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22.
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1 1.25 111.4 IIIIII.6

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1 2 3

32X

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ixouft' of His Excellency the GovernorOriifrtil shown thus

Sti)f>piuir Places on Do. from Sth August to Q.<)th Septctnht'r, shown thus-

PHOTO UlH 8 ' THE BURLANO LITM CO MONTREAL

■-V;

" To h- igmranl of the North- West h to Le is„on,nt of the greater

port! V of our country ! "

THE CANADIAN NORTH - WEST.

SrEECH DELIVERED AT WINNIPEG

(!V llrs KxrKi,i,i;xcv

THE MARQUIS OF LORNE

GOVERNOR GENERAL OF CANADA,

AFTER HIS TOUR THROUGH

MANITOBA AND THE NORTH-WEST,

DURIXU THE SUMMER OF 1881.

» ^%^ »

The unUcvml xcrdict—vxvectmiom tmrc than nctllzcd."

■ *9^ »

OTTAWA.

188K

Eatoivd according to Att of rarllimcnl, in tlie yenr one Ihousand eight lun-
(Irod iuul (>ighty-one. in tli ■ o'lire of tlie Department of Agricullme. in tin-
city ot Ol!a va.

INTRODUCTORY

LiUmo, in tljo

Tho tour of ]Iis Kxcollenry tlio Mai(|ui.s of Lorno, Governor
Ooneral of Caiuicla, througli ^Manitoba and tlu^ North-West Terri-
tories, (luring the months of July, August, ►September and October,
1881, was ^vate]led with nr -l interest hy all classes, who not
unnaturally anticipated a [jublic expression from him as to tho
[>nu'tical capabilities of that great country. Tlier.o expectations
were more than realised by JTis Excellency's utterances at a ban(]uet
tendered to him at Winnipeg by the ]S[anitoba (.'lub, on the t)th of
October, on his return ti'i}). On llie occasion of tlu; banquet, jMi". C
J. Brydges, President of the ^Manitolia C^lub, and Chief Commissioner
for tho Hudson's r)ay Company, occupi(ul the chair. He had the
(rovernor CJeneral, the guest of tho evening, on his right, also His
(jlrace Archbisho^i Tache, Consul Taylor, Senator Giraid, Dr. Schultz,
I ]\T.r., Speaker McMicken, Col. TToughton, D.A.C, and Hon. D. A.
" Smitii. On the left of the chair were Lieut. -CJovernor Cauchon, His
1 liOrdship tlie liishoj) of Rupert's Land, Chief Justice Wood, laeut.-Col.
I HeWinton, Premier Norquay, and Major Chator, A.D.C. The
I vice-chair was occu])ied by Mr. H. T. Cha.npion, and tho 2nd vice-
chair by Mr. C. W. Sweeney, JManager of the Bank of Montieal.
; During this tour the Vice-Ilegal party drove nearly 1,500 miles after
I leaving the Canada Pacific line at Portago la Prairie ; hence no

■.t

more reliable accounts could bo obtained from any traveller than
His Excellency was in a position to give, and his statements pro-
claim tiumpet-tongned that this Land of Pro;niso surpasses in
richness of soil, grandeur of scenery, and gradations of climatology,
; any other country upon the American Continent. It will be
remembered that in August, 1877 — just four years "before — Lord
Dufferin, then Governor General of the Dominion of Canada, visited

^.v

Manitoba, closely inspecting its institutions, and inquiring into the
resources of the entire Province and its surroundings. At that
time he was able to bear public testimony to the splendid prospec-
tive future of the broad territory which has since been rapidly
populated, and which to-day fulfils what appeared a few years ago
to be the dream of enthusiasts. Lord Dufferin, after returning
from his tour, said : —

'' From its geographical position, and its peculiar characteris-
" tics, INIanitoba may be regarded as the key-stone of that mighty
" arch of Sister Provinces whicli spans the continent from the
" Atlantic to the Pj!cifij. Il was here that Canada, emerging from
" her woods and forests, first gazed ui^on her rolling prairies and
'^ unexplored NorthAYest, and learnt, as by an unexpected revela-
" tion, that her historical territoi'ies of the Canadas, her eastern
" seaboards of New Brunswick, Labrador and Nova Scotia, her
" Laurentian lakes and valleys^ corn lands and ])astures, though
"• themselves more extensive than half a dozen European kingdoms,
'' were but the vestibules and ante-chambers to that, till then,
" undreamed of Dominion — whosf. illimitahle dimensions alike

" CONFOUND THE ARITHMETIC OF THE SUIIVEYOK AND THE VERIFl-
" CATION OF THE EXPLORER."

And what Lord DuflVrin s.iid in 1877, His Excellency the Marquis
of Lome lias l>een in a position to enlarge upon and verify in 1881.
From personal ins]>ection, he pronounces the lands and climate of
Manitoba and the North- West unexcelled. Fr«m personal experi-
ence, he is able to sjicak to the world at large, and vouch for the
legitimacy of Canada's claim as offering the best homes in the world
X " industrious, thrifty and willing immigrants. A favourite cry
against the North-West with those who represent rival interests is,
that the climate is highly objectionable. Lord Lome thus disposes
of this unjust and dishonest statement : —

" The heavy night dews tiiroughout the North-West keep the
" country green, when everything is burned to the south, and the
" steady winter cold, although it sounds formidable when registered
*' by the thermometer, is universally said to be far less trying than
*' the cold to b'3 encountered at the old English Puritan city of i3ost(»n,
*' in Massachusetts. It is the moisture in the atmosphere which
" makes cold tell, and the Englishman who, with the thermometer
*' at zero in his moist atmosj^here, would be shivering, would here
" find one fiannel shirt sufficient clothinsr while working."

ng into the

At that

lid prospec-

3en rapidly

V years ago

V returning

characteris-
Dhat mighty
t from the
arging from
jrairies and
;cted revela-
her eastern
Scotia, her
ires, though
1 kingdoms,
t, till then,

SIGNS ALIKE
THE VERIFl-

the ^NTarquis

•ify in lS8i.

A climate of

onal experi-

3ucli for the

in the world

avourite cry

interests is,

lus disposes

est keep the
atli, and the
■n registered

trying tlian
ty of Boston,

)here which
thermometer

would here

ig-

Referring to the country beyond Manitoba (tho North- West Terri-
tories) His Excellency says : —

" The future fortunes of the country beyond this Province
" bear directly upon its p '>sperity. Although you may not be able
" to dig four feet through the same character of black loam that
" you have here when you get to the country beyond Fort Ellice,
" yet in its main features it is the same right up to the
" forks of the Saskatchewan. I deeply regret that I was not able
" to visit Edmonton, which bids fair to rival any place in the
" North- West. Settlement is rapidly increasing there, and I met
*' at Battleford one man who had a commission from ten farmers to
" buy for them at that place. Notuing can exceed the fertility
" OR excellence of the land alono almost the whole course
" OF that great river, and, north of it, in the wide strip belting
" its banks and extending up to the Peace River, there will be
** room for a great population, whose opportunities for profitable
'* cultivation of the soil will be most enviable."

