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 On Mondtjj 11th April, 1864, Oonenl Qtfibaldi wm welooiiMd 
 by the people into London. It wm moit emphatioally a poopj?! 
 
 r^«;r i^*"u '^T, ''•* """'' •" ewnestnew and Ko«)d<Hn m 
 i..5bbavo seldom been equalled, and probably never cxoellcd e^n in ont 
 
 «. < '?«"''''^"'on«.'»»toryofdfemoo»tration8in fiivour of diBtin«rui«hed 
 
 onhr befitting bwHorvieemn-tho cause of civil and roligiouH liberty 
 •nd the modesty and magnanimity of his oharaoter. ^ moment 
 tlusdisinterosted champion «f unshackled freedom sot his foot ort 
 thelandoftruehborty that moment, theje resounded in his ears 
 the hwrty w6^moy Aoasan*, %h^ nWvilew ifc u 1^^^^ 
 pureair^f British freedom. S'uch Xt% c^d o% bo 1S&3 
 to by one who could sharg in the feelings that inimatS the 
 warmhoarteofthe true and noble men of Southampton, and lh« 
 aobilit; and genttyof London. Quo nlenior rt gralr vox reper- 
 m*«tt t«/«m«oa< -Never did the ooras of Bymi»thy «H»ho^/ 
 more cordiaityyand oneness than on this ocSsion. The gwS 
 General felt that ho Was now in the anns of his true friendi^iSn 
 who were ready to breathe their hist for the MoompUidunent of those 
 Wcsflingsforwliioh-Ao himself has risked his life and endo,^ 
 much toil WdU indeed might Garibaldi unbosom his heart's dedw 
 
 ^A\f^^:- ^'I'^^isJiPt gave WpwMon to the feelings of his 
 wuUnd the sentiments of his breast, , in the sincerity of his heart, in 
 
 rw^'^J^ wi!""*u"*''''? every Briton proud of tfie name of bid 
 England. Who, then, is there amdngst us that does not wish to 
 >(»meacquamtedwjththehi8toTr^^ life of tWs noble hearted 
 Z A /'"^"^'f «''«*?'h '^H'." ««PPlied in the foflowing, b only 
 intended, partially to answer this purpose, toiefresh the m^ory with 
 
 the achievemonta of this hero in the caiise of civil and religious Ubertv ' 
 and to place within the rt!Ach of all a few particulars froT which may 
 be learned 8ometlj.ng of his labors hitherto, and value the important - 
 of the work that is yet before him, and which, doubtless, he wiU be 
 the honored WBtniment in the hands of Providence in aow Jplishing. 
 T .\'»« ^»*of G*nb«ldi wiU serve as a test of theeztentto whioli 
 Irish Roman Catholics have been emancipated from ecclesiastical 
 domination. On the broad principles 6f cml and teligiitus liberty 
 arotheypieparedtowelcomethehero'sooming? Present signs point 
 the other way, unhappily. Nat a single Boman CathoUojSimil in 
 Ireland^has dared to mention the name of Garibaldi with the most 
 qualified approval. Not even the dignity of his oharaoter has exacted 
 trom them a dight expression of personal regard. They have been in 
 
 The hint of his possible coming to lAdand drives them mad. The 
 mvecUW those « Liberal'^jj»m^ 
 
 Italy freedom IS something amati4 and unparaUeleS; A long and 
 happy hfe and great saoceos to Garibaldi, is the best prayer of 
 
 Toronto, May 9, 1864. 
 
 AN IBI8H PROTBSTANT. 
 
 .-..-a&i-. 
 
 ■J.. 
 
TO eARlBALDI. 
 
 Cheifkin of Idly, blune vm not ■, 
 Fain would wo koep thoo In our Island bona, 
 
 Though not ao dear to thoo aa that lone apot 
 Whore by the deep blae aea thoa lovedat to roam 
 
 But wo would Boek thee out aome oalm rstreat 
 Where time Bhonld paaa along with noisalcMi feet. 
 
 Thy fame, thy virtaea, thy heroio deeds, 
 Thy burning coal to aot thy country fVce— 
 
 Alaa I while Romo and Vcnioe happily bloodi 
 No oloudlotts amile upon thy face we ae o ' 
 
 Tlieae trophies of thy noble patriot beart 
 ShaUlievor with Uiyfbotstepilienoe depart. " 
 
 We've worsbipp'd rank and Mammon and i 
 And abut our ears too muoh 'gainst talea of woe ; 
 
 Well, tbou bast oome, with homing wordf to Uapi 
 And thank us, and our pent-np fedingi flow 
 
 Around theo with a gush of tender k>Te, 
 And prayers in thy behalf to Him above. 
 
 Not by the Pope-King on his tottering throno, 
 ^^ Nor the erown'd despots who the world enalaye; 
 No ; not by these the magic spell is knowjl 
 
 Which captivates the good and true and brave, 
 Making the best of men rejoice to be 
 
 Co-workers in fair freedom's oause with thee. | 
 
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 Is not thy presence sunshine to our hearts ? 
 
