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H. WATEROUS. G. H. WILKES. BRAI^TFORD, ONT. ALSO MANUFACTUREItS OF KNGIHE8. S&W MILLS, GBIST ^EaLS, —AND ALL KINDS OF— ■|.n: Hunter, Ros« & Co., Printkrs, Toronto. .a^^iK^wa&^'f- t.ii^?-.-- \Mi- ^■; \ \ t m?i i Y i?)^ ^^^^oKP f'^^^^^.J^ jpSTABLISHED 1844. 1* 6> WATEROUS' IMPROVED SYSTEM OF Fire Protection AND WATEIB SypFLV 9 FOR CITIES, TOWNS, AND VILLAGES. MANl'KACTURKD UNDER LETTERS PATENT BY C. H. WATEROUS & CO., C. H. WATEROUS. G. H. WILKES. BRANTFORD, ONT. ALSO MANUFACTURES £NG/JV£S, SAW MILLS. GRIST MILLS, AND ALL KINDS OF SAW MILL MACHINERY. UPRICHT tUllllldlilM' pt,rtf^.rni^.. I'.S; !•, I C.H.WATEROUS a>co.| { . w WAT ERG US' IMPROVED SYSTEM OF FIRE PROTECTION AND WATER SUPPLY FOR CITIES. TOWNS, AND VIELACxES. The Reservoir plan of Water Works is confessedly imperrect. Its settli-g process does not furnish water of satisfactory quality. Its fixed gravitation pressure does not meet the varying wants of communities so far as quantity is concerned. Its value for Fire Protection is gencraliy limited to the supply of Fire Engines. It is withal so expensive that tax-payers shrink from the liabilities it imposes. Topographical difficulties prohibit numerous localities from supplying their wants for water bv this method. There was urgent need, therefore, of a new and better way of accomplishing the important objects of Water Supply and Fire Protection. Happily these public wants are fullv met in the new system of Water Works, invented by Charles Horatio Waterous. The frequency of fires in Hrantford, which the means at hand were lamentably incompetent to check, turned his thoughts in the direction of providing a better method of fire protection. We regret to make the state- ment, but it is strictly true, that no town or city in Canada had suffered so much loss from fires during the last ten years as the town of Brantford. Within that time nearly all the buildings on both sides of our main business streets, have been destroyed ; new edifices have arisen from the ashes, only to be destroyed again. The cause or origin of these fires has usually been enveloped in mystery, but in some cases ..le hand of the incendiarv has been clearly traced. From the oldest and most experienced Insurance' Agents in the town we have learned some facts relative to the value of property des- troyed, and the amount of it covered by insurance. There had been during the ten years prior to 1870. over fifty fires, some of them sweeping away whole blocks of buildings on two sides of a street at the same time. The nwi i inrfi B y i ' ii i i , . «»»..MMiuw-.« WATEROUS' IMPROVED SYSTEM OF estimate of the value of property destroyed varied from $300,000 to $500,000. We take the lowest of these estimates, because we wish to avoid anything like exaggeration. Of the three hundred thousand dollars' worth of property destroyed by fire within the ten years, much less than one hundred and fifty thousand, or greatly less than one-half, was covered by insurance. The loss, therefore, to the people of Brantford, the owners and occupiers of the property destroyed, has been over fifteen thousand dollars a year, in addition to the amount paid for insurance, which amounted to fifteen thousand dollars more for the whole property insured in the town. Many people fancy that the amount of insurance that has been paid has exceeded the value of property destroyed, but no idea could be more erroneous. A careful consideration of the whole matter will at once satisfy the enquirer that what the various insu- rance companies, doing business here, have had to pay, will be more than they ever received from the assured ; the owners of the property destroyed have also been heavy losers. Now, whatever may have been the origin of the numerous fires which have occurred in Brantford, their terrible devastating effects can be ascribed to one cause only: the WANT OF EFFICIENT AND ADEQUATE MEANS FOR THEIR IMMEDIATE EXTINCTION WHEN THEY FIRST BROKE OUT. It is true the town had, during almost the whole period to which we have reference, a well-organized and efficient F ire Brigade, with fire engines of the best construction, but the efforts of the firemen had too often proved futile, because there was no adequate supply of water. Had that been supplied in ample abundance by means of Waterworks, such as exist in the large cities of Cartada and the United States, and such as we possess now, the loss by fire in the town would have been less than one-tenth what it has been heretofore. The great desideratum in this town was water, and until that was supplied by some mode not hitherto used here, we might have reasonably expected that destructive fires would continue to occur at short intervals, just as they have occurred during the previous ten years. Water Works, however such as have been constructed at Hamilton, Toronto, Montreal, and in the largest American cities, would have been entirely too costly for a town of the wealth and population of Brantford. The corpora- tion could not afford to expend millions of dollars for the first construction of Water Works, or to spend a hundred thousand, or even fifty thousand dollars a year on a Fire Department. Previous to the construction of the present Wa- ter Works the Fire Brigade cost over thirteen hundred dollars annually, and if we add to this the amount paid yearly to the insurance companies, say fif- teen thousand dollars, also an excess of fifteen thousand dollars for the pro- perty annually destroyed beyond the total amount of insurance, we shall find mm .m. FIRE ROTECTION AND WATER SUPPLY. that fires and the inefficient means for their extinction cost over $31,000 on an average yearly, and as the town increased in size the liability in losses by fire would have also increased. Now no scheme could have been devised for supplying water for the rapid extinction of fires when they occurred, and which at the same time would diminish the devastating effects by one-half, »ind which would not cost in the first instance more than one-half of the annual loss by fire, and which to he kept in efficient working operation won't exceed the hundred and twenty fifth part of the previous annual loss by fire, other than such a scheme as Mr. Waterous has invented. The scheme devised and submitted to the consid- eration of the Town Council by C. H. Waterous, Esq., has secured the ap- proval of some of the first Engineers in this country as well as in the State of New York, The system of water works introduced, so modified as to be almost entirely new, is the same as that which has proved so eminently successful in Lock- port, Ogdensburg, and other cities in the United States. In i860 Mr. Waterous made a proposition to the Council, the same in sub- stance as that which they accepted last year, but at that time the Council were not in a position to receive and act upon it, and therefore the matter was abandoned. Mr. Waterous, however, with the enterprise which has al- ways characterised him, repeated the proposition again, when it was more favourably received, and prominent gentlemen formed a joint stock company with a capital of $20,000, in shares of $20 each, for the purpose of carrying out Mr. Waterous' views, and with the understanding that the corporation should guarantee eight per cent, per annum on the amount up to $18,500. Waterou.