epistle of Evodius, bishop of An- tioch, that the Virgin herself was not then fifty, seeing Christ as he as.scrts, was born when she was but fifteen years old. Whence it appears how little we ought to trust Epiphanius, inoppo- Bitiontoall antiquity besides. Which made Drusus say: '• Scimvs pmnof Epiphanium in multis graviUr haJlucmatum." (Lib. xiv., Obser., fsp. 21.) And upon the fame account Petavius scruples not to cor- Nff Ic John in Aeia, do as- i John himself; for he .' In his third book, c words : ' Tho Church Ipostle Paul, and was until Trajan's time, is by the npostlo.' And s, 'does not only. take story relating to him rhat rich man can bo And then Eusebius re- sert here. must hare been a pro- ho says he was ninety him all the allowance 1 in the last year of r of Trajan, he musk s old at least when ajan did not begin to more probability, not ;asy to believe that so )ng, the improbability lis, that if in the year of age, ho must have it seems \£>ry odd that , behold thy mother;" 1 xix. 25, 27.) For as IS Christ, this account of ago at that time; ged person of between ) constant and unani- him to be very young twenty-five years old. rodivLB, bishop of An- , seeing Christ as ho 1 old. t Epiphanius, in oppo- >rnsus say : " Seimvs " (Lib. xiv., Obser., 18 scrnjics not to cor- TKE RISE AND FALL OF PAPACY. 115 reotlnra, for where he has it " Tmperante Claudia'^' he writes this ehort note m the margin, "Mendosepro Bomitiano." » Tlj,,„ro rtoa ,r„l,„ „„,„ ,1,0 Rovolation; which it sel.he r,ri! , ^! , '""'^°'""' •'»»'' i »"ve that John was not f so, the foundat jn of that these corollaries and remain as certain ate neither to the Ro- lerusalem by Titus, hurch and her adver- ser the eversion of the sader to observe the subjects treated of in 'rite the things which le things which shall pee things are distin- lamely, the emblems, had been objected to in, 2nd, The things len John was in Pat- >articularly the seven ion, and to which he rd. The things which sal part of the book, irom the first verse ed to both the former ce of a trumpet, talk- and write the things ablematically, which other things men- THE 8I8E Al^D FALL OP PAPACT. ci^n; :;i^ S:^ - -s, namely, .« t.en present ~: ^;::;r tr::;- -^-- «^- -- -s boo. for any long time, seeing i;:irtlt':f V"' "'"'' "' *^« ^^^^^^ the Revelation (i. n ^L short^ ^'' ^^""^^ prophesiesd of in * double explicaLif t,re:; t^^^^^^^ '' ^^ ^^^ "«'"« ^ ^-« Whether we are to stick so "C X oTi', f' ' ''' ''' '' ' ^^^ as to reject the explication given ott l?;.* ''"* ^^^P°«^«-' veryproper, indeed, when som AT '"''''"6 P^'^^'es ? Itwas then present state o^he ChS ^i"^: ^" ""« ^^^ did concern the the future condition of it, to sly ZiT '^' *'"^' ''' '''"'' *« related to things that we;e shSvt I" '' ^' *^"* *^« P^^P^ecy were those things to be Jon f^Jed ^T '" ^''''- '^°'^"^« ^^'o^^Y A3ia at that time, but the ot^t' ^^^^^^^^^^ ">« Churches o^^ their begun accomplishment Bu Z -'" ''-"' ^' '""^^ "Po« whole of this book was to be atoir TJ^f'' "'* '"""^'^^ ^^'^^ the i- 19. iv. 1,) that what reTatedrSe « °^^"' "^ "« *^^^ ^'«- and fall out afterwards. And that 1^.!,'/"' *" ^' ^'complished extent of this prophecy, w7are Ld T ;^'^' ""^ ^'«^^ «ee the full are brought to t^' co^u^lZnlt aZl^T T' '"^ "^'^^' *^" - «g that we have proved