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Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la mdthode. 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 THE TORONTO BOAl 'A SOUVEN A History of the growtli of tlie Oiieeii Ci w'itli BiogrMphicnl Slvetclies < \Ieitil>ers tliere< 9 e • • • • • t • • • ••t 0. c I « a • • t, • t< • SAl US MONTREAU St TORONTO; BOARD OF TRADE 5OUVENIR ? > rie Oiieeii City Miid it« BomfcI of Trticle, 1 Slvetcli«e« of tlie principal il>ers tliereof. • • • ' ' ! * . • ' fBLlSHlNCl Co., RLi & TORONTO, 1893. 479641 ■'.ntcicd acconliiiL,' to the Act ol' llic I'ailiaiiionl ol' Canacki, in ihf year at llie 1 )e|iartim'iit cil' Aj. • ". . • . • • • • • ». • • •••••- • • • • • • •• • •••• • I • • •»• I 479641 mu'iit of ("iiiKida, ill llic yi\ir iSyj, by llit- S;xl)i>,lon LilhdLjraphic and I'libli^liiiiL; Co. at tliL' I )f|iailiiR'iu (iT .\t,'iiciiltiirf. ft • w •• * •••.*: : • *. • '« ••• • . .* ? • • , • >• •• •• ft' ••• • • ••• .•• ••• ••.•.• ft • • "ft •^'■••t , ;•,• •!•• • ftftft ft ft. : ;•;• •2,1 . "••«»5i«»»..;i :„ t within a y, scenery is become. lie view of 5 now lead if industry tropolis of capital, or Rome. It IS not tlie if the two a lumdred ce, and it Dominion, iremacy in n political influence and educational growth over most of its rivals in Canada and the United States. As a Toronto poet has said, so may we echo : — " t'tithedrals, clnirchcs, schools niiil mansions rise In stately grandeur lowering to the skies. ' A noble harbor fronts thy southern bound, And gentle nills encircle thee around : From nonh to south, from east to wcs'. expand Streets, avenues and roicJs so wisely |)lanntd, That strangers visit thee with ease, and lin .»^ .> niiui J "•-.'v. .'^ S ;> »* r 'i YORK HARBOUR, 18 r**^ >F TRADE SOUVENIR NUMBER. Y. y 11 B o ir li .Uxn'^nquohette . ( .1 /I M S, /H',ti,i .{n.i.i./,,.^, , f lUin.i »f>r^,,//,a/r,u.u\/iy£ii^u/ ■ /< •.<,/'/! /9, VA ■/,, //, a/iii /'tt 11,/ A/ /■< • x^: *'\ ^' /W*» YORK HARBOUR, 1815. \ DOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIh shiVco^"^*^ " success to his scheme. Coastinjj along' the upper shore of tlie Lake, lookin;;- into Welland River and surveying- Burlington Hay, the little party finally entered a natural harbor which was formed by a neck of land now Toronto Island — stretching boldly out into the Lake and forming a secure refuge for shipping. Thirty-six miles of water rolled between it and the .American shore, thus lessen- ing to Ciovernor Simcoe's mind the danger of that invasion which, with states- manlike prescience, he considered inevitable, while back of the beach stretched vast forests oi maple and other hard woods, denoting to his Indian g^uides and to the eye of experience the presence of fertile land. Here the Governor halted, not far from the ruins of the old Trench fort, and decided to make this spot the location of a new capital for the embryo province. Looking at him while he made this decision were the inmates of a solitary Indian wigwam planted over the ruins oi a previous attempt by another nation to found a trading centre upon .,-'' the same soil. Perhaps in a vague way those representa- tives oi a once great Huron people were thinking y:!^ tiie time which Charles Mair so eloquently describes, when — " All llie wild lif(.- of this WcsU'rn world Knew iKil the fear of man ; ycl in those woods. Anil liy those ]ilenteons stio;inis and niii^hty lakes. And on slu|)endoiis sleppes of [leelless plain. And in the rocky gloom of canyons deep, There lived a soul more \vi«'d than harharoiis : \ tameless soid — the sunlmrnt savage free Free, and untainted iiy the greed of gain : (ileal Natures man, content witli Nature's (iod." But Governor Siincoe had no time to think of the past or muse upon its lessons. SulVicient for him was the fact that while the natural advantages of this spot were not so great as those possessed by otiier places in Canada, notably Montreal and Quebec, yet the geographical situa- tion was excellent and promised well for his purpose. On the one side was Lake Ontario ; far to the north was Lake Simcoe and from there it was easy to penetrate to Lake Huron, while the chain of small lakes lying towards the L'pper Ottawa were also easy of access. In those days of trackless forest and dreary wastes, water communica- tion was everything, and the keen eye of the Governor recognized at once the advantages of Toronto the Indian word for "place of meeting" — in this respect. Here then the succeeding spring witnessed the founding of the new settlement and the commencement of active pioneer operations. What a marvellous contrast is presented by that past of onlv a century ago, and the present ! Where the spacious streets of Toronto are to-day, there were then dense forest shades, or in part, as was subsequently found, an unhealthy, marshy locality. Where the homes of merchants and artisans now stand, the wolf and bear and fox, the wolverine and the lynx roamed freely and in great numbers. Where the busy hum of factory or mill is heard to-day, the noble elk wandered through the forests undisturl pigeons covered and ollu Don ; ea north wa creeper f with a winter, h the settl houses a GKNKRAL JOHN <". First Lieut. -C.overtior KAVKS SIMC< of fpper Cai l'pper C officials rr hardship compact s of a more influx of United S air of grt street so ment bv i TRADE SOUVENIR NUMBER. , looking y entered Island shippini,'. IS lessen- tli states- si retched .lides and Governor naUe this lij at him 1KRAL JOHN C. In Graven pigeons and quail, made a veritable sportsman's paradise. Majestic oaks covered tiie present location of King and Front streets ; alders, birches, cedars and oilier trees flourished in impenetrable coverts along the windings of the Don ; eastwards extended dense forests of pine, while tiie terrace of hills to the north was also thickly covered with them. I'-verywhere the beautiful X'irj^inia creeper festooned the trees, while ow pond and river floated liie fragrant lotus, with a hundred other flowers springing up from the neighboring soil. In winter, however, the scene was inexpressibly dreary and was not brightened to the settlers in those early years by the prowling of bears amongst the out- houses and even upon the streets of the little town ; the howling of wolves in the near distance, and the constant danger or fear of war breaking out on the American frontier. But Governor Simcoe was not the man to shrink from natural obstacles any more than he was disposed to give way before a people to whom the United limpire Loyalists had atlixed liie popular -ot unpopular — name of Yankee. Started against the strenuous objections of Lord Dorchester, then Governor-General of Canada, who wished to make Kingston the capital, General Simcoe probably worked the harder to make his enterprise successful. Selecting for a place of residence a lot on the high ground north of the old Don and Danforth road, he put up a canvass tent and resided there for the lirst year, while barracks for the troops and houses for himself and staff were being erected. Lt.-Col. Bouchette was instructed to survey the harbor, whilst the Governor utilized a wide experience gained in previous travel, by personally surveying and laying out the great thoroughfare to the north over thirty miles long, which he called Vonge street, in honor of his friend, Sir Cieorge ^'onge, Secretary oi State for War in the Government at home. Discarding what he termed the "outlandish" Indian name of Toronto, he christened the new settlement York, after the King's son, Frederick, Duke o{ York, who had just won a con- siderable victory over the French in Flanders. Pending the completion of Parliament buildings the Legislature of I'pper Canada continued to meet at Newark, but most of the Government oflicials moved to York with their families, and after the flrst days of struggle and hardship were over, formed themselves, with the U. E. Loyalist settlers, into a compact social body, which ultimately crystalized into the famous Family Compact of a more advanced political period. With the growth of roads and the continued influx of Loyalist settlers, and others who were not exactly loyal, from the L^iited States, trade began to expand and the little town speedily assumed an air of greater importance. The wise policy of the Governor in building \'onge street so as to connect Lakes Ontario and Simcoe was early seen in an arrange- ment by which the North-West Fur Company, employing some 1700 men, sent KAVKS SIMCOK, cf I'pper Canada lO HOARD OF TRADE SOC TORONTO HAHBOU I'roni an orifjinal ihawinf; by Sir I'lTC-f^rine Maitland, tmfm^KKfmmutw^xi'vm OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUMBER K\ ^^M, t|:i-.ixi.i ,,piW«*WW»«>^ % .« Ss^ 9 i^ ■A ^. £;3S»,«4 '.««*--' m-^: ItORONTO harbour, 1820^ Ig hy Sir I'crej^rine Mailland, Licv.t.-dovernor of Upper Canada. m HOARD OF TRADE SOUVEl i'imcoe"^'^^ their supplies up tiic St. Lawrence, across the porla^fes and Nonf^e street road to V'ork and thence to Mackinaw, then the great centre ot" the fur trade, at a savinj^ of about $50 per ton. Hundas street was also established as a main post-road throutjh the province, lots beinj' j^ranled aionjj it o\\ condition ol buildiiij,'' and makinj^ certain imprcvemenls. Thus it was Ciovernor Simcoe's object to make hi.s capital the centre ot I'rovincial travel and trade, as it has since been its j^ood fortune to become the connecting or terminal point of a perfect network of railways. Buildings were meantime going up steadily. Mostly humble and rude in character beside those oi the present day, they were yet suitable to the place and times and subserved the purposes of comfort as then imderslood. The Governor erected a sort i.^'i large rustic chateau in the \'alley (^^ the \^n of public Hon. Peter ;• to himself ng the first t time com- Ls succeeded during the sriot, in his i in i8o6 as a half from tlu' f which disphiy iditiiin has licen 1 in this part of may he Icrmed While the circulation of Ciovernment money in the town at this time, when ^",^,",*j ''"'""' barter was the prevalent and necessary custom throiij.;hout the province, helped Little York as it was called in contradistinction to New \'ork— the marsiiy nature of the soil upon which the first settlement had been made proved a serious diftlculty, which was not lessened by its beinj,' so far east of the V'onge street road, over which stumps and all the settlers in the vicinity had to brinj;- their produce. However, the attraction of ij^ood money and a rej^ular market da\ , proclaimed by tiovernor Hunter, evtniuaily had the elfecl of re- moviny;' these temporary impediments. Meantime, a better evidence of civiliza- tion and prof^ress than even money, business and buildings, had been produced, in the L'stablishment of the I'pf^ci- Caiuidit Cazitlc ox American Oniclc, \\\\\c\\ moved from Newark to \'ork in i8oo. l-^ij^ht years later the first mail (rom Lower Canada was delivered through the hands of carriers armed with axes to enable them to cut their way at troublesome points. The announcement appeared in the Gaactte and created quite a sensation, which is hardly surprising- in view of the existence of only seventeen post-oOices in the whole of L'pper and Lower Canada. As may be supposed there was at this time a good deal of roughness visible amongst a people living in so great a wilderness. It found expression in such punishments as public whipping, branding, and placing in the stocks. Intemperance was far too conunon and was dealt with by compul- sory labor at pulling out tree stumps upon the public streets. As late as March ist, i8i I, slavery still existed in on^ or two isolated cases, although, under an Act of the Legislature in 1793, further importation of slaves had been forbidden, and all children born after that date were decreed freedom at the age of twenty- five. The taxation of l'pper Canada was so light as to be unique. A small direct tax, levied by the District Courts and amounting to $16,000, suiliced for all local expenses, while money was still drawn from Lngland by the Govern- ment for general purposes. There was no poor-rate, no capitation tax and no tithes. Hut there was one great hindrance to progress in the absence of a paper currency and banking facilities. As already stated, however, "N'ork was fortunate in having the circulation of the gold and silver coins which the re- quirements of the Government brought into the country, ;iiid no doubt Kingston, under Lord Dorchester's distinguished favor, had a «omewl at similar privilege. .Ml these considerations, however, were about to be swallowed up in a convulsion of war, which, while bringing disaster upon the infant city and sufiering upon the provinces of Canada, was , to, crow. 1 tUt J^^«<.'gr^ -population of the country at that period with a clrcK.;t os glory \\\y^c\\ hisiofiv. wilUn^ner willingly let die, and which thrills^tht.bre.ist of the pres^ent as of past g^^ji^era- tions with sentiments of deep admiration and respect. .' 'ij' T «• '• i ',«. ■ o'' u '' J ,;>■■«• ' FOR a lonjr time the portents had been plain. Governor Simcoe did what he could to give the Province a secure capital, but even he, with what some i,si2. writers call his prejudice against the Americans, hardly anticipated a declara- tion of war from them at a time when ICngland was to be engaged in a mighty struggle with the forces of despotism and military conquest under Napoleon. At one time before leaving Canada he had said, in a private letter, ihat "a good HMMii SfimpSiipMBlii rs^! ,.-iim^mtm t» lUKlKP OF TRADE SOW GENERAL VIEW OF TOHC OF TliADE SOUVENIR NUMBER. AL VIEW OF TORONTO. 1834 BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIh Tlie War 1S12. *'' navy and ten thousand men would knock tlio United States into a iielpless nonentity." Loss than tiiat did iiold Canada lor tiie (. rown durinj;' many months when hacked up hy an heroic and patriotic population. Hut in 1S12 the country was in a deplorably defenceless condition. To man its few fortresses and tjuard its immense frontiers there were only 5,450 rej^ulars, while Upper Canada had barely 2,000 of these, with perhaps 1,800 militia. \'ork had but little protection outside of the stout hearts of its citii:ens. Thoui^h the location i:^{ the settlement at the eastern part of the harbor had been oris^inaily ciiosen for defensive purposes, and doubtless would have been properly fortified iiad Sinicoe remained at his post, succeedini,*- Ciovernors had done nothing but build a fort at the extreme end of the stragj^iing town and immediately east of Ciarrison Creek, the ruins of which may still be seen. Fortunately, however, the administration of I'pper Canada at this juncture was in the hands of one oi those men who, in ail ages and in all countries, appear at some supremely important crisis, and seem to know and to do exactly the proper thing at the right moment. Major-General Prock, like Cieneral Wolfe at an earlier period in (Canadian history, !;..d not pre\iously distinguished himself to any remark- able degree, but on taking command of the forces in I'ppcr Canada in iSio he at once proved his ability by endeavoring to place matters upon a belter military tooting. \'ork was practically his headci'-'irters from the beginning, and after Governor Ciore's departure in iSi i on a visit to England he made it the centre of his operations and policy until death brought a deplored but glorious termina- tion to his labors. On the 3rd of Febru;uy, iSu, hostilities appeared to him as imminent, and the Legislature was convened and asked to pass preparatory measures in the shape of a Militia Supplementary Act and a suspension oi the Habeas Corpus Act. After a pos'tive refusal on the part of the House the representations of the Administrator were finally and fortunately successful, and 820,000 was voted for training purposes, while the suspension of the Habeas Corpus was consented to as a protective measure against the larj^e number oi American citizens known to be resident in the Province. On the i8th of June war was declared by th.e United States, and three days later Wellington crossed the .Agueda to commence the Salamanca campaign, and to carrx' the gi'cat Peninsular conflict to an ultimate and glorious triumph. High military authorities declared that it was impossible to hold the Canadas, and the Americans unquestionably expected an easy conquest. Even General Brock thought the issue doubtful, but at once made every possible pro- \ision for oHence and defence. Hostilities were almost immediately commenced by General Hull crossing the Detroit river with .'!5oo men, as the vanguard oi a larger army. But the Indians, who were largely favorable to the British, harassed him to such an extent, that when the news of the fall o{ Fort Michilli- mackinac reached him he decided to retreat and leave the people in the full enjoyment of his kind proclamation, ofVering peace, liberty and security, in place of " war, slavery and destruction." Meantime, General Brock had not been idle. His counter-proclamation in reply to Hull was terse, vigorous and combatively eloquent. He declared that every Canadian was bound to defend the monarc'iy as well as his own property, and that to "shrink from that engagement is a treason not to be forgiven." The issue was clearly put : "Let no slunild be ally be ab in the Oo the reasi. Province; promptly knowledp wildernes eight mi the clear .A very fc "\Vc':l ami vii^iiur i enlhiisiaslii;; True and enth fought af people pn who had members the invad defence o Cieneral I of the mo Confeder;] another c consequer lirought a nriiisli, ai of I lie Th: liis brief c discussed danegea fancy dre.s suddenly 1 So excelle did the lei body beca wearer of and parti) belt, he c a venture Instantly women an the Moh£ nothing o TRADE SOUVENIR NUMBER. "Lei no m;in suppose that it" in this unoxpoctcd slru-iilc Mis Maj. stv's arms The WaroJ should be compelled to yield to ;m ovorwhohnini;- force, ihe Province uiil eventu- '**'^" ally be abandoned." The affectionale lelations beluccn the people in England and m the Colonies, the \alue of Colonial Commerce and the pretensions of France, are ' the reasons given that no treaty ^si peace could be made until the Canadian Provinces were finally secured to Great Britain. The Legislature was also promptly called in extra session at \'orl-'. and on the 29th i^i July, with full knowledge that a people numbering in .ill 300,000 souls spread over the vast wilderness of British .America, were on the eve of war with a nation numbering eight millions, and possessed oi immense resources, Brock made a speech, the clear and patriotic words of which will ring down through the ages. A \ery few lines will indicate its forcefulness : '^ Wf .iiL' cnL;ai,'c(l in an awful .ind cvcnltul contest, liy unanimity and dcspa cIi in our Councils and vii,'our in our operations, we may tcacli ihe cuuniy lliis lo.on, tlint a country defended l>y freemen enlhuMastically devolt-d to ihe cause of llieir King and consliiution can 1 ever he co;i(|Uered.'' True the words were, though at the time they must have sounded daring and enthusiastic even to the brave men who listened, and so many o\ whom fought afterwards under the command o'i the speaker. Fortunately, too, the people proved more loyal than had been expected. But few ^^{ the .Americans who had settled in the country deserted it in the lunir of need, and only two members of the Legislature heaped infamy upon themselves by joining the invaders, while the United Kmpire Loyalisis fought almo,-t to a man in defence of their new homes. And there was another source of comfort which General Brock utilized to the full. This was the gallant assistance ot one of the most remarkable Indians who ever lived— 'I'ecumseh. 'I'lie great Iroquois Confederation had been broken up, but 1 ecumseh had succeeded in forming another combination and the only Indians whose aid the .Americans were consequently able to secure were tlie Iroquois of New York Siaie. Tecumseh brougiit all his forces, including the Mohawks and Tuscaroras, to the lid of the Briiish, and, had it not been for tho miserable cowardice ^^i Procior at the Battle of the Thames, he would have probably lived to accomplish much more than iiis brief career permitted. In England the alliance with the Indians was much discussed and a celebrated story which had been told of Joseph Brant Thayen- danegea when visiting London some years before, was revived. It seems that a fancy dress ball was at its height in a certain fashionable west end mansion, when suddenly the striking figure of a stately American Indian appeared on the scene. So excellent and perfect in all its details was the costume, so proudly and silently did the leonine and majestic looking chief stalk from room to room, that every- body became intensely curious to know who was the consummate actor, and the wearer of such a splendid disguise. Over six feet tall, with i.odding plumes, dark and partly painted face, piercing eyes and a glittering tomahawk hanging at his belt, he continued to walk in and through the wondering throng until finally a venturesome stranger overcome by curiosity and wine, pulled his nose. Instantly a yell came from the throat of the visitor which blanched the faces of women and paled even the cheeks of men. It was the terrible war-whoop of the Mohawks, and once heard in the depths of an American forest, to say nothing of a London drawing-room, was enough to make the blood run cold. p 14 BOARD OF TRADE SOU VI Thewnr<.f Like ;i flash, too, the chief had sprung vipoii the luckless offender, and with his fingers twined in the poor wretch's hair and the flashing tomahawk uplifted, was apparently on the verge of scalping him, when," with a low chuckle of laughter, the owner ot the weapon replaced it in his girdle. He was the famous Indian ally of the British against the American insurgents of 1776 — Joseph Brant. Such reminiscences added interest to the still continued friendship of the ■ I GENERAL BROCK'S MONUMENT A From a print of 1S55. Indians, while the known military skill and unflinching bravery of Tecumseh was greater than even that of Tliayendanegea. Then, as now, Candians seemed able to attach the red man lo their standard, to treat him in the noble manner fitting a British people, and to earn his respect and regard in such a way as to make the modern history of the Indian in Canada one oi the brightest and cleanest portions of the national annals. * * * * ♦ Indiai in boi bragg surrei captui posse; canno :;/'' TRADE SOUVENIR NUMBER. and with his wk uplifted, chuckle of > the famous 776— Joseph idship of the 1 o ij • onri ..w nrave Men of FANWHILE General Brock prepared to take the field in person, ?.na, as York, some aid in its defence durin^^ his absence, the bridges at the east end of i , ^ York, crossing the Don River and giving access to the peninsula which then helped to make such a splendid natural harbor, were destroyed, and an earth- work thrown up on the narrow ridge which at that time divided the Don trom the Bay. With 330 regulars, 400 militia, five small pieces of cannon, and some BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR HrayeMenof ,(■ i„v;ision York. Hrock's exploit has been liij^^lily praised even by American liistoriaiis. and it is one of the chief ijlories of ^'ork diiriiii;- the war tliat not only in this expedition but in all the most memorable incidents -^onnicted with the defence of the province, its capital contributed such a nvimbi-r of brave defenders. The 3rd Regiment of Vork everywhere did its duty. Out of a population numbering about nine hundred at this time, two hundred and filty Justice of Justice, recollect tl every fam defence of '< _- -J A TORONl'O WHAHF. I'roni .1 print of 1S40. entered the ranks, and just previous to the Detroit expedition General Brock had taken occasion to speak in an official report of their " orderly conduct and good discipline while under arms, their exercise and marching far exceeding anything he has seen in the Province. " Amongst those bearing well-known Toronto names — who distinguished themselves at this period were Lieut. Thomas G. Ridout, Lieut. McLean, afterwards Chief Justice of L^pper Canada, Lieut. Wm. Jarvis, Lieut. Robinson, subsequently Sir John Beverley Robinson, Bart., Chief Hut if history of Queenston The captui able, so, Levviston, In this the IRADE SOUVENIR NUMBER. »5 mencan ;liat not ed with f brave it of" a lid filtv Justice of the Province, and Lieut. Nlacaulay, hiier Sir J. B. Macaiihiy and Chief Br;>^'j[.«^ Mtn of Justice. A great many others could he meniioned, hut uselessly, when we recollect that exceptinj^ a number of residents in the County of Norfolk, nearly every family in the I'rovince contributed some member at this time to the defence of home and country, who • " Havi; left their sons ,1 hopi.', a fanii', They too would ralluT (lii- llian shnnie." TORONTO WHAHF. 1- roiii a print of 1S40. ock had id s^ood nything oronto mas Ci. t. VVm. ., Chiet Hut the great man whose name is so imperishably connected with the early history of Toronto and of Canada was soon to win the memorable victory of Queenston Heights and to lose his own life in defence of Canadian freedom. The capture of Detroit had made tlie .Americans anxious to do something credit- able, so, on the i3lh of October following, they gathered a large force at Lewiston, crossed the Niagara River and proceeded to scale the Heights above. In this they were successful, and took possession with a' )ut thirteen hundred i6 30ARD OF TRADE Si Is. Jf ^ ■ NEW PROVlNCf'^L PARL I 'i ^ RD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUMBER. ,» PROVINC'-^L PARLIAMENT BUILDINGS. HOARD OF IRADE SOUIENIR Brnve Men ol York. troops. With some 300 men uiulcr liim General Brock resolved to drive the enemy hack and re-capture the important position they had won. The assault was made, and the Americans were beinj^ steadily pushed back when a fatal shot struck the British leader, and he fell with the words " Push on the brave York Volunteers" on his lips. It is hardly necessary to say how gallantly he was aveni^i'd, or to detail the defe.it of the enemy and enforced surrender oi Major-tieneral Wadsworth and 1,100 soldiers. Lieut. Cleorj^e Ridout, in a letter to his brother at York, describes the joint funeral of General Brock and the gallant C"ol. John McDonell, Attorney-General oi the Provinij, wl. 1 fell wiih THE OLD PARLIAMENT BUILDINGS. TOHONTO. AS THEY A him, as "the grandest and most solemn that lias been seen in Upper Canada." Popular appreciation, later, built a monument to his memory upon the scene of the victory, and King Cieorge had already conferred the Order of the Bath upon the victor at Detroit. Like Wolfe, however. Sir Isaac Brock was not destined to enjoy the fruits of his victories, and we can readily imagine him addressing his soldiers and \olunteers prior to this last and fatal conflict in those noble words placed in his mouth by a Canadian poet : — '' * Charles M.iir in " 'reciiiiii-eli."' ^ IRADE SOUVENIR NUMBER drive tlic le assault 11 a fatal the brave lantly he render oi nit, in a k and the fell will) " Our cIcMili may hiiitd into our coiiir.ry's liic, Anil lailini; lliis, 'iwerc belter still to dit' Than live the i)realhin{; spoils of infamy. I'licn forward for our cause and Canada I I'drwatd for Urilain"s Knipiri peerless arch Of Krcfdom's raising, whose majestic span Is axis to the world I On, on, my friends I The In'-k oin- country sets must we perform — \\rin(4 peace from war. or perish in its storm."' * * * ♦ »7 Prnve Men of York. ■«--> DHONTO. AS THEY APFEARLlD WHEN COMPLETED IN 1832. Canada." ■ scene ot" •atli upon destined klressinji;' 5se noble ITH the death of Sir Isaac Brock bco:aii the misfortunes of York. Major- The capture (General Sheaffe had completed the victory at Queenston, and succeeded "'"'^"'^''• him in command oi the troops and as .Administrator of the Province. On I'ebruary 25th, 181 3, ho convened the I.ejj^-islature at the Capital and procured the passage of sundry important measures, such as the prohibition of the export of i^rain or its imdue distillation at a time of scarcity, the i^rantinj^ of pensions to widows and orphans bereaved by the war, and the prohibition of liquor-selling to the Indians. .A month previously the people of \'ork had joined in forming the " Loyal and Patriotic Society of I'pper Canada," with a view to aiding the i8 BOARD OF TKADl- SOU Till- Capture of York. dcstitutL', and providirifj comforts for the soldiers and volunteers. Ainon^'st the well-known names connected with it were Chief Justice Scott and Kev. Hr. John Strachan, Hon. J. F^. Robinson and Mr. Grant Powell. The appeal was responded to at once. The Puke of Kent obtained ^"j.cxxs in London ; Jamaica gave ^.i,4iq; Nova Scotia ^.2,300; tjuebec which had not yet been swept by the tide of war contributed ^,'4,000 ; and the well-to-do in \'ork added ;£i'i,868 — in all, a total of ;£'i5,ooo. It was all too little for the needs of the near future. The objective points of the American campaign were now V'ork, Newark and Kingston. Rut it was decided to get at the others by way of Little \'ork, which, though almost defenceless, was the seat y.^'i government and d;i CO ex hi> an th. th. tht evi THb: FISH-MARKE' I'lom a print ol 1 It li the admitted centre ot tiie intelligence, learning and nascent progress of the Province. Colonel Coffin describes it at this time as being a scattered collection of low-roofed villas, embowered in apple orchards. On April 25th, the American squadron left Sackett's Harbor with 2,500 soldiers on board for the capture of the Capital. Two days later the invaders prepared to disembark near the Fort on Humber Bay. Meanwhile the men of York had rushed to arms— old and young, rich and poor, the married, the sick, the wounded, and prepared to defend their homesteads, assisted for a time by some six hundred regulars. McLean, Clerk of the House of Assembly, seized his rifle and was killed at the oil C( bel Wi ca «1 wi m to n OF tjkAdk souvenir number. CIS. Amonj^sl I and Kev. Dr. riie appeal was tulon ; Jamaica vet been swept in York added lu' needs of the etc now V'ork, ers by way of inernment and dawn of day, while yoiin}; Allan McNab, a lad of fourteen years and afterward J/vo^rk'""" Prime Minister of the United I'rovinces, stood beside his father, caper for the conllicl. Aiul a brave but useless fij^ht they made, accidentally aided by an explosion at the l-orl, which killed the American CJeneral and two hundred of his men. Kinally, however, Sheaffe deemed it wise to withdraw his regulars and retreat upon Kingston, destroyinjj evcrythinjf that might be beneficial to the enemy. Thus fell \'ork, while to the disgrace of the invaders and against the articles of capitulation, the public buildings were subsequently burned and the church and town library pillaged. On the 2nd of May the Capital was evacuated, and a little later Newark was captured and burned. Perhaps the .•:^':r- ^A0^^W^-: rUh; FISH-MAHKET. TORONTO. I''ioiii a print of 1840. progress of the tered collection 1, the American ■ the capture of k near the Fort arms - old and id prepared to idred regulars. IS killed at the only amusing feature of this invasion was the oH.cial report furnished by Commodore Chauncey regarding "a human scalp" which was alleged to have been found hanging over the Speaker's chair in the Legislative Chamber, and was duly torwarded to Washington as a trophy. Needless to sav the shockin-r capture was found ultimately to be the otlicial peruke or wig worn bv the Speaker. On July ^.st, Commodore Chauncey again visited the town of York with some twelve hundred seamen and three hundred regular troops, and meeting w.th no opposition, broke open the Jail and liberated the prisoners took several hundred barrels of provisions from the merchants, destroyed the BOARD 01' IRADE SOIVF.MR iff'vifrk'!'"" ''•'"■racks and other biiildinj^-s, and after havini;: added as much as possible to the misery of the inhabitants, left the place. This was the last experience of the kind which the town had to face during the further proj^ress ot the war. Many battles had yet to be won and lost, places captured or successfully held on either side, while the Province of Quebec was destined to come to the front in a most heroic and perhaps unexpected way. Chateauj^uay and C'hrysler's Farm proved I'Vench-Canadian loyalty and bravery, as (Jueenslon, l.undy's l.ane and a hundred other fifjhts indicated the spirit of Upper Canada. Hrock, De Sala- berry and Tecumseh, backed by brave soldiers and an almost united population had saved Canada to the fla^'. Hut nrne the less was there jjreat rejoicinj'' Till- d reco\ indu some natui easily fam or of hintii afler iht p i.y'i danger, in the }^ri> place to fi VIEW OF TORONTO. 1850 n when towards the end of the year news came that the struggle in Kurope had temporarily ceased ; that Britain was free to put her whole strength into the American conflict, and that as a preliminary, 18,000 war-worn veterans direct from Bordeaux had landed at Quebec. After this the result was no longer in doubt, and on December 24th, 1814, the treaty of Ghent was signed between (ireat Britain and the United States. Peace was obtained, independence secured and glory gained, but the price was one which all Canada, as then composed, had to share in paying. Province- I that the par Ciourl.iy an< patriotic Sc of York an which for ;i the world v man, had and evidem IRADE SOVIKNIR NVMJiER. '9 t to the of the Many II either a most proved and a e Sala- ulation 'joicinfj TIIK devastation caused by so lonjf and cruel a war was more easily yjj'^^'^**'»°'^ recovered from than it would be in a lime of boundiii},' commerce and industry such as tlie present. Hut the sulVerinjj of that period produced some natural results, and amonj^st them was a smoulderinff t'eelinjf of discontent easily fanned into a llame by anylhinj^ savoritij; of injustice in the (lovernment, or oS. hindrance to the work of development which was resumed immediately after tht proclamation oi peace. The comraileship of all classes during a time of danji'er, and their still closer communion durinj^ pioneer days, were forj^otten in the j^rowth of the country and the expansion of its interests. And the tirst place ti> feel this i hange was the centre oi current thought and action in the OF TORONTO. 18,50. 3e had to the direct ,'er in tween idence then Province — Little York. Not that any alteration was immediately noticeable, or that the party in power had the slightest cause to fear for many years to come, (iourlay and Mackenzie had not yet appeared within purview ; that sturdy and patriotic Scotchman, Dr. John Strachan, had only just accepted the Rectorship of York and retired («8i2) from the Head-mastership of the notable school in which for a dozen years the men who have since made history in this part of the world were trained and educated. John Beverley Robin«on, a very young man, had just become Attorney-General, and the charm of his manners, and evidences of great ability, were making him strongly popular ; Wn!> iratLLi , A-JMrd^^^,. m I f i!i / .jiAl u N Z u o < Z o > _1 BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIn YoX^'''' ""^ Dummor Powell was Chief Juslice ; Colonel the Hon. P'Arcy Boiillon was a leading- member of the Governmeni, while in iSiS Sir Peregrine Maitland succeeded to the Lieutenant-Governorship, and for ten years presided over a commimity which he and his advisers ruled firmly, vigorously and honestly. This may he said in spite oi the muttcrings o^ popular discontent which could occasionally be heard, and the limitations oi power which surrounded the popular branch oi the Executive. Meanwhile Governor Gore had opened his last Parliament at York on Feb. bth, uSiO, which was made memorable by the foundation of our school system and the voting of _£'6,ooo sterling per annum to be used in paying teachers and buying sciiool books ; the expenditure oi jQ2\,ooo upon roads and bridges ; the voting o^ ;£."Hoo to the Public Libr-ry, and the presentation to the Gover- nor of ;£.'3,ooo for the purchase of a silver service o'i plate in commemoration of his long term of office, and as a mark of the respect in which he was held. The Reformers, as they were beginning to be called, did not exactly like it, but were unable to do anything in opposition. The Legislature also honored itself and sliowed in some degree a just apprecia- tion oi the national situation by granting ;£"2,5oo per annum 0'.u o'i what the preamble termed "humble and very limited revenues," towards the support of the Civil Govern- ment o'i the Province, and in token o'i graticule for "the powerful means which His Majesty sent for our defence during the late war with the I'nited States of .America." In iSj^ (iovornor .Maitland procured permis- sion from Kngland to establish a Board oi luiucalion for the management of Provincial schools and I'niversity lands. With Dr. Strachan at its head the Board did what was possible during the years following to improve educational piethods, not only in \'ork, but throughout the Province. .\ litlle before this time the first steamboat on the upper lakes — the Fron/e/iac hud been built near King, ton, and in the spring of 1817 accomplished its initial trip to York, charging the modest rate of Si 2 per passenger. .A.^, however, the amount by stage was $18 it was probably paid very willingly. The Provincial capital boasted a population now of 1200, and to the present-day observer would have appeared a very prettv little village. There weri. three brick buildings near where the market now stands, the two hundred houses being almost all built oi RIC.HT HON. MliNRV DLNU.AS. ^ nmm ■■^■^■-u -i*J*^; TRADE SOUVENIR NUMBER. 21 frame or loi^. Beyond Queen and Parliament streets was forest, tliroiijjli which York'^'^**'' "' were cut the hij^hways of Yong'e and Dundas streets. One of the leading merchants of the day, and a man oi substance, was Wm. Cawlhra, the founder ol tlie well-known Toronto family. Me Uept a provision store on King street, and it is related of him at a later period than tliis, that when a run was threatened upon the Bank of Upper Canada he deliberately wheeled through the streets and into the Bank a hand-barrow full of money, and thus restored popular coniklence. It was said afterwards, with what truth I do not know, that he wheeled the money in at the front door of the bank and out at the back. However that may be, the story illustrates the primitive simplicity of the people, as does the fact that in xhe little Methodist church, built in 1818 at what is now the corner of King and Jordan streets, as well as in the more pretentious Anglican structure, the custom prevailed of separ- ating the men and the women, the former takin}^ the left side, the latter silting on the right. A Presbyterian churcii was built in 1S21, while abo. t the same time St. James Church, or Cathedral, was enlarged. From a description ol its in- terior at this period by Rev. Dr. Scadding, there is abund- ant evidence that the Church of I'^nglanJ. \vas indeed the ollicial church. There was the pew of State for the Governor, with pillars sustaining a flat canopy and the Royal Arms embla;{oned upon a black tablet. To the right and left were a couple of long pews, one held by the officers ot the garrison, the other by the members oi the Legislature. Parliament Mouse, burned in 1H13, was re-erected in 1820, and about the same time a Roman Catholic chapel was built, which is still standing on Power street. All liie others mentioned, including the Ciovernment House of the day, have disappeared and been replaced by larger and more pretentious structures. In front of the Lieutenant-Governor's house, the location of which was similar to his successor's splendid residence at the present day, were broad, open fields, not entirely devoid of stumps. In 1823 the lirst waterworks of the town were created, in the shape of a public pump and well, in the Market Square, which soon became a sort of centre for political gossip, public auctions, and the whipping of culprits who had been sentenced to the lash. Such was Little ^'ork at a time when the appearance upon the scene o^ Wm. Lyon Mackenzie SIK GEORGK VONC.K. ^' if 23 BOARD OF TRADE SOU I William I, you Mackenzie. crystallized scattered discontent into discord, and raised civil war out of a condition of comparative political peace. E was unquestionably a remarkable man. With stability of character he might have been a great man. But his disposition was so restless and nervous, so unstable and full of discontent, and withal so egotistic, that statesmanship, either in views or in deed, was out of the question, while a politi- H' M; an he Le Wf WJ qu TORONTO CITY cal career of stormy agitation terminating in a whirlwind of disaster was the natural result of his tempestuous temperament. Much good has come out of the struggle which he carried on so fiercely and honestly. Vet the same end would have been ultimately attained had Mackenzie never stirred up the political feelings of one class against another, or brought the questions at issue to the arbitrament of civil war. When his paper, the Colonial Advocate, ivpi^QiWQiX -di Niagara on Co imj fev the tha D OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUMBER war out ot" a of character he so restless and egotistic, that . while a politi- May i8th, 1824. it created a sensation. In some circles the feeling was one ot „,,,ke„zie. amusement, in others of sympathetic interest. The publisher and editor un- hesitatingly attacked the Church, the Bench, the Bar and the Executive. The Legislature then, like everything else wielding influence, was strongly Tory and was denounced as the " tool of a servile power." The Government of the day was composed of "official fungi," more pestilential than the marshes and qua-mires encircling Toronto, while the leaders of what he called the Pam.ly TORONTO CITY HALL. isaster was the ome out of the inne end would lolitical feelings the arbitrament at Niagara on Compact were referred to in the most unbridled language. Resentment soon grew in official and loyalist circles against such gross attacks, and as may be imagined, Mackenzie found himself, on moving to York with his paper a few months later, not very popular with the dominant party. But he became the idol of another section, which was surely but slowly growing in strength, and that to him was satisfaction enough. From thia time on party lines were firmly BOARD OF IRADE SOUVENJJ Mnckeii/^e°" '^'''•'^^"' 'i"*-' t'^^ Tories and Reformers of tlie new world were once more joined in conflict as they had been for so many centuries in the old land. Tliere wore then, as is always the case, two sides yo the questions at issue. Any extended consideration of the Clergy Reserves problem would be out of place here, though Bishop Strachan, by his indomitable defence ot all interests of the Church of Ivngland in Canada, has made it a prominent feature in the history of Toronto, as well as of the Dominion. V\ hen the Act of 1791, separating' for administra- Protesta this time others in Dissente former, i Lieut.-G exclusive OLD PARLIAMENT BUILDIN tive purposes the provinces of Upper and Lower Canada, granted power to reserve out of all future grants of land, as well as out of past grants, an allot- ment for the support of "a Protc?stant Clergy," it might have been expected that conflicts — denominational, political and legal — would ensue. By this measure the rents, profits and emoluments arising from one-seventh of all the lands granted were to bo applicaole solely to the maintenance and support of a that they .As L'ppei there wer and one ' 1810, otl English ( TRADE SOUVENIR NUMBER. 23 ire joined lere were extended e, thoiiyh "luircli of Toronto, ministra- Protestant Clersry. And when we remember how little toleration there was at wiiiiam i,.voii this time in religious matters, cither on this Continent amongst the Quakers and others in the New Kngland States, or at home as between Episcopalians and Dissenters, where the latter were often hardly recognized as Christians by the former, it is hardly a matter for surprise that the powers of the day, from the [Jeut. -Governor down, recognized the words " Protestant Clergy" as meaning exclusively the clergy of the Church of England, to which they all belonged, and - jj ■jj z X cc 7i UOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIl Mnc'keiizii "" ''^^'"'"^'J ilsclf iiilo ji Siato C'luiicli as ajjainst a free aiul unaided dononiinalional sysiem. Not until 1S54 was the whole question satisfuctonly seltled. Another matter which the Reforniers vi^'orously denounced was the allej^ed favoritism oi the powers in olllce rej^ardinj^ tlie general j^rants of land throuj^houl the Pro- vince. It was claimed that lari^e tracts were i,'iven to oilice-holders, I'nited iMiipire Loyalists, soldiers, and their children, {greatly to the public detriment. Abuses did, no doubt, creep into the system then in voj.jue, but looUinjf at the dis- cussion after the lapse oi three-q'iarters of a century it seems clear that there was much to be said in favor <-\S. land {jfrants lo those who h.id left everythinj;^ lumies, fortunes and comfort in the Thirteen Colonies for the sake of the birth sei adminisi constant comment and citi/ and as langua^A the polit unc(.|uai oilicers ; SITE OF THE OLD FOHT, TC Crown and Constitution ; those who had foui^ht under Brock and other leaders durinj;- the war of 181 j, and who emtiaced almost the whole population K^'i the period ; and that the acceptance of wild and vacant lands in different parts of the Province by officers of the Government or Executive Councillors was at worst a mild offense at a period when forest and wilderness was the predominant feature of L'pper Canada's great domain. The interference of the Colonial office in our domestic concerns v\a« a subject upon which Mackenzie and his compatriots waxed hot and fierce. But it was a very slight interference at the most and was readily defensible to the Tories of that day, in the fact that Great Britain had done so much for the vouthful colonv ; had for manv vears alter its for insta appointn during tl these we difficult later, the generally skill of t period w opprcssit TRADE SOUVENIR NUMliER. as liiiMlional AllOtlKT iuoritisni I the I'ro- s, United etriment. t the dis- liat there •ythinj; e oF the hirth sent out more or less larire sums of nion.v for the mainlenance of its *'"j»'" '>'"" adiniiiislra'iion ; liad (^iven it troops wlienever tliey were required and that was eonstantly wiiiie maintaining^ garrisons in the country for forty years after the commencement of the agitation in question, for the protection of its interests and citizens. While unpleasant at times and a natmai subject for discussion, and as we now tee! for reform, it was not a fitting cause for violence of language, and, least of all, for rebellion. Minor dilliculties which entered into the politics of the day were the appointment of military lieutenant-governors ; unequal representation in the Assembly ; the large salaries of certain public otlicers ; the union y.i'i judicial and legis'alive functions in the same person, as THE OLD FORT, TORONTO. r leaders n oi the parts (>f was at lominant Colonial and his ce at the at Great alter its for instance, the Chief Justice and Judges, who for years were eligible for appointment to the Upper House, and the appointment of various oilicials during the pleasure of the Kxecutive, instead of during good behavior. All these were legitimate subjects for political battle, though it is perhaps a little dillicult to see how, during the years immediately following the war, and even later, there could have been any serious objection to military governors, who generally showed that they possessed the ability of the civilian as well as the skill of the soldier. Such, however, were se conditions prevalent during a period which too many historians refer to as a reign of tyranny, corruption, oppression and Star Chamber practices. i6 BOARD OF IKADE Wit lam Lyon I'l' jjj m,t take lonir lor these various ijrouiuls of discontent, when pushed I forward by Mackenzie's caustic and bitter pen, to arouse strong? antajfonism 1 between the two factions in Little V'ork, and to result in i82() in the memor- able destruction ^.■\'i tlie types and press i>i the L'oUmiitl Advocnlc by a mob \^\. younj,' men, admittedly beion^nnj; to the ruiinj,' faction, liiis mistaken action has since been strongly condemned, and at the time only served to hx\\\^ a heavy fine upon the heads of the cidprits ; to increase Mackenzie's popularity, and to extend the circulation of his paper. I'rom this period until iH.^7 he was a man YORK IN 1813, SHOWING TH1£ OLD /I / of powerful influence. The electors of York shortly afterwards returned him to the Assembly, and his peculiar eloquence was utilized to the full whenever an opportunity occurred, either in the Capital or throughout the Province. And it was not long before the Reformers had a majority in the Assembly — retaining it for some six years, although unable to move the Executive in any desired direction. Looking back at this period, from a local point of view, it is tolerably clear that Toronto owes more as a city to the "Family Compact" lOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUMBER. ;ontcMl, when pushed se stroiijr aiUa),foiiism in i82() in the memor- Advocate by a mob of is mistaivcn action has veil to W\n^ a heavy e's popularity, and to il iS_^7 he was a man than it does to their opponents. The families who formed that body ''ii-" M^ckeJule!''" I'owells, ICImsleys, Ki>binsons, Houltons, Jarvises, Sherwoods, Macaulays, Hewards, Haj^ermans and Strachans did much for N'ork and ITpper Canada. They foujfht for their city and country in adversity, they stru>^j,'led upwards to success from the ordinary level <>'{ coi.rajfeous pioneers, few or none being "born in the purple ;" they used inoney freely when it came to them in beauti- fyinjj^ and improvinjf the city ; they introduced culture and refinement into the backwoods, and laid ilie foundation tor the graceful social circles of modern MOWING THi£ OLD BLOCK HOUSE. EAST OF THE DON. ards returned him to he tuil whenever an the Province. And in the Assembly ie Executive in any il point of view, it is " Family Compact " Toronto; they promoted education, extended settlement and cultivation, and did much for religion, though it may have been the religion of a single church. And it must never be forgotten that the Responsible Government 'which has smce come to us by evolution rather than through Mackenzie's attempted revolution, was hardly understood then in England itself, and in Upper Canada was regarded by the men in power as Republicanism in disguise. Hence we can readily understand the bitter struggle carried on by the ruling classes mm BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR . vviiiiani Lyon acfaiiist innovations which they considered, riirhtlv or wronijlv, as irivintr control Mackenzie. " •' 'f. ?>,''^>» of the government into the hands of a section of the population which was believed to be permeated with Americanism and inclined to copy American institutions. The bulk i^i the party in power were V . K. Loyalists, and nearly all of them had come through the agonies of a prolonged war with the I'nited States ; an invasion which they believed to have been dictated by greed for territory and a desire for conquest. which no memorable Liberal— Ri he was ele Beverley Re been appoii above suspii as stronq;h- KING STREET EAST IN 1SJ4, SHOWING COURT HOUSE Hawu of OL'CH was the situation of affairs in York and Upper Canada during the \ years between 1818 and 1H2H. In this latter year Sir Peregrine Maitland, \j tall, stately and aristocratic, with his beautiful wife a daughttr of the Duke of Richmond had departed to assume the Governorship of Nova Scotia, and his place had been taken by a stern, old-fashioned and gallant soldier. Sir John Colborne, afterwards Lord Seaton. The Legislature met the new Governor with a straight vote of censure upon his advisers and an appeal for reform, to Robert Bali without atte been able t( With his ai Dr. Morriso years under to be knowr RADE SOUVENIR NUMBER. 27 ontrol lioved itions. them s ; an and a which no attention was paid. This year (1820) was, however, rendered lH''* P,"'"""'^ \ . . " . Trouble. memorable by the entry in o politics of a man who honored the name of Liberal — Robert Baldwin. At the age of twenty-five, and after a sharp contest, he was elected member of the Assembly from Y'ork in succession to John Heverley Robinson, the leading mind of the so-called Family Compact, who had been appointed Chief Justice of Upper Canada. A:"i able lawyer, wealthy, and above suspicion of pecuniai y motives, honest to the core, moderate in opinion, and as stronp^ly opposed to extreme democracy as he was to oligarchical pretension 'ING COURT HOUSE AND ST. JAMES CATHEDRAL. the Lland, if the otia, ■r, Sir ernor m, to Robert Baldwin was the man who would have probably obtained liberty without attempting license, and reform without any threats of rebellion, had he been able to hold back the wilder spirits vyho followed Wm. Lyon Mackenzie. With his aid, however, and that of MarshfU Spring Bidwell, Dr. Rolph and Dr. Morrison, the Reformers made a strong showing for themselves during the years under review. About this time, too, the name of l^gerton Ryerson began to be known, and in the same year as the Baldwin e'ection took place, he issued |!t| n 28 BOARD OF TRADE SO I 5;H^..i-i^.v^. ^-jAf'^-^^-^- -* ♦ Vjr«r» NEW UPPER CANADA C( iRD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUMBER ^!«f « J' UFPEF^ CANADA COLLblGE BUILDINGS BOARD OJ'' TRADE SOUVENIR Troiii.k"" "' ^'^'■' prospectus of tlio Chfislidtt GiKiriiiuii, a Methodist pap , wliich still main- tains a prosperous existence. Some years earlier, Hr. Strachan, now Arch- deacon o\' \'orl<, had i;one to England and obtained a Royal Charter after his own heart establishing tiie I'liiversity of King's College, which he proposed should be an essentially Church of Hngland institution. The I'niversity was not actually opened, however, until 1843, atter many political and pulpit battles had been fought both for and against its religious clauses. The general result was a very considerable modification ol the denominational features included in the original proposal. .Meanwhile Mackenzie was Ueeping matters in a suffi- ciently lively condition in York. There was litile fear {.>'[ stagnation in the political atmosphere then, whatever may be ihe case today. In 1830 a general election took place, and the Reformers were beaten in all parts of the Pioxince by men who are now termed "tyrants." Robert Haldwin was defeated in N'ork, John Rolpli and Captain Mathews had been succeeded by Tories, Christopher .A. Hagerman, Henry J. Houlton. W. I^. Robinson (brother of the Chief Justice), and Allan N. McNab, were all elected as leading members of the dominant party. When the session began in 1831, therefore, Archibald McLean, the CJovernment candidate, was chosen Speaker of the House by a good majority. As an illustration of the peculiar facility which prevailed at this time in creating grievances, it may be said that tiie Opposition denv)unced the " Family Compact " with great vigor tor accepting the King's suggestion that a permanent Civil IJst should be establislied in return for the cession by the J* Crown of control over the Imperial I'.scal duties. Yet our Government by tliis arrangement acquired an addition to its powers from Downing street, and nierelv provu'.ed permanent salaries for various positions, as is largely the custom at the present time. The ses.sion was memorable for the savage personal attacks made bv Mackenzie upon the men who had just been sustained at the polls. Unable to command the .Assembly, as had been the case during some vears past, he vented his feelings in speeches, the \irulence o'i wiiich were sufficient to stir up politicians of the most angelic nature. An unsuccess- ful attempt was made to expel him from the House upon what was admittedly a mere pretext, but in the following session the proposition was put in another form, and was accepted bv the .Assembly. .Mackenzie had referred in his paper to the Government o( the day as ecpialliiig- in its tyranny the Czar of Muscovy, and to the " turgid veins" of the Tory leaders, \vhom he described as acting like inuiiigrants from Cirand Tartary, Russia, or .Algiers. .A trial for gross, scandalous and malicious libel intended to bring the House into contempt, and constituting a breach of privilege, was the result o\' this .ind many similar attacks. IJuring the debate in the .\ssembly upon the motion to expel him it is safe to sav that the Government held its own in the application oi adjectives. .Attorney-Gene' al Hagerman referred to Mr. Mackenzie as a reptile, while Solicitor-General Houlton described him as a spaniel dog. But it must be admitted that these ebullitions oi wrath were somewhat exceptional, while Mackenzie's epithets were oi daily occurrence. I^y a vote oi twenty-six to to fourteen the House expressed its belief that he was guilty of a breach of its privileges, and another vote decreed his expulsion. This was the commence- TRADE SOUVENIR NUMBER. 29 ineiil y.^'i ii proloiij^ed conllict bclwecn llio majority of Mackenzie's constituents T'.J.'e Dawn of and the majority of the members in the Assembly. The erratic Reformer, witli l-.is powerful personality but ill-balanced mind, became a popular hero amonj;fst a lar;e of the Court of King's Bench in Upper Canada. He was generally wel- comed on his arrival in York, and the Judiciary, the Bar and Society were all so kind and cordial in their treatment of the new Judge and his wife, that it seems to have carried him of!" his feet to use an expressive phrase. Coming among a people strange to him, and as an outsider, ap- pointed to a place of honor and emolument, considerable tact was necessary on his part in order to retain the cor- dial opinion which ail at first endeavored to feel towards him. Instead oi this, the new Judge a stranger to Canada, her institutions and polity — adopted a tone o^ ar- rogance and even dicta- tion. He disagreed con- tinually with his brothers on the Bench, experi- enced Judges like Sir Wm. Campbell and the Hon. I.eiius P. Sherwood; he freely denounced from his place in Court Attorney-Cieneral Robinson, who knew every detail of Canadian law ; he fraternized witli Rolph, Bidwell, and other members of the Opposition, presenting the strange picture of a Judge welcomed into politics by the men who were denouncing the C.overn- ment for allowing other Judges to sit in the L'pper House; he allowed men to appear in Court and denounce the Attorney-General for " vindictiveness and foul par the Bench, I in the C'oloi finally aiinoi l'pper Cana tice Willis authorities. UNIVERSITY OF I'RINITY COLl political feel men in pow comers like christened " in him so fr and decided! banishment MDE SOUVENIR NUMBER. 3> li the Lirally f tlic > that tree. St , tlie er o!" and foul partiality " wlio had no rijfht under the law to speak to a Judj^e upon wiiil"*"'" the Bench, to say nothing of inveij^hing against His Majesty's chief Law Ollicer in the Colony; he constantly and publicly sneered at his brother Judges ; and finally announced through the newspapers his intention of writing an expose of L'pper Canadian jurisprudence. After a year's occupation oi iiis post, Mr. Jus- tice Willis was dismissed with the subsequent approval of the Home authorities, while his turbulent career and its speedy termination so far as the Province was concerned b.?canie another chapter in the "Hill of Particulars" furnished by Opposition loaders against the wick- ed and abandoned I'"amily Comp; ct. Before leaving, lunvever, this interesting Judge expressed his "re- !;ret at not having pre- \iously made himself ac- quainted with the state of the Law." In respect lo the political promin- ence which this case ob- tained, it is not unlike that oi Robert (Jourlay, who, at an earlier period 1817-1819 came out lo l'pper Canada, after liaving failed in his ef- forts for a livelihood in Scotland, and proceeded, no doubt with the most honest motives, to make instant war upon the authorities. I'nfortun- aloly the hot-he;idedness and lack of tact wliicli had caused him to quarrel with "everyone in sight" at home, stoodh im in ill stead at a time when political feeling in Upper Canada was beginning to grow warm, and the men in power were not quite accustomed to the wholesale attacks of new comers like liourlay, whom his late landlord the Duke of Somerset had christened ' the pestilent Scotchman." However, as York was only interested in him so far as his final trial was concerned, it is enough to say that legal and decidedly unjust, pretexts procured first his imprisonment and afterwards banishment from the country. Hut it must be added, in justice even to those ■Y OF TRINITY COLLliGLi. 00 d ; nson, well, of a vern- men L'ness III if" BOA A'/) OF TRAnK . |! OSGOODK giiMBitfjj.it:>a ■ nawwu^aw— IK.n OF TRAPE SOUVF.mR NUMBEJR, nOAKD OF JKADE SOllENIR IllUlier I'Miuatioii. dictatorial (.lays, that those oxIioiik- iiKasuros woiilJ have licoii impossihle liaii not (iourhiy, liko Mackcnzio in later times, showetl an utter recklessness in what he said anJ did. llANTIMi'; tlie important qiiestion ot" education was conslanlly forcing; ilsi. ll to the front. The Rev. Dr. Straciian battled vigorously (or I'niversity traiiiinj^ under Anj^lican supervision, and finally, as already recorded, oh. lained Kinjj's l^nivcrsity, though not exactly in the form he wished. The Rev. Dr. Ryer>on foui^ht with eijual enert^y for hij^her education in a non-denominational sense, and linaliy established the L'niversily ot Victoria Collej^e at (."obourg. Both these threat men, however, overlooked at this time to a certain dcj,'ree the all-important education of" the child as distinct from the youtli. Hut they agreed upon the necessity o'i inculcating loyalt) in the sclu>ols and there is little doubt that several generations i>f people in Toronto owed much to the patriotic teach- ings of two men whose political opinions were widely sundered. Writing about this time Dr. .Strachan refers to the anti-Hritish education received by C'ana- dian youths in the I'nited States : - " 'I'll such .1 cmintrv our yonih n ay go, strongly ntt.iehcd Ip ilxir n.nlive lanil, Imt l>y iicarinj; its in-litiiliipiis coniiniially (Ifprici Icil and ttin^e (if itie I'nilfil .Sintts |iraistfhnien are proud." Dr. RyersoM wrote in much the sarne strain, and referred to the fact that " with very few exceptions American school books abound in statements and allusions prejudicial to the institutions and character of the British nation." In view of these facts therefore, and the constantly increasing population oi the Province, the Ciovernor and his advisers hail been exceedingly wise in drawing the atten- tion oi the Legislature, meeting in \'ork on cSth January, iHjq, to the stale i^i education, and advising reform of the Royal Cirammar School, so as to make if more generally popular ; and the exercise o'i unceasing care in attracting able masters to the care of the schools. The Assembly, in its reply to Sir John Colborne's address, promised to direct its anxious attention to the state o'i the public schools, and to consider improvements in "the present imperfect and unsatisfactory system." One of the results of the discussion and legislation which followed u auspices ol spler.ditl gri echoetl for sons, it nov and prestii^ newer buikl the men Ir.i who grew passing, it these year cralic prete home count ous practic Samuel I'eli i^'i the secon leading men party warfa opponents t cipals, who rowful dim; upon the mi gravely refe yet crimsoni at a previou Family Com were to be i a civic futiir clouds wliici sion in the h population. * Dent, -'l RADE SOW UNI R NLMBKR. 7>l followod was tho hiiikliii},' of IpiuT Canada (."iillcj^i.-, uiulor llic personal auspices of the (i.norni>r. This faiiunis cilinalional hiiililinj,'- still stands in its splendid },'rminds on Kinj;- street, opposite (;o\irnnienI House, but ;d'ter liavinj,' echoed lor half a century to the footsteps of many \.-\{ I'pper Canada's noblest sons, it now remains untenanted, its halls of learninj,' uiitilled. Its memories and presti^'e lia\e been transferred, so far as was possible, to another site aiul newer buildiii},' in a far-olT portion of the ffrt-at city, which has owed as much to the men trained in I'pper Canada CoIle},a> as did earlier Toronto to the boys who i,^rew up under the careful personal supervision of Dr. St radian. In passing-, it may be said that duellism was a custom occasionally met with durinir these years in C.mada and especially in York, where the younjf men of aristo- cratic pretensions liked ti> ';opy the foibles ;ind fashions prevalent in the s^'reat home country. Amonj,'st other misfortunes wiiich followed upon this mischicv- ou.s practice was the death, in 1.S17, of youn},*^ John Ridout at the hands of Samuel Peters Jarvis. Wan. II. J. Houlton had in his younjjer days been <^w of the seconds in tlie sad afVair. Hoth of the survivors subsequently became leading men in the (Jovernment party, and it proves the rutiilessn.vss oi the party warfare at that time that no l.ipse oi years was sullicient to prevent opponents throwingf the deed as a sort (•^'i murder in the faces oi the prin- cipals, who might be supposed to have long since expiated in remorse the sor- rowful climax to their folly in yielding to an evil custom. Hut it is a reflection upon the modern history of the times in question, when a Canadian historian * gravely refers to Jarvis, .some years later, as sitting in a court-room with his hands yet crimsoned "with the blood of young Ridout, which he had ruthlessly shed " at a previous period. .And all in order to make a point against tiic unfortunate l-'amily Compact. Hut the time was now at hand when the people of \'ork were to be merged into the citizens of Toronto and the foundations laid for a civic future, brighter and better than appeared possible, amid the darkening clouds which seemed to lower above the prt)yincial horizon and to find expres- sion ill the bitter appeals of VVm. Lyon Mackenzie and his friends to an excited population. IMkIut I'iiliif. Mull. 'Pi! : (I Dent. "The Story of ilie Upper C.inadian KelKllion.' 34 BOARD OF TRADE S VlliW IN RO ■ ^ wmmtmmmmmmm AKD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUMBER. ■^Mit^ntm VIEW IN ROSl^DALii. BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NU. PART II. — \'()l ITHl^M :i The Birth (jfn Grtiit City. THI-. L'ivic lifo K^i Toronto (.■onimonccd on the ()ih nt' March, 1^34, ami tlircc weeks later the nuinicipa! elections took place. It was hardh an auspi- cious opening- to the threat career which stretched ahead i.s'i. the Provincial Capital. Incorporation had been obtained from the Legislature by Tory iiitluence, and \ iolently opposed by the Reformers. So bitter indeed was party feelini,'- in those days, that the mere fact oi ov\rm, to the great sm-nrlse of the Tories, and the new Coimcil as a coiisetiiience was fo\nuI to ha\e a majority ol that political complexion. Its nieniber>liip is o'i interest, and includes many noteworthy names. The .Mdermen were as tvillows : St. Andrew's Ward St. David's W.i St. lieorges Ward St. I.awi'ence Waril St. Patrick's Ward I Dr. Thos. I). .Morrison. i jolui Harper. ) Win. Lyon Mackenzie. \ James Lesshe. I Thos. Carlrae. J r. I I'^hvard Wright. I (ieorge .Monro. I (icorge I^uggan, Sr. I Or. John Rolph. I Cieorge T. Henisi^n, Sr. The Councilmen incl'uled John .\rmstrong, John Doel, l-Vanklin Jacques, Colin Drimimond, John Craig, Cieorge Ciurnett, Wm. .\rthins, L. Bostwick, |oseph Turlon and James Trotter. It was gen -rally inulerstood that Dr. Rolph would be chosen .Mayor by the Council when its political color was seen ; but when the time for electiitn came, the Tories were made to drink their cup to the dregs, and W. L. .Mackenzie was clu>sen the fn>t Mayor o'i Toronto and the lirst Mayor in Cpper Canada. \'ery wisely the name had been altered by the .\ct o'i Incorporation from York to Toronto, and general satisfaction was felt at the change. For many years past something'' unsa\ory seemed to hang around the old historic de.signation Travellers, for some reason or other, had rarely come a\\a\ with a pleasant impression ^.-\{ Vork, while discontented writers of the Mackenzie-Ciourlay-Willis type had painted the place in such dark colors to the Knglish people the Province, I became symini there had ahva regarding " .Mi doubt ihat, as all the good th imder the foste its military situ throug-h settlei exceptions to tl nickname witlu tion upon whic! the then .Attorr because she h;i antl was conip desolate and m so, the inciden thereftire, it wa ding well says, in, and withal! worthy in shor chandize, mam beautiful name .At the tim» men amongst it Colborne, Lieir as I"'ield .Marsh; marked brevity great ability ar nuich to his ]■) many preceding. and popular Sii .Annals, and .Ma so singfularly n Rambles refers i I. e antii.|ue moi either Province innate ability, i educational atf;i of Toronto. .\l 3* a DE SOUVENIR NUMJ3Ek. 35 THKl :L TORONTO. I'.nf^lisli people, and had dLMuniiiced its leadini;- inon so vigorouslv tlirou;;!Knit '■'"" "''ii"'' a tlic ProviiKo, tliat in many country districts wlicrc liic stories were beliexcd, it became synonimoiis with tyranny, corruption and incompetence. Moreover, there Iiad always been a certain amount oi jealousy prevalent in outside towns ret,>-ardini,^ "Muddy Little York," as it was rrequeniiy called ; and tiiere is little doubt ihat, as the way of Capitals generally is, it did monopolize prettv nearh all the Ljood thini^s and a majority of the best men in the Province. London, under the losterins^ care oi its founder, Colonel Talbot ; Kingston, b\- \irtue of its military situation and Lord Horchestor's care in its earlv da\s ; Woodstock, throui^b settlement by a splendid body of I'. Iv. lAiyalists ; were, perhaps, exceptions to the rule. .And it is also evident that ^'ork did not carry its mudd\ nickname without cause. It was on'& of the misfortunes of the marshx founda- tion upon which part of it was built. Mrs. Anna jamieson, the clever wife i^i the then .Attorney-General of I'pper Canada, never forj^ot or forg-ave Toronto because she ha. I to land, upon lier first arrival, in a street ankle-deep in mud, and was compelled throuj^h some mistake, to w.alk more than a mile over desolate and muddy roads to her husband's home. And so far as she could Cw so, the incident was kept before the eye vi'( the public. For many reasons, therelVire, it was well the name had been chan::rc~d. N'et, as the Rev. Dr. Scad- dini,'- well says, the Upper Canadian \'ork was .i town pleasant enoui^-h to live in, iind withall plen'ifully supplied with men and women '^i sterlino- type ; worthy in short of its g-reater destiny as an emporium oi agriculture, mer- chandize, manufactures and learning, under its old Indian appellation, the beautiful name of Toronto. .At the time of its incorporation the new city boasted many distinguished men amongst its residents. First, by \irtue of his oHice, was Cieneral .Sir John Coiborne, Lieut. -Covernor o'^ I'pper Canada, and better known at a later date as iM'eld .Marshal Lord Seaton, (LCH., (i.C.MCi., CLC.H. He was a man of marked brevity in speech, so much so ;is to o'ii<^\M\ impassioned petitioners, o'i great ability ami determination, with a military reputation which added ver\ much to his prestige hi this respect, howe\er, he shared the honors with many preceding .Administrators ot the Province, including stately, handsome and popular Sir (Jordon Orummond, Sir (ieorge Murray, famed in i'eninsula Annals, and .\Lijor-Cieneral Sir i'eregrine Maitland. His personal character was so singularly noble, that Mrs. Jamieson in her Winter Studies and Summer R(U)il)!es refers incidentally to him as o\w "whose mind appeared to me cist in i.e antique mould oi chivalrous honor; and whom I never heard mentioned in either Province but with respect and veneration." Next to him, by virtue o< innate ability, intense energy, and high position in ecclesiastical, political and educational aflFairs, came the Rev. Dr. Strachan, soon to be the first Bishop of Toronto. At one moment his voice might be heard preaching in St. James \^- 3f' BOARD OF TRAD/'. i\ '! , \\\ II f I'i I I i ii The nirthofa ('l^iirch with rare efTectiveness and power. Not manv hours later lie mis^lit Great Citv . . ' , i r be ifiviii!.;' a clear jiidt^ment or opinion upon some branch ot g'overnmental policy at the Kxeciitive t'oiincil Board ; delivering a studied oration before the members oi the l,ei,'islati\ e (.■ouncil ; presenting some elaborate original report upon a topic oi current importance as t!ie voice of a l^egislative Committee ; LAKl-:SIDb: HOME P t'ounded hy jo addressing a patriotic gathering ot citizens; attending a meeting to deal with \arioiis educational interests ; or looking after some one of a thousand similar matters. Next in importance would be the Chief Justice of I'pper Canada, Hon. John Beverley Robinson, destined at a later period to be a Baronet of the Xx 30 AND OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUMBER. hours later lie niiglil f goveriimenlal policy J oral ion before the borate oris^inal report ;<;-islative Committee ; l„i,..U K don,, a Con,panio„ of .ho Ba.l,, and a O.C. I o. Oxford. Cour.l, JJ;.:,.--- :lt al, ah,. ,„c c' ,i.f JU.UO0 led in all social '^^^^ ^^''^^ 11- r.- ...1 ..fi'ilr^i -ind f Opposition rumors are to nc .iccepitu, nt Ivul on"- ed 111 po itical atl.iirs, anu n vi^i-^ • • i y ... ;„;i,K.d a ,oK.,u, ,l,o>,K.h concealed, factor in K'-'"^ '--- ;;^; ^ In point of personal importance dnring the next lew years, W nt. l.>on M,Kkcn.,c LAKliSIDh: HOME KOR LITTLE CHILDREN I-'duiuIlm! liv Iiilin K"ss knliLTlMm. meeting to deal with oi a thousand similar ce of I'pper Canada, lo be a Baronet of the may be numbered with the leaders ol tlie day, tlunii;h liis power and iniliience were destined to be short-lived, lion. R. S. Jamieson, a clever Scotchman, was .\ttoiney-Cieiieral, while Hon. James Buchanan Macaulay (afterwards Sir James) and Hon. Christopher A. Hagetman were Puisne Judy;es. The Recei\er- BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR Grenfclty"'"'*''""'"^''''' ot" the I'roviiicc tor many years, Hon. Jolin Henry Dunn, li- ed in a retired cottajje in tlie distant outskirts oi the town, and not far from tlie present junction of Queen and Peter Streets. .And Col. -Eneas Shaw, Col. Saltern ciivins, the Houltons, the Jarvis family, the Ridouts, Hewards, Macdonnells, and Baldwins, Hon. R. B.Sullivan, Q.C., Hr. Monison and Dr. Jolin Rolph :iil occupied places of importance in the life of Toronto when it was thus incor- porated nearly sixty years ago. The city itself was not larj^e, and must have been, despite hostile criticism, a charminiif place to live in. Its population only numbered 9,000, as compared with i,joo in 1 8 iq and about 450 in 1803. Without the fervid heat of a great centre or tiie intense cold of more northern regions, without cyclones or floods, its immunity from disasters at the hand of nature has always been remarkable. Delightful as the city now is, with its handsome streets and innumerable shade- trees, it must in many respects have been still more pleasant then. Sir Richard Bonnycastle, wiio long resided in its midst, describes the town as he first saw it (at about the time under consideration) as stretching east and west " along the shores o{ its spacious and beautiful harbor," and consisting of six parallel streets. Sitting in what he calls his little quiet and retired study, Capt. Bonny- castle, as he then was, used to survey the natural as well as other beauties of Toronto, atid he writes enthusiasticilly of the brilliant and daring blue-bird, the timid and splendid scarlet-bird, the orange-bird, the wooJ-pigeon and blue-jay, the robins, niglitingales and mocking birds which seem to have swarmed amid the dense foliago then surrounding the town. Many are almost unknown to the bustle oi a modern city, and have disappeared as completely as the great bald-eagle whicli occasionally disturbed the Captain's poultry, the "Canadian tiger" which he shot not far from York, or the bears which were still encoun- tered at times in the forests of Upper Canada in company with their friends the wolves. The principal streets at this time were I.ot, Hospital and Newgate, now more pleasantly called Queen, Richmond and Adelaide respectively ; King Stri'et and a small portion of Vonge and Dundas Streets, which latter were simply roads extending in the one case north to Lake Simcoe, and in the other westward a hundred miles to London. Ciiurch, George, Bay and York Streets were almost without buildings ; the wooden stores on King and ^'onge were more or less isolated from each other, and St. James Church was a wooden structure destined to be burnt for the second time in 1839. There were also Methodist, Presbyterian and Roman Catholic Churches oi a similar construc- tion ; a brick jail and very ugly Court-house, together with scattered private houses and a wheat-field where the Rossin House now stands ; a rough-cast Cioveriimeiit House and unpleasant looking Parliament Buildings unpleasant to the modern eve at least. So well did the town deserve its muddy sobriquet, that Samuel Thompson, a pioneer resident and journalist, says that in crossing Church Street near King, boots were drawn off the feel by the tough clay soil. There were rude fiagged pavements here and there, but not a solitary planked footpath, until the construction of side-walks was commenced by the new City Council in 1834. Pretty as the location was, however, Toronto had in those days not a few drawbacks. The Rosedale Ravine, famous to-day for its beauty, was then an object o'i dread to the traveller. The waggon tracks passing up the steep 1 described ; near the L; Market Sti The n about amc them were residence 1 Simcoe am [ustice Boi while Pet( " Petersfie bell, who afterwards intersectio a long lim at this per Yorkville 1 since. BCT air begi wen were steac Trade buil of civic, pi surely the Among th Kastwood starch, of referred tc the found; manufaclii manufactii Co. had enterprise on the cor attorney, f J. K. Rog Ridout Br done and may be s; time as to " 1 wa?- ihird of its good pi. ink > TRADE SOUVENIR NUMBER. 37 iMi<4' the the sleep slopes, through a strata of bluisli elay, can be imagined better than ^_^^^'i''^^.|{'°'"" described at seasons when rain or thaws were prevalent. N'onge Street at and near the Lai\e was a notorious slough, and tlie building lots between Front and Market Streets could then have been bought for an old song. The residences of prominent men and leading merchants were scattered about amongst what are now the great business thorough I. ires, and most of them were surrounded by extensive private grounds. Scott street marks the residence and grounds of Chief Justice Thomas Scott ; between ^'onge and Simcoe and below Richmond were the more or less spacious mansions of Mr. justice Boulton, Chief Justice Powell, Dr. Sirachan and Mr. Justice Hagerman, while Peter street commemorates the Hon. Peter Ru'iseH's homestead oi " Petersfield." Duke street contained the brick house of Chief Justice Camp- bell, who died in the year of incorporation, and whose place for many years afterwards was the hospitable residence of Mr. James Ciordon. The present intersection of .Albert and ^'onge streets marks the site of Wykhani Lodge, for a long time the residence of Cliief Justice Sir James Macaulay. Fr.im thence at this period a fine forest lined \'onge street almost continually through where Vorkville now stands. So much for the topography of Toronto half a century since. \'\ Bl'T already changes of importance, the marks of coming development, liad -i-iie March oi begun to appear. The handsome steamers which now throng the Hay ^'"•^''°^'^'"^"'" were, it is true, only represented by seven or eight steam vessels, bvit they were steadily increasing in number. .Such structures as the splendid Board of Trade building, in which the princes of commerce now meet to discuss quc-tions of civic, provincial and national import, were then undreamt oU but slowly and surely the trades, occupations and professions of a great city were being built up. .Among the industries of the day were the manufacture of paper by Messrs. Kastwood & Skinner, iron and steam-engine manufactories, the manufacture of starch, of soap and of candles. The brewery of Mr. Helliwell has already been referred to, and Messrs. Gooderham & Worts had not long before this date laid the foundations of a colossal fortune by the building of a windmill for the manufacture oi flour. Dr. Robinson controlled a steam saw-mill for the manufacture of lumber, and the British .America Fire and Marine Insurance i^o. had just been incorporated. The well-known Jesse Ketchum, whose enterprise and public spirit did so much for early Toronto, had his large tannery on the corner of Adelaide and Yonge streets, while the names of Clarke Clamble, attorney, etc. ; Cieorge Duggan, general store, etc. ; \V Arthurs, groceries, etc. ; J. K. Rogers, hatter and furrier; James Beatty, woollen and cotton warehouse ; Ridout Bros. & Co., ironmongers, indicate the general character of the business done and the chief business men oi the day. .As an evidence of this progress it mav be said that Sir R. H. Bonnycasile was able to write ten yenrs from this time as follows : - ' " I was greatly sur|)rised and pleased to see the alterations since 1S37 in Toronto, then not one- third of its present size. Now it is a city in earnest with upwards of 20,000 inhabitants, gas-lit. with good pl.ink sidewalks and macadamized streets, vast sewers, anil houses of l)rick and stone.'' 3« nOARP OF J RADl'. SOUl'I- TORONTO UNIViiF / ^. OF JRADE SOU] E NIK Xl'MBER. 'OHONTO UNlVliHSri'Y. BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR improvenient. '^"^ '" ^'P'le ot prof,'ress and comparative prosperity the inliabilaiits oi Toronto, duun^ its first three years o( civic life, iniglil well exclaim that the times were out of joint. They hail a new system and a Reform mayor, but improvements had to be paid for ; increased taxation was found to be unpleasant and the newly impi>sed three-pence in the pound was decidedly unpopular. Asiatic cholera struck the city a severe blow in its sweep over luirope and this continent ; and finally the irrepressible Mackenzie became a still greater fire- brand and mischief in his now responsible position than he had ever been before. The Mayor's first noteworthy action was certainly a remarkable one. He had received a letter from Joseph Hume, the British Radical .M. \\, with whom his relations had been so intimate upon a recent visit to I':nj,rland in the interest of the Reform party, and as the letter referred in violent and abusive languajje to the Rev. Ej^erton Ryerson, Mackenzie promptly published it in display type in the pages of the Colonial Ai/iocate. A short time prior to this, it may be said, the two latter had quarrelled and the distinguished editor of the Christian Guardian was being' mercilessly malig;ned by his quondam friend. Indignant, however, as people might be at personal abuse of a man like Ryerson, it was something so common in connection with the Advocate that it would have been soon forgotten had not Hume in referring to the crisis now approaching in Canadian affairs spoken of current political proceedings as events which would "terminate in independence and freedom from the baneful domination of the Mother-country." These extraordinary words from the pe,i of a leading Knglish politician, published in large type by the new mayor cf Toronto, created an immense sensation. Indignation meetings were held all over the Province, at which loval addresses to His Majesty were passed Before noon on the day ot the publication a mass meeting had been called in Toronto and a vote of censure unanimously passed upon the mayor, while the papers everywhere, with very few exceptions, denounced Mackenzie. As the British American Journal of St. Catherines put it : "The sentiments contained in this letter * * * irresist- ably force the conclusion upon our m-nd that it is the premature disclosure of a plan long premeditated to separate the Canadas from the empire of Great Britain and either annex them to the States or establish separate independent Republican Governments ; as far as the author or publisher of the letter is concerned, it is immaterial which." When a Reform paper would write in this way concerning Mackenzie, and bearing in mind the fact that Marshall Spring Bidwell and Dr. Rolph were known to favor American Republicanism, we can hardly wonder that Tories of those days should have battled vigorously against encroachments and changes which they conscientiously believed to be the preliminaries to a peaceful achievement of that which war had failed to win. There can be little doubt that in this conflict of rival principles there was much of honor and honesty in both parties. On the one side was a respect for law and order carried almost to extremes, sind a loyalty to King and constitution which would have led its supporters to again fight as bravely for an idea as they or their fathers had already done in the war of the Revolution, or in the struggle of 1 812, and which reminds us in its pathetic contest with advancing democracy of the gallant men who fought for Prince Charlie, or died in the thousand and one name! survive, refer to tl Province ii ■ Th-o whii." ti t' \ " Ka,....y C inclinet li the people early peric republican! policy and the admisf before the bench and continuous* tempt, bef( have rend< least an a|- institution! defenders inscribed t great as t have had them, ten whom the) views ot t the colum degree, be parties, an the Strach Such propi representa sible, the 1 the militar Reserves, product of it is remen TRADE SOUVENIR NUMBER. 39 one nameless conflicts of past ages, tliat tlieir allc^nancc or principles ni'K'^' iroprovenKnt. survive. As Wm, Kirby so heaiitifully tiescribes the V. V.. Loyalists, so \vc may refer to the duty which they earnestly thou. ^. m ^w* I |«'l!J-.'*.- ^s^^Si "*^4^ 4 I/) Ul Q u h U /M BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR inif)rovemeu't. P""^'"^''^' ' '''^"'^^' ''"''-" ''^^' people wero educatcu up to responsihilitics wliich only ca.\r2 eventually after many yiars of evolulion ; liow grossly unfair and violent the partizans o\' these proposals proved ; how they eni^tndered fatal suspicions hy inchidins; in their programme such ideas as an elective Council and an elective Ciosernor, and b\' I'-ronceiled tendencies towards indeiiendence or annexation in disj^uise as it wis considered 'I'oronto people in the present day can understand wiiy their predecessors of sixtv years since came to be so hotly divided on questions in which we all now agree. Meantime Mackenzie's mayoralty was drawing' to a close. It liad been distinguished chietl} by the cultivation of discord. \ few wise steps had been taken, one of which was the arrangement of the city's finances by a loan of $5.oo:i, to pay wiiich tlie tax of threepence in the pound, already referred to, w i:; imposed. A*, this lime the value of all the property in ihe cit\' was luider halt a million dollars, while the debt for Market buildings was $45,000. So that the refusal of Or. W'idmer, President of the Upper Canada Hank, to advance the above loan, was probably justifiable iVom a financial standpoint, though poli- ticians claimed that it was done because the Docti r held 'lory views. How- ever, by means of personal bonds, the Maj'or and Council had finally obtained the money from the i''armers' Hank. .Another timely action was tiie abolition of the long-honored custom of punishment by means of the stocks. This reform was hastened by the arbitrary conduct of the Mayor in placing a drunken woman in the public pillory for throwing her muddy shoe at him as he presided upon the Magistrate's bench. He was, in wict, the last I'pper Canadian Magistrate to use this barbarous puiiisiiment. At the close of this year the elections were iicld, and the lief'.M-mers obtained a small majority in the Assembly. Rolph and the Haldwins refused to be candidates. The County ol York returned four Reformers David Ciibson, a surveyor, living eight miles north of the city ; Dr. T. D. Morrison, an old-time membei ; John Mcintosh, of VorciV.o, and .Mac- kenzie himself. Samuel Lount came in for one of the Simcoes, and W. H. Robinson, a brother of the Chief Justice and a vigorous Tory, for the other. Tlie closing of the year was further noteworthy for the demise of the Colonial Adi'ocdfc, so far as .Mackenzie was concerned, thoug.i it continued for a while untlei' anothei' name. Sir Francis 1)011(1 Htad AT the I'ollowing municipal elections In January, 18,^5, the retiring Mayor ran agiiin for the Council, but was defeated by Robert Haldwin Sullivan, Q.C., a brilliant law ver, a popular Irishnian, a cousin of the Reform politician whose name lie bore in part, a one-time Reformer, but now a moderate Tory, who had become disgusted with extreme Radicalism. He \,'as immediately chosen Mayor bv the incoming C'lumcil, and his terr was one of cpiiet pn.gress and steadv improvement. The year was distinguished hy a report from the .Assem- bly Special Committee on Grievances which Mackenzie had (obtained, and the report sliowed very plainly that there wer-^ abuses which required amendment, though not exac'iy in the way proposed. Sir joh.i Colborne retired from the Governorship ;• the end of the vear, and in Januaiy, 1^3(1, Sir Krancis Hond Head arrived from I'ingland to assume the poi.i, being welcomed to \o\k by the 1^ TRADE SOUVENIR NUMBER 41 liicli only d violent Lispicions 1 and an ence or .\sont day so hotly had been had been I loan '^'i d to, W 1:: .ler halt a ) that the 'ance the Ligh poli- V How- obtained olition oi is reform n woman upon the i St rate to ons were . Rolph rned tour cily ; i")r. uid Mac- id VV. H. he other. Coloiii il ir a while layor ran an, qX.. politician ite Tory, My chosen ijfress and le Assem- , and the endment, from the icis l^ond .•)rl< bv the newly-elected Mayor, Dr. Thomas I). Morrison. No man has been more '\ll^^l^^^l^ discussed in Canadian history and politics, and no one has been more heartily abused than Sir !'". B. Head. He appears to have been a man of pleasinjjf manners and address, but to have had the misfortune of rulini^ Upper Canada durini^ a period (^i transition. This is the real trouble. He was not sent out to !.;^ive Responsible Clovernment to the Colony, but to administer its affairs accordinj^ to precedent and >he interests of the Empire. Hut the Reformers tliout;ht for some inscrutable reason that he was a Liberal cominj;- from a Liberal Government to chaiiij^-e the whole constitution and to defy his ministers. And thev never forgave him the mistake. On the ow^ side he is described as airy and superficial, without ability or knowledge. On the other hand up to the time of his admitted weakness in handling a rebellion which he refused to believe possible, the Tories thought he did his duty and did it well. At any rate he tried to get at the bottom of the troubles, but Ibund conilicting opiii -ns upon all sides. Various persons were consulted, and finally Sir Francis ap. pointed three prominent Reformers— Robert Baldwin, John Rolph and John Henry Dunn to the lilxecutive Council. After a few weeks, however, they resigned, and the end thereof was worse than the beginning. In tiicir place, R. B. Sullivan, Q.C., John i-:imsley, .Augustus Baldwin and W'm. Allan were appointed, but they were hardly pronounced enough in opinion to suit the popular clamor in certain directions, although men of excellent position and high character. As an illustration of the tension whicii now existed, ■' may be mentioned that the Lieut. -Governor in replying to an address from certain citizens of Toronto declared that he would respond to it with as much attention as if it emar.aed from a branch of the legislature, but added that he w "uld use "plainer and more homely language." This simple reference to the formality of tiie reply which would naturally be given by the King's Represen'ative to an .Address from the Legislature was taken by the Reformers as an insuJt, and was made nuii.-h o\ accordingly. In the rejoinder to this unfortunate observaiion prepared bv Ilr. Rolph and another, is to be found the iirst low tinitlerings of rebellion : " If your h^xcellency will not go.ern us upon these (Reform) principles, you will exercise arbitrary sway, you will violate our charter, virtually abrogate our laws, and justly forfeit our submission to your authority.'' Xo wonder that, as .Mackenzie's biographer says, the Lieut. -(iove rnor was "puzzled a.ul half distracted " when such a cause produced such a document. The events oi the session prior to the dissolution of the Assembly in May; 1H36, after its refusal to pass the supplies, was nol.ible for a b-illiant speech by ,\tlorney-General Hagerman against Responsible Government, in which he quoted the Roval Instructions to the Governor as follows : "To the end that our said Kxecutive Council may be assisting you in a!' affairs relating to our service you are to communicate to them such and so man\ of these our instruct-ons, wherein their advice is mentioned to be requisite, and likewise all such others from time to time as you shall find convenient for our service to be -mparted to them." This quotation was in reality a defence of Sir Francis, who could hardly ^o bevond what had been appointed as the range of his duties, and who scrii- mniiTiminimiiiiii MiiiiTirilHii iwnnnrf reatly inlUienced the succeeding history of his IVovince. Hidweli, Perry, l.ount and even Mackenzie were defeated, the latter hy a man little known and o'i no iniluence. The other N cnv tlu wa many hi^ in fact, o fallin''' in M'ORONTO JAIL. three Ridings of \'ork returned their former representaiives. Dr. Rolph, however, was elected in Norfolk, and this success att'ordtd one briyht gleam of light to the Reformers. A few months after the Assembly elections in January 1837 — tieorge Ciurnett, afterwards for many years I'olice Magistrate, was chosen Ma-or of the cit\. pomtment possessed later the come with he failed 1 great reni J TRADE aOUVENJR NUMBER. Ml.' sonu' in allci- lis entry need the iiekenzie lie other NOW bei;;in events whicli were to seriously hamper the progress, and impede ^^T'^'^^'''""'"" llie prosperity oi 'I'lMoiito for the time beiiii^. The storm-cloud of rebellion was about to burst, and thoui;li it proved a small afTair compared to many historic outbreaks, y<'t it was thought serious enout;h at the time, and in fact, only an accidental chantje oi date prevented the (.'apital from really falling into the hands of the rebels. The season o'i political defeat and disap- w\ I * 1* 'I TORONTO JAIL. i\olph, learn of January te, was pointmcnt had been a vital occasion for Wm. I.yon Mackenzie. Had he possessed the true elements of greatness he would have waited and a few years later the benelicial reforms, for which in many cases he fought, would have come without bloodshed and without the hatred engendered by civil strife. But he failed to rise to the occasion, and history has but to record the collapse of a great reputation amid :i tempest of disaster. The summer of 1H37 heard many 44 BOARD OF TRADE The Rebellion rumors of approaching^ insurrection. The l'"rench-Canadians were known to have a large number of their people ripe for it, and a secret correspondence was kept up between their leaders and those who were pushing a similar movement in I'pper Canada. Meetings oi tiie Toronto conspirators, including men like Morrison, Tims, O'Grady, Price, Clibson, Doel, and of course, Mackenzie, were frequently held in Doel's brewery on Bay Street. While the more moderate Reform leaders, such as Dr. W. W. Baldwin, Robert I^akhvin, Bidwell, and others, held aloof from the violent faction, there seems to be little reason to doubt their knowledge of what was going on and their failure to warn the I.ieut.-Ciovernor, who utterly refused to believe that a ebellion was possible, even denuding I'pper Canada fOf troops in order to aid the authorities of the Lower Province. Mackenzie, who had again taken to the literary expression of his opinions in the Const Hut ion — once the famous Advocate certainly put things plainly. Ow^i. appeal commenced as follows, and commemorates the Tory election victory : " \'e false Cr.natlians I Tories I I'ensionf rs I i'lacenien I I'Millif;- ates ! ( )ianj!;enien I Cluirchmen I .Spies 1 Informers 1 Brokers! (1am- blers ! I'arasiies anil Knaves of every caste anjht with arms at hand and the expectation \.s{ battle in the morning. Meanwhile Mackenzie had returned to Montgomery's, and found that blood had been shed in his absence. Lieut -Col. Moodie, a gallant retired ollicer of Peninsular fame, had endeavored to ride past the taxern ov\ his way to warn the authorities, but was mercilessl\ shot down. .\ little later in the day Dr. Home's residence at Rosedale was burnt to the ground by the rebels, instigated, it is generally believed, by a personal spile oi Mackenzie's. The tlames and smoke were \isible all oxer the city, and, it is needless to say, added greatly to the alarm. In the morning Mackenzie found that he liad some 800 men under him, and once more was urging an advance, when suddenly a tlag of truce was borne to the camp with a message from ihe Ciovernment. Carried by no less a person than Dr. John Rolph, one of their own leaders, backed by Robert Baldwin, tiie surprise of the insurgents may be imagined. It is safe, however, to assume tiiat the canny Doctor had seen the coming collapse and was preparing to save himself from unpleasant conse- quences. .Mackenzie's repl\ to the Governor's query as to what was wanted did not lack brevity and incisiveness. Bui " Independence and a convention to arrange details" was hartlly a debatable subject, so thai the flag of truce and a subsequent repetition of tlie peaceful mission were alike useless. The object of the (lov ernor was no doubt delay, as every hour brought him fresh detach- ments c^i loyalist militia and volunteers, notably sixty of the "gallant men of Ciore," headed by Mr. Speaker McNab, o'i Hamilton, and parties from Niagara, Oakville, and elsewhere. Thus another day was wasted by the rebels, and on Wednesdav night Sir Francis found that he had 1,500 \olunteers undv r arms. Next morning too troops, led by the (iovernor himself, with Colonels McXab and I'itzgibbon as .Adjutants, marched up Vonge street towards Montgomery's tavern, while two divisions, led respectively by Colonels W. Chisholm and S. P. Jarvis, advanced across the fields to the east and west of the main road. Within half a mile of the tavern the skirmish began, and ended in the flight and dis- persal oS. the rebels after a short but sharp struggle, in which quite a few were wounded. The battle of " (iallows Hill," as it has been called, terminated in the burning of Montgomery's place and Ciib.>-on's house by order of the Governor, and the capture of a large nu . ber of rustic rebels, all of whom were released by Sir Francis after he had admonished them to be better subjects in future. Next day volunteers were called for at the City Hail and slept rtgularly on duty for the ensuing four months. Those were exciting times in Toronto. Not long after the triumphant return oi the Cunernor, six hundred men oi Simcoe paraded down ^'onge Streei headed by Highland pipers and bringing in sixty prisoners, most o'i whoi soldiers was known in Ti the voluntee from Brockv soon filled w the chief of tl Morrison, J. along King I corner of To I'nited State have doiditlt would have many persor authority is slowness in t writing of th •' Wlirtl Win liiiini|ili ? Thi- ll U111L-, were 1)111 Imvu been sliol uilli llie lear.s c uaiidis, uaces i iiivL'd and the h That the fait had the rebe that Mackei to admit tha ly compensa of two of tht often ex pre.' guilty than t were let otT ' were the lea lesson shoul o{ -Mac ken z Silas Fletch afterwards v Lount and After senten petitions foi had succeed men are so but the Chr\ Rev. Kgert< verdict of pc •' This der of the band cif 1 sas!Ww*iwas? 'ADE SOVIENIR A'L'MJJER. 45 most of wlioni wero rekMsetl on parole sliortiv afterwards. Amonc'st the Simcoe ''''l* '''■'>*'"°'' soldiers was Huyh Scobie, a stalwart Scotsman, destined a little later to be well known in Toronto as the publisher of the Brifis/i ('oioiiis/. Afterwards came the volunteers from the Newcastle District, who had marched all the w ay from Hrockville under the command of Colonel Ogle R. Ciowan. Toronto was soon filled with some 10,000 volunteers. But the great sensation occurred when the chief ot those who had been arrested after the battle, including' Dr. Thomas I). Morrison, J. (I. Parker, and others, preceded by a loaded cannon, were marched aloii}^ Kinj^ Street to the jail, now called N'ork Chambers, and situated at the corner of Toronto and Court Streets. Mackenzie and Rolph had escaped to the United States, and thus ended a rebellion which, but for an accident, would have doiditless caused a civil war o^ serious dimensions. That little mercy would have been shown by the victors had Toronto been captured is stated by many persons connected with the winning side, but perhaps a more impartial authority is Sir Richard Bonnycastle, who condemns the Ciovernmcnt for its slowness in reform as freely as he denounces the supporters o[' Mackenzie. In writing of this event — "The Canadas in 1841 '" he says : ■' \Vh:U WDuld Cannda Invc liucn now suffering; liail M.irkfu/ii- :\w\ \'a\w\c:\\\ injciyvd ii icnipdraiv uiuinph ? Till' lilcidd ot'ihe veneral)le Moodii', llic nuirdcr ond li.irl)aiiHis mulilalion ol' |(iIiii>1(iir' niid IIuiiR', were l)ut precursors of the fate writlcii down in tluir d unnL-d rolls lor luMidrtds who wcrr lo have hccn shot and jdliuUed. These rolls were found ; and ihc ink they were u riUcn with, Moiled wilhthe tears of the widows an who did afterwards fdl in oppo;,in}j these runaway traitors, traces in characters never to he eTfaced the \ent;eance wlrcli nuisl visit the hends that con- trived and the hands that wrote these awful scroll-." That the fair City of Toronto would have witnessed many scenes of bloodshed, had the rebels won a temporary triumph can hardly be doubted, and the fact that Mackenzie lived to express his deep regret for the events of this period and to admit that " success would have deeply injured the people of Cai:ada " is hard- ly compensation for those days of terror and conflict, and the death by hanging of two of the men whom he had misled Loinit and Matheus. Sympathy is often expressed for these men, and there is no doubt that others were more guilty than they. Hut some punishment had to be inflicted, and while many were let off with imprisonment at King.stcn or with nominal sentences, these two were the leaders amongst those caught, and ilie troublous times required that a lesson should be taught. A reward of _£,' 1,000 had been offered for the capture oi -Mackenzie and ^.500 for the apprehension oi David Gibson, .Samuel Loimt, Silas I'^letcher and Jesse Lloyd. Rolpii had already fled and Hidwell not long afterwards voluntarily exiled himself. .A few months later on .\pril 1.2th, 1838, I.ount and Mathews were duly executed at Toronto as traitors and rebels- After sentence had been passed upon them by Chief Justice Robinson, sundry petitions for clemency had been addressed to General Sir George Arthur, who had succeeded Sir I'". H. Head in March of this year, but without elTect. These men are sometimes absurdly termed " the iirst martyrs to Canadian liberty," but the Christian Giiunliaii, April i8th, voicing the individual sentiments oi Rev. Kgerton Ryerson, seems also to have represented what shou'd be the verdict of posterity : ■' This decision was probably founded njainly upt n the consideration that I.ount was the leader of the band of rebels, who marchsd lo Montgomery's on the fatal night in v hich the gallant Colonel n. I liiiji 4(. no. I A'/) or TRAnE ^ii a; I \ \' The Meln-nioii Modilie was niiinlcreil. ami llial no Ucls have lraii.|iirtil loclicil \\w .iiliial |icr|ii'li.il(irs of lljal liotr d °^'^' (Iccil ; and ihal Mathews was the lead, r of the jurly who Inirne 1 the piopeity of Mr>. Wa-hlairi', attempted to Imrn the 1 )op iiriili;e, killed a man and liied iijioii a woman who esposliilated wiili llurn. With the Jcparliirc of Sir I'"rimcis Hoiul-Heail ; the excciitii>ii of llic two rebels; and tlie election as niayiir <-\i 'I'oronto in |ainiary, iS^S. I'll Akierrnan John Powell, who hail dislinf^iiished hinisell' li\ sluioiini;- Anderson at a moment when his ability and enerii-y could be ill-sp ired by the rebels, terminate the incidents ol' Ihe rebellion so tar as the Capital was concerned. It is only just to say of the retiring- (iovenor tliat his departure caused rej^ret amid a wide circle. Dr. Alpheus Todd, (.'. M.Ci., an impartial authority writing; at a later date ^ow- cerninof him, says: '"lie was as true as steel and most staunch to l!iiii^!i law and Hriiish principle in the trying daNsol iiis administration in Canada. His lo\ally waschivalrous and majj^'netic; by his en- li}.jhtened enthusiasm in a g'ood cause he evoketl a true spirit of loyalty in Upper (."anada." The ultimate verdict o^ his- tory will be tiial, while not a strong' character in a crisis, lie yet tlid ili^ utmost Irom a ceitaiii point ('I'i view, ami uiili certain delinile principles, lor tile welfare <^'( this I'roviiice and its Capital. DCRIXC; the year fol- low iii" the Robelll Ml Sir tieoroe .Aitluir administered the affairs o\ I'pper Canada, and coi;- tinueil to i\o so until the Cnion of iliii 1 at a nuiiiient ulien liiiato the iiK'iilonls s utily Jusl to say oi a wide circk'. Dr. a later dale eon- statineh to l!riiivli ' time by tlie taiiious eriior-Cieneral onl\- LHled by that astute, 'tt Thomson, atter- ti> tile Capital with riial describing- the As the promised s announced in the :ognized by (ircat ■atch-tower <-\{ her conservative iiistiliitions, and the iniprcf^nable outwork of civil and reli},nous liberty." This was beautifid. but when it was disct>vcrcd a little later that the nominal j^rantin^ oi Responsible (iiueriiment invi'Ived a transfer of the tapilal from Toronlo lo Kinj^-ston, this aiul other ji>urnals somewhat nioderateil their transports. When Mr. Thomson arrived in Toronlo on .N'o\eniber jist, it was with the I bjecl oS. ubtainini.,'- the consent ol the Le,i,n«^Iiitiire lo proposals similar to those already accepted in Ijuebec. The two parties hardly knew how to \ iew him and his mission. lie had been a Whit;- in politics, anil this made the Tories suspicious. The Keiormcrs were disposed to a favorable estimate, but lor the moment they were in a crushed and maimcil minority. Maldwin ami the belter spirits of their party held ali>ol. Hut the Ciovernor-Cieiieral was a clever politician. I [e easily j^r^t the scheme ol rnion lhroui,'-|i the pi>pular branch of the l.ei^islature, and passed it in the I'pper House by jippeal- inj,-- to the loyally of its 'I'ory members, and to the tact that the measure w.is desired by the Imperial Cnn eminent. Later, an Imperial Act o'i Tnion was passed. I>y pav la- mation rpper.iiul F.ower Canada were united o\\ b'ebruary i ot h, 1X41. Needless to say, a mea- sure which retluced To- ronlotVoni a metropolitan city to a niere commercial centre was not popular amoiij^st its ambitious citizens. Trade had not ill those days attained tlij i->roportions which ere loii that wIkii snme t;ifal jiainler dips Hi, poncii in the i^l..,,;,! nf cartJKni.ikc ami eclipse," and a few siorekeepers even olTered to sell their stocks at a substantial reduc- 1 t ,h -•! TT" 'rT''-'^' '''■''' ^'^-^^ forebodinj^s were a niistake, and absuid. hetween incorpor^.tion and the time of change in the seat of (unern- IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) 1.0 I.I 1.25 m m ''" III? 6 6" M 12.2 2.0 1^ 11 1.6 V2 <^i?' .^3 c-: 4 0% .m^>^ ..' %. ^ J^ /. o' Oj^P/ W Photographic Sciences Corporation 23 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580 (716) 872-4503 V ^v ^^ ^•»% ^.^S?*^«i^ $Wm»?i A BOl'T this time an Toronto's . . ,. Railways. energetic citizen or y^^V^-tfCi , Aafe>.'fe*«?i«** 'J****- .- t^-r:'^: Toronto, Mr. F. C. Capreol, began to agitate for a railway to connect Toronto with Lake Huron. Aided by J. C. Morrison, M.P.P., Ben- jamin Holmes, M.P.P. of Montreal, H. J. Boulton, M.P.P., Postmaster Berczy, J. D. Ridout, and others, he finally succeeded in starting the Northern Railroad upon the path to success. He obtained a charter from the Provincial Parliament, the Royal assent by a voyage to England, a donation of ;£, 25,000 from the Corporation of Toronto, and a loan of ;£^35.ooo from the same body, an issue of debentures by the Simcoe County Council to the amount of ;£^5o,ooo, and a grant of one-half the cost of the road from the Legislature. That subsequent disagreement with the Directors should have severed his It west from spadina ave., looking east. fUency's entrance loyalty ultimately l>r-General which. Ig" and the com- the blessings of |ive of the Queen s gratifying to :eption accorded BOARD 02< TRADE SOUVENIR JVUA Toronto's Rnilwavs. connection with the road is rej^rettable, hut does not lielract from Mr. Capreol's jrreat service to Toronto in promoting,- the establishment of its fust hne ot railway. Hy January, 1K55, it was open to Collinfrwood, and ere that date had proved the precursor of jfreater ramilications. and the commence- ment of those connections which have since contributed so i;rcatiy to the pro- j>:ress oUhe Queen City of the West. A little later in the same year the Grand Trunk Railway, after various ups and downs, was completed from Montreal to Toronto, and the line opened on October 27th by a irreaf and enthusiastic demonstration at the former place. The Great Western Raii,vayto Hamilton was completed in December, and on the succeeding- ist oi July connection was also made with Guelph. Thus Mr. Capreol's initial efforts, powerfully followed up by Mr. Geor^'e Laidlaw and others, within a very short period established Toronto as the centre of a ^^rowinj,' transportation system, which in later years has included the Toronto Cirey and Kruce Railway, the Toronto and N'ipissing, the Credit Valley and the Canadian Pacific. A few minor events marked this period. In 1847 the Ward ot St. James was formed out oi St. David's Ward, and in 185^5 St. John's was formed out of St. Patrick's. The year 1851 witnessed the election of Mr. John Georg-e Bowes, whom a contemporary alderman and journalist describes as "by far the ablest man who ever filled the Civic chair." He was, indeed, remarkably enerj^etic, popular and successful, though unfortun- ate enough to be mixed up in the third year of his occupancy, with a personal purchase of municipal debentures at a discount of twenty per cent., which tor some time injured his usefulness and influence. Without going into needless particulars of an afTair which created wide discussion at the time, it ma} be said that, in conjunction with the Premier. Mr. (since Sir Francis) Hincks, the Ma\or bought a large amount of Ontario, Simcoe and Huron Railway- now the Northern Railway — stock, and that Parliament at the ensuing session raised the debentures to par. Though the transaction ultimately turned out to the city's benefit, Mr. Bowes suffered considerable public condemnation and some pecuniary loss before the affair was finally settled. But it cleared the air and did good, both in municipal and provincial politics, as public opinion was evidently against men in positions of trust using their knowledge to obtain pecuniary benefit. Some years later Mr. Bowes regained all the old-time respect and popular esteem and was Mayor for three years and also a represent- ative of Toronto in the Legislature. Early in 1S51 Mr. George Gurnett, a well- known citizen, became Police-Magistrate, and towards the close of the same vear Mr. Cieorge Brown was elected to the Parliainent, in which he was destined to hold so prominent a position, though a (<:w months previously he had been beaten in Haldimand, after a most exciting contest, by Wm. Lyon Mackenzie. While these occurrences had been taking place the city was steadily growing. Men might come and men might go, but its progress appeared to be the same. By the census of 1851 its population numbered 30,775, of whom 4,958 were English in origin; 2,169 Scotch; ''iS^S 'ris^h ; 10,423 Canadian, and the rest scattering. The Church of England had the greatest number of adherents — ii,577 ^" told, — the Roman Catholics following with 7,940, Presbyterians of all kinds with about 4,500, and Methodists of various degrees with some 4,200 adherents. The general appearance of the city was commensurate with its advance in other respects, and ? viewed things ^'ork, describes lake shore, han buildings which struction, are si England." He the conipaiative principles and n tribute, from or something of it; is the further r Toronto during just over the bo In 1853, the first trouble the ado should be (o condition of all 1 tion of the work lessees that the pressed upon pu into the city for been complicate! late .Alderman V Committee on ) supervision, assi for the improven called for and fin was one which, city and saved discussion durin ^.'10,000 for the Esplanade, and ( ments and stone \'ork or Simcoe out of the subsec stock, an agitati the contract. 1 ne\'er since been signs of progress Up to 1852, the small building 01 for the accomodt boxes in the Pos clerks and one was not up to t\ control of our Pc •VOKMNWlMlOaMiMI )/t SOUVENIR NUAiJiER. 51 respects, and Mr. II. S. TrenKMibocre, an ICiijjIisli traveller, wlio evidently viewed things dillerently fruni the fashion prevalent in the rmij;h old dajs of ^'o^l<, describes it as "spreading over a wide and gently rising plateau on the lake shore, handsomely built, increasing most rapidly and possessing public buildings which, in dimensions, in correctness of taste and in solidity of con- struction, are surpassed by few of a similar kind in the second rale towns of Kngland.' He speaks also oi the city's wealth as steadily increasing under the comparatively slow, yet certain and beneficial operation of strict business principles and mercantile honour such as is prevalent in the Old Country. Th.is tribute, from one who had just travelled through the L'nited States and seen something of its rapid and mushroom-like civic development, is interesting, as is the further reference to the few failures and financial mutations visible in Toronto during twenty years in comparison with those constantly taking place just over the border. In 1853, the apparently interminable Ksplanade question had commenced to first trouble the citizens. As far back as 1840 it was determined that an esplan- ade should be formed aid a by-law was passed by the City Council making it a condition of all water-loc leases, that the lessees should construct their own por- tion of the work. May, 1852, witnessed the first active step in the notification of lessees that their engagements would be enforced. The matter was further pressed upon public attention by the necessity of settling the method of entrance into the city for the Cirand Trunk and Northern Railways, just as it has since been complicated by the claims of the Canadian Pacific and other lines. The late Alderman W. Gooderham, a much respected citizen, was Chairman of the Committee on Wharves and Harbors in the year referred to, and under his supervision, assisted by the labors of Aid. Samuel Thompson and others, tenders for the improvement of the water-lots and the construction of an esplanade were called for and finally awarded to Messsrs. Gzowski & Co. The accepted scher.ie was one which, had it been carried out, would have immensely beautified the city and saved many deaths upon the railway-crossings and much wearying discussion during coming years. The Company ottered, in brief, to allow _£jio,ooo for the right oi w;iy for the Grand Trunk Railroad along the Esplanade, and engaged for the same sum to erect five bridges with brick abut- ments and stone facings, to be built on George, Church, Vonge, Hay and either N'ork or Simcoe streets, to the wharves. Owing, however, to dilliculties arising out of the subsequent transactions of Mayor Bowes with the Northern Railway stock, an agitation was aroused which eventually resulted in the cancellation of the contract. The proposition for bridges was thus lost sight of and has never since been put in practical form. l"^\ery year during this period showed signs o'i progress, in spite of occasional civic mistakes or provincial troubles. Up to 1852, the whole business of the Toronto Post-OflRce was transacted in a small building on the spot where a little later the Toronto Exchange was erected for the accomodation of the business men of that day. As there were only 400 boxes in the Post-Ofiice in 1850, the staflf consisting of the Postmaster, three clerks and one letter-carrier, it is apparent that correspondence by mail was not up to that date a burdensome matter. The transfer, however, in the control of our Post-Office Department from the Imperial authorities to those o^ T- roiito's K 11 II ways. 52 HOARD OF TRAl I A TORONT ■a^^a" BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUMlihK A TORONTO RESIDI^NCb;. J BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NL Toronto's Kaihvavs. Hard Times. the Province of Canada in 1851, aided materially in facilitatinij pro^Tess, and it was not long before a larger Post-Ollice in Toronto and an improved system •generally responded to the change, .\boiit this time Toronto began to celebrate Her Majesty's birthday, setting as usual an example i.^i loyalty, which the Province was quick to copy, so that before long the 24th of May was made a legal holiday. In 1850 the expenditure o'i the city was $69,000 and its debt $348,000 ; the assessed value of property $i2,4(i3,<'oo, while the goods imported were valued at $.,778,388, and those exported at $1,(536,824. Irregular Kxhibi- tions oi the Provincial Agricultural Association of Canada had been lield be- tween 1847-52. but in the latter year, the project of permanent buildings and a yearly Kxliibition was mooted with success, the Government granting certain la ids and the Council voting ^5000 for the erection of buildings, the corner stone of the Industrial Crystal Palace being duly laid by Mayor Houlton ow July the 15th. By 1856, other buildings of importance had gone up, amongst them being the General Hospital, St. Michael's Cathedral, the Normal and Model Schools, Knox Church, City Schools, several Hanks, the I'niversity and the Rossin House, enabling Charles Mackay, D.C.L., the well-known English writer to describe Toronto as " a thirg of yesterday, ; nushroom compared with the antiquity of Montreal and Quebec, though rivalling the one and ex-eeding the other in trade and population." He speaks fin-ther of the " Yankee look " of Toronto where nowadays we hear constant references to its intensely hnglish appearance. But he meant the remark as a compliment, going on to commetit upon " the pu!;hing, thriving, business like, smart appearance in the people, and the streets, ir the stores and in the banks and churches." The raihvtiys had done much to bring about this progress and to run the population up to 45,000, or an increase of 23,000 in a single decade. East and west and north the iron roads now ran, bringing commerce and power vo the expanding and prosperous city. B UT unfortunaiely a change was at hand. The hard times of 1849, caused by the complex nature of fiscal changes which had broken up our trade with Britain for the moment, through the abolition of preferential duties and the Corn-laws, and ♦hrown us back for a time upon tlie United States, only to be met there by heavy tariff' duties, had come and gone. They had been succeeded by a period of tolerable prosperity and by the Reciprocity treaty negotiatc'1 in 1834 with si'ch consummate skill and diplomacy by Lord Elgin anJ Mr. Hincks. At first the change had worked well, but the closeness in business relations which began to spring up between the Provinces and the neighboring Republic showed itself in 1857, when the tremendous American crisis of that year included Canada in its fatal embrace. It may be that too much had been spent upon railroads and public works, as is frequently claimed, but much greater ums in proportion have since been expended without any such result. However that may be, the catastrophe was instant and seriour. Trade became stagnant ; wholesale houses went down and ''-eir failure was of course reflected all over the country ; mercantile credit collapsed and railway enterprise suddenly came to an end ; manufacturers fell with a crash, and ; since the day; and left lialf gloomy a seas( For the iirst ai Said the Brit too with some \oii into shops theatre. The> the post-office, into your plac( denial. In thi cra'^t." A cor at the great ni the "alendars c unpleasant rel; Police Magistr disorderly, wh habits and the owi:i end o{ Tot appeal for chai attendance fel average attend with a populat matters itnpro' the crisis in 1 having been re more assumed to return up tc the reforms wl oi business, \ introduction oi fusion, troubf Receiver-Ciene coinage for Ca some years hai States, at the 1 to the comrnur the end of his enough to po; who hal sat in being succeedc a keen ime.est son of the disti by Aid. John \ \Vm. Henry I- No\ember ant msm. IDE SOUVENIR NUMBER, 53 m a crash, and artisans tliroiii^vd the streets witlioiit work or money. Never. Hard Times, since tlie days when Little ^'ork liad been plundered by an armed invader and left half burned lO tiie i^round, had the Provincial Capital passed so ijloomy a season, and it may he hoped that she will ne\i.r see such another. For the lirst and last time in our liistory the begjji'ar w;;s omniscient and urgent. .Said the Bn'/is/i f Ww//.sV of Au'^^ust 4th : " Pass where you will, you are bescl too with some sturdy applicant for alms. They dodj^e you round corners, follow you into shops, they are to be found at the Church steps and at the doo- oi the theatre. They infest the entrance to every bank. They crouch in the lobby of the post-ofHce, assail you on every street, knock at your private residence, walk into your place of business, and beard you with a pertinacity that takes no denial. In this our good City of Toronto, bej^ging has assiuned the dignity o{ a cra^t." A correspondent of the A'cw York Herald 'aS. this time expressed surprise at the great number of beggars in the streets of Toronto, while it appears from the "alendars of crime, that poverty and the population of the jail had a most unpleasant relationship. There were actually 499(1 persons brought befoie the Police Magistrate during this year, one-half of whom were classed as drunk and disorderly, while the jail records show commitments of 1906 for intemperate habits and their usual results. Vet two years before a citi/en might pass from one end of Toronto to the other at any hour of the day without meeting a single appeal for charity or one miserable victim of drink. During this period, school attendance fell off alarmingly, though periiaps not unnaturally. Where the average attendance in 1844, with a population o'i i(S,ooo, had been i 194, in 1S57 with a population of 45,000 and free schools, it only numbered 1863 Of course matters improved during the next and succeeding years, and by the end of 1859, the crisis in the States having adjusted itself and the banking system there having been rescued from its condition of licjuidation, business in Toronto once more assumed its old-time healthy appearance, and mendicancy disappeared not to return up to the present time, in any alarming or unpleasant shape. One of the reforms which did much good at this time, and in connection with the revival of business, was the abolition of the Halifax Currency in 1838 by the mtroduction of the decimal system, and the consequent saving of much con- fusion, trouble and individual loss. The action of Hon. Francis Hincks, Receiver-CJeneral, who was mainly instrumental in obtaining a silver and copper coinage for Canada, in buying up the depreciated American silver which for some years had injuriously flooded the country, and mi shipping it back to the States, at the same time preventing its re-importation, was also of great benefit to the community. Meantime, and following the retirement of Mr. Bowes at the end of his first period of three years in office, the city had been fortunate enough to possess a succession of able Mayors. Aid. Joshua George Board, who ha I sat in the Council since 1834, was elected to the Civic Chair in 1854, being succeeded by Mr. (now Senator) George Wm. .Allan, who had long taken a keen interest in city matters. In 185(3, Mr. John Beverley iiobinson, the able son of the distinguished Chief Justice, became Mayor and in 1857 was succeeded by Aid. John Hutchison, a well-known wholesale merchant of those days. Hon. W'm. Henry lioulton was elected in 1858, but resigned office in the following November and was replaced by Mr. David Breckenridge Read, Q.C. It i> b^'i I i % 54 BOARD OF TRADE Si Hard Times, interesting' to note in this connection how many prominent men took part in municipal pohtics during these earlier years of civic lite. For instance, the Councils of 1 850- 1 -2-3, included such citizens as John G. Bowes, Hon. John Hilyard Cameron, Q.C., J no. Heverley Robinson, Wm. Henry Houlton, James Beatty, Angus Morrison, Lieut. -Col. Ogle R. Gowan, Wm. (iooderham, Hon. Wm. Cayley, Kivas Tully and V. C. Capreol. The great majority of Aldermen and Councillors were, indeed, persons oi the highest character and standing, and the affairs of the city were, generally speaking, most honestly and wisely administered. A Political Disturbance. I ide he d Dl'RlX'G the dccad lying between th year of L'nion an 1 85 1, the political world enclosed within the Pro- vincial arena was kept at a pretty high level of struggle and excitement. To a certain extent the history of Toronto is the history of the Province during this and other periods, but, as the years rolled on, the city became less the arbiter of political opinion, and more the commercial, industrial and educational centre of an increasing Provincial population. But up to 1867, the political im- portance of Toronto was still paramount. After Confederation it became blended with many other influences. Just as prior to the Union, Upper Canada and its aff"airs had been controlled by John Strachan, Sir John Beverley Robinson, Wm. Lyon Mackenzie, John Rolph and other citizens of the capital, so after that date the destinies of both Provinces were more or less intimiitely affected by the careers of other Toronto men, such as Hon, John Hilyard Cameron, who became Solicitor-General at the age of thirty ; Hon. Wm. Henry Draper, who was Attorney-General and Premier from 1840 to 1844; Hon. Robert Baldwin who headed the famous BakUvin-Lafontaine CORNER YONGE AND I k *»mmmmmmnmm RD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUMIiER. len took part in For instance, the (Owes, Hon. John y Boulton, James iooderham, Hon. arity of Aldermen er and standing. Ministry of 1848-s. ; Hon. Wm. Cayley. for some years Receiver-CJeneral ; Hon. S.j;^"Ht,ca.^^ Georcre Brown, who bv means of the Globe controlled so greatly the destinies of his parly and forced the Baldwin Reformers ultimately to unite with the Tones and form the Liberal-Conservative party of later and national fame; Hon. Joseph Curran Morrison, member of Parliament for West York, a member of several Ministries and subsequently a jud-e ; Hon. Wm. Hume Blako, mem- ber for I-ast \'oxV (now Ontario), Solicitor-General for a time, and in later years Chancellor of the Pro- vince; Hon. Levius Peter Sherwood ; Hon. Henry Sherwood ; Hon. S. B. Harrison ; Hon. Robert Baldwin Sullivan ; Hon. James Hcrvey Price ; Hon. Henry John Boul- ton : Hon. Wm. McDou- gall, born and educated in \'ork, founder and editor of the Xort/i Atm'rican newspaper, and destined in after years to occupy an important, though somewhat turbulent place in public life ; Hon. Philip M. M. S. Vankoughnet, a brilliant lawyer, a mem- ber oi one Ministry and afterwards Chancellor of I'pper Canada; Hon. Sir Oliver Mowat, a member of several Cabinets and now Premier of his native Province ; Hon. Sir Wil- liam Pearce Howland, a member of many Min- istries and uhimately Lieut. -Governor of On- tario, and Hon. John Beverley Robinson, mem- ber of Parliament for Toronto, at a later period the occupant of Government House, and always popular and respected. During these years the great political conflict had turned upon the question of Responsible Government. Minor problems re- quired settlement, but upon the adjustment of this one ceni.al diflicultv all others seemed to depend. Hence the desperate struggles of good, loval and able Canadians such as Draper, McNab and Gowan to avert what they evidently misunderstood, and the equally vigorous efforts of the Reformers iNliR YONGE AND FHONT STREETS. >ir John Beverley citizens of the ire more or less th as Hon. John |of thirty ; Hon. ?r from 1840 to Lhvin-Lafontaine BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUi A I'dlilical Disturbance. to promote a policy upon wliich lliey believed the whole future of their country to depenj. While it is impossible to ^o into the details oi the prolonged struggle, in which the men noted above were all more or less concerned and in which Toronto took a deep and sometimes turbulent interest, it is of importance to note the two opposing views :ind contentions In the first place, everything turned upon the reading of the Constitution as granted in 1841. Successive Governors, including Lord Cathcart, Sir Ci.arles Bagot, and Lord Metcalfe, with the undisguised approval of the Home Government, construed the Consti- tution much in the way their Tory advisers in Canada believed it should be read. They considered that the Queen's [•Representative, in ihe interest of British con- nection and the welfare of divergent races in the United Provinces should retain a practical governing power. To Ao otherwise would make the Governor- General what John S. Cartwright, member for Kingston, termed " a mere puppet in tne hands of the Executive Council." Others went still further, and Sir Allan McNab did not hesitate to tell the .Assembly that he was certain " Responsible Government would hasten the moment of separation from the Mother-country." It is not difTIcult to understand, even while condemning, this position. The Governor-General represented the Union with Great Britain, and it was onlv natural that men who looked up -m that union as all important should consider a weakening of the Governor's influence a most serious and dangerous policy to pursue, especially when there was wo Colonial precedent or previous experience to guide them, excepting the one unpleasant illustration afforded by the United .States, where lack of efficient co-operation between people, Governors and the Crown had finally evolved separation. Oi course, the position was untenable and was ultimately abandoned, but good frequently comes out of such political contests and it has done so in this case, by producing a wider knowledge and broader conceptions of what free, popular government is and should be. The principle of Responsible rule was so dimly understood that conflict and chaos were inevitable for a time in order to bring out clearly what was desired and desirable. It took centuries in ICngland to evolve a king's prerogative which should be theoretically strong and yet only really applicable in some great crisis, and ten or more years was not a long period in which to re-create the functions of \'ice-Rovalty and the duties of Parliament in Canada. The Tories and naturally the Ciovernors, up to the time of Lord Klgin, looked too constantly at the Imperial side of the question, while the Reformers gave too much attention to the Ultra-Colonial view, and details such as the necessity of the Governor accept- ing his Ministers' advice in even the most trivial appointments to oflice. It was only when the two contentions were finally merged under the skillful manipula- tion of Lord Elgin that a satisfactory basis was found and the vexed questions of Royal prerogative and Parliamentary privilege assimilated in the system which was extended and improved at Confederation. Bit during this whole period the Reformers made their usual mistake of too great violence in language and attack. The Representative of the Sovereign was flouted and jeered at, abused and his motives misconstrued in a way to mnke even the burning of the Parliament buildings and the Tory attacks upon Lord Elgin a little later seem mild by contrast. Mr. Draper, who for some years held the reins of oflice on behalf of the Constitution, as understood by his party and the Governor, was with his c forcible as to V'ears " — who describes the si they were fillec outrageous an( seem that thert in these crimir fury since the violence, but t Charles Metcal friends with re; was slowly anc ately false and which history v Squaretoes," v as the followin then a voung h show : Though the ry tration of publ: tion, especial! until the issue question, how« the politicians Wm. Hamilto Sandfield Mace took the mos Tenure, the CI prominent pari and after stoi decided or infli The arrivi new era in Cai a practical insi am sensible," " that I shall 1: carry out the DE SOUVENIR NUMBER. 55 1 was with liis colleaizue Hon. D. H. Vijifer, an object o{ malignant attack so ^.^P"'*"' forcible as to be almost ferocious. John Charles Dent -"The I.ast Forty N'ears " -who can certainly not be accused of partiality for the Tory side, describes the situation in rather interestins^ language: - "As for the newspapers they were filled to overflowini^ with gall and wormwood. Charges the most outrageous and unfounded were made. . . .In many instances it would seem that there was not the faintest attempt to keep within the bounds of truth in these criminations. The country had not been lashed into sv.ch a state of fury since the year of the rebellion." Of course, both sides shared in this violence, but there is no cjuestion as to the degree of blame attached. Sir Charles Metcalfe, a noble, conscientious man, charitable to a fault, loved by his friends with remarkable intensity, doing his duty as he thought, while cancer was slowly and painfully eating his face and life away, was reviled as deliber- ately false and despotic, as " an imbecile old dotard," and by other epithets which history will disdain to preserve. One common name for him was "Old Squaretoes," which the Tories took up and transformed into a term of affection, as the following lines added to a well known song by John Hawkins Hagarty, then a young lawyer in Toronto, and sung at a public dinner in this city, v.ill show : " One verse the songster has forgot, — he has another claim ; The brave old SqLiaretosf .. ('in-idian P oncer —which appears to Samuel Thompson -" Reminiscences ol a LanaUian rioncL vi he substantially correct : 1 nee. L OF PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS BAY STREET. n practically settling ear before, a general tion defeated at the h mentioning. The ; of Toronto. Wm. arted, joined his old liipers, The Leader, " In 1S55, and subsequently, followed a 5<;rics ol struggles for office without ai y j^iuat political ohjict in view, each paity or clique striving to bid higher than all the rest tor popular votes, which went on, amid al;ernate succcssts and reverses, until the dtiioiicniiiit came, when neither political l)arty could form a Ministry that should comniard a majority in Parliament, and they were lain to coalesce in favor of Confederation." Meantime Sir Edmund Walker Head, Bart., Lieut. -Governor of New Brunswick, had succeeded l.otd Klgin, and in October, 1855, the four-year term BOARD OF IRADE SOUVENIR N A Political Disturbance. of Parli.iiiKMit ill (Juebec havin^j been completed, 'loroiito a^ain became the capital of the Province of Canada. The new Governor-General arrived there in November, and took up his residence in the old building known as Government House, which had previously sheltered five successive Lieutenant-Governors oi Upper Canada Francis Gore, Sir Porei^^rine Maitland, Sir Krancis Hoiid Head, Sir John Colhorne, and Sir (leorg-e Arthur. It had been avoided somewhat by the Governors-General since the Union, and liad to be now furbished up and re-fitted for Sir luimund's reception. Upon tlie same spot, at the corner of Kin^ and Simcoe Streets, now stands the splendid "Government House" of the Province of Ontario, a palatial structure costing over $100,000, staiuliii^ in beautiful grounds which serve to accentuate the effect of its iiandsome archi- tectural appearance. In the succeeding year the Governor-General opened Parliament in due form, the Chamber assigned to the Upper House iiaving been decorated, re-furnished and generally re-modelled until it presented an appear- ance oi almost Imperial splendour. The McNab Tache Ministry had been succeeded by one in which Sir E. P. Tache was the nominal, and Hon. John A. .Macdonald the practical leader. During the Session, .Mr. John Sandfield Macdonald introduced and carried a measure in favor of discontinuing the costly and inconvenient system of an alternate seat of Government. His proposal was that it should be abandoned afier 1859, when the city of Quebec was to become the permanent capital. For the time being sectional jealousies intervened, and as a matter of fact the question was not settled until the looming up of Confederation and the Queen's choice made the selection of Ottawa necessary and desirable. During this period parties had been gradually re-forming themselves. Hy the year 1H39 old feuds and burning questions were largely settled, and the keen intelligence of John .\. Macdonald was grouping together the Lower Canadian opponents of the "Clear (irits " with Cieorge Brown and his unsectarian school's policy ; the followers of Robert Haldwin, who had refused with their leader to assimilate themselves to the new Grit party ; and the veteran Tories whose mission of maintaining intact the interests of the Church of l-lngland and the unity of the Provinces and the Mother Country, was about to be merged in an endeavor to make firm and sure tlie foundations of a Federated Dominion. So from the stir and stress of an uneasy and doubtful period — made up apparently of the struggles of innumerable and diverse interests — came out the clear purpose and conception of a national union. The visit ol tlie Prince (I Wales. T' HE last Sessic n of the L'nited Parliament which has met in Toronto, was opened on January 29th, 1859, amid a depression which was still visible and felt, though much improved since the terrible crisis of 1857. It was marked by the choice of Quebec as the Capital, and to that city the Government offices were removed, remaining there until 1865, when Ottawa became the final and permanent Capital. .Although Toronto and its leaders were greatly disappointed, it was best for all that some settlement should ha\e been found for a question which Sir Edmund Head feared at one time would disrupt the Union. The Session w-as also remarkable for the first undisguised introduction of the protec- I've system into our fiscal legislation by Hon. A. T. Gait, Receiver-General, who raised the t; Wil.son, <;^X Mayor and c member for Council. Ml of the people, compulsory it the first o< th was held am. It was the api the Lower Ca been a failure however, wa> airiliations. demonstrate p the sincerity o regard for I?ri the month of I Newcastle, Co respond to the of the Victoria be able to repr greatness Her therefore adjoii months hence majesty of the expectation aiK On the 18th of appointed by k .After receiving bridge at Mont Royal Highnes everywhere we the harmony c emblems at Kii At the latter | noteworthy. 1 alions and flag specially built 1 on the 7th of S an Address wa After referring and sword, the " The general .'•ite of Liule N'orl Hi -hness will Iro railways, our priva DE SOUVENIR NUMBER. 