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Second Edition. m TORONTO! .TAMES BATN & S(tV, ,39 ICING STREET. HAST. C-'b'Sr ^^"3 a '^ ^ 5, ?r 97/ t^ PREFACE. Tfiis small work is intended to supply a want felt hy the Amateur Florist, viz. : such a guide to tlie tivat- uumt of the various flowering plants as will enable him, though the merest tyro in gardening, to cultivate then', successfully. Many very valuable works on the subject of Floricniltun^ have issued from the press of Britain and America, l)ut I am not aware of any that has addressed itself, as is pro- posed here, to the mere beginner. Some are limited to the cultivation of particular classes of plants : others are too elaborate and expensive ; while some again are mere cata- logues, or (when published in Britain) are, however, useful in the hands of the more experienced gardener, necessarily unsuited to the beginner in this Province, where the climate is so very different from that for which they were intended In this respect the Cottage Florist may be relied on with safety, prepared, as it as been, from the experience of one who has been long a cultivator of flowers here. Trusting, then, that this unpretending volume may meet the want thus felt, and tend to promote a taste for the beautiful— civilizing and elevating the community— the author places it in the hands of the public. I I CONTENTS. PAGE. Aspect and Position for a Flower Garden 8 Soils suitable for Garden 9 How to lay out a Flower Garden 10 Styles of Flower Gardens 11 Formation of Garden Walks 1 1 Plants Suitable for Edging Walks 12 Classitication of Flowering Plants 1-^ List of Flowering Shrubs 16 List of II Perennials 18 List of II Biennials 28 List of II Annuals 33 List of II Bulbs and Tubers 39 List of II Green-house Plants, for planting out ^18 List of .1 Climbing Plants 49 Monthly Calendar 52 y I lEhe Itottage Florist. ^HE love of flowers is so inherent a portion of our 'M\ nature that tliere are few who do not enjoy their beauty and sweetness, displaying as they do the most brilliant colours, the most delicate organization, the most fragrant perfumes. Indeed, he must be of a brutish nature who cannot appreciate their loveliness, and feel his soul expand with gratitude and praise to the Divine Being, wlioso Goodness, Power and Wisdom, are thus manifested, clothing the Lily with purity and decki^ng the Rose with loveliness. To surround himself with these attractive and pleasure-giving objects is the desire of e\ery one who can appreciate the beautiful in Nature as in Art : and to devote his leisure to their cultivation and study, the aim of each plodder in the tracks of busi- ness or science. "Delightful task to rear the tender plant," To watch from day to day the ever changing, ever pleas- ing, phases of the garden, to trace the beauteous develop- ment of bud and leaf, and blossom ; and then what amusement so harmless, and yet so interesting, as to prepare the soil, and train the gradually expanding loveli- ness of its denizens. The pleasing anticipation, the anxious solicitude, the gratifying results, all tend to keep the 1 •i ii 8 THE COTTAGE FLORIST. JL luincl in tliat deliglitful feeling of susnense, hope, and gratification, which constitutes perhaps the truest nioital happiness. How natural, then, that the weary labourer, the intelligent nieclianic, the man of business or of literature, the learned professor, the shrewd lawyer, or the hard- working clergyman, should seek to solace his mind and drive away his toil, his care, his anxiety, in the enjoyment and repose of his garden. In our free and happy Dominion of^ Canada, there need be few who cannot enjoy this attractive feature in the family home. Yet while the love of flowers is thus common, and the possession of a gardei- so desirable, disappointment and annoyance so frequently mar the efforts of beginners, that they give up in disgust a pursuit apparently only tantalizirj and fruitless. With a view to remedy this, and aid ard encourage such, those pages are now issued. My design is not to enter elaborately into the subj'ct, but by a few plain directions and simple rules to enable every one to be his own gardener, and render that, a pleasure w hirh is so often a source of annoyance. In floriculture, as in everything else, much of the success attending it will depend upon the judgment and care taken in laying the foundation. Presuming, then, that the garden has to be made out of what may have been mere common, — and probably the house or cottage erected — the fii-st thing to settle should be its ASPECT AND POSITION. This will of course depend in a W ge measure on that of the buildings, but if suitable thereto, the most favourable THK COTTAfiE FL(»KIST. 9 se, hope, and truest inoital Bary labourer, r of literature, or the hard- tiis mind and ;he enjoyment ^anada, there feature in the imon, and the ointment and of beginners, parently only remedy this, ) now issued, 3 subj'ct, but ) enable every ileasure w hich of the success nd care taken 3 made out of probably the btle should be re on that of st favourable aspect would be one facing Westward, and it should be protected on the North and East from cold winds, either by the buildings, fences or hedges. If placed so that the parlour, dining, or sitting room windows open on it, so much the better, as then its beauties will form an atti-active and pleasing object viewed from within the dwelling; cheering the inmates, especially the female members of the household whilst engaged in their domestic duties ; but communication with the kitchen department and back premises should be made if possible elsewhere ; so as to prevent too much thoroughfare, to the endangering of beds and plants. A gentle slope will be rather an advantage if falling from the house, but at all^ events the ground must be free from great irregularities in height and hollow. If of small extent it should be made perfectly level. THE SOIL Best suited for the successful culture of most flowers is a light, friable loam, neither too light and sandy nor too heavy and rich, and by no means stiff or clayey. If the position chosen does not meet these requirements it must be made so, eitlier by the addition of sand, lime, road sweepings, etc., to clayey land, or of decayed turf, cow-dung, clayey loam, to light sandy soil ; — whatever the soil may originally be, after levelling off, the whole should be well dug and manured with thoroughly rotten dung, leaves or decayed vegetable matter ; as on the proper pieparation of the soil at the lirst will depend much of the future beauty of the garden. If, unfortunately, the subsoil or stratum of earth underlying -Lhe top or surface soil be of a hard I III 10 THE COTT.V(iE FLORIST. clayey nattire, it will be well to put in a few drains to carry off the superabundant moisture ; these may be made either of the usual drain tiles, or of wooden boxes, and should be at least two feet from the surface of the soil, with a gentle fall and proper outlet ; the benefit will be seen in the earlier 