that thl b,^i ^ '* ^"'*- ^^ °ow. see- tion of Jerusalem, we must destl T ""^"'^ '^^^^ ^^e destruc- else to which the; can ": omrrt^^^^^^^^ *^ '''' outsomething before we quit our interpreSn ^ f t^""' "^ ^^'^ Revelationf ^houghtheycanofferusroSrinT "^ '''''^^ *^^^ ^«»»^« i^ until they be able to enlightnfur J^'T^'" f "" '""''■ ^ "^at that of Grotius, which wela " LfficTent t T Tf ''' "'^"»« "'- must be bold to lay down this furfZ. n "^'^ ^"''^^ '^^"ted, I our first postulatui in^e prec"^„; Z'^' ^'^^' '' *^« ««"« -^^ Third corol. That the Rpv i .^ »^«course. markable even as a^d chang^^tftrs^^^ ? "^^*' "^^ '^^ *^« - the end of the world ' '**'** °^ *^^ Christian Church to Third proposition tT« 1 "" Proposition also. fl 118 A DKCOURSB CONOEJRNlNd II : ^ii„ I might (lemonstrato this, were it needful. But seeing it malccS nothing for my design which way soever men understand it, I shall say nothing to it now ; especially because the learned Witius, my pro- fessor and master formeny, has suflBcicntly demonstrated what I assert in this proposition, in his ''Diatribe de Septem Epistolnriim Apocahjp- ticarum sentu Ilistorico ct Prophetico," published in his «• 3Iiacellanea Sacra." And neither have I time to prove other propositions, that might ap- pear more necessary ; only seeing the key of interpreting the Apoca- lypse, which the angel gives John (Rev. xvii.), is so very plain, I can- not but build another proposition upon it. Fourth proposition. Babylon the Great, or the Apocalyptical Beast, taken in a general sense, as it is represented with its seven heads and ten horns, is no other than an emblem of the Roman Empire. For boeidee that Dr. Cresscner and others have proved this, the text itself is demonstration enough to all those tliat will be at pains atten- tively and impartially to consider it. For seeing the angel doe* ex- pressly say that by this was meant the eeven-hilled city (Rev. xvii. 9), and the city that then did leign over the kings of the earth (verse 18), I cannot imagine what he could have said more plainly upon this head. But seeing h« represents the empire under the peculiar considera- tion of its being governed by a woman, who is called the gy eat whore, or sdultress, therefore this lays the foundation for another proposition. Fifth propotition. The seven-headed beast, more especially con- sidered a« it is represented as rid upon by the whore, doth represent B^me to us as it is under ike eeclesiastieal goremment of the Pi^Nicy, or apostate Church of Rome. This the angel doth sufficiently insinuate (Bey. xvii. 8) when he says :—" The Beast which thou saweat was, and yet is not at this time ;" that is, The Beast which thou sawest is indeed the same Romaa Empire which was before, and was represented to thee (Rev. xiii. 1) ; but it is not yet in another sense, viz., as now thou beholdes it, under I the rule of a whore, or the apostate Church of Rome ; for this last ecclsiastical form of government is not jet come, but it is to come (when it ariseth) out of the bottomless pit, in orwor to go thither again into endless perdition. And if this be once granted, then that will naturally follow Which ij »m to fcprcBcnt as another position. I. But seeing it malccs n understand it, I shall learned Witius, my pro- monstratcd what I assert