^ system of Fire Protection and Water Supply has been patented, and is one of his own invention. It is substantially the same, with improve- ments, as the " Holly System," which is being extensively introduced into the cities and towns of the United States. Mr. Waterous' system dates its in- ception to the year i860, whereas, the " Holly System" was not introduced until 1863. If we may place any reliance on the opinions of such Engineers as Kivas TuUy, Esq., Chief Engineer of the Ontario Government, and others well qua- lified to pronounce judgment on such works, our system is not surpassed, if eqtial'ed, when we consider its comparative inexpensiveness and proved effici- ency, by any other now in existence. Since the works have been in successful operation there has scarcely been a fire in Brantford, and those which have occurred have been almost imme- diately extinguished. The result is that the insurance companies have reduced their rates of premium from so to 30 per cent., and the bad reputation which WATEROUS' IMPROVED SYSTEM OF Brantford had attained in this particular, she is likely to lose for all coming time. So satisfactory has the system worked up to the present time that a movement is now on foot to extend and utilize it still further. It is proposed to procure by means of the Water Works, the water necessary for domestic purposes. Possibly hereafter they may be still further utilized for manufac- turing purposes. We may sum up by giving some of the many advantages of Waterous' Improved System of Fire Protection and Water Supply. 1. One of the advantages of this system is, the great strength and power of the machinery, as compared with fire engines, for suppression of fires. The latter are made light as possible, in order that they may be moved with celerity in case of fire alarm. This sacrifice of strength to locomotion, often results in their giving way in some weak point at the critical moment which determines whether the fire shall be quelled or rage unchecked, until immense amounts of property are destroyed. The Water Works on the contrary are permanently located, and iron and steel are freely used to make them massive, strong and durable. That they will not give way in time of fire, may be re- lied upon with great certainty. That they are constructed with superabundant amount of power, and in duplicate sets of machinery, is un additional guaran- tee of unfailing efiUciency. 2. Another advantage of the system is, that it saves and makes available the precious time consumed by fire engines in reaching a fire after the alarm IS given. Fire engines wait for men to draw them, or are liable to be detained by a balky horse, or by overturning the engine, or by muddy streets, or a deep fall of snow, or some other difficulty, which keeps them from reaching the spot where their services are required, until too late to be of any service at all. The Water Works, on the contrary, reach -out by their under-ground pipes throiighout the entire town, and wherever afire breakes out there will always be, near at hand, several hydrants— 7uhichy under this system, is but another name for most powerful engines — ever standing sentinel and always ready without waiting to be moved, (upon the turning of a wrench, and the attach- ment of a section of hose,) for instant and successful action. The value of this system in this feature, cannot be over-estimated, for a few minutes gained in throwing water upon afire at the outset, are more than the equivalent of hours at a later period, when the confiagration has spread, and is sweeping all before it in its devastating course. 3. Another advantage of this system of Water Works is, that it obviates a serious difficulty, with other systems, in regard to a supply of water for the extinguishment of fires. It too often happens that even when the fire engines are in good working order, and arrive promptly nt the conjiagration, they cannot grapple with and master it, because of a partial supply of water. In manked con- •\ -- I I I coming le that a > )roposed omestic lanufac- ^antages V. bower of •s. The \ ed with m, often t which mmense 'ary are nasstve, ly be re- : bundant V ira%t with this, by the Waterous system, each and every hydrant— or fire engine is also a never /ailing reservoir, which will yield its full supply, from the main source of supply, until the fiames are subdued. The failure of this main source of supply, can, in the construction of the works, be abundantly guarded against, and hence it is hardly a conceivable contingency that a lack of water will prevent th* suppression of fires promptly, wherever they occur. 4. Still another advantage of this system is, that the severity of winter weather does not in the least interfere with its efficient operations. Very different is it with the other modes of suppressing fires with either hand or steam fire engines, or any other fire apparatus. They may be in perfect working order, and the si.pbly of water may be abundant, and yd with the thermometer at or below zero— and it is then fires 'ire most frequent— how often communities stand appalled at the specticle of conflagrations which frozen fire engines, and frozen hose cannot furnish a drop of water to repress and subdue. With the Waterous system it is noticeable that the suction is taken within a frost-proof building, the water is thence pumped into and through long stretches of pipes beneath the ground and below the reach of frost, is throi!» to the surface at the required point, with . nperature considerable warmer than the open atmosphere, and thence, ii)ith great and unchecked velocity is showered in torrents upon the fire through short stretches of hose, in which the water cannot congeal in its rapid flow. This circumstance, alone, very strongly recommends these works above all others, in that the security is not diminished when most needed in intensely cold weather. 5. Another weighty circumstance bearing upon the question of adopting this system of Mr. Waterous', is, that since it dispenses with fire engines, engine house, &c., the sale of this property, no longer needed, will contribute largely to pay the cost of the Water Works. In many cases the sale of the engines, engine houses, &c., will provide for nearly, or quite the entire cost of the Waterous machinery. 6. Another circumstance in favour of this system, which commends it strongly, is the nominal sum it costs to superintend and keep them in repair. The Brant- ford works cost for care and superintendence but $250 per year. Let the compa- rison be made bdii)een this and the annual cost of maintaining a single fire engine, whether hand or steam, and lax-payers have an all powerful reason for immedi- ately adopting the Waterous system. When tax-payers ascertain and foot up the annual cost of maintaining existing fire departments, they will be startled at the amount, and will appreciate the importance of the Waterous system, which reduces it to a trifling sum annually. 