'condition of the soil for work, and the healthier state of the plants. The situation and aspect being settled, the ground thoroughly prepared, and the intending flbrist having also decided as to the style or manner in which he intends to lay it out, he should draw out the PLAN On paper, according to scale ; and here I would remark that serious errors often arise from adopting plans which, however suitable to one garden, are quite unsuited for another— arranging, for instance, a spot of about twenty square feet on a plan only suited to an acre lot, or a quarter acre lot on that of a ten acre garden. Should the space allotted to the Flower Garden he small, say from twenty to fifty feet square, a simple geometrical figure will look best. If a space of one hundred feet be devoted to the flower garden, the whole may be sown with lawn gra.ss, shrubbery planted round the sides and in clumps, and the beds neatly cut out; but nothing looks worse than to .';ee a small garden where the flowers are hidden by rank grass, there are thus two distinct styles of laying out the pleasure garden, known as the (geometrical or part rre and the picturenque eacli having as above stated its peculiar ap- propriateness. THE COTTAGE FLORIST. 11 few drains to may be made m boxes, and ;e of the soil, lenefit will l)e ivork, and the , the ground 3t havina: also he intends to ivould remark J plans which, unsuited for about twenty bcre lot, or a . Should the lall, say from cal figure will be devoted to ;h lawn grass, imps, and the than to see a •y rank grass, i the pleasure rre and the peculiar ap- THE PARTERRE STYLE Of oarden is by far the best where the space is limited, and affords a tine field for the exercise of taste— a series of ovals, circles, octagons, pentagons or squares, may be easily combined in one harmonious whole, carefully avoid- ing aiiy figure with sharp angles, and arranging all so that they may tend to a central point ; the general couf d'ml will then be harmonious and lovely. No minute directions can here be given for forming such plan, the shape of the land and style of adjacent structures materially affecting it. I repeat, therefore, the suggestion to draw it out first on paper, according to a regular scale taken from actual measuren\ent of the land itself, and then proceed to transfer the design to the land, previous to doing which, however, it should be either well ploughed or dug, manured and leveled. This done, begin by marking out with wooden stakes the boundaries of your se^■el■al walks and figures, carefully measuring from point to point as in your draught plan. When the whole design has been as it were traced in stakes, on the soil, liegin to fo'rm the WALKS, By removing a portion of the soil and throwing it on the adjacent beds. If it is desired to make more perfect work, they should be dug to the depth of at least two feet, filled with broken bricks or stone to the depth of twelve inches or m^v^^, then about six inches of smaller stone, finishing with three or four inches of clean gravel, you will then hay? a 12 THE COTTA<}E FLORIST. good hard dry walk even in the wettest weatlier, besides the advantages of draining. AN EDGING. Or border should now be formed round the several beds, marking them out by stakes and thus showing the intended walks, and this should be done previous to completing the walks. The best edging is undoubtedly one formed of Box {Buxics Semper virens), for though the (irst cost may be greater than many other things used for that purpose, its greater durability, neatness and distinctness, will always place it first in the list of edging plants. The best time to plant is about the 10th of May, and the method of doing so, as follows : with a sharp spade cut a slight trench neatly along the line about six inches deep, then take your plants, which may have been previously separated into small pieces* (each of which, however, should have some rootlets attached) and place them regularly in the trench with one hand, while with the other you draw some soil up to them. Proceed thus till all has been planted, then fill in your soil and gently press with the foot, finishing with graveling of tho walk : water the whole thoroughly to settle the soil about the plants, and trim the tops neatly with a pair of garden shears. In winter, a slight protection may be given. Should Box be thought too expensive, there are several other plants which may be used, such as the Iris huniilin Statice Armeria^ Phlox Subulata, Thyme, Pheasant's Eye Pink, Allysum, Gentian, Southern Wood, or Grass : there have also been recently introduced several kinds of artificial edgings, made of iron, stone and wood. But non^ of these can for a moment bear comparison with eather, besides THE COTTAGE FLORIST. 13 J several beds, g the intended 3onipleting the formed of Box cost may be xt purpose, its ;s, will always le best time to 3thod of doing b trench neatly :e your plants, :o small pieces> tlets attached) ne hand, while jem. Proceed your soil and aveling of tho the soil abour pair of garden lay be given, re are several e Irifi huniilis- heasant's Eye 1, or Grass ; veral kinds of I wood. But iparison with I Box Your work is now done and the parterre only awaits the processes of planting and sowing to render it a thnig of beauty and of life. Should the extent of the contemplated garden warrant the adoption of THE PICTURESQUE STYLE, The first thing to be done will be to have the land thor- oughly dug or ploughed, and manured, (if this is done m the fall, and repeated next spring, so much the better), so as to form a lasting bed to nourish grass and plants for years ; early in the spring, let the whole be sown with clean Timothy Grass and White Clover, and well rolled with a heavy roller, raked, and again rolled. Nothing further should be done that season but to keep rolling every other week. The ensuing spring a fine uniform tur will be formed which if carefully mown once a week will present a velvety, clean carpet, out of which to cut your beds for flowers. Proprietors impatient of this delay of a vear often seek to save time by putting on turf from some ;ommon at hand, but have afterwards to regret their hurry by the introduction into the garden of many noxious weeds, thistles, dandelions, &c., as well as from the irregular appearance of the whole. Take time, therefore, that you muy Jo it the faster, and better. Good taste, an eye to harmony, and sound judgment, can alone direct to the pn.per arrangement of the flower-beds and borders in this style of garden. It admits of a larger introduction of Flowering Shrubs, and Trees, and greater variety in the shape and design of the several beds, but no ■A :\ 14 THE (COTTAGE FLORIST. rule can be laid down that will compensate for the want of the principle of beauty and harmony, in the mind. In laying out a garden in this style therefore, it is useless attempting to draw plans on papei*, all must depend upon the judgment and taste of the gardener — some rules may, however, be wisely observed : 1st. In cutting out the beds or flower plots, nover make them so large but that you can easily reach the centre from some point with an ordinary hoe or rake. 2nd. Let there be proportionately more of these flower- beds near the dwelling than in the distance. 