n Epistolariim Apocahjp- led in his •• Miscellanea positions, that might ap- intcrprcting the Apoca- ), is so very plain, I can- the Apocalyptical Beast, with its seven heads and Roman Empire, ave proved this, the text It will be at pains atten- eing the angel does^ex- lilled city (Rev. xvii. 9), I of the earth (verse 18), more plainly upon this ' the peculiar considera- i caUed the great vhore, for another proposition. t, more especially oon* e whore, doth represent remmenjb of the Vvpuoy^ (Bev. ztU. 8} when he and yet is not at th!.<> indeed the same Roman id to thee (Rev. xiii. 1); ' thou beholdes it, under | of Rome ; for this last lome, but it is to come or<..or to go thither again naturally follow which I ^« BiSiC AND FALL OF TArACT. "'••'■ei^cust, a.e no other Tn ihf '■"'"^''"^•''^ '^ the seven head, -; - .a succe.w,y oi^rrnXirs--- -- those Grotius «.ed upon, .-^ Z^^ -P-rs, at least not of f-^ted. Ana. therefore, sooin. five ofth . ""'^ ""^ ^"''^ "'^•"^d^ ^o- -;nt were fallen in John'^ tlf t,™ ^^^''^ Roman govern, ^^cemv.rs, and military tribunes 1; I '■:/'"^'^' ««"««'«, dictators, >n being then, we have no re.^on 1 . '"'■'*^' '"'' "^"* ^^ich wai P-tation, until more he sa ag. Lu 7, ''''' ^"' ""''^ ^ -^e " duced to the world. ^ * '* *^''" ^''^V has been yet pro- r^r^^^^^^^^^ both as to«mc. fear to attempt the demonstration of, T"'""' ^"^^' ^ «^^««'d no proceed to others that wouW ^ ^ ft^t^'*^* P^P-'tions, and to ^;nstjlof that method of Lerp^e ^ r^" "'' '^'""^ '°""'*- generahty of Protestants are a3 "f « .^*^^''^"°» 'h»«"» the enough for this place to secure tfe'rin' , f ^ ^'^'^ ^ ^avo said ttmgs which I proposed at ZsLnl « 2' ' ' «° "P*""' "^^ -^ich the proved. And seeing my JnclZT' ""' ^ *'''°''. sufficiently -as to refute the hyporhLrtharOroT"" ^^^^^^^ ""is postscript [eave it to the *andid and impartia^th ''\*°^ """""^"^ ^o upon J : **- not said enough to P^eTtol ^^^^^^^^ ''' -ader whoL; I ' And now, seeing everv « altogether precarious. •t-igLtened.hothfsrtLrd:at "* '^" ""-^ ^ ^- been '•^aderwill pass the morTflvol^^ ' '" ^''^ P^^^^-'Pt, I hope^^ calculation of time which I have r^n , ^ """***"' '"^^''H *>' thj ' tbing obscure or confused, Te ?tL?T J" '''''^' '^ there be any! Sr^K ''■ ^"^^ «'-« ^ have advl:!!^^^^^^ ''"^ ^-P'^^h ha's time but by way of conjecture, nor 127 "* "" "'*"«» *« ^-ture "ake a moise about little mistaTes Thit u ^' ^"'"'' ^" -h'le ?o' K«% of through haste or l.^Z^^Z J""''''''' ^ ""^^ ^are h J v,..n.,.. Xiutif any person shall tak," ij !■** lao THE BISB AKD FALL OF Pi^ACT. occasion, from what I have said, to study the Apocalypse to better advantage than I have attained to do, and shall give the world a better built and more clearly connected scheme of the visions of this book, I assure him that none shall more rejoice in such a performance than I, «nd I shall be one of the first to return him my best thanks for refut- ing me. For truth is all I seek after ; and that it may ever, and in All respects prevail^ is, and shall be, my constant prayer and study. Ill O. B. THOMAS & CO. rWNTERS, ST. tAWHENCE HUIIiDIKGB, TOEONTO. £U ACIlAh. T'-f- :t- -r j4j '--1 w '*< f ' \ „ i> •\r •prT? t... I. ^^1 'iidt ^M^ • ; -^ im • 1 1 •1 "itrii '!f.:ii itl;Hv: i*-.t k;: l:?/ ('., :■, ■tj ! :hv '^ -.'■■' c...!- ■; /■('d : ''Ti