57 raised the tarifi' from fifteen to twenty per cent. During January, Hon. •\'J«'>"1 n,'c |J[^|i^ce**o( Wilson, Q.C, afterwards knighted, and Chief Justice of Ontario, was elected wnie». Mayor and chosen again in 1860. While absent at Parliament in which he was member for North \ork, Mr. John Carr acted as Mayor and President of the Council. Mr. Wilson was the first Mayor of Toronto to be elected by the vote of the people, the new Municipal Act of Upper Canada having made this change compulsory in the previous yeai. In November, a great Reform Convention, the first of the kind since (lourlay's ill-fated attempt some forty years before, was held and attended by nearly 600 delegates from all parts of the Province. It was the apotheosis of Cleorge Brown's influence amongst the Clear (irits, of the Lower Canadian dominatit)n cry, and of the belief that Provincial l^iion had been a failure. One eflect oi the resolutions passed, not immediately visible, however, was the drifting away of Sandtield Macdonald from his old party alfiliations. The following year was marked by one of those events which demonstrate popular loyalty and so far as British America is concerned prove the sincerity of the peoples' atl'ection for the Queen and Royal I''amily and their regard for British connection. At the opening oi Parliament in Quebec during the month of February it had been announced by a despatch from the Huke oi Newcastle, Colonial Secretary, that though Her Majest\ could not in person respond to the joint .Address of the two Houses asking her to attend the opening of the Victoria bridge, she yet hoped that H. R. H. the Prince o' Wales would be able to represent her and to visit a people " in whose rapid progress toward.s greatness Her Majesty feels a lively and enduring .sympathy." Wiien Parliament therefore adjourned a little later it was with the intention of re-assembling three months hence to welcome the youthful and charming heir to the might and majesty of the Imperial Crown. Meantime the whole country was astir with expectation and with preparations of the most elaborate and costly character. On the icSth of .August the Prince arrived at Quebec, having been previously appointed by letters patent \'iceroy of all tin British North .American Colonies. .After receiving addresses at Quebec ; la} mg the corner stone of the great bridge at Montreal ; and oi the projected Parliament buildings at Ottawa, His Royal Highness passed through the Provinces, visiting the chief towns and being everywhere welcomed with unequalled enthusiasm. The only jar or break in the harmony of these uninterrupted ovations was the trouble about Orange emblems at Kingston and a slight diiliculty over the same subject in Toronto. At the latter place the reception given to the Heir .Apparent was especially noteworthy. Magnificent arches crossed the streets in every direction ; decor- ations and flags were displayed everywhere, and a large amphitheatre had been specially built upon the esplanade in which to present the civic welcome. Here on the 7th of September, i860, assembled the city's thousands and upon the dais an Address was presented by Mayor Wilson, which in itself was interesting. After referring to events which had demonstrated, through the severe test oi fire and sword, the attachment of Toronto to British Union, the document continued: W m i. 1 1 1 III " The generation which saw the settler's Ing house succeeding to the udman's wigwam on the site of Little N'ork has not yet wholly passed aw.Ty, and yet we venture to hope that your Royal Hihness will Irok with satisfaction on the evidences which our city presents — in our stret t<:. our railways, our private buildings, and our public instiuitions — of the successful results o' industry and 58 HOARD OF TRADE SOU I The ViHlt (if the I'rliice of Walt!.. enterprise, r manifentations of that spirit which has been mainly instrumental, under Providence, in placing nur MolherCountry in the ylorious position which she occupies amongst the nations of the earth." The I'r'mce replied most appropriately, referrinjj to a loyally which liati been tempered and yet slrenf^liieiied by " the iiUellij^ent independence of the Canadian character" and to the national "fertility oi conception and boldness WELLINGTON STREET LOOKING of execution" wiiich had made the forest and wilderness into cities and farms. Addresses and festivities, concerts, balls, processions, regattas, and entertain- ments of endless variety then followed each other in rapid succession. On Sunday the Prince listened to an eloquent sermon from Bishop Strachan, and during his stay was a guest at Government House, while his attendants had rooms at the Rossin House. His Royal Highness opened Queen's Park liiitisi welcoi the \( sing, \ OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUMBER, I for the relief of rshij) of (iod, as e, in placinj; "Ur c earth." y which hail donee i>l tlic iind boldness and tho Horticultural (hardens, now tavor.te breaO^.n^ places an^.dlc j-r, surrounding density of a city population, and on Wednesday. Sept. ,. h w„,e.. took his departure atimlst the enthusiastic cheers ot a vast crowd Alter traversinj,^ a lar.a- part of I'pper Canada and mak.nK a bnet v.s.t to the Stales, he reached Pivmouth on November .5th. Wr.tinj,^ of the reception jriven by Toronto to tie Prince, the Globe remarked editorially on the mornniff alter iiis arrival : ISTREET LOOKING WEST FROM CHURCH. and farms. M entertain- .'ssion. On [p Strachan, attendants lueen's Park " Many a year luncs it vill be told that on the 7th of .September i860, the heir-apparent to the Hiitish Throne maile his public entry into the chief city of the Western Province and received a welcome surpass'n;^ in magnificence and enthusiasm all the public ovanons ever witnessed before in the New World The illumination of the city at night v\-as a very grand sight, far surpas- sing, we believe, any vimilar demonstration ever witnessed on the Continent." This is saying a fjreat deal, but there is no doubt of its substantial truth HOARD OJ' IKADE SOUlJiN/H M iheVrincVof '"^^ "' ^^*^ '^^'^ ^hut Toronti> liad every reason to be proud of iis display, as woll W"U«. us of its loyalty. Meantime the commercial cloiid had beK'un to lift, and an abundant harvest during' iH()o had prepared the people and t!ie city for what seemed a full tide o( pro.-perity in the succeedinjr year. The .American Civil War WHS about to break out and to provide an immense and valuable demand for Canadian products. It was preceded, however, by the Anderson slave case, which brou^rht before the Courts at Toronto the serious question of whether an cal proceduri brought out : to those at W rejoicinj^s an showed itseil Diu'inj^ I jjreal i>r serii YONGK AND FRONT STREETS, BEFORE ERECTION OF BC American slave who had killed a white man in .'•elf-defence could be extradited under the laws as they then existed. The excitement v.'as intense, and of course public opinion favored the release of Anderson rather than his restoration to bondage. Chief Justice Sir John Beverley Robinson and Mr. Justice Burns, when the case came before them, declared that the law compelled his surrender ; Mr. Justice McLean dissented. It is pleasant to know, however, that a techni- Bowes, as May tion by re-elect were published of 13,672 over 1 it was felt that terrible depress DE SOUIENIR NUMBER. 59 veil an hat ivil iincl ISC, an la! procedure in another Court averted liiat necessity. Incidentally this case T'^^.y'"" ' ', ' J -' vnv Prince of broiij,'ht out a very learned discussion as to appeals from the Courts at Toronto Wales, to those at Westminster. I'pon the release (^i Anderson, Tori>nti> ranjf with rejoicin^^s and the pent-up hatred of the people lor slavery and all its sins showed itself in super-abundance. Durini' iH()i, the city held on the even tenure of its way undisturbed bv any TtieMnson- fjroat or serious event. The year opened with the election oi Mr. John (J. incident. i • ,■; I i i \L ERECTION OF BOARD OF TRADE BUILDING. ed se o s. Bowes, as Mayor, and the citizens marked their appreciation of his administra- tion by re-electinij him for the two following- terms. When the census returns were published it was found that the population was only 44, .^23, or an increase of 13,672 over 1852. The figures were considered rather disappointing, though it was felt that nothings greater could justly have been expected, owing to the terrible depression period, and the removal of the seat of Government, together ■I i 60 BOARD OF TRADJi. S0\ VIEW FROM ROYAL UANADIAl D OF TRADE SOUVENIR N I'M BEE •ft-'' iM^ ¥".K ^, »-..'"■ r iiVM^Bf * _ ^1^^ ^ |mS|^^^> ROYAL CANADIAN YACHT CLUB HOUSE BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUM The Masoti- Sli(kll Incident. with the most of the British troops who had been toimerly stationed in the city with their wives and tamihes. In Autjust a ^ener;il election occurred, and the Cartier-Macdonald Government was sustained. Mr. George Hrown was defeated in East Toronto by Mr. John Crawford, who in after years became Lieut-Cunernor of Ontario. The year had opened with the sad disappearance and, as it was subsequently discovered, murder of John Sheridan Hogan, M.F. P., a most popuhir and prominent journalist of Toronto. It ended with the death oi Wm. Lyon Mackenzie, who some three years before had retired from Parliament, and been aided in his unfortunate pecuniary conditior. by a con- siderable testimonial from his Reform friends. His political influence had long ceasfd, but the romance of his remarkable career remains an undying portion of Toronto's civic history. As a Canadian historian so well says : — * " I'vcr unstahle as w.Tter, he flits clian^cfijlly before ihc eye as the Dundee shop-boy, the uneasy ileik, the liankiupt sho]3iii.in, the ne\v5])aper editor, the liookseller, the drui;gist, the member of I'arli.iment, the agitator, the political aqent to llnglaiul, the fomeiiter of rebellion and the rebel general. As a refugee in the I'nited States, he sliifted his occui)ati m with the same Chameleon rapidity." The satne writer describes the paper which he produced irregularly during his later years the Message — as " the fungi of an energetic and acute, yet ill- balanced intellect.'" Peace be to his remains however. Good has come out of the evil Mackenzie produced, and future generations can alToid to remem- ber the one atul forget the otiier, though it is the duty of history to record both. Dr. John Rolph, his one-time friend and comrade, but bitterly denounced enemy of a later period, passed away in 1S70, and with them disappeared the last prominent actors in that sad drama oi mistaken zeal. Meantime, Sir Kdmund Head's term had concluded and in October he had sailed for England leaving behind the reputation of being a painstaking, careful and conscientious administrator. He was succeeded by X'iscoimt Monk, who had not previously exhibited any particular ability in state craft, but who had the privilege of presiding at the birth ot Confederation and becoming the (irst Cio\ ernor-Gv.neral o'i the new Dominion of Canada. At the close of this year also, tiie Trent affair occurred, and war with the I'nited States seemed immi- nent. British troops were despatched here in hot haste and our volunteers (. verywhere sprang to arms. !'> onto as usual took the lead, and one result of the enthusiasm displayed was the formation of the loth Royal Grenadiers under the command of Lieutenant-Colonel F. W. Cumberland. War was fortunately averted by the surrender of Mason and Slideil to the British demands, but henceforth opinion in Toronto at least was hardly one ot sympathy with the North during the following struggle, although detestation of slavery was as strong as ever. One result of the danger threatened by the Trent matter, and a peril which seemed still imminent should the South be ultimately overwhelmed, was the Militia Bill introduced by Attorney-Cieneral John A. Macdonald early in 1862, for the thorough re-organization of our defen- sive system. Expense and sundry political complications caused its defeat, but under the circumstances we can hardly blame the English papers for denouncing ranada because oi its suppo.sed unwillingness to aid the Empire in its own local * M.;Mullen, History of Canada. defence. It rem thus voiced. St (lovernment def( prospered great 1 period Dr. Wm visiting the city admire what hac appreciate the te Mr. Russell wen dignity over tl looking, well-tc been in Toronto his comments a: upset in a ditc Middy York. The commercial population c^i ( were few and di; anticipation and as a ci\ic centre vigorous conditi community mad in a phenominal while more and Americans. Me term in 186;^, an ptominent citize Towards the clo the first street n Market, and wa: ON Nov. 2nd, portance it delegation up in order to di; I*"ederation. At larly able and ci consideration, tl Scotia Legislatii the prevailing f« resolution in fa\ OiTice, creating The final result Upper and Lowi ing the proposet ally to see some ;/i SOUVENIR NUMBER 6i defence. It remained tor Confederation to adjust and answer the complaints H/j^jJI""'"' thus voiced. Successive ministries and political chaos for a time followed this incident. Government defeat, but meanwhile the Provinces, and incidental!) Toronto, prospered i^reatly, mvin*;^ to the American demand tor our producls. .\t this period Dr. Wm. Howard Russell, the famous newspaper correspondent, in visiting the city was able to write an American at \ew \'ork " to come up and admire what had been done in architecture under a monarcliy if he wished to appreciate the terrible state o'i that branch o{ the fine arts under his democracy." Mr. Russell went on to speak of the various buildings wliich lise in Imperial dignity over the city," and to refer to " th; well-dressed, comfortable- looking, well-tc-do people in the streets,"' Anthony Trollope, who had been in Toronto the previous year, did not seem to be attracted by it, and his comments as to the carriage he was driving in upon one occasion being" upset in a ditch may remind the reader of the old-time descriptions of Miiddy ^'ork. During tiie next few years little occurred of importance. The commercial crisis was past and the American civil war gave the entire population of Canada a period of unexampled prosperity ; political storms were few and distant, resohing themselves practically into an under-current of anticipation and a public discussion of the coming Confederation ; while Toronto as a civic centre prospered exceedingly. Her trade was in a most sound and vigorous condition, considerable fortunes were accimiulaled, and the mercantile community made money with rapidity and unusual ease. The population grew in a phenominally rapid manner and there was little pauperism or distress visible, while more and more every year the city became a summer resort for wealthy .Americans. Meantime Mr. Howes retired from the Civic Ciiair at the end of his term in i8(>^, and was succeeded in January, 18(11, by Mr. Francis H. Metcalf, a ptciminent citizen and noted Orangeman, who retained the post for three years. Towards the close of iSfii an e\cnt of interest had occiu'red in the opening of the first street railway in Toronto. It ran from ^'ork\ille to the St. Ltiwrence Market, and was welcomed with min^iled delisjht and excitement. N Nov. 2nd, 1864, an event occurred both interesting at tiie time, and of Im- conredtra- portance in the future. This was the arrival in Toronto of the distinguished delegation from the Maritime Provinces and Newfoundland, which had come up in order to discuss, and if possible, decide upon some form of British American l-"ederation. At this time the public men of the l.ower Provinces were of a singu- larly able and clear-headed type of politician. Ten years before the date under consideration, the subject of Union had been brilliantly discussed in the Nova Scotia Legislature, and in 1861 , when deadlocks and Parliamentary paralysis was the prevailing feature in politics here, the same Legislature had passed a strong resolution in favor of Confederation, which was duly forwarded to the Colonial Ollice, creating considerable interest and approval in certain British circles. The final result was the appointment of Delegates in 1864 to meet others from Upper and Lower Canada, in order to conter upon the practicability of extend- ing the proposed Maritime l^iion so as to include all the Provinces, and incident- ally to see something of the countries it was thought desirable to unite. Lvery- m ai 6a BOARD OF TRADE SOUVJi ' m Coiifederii- where the visitingf statesmen wore warm!, welcomed, the climax to the festiv- ities coming as was proper from Toronto. The Delegates were met at the station on November 2nd hv an immense concourse of people, and the Corpora- tions of the City, of \'orkville, and of the L'nited Counties of York and Peel. Mayor Metcalf presented an Address, in the course of which the hope was expressed that the visit would be " the means of fostering a more intimate acquaintance and securing closer alliance between Canada ai-.d the ICastern Provinces," in order to prepare for " a permanent L'nion under the iugis of the British Crown." A visit was subsequently paid to I'pper Canada College, when an eloquent Address was read by the Principal, Mr. Ci. R. R. Cockburn, M.A., and responded to by Col. (iray of Prince Kdward Island. Osgoode Hall, the Normal School and the University were next visited, and the Delegates then sat down to a magnificent banquet in the Music Hall. It was a memorable gather- ing in point of political prominenc. Mayor Metcalf presided, and amongst the speakers were (ieneral Napier, Commander-in-Chief of the forces; Col. G. T. Denison, who, as became his well known name, responded for the \'olunteers, Hon. Mr. McCully of Nova Scotia ; Hon. Charles l'"isiier of New Brunswick ; Hon. I*". H. T. Carter of Newfoundland — afterwards knighted and for long Chief Justice of the Island; Hon. C. W. Allan, M.L.C. ; Hon. Kdward Palmer, of P. E. I. ; Hon. Cieorge Browri and Hon. A. T. Cialt. The speeches were elo- quent and enthusiastic. Mi. McC'.:!!y spoke of founding an .American ICmpire, which should withstand all the winds and storms of the future. Mr. l-'isher looked forward to the time when " into this Confederation would be thrown the Colonies beyond the Rocky Mountains and we should have one continuous flow of British blood and Britis'i feeling from ocean to ocean." .Mr. Carter pro- claimed what unfortunately turned out to be too optimistic a view the desire of Newfoundland to unite with the other Proxinces. Mr. Brown made an elaborate and able spe:ch. Coming from Ottawa and the newly formed coalition between himself and John A. .Macdoiiald, he was in a position to speak authori- tatively of the scheme which the Canadas now looked upon as their salvation from seemingly endless jars and petty iniernecine disputes. In the course of his remarks and with refercncj to threatening signs from over the border, he said amid enthusiastic cheering : " Come war when it niny, Iain sure I s^K-ali the stntiinenls of every man in rppcr (aimdi, when I say tliat the first hostile fool placed upon our shores W()iiiill)e the signal and the summnn-i for every man capdile of liearin.; arm? l > meet ihe enemy, and thai the people of Canada w.iuld show in the hour of trial thai the s|)irit which was manifested in 1S12 has not died in 1864." And only two years later the people of I'pper Canada and the citizen soldiers of Toronto especially were destined to prove the truth of Mr. Brown's patriotic words. Mr. Gait joined the previous speaker in urging the building of the Intercolonial, in the necessity for joining hands with the Mother-Country for purposes of mutual defense. The next day was given up to an inspection of the volunteers and to a Ball in the evening, which was unsurpassed in Toronto's history tor magnificence and success unless by the famous one given in honor of the Prince of Wales four years previously. This festivity terminated the visit to Toronto of a number of tlij nun who afterwards laid the foundations of our present political and national structure. ***** fl' }F TRADE SOUVENIR NUMBER. 3 the festiv- met at the lie Corpora- : and Peel. ; hope was e intimate the liastern ujj;^is of the lleije, when burn, M.A., 2 Hail, the :es then sat ible gather- mongst tlie Col. G. T. \'oliinteers, Brunswic]< ; ■ lonj;' Cliief Palmer, nf 2s were elo- an Kmpire, Mr. I'Msher thrown the iiuious 'i^ow "arter pro- he desire 1 made an d coalition authori- al ion from rse ^.^i his er, he said ipcr Can.Tili. le sumniiiiis w ould shmv soldiers of patriotic iiig of the HMitry for lion <^i the Toronto's 1 honor of d the visit ons of our AIJ. th-.ough ihe year which succeeded this, alarmin};- or ludicrous rumors, as the case m'\^\\K be, were heard as to the movements and intentions of what was known as the Fenian Brotherhood. This famous body was in reality a product of the Civil War in the States, and seems to have been mainly composed of a horde of turbulent characters, Irish by birth or extraction, who were let loose by the cessation o'i the s(ruyi,He and were easily induced by adventurers like O'Neil, to turn their arms against Canada, as being an outpost of the British power which they had been so mistakenly taught to hate. Preparations for invasion were publicly made and protestations from the Canadian Govern- ment to the .American aulhorities were found to be apparently useless. Klaborate plans were made by the Fenians, including the seizure of the Grand Trunk and the ultimate capture of Canada. Mass-meetings of armed thousands were held alonsr the border, but wo definitely hostile action was taken until the ^^ist of May, i86f3, when about a thousand men made a dash across the Niagara River from Buffalo and took possession oi Fori l'>ie. Meanwhile the citizens of Toronto in common with the rest of the country had been more amused than frightened by the braggart boasting which the would-be invaders had freely indulged in. But an actual invasion was another thing, and when it became known on the afternoon of the 31st of May, that the Queen's Own Regiment had been ordered to start for Port Colborne on the succeeding morning, excite- ment soon grew to fever heat. The next day, Toronto's streets once more rang with military preparation. The Royal Horse Artillery, Her Majesty's 47th Regiment, which was then stationed in the city, and the 10th Roj'als left for different points on the border. During the next ("ew days volunteers flocked into Toronto from ail over Canada and the States — especially Chicago. But the troubles we.e soon over. The battle of Ridgeway, with its brief exhibition of gallantry on the part of our troops, its useless slaughter of volunteers, and mistaken action of the Commander, was fought o\\ June 3rd, and though not exactly won, yet had the effect of forcing O'Neil and his followers to consider favorably the advisability oi rtlreat across the river. This ended the Fenian Raid of 1866, though further demonstrations were made by the enemy at St. Albans, Vermont ; opposite Cornwall ; and at Ogdensburgh. But in each case, the massing of troops sent them Hying back over the border. To the citizens of Toronto, Ridgeway is memorable as having caused the death of five of its gallant .sons, members of the Queen's Own Regiment. Their names, now preserved by a handsome monument in Queen's Park, were McKachren, Alder- son, Tempest, Defries and Smith. The returning volunteers were welcoined home on June 19th, with an enthusiasm which rain and mud had no efTect upon. Headed by the Mayor and Corporation, the 47th Regiment and the Volunteer Companies marched through the streets amid the continued cheering of thou- sands, the ringing oi bells and the flying of countless flags and streamers. General Napier, during his speech at the Drill-Shed, stated what is undoubtedly a fact, that had the oflicer in command not been misled into ordering a retieat at the fatal moment, the Queen's Own and 12th Battalion would " single-h;inded have driven the Fenians before them. " Thus ended another brief interlude of war if it may be dignified by that title— in the midst of the onward march of Toronto as a Provincial Centre. The Peniao Raid. DOARD 07 TRADE SOUVENIR NUA Municipal Chauges. About this time ii danger jippeared wliicli was greater to the mass o\ citizens than any Fenian invasion could be. The new sewers and drains buih alter tiie cholera epidemic of 1841) had become worn out and worse tliaii useless from want of attention, and the consequence was that Toronto became noted for bad sanitary arrangements and iis really dangerous situation in respect to conlagious diseases. Contemporary writers give most vivid pictures o^ small houses liiled with harge or double families and having pig-pens witiiin three feet of the back door. Cases are mentioned where liic family had the front room and the pigs the rear one, while " Hethune's I.ane " is described as a sink of death and disease. Pine street, Queen street, east of rarliament, and other localities, are pictured as the home of cows and pigs, as well as of human beings, and as having no suitable sanitary arrangements or precautions. As '■oon as public attention was seriously drawn to the condition of affairs a change became noticeable, until finally Toronto has become known as perhaps the healthiest and cleanest city upon the North American Continent. During this year the method of electing the Mayors of cities once more underwent change, and the choice of a Chief Magistrate was re-invested in the hands of tiie Corporation. At the same time the oflice of Councilman was abolished, the number of Aldermen from each Ward was increased from two to three, and they were made elective for three years, one retiring annually by rotation I'nder this system Mr. James E. Smith was chosen Mayor of Toronto on January ist, 1867. Meantime Confederation had been accomplished and the way made ready for the entry of Toronto upon the third marked period in its progressive career. In November, 1866, a delegation composed o^ Messrs. John A. Macdonald, .\. T. (lalt, Cieorge \l. Cartier, \V. P. Howland, Win. McDougall, H. L. l.angevin, together with Charles Tupper, S. L. Ttlley, and a number oi otiier Maritime lepresentatives, repaired to London, where they met in Conference at the Westminster Palace Hotel on Decei ingly drafted, si and the British ? .March 29th, 18G the Provinces c and Upper Can .\ single Chamb limited to local a Lieut. -Govern of a Provincial IvOrd Monck bei .A. Macdonald ii first Ciovernor o were the only T 1867, therefore, order of thi.igs. with tlags, the 1 o'i .St. James' C; and " Rule Hrit everywhere, anc with the noise held during the and of the even the West ushe important educ of population, ;i the Metropolis > DE SOUVENIR NUMBER, 63 Hotel on December 4th, and perfected llie plan o{ L'nion. Bills were accord- ingly drafted, submitted by the Imperial Government to the British Parliament, and tlie Hritisli North America Act was duly passed, receiving the Rojal assent on March icjtii, 18(17. By proclamation, it came into force on the first of July, when the Provinces of British America became merged in the Dominion of Canada, and l^pper Canada was transformed into Ontario, with Toronto as its capital. A single Chamber, called the Legislative Assembly, was created, its jurisdiction limited to local or provincial afiairs, and provision made for the appointment of a Lieut. -Governor by the Cio\ernor-Cieneral-in-Council, and for the organization oi a Provincial Ministry having the confidence of thv incoming Legislature. Lord Monck became the first Governor-General of the new Dominion, Sir John A. Macdonald its first Premier, and Major-Cieneral Henry William Stisted the first Ciovornor of the newly named Province. Messrs. Howland and McDougall wore the only Toronto men in the now Dominion Cabinet. On the first of July, 1867, therefore, the citizens of Toronto celebrated the commencement of a new order of thi.igs. Business was entirely su'.pended, the thoroughfares decorated with Hags, the numerous steamers in tho harbor co\ered with bimting, the bells ':)'[ .St. James' Cathedral rang out the National Anthem, " Hurrah for Canada" and " Rule Britannia," while in the evening bonfires blazed, illuminations were ovorywhoro, and the sky was full of rockets and fireworks, and the air was filled with tiie noise of cannon and small arms. .1 grand military review had been held during the day, and the celebration generally was one worthy of Toronto and of the event. In this auspicious manner, therefore, was the Queen City of the West ushered into its period of greatest commercial development, most itnportant educational progress, most marked and really phenomenal growth of population, and most influential position, as the capital of a great Province — the Metropolis of Ontario Municipal Chauges M I ' ; II m I f't't 64 BOARD OF TRADE SOI MAIN b:NTRANGE TO THE PA RD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUMBEN. RANGE TO THE PARLIAMENT BUILDINGS. BOARP OJ' JRADE SOUl ENIR Ni PART III. — Ml^TKOl'OLIT CoiilVdtriitiiHl Hlld it-i t ITttl on Toronto. T' H I£ birth of the New I^ominion marked a most imporlaiit stage in the history oi Toronto. Hitherto, whatever its comparative progress and power might have been, it was necessarily restricted in commercial growth by the tariiVs which surrounded all the different provinces of British America, with tlie exception o'i Quebec ; and in popular influence by the political circumstances which made it one <^^ several cities in a Pri>vince which was almost unknown to the world outside of the .American border towns and the wholesale interests of Montreal or New ^'ork. Henceforth it was the recognized capital of the princi- pal province in a powerful Confederation, the centre of its educational interests, its local government, its commerce and trade, its journalism, literature and politics. Of course as the population of Ontario grew, the mere local political influence of Toronto decreased, but in a wider sense, through its newspapers and public men, the capita! of the Province became a centre of national politics and a strong influence in determining the policy of the Dominion. The first Session of the First Provincial Parliament was opened in the old buildings on Front Street by the Lieut. -Governor, Major-General Stisted, C.B., on December 27th, 1867. Messrs. Wm. Henry Boulton and Charles T. Gillmor, Clerk of the House, were the Commissioners for swearing in the members, Thousands of spectators were present in the grounds and throughout the build- ings, while the loth Royals and Queen's Own formed a guard of honor for the Governor. On the floor of the House were to be seen many who had taken part in other years in the political conflicts of Upper Canada. There was Chief Justice W. H. Draper, Mr. Justice Adam Wilson, Mr. Justice Morrison, Mr. Justice Hagarty, Chancellor Vankoughnet, Vice-Chancellors Mowat and Spragge, Sheriff Jarvis, Rev. Dr. McCaul, Rev. Dr. Ryerson, Dean Grasett, .Archbishop Lynch and Mr. R. A. Harrison, M.P., at a later period Chief Justice of Ontario. With all formality the Legislature was duly opened and Mr. John Stevenson elected Speaker. The Ministry had already been formed and in its composition Toronto was, of course, much interested : I'nniio- and Allorniy-Giiicral— Wow. J. Sandtield Macdonald, (,).C. Comiiiissiouer of Agriculture -Won. John Carling. Commissioner of Crown Lands — I Ion. Slephen Kichards, ;hness and the Governor were met by the Mayor and the principal citizens. Thence the party proceeded to Government House, where they remained during the next four days. Papers of the period refer to the " enthusiastic roar of cheers " which greeted Prince Arthur along his route, the waving of thousands of handker- chiefs, flags, hats and caps, and the climax which was reached when, opposite St. James' Cathedral, the Chimes rang out the National Anthem. As showing the trend of current public opinion, the Globe may be quoted in its editorial statement on Oct. 4th : that " the visits of the sons of Hritain's .Sovereign mark eras that will not be overlooked in the history of Canada," while the welcome given to them proves that " Canada will be found foremost among those who desire to strengthen the ties that natural afi'ection, natural assistance, similarity of ideas and identity of sympathy may select as best calculated to cement the union of the British Empire." <^\^ the 5th of October, the Royal party proceeded to Weston, where "rince Arthur cut the first sod of the Toronto, Grey and Bruce Railway. Ni.l long after this it was completed, as well as the Toronto and Nipissing line. These two narrow-guage railways opened up new and rich territories and did much to increase the trade of the city. The day after inaugurating this important enterprise, Prince Arthur returned to Montreal, where he was stationed with his regiment during the winter, .\bout this time the Society known as the York Pioneers was formed. Much good work has been since done by its members -such as the venerable Dr. Scadding — in the preservation of public documents and the presentation of historic but forgotten incidents to the people of later times. if r ISANTI ME events were taking place in the North- West, destined ere long to stir up a storm of indignation in Toronto and elsewhere. Early in 1869, the Hudson's Bay Company's great territories had been purchased by Canada for ;^'30o,ooo and arrangements made for their admission to the Dominion, and future Government. Hon. W^m, McDougall, C. B., an old-time citizen of Toronto, was appointed Lieutenant-Ciovernor, and during the next eighteen months news of discontent, rebellion, murder, tyrannous actions on the part of Riel, Fenian threats and raids followed each other in turbulent suc- cession. Mr. McDougall was forced to retire without assuming his Governor- ship ; Riel seized the Hudson's Bay Company stores at Fort Garry, imprisoned Dr. Schuitz and his companions, proclaimed himself President of the Provisional Government and finally ordered Thomas Scott, a man of blameless character not long from Ontario to be shot for disobedience to the commands of a usurper and rebel. This produced the climax oi an excitement which had long been growing in Ontario, and at the most opportune momont; Dr. Schuitz with some of his friends arrived in Toronto after having escaped from their imprisonment, The Red River Campainii. ^*^-*'?.'*^?^,^^?'*^»?9s**^'^<'^sfew*Jp^^**- Bi BSMI m T ll li 68 nCARP OF TRADE Si 'ill THE PAVIL.ION. HOHTICU |ik RD OF TRADE SOUVKiVIR NUMBER WIMON. HORTICULTUHAL GARDENS. i I BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUML CatnpaiKm'*''^"*^^''^'' ^■'■^•^^■•'''^'''^'O"**' :i"«-' uncicriiono much clanj^er. (livat mass-meetings were held, and at one which had to convene in the open air outside of" the City Hall for want oi some place large enough to hold the crowd, the Following resolution was unanimously passed : " Rfsolved : that this meeting cordially welionies Dr. Schult/ and the others present fmm Red- River, who fearlessly and at the sacrifice of their liherty and property have nobly resisted the ll^urpation of power hy the murderer Kiel ; and that we hcirtily sympathize with them and recognize fully their sacrifices in the interests of Canada and the Canadians." Political and other complications followed ; Colonel Wolseley — now Gen- eral, Viscount Wolseley, G.C.B, etc., reached Toronto on his way with British troops to suppress the Rebellion ; at least one general election was affected by the issues involved ; and finally the troubles were ended so far as "* mitoba and the North-West were concerned by the arrival of the expedition at Fort-Garry, the escape of Riel and his associates to the United States, and the application of a free Provincial constitution and beneficial territorial regulations, administered luider the principles governing the Federated Dominion. * * ♦ * * . Lord DufTeriu. CS \ the first of July, 1 870, a suitable memorial which had been erected in Queen's I I Park, Toronto, in honor of the citizen soldiers who fell at Ridgeway, or died \J subsequently from disease contracted during the campaign, was unveiled by the Governor-Cieneral. The Committee in charge of the work always inci- dental to the collection of funds, was composed of Rev. Dr. McCauI, the distin- guished Principal of Toronto University as Chairman, Mr. C. S. Gzowski as Treasurer, and Mr. J. D. F-dgar as Honorary Secretary. Its duties had been well performed, and though differences of opinion may exist as to the artistic merits oi the monument, none will be felt regarding its general effect. By this time Toronto, as a commercial centre, was attaining marked prominence and proving its ability in many ways to compete with its great rival — Montreal. A curious social custom was also pre\alent, one which all importent cities affect more or less, and a writer in the Canadian Illustrated Neivs of September 3rd describes the scene on the south side of King Street on a summer afternoon as establishing the claims of that thoroughfare to rank in the new world with the Rue de Rivoli in Paris, or Rotten Row in London. Fashion considered it the proper tiling to parade King street during the afternoons, and, while the fancy lasted, it was done accordingly. In i!e to lirealhe freely if he thought that the affairs of his couMtrv wen' removed beyond the supervision and contact of our U'^islali^e assemblies." tion objoctod tion, altlimig thrown and tli alonjj^ a mini processions c interference, this occasion 1 - h^ TORONTO YACHT CLUB KLEE" Following this great speech in Toronto, Lord Dufferin made a tour of On- tario which will be memorable in our annals for the popularity which he evoked and the appreciation with which his eloquent presentation of our country's resources and future was everywhere received. Towards the close of September the city *vas disgraced by riots during a Roman Catholic Jubilee celebration which had been held upon two succeeding Sundays. A portion of the popula- from certain 1 religious opini( During tl Great as had b greater in the retail, provinci Wk DE SOUIKNIR NUMBER, 7» tlu' ^tion IS 1 that Urol ;<>m- (li:\n I the tion objected strenuously to the processions which accompanied the demonstra- '•'"■'' ""''*'^'°' tion, although no otVensive emblems or regalia were carried. Stones were thrown and the police had finally to charge the mob and to light it persistently along a number of streets. Order, however, linally prevailed, and religious processions can now take place in Toronto free from the slightest danger ot interference. Though disgraceful in itself, the ebullition of feeling exhibited on this occasion had the excuse at that time ot similar actions having L'manated 'ACHT CLUB FLEET. n- ed y's )or a- from certain hoodlums in Montreal who claimed to be upon the other side of religious opinion. During this period, Toronto enjoyed an unexampled era o'i prosperity. Growth*.^ Great as had been the advance between Confederation and 1871, it was infinitely greater in the succeeding three years. Hvery branch of trade, wholesale and retail, provincial and foreign — grew in volume to an extent beyond the expect- iiiii 7a HOARD OF TRADE SO( LOOKING SOUTH FROM iP^BS'ait ^D OF TRADE SOUl'IiNI/i NUMUfM. j^iMi «».;;-: . ■•■»^Rns ot tho nu.st san.^u.inc. I^.r^,^. in.sinoss ostahlishmcnts a.ul palatial pr.vato residences went up everyulu-re ; heautilul churches, including the splend.d Metropo uan Methodist Church, upon Queen St.. Kast. were built, and h.s.reets tee.nej w,th life and activity, while somelhinK' like .3."oo people were added o he popula,>on. The assessnients of city propertv increased $,^.ooc>.o,„, as the lollovviny table shows : ., Personality Voars. Really. and Income. Total "if .H..^c„,7,7 «.o7(,,o43 4-'.4<'7.77.' 'V .. ^i,^^,,7■^^ 12.K40..08 44.70.S..S44 . , . '''-• • •V..-S44..S.'>5 ').<>i7.')77 4o.4f'-'oi-' • Xiu It was ,1 (or Toronto that this prosperity prevailed, lor a ti>iie of trial was comui- in which all the solidity of its institutions and the stren.-th of IIS co.nnierc.al supremacy was to be thoroughly tested. The depression throughout Canada had commenced a couple of vears before this period, but the begmn.n- of .S75 saw it include Toronto in its fell embrace. Hard times are never pleasant, and durinj,' the next four years the Oueen Citv liad to strugo-le with and overcome them in common with the Test of the country. Though its trade decreased and the population remained almost stationary, while as.sc.ssments only increased $3,000,000. the citv as a whole endured the crisis nobly and came out triumphantly with its supremacy as a commercial centre unchecked and unimpaired. In .87^, an interesting'event occured m the election of .Mr. John Macdonald as M.P. for Centre Toronto. b\ acclamation. He had represented Toronto West for some years before L'oii lederation, h;' • defeated Mr. John Beverley Robinson in June iSo;;. but since "'"^ '''"^' '^=' participated in politics. Mr. Macdonald afterwards for many years a mc.iber of the Senate of C:>.nada -was one of those men who l\o honor to a commercial centre like Toronto. Honest and honorable to the fullest measure, enterprising,'- and extraordinarily successful in business, an earnest worker in relipous circles and a staunch supporter of all movements for the moral advancement of the people, he deserved to be counted amonirst the most prominent and the most worthy of Toronto's merchant princes. Thouirh defeated in 1878 on seeking- re-election, he retained an intluential, but always somewhat independent political position, until his one-time opponent. Sir John .Macdonnld. elevated him to the Senate in 1887. The late Senator Macdonald ranks hiijh amongst those who during- forty years past have developec. .he trade ot the Oueen City and ciiiianced its reputation : " A life in civic .iction warm, A soul on highest mission stnt, A potent Voice in I'arliaiiient, r A pillar steadfast in the siorm." ****** IN May of this year occurred the untimely death of Hon. Mr. Crawford. He was succeeded in the Lieut. -Governorship by a prominent Liberal politician, the Hon. Donald Alexander Macdonald, Postmaster-General in Mr. Mac- kenzie's Government. Towards its close Mr. Robert A. Harrison, Q.C., of Toronto, became Chief Justice of Ontario. The dying- of the year also witnessed the decadence in history, not of its limited outcome of a had lired the local in its n sympathized v R. VV. Klliott C». T. Denison Haliburton, ;in principles. Tl lloatiiig- idea tl and St length; Federal Nation independent in ber ot those si l-imjiire, but tli and elastic bou who had contri It was this poi broke up and d guage which Smitli's brillian at the moment, interesting- inci immediately fol nuring the liie march of already stated, and the advisa competition of .' disaster which was finished in board; the con an era of canal dian products n Fisheries Awan Washing^ton Tr Mayor of Toron lilarly in Ja during^ a dinner delivered anothc the duties of a ( DE SOUVENIR NlMliER. n V tlio decadence and practical disappearance of a litile party which lias won fame ^JJ""''" ''•■''' in liistory, not so nnicii l\\ its power or performance, as throiij^h llie brilliancy y.'fi its limited circle oi nicnihers. The " fanada First " iir^anization was the outcome oi a patriot'sm with which the formation of the I'atiadian l)i>minion had fired the breasts K^i the younj^er generation. It was almost entirely local in its membership, thou^fh some prominent incn outside of Toronto sympathized with its principles at the outset. W. II. llowland, Ilr. CannilT, R. W. hlllioti, llu>;li niaiii, Ihijfh Scott, W. A. Foster, (J.f., Lieut. -Col. (i. T. Dcnison, W. H. McMurrich, (J.C, C. R. W. Bi},'Kar, g.C"., Robert Cirant llaliburton, ;ind Charles Mair were some of the more prominent supporters of its principles. The Siviety iind the sentiment inculcated was the embodiment of a lloatinj,'' idea that Canada as a country must stand more upon its own resources and strenj^'th ; must assume the ri^^hts and responsibilities which its newly-formed Federal Nationality foreshadowed and made Tiecessary ; must, in short, be more independent in deed and more national in spirit. The ideal of the >j;reater num- ber o'i those supportiiii,'' the movement, however, was not separation from the I'lmpire, but the development \.-\i these aspirations and pi>wers u ithin its wide and elastic bounds. As Charles M;iir subsequently wrote in memory of the man who had contributed the best literature to the discussion Wm. A. I"'oster, Q.C.: " Ni)r lessuni'd wouM the duty lio ; ■|'o rally then .irouiul the llircim.' ; A filial nation, strong and free - '. ( ircMi liritain's child to manhood nnnMi." It was this point, however, added to partisan complications, which ultimately broke up and disbanded the little body of men. Mr. W. II. llowland used lan- gua^jc which gave ofl'ence to Loyalist sympathizers, while Mr. (ioldwin Smith's brilliant advocacy of independence, though it gave the Society prestige at the moment, aided finally in its disintegration. So much for a curious and interesting incident in the political life ^^i '\ox<'^n\.<^ during 187 1 and the years immediately following. During the next three years no occurrence of special importance marked the march o\' events. The depression was everywhere, and Toronto, as already stated, felt it severel}'. The chief subject oi discussion was the tariff and the advisability, or otherwise, of doing something to check the intense competition of American manufactured goods and turn the current oi industrial disaster which threatened to ruin the I!)ominion. The Intercolonial Railway was finished in iKyf), and connected the city and Province with the Atlmtic sea- board; the construction of the Canadian Pacific was tentatively commenced ; an era of canal improvement was entered upon; an excellent exhibition of Cana- dian products made at the Philadelphia Centennial ICxposition ; and the Halifax Fisheries Award obtained, giving Canada $5,500,000 under the terms of the Washington Treaty. In 1876, 1877 and 1878, Mr. Angus Morrison, Q.C., was Mayor of Toronto, succeeded in 1879 by Mr. James Beatty, Jr., Q.C. Early in January, 1877, Lord DufVerin made a third visit to Toronto, and during a dinner at the National Club, on the evening of the twelfth of the month, delivered another oi his inimitable speeches, in the course of which he described the duties of a Governor-General and the advantage to the Dominion of having v. II )| ■lai il 74 BOARD OF TRADK S COLLEGb: OARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUMBER. COLLEGb: AVliNUE. BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR Nb\ Canada First Party. Iiuiiistrial llxhiliition Association such an impartial iiead of the State in words which might well be said to embody the whole constitutional law of Responsible Government within a couple of sentences. His reference to Toronto in another eloquent address given at the Toronto Club two evenings later was appreciative, and as a statement of fact, absolutely correct : " WIkmi I Dlj^erve the' L-Mraordinary (Icvclopmcnl wliicli has taken place in the architectural splendor of Toronto durini; the interval which has intervened since my last visit, I cannot he expected to entertain any niisgivint,'s either in regard to your jiresent or your future. Within this brief period new hanks, churches, cininierciai Imildings, mansions, whole streets, have s|nung into existence with the rapidity of maidc. while everything connected with them and with the city .isHires me that the |m)gress thus developed is as solid and sidislanlial as it is resplendent."' N' May of the following year His Excellency visited the Queen City again and opened the Sixth Annual Exhibition of the Ontario Society of Artists. During 1S7S, the absorbing topic of conversatic'i — the great overshadowing event — was the Dominion election contest. But some minor occurrences received con- siderable attention in Toronto. One was the recognition of an honor obtained lor himself and for the city with which his family had so long been identified, when I. ieut. -Colonel Cieorge Taylor Denison was banquetted in January of this year after having gained a prize given by the Czar of Russia for the best history of cavalry. Captured in the teeth of European competition and from amongst the best military talent of the great military nations, this Canadian oflicer of Milititi had won the trophy by his " History of Cavalry from the Earliest Times, with Lessons for the Euture." Such a literary victory reflected credit upon Toronto, and well deserved popular appreciation. An event of great local itnportance was the establishment oi the Industrial Exhibition Association which has done so much to attract visitors to the Queen City and to maintain its business supremacy and Provincial intluence. After many rebutls and much labor the h^xhibition Committee, of which Mr. John J. Withrow was the enthusiastic and energetic Cliairnan, succeeded in eft'ecting a tease of sixty acres of land, since known as l^xhibition Park, and eventually managed to get the Main building, together with the Agricultural and Horticultural buildings, erected, and other necessary work done in lime to receive the exhibits of the Provincial .Associa- tion which had been invited and promised for this year, and to be ready lor opening by the Governor-General on September 24th. Local complications had defented the inoney by-law presented to the people for this purpose, but the Ciiy Council stood manfully by the Committee, and through tremendous exertions a work had been accomplished to which Toronto in recent years owes much. Forty thousand dollars had been expended over the amount anticipated, but it was all subsequently arranged in a satisfactory manner and the enterprise placed upoii a stable financial basis. So much is this the case that Toronto has now become the chief Exhibition point in Canada, and the " Great Fair" is more largely attended, while the receipts continue to grow as the years roll on. The Earl of DutTerin, in coming to the Provincial capital for the purpose of opening the Industrial, paid his last visit to a city of which it is evident that he thought very highly. .And the reception given him and the charming Countess oi Duflerin, on this as on previous occasions, certainly merited appreciation. To say that h splendid build national wealt themselves. or large bould Toronto had 1 nutnerous add number of pub a prolonged I great constitut the people of 1 and H.R.H. t Rideau Hall Queen. On t C hiet Justice o away after a br and worked so sor was anothc Harrison's, mer a brilliant Judj^ later, at the ea countrv. B I'T the over at the pol the way of rowc September that which they have from the Atlanti changes of pet-si by others of the cities of Canada and returned Re Parliament, whi N. Clarke Wal Toronto had div after Confedera representatives. W. Crawford, (, sented the city, John Macdonald and later the Ht sions respective] effect upon the ( applied during E SOUVENIR NUMBER. 75 To say that his speech was characteristic is sufficient, and his references to th^ yxiI'jbiVi^',, splendid building's, the variety and richness of their contents, the proofs of Association, national wealth and of individual energy, ingenuity and enterprise, speak for themselves. An interesting incident which followed was the erection of a Cairn, or large boulder, upon the spot in the Exhibition grounds where the old Fort Toronto had been erected one hundred and twenty-nine years before. After numerous addresses had been presented to His l^xceliency, and an immense number of public functions performed, the Earl and Countess of Dufl'erin closed a prolonged farewell visit which had served to impress the popularity of this great constitutional ruler still more powerfully upon the hearts and memories of the people of Toronto. During the succeeding November the Marquis of Lome and H.R.H. the Princess Louise arrived in Canada and took up their abode at Rideau Hall as the Representatives in a double sense ol Her Majesty the Queen. On the first day of this month the able and marvellously energetic Chief Justice of Toronto, Hon. Robert .Alexander Harrison, D.C.L., passed away after a brief judicial career in which he had greatly distinguished himself and worked so hard as to undoubtedly hasten its sad termination. His succes- sor was another leading Toronto lawyer, a former partner of Chief Justice Harrison's, member of Parliament for West Toronto during a brief period, and a brilliant Judge the Hon. Thomas Moss, whose untimely death three years later, at the early age of forty-two, caused the greatest sorrow in the city and countrv. 11 I if' BUT the overshadowing event of the vear, as alicad\- slated, was the contest constrvativt ^ " . " victory, at the polls between the two great national parties. ,\fter the most vigorous campaign in Canadian history, but one almost without stain in the way of rowdyism or violence, it was found on the morning of the i8th of September that the Government and the Liberal part) had met a Waterloo, from which they have never since recovered. Sir John Macdonald swept the country from the Atlantic to the Pacific and formed a Ministry which witli occasional changes of /)<'/-,\yw« :i^ •Tiiiri"T"n — f T''irT"iTri- • j^i""iirriiniirT '• riTrriH,' ifiv':.----i'nrirnir'iiiiniwfM*fn'i»ii;i)lJi|W Ifl 76 BOARD OF TRADE SO Conservative mercc of the Provincial capital as fully as it helped the interests of other civic Victory r . I centres tlirouijhout llie Oominion. And this can be said witho.it any expression of opinion upon the relative merits of (ree trade and protection, the National Policy or Reriprocity. With the scattering of the dark clouds which had covered the Canadian horizon for several years, came renewed prosperity to Toronto and the commencement oi an era of pros;ress which marks the fullest tide oi its metropolitan development. Manufactures started in the outskirts, and tall chimneys soon showed themselves in difterent parts of the cit}-; suburbs grew with rapidity, and the population jumped up from 56,000 in 187 1 to 77,034, ac- cording to the city as:^essors, in 1881. The events of 1879, as^ide from the tariff changes, were of comparative'y small import and Toronto was very little stirred. On the 9th of January the Local Legislature met, and in consequence of Hon. M. C. Cameron's ap- pointment to the Bench, a leader for the Con- servative Opposition had to be chosen. The honor — and the burden of a disappointing but responsible position — fell upon Mr. \V. R. Meredith, Q.C., of London, who has ever since led his party in Ontario. No man has ever fought more gallaiUiy and none more honorably than Mr. Meredith did in a losing cause during the following tifteen years, and it is safe to say that no one, no . even the veteran Premier, has done so much during that period to mould the laws and legislation of Ontario. His personal qualities, great legal ability and genuine elo- quence have become well known in Toronto, and especially since he took up his residence in the Queen City a ^c^w years ago. In March the general elections took place, uiien Mr. Mowat was successful as he had already been in the elections of 1874. Since then, though with varying majorities -.xuiX under ditTering conditions, the Reform party has held the Pro- vincial fort, and Toronto, though Conservative in politics, finds itself the seat of a Liberal (Jov- ernmcnt and the centre of its political ramifica- tions. On the Queen's Birthdav. the late Lieut. -Covcrnor Hon. W. P. Howland, C.B., with others, was knighted by His ICxcellency Lord Lome in the name of the Queen, and given the insignia of a K.C.M.G. Early in the same year. Bishop Bethune died and was succeeded by the present able administrator of the Diocese, Right Rev. Dr. Sweetman. When the First .Annual opening oi the Industrial Hxhibition took place it was found that the Marquis of Lome had •A HOYAL sot IRD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUMBER. ;sts of oilier civic oaX any expression -•tion, the National vviiich had covered parity to Toronto the fullest tide of consented to perform the ceremony, and at the same time pay his first formal ^.^;;';,^r^^.^'"'^'' visit to Toronto. Accompanied by the Princess Louise, the (lovernor-General arrived in the city on September 4th, and was received with due digi ly and loyalty, and two days later opened the Exhibition amid {general enthusiasm. After a short period spent in London and the West, the Mce-rej^-^al party returned, and c :t the i8th of ilic month Hei- Royal Hi},'hness laid the foundation stone of the Home for Lid-'rables, while the Ciovernor-General presided at the opening ceremony of the Credit Valley R;'ilwa\ . ,*.i-^ 4LJE«1 F.ay«B[; ral"«i •" «*"- •A ROYAL SOUVENIR . \V. r. Howland, ie in the name of n the same year, iministrator of the il opening- of the uis of Lome had N March, 1880, an event occurred which removed from the arena of politics and journalism a powerful intellect and rugged, uncompromising character, in the person of Hon. (leorge Hrown. His attempted assas- sination by a drunken employe who had been dismissed from the Globe for misconduct, sent a thrill o\' horror throufjh the community, and when death resulted on the qth of May, the citizens oi Toronto felt that a man had gone from amongst them, who with all his faults and mistakes, had done loyal service to his country and reflected honor upon the city in which he lived and performed his life-work. The mur- derer was duly tried and executed, and two \ ears later a monument was erected in Queen's Park to the memory of the deceased leader. Li speaki'-g at the unveiling of the statue, Hon. Mr. Mowat said of him with a trulh which I'eservcs recollection in these days o\ stirring- discussion upon national topics : " All liis life he loved hi> Queen and ihc i^rnnd old Manils of the sta over «hich she has reiy;ne(l s-o long and so liappily. All his life he loved Hiiiish connectif n an I Kiilish iiismiilioiis : and all his life he did his part in niaintai' in^ like scnti.nenis wherever his inlhienee estended." I'^arly in the year the Cirand Opera House, wliicii had been burned down and handsomely rebuilt, was opened with considerable ceremony, and a couple of months afterwards the Union Methodist Church on Spadina Avenue erected at a cost of $12,000, was also formally opened. On the (,th oi July, Hon. John Beverley Robinson was sworn tn as Lteut.-Governor of Ontario before a large and fashionable audience m the Legislative Chamber, and entered upon duties which he was destined to fulfil with more than usual acceptance and popularity. A tew days afterwards Senator .McMaster crowned his honorable career ia neaihol lloii. Ctdrge Ilrowii. BOARD OJ' TRADE SOUVENIR NUM. Heath of lion lirown. Kilwartl Haiilaii. Toronto by performing the preliminary ceremony in connection witli tlie Baptist College, now iMcMaster Hall, wliicli he proposed to present to the Trustees at an estimated cost of $75,000. In the fall Lieut. -Ciovernor Robinson opened the second Annual Kxhibition and the gratifying statement was made that the .Association had cleared $25,000 in excess of previous receipts, and that onlv a small debt of $16,000 remained upon the building. During the year politics had been somewhat dormant with the exception of Hon. .Alexander Mickanzle's compulsory retirement from Liberal leadership, and tiie choice of Hon. Kdward Hlake. Q.C.. as his successor. CJreat expectations were enter tained as to the future under the brilliant leadership of Mr. Hiake. His exceptional tal- ents, lofty legal reputation, great control of language and high personal character, were supposed by many members of his party to ensure su.cess. But they over- looked the entire lack of magnet- ism, utter indifference to personal popularity and g-eneral coldness o{ demeanor, which then and since have marked his career so distinctlv. TORONTO has for at least two decades been celebrated throughout Ontario and the other Provinces for its lo\ e of out-diior sports ami the capacitx of its citizens to excel in contests which add so much to the health and muscle of the participants. Nearness to the water, and fond- ness for aquatic sports have created clubs like the Argonaut, the Royal Canadian \'acht Club, and the Sunnyside, whilst the Lacrosse players of Toronto have won European fame, and other games have been as warmly patronized. But the apotheosis of skilled sportmanship in Canada came when Kdward Hanlan of Toronto, in 1880, gained the rowing championship of the world. During November he had rowed Edward Tuckett of .Australia, upon the Thames for the Championship and won, rowing 4 miles 440 yards in 26 minutes and twelve seconds. In the February following, he captured the Sportsman's Challenge Cup, $5,000 and the Cham- pionship oi England against l-llias C. Lnycock of Australia, along the same course, but in slil created a furore little for sports ( an immoral pur; Torontonian and throughout the ci victor a great rec man of the world •^ J ■ ■ . ' ^ ■,■-,■'■ » » ■ ' ■ ■•■ »■ T' ■■■/ *M.:-'.^'' A • I '000 .. ' ^. ■ -■/ ,# -■■-?^,-^ i - ■Ji^i . *-r>,-V"V>4.r .;'■ ■ ■ .. '■ J2^ ■'^ ■ s^-- "• v V" ■-';.- ' ■• ■-■ ''■ ' • ^■■ k' ' ■ , .. ■ ■ ■' r ^'.'■i''^.-'-- ■ '■' ■ ": v;^-; iiv-- ■■■■: ' ■ ■ ■ , '..'■■.'. • '■ ■ - - . '- S;:. ia'":-- i b ■ liP* ^ ' Mi « » SIR CASMIR GZOWSKIS STATUE IN QUEEN NIAGARA FALLS PARK. Crown. The the .Andrew Me intestate and th escheated the |- personality to fo and now const ii claimants went Supreme Court so U J -RNIR X UMBER / / course, hut in still better time — j:; minutes and :;oi . seconds. These victories Pdwnrd created a furore of excitement in the Cjueen City. I'A'en circles which cared little for sport.s of any kind and were inclined to rcj^ard boal-racinj;' as rather an Immoral pursuit, felt pleasantly stirred over such an achievement by a Torontonian and realized that it would do much to maUe the city known throuj^hout the civilized world. Preparations were therefore made to \(\\g the victor a s^'reat reception. On his arrixal in N'ew-^'ork, the new Champion Oars- man of the world was entertained at a banquet and hailed in the press, much to his and our astonishment, .as an "American." Reachinj;' Toronto on March 4th, Ilanlan was j^iven a majinificent welcome. The Lieutenant-Governor of Ontario received him at the Grand Opera House, \.^\\ behalf of the Province while the Mayor presented him with a splendid service of plate and a cheque for $500 as a mark of appreciation from the citizens. Other gifts were showered upon him by various public bodie.s and sportini;' societies. And there i.s no question tiiat Kdward Hanlan deserved much from the city which he had made famous in the sporting world through his achievements as an oarsman. In later days when the laurel wreath was gone and the dark clouds of defeat bring over him, this fact was too often forsroticn. A N interesting- event during J'.f^tVce^Mo^l*'^ this year, was the judgment given by the Supreme Court of Canada alfirming the conten- tion that a Provincial Government has no right to escheat to the Crown. The famous case upon which this turned was the ownership of the Andrew Mercer property, valued at $150,000. The owner had died intestate and the Ontario (iovernment, ignoring the claims of certain parties, escheated the property to the Crown and appropriated a portion of the personality to founding what is known as the Mercer Reformatory for Women and now constituting one of the largest public institutions in Toronto. The claimants went to law and the case proceeded from Court to Court until the Supreme Court gave a judgment in their favor. The Government, however, STATU L-: IN QUI£1.-:N VICTOHIA \ FALLS PARK. I 1 'I \ :l| w ' 1^1 > h DOARD OF TRADE SOL QUEEN STF^EET AVENUE LOOKING ^ ]D OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUMIU-.R I .VENUE LOOKING NORTH FROM QUEEN STREET. BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUMH. j'!'"uce'ML^if ''PP*-'''''-''-' ''^''''"'^' ^'^^ ^*-'^'**'^^ '*^ '•'"-' Imperial Privy Council and there won the case finally. And Toronto benolitted tliroii},^h the consequent completion of a lar^e buildinjj and the maintenance ol' a most useful instituUoii. ICarly in January, melanclioly tidinj,'s had reached the city conccrnin^^ Chief Justice Moss. He had ^one to Nice, in Southern France, in a vain endeavor to recover from overwork, but uselessly, and on the 4th January he died. Grief was universal and the bench and bar, the press and pulpit joined in ofTeriiit,'- tributes to the memory of a man so comparatively youn^- and so richly endowed in all the qualities that make for greatness. Mr. Justice Burton summed up public opinion in stating that the deceased Chief Justice combined in his own person " the kind and courteous gentleman, the brilliant and able advocate, the upright and impartial judge." Two other citizens who passed away during this year had contributed greatly to the development of Toronto. Owo. was Lieut. -Col. Frederick William Cumberland, C.F., who during many years partnership with Mr. \V. Ci. Storm, the architect, had planned and supervised the erection of a hirge number of the principal buildings in the city, such as Osgoode Hall, St. James Cathedral, the Normal School and Toronto University. Later he was Chief Engineer of the Northern Railway and for twenty years its Managing- Director. Such services, coupled with many years membership in Parliament, an active interest in different public bodies and especially in the Militia, made his influence very great. The funeral was one of the largest ever held in Toronto. William Gooderham also left the scene of his many financial victories and his ene ^^-etic business operations. Mr. Gooderham, whose family now holds such a marked position in Toronto, seemed to make everything he touched successful. First as a miller in conjunction with the late James Worts, and then as a distiller in conjunction with the late James G Worts, under the famous firm name of Gooderham & Worts, business prospeied exceedingly. At the time of his death, the one concern employed 1000 men. Besides this great enterprise, Mr. Gooderham was one of the founders of the Bank of Toronto and acted as its President for fifteen year. Railways and building and loan societies also received considerable attention from him. Needless to say he left great wealth and a name synonymous with successful, cautious, business action. Toronto's Population. P UBLIC banquets seem to have been a marked feature of this period. Late in the previous year, Archibald Forbes, the famous newspaper correspondent, had been dined and wined by the Toronto press. In April, Hon. Edward Blake was given a great banquet in the Queen's Hotel by his party friends. Sir Wm. Howland, who had once more joined the ranks of the Liberals, was Chairman, and amongst others present were Hon. Alex. Mackenzie, Sir R. J. Cartwright, Hon. O. Mowat, Senator McMaster and Hon. Messrs. Crooks, Pardee and Eraser. In June, Hon. A. P. Caron, Minister of Militia, was entertained at dinner by the Volunteer Officers of Toronto, Lieut.-Col. G. T. Denison acting as Chairman. In September, Sir Hector Langevin was banquetted by the United Empire Club, with Mr. James Beatty, Jr., Q.C., M.P., in the Chair, while on November 23rd, Sir John Macdonald was given a great' banquet by the Conservatives of Toronto in the Horticultural Pavilion. Hon. G. W. Allan On September 7lh, by Lieut. -Governot and about fifty vis taken and showed I in ten years. Accc 32, 1 17 Irish and 1^1 nations, the Churcl Methodists came n and the Presbyteri: in population and wonder that Dr. \^ twenty years and a written in " Hespe " ToiDntii, seen w for iiiv friends had liear( very fine lniildiii{;s and craft alontiside of tlieni, sei|uence by sprinj^s and is increasing si ill very rn THE year which " paper town deeply in the and sensible plans, of unusual prospt Colonization Comj 1882, and financier in the desert after formed the basis I cities in miniature, description, lawye mania. Winnipeg ledge of how Tore places might expei leges. A great ma best and brainiest and Trading Co.,' Co., with $1,000,0 Beatty, Jr., Q.C. interested ; the Tc well, John Small, chewan Land & Rev. Dr. Sutherla with Geo. Maclea $2,000,000 ; the Y zatlon Co., with 1 Ml ' SOUVENIR NUMliER 79 Toronto H Popiilntioii Hon. G. W. Allan was Chairman, and many of the party leaders were present. On September 7tli, the Annua! l''xhihition had been opened witii f^reat ceremony by I,ioiit.-(iovernor Robinson in tlu- presence of the l.ieiit.-liovernor of Quebec and about fifty visitinjf Mayors. Durinj,' this year the Dominion Census was taUen and showed the population of Toronto to be Sr),4i5 or an increase of 30,000 in ten years. Aecordin;;' to orif^ins the lii;ures were classified as 34, Su) luiji^lisli, ^j, I 17 Irish and 13,754 Scotch, with the rest scattering'. Accordinj,"^ to denomi- nations, the Church o^ l^nj^'land was still in the lead with 31,000 adherents, the Methodists came next with i<),357 followers, the Roman C'atholics had 15,716 and the Presbyterians i4,()i j adherents. In view of such a maj^'-niiicent increase ill population and the splendid architectural progress of the period, it was little wonder that Dr. Wm. Howard Russell, who visited the city after an interval of twenty years and amid the gloomy cftects of down-pouring rain, should have written in " Hesperothen ; " — " Toronti), seen under ilie most disailviiiiiaijooiii ciicmn-itances was votfd to lie very surprising, for niv friends had heard so much of the ininioliiiily of Canad:!, thai they wire not propari'd fur such very fine Iniildiiij^s and such a threat array of wharves and i|uay> on ihc hike, and the great Meet of craft alont,'side of them Toronto lias iiureased in ail the elemtnis of wealth and con sei|uence hy spriiijjs and hounds, and since iSoi, whin I was there, its iiojiulaiion ha> douoleii and it is increasing still very ra|)i OF TRAnE SOUVKNIii NUMiiER, w •«. .I'.S^i^V Kk'- t'.- >€V ■:^. •y<- U^ter -t* ;?%fft?r^^!;v^^^''^■• VIEW OF TORONTO ISLAND. BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUMt The ■' Boom ' reriod. The Kaihvav S\steni. corporate members, aiul a capital of Si ,000,000 ; the Provident cK: Commercial Land Co . and a large number of others, besides innumerable small concerns. Those mentioned by name were limited companies, established for legitimate purposes and encouraged by the influx of settlers and ,1 growth of population, too rapid, however, for steady maintenance, along the rapidlv building route, or supposed route of the Canadian Pacific. Hut though manv of them are doing business lo-day upon a solid foundation and progressive principles, the collapse oi the boom only served to bring them out in greater contrast to the mvriad minor companies which went under in the crash. Toronto was hit severely, as well as other parts of the country, and its business men have as a consequence, up to very recent times, been exeedingly cautious in dealing with .Manitoba properties and North-West enterprises. Vet good has come out of evil, and the establish- ment of the Prairie Province upon its present splendid footing received an impetus which the ensuing collapse of speculation was unable to seriously aflect. The excitement, however, ran its course and it was fully a year before various causes led to the result usual after such periods of speculation. AHOCT this time the railway concentration commenced which has practically divided the country for transportation purposes between two great systems. The lesser roads such as the Wellington, Grey ^: Bruce, the Kincardine line, the Welland Railway, the London & Port Stanley line, the London, Huron cK: Bruce Railway, the Brantford, Norfolk & Port Burwell Railwav. together with the already extensive Cireat-Western system, were amalgamated during i ' _ •' bysteni. Its prin "iples as presented in his inau}^iiral address were somewhat va^iie and theoretical, the chief planks — not by any means new- -bein^ the neijotiation ^i our own commercial treaties, a reform of the Senate, the restriction of immigra- tion, and the tillins.7 of Dominion military positions by Canadians. Hut the "Third I'arty ' did not succeed and soon died of inanition. .A nuicli more important occurrence was the Convention (s'i the Liberal-Conservative p;;rty of Ontario held at Shaftesbury Hall, on Sept. 13th. I"or nearly ten years, the Reformers had held the political gates of the Province, and during;- the period immediately preceeding the elections oi nSS^, their opponents had determined to make a prolonged and vigorous elVort to oust tliem from power. The Conven- tion, which remained in Session for two days was largely attended and was presided over by Mr. I'-dward Gurney, Jr., of Toronto. Amongst tho..e present were. Sir John Macdonald, .Sir Leonard Tilley, Hon. Mackenzie Bowell, .Mr. W. R. .Meredith, Q.C., M.P.P., the local leader, Hon. .Alex. Morris and Hori. John O'Donohue, O I"., the lately appointed Toronto Senator. Strong resolutions were passed denouncing' Mr Mowat's (iovernment for the alleged wrongfid expenditure of public money ; manipulation of the public services for political purposes ; attempts to sow seeds of dissension and distrust between the Provin- ces ; persistent attacks upon the power of municipalities ; factious efforts to thwart the Dominion policy of the I'ederal (Iovernment ; and ..'luse of the licpior-licensing power. Resolutions were also passed favoring extension oi the franchise ; decentralization in the administration of Justice ; reform of the municipal system ; exclusion of party politics from the management oi education ; improvement ot the school system generally ; lessening o'i the cost of (Iovern- ment, and rigid economy. The gathering was followed by organized efforts throughout the Province upon both sides and by a great Liberal Convention, also held in Toronto, on the 3rd of January, 1SS3. Shaftesbury Hall was, how- e\'er, found too small lor the nimiber of delegates, who adjourned to tlio Horticul- tural Pavilion. .Most of the Liberal leaders were present, including the Hon. O. .Mowat, Hon. Edward Blake, the party chief at Ottawa, Hon. .Alex. Mackenzie, Sir R. Cartwright, Hon. David Mills and the members of the Ontario Govern- ment. Captain McAhister acted as Chairman, and resolutions were passed enthusiastically approving of the Liberal policy in the Province ; denouncing ih..' Federal disallowance of the Rivers and Streams Bill ; claiming full recognition of I'rovincial autonomy; congratulating the Government upon its financial administration ; and expressing affection for the Federal l^nion. A little later occurred the melancholy retirement of Hon. .Adam Crooks from the political and social life of Toronto and the Province under stress of mental derangement: and on the 27th of February the elections were held which once more sustained Mr. Mowat, but by the smallest majority I'e has ever had, before or since. ***** I'^.VNTIMK the general elections for which 18S2 is noted had been held in Tiie -necUons Prince Fdward Island, \ew-Brunswick Nova Scotia, British-Columbia and Manitoba. But all were overshadowed by the Dominion contest, which occurred on the 3rd of May, under circumstances so favorable to the Govern- ! i ill B It! 82 BOARD OF TRADE SO % CQ O h O > ?£) OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUMBER ^*% ^U- ixmir* m D J ■J < o r O > ■J I BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUM. ^m mm Wf w^ M !*•> ■ 2'> --2- ATHEN/EUM CLUB. R1£1-'0HM CLUB. E SOUVENIR NUMBER. «:, IBl Jr| '^■^^iniiH^^'^f'^^i^'^J^^.: X'.„^'i52!S EFOHM CLUB. NATIONAL CLUB .'W^y^wwjiaaB' -'-T-f-' mm m «4 BOARD OF TRADh THE TORONTO CLUB, CORNER YOl \Rn OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUMhEI^. ;LUB, corner YONGE and WELLINGTON STREETS. BOARD OF IRADE SOUVENIR NUMh The Hlection- ment, that it is little woiuler the Conservatives slunikl liave swept the country. The material proj^ress which had characteri/etl the piececlini^ vear was extra- oidiiiarj. and all talk ot iiillatlon or undue expansion was swallowed up in popular satisfaction with North-West development ; the rapid and almost phenomen:il construction ot" the CP.R. ; an increasing trade ; easy money market ; pltntitul demand for labor and remunerative prices for products and work. Toronto had its full share of the jji'ood times, and although individu"'s had reasons later on to regret the Manitoba "boom," they none the less benefitted for the moment and added to the general wealth of the city. L'nder these conditions it is not surpris- ing that Mr. Hlake found himself swimming against a too powerful current and that Sir John Macdoiiald once more swept into power with a splendid majority. Toronto, of course, was intensely interested in the result. The usual mas.'> meetings were held and the result showed the election of three Conservatives. Robert Hay defeated ). D. H^dgar in Centre Toronto, John Small won in the East against a well known merchant Mr. Thomas Thompson, and James Heatty, Jr., Q.C., defeated Mayor McMurrich in the West. In l-^ast \'ork, Hon. Alex. Mackenzie captured the riding from Alfred Boultbee, Q.C., while Wm. Mulock in the North, and N. Clarke Wallace in the West Ridings were elected — the latter defeating Mr. Thomas Hodgins, CJ.C, of Toronto. Other events of importance occurred during this year. The Church ot ICngland in Canada lost by death one of its most deeply respected leaders, the \ery Rev. Henry James Grasett, Dean of Toronto, who had many years before succeeded Dr. Strachan as Rector oi St. James. His ability as a theologian, culture and force as a preacher, and zealousness in the work of the Church caused him to be sincerely mourned. The Rev. J. P. Dumoulin, M.A., of Mont- real, was appointed Rector and has ever since ministered to the people of an important and historic parish. I':arly in February, one ^^i the great men of Canada and one oi the most energetic, useful and prominent of Toronto's citi- zens had also passed away in the person of Kger on Ryerson. Stripped of the other titles and honors whicii he had in plenty, the memory of this Father of Ontario's educational system remains forever a part of the history of his country. As the most conspicuous figure in the annals o'i Canadian Methodism, as a militant preacher and politician and writer, his would still have been a memor- able career had he never taken in hand our educational system. But recollec- tions of the ambition with which he was charged, the bitter struggles of a turbulent period, have all been superseded by respect for the great life-work of the man who organized the basis upon which rests the fabric of our public schools. In the death of James (Jooderham Worts, Toronto lost another citizen who in a very different w-ay had done nuich for its advancement. .-\s head of the Hank of Toronto, ex-President of the Board of Trade, and member of various public bodies, and of the great firm oi Gooderham & Worts, he had done his duty by the city and its interests, in a way which liad helped its progress not a little. During the year, the well known United Empire Club had been compelled to close its doors from financial trouble after a six years term of existence. As the centre of Conservative social influence in the city and province it had wielded considerable power, which in later years was taken up by the Albany Club, its legitinif scull race against course, the World in an equally ch;i Baptist House .Mi sums to other \\a\ his appreciation o: Houses, whicli w Tiie Industrial V.y. with the usual cei J. J. Withrow pr lillev, Hon. Mr. I THE new year prosperity, {i R. Bos well majority and und< was chosen by the Chief Magistrate In I'ebruary, the as Toronto was c g.C, D.C.L., an measure was intn O.C, which deep people generally, sioners for Canad companies to ab conduct their bus was of a somev grounds that it prevent all discrii injure carrying tr; to the investmen naturally deeply representing the Ottawa against t presented a repor obtain Parliamen embodied in a Gt About this ti of his exertions, at the instance ol in Hamilton, Tor city's commercial the dry-goods fi for nearly fifty ; : SOUVHNIR NUMBER. H5 club, its leij^itimate partv successor. In April Kdward llanlan won a siiiLHo- ''■!'^^''"''^^*-""'""' scull race against Hovd, of Midtllcsboro, I';n},'^land, and ;£.50o, retaining, of course, the World's C'lianipionsliip. Senator McMasler distinguished liimselt" ill an ecjually characteristic, though not exactly similar way, hy giving the liaplisi House Mission Fund $15,000 towards the close of the year, and similar sums to other Baptist bodies, while Mr. Erastus Wiman, of New York, marked his appreciation K^i the city he had once lived in by presenting it with free bathing Houses, which were formally opened by Mayor McMurrich, on July 22nd. The Industrial ICxhibition was opened by Attorney-General Mowat, on Sept. hth, with the usual ceremonies and was attended by the usual success. !'r.>sident J. J. VVithrow presided at a banquet in the evening, at which Sir Leonard Tilley, Hon. Mr. Hlake and Hon. .Mr. Howell delivered congratulatory addresses. THE new year opened with hardly a shadow upon the surface of Toronto's prosperity, and with little of political or local turmoil In January, .Mr. S.. R. Hoswell was elected M.iyor over Mr. J. J. Withrow, but by a small majority and under circumstances which leads the latter to still maintain that he was chosen by the people. Mr. Boswell, however, made a dignified and efficient Chief .Magistrate and in the succeeding yar was re-elected for a second term. In February, the Provincial elections, already referred to, took place and so lar as Toronto was concerned locally, resulted in the election of Hon. .Alex. Morris, Q.C, n.C.L., and the late Henry E. Clarke. During the succeeding month a measure was introduced in the Dominion Parliament by .Mr. D'Alton McCarthy, OA' .^ which deeply interested the leading citizens of Toronto and indeed, the people generally. It was a Bill for constituting a Court if Railway Commis- sioners for Canada, and proposed to give power to this body to compel railway companies to abide by their charters, to afford equal facilities to all, and to conduct their business in a manner more beneficial to the public. The proposal was of a somewhat sweeping character, and was defended mainly upon the grounds that it would prevent monopoly, restrict favoritism to localities and prevent all discrimination in rates. Sir Charles Tupper opposed it as likely to injure carrying trade in competition with .American lines and as a discouragement to the investment oi foreign capital. Toronto as a great railway centre was naturally deeply interested in the proposal. Messrs. VV. D. Mathews, representing the Corn Exchange .Association, and Wm. Ciooderham, went to Ottawa against the measure, while Messrs. G. .A. Chapman and R. W. Elliott presented a report of the Toronto Board of Trade in its favor. The bill failed to obtain Parliamentary approval, some of its clauses, however, being subsequently embodied in a Government measure. .About this time one of the pioneers of Toronto's trade left for ever the scene of his exertions. Hon. John McMurrich, since 1H33, when he came to Canada at the instance of a Glasgow firm in order to establish branches of their business in Hamilton, Toronto and Kingston, had been unceasingly connected with the city's commercial development. Four years after his arrival here, he had formed the dry-goods firm of Bryce, McMurrich & Co., and remained at its head for nearly fifty years. As a member of the City Council, Chairman of the .Xtteinptfil Raihvuy I.egishiliDii. Deatll of Koil. J0I111 McMur- rich. M« 5 \\ H<) BOARD OF TRADE iiOr \\ GOVERNMENT HOUSl OF TRADE :iOUVESUR NUMBER. ^^^ HOARD 01' TRADE SOUVENIR NVMHh Dfiilli III' Moil. John MiMiir- rkli. Fiirewcll Visit III PtillCl—H LuuibC. Hoard of KtlucatioM, member of the I,ey;islalive Council offanaJa, represont- ative for a limo in the Ontario Assomhl), first President ^^i tlie Dominion lele^'rapli Co., director o'i various banks, railways and other concerns, as well as a founder oi Knox Church, lie had done the city valuable and zealous service. In November the new IVotestant Orphan's Home, which had cost $45,u(xi, was opened by Mayor Bosweli. Mul periiaps the most interesting; public event of the ye;«r was the farewell \isil to the city of the Marquis oi I.orne and ll.R.H. iVincess Louise, accompanied by H.R.H. Prince lieor^a-. The youthful son ^.^i the Prince <^i Wales had been loyally welcomed at Halifax, Montreal, Ottawa and other places, thouj^h his duties as Midshipman on board II. .M.S. Canada prexented a prolonj^^ed tour such as his father had made over twenty years before. It is unnecessary tii say that the distinguished parly was well received when it reached Toronto on Sept. 12th. Lord i.orne had won wide popular appreciation by his discriminating and at the same time enthusiastic patrona^'e oi C'anadi.iii Art and Literature, as well as by his warm admi- ration for the Dominion and its wonderful resources. In 18S0, he hail founded the Royal Canadian Academy of .Art and two years later the Royal Society oi Canada. Some of Toronto's best known literary men were members of the latter body, while the Royal .Academy of .Art, oi which Mr. L. R. O'Brien was for many years President, had met in the Queen City earlier in the year and been opened by the Ciovernor-Cieneral in person. Both organizations have since done excellent service in their respective lines of work. Aside therefore from the presence of two members of the Royal family. Lord Lome was assured of a loyal welcome. -A g'uard of honor from the Royal Cirenadiers met tliem at the station, toi^ether uiih a large number of local dignitaries. Inuring the day numerous public institutions were visited, and m\ the succeeding day the l-^xhibition was formally opened by the Governor- ("leneral and an address presented to him and the Princess. .Archways, decor- ations, tlie presence of the military, and a tremendous crowd of people cheering under the shadow of their umbrellas in front of the grand stand, did all that was possible to make amends for a perfect down-pour of rain which marked the occasion. Nevertheless, the Kxhibition was a greater success than e\er, and the reception to the visitors one which they must have appreciated. Judging by the admiration which Lord Lome afterwards expressed regarding Toronto and which found notable form in the following extract from a speech delivered in Birmingham, I-lngland, he nuist have emjoyed his visits to the city. " Toronto is one of the iiiojt prosperous of the younp; cities nf the Continent. It has 100,000 people, is beconiintj the centre of a mpidly extending net-work of railways, and has an importance already great, and which imist become far greater in the future. Only eighty years ago, it was reclaimed from the |)rimavai woods, stt it is already as strong in poinilation as some of the small l'",uropean States, and is sendin.j out its multitudes u'lnually to people the I'ar-West. The people are essentially British in character, having an intense pride in the successes which have hitherto crowned their efforts and h'essed their Province." Their Kxcellencies left the [dominion shortly after this visit, and were succeeded by the Marquis and Marchioness of Lansdowr.e, whilst Prince Ceorge pro- ceeded to rejoin his ship. ^J/ITII theadven llll oS. the lifliet 1 1 century. Ion town into a great n national in extent ai to rule parties, conti tratlic and travelLM> Republic, while th» business into touch distant Orient, Its and perhaps excel tl by year increasing i Hence the impi to July 5th, 18.S4. o'( this great civic ( witii him, ai\d togi Canada's history, pal and historical e\ Hags and streamers merr\' music souiuli week was ushered in all seemed to grow, to be in the street: tip and were present tableaux passed, th appeared to sweep 1 of history. Clearin time of Bouchette, settlers and their 1 eriior Simcoe, the n all exhibited in a m of .Agriculture," as beautifid and repres very fully in the pre o'clock, where spec rich, Dr. Daniel W Dress ball at the F day was distinguish including the Gove VVelland Field Batt Foot Guards of Oi of London, the F Battalion ^'ork Rat Ontario, the 3f)th 1^ 14th Princess of success, witnessed cession of the Whe ^»n»-,„ , ».-«^»«.^,i.rfs«,^^-,.„ aa**.fc»,r?,>-*..«aifei„ -- 'ifiM,S'«-»(v SOUVENIR Nl MliER, H7 T I AlTII the iuhoiit y.^i anotlior war came preparations I'im- a littinj^ celebration III/ i>t" the liliieth anniversary \>i the city's incDrporaliiMi. Diirinf^ tiio liall- I 1 century, IDrDntu had oxpantled Irom a small, tlunijfh iinpurlant, provincial town into a j^reat metropolitan centre. It had jj^rown to command an inlluence national in extent and powerful in proportion to the ^reat men wiiom it sent out ti> rule parlies, contri>l Provinces ;ind govern the Dominion. Its railways hroii^'ht Irallic and travellers from every portion ^^i the IVo\ ince and the neij^hhorinjf Uepiiblic, while the completion oi the Canadian Pacifn: has since hrouj^ht its business into touch with all British .America aiul witli even the countries of the distant C")rient. Its wlu^lesale trade was at this time o\\ the fair way to equal and perhaps excel thai i>f .Montreal, whilst its manufacturing interests were year by year increasing in strength and enterprise. Hence the importance of the Celebration which continued from June .^oth to July 3th, 1884. To ex-Mayor Wm. Barclay McMurrich much of the success of this great civic demonstration was due, but the leading citizens co-operated wilii him, and together iielped to make it the greatest afT.iir of the kind in Canada's history. The first day was devoted to the con'memoration o'i munici- pal and historical events. Amid all the glory \.-\'i bright summer weather, with Hags and streamers floating from almost every a\ailable place and the strains of merry music sounding through the air and along the streets, the Semi-Centennial week was ushered in. .\s the day advanced the crowds and music and decorations all seemed to grow, until at the hour the procession commenced the city seemed to be in the streets. The historical features of the occasion were well gotten up and were presented with a skill worthy oi the events commemorated. As the tableaux passed, the early years and great events in the life of the metropolis appeared to sweep before the eye of the thoughtful mind like a vivid panorama of history. Clearing the land In the days of Simcoe, surveying the forest in the time oi Bouchette, an Indian Wigwam of the centuries gone by, the early settlers and their log cabins upon the verge of the forest, the landing of (Jov- ernor Simcoe, the naming ol N'ork Harbor, and the first Parliament House, were all exhibited in a most realistic and artistic manner. Toronto as "the Centre of .Agriculture," as " an Educational Centre,' ;.nd as "the Queen City," were beautiful and representative tableaux. .All the municipal bodies were represented very fully in the procession, which reached the exhibition grounds at about five o'clock, where speeches were delivered by Mayor Boswell, Mr. VV. B. McMur- rich, Dr. Daniel Wilson and others. The evening celebration included a Fancy Dress ball at the Pavilion and a geiieial illumination of the city. The second day was distinguished by a Military Review in the Queen's Park of 4,000 troops, including the Crovernor-Cieneral's Body CJuard, the Toronto Field Battery, the Welland I'^ield Battery, "C" Company, Infantry School, the (lovernor-Cieneral's Foot Ciuards o'i Ottawa, the Sixtii Fusiliers of Montreal, the Seventh Fusiliers of London, the Royal CJrenadiers and Queen's Own of Toronto, the 12th Battalion Y'ork Rangers, the 13th Battalion of Hamilton, the 34th Battalion of Ontario, the 36th Battalion o'i Peel, the yylh Battalion of Wentvvorth, and the 14th Princess of Wales Rifles of Kingston. The review was a brilliant success, witnessed by many thousands. The annual meeting, games and pro- cession of the Wheelman's Association was also on an unet ualled scale so far as Tlif Scml- Si'iiti'iiiiial. I'KI ' -5i*l-^**-iS?' ■r' ■ '-^^ ^, I 88 HOARD OF TRADE KING STREET N hlRD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUMBER. KING STREET NEAR YONGE. BOARn OF TRADE SOUIRNIR A The Semi Ceiiliuuial. Visit ot Lord I.ansdowiie. the Dominion is concerned. In the evenin- a promenade concert and maonifi- cent tire works at the Horticultural Gardens were patronized by thousands.' On the third day, the greatest " Trades and Industrial Procession " in the history of Toronto took place and most accurately depicted the tremendous ffrowth oi the city's industries, and its trade development durinjr the lift^ years since incorporation. It was nearly two miles in length and occupied hour in passing anv given point. At night, a splendid rendition of an -. the Creation " was given in the Pavilion by the Choral Society, which numbered nearly 300 voices. Thursday following was the " United Empire Lovalists Day" and right nobly did the descendants of Toronto's founders, or of the early settlers in the backwoods o( Upper Canada, commemorate their ancestors' heroism in leaving country, home and property for the sake of lovaltv to their principles and allegiance. In their case, the day was the 100th anniversary of the settlement of the Province as well as the occasion for a civic demonstration. Dr. Canniff occupied the Chair at the tJardens and the speakers were Hon. G. W. .Allan, Lieut.-Col. G. T. Denison, Rev. Leroy Hooker and Chief Green of the Bay of Quinte Reserve. In the afternoon a reception was given the visitors at Government House. At night the display of fireworks on the bay drew a phenomenal number of boats from their hiding places and an enormous crowd trom their homes. Meantime the city illuminations were splendid and the attendance at the Philharmonic Society's rendering at the Pavilion of Gounod's Oratorio, "The Redemption. ' wa > unprecedented. The fifth day was alnust a blank owing to the rain, but on liaturuay, though the same trouble intervened, the display was better than had been expected. The School-Children's parade showed 6,000 girls and boys in line, all neatly and tastefully dressed, and presented a picture unique in its charm and pleasantness. A drill competition between Uniformed Societies in the Exhibition grounds, and a children's concert in the evening, with some six hundred voices, concluded what was reallv a great celebration and a successful demonstration of Toronto's ability to carry out an arduous and diOicult, but most satisfactory undertaking. ^ T^ -R- * * Dl'RIXG the preceding year \'orkville had been incorporated with Toronto i St. Paul's Ward, and it was very appropriate that during the celebratit of its half century as a corporation, Hrockton and Riverside should ha' as ■poration, Hrockton and Riverside should have also come into the city. The former became St. Mark's Ward and the laiter St. Mathew's. Early in January, a railway accident, one oi the most terrible in Canadian annals, had taken place. The suburban train o{ the (ireat Western running between the Union Station and the Humber collided with a freiirht train. Twenty-three persons were killed and nineteen ivouiuled, of whom eight subsequently died. A little later, Lord Eansdowne, the new (iovernor-CJeneral, visited Toronto and delivered a most able address at a dinner given h.im by the Toronto Club. One oi the similes made use oi will live long in Canadian memories. .After repudiating the old analogy of Colonies and ripe fruit falling from the tree. Lord Lansdowne went on to offer a very different comparison as befitting Imperial conditions : " I have seen in Dur Knglish forests .1 stately elm, still vigorous .tiuI majestit-, pushing out to- wards every point of the compass hut;e liml)*, some of which promise to vie in strengili and size with the |)areiit stem, shooting dowiiw the parent s-locli sturdy ijroup in Such, Lord 1 great States During gutted by fir the Hell Teh and patience lives. In a building exh thoughts bai when Mackt present time mould the o instead of me town. The Leader, have Mai/ and Eth Referenc Hon. George Mr. J. Gord Cameron. A Willison. T under the co tireless blow and it passed pher W. Bu Mr. Martin uncompromi.' assume a m^ parly friends, the special gi ager. These by Messrs. M size or quant: I'. Maclean, ] not always in Ross Roberts columns ofte undoubtedly > was bunded editorship o^ Mail Printing only useless I paper o\' the 1 'ADE SOUVENIR X UMBER 89 ihc parent sleni. OI'llK-sf. some liave Iroiii their very weiijlit touclied tlu' eailli and taken root there, Visit of Lord , . , ,■,.,, ' .-. I^ansdowne. >hootni^ downward into the soil and upward toward the sUy, and drawinj; sap ard vigor, partly from the pannt slock, paitly from the larlh lieneath, urtil at last the old tree has become the centre of a -turdy 1,'roiip in which eacli menilier iie!|>s to siulter and support the x\:<\.." Siicli, Lord Lanstiowiie thoui^-ht, was the situation of tlie Hritisli l-inipire and its gi-eat States at the present time. Durino- the montii oi May tollowino', tiie Mail huilding o\\ Kint^f Street was .^[■iitted by lire, and a number oF yoiinij- women engajj^ed in the upper storey by tlie Hell Telephone Co., narrowly escaped deatli. Only their presence of mind and patience in waitinij for aid upon a narrow window ledi^e preserved their lives. In a short time the injuries done by the Hames were repaired and the buildino- exhibited its usual handsome appearance. This incident carries our tluniohts back to the proi^ress made by the Toronto press, from the days when Mackenzie printed his erratic little missive oi destruction down to the present time, when the great daily papers of the city issue every morning- to mould the opinions of a province and to a certain extent of the Dominioni instead of merely controllino- the ideas ^^i a limited circle of readers in a small town. The Colonial Advocalv and Palriot, the Colon/sl, the E\a>nif/cr und the Leader, have been superseded by metropolitan newspapers such as the Glolw, Mail and Empire. Reference has alreadv been made to the Globe when in control ot the late The Pressof , , , , ■ . Toronto. lion. Cieorge Brown. After his death it was under the editorial management ot Mr. J. (lordon Hrovvn, who was succeeded within a few years by Mr. John Cameron. A couple of years since, it passed under the able editorship of Mr. J. S. Willison. The Mail was started in 1872 as a Conservative newspaper, and under the control of Mr. T. C. I'atteson, for some vears dealt vigorous and tireless blows at the Liberal party. In 1877, however, financial trouble arose and it passed into the hands of the Riordans of St. Catharines and Mr. Christo- pher W. Bunting became Managing-Director of the new Mail Printing Co. Mr. Martin j. CiriHin was for some years editor-in-chief and the paper was uncompromisingly Conservative in advocacy until events in 1886 led it to assume a more or less hostile and independent attitude towards its old-time parly friends. The consequence was that in 1887, the Empire was founded as the special guardian of the party principles with Mr. David Creighton as Man- ager. These are the " big dailies," but the World, which was started in 1880 by Messrs. Maclean and Horton, runs them close in enterprise, though not in size or quantity of reading matter. It I.: now controlled and edited by Mr. W. V . Maclean, M.P. The evening papers exercise considerable influence, though not always in a desirable direction. The Telegram, founded in 1876 by Mr. J. Ross Robertson, h.-is had great financial success, but the personalities which its columns often co'V. :"n are not admired by a large class of citizens, though undoubtedly clever in coirposition and expression. 'X\\\ I il 99RB ^^^^^^S 90 BOARD OF TRADE SO\ FRONT STREET LOOKING W D OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUMBER REET LOOKING WEST FROM CHURCH. BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUMBR The Trtss dl Toronto. The Con- spiracy Cas HonoriiiH ^iir Oliver Mowat Sociolios have organs reprcsentalivo oi their sentiments and principles. The importance ^^i. these newspapers in iiunildino- liistory is j^reater tlian a super- ficial observer is \villinj,Mo admit. Ill later days this statement applies more accurately than in earlier times, thouj^jh the inlluence exerted was even then very >,>-reat. I'or some time past indeed, the press of Toronto has exerted a power through its dissemination of political, educational and national views which is only limited by the boundaries of the Dominion, and not always by them. Hence the importance of Toronto papers, in considering^- the factors which have contributed to the Oueen City's metropolitan position. 8i';\'KR.\L Torontonians were honored in different ways durini;- 1.S.S4. The \\^>\\. John Hawkins Has^arty became Chief Justice of Ontario in succession to the late Chief Justice Spraj^i^e; Hon. .Adam Wilson became Chief Justice oi the Queens Hench Division ; and Senator D. L. Macpherson was made a Kni>;ht Commander of St. Michael and St. Cieori;e by Her Majestv ihe Queen. .\ii interesting^ but peculiar occurrence was the chais^e made by the Premier of Ontario, upon the floor of the Legislature, against Messrs. C. \V. Hunting, J. A. Wilkinson, Edward Meek and F. S. Kirkiand, o'i having entered into a con- spiracy to accomplish the defeat of the Government by corrupting members of the House to vote with the Opposition. After considerable discussion and a great deal of political excitement and controversy in Toronto and throughout the Province, a Commission of liuiuiry was finally issued, and presented a Report at the subsequent session o'i the Legislature in which two of the Commissioners declared the cliargts proven and the third refrained from expressing an opinion. No action was taken by the House, and a trial of the accused before Chief Justice Wilson in March, 18S3, resulted in their acquittal. The whole afl'air was the product of a narrow Government majority from the previous elections, lead- ing to hopes of detaching a few members and thus overthrowing the Ministry. As. however, it was clearly shown that the Members appr(.>ached had encouraged the advances with the aim oi betraying confidence and making party capital, it was perhaps as well that the Legislature took no further notice of this little game of diamond cut diamond. The sixth annual Industrial Exhibition was opened by Lieut. -Governor John Beverley Robinson o\\ September loth, and was attended with a marked measure of success. On the i6th of the same month, one of thosj demonstrations took place for which 1884 became so remarkable, it was the apotheosis ot a successful political career. Hon, Mr. Mowat had just returned from England where he had been pleading before the Privy Council in connection with the celebrated Boundary dispute. His party considered that the successes he had won upon this and other occasions before the same Tribunal were very great, and deserved public recognition. Hence the great Provincial reception which was promptly organized for him. .A procession of over 5,000 persons formed in line when he had reached Toronto upon the morning train, and thus escorted he proceeded up the principal streets and through dense crowds to the Queen's Park, where addresses from Reform Associations all over Ontario were presented and a few speeches made. In the evening a grand banquet was given at the Granite Rink. Hon. lulward Blak Ontario, and o\\ h other leaders of ll Annual Congress o School House, witi' for discussion of i Anglicans of the i co-operation the a really national line? lee of .\rchbishop I given by His Grace were the Lieutenan O'Brien of Halifax, McCarthy, M.P. But the event ( the 17th and j8th c July were cast into Baiu|uet in honor celebrating his for which he had helpe just been decorated decided to give bin that end a Convent ments in hand wen were not partisans day appointed had chosen in every p; tickets for the Ban large enough to ac city. It was decic Mr. Alexander M;i Convention. Win had been appointee was tremendous, a D'Alton McCarthy of the Ontario Opi an eloquent accej appointed and thei the Province they \ West. .About two such a gathering, and national leadt as the voice of th^ historical, it contai " The Empir our Empress-Que prize. so U I F.NIR NU. MHER. 9' lion. I'AlwartI MiaUe picsidccl, havinij on his riirht hand Mr. Mowat, I'lvmicr of ",'?""""«*''; , , . Oliver Mow«t. Ontario, and on his icll iMr. Mercier, Premier of Ijuebec, tog'clher witii many i>ther leader.s of the party. On the i4tii of October following, the Second Annual Congress of the Church of I'-ngland in Canada was opened in St. James' School House, with the object i>i bringing together the niembers of the Church for discussion i^i important matters onnected with its welfare. The leading Anglicans \.>'i the city and Province took part, and thus presaged by their co-operation the all-important re-organization y.'^'i the (.'lunch in Canada upon really national lines, nine years afterwards, liarly in December, the silver jubi- lee of Archbishop Lynch was celebrated in Toronto, winding up with a banquet given by His (iiace at the Rossin House to some 2^0 guesis. Amongst them were the Lieutenant-Governor, Archbishop Taschereau of Quebec, Archbishop O'Brien of Halifax, Archbishop Ryan k:*^ Philadelphia, Mayor Boswell and D'Alton McCarthy, M.P. Hut the event of the year, so far as the Oueen Citv was concerned, marked iiaiicim-ttiiig tiie 17th and 18th days of December. l"-ven the Civic celebrations of June and Mat-iialcl. " l^ritish stiitcsmon havo reco^'ni/od your ijLMiiiis and have extended to you lliat fraternal recojjnition and friendsliip wliicli will link your memory with theirs in the splendid traditions ol" public life. "The Pominion of Canada has appreciated your statesmanship and has bestowed on you the hitjhest s^ift in its possession the ri^'ht to control its fortunes. "The Provinces oi the I'nii^n have approved t>f your policy, and have sent their best leaders to support you, with the majority of their followers. "The individual citizen has recognized in you one whose interest in even personal rights has not been lessened by the continual contemplation of national problems." Such were the views o( this great Convention as formally placed on record, and, as Sir John Macdonald lived in Toronto for several years, and was person- ally admired and liked by every man who ever came in contact with him, besides being supported through many elections by a majority o\' its citizens, an epitome of local historv would be incomplete without this reference to the career ol so great a Canadian. The Premier's reply was characteristic and retrospective, historical, valuable and deeply interesting. .\t its conclusion various resolutions were passed, and a Liberal-Conservative I'nion for Ontario was formed, which still remains, with its headquarters in Toronto, as a powerful political factor in the Province. Rousing speeches were delivered by Sir Leonard Tilley. Sir Hector l.angevin, lion. .\. P. Caron, and others, and the Convention then adjourned. The Banquet in the evening was perhaps unequalled in the history of political demonstrations in Canada. Most of the party leaders were present, amongst them being that veteran of long past conflicts, Hon. \Vm. C ayley, ol Toronto. Mavor .\. R. Hoswell occupied the chair, and was in receipt oi telegrams from all parts of the Dominion congratulating the chieftain. The speeches of the evening were eloquent and attractive, but oi course the interest centred in the words of the veteran statesman. ( )ne portion of his remarks was especiailv noteworthv,-that in which the author of the famous phrase of a later dav " \ British subject I was born, a British subject 1 will die, "-gave his definition oi that much-abused word. " loyally.- In Toronto, the early history oi- which is permeated wiili the idea embodied, the following slatemenl was ot great interest : — . . " 1 believe that the sentiment of loyalty and the sentiment ot patriotism are both requisite in order to make any country a great country. 1 do not believe in that universal Christian charity which makes a man love foreign nations better than his own. I believe that even under a cloud of misfortune loyalty and allegiance should be the ruling principle in every honest heart. 1 believe, as was bdieved in the time of the early Cavaliers, that '• ' LDvally is ^till tlic saim-, \\ hc'ther il win or lose llio Ljainc, 'liiK' as llic dial Ki the sun, AUhiiugli il lie not sbini'il npun.' '' shades of Simcoe and of Brock ; of Tecumseh and Macdonnell ; of .\nd the the I ■837, the loyalists of Revolutionary days; of the War of .8,3, the Rebellion of ,8-;7 ^or the Fenian Raids of .806. pi-oved that so far as Canada was concerned the sentiment exi honor oi' the Pn accompanying b; had served to pr Duri.ig this mer by their receptioi and commercial < and political povv 1'", however, tl centre, the m enthusiastic elected Mayor, Oliver Mowat in torial and legish Bv this means h on the City of fitting terms to presented on \e ing citizens, ant in February, lu ford on the Para 3 miles ,^30 yar event of the ye Riel rebellion i sojourning in th House of Com Saskatchewan t certain alleged Dryden's Zimri .\fler he had be in March, 1885, ment formed, s River district ii o( course elect character, beet their authority, month, the ca throughout Ca Middle ton left Provinces. Tl Satui'day inori Oueen's Own «<.% E SOUVENIR NUMBER '•)l iho sontiiiK'nl exists in ii siyoious aiul cnduriiijj torin. IIk' (.lemonstration in """.'•"'"'"k '^ '^ Sir John honor oi tlio Premier at the I'rovincial capilal ondcil willi this speecli and the Mn'^""-'!"' acconipanyiii}^- baiK|iiet. And aside from all parlizan considerations, its success liad served to prove the place of Toronto as the political metropolis of Ontario. Hiirin^'- this memorable year, indeed, the people f^i the (Jueen t'ity had shown, hy their receptions to Oliver Mowat ami Sir John A. Macdonald, how a railway and commercial centre may also become the converj^'ing point oi party interests ami political power throuL;hoiit a ^reat i'rovince. I-', however, the year 1SH4 had exhibited 'li>ri>nto favorably as a political centre, the months o'i the siicceetlin^' period wore destineil to demotistrate the enthusiastic patriotism of its citizens. In January, Mr. Alex. Mannini;' was elected Mayor, and an Address was presented by the City Council to \\<:\n. Oliver Mowat in recof^nitioii of what it termed his spirited defence of the terri- torial and leijislative powers of the I'rovince before the Imperial Pri\y Council. Hy this means he had conferred jjreat benefits upon Ontario and consequently ^M\ the City of Toronto as its capital. The Address, which also referred in fittin}^ terms to the Premier's former membership of the Corporation, was presented on \ew-^'ear^s Day in the City Hall, amid a lar^e concourse o'i lead- ing citizens, and elicited a long and reminiscent reply from Mr. Mowat. I'^arlv in February, l^dward Hanlan gained another victory, this time defeating Clif- ford on the Paramatta River, in .\ustralia, and winning $2,500, the distance being 3 miles 330 yards, and the time, ji minutes 4 seconds. Hut the great central event oi the year and one which stirred Toronto to its \ery depths, was the Riel rebellion in the North-West. In June, 1.SS4, Louis Kiel who had been sojourning in the Ignited States since his last wild attempt to taUe a seat in the House of Commons at Ottawa, had been sent tor by the Half-Breeds of the Saskatchewan to come and assume their leadership and attempt the redress of certain .alleged grievances. This the agitator was only too glad to ^o. Like Dryden's Zimri, he " \Yas everythinj; by '■i.iiis ;inn of Monday, the Queen's Own Regiment under Lieut. -'Jol. Miller, the Royal Cirenadiers under Kilt sl.if.t Ki'licllioli. Hi 1 MI ■ II i % Vi <9 //, A> '" C^x V !«»Wj<^ '^:^>-^:^, .'f ... INLAND RKVlilNUli; BUILDING. (THE OLD POST OFFICE.' aS^B RD OF TRADE SOUVENIR A'CVBER. forces ; and exceptional consideration b> tiie commanding General as to the ||i,';;^';,'i»,;' wav in which he handled his men. Over three thousand troops had been trans- ported from 1,800 to 2,500 miles, within a month of the breakinj,^ out of the rebellion, and during- the same time about 1,500 men had been placed in the field from Manitoba and the North-West. General Middleton did not go into the campaign for glory or it might have been closed sooner at a greater expense to life and limb. Bui he did enter upon it with the intention of averting bloodshed at every possible point, and nearly all who participated whether as soldier or olficer seem to agree that he succeeded to a wonderful extent. Hence the general approval which followed upon the Kniglithood of Hon. .Adolphe P. Caron and Major-General .Middleton with the rank of K.C.M.G., a tittle later in the year. Still the losses in the field, and exclusive of casualties on the line of marcii or from disease, were sutlicient to cause much sorrow throughout the country. The death of gallant Col. Williams, M.P., of Port Jiope, was especially calculated to arouse the deep regret which was universally felt over so abrupt a termination to an honorable, popular and noble life. But thoughts of trouble and individual loss were all banished when Toronto woke up on the morning ot luly 2;^rd, to welcome its returning heroes home. Amid a blaze of bunting, and crowds unequalled in the city's history ; under triumphal arches put up in every direction, and through a continuous ovation of cheers ; the Queen's Own, Roval tirenadiers and Governor-General's Body (iuard were received at North Toronto station, presented with addresses by Mayor Manning and passed down N'onge Street to the City Hall. The scene was simply indescribable. .\ dense, shouting, and cheering mass of excited people ; waving handkerchiefs ; showers of bouquets, fluttering flags and streamers, and beautiful decorations, combined to present a spectacle such as Toronto had never dreamt of before. On the open space in front of tiie Civic buildings, the sun-burnt troops were welcomed by a gathering of nearly all the prominent men in the city headed by the Lieut. -Governor, and by patriotic songs from a multitude of school-children placed upon platforms erected for the purpose. The V'ork Rangers, the Midland Battalion, the Quebec Wiltigeurs, and the Halifax Provisional Batta- lion were all received with unbounded enthusiasm by the Queen City at the different dates upon which they arrived, and passed through. It was indeed a week which can never be forgotten by those who participated in its events or witnessed the outburst of patriotic sentiment and personal aft'ection for Canada's home born soldiers. .And, as was the case in Toronto so it appeared elsewhere. The combination of troops from nearly every Province of the Dominion in a campaign against rebellion fomented by a vain and silly demagogue did more in a few months to cement the people of the Dominion in a bond of national unity than fifty years of peaceful progress could have done. .And of those who died in fighting for their country upon the low and dista. prairies on the banks of the Saskatchewan, Toronto says, with Canada at large : " Lay llicm wlicrc ihcy louj^hl ;inry they have l)rt)uj;ht us.'' r^ BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUA KieVhInst Kebfllidii. I'he second part of this national drama was somewhat prolonged, and included the trial of Louis Riel at Roj^ina, in July ; his sentence to death by hanging, followed by passionate remonstrances from tjuebec ; vijjorous protests from Messrs. Hlake, I.aurier, Mercier and other leaders against the carrying out oi the sentence ; appeals to higher Courts, and finally his execution on the ibth of November. Kiglit of the Indians convicted of murders at Frog Lake and elsewhere were also executed, and many half-breeds were given various terms of imprisonment. The third part was political in its nature and did not reach a culminating point until the succeeding year when Mr. Landry moved in the House of Commons, on March nth: "That this House feels it its duty to express its deep regret that the sentence of death passed upon Louis Riel, con- victed of high treason was allowed to be carried into execution." The Govern- ment of Canada was really on its trial, and the French-Canadian Ministers had taken their political lives in their hands when they accepted the intense odium which fell to them in Quebec, and approved the rebel's execution. The result of an exciting debate was a triumph for the Conservative Ministry in spite of manv Lower Province defections. The Debate was remarkable for two great speeches, one by Mr. Hlake in defence of Riel, the other by Hon. John S. D. Thompson, who in iScS5 had become Minister of Justice. This magnificent oratorical effort oi the future Premier of Canada brought him into immediate and deserved prominence and placed him at once amongst the two or three great debaters in the Commons of Canada. Needless to say, Toronto and Toronto newspapers were much stirred up over the whole discussion, and the defenders of Riel whether on the ground of nationality or insanity were unspar- ingly condemned by public opinion. The General Elections, however, which follow od settled the question definitely. Central I'risoii !uvt'?ligati(iti. E.ANTIME, other interesting though minor events were transpiring. The lengthv discussion regarding the Liquor License Act of 1883 the McCarthy .\ct -had been closed by the Imperial Privy Council's decision against the Dominion and in favor of the Provincial authorities. Lieut. -Col. F. C. Denison, of Toronto, who had commanded the Canadian Wiyageurs' Contingent in the Soudan War, returned home with a number of his men, bringing the warmly expressed appreciation of Lord Wolseley ; Imperial war medals for the volun- teers, and a C.M.G. for himself. Serious charges were brought against Mr. Massie, Warden of the Central Prison, during the Session of the Legislature, and excited considerable current discussion, but a Committee subsequently appointed dismissed the charges after investigation, though they recommended certain reforms. During this year, as in the preceding one, the leading subject of consideration in educational circles was that of University Contoderation. Much was said but little done, though the utterances o( Dr. Daniel Wilson, of Toronto I'niversity, Rev. Dr. Nelles, of Victoria, Very Rev. L^r. Grant, of Kingston, and the elaborate Minute of the Hoard of Trinity College, Toronto, were valuable contributions to the discussion. Toronto lost several well-known citizens about this time. Hon. Adam Crooks, LL.D., Q.C., who had been such a considerable figure in Provincial politics, passed away in enforced retirement. He had represei Toronto divisior had exercised ;i Toronto lost a c with Mackenzie Hon. (Sir) Fra Ciirran Morrisoi notable man. t lawyer and Judj and was person greatly missed. On Domini( of the city occui building now k stones were foi Clarke Wallace, great fire occuri ings and cause More pleasing i on his return frc Club on Angus Parliamentary ] railway station congratulated u popularity whic enterprise. An had fallen slioul and genuine ser most serious cri THE year foil was calm ; rest of Cai with a municip seemed to have ; in the Mayoralt but was re-elect temperance and to forward that policy so that he local occurrence ing $1,273, 'I'l*-' ment from the M.P., and otht During the mc Meeting in Ton ^ DE SOUVENIR NUMBER 97 He had represented West Toronto in tlu I.eyislatme lor one term, and contestcdf^""'","'",''"" I _ f' Investigation. Toronto divisions inisiiccessfiilly upon two occasions ; and for many years he had exorcised a wide influence as Minister of ICducation. In James l.esslie, Toronto lost a citizen whi> had been a member K^i its lirst Civic Council ; a rebel with Mackenzie; and for ten years publisiier of the Examhicr in succession to Hon. (Sir) Francis Hincks. who also died durinjj the year. Hon. Jt>seph Ciirran Morrison, who joined the ^reat majority in December, was a still more notable man. As member of the Lej^islature, Minister of the Crown, politician, lawyer and Judge, he had been for lifty years connected with the life of Toronto and was personally so warm-hearted and i^enial as to be widely popular and greatly missed. On Dominion Day an event oi marked importance to the strong Orange body i>f the city occurred in the foundation ceremonies connected with the handsome building now known as N'icloria Hall on Queen Street ICast. I'"our corner stones were formally laid by M. \V. Hro. \V. ]. Parkhill and R. W. Hros. N. Clarke Wallace, W. Johnson and H. .A. L. White. In the succeeding month a great fire occurred along the Esplanade which burnt a large number of build- ings and caused a loss estimated at $()oo,ooo with only $200,000 insurance. More pleasing incidents were the reception accorded to Major-General Middleton on his return from the North-West Campaign, and a Hanquet given at the Albany Club on August loth to Mr. Martin J. (IritTui of the Mail, who had become Parliamentary Librarian at Ottawa. (General Middleton was received at the railway station by the Lieut. -Governor, Mayor Manning and many citizens, and congratulated upon the success which had resulted from his command and the popularity which he had won from soldiers and civilians alike in a most difficult enterprise. .And the unfortunate error into which it was subset|uently foimd he had fallen should never be allowed by Canadians to dim in their minds the great and genuine services which Sir Frederick Middleton rendered our Dominion in a most serious crisis of its historv. THK year following the storm and stress, the struggles and successes, of 1885, Hovl■h^nll. was calm and comparatively uneventful. I'or Toronto in common with the. rest of Canada it was a season of solid and substantial progress. It opened with a municipal election of iniusual interest. .A wave of moral sentiment seemed to have swept over the city and in its progress placed Mr. W. H. Howland in the Mayoralty chair. He was afterwards unseated on a technical objection, but was re-elected in May. Mr. Howland was, and is a vigorous advocate of temperance and social reform and used his position with uncompromising zeal to forward that end. The majority of the people seemed to favor his first year's policy so that he was accorded the honor of a second term in 1887. An interesting local occurrence on the New Year's Day was the presentation of a purse contain- ing $1,273, 'I'l*-! 'I" appropriate address, to .Aid. Wm. Adamson upon his retire- ment from the City Council after twenty-one years service. Mr. John Small. M.P., and other prominent citizens joined in the ceremony of presentation. During the month the Canadian Manufacturers' Association held its Annual Meeting in Toronto and expressed strong views as to the necessity of continued 1 11 \ i 1 3 ;1" 11 ■r^> 98 Mayor Howlnud. HOARD OF TRADE SOI protection for Canadian industries and of deep rej^ret at the retirement of Sir Leonard Tilley from the Ministry of Finance. The Ontario Reform Club j^ave its first reception on the 28th inst., and Sir R. |. Cartvvrij,'ht, its President, received the guests, many of whom wore prominent members oi' the IJbenii party. During March considerable excitement and some rioting occurred from a disagreement between tlie Street Railway and its employes. The main cause 01 ei o cr H' KING STREET NE. I f of the trouble was the Company's refusal to employ Knights of Labor. Trallic was temporarily suspended on some of the streets, but in the course of a few days the dispute was amicably settled. A notable incident was the presentation to Hon. Alex. Morris, on March 17th, of an illuminated address by the Conser- vative members of the Legislative Assembly upon the 20th anniversary of his entrance into public life. For a number of years Mr. Morris had been a valued resident of Toronto, and aside altogether from political opinion, the tribute to an wi Tc pa da wi Gc i^^~~s^sssasr y OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUMBER. irement of Sir orm Club g'.ive , its I'rcsidciU, of the Liberal :curred from a 'lie main cause old and most patriotic citizen of the Dominion was one which could be heartily ""y-,,,, endorsed. On May 12th the Queen's Own, the Cirenadiers and " C" Company of Inlantry were presented bv Ladv Middleton in the presence ot an immense crowd with the medals for the North-West Campaign, which they had so gallantly won and so thoroughly earned. A little later, the Governor-General's Hodv C.uards were presented with theirs by Mrs. John Beverley Robinson, the charming and popular hostess o'i Government House. The first of June ' KING STREET NEAR YORK. ,abor. TralVic :ourse of a few le presentation by the Conser- livorsary of his been a valued le tribute to an witnessed the Annual Meeting oi the Grand Orange Lodge of H. N. .A. in Toronto. A strong resolution against Mr. Gladstones Home Rule Bill was passed and Mr. W. J. Parkhill, M.P. P., was re-elected Grand Master. .A few days afterwards Mr. John Abell opened liis important machine and boiler works with a banquet at which Mayor Howland presided, assisted by the Lieut. - Governor, the Hon. O. Mowat and others. During the year Toronto, in common with other parts of the country also BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NU. Mayur llowlfltiil. Musk h1 He-^tival. distinguished itsell' by a splendid showinjjf ;it tlic j^reat Indian and Colonial Exhibition in Li>ndon. The variety and the number of the medals and diplomas won by the Oucen City proved the excellence of its exhibits, as the j^encral presentation oi the interests and resources o'i the Hominion vindicated all claims made regardin^^ the magnitude of its public works, its territorial immensity and splendor of resources. But, perhaps, the central event o^ this period in Toronto was the Musical Festival inauf^urated by Mr. I''. H. 'I'orrini^ton. The Queen City has always been noted for its keen musical taste and the popular appreciation for all hif^h class performances and performers, as shown in a constant though discri- minating patronage. The sale of tickets for Jenny Liiul's famous concert here in 1H53, and the crush to obtain seats for that event, as well as later and similar struggles during visits from Piccolomini, Mario, Santley, I.ucca, Kellogg, Thalberg, Rubenstein, Camilla Urso, Remenyi, JosetTy, Neilson, .\delina I'atti and .'\lbani, will not be forgotten in forming an opinion upon Toronto's musical culture. .And .Mr. Torrington certainly judged the populartaste with considerable skill wiien he formed an .Association for the presentment of a great .Musical Festival upon the 15th, i(nh and 17th of June, 1886. Mr. Geo. Ciooderham was Hon. President. .Mr. S. Nordheimer, President, and Messrs. |. H. Houstead, J. Herbert Mason and P. Jacobi, \'ice-Presidents; but of course the head and front of activitv was .Mr. Torrington himself. The first concert opened with a chorus of 1 ,000 voices and an orchestra of 100 performers in "(lod Save the Queen," followed by Gounod's sacred trilogy " Mors et Vita." The second was a miscel- laneous concert; the third was Handel's sublime oratorio of " Israel in Hgypt," followed by an afternoon children's concert in which some 1,200 voices were heard. The interpretation and execution of the two great masterpieces men- tioned reflected more than credit upon the Musical Director, whilst the general success of the l-'estival placed Toronto at the head of the Canadian musical world. Ueaili of F. C. Capreol N the course of the year a noteworthy educational incident had occurred in the opening of a new wing to WycIifTe College the Protestant Episcopal Divinity School which was subsequently devoted to the reception of the College library. The family of the late Wm. Hume Blaiederick Middleton was present in the congregation. All the city churches held special services of a loyal character during the day, and sermons were preached which would make an interesting epitome of national opinion and Imperial growth could they have been collected and preserved. The official c ilebration, however, did not come off until the 30th of June and the 1st of July, thus combining the usual Dominion Day rejoicings with the Imperial anniversary. The first day was marked by a BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR i Tilt yiifcii's Jubilee grand procession of nearly i2,ocx3 children wearing Jubilee badges and carrying numerous flags. In the evening an united service of the Evangelical denomina- tions was held in the Metropolitan Church, which was abundantly decorated with flowers and flags. Upon the platform, amongst many others, were Lieut. - Governor Sir .Alexander Campbell, the Premier of Ontario, and Mayor How- land. It was a gathering thoroughly representative of the various interests and societies of Toronto, and the whole service breathed loyalty to the Oueen and admiration for her life-work, from the choir's rendering of I")r. Bridge's magniflcent Jubilee Ode to the various eloquent and interesting addresses. .At II a.m. the next day a Procession started from the l-lxhibition Grounds, which included the city regiments, the municipal and educational bodies, the .Army and Navy N'eterans, and most of the myriad political, social, semi religious and national societies of Toronto. Patriotic addresses were given at tlie grounds bv a number of priiminent gemlemen. Mr. Cliiiiuber l.uti Visits Toronto. TOVV.ARnS the close of the year Rev. Dr. Joseph Parker, of London, visited Toronto and delivered a lecture, and o\\ Nov. 15th, the commercial heart of the citv was stirred, as it seldom is under the splendid banking system oi Canada, bv the failure of the Central Bank. X'arious causes were at flrst assigned for the unexpected disaster, but in the course of a few monchs startling revelations were made public which indicated that the Bank had been literally " wrecked." The Cashier, .A. .A. .Allan, and several oi the Directors fled to the States, and after a prolonged liquidation, its afl'airs were wound up at the expense of several private fortunes, much serious loss to shareholders under the double liabilitv clause, and an inconvenience to depositors which was equivalent to loss, and even bankruptcy in many cases. On December 31st, Toronto was honored by a visit from one of Hngland's most representative and brilliant statesmen — the Right Hon. Joseoh Chamberlain, M.P. The great Radical leader had been acting as British Commis>ioner at Washington together with the Minister at that Capital, Sir Lionel Sackville-West, Sir Charles Tupper and the Hon. J. S. D. Thompson, in an effort to negotiate a Fisheries Treaty between the I'niled States and Great Britain. Though the Senate subsequently refused to ratify it. an arrangement had been made which even President Cleveland declared mutually fair and satisfactory. .And ow his way home. Mr. Chamberlain passed through a part oi Canada, staying while in Toronto at Chestnut Park, the home of Sir David Macpherson. .A great banquet was given him at the Rossin House, on the last day of the year, by a representative gathering of Toronto's leading citizens. .Amongst the guests were Mr. W. C. Van-Horne, Hon. A. M. Ross, Provincial Treasurer, Lieut. -Col. G. T. Denison, Hon. Oliver Mowat, Hon. G. VV. Ross. Minister of Education and Sir D. L. Macpherson. Mr. Chamberlain's speech contained nearly all the elements of a great oration. It was delivered at an important moment in the history of three nations and before an important gathering, whilst its language was choice, its statements cautious and yet clear and its eloquence undoubted. The following sentences are in part interesting and in part extremely important : " I am very glad to have the honor of meeting so many of the prominent representatives of that activity an( Dominion ; commercial of Great B she is boui whelming \ we will not confided to great Cont\ democracy You have a the federat federation i of the dist Toronto th o'i the Briti Three Edward F. the well-kt Clarke by i who was ' during a fo more ardui sor of civic administrai Toronto h^ of human course thei Mayor's le; scale--and interests ol Clarke wa McMillan, despite a p A. Macdor tinned poli Legislatur( Toronto's Durin from sever sary aid. the shareh had seen ii On the Sc G.C.B., P Lord Lan* tributarv I 'RADE SOUVENIR NUMBER. lOI aclivitv and enterprise which have done so much for the prosperity of the J^r- V,'-'"''-',"''*''^' ' f I J Inii, Visits Dominion and which iiave made the Queen City of Canada a great centre of "■""ronto. commercial Hfe and enterprise 1 am here as tlie representative of (ireat Britain, acting" on behalf of lier Colony of Canada whose interests she is hound in honor to defend. One o^ our poets has written o\' the over- whelming burdens of this vast Empire. The burdens are vast it is true, but we will not lessen tliem by cowardly surrender or a mean betrayal ol interests confided to our care. Relief must be found in widening the foundations of the great Confederation, not in cutting away the outposts. The interest ol true democracy is not towards anarchy or disintegration of the Kmpire V'ou have a portion in the great path that is before us and it may yet be that the federation of Canada will prove the lamp to light our way towards the federation oi the British l""mpire." Such were some of the memorable utterances of the distinguished Radical leader upon this occasion. \'ery fittingly for Toronto the year died with a speech which boded ill for those wlio. in any part of the British realm, hoped to disturb loyalty or effect separation. Three candidates entered the race for the Mayoralty in January, i8SS, Mr. Edward F. Clarko, M.I^. P., proprietor of the Orange Sentinel, .Mr. Klias Rogers, the well-known coal-merchant and Mr. D. M. Defoe. The election of Mr. Clarke by nearly a thousand in majority placed at the head of Civic affairs one who was worthy of the position and destined to distinguish himself greatly during a foi-r years' administration of an oilice which was constantly growing more arduous and important, l-'rom a mere President of the Council, a dispen- sor of civic charity, and a mimicipal figure-head, the Mayor was now the real administrator of the city's affairs and ruler of its people. And it was well that Toronto had a Chief Magistrate of exceptional abilit\', probity and knowledge of human nature during these years of " boom " and ceaseless expansion. Of coiu-se there were times, and very important ones, when the Council refused ihe Mayor's lead or advice, as in the case of local improvements upon too large a scale-and the city suffered accordingly. But when he was given power, the interests of Toronto were never better car i for and advanced, in 1889, Mr. Clarke was re-elected .Mayor by acclamation ; in 1890, he defeated Mr. John McMillan, a prominent Orangeman, by 10,326 votes to 8,422; and in 1891, despite a popular prejudice against four terms consecutively, he defeated Mr. H. .'\. Macdonald, by i, 100 of a majority. Such a record, c. upled with the con- tinued political confidence of the electorate who returned him twice to the Local Legislature, proves Mr. Clarke to have possessed the respect and esteem o( Toronto's citizens in a most remarkable degree. During January, the Federal Bank of Canada, which had previously suffered j.oni r.ans- from severe losses, decided to wind up its affairs, other banks giving the "cces- '„°Y)"visiu'*'^'^ sary aid. No loss was suffered by depositors and note-holders, and but little by the shareholders. The ninth of February was one of the coldest days Toronto had seen in fifteen years, the thermometer registering \b degrees below zero. On the same day it was officially announced that Lord Stanley of Preston, Ci.C.B., P.C., had been appointed Governor-General of Canada in succession to Lord Lansdowne who had been elevated to the vice-royal throne of the greatest tributary l^mpire in the world India. Three months later, on the 7th of May, Is l!i| ihi f^U / ^ ■■^ BOARD OF 2 HADE SOUVENIR NUA. L,ur visitors were present upon one occasion — a larger number than any Exhibition in the Province had yet obtained and it was more successful financially than during any previous season. In October, the citizens were shocked to hear of the death of Hon. James Patton, Q.C., LL.D., Collector of Customs. The circumstances were unusually sad, the old gentleman being found dead in his ollice. He was one of the few survivors of pro-Confederation Ministries, and though long retired from politics had wom popular esteem in other directions. On the first of the succeeding month, W. A. Foster, Q,C., a man of brilliant abilities and with apparently exceptional possibilities of future political and legal eminence, passed away, widely regretted and at a most untimely age. During October, a large number of missionaries had been despatched from various religious bodies in Toronto, to China and India, the Salvation Army alone sending a contingent of twenty. Largely attended meetings were held to say farewell. Towards the close of the year the rowing championship of the world was brought back to Canada and Toronto, by the victory of Wm. O'Connor at Washington over Teemer ; and, as if to mark the contrast between past and present, three days afterwards —November 27th — Beach defeated Hanlan on the Paramatta River in Australia for the fourth time and with comparative ease. The progress of Toronto in population was illustrated on the 12th December following by a special enumeration, ordered by the civic authorities, which showed it to contain 166,809 people, or an increase of 70,000 in less than eight years. During the first few days of i88g the Governor-General and Lady Stanley paid a second visit to Toronto, marked on this occasion by one of those great banquets which the City Board of Trade knew so well how to arrange and carry to a successful issue. A reception was given by Their Excellencies on the 2nd of January in the Legislative Chambers, which was attended by hundreds of more or less prominent people, and in the evening Lord Stanley received an Address from the Victoria Club in its handsome new building on Huron Street, to which he replied in suitable terms. A most successful ball and social func- tion followed. But the great event of the visit was the Board of Trade Dinner, held in the Horticultural Pavilion on the night of the 4th, and attended by hun- dreds of Toronto's most representative and leading men, in commerce, politics and wealth. The great pavilion was gay with flags, and the galleries bright Troiiblf Willi the stiiteii. Deatli ol'Iloii, Jds. I'attoii. Hiiiinl of Trade naii<|iiet. , H ii I, 'i- 104 BOARD OF TRADE SO iioarii of Trade \vi(l, ladies ill t'labonile costiimcs, inckuliniJ: l.ady Stanley and Lady Macdonald, wlulst the guests' table upon the platform literally j^roaned beneath its burden of (lowers and decorations President Wilniot I). Matthews occupied the chair, with the Ciovernor-General on his rij^ht and Sir John Macdonald on his left hand. Amongst other distinguished guests were Flon. Oliver Mowat, Hon. li. 1:. Foster, M.P.. lion. (1. \V. Ross, M.P.P.. \V. C. Van Home, Senator Y. M. C. A. BUI l! Drummond of Montreal, Mayor Clarke, M.P. P., and tleneral Sir Fred. Middle- ton. The commercial interests of Toronto were represented by such men as John I. Davidson, D. R. Wilkie, VV. R. Brock, \Vm. Ince, Hugh Blain, R. W. Elliot, H. N Baird, G. M. Rose, Hon. John Macdonald, S. F. McKinnon, Flias Rogers, E. Gurney, A. M. Smith, R. Jaffray and A. B. Lee. The speeches were, of course, the great feature of the evening. Lord Stanley was pleasant. RD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUMBER. [.iidy Macdoiiald, iiealli its burden :ciipied llie cluiir, lonald on his Icll Mowal, Hon. CI. Home, Senator instructive and patriotic. General Middleton was complimentary rej,^'ird.nK:B-dofT.a.., Canadian volunteers, and conlident that they will always be found -shoulder to shoulder and side bv side," ready to " fiRht as their ancestors (ought aiul died." Hon. John Macdonald spoke for Provincial Unity, and the Minister ot Finance was eloquent as he always is. Senator Drummond referred to the friendiv admiration felt in Montreal for " the },Mand progress ol 1 oronto, and Y. M. C. A. BUILDING. bir I'Ved. Middle- |by such men as ^'h Hlain, R. W. IcKinnon, Klias The speeches [y was pleasant, Mr. Van Home dealt at length with the necessity for better Atlantic and Pacific steamship facilities. Both Sir John Macdonald and Mr. Mowat received ovations and each delivered a characteristic speech, the one filled with patriotism, and brimming over with humor, the other full of interesting reminiscences and con- taining the statement that he "would rather be Premier of Canada than President of the United States." Mf.yor Clarke spoke with pride concerning five ) I ■misasmmBam BOARD OF IRADE SOUl ENIK NL Bnnl;lu'[.^'"'''>'<='»''\^''^'^" pro},ncs.s. Sinco 1H84 the population had increased fifty per cent. ; the children alteiuliiij; scluiol luimbercd i(),aoo as compared with 10,000 in that year ; and tlie Iniildin},^ permits in tlie city were <)pulation of Toronto to about 180,000. In August the American Association for the Advancement of Science met in the Capital of Ontario, and about the same time one of those chiefly instrumental in promoting iis welfare as a centre of trans- portation and distribution interests, passed away in the person of Mr. George Laidlaw. As the successful promoter of those narrow-gauge railway lines which have done so much for Toronto, he holds a foremost place in her history. During the succeeding month Mr. Wm. Gooderh.m al>-o died, leaving many charitable memorials and evidi nces of an active and influential business career i^ohind him. On September loth the Exhibiiion was opened by the Premier, Sir John A. M and impcirtaii growth of Ti victory of Sea Toronto of tlu Reformers hel the Hon. VVil eloquent addre Hut the c McMASTER HALL. he was underta which he propc support be give in the Church o Robinson spok( severance, enerj and education, people during h cent or cloquei DE SOLI EN J R NUMBER, lo.; It.; hat nly iiie hts IVC list f a Sir Jolin A. Macdon.'ilcl, who was ablo to roti-r willi pcrt'cct truth to "the steady aiul important pro{^rcss i^i tho {;rc;il iiiulcrtakinj,'," aiul lo tin- " iiiarvclloiis ffrowth of Toronto." Tlie day previous sportin<^ circles had mourned the victory of Searle, an Australian, over O'Connor, and (lie consci|ucnt loss to Toronto of the World's Cliampionsiiip in rowinj,'. At the end i>i the month the Reformers held a f^reat meetin^^ in the I'avilion to uticome their new leader, the Hon. Wilfrid I-auritr, and had the opportunity y.'ii hcarini^f a cultured and eloquent address. Hut the chief event which marked the close o'i the year was a Jubilee celebration ^.'