 Thy speech as music sougding in oor ears ? 
 Thy friendly grasp a something wl^ioh imparts { 
 
 A thrill of joy that even oalls forth tears 7 i 
 
 Thus would we keep thee prisoner of our love, I 
 
 The soaring Eagle changed into a dove. 
 
 But if, cimqueror, thou canst not reme£& 
 Longer amongst us, and thy soul is drawn ' 
 
 Back to Italia yii^ a viewless chain, . 
 Where trvith and freed<»n now are in their dawi, 
 
 Then, may the Qod of truth Uiy footsteps gnidi^ 
 ShiMd and protect Hao, battling on His ride. 
 
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 '•GiuwppwOttribBldi was born on the 22ii<I July. IH07, »l Nl<», 
 iu the iani« honm, and, ind«oJ, the Huinu cliuuibor, iw ii much !«•• 
 noblv wirrior—Miwiientt. 0»ribaiai'« I'uthur wui an honest Hci»r«ring 
 man, who orulncd nbout tho Moditorranoan in a littlu craft of hln 
 own ; hia mothor, Ko»u Ku^iundo, wum u woman of «in>;iilar intalli- 
 
 Snce, pi«ty and goodncna. Tho boy nwivcd a plain education, 
 ia ftthor wiahod that Ye nhould be brought up to u profoaaion- 
 thttt he Hhould bcooino an advocate, a (h>otor, or o prieMt ; but It WM 
 aaelcMH to try to keep him aHhore. The lad Umk to the water, and 
 made the aoa hia playfellow. Ho learnt hia Uwaona, did hi» work 
 paawibly well, and then hurried down to the quay. Throu|j?h.mt hi» 
 life be haa been an much aailor aa Holdiet^— aa much NblHon aa Bayard. 
 At length, tiring of the hcIumjU. he nailed away in the little Coatania 
 to Odeww. Hl« aecond voyage wan with his father to Home. Tbu 
 lovo of the acB never left hini. A Htrong, healthy, aetivo youngster, 
 with a good deal of the iHjet and the dreitmer in hia nature, and ye^, 
 for all that, emphatically practical, he ttiok- Htorni and Hunahiue uh 
 they came, and grew happily up to man'« cHtate. ThcMe early years 
 wore amongst tho awceteHt of bin life. Ho had bia triiiU and trouble*, I 
 fell grievously aick at ConHtantinopl((. for iimtauee. mid on recovering j 
 found it no easy matter to earn hia bread, but on the wlH.le he pro»- 
 per«d, And was a contented akipp^r. Strong, hundKonit', iind h«rdy,J 
 and endowed with a marvelloU.>* I>oau^ot w4*riiing the iiffectiuna oi'\ 
 all true women and manly men, laHrreached the ago of rioven-and- 1 
 twenty when, fbr tho grout good <^Wly, he met a Uenooi-i^' exile at 
 Manieilloa. The exilo waa Mnzzini. Vague hopea and u«piration* , 
 became definite in Garibaldi'H brain under the influence of the K»-. 
 publican thinker. The Genoese was the man of thought ; the Niz- 
 tard the man of action. They met, they spoke of 1 taly, of lier past 
 greatness, of her present degredation, of her future hopen. ThiK wuh 
 in 18J^4 ; in 1849 they met ogoin— Joseph Ma7z|ni was triumvir of 
 Bome, Joseph Garibaldi his trusted 8oldicr. 
 
 •' The owniiation of Young Italy,' initiated by Muzzini, was 
 spreading through the land, when the young sailor devot«d himself 
 heart and soul to its intercst-s. The republican and national idea 
 hud prdielytes in every class of society. Entering the Piedmontes 
 navy, Garibiddi exerted his singular influence to win fresh recruits 
 to the good cause. An armed expedition was prepared, the leader- 
 ship of which was confided to Bamorino, an officer who had shown 
 oourage and capacity in the Polish campaign. It failed utterly 'ana 
 miserably. Before he knew its results, Garibaldi, feverish with imr 
 patieaoe^ left his ship, rowed ashore, and landed at Genoa. An 
 insorreetion had been arranged, but delayed. There were traitors 
 in the oamp ; the government were in possession of all the republican 
 