7. Yet another circumstance in favour of these water works is, that it relieves communities of the expense of fire departments as now organized. By the Water- ous system, hose companies alone are required, and since, wherever laid, the water pipes to that extent take the place of hose, only a small amount comparatively is h •■' WATEROUS' IMPROVED SYSTEM OF required. In Brantford, a hydrant hose company has been organized, composed of citizens interested in the protection of property, and in other places the same classes, prompted by this motive, will readily perform the same services. S. Conclusive proof of the superiority of this system, is found in the fact that underwriters readily tnake large concessions in the rates of insurance, within diitricis covered and protected by them. g. This system, it is to he observed, also meets a Htblic necessity, inasmuch as it combines fire protection and water supply, without the expense of con- structing and maintaining rt ~ ^ri. oirs and fire engines, and thus places it with- in the: rrach and means of communities, to enjoy cdmost perfect immunity against f re, while at the same time a full supply of water may be secured for household and other purposes. WATER SUPPLY FOR TOWNS. THE WATEROUS SYSTEM. IJS OPERATION IN BRANTFORD. Extract from the " Daily Globe," Toronto, 30th January, 1872. An effective system of water supply for towns and cities is one of the most pressing necessities of Canada. For the want of it hundreds of thousands of dollars worth of property is annually lost in Ontario alone. Most of our tnwns and cities are deplorably deficient in this respect, and even of chose that make some pretence to an efficient system, few have reduced the danger of loss by fire to anything like a minimum. The unusual number of des- tructive fires last summer and autumn, has aioused public attention to the importance of the subject ; and city and town corporations, upon which the responsibility mainly rests, have of late been casting about to find out the best, and at the same time the cheapest, means of protection against fire. What is wanted is a system taat combines efficiency and economy. Of course .lo plan is really cheap that is not thoroughly efficient ; but the one that coni- bines both elements will always necessarily and properly obtain the prefer- ence. Two things are essential in any system, and in proportion as they are wanting will it be fjund deficient. There must be an abundant supply of water, so that there will be an absolute certainty that it will not fail just at the moment when it is most needed ; and there must be the means of apply- ing the water promptly upon the discovery of fire. Every moment, then, is of the utmost importance. A few minutes are generally sufficient to decide whether the fire is to be servant or master. Reference to the Chic go fire may be somewhat hackneyed, but that great disaster can be turned Into a universal blessing if the lessons which it teaches be only universally observed. It is an indisputable fact that had the engines been promptly on the spot when the fire began it would have been quickly subdued, and a local para- I i FIRE PROTECTION AND WATER SUPPLY. .. ^ I Th,?!^^ K ?^ Pr^P^'' '^""^'^ ^^^^e sufficed to tell the whole story rhe same may be said of nearly all our large fires. Few get much headS before they are discovered, but the delay in getting to work is fatal Ihe fire has gamed strength, and sweeps all before il Promptitude of opemtL is however, not mo, c nnportant than an unfailing supply^ of water. How often ^^d iuS at theV'rlH?^,"^ unchecked, simply' bZL the water supply has Ss^^WiHltv. K '"'"^"'''"""^ ^'"'''"^" ^"^ spectators are alike help- £V .iw "^ '^/^^ exceptions there is not a place in Canada that can takfntU'"''^ '"> f ^^°"n^^"' ^'•■^^"^ °f ^^'^' eq^^l t° any fire that may take p ace within its hm.ts. In some towns a neighbouring stream is reUed upon though for lack of the requisite machinery fts supply can onT^y be ued rnHlvi I f"^ "^"'.r'" ^''^'^ ''' '^^'^'^^- I" other places the wells of private individuals are the only dependence. Under such a state of things it is not surprising that the ravages of fire have become somewhat alar2g. ndif ference has in a measure given place to enquiry on the part of coiporat ons • and though such bodies proverbially move slovvly, it is To be hoped the pre- thehiTir' T'"''"^"""'" ''^" °''' towns and cities are supplied £ ™esl'afson?''° >'['"" "^"'"^' ^''- .'^^' ^"PP'y "f ^^^^^^ for domestic SioSkl be cat ibl^ of II ""P"--^')" ^^' !^"d a good system of fire protection water fromT^W. ^""'TT •^'"' '^" P"'"P°'^- '^'^^ importance of pure water, from a sanitary point of view, is every dr.y becoming more generallv recognized. Wells in a town of any considerable size are ve^l able to be- come impura, and the prevalence of epidemic diseases may, to a grea extent be attributed to this fact. In the selection of a system of watfr-supplv of course, this point must not be overlooked PP ^ rav"S'of"fi'r. hUT P^"""' ^"^ P;?^^^^j"g ^^'^ cities and towns against the ravages of fire have been known in Canada. These are the fire-engine system Tn. w^t.;-',f ''T '^'u^-- "^'^^ ^''' °f ^'^^^^ "^^s ^^hatever means^of oSS ing watei may be within its reach, and contents itself with providing engines on a greater or less scale of efficiency for the extinction of fire. It doe! not assume to make provision for a supply of water The second or reservoir plan, provides for drawing water from lakes or as'vv'in en hT ^^'f,,'-^" ^^l^ation above the level of the^owns to be supplied as will enable a full supply of water f b i'«^" It will be seen from this brief description that the system can be adapted to any town large or small. The cost depends upon the size of the engine and the lengfh of pipe laid down, and therefofc varies according to the size of the town. The system is intended to supply water for general use as well as for 12 WATEROUS' I. ■D SYSTEM OF ?n tif/? ?f ' ^^'' P^^Po^l the pumps are kept constantly working. In the latter case an arrangement has been devised whereby it can be indicat- ed at the engme house when a sufficient force cf water is on, so that the pumps may be regulated. It will be noticed that with this system no power is wasTed With the reservoir system every drop of water Lsed has first to be pumped up to the highest point of elevation, and thus more power is needed than under a system where the power is direct from the source to the point where the Ro S '^ir^lT'^- ^ V'^'' "'^''^•'"' P"'"^' ''''■ ^'^V>-edP^rry, inspector of Se ^??l^''^/"!"''f"'^^ Company, in a recent letter to a Montreal paper says : -The introduction of steam-engines was a vast improvement upon the old .^»MZTV,i" I'i'T " ''"Y^-^ '^f ^^''^ ^^'^« ^'''"^ steam-engines as now employed will be looked tj^on much m the same light as we now view the hand- engines of the past." "-fniS SYSTEM (THEWAfEROUrs?s?EM)winaccom- E.fhL^n " ^'fTf^^l fi''^:^"g.i"e organizations a greater reform than .m " M 'p°"'P^"^''^ ^y '^^ ^dopt.on of steam over the hand-engine sys- IoTA. wl Pf'-'-y'-ecommends this system for the purpose of supplying wa er to the higher levels in Montreal in preference to constructing a new reservoir on a greater altitude than the present one. The latter plan would, he esti- mates involve an expenditure of $100,000, while the former could be put into operation for some $20,000. ^ ^x}'^^' ^i^?i"''^^ •-■ ^^^*'^''' ^•^•' ""^^'' whose direction the reservoir Water Works of Montrea, Toronto, and Hamilton were constructed! rs-ppoTnted burih nn^T T^l""^ ^^'T^ *° '"T'^ '"^^ "°"y Water Wo'rks at Ogdens- burgh and Lockport. In his report he says : " In gravitation plans it is necessary either to provide a supply for future SSr.h' '"'"^"^ ^''"^y '"'"'■''' '''^'''^'^^ °" ^1^^ P^^sent one,^ or else to QuPreH .nn' "Tv' ^' ^ ^''^' '"''^ '^"^^ ''^^'^ ^" additional quantity is re- over ofh^r^.H^rr" ?'P''' pumping systems have generally the advantage rarat^elTtrm1ng'co"st '""'' ""^ ''''' °"'^ ^^ '■^'^^'^^d' '^^ ^^ ^ ->- mr'rS?J'?''°" ^"PPl'^^ '""jt also be assumed for a fixed level, and with the ncrease of consumption and waste, an annually increasing loss of head sets no't sL^'ot' h nf '•!'. 