An attentive perusal of His Excellency's speech will convince every
unprejudiced mind that all indications point to Manitoba and the
North- West Territories being, at no distant day, the favourite spot
whence Old World agricultural immigrants will direct their steps on.
their arrival on the American continent. Already the tide is
beginning to flow in that direction, and there is every reason to
anticipate that there will be such an influx into that country as
was never anticipated by the most sanguine among those who looked
forward to a great future for that portion of Canada's rapidl}'-
developing Dominion. This is the more certain because no stone is
left unturned by those in authority to make the most ample provision
for providing immigrants with all possible information on their
arrival in the country.

The objective point of His Excellency's journey was the Rocky
Mountains, and he travelled by rail, 5,5G1 miles ; by waggon road,
or by trail, 1,366 miles, and by water, 1,127 miles ; or, in all, 8,054
miles.

seen s
i .slept I

your 1
should
■wliolo
gigant
growii

THE

Governor General's Speech.

'••■•••#••#■•«••■*•••••••••*•••■ ■.•••^•^■••■•■•••♦••#

His Excellency, who was veiy warnilv leceiveil, said : —

]\[r. Chairman and GENTi.i:3rEN, — I beij to thank you most
cordially for the pleasant reception you have given to nie on my
return to Winnipeg, and for the words in which you pro])osed my
health and have expressed a hope for the comi)leto recovery of the
Princess from the eflccts of that njost unfortunate accident which
took place at Ottawa. I know that the Canadian people will
always remember that it was in sharing the duties incurred in their
service that the Princess received injuries which have, I trust, only
temporarily so much impaired her health. (Applause.) Two years
lience, the journey I have undertaken v.ill be an easy one to accom-
plish throughout its length for all, while at present the facilities of
railway and steam accommodation only suffice for half of it. For a
<Janadian official knowledge of the Nortli-Wcst is indispensable. To
be ignorant of the North- West is t(.» l^e ignorant of the greater portion
of our country. (A])})lause.) Hitherto I have observed that those
who have seen it justly look down upon those who have not with a
kind of })itying contempt, which you may sometimes have observed
that they who have got u[) earlier in the morning than others and
seen some beautiful sunrise, assume towards the friends who have
slept until the sun is high in the heavens. (Laughter.) Our track,
I though it led us fai*, only enabled us to sec a very small jjortion of
your heritage now being made accessible. Had time permitted, we
should have explored the immense country which lies along the
whole course of the wonderful Saskatchewan, which, with its tvvo
gigantic branches, opens to steam navigation settlements of rapidly
growing importance. As it was, we but touched the waters of the

To be iKnnr-
.•111 1 of the N.
)V. is to bo'
ieriiorant of
till' preator
portion of our
country."'

Amicnblc in-
ternational
relations.

)ur destiny
prol)ably
similar.

north and south branches, and striking sonih-westwards availed our-
selves of the American railway lines in Montana for our return. It
was most interesting to compare the southern mountains and prairies
with our own, and not even the terrible events which have recently
cast so deep a gloom upon our neighbours, as well as on ourselves,
could 2)revent our kinsmen from showing that hospitality and
courtesy which make a visit to their country so great a pleasure.
(Loud Applause.) I am the more glad to bear witness to this cour-
tesy in tl e presence of the distinguished Consul of the United
States, who is your guest this evening, and who, in this city, so
honourably represents his country (aj)i)lause) in nothing more than
in this, that he has never misrepresented our own. (Loud applause.)
Like almost all his conn)atriots who occu])y by the suffrage of their
people official positions, he has recognizetl that fact which is happily
acknowledged by all of standing amongst ourselves, that the interests
of the British Empire and those of the United States may be ad-
vanced side by side without jealousy or fiiotion, and that the good of
the one is interwoven with the welfare of the other. (Cheers.)
Canada has recently shown that sympathy with her neighbour's grief
which becomes her, and which has been so marked throughout all
portions of our Empire. She has sorrowed with the sorrow of the
great commonwealths whose chief has been struck down, in the
fullness of his strength, in the height of his usefulness, in the
day of the universal recognition of his noble character, by
the dastard hand of the assassin. We have felt in this as
though we ourselves had suffered, for General Garfield's position
and personal worth made his own and his fellow citizens' misfortune
a catastro])he for all English speaking races. The bulletins telling
of his calm and courageous strusrcrlo against cruel and unmerited
affliction have been read and discussed by us with as strong an
adn'irafton for the man, and with as tender a sentiment for the
anxiety and misery of his family as they have been awaited and
perused in the South. It is fitting and good that this should be.
We have with the Americans not only a common descent, but a similar
position on this continent and a like probable destiny. The com-
munity of feeling reaches beyond the fellowship arising from the
personal interest attaching to the dignity of a high office sustained
with honour, and to the reverence for the tender ties of hearth and
home, sacred though these be ; for Canadians and Americans have
each a common aim and a common ideal. Though belonging to very
different political schools, and preferring to advance by very different
paths, we both desire to live only in a land of perfect liberty. (Loud
cheers.) When the order which ensures freedom is desecrated by
the cowardly rancour of the murderer, or by the tyranny of faction,
the blow touches more than one life, and strikes over a wider circle
than that where its nearer and immediate consequences are

wlio

gardf

St.

geliu(

tracts

seen

and

may

Onta

now

grea

Winil

The

i uteri

Provi

of ric

here

led our-
irn. It
prairies
recently
irselves,
Lty and
)leasure.
[lis cour-
United
city, so
ore than
nplause.)
'of their
i happily
interests
ly be ad-
le good of
(Cheers.)
jur's grief
lahout all
)W of the
I, ill the
3, in the
acter, by
1 this as
s position
nisfortune
ns telling
unmerited
strong an
it for the
raited and
should be.
it a similar
The com-
from the
sustained
learth and
icans have
ing to very
ry diflferent
:ty. (Loud
secrated by
of faction,
vider circle
uences are