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 \Aunn. Tho down c.niic tlml ttuitntrino'it corpn, in which Matiiiii 
 MurvotI M II iiiivutu kiitiiiiM', hiui U'tni (ti»|A'rmMi. (iitril)ul(li, NhulUinttl 
 Ht ttritt by tlio ktH-|H'r til' it I'ruitittvr'it Mhop, <lii«guiiH.>il hiiiiM'lf und lotlt 
 (Kmoii. Siil'o i'roiii thf i'ii'iliiioutfhii |Mili('i', hti wan urri'Mtod hy thn 
 Frvnoh. H«*VM]n|)«U; ptixHuil ilto ni;i(ht in an uulxirgv; NaiiK Liiiruti- 
 fgDr'n * Diou den toiiiwii iton*;' mid mi wdii iuuIi'm hvurtN' that thmw 
 whtHMi duty it wuM to tuist) him lu-tfd um hix guidtw inHtimii. Ilo 
 roiichvd MurH>illi>N in mit'cty, iii|d thuro Itmrnt thai liiu Hardiniiiii 
 (j^vtirniiicnt iiad iitiKlciiiiwd hiui to death. ' It wan,' ho itlyii, ' tbu 
 firat tiiiiu that I niiw my iiiimu in print.' Very prudttntly, liu chnnf^nl 
 it; mid WMMi nt'tvrward.H, iih '.lo«o|>h I'unu,' lit) Havi'd ii' iMiy'H lilu by 
 plunj^ing iiitii tht) harbour <il' .MitrHoillvM. Shipping hiniHC'lt' im mutv 
 on board a Kruiich vu.s.>«)|, \w iiiado aiiothi-r voyugi' to Odomu ; then 
 ombui'kcd iu u IVigutu bt4uu;ziu<r tu ihu Duy ui'{l'uui#; midun roturn- 
 iiig to iMui-Mi>il!c>it t'oiimi that tho choloru wast raging in thu town. 
 (iKiribaldi at oiicm voluiitticrrd to a.HHiMt in thu iiuHuitalii ; Jbr tii'toon 
 diiyH the young Ltaliaii tundcd tht; Hioic, alid thon tho pc>Ht begun to 
 pnHi» uwny. He joined the brig Nantonicr, of Nuntim, Captuin 
 Hcaurt>gard, Imiiml tVoni .MarttcilU^M to Uio Janeiro. Thu wondurt'ul 
 Boentiry, tlie gloi Iouh luxuri.iiicu of Houth >\mt>rica tillud hi8 loul with 
 ocntiwy. liu Hought for Hotiiu (tno to nharu bin joy ; mid he found 
 the friend liu nuodcd in UoMxi'tti. 
 
 " Tho Ili'publiu of Ilio (Jr.indo wim then nt war with tho empire 
 of Hrrzil. (j;iribaldi received letters of iiiar(|uu froiii thu repubhcnn 
 authorilie«; urmed a little nliip^f about thirty toiiH, named her tho 
 Mazzini, and tlieiij with KoMetti and 15 other coiiinanionH, put to ioa. 
 After taking Homo prizes and narrowly escaping Hhipwreck, no landed, 
 and }»uzed K<r the tirst timo upon the vast plaiiiH tliut Btrotch 
 oabtwards from Uriijjuiiy. plaiiiH with which lie BOoh beoaiuo as fatiii- 
 liar aH a gaueho, and ujion which ho wAn to figlit many d stubborn 
 battle, lleturniiig to liiri HIliI^^)o wds nttacked at dayhrcuk Ijy two 
 Brazilian vcuseln— 'hi.s heliihsman was killed, his craft l)ccaiuo un- 
 , manageable. Garibaldi was shot through the neck uiid became uncoh- 
 BCious, but w()ku to find ttitit the eiiuuiy had been beaten off, and that 
 biH little ■veH.><ol Was (juietly floating up tho lUver Parana. Tho 
 courage of his jneii, howover soon after failed them, and they deserted. 
 Garibaldi was taken priii<uner. „ 
 
 "lleleased, lie reauiued Ills adventurous life— now galloping over 
 the»plains, now cruj.siug and tightiiig in the long lagoons. After a 
 fight neaf the Estancia do la Barra, the hero fell in lovo. Tlio court- 
 ship was a short one. Anita Giuseppe loved at first sight ; the two 
 noble souls recognised each other ut once ; they luarried, and in Sep- 
 tember, 1840, tlieir son Meiiotti was born. Anita wofi worthy to be 
 a hero's wile. Her uaturc, tropical in its intensity of passion, wi|« 
 akin to that of Garibaldi ; and the bitterest hour of a life w^ch has 
 known many changes and much sorrow w;is that when, a hunted 
 fugitive, he laid her iu the grave, iUr away from hier native land, in 
 
 *•*,'■ 
 
 ^.. -. 1 
 
r 
 
 which MaMiiii 
 'tl)itl(li, Nht'ltiircU 
 hiuiM'ir iiiul Ivt't 
 urrcNtiKi by th«t 
 f^;; Nuii^ Uiiriiii 
 Mirtii ' thut thuM) 
 I'M itiHttmil. Ilu 
 t Ihu Huriliiiiiiii 
 ,' ho RifyH, ' Uiu 
 intly, ho ohnngtHl 
 II Iwty'M lilo by 
 
 hilllHC'li' IM HlilU' 
 
 ,u Odomu ; thon 
 \\ auduii ruturii. 
 \]i, ill thu town. 
 ituiN ; Jbr tii'toun 
 lio pc>Ht btiguii to 
 Nun ton, Ciiptuiii 
 Tho woiidori'ul 
 llud his Buul with 
 ) aud ho tuUiid 
 
 vith tho onipiro 
 II tho rcpubhcnn 
 named her tho 
 nion8, put to aoa. 
 iVreck, bo funded, 
 iiiH tiiat stretch 
 buouiuo as fiinii- 
 iiuny li Btubborn 
 liiyhrcuk Ijy two 
 ratt bccaiuo un- 
 d bcciimo uncoh- 
 ttcn off, and that 
 p Ptt('antt, The 
 nd they deserted. 
 