^'i the consecration of Dr. Strachan as the first Hisht)p of Toronto. Thousands of Churchmen demonstrated their affection for the Church of luifj- land in Canada by takinjf part in the various functions which marked the oc- casion. St. James Cathedral on the morninj^ of November 21st was crowded with the laity and larj^e numbers of the cleryy of the Province to hear a sermon from Hishop Haldwin of Ihuon, who had with him Bishop Sweat man of Toronto, Bishop Lewis of Ontario, Bishop Hamil- ton of Niaj^ara, and Bishop Courtney of far-away Nova Scotia. A Jwibilee Lun- cheon was afterwards held at Webb's restaurant and proved a great success in every particular. The Bishop of Toronto occupied the Chair, and in the course of his valuable and interesting^ speech referred to the mar\ellous proj^ress of tlie Diocese and the Church between 1839 and 1H89. Bishop Strachan had eccle- siastical char<,re of all ITpper Canada when he assumed the post of Bishop of Toronto, and there were then 75 clerjjymen in the whole Province as compared with 500 at the present day. Dr. Sweatman also spoke of the itv. Coiinaught in Toronto Tiinity University, Prof. Clark, Mr. Goldwin Smith and Mayor Clarke. Thus ended what was really a demonstration in honor of one of the founders of Toronto's greatness. And the city, as well as the Church of Kngland, had good reason to feel proud of its position at this time. The following figures of the year's progress speak for themselves : 1879. i88g. Population 73,000 180,000 Value of Assessable Property $50,000,000 $136,000,000 Revenue 1,167,000 2,561,000 Value of Corporation Property 5,500,000 11,000,000 City Debt 6,000,000 1 1,470,000 Rate of Taxation 17J0 mills. i4>{, mills. The debt up to this date had hardly been the subject of serious criticism, though in the next few years liabilities were too freely entered into for the Local Improvements characteristic of an expansive period, and in this case shared in by I'^e city under a new scheme dividing the responsibility between the rate- payers and the Corporation. The New Year opened calmly, and, so far as Toronto was concerned, remained unmarked by any great event. Senator Macdonald and J. G. Howard, the munificent donor of High Park to the city, died in February, while the burning of Toronto University, with its invaluable library and museum, was a mournful and disastrous occurrence. The scene during the fire, in the early evening of 14th February, was one which onlookers will not readily forget. It was the date of the Annual Conversazione, and had the guests arrived before the flames broke out many deaths must have resulted. As it was, the burning of the venerable-looking pile presented a vivid spectacle to the thousands who surveyed it from carriages and neighboring streets or buildings. Every effort was made to re-build it at once. The Ontario Government gave $100,000 towards the purpose, and the City Council proposed a grant, whilst private subscriptions poured in. Leading men in Kngland took up the question of restoring its library so far as was possible, and Oxford led in the generous kindness ; so that it was not very long before the Provincial University, with its blackened walls, was restored to much of its pristine splendor, and the veteran President, Dr. Wilson, enabled to temporarily rest from his enthusiastic work in its behalf. On the 29th of May H.R. H. Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught, visited Toronto for the second time. Accompanied by t'.ie Duchess and his suite, the Prince stayed several days at the Queen's Hotel, and was received with enthusiasm by a population always loyally glad to welcome members of the Royal P'amily to the city which so many of them have visited. Upon this occasion the Duke of Connaught made a most favorable impression. He had grown into middle life since his last visit, but had in the meantime distinguished himself in Fgypt, where he commanded a corps, and in India, which he had just left after serving his time as Commander of the Army in one of the Presidencies. On his way home the Duke had determined to .see the new Canada which had sprung up since Confederation, and therefore crossed the continent upon our Kmpire route — 1 ness and the "D afternoon to wit dignitaries or nc Prince in respon building when bo.vered in plan many-colored su by those who w Duke and Duel Toronto troops conversed with justice to add tl nothing but prs son. The central Mr. Mowat swe before. The Ei Toronto produce Wm. Bell. But followers the Co own in the city together with th Messrs. Armour Conservatives--! D. Creighton, V pard. Mr. Creij defeat was no c respective fields cause of great L: The opening of 1 the presence of tl his appreciation ing largely in I: Governor-Genera was presented, 1 utterance, throuj audience. He ad portions of the advised " cautio An interestit of a series of Lee The first one wj month, and for e dian speeches. Canada was stirr for the future in E SOUVENIR NUMBER. lo: Kmpire route -the C P. R. A great reception was given to His Royal High- I^^^^^^^^'^k'" '" ness and the Duchess in the Pavilion, where a dense crowd gathered in the afternoon to witness the presen'ation of innumerable loyal addresses, and civic dignitaries or notables, as weM as to hear the graceful, courteous speech of the Prince in response to the former. The charming sight exhibited in the immense building when the visitors entered and walked up the aisle to a platform bo.vered in plants and flowers, amid waving flags and handkerchiefs, and tlie many-colored summer costumes of hundreds of ladies, will be long remembered by those who witnessed it. The streets were packed with people v/hile the Duke and Duchess were driving to the Pavilion, and when a review of the Toronto troops was held later, the crowds were enormous. Prince Arthur conversed with manj of the Army veterans personally, and it is but the barest justice to add that those who served under him in India and elsewhere have nothing but praise and affectionate loyalty to accord the Queen's soldierly son. The central political event of i8go was the Provincial election contest. ^■]°ctio''n''' Mr. Mowat swept the Province, obtaining a majority larger than he had ever before. The Equal Rights agitation complicated the issue somewhat, and in Toronto produced two candidates, Messrs. K. Douglas Armour, Q.C., and Aid. VVm. Bell. But in spite of the most strenuous efforts by Mr. Meredith and his followers the Conservatives lost heavily in the Province, though holding their own in the city. Mayor K. F. Clarke and Mr. H. V.. Clarke were returned together with the minority candidate, Mr. Joseph Tait. Aid. McDougall and Messrs. Armour and Bell were, of course, defeated. Other Toronto men — all Conservatives who contested country constituencies wilhout success were D. Creighton, W. F. Maclean, J. L. Hughes, J. G. Holmes and E. E. Shep- pard. Mr. Creighton had represented North (Irey for seventeen years and his defeat was no doubt due to non-residence, but the others were new to their respective fields of battle — and disaster. Needless to say the vie ory was the cause of great Liberal jubilation during the night and morning of June the 6lh. The opening of the Industrial Exhibition in this year was rendered notable by the presence of the Earl of Aberdeen who, during preceding months, had signified his appreciation of Canada by living with his family in Hamilton and by invest- ing largely in British Columbia properties. At a later period he became Governor-General of Canada in succession to Lord Stanley. The usual Address was presented, but Lord Aberdeen's speech differed from the ordinary formal utterance, through expressing certain opinions clearlj- and definitely to the audience. He advocated a closer and more beneficial union of the self-governing portions of the Empire; declared Canada to be in a state of transition, and advised "caution, calmness and self-confidence" in the future. An interesting event in October was the inauguration by the National Club i^nocipai " _ _ . Grant and of a series of Lectures by distinguished men upon important subjects of the day. Annexation The first one was given by Principal Grant of Kingston on the 13th of the month, and for eloquence and interest it ranks amongst the greatest of Cana- dian speeches. The occasion was suitable for a patriotic deliverance, as all Canada was stirred by the recent imposition of the McKinley Tariff, and by fears for the future in some circles, together with a distinct leaning towards annexa- i ' ? i' ! ^ a: io8 DOARD OF TRADE S THE OLD AMER TORN DOWN TO MAKE WAY FOR Tl IRD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUMBER. I'HtC OLD AMERICAN HOTEL TO MAKE WAY FOR THE BOAKD 07 TRADE BUILDING. BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUMi I'riiicipnl ('.null ami Aiuiexatioii. Sir (olin Mac doiialil's last visit. tion in others. One sentence will suffice to illustrate Dr. (iraiit's style and subject : — "The annexationist at the outset surrenders the name of Canada, with all that it involves - its history, its Constitution, its past struL'gles, its jiresent life, its hopes and .aims — as thing,s absolutely worthless. Of course to some men and all cattle those things are worthless ^Ye can do nothing if we barter our honor for the hope of some immctliate gain. The man who does not respect himself will never be rfsjiected by others. Much more is thai true of the nation. The man may have dealh-bed repentance and a future life, but there is no life for the nati'in in the hereafter."' .\ couple of days after this deliverance a lontj-vexed question was settled by the decision of a larg'e majority of the Board of Regents and Senate of Victoria College, Cobourg, to federate with Toronto University. The result is another handsome educational structure added to the building's oi that nature which adorn the Queen City in such useful profusion. In November, Mr. H. M. Stanley, the great African explorer, lectured before crowded Toronto audiences and probably interested them as mucli as they benefitted his purse which was not a little. Towards the close of the year, the Board of Trade visited Sudbury in a body and inspected its vast nickel mines. Since that time there have been tentative efforts to establish smelting works in Toronto and to develop this great resource, but without adequate result. Meantime the condition of the city was not as bright and progressive as during the previous half dozen years. The period of expansion — almost inflation had passed away, and although the solid basis of material wealth and prosperity for which Toronto has always been noted remained, individual enterprise had been compelled to restrict its operations a little, and speculation had necessarily found its wings clipped somewhat. President John I. Davidson, of the Board of Trade, portrayed the situation with accuracy, however, at the annual nieeting of that body in January fiiliowing : •• The business affairs of Toronto, during the past year, have not been so prosperous as we could have wished ; but they easily might have been worse and we ought not to complain. . On the whole the oiierations of the year have been marked by >ub'-tantial improvement. This may be in part attributed to the greater carefulness which has characterized trade in reducing stocks and shortening the term of credit and still more to the fairly good harvest which has been reaped in Ontario and the active demand for all our farm products.'' Rain, slush and mud ushered in the eventful period confined between the months of January and December, 1891. In politics it was a stirring and dramatic vear, though apart from the national electoral contest, in which Toronto always shows so vigorously, and the sadness occasioned by the death of the great Conservative Chieftain, Sir John Macdonald, it was not one of marked importance. During January Mr. Samuel Plimsoll, ex-M.P., the famous supporter of sailor's rights and claims visited Toronto and was duly entertained by the Mayor and Corporation. On February 4th it was suddenly announced that Parliament had been dissolved, the elections to take place on March 5th. Instantly the country was ablaze with excitement, and Toronto ran riot with political discussion and speculation. Limited reciprocity with the United States, protection to industries and the maintenance of British connection was the Conservative policy and was accentuated by the famous Manifesto issued by the Premier on the 9th of the month. Two days before, a great mass meet- ing was held in the Auditorium under the auspices of the Young Men's Conser- vative Associatioi Bowell, Foster at Manifesto from Laurier issued a of trade with thi protection. But ling incident of t political history ( the Academy of J the issues of the as his followers I- sible mass of pi Whatever the po the sight of the will-power and pi and feebleness, a power of his patr tile Dominion c; Liber:'l leaders ; attempt to carry pressed exciteme notorious annex certainly a path British views ar should it ever oci " Heaven f irfent which we have borne is the end.' I believ show to the .\niericar ence as much as they from 1812 to 1815 i- the sooner the grass try I have loved so m The cheering w;i immense audienc tree," which, wh sentiments. Bu guard the Globe < Reform leaders I denied the charg annexation prop: the retirement ol the wonderful p Government, th' Cockburn, Kmer Messrs. J. K. K. Conservative sw Alex. Mackenzie E SOUVENIR NUMBER. vative Association and was addressed bv Sir lohn Thompson and Hon. Messrs. ^'"^ Jv'i'." .^"5 ■ , ■' " (ioiialil s last Howell, Foster and Carlin^. Following this enthusiastic demonstration came a v'*" Manifesto from the Equal Riglils Association, and ow the 13th inst. Hon. Mr. Laiirier issued a clarion call to the Reformers asking them to stand by freedom of trade with the I'nited States and deliver the country from the burdens of protection. Kiit it remained for the 18th of Februar\- to witness the most start- ling incident of the election and perhaps the most vivid and dramatic one in the political history of Canada. The occasion was a densely packed gathering in the Academy of Music to hear the veteran Premier and Sir Charles Tapper upon the issues of the day. Thousands were turned away and when "the Old Man," as his followers kindlv called him, rose to speak, the hitherto noisy and irrepres- sible mass of people in front of the platform became as silent as the grave. Whatever the politics of the observer, he could not but have been impressed by tlTo sight of the vigorous intellect of Sir John Macdonald, the unconquerable will-power and personality of the man, rising superior to evident ill-health, age antl feebleness, and holding that great audience in complete subjection to the power of his patriotism. And when the man w!io had done so much to found the Dominion came to that point of his address in which he impeached the Liber:'l leaders and Mr. h'arrer, editor of the G/ohe, charging them with ;in attempt to carry Canada by force or fraud into the American Union, the sup- pressed excitement was so great that the proofs in the form of Edward Farrer's notorious annexation letter, could hardly add to it. And the picture was certainly a pathetic one when the aged statesman spoke of his w'ell-known British views and affection for Canada and the consequences of annexation, should it ever occur : " Heaven f nfeiid lliat we ^liouKl lie absorbed in the L'niled Stales. The glori'. us name of Canada whioli we hiave borne so long and of wliieli we are so proud would lie lost. It would indeed be ' This is the end.' I believe that this election, which is a great crisis and on which so much depends, will show to the Americans that we jirize our country as much as they do. That we will fight for our exist- ence as much as they would. That the spirit of our fathers which fought and won battle after battle from 1812 to I1S15 is still existing in their sons, and if I thought it was olherwise, I would exclaim the sooner the grass is growing f)ver my grave the better, r.tthcr than see the degradation of the coun- try I have loved so much and served so long.'' The cheering was tremendous and prolonged at the end of the speech, and the immense audience joined in singing " We'll hang Ned Farrer on a sour apple tree," which, while not in very good taste, certainly served to demonstrate their sentiments. But it frightened the authorities, who sent a squad of police to guard the Globe ofTices, where, however, their services were not required. The Reform leaders held large meetings in Toronto and elsewhere and strenuousi}' denied the charges with the exception of F^arrer's undoubted sympathy with the annexation propaganda. But that gentletnan's connection with the party organ; the retirement of Hon. Edward Blake from all participation in the contest ; and the wonderful popularity of Sir John Macdonald carried the country for the tiovernment, though by a reduced majority. In Toronto Messrs. G. R. R. Cockburn, Emerson Coatsworth, Junr., and Lieut. -Col F, C. Denison defeated Messrs. J. K. Kerr, Q.C., A. E. Wheeler and .Arthur Mowat, making the usual Conservative sweep of the city. The Yorks elected Wm. Mulock, Q.C., Hon. Alex. Mackenzie and N. Clarke Wallace. On the day following, Mr. Blake I lO BOARD OF TRADE S Sir Johu Vnc- donnld's Inst visit. \ -i Deatli of lilt rreinicr. issued his Manifesto to the Electors of West Durham and incidentally, of the country, exphiining liis reasons for retirement on the eve of battle, denouncing hoth the National Policy and Unrestricted Reciprocity with impartial calmness, and leaving the people to get out of the dilliculty thus suggested as best they could. During May the Toronto Street Railway finally passed into the hands of the Corporation after a long and costly dispute with the Company. The Arbitration had shown the citizens, however, that tiie railway was a gold mine to those who controlled it and that the profits for the last ten years had been enormous. \not1ier lengthy discussion with capitalists who wished to lease the franchise for a prolonged period resulted in the Kiely-Everett syndicate obtaining the privilege upon condition of annual payment to the city and the immediate trans- fer from horse-power to an electric service. As a consequence of this important change, Toronto now has owq of the best street car systems upon the continent, though the apparent confidence of the Company in the honesty of the citizens has delayed for years the adoption o'i a transfer check. But the central event of the year in every sense, civic, national and personal, WHS the death of Sir John Macdonald on June 6th. The mournful occurrence was a direct consequence of over-exertion and too great exposure during the elections of February. The constitution of the veteran statesman, as his physi- cians had warned him previously, was unable to stand the effects of such excite- ment as had marked his great Toronto meeting or as necessarily resulted from such incidents as speaking five times in owo, day. The outburst of sorrow which followed the announcement of his dangerous illness and ensuing death, was literary unparalleled in the history of Canada. It u-as non-political in scope, and personal in its intensity. Iwery part of the country seemed to feel that the greatest of Canadians had passed away and that the chief founder of the Do- minion was soon to be merely an historic memory. The real nature of the individual affection which the Premier had inspired was illustrated at this moment in the press and in the pulpit, in public and in private. Toronto, which had seen much of the departed statesman and had for years supported his policy, naturally showed its regret and sorrow with distinctness. Meetings of all kinds were called, resolutions passed, flags at half-mast all over the city and a general sadness pervaded every function and private discussion. Large delegations pre- pared to attend the funeral from Ottawa to Kingston, and many an individual felt as if his warmest friend had passed away. Parliament, of course, adjourned and agreed to aid in giving the interment oi its great leader a national character. I'robably the most eloquent tribute, outside of the sentiment expressed by Sir Hector Langevin when he said "my heart is full of tears," was the speech of Hon. Wilfrid Laurier. After reference to Sir John Macdonald as " Canada's most illustrious son and foremost citizen and statesman," he proceeded in words which Toronto sympathetically echoed and its citizens sincerely appreciated : " Sir John Mac;-ht an influx of distinguished divines from all parts of the world. The meetings were held in Cooke's Church which has a seating capacity for some 3,000 people and the building was constantly crowded in every part. The proceedings lasted from September 21st to September 30th inclusive, and were characterized by most able papers read by eminent men, upon various important topics. Missionaries from the South Seas, from India, Ceylon, japan, China, from amongst the Indians of Canada and the States ; clergymen from Australia, the West Indies, Krancc, .Austria, Italy, Netherlands, Spain, (Germany, Helgium, Great Britain, Switzerland and South .Africa were present and took a prominent part in the discussions. Rev. Dr. Caven, Principal of Knox College, Toronto, preached the opening sermon, and the Chair was occupied by Rev. Dr. W. Garden Hlaikie of luUnburgh, President of tlie Presbyterian Alliance. .Altogether the gathering was one which retlecied great credit upon tie denom- ination in Toronto, its hospitality and careful arrangements, while no doubt doing incidental and valuable service to the city in which it was held. About the same time Ontario celebrated its Centennial vcar of free Govern- ''^"'*;'."''''*' ""^ ment and constitutional administration. .And very properly the demonstration "'^"' took place in Toronto, which had been the centre of all the political struggles and conflicts in Upper Canada, as well as the scene of Government and source of administration during a later period. And for the moment, as the procession of carriages and prominent citizens wended its way from the old historic pile on Front Street to the magnificent new Parliamentary buildings in Queen's Park, faction was hushed and people thought of the difference between the past and the present ; the Toronto of Mayor Mackenzie's time and the Toronto oi Mayor Fleming's day ; the Ontario known to Major-General Simcoe and the Ontario presided over by Lieut. -Governor Kirkpatrick. .A large crowd gathered before the platform which had been erected near the front of the new Legislative Buildings, and upon which were seated many representative men. The Lieut. - Governor presided and the speakers of the day were Hon. Thomas Ballan- tyne. Speaker of the Assembly; Hon. J. M. Gibson, Provincial Secretary; 1 Hon. Richard Harcourt, Provincial Treasurer; and Messrs. G. V. Marter, 1 M.P.P., Wm. McCleary, M.P.P., and Rev. Dr. Scadding. Mr. Gibson deliv- , ered an impressive and instructive historical address describing the gradual ' process of evolution upward in Ontario from the lowest form of Constitutional ; Government and material welfare to the highest, but skilfully avoiding such ^ political breakers as the Rebellion of 1837. In the course of his speecii ho observed with the most absolute accuracy that : : " What w.-is oiiL' hundred yens a^o a ilensu wiUleincsN and foit'sl l!ir()iir;lii)ul iho Uii5;lh and bre.adtli of tile land is no* a country of mas^nilicenl farms, thriving \illat,'es and 10*1 s and iioinilous cities. We are a contented and a happy people. Our at;ricultural resources, modes and metliods are 1 equal to those of any other country to-day, and the best proof that can lie given is that which yovi have i had in your own city for the last two weeks, in the shape of the Industrial ICxhihition.'' ! Mr. Harcourt dealt with the century's march of progress in Upper Canada and made the following reference to Toronto : iia nOARn OF TRAnii Si> \ \ I' i1 I, ' THE OLD CORN I As it a|ipi'ari'(l a few days before removing to the \e\ II ! AV) (;/' TliADE SOUVKNlIi NUMliER THE OLD CORN EXCHANGb;, ■s l)efore removiiiy to the New Hoard of Trade Building, December, 1890. HOARD 01'' iRADI: SOUl luMR XU. Criilrniiiiil iil Free Govern- ment. ToroiilDH Civic I'rogresH •' Diiiiiij; the uiiuci (il 17(»4 ili'iii-ral Siiucur i.iuk uj) lii> roiilemc nciir wliiiu wc now suiinl aiul husii'.l hiiiisclf ill |,lanllill^; lor the (iiiiiio of ihi> l:irm; nmi prospcroiis city, the liislory of wliicli from thai early day tiiilil now, with \u safo, iiiaiknl iiini uiiiiiU'iru|iti'cl |iro(,'ri'», (ills so promincni a fliaptir ill tlif history of the Province.'' With tlicsc adtlrosses and a visit by many pcuple to tlio i-iuildiii(;s, oi which the iiilorior was lunv coinpletod, tlic coroinonios of the day concluded. I'larly in the next year the OiUaiio I.e^nslatiiri.- was opened with all possible pomp in the handsome chambei-, and the various departments of the (.iovernment installed in theii new and splendid quarters. But here we must pause in this brief j^lance back over the scenes of a busy and sometimes stirrinj; civic life. The city which in early days souj,'!!! as its chief object pi>litieal power, and pursued it through the various paths of aj^itation and parliamentary conllict, and which in a later period stru^jifled for and obtained commercial supremacy within a j^reat Province, now combines within itself all the manifold activities of a Provincial and national centre in politics, commerce, industry, law. litera- ture, transportation, and arts. Since Incorporation its population has ^rown from 9,000 to nearly Joo,ooo souls ; within the last twenty-five years the increase has been nearly 150,000. During' the quarter of a century which has elapsed since Confederation chans^ed our Colonies into a new nation, and placed this small though important Colonial capital upon the high-road of inetropolitan power, the assessed value of its property has increased from $23,750,000 to $151,000,000 ; the average daily attendance at the Public Schools has risen from 2,600 to 21,000 ; the number of school-rooms from 41 to 468, and the cost of maintaining these portals to learning has grown from $2b,ooo to $332,000. Meantime the value of Post-OHice Orders issued has increased from $48,000 to over half a million, and of those paid from $409,000 to nearly two millions. The census figures of each decade also serve to illumine the pages of civic progress. The growth oi Toronto in manufacturing is well shown bv the four millions of capital invested in 1870 and the thirty-two millions similarly invested in 1890 ; by the increase of employtJs in industrial establishments from 9,400 to 26,300 during the same period ; by the increase in wages paid to them from $2,690,000 to $9,361,000 ; by the value of raw material used, which rose from .$7, 168,000 to $22,000,000, and by the value of the finished product, which jumped from thirteen to forty-five million dollars. No wonder that Sir Charles Dilke, in his " Problems of Greater Britain," published three years ago, should have expressed warm admiration concerning Toronto. His opinion is that of an admittedly keen and close observer, and is therefore valuable : ••Till.' city of Toronto, the capital of liie I'idvincc, ilis|ila\s liie t-ncr^jy which ciiaractcjizci Ontario as a whole. If Montreal is the finest city in tiic 1 )oniinion, Tcironto is liecomiiig the incst jirosiieroiis, and is the most prof^ressivc. It is more Enj^lish than American, .nnd looks like one of the southern suburbs of our own London, adorned with a transatlantic e(|iiipinent of inniinieralile electric wires. Toronto has no great beauty, and its site upon a Hat lake shore gives it no iiaMral advantage to the eye : but there is about this city an nir of business .mimation which yields an agr cable impres- sion of vigorous growth. 'Ihe educational and religious activity of ' Die (Jucen City' is as striking as its commercial enterprise." With all deference, however, to Sir Charles Dilke's otherwise accurate picture, it may be truthfullv said that Toronto is a beautiful as well as a progressive city. The Kosedale ravines and bridges ; the terrace oi hills at the back of the city, adorned by hit Mr. S. II. Jam leading citi/en." the exquisite vi the multitude tial streets in h midst ; the sol of the city, sIk American towr beyond dispute The trade commerce larg Wisconsin ant Paul, Milwauk recent years, tl tive growth o designation of greater railwa) while compctii oi both Grea new lines of s Asiatic comme of Toronto is v magnificent bu in process of ( and the Confe Insurance biiih Hall, the Athei the new home Hall, the Pari evidences of ci' in cour»e of t together with t to the appearai .And so the a past of whit fortunate. Ho from their strii a Provincial n churches beaut tion ; its charat continents ; its whilst the rep enterprise, indi as marked as by the Dominic DE soil EMR xim/;/:r. "3 juloiMcd 1\\ liiiiKlsniin.' iivl's aiul the residences o\ the late Senator Macdonald, Jj'r""'"'!* Mr. S. II. Janes, iMr. S. Nurdlieimer, Mr. J. K. Kerr, y.C, and others of our leadiny^ citizens; the charming scenery aionj; the banks oi the historic Huniber ; llio exquisite view of the lake aiuI harbor from the l-'ort and I'^xhibition (iroiinds ; tile multitude of shade trees which throw a delij^litlul shadow over the residen- tial streets in summer and which constitute such a charm to the visitor in our midst ; tiie solidity and handsome style of the houses in all the chief sections of the city, showinj^ a combination o\' wealth, taste and ilurability unusual in an American tow n ; all these evidences prove the b' auly oi Toronto to be a fact beyond dispute, and one of which its people have every reason to be proud. I'he Hade oi the Queen city is yearly increasin}<;, and it Chicajjo with its commerce larj^ely confined to a few States such as Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Wisconsin and Minnesota, in which it has also to meet the competition oi St. Paul, Milwaukee and St. Louis, can boast the splendid commercial proj^ress of recent years, there is no doubt that Toronto, with its wider scope in the prospec- tive fjrowth of the Dominion, will in the near future more than deserve the dcsif^nation o\' the Chicago of Canada. It is nearer the seaboard, and is a greater railway centre, even now extending its trade from ocean to ocean. And while competing with Chicago and other American cities in the common market oi both — Great Britain ii promises, by the help of the Canadian Pacific and new lines of steamships an«J r ibles, to obtain a very considerable Kastern and Asiatic commerce in time to -. ne. That this belief in the still greater expansion of Toronto is widely felt am t its citizens may be considered as proven in the magnificent buildings which have been recently constructed, as well as by others in process oi erection. The Canada Life Assurance Company on King street, and the Confederation Life on Yonge street, have put up two of the finest Insurance buildings on the Continent. The Traders' Bank, the St. George's Hall, the .Atheniuum Club, the Voung Women's Christian Association building, the new home of the l*"reehold Loan and Savings Company, the Oddfellows' Hall, the Parliament Huildings, and the X'ictoria Club, are all architectural evidences of civic confidence and progress, whilst the immense Drill Shed now in course of construction by the Dominion (lovernment, the Athletic Club, together with the new City Hall and Municipal buildings, will soon add greatly to the appearance oi the city. .And so the tide of progress rolls on. With a future which is assured, and a past oi which its citizens feel proud, Toronto may indeed consider itself fortunate. Honor has crowned its residents in time of war; power has come from their struggles in the time of peace; the village of York has grown to a Provincial metropolis and a national center ; its streets are crowded with churches beautiful in architecture and patronized by nearly the whole popula- tion ; its character as a moral, law-abiding city, is known all over this and other continents ; its educational interests rank amongst the very best in the world, whilst the reputation of its people for patriotism and loyalty, energy and enterprise, industry and skill, is as wide as the Kmpire to which it belongs and as marked as the world-wide recognition o'i the progress made in recent years hv the Dominion of Canada itself. J. C. H i i BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUX TORONTO BOARD OF BY GEO. B. BROOKS. T hiis been said that " Boards of Trade are tlie natural and inevitable outgrowth of our commercial life. They are a part of that great system of the sub-division of labor which bespeaks our social and material proi^^ress. The necessities of trade and commerce produced them, and no more is required in defence of their existence than is required in defence of insurance, the wholesale merchant, or the banker." The foregoinj; statement is true, and it may be truthfully added that the prosperity of a Hoard of Trade is a measure of the city's prosperity in which it exisis. From a small bes^innini;-, man\ years ago, the Hoard of Trade of Toronto has reached colossal proi^ortions, with a membership in 1892 of 92.:, an income the same year of $15,736.70 and a surplus of $6,942.33. .Among its members are the leading Commercial and Financial men in the city, men with a Provin- cial and Dominion reputation. The benefits which a well organized Board of Trade confers upon a city whose financial and commercial interests it seeks to gua. .1, and also upon the country at large, are not far to seek. Such an organization represents the Trade and Commerce of the city and country. .At it are discussed matters of vital interest to both Ontario and the Dominion. Every successful effort made on behalf of commercial interests must accomplish something for the general good. Where trade is carefully nourished and commerce flourishes, there will be found a prosperous people. Since the formation of the Toronto Board many very important meetings oi its members have been held, and many very important questions in connection with trade matters have been discussed. Among them in late vears the repeal of the Insolvent .Act, the Railway question, .Agricultural Interests of Canada, Fxport Live Stock Trade, Mining Industries, Bill Stamp .^ :t. Discriminating Rates on Railways, the Toronto Ksplanade Ditliculty. Millers' Grievances, Reciprocity with the States, National Finances, Assignments for the benefit of Creditors, the .Assessment .Act, Municipal matters, Hanking Legislation, Subsidising Ocean Steam- ship Lines, and many other questions, all of great interest to mercantile and professional men and to the people at large ; and discussed by such prominent business men as those composing the Toronto Board of Trade, the result must have been beneficial, not only to the City of Toronto, but to the Dominion. There is no greater civilizer in the world than comm.rce. Prejudices are lessened; national animosities are minimized, and anything that will promote an increase of commerce between nations is to be hailed with gratification as tending to the welfare and mutual advantage of all concerned. The Toronto Board of Trade may justly take credit for having exemplified to other communities what can be done for tlie furtherance of the interests which it assumes to deal with. In 1844 a few leading merchants of Toronto met togetl.er, and after discussing the matter over a few times they organized the Toronto Board of Trade, electing Mr. George Percival Ridout, President; Mr. Joseph Workman, \'ice-President ; and Mr. Henry Row- sell, Secretary-Treasurer. On February loth, 1845, the Hoard was incorporated by .Act of Parliament, the incorporation being made out in the names of George Percival Ridout, \ homas Clarkson, Peter Paterson, John Mulholland, William Ledley Perrin and several others. .Mr. Joseph Workman is the only survivor of the first officers of the Hoard. Tlie membership increased slowly and there was not as much interest taken by mercantile and financial men in been expected, matters, ;imonj arrangements v During the pasi deal and the r deeply impresse In 1880, ho usefulness of th dent. He laboi membership inc term of five ye; zeal that a grea which he was pi five hundred of for the Hoard, importers were Customs, Hon. talked over thi arrange '. It may be i in 1866, but it became known dent ; Mr. H. i In 1884 this Kx resulted benefit Board was 669, The I'irst 1877, and was ; of the Board w and two month elected the fir.'- .Vlatthews for t W. (darling w; A. Wills, Secrc general meetin; tion having bet the 29th June, bers to the fun> Seven ye; itself felt, and 8* i' im^'i li SOUVENIR NUMLER 1 1 ' ARD OF trade:. ). B. BROOKS. financial men in the city in tlie deliberations and proceedings of the Board as might have been expected. During the first halt" of the Fifties the Hoard discussed some important matters, among them, increased transportation facilities were urged ; improved postal arrangements were demanded ; while the tariff and reciprocity were continually discussed. During the past thirty-five years of its existence the Hoard of Trade accomplished a good deal and the membership was not small, but many leading men in the city were not so deeply impressed with its value to themselves as to join it. In 1880, however, an awakening occurred, an interest was aroused and the increased usefulness of the Board must date from 1883, when Mr. H. W. Darling was elected presi- dent. He labored indefatigably, and it was largely due to his unceasing efforts that the membership increased and the usefulness of the Board became more widespread. After a term of five years Mr. Darling retired from the Presidency, and so marked had been his zeal that a great banquet was given him in the Rossin House, February 5th, 1887, and at which he was presented with a handsome piece of plate. The banquet was a great success, five hundred cii the leading men of the city being present. The year 1883 was a busy one for the Board. The Insolvency and Customs Acts were proposed. The grievances of importers were discussed and a deputation was sent to Ottawa to see the Minister of C'usto;ns, Hon. McKenzie Bowell. That gentleman came to Toronto, met the importers, talked over their grievances with them, and ultimately everything was satisfactorily arrange '. A-: * It may be incidentally mentioned here that the Toronto Corn Exchange was organized in 1866, but it was not until 1872 that incorporation was obtained. The organization became known as the Produce and Merchants Exchange, with Mr. Robert Spratt, Presi- dent ; Mr. H. S. Howland, Vice-Presid :.■.. , Mr. J. E. Kirkpatrick, Secretary-Treasurer. In 1884 this Exchange amalgamated with the Board of Trade, and the amalgamation has resulted beneficially to both parties. On December 31st, 1885, the membership of the Board was bOg, and on December 31st, 1886, it was 91 i. The I'irst Annual Dinner of the Board was held in the Rossin House, December 30th, 1877, and was a brilliant affair. President William Ince was in the chair and 260 members of the Board were present. 0\\ June 29th, 1886, the Gratuity Fund books were opened, and two months afterwards 733 members had subscribed. The following gentlemen were elected the first trustees of the fund : Mr. D. R. Wilkie for three years, Mr. W. D. Matthews for two years, and Mr. W. Ince for o'.e year. When the Trustees met, Mr. H VV. Darling was elected Chairman of the Fund, Mr. G. M. Rose, Treasurer, and Mr. Edgar .\. Wills, Secretary. The scheme of the CJratuity Fund was submitted by the Council to a general meeting (A the Board held on the ibth November, 1885, and the necessary legisla- tion having been obtained, the by-laws giving effect thereto were adopted by the Board on the 2gth June, 1886. On the 17th March, 1887, the by-laws were amended by the sub.scri- bers to the fund at the suggestion l^i the Trustees. Seven years ago the necessity for increased facilities and better accommodation made itself felt, and steps were taken to meet these requirements. Some time was spent in iriil ■-^28^ ill !! ! I ( " ' I .. > *SSSSS3B. BMIBMBe^ D O Q > z a: o uj f- z o9 OE Oh ,'.^--. -j:- ,^^i^ -^^"■'' rt'OiimrBin'mniit- BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUm (Mi lO ■••'£*»*■/■ •iiJ^^^f^. tl*^ »'<•' ., -*,» :^""m^''^' kj^J- >i 'i -• J^%^:.'3l!^' '; ^ "v.;:i» .l-p « if «lr THE OLD COiuN EXCHANGE. IMPERIAL bA! I'lcvious III Rtiunviil lo i'resfH'. ( Jiiarter^. ^ IE SOUVENIR NUMBER. "7 % NUk;. imi'l:hial bank building 'jmiival to riC'i.'ir. ( hiaitcT-^. n gjswgggg^g rr iiS BOARD OF TRADE Si securinj^ the property upon which the present Hoard of Trade Building stands — a t;«sk frauf^fht with more difliculties tlian those not fully acquainted with the circumstances can well comprehend. The site of the buildini,^ was previously occupied by the American Hotel, owned by the estate of the late John Rennie, and was purchased by the Hoard on the 25th day of November, 1887, for the sum of $55,000. The remainintf portion, some 20 feet on Front Street, was purchased from the trustees ot the Wilkes I-'state on the i()th of June, COUNCIL CI- 1889, for the sum of $14,500. The site is irrejjular in form, Vonge and Front Streets intersecting at an acute angle. The frontage on Vonge Street is loi feet, and on Front Street 109 feet, containing an area of 9,323 feet. The contractors commenced taking down the old American Hotel about the 15th of May, 1889, the estimated cost of the new building being $400,000. The following committees in connection with the building were struck : — Committee re Purchase of Site, Sept. 2nd, 1886.- Messrs. W. Ince, H. N. Haird, G. M. Rose, H. W. Darling. a^a<-*)ltum*)aMiti>^mim\ t \\«io a born of a {greater liberty, it is not unreasonable to believe that in enterinjj their larjjcer anil finer building, they also enter upon an era of renewed growth, of enlarged usefr.lness and of more permanent prosperity. After deciding that the erection of a new building was necessary, the I^uilding Commit- tee invited Darling and furry, and Langley and Hurke, oi Toronto ; R. A. Waite of lUilValo, and (ieorge B. I'ost of New N'ork City, to prepare drawings for the proposed MlTTliE HOOM. I old s of oval e to 1 the air. igor building, for which they were to be paid the sum of $400 each.* The Committee also stated it would receive and entertain designs by other persons not so invited, and would give such drawings equal consideration, but no remuneration would be paid for them. All drawings were to be returned to competitors as soon as a selection was made, and none of the designs were to be shown to competing architects or to the public without the written con- sent of the authors. Nothing in the rejected designs was to be used in the plan of the building, if such points were original, unless the author of the design supplying the sugges- ^i^S I ) ux a: Z -- OQ 'J) o: X. Q < - O ? -C til X UJ "'^il V a o z < X h z z (- < ■3 z o DC d z 5 J D :q y Q a: h O Q 3:: < o z < Q Z o X. m 11 il 1 BOARD OF TRADE SL tion consented to it, when he would be remunerated. A number of desij^ns were received, many of them very handsome ones, and after careful deliberation those submitted by James & James, of New York, were accepted, a choice which it has been generally conceded was an excellent one, the whole building, now that it is completed, being one harmony of architectural detail and color, dignity, taste and beauty, reflecting credit on its designer, the contractors who built it, the Board of Trade itself, and the City of Toronto. Seen from the street it has an imposing appearance, and from foundations to roof is solidly built. The foundation walls are of hard grey clinker bricks laid in cement, and are 3 feet 4 inches thick. The interior foundation walls are 2 feet 3 inches thick, built upon concrete and dimension stone footings. AH the floors from top to bottom have been RECORDING BOARDS OF B constructed on the latest and most appioved fire-proof principles. They are of steel beams placed on an average of four feet apart, supported by the walls and heavy steel girders bolted together ; the spaces between the beams are built in witii porous terra-cotta arching blocks of Canadian manufacture, and upon this is laid a 4-inch bed of concrete in which was bedded scantling to nail the flooring, thus making a solid mass of steel, porous terra-cotta and concrete 14 inches thick ; 1427 steel beams and girders weighing 533,283 lbs. were used in the construction of the floors, as well as 61,309 feet of porous terra-cotta arching blocks ; 62,053 *^'st of porous terra-cotta blocks were used in the construction of partitions. A test was made upon the strength of the terra-cotta floor arching, and what was supposed to be a weak section was selected for the test. It was found to resist a load of 5,<)2i lbs. per square foot. IRD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUMBER. ^ns were received, lose submitted by generally conceded ig one harmony of t on its designer, oronto. idations to roof is s laid in cement, inches thicli, built bottom have been The building contains 86 offices, most of which have been arranged and fitted to suit the tenan'tS. Most of them are provided with open fire-places with marble mantel-pieces and hearths ; many also are provided with fire-proof vaults, and in addition to the vaults in the offices, a stock of vaults is ingeniously arranged, commencing from the basement and continuing up through the centre of the corridors to the fifth floor. Gas and electricity have been laid throughout the building, as well as telephone wires for connection whenpver necessary. The sixth floor has been built and arranged to suit the requirements of the Board of Trade, containing the Board of Trade Hall, Council Chamber, Committee Rooms, Secre- tary's offices and store rooms, telegraph and telephone rooms. The Board of Trade Hall )ING BOARDS OF BRITISH PLATE GLASS. ire of steel beams ivy steel girders rra-cotta arching oncrote in which of steel, porous weighing 533,283 arous terra-cotta e construction of -ching, and what d to resist a load or Rotunda, is situated directly on the corner of the building, with a magnificent view south and west across Lake Ontario. The hall is polygonal in form, having 14 sides resembling a rotunda. It is 50 feet in diameter and 32 feet in height. The ceiling is cir- cular, forming a dome, and is richly treated in modelled plaster ornament which covers more than half the dome, an area of 1 ,800 square feet. The remainder of the hall is finished in quartered oak, it being wainscotted with panelling. .\t the intersections of the 14 sides of the hall, fourteen massive columns of quartered oak, supported upon heavy panelled and moulded bases, rise and support the dentilled cornice from which the dome springs. The columns are fluted, and are embellished with minor spiral columns at their angles. Handsomely carved capitals support them, carved in free Renaissance ornament. The windows are high and lofty, have semi-circular heads forming transome lights which are BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUi artistically glazed with art g-lass ; llie centre of each light is adorned with l' c Standards of Great Britain, Canada, and the I'nion Jack, etc., worked in French enamel. The Rotunda is lii^hted at night with 70 electric lamps and 42 gas lights. The electroliers are handsomely designed and executed, having a Hower Harff finish and opalescent globes. The architectural treatment of the exterior of the building may be generally described as a modern development of Romanesque. The two first stories are designed to form a base consisting of a series oi piers of Crandled Portage l£ntry sandstone. Each pier is surmounted by a car\ ed cap of rclined Romanesque ornament. The simplicity oi these piers is relieved by the ^'onge and Front street entrances which are imposing and richly carved. Conspicuous among the ornaments are the arms of Cireal Britain, Canada, spring from clu The histor Toronto. Just active proporti the report of th miles of the Nc between Toron the opinion of 1 unequally appl severely upon t RECORDING BOARDS OF BRITISH PLA THE ONLY ONES OF THE KIND IN CAN. Toronto and the Board of Trade. The next three stories are treated lighter and are more decorative. The piers between the windows are lofty and graceful, built of pressed brick with Portage Entry sandstone shafts, moulded bases and carved capitals. The.se piers support a deep frieze and dentilled cornice. The frieze is one continuous length of the facade, richiy carved in a refined treatment of Romanesque ornament ; over each pier a head typical of modern arts and sciences is carved in bold relief. The treatment of the 6th story is very fine, expressing the importance of the interior, which is devoted to the Board of Trade offlces, etc. The Rotunda, or Board of Trade Hall, is easily discernible by the magnificence shown on the exterior, composed of an imposing arcade with decorated gables of stone finishing each bay, and uniting with each other at their bases, enclosing a portion of the interior devoted to the hall. The arches are richly moulded and carved and average duty o In 1857, trade i and the bank severely for so were weeded c the stagnation The citize Trade organiz; City of Babylo that in the ai sellers, and bo JJHiEL DE SOUVENIR NUMBER. ras ;of I is lely hed n a r is e.se :hly da, spring- from clusters of well proportioned columns and shafts witii carved capitals and fii^fures. The history of the Toronto Hoard of Trade is in some respects that of the City of Toronto. Just as the Board has sprun<>- from small beg^inninjj: to its present larj^e and active proportions, so has the trade and progress of the city increased. For instance, in the report of the President of the Board in 1852, he congratulated the members that 20 miles of thp Northern Railway were completed and that there was a prospect of the road between Toronto and tiuelph beinj^ shortI\ opened for trairic. Respectinj^- the tariff it was the opinion of the Council of the Board of Trade in ICS53, that " the impost of duties was unequally applied, and while the operations of the merchants were fettered, it also bore severely upon the masses of the population. The Council are stronjjly of opinion that an )S OF BRITISH PLATE GLASS. :S OF THE KIND IN CANADA lore rick iers the er a 6th )ard the ited and average duty of 7'.. percent, would produce ample revenue for the wants of the Ciovernment." In 1857, trade in Toronto and throughout Canada suffered severely. Failures were numerous and the bank circulation decreased $4,500,000. The stagnation lasted more or less severely for some time and was followed by a period of prosperity. Many shaky concerns were weeded out, greater care was exercised in pushing trade and in giving credit;;, and the stagnation and failure.^ were not an unmixed evil. The citizens of Toronto have reason to be proud of their Board of Trade organization. Trade organizations are of ancient origin. We are told by historians that in the ancient City of Babylon, places were set apart for men to trade in corn, wheat and barley, etc. ; that in the ancient City of Athens men went to convenient ph'.ces and met buyers and sellers, and bought and sold. During the reign of Queen Klizabeth, of Kngland, there was 1 i 111 124 JllO B"" o*"'* ,, a Cl»iaE"LAMD •lie n.W tULlOTT BOARD OF TRADE SOL tDO*» A.V»Hl.e J P .«•«• w n BROCK '"v., -, ■ixa J oAvtos OFFICERSand COUNCIL. f TORONTO r.:!.;'.:xxiiBB RD OF TRADE HOUVENIR NUMBER. us-e. 'Oor ''•>rF "•tv JNO OONOOH lit '>Ano tn ^;"X«. (AtVMS W . n BROCK w. , Nce ^ ;^ ALLAN '^'-'*s ffoo tf)3 JNO J DAVIDSON HUGH BLArN »Hti! Oto , "*ei.tA« «0»E iD COUNCIL -f TORONTO BOARDofTRADE 18911892. «.»•'>*• BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUi T~ W' M ^i^^ ""*" '*...s Ol.O-tOT' ..»» : C O^Bfi-^*"" f! IV c „ *«s*«.i-' " '"■ Ellhi R. WLKIC HUGH B' I^' < OFFICERS & COUNCIL iv, TORONTO BOARD or iomm PE SOUVENIR NUMBER R. wart ic HUGH B -i *^ : .t^"'"' c-o-'-nt ihko" '«u«. .irio D'J'tn&H G MAr.LtAN to'-. rORONTO BOARD or TRADE 189293. Vj.U H.Mll--'"*' * " M-^'-ir*). »as IJf) BOARD OF TRADE SO ifli l! . i' : BO*""""' «* , B OJ"""''*'"' DW.AttXANDl '°'"'^'"v,o,o. EOaAR A.WILLS J P --:^C.«"> D n WICKIC OFFICERS AHD COUNCIL Of TORONTO A'/> (;/.' TRADh SOUVENIR NUMBER jMet""-*"" D W. ALKANDCR <"»0(j KOO'' "^fftlN "to H at»,Ti»A„ ",'e ol London, under the patri>naj,'e and throu{,'h tlie enterprise oi Sir Thomas (Iresham was erected, and that l-]xchange has to-day a world wide reputation. The first trade exchan^'e in America was orjjani/ed in the City of New N'ork in 170S. About two or three years I ninjfs have evi civihzed world, Toronto Board uv t;i;o. It, HKooKs. Commerce and enterprise, whether they mean much or little, will probably not be rated with the hii,'hest virtues. They have their rewards, however, and whether such rewards are real or speculative, actual or expectant, they seem to promote the individual about whom they cling- to a niche ot comparative prominence in the empire of trade. This is eminently true of Mr. Hdgar Alfred Wills, the energetic secretary of the Toronto Hoard oi Trade, than whom no man is, probably, better known to the meVcPiants of the Metropolis of Ontario and of the Province generally. Born in the sea-port town o\' Ply- mouth, I'lngland, on the i.|th of .May, 1H47, no Roman citizen in the old lime could have been prouder of his citizenship than he is of his birthright. The former never cherished his imperial enfranchisement with a purer zest than the latter does his Knglish freedom. On all occasions he claims his heritage, and he rarely fails to exult with a patriot's pride and a lover's tenderness over the land oi his father;-, the land where he was born and where they sleep. No matter whether the subject of discourse be gay or whether it be sad, whether it be political, commercial or social, his west of Kngfland creams up and sparkles like the bee's wing on old wine whenever his country is named, with a constancy th.it may provoke a smile even if it secures admiration. The father oi the subject of this sketch was .Mr. Henry Wills, a gentleman engaged as a mining broker and well known in the west of Kngland. The son received his education in the schools of Plymouth, after which he was apprenticed to the grocery firm o'i Brown, Wills tt NichoNon, a lirm still in existence. But the germs o\' honorable ambition were strongly implanted in Mr. Wills. He had a longing desire to succoed in life, and in 1872, believing that Canada oflered a better field for his ambition thm his native land he emigrated to St. John, N.B., where he engaged as book-keeper to Messrs. Davis & .May, and where he remained for several ye?rs. The month of December, 1SS2, found nim in Toronto, a stranger in a strange city, looking out for something to do. He tried to obtain employment in the line to which he had been apprenticed and which he thoroughly under- stood, but was unsuccessful. Nothing daunted he accepted the first chance that offered, and he was installed business manager of the Evaiii^clical Chiirchuum newspaper. He remained in this position until 1884. During that year the Toronto Corn Exchange and the Toronto Board of Trade amalgamated under the name of the Board of Trade of the City of Toronto. A pushing, energetic secretary for the new board was a necessity. Mr. Wills applied for the position .md out of a host of applicants was chosen, a position he still enjoys, to work had no te new secretary > the Board wht other things co Mutual Insurar member belong their connectioi membership of As secretai overseeing the building which perform those i to the satisfac honorarium, ac \ few yea I Ontario Gover Trade, and w As a proof holds the folh Watches ;" Hides and I. Grain for the following sect Millers and •Metals, Marine Th>^- is energy to accc thorough ill allegiance to adoption. \i nature a vein 'J/i SOUl'ENJK NUMliKR 'J7 or llirco years later it received a charter from the C'ri>\\ii ol lui^laiul. hroin such hejjin- ninj^s have evolved the jfreat system ot trade orj^ani/ations u'lich prevail all over the civili/ed world, and one of which, neither the least nor last in its inlliience for good, is the 'I'oronto Hoard of Tratle. !#» PM>Ji:i) WILLS. i:o. It. HKOOKS. still enjoys, to the profit of all concerned. Il retjuired a man of ability and for whom hard work iiad no terrors to raise the orjjani/ation out of tlie mire into which it had sunk, and the new secretary set about the work in his characteristic manner. The total membership of the Board when Mr. Wills was appointed secretary, was 203 ; to-day it is 922. Amonj^ other thinfjfs connected with the Hoard which Mr. Wills has successfully carried out, is the Mutual insurance or Gratuity Scheme, by which the family or beneficiary of each deceased member belonjfinj;' to it, receives the sum of Si, 000 and upward, according to the period of their connection with it.' Although only in existence a few years, the scheme has a present membership of S51, and an accumulated rest fund of over $Si, (K)0. .As secretary of the Hoard, Mr. Wills had to bear a large share of the responsibility of overseeing the iletails of the work in the erection of the new handsome Hoard \.^'i Trade building which stands on the north-east corner of \'onge and Front streets. If he did not perform those arduous duties to the satisfaction ci the contractors, he pre-eminently did so to the satisfaction of the Directors oi the Hoard, who rewarded him with a substantial honorarium, admitted to have been well and faithfully earned. A few years ago he was appointed a Justice of the Peace for the county of \'ork by the Ontario Government, a recognition of his responsibilities as Secretary of the Hoard of Trade, and which has proved o'i very great convenience to its members. As a proof of his energy Mr. Wills, in addition to his duties to the Board of Trade, holds the following ofiices : Secretary of " Canadian Jobbers' Association in American Watches ;" ditto " Dominion Wholesale Grocers' AssoL:iation ;" ditto '* Examiners in Hides and Leather;" ditto "Examiners in I'lour and Meal;" ditto "Examiners in Grain for the Province of Ontario, and City of Toronto." He is also secretary of the following sections of the Toronto Hoard of Trade : Jewellers and Silversmiths, Hankers, Millers and Wholesale Flour Merchants, Grain, Malt and Hops, Lumber, Hardware and Metals, Marine. Th''^' is a pretty tair amount of work for {.MWi man to attend to, but Mr. Wills has the energy to accomplish it and all runs smoothly and without friction. He may be said to be thorough in his character, possessing a high sense of honor and an inflexible will. His allegiance to the land o'i his birth does not incline him to forget his loyalty to the land of liis adoption. .Anxious to be consistent, determined to be honest, there runs through his nature a vein of pride which is not unattractive. HI Sn| 128 BOARD OF TRADE S [ ^ j g ' 'fij \ g y SlA ■■ j ifl h *! I M l*' ! ■ j * u tm A ' iiiii»MiM>iany years did good service on the lake, was constructed the same year at Niagara by Capt Richardson. She had a burthen of 400 tons, and was specially built with a bow of peculiar construction to enable her to plough her way through the ice. The Administrator, a steamer of ecjual size, was built about the same date. The Wetland, of 300 tons burthen, was also launched in 1842. She plied on various routes until destroyed by fire in 1856. The Lady of the Lake, subsequently the Queen City, was built in 1843 for the American Steamboat Company, and put o\\ the Toronto-Niagara route. She was at first regarded as th ■ fniest and swiftest boat on the lake, but her pre-eminence was of short duration for another new vessel, the Commerce, accomplished her trial trip between Niagara and Toronto in shorter time than that made by the Lady of the Lake, and was thenceforth known as the Eclipse, as having thrown all rivals into the shade. .At this time the Oswego line of lake boats were running daily trips between Oswego and New York, and the Canadian boats were run in connection with them and a large volume of traffic in freight and passengers was built up. Mr. George IJrquhart was agent in Toronto for the Oswego line. Another indication of the growth of international forwarding traffic was the establishment in 1*^44 of a steamboat route between Chippewa and Hufli'alo, connecting with the newly built railway from the former point to Queenston, and at that place with the Toronto boats. • • The number of steamers placed on the lake routes, combined with the dullness in busi- ness, caused a serious reaction from the prosperity which for some years had characterized the shipping traffic. Fares and freight rates were greatly reduced and a ruinous competi- tion between the rival steamboat proprietors set in. During the season of 1846, fare to mtimp' jj|lfii;i? : BOARD OF TRADE Kingston was reduced to one dollar, and passengers were conveyed from Toronto to Hamilton for a shilling. This state of affairs, however, was not of long duration, and before long the competition had run its course and the price of travel reverted to a scale which, while fairly remunerative to the vessel owners, was less open to the charge of being extortionate than the figures formerly in vogue. The year 1847 is a somewhat notable one in the annals of the lake marine, as it saw the construction of two iron steamers of a superior class, which still hold a leading position. They are the Passport -AniX the Mapwty now belonging to the fleet of the Richelieu and Ontario Navigation Company. The J assport was owned by Hon. John Hamilton, and her trial trip is mentioned as having broken all previous records. The Magnet was launched at Niagara shortly afterwards, one of the largest shareholders in the enterprise being Mr. Gunn, of Hamilton. The materials of which she was made were imported from England, and the experiment was watched with much interest. Its success added greatly to the prestige of the Niagara Dock Company, and Capt. Sutherland who superintended her construction. These two steamers more than justified the sanguine expectations of their proprietors, and their success marked a new era in hike navigation as proving the superiority of iron as a material for steamboat construction, both as regards swiftness and durability. Another iron vessel, the Peerless^ was placed on the Niagara route in 1H55. She was constructed on the Clyde, and having been shipped to this country in sections, was put together again by Capt. Dick in Niagara. Her successor was the ill-fated Zim- j/wniian, which was destroyed by fire at the Niagara wharf on August 21st, 1863. By a singular fatality, the City of Tor on ti the second boat of that name, built at Niagara for Capt. Duncan Milloy and others, to take the place of the Zimtnerman, met the same fate, being burned at Port Dalhousie, in the year 1884. A well-known contemporary of the CitVy was the fast-sailing steamer Rothesay Castle, originally built for a blockade runner during the American War. Shortly after the termination of the struggle, she was brought to Lake Ontario, and for many years ran between Toronto and Niagara River. She was subsequently known as the Southern Belles and was withdrawn in 1884. Of late years, the facilities for tralVic between Toronto and the Niagara River have been very greatly increased by the construction o'i a superior class of steamers, and the greater frequency of trips. The Niagara Navigation Company has given the public an excellent service on this important route, and done much to popularize summer passenger travel in this direction, bv the admirable accommodations provided at an extremely reasonable rate. The company began operations about 1881, when the Chieora was put c i the route. Some five years since, the Cibola was added to meet the demands of an increasing traffic, and more recently the magnificent steamers Chippeioa and the Hongiani, have been put on. During the height of the present season, these vessels made six trips daily each way. The officers of the company are Hon. Frank Smith, President; Harlow Cumberland, Vice-President; and John Foy, Manager. Mr. Cumberland is also agent for several ocean and inland steamship lines. The Niagara Falls Line, of which A. W. Hepburn, Picton, is General Manager, and Capt. N.J. Wigle, Toronto, Associate Manager, runs to the Niagara River, calling at Port Dalhousie, where connection is made with the Grand Trunk railway system. Their vessels comprise the /w^/Tf'.?.? o//«f//V/, which has been on the route since 1884, and the Lakeside and Garden City. The latter vessel does not ply regularly on the route, but is largely used as an excursion boat. Four trips a day are made by this line. An important feature of the company's trafiic is the large quantities of fruit brought over from the orchards and vineyards of the Niagara District for Toronto consumption. ARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUMBER. d from Toronto to long duration, and 1 reverted to a scale the charge of being ce marine, as it saw d a leading position, jf the Richelieu and I Hamilton, and her 'agiivt was launched he enterprise being lere imported from iccess added greatly 1 who superintended nine expectations oi ition as proving the gards swiftness and igara route in 1H55. country in sections, s the ill-fated Zim- it 2 1 St, 1863. By a luilt at Niagara for met the same fate, jntemporary of the r a blockade rimner le, she was brought a River. She was Of late years, the been very greatly ireater frequency of ent service on this in this direction, ate. The company Some tive years and more recently on. I")uring the The olhcers of the 'resident ; and John k1 steamship lines, eral Manager, and a River, calling at vay system. Their ince 1884, and the »n the route, but is iiie. .An important pfht over from the The construction of the Niagara Falls Park and River railway, rendering all points along the river from Chippewa to Queenston readily accessible and affording an ever- changing panorama of the grandest scenery, has given a marked impetus to excursion travel. The cheapness and facility of access now offered by means of the electric railway and frequent steamboat connection, have vastly increased the numbers who throng 10 view the splendors of Niagara and greatly conduced to the prosperity of the steamboat interests concerned in this important branch of traffic. As further improvements are made looking to the increased convenience of the public, a further expansion may be confidently expected during the next few years. Reference has already been made to the steamers Passport and Magnet, which now form part of the flotilla of the Richelieu and Ontario Navigation Company, a long eslab- lished institution, which occupies a commanding position in connection \vi the inland marine of Canada. What is now the Western Division of the Richelieu and Ontario Com- panys' system was formerly known as the Canadian Navigation Company, and under that name took a prominent part in developing the traffic between Montreal and the Lake Ontario ports. The interests of the company are widely extended, their routes reading from the Saguenay to the head of Lake Ontario, a distance of over 800 miles, and they run in all twenty-seven steamers. The line between Toronto and Montreal comprises the large and handsomely appointed steamers Passport, Corsican, Spartan and Algerian. The route this year has been extended to Hamilton, and the Magnet, which has been re-fitted throughout, placed on this service. The company's officials are N, K. Connolly, Quebec, President ; W. W. Wainwright, Montreal, Vice-President; Julian Chabot, General Man- ager; Alex. Milloy, Traffic Manager; and W. F. Cloney, General Passenger Agent. J. F. Dolan ably represents the company's interests in Toronto. The Hamilton Steamboat Company, of which Mr. J. B. Griffith of Hamilton is Man- ager, owns the fine steamers Modjeska and Maceassa, plying regularly between Toronto and the .Ambitious City. The .»• earner Cannona, owned by the Canada Lake Superior Transit Company, was put on the route to Rochester this seabon. Messrs. Sylvester Bros., an old established firm, who have been engaged in shipping ever since 1869, own the steamer Shick/iina, and a couple of scliooners, having a total carrying capacitv of about 70,000 bushels, employed in general freight business. .An important feature of local traffic is the business done by the Island Ferry Com- pany, in conveying' passengers and freight to this popular resort, the summer home of many hundreds of the citizens. The facilities for reaching the Island have been very greatly improved during the last few years by the introduction of larger and swifter boats, especially constructed with a view to the service. The company, which was organized in 1889, is under the Presidency of Mr. F. B. Osier, with Mr. W. Hendrie, of Hamilton, as Vice-President ; Mr. W. A. Esson is Manager, and M. A. Smith, Secretary-Treasurer. They have in all eleven steamers, including the twin boats Primrose and Mayjiower, built in i8go, 114 by 28 feet, capable of carrying 900 passengers each. The traffic has been greatly systematized, and the arrangements in every respect bettered since the company undertook to provide the present eflicient service. The importance of inarine freight traffic has oi late years been declining, not only relatively, but absolutely, as a larger proportion of the volume of the forwarding trade is engrossed by the railways. The great bulk of the grain, flour, lumber and other staples of produce, now reacli their destination by rail. One reason assigned for the preference of the railroad as a means of grain shipment, is the convenience of forwarding in small quan- wmam BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUA titles. The vessels employed in the grain trade are now of much greater capacity than formerly, and consequently unavailable for the small and frequent consignments required in the course of trade. At present, the coal carrying trade is the principal resource of sailing vessel owners. In 1892, the following were the principal shipments arriving in Toronto horbor by steamers and sailing vessels : general merchandise, io,8i8Vi tons ; coal, 161,559 tons; stone, 407'.> loise ; building stone, 1,015 tons; fruit, 3,763 barrels; 7,653 boxes, and 105,134 baskets; bricks, 1,103,000; lumber, 162,000 b. m. ; grain, 66,970 bushels. The necessity for the preservation of the harbor of Toronto from destruction by silting up of sand, which threatened to block the Western channel as well as the entrance by the Eastern gap, early attracted attention. In 1883 a select committee of the Upper Canada Legislature considered the subject. In 1847, Mr. C. S. Gzowski reported that the channel had been narrowed by the formation of sand-bars to 250 feet. Messrs. Sandford Fleming, Walter Shanly, Kivas TuUy, and other eminent men investigated the question from time to time, bu great differences of opinion as to the remedies to be adopted prevailed. In 1882, Gen. lames H. Eads, an American expert of renown made an elaborate investigation, and his report urged the necessity of immediate action. He recommended the closing ot both the existing ch-mnels, and the cutting of a new entrance across the Western portion of the Island. This recommendation was not adopted, but the other measures he urged were carried out. An extensive stone breakwater was constructed along the lake-front ot the Eastern portion of the Island, and both the entrances protected by heavy crib-work against the destructive action of the waves. These operations which are not yet altogether com- pleted have been carried on at a cost of several hundred thousand dollars. Before turning to the more impor'ant branch of the subject, a brief reference may be made to the local representatives of the great ocean steamship lines. Mr. Henry C. Bour- lier has for many years had charge of the interests of the Allan Line as (ieneral Pas'^enger Agent. Mr. George \V. Torrance is Agent for the well-known Dominion Line. The Passenger .\gent for the Anchor Line is Mr. George McMurrich. Mr. T. W. Jones has represented the While Star Line since 1874 and was appointed General Canadian Agent in 1882. Mr. .Alex. F. Webster does business for the Cunard and several other lines. The interests of the Beaver Line are in the hands of Mr. Frederich H. Gooch. Mr. Barlow Cumberland has the ."Xgency for the French, American, and oilier companies. Previous to the railroad era, the highways of the Province were as a rule so bad that very little conveyance of heavy freight for long distances was practicable or remunerative. In 1793, an act was passed at Niagara, placing the roads under road-masters appointed by the rate-paying citizens. The power of opening new roads or altering the course ot old ones was vested in the Quarter Sessions. It has since been transferred to the County Councils. The first Government appropriation for roads was made in 1804, when ^,1,000 was granted. Between the years 1830 and 1833 inclusive, an outlay of $512,000 was devoted to road construction and improvement. The highway from Toronto to Kingston was opened up in 1800 by an American contractor named Dantford. But for a long time the roads were frequently impassable for heavy vehicles in many places excepting in the winter, as little had been done except to grade them and bridge the swamps after the primitive fashion oi laying down the trunks of trees across the road way. After every thaw or heavy rain the mud was so deep that travel was always slow and toilsome, and sometimes impossible. As late as 1837, the only macadamized road near Toronto was about twelve miles of ^'onge street. In 1816 a stage line began running between Toronto and Niagara, th conveyed betwe ran a line of sta Quint»^, twice a and Hamilton, 1 by day-light on LJnder the ; the trip betweer mailed from one It is only b; present generat commercial life country dates fr afterwards kno played such an persistence of A" project. The 1 Morrison, M.P Charles Berczy, was appointed 1 before the work The contr: 1850, and on O assisted by Ma; 1852, the locom trip or. ;i portio opened on the trafiic by the i opened to Barri the hands of c were destined t land was appoi Aurora. He h Meanwhile the Ontario, Simco Railway, which In 1857, $249,695, show year was 65,9; reduced the re President, visit the continuanci year, a connect of his invaluab development ol the first year o land's constant DE SOUVENIR NUMBER. '3' and Niaf^'iira, the time occupied on tiie journey beinj;- four days. In 1824, liie mails were conveyed between the same points via Ancaster in three days. William Weller in 1830 ran a line of staj^es between Toronto and the " Carrying- Place," at the head of the Hay of Quinte, twice a week. Five years later he appears as proprietor of a line between Toronto and Hamilton, known as the " Telegraph Line," advertising to take passengers "through by day-light on the Lake Road, during the winter season." Under the stage-coach regime, four and a half days were required, and often more, for the trip between Toronto and Montreal. To obtain a reply by return mail to a letter mailed from one place to tiie other, involved a period of at least ten and often fifteen days. It is only by the rehearsal of such details from the annals of the past, that we of the present generation can thoroughly realize the significance of the vast changes in social and commercial life wrought by the introduction of steam power. Railroad history in this country dates from the charter granted to the Toronto, Sarnia and Lake Huron Railway, afterwards known as the Northern, in 1849. The inception of this enterprise, which lias played such an important part in the development of Toronto, is due to the foresight and persistence ol Mr. F. C. Capreol, who interested a number of ii^ij,(ish capitalists in the project. The Hoard of Directors named in the charter were, Robert E. Burns, Joseph C. Morrison, M.P.P., Benjamin Holmes, M.P.P., Albert I'\irniss, H. J. Houlton, M.P.P., Charles Berczy, Joseph D. Ridout, John Hibbert, Jr., and George Barrow. Mr. Capreol was appointed manager, but owing to a disagreement with the directors, lost that position before the work was commenced. The contract for the construction of the line was signed on the 24th of December, 1850, and on October 5th, 185 1, the first sod of the Railway was turned by Lady Elgin, assisted by Mayor Bowes, who appeared in full oilicial costume. On the 6th of October, 1852, the locomotive " Lady Elgin " the first engine run in l^pper Canada — made a trial trip or. a portion of the line. The road from Toronto to Aurora, a distance of 30 miles, was opened on the i6lh of May, 1853. A further section, reaching Bradford, was ready for traffic by the 13th of June; and on the iith of October in the same year, the line was opened to Barrie, sixty-three miles from Toronto. The work of construction was now in the hands of one whose engineering skill, executive capacity and talent for organization, were destined to secure the success of the enterprise. Col. Frederick William Cumber- land was appointed Chief Engineer in 1852, and undertook tlie completion of the road from Aurora. He located the line North from Barrie, and pushed it to Collingwood in 1854. Meanwhile the name of the line had been changed from that first adopted to that of the Ontario, Simcoc and Huron, and in 1855 this again was replaced by that of the Northern Railway, which it bore until its absorption by the Grand Trunk. In 1857, the income of the Northern was $313,291, and the working expenses $249,695, showing a profit of $63,596. The number of tons of freight carried during the year was 65,937. The period of commercial prostration which set in about that time reduced the road to a condition of bankruptcy. In 1858, Col. Cumberland, then \'ice- President, visited Britain and induced the English investors by further advances to ensure the continuance of the enterprise. He was appointed Managing Director the following year, a connection which endured for twenty-two years, until death deprived the company of his invaluable services. He reconstructed the railway and devoted every energy to the development of the local interests and the economical and eflficient working of the line. In the first year of his management, the company realized a profit of $58,859. Col. Cumber- land's constant efforts were directed to the creation of branch lines, which should open up m HM li 1 i i •32 BOARD OF TRADE new areas of country and swell the volume of tralVic. in 1H72, tiie line was extended from Collin^wood to Meaford, thus giving it two ports on the (leorgian Bay. In 1H75, it was pushed through Muskoka as far as Huntsville. These and other extensions contributed greatly to the development of the lumber trallic as well as to the settlement v\i. the country, and as a natural consetjuence to the building up of the trade of Toronto as a distributing and forwarding point. The total cost of construction of the Northern and its branch lines was $8,8(17,168, towards which the Province of Ontario contributed $196,188, and the various municipalities interested $631,980 in bonuses. Just before his death, Col. Cumberland had completed the organization for the construction of the Callendar Branch, by which Toronto is connected with the main line of the Canadian Pacific. Though the charter of the Great Western Railway was granted on March 29th, '845, some years previous to that of the Northern, it was not constructed until some time after- wards. The line between Toronto and Hamilton was thrown open for traffic in 1854. Its subsequent extension to Sarnia, opened up a rich and well settled portion of the Ontario peninsula, a large share of the trade of which was drawn to Toronto. In accordance with the process of consolidation of interests and the absorption of smaller local enterprises by the larger, which early began to characterize the railroad system, the (Ireat Western acquired by lease or amalgamation numerous other lines forming a net work throughout Western Ontario, until at the time it was itself absorbed by the Grand Trunk in August, 1882, the Great Western system comprised in all 824 miles. A great impetus to the development of the commercial interests of the country was given by the construction oi the Grand Trunk Railway. It is hardly possible to estimate what the Province of Ontario in particular owes to this enterprise, which has been the backbone so to speak of the entire system of communication, and until very recent years the only means by which long-distance traftic between the west and the seaboard could be carried on during the winter. The charter for the Grand Trunk Railway was obtained in 185'. The first prospectus of the company was issued in 1853. In this document appear the names of Sir C. P. Rooney, General Director ; S. B. Biggar, General Manager, and A. M. Ross, Chief Engineer. The first portion of the line constructed was that from Montreal to Portland, which was opened for traffic in June, 1853. In the same year, the firm of Messrs. CJzowski & Macpherson obtained the contract for the construction of the line from Toronto westward to Sarnia. The line from Montreal to Brockville was thrown open in 1855. The work of construction proceeded vigorously, and every exertion was made to complete the connection with Western Canada. On the 12th and 13th of November, 1856, — days long to be remembered in the railway annals of the Dominion - great festivities in the two cities marked the occasion of the opening of railroad communi- cation between Montreal and Toronto. A short time previous, the western section as far as Guelph had been put in operation, thereby opening a rich and prosperous district of the Province to the enterprise of the commercial centres. The people who had long felt the disadvantages arising from a lack of the means of transportation eagerly availed them- selves of the facilities offered them. In 1857, a total of 37,712 tons of freight was received over the Grand Trunk Railway at Toronto, and 35,599 tons forwarded from the same point. The passenger traffic for the year at Toronto Station, both inwards and outwards amounted to 112,256 for the Eastern, and 81,452 for the Western Division of the road. The line was opened through to Sarnia in 1858. Mr. C. J. Brydges, at an early date in the history of the railway, became General Manager. The financial crisis which caused a general stagnation in business, proved I BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUMBER. ine was extended from Hay. In 1S75, it was I'xtensions contributed lenient of the country, :> as a distributing- and .1 its brancii lines was 5, 18S, and the various th, Col. Cumberland idar Branch, by which on March 29th, '845, intil some time after- or traffic in 1854. Its lortion of the Ontario In accordance with ;r local enterprises by the Great Western net work throughout and Trunk in August, its of the country was y possible to estimate which has been the ntil very recent years d the seaboard could Railway was obtained In this document ar. General Manager, Tucted was that from In the same year, the e construction of the il to Brockville was y, and every exertion 1 the 1 2th and 13th of Is of the Dominion - of railroad communi- vestern section as far perous district of the who had long felt the iagerly availed them- freig-ht was received rded from the same iwards and outwards )ivision of the road. vay, became General in business, proved disastrous to railroad enterprises, and Mr. Brydges was entrusted with the arduous task of effecting- a reconstruction in the management, so as to secure better financial results. He did much to perfe^i the system and proved himself a capable administrator. He was suc- ceeded in 1874 by Mr. (now Sir Joseph) Hickson, whose honors are a recog-nition of the brilliant and efficient services he rendered during his long term of management. His first connection with the road was in 1862, when he was appointed to the responsible position ol Chief .Accountant. Shortly afterwards he became Secretary-Treasurer, in which post he had the opportunity of developing the executive capacity which characterized his career as manager. He early recognized the necessity of securing a connection with the American railway system, and to secure this object effected a change of gauge to that generally adopted by the United States lines. After a determined contest, he succeeded in securing an entrance into Chicago, and making American connections which obtained for the road a very considerable increase of traffic. During Sir Joseph's administration, the mileage of the Grand Trunk system has been increased, mainly by the absorption of other lines, from ^2!^Z to 3487 niiles, by which large and productive districts have been made tributary to the company. On Sir Joseph Hickson's retirement in i8go, he was succeeded as general manager, by Mr. Lewis James Seargeant, whose capacity for the position had been thoroughly tested during his term of service as traffic manager. During the year ending June 30th, i8qi. the Grand Trunk carried s.qoS.gS; passen- gers, and handled 7,736,009 tons of freight. The gross earnings of the line were $17,423,860, their operatingexpenses $12,621,478, and their net earnings $4,802,381. The number of men employed is about twenty thousand. The company is governed by a Hoard of Directors, most of whom are Hnglish, Sir Henry W. Tyler, M.P., being President. The Canadian members of the Hoard are • Charles J. Campbell and Hon. Frank Smith, of Toronto, and Duncan Mclntyre, of Mont- real. The local interests of the road are in the hands of Kdmund VVragge' Local Man- ager ; Arthur White, District General Freight Agent for the Central District, and John Larls, District General Freight Agent for the Western Dinsion. The general freight offices of the company are in the Hoard of Trade Building, \'onge street. About the year 1868. an agitation began in Toronto for the construction of local narrow-gauge Imes of railway for the purpose of tapping a large extent of countrv to the north and north-west oi the city that had not been reached by existin- lines The prin c.pal promoter of the movement was the late Mr. George Laidlaw to whose indefati-ahle enei-gy and perseverance in placing the benefits of the project before the public the "com pletion ot the enterprise was mainly due. The outcome was the construction of Jhe Toron- to, Grey and Bruce line to Owen Sound, and the Toronto and Nipissing to Coboconk. the roads bemg bonused by the city to the extent of $.30,000 and $,30,000 respectivelv and also rece.vmg extensive bonuses from the municipalities through' which they ran ' ' The narrow-gauge roads, though they undoubtedly did something to build up the trade of Toronto and secure an outlet for the produce of the tributary region, proved failures hnancal y, and were ult.mately merged into the larger systems, the T. G and B falling .nto the hands of the Canadian Pacific, and the Nipissing becoming a portion of th d^ land, owned by the Grand Trunk. The same fate betel a later etiterprise of similar descnptton also promoted by Mr. Laidlaw, - the Credit Valley Railway to St Thomas completed m .881, by means of liberal city and local bonuses. ^After a hort a id t 0!"^ independent existence, it was merged into the Canadian Pacific The great trans-continental railway system, having a total mileage worked and under BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUMBER. construction of 70ns miles, is connected with Toronto by means of the Ontario and Quebec Division, formerly the Ontario and Quebec railway, wiiich was opened between Montreal and Toronto on August nth, 18H4. Tlie history of this stupendous enterprise, carried throuf^h in the face of the most formidable en^'ineerinjj and political obstacles, requirinjf the most persistent enerjjy and determination, the clearest ioresij,'ht and the lirinest faith in the future jjreatncss of Canada, is so intervowen with the history of the Dominion, and so fresh in the minds of men, that to attempt to recount tlie leading? events <^S. its progress in detail would be superlluous. Moreover, the national character of the undertaking places such a survey somewhat beyond the immediate scope of the present work. The main line of the Canadian I'acific from Montreal to Vancouver, was opened for traflic in June, iSS(). On the 2.Sth of that montii, the first train bound for the Pacific coast, left Mi>Mlreal amid salvoes of artillery and other appropriate celebrations. The securing of a Canadian route to Manitoba and the North West has greatly stimulated the manufacturing interests of Toronto, and oponed up a large and constantly increasing market among the sef'^'-s for agricultural implements and other manufactured articles which would otherwise '1; ;en supplied by the United States. The traffic of the Canadian Pacific has rapidly increased during the time u .las been in operation. The earnings from passenger trallic have risen steadily from $3,4 , ;,8iH in 1SS7, to 85,556,316 in i8c)2; the earnings from freight have doubled within the same period, being $13,330,540 for last ye ir, as ci>nipared with $6,924,130111 1.S.S7.* The expenses increased from $8,102,294 to $12,989,004, and the net earnings from $3,504,118 to $8,420,347. The gross earning from all sources last year, were $21,409,351. The total cost of the main line — without including the (lovernment line taken over by the company, valued at $35,000,^00 was $i33,47c),8()2. The cost of the lines acquired or h Id under perpetual lease, was ri9,79S,374, and that of the branch lines $1 i,6()2, 31c), making an aggregate of $164,940,55;-. This splendid record is mainly attributable to the energy, far-sightedness and capacity f\ir organization o'i the President, Mr. W. C. \'an lloriie, ably seconded by the zeal and efficiency of his subordinates. In all the details ol tlie management of this gigantic enter- prise, the influence of the master mind makes itself everywhere telt. The road has recently obtained direct access to the water-front of Toronto by way of the Don impro\e- ment, thereby avoiding the detour it was necessary to make in entering the city from West Toronto Junction. Existing station accommodations being insullicient, arrangements have been made between the company and the Grand Trunk for the alteration and extension of the present Union Station, located on the Ksplanade between York and Simcoe streets, tiround has already been broken for the new building, which will extend Northwards of the present site to Front street, and will be a commodious and handsome structure, amply sufficient for the increasing demands of traffic for many years to come. The building now in use was constructed in 1872, by John Shedden. It i.-; of white brick, and its lofty and conspicuous central tower is a familiar landmark. The Canadian members of the C.P.R. directorate are as follows: Sir Donald .\. Smith, M.P., William C. Van Home, Richard B. .Angus, and Thomas G. Shaughnessy, of Montreal ; Edmund B. Osier, Lieut. -Governor George \. Kirkpatrick, and Wilmot D. Matthews, of Toronto; Sandford Fleming, C.M.G., Ottawa; Hon. Donald Maclnnes, Hamilton ; and Thomas Skinner, London. * These figures are taken from the annual report of the C. P. K. for 1892. The General Superintendent of 1 1 Other officials resident in Toronto Manager ; John N. .Sutherland, Genen Traffic, and W. R. Callaway, District are located at No. 1 12-118 King strei of Trade Building. The rapid expansion and growth large adjoining areas, and the buildinj; the excellent .service given for many y become .ui indispensable feature of 111 the health and well-being of the comi centre of the city and the remoter sei expansion of the homes of the populat in the central districts, and the cres advantages of living in pleasant and tenement-house .system with its una' has been highly favored. No city ha portation, and our street railway syste interests and convenience of the public The old Street Railway Comp; granted to .Alexander Easton and othe to the city was an annual licen.se fee dred dollars per mile of single trad repair of the pavements required in c of track was in operation. The num the gross receipts $30,310. In i88( passengers were carried, and the recei Toronto's population more than doubl way traffic grew in vastly greater ] number of passengers 16,310,444, include the twelve months ending portion of the thirty years term of occupied the position of President, mainly due to his shrewdness, foresig The city, in accordance with the <>n the 20th of May, 1891, paying I The road was operated by the city ui to the Toronto Railway Company annual rental of $800 per mile oi receipts varying from 8 to 20 per c increase. Shortly after the purchast making investigations as to the best agitation, the trolley system was fin;i trolley car was put in operation on C road had been converted to the i.Il electricity v\ith motor cars, that lia\ line is worked by horse-power for tin ^3L HER. '33 I Siiporinleiulont ot the Ontario and Quebec Division is J. W. Leonard. resilient in I'oronto are : G. M. Hoswortli, Assistant Freiifiit Traflic \. Siitlu'riaiul, (ioneral I'reificht y\f,'ent ; Henry IK-atty. Mana^-^er oF Lals e.fjht miles in len^nh. The lon.^a^st line is that on Kin^j street, reachin^^ from M.«:h lark at the extreme west to Victoria Park in the east, the round trip coverinif a distance o( 17'.. miles. The power station is located at the lunction ,^i Frederick and Front streets lis equip- ment consists of live Arminjr.on and Sims 600 horse-power en^Miies, four of which were specially manufactured for this plant. These are connected directiv with ten -on K W lulison standard generators. The company's new motor-house o( red brick and stone 140 by ,05 feet, on the corner of iMcderick and I.spianade street, is nearlv completed' I he company owns .,5 motorcars. ,.,3 box cars, and 8., open cars, all its 'roiliiu^ stock beniH: manufactured at its own shops, on the corner ol I'Vont and l-Vederick streets WARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUMJIER. liles of track in use ; i«,4.V). TIk- belt line treet, reacliinj,' from oiinci trip coveriiijj a It streets. Its eijuip- !, four of which were with ten joci K. VV. red brick aiic! stone, is nearly completed. all its rollinjf stock d I'Vederick streets. The employees enf,'ajred in operating' the road number upwards y^i six hundred The authorized capital stock ^^'^ the company is .1>f),()ot),oo(). Its oll'icials comprise • William .McKenzie, President ; Henry A. ICverell. Vice-President and Manaj^nn^^ Director; J. C. (irace, Secretary-Treasurer; James (iunn, .Superintendent ; and VV. K. Davis, Klec- trical l':n},nncer. Mr. ICverett is well-known as beinj,' also Vice-President and' (u!-,,il recently) (ieneral .VFanaf^or of the Montreal .Street Railway. President of the London, Onl'. Street Railway, and President of the Cleveland I-lectric Railway fompany. The practical experience which he has gained elsewhere in rejrard to the workinjr of the electric system, has been o( i,'reat value in connection with its introduction here. Mr. Grace is a native of /Xdolphuslown, and a lawyer by profession. He was appointed to his present position last vear, and the aptitude he has displayed in masterini,'- the complex details of the system indicates the wisdom of the selection. WmW^^ BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NU. FRKDERIC ROPKR. M«. FKKiiKkU' RoPKK, Secretary and Treasurer of the I^ominion Telegraph Company, and Public Auditor, etc., Quebec Bank Chambers, No. 2 Toronto Street, was born in London, Knjjland, on September 1, 1840, and came to Canada with his parents when six years of aije. Mis latlier, who was a native f Walworth. Surrey, Kni^land, was a West India merchant ; his mother Kni^'land. After a residence farm near Stratford, Ont., the w liere Mr. Roper was edu- mar School. He commenced 27, 1834, in the employ of Company, in the .Audit Oilice Hamilton, and later, he lillcd Iin.'>- Auditor, .\fter spending;- the service of that Company appointment of Chief .\c- wari.1 Island tio\ernment Charlottetown for ,".bout a to Toronto in th.e autumn of larysliip of the nominion position, as also that of he has held ever since, (^on- and a half (in uSSo and uSS was born in Manchester, oi four years on a bush family removed to Hamilton, cated at Dr. Tassie's Ciram- his business career on April the Cireat Western Railway and Secretary's OHice at the position of Chief Travel- nearly twenty-one years in he resitjned, to accept the countant of the Prince Ed- Railway, and resided at year. Thence he removed 1S75 ^^ assume the Secre- Telei;raph Company, which Treasurer of the Company, currently he was, for a year ,111V. .. ...I.. V..1 ...i.w .,, the .\uditor and Superintendent of Supplies of the .American Union Telegraph Company, New York city, until that Company joined with the Western L'nion Telei;raph Company, when lor ten }ears he was Secretary and .Auditor of the Ci. N. W. Telci^raph Company in Toronto. Mr. Roper joined the Hoard of Trade in 1887. Mr. Har pany, is one o in the city. C less into cont: has by his tad that ma.-y m State of New county school 1844 he comm country j^eneri thinsj was sol Canada in 184! Montreal, Que has remained times luitil he President and which owes to day a model o cheapness of s proud. Duri some im porta 'or of the Mid is a Director c Electric Conif from politics a ARlIll R WlilTK. Mr. .Artiiir Whiti;, Central District l-'reis^ht .Ai^ent, Cirand Trunk Railway, Board of Trade Buildin^-s, was born at Hadleii^^h, Suffolk, luigland, on the 17th of November, 1841. His father was a maltster at Hadleii;h, and his mother was a daughter of W. Bryer of the sauK place, a magistrate. He was L^ducatod ;it the Hiiijh School, Hadleiji^-h, and came to Canada when he was iq years , , of age. commencing; his com- mercial career in Toronto in T. R. freii^ht sheds. Previous hail been an oilice boy and thi.' tireat Eastern Railway a short time speiii in the sent to Ciuelph as I-'rciicht si:bseciuently Loc;d (ieneral TralVic Manager oi the Mid- and Is now Central District lu'ad tpiarters, Torotito Mr. thian Lodge, Peterboro., Independent. Mr. White oc- Consul of I'ruguay. • He has Canadian .Militia, having tant in theCJrand Trunk Bri- 1860 as a checker in the Ci. to tiiat, however, Mr. \A'hite tiien a clerk in the employ of Company of England. After Toronto freight sheds, he was .Agent (i. T. R.. and was I-'r^ight Agent at Hamilton, land Railway at Peterboro', Freight .Agent, CL T. R., White is a member of Corin- .A. 1-". A. .M., and politically is cupies the position of Vice- h.id some experience in the been a lieutenant and atlju- gade, retiring and retaining of Trade in 1873, and has rank. He joined the Board *— always taken an acti'.e interest in al! i.iatisrs coming before that body atVecling the trans- port: 'ion facilities oi T'>ronto. .Mr. White takes \ ery littie interest in general politics unless when he sees i, .portant ques'ion; coi.'.ing up which miglit require the intervention of all trood citizen.-;. C.\PTAI\ of the Canadi Nova Scotia, Scotland, and at Halilax, aft of Mr. John ? of the militar mother was a daughter of tl years rector ot educated at ll after compli>t took up farmi wards, havin and secoml r ronto under Ci instructor foi years previou captain and ; from that C( erland comnu clerk on the joint ticket ag station maste the opening o *tiKHmmm!! r ' . DE SOUVENIR NUMBER. 135 MR. HARVEV PRI>:XT1CK DWIC.HT. Mr. Harvkv Pkkntick nwuiirr, President of the Great Northwest Telegraph Com- pany, is one of tiie business men of Toronto who is known by name to almost everybody in the city. Occupying a very responsible position, a position which brings him more or less into contact with commercial and public men generally throughout the I")ominion, he has by his tact and geniality , won for himself a reputation that mai'y may envy. Mr. Stale of New ^'orl<, in 1829, county school house imtil he 1844 he commenced his com- coimtry general store, a store tiling was sold. He learnt Canada in 184H, was engaged Montreal, Quebec, and tinally has remained ever since, be- times until lie became Gene- President and General Mana- which owes to him its extent day a model of elliciency and cherpiiess of serxice of wiiicli proud. During his career some important public posi- Dwight was born at Oswego, receiving his education in the was fourteen years old. In mercial career as clerk in a in which pretty nearly every- teiegrapiiing and coming to as an operator at Belleville, in 1S50 at Toronto, where he ing promoted at various ral Superintendent and finally ger ^.^i tlie great Company, and completeness, and is to- effectiveness combined with the country may justly feel Mr. Ihvight has occupied tions. He has been a Direc- or of the Midland Railway ; the \'ictoria Railway ; the Toronto & Nipissing Railway, and is a Director of the Incandescent Light (^o.^ and \'ice-President of the Canadian Cieneral Klectric Company. Mr Dwight joined the Board of Trade in 1S70 and has kept aloof from politics all his life. m II CAPTAIN JOHN NKWTON .^CTHKRLAND. Captain Jtiiix Ni:vton Si-nii:Ki,ANn, General Freight Agent for the Ontario Division of the Canadian Pacific Railway, is a native Canadian, having been born at Sydney, C.B., Nova Scotia, in the year 1H43. Mr. Sutherland's father was a native of Sulherlandshire, Scotland, and cinie lo 'lis coimtry as an oflicer in owq of the T^ritish regiments tjuartered at Halifax, aftorw arc';; retired , , on the statV, and at the time land's hirih, was town major ney, C.B. Mr. Sutherland's \onsliire, l^ngland, and a Cotliii, who was for many Capt. J. N. Sutherland w -is demy of Halifax, N.S, antl (lays he can^e to Ontario and Credit at Springlield. .Xftei military life, he took his hrst at the military school in To- and was adjutant and drill Military District for the two raid in iiS()6. He was also 44th Battalion, and retired rank in iSfiS. Captain Suth- mercial life in i'ier- of the military post of Syd- mollier was a native of De- daughter of the late Rev. Dr. years rector of Lincoln Horn, educated at the Scotch Aca- after compli^ting his school took up farming on tiie River wards, having a taste for and second cl.iss ■•ertificates ronto iMider Colonel Peacock, instructor for the Niagara years previous lo the Fenian captain and adjutant of the from that corps retaining erland commenced his coni- clerk on the old CJreat Western Railway oi Canada at Suspension Bridge. He was al.so joint ticket agent for tliv Michigan Central and Great VV'estPrn Railway at Rochester, N'.V. ; station master at St. Catherines for live years, and joined the service of th'.- C. P. R. on the opening of the O. ^ Q. RaiJway. Capt. Sutherland joined the lioard of Trade in 1889. mm 136 BOARD OF TRADE SC V. BARLOW CIMBHRLAND. A familiar fiijure on the streets ot" Toronto is that of Mr. F. Harlow CfMnKRi.wn, the well-known Steamship Aj^enl. An luig'lishnian by birth, he came to Canada witii his parents at the early age of ten months, arriving in Toronto after a long and wearisome journey from New ^'ork by way of the Erie Canal, Buffalo, Chippewa and Cjueenston. Mr. Cumberland's father, the late Colonel Cumberland, civil engineer and architect, deter- mined to give his son a good education and when old enough he was sent to the Toronto Model Grammar School, o^ which Mr. (i. R. R. CocUburn, M.P., was at the time princi- pal. He was then sent to the college at Cheltenham, luigland, where he distinguished himself boih as a scholar and sportsman. It was while at Cheltenham that Mr. Cumberland won a siUer cup as the best rifle shot in competition with seven hundred college boxs. Returning to Canada, he entered Trinity University, where he graduated head of his year. ICver since he was able to rim Mr. Cumberland has been an enthusiastic admirer oi outdoor sports and games, taking an acti\e interest in them whene\er tlie opportunity offered. It was while he was at Trinity University that he, together with Mr. Fred Bethune, drew up the first Rugby football rules ever issued in Canada, and he is to-day a great K>\er of ' that manly old I'-nglish game. On graduatihg as a B. A. from Trinity University Mr. Cumberland entered the law oHice of Messrs. Osier ^: Moss, but law was not to his ^^m^ taste and he shortly relin- quished the study oi it and ^^^^HIBI'4 went into the railway busi- ness, enteriny- the service of ^H^HPi^ the old Cireat Western Rail- way of Canada under Mr. W. ^B^M^ * ^^' ^''^'"'- I'or some time he was in charge oi the yard at l^^^B^ Windsor, and subsecjuiMitly entered the employ of the .^A^^^mE" '^^'^^ Creat N'orthern Railway Company as General Freight .^^^^Hfi^ ■'"'•' Passenger Agent, which position he held for six years. Jh^^^^^Hk'I Y ''^' ^'^'^ expiration of that time he went into the steamship 4i^^^^^^^^K^iK^tr business, being principally in- terested in the boats navigat- "^HJ^^I^^HI^ «k ''^^ ^'^^' upper lakes. For eleven years ho was the '"^li^^PiP^^^^^ ^^ Manager of the Collingwood & Lake Superior Steamship < Line, when, with the co- operation of Hon. Frank Smith, he formed the Niagara Na\igation Compan\-. and is to-day its Vice-President. When the Collingwood & Lake Superior Steamship Line ceased to exist, Mr. Cumberland came '.o Toronto and established a General Tourist and Steamboat Agency. His success in the business has been most marked, his offices on \'onge street being crowded every day during the season o\ naviga- tion by a throng of callers. Busy as Mr. Cumberland's life has been, lie has found time to devote to other matters not commercial. He is a member of the Senate of Trinity Univer- sity, a past President of St. Cieorge's Society, an ex-President of the National Club, Chair- man o\' the .NLirine Section of tlie Board o\' Trade, and a member of the Council of the Board. For lifteen years he has been a member of the Board of I lie Toronto Home for Incurables. Mr. Cumberland also has some military experience In iiS()6 he was a mem- ber of the lotli Royals and accompanied the regiment to lir Niagara peninsula at the time of the Fenian raid into Canada. Retiring with the rank oi captain, he still I is a strong love for the old regiment, and is the donor of the " Cumberland Cup," which is competed for annually by the different companies of the Royal Grenadiers. Li politics M.'. Cumber- land is a staunch Liberal-Consc-v i!ve. with a strong faith in the greatness o( Canada's future as a part of the British luiipire. Socially, he is well liked and is popular among all who have the pltasure of his acquaintance. He joined the Board oi Trade in 1.S75 and is a member o'i the Council. Mr. Cumberlai)d has always taken great interest in the public questions which agLate Toronto, and his voice is always heai-d in fa\or . all measures which have for their object the well-being and prosperity of the city. In marine matters he is an authority, and to his energy and thorough knowledge is due 10 no small extent the present proud po-ition Toronto holds as the mistress of one of the finest fleets of steamers on the great lakes. known. Mr. Cumberland's office in the Dominion Bank buildinir is well '■Sd^i-'v \RD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUMBER. Clmukki.anij, the Canada with his i<^ and wearisome I and Qiieenston. J architect, deter- nt to the Toronto t t!ie lime prmci- ■ he distiiiijiiislied t Mr. Cumberland red colietje bo\s. 1 iiead of liis year. idmirer ^^i outdoor tvmitv otTered. It Hetlume, drew up 1 in Canada, and old I'-iii^lish j^ame. tv University Mr. Messrs. Osl'er iV he shortly relin- the railway busi- eat Western Rail- I'or some time he and siibsecim.Mitly Northern Railway iger Aijent, which ration of liiat time ~\n-^ principally in- iper lakes. For f the Collinjj^wood n, wiiii the co- irmed the Nlaj^ara ni^wood & Lake to and established ss has been most ;eason of navig"a- las foimd time to if Trinity I'niver- onal Club, Chair- le Cinmcil of the uronto Home for () he was a mem- iisiila at the time lill I is a strong lich is competed tics M.-. Ciimber- ness oi Canada's .ipular among all le in i, General Siiperinteiulent of the Ontario and Ouebec Division of the C. P. R., was born in 1X58, and tor a number of years has been eonnected with rail- roading. He commenced his railroad career in 1S74 as a telegrapli operator at Peterboro', Ont., on th Midhuid Railway, now a part of the Grand Trunk system. After a lapse oi four years he went to Lind- say as agent for the Victoria Railway. The following year, position of .Assistant Manager Leonard was appointed Gei- Credit Valley Railway, and Credit X'alley with the To- the Canadian Pacific Railway was appointed Assistant that capacity in Toronto and years ago he was appointed tic Division of the C. P. R., of Montreal, and on the pro- was recently appointed to his Superintendent of the Onta- Mr. Leonard has a born in every place where he has 1S7C), was appointed to the oi that road. In uSSo, .Mr. era! Passenger .Agent of the on the amalgamation of the ronto, Grey iV Bruce Railwa\', Company having control, he Superintendent, serving in in British Columbia. Three Superintendent oi the Atlan- now known as the lines east motion \.^i Mr. Thomas Tait, present position of General rio and Quebec Division, faculty for railroading, and been stationed he ha^ found a member of the Board of hosts o\ friends. He became Trade in iSq^. Since occupying his present important position in the great system of the C. P. R., Mr. Leonard has spared neither time nor trouble to make his division a reputa- tion, as is evidenced by the fact that during his period c^K oOice up to date there have been no serious accidents, and that not at the expense of speed. THOMAS TAIT. .Mr. Thomas Tait, .Assistant General Manager of the C. P. R., was born at .Melbourne, Quebec, |ulv z^,\\\, 18(14, '""-^ wav, educated at the High School, .Montreal, and matricu- lated alMctiill College, Montreal, July 1881. He entered the employ of the G. T. R., September, 1880, as a clerk in the .Audit office, Montreal. The following year lie was a clerk in the office of the the Chicago ^- Grand Trunk to .Aorii, 1883, Mr. Tail was G. f. R., at Belleville, and was clerk in the General road. I'\ir 'learly four years tarv to the \'ice-President C P. R. From September, was a cK rk in the Cieneral P. R.. and from May ^yd, was Assistant Superintendent February ist, 1889, he was the Ontario Division C. P. R. ronto. 0\\ March 12th, 1890, intendent of the Ontario and March i, 1893, received his tant General .Manager of the .Assistant to the President of Railwa}-. From Oct., 1881, a clerk in the Solicitor's office, from April to October, 1882, Manager's otTice of the same Mr. Tait was private secre- and Cieneral Manager of the 1886, to May 23rd, 1887, he Traffic .Manager's office, C. 1887, to February ist, 1889, C P. R., at .Nioos'ejaw On appointed Superintendent of with headquarters at To- he was made Cieneral Super- Quebec Division, and on present appointment of .Assis- es. P. R. To be the second on the greatest railroad in the world, and not yet thirty years of age, with only Mr. Van Home above him, is something phenomenal in the history of railroad officials. Mr. Tait became a member of the Board of Trade in 1889. On December loth, 1890, he married Miss Cockburn, daughter K.^{ Mr. George R. R. Cockburn, M.P., of Toronto .Mr. N. VVi was born at I*^cc a railway contra his education at tile service oi" t tliree years he Railway in Jan following spriiii for eighteen mo (afterwards Gen si on as his chief X: Milwaukee N short time, Mr. stations when h General Agent ; seven years, w the position of Cirey & Bruce I' three years. .A way service and on in all its bt engaged he wa agement of the was the Cieneral Cirand Trunk, appointment w was sold, Mr. imtil appointed ion Ciovernment of the Intercolc member of th tion oi the Con previous to am six years, and h the Board of Tr Mr. Weathersti Force under i^o mother and bo under age and they were accep the land grant, Cieneral I'Veight tion in which I honors in St. P; In politics Mr. way in the larg attendance to tl and has broughi Mr. Weatherstc West Indies in large proportioi of the subject of sentiment, and ready to suppor prosperity oi Ti ■■■r^rMHHRnH DE SOUVENIR NUMBER. »37 N. WKATHKRSTON. Mk. N. \Vi:atiii;rsto\, VVesteni l''ieii,rlit aiul Pa^seiitjer Ai^ent, Intercolonial Railway, was born at I'-cclos, Horwicksiiire, Scotland, on St. Valentine's Day, 1S37. His father was a railway contractor in the south of Scotland and the north of Ivnijlaiui, and after acqiiirinjf his education at Kelso and its vicinity, the subject of this sketch, at the ag'e of 14, entered the service oi" the North British Railway Company. After beinj;- with that Company for three years he came to Canada in 1^54, and entered the service of the (Ireat Western Railway in January, 1N35. He was first sent to the freight oflice at Windsor, and the followinj^' spriiif^ was transferred to Dundas, where he had charge oi the freifi^ht business for cii^hteen months. In 1S37, when Mr. W. K. .Muir was appointed Traffic Superintendent (afterwards (ieneral Manajj^'er) with head-ijuarters at Hamilton, he selected Mr. Weather- ston as his chief clerk, which position he held until Mr. Muir was transferred to the Detroit iK: Milwaukee Railway. Alter serv.nj^ Mr. Muir's successor in the same capacity for a short time, Mr. Weatherston was Line Inspector and Relieving;- .Agent for the principal stations when he was appointed Agent at (iuelph. In 1S65 he was appointed to Toronto as General Agent and remained seven years, when he was the position o'i (ieneral Su- Cire)' ^: Bruce Railway, con- three years. At this period way service and embarlced in on in all its brandies for a engaged he was induced, in agement of the (irand June- was the (ieneral Superintend- (irand Trunk. Accepting a appointment with the new was sold, Mr. Weatherston vmtil appointed to his present ion (lo\ ernment, of VVestern I of the Intercolonial Railway member of the Board i^ii in full charge in this city for offered and accepted, in 1H72, perintendent of the Toronto, tiiuiing in that position for Mr. Weatherston left rail- the grain trade, carrying it number of years. While so iSSi, to undertake the man- tion Railway, of which he ent when it was sold to the sum oi money in lieu of an company when the railway continued in the grain trade position, under the Domin- I""reight and Passenger Agent in iH many ness men o'i the (Jueen City he has no time to devote to the petty disputes of municipal matters, but is always to the front when he sees that vital questions oi importance are to be decided. .As representative o'i two of the largest passenger steamship lines of the world he has clone not a little to make them popular with his fellow-citizens. JAMKS hl'nti:r duthil. the Canadian Pacific iher immigrated to place the subject of 'ork, llaidimand County, C')nt., March 7, 1842, and was educated at the public school oi York, and afterwards under the private tuition of the late Duncan Cameron and others, acquiring a thorough knowledge of the luiglish branches and also a fair prolicienc\- in .^ classics and other studies. sivel\' engaged in lumbering River, died wiien he was o{ and training were entirely mother and his uncle, the Aftc" completing his educa- years on the farm before In 18(12 he entered the ser- Huron Railway Company, Trunk system, and has re- ever since in various posi- motion to the agencies at Toronto. .Mr. N'elles has ive Militia since the Trent holds the rank of Major in Rifles, under Lieut. -Colonel Davies. He is a Past Mas- ' ' ter of St. .Andrew's Lodge \. Y . ^ \. M. He married Miss .\gnes Thorburn, daughter of the late James Tliorburn, bv whom lie has three sons, William H. Nelles, now .Assistant Engineer on the C. P. R. ; James Franklin Xelles and Robert Bertram Nelles. He became a member of the Hoard oi Trade in 1888 and is well known to the business men of Ontario. His father, who was exten- and farming on the Grand tender age, and his education under the supt^\ision of his late Michael Harcourt, M.P. lion Mr. Xelles spent a few commencing business life, vice of the HufValo & Lake now a part oi the Cirand maineil with the Company tions ol trust until his pro- Caledonia. Hrantford and been connected with the Act- dilTiculty, and at present the 37th Hattalion Haldimand Mu. John 1 Railway Com pa is a native of Ir parents removet New York in 18 cial lite began who was a who in the jtractical 1 the SI r\ ice o'i tl late .Mr. P. S. S energy aiul anili to forge aheail. spent three year ant at Portland, .Montreal, and I Cienera! l""reight the C. r. R.' sy he has continuet cers o'( the Ci important posit of the CI. T. I« comprising the ( mated lines, an In addition to ll Mr. Ivarls has t ditions oi freigh originators of tli Canada, {o{ whi instrumental in Canada of the C mil tee, which form freight cla successful that and has been at Cio\ ernor Cieiiei of Canada. Mi zaiion, and w;i been on the Ht part in c!iinx"h a Churcii, preside Summer Resort one of the mo>- only on the Co that strict sens entire merc;uitil the Cirand Tru holding fhe gre one o'( the pioiu formed to adju with his coiiea Heing a thoro there is in Can Earls takes no bis time and at authorities whe I mA ?/i SOUVENIR NUMBER ' .V) JOHN l-:.\RF.S. Mk. John ICaki.s, one of the District General l'rcij;ht Aj^enis of the Grand Trin'k liailwa}" Conipaiiv, is well known in Canada, and also in American Railway Circles. He is a nalivo o'i Ireland, hut was educated and hroii_i;iit up in iMii^latuI, to which country his parents romoxed when he was only seven years old. The family emitjrated to Canada via New \'oi 1< in 1X54, and settled in Toronto the followinj^ year. Mr. I'-arls' active commer- cial life hej^'an at a very early a}j[e, in Manchester, luii^land, where he assisted his father, who was a wholesale Provision Merchant. .After arriving'' in Canada he spent some years in the |iractical study of buildinj^ and architecture, hut not fmdint;' this coiifj^cnial, he entered the service of the CJrand Trunk Railway Company in 1864 as shorthand amanuensis to the late .Mr. P. S. Stevenson. In General l'"reif^ht Trallic business he soon found scope for his ener«4y and ambition. Ills euLjuirin^ mint! and reaJiness of observation soon enableil him to forj^e ahead. .After a couple of years with Mr. Stevenson he was rapidly promoted, and spent three years as chief correspondintj clerk at Sarnia, hve years as cashier and account- ant at I'ortland, .Me., three years as chief clerk in the (ieneral l'"reii^ht .Aj^'ent's Oilice at .Montreal, and then recei\ed Cieneral l-'reiLiiit .Aj^'ent of the the G. T. R. .system east ot he has continued to be one o'i cers o'i the Company, and important positions. He is of the G. T. R. system in comprisin<^ the Grantl Truni'; mated lines, and footintj up In addition to liie duties pro- Mr. Karls has taken a j^reat ditions ^^i freight transporta- orii^inalors of tlie .\ssociation Canada, [o^ which he is now instrumental in the appoint- Canaila of the Canadian jonit mittee, which had for its „• ■■a 1 f/ ^ 3 -^\ . 9 ■ ^ _J L^ "% El jj^>, "^ m m^: the appi>intment as Assistant ICastern Division, comprisin<^ King'ston, since which time the h'reis^ht Ir^xecutive Olli- occupied some of its most now in chari^'e of the whole Canatla west of Toronto, and Great Western amali^a- nearly 1,500 miles of rails, per beloni^inj^ to his oHice, interest in improving the con- lion. He was one of the of General Freight Agents of president,) and was largely ment by the leading lines in Freight Classification Com- object the adoption of a uni- form freight classification and conditions of carriage by all Canadian Lines. This was so successful that as a result one of the best Frelglit C lassiiications extaiit has been produced, and lias been adopted by all Canadian and some .American Lines, and is a'.^proved b\- the CJcivernor Cieneral in Council as the standard Government Classification tor the Dominion of Canada. Mr. Ivirls has been a member oi' the Hoard oi' Trade since its present oryani- zalion, and was previously a member of the old Corn I'^xchange, and has several times been on the Hoard of .Arbitration, and member o( the Council. He also takes an active pari in church and musical matters, is one of the trustees of the Queen Stri-et Methodist Church, president of the Toronto Philharmonic Society ; also president of the Lome Park Summer Resort Company. In politics .Mr. I'^arls is a Liberal-Conservative. Representing one o\' the most important olhces in Toronto of one of the greatest railroad systems, not only on the Continent of .America but in the whole world, Mr. Ivarls has ever acted with that strict sense of justice and probity as to gain for him the respect and esteem of the entire mercantile community of the Queen Citv, and it is to his efforts in great part that the Cirand Trunk in these days of fierce railroad competition has been so successful in holding fhe greater portion of the freight traflic o( the metropolis of Western Canada. .As one of the pioneers of the General I-'reight Agents' .Association of Canada, an organization formed to adjust freight rates on a proper basis, Mr. luirls has succeeded, in conjun-jtion with his colleagues, in framing a classification of freight which stands liiirivallcd to-day. Being a thorough railway man, Mr. tvarls is one of the best posted men in railway ethics there is in Canada to-day. .Although, as already stated, he is a Liberal-Conservative, Mr. I'^arls takes no part in political discussions, his manifold and important duties requiring all his time and attention, and he only comes in contact with politicians and the Legislative authorities when the interests of his Company require him. ^1' till )>il 140 lUhlNP or TRADE SO WEN I \ m (ii:OK(iK MOKKIS HOSVVOR'III All American hy birtli, 11 Canatliaii by ailoptimi, Mu. (ii;i>Ki;K M. HuswoiMii was born in the city ol Of^dcnsbur},'^, N.\'., in 1H5H. His t'aliierwas a native of Massacluisetts, a railway man and manaj^er of elevators. Mr. Mosworth began life for himself at the ajfe of 17 as an oHice bi>y in the employ of the Ofjcdensburjj & Lake Champlaiii K. R. Co. at Ogdensburjf. l'romotii>n was rapid. I le was local cashier cliar}^e oi freij^ht receipts in ciiief clerk i.-\'i the (ieneral Cleneral Kreij^^ht .Af^ent. In Contract iii}^ Ajj^ent for the ciipyin},^ the position one the principal Western States \>{ the manner in which rail- the f^reat 'rrunk lines ^.-^i that 1 882 the Canadian Pacific .iiul Mr. Duncan Mclntyre, tile manaf^ement (-^i the road tain the services of a compe- tlie railway business ot Can- worth was reLjiiested to go C. P. R. Directors. lie was the management of the freight the following year, then in the Auditor's ollice, then Freight Department and iHHi he went to Chicago as National Despatch Line, oc- year and travelling through obtaining valuable knowledge way business is conducted on part of the United States. In began to assume prominence, who was then in charge ol at Montreal, desiring to ob- tent oILicial, conversant with ada and the States, Mr. Hos- lo Montreal and meet the then ofl'ered, and accepted, business of the road in Ontario and Quebec. Two years later Mr. Van Home appointed him (ieneral Freight Agent and later gave him the title of .Assistant l'"reight Traflic .Mana- ger in charge of all lines east of Port Arthur, which position he still holds. Mr. liosworth's headquarters are now in Toronto. He joined the Ikiard of Trade in iSHq. Mk. ship oi C the servi company were sp in the nn the tow I .second rough, ed Ma\( a seat on contestet of the R cess I'll 1 1)'. Managitij pied tlia Cirand Toronto the Mid leased to Director 1 888 \'ici of the \'ii with anti Board of Mk. John MiCJann was and was educated in the City he was twenty years of age Chicago, and continued at th; and contracting, afterwards which he has remained e\er Ksplanade Fast. Mr. Mc- ping men, all of whom have He is a member of the A'ork He joined the Hoard <)i Trade servative in politics. During Mr. McClann was connected building trade of the great pleasant as well as unpleasant life being one of interest to I-ike all old sailors he can water experiences, experi- the becoming modesty of an retired from an active life on with shipping being that of a down to the business of a less to say that he is well p; them down to the Fsplanade. engaged in the shipping bus versant with all the details of JOHN .McCiANX. born in the year iS_'() in the Town of Little York, Toronto, Public .Schools. He commenced his commercial career when as a mariner on the lakes, sailing between Kingston and It until i8(k) when he engaged in the business of shipbuilding becoming a hotel keeper, at since, his hotel being o\\ the (lann is well known to s\>\^- a good word to say for him. Pioneers and a I'reemason. in 1883 and is strongly Con- llie twenty years or more th:it with the shipping and ship- lakes he experienced some adventures, that period of his others as well as to himself, tell many a tale ot his fresh ences which he relates with old sailor. Now that he has the lakes, his only connection shipbroker, and has settled hotelkeeper, it is almost need- i ronized by his old friends and by all whose business takes His house is a well known resort of mariners and of those iness, where they are made welcome. Mr. McClann is con- the business, and is a pleasant, social gentleman. Mk. previousi; througho born in T I'pper Cr career u surveying: Hruce for engineeri and re ma entered Domini 01 service ol service ( inion Gc Co., he extensive for the ( to himsel years, \\ Mr. Jenn sider, am ment and Civil luij the Advai HOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUMFtKR. \ HOSWORTH ition, Mk. (iKOKi'.ic M. Hoswoktii was born s latlicr was a native of Massacluisclts, a loswortli bo{j;an lilc for liiinsolt' at tlie aj^'c of lensbiirj^ i*t Lake Champlaiii R. R. Co. at rapid. He was local casliier ciiarj^e i>r treij^ht receipts in chief" clerk ol the Cieneral tleneral Kreij^lit .Xj^ent. In Contract inj;' .Aj^ent tor tiie cupxinj,'^ the position one the principal Western States of the manner in which raii- ihe i^reat Trunk lines of that *'^^^ iSSj the t'anadian Pacific ■n^toM^ and Mr. Duncan Mclntyre, rM''T?jp ■ the mana«,fenient f.^'i the road fj^ tain the services of a conipe- the railway business ot Can- worth was requested to go C. P. R. Directors. He was the manaj,''enienl of the freight Two years later Mr. Van Home appointed the title of Assistant Freight Traflic iMana- iiich position he still holds. Mr. Hosworth's the Hoard of Trade in 18H9. (;i-:or(;k a. cox. Mk. (ii-ORi-.K A. Kly.^y., the subject oi this sketch, was born May 7th, 1840, in the Town- ship t>f Cramahe, County Northumberland, Ontario ; when sixteen years of age he entered the service of the Montreal Telegraph Company in Colborne, and in iS^H was sent by the company to take charge of their oHice in Peterborough. '1 he next thirty ye.irs oi his life spent in that town. where he took an active part and commercial interests of were spent m in the municipal, educational the town. In iK()j he was second daughter of Daniel rough. 0\\ five different ed Mayor oi Peterborough, a seat ov\ the Hoard of Mduca- contested the riding of West of the Reform Party, twice cessfully. In 1H7S, 'Mr. Cox Managing-Director oi the pied that position for five Cirand Junction, Victoria, TiMonto iV Xipissing Rail- the Midland Railway, and leased to the (Irand Trunk. Director of the Canadian 18HH \'ice-l'resident. Mr. Cox of th was made IVcsident married to Margaret, the Hopkins, l''sc|., oi I'eterbo- occasions Mr. Cox was elect- for fourteen years he occupied tion, and on three occasions Peterborough in the interests unsuccessfully and once suc- was elected I'resident and Midland Railway and occu- years, during which time the Whitby I't Port Perry and ways were amalgamated with the consolidated lines were In 1 806, he was elected a Hank oi Commerce, and in i8(j(). He is Hursar and member i8«8 \ ice-l'resiclent. ivir. Lox was made f'rcsident m inijo. lie is liursar and memner of the X'ictoria University and member of the Toronto University Senates, and is connected with and holds high office in many important financial institutions. Mr. Cox joined the Hoard oi Trade in 1882. GANN. 182c) in the Town of Little York, Toronto, He commenced his commercial career when 1 the lakes, sailing between Kingston and he engaged in the business of shipbuilding becoming a hotel keeper, at since, his hotel being- on the Ciann is well known to ship- ^ a good word to say for him. ^^ Pioneers and a I'reemason. ^■^ in 1 88^ and is strongly Con- !f w the twenty years or more that Jv with the shipping and ship- lakes he experienced some adxentures, that period oi his others as well as to himself, tell many a tale of his fresh ences which he relates with old sailor. Xow that he has the lakes, his only connection shipbroker, and has settled hotelkeeper, it is almost need- friends and by all whose business takes veil known resort of mariners and of those are made welcome. Mr. McCIann is con- is a pleasant, social gentleman. WILLIAM T. JENNINGS. Mr. Wii.lia.m T. Jknninos, C.E., recently Engineer of the City oi Toronto, and previously Engineer for the Canadian Pacific Railway, and a gentleman well known throughout Canada as being an autliority in his profession, is a native Canadian. He was born in Toronto, May 19th, 1846, and was educated at the Model Grammar School and at Upper Canada College. He commenced his professional career under the late Mr. surveying the swamp lands Hruce for improvements. In engineering service of the and remained with that corn- entered the service of the Dominion Government, and service of the Canadian Paci- service of the old Great inion Government and the Co., he made many impor- extensive works. In i8qo for the City of Toronto, a to himself and to the satis- years, when he resigned. Mr. Jennings had some very Molesworth, C.E., in i8()(), oi the countes of Grey and the year 1870 he entered the old Great Western Railway, pany for five years, when he Railway Department oi the in i88t) transferred to the fic Railway. While in the Western Railway, the Dom- Canadian Pacific Railway tant surveys and carried out he was appointed engineer position he filled with credit faction oi the citizens for two While holding that position, important matters to con- sider, among them the sale of the Street Railway franchise, the Esplanade Railwav agree ment and the extension of the Waterworks system. He is a member of the Institution of Civil Engineers of England, Can. Soc. of Civil Engineers, and the American Societv for the Advancement of Science, etc., and joined the Hoard of Trade in 1889. IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) 1 / V O ly -^siJ ///// v: . •^o [A fA 1.0 I.I 1.25 IIM 2.2 iS 12.0 1.8 U 111.6 V] .% o ^ / //a Photographic Sciences Corporation <^ #> <^^^ V ^e, Mr. H. P. Dwight, President and Cieneral Manager of the Great Northwest Telegraph Company, said to him : " Hugh, learn telegraphing, and I will giveyou a situation." Mr. Neilson remembered the promise, learned telegraphing, and is to-day occupying a responsible position in the Bell Telephone Company. Mr. Neilson was ruary, 1844, at Alloa, Scot- vvith his parents in 1853. He .Academy at .Alloa, and subse- to Canada, at the Grammar he has been in this country rounded by telegraph and that in time he should partake of these surroundings. His old Great Western Railway master at Komoka, then at pension Bridge and Hamilton. Toronto in 1869. He com- in the employ of the Great as telegraph operator at St. moved in the same capacity coming to Toronto, as already born on the i8th day of Feb- land, and came to Canada received his education at the quently, after the family came School, Dundas. Ever since Mr. Neilson has been sur- railway men, and no wonder somewhat of the charat.ier father was employed by the Company, first as station- Dundas, St. Catherines, Sus- Mr. Hugh Neilson settled in menced his commercial career Western Railway Company Catherines. He was then to Hamilton and London, said, in i8(>9, when he oc- cupied the position of Local Manager for the Dominion Telegraph Company, becoming Superintendent in 1874. During the year 1879, Mr. Neilson went into the Telephone business, and is now the Superintendent of long distance lines for the Bell Telephone Com- pany of Canada. He joined the Board of Trade in 1885. JOHN B. JONES. The Dominion Steamship Company, is a favorite one with all Canadians who have occasion to cross the Atlantic Ocean. The company owns a fleet of iinely fitted up steam- ships, the principal of which are the Vancouver, Labrador, Sariiiu and Oregon. The two first named boats are the largest and are general favorites with the travelling public. The pany is at No. 18 Front management of the subject JoNKs, the W^estern Freight the company. He is an was born in Liverpool, 1826, his father having been chant ship. After leaving years of age, Mr. Jones went was afterwards for several ships and railroads. He left Sarali Lands in July, 1853, General Manager Mr. S. P. other oificials engaged to engaged as assistant to the road, and remained in this moving to the Don Station, the position of Freight Toronto office of this com- street west, and is under the of this sketch, Mk. Ji>iin B. and Passenger .Agent oi luiglishman by birth, and February 5th. in the year the Captain of a British Mer- school and when only eleven to sea for three years, and years connected with steam- Liverpool in the steamship coming out with the first Bidder of the G. T. R., and work that railroad. He then (ieneral Freight Agent of the position for three years, Toronto, where he occupied .Agent, being the first one to fill that post. After several years he joined the G. W. R-/is Agent for Detroit, Hamilton, etc. Eventually he associated himself with the Dominion S. S. Co., where he has remained for the last fourteen years as their Western Freight and Passenger Agent. Mr. Jones is a Conservative, and joined the Board of Trade in i88(). Mr. Jom been born on occupied a gi private schoc in the world, Co. as a ck America in 1! kers made a just a year, that concern Board of Tra George's Wa organiz vative. Mk. Wii who have ma in the Town in St. Cathar and clerk on housie, and r cial Telegrap the 31st Ma in the emplo; ford as Ope March 1st, i and trom tli West Shore Mk. lui Trunk Railu railways as ; of the fact, father, Mr. Rossall, linj. Civil Engine .Assistant-Ei England, ai structed by 18(19 he was there. 0\\ 1 General Mai also the Cli 1883 to the well known Institute of He joined tl ADE SOUVENIR NUMBER. 