3rd. An undulating border of, say, live or six feet, or at least a succession of beds, ought invariably to be formed on each side of the main pathway to the dwelling house. All further arrangement must be left to the taste of the ovvner. Whichever style of garden has been thus formed, either the geometrical or the picturesque, we have as yet only prepared, as it were, the canvas on which to paint the future picture. And when we have raked and moulded to shape the several beds or compartments, we have but pro- duced the plain shield on which hereafter to emblazon our triumphs. Yet if the work has been done as already directed, the future operations of the Florist will be materially aided. Henceforth he will require t ^ exercise his mind in reflecting on the probable results of the relative position of plants, the harmonious blending of colours, the natural habits of plants, their height, hardiness, and other qualities. This is the work now before him ; it constitutes the difference between tho Florist, who makes the works of God his study, who calculates with precision the result to flow from every act he performs in his garden, and the THE C'OTTAUE FLORIST. 16 for the want of mind. ire, it is useless 3 depend upon >nie rules may, ts, never make he centre from f these flower- six feet, or at ) be formed on ig house. All } of the ovvner. formed, either '^e as yet only to paint the nd moulded to have but pro- emblazon our ready directed, be materially se his mind in ive position of 1, the natural ther qualities. )nstitutes the the works of the result to rden, and the mere possessor of a piece of land stuck full of plants, unknown and uncared for. The novice in gardening must expect liis first attempts to fail in producing the effects he desires when planting oi" sowing ; experience in this will be his best teacher, Imt he should from the first learn never to place a plant in the soil nor sow a seed where it is intended to flowei-, without first considering what will be its effect in that position, how its colour will harmonize with adjacent plants, or* beds ; whether from its height it may not be either lost sight of by taller growing flowers, or itself overshadow those of shorter growth. Some assistance in determining these points will be found in the following pages. Where the size of the garden allows of it, a very effective display is made by devoting the several beds to but one flower. For example, filling each bed separately, say with Verbenas or Geraniums, Candytufts, Phlox Drummondii, etc., of one colour ; but where the flower-loving but unfortunately poorer amateur has but small space at his disposal he must be content with . a few plants which, however, if well cultivated will afford him greater pleasure, when so placed as to assist each other's beauty. Plants in a floriculture sense may be classed under five divisions, viz : Shrubs, Perennials, Biennials, Annuals and Bulbs. To these may indeed be added, for large gardens. Trees, but for most cottage gardens, these are quite inadmissible. SHRUBS Are hardy and for the most part deciduous plants — that is, casting their foliage every winter, and having many of the J() THE COTTAGE FLORIST. ohaiacteristics of Trees. As they are to be permanent in their positions in the garden, they are generally the first thing put in. There are several of tliem highly ornamental, and by no means to be neglected. Of these the Daphne. Mezereum, whose blossoms of reddish purple, clustering the naked branch* s almost before the snow has left bare the ground, render it a very desirable denizen of the garden ; Ainyydalis couuminia Jlonv phmo, (the ],>ouble Flowering Almond, following up the preceding with a biilliant l)lush of rosy blossom ; Vibtirnum Opulus, (the Snow Ball), bearing its bunches of light white flowers like balls of snow ; the Weiyellia rosea, the Cydonia Jafoiiica, Berber is Cana- densis (the Barberry), Halesia, (the Snow-Drop Tree), Syringa persica (the Lilac), Spirea Doitglasii, Arbutus (the Strawberry Tree), Symphora (the Snowberry), Artemisia (Southern Wood), Deutzia, Scabra and Gracilis — very handsome and delicate-looking shrubs, with beautiful white flowers, flowering early in spring, and seldom growing higher than three feet ; but, above all Rosa (the Rose)- claim a place in every garden where the space will allow. In many cases the extent of the garden may not admit of much shrubbery, but none can afford to do with, out the Rose. With our severe winters, and dry, hot summers, it is diflicult to bring the Queen of Flowers to the perfection attainable in Britain, but the skilful florist must accustom himself to meet and overcome difticulties. The Rose is held in high estimation by all civilized nations, for the delicacy of its colours and universally grateful odour. It varies in colour from a deep carmine to pure white, and from purple to yellow. It delights in a rich loamy soil and plenty of water, and a handful of guano put around J ^7^"^^ THE C()TTA(iB FLORIST. 17 >e permanent in nerallv the first jhly ornamental, lese tiie Daphne e, clustering the as left bare the of the garden ; juhle Flowering I brilliant l)lush le Snow Ball), e balls of snow ; Berberis Cana- ow-Drop Tree), i*. Arbutus (the erry), Artemisia Gracilis — very beautiful white seldom growing osa (the Rose)- the space will garden may not ford to do with. s, and dry, hot II of Flowers to 16 skilful florist ome difficulties, ivilized nations, ' grateful odour, pure white, and rich loamy soil mo put around the roots each spring, greatly improves the bloom. For the same reason, viz.: its power of impoverishing the soil, it should be transplanted from place to place every third year. There are several varieties, as the China, or Tea-Scented, the Noisette, the Hybrid Perpetual, and Bourbon, with many sub-divisions, the Moss, the Cabbage, etc. The China and the Noisette are, however, too delicate to stand our winters, and are, therefore, better adapted for the green- house than the garden. The Hybrids will be the better of some protection at the same time. A good plan for all Roses is to lay two or three spadefuls of stable manure all around the roots in the fall, bend the shoots down, and throw over them a spadeful or two of soil, or cover with brushwood, it not only protects them from frost, but by the washing in of the snow and rain nourishes the whole plant, or they may be neatly sheathed with straw, this will let them start earlier in the spring, but if the roots are covered with some stable litter they will do very well. A troublesome enemy to the Rose is the Aphis ; by shak- ing the bushes myriads of these yellowish-green Hies will be seen flying from it ; they settle under the leaves and suck the sap, causing them to become brown and withered, and so