 y galloping over 
 igoons. After a 
 )vo. Tlio court- 
 sight; the two 
 ricd, and In Sop- 
 vuti 'worthy to be 
 of pusaion/ wofl 
 u lite which has 
 when, » hunted 
 native land, in 
 
 wp|-p^™*%^ 
 
 that Italy whioh \w |.)\wl imd Imv* "•• w«'ll. Hi' hsvlii'iimfl « brld* ; 
 hfl wmi doon to lew n fritnid, In t» Hphl ot MorfngMC. HnMifttl, dun- 
 j;«»rouVly woiind.Ml, foil from hit horx4« , ho rtftiwd to ^'iirrcndiT. nnd 
 wait wloin. (i.iribntdi iii-uinud him bitt.rlv, but h"l tii» tiin« to 
 wivto In Idlfl xirrtm. IH^ iw'tivi'y ri'.|<»iiM*'»l. In IHIJ \w ^nXtrtA 
 thfl wrvlco of tb«^ ropubllc of Moilto Vi I <», fhm tf htliig for iixi»- 
 tonoo agiiim«t th^ itifiliioii-' Kiwiin Ki w jNirti^iu 'l.>.nlor)» in a Innd 
 whoro nlftiont ovory miin b m Ht.nn- <»f tli« iii»«tiiict!« of n K'*''*"'"". w'"^ 
 now inoro fiiiiKMiM th.iii tb<' lliliin. Sil«nliy iintL v'rnvrly b'' w(to 
 preparing biiiiH.>H' for the mighty work th.it ytt ivmnlnod for biiWr 
 In tb«^ inti'rvulH of iictitm bo Ktmlltd ami tlioujrSt. Hlowly but Oflr- 
 tninly tho Idoii gr«'w iiixui liim »b;»t bo miulit romi in Itnlinn lr<:ion 
 In Houth Aiiu'rieii, whiob, pnictlmul In wnrfar.', might i-nm tho iwfc*.^ 
 when the good timo «miim', "ImI "trikx a blow for tl.o Kati.orlund. 
 With thrPT ships lip frmght for fbf«v .hy« Hg+bnii t4»H vpmi*'1« bol«n(|- 
 ing to tho, Dictator of Hii- tiot Ayrc-*; thf o(M> wcm tto grt-it even 
 (hr (liifibnbli; but ho lu-roio wiIk b'"* r«ciH<!iiici«, \\M, wb«'n ♦»«> re- 
 turn.'.l to Monto Video, bo wim builcd by tlio tx-opjo m honrtily ah 
 though ho bud giiiiuMi » vi<toiy. Tb«' I t.iliiM* f.-gioii wn« foriiuHl ; a 
 bond of noblo men. prnwribcil nrul b:ini'<bo<I ; thii»'''C", ccholiirB, 
 pliiin urtiwiiiM, Moitlloi-H, «.tilor«~but nil piitriotn, nnd l<i?ii»g their 
 loiulor. With th'wi iiumi bo ujaiuod ImttK'M. At Ccri-o, iit Lti Boyoda, 
 and at Son. Antonio bo wiw Viotorious. So Kigfiil wuh bis trianiph 
 ut Siin Antonio, thut the (irtVoriiniont of Monlo Vidio dooidod that 
 tho diito of tho battio, and tho nnmo of Ournibaldi, rthould bo inscrilxid 
 in lottor« of goltl upm tho fliX "»' »•'*' I^'»'''"" •'■'?>""• Tiiiio wont 
 on theycarHonHMHl happily oiiougli--(Jaribril(li wan p(K)r, but liin wantn 
 we're few. tie bail a wife to whom ho wan piiSHionatoly attuolicd— 
 little children whom ho lovwl with that grave nwofct tendornow whioh 
 marks tho alf'ctiftn of a hero. If is iianio was no longer obfwuro oven 
 in Europrt. Mfieiini, and a low faithful and eitrnest men who kept 
 alive tho fliinic of Italian pitriotiHui, know that in the brilliant noldier- 
 sailoi' of South Autorica, tho oouulny would find such a warlike ohiof- 
 
 tain UH it needed. , ...... . „•• .i. 
 
 "There caiiio over the wn -to Garibnldi the news that Pius the 
 Ninth was I'opo, that the people wero Pufferiug from tho horrible 
 tyrrany of bis If olinew. and thut lUily bud Started from hor Hlumber ; 
 BO he sailed away towards Home, and though timid men reminded 
 him that in Piedmont he was still uwlor scntt^noo of deafti, bo landed 
 at Genoa. With u wild cry of enthusiasm, tho people gatliercd round 
 him. His name, even then,* would have been worth twenty thousand 
 troops. The niunhood of the whole land would have rushed into tho 
 field at his bidding. Modestly and humbly the groat guerilla placed 
 his sword afe^Ao servico of his king. Carlo Alberto- ret ust«d it— the 
 most fatal n\istakc of its life ! The tide of buttle, which hod long 
 been running in favour of Italy, turned, and the ebb wiw switl and 
 strong. The Sardinian army withdrew before tho AuHtrians, and 
 /feft Milan to its fate. The noble city, whoso aons had themselves 
 
 •- 
 
 J 
 
 
fc. r^ 
 
 I 
 
 l» 
 
 r 
 
 fc: 
 
 ■ I' 
 
 
 4 
 
 
 x' 
 
 • 
 
 let 
 
 
 :;. ■■^;;-^", 
 
 driven out the Germans a f&yr nionths before, found that it had been 
 
 unwise trhun it put its faith in princes. Disenchanted, it called 
 
 ' Young Italy' to its aid. Mazzini himself shouldered a musket. 
 