141 JOHN JOSlil'H VICKI-RS. Mk. John Joskph Vickkks, the well Unovvn forwarder, is a nalive of Ireland, liaviiijf been born on the 51I1 of May, 1818, at Dublin. His father, who was also an Irishman, occupied a government position in Dublin and gfave his son a g'ood education in difFeient private schools in the capital of the island. Mr. V'ickcrs commenced makinj=f his own way in the world, when 18 years of ajje, by entering' the employ of the City of Dublin Packet Co. as a clerk, remaining' with that company for eight years. He left it to come to America in 1H51, settlings in Toronto in 1852. When he first arrived in Canada, Mr. Vic- kers made a brave attempt at farmings, but he gave the business up after following' it for just a year. He was the proprietor of the Vick^r's Express on the Northern railway when that concern existed, and ever since has been in the forwarding' business. He joined ihe Board of Trade in 1858, and for six years was a member oi the City Council for old St. Georgfe's Ward. In the old days he was a Captain in the Sedentary, a volunteer military org^anization. Mr. Vickers is a member of the A. F. & A. M., and in politics is a Conser- vative. WILLIAM A. WILSON. Mk. Wii.i.ia.m A. Wilson is another example, among many others, of native Canadians who have made their own way in the world and are esteemed in business circles. He was born in the Town of Niagara on the 3rd of July, 1847, and was educated at the (irammar School m St. Catharines. He commenced his commercial career in 1863 as telegraphic operator and clerk on the Welland Railway — now a part of the Grand Trunk system at Port Dal- housie, and remained there until the fall of 18(54. He then joined the staff of the Provin- cial Telegraph Line and remained with that Compan}- in St. Cathcriiie's and Toronto luitil the 31st May, 1866. From March, 1867, until November the ist, 1878, Mr. Wilson was in the employ of the Grand Trunk Railway, being stationed at Toronto, Sarnia and Strat- ford as Operator, Ticket Agent and Contracting Agent. From 1st November, 1878, until March 1st, 1884, he filled the position of Agent o' the Iloosac Tunnel Fast Freight Line, and from the ist February, 1884, has been the General Canadian Agent of the New ^'ork West Shore Railway with offices at 37 Yonge street. F DM LIN I) WRAGCJK. Mk. lM)MiNn Wkagoe, the popular and well-known Local Manager of the Grand Trunk Railway, has been a great traveller, having been connected with the construction oi railways as an Fngineer in difierent parts of tiie world. He is an Knglishman and proud of the fact, and was born at Stourbridge, Worcestershire, l*"ngland, in the year 1837, his father, Mr. C. J. Wragge, having been a banker in Stourbridge. He was educated at Rossall, lingland, and commenced his career in life as a pupil of the late Sir Charles Fox, Civil luigineer, in November, 1854. In 1859 he was sent to Cape Town, South Africa, as Assistant-Engineer of the Cape Town and Wellington Railway. In i8()2 he returned to England, and from 1863 to 1867 was Resident Engineer for the new works being con- structed by the London, Chatham & Dover Railway Company. During part of 1868 and i86g he was at Costa Rica, Central America, as luigineer for a railway being contemplated there. On the 17th of September, i86g, he came to Toronto and was Chief Engineer and General Manager of the Toronto, Grey & Bruce Railway and so remained until 1883, being also the Chief luigineer oi the Toronto & Nipissing Railway from 1869 to 1875. From 1883 to the present time he has been Local Manager of the Grand Trunk Railway, and is well known by name and reputation throughout Canada. Mr. Wragge is a member of the Institute of Civil Engineers, England, and also of the Canadian Society of Civil Engineers. He joined the Board of Trade in 1884 and in politics is a Conservative. l|:i i 142 BOARD OF TRADE SO TORONTO AS A KI> illll THE Banking system of Canada is unequalled for security ; for facility of application to the changing requirements of commerce ; and for the confidence which is reposed in it by the public at large. Panics are unknown, undue contraction and expansion are evils minimised to the last degree, and the best principles of credit and finance appear to bd embodied in its law and operation. The City of Toronto, as becomes its general posi- tion of Provincial supremacy in trade and transportation, is also the heart of the financial system of Ontario, and to a certain extent of the Dominion. Its great banks by means of branches in hundreds of small cities and towns, its powerful Loan Corporations and strong Insurance Companies, extend their influence over a wide territory, and one which is con- stantly growing. But it has only been since Confederation that this element in the city's greatness has developed to Provincial and national proportions. Prior to 1817 there were no banks in the Canadas, and various products such as beaver skins, furs and wheat were legal tender from time to time, the gold brought from England for Government purposes being a specially rare and valued medium of trade. Between that year and 1825, however, the imperative demands of commercial interch;'..ige resulted in the establishment of the Bank of Montreal, in what is now Quebec Province, the Bank of Upper Canada in Toronto, and similar institutions in Nova Scotia and New Brunswick. They did not have an easy time by any means. The Rebellion of 1837 caused a temporary suspension of specie payments ; the hard times of 1846-30 the terrible American crisis of 1837 and the abrogation of the Reciprocity treaty in 1806, all had a severe restrictive efTect upon the business and welfare of these institutions and the other banks which sprung into existence from time to time. But even in those early days of Canadian finance, our banking system, imperfect as it was compared with that of the present day, held its own more than favorably as against that of the United States. When Confederation was consummated in 1867, one of the most important matters demanding attention was the creation of a more uniform banking and currency system. Sir Francis Hincks and Sir John Rose tried their hands at remedial measures, the former with eminent success, and it was not long before a stable, safe and sound system rose upon the debris of differing currencies, varying charters and doubtful regulations which had hitherto been the basis upon which the able bankers of the day had to build their individual structures of success, or as it sometimes proved, of disaster. But the results have been great indeed, and at each successive renewal of the charters, fresh improvements have been effected, new strength added to the system, and more con- fidence felt by the people in the excellence of the national plan. At the ten year periods, when the work of Sir I'rancis Hincks came to be revised and improved by Sir Leonard Tilley, and more recently by Hon. (leorge E. Foster, assisted by the leading bankers of the time, it seems to have been the object of all concerned to adopt the best principles of other countries and combine them with the experience of Canada, in the evolution of a more perfect structure than that whicli exists elsewhere. One consequence of the success which followed these efforts has been the establishment of Toronto as one of the banking centres of the Continent. The following banks, with date of organization, present capital \RD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUMBER, S A P^INANCIAL CENTRK. y of applicalion to I'liich is reposed in and expansion are finance appear to its general posi- art of the financial lanks by means of rations and strong- one which is con- ity's greatness has were no banks in were legal tender purposes being a ^25, however, the iment of the Bank a in Toronto, and have an easy time specie payments ; ibrogation of the iness and welfare 'rom time to time, nperfect as it was ly as against that one of the most i"orm banking and ands at remedial I stable, safe and ters and doubtful •s of the day had 3f disaster, il of the charters, m, and more con- ten year periods, d by Sir Leonard ading bankers of best principles of he evolution of a ice of the success le of the banking 1, present capital and reserve fund combined, and total assets as given on A\igust 31st, 1893, now uphold the supremacy of Toronto in this important branch of its development : BANK. Bank of Montreal Quebec Bank Bank of British North America Molsons Bank Bank of Toronto Ontario Bank Union Bank of Canada Canadian Bank of Commerce. . Merchants Bank oi Canada . . . . Dominion Bank Bank of Hamilton Imperial Bank of Canada Standard Bank of C^ulada Traders Bank of Canada I Da IE OK Okcianiz- ATION. I8I7 I8I8 1836 i«57 1S65 1867 1868 1871 1872 1875 1876 1885 Capital Surplus. Total Assets. $18,000,000 3-550.000 6,204,999 3,150,000 3,800,000 1,845,000 1,450,000 7, 100,000 8,900,000 2,450,000 1,900,000 3,051,700 1,550,000 682,400 $51,908,151 '0,337.367 12,723,605 14.256,574 13.833.508 8,322,482 7,036,424 28,975.733 23.569.738 13,672,692 8.221.775 13,044,996 7.718.947 4.855.568 F"rom this table a clear view of the banking interests now centering partially or wholly in Toronto may be obtained. Of course many of these institutions are branches of concerns established elsewhere, but none the less do they command and use large sums of money from the people of the Queen City and circulate within its bounds much of their capital and resources. And out of this list no less than seven have their head oflice in Toronto, possessing amongst themselves a total capital and surplus of $20,000,000, and assets^ of over $90,000 000. This is a good showing for a city oi hardly 200,000 people. The oldest banking establishment in Toronto to-day is the Bank oi British North America. The year after its formation in London, England, and during the progress of the Rebellion of 1837, the local Branch was constituted under the managership of Mr. W. G. Cassels, and the Directorate of Lewis Moffatt and Frederick Perkin';^. It commenced operations in an old building on the corner of King and Frederick streets and was incorporated by Royal Charter in 1840. The Bank now has a handsome, solid lookin- buildmg on Vonge and Wellington streets, and apparently transacts a careful, successfid business. In 1840 the Bank of Montreal purchased the Charter of the Bank of the People then earned on under the Presidency of James Lesslie, with Francis Hincks as Cashier and opened a branch at the corner of Yonge and Fro.iv streets where its present palatial build- mg IS located. The Manager in those early days was Robert Milroy ; to-day Mr C Brough controls a large and important business. The building, which has latelv been erected by the bank, is one of the finest bits of architecture in the city, and the decorations # BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUA oi the interior are worthy of the wealth and progress of Montreal's great financial institution. The year 185b witnessed the commencement of business by the Bank of Toronto, after incorporation in the previous year. Its nominal capital was $2,000,000, but for many years that amount was neither issued nor paid up. The first President of an institution which now ranks amongst the strongest and best of Canadian banks was iMr. J. G. Chcwett, and the Cashier, Mr. Angus Cameron. Under the careful control of the Gooder- hams, its administration has always been eminently Conservative in its nature, and to this is no doubt due the fact that the stock now stands at 240. Mr. George Gooderham is President ; and Mr. W. H. Heatty, \'ice-President ; whilst other capitalists upon the Board of Directors are : Messrs. Henry Cawthra, (ieo. J. Cook, Henry Covert, W. G. Gooderham, and Robert Reford. Mr. Duncan Coulson is General Manager, and the bank now controls thirteen branches scattered through the larger towns oi Ontario. In the same year that the Bank of Toronto obtained incorporation, the Molsons Bank opened a branch in the old Exchange Buildings on Wellington street. Mr. John Glass was Manager, and the capital of the institution was then only Si, 000,000. But the men who founded it in Montreal were of the highest business type, and we may presume that its success in Toronto was not inconsiderable as it to-day holds a high position, with stock standing at 150. The ofiice in the Queen City is under the Management of Mr. C. A. Pipon, and its building is one of the best locations in Toronto the corner of Bay and King streets. The Quebec Bank opened a branch in Toronto during 1S57, under the Managership of W. W. Ransom. It can boast of ranking with the Bank of Montreal as one of the oldest institutions in the country, and its new building on the corner of King and Toronto streets, while not exactly magnificent from an architectural standpoint, is certainly in an excellent position for obtaining business. Mr. W. P. Sloane has been the local Manager for some years past. The Ontario Bank opened ten years before Confederation, and duriiii^ a period when the financial interests of the Continent were in a most perplexing and disastrous condition. 'I'he crisis of 1857 was one which tried the abilities of .American bankers, and produced a storm in Canada also. But under the leadership of men like the late Senator Simpson, the institution held its own and commenced a career which has been somewhat more exciting than that of most Toronto banks. With an original capital of $3 000,000, it very wisely obtained a reduction some years ago to the present figure of $1,500,000. The dilli- culties which arose through political complications, have also been overcome, and with Mr. Charles Holland as General Manager, the institution now holds a firm place in the financial world of Toronto. Its present Directors are all men of light and leading in the finances of the city and include Sir Wm. P. Hovvland as President ; Mr. .A. M. Smith as Vice-President ; Hon. C. F. Fraser Donald Mackay, G. M. Ro.se, G. R. R. Cockburn, M.P., and Hon. J. C. Aikins as Members of the Board. With the birth of our National I'nion in 1867, came the formation of the largest of Toronto's banking institutions the Canadian Bank of Commerce. I s founder was the late Senator McMaster, one of the most energetic, successful and munificent of the Queen City's merchant princes. I'pon the Board of Directors with which he surrounded himself, were some ot the most prominent business men of the day, and this condition of things has been maintained ever since. Starting with a capital of $1,000,000, and six branches in the Province, the Canadian Bank of Commerce now has a capital of $6,000,000, a reserve of $1,100,000, anc dilTerent parts has since had it: in the hands of him are associal Colonel John I. Jas. Crathern, 1 and Robert Ki recently erected is a credit to thi The Merch Toronto. .\wa at Kingston, an By an .Act pass Canada, and in Montreal. Dui at the foot of travelled away I Commercial Bai the Hon. John i time, the Merch while its Board Cooke is the Lc .An instituti ant! industries i siderable numb progress made twenty years, management, standing at 273 James Austin, Leadley, K. B. Mr. R. H. Bet business is m; Another I the Imperial B Bank, and the it has since ste tors was comp Robert Carrie, of Mr. T. R. further streng steadily increa in the bank's $2,000,000, nt dollars, and t dent ; Mr. T E SOUVENIR NUMBER. «4^ $1,100,000, and thirty-eij^ht branches tliroii«^lunit tlie country, besides five a^^encies in dilTerent parts ot Toronto. In 1H70, the old Gore Hank was absorbed. The institution r has since had its ups and downs, but the stock now stands at 138, and the management is y in the hands of one of the ablest bankers upon the Continent, Mr. B. E. Walker. With him are associated Directors of the highest standing : Mr. George A. Cox being President; Colonel John 1. Davidson, \'ice-President ; and Messrs. Geo. Taylor, W. B. Hamilton, Jas. Crathern, of Montreal, Mathew Leggatt, of Hamilton, John Hoskin, Q.C., LL.D., and Robert Kilgour, Members of the Board. The magnificent building which has been recently erected for the bank, is one of tlie chief architectural features of King street, and is a credit to the Metropolis. The Merchants Bank of Canada is in one sense the oldest banking institution in Toronto. Away back in 1832, the Commercial Bank of the Midland District was formed at Kingston, and a branch established during the following year in the town of York. By an Act passed in 1856, its name was changed to that of the Commercial Bank o^ Canada, and in 1868 it was amalgamated with the Merchants, then being organized in Montreal. During all these changes, the business was carried on in the same location, — at the foot of Jordan street, — as it is to-day, though the centre of the town has rapidly travelled away from what was once so important a part of its commercial life. When the Commercial Bank was merged in the Merchants, its capital was $4,000,000, its President, the Hon. John Hamilton, and its Toronto Manager, Mr. C. J. Campbell. At the prese.it time, the Merchants Bank boasts a capital of $6,000,000, and a stock which stands at 155, while its Board of Directors comprise some of Montreal's best known men. Mr. Wm. Cooke is the Local Manager, and its business seems to be of a stable and successful nature. An institution which has done much for Toronto and the development of its commerce and industries is the Dominion Bank, which was organized in 187 1. While having a con- siderable number of branches in the Province, it is more particularly a city bank, and the progress made by it in profits, reserve fund stock and popular estimation during the last twenty years, is an evidence of the prosperity of Toronto, as well as a tribute to its management. With a capital of $1,500,000, and a rest of $1,450,000, it boasts a stock standing at 273, and a Board of Directors composed of such prominent business men as : James Austin, President ; Hon. Frank Smith, Vice-President ; and Wm. Ince, Kdward Leadley, K. B. Osier, Jas. Scott, W. D. Mathews. Its Cashier for many years has been Mr. R. H. Bethune, and the building at the corner o{ King and Yonge streets, in which its business is mainly transacted, probably constitutes the best location in the city. Another Toronto institution which has made phenomenal progress in recent years, is the Imperial Bank of Canada. P'ormed in 1875 by the merging of the old Niagara District Bank, and the creation of a new institution with fresh capital and vigorous management, it has since steadily grown in public confidence and prosperity. Its first Board of Direc- tors was composed of Messrs. H. S. Rowland, Wm. Ramsay, John Smith, Patrick Hughes, Robert Carrie, T. R. Wadsworth, and John Fisken, and a few months later the acquisition of Mr. T. R. Merritt and the late Senator Benson from the St. Catharines Institution still further strengthened it. From the beginning, Mr. D. R. Wilkie has been Cashier, and his steadily increasing reputation and excellent management has been one of the great factors in the bank's progress. Quite recently the capital of the institution has been increased to $2,000,000, nearly all of which is paid up, while the Rest now amounts to over one million dollars, and the stock stands at over 180, and is still rising. Mr. H. S. Howland is Presi- dent ; Mr. T. R. Merritt, Vice-President ; and Wm. Ramsay, Robert Jaffray, T. R. !' ' Ii. ii r HH I' 1 il '44 BOARD OF TRADE Wadsworth, Hu}^h Ryan, and T. Sutherland Stayncr, form the present Hoard of nircctors, with Mr. I). R. VVilkie as Manager and Cashier. During recent years the bank has established a number of branches in our ^reat North-West. In 1H76, the Standard Bank of Canada was established, merj^injf in itself the St. Law- rence Bank, which had been formed three years before, and commencin}; a career which has been upon the whole one oi prosperity. Its capital is $2,000,000, and reserve $550,000, while the current quotation of its stock is i()5. Mr. W. K. Cowan is President ; Mr. John Burn.s, Vice-President ; and Mr. J. L. Brodie, Cashier, with the following,' Directors : Messrs. W. V. Allen, Fred. VVyld, A. T. Todd, A. J. Somerville, and Dr. G. D. Mortoi. The Standard Bank now has eighteen branches in ditVerenl parts of the Province. Durinfj the years immediately succeeding iSjO, no new banking institutions were established or branches started in the Queen City. Between 1876 and 1880, it may be surmised that the banks, like the rest of the community in a business sense, had enough to do in holding their own, and capitalists were decidedly chary of fresh enterprises. But after the recovery in commerce and trade, banking, like everything else, expanded its energies and seized new opportunities of enterprise. The Traders Bank of Canada was established in Toronto during 1885, with one million dollars capital, $604,400 of which has been paid up. Its reserve fund is $75,000 to-day, and the Board of Directors are men well-known in mercantile life. Mr. Wm. Bell, of (iuelph, is President; Mr. Wm. McKen- zie, Vice-President ; and Mr. H. S. Strathy, for a long time Cashier of the Federal Bank, holds the same position in the new institution. Messrs. Robert Thomson, C. D. Warren, W. J. Gage, Jno. Drynan and J. W. Dowd are the remaining Directors, and the Bank now has fifteen branches. In 1H88, the Union Bank of Canada, which has its headquarters at Quebec, and a capital of $1,200,000, formed a branch in Toronto, of which Mr. J. O. Buchanan is Manager. About the same time, the Bank of Hamilton opened a branch in the Queen City, under the Management of Mr. Kwing Buchan. With a capital of $r, 250,000, a rest of $f)5o,ooo, and such Directors as John Stuart and A. T. Wood of Hamilton, Wm. Gibson, M.P., of St. Catharines, and A. B. Lee, of Toronto, it is not necessary to say that the new banking house soon assumed a place amongst our financial institutions worthy of its reputation. Its stock at the present time stands at 160. So much for the banks of the present day in Toronto. The wide financial and com- mercial influence which they wield is in harmony with the large amount of money they can command, the popular confidence which obtains regarding their management and system generally, and the three hundred branches and agencies with which they are in close touch and intimate relations all over the country. Of course, the banking development of Toronto has not occurred without occasional disaster, but the cases have been rare, and so far the only sufferers have been the shareholders, the depositors and note-holders having always been paid in full. The failure of the Consolidated Bank, of Montreal, in 1879 ; and of the Bank of London, in Canada, in 1887, affected Toronto slightly ; while that of the Bank of Upper Canada in i8b6, and of the Central Bank of Canada in 1887, which were essentially local institutions, did cause serious trouble and injury. The disaster which befel the Federal Bank of Canada, resulting in voluntary liquidation in 1888, after fourteen years of corporate existence, also caused considerable individual loss. But these were after all mere specks upon the sun in the general financial progress of the Ontario Metropolis, and served the good purpose of drawing public attention to the defects which still existed in the system, and thus ensuring remedial legislation and greater future security for the public. After the banks, the second great financial interest of Toronto are the Loan Com- lOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUMBER. It Board of Directors, years the bank has in itself the St. Law- icing' a career which and reserve $550,000, President ; Mr. John followin«^ Directors : l1 Dr. G. D. Mortoh. lie Province, iny institutions were ) and 1880, it may be sense, had enough to esh enterprises. But ng^ else, expanded its Bank of Canada was ^604,400 of which has of Directors are men t ; Mr. Wm. McKen- of the Federal Bank, inison, C. D. Warren, rs, and the Bank now is its headquarters at , of which Mr. J. O. )n opened a branch in With a capital of t and A. T. Wood of )f Toronto, it is not imongst our financial ands at 160. le financial and com- it of money they can agement and system ?y are in close touch :ing development of ivc been rare, and so note-holders having' Montreal, in 1879 ; y ; while that of the in 1887, which were The disaster which 1888, after fourteen But these were after t>ntario Metropolis, wliich still existed in curity for the public, are the Loan Com- panies. In them centres a power which no man who has a mortgage upon his house or farm or properly will dispute ; and it is to the credit of the city that this power has been upon the whole well used, that the management of these companies is carefully and wisely carried on, and that the reputation of the men in control is as high as the credit of the institutions themselves. First in importance amongst these companies is the Canada Permanent, with $12,000,000 of invested capital, a splendid building on Toronto street, and an able financier in the person of Mr. J. Herbert Mason as Managing-Director. The Freehold Loan and Savings Company was established in i85(), and has lately erected a handsome building on Adelaide street east for the accomodation of its increasing business. It has a subscribed capital of $3,223,500, a paid up capital of $1,310, 100, and a reserve of $659,550. Mr. C. H. Gooderham is President, and Hon. S. C. Wood, Manager. The l'"arnier's Loan and Savings Company is another important concern, having a capital or $1,057,250, of which $^)i 1,430 is paid up, and assets amounting to $1 ,385,000. Wm. Mulock, M.P., is President, and G. S. C. Bethune, Secretary-Treasurer. The Western Canada Loan and Savings Company, on Church street, also does a large and safe business. Established thirty years ago, it now has a subscribed capital of $3,000,000, of which one- half is paid up, and a reserve fund of $770,000. Mr. Walter S. Lee is the able Manager of the concern, and by his popularity contributes not a little to its success. The Home Savings and Loan Company of which Major James Mason is Manager, and Hon. Frank Smith, President, possesses a large business, and has an authorized capital of $2,000,000, of which $1,750,000 is subscribed. The Building and Loan Associa- tion, on Toronto street, has a capital of $750,000, and assets of $1,845,838. Dr. Larratt W. Smith is President ; Mr. G. R. R. Cockburn, M.P., Vice-President ; Mr. Walter Gillespie, Manager; and Messrs. Wm. Mortimer Clark, Q.C., Jos. Jackes, Cieorge Mur- ray, and C. S. Gzowski, Jr., are Directors. The London and Ontario Investment Com- pany has a large capital, and boasts upon its Directorate many of the leading financial magnates of the city, with Mr. A. Morgan Cosby as Manager. The Toron o Savings and Loan Company, established in 1885, has a paid up capital of $500,000, and a reserve fund of $80,000. Mr. Robert J affray is President, and Mr. A. I-^ Ames, Manager. The (Jlobe Savings and Loan Company, with an authorized capital of $10,000,000, and of which Wm. Bell, of Guelph, is President ; the Central Canada Loan and Savings Company, with a paid up capital of $1,000,000, and Mr. G. A. Cox as President ; the Canada Landed and National Investment Company, with assets of $4,215,047 ; the Ontario Industrial Loan and Investment Company, with $500,000 paid up capital and $190,000 reserve fund, and other smaller concerns complete the list of Toronto's chief Loan Companies. It must be remembered, however, that the bulk of these institutions do more than merely lend on mortgages. They receive deposits, advance money on Debentures and S^ock, act as Executors and Trustees, besides frequently transacting a large private banking business. Another most important element of Toronto's financial growth is found in its Insur- ance Companies, The British America Assurance Company was incorporated in Little York sixty years ago, and its position to-day is a striking proof of the stability ot Canadian finance. With a capital of $2,015,570, and a record of over $12,000,000 in losses paid since organization, the company may well be proud of its position. Mr. George A. Cox is President, and amongst its Directors are : A. M. Smith, S. F. McKinnon, Dr. John Hoskin, Q.C, R. JafTray, H. M. Pellatt, and other well-known Toronto men. The Western Assurance Company was incorporated in 185 1, and now has a capital of $2,000,000, assets of over $1,900,000, and a yearly income of $2,300,000. Mr. A. M. 10 u o o u: CQ < Q O V > 1 i4() HOARD OF TKADl Smith is President ; and J. J. Kenny, Miinaj^iiij^-niiector. Its handsome building on VVellinjfton street denotes solidity and success. But it remained for the Canada Lite Assurance Association, established in Hamilton forty-six years aj^o, to build a home in Toronto which may truly be called maj^niiicent, and has only lately been equalled by that oi the t'onfederation Life. With a capital and funds of over Si,^,cx30,ooo, and an annual income oi $j,25o,cxx), it could probably well atlord the outlav, and the consequence has been a buildins^ on Kinjf street of which the company and Toronto have reason to be proud. Over o\\ \'onj^e street may now be seen the completed structure of the Confederation Life Assurance Company, which is perhaps unequalled for beauty and architectural style amonjj^st the Insurance buildiii<;-s ot the Con- tinent. Incorporated in 1H71, with a stronij body of Directors, under the {'residency ot the late Sir i'rancis Uincks, the company Ikis been ever since under the able control o^ Mr. |. K. Macdonald, Managinjf-Director, The Board now con-ists of Sir W. P. Howland as President, {ind VVm. Klliott, Kd. Hooper, \V. H Beatty, Hon. James Vounj^-, .S. Nord- heimer, \. McLean Howard, J. D. iul^ar, M.I'., \\. S. Lee, .A. L. Ciooderham, \V. I). Mathews, and others as Directors. Some years aj^fo, the Temperance and Ceneral Life Assurance Company was started in Toronto, and appears to have made marked headway. Hon. Ci. W. Ross is President ; and Hon. S. H. Blake, Q.C., and Mr. Robert McLean, Vice-Presidents. So with the Manufacturers' Life Insurance Company which is a recently formed, but none the less wealthy and successful institution. Its tirst President was the late Right Hon. Sir John Macdonald. Upon his death, Mr. Cleorye Gooderham was I m ■nSBil BOARD OF TRADE SOUVEMR NUMPKR. handsome builclinj^ on itablished in Hamilton be called maj^nificcnt, fo. With a capital and it could probably well n^ street of which the treet may now be seen 5any, which is perhaps e buildin^rs ot the Lon- iinder the Presidency of r the able control o'i Mr. f Sir W. P. Hovvland as ames \'ounijf, S. Nord- ic, (iooderiiam, W. H. -ance and Cieneral Life made marked headway, id Mr. Robert McLean, pany which is a recently lirst I'resident was the eorge Gooderham was chosen to succeed. With the aid of Mr. John V. LIlis as ManaKinK'-Liirector. he has placed the institution upon a most substantial bans. .Many other important Insurance Companies find a central place for their operations in Toronto, or else have lar^^e agenc.es established here, notablv the Commercial Union Assurance ol London, LuKhnul ; she Great-West Life .Assurance Company, of Winnipeg' ; the Kxcelsior L.le Insurance Com- pany of which Mr. E. V. Clarke, M.P.P., is the successful Mana^nnj^-D, rector ; the Sum Life' .Assurance Comp.uiv of Montreal; the Royal Insurance Company of hngland ; ii,e North British and M. antile Insurance Company ; the Standard Lite Insurance Company of Kdinbur^Hi ; the Liverpool and l-ondon and (Ilobe Insurance Company; the London and Lancashire : the Imperial Insurance Company ; the North .American Life Assurince Company, of which Mr. VVm. McCabe is Mana^n„^r.I)irector ; the British Kmpire .Mutual Life ; and the Phcenix Fire Insurance Company. All these concerns do a considerabl.j business, and help to swell the j^reat volume of Canadian life and fire insurance, and in llu' placinj,-- of Toronto in the forefront of what is a most important and valuable brancli of national business, and basis of national welfare. Space will not permit of further reference to the financial position of Toronto. Hut ii is safe to say that any careful consideration of the Hanking-, Loan Company and Insurance interests of tlie Metropolis of Ontario, will convince the onlooker, visitor or resident, that Toronto is thorou^-hly deserving of its reputation as a substantial, wealthy, com- mercial and financialceni re, and that in the.s as in other respect.s it more than merits the title of the Queen City of the West. BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NU. BYRON EDMUND WALKER. Mr. Bykon Edmund Walkek, General Manas^er of the Canadian Bank of Commerce, Toronto, is of Enj^lish parentage, and was born in the Township of Seneca, County of Haldimand, Ont., Oct. 14, 1848. He was educated at the public schools in Hamilton and commenced his banking career when thirteen years of age in Hamilton in the private bank- ing ortice of his uncle, Mr. J. W. Murton. At that time, 1861, the American War had just commenced and was raging fiercely. As a consequence of the war gold was at a premium, and a very active business was carried on by bankers and brokers, buying and selling American currency. While in his uncle's bank Mr. Walker became familiar with this feature of Canadian banking. At the same time the Reciprocity Treaty between the United States and Ci.iada vvas in force, and the volume of trade across the frontier line at various points from Montreal and Kingston, and from Niagara Falls to Detroit and Sarnia, was great. Dealers in American exchange had a busy time, and Mr. Murton's banking office in Hamilton was one of the busiest. It vvas in this private banking business that Mr. Walker gained valuable experience, and early g^ve evidence of possessing aptitude and and promptness of decision. 1868, Mr. Walker entered the of Commerce in Hamilton as years time was promoted to In September, 1872, he was Accountant in the head oflice when only twenty-five year^ of Third Agent of the Bank in 1875, he was transferred to Ma.iager of the branch of in Windsor three years he the Bank at London, and one was appointed Inspector, received the gratifying ap- Bank at Hamilton, the city in banking career. In May, G. Harper, who had long was appointed Joint Agent in great powers of observation During the month of July, service of the Canadian Bank discount clerk, and in two the position of Accountant, promoted to the position of of the Bank in Toronto, and age was given the position of New York. During .April, Windsor, Ont., and became the Bank there. After being was appointed Manager of year later, viz.. June, 1879, Before the end of 1880 he pointment of Manager of the which he first commenced his 1 88 1, on the death of Mr. J. been senior agent of the Bank in New 'S'ork, Mr. Walker that city with Mr. J. H. doadhy. In 1S86, Mr. Anderson, who had held the position of General Manager of the Bank of Commerce for thirteen years, resigned. The President of the Bank. Hon. William McMaster, had retired just previously and his successor, Mr. Henry W. Darling, had been appointed at the annual meeting of the B;» ik directors held that month. When the directors look^ul about for a successor to Mr. Anderson as Chief Executive ot the Bank, ihey had little hesitation in choosing Mr. Walker for that responsible position. In October, 1886, Mr. Walker was promoted to succeed Mr. .Anderson. Though I'ot a graduate o'i any college, Mr. Walker was honored a few years ago by being appointed a member oi the Board of Trustees o'i the University of Toronto, and has since been appointed a member of the Senate of the University. In a pamphlet published in i8go, entitled "The Canadian System of Banking and the National Banking System of the I'nitod States Compared," Mr. Walker dwelt upon the f'efects of the American banking system, while admitting certain desirable c|u;dities in .American national currency. When the Banking Bill oi i8()i was before the House of Commons at Ottawa, Mr. Walker was chosen by the bankers of Ontario as their chief spokesman in impressing upon the Government certain features it was contemplated to incorporate in the measure. Mr. Walker became a member of the Board of Trade in 1886, is a member of the Executive Committee oi the Bankers' Section, and in 1891 and 1892 was Chairman ot the Section. He is X'lce-l'residenl of the Canadian Institute, Vice- President of the Canadian Bankers' .Association and a Fellow of the (ieological Society of London, England. Mr. iV^alker is a member of the .Advisory Council ot the World's Fair, Chicago, Division of (Jeology. and ta!y, City Treasurer of Toronto, was born in tiiis city, January 2Hth, 1848. His father, who was a native of New Ross, County Wexford, Ireland, came to Canada at an early a^e, and at first went into the wholesale j^rocery business in Toronto. The subject of this sketch was educated at the Model and Grammar Schools and at the commercial colleges. He commenced his financial , , careerin 1868 asaccountant to the firm of Thompson, Smith and shippers and remained year he entered the service of of Toronto as accountant in T. MwCord, City Treasurer, the position of Assistant ant under the late Mr. S. B. Treasurer. When Mr. Har- unanimously appointed by sor. Durinj4' his occupancy of rendered the city excellent was consolidated in 1889, est on the ijeneral debt was lart^est and most successful any British Colonial Munici- eminent financiers, was ne- & Son, lumber manufacturers with them until 1872. That the Corporation of the City the ollice of the late Mr. .A. In 1877 he was promoted to Treasurer and Chief .Account- Harman, at that time City man resit^ned, Mr. Coady was the City Council his succes- the position Mi. Coady has service. When the city debt under his auspices, the inter- reduced to 3,'ii per cent. The municipal loan ever floated by pality, and so rei;arded by ijotiated in London by Mr. Coadv and ex-Mayor Clarke in 1889, both s^entlemen beini;' accorded a mai>nificent public reception by the citizens of Toronto on their return. Mr. Coady is Hon. Treasurer of the Canadian Homestead Loan Association ; and \'ice-President of the Institute of Chartered Accountants" .Association. Mr. Coady joined the Board of Trade in 1889. JAMES HEXRV PLUMMER. Mk. Jamks Hknrv Pi.immek, the Assistant General Manai,'er of the Canadian Bank o{ Commerce, was born in Devonshire, England, in 1848, and came to Canada with his parents in 1859, his father, a mining engineer by profession, having come out to represent an English Mr. PIiHiimer was educated with one interval of five years, he has been in the Dominion his banking career in 1866 as Montreal, and in May, 1867, opened its doors for business, count clerk. In 1870 he was of the Bank, and in 1872 was of the brancli there. In 1874 lion of Manager at Ottawa, pector ot the Hank. Prom was in Company having large interests in the district of Algoma. at LTpper Canada College, and when he resided in Michigan, ever since. He commenced a junior clerk in the Bank of when the Bank of Commerce he entered its service as dis- Manager of the Barrie branch sent to Brantford as Manager he was promoted to the posi- and in 187O was made Ins- 1878 to 1882 Mr. Plummer lumbering business in the account. He returned to the Merchants Bank, Toronto ger, a position he filled until been the Assistant General merce. Mr. Plummer is nut is a member oi the Diocesan Synod the railroading and State of Michigan on his own Canada in 1882 and entered as Assistant General Mana- i88(); since that date he has Manager of the Bank of Com- a member of any society, but Mr. John Trustee, 29 \'o 1850, was educ ment School i studied natural Thorpe until i.' in dilTerent bi position of Ma owing to his i goods in Glass; of William M months. He \ British Railwa this period Mr. Merchants, Gl and remained largest wholes a turnoser o this firm to con ing in the cit; the office of M died in 1874, a son, Official As year lie started moving to his till is auditor Printing Co., V Association rio, Canada E dent Co., and t Mr. Martin is ness as an ex] tion of joint sti a Councillor of Astronomical ;i daughter of tl circles Mr. Ma cult cases has ] of Toronto. S are very few in not called for the handling 01 disputes of the many business commercial m.i prosperity of tl Synod oS. the Cluirch oi England and also of the Provincial He joined the Board of Trade in 1887. and is a member o'( the banker's section. He stands deservedly high in the estimation of business trien, and he has done much work as a writer on finance in the press He is a Conservative. Mr. Robe father being Si Schools, and c< working his wi account, and t of St. Andrew' 1885, and is a DE SOUVENIR NUMBER. 149 JOHN M. MARTIN, F.C.A. Mr. John M, Martin, F.C.A., Chartered Public Accountant, Auditor, Arbitrator and Trustee, 29 \'ori< Chambers, Toronto Street, Toronto, was born in (Ilasgow March 23rd, 1850, was educated in Glasgow at St. Knoch's School, M. Wilson's Model School and Govern- ment School of Design, and in 1866 he entered the Andersonian University, where he studied natural philosophy under Prof. A. S. Herschel, and chemistry under Drs. Penny and Thorpe until 187 1. He was successful in obtaining many prizes and certificates of merit in different branches of natural science. Before leaving Scotland he was offered the position of Master in the Government School of Science at Kendal, Hngland, but declined, owing to his determination to emigrate. His father was a manufacturer of ladies' dress goods in Glasgow. In 1866 Mr. Martin entered the counting-room of the publishing house of William Mackenzie & Sons, Glasgow, as a junior, remaining with that firm a few months. He was next a clerk in the oS!nc^ of the Mechanical Superintendent of the North British Railway at Cowlairs, near Glasgow, where he remained over a year. At the end of this period Mr. Martin entered the counting-room of Arthur & Co., Wholesale Dry Goods Merchants, Glasgow, as as- ^ sistant cashier and bill clerk. and remained with the firm largest wholesale houses in a turnover of $25,000,000 this firm to come to Toronto, ing in the city he obtained the ofTice of Mr. John Shaw, died in 1874, and Mr. Martin son. Official Assignees, where year he started for himself on moving to his present oilices tin is auditor for the follow- Printing Co., Western Assur- .Association of Toronto, rio, Canada Branch of the dent Co., and the John .Abell Mr. Martin is also engaged until 1871, It is one of the Scotland, having at that time per annum. Mr. Martin left Canada. Shortly after arriv- employment as accountant in Official .Assignee. Mr. Shaw then went to Kerr & .Ander- hc remained until 1880. That King Street, afterwards re- in York Chambers. Mr. Mar- ing large concerns : Globe ance Co., Building & Loan Trusts Corporation of Onta- London Guarantee & Acci- Kiigine & Machine Works, in the course of his busi- ness as an expert accountant with special investigations in connection with tlie forma- tion of joint stock companies. He became a member of tiie Board of Trade in 1884, and is a Councillor of the Institute of Cliartered Accountants of Ontario, and a member of the .Astronomical and Physical Society. In 187Q Mr. Martin married Miss Wilhelmine Howard, daugliter oi the late Hugh Sinclair of the Customs Department, Toronto. In financial circles Mr. Martin is looked upon as an undoubted authority, and in his handling of diffi- cult cases has proved himself to be the expert he is held to be among the merchant princes of Toronto. Since 1880, when as already stated he went into business for himself, there are very few important enterprises formed in Toronto or in fact in the Province which have not called for the services of Mr. Martin. As Trustee Mr. Martin has had, and still has, the handling of large estates. In politics he is a Liberal, but takes but little share in the disputes of the various political parties, all his time being occupied in attending to his many business interests. .As a member of the Board of Trade he takes a strong interest in commercial matters, and any proposition which may have for its object the well-being and prosperity of the city. ROBERT WILLIAM LOVE. Mr. Robert Wii.li.xm Love was born in Toronto on the 17th ot March, 1862, his father being Scotch and his mother English. He was educated at the Model and Collegiate Schools, and commenced his commercial career as a clerk in an Insurance office, gradually working his way up the ladder until he has become a general Insurance .Agent on his own account, and the Agent of the Lancashire Insurance Co. He is a P'ree Mason, a member of St. Andrew's Society, and a member of the Fv.;esters. He joined the Board of Trade in 1885, and is a Liberal in politics. SMN I ^o BOARD OF TRADE S\ DANIKL EDMUND IHOMSON, Q.C. Mr. Daniki. K. Thomson, head of the law firm of Thomson, Henderson and Hell, is the eldest son of one of the pioneers of Wellington County, and a grandson of one of the earliest settlers in Ontario. He was born in the Township of Erin, county of Wellington, Ont., in 1851, and received his odiicalion in tiio public and grammar schools of I'lrin and (iuelph, and by private tutors. In January 1872, he com- ihe ofiices of Oliver and two years later removed to oflice of Heatty, Chadwick studies in the Law School, first, second and fourth year having been allowed him in standing in the class lists. Bar, and in 188(3 was created ernment. Immediately on became a member of the firm remaining such about eight the present firm of Thomson, formed. Mr. Thomson has cial law, and had a large prior to the repeal of the been counsel in many cele- menced the study of law in Macdonald in Cnielph, and Toronto and entered the law and Lash, and continued his carrying oft" in succession the scholarships his third course consideration of his high In 187b he was called to the a (^.C. by the Ontario (iov- being called to the bar he with which he had studied, years when he withdrew, and Henderson and Bell was made a specialty of commer- practice in insolvency cases Insolvencv Act. He has brated commercial cases, and as consulting counsel in general mercantile and partnership business, his practice has been one of tlie most extensive of the Canadian bar. Mr. Thom- son is a member of the National and Granite Clubs, Board of Governors of McMaster University, and became a member of the Board of Trade in 1888. He is a Libera!. HENRY LYE. Mr. Henry Lve, Special Accountant and Adjuster, 32 Church street, is widely known as one of the most prominent and expert accountants in the Dominion. He has been engaged in so many important cases, involving large amounts, that it is a ditticult task to particularize any, though an idea of the estimation in whicii he is held by financiers may be obtained from the fact dators for the defunct Central Special Accountant for lead- agers of Banks and Insurance Lye is an Englishman, having 1834. He acquired his edu- Tickhill and Doncaster in the came to Canada. He has the Etna Fire Insurance Co., Continental Fire Insurance been Adjuster of fire losses, over the Dominion. He joined Politically Mr. Lye is a Con- important duties prevent him party discussions of any kind. Mr. Lye is second to none assistance in the straighten- that he was one of the liqui- Bank. He has also acted as ing Queen's Counsel, Man- Companies. By birth Mr. been born at Sheftield, in cation at private schools at oU. country, and in 1855 been Special Accountant for at Cincinnati, U. S., and Co., of New York., and has and Special Accountant all the Board of Trade in 1886. servative, but his onerous and taking an active interest in As an authority in Finance in Canada, and his advice and ing out of tangled monetary past few years Mr. Lye has matters are always eagerly sought for. Within the lost by death three very dear friends and business associates in the persons of the late W. A. Foster, Q.C., the late Mr. William Gooderham, and the late Ex-Mayor Howland. I^MiSSS iRD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUMBER EDWARD ROPKR CURZOX CLARKSON. Jerson and Hell, is si>ii of one of the ity oi W'ellinj^ton, :hoois of I'-rin and ^ 1872, he com- of Oliver and later removed to ?eatty, Chadwick tiic I-a\v School, d and fourth year Ml allowed him in n the class lists. 1 1886 was created Immediately on nember of the firm such about eig;ht firm of Thomson, \x. Thomson has and had a large :he repeal of the sel in many cele- le and partnership bar. Mr. Thom- lors of McMaster a I.ibera'. Mk. K. R. C. Cl.\rkson was born in Toronto in 1852, and was educated at Upper Canada College. He commenced his business career in 18(14 in a wholesale dry goods house in Montreal, where he remained three years. That same year the well-known busi- ness which Mr. Clarkson conducts was established in Toronto by the late Thomas Clarkson and has been continued with- . , out interruption to the pre- sent time. On the demise of Mr. Thomas Clarkson the business passed to the firm of Clarkson & Munro, composed of K. R. C. Clarkson and W. F. Munro, Mr. Munro receiving the appointment oS. /^^"V oHicial assignee from the Government in succession to ^ A, . Mr. Thomas Clarkson, upon the recommendation of the O ** ^- Hoard of Trade. I'pon the dissolution of this firm the l^^ -^^^'^ business passed to Turner, Clarkson & Co., composed ^^T^ ' of John Turner and E. R. C. Clarkson, both of whom Jm ^ were appointed otficial assig- nees by the Government, and ..^^M^^fl^^ upon the dissolution of that firm, Mr. E. R. C. Clarkson l^l^^Oi^HHi^ succeeded to the business and has jontinuod the same to ^iflfll^^Hl^r ^'^^ present time. In that branch which undertakes the ^wwSk^uF liquidation of insolvent es- tates, Mr. Clarkson has been "* charged with the manage- ment of three-fourths of the large estates wound up in the Province of Ontario for many ~ years past. He is a life mem- ber of Ionic Lodge A. F. & A. M., a member of the Board of Directors of tht Credit Eon- cier Franco-Canadien Loan Co., a Director of the Consolidated Land & Investment Co., and of Might's Duectory Co. He joined the Board of Trade in 1879 and is a Conservative politically. JAMES HEWLETT. is widely known Km. He has been difiicult task to ■)y financiers may one of the liqui- as also acted as Counsel, Man- By birth Mr. It Sheffield, in ivate schools at and in 1855 \ccountant for I, U. S., and York., and has Accountant all Trade in 1886. his onerous and tive interest in rity in Finance d his advice and ngled monetary Mr. Lye has persons of the late Hlx-Mavor There are many geniLnien in Toronto engaged in the Real Estate business, and among the most reliable and successful is Mr. James Hewlett, of 24 Vonge Street Arcade. He has been established in the business since 1876 and has met with deserved success. Mr. Hewlett is an Englishman by birth, having been born November 13th, 1845, at Frome, Somerset- | '. .' shire. His father when alive was a merchant at Frome, and his mother still lives at Bath, F^ngland, aged seventy- seven years. Mr. Hewlett was educated in the public schools of his native town. He came to Canada in 187 1 MtK^^^ by the steamer CVz/V/c/ of the Cunard Line. In that year ^^^^Kl '^'^ started as a butcher on Yonge Street and remained I^^N^H ''^ ^'^^ business until 1878, meeting with the success W_/ f) which his hard work and in- dustry deserved. He then 4|^ i** opened a Real Estate ofiice in partnership with Mr. Chas. ^^^^ '^- ^^^11, at 16 Adelaide Street East, remaining there for five Mr JL years and doing a lucrative business, buying, selling and __^^^L ^^^^^^ exchanging city and subur- ban property, collecting rents V^HLdARHp """^ negotiating loans. He is a member of Lodge Ches- iHBRp'^S-^^*™^* terfield, Sons of England Benevolent Society, a inem- ^'^ ^ ber of Wilson Lodge A. F. & A. M., and of St. Paul's Royal Arch Chapter, a Knight Templar, 2nd Vice-President of St. George's Society. He joined the Board of Trade in 18S7 and is a strong Conservative politically, voting first in Dominion politics in 1872, and proud of the fact that he has never cast other than a Con- servative ballot since. Although with strong political convictions Mr. Hewlett finds little time to take an active interest in party matters, BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NL GKORGE DUNSTAN, Mk. CiEOKciK Dlnstan, wHo is one of the leadiii}; Real Kslate Brokers of Toronto, is of English parentage and was born in the City of Hamilton, Ontario, in the year 185,6. at the Cirammar School in tiiat city, and commenced his by entering the oHlce of the old established Wholesale Kerr & Co. He remained in years, and in 1H77 joined the of Commerce in the Hamil- he was transferred to the bank, filling the duties of remained until 1881. In the employ of the Hank of Toronto and entered the Hank in the capacity of was appointed Manager of hank, which position he spring of 1888, the Fede- tion and Mr. Dunstan went account as a Real Estate He opened an office in the has been ever since. Mr. Dunstan has succeeded in ^' ' building up a flourishing business and is much esteemod by tne brokers and mercantile community generally. He is the city Agent for the well-known .Alliance Assurance Company, of London, England, which has a capital of $25,000,000. Mr. Dunstan became a member of the Hoard of Trade in 1891. He acquired his education commercial career in 1872 Dry Goods firm of T. C. the employ of that firm five statV of the Canadian Hank ton oflice. From Hamilton Woodstock branch of the Paying Teller, where ho that year Mr. Dunstan left Commerce, and came to employment of the Federal Paying Teller. In 1885 he the N"orkvilIe branch of the held for three years. In the ral Bank went into liquida- inlo business on his own Hroker and I'inancial Agent. Mail Building, where he Mr. Robe Association is year 1834, fro worth, Ont., county of Ha field, June ic] at Sheffield, 1 Wood, Chief J Grammar Schc private tuitior Canadian Lav and entered th He passed his but as he wj until twenty-fi' practised lav in 1865 in St. Mutual Insura He then wen Life Associatii years, returnin period. Heinj transferred its For seven yeai of the Hoard ( HUGH LEACH. The Bank of Toronto has for a number of years been one of the most stable and representative of the Monetary Institutions of the city. This Institution was incorporated in 1855, and during the thirty-nine years of its existence it has extended its busi- ness enormously, and has branches in many important towns in Ontario. The paid up capital of the bank is _^ , $2,000,000, with a rest of $1,800,000, and it has Brockville, Coburg, Colling- Peterboro, Petrolia, Port The Directors of the Bank William H. Beatty, Geo. J. G. Gooderham, and Robert sketch, A'k. High Leach, ager of the bank, is one of been with it since 1857. He then, Pembrokeshire, Wales, I'^ngland. He arrived in menced his banking career in ing house of Messrs. Jones, don, I'^ngland. In 1857, Mr. Toronto, rising step by step responsible position. Mr. branches in Montreal, Harrie, wood, London, Gananoque, Hope and St. Catharines, are George Gooderham, Cook, Henry Cawthra, W. Reford. The subject of this the Assistant General Man- its veteran officers, having was born at Robeston Wa- and was educated at Hath, Canada in 1857, but com- May, 1854, in the old bank- Loyd & Co., Lothbury, Lon- Leach joined the Bank of until he reached his present Leach became a member of the Board of Trade in 1886, and in politics is a Liberal-Conservative. He is also a mem- ber of St. George's Society. Mr. Leach is well and favorably known throughout the mercantile community of Toronto, and enjoys the confidence and esteem of a host of friends, and takes an active interest in promoting the welfare and progress of Toronto. Mr. Gra Edinburgh, in on the Pentla up in the pari' hands of the his parents lence of chara " loved at hoi his early edi excelling in p conduce to a years of age life's work superintenden of that town Glasgow, ha number of co keepers of on Messrs. Artli remain long health in 18; he obtained was appoints retains. Mr. Clubs. He j DE SOUVENIR NUMBER 151 ROHERT SMITH BAIRD. Mr. Robkkt Smith Rairo, Manag'er of the Toronto Aj^ency of the Confederation Life Association is of Scotch parentage, his father and mother coming;' to Canada about the year 1834, from Ayrshire, Scotland. They settled first near Sheflield, County of Went- worth, Ont., remaining there until 1850, when they moved to the township of Oneida, county of Haldimand. Mr. Baird was born near Shef- field, June ic)th, 1837. He at Sheffield, his first tutor Wood, Chief Justice of Man- Grammar School at Gait, and private tuition in order to Canadian Law Society. In and entered the law office of He passed his final examina- but as he was leaving the until twenty-five years after- practised law, but com- in 1863 in St. I^ouis, Mo., as Mutual Insurance Co., which He then went to Georgia, Life Association of America, years, returning to St. Louis period, Being General Agent of the St. Louis Mutual in transferred its Canadian business to the Confederation Life received his early education being the late Hon. A. P. itoba. He then attended the afterwards took a course of qualify as a member of the 1862 he settled in Toronto, Mr. D. B. Read as a student, tion as an attorney in 18^5, country was not sworn in wards. Mr. Baird never menced his business career an agent of the St. Louis position he held until i8()g. being sent there by the where he remained three at the expiration of that Canada when that Company Mr. Baird joined the latter. For seven years he has been a trustee of the Public School Board. He became a member of the Board of Trade in 1886, and is a member of the Board of Arbitration. ROBHRT MACLAURIN GRAY, Mr. Gray is a native of Scotland, and was born in the Parish of Mid-Calder near Edinburgh, in the month of June, 1846. His father, James (iray, was a large sheep-farmer on the Pentland Hills, and his mother, whose maiden name was Helen Rus'sell, was brought up in the parish of Carnwa I1, Lanarksliire. The place that his father held is still in the hands of the family, being ^ occupied by a nephew. Both his parents were distin- lence of character that makes " loved at home and revered his early education at the excelling in penmanship and conduce to a successful busi- years of age he commenced life's work in the town of superintendence of Robert of that town. In January, Glasgow, having been cho- number of competitors to fill keepers of one of the largest Messrs. Arthur & Company, remain long in this situation, health in 1871. When the guished by that high excel- the land that loses them abroad." Mr. Gray received school of his native parish, those other acquisitions that ness career. When nineteen what is likely to prove his Peebles, under the able Thorburn, Esquire, banker 1870, he left Peebles for sen from among a large the office of one of the book- establishments in Glasgow, Queen street. He did not coming to Canada for his Dominion Bank was started step by step, many years since he he obtained a situation in the new instiiuiioii. Rising- was appointed as Manager of the East Toronto branch of the bank, a position which he still retains. Mr. Gray is a member of St. .Andrew's Society, of the Granite Curling and other Clubs. He joined the Board of Trade in 1885. He supports the Reform party. / i i!; u,( traa»m;»;sa:g;:f- ffiWtfrft ■ W:. I ''1 N 152 BOARD OF TRAD A HKNR^ SETON STRATin'. Mu. Hknkv Si:ri>N Sika 1 iiv, (lononil Manager oi the Traders' Hank, is a Scc/climaii by birth, having been born in the City of luhnbiirgh, January -'i), iS^^j. He came In C'an- ada when he was only three years old and acquired his education in lA>ndon, Out. He first entered business in the I>'orest Citv as an employ o'i the wholesale house ol Hope, Hirrell I't Co. l""rom icS^o to tiore Hank at London, being position of a 'I'eller in the Hamilton. In i.S()2 he was quently returned \o London there. In iS44. His father, Mr. Benjamin Thorne, was at one time a leading merchant both in Montreal and Toronto, carrying on on(i of the largest milling and grain businesses in the country. He died in 1848. After receiving a good | training in Upper Canada College, Mr. Thorne studied Hon. James i'atton, Q.C, late Chief Justice Moss. Mr. practice of law with the late who was unfortunately Sphinx in 1873. He then Mr. James J. Foy, Q.<^., the five years. Mr. Thorne then Hall, Solicitors, and then be- of Watson, Thorne, Smoke thirteen years. He then Thorne & Warren. Mr. Vice-President of theToronto pany, and is President of the pany, and is a stockholder in tions. He is a member of law in the olVice (if the late Mr. Justice Osier, and the I'horne first commenced the T. K. Morgan, of Toronto, drowned from olT the yacht went into partnership with partnership continuing for joined the firm of Thorne & came a member of the firm iS: Masten, remaining with it started the present firm of Tiiorne was for a long time I -and and Investment Com- Huffalo Land Security Com- a great many other organiza- the Toronto Club, Roval Canadian Yacht Club, and the Granite Club, and is one of the largest investors in land in the city. Mr. Thorne joined the Board of Trade in 1891, and is a Conservative in politics. He is well-known among his professional brethren as an able and reliable gentleman. CARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUMIUCR mk, is a Scotchman i. He came (o C'an- Lotuloii, Out. Ho ;ale lunise '^■^i Hope, was cmployocl at llio lis promoleil to the icf of the Hank at ispectiir, ami siibse- Iaiia},''cr oi tlie ollico tri>in the Hank ami reasiirci" iif the I lu- ll heciiiniiii^' a ilirec- ikinj^ business as I Lomlon, heci^niiiij^ 1 retired from bank- ecome a member of ^ain he turned to [ited Kederal Hank d the Traders' Hank, thy in former years "anada. He joined .•rs' Hank of Canada 400, and the rest is zie, \'ice-i'resident ; npson, of I lamilton. ALFRK!) HRNKST AMKS. Mk. Ai.i'KKii E. Amks, son of the Rev. W. Ames, of Woodstock, Ont., was born in I.ambeth, Ont., in !«()<). and was educated at the Hrantford ColIef,Mate institute. He commenced his commercial career in the Merchants' Hank oi Canada, at Owen Sound, in iHSi. He resij^nied to join the Imperial Hank k>< Toronto at an increased salary, and lived in Toronto during iHKj and , 1 '^Hfv I" <'ic> latter part of iSS_^, owinjr tt) a se\ere ill- vice ol llie Hank, takiu},-' a he joined the Ontarii> Hank counlant, beinj^- matle Ac- residinjf altofcether in Peter- years. In 1 887, durinjj the when he was only twenty-one made M;inaj^er oi the Mount Hank, from which he was of the Lindsay branch oi the loii"; time, however, Mr. Toronto his permanent home, be f^-ained by further delay, the Hank in \o\ember, iSSi), as a Stock Hrokei' and In- iSyi, he WHS made Manaf,^er ness, .Mr. .Ames left the ser- six months' rest, after which at IVterboro' as .Xctini^ Ac- countant in a few months, boro' about two and a half month of September, au'l years of aj^e, Mr. .Ames was I'orest Hranch of the Ontmio promoted to the Manajj^emenl same Hank in 18HH. l'\)r a Ames had in view makinj^ and, beliex in^ nothinj,'' would he resigned his position in opening an oHice in Toronto vestment .Agent. In March, oi the 'Toronto Savings and Loan Company, an institution with assets o'i over a million and a half dollars, and now conducts the business o'i that Company at 10 King' Street West, together with his own personal business as Stock Hrokor and Investment .Agent. Mr. Ames is Treasurer of the 'Toronto .Stock T-xchange, and joined the Hoard ^.^'i 'Trade in I1S92 ROHKRT .McLLAN. ren. Solicitors, etc.. His father, Mr. Ureal and Toronto, ountry. He died in in Cpper Canada 10 ollice (if the late ice Osier, and the st commenced the organ, of 'Toronto, Vom off the yacht partnership with ip continuing for irm of 'Thorne i\: nember of the lirm , remaining with it le present hrm of as for a long time Investment Com- iiid Security Com- my other organiza- nto Club, Royal t investors in land a Conservative in 1 able and reliable Mk. Rohekt McLi-A.N, Secretary of the Canadian Fire Underwriters' Association -a well-known citizen oi Toronto — was born in the Parish of Rolhiemurchus, County of Inverness, Scotland, on the 12th April, 1S17. His father was a builder and farmer in the County. The rudiments of Mr. McLean's education were obtained in the parish school he has been learning ever State of New York in 1836, where he has lived ever since, visits to his native land one started in Canada as a Pub- County of Oxford, and after- loo, filling that position from ordinary success. T'or over was an adjuster of lire losses ance Companies. On the for- I'nderwriters' .Association in principal originator — he was .Association, and has filled McLean is well - known Ontario and Quebec for the wards the suppression oi the a- member of Total Absti- nence Societies since 1841, occupying various positions from that of a private member to being the Executive Head of the Dominion Alliance. Mr. McLean is a J. P. and for some years a Municipal Councillor in Gait and a School Trustee. He joined the Board of Trade in 1886, and is a staunch Liberal in politics. oi Rothiemurchus. He says since. He emigrated to the coming to Canada in 1841, paying in the meantime two in 1844, another ill i8i)i. He lie School 'Teacher in the wards in the County of Water- 1S41 until iS()().\viih more than twenty years Mr. McLean ami Inspector oi Fire Insur- mation of the Canadian 1883- of which he was the chosen as Secretary oi the the position ever since. Mr. throughout the Provinces of active part he has taken to- Liquor Traffic. He has been BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUX, KOIIKRT HIARV BKTHrNK. Mk. RoittiM IIknkv Himium;, Ciisliior :iikI Miiiiiij,'or ot tlic Dominion Hank, is a native Canadiiin and was born at Coboiir^s Ont.. May ^ih, iH;,(), his tatiior liavin^-' been the late Hishop A. \. Ik'tluino, tlu- sviccossor of Hisliop Slraciian, and a di);iiitary of tlio t'lnn».l\ of I';nj,riand respected and beloved l\v all. Mr. Hetlnine was educated at I'pper Canada Collej,a', and at various pri- , . , vato schools in Ontario, and coninienced his linaiicial and seventeen. In iS^^heenter- a jiniior in the HrocUville year followinj,'- he was pro- Teller of the Coboiiri^ branch later was appointed .\ssis- ronto branch. In the year to New ^'orl^ as Accountant there, ami the succeedinij tion in the branch of the bank remained a couple of years, of the St. Catherines branch over a year in St. Catherines with the i^anU oi Montre.il, ship oi the Quebec Hank, a and was then appointed .\lan- b.inkinj^ career at the a^e iif id the Hank til Montreal as branch o'^ the bank. 'I"hc moled to the position of i>f tile bank, ;ukI live years lant .AccounlanI in llic 'l"o- iShi Mr. Helluine was sent in the branch o\ the hank year occupied a similar posi- at Hamilton, Out., where he assuming I he Manai,''ement bank in icS')4. .\fler a little he severeil his connection and accepted the Inspector- position he held for a year, aifer of the Toronto branch of the Quebec Hank, where he remainetl until 1S71, when he was apjioinlcd Cashier and General Manat^er of the Dominion Hank. Mr. Heilume joined tiie Hoard ol Trade in 1S1S5, and was Chairman of the Hankers' section in iiSi)^. In i8(ij he married Miss Jane h'rances Ewart, eldest daui^^htor of the late J. H. Ivw.irt i>\ Dundas. Mu. Tiio.Mi Honaventurc Cc for many years up his resiJence Parliament durii one <^'i the nu Kiver. The su Clrammar Schoc (•^i Ottawa was commenced hi.> o'i J. H. Hall \ wards with W'i River, with hei entered the G( was Manaj^er 1 iS()i) he came t( Roxal Canadiai that bank anialt^ the bank. Mr. ? ness, hut retir*. the Toronto I lari^est Real V.s\ took a part in il years an ollicer. Clubs, and a mi FRKDKRICK (il-'-ORGh: COX. The Central Canada Loan and Savings (."o., 10 Kinjj street west, is o\\^ amonj^' the financial institutions (^i the city that are widely and favorably known. Its President is Mr. Georg-e .A. Cox; \'ice-Presidents, Mr. Richard Hall and Mr. J. R. Dundas; Secretary- Treasurer, Mr. K. R. Wood ; and the subject oi this sketch, Mi<. I-'ukdkrk. K Gicoiuwc Cox, Manai^er. Mr. Cox was , born at Peterboro, Ont., on September Jjlh, iSfih, and yet a Nount^' man. He was Institute, Peterboro, and career in the ollices oi the Peterboro, as a clerk, under he left the empKiy oi the that of the Canada Central so at the very inception of with il ever since. Mr. Cox month of January, 1SH7, and has worked his way up to Manaj^er oi the company, members of the mercantile on fmancial matters. Mr. member of Ashlar Lodj4e is, comparatively spe.iking', educated at the Collegiate commeu'-ed his mercantile old Midland Railway Co., at Mr. Arthur White. In 1884 Railwa\ Co., and entered Loan and Savings Co., doing the company and remaining came to Toronto during the by perseverance and ability the important position oi and is now regarded by the connnunity as an authority Cox is a I'reemason and a No. 229, G.R.C. He is also A. S. R. He became a mem- a member of the A. and berofthe Hoard of Trade in 1892, and in politics is a Reformer. Mr. Cox has never sought for or filled any public office, quite content to make business his first and chief consideration. In 1889 he married Cosie, a daughter of the late Dr. L. H. Swan, of Woodstock, Ont. The Slandii chart tied bank diflVrent parts n Mk. John Low experience. H( 1839, and w country and a Scotland. \V menced his ba Hank of Scotlar that bank, in Al Lngland, and Hank oi Indi; and then wc returning in 186 he came to Hank where was appointed 1 the Standard made in 1876. Trade in 1883, j mittce of the Bh Miss Adeline J. is a member o politics he is Im 3/i SOUVENIR NrMBKR. '53 THOMAS MrfRAKKN. Mk. Thomas Mi L'k \ki:.\ is dI Siotch parerUnj^o iind was bom at Now Carlisle*, Honavoiiture County, ^uehL-c, in iH<7. His latlior came to Canada in i8iy, and resided lor many yiars at Now Carlislo, siihsci|U(.iitly rtimninj,'' to (llon^'arry, and in iH.jo taking up Ills rosiJiiuo at Hyli^wn, now Ottawa. Ilo represented Honaventure in the (Quebec Parliament durin},"^ the rej;inie . ^^'i Lord (losford, and was one ol' tile most extensive River. The subject of this (irainmar .School, Hytown, <^'i of Ottawa was at i>ne time commenced his commercial of j. \\. Mali \' i:o., on the warils uitii W'illiatn I'rice iV River, with lieadquarters at entered the (iore Hank at was Manaj^er oi the branch i8(M) he came to Toronto as Royal Canadian Hank, from that bank ainalj^amaliiii,' with the bank, Mr. McCraken re- lU'ss, liut relircci I'roni it in the Toronto Land in\est- lumbernien on the Ottawa sketch was educateii at the whicli the present Jud|^e Ross the principal. Mr. McCraken career in iSj^o with the firm Ciatineau River, and after- Co., on the St. Maurice I'hree Rivers. In 1835 he liamill(Mi, and for a time of tile bank in London. In lieiieral Manaj^er ot the which position ho retireil on the City Hank. After leavinj^ eni;ai^ed in the lumber busi- 1S1S4, and is now Manager of ment Corporation, one of the lari;est Real l*^sl;ite Corporations in ToriMito. lie is ,a member of the .\. I'', and A. M., and took a part in the establishment vii the (Iraiul Lodj^je Vii Canada, oi which he was for man)' years an oHicer. Mr. McCraken is Past President of both the Toronto and (Jranite Curlinjj Clubs, and a member of the Roval Canatlian ^'acht Club. He joined the Hoard in 1KS2. JOHN Lowi: HRonii:. The Standard Hank o^ Toronto, tluuij,'Ii not as old m years as seme of the 01 her charitred banks, has proved a very successful institution, havinjif eighteen aj^'encies in different parts of the country, all of which are held in ij^ood repute in their various localities. Mu. John Lowi: Huodii;, the Casliier o'i the bank, has had a \w\^ and varied financial He was born at Cupar .Anj^us, Scotland, in that JOHN experience, lie was 1839, and was educated country and at the Dollar Scotland. When sixteen menced his bankinjj;' career Bank of Scotland as a junior, that bank, in Alloa and lulin- I'^nijland, and entered the Hank c\i India, where he and then went to their returning in 1868 to Kngland, he came to Canada and Hank where he remained was appointed Cashier of the the Standard Hank, the made in 1H76. He became Trade in 1883, and is a mem in private schools in .Academy, Clack ma nan shire, years of age, Mr. Hrodie com- by joining the Commercial .After six years service with burgh, he went to London, employ of the Chartered remained for a year or two, branch in Bombay, India, suffering in health. In 1871 joined the Royal Canadian until 1875. That year he old St. Lawrence Bank, now change of name ha\ing been a member of the Hoard of > _,, ber of the I'^xecutive Com- mittee of the Hankers' section, and Chairman ^^i that section this year. In 1870 he married Miss .Adeline J. H. Lowe, daughter of Commodore William Lowe, H.M.I.N. Mr. Hrodie is a member of St. Andrew's Society, and .1 Trustee of old St. Andrew's Church. In politics he is Independent. »54 'OARD OF TRA. SYDNKY CHARLES RUTHERFORD CROCKER. i!|! Mr. Sydney C. R. Crocker, Assistant Secretary in ciiarge of the Marine DepartI nient of the Western Assurance Co., 22 VVellinf^ton street east, is a gentleman well knowil in insurance circles and cordially esteemed by commi-rcial men. He was born in London! England, December 27th, 184S, and came to Canada with his parents when he was eighj years of age. Mr. Crocker's ,_ , , father, now deceased, waj| connected with the Times & and came to Canada as Man- country, with headqua.ters failure of the company he the Provincial Insurance Co., many years Secretary of the in this city. The subject oi the Model Grammar School Toronto, and when sixteen for himself as a clerk in Mr. office. Subsequently he be- General Agency of the Brooklyn, from which office, in Assurance Co. Mr. Crocker Own in 1866, and for many Beacon Eire Insurance Co. ager for the company in this at Kingston, Ont. After the was appointed Manager o^ and was subsequently for Board of h'ire Llnderwritersl this sketch was educated atl and at a private sciiool inl years of age commenced life John Cameron's Insurance came connected with tlio Fhcenix Insurance Co. ci'i 1881, he joined the Western was a member of the Queen's years after, and is a member and of York Royal Arch The of York Lodge, A. E. & A.M., Chapter. He joined the Board of Trade in 1893, •"I'J '•*' *' Liberal-Conservative. Western Assurance Co., with which Mr. Crocker is connected, was incorporated in 1851, its first President being Mr. Isaac C. Ciilmour. and its present Managing Director being Mr. J. J. Kenny. It has agencies all over the Dominion and United States. 1 1 \\ i ' P;-l 1 1 GEORGE FREDERICK MARTER. At the last session of the Ontario Legislature, the name of Mr. George Frederick Marter, M.P. p., was brought prominently before the people of Ontario, in connection with the prohibition movement. As the member for Muskoka he introduced a Bill which, had it carried, would have prohibited the liccnsirg of the sale oi liquor in hotels, saloons and shops in the Province. ^ The Government opposed sequently defeated. The cussed to a very great extent of the country. Mr. Marter ing been born in the Town the 6th o'i June, 1840. His an Englishman by birtii, who life in Branlford, practising of our sketch was educated School. When young he he still follows. Mr. Marter ence in municipal work, township of Windham for also served as Councillor in Gravenhurst. He was elect- Legislature in December 1890, as a Conservative. For the Bill and it was con- question, however, was dis- in the house and in the press is a Canadian by birth, hav- of Brantford, (now city,) on father was Dr. Peter Marter, spent the greater part of his his profession. The subject at the Brantford Grammar chose mercantile life whicn has had considerable experi- having been clerk of the a number of years. He has Waterford and Reeve in ed member of the Ontario 1886, and re-elected in June .^y^, ...,., ^ v.. ..,v. ...... ^. .v.. the past five years he has resided at 12 Elm Grove street, Toronto. He became a member of the Board of Trade in 1876, and since joining that body has taken a deep interest in all that appertains to the commercial and moral progress of the great metropolis of Ontario. Both in business and private life Mr. Marler has the esteem of all who know him. OC-ARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUMBER. :er. of the Marine Depart- gentleman well known e was born in London, (nts when he was eight , now deceased, was n Firo Insurance Co., ir the company in this gston, Ont. After the appointed Manager of vas subsequently for of Fire Underwriters :elch was educated at t a private school in of age commenced life Cameron's Insurance connected with the X Insurance Co. of he joined the Western member of the Queen's after, and is a member if York Royal Arch al-Conservative. The , was incorporated in ;nt Managing Director United States. ARTHUR PEARSON. The real estate and brokerage business is now in the hands of a few of the old established firms, the great army ,of curb stone brokers that existed during the boom having disappeared from the scene of action. A reliable real estate broker who under- stands his profession, is as valuable to the trading public as either the doctor or lawyer, and those who seek the ad- agent is more likely to be depend upon their own of years the most prominent Bros., who have been en- and leasing of Real Estate, management of estates, and perts in many of the arbitrations, in fact they tions, their long experience determining valiies. Organ- sisted of Charles and John whom died in November subject of th's sketch has of Pearson Bros., whose ground floor of Pearson east. Mr. Arthik Pearson vice of a capable real estate protected than those who judgment. F"or a number of the firms has been Pearson gaged in the buying, selling acting as Trustees in the also being retained as ex- largest and most import ant figure in nearly all arhitra- making them indispensable in ized in 1872, the firm con- F. Pearson, the latter of 1892, from which time the been a member of the iirm ofiices occupy the entire Chambers, 17 Adelaide street was born in Toronto in 1859, being educated at the Upper Canada College. After graduating he went into the real estate business with his brothers. Mr. Pearson joined the Board of Trade in 1892. In politics he is a Conservative. He is a member ot the A.O. U.W., C. O. F. and Home Circle, and was Secretary of the Athenanim Club from 1886 to 1891. THOMAS M. EDMONDSON. . CiEORGK F'REDERICK ntario, in connection roduced a Bill which, or in hotels, saloons lovernment opposed ly defeated. The to a very great extent ountry. Mr. Marter on borii in the Town of June. 1840. His ishman by birth, who Brantford, practising sketch was educated When young he follows. Mr. Marter municipal work, p of Windham for ved as Councillor in lurst. He was elect- ure in December a Conservative. For e became a member a deep interest in all ropolis of Ontario, know him. Those engaged in real estate transactions in the City of Toronto have experienced many adverses since the collapse of the boom and have had to make considerable sacrifices. But, on the other hand, there is a general feeling of confidence that better times are in store and that those who can afford to do so had ..etter hang on. Among the Real Instate Dealers o{ the city Mr. Tuo- ^ _ _ ^'As M. Eni^MOxnsoN, No. 38 Brunswick Avenue, is well- dian and was born a short Township o^ F'tobicoke, Jan- was an luiglishman from tho Etobicoke ami eaxing school, re- settled in son, after I for a period <\i thirty jears saw and milling business in in the same line of business period in all in both counties time Mr. I'Almondson, to- a Hour mill at Sirncoe anil sold it and built another mill which he operated for some half interest in a flour mill at to Toronto in 1887, when he Known. He is a native Cana- distance from Toronto, in the uaiy 9(h, 1832. His lather County Qii Lancashire, who farmed there. Mr. Edmond- mained on his father's farm He was then interested in a t he County of Grey, and then in the County of Sinicoe, a of fifteen years. In the mean- gether with his brother, built worked it. He afterwards near the town of Orillia, years. He also bought a Oshawa, sold it out and came went into his present Real Estate business. Mr. Edmondson was a member of the Council and School Board ot Orillia for several years. He became a member of the Board of Trade in i886 and is a Reformer in politics. He is a member of the Ancient Order of United Workmen Mr. Edmondson is an enthusiastic Torontonian. BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR I\ JAMES ARTHl'R McMURTRV Mk. Jamks Arthi-r MiMiRTRv, thoiii,vh born at Boumanville, Ont., in 1S48. is of Irish and Kii^lish parentaije. His fatlier is a native of Milllortl, County Caiiow, Ireland, and came to Canada in 1S20, locatinij at Houmain ille. lie is now eif^'iUy-tight years of age and is as hale and active as a man ol sixty vcars o'i a^re. Mr. McMiirtrv's mother was born in the City of York, England. , U The suhject of this sketch was- educated at the Higii | School. Howmanville, and at Victori I College. Mr. Mc- Murtrv commenced business in Toronto in 1870 as a % J^I^^Sl. ' wholesale tea and cotVee im- porter and jobber, which S^. ^ ^^ business he gave up during the boom to enter real estate. ^^ ^^^^Bk. M Alter the collapse of the boom he took up the Life Insurance |p- . WT^^ P* f^/ business and was appointed Managerof the .Masonic Mu- ; . L^^ J^^ r ? mal .Association. In 1892 he resigned the position to r^ ^^^^^^Btci^^ ;,'/'^^ ' ■ ■' ii^'cept the unsolicited posi- tion of Assistant Inspector ll^HK^HlHlttP v i^^^ olVered him by the Manufac- turers' Life Assurance Co. of BHpF^JBBp^K^^!^- ' Toronio. .As' an Insurance Inspector and Insurance So- JKKfl^^^w' ^^^^^ liciior he has been accorded a large amount of success, ^^P^^^^^gj^^^^^^^ written personally ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^HH lite He member the F. & ^|^^^|^^^^^^^^H '^- M., Mystic Shrine, and has ^^l^^^^^^^^^^^^^l P >'*-'* >'>'>'>>i^'<^t grees of Freemasonry. He ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^H is also a member of the Odd- fellows, Foresters. Irish Protestant liene\okni .Society, Mystic Circle and Loyal Orange- men. He is Vice-President of St. Paul's Ward Liberal-Conservative Association. Mr. McMurtry has been a First LieutendUt in tiie 4(ith Battalion. Mr. McMurtry married, in 1875, Jennie Brodie, eldest daughter of the late Thos. Brodie, Esq., Bowmanville. Mr. J.m Tyrone, Irel at the Granj; Strabane lor Canada and he taught s a general He then pu and remain In 1875 he • ness, and 1 Assignee. ' Gormley sta which he w dent of it foi Mr. Ciormle\ 1885. He i lent Societv, Roval St. Pa WArd No. 2 Gormley is the cause ur Mr. Gormie} his time beir who left the SILAS JAMES. Mr. Sii.as J.A.Miis was born in the Towiisliiji ot \'ork, igth June, 18,^4, and was educated at Newmarket and at a Toronto ScJiool. In 185O he settled in Toronto, and studied land surveying in the oHice oi .Messrs. Denison &. Boulton. About the year 1859 he started life for himself as a survevor, and later o\\ went into the mining and lumber business in British Columbia, , being one of the pioneers ince. Mr. James has been a in all that he has turned his he was Engineer for the of Roads. He was a Director pany, when it was known ronto House Building .Asso- ihe Vork Pioneers, a Good tlie Temperance Reformation the Board oi Trade in 1886, politics, is now Independent, the Ontario Industrial Loan Vice-President of the Vork and has been since its incep- a Reformer in politics as this sketch has of la'e years believes with not a few other ■ ;t.»: ■. . . ^ A^ "%%, % V ^wm from Ontario into th:it Prov- successful man o'i business hand to. Vox seven years county and Superintendent of the Land Security Cimi- under the name of the To- ciation. He is a member of Templar, and a member ol Society. Mr. James joined and originally a Reformer in Mr. James was a Director in and Investment Co. ; is now Farmers' Colonization Co., tion about 1884. .Although already stated the subject of become Independent. He - — gentlemen that the best results can be obtained for the country by men who consistently hold themselves aloof from allegiance to eitlier Reform or Conservative politics. .As Vice- President oi the Farmers' Colonization Comp.iny Mr. James takes a deep interest in iinmigration of the right class, and there are feu men belter posted in the subject than he is. The Cit steam navis. city contain lie debt of S laid out hai and square volumes of mills. In its Canadians I keeper, emp well-known Mr. !<:iliott April 13th, place at the chant in upon his me nion Gove ton for til re and ultima & Co. at the Toronto tics is a Ret any of his 1 Canadian w never fails 'ADE SOUVENIR NUMBER, 155 lAMKS CiORMLKV Irish and ag'e horn E SOUVENIR NUMBER. '57 GEORGE PREVOST McKAY. Mr. Gkoroe p. McKay. Estate, Loan and Insurance Broker, 51 King street east, is a son of the late Captain D. Grant McKav, a native of Nova Scotia, who came to Upper Canada about 1836, and took an active part in defeating the rebels in 1S37. Mr. McKay was born the 7th of February, 1840, in the Township of West Gwillambury, County of Simcoe, Ont., and was edu- of the township, and at the For twenty years he was a at Lefroy, Ont., during active part in municipal mat- Reeve of Innisfil, previous Reeve. In 1883 he was Ontario Legislature, continu- when he ceased to be a mem- constituency being merged coe by a redistribution of Toronto in 1887, and has business ever since. In 1868 daughter ot Rev. John Douse. " Spry " Lodge,' A. F. and United Order of Workmen, Legion of Select Knights of cated in the Common School Grammar School, Brad'brd. successful general merchant eighteen of which he took an ters. For many years he was to which he was Deputy elected a member of the ing to be one until 1887, ber in consequence of the into Cardwell and West Sim- seats. Mr. McKay came to been engaged in his present he married Miss Susie Douse, He is a charter member of .\. \L, also a member of the and Commander of the York Canada. He joined the Boanl Mr. McKay is also Inspector of Trade in 1885, and in politics is a Liberal-Conservative. of the Credit Foncier Franco-Canadien Cie. Although, as already stated, a firm believer in the political views of the late Sir John A. Macdonald, Mr. McKay has little leisure to bestow on things political, and devotes all his attention to his business. AVERN PARDOE. Mr. Avkrn Parook was born in the classical and beautiful Town of Stratford-on- Avon, England, in 1845. He was educated at King Edward VT.'s Collegiate (Jrammar School, Stratford, a famous school in which, tradition says, "Shakespeare acquired his After leaving scliool, Mr. Pardee entered a law office, and Spending a few months in cago and entered the field of Western Rural. He remained then on the invitation of ed to Toronto to join the remained for fifteen years, paper as Managing-Editor, years. It was while Mr. Globe staff that Hon. George oflke by an employee named the last or almost the last before Bennett entered the deed. Mr. Pardee became a Trade in i88g. He is a A. F. and A. M., a member Chapter, and of the Scottish member of the National Club, and a Liberal in politics. Recently Mr. Pardoe has retired from journalism and is now in the real estate business, and the many friends he has made in his literary career regret his absence from the newspaper arena. Fearless in his utterances, Mr. Pardoe never hesitates to speak his mind on all the public questions of the day. little Latin and less Creek." came in 1872 to Canada, this country he went to Chi- journalism as Editor of the in Chicago two years, and Hon. Geo. Brown he return- statV of the Globe, where he ending his career on that a position he held for some Pardoe was a member of the Brown was shot in his own Bennett. ?>rr. Pardoe was man to speak to Mr. Brown room and committed the member of the Board of member of Ashlar Lodge of the Royal Arch St. Paul's Rite, 32 degree. He is a i>S BOARD OF TRADE] w > 1 , 1 1 1 1 ■. 1 1 j III LHAUI.1':S TKARSON. Very few real estate men in Toronto are better known than Mr. Cmari-ks Pkarson, of the firm of Pearson Bros., 17 Adehiide street east. The parents of Mr. Pearson arrived in Toronto from Dublin, Ireland, in the year 1846, and two years later Charles was born. He was educated at Upper Canada College, at the time when Mr. Michael Barritt was Principal. His father, Mr. Marmaduke Pearson, was well known in the commer- been at one time the proprie- Clothing Store, on Kinj;- for his partner, subsequently John Macdonald, when he street, known in the days lo^^." The first business in was engajjed was Book- late Riffht Reverend Bishop tain Strachan, both of whom in the city. Leavinjf them, son went into the real estate under the name of Pearson it ever since. He joined the is a member of the Board of tion. Mr. Pearson is a cial circles of Toronto, having' tor of the " Mammoth " street, with Mr. Thompson buying out the late Hon. kept a store at lo"^ \'onge that are past as "The Large which Mr. Charles Pearson keeper and Manager for the Strachan, and his son Cap- owned considerable property twenty years ago, Mr. Pear- business with his brother, Bros., and has continued in Board of Trade in 18H5, and Arbitration of that organiza- Conservatise in politics. He is a Past President of the Athenieum Club, a member of the Albany and National Clubs, a Past Master of " Doric " Masonic Lodge, a member of the A.O.U.W., Select Knights, K.P., and LO.O.I''. He is an old member of the "Old Ontario" Lacrosse twelve, and worked to a successful issue the Athenieum Bicycle Club. 4- A. E. HAGERMAN. Mr. A. E. Hacikrman, a well known City Accountant, 324 Berkeley street, was born at Hagerman's Corners, York County, Ont., September lotli, i860. He acquired his education at the public school near his home, and at Markham High School. At the age of twenty he came to Toronto and entered the office of Messrs. M. and L. Samuel Benja- min & Co., Hardware Mer- , chants, Vonge street, and later was attached to the Toronto. During the "boom" early eighties, he resigned engage in the lumber busi- city, his yard being located Morse streets, where he con- when he sold out to Messrs. takes a deep interest in has been an esteemed mem- School Board since January, he occupied the position of Committee of the Board, very creditable manner to of his colleagues and tlie a Liberal-Conservative. He staff of the Ontario Bank in in Toronto property in the his position in the bank, to ness in the east end of the at the corner of Queen and tinned until the end of 1892, Reid & Co.^ Mr. Hagerman public school matters, and ber of the Toronto Public i8go. During the year 1892 Chairman of the Finance which position he filled in a himself and to the satisfaction public. In politics he is joined the Board of Trade in is considered active, energetic 1885, and as a business man and ambitious. He is well known among the accountants and mercantile men of the city, and conducts a very successful business, and in ail his commercial dealings he always held the respect and esteem of his colleagues and alt with whom his duties brought him in touch. blJ^D OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUMBER. Chaki.ks Pkarson, Vir. Pearson arrived Charles was born. Vlichael Barritt was ke Pearson, was s of Toronto, havinj^ the " Mammoth " ith Mr. Thompson ut the hite Hon. tore at \os \'on{je )ast as "The Large ■. Charles Pearson id Manager for the and his son Cap- nsiderable property ars ago, Mr. Pear- with his brother, J has continued in Trade in 1885, and in of that organiza- live in politics. He nd National Clubs, v.. Select Knights, icrosse twelve, and WAI.TKR Sl'THKULAM") I.RK. Mk. Wai.tkr Suthkki.and Li;k is a native of Toronto, having been born on King street east, on October 18th, i83(). His parents were Knglish and of a good old \'ork- shire family, his father having kept a general store in the City of ^'ork, and was also a captain in the V'ork militia. Mr. Lee wa^; educnted at Mair's Private Academy, Toronto, and commenced his commer Gas Company's employ. In of the Western Canada Loan became Managing-Director, holds. Mr. Lee has led a been a Director of the To Chairman of Toronto Gen- the Public School Board ; Board ; President of the t)kl Director of the Toronto In- twenty-seven years he has schools, and for twenty-two tion for the High Schools, public ofikes and usefulness rector of the Confederation member of a Company oi a captain in the old Seden- when that gallant corps existed A. F. and A. M cial career as a clerk in the 18(14 'i*-* hecame the Manager and Savings Co., and in 1887 a position which he still busy and active life. He has ronto and Nipissing Railway; eral Hospital ; Chairman of Chairman of the High School Mechanics' Institute, and is a dustrial Lxhibition. For been a Trustee of the public years has held a similar posi- Nor is the list of Mr. Lee's yet complete. He is a Di- Life Association, and was a Volunteers in 1857, and was tary Militia of York county, is a Past Master of King Solomon Lodge _^ Mr. Lee ._. _. ^^ „ and Past Grand Steward Grand Lodge of Canada, Royal Arch and Knights Templar. He joined the Board of Trade in 1865, and has always taken an active pan in its welfare. In politics he is a L'beral-Conservative. y street, was born He acquired his chool. At the age I L. Samuel Benja- onge street, and Ontario Bank in property in the |n in the bank, to east end of the her of Queen and the yix\^ of i8q2, Mr. Hagerman |iol matters, and Toronto Public ling the year 1892 lot the Finance lion he filled in a :o the satisfaction politics lie is loard of Trade in active, energetic men of the city, he always held K brought him in JOHN I'OCCHFR. Mr. John PouchiiR, Real Estate Broker and Builder, No. 377 Sackville street, was born in the Township of Pickering, County and Province of Ontario, October 5th, 1848. His parents, now both deceased, came from Kngland, and about 1840 took up land in the same township, being among the earliest settlers. When about tweny years of age Mr. Poucher embarked in thebuilding busi Toronto in 1871. For a (ew was with the firm of Messrs. ers. He then started on his contractor, at the same time ]n 1884 he opened an office afterwards removed to tlio he devoted most of his ener- ness. In 1888 he practicalh- business, turning his atten- present to building and Mr. Poucher has built from for himself, which he has ment to those desirous oi and out of the large number law suit with a purchaser, plastering than anv other ness in Pickering, removing to months after his removal he Marshall and Wilson, Build- own account as a builder and speculating in real estate, on Court street, and shortly V'onge street arcade, where i^ies to the commission busi- discontinued the commission lion from that time to the speculating in real estate, five to thirty houses a year sold on easy terms of pay- acquiring their own homes, he has yet to have his first At o\\ go large Company's bus after providing, ing the thirty-i di\ idend of twe its reserve fum. chief executive the Hoard of College and His Association, Oi pany, member c the years, 187 1, SIMEON HEMAN JANES, M.A. Among the many successful and prominent business men of Toronto is Mr. S. H. Janhs. He was born in the good old County of Oxford, February 5th, 1843. He received his early education in the Cirammar School at higersoU, then at the High School in the same town, and in i86i entered Victoria University, from which he graduated H.A. in 1866, being admitted to the , 1 degreeof M.A. six years later. Educated for the profession tions were all in favor of 1866 he settled in Toronto as house. Mr. Janes turned his 1879, a time when that busi- utter stagnation. He secured vacant land, and then com- advertising, spending many attention to the advantages cial, social and legal centre growth in population came, for dwelling houses and busi- the great increase in value of ready sale for his choice pro- one of the largest, boldest. k '^^ B^^^Bqc^v ■ E m ^ .f ^hb. 1 ^BW ^^^Hr''*~^, ^ of law, Mr. Janes' predilec- commercial pursuits, and in the head of a large dry goods attention to real estate in ness was in a condition of large areas of well located menced a system of judicious thousand dollars in calling of Toronto as the commer- of the Province. The rapid and the consequent demand ness places, and therefore vacant land. Mr. Janes found perties, and soon became shrewdest and most success- His transactions were on a ful operators on the market large scale, the results invariably having been a tribute to his judgment, as well as to his daring. its proceeding: Church. He joined the Board of Trade in 1884, and has always taken great interest in ;dings. He is a member of the A. F. & A. AL, and a member of the Anglican Mr. Willi Agent, Alliston, Massachusett, ] Wallace, Dealei sketch came to 1858, and set After receiving employ of Mess Manufacturers he remained foi expiration of t Chase Brothers men, being tl leaving that firn a partnership w Messrs. Walla nership lasted dissolved, Mr. 1 Mr. Wallace c with it that of i which he stil R. A. C. Masoi passed through also a member ( of Trade in 18 '>E SOUVENIR NUMBER. •59 JOHN HKKHKRT MASON. Mk. John HrcKMiiui Mason, President and Manajjing Director of the Canada Per- manent lA)an and Savinjjs Co., Toronto street, is well lwnship of luont, when the subject ^.^i of ajfe. Mr. McC'onnell was sell on the ^ih of June, in the \\\\S_ the public sciiool in the twenty-two years took a father in Osnabrock town- three or ft)ur years. He business at Aults\'ille, coun- remained for some time, at came to Toronto on the 31)1 The first business he en- of produce, addinjj to it coal years ago he sold out the brokerage and real estate. well and disposed of a con- at good prices, the drawback Osnabrock, county of Stor- this sketch was seven years born in the township of Rus- year iH^H, and after attend- to wnship, at the age of farm next to thai of his ship, which he worked for next went into the produi:e ty of Stormont, where he the expiration of which he ol June, in the year 1879. gaged in in this city was that and wood as well. I-'our business, and engaged in As such Mr. McConnell did siderable amount \.>i property being, that, like most other real estate brokers, after sellini^ property at a fair tigui' owing to the general depression some of it came back on his hands, the purchasers being nable to make their payments. Mr. McConnell became a member of the Board o{ Trade in ibi' year iS8(), and in politics is a .staunch Liberal-Conservative. II HKNRV DIXON PHILLIPS ARMSTRONG. Mr. Hknrv Dixon Phillips Armstkono, General Agent in the city of Toronto tor the Guardian Fire and Life Assurance Company, corner of King and Toronto streets, is a son of the late William Blosse .Armstrong, ol Holy Cross, County of Tipperary, Ireland, late retired oHlcer of H. M. gth Regiment oi Lancers, who married a daughter of the late Mr. Richard Phillips, of Gaile , House, County of Tipperary. Mr. Armstrong was educated County, Ireland, and about his business career by enter- Wm. Hogg & Co. , Wholesale Dublin, with which firm he to this country in the )ear Canada Mr. Armstrong en- C. Whitney, with whom he when he became connected Life Assurance Company land, and for which Company Agent in the city of Toronto. Board of Trade in the year Board a certificate numbered Mr. Armstrong is a member at Portarlington, Queen's the year iHb8 he commenced ing the office of Messrs. Merchants, in the city of was connected until he came 1872. After his arrival in tered the oilice oi Mr. J. W. remained until the year 1878, with the Guardian Fire and (Limited) of London, I^.ng- lie now acts as General He becaine a member of the 1883, receiving from the 472, and dated March, 1886. of the Toronto Club, Royal loria Club, and Ontario Canadian Yacht Club, Vic- , Jockey Club. The Guardian Fire and Lite Assurance Company of London, England, is a well known financial institution standing high in the estimation of the public. It was established in the year 182 i, and has a subscribed capital of $10,000,000, paid-up capital of $5,000,000, and total funds over $32,000,000. )ARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUMIiF.R. io. 26 Voii};-o street dcscoiit. Hi)tl» Ills kciir iH^7, sctlliiiff in 54, conLcssit>n 4, and cl\, coiinly of Slor- cli was seven years Ik- lnvvnsliip oi Rus- and al'tcr attend- at the a}^e of xl lo thai of his iIlIi he worked for lit into tiio produce torniont, wliere he i rat ion of wliich he in the year 1879. I in this city was that \.-\\\ as well. Four and en^afjed in Mr. McConneli did i ainonnt o'i property lat, hke most other le jjfeneral depression naiisippi steamboats turniii}^ to Canada Mr. Tench ries for a couple of years, ductor on the old (Ireat years. He farmed in Stam- years, and operated tiie House from 1H7S until iSHS. ciated with himself Mr. J. R. his present Insurance ami under the name of Tench cK: came a member of the To- year i8H(), and in politics is a one ol the School Trustees at Niajjara Falls, where he is well known and esteemed. Like all men who have travelled and seen sometliiui^ of the world, Mr. Tench, when he feils in the humour, can tell some interestinj^f tales of what he has seen and of what has happened to himself during his younpfer days. ton, on the \ia>.j.ira River, exciting and eventful life men. .\Her leaving school great lakes until the \ear went West and worked on until the _\car 1841). Re- worked the (Jueenston (Juar- wlien he engaged as a con- Western Railway tor ten ford Township for eight Chippewa Mills and .Nlalt That year Mr. Tench asso- Peckham, and established Cieneral Brokerage business Peckham. Mr. Tench iie- ronto Hoard of Trade in the Liberal Conservative. He is ty of Toronto for the onto streets, is a son pperary, Ireland, late ^rhter Vii the late Mr. County of Tipperary. tarlington, Queen's - i8()8 he commenced : office of Messrs. Ills, in the city of inected until he came After his arrival in e oilice o'i Mr. J. W. d until the year 1878, e Guardian Fire and \) of London, L-ng- V acts as General line a member of the receiving from the .1 dated March, 1886. Foronto Club, Royal Jlub, and Ontario :indon, England, is a the public. It was >,ooo, paid-up capital JAMKS DC NT) AS. Mu. J.\.Mi:s nt'MiAs, a retired merchant since the year 1886, and now residing at Heer Park, North Toronto, is of Irish descent, and w^is born in the city of Sligo, Ireland, .April 8th, in the year 1838. His father was engaged in business as a Wholesale Drv (iooJs merchant. The subject of this sketeh came to this country in cr -any with his brother in the year 1851 , and settled, . ^ in , rst place, in the vil- lage of StoutTville, County of mercantile career in this the village of .Atha, in the of Ontario, where he remain- From Atha Mr. Dundaswent of V'ork, and continued as a lage for a period oi fifteen large and very successful the year 1886 he was enabled and has not been engaged in Dundas left Whitevale he ronto, where he resided for he removed to his present Dundas became a member of yea*- 1880, and in politics port to the Reform party. ^'orK He commenced his country in a general store at West Riding of the County ed for a period of five years, to Whitevale. in the County general merchant in that vil- years, carrying on a very business, so much so that in to retire with a competency, business since. WMien Mr. removed to the city of To- a period of three years, when residence at Deer Park. Mr. the Hoard of Trade in the votes for and gives his sup- While in business Mr. Dun- das was well n.novvn throughout the Counties of Y'ork and Ontario as an upright and honorable merchant, whose success was due to his own ability and integritv, and although retired from active business life he continuos to take a deep interest in the welfare and progress of Toronto, in the future of which he has great faith. r BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR Nl JOHN SMALL. Mr. John Small, Collector ol" Customs at the Port of Toronto, was bom in the city, October 8th, 1831, and was educated at Upper Canada Col]et,'-e and at the Home District Grammar School. Mr. Small is of Knglish descent. His ^Taiulfathor emiij-rated to Canada years aijo from Cirencester, (lloiicestorshiro, and was appointed Clerk of the Crown and ment oi Upper Canada in Pleas of the First Parlia- 1792. Ot this Parliament Speaker. On the death of the father of the subject of Clerk of the Crown and Mr. Small was appointed Queen's Bench. He entered presented East Toronto in re-elected for the .same con- was appointed to his present toms at Toronto. In 1877 member of the Toronto City ported the Heatty by-laws, toba & Northwest Land i^o.^ Hat Coal Co., and a director Brick Co. He joined the has been an active member Mr. John Macdonell was Mr. John Small, his son and this sketch was appointed Pleas, .-\ftcr leaving school taxing ollicer oi the Court oi political life in 1SS2 and re- the House of Commons; was stituency in 1887; and in 1891 position oi Collector of Cus- and 1878 Mr. Small was a Council, and strongly sup- lie is a director oi the Mani- President of the Medicine oi the Rosedale Pressed Hoard of Trade in i88() and oi it ever since. In politics he is a staunch Liberal-Conservative and was ■> warm personal friend of the late Sir John Ms'.cdonald. Mr. J]mall has travelled extens.vely in lunvpe, and is highly reg;irded by all who know him. In his present important oilice he has th^* esteem oi tiie entire mer- cantile communitv. Mk. Hak Financial and of Toronto, ai Board of Trac Canada Colle men of Ontari of age Mr. Bank, and afte Life Company went into busi oi the Toroi uary, i8c)3, he Jarvis under does a satisfji Debentures, 1 Agents for t land. Mr. V matters, and i a member oft! and holds He has been t Foot Ba'' Clu Treasurer of Board of Trac of Ionic Lodg MARK HULL IRISH. Mk. Makk Hill Ikish, for thirty-nine years a resident oi Toronto, was born at Shel- burne. State of Vermont, July 4th, i83(). He was educated at tiie public schools of his nati\e place and at Hinesburgh, \'t. At the age of tliirieen he commenced life for himself as a cabin boy aboard tlie steamer Whitehall, plying on Lake Chaniplain, gradually workmg his way up in the employ of the Steamship Co. until he reached the position of steward. Mr. Irish next entered the employ of the National I-lxpress Co. as a messenger between Bm-ling- ^^t^ ton and Keeseville, crossing Lake Chaniplain during the j^^ ""Ilk winter months on the ice. He continued in this employ m y-; ''^"^ eighteen years, being gradually promoted from the iK) ^ ■] position of messenger to tliat of a clerk in the head oii\c^ ^Oi* - ** of the company at Troy, and then to the position oi Chief ^^. Manager oi the same oflice. In 1859 he was appointeil by flL,' ^ tiie .American iH: Canadian l^xpress Co. their CJeneral .^^^j^^L^^^^^I^^ .Agent for 'Toronto, and he opened an ollrce in this city. ^j^Hl^j^^^^^H^ After ten years experience of the businesj. in Canada, he ^tFmMSK^KF / g''ive it up and entered into partnership with Mr. Thorn- 1 .JPw^HI* / ''^ McClaw as Proprietors of the Queen's Hotel, Toron- 'r ' ^"' ''"'■' *'^*^ Queen's Hotel, .Niagara. This partnership ontinued for two years, when Mr. Irish withdrew and went to Madison, Wis., where he rented the Par', ^lotel, ultimately becoming the Proprietor and Manager of it. In 1871 he returned to Toronto and leased the Rossin House, and was the Proprietor of it until 1888. Mr. Irish then sold out and went into the Banking and Brokerage business, at which he still continues. He became a member of the Board if Trade in 188;^ Mr. Sa\ known in Cai at one time ^ in the Island was educated versity oi 'Tri career as Sq Assurance C imlil 1871), w Compari)' at since. .Mr, Loiuion Assi and .\geiit surance L'o taken a dee|-> mand oi a years. In 1: pedition to \ ley, as an i quently held when he reti thusiaslicya sports. He and is recogi ried to a dai II HE SOUVENIR NUMBER i6i HARRY FLADGATK WYATT. Mk. Harry Fi.adoate Wyatt, senior partner of the lirm of Wyatt & Jarvis, Stock, Financial and l""xc!ianj;;-e I^roloard of Trade in 1876, presented any consti- ry few men in the city e is a Reformer. li He is regarded ked host of friends. Mk. W Oxford, Out. His ichusetts ; his mother nt\' in the early days m Staten Island, U.S. chool in West Oxford ompleting his studies bookkeeper in a mer- merchants, where he years was employed oronto in 1872, and Mr. Reed then went rwards assuming the In 1867 he married Co. He joined the RAVN.ALn I). GAMBIJ-:. The Dominion Bank of Toronto is one of the soundest financial institutions in the city, with a capital in 1871 of $1,000,000, and in 1888 of $1,500,000. It now has a reserve fund of $i,:?oo,ooo, with agencies in Ontario, Quebec, London (Kngland) and New York, Mk. Raynai.o D. G.\mhi.i;, the Manager of the Toronto office, is a son oi Mr. Clarke Gamble, <;^. BOARD OJ'' TRAlX MKDI.AN'I) .H; JONI-S. The lirm of Mkpi.wp i\: |i>m:s, (icneral Agents tor llio Scoiisli I'liioii iV National In , Co. of lulinhoro, with i>l1ices in thv' Mail Muililinj^, is one u\ ll-li\vn anionj,' insiiranco nu- in the city. Mr. William .\. McilLmd, tho senior partner olliu' linn, is the son of Capl a i Metllaiid, an iMi^lish .\rniy olllcer, and was horn at Hiinsialile, lietlfortlshire, September Sil 1.S54. .Alter actjiiiring iiis ev.!iien at Mar- net, and subsec|iiently at Bruf,'es, in Helj^'ium, Mr. Medland eanie lo Canada in 1S70 and settled in Toronto the same year. For some years he was connect- ed with dilVerent In- surance Companies, anionj^ them the Hea- ver. 'I'oronto .Mnlnal, and the Provincial In- surance. .Mr. Medland then entered into his present partnership with Mr. Jones as tien- eral .\t;ents for the Scotish Cnion \- National Co. He is a retired Captain K.-i'i the Queen's Own Rilles, a memhei of Ionic lA)J}.;:e .\. I'". iV \. M., and of the Royal Arcanum, lie became a member of the Board of Trade in 1885 and in politics is a Conservative Mr. .Alphonsus Frederick Jones, the other partner in the firm, is the son of the late Dr. Charles .\. Jones, a Member of the Royal College oi Surj^^eons, ICngland. He was born in Halton County in 1S32, and was educated in the Toronto Grammar School. He commenced his commercial career in 1867 with the Canada Permanent Loan and Savinj;-s ^o., with whicli Company he remained for seven years, subsequently he became connected with the Stadacona Insurance ilo., and was Secretary-Treasurer of the Hoiler Inspection and Insurance Co. for six years. He entered into partnership with Mr. W. A. Medland in 1H83, and became a member oi the Board of Trade in i8Hb, and in politics is a Reformer. Mr. Jones is connected with the .\ F. & A. M. W. .\. Meplano. A. F. |om:s. JOHN BARKKR HAGKR. Mr. John B.xkkkk 1v\oi:k, of box Spadina .Avenue, retired Real Fstale Broker and Capitalist, was born at Blessinjj^ton, County VVicklow, Ireland, November 5th, 1835, his father being a large stock farmer in the County. Mr. Hager was educated at private schools in Blessington and remained in Ireland with his parents until he was seventeen years old, when he came to Canada by sailing ship to Quebec, going direct to Hamilton, Ont., 'vhere he remained from 185J lo 1S82. On arriving at Hamilton he first went into the grocery business at which he remained only a short time, then securmg a position in the Hamilton Post Office as .Accountant. He was superannuated on account of illhealth in 1877. .After a rest of oidy two days Mr. Fager was appointed Inspector of an Insurance Co., and was subsequently made Manager of the same Company. Relinquishing the posi- tion, he came to Toronto and embarked in the Real Estate and Land Brokerage business, at which he was very successful, during the boom going abroad to avoid being caught in the general crash. In 1889 he retired from the business altogether. Mr. Eager is a mem- ber of Old Barton Lodge, Hamilton, .A. F. & A. M., and was for nine years a School Trustee in Hamilton. He joined the Board ot Trade in 1886 ^.nd, although neutral in politics and independent of any political party, Mr. Imager is ever ready to make his influence felt on the side of right and public purity. He is a firm believer in the future oi Canada, and particularly of Toronto, in the welfare of which he is so deeply interested. nC'.IA'/) OF TRADE SOUVENIR iV I'M HER. Union i\: N;itiun;il Ins. 1 anuin>^ inMiianco nioii 1, is tile siMi of Captain riisiiire, September 8tii, A. !•'. JONKS. sOwn laities, a nieniher ecanie a member of tiie lonsiis Frederici< Jones, ones, a Member of tlie oimty in 1S5J, and was nmercial career in i8()7 iipany lie remained for nsiirance Co., and was six years. He entered ember ci'i tiie Board of witli tiie A V. & A. M. al Kstate Broker and nember 51)1, 1S35, Iiis s educated at private ntii lie was seventeen ^ direct to Hamilton, lllon lie first went into [secLinrii;;- a position in 11 account of illheaith ectorofan Insurance elinqiiisiiini>; tiie posi- 1 Brokerage business, void being- caught in Mr. Imager is a mem- ears a School Trustee leutral in politics and his inlluence felt on ture o'i Canada, and ted. HTGO KRANZ. The manufacturing Town of Merlin, in Western Ontario, is the home of many promi- nenl Canadians of (lermaii descent, and none more so, or better known outside of Berlin and its neighborhood, than Mk. Hii.i> Kuan/, the subject of this sketch. lie is the son rf an oHicer in the (lerman Army, and was born at Lehrback, in the (irand I)uch\ oS. Ilesse- .■/armstadt, Cermanv. June i.^th, 1S34. After studying at the I'olytechnical Scliool at Darmstadt Mr. Krai'i/ when _'i years of age came to Canada and, together v ith his father as a partner, settled in Berlin as Cieneral Merchants. This partnership lasted until the year 1S75, when the subject of this sketch carried on the business alone under the lirm iiame of C. Kraiiz iV Son, as (ieneral Merchants and Private Bankers. Last May the firm retired from the retail store business and Mr. Kranz is now acting as Managing Director of the liconomical .Mutual I""ire Insurance Company \.^'i Berlin. Some idea of the estimation in which Mr. Kran/ is held in Berlin can be gathered from the fact that he has been elected Mayor of the town for four years, and has represented the Riding of North Waterloo in the House of Commons for eight years, from 1H7S to iS.S(). .Mr. Kranz became a member of the Toronto Board of 'I'rade in i8H() and in politics is a staunch Conservative. Tlunigli tierman by birth and education, .Mr. Kranz is tlu>roughly Canadian in sentiment and a lirm believer in the future <-^'i his adopted country. He has no sympathy with those who would like to see Canada annexed to the I'nited States. ASHLK\' RICHARD RICHES. Mk. Asiii.kv RiiUAKn Riiiiics, Broker, Chicago, is a Car.adian by birth and was born in the village of Oakville, County oi Halton, Ont. His parents were both linglisli and came to Canada some time in the Thirties, settling in Halton County, where Mr. Riches, senior, operated saw mills and manufactured lumber. After acquiring his education at the Barrie Cirammar School, the subject of our sketch commenced his mercantile career in the year 1870 as an olfice boy with the old liunber house (^i .Messrs. Thompson. Smith i*<: Son, whose yard and oflice were opposite the Queen's hotel. Mr. Riches remained with the firm five years, and on leaving entered the employ of .Messrs. S. C. Kanady & Co. After a few- years he became a partner ;ind the business was continued by Mr. Kanady and Mr. Riches until the summer of the year i.Siji. The firm of .Messrs, S. C. Kanady & Co. was at one time the principal lumber house in Toronto, but owing to the many failures throughout Canada, the firm decided to withdraw from business. Mr. Riches is now conducting a brokerage business in the City of Chicago, but he still retains business interests in the Dominion. He was ut one time President of the Holmes Electric Protection Co. oi Toronto, and was the fi -st President of the Canadian Homestead Loan Co., Toronto. Mr. Riches has been presiding officer of Wilson Lodge .\. V . ^ \. .M., and is a member of the Royal .Arcanum. He became a member t.'^'i ilie Board of Trade in 1885 and in politics is a Reformer. Wiicn a resident of Toronto he held no public ollices, his business engagements recjuiring all his attention. ROBERT (ENKINS. HOARD 01' TRADE SOUVENIR NV \VI 1.1,1AM MifAin:. Mk. Wii.i.iam MiCaiji:, I,I,.H., IM.A., V.w^,, \\A\\\\^\y\^ l^irecfor aiul Acliiary ^-^i the North American Life Assurance Company, Toronto, was horn at I'icton, Out., in 1S35. Mr. McCabe acquired his early education at the I'icton (iraniniar School, anil subsequently followed up his studies at the I'liiversity Collefie, Toronto, and at the I'niversity ol London, l^iij^land. .At an _ early a^'^e he was in charge ge he was \x\ chargt itterwards was Principal of ami then i'rincipal ot the Mis intention was to follow after spendinj^ some time in firm his attention was attract- Insurance. lie tiiereupon (iencral Aj^ent ami Superin- \ew \'ork Insurance Com- call to return to Canada as Confederation Life .\ssocia- started on its career, .\fier work he resigned his posi- needed rest by visiting through Kurope. During devoted much time and at- theoretical branch of Life of a country school, and Whitby (irammar School, (trammar School at Oshawa. the profession of Law, but the office of a leading Toronto ed to the lect of Life gave up and became tendent of .Agencies f^i a pany, and later, accepted a General .NLinager o'i the tion, which Company he about three years' arduous tion and sought a much (ireat Mritain and travelling his visit to Great Britain, lie tention to the study of »he . ^ Insurance, and became a l-'ellow of the Institute of .Actuaries of tireal Britain and Ireland, and subsequently was made a I'ellow of the Royal Statistical Society oi Knglaml. lie is also a member of the Actuarial Society oi .Atnerica. In religion he is an Kpiscopalian and in politics a Reformer, although he has never taken an active part in political matters. He became a member of the Board of Trade in the year 1HS5. He is a member oi the Masonic body, in which he has held high otlices, .imong them P. I). D.li. M., and is oi the rank Scof rite 32 degrees, and had the honor of a seat on the platform at .Albert Hall, London, and, on the occasion when the Prince oi Wales was made Grand Master of the Mas.,. ody. He is a member of man}' of the Clubs, among which mii^lit be men- tioned the Reform, National, Toronto .Athletic and .\then;eum. The North .American Life is one oi the most successful Canadian companies, its financial position being unexcelled, and its proportion of surplus to liabilities being in excess ^:s'i that oi any oi its competitors. The Company was the pioneer to introduce the system of the Prompt Payment of Death Losses, and was among the earliest in the intro- duction of the Investment forms of policies which have become so popular of late years with most of the leading companies. Mk. John Co., northwest Board i:s{ Tradi Mechanic's Ins Board in 1H70 ; dent in iHHo, i interest in the ] was born at Al in the same pla old, and his mc other very y and the three o'i a s.iiling ve; Mi>rison came a junior in a salary of ^.'5 pi years and thei the store of \ and his bo.ird. returned to To Mr. Leask, : tered the empli and salesman, he started for I business for tvv British .Americ; of the North . Bruce Railway Council. Mr. politics he is a in Free Trade ported the poli negotiate a tr Mr. Brown sui double what again and trj defeated at th; ?/>; sou I EN I R NIMHKR. 167 JOHN MORI SON. Mk. JiMiN MoKisoN, until last spriiij^ tlie (iovtrnor of the British Amorica Assurance -,. Co., nnrlhwest corner of Scott and Front Streets, is one of the oldest members of the ly Board of Trade, lie joined in iK(;4, wiien the meetinj^s o'( the Board were held in the old {.•si Meehanic's Institute on C'iuirch Street, now the Public Library. lie was Treasurer nf the Board in iHjoand iHyi.vice- ____^ President in iHjc) and Presi- dent in iSHo, and from first to last has taken an active interest in the proceedinj^s of the Board. Mr. Morison was born at .Allo.-i, Scotland, ^,,^^. .\pril, iH-^c), and was educated in the same place. I lis lather mBB^^b^ died when he was ten years old, and his mother two years ^r^^^HK|t later. In company with two other very youthful com- ■to^Bk T^» p.iniiMis he went to Cilast^ow, and the three oS. them en- ^T^^ 'v'^'' j;aj.;ed a berth in the steeraj.^e {.s'l a sailinj^ vessel bound for ., JMiji^ Cjuebec. i'he same year .NIr. Morison came to Toronto ^K^''^ '"''•' ^'btained employment as a junior in a store on Kinf,^ ^W^ .^ Street, at the mafrniticent salar\ i>f ^,'5 per year antl his .^^^^^^t^^^^ boaril. He remained two years and then went to the ^^^M^B^^^^^^Kf \ illa^e o{ Weston clerk in the store of Mr. Somerville 9P|ijB^^R^^^A ''^ '^ salary K^i $10 per month and his board. He remained rfsKFJfWl^f one year at Weston and then returned to Toronto and was '^i^^.'^^ for two years employed by Mr. Leask, a j^'rocer, on -— • ' ^'onfre Street. He then en- tered the employ of Messrs. Howland iS: T'itch, wholesale j>^rocers, Church Street, as clerk and salesman, and remained with the firm for live years. .At the expiration {.^i that period he started for himself as a wholesale f^rocer on T'ront .Street I'^ast, whei ,*j,.v:; :^''^ ■■•'*>*■ If. -rr^ lOHONTC STREET RAILWAY ELECTRIC CAR. BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUAi DAK INDIISTRIKS OF r is only within the last \\\o decades that Toronto has become known as a great indus- trial centre. But from the time when imports of manufactures from the United States and fabrics from Clreat Britain were somewhat restricted in favor of home-made goods, it became evident that the Queen City was destined to excel in that direction, as she had already done in transportation facilities, in the distribution of products, in general comn'orce, in lake tratVic, in politics, literature and architecture. Of course, there Iiave always been industries and manufacturing establishments in Toronto Even Little ^'ork w-as not entirely destitute of these important adjuncts to pro- gross. Hut de\elopment was slow, and citizens o( enterprise in earlier days seemed to devote themselves more to the distribution of English products, and the foundation of large wholesale houses, than to the promotion of local manufacturing. In 1S47, there were hartlly two dozen industrial concerns of any imiiortance in the entire city. Oi these the extensive furniture manufactory of Jacques tK: Hay was periiaps the most important. Established in 1S35, it carried on for over half a century a large and profitable business, exporting goods to the United Kingdom in considerable quantities, and maintaining a high reputation at several iniernational l"-xhibitions, notably the Philadelphia Centennial. P'ounded two years before Incorporation, the well-known firm of Lyman Bros. & Co., .Manufacturing Chemists, early became known beyond the bounds of Toronto, and were long recognized as unrivalled in the manufacture of nitrate of silver, sulphur and ether. .Another well-known name fifty years ago was that of J. D. Nasmith, Senior, who had just commenced the manufacture of biscuits — a pioneer enterprise which has since been largely followed up. while about the same time I^. .M. .\Iorphy, Sons & Co. began the manufac- ture o\' Watches, Clocks and Jewellery, the senior partner in the firm being one oi the pioneers of Toronto in person, as well as in trade. The large blacking and glue factory controlled at the present time by .\lderman Daniel Lamb, was first established in 1837, and now manufactures largely for a demand which includes Great Britain, the United States and Continental Europe in its scope. Another important concern started in 1842, and still established in the midst of the Metropolis which has succeeded to the little town in which it commenced business, is that of Copp, Clark & Co., Manufacturing Stationers, who carry on a large business, not limited by any means to Ontario Amongst the other industries which existed in 1847, were the steam-mills of Ciooderham & Worts, the paper factory of John Taylor & Bros., and the piano factory of John Thomas, while J. R. .Arm- strong and IL H. Cheney & Co. manufactured stoves, P. tV R. Coate and Peter Feeland made soaps and candles, J. .A. Cull manufactured starch, and Samuel Shaw made axes. Such is a tolerably complete list of the manufactures of this great city about half a cenuirv ago. It was nothing to boast of, but at the same time was all that could reasonablv be expected in a town which aimed rather at mercantile than industrial supremacy, and which was under the influence of the peculiar fiscal system then preva- lent throughout the liritish Ivmpire. During the succeeding twenty years some progress \> as made, but it was in the teeth of great difficulties. The repeal of the British preferen- tial trade systen and the States, Tariff uncertain the duties upon Hon. Mr. Howl ture of paper, increased. .An being constantly to fifteen per ce Buchanan, M.P ence to his own point : •• I li> finii hai uciuld he (III llie tea fiK-o ill iliL' (liitifs, s] a Iriiublod dicaiu. lie liad already allui lieCdiii'iig ciitilled to influoncc in Mdiitror Making an doubt of the inj of 1837 supcrve \ irtue oi the Ro general througl industrial activ by the .Americ; opposed to the Still, then Report of the 1 the manufactu spices and mu!- made for home much to the di; later period, in and $374, oG() \ the populatioi national condii not under that the manufactu in that year w Mr. Boeckh, ^ E SOUVENIR NUMBER. 169 IBS OF TORONTO i tial trade system threw our markets more or less open to the manufactures of both Eng-land and the States, and subjected the few existins^ concerns to a most severe competition. TarilT uncertainly added to the troubles of the period. Mr. Gait as Receiver-General, raised the duties upon American ^oods in if^5C), and from a statement made some years later by Hon. Mr. Howland, the effect of his action seems to have been beneficial, -the manufac- ture of paper, of wool, of wooden ware and agricultural implements having- largely increased. An immense number of tanneries were aI>o established. But the tariff was being constantly changed and amended until in iS()() it was lowered all round from twenty to fifteen per cent. In a speech delivered at Toronto on December 17th, 1863, Hon. Isaac Huchanan, M.P. P., illustrated the disastrous consequences of these alterations by a refer- ence \o his own business. Though not a manufacturing one, the instance is sufficiently in point : " Ills firm hnd h;i(l twn ships coming; fniiii Chiiui, nnd inic Ircjiii Ur;i/il. iincl he did not know what ihe Galvanized I ron ' - Harness 37 Heating App:iratus ' ' Lumber 4° Mattresses ■•■ '4 Office l-'urniture 7 Cllass Siained, Iron, Ornamental ' ' Pianos '3 Pleasure Boats '^' Shirts " Silverware -^ ^ 8 Soaps Tools '^ Window-Shades 9 Wire Works " Over 400 miscellaneous industries are also cited by Mr. Taylor, and suffice to furnish abundant proof of the fact that Toronto is now a great manufacturing centre. Vet in 1847, the important industries of the city might have been counted on the fingers of one hand. And it is gratifying to think that this industrial development has not been followed by the results so well-known in European centres of artisan population the sweating system, and tite a meagre and in work. Nor do employed ; the the cities of the and constant en seems in this ag workmen as tht Metropolis of O intelligent, hon« As to the fi market for a lai demands many afforded the Qi sto\os, implemt toba and the N cotton and woe extension, whil success. .As tl nations of the likely to miss tl manufacture of of the Queen C location, unlimi combined with years produce : :)E SOUVENIR NUMBER. 171 isli t in jiie ved ing syslein, and the starved appearance oinijriads of men, women and children, dependent upon a meag're and insuHicient waj^e. or else j^athering together in mobs to demand bread or work. \or do we see the reckless, injurious, strikes ; the iil-wiil between employers and employed ; the foreign and unassimulated element in the population, so often met with in the cities of tiie L'nited States. The Toronto artisan as a rule receives fair remuneration and constant employment. .\nd while absolute contentment imder any condition of life seems in this age almost impossible, there is no doubt, from the appearance of the city's workmen as they go to or return from their labor, that the growth of industries in the Metropolis of Ontario has been followed by a marked development in the well-being of the intelligent, honest and industrious laborer. As to the future of Toronto in this respect, there can be little doubt. It is already the market for a large number of farmers, and is in turn the metropolis of a Province which demands many and various industrial products. The growth of Ontario has already afforded the Queen City an tpportunitv of boating all competitors in the production of stoves, implements and other commodities, and the future inevitable development of Mani- toba and the North-VVest should establish it as a Dominion centre for the manufacture of cotton and woollen goods. The iron and steel industry is capable of almost indefinite extension, whilst the recent etTorts to establish nickel smelting works, is certain of ultimate success. As the vast capacity of our illimitable nickel mines is drawn upon by the nations of the world, as must be the case within a very few years, Toronto is hardly likely to miss the opportunity of utilizing its advantages in regard to the smelting and manufacture of this great and valuable commodity. Important, therefore, as the progress of the Queen City in an industrial sense has been, there is little doubt that its splendid location, unlimited water-power, magnificent railroad connections and steamboat facilities, combined with the enterprise o^ its citizens and the wealth of its people, must in coming years produce still greater evidences of manufacturing skill and success. t : '7- BOARD OF TRAD\ HART ALMHRRIN MASSl-Y. \\ w Mu. Haut a. Mahsky, President oi Massey-Harris Company, (Limited,) proprietors ol the extensive af^riciiltural impleiiient \vorli a},^' he used to trudjjfe barefoot t( school with his sister, a distance of three miles throii<;h the woods. The neaiest market was Cobourg, seven miles distant, and there beinjf no concession roads in those days, I the produce from the farm had to be hauled by oxen, makinjj it a tedious journey. I Generally a couple of teams were sent to<^elher in charge ot young Massey, who was! trusted to bring the money home received for grain, etc. When eleven years old, Mr.f Massey was sent to school at W'atertown, X. \'., where he helped to meet the expenses ofl his schooling by putting in the seed grain on the farm of one of his relatives. During thef winters of 1H40 and 1S41, \>'i his own free will he went to the lumbering shanties, his father ha\ing lent him one of his best teams for the purpose and where he was put inl It was a hard life, rising at 4 going to bed late. At the •I course in I'pper (."anada College, Cobourg, and loi expenses by cutting wood at the Cobourg Tannery, attendance at the C C. \. lege, Mr. Masse\' remained charge of a gang of teams, o'clock in the morning and age of 14 Mr. Massey began Academy,afterwards \'ictoria the first year he paid his and keeping the fires going Hetween the first term of and his fmal course at col- working on his father's farm, men during most of the time, that his attention was direct- and he induced his father to machine ever brought into of which he had charge. Ho was 17 years old when he and spent another year in the turn home Mr. .\rassev re- iiaving charge of a number of It was during that period edto agricultural macliinery purchase the first threshing that part of the country and continued on the farm till he went to W'atertown again academy there. On his re- sumed the charge of the men on the farm and was required to keep the farm implements in order, which still more strongly biassed his mind in the direction ^.-^i the perfecting of agricultural machinery and increased the desire for the securing of the greatest labor saving machinery on the farm. The two years succeeding Mr. Massey was enabled to produce many important improvements in machines which had been supplied from the I'nited Stales and in introducing devices oi his own inxention which enabled him to make large revolutions in the methods of farm work. During the fall of the year Mr. Massey went about the country with a threshing machine, often sleeping in straw stacks at night. Having the most advanced machine in use at the time, thanks to his own improvements he had introduced, he was enabled to command the best trade in the vicinity. In iie canal. In 185 1 Mr. Massey removed to Newcastle, Ont., and was appointed superin- tendent of his father's agricultural manufacturing works at a salary of S400.ooper annum, and in 1852 was made a partner in the business and general manager. The firm was then known as H. A. Massey & Co. In the fall of the year 1852, Mr. Massey was appointed Justice of the Peace for the counties of Northumberland and Durham, in which capacity he served for ig years. In 1855 he became sole proprietor of the business owing to the retirement of his father from it, that gentleman dying the following year in his 59th year, and conducted it in his own name until 1870, when it was incorporated as a joint stock company under the style of the Massey Manufacturing Co. In the year 1864 the entire Jii HOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUMBER. .imitod,) proprietors o^ Kiii}^ streets, Toronto, lis father's lojj cabin on pril 2()th, 1823. As a tl to iriicl^'^e barefoot to Tlie nearest market roads in those days, X it a tedious journey. unj,-- Massey, who was ele\en years old, Mr. o meet tlie expenses of relati\es. Ourinf;^ the umberinj,'' shanties, his .1 where he was put in a iiard Mfe, risinj^ at 4 to bed late. At the rse in I'pper Canada e, Cobourj;-, and for ies by cutting;' wood L'obourg' Tannery. ance at the T. C". A. Mr. Massey remained ;■ charjife of a number of s during- that period ifjricultural macliinery ise the first ilireshing- [irl of the country and led on the farm till he Watertown ajjj^ain there. 0\^ his re- le charge of the men er, which still more lural machinery and ery on the farm. The ortant improvements ducing devices o'i his ethods of farm work. I threshing machine, ced machine in use enabled to command loria College and at and delivering^ with liege and was given in that part of the Clloversville, N. V., packet boat" on the s appointed superin- $400.00 per annum. The firm was then issey was appointed in which capacity usiness owing to the year in his 59th year, ited as a joint stock ear 1864 the entire to iy rde in f f premises were destroyed by fire involving a very heavy los.s. The work of rebuilding was immediately gone on with and the business continued with increased vigor. At the lime of incorporation in 1870, Mr. Massey's eldest son Charles was elected vice-president and general manager which position he held until the time of his death in 1884. In 1871 the subject of this sketch owing^ to impaired health was advised to leave the business for a time and removed to Cleveland, Ohio, where he resided for i 1 years, but always remained at the head of the business and g-ave it as much of his personal attention as possible. In i,S7i) the business was removed to Toronto, Mr. H. A. Massey having- personally superintended the erection of the new buildings. In i88_' Mr. Massey became a permanent resident, having removed his family from Cleveland, and has ever since remained in Toronto. In 1891 the businesses of theMassey Mfg^. Co., A. Harris, Son & (^o., of Brantford, and Massey iV Co., Ltd., of Winnipeg-, were amalgamated imder the name and style of " .Massey- Harris Co., Limited," with Mr. H. .\. Mas^^cy as president. Me is also president of the Sawyer & Massey Co. Ltd., of Hamilton, manufacturers of threshing: machinery, and o{ the W-rity Plow Co., of Hrantford. These works employ altogether in the neighborhood of 1,500 to 2,000 men. Tlie name oi the company is extensively known in every grain growing country in the World and the annual out| ;t o'i agricultural machines is immense. .Mr. Massey has been a life long member oi the Methodist church and has contributed liberally to its support. Only recently he made a most generous gift to the city, viz. the building and presenting to the citizens of a magnificent Music Hall and Mission building. The buildings are rapidly nearing^ completion. The Music LLill when finished will be the largest public hall in tlie city. Like his father he has always been a warm supporter of the Temperance cause. Mr. Massey has two sons and one daughter living", Mr. C. D. Masse\ , the eldest son being- treasurer of the company, and Mr. Walter L. H. .\hissev, assislant jfeneral manager. Mr. Massey, Sr., joinpd the Board of Trade in 1S85. In politics he is a Protectionist and favors the National policy. CHHSTRR n. MASSl-N'. The subject of this sketch, Mr. Chkster Daniel M.\s.sey, is the eldest surviving- son of Mr. Hart .A. Massey, the head of the well known firm of the Massey-Harris i^o., (Limited). Agricultural Implement Makers. He was born in Haldimand Township. Northumberland Co., Ont., June 17th, 1850, and acquired his education at the common school, Newcastle, and at a Co.nmercial College ■-- '^ a c. .. 1 school Mr. Massey's health reason he took no active the removal of the familv to occurred he became activelv Manufacturing; Co., and on 1884, was made \'ice-Presi- that company amalg;amated ford, under its present name was elected Treasurer of he still holds. He is also & Massey Co., (Limited), of in which his father is largely identified himself prominent- years of age, with Methodist Trustee of the Metropolitan most active Church workers in Toronto. After leaving was impaired and lor that part in commercial life until Toronto in 1882. When that connected with the Massey the death of his brother in dent of the Company. When with the Harris Co. of Brant- of Massey-Harris Co., he the company, which position the Secretary of the Sawyer Hamilton, another large firm interested. Mr. Massey has ly, since he was eighteen Church work, and is now Church, and is one of the oo,c;' u ~"'i"VV-" """""^'-" in the Citv of Toronto. In 1886 he married Miss Anna Vincent, a sister of Bishop Vincent of the Methodist Kpiscopal Church U. S., by whom he haH one son Charles Vincent Massey. He became a member ot the Board of Trade in 1893, and in politics he is a Liberal-Conservative. Like all the other members of his family Mr. Massey takes a deep interest in Toronto's welfare. BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR Nb\ JAMKS KKRR OSBORNE. Mr. Jamks Kkku Oshoknk, Vice-President syi Massey-Harris Co., (I.imited), is a iialive Canadian, of Scottish descent. His parents settled in Canada about the vear iS-?6. Mr. Osborne was born at Heamsviile, County of Lincoln, Ont., July 27tii, '1843, a'nd aci.|uired his education, first at the hi>,rh school, Beamsville, and subsequently at a Scottish hoarding school. After leav- . . -. . commenced his commercial and followed yarious com- In 1S71 he went to Hrant- the firm ot .A, Harris, Son a joint stock company under & nopoly. In i8()o he resigne until end of terr accept the poi John Harris,) In 1 89 1 upon 1 Ltd., he wa general managt. became a resi Board ci'i Trade independent L manufacturers t result oi the c companies in C to, Brantford largest compan British flag. I diistry. Some works from the co\ ers an area i machinery for t are lighted by e incandescciit la compaii s' begai the company's ments manufai.- very large inde articles only th Steel Bar Iron and P Pig Iron Coal and Coke Malleable Iron Moulding Sane Their Trac the Continent growing lands, having proved is becoming th now the larges largest if not companies, an an active facto so U I ENIR Nl\ M liKR. '73 HON. LVMAN M. JONHS. Hon. [.vm.w M. Jomcs, was born in the year 1H43, in tlie i.ininty of N'ork, where he was educated. His f'atlier was a tanner. In iH()8 in.' entered into tlie mercantile business at Heeton, Simcoe county. In iSj^ he j^ave up business there and moved to Hrantt'ord, to take a position wilii Messrs. A. Harris, Sons iSJ Co., manufacturers. l'"our years later he was admitted to partnership and in iSyc) went to Winnipeg as manaj^er of the company's busi- ness in Manitoba and tiie North-west. In iHiS() ho was elected an alderman of the City of Winnipeg and chairmanof the l-inance Committee. In 1.SS7 he waselected Mayor of tlu' city and vice-president of the Winnipejj Hoard of Trade, and aji'ain elected Mayor of Winnipej,' in 1H88. In January of the same year upon the defeat of the Provincial (Jovernment he accept- ed a portfolio in the \\^\\ Ciovernmcnt as l'ri>vincial treasurer and represented the county of Shoal Lake. During' that year he nejjotiated in London, luij^land, the first Provincial loan of $1,500,000 to build a competinj,'' line oi railway and rid the Province of railroad monopoly. In the i^eneral election v^i iH.S()he was elected to represent North Winnipej^-. In iS()o he resij^-ned the position iif Provincial treasurer, (but retained his seat in the House inilil end of term) and return- accept the position, (made John Harris,) of fj^eneral In i(S()i upon the formation Ltd., he was elected a g:eneral manaj^er o'i^ the con- bocame a resident of this Hoard of Trade in June 1893. independent Liberal. The manufacturers of farm imple- result of the consolidation, companies in Canada, with to, Brantford and Wood- larijest company not only in Hritish fla^''. It may well be diistry. Some idea may be works from the fact thut the ed to the City of Hrantford to vacant by the death oi Mr. manaf4"er of his company, of the Massi.'y- Harris Co., director of, and appointed solidated companies, and city. He joined the Toronto In politics Mr. Jones is an Massey-Harris Co., Limited, luents and machinery is the in i(S()i, of the live lari;est immense factories at Toron- stock, and is by far the Canada, but under the called -A }![reat Catuuiiiin In- foi;ned of their immense floor space in their factories covers an area of 632,322 square feet, e.|ual to i4'_. acres, fitted with the newest and best machinery for the rapid and accurate production a^ their different implements. The works are li 1 li 1 ! ii '11 5 1 m ■ ' ^ «74 /iO.lA'/) OF TA'A/)/-: WAi;n;K i;. ii. masskv. Mk. Wai.tkk K. II. Masskv, Assist.uit (leiioral Miiii;i^:er of Masscy-f larris Co., (Limited), Toronti), makers oi' ajjriciilliiral inipUinoiits, is a son ol Mr. Il.irt A. Masscy, and was born at Newcastle, Ont., April 4tli, iS()4. His earlier ediicatii)n was received cltiefly in the United States, where he attended a military schoi>l in C'leveland, Ohio, tor five years, and suhsit|uently ______________^_________ entered Hostvin I'tiiversity. '^'- ^^ *- • ' ed with the Massey Munii- Mana^er at the aj,'e ol lie was appointed Secretary Mr. Massey became connerl- facliirinj,' Co. as Advertisinj.j twenty. When twenty-one and Treasurer, aiul later on Manaj^er. In the year iHH() pany's interests at the Indian London, where the t'ompany trade, which has <4rown to recent y».ars. In the fall oi' yoiMi}^er brother made a trip with a view to looking up Zealand ami Australia. .\ made throii}^h the islands of nies of Australia ; and a Milbourne, since which time acted as .Assistant lleneral he represented the Com- and Colonial I'lxhibition in made a bej^innin^ in I'oreij^^n very lar^'e proportions in 1HH7 Mr. Massey and his to the .\niipodes particularly the trade possibilities in New lonj,'' ami tluiroui,''li tour was New Zealand and the colo- branch ollice was opened in a very larj^e business has Southern World. In the sum- been established in the - mer of iHHH Mr. Massey married Miss Susie M. nenlon, dauj^hter of (ieorj^e T. Denton, of Boston, Mass. Me joined the Hoard of Trade in 1HH5. Mr. Massey is also Treasurer o\' Sawyer & Massey Co.. of Hamilton ; President of llie Toronto Type l-'oundry Co., and dir- ector in other corporations. He is a Methodist, holding several oHicial relations in the Church. i)A\ ID WATSON ai.i:xandi:r. Among- the houses en^ajjfed in the Toronto wholesale leather trade there is none more widely known than that of Mk. D. W. .\i i:xa\hi:u at the corner o( Church and Front streets. Mr. Alexander's tanneries at Port Klfj^in, Huntsville and Bracebridije, are fully equipped, and furnish constant emplo\ inent to a lar»re number of men. The one at Hunts- ville is the larj^est in Ontario. I I This extensive business was established by Mr. .Alexander in ICS75, and his trade now extends throughout all sec- tions of Ontario, Ouebcc and Manitoba, as well as the Ivnglish market. The To- ronto warehouse is a spa- cious four storey buildings 40 X 130 feet in area, in which jL >dik ''" immense stock of sole leather and hides is kept, flH^^^^ilV '^'^^ '^ large number ol hands employed. Mr. Alexander C^' "^T^ was born at Thurso, County Caithness, Scotland, in 1S4-, \ '■'■. ^ / ^ ^^^ ''"'■' ii^'qi''''^"*-! his education at the Crammar School in his K^^|^Hfl^P native town. He commenced his mercantile career as an .