injuring its vitality, which in dry seasons renders the foliage a brown mass, utterly blasting the hopes of the florist. Syringing with diluted tobacco, soapy water, or slight lye, and afterwards washing by a thorough w^atering is the only remedy, but good culture seems to be the best protection from the assaults of all the insect ^^'K% as thus the plants are better able to over- come ihaiv attacks. The Mosses and Hybrid Perpetuals are best suited for 2 18 THE COTTAGE FLORIST. ill the open ground as being hardier, and of tliese we have abundant variety. The best season for planting is as soon as the frost is out of the ground in Spring, say about the lirst week in March, In Britain this is generally done in N'ovember, but with our severe winters, March is best, as they would not be strong enough to stand the first winter, and when planted early in the Spring they get well rooted and are prepared to bear succeeding winters. Moss Roses should be pruned in pretty close ; Hybrid Perpetual not ([uite so much, and this is best in Spring, so soon as the buds appear. PERENNIALS form the bulk of garden decoration, they are so named because though seed-producing, and capable of being raised from seed, it is generally by divisions of the roots that they are propagated As they are to be permanent in their locale, or at all events remain in the same spot for some years, they naturally form the class of plants to follow that of shrubs. The following are the principal varieties : Aconituin, embracing the well-know^n Wolfsbane and Monkshood, and twenty or thirty other species not so well known. They are generally strong-growing plants, leaves much cut ; flowers in spikes, either blue, purple, or yellow : height about three feet, and will grow in any common garden soil ; in flower from end of June to September. The whole family are poisonous. Agrostemma (The Rose Campion), flowers either deep red or white, a hardy plant about two feet in height Alyssum (Madwort), a bright yellow flower about one i^si^^tSi^Mmi&iiij.^5i^i^3B these we have nting is as soon , say about the merally clone in [arch is best, as jhe first winter, get well rooted s. Moss Roses Perpetual not , so soon as the are so named of being I'aised 5 roots that they it in theiv locale, for some years, ) follow that of Wolfsbane and cies not so well g plants, leaves rple, or yellow : a any common to September. either deep red 3ight wer about one THE COTTA(JE FLORIST. 19 foot high, well adapted for r(jck-work or baskets, flowers early. Aquilegia (The Columbine), one of the Ranunculacea, is a hardy perennial, well known by its pendulous bell-shaped flowers, — there are now several varieties in cultivation, with colours white, pink, blue and purple ; they are often double flowered. Its height is about eighteen inches ; flowers in May and June. Asperula, hirta (Woodruff), a useful plant to contrast with Verbenas or Lantana ; bright blue flowers, fragrant ; one foot high. Astragalus purpureus, (Perennial Sweet Pea), some- what like the annual, flowers purple ; height about three feet ; needs support, does well for training on a trellis. AubrietAa, a dwarf herbaceous plant, about four inches high, with brilliant purple flowers, blooming early in the season. Bellis perrenis (The Daisy,) "wee crimson tipped flower" so attractive in British gardens, can with difficulty be preserved in our dry summers and severe winters ; due protection and shade can alone save it. Cerastium Biehersteinii, a new hardy perennial, producing a large show of delicate white flowers, about six inches high. Chdone, a native perennial, growing freely in any light rich soil ; flowers of a bright red ; height about three feet Conraliaria (Lily of the Valley), the delicacy of whose colour (tiny white bells) and delightful fragrance, renders it such a favourite with the young ladies ; requires very little culture, as once planted it is apt to run beyond bounds. 20 TIIK COTTA(»K FLORIST. I, • Coreopsis Auriculata, a perennial somewhat like the annual of the same family, flowers yellow ; height about two feet. Crucianella Stylosa, a native of the Poisian Mountains, bears a profusion of bright pink flowers ; height about one foot. Cypripedium (Ladies' Slipper or Moccasin Flower), a native plant of considerable beauty, somewhat resembling in its flowers the Calceolaria ; delights in a rather moist, shady situation, flowers white and pink or yellow ; height about one foot. Delphinium, (Larkspur), a perennial of the family so named, generally tall growing— the flowers usually a line blue, in some the stamens have the appearance of the abdomen of the bee, as if that insect were busily engaged extracting the sweets from the blossom, hence the popular name Bee Larkspur. There is a hybrid variety with white flowers ; average height three feet. Dianthus, this genu^- furnishes several of our flnest perennials, as the Carnai'on, one of o?^r most popular flowers, fragrant and b(iauuiul. Florists have three varie- ties of this plant. Flakes, which are striped of two colours Bizarres three, usually white, purple and scarlet ; and Pico- tees, these are pencilled or marked round the edges of the petals (which are generally of a white or yellow colour) with some shade of red or purple; and selfs, which are of one colour only ; it should be grown in a rich loam mixed with sand, and highly manured, and protected during the winter by a slight covering of straw, or better, lifted and potted in the fall, and kept in a cold frame or in a greenhouse. It is generally propagated by layering the shoots, or grass, as it is called ; ewhat like the '; height about "lian Mountains, Bight about one icasin Flov/er), vhat resembling a rather moist, yellow ; height ' the family so I usually a line earance of the busily engaged ce the popular iety with white of our finest most popular ive three vaiie- I of two colours rlet ; and Pico- ift edges of the )w colour) with re of one colour with sand, and nter by a slight ed in the fall, It is generally as it is called ; THK UOTTAUB FLORIMT. 