apparent. The people ot the United States have been directed into
one political organization, and we are cherishing and developing
another ; but they will find no men with whom a closer and more
living sympathy with their trium))hs or with their trouble abides,
than their Canadian cousins of the Dominion. (Cheers.) Lot this
be so in the days of unborn generations, and may we never have
again to express our horror at such a deed of infamy as that whicli
has lately called forth in so s*^"iking a manner the proofs of inter-
national respect and affection. (Hear, hear.) To pa.ss to other
themes awaking no unhappy recollections you will exi)ect me to
mention a few of the impressions made uj)Oii us by what we have
seen during the last few weeks. Beautiful as are the numberless lakes
and illimitable forests of Keewatin — the land of the north wind to
tlie east of you — yet it was pbasant to " get beliind the north wind "
(laughter) and to reach your open plains. The contrast is great
between the utterly silent and shadowy solitudes of the pine and fir
forests, and the sunlit and breezy ocean of meadowlaud, voioeful with
the music of birds, which stretches onward from the neighbourhood
of your city. In Keewatin the lumber industry and mining enter-
prise can alone be looked for, and here it is impossible to imagine
any kind of work which shall not produce results equal to those
attained in any of the great cities in the workl. (Great cheering.)
Unknown a few years ago except for some differenc(!s which had
arisen amongst its people, we see Winnipeg now with a pop'dation
unanimously joining in happy concord, and rapidly lifting it to the
front rank amongst the commercial centres of the continent. We
may look in vain elsewhere for a situation so favourable and so com-
manding — many as are the fair regions of which we can boast. (Loud
cheers.) There may be some among you before wliose eyes the
whole wonderful panorama of our provinces lias passed — the ocean
garden island of Prince Edward, the magnificent valleys of the
St. John and Sussex, the marvellous country, the home of "Evan-
geline," where Blomidoii looks down on the tides of t undy and over
tracts of red soil licher tlian the weald of Kent. You may have
seen tlie fortified Paradise of Quebec, and Montreal, whoso [)rosperity
and beauty are worthy of her great St. Lawrence, and you
may have admired the well wrought and splendid Province of
Ontario, and rejoiced at the growth of her capital, Toronto, and yet
nowhere can you find a situation whose natural advantages [)romiso so
great a future as that which seems ensuied to ^Nlanitooa and to
Winnipeg, the Heart city of our Dominion. (Tremendous cheering.)
The measureless meadows which commence liere stretch without
interruption of their good soil westward to your boundary. The
Province is a green sea over which the summer winds pass in waves
of rich grasses and flowers, and on this vast extent it is only as yet
here and there that a yellow patch shows some gigantic wheat field.

Lake, prairie
iind t'i)rcst —
Keewiitin
lumbcrinB
and luiuiu^.

A frrcat future
—the Heart
of the Dom-
inion.

he anivCTS;;!
verdict—
" expcct;!-
tions inorc
iliaii rculiii-

(Loiul elicorinc;.) Like a f^'ieat net cn;st over the wliolo are tlio bunds
and clnnips of poplar wood whicli are everywhere to be met with
and which, no doubt, when the prairie fires are more carefully guard-
ed against, will, wherever they are wanted, still further adorn the
landscape, (Cheers.) The meshos of this wood-netting are never
further than twenty or thirty miles a[»art. Little hay swamps and
sparkling lakchits, teeming with wild towl, are always close at hand,
and if the surface water in some of these has alkali, excellent water
can always be had in others, and by the simple process of digging
for it a short distance bentnith the sod with a spade, the soil being so
devoid of stones that it is not even necessary to use a pick. No
wonder that uniler these circumstances we hear no croaking. Croak-
ers are very rare animals throughout Canada. It was remarked with
surprise by an Englishman accustomed to T3ritish grumbling, that
even the frogs sing instead of croaking in Canada (great cheering),
and the few letters that have a})peared speaking of disai)pointment
will be amongst the rarest autogra])hs which the next generation will
cherish in their museums. But with even the best troops of tho
best army in the world you will find a few malingerers — a few skulk-
ers. However well an action has been fought, you will hear oliicers
wiio havcbecTi engagedsay that there were some men whose idea seemed
to beihat it w.s easier to conduct themselves as became them at the
v(':\v ra.'ii r than in the front. (Laughter and applatise.) So there have
been a lew lonely and lazy voices raised in the stranger press dwell-
ing n})on your diiliculties and ignoring your triumphs. These have
ap[)eared from the ])ens of men who have failed in their own
countries and have failed here, who are born failures, and will fail,
till life fails them. (Laughter and applatise.) They are like the
soldiers who run away from the best armies seeking to spread dis-
comliture, which exists only in those things they call their minds —
(laughter) — and who retui'ning to the cities say their comrades are
([•'feated, or if they are not beaten, they should in their opinion be so.
We have found, as we expected, that their tales are not worthy the
credence even of the timid. (A[)])lause.) There was not one person
who ' mI manfully faced the first dilhculties — always fiir less than
tl ose lO be encountered in the older ])rovinces — but said that he
was getting on well and he was glad he had come, and he genei-ally
added that he believed his bit of the country must be the best,
and that he only Avii.hed his friends could have the same crood
fortune, for his expectations were more than realized. (Cheers
and laughter.) It is well to remember that the men Avho will
succeed here as in every voting community are nsually the abh>
bodied, and that their entry on their new field of labour
should be when the year is young. Men advanced in life and
coming from the old country will find their comfort best con-
sulted by the ready provided accommodation to be obtained by the

purcha
Alanitt
where
of the (
in Wi;
Abyssi
the sun
of turf
them tl
sj)end o
like the
wages
wood ar
climate
Korth-^
south, a
register!
than th
Boston,
makes C(
zero, wc
find one
. to make
, idthou<d]
lishman.
and sucl
■:-^ inhabita
2 to see
'! suRceptil
man, wh
or gig;inj
. tliat the
Edinburi
therefore
,great(^st
laine ])ut
^settled ii
;i merits o
>oted fL)v
they i>rel
is someti
large niir
present
thoughts
experien(
prtsent c

•1

bivnds
with
guard-
•n tlie
never
ps and
/ hand,
; water
ligging
eing so
k. No
Croak-
id with
ig, tluit
Bering),
ntnient
ion will
1 of thi>
V skulk-
othcers
L seemed
n at the
3re have
IS dwell-
ese have
E>ir own
mW fail,
like the
wad di.s-
niinds —
•ades are
on be so.
rthy the
Le person
ess than
that he
generally
the best,
me good
(Cheers
vho will
;hc alile-
■ labour
life and
best con-
3d by the