^^^^H^L^ apprentice to a bookseller in Thurso, with whom he re- ^^^^^^^^^^^'V niained five years. After serving- his apprenticeship M^^^^^^L^ ^^K^ ^^^' -^'^'^=i'i<^'^''' ^"inie to this country in 1866, and was '^^^■^^^^^^^Hf^^ engaged as accountant until 1875, when he started on his ^RP^mRlIP'^^ ^^" account in Toronto in the boot, shoe and leather ^ . " " business, finally drifting into the leather, hides and skin business. The trade of the house has grown rapidly. Mr. Alexander became a member of the Board of Trade in 1S73, and is one of its most active members. He is on the Council of the Board and is one of the examiners of hides and leather. He is a member of St. Andrew's Society, and the Toronto Club, and in politics is a Liberal. He is highly esteemed in business circles. OaRI) of TliADE SOUVENIR NUMIihk Massey- Harris Co-, Mr. H.irt A. Massey, liication was received I C'lovolaiul, Oliio, for Host. HI I'nivcrsity. tlie Massey Maiui- ■r at the ajje of appointed Secretary IS Assistant lienerai resented the C'oni- lioniai Ivxhibition in he},'innin}^ in foreiyfn Mjjfe proportions in Ir. Massey and his Antipodes particularly ie possiliilities in New il thoroiij^^h toiM' was ealand ami the colo- ollice was opened in lar^e business has II W'orlil. In tlie siim- )t Cieorj^e T. Denton, ;y is also Treasurer of h'oundry Co., anddir- .'lations in the Church. ALFRHH ANSLEY. Mk. Ai.I'rei) Ansi.kv, a member of the firm of (iillespie, Ansley and Dixon, Wholesale Dealers in Hats, Caps and l-'urs, 3H and (k) Wellin>,'ton street west, was born at Brampton, Ont., in i84<), and was educated ai the public school in that ti>wn. His father was an Irish- man, and his mother a Canadian. When about twelve years of ajje Mr. Anslev entered the employ y^i Mr. John Hicks, , Dry (ioods Merchant. IVtro- lia, Ont., as a" parcel boy. | He remained at I'elrolia lor movetl to Montrtal where he Muir, Ivwen \ Co., Whole- remaininj^ with the firm for came to Toronto and tra- Messrs. John Ciillespie\ Co., that time on N'onj,a* street, restaurant now stands, ship was formed by Mr. John Martin and Mr. .Ansley, ow luuler the name of (iillespie, years, until the death ol Nlr. Mr. M.irtin retired ouins,'' to joined, the name beini,'- then of (iillespie, .Ansley i\: Dixon. some years, and then re- entered the employ of Messrs. sale Clothiers, as a traveller, ten years. Mr. .Ansley then veiled for some years for which tirm was located at where Mr. Harry Webb's Twelve years aj,'o a partner- (ieorj^e I"), (iillespie, Mr. and the business was carried Ansley iV Martin for ten (iillespie three years a^o. ill health and Mr. Dixon chanjjfed to its present style This house carries o\\ one of the larijest businesses in its line in Ontario, its travellers, to the number of seven, coverinj.f the whole Dominion. The buildinj;' occupied is live storeys hijfh, and the stock in furs of all descriptions is most com- plete and varied. .A staff oi one hundred and fifty people is employed in the manufacture of fur i;armeiits and caps, etc. Mr. .Ansley became a member of the Board of Trade in iSS(). Ie there is none more f Church ;iiid I'Vont }racebridy;e, are fully The one at Hunts- tensi\e business was and his trade now Ontario, Quebec and market. The To- .nir storey building' eiise stock ^^iS. sole ^^e number of hands 1 at Thurso, County |uired his education wn. He commenced ce to a bookseller in five years. After vander came to this is accountant until ount in Toronto in finally drift inj;^ into The trade of the ird of Trade in 1873, Board and is one of w's Society, and the tusiness circles. RICHARD BROWN. The firm <^i Brown Brothers, Stationers, Bookbinders, Manufacturers of .Account Books, l'"ancy Leather (loods. Publishers of Canadian Diaries, etc., (14, (i(), ()cS Kiiii;- street Kast, is the leadin}^ firm of the kind in Toronto. The business was established in i, during the winter wife, Mr. Divo-i bis devoted the poor of the city. He was iith, 1853, and is ^^i Irish .vliss Rojves' private school, I'pper Canada CoUej^'e. Mr. mercial career in i8()7 as a pie X: Co., Hatters and I'ur- to be salesman, occupying;- He was then appointed junior charj^e of the ollice. Ow the Dixon was made partner. Joseph, dau;>hter of H. A. vears after her deatli, Mr. the i^ood he has .iccomplish- lost self-respect, who had dead to the opinion of others, brei'kfasts at Richmond Hall, monti;s. .Ably assisted by his his lite in an etfort to beneth born in Toronto, December tlescent. He was educated at Oueen street west, and at I)ixon commenced his corn- junior in the firm of |. Gilles- riers. He was llien promoted the position for five years, clerk, then cashier, with full death of Mr. Clillespie, Mr. In I1S80 he married Miss Joseph of Toronto. Three Dixon married Miss Chapman, sister of Mr. C. .-\. Chapman. Mr. Dixon is member of the Royal Arcanum, Chaplain of his Orantje Lodtje, Deputy Chaplain of the Grand Lodfje of the Order, and County Ciiaplain of the Orans^e Order. He is Asst. Curate of t!ie Church of the Ascension, and joined the Board of Trade in 1885. .Mr. Dixon leans to the Conservatives. Mk. John I Scotch descent 1845. .After ac 1860 as an apprt the details of iht and is now at th the corner of the manufacturii branches, one King- street we for the lunch ct done, and em Mr. Xasmith it Hospital. He I Inland Mission, deputation for in connection \ .\merica, and fare of the de:i Hoard of Trade siderable aiiioun rci^ard to the br civic interferenci Cons^reg-ational Nasmith takes a WIDMKR HAVVKH. .Mk. Wiomkk H.vwKi:, \'ice-President of the O'Keefe Brewint,' Co., Ciould street, was born in Toronto, in i8bo, and is of English descent. He received his education at the school of the Reverend Mr. Williams of St. John's church and at Wm. McGill's school, rniishini»- his studies at R'ce Lake, at the establisliment of F. W. Barron. Like many more ot our successful busi- ceived the idea of tallowing' menced his career by the Messrs. Morrison, Wells & for a year and a half, passi na- tion in 1878. About this the growing prosperity of his father was engaged and by .Messrs. O'Keefe and Cos- Cosgrave's interest being Hawke in i86;„ Mr. W. and entered the employ of to learn t'.'^ brewing busi- evidenced by the fact that in position and partnership in member of Kent Lodge, S.O. V.C, Liederkranz, Reform ness men, Mr. Hawke con- the legal profession and com- stud}' o'( law in the ollice o'i Ciordon, where he remained the first law school examina- time, attracted doubtless by the brewing business in which which had been purchased grave in the year 1861, Mr. purchased by Mr. G. M. Hawke abandoned the law The O'Keefe Brewing Co., ness. Here his success is 1881 he assumed his fath-^r's the firm. Mr. Hawke is a K.B.S., National Club, R.C. Club and Woodbine Driving Club, and of the Malt and Hops section of the Board of Trade, having joined the board in 1885. Mr. Hawke takes a deep interest in all that pertains to the brewing trade, and it is safe to say that there are few men better posted than he is in all the various departments of this important industry. Mr. Fk.wk educated at the thorough apprei experience in se 1881 Mr. Polsi intendent of received the ap Whitby and \'ict the year 1883, who was at of the Grand Ji Work.s in Toron engine and boil and where have machinery and works have als run the Moiitre; numerous other also engaged i of the tine ste Mr. J. B. Mill Co., are now so when working f 1887. He is ah Jockey Club anc '>E SOUVENIR NUMBER •75 j()H\ DRVSDALH NASMITH. Mi{. Joiix l^KvsPAr.H Nas.mhii, leaker, corner of Adelaide and Jarvis streets, is of Scotch descent and was born in tlie buildiiii^' he at present occupies on Jarvis street in 1845. After acquiring his education at the Toronto Grammar School, he started life in 1H60 as an apprentice in his father's bakehouse, where he worked for ten years, learning the details of the trade. lie , then succeeded his father, and is now at the head of the the corner of Jarvis and the manufacturing is carried branches, one at 51 King King street west, and the for thj luncii counter trade, done, and employment is Mr. \asmith is one oi the Hospital. He takes an ac- Inland Mission, and last year deputation for conference in connection with the in- .America, and he is also fare of the deaf and dumb. Hoard of Trade in 1885. Mr. siderable amount of litrhtinLr business. His ofHce is at Adelaide streets, where also on, and there are three street east, another at 51 other at 152 Yonge street, .\ large business is being gi\en to t)ver 100 persons, trustees o\ the Homceopathic tive interest in the China went to I'-ngland with a witli Mr. J. Hudson Taylor, terests of the Mission in greatly interested in the wel- He became a member of the Xasinith has done a con- with the City Council with regard to the bread by-laws, which he rcj^ards as an exasperating and needless piece of civic interference with trade matters. He is a member and oflice holder of the Northern Congregational Church. In all matters coimected with the interests of the city, Mr. Nasmith takes a lively interest, and is highly respected both in social and business circles. FRANK H. POLSOX. Mk. Frank B. Poi.son was born at Port Hope, Out., in the year 1858, and was educated at the Collegiate Institute, Cobourg. He is a practical engineer, having had a thorough apprenticeship in all branches of the business, as well as having had a practical experience in several large shops, both in Canada and in the United States. In the year 1 88 1 Mr. Poison was ap- pointed Mechanical Super- intendent of the \'ictoria Railway, and one year later received the appointment cii Master-Mechanic of the Whitby and X'ictoria Division of the Midland Railway. In t!ie year 18S3, he and his a^ father, Mr. William Poison who was at that time ^^^k Mechanical Superintendent of the Cirand Junction Rail- ^'ttb fllB way, started the Poison Iron Works in Toronto, whicii are , ^mLi^B^m to-day the finest eqripped engine and boiler works in .^aflHjHKaj^ ^\^^ Dominion of Canada, and where have been turned ^^^^r^ ^^'^'I ''^^ heaviest marine machinery and steel vessels ^^^T^ ^^ i'l tli'^ country. At the works have also been built ^^^ ^ .^^^^^^ ''" ^'^'^ engines which now run the Montreal and Toron- ^flV .^^^^^H^ ^^ I'^lectric Light Works, and numerous other large estab- "7?^B ^^^■■|||pP' lishments. Mr. Poison is also engaged in the vessel '-^^^d^^W business, being a third owner of the fine steel steamship Sequin. Mr. Poison and Mr, J. B. Miller, President ' of the Parry Sound Lumber Co., are now sole owners of the Poison Iron Works, and employ about three hundred men when working full capacity. Mr. Poison has been a member of the Board of Trade since 1887. He is also a member of the Ciranite Club, St. Andrew's Lodge, A. F. and A. M., Jockey Club and R. C. V. Ciun, and is one of the owners of the si ;am yacht Cruiser. ! n t I ! 1 , 176 BOARD OF TR. Joseph Simpson. JOSKPH SIMPSON. Ernest A. Simpson. Rri'KKT M. Simpson. The Toronto Kiiitlin^ Company, (> and 8 lierkoley street, Toronto, is one ot larjfest establishments oi its kind in the Dominion, witli spacious premises and employ between one hundred and iifly and two iiundred hands. .Mu. Joskpii Si.mpso.n, the hea( the firm, was born at Charlestovvn, South Carolina, in i Canada with his pa- rents the same year. He was educated at Upper Canada College. When eighteen years of age he entered his father's business, a has been in it ever since. He joined the lioard of Trade in 1SS6. .All of the above tin gentlemen are in sym|iathv with the present Dominion Clovernmenl, but take no acti part in politics. .Mr. Joseph Simpson, the head of the firm, it may be added, takes a de interest in civic and municipal matters, and never hesitates to combat any measure whi he believes is not thoroughly intended for the welfare and prosperity ol the city of 1 adoption. lMout one year was in the e then commenced his 1 a small way, and has le trade ho has built up alil'ax to X'ancouver. Mr. ressed to enter public life, jcline. He is a member . \ . C, Shareholder and the Board of Trade, being >n, a partner in the firm, it rp|ier Canada College, 'iKT M. Simpson. IIS father's business, and All oi the above three ment, but take no active }■ be added, takes a deep mbat any measure which lerity ot the city of his Messrs. O'Keefk & Co. have been over 33 years in business as brewers and malsters, and their reputation extends all over the Dominion. They have a perfectly equip- ped brewery on the corner of Gould and Victoria streets, where 80 skilled hands are employed, the annual output being over 40,000 barrels. The brewery consists of 6 brick buildings from 1 to 5 stories 1 li'^^'i- every department being provided with the most chinery operated by steam of linglish and Bavarian hops sists of Mr. Eugene O'Keefe Mr. Eugene O'Keefe, the Cork, Ireland, in 1827, and parents when he was 5 years Toronto, and commenced his eery business at which he re- entered the Toronto Savings ings & Loan Co. In 1861 he the business. Mr. O'Keefe the Home Savings & Loan at ion 20 years ago. He 1875, '■"* Deputy Chairman Section, and a member of — - -- - the same section. On the ist of September, 1891, the business of O'Keefe & Co. was changed to a limited company, under the style of The O'Keefe I^rewery Co. of Toronto, (Ltd.), with Mr. O'Keefe as President ; John G. Gibson, Secretary-'Treasurer, C. J. Campbell, Col. .Mason and John G. Playfair, comprising the shareholders of the company. ROBERT ALHXAXni'R WILSON. Mk. Rohicrt .Ai.ex.wuer Wilson, proprietor ^^i the well known Scale Works at ()7 Esplanade street east, was born in 'I'oronto in 1854, and received his education at the public schools here. On leaving school at the age oi sixteen he commenced his business life in a retail dry goods store, corner of Adelaide and \'onge streets, and eventually entered modern appliances and ma- power. Immense t|uaiitities are imported. 'The firnicon- and Mr. Widmer Hawke. head of the firm, was born in came to Canada with his old. He was educated in mercantile career in tiie gro- mained 3 years. He then Bank, now the Home Sav- and Mr. Cosgrave purchased has been Vice-I'resident of Co. ever since its organi/- joined the Board of 'Trade in of the Grain, Malt and Hop the ICxecutive Committee of his father's business oi scale man's estate he was ad- business, and on the death became sole proprietor, the C Wilson A: Son. 'There turers in the country, there- firm's goods is very consid- are well known through- L'nited States. It may here be note that the Wilson Scales at the World's Fair, Chicaj^o, ture a full line of grocer and regulate their own temper- arranged tor preserving meat The\ also manufacture butch- Httings, oflice fixtures, and stantly adding to their list oi specialty being bakers' and confectioners manufacturing. Ow reaching mitted as a partner in the oi his father a few years ago firm name still remaining as are but few scale manufac- fore the demand for this erable and WilsiMis .Scales out Canada and in the mentioned as wi>rthy of some received the highest award 18)3. They also manufac- butcher Refrigerators, that ature, so that thiy can ho or vegetables for a longtin'.e. ers' kni\es and tools, store show cases, and are cow- manvdactures, their latest tools and fittiiiirs. 'Their factorv is very large and IS situated on the water front, a great number of men being employed. 'Mr. Wilson is a member of Wilson Lodge, A. K. and A. M., and oi the Manufacturers' Section oi tii Board ot 'Trade, having joined in 1885. In politics he is a Conservative. BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NU. ANDREW W. CARRICK. Mk. Andrkw W. Carrick, Baker, corner of Bay and Richmond streets, is a good example of tiie success which a native Canadian can achieve. He is a native of the soil, and was horn in the City of Toronto, on December 12th, in the year 1H54, his father hav- ing emigrated to Canada from Ireland, in the year 1848, settling in Toronto the same year, where he established a baking _ business, and marrying a Toronto lady shortly aftcr- the city. After acquiring his street public school, the sub- his business career as a sales- ment of his mother, Mrs. Car- period of twelve years, taking at the end of that period, and own accoiwit. Mr. Carricl< successful one, and it is year. The number of men are three delivery waggons etc., all over the city. So that in order to accommodate was opened at 253 and 255 became a member of the 18S5, and in politics is a wards, who is still living in education at the Louisa ject of our sketch commenced man in the baking establish- rick, where he remained for a entire charge ot the business now carrying it on on his has made the business a very steadily increasing year by employed is twelve, and there employed delivering bread, much "has the trade extended it, a branch establishment N'onge street. Mr. Carrick Hoard of Trade m the year Liberal-Conservative. In the year 1886 he married Miss Clewes, a daughter of Mr. John Clewes of this city. Mr. Carrick can look back to an honorable business career, and know that he has won the esteem oi his fellow citizens for honorable dealing, and strict integrity in all his business and social relations. THO.MAS MILBURN. The firm Messrs. T. Milburn & Co. was established in a small way in the village of Acton, Ont.. in the year i86(), and in the year 1873, owing to increasing business it was removed to Toronto. As trade extended, more commodious quarters became necessary, and the company erected the handsome brick block, 80 x i 10 feet in area, with five stories and a basement', which it at present occupies. The firm are manufacturing chemists I I and dealers in proprietary medicines, and give empUn- ment to a large number ot competent hands. .Mr. Thomas Milburn. sole pro- prietor of the business, is a ^j^B^^ son of the late Mr. I homas Milburn who was for main ^^^^1 years a merchant in Toronto. He was born in this city in pb «s ji the year 1837. and was edu- cated, partlv in Toronto and hL.. y partly in the County of Card- well. .Mr.' Milburn com- Biyf-'' nienced life for himself in the year i8()j, as an ayent for the H^r^ Western h'ire Insurance k:o., travelling west of Toronto ^^^K^Ste^ "^' t''"-'" bought out the nucleus of his present busi- '"^^^E-eT^ '^"■^'^'^ ''^ Acton, which lormer- Iv lielonged to F. C. Hag- ^^^KSm^' ^''"'*"'' ''"*"' '■^'"'^^''-''■' ^"^ ^''^' r'onto. He is also a member 'W>^'«^ of the firm oi Foster, Mil- burn & Co. of Buffalo. .Mr. Milburn holds the trade marks of several proprietary medicines in Canada and has K^\^^ y^i the largest biisi'- ' • ' nes.ses of the kind in Can- ada, liis travellers visiting every portion oi the Dominion. He joined the Board of Trade in the vear 1884, and is a Conservative in politics but lakes no active part in them. He is "a member of St. George's Society, and takes an active interest in all its deliberations and aims. .A represeii onto is that of The business u being Mr. P. \ partnership, ; won a name a line in Canada, and authorities stock of the pi stantly on haiu medals, in ail bronze, the I ceiving large orders, and f and other 0II the eldest sor in Toronto, in and Collegiate career in 187c son, of Toron six years with his present bus the Canadian \ member of the servat've Assoi Mk. M.\Tn Ellis. He was M. partner in the I was a well kiu Kllis was born came to Canad with his father ware business, Toronto, and j< military matter DE SOUVENIR NUMBER. •77 P. W. Km.is. P. W. KIJ.IS & CO. M. C. Ki.i.is. R. Y. Ki.Ms. A representative importin}^ and manufacturing firm of jewellers of Ontario and Tor- onto is that of P. W. Ellis &Co., 31 Wellington street, East., and 40 Front street, East. Tile business was est;iblished in 1K77, under the present name and style. The co-partners being Mr. P. VV. Ellis and Mr. M. C. I':ilis. In 1881 Mr. R. \ . Ellis was admitted into partnership, and as thus won a name as one of the line in Canada. The Messrs. and authorities on diamonds stock of the purest i.|uality stantly on hand. .Asmanu- medals, in all st\les and bronze, the firm has no ceiving large orders from orders, and from govern- and other ollicials. Mr. the eldest son of W. H. in Toronto, in 1856. After and Collegiate Institute, he career in 1870, as an ap- £on, of Toronto, manufac- six years with Mr. Morri- his present business. He is the Canadian Manufacturers P. VV. ICi.i.is. constituted the house has strongest and ablest in its I'^llis are recognized experts and precious stones, a large i^i which they keep con- facturers and designers of sizes of gold, silver and rival in the Dominion, re- the Masonic and other ment, militarv, exhibition Phillips William Ellis, is Ellis, C. E., and was born attending the Model School commenced his business prentice to VV. C. Morri- turing jeweller. He served son, and in 1877 started the First Vice-President of .Association. He became a member of the Hoard of Trade in 1885, and President of the \orth Toronto Liberal-Con- servat've Association. Mk. M.\tiik\v C.\in Ei.i.is, a member ot the firm, is a twin brother of Mr. P. W. Institute. Aft er servm & Ellis. He was educated at the Model School and Collegiate an apprenticeship of seven years at watch- making, he joined his brother in the pi>'sent business. He became a member of the Hoard of Trade in 1886 and is chairman of tlie VV^hole- sale Jewellers section, and a member of the Executive Committee of the same section. Mr. Ellis is a Director of the Commercial Travellers Associa- tion, ami in politics is a Conser\ ati\e. Mr. RiciiAKO Vatks lu.i.is, tlie remaining partner in the firm, is an uncle of the other two partners was a well known printer and publisher in Toronto some years ago. Mr. Richard Vates Ellis was born at Oxton, Cheshire, ICngland, in 1840, and was educated at Liverpool. He came to Canada and Toronto, in 183(1, and started in the printing and publishing business with his father. .After eleven years, he went to Ingersoll, and joined his brother in the hard- ware business, remaining there about twelve years. .At the end of that period he returned to Toronto, and joined the firm oi P. W. l-^llis & Co. At one time he took an active interest in military matters, and was Major of the Oxford Ritles. He joined the Hoard of Trade in 1885. M. C. Ei.i.is. R. V. Ei.i.is. His father, .Mr, William Ellis, 178 BOARD OF JRADE L r 1 JOHN AHKI.L. iMk. JiMiN Ai5i:i,i,, one of llic hirj^est manufacliirers in the l^ominion of agricultural machines, engines, boilers. Hour mill and saw mill machinery, is an I^nglishman and was born at Charllon Kings, tiloucestershire. I'-ngland, September 17th, 1822, and received his education at Cheltenham in the same county. He came to Canada when quite a young man and settled at Wood- , , bridge, Ont., it) the year |'( the .Ancient •iiit}- ^^i the Select It oV the Liberal- Ill a member <^i the Board of Trade in It election times, av. Mr. Ai.HicKT S. Roi'.KKS is a member of the firm of S. Rogers & Co., the proprietors of the Queen City Oil Works, No. 30 Front street east, and with branches at different places in Ontario and one at Montreal. Though only a young man, comparatively speaking, Mr. Rogers has shown himself to be a pushing, enterprising business man, with plenty of vim about him, and large amount of work in a and was born at Newmarket, After studying at the High accompanied his father to when sixteen years of age, his father in the coal busi- in this city. After conduct- years, Mr. Rogers, senior, Queen City Oil Works, and after being employed by the admitted a partner in it in a member of the Board of allies himself with the Re- active interest in the affairs is one of the members of the institution. The other mem- a capacity to get through a day. He is native Canadian, county of York, in i860. School of his native town, he Toronto in the year 187(1, and the same year assisted ness which he had established ing the business for two in 1878, established the the subject of this sketch, firm for some years, was 1885. Mr. Rogers became Trade in 1887, and in politics form party. He takes an of the Pickering College, and Managing Board of that ber of S. Rogers & Co. is a brother o'i the subject of this sketch, Mr. Joseph P. Rogers, and both of them are the sons of the luad ol the firm, Mr. Samuel Rogers. The warehouse and works of the company are at Nos. 21 and 23 Princess stieet. Although as already stated a Reformer, Mr. Rogers take no aciive interest in politics. BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR Ni I ANDRICVV JOHN SOMKRVUJ.K. Mk. Anhrkw John Somkkvii.i.k, president of the Ontario Leati it Harb Wire Co., Nos. 54 and 5b Lombard street, also one o\ the directors of the Standard Hank of Canada, was horn at Huntinijdon, Province of Quebec. He is a son of Mr. Robert Hrown Somerville, who represented the coimty of Hiiniinjjdon in tiie old parliament oi Canada up to confed- eration, and of Mary Macnid- ___^ er, a dauj^hter of Mr. .\dam I,. Macnider of Montreal and Metis. After acquirinjj his education at the Huntinj;don .\cadcmy, Mr. Somerville went to Montreal in the year jP^l^fe^ '^63, and after a short service in the Hudson Hay M^»jS^\ ^^'' '"^ t^ntered the oHice of Mr. James Robertson, of the 7^k>» 1^^ Canadian Lead Works. In the year 1870 he came to ^'^^mT ^^» Toronto and took the man- ai;:ement of the Dominion ^K *' ^ , Lead & Saw Works, which position he filled for a period ^^t .^L '^'' ^'^ years, starting- busi- ness on his own account .J^ w.^^^^ under the name of the On- tario Lead Works in the .^^KfeHlHRH^ year iKjb. The company was subsequently organized '^Bi^Hlw^^S^' \n\.o a joint stock company under the name of the Ontario ' '^^^^P^PpHpi*^ Lead & Harb Wire Co., (Limited), Mr. Somerville '::'■'' ^''s^ bein^ the president and manaji^er. The company r manufactures barb fencinj^ wire, steel wire nails, lead P'Pf- \^>^'i shot and white lead paints. The business extends from Halifax to Victoria, the ijoods manufactured beinj;- of a very hi^h standard. Mr. Somerville became a member of the Hoard of Trade in the year icSNo. He is a member of the Toronto Club and is a Liberal-Conservative. The Ontario Lead & Harb Wire Works is a combined industry interestinjj as a product of an inventive and mechanical age. The firm No. I 15 N'onj. undoubtedly I year iH(k) by the first has h is a spacious high, and w trade. Ovei ployment in i oi the firm, at Croxton, C 1840, his fat I was educate bridge, and v 1852, and >■ mercantile lif Mr. John (li mained five y New York fo took the f ness on N'onj^ of ten years, business on 1 Society, of vvl Trade in the ^ ROHLRT KILCJOUR. The firm of Kilgour Hros., manufacturers oi paper bags, wrapping paper, (lour sacks, paper boxes, etc.. is perhaps the largest in its line i.i Toronto, occupying very extensive premises at 21, Wellington street west. The subject of this sketch, Mk. Rouukt Kii.goik, senior member of tlie firm, was horn at Heauharnois, in the Province of Quebec, in 1847, at which place his father, Mr. a business of carpenter and eighteen Mr. Kilgour com- in Montreal. In 1865 he the city was comparatively its growth. He obtained keeper, remaining in this returned to Montreal and business with Mr. J. C. Wil- in 1874. After this brief Kilgour returned to the city Joseph Kilgour, established Hros., in which the know- ture in this line coupled with prise, has been of service in industrv. In 1886 Mr. Kil- W'illiam Kilgour, carried on builder. At the age of menced his business career removed to Toronto while young, and has grown with occupation here as a book- city until 1870, when he engaged in the paper hag son, the partnership expiring absence from Toronto, Mr. and with his brother, Mr. the present firm of Kilgour ledge obtained in his first ven- integrity and business enter- building up the present large gour married Clare, daughter V.sL[., one of Glasgow's of the late William (lowan, respected Magistrates. Mr. Kilgour has been Treasurer and President of the Y. M. C. A. He is connected with several benevolent societies, director Hank of Commerce, Toronto Land and Investment Co., and trustee Toronto University. Mr. Kilgour joined the Hoard of Trade in 1881, is a Presbyterian and a Reformer. Mr. Josi Son, 9 and 1 Glasgow in i when but tht stopping plac ed for aboi Mr. Tomlii Toronto, am business in served an a| tering the de partner in l establishmen business, and way tracks, ployment is trade is cat siderable, inc railway and lected the st a member oi original mem Curling Clul Toronto, and Trade in i88( 12' I'Jlill ADE SOUVENIR NUMBER. 179 (jKOKcii-: i.riisniN. Tlic firm ot Messrs. Lu^sdin & Harnett, Saddle, Harness and 'rriinU Manufacturers, No. 115 N'onjje street, is one ol the best known firms in that line of business, and has undoubtedly the best connection of any similar firm in the city. It was established in the year i8(k) by its present proprietors, Mk. (Ikoui.ic Licsdin and T. I). Marnett, and from the first has been a successful is a spacious buildinjj^ yo x hi^^h, and well adapted to trade. Over thirty skilled ployment in it. Mr. (icorj^e oi the firm, is an luifjlish- at Croxton, Cambridgeshire, 1840, his father havinj^ been was educated in private bridjje, and with his parents immenced his fifteen as an apprentice to King street, where he re- ing Mr. Grifiith he went to and on his return to Toronto Messrs. Stuart & Co.'s busi- position he held for a period ness on Vonge street, which of ten years. In the year i86q he joined .Mr. Harnett, and established his present business on the spot which he now occupies. Mr. Lugsdin is a member of St. George's Society, of which he has filled one of the Chairs. He became a member of the Hoard of Trade in the year 1888, and in politics is Independent. JOSEPH TOMLINSON. Mr. Joseph Tomlinson is a member of the well known firm of Thos. Tomlinson & Son, 9 and 11 Frederick street, also known as the Atlas Iron Foundry. He was born in Glasgow in 1863, and is the eldest son of Thomas Tomlinson. He came to this country when but three years old with his parents, who are still living in Toronto. Their first Ontario, where they remain- coming to Toronto in 1868. cated at the public schools, school decided to learn the was engaged and to that end the foundry, and after mas- ness, eventually became a premises occupied by this ed to the requirements of the ly located close to the rail- frontage of qo feet, and em- sixteen men. An extensive output of castings is con- of machinery, principally for Mr. Tomlinson has not neg- the city of his adoption, being Club, and is one of the original members of the Toronto Bicycle Club, and also a member of the Prospect Park Curling Club. He is a director of the Canadian Homestead Loan and Savings Co. of Toronto, and in politics has Conservative leanings. Mr. Tomlinson joined the Board of Trade in i88g. stopping place was Kingston, ed for about two years, Mr. Tomlinson was edu- Toronto, and after leaving business in which liis father served an apprenticeship in tering the details of the busi- parlner in the firm. The establishment are well adapt- husiness, and are convenient- way tracks. They have a ployment is given to about trade is carried ow and the siderable, including all kinds railway and engine works, lected the social features of a member of ihe Athena-um i"*^ t^« ^^^ f lij'l I Ho HOARD OF 7'A' It II ]■' II I: ALKXANDlik jARDINK. Tlio Pure (iolil Mamiraituriii^;' Co., ol" Toronto, of which Mu. .\i.i:x.\xi>i:k JakdinI the licad, is a well known industry. The I'urc tiokl Haiut iH the employ of Jardine X: ll and remained with that l| Toronto, and for three yi the villaf,''e o\' Uradlord. aiul lor nine months tra^ Dillon, wholesale jjroci Jardine was in the t^roc when he went into the win Ciideon Robertson, under iH: {.'o. Mr. Jardine afi himself with the firm o'i tiiuied for nearly nine ve;i name of the firm then beca Sloan, Jardine & Mason. In 1H74 Mr. Jardine retired from the business and started present one, known as the Pure CJold .Manufacturing' Company. Me is a member of ! Andrew's Society, and of the .\. O. V . VV. He is one of the active members o^ Old ! Andrew's Church, in 18S5 he joined the Hoard of Trade, and in politics is a Conservati\ (ii-lORCK C. TAN LOR. .Mk. (licoKi'.K C". Tavi.oi^ head of the firm oi Messrs. Taylor, Scott X: (^o.^ Wholes: Woodenware Merchants, 120 Hay street, was born at Sherbrooke, Pros ince of yuebec, I father beinj^ in the lumberint;' business in the province. .After acquiring his education at private school in Sherbrooke, and at Hrockville, Out., Mr. Taylor commenced his coi mercial career when fourteen the grocery house of Messrs. treal, where he remained for the expiration oi that period Messrs. Johnson, Russell X: grocers, remaining' with the During the next five years firm of Messrs. .Alfred Sav- soap manufacturers. He he has remained ever since, ship with Mr. Walter Woods ship continuing tor a period Scott was then taken into and the name of the firm be- but only Mr. 'I'aylor is now dying in the month oi Feb- came ;i member of the Hoard and in politics is a Liberal-Conservative. years of age, as a clerk McClibbon & Baird, Mo a period o^ four years. , he entered the employ {!o., o^ Montreal, wholesji linn for three or four year -Mr. Taylor travelled for tl age X: Sons, of Montrej then came to Toronto, whe and entered into a partne on Hay street, the partne of three years. .Mr. G. 1 the business as a partne came Taylor, Scott & Cc in the business, Mr. Sec ruary last. Mr. Taylor b of Trade in the year 18S ,...^. ... f. .^ ^ „_. The firm of Taylor and Scott was established 1SS4, and is a thoroughly representative house. They manufacture and deal wholesale brooms, brushes, whisks, baskets and woodenware. Only first class goods are allowed leave the premises, and the trade done reaches all over the Dominion. , .— -. '-J-Jj-i3]i ill MlliWr no A /if) OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUMBER. IIIOMAS lIKNin VKOMAN. !. Al.KXANDKK JaKDINK is dcr part of llio business i;mcii was started in Tor- arik'il tlio (inn's i^^oods at orii>rity. Mr. Alexander ickvilic, Ont., in iS^^H, die selu>iils. His parents d, til Canada about 1S33. employ ot Jardine i*t Co., 1 remained uitli that firm onto, aiui lor tliree years viila},'-e of Hradlord. In I tor nine niontlis travel- Ion, wholesale jj[rocers, dine was in the tjrocery jn he went into the whole- leon Robertson, under the to. Mr. Jardine after- iseK with tiie lirni of I', led for nearly nine years, ne of the firm then became business and started his He is a member oi St. ;tive members o{ Old St. politics is a Conservative. Mk, Thomas H. N'i.oman, M.-mufacturinj,' burn iV (^^^., Wholesale I)ru};j,Msts. Colborne fHlher having been born in Ireland, cominf^' to t business. The subject Ki'i our sketch was born vear iH^t), and accjuired his at Milton in the same county, commercial career with Mr. sale Druf^f^i.st, Manulactur- I'roprietary .Medicines, in the .Milburn's employ he was for apprentice to Mr. T. Ruston, Ont. He afterwards took store in Peterboro, Onl. In rejoined Mr. Milburn and since, as chemist ti-* the lirm lacturinff Department. He Board o'i Trade in the year an independent course. He t:!^ Honor ami of the Cana- lirm with which the subject employs 25 hands and pre- Medicines, I^xtracts, Bitters, Quinine, Iron and nion. All the various preparations are made and lind a ready market wherever introduced, prising^, reliable business men. Chemist with the lirm ^.^i .Messrs. T. Mii- sireet, Toronto, is o( Irish parentage, his his country and gi>ing into the Insurance at Sand Hill, County o'i Peel, Ont., in the education at the public sclund .Mr. N'eoman commenced his Thomas Milburn, W'hole- ing Chemist and Dealer in year iS7(). Leaving .Mr. a period of four \ears an Chemisf, ci'i (ieorgetow 11, charge of .Mr. Kuston's the year iSSj Mr. \'eoinan lias remained with him ever and in charge t^'i the .Vlanu- became a member yy{ the i.SH() juul in politics follows is a member c^i the Knights dian Order <-\i l'"oreslers. The of this sketch is connected pares and sends Proprietary other Wines, etc., to all parts of the Donii- k'^i the tinesl ingretlients, are all first class, Those connected with the firm are enter- , Scott X: Co., Wholesale , Pro\ince of Quebec, his |uiring his education ;it a or commenced his com- I's of age, as a clerk in iibhon & Baird, Mon- riod oi four years. At |entered the employ of o'i Montreal, wholesale tor three or four years. Taylor travelled for the i*t Sons, of Montreal, came to Toronto, where [entered into a partner- iay street, the partner- ree years. Mr. G. K. jbusiness as a partner, Taylor, Scott & Co., e business, Mr. Scott ■ last. Mr. Taylor be- rade in the year 1886, cott was established in md deal wholesale in liss goods are allowed to lion. DAMKl. IU'\TI;R. Mr. Damki. HiNrivu, Ivngine Builder, Toronto, was born at .Antrim. Ireland, .March 17th, 1840, his father being a farmer in the same county. When four years of age .Mr. Hunter accompanied his parents to Canada and settled at Campbellville, Ont., in the County of Halion. He was educated in the village school of that place, and when twelve years of age was apprenticed ness. .After completing his worked at his trade in until i8()8, when he formed with whom he remained for partnership the firm did some work, such as building the Toronto Waterworks, the Parkdale Waterworks en- partnership lasted the firm at Fort William, Ont. .After ter formed a Joint Stock Co. the engines for the Klectric on Terauley street, and on ness he was engaged asfore- principally marine ones — for etc. Mr. Hunter also erect- to the millw righting busi- apprenticeship Mr. Hunter \ arious places in Ontari(< a partnership with Mr. Inglis twenty years. During the very large and important liumping engines tor the engines for tlio Mail otVice, gines, and others. While the also built a \ery large engine leaving .Mr. Inglis, .Mr. Hun- with Mr. Doty, and put in Light Co., on their premises Mr. Bertram taking the husi- man in erecting the engines, the Garden C'il\\ the .J/tv/w/-//, ed and fitted up the engines IS a member of the .A. F. and and boilers for the Ophir Gold Co.'s Mines in .Algoma. He i.-, .1 meuiuer 01 uie .^. r. an A. M., Speed Lodge, Guelph. Occident Chapter, Toronto, Royal Arcanum and Commercial Traveller's .Association. He became a member of the Board of Trade in 188^, and in politics is a Reformer. BOANn or I RAPE SOUII'.NIK JAMKS J. MiKI riRKK. Mk. Jamis J. MrKniKUK, Secretary and Manajjer ol" the 'rornnln h'tiniace aiul Crematory Co., Nos. K arul lo Ijiieeii street east, is a native of Ireland, and was bi>rn in the County olMona^,'lian, in the year 1H63. He came lo this country with his parents when lie was five years of a^;e, and alter acquirinif an education commenced his business career with the firm ^•\'( \ Messrs. Jamieson and Car- roll, ^.-^i Toronio, dealers in terials and supplies, etc., the Messrs. Carroll, \'ick & ^<^. McKittrick entered the em- I'ros ision Dealer, in the and manaj^er, where he re- the lirm some time later, to the City of Chicaj^o anil ot the Archer and l^mcoast kinds of brass };oods, etc. Chicajjo in the employ oi the years and a halt". Returninj^- oi that period, he entered the year 1H77, with the firm Kittrick. The firm was sub- I.iinited IJabiiitv Ci>. , under all kinds ol builders' ma- Irade name ol the lirm bein^' Alter leaving this lirm .Mr. ploy of .Mr. James Heron, capacity of clerk, bookkeeper niained until the failure of When that happened he went eiileretl the Chicaj^o branch Co., .Manufacturers oi all Mr. McKittrick remained in company for a period of two to Torontii at the expiration into the furnace business in o{ Messrs. Sellers and Mc- sec|uentl\ coinerteil into a the name o'i the rori>nto Furnace and Crematory Co., when Mr. .McKittrick received ihe appointment of Secretar\ and Manager. This occurred in the year i8t)j. Mr. McKittrick is a member of the Toronti> Kowiii}^ and .Athletic Clubs. He became a member of the Board oi Trade in the year iSc)o, and in politics is a Reformer, but one who supports the National Policy. Mk. J in Rubber born at Mi his educati at .Mont re: ^a^a'd in tl the year establishet don oi M the vear 1 Robert O. business, ii Brothers, from the the sole very larj^i Only the allowed ti parts oi t ment in tl are constai of the 'l"or( course 'I which I hex ■ iiul is still, I SAMIM-,L JOHN MOORI-: .Mk. S.AMiKi. J. .MooKi-:, Secretary-Treasurer and Cener.-il Manaj^er oi the Carter Crume ^o.^ was born Auj^fusl 3rd, 1X51), at Doddiuij^ton, Norihamptonshire. l'-nj,Hand, and acipiired his education at London, luij^land, and at Barrie, Ont. He came to Canada with his father in iKji.and after leavins,"- school entered liie oHice of the Barrie C/V/jr/A' as an apprentice and " Devil." .\c- ^ ^ (-luirin^j a knowledi^e of com- pionioled to the position of \ ears at Barrie, came to To- business manj^er oi t Ik- Co. Later he entered the publishers of the now defunct a partner under the name oi i^ouijh. This company ulti- IVinlin<4- and Publishinij Co., Director and Cieneral .Man- ihe last two years of Mr. company, he became asso- son in the manufacturing \.^'., still relainini^' his con- business was the beginning' .August was merged into the three factories at Niagara position in the ollice, he was local editor, and after six ronto in 1879, and was made Cfifis/idii Helper Publishing employ oi Bengougii Bros., Grip, subsecjuently becoming Bengough, .Moore & Beii- mately became the Grip of which .Mr. Moore was a ager, until 1887. During Moore's connection with that ciated with Mr. J. L. Morri- business at Niagara I<"alls, nection with Grip. This of the Carter Klo., which last Carter Crume Co., having Falls, one at Dayton, J., one at Saginaw, Mich., one in Toronto and one in California. In 1892, Mr. Moore started in London, i^igland, the Brilliant Sign Co. He is Chairman of the West Knd Branch A'.M.C.A. He is also a Director of the Central V.M.C.A., and a member of the .A.O.U.VV. He joined the Board of Trade in 1888, and in politics is a Liberal. Speak held Octol Directors paiiy's wo managemi ager, aide( gentleman Hknky Pk the Comp ness has son is ail London, i«.vS I! .School am business c Toronto, j CJas Co., 1 tions suck Manager .American tion of Li companies Ii)conomic land Cemi of Trade i KADE SO Uy EN IK NL'MHER. i8i JOHN IIAI-LV. Mk. John Hai.i.v, head of ihe firm of Missrs. llally HrDlhors, VVIu)lesalo nealcrs in Rubber Boots and Shoes, No. ,^S N'onj^e street, is of Scotch descent, and was born at Melrose, Roxborouj^hsliire, Scotland, April J()tli, in the year 1H45. After aci.|uiringf his education in the town ol his birth, he came to this country in the year iSi)^, and settled at Montreal. Kor a number of years, Mr. Hally was en- j^aj^ed in the boot and shoe Ihe year 18S5, Mr. ilallv established a branch busi- don o'i^ Montreal, of which the year iSSH. Durinjjf thai Robert O. H.illy, bou^^ht i>ul business, and established the Brothers. A few years aj^o, from the business, and the the si>le proprietor. The very larj^e, and is steadily Only the very first class allowed to leave the premi- parts of the Dominion. A ment in the warehouse and are constantly upon the road, of the Toronto Hoard of Trade business in .Montreal. In removed to Tori>nti>, and ness for Mr. Richard Smar- he remained in char^a- until ye.ir he and his brother, .Mr. Mr. Sinardon's interest in the present lirm of .Messrs. Hallv Mr. Robert O. Hally retired subject of this sketch became business done by the firm is increasiiijj year by year, description of j^oods are ses, and they are sent to all number of men find emplov- several commercial travellers Mr. Hallv became a member in the year iHi)^, and in politics pursues an independent course The lirm oS. Messrs. llally Brothers pride themselves on the promptness with which they can and do fill any order received by them, and their ambition has always been, and is still, to furnish to their patrons a jjood and honest article. WILITA.M HKN'RN- PKARSON. SpeaUinj;- at the l-'orly-fourth .\nnual Meeting;' oi the Consumers' Cias C"o., Toronto, held October 31st, 1892, the President of the Company, Mr. James .Austin, said : "The Directors have pleasure in testifying to the thorouj^h and increased eiliciency of the Com- pany's works, in every department, the principal credit for which is due to the able mana}j;'ement and untirini; ^ enerj^y o^ the (leneral Man- ager, aided by an intellii^^ent j^entleman referred to by the Hknuv Pi;.\kson, the Cleneral the Company, under whose ness has increased to an and son is an I'^nj^^lishman, London, in ianized by Messrs. John Taylor & Co. about (t\^\M years ago. The object of the Dominion Dye- wood and Chemical Co. is to furnish the textile trade, not only with soaps (which they manu- facture), but with aniline . colors, dyestuffs, extracts etc., and are the sole a.^'ents firms of high repute, such as Friedr Bayer cS: Co., Klber- and Alizarine Manufacturers; Co. (Limited), Hudderslield, Co., Bury, iMigland. The ness oi the company is car- height, 40 X 150 feet in di- distributed all over Canada manufaciories They have in Canada, and as the firm it possesses all facilities for full particulars oi all the continually being brought to .Mk. Maikh. i; J. Tavi.ok has m Canada for I'.uropean the Farbenfabriken vorin feld, Cermany, Aniline Dye Read, Holiiday, .Sons & i^ngland, and Mucklow i\; building in which the busi- ried on is three storeys in mensions, and from it are the products oi tiio alnne the only practical laboratory employs a Clerman Chemist, supplying its customers with latest discoveries that are light by Kuropcan chemists, full management of the con- ihe iirm of .Messrs. John cern, and is junior partner in Tavlor & Co. He was born October 4th, i.^fij, and uas educated at the public schools and at the Jarvis Street Collegiate Institute. He commenced his mercantile career at the age of fifteen as a clerk in his father's business, and was admitted a partner in iS(S(). He ioineil the Hoaid of Trade in 1892. I'lensburg. Denmark, chool of the same cit}', |\ ed his time he travelled Norway and Sweden. his knowledge of his ihagen and started Mr. Knees emigiated n a tanning business |i\ i.lled through every alters relating to the |li\e taritT came into ime to this countr) , lie remained three and bought out the [Messrs. Taylor & .Son. a removal to Toronto, lied. It is the only Ity of manulacturing lAn^erican horse hides has also recently pur- n Warren o\ Oshawa, iian leathei' known in her. .Mr. Knees was ;ind u as a member of ark. WALTKR ABBOTT STROWCKR. .Mk. W.\i,ri:K AHuorr Sthowgick, Manager of the Ireland .Xalional Food Co., (Limited), Ninth Tor. nto, was born at Stratford, Ont., in 1862. He received his education at the Gait Public School, and in 1875 and 1876 learned tetegraphing and the freight busi- ness at the Great Western Railway Station at (iait. In the spring oi 1877 he renn ved with his father and family to employ of the wholesale & Stewart, with whinn he Mr. Strowger next entered Peter R. Lamb & Co., then manufacturers in vanada. sixteen years o. age, ho of bookkeeper for tlv firm, Commercial Traveller. Mr Peter R. Lamb & Co., as until the works were com- the spring of i88(). Being a satisfactory site for a new against the i^lue business the an J Mr. K:rowgcr at once countant with the Ireland Two years later he was Conipany. I'he i -mpany are Toronto, and entered the paint and oil firm of Pearcy remaif.ed onl_\' a few months, the office of the late firm of the largest glue and blacking in a year's time and when was promoted to the posiii,>ii and subsequenth the firms Strowger continued with the salesman and office .NLinager, pletely destroyed by fiie in at the time unable to secure factory owing to prejudices firm retired from business, .accepted the position of ac- National !'"ood Co. (Limited), appointed Manager of the .... . . . , til'-' largest manulaciurers of breakfast cereal foods in the I^ominion, ' heir extensive and well equipped mills being situated on the C. P. R., near North Toronto Station. Mr. Strowge; became a m -mber of the Board of Trade in July of the present year. In politics he is a Conser\ alive. HOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUA PAUL KRIM). Mr. I'aii. FKixn, m.inai;er oi the Paul I'riiul WiH>llen Macliiiien Co., (Limited), dealers and maiuifacturers ot Woollen .Machincrv and Woollen Mill supplies, and of the firm of Paul l-'rind i*t Huj^Hies. was born at Crimniitschan, Saxony, October ijth, 1.S32. He was educated at the llij;h School o\' his native town, and at the Commercial Academy in Gera. After acquirinij his trade in his father's business, France.w he re he remained li\e .sant with the I-'rench lan- those two coiuitries. He re- to comply with the German year. His military duties pied the position of buyer wool house at Bremen. In self as a wool dealer at tensive business with the rope, all the time attending; land, Heli^ium and I'rance. lady, Mr. Frind came to this wool business in Toronto. In a charter for The Paul l-'rind onlv establishment of the education he learnt the wool and lett him fiir Heli^^ium and years maUing himself conver- i^ua^e and the wool trade of turned to (iermany in 1S73 Army rei^ulations for ona completed, Mr. Frind occu- and salesman in the lari^est i{ land from the British Ciovernment. The family settled near the villaj^e of| Bath, a few miles west of Kins^ston, Onl. Here Mr. James Lake, father of Mr. John Neil- son Lake, was born in I7c)i, and a brief period excepted, lived in the Township oi lu'nes- town until his decease. Maryaret Bell, the mother of the subject <^S. this sketch, was a| daughter of John Bell of Krnestown, a C Iv. Loyalist, who did not, however, remove to| Canada until uSio. Mr. John Neilson Lake was horn on the 4lh concession o'i the Town- sliip o'i lunestown, u)th of August, 1S34, and received his education in tiie public school in I the Township and by private tuition until the year 1851. When 17 ysars of age hel ioined his brotliers in the car- riage business, and at the same time learnt draughting year 1855 he entered the Church as a probationer and year 1866, in the service Aylmer, Ingersoll, Hullsville, lowed as stations in succes- period of service in the affection of the eyes, pro- study had to be laid aside, the Ministry. In i8(k) he work, and was stationed at twelve months, owing to tiie to abandon the Ministry. In real estate \' loan olhce in took into partnership Mr. J. the year 18S2 Mr. Lake and architecture. In tlic Ministry i^i'i the Methodist spent from that year until the of that Church; Picton, Markham and Pickering fol- sion. At the end o{ this church, owing to a peculiar ducing partial blindness, all and Mr. Lake retired from again attempted .Ministerial Niagara, but in less than same affliction he had again the year 1S70 he openeil a Toronto, and live years later P. Clark i^i Brampton. In retired from the partnership, and three years later, when the American Watch Case Co. was incorporated as a Joint Stock Co., (Limited), he was appointed its President, which position he still holds. .Mr. Lake is a meiidier of the Toronto Board of Trade, Secretary oi the Ontario Folding Steel Gate Co., Director of the North .American Life Assurance Co., and Chairman of the .Agency Committee ; Treasurer ot the I'nion Church Relief Pund ot the .Methodist Church, and was Treasurer of the Sherbourne street .Methodist Church for 20 years and Superintendent of its Sunday School for eleven years, and has held a position on most of the important Committees o'i the Methodist Church in Canada. In the year 1881 he represented '\ --^ Ward of St. Thomas in the City Council, retiring the following year, though lu'ged to remain. In i8qo he sold out all his re;d estate in and around Toronto, escaping the col- lapse of the " Boom,"' and removed his i'amily to Brooklyn, and engaged in business in New \'ork City, retaining all his connections with companies in Canada, and is now enijagtd in building a new Incline Railway in the C'ity o'i Hamilton, where he still holds large landed intere^^s. He is a very bu.sy man, and votes the Reform ticket every time. In June i85<.) he married Kmily Jane, the youngest daughter of the late S. \'. R. Douglas of Burford, Brant County, Ont'irio, and a grand-daughter oi the Rev. Thomas Whitehead, who occupied an important position in the Methodist Church from 1795 to 1840. Mr. Lake is one of the Queen City's most enterprising citizens, and certainh one of her most successful ones. He is always in search of new i leas, and is now interested in an enterprise which if successful will C^o incalculable good to the city and materially assist its progn, ss. He has numerous friends in 'i'oronto, and in all connections, both commerciallx and private, has won for himself the esteem of all who ha\e come into contact with hin^. .As President of the American Watch Case Co., of Toronto, he has displayed great faith in Canada and its resources. il HOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUMBER. WILLIAM CHRISTIL. ^"ase Loiiipany, comes 'indt'atlier owned part war oF IiidepeiKlence villi the latter and to- riie family removed to eived a grant of about led near the \ illaj^e oi thcr of Mr. John Neil- le Township of lOrnes- of this sketch, was a t, howe\er, remove to ncession of the Town- in the public school in n 17 years oi ai,fe he business, and at the irchitecture. In the ry of the Methodist Vom that year until the at Church; I'icton, am and Fickerins,'- fol- At the end oi this , owinj'' to a peculiar partial blindness, all [r. I>akc retired from attempted Ministerial ■a, but in less than miction he had a^ain ar 1870 he opened a o, and five years later k o( Brampton. In roni the partnership, orporated as a Joint he still holds. Mr. ntario Foldiiiij' Steel iirman of the .Agency hodist Church, and and .Siijic rintendent st of the important he representeil *! ■^ ar, though in-ged lo o, escaping the col- 1 in business in New i is now engagtd in 1 hole's large landed time. In Jiuie 1S5C) Douglas o\ Burford, as Whitehead, who 1840. Mr. Lake is her most successful n enterprise which if progii ss. He has rcially :nul private, hini. As President eat laitli in Canada >n .n f Mr. \Vii.i.i.\m CiiuisTiic, proprietor of the mammoth biscuit manufactory, Duke and Frederick streets, Toronto, is one of the mo^t prominent men in the business circles of the city. Through persistent energy and upright methods lie has won for himself a high place among mercantile and professional men, and is known by reputation from one end ol the Dominion to the other. He deenshire, Scotland, January John Christie o^ the same was not a rich man but he was necessary that the sub- an early age begiri life for education in the Parish lie was apprenticed to tiie .Aberdeenshire, where he pi ration of which jieriotl he ing at the time uj years o'i ly at his trade in Toronto for started into business on his the name '^f the lirm being This firm lasted tor three or Mavcr retired and Mr. Cliris- .\lex. Brown, the name of the & Co. In 187S .Mr. Brown retired from the business. was born at Huntly, .Aher- ^ih, i82(), and is a son of .Mr. place. Mr. Christie, senior, was highly respected, and it ject of this sketch should at himself. After an ordinary .School oi' I"\irglen Mr. Chris- baking business in Turrilf, served four years, al the ex- came to Canada in 1S4S, be- age. He worked persistent- some years and in 1852 he ownaccount with Mr. Maver, -Maver & Christie, bakers, lour years, when in iS()8 .Mr. tie took into partnership Mr. lirm being Christie, Brown Mr. Christie is an old member of the Board oi Trade, and is a member of the Council, being elected to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Mr. J. (i. Worts. He is Vice-President of the Industrial Exhibition Asso- ciation. Mr. Christie is a Liberal. In March 1855 he married Miss J. McMullin of \'ork Co. KOBKRT JAKKRA^' CHRISTIE. yUi. RonKKT J.MKK.w CuKisTiK, assistant manager at Messrs. Christie, Brown & Co.'s establishment, corner of Duke and Frederick streets. Biscuit Manufacturers, is the only son oi Mr. William Christie, the head of the lirm. He is a native Canadian and was horn in the City of Toronto, .April 5th, in the > ear 1870. .After acquiring his education in the City Public Schools, he coni- in his father's establishment sistant manager. .Mr. Chris- Club, Athletic Club and He became a member of the i8qi, and in politics is In- wards the Reform Party. subject of this sketch is as- interest to mercantile men seserance and indomitable able business dealing and a only the very best in the mar- cess. To give some idea of ness done by this house, it 160 barrels of flour and a ton every working day oi the dozens of eggs. Owing to menced his mercantile career four years ago, and is nowas- I ie is a member of the Ciranite Royal Canadian \'acht Club. Board of Trade in the year dependent, with leanings to- The business of which the sistant manager is one lull of and pro\es that ability, per- energy, coupled with honor- determination to produce kel are sure of ultimate suc- the immensity of the busi- is necessary to say they use ;irid a half of butter and lard year, besides thousands of . . the great increase in the business large additions were recently made to the builuing and plant. Although a voung man Mr. Christie, in the responsible position which he holds, has shown himself possessed ot thorough business ability, .md is not only respected and esteemed by the public with whom he is in constant contact, but also by the employes of his firm. ■^ HOARD OJ' TRADE SOUVENIR NUM ROIii:RT PARKKR. Mr.^ Rohkki PakkI'K. head of the lirm of R. Parker & Co., djers and liiiishers, 7H7 to 791 Yon^^e street, commenced business ei^'hteen years ago in a rough cast building at 824 Vonge strict, Yorkville, (now Toronto) opposite Severn's Hrewery. The foiknving year he opened a branch at 211 \'onge street. Toronto, since wiiicli time branches have been opened in li\ e difl'erent , parts of tiie city as well as in Hamilton. Hrantford, Lon Woodstock, in addition to ker lias established agencies village in Ontario and Mani- amount of business is obtain- premises altogether too ing business, and purchased he built a three storey build- machinery i.-\\ the most im- In iSiS(> further additions the capacity oi the works, dyeing and finishing of dress cial attention and procured special machinerx' for that another two storey building ing more property in the rear don, St. Catherines, (ialt ;ind ihe branch oilices, Mr. I'ar- in nearly every town and toba, through which a large ed. In I1SS3 he found his small for his rajiidi}- increas- a lot on \'onge street, where ing 30 X 150 feet, into which proved kind has been placed, were made, almost tli>ubling In i'( malt carrying ofV th afterwards L'p| some years imt metic alter a h; cation was ci can Coiumerci class diploma, into a partners sters under the 1 death of his lath proprietor of when he admittt der the nann ment lasted unt again becomin time a Joint Si title of 'hie Da company Mr. I member of the Ward, being f mainly due to He advocated gentleman $1,; purchasing oi ment. Mr. Da city, oi wideni supporter ot th the purifying c of the Toronto Toronto Dry I the same park ter and niembe Sons cti luigl; siderably in th enjoyable time Conservative in as long as shi Hoard of Trad sold cut the H in 1890, and it possession. Nc and out of the 1 >A SOUVENIR NUMBER. '«5 MR. THOMAS DAVIHS. Considetin}^ tliat lie is still, comparatively speaking, a young man, few have played more conspicuous parts in public matters or led a more active lile than Mk. 'I'iiomas l).\\ii:s, president of the Davies Brewing and Malting (lo. He was born at Davisville, now \onli Toronto, and is one of se\en children. His parents were Thomas and I'idelia (Jones) Daviis, his faliier coming to Canada from Cheshire, ICngland, in 1S32, setthiig on ilie place where Tliomas was born. Mr. Davies, Sr., carried on a brewing and malting business at Davisville, in company with his two brothers John and Nathaniel. In 1841) the cider Mr. Davies left Davisville and bought the present property on the West side of the Don river close to King and Queen streets. At that time the grounds, buildings and plant were small, but they have since grown to enormous proportions. '1 he brewery proper and malt houses are of brick on stone foundation, and the brewery has an annual capacity oi 40,000 barrels of ale, porter and lager beer, and ioo,ccxj bushels y.-\'i malt. Mr. Davies got his preliminary education at the Park public school, carrying off the Jesse Ketchum prize. He next attended the model school, and C'ollege, remaining there receiving a prize for arith- Xot satisfied that his cdu- attended the British Ameri- where he secured a first ifS()H Mr. Davies entered father as brewers and malt- mas Davies & Son. On the ing year he became sole and remained so until 1X71, Robert into partnership un- Davies & Bro. This arrange- Robert retired, Thomas once prietor. Finally after a sliort formed imder the name and and Malting Co., of which president. He has been a member oi the City Council olT and on for twenty years, representing old St. David's Ward, being first elected, after several refusals on his part to run, in 1873. it was mainly due to his exertions that the East end citizens got Riverdale Park in 1876. He advocated the city purchasing High Park from the late Mr. Howard, paying that gentleman $1,200 a year during the remainder of iiis life. He also advocated the purchasing oi the Furness Water W^orks, which has proved a very proHlable invt-st- ment. Mr. Davies was mainly instrumental in securing that great improvement to the city, i^'i widening, deepening and straightening the river Don, and was an earnest supporter ot the improvements to the western and eastern entrances to our harbor, and the purifying of .Vshbridge's Bay. Mr. Davies represented the Council as a director of the Toronto and Nipissing railway. He is a stockholder in and President of the Toronto Dry Dock Co. ; President of the Victoria Park Steamboat Co., and owner ot" the same park ; a life member of King Solomon's Royal Arch Chapter ; a Past Mas- ter and member of Orient Lodge A. F. and A. M. ; a member of St. George's Society, Sons of Fngland Benevolent Society ; and T'oresters. Mr. Davies has travelled con- siderably in the British Isles, in Kurope, in the Western States, and recently spent an enjoyable time in British Columbia, Manitoba and the North-West. He is strongly- Conservative in politics and has an intense love for Canada and every faith in her future as long as she remains a part of the British Empire. He became a member of the Board of Trade in 1S86. He now represents Ward No. 1 in the City Council. He sold cut the Brewery, Premises, .Assets, etc., of the Davies Brewing and Malting Co. in i8qo, and it is expected that the purchasers, an English syndicate, will soon assume possession. No one has fought harder for the interests of the east end of the city, both in and out of the Council, than Mr. Thomas Davies. afterwards L'pper Canada some \ears until 1862, and metic alter a liard struggle, cation was completed, he can Commercial College, class diploma. In the year into a partnership with his sters under the name of Tho- death of his father the follow - proprietor of tiie business when he admitted his brother der the name of Thos. ment lasted until 1878, when again becoming sole pro- time a Joint Stock Co. was title oi The Davies Brewing company Mr. Davies is tiie ft If 1" m III m m i86 BOARD OJ' TRADI I. oris I. i;Ri;i'iiiAn'r. % I Mk. I.oiris J. Hkiutiiaii'T, piesidoiU of The Micitliaiipt I.cullier Co., (LimilccI). of licr- lin, claims the country across the border as his hirt hphice, iiaviii},'^ been born in HiilValo, N.V., in 1H55. ICarly in life, however, he cast in his lot with Canada the land of his adoption, cominjj to Berlin, Ontario, wilh his paruits when he \n as ;;hoiit 7 years old. lie received his educatiivn in Her- iin and Toronto, and after completing" his studies, was apprenticed to the tannery businessand thorouf^hly nias- tered its every detail. To the intimate knowledj^e thus ^^ j^ained of the secrets of this industry, coupled with the ^P^'^ sij^niiicant fact that his fath- er and grandfather before m^ ^ hi in had carried on the same business, may be safely at- hm^ •r m tributetl the marked success which has characterized .Mr. ^^\ y Hreithaupt's commercial ca- reer, lie occupied the posi- ■flns^ i ''"" ^^' bookkeeper and cor- respondent for some lime, "^^SjllIrL and spent four years " on the road" for the business 01" ^^M^P^i^^ wiiich he e\entually became president. Three large tan- ^^flB»9B^^V* neries are operated by The Breithaupt Leather Co., one ^^PBP^S^^BHIr "' I^'-"'''''''' '""i*^ ''^^ Penilan- guishene and another at Lis- "j .^BII^X^ ti^wel, with the large output of 500 to 6 was also eng'aged in the Jute firm, Mr. Barr engaged with traveller, and was eventually tion of Manager of the To- of all the trade in Western head ofiices of the firm are nivnced his career in life in ness near his native town, at ed for ten years ; but finding genial to his tastes as a removed to Toronto in nSS^, Messrs. Stark Bros., wlio for the Canada Jute Co. Messrs. Stark Bros, for two which he travelled for Messrs. and a hall years, ;v firm which business. On leaving that the Canada Jute Co. as a appointed to his present posi- riMito branch, having control Ontario. The factory and on St. Martin street, Mont- t real, and the company is well known throui^lunit tiie niMiiinion. Mr. Barr became a mem- ber of the Board of Tri;de in iHi)i. In politics he is a Reformer, but takes no active interest, devoting all his time and energy to business. He enjoys the confidence of business men and is popular with all who know him. •..': jf- BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUMJiKR. C(i., (Liniited). oi Ik>r- j^ been born in HiilValo, mada the land of his iihoiit 7 years old. I le id Toronto, and after nticed to the tannery its every detail. To d of the secrets of this leant fact that his fath- lad carried on the same ed the marked success laupt's commercial ca- f bookkeeper and cor- lenl four years " on the he eventually became are operated by The ■rlin, one at Peniian- , with the large output ly. This will serve to business done by the rl}- termed a pidilic man ind (or two consecutive lool Hoard. He is also o'i the I'^conomical l'"ire SHg. WIMJ.A.M J-RI-nKKK K T.ASKKR. Mu. W'li.i.iAM I'". Taskkr, Husiness Manager of the DiMi \alley Pressed iirick Works. 60 .Adelaide street east, was born near C'hatsworth, IK-rbyshire, Kngland, in iS^l). Ik- came to Canada when he was four years of age. and actpiired his education at the Model School, 'I'oronto, and at the .Adelphi .Academy, Brooklyn, \.^'. Mr. Tasker commenced his business career in iHjt) in firm of .Samson, Kennedy mained for nine years. His father in the jewelry business, years, Mr. 'I'asker after that self as a wholesale jeweler he accepted his present posi- Tayior Hros. o'i the Don The firm manufactures high led bricks in all colors and bricks. The firm is doing bricks and Terra-cotta manu- the two highest awards at the handsomest buildings in are erected or faced with this I")on N'alley Hrick Works for two years thev now c^c- the employ of the wholesale and Clemmel, where he re- next step was to join his the partnership lasting three going into business for hini- and importer. Selling out lion o'i Husiness Manager to X'alley Pressed Brick VVorks. grade facing bricks, enamel- designs, and vitrified paving an enormous business, ihc factured by it having secured the World's i""air. Many oi 'X^-\Xi.-\\\\\.y, public and private, firm's bricks. .Although ilie have only been in operation cupy the front rank in iheir line in Canada, due to the energy and ability of Mr. Tasker and to the excellence oS. the firm's manufactures. .Mr. Tasker's intimate knowledge of clu mislry and mineralogy has been of valued service to the firm. He is a I'Veemason and belongs to the .Alheiiaum and •Athletic Clubs, joining- the Hoard in 1S87. He is a staunch Conservative anada jute Co., 4{ the BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR Ni WlH'S r.rCH.WAN MiLOLL. liK' firiii of Messrs. A. V>. Mi-C'oU \- Co.. .Maiuifacturers aiul Dealers in X'arnish. No. ji Si. Lawrence street, Toroiiio, is a well known owm, TIk- head ol tiie lirni. Mu. AniU's H. .Ml Com., is i^i Scottish descent, and w;is horn in the County ol Arf^vleshire. He accompanied his parents to this country in tiie l''orties, llie lainily settling in the l";i.nin, Out., sc> called alter Colonel Talhot. The subject in the same district in Akl- years before he attaineil his leacher in .\ldborouj.;^h touii- ihat up he entered inli> brother, umlerthe tr.ide name ■.wsi\ txlablished a nurser_\- ipiarters of the Itrm beinj,' at 1S77, the same firm under City of 'I'oronto, and estab- was conlinueil until the year Mr. McL"oll is eui^aijeil in under the name '^'I'i .Messrs. business has been successful A number oi ci>mpetent o\\\\ the very best description Talbot District, county o; its lirst pioneer settler, a of this sketch was educated bciroui^h township. I-'or some majority he was a school ship, and when he i^ave a partnership with his of .Messrs. .McColl liros., and seeds business, the liead- I.ondon, Onl. In the year the same name came to the lishetl an oil business which i(S(ji. .\t the present time the manufacture oi varnish, A. B. McColl c\; Co. The and is steadily increasiui^. hands are employed, ;ind oftjoodsare allowed to lea\e the premises, which are fully equipped with all modern improvements. .Mr. .McColl became a member of the Hoard of Trade in the year 1HS5. He is a popular j^entleman in tr;ide circles, where he is hifrlily esteemed by all who have had the opnortunitv of doinir business with lum. Mk. Mi- ne is the in Slates, and a berry is \.'i'i \V 1853, and w His father v\ aj^e of sixte himself as a veiled for a 1SH2 entered u>n, in \\\ ed three ye Sawyer- Man I salesman, tr;i panv was the I S,S7 he we the Hell 'l"el In i.S,S() M business at contract wa^ oi Trade H interest in thi ous other in Thorn berry j brother, und^ hi:nr\' KKi:\b: snmoxds hhmiNh\(i. .Mk. Hi-Nin K. S. II 1; mm inc. I're>i the hest known electricians in Canada. telephone now iinisersally used in llie I'nited osements in the telephone service. Mr. Thorn- t .Shclhyv ilk', Slate of Indiana, Septemher .i4th, IC! I'aso, stale of Illinois. state of Kentucky. At the berry commenced life for a: or in 1^1 I'aso. He tra- telej^raph operator, and in the Hell Telephone Co., Hos- lahoratory, where he remain- entered the employ of the ;. o., in New York City, as sultin<; enj^ineer. That com- <^{ the I'Idison's patents. In and entered the employ of that cit)' as an electrician, came to Toronto and started l':ieclrical Works. 11 is lirst trical work on the new Hoard Thornherry retains a half tance telephoning, and is the inventor of numer- ith telephone and }jfeneral electrical work. Mr. i.Si)o. Associated with him in business is his 'Thornberrs \' Co. HDw.Ma-) spi:xci:r pipkr. 11 The represcniatix e and well-known house of Hiram Piper X: Brother, of which Mr. N'oah L. Piper was a memher, was founded in Toronto in 1850. 'The latter came tt> 'Toronto from Htrlin, Conn., at the a^e oi iS and was oi luij^lish extraction. In 18^)3 the tirm o'i brothers dissolved partnership, Mr. N'oah I,. Piper startini; a new business Jit 169 N'lMii^e Street. In 1804 he , , admitted his son, Mk. Jm>- WAKii SrKNtKK Pii'i;k, into latter purchased his father's died in 1884. Mr. IC. S. Piper, was horn October 13th, 1842, at the .Model School o'i the Collej^e, and w as for two years afler^vards employed as a '"iper iV Hro., and is now the Xoah L. Piper cV Son. The firm \>'i Piper & Son was af the\' were remo\ed to qo mained for six years, and then mises, 314 I'ront street west, Piper has invented many rail- been widely endorsed and the continent, his latest beint;- H 1 ■^1 -mm - U— • |iartnership, and in 1S77 the interest. Mr. Noah I,. Piper the subject of this ske'-.h, in Toronti) and was educated Queen City, Upper Canada at the Gait Grammar School, clerk in the firm of IJiram sole memher of the liiin of |ireniises first occupied h\- the ibcj ^'onf;^e street ; altcrwards \'ork street, where they re- purchased the present pre- corner Windsor street. Mr. way appliances which have adopted by railways all over a switch tarjjet enamelled on steel, the color of w hich never f;'des. Gold, Silver and Bronze Medals have been awarded the firm at many [{x'.iibitions, includint;^ the World's Fair. .Mr. Piper is a member of St. John^s LoJg-e \. V . & \. M. and joined the Board of Trade in 1882. He is a Conservative, taking- an active part in politics and is much esteemed amongst business men for his push and enert^A, I IMAGE EVALUATION lEST TARGET (MT-3) fe «:^ .<° c?. . M I it* p ilfl 1 88 iil BOARD OF TRA. THOMAS ALKXANDKR I.YTLK. Mr. Thomas Ai.iiXANOKK Lyti.e, head of the firm of Messrs. T. A. Lytic & C" Vinegar and Pickle Manufacturers, Nos. 12410 128 Richmond street west, was born Magliera, in the County of Londonderry, Irehmd, November 6th, 1848, and was educated the same place. When a boy he W(.>rked in a i^rocery store in his native town as a clerk, fo period of about three years, period of three years, in Newtonards, county Down. Lytle came to this country, years was bookkeeper for Vinegar Manufacturer on Wilson, Mr. Lytle then ness on Richmond street Mr. S. Crane. The factory extensive one, 53 x 1 10 feet with basement and cellars. enced hands are employed ail travellers are constantly of the factory is 200,000 gal- gallons of pickles every successful ever since its corn- over a wide field, the repu- n and afttrwards, for anoti Taylor's Starch Works During the }ear 1871, \ and for the space of Mr. William Wilson, Bay street. Ow leaving iV established his present bii west, in partnership w occupied by the tirm is in area, four storeys hii: About twenty-five expe t!ie year round, and iht upon the road. The outp Ions i:!^ \inegar, and 100,0 } ear. ihe business has be mencement, and now exten tation o'i the firm for man facturing only the very best kind of goods being high amongst dealers and buyers Lytle joined the Board i^i Trade in 1885, and in politics follows a neutral course. He a member of the Masonic Order, of the C.O.F., and ol the Irish Protestant Benevole Society, and is one of the Trustees of Cookcs' Church. JOHN H^;LLA^!^■ mili.kr. The Parry Sound Lumber Company, of which Mr. John H. Mii.i.ick is the Presiden is one of the largest lumber companies on the continent. It was incorporated in 1872, tl principal shareholders being Mr. .\. Ci. P. Dodge, of New ^'ork, and the late Mr. J. ( Miller, father of the subject of this sketch. The property consists y^i a water mill in tl Town of Parry Sound on the Cleorgian Bay, the limits (4( square miles) being contigu- ous and watered by the S quin River, which furnishes capacity of the mill is 15,000,- pine, (), 000,000 laths and num. Mr. John B. Miller is born at Farmersville (now Ont.. July 26, 1862. When to Toronto, and in 1872 and in 1876 the Upper Cana- mother's people were C K. da from Duchess County, g^randfather fought in the dence under Lord Cornwalis. F^eeds County on a farm Government for his services belongs to the Miller familj the power for the mill. Ti 000 feet of lumber, all \\ lii 10,000,000 shingles per a a nati\e Canadian, and w; Athens), in Leeds Count six years o'i age he can attended the Model Schoc da College. Mr. Miller Loyalists and came to Can N.Y. Mr. Miller's grca .American War oi Indepe and after the war settled given him by the Britif as a soldier. The farm st In 1881, Mr. Miller beg: his commercial career with his father, who was then sole owner of the Parry Sou. Lumber Company, dying in Southern California in 1884, since which time the business h; rested with Mr. J. B. Miller. Mr. Miller, in conjunction with Mr. V . B. Poison, this ye; bought out the Poison Iron Works. Mr. Miller joined the Board of Trade in 1887. BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUMBhU ssrs. T. A. Lytle & Co.. street west, was born at 1H48, and was educated in ;Hive tou n as a clerk, for a i afterwards, for another ylor's Starch Works in ring the year 1871, Mr. .1 for the space of ten . William Wilson, the y street. 0\\ leaving Mr. ablished his present biisi- ■it, in partnership with iipied by the firm is an area, four storeys high, out twenty-five experi- year round, and three in the road. '! he output s of \inogar, and 100,000 r. The business has been ncement, and now extends ion oi the firm for manu- dealers and buyers. Mr. a neutral course. He is sh Protestant Benevolent SEKLY BENEDICT BRUSH. Mk. Si:i;i.v Bkneoict Brush, of Brush & Co., Corset Manufacturers, Adelaide ami Bay streets, is of American parentage, his father having been in the hardware business in New York, with the firm of W. N. Seymour & Co., 4 Chatham square, the oldest hardwaie firm in that city. A brother of Mr. Brush's is an eminent engineer and Professor of Kiigi- "" ' versify. Another brotlu r is '^~' cantile circles. The subject New ^'ork, August 20, iS4{), ^'ork public schools and at He commenced his mercan- an errand boy with the firm dleryand harness, New York, rising to be clerk, traveller to Toronto in iHjf) and went trimmings business as a part- E. Brusii & Hro., Front neermg in New York I'ni- prominent in New York mer- of this sketch was born in and was educated in the New the university in tha* cit\'. tile life March 3rd, i8(j6, as of ). T. Smith & Co., sad- where Ik- remained ten years, and buyer. Mr. Brush came into the button and dress ner with the firm of Clinton Street West, Mr. Clinton parlnersliip continued for five of that period Mr. Brush at 33 Front street west, re- Brush being his brother. The years, and at the expiration started the present business moving to the premises now employs between 100 and 15,0 facture being very popular occupied in a year. The firm hands, the corsets they manu- ^ ..._. ^ r- with the trade. The factory, which is 80 by 100 feet, is filled throughout with the most improved machinery and occupies a foremost position in the manufactories o'i Toronto. Mr. Brusli joined tJie Board of Trade in 1883. Mr. Brush is a practical man and full o'i push and energy, and has succeeded in building up an excellent business. Mii.MCK is the I'resident, incorporated in 1872, the ;, and the late Mr. J. C. its oi a water mill in the trgian Bay, the limits (400 and watered by the Se- powcr for the mill. The feet of lumber, all white 30Q,ooo shingles per an- ati\e Canadian, and was ens), in Leeds County, years o'i age he came nded (he Model School, College. Mr. Miller's alisis and came to Cana- Mr. Miller's great- erican War of Indepen- after the war settled in Ml him by the British I soldier. The farm still 1881. Mr. Miller began ner of the Parry Sound ich time the business has r. F. V>. I'olson, this year of Trade in 1887. CHARLES CLl'THE. Mr. Charles Ci.ithe, Surgical Instruments Maker, 134 King street west, Toronto, has invented several special appliances for the cure of Hernia, cur\ature of the spinal cohimii and kindred ailments, which are highly spoken of by surgeons and physicians. Mr. Cluihe was born at Fritzlar, in (iermany, and was educated at the best National schools in that countrv. When young he F^urope, then he came to the New York, Cin^inatti and instrument maker. In the business in Berlin, Ont., year 1873, and to Toronto in year 1893 Mr. Cluthe coii- the manufacture of trusses but in the commencement oi self with surgical instru- in general, and now carries the kind in Canada. His Mr. I'Vederick Cluthe, have surgical instrument depart- pletely separated and distinct has separr.te books and are not alone the handsomest practical on the Continent. worked in difrerenl shops in United States and worked in Indianapolis as a surgical year 1871 he started a similar moving to Hamilton in the the year 187c). Until the fined himself principally to and orthopetical instruments; that year he iniorested liim- mentsand phy>icians' supplies the most complete slock oi two sons, Mr. Charles and charge of the stock. The ment in his store is com- froni the other branches, and clerks. Mr. Cluthe's offices in Toronto, but are the most ,, ^^^i"- Cluihe joined the Board oi Trade in 188^. He is a l-reemason and Oddlcllow, President of the Cierman Benevolent Society, and one of the main pillars oUhe German Lutheran Church. Mr. Cluthe's business is constantly growing as the merits of his goods become more widely know n. He is greatlv esteemed in business ciick-. i g^?ggfff ' .».- ' -'..M*IW>ll !W>"' BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR Nl \ R. cV' T. WATSON. The Brothers Watson, Confectionery Manufacturers, 75 Front street east, have suc- ceeded in buildins; up a trade and reputation that is co extensive with the Province. Their larije and well equipped establishment on Front street east, between Church street and the City Hall, produces an excellent quality of the various styles of sweet snoods. The firm is composedof Messrs. Robert and Thomas Watson. Mr. Rohkk r Watson was born in the County of Down, Ireland, January ist, icS^o, and was educa- ted at the common school in Antrim. Mc came to Canada in 1867 and settled in Toronto. When 17 years \.>'i aije he ob- tained a situation in the confect ionery estab- lishment of Mr. Rob- ertson, where he re- mained se\en years. He then started iiis present business with his brother at 357 N'onye street, removing- to 05 Jarvis street, and subsequently to the present premises on Front street east. ^^r. Watson is a member of the Irish Protestant Benevolent Society. He became a member of the Board ot Trade in iSS^, and in politics is a Conservative. Mr. Thomas Watson, the other partner in the firm, is two years younj^er than his brother, and was born at Maze, County Down, Ireland, in 1S3J. .After acquirins^- an educa- tion at the Public School, .Antrim, he accompanied his brother to Toronto in 1867. .After folknvini^ various occupations in the city for a time, he eventually joined his brother in business in ii:kso\, Manaj^er and Director i>f the lirni of The Lyman Brothers X; Kli^., (Limited), wholesale manufaciurint;" chemists, 71 and 7,^ l""ront street east, is a sop of William Henderson, merchant ^i Caithness, Scotland, who came to this country about 183V •^'''- John Henderson was born in Toronto, February 12th, 1843, and was educated at .Mr. Crombie's (irammar School, then at Cpper Canada College, where he made a name for iiimselfas an athlete. He commenced his mercantile career when 17 years of aj^'e, in Mr. Hooper's drug' store, where he remained five years. .At the expiration of that period he went to Montreal for a few months, and on his return to Toronto, enj^ajjed with Lyman, F^IIiott i*<: Co. When the firm dissolved and became The Lyman Bros. & Co., Mr. Hender- son travelled for it for twelve years, and then became its manai^er and partner, a position he still holds, thouj^h the name of the firm has been ciianfjed to The Lyman Bros. & ;inl 1858. Hisf; front in i86( Kingston, an the military s in Montreal Toronto in 1 A.F. &A.M BaaaasBS -'--- DE SOUVENIR NUMBER 189 JOHN MiI.KAR FRKNCH. Mr. Joiia' McLkak Fkkmii, of the firm of John M. I'Vench & Co., manufacturers of colours, paints, varnishes, &c., Jarvis street, and the I'^splanade, Toronto, was born at Kingston, Ont., in 1863, being- a son of the late T. P. French, Post Office inspector at Ottawa, and a grandson of the late Sheriff McLain. He was educated at the Ottawa Collegiate Institute and _ ___ _ began his commercial career office of as a junior in the Montreal. Subsequently he Caverhill, Learmont & Co., merchants of the same city, voice clerk for about two office staff of Messrs. A. G. This firm was merged into he was appointed its sec- he maintained until the Can- purchased the business of Ills present business, which <^\\ under his own name ever tlie Hoard of Trade in 1891, servative. Mr. F'rench was tlie M. A. A., and is a the Montreal Spring Works, entered the employ of Messrs. wholesale shelf hardware lemaining with them as in- years, when he joined the Pewchen «."v: Co., Toronto. a joint stock company and retar\-treasurer, which post ada Paint Co. of Montreal the former. He then started he has successfully carried >ince. Mr. FVench joined and in politics is a Con- for two years a member of stockholder of the Toronto He was for about four years Atliletic Club's new building. ' a member of the Victoria Ritles, Moiureal, aiul w;is for sometime a member of the (io\ ernor-Cieneral's F'oot (luards, Ottawa, and is a member of the Argonaut Rowing Club, Toronto. Though still a young man, Mr. h'rench has given ample proof in holding the responsible position he does, that he possesses energy, perseverance iuid business abilit\'. COBBAN MAXL'F.\CrLRl\(. i:0.. (LTD). I ' ■ Mr. Frank j. Piiii.i.ii's, President o^ the Cobban Manufacturing Co., and also Presi- dent of the Consolidated Plate Glass Co. o'i Canada, whose head oilice is in Toronto, with branches in Montreal, London and Ottawa, came to Toronto in 1864, and entered the em- ploy of Mr. John McGee, Iron Founder, continuing at the business when it was bought out by I^. <.<: C. Gurney. He left Mr. John Bacon purchased business of Hurd & Leigii, Phillips. When Mr. Bacon into partnership with Mr. C. Phillips, Thorne iV Co., at This partnership lasted five joined the Cobban Manufac- since been connected, the manager and sole owner. In was formed into a limited lia- ihe Board of Trade in 1884, Mr. William Charles Phillips, of Mr. l>Vank J. Phillips, and 1858. His father was " Bri- front in 1866. Mr. Wm. C. Kingston, and took first and this firm in 1872, and with the old crockery and china under the style of Bacon & retired, Mr. Phillips went 1^. Thorne, under the name of No. 23 Front street west. \ears, when Mr. Phillips luring Co., with which he has major portion of the time as January 1892, the concern bililyCo. Mr. Phillips joined and is now a life member. \ice-Prcsident, is a nephew was born at Kingston, Ont., gade- Major," being at the Phillips was educated at second class certificates at the military school there before he was 1 5 years of age. He commenced his commercial career in Montreal with Dun i\: Co., then joining the Montreal Telegraph Co. He left Montreal for Toronto in 1879, to join the Cobban Manufacturing Co. He is a member of St. John's Lodge, A.F'. & A.M., joining the Board of Trade in 188G. Both uncle and nephew are Conservatives. '''HI ^ ' IQD BOARD OF TRAi W. K. McNAUGHT. ^^ i|t Mr. W. K. MiNai'c.ht, Secretary- Treasurer of the American Watch Ca- During the sentedthe iirn- he obtained ;i man pianos 01 World. Sine and building i of the busines 1886 and is a HERMAN HE:INTZMAN. There is scarcely anything which better illustrates the progress and refmement of a people than their love oi music and the fine arts. In almost every house where refmement prevails a piano is to be found. One of the largest houses in America engaged in the with ollices at No. 117 King factory at Toronto Junction, hundred men and turning a year. The business was year i860, by Mr. T. A. of the firm, but previously to in the same line in BufTalo, are his four sons, Herman, all piano experts. Mk. Hkk- of this sketch, was born at manufacture of these instruments is that of Heintzman (it Co street west, and an immense giving employment to several out several hundred pianos established in Toronto in the Heintzman, the present head that he had been established N. V. Associated with him Charles, George and William MAN Hkintzman, the subject Bufialo. N. v., March 23rd, education at the public a private school kept by Mr. school he entered the employ manufacturers, where he Mr. Heintzman went to the years travelled over a large gaged in the sale of cigars 1852. He acquired his schools in Toronto, and at William Orr. After leaving ofC. P. Reed & Co., cigar learnt the business. In i86g United States and for four portion of them while en- Returning to Toronto he went into his father's factory at the Junction, where he now has charge of the books. Mr. Heintzman joined the Board' of Trade in 1885 and in politics is a Conservative. In 1882 he married Miss Spink, adaughterof Mr. John Spink, of the C.P.R. Mr. Heintzman is a member of the Liederkrantz Society and is much esteemed by those who know him. I The facte Bloor, is an e Company is ready sale al Mr. Geokgk. ed in all tht hiiving had Hastings was His father with Lord and also tool and Gibralte ancestry held ucated at Ha extensive m; the hunting \ Mr. Hastinf hydrographii hall, London the expiratio wich Arsena into tlie mai Limited, whi the practical Club. He jc DE SOUVENIR NUMBER. 191 (IKORCIK CHARLES HKINTZMAX. Mr. Gkokok Ch.vrmcs Hkintzman, son of Mr. Theodore A. Heintzman the weU known Canadian manufacturer of pianos, Kin^*- street west, Toronto, and West Toronto Jmiciion, was born in Hiitfalo, N. \'., March ytli, in the year 1H60. He came to Canada with his father the same year he was born and was educated in the Toronto public schools. When only fourteen years \.-\i a^^e he went into his father's business, wliere he remained tor a period of ten years, learning the piano making business in all its details. At the expiration of that time, anxious to still further ac- quire a thorough knowledge ^IPiN^ of the business, he went to the Cnited Slates, and was W ^m emjdoyed by the Steinway Co., oi New \'i>rk, and other af^ ^' ^ ^^'"'" '^"^^wn American firms. Returning to Toronto, he ^i,. '^ ^^'^^ made foreman of the "Action" department in his ^K^ father's factory, where he remained for a period oi J^^ ^^ three years, finally being made superintendent oi the .^U^^^^^^ whole c\{ the manufacturing department. After acL|uiring ' ^dtfl^B^I^^^K ' a thorough knowledge of the piano business, he entered ^PP^^^HHJR^' ''^''' selling department. During the year iS8() he ■ ^^mjP"^/ went to England and repre- sented the firm at the Colonial • ft- I'^xhibition in London, where he obtained a brilliant sue- cess in placing the Heintz- man pianos on a footing with ' ■ — — ' the best piano makers in the World. Since then Mr. Heint/man has been travelling all over the Dominion introducing and building up the reputation of the firm, and is now looking after the principal interests of the business throughout the World. He became a member of the Hoard of Trade in 1886 and is a Conservative in politics. He is a member of the Leiderkrantz Society. t' ONTARIO STRAW C.OODS M ANrFACTCRIXC, CO. The factory of the above company situated on Halmuto street, between Czar and Bloor, is an extensive op.e, over 160 hands being employed in it. The American l''elt Hat Company is also under the same control and the goods turned out by both concernii find a r^ady sale all over the Dominion. The manuOicturing directors are Mr. Robert Crean and Mk. CiKOKGii. H. Hastinos, ed in all the details of the having had many years ex- Hastingswasborn in I^ondon, His father was a Hritish with Lord Howe, the first and also took the Dowager and Cibralter in H. M. S. ancestry held naval and miii- ucated at Hall Place college, extensive mansion, the seat the hunting place of Edward Mr. Hastings obtained a hydrograpliic clerk in the hall, London, where he re- the expiration of this period wich Arsenal. In 1867 he gtiitlemen thoroughl}' post- business, each of them perience. Mr. George H. luigland, March 31st, 1844. naval oflicer and sailed out (io\ ernor-General of Quebec, Queen Adelaide to Malta Hastings. All Mr. Hastin«-'s tary positions. He was ed- Hexley, Kent, an old and K^'i Lady Dashwood, formerly the Black Prince. In i860 Government position as a Admiralty offices at White- mained for two years. At he was removed to Wool- came to Canada and entered into tlie manufacturing of straw hats in the Ontario Straw Goods' Manufacturing Co., Limited, which was re-organized by Boswell, Crean & Hastings in 1876. Mr. Hastings is the practical man of the business and is a Tiiember of St. George's Society and the Albany Club. He joined the Board of Trade in 1886 and in politics is a Conservative. igz /iC'.lA'/) OF TRAl i J !■ I \ t AKCHIHALI) HAMILTON CAMl'HKLI,. The Muskoka Mill and I.iimher Qo.y of whicli Mu. Aucnin.\i,n H. Cami'Hki.i. is tli president, was incorporated under the laws of Ontario in I'Sj^. Its capital is $150,01 with a larjje reserve fund. The company and its individual members own about 270 squai miles of pine lands on (leor^ian Hay, wiierc extensive saw mills have been erected, whic give employment to more . than 200 men. Mr. Cam Stirlinjjshire, Scotland, th John lamphell, W.S., Auj; ted at Kdinbur^h Academ hAlinburj^h. lie came copper mining excitemei wa-i appointed manager o'i he was transferred to Kinj^ bank. Hocomin^ intereste at Peterboro, Mr. Campbe some years devoted himsc the lumber limits were sold from Peterlioro to Toront( ness of the .MusUoka Mill tS oi Limit and Mill owners ii Mr. Campbell was appointoi still holds. .Mr. Campbell wa bell was born at Carbrook, country seat of his father, i2th, 1H19. He was educa- and at the University ^"^i Canada in 1845, when the was at its heijjht, and in kS^i bank in Montreal. In 1850 ston, the head oHice ol the in a larj^e lumberiii}^ concern retired from the bank and tor to that business. In 1S74 and Mr. Campbell removed and now carries on the busi- I^umber Co. An association Ontario havinj^ been formed, president, an oHice which he one of the founders of the Church .Association, and takes s^reat interest in WyclitTe Colleii^e He has been President oi the Toronto h^lectric Light Co. since its re-ori^anization in 1SS5 Mr. Campbell is a Past .Master of St. Paul lodj^e, .-\. K. and .A. .M., Montreal, and J. in R. .A Chapter of the same lodj,'-e. He joined the Hoard of Trade in 1SS7 and is a Conservative JOHN \varri:n cowan. Mk. John W.AKitiiN Cowan, President of the Cowan Company ( Ltd.), and head of tht firm of John W. Cowan & ^i^.., was born in the ir, both being members of the lioard of Trade. The business was established by John Dick in 1881, who came from Dundee, Scotland, that year. It has grown to large proportions, and now covers the whole o'i the Dominion, agents being stationed in the Maritime Provinces, in Montreal for the district about that city, and in Winnipeg for Manitoba and the North-West. In Winnipeg the lirm has a large warehouse, where a full stock of the firm's goods is kept. The central oilice and warehouse in T.ironto is well situated in the business locality i^i the city, and the local trade is rapidly growing. Mr. John Dick, the senior partner, was born in Dundee, Scotland, April 4th, iS5i,and acquired his education in the Proprietary School in that town. He commenced his mercantile career in 1H66, as a clerk in his father's office, where he remained ten years. In iSjh he started business for himself in Dundee in manufactured goods. He remained in that business with his brother as a partner until i(S8i, when both brothers came to Canada and settled in Toronto. Mr. Dick became a member of the Board of Trade in iH.Sh. He is not a member of any societies, and has never held any public position. Mr. Cleorge Ridout, a partner in the firm, is of l-iiiglish and Canadian parentage, his mother being Knglish, and his father a Canadian. He was born in Toronto, July 2C)th, 1H52, and was sent to Christ's Hospital, London, luigland, for his education. He commenced his commercial career in i8()7, as a junior clerk, with Messrs. .A. R. McMaster & Bros., Toronto, wholesale merchants. He remained with the firm fifteen years, working his way up step by step, until he was appointed manager of the Staple Department. He left the firm to form a partnership with Mr. Dick. The firm first started business on Scott street, where it remained about six or eight months. It llien removed to Pront street east, remaining tiiere about three years, and tiien to the present premises. Mr. Ridout became a membi?r of ihe Board of Trade in 1886. The factorv oc- cupied by Messrs. Dick X: Ridout, is 30 x lo"), and about fifty hands are employed. Two travellers are constantly on the road. (Ltd.), and head of the ime to this country with I country store at Dor- ing in that city about rv store. .At the ex- he wiiolesale grocery n which he remained there and obtained a lamilton, then one of of Canada. The firm ss in Montreal, under e late Mr. John Dun- Mr. Duncan, who had onths he was in Hamil- go to Montreal and lich he gladly accepted, irs. When Mr. Geo. irried on by Mr. Dun- n >.\: Co. In 1873 Mr. iid at the expiration of ssolved and the firm of s ago, the manufacture business. In 1893 ^'^^ d the property on King Hoard of Trade in 1885. WILLIAM BOOT!! Mk. William Booth, manufacturer of red, white and ornamental brick, etc., is a gentleman well known among the business men of Toronto. He was born in the village of Hessel, Yorkshire, ICnglaiul, Sepiember 27th, 1835, and was educated at the Parish school of the same villasre. .After ;chool ot the same village. .Alter serving an ai ,irenliceship o'i seven vears to tiie building rade at Hessel, became to Canada alone in 1.S37, and obiained employment with Mr. John Ritchie, contractor, and at that time the le, ding firm of the kind in Toronto. Mr. Booth commenced for himself in a small way as a builder in i8fi6 .and followed that business some seventeen years before commencing the manufacture oi bricks about thirteen vears ago. While engaged in the building business he built the present Gas office, the "brick work of the British North .American .Assurance Co.'s o'[^^c<:, North of Scotland Loan Co.'s building, the brick work of the Canada Land and Credit Co.'s building, and the Canada Life building, now pulled down. Mr. Booth also reconstructed the old L'pper Canada College building on King street west, and put up the brickwork of various other build- ings. In addition to this work as a builder he did a considerable amount of railwav contracting work under Mr. Hugh Ryan, no'^ of the Canadian Pacific Railwav. Mr. Booth IS now the owner of three brickfields in the vicinitv of Toronto, emplovin'g several men during the summer months. He is a member of Ashlar Lodge, A.K. &A.M., a life member of St. George's Society, and president of the Ontario Industrial anU Loan' Invest- ment Company. Mr. Booth joined the Board y^i Trade in 1885, and in politics is Independent. Before the annexation of Vorkville to Toronto he \vas for six vears a councillor of that village and chairman of its Board of Works Committee. BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NLM JOHN C IIARLKS COI'F\ Mi{. John Chaki.ks Cupp, the secretaiy-lrcasurer of llic Toronlo Silver I'lale Company, lias Ii;k1 a busy hiisincss career and is a f^entlcnian wdl known to the mercantile com- munity. He is a native of I")evonshire, i-Jij^'-hnui, anJ was born in iS^c). He accompanied his parents to Canada in 1S4J and has remained in this citv ever since. He was educated here and was o\\\: of t!ie first school when it stood upoii (lovernment House. Mr. niercial career when he wa- real estate ollice of Strachan later entered the ollice ol latterly R. Hay iV Co., fur- was with this lirni foi nineteen of which he was the In 1SS4 he became secretary - ver Plate Co., which position life member c^i St. Andrew"-- a life member oi St. Cieorj^e's was a director ot the ^'oun!, and is a director of the (•rounds Trust, and is a paM Silversmiths' section of the j^ani/ation he joined in 1S85. District Con^rej^'ational Asso enrolled pupils oi the Model the site now occupied by the Copp commenced his com- llfteen years i^ii a^e in the cV l-'itzf^erald, and tliree years Messrs, Jactjues iV Hay, niture manufacturers. He twenty-seven years, durinj^ trusted financial manaj^er. treasurer of the Toronto Sil- he still holds. Mr. Copp is a Lod^-^e. .\. I'\ i\: A. .M., and is Society. l"'or some ye irs he .Men's Christian Association Toronto (ieneral Burying t liairmanof the Jew ellers' and Hoard of Trade, which or- l""or threj years .Mr. Copp has Ix-en president ot the Toronto iation, and is a director of the I'pper Canada Bible Society, and secretary-treasurer of one of the City District liranch Bible Societies. Politically he is a Liberal-Conservative. Mr. Copp is a business man of hii^li repute and untirinj^ energy. ROBi:RT CREAN. Mk. Robi:rt Cri:an, one of the proprietors and managers ot the Ontario Straw Goods .Manufacturing Co., \o. 12 Balmuto street, is an iMiglishman by birth, and came to this country with his parents in the vear i8(>j. He received his education, partly in I'-ngland, partly in Scotland and in this countrv, and commenced his business career as an apprentice to .Messrs. Hen- derson, Bostwick & Co., Toronto, at the age of seven- teen. .\t the age of 25, .Mr. Crean had risen step by step ^-^m^ until he had the management of that important concern, -«^ii^^^^iik with an interest in the profits of the business. When iIk' ' .'.^Bif..... ^fe Ontario Straw Cioods .Manu- facturing Co. was establish- '^BK^^ '^Wfe ed, he was one ot the charter membersof the company, and i.fl^B^ ^i^'" wlien the concern changed hands, continued the bu-i- -^I^^P^ |^].'- ness in connection with Mr. A. R. Boswell and Mr. iHPIfe/" JBK Cieorge H. Hastings, who, with .Mr. Crean to-day are ^^^^^Sj^^^KL^^ the sole proprietors of that industry. Some six years '^^I^^^^Fj^^Bnml^ '^^^^^ ^'^^ '" '^ decided to add to the manufacture of straw ^^H^IL^^IRF^ goods that of telt hats, and for which they put in an ex- ^^9^^^^- tensive plant of machinery. The f.rm employs about 130 '' " 'W'' hands and is one of the most important industries in the city, the trade extending from Halifax to \'ancouver. Mr. Crean is a director in the Manufacturers Life Insurance ' " Co., the Manufacturers' .Ac- cident Insurance Co., and is Vice-President of the Commercial Travellers' Mutual Benefit Societv. He became a mamber of the Board of Trade in the vear 1883. Messrs. Crean and Hastings have repeatedly enlarged their facilities for doing business, and have now one of the best equipped factories in Toronto. The Brush ^ known and muc Boeckh, the heac laciure of brusln CiiAs. Bo also exported to .Mr. Charles Aug the same city. I number of year> ten years, engag leave New \'ork present business 1878, when .Mr. changed to Cliar in 1885. Mr. ICni 1855, and came t College, after wli six vears. He h Mk. W'li.i.iA 1)8 to 102 .\delai lather. Ciavin Pa .Mr. Park is the > Glasgow and can grocery business ness in Scotland was in his brotht grocer, as salesi position of heatl and general jobb member of the C In politics he is Mr. Park works 13 E SOUVENIR NLMBKR. i«).^ L'HARI.I-S HOIX'KH \ SONS. 'Pile Brush Manulacturin^ firm ol C'iiaki.ks Bim;i km iV Sons, 8o ^'ork sIil-cI, is one well known and nuich respected in 'I'oronto. The business was established by Mr. Charles HoecUh, the head of the lirm, in iSjt) in a small way on Berkeley street. At first the manu- facuire oi brushes was all that was attempted, but other manufactures have been added until the business now assumes large propor- tions. The firm now has a large factory on Adelaide street west, where more than loo skilled workmen are employed, and also a large and commodious warehouse w\ ^'ork street. The trade done by the house in brushes, brooms and woodenware extends from one end oi the DomiTiion to the other, and as far east as Newfound- land. Brooms are also exported to ICngland, and the results of that branch oi the trade ha\e been gratifying. Mr. Charles August Hoeckh, was born at Strasbourg, iSi8, and acquired his education in the same city. He followed the same line oi business that he is now engaged in for a number of years in I'rance, and in 1850 emigrated to New ^'ork, where he rem.'ined for ten years, engaged in the brush manufacturing business. In iS^t) Mr. Hoeckh decided to leave New York and make Toronto his home. .Arriving in the city he esiablished the present business under the name and style of Charles Boeckh, under which it remained until 1S7S, wiien Mr. l-^mil C. Boeckh was admitted a partner, and the name of the firm was changed to Charles Boeckh \: Sons. Mr. Boeckh became a member of the Board of Trade in iiScS^. Mr. Kmil Charles Boeckh, eldest son of the senior partner, was born in New ^'ork, 1S55, and came to Toronto with his parents in i860. H*^ was educated at Upper Canada College, after which he entered his father's business as a junior, becoming a partner after six years. He became a member of the Board ot Trade in 1885. CiiAs. BoiuKii, Sk\. I'-.Mii. C. Bi>i:i Kii. WTLLIAM WALLACE PARK. Mk. Wii.i.iAM VVallack Park, sole proprietor ofthe Excelsior Steam Confectionery, ()8 to 102 Adelaide street east, Toronto, was born at Glasgow, Scotland, in 1845, his father, Ciavin Park, being a manufacturer in Glasgow and carrying on a large business. Mr. Park is the youngest of seventeen children. He was educated at the public schools in Glasgow and came to Canada about thirty-six years ago to assist his brother who was in the grocery business in Toronto. Mr. Park commenced his business life in the grocery busi- ness in Scotland when he was ten years old, and at the age of twelve came to Canada and was in his brother's employ for a year. He then entered the employ of Mr. Robert Reford, grocer, as salesman, and was in the establishment about eighteen years, rising to the position of head manager ofthe firm. He then started his present wholesale confectionery and general jobbing business at which he has been successful. In 1891 Mr. Park was a member ofthe City Council. He is a member of St. Andrew's Society and a Presbyterian. In politics he is a Reformer, but not an active one. He joined the Board of Trade in i88:^. Mr. Park works hard and is a shrewd Scotchman. T I i •94 BOARD OF TR. w JAMKS AI.BKRT VOUNG. The Toronto Rubber Shoe Miinufacturing' Co., No. 76 Bay street, is among' the lead indvistries of the City. The company are manufacturers of the highest gra ' ,'s and new styles of rubber boots and shoes. The factory of the firm is at i\irt Dalhousie, Ont. ^ Jamks Ai.hkkt ^'o^^■c■., selling agent for the company is a native Canadian and is the soi a clergyman of the Methodist ■' '- ^ ' ■•- City o'i Belleville, on Septcm- acquired his education at the Voung commenced his com- age of 15 years by entering Harrison, of Belleville, with ed for a period oi three that period he removed to some years was employed in ness in that city. In the city, when he entered the Rubber Co., and handloil from the L'nited States. into the wholesale rubber street west, and afterwards 7(1 Bay street, the business 'lubber Shoe Mf .ifacturing t church. He was born in ber igth in tiie year 1841, college in that city, mercial career at the ea the book store of Mr. Jan which gentleman he rema years. .At the expiralioi the City of Montreal and the shoe manufacturing hi year employ of the Lycomi their rubber goods impor Two years ago he entei shoe business, first on Ki at the present address, > being known as the Toroi _^ Co. An extensive busim is transacted and the firm has acquired a higii reputation. Mr. \'oung joined the Boa of Trade in the year iSSS and is a supporter of the Liberal Party. He is a member oft Masonic Order, and by his strict attenMon to iiis business has earned the esteem the mercantile communit\. ALBKRT KDVVARD KKMP. ill! The Kemp Manufacturing Co. is one of the best known rr.anufacturing concerns metals in the Dominion. The business was established in 1887 by Mr. Kemp, who su ceeded to the business of the Dominion Tin and Stamping Works, established in 1866. Tl manufactory of the firm is composed of several very extensive buildings, many storeys hig and covers a full block, bein^ Bell streets, -»nd the Don constantly employed manu- ferent articles in metals, of foreign manufactures, and Dominion, so rapidly has expended. Mr. Albert Kdward though born at Clarenceville, nth, 1858. His grandfather Yorkshire, England, and subsequently in Toronto, cholera epidemic. Mr. in Hull, Kng. After acquir- and Clarenceville academies, went to Montreal, and was well known linn <>i Prowse mained 'iWQ years. At the bounded by Gerard, Rive River. Over 300 hands a facturing more than 2000 d which have taken the pla they are shipped all o\er X. the business developed ai Kemp is of English descer Province of Quebec, Augu^ came to Canada from Hu settled, first in Montreal ai where he died during t Kemp's father was also bo ing his education at Laco the subject of this sket employed as cashier with t Brother.^, with whom he i expiration of that period started business for himself in the wholesale house furnishing line. As already stated moved to Toronto in 1885, and two years later established the present busines. Mr. Ken became a member of the Board of Trade in i8gi, and in politics is a strong supporter of t National Policy. BOB BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUMBER. THOMAS ROBERTSON. eet, is among the leading ighest gra ' >s and newest lit nalhousie, Ont. Mr. "anadian and is the son of rcii. He was born in the 19th in the year 1 84 1, and ege in that city. Mr. cial career at the early book store of Mr. James ch gentleman he remain- rs. At the expiration of City of Montreal and for shoe manufacturing busi- r iScS3 he came to this :)loy of the Lycoming ir rubber goods imported o years ago he entered e business, first on King the present address, Xo. ig known as the Toronto An extensive business Wnuig joined the Board He is a member of the is earned the esteem of OCllOUl Ul I lii\% veil, V. i-'uuty iv>.>.-vi'ui gii.Tii" ..) .^wv..^. ....»., _-,.. _, ...J, W....V'.. in after lifebv private study. .As a boy in the old country Mr. Robertson was employed in a Dry Cioods'establishment, but he did not like the business, and after giving it a two years trial '"-ave it up. He then went into the cabinet making business in the town of liawvcli, C IL llj.'. 11^ LIIV-II \>v-iil iiiiv/ iiiw v.»*L^...^w ..........J.., -. — - - *- --. ....,._,...., and remained in it for two years. He next went to the North of England to South Shields, and worked at the building'trade, and in 1856 came to Canada with his parents. For some time Mr. Robertson was in the United States, and worked at various employments, princi- pally in machine shops. He returned to Toronto in 1865, and with his two brothers started the present business, in connection with the grocery business, the latter branch of the con- cern being discontinued soon after. Mr. Robertson has invented and patented many machines for the making of confectionery, machines which are being extensively used in the L'nited States and (ireat Britain. The firm employ a great number o\ hands, all of whom have been trained to work by themselves. The confectionery turned out excels the famous Parisian confectionery, and is to be found in every village, town and city, from Halifax to \'ictoria. Mr. Robertson has received prizes, medals and diplomas innumerable for his goods. Mr. Robertson joined the Board of Trade in i88j, and in politics is Inde- pendent, taking no active part, but at on>i time was allied with the Reform party. He has been put forward several times for public ollice but has always refused. He is an active energetic gentleman and stands high in the estimation o'i the mercantile men of the city. anufacturing concerns in di er. by ?»lr. Kemp, who suc- estab'.ished in 18(36. The ngs, many storeys high, ded by Gerard, River, Over 300 hands are ring more than 2000 dif- h have taken the place are shipped all over the business developed and p is of English descent, ince of Quebec, August, to Canada from Hull, cd, first in Montreal and re he died during the np's father was also born lis education at Lacolle subject of this sketch loyed as cashier with the her=, with whom he re- ration of that period he As already stated he ent busines. Mr. Kemp a strong supporter of the n :i e. JOHN HUGH MiKINNON. The extensive concern of Messrs. Northrop & Lyman Co., manufacturers, general agents and dealers in all kinds of proprietary medicines. No. 21 Front street west, is well known throughout the Dominion of Canada. The business was originally founded at Newcastle in the year 1854, was removed to Toronto in the year 1874, and in the year 1883 the present company was organized with a large capital. Mr. H. S. Northrop was the President of it, Mr. John Lyman the Vice-President and Mr. John Hugh McKinnon the Secretary. We. is the eldest son of Mr. John McKinnon, v.ho came to this country in the year i8k), and who for many years carried on business in the Township of Carlwright. The subject o( this sketch was born in the town of Smith's Falls, Ont., in the year 1847. .After receiving his rudimentary education in the public schools of Durham County, Mr. .McKinnon, in the year i8()o, commenced his mercantile career in his father's store in a countrv village. Ho remained there for a period of about eleven years, and in the year 1871, entered the estab- lishment of Messrs. Northrop & Lyman as book-keeper. As already intimated ten years ago the business was formed into a Joint Stock Company, and Mr. .McKinnon was ap- pointed a director and the secretary of it, and since the death oi Mr. Northrop has become \'ice-President. He became a member of the Board of Trade in the year 1893, and in politics is a Liberal-Reformer. Mr. McKinnon is also a member of the Caledonian and St. Andrew's Societies. The company in which Mr. McKinnon holds so important a posi- tion does an immense business, extending throughout the entire Dominion, seven com- mercial travellers are employed, and the laboratary is one of the largest and bes equipped in Canada. Mr. McKinnon is a gentleman of great business experience and \^ell known in the city. To his courtesy and attention to the desires of the firm's customers is due in a great measure the success of the business in the city and province. His personal popul.irity with those who deal with the house is considerable, and among them he has many warm friends. BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NU. SAMUEL R. WICKKTT. Mkssrs. Hkkei.l .and VVicKETT, Taniiers, Leather and Hide Dealers, 55 Front street, east, are known as one of the most reliable firms in Toronto. The firm's tannery is situated at the corner of Front and Cypress streets, the buildino;-s covering- nearly a whole block, from Eastern avenue to Front street, and now being added to and remodelled. The vari- ous departments are fully equipped with modern appliances and machinery, fifty skilled workmen are employed, and the annual output of yoods is very large. Mr. Samuel Wickelt, on; of the members of the firm, was born in Devonshire, Eng-land, in 1844, and came to Canada with his father, Mr. William Wickett, in 1855. He was educated partly in England, and partly at Whitby, Ont. Mr. Wickett started life as an apprentice to the firm of J. & S. Cole, Tanners and Curriers, Brooklin, Ont., where he remained live years. He afterwards started business at Geneva, a small place seven miles north of Oshawa, where he remained two years, and was very successful. At the expiration of that period Mr. Wickett bought out the business of Messrs. Allan & Thomson, tanners and curriers, which he carried on until 1880, wlien he was burnt out. Coming to Toronto that year, Mr. Wickett formed a partnership with Mr. J. B. Bickell, who died in 1891, when his son Mr. W. G. Bickell was admitted as partner. He is Vice-President of the Barrie Tanning Co., of Bar"ie, and is on the Committe of the Manufacturers' Association. In 1889 he re- presented the old Ward of St. David, in the City Council. Mr. Wickett joined the Board of Trade in 1885, and in politics is a Conservative, taking a fairly active part in them. He is a member of the Sons of England Benevolent Society, and is a member and trustee of the Berkelev Street Methodist Church. Mk. Aniiki is emphatically dustry and pers land, Septembe Mr. Teller was prenticed for se his apprentices! firm o'i. Geo. Sn the firm of Artli steamship, the ' at Quebec, to f which position with Mr. Lair( to the execute European buye foreign buyer fc was next buyer Mr. Telfer beg;i and has pursue joined ihe Boar WILLIAM DIXOX. Mr. Wii.i.iAM Dixon, Carriage Manufacturer, Nos. 63 and 65 Adelaide street west, is of English parentage, his father having emigrated to the Cnited States from Lincolnshire in the vear 18^2, four vears later coming to Canada. The subject of this sketch was born in St. Lawrence County, State of Xew \'ork, November loth, in the year 1834, and was educated at the Toronto public schools. When fifteen years of age Mr. Dixon entered the employ <>'( Messrs. Holmes, Hewitt & W'illiams, Carriage Builders, Yonge street, witli whom he "remained three years. In the year 185 1 he went to the State of Connecticut, where he worked at carriage building for two yeyrs. He then returned to Toronto for a short time, but from the year 1858 to the year 1861 Mr. Dixon was in New York. In the vear 1861 he left the States altogether, and started business for himself in Toronto on King street west. In the year 1877, the business was removed to the present stand, Nos. 6^ and 6s .Adelaide street west. The number of carriages of all kinds built by the firm everv vear is very large. A large export trade is done to Australia and Europe, Canadian carriages being s'uperior to those made in those countries. From thirty-five to forty men are constantly'^ emploved in ihe factory. In the year 1879, Mr. Dixon represented St. Andrew's Ward in the City Council. He became a member of the Board of Trade in the vear 188:^, and in politics follows an independent course. Mr. Dixon is well known to the members of the mercantile community in Toronto as an upright, honorable gentleman. The subjec Row, Toronto, its President, .N business has \ concern of its 1- was moved froi been erected, structure 200 x hands are empl was born May by birth, and b cated at Trinit; Bank as a juni( after a time be^ for ten years, nected with th« he identified hi in 1886, and in «J* mtm DE SOUVENIR NUMBER. •95 ANDREW THLKKR. Mk. Andkkw Tklikr, head of llie Telfer Manufacturing^ Co., Johnson street, Toronto, is emphatically a self-made man, owing his success in life entirely to his own energ-y, in- dustry and perseverance. He was born in the \'ale of I.iddcllsdale, Roxboroughshire, Scot- land, September i ith, 1829, his father being a shepherd among the border hills of Scotland. Mr. Telfer was educated at Newcastletown, Roxboroughshire, and at the age of 14 was ap- prenticed for seven years to a dry goods firm in I.angham, Dumfriesshire. At the end of his apprenticeship he went to Glasgow, and obtained employment as a salesman with the firm oi Geo. Smith & Sons, with whom he remained two years. After that he was with the firm of Arthur & Fraser, (ilasgow, for a year. He came to Canada in 1854, in the first steamship, the "Cleopatra," of l>amont ^: McLarty, that sailed for this country, and landed at Quebec, to fill an engagement with the firm of William Laird & Co. as salesman, in which position he remained five years, being made a partner in 1S60. He remained with Mr. Laird until his death, and then Mr. Telfer sold his interest in the business to the executorF of the estate. While a partner with Mr. Laird he was traveller and European buyer for the firm. In 1870 Mr. Telfer came to Toronto, and was salesman and foreign buyer for Lockhart & Holdane, Dry Goods, with whom he remained two years. He was next buyer for Gordon, Mackay & v.'o., and afterwards for John Stalker & Co. In 1879 Mr. Telfer began the corset manufacturing, which he was the means of bringing to Toronto, and has pursued it ever since, together with other dry goods, waist steels, eic. Mr. Telfer joined the Hoard of Trade in 1883, and is a Liberal in politics. WALTER HAWKINS PERRAM. The subject of this sketch is the Manager of the Wilkinson Plough Co., No. i Bedford Row, Toronto. This extensive enterprise dates its inception to the energy and ability of its President, Mr. George Wilkinson, who began the manufacture of ploughs in 1868. The business has wonderfully increased, until now the Wilkinson Plough Co. is the largest concern of its kind in the Dominion. In seven years the business had so increased that it was moved from Aurora to Toronto, where a \-cV ^o. and splendidly equipped factory has been erected. It has a capacity of over 30,000 ploughs a year and is a three storey brick structure 200 x 175 feet, the premises in all co\ering tw^o acres. From sixty to seventv hands are employed in this industry. Mr. Walter H. Pkrraxi, Manager of the company, was born May 17th, 1853, in the County of Simcoe, Ont. His father was an luiglishman by birth, and an extensive farmer in the Township of Tecumseh. Mr. Perram was edu- cated at Trinity College, Toronto, and when twenty years of age he entered the Dominion Bank as a junior. After serving one year he entered the employ of the Federal Bank, and after a time became the Manager of the branch of the bank at Aurora, a position he held for ten years. During the latter years of his stay in Aurora, Mr. Perram became con- nected with the Wilkinson Plough Co., and on the closing of the Federal Bank in Aurora, he identified himself solely with it. Mr. Perram became a member of the Board of Trade in 1886, and in politics is a Conservative. For three years he served in the Q. O. R. ■ [I ! M 1 ^ m- : I 196 BOARD OF TR. THB WMOLESAL] TORONTO is no mushroom city, but one which attained its present proportions importance by years of steady growth - a growth which has been consonant with steady growth of the Province of which it is the capital. In 1793 — exactly a cent ago — Governor Simcoe decided that around old Fort Toronto he would build a ti which would be the seat of Government for Upper Canada. The name of the fort was t Fort Rouille, but he decided to call the new town Vork. In 1S34 York had only 9, inhabitants, but it became a city with its old Indian name restored — Toronto. The \ 1893 finds it with little less than 200,000 inhabitants. So with its industries and trades, their growth has been gradual. But for this \ reason they are possessed of great strength and resources. The foundations are s and of sufficient breadth, while the superstructures are consonant with the requirement trade. The wholesale trades generally were founded when those of Montreal had aire attained considerable growth. But although younger, they are equally strong, and ( mise in the near future to equal, and perhaps surpass, those of the older city. The wholesale dry goods trade of Toronto possesses these two characteristics — it attained its present strength and importance by a steady, continuous growth, and bids to become the strongest wholesale dry goods centre in Canada. The firms at pre^ engaged in this trade have large available assets, and are composed of enterprising me men who are quick to adopt modern methods of business and most energetic in the ext sion of their trade. The dry goods trade of Toronto has a great future before it, ani this trade are engaged the proper class of men to ensure that success. The latest Toro Directorv furnishes the following information : Wholesale dry goods 22 Retail dry goods 109 Retail men's furnishings 48 Retail ladies' furnishings 6 Merchant tailors 38 Wholesale fancy goods 19 Retail fancy goods 96 Wholesale furriers 5 Retail furriers 12 Wholesale hats, caps and furs 7 Retail hats, caps and furs 32 Wholesale millinery 7 Retail millinery 71 Suspender manufacturers 3 Strawgoods " 7 Hat block " i Hosiery " 10 Clothing " 10 ^pi'llli I BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUMBER. )LESALE DRY GOODS TRADE. its present proportions and as been consonant with the In 1793 — exactly a century to he would build a town e name of the fort was then n 1834 York had only 9,000 tored — Toronto. The vear ifradual. But for this very The foundations are solid nt with the requirements of ise of Montreal had already e equally strong, and pro- he older city. two characteristics — it has uous growth, and bids fair ada. The firms at present osed of enterprising men — lost energetic in the exten- ■eat future before it, and in ccess. The latest Toronto 22 109 48 6 38 19 96 5 1 2 7 3^ 7 7< 3 7 I 10 10 ",o I 2 2 1 10 I 2 3 2 2 4 r Clothing retailers Waterproof goods manufacturers Rubberine goods manufacturers i Umbrelhi manufacturers , Overalls " Cloak " P'ringe " Embroidery " Dress shield " Corset " Dress stay ' • Carpet felt " Bonnet shape " Underwear " Baby linen " Jute and cotton bag manufacturers Wholesale carpets and oil cloths Manufacturers of carpets Commission merchants Manufacturers' agents ^^l. In 1793, Toronto, or York, as Governor Simcoe decided to call it, possessed very little but a fort and a palisade. Almost the only commerce then done was with the trappers who presented themselves once or twice a year in order to exchange their furs for c^uns ammunition, clothing, tobacco and spirits. They also took a few vards of the bric^h; colored calicos which were so useful in trading with the Indians. 'l„ ,80^. the public market was laid out by Governor Hunter, and Toronto's commerce began to^^ro^^ fhe ur trade with the Indians and trappers grew, but not so fast as the more modern exchain-e of products ot the forest for manufactured goods. The surrounding countrv be-a.uo take on its present agricultural aspect, and produce was brought in abundantly ' "^ One ot the earliest traders who became well-known in Toronto was Peter McDou-ail a Lower-Canadianized Scotchman, and for the latter reason he was generally known a^ wholesale, retail, Pete McDoug." This man lived for a time at Niagara, but when ^•o^k increased in importance he moved thither, to have a greater chance to secure the enormous prohts which he had the reputation of securing. Many French nobles came into Canada, and received large grants of land, but son.e ot them found it exceedingly difficult to turn these speedily to account and consequently were \ BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NU. sively that he was in the habit i^{ hriiiiring extensive shipments each spring from New ^'ork. He seemed to be quite successful, as he doubtless had very little competition. In 1803 there were mills on the Don and the H umber, but the mail was still carried between New York and Montreal by a pedestrian postman. The age of the railroad and the telegraph had not yet arrived and the overland shared with the water route the traffic between \'ork and Montreal. In I Sob a Mr. Cawthra advertised dry goods in ^'ork. He was the founder ot a family which now counts its wealth in millions. Another of the early traders of \'ork was Joseph Rogers, who carried on a hat and fur business at the corner of King and Church streets. Tiie number was then 76 King street, the numbers running from the east of the town to the west, instead o^ nimibering from \'onge street east and west as they do now. His sign was an Indian trapper with his gun, and for many decades this stood elevated above his door, as the sign that he was ready to do business with trappers who wished to barter their stock of pelts. Other fur merchants of the town were Jared Stocking, John Hastodo and Robert Coleman. The names Rogers and Bastedo are still connected with the fur trade of Toron'o. But it was not until the decade between 1830 and 1840, that a wholesale dry goods trade was Hrmly established, and even then it was generally combined with a retail busi- ness, the latter being fully as important. But by 1830, Ontario was becoming pretty well settled, and that part of it west of York looked to that town for its supplies. Thus there was reason and necessity for the establishment of wholesale houses of various kinds. The trading posts of Western Ontario or I'pper Canada were becoming general stores, grow- ing into such to meet the requirements of the agricultural settlements growing up around ;'iem. These general stores were the nuclei of the numerous villages, towns and cities of Western I'pper Canada. The general store still exists, but only in the smaller places. In the larger villages, the towns and the cities, a differentiation has taken place, and the shoe dealer, the dry goods dealer, the grocer, the jeweller and the hardware merchant became specialists. W. Guild Jr. t\: Co., afterwards Isaac Buchanan, did a large business in this decade at the gore of Front and Wellington streets. The number was then 28 Front street, this street numbering from the market westward to the Garrison. Bryce, Buchanan & Co. did a similar wholesale dry goods business at 58 King street, which was then at the north-west corner of King and George streets. This firm did a stable and growing business, and in the next decade was one of the leading wholesale dry goods firms of the city, under the name of Bryce, McMurrich & Co. Another important name in the dry goods trade o'i this period was (ieorge Munro, who had a store at the south-east corner of King and George streets. This man played the part in Toronto between 1830 and 1850 that A. 1'. Stewart played in a later period in New ^'ork. He styled himself an importer of British and India goods, and did a very extensive business. Another important firm is Archibald Laurie iV Co., wholesale and retail dry goods, who did business at 157 King street, or the south- west corner of Yonge and King streets. Gamble iV Birchall did an importing business o\\ the corner of George and King streets. Ciillespie, Jamieson & Co. had a general wholesale establishment at the corner oi Market square and King street. J. R. Arm- strong did a wholesale and retail dry goods business at 157 King street, and William Cormack c^' Co. at 199 King street. At 80 and 82 King street were Murray, Newbigging cS: Co., wholesale and retail grocers, wine merchants and dry goods dealers. Edward McEIderry had two stores on King street in 1837, doing a wholesale and retail dry goods trade ; while > bonnet wareho wholesale dry i In passing the dry goods manufacture. In 1834, Y changed to T( there was a Bo J. W. Brent, S In 1837, t There was twei manufactures, collected parti; for British goo When the Toronto are t George Monro McMurrich i^' ( corner of Chun iV Co., wholesf street ; Willian which was afte styled McMast ICwart and 11; ^'onge street ; Mofi'at, Murrav east ; R. H. I dry goods me chants, at the > trade wms hein were spr'nginj^ wholesale hou- telegraph with The city had 1 1 trade on the began to seiu unnecessary in who were in enlarging. Nothing s favorable light of the Board Rigney i*v: Co .Arbitration wi seems to have of large public DE SOUVENIR NUMBER •97 trade ; while VVif»'htman & Co. had a wholesale dry goods establishment and a straw bonnet warehouse at 153 Kinjj street. 0\\ N'onjje street, Saxon and McKnight had a wholesale dry goods establishment. In passing, it may be mentioned that the straw bonnet played a very important part in the dry goods trade of the period. No doubt, a large part of" these goods were of domestic manufacture. In if<34, York became a city with an estimated population of 9,000. Its name was changed to Toronto, thus reviving the Indian name of the old fort before 1750. In 1837, there was a Board of Trade in existence of which the Hon. VV. Allan was President, and J. W. Brent, Secretary. In 1H37, the duty on dry goods imported from the L'nited States was quite heavy. There was twenty per cent, on cotton manufactures, and thirty per cent, on linen and silk manufactures. 0\\ other goods, the rate of duty was fifteen per cent. These duties were collected partly on account of the need of revenue and partly on account of the preference for British goods. When the decade 1840 to 1850 is considered, the wholesale dry goods houses in Toronto are noticeably more numerous and possess a trade of greater importance. George Monro was still doing a large business on King street, as was the firm of Bryce, McMurrich i^' Co. Besides these were Shaw, Turnbull & Co., with a retail store at the corner of Church and King streets, and a wholesale house o\\ ^'onge street ; Joiin Crossby & Co., wholesale dry goods, 46 Vonge street ; Gilmor and Coulson, 16 and 18 Yonge street; William McMaster, who founded a wholesale, business at 43 Yonge street, in 1844, which was afterwards, and is still, carried on by his descendants, the present firm being styled iMcMaster iS: Co., in their handsome establishment on Front stteet west ; Bowes, Ewart and Hall, who did a splendid trade at 23 Front street ; W. L. Perrin li' Co., 31 Yonge street ; John Robertson, 39 Yonge street ; Ross, Mitchell tV Co., 33 ^'onge street ; Moffat, Murray it Co., Importers, Yonge street ; Robert Wightman 'i King and Toronto streets. This list of houses shows that a good trade was being done, the Province of Upper Canada having been rapidly settled. Towns were springing up everywhere, and from that part of the Province west of Toronto, the whi>lesale houses oi this city drew many customers. In 1847 Toronto was connected by telegraph with Queboj and Buffalo, the latter city having an important trade with Toronto. The city liad then seven or eight steamers of from 50 to 100 horse power, and the carrying trade on the lake was a very profitable one. During this decade the wholesale houses began to send out travellers to the outlaying towns, and western dealers found it unnecessary to make their annual or semi-annual trip to Montreal. The number of buyers who were in the habit of coming to Toronto twice a year to buy stock was rapidly enlarging. Nothing shows the character of the wholesale dry goods men of the period in a more favorable light than the strong interest they took in the Board of Trade. On the Council of the Board for 1846 were W. L. Perrin, Peter Paterson, E. F. Whittemore, of Thos. Rigney iS: Co., William McMaster, J. McMurrich and R. H. Brett. On the Board of Arbitration were J. Shaw, J. Mitchell and J. Gilmor. The wholesale dry goods trade seems to have possessed the leading men of the business portion of the city — men possessed of large public spirit and abundant business enterprise. They had need to be enterprising. li^r [i l()S HOARD OF TR. Hi ill 1, I 1 » owiiii;' to tlij "^Iroiijj competition from the re|iroseiit;iti\os \^'i Cilasj^ow aiul I.oiulon lioi who were sockini;' for business throuj,''lioul tlie country, and also from tlie older and lai importiMj;- houses in Montreal. During this and the next decade, Hamilton dry go houses were an important factor that city being a more important distributing cei between iS^oand iSbo than it is to-day. In 1849 detailers of importance continuet visit Montreal once or twice a year, generally in the spring and fall, in that year leading retailers were Hetley \: Kay, Scott «\; Laidlaw, and Walker i\: Hutchinson. In the decade from i.S^o to i>t, !'. J. O'Neill, 29 Yonge street, i'aylor & Stevenson, Wellington street, Topp Brown & Co., 9 Wellington street west, and Thomas Hutchinson, 7 and (> Welling street east. Perhaps the most remarkable growth was noticeable in the business of Ji Macdonald X: Co. h'ounding a retail business in 1841) at 103 \\vgo street, he in thrct. four years drifted into a wholesale business, moved to Wellington street, and by the k of the decade had built up the leading wholesale trade in the city. Since that lime, house of John Macdonald X: Co. has remained the greatest sorting house in Toronto. iiS5.), 'riiomas Lailey founded the cKithing business now carried ow by Lailey, Watsoi Co., doing at Hrst only a retail trade. In the same year was founded the retail busin now carried on by W. A. .Murray iV Cox. In 18311 Cordon X: Mackay moved their ( goods business from Hamilton to Toronto, because the latter city offered greater opp tunities to a wholesale firm. They settled at N'ork street, and in 1871 moved to tn present position on the corner of l-Vont and Hay streets. In i8()i. Mr. Mackay built 1 Lybsler Cotton Mill at Merriton, Ont., probably in opposition to the growing cotton m nearer Montreal. There is nothing \ety remarkable about this decade, except the sten growth of the city, and the increasing importance o'i it as a distributing centre. The yi 1857 was a very trying one in business circles, and many houses were seriously endanger several being obligeil to bend before the severe blast of financial reverses. The railn was beginning to be a power in the land, and the means of communication were bei rapidly improved. Between 18(10 and 1870, there is little to note. The same houses continued to d good trade, although many of them were swept away in the trying times o( 1869. In i! William McMaster, whose name was so well known in the dry goods trade, retired Ir the firm, leaving the business to his two nephews, J. Short McMaster and .Arthur McMaster, the latter of whom died in 1881. In i86(). three gentlemen who had been in service of John Macdonald i\; Co., founded a wholesale dry goods business, which h exists, although only one survives. These three men were : Warring Kennedy, A. Samson and Alexander Cemmell. The former now controls the business entirely. In i) was built a woolen mill, which is still run to-day, with a good reputation. This was woolen mill which bears the name of Joseph Simpson. Manufacturing by means of ste driven machines was still in its infancy, and the machines in use in Canada were crude t the output inferior, but rapid progress has been made since that period. The old spinni wheel and domestic loom were then quite common and in constant use among the ru population. Nevertheless woolen mills were springing up all over the country, and w gradually displacing the hand labor of the industrious wives and daughters of the stui farmers of Ontario. To-day, the tweeds, flannels, knit underwear and hosiery of domes fli BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUMlihR, lasjfow and London houses i> IVoni the older and larger ado, Haniillon dry j;-oods )ortant distributing centre \ importance continued to and fall. in that year the 'i the Ontario homes. Similarly, the products of Canadian cotton-mills have attained a high degree of excellence and are able to displace the cottons of foreign production in all the lower grades. When the Dundas Mill was started in 1850, people did not expect that cotton inanu- tacturing would ever attain great proportions in Canada, on account of the great compe- tition from other older countries, but there are now in the Dominion twenty-one mills, employing 8,700 hands, and having an aggregate capital of 813,700,000. The mills pay annual wages to the value of $2,380,000. Besides this great amount, they speml lars;e sums for Canadian products and labor in other ways, so that they are a most valuable component of Canada's greatness. The wool mills are 843 in number, occup3ing 8,415 hands. Other similar Canadian industries are : manufacturers of clothing, 3,()()j in luini- ber, employing 23,421 hands; 156 shirt manufacturers, employing 3.057 hands ; and 55 hosiery mills with 6/2 hands. These figures show that Canada is not behind in propaga- ting textile industries of various kinds, and has avoided making her national life one-sided and monotonous, as it would have been had the country confined itself to agriculture. Manufacturing o{ all kinds has been given moderate tariff encouragement, and the whole- sale dry goods trade to-day is following this up by giving full attention to all donieslic textiles, and aiding their sale by all the legitimate Pieans in their power. They are anxious to see Canadian manufacturing prosperous in order that the country may be more indepen- dent, self-reliant and prosperous. The importance of the dry goods trade of Toronto at present, and the volume of busi- ness done can be gathered from a glance at the quantities of the various classes o{ ^goo<\^ imported. The following figures show the value of the goods imported between lune :;oth, I Sg I, and June 30th, 1 8{ 12 : DiriAiii.K Imi'okts : Braces and suspenders c >-' - . Buttons (^ ... 'j>.")'/o- Locoa matting =^ • • • 215 Collars and cuffs . ' "'.5S 1 Corset clasiis " ' ' ' • • • '-74- Cotton manutactures ., ,, ^ l,2lS,020 Cuffs ., 2,785 Crape Curtains ,,,.,. •••........... 110,300 hmbroideries „ " ,, , • o ■1,07 7 I'ancv goods o- // Felt. ^'-^°' Max — manutactures... „ c- ,< 484, ■?i4 Furs " ^ ^ ' ^ Gloves and mitts. . . ^'''' Hats, caps, etc « Mats and Rugs. . . 394'5«5 "^ 28,201 BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUML Silk iiianut'actures 8()(),^jo Umbrellas 7q,47« Woolen }j:oods 3,076,72 1 Total $7, 497, 947 Frkk Imi'okts : Furs and fur skins 1 14, 72*) Hatters' furs 7>33^ Hoitinfjf cloth 6, 50^^ Huckram 074 Halters' bindings and plushes 9.709 Jute cloth 39. '7*3 Total $178,346 To this must be added the lar^e quantity oi domestic cottons and woolens which come from the Canadian mills to the wholesale houses for distribution. The value ol these must run awav up into the millions. With such a volume of goods to distribute, the importance of the wholesale dry goods trade to the city and to the general carriers can be easily estimated. At present the wholesale houses of Toronto send their travellers and their goods into every part of the Dominion. Their drummers penetrate into every city, town and hamlet in liie Provinces down by the sea. Cioods are brought from Cireat Britain and the conti- nent, across the ocean to New York or Montreal, and then by rail to Toronto, only to be sent back bv an all rail route to the retailers of New Brunswick, Nova Scotia and Prince I'klward Islands. When this crossing and recrossing of the country is considered, it seems ludicrous, and one wonders why an importer in these Provinces is not able to capture the entire trade by means <^i the saving in freights. The secret lies in the fact that the whole- salers of Toronto have the money, the experience and the volume of trade. Their travellers wander out through the great North West, as far as the Pacific coast. The quantity of goods handled enables them to overcome the disadvantage of double freights by savings in other directions. The growing importance of the Canadian wholesale dry goods trade is shown also in the fact thai it is represented by a trade journal published in this city. The Cauaiiian Dfy Goods Rcvie-iv made its first appearance in January iS9i,and is a credit to the trade of which it is the organ. The main volume of the wholesale dry goods trade in its narrowest sense is done in Toronto to-day by eight wholesale houses. No matter how much the volume of this bu Al- ness increases, this number will not be likely to increase, for the simple reason that the tendency of the period is concentration and centralization. An example of this is seen in Chicago, where the immense wholesale dry ^oixXs business is concentrated in about five large buildings. This centralization is seen in all the distributing centres of the United States, the large was illustrated a Pawson's and !,< United Slates am dreds o{ smaller r Simpson's, Walk with their extensi doing a paying rt concentration anc trade of Toronto ticular line than probably come wl houses this nuir ing out the la^ge age will not pern" circumstances to way disastrous C( lessened. The wholes; branch of busine; tion with it are tl are others in Tor name of McColl younger firm nan bined houses is s enough to afford Some of these \\t A branch which wholesaling oi re portions in the n similar to the bei the fact that eve numbers of buye l<"rom the hi: presented here, i establishments ii Macdonald's, Mi Spence's, and G( striking and eacl volume of good ricrs, etc., is not to its present p future. 'i SOUVENIR NUMBER, KKJ States, the larj^e businesses f^^rowinjf larger, aiul the smaller businesses disappearinj,'. It was illustrated a lew months a^jfo, when two ^.^i Kn^^lanci's lar(,'est dry floods jobbers--- I'awson's and Leafs combined their forces. It is seen to-day in the larj^er cities of the I'nited States and Canada in the jjrowth of the iarpc retail stores which crush out hun- dreds of smaller rivals. It is seen in Montreal and Toronto to-day. In ioronto, i-iaton's, Simpson's, Walker's and Murray's do nearly the whole \.'