 Garibaldi hastened to Milan, raised a free eorp, and marched upon 
 
 Bergamo. He was compelled, however, to retire, and after oatabluh- 
 
 ing himself for a time near Logo Ma^iore, he crossed the frontier 
 
 into Switzerland. In September; 184H, Nice, his birthplace, sent 
 
 him as its deputy to the Sardinian Parliament. It has been said he 
 
 is not a politicia*. The statement is only partially truei«r-to m'ake it 
 
 accurate we should Buy that he is not a diplomatist, though he has 
 
 sometimes cut knots with his sword which diplomacy was unable to 
 
 untie, and that he is not an orator except when upon the battle-field 
 
 he gives the word to charge. 1849 arrived. Pius fled from Rome ; 
 
 the Republic was proclaimed. Joseph Mazzini, Aurelio Saffi, and 
 
 Armellini governed it as a triumvirate ; and Garibaldi, summoned by 
 
 them to the Eternal City, was entrusted with the command of the 
 
 firdt brigade. Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, then President of the 
 
 French Republic — at present, 'by the Grace of God and the national 
 
 %ill ' Emperor — sent an ariny to Civita Eecchia, under General 
 
 Oudinot. IVfany men doubted whether the Italians would fight } 
 
 they soon solved the problcn(i — they fought. They drove back the 
 
 French from the walls of Rome ; Garibaldi, at the yilla Pamfili, not 
 
 only defeating the assailants, but taking three hundred of them 
 
 prisoners An Armistice was concluded with Oudinot, but the Niz- 
 
 zard did not like to waste time. With three thousand men he sallied 
 
 forth from the city, and routed five thousand Neapolitans at 
 
 Palestrina. Ten {lays afterwards, at Velletri, he attacked the enemy 
 
 who were commanded by the King in person — by Somba-^father of 
 
 Bombalino; andswift and craven was the flight of his evil M^esty. 
 
 Garibaldi, who was slightly wounded in the combat, letunied to R^e. 
 
 The si^ was drawing to its close. Republican France crushed 
 
 Republican Italy. Rome surrendered. With fcur thousand foot 
 
 soldiers: and four hundj^d horsemen, the Nizzard left the city, eager 
 
 to continue a guerilla, warfare in the mountains, or else to get to 
 
 Venice, which, under the leadership bf Daniele Manin, still held the 
 
 AttStrialns atbay. He reached San Marino ; but the Httle republic, 
 
 threatened by the allies, compiled him to disband his troops. With 
 
 a few devoted men Garibaldi departed, and endeavoured to gain the 
 
 shores of the Adriatic. Qh the 2nd July ho left Rome ; on the 30th 
 
 of the same month he quitted San Marino. His wife, Anita, who had 
 
 borne biiu three childrtin, and was again about to become a mother, • 
 
 acodmpanied him. On the 3rd August he reached Cesenatico, hired 
 
 thirteen fishing boats, and set sail tW Venice, The City of the Sea 
 
 was aUnost in sight when Garibaldi perceived that his little fleet was 
 
 pursued by Austrian ships; the wind shifts, and blew dead against 
 
 him ; eight of the fishing boats were captured ; with the other five he 
 
 ran the ^unUet through the Austrian squadron, and Uiiided on the 
 
 coast; His little band dbpersed. It ^as no longer a question of 
 
■^ ';■■:/!'. 
 
 that it had been 
 ihanted, it called 
 dored a musket, 
 d marched upon 
 id aiW ofltabluh- 
 ssed the frontier 
 birthplace, sent 
 bus been said he 
 true*r-to m'ake it 
 , though he has 
 ;y was unable to 
 1 the battle-field 
 fled from Rome ; 
 LUrelio Saffi, and 
 di, summoned by 
 command of the 
 President of the : 
 and the national 
 
 under General 
 tns would fight ; 
 ' drove back the 
 t^illa Painfili, not 
 undred of them 
 lot, but the Niz- 
 id men he sallied 
 
 Neapolitans at 
 tacked the enemy 
 iomba-^father of . 
 ' his evil Mwesty. 
 ictunied to Rome. 
 France crushed - 
 ur thousand foot 
 ft the city,' eager 
 or else to get to 
 iiin, still held the 
 iie uttle republic, 
 is troops. With 
 aured to gain the 
 )me ; on the 30th 
 s, Anita, who had 
 )ecome a mother, • 
 Cese^atico, hired 
 eCity of the Sea 
 lb little fleet was 
 >Iew dead against 
 . the other five he 
 nd laiided on the 
 ;er a question of 
 