21 this is (lone by forcing down thoso to the surface of tho soil, pegging them with a crooked stick to keep thfm in their place, slightly cutting the stem and covering with al)out two inches of earth. The best season for doing this is about the middle of August, and care should be taken to kt-ep them moist till roots have formed, which will be in abtjut six weeks, when they should be separated from the mother plant and put in pots till next spring. The Piyik, whose culture is precisely that of the al)Ove, is very fragrant, and when highly cultivated, beautifully marked with rings of pink, crimson or purple, on a pure white ground ; the average height is about two feet. The iSweet William, a garden in itself, rich in every shade of colour from the darkest crimson to pure white, mottled, marked or laced, forming a strong, handsome plant, and displaying a mass of flower ; it likes a rich but open soil, and is easily pro- pagated in the spring ; height about one foot. The double varieties are very tine, but require protection. Tliere are several hybrids formed between the Pink and Sweet William, known as mule pinks, which are very pretty. Pheasmit Eye Pink, another variety of pink with delicate grass-like leaves, and sending up a succession of stems with fragrant flowers, of white and pink, is often used as an edging plant ; height about one foot. Dielytra spectabilis (Bleeding Heart), is a modern intro- duction to the Flower Garden, but a very important one ; whether the season of flowering (early in June), the apparent delicacy of the whole plant, or the novelty and beauty of its heart-shaped flowers (pendant in racemes), like those of the Fuchsia — be considered, it must be reckoned a great acquisition. When first introduced, it was thought 22 THE COTTAGE FLORIST. Ill i \i to be too tender for our climate, but experience has shown it to be thoroughly hai-dy ; it grows freely in any good garden soil, requiring only division and replanting of the roots every third or fourth year. Digitalis (The Foxglove), well known plants in Britain, have not yet received sufficient attentio.i here ; they are strong growing plants, with flowers like the Snapdragon, and of varied colours, from purple to white. A light, rich soil suits them best ; height about three feet. Dracocephalum (Dragon's Head), a pretty blue flowered perennial, about one foot high ; leaves fragrant. Gentian, a very beautiful dwarf perennial of a brilliant blue, flowering early in sprint, and requiring little care ; a light moist soil is its preference; a native of Canada; height six inches. Geum (Herb Bennet), a handsome Chilian plant, with large orange-scarlet flowers ; height above three feet. Gnaphalium citrinuni, (Cudweed) a useful plant for win- ter bouquets ; height about one foot. Gypsophila paniculata, a showy, white flower, of easy culture ; about three feet hiirh Helenium, a hardy perennial, with large bright oran«e coloured flowers ; height about three feet. * Helonias, a native of North America, with small whitish pink flowers ; height about six inches. Hepatim, an early spring flower, with bright blue flowers • should be moved every third year ; height six inches. Hesperis (Rocket), double white, yellow and purple • a very handsome and hardy plant, with some fragrance, not unlike the taller species of Phlox, with which they n.atch well m planting ; height from three to four feet They require a mellow soil and frequent change of situation )erience has shown [•eely in any good replanting of tlie plants in Britain, 3ii here ; they are the Snapdragon, ite. A light, rich feet. etty blue flowered igrant. nial of a brilliant ^-ing little care ; a itive of Canada; ilian plant, with ; three feet. ful plant for win- J flower, of easy je bright orange ith small whitish ght blue flowers ; six inches, f and purple ; a le fragrance, not hich they match our feet. Tliey of situation. THE COTTAGE FLORIST. 23 Lathyrus latifoiius (Everlasting Sweet Pea), like the annual varieties ; pink flowers ; height about Ave feet ; must be supported by a framework of wire or trellis. Lavandula (Lavender), the well-known fragrant flowers of which are used to perfume apparel ; is a shrubby peren- nial, but in Ontario requires protection during the winter'. Lobelia cardinalus, so plentiful in our woods, is a splen did spike-bearing flower of a bright scarlet colour ; though hardy enough in its native state, is very apt to be killed in winter when transplanted to the garden ; it likes a rich, moist soil. Lobelia, fulgens and Tupa, are improved varieties ; very showy ; height about two feet. Lujrinus polyphyllus (Perennial Lupin), a splendid vig- orous plant, sending up strong spikes of beautiful blue and white flowers ; height about three feet. Lychnis, Jlos cuculi (Ragged Robin), an old favorite, still deserving a place in the floral world ; it is a hardy plant about eighteen inches high, with bunches of bright pink flowers, which look as if torn, hence the name. Lythruin, a shrubby-looking perennial, with spikes of pinkish-purple flowers, hardy in any common garden soil ; height about three feet. Monarda, a native of Canada, not unlike Mint, with an equally pungent smell, and bearing its flowers, which are a deep red, in tiers under the leaves ; it grows about eighteen inches high, is perfectly hardy ; all that is necessary in its cultivation being the removal of runners from the roots every spring. Myosotis (Forget-me-not), with beautiful amethyst-look- ing flowers, which it produces all summer ; delights in a moist and shady position ; height about four inches. 24 THE 'COTTAGE FLORIST. lllJO !:; 1: i i !^- 1 ! 1 j Iceony, a large lierbaceous perennial, producincr lar^e clusters of rose-like flowers of bright colour, crimson, pink or white, and only requiring to be divided every few years • It will grow in almost any garden soil, and looks well mixed with shrubbery ; height about three feet. Penstemon, a beautiful class of plants, not unlike the i oxglove, but with brighter colour, chiefly scarlet : height about two feet; requires protection in winter, especially ironi damp. "^ •' Tli. I'/doxes, a numerous family, o{ the most varied coours and height, varying from selacea nivalis and mbukua to polyphyllus, that is, from four inches in height to hve feet, and in colour from pink to white and purple Many beautiful varieties are now in cultivation, with stnped flowers. The.'e are few plants better suited to keep up a succession of bloom than the Phlox, some of them being m flower at one time or another during the whole su,nmer_May to October. They grow freely fn any .ood garden sod, but like all perennials are the better of removal trom place to place every third or fourth year. Podophyllum (The May Apple), another native of our woods, deserves a place in the Parterre fro.n the beauty of Its pure wh.te blosson,s and yellow anthers, succeeded by a httle apple, as well as from its peculiar foliations ; it flowers in May ; height eighteen inches. /W.«.o„»» (Greek Valerian), sometimes known a, Jacob Ladder a pretty early flowering plant; flowers light blue ; height about one foot. > "oweis /'o^o^ai,™ (Solomon's Seal), flowers not unlike the Snow Drop ; quite hardy. I tl, producinof larse lour, crimson, pink [1 every few years ; d looks well mixed !;s, not unlike the fly scarlet ; height winter, especially the most varied 'icea nivalis and f inches in height white and purple, cultivation, with ter suited to keep X, some of them luring the whole eely in any good better of removal year. ler native of our )n) the beauty of !, succeeded by a itions; it flowers nies known as plant; flowers not unlike the THE COTTAOE FLORIST. 