1? ''"^'^>- ^"^-^ "" ^''^^''' ^^^^^1' -^^'^h^^he fixed level can! not supply ; biit with the pumping system the water can be kept up to anv required level by the application of more power. ^ ^ ^ It does not appear that the question of dispensing with steam-en-ines al- SwTtir^h'f 'fr^ '"' '^°""^'''^'"" "'^'^ th^consmiction of Water Works until within the last twenty-five years. The pressure required for this pur- ha'rSL ■"but'r"'^' '"f ^' \'P°" ^" inconv'inient, and'to a ceitain "xt?n , he cot of 'tit I ^^f ^^' ''■^''' been improved, and it has been settled tha the cost of the street pipes is scarcely affected by it, because smaller sized Fm'o-'dt'to 7s'::.o'" 'f "'•^'"^ I'^t'-'-b^ti-. are'necessaril made stronge'r (in Older to insure good casting than is required for any water pressure 'Furthennore,it hasbeen proved that although there ma^\e an aCmt siipply of water, fire-engines, even when worked by steam uenL^ we ab e in cold weather ^-when, if meeting with any temporary derangement they are quickly frozen up and become useless.' ^ itiangcment For the speedy extinc^ion of fires, nothing can equal the hi^ 5625 Thos. McLean, dry goods .J'^ f/ 7,ooo2-5 3325 Leeming & Paters'on vvhole;ale confecl ^' ° '^ '^'7°° ^ '93 15 tioners, &c . ,, H. Lemon, "Courie^"'* Office .'^ ^-5 ^'°°° ^ ^5 00 lvSdS^^-'-5-=;y F^' ^^' -- ^H.^^r^5-;=^^^ ^:^^" so- John Edgar, glasswar"'..T.:^ '|'CS J^ 'i'^ -^3/ '^^ 00 Jackson Forde, groceries r ,/ ^'°°° ^ ^5 00 Farr & Bishop kardwTre.':::::.-::.-;:.-.:. '^^ ''d 5,000 ^ X7 7S 7,000 ^ 7jOoo >^ 17 50 tenance of 111^^0X3 Trom I ' ^^f "^ ^''^^'tion and annual main- '■'" lengflfTsta '""'''= '"™'"' "^'S'>' -7° '■> '8° lbs. per ''*" wSgta^S^lf/.sTbs."' ^°° "'■■■ ™^ ^'*54 =«h.-inch, The p.pes to bear a pressure of 300 lbs. to the square inch. I 3garded the if the Grand are situated •"ire Protec- nce. Some that where reduce their under any e Waterous showing the Works. It ount of his lite as safe »wing 13 the t&te. Saving: $ cts. 300 00 31 25 31 25 35 00 27 50 22 50 56 25 33 25 193 IS 25 00 25 00 60 00 20 00 80 00 125 00 15 00 17 75 17 50 :ion to the )n rests — ual main- Bran tford incUiding 3 was for pipe laid FIRE PROTECTION AND WATER SUPPLY, tf The cost of the pipe was as follows :— 8-inch pipes $,0 a length of nine feet. ^-io'^h, 7 5(j 4-inch, 4^0 It will benoticed that the chief item of expense is for the pipes, and there- fore he total cost ,n any town or city will greatly depend upon the leneVh of pipe laid down. For a village the cost would be but trifling^ whUe in a^large c.ty where great ength of pipe and heavy machinery would be required h would be proportionally greater. It will be understood, of course,That the above figures are only for hre protection. As only additional machinery would be required m extcndmg the system for the purpose of supplying water for domestic purposes, the extra cost would not be l^rge, while the revenue received from that source would, it is contended, not only defray al expenses but vieM a large direct profit to the shareholders or corp'oration' owning the ^orks As to the cost of maintaining the works, we found that the entire annual hSed fnd'fiT^ H^5^' "^^^.'^ machinery was the insignificant s"m o? two hundred and fifty dollars. But as Messrs. Waterous & Co. contract to keep the works in operation for this sum, perhaps it should not be regarded as a safe gujde to the annual cost of similar works in other towns ^^^'"^'^ ^^ * ..fn^hl""^ ^uV^^^ ^"^ °r*^'" ^^"^ ^^^^^'^- Waterous & Co. some information Can^dtn^/n^ ^^^'f '°'- ^.^^''^^""g ^°rks on their system of water supply °n f^Hottg estimates r ""P""^"^^'-^ we M^ere readily furnished w'l^h'the ESTIMATE FOR BELLEVILLE. , .^''^^'!!'''' "^'^^ ^ ''^E^'^'^y ""^ ^"PP'yi^g that town for domestic purposes I 500,000 gallons per 24 hours, and of throwing simultaneously four heavy follows':-'"' ^^ buildings, $41,000. This sum is made up Is Machinery put in operation r. Building, foundation, &c * ,'^ Hydrants ";;;;;;; 3,ooo 21,650 feet of pipe, laying the same, lead "used in laying It, stop-valves, transportation and contint^encies "^°"^ : 19,300 'r°*^^ $41,000 The population of Belleville is 7,305. ESTIMATE FOR BARRIE. .h ^u- u "^Pu^-^J"-^'"" .°"ly "^'^^ ^ capacity to throw three good streams over the highest buildings m the town, $15,000 "cdui;, over Made up as follows : — Machinery $7000 Pipe and laying the same 4800 Building and foundations '., !.......'.!..'.'."" 2000 Hydrants, stop-valves, and contingencies. ....... ........,.'.'] i'2oo "^ot^l $15,000 The population of Rarrie is 3,398. 3 i! 1 ■ i ?, i ' * i 1 r' 1 I ESTIMATE FOR ST. CATHARINES. For fire protection and water supply ; capacity coo.ooo gallons per day. for ' domestic purposes, and six good heavy fire stre?.ras, $55,5c>o. Made up as follows : — Pipes laid, say $20000 Buildings, foundations, &c a Ann Hydrants, &c .v.:::::;:;::: t^ Water Gates ^'^ Machinery. '^^Z^'Zl'J'^ 16,000 1,500 Contingencies Total The population of St. Catharines is 7,864. $55,500 ESTIMATE FOR FREDERICTON, N. B. For fire protection and water supply ; capacity 360,000 gallons of water per 12 hours, and five heavy fire streams, $18,000. ' "^ ' ^ ^ Machinery.. jg Hydrants, water gates, &c , rQo Building and foundations ".','.." 2000 Conduct and contingencies 6000 Total $18,000 In this estimate the cost of pipes is not included, and the estimate is only for one set of pumps for both water supply and fire protection. In the other places the estimates are for two sets of pumps. The population of Frederic- ton is about 6,000. ESTIMATE FOR TORONTO. Annual cost of running Water Works (on Waterous system) in the city of Toronto, estimating the cost of said works at $400,000, with thirty miles of mams, and machinery capable of pumping and distributing 5,000,060 gallons per da/, and of throwing twelve streams simultaneously at an elevation of sixty feet above the works, and six streams at a higher elevation :— ir'Menui. :....::z:::;:z:.:::::z..:::::.::z 1;^^^ Total cost per annum $40,000 00 tem^^Wh!?'^^' f *'°"'''^' '^"^•'^ ^"^ ^'^^^t *h^ s^"^e as under the present sys- h^k.nVic ^f a^mounts to it ,s impossible to ascertain, as the works are in ioDrox^malS m1' P""'"'' ^^° t^^P '^^' information 'to themselves. An approximation to the amount may be arrived at as follows : S i )ns per day, for $29,000 4,400 4,000 600 16,000 1,500 $55,500 E 1 8,000 00 00 IS of water per $8,500 1,500 2,000 6,000 timate is only In the other 1 of Frederic- in the city of ; hirty miles of 1 0,000 gallons elevation of •• $9,946, 25 >oo 00 >S3 75 present sys- i works are in | iselves. An I The revenue of the Hamilton works is $40,000 per annum, or about $1.50 for each inhabitant. At this rate, the revenue from Toronto would be about.$90,ooo The present cost to the city for water for the streets is... 6,700 Annual cost of four steam fire-engines, say 12,000 The two last mentioned items would be saved under the Waterous system, and if added to revenue would show a total income of. 108.700 Cost of running the Waterous system 40.000 Saving to the city per year $68,700 HAMILTON WATER WORKS. The Hamilton Water Works, including 19 miles of pipes, cost the city $776,732. To pump and distribute 620,000 gallons per day it costs — Per annum $10,000 Interest on $776,732 ••• S4,37i Annual cost of Hamilton works $64,871 (Or $24,871 in excess o/cosi to nm the Waterous System in To- ronto, though only pumping less than one eighth as much water.) We also beg leave to refer municipalities wanting an efficient means of Fire Protection to Mr. Alfred Perry, of Montreal, Inspector, Royal Insurance Company, whose intimate knowledge of all means in use for fire protection, (he having for over jo years made it his special study, )&% well as his high official position as inspector of one of our largest English Insurance Companies, make his opinion one of the most weighty Canada can produce. We ap- pend a letter from him that we clip from a recent issue of the Daily Globe. PROTECTION AGAINST FIRE. (To the Editor of the Globe.) Sir, — It must not be understood that I intend to convey the idea that the expenditure made by the Civic Government for the erection of its valuable fire stations and fire alarm telegraph, and the purchase of its steam fire engines and hose, has of itself been otherwise than mo^ valuable in the extinguishing of fires. On the contrary, I know of no place where money has been spent with more judgment for fhat purpose than in your city. Your engine-houses have not their equal in Canada ; the steamers are excel- lent, and the fire telegraph, if properly worked, is all that can be desired ; but. Sir, this is a progressive age. Years ago, on going from Toronto to Montreal, in my present occupatiop, I had to stage it In passing over the road known as the Indian Woods below Belleville, we had to em"!o" oxsn '■■'tf WATEROUS' IMPROVED SYSTEM OF I th^^nZulm^oVtlT'^F^^^^^^ ^. '^!" ^.