 war. but simply of escape. With his wife, hiB childwp, Cioenuoohjo 
 and his family, the Lombard officer, Livraghi, and the Baraabite 
 monk Ugo Bassi, Garibaldi trusted himself to the honour oi the Pea- 
 santry, and found them nobly laithful. But the hardships of the 
 flicht overcame Anita. The noble woman died ; and Gnnbaldi, 
 dSeinir her grave with his own hands, swore that he would yet re- 
 vemro her uw)n the Austriaus. Heartbroken he wandered wearily 
 awav In time he reached Ravenna, then passed into Tuscany, to 
 Genoa, to Tunis ; and from Tuni« sailed, a lonely mart whose country 
 had been ruined, and v^hosc wife hud boen hunted to death, tor 
 America. A weaker nature would have sunfeandcr such calamitiM ; 
 this LTOiit nian, keeping his grief to himsel^t to work to earn hw 
 bread by the labour of his hauds, and waited for the time when, ua 
 God'ssood providence, Italy should again call hjm *<> ner aid. In 
 New York he turned trader : but the old love of the sea came back, 
 and he sailed again a» a merchant skipper. ''He visited Cahfomia 
 and China. He came to England— a grave bearded mm, who sat 
 among his bales and crates, and talk«d of freight and other trading 
 matters, but wjiose manner had still so strapge and subtle a charm 
 that those who did not know his name walked away in wonder as to 
 whb this Italian could^be. At Newcastle the north countrymen gave 
 ' him a sword of honour ; he has used it since to some effect. y 
 
 ♦v His mother died in 1851 ; in 1854 he returned to Italy, which ' 
 was now doubly dear and sacred, because the twofold h»ppines8_of 
 Us life, as son and husband, was buried there. Gradually the_Re- 
 publicans— the 'party of action'— drew nearer to the Kmg. Gari- 
 baldi believed in Victor Emanuel, and accepted a post in his nianne. 
 Then establishing himself at Caprera he rested and waited. The 
 air was thick with tokens of the coming storm ; and this mariner 
 knew well enough that the tempest was rolling up. On New Year s 
 Pay, 1859, the Emperor who had destroyed Rome hinted thxt he 
 would deliver Italy. The* French army crossed the Alps. At the 
 first whisper of war. Garibaldi offered his services to the Kii^. Car 
 vourknew liis value, and accepted them. Then, with his 'Hunts- 
 men (rf the Alps,' the hero dashed to the front, beat up the Austrian 
 quarters, and bqgan the war. From Lago Maggiore to Varese, from 
 Varese to Coma, this irregular force marched hetote the Anstnan 
 General had inspected his troops, or seen the last orders received 
 from Vienna; and erehe could tele^aph that the * enemy had es- 
 caped him at Varese,' Garibaldi had ^ptered Como amidst the cheer- 
 ing of the people. In this campaign the marvellous fertility of, re- 
 sources, the quickness of decision, the celerity of execution displayed 
 by Garibaldi, convinced all Europe that the reputation he had won 
 in America was not exaggerated. Sore trials remained for him. 
 Solferino was followed by Villafranca. When the shameful news 
 reached Garibaldi's cainp, he bore it bravely— it was hatefdl, it was 
 horrible ; but he had to do his duty to his king for all that Cavour 
 ^ resigned ; Garibaldi held his commission lor some time longer. A 
 
 y "> 
 
' !*■■. 
 
 '■I,: 
 
 -'■■■■ I 
 
 still heavier bloHr had to be endured. The Emperor, who had gone 
 to war for ' an idea,' sent in bis bill of costs. Nice and Savoy worts 
 to cease to be Italian. At this news the great heart of the Niczard 
 almost failed him. That his very birthplace should be bartered away 
 was terrible, He spoke out vehomently -he denounced the transac- 
 tion as an infamy, and then waited for the spring. In the first days 
 of May, 1860, volunteers bc^n to assemble in the neighbourhood of 
 Genoa, Gimbaldi himself was then at Quarto, five mUes from that 
 city. Duridjg the night between the 6th and,6th of May, a detaoh- 
 Bient under the ordenT of Nino Bixio, seized two steam troats— the 
 Lombardo and the Piedmonte— ^and proceeded to rendezvous which 
 bad^been appinted.' The people of Sicily had risen in insurrection ; 
 IGkuribiddi, the knight^errant of liberty was going to their aid. He 
 took his own place at the helm on board the Piedmonte, and steered 
 the ship himself. In III, his men numbered about a thousand, the 
 greatest part of them being Lombards. The enterprise on which he 
 had embarked seemed one of the most desperate ever attempted.. 
 The Piedmontes Qoventment disowned him ; by that of Naples he 
 was dendunced as a pirate and an outlaw. Steadily steering on, and 
 keeping a keen look out for hostile cruisers, he held his course. He 
 touched at Talamone, on the T«D9can border, took in coals at Santo 
 Stefano, and then steered due south towards the coast of Africa. 
 Safe thus far, he took in provisions at Cape Bon, and then pushed 
 right away to Sicily. On the 11th of May he made the land ; a 
 fiming-boat infomntd him that a Neapolitan frigate and two corvettes 
 had that morning quitted their anchorage at Marsala, and gone round 
 towards Trapani. The harbour was free. Garibaldi landed, and 
 the hostile squadron, returning just too late, could only seize his de- 
 serted steamers, and open an idle fire upon the town. Next moniing 
 he and his * red shirts' were on the mareh. On the 15th they met 
 the encnny at Colatafimi, and beat him; on the 26th, driving the 
 Neapolitans before him, he occupied Palermo. In due time all 
 Sicily acknowledged him as Dictator. Early in August he crossed 
 fipom Messina to the mainland. At the mere whisper of his name 
 foments dimersed : and Bombalino ran as swiftly from Naples as 
 his father had fled from Yelletri. Then, when he had conquered 
 two kingdoms. Garibaldi laid the ^t atthe feet of Victor Emmanuel, 
 and jrent back, a poor man, to grow turnips at Caprera. In all his- 
 tory there is not a more wonderful or glorious episod^. 
 