25 Potentilla, a gem of herbaceous plants, highly orna- mental ; will thrive in ordinary good garden soil ; colours, white, yellow, crimson and purplish ; height, average, one foot. Primula, an important family of early flowering planta, embracing "The Auricula," thus described by the poet : " See Where arrayed in sparkling dust, and velvet pride, Like brilliant stars arrayed in splendid row, The proud Auriculas their lustre show." Its culture is a favourite amusement of the amateur florists of England, and there is no reason why it should not be an equal favourite here ; it is quite hardy, and well repays the little attention it requires ; the soil best adapted for growing it well is a rich, loamy soil, mixed with sand or road dust; it will stand strong applications c^ manure water when about showing its trusses of flowers, but no decaying matter should be placed round it in the winter, as it is apt to rot off the shoots ; a little dry straw may be thrown over it, but if there is plenty of snow on the ground it will form the best protection. British florists divide their flowers into three classes, viz : green edged, grey edged and selfs, and require that a perfect flower should have a firm and upright stem, of sufficient length to bear the umbel of flowers above the foliage ; the umbel perfectly round, and the flowers or pips large, and at least eight in number ; the neck or mouth of the corolla, yellow or pure white in a complete circle ; the colours decided, brilliant and velvety, the stamens and pistil filling the tube well, but not projecting. Some of the finest prize flowers htive been grown by the Lancashire weavers, who take great pains in its culture. 26 THE COTTAdE FLORIST. I ill ' M ■: '■ t ' 1!! The Polyanthm, differing from the above in the leaves being crimpled or mottled, not smooth and flour dusted as in the Auricula; the segments of the corolla are also more d.v.ded, and the colour usually of a reddish-brown on yellow ground, sometimes entirely yellow, and in the finer vanefaes even a fine crimson. This is also a favourite flonsts flower ,n Britain, receiving the same culture as the Auricula, and like it, easily increased by division. ThePrunrose, from which the order receives its botanical name, ,3 also well deserving a place in every garden, similar ."appearance and culture to the Polyanthus ; colours white, red or purple ; height about six inches yellow, and fragrant ; height about six inches Pyrethrum (Feverfew), the double varieties very hand" r :; ttir °" "^ -"- °^ -^-"'-^ ^<-t inhfbrnr:; b:::^!!^'"'^ r--^^- ^" ^'^ !,„• 1.. u . '"™ gardens; flowers white or yellow- height about two feet ; likes a moist soil ^ ' wofrwir" ,f 'o?''™'-')' - -«™ of our Canadian woods, with pretty white butter-cup shaped flowers • ..uite an ornament m the garden during the month of Mw height about eight inches ; likes „ well-drained soi ' ' CanalTllh*^'' ''"''" ^'''"*>' ■™°"'- -"-k"Owi. Canadian with curious pitcher-shaped flowers and leaves of brown and green ; requires to be planted in a moisr^lace height about one foot. ^ ' .»f^i/raffe, pretty dwarf perennials, with white pink or yellow flower., and well suited for r^ck work Th Ln pretty pmk flowers ; grows best in a light sandy soil. THE COTTAGE FLORIST. 27 i above in the leaves and flour dusted as ihe corolla are also f a reddish-brown on low, and in the finer is also a favourite same culture as the )y division, eceives its botanical ivery garden, similar 'olyanthus; colours, inches. ng flowers ; colour, inches. arieties very hand" sy culture; height Buttons), an old white or yellow; of our Canadian ped flowers ; quite 3 month of May ; rained soil. 3ther well-known Nvers and leaves of in a moist place ; th white, pink or work. The Lori- es, with a raceme ight sandy soil. Stenochis speciosa, a very showy perennial, with large handsome flowers ; it is a native of California, and will grow in any common garden soil. Thalictrum (Meadow Rue), a hardy perennial, with lilac flwers, about two feet high. Veronica (Speedwell), a very pretty dwarf, with blue or white flowers, of easy culture ; height about one foot. Viola (The Violet), with its delightful fragrance, must have a place in every garden ; it should have a rich warm spot, rather moist, and will well repay the small attention it receives, in furnishing a daily supply of flowers to per- fume the parlour or the person ; colour, dark blue ; height four inches ; there is a white variety. The Pansy, or Heart's Ease, also belongs to this order ; to produce good large flowers, it should be grown in highly manured soil- and requires to be shaded from the noonday sun, at the same time having a free exposure to the atmosphere. The culture of Perennials, it will be seen from the remarks on the above plants, is of the simplest nature, mainly consisting in first preparing for them the soil their natures require, loosening the soil gently about them every spring, keeping them within due bounds by the spade or trowel, and taking up and dividing the roots from time to time, the best season for doing which is before they begin to grow in the spring, or after they have done flowering in the sunniier. Where plants cannot be procured, tliey may mostly be easily raised from seeds, which can be procured at any respectable seedsman. In planting, the roots should not be crushed together, but carefully spread out, and some of the finest soil gently strewed over them ; the hole should ■ i 28 THE COTTAGE FLORIST. then be filled up to the point at wJiich the root. . a BIENNIALS, of which the seed being sown one year do n.f ^ "pon a .light hot-bec'c- u^r i'sst , """ garden; early in sorin.. • wT' • '""■'" P*""' °* "'« formed they IsThe ' ■"•" °'' "«'" '-^^^"^ ''^™ '««" ' they should re„.ai„ till m"^ ' r ""^''''''^ "«» i '''"'e transplanted t" 2 '"'.f'^'^'- •^»"«. -hen they can be to Howe, or lef Hr 7 '" "''"'' ""^^ "''' '"'-''«-' -e that the nu er in : • rr"' "='" '""'" *^'^''" '» ofalightdry natur'a^d to , '"' "'""" ^" -'"*«- '^ '^ . -^ i^-tuie, ana tliat they are protectpd Ur n <,^ i dry covermg „f straw during the winter a. H„ ^ " apt to rot at the neck and H. i ^ *''* ™'>' 'o^t; height sometirel::';'::" '™^ '^'""" -"' '"' Ammobium, a native of New Soiitl, Woi •ow disk and white ray like the n ' "'* " ^''• in Ontario the first year t « ^ ^"" ^^ ^"^"^ nr»t year, its flowers when removed before ilHT. THE COTTACJE FLORIST. 