purchase of a farm in the old provinces. All that the settler in-
Manitoba would seem to require is, that he should look out for a locality
where thereiseithergood natural drainage,andninety-nine-hundredth3
of the country has this, and that he should be able readily to procure
in Winnipeg, or elsewhere, some light pumi»s like those used in
Abyssinia for the easy su[)ply of water from a depth of a few feet beljw Reniisitos for
the surface. Alkali in the water will never hurt his cattle, and dykes tii;ttier.^.
of turf and the planting of trees would eveiy where insure him and
them the shelter that may be required. i?500 shoidd be his own to
spend on his arrival, unless as an artisan he comes here, and linds that,
like the happy masons now to be found in Wiimipeg, he can get the
wages of a British army colonel, by putting up houses as fast as brick,
wood and mortar can be g( t together. Favourable testimony as to the
climate was everywhere given. The heavy night dews throughout the
North- West keep the country green when everything is burned to the
south, and the steady winter cold, although it sounds formiilable when
registered by the thermometer, is universally said to ue far less trying
tiian the cold to be encountered at the old Eniilish Puritan city of
Boston, in Massachusetts. It is the moisture in the atmosphere which
makes cold tell, and the Englishman who, with his thermometer at
zero, would, in his moist atmosphere, be shivering, would here
find one flannel shirt sullicient clothins' while workinij" I nevoi-like
to make com})arisons, and am always unwillingly driven to do so,
althouirh it seems to be the natural vice of the well travel l(;d Knii-
lishman. Over and over again in Canada have I been asked if such
and such a bay was not wonderfully like the Bay of Na[)les, for the
inhabitants had often been told so. I always professed to bo unable
to see the resemblance, of course entirely out of deference to the
susceptibilities of the It dian nation, Ho one of our i>arty, u .Scots-
; man, whenever in the Ilocky JNIountains he saw some grand pyramid
I or gigantic rock, ten or eleven thousand feet in height, would exclaim
-i-tliat the one was the very image of Arthur's Seat and the other of
Edinbiirgh Castle. With the fear of Ontario before my eyes I would
'^therefore never venture to compare a winter here to t!- ><(• of our
great(^st Province, but I am bound to mention that v.hen a friend of
mine ])ut the question to a i)arty of sixteen Ontario men who had
'Settled in the western portion of Manitoba, as to the com[)arative
i merits of the cold season of the two i)rovinces — fourteen of them
voted for the Manitoba climate, and only two elderly mnii said that
they preferred that of Toronto. You will, thereof ore, sec; how what
is sometimes called that veiy unequal criterion of right and justice, a
large majority, determines this question. No\v, although we are at
present in Manitoba and JNIanitoba interests may dominate our
thoughts, yet you may not object to listen for a few moments to our
experience of the country which lies further to the west. To the
present con.pany the assertion may be a bold one, but they will bo

(Jriiul scenery

Kavigation.

ti
ll

sufficiently tolerant to allow me to make it, if it goes no further, and
I, tlieieluro, say that we may seek for the main chance elsewhere
than in Main Street. The future fortunes of the country Ixiyond this
Province bear directly upon your })rosi)erity. Although you may not
be able to dig for four teet through the same character of black loam
that you have here when you get to the country beyond Fort Kllice, yet
in its main features it is the same, right up to the forks of the Sas-
katchewan. I deejjly regret that I was not able to visit Edmonton,
■which bids fuir to rival any j)lace in the North-West, bettlement
is rnpidly increasing there, and I met at Battleford one man who
alone had commissions from ten Ontario farmers to buy for them at
that })lace. Nothing can exceed the fertility and excellence of the
land along almost the whole course of that great river, and to the
north of it, in the wide strip belting its l)aiiks and extending up to
the Peace lliver, there will be room for a great })opulation whose
oj'portunities for profitable cultivation of the soil will be most
enviable. The netting of wood of winch 1 have spoken as covering
all the prairie between AVinnipeg and ]>attleford is beyond that
point drawn uj) upon the shores of the praiiie sea, and lies in masses
of fuie forest in the gigantic half circle formed by the Saskatchewan
and the Rockies. J- is only in secluded valleys, on the banks of
largo lakes, and in ri\ or bottom.s that much wood is foiind in the
Far West, ])robably owing to the ])revalence of lii-es. These are
easily ]>rev(;utible and there is no reason why plantations shoidd not
ilourish there in good situations as well as elsewhere. Befoi-e I leave
the Saskatchewan let me advert to the ease with which the steam
navigiition of that river can be vastly improved. At present there is
only one boat at all worthy of the name of a river steamer upon it, and
this steamer lies u|> during the night. A new com})any is, I am
informed, now being oj'ganized, and there is no reason why, if the
new vessels are proi)erly equipped and furnished with electric lights,
which may now be cheajjly j)rovided, they should not keep up a night
and day service, so that the settlers at Prince Albert, Edmonton, and
elsewhere may not have, during another season, to suffer great
])rivations incident to the wants of transportation which has loaded
the )>anks of Grand Rapids during the present year with freight,
awaiting steam transport. The great cretaceous coal seams at the
headwaters of the rivers rising in the Rocky Mountains or in the
neighbourhood of streams flowing towards your doors should not be
forgotten. Although you have some coal in districts nearer to you,
we should remember that on the headwaters of these streams there
is i)lenty of the same, which can be floated down to you before you
have a complete railway system. Want of time as well as a wish to
see the less vaunted ])arts of the country took me south-westward
from Battleford, over land which in many of the maps is variously
marked as consisting of arid plains or as a continuation of the

hung f

thing

Hither, and
I elHevvhere
)eyond this
:)u may not
bhick louni
tKUice, yet
of the Sas-
Edinonton,
feettlenient

man wlio
for them at
enco of the
•, and to the
iding up to
ation whose
'ill be most

as covering
beyond that
es in masses
tiska^chewan
the banks of
blind in the
These are
s shoiUd not
lefore I leave
h the steam
iseut there is
; upon it, and
tiy is, I am

why, if the
ectric lights,
ep up a night
Imonton, and

suffer great

1 has loaded
with freight,
yearns at the
ns or in the
lould not be
arer to you,
treams there

before you
as a wish to

ith-westward
is variously

lation of the

" American Desert." The newer maj)s, especially those containing
th(! exploriitions of Pi'of. IMacoiiu, Iwive conccti'd (his wholly
erroneous idea. For two days' march'— that is to say, i'm- about sixty
or seventy miles south of l>attlcford — we passed over laud whose excel- Wonilcrful
lence could not be excelled for agricultural purposes. Thence to the resources,
neighbourhood of the Ked Deer Valley the soil is lighter, but still in
my opinion in most ])lac'es good foi- grain — in any case most admii-abio
for summer [)ast>irage, and it will certainly be good also Ibr stock in
winter as soon ivs it shall pay to have some hay stored in theN'allcys,
The whole of it has been the favourite feeding ground of the butfalo.
Their tracks from watering place to watering place, nevev too far
aj)ai't from each other, were evciywh(;r(^ to be seen, while in very
many tracts their dung lay so thickly that the appearance of the
ground was only com})arable to that fan Eiiglish farm yard. Let
us hope that the eiUrcatt will not be long before tiie disappeartmce of
the buffalo on these scenes is followed In the ajjpearance of domestic
herds. The lied Deer Valley is especially remarkal)le as traversing
a country where, according to the testimony of Indian chiefs
trav(.'l]ing with us, snow never lies for more than three months, and
the heavy growth of i)oplar in the bottoms, the (piantity of the
" bull " or high cranberiy bushes, and the rich branches that
hung from the choke cherries showed us that we had come into that
part of the Dominion which among the }>lainsmen is designated as jj^w Rivor
*' Cod's ccntry." From this onward to the Jlow lliver, and thence district;
to the frontier line, the trail led through what will be om; of the most
valu(;d of our Provinces, subject as the country is to those warm
winds called the " chinooks." The settler will hardly ever use any-
thing but wheeled vehicles during winter, anil throughout a great
])ortion of the land early sowing — or fall sowing — will he all that
will be necessary to ensure him against early frosts. At ('algarry, a
])lace interesting at the present time as likely to be upon that Pacific
Railway line which will connect you with the Pacific and giv(! you
access to '' that vast shore beyond the furthest soa," tlu; slioie of
Asia, a good many small herds of cattle have been introduced within
the last few years. During this year a magnificent herd of between
six and seven thousand has been brought in, and the men who
attended them, and who came from Montana, Oregon and Texas, all
averred that their 0])inion of their new ranche was higher than that
of any with which they had been acquainted in the south. Excelhmt
crops have been raised by men who have sown not only in the river
bottoms, but also upon the so called " bench " lands or |)lateau above.
This testimony was also given by others on the way to Fort
Macleod and beyond it, thus closing most satisfactorily the song of
])iaise we had heard from [)iactical men throughout our whole
journey of 1,200 miles. Let mo advert for one moment to some
of the causes which have enabled settlers to enjoy in such peace the

Our Tmliim
poUoj'.