^ '"^1*"^^ to throw in Toronto successfulk Tht "^P^"'"'^"f ^o^ t^eir inability to combat fires menaremadetoundprs^•lnHfl..f I Mu , '^''•^ ^^y ! ^"<^ ""^'1 the proper performance SlS' ctVTfe'th'u'lfkr °' "^^'^-^f '" ^^^ unfrequent. ' ' '"'" "'^^ occurrences will not be I.aSe'to'ge^'olVoVTdeTtiTh?" «[• themselves heavy, unwieldy machines, on their efficrencf- 'nd in r 'ThTh™''''"^^^ ^'^ ^^P^nds to be rendererusdessby thetr vaf;es"'n"H^ n^' """T '"°"^^^; '^^^ ^''^ ^'^^le temperature is at or below .em Tht "^ T""/' H.^'^«'"'"g frozen when the and a-half to four tons reaui^ina Ln h"'"^'''' "^'^'^ "^^"^'"^ '^ ''■"'^ three speed ; at a lorcalculItSn li '■''^' '" ^'''''' '' ^' * moderate rate of minutes to Lnve at he sZ^ an average, from ten to twelve minutes more ere hev a e gotlmo plav '-^"''^^V^^-^-erule requiring five sive and heavv rubber hose seMnm l? Vk 2 "u''' drawback is the expen- often from one thousand J wete iundre'felt ' Th"' ^''' '" 'ength.^and with the reel, in the virinifv nf,l^l l»ndred feet. I his quantity will weigh, any chance of a fire^e nl 1 !,"'^ ''"''''''^ ^°"'- "^^is is quite fatal to Your fires I am cred^tnhl ^ F^ "V'^u" ^0"^'"''^"^ m less than nine minutes full swIy^reThe bri?a]r:??T''-''^^^^^ the contrary, twenty minu es' TWO YEAks INVOLVED A LOSS of ^r o^S m ''"''' ''"^'" '''''' ^'^^'^ ^^UHING DOLLARS. The hoLlwYn use cost^om^^f .o''''7 ^^ V ^^^-^'^'^'^''^ ^^^ after four years' service Tl e hn^U fn^ ^ ?? ^^' '^""J' ''^"^ ^^""^ unreliable the most active and dTrfn^ rnll bulk and weight of loo feet almost precludes roof of a bu d?ng and f mrih, ^?h '""^ '''P^^'" "^ ^''^^^'"^' ^^^ ''°^^ to the " Iron Block" pfefer^ed t'o s an" n tlf.' ""'i •''"'"'"'' '^.^ "^"" '" ^•■""t of the to the roof There is stilthiy, ... '' V?,P^^,'^'"g "^e instead of ascending of the Fire ne^em ol.S^i^^^lil.i^'^-'jf >,,!--^ '^^-j'- ""- far to account forrfhe heavv In ■' < ' r . "lavvbacks combined go dered at that ates of insnrnn^;^" ''"""'^ referred to. It is not to be won- loss is severely fek not on v bv iL'^rh'fr^T^^' h'^'^' ""^ ^'th it that the in Toronto. ' ' ^^ ^°''^^' ^"^ ^^ °ther companies doing business surli^e'SmpJnS'n^^^^^^^ °^ --e of the In- is, how canTfs tate o? ^l^nisV^'Z^'^ "^ .T' ^K"'^'"'- '^^e question mand as efficient a fire br gLd?as there TsTo h^' f '^^' "^"'u"^" "^^^ ^°'"- c uiigaaeas tnere is to be found on this continent? .Ml M If ilffi the driver is ^n who drove esent day, he motive at the ay have been those who ned to throw combat fires m Telegraph i might arise. n Block'' was ly struck, but at the engine ad of pulling :ed the num- five. It was er than they ties I know, nd until the Jglect in the i will not be ly machines, fire depends ey are liable en when the s from three erate rate of 1 to twelve equiring five s the expen- length, and i will weigh, lite fatal to ine minutes. ty minutes' this into :es during uarter of E unreliable St precludes hose to the front of the r ascending uncertainty jmbined go to be won- it that the ng business of the In- le question ' may corn- continent ? FIRE PROTECTION ANT) WATER SUPPLY. ■I ite 21 To arrive at this most desirable position it will not require an exper-diture equal to the sum losi by the late fire. It will enable vou to do away with the unwieldy apparatus now in use, to have hydrants placed over the whole city limits at a minimum distance of three hundred feet apart. Any one of the hydrants will afford an equal, and in many cases a greater, quantity of water, discharging a one and a quarter-inch stream at as great a height as is now obtained from a steamer. It will in fact be placing at every house a dormant power which in a moment, with one hundred and fifty to two hundred feet of hose, can be brought into immediate use. It does away with the loss of time under the existing system. All that will be required is a small one-horse hose cart, with its 400 feet of canvas hose. This hose, costing only 30 cents per foot will be found, with proper care in drying, to last as long as the rubber hose. The whole of this apparatus will not weigh over 650 lbs., and should be taken to the scene of fire from any point in three to four minutes. I he majority of fires will be finally subdued in seven or eight. This brings me to the question whether a full supply of water can be obtained for fire purposes by gravitation ; or, if gravitation is not available, what IS the next best and possible means available for fire purposes ? And if tor hre purposes, of course the same system can be utilized both for fire and oomestic uses. The possibility of obtaining the required water supply by gravitation is a cjuestion I must leave to those who possess the requisite local knowledge to cleterminc. I believe Scarboro' Heights is the nearest and highest elevation where pure fresh water can be obtained from the lake. What the elevation IS, and the distance it is from the city, I leave to those more familiar with 1 oronto and its environs. Unless the spot named, which I understand is about seven miles from the city, and the highest point available is two hun- dred and fifty feet above the citv, it cannot be made available for fire pur- poses. ^ Quebec obtains its water supply at a distance of 15 miles at an elevation of tvve hundred feet and only obtains a projected elevation of about 130 feet I herefore you will at once see that even should the height that can be ob- tained here be two hundred and fifty feet, it would prove for fire use insuffi- cient. Montreal has only an elevation at the reservoir of 200 feet, and though so dose, only one hundred and seventy feet projected elevation is obtained at St. Paul and Magill streets. Therefore, if gravitation is not possible, either as regards height, distance and cost, what is the alternative ? In very many cities and towns in the United States, where a sufficient water supply is not obtainable or available by gravitation, the Holly system has tieen adopted as the most efficient and serviceable both for fire and do- mestic purposes. That same system improved is in use in Canada to-day m only one town, Brantford, and is known as the " Waterous svstem." The power IS direct, and as this svstem has been so very fully described in the columns of the G/o/?t' since the burning of the " Iron Block " it is not neces- sary for me to recapitulate in this letter the arguments in its favour, though I AM PREPARED TO PROVE, IF MY STATEMENTS ARE DOUBTED, THAT THE WATEROUS SYSTEM IS THE BEST THAT HAS YET BEEN DISCOVERED WHERE A FULL SUPPLY OF WATER IS NOT POSSIBLE AND AVAI LABLE BY GRAVITATION. It IS unfortunate that a young country like Canada that we do not possess many men who have made the subject of extinguishing fires a special study ■ but we must avail ourselves of the material amongst us. As for myself, I can only say that the suggestions I have taken the liberty or giving through your i I cobmnfe to the public, are the results of a practical experience of over thirty I do not propose to disguise that, as an officer of the " Royal," I am most anxious that Toronto should possess the very best possible Water WoTks for hre purposes, for all possible requirements, for many years to come 1 remain yours very truly, ALFRED PERRY, Toronto, February 26, 1 872. /'ts/ec/or, Royal Insurance Co. ( Extract from the Toronto Daily Telegraph.) who?fvWl^l5^"^?'