 "Again he left Caprera on a sad journey. With the cry of 
 
 lome or death,' he called his friends around him. J^ad as the 
 
 mdertaking seemed, there were many who, remembering what he had 
 
 "re^y^ done^ believed that success might yet be possible, Thq sus- 
 
 ^ Jnse wa8\^rt. By no Frenchmen — ^no Austrians— was Garibaldi 
 
 o>^eiw»ne. ^Be feUat A^romonte; ^to^ Italian hand that 
 
 shot him i^im It was a dark and awful time; but even through 
 
 **^1s he has liVed. \ shudder went through Europe when the news 
 
 - heard;and all who were generous or noble ffelt that, however 
 
 il. 
 
/.-, 
 
 )T, who had gone 
 
 and Savoy wore 
 rt of the Nhszard 
 '"■ be bartered away 
 need the transao* 
 
 In tho first days 
 ncirrhbourhood of 
 
 miles fVom that 
 r May,^ detaoh- 
 
 stcamboats-^the 
 'endezTous whioh 
 
 in insurrection ; 
 ) their aid. He 
 onto, and' steered 
 
 a -thousand, the 
 irise on which he 
 
 ever attempted.. 
 At of Naples he 
 r steering on, and 
 
 his course. He 
 1 coals at Santo 
 
 coast of Africa, 
 ind then pushed 
 ade the land; a 
 and two oorvettes 
 i, and gone round 
 Eddi landed, and 
 tnly seize his de- 
 . Next morning 
 
 15th they met 
 6th, driving the 
 In due time al| 
 igust he crossed 
 per of his name 
 
 from Naples as 
 ) bad conquered 
 ictor Emmanuel, 
 era. In all Jhis- 
 [k ■■■.. 
 
 T^ith the cry of 
 n. Mad as the 
 ring what he had 
 aible. Th^ sus- 
 — ^was Oaribaldi 
 talian hand that 
 ut even through 
 e when the news 
 It that, however 
 
 .^^.««^J5(^. »»■< 
 
 '^rfff'f^*'- 
 
 a^wrm^-f 
 
 much Garibaldi mkht have erred Uirougji excessive patriotftan, hjB 
 Vaa more than iufficiently puniihed by iuch a fate. A long and 
 weary illness followed ; and now W» eure not quite completed, the 
 Oenerid is in the Ohannel— soon to be the honoured guest of all our 
 people. Sueh a lite requires no commentary. We have briefly wid 
 Wriedly recapitulated what Oaribaldi has done ; it is for the nation 
 to say what he deserves." 
 
 The London Star also publishes a spirited memoir of Garibaldi :— 
 " Never,"it says, "has the muse of history or sott^touohed a nobler 
 theme than the soldiership and manhood of the ^tnot hero who land* ' 
 to-day on English soil. It is not for the first tune he now viats this 
 island home of; a great and free people. Thrio© before he has been 
 among us— in London, Liverpool, and Newcastle— but few <rf us then 
 knew his great worth and capacity. Onljr a few perceptive and 
 sympathetic souls recognised the native Mobility of the defeated and 
 exiled revolutionist who hid his greattieas under the humble ^b of 
 a mewhant seaiAari. Millions acknowledge now thi? truth of what 
 was written of him 14 years ago by Ma«zini, his elder brother in thQ 
 fraternity of Italian freedom—' There is around the name of Garibaldi 
 a halo wiich nothing can extinguish; a whole life devoted to on© 
 object— his country; a name consecrated by deeds of honour, firjt 
 abroad, then at home; valour and' constancy more than admirable 
 simplicity of life and manner which recall the men of antiquity ; all the 
 most mournful trials and loss^manfiiUy endured ; glory and poverty ! 
 Every particular relating to such a man is precious.' He has been 
 by turns, and even at the same time, seaman and soldier, cattle-dealer 
 mathematical teacher, candlemaker, master marinjer, gepieral con- 
 queror, dictator, captive, senator^^and rebel. It is liard to say at this 
 moment what are his relflWpns to theEing on whom Iw bestowed ttie 
 Crown of Southern Italy, and to the govtiniment of which he has 
 been both the creator and the enemy. But at no time and in no i^t 
 of the worid has he ever been other than Hie most devoted of Italian 
 ' patriots. . ■ \ ■■ ^ '. . 7 ' *' 
 