Tho Rockr
Momiltiin
district.

fiMiits of tlx'ir ill ustry. (Jliiot iunorii^st llioso nuist Ix; rcckoiuMl tlio
policy of kiiidiu'is.s and jnsticH' which was iiiiuii^iiriitod hy the JFud-
son's Vt.xy Coiiiitauy in their tri-atineut of th«,' Iiuliuns, 'riioirs is
Olio of tho cases in whicii a trader's association has u|)held tlic
maxim that " iionesty is tlio best policy" even wJien you ai'O (lealini;
with savages. Tin? wisdom and righteousness of their dealing on
enligiitened ])rinci|)lcs, wliicli aro fully followed out by their servants
to-day, gav(! tlu^ cue to the ( 'anadian (loverniuent. Tho Dominion
to-day through her Indian ollicers and her mounted constabidary is
showing herself tho inheritress of thes(! traditions. She lias been
fortunate in organizing the ]\roiuitod Police Force, a corps of w]ios(f
services it woidd be impossible to sjteak too highly. A ni(!ve handful
in that vast wihlerness, they have at all times shown thems(dves ready
to I'o anywhere and do anything. They have often had to act on
occasions dciDanding the combined individual [)luck and jtrudence
rarely to be found amongst any soldiery, and then; lias not been a
single occasion on whicli any nioml)er of the force has lost his
temiKir under trvino; circumstmces. or has not fulfilled his mission
.•IS a guardian of tho ])eace. Severe jctirneys in winter and dillicult
arrests have; had to bo ellecti.ul in tlu; centre of savage triljes, and
not once has the moral jjrestige, which was in reality their only
weapon, been found insuilici<'iit to coj)e with dillicuities which, in
America, have often ballled tho otVorts of whole columns of armed
men. I am glad of this op})ortunity to nanu; these men as well worthy
of Canada's regard — as sons who have well maintained her name
and iame. And, now tlv-it you ha\e had the patience to listen to
me, and w(! have cro.ssed tho Continent together, let mo advi.se you
as soon as })ossiblo to get u[) a branch hou.se, situated amongst
our Jiocky mountains, wheie, during summer, your members
may form themselves into an Alpine club, and thoroughly enjoy the
beautiful peaks and ])assesof our Alps. In the railway you will have
a beautiful i\]t})roach to the Pacific. The line, after traversing for
days tho plains, will come npon the rivei-s, whose sheltering valleys
have all much the same character. The river beds are like creat
moats m a modern fortress — you do not see them till close u))on
them. As in the glacis and i-ampi\rt of a fortress the shot can search
across the smooth surfaces above the ditch, so any winds that may
arise may sweep aci-oss the twin levels above the river fosses. The
streams run coursing along the sunken levels in these vast ditches,
which are sometimes miles in width. Sheltered by the undulating
banks, knolls or cliffs which form the margin of their excavated
bounds, are woods, generally of poplar, except in the northern and
western fir fringe. On approaching the mountains their snow caps
look like huge tents encamped along the rolling prairie. Up to this
great camp, of which a length of 150 miles is sometimes visible, the
river valleys wind in trenches, looking like the covered ways by which

not for
powerfu
minor
the nati(
of other
of that i
as citizei

IvOJUmI tlio

tlu' Hml-
Their«. is
jplicl'l tlio
Lie (lealini;
(lealini; on
ir aervimts
Doniiiuoii
tiit»ulary is
e lias b('07\
)i ot" wliosc
ore handful
;olve.s ready
(I to act oil
1 ])rudonc(»
not been a
las lost his
[lis mission
lud ditUctilt
tiihos, and
' tlicir only
;.s which, in
s of armed
well worthy
d her name
to listfn to
advise you
id amongst
members
y enjoy the
)u will have
iversiuiCj for
ing valieys
like great
close u))on
t can search
s that may
osses. The
\st ditches,
undulating
excavated
jrthern and
' snow caps
Up to this
visible, the
ys by which

siege works /ig zng 'ip to u besieged city. On a ue.irer view the camp
liiK! changes to ruined marble palaces, mid through their tremendous
walls and giant woods you will soon bo dashing on th(5 train for a
winter basking on the warm L'acilic coast. You liavi; a country whose
vahuj it would be insanity to (piestion, and which, to Judges from
the emigration taking place from tin? older Provincfs, will \n) in-
• iissolubly linked w' h them. It nujst support a vast population.
If w(! may calculate from the ))rogrcss W(^ have already mad(? in com-
l»ari:son with oui neighl>ours wo shall have uo nvisoii to fear
comparison with them (Jii the naw areas now open to us. Exclusive
of Newfoundland, we ha\o now four million four hundred Llioursand
jM'ople, and these, with the exception of the comparati\-ely small
numbers as yet in this Proviiu-e, are restri(;ted to the old area.
V(!t for th(i last ten years our increase has been over l-S ])er cent.,
whereas during the sanu; period all the New J'itigland States taken
tog'jther have shown an increases only of 15 per cent. In the last
thirty years in Ohio the increase has been Gl per cent. — Ontario has
i)e«Mi during that space of time 101 ])er cent, of increase, wliili! (Jncbe:;
hu?! increased 52 per cent. ]\[anitoba in lO vfurs has incrcasi'd L'8*J
percent., a greater rate than ar.v liithei to . ..lined, and, to iudu'o •'^i-"''!<';''."f
from this year's ex[)(n-ience, is likely to increase to an even more
wonderful degree during the following decade. Statistics are at all
times wearisome, but are not these full of hope ? Are they not facts
giving just ground for that pride in our progress whicli isconsi)icuous
among our [)eoi)le, and ample reason for our belief that the future
maybe allowed to take care of itself? They who ))our out ])ro-
phecies of change, prescril)ing medicines for a sound body, are wast-
ing their gifts and their time. It is among strangers that we hear
such theories pro})ou;ided liy destiny men. With you the word
"annexation" has in the last \ear.s only been heard in connection
with the annexation of mor territory to Manitota. I must apologize
to a Canadian audience for mentioning the word at all in any other
connection. In America the annexation of this country is disavowed
by all responsible writers. As it was well expressed to me lately, the
best men in the States desire only to annex the friendshii) and good
will of Canada, (Loud cheers.) To be sure it may Ije otherwise with
the camp followers ; they often talk as if the svv'allowing and digestion
of Canada by them were only a question of time, and of rising reason
amongst us. How far the ])0wer of the camp followei-s extends it is
not for us to determine. They have, however, shown that they are"
powerful enough to captui-e a few J^Jiglish writers, our modern
minor |)rophets wlio, in little magazine articles, are fond ot teaching
the nations how to behave, and whose words ))reach the su])eriority
of otlier countries to their own, and the proximate disnunnberment
of that Lritish Empire which has the honour to acknowledge them
as citizens. They have with our American friends of whom I speak

Uiirclialilo
writers.

piipulntivc
teuUencics.