!i •'''''' "'•'•^^^ ^>' '^''^'■^^ ^^'■"ble conflagrations, by which leai Thf fi;'""^- ^T'-'LT'^ ^'^^i ""'' ^^'^ ^"^oking^ruins left in their bSes on th^ fn ?^,0"^^^ ^"d Saguenay regions left grim and ugly po tion of h nnHSn^ "f I T''''^' '^"? "^^^^ S"^^ ^"^ P^^^r^X the settled portion ot hundieds of mdustrious settlers. One would have imae-ineH fhat Se^'Zld'h"""^ '^ '''' Dominion-taking warlg b^ thTfSWJhe future action nfth^T ? °['^Vu ''"" '''^' '° ""'"^ themselves against the of the k^d tZ f "''• 7^^ "^"n cipal councils, howe^ er, did nothing tMnllJ^H u^' ^u"^ resolutions of condolence to the burnt-out and eyes and"?usTed ^n\'^7 '^'?u''\''! Y ""^ ^^^^ ^«^'^^^d, then shut the^ eyes and tiusted to luck, as they had done before from time immemorial As a consequence of this suicidal fossilism, the fire came 1^556^00 found hem unprepared, and punished them for their impnJdTnt neglect by a series RarllH-''^" <%°"^gr^tions, by which Bradford was reduced to nibbih ened'to f S '^n?' T.°V'" '^"' "^1 °'^^'- P'^^^ scorched an™blact eneci to a woful extent. The disasters of last season might have taueht the ^tr Lf'^"" '°'''"' ''^"^ ^'"'-^S^^ '^^^t fire cannot be conquered eXtbv the primeval l-r^'"; r'?'"'''>' '°' '-^PP^^'^^ '^ ' ^^' ^^e les?on was Tostfand on vErthevfean for"nrS IT"^ «[ extinguishing flames is the broken'reed with ,Se fSesTrl. thrl"^^^ Fortunately, some of the municipalities, 3e u^thei, minH. t\^ ''''^' ^'^ ''^^^'l^''"^ ^^'^ *^'^ ^^^^tion, and have rnaae up tnei minds to take precautions wh ch will put them out of anv ri-jt W"f3„'5=fife7leff "',""'' ''^"™- ™' »ouW ™corme„d" hem' w!,,! ^'^'""S I're engines from foreign manufacturers, to inspect the Waw^ Works system now h, operation in Brantford, constructed bv Messrs C U che?r''„°e?V°-°f"""''°""'''""f"town. Th;advantaE«onhisswem corp>Sn° n'?!;^'',"'-'',™ "m '""'""'' '" ""=■ '^ "»' *<= Poore .council or f 1 { t r. i Dea • late fit i cities. I mg, m less ar ' merch ' this m five or and ha destro i i short h I CoiT y the ma i as wel that u poratic own pi Two send a use, ar proper suppli( Inte 5 1 was f over thirty " I am most :r Works for ne. Insurance Co. IS, by which left in their n and ugly the settled agined that ; fate of the against the did nothing nt-out, and ti shut their nmemorial. ison, found by a series to rubbish, and black- taught the i except by is lost, and roken reed licipalities, , and have of any risk lend them, the Water ssrs. C. H. system are council or culty. In :ted in the led which, d the town n reduced se the mu- leputation can guard prosperity of private Extract front the Annual Report of the Brantford Water Works Com- pany for i8jl. " During the winter and up to the present time nothing of importance has occurred ; a number of trials have been made, principally to deputations from other towns interested in having more efficient protection from fire. All these have proved satisfactory, and we believe that Messrs. Waterous & Co., will be rewarded for their enterprise by furnishing other towns with similar works. " On two occasions the works have been used for the extinguishing of fire, and in both instances clearly demonstrated their advantage and power by confining the flames and completely subduing them in a very short time. We CLAIM THAT WE HAVE A MORE POWERFUL, EFFECTIVE AND CHEAPER SYS- TEM FOR PROTECTING US AGAINST AND EXTINGUISHING FIRE THAN ANY OTHER TOWN IN THE PROVINCE. In fact it seems to operate as a preven- tative as well as a successful extinguisher of fire ; for bince the introduction of these works the town has been freer from its ravages than for the past fifteen years. Their benefits have been clearly felt also in the reduction of insurance. In a number of instances we hear of a reduction of one-eighth, one-quarter and one-half per cent., and there are cases where, in the renewal of a single policy the reduction pays the increased taxation entailed by these works and leaves a considerable margin of clear gain." To the Editor of the Intelligencer. Brantford, July 6, 1871. Dear Sir, — An official visit to the Town of Barrie in connection with the late fire there has shown me the necessity existing for not only large towns and cities, but also small towns and even villages to be supplied with a never-fail- ing, never wearied power to combat the disastrous spread of thac most merci- less and pitiless of all the elements — resistless fire. The agony of the ruined merchant is unheeded, and the houseless family in vain looks for mercy from this monster, while the business prospects of the one are thrown back twenty- five or thirty years, if not entirely ruined ; ihe homestead secured after many and hard years of toil, sacred in the eyes of those grown I'p under its roof, is destroyed, wiped out of its very existence by the destructive elements in a few short hours. Communities, like individuals, are slow to move, perhaps much slower than the majority of individuals on account of the diversity of thought and opinion as well as of interest, and it is only when some severe disaster has occurred that unanimity of feeling to resist the common foe compels, as it were, cor- porations or communities to spend a little money for the protection of their own property as well as that of their neighbours. Two weeks before the late fire in Barrie, the Corporation had determined to send a deputation to Toronto to report on the best steam fire-engine there in use, and one week before that trial of engines took place, $60,000 worth ot property was destroyed, sufficient to put up three Water Works, such as that supplied to the Town of Brantford. Interested as the (2ueen Insurance Company is in the Town of Brantford, I was requested to proceed there to report upon the efficiency of the Water It'.: Hi 24 WATEROUS' IMPROVED SYSTEM OF Works, and as the plan and operations maybe useful to Belleville, I will give my ideas as those of an uninterested party. Having communicated with the President of the Company (which is Joint Stock, capital $2o,ckx>) and obtained his consent for a trial, 7.15 was the time specified for operations to commence. Before going: any further I might say the engine is a stationary one, with a pump well immediately underneath for a supply of water, which can be aug- mented at any time by other means at their disposal ; the principle is what IS called a rotary one, two sets of pumps, one boiler, two engines, and one pump or both can be disconnected at at any time ; the water is forced through 8 inch iron mains, laid 5 feet under the street with hydrants at convenient distances. At 20 minutes past seven the order was given to fire up, in ^yi minutes 30 lbs. of steam was generated (sufficient to start the engine), in ^yi minutes more the hose was on the hydrants and the water then began to play throu^-h two lengths of 100 feet each, nozzles ,^ and i}4 inch. The stream thrown was strong and very steady, and anyone accustomed to the practice of differ- ent kinds of fire extinguishers, must acknowledge these equal at least to any- thing on this continent. The hose was afterwards attached to another point higher up in the town and with equal results, the streams if anything being heavier in volume than the preceding, and I would recommend this system as being far superior to anything I have yet seen. The engines, which are models of perfection, are, I believe, made by Messrs. Waterous & Co., of Brantford, who, no doubt, can give better ideas of the cost and working the same ; as I care not so much for details of working as for result of such work, and from what I have seen I should consider the Town of Brantford has done itself eminent justice in supplying its citizens with one of the best fire preventives to be? secured. It would also be well for towns and cities to look into the principle closely, and I should think they would, on looking into figures, give this system the preference above either reservoirs or nre-en),nnes. The corporation keeps the hose in order, and g'-arantees eight per cent on the capital ; while the stockholders themselves have made ten per cent, extra from the decrease of rates of insurance. Should you consider the above of any interest to the readers of your paper an insertion will oblige, 1- r > Yours very truly, CHAS. W. WALKEM, Inspector^ Queen Insurance Co. Extract faorn the Report of Messrs. /o/in Junkin, and D. JV. Corbin, Deputation from the 7 own of St. Catharines. {From the St. Catharines Daily fournal, May 2$.) _ We will state the cost of building Water Works here and in other places m order to shew the advantages we possess. The New York Water Works cost $40 per head ; the Boston Works cost the city $32 per head ; the Mon- treal Works cost $30 per head , the Philadelphia Works cost $55 per head • li! 2ville, I will give y (which is Joint 15 was the time nary one, with a Wch can be aug- )rinciple is what ngines, and one s forced through ts at convenient I 4>i minutes 30 , in 4X minutes to play through ; stream thrown ractice of differ- [ at least to any- up in the town, in volume than J far superior to lade by Messrs. ideas of the cost working as for sider the Town itizens with one II for towns and they would, on ler reservoirs or jht per cent, on per cent, extra 5 of your paper, EM, en Insurance Co. D. IV. Corbin, ?5-) in other places, c Water Works ead ; the Mon- ; $55 per head ; pirE protection and water supply. 25 the Hamilton Works cost $40 per head ; the Brantford Works cost $2.30 per head ; the St. Catharines Works will cost $8 per head, and many of these places are obliged to pump the water into reservoirs or service pipes, , We might state that the Towns of Brantford and St. Catharines are the only two places in the above comparison that are computed on the Waterous improved system. Extract from the Report of Geo. E. Henderson and IV. A. Foster, Deputation frotu the Town of Belleville. The trial of the Works exceeded our expectations, witer was thrown from three hydrants at a time at a distance of one mile, and upon the elevation of 40 feet to the length of 80 feet, and at a distance of 150 feet horizontally, and from 600 to 800 feet of hose, \% nozzle, to the height of 100 feet, and at a distance horizontally 200 feet. Then they threw three streams at one time With as great force apparently as one at a time ; in short we consider the Water Works quite equal to fire-engines at every corner of the street where hydrants are placed. ^ >] 26 DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF THE f RANTFO I^D f NGINE ^OI^KS; ELLIPTICAL ROTARY POWER AND FORCE PUMPS. Owing to the very many enquiries we are daily receiving relative to our Power and Force Pumps, we have deemed it advisable to issue the following illustrative catalogue in order to give all the information possible in a more convenient and comprehensive form. With a practical experience of over twenty-seven years in the manufacture of engines, saw and grist mill machinery, we feel confident that our engines and machinery, as well as pumps, for simplicity, efficiency, economy and durability, are unequalled by any in the market. We assure our customers that we are sparing no pains to produce machinery that will tend to increase our wide-spread reputation. We are only manufacturing Engines, Saw and Grist Mill Machinery, Water Work, and pumps, having our entire attention to these special lines, we aim to give better value for first cost than can be produced elsewhere. During the last year our Mr. Waterous having patented "Waterous System of Fire Protection and Water Supply for cities, towns and villages," to fill the demand for which we have greatly increased our facilities, that the manufacture of same may not interfere with our engine and machinery business. tw uaW M UMPS. i ! lative to our he following }le in a more 3nce of over i i grist mill | , as well as nequalled by ; to produce an. We are Vater Work, I, we aim to " Waterous nd villages," ties, that the I machinery ELLIPTICAL ROTARY POWER PUMPS. In placing before the public this catalogue, we wish to call especial atten- tion to our Rotary Pumps as shown in the representations herewith. They have now been before the public for several years, and during that time have been most thoroughly tested, and with i*-ie most flattering results. The great advantage of this Pump is in its simplicity and durability. We do away with valves and packing in the working parts of the Pump, therefore it is not liable to get out of order. The cams, or long cogs on the piston, are packed by the action of the water, grooves being made in them for that pur- pose, and into which the water is forced. The shafts are of the best cast steel, and all have outside bearings. They take less power to drive than any other Pump, from the fact that there is but little friction, as the ends of the cams do not rub on the inside of the case. We wish to call particular attention to the advantages of these Pumps for fire purposes, as they will throw a very large quantity of water, and that also at a great distance. They can be run at a very high rate of speed without injury, and they are so constructed that they cannot break if the whole power is suddenly applied to them. These Pumps are now being introduced, under our system, into many towns for supplying water for either fire or hydrant use. Wherever introduced they have given perfect satisfaction. The reduced space which this Rotary Pump occupies, doing its work so quietly without the use of Levers, Piston Rods and Walking Beams, ascend- ing and descending, together with the e^se with which it is driven, a,re strong arguments in its behalf. 1 n t ilr iiii • ^ii I 28 DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF THE ELLIPTICAL ROTARY PUMP. Sectional Vieiv, Shonnng Internal Arrangements. The above cut represents the internal construction of our Rotary Pumps A glance will show how plain and simple they are. m Sucti arrange Should tight an for pun: BRANTFORD ENGINE WORKS. 29 NO. I ROTARY PUMP. ■ Double Geared with Tight and Loose Pulleys. ary Pumps, Suction, I '4: inch bore; discharge, the same, with brass union coupHng, arranged for either gas or lead pipe ; capacity 40 to 75 gallons per minute. Should be run for constant use at from 75 to 150 revolutions per minute. Has I tight and loose pulleys. We make of Brass or Gun Metal, when ordered so, I for pun.ping acids or liquors, 5 S!f T' 30 DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF THE NO. 2 ROTARY POWER PUMP. IVith Tight and Loose Pulleys An excellent Pump for its si^e, mainly used for raising water at - t^jTT' T' ^--^-^-'-^"^ ^ -derate l;;"" "^ o i I^ edl;:^?^^^ ^^'^P-^ty5oto.5galJ',Ln -;;rnr^rS--- — "^eatfromiooto... ailway ">n 2 • acids. I csci This capacit be run special similar Wei &c., wh t r.ailway ">n 2 • X) -, ing acids, T' BRANTFORD ENGINE WORKS. 31 No. 3 ROTARY POWER PUMP. With Tight and Loose Pulleys. I This Pump is the same in all respects as the No. 2, but has double the capacity. Suction is 3 inch ; discharge, the same. For constant use should be run from 100 to 175 revolutions per minute ; can be speeded higher for special use. Has tight and loose pulleys. We arrange this for fire purposes, similar to our Nos. 4 and 5, when so ordered, at a small additional expense. We make this size, also, of Brass or Gun Metal, for pumping liquors, acids, &c., when ordered. 32 DESCRIPTIVK CATALOGUE OF THE No. 4 POWER PUMP. A favourite size for Distilleries, Factories, Mills and Railroad Stations, where an extra quantity of water is required, and also as a protection against fire. Will discharge from 150 to 300 gallons per minute. Should be run for constant use at fiom 75 to 150 revolutions per minute. Suction pipe 4 inch ; discharge, the same. For fire purposes, this Pump can be speeded up to' 500 gallons per minute. Has coupling fitted ready for counter shaft. We make this size, also, of Brass, when ordered, for pumping liquors, acids, &c. Pumps on same principle are extensively used at the New York State Salt Works, at Salina and Syracuse. It is constructed so that the Pump rests on a heavy iron frame, the shaft resting in bearings on this /same, Wms making the Pump and frame, so to speak, one complete machine. The utility of this will be obvious to all ; as by this means the use of a standard is done away with, the Pump being com- plete without it. Another great advantage is, that shafts are always in line at the bearings with the Pump. J J ftRAKTFORD ENGINE WORKS. 33 No. 4 FIRE PUMP. ^1^ The above is a favourite size for Fire Protection, and is fast bein>^ nsed in all parts of the country. Will throw fro. 300 to 500 gallons per .n. te a co.hng to .ower or speed driven at, forcing water through a one and Ihalf inch nozzle tron. 150 to .00 feet. One has been known to throw four streams at a tune over 150 feet high, should be run at .50 to 350 revolutions per mmute. Suct.on 4 .nch. Put small quantity of oil into Pump after usiL unnng once or twice, to prevent rusting. Made with coupling fitted rcj; tor counter-shaft. ^ _ It will be noticed it has all the improvements of the pump on the preced- ing page, but has the addition of attachment for hose, being designed especially for Jirc purposes. This size and No. 5 have achieved for them- selves a splendid reputation as Fire pumps, and are to be found in mills and buildings throughout the country. T~' — f 34 DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF THE No. 5 POWER PUMP. f' This is a very strong and durable pump, and bas the same improvements as No. 4. (See page 29). This pump, for constant use, should be run 75 to 150 revolutions, and will discbarge from 250 to 500 gallons per minute. It will raise proportionately more when speeded higher, but higher rates of speed are not economical. Suction 5 inch, discharge same. Has coupling fitted ready for counter-shaft. We make these pumps of brass, for raising and forcing chemicals, when so ordered. Sar No. 4 of the Shoul with c York Depot t I BRANTFORD ENGINE WORKS. 35 No. 5 FIRK PUMP. ^- Its to It of ng ng Same as our No. 4 Fire Pump, but of lar^rer capacity. This size, or the No. 4, is to be found in many of the iarjrest mills and buildings in all sections of the country, for fire purposes. Suction, 5 inch ; discharge the same. Should be run thf> same number of revolutions as No. 4 Fire Pump. Made with couplings, ready for counter-shaft. This size is being used by the New York Central Railroad, at Rochester, for protecting against fire their immense Depots, Workshops, Round Houses and other buildings in that city. r DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF THE No. 7 ROTARY POWER VVMV A large, strong and powerful pump, intended for starch factories, large dis- ti 1 nies, paper mills, ll'd/rr WasAw, or any purpose requiring a large amount of water. Shafts of steel 3*4' inch. Capacity 600 to 1,200 gallons per minute. Has 10 inch suction ; discharge the same. Should be run from 60 to 150 revolutions per minute. Fitted for counter-shaft same as ninnl)er foui". t s U \^ C N 50 c 01 S 1^ > '^ o K* 4) +-* M c o Oh This cut represents the sec- tional view of our improved Fire Hydrant. The outer case is set in the ground at the re- quired depth, and to wliich the earth will freeze, so as to ad- here in severe weather. It has also an inner stem through which Mater is forced for fire or other purposes. ]{et\\een the case and stem is a space for air. The valve is at the bottom of case, and so far underground as to be entirely out of reach of frost, and is operated upon by valve rod, the screw and nut of which are immediately above the valve, and so secured as to prevent any vibration under very heavy pressure. The valve seat is of leather, and valves open against and close with cur- rent. In order to get at the valve take out the four bolts at the surface of tlie ground, the inner stem with valve, and the v.hole working part of the hy- drant can then be taken out, examined or repacked and re- placed wihout difficulty, mak- ing the joint at the bottom of stem tight by tightening the four bolts at surface of the ground. It is so arranged that A\hen liie valve is closed all the water in the case above valve will run out, leaving the hy- drant empty at all times except in case of fire, or when water is rapidly passing through it, and as the valve is so constmcl- ed that it will not leak one dro]i, it is im])ossible for fiost ever to affect this hydrant. The act of o]iening the valve closes the drip and prevents any water escapingwhile the hydrant is be- ing used. A guard at the top ])revents any unauthorized per- s(.)n usingthem, asthey cannot be opened except with lock wrench constructed es]iecially for this purpose. There has nocase been reported where one of these hy- drants has frozen, and tliey liave been placed under pressure equal to 500 feet head, without leak- ing one drop. They are of extra weight and strength, and ad- apted especially for use in con- nection with IVafi-rous^ Improv- ed System of Fire I'yotcction and Wiitcr Supply. F B EE Z I NC m i HYPBAHT-^J ? ec^ , War Wg^ /lA This ranged ( fire purf when, in See Working I'ie-iO, former page BRANDFORD ENGINE WORKS. 39 TAKE-OFF VALVE FOR HOSE. /lA 1 his IS a very excellent Valve, whose use will be seen at once, behi- ar- ranged or designed for upright iron pipe., running from cellar to garret", for hre purpo.cs, one of these being located in each story, with hose attached when, in case of fire, by merely turning the crank, the water is let on CUT-OFF VALVES. IVit/i Brass ralve-Siat a mi Stujiiig Box, We claim this to be the best Valve of its kind now in use, as by an ingenious arrangement of an eccentric movement,' it can be closed perfectly tight. This obviates the necessity of a pressure, which is usually required to make tight the ordinary valve, this one being equally as tightly closed, with or without pressure. We also furnish all sizes of Globe Valves. L 40 ERANDFORD ENGINE WORKS. RUBBER HOSE. We furnish all sizes to order. We also furnish Canvas and Leather Hose for Hydrants. Fire Eni,nncs. &r. BRASS HOSE COUPLINGS AND NOZZLES. We make all sizes to order. For Price List and further information address C H. WATEROUS & CO.. Brantford, Out. Hunter, Rose & Co., Printers, Toronto. /' '1 •I PORTABLE SAW MILLS A SPECIALTY : SHiPPiNfiwriywTfc^^-cNs _^. , , .-.IV'' «. pur IH OP-f RATiHN ft«AiN|i-4 i • : •■ ■ • ' rsrAV OiZC P^RTftBU MIL!."'' f r r"--" T W ;,*>^4I^^^^ Agents for Montreal and New York Patent Saws. Blake's Patent Belt Studs, Gummers, Swages, Cant Hooks, &c., Always in stock. ^.;;i^^^-Y.