^i tiie retail dry j^nods business, with their extensive establishments. There are perhaps five more of a smaller size that are doin}^ a payini,'' retail business. .Ml others are dwindling;' or becoming specialists. This concentration and centralization is illustrated by the history ^^'i the wholesale dry goods trade of Toronto itself. At one time there were more wholesale establishments in this par- ticular line than there are at present. The number is gradually lessening. The day will probably come when all the drv goods business y.^'i Toronto will be in the hands of five houses this number will be sullicient. .At present there is a huge economic waste in send- ing out the la''ge number of travellers that are sent out from 'Ioronto. This enlightened age will iu>t permit it very long. The wholesale houses will be forced by sentiment and circumstances to combine, much as the cotton companies were forced to combine. In this way disastrous competition would be avoided, and administrative expenditure considerably lessened. The wholesale millinery trade i^i Toronto deserves special mention. .\s a special branch of business, it has made its growth since 1805. The two oldest names in connec- tion with it are those of McKinnon find Gouldint;'. But besides these two old firms, there are others in Toronto who are known throughout the length and breadth of (Canada. The name of McColl is well-known, while Keid, Taylor iV Hayne, and J. 1). Ivy \ Co., are younger firm names. Hut the quantity oi millinery turned over each season by these com- bined houses is something enormous, showing that the people of Canada are prosperous enough to atl'ord frequent clianges in that u hich is indeed a luxury more than a necessil\. Some of these houses do sutficient business to maintain ten to fifteen travellers o\\ the road. A branch which the millinery trade are finding useful and profitable at present, is the wholesaling ^^i ready-made cloaks and mantles. This trade promises to attain great pro- portions in the near future. The millinery trade is a great benefit to Toronto in a manner similar to llie benefit derived from the 'Toronto Exhibition. 'This benefit is derived from the fact that every spring and fall special days are set for millinery openings, and large numbers of buyers are attracted to the city. l-'rom the history and present situation o{ the general wholesale dry goods trade as presented here, it can be safely said that this is Toronto's most important trade. 'The establishments in which the business is carried on are a credit and ornaments to the city. Macdonald's, .Mc.Master's, Wyld, Grasetl iV Darling's, Brock's, Caldecott, l^urton \: Spence's, and Gordon, Mackay & Co. 's, being especially magnificent. The architecture is striking and each structure contains from 40,000 to 75,000 square feet of floor space. 'The volume <>\ ^K^\.-\C^s handled, the employment given, and the total money distributed to car- riers, etc., is not surpassed by any other trade. It has grown from a small beginning to its present pniportions, and bids fair to attain a much greater volume in the near future. t JUU HOARD OF TRADE .s Sr.\i'i.i:iiiN f.\i.i)ia:i)iT. tAi.Diaori", lu K I'. II. One of tiio ieailin),', liir^^cst .uui most liborally coiuiuctcil houses in Toioiilo is llial ol Mosses. C'aitk'i'olt, Million \: Spciuc, W'iiolL'saic Dry lii>oils Impiirlcrs aiul MamitiK'liircrs' Selling .\j4fnls, May street. i'liis firm enjoys an cm iablc reputation as importers, etc., aiul arc, wiiiioiil adoiiitt, tlie lar^'est jobhers of liosiery and ^flovcs in tlie Dominion ot Canada. Tile business was establisiied in 1S7K, the present partners beinj.^ Mr. Slapieton C'aKleeotl, Mi.l'liineas llopiuii lUnlon .md .Mr, Robert W ilUie .Spence, each ami every- one ol them prominent members ot the Ikvird ot Trade and .siicccs.stui busi- ness men. 'riie premises oci-upied by the firm comprise a series of spacious and comnunlious ilouble salesrooms, having' a Ironla^e ;uul depth oi\',3 \ 1J3 feet, located in the handsome live-slory brick buildinj.j on May street, and which are equipped with two elevators driven by water power, and thorouL;hly provided with .all accessories as tend to the successful prosecu- tion ot the business. .\ splendid displ.iy in fancy and staple lines is made, including;' u hat may be termed imported and domestic dress fabrics, hosiery, jfloves, linens, silks, woollens, embroideries, etc. .\nionj; the specialties handled, and for the sale o'i which the firm .act as manufacturers' ai^enis, ma\ be mentioned the Lee Spinninj.^ Co. 's muslins, cottons and meiulinj^s, iielfast linens, John Harper i\; Co.'s needles, a prominent feature beini,' made 'O^ Malbri^^'j^an hosiery and j^loves from the leadini^ manufactories oS. the 0\i\ World. .\ force o^ from 30 to ()0 experienced clerks and salesmen are retpiired for the exij^-encies of the tr.ade which co\ers the entire Domin- ion, necessitalini^ the employment of se\eral tra\ellers. Two of the part- ners, Mr. L'aldecott and Mr. R. \V. Spence are both well known old com- mercial traxellers, and iheir laces have been very familiar ^"^ on the road" for a number y^i years. Mr. Murton is an okl buyer oi some thirty \ears ex- perience, and well known in the luiropean markets, so that on the whole they form a strong team o\ workers. .Mi^ S I .\i'i,i;ro\ (. Ai.oix 01 r, the head o'\ the lirm. is an iCn^lishman bv birth and w.as L StAIM.I'TON born in Chester, Sept. his education at the Hij^h M.inchester, he served an i^oods lirm in Manchester ciuently renio\ iiij;' to lllas- of which cities he was en- business. In 1S3S Mr. settling'- first at Montreal, ment with a dr_\ s^'oods with the firm of Messrs. .\. ler and buyer. Leavins;- for many years connected treal lirm of Messrs. james with them until 1878 when the present hi>use on Mav became a member of the has always been one of its chairman of the Wholesale Board, and a member of its the work of the Youny P. H. Ml irroN. 15111, iS^). . After acquirini^- School, at Chorlton, near iipprenliceship to a dry for ;i term i the Kxecutive Committee. In Men's Christian .Association Mr. Caldecott takes a very deep interest. For several vcars he was \'ice President of the Toronto .Association, and when in Montreal was \'ice President of the Association in that city. At present he is a Director of the Toronto branch. In politics Mr. Caldecott is a Liberal. Mu. PiiiNKAs HoPHNi BfRTON is also an b^nglishman by birth, having been born in London in i8,^c). He was educated in that city, and after his arrivid in Canada, attended ; ARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUMliER. fALDiaOTT. lU'RTON it Sl'KXCK I'. II. IUkton. R. W. Si'ENCK. I 'roruMto is tli.it ol' iikI Maiuitacliircrs' Miportcrs, etc., aiul iminion ol CaiiaJa. tapii.'li)ii I'aliloi-iitl, orv- IISI- lUlS fCl, _^^^ anil E^'^^^tki' -CU- ul*.', ery, ^V. . k tics ^C^ ■., US, ^nl « ^ Ik''^. ^^^^..JlM^^ "IR i il ^^^H^^^^^ ot ) ^ w^^^^K^K^^^!^ ncii ^^fUffUKV^/ im- I ait- 1111- id" Si M' I.IIHN- fAI.DIXlll 1. ox- tllL'V foi -111 a St ••CI1J4- Port Cilasi^i hy birth and was . . After aciiniriiii^- It Chorltoii, near ship to a dry o'i years, siibse- o I.ondon, in both the same line of came to Canada, obtained employ- bsequcntly he was iS: Co., as travel- Mr. (."aldecott was veil known Mon- ^ Co., remaining- il tii Toronto and established. He rade in 1S7C) and e workers, beintj s Section oi the Committee. In istian .Association President of the ssociation in that Ir. Caldecott is a ng been born in /anada, attended cveninijf classes in the Mech.inics Institute in Montreal. When he was sixteet^ years of aj^c Mr. Hurloii came to this coimiry as an emij^r.mt, and for seven years was it clerk in a jjeneral store at Hrockville. in iH^c) he went to Montreal where he spent four years in the retail stores of Messrs Henry \Iorf,'an \: {^\t., and Messrs. Mi>rrisoii \- Co. Mr. Murton's lirsl experience in the wholesale business w.is with Messrs. James |olmsti>n iV Co. of Montreal, but after a few months there he accepted the position o^ buyer for the lirm oi Messrs. W. |. McMasli-r & L'o., which had then jusl slarteil business in .Mi>ntreal. l-rom ie, sound and 5,''ai;ed in it, firms well known over the leni,^th and breadth o^ Canada. That the firm of Messrs. Caldecott. iiurton iV Spence takes a leadini;- position in the Toronto dry "coods lirm in competition with others is a fact creditable to the three i,'entlemen in que'stion. Thev are all men of active temperament, stronj^Iy Canadian in .sentiment and men who ' could not be disheartened by failure. iVominent ;is citizens they are at all times interested in the profjress and welfare oi the City of Toronto. « BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUA Fkkdkkick VV'vld. in 1853. After liis commercial Co.. remaiiiiiii^ Maiuii^cr and W'vlcli (Iraselt VVVLI), CJRASKTT \ DARLINC;. AiMni K W. Gr.asktt. .\ fen- years aj^o there stood at the corner of Hay and Welhnyton streets a.i old dihipidated lookinj^- wooden buiidini;-, known as the Mercer Cottat,'e. The "then and now" of Toronto present many curious contrasts, and owo. of the most strikini^- of tliem is tiiat wliich may be drawn between tlie old wooden cottas^v, and the imposinj; wareiuuise K^i Messrs. \V>ld, Clrasett i\; Dariiiiij, erected on the same site. Among- tlie houses of eminence in the dry jjoods business in Canada, tliis firm takes first rank. It has command of lart.je capital and every member oi the firm is a man oi high character, and oi proven experience and ability in some principal branch of the business. The firm is composed of Mr. Frederick VVvkl, Mr. Artliur \V. Cirasett and Mr. Andrew l)arlini:;-. Previous to entering into partnership, tliese gentlemen were connected with other leading firiTis oi the city, and the success they have met with, and their high standing in commercial circles in Toronto, manifest the favor with which the firm is regarded in all parts of the Dominion. The mag-nificent building at the corner of Bay and Wellingam streets was erected by Mr. W'yid, and has the advantage oi being a modern ''uiilding adapted to modern methods of conductingf trade. It contains '(\\\:i fiats including- the basement, and covers an area of Tio x 120, or a fioor space oi 3(1,000 square feet. i'assenger and freigiil elevators are provided where they are mcst needed; the facilities for receiving and shipping g-ootls are perfect. The heating- of the building is carried on by the most modern and efi'ective process, and there are parcel elevators and speaking- tubes cornmanicating with every fiat. Mu. Fki;i>i-:ukk Wvi.r), the head oS. the fn-m, comes of good com- iTiercial stock, and is the son o'i the late Mr. Williain Wyld, who was a partner with his brother, under the name ^^i jamjs Wyld i.V Co., the well known wine merchants oi Leith. .Mr. James Wyld, the head c^i that firm and uncle oi the s-.ibject of this sketch, was one o'i the pro noiers and originil directors of the famous Commercial Hank i.^'i Scotland. Mr. h^ederick Wyld's father in his \ounger da\s was sariat Department ^^i the during the Peninsula Cani- at Scolston Park, Queens- 24th, 1832, and was edu- .\yrshire, Scotland. Before thorough business training Bros., I-Alinburgh, Woollen existence and i^\\ds oi comprised in as well as hosiery, glov some of the the stock bell goods, and in Datiing- are lar Continent oi idea of the inin be formed tants in their travellers cons breadth of Ca of the concern ments. Not o political warfa and her comn in the position Wyld, Cirasett •A SOUVENIR NUMBER. 20 1 SI:TT \ DARI.INHi. K \V. CIkasktt. A\nRi:\> Daklixc. Id ul is sc in KS53. At'lcr acquiring- Ills cducalioii at Hellmuth College, London, Ont., he commenced his commercial career as a clerk in the wholesale dry j^'oods house o'i John Macdonald & Co.. remainint^ with the (irm sixteen }ears, and occiip\ inij;' the position when he left of Maiuii^er and luiropean buyer o'i the staple department. In 1887 he joined the firm of W'yid, (Jraselt & Darlinj,-- o\\ its establishment. Mr. Grasett has had a particularly successful career, due to his own merits and devotion to business. He bei^an at the bottom of the ladder, and is now on what may be called the lop so far as practicable. He visits I'^rii^Iand and luirope twice a year as Iniyer for the firm and has travelled extensively. Mr. Grasett is a member of the R. C. \' . C, and has been a member of the Toronto Club for the last twenty years. He became a inember of the Board of Trade in i8go, and in politics is a Conservative. Mu. Axnuiiw Darmm;, the third paitner in the firm, has charge of the linances and ollice work, and brings to bear upon this branch the ability of the experienced businessman. He is of Scotch parentage, his parents foming trom lulinburgh to Montreal in 1838, in which city he was born> March J4th, 1851. Mr. Darling received his primary education at the r Montreal High School, and subsequently spent several years at private schools in Geneva, Paris and in Italy. After travelling through the chief countries o'i luu-ope. Palestine and Turkey, he returned to Canada and associated himself with his father in the wholesale business at Montreal, remaining in that city until 1878. That )ear he came to Toronto and with 'lis brother established tlie u holesale business o'i \. ^ T. J. Darling & Co. ;i;ni;Ku K \\'^ i.n. ine oi :ial in lis- ain irn iier TV, .I'a in in me .nd me ile- tlv the the fo- ihe iv's of he ise ith ity in January 1887, he joined tiie firm of Wyld, Grasett & Darling. Mr. Darling joined the Hoard of Trade in 1879, and is a member of the Executive Committee of the Dry Goods Section oi the Hoard. In politics he is a staunch Reformer. In all nourishing and progressive centres oi commercial activity like Toronto whole- sale dry goods houses are found in active and successful operation. In our review of the who are connected with the ceptionally gratifying to of Messrs. Wyld, (irasett the firm from the very start condition, a proof of the the business is managed. oi every description are stock, which is very large complete. Dress goods, mantles, silks, etc., are in which they deal, much of oi foreign manufactured Messrs. Wjld, Grasett & trom Great Britain, the the United States. Some of business transacted may army oi clerks and assis- gether with the number of road. The length and eluded in the business area of the concern which, as each year passes by, shows an increase in its importations and ship- ments. Not one of the three members of the firm takes a conspicuously active part in the political warfare of the day. and their voices are only heard when the interests of Toronto and her commercial welfare are attacked. It is men like these who have placed Toronto in the position of being one of the leading cities on the continent. The house of Messrs. Wyld, Grasett ^: Darling stands to-day one of the pillars of Toronto's commercial prosperity. commercial men of the city Board oi Trade, it is ex- make mention oi the firm & Darling. The affairs of have been in a satisfactory excellent manner in whicli Dry goods oi all kinds and comprised in the iirm's as well as being very hosiery, gloves, satins, some of the principal lines • he stock being composed goods, and in consequence Dai ling arc large importers Continent oi luirope and idea of the immense volume be formed by the larg'e tants in their employ, to- travellers constantly on the breadth of Canada are in- Anoukw Daui.i\(. Ll II . i! ' [ ■ !" I- r ■ ■ 1 11 h 'J) < X '/) z o h o z J o o Q < Z o D O < z BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR lYL John Kioston Maci)i>\ai.i). Pail The wholesale dry jjoods business of jolin Macdoiiakl i\: t\>., VVelliiifjloii and iMont streets oast, is one of the lari^est, if not the iari^est of its kind, in the Dominion of Canada. In iiin KinsrtiN M \c- ofjohn Macdonaid & Co., streets east, Toronto, and Senator John Macdonaid, ronto, November 4th, 1863, lOHN MACDONAIJ) & CO, Cami'hei.i.. and published by William interesting work and espe- starling out in life. Two Macdonald's death he ad- firm, his eldest son Mr. now head of the firm, and his death his second son nald was admitted a part- expressed a desire that he the firm. The continued ready assured by its having Kidston Macdonaid, Paul Macdonaid and contro learning. OONAI.I), head of the firm Wellington and l'"roiit eldest son of the late Hon. was born at Oaklands, To- men thorough- its operations |oiiN KiDsroN Macdonai.I). and was educated at Upper Canada College, that famous school where so many of the leading commercial men of Toronto and the Province oi Ontario have been educated. He left the Colleg'e in 1S79, and at once went into his father's business, occupying a junior position. Being a born merchant, and having fully decided to enter into com- mercial life, on the evening of the day he left College he announced to his father his desire to enter as an employee in his father's dry goods bLisiness. His father said to him if you are so determined \ou can commence work to-morrow morning. This he did and he still remembers the fact that that year he had no summer holidays. .After serving faithfully for eight years he was admitted a partner in the business in 1HS7, at his father's death becoming head oi the firm. Though only a young man Mr. Macdonaid is in the front rank of Canadian commercial men, his integrity, diligence and careful attention to duty having obtained for him a reputation for trustworthiness which is so essential for business success. Notwithstanding the multiplicity of his business duties, he devotes a portion of his time to the social and religious welfare of mankind. He takes great interest in Church work, is an active member of the Vonge street Methodist Church, being chairman of its finance committee, trustee and member of its ofVicial board. He is President of the North Toronto Branch of the Upper Canada Bible Society, and was one of the organizers oi the Toronto Humane Society. He is also a strong temperance man, and is a member of the Young Men's Prohibition Club, and^'oung Men's Christian Association. In politics Mr. Macdonaid is a Reformer. He is a member of the National Club, and became a member of the Board of Trade in 1H87, belonging to I times, and ha: life is full of a oflice or walk! sight o'i all bu Mr. Pai- Toronto, of Si College. Wh as opportunil\ gives close att matters. He and a Libera politics by la model in gove Mk. J a: the late Hon. Oaklands, 'l\ educated at L high honors last year capt sics. This ( in mastering t is wow engag( to study duii passing the I'niversity, ht to graduate but feeling tli him in the bii began as tober, 1883. teiilive menu] character, so| qualified him and l"'ront strl It is mei| Fraser Macdii among the laj acti\e part inl of the count r; struggling ail build monumi o'i the progr^i her trade aiu branches of I house as tha| special featur, and fall opeij mated at sel strange facel To handle til & Co.'s W[ traveller, vvl circulate mol ^E SOUVENIR NUMBER. 203 ACDONAI.I) cV CO. \V\. CAMlMiEI.I,. JaMICS I-'kASICK M ACIIONAI.D. boloiif^iiig to the Dry (ioods Section. Mr. Macdoiiald lias crossed the Atlantic several times, and has travelled through Great Britain and part of the luiropean Continent. His life is full of activity; durin^^ business hours he is ever to be found either in his own private oHice or walkini;- throu^ii the warehouse, talkinj^ to customers ami havinj^ a {general over- sii^ht of all business transactions. Mr. 1'aii. Cami'HIM.i. a member o'i the firm of John Macdonald (.V Co., was born in Toronto, of Scotch parentai.;e, and was educated at the Model School and Upper Canada C'ollejj^'e. Wiien a boy iv entered the firm of which he is now a member, j^radually risinjf as opportunity presented itself when in 1887 he was admitted as a partner. Mr. Campbell gives close attention to business, and does not interest himself much In politics or other matters. He is a Presbyterian in religion, a trustee and treasurer of Knox Church, and a Liberal in politics. He considers that t!ie country is too much dominated in politics by lawyers, who both at Ottawa and Toronto, take their inspiration and model in governing the country from the I'nited States of America instead of (Ireat Britain. Mk. Jamics Fuaskk the late \\o\^. Senator John Oaklands, Tt^ronto, \ov- educated at L'pper Canada high honors in a number last year captured the first sics. This education he in mastering the details of is now engaged, and ne\er to study dining- his se\en passings the matriculation I'niversity, he felt some- to gniduate or enter at but feeling that his father him in the business, chose began as a iuniitr in tiie tober, iSS: His close Paul CAMPiiiu.i-. MAcno.NAi.i), second son of Macdi>nald, was born at ember jnd, 1865, and was Collegfe, where he received of subjects, and in the prize for elliciency in Clas- has found of great benefit the business in which he regrets the time devoted years at collejje. After examination at Toronto what undecided whether once into commercial life, would be pleased to have the latter course, and staple department, in Oc- attention to business re- address and high moral him rapid promotion and teiitive menjory, excellent character, soon gained for quaiilied him a worthy member ol the famous firm of John Macdonald & Co., Wellington and I'ront streets east, Toronto. It is men like Mr. John Kidston Macdonald, Mr. Paul Campbell, and Mr. James Fraser Macdonald, who have done so much to give Toronto its great commercial standing among the large cities of the North .American Continent. These gentlemen take very little active part in the political warfare of the day, and it is only when the commercial welfare C)'i the country is in danger that their voices are heard. While the politician is arguing, struggling and fighting for position, they pursue the line of steady business progress, and build monuments, lasting when the politicians are forgotten. There is no surer criterion i.s'i the progress of a city or of a country than is afforded by the condition and expansion of her trade and commerce, and the wholesale dry goods business is one of the most imporlanl branches of trade. Of the value to Toronto of such a mammoth wholesale dry goods house as that of John Macdonald «!v: Co., it is not easy to speak, but there are one or two special features can be mentioned. The annual gatherings of their customers at the spring and fall openings gives an immense impetus to trade, and the amount spent may be esti- mated at several thousands of dollars. Not only this, but the city is brightened up by strange faces and our visitors go away impressed by the fact that Toronto is no mean city. To handle the vast quantity of goods which ^o in and out of the Messrs. John Macdonald & Co. 's Warehouse, an army of employees is necessary, from the entry clerk to the traveller, who may be said to represent the apex of the staff. All these men help to circulate money throughout the city, and are each and all a benefit to the community. 204 BOARD OF TR. II ROHl-RT SIMPSON. Durinjj the comparatively few years that Mr. Roukkt Simpson has been in Torontti has succeeded in showing what an enerjj^etic man can do in building up a prosperous bl ness. He is the head of one of the largest retail Dry (loods concerns in the Dominion, is to Toronto what the late .V. T. Stewart was to New York. In iScj^ the business grown to such dimensions thit additions were made to the present premises of a lal building, next door south but one on Vonge street, and the combined floor space oi premises now occupied is four acres. On the north side of the store a considera] amount of space is devoted to silks, satins and velvets, and at no time is the cash vahu the silks in stock less than $50,000. The store is known far and wide for the excellej and volume of the silks to be found on the sheKes and counters. The Dress (loods sect I of the store is a continuation oi the Silk Department, and to it is devoted consideral space. The stock of cottons and linens is very heavy, and the sales in this department tl into good-sized figures. In addition to the departments on the ground floor alreJ mentioned are the Hosiery, (Hove, .Men's I<"urnisiiings and Smailwares Departmenl Nearly one half of the lirst p— . , flat is devoted to carpets a| house furnishings, and ever\- thing necessary to make home beautiful in this line is to be found there,— lace ci tains, chenille curtains, por- ^^-^^^ tiere curtains, window bliiu etc., etc. KIsewhere is the .^flBP^'^ Millinery and Mantle Depa ments, fitted up and furnish- wKBL'' '^'^ ''^ harn^ony with the lai and fashionable display oi MKa fc. . ■ ^M, hats, bonnets and kiiulr stocks that are made as the y^f^W ' seasons go around. The \ e basement of the building is Iw ■ ■ '^ thrown open to shopper and those who have visited * .^^^^J tlie store and noted the co stant stream of people enter- J^^^^^^^^T '"^ '"^'^^ leaving will not surprised when informed that ^^^^^^^^U^^^^^^ ^'^^ annual turn over is m $2,000,000. Of .^^^^^^^^^^^l^^^Bife„ inipossibie to do a busine of this magnitude without O^^^H^^^^^^^^I^^^ careful planning ar constant and continuous ^■^B^^^^^^^^^^^ m B thought. One of the note features of this larjjfe busi- 'f^^SB ' 5T ness is the devotion nn loyalty of the large stafl" of hands to their chief. In tl case of departmental managers and chief clerks very few changes ha\e been made sim their appointment, a fact wiiich says much both for their elliciency and the consideral manner in which they are treated. .Mr. Robert Simpson, the head of this gigantic concert is a native of Morayshire, l*-lgin, Scotland, and the son of a farmer. He was born in i83( and acquired his education in the (Irammar School of Garmouth, Scotland. When sixtee years of age he commenced his mcrcanlile career as an apprentice in a grocery establisl ment at lilgin, where he served four years. In 1H55 he was induced to come to Canada, step he has never regretted. He secured a position at Newmarket, Ont., as chief clerk i the dry goods store of Mr. R. H. Smith, with whom he remained a year. In i85(> M Simpson started in business in Newmarket with .Mr. Trent, under the name of Simpson ^ Trent. The partnership lasted until 1861, when .Mr. Trent retired, and .Mr. Simpso carried it on alone until 1871, when he came to Toronto and established his present bus ness. He is a member of St. .Andrew's Society, and in politics is a Conservative. In 187 he became a member of the IJoard of Trade. There are very few men, either in t out of the Dominion wiio have aciiieved a greater measure of success than the subjet of this sketch. Nor has either luck or wild speculation had anything to do with th; success. It has been achieved by industry, close application, a personal supervisio over every department, a thorough knowledge of the business and ;lie taste, fane and requirements of the public, and lastly, though not least, the keeping in friendl touch with his clerks and assistants. The store resembles one large bee hive wit every one in it a worker and all loyal to their chief. I'^very day during the wee and especially on Fridays and Saturdays the place is jammed by a crowd of we dressed purchasers, on those days it being necessary to have policemen stationed oui side to keep the sidewalk clear. BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUMBER. \ has been in Toronto he rig up a prosperous busi- ■rns in the Doniinion, and n iS()3 the business had ?sent premises of a large ibined floor space of the the store a considerable time is tiie cash value oi d wide for the excellence The Dress (loods section t is devoted considerable es in this department run he ground floor already mall wares Departments, is devoted to carpets and ig necessary to make a )e found there, — lace cur- e curtains, window blinds, linery and Mantle Depart- n harmony with the large S bonnets and kindred >ons go aroimd. The \erv >wn open to shoppers ; store and noted the con- and leaving will not be annual turn over is over ossible to i\o a business ;h careful planning and [ight. One of the noted is the devotion mid s to their chief. In the es iiave been made since nc\' and the considerate of this gigantic concern, He was born in iSj^b. cotland. When sixteen ;e in a grocery establish- ed to come to Canada, a t, Ont., as chief clerk in ed a year. In i85(» Mr. the name of Simpson & red, and .Mr. Simpson ished his present busi- Conservative. In 1871 few men, either in or ccess than the subject ything to do with this a personal supervision and ;lie taste, fancy Ithe keeping in friendlj' e large bee hive with day during the week b\- a crowd of well licemen stationed out- THOMAS OGILVV ANDKRSON. Mk. Thomas O. Am')KKSO\, a member of the firm of Messrs. Alexander and Anderson, Dry Cioods Merchants, 43 Front street west, was born at Brechin, Forfarshire, Scotland. .After acquiring his education in Scotland, Mr. .Anderson came to Canada in 1867, and for three years was engaged by the firm of Ogiivy & Co., Dry Goods Merchants, .Montreal In 1871, the firm opened a Anderson was sent here as tion he filled until 1877, the business. .About nine firm was altered to the style Anderson, and since the re- vy about four year ago, it style of .Alexander & Ander- extensive business, occupy- three stories with a base- are constantly employed and upon the road. Recently the manufacture of ladies' came a member ot the Hoard member of the Dry Goods a prominent member of the a yreat interest in curling branch in Toronto, and .Mr. office manager, which posi- when he became a partner in years ago, the name of the of Ogiivy, Alexander and tirement of the Messrs. Ogil- has been conducted under the son. The firm does a very ing premises 36 x .200 feet, ment. About thirty hands nine travellers are always the firm has commenced cloaks. Mr. Anderson be- i^f Trade in 1879, and is a ection of the Hoard. He is (.iranite Curling Club, takes and is recognized as being one vii the best curlers in the I])oniinion. He is a member of St. Andrew's Society, and in politics sympathises with the Reform party. In 1874 Mr. .Anderson married Miss Ingiis, daughter of Rev. William Ingiis, who was a well known editorial writer on the Glolw'w the davs when the late Hon. George Hrown was at its head. GEORGE BVRON SMITH, M.P.P. Mu. Gi;oRc;i': Bvko.s Smith, M.P. P., wholesale Dry Cioods merchant, 39 Front street west, is a native Canadian and was born March 7th, 1839, at Xewtonville, County of Durham, Ont. His paternal grandfather was a native of the United States who came from Connecticut and settled near Cobourg, Ont., his maternal grandfather was a I'nited Empire Loyalist, who emi- grated to Canada from the State o'i Massachusetts war ot Independence. The educated at Xewtonville and to St. .Mary's, Ont., where a very successful business, amount of wealth. Wishing wider field for his operations ronto in 1873, the same .Mary's having been his here, member of the Town Covincil year occupied a seat in the Smith has had considerable ing the political arena he oi East York for the Ontario when he was elected by a eral Election for the local ;:reat majoritv Ml shortly alter the American subject oi this sketch was shortly afterwards removed he engaged in, and built up accumulating a considerable to secure a larger and a Mr. Smith removed to To- success which he had at St. For two years he was a of St. Mary's and for one Toronto City Council. .Mr. political experience. I^nter- contested the constituency provincial parliament in i88b large majority. In the Gen- parliament in 1890 he was Smith joined the Hoard of Trade in 1876. He again elected by a married Maria, daughter of .Mr. William H. Allen, Township of Hope, by whom he has two daughters, one of whom is married to Mr. A. E. Trow, Barrister, and a son of Mi. James Trow, M.P. for South Perth. .Mr. Smith is a staunch Liberal. WARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUA. JOHN ALKXANDKR Ml'RRAY. Mr. John Alkxandkr Miruav is the fourtli son of the late Mr. William A. Murray, who was the founder of the well known dry yfoods house of W. A. Murrav&Co.. Kinj,^ street east, and who crossed the Atlantic over one hundred and fiftv time's on business connected with the firm. The subject of this sketch was born in Limerick, Ireland, in the year 1834, his parents cominj^j to , , Canada two months later. He was educated at St. Michael's llyacinthe Collej^e, St. Hya- iiis business career by entering Co. in the year iS()8. He has since and at present is buyer for the kid glove, furnishing departments. Mr. the Toronto Carpet Manu- dono much to bring Canadian Busy and occupied as he found time to indulge his In 1S7Q he joined theO.O.R. pany, and remained such for a commission in the regi- the rank of Brevet-Major and College, Toronto, and at St. cinthe, Que., and commenced the lirm^of VV. .\. .Murray & remained with the firm ever occupying the position of hosiery and gentlemen's Murray is vice-president of facturing Co., which has carpets into such favor, always has been, he has taste for military matters, as a private in " F " Corn- two years, when he obtained ment. .At present he holds is in command of " I " " Murray's Dandies." The Company, better known as Major lias belonged to the R. C. V. C. and the Argonaut Rowing Club, and also to the old Toronto Rowing Club, he and Mr. Telfer .Arthurs rowing across the lake to Niagara in seven and a half hours. He was on^ of the best gymnasts of the old Toronto Gymnasium. He is a Conservative and belongs to the .Albany Club. He joined the Hoard of Trade in 1885. JOHN DRVNAN. The wholesale and retail Dry Goods linn of W. .A. Murray c\: Co., King street east, is a thoroughly representative one. The number of salesmen and saleswomen employed is a hundred, and in the workrooms quite as large a number in addition are engaged. The firm are direct importers from abroad, and the stock they carry is the most com- prehensive in town. The ' "" '" j i:---" by the late Mr. W. A. Mur- ing of Mr. John Drynan and John Drynan, head of the .Ayrshire, Scotland, in 1834, that district. He was educa- came to Canada in 1857, set- year. He commenced his raer, Wigtownshire, Scot- years of age as an apprentice chan's. From Stranraer he and engaged in the same went to London and entered sh.dl and Snel' "ove, the of Oxford and \'ere streets. Drynan came to Canada, ar- and being at work the follow- salesman in the house of Wilev i^ Murray. business was founded in 1857 rav, the present firm consist- M'r. W. T. Murray. Mr. firm, was born at Hallintrae, his father being a farmer in ted at the .Ayr .Academy and tling in Toronto the same commercial career at Stran- land, when he was fourteen to a firm of Dry Goods mer- went to Jedburgh, Scotland, business. From Jedburgh he the employ of Messrs. Mar- world-famous Silk Merchants On leaving their employ, Mr. riving in Toronto on a Friday, ing Monday as a clerk and ,, When Mr. Wiley retired the firm of W. A. Murray & Co. was formed, Mr. Drynan becoming a partner and then head of the firm. Mr. Drvnan is a member of St. John's Lodge, A. F. & A. M., and a director of the Trader's Rank and Reform Club. He joined the Board of Trade in 1882. The house among the leadi milliners who in non, the sole me Ont., on the 25tl Township, Coui tile life as a cler years. He then In 1867, preferri returned to Can Huron County, town where he . his premises we entered into a importers, the McKinnon. Tli a year, a com solved. In con McKinnon to 1 hard work he p; they had sustaii was marked by with a solid sil\ of Messrs. Bra resumed bv Me that Mr. ' .McI- and started for on Front street partnership .M and removed to years Mr. McC was known as A Mr. Kinnon ha> his energy and ; commercial tra\ the British, Fur London, the bu; ings of the hou.'- very largely attc in millinery, atu The house of Sj is an excellent e non has no part ing to every det Many men woul life he is a kindl ness is seen in t not souglit politi arena. He holi Hardware Co., President of th Brake Co., ofT Co.; Director ot He joined the I 1892 was electee SOUVENIR NUMBER, 205 SVDNKV I'INLAV .VkKIN'NON. McKiniion. This firm failed a year, a compromise uas The lunise o'i 'S>. V. McKinnon, wholesale milliner, i() and 18 Wellinjjlon street west, is among' the leading fnms in that line in the city, a fact which is attested by the large number of milliners who invade the premises every spririi;- and fall to make their purchases. Mr. McKin- non, the solemember of the firm is of Scotch parentage and was horn in the County of Halton, Ont., on the 25th of March, 1H43. He was educated at the Waterloo Schoolhouse, Ksquesing Township, County Halton, and at the (irammar School of Milton, Ont. Hebegan his mercan- tile life as a clerk in a jj^eneral store in (ieorgetown, Ont., in 1H60 where he remained some years. He then went to C'hicai^o where he secured a position in a larjjfe retail dry goodsstore. In 1867, preferring' the land i>'i his birth and the Hritish Hag to the Stars and Stripes, he returned to Canada and started business for himself as a general storekeeper in Wingham, Huron County. He only remained there a short time, selling out and returning to (ieorge- town where he once more went into the general store business, doing well until 1871, when his premises were totally destroyed by lire. He came to Toronto after this disaster and entered into a partnership with James Brayley and William Ash, wholesale millinery importers, the firm being known as Brayley, Ash & after being in existence about effected, and the firm dis- solved. In connection with .^^^ tliis failure it is due to Mr. McKinnon to mention owq ^.<'>"' ^^ fact ; after fourteen years hard work he paid the firm's .'J| .^^^^ creditors his share of the loss they had sustained, and this |ar ^^ r^^Bl-' display of business honesty was marked by the creditors ^^^^| 't^^^^m'' presenting Mrs. McKinnon with a solid silver service of '^m^^tt^K plate. .Soon after the failure of Messrs. Braylej', Ash & ^sW^^^^^k. .McKinnon the business was resumed by Messrs. Brayley ^J^^^^^^^^^^ iV McKinnon, and soon after that Mr. .McKinnon with (^^H^^^^t^^^^^K^^ drew from the partnership and started for himself in ^ ^^^i^^^^^^^^HB^ upper flat in the Iron Block on Front street west. Short- ^^^^KKKK^V^ '-^ afterwards he took into partnership Mr. W. C. ^^^|P^*^ff^ Proctor and Dugald McCall and removed to larger premi- ses on Front street. In five years Mr. McCall withdrew ' — — ' and for four years the firm was known as McKinnon, Proctor ^: Co., when the partnership was dissolved. Since then Mr. Kinnon has had no one associated with him and the success of the firm is due solely to his energy and ability. The house does business all over the Dominion and has fifteen commercial travellers on the road. Only the very best class of goods are imported from the British, European and .-Vnierican markets, notably from Paris, New York, Berlin and London, the buyers for the firm constantly crossing the Ocean. The spring and fall open- ings of the house attract buyers from all over Ontario and from the Northwest, and are very largely attended. The large warehouse is packed from basement to roof, a poem in millinery, and he would be hard to please who did not see many articles to take his fancy. The house of Sydney Finlay McKinnon stands to-day one of the best in the Dominion, and is an excellent example of Toronto's commercial prosperity. Considering that Mr. McKin- non has no partner in the business, overlooking and conducting everything himself, attend- ing to every detail, his success speaks well for his industry and great business ability. Many men would be unable to carry such a load of responsibility single-handed. In social life he is a kindly disposed, genial gentleman. A proof of his business tact and shrewd- ness is seen in the offices he holds. Owing to his many engagements Mr. McKinnon has not sought political honors, but it is expected thai in the near future he will enter the political arena. He holds many important offices. He is president of the McKinnon Dash & Hardware Co., of Buffalo, N. V.; President of the Ireland National Food Co., of Toronto ; President of the Canada Paint Co., of Montreal ; President of the Widdifield Electric Brake Co., of Toronto ; Vice-President of the Manufacturers' Life eV: Accident Insurance Co.; Director of the Toronto Electric Light Co., and Director of the Fire Insurance Exchange. He joined the Board of Trade in 1879 and for years was a member of the Council, and in 1892 was elected second vice-president of the Board. In politics he is a Liberal. m 2()(> HOARD OF TRAD \% lit I lli \ M 1*1 J. SHORT M.MASTKU. The firm of McMaster iS: Co., VVIiolosale Imporlers oT Dry liooJs, .4 to 1 _• l-ioni >>tr>.'i.' west, is known ainonj^ coinniorcial men all tncrtlu" Dominion. Tlioir iraJc has bo>.ii U tlie last j^oncration, and still is, one ol the lar).'est in C'anatla. The house was ori^;inall' louMcietl by the late Monorablu Senator William .MeMaster. Tlu' lnisiiie>s, like so w\:\\\) oilier siiceesslnl ones, was be<^im in a sm.ill wa\ . its gradual increase lias compellei several removals to more eommoiliims preniises. Mr. James Short Mc.Masier, who is wow the head ot the firm, is a nephew of the late Senator. He was born in County Tyrone, Ire hind, and came to Canaila with his parents in 1840. lie commencei.1 his commercial careei in iH.j.j while a mere lail, enterinj^ the warehouse ol his uncle as a clerk. The busines- was then carried k>\\ o\\ the west side o'i N'on^e street, immediately south ol Kinj; street Some years later il was found necessary to renune \o more commodious premises. Tin new warelu>use was erected on ^'on^■e street, ailjoininj,^ the Hank ol Montreal now occupiei by Mr. Daniel McLean, llereil was that .Mr. .NlcMasler actpiired that intimate know leilj^x of the dry f^noils business w hich has since stood him in i^ood stead. 1 lis brother .Arthur K. McMaster and himsell _______________^^__^__ wrought with untiring' enerf^N in buildin;;^ up the m.ii^iiili- the late Senati>r maile his youH}; man evince markeel twenty he was entrusted buyinfi tor the house. His siderableonematle in Uull'alo. sent to the British markets McMaster, brother of the resident I'^ns^lish partner o'i at the a}^e of twenty-three, Arthur admitted to an inter- Mr. James McMaster retired, younf4 men, and the (irm liam McMaster (,\; Nephews. McMasterassumetl the eluties and made his home in .Man- cent business out i>f whic fortune. So early did tlu abilitv that at the ai;e o with the responsibility o lirst purchase was a \ cry con i'he followiui,^ year he wa; to co-operate with Mr. James Senator, who was then the the lirm. Two years later, he was with his iMHther est in the business. In icS^S selliiij^- out his interest to the name was chani^et-l to W'il- In iS3() Mr. James Short o\ resident I'Jij^lish partner Chester. Some vears later the lMi}4;lish Ollices were removed to London, where the subject of oiu' sketch continued to reside for over twenty years. In i increase, so that in 1870 it was lound necessary to provitle more ample tpiarters. .Mr. .McMaster liaNinj^ visit- ed Canada that year it was decided to erect a buiklinjj suitable for the purposes oi the firm. The result was the present maj,^nilicent warehouse 4 to 12 I'ront street, west. The site was certainly wisely chosen, as it is in the very centre of the wlu>lesale district. ll consists of live lloors includiui;' basement, and is in e\ery respect admirably suited to the recpiire- ments of tiie business. Mr. .McMaster while in London not only supervised the buyins,' of the house, maintainin<,'- for that purpose a careful and intelligent interest in the develop- ments of till' Canadian business, InU he carried on in addition an extensive and successful bankin}4' business, thus •jaining an experience in finance that few men in the wholesale trade possess. The business sustained a serious loss in iH.Si in the death of .Arthur I^. McMaster, whose health had for some years previoush' been failing'. It was not, however, until about four years ago that Mr. McMaster thought it necessary to return to the home of his early life, so that he might take personal charge of the business. The result has cer- tainly amply justified the step then taken. Cnder his immediate supervision the business has not only been handled with the old time vigor and ability, but has o\\ all sides won new friends. Mr. McMaster, desiring to concentrate his wliole attention upon the business, has so far resisted all suggestions to connect himself with outside public or financial interests. He has, however, accepted a position on the Hoard of Covernors of McMaster University, founded by the late Senator. This he could scarcely have refused. Mr. McMaster is a member of the Kxecutive Committee of the Drv Goods section of the Hoard of Trade. BOARD OF TRADE iiOUVENTR NUMBER. .Is, 4 to iJ Front stroot heir Irailc has hcoii lur K' lu>iise was orifiinally iiisiiic>s, like SI) Mian\ iicivase lias coinpclloJ McMaslor, who is now 111 touiity I y rone, Iro- I liis roiiiiiKMiial career clerk. 1 Ik' business soiiih ol Kiiii; street. oilioiis premises. Ilie Montreal now oecnpiei! hat inlimate knowledtje His brother .\rlluir K. ;ht u ilh mitiriiif,' eiierj^)' lusiness out oi which le. So early iliil the ,■ that at the ai;e (^i tile rcspi>nsihility ol urchase was a very con- ,)lli>wing' _\ear he was operate with Mr. janies or, who uas then the ni. Xwo years later, as with his bitither the business. In iS^iS ;• out his interest to the was changed to W'il- 5(i Mr. James Short ident I'liii^lish partner Some years later ur sketch continued to I laif^e fortune, selliiif^ ider the style \.^{ \. R. to increase, so thai in dcMaster havinjj visit- e pur|">oses o'i the firm. treet, west. The site e district. It consists suited to the ret|uire- pervised the buyiiii;' t>f iterest in the de\ elop- ensive and successful lien in the wholesale death (-^i Arthur R. It was not, however, return to the home of The result has cer- pervision the business on all sides won new n upon the business, e public or financial vernors of McMaster used. Mr. McMaster the Hoard of Trade. WILLIAM I'AIIISON. l'er>,'-us is another oi those thrivin|,' small towns that are to he inel with all over the i'rovince i.^'i Ontario, and especially in its Western portion. It contains a number of im- porlant industries, and has several line stores, and does a },'ood market business. Amoii!.,' its prosperous meivlianls is Mr. William Pattison, Dry (loods Merchant lie was born at lilas},H)w, Scotland, in iS.W), , , his father having,' been a lar^je Wine and Spirit Merchant in had a distillery in I slay. Ar- thi> sketch came to this couii- afler acciuirin|.j his education first at Drummoiulville. Toronto after a short time, in the year 1S5.J, where he snoods and millinery business, sailing'' with him, and he has reverse. In the \ear i^'f)^, f^us in comieciion with his nice little sum of S(>, 500 in il. sumed as^aiii. b'rom his ways been steadily enj^'^atjeil in};' his reward, and doini; that city, and for some imie f,'yleshire. The subject of try aK>Me. in the year is'43. in his native city, and settled t.>nl., and then removed to Mr. Pattison went to l-'eii^us eslablisluil his present ilry 1 1 has lu't been ail smooth met with at least one serious he starleil a distillery at l'"ei'- slorekeepinj;- aiul lost the It was ^i\en up not to be re- \outh Mr. Pattison has ai- at work, aiul he is now reap- successfully. The capacity about $15,000 annualiv. i^'i his present business is .Ml. Pattison became a member kA the Hoard o'^ Trade, Mai'ch J4th, iKHh, and in politics is a Liberal-fonservative. Hesiiles bein^'' a successful business man Mr. P.ittison is the leadinj; disciple of Isaac Walton in his locality, is a \^ooC^ wini;' shot, and has been for years a most successful exponent of Scottish ;iirs on the violin. WILLIAM JOHN .MiMASTKR. Mu. Wil.l.iAM joii.v ,^K•^L\s■rl•K, head oi the Credit Department o^ tlie Wholes.iie Dry (MH'ds House of tiordon, Mac 1- ; y Co., 48 Front street west, was born at Ratlmelly. Ireland, in 1S34. He was educated at the private school oS the Rev. Cieo. C". Street, in Xew market, and at I'pper Canada Collcije. The family came to Canada when he was still a small boy and first Chinj^-uacousy, county o'^ boui^ht out the i^eneral stock land Landiiif^'. and soon ness north oi Toronto, vast district lyiiij;- between Huron. It was in iliis bus\ bej^an his commercial career the construction of the portant chan}.;es in the cen- ness, and the McMasters Bradford, which was con- cess by Mr. McMaster under ter & Son. In iSf); they went to Montreal where he j^oods house of Wm. J. Mc- beiiii;- the late James McMas- 1H7K they removed to Toronto settled in the Township of Peel. In 183c) his father <^i Capt. Laui^htoii in Hol- worked up the largest busi- attractiii}^ trade from the the Oak Ridges and Lake place that Mr. McMaster in January 1851. In 1S53 Northern Railway made im- tres and channels i>f busi- opened a lari^e store in ducted with exceptional suc- the linn name of A. McMas- sold out, and Mr. McMaster opened the wholesale dry Master & (1^.^., his partner ter of London, l']ns^land. In In 1887 the stock and assets were taken over b\ Gordon, Mackay X: Co. Mr. McMaster joined the Board of Trade in 1879. When youn}>er he did fjood service in the cause of education in the county of Simcoe, where he also raised a \'olunteer Infantry Company for active service, which he led to the front in i8()4 and i8b(i. HOARD OF TRADE SOUVENI/i NU. WILLIAM RKKS BROCK. In the wholesale Dry Goods Trade, of which Toronto is an important com re, there are tewhoiises belter known than that ot" Messrs. W. R. Brock & Co. The head ol the firm has been in business since boyhood, and has all his lite been connected with important aiidsiiccessliil houses. The hrm i.^{ \\ . R. Brock v\: Co., is composed, besides .Mr. Btock, ot .Messrs. .Andrew Crawford ' " history ol the house is an alter occupyiii}^ various posi- pursuits, entereii tiu- employ and soon attained the di^fiiity When his principals decided Toronto, in 1H71, he was aiul was admitted a partner in this l»usiness successfully lor ness on his own account as Brock t\: Bro., his partner 'That gentleman retircil, and II. W. Darling entered the become the head of another coiuhictcil unilcr the name of change was in the retirement ford and Mr. Jermyn were and Thomas j. Jermyn. 'The interesting- one. Mr. Brock, tiiMis in dilVerent commercial of 0},Mlvy it C"o., of .Montreal, of ^^oiii)^ out on the road, upon opening a branch in selected as the manai^er oi it the firm. .After carr^inj^ on some years, he started busi- hcad of the firm o'i \\ . R. bein^-- Mr. j. II. Brock. Messrs. I-'rederick Wyid and firm. Mr. Darling- retired to lirm, ami the business was Wyid, Brock. X: '^'o. 'The last of Mr. V\'yld, when Mr. Craw- .idmitted. Mr. Brock was born at (iuelph, in iSjd, and was educated at the (irammar School, (iuelpli. lie became a member oi the Board of 'Trade in 1H74, ;md has been .1 member ol the Council of the Board fi>r the past eight years. Mr. Brock is connected with numerous companies as a director, president or vice-president, and in politics he is a stavmch Liberal-Conservative. JOHN DRINKW.VTKR IN'KV. Mk. John I). I\•l•;^, head of the wholesale millinery and fancy dry j^oods lirm of John D. Ivey X: <.'o., 53 \'onf;'e street, is pre-eminently a successful man. He was born in Hatdimand County, Ontario, i:\\\ the 2Hth of .Xu^-ust, 185;}, and is the third son in a f.imily of six chiklron. His parents were among the pioneer settlers in the country, coming origin- ally from Lngland, and were llaklimand County, in point public esteem, being promi- Reformers. His father which consisted oi 500 acres, farm until 16 years of age, of Jarvis, where he began wilii J. i*<: R. Sill, general chants, remaining with them out for himself in the same with .Mr. Parker, under the Ivey. general merchants and years of succesft in this his sold his interest in the busi- ker, and became a partner of being then known as Sill & Sill three years later the i^ne cii the first families of of wealth, influence and nent Methodists and staunch farmed the old homestead Mr. Ivey remained on the and was educated in the town his business life as a junior store keepers and grain mer- lour years, when he launched town, going into partnership name and style of Parker X: grain dealers. .After three first undertaking, Mr. Ivey ness to his partner, .Mr. Par- his first employers, the lirm Ivey. On the death of Mr. business was sold by Mr. .Mk. Dona No. H4 i-'ront s was born in tin youngest in a t he was only t that he receivei year iS v> and his mercantile I until the year 1 on his own ace his nephew, M tiordon X: .Ma opened on Wc iS()i , when the year i.S()i .Mr. partner, when i>l .Messrs. (ic Mr. Macdonal in the year partner, and s vear 1KH7 he t Mr. J. W. W With the lirm e.\pired by el1l not renewed. Lybsler Cotton Canal, near tl and seven y- formed to ope I.,ybster Cotton kay was the pn. policy in the yi. became (ince ni li < n Ivey to C. & A. Jones, who still continue it. Mr. Ivey than went to London, Ont., and there founded the present business, moving to the present premises in this city in 18S7. He joined the Toronto Board of Trade on coming to this city, and is vice-chairman of the Dry Goods section. In politics Mr. Ivey is a Reformer. the property advantageous houses were g through the | rebellion brok Ontario Bank, a director of tl business enter He became a chiefs among Liberal-Consui the handsomes high with has admirably ecjui, them. In evei commercial en is very large, which the meti men as the me high position .■■ stands higher long been pro DE SOUVENIR NUMliER. 207 DONALD MA'KAY Mk. Ddnm.i) Maikav. Iiciul ot the well known linn ofMessrs. (iordun Mackay Sc Co., No. 84 h'ront street west, importers i.^'i (General dry ),'Oi>i.ls, etc., is i>r .Scotili descent and was born in the town of Kildonan, County oi Sutherland, in the year 1S15. He is the youuj^est in a family ol ten and his paronls removed to I.ybster. County ol" Caithness, when he was only two years old, remairiii^^ there until the year iH^(), and it was in that place that he received his education. TIil subject ol this sketch came 10 this country in the year iS^) and for a number of years resided in the city of .Montreal, where he commenced his mercantile lite with his two elder brothers, Joseph ami lulward, remaining with them until the year i,S4,S, wlu n he reitu>ved to the city ^.■^i Hamilton, Out., conunencin}^ business on his own account in a small way. The business extended so rapidly that tofjether with his nephew, .VIr. ji>hn (iordon, he established the wholesale dry ^oods business of Messrs. (iordon \- Mackay. Duriiij^ the year iH^i) the business was removed to this city and opened ou Wellington street next to Scott street, where the lirm remaineil until the year i8()i, when they removed into their present extensive and cinnmodious ».|u.irters. In the year iods, both o^ ^^IH^HlEil^K whom had been connected with lirm for number ^ ^^^^^^^RM^BLi *^^' years. I liis partnership expired eflluxion ^^^^^H^^I^^B^' .Mr. Mackay J^^^^^^^^^^Km^' erected known Lybster Cotton Mills at .Mer- ^^^^^^^^^^K* riton, Ont., on the Welland Canal, city o'i St. ^^^^^H^^BHTm Catherines in ii , ear iS(>i, and seven years later a ^^^BBIHBIL^^ liniited liability company was formed to operate the mills ^ which was known as the Lybster Cotton Manufacturit^ (.'o., and of which Mr. Mac- kay was the president. After the adoption of a national policy in the year 187(8 .Mr. Mackay boui^lit out the interests of the other shareholders and became once more the sole owner of the Lybster mills. In the year i8ij2 he disposed of the property to tiie Cotton Syndicate, havin}^ received from them what he considered an advantas^eous otl'er. Durinij the panic which occurred in the year 1857, when mercantile houses were yfoini^ down all over Canada, Mr. Mackay successfully piloted the present lirm throujjh the period of disaster. A year after .Mr. Mackay arrived in the country the rebellion broke out, and he served through it on the Loyalist side. He is a director of the Ontario iiank, o'i which he was formerly and lor several years vii;e-president. He is alsu a director of the London iK: Canadian Loan & .Agency, and is identified with several other business enterprises. .Mr. Mackay is a staunch iVesbyterian and an eldei of Knox church. He became a member of the Board of Trade in the year 1868 and is regarded as one of the ciiiefs among the commercial men of the Queen City of the West. In politics he is a Liberal-Conservative. The premises occupied by the firm ow Front street west, are among the handsomest in the city devoted to commercial purposes. The warehouse is four storeys high with basement, is centrally situated in the wholesale business portion of Toronto, admirably equipped, and its internal arrangements as perfect as money and skill can make them. In every respect the establishment is a credit to the city, and a monument to the commercial enterprise and genius of the lirm. The volume of business transacted annually is very large, extending all over the Dominion. The firm of Gordon, Mackay & Co. is one which the metropolis of Ontario may well regard with pride, for it is to such enterprising men as the members of this house that the country must look, to enable her to hold the high position she has attained. No firm has a sounder or better financial reputation or stands higher in the confidence of the trade. The excellence of their goods has long been proved. m l! hi Im • n i 111 'fi h. =8 O D o Q O O o >- BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR Ni. CHARLKS RKID. Mr. Cmari.es Kkid, head of the Importing Milhnery and Fancy Dry Goods firm of Messrs. Reid, Taylor & Bayne, Nos. 9 and 1 1 Wellington street east, was born in the City of Kdinburgh, Scotland, in the year 1852. He received his education at the Normal school in his native city and came to this countrv in the vear 1873. Shortlv after his arrival in Toronto he " entered theemploy of Messrs. Alexander & Reid, wholesale milliners, with whom he re- mained until i88j, when they retired from business. In the year 1884 Mr. Reid com- __ menced business on his own account by purchasing the ^'iPMl^ wholesale millinery stock of Messrs. Barber, Warner & _,^^f m Co., and it is worthy of remark here, that his sole ''^^K'^ ^ capital and yet that which has ensured his success in '^I m|P » ■ life was composed ot brains and energy. In the same ^^Bpk. year Mr. Reid took into partnership Mr. Bayne, which ■ iC^ ^ '^^'^^ ^^^^ commencement of the firm's steady growth, for ^^.jSlt^t^^^ ^^ persexerance and straight forward dealing the house ^^lE^^^^^^:^ '^'^^ assumed the proud position it now occupies as JHIHh^^IHHP '"' ^^^'^ '^^ ^^^^ leading wholesale millinery houses ot the Do- flHP^^^S^^^^^^ minion. In the year 1885 the stock of James Brayley ' ' M^^KBB^^-^ & Co., amounting to $93,000 was purchased, thus showing . .■•^^e^.,\- to some extent the progress made by the firm in such a ' ' short time, and the following winter Mr. Robert Taylor, a native of .Aberdeen, joined the firm as buyer, when the present style was adopted oi Reid, Taylor & Bayne. Mr. Reid became a member of the Board of Trade in 1884 and in politics is perfectly Independent, strongly advocating the best men for office irrespective oi machine politics. The Roy prosperous p similar kind ( employment 1 of a rich a naturally fol oi wide awa largely due i its successful General Drj (iermany, an July 9th, iS When only Canada witl make Canac county of Ws ject o'i this menced his m apprentice to Ten years lat a general bus period of six business. H five and fifty Reformer. I JAMES W. WOODS. Mk. Ja.mks W. W'oohs, general buyer and business manager tor the firm of Gordon, Mackay i\; Co., wholesale dry goods merchants, corner Bay and Kront streets, is a native Canadian, having been born in the town of Woodstock, Ont., in the \ear 1835. He is of Irish parentage, being a son of Mr. James Woods, of the town of Gait, one of the most 10 111 successful and best known Canada. The subject oi the (ialt Collegiate Institute career in the year 1874, '^^ wholesale dry goods house Co., with which firm he has Mr. Wood-i' business experi- he having at one time or e\ ery position of importance Mackay iV Co. In the capa- ihe Atlantic Ocean over lifly manufacturing centres of Continent oi Kurope. He is acknowledged to he, one of buyers in the trade. In the came a member oi the firm of retail merchants in Western this sketch was educated at and began his business entry clerk in the well known of .Messrs. Gordon, Mackay & been connected ever since, ence is varied an J extensive, another occupied almost in the warehouse of Gordon, city of buyer he has crossed times, visiting the various Great Britain ;ind oi the recognized, and is generally the most skillful foreign year 1880 Mr. Woods be- Gordon, Mackay iV Co., but partnership term, in the on the expiration of the year i8()i, new arrangements were entered into and Mr. Vv^oods continues his con- nection witii the lirni as general buyer and business manager. He became a member of the Board of Trade in the year 1887. .Mthough comparatively a young man Mr. Woods' experience is second to none in his particular line. The wl King stree da. The and the am ing the yea January ()tl several yea the tuition business 01 had a pre\i Sons is tile and re-cros aboard the been twcntv form in t ere of the Licei Trade, whic Carbert, by Mr. Tliomp Mr. B Canadian, lege, and ci In' 1880 he Independen thorough bi 14 DE SOUVENIR NOW BER. 2og irm in the fter srs. re- in own of of lich ains into of ight KRXKST R. liOLLKRT. The Royal City of Guelpli, Ont., is well known throujjhoul the Dominion as a tliriving prosperous place, containin<^ many important industries, some of them as large as any of a similar kind elsewhere in Canada, and among them some very large manufactories, giving employment to a number of men. It is also an important railway junction and the centre of a rich agricultural and naturally follows that the of wide awake enterprising hirgelj' due its present pros- its successful business men is Cieneral Dry Goods Mer- Ciermany, and was born at July c)th, iSio, his father When only three years oi Canada witi his parents, his make Canada his home, county of Waterloo, Ont., in ject oi this sketch acquired menced his mercantile career apprentice to Mr. S. R. Hes- Ten years later, in the year a general business in Harris- stock raising district. It city also contains a number business men, to whom is perous condition. Among Mk. Krnest R. Hoi.i.i:rt, chant. He is a native of Thuringia in that country, being engaged in agriculture, age Mr. Bollert came to father having decided to They settled first in the the schools of which the sub- his education. He com- at the age of thirteen, as an sin, ex-M.P. for Stratford. 1873, Mr. Hollert established ton, conducting it for a period of six years, when he removed to Guelph and established his present dry goods business. He occupies a large double store, and employment is given to between fortv- fi\e and fifty hands. Mr. Bollert joined the Hoard of Trade in 1886, and in politics is a Reformer. He has been a member of the Guelph School Board. THO.\?AS THOMPSON, j. P. The wholesale and retail dry goods house of Messrs. Thomas Thompson & Son, 136 King street east, is owq of the best known and largest establishments ol" its kind in Cana- da. The number of men and women employed in the various departments is very larire, and the amount of goods handled runs up into many hundreds of thousands of dollars dur- ing the year. Mr. Thomas Thompson, formerly the head of the firm, was born in Toronto, January c)tli, 1832. His father was a native of \'orkshire, lingland, and came to Canada several years ago. Mr. Thompson acquired his education at the Bay street academy, inider the tuition oi Mr. John Boyd, father of Chancellor Boyd. At the age of twenty he started business on his own account in the retail dr\' goods and boots and shoes line, having had a previous business training with his father. The present house of T. Thompson & Sons is the outcome of Mr. Thompson's first effort on his own account. He has crossed and re-crossed the Atlantic 75 times in the interest of the house, and was a passenger aboard the Cireat ICastern on her last voyage home, when she was given up for lost, having been twenty-three days out. In iSSj .Mr. Thompson contested I-^ast Toronto in the Re- form interest for the House ot Commons, but was defe;ited by Mr. John Small. He is one of the License Commissioners for Toronto, and is a prominent member of the Board of Trade, which organization he joined in 1870. In 1855 Mr. Thompson married Miss Hester Carbert, by whom he has had a family of seven sons, two oi whom comprise the firm. Mr. Thompson is a warm supporter of the Methodist Church. Mk. Bovci-: Thompson, son oi Mr. T. Thompson, and a partner in the firm, is a native Canadian, having been born in 1857 in Toronto. He was educated at I'pper Canada Col- lege, and commenced his business career in 1873 with his father on King street east. In 1880 he was admitted a parlncr and now is head of the firm. In politics he is Independent and joined the Board of Trade in 1886. Mr. Thompson is an active, energetic, thorough business gentleman, well known lo tiie wliolesale and retail merchants of the city. I: I I ■Ha 2IO BOARD OF TK WAR ^ii I The sad event of Mr. Samson's death in Soplomber, iHgi, left Mr. Ki:x\i:i)v tlu survivinjj;^ partner ot the lonif established wholesale dry goods firm of Samsom, Ron & Co. 'liie subject of this sketch is a native of County Down, Ireland. 'le receive excellent education in Londonderry, and commenced his commercial career as an ap tice in a retail dry goods store in the town of Kilrea, Ireland, which place he kft afte apprenticeship and wont to Belfast, where he remained for ten years, making a reput for himself second to none for intelligence, application and business knowledge. reaching Toronto in 1857, which was during one of the greatest commercial . crises that this country has ever known, nothing daunted he accepted a subordinate position, but his natural ability and force of character soon attracted marked attention, and his services were eagerly sought after. He entered the employ o{ the late Hon. Senator Macdonald, where he received rapid promotion, and was drawing a very large salary, when in i86c)he formed a partnership with Mr. A. (J. S nson and Mr. Alex. (Jemmel, both since deceased, under the name of Samson, Kennedy X: Gemmel, now Samson, Kennedy iS: Co., a business which has grown to gigantic proportions, reach- ing the large amount o'i 81,230,000 annual sales. Mr. Kennedy has, by persistent labor and application, won commercial and other honors of the worthiest description. He has always been an indefatigable worker, not only in business, but in helping along anything that enlisted his sympathy and approbation. He is a man of wonderful vitality and energy, and delights to grapple with difiiculties, perplexities and toils ; is earnest and persevering in his zeal for the good of his fellows, and untiring in his labors for the improvement of their condition morally and piiysically. He took a leading part in the organization of the Commercial Travellers' .Association o'i Cat in 1S71, being one of the charter members, and when the first annual meeting was the following year he was honored by being elected President, which posiiioi occupied for some years, and is still an honorary member. His interest in the .Assi tion has never fiagged, and wiien the Commercial Travellers' Mutual Benefit Society formed in 1881 he was appointed Treasurer, which olfice he still holds. He also taki warm interest in the Commercial Travellers' Circle, which has for its chief object promotion of Temperance among the fraternity. As an evidence of his popularity he elected alderma.n in 1871, polling the largest vote on record up to that time, in lavor oi of the city fathers. He displayed remarkable intelligence and an unusual grasp in management (^i municipal affairs, so much so that in 1877 he was asked to run for Ma and although he was unsuccessful in ttic contest he polled a very large vote. He 1 ai.k: -M A'< Mr. .Ai.kxandkr Hovd, head of the firm v^i Alexander Boyd & Sons, No. i 1 F street west, Toronto, is oi Scotch parentage, and was born at Renti'n, Dum tonshire, Scotland, on the 4th of March, 1843. After acquiring his primary educatioi the same place, Mr. Boyd accompanied iiis parents to Canada at an early age, contiiii his education in Toronto, where his father settled, and where he was engaged in wholesale paper and stationary business, as a member of the well known firm of 1 tin, Bo)d iV Co. He retired from business with an ample fortune, which he lived tc joy for a number of years. The subject of this sketch commenced his commei career in his father's business in 1859, remaining with the firm for ten years, and t oughly acquainting himself with all the details of the business. On leaving BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUMBER. WARRING KKNNEDV left Mr. Kennedy the sole firm of Sanv.vim, Kennedy , Ireland. Me received an lercial career as an appren- ,vhich place he left after his years, maUinij;' a reputation business knowledge. On St commercial le accepted a laracter soon :ht after. He "e he received 86c) he formed i\, botli since now Samson, )rtions, reach- inedy has, by honors of the ; worker, not his sympathy energy, and s earnest and in his labors He took a ;rs' Association oi Canada t annual meeting was held ;sident, which position he ^is interest in the Associa- Mutual l^onefit Society was holds. He also takes a IS for its chief object the e oi his popularity he was o that time, in lavor of any an unusual grasp in the IS asked to run for Mayor, ery large vote. He was several times urged to enter the political field, but declined, much to the chagrin and disapiiointment oi his friends, as he is a ready, fiuenl and forcible speaker. His fellow- countrvmen also showed their appreciaticn oi his merits by electing him President of the Irish P'rotestant Benevolent Society in 1872. Mr. Kennedy is now Chairman ol the Hoard ot the Toronto General Burving Grounds Trust ; senior Honorary Secretary ot tlie Upper Canada Bible Societv, and of the Board of Management of the House ot Industry. He is also a member i^i the Kxecutive Council of the Mutual Reserve Fund Lite Association, and Chairman o'i the Canadian Board, and takes a keen personal inicrust in its affairs, as he does in everything with which he is connected. lie is also a member of the Council of the Board of Trade. Mr. Kennedy's devo- tion and loyalty to the cause of Methodism are known far and near. As local preacher, class-leader, trustee and Sabbath Scliool Superintendent, he earned for himself the esteem and admiration i.^{ his co-religionists. He has been on several Conference Committees, .uid a delegate from the Toronto Conference to the General Conference, where he always took a prominent part in the debates. At the Toronto Conference, in June, 1S91. he had the unique honor conferred upon him oi being elected Secretary, which is the first instance ot a layman occupying that position in tiie history of the Methodist Church oi this continent. He was also elected a delegate to the Second Ecumenical Council of the Methodism of the world, which met at \Va:;hington, DC, last October. Mr. Kennedy frequently occupies the pulpits of some of the leading churches, and holds a foremost place as an expounder of Gospel truths. He is always ready for service in any hrancli of the church work at all times, and the charitable organizations of the city always rely on him as a warm friend and willing helper. He is deservedly popular with all classes of his fellow-citizens, being one of the oldest, most distinguished and familiar citizen merchants. Perhaps no business man in Toronto has more ably iilled so many important positions with greater credit to himself or the various commercial bodies, companies and institutions with which he has been connected. With extraordinary energy and ever-increasing charity, his versatile talents are at the ready conmiand of every good cause affecting public or private interests ; his opinions, judgment and counsels have been found of great value in business circles, from the Board of Trade down to the unfortunate debtor. In short, .Mr. Kennedy is one oi those welcome figures whom to know is to esteem, in the highest sence of the word. On January ist, 1894, Mr Kennedy was elected Mayor of Toronto by 4,452 majority, being the largest vote ever gi\en for a Mayoralty candidate. ALKXANHKR BON I). lyd & .Sons, No. 1 1 Front lorn at Renton, Dumbar- iiis primary education in t an early age, continuing he was engaged in the well known firm of Bun- une, which he lived to en- inmenced his commercial 1 for ten years, and thor- siness. On leaving the lirm he a^^sociated himself with Mr. Hodgson, under the name ^-^i Hodgson X: Boyd, dry good merchants, which firm after some changes, subsequentlv became the present firm oi Alexander Boyd & Sons, with premises on hVoiit street "west. The firm im- ports very largely from the principal British, luiropean and .\merican trade centres, and has a connection which extends all over the Province of Ontario, giving emplov- nient to a number of employees, with travellers constantlv upon the road. Mr. Bovd became a member of the Board of Trade in 1S74, and was for two vears a member o{ t'he Council ot the Board. In politics he is a thorough Liberal and 'a Radical. He is a res- pected member ot St. Andrew's Societv, and in business circles is regarded with esteem as an honorable dealing gentleman. BOARD OF IRADE SOUVENIR NUl JOHN CATTO. No branch of the retail trade of the City of Toronto has been conducted with i^Hnl^ and is a son of the late Mr. Thomas Miller, a farmer in llAw ^^^^ ^^^ country. Mr. Miller came to this country in 1861 ^^^B^ BIk ^"'■' 'started a grocery busi- ness at Newcastle, Ont., ■^■^ ^^W!P^ with a capital of $100. After a year he added a small stock ^^^B^^^^^^^ of dry goods and the follow- ing year boots and shoes, .^^^IvB^^^^^^^ gradually making it a general store and worki.ig it success- *^^^Hri|^^^H^H« fully until 1H85. He then sold out and went into the ! mw .^BtlKf^W^^ wholesale gents' furnishing business with a partner ' jF""^^^' E'^- named Mcl-Hvoy, but in two years not finding the venture ; i successful sold out his inter- est in it and lived retired for about two years. Unable to stand an idle life Mr. Miller bought a store in Oshawa, 70 x 40, and put in a new stock of general dry goods and millinery, and in two years added an addition to it for a showroom. He has since admitted his two sons into partnership and is doing a good paying busines.s. Mr. Miller joined the Hoard of Trade in 1886. is- -,' 1W 21 2 HOARD OF TRAi GRAIN A \f \ DrRING the past few years a great deal has been done to improve the dairying industr and meat export trade ol" the nominion. In tlie former, y^reat improvements hav been accomplislied ; improvements so great, that to-day Canada leads the world the manufacture of cheese. But notwithstanding all that has been done — the developmei of the horse and cattle trade, the excellency to which the dairying industry has arrivii. grain growing and flour manufacturing remain the two principal industries of C'an; to-day, and upon the way the crop turns out and the way it is handled depends very largul the prosperitv of the Province. The operations of a fevv heavy dealers ingrain and llou represent the labor of thousands of agriculturists in the fields, and whatever affects tl farmer affects everybody else, directly or indirectly, throughout the Dominion. The graii trade of Northern and Western Ontario is mainly centered in Toronto, either actually b; the shipping of the product through this port, or by its being handled by Toronti capitalists. In addition, a very large trade in wheal and flour from Manitoba and tht Northwest Territories, the future grainery of the world, is done in this city. Wher one contrasts the facilities existing to-day for conducting this great branch of Canadiai industry with what existed only a tew years ago, there is cause for gratified astonishment The primitive mills of Canada were many of them very unsatisfactory and gave s world of trouble to their owners. Rickety buildings, shafting and pulleys out of line anc proportion, drives ill conceived and badly carried out, belts light as fiddle strings, were some of the causes that renderrd the life of the miller most unhappy and did not tend to excellence or economy in working. Much of the work done was gristing for settlers and but little merchant work. .As a rule the village followed the mill and not the mill the village, the first tiiought being to secure a good water power. That done the settlers for miles around would take their grain to the mill, in winter on a hand sleigh, in summer in a bag over their shoulders, tramping over hill and dale, the miller taking a portion of the grain in payment for the gristing. .A specimen o'i the primitive appliances then in existence can be seen at the Canadian Institute, Richmond street, Toronto. It is what was called " .-\ man power grinder " and consists of a beech log, with the bark still on it, thirty-five inches high and twenty-nine inches in diameter. Let into the top of this log is a bed stone, twenty-one inches in diameter. The runner is twenty inches in diameter and ^\\q and a half inches thick. This curious "mill" dates early in the century. Water power mills then came in, and by 1S37 cleaning machinery had bee;i adopted, bolting cloths were in use and stronger and better buildings were put up. Passing over intermediate improvements to the present day, we reach the system of Roller Mills, which instead ot flat stones revolving one upon another, have an action like that of a mangle, crunching and grinding the grain, the steel rollers moving on a horizontal instead oS. a perpendicular axis. Milling engineers are now much more approximating to the millwright then ever before, some of them, who have taken a high place as builders of modern mills, have been millwrights, and sons and grandsons of millwrights have more Mil BOARD OJ- IJiADJi SOLlHNIJi NUMBER. RAJN AND MILLIXC me the dairying- industry reat improvements have nada leads the world in 1 done the development ng industry has arrived, al industries of Canada i'ed depends very Iar},reiy ?alers in grain and Hour md whatever affects tlie e Dominion. The grain ronto, either actually by g handled by Toronto from Manitoba and the le in this city. When eat branch of Canadian gratified astonishment, satisfactory and gave a .1 pulleys out of line and as fiddle strings, were ppy and did not tend to gristing for settlers and ill and not the mill the lat done the settlers for I sleigh, in summer in a taking a portion oi the iances then in existence It is what was called rk still on it, thirty-five 3 of this log is a bed (s in diameter and live :entury. Water power ed, bolting cloths were we reach the system of ler, have an action like moving on a horizontal nore approximating to gh place as builders of millwrights have more than upheld their name and reputation in the later field of roller mill erection. The margin of profit is .so narrow on which bread.stuffs arc .sold, the competition is so -reat that economy is the aim of millers, and this necessitates the adoption of whatever nKMlux'l ingenuity can devise to get the largest profit out of a given quantilv oi grain The nnprovements made in milling machinerv arc exemplified bv the fact that onlv a {>iss y.-irs ago It took SIX bushels of wheat to produce one barrel of Hour ; the quantitv 'was reduced to five bushels, and to-day four and one-half bushels suffice-all due to improved methods and machmerv. Ontario now contains some very large and excellent roller mills. The O-ilvies of Montreal have large mills at (uuierich and at Seaforth. Mackav &: Co. have I mill it Ottawa w,th a capacity of 500 barrels of Hour a day. Other large mills are Peoples' Mdls(n.elph, capacity 500 to 600 barrels; David Goldie, .\vr, capacitv 400 barrels ; Mr rodd (.alt capacity 300 barrels; John .Morris. St. Catharines, 500 barrels; .Archibald Campbell Torontojunct.on, 700 barrels; McLaughlin & Moore, Toronto, (,00 barrels- cm/ens .Mdhng Co., Hlizabeth street. Toronto ; llomedale Mills. Hrantford ; Welland Mills. Lambton and Waterdown .Mills. iV.erboro Mills, and manv others scattered o-er the Irovmce. Canada now occupies third place on the list of" expor.ing countries in regard to tlour. 1 he export oi .American Hour is likely to decrease in the future, owing ,0 the fac that the area m the United States under cultivation is not expanding, while the population of that country is largely increasing. This makes the outlook fo^ Canadian gram and flour on the Bnfsh market most favorable. Last .April. Hon. Geo F Foster Mmis^ter of V mance presented a report to the House ..i Conmu.ns. at Ottawa, in'which he placed the money value ot Canadian grain exports as follows tor the vears ,.S8c,. ,S.o ,Scu 1889. ^'''}^^ $ 3,838 Oats _.Q Peas, whole 1,091.078 O'^tmeal 152,516 1890. S 12,017 138,371 1, 190,83(1 379.893 387.309 201.518 i8i)i. S .^•954 i'43M.747 9«x). 1 34 851,912 35'455 1892. $1,233,844 '.97 5 -485 2,33-'. 307 5,726.505 1. 1 10,308 381.950 Sir Charles Tupper, Canadian High Commissioner n London, in his report of last It at BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUM The exports of Canada to (.ircat Hritain have incroasod considerably williin the last few years, but the share oi the food supply, which Canada at present contributes, is comparatively small, thoujjh capable of indelinite extension if proper re^^ard is paid to the requiremonls of the Hritish trade. l>;xports to the United States have fallen otV consider- ably owinj;- to the -McKinley Bill, but exports to Creat Hritain have increased wonderfully, the amount beinj^ nearly ^'20,000,000. But when it is remembered that (Ireat Hritain imports food every year to the enormous value of ^'200,000,000, it will be readily seen there is ample room for the development of Canadian trade. The total value of wheat imported by Great Britain in i«<)2was ^'24,S57,()02, of which Canada only sent ^' 1, 443, 938. In this connection, however, it must be remembered that prices in Kni,Hand have been about ten shillings per quarter lower than they were on an averat,'^e during' iH()i, which of course has tended to reduce the aggregate value of the Canadian trade, notwithstanding that the tiuantity exported for iSq2 exceeds that ^.-^'i iS()i considerably. There is no doubt that a very much larger cjuantity of Canadian wheat could be absorbed in (ireat Britain than is now exported. The hard wheat of Manitoba and the North-west are much in favor in Great Britain, and if in good order, readily brings two and three shillings per quarter more than any other wheat upon the market. Bui underneath the whole of the Canadian export trade to CJreat Britain, lies the much vexed question oi bills of lading. So serious has this become, that in making contracts for .American grain, many British firms boycott Canadian ports, for the simple reason that the documents tendered in exchange for payment are not strictly speaking legal tender. They are purely and simply only railway receipts, and are not binding on the ship or captain. They are known in the trade as Through Bills of Lading, and it often occurs that the British buyer, after having paid for his goods, which are supposed to be shipped on one steamer, finds the boat arrive without them, and they ultimately arrive by another, upsetting all calculations as to the state of the market. Nor is that the only evil. It might nullify the insurance, and if the Canadian exporter failed, after -elling his goods and before they were shipped, they could be seized by Canadian creditors, after having been paid for and being actually the property of the British buyer. This is a matter which the diflferent Canadian Boards of Trade should attend to. Canada comprises one third of the British lunpire, a large portion oi it within the wheal zone. The average yield of wheat in Manitoba and the North-west Territories is from twenty to thirty bushels per acre, a much larger yield of wheat than in the United States. The farmers of the North-west are mostly immigrants with little capital or exper- ience, and engaged in the diiVicult task of developing a new country. Notwithstanding these adverse circumstances, the crop raised in 1892 by 1,900 farmers in Manitoba was 23,000,000 bushels of wheat, 14,000,000 bushels of oats and 3,200 bushels of barley. Three thousand farmers in the Territories raised 7,000,000 bushels of wheat. These are *HCts which speak iiighly for the productiveness of the soil, the climate and the possibilities of the country. There is a growing feeling in Great Britain of giving some preferential treatment to imports from the Colonies as compared with foreign countries. While the subject cannot be said to have come within the reach of practical politics, there is no doubt that there is a strong current of British feeling in its favor. The speeches of leading public men, both in and out of parliament ; the discussion of the question at the recent Congress of Chambers of Commerce of the Empire, and the resolution in favor of the imposition of a duty on grain, passed by the recent Agricultural Conference, indicate a state o'i things impossible a few years ago. The development of the food producing resources of Canada is a matter as miportant to question will be well as the const agriculturist. We have ah Great Britain, bi and flour to the Canadian grain i Oats Peas, whole . . . Peas, split Wheat, flour. . . To the Unit grain exports wa Barley Wheal Rye • • ■ In 1892 the $3,012. We have ah under its provisi the tariff" on grai Barley Oats Wheal Wheat Hour, ad Split Peas. Buckwheat Last seaso returns to the bered that by n or be indepeiur price of this coi| surplus wheat Canadian graii^ dize. That thi a splendid coml almost infinilel agricultural m| insurance and To be surJ are they ? Thl ■■Mil \UVENIR NUMBER 2«3 Tell as the consumer in Oreat Britain, at the same time not act.n.Mnjur.o.sIy to the Br.t.sh af^ricultiirist. We have already quoted a few statisti cs showini? tlie value <>^ Canadian breadstulTs to Cea HrilZ;;. U;;:^:not cover all the .r d ofsuch exports C..da ex^r. j^tm „Hl flour to the British West Indies. China. Japan and the Un. ed States The value Canadian .^rain and Hour exported u> the West Indies n. ■«.,. and ,892 was. Oats. Peas, ■ hole . i8t)i. 1892. $5(3.o6() $14.1. '«' 4.0HS 12.13H 2H,777 70.61)4 i,6iS 60,172 Peas, split Wheat, flour . . To the United States for the years US89. .S90, .Sc„, and ,S,-> the value of C anad.an irrain exports was: Barley Wheal Rye.. 1889. Sii,454,fio;> ^6,591 1890. 84,582,562 6,5«i) 11.V320 1891. $2.84().2()() 613,690 05' '31 1892. 1.334-4^5 871.263 88.207 In 1893 the value of Canadian flour e $3,012 xported 10 China was 87,865. and to Japan Bill. .As everybody knows. ve below ^" We have already incidentally referred to the McKinley B, . ^^ -'e^,u under its provisions Canadian exports to the Cnited States have tal en ofl. We g, the tai-ifl-on or.ins, etc., under the old .American tarifl and under the new. Barley Oats • • • ■ Wheat Wheat flour, ad valorem Split Peas Buckwheat NEW K.ATE. 30 cents bushel 1 5 cents bushel 25 cents bushel 25 per cent 50 cents bushel n cents bushel 01. :> R.\TE. 10 cents. 10 cents. 20 cents. 20 per cent. 20 per cent. 10 cents. last season the crops of Canada were abundant and have on the whole yielded tair return o the farmer. This is especially true of the coarse .rains. It must be remem- bered tl-^t bv no svstem of business, or by any le.^islative enactments, can we escap f o r be indep;ndent of, the absolutely controlling factor with respect to wheat, -that the p i'e o 1 i c eal is determined by its export price. This is true of the -heat procKict ot !rplus wheat producing countries, the Liverpool and London markets rule the World. ,-pl Canadian g rain merchants enter those markets and compete for the sale ol their merchan- dize That they are able to do this without curtailing the requirements of civilized labor is a plendid commentary upon the enterprise and ingenuity of our merchants, exerted m an ill T a»4 HOARD OF TRAD Ho.rUsof IraUoma,kola.ulwIu,uant the market exclusivolv for :hemselvcs. or who i ome .ns,.,cos^ aro worki.,, ,or ,oroi^„ capi.alis.s. with who.n .l.ir nnan.ial , Jr^^ u, vor> considerable extent ,s closely identified. That such huvers of product should L "u.nent have any standin^^ on this point is stran^^e. It is onlv accounted for by he ac "-' '"ankuu ,s ben, on ^ain. and at (Irs, is easily intatuated. and without thouj^l t, y .heme wh.ch clauns to enrich , hem. What is commerce:^ I. is the working" ot of laws ol supply and demand. Men hear that there are certain things in cert.'n di , He i ! BOARD OF TRADE HOUVEmR NUMIIKR, M- Ihcmselvos, nr who, in leir (iimiuiiil inlorost tn a I'f proiliu-t should for a ccounted for by tlic fact without thinij,'-ht, by any s the working,'- out of tin.- iin},'-s ill certain districts that ihey want. They jjo themselves or send monev into those districts. Or tiioN liru! tini the.' have thin^^s in their hands that ar. needed by other people, and thev send those thinus to other people or they «:o themselves. C-ommerce is not ideal ; it is not ■, holief commerce IS a real thinK^ It is the contact of man with man. of people with people ^.i nations w.thnation.s, and if commerce be conducted in the right spirit, the just spirit ',he magnammous .spirit, the charitable spirit, the intellij,a-nt spirit, it is one of theU'itest forces that can be at w^Mk lor promoting- a true, real civilization. BOARD 01' IRADF SOUVENIR NUA. WILLIAM CHRISTIH. Mr. Wn i.iAM Christie, grain buyer, 383 Berkeley street, is a sturdy Scotchm;in and proud of the fact. He is a son of James Christie, a farmer, and was born' at Ridhali in the Carse of Stirlintj, in 1S43, within two miles of the battlefield of Bannockburn, o\ er which he hns ploutjhed on several occasions. He was educated at Bannockburn, and until he came to Canada in 1865 he the farm. The first thins;' arrived in Canada was to I'enlans who raided Fort tlion worked for lliree months Peninsula for fourteen which he came to Toronto buy grain and has been so he lirst started Mr. Christie tending the market. He land, of Newmarket ; then Grassett, of Toronto ; then Toronto, and is buying- for handles grain for Crane sK: ingf barley for the iJommion who will pay him a commis- Master .Mason, and was i he remained with his father on Mr. Christie did after he have a hand in driving the Erie back to Buffalo. He on a farm in the Xiagara dollars a month. .'Xfter and went on the market to engaged ever since. Since has never lost a day in ai- first boug^ht for Mr. Suther- for Messrs. Haggerty & for McLaugiilin i^.- Sloore, of them still. Mr. Christie also Baird, and at present is bu\- Brewery, and oats for an\one sion to do so. He is a first vice-president of the Caledonian Society and has been president of the Mutual Street Curling Club. He joined the Board of Trade in 1SS5 and is a Reformer in politics. Mr. Christie is a keen Scotchman but jovial in disposition and one who by steady application has got along- in the world. Mk. J.\mi;s streets, is of lui descended from Weston, Ont. acquired his edi Township, ant Mr. Farr rema at Weston ui then rented a f he paid for in worked his far the villag-e of also buying g Matthews, of To city and starte corner of Royce placed in charge seeds on con coming- to Toro but was luck\- e collapse in valu member of the '. trustee for the ; daughter of Wil F. Jarett, of Toi CAVAN.AGH & SPIXK. The firm of Cavanagh & Spink is one well known in the grain trade of Toronto and has a record of a very creditable ^hare of tlie largfe volume oi business wiiich has been handled bv the grain merchants and millers of this city, their specialty being Manitoba grain. Tlie immediate subject of this sketch, -Mr. Fkxwick Proctor Simnk. is a native of this countr\-, ha\ing; been King, 22nd February, i8()5. the grain and nulling; business but principall} in AUiston. primary education in the finished his studies, including- ci-)urse, at Pickering- College, fa' her in 18S0 lie commenced find him imturally turning- business and on the '3th day the employ of W. & J. Spink, lie learned all the details o'^ In 1883 he removed to To- conneclion with the firm, the changed to Spink Bros, until i8i)o, Mr. Spink com- account about June of the born in the Township oi His lather was engaged in in various towns in Ontario, .Mr. F. P. Spink received his public schools at .\liiston and a thorough commercial Pickering. On the death ofhis his business career and we his attention to his father's of July oi that year he entered Pickering, as a clerk, where the grain and milling trade, roiito, slill continuing his s'lvle at this time bein^ .After remaining with thi.m menced business on his own same vear, with Mr. .A. Cavanagh as his partner, the firm being known under its present title of Cavanag-h & Spink. The present oflices in the Board of Trade have been occupied since February i8qi. in the l'"all of i8(ji Mr. Cavanagh went to Winnipeg and opened a branch oflice there. .Mr. Spink joi led the Board of Trade in 1891. The firm oi of .Mr. B. P. .Ml fourteen years ;i made a specialt Pacific Railwa\ ness in order th class heavy i elevators, all 01 Burketon, and Their next larg-( modate about 8( Arthur, v ivan the Mc Kin ley of course, beer firm turned thei markets, whicli handle all cla^ to the cleai equipped witii purpose. Besi titles of peas, for the higher c try, and have si most modern ot represented in V SOUVENIR NUMBER. "'~r JAMKS KVERETT FARK. Mr. Jamks I"-vi:i ^ member of the Township Council of Pitohicoke for some years and was a public school trustee for the same township several terms. In 1869 he first married Miss Lambert, daughter of William Lambert, of Haldimand, and on her decease he married, in 1889, Miss l-;. Jarett, of Toronto. Mr. P"arr became a member of the Board of Trade in 1890. W. J. McKAY & CO. The firm of j. H. McKay & Co., Cirain Merchants, 28 Wellington street east, consists of Mr. B. P. McKay and Mr. William ). McKay. It was established about twelve or fourteen years ago, and as barle_> was then the leading exjiort product of Ontario, they made a specialty of that grain and erected large elevators along the line of the Canadian Pacific Railway, east of To- . — , ronto, to facilitate their busi- ness in order that they might class heavy article. The elevators, all on theC. P. R., Burketon, and has a capacity Their next largest elevator is modate about 80,000 bushels. Arthur, v ivanville, Clare- the McKinley Hill came into of course, been curtailed, in firm turned their attention to markets, which they now do handle all classes of grain to the cleaning of the equipped with the most im- purpose. Besides grain, the titles of peas, and owing to clean and turn out a first firm operates six large the largest oi which is at ot about 100,000 bushels, at Myrtle, which can accom- The other elevators are at mont and Locust Hill. Since force, their barley trade has, consecpience o'i which the exporting grain to the British to a \ cry large extent. They and pay especial attention same, their elevators being proved machinery for this iirm handles immense quan- the demand from Rurop for the higher class, have tiwned their attention to the exporting of the same to that coiui- trv, and have so far met with fiattering results. The elevators of tiiis firm are considered the most modern of any in Ontario, and have been copied by several other dealers. The firm is represented in England by Mr. E. B. McKay, who is also a member of the Board of Trad j. 2l6 BOARD OF TRAi AMKS VAN SOMMIiR. Mk. Ja.mks \ an Sommkr, Grain Merchant, 34 Vonj^e street, Toronto, is an Knglisl man by hirtli, and was born at Tottcrham in I1S34. He is the eldest son of Mr. James Va Sommer of Wimbleton and Xew Inn, London. The subject ic^'i this si;o different occasions its Presi- its amalj^amation with the had been a member for a active part in all that per- Vice-President of the Amal- at the end of his term. He j !«- 1 1 1^ k ^ w a few years business trainin<^- with his father, he came his wife in 1856, entered the business of Mr. Jas Vouni,'-, a partnership with Mr. name of Swan & Galbrailh. and Mr. Cialbraith has ever business, and is known as a aijent far beyond his own He was one of the ori^in- o\' this city, and was on four dent, and up to the time ot Hoard of Trade, of which he number of \ ears, took a very tained to iv. He was the first i^amated bodies, but retired has been Chairman o'i the Hoard of Arbitration for a number of years. He is Chairman of the Flour Section of the Hoard of Trade and Treasurer of the Dominion Millers' .Association. He has been a member of St. Andrew's Society since 1857, is a staunch Liberal and a member of Knox Presbyterian Church for the past 36 years. iJo., formerh' Chapman i;lish descent, and was ed at Kint' the joined the Hoard of Trade in 1871) and was president of the Board in 1888 and 1889 and is a member of the Council. Previous to that he was on the Council of the Board for several years and is aijain a number of the Council tliis year. He is one of the examiners in i^rain, a member of the Buildin'v Committee and o\\^ of the Trustees of the Ciratuitv Fund. Mk. .\i,i:x and was left ai School, Jedbui Leitli ; comint the bakins;- bi cousin Mr. .\ only existed W. Christie a he transferred position of ai^t Clark & Co., for some time moved to the West Zorra, durinjf which ditor, scliooi I turned to Toro tie, Brown & Mr. M. Robins, Mr. Brown r ultimately bou tinned the busi had the mills k joined the Bo; Toronto, and i: JOHN \. SPINK. Mk. J. L. SiMNK, miller, room 409, Board ^.'^i Trade Buildinj^, is a son o'i Mr. John Spink, who came to Canada from Fni;land sixty-eii^ht years ai^-o and settled in the Town- ship of King, York County, where he still resides at the advanced age of eighty-eight years. Mr. Spink was born on his father's farm in \'ork County in 1845 and received his education at the public , — schools in the township, with the exception of a short term Toronto. .\t seventeen years his own account and remoxed ing, Ontario County, where milling business, learning the i8b7 he formed a partnership Spink, which continued for during that time owning and at Thorold on the W'elland This p.'irtnership was termi- Thorold mill property sold, operates the mill at Pickering- barrels weekly. He has a Peter street, (Juebec, ami the eastern provinces. Mr. the Township oi Pickering. the municipal and Countv" Council in tiie capacity of Deputy Reeve member ot the Tomnto Corn Hxchange and its vice-president at the time of the amalgama- tion with the Toronto Board of Trade, in 1884, and is now the treasurer ot the organization. ; 1 MS a director of the Millers and Manfr. Ins. Co., and director of the Fire Ins. F:xchange Co. in llie commercial College in oi age he started life on to the 'I'ownship of Picker- he went into the flour and trade in all its details. in with his brother, William twenty-three years, the firm operating large fiouring mills Canal and also at Pickering, nated 'ns'i years ago and the Mr. Spink still owns and whicii has a capacity oi 2,000 branch olfice at No. 113 St. docs a \ery large trade in Spink, while a resident 'of was for a time a member of He was a charter Mk. John born in the '\o' of Melrose, Sc( baking busines finally returnii- Christie, Brow sketch acquit house in Wes and aflv^rward^ and Universit; was entering Q.C., where went to Chicas cashier in the & Co. for so Illinois Centr;i to Toronto ai zens Milling ( chased the mill tions. In i8h took in as pai name remaini Mr. Brown jo member o{ the He was al.so DE SOUVENIR NUMBER. 21' ALEXANDER HROWN. Mu. Ai.Hx. HiunvN, was born ill tlic CoLintN of Berwick, Scotland, February 3rd, 1828, and was left an orphan in 1837. He was educated at Earlston, Melrose, and the Grammer School, jedburjjh. Afi.'. ioavini^- school he spent 8 years in law oflices in Melrose and Leith; cominj^ to Canada and scttlini;- in Toronto in 184(1. the bakinfj business in this cousin Mr. A. Mathers, as only existed a short time, W. Christie and carried on he transferred his interest to position of ajjent and hnan- Clark & Co., of their New- tor some time was ens^a^ed moved to the County of Ox- West Zorra, where he re- durin^- which time he filled ditor, school trustee, reeve, turned to Toronto to his old tie. Brown & Co., retirint;- Mr. M. Robins, under the firm Mr. Brown ran the Hour ultimately bought out Mr. tinned the business under the name of .Alex. Brown & Co., but for the last seven years has had the mills leased to his son John and his partners J. Reed and Ci. Hamilton. Mr. Brown joined the Board of Trade in 1884. He is President of the Single Tax Association of Toronto, and is a disciple of Henry George. In politics he is a Radical Reformer. .Mr. lirown first engaged in city in partnership with his .Mathers & Brown, which alter which he took in Mr. the business till 1852 when Mr. Christie and took the cial manager for W. A. market Woollen Mills, and ill other lines. In 1857 he re- ford and bought a farm in nuined about twelve years, various township offices, au- ctc. In 1868 he again re- business in the firm of Chris- again in 1878. In 1881, with name of Robins & Brown, mills on Elizabeth street, and Robins' interest and con- JOHN BROWN. Mk. John Bkowx, head of the Citizens Milling Co., 11 and 13 Elizabeth street, was born in the Township of West Zorra, October 21st, 1850. His father, who was a native of Melrose, Scotland, settled in the City of Toronto in 1840, where he engaged in the baking business, was also Manager of a woollen mill in Newmarket, and other businesses, finall>' returning to Toronto ._ , .'kuI entering the firm of Cliristie, Brown iv Co. as a sketch acquired his edu- house in West Zorra, then and afterwards at the Jarvis and University College, To- was entering the law ofiice Q.C., where he remained went to Chicago and drifted cashier in the large commis- & Co. for some time, and Illinois Central Railway Co. to Toronto and entered his zens Milling Co., his father chased the mill, when he took tions. In 18S5 Mr. Brown took in as partners Messrs. name remaining Alex. Brown X; Co., though generallv known as the Citizens Milling' Co, Mr. Brown joined the Board of Trade in 1883, was a member of the Council in 1891, a member of the Executive Committee of the Millers and Wiiolesale l-'Iour Merchants Section. He was also for a number of years \'ice-Fresident of the Dominion Millers Association. piirtner. The subject of this cation, first in fi log school at the old V'orkville School, Street Collegiate Institute roiito. His first step in life o'i the late N. G. Bigelow, but a short time, when he into business. He was sion house of W. D. Crosby was then employed by the In 1880 Mr. Brown returned lather's employ in the Citi- having in the meantime pur- charge of the sales and collec- bought out his father :ind Reed and Hamilton, the firm ip i li 2l8 BOARD OF TRADE J.\MI-:s I'.ROVVN. Il \ \ i p: I Hi \m I! 1 ! Mr. Jamks Hkoun, 502 Church street, one of the best known grain buyers in tlie city, is a Canadian by birth, and was born on lot \o. 6, Concession 5, in tiie Township of Vaujjhan, Yori< County, Ont., in 1841. Mr. Brown is tlio youngest son of a family oi three children, one of his brothers ha\ iiiif been a doctor practising his profession in Toronto. Both his father and his were staunch llnited Empire subjects of Queen \'ictoria, flag. After acquiring his .schools in Vaughan Town- sketch, worked on a farm on Vaughan, for several jears. gaged with his cousin, Mr. business, remaining with years. When thirty-four to this city, and for the la^t ployed as a grain buyer tor D. Matthews & Co.' This by the late Mr. VV. IX sent head of the firm. It ness, and runs malting estab- States and Canada. .Mr. the Hoard of Trade in 1SS5. father's father before him r.oyalists, proud of being and to live under the Hrilish education in the public ship, the subject of this lot \o. 0, 5th Concession of On leaving the farm he en- Michael Brown, in the cattle that gentleman about seven years of age Mr. Brown came fourteen years lias been em- the well known firm oi W. firm was established in 1836, Matthews, father of the pre- does a \ery large grain busi- lishments, both in the United Brown became a member o^ In politics he was at one time a supporter of the Dominion (lovernment, but of late years he has become a strong supporter of the Reform party, but Mr. Brown emphatically wishes it iniderstood that he is not a machine Reformer or a Cirit. Mr. Brown is a hale, hearty gentleman in the prime o( life. ali:x.a\i)i;r carihr. Mr. ALKX.WDiiR C.XHTER, head oi the firm o'i Messrs. Carter & Co., grain and pro- duce dealers, manufacturers of white lime, I'^lora, Ont., is the son of a miller and contrac- tor, and was born at Netherbyres Mill, Berwickshire, Scotland. He came to this country with his mother, live brothers and four sisters in the year ICS47, and settled first at Hamil- ton, where he remained a Guelph. After acquiring his Mr. Carter commenced his and was afterwards three On returning to Canada in Klora, established his piesent ever since. Mr. Carter em- leen men, and deals in grain hay and exports it, manufac- maltster. Mr. Carter became Board of Trade in 1HS6, and former. He is a member oi Workmen, Independent Or- Masonic Order, was one o'i Elora, is chairman \r>'^ the same place and one oi Her Peace. Mr. Carter is well year, and then removed to education in the Royal City, commercial career in Gait, years in the State of Virginia, the year 1875 he settled in business, and has been there ploys from thirteen to seven- and other prodi.ce, presses turing lime and also being a a member of the Toronto in politics he is a staunch Re- the Ancient Order L'nited der of Oddfellows and of the the Town Coimc:!lors ot High School Board o'i the Majesty's Justices of the known throughout the Comi- ty of Wellingion as an honorable business man. He is thoroughly Canadian in sentiment, and has done much to forward the interests of Elora, in the progress of which he has much at .stake. There are few gentlemen in the County of Wellington who are more respected both privately and commercially than the subject of this sketch. 30ARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUMBER. aiii buyers in tlie city, ;, in the Township of est son of ;i family of profession in Toronto. » father before him ts, proud of beinjjf live under the British on in the public :he subject of this . 6, 5th Concession of .'ini;- the farm he en- I Hrown, in the cattle ntieman about seven fai^e Mr. Hrown came n years has been em- 1 known firm of \V. IS established in 1856, ws, father of the pre- \ery lari;e ^rain busi- its, both in the United became a member oi irter of the Dominion the Reform party, but le Reformer or a CJrit. GKORCiK H.\MII/rON. Mr. Gkoroe Hamilton, a member of the Citizens Millint,' Co., Nos. 11 and 13 Kliza- beth street, is the son of the late Rev. Robert Hamilton, at one lime a Baptist Minister at Perth, Ont., and who died at Fenelon Kails while discharijinj,' his duties of Missionary In- spector. The subject oi this sketch was born at Kilmarnock, Scotland, on the jtli of January, 1H40, and came to . , this country with his parents when he was ten years of est education at a private L|uently in Canadian Com- For three years Mt. Hamil- A. McDou^ail, a merchant spent the most of his life in commenced his business ca- ing when eighteen years ot miller of Morton, Ont., with years, learning something o'i ness. From Morton he went ed two years ; then to Port which he was in charge of a years. .-\t the expiration ci\' to Milwaukee for a short age. He obtained his earli- school in luigland and subse- mon and I'ublic Schools, ton was in the employ ot at Smith l-'ails, and has the Province of Ontario, lie rcer in connection with mill- age with Mr. tieorge Morton, whom he remained three all the branches of the busi- to Cobourg where he remain- Hope for two years, after mill at Newmarket for twelve that time Mr. Hamilton went time, and in 1878 entered Milling Co., as foreman, be- the employ of the Citizens '— — ing finally taken into partnership, the other nKmbers of the firm being Mr. John Brow n and -Mr. John Reed. .\lr. Hamilton is a member of the .Ancient Order o[' Oddfellows, a I'reemason and a member of the A.O.U.W. He became a member of the Board of Trade in 1885, and in politics is a Reformer. The Citizens Milling Co. was established in 1878. Co., grain and pro- a miller and contrac- came to this country ettled first at Hamil- nd then removed to n in the Royal City, ;ial career in Gait, the State of \'irginia. 1875 he settled in , and has been there mi thirteen to seven- er produce, presses me and also being a ter of the Toronto s he is a staunch Re- lent Order United ddfellows and o'i the wn Coimc:!lors of chool Board oi the s Justices of the iroughout the Coun- nadian in sentiment, ess o( which he has gton who are more eh. HUGH N. BAIRD. Mr. Htf.H N. B.MRO is a prominent member of the Board of Trade, which organization he joined in 1870. He was President of the Board in 1891-1892, \'ice-President in i8t)o, and Second \'ice-President in i88c). He is also a member o'i the Council oi the Board, Chairman oi the Cirain and Hop Section, and one of the lixaminers in Cirain for the Board. Mr. Baird is a son of Mr. N. , ^ H. Baird, Civil luigineer, of the leading improvements for a number o\' \ears. lie and acquired his education real and in Coburg. He career with the late Mr. tiii- chant, who subsetjuentlv was William Dow & " Co., Baird remained with .Mr. then came to I'pper Canada entering the employ o^ .Mr. ler. Mr. Baird remained and then returned to Monl- present business, entering .\. Crane. The firm carries and Montreal, and has been \ears. The trade done is who was identified with some in Upper and Lower Canada was born at Coburg, Canada, at private schools in Mont- commenced his busines-^ bert Scott of Montreal, mer- connected with the firm oi Brewers, of Montreal. Mr. Scott for three years, and and settled in Paris, Ont., C. Whitelaw, Merchant Mil- about eight years in Paris, real, when he established !iis into partnership with Mr. !•'. on business both in Toronto doing so for the past thirlv _ ^ very large, and the iirm is one o'i the largest exporters oi grai'n in Canada to Great Britain and to all parts of the Furopean Continent. Mr. Baird is largelv interested in sever:il manufacturing and commsrcial enterprises at Paris, Ont., among'them the large fiour mill, under the name of Whitelaw, Baird & Co. BOARD 01' JRADE SOUVENIR NC JOHN in'NDAS FLAVl-Mj:. The Saclk-r. Dimdas & Klavelle Milliiii,' Co. (Mmited), ^^i I.iiulsav, Ont.. ami tlio Dvin- das & l'Mav.:iIe Bros. Company of the same place, jmv iwo of the most imporiaiit iiuiiistiies oi. that llourishiiii^- town. The formor company averatje.s 300 barrels ol' Hour daily, drives employment to between se\entv-five ami one hundred men. cuts about 2,000.000 feet'of i'um- bei annually and owns exion- Dundas i*t l'"ia\ollo Bros., between thirty and forty men women. Mr. John Dlxhas and Secretary of the Sadler, and active partner i^^ Dun- born in the Township <^i July iHth, 1850, where he iirst in the public and sub- He commencetlhis mercantile .Messrs. Cluxt on & Dundas, grain dealers. In 1870 Mr. and Mr. Flavellc became a Dundas tV l-'lavelle Bros. In interest of Mr. Needier in the flour and saw mill owners sive pine limber limits. The ijeneral merchants, employ and from twenty to thirty F1.AVELI.1:, wiio is Manai;er Dundas X: l-'lavelle Co., tias & I''la\clle Hros., was Smith, County ot Peterboro, also acquired his education, sequently in the hii^'h school, career in 18(54, 'i^ '^ clerk for dry tj^oo ds merchants and Cluxton retired from the firm partner under the name o'i 1884 the firm purchased the Hrm of Sadler iV Needier, and Mr. I'lavelie became In i8qo the Sadler, I')undas manai^iiii^ partner of the lirm. & l*"lavelle .Millin \'anstone beca .March 13th, 1893. Fie is Order iif I'nite in politics is ; esteemed by al EDWARD i'i:ri.ow. Mr. EnwARO Pkpi.ow, Miller and Manaijer oi the Rapid Cit\ Mills. Manitoba, was born in the County of Shropshire, I^iiij^land, in 183c). He comes of a lamily of millers, his grandfather and father and his son, ail of them having followed that trade. Mr. Peplow came to this country with his parents in 1849, the family settling ;it Keene in the County ' '" ■ ■" " ■ commenced his mercantile I own o'^ Peterboro, where he iwenty-nine years spent in milling business, Mr. Peplow tered into partnership with o^ Milliard & Peplow, Millers tiie vear 1892 the partner- ihe death of Mr. Hilliard, .Manitoba, and is now mana- mills for (Jeorge McCulloch Hour mill has a capacity of barrels per day, and the one of its kind running at Manitoba. The manufacture principal work done in the wool ;ind no shoddy. Twelve ether. Mr. Peplow became of Peterboro. Mr. Peplow career with his father in the remained six years. .-■. *'ter Port Hope in the grain and went to Peterboro and en- Mr. Hilliard, under the name and Cirain Merchants. In ship was dissolved, owing to and Mr. Peplow went to ging the flour and woollen & Co., at Rapid City. The one hundred and thirty woollen factory is the only present in the Province oi of yarn and blankets is the factory, made from local hands are employed alto- r, ., - . a member of the Board of Trade in 1885, and in politics is a Reformer. He has been President of the Dominion Millers Association, and for ten years was a Harbor Com- missioner at Port Hope, two years a town Councillor, and one year Mayor. Mr. Peplow is a member of the Masonic Order, L'nited Workmen and Royal Arcanum. Though 01 ample out of 11 with the best v ness man as wt knowledge of i holds the res| wheat bu\er o Canada. Mr.V born in the Hi He was etiucat secpiently at I menced hs busi in the firm of hardware mercl pointed man 18S2 he went ti down owing an insight int his return to town of Noi oi Manitoba, v flour mill. In ated the Bran The Dominion Secretary of th DE SOUVENIR NUMBER. 219 .|.\i?i:z c ■^■R^s xansionk. Mr. Jahkz C. V.wstom:, niiimiraL-tiiror of toIIlm- process (lour, ni)\vmanvilie and Tyrone, Ont , was born at. Xcucastlo, Ont., ScptL-nibor 2Stli, 1H53. He acquired his education, first at tlie Tyrone public sciiool and siibsi L|uontly at tiie liowmanville j^rammar school. After niasterin_tr the engaged from 1870 to iS'i the Hoard of Trade, life member of it June 30th, the Independent Order of Oddfellows, and the Ancient He is a councillor for the west ward of Bowmanville, and As a business man and as a private citizen he is highly esteemed by all those u ho know him. CHARI.KS l'.ROOKI': WAITS. Though only thirty-three years o'i age, Mk. C"ii.\ki.i:s H. Watts is but another ex- ample out of many ot how well native born Canadians can hold their own as business men witii the best who come hero from other countries. That he is a thoroughly trained busi- ness man as well as a man of sound judgment and one possessing a technical and practical knowletlge oi milling is evi- holds the responsible posi- wheat bu\ er of The Domin- Canada. Mr. Watts comes of born in the flourishing city He was educated in the first sequently at the Collegiate menced hs business life when in the firm of .-\. Watts iK: hardware merchantsat Brant- pointed manager of the 1882 he went to Cireat Britain down owing to overwork, an insight into the milling his return to Canada, Mr. town o'i Xorquay, Man., of Manitoba, where he man- denced by the fact that he tion of being the central ion Millers' -Association of Knglish parentage, and was of Brantford, Ont., in 1859. |ilace at Brantford, and sub- Institute in (Jalt, and corn- he was nineteen years of age Co., wholesale groirers a.nd I.Md, being subsccjuently ap- branch store at I'aris. In hi< health liaving broken and in that country obtained methods of Ivnyland. On Watts went to the small named after the late Premier aged his father's saw and flour mill. In 1883 Mr. Watts settled in Brantlord, where, with his father, he has oper- ated the Brant Flour Mills. In 1891 Mr. Watts came to Toronto as central buyer of The Dominion Millers' Association of Canada, and is also, and has been since 1892 the .Secretary of the Association. He joined the Board of Trade in 1891. mam 220 H(>ARn OF THAI .1 \^ W. J. Mil-AkLANI). Mk. VV. MiFaki. AM), General Merchant and drain Dealer, Markclale, Ont., lias been very successful business man, the more so w lien the obstacles he has overcome are considers His (iithcr was a boot, shoe ami leather merchant in Montreal, where Mr. Mcl-'arland w; born in 1H42. He came to Canada when a child, and was lor five years at Mellevilli Ont., leaving' that city to lound employment with the Hall, Kinjf street. In iH()j commenced business in the County of Grey at that time wilderness. There was not ty, and very few rouj^h was thick bush or heavy jjrcatesl diHiculty that the while native fruit was un- these drawbacks Mr. Mc- inj^ the first frame house ever business has steadily increas- $fxj,ooo and $75,000 invested ly some 250,000 bushels ol 20,000 lbs. of wool, and has built an elevator oper- come to Toronto, where firm oi Messrs. Howes he went to Markdale, an face of many obstacles. T was but little better than a line of railway in the com roads. Most of the couiili swamp, and it was with I settlers could raise j^raii known. In the face of a Karland set to work, buil( erected in Markdale. Hi ed, and he has now bet wee in it. He purchases annua ^rain ; ()o,ooo lbs. of buttei 200,000 lbs. dressed hoj^. 1 1 ated by steam, with a cap; city of 80, Of JO bushtis, and employs fourteen salesmen, and eijiht assistants. He was hr Reeve of Markdale, and held it by acclamation for four vears, and then rclired, and ha been postmaster oi the village lor thiriy \eats. Mr. McFarland became a member of tli Board of Trade in i8 abt>ut 8170,000. .\t Hart taught school in Kee- years, during which period For sixteen ye;irs he has surer oi Alliston, and is coii- tural Society as Secretary and Treasurer. Mr. Hart became a member o^ the IJoard of Trade in 18S5, and is a member o'i the (Iratuity I'\uhI. In politics he is a Liberal-Conservative. Mr. Hart acquired his education in the public school. Township of .Adjala, section 5. .As a business man and as a private individual he has won the respect of all. is a native Canadian of c from Inverara, .Argyle- he came to Canada and farmer and miller. He bell is descended from as born at '^idgetown, ublic school at Morpeth, .After leaving school of New \'ork, where Returning to Canada g business until he afterwards (or three with his brother, his removed to Chatham Mills, which he ran of .A. Campbell & Co., then remodelled, a new new mill was built, taking another partner, until 1892, when he to Toronto. On the ill at Toronto Junction t commenced July ist, led the Board of Trade THOMAS Mclaughlin. Mk. Tiiom.as Mi'L.\ii;iilin, Flour and Grain Merchant, Room No. 210, Hoard o'i Trade Building, is a son of the late Michael McLaughlin, Esq., one of the earliest miller-s of I'pper Canada, and a gentleman who for upwards o( half a century carried on business at Mono Mills, in the County of Simcoe. The subject of this sketch was born at Mono Mills in 1854, and spent his ^ boyhood there. He acquired his education at the Toronto ToroiUo University. For lin was connected with his life on his own account in came a member of the Board has held several important Board, but the close atteii- business leaves him very side afliairs. Mr. McLaugh- and is o\\*i of the most in the Province of Ontario, business his special atten- No. 50 St. Paul street, Quo- his F.istern Province Flour sive. He is also a large Normal School and at several years .Mr. .McLaugh- lather's business, starling Toronto in 1882. He be- of Trade the same year, and ollices in connection with the tion demanded by his own little time to devote to out- lin does a large business extensive shippers ot Hour giving this branch oi his tion. He has an oHice at bee, for the Management of Trade, which is very exten- dealer in mill feed and 1 yood trade and connection man coarse grains, besides having in Manitoba and Ontario Milling wheat. Both in private life and as a busines Mr. McLaughlin is held in great esteem as an honorable and straighforward gentle man. He is a warm advocate of Protection to Canadian industries, and a s'taunc:! supporter of British connection. HOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR WAI.TKU THOMSON. .Mk. Wai.hik TiU)MSi>N, inillor and j^rain mcrcliant, Mitchell and London, Ont., is a native of Scotland and was born in ilie town of Kelso. May j^rd, iH^s- Diirinjf the year 1H43 he came to tiiis eonnlrv with his parents, who first settled on theHiiniber river, near the city of Toronto, removin;,j later to Meachville. C'onnly of Oxford. .Alter leavinj,' school at Heachvillc, the suhject o< , our sketch removed to Inner- sUip and from there to remained actively en j^aj^ed in for a period di twenty-eii^ht owns a larjje oatmeal mill at j^o barrels per day. also split peas and in pot barley, hands are employed in the .Mitchell is a \\\x^\: <>i\-\\^ and owns and operates a j^rain The mill has a capacity oi employment is •,'-iven to four- pressing business. twelve Thomson is a member of the is a trustee ot the High and became a member oi the the year iScSS and in politics member of St. .Andrew's Societv .Mitchell, where he has themillin};^ and },'rain business years. Mr. Thomson also London with a capacity oi tloing a lar}.;e business in milling and grain. Sixteen London mill. The mill at in addition Mr. Thomson elevator in the same town. i_\S barrels per day and teen haiuls. In the ha}' men are empkiyed. .Mr. .■^litchell Town Council and Public School Hoards. He roronto Hoard oi Trade in is a Reformer. He is a .. . , diichell and its neighborhood, in the t'ounty oi Perth and in London is well known and highiv esteemed for his social and business (.pialities. .Mr. Tiiomson is well known to most of the members of the Toronto Hoard ci{ Trade, connected with the grain section. The 11 attention t up, do a li lu.i.is. gra is a nati\ County of the same active p; the war o Academy ; lile career business, Ainsh. T shortly all business t business. before coi successfull mason am pressed to so on ace a member In politics ;'.n active [■ esteem. AHRAHA.M CiRO\ KS. .\1.U. Dr. AuKAiiAM Grovics, miller, I'ergus, Out., is a native of the soil and was born ai Peterborough, Ont., September Sth, 1.S47. His father was a farmer in the same neigliborhood. Dr. Groves acnuired his education at the high school, Fergus, and at Toronto I'niversity. In iSSf) he built the I'ergus Roller Mills and in iSf)o he built the Roller Mills at he afterwards sold to Hon Dr. (Jroves put in the elec- supplied light to Fergus and I'^lora. giving an all night running the Fergus grain diting a very lari,>e busiiess. .Mill and Light Station gi\es ele\ en men. The mill has a barrels per day. and the complete and consists of arc machine, one 550 light cent machine and ov\q 300 al tenia I or. Dr. Groves is Odd l-"ellows, Independent Royal Templars of Temper- lier of the Fergus Municipal .Austin, .Manitoba, which VV.ilter Clifford. In iHc)i trie machinery in h'ergus and I lie neighboring town i^i service. In 1892 he began ilevator and at present is The Fergus Roller I'lour constant employment to capacity of one hundred electric light plant is very one iifty-five light Reliance Reliance str.-iight incandes- light Thomson Houston a member of the A.I"\.A..M., Order of Foresters and ance. He has been a mem- Council and was iinally elected Reeve. At present he is chairman of the Fergus Board of ICducation and surgeon to the Wellington Counfv House of Industry. Dr. Ciroves joined the Toronto Hoard of Trade in iSSf) and poli'tically is perfectly Independent. He still carries on the practice of his profession, devoting a great deal of attention to surgery. .Acci>r Dominion invested S52, 307.4- the labor severiil tin affects tlu country ;i the miller been succ Bolton, C Township i8-,S, a IK Mr. McF ship, and not as cla^ they coul ly.' Mr. Kleinburi. at their m at Thori rented in does a me wheat am^ of Trade i TRADE SOUVENIR NUMBER, aai r3.\VII) OCIDKN KM, IS. The lli)iir, ^raiii and inilliii}^ iiuliislry of Toronto is a most important one, eiifjaj^in)^ the attention ol a number ot ilealers, many of whom, now that the North-west has been opened up, do a larj^e business in tlie cereals from that part <\{ the Dominion. Mk. David 0(ii>KN Ki.i.is, i^rain mercliant. Room 304, Hoard of Trade Huiidin>,', is i.>x\\: of these merchants. He is a native of the soil and | was born near Hespeler, County of Waterloo, in iH4(). the same county aiul iiis active part against tiie the war oS. iSij. After ac- Acadeni)' at Rockwood, Mr. tile career in 1KH3 in this city business, associating^ with Ainsh. Tile partnersiiip was shortly altervvards .Mr. I'.liis business to his partner and business, of which he had before comini,'' to Toronto, successfully enj^'aged ever mason and a I'"orester, and pressed to take ollice in bolli so on account of the pres- llis father was a farmer in f^raiulfathee took a very American filibusters during' (■luiriiif,'^ his education at the I'illis commenced liis mercan- in the book and stationery him as a partner Mr. Mc- not i.-^^ loii}^ duration, far sold out his interest in the embarked in his present acquired some knowledge and in which he has been since. Mr. i'^llis is a Krce- ilunitjh he has often been societies has refused doing sure of business. He became a member i.-^'i the Hoard of Trade in iHtjj ;md is a nieniber of the f^Tain section of the Hoard. In politics .\lr. KIlis is a staunch Conservative and in the past has fouj^ht hard and taken an active part in miny a hard fought election. Among business men he is held in high esteem. ANDRKW .Mil'Al.L. .According to the C'aiiadian census taken in iS()i, tliere are 4,3H4 millers in the Dominion of Canada. In the same year, and quoliiiL,'' the same authority, the capital invested in Hour mills was $23,128,471, and the value oi the .innual product was $52,307,429. The grain and ni>ur business (^{ Canada is a most important industry and the labor of these 4,3kew McFali. of Ont. He was born in the Nork, Ont., December i6ih, farmer of that township. a log academy in that town- lessors in those days were high as they are to-day. still the scholars just as vigorous- school was employed at for H. S. Howland & Co., business on his own accour.t Hrunskill Mill, which he In 1881 he bousjln the .\lbion Mills at Holton. Mr. McFall does a merchant and exchange trade of some So,ooo bushels jinnually, bes'des handl'ng wheat and other grain to the extent of 80,000 bushels more. Mr. Mcl'"all joined the Board of Trade in 1884, and in politics is a staunch Conservative. 222 BOARD OF TRADi FRKP. I,. CJRKI-N. Mr. Fkko. L. Grken, Miller and proprietor ^-si the Greenwood Roller Mills, Cireen- wood, Out., is of En»>^lisli descent, and was horn at Cireenwc .id, June 28th, 1864. Hei comes of a long line of millers, beini:;- the fifth or sixth ijeneration of them in direct and continuous line, his ft refathers haviiii;- all followed lliat trade in luigland. There is still | country belonging- to the milling days and the old though, of course, it is not acquired his education at the pleled it in the Toronto completing his education he Cireenwood, the same which having learnt the trade, Mr. the mill of Mr. J. C. Wilson, Spink it Lawson's Mill at Messrs. A. B. Raymond iV The Cireenwood Flour Mill barrels per day. Mr. Green Greenwood, in which he an old windmill in that family, a relic o'i the old system of grinding wheat, running now. Mr. Green Greenwood school, am' com- Collegiate Institute. After learnt his trade in the mill at he is now running. After Green worked for a time in at Ficton ; then at Messrs. Thorold, and then with Co. of Adams Basin, N.\'. has a capacity of one hundred also has an oatmeal mill at makes all grades of oatmeal, barley, rolled wheat, etc. giving especial attention to twelve men. Mr. Green became a member of the Hoard of Trade in 1S88, and in politics is a Conservative. He is a member of the Independent Order of Foresters, of which he is a C. D. H. C. R. He is a gentleman widely known and much respected in the neighbor- hood in which he resides. corn meal, pot and pearl He also works a large farm, dairying, and employing FDWARI) ADA.MSON. 8 Ml i il Mk. Fdwaki) Aoamson, Government Grain Inspector for the Toronto District, is the fourth son of ex- Alderman William .-\damson, and was born June 4th, 1865. His father represented old St. David's Ward in the City Council for twenty-two years, resigning about eight years ago. He was also prominent in Orange circles and for seventeen con- secutive years was elected County Master for Toronto, until succeeded by ex-Mayor subject of this sketch was after leaving which he enter- the Fsplanade in i8S(), premi- nians as Adamson's Wharf. schooling in the grain busi- fitted him for the important Adamson has always taken sports and is no mean athlete between 15 and it) years of other young companior,, pad- ton, it being a dead calm, the second prize in the race Hamilton Was. When quite Amateur Rowing Club when His first race was between F. 1-". Clarke. M.l'.P. The educated at Dufferin School, ed his father's warehouse ow ses well known to Toronto- He there received a thorough ness, a knowledge which position he now holds. .Mr. great interest in all athletic himself. In i88o, when a lad age, he, together with an- dleil from Toronto to Ilamil- anil succeeded in capturing for third-class yachts on yoiuig he joined the Don the Club was in its infancy, himself and Thomas Swans- ton, against 'he late Champion O'Connor and his cousin on Toronto Hay, Mr. .\damson and his partner being victorious. He is a member of the Orange Order and became a member of the Board of Trade in 1892. He received his present appointment from the Dominion Government in Septembi'r i8()i. In politics he is a Conservative. OARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUMBhK STARK BROS, it CO. Roller Mills. Green- iiie 28th, ia\vson's Mill at A. B. Raymond & Kenwood I-'lour Mill )er day. Mr. Green lod, in which he a!, pot and pearl works a large farm, , and employini;- 1H88, and in politics esters, of which he is ed in the neighbor- mto District, is the [i, 18(13. His father ^vo years, resig'ning or sexenteei'i con- laster for Toronto, arUe. M.P.P. The at Dull'erin School, her's warehouse on Iknown to Toronto- Ireceiv od a thoroug'h l and commenced iiis business career about twenty-live years ago, as a general merchant in Lefroy. He settled in Toronto seven years aj^o as a grain merchant, and has followed the business ever since. He is also a partner in the firm of J. C. McKeggie iS: Co., Bankers at Barrie, Unt., with olfices at Stayner and l^lmvale. the other partner in the firm being his brother, Mr. James H. McKeggie. He has held no public ofiice. He joined the Board of Trade in 1885, and is a Liberal in politics. He is a member of the Westminster Presbvterian Church, Toronto. BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NU. JAMKS \K[.SO\ I'KKR. Mk. Jamks Xei.son Pi:i:k. head ot the lirm oi Messrs. Peered: Co., Flour and tlrain Merchants, room 500, Hoard i.s'i Trade Hiiildinj^-, lias liad a Ions;- and wide experience of the business both in London and in Hranllord, before cominy to Toronto. He is a son oi Mr. Charles Peer, a farmer in the Township i^S. Nelson, Ont..' in which township the subject of After acquirinii;' his primary and subsecjuently at the to, Mr. Peer commenced his tliis sketch was born in 1S43 education at a local school. Commercial Collcj^e, Toron- career 111 nSji in the strain firm of Messrs. Plewes and maining with the firm for a ing London he went to in the same line of business being in each case one of the 1SS4 he came to this city and with the firm of Messrs. W. expiration of that period, or own account in his present perience acquired by Mr. into his business a full departmi. ills, being conver- the flour and grain business and milling business with the Peer, o'i London, Ont., re- jieriod of eight years. Leav- Hrantford, where he engaged with Mr. Havid i'iewes, partners of the Ih-m. In lor a couple of years was P. Howland & Co. At the in 1S86, he started on his business. The practical ex- Peer enables him to bring knowledge of its various sant with every branch of Mr. Peer has been an active member of tiie Board of Trade since he became a member of it in 1885. For about fne years he was a member of the i^oard of Examiners for flour and meal, and is a member of the Kxecutive Committee of the Millers and Wholesale i'iour Merchants Section. In politics he is a Reformer, but takes no acti\e interest in such matters. A gentlem and to the busi thri\ing manuf Mr. lulmondso of York, Dece was a well k leaving school in the year i mill of Messr four years, town of Oshau he operated eij; during the mor operating the on a very largi power for the carries on a \ bakery, which loaves oi brea siderable time Oshawa. At town and pres he occupied tl Mr. Fdmondso in pi>litics he is jO.SKPH S.MITH. .Mk. Joskph Smith, tirain Dealer of Toronto Junction, was born at luigely, X'aughan Township, Ontario, on August 9th, 1848. The family originally came from the other side of the line, the grandfather hailing from Pennsylvania, and settling in X'aughan, where he followed the pursuit of farming. .Mr. Smith's father, now deceased, also followed farming in the same township. The , subject o'i this sketch was educated at the public school school worked on his father's cattle de;ding and stock feed- in 1880 he nnned to Toronto ness in which he established he rep'.o\ed his headquarters retaining the Aurora branch, the farm has stood him in enterprises undertaken by there gained o'i stock and successfully compete in the try, and to build up a pros- is even more dillicult o'i former, '''he location of the business, ai Toronto Junction thriving place is now be- at I'^dgely, and after leaving farm, engaging besides in ing for oKl country markets, and went into the j^rain busi- a branch in Aurora. in 1888 to Toronto Junction, still .Mr. Smith's early training on i^i:f^>i\ stead in the \arious him, the practical knowledge grain having enabled him to cattle trade to the old coun- perous grain business, which accomplishment than the headquarters of the present was a wise mine, as that coming an important freight centre in Ontario. Mr. Smith's value as a public man has also been recognized, for in lanuarv 1 89-, he was elected a school trustee for the "Junction," and is counted owq of the sol'id men o'i that prosperous town. Mr. Smith is a member of the Ciranite Lodge, A. O. r. \V., and joined the i^oard of 'IVade in 1883. In politics he is a Reformer. Mk. Ai.o.N Hlenheim, Cou in that district Ohio, when tin in the .Army and being pro cer. Durint, ton took a fail some excitiiii; 18W) he return in the \illage 1 the Wolvert troyed by tire, a saw and hea enjoys a \ery i'rovitice oi most complet ha\e a capacit night and da\ fifteen men. W'olverton t esteemed thro a Magistrate. ; member of the verton is not ; ALONZO WOLVHRTON. n DE SOUVENIR NUMBER. 223 ELI SMITH KDMONDSON. A fjentleman well known to the members ot the jj^rain section of the Board ot Trade and to the business men of the Coimty of Ontario and more particularly to those of the thriving manufacturing^ town of Osliawa, is Mu. V.\.\ Smith lioMONiisoN, miller of Oshavva. Mr. lulmondson is a native Canatlian and was born in tiie Township of l^bobicoke, County of York, December iqth, in | 1 the year 1S59. His father was a well known farmer, leaving school the subject oi in the \ear 187c) where he mill of Messrs. 0<^il\'ie, oS. four years. During the town of Oshawa and bought he operated eight years when during the month of Seplem- operating the Gibbs flour on a very large business. At power for the Oshawa Elec- carries on a wood business bakery, which has a weekly loaves of bread. Mr. Kd- siderable time to the public Oshawa. At present he is lumberman and miller. After this sketch went to Goderich was employed in the flour Montreal, for a period of \ear 18S3 he moved to the the Ciibbs Rour mill.s which the mills were burnt down ber, in the year 1891. While mill Mr. Kdmondson carried present he supplies the trie Light &: Power Co., in that town and operates a average output of over 5,000 mondson has devoted con- inlerests of the town of fust Deputy Reeve of the town and president of the Oshawa Electric Light &; Power Co. During the year 1892 he occupied the position of second \ ice-president of the Dominion Millers Association. Mr. I'klmondson became a member of the Toronto Board oi Trade March i8th, 1886, and in politics he is a Reformer. Mk. Alonzo \Voi,vi:k roN, miller, Wolverlon, Ont., was born in the township of Blenheim, County of Oxford, Ont., his father iiaving been engaged in the lumber business in that district. During tlie year 1861 Mr. Wolverton was attending school at Cleveland, Ohio, when the .American civil war broke out. He left the school and enlisted as a private in the .Army of the XortJi, , -^ 1 serving all through the war, and being promoted until he cer. During the years the ton took a fair share oi its some exciting experiences. i8(i() he returned to Canada, in the village of Wolverton. the Wolverton h'louring troyed by lire, and has since a saw and heading mill. The enjoys a very high reputation Province of Ontario. The most complete full roller have a capacity of 200 barrels night and dav H the year fifteen men. Mr. Wolverton Wolverton for the last became a commissioned oiTi- rebellion lasted Mr. Wolver- liardships and passed through At the close of the war in and opened a general store '\\\o years later he rebuilt Mills, which had been des- operated them together with VVolverlon Milling Company among the millers of the mills themselves are the mills in the Dominion, and daily, and are kept running round, giving employment to has been the postmaster at twenty years, and is highly esteemed throughout the district, both as a private individual, and a business man. He is a Magistrate, and President and Manager of the Wolverton Milling Co. He became a member of the Toronto Board of Trade in i8S(), and in politics is a Reformer. Mr. Wol- verton is not a member of anv society, and has never sought or filled any public olTices. t i f I 224 BOARD OF TliA/X VlXCi: NT DlvNNE. The Town of Newmarket, Mie County town of ^'orU, situated thirty-four miles f'ronj Toronto, on the northern division oi tiie Grand Truniv Railway, is a busy, thriving place with a population of something over 2,000 inhabitants. It is admirably situated in the centre ot a fine agricultural country, the farmers of which claim it to be the best in OntaiioJ ber of manufactories, and! buildings, churches of alll line appearance as seen fromi dusirics carried on in the! Newmarket contains a num with its public and private denominations, presents a the train. Among the in- lown is the milling business is the son of an English County of Kent, England, out to this country alone in acquiring an education in went to Thorniiill where he on the business of a hulcher. went to Aurora, where he 1852, 1853 and 1854, still business of a butcher. In Newmarket, carrying on the thirteen years, and in 1868 ness of milling and handlini.' o'i Mr. N'ixlknt Dknnk. Hel farmer, and was born in the June i2th, 1825. He came' the year 1847, and after the township of N'aughan, he remained for a year carrying I'Vom Thornhill Mr. Denne remained during the years engaged in carrying on the the year 1855 he located in business of a butcher for establisliing his present busi- i-rain. His 'loiw mill has a capacity of two hundred and hitv barrels daily, and the annual amount of business transacted is $150,000, and is steadily increasing, giving empiovment to seven men. Mr. Denne became a member of the Toronto Board of Trade, Marcii 18th, i88<), and in politics is a Liberal-Conservative. He is well known in Newmarket and its neighborhood. m ELIAS \V1;H1:R HI\(1E.MAN SXIDER, M.l'.P. Mr. Ei.iAS W. B. Sniiiek, .M.P. P., miller, St. Jacob's, Ont., was born in the town of Waterloo, June 19th, 1842. After leaving school at Waterloo, he operated the Cierman Mills, three miles south of Berlin, on shares with his father, from 1864 to January ist, 1871, and was also owner and operated a small steam mill in Berlin from 1S68 to 1871, On the first of January 1871, Jacobs flour mills, and has sent time, together with the the year 1876. The gradual was first introduced into in the year 1862, while tho serving his apprenticeshiji due to his influence more that the system was sti int in- troduced the first roller mill from .Austria. Owing to the (lour business, the present is lei-s than it has been in about 32,000 barrels were mills. The mill at St. sides storage, and the Pin- ten to twelve men are em- .Mr. Snider bought the St. operated them up to the pre- new Dundee flour mills, since reduction s\stem in milling Canada at the (lerman mills, subject of this sketch was there, and it was probably than from any other cause duced. .Mr. Snider also in- into Canada in the year 1875 general depression in the output of Mr. .Snider's mills former years. Last year only manufactured in the two Jacob's is 40 x 63 feet be- dee mill is 40 x 80 feet. From ployed. Mr. Snider has re- presented the North Ritiing of Waterloo, in the Ontario F.egislativ e .