29 liich the roots go down- ig the whole with a goodi t class of plants known height ^r, do not produce their h they die ; in Ontario onally flower the tirst d in flower for many iennial plants are : 'le varieties of which, 3 to almost black, are he Dahlia, at the back le seed should be sown in a warm part of the ight leaves have been nursery bed, placing watering well ; there le, when they can be ■h they are intended care being taken to emain all winter is ' protected by a good er, as they are very your labour will be Wales, with a yel- ; generally flowers len removed before fully blown, are used to make winter bouquets ; bout two feet. Axitirrhinnm (Snap Dragon) should be in every garden ; here are many varieties, all very beautiful, generally white ir yellow, spotted and streaked with red or purple ;' all the species grow freely in a soil that is tolerably dry ; they are generally raised from seed, but cuttings taken oft" about the beginning of June root easily, they should be slightly covered in winter ; height about one foot. Cheiranthus (The Wall-flower), well-known for its fra- igrance ; will flower the second year after the seed has been sown, but must be removed from the garden in the fall, potted and placed in a dry cellar till the ensuing spring ; it may be kept in this way for many years ; colours, orange and red ; height about one foot. Campanula medium (Canterbury Bells), one of the most ornamental of Biennials, with blue or white bell-shaped flowers ; height about eighteen inches. Bianthns (China Pink), generally grown as an Annual, is really a Biennial, flowering the tirst year ; flower varie- gated ; height eight inches. Gaillardia, very showy flowers, which, though biennial in their nature, will flower the first year if treated as ten- der annual, being raised early on a hot-bed, and planted out in June ; colours yellow and crimson ; grows about one foot high. Jpomopsis, a beautiful Peruvian plant, with rich scarlet flowers, blossoming the second year ; requires a light, dry soil, and slight protection during the winter ; height about three feet. Leonm-us (Motherwort), a plant with red or purple 30 THE COTTAGE FLORIST. flowers ; quite herdy in any good soil ; height about oufi foot. Mathiolaincana (Bronipton Stock), is a tender Biennial which should be sown late in the sunimor and either can' fully removed indoors in the fall, or well protected by covernig with a large flower pot inverted, the whole thicklv covered with stable manure ; tl,e following sumn.er it will flower early, and grow at least two feet high, with a tine spike of flower. Mimulus (Monkey Flower), a half hardy Biennial, ere,,. erally floweriaig the first year ; flowers beautifully blotduMJ and marked red or brown, on white or yellow ground height about one foot, Salvia patens, a plant of the Sage family, with bric^ht blue flowers ; will flower the first year, but if prevented doing so and slightly protected, will do so the ensuing summer. * Tragapogon (Goat's Beard), a hpra, ;,], ^ith kr^e yellow flowers, which close at noon. * j The seeds of Biennials as a general . . need not bJ sown earlier than June, unless wliere they are desired to flower the first year, when they should be sown under Hass I on a warm border; after the plants have shown their t'hird ^ leaves^ they should be pricked out into a well prepared ))ed ? of rich light soil ; that is, taken from the seed bed by \ inserting the trowel or fork under them, gently lifting out ? each plant and replanting at a uniform distance in the bed prepared for them. When they have attained sufficient size they may be removed to the spot where they are in- tended to flower, choosing if possible, cloudy, damp days on which to perform this operation. HI! ill :i.ST. THE COTTAGE FLORIST. M soil ; height about oii^ We now come to the large class of Howers known as , is a tender Biennial,! ANNUALS, niinor and either care- which having grown up, blossomed and produced seed, die, or well protected l)y; and are perpetuated by said seed — they are either hardy, rted, the whole thickly ; ha/f hardy, or tender, according as they are capable of llowing summer it willlenduring more or less cold. When the seeds of Annuals are leet high, with a tinelsown, the ground should be first loosened, well raked, and ■ then made firm by pressing on it lightly with a spade, or haidy Jiiennial, gen-lthe saucer of a flower pot ; the seed may then be strewn i*s beautifully blotchedlthinly over the ground, and just covered with fine sand or be or yellow ground ;|light soil ; a good rule to observe as to how much should be used in doing this, is to put just as great a thickness of earth on the seed as is the size of the seed itself. When they come up, if they appear too thick, they should be thinned out so as to leave each plant plenty of room to grow. TENDER ANNUALS, arc such as in Britain require to be grown under glass during their whole season, but in Ontario most of them will flourish well in the open air, though in ord'^r to bring them forward early, and have them in greatest perfection, it is usual to start them on a slight hot bed. As some of my readers may be ignorant how this should be made, I describe shortly the process. A frame or box, say six feet in length, four feet in width, three feet deep in the rear, and two feet in the front, with glazed sides, must either be made or pro- cured ; about two cart loads of warm stable dung should then be piled up near the place you intend the frame to stand ; once a week move the whole from one spot to another, until the rank smoky heat has gone, and only a e family, with bright ^ear, but if prevented 11 do so the ensuing "■•J, with large •al . need not be e they are desired to I be sown under glass ive shown their third 3 a well prepared bed )ni the seed bed ]>y m, gently lifting out 1 distance in the bed e attained sufficient b where they are in- » cloudy, damp days 32 THE COTTAOK FLOHIST. ^ '! i "i. HI ml' -UL gentle one remain, ; wl„.„ i„ tliis state measure out a spot a foot wider each way than your frame, ami mark it l,y „l stake at each corner; then lay on the clung in layers j gently packing with the back of the fork ; when all ij finished place th,i frame on the top of the bed, which should be about four feet high, put on the lights, and allow to stand : for a few ,lays to settle ; then fill in about a foot of fi,„. light sandy soil, and your hot bed is ready-the nii.ldle of March to 1st April is the time to commence. Some, i„ stead of stable manure, use decaying tan bark, or leaves as the heat therefrom is more steady, and not so apt to bum the plants if neglected. Where a hot bed cannot be made available the seed of tender Annuals may be raised in shallow lioxes or pots in the kitchen or other warm apartment, taking care that the seedlings as soon as they appear have plenty of light ■ m the season a^lvances and all chances of severe f rost Vr.' past, these may be removed to a glass frame on a wa„„ border of the garden. When the .seeds germinate and b,.