 . "'Whe^ GaribWdi visiled Tynemouth, in his vessel named the 
 Commonwealth, it was pfeposed by the inh^itanta to invite him to 
 a public entertainment. /He declined the latter, but joyfully accepted 
 the Bword and teleso^ The presentation was made on the deck of 
 theCommonweaJth, find acknowledged in these words:-— 
 
 '" Gentlemen-^I am very weak in the Englidi language, and can 
 but imperfectly express my aoknowledgemfflnta for your over great 
 kindness. Irouhonor me beyond my. deserts. My services are not 
 worthy of all the favour you have shown me. You more than reward 
 me for any sacrifices I have made in the cause of freedom. One of 
 the people— a workman like yourselves— I value very highly these 
 expressions of your esteem— the more so because you testify thereby 
 your sympathy for my poor, oppressed; and down-trodden countij. 
 ^ , Speakuig in a strange tongue, 1 feel most painfully my inability to 
 
 ..-■■■f 
 
 / 
 

 ■ P 
 
 • ■■■■■ ■^.■.■■■'"■■/^■•'■. ^^ 
 
 duuk yon in t«fXQt raffleleiitly w«rm. /The fbtnra will alone tbow 
 how loon it will be befbra I am oallecl on to nnibnth the noble gift 
 I have jut reoeimbd. and battle in behajf of that which lies nearest 
 my heaft-^the fteeacun of my native liknd. Bnt, be rore of thia : 
 Italy will one day he a nation, and its firee oitisens will know how to 
 acknowledge all the kindness shown h^ exiled sons, in the days of 
 their darkest tronUes. .(Gentlemen, I|wonld say moire, but my bad 
 English prevents me. You can appreciate my feelings 'and under- 
 'stand my hebitetion., Again, I thank you from my heart of hearts, 
 ao^ l>e oon^dent of thia-r^that whatt-yor vioisaitudes of fortune t may 
 heieaiW pass thra^^, thia handsome sword shall never be drawn kiy 
 me ezjoept in the cause of liberty.' ; ** " . 
 
 " Before the vessel left the l^mo the following letter was addressed 
 to the chairman of the deputation, and is an existing an authentic 
 specimen of the General's penmanslup and literary faculty :— 
 ^ " ' Ship Connnonwealth, Tynemonth, April 12, 1864. 
 
 "* Mt Dkae Cowan— The generous manifestation of sympathy 
 
 with whieh I have been honoured by you and vour fellow-citizens b 
 
 J <|f, itaelf more than suffioient to recompense a life of the greatest merit 
 
 ,"; ' Bom and educated, as I have been, in the cause of humanity* 
 
 my hevt is entirely devoted to liberty— universal liberty, national 
 
 and world-wide — "oracMempre" (now and for ever). England is 
 
 a greaC aind powerful nation— independent of auxiliary aid— roremost 
 
 in human progress — enemy to despotism — the only safe refuge of the 
 
 exile-^ftiend of the oppressed; but if ever England, your native 
 
 country,, should be so circumstanced as to require die help of an idly, 
 
 euned be that Italian who would not step forward with me in her 
 
 defence ! Yo^ SP^^^i^^^^^ ^"^ g^vcu the autocrat a check and the ' 
 
 Austrions • lesson. The despots of Europe are against you in oon- 
 
 , sequence. Shpuld England at any time in a just cause need my 
 
 jurm, I am ready, to uAsheathe in her defence the noble and splendid 
 
 .inrord receiveid at your hancls. ; ' . •-■- i 
 
 ""* Be the interpreter of my gratitude to. your gpod and :generoas 
 Ofuntiymen. 
 
 :".' i regret, deeply it^ret; to leave without again grasping hands 
 with yo n.- ;• ___ • - . _ . ■ _ ^' ■; _-__^ _^_ '_^ _^ 
 
 ' " ' Fartwel), my dear friend, but not adieu ! Make room for me 
 in'your heartt Yours always and eveiywheie. i 
 1. . - . , .;.., «CK GARIBALDI. 
 
 *' * Joseph OoWen, juA., Playdon Bum.' 
 
 ' "P. S.— At Bio de la Pbito I fought in favour of the English 
 iigainst the tyrant Bosas.-' " < 
 
 r 
 
 ^ < 
 
 ,'' 1 
 
 i I d 
 
 
) win alone tbow 
 ith the noble gilt; 
 rhioh lies neiYOtt 
 be rore of tbiB: 
 will know bow to 
 Siin the days of 
 aire, but my bad 
 lings 'and nnder- 
 r heart of hearts, 
 8 of fortune i may 
 lever be drawn by 
 o " 
 
 o 
 
 ttor was addressed 
 ing an authentic 
 faculty:-- 
 
 iprill2, 1864. 
 tion of sympathy 
 
 follow-oitutens is 
 the greatest merits 
 use of humanityi 
 
 liberty, national 
 rer). England is 
 ary aid— foremost 
 
 safe refuge of the 
 and, your native 
 he help of anally, 
 
 with ihe in her 
 
 a oheok and the ' 
 linst you in con- 
 b cause need my 
 oble and splendid 
 
 od and :generDas ,. ~i 
 
 ,,;•■. . -i 
 
 1 grasping hands 
 
 ike rooin for me 
 JAiilBALDL 
 r of the Bnglish 
 
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