\ssembly, from 1881 to the present time. He is President of the Waterloo Manufacturing (.'o.. Snider Lumber Co., and is a Director of the Mercantile hire Insurance Co., Waterloo. He became a member of the Board of Trade in i88(), and in politics is a Liberal-Reformer. 3 CARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUMBER thirty-four miles from . busy, thriving place, lirably situated in the be the best in Ontario. manufactories, and js, churches of all )earance as seen from i carried on in the NiNiKNT Dknnh. He and was born in the 2th, 1S25. He came iir 1S47, and after nship of X'aiiyhan, he ?d tor a year carrying rhorniiill Mr. Denne h1 during the years d in carrying on the ir 1S33 he located in s of a butcher for ;!iing his present busi- His Hour mill has a I amount iif business t to se\en men. Mr. 1, iSS<), and in politics neighborhood. JOHN JA.\II-:S MiHAIN. Canada is essentially the young man's country the younger citizens largely control its mercantile and industrial interests, a fact which applies to the subject of this sketch. The experience and ability which Mk. MiH.mn so successtully applies to the management of his important business'iii Peterborough were gained while he was associated with liis ... '. . . . .1 T.,. u:^ „>■*• :., .L>.- handling; an\' one father. He was born in the and is second son of the carried on a grain and pro- and successfully in Port borough, the son entering in 1H73. At this time the panded, the firm duce business at retirement of Mr. VVm. Mc- brother, Mr. W. H. McHain associated with him. In ciates retired from the busi- prietor and manager. Since rapidly and steadily de\el- grown its quarters and en- found ; these were secured Railway Station. The quan Township of Cavan, in rS^. late Wm. McBain, who duce business successively Hope, Millbrook and Peier- into business with his father business was largely ex- the largest grain and pro- point in the district. On the Main, Mr. J. j. .McBains and Mr. VV. Cluxton became 1.S82 Mr. .Mc Bain's asso- ness, leaving him sole pro- ihat time the business has oped. In 18S4 it had out- larged premises had to he atljoining the Grand Trunk tilv of grain handled is in .■ • ^ — 1 _ _ . .• '^ the neighborhood i.^'i half a million bushels a year. In addition .\Ir. McBain has done a large trade in pork, butter and other produce. Mr. McBain has for three years been a member of the Board oi l-Alucation and Chairman t^'i the Property Committee. In iSS() Mr. McBain was elected a member of the Toronto Board of Trade. ARTHUR ATKINSON. lorn in the town of lerated tiie tierman S()4 to January ist, Vom 1868 to 1871. ler bought the St. l! them up to the pre- dee flour mills, since system in milling the CJerman mills, o{ this sketch was nd it was probably m any other cause Mr. Snider also in- ada in the year 1S75 depression in the f Mr. Snider's mills 'ars. Last year only ured in the two s 40 X 6_^ feet be- s 40 X 80 feet. I-'rom .Mr. Snider has re- ssembly, from 1881 o.. Snider Lumber 00. He became a jrmer. .Mi^. .\ktiiik .Vtkinson, head oi the tirm i.-\{ .\. Atkinson & Co., VV uiipeg, .Man., Grain Dealers, i:; a gentleman well known to most of the members of the '1 )ronto Board of Trade, connected with the Grain Section. He is a prominent merchant of the North- West, and has just been elected President of the Winnipeg Grain and Produce lixchange. Mr. .Atkinson was born at 1851, his father having been l^iddulph, and subsequently intendent (-^i schools for the .McGiliivray. The subject i^i'i mary educition at a common ma from the Lucan Com- diploma from the Middlesex Board fn-st class grade " A " 1870, and a diploma from the in 1 87 J. After tinishing his year 187^^, went into the Seaforth, who was then one chants in Western Canada, chants Salt Co. Mr. .Atkin- the business the following until 1878. That year he two years was in the grain business Lucan, Ont., ^Llrch i8ih, for several years Reeve ^^i was for man)" \ears super- Township oi Biddulph and this sketch acquiretl his jiri- school. He obtained a diplo- mercial .\cademy in i86(); a Seminary in 1870; a County Certificate in London in London Commercial College studies Mr. Atkinson, in the olTice C)S. i\lr. .A. Armitage ot of the leading grain mer- and the Manager of the Mer- son obtained .an interest in year, remaining in Seafoilh removed to Toronto and for In 1880 he returned to Seaforth, and in 1884 removed to Winnipeg. The business done is very large, agents being stationed at a luimber of points in NLmitoba and the Territories. Mr. .Atkinson is a director of the Northern Elevator Co., and in politics is a Liberal. He joined the Board of Trade in i88q. BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUM. JAMES CLARK. Mk. Jamks Clark, a retired Miller and Clrain Merchant, No. ido Cowan .Avenue, Toronto, is a native Canadian, and was born in the villajje of Doon, near the town of tialt, Ont., the iith of September, 1841. His father came to this country from Scotland, and was always engaged in the milling business. The subject oi our sketch was educated at the public school in the Township i:^^ Pickering, Ont., and commenced his business career with his father in the grain and milling business in Rockwood. When he was eighteen years of age, Mr. Clark's father bought a considerable amount of property at Rockwood, Ont., where he established a milling and grain business, his son, Mr. James Clark, being sent there as a partner with his father, to look after and to manage it. This partnership was dissolved in the year 1H67, and Mr. Clark went to Klora the same year, and started a milling business for himself there. After a time he left I-'lora and went to Wrcxeter, where he started a similar business. From VVroxeter he went to Krin and from Krin to Ayr, in both of which places he carried on a milling business. .After remaining at Ayr for a'period of five years, Mr. Clark retired from business altogether, and coming to Toronto has lived here ever since. For some years Mr. Clark was a Councillor in Wroxeter and Ayr, He became a member of the Board ol Trade in iH^t), belongs to the grain section, and is a Reformer in politics. JAMES HAMILTON. A few miles west of Toronto and situated on the Lake Shore, is the pretty and thriving village of Port Credit. It is a well known resort to the citizens of Toronto, and numbers among its inhabitants some enterprising merchants and business men. Among them is Mk. Jami-:s Hamilton, J. P., grain merchant and general dealer. Mr. Hamilton is an Irish- man by birth, and was born near Tempo, County Fermanagh, his father being a farmer in the Countv. He came to Canada alone in 1849, settling first at Streetsville. For two vears he was a clerk in that town, at the expiration of which time he went to Port Credit, ■vhere he entered tlie emplov of Mr. R. Cotton as a clerk, with whom he remained tor a period of nine years. In i860 he bought out Mr. Cotton's business, and started out on his own account a's a general merchant and grain buyer, in which business he has met with considerable success. Mr. Hamilton has now retired, and handed over the business to the care of his sons, who now conduct it. The firm will now be known as J. Hamilton & Sons. Mr. Hamilton is a Justice of Peace. About twenty years ago he became a member ot i he old Toronto Corn Fxchange, becoming a member of the Toronto Board ot Trade when tiie amalgamation of the two bodies was efiected. JOHN DOUGLAS LAIDLAW. Mr 1 \ii>iaw is of Scottisli descent, and was born in the Parish of Hobkirk, Roxburghshire, Scotland, in .8:,(,. His father was a miller and a farmer in the sanie parish. After attending school at Hobkirk, Mr. Laidlaw came to this country in .85O, when he was twenty years of age, and three years later commenced his mercantile career at Stavner, Ont., as a general merchant, also buying grain m large quantities After re- maining at Stavner for seventeen years, he came to Toronto .ni87G, and established him- self as a grain buver and dealer, and has remained here ever since. Mr Laidlaw has re- fused all requests'to stand for public office, but he is a director of Fhe I-armers Loan &^ Savings Company, and a member of the Granite Curling Club. Mr. Laidlaw bee , me a member of the Board of Trade in .875, and has alwavs taken an active interest in he pro- ceedings of that bodv He is a member of the Board «» Arbitration, and in poitics is a Reformer, and a member of the Reform Club. As a merchant he is respected bv all uho are acquainted with him. Paris is a fl( Brant, Ont., and of the Grand Tr Grand, whicii al ClIAKI.KS Mills, the prof senior member o 1823. After wo oi three years, J of his life. For portance in Pari: time. Mr. Wlii politics is a Ref education in tin farmed in Kan si J. M. VVhitlaw ^ There is no Messrs. VV. P. 1 a great domest present consists of Ontario, and 1 son of Sir Leon; member of the 1 gentleman who first made know for Canada in 1* acquired his edu In tiie year 18; John, where he and entered the ever since. Mr members of the His Excellency I Liberal-Conserv 15 E SOUVENIR NUMBER. C. & J. M. WHITLAW. I'aris is a nourishing incorporated town oi over 3,000 inhabitants, in the County of Brant, Out., and about seventy miles from Toronto, on the Buffalo and Goderich branch of the (irand Trunk Railway. It is situated at the contluence of tiie rivers Nitii and Cirand, whicli afford water power for flour, planinij;^ and woollen mills, foundries, carpet factory and knittiiii;' factory. Tlic- towii contains four public, a high school and separate school. Me- chanics Institute, two banks, two weekly newspapers, and seve- ral churches oi \arious denominations. Cirain, flour, live stock, plaster and produce are shippeil from the place, and a con- siderable amount of trade is transacted. One of the principal industries of the place is the new Paris Flour Mills, the property of Messrs. Whitlaw, Baird & Co. ClIAUI.KS W'llITI.AW, John W'lirri.Avv. .Mu. CiiAKi.Ks WiiiTi.AW, the senior member oi the firm is the son of a builder, and was born in Montreal in the year 18^3. After working in Montreal for a period of five years, and in Hamilton for a period oi three years, Mr. Whitlaw removed to Paris, where he has spent the last forty-six years ot his life. For the last forty years he has occupied every municipal position of im- portance in Paris, and has been a trustee of the public school board for about the same time. Mr. Whitlaw became a member <:>'( the Board oi Trade in the year iS8(), and in politics is a Reformer. Mr. John M. Whitlaw was born in Paris, and after receiving his education in tlie Paris High School, Clalt Collegiate Institute and Lennoxville College, farmed in Kans is and was several \ears in business in L'xbridge luider ihe firm name of j. M. Whitlaw c\; Co. LEONARD ARTHUR TILLEV. There is no firm in the grain and flour trade better known in Ontario than that of Messrs. W. P. Howland & Co., nor is there one having better connections for carrying on a great domestic and export trade. The firm, which is a very long established one, at present consists oi Sir W. P. Howland, C.B., K.C.M.ti., at one time Lieutenant-Governor of Ontario, and the subject of this sketch, Mr. Leonard Arthur Tillev. Mr. Tilley is a son of Sir Leonard Tilley, late Lieutenant-Go\ ernor of New Brunswick, and at one time a member of the late Sir John Macdonald's Government, and Minister ot l'"inance, and the gentleman who made the famous budget speech in the House of Commons in which he first made known the tariff changes made necessary by the adoption of the National Policy for Canada in 1878. Mr. Tilley was born in the City of St. John, N.B., in 1852, and acquired his education at Windsor, No\a Scotia, and at Sheffield and I'Vedericton, N.B. In tiie year 1870 he entered the shipbroking office of Messrs. Scammell Bros., at St. John, where he remained for a period of about three years. He then came to Toronto and entered the firm of Messrs. W. P. Howland & Co., with which he has been connected ever since. Mr. Tilley became a member of the Board of Trade in 1884, and is one of the members of the Board of Arbitrators and Examiners in Grain for Ontario, appointed by His Excellency the (iovernor-General in Council, i8th November, 1885. In politics he is a Liberal-Conservative. '-f lit i II i I mmmm ' i n 5 1 II 226 BOARD OF TRADE ALLAN JAMHS LOCKIL\KT. 1$ mi\ Thotowii of Hiiwinain ille, on tin- main line of the Ciraiul Trunk Railway east, is a tliriv- injf place, containing;' between 3000 and 400(1 inliabitanls. It contains several industries, larj^e and small, and is the centre of a tine aj^'ricullural district. Among its merchants that do an extensive business is the iirm of Messrs. Lockhart Hrothers, j^rain merchants, with a branch business in the neighboring,'' town oi Newcastle. The firm is composed of Mr, Allan J. Lockhart, Mr. A. Lockhart and Mr. W. T. Lockhart, all three of them members of the Toronto Hoard of Trade. Mr. Allan James Lockhart, the head oi the firm, and the subject of this sketch, is a native Canadian, and was born in the Township of Chiiiii^'ua- cousy, in the County of Peel, Ont., .August 3rd, in the year 1S47, and is the son of a miller. After receiving his education in the town of Oshawa and Howmanville, he com- menced his mercantile career in the grain business at the village of Orono, in the West Riding of the County of Durham. I'rom Orono, he removed to Pontypool in the h'ast Riding of the same County, and finally, together with his two brothers, established his pre- sent business in the towns of Howmanville and Newcastle. Mr. Lockhart became a member of the Toronto Board of Trade in the year uSt)2, his brothers in the year 1S85. He is a member of the Masonic Order, and Past Master of Orono Lodge, No. 325. He is also a member of the Independent Order of I'"oresters, and in politics is a supporter of the Liberal party. The Iirm of Messrs. Lockhart Hrothers is one well known in Ikiwmaiiville and its vicinity. Ill BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUMBER Jailvvay east, is a tliriv- ains several iiuliislries, lonjrjts merchants that yrain merchants, with m is composed K.->i Mr. ee of them members of cl oi tlie lirm, and the Township of Chinjjua- ^7, and is the son of a Howmanville, lie com- f Orono, in the West 'ontypool in the East rs, established his pre- hart became a member year 1885. He is a o. 325. He is also a ipporter of the Liberal Howmanville and its ANDRKVV H. HAIRI). Mh. Anorhw H Bairo, miller, of Paris, Ont., is a native Canadian, and was born in he C>ty of Montreal, March ist, .834. He is the eldest son of the late Mr. N'ichol I j I a,rd, civ.l engmeer, who came to Canada in 1827, when he was emploved on the con- struct.ono theR.deau Canal, and subseciuently in the I'ublic Works Department The subject ot th.s sketch acquired his education at private .schools in Montreal and at the hl'c ot hi een went to Pans where he engaged as a clerk with Mr. Charles U'h 1 w -tI merchant. Smce then he has been engaged in business as a miller and grain meainn and has had a successful career. Mr. Haird is interested in several of the S r^i o Pans, such as the Flourmg Mills, the Carpet Co., and the Wincev Mills a. The ' lounng m. Is have a capacity o*' 200 barrels per day, and emplov ten ha.uls • The Cn net Works employ htty hands, and the Paris Wincev Co. eighty 1 ands Mr Hi'ird h-.. h*^ a member of the Paris Town Council since ,863, with the Exception o th ee ye r nd" has held the of .ces of Councillor, Deputy Reeve, Mayor, Warden of the Uum y of Hr-Z President and Director of the Mechanics Institute, President of the Ikv.rd of I ■ .. • a. present President of the Dominion Millers' Association, llr la rd a mem t" A.^.A.M., and has been Master of Lod'-e No 82 Hp ba« t-.i.,., . . • ' miatary matters holds a first class ^^:^J^^:^.^^tT.:^^^::^T^^ became a member of the Toronto Board of Trade in ,884, and in p c is • Viher.! Conservative. In .872 and again in ,879 he contested the N^rth Riding olBram. BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR Ni ^\~y PHK GWOCBRY T T is perhaps more tliicclly true ot this branch of trade and commerce than of any other that its rtiictuations upward or downward are apt to correspond exactly with chan^^es in popuhition, and that it is less benefitted by seasons of commercial prosperity, and conversely, sufTers to a less mari fail in its adulation of those who succeed is proverbial, and will aci;ount readily enougl for the ease and facility with which the unsuccessful and unfortunate are allowed to dro| out of sight ; yet a careful perusal of the names of those who are or who have been engagec in the wholesale grocery business in Toronto fails to disclose any name that has even beer of any considerable note in the commercial world that has since been clouded with tlu shadow of financial embarrassment ; on the other hand, this branch of commerce has given and is still giving, many leading names to the roll of Toronto's wealthiest citizens. Kurthei proof of the fact that the wholesale grocery trade is to a large extent exempt from thost untoward intluences that in otiier branches have conspired to cheat industrious and clear- headed business ability of their due award may be found in the fact that out of the thirteen firms now doing business in Toronto as wholesale grocers, no less than seven are rated at a quarter of a million each, and only three at less than $50,000; this must be considered a high'y satisfactory showing, and in every way an unimpeachable testimony to the energj and ability of the merchants in question. The records oi the number of failures among the retailers of Toronto contains some very instructive lessons ; the following is the number of failures for the years 1884 to 1892 inclusive, with the total liabilities and assets, the average liabilities and assets, and the average amount each trader had fallen behind for each year. Record of failures in the grocery trade of Toronto for the years 1884 to 1892 inclusive, computed from the Hoard oi Trade returns : III l> it NO. OK YEAR. I'AII.fRKS 1884 12 1885 14 1886 I I 1887 '4 1888 20 1889 15 i8go '4 1891 22 1892 22 liSriMATliO MAIilMTlKS $43,433 24,811 5^.«65 38,284 131,285 73.645 3(1,760 68,036 39.7 66 E.STIMATliO ASSETS AVERAGE l.IABll.rriES PER FAILURE AVERAGE ASSETS PER FAILURE AVERAGE EXECSS OF LIABILITIES OVER ASSETS PER lAILl'KE $27,202 $3,619 $2,267 $J.352 15,013 1,772 1,072 700 42,882 4,806 2,^^)^ 914 3«.5i' 4.263 2,750 1.5 '3 45.«52 6,564 2.292 4,272 63.7«3 4,909 4,252 657 22,590 2,625 1,613 l,OI2 49, 1 56 3.092 2.234 858 17,186 1,808 78. 1,027 The last column is added because of the melancholy prominence it gives to the year 1888. In the other years given in the table the amount each trader had fallen behind is, on the average, $1,000, falling in 1889 as low as $657, and in 1887 reaching $1,513 ; but HOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUMBER. clealiiiff with the whole- ilcnien, .ind thinij,'h they Dw that these conditions 5 vast commercial editice ■ fill. chants labored under a )! civilization and better t and perseverance oi the a larjfer extent, perhaps, fjeneral 'o forjjet those account readily eiunif>;'h Kite are allowed to drop who have been enj^-ag-ed lame that has even been e been clouded with the of commerce has given, Ithiest citizens. Further ctent exempt from those It industrious and clear- l that out of the thirteen than seven are rated at is must be considered a testimony to the enerj^y iber of failures among- following is the number diilities and assets, the ;r had fallen behind for ; 1884 to 1892 inclusive, JAOE Els ULURE AVERAGE EXECSS OF I.IAHII.rriES OVER ASSETS PER 1 lAII.UKE 267 $1,352 ^7^ 700 ^92 914 ■50 '.5 '3 !92 4,272 '52 f\S7 >'3 1,012 34 858 81 1,027 ice it gives to the year ;r had fallen behind is, 7 reaching $1,513 ; but in 1HH8 the bankrupts average $4,272 on the wrong side of the balance sheet, or more than four times the average of the four preceding and the four succeeding vears. This was the result of that period of unnatural intlation and over confidence, that drew from Mr. George Hague and others of like prominence and ability a timely note of warning as to the danger of the course of adventurous -almost reckless — trading that then obtained to an unprecedented and unwarrantable extent, as the event afterwards proved. In the ordinary course of business at other times the standing of the retailor was more closelv scrutinised and greater care was shown in giving credit to persons whose financial standing was nut satisfactory, the natural consequence being that the weak and unreliable trader was forced to give up his business and disclose the real state oi his afVairs to his creditors while as vet he was involved to a comparatively small extent ; while, on the other hand, in the time of ihc boom that came to a crisis in 188H these dealers were allowed to continue doing business till they were involved to four times the extent to which they were allowed to go in calmer and more rational times. This is emphasised by the fact that the average assets for that year are about the average of other years ; thus showing plainly that it was not the fact that the retailers rawfv/ less, but that they oivvd ^o much more, that gave to this year such an undesirable prominence in the annals of failures among our dealers. Xor was it con- spicuous for an extraordinary large number of failures ; in fact, in this respect it was exceeded both in i«qi and 1892; yet the aggregate liabilities in 1888 were double what they were in 1891, and more than three times as much as the corresponding figures lor 1892, But though the lesson was a severe one, it is gratifying to notice that it was well learned. In the succeeding year, 1889, the number of failures fell twenty-five per cent., the total liabilities decreased nearly forty per cent., while the total assets of the fifteen unfor- tunates who went to the wall in 1889 exceeded by nearly fifty per cent, the assets of the twenty who failed in 1888. It is no doubt true that this improved state of affairs was largely due to the fact that the trying times of 1888 had driven into bankruptcy the great majority of the weaker traders, leaving only those whose financial condition was compara- tively satisfactory to surrender in 1889; but it cannot be doubted that a better realisation of the true character oi the unsubstantial methods of doing business that had formerly prevailed and consequently increased vigilance on the part of the wholesalers played an important part in producing the much more satisfactory results in 1889 that these statistics prove. It is important to call attention to the benefits accruing to the mercantile world in general, and the impetus given to foreign commerce especiallv by the opening of the Canadian Pacific Railway to the Pacific Ocean, and the establishment of a line of steamers connecting therewith and bringing into Canada the produce of India, China and Japan, by a route at once direct, and comparatively inexpensive. This is strikinglv shown in the statistics of the imports of tea from India and Japan during the four fiscal years succeeding the 3oih day of June 1888. '^ 1H88-89. 1889-90. 1890-91. ]89i-c)j. !"'*''' $4.(^69 $11,844 $16,306 $10,^61 Japan , ,„,^ tLi "^ -°:° ^'-^-^: ^'--^ 3'^*'^ 13.864 19,738 23,304 Bearing in mind the undoubted truth that commerce is intensely conservative, and somewhat slow to adopt new ways and methods, until fully assured of their advantages, and the consequent difficulty of familiarising importers and others to new channels tha, seem destined to supersede the old. well-known and long-tried methods, the above figures BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUM are entirely satisfactory. They show that the benefits conferred upon our merchants by the establishment ot direct communication between Toronto and Hong-Kong by way of Vancouver are being recognised and suostantially appreciated ; and it is not too much to pred.ct that the time will come when the bulk of the produce of the vast trans-Pacific nations will find its way to the market, of the old world over the Canadian Pacific Railwav past our very doors. To a limited extent this is the case now ; am' many good authorities are of the opinion that the future t.ans-continental traffic between the Pacific and Atlantic will be limited only by the capacity of the means employed to transport it. The fact that the increased importation from India and japan which is testified to by the foregoing table is not due to increased consumption is shown by the statistics of the proportion the imports of tea iw the United States bear to the total imports. In 1883 over fifteen per cent, of the total quantity imported came through the United .States and paid duty accordingly. This proportion steadily fell till in 1889 only a fraction over one per cent, of the whole total was thus imported, rising again slightly in 1890 and i8qi. This, coupled with the foregoing figures relative to our trans-Pacilic trade, would seem to show that there has been of late yea dealing with coi example, Great I to us less than $1; in a somewhat si from tea-produci Toronto has found within its self-reliant spirit than success. 7 still with us to rr a sine qua non ni that follov Hre r ability to carve r appear to be unp >£ SOUVENIR NUMBER. 229 been of late years a strong feeling in favor of direct importation and a tendency to avoid dealing with countries that do not themselves produce the article they export. For example, Great Britain which sent us tea to the value of nearly $170,000 in i88g exported to us less than $150,000 in 1892, and it maybe expected that this item will continue todecrease in a somewhat similiar ratio to the advance which is fairly expected in the direct imports from tea-producing countries. Toronto has little reason to be ashamed of the condition of any branch ot trade that is found within its walls. She has prospered as a city because of the strong, courageous, self-reliant spirit that conquered all difficulties and would be satisfied with nothing less than success. They have made her prosperous, and have prospered themselves ; they are still with us to maintain the high standard of ability, enterprise and integrity that is no less a sine qua non now than it was in earlier and ruder times. The brief sketches in the pages that follov are records of well-directed and unceasing effort, of stern resolution and of ability to carve names and fortunes out of what might, to a less qu'ck witted observer, appear to be unpromising materials. IN M M «' ii BOARD OF TRADE ^ I >•' HI I Wii.i.iAM Imi:, Sk. PKRKINS, IXfK & CO. William Inhk, Jn. Iamks Isle. The importance oftlio f^rocery trade ijfoos witlunit sayiiii;', and there is no interest in Toronto better lepresented tiian this. Amonij;- tlie wholesale >^rocers are men oi' iiii^li character and considerable wealth, holdinij- leadini;' positions on the Hoard of Trade and other orijanizations, and ideniiiied with those institutions which have the best welfare of the city at heart. the lines (Ireat enter- the wholesale grocery trade is there a keener for the hii^hest business success. The mari^in ot' very close on many oi' the the immense demand makes wholesaler who keeps a upon his business a fair best known aiul reputable that of Messrs, Perkins, Front street east, stands year 1S43 that the business the name of Messrs. !•". firm subsequently became and finally Messrs. Perkins, present partners are Mr. William inco, junior, and has occipu'd its present William I. ml, Sk. prise is shown in pushinj^ of the city, and in few rivalry or a greater demand qualities in order to aciiiex e profit is necessarily cut staple lines of i^'oods, but up for this and gives the close and constant watch remuneration. .Amoiii,^ the wholesale funis in Toi^onlo, I nee iK; Co., Xos. 41 and 43 conspicuous. It was in the was first established under I'erkins \- Co. The Messrs. !•■. iV Ci. I'erkins, luce X: Co., in uliich the William Ince, Senior, Mr. Mr. James Ince. The fu 111 premises since the \ear 1S45, anu liie hues chiefiy dealt in are teas, colVees, sui^ars, which are imported direct, and liquors and wines. The warehouse is four storeys liij^h, and 55 x 180 feet in area ; is well lig^hted and ventilated, and well suited to all business requirements. Mi^. WiLiJAM i\ci': WtLi.iAM Inci:, Jk the senior partner of the firm. County, Ireland, in ~ the year 1S.27, his father bavins;- held a commission in the British .Army. lie came to this country when he was five years of aj^e, and three years later set- tled in Toronto. After altendiny- the district schools, as they were called in those days, for a time, Mr. Ince commenced his mer- cantile career in the employ of Mr. (.Jeor^e Moore, jjrocer, Ki > • street west, with was horn at Mar\boro', Oueen s Jami:s I mi:. whom he remained until the year 184-. He next manaLfed the business of Messrs. Came- ron & Ciwatkin, corner of Nelson and King- streets, now I^ast Market Square, until ihe year 1H45, and on their j^iving up the business, went to the present premises on Front street with F. iV Ci. Perkins, until 1855, when he was admitted into partnership and the firm became !"".& G. I'erkins & Co. lie remained in the biLsiness until 1874, when Mr. Perkins retired and the firm became Perkins, Ince & Co. Mr. iJeorge Perkins died in 1875 and the business then reverted to Mr. Ince and his late partner Mr. Wnmg^, who died in 189:. Mr. Ince became a member of the Board of Trade in the year 185(1, and has occupied IRD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUMBER. JA.MKS Ixcli. here is no interest in rs are men of liii^'li ^oard of Trade and e best welfare of the i shown in pusliing- city, Mild in few or a greater demand s in order to aclniexe is necessarily cut lines of goods, but this and gives the nCi constant watch ration. Among tiie lie lirms in Toronto, Co., Nos. 41 and 43 nous. It was in tlie t establisiied under X: Co. The [•■. & Ci. Perkins, L'o., in which the I I nee, Senior, Mr. les I nee. The firm s since the year mported direct, and leet in area ; is well Mar\horo', Queens 1 J S I\lK. i of Messrs. Came- et Sc]uare, until ;he premises on Front lership and the iirm , when Mr. Perkins ns died in 1S73 and , u ho died in 189! . , and has occupied several important positions in it. In 1SS3 and i so well known, has se- retail trade. Xo house in better facilities or more su- all over the Dominion. The born at F illymena, Ireland, son of William Kinnear, at merchant in Ireland, and cattle drover. .After acouir- the Hallymena Model School, panied his parents to this first start in lite was at the tail grocery lirivi oi Swan some years he entered the bar, grocer, where he re- bitious of success, and anx- tree, he started a retail job of Toronto, and Mr. Kinnear, cured the confidence of the the trade in the citv has pcrior connections extending subject of this sketch was in 184(1. He is the eldest one time a wholesale pork after his arrival in Canada, a iiig his piimary education at Mr. Kinnear junior accom- country and to this city. His age of seventeen with the re- Hros. .After the lapse of employ o'i Mr. Ricliard Dun- mained for six years. .\m- ious to get to the top o'i the bing trade on ICast Market Square, associating with himself .Mr. J. W. Lang as a partner, the business being carried on for nine years. .At the expiration of that period .Mr. Kinnear sold out to nis partner, and in 1880! embarked for himself as a wholesak- grocer, under the name and style of T. Kinnear X: Co. In 1884 he joined the Hoard of Trade. LlEl'T.-Co Aberdeenshire, W. L. Davids the independen age determined full of pluck ar find employmei firm of Geo. A Montreal, bein soon returned 1 Davidson, and one of the lar^ London, luigla one time his lii been discontin the city in clo.s self. That his s shown a few yt in Canada, a st ing trade duri red. Matters 1 ers and emplo; arbitration b Colonel, as Pr upon by depi oi llie dispute i together repri arguments, coi commended tl considered fai the great strik sentativesof t representative one o'i the oti On business c servatives of Legislature, frequently m Commons at man, who, fro something oi great mistak Trade, as a \ he has once m thin, not cari early educati discharging. Lieutenant-C( in public favo cheerful and delights in in course. Col. wearing the 1 of expressiiii. moments hap le t m '>E SOUVENIR NUMBER, \\ 11- •d le or ce :d m rt is ;e ly me LIEUT.-COLONKL JOHN' I. DAVIDSON. LiEi'T.-CoLONKi. Davidson was born thirty-nine years ago in the little village of VVartle, Aberdeenshire, Scotland, his father being Doctor Davidson, a gentleman still living, Rev. W. L. Davidson, LI..D., of Aberdeen, being a brother. Noteworthy in his youth for the indepeiulont and self-reliant character which has marked his career, the Colonel at an early age determined to shape his own course in life, and eighteen years ago he arrived in Toronto full of pluck and energy, but possessing a slim purse. Nothing daunted he started out to find employment, and was successful in engaging as a salesman with the wholesale grocery firm of (ieo. Michie iK: Co. at a very small salarj-. I""or a short time he was a citizen of Montreal, being in the employ of the wholesale grocery firm of James Jack & Co., but he soon returned to Toronto to the employ of Mr. J. C. Fitch. The firm soon became Fitch & Davidson, and remained so for a few years, it now being Davidson & Hay, and is probably one of the largest and best known wholesale grocery firms in the Dominion. When in London, luigland. Col. Davidson acquired a knowledge of the vine and tea business. -At one time his firm handled liquor, but that branch of Mie wholesale grocery business has been discontinued lor some the city in closer touch with sell". That his sympathies are shown a few years ago. One in Canada, a strike that com- ing trade during an excep- red. Matters had assumed a ers and employed could not arbitration by associated Colonel, as President of the upon by deputations from oi the dispute and requested together representatives of arguments, considered them commended the adoption of considered fair to al! concern- the iireat strike was at an end. a ^ j^^ f. 1 years. There is no man ni the working classes tiian him- with them was very clearly of the largest strikes known pletely demoralized the build- tionally busy season, occur- very serious aspect. Fmploy- agree, several attempts at bodies had failed, when the Board of Trade, was waited those engaged on both sides to act. He agreed, and called both parties, listened to their thoughtfully, and then re- a certain course which he ed. Both sides agreed, and A little over a year ago, repre- sentatives of the Trade Unions of the city, representatives of the Toronto Board of Trade, and representatives of the Liberal Conservative Association, waited upon him independently the one of the other, asking him t. dlow his name to be put in nomination as Mayor of the city. On business considerations he saw fit to refuse. About the same time the Liberal Con- servatives of the city ottered iiim the nomination ot Toronto as a member for the Ontario Legislature. Colonel Davidson again refused to accept, and now his name is being frequently mentioned in connection with the next general elections for the House of Commons at Ottawa, ^hlny of those who know Colonel Da\ idson imagine him to be a man, who, from the aHability of his manner, would not do arvMiing to offend others ; something of a politician seeking popularity on both sides. Those who so think make a great mistake, as those who were associated with him on the Council of the i^oard of Trade, as a vice-president of the Bank of Commerce, and in military matters know. When he has once made up iiis mind that a thing is right he will fight for it through thick and thin, not caring on u iiose shoulders his blows fall. It is true that Colonel Davidson's early education was not specially for certain duties which he has displayed such tact in discharging. On coming to Canada he joined the gallant Royal Clrenadiers, and is now Lieutenant-Colonel of the Forty-Eighth Highlanders, a regiment which has taken a place in public favor in a manner that must be gratifying to its otlicers. Colonel Davidson is a cheerful and genial I'nan, and \el a discreet and a guarded on'^. He is fond of society, delights in innocent amusement and enjoys with a pure relish the charms of social inter- course. Col. Davidson has the right, which upon occasions he becomingly exercises, of wearing the maple leaf upon his breast, of singing his national songs to Canadian airs, and of expressing national hopes for the future of this Dominion, ^'et, should you at such moments happen to question his nationality, you will find that the Scot in him predominates. :> I li > I H 'I k lir 23; HOARD OF THAI. RICHARD DONALD. Mr RuiiARn Donai.o, j^rocer, No. 134 Kinj; street east, is of Scotch descent, am was born in the town ot Montrose, his father beinj^ engaged in the transport biisines in tha town. .After acciiiiring his education at the Academy in Montrose, Mr. Donald cominencec his commercial career, whi n he was only thirteen years of a^e, as an apprentice to clothier in Montrose. In the whore for a period of h\o inj4 business. VViien he was Donald came to this country to. Three years later he his own. Miss Peters, a na- first ten years oi his resi- the j^eneral tailoriiii;' biisi- ciianjj;-e, and feelini;- tliat liis rection of anotlier business, with Mr. Peters, with whom ness at No. 140 King street young firm removed their where it lias been continued came a member of the Board and in politics is a supporter Donald does a verv iari-e If: I year iS49hewent to Londoi years he worked at thetailoi twenty-five years of age, M and settled at once in Toroi married a countrywoman o tive of Arbroath. l'"or th dence in Canada, he foilowe ness, and then desiring abilities hi}' more in tiie d he entered into partnership he established a grocery busi- east. In the \car i{ Scotch descent, and ansport busines in that Ir. Donald commenced as an apprentice to a S4() he went to London, he worked at thetailor- y'-five years o'i age, Mr. ■ttled at once in Toron- ;d a countrywoman ot it" Arbroath. l"'or the in Canada, lie followed and then desirinj^ a is lay more in the di- tered into partnership iiblisiied a grocery busi- in the year iS()o the MS to the present stand ince. Mr. Donald be- ade in the year 1885, I Liberal Party. Mr. ;ss, and his establish- iiid to east-enders gen- 1, and is well worthy oi ioes a very large retail ROHKRT HAV. Mr. Rohkkt Hav, No. 43 Wellington street east, produce and commission merchant, etc., is a gentleman well knovvn in the City ot Montreal as well as in Toronto. Before en- ■•jaging in his present business of a produce and commission merchant, he was for several years in the emplov of the Crand Trunk Railway Co., filling some very important and con- fidential positions.' Mr. Hay -^ '« a native Canadian and was born in the neighboring year 184b. After acquiring School at Halton, he came to where he settled for a brief his business career in the Railway Co., and at first was in the office of the Ceneral During the year 1872, he was clerk to the General Superin- position for some time. .Mr. Assistant Superintendent o'i road from Montreal to Q^y\Q- Champlain lines, which posi- years. In the spring of the nection with the tlrand Trunk County oi Halton, in the his education at the Cirammar this city in the year iSb(), period. Mr. Hay commenced service of the Cirand Trunk mainly stationed at Montreal Superintendent of the road, appointed confidential chief tendent of the road, filling the Hay was next appointed the h^astern division of the bee, and Portland and the tion he held for a period of six }'ear iS()o he severed his con- Railway, and coming to Tor- business of produce and com- onto, started his present mission merchant. Mr. Hay became a member of the Hoard of Trade in the year i8()i. Mr. Hay is a member of the Order of Oddfellows, and for a period of two years was Mayor of the Town cii St. Ciabriel, Montreal, previous to which he was a member oi the Council oi the same Town. .Mr. Hav is a member of the Methodist Church. i Davidson i\: Hay, Vonge street, is of Scotch descent. His father was born in Perthshire, Scotland, and his mother was a Glasgow lady, both of them coming to Canada in 1834. The subject of this sketch was born in Toronto, November 13th, 1834. After acquiring his education at Cpper Canada College, and at the under Dr. Tassie, Mr. Hay over thece>ntinent fortwent\- a half of that time he spent James liiggar an Collegiate Institute, Gait, visited luirope and travelled seven months. Ox\ii year and the stock farm oi Mr. hshire. Ret M urnni''- to T essrs. year. r lie next ;■ mills near Coll partment, w hich The firm then op Out., under ih ject of this sketc years keturmn of Robert Hay & Jacques having Mr. Robert Ha\ the Riel rebellion Grenadiers was c into his present the Board of Tr; ce oi bout a to tlie |->er ile- id on. r I.akt e su b- r tour usiness Mr. ess of n 188; Royal ntered her oi ▼ wmm r.OARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR . WILLIAM (lOSNKLL. Mu. Wii.i.iAM CiOSMM.i., },r|ocor aiKJ },'^cner;il provision dealer. No. 287 CJerartl street east, is a iialive Canmiiaii of Knglish descent. His t'atiier was also a native Canadian, and was born in the City oi C)uehec, and after farmiiiij at Meaufort for a lime lie removed to Sini,Hiampton, Onl., near ( ■ollini,>-wood, w lie re Ik- follow ed the business of maiuifaelurinjr lime fiir some years, and i> and living in Toronto. The born in the city of (Jiiebec, on i.S;;S. After receiving;;' his Schools at Quebec and Siiii;-- menced his commercial ca- his lather's business of a lime at it for a period \>i six years, Huron, Ont.. where he es- shippiiiij' the first car load <>i iiton i\: North Western Rail- period v>i four years at Cilen linjjwood, where he remained eiii^aj^ed in the manufacture this city in the year 1SS3, and business on King street east, general grocery and provi- Gerard street east. Mr. liosnell became a memb.-r of the now retired from business, subject cii this sUelcli was the ijlh ol July, in the year educaiion in the Public li;mi|iton, M"". Ciosnell ctim- rierat the age of sixteen in manufacturer, lie remained ■M\A then renuned to (iien lablishetl a similar business, lime that went over the Ham- way. .\fter remaining tor a Huron, he removed to C'ol- fi>r a period ol a year, still i.-^i lime. He then came to eslablished a coal and wood and has recently started a sion business at No. 287 Hoart.1 ^^'i Trade in the year iSSj, and in politics is a sup|iorter of the Liberal-L'onser\ ati\ e I'artv. He is a member oi Collingwood Lodge, No. 34 I. O. O. I'\, and of the Knights o'i .Maccabees. He is a well known member oi the Board of Trade. The w been esiabl dealing exi many mori March khI native c^S. I'idinburgh, for ti flee 11 y senior dyir ject of thi; leaving sc ness in I- subsequent and son c; until NS5S, buying bu with his 1 style n b^ the new I firm o'i \')oi employ he been I'res. and A. .\L, JOSHl'A W. CL'RTS. Port Ontario, lake The vi erry is a flourishing village on Lake Scugog, Township of Reach, County ^"^i It is built on an eminence, and commands an extensive view of the waters of the t is connected with Scugog Island by a bridge three-quarters of a mile in length. age contains several manufactories oi considerable si/e, and an extensive business llion feet is also done in grain and of the latter being manu- the season y.^'i navigation municatiitn with Lindsay, places. .Mu. Jiisiu.v \V. the village, was born in the the year 184!), his father township. He was educated and a*'ler leaving- school he career i.m\ the Davenport grocer and provision dealer, moved to Port I'erry, and ness o{ a produce dealer, large quantities. The annual acted is about 845,000, and ployed in conducting it. .Mr. I I During lumber, several mi factured annually, there is daily steam com- I-"enelon Kails and other t'l K IS, a produce dealer in Township o'i N'ork, Ont., in having been a farmer in the at Weston, near Toronto, commenced his business Road, North Toronto, as a Afler a short time he re- established his present busi- exporting butter and eggs in amount of business trans- aboul eight men are em- Curis owns a cold storage feet in area, and three storeys Reeve of Port Perrv for three and packing house, 30 x 75 — high, and does a large and successful business. He has been _ years, and a Councillor for four vears. He became a member of the Board ot 'I rade in 1886, and in politics is a Reformer.' Mr. Ciirts is highly respected in Port Perry and its vicinity, his having been the Reeve and a Councillor for so long attesting the tact. Amon must be m merchant Township .After recei avva, he town in t duce dealei since, aiul Ontario, semi-publii Town Cou a period Finance He is a and is the 270, and ciiition, ha Air. Kow Oshawa Toronto 1 known to Mr. Fowl-. has built I he makes J 'RADE SOUVENIR NUMBER. ^33 ROI5KRT SWAN. The well known grocery lirm of Swan Hrolhers, i6j and 164 Kin}^' street east, has been esiablislied thirty years, and is doinj; a Xwxy^M and extensive laniily trade, as well as dealing- extensively with the farmers in the surrounding coinitry. Mk. Rohekt Swan, like many more successful merchants, was born in Scotland, at Wliilchester, Her wick. hire, his tather, who was als<} a moved with his family to gaged in the cattle business Canada in 1H53, Mr. Swan nine years later. The siib- cated in Edinburgh, and ai'ter with his father in his busi- was carried on until the family toC'anada. Both father in Scarboro and York, Ont., S\\an commenced the wheat lie entered into partnership g I ocers imder the name and business in the premises now bought out the business car- Mr. Henry Swan brought to experience gained with the March loth, 1H32. In iS^cS native of the same county, Kdinburgh, where they en- forlifieen years, and came to senior dying in this country ject oi this sketch was edu- leaving- school lie worked ness in lulinburgh, which subsequent removal K>'i the and son carried o\\ farming until 1S3H, when .Mr. Robert buying business. In if the t harities Commission. I KREHKRICK lATHKR l-OVVKK. Among the prominent business men in the thriving manufacturing town of Oshawa must be mentioned the subject o'i this sketch, Mk. KKi;m;KiiK Li"nii:K Imiwkk, g;enera! merchant and produce dealer. Mr. I'owke is a native Canadian and was born in the Township oi I'-asl Whitby, near the town of Oshawa, on the 27th of May in the year 1857. .After receiving his education awa, he commenced his town in the vear iSSo, as a duce dealer, at which business since, and is well known Ontario. Mr. I'owke has semi-public positions in Town Councillor and Deputy a period of live years has Finance and Assessment He is a prominent mem- and is the VVorshipful Mas- 270, and president of the ciation, having been a strict \Ir. Fowke is also the Oshawa Harbor Co. He Toronto Board of Trade in known to those members of the Board connected with the produce business. In politics Mr. Fowke is a supporter of the Liberal party. He is a practical business g^entlenian who has built up a trade that is creditable to himself and worthy of the progressive town which he makes his home. at the High School at Osh- mercantile career in that general merchant and pro- lie has been enj^aged e\er throughout the county of occupied several public iind Oshawa. He has been a Reeve of the Council and for been the chairman of the Committee of t iie Council, ber of the Masonic order ter of Cedar Lodge, No. Oshawa Prohibition Asso- total abstainer all his life, secretary-treasurer of the became a member of the the vear 1887 and is well ■vmWPS"!?^; 234 liuARD OF TRADE MALCOLM NIVKN. hMn r'ViH Mk. Malcolm Nivkn, a menibor oi the liiiu '.^'i j. K. \i\oii \: Co., 30 hVonl sticot east, was born at (llasi^ow, Scollaiul, in 1S23, and came to ToroiUo in iH(h). Ho was educated at the parish school in (ilasj^ow, and commenced his commercial career in that city at a very early a^'e, in the f^roiery and commission business. After arrivin^■ in 'I oronti> he continued in tiie . , same line ot iiusiness, ami is now the local representa- of Chicaj^o, the International Chicaj^o, and other leading;- nscted with the j^rocery busi- ronto representative ot" six tablishmenls, and also rejire- New Orleans and I'hiladel- ol the Hoard of Trade m 1SS4. esteemed as a reliable i;en- that of J. K. Niven i\: C"o. is deals larj^ely and successl'ully As has been pointed out the as Chicajifo, east to I'hiladel- leans, involvirifjf an immense and executive ability in carry- the details. Both of the g'en- tive o'i \. K. Kairbank i\: Co., Pork l^ickin^ Company, i>'( and well-known houses ck>\\- ness. .Mr. Niven is the Wi- lar^e Chicaj.ro business es- sents lar^e houses in Moston, phia. lie became a memiier In business he is hij^hly tleman. .As a business tirm widely known as one that as brokers of merchandise, business extends as far west phia, and south to New Or- amount y.'i'i correspondence int;' out and attending' to all tlemen connected with the firm have been in the business so lonyf that they are now experts in it, which no doubt accounts for the success they have met uitii and the satisfaction they have f,''iven. .\ representative merchant c^i the Ovieen City, .Mr. Niven has established a reputation for his firm which is second lo none in Ontario. J. \V. I.AXCl. Mh. John W. L.wc;, the well known wholesale ii^rocer i^i l-'ronl street east, is a native of the iMiierald Isle, and was born in 1S4S, in County Armat;h, Ireland. He came to Canada with his parents, the family setllint^' in Toronto. Mr. I.ans;- be!.;an his business llulchinson \' ^o.^ drv career with the firm of Thos. He remained with them three several years with the well- Kleminf^iV Co., at the corner Mr. Lang' then moved to the other Canadians who have that the land to the nortli in}^ in 1S70, he opened busi- vvholesale and retail t^rocer, establishment from 59 to C)^ testify. Mr. Lanji^ received public schools, and while h'.rj^e business, is also Vice- Life Assurance of Toronto, interest. Mr. Lang" became Trade in 18H4, in which he is a staunch Reformer and a Reform Club ; but while hold- numerous business duties prevent him fiaying' that attention to public matters which he might desire. As a member of the Hoard of Trade, he takes a deep interest in all that pertains to the prosperity of the Queen City of Canada, and in the discussion of matters affecting its welfare he is always ready to speak bis views. oods merchants o^ King street, years, afterwards spending known seed-house ot James o{ Oueen and Vonge streets. I'nited States, but like man\ di>ne the same, lie ilecidetl was the better, and return- ness on his own accoinit as a with what success the large l*"ro.it street i.ast will amply his education in the 'I'oronto closely attending to his own President of the l^xcelsior in which he takes an active a member c^i the Hoard of hokls a life membership. He well known member o( the ing strong political views, his iOAKl) OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUMBER. Co., 50 I'ronl street Jo in i\vn as i>ne that kers ot merchaiulise. s extends as tar west lul south to New Or- ot correspondence L and attending to all connected with the in it, which no doubt they iiave f^iven. A i;d a reputation for his street east, is a native reland. lie came to m;- bej^an his business lants iif Kiiii^' street, aft*, r wards spending' seed-house o'i James n and \'oni;e streets. States, but like many le same, he decided e better, and returii- his own account as a lat success the larj^e treet cast will amply cation in the Toronto attendiiit;; to his own lit of the Kxcelsior ii he takes an active her oi the Hi'>ard of life membership. He own member ot" the ni;- political views, his lie matters which he ep interest in all that liscussion of matters j. V. KMV. The subject of this sketch althouj^h still a vouiik' man has become one of the business landmarks of Toronto. He has been a familiar liKU'V '" the commerce ot the city for the last thirtv vears. Business like the learned professions has been f,'radually expandiii),' and to-dav success is cliiellv confined to the specialist. Mr. I'by's department from choice fis well as from natural , , :iptitude has been {,'roceries tCoods i'.nterini; the retail he has worked up tliroui;ii f^rocer, and throughout his tinguishing characteristic has close attention to business, disposition, will account for niinent position in public knowledge oi the business advantage in both buying and placed him in tiie coimiiand- as one of the prominent coni- commenced in a letail store see no iiigher prospects there the employ oi Messrs. How- \Vm. P. Howland retiring I'lby joined Mr. I'"itch ;is part- ner under the firm name o( Fitch & V.h\ . The firm afterwards admitted Mi. M. Tlnvaile as a partner, and changed the style to l-'itch, b:by iV Tiiwaite. Mr. V.hy in 1S7I) withdrew from the general business and went into teas, and continued in this special branch until joined b\ his present partner in iS.So, when he again entered inti> the general trade under the iirm name o^ I'-by, Hlain iK; Co., now so well known throughout tlie wliole Domin- ion. Mr. Ilby is the fourth son of the late Mr. John W. Eby, Chemist X: Pruggist, Merlin. He is a member o[' the Board of Trade, a Director in the Fire Insurance l-^xchange (.'o., and a l.iix'ral in politics. and exclusively among the business while quite young, all phases of the practical whole career his most dis- been exceptional energy, and This, together with a retiring his not having taken a pro- matters. His practical however, serves him to great selling, and has deservedly ing position he now occupies mercial men of Canatla. He in Berlin, and when he could came to this city, andentererl land I't l-'itch, 'in rS()4. Sir tVom the firm in 1.S71, .Mr I'RI'DKRICK VVILIJAM HU^^^HRI•^■. Mu. I''ui;im:ukk \Vii.ij.\m HrMi'iiuKV, importer and wholesale grocer. No. 1)4 l-'iont street east, is tlie sole proprietor of a business that was established se\ eral years ago by Mr. James Stock, to whom succeeded in the year i.SjS Mr. I"'. A. Shirrilf. to whom again succeeded in the year 1882 Messrs. Humphrey & Jackson, the latter gentleman retiring in the year 1S87. Mr. Humphrey is a native Canadian, a son of Mr. James Humpiirey, a farmer o'i Scarhoro Township. C'ounty of N'ork, Out. He was born in that Township in the year 1858, and was educated at the High School, Markham, and at the Toronto Colle- giate School. Mr. Humphrey began his mercantile career in the vear 1881, in the retail grocery store o'i Mr. V. .\. Shirriif, o\\ King street east, where he remained for a period o^ one year. He then entered into partnership with .Mr. Robert Jackson, and togetlier they bought out Mr. Shirritf. This partnership lasted for a pericd of live years, when Mr. Humphrey conducted it himself, r^Miioving to his present premises in the year i8t)i, and selling the King street business to .Mr. A. IVovan. Mr. Humphrey became a member oi the Board o\' Trade in the year 1888. He is a member of Stephenson Lodge, .A. I-". A. M. Mr. Humphrey does a large business, and has an excellently appointed establishment in which can always be found a line line of everything in staple and fancy groceries, and country produce. The premises occupied are centrally situated, and a large number o'i clerks are employed. Mr. Humphrey both as a merchant and a citi/en is well known and esteemed among the mercantile community. He has been urged by his friends at dilVerent times to oti'er himself as a candidate for alderman, but his business engagements require the whole o'i his attention. IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) 1.0 i.l 1.25 tii IM 1 2.2 'I li^ 12.0 .8 LA. IIIIII.6 ^ <^ /2 /y 'c^. /; y /iSJ Photographic Sciences Corporation I «\>^ ^'^ ,. ^^^ 23 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, N.Y 14580 (716) 872-4503 '''/AS:'i (P., BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR A WILI.IAM M. FLAVKl.LK. Mr. VViLLiAN. M. Fi.AVKi.i.K, ;i mciiilxr of the well known firm of Dundas & Flavelle Bros., general merchants, Lindsay, Ont., is a naiive Canadian, and was horn at Peterboro in the year 1853, in which town he also received his education. Mr. I'^iavelle commenced his business career in 18(16 in Peterboro as an errand boy in a dry i;oods store. He subse- quently removed to Lindsay, and was employed by his uncle, Mr. j. Dundas, as a clerk in his store. In the course of a few years, the dry j,'-oods, i-Tain and produce business had so largely increased tiiat Mr. Mavelle was associated with it as a partner, and has since been made an active partner in the business. It is one of the largest concerns in Lindsay, and in all that section of the Province. The business has steadily grown in ail its varied branches, especially in the export of grain, cheese and eggs, etc. The firm does a large dry goods business, and in addition handles 750,000 dozen eggs, 800,000 bushels of grain, and a large quantity of other produce. At present the firm gives employment to about seventy-five men and women. Mr. Flavelle became a member of the Hoard of Trade in 1888, and in politics is a Liberal-Conservative. He is a Director of the Sadler, Dundas & Flavelle Milling Company, has never sought and does not hold any public oifice,and is a mem- ber of the Methodist Church. Though comparatively speaking a young man, Mr. Fla- velle has shown great business ability, and has won the respect oi the mercantile communi- tv oi Lindsa\' and elsewhere. A well 1 dealer in grc and 1 93 Da\ in the year i after attend! on his fathet life, and ver farm and co sent busines ly and grad filling order; her of the I: Party. He active part i for himself a is a wide-a\\ and desires 1 JOSEPH RUTHFRFORD DUNDAS. Mr. Josi:i'h Rutherkorii Dimx\s, a member of the firm of D. Gunn F'lavelle &Co., packers and dealers in provisions, 70, 78 and 80 Front street east, was born in County Monaghan, Ireland, January 20th, 183b. His father died in Ireland and his mother emigrated to Canada in 1848 and settled at Peterborugh, Ont. Mr. Dundas was educated at tiie Royal Belfast .Academical Institution, B.Hfast. He cominenced his mercantile life as a clerk in Peterborugh where he remained twelve years, going to Lindsay in i860, where he started a general store and grain business under the name o\' Cluxton & Dundas, then J. R. Dundas, and then Dundas & Flavelle Bros., under which name it still continues. In 1892 Mr. Dundas moved to Toronto and joined the firm of D. Gunn Flavelle & Co., of which he continues a member. FVom 1882 to 1886 Mr. Dundas represented South \Mctoria in the Dominion House of Commons. .\t the expiration of his term, finding that his business interests absorbed all his attention, he withdrew from politics and did not present himself for re-election. He still retains a large interest in the Sadler, Dundas & Flavelle Milling Company o( Lindsay and in the business of Dundas & Flavelle Bros., of the same town, and was president of the Board of Trade, Lindsay. He is a member of the Athena-um Club and joined the Toronto Board of Tiade in 181)2. In politics Mr. Dundas is a Conservative. Mr. Joi mission me County of L F"rome, Son He then ren grocery bus Mr. \'oung cated in the general stor Minden and under the n; Young com crea;:ed sine etc., (as the Postmaster is a membei Board of Ii HENRY WHITEHEAD DAWS .Mr. Hknkv W. Dawson, of the firm o^ Dawson & Co., wholesale fruit, produce and comiTiission merchants, 32 West Market street, is a son of Mr. Charles Dawson, of Brampton. He was born at Otlev, Yorkshire, England, in 1856 and accompanied his parents to Canada when he was a'vear old. Mr. Dawson acquired his education in the Brampton public schools. He commenced his mercantile career in his fathers produce business at Brampton ; a business which he has followed ever since, excepting one year when he studied m-.^dicine and another year when he was a clerk at Brampton tor k. Chis- holm & Co. premises, tl formed all t of Turkeys and other Dawson ha of Brampto SOUVENIR NUMBER. = J3 THOMAS SHAW. A well known merchant in the northern portion of the city is Mr. Thomas Shaw, dealer in groceries, provisions, baled hay, biuulicd straw, grain and flour, etc., Nos. 191 and 193 Daxonport road. Mr. Shaw is a native of the soil, and was born at Maiton, Ont, in the year 1H4X. His father, Mr. James Shaw, was a well known farmer at Maiton, and after attending the Public School in that village for a time, the subject of this sketch worked on his father's farm for some years. Becoming tired ot the monotony and humdrum of farm life, and very anxious to succeed and get on in life, Mr. Shaw determined to leave the farm and come to Toronto. He arrived here about the year 1876, and established his pre- sent business on the Davenport road. From the iirst it has been a success, and Is steadi- ly and gradually growing. The premises are capacious, the utmost care is exercised in filling orders, and a large citv connection has been worked up. Mr. Shaw became a mem- ber of the Board of Trade in the year 1885, and in politics is a supporter of the Reform Part v. He is a member of the Ancient Order of United Workmen, but does not take an activ'e part in society work. By the exercise of prudence and energy^Mr. Shaw has won for himself an enviable reputatio'n among those who have business dealings with him. He is a wide-awake business man who spares no trouble in endeavoring to meet the wishes and desires of his customers. J i. JOHN FARA^A^' YOUNG. Mr. John F.\kai>av Voinc;, head of the firm of J. F. ^'oung & Co., produce and com- mission merchants, 74 Front street east, Toronto, was born in the Township of Cavan, County of Durham, Ont., February 22nd, 1850. His father emigrated to Canada from Frome, Somersetshire. England, a'bout the year 1833, and settled in Pert Hope as a miller. He then removed to the Townsliip ^^i Cava'n, then to Lindsay, where he embarked in the grocery business, then to Ingersoll, then to Minden where he died. On his maternal side Mr. Young is a descendant of the celebrated Professor Faraday. Mr. Young was edu- cated in the Public Schools at Lindsay and Ingersoll, and made his first start in business in a general store in Haliburton in 1867.' After being a clerk in the same line of business at Minden and at Lindsay, he removed to Toronto in 1887, and started his present business, under the name of ^'oung, Andrews & Co. After two years Mr. Andrews retired, and Mr. Young continued under the name of J. F. \'oung cS: Co. The business has steadily in- creat:ed since its commencement. i>'or thirteen years Mr. Young was Treasurer of Dysart, etc., (as then known) which included nine Townships in County Haliburton. He was also Postmaster at Haliburton for fifteen years, and a Justice of the Peace for nine years. He is a member and treasurer of Lichfield Lodge, Sons csi England Society. He joined the Board of Trade in i8go, and in politics is a Liberal. WHITEHEAD DAWSON. holm & Co. Chis- Mr. Dawson settled in Toronto about eighteen months ago in his present premises, the firm having a business also at Brampton. A very large connection has been formed all over Canada and the States and Great Britain, the firm exporting larjre quantities of Turkeys to England. The firm also conducts extensive auction sales of Florida Oranges and other fruits during the season, Mr. H. W. Dawson acting as auctioneer. Mr. Dawson has been a director of the Standard Loan & Savings Co., and is a Town Councillor of Brampton. He became a member of the Board of Trade in 1886. *36 BOARD OF TRAj MISCELLANBC \ it AMONG the members of the Toronto Hoard of Trade are many who do not belong it any particular section of the Board, but whose business in the aggregate is very hirge| amounting to thousands upon thousands of dolhirs every year, and who represent ir a very large degree the commercial condition and interests of the City of Toronto, and t( a great extent the great Province of which it is the capital. The year 1893 may well be referred to as one of the most disastrous in the commercial history of the world that liaj^ occurred for a long time. Almost every civilized country has been more or less effected. Panic has followed panic. No sooner was one crisis passed than another arose. Confi- dence was destroyed and thousands who were once well-to-do were reduced to poverty. Some of the largest commercial houses in the world went under, bringing dire results upon thousands ; no country seemed to escape ; Great Britain, Germany, Australia, Canada and the United States, particularly the latter, were all affected, the full effects of which are not yet known. While Canada has not entirely escaped the general distress, it has escaped the great torrent of bankruptcy which has rolled over other countries, provhig conclusively that the financial institutions of the country are in a sound condition and that the Domin- ion stands eminent among the nations of the earth for its commercial prosperity. What failures there have been have been due not so much to dullness in trade as to reckless speculation in stocks and real estate. The inevitable reaction set in and many are experi- encing the effects of the collapse. Tlie number of business failures which occurred in Toronto during the year 1893 wee 180, with liabilities amounting to $4,116,907, and estimated assets to $1,954,472. During the year 1892 the failures were 159 in number, with lialilities amounting to $1,528,- 164, and estimated assets at $1,127,896. Throughout the entire Dominion the number of failures in 1893 were 1,781, liabilities $15,690,404, estimated assets $7,388,692. In 1892 the failures were 1,682 in number, liabilities $t 1,603,210, estimated assets $4,848,095. Some of the failures in Toronto in 1893 were small affairs. For instance, 24 grocers failed, the average amount of liabilities in each case being $2,490. Those who suffered more severely were the coal dealers, 13 of whom failed with liabilities amounting to $1, 177,259 or an average of $90,557 each. The other branches of industry to suffer most in Toronto were the failure of ten taiiors, seven boot and shoe dealers, seven builders, seven retail dry goods merchants, seven druggists, eight restaurant keepers, and five stationers. The total import and export trade of the City of Toronto for the year 1893 was, imports $21,- 088,930; exports $3,478,269 or a total of $24,567,199. The duty paid on the imports amounted to $4,394,757, or nearly one million dollars more than the total value of the exports. An important industry in Toronto not as yet represented on the Board of Trade by a section set apart for it, is the coal industry. There are fifty-one members of the Board engaged in this industry and collectively they do a large trade. Although bituminous or soft coal is found in considerable quantities in both the Maritime Provinces, in British If ir nOARD OJ' TKADF. SOUVRNIR NVMnim. LLANEOUS liNDTJSTRIKS. who do not belong to ''g'®ate is very large, ir, and who represent in City of Toronto, and to year 1893 may well be of the world that has ;n more or less effected, another arose. Confi- ^re reduced to poverty, nging dire results upon Australia, Canada and effects of which are not :ress, it has escaped the i, proving conclusively 3n and that the Domin- L-ial prosperity. What M trade as to reckless n and many arc experi- ing the year 1893 wc-e assets to $1,954,472. amounting to $1,528,- )minion the number of < $7,388,692. In 1892 ted assets $4,848,095. mce, 24 grocers failed, ie who suffered more lounting to $1,177,259 ufter most in Toronto builders, seven retail five stationers. The [93 \vas, imports $21,- paid on tbe imports 1 value of the exports. Board of Trade by a embers of the Board hough bituminous or Provinces, in British Columbia and in the North West Territories, and Anthracite coal in the two latter pl-ices yet every pound of coal consumed in Toronto is imported from the United states notwith' standing that there is a duty of6o cents per ton on bituminous coal. The reason of this .s not tar to seek. The coal fields of Pennsylvania are nearer to Toronto than those in Canada, and it ,s cheaper and the waste is less to bring the supply from there, paying the duty, han from Nova Scotia or the North West. The amount of soft coal imported i to Toronto from the Umted States for the fiscal year commencing with the quarter com! mencmgjuly ist, ,892, and terminating with the quarter ending June .oth ,80. was in'th;\'.r:8:^''^Th"f^';'''r ^ ^-^"•"^^ ^"^"-^ '- -''^^ '^ ^^'..re thL ^uj^^^j^ mthe>earx892. The total value of Anthracite coal imported into Toronto during the same penod from the United States, and which is admitted duty free was $.,328, Zo a tot value tor both bituminous and Anthracite coal of $.,690, .04. The git . p^r on of this coal comes to the city by water from Oswego and Charlotte, thouc^h durim. h z: BriXr' vVeT't'rt''^ 'ti"-' ^^-^^-^ '^^^^ '- ^'--^ ^--^ R^nwa/from s:tp ! son Bridge. The distribution of this coal to factories and to householders, the unloading li:.tZ:^^ Z:'"': emplo^^ent for a large number of men. The smaller ^ aealer., in the cty, those whose yards are in the east, west and north ends of the citv especially, are not without a grievance against the Grand Trunk R.ilwav tL T ^ msmsmm of loss and lu„,ber, mos. o, i, I ,1. Unted s.a ™. ^^^'''^ •'°"'' "'^' *-'^'''^'' """" Other members of the Rnir- ^^ ^ as a section, are ers, importers, fruit and fish dealers commitsion m ^f^^^'^^^'''' P'-'"^-^ -^^ publish- chants. barristers, physicians and T^v ^aT: Is aT hT e ' '" T^T -^"^ ''^ ""'- selves are also working for the in^Pr.=^ ,T ""^'^ '^''"'^ laboring for them- City of Toronto is a busv hhe of T' '"' "^^'P'"^ ^" ^^'^^^'^ ''« -A-nce. The principally composed, Elgli ^S t^ ::dTrit '^'V'T'' ""' ^'''' ''' P^^"''-'"" '^ enough competition between them to pu 1 t,',"^^''"^' 1-rmoniously together with Just mon good of all. ^ ^ '"'''"' "" '^^ '"«"'«, which results in the com- BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NL JOHN SEGSWORTH. Mk. John Sec.sworth, head of the firm of J. Segsworth & Co., Wholesale Jew^>llers, 6 Wellington street east, is of English extraction, and was born October 23rd, 18^,7, in Toronto. His father was a carpenter and wheelwright, and emigrated to Canada from the neighborhood of Hull, Yorkshire, in 1831, settling in Toronto, where he died some vears after. Mr. Segsworth commenced employ of J. IC. Kllis tS: Co., remained for seven years, extending his bvisiness experi- self in i860, and has enjoyed since. He is a member of a Past Master of Wilson Past Grand Steward of the Board of Trade in i88b. leans to the Conservative active part in politics gener- of the first originators of the of Canada, and was for many ciation was the means of stocks throughout the coun- lers in the small towns per- at a nominal cost. He was his commercial life in the Jewellers, in 1852, where he After a short time spent in ence, he launched out for him- uninterrupted success ever the A. F. and A. M., and is I.odge, No. 86, G.R.C., and Grand I.odge. He joined Politically Mr. Segsworth side although taking no very ally. Mr. Segsworth was one Jewellers' Security Alliance years its President; this asso- preventing loss on jewellers' try, giving the retail jewel- feet security against burglars also for many years a pro- mi lent member of the Jewellers' Association ot the Board of Trade, and to his experience and commercial knowledge that body owes not a little of its present success. Several years ago Mr. Segsworth was President oi the Canadian Association of Jobbers in American Watches, and liiled the onerous office witli the greatest satisfaction to his colleagues. ADAM CLARK ANDERSON. Mi{. Adam C. Anderson', head of the firm of A. C. Anderson & Co., Wholesale Jewellers, 16 Wellington street east, was born in the village of Weston, near Toronto, February 13th, 1833, and is a son of William Anderson, City Auditor, and formerly English master in the Collegiate Institute. Mr. Anderson attended the Park School, Toronto, until he was thirteen years of age, ,_ , and then Day's Commercial seventeen he entered the Robert Wilkes as a messen- able notice of him, and he of junior salesman in the house. At the early age of road as traveller, his boyish the title of " The Boy Drum- of Mr. Zimmerman, the chief derson was withdrawn from of the watch department, 1878, when he started busi- llamilton. In i885hereturn- into partnership with Mr. W. and Anderson. Afterward Lowe and started the present He was elected President of College. At the age of jewellery house of the late ger. Mr. Wilkes took favor- was promoted to the position jewellery department of the nineteen he was sent on the appearance gaining for him mer." After the retirement oi the department, Mr. An- the road and placed in charge which position he held until ness ox\ his own account in ed to Toronto and entered Lowe, under the title of Lowe Mr. Anderson bought out Mr. firm of A. C. Anderson & Co. the Jobbers Association in 1889. In 1879 he married Miss Vance, daughter ot the late James J. Vance, LL.D., a descendant of one of the pioneer families ot Toronto. Mr. Anderson is a member of the Methodist Church, is a Freemason, and a member ot the Royal Arcanum. He joined the Board of Trade in 1886. Mr. Da\ thousands oi was born in Scotchmen. V of his birth, ai early introduc Owing to mat the struggle o man possesset enjoyed the be tive Depart nu Glasgow ani.1 engagement w lightning expi business at C leading hotel aged to seek to Toronto an the American and Front stt Board of Trai one of the be largely patroi ker conducted years, and in corner of I'^o ment it has be Canada. Mr. the progress c several valuab roughfares ; ii In 1880 he was term of seven mittees, amon§ Bay street for 1 He was also CI instrumental in sident and Mar up to the time executive abilit business done ; to be exported In politics he i; old life membei nian Society ; i he was Preside the Scottish Qi siastic curlers i national wintei Committee for situation which admirable und« placed it in a s representative always held th( DR SOUVENIR NUMBER, 237 h til a I le en- ird ?nt of te r. he DAVID WAI.KKR. Mr. David Wai.kkr, proprietor of the Walker House, is a j^enlleman well known to thousands of professional and business men both in Canada and the United States. He was born in the City of Glasgow, November 17th, 1830, and is a Scotchman among^ Scotchmen. When three years of age, his parents sent him to the Infants' School in the city of his birth, an institution similar to those now popularly known as Kindergartens, the early introduction of which method of education should be credited to the City of (JIasgow. Owing to maternal bereavement, he left school at the early age of ten, and commenced the struggle of life on his own account. He is a splendid example of the success which a man possessed of indomitable will, energy and perseverence can accomplish without having^ enjoyed the benefits of a iiigh class education. Later on he served his time in the Locomo- tive Department of the Glasgow and South-western Railway system, running between Glasgow and Carlisle. When twenty-three years of age he came to Canada under an engagement with tiie Great Western Railway as Locomotive Hngineer, running the first lightning express train on the Western Division. In the vear i860 he entered the hotel business at Chatham, Ont., leading hotel he was so suc- aged to seek larger fields, to Toronto and bought out the American Hotel, which and Front streets, the site Board of Trade, and which one of the best commercial largely patronized by the ker conducted the American years, and in 1873 opened corner of Front and \'ork ment it has been and is one Canada. Mr. Walker has the progress of the City of several valuable properties roughfares ; in fact, all his where as proprietor of the cessful that he was encour- He thereupon in 1868 moved the interest and good will of stood on the corner of Yonge now occupied by the pre.sent at that time was considered hotels in the city, and was travelling public. Mr. Wal- Hotel for a period of five the Walker House, at the streets. Under his manage- of the most popular hotels in always taken an interest in Toronto. He is owner of on the leading business tho- in vestments are in Toronto. In 1880 he was elected Alderman for St. George's Wartl, and served in that capacity for a term of seven years. During this term he was Chairman of different important Com- mittees, among them the Court House. It was he who selected the site at the head of Bay street for the new Court House and Municipal Buildings now in course of erection. He was also Chairman of the Waterworks Committee for the years 1885-1886 ; and was instrumental in putting the Waterworks on a paying basis. For some years he was Pre- sident and Managing Director of the Toronto Brewing and Malting Co., which company up to the time of Mr. Walker's management had been unsuccessful ; but by his energy and executive ability he brought the stock up to a paying basis. To show the magnitude of the business done at that time, annual contracts were made upward of 150,000 bushels of malt, to be exported to the I'nited States. He became a member of the Board of Trade in 1879, In politics he is Conservative, and in religion a Presbyterian. Mr. Walker is one of the old life members of St. Andrew's Society ; life member and Past President of the Caledo- nian Society ; and life member of three branches of the Masonic Order. In the year 1881, he was President of the North American United Caledonian Association, which includes all the Scottish Caledonian Societies of North America. Mr. Walker is one of the most enthu- siastic curlers in Western Canada, and his name and fame as an expert in the great Scotch national winter sport has been spread all over Canada. As Chairman of the Water Works Committee for 1885-86 as already stated, Mr. Walker displayed a vigor and grasp of the situation which proved his undoubted executive ability. With a firmness and determination admirable under the circumstances he practically re-organized the whole department, and placed it in a state of efiiciency it had never been before. Both in his public position as a representative of the citizens, and in his capacity as a private citizen, Mr. Walker has always held the esteem and respect of his fellow citizens. i. !l ^iki 238 BOARD OJ' TRADE S^ n.ANMKL ROSK ii^ I I Ifl Ll! il \ m i I ;l \\ s i' Mk. Daniki. Rosk, I'rinlor, 7r a short period, Mr. Rose came to Toronto and worked in the printing establishment of Mr. John Lovell, Government contractor, printing the first geography of Canada, written by the Deputy Minister of I^ducation, Mr. John George Hodgins. When the seat ol' lunernmenl was transferred in itS^cj, Mr. Rose went to Montreal and car- ,_ _^ rieel on business lor eighteen years, returning to Toronto take the place of Mr. Hunter & Co. After twelve years and Mr. Rose established his seen considerable military nal Highland Company oi' 1858, belonging to the 2nd joined the Prince of Wales saw active service at the in 1866, his regiment being Huntingdon, Quebec. Since been an active worker in the Past Grand Secretary of the Templars, Quebec, and was Quebec Grand Lodge of that of the Grand Lodge of the at the end of that period to in the firm ot Hunter, Rose the partnership was dissolved present business. He has service. He joined the origi- X'olunteers in Toronto in Hattalion Rifles. In 1859 he Regiment in Montreal, anel front during the I'^enian raids stationeel at Durham, near his beiyhood Mr. Rose has temperance cause. He is a Independent Order of Good one of the founders of the Order. He is also a member same Older in Ontario. Mr. Rose is a life member of the Caledonian Society, Montreal, of which he is also a past President ; is Past President of the Numismatic Society of Montreal, and is a life member and Past Secretary of the Mechanic's Institute, Montreal ; Past Master St. Andrew's Lodgfe A.K.A.M.; Past Third Principal, St. Charles Chapter R.A.M., Montreal; Past Grand Master Royal and Or. ental Rite of Masonry, 96 degrees, and Past Grand Steward Grand Lodge of Canada. Mr. Rose is also a member of the A.O.U.W., Independent Order of Foresters, is Past Supreme Superintendent of the Juvenile Foresters, Past W. P. of the Sons of Temperance, and a member of the Canada Temperance League and Managing' Director of the Canadian Savings, Loan and Huilding Association. During his busy life Mr. Rose has published, edited and managed the Canadian Craftsman and the Good Tem- plar. He became a member of the Hoard of Trade in 1882, is a Liberal in politics and a member of the Reform Club. Mr. Rose has often been pressed to enter municipal life, but has always declined on account of his business engagements. He was formerly Vice- President of St. James' Ward Reform .Association, and is now Treasurer of the Employing Printers' Association of Toronto. In botii his social and business relations Mr. Rose has always been a favorite, and has gathered around him a circle of friends to be envied. Although not one of the pioneer members of the printing craft in Toronto, he is, neverthe- less, one of the most prominent in the city, and, as a publisher and editor, has made his mark, more particularly in the Canadian Craf/snian and Good Templar. As already stated, he holds an important oflRce in the Employing Printers' .Association, and this fact alone shows how highly he is esteemed by his fellow master printers and publishers. In every one of the societies of which he is a member he has always held a responsible office, and has always acquitted himself of his duties to the satisfaction of all, and has always proved himself fully equal to all the duties he has been compelled to assume. )ARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUMBER. •nl Hursh of Wick, he I'lilleiiey Town bunker's Hill. Mr. ic trade of a liouse year o'i. his arrival in ishcr and Printer of lalf years. At the ell, Montreal, where , Cambridge, Mass., •After workinj,"- on se came to Toronto ernment contractor, :r of Kducation, Mr. id in 1859, Mr. Rose msiness for eighteen id oi that period to rm of Hunter, Rose lership was dissolved business. He has He joined the origi- :rs in Toronto in 1 Rifles. In 1859 he t in Montreal, and •iny the l'"enian raids I at Durham, near lood Mr. Rose has ice cause. He is a lent Order of Good he founders of the He is also a member er in Ontario. Mr. :h he is also a past nd is a lile member aster St. Andrew's I., Montreal ; Past 'ast Grand Steward , Independent Order s. Past W. P. of the gue and Managing I)uring his busy life and the Good Tem- \\ in politics and a r municipal life, but was formerly Vice- er of the I'^mploying tions Mr. Rose has lends to be envied. ito, he is, neverthe- ditor, has made his As already stated, and this fact alone iblishers. In every sponsible office, and 1 has always proved KGMUND c;UNTIII:R (K. iS: A. Guntiii:k.) The firm of V.. iV A. Gunlhc-, Wholesale Jewellers and Clock Importers. 10 Welling- ton street east, was established thirty-six years ago, by .Mk. Iu.mi no (iiN riii;i<, the head o'i the firm. The house is widely known throughout the Dominion, and has an enviable reputation. .Mr. I^gnuind Gunther was horn in Saxony, Germany, December 1st, i8;,o, and was educated at Weimar, between fourteen and fifteen learning the watch and clock In 1 831) Mr. Ciunther came remained in New N'ork and in came to Toronto and eslab- business in connection with steadily to its present pro- Hoard of Trade in i88(), and Mr. Gunther is a member of and A. M. Mr. Reinhold \i. Ciunther, was born in Toron- educated at Upper Canada teen he entered his father's ment, working for him as a years of age, when he took For a time Mr. Gunther CJermany. Wiieii he was years of age, he ciimmenced making trade in Weimar, to .\merica and for one year Hamilton, Ont. He then lished a wholesale jewellery his brother, which has grown portions. He joined the in politics is Independent. King Solomon Lodye, A. V. Gunther, son of .Mr. Ivgnuind to, June 24tli, i8()3, and was Ci>llege. .\t the age of four- wholesale jewellery establish- juiiior until he was nineteen the management oi theoilice. travelled for the firm, but finding o\X\cq work more congenial to his taste, he returned to it and has remained in it ever since. He joined the Hoard of Trade in 1SS6. Mr. I^gmund Gunther is not only well known in Ontario, but to the trade in the whole of the Dominion, and the goods of the firm command a well deserved recognition in all sections. EDMUND SCHIiUKR. Toronto can boast of some establishments in her midst which can compare favorably with any others of a similar kind in the Dominion of Canada. One of these is the whole- sale jewellery establishment of Mk. En.Mi'ND SiHia'KR, No. 11 Wellington street west, a gentleman for many years long and favorably know n in the Citv of Hamilton. He was born in the Town of Bern- ^ 1 kastel, Prussia, October 30th, in the year 1847, and was High School in the town of at the College in the City of commenced his mercantile Paris, France, as clerk and Mr. B. S. Merzback, No. 94 employ he remained until same year he opened out an on his own account at No. ^ continued in it until the year When the war between completed, he came to this ilton, Ont., where he went sale jewellery business with partnership lasting for a pe- its dissolution Mr. Scheuer educated at the Grammar his birth, and subsequently Metz, France. Mr. Scheuer career in the year 1864 in bookkeeper in the employ of rue du Temple, in whose the year 1869. During the export commission business rue OberkaufI", Paris, and 1871, a period of two years. France and Germany was country and settled at Ham- into partnership in the whole- Messrs. Levy Bros., the riod of fifteen vears. After came to this citv and en- gaged in his present business in the year i88b. He joined the Board of Trade in 1888. and was first President of the Jewellers' and Silversmiths' Section. He has been President of the Toronto Hebrew Benevolent Society since its inception, and is Treasurer of the Congregation of Holy Blossom Synagogue. BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUA JOHN MAVN'K MACLIiAN. Mr. John B. Maclkan, President of the J. H. Maclean Fublishint,' Co., lo Front street east, IS ot Highland with a tinge of French parentage, though a native Canadian b>- birth. His lather was a Presbyterian Minister, a graduate of Kdinburgh University and for some years Chaplain to one of Her Majesty's Highland regiments. He came to Canada about the year 1845. Mr. Mac- ^ ^ lean's mother is an Inverness hidy and is still living. The born in Crieff, County of 26th, 1862, and acquired his school near Crietl", and sub- Sound Collegiate Institute, Toronto L'niversity. Mr. commercial career on the ]Vorl\\\ and Rich- ; Freehold Loan and Je and Victoria streets md the most complete- ada) ; the Bond street a (Methodist) Hroad- lall ; the Hloor street terian Church and gs almost too nimier- rchitect for all classes sands of dollars. Mr. nlilice as the massive iletic Club Building, is streets, nine stories e, each of which is to m, built completely of d in Canada ; and the a million and a half size of any buildings quite a young man, is the responsibilities of egularity and measur- ticular is such that it lever he takes in hand K' joined the Hoard of . Lennox it may be unty Buildings were by the City Council nd the Court House !ction of this immense IS is usually the case, acing a much greater d will be a monument CHKLSTOPMKR BLACKKTT ROBINSON. Mr. C. B. Rohinson, president of the IVesbyterian Printing and Publishing Co., was born at Beaverton, Ont., in 1837. His parents came from Scotland and settled at Beaver- ton, where his father held the position K-\i clerk oi the Division Court for some years. .After acquiring his education at the public school, Beaverton, Mr. Robinson spent three years in quiring a general store, and then, in J'ihki'ty Beaverton, which adiiin J'ost. In 1860 Mr. with his paper, where he con- his removal to Toronto in Canada Presbyterian, now and has since started and Canadian and Dominion Odd- LindsayMr. Robinson estab- and Orilla Expositor, being in Orilla, though a non-resi- Robinson organized the Pres- lishing Co., o'i which he is A special feature is made of firm. He is a Past President ciation and of the Toronto tion. Mr. Robinson is a 1H57, bought out Tin' was changed to Tlie Can- Robinson moved to Lindsay tiiuied its publication until 1S71. He then started the in its twenty-third year, published The Week, Rural /vt/ow. When a resident oi lished ihe lV/iitl>y Gazette the first to start a newspaper dent. Some years ago .\!r. byterian Printing and Pub- the president and man;igi'r. book and job printing by this oi the Canadian Press .\svo- Iilmployirg Printers' Associ;)- member ot Ionic Lodjj A. I-'. O. F., of which he is P. (J. and .\. M., Toionto, and o'i Covenant Lodge, No. 52, L O. ^ . . ., - .._ ,.. He is a Past Chief I'atriarci) of Rehoboth l-^ncampment, and is a member oi St. Cieorge's and St. Andrew's Societies. He became a member oi the Board of Trade in 1884 and in politics is a Liberal. ROBHRT CARSVVKLL. The firm of The Carswell Company (Limited), law book publishers, printers, hook- binders, importers, etc., is well known to the legal fraternity all over the Dominion. The business was founded in 1S70 by Robert Carswell, and has developed into a very large and inlluential trade. They are publishers of Cinadian Law Reports, among which are the current Nova Scotia and , ... __^ New Brunswick decisions, law text-books, and impor- States law books and reports. Law Times, under the edi- Q.C., and " Notes of Cases " Canada, under the editorship Carswei.i., the president and Cai swell Company (Limited), He was educated near Col- Grammar School, where teacher, and taught two years tinning his education, which the Belleville Seminary, and Middletown, Conn. He also ing college, in Canifton, and first business was as agent ton's Cyclopaedia, in the in ters of British and United They publish the Canadian torship of K. D. Armour, decided by the judges of of F. B. Blown, B.A. Mr. general manager of The was born in Colborne, V . C. borne, and at Brigiiton he qualified for a scheol- to provide means for con- was acquired later, chielly at at the Wesleyan I'niversity, taught two years after leav- at Colborne Harbour. His for the first edition of .\pple- _- '-T"^ ' ~ ■■■" terest of which he came to lorontoin 1864, and to which he added at the time the sale of religious books and certain law books, chiefly American re-prints of English works useful in Canada. In 1870 the present business was established in law books alone, rooms being opened over the old Leader of the started business on his own foi' the Toronto Daily and that work for about a year, art'ord a wi(' r scope for his to this city in the year 1S85, business. The business has its first inception and is competent hands are em- sent all over the Dominion. Mr year 1885, and in politics he is a m the City of Glasg'ow, on 1845. He came to this when he was a boy of nine tlini^ at London, Ont. After public schools of London, mercantile career in that city Robert Reid, Stationer, now Customs at the Port of employ of Mr. Reid he acjount in London, as a^ent Weekly Globe, continuing at Relieving that Toronto would abilities, Mr. Bryce removed and established his present been a successful one since steadily increasing. Many ployed, and the goods are member of t'.e Board of Trt. .e in the He is also a member of Bryce became a vc«ii iciojj, aiiw 111 p«^iiii»-o lit i.T rt supporter ol the Reform Party, nc i» cii»(.i a. nicinuci ui the Order of Oddfellows. Mr. Bryce is a gentleman in whom the most implicit confidence is placed by business men and has always sustnined a high reputation. HENRY LANGLEY. Mh. Henry Langle\, a well known Canadian architect, and head of the firm of Langley & Langley, Canada Life Building, was born in Toronto in 1836. After acquiring a good education at the Toronto Academy, a branch of Knox College, he, at the age of seventeen years, entered the office of Mr. William Hay in Toronto, a Scotch architect of goqd ability and reputation . — , who had studied in the office of the celebrated Sir George England. .After a pupilage Mr. Langley in company with assumed Mr. Hay's business connection lasted seven years 1869. The business was a tinned so. In 1872 Mr. Mr. Edward Langley, and his into partnership, which con- Mr. E. Langley retired to rontinued as Langley & when it was dissolved and Mr. Langley taking in bis ied in his office and was a school oi Science. Many o'i ings of this and other cities Gilbert Scott, of London, and clerkship of jeven years, the late Mr. Thomas Gundry on his leaving Toronto. The until Mr. Gundry's death in most successful one and con- Langley took his brother, nephew, Mr. Edmund Burke, nection lasted till 1884 when live in California. The firm Burke till the fall of 1892, a new firm was established, son Chas. E., who had stud- graduate of the Toronto the public and private build- and towns of Ontario and elTeVhVreweTe designed and carried out by Mr. Langley, am^ng which are the Lieuten- ant-Governor's residence and a number oi the best private residences, the Bank of British North America, a number of the principal warehouses and a very large proportion ot the Churches. Mr. Langley joined the Board of Trade in 1886. The firm o is the best kno tion both in ilr purchases seal to the dyers, ar hats, caps, rob Germany, Aust all over the glo terms than othi the leasehold in King and ^'ong age of sixty fee lease it is conte adapted to the ( firm has sucii come the sjIi class houses, 1 Among them London, and firm carries full such well kno & Co., Christie Hlllwcod & Son ers. The firm separate and di proprietor of t When only a parents and c He was educate and eighteen y dry goods clerk Mr. Dineen wer years by Mr. D & D. Dineen. business is e'1 British Columbi Board of Trade block on Shert House, stores o in various parts variety of styl judicious adver the market an( has always a re Mr. Dineen 's e is never at fault but preferred t business. Mr. politics to the t corner of King busy place. N Among them ai some of whom mfre worthy c polite and cour 16 SOUVENIR NUMBER. 241 WILLIAM DINLEN. The firm of W. & I). Dineen, hatters and furriers, King and Yonge streets, Toronto, is the best known of its kind in the Dominion of Canada, and has an enviable reputa- tion both in Great Britain and the United St tes. The firm manufactures on a large scale, purchases seal and other skins at the great auction sales in London, which skins are sent to the dyers, are then brought back to Canada and manufactured by skilled workmen into hats, caps, robes, cloaks and coats. Mr. Dineen also imports largely from Russia, Persia, (iermany, Austria and all the large fur centres of Kurope and elsewhere, having his agents all over the globe buying for the house and enabling him to compete on more favorable terms than others for public patronage. About ten years ago Messrs. Dineen purchased the leasehold interest in the block of buildings now situated on the northwest corner of King and Yonge streets, a lease which has still a few years to run. The block has a front- age of sixty feet on King street and ninety feet on Yonge street. .At the expiration of the lease it is contemplated to erect a handsome building on the present site, which will be adapted to the carrying on of a more extensive business in the hat and fur trade. The advantages that it has be- firm has such distributing come the s jle agent for class houses, both in Eng- Among them are Mes^>-s. London, and R. Dunlap & firin carries full lines of hats such well known manufac- & Co., Christie & Co., Tress EUwcod & Sons, all of them ers. The firm keeps the hat separate and distinct. Mr. proprietor of the business. When only a year old he parents and can therefore He was educated in Toronto and eighteen years of age, dry goods clerk and contin- several well known and first land and the United States. Henry Heath & Co., of Co., of New N'ork city. The all the year round, made by turers as Lincoln, Bennett & Co., Woodrow & Sons, high standard English mak- and h\r departments entirely Wii.i.iAM Dineen, the sole was born in Ireland in 1838. came to Canada with his fairly claim to be a Canadian, and when between seventeen started life for himself as a ued such until 1878, when Mr. Dineen went into the hat am', fur business that had been established for a number of years by Mr. D. Dineen, a deceased brother, continuing it under the name of Messrs. W. & D. Dineen. Mr. Dineen is the larrest importer of hats and furs in Ontario and the business is e'tending rapidly. The firm sends goods all over Canada, including British Columbia and the North-west Territories. Mr. Dineen became a member of the Board of Trade in 189 1. He owns valuable properties in the city, among them a handsome block on Sherbourne street, several stores on King street west, opposite the Rossin House, stores on Yonge street, north of Queen street, besides several properties scattered in various parts of the city. One special feature in Mr. Dineen's business is the large variety of styles and the thoroughness of the goods he carries. Coupled with his judicious advertising and strict business integrity he has a thorough knowledge of the market and a keen appreciation of its wants, and every line he introduces has always a ready and quick sale. So much is this a fact that the public watch for Mr. Dineen's announcements to learn the latest thing in head-gear, and his judgment is never at fault. Popular with everybody he could many times have held public otTices, but preferred to devote all his time to the care of his great and continually growing business. Mr. Dineen takes little or no interest in party politics, and only in municipal politics to the extent of seeing the best men in. The store of Mr. W. H. Dineen at the corner of King and Yonge strfc<.ns is crowded with purchasers all day long and is a very busy place. Nor are the customers confined to the citizens of Toronto by any means. Among them are to be found put chasers from other cities and towns in the Dominion, some of whom defer their purc'iiases until they arrive in Toronto. No store in the city is mi re worthy of a visit of inspection than Mr. Dineen's. The clerks and assistants are polite and courteous, and do all in their power to oblige their customers. |i ma TT il 242 BOARD OF TRADE JOHN MAI.I.ON. Mk. John Mali.on was born at Middlotown, County Armagh, Ireland, September i;2nd, in the year 1836. he is the youngest son of the late James Mallon and Margaret Mullen, who with their family came to Canada in the year 1847, and settled in Toronto. A few weeks after their arrival his father died o'^ a malij^nant fever that was racing at the time. After leaving school Mr. Mallon was apprenticed to the butcher business in the St. Lawrence Market. In the year 1861 he commenced business for himself in Stall No. 14, in that market, and succeeded so well that in the year 1864 he found it necessary to add Stall No. il), which he leased from his former employer, Mr. Murphy, whom he had served as apprentice and foreman. In the year 1863 he added Stall No. 12 to his premises, and at the same time his brother-in-law, Mr. M. J. Woods, joined him in partnership, since which time the business has been conducted under the firm name of John Mallon & Co. Mr. Mallon was a trustee for one of the separate schools in West York for a number of years, and has also been a member of the Toronto Separate School Board. He was Alderman of the City of Toronto during the years 1873 and 1874. In the year 1876 he was appointed a Justice of the ^^ Peace. He held the otTice of Treasurer of the village of | '~, j Brockton from its incorpora- tion in the year 1880, until Toronto in the year 1884. tor of the Toronto Savings amalgamated with the Home became a stockholder in that he became a member oi the of Toronto, and in the year the Y'ork Pioneers. He has enterprises, such as shipping London and Glasgow, and live-stock export trade. He real estate. In religion Mr. In politics he is a Liberal and Chairman of the Reform Ward (now Ward six). its annexation to the City of He was an Honorary Direc- 'ianu, and when it was Saving and Loan Company, company. In the year 1886 Board of Trade of the City 1890 became a member oi been connected with several cured meats to Liverpool, has likewise engaged in the has also dealt successfully in Mallon is a Roman Catholic, has held the position of Association of St. Mark's His wife, Ellen E. Mallon, is a daughter of the late James and Ellen Woods of the County of Longford, Ireland. They have eleven children, the eldest of whom is a graduate in Arts and Law of the University of Toronto, and is at present junior member of the law firm of Ross, Cameron & Mallon. His second son is ledger-keeper in the Home Savings and Loan Co. The firm of John Mallon & Co. is among the largest, oldest and best of its kind in Toronto. That the firm has been in existence for the last thirty years is conclusive evidence of its sterling worth and reliability. John Mallon & Co. are dealers on a very large scale. The firm trade in mess beef to a very great extent, and is prepared to supply it in car loads or in smaller quantities. In addition to this they have always on hand according to the various seasons some Q^ the best of meats, together with game, poultry and venison. They also keep a splendid stock of butter and eggs. Seven competent assistants are required to keep pace with the trade done. Both in commercial and in private life Mr. Mallon has the warm regard of a host of personal friends. Mr. Mallon resides at No. 708 Dundas street, in a large, handsome house, standing in its own grounds, which he erected some years ago. He also owns Mallon Hall and a fine block of stores on the same street, besides consider- able properly in the same neighborhood. When Mr. Mallon first settled on Dimdas street, that portion of it was hardly built upon, being little better than a bush, and was known as the Village of Brockton. Since its annexation to the city of Toronto everything has changed. There are many fine stores and private residences, electric cars and fights, well paved streets, churches, etc. ; and the present state of affairs is largely due to the enter- prise and energy o\' the people in that neighborhood, of whom the subject of this sketch is not among the least enterprising. No o\^c begrudges him the success he has obtained in the country of his adoption and in the city that has adopted him. Owing to his extensive business Mr. Mallon takes no part at present in public matters. BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUMBER. ;ind, September 22nd, ;md Margaret Mullen, ;d in Toronto. A few as raiding at the time, business in the St. imself in Stall \o. 14, d it necessary to add , whom he had served 2 to his premises, and 1 in partnership, since of John Mallon & Co. York for a number of lool Board. He was 1 the year 1876 he was He held the otTice of on from its incorpora- exation to the City of s an Honorary Direc- rind when it was ; and Loan Company, ny. In the year 1886 of Trade of the City Decame a member of onnected with several meats to Liverpool, cewise engaged in the so dealt successfully in \ is a Roman Catholic, eld the position of ition of St. Mark's fe, Kllen E. Mallon, is gford, Ireland. They w of the University of Cameron & Mallon. o. The firm of John >ronto. That the firm e of its sterling worth e. Tile firm trade in ir loads or in smaller o the various seasons n. They also keep a equired to keep pace Mallon has the warm Dundas street, in a ted some years ago. oot, besides consider- ed on Dundas street, h, and was known as ronto everything has cars and lights, well gely due to the enter- bject of this sketch is ss he has obtained in wing to his extensive ALEXANDER A. ALLAN. The firm of Messrs. A. A. Allan & Co., Wholesale Hats, Furs, etc.. No. 51 Bay street, Toronto, of which Mk. Ai.kxanoer A. Ai.i-.w is the senior partner, is one of the best known firms in that line of business in the Dominion. The house was established sixteen years ago by Mr. Allan, and ever since has met with uninterrupted success. The premises on Bay street are very exten- , «'\'^'' being seven stories high, containing eight floors, The firm employs about a various departments, and has constantly on the road, visit- Dominion. Mr. A. A. Allan 1842, in the Island of South ney group, Scotland. The in the year 1842, and settled age of twelve Mr. .Allan resided for a period of six City of Toronto. After a mercial traveller for various lished the present business in ander \. Allan is a Presby- agers of St. James Square became a member of the seven each 35 X 118 feet in size, hundred clerks, etc., in the seven commercial travellers ing every portion of the was born on 14th M.irch, Ronaldshay, one of the Ork- family came to this country at Fort Rowan, Ont. At the went to Cobourg, where he years, when he came to the long experience as a com- wholesale houses, he estab- the year 1877. Mr. Alex- terian, and one of the Man- Presbyterian Church. lie Board of Trade in the vcar He is also a member of St. Andrew's 1884, and is a member of the Council of the Board. Society. In the year 1888 he was elected President of the Commercial Traveller's Association, and is now President of the Orkney and Shetland Society. Mr. Allan takes a deep interest in the welfare of Toronto. WILLIAM FOSTER COCKSHUTT. Mr. William Foster Cockshltt, Merchant, Brantford, Ont., has been active in Board of Trade circles for some years. He was President of the Brantford Board of Trade in 1888, and was elected as a delegate to the Congress of Boards of Trade held in London, luigland, in i,-.i)2. and to the World's Fair Congress of Boards of Trade in 1893. He became a member of the 1890. Mr. Cockshutt is a born in the City of Brant- Brantford, and at the Cialt when seventeen years of age remaining there until 1877. tended trip to I-'ngland, warehouses, both in London gathering information in spices, etc., and also the its details. On his return to sumed his position ot mana- and hardware business, in 1882. He has continued occupying enlarged premises, four storeys high, each Toronto Board of Trade in native Canadian, and was ford, in 1855. He studied at Collegiate Institute, and entered his father's store, That year he made an ex- where he spent some time in and West Hartlepool, regard to teas, coflees, genera' provision trade in all Canada Mr. Cockshutt re- ger of his father's grocery buying out those branches in the trade ever since, There are two large stores, „_ , 25 x 132 feet in uimensions. A staff of twelve hands is einploved. Mr. Cockshut; IS a moderate Conservative in his political views, and contested South Brant in 1887, in opposition to Mr. William Patterson, M.P. He is a much respected business man m his native city, and has done not a little to promote its welfare. Mr. Cockshutt takes a deep interest in the English situation. BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NL KRNKST WILLIAM TRLNT. Mr. ICrnest W. Tkhnt, Manaijer of the Grenadier Ice & Coal Co., was born in the Township ot Georgma. near the village of Sutton, County of York, August 12th, iH6v His parents were both Knglish and came to Canada in 1854, his father, who is still living, having been a large landed proprietor in Yorkshire, Kngland, and owned a large farm HI York County, Ont. Mr. public schools and Collegiate menced his mercantile life in Chapman & Sons, of Toron- Warehousemen, remaining ing promoted to the position Chapman, senior, the head of Mr. Trent then became head Cliapman & Co., and remain- that year he joined the Gren- which was formed in 1H80, ner in and manager of the sists of Mrs. Wilma Chap- Mr, Trent. The firm does a of ice being i tamed from purest ice supplies near the ployed all the year round. Treasurer during 1892 of the the Roval Arcanum tive f^ Trent was educated in the Institute, Toronto. He com- 1877 as a junior with Messrs. to, (ieneral Merchants and with that firm until 1882, be- '^i head bookkeeper. Mr. the firm, died in 1882, and bookkeeper for the firm of ed such until 1885. During adier Ice & Coal Company, Mr. Trent becoming a part- same. The Company con- man, .\lfred Chapman and large business, their supply Grenadier Lake, one of the city. .About 75 men are em- Mr. Trent was Secretary- Lake Simcoe Ice Supply Co. (Limited), and is a member of He joined the Hoard of Trade in 1886 and in politics is a Conserva- Mr. Trent is regarded as a reliable, energetic, active gentleman, and his man)' excel- lent personal qualities have won for him tlie esteem of all. The Tore the enterprisiii ment and bus Canadian new trade in peril of merchandii' which the bu^ side arrange! huge post o labelled box ; are placed a often as the re: various series lines of static 56 years ago, parents at a came to H; 1862, where 1 of King and near the Post About sevent News Co., ov '• Grip," but ! the Board of ' The Imperial WILLIAM THOMSON. Mr. Wim-IAM Thomson is a highly respected and very old member ot the Board ot Trade, which organization he joined twenty-six years ago. He was Vice-President of the Board during the years 1871 and 1872, and President during 1873. He was born at Dun- dee, Scotland, May 25th. 1831 across the ocean in a small weeks and three days to ther se'tled in Toronto in was one ol the first members subject oi this sketch com- at the age of fifteen, in the iV Co., remaining with the years of age, when he started hardware and earthenware east, subsequently removing back again to Front street. .Michie iV Co., he built a \'nnge and Front streets, buying the property west of which three large ware- which his firm occupied, the business was continued there He accompanied his father to Canada in 1839, commg sailing vessel, taking seven make the passage. His fa- the grocery business, and of the Board oi Trade. The menced his commercial career employ of Bryce, McMurrich firm until he was twenty-five for himself in the wholesale business on Front street to \'onge street, and finally logether with Messrs. Geo. warehouse at the corner of selling it out afterwards and ;he Bank ot Montreal, on houses were erected, two of other being rented. The until 188: In 187J and 1873 Mr. Thomson was a member of the City Council for St. John's and St. Georges WaVds. and Chairman of the Walks and Ciardens Committee. He was President ot the Northern Railway, and contested West Toronto for the local legislature in the Liberal interest. .Mr. Thomson is a member of St. .Andrew's Society. Mr. Wil Nurserymen, father was a n settled in Ot business, course of stud Wellington er acquired a kn later he ct the employ was extended After two ye England firm gusta, Main he returned ti Mr. Stone of Wellington, from the St;i this, the firn Fonthill nurst died and .M business. Mr Fruit Grower! and is a mei 1886, and is a 16* ifik 1^ 71 ADE SOUVENIR NUMBER 243 ANDRKVV S. IRVING. rl The Toronto News Co., of which the subject of this sketch is the President, is one of the enterprising;: firms of Canada, and its success is principally due to Mr. Irving's manage- ment and business talent. He has always been a hard w.'rker and is the pioneer of the Canadian news business. The Toronto News Co. confines itself now to the wholesale trade in periodicals, books of merchandise their trade is which the business is man- side arrangement of their huge post ollico, each oS. labelled box into which all are placed as soon as re- often as the respectivedealers various series of no\ els and lines of stationery, etc. Mr. 56 years ago, and emigrated parents at an early age. came to Hamilton, Out., 1862, where he began busi- of King and Jordan streets, near the Post OfTice and the About seventeen years ago and stationery. In this line laige and the system with aged is admirable. The in- premises much resembles a their customers having a his papers and periodicals ceived and then shipped as desire. They carry all the books published, also full Irving was born in Scotland to the I'nited States with his While still a young man he removing to Toronto in ness for himself at the corner He soon had two stores, one other on King street west. he formed The Toronto Some years ago he started Irving became a member of News Co., over which he has watched with greatest care. " Grip," but sold it out on account of other business. Mr the Board of Trade in 1881. He is a 'irector of the Groat North Western Telegraph Co., The Imperial Trusts Co., and other companies. WMLLIAM EDGAR WELLIN(iTON. Mk. William E. Wellington, head of the well-known firm of Stone and Wellington, Nurserymen, 49 Wellington street east, was born at Oshawa, February 14th, 1849. His father was a native of Padstow, Cornwall, and came to Canada when a young man, and settled in Oshawa, where he established a cabinet factory. He is now retired from business. When sixteen 1 years of age, and after a course of study in the Gram- mar School at Oshawa, Mr. Wellington entered the oHice of the I'iiidica/or, where he acquired a knowledge of the _ .,,^^. ; printing business. Four years later he commenced his '^^"""^L, career as a nurseryman in the employ of a Rochester f ifeft, firm. When the business was extended to Canada Mr. Bft^i^ ^^fe*'^ Wellington came to Toronto. After two years he entered ^^^^ J^^^S into partnership with a New England firm. Chase Hros., WB||IPJ^^* with headquarters at Au- gusta, Maine. .After the •fc' ^^P lapse of another two years, he returned to Toronto and ^.^^^^fc^^B^^ formed a partnership with Mr. Stone of Rochester, un- '^IJ^^bI^^HHbP^ '^^'^ ^'^'~' name of Stone and Wellington. At first the ' K^SSK^^^ '" '"^'" ''"ported all its stock from the States, but when lyW^j^F^ f die National Policy stopped this, the firm purchased a " . / two-thirds interest in the Fonthill nurseries in county f. Welland. In 1882 Mr. Stone died and Mr. Wellington bought all his interest in the business. Mr. Wellington is a Director of the Industrial Exhibition .Association, Canadian Fruit Growers' Association, St. Cieorge's Society, a Past President of St. George's Society, and is a member of Zetland Lodge. .A. F. and A. M. He joined the Board of Trade in 1886, and is a Con.servative. i i 31 244 BOARD OF TRADE ROHKRT A. WOOD. An old established and represonlalive lunise en<^aj>^cd in the paint, oil, <;lass and color trade is that of Messrs. Stewart i\: Wood, No. 82 and 84 ^'ork street. Ihis business was rjl w i eslablislied in the year 1S80 by Messrs have a thoroiiy;h knowledj^e of the trade ment siores, each being- of the best selected stock in the deal larj>;eiy in and import ^lass, turpentine, white lead plies, 'riiefirm are the largesi Canada, niakinjj a specialty strictly wholesale business. son of a Wesleyan Methodist Canada as a representative look after their interests in missions. Mr. Wood was New Brunswick, 1839, where to Toronto when he was educated at the St. Paul's Hloor street, and at V'ictoria began his business life as an Lyman Hros. after passini;^ his examination in pharmacy, and in i860 commenced business for himself on N'onj^e street, as a drujjfgist. In 1880 he entered into partnership with Mr. W. H. Stewart and established their present business. Mr. Wood became a member of the Board oi Trade in the year 1885 and in politics is a Retormer. THO.MAS GIBB WILLIAMSON. Mk. Thomas (Jibh Williamson was born at Sanquhar, Dumfriesshire, Scotland, on the 29lh of October, 1844. Mr. Williamson was launched upon the troubled sea o( commerce in Leith in the year i860, where he spent four years with a ship-ownins;' firm. From there Mr. Williamson went to Liverpool where, with the firm of John R. Pattinson, tea and sugar broker, he received a groundwork in the business W. B. Stewart and R. A. Wood, both of whom They occupy two spacious four story and base- considerable area, containing Dominion of Canada. They paints, oils, varnishes, window and all kinds of painters sup- glass and color merchants in ol cathedral glass, and do a .\Ik. RoHiCKP A. Wood is a clergyman who came to of the Lnglish conference to this country, especially their born in the City of St. John, his parents settled. He came eight years of age and was Cluirch Crammer School, on University, Cobourg. He apprentice with Messrs. which he now so successfully made another move south to there spent four years with silk merchants. l""rom Lon- the very centre of the tea country he spent twelve eight in the British Colony of VVilliamson came to Toronto all branches oi his business trade peculiarly fitted him for years after his arrival in Can- the Board of Trade. He is a ciety, and like many of his party in politics but is an means an indiflerent spec- which so often ayitale the follows. From Liverpool he the great metropolis and Adamson ^i Co., tea and don Mr. Williamson went to business China --in which vears, four in Shanghai and Hong Kong. In 1883 Mr. where his long experience in and in the centres of the tea his present business. I'wo ada Mr. Williamson joined member of St. Andrew's So- counlrymen inclinesto neither Independent, but is by no tator of the political battles country of his adoption. He believes in measures and not men, and his support is always given to the men and party who in his opinion have the welfare of the great Dominion deepest at heart. As a citizen of the Queen City of the West Mr. Williamson takes a deep interest in its destiny and is ever ready to support all measures tending to its progress. BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUMBER. lit, oil, ^Iriss Jiiul color >t. I'liis business was . Wood, both of whom IS four story and basc- ;rablt> area, containing' ion of Canada. They oils, varni.shes, window kinds of painters sup- md coU^r merchants in ledral glass, and do a OHKKT A. VVooo is a nan who came to I'^nf^lish conference to unlry, especially their 1 the City of St. John, •ents settled, lie came years of aj^e and was 1 Cirammer School, on 'sity, Cobourg. He itice with Messrs. imination in pharmacy, drug^gist. In 1880 he their present business. 8K5 and in politics is a JAMJiS SWAN RUSSKLL. Mr. (aaiics Swan Rrssici.i., importer and wholesale dealer in fancy goods, ii4liay street, was born on his father's farm in I.anarkshire, Scotland, in 1826, and was educated at the parish school of Lesmyhagow, Lanarkshire. Whei. 14 years of age he obtained a position as clerk in a dry goods store with the old hrm of John Mclntyre & Co., (Jlasgow, at the Cross, and opposite Mc(iregor was hanged. He entered into partnership in under the name of Hum- eral storekeepers, milling and after a short lime, and went bought out Mr. .A. P. Cock- general store in the Township mained there tour or five 1869 he removed to Toronto, J. G. Joseph tS: Co., dealers until 1878, when he estab- which he has been very suc- from the most famous ling- trian, Scotch and American business in curling stones the steeple where Rob Roy came to Canada in 1857, and business near Feterboro, phries, Russell X: Co., gen- lumbering. He sold out to North \'ictoria, where he burn, M.P. P., who kept a ol Kldon. Mr. Russell re- years, anti then sold out. In and was manager for .Messrs. in fancy goods and Jewellery, lished his present business at cessful. He imports direct lish, French, German, Aus- houses, and does an extensive which he gets made to an devising at a curling stone improved model of his own factory in Scotland. The premises on Bay street are three storeys high, and are 24 x 100 feet in area. Mr. Russell employs seven clerks, and has travellers constantly upon the road. He is a member of St. Andrew's Society, and of the Ontario Curling Association. Mr. Russell joined the Board of Trade in i8b5, and is a Liberal. GEORGK WHITHHKAl) BOOTH. shire, Scotland, on the ibled sea <>'( commerce ing firm. Krom there V. Pattinson, tea and work in the business From Liverpool he reat metropolis and on iV' Co., tea and r. Williamson went to hs China "in which four in Shanghai and Kong. In 1883 Mr. his long experience in the centres of the tea isent business. I'wo r. Williamson joined r of St. Andrew's So- ymen inclinesto neither ndent, but is by no )f the political battles y of his adoption. He to the men and party it heart. As a citizen t in its destiny and is Mr. C.korc-.k Whitkhkad Booth, Commission Merchant and Dealer in Small Wares and Fancy Goods, No. 55 Front street west, Toronto, is of English descent, being a son of Mr. George Booth, who came originally from Manchester, England, and is the head of the old established firm of Messrs. George Booth vV Son, of Toronto. The subject of this sketch was born in the ancient Canadian Capital in the year 1853, and acquired mar School in this city. Mr. mercial career in the year H. A. Nelson & Co., Impor- in European and American P'ront street west, and at Montreal. He remained with and then removed to the City tered the employ of Messrs. Dealers in I'ancy Goods and Booth remained with the firm the expiration of which he re- City of Toronto, as a part- of the business of Messrs. successors to the firm of & Co. The firm does a verv hiseducation in the old (iram- Booth commenced his coni- 1870, with the firm of .Messrs. ters and Wholesale Dealers Fancy Cioods, Toys, etc., No. 591063 St. IVter street, the firm for a numherof years, of New V'ork, where he en- Oscar Strasburger { establishment for more than ation of that period Mr. partnership with the Bilkin a short time and he then tailor on King street west, ing up a very successful trade, from business and is now free from the cares and upon those engaged in it. considerable amount of mili- Queen's Own Rifles many and Mr. McMahon com- as a journeyman tailor with wards engaging with other He finally entered the em- well known to the trade at cutter, remaining in that twenty years. At the expir- McMahon entered into a Brothers, but it only lasted started alone as a merchant and soon succeeded in build- After some years he retired enjoying his remaining years worries which trade entails Mr. McMahon has seen some tary life. He joined the years ago and served in the regiment for eleven years, live years of them as a sergeant in No. 2 Company. When the Fenian Raids took place he went with the regiment to the front and was actively engaged at the battle of Ridgeway. Mr. McMahon became a member of the Board of Trade in 1885 and in politics is a Liberal-Conservative. RICHARD JOHN SCORK. Mr. Richard John Scork, for several years an alderman of the city and the head of a large merchant tailoring establishment, is well known in Toronto. He was born in the city, March qth, 1842, and was educated at the Model school, Toronto, and the Grammar school under principal Mr. Howe and at Niagara Clrammar school. Mr. Score's parents came from Bideford, Devon- , , sh -e, England, in 1831 and engaging in the tailoring firm of R. Score in 1843. and is eighty-six years oi one of the oldest tailoring Score commenced his busi- father's store, being admitted elected to the City Council was chairman of the Parks the principal mover in getting trom (iarrison Common and of land for the use of the tion Association, of which he years. He is superintendent Sunday School and for two Executive Committee of the Ontario, and now occupies When an alderman he supported the settled in Toronto, his father business, establishing the Mr. Score senior is still alive age, his establishment being houses in Canada. Mr. ncss career as a clerk in his a partner in i860. He was in 1890, 1891 and 1892, and and Gardens Committee, and the Rifle Ranges removed obtaining several more acres Toronto Industrial Exhibi- has been director for four of the Elm street Methodist years was chairman of the Sunday School Association of the honorable position of president of the association, agreement with the present Street Railway Co., and took an active part in municipal mat- ters. He was on the executive committee to arrange the Esplanade difficultywith the rail- ways. Mr. Score joined the Board of Trade in 1886, and is a Conservative. il \1 246 HOARD OF TRADE SO* 4 r iji 1 i UOHKRT BURNS SKINNKR. Mr. Kohkrt H. Skinnkk, a partner in the firm of James A. Skinner i\: Co., wholesale crockery, g'lassware, etc., ^f) Wellinj^ton street west, was born at llamillon, Ont., May 7th, 185J, his parents coniinj;- iVom Scothind about filty years aj,'o. I le was educated at a private school in Hamilton, and at Dr. Tassie's school at Gait. Mr. Skinner commenced his commercial career on King street, Hamilton, as salesman, buyer and traveller Skinner & Co., which busi- Skinner's father and brother, from 1K30 to iSi)2. Mr. throughout the entire Do- of the death of Mr. Andrew of the business, and in 1H77 Owin^^ to the advantajjes ot- ness was removed to this city immense trade all over the house in its line in Canada by openinj^ a branch estab- The warehouse in this city, tirely occupied by the firm, is city. luyfht travellers are and a larj^e number of hands lor the firm i.ii James A. ness was established by Mr. and carried on in Hamilton Skinner travelled for this firm munon. 18 /.■>• at the time Skinner, he became manager was taken into partnership, fered by Toronto, the busi- in i8()2. The firm does an [dominion, being the first to push trade in the West lishment at Vancouver, B.C. seven stories high, and en- the largest of its kind in the constantly upon the road, are employed. The firm four years in the same keeps the most complete stock of crockery and glassware, and imports from the leading British houses. Mr. Skinner is a Freemason, was a director of the Hamilton Central l''air, and was a member of the Council of the Hamilton Board of Trade. He became a member of the Board of Trade in 1892, and in politics is a supporter of the Government. JOSKPH BI.AIN ALI.KN. Mr. Joseph Blain Ai.lkn, No. 89 Isabella street, retired hardware merchant, is an Englishman by birth and was born at Bowness, in the County of Cumberland, August 3rd, in the year 1838. .After receiving his primary education in the City of Carlisle he city at the grocery and drug 1856 he came to this country the village of Malton, County complete his education Mr. Buffalo, where he attended a When twenty-one \ears of as a partner, he went into at Malton. This partnership years, when the subject of and bought out the hardware King street east, having as a partner, under the name In the year i884, by mutual dissolved. Mr. Allen con- name of Messrs. J. B. Allen he gave it up and has since piu'suits. Mr. Allen became Trade in the year 1S85 and member of Queen City Lodge, served an apprenticeship of business, and in the year with his parents, settling at of Peel, Ont. .Anxious to Allen went to the City of commercial college for a time, age, together with his brother the general store business lasted for a period of twelve this ske 1 came to this city- business of Mr. John Mead, associated with him Mr. Ross of Messrs. Ross & Allen, consent the partnership was tinned it alone under the & Co. until 1891, when been engaged in various a member of the Board of in politics is a supporter of the Liberal party. He is a Independent Order of Foresters. He is well known in Toronto, and when in business had the reputation of being a thorough hardware man, obtaining the esteem of the best com mercial men in the citv. \RD OF TRADE iiOUVENIR NUMBER. r X: Co., wholesale iiiiltou, Onl., May 10 was educated at kiniier commenced et, Hamilton, as rm oi James A. ■stablished by Mr. 11 on in Hamilton avelled for this firm !n 1H75, at the time e became manager into partnership, roronto, the busi- The firm does an being the first rade in the West t Vancouver, B.C. ries high, and en- of its kind in the upon the road, oyed. The firm s from the leading Hamilton Central de. He became a f the Government. GliOIUlK KKITH. Among the seed merchants ot Toronto, Mu. CJkokue Kkith, 124 King street east, is widely known as occupying a foremost place. Through energy and ability and a thorough knowledge of the business he has succeeded in building up an extensive connection, prin- cipally exporting clover seeds to Cireat Britain, Ireland, Germany, France, and Holland. ** - '''^•'- '- :- M — deenshire, Scotland, iti 1H3H. Scotch, his father being a distant from the present seat Governor-General of Canada. .Mr. Keith started life as an seed store in Peterhead, for four years. In iH^q he at Whitby, Ont., where for grocery and seed store for berts. Failing health com- at the expiration of that a couple of years. Returning the same lirm for about a ronto and established his Market, just below the Albion about three years and a half chased and moved to his Mr. Keith was born in Aber- Both his parents were farmer, about twenty miles of the ICarl of .Aberdeen, When fifteen years oi age, apprentice in a grocery and Scotland, where he remained came to Canada and settled three years he managed a Messrs. Hamilton and Ro- pelled him to revisit Scotland period, where he remained tor to Whitby he engaged with year, when he came to To- present business in the luist Hotel on Jarvis street, .\fter had elapsed, Mr. Keith pur present premises to Mr. Keith is Treasurer ot St. .Andrew's Society, and a member oi the Caledonian and Gaelic Societies. He joined the Board of Trade in 1H85, and was a mem- ber of the Corn Kxchange. In politics he is an Independent Reformer. Mr. Keith married in i86g Miss Dow, daughter of the late Mr. Wm. Dow of Whitby, Customs Collector. JOHN FORBFS MICIHK e merchant, is an riand, August 3rd, ity of Carlisle he ^jrocery and drug me to this country of Malton, County his education Mr. here he attended a L.Mity-one years of ner, he went into This partnership en the subject of t out the hardware et east, having ;r, under the name 1 884, by mutual Mr. .Allen con- lessrs. J. B. .Allen up and has since Mr. .Allen became the year 1S85 and ueen City Lodge, en in business had n of the best corn- is at Nos. s': and MiCHiE & Co. are perhaps the largest Importers and Retailers of Wines, Spirits, Groceries, Provisions and Cigars in Toronto. The house dates back sixty years, and is well qualified to do a large business, and the patronage received is good evidence that it does. The head oHice branch at 440 Spadina Ave., ants are employed. Mr. born in Aberdeenshire, Scot- his education at the Gram- He came to Canada when and entered the employ of remained for a short time. Co. was established in 183(1 1840 George Michie was years after this business re- death of Mr. Ogilvie, and Fulton were admitted as Fulton, Michie i.V Co. In and the surviving part nets twenty years. Mr. James the retirement of Mr. Fulton other reorganization. J. F. King street west, with a and over twenty-five assist- .Michie, head of the firm, was land, in 186b, and acquired mar School in .Aberdeen, 'wenty-three years of age Davidson (S: Hay, where he The business of Michie & by .A. Ogilvie tV' Co. In admitted to the firm. Twelve lations were dissolved by the Mr. James Michie and .A. T. partners, under the name of i8()o Mr. Cieo. Michie died, continued together tor nearly Michie's death in 1883, and the next year, caused an- Michie and his sons, Forbes and George S., became the firm. Three years later Mr. J. F. Michie died, and the two sons, George and Forbes, carried on the "business. After their death Mr. John Forbes Michie acquired full contr.-l. He joined the Boird of Trade in 1893, is a Captain in the 48th Highlanders, and belongs to St. Andrew's and Caledonian Societies' Athletic Club>. BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NU. RICHARD t I.ARKK STKKI.K. The Steele. \W\'^^s, Marcon Seed Co. of Toroiilo, fornierlv known as the Steele l^ro- thers Co.. 105 and 107 Kront street east, is amonjf the larj^ost houses oi ilie kind in Canada, and has acquired sometliinj,' more than a proviiuial reputation. It was started in 1S7;,. and fifteen years later it was mer^vd into the present joint Stock Co.. with Mu. R. C. Sri;i;i.i:. President; .Mr. _^ "s. K. Hrijr^-s. Vice-President ; Secretary. The stock of and Mr. W. 11. .Marcon. seeds kept at the wholesale plete in every det.iil. enihra- not only in Canada and tiie as well. .Mr. Richard C. cern, is a native C'anadian. Out., in i.S4^^. He aci.|iiired and commenced his mercan- 1837, in the employ ol' cers and Seedsmen, with years. .\t the exjiiration \:ii C")shawa, and for nine years ther in that town in the >jro- Durini;" tiie month <^i Peh- to Toronto and laid the flourishin*;- business then C\v He became a member ot department is full and com- cin^- those that are j^rown I'nited States, but in luuope Steele, the head oi the \:on- and wiis born at Colbtirne, his education at Port Hope, tile career at Bowman ville in Messrs. Murdoch Hros., (Iro- whom he remained seven that period he moved to was associated with his bro- cery and seed business, ruary 1H73. .Mr. .Steele came foundation of the present known as the Steele Hros. the Board of Trade in 1SS4, and is ;i member of the Board of .Arbitration, and in iiS,S7 was a memlier of the Council of the Board. In politics Mr. Steele sympathizes with the Reform party. The extensive business, of which he is the head, furnishes employment to over one lumdred men and twelve travellers. Mu. VVii.i. lA'X'esconte, w father having' e a^^e of eij^hty-ll X'ictoria Cnivei B..\. in 1H74. I some years M teachinfj. He bourj^r C'olle}j;i sor of Mather .Abandoniii},'" th law in the otfii Craken, C^ttaw White, Pembi and Falkiner, l"'oy and Tup| bar, I'ehruar} Bencher i>i tlu commenced pr; was head of bitt. He joint conte in 1S92. several years ( elected a men l'"xaniiiier in I.i ANGELO ^^CHAKL FRANCIS CilANFLLI. Tiie Chevalier .\.N'i'.i:i.o Micii.\i;i. I-'kancis liiANKi.i.i, Consul for Italy, has been in this countrv for a number of years, coming- liere just after the conclusion of th Crimean War. Chevalier Ciaiielli was born in th was educated at the National Colleg-e lege at Torino. Italy. He , in 1S52 and sailed for the m contingent in 1S54. when France and Turkey ajj^ainst Canada and settled in Mon- and spirit business. He succeedinjc the late iirm c\^ in the wine and spirit busi- consul for Italy tor Lower confederation was formally the whole Dominion and the In 1876 he was appointed Italy at the Centennial Ivx- 1877 he was created Cheval- his commission beinji^ the last late King of Italy, \'ictor business \ P e ,,i.. ... u.iC City oi Cienoa, Italy, in 1S3J and the city of his birth and at the .Military Col- joined the Sardinian .Army Crimea with the Sardinian that country joined luigland. Russia. In 1856 he came to treal. going into the wine removed to Toronto in 1884, Quetton, St. Ceorge \- Co., ness. He was appointed Canada in 1862. and at appointed Italian Consul for colony of Newfoundland, Fxecutive Commissioner for hibition at Philadelphia, and ier of the Crown of Italy, one signed by H. M.. the ICmmanuel. The Chevalier's Kiny: street west. near business premises' are on ' " '^""^^ street west. near \'onge. with a branch establishment for Mediterranean produce at 37 A onge street In politics he is a Conservative and he joined the Board of Trade in 1887. Since he has been in this country Chevalier Gianelli has thoroughly identified himseit with the institutions and customs of the country, and is held in high esteem both in commercial and social circles. Mu. J. K. Leslie, came tc been known al Schools, and s the Model Cra his commercial of Messrs. I']. ( with the Cana Offered a clei accepted it am years, afterwai Leslienurserie; tion of clerk for seven year Leslie was a 1 has taken an He is I St Vice and the House Director of land, and T< dustrial F^xhil Master oi Or\(. member of Ge( Court East Tc Gardeners' am DE SOUVENIR NUMBER -'47 WII.IJAM RKNVVIC K RIDDKI.L. Mk. VVii.i.ia.m Kknwuk Rinnhi.i., of tlie law lirrn ^^^ Messrs. Millar. KiiUlcll and LoVosconti;, was born near Cobmir^'-, Ont., April ()tli, iH^j. He is dI' Scotch descent, his father iiavinj,' eitii}^rated to Canada iVoni Dimilriesshire, in iH^^, and is still siirvivin},^ at the age o( eif^hty-lhree. Mr. Kiddell was educated at the Cobourj; C'ollefjiate Institute and at from the latter the dej,'ree of and LL.H. in 1H7H. I-"or lowed the professii>n of niatical Miister at the Co- aiid was afterwards Profes- N'ormal School, Ottawa, leachinfj, .Mr. Riddeil studied Scott, MacTavish anu Mc- in the oll'ice of Mr. W. R. the i>l1ice oi Messrs, i)ou).(aI linally in the oilice of Messrs. and was duly called to the iH()i he was elected a by a larjjfe vote. .Mr. Riddeil 18H3 at t"obourj4', where he Riddeil, .Xrmstronj;^ and Nes- Millar. Riddeil and I.eVes- Victoria University, receiving H.A. in 1H74, H.Sc. in iS;-!), sonie years Mr. Riddeil lol- teaching. He was Mathe- bourg Collegiate Institute, sor of Mathematics at the .Abandoning the profession ol law in the oilice o'i Messrs. Craken, Ottawa, afterwards White, Penibrt ke, then in and l-'alkiner, |{elle\ille, ami Koy and Tupper, Toronto, bar, I'ebruary, iSS^. In liencher i>i the Law Society commenced practising law in was head of the firm of bitl. He joined the firm of conte in i(Si)j. He is President of the West N'orliuimberland Reform .\ssociation, was for several years Chairman o'i the Collegiate institute Hoard, Cobourg, and has been twice elected a member of the Senate of Victoria University, and has been for some years Examiner in Law of Toronto University. He joined the Hoard of Trade in 1802. JOHN KNOX I.KSLIH. Mu. J. K. Liisi.iii was born in Toronto in 1840. His father, the late Mr. Cieorge Leslie, came to Canada in 1825, since which time his name as a successful nurseryman has been known all over the Dominion. Mr. j. K. Leslie waN educated at the Toronto Public Schools, and subsequently at the Collei,nato Institute, Cieorgetown, Ontario, and fuially at 'Toronto. He commenced Hanking and T^xchange Oilice leaving to take a position Huilding & Loan Society. Royal Canadian Hank he that institution for three the business aiTairs f^i the In 1880 he accepted the posi- ship of V'ork, which lie tilled 1887. For some years Mr. City Council of Toronto, and the proceedings of that body. Kxcelsior Lite Insurance Co., vestment Co. of Toronto ; a Produce Co. of London, Kng- member of the Toronto In- tion. He is also a Past Past Z. of Orient Chapter, No. 79 ; a the Model Grammar School, his commercial career in the of Messrs. V.. ChalVey X: Co., with the Canada Permanent Offered a clerkship in the accepted it and remained in years, afterwards conducting Leslie nurseries at Leslieville. tion of clerk of the Town- for seven years, resigning in Leslie was a member of the has taken an active part in He is 1st Vice President i^i and the House and Land In- Director of the Imperial land, and 'Toronto, and a dustrial Exhibition Associa- Master of Orient Lodge, No. .>,i"^ &A 39. A. member of GeotTry de St. Aldemar Preceptory ol Knights 'Templar ; Past Chiet Ranger, Court East 'Toronto, LO.F. ; P.M.W. Crystal Lodge, A.O.U.W. ; and a member of the Gardeners' and I-'lorists' Club of 'Toronto. He is an ex-member of the Queen's Own Rifles. I 248 BOARD OF TRADE S DAWSON WILSON I'ORT. Ill l-'i IMI Mk. Dawson Wilson Port, head of the firm of D. W. I'ort & Co., foot of West Market street, Toronto, is the largest dealer in fresh water fish in the Dominion, being the owner of fisheries at Saiilt St. Marie, Killarney, Cabot's Head, Meaford, Coilingwood, and a salmon fishery on the I*"raser river, British Columbia. 