«i„ to grow, they should be thinned out, to encourage th,- growth of the remainder, and when in the third leaf or thereabouts, pricked out to a further distance from ..acl, other, or potted in small pots which should be left in thv frame. By the month of June most of the plants may be either transplanted to a carefully prepared piece of rich soil in some retired place, or potted in prepared compost, i„ pots larger and larger as required Balsams and Cockscombs, by .judiciously changing the pots and giving plenty of water, so as to keep up a steady growth,can be made to produce Hue, strong, healthy plants tor placing ,„ the garden in July ; and the reserve ground I I 1ST. ite measure out a spot inie, and mark it hy a n the clung in Jayeis he fork ; wlien all is f the bed, which should Its, and allow to stand 1 about a foot of fiiu', ready— the middle of Jommence. Some, in- ; tan bark, or leaves, f ^y, and not so apt to available the seed of How boxes or pots in taking care that the 3 plenty of light ; as ] > of severe frost are j IS frame on a waim | germinate and beni frost T known k^ated as preserv- nemone, beauty ire early of suni- of con- ilustered the soil, plant is ison will ; is over ; lould be are not ts when hich the to secure hould be ars, whit- ;ht about Wachendorjia, a large yellow flowered tuber, not much known in America, but well worthy of cultivation. The bulbous rooted flowers form a principal item in the early floral display of the garden ; a soil well drained, light and r-ich is all they ask. They may be, like the tubers, classed under two divisions, viz. : such as may remain for years in the ground, and those which require to be lifted every year and placed under protection from frost. What may be termed the hardy bulbs, are the Colchicum (Meadow SaflVon), somewhat like the yellow crocus, but flowering in the fall ; a peculiarity of this plant is, that the flower shoots through the ground before the leaves, which do not appear till next spring. Corona Imperialis (Crown Imperial), having large, showy yellow or orange coloured flowers on a tall stem, generally about three feet high, sometimes with two or three tiers of flowers. Fritillaria, hardy lily-shaped flowers, of various species, white, yellow, blue and purple, resemble the Iris much, but more delicate in appearance ; average height twelve inches. GalanthuH (The Snow Drop), earliest of flowers, of easy culture, only requiring a rich light soil, and to be moved every third year. Hyaci7ithus (The Hyacinth), so well known as an occu- pant of the pailour in the end of winter, is a hardy bulb, which should be planted in the beginning of November ; its delightful fragrance and the richness of its several colours, wMiether white, yellow, blue, pink, crimson or purple, together with the early season at which it flowers, lender it an essential in every garden ; the culture is simple. Previous to planting, prepare the soil in which you intend ' 4 II r .. THE COTTAOE FLORIST. to plant withsome well decayed manure (fowls or cow iBbest)., to plant wibu „rran<'evour bulbs according to well mixed with sand , arrange you. colour, then plant as you wish each colour to show where the s which will be perfection, hut the ofl'sets or young found attached to it may be easi ly leared for future planting ; it prefei's a rich loamy soil ; •leight about two feet. The Tube Rose is seldom used as a garden plant, being generally grown in the conservatory, but if grown in pots, may be moved to the open ground in .summer, with advantage. Sparaxiif, beautiful bulbous plants of the Iris family, of Siiiall growth and delicate a})pearance, recjuiring the same treatment as the Ixias i colours, white, yellow, blue and purple. 2\(/ridia, handsome crimson or yellow Iris shaped flower ; height about eighteen inches. In addition to these several divisions into which the plants are divided, may be added that of BKDDINO-OUT PLANTS. Bedding-out plants are such as re Niff ella 37 Nolana prostrata 38 Obaliscaria 35 Orange Lily 44 Palafoxia 37 Palavia 35 Pansy (The) 27 Papaver 37 Parterre Garden 10 Penstemon 24 Poeony Rose 24 Periploca 51 Perennial plants 18 i> Lupin 23 Petunia 33-48 Phacelia 37 Phaseolus 38-43 Phlox Drummondii 15-37 Phloxes 12-24 Picturesque Gardening 13 Pimpernel 36 Pinks 12-21 Pitcher plant 2G Plan of i^arden 10 Platystemon ;h7 Plumbago 49 Podophyllum 24 Polemonium 24 I'AOB Polianthus Narcis'^us 45 II tuberoaa 46 Polygonatum 24 Polyanthus (The) 26 Poppy 37 Portulaca 37 Prairie Rose 50 Prickly Poppy 37 Primula 25 Primrose (The) 26 Protection for garden 9 Pyrethrum 26 Pyrus Japonica 16 Ragged Robin 23 Ranunculus asiaticus 42 II aconitifolius 26 Rhoilanthe 33 Rocket 22 II Larkspur 36 Rose (The) 16-50 II Campion 18 Salpiglo jsis 35 Sa via coccinea 33 *' patens 30 Sanguinaria 26 Sanvitalia , 38 Sapunaria 38 Sarracenia 26 Saxifrage 26 Scabious 35 Scarlet Runners 38-49 II Trumpet 50 Schizanthus, retusus 35 Scorpiurus 38 Scypanthus elegans 51 Sea Lavendar 12 Seeds ^sowing) 32-34-35-52 •I (gathering) 53 Senecio var 39 Sensitive plant 33 Shrubs 15 Silene 37 Snap Dragon 29 Snowliake 44 Snowball 16 Snowberry 16 Snowdrop 43 Soils 9 Solomon's Seal 24 Southern Wood 12 Sparaxis 47 Speedwell 27 Spiderwort .• 38 Spirea ic Stachys 35 Statice 12-35 Stenochis speciosa 27 *i. IV. PAOB Strawberry Tree 1^^ Swpet Alyssum 12-36 .. Pea 19-50 II II (everlasting) 23 11 Sultan 37 ,. William 21 Syringa !♦> Tagetea 36 Thalictrum 27 Thinning out 32 Thyme 12 Tigridia 47 Tiger Lily 44 Tragapogon 30 Treacle Mustard 38 Trilium 40 TropuBolum 39-49 Tuberous roots 39 Tube Rose 46 Tulips 46 Turkscap Lily 44 I'AOB Tweedia 51 Valerian 24 Van Thol Tulips 46 Venus Looking Glass 37 Verbena 15-33-19 Veronica 27 Virginia Creeper 60 Virginia Stock 38 Violets 27 Wachendorfla 48 Waitzia 36 Walks (garden) H Wall-flower 29 Wcigellia Rosea 16 Whitlavia 89 Wistaria 50 Wolfsbane 18 Woodruff 19 Zinnia 35 Nun Fru FLOWf Theb Ea Rose: Six El the kind CITY NURSERIES Nurseryman, Seedsman and Florist 407 YONGE STREET, TORONTO. Fruit and Orname^uTr^^T^l the Best Kinds. FLOWER SEEDS ANDJ uLBSOfIv eBY DESCRIPTION The best Stock in Canada of Choicest F/oivers, Table Plants Easter Lilies, Azalias, Ctotons, Palms, etc, Tuberoses, ' Dahlias, Single and Double, Roses, Christmas Holly and Mistletoe. Wedding Bouquets and Baskets of Flowers Arranged with Taste. FUNERA L FLOWERS / TsPEOlALTY thelnf ^STt^S''''"""''' '^'"^ '"""'^ '^«'' *^^ °^ly o"«« -f I |5ook0 on ffiiirkuing, CEtc. FOR SALE BY J- A. ni^Eis BA.iisr & aoicsT :I1» King Htreet VmhU Toront». o >»«#«>*<• Henderson (P.), Gardening for Pleasure. 12mo., cloth $1 50 Gardening for Profit 1 50 Practical Floriculture. 12ino., cloth. ; . . . 1 50 Field's (T.W.), Pear Culture. 12mo., cloth 1 25 Fuller's (A. S.), Small Fruit Culturiat. 12ino., cloth 1 50 Mohr's (F.), Management of the Grape V^iiie. 12mo., cloth. I 25 Pearson '.s (J. R.), Vine Culture under Glass. 12mo cloth. , 85 You.\TT & Martin on the Hog, Breeds, Treatment, etc. 12mo. cloth ^ 1 00 Randall's (H.S.), Fine Wool Sheep Husbandry. 12mo., cloth. 76 Allen's (L. T.), American Cattle, History, Breeding, etc. , . 2 60 Allen's (R.^j.), American Farm Book. 12mo., cloth . 2 60 Dodd's (G. H.), American Reformed Horse Book. 8vo ... 2 50 Johnston's (J. T.W.), Lectures on Agricultural Chemistry, etc. 1 76 French (H. F.), on Farm Drainage. 12mo., cloth I 26 LiEBio's Principles of Agricultural Chemistry 12mo., cloth. 50 Flint's (C. L. ), Treatise on Grasses and Forage Plants. ''12nio. cloth 2 60 Gibson's (J. ), Science Gleanings in Many Fields. l2mo. , cloth. 90 Any KooU Mailed Free on Itecelftt of Price. J. B. A S. are also prepared to rarnlsh regularly, ihe ondernamcd Periodicals, as pobllslietl t Forest and Stream, and Rod and Gun. Monthly. . .$4 00 per annum. Gardenr's Monthly Magazine 3 00 t. . f^JPoultry. Montlily 1 75 m iibtanical Magazine. Monthly 10 50 k Fiek(The). Monthly ...JO 00 ., Outinp^ Monthly. , 3 00 .. Turf, Fie^and ^arm. Monthly . .^. 5. 00 u ^ M «u':iii..._..»«^._. ».--.— »»l^ «— >'■•——'>' s ^