J'orfocf froo-
iIdii) ill Citii-

i<t all events oi.o virtiH- in foiimioii, tli<y arc ;,'rnit Hpoculatois. Tii
the case ot'onr soutln'iM fVii'iids this is not a matter to l)e (Icjiloicd
by ns, for American s|i'riilaf ion has l.<'f'n of direct material hencfit
to Canada, and wo nuist rc^'n t that onr American citiz(Uis an; not
comini,' over to us so fast as are the French, the 8cotcii, the Irish,
the (jlermans, and tin* Scandinavians. MoraMy, also, it is not to he
deplored tluit such speculations are made, for thf y show that it is
thought that Canadians would form a useful thoui^li an unimpoi'tant
wini; for one of the ;,'reat parties ; and, moreover such ju-oplu'cies
clotiie with amusement " the dry hones" of discussion. Hut it is
best always to take nuMi as we find them, and not to believe that
they will lie diU'erent even if a kindly feelini,', fii'st for our.stdves, and
afterwards for then), should make us desii-e to chanj,'t^ them. Let us
rathcM' jud,L;(; frou\ th" i»ast and from the i)n!Seut than take lli<,dits,
upt^'uideil l)y experit-ucci, into the imaginary regions of the future.
Wiiat do wo find has been, and is, the teiidency of tho peoples of
this continent] Does not history show, and do not nuxU'iii and
existim,' tendencies declare, that the lines of cleavage among them lie
along the lines of latitude? Men spread from east to west, and from east
to west the political lines, which meaii tlie lines of diversity, extend
The central spaces are, and will be yet nioie, tho groat centres of
})Opulation. ('an it be imagined that the vast central hives of m(;n
will allow the eastern or west<'ni sealioard people to come between
them with separate empire, and shut them out in any degree from
full and free intercouise with the mai'kets of tho world beyoml them 1
Along tlie lin(;s of longitude no such tendencies of division exist.
The markets of the North Pole are not as yet j)roductive, and with
South America commeice is ctnuparatively small. The safest con-
clusion, if conclusions ai'o to be drawn at all, is that what has
hitherto been, will, in the nature of things, continue — that whatever
separations exist will be marked by zones of latitude. For other
evidence we must search in vain. Our county councils, the munici-
cipal corporations, the local provincial chambers, the central
Dominion l^uliament, and last, not least, a perfectly unfettered
jn-ess, an; all free channtsls for the expression of the feelings of our
citizens. Why is it that in each and all of these reflectors of tho
thouglits of men wo see nothing but detormination to keep and
develop the ])recious heritage we have in our own constitution,
so capable of any (hneloitment which the peojjle may desire. Let
ns hear (.Canadians if wa wish to speak for them. These public
bodies and the ])ublic ))ress are tluj mouthpieces of the i)eople's
mind. ]j(;t us not say for them what they never s.ay for themselves.
It is no intentional misrepresentation, I believe, which has prodnced
these curious examples of tho fact that individual prepossessions may
distort i)nbiic proofs, it reminds me of an interpretation once said to
liave been given by a bad inter])reter of a speech delivered by a savage

vaticinat
Canadiai
believe t
their fut
of })romi

itor.s. Til
) (h'jilon'il
111 l)('n<f'it
iH iiiM! not
tli»' Iiisli,
not to 1)(?
that it \H
important,
»fo|>li('oi»'.s
lint it is
'licvff that
Knives, antl
I. Lot UA
kc llij^lits,
liL' future.
)00|)le8 of
iulc'iti atul
i^ tlu'tn lio
I from cast
by, Gxtond
centroH of
'es of nuMi
10 between
Eicjree from
ond them 1
sion exist.
, and witli
safest con-
what has
■j whatever
For other
he inunici-
e central
unfettered
ngs of onr
tors of the
keep and
institution,
sire. Let
ese public
e people's
hcniselves.
s produced
ssions may
>nce said to
by a savage

(III arnl tbu

liiited

Sfateit.

wanior. who in i vvvy dignified and rxtrfnuly len'.,'thy disfour.ic ox-
|.res.s(!d the cont(!ntnient of his trilx^ witli the order and with the i,'ood
u liich had been introduced amoni^'st them by the hiw of the white man.
His .speech was loui,' enoui,di fully to iiupri'S.s with its meaniuf,' and
its truth all who took pains to listen to Jiim, ami who cor.ld under-
stand his lan;,Miage, but the interpreter had unfortuiiiitcly (^itfereut
idjas of his own, and was displeasi'd with his own iudisiduid treat-
ux'iit, and, when at last he was iisked what the ciii<'f and his council
had said in their elocpicnt orations, he turned roinid an<l only
<'xclaimcd, — ''Ho damn disi)leas(«d 1 '' (I treat lau;,diter, ) '• And whut
did his councillorH say < " "They <h>mn ilisph'used I " (Hoars of
laui,diter.) No, f,'entlenu>n, let Ciich man in public (;r literary bfe in
hoth nations do all that in him lies to cement tlifir friendship, so
rssential for their mutual welfare. Ihit this cajinot bo cemented by
the pid)lication of vain vaticinations. This great part of our great
Mmpire has a natural and warm ffeliii'' fur our renublicMU hri'tlncn .Mm mil con-
whoso fathers parted fioni us ii eentuiy ago in angrr and bloodshed. iw""i'i''(;,m'ft-
^lay this natural alleciion never die. It is lihe the love which is
borne by a younger brotlicr to an an elder, so long as the big brother
behaves handsomely and kindly. I may possil'ly know something of
the nature of su(;h aftection, for as the eldest of a round do/.'Mi I have
had ex[)erience ot the fraternal relation as exhil)ited by an un\isuiil
iiumljcr ot yoiniger brothers. Never have 1 known that fraternal
lit' to fail, but even its strength has its natural limit ; so Canada's
rttlection may be measured. None of my younger brothers, however
ibnd of me, would voluntarily ask that his pros])ects should be
altogether overshadowed and swallowetl up by mine. So C'anaihi, in
v.ortls which our neighbours may understand, wishes to lie their
IViend but does not desire to become their food. She rejoices in t\ni
big brother's strength and status, but is not anxious to nourish it by
otlering up her own body in order that it may alford him, when over
hun2:ry, that happy festival he is in the habit of calling a ''square
meal." (Loud laughter.) J must aisk you now onco moio to allow
me, gentlemen, to express my acknowledgments to you for this
entcrtairanent. It affords another indication of tlie feelings with
which the citizens of Winni[)eg regard any persoii who has the honour
as the head of the Canadian (iovenmient to represent the (^)ueen. The r.ovcrnor
(Cheers.) You recognize in the Governor (general the sign and .«.vmi)oI of
symbol of the union which binds together in one thofrc^oand kindred
])eo[)les whom God has set over famous Isles and over fertile s[)aces
of mighty continents. I have touclied in speaking to you on certain
vaticinations and certain advice gi^'en by a few good strangers to
(Amadians on the subject of the future of Canada. Gentlemen, J
believe that Canadians are well able to ta'e cure of themselves, of
their future, and the outsitle world had better listen to them instead
of i)romulgating weak and wild theories of its own. (Loud applause.)

uuion.

Jouthem Man-
itobii.

But, however unctrtAin, and, I may add, foolish, may be such fore-
casts, of one thing we may be sure, wliich is this, that the country
you call Canada, and which your sons and your children's children
will be proud to know by that name, is a land which will be a land
of power among the nations. (Cheers.) Mistress of a zone of ter-
ritory favourable for the maintenance of a numerous and homogenous
whit» ])opulation, Canada must, to judge from the increase in her
strength during the past, and from the many and vast opportunities for
the growth of that strength in her new Provinces in the luture^be great
and worthy her position on tlie earth. Affording the best and safest
higliway between Asia and Europe, she will see traffic from both
directed to her coasts. With a hand upon either ocean she will
gather from each for the beneiit of her hardy millions a large share
of the commerce of the world. To the east and to the west she will
pour forth of her abundance, her treasures of food and the riches of
her mines and cf her forests, demanded of her by the less fortunate of
mankind. I esteem those men favoured indeed who, in however
sligl)t a degree, have had the honour or may yet bo called upon to
take part in the councils of the statesmen who in the early era of her
history are moulding this nation's laws in tlio forms approved by its
representatives. For me, I feel that I can be ambitious of no higher
title than to be known as one who administered its Government in
thorough sympathy with the hopes and asperations cf its first founders,
and in perfect consonance with the will of its free parliament. (Cheers.)
f ask for no better lot than to be remembered by its people as rejoicing
in the gladness born of their independence and of their loyalty. I de-
sire no other reputation than that which may belong to him who sees
liisown dearest wishes in process of fulfilment in their certain progress,
in their undisturbed peace, and in their ripening grandeur. His
Excellency concluded by proposing the health of Mr. Brydges, who
was, he said, equally at home as the King of the Fur Traders, the
King of a Eaihvay, or the King of a Club. (Applause. 1 I ask you
to drink to his health in flov/ing bumpers.

Mr. Brydges, in responding, begged to thank His Excellency most
warmly for the very land manner in w^hich he had proposed the
toast. It might be interesting to His Excellency to hear something
of the country which he travelled over before he mci His Excellency
at Qu'Appelle, and which was through what is known as Southern
Manitoba, passing through the Mennonice reserve, Pembina Afoun-
tain, and the Turtle JMountain, towards the Souris River. That was
a different route to the one followed by His Excellency to Qu'Appelle,
where they met. Tliat country 1 found to be teeming with a large
and industrious population. I found farms there of an exfce?-«t which
would rival any 1 am acquainted with in the Province of Ontario.
[ saw farms of wheat ready for the reaper, and many of them in the
lfttt«il part of my journey Weing gathered into stacks waiting to be

) such fore-
he country
's children
be a land
Dne of ter-
Lomogenous
ease in her
[•tunities for
are^he great
t and safest
c from both
an she will
large share
rest she will
tie riches of
fortunate of
in however
led upon to
ly era of her
•oved by its
of no higher
v^ernment in
rst founders,
[it. (Cheers.)
e as rejoicing
yalty. I de-
lim who sees
ain progress,
ndeur. His
L'ydges, who
Traders, the
I ask you

jellency most
proposed the
ir something
is Excellency
as Southern
bina Moun-
. That was
Qu'Appelle,
with a large
extent which
of Ontario,
them in the
raiting to be

throahed nthtv for the consumption of the people of this country or
to be carried beyond its borders to feed the population of the old
world. In many places I was surprised to find that I could count
with the eye twenty farm houses in sight atone time, suriounded by
fields glowing with the harvest which they were about to reap, (Loud
cheers.) I was told by many of the farmers that tliey were unable
to break as much land an they were desirovis to break, because they
could not get the products to the mai-kets of the world, and I found
tliis statement amongst them all — that they only wanted the facilities
of railway communication to enable them largely to increase what
they were already growing, and to transport it to a distfinco. (Cheer-
ing.) I became satisfied from what 1 saw and heard that a railway
would not only be of immense importance to the development of the
country, but it would pay those who jmt their capital into the con-
struction of the railway so much required. (Applaiise.) I may say
after what has fallen from His Excellency I do not think it would be
uninteresting to him to hear that the company I have the honour to
represent in this country is endeavouring to do its share in dissemi-
nating information among the older countries of the world as to this
country. (Cheers.) It used to be rather a reproach to the Hudson
Bay Company that they desired to keep this land a
prf^serve to carry on fur trading, and I have no doubt
that, like a great many others, they, to some extent, were
actuated by selfish motives ; but w^e all see now that the time has
come when this country must be opened up and peopled, (Cheers.)
We have a large estate in this country to administer, and have
taken most active steps to explain to the people on the other side of
the Atlantic the advantages which will accrue to them from planting
their lot here. (Cheers.) So far as we are concerned, I am hajjpy
to say that these efforts have been productive of very satisfactory
results. (Cheers.) The Canadian Pacific Railway are taking steps
similar to ours, and we are both working in harmony on that
question. And it may be interesting to state that so great has been
the desire by emigrants coming into this country from old Canada,
England, Scotland, Ireland, Germany and Scandinavia, to buy land,
that the Hudson's Bay Company have sold to actual settlers upwards
of forty thousand acres of land during the last two months, all of
which I believe are now in possession of the parties who have
bought and who have been willing to pay an average price to possess
that land at rather more than $5 an aero. (Loud cheering.) lean
only say, so far as the company I represent is concerned, that we
shall continue in the path I have described, and that we shall do our
utmost to induce people to see the advantages oflered to them in this
country, and I am glad to see that we are being joined by the Cana-
dian Pacific Railway Company in our efforts in this direction.
(Applause.) I think that one of the jjjre&tfist inducements and

Harmonioui
action on
land quei-
Liun.

lie Pacific
Railway and
ts construc-
tion.

incentives to the settlement of this country is the rapid construction
of railway lines throughout its funning lands; (Applause.) It is quite
impossible that we can expect peojjle will come into this country and
settle amongst us unless they are to be provided with those means of
communication which so largely and admirably exist to the south of
us. That country, the United States, has shown a most wonderful
and unraistakeabie energy in settling their western country, much of
which now teems with hai)))y populaiions. It is our lot to emulate
them or, at any rate, to follow in the steps which they have shown
us ought to be followed, and I am glad to see the Canadian Pacific
"Railway Company are doing what is required with an energy which
1 know exists, and must and will carry out to a successful issue the
measures which sire necessary to make this country a great and
happy agricultural community, (Cheers.) I believe it would bo
interesting to us, and T know it is thn desire of His Excellency, to
liear what the C. V. \l. have done and what they are about to do in
order to accomplish the results which I am (piite satisfied will follow
from their efforts, and I trust, therefore, that I shall not be consid-
ered as going beyond the list of toasts which were placed in my
hands if i ask you to drink an additional one, and thus give us an
opportunity of hearing from our friend Mr. Donald V. Smith, one of
the directors of the Canadian Pacific Railway Company, some
account of wliat we have done and intend to do in order to aid the
operations of the Ciovernmeut and other parties in filling up this
great countrj'. I tlioi-efore ask you to join me in drinking prosperity
to the C-anadian Pacific Ptailv.'ay Company, coupling it with the
name of the ITon. Donald A. Smith. (Great cheering.)

The toast having been enthusiastically drunk,

Hon. D. a. vSmitii, on rising, v/as received with long continued
ap])lause. He said : Mr. Chairman, Your Excellency and
Gentlemen, — On behalf of the Pacific Piailway Company and of my
colleagues in the direciion of that corporation, I beg to thank you
for the very coivlial mention now made with respect to it. I had
hoped on coming to this very pleasant meeting this evening that one
of the gentlemen more immediately connecte'i with the administra
tion here of the aflairs of the Canadian Pacific Railway Company
would have responded to this toast. 1. communicated with one and
the other, but found it was their desire also that I should make any
few ol)servations to 1)0 made here now. You will all understand —
for I speak now before gentlemen who are not only amongst the
most intelligent to be found in this comnmnity, which is a more than
ordinary intelligent one, but who are also men of business habits,
and who know how business afiairs ought to be conducted, and it is
hardly necessary for me to say before them that in the initiation of
such a large schenif>, I. think I may call it a vast undertaking, as that
of constructing a I'ailway to the Pacific there were a good many
ditliculties to be overcome, but having undertaken the work mv friends

one

nfstrucfcion
It is quite
untry and
3 means of
e so\itli of
wonderful
y, much of
to emulate
ave shown
ian Pacific
M'gy which
i\ issue the
<xreat and
would bo
;elloncy, to
ut to do in
will follow
; be consid-
iced in my
give us an
Liith, one of
»any, some
r to aid the
ng up this
; prosperity
t with the

g continued

,LENCY AND

■f and of my
thank you
► it. I had
[ng that one
administra
ly Company
dth one and
d make any
iderstand —
i.mongst the
a more than
iness habits,
ied, and it is
initiation of
iking, as that
good many
k mv friend!^;

connected with the company determined they should carry it out
manfully and honestly, that they should go to it with heart and
hand, and fulfil as far as it was within their power to accomplish the
Just expectations of the Canadian people. (Loud cheers.) 1 presume
it is customary, as well here as in other parts' of the world, that
peo])le look somewhat to the main chance. (Laughter.) They look
on business with a practical eye, but at the same time I ain -sery
s>u'e that my associates in the Canadian Pacific Piailwav did not
regard it solely in that light. They considered that it would be an
honour and privilege to them, and a matter that they could look
hack (ipon with great gratification (great cheering), that thoy had
heen instrumental in opening up this great North-West country.
(Renewed cheering.) To those who know some of these gentlemen
T need hardly say that they are practical business men, such as Mr.
yto[)hen, his colleagues in this country, and Messrs. Morton, Rose it
Co., and otliers of liigh standing in England and on the continent of
Europe. But as the hour is very nearly at hand which his Excel-
hjncy had determined on for leaving us (His Excellency — " No I no !
go on! go on!) I will not detain you further than a very few
minutes. What you desire to know is the progress already made
with the lailway and what are the prospects in the immediate future.
Well, I have learnt from those who have the ponduct of affairs here
that .at this moment they have 150 miles, that is, some eight mil^s
beyond Brandon, completed, of which they have actually constructed
120 miles, and that before the close of this season there will be at
least 200 miles completed and in running order. (Tremendous
applause.) Besides some 150 miles of branch line there will be this
present year an additional 200 miles of the main line graded, and
arrangements have been made for going on as far as possible
throughout the winter with the work. (Great applause.) So far as
regards the future during the next year the hope, the expectation,
indeed, is that something between 500 and GOO miles, and more
likely upwards of 600 miles, will have been laid and if possible in
running order, and from this you will see it will not take a very
long time to reach the Rocky Mountains, of which we have heard so
eloquently from Hu Excellency. (Great applause.) Now, with refer-
ence to the land department : I have heard from the land commissioner
who so ably represents the company — and I may here be permitted
to say that the gentlemen who .epresont the other departments
also do so with much ability — that up to this time there have been
applications for at least a million acres of land for intending settlers
(great cheers), of wiiich already a considerable portion has passed
into their hands ; and that, further, there have been many persons —
parties of gentlemen from England — who have come to request that
one, two and three townships should bo reserv^ed till next spring, so
that they might make arrangements in Europe for sending outseL.lcrs,
and, T may add, settlers of the very best class. And then of the

A tribute to
His Excel-

Iciicy .

future bejond the next year ! I have already aaitl that fchoae gentle-
men in the direction of the railway, my associates, are practical men
of business. T may, parhaps, be permitted to be personal for one
moment and to say that in 1878, when there were agood many skeptics
amongst us as to our having railway communication at all in the
Province, I ventui-etl to give the assurance, as one interested in the
St. Paul and Manitoba Eailway, that the line, then 100 miles distant
from our frontier, would be completed and the trains running on it
into Winnipeg by the close of that year. (Loud cheers.) This
promise, as you all know, was fulfilled, and I trust that I shall be as
liappy a prophet in announcing my belief on this occasion that therv!
will be at least GOO miles of railway built next year, and that by the
close of the year following the Canadian Pacific Railway will have
reached the Rocky Mountains. Then I trust we shall have the very
great pleasure of seeing amongst us His Excellency once more and that
we shall have the high honour and proud satisfaction — a satisfaction
which will be most cordially joined in not only by every gentlemiii
here assembled, but by everyone now within the province and the
territories of