1833, in County Derry, ire- hotel keeper and chandler, tied at Kingston, where he hotel keeper, remaining ten went to Troy, r>..Y., where ing at his trade of a soap family then returned to Can- St. John's, Quebec, where D. W. Port went to Colling- erected a soap and candle but ultimately went into the brother, the firm employing Georgian Bay, the catch Toronto and the United years he held the position lector and treasurer of Toronto fifteen years ago, foot of West Market street. He was born in the year land, his father being an l\'r. Port, senior, first set- went into the business of years. From Kingston he he remained four years work- and candle maker. The ada, settling in the town of Mr. Port, senior, died. Mr. wood in 1855 and there factory and a stave factory, fishing business with his forty first c'ass boats on the being sent principally to States' markets. For ten of a town councillor, col- Collingwood. He settled in occupying premises at the For years past Mr, Port has given employment to a large number of men and is well-known tor straight-forward dealing by business men, both in Toronto and in the lake ports of Georgian Bay. He is a Reformer in politics and joined the Board of Trade in 1885. THOM.AS DUNNETT, i 'i Mr. Thomas Dunnett, sole proprietor of the firm ot Thos. Dunnett & Co., 30 Wel- lington street west, is a son of William Dunnett and Janet Black, both natives of Caith- ness, and was born in the Royal Burgh of Wick, Caithness-shire, Scotland, on the 21st of April, 1847. His father, now deceased, carried on for many years a saddlery business in Wick. Mr. Dunnett was educated at the Free Church After gra- School at Wick and gra- duating he remained at the teacher, removing tlience to he became organization mas- and occupied that position he came to Kingston, Cana- cupation as school teacher. School in the above city for cepted a position as purser between Kingston and Cape years spent in this occupa- Toronto, and was for some sen & Co., and in 1880 wholesale hat and fur line in In 1886 Mr. Briggs retired, rapidly that the following duated there. school for 5-everal years as a the City of Aberdeen, where ler in Charlotte street school, forabout nine months. In 1866 da, and still followed his oc- and taught in the Barriefield about 18 months, when he ae- on board a steamer plying Vincent. After a number of tion Mr. Dunnett came to time manager for McCros- commenced business in the partnership with Mr. Briggs. but the business increased so year Mr. Malcolm Macpher- Mr. DLinnett married in June, 1875, son became a partner, but retired three years later Jessie McCammon, daughter of Robert McCammon, of Kingston. Ont. He is a member of St. Andrew's S iciety, and is a Presbyterian and a liberal minded one. Mr. Dunnett joined the Board of Trade in i8qo. I lARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUMBER. JAMKS D. VVEBSTF<:R. Co., foot of West lominion, being^ the ford, Collingvvood, s born in the year father being an t, senior, first set- o the business of "rom Kingston he ed four years work- die maker. The ing in the town of senior, died. Mr. 1855 and there id a stave factory, business with his class boats on the :nt principally to larkets. For ten vn councillor, col- lod. He settled in f premises at the employment to a by business men, Reformer in politics Mr. James D. Webster, retired merchant. Justice of the Peace and Clerk of the Second Division Court in the County of Waterloo, is of Scotch parentage, and was born in Aberdeenshire, April 7th, in the year 1H36. He came to this country when six years old, and received his education at what was called in those days the Toll Bridge School in the County of . , Walerloo, Ont., and at the Winterbourne School in the Township of Woolwich. Un- til the year 1862 Mr. Web- ster farmed ; after that he was, for a period of two years, clerk in a general store. He then went on the .^Bfcifc. road as a commercial travel- ler, and sold farming ma- 't^^^^ chines, in which occupation he continued for a period of ii^*"^l^ '^'^ years or until the year 1868. At the expiration of '> ^^ v^B \\v>\\ period Mr. Webster started a general store ^ I^IHV^ '" P''^ston, selling out his in- terest in it in the year 1872. Jr^i^L. ^^^ next went to Gridley, McLean County, State of J^M^^^^ Illinois, and in company with Mr. H. K. Sieberns of ,..^^B-^!H^^^^fcfe, ''^"^ place started a general store business, which was j^j^^B ^^^^^BKm' carried on for a period of six years. In the year 1878 Mr. ^^M^^^jPBMif^^ Webster returned to Canada and bought a farm just out- ^^^^^tHSSt '' , ^ '^•'•ic the corporation ^^i Pres- ton which he worked for a 'SW-.^. ^: '' period of five years. In the year 1884, in company with — ''^ '■ ' T. & A. B. Snider he bought the Doon F"Iouring Mills, but sold out his interest in them in the year 1887. The following year he started a general grocery business in Preston, which he sold out in 1891. For twelve years he was a director of the South Riding of Waterloo Agricultural Society, and was President of it in 1885. He joined the Board of Trade in 1885. THOMAS McGAW. ett & Co., 30 Wel- h natives of Caith- and, on the 21st of saddlery business It the Free Church ere. After gra- j.everal years as a f Aberdeen, where lotte street school, ine months. In 1866 1 followed his oc- t in the Barriefield onths, when he ac- \\ steamer plying \fter a number of nunnett came to ager for McCros- 1 business in the ■) with Mr. Briggs. iness increased so ^lalcolm iMacpher- ied in June, 1875, He is a member ne. Mr. Hunnett There are larger hotels on the Continent of North America than the Queen's Hotel, Toronto, but it is doubtful if thr'-e are any that are better known. There is a distinctive air of home-like :omfort pervading the whole place, which is so sadiv wanting in n.any colossal hotels, as well as in many smaller ones. The Queen's Hotel is known far and wide, and has welcomed within its doors royal guests from more than one country. Grand Dukes and Duchesses, Barons and Baronets, of high degree have spent a to say nothing of prominent men from almost every the time oi the American rendezvous of many proini- and Northerners, whose en- country was for reasons best fering, as they did, on many were all agreed that ihe bygone days was as comfort- ever sojourned in. Mr. of the hotel, was born in In 1862 after being in busi- and Princesses, Marquises, Farls, Viscounts, Knights, men and women pleasant time under its roof, professional and mercantile country under the sun. At Civil war the house was the nent Americans, Southerners Ibrced absence from their known to themselves. Dif- imporiant questions, they Queen's Hotel even in those ;.ble a hostelry as any they Thomas McGaw, proprietor Whitby Township in 1833. ness for himself in Canada and the United States, he went into partnership with the late Captain Dick, and the two became proprietors of the Queen's Hotel. In the year 1874, and after the death of Captain Dick, he associated himself with Mr. Winnett as a partner. He takes an active interest in sports, and was president of the Toronto Yacht Club. BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR Nl'} JOSEPH WRIGHT. Mr. Joseph Wkk;ht, tradin- in the name of Bennett & Wright, plumbers and gas- hlters 72 giieen stree' east, Toronto, was born in Enj,^land in 1849, and when eij^ht years ot age he accompanied his parents to Canada, and in 1866 commenced his commercial career as a clerk m the provision business of Messrs. Gardner & Ramsey, Toronto. After remain- ing with tile lirm for two Albany, State of New \'ork, the firm of Messrs. Clarke & bany he went to New Vork, line of business tor another Wright returned to Toronto, employ of Mr. John Ritchie, his own account that vear, Bennett. Since the death ot Wright has carried the busi- old name. The trade done Canada. They manufacture plans tor heating, etc. The heating, gas fittings, electric the largest and best buildings their list of contracts. To important work at the new _^ years, Mr. Wright went to and for two years worked for Sons, plum'pers. From Al- where he worked in the same Iwo years. In 1873 Mr, and until 1875 ^e was in the plumber, starting business on in partnership with Mr. Mr. Bennett in 1878 Mr. ness on alone, but under the by the firm extends all over and import largely and make operations comprise steam appliances, e c. Many of in the city are included in them was entrusted most Parliament Buildings, their carrying out of which gave entire satisfaction. The great chandeliers in the Legislative Hall are alone sufiiicient to indicate their taste, skill and resources. The firm have also done im- portant work on other large buildings. Electrical supplies form an important part of the operations carried on, and in this line an electric light has just been placed in the Cottages for the insane at Mimico. A large number of skilled hands are employed. Mr. Wright is a member of Rehoboam Lodge .\. F. & A. M., and Covenant Lodge I.O.O.F. He is Vice- President of the Prospect Park Curling Club. He joined the Board of Trade in 1885, and is a Reformer. JAMES WVLIE. Mr. J.\mi:s Wvlie, manager of the Canadian branch of the well known Scotch house of Messrs. Kerr & Co., Limited, spool cotton manufacturers, Paisley, was born May 1846. -After acquiring his education at St. George's .Academy, Glasi;ow, of which his father was principal, and subsequently at the Andersonian L'niversity, Glasgow, Mr, Wylie com- menced his commercial career by entering the counting house, as a clerk, of Messrs. Lockhart & Co., Hope street, Glasgow, remaining with that firm for five years. At the expiration of that period he devoted a couple of years to extensive travel in the United States and also in Europe. Returning to Scotland in 1870 he in that year accepted the position of principal bookkeeper in the counting house of the firm of Messrs. Kerr iS: Co., and rose, step by step, in the employ of the firm until the month of October, 1879, when his emplovers appointed him to superintend their business in Canada, and Mr. Wylie camo to 'Voronto and has remained here ever since. Messrs. Kerr & Co. own the extensive Underwood Mills at Paisley, also the large cotton spinning and thread mills at Fall River, .Massachusetts, United States. Their London house is in Love Lane, Wood street, E.C., their Manchester house at 11 Piccadilly, and their Toronto house and factory at 90 \'ork street. It is a firm which does a verv extensive business in various countries all over the world, and is held in high esteem both in Great Britain and Canada. Mr. Wvlie became a member of the Board oi Trade in 1886. In politics he is a Conservative but not an active one. He belongs to no societies whatever, devoting his whole time and attention to the business of the company of which he is now one of the shareholders. He is highly esteemed by the mercantile community in Toronto. P Born at C Carrie arrived was educated ii Scotland, in flu' partnership will Carrie, as Dry ment had laste rie continued i went into the street east. Trade in 1867, a has never sou only society he He is well kn and his name as belonging to ward in his deal! occupied by Mr. commodious 4- mension, fitted u and the convenii chandise. Exce bonded privilege ment. Money house receipts ai Mr. RoBERi Canadian and I streets, was bori education was cc he entered the sale dry goods fi business. In 18 Henry W. Darl sale woollen bus name being Wyl ling retired froi Cockshutt will" for nearly ten Cockshutt & Co ness in Decemb under the presen in 1882, and in paratively youn building up a respect of the out the country, the firm being in building in whi« purpose, and is by the firm. 'E SOUVENIR NUMBER. 249 ROBERT CARRIK. Born at Carnoustie, in the County oF Forfarsliire, Scotland, in 1829, Mk. Robkrt Carrie arrived in Canada in 1857, settling- in Toronto on tiie 23rd December, 1866. He was educated in the town of his birth, and went into the dry goods business in Dundee, Scotland, in the year 1842. After coming- to Canada Mr. Carrie entered into a business partnership with Mr. Dohbie, Carrie, as Dry Goods mer- ment had lasted some time rie continued it alone until went into the business of street east. He became a Trade in 1867, and is a Libe- has never sought or filled only society he is a member He is well known and re- and his name throughout as belonging to one who is ward in his dealings with all. occupied by Mr. Carrie com- commodious 4-storey brick mension, fitted up with every and the convenient handling chandise. Excellent storage is provided for all classes of goods. bonded privileges, and every facility is extended to the numerous patrons of the establish- ment. Money is liberally advanced on goods or other securities, and negotiaole ware- house receipts are issued. under the name of Dobbie & chants. After this arrange- Mr. Dobbie died. Mr. Car- eight years ago, when he Warehousing- at No. 27 Front member of the Board of ral in politics. Mr. Carrie any public office, and the of is St. Andrew's Society, spected by his fellow-citizens. Western Ontario is reg-arded honourable and straightfor- The premises on Front street prise a large, substantial and building-, 25 x 140 feet in di- facility for storage purposes, of large quantities of mer- The premises have I \% ROBKRT DARLING. Mr. Robkrt Darling, of the firm ot Robert Darling & Co., Wholesale Dealers in Canadian and Imported Woollens and Tailors' Trimmings, &c., Bay and Wellington streets, was born at Edinburgh in the year 1851, his father being a retired merchant. His education was commenced at the Edinburgh Soutliern Academy, and at the age of sixteen he entered the employment sale dry goods firms in Mont- business. In 1872 Mr. Dar- Henry W. Darling, to To- sale woollen business, short- name being Wyld & Darling ling retired from that firm, Cockshutt with him, did for nearly ten years under Cockshutt & Co. Mr. Cock- ness in December 1888, Mr. under the present firm name, in 1882, and in politics is a paratively young man Mr. building up a flourishing respect of the commercial out the country. His repre- of one of the leading whole- real, where he learned the ling accompanied his brother, ronto, to establish the whole- ly afte- that time the firm's Brothers. In 1879 Mr. Dar- and associating Mr. Chas. business most successfully the firm name of Darling, shutt retiring from the busi- Darling then continued it on He joined the Board of Trade Liberal. Though a corn- Darling has succeeded in business, and he enjoys the men in the city and through- sentatives cover all Canada, the firm being noted for the excellency of their goods, both in quality and in design. The building in which Messrs. Darling & Co. carry on their business is well adapted to the purpose, and is in every way suitable for the large and growing trade which is being done by the firm. 4l 250 BOARD OF TRADE SC MICHAEL JOSEPH WOODS. Mk. Michahl JosiiiMi Woods was born near the town of Ballymalion, County Long- ford, Ireland, in 1847. His parents were James and l^llen Woods, who came to Canada in 1S50 and subsequently engaged in farming. The subject of this sketch received a com- mon school education in Toronto, after which he entered the employ of Mr. John Mallon, butcher, and in 1S65 he en- ^ tered into partnership with Mr. Mallon and the firm has larity ever since. In 1S71 and formed connections in Canadian cured meats. He sion that agencies were es- Glasgow, and Mr. Woods Great Britain and Ireland, among the first to recognize dian cattle export trade. In whose object was the export- and during the time it was less than 15,000 head of cat- however, to the rapid in- directions, Mr. Woods was nection with the Company. enjoyed success and popu- Mr. Woods went to England that country for the sale of was so successful in his mis- tablished at Liverpool and visited the principal cities of It may be said that he was the importance of the Cana- 1881 he joined a syndicate ation of cattle to England, engaged in this business, no tie were exported. Owing, crease of business in other compelled to sever his con- In 1882 he was offered the Peace, but declined on ac- position of Justice of the count of business considerations. In 1890 he was elected President of the Union Stock Yards and Abattoir Company. From 1881 until 1884 he was a Councillor for Brockton, and after annexation became alderman. Two years ago he resigned. He is a member of the Sunnyside Boating Club and Ontario Lacrosse Club. He joined the Board of Trade in 1887. CORNELIl^S FLANAGAN. Mr. Cornklius Flanagan, 707 King street west, was born in the County of Limerick, Ireland, 1844, and accompanied his parents to Canada when he was three years of age, his father dying shortly after his arrival in the country. After a course of study in tiie separate schools, Mr. Flanagan at an early age went into the butchering business, and about the year i86c) entered into partnership and took a stand in St. nership continuing for about did well and it was at this cattle export trade. In 1878 himself with Mr. A. W. The firm stands today one cattle on the continent of is fed at the cattle byres in and on the opening of navi- for shipment to Scotch and number of their cattle is also market and sent direct to great confidence in the future and in connection with the Co., owns large tracts of he is always desirous to with Mr. A. J. Thompson, Lawrence market, the part- seventeen years. The lirm time that they went into the Mr. Flanagan associated Aikens, of Cooksville, Out. of the largest exporters of America. Some ofthe stock the city during the winter gation is sent to Montreal English ports. A large bought in the Western cattle England. Mr. Flanagan has of the Canadian North-west, York Farmers Colonization land in Manitoba, to which assist those anxious of mak- He joined the Board of Trade Mr. ing homes for themselves in that portion of the Dominion in 1885, was a member of the Separate School Board and in politics is a Reformer. Flanagan is well known to all whose business takes them to the Western cattle market and no dealer there is more highly respected. RD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUMBER. on, County Long- came to Canada :h received a corn- Mr. John Mallon, partnership with access and popu- s went to Enghmd ry for the sale of cessfiil in his mis- at Liverpool and principal cities of said that he was tance of the Cana- jined a syndicate attle to Lng-land, 1 this business, no xported. Owing, business in other to sever his con- e was offered the I declined on ac- the Union Stock • for Hrockton, and is a member of the d of Trade in 1887. GARRLTT K. FRANKLAND. Mr. Gakkktt K. Fkaxklano, cattle dealer a.id late of Toronto, was born at Barrow- field, Lancashire, Kngland, September 7th, 1834. He is a son of John Frankland and Ann Dixon, his father dying in 1S62 and his mother in 1865. Mr. II JAiMHS IKNXANT .\: CO. Jamks Tknnant. VV. S. Tknnant. The firm of James 'rennant & Co. (successors to Christie, Kerr & Co.), 9 Victoria street, Manufacturers and Dealers in Lumber, Latlis and Shinjjles, etc., was established by Mr. James and Mr. Waher S. lennant in iSHi). Tlie business done is lar! Among the successful business men of Canada is Mk. HiiKM.VN H. Cook. His grand- father, Mr. George Cook, at the time of the American War of Independence, was living in Schenectady, New York State, where he had valuable properly. Mr. John Cook, a brother of Mr. George Cook and an uncle of the subject of this sketch, is well remembered in Dundas Co., as a staunch in the old Parliament of Can- H. Cook was Mr. George petence for himself and who trust in the public service. in the War of 181 2, and the British Government for Mr. Herman H. Cook was 26th, 1837. He was educated School in Dundas, and in ness in the County of Simcoe. limits near the terminus of erected the largest saw mill He made a handsome for- largely instrumental in build- Midland Mill, which has ;. was burnt in 1877, but was representative of the county ada. The father of Mr. H. Cook, who carved out a com- occupied se\eral positions of He was a Captain of Militia received a silver medal from his services at that time, born in Dundas County, .April at the Iroquois Grammar 1858 began the lumber busi- He bought extensive timber the Midland Railway, and at that time in the Dominion, tune for himself and was ing Midland City. The capacity of 25,000,000 feet, promptly rebuilt. In 187: Mr. Cook represented North Simcoe in the House of Commons, and in 1874 was again returned. At the general election of 1878 he was unsuccessful, but the following year was elected to the Local Parliament of Ontario. Mr. Cook sat for three years and then resigned, and in 1882 was elected to the House of Commons for Kast Simcoe. \Rn OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUMIiER ?iiildin£j, Toronto, He was born Sep- iviny been a well led at New Aber- it fit teen was ap- itering' business at t Aberdeen and in 1861. For ed at the carpen- e then went to lome to Scotland, re cominj^ to New ree years, cominff had several larjje He did that Uind .'o.'s oilice. He Liooderham ; the ide ; the Scliool of in Church ; Hank Ciardens and sev- ansions. His last carpenter work on ied on a wholesale ined the Hoard of ;r Section. ALKXANPI-R R. CHKISTIi:. Mr. Ai.KXANmcK R. Ciiuisrii;, senior member of the lirm of Messrs. C'hristie, Kerr & Co., Lumber Merchants, No. 9 \'ictoria street, became a member of the Hoard of Trade in the year i«H(), and has taken an active interest in its proceedinjjs ever since, bein^■ a mem- ber of the .Arbitration Committee of the Lumber Section of the Hoard. Mr. Christie is of Scotch descent and was born in the city of Perth, Scotland, in the year 1816. After ac- native city he came to this mercantile career at the early eery store of Mr. William remained for a period of live other period o'i three years office, Mr. Christie went to started on his own account ing to the city of Toronto in years after his arrival in the gaged in the lumber business partnership with Mr. Kerr name of Messrs. Christie, very large and extensive lingwood and at Severn largely in shingles, laths, and quiring his education in his country and commenced his age oi fourteen in the gro- Christie, Montreal, where he years. After spending an- as a clerk in a mercantile Niagara on the Lake and as a general merchant, com- ihe year iHOo. Kor some cily Mr. Christie was en- alone, and then the present was entered into under the Kerr iV Co. The firm does a trade and owns mills at Col- Hridge, Ont. They deal handle the products of twelve mills besides those owned by themselves. In politics Mr. Christie is a Liberal and he is a firm member oi the I'resbyterian Church. He is well known to those engaged in the limi- ber business in the Province of Ontario, and is one oi the most respected members of the great staple industry of Canada. ADAM ALi:XA\I)KR SCOTT. ooK. His grand- dence, was living Mr. John Cook, a well remembered ve oi ihe county father of Mr. H. carved out a com- everal positions of "aptain of Militia iher medal from s at that time. idas County, April oquois (irammar the lumber busi- extensive timber id Railwax, and ; in the Dominion. himself and was nd City. The f 25,000,000 feet, built. In 1872 1 1874 was again llowing year was years and then coe. Mr. a. a. Scott is the second son of the late John .-\. Scott, Esq., General Merchant, Stratford, Ont., and was born in that town, November 1856. He was educated at the Stratford Central and High Schools, and at the Hritish American Commercial College, Toronto. .After leaving Stratford High School and devoting some time to his father's business, he served an at pattern making with The facturing Co., at Stratford. and attended the Commer- gaging with J. iS: F. N. Ten- accountant. He remained and then went into business 1884 as a general wholesale shingles, afterwards taking as ;i partner, under the name Having purchased the mill Lumber Co. at Medonte, lath and shingles until the they sold the mill, Mr. J. i\. A. Scott continuing in the for himself, of which he enjoys Board of Trade in 1888, and " apprenticeship of four years Thomson & Williams .Manu- He then came to Toronto cial College, afterwards en- nant. Lumber Dealers, as an with that firm for three years for himself in Toronto in dealer in lumber, lath and in his brother, Mr. J. G. Scott, of Scott, Scott & Co. and limits of the Medonte they manufactured lumber, timber gave out, after which Scott retiring and Mr. A. general wholesale business a fair share. He joined the is a member of the Executive Committee of the Lumber Section. In politics Mr. Scott is a supporter of the Reform Party, and is a member of the Reform .Association. Mr. Scott is one more example of how well a young native born Canadian can hold his own in competition with those coming to this country from abroad. BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUML JOHN ORNISH V DONOGM. Mu. John Ormsi.v Donoiwi. of the wholesale firm of Doinmh N: Oliver I umber Pealers. Hoard o 1 rade Huild.n^r, Toronto, was born in Toronto. March 2^th '.«^a and was educated at the common schools of the city. His father emi^'rated from County SliLro. Ireland, in 1840, and setllin«: in loronto. went into the boot and shoe business, clyiny; in ,Sr,5. Mr. Dono^^h. then only ., years of age, had to leave school and he entered Telegraph Co. as messenjj;-er, to be bookkeeper of the Corn- self for the position by at- a lapse oi tour years he en- S. R. Brings in uSoS as book- ager until he went out of the was the pioneer of the whole- 0\\ January ist, 1.S77. with years Mr. I)onoj.;^h formed a formerly salesman with Mr. beinjj Donog^h, McCool <.V in 1H82. Mr. Donogh is a pas>ing the different chairs Master of Ontario for i8iS()-7, sentative in (irand Lodge the service of the Montreal from which position he rose pany, having qualified him- tending night schools. Alter tered the employment of Mr. keeper and was finally mana- business in i87(). Mr. Hriggs sale lumber trade in Toronto, the small savings of a few partnership with Mr. Oliver, Hriggs, the name of the firm Oliver, Mr. .McCool retiring member of the 1. O. O. F., and being elected Grand and is still an active repre- He is also a member of Wil- son Lodge \. I". iV' A. M , and its secretary. He is an active member of the Prospect Park Curling Club and was its second president. He joined the Hoard o'i Trade in 1877, was tor two years on the Council, was Chairman oS. the Lumber Section and is now Chairman of the .Arbitration Board of the section. Mk. Samuki. ( well known membi generally. He is 1 County, State of ] Maumee, State o this country in the Ont. Mr. Kan when he was eigh at Vienna as a hi successfully carrie year he removed I ed a banking and conducting a brai of Toronto. For ; carried on businc the time of his fatl' the family remov( actively engaged ping lumber prin Kanady became a in the year 1885 a position. He is a tile community of 1 proportions, empl head and with the JOSHPH OLIX'KR. The father of Mk. Omvkr emigrated from Ireland to Canada in 1837, and started a general store in Toronto (then York). The same year he served against the rebels, and after the rebellion engaged in farming in the county o^ Wellington, Ont. In 1856 he again settled in Toronto. The subject of this sketch was born November 7th, 1852, in the I county of Wellington, Ont., public schools oi Toronto, commenced learning the car- he worked for five years. At he entered the lumber busi- R. Briggs, the pioneer lum- ada, and remained with the year he entered into the pre- Donogh, who had been under the name of Donogh .Merchants. Mr. Oliver re- Thomas for some years on Ho is a member of (Jueen dependent Order of Oddfel- .Master of the same Order for a member of Wilson Lodge King Solomon Chapter R. A and was educated at the When thirteen years of age he pentering business, at which the expiration of that period ness as salesman for Mr. S. ber concern of Western Can- firm until 1877. The same sent partnership with Mr. bookkeeper for Mr. Briggs, & Oliver, Wholesale Lumber presented the Ward of St. the Public School Board. City of Ontario Lodge, In- lows. and is now Grand Ontario. Mr. Oliver is also No. 86, A. F. and A. M.. M. Preceptory Geoffrey de St. Aldemar, of Knights Templars. He joined the Board of Trade in 1882, and is Chair- man of the Lumber Section, and a member of the Executive Committee of the section. In politics he is a Liberal. The firm o^ Messrs. Donogh & Oliver does an extensive business in Canada, their headquarters being rooms Nos. 213, 214 and 215 Board of Trade Building Mr. Samuei. of Irish extraction and received his His father came tc school in the ne same time as a 1 Adam's mother w originally from t sketch commence Almonte in the pri where he acquire I'Vom Almonte ployed in the off time. In the yea came to this city on the Globe being present in t Hrown was sho own account as street west. Afte sale wood busines three years, whe McAdam is a men Board of Trade party, though tak SOUVENIR NUMBER, 253 SAMUKL CARLTON KANADV. Mr. Samukl CAKi,Tt>N Kanadv, lumber morchjint, No. ()2 Charles street, Toronto, is a well known rriember of the Hoard of Trade, and well known to the city dealers in lumber ffenerally. He is an American by birth and was born November 25th, 1835, in JefTerson County, State of New \'ork. Maumce, Stale of Ohio, he this country in the year 1847, Ont. Mr. Kanady com- when he was eighteen years at V'ienna as a lumber mer- successfully carried on until year he removed to the city ed a banking and brokerage conducting a branch of the of Toronto. For a period of carried on business in the the time of his father's death, the family removed to this actively engaged in the lum- ping lumber principally to Kanady became a member of After acquiring his f education al the common school at — - accompanied his parents to the family settling at Vienna, I menced his mercantile career ' of age on his own account chant, a business which he the year i860. During that tif Detroit and there conduct- business, at the same time lumber business in the city thirteen years Mr. Kanady city of Detroit, and then, at he, together with the rest of city, where he has been ber business ever since, ship- the United States. Mr. the Toronto Board of Trade in the year 1885 and in poli- '■"' ~ tics takes an Independent position. He is a shrewd, reliable man of business, and is much esteemed by the mercan- tile community of the city. Mr. Kanady has succeeded in building up a business of large proportions, employing several competent hands, together with teams. With so able a head and with the success already attained, the future oi the business is a bright one. SAMUEL McADAM. Mr. Samuel McAda.m, lumber dealer. No. 134 Dovercourt road, is a native Canadian of Irish extraction. He was born at Pakenham, County of Lanark, Ont., in the year 1853, and received his education in the common and high schools at Pakenham and Renfrew. His father came to this country about the year 1846 or 1847 and for a number of years taught school in the neighborhood ^ , of Pakenham, acting at the same time as a local school Adam's mother was born in originally from the north of sketch commenced his com- Almonte in the printing office where he acquired a knovv- From Almonte he removed ployed in the office of the time. In the year 1873 Mr. came to this city where he on the Globe newspaper being present in the building Hrown was shot. In the own account as a retail coal street west. After a time he sale wood business, in which superintendent. Mr. Mc- Canada, her parents coming Ireland. The subject of this mercial career in the town of of the Almonte Gaselte, ledge of the art of printing. to Ottawa where he was em- Ottawa Times for some McAdam left Ottawa and was engaged as proof reader for a period of ten years, at the time Hon. George year 1883 he started on his and wood dealer on Queen went largely into the whole- he continued for a period of three years, when he started his present lumber business on Dovercourt road. Mr. McAdam is a member of St. George's Lodge, A. F. A. M. He became a member of the Board of Trade in the year 1885 and in politics leans towards the Liberal-Conservative party, though taking no active part in politics. i ■554 HOARD OF TRADE KO»i:Rr LAIDI.AW Itl if If Mr. RoiiKur LAini.Aw, the senior partner nl' llio linn of R. I.iiidlaw & Co., Lumber and Stone Merchants, Nt). 71 Hrook a\eniie, is of Scoti li liescenl, his parents beinjfarnon^; the pioneers who homestcacled the Scotcli Hloeii in the Townsliip ot I'lsqiiesiiij^ in the year iHu). Mr. Laidhiw was born May 17th, in the year iH.^7, and his actual school days were ot sluul duration, the work early devolvinjj upon him. partnership with the late Mr. ronto, then ot I'lsquesinj^, Karrie in the county o{ Siiu- business was transferred a stone ipuirry was added to partnership of Shortreed it deall) of Mr. Shortreed in the firm of K. Laidlaw ik Co. law associatinj^c himself with ford Mills in a lumber and owned by the firm is a very very fine quality of stone for Mr. Robert Laidlaw became Trade in the year iStjo, and of interest in its proceedinjj^s and manaf^emenl of the farm In the year 1S71 he formed a Tl.i.mas Shortreed of To- purchasinj; timber limits near coe. In the year iSH() their from Harrie to Toronto, and ihe lumber business. The Laidlaw was dissolved by the year iH8(), and in 18H7 the was constituted by Mr. Laid- Allan McPherson of Long- stone business. The qiutrry extensive one, supplyinj^ a buildinjc and oilier purposes, a member of the Hoard of lakes a considerable amount In politics he is a Liberal- Conservative, and supporter oi the N.iiiou.il l\ilicy, ihoupli not takinj>f an active part in election contests. Mr. Laidlaw enjoys a reputation amon^ commercial men for intej^rity and straightforward dealing, which he has acquired through strict attention to business and his persevering energy. RICHARD niNNIS. Mk. Ru:iiakh Dinms, head o'{ the firm of Richard niiinis iS; Son, Builders and Con- tractors, 2f)7 Simcoe street, was bom at Falmouth. iMiglanu, September iSth, 1H34. .After acquiring his education at a private school in halmouth, he was apprenticed to Messrs. Oliver iV Sons, Builders, at Truro and Falmouth, for seven years, remaining with the firm one year longer as head of 1 the ollice. I)uring his ap- prenticeship he studied with took third place in competi- Parliament Buildings at came to Toronto in 1S56, on Siincoe street, with whom was then with the well Brothers, and took a part in University, and many other During the American Civil States and was engaged Ashtabula, O., to James- Canada he started for him Toronto and Woodbridge and Bruce narrow gauge into the building business large buildings in Toronto, I A ^ Mr. Phillips Samhell, who tion for the design of the Westminster. Mr. Dinnis and engaged with Mr. Pirn he remained two years. He known firm of Worthington the erection of the Toronto large buildings in Toronto. War Mr. Dinnis went to the building the railway from town. Pa. Returning to self and built part of the section of the Toronto, Grey railway. In 1872 he went and has since erected some and is now engaged on the now Court House and City Hall, lia\ing been awarded the contract for all the carpentering. He is a member of the Board of Trade since 1886, and is Chairman of the Contractors' section. He is a P. M. of Rehoboam Lodge A. F. A. M., and Treasurer of the Masonic Benevolent Board. In 1856, Mr. Dinnis married Miss Chard, daughter of Arthur Chard of Falmouth. >AKn or TRADE SOUVENIR NUMBER. ;i\v I't {^o., Liimhcr iircnts beiiijj aniDiif^ qiiesin^ in the year ill sclu>iil ilays were j^oiiK'iii of the farm ir rSji he formod a SluntrcL'il of To- ):, timhiT limits near lie year i8H() their ic to Toronto, and »er business. '!"he /as dissolved by the >, and in 1HH7 the iluted by Mr. Laid- Pherson of Lonjj- iiness. The quarry one, supplyinj^ a tnd oilier purposes, r of the Hoaril of onsiderable amount s he is a !>ibcral- iij; an active part in al men tor intej^rity ion to business and Builders and Con- i.Sth, i«34. .After renticed to Messrs. ininf;' wilii the firm I)urin};' his ap- ps Sambell, who ie desij;-!! oi the er. Mr. Dinnis f^ed with Mr. Pim d two years. He n of Worthington Ml of tiie Toronto liiii,'-s in Toronto. )innis went to the 10 railway from Returninfj to ■)uilt part of the the Toronto, Grey In 1H72 he went nee erected some v engaj^-ed on the 1 the carpentering-. infractors' section. asonic Benevolent hard of Falmouth. ciKORGii .\li:x.\nt)i:k sii.wv. I ii'tT -Coi.. CiKOin.!' Ai.i:xANl)l-:w S(i.\w, Ihiwaiian \'ice-C'oi uil, is a direct lineal descendant of the .MacdutT who was created the first earl or ihane of Kife, for services rendered to Malcolm Canmore, King of Scotland, in 1057. Hie laniily is essentially a mililarv o\\i.\ and sprung from the roval blood of Scotland. Col. Sliaw was bo.n at King- ston, Out.. |une J4th, iS^4. ^^^^^^^^^^^ After studying at I'pper Canada College and at Trin- ^^^^^^^^^^H >ly I mversity 1. through Militarv ^^^^H^^^^^^H ^"-'i''''! taking subse- ^^^^Hl^^^^^H quently cate. After leaving the ^^^^^K^^^^H^B Military School, Col. Shaw entereil the civil service as patii>ii which he followed into the mining and lumber- interests in Ciilorado, and of Thunder Hay ; also in gokl bury district. Col. Shaw career. He served with the Fenian raid, and was in com- During the I.ouis Kiel trou- tain and was a Lieutenant in May, 1H71, he was appointed retaining the rank six years. rank of junior Major, then Senior Major, and then Lieutenant-Colonel of the Regiment, with which rank he retired in iHHo. Col. Shaw became a member of the Board of Trade 1884, and ill politics is a Conservative. He is a member of the Orange Order, St. Andrew's Society, Sons of Scotland, Caledonian Society, .Army and Navy Veterans, and ' Militarv Institute ; also Director in the Fort William Land linestment Co., \'ice- I'resident oi the Silver Centre Mining Co. of Ontario (Ltd ), and Director of the l'"airbanks Consolidated Mining Co. and the Sudbury Mining Co. The first house in Toronto was erected by Hon. Major-CJeneral -Kneas Shaw, great-grand-father of Col. Shaw, in 171)3, and was called Lambeth Palace. The same gentleman served in the .American Revolutionary War, and the War oS. 1812-1813. He also erected the lirst log cabin in York, in which he entertained H. R. W. the Duke of Kent on the occasion k.-\'{. his visit to \'ork, and atterwards built the first frame house. R.iilway NLiil Clerk, an occu- until 1 88.', when he went ing b\isiiiess. He has large the Silver Mountain districts and nickel mines in the Sud- lias had an active military leiilh Royals during the Miaiul i^i " H " Company, bles he was appointed a Cap- ihe Sedentary Militia. In .Adjutant of the Tenth Royals, He was then promoted to the ARTHCR DIXNIS. The firm of Messrs. Richard Dinnis i\: Son, Builders and Contractors, No. 267 Simcoe street, is one well known in Toronto. The members composing the firm are Mr. Richard Dinnis, and his son Mr. .Artiiir Dinnis, both of them energetic business men. They deal in all kinds of building material, and have always a large stock on hand. The firm employ a large number of men, the number vnrying, of course, with the amount of contracts on hand. Mr. .Arthur Dinnis, one of the partners in the firm, is an American by birth, and was born in the town oi Ashtabula, State of Ohio, in the year 1866. Coming to this country and to the City of Toronto, he acquired his education at I'pper Canada College, after which, and when sixteen years of age, he commenced to learn the trade of a builder. Seven years ago he was admitted a partner in his father's business under the name of Richard Dinnis & Son, and since that time has been engaged in erecting many large buildings, both public and private, in the City of ''"oronto. Mr. Dinnis became a member of the Board of Trade in the year 1886, and in politics is a supporter oi the Liberal- Conservative party. He is a member of the Masonic Order, and Master of Rehoboam Lodge, No. 65, and is also a member of the Ancient Order of United Workmen. Mr. Arthur Dinnis is a young man of energy and enterprise who has won esteem for himself in trade circles. BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUM V ch.\rlp:s henry hdwards. .NlR. Cmaklks Hknkv KnwAKOs. lumber Dealer. Kirch Avenue, Toronto, is a native Lanadmn. and was horn ,n the I own ot Peterboro. Ont.. September 26th. in the year .848. Mr. hduards is ot Welsh descent, his father being of that nationality, carrvinj^ on the busi- ness ot a ship carpenter, cominjr to this country in his early youth, and settlinir on the lower Ottawa river in the - . " where he carried on a busi- was one oi the early pioneers and surmountini;" many ditli- sketch acquired his education town of Peterboro. After a short time engaged in years i:si age he engaged in the Peterboro district, com- as a shanty clerk, in the em- ). Edwards, with whom he tiiree years. Mr. Edwards firm oi Messrs. Irwin and tor, remaining with the firm a half. Mr. l^dwards next Boyd as shipper, having summer months, and going neighborhood of Rockland, ness in square lumber, and ot that district, encountering culties. The subject of this in the public schools of the leaving s lool he was for ollice work. When seventeen the lumbering business in mencing that kind of work ploy of his brotiier, Mr. W. remained '"or a period of was next employed by the Hoyd as a buyer and inspec- tor a period of one year and engaged with Mr. Mossom charge of the yard in the to the woods during the win- . " f> - — r, — ter ones. During the year 1878, he came to this city and started ow his own account as a lumber merchant, and has met with a fair measure of success. Mr. Edwards b'^^ame a member of the Board oi Trade in the year 1884, and in politics follows a perfectly indepLMident course free from all political parties. Mr. Ewar- Builder, and w, Toronto Model engineering witl his quarry £ 1873 he was e tractors in carr} for the City were being int secured several withdrew fVom shortly afterwar Alderman for tl quhar was an of the firm of Contractors ar Board of Tra is a Liberal-! Mr. Earquhar h and has done of laying ceda the principal stn ago Mr. Earquh the leading strt shov.n in the sui . GEORGE FARQUHAR. Mr. Gkorgk FARguHVR, contractor, No. 11 ^Vilton Crescent, Toronto, is a son of Mr. George Earquhar, a bv.ilder at Castleford, iMigland. at which place the subject of this sketch was born in the year 1840. .After acquiring his education at the Government school and at the grammar school in his native town, he came to this country alone in the year 1869 and settled in Toronto. He went into the cut stone Walker's immense dry goods King street east, besides and private residences in was also a partner with his Earquhar, contractor, the ness. When the late 1s\x. 1890, the subject of this with the firm and is now gest cut .stone businesses in a very successful and stead- f-'arquhar became a member year 1885. He hi.s been order for vears and is an old and remained here ever since, business and built Mr. store, the Golden Lion, on putting up other large store;; other parts of the city. He uncle, the late Mr. James firm doing a flourishing busi- Earquhar died in the year sketch dropped his connection interested in one of the lar- the City of Toronto, doing ily increasing business. Mr. of the Board of Trade in the connected with the Masonic member of Doric Lodge, an old time worshipper in the C'hurch. Since he has been No. 313. Mr. Earquhar is Bond street Congregational a resident of Toronto Mr. Earquhar has given ample evidence that he thoroughly under- stands the business he conducts in all its details. He posscsiies all those qualities which command success and i. much respected in social and business circles. He is a cousin of Mr. Charles and Mr. Ewart Earquhar, both members of the Board of Irade. Mr. Chari and was born Ewart Earquhai time the subjei General Brocl education at in the year 18 the firm being for, were aware the Board of continued in it was dissolve senior partner Since that time business alone the city, priiK He does a 1 frequently emp men, together E-^rquhar bee; } XX 1 89 1 , Though comp shrewd, uprigl He personally any public olVu E SOUVENIR NUMBER. 255 KWART FARQUHAR. Mr. Ewart Farqi har, Huikler and Contractor, is a son of Mr. James Farquhar, Builder, and was born in the City of Toronto in tlie year 1848. After attending the Toronto Model and Grammar Schools, Mr. Farquhar studied architecture and civil engineering with Messrs. Smith & Baily of Toronto, after which he assisted his father in his quarry and general 1873 he was engaged with tractors in carrying on many for the City of Toronto, were being introduced into secured several contracts to withdrew from the firm of shortly afterwards was elect- Alderman for the old Ward quhar was an Alderman in of the firm of Messrs. Far- Contractors and Builders. Board of Trade in the is a Liberal-Conservative. Mr. F'arquhar has completed and has done some good of laying cedar block and the principal streets. He gives employmeni lo large builders' supply trade. In his brother Charles as con- of the street improvements When asphalt pavements the City of Toronto, the firm lay them. Mr. Farquhar \\. & C. Farquhar, and ed to the City Council as an of St. Thomas. Mr. F'ar- i8c)i, and is now a member quhar & Yorke, Cut Stone He became a member of the year 1886, and in politics During his business career many contracts for the city, work, principally in the way other pavements on many of number of men. Several years ago Mr. Farquhar went over to Detroit, and nined the contract for asphalting some of the leading streets in that A'nerican city, riis pluck and indomitable perseverance was shov.n in the success with which he defeated the attacks of the local contractors. CHARLFS FARQUHAR. Mr. Charles Farquhar, Contractor, No. 244 George street, is a native Canadian, and was born at Queenston, Out., in the year 1853. He is a brother of ex-Alderman F^wart Farquhar, and is a son of Mr. James Farquhar, Hu-'der, who was engaged at the time the subject of this sketch was born in building the monument to the memory of General Brock at Queens- .^ , town. After acquiring his education at Upper Canada in the year 1S73 as builders the firm being E. & C. Far- for, were awarded and com- the Board of Works of the continued in existence for a it was dissolved owing to the senior partner, Mr. Ewart Since that time the subject of business alone, doing a con- the city, principally in the He does a large business, frequently employs from two men, together with a large pTquhar became a member \ . ^ \ w^^ 1^^ ^m College, he joined his brother and contractors, the name of quhar. The firm tendered pleted many contracts for City of Toronto. This firm period of fifteen years, when retirement from it of the F'arquhar, in the year i8go. our sketch has carried on siderable amount of work for way of laying pavements, has extensive premises, and hundred to three hundred complement of teams. Mr. of the Board of Trade in the is a Eiberal-Conservative. J ar 1891, and in politics Though comparatively a young man, Mr. Farquhar enjoys the reputation of being a siirewd, upright, active, business man, who fully deserves all the success he has achieved. He personally superintends all the details of his business, aid haN never sought or filled any public oHice, his business demanding all his attention. . ■saMMi -.J.; ) 256 BOARD OF TRADE S ARTHUR ARDAGH. \ ! Mr. Arthur Akdacm, the subject of this sketch, isii contractor for public works, and one of the best known men in that line of business in the city. In partnership with Mr. Leonard, under the name of Ardajii^h X: Leonard, that firm has devoted itself entirely to the public work of this city, many ot the heaviest contracts havini;^ been satisfactorily com- pleted by then. In 1890 the Ardajjh and some others to entirely of local men for the phalt roads. At that time a monopoly of the work in the formation of the Con- which after many difficulties obstacles, and in acquirinj^^ cessfully construct Asphalt competition of this company terially reducing^ the cost of consequence of this the Con- (Limited), 61 Colborne st., the principal contracts from three years. It is a stronj^ Arthur Ardagh has been the short time of its coming into idea suggested itself to Mr. form a company composed purpose of constructing As- the Warren Scharff Co. had this city. The result has been structing and Paving Co., sur jeeded in mastering many the expert knowledge to suc- pavements in the city. The has been the means of ma- the work to the citizens. In structing and Paving Co., have succeeded in obtaining the Corporation for the last company financially, and Mr. manager of il since within a existence. No doubt the great success it has met with is largely due to his skilful n.anagement. Mr. Ardagh was born in Toronto in 1857, educated here, and is the eldest son of Mr. Richard Ardagh, the popular chief of the Toronto Fire Brigade. He became a member of the Board of Trade in 1886, and in politics is a Conservative. Mr. Ardagh is a prominent Orangeman. GEORGE PIA'NKETT MAGANN. 1" 1 I ? 1 1 i"" "%! Mr. George Ph;nkett Magann, contractor for Railway Supplies, No. 174 King street east, is of Irish descent, and was born in the City c*^ Dublin. His father, who was a well known lawyer in Dublin, died while the subject of this sketch was in his infancy. Shortly after his death the remaining members of the family came to this country and settled in the City of Hamil- was a member of the we Plunketts, who for genera- legal faculty in the United quired his education in the public and subsequently at a ing school Mr. Magann en- gist, and acquit ed a know- its details. Alter a time he and establish a businessfor and then in the wholesale and successful business, but over suited in his health demand- his physician he gave it up Coming to this city he took dcor sports, especially yacht- modore of the Toronto Yacht ton. Mr. Magann's mother known and historic family of tions were connected with the Kingdom. Mr. Magann ac- City of Hamilton, first at a private school. After leav- tered the employ of a drug- ledge of that profession in all was duly licensed to practise himself, first in the retail line retail line. He had a very devotion to his business re- ing a rest, and by order of and took to out-door life, an active interest in all out- ing, and was made V'ice-Com- Club. In the vear 1881 Mr. Magann started his present business of contractor for Railway Supplies. He became a member of the Board of Trade in the year 1884, and in politics is a supporter of the Liberal-Conservative party, but takes no active part in the political contests which every now and then agitate the Queen City. lA'D OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUMBER, public works, and tnership with Mr. tself entirely to the satisfactorily com- ;sted itself to Mr. >mpany composed f constructing As- n Scharff Co. had rhe result has been and Paving Co., in mustering many knowledge to suc- i in the city. The the means of ma- ;o the citizens. In and Paving Co., eeded in obtaining ration for the last inancially, and Mr. of il since within a No doubt the Mr. Ardagh was ichard Ardagh, the I Board of Trade in ingeman. JOHN McBEAN. Mr. John MiBean, the well known City Contractor, has had a somewhat eventful career and can tell many interesting stories ot what he has actually seen and experienced in California, .Australia, British Columbia and the Western States. His grandfather came to Canada from Blair .Athol, Scotland, and settled in Glengarry County, Ont., where he farmed extensively and also . , did a considerable lumber business. Mr. McBean's business. His mother was prominent U. E. Loyalist, was born at Glengarry, Ont., quired his education at the and at a Commercial College only fifteen years of age, he California, just at the lime height, and when thousands, called), were Hocking to the for three years, and going life, Mr. McBean went to gold for another two years, gold hunters. Returning to father took extensive con, the Grand Trunk Railwav- father continued the same Miss Curry, daughter of a The subject of this sketch March 29th, 1834. He ac- county school, Glengarry, in Chicago. In ICS49, when accompanied his father to when the gold fever was at its (Argonauts, as they were State. After gold mining through a rough and exciting Australia, where he mined for being there among the first Canada. Mr. McBean and his tracts in the construction of Mr. McBean, junior, having charge of the stores in connection therewith. In 1857 he went to Chicago, and went largely into city contracts, with some of which he is still connected. Early in 1872 he returned to Toronto and has since been engaged in doing contract work for the city on a most exten- sive scale. Mr. McBean joined the Board of Trade in 1886. Politically he is a Reformer. es, No. 174 King s father, who was was in his infancy, this country and Wagann's mother historic family of connected with the Mr. Magann ac- milton, first at a lool. After leav- mploy of a drug- it profession in all ensed to practise t in the retail line He had a very his business re- and by order of to out-door life, nterest in all out- s made Vice-Com- the year 1881 Mr. es. He became a supporter of the 1 contests which and finished RANDOLPH MACDONALD. Mr. Randolph Macoonai.d, a member of the well known firm of Manning & Mac- donald. Contractors, is a son of the late Mr. A. P. Macdonald, Contractor, who represented the riding of West Middlesex in the House of Commons for two parliamenls. Mr. Mac- donald - .... born at Niagara March 30th, 1849. He acquired his education at the common school, Glencoe, Ont., at the , , high school, Wardsville, Ont., College, London. Mr. Mac- life at Cleveland, Ohio, on branch railway, as book and tors. He was afterwards in supplies during the construc- I'Vanklin Railway, Pennsyl- brother who were the con- to Canada and was interested of section 13, Intercolonial he became a partner in the I and 2 of the Lachine Canal, became a partner in the firm and constructed the locks Valley at Kenelon Falls, Ont., Ont., and then with the late the construction of sections at Hellmulh donald began his business the Cleveland and Mahoning time keeper for the contrac- charge of the stores and tion of the Jamestown & vania, with his father and tractors. In 1870 he returned with them in the construction Railway. After completion firm and constructed sections Mr. Macdonald afterwards of Manning & Macdonald, and canal upon the Trent also the Tay canal at Perth, A. F. Manning, undertook 2 and 3 of the Don Improvements; the construction of the Belt Line Railway with Mr. Alex. Manning, who assumed his son's interest. At present Mr. Macdonald is engaged upon section 9 and 13 Soulanges canal and employs about 300 men. He became a memlier of the Board of Trade in 1888, and in politics is a Conservative. BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUMB HENRY LUCAS. M><- Hknrv LicAs, master builder. No. Sho College street, has erected many important bu.ld.n.^sm loron o. among them the Hospital for tick children, Toront^C ub Ho e Dom.n.on Bank (Queen street branch), and the Barber & Ellis Co.'s warehouse, and K.:"-u' :'M'P warehouses and first-class residences. .Mr. Lucas is an Englishma by birth and was born 31st. 1846, his father being- same town. When fourteen was apprenticed to his large buildings in l^igland. hi*^ trade he came to Canada 187 1. On arriving in To- various bricklaying work, tered into a partnership with as builders and contractors, nership was dissolved, since on the business alone and He is now engaged in erect- Hall, corner Jarvis and joined the Board of Trade in servative. He was the fust -Ancient Order of Foresters in at Portsmouth. December a large contractor in the years ^y{ age .Mr. Lucas father, working on various .After thoroughly mastering during the month of July roiito he was employed on and shortly afterwards en- his brother. Mr. John Lucas, Sixteen years ago the part- which Mr. Lucas has carried erected the buildings above, ing the new Massey Mission Queen streets. Mr. Lucas 1.S83 and politically is a Con- High Chief Ranger of the the I^ominion. and wa;; large- ly instrumental in obtaining the charter from England for the subsidiary High Cou-'t of Canada, and also for the Ancient Order of Shepherds. Mr. Lucas is also a member of Cheltenham Lodge, Sons of England Benevolent Society and is a Freemason and a member ot Doric Lodge. He is a member of the Baptist Church. Mr. John Ll and contractor, N seaport Town ot I builder in the old 1 oi this sketch ca settling first at of a bricklayer f( joined his brother ot Lucas Bros., a the year 1878, and each carry o Lucas continued when he went ini remained until nt. ion with a Sound and Portia of cement, and he The works of the situated at Shallo and a very large the cement havin distant points. M and President of represented old St of the Board of Tr WHJJAM JONES. Mr. William Joxks, builder and contractor. No. 122 Brunswick avenue, was born in Ireland. May 14th, 1848. His father was the Superintendent of the Belfast & Ballymena Railroad in Ireland, and is now retired. .Mr. Jones began life for himself as an apprentice to a bricklayei in Belfast. Ireland, after serving which he came to this country alone in the year i8b6. On arriving in " Toronto he worked at his trade of bricklaying for some taking contracts in a small operations until at present he ing contracts, and is a con- •Mr. Jones frequently employs lime, and expends as much is the owner of the Red field, and the Eaglemount and was the iTrst person red granite into the city for to show the beauties of this recently erected and has just sions on Langley avenue, one city, commanding a magnifi- rival in Canada .Mr. Jones years, and then commenced way, gradually increasing his is handling extensive build- tractor for street paving, etc. as many as 300 men at a as $200,000 per annum. He Granite quarries at Lake- quarries at Stony Lake, in Toronto to introduce private residences. In order kind of stone, Mr. Jones has completed two splendid man- of the highest points in the cent view. On his first ar- enlisted in the Tenth Royals, service in the Niagara Penin- and was called out for active sula against the Fenians. For some time he was stationed with the regiment at Thorold and other places. He was a member of the regiment for thirteen years, and when he retired htid the rank of Sergeant. .Mr. Jones became a member of the Board of Trade in 1886, and in politics is a Conservative and a Director of the Empire Publishing Co. .Mr. Ell\s R and largest coal fii Bituminous coal, here which are su| They also have m for the manufactui the head ollice, located in difTerei of their customers, been in the praci their employees of the number ol last Christmas i of turkeys to g Newmarket, Ont. o'^ age he embar succeeded beyond he became intere; son County, Pei ed his attention 1870 he opened i business above ref operator in Anthr; Canada. Mr. Roi several years on tl 17 so U VENIR Nl \ MBER. ■:\i JOHN LUCAS. Mk. John Lcias, President of the Owen Sound and Portland Cement Co., builder and contractor. No. 377 Spadina avenue, is an Entjlisliman by birth, and was born in the seaport Town of Portsmouth, luii^hmd, January 22iui, in tlie year 1844. His father was a builder in the old country, and after acquirini; his education in his native town, the subject of this sketch came to this settlinjj first at Cornwall, of a bricklayer for a time. joined his brother Henry in of Lucas Bros., as builders, the year 1878, when the and each carry on business Lucas continued building; when he went into the real remained until about the ne ion with a number ot Sound and Portland Cement of cement, and he is now the The works of the company, situated at Shallow Lake, in and a very large number of the cement having a ready distant points. Mr. Lucas is a member of King Solomon Lodge, No. 22, A and President of York Lodge, Sons of England. During the year i8qo and 1891 he represented old St. Patrick's Ward in tlie Toronto City Council. He has been a member of the Board of Trade since the year 18S5, and in politics is a Liberal-Conservative. ■w^ country in the year iShg, where he followed the trade In the year 1873 ^^^- Lucas Toronto under the firm name tlie partnership lasting until brothers decided to dissolve, on his own accovmt. Mr. alone until the year 1888, estate business in which he year i8gi. He then, in con- other gentlemen of the Owen Co., started the manufacture president of the company, which are extensive, are the county of Grey, Ont., men are employed at them, sale and being shipped to & A. M., ELIAS ROGERS. Mr. Eli.vs Rogers, of the firm of Elias Rogers & Co., is the head of the best known and largest coal firm in Canada. The firm docs an immense business in Anthracite and Bituminous coal. Their head oflice is in Toronto, and they have tl ree extensive coal yards here which are suppli'.'d with the most modern appliances for handling and screening coal. They also have most exten- sive facilities and machinery for the manufacture of wood the head office, they have located in different parts of of their customers. The firm been in the practice of dis- their employees at Christ- of the number of men em- last Christmas it required of turkeys to go around. Newmarket, Ont., Jmie 23, of age he embarked in the succeeded beyond his expec- he became interested in coal son County, Pennsylvania, ed his attention entirely to 1870 he opened an oflice in for domestic use. Besides ten branch order ofiices, the city for the conxenience have for a number of years tributing a turkey to each of mas, and an idea may be had ployed, when it is said that over one and one half ton Mr. Rogers was born near 1850. When twenty years lumber business, at which he tations. .\ few years later mining operations in Jeffer- and shortly afterwards turn- that branch of trade. In Toronto, and established the business above referred to, taking into partnership with him Mr. F. C. Dininny, a wealthy operator in Anthracite coal. The firm also have on^ of the largest wholesale businesses in Canada. Mr. Rogers became a member of the Board of Trade in 1885, and has served several years on the Council. I I r'l 2^8 Board of trade S( p .>. ANDRi:w Macintosh Mk. Anokkw Macintosh, Lumber and Coal merchant, i i 13 Yongo slreel, comes of old martial stock. His f^freat-grandfatlier fought under Prince Charles lidward in the Jacobite troubles, and after the collapse of the rebellion had to leave Scotland, and did not return until a general amnesty had been proclaimed. His grandfather was a Lieutenant in the 7Hth Highlanders, and on the Plains of Abraham. was also a soldier, and after landers for anumber of years Sergeant-Major, he received came to Canada in 1H32, Townships, where he took sively. The subject of this Scotland, November Sth, the same city, and accom- when he was fourteen years father on the farm for some of Messrs. VV. Price & Co., lumber firms in Canada, own- a large fleet of vessels. Mr. books and the store at Batis- vears. In 1855 he came to fought under General Wolfe The lather of Mr. Macintosh serving in the 78th High- and attaining the rank of an honorable discharge, and settling in the Eastern up land and farmed exten- sketch was born in Inverness, 1818. He was educated in panied his father to Canada of age. After assisting his years, he entered the employ Quebec, one of the largest ing thirty-one saw mills, and Macintosh had charge of the can, where he remained seven Toronto and took charge of the books of J. Snarr, lumber merchant and saw mill owner, remaining with that gentleman three years. For the next twenty-five years he had charge of the books and helped to manage the lumber business of Messrs. Smith, Burke & John B. Smith, and in 1884 established his present business. He joined the Board of Trade in 1886. JAMES A I KINS. Mk. jAMiis AiKiNS is a native of Ireland, being boih born and educated in the County of Tyrone. Mr. Aikins reached this country at the age of twenty-six and landed at Halifax, if not with but the proverbial single coin in his pocket, at least without any friend but himself. However, the training which work upon his father's farm had given him was not one calculated to pre- in the country he had elected 1848 he came to Toronto, it to take whatever came to his pations he embarked in busi- a coal and wood merchant in has thrived. Mr. Aikins nian stock. His father came his own arrival and settled Ajala, County .Simcoe, ac- three sons and five daugh- ripe old age of ninety-five, the time of his death, seventy-four years of age is man who could vie with and vim. Mr. Aikins has small to sfreat things. As a vent him from pushing ahead to dwell in, so that, when in was with the determination hand. After various occu- ness on Sherbourne street as 1867, an undertaking which comes of good >ld Hiber- to Canada two years alter on a farm in the Township of companied by his family of ters, where he died at the owning several farms at Mr. James Aikins. although still a hale, hearty old gentle- many a younger man in go seen Toronto grow from pioneer he has done good work and was a member of the old Volunteer Fire Brigade. He is a member also of L. O. L. 140 and 1. P. B. S. He is a supporter of Conservative principles and joined the Board of Trade in 1885. Mr. .Aikins is well known to the members of the Board of Trade, among whom he has many warm friends. [RD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUMBER. c street, comes o\' les Edward in the )tland, and did not was a Lieutenant der General Wolte of Mr. Macintosh 1 tlie 78th Hii^h- ninjf the rank of ible discharjj^e, and in the Eastern md farmed exten- > born in Inverness, ; was educated in i father to Canada After assisting his entered the employ )ne of the largest one saw mills, and 1 had charge oi the I he remained seven nd took charge of nainmg with that I of the books and ohn B. Smith, and ■ in 1886. JOHN COTTS. Mk. John Cotts, coal and wood merchant, 36 Dundas street, Toronto, is a Scotchman by birth and was born in the County ol Dumfriesshire in the year 1845, and acquired his education at a country school in the same county. Mr. Cotts' father was engaged in the blacksmiths business, which is now being conducted by a younger brother of the subject school and while still very with his father at the trade 1863 he made up his mind to Canada, which intention he and settled in the city of he did after he arrived in the the Cireat Western Railway seLjuenlly in the shops of the In the year 1873 Mr. Cotts period of three years was Northern Railway Co. At he commenced business on lished a flour and feed con- blending with it a coal and has been very successful, has invested a considerable estate and has every confi- dence in the futu prosperity of the ciiy. He became a member of the Board of Trade in the year 1883, is member of the coal section, and in politics is a Reformer. Since he came to Canada he has twice paid a visit to the land of his birth, but at the same time he is thoroughly ('aiiadian in sentiment. of this sketch. .Mler leaving young, Mr. Cotts worked of a blacksmith. In the year leave Scotland and go to carried out the same year Hamilton. The first work country was in the shops of Co., at Hamilton, and sub- same company at Oshawa. came to this city and for a working in the emplo\- of the the expiration oi that period his own account and estab- cern on Dundas street, wood business, at which he Mr. Cotts from time to time amount of monev in real A n H^^^^'^'-^H i ^^^^^^^^H i^l 1 ■ 1 ■■'"•^^B B> _ THOMAS R. WHITESIDE. ated in the County X and landed at without any friend lad given him was om pushing ahead , so that, when in the determination ter various occu- erbourne street as indertaking which good >ld Hiber- i two years alter n the Township of by his family of ; he died at the everal farms at Aikins. although hearty old gentle- lunger man in ^o :>nto grow from has done good a member also of iciples and joined rs of the Board of The subject of this sketch is a native Canadian, having been born in Toronto on March 5th. 1844. In 1838 Mr. Whiteside, senr., came to Canada from Sligo, Ireland, and settled in Toronto, then little more than a large town. At the age of fourteen, young Whitesii:k Mc.Arthik. .Mk. VV. |. .McArthik. 1 ROBERT CROSS. Mk. Rohekt Cross, coal and wood merchant. No. 54 Edward street, was born in the County of Tyrone, Ireland, in the year 1854. When one year old he accompanied his father to Canada, where Mr. Cross senior, settled on a farm on the Qth Concession, Tecumseth Township, Simcoe county. The subject of this sketch was educated at the public schools in Tecumseth Township, and in West Gvvillimbury and York Townships. When eighteen vears o'i age he came to the city of Toronto to push his way in life, and started teaming. Saving his money he was enabled to start his present business in the vear 1877, conducting it successfully from the first. Mr. Cross is a member of the Irish Protestant Ben.?volent Society, in the work of which he takes considerable interest. He became a member oi the Board of Trade in the year 1886 and in politics supports the pres- ent Dominion Government. Mr. Cross is known among the merchants of the city as a reliable business man. He has lis share of the coal and wood trade of the city and has achieved success. Mr. member o England, quently at endowed Mr. I)alb.\ and came stationed regiment by left the purchased service, ment at I Mr. Dalb) Toronto a way, after where he ing ^'ard took the I ness whict of Angus tics is a Independc daughter ( Dalby is ai Mr. Englishm; 1854. Hi the farm fi consequen his first ar tion of fan removed for a wli M ounce n there who way throu full blast Mr. Ondor portion of him Mr. in railroad and Toroi and opene real estati Mounce v sold out f investmen a shrewd n he went al 17* TRADE SOUVENIR NUMBER 259 (JKOR(iK KACii.I", DAI. 15V. Mr. Gkoui;k Kac.lk Dai,hv, Coal and Wood MtTcliaiii, Collej^-e street, became a member of the Board of Trade in 1881. He was born in the \illaj4'e ot Sawley, Derbysliir^ , Knjjland, February 14th, 1843, and was educated, first at Sleyning, Sussex, and subse- quently at Sutton Bonnin^ton, Nottiny^hamshire, where he became a pupil teaclu-r in the endowed school. When he ^__ was se\enteen years of age, Mr. Dalby enlisted in H. M. • ^oih regiment of infantry, and came with that regiment to Canada in 1861. He was stationed in Toronto for ,,^^ about three years, when the regiment was ordered to £ ^^^ Montreal. In i8()4 Mr. Dal- by left the regiment with the j^ jfuk:- rank of Drum Major, having purchased his discharge after ]^B ^ "^^^K three years and eight months service. He returned to ^^BLi i^^^P I'-ngland anJ found employ- ment at I^eeds with a rail- ^^l^tL- i^^K^ ^^''-^ company tor two years. Mr. Dalby, at the expiration .^P'^^^^BP of that period, came back to Toronto and entered the em- ,^^^2-^^^^^ki. '^'^^^' ^^* ''^^' Xorihern Rail- way, afterwards a portion ^^'i '^^KB^^^^^t^ ''^^ (iraml Trunk system, where he remained twenty- ^^^^(BBBI^ ^^^'^ years and a half, becom- ing Yard Master and Lum- • /y>?^-w- , j^^^j. inspector. In 1889 he took the management of the grocery, coal and wood busi- ness which his wife and son had established at the corner ot Augusia and College ' — streets. Mr. Dalby in poli- tics is a Reformer. He is a member oi tiie Oddfellows, Knights of Maccabees and Independent Order of Foresters. In 18(13 lie married Miss Margaret England Black, daughter of William Black, Esq., by whom he has four sons and three daughters. .Mr. Dalby is an enthusiastic believer in the future of Toronto. THOMAS .MOL'NCF. Mr. Thomas Moi'Nce, a retired coal and wood merchant, 32 Metcalf street, is an Englishman by birth and was born at Thorn, Langtry Parish, Devonshire, November 8th, 1854. His father was a farm steward in England, and afier working under his father on the farm for about four years Mr. Mounce decided to try his luck in the New World, and consequently came to Canada his first arrival in the country tion of farming near Whitby, removed to the United for a while in connection Mounce next went west to there when the construction way through the Rocky and full blast. He obtained Mr. Onderdonk.a well known portion of the C. P. R., in him Mr. Mounce remained in railroad construction. .\t and Toronto land booms in and opened a provision store, real estate. The provision Mounce went into the coal alone in the year 1868. On he followed his old occupa- Ont., but after a short time States, where he was engaged with copper mining. Mr. British Columbia, arriving ofthe Canadian Pacific Rail- Selkirk mountains was in employment as a foreman with contractor who built a large British Columbia, and with some time actively engaged the time of the Winnipeg 1882 he returned to this city at the same time investing in store was given up and Mr. and wood business which he sold out four years ago, and he is now engaged looking after his property and real estate investments. Mr. Mounce never had the benefit of a regular school education, but being a shrewd man and keeping his eyes open he managed to pick up considerable know ledge as he went along. He joined the Board of Trade in 1855. \ n a6o nOARI) OF TRADE SL II i it JOSI'IMI l.lirLK. The ancestors of tlie siihjcct ol this sketch were inihtary men and serveil witli distinc- tion lo themselves in tlie British Army. ihe f,'randfalher oi Mk. Litti.k served His Majesty the Kinf>f of lui^land in the I'eninsida War under (he Duke of VVeliinj^ton, and was present at tlie memorable siej^^e and taking of Hadajoz. Mr. Little's father was also a Hritish soldier, and fou^jiit in^ the War of 1812 and the battle ci'i Queenstovvii Hrock. He came to this Armajjh, Ireland, and .-ettled county of Durham, Out., pation of a farmer. The born November 4th, in the Hope, and after leaving farm until he was twenty- married and tt>ok a farm for farming o\\ his own account, business, and in the year Chicago, where he took con- then went into the coal and year 18S7 lie returned to this established hi against the .Americans dur- 1H13, and was present at Heights under (ieneral country from the county of in the township of Hope, where he followed the occu- subject of this sketch was year i84(}, in the township of school worked on his father's seven years of agfe, when he himself. .After six years of Mr. Little went into the cattle 1880 he went to the City of tracts for some time, and wood business. During the country, and settling' in To- coal and wood business at ronto, established his present No. S()S Vonge street. Mr. Little became a member of the Board of Trade in the year 1887, and in politics is a supporter of the Liberal party. He is a member of the .Sons of Canada and of the Mystic Circle. Mr. Little has succeeded in building up a prosperous business ■l!l lii .:i i '■'M 1! ■ MH F ■ 'i'U 1? 'f^ s? 1. . 11 11 '■'--■'«*>■ NEAVEN McCONNKLL. Mk. Nk.\vi;n McCo.N'nki.i., No. 127 Bedford road, at present a retired merchant, is a native Canadian of Irish parentage. His father came to this country from the county of Armagh about the year 1830, and settled in the county of Peel, Ont., where he took up land and farmed. The subject of this sketch was born at Chinguacousy, county of Peel, January loth, 1838, and was educated at the public school of the same place. After nell remained on his father's wards taking up land in the he farmed until the year village of Charleston, where year 1875 removed to To- and wood business on Queen of Messrs. N. McConnell iV' consisted of Mr. McConnell son, the remaining seven nell being the sole proprietor, from business, but intends commercial life. Mr. Mc- the Board of Trade in the is a Liberal-Conservative, the subject of this sketch leaving school Mr. McCon- farm for some time, after- township of Caledon, which 1 87 1. He then moved to the he shipped wood, and in the ronto and established a coal street east, under the name Co. For five years the firm and Mr. William Richard- years it existed Mr. McCon- Six years ago he retired shortly re-entering active Council became a member of year 1886, and in politics he While engaged in business, — •-' was successful in building up a large local trade and employing many hands and a full complement of teams. His retire- ment was regretted by those best acquainted with him, as he had won a high reputation for himself among them. His contemplated return to an active business life will be appreciated. i/i'.O (;/•' TRADE SOUVENIR NUMIiEK. irved with distinc- \TX\.v. served Ills f Wellinjfton, and father was also a „• Americans diir- was present at under General ini the county of Aiiship of Hope, biiowed tiie occu- this sketch was in the township of ked on his father's i ic^i aji^e, wlien he Uler six years of vent into the cattle ent to tiie City oK some tim^', and ness. During the id settiinf»^ in To- ivood business at Trade in the year iber of the Sons of y up a prosperous JOHN CI-ANCV Mk. Jt>iiN Ct.AMV. the well-i'ars after, his success en- couraged him to extend it by adding thereto the Hour and {^i'^iX department with which it has been connected ever since. Mr. Clancy received his education in the separate schools. He is a supporter oi Liberal principles, a member of the Maccabees, and joined the Board of Trade in i8cS^. red merchant, is a rom the county of where he took up y, county of Peel, the public school ool Mr. McCon- ome time, after- f Caledon, which then moved to the wood, and in the tablished a coal under the name ve years the firm William Richard- sted Mr. McCon- »go he retired entering active ame a member of ind in politics he iged in business, ful in building up ;ims. His retire- a high reputation iness life will be HKNRV WOODROW. Mr. Hknrv Woookow, Coal and Wood Merchant, Nos. 764 and 805'.. Queen street east, is a gentleman who has steadily worked his way up from the bottom of the ladder to a position which enables him to be an employer of labor instead of an employee. He was born at Piddletown, Dorsetshire, England, July 21st, in the yiar 1848, and attended night school in the same place, the ^ only school he ever did at- tend. His father was a farm ." laborer. Mr. Woodrow came to Canada in the year 1872, after having worked as a farm laborer for some years "'.^\ n luigland. He settled in Toronto and for some time -^'"'^''x ' ' worked in a brickfield making bricks. He afterwards drove t A one of Mr. P. D. Conger's coal carts, and in the year ■!%. W ''^'^ started his present coal and wood business, which has tt. J"' grown rapidly and proved a success. Mr. Woodrow be- flpi » cAm^ a member of the Board of Trade in the year 1885 and ^K Mk. ■ ''i politics is a Conservative. He is a member of Albion .j^^F^\^^^b- l-odge No. 1 S. O. K., and of St. George's Society. Mr. ifllJI^^Hr Woodrow carries on a large business. He always has in ^^^^^Hrp ■^^oc^ a large supply of anthracite and bituminous f^'HP^f ^"^"''i' which he imports direct from the mines in Pennsylva- - . ^ ^^._^ He also handles great quantities of firewood, which V is cut and split by machinery to any lengths required. ' ' Several men are employed and several delivery waggons are in constant service. Mr. Woodrow owes his success in life entirely to his own exertions, and is well thought of in mercantile circles. Although a strong Conservative, Mr. Woodrow finds little time to spend in political discussion' and takes no part in party politics, apart from giving his silent support to the party of his choice. HOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NU \k WILLIAM Ml GILL & CO. The firm of W. McGill .V Co.. Wholesale and Retail Coal and Wood Merchants. ■(,« Mathurst street is one ot the most successful and reliable fnms of its kind in Toronto. It was establ.shed hy .Mk. W ir.i iam Maiii.i. in .«7>. a ^'ent'eman hij-hly rej^arded in trade circles. 1 he yards owned by the hrm are spacious and well equipped, and always contain a heavy stock ol the choicest .About forty men are em- ty wajfjfons and their output and Ji,oi)o cords of wood (iill, the head of the firm. Uroom House, Lanarkshire, ada with his parents the cated at Spring-field, V ol ther had a farm and owned a Ciill commenced his business the age of seventeen, and business for himself as a contiiuiiiijj the same business came to 'I'oronto and estab- wood business at his present ful ever since. Mr. .McCiill Pioneers. He joined the quippeii. aiui always kinds oi coal and wood, ployed by the firm and t wen- is about j?4,s a Liberal Conservative. He is a shrewd, enterpris n 'g ntle- esieeme'd to those members of the Board in the Coal Section' and ^high v BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR ^ VVAI/riiR McKARLANE. Mr. Waltkr McFarlank, a well known coal and wood merchant, No. 24s V^ Spadina avenue, became a member of the Board of Trade in the year 1884, and has had a successful and prosperous busmess career. He is a native Canadian and was born at Islington, Ont., March 4th, m the year 1848. His grandparents, who were from Scotland, came to this country in the year 1816, and settled at Islington. Mr. McFarlane's father was born in this country, and was a farmer at Islington, Ont. After acquiring an education in the Public Schools, tiie subject of this sketch, when eighteen years of age, took a milk business in Toronto, which he attended to so assiduously that it proved a great success, and was named the Farmers Dairy Co., a business which Mr. McFarlane still continues on a whole- sale scale, supplying the principal hotels and restaurants in the city with their daily supply. In the year 1887 he started a coal and wood business at the corner of Spadina avenue aiid St. Patrick street in a small way. commencing with only a couple of waggons. But the business, and Mr. McFarlane's credit, l^ave so increased that he now employs a number of men and no less than thirteen waggons, delivering coal and wood to all parts of the city. In politics Mr. McFarlane supports the Liberal Party. In the year 1871 Mr. McFarlane married Miss Joiuiston, a daughter of Mr. Benjamin Johnston, of Islington. Mr. W of Mr. Folli ment Postal He was a na this sketch years of ag( menced his corner of Ba year 1888 M of Arthur str good family Mr. Johnsto Orange Ore politically is Hannah of 1 EARL CHERRY. Mk. Eahi. Chkrrv, coal and wood merchant. No. 157 Parliament street, is an English- man by birth and was born in the seaport town of Hull, N'orkshire, January 7th, in the year 1850. His father, who is now deceased, was engaged in the business of shipbroking in that town and came to this country when the subject of this sketch was nine years of age, settling in Toronto and engaging in ihe business of ship-building. After receiving his education, partly in England and partly in this city, Mr. Cherry started for the Muskoka district in the year 1861, where he started farming, at the same time doing considerable in lumber, his father and urothers being the owners of a shingle mill in the district. Mr. Cherry remained in Muskoka for a period of thirteen years, ultimately becoming a partner in the firm under the name oi Messrs. Cherry Brothers. Returning to Toronto he estab- lished his present coal and wood business eiglit years ago and has met with a considerable amount of success. He carries a large stock of Anthracite coal in q^^, stove and nut sizes, also bituminous coal. It is all carefully prepared for household use and manufac- turing purpose-, and is sold as low as at any otlieryard. He also carries a large stock of cord, sawed and split, hard and soft wood. Mr. Cherry became a member of the Board of Trade in the year 1887. In politics he follows no party but maintains an absolutely independent position. DENNIS DANIELS. Mr. Dennis Daniels, Coal and Wood Merchant, No. 710 Yonge street, is an Eng- lishman by birth, and was born in the fashionable watering resort of Cromer, on the north coast of the County of Norfolk, in the year 1829. In the year 1836 the father of this sketch came to this'country and settled in Toronto, where he entered the employ of Messrs. John Rose & Co., undertakers, with which firm he remained for a period of over forty years. Mr. Daniels received his primary education in the town of his birth in England, and after his arrival in Toronto, continued it at the Central School under Mr. Spragge, father of Chancellor Spragge. At the age of thirteen years .Mr. Daniels went to work in a market garden in North Toronto, where he remained for a period oi 12 years. At the expiration oi that period he worked at the building trade for a period ot four years, when he started a market garden for himself in North Toronto, which he carried on lor some yeaas. Twenty years ago he established his present coal and wood business which has been a successful one, and is steadily increasing. His premises are extensive ones and are equipped with every convenience for storing stock. Mr. Daniels became a member of the Board of Trade in the year 1885, and in politics is a Liberal. He built the first house ever erected on VVickson avenue. Mr. Th was born in father was a school Mr. ( believing th; country alor about three; he came to t ers, and in c duty as such tablished hi;- ally and by 1 employment large local t her of the B and in politi Mr. Th Canadian of parents car 1855 and sel cultural pur and wood b the City of pleted it in I late firm of in which firr ness. Aftei 1878, entere of Messrs. 1 years, when and from vv Masonic Oi George's Lc fo; seven ye 'iADE SOUVENIR NUMBER 263 WILLIAM F. JOHNSTON. Mr. William F. Johnston, Coal and Wood Merchant, No. 98 Arthur street, is a son of Mr. Follis Johnston, who was for many years in the employ of the Dominion Govern- ment Postal Department, and was Postmaster for the West Knd postal division of the city. He was a native of Tyrone, Ireland, and is now retired from active service The subject of this sketch was born in the County of Tyrone, Ireland, in the year 1863, and when five years of age came to this country with his parents, who settled in Toronto. He com- menced his mercantile career at an early age with his father in a grocery store at the corner of Bathurst and Queen streets, the West End post office being in the store. In the year 1888 Mr. Johnston started out for himself in the coal and wood business at the corner of Arthur street and Manning avenue, which business he has continued ever since, doing a good family trade. During the winter months he has as many as ten teams employed. Mr. Johnston is a member of the Sons of Ireland Protestant Benevolent Society, and the Orange Order. He became a member of the Board of Trade in the year 1886, and politically is a Conservative. In the year i88g Mr. Johnston married Miss Eleanor Hannah of Toronto, a daughter of Mr. Samuel Hannah of Palmerston, Ont. THOMAS COULTER. Mr. Thomas Coulter, Coal and Wood Merchant, No. 94 Spadina avenue, Toronto, was born in the town of Omagh, County Tyrone, Ireland, on the 14th of April, i860. His father was a farmer in the County of Tyrone, and after acquiring an education at the town school Mr. Coulter worked upon his father's farm for some time. Anxious to succeed and believing that America offered a wider field for his ambition than Ireland, he came to this country alone when nineteen years of age and settled at Chatham, Ont. For a period of about three years he followed the occupation of a farmer at Chatham, and in the year 1883 he came to this city. Tall and strong, he made application to the City Police Commission- ers, and in due course was enrolled a city constable, and for a period of three years did duty as such. In the year 1866 he resigned from the Police P'orce, and the same year es- tablished his present coal and wood business, at which he has been very successful, gradu- ally and by degrees succeeding in building up a considerable trade. Mr. Coulter gives employment to a number of men, and has a large complement of teams. He does a very large local trade and supplies fuel to every section of ihe city. Mr. Coulter became a mem- ber of the Board of Trade in the year 1886, is a member of the coal section of the Board, and in politics follows an independent course. THOMAS WILLIAM BARBER. Mr. Thomas W. Barber, coal and wood merchant. No. 339 Ontario street, is a native Canadian of English descent and was born in the City of London, Western Ontario. His parents came to this country from the County of Worcestershire, England, in the year 1855 and settled in the Township of London, where Mr. Barber, senior, engaged in agri- cultural pursuits for a time, ultimately removing to this city, where he engaged in the coal and wood business. Mr. Barber, junior, was first of all educated in the public schools of the City of London, and after coming to this city with his father, in the year 1870, com- pleted it in the public schools of this city. After leaving school he was employed by the late firm of Messrs. J. G. Joseph & Co., wholesale manufacturing jewellers, "S'onge street, in which firm he acquired a good practical knowledge of the jewelry manufacturing busi- ness. After remaining with that firm for a period of five years, Mr. Barber, in the year 1878, entered into partnership with Mr. Dewdney, manufacturing jeweller, under the name of Messrs. Barber, Dewdney & Co. This partnership was dissolved after a period of five years, when the subject of this sketch took hold of the business established by his father "and from which that gentleman was anxious to retire. Mr. Barber is a member o fthe Masonic Order and Junior Warden of Occident Lodge. He is also a member of St. George's Lodge, Sons of England ; a Past Leader of the Canadian Home Circle, and was fo;- seven years a member of the Queen's Own band. He joined the Board of Trade in 1885. 264 BOARD OF TRADE SOUVE THOMAS ni:i.i.. The firm of Messrs. Thomir, Bell & Co., coal and wood merchants, No. 156 Simcoe street, Toronto, is a well-known one in this city. The business was established in the year iS(u, by the subject oi this sketch, on 's,nps street. It was afterwards removed to Queen street, and in the year 1871 was removed to its present location on Simcoe street. The yards are extensive, beinjj 104 by 104 feet in area, with sheds and oflices. The number of hands employed by the lirm averas^es ten in the summer and about twenty or more in the winter. I'-ig'ht horses and waj^'j^ons are also used lor the delivery of coal. Tiie annual sales oi the firm approximate over 11,000 tons oi coal and 4,000 cords of wood. They import largely from the United States, direct from the mines. Mr. Hell is o*" Irish descent and w-as born in the County of Fermanagh in the year iie Railway Co. Mr. Brown next built a large iron bridge at Caledonia, and then rebuilt the gaol at Cayuga. From Cayuga he went to the Fort Dover & Lake Huron Railway Co., and built all the timber work on the road, having ju the same time the contract for all the wood work from Port Dover to Stratford. Mr. Brown about this time put in the stone work for the Railroad bridge over the Grand River at Brantford. He also built the first large addition to the asylum at Hamilton, and built the Post OHice and Custom House at Brantford. In this city he has built the school oi Practical Science, the Jesuit Church, and in addition to hav- ing a lot of building contracts on hand is laying the extension of the pipes into deep water for the City Council. He built large additions to the .Asylum at Kingston, to the Reforma- tory at Penetangashene and to the Agricultural School at Guelph. Last year he com- pleted the new Court House for the County .: Oxford, at Woodstock. JOSEPH J. FOLLETT. Mr. Joseph J. Foi.lktt, Merchant Tailor, 181 Vonge street, is an Englishman by birth, and has resided in Toronto for a number of years. He has a large establishment a few doors north of Queen street, three storeys high and a frontage of 40 feet by a depth of 125 feet, one of the most prominent business positions on Vonge street. A heavy stock of well selected, choice English and Scottish goods are always on hand from which to make sel:;ctions, and Mr. Follett invariably succeeds in giving his customers satisfaction. He was born in the garrison town of Chatham, Kent, England, in 1850, and was educated at the schools in that town. He commenced iiis business career in Chatham with the firm of Mr. George Church, Draper, remaining in that employ for three years. At the expiration of that period he went to London, and entered the emploj' of Messrs. Dickenson & Co., Retail Drapers, where he remained another three years. In 1870 he came to Canada with his parents, and entered the firm of Mr. Thomas Thompson, now of the Mammoth House, King street east, remaining with that firm for eleven years in charge of the clothing department. During April i8cyi he started on his own account in his present business, in which he has been very successful. .Mr. Follett is a member of the Athenannn Club, and is iVeasurer of the Carlton street Methodist Church Quarterly Board. He joined the Board of Trade in 1888. S. FRANK WILSON. The subject of this sketch is well-known in Canada as one of Toronto's successful publishers. He is the head of the Wilson Publishing (lo., established in the year 1874, with large premises at Nos. 73 and 81 .Adelaide street west, which company prints the out- sides and insides for about 150 Canadian town and village newspapers. He also publishes Truths a leading weekly magazine. The Ladies," Journal, and in addition does a large advertising business. Mr. Wilson is the second son of Mr. Geo. Wilson of Port Hope, and was born in Toronto in the year 1855. He was educated at the Model School in this city and comnenced his business career in his father's business at Hamilton, now removed to Port Hope, where he publishes the daily and weekly Guide. .After remaining with his father for a period of four years and learning the publishing business, Mr, Wilson came to Toronto and started on his own account. He has been most successful and emplovs a large number of hands. Mr. Wilson is a member of the National, Granite Curling, Bicvcle and Canoe Clubs, and takes an active part in all manly outdoor sports. He is a member of St. John's Lodge, Hamilton, A. F. & .A. M. He became a member oi the Board of Trade in the year 1887 and in politics is a Conservanve. BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR Ni ROHKRT M.\IJ)\VIX KM, IS. Mk RouKKT H.M.nu.N l-:,.i..s. lea broker. No. 4S Fro.u street east, was horn in the v.lIai,'eot Mount Pleasant. Hrant County, Out.. Fehuarv sHi, 1S48. His lather is a Canadian and still carries on a turniture business at Mount' Pleasant. The subject of this sketch was educated at the public schcol in the place ^^i his birth and then at the hiL'h school in the same place. \\ hen he was ei^-hteen years of a-e he entered the general store ot Mr. hdward Long at St. Mary's, Ont.. where he remained for a period of one and a half years. In the yejir 1.S07 he came to Toronto and obtained a clerkship in the establishment ot Messrs. John Smith cK: Co.. wholesale grocers, with whom he remained for a period of three years, .After leaving their employ he went into the lumber business at Spanish River .Mills on the north shore oi Lake Huron, with Messrs. .\. M. Smith .V" Co., and remained there for a period ot one year. Returning to Toronto Mr. Ellis entered the ollke ^-si Messrs. Smith \- Keighley, wholesale grocers, which position he held for a period of one year and was then a traveller for the firm for another two years. Mr. LIlis, when he left that firm, started on his own account on Church street as a tea and general merchandise broker, removing to his present premises on Front street east a year later. In the year 1877 Mr. FIlis married .Miss Callender, a daughter of Mr. F. C. Callender, of the citv of Toronto. He became a member of the Board ^^i Trade in 1882 and in politics i's a Liberal- Consei'v ative. GFORGH WADDKLL LILLIE. One y^i the old established houses of Toronto is that of Messrs. Lyman Bros. & Co., wholesale druggists, Xos. 71 and 73 Front street east. It is more than half a century since the concern came into existence, having been established in the year 1832 bv Mr. |. \V. Bent, in a comparatively moderate wa ■. In the year 1840 the name oi the firm was changed to Lyman. Farr & Co. Other changes were made until the year 1870, when it became known by its present name. From its inception the business has grown steadily until to-day it is the largest drug business in the I^ominion. Mr. CiiiOKC.E \V.\nni:i,i, Lii.lik, a member oi the firm, is a son oi the Rev. .Adam Lillie, principal of the Congregational College at Brantford. He was born at Brantford, October 28th, in the year 1837, and was educated at Knox College, Toronto. Mr. Lillie commenced his commercial career when sixteen \ears of age in the publishing house of Mr. Hugh Scobie, King street east, where he remained for a period oi six years, and where he acquired a knowledge of the publishing business. Shortly afterwards, in the jear 1861, Mr. Lillie entered the employ of Messrs. Lyman, FUiot t\: Co.. wholesale druggists, as book-keeper, a position he filled for ten years. .At the expiration oi that period he was taken into partnership by the firm, which partnership has continued ever since. Mr. Lillie became a member of the Board of Trade in the year 1883 and in politics is a Reformer. The other members of the firm are Mr. Henry Lvman, of Montreal, and Mr. John Henderson. JOHN HKNRV GR.ASETT H.AG.ARTY. .Mr. John HI:^•R^ CJrasktt Hac;.\rtv joined the Board oi Trade in 1879, and during his connection with it has been an active and energetic member, always giving his hearty co-operation towards furthering the interests of the organization. He was at one time a member oi the Toronto Corn Exchange, better known as the " Produce and Merchants' Exchange," before that bodv amalgamated with the Board of Trade in the spring of 1884. He is at present a member of the Board of Arbitration of the Board of Trade. .Mr. Hagartv was born in Toronto, October 8th, 1845, and after acquiring much of his education in the 'citv was sent to the College at Leamington, England. I'rom 1863 to 1869 he studied law, when he was called to the Bar. Preferring a commercial to a'protessional lite he relinquished the law in 1871 and went into the grain, shipping and ve.s.sel owning busi- ness, with his ollice at 19 Wellington street west. Mr. Hagarty was one ot the Harbor Commissioners for some three years, the only public office he has neid. In politics he is a Conservative. There ari S.\Mri:i. Cu.w Ireland, in i(S came to Canat the public scl Captain Craii between Toroi and in anotlu lakes. He re schooners 77/ master of saili sailed her him four years. I which founder and 1888 Capt Roseddlc at Su Cement. In t which Mr. Haj to operate he though he is marine surveyi A. F. & A. M Board of Trad Section. He t business intere Mr. John in Toronto, .Au years ago, and is still living in public schools 1 driving a wage Shortly afterw; he started busi at it. In i8fi leased a brick i continues. In paving work. Shaw's station, brick, stone, s( yards and pren venience of rec St. Mark's Wa tant measures office were the the awarding o of the C. P. R. the foot of Yor questions of ir Maloney's con Board oi Tradt \DE SOUVENIR NUMBER. *65 CAPTAIN SAMUKL CRANGLH. There are very io^w men in Toronlo who have led a more eventful life than Captain Samii:!. Ckanglk, mariner and ship-owner. He was born near Belfast, County Down, Ireland, in iH;,c), his father havini,^ been a small farm.cr in the same county. Capt. Crangle came to Canada with his parents when he was six years old, and obtained his education in the public schools which existed in Toronto at that time. When twelve years of age Captain Crangle began his nautical career, shipping aboard a small stone hooker trading- between Toronto, Oakville and along the lake shore. In six years time he became a mate, and in another six years was master ^^i the schooner Sivcvt Home, trading all over the lakes. He remained captain of this vessel for four years. He was next captain ot the schooners Three Bells for a year, and of the Mai-y Groves for four years, and remained master of sailing vessels until 1871. In 1872 he purchased the steamer/. S. Clarke and sailed her himself for two years. He then purchased the propeller Cuba and sailed her for four years. He sold the Cuba to Mr. Hagarty and purchased the steamer California, which foundered on Lake Michigan during a severe tempest in October, 1887. In 1887 and 1888 Captain Crangle was in luigland, and he and Mr. Hagarty built the steamer Rosedale at Sunderland, and she crossed the Atlantic to Chicago with a cargo of Portland Cement. In tiie winter of 1890 the vessel was lengthened and a joint Stock Company, of which Mr. Hagarty is General Manager and Captain Crangle Superintendent, was formed to operate her. The Captain has now retired from active l?fe and lives at Rosedale, though he is still interested in the Rosedale Co., and does nearly all the wrecking and marine surveying for Canadian underwriters. He is a member of St. Andrew's Lodge A. I". & .A. M., and is President of the Marine Association of Canada. He joined the Board of Trade in i88() and is a member of the Executive Committee of the Marine Section. He takes wci interest in politics, but still devotes a great deal of his time to his business interests. JOHN jOSKPH MALONEV. Mk. John j. M.m.onev, lime merchant, Parkdale, is a native Canadian, and was born in Toronto, August 15th, 1856. His father emigrated from County Kerry, Ireland, many years ago, and after his arrival in Toronto, was a market gardener on Brock Avenue. He is still living in the city and is eighty-five years of age. Mr. Maloney was educated at the public schools of Toronto. When he was sixteen years of age he began business life, driving a wagon to and from the Central Prison, when that building was being erected. Shortly afterwards he worked on the Credit \'alley railway. When twenty years of age he started business on his own account supplying stone to city builders, and still continues at it. In 1886 Mr. Maloney formed a partnership with Mr. George Armstrong and leased a brick yard on the Lake Shore near the H umber River, and the partnership still continues. In 1893 he formed a partnership with Mr. Connolly in crushing stone for street paving work. Mr. Maloney also has a large interest in the Maloney Stone Quarry at Shaw's station, near Toronto. His business comprises builders' general supplies, such as brick, stone, sewer pipes, etc., his principal customers being private contractors. His yards and premises are adjacent to the Canadian Pacific Railway at Parkdale, for the con- venience of receiving shipments. Mr. Maloney was elected to the City Council in 1891 for St. Mark's Ward, and afterwards for No. 6 Ward in 1892 and 1893. Among the impor- tant measures which were dealt with by the City Council during Mr. Maloney's terms of office were the extension of the Exhibition grounds, removal of the Rifle Ranges to Mimico, the awarding of the steel railway franchise, the esplanade question as to the alternative site of the C. P. R., and location of the new station, also the construction of a new city wharf at the foot of Yonge street, and which will most likely be known as Victoria wharf, and other questions of importance to the growth and progress of the city, in all of which Alderman Maloney's course has been approved by his constituents. Mr. Maloney joined the Board of Trade in 1886 and in politics is a Reformer. w 26ti BOARD OF TRADE SOV JOHN C. I.AXni'R. Mr. John C. Lanhkk, dispensing; cliL-niist and driij;gist. corner of V'onj^^e and Hloor streets, Toronto, is a native Canadian and was born in the City of Montreal in tlie year 1845. He received his education in tiie same ciiy, after which he commenced his mercantile career as an apprentice to tiie late Mr. J. Gardiner, of Montreal, driijc^ist and chemist, with whom he remained for a period of live years, acquiring a thorough practical knowledge of the business in all its details. After leaving Mr. Gardiner, the sub- ject of this sketch came to Toronto and for some time was connected with the whole- sale firm of Messrs. Lyman & Sons, chemists and druggists. He left that firm t(-. establish his present business on Vonge and Hloor streets, and by his ability, energy and perseverance has succeeded in building up a large connection and has ih.e most popular pharmacy in the northern portion of the city. It is tastefully fitted up and well stocked \yith a choice, carefully selected assortment of drugs of all kinds, chemicals, pharmaceu- ticals, perfumes, toilet articles and supplies for the sick room. The prescription department is under the immediate supervision of Mr. Lander and all physicians' orders are most carefully attended to and filled. Mr. Lander became a member of the Hoard of Trade in the year i888 and in politics is a supporter of the Liberal-Conservative party. He is a member of the Masonic Order and Independent Order of Oddfellows. He belongs to several clubs in the city and at one time took an active part in outdoor athletic sports. in many of which he was himself proficient. MORGAN DA Mr. Morgan Davies, the successful tea merchant. No. 4b Front street east, has experienced some ups and downs in his life and is essentially a self-made man. He was born in Glamorganshire, South Wales, February 27th, 1827, and was educated at Glan- carver, South Wales. His father was in the milling business in Wales. Mr. Davies came to thjj; country and settled at Montreal, in the year 1S55. He commenced to fight his own way in life when a boy of thirteen years of age, in the railway shops at Cardiff, and remained at that kind of work until he was twenty-seven years of age. Coming to Canada he dro\e a locomotive on the Grand Trunk Railway for a period of three years and then went into the peddling busines and was around St. Lawrence market for vears fighting his way up, taking care of the dollars he made until he ultimately became a large produce merchant in i| RD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUMBER. JOHN KAY, SON «: CO. Voiifje and Bloor The firm of John K.ny, Son & Co., importers and dealers in carpets, oil cloths, lino- itreal in tlie year leiims, {general home I'urnishings, wholesale and retail, 34 King street west, is well-known commenced his throiijjhoiit the Dominion. The business was established as far back as 1843 under the eal, druggist and name of Hetley & Brown, chanjjing in 1847 to Betley & Kay. About twenty-two years -ing a thorough ago Mr. Betley retired and Mr. Kay, senior, father of the subject of thi.s sketch, continued rardiner, the sub- it. Mr. John I^kvcI': Kay, the head of the present firm, was born in Toronto, April 17th, with the whole- 1857. His father emigrated from Gargunnoch, Stirlingshire, in 1847, and established the eft that firm tC' business of Betley & Kay. Mr. Kay, junior, after attending Upper Canada College and )ility, energy and the Cialt Collegiate Institute, entered the business of his father, acting as buyer for some the most popular years. In 1888 the firm took its present name with Mr. Kay as partner. He joined the md well stocked Board of Trade in i8gi and in politics is Independent. Mr. Colin Fraser Gordon, another :als, pharmaceu- partner in the firm, was born December 20th, 1849, in the village of Rhynie, Aberdeenshire, ption departmei't and was educated at the Rhynie Public School and a» the Aberdeen Grammar School. ' orders are mo.~.t After a few years spent in business in Aberdeen, he went to London, Kngiand, and for kiard of Trade in three years was in tiie Union Bank. In 1872 he came to Canada and was connected with party. He is a the Consolidated Bank and Canadian Bank of Commerce. On his retirement from bank- He belongs to ing, in 1883, he entered the employ of Mr. John Kay and in January 1888 became a partner athletic sports. in the firm as it is to-day. Mr. tiordon is a member oi St. Andrew's Society and joined the Board of Trade in 1892. In politics he is Independent. MORGAN DAVIES. street east, has the market. He removed to the town of Bowmanville in the year 1861, and went into le man. He was the produce business, in which he continued for twenty-two years, combining with ■ducated at Glan- this, in the year 1883, the tea business. Returning to Toronto at the expiration of that Mr. Davies came period, in 1886 Mr. Davies opened his present premises. He imports tea direct from .1 to fight his own Ceylon, Japan, China and India and his trade extends from Quebec to British Columbia, lifT, and remained with three travellers constantly on the road. Mr. Da\ ies is a member of the A.F. & .A.M. Canada he dro\e He became a member of the Board of Trade in the year 1886 and politically is a Liberal id then went into Conservative. All his life Mr. Davies has shown conspicuous pluck in fighting his wav It ing his way up, upward and deserves all the success he has obtained. From a very small beginning and duce merchant in in spite of many obstacles, he has achieved a good commercial position. BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUM. THli MERCER HEFOHMA TORY. E SOUVENIR NUMBER 267 ER REFORMATORY. s r,w' 'W. 368 HOARD OF TRADE SOUV TO l^O N TO BO A R I If: Office Bearers for l\ I I! il |i I : 1ST \ iik-Pkicsiokm : IIUCJH HLAIN. Pkhsident : I"). R. V Tkicamkhr : J. L. J W. CHRISTIi:. II. N. BAIRD. W. I). MATTHKWS. W. R. BROCK. WARRING KKNNKDV. COUNCIT.: A. A. ALLAN. GKO. H. BI-RTRAM. G. M. BOSVVORTH. W. INCE. F. H. Cl'MBHRLAND. ROBT. JAFFRAV. i\L McLAUCJMLIN. I). W. AI^KXANDFR. JOHN L DAXIDSON. A. vvurrF. s. R. R. \V ..;i SiAUKTAKv : FDGAR A. "^ '> or TRADE SOUVENIR NUMBER. 3()ARD OF^ TRADE. VRERS FOR THE YeAR 1893 Pui'SioENT : [X R. VVII.KIK Trkasikkk : J. I.. SPINK. 2M) \'|(.i:-1'ki;sii)i;m : S. I-". Ah KINNOX. lAV. LI\. XNDKR. IDSON. BOARU ()h^ ARHITRATION : S. CRANK. R. C. .STKKI.Ii:. R. j. STARK. W. GAI.HRAITH. J. KARKS. j. I). LAIDLAW. M. F. BROWN. j. II. G. HAGART\'. THOS. FLYNN. J. H. SPROULE. CHAS. PFARSON. R. S. BAIRD. {KTAuv : FDGAR A. VVll.i.S, J. P. BOARD OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUM TORONTO BOARD C Office Bearers for the 1ST. \iii:-I'kesiim;nt: S. CALDI-X'OTT. Presiokm : HUGH BLAIN. Tki:.\.sihi:k : J. L. SPINK. F). \V. ,\I,i;\.\\I)KR. H. N. n.AIRI). WM. CHRISTIi;. C. COeKSHL'TT. lOllX DOXOC.H. COUXCII. : ill OS. DlNNliT. \V. Ci. CiOOD!:RHA.M. J. HKRHKRT MASON. VV. n. MATTHK^VS. M. MiLAl'CJHLIN. J. SHORT McMASTER. KLIAS ROGKRS. K. SAMUKL. A M. SMITH. D. R. W ILKIK. R. S. HAIRD, s. i:. brigg; GEO. A. CH.J K. H. CUMHI SiXKKTAKV : 'E SOUVENIR NUMBER. i6y ^RD OK TRADK. .^x. FOR THE Year 1894 : HUGH BLAIN. r: J. L. SPINK. 2Nn Vice-President: H. V,. OSLIvR. KOAHD OK AHl^rrRATlON R. S. B.'URD. S. K. HRIGGS. GHO. A. CHAPMAN. K. H. CUMRKRLAND. THOS. I'LVNN. \V. GALBRAITH. j. H. G. HAG ARTY. XOK!. MARSHALL. ROHKRT McLKAN. R. J. STARK. J. I,. SPINK. J. H. SPROULK. KDGAR A. WILLS, j. P. ^S 270 BOARD OF TRADE SOUVE. LIST OF MEMBERS OF THE TOR A. Abbs, Edward Abell, John Adams, William Adamson, Edward Adamson, Joseph Agar, Chas. J. Aikins, J, Aird, John Alexander, Geo. T. Alexander, John Allen, J. B. Ames, Alfred E. Anderson, A. C. Anderson, Geo. Anderson, T. O. Angus, Wm. M Ansley, A. Ardagh, Arthur Armstrong, Henry D. P. Armstrong, Robert Arnold], Frank B. Backus, F. F. Badenach, W. Baillie, James E. Baillie, John Bailey, J. R. Baines, C. C. Baines, W. Jas. Baird, Geo. Hugh Baird, H. N. Baird, Henry N. Baird, R. S. Band, C. W. Barber, Henry W. Barclay, David S. Barr, Frank F. Barr. M. D. Bartun, Robert A. Bay ley, W. B. Beardmore, G. W. Beardmore, W. D. Beatty, J. Gilbert, F.C.A. Beatty, Robert Bell, T. Bell. Wm. Benjamin, Alf. D. Bethune, Geo. S. C. Bethune, R. H. Biackstock, T. G. Blaikie, J. L. Blain, David, LL.D. Hoeckli, Chas Boeckh, Emil. Boiinick, Joseph Boomer, H. C. Boon, Chas. S. Booth, G. W. Booth, W. Bosworth, G. M. Botsford, Chas. S. Bowes, Wm, Boyd, Alex. Boyd, Alfred Brandon Jas. Brazill, F. P. Brick, Benj. Briggs, S. E. Briggs, Rev. Wm., D.D. Brodie, J. L. Brough, C. Brown, A. J. Brown, Alexander Brown, F. D. Brown, James Brown, John Brown, iM. F. Brown, Richard Brown, Wm. Brush, S. B. Bryce, Wm. Buchanan, J. O. Burgess, Ralph K. Burns, James Burroughcs, W. J. Burton, P. H. Butler, E. W. D. C. Caldecott, S. Campbell, Archibald Campbell, A. Campbell, A, H. Campbell, Wm. B. Candee, Chas. N. Carolan, James Carrick, A. W. Carrick, John Carrie, Robt. Carroll, Roht. Cars well, Robert Carter, Edward T. Case, Geo. A. Calto, J Cavanagh, A. Chapman, Alfred Chapman, G. o. A. Cherry, Earl Chisholm, J. Christie, Alex. R. Christie, R. J. Christie, W. Clancey, John Clark, J." Clark, P. M. Clark, T. J. Clarkson, E. R. C, F.C.A. Cleghorn, T. H. Cluthe, Chas. Coady, Richard T. Coffee, John L. Cook, H. H. Cooke, W. Cooper, D. D. E. Cole, F. F. Copp, John C. Copp, W. W. Cosgrove, L. J. Cotts, J. Coulson, D. Coulter, Thomas Cowan, J. W. Cox, A. Cox, Ed. Wm. Cox, Fred. G. Craig, Edward F. Craig, Walter J. Crane, S. Crane, Thos. A. Crangle, S. Crean, Robt. H. Crocker, Sydney Croft, Wm., Jr. Crombie, A. T. Cross, W. H., F.C.A. Cross, E. Cumberland, F. B. OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUMBER. F THE TORONTO BOARD OF TRADE. rt 1 T. A. R. C, F.C.A. T. C.A. D. Dalby, Geo. E. Daniels, D. Darling, Andrew Darling-, Robert Davidson, John I. Davies, Joseph J. Davies, Mor<;an Davies, Robt. Davies, Thomas Dawson, H. W. DeLaporte, A. V. Dick, John Dineen, Wm. Dinnick, C. R. S. Dinnis, A. Dinnis, Richard Dixon, H. C. Dixon, Wm. Doherty, C. B. Donald, R. Donald, R. A. Donnelly, M. Drynan, John Duncan, Clark S. C. Dundas, James Dundas, J. R. Dunnet, Thos. Dunstan, George Duthie, J. H. Dwan, M. Dwight, H. P. E. Eager, J. B. Eaton, Timothy Earl, T. R. Earls, John EastniLire, A. L. Eckhardt, H. P. Eddis, Henry Wm., F.C.A. Edmondson, T. M. Edwards, C. H. Elliott, R. W. Ellis. D. O. Elhs, J. E. Ellis, J. F. ^ Ellis, M. C. Ellis, P. W. Ellis, R. Y. Ellis, R. B. Evans, H. W. Everett, H. A. "^ P. ' Faircloth, J. M. Farquhar, C. Farquhar, E. Farquhar, George Farr, James E. Firstbrook, Jas. Firstbrook, John Firstbrook, Joseph Firstbrook, Wm. A. Fisher, Robt. C. Fisher, W. D. Fisken, J. K. Flanagan, C. Flavelle, J. W. P'leming, Robt. Fletcher, John Flynn, Thomas Follett, Joseph J. Forbes, W. Frankland, G. F. French, John M. Freeland. Wm. Frind, Paul. Fudger, Harris H. G. Gale, J. W. Gale, J. W., Jr. Galbraith, Wm. Gall, Geo. Gamble, R. D. Geddes, VV. A. Gianelli, Angelo M. F. Gibson, Ralph E. Godson, A. W. Goodhall, James Goode, C. Gooderham, Alfred Gooderham, Albert E. Gooderham, Robt. T. Gordon, Colin. F. Gorman, David Gormley, James Gosnell, Wm. Grasett, A . W. Gray, R H. Gray, R. M. Greey, John G. Grindlay, Wm. Grinnell, Thomas Gunn, Donald Gunther, Egmund Gunther, Reinhold Gzovvski, C. S., Jr. H. Hagarty, J. H. G. Hagerman, A. E. Hall, Capt. W. Hallam, John Hamilton, George Hamilton, Chester B. Hamilton, W. B. Hardy, Geo Hargrave, J. H Harman, S. Bruce Hart, S. R Hastings, Geo. H. Hawke, W. Haworth, Geo. F. Hay, Edward Hay, John D. Hay, Robert Heath, Fred W. Heath, Stuart He'iden, E F. Hedley, James Heintzman, Geo. C. Heintzman, H Heint/man, Theodore .A. Hemming, H. K. S. Henderson, Jos. Hewlett, Jas. Higman, J. J. Hill, Wm. J. Hogg, Janus W. Holland, C. Hollinrake, H.J. Hoover, J. H. Hoskin, John Howland, H. S. Howland, Peleg. Hughes. B. B. BOARD OF TRADE SOUVExYIR NUA Hiig'hes, P. Humphrey, F. VV. Hunt, Roht. M. Hunter, Chas. A. Hunter. Daniel Hunter. Pavid Hutchins. \Vm. W. I. I nee. W. Ince, W.. |r. I nee, James luijlis, John Irving', T. C Ivey, John I"). laeohi. Ph. JatTray, R. James, Silas Jamieson, P. Janes, S. H. Jardine, Alex. Jarvis, H. St. John Jenkins, Robt. Jennings, James Jennings, \Vm. T. Johnson, W. F. Johnston, \Vm. R. Jones, A. F. Ji>nfcs, J. B. [ones, \Vm. Jones. \V. R. Jones. Lyman M. K. Kanad\'. S. C Keith. J. Kemp. J. C Kerr, \Vm. Kieiv, Geo. \V. Kiely. \V T. Kieran, \Vm. P. Kilgour, Joseph Kini(, Charles Kinnear, Thomas Kiiees, Charles Ki -.vlton, \V. H. Kyle, Charles, F. I.aidlaw, J. D. Laidlaw, Robl. Lander, J no. C Langley, Henry Lawrie, W. S. H. Leach, Hugh Leak, VV. Lee, A. Burdett Lee, Sydney IL Lee, Thomas H. Lee, Frank P. Lee, Walter S. Lennox, F. J. Leonard, Jas. W. Leslie, J. K. Lewis, Geo. W. Lillie, G. W. Little, Joseph Livingstone, John Lobb, A. F. Lobb, James Lockhart, James Long, W. F. Long, Thos. Love, Jas. L. Love, Robt. W. Lucas, H. Lucas, J. Lugsdin, Geo. Lugsdin, Jas. Lugsdin, John Lye, Henry Lytle, Thomas A. Macdonald, John Macdougall, Geo. T. Mackay, \Vm. Mackenzie, C. Mackintosh, F. P. .Mac Lean, J. B. MacLean, Wm. Mallon, John .Malonev, John .Manning, .\lex. .Mara, H. S. .Marriott, Chas. .Marshall, N'oel Marshall, T. Marter, G. F., M.P.P. .Martin, J no. M., F.C.A. Mason, James Masc.i, J. Herbert Massey, C. D. Massey, H. .\. Matthews, J. T. .Matthews, W. C. NLiv, Samuel Medland, VV. A. Meredith, Arthur Milburn, Thomas Miller, Daniel Millichamp, Wallace Milligan, Wm. M. Mitchell, W. A. Moir, George Moore, Hugh Morgan, Captain James Morison, J. Morton, John .\. M ounce, T. Munro, Husrh Musson, Geo. Murray, Jas. Myles,' Robt. Mc. McAdam, S. Mc Arthur, A. Mc.Arthur, W. J. McHean, Fred. J. McBean, Geo. McBean, John McCabe, Wm., L. L. H., F. I A. McCausland, T. McClain, Robt. McColl, A. B. McColl, J. B. McConkey, Geo. S. McConneil, N. McConnell, T. McCormack, R. L. McCraken, T. McCuaig, J. McFarlane, Walter MGann'J.B. McGee, Jas. C. McGill, G. W. McGill, |ohn McGill, W. McCiaw, Thomas Mcintosh, A. Mcintosh, Jas. Mcintosh, Peter Mcintosh, W. D. McKay, E. B. McKav, J. B. McKav, Wm. J. McKay, G. P. McKeggie, J. C. McKillop, D. McKiltrick, J. J. McLachlan, A. W. McLauchlin, Thomas McLean. D. McLean, Robt. • McMahon, John McMaster, W. J. McMichael, Alex. McMurrick, Geoi McWilliam, Geo, Murray, J. A. N. Nairn, Alex. Neilson, Hugh Nelles, R. L. Nelson, C. H. Nelson, H. VV. Nesbit, Wallace Nicholls, Frederi Niven, M. Niven, J. K. Northcote, Regin O. O'Keefe, F. O'Leary, Jas. Osbourne, James P. Pardee, .Avern Park, James Park, W. W\ Parker, Robt. Parsons, Chas. Pattison, .A. J. Pearson, Arthur Pearson, W. H. Peer, J. N. Pellatt, Henry Perram, VV. H. Perrv, Alfred D. Phill'ips, VV. C. Pirn, Geo. Pingle, Homer Piper, E. S. Pipon, C. Plummer, J. H. Poison, F. B. Port, D. VV. Poucher, John Pringle, John Pringle, VV. J. Pratt, F. Powell, Frank Quigley, R.J. Ramsay, Robt. I Ramsay, J. l'"red Ramsay, J. G. Reed, John DE SOUVENIR NUMBER. 271 McMurrick, George McWilliam, Geo. Murray, J. A. N. Nairn, Alex. Neilson, Hugh Nelles, R. L. Nelson, C. H. Nelson, H. W. Nesbit, Wallace Nicholls, Frederick Niven, M. Niven, J. K. Northcotc, Reginald O. O'Keefe, \i. O'Leary, Jas. Osbourne, James Kerr Pardoe, .Avern Park, James Park, W. W. Parker, Robt. Parsons, Chas. Pattison, .A. J. Pearson, Arthur Pearson, W. H. Peer, J.N. Pellatt, Henrv Perram, W. H. Perrv, Alfred D. PhiU'ips, VV. C. Pirn, Geo. Pingle, Homer Piper, R. S. Pipon, C. Plummer, J. H. Poison, F. B. I'ort, D. VV. Poucher, John Pringle, John Pringle, \V. J. Pratt, F. Powell, Frank Quigley, R.J. Ramsay, Robt. H. Ramsay, J. I'Ved. K. Ramsay, J. G. Reed, John Reed, Jos. 13. Reid, C. Reid, John V. Ronnie, Robt. Riddell, Wm. R. Ridout, Geo. Robertson, J. Ross Robertson, T. Robinson, C. Blackelt Robinson, Herbert Rogers, Alfred S. Rogers, Samuel Roulston. T. Roper, Fred. Rose, D. Rose, D. A. Rose, G. M. Rosebrugh, M. M. Russell, G. S. Russill, Jno. T. Rutherford, .Andrew- Ryan, Hugh Ryan, Peter Ryan, William S.. Samuel, F'. Scheur, I . Schmidt, Charles Score, R. J. Scott, A. .A. Scott, Hugh Scott, James Segsworth, John Shannon, A. Sharp, Geo. Shaw, Geo. A., Lieut. -Col. Shaw, Hedley Shenstone, J.N. Sheppard, F. E. Simpson, E. .A. Simpson, Jos. Simpson, R. M. Simpson, Robt. Simpson, Wm. Skinner, Robt. B. Sloane. W. P. Smallpiece, Wm. R. Small, John Smith, A. M. Smith, Alfred W. Smith, C. ). Smith, G.B., M. P. P. Smith, Prof. Goldwin Smith, Jas. H. Smith, Jesse C. Smith, Jos. . Smith, |. C. Smith, W. H. Snarr, Robt. Somerville, A. J. Spence, Hugh Spence, R. W. Spilling, John S. Spink, Fenwick P. Spink, J. L. Spink, Wm. Sproule, John H. Stanway, (Jeo. Stark, Chas. Stark, R. James Stark, W. M. Steeley, R. C. Steward, F"red. J. Stone, Wm. Strachan, John Strathy, H. C. Stratton, W. C. Strowger, Walter A. Sutherland J. N. Swan, Robt. Sylvester, S. T. Tait, Joseph Tasker. W. F. Taylor, Geo. C. Taylor, John Taylor, Maurice J. Taylor, W. D. Telfer, A. Tennant, Jas. Tennant, W. S. Tcskey, W. R. Thayer, l*'. A. Thompson, A. I. Thompson, Boyce Thompson, Hy. L. rijmpson. Thos. Thompson, VV. A. Thomson, Daniel E. Thomson, Wm. Thorne, Horace Tilley, L. A. Todhunter, James Tomlinson. Jas. Tomlinson, R. H. Towner, Geo. Townsend Sherman E. Trees. Samuel Trew, T. E. P. U Urquhart, D. 272 BOARD OF TRADE SOUVKI Van Sommer, James Van Vlack, D. L. Vickers, J. J. Virtue, George W. Wadsworth, Wm. R. Waldie, John Walker, B. K. Walker, David Walinsley, Thos. Walsh, W. Warren, C. D. Warren, W. A. Warwick, G. F. Warwick, Geo. R. Watkins, jas. Watson, H. J. Watson, R. Watson, T. Watts, C. B. Weatherston, N. Wellington, W. E. Westcott, John West, Richard Wheeler, A. K. White, A. Whitehead, W. E. Whiteside, T. R Wicket Willian Willian Willian Willian Wilson, Wilson Wilson, Wilson, Winnet LIST OK non = kksie)e:> Aikins, W. A. Allan, Henry W. Atkinson, Arthur B. Baird, A. H. Ballantyne, Thos., M.P.P. Bazzard, Geo. Beardmore, Alfred O. Beck, Carl Berkinshaw, W. H. Bollert, K. R. Boswell, E. D. Both well, J no. M. Bowman, Allen Boyd, M. M. Breithaupt, Louis J. Buchan, Ewing Burton, James L. Caldwell, W. C. Carter, A. Chisholm, K. Clark, David Clarke, E). J. Clarke, John Clarke, James Clarke, L. H. Cockshutt, W. F. Collins, W. E. Cowdry, N. H. Curts, Joshua W. D. Davis, E. J. Daville, F. T. Denne, \ . Dobson, Hon. John Dollar, James Dracass, J. H. Dunn, P. T. E. Edmondson, E. S. Elliott, John Endacott, Henry Esson, John Fair, James Ferguson, Hon. J., M.D, Flavelle, W. Foster, A. Fowke, V . L. G. Galbraith, John (iibson, Y. Gilmour, David Goldie, David Goldie, James Goldie, Lincoln Gray, W. M. Graham, G. W. Green, Fred. L, Groves, Dr. Guy, F. A. H. Hamilton, James Hargraft, A. R. Harold, Samuel Harper, Geo. H. Harris, Joseph Hart, J. C. Hartney, W. P. Hay, John C. Hogg, Wm. T. Hewar, James Hillary, R. W. Hodd, James Hoover, P. R. Hunt, C. B. Hunt, John J. Hunt, H. B. Hutchins, W. H. I. Irwin, Jas. M. J. Joselin, Charles K. Kerns, W. Kieran, F. King, H. A. Kranz, Hugo Lake, John N. Lambert, E. W Lamber Lang, C Lindsay Livings! Lockhai Lockhai Lockhai Long, J Lundy, Lyle, Jc Maclpoc Mainvva Marks, Marlatt Martin, Martin, Malthex Miller, ' Millett, Milner, Mitchell Morrow Mulherr Myers, McBain McBear McBrid. McFall, McFarh McKeo\ McLauc OF TRADE SOUVENIR NUMBER. K. E. Wickett, S. R. Williams, 1). Williams, R. S. Williamson, H. W. Williamson, T. G. Wilson, Robt. A. Wilson, S. Frank Wilson, W. A. Wilson, Wm. Winnett, H. Withrow, J. J. Wood, Geo. \V. Woods, J. W. Woods, M. J. Woodbridgfe, T. Woodrow, H. Wootten, F. Wordon, W. Worthington, James Wragge, Edward Wright, John J. Wvatt, H. F. Wyld, F. Wvlie, James W'vlie, Robt. J. Y. Varker, G. W. Yeoman, T. H. Young, Jas, A. Young, John F. Sl^l^KSIDKNT IVIKNIBHRS. Lambert, R. G. Lang, Geo. C. H. Lindsay, J. Livingston, Jas. Lockhart, A. Lockhart, Allan J. Lockhart, W. T. Long, J. H. Lundy, Charles Lyle, John Maclpod, M. Mainwaring, R. A. Marks, Thomas Marlatt, C. G. Martin, G. V. Martin, Thomas Matthews, Geo. Miller, Thos. Millett, James E. Milner, W. E. Mitchell, J. T. Morrow, John Mulhern, H. A. Myers, Thomas Mc. McBain, J. J. McBean, A. G. McKride, Isaac McFall, A. McFarland, W. J. McKeown, Edward McLauchlan, James Noble, R. N. O. Gates, W. H. Orr, W. A. P. Patterson, Thomas Pattinson, Geo. Pattison, William Pearen, John E. Peplow, E. Play fair, James Preston, George Power, Richard Quigley, Edwin R. Reaman, John Riky, R. A. Robson, James Robson, M. Ross, ,A. Ross, W. Roimtre, Geo. Routh, Percy G. Ryan, Ci. B. Ryan, M. S. Sadlet, Thomas Seagram, Joseph E Shephard, Samuel Shirk, Peter Slater, James Snider, E. W. B., M.P.P. Snider, W. Staebler, J. M. Stevenson, James Stickland, James Stratford, Joseph Stroud, H. Tait, Jas. D. Taylor, H. B. Tench, W. E. Thomson, Robt. Thomson, Walter Thwaite, M. Todd, Martin N. Todd, Thomas Turner, Richard W. Wallace, J. W. Wallace, W. S. Webster, J. D. Western, M. Wlieelihan, D. Whitlaw, C. Whitlavv, J. M. Williamson, W. S Wilson, M. S. Wilson, C. C. L. Wolverton, A. A. Alexander, [). \\' Allan, A. A. B. Beatty, W. H. Bertram. (Jeo. H Kickdl, \V. ). Black ley, \Vm, Blain, Hujr), Bolte, Auguste Brock, VV. R. Burns, P. c. Campbell, Paul Carriithers, James <-;itto, diaries (. Christie, William Cockslnitt, Charles Clarke, A. R. Cooper, lames SO^J^n Ojr TRADE SOUl'KNJ LIST OR i^jp^ Cox, (Jeorj^e A. Crowther, \V. C. narlmtr, Henry W JJonojri,, j^,i,„ Drynan, John E. ''-by, Joseph F. Klliot, William Scott I^^'ett, John Foster. T. CJ. Follett, ]. ],' G. Gaze, W. J. (Jooclerham, Geora-g Gooderham, GeorL^e H Cooderham, ^Vm G Gouldinj,^, William Cnirney, E. H. Jj='"y, John Harvev, W. C Henderson, John- '•■^•'"ir, A. s. J. Jenning-s, B. T. K. '"^^'y, J. Hrvce Iveith, George Kemp, A. E. Kennedy, Warring Kenny, /. (. Kilg-our," R. King-, J. . Knox, Jo Lang. J. 1 '-eadlay, j '-eckie, jo 'ee, A. H. I'Oundes. Macdonald Mackay, D Magann, CJ Massey, W Matthews, Michic, J. I Miller, Johr Millichamp, Moore, S. J Morrison, J; Morrison, J, i8 fmmnmmi«f>vmmi G. Knox. I. n .lohn '"■*"«•. J. VV. I-eacllay, IC. Reekie,' /ohn '-ec, A. H. '-owntles, H. M. Macdonald, R Mackay, D. Magann, G. P. Massey, W. H. H Matthews, W I) ' Michic, /. F. Miller. JohnR. Millichamp, R ^oore, S. J. Morrison. James Morrison, |. f^. Muldrew, jolin •^icKeiizie, \V. McKinnon, /. H. McKiiinon. "s. F McLaughlin, M ' McAIaster, |. s McNaught."vv. K. N ^'asmith, J. D Nicholls, Frederic O. Oliver, Joseph Os'er, K. B. Paterson, R. L. Pearson, Charles Pellatt, H. M. Pender, I). A. Phillips. F. J. ''I'k'sley, John R. Kogers. Flias ^^On, Huir|, -'^lark, John i>loan John V. Van Norman. C. C Vanstone, ). c". W. Walker, F. H VValmsley. Thomas Warren. H. j) West, Thomas' ^V'ilkie, D. R. bright. Joseph 27i INDEX TO CON PUHl'ACK : — Toronto. An Historical SUctch (Ry j. C. Hopkins) Pakt I : — The Site of Little Vori< John CJraves Siincoe Tiie War of i8ij Brave men of York Tlie Capture of \'ork Progress of York William Lyon Mackenzie The dawn of Trouble Mr. Justice Willis Hif>[her education P.\i{T 11 : — Youthful Toronto. The birth of a threat city The m; rch of improvement Sir Krai'cis Bond Head The Relellion of '37 The educatii>nal system Return of Wm. Lyon Mackenzie Rebellion Losses Bill Toronto's Railways Hard Times A Political Disturbance \'isit of the Prince of Wales The NLison Slidell Incident Confederation The l'"enian Raid Municipal changes. . Pak: III: Metropolitan Toronto. Cv-'nfedoration and its ettects !'Vcaih of Bishop Sirachan \'isii M' IVincc .Arthur The Red River Campaip^n Lord HufTerin Toronto's (irowth Canada I'irst Party Industrial lixhibition Association Conservative Victory Death ol' Cieorjj^e Brown Kdward Hanlan Death of Chief Justice Moss . . • Toronto's population The Boom Period The Railway System / '9 27 33 35 37 4' 43 47 49 50 50 53 54 57 59 61 62 63 65 65 67 67 69 71 73 75 75 76 77 77 79 79 81 The Klections of 1HS2 .Attempted Railway Lejcislation Death of Hon. John McMurrich h'arewell visit of the I'rincess Louise The Centennial X'isil of Lord Lansdowne The Press of Toronto The Conspiracy Case Honoring Sir Oliver Mowat Banquetii)}^- Sir John Macdonald. . . . Riel's Last Rebellion C'entral Prison Investigation Mayor Howland Musical l""estival Death oi' V. C. Capreol The Oueen's Jubilee Mr. Chamberlain's \'isit Lord Lansdowne's Farewell \'isit ... Deatii of Archbisiiop Lynch Trouble with the States Death of Hon. James Patton Board of Trade Banquet Sir John Macdonald opens the Exhib .A great Jubilee Burning of Toronto University Connaught in Toronto Provincial I'^lection Principal Cirant and Annexation .... Sir John Macdonald's last visit Death of the Premier The new CMty Hall and Court House Death of Hon. Alex. Mackenzie Centennial of Free Government .... Toronto's Civic Progress HisTOKiiAi. Illustrations : — Toronto Harbour in 1793 Toronto in 1803 York Harbour in 181 5. Ceneral John Graves Simcoe Toronto Harbour in 1S20 General view of Toronto in 1834. . . . Cieneral Brock's Monument A Toronto Wharf in 1840 New Provincial Parliament liuilding Old Parliament Buildings in 1832. . Fish Market, Toronto, in 1840 View of Toronto in 1830 TO CONTKNTS. of 1SH2 ;iil\vay Lejfislation I. John McMuirich of the Princess Louise. Si Si «7 Lansdowne Toronto c_v t'ase Oliver Mowat . . . . ir Joliii Macdonald . 'bullion 11 Investigation . . . . md 1 vai .". Capreol. . Jubilee . . . . Iain's Visit vne's Farewell \'isit ibishop Lynch the States n. James Fatton .le Banquet donald opens the Kxhibition. / Si, Sc, <)i 0' 1)1 ^»3 ^)7 ')7 1)9 09 f){) 01 01 o 1 10 ... 1 1 . . . . I ;e 1 oronto L'niversity 1 Toronto i jclion ' nt and Annexation 1 donald's last visit 1 Fremier i Hall and Court House 1 1. Alex. Mackenzie 1 Free Government 1 'ic Progress i iXRATIONS : — 3 03 03 05 05 07 07 07 09 10 10 I I I I I ; 30ur m 1793 4 ^3 6 r in I Si 5 8 Graves Simcoe 9 hour in 1S20 10 of Toronto in 1834 12 k's Monument 14 'harf in 1S40 15 ial Parliament Ikiildings 16 nt Huildings in i S3 2 17 Toronto, in 1840 18 into in 1S30 19 William I -yon NLicken/ie Right Hon. Henry Dundas Sir George Vonge Toronto City Hall Old I'arliament Huilding.s in 1893 Sir John Bevjrley Robinson, Fart Site of the Old l-ort, 'Toronto Old Blockhouse, \ork, in 181 3 King street east in 1S34 New Cpper Canada College Buildings L'pper Canada College Buildings in 1830 L'niversit) of 'Trinity College Osgoo-le Hall View in Rosedale Lakeside Home for Children 'Toronto Cniversily 'The late Sir Daniel Wilson Old WyclilVe College 'Toronto Jail Hon. William Osgoode L'nion Station in 1S93 Bond street, looking north Queen street west, looking east .\ 'Toronto Residence Corner Yonge and I'ront streets College of Physicians and Surgeons Wellington street, looking west \'onge and T'ront sti^eets \'iew from Royal Canadian \'acht ('lub House. Main luitrance to Parliament Buildings N'onge street .... Pavilion, Horticultural Gardens Toronto street Toronto N'acht Club Fleet Looking south iVom Queen's Park College Avenue .A Royal Souvenir Sir Casimir G/owski's Monument Queen's Avenue, looking north View of Toronto Island Toronto Clubs Toronto Club Ciovernment House, Toronto King street, near Yonge Front street, looking west . ... Spadina Ave., showing Knox College Corner Church and .Adelaide streets Bridge over Ravine, Rosedale ... 20 J I 21 2 > ^3 -'4 2b •^7 28 30 34 3»> 3'» 40 4-' 43 44 4" 48 3" 5- .S4 82 50 5« bo 64 t)6 ()S 7" 7' 7-' 74 7*^ 77 78 80 -«3 «4 86 88 qo 9-: 94 95 \ «p Inlaiul Rcvemio RiiilJiiij^ KiiiKT street near York. . , . . . . , Nonjfe street above llerran! Hislu>p Strachaii y M. C". A. Hiiiklin^r ..'.." McMastor Mall Sir lolin .NFacJonakl's Monumeni 1 he nkl Aineritaii Hotel Till' okl Corn l-lxelianjce riK- Mercer Retorinator\ . Hi>AKi) oi 'I'k.mjk : History of. a.ul clesaiptio., ot the new Huildint ll.l.lSTKAnoNs OI MOAKI) llie new Hiiildinj4- Kirst Presick-nt of the Hoard of Trade Ihe okl Covn Ivxchanj^e C'oiineil Chamber. ... c)8 lOO 104 '05 106 108 113 267 I I ■■ 1 1^ I II) "7 II K t'onimittee Uooni Thomas Clarkson. . . .......... Ilie Rotunda, new Hiiildinj,>- Recording' Hoards of Hritish Plate '( Kecordnifr Hoards of Hriti.sh I'jale ( Ofhcers and C'oiincii for i«.,i-iH().j. Otlicer.s and founcii lor i.Sqj-iHcj^ Ollicer.s and Council for iHy^-iStu' ' W>n^re .street l^nt ranee to New Huil. I avilion as it appeared at annual di l''OK\\.\l<|)|.\i; : Historical sketch Steam navi^'ation on the lake Protection of Toronto Harbor The Railway i-^a Canadian Pacific Tranic lOKONTO .AS .V i-I.VAMl.AI. Ck.NTNI Historical sketch I.ist of lianks, etc «p KoDin iirUsiin ' '9 a, new l- '^° ioardsoCHritish I'latc'ciass ! ! !^! boards olHritish I'lalo Cilass ,a. Council for iH()i-iH()i , f t'ouncil tor i8i)j-iH(j^ ,. Council for iHy.^iSi^. ....'. [Z^ I luitrance to New HiiiKlin.,'-. . ! ' ' ,28 t appeared at annual dinner, i.S(,... , ,« """id &'co: (Illustration):: " ■ Zl S ore ot Mc.\ aster .-t Co. (Illustration).. . . "t I he drocery Trade ^"° Miscellaneo'us Industries ::::::: "J ncil of lioard of Trade for 1892-93 , . ^j'y of Members of the Board J^l^:.:::::: ' ' ' ^.o-S of Non-Resident Members ' ^^ o( Life .Members ^72 273 BIOORAPHICAL A. Abell, Jolin 176 Aciamson, lulwarJ, 222 Aikiiis, A. VV 250 Aikins, j,.!nes 258 Allan, Alex. A . 242 Allen, Joseph H 246 Alexander, I)a\itl Watson. 174 Ames, All'red Ivrnest 152 Anderson, Adam C 237 .Anderson, Thomas 204 Ansley, Alfred 174 Ardag^h, .\rthur 256 Armstrtini^, Henry I). P.. . 160 Atkinson, Arthur 224 B. Paines, VV^m. J . 163 Baird, And. H 226 Baird, Hui,-h N 218 I^aird, Robert S 151 Barber, Thos. VVm 263 Barr, Frank F 186 Bell, Thomas 264 Bethune, Robert H 153 Boeckh, Chas 193 Boeckh, l-jiiii 193 Bollert, Ernest R 20Q Booth. Geo. W 244 Booth, William 192 Bosworth, Cieo. Morris. . . . 140 Boyd, Alex 210 Breitl^aupt, I.ouis | 186 Brock. W. R. . . . .' 207 Brodie, John L 153 Broiigh, Constanline 163 Brown, ..lex 217 Brown, Alex. J 264 Brown, James 218 Brown, JoJin 217 Brown, R'chard 174 Brush, Setley B 188 Burns, Janus 264 Burton, .\ IJ 200 Burroug^hes, \^^ | 251 Butler, H.r.. t W'. I) 16? Bryce, Wm 241 C. Caldecott, S 200 Campbell, .Arch., M.P 220 Campbell, Arch. H 192 Campbell, Paul 203 Cairick, .And. W 177 Carrie, Robert 249 Carswell, Robt 240 Carter, Alex 218 Catto, John 211 Chapman, .AHVed 13b Chapman, Geo. .A ^ii Cherry, Karl 263 Chisholm. John 262 Christie, .Alex. R . . 252 Christie, Wm 184 Christie, Wm 215 Christie, Robt. J 184 Clancy, John 260 Clark, James 225 Clarkson. li. R. C 150 Cluthe, Chas 188 Coady, Rich T 149 Cockshutt, W. ]■" 242 Cook, II. H.. .M.P 252 Cooke, Wm i()3 Copp, John Chas 193 Colts, John J58 Coulter, 'Ihonias 263 Cowan, John W 192 Cox, Fred. Geo 153 Cox, Ceo. A 140 Crean, Robt 193 Crang'le, Capt. S 2(15 Crocker, Sydney C. R i _S4 Cross, Robert 239 Cross, W. Henry i5() Cumberland, !•". B 136 Curts, Joshua W 233 D. Daiby, Geo. Kagle 259 Daniels, Dennis 263 Darling, Andrew 201 Darling, Robt 249 Davidson, John 1 231 Davies, Morgan 2()6 Da vies, Thomas Davis, Flihu J., M.P.P, Dawson, H. VV Denne, X'incent I")ick, John Dinneen, Wm Dinnis, .Arthur Dinnis, Richard Dixon, Rev. H. C Dixon, Wm Donogh, John O ..... . Donald, Rich Donald, R. A Donnelly, .Michael Drynan, John Dundas, James Dundas, Joseph R . . Dunnelt, Thos Dunstan, Geo Dulhie, James H Dwaii, Michael Dwight. H. 1' E. Kager, John ',» Earls, joh.i Rt^y. J- K Eckhart, H. P t^dwards, Chas. H I'^dmondson, \\. S Edmondson, Thos. M. . lilliott, |ohn Ellis, David O Ellis, M. C Ellis, P. W Ellis, Robert B Ellis, R V F. Farquhar, Chas Farquhar, Ewart Farquhar, Geo Farr, James F Flanagan, Cornelius... l""lavelle, |ohn Dundas. Flavelle, Wm. M Follelt, Joseph J .PHICAL INDKX. .ies, Thomas 185 ns. l-:iihu J., M.IMV . . . 183 ivson, H. VV 235 ine, X'incent 224 k, J oil 11 iq2 inet'ii, Win 241 mis, Artliiir 254 mis, Riciiard 254 ;oii, Rev. H. C 175 :on, VVni 195 no>rli, John O. . . 253 naltl, Rich 232 nalJ. R. A 2^2 nnelly, Miciiaoi 251 iiiaii, Jolin 205 lula ., (ami's 160 ntlas, josepii R 235 iiiK'tt, i'lios 24S iistai). (ieo 151 ihif, James II 138 an. Michael 2(12 iRhl. H. 1' 133 F.. ^er, John ',i 166 ■1^. ji"''-'! 139 K. J- 1'" -'34 vhurt, H. P 231 wards, Chas. H 235 inondson, V.. S 22^ inondson, Thos. M 15 + iott, John 155 is, David O 221 is. M- C 177 is, F. W .77 is, Robert H 2(55 is, R V 177 F. rquhar, Chas 255 rqnliar, I', wart 255 rL|uhar, Geo 255 rr, James V. 213 magan, Cornelius 230 ivelie, John Dundas.... 219 iveile, \Vm. M 233 llelt, Joseph J 264 Kowke, I"Ved. L 2T,Ti I'VanUland, Garrett V 230 I'Vench, |ohn M 189 Frind, P'ul 183 G. (.iaibraiili, W 210 Gall, Geo 232 G.. ible, R. I) 164 Cieddos, W'm. A 139 Gianelli, A. M. F 247 Gordon, Colin F 26(1 (iormley, Jas 133 Go- noli, VVm 233 Gray, Robt. M 131 Ciraseti, Arthur W . 201 Cireen, Fred. L 222 Grim, ■!!, Thos 2(11 Groves, Dr. A 221 Ciunther, l^t^immd 238 Ciunllier, R 238 Gurnoy, I'Alward 190 H. Haj^arty. J. II. G 2(13 Hai^erman, .\. F 138 Haily, John iHi Hamihon, (ieo . 218 Hamilton, James 223 Harman, S. I^ruco lOi Haslini^s, Cieo. II it^i Hauke, Widmer 173 Haworth, Cieo. F*" 183 Hart, James C 220 Hart, Sam. R 239 Hay, Kdward 1 37 Hay, johii Dunloy 27,2 Hay, Robert 2j{2 Heath, Stuart i',S Hedley, James .A 136 Heint/maii, Cieo. Chas ... . ir i Heintzman, Herman ku Heintzman, Tlieo .'. 191 Hemming, H. F<. S 187 Henderson, John 189 Hewlett, James 150 Hoover, & Jackson 163 Humphrey, l'\ W 234 Hunter, Daniel 180 Hunter, David 137 I. I nee, James 230 luce, Wm.. Jr 230 I nee, W'm., Sr 230 lvt>\ , [ohn D 207 Irish, ".Mark Hull 161 Irvintc, .And. S 243 J JalVray, Robt it)4 James, Silas 1 33 Jamieson, Phillip 243 Janes, S. H 139 Jardine, .Alex 180 Jenkins, Robt ib6 Jennings, Wm. T 140 Ji'lnistiMi, Wm. •'" 2bii Jones, John H 141 Jones, Lynian M 173 Jones, Wn, 237 Jones, W'm. R 1*13 K. Kanady, Samuel C 233 Kay, John Hryce 2b6 Kei.ip, .Albert I*! 104. Keith, Cieorj^e 246 KvM ledy, Wrrrint; 210 Kenny, |ames J 1(14 Kilgour, Robert 17(1 Kint;% L'haries . 183 Kinnear, Thomas 231 Kness, Charles 182 Krantz, Hutfo itib L. Faidhiw, John D 223 Laidlaw, Robert 234 Fake, John Neilson 184 Lander, John C 2()() Lanj;, J. W 234 Fangley, Henry 241 1-each, Huf^h 131 Leckie, jolin ,^y l.cc, l*"rank P , -t, uc. w.s ,;-„ I.tMlllOX, E. ] /.^ I^eoiiarJ. |. W i -.- Leslie, )ohii K ->,- I.illie. Cieo. W . . 26; Little, Jo.se|ili 200 Lockart, Allan J. . 22*) Loni-', Thomas k,- Love, Robert W'ni 1 it, Lucas, I leniy 2:;- Liicas, lohn /-- Lui^sdiii, Cieorge i -^ Lye, Henry i -q L> tie, Tlios. Alex i,s^s M. NLictlonaki, James K 20:; .\Liccionaki, joiin K 2o\ MacdonakI, RanJolpli 2^h .Mackay, Donald 2o~ MacLean, j. B 2^1) MacLean, W'm i ^i, .NLii^ann, Cieo. P 2\,h Mailoii, joiin 242 Maloney, J. J 2*)^ .NLiniiiiii;-, Alex 14S Marter.tieo. K., .\LP.P 134 -Martin, John M 14(1 Marshall, Noel joi NLison, John H 1 -(, Massey. Chester I") |-j .NLissev, ILirt A 172 Massey, Walter Iv. H 174 NLitthews, W. Cassiiis 13(1 Matthews, Wilmol I) 217 .May, Sanuiei iSj .Medland i*<: Jones ido .Miehie, James V 24t) Milbiirn. Thomas 177 .Miller, Jiihn i^ iSS .^Iiller, Ihomas j i 1 Moore, Sanuiel J iHi .Morison, John 1(17 .Moance, Tlioinas j^ij .Murray, John Alex J03 Mc. McAdam, Samuel. -,-, McArthur, Alex " "-,, McArthur, \V. J /J,, McBain, John James 224 McBean, (;eorj4e 2'ih MeBean, John 2-h McCabe, William l^-j McCausland, Or 264 Mcfoll, Angus B ,87 McConnell, Thomas 160 .McConnell, Xeaven 2()o McC raken, Thomas i ^-' Mel-all, .Andrew 221 Mcl-"arland, W. J 220 Mcl-'arlane, Walter 2b^ McClann, John 1^0 -McCiaw , Thomas 248 MeCIill & Co., Wm 2(u Mclniosh, .And 258 McKay, Cieo. I' 137 McKay, J. B 213 .^k•Kay \- Co., W. J 215 .NkKci^i^ie, John C 222 .McKinnon, John H n^ •McKinnon, Sydney F 203 .Nk-Kiltrick, James iSi ^k•Laui^■hlin, Thorn.. is 220 ^k■Laui,rhlon, James 1 78 .McLean, Robert 132 .\k-.\lahon, John 243 .McMaster, J. Short.. joh .\k-.\kisier, Wm. John 2ot) Mc.Murlry, lames .\ 133 NkXaui^ht, W. K rtjo N. Nasmith, John I) (73 .\eilson, liuj^h 141 Nelles, R. L' i ;,,, N'iven, J. K i()3 Niven, .M 234 O. 0'Keek\ !■: 171, C^li\er, Jiiseph 23^ O'Leary, James Osbourne, James K. . . P. Pardoe, .Avern Park, Wm. Wallace.. Parker, Robt Paterson. R. L Paulson. Wm Pearson, .Arthur Pearson, Charles Pearson, Wm. H Peer, James N Pellatt, Henrv Pellatt, Henry M Pepknv, luiward Perram, W. H Phillips, Krank J Phillips, Wm. C Pirn, Cieo Pini^le, Homer Piper, Kd. S Pkimmer, James H.. . . Poison, Frank B Port, 1). VV Poucher, John R. Ramsav, John F Reid, Chiirles Reed, |oseph B Riches, Ashlev R Ridddl, Wm. R Ridout, Cieo Robertson, Thomas. . . Robinson, C. Blackett Rotters, .Albert S Roijers, I'^lias Roi^ers, Samuel Roulston, Thomas Roper, h'red Rose, Daniel Russell, J. Swan S. .'^cheuer, Lkimund Score. R. J -eaiy, James 262 Joiirne, James K 173 P. doe, Avorn j^y k, Win. Wallace 193 ker, Robt ih), orson. R. L 183 tison, Wm 206 rson, Artluir 154 rson, Charles 13H rson, Wm. H iHi r, James N 22^ att, Henry 14H att, Henry M 148 low, lulward 2ig ram, W. H 193 lips, Krank J iSc) lips, Wm. C 189 . ^'^o 164 ^le, Homer 1-58 M-, Kcl. S ,87 nmer, James H 149 ion, Frank B lyr . I). W 248 cher, John i_:;8 R. isay, Jolin !•' i :;h 1, Charles 20C) J, Joseph B 1(14 10s, Ashlov R lOb .h.-ll, Wm. R 247 nit, CJeo \L)2 ertson, 'rhoma>. 194 insoii, C. Hlackett . 240 ers, .Albert S 1 78 ers, I'^lias 2:^7 ers, Sarnuel 1 7S Iston. Thomas j()2 i-'r, l-'red 133 ?, Daniel 2^8 ■iell, J. Swan 244 S. iier, lulmund 2 58 ^. RJ ^43 Scot I, Adam A. 2^2 Seg-su'orth, John 237 Sharp, Geo 262 Shaw, (leo. A., l.t.-Col. 254 Shaw, Thomas 233 Shenstone, Jos. N 173 Sheppard, E. 1-: 239 Simpson, l'>nest A 17^ Simpson, Joseph 170 Simpson, Robert 204 Sirnpson, Rupert M 176 Skinner, Robt. Burns 246 Small, John if,. Smith, Alex. M 2-50 Smith, Geo. Byron, M.P. P. 204 Stnith, Joseph' ■21, Snider, K. W. B., M.P.R. 224 Somerville, And. J 179 Spence, R. W 200 Spink, Fenwick P ji- Spink, John L 217 Stark, Robert | 222 Stark, W. M .' 222 Strathy, Henr\ S 152 Stronger, W. Abbott.... 182 Sutherland, C'apl. J. H 135 S A an, Robert 222 Steele, R. C 247 T. Tail, Joseph 190 Tail, Thomas i ^7 Tasker, Wm. 1-' i8(d Pay lor, Cieo. C 180 Taylor, John 186 Taylor, Maurice J . . 182 Telfer, .Andrew 193 Tench, Wm. K 160 Tennant, James 2^1 Tennanl, W. S 251 Teskoy, Rufus Wm 261 Thompson, Boyce 209 Thompson, Thos. J. P. . . . 209 'I'hompson, Wm. .\ 245 Thornberry, H. S 187 Thorne, I lorace i 32 Tilley, Leonard A 223 Tomlimson, Joseph 179 Trent, E. w" 243 Thomson, Daniel E., Q.C.. 150 Thomson, Walter 221 Thomson, Wm 243 V. Van Sommer, James 216 \'anstone, Jabez Cyrus. ... .219 X'ickers, John J 14J W. Walker, J^ronl-: 147 Walker, David ^37 Wallace, Win. S. . . 139 Walsh, Wni 2()2 Watson, R. & T "^89 Watts, Chas. B . ^219 Weatherston. N i -^7 Webster, James D 248 Wellington, Wm. E 24^ White, Artluir 133 Whitlaw, C. OvJ. M 223 Whiteside, Thos. R 2.-8 Wickett, Sam. R . . 193 Wilkie, D. R ,47 Williamson, Thos. G ^44 Wills, l>:dgar A 127 Wilson, Robert A 176 Wilson, S. Frank 264 Wilson. Wm. .A 141 Wolverton. .Alonzo 223 Wood, Robt. A 244 Woods, James W 209 Woods, M. J ^30 Woodrow, Hcnr\- 260 Wragge, Edmund 141 Wright, Joseph ,349 Wyatt, Harry F 161 Wyld, Frederick 201 Wylie, James 249 Y. \'coman, Thos. H 180 Young, James .A u.q '^'oiing, John I" .235 ■ PI KRHATA History of ToroiUo, I'art II., page 42, Wycliffe Collciiv. '1 I'riiver.silv ot" Toronto for one of its departments. The new Wycl a fine huildini^- in Queen's Park. Toronto Club, page CS4. For " corner of Wmge and Wellingt and Wellington streets." Mark Mull Irisii. Since the biography o'i Mr. Irish was o\\ tin :rhata 2, Wycliffe Collej^o. Tliis building is now used by the nents. Tiie new Wycliffe College is on Hoskin avenue, of Wmge and Wellington streets," nv/^/ " corner of \ovk ol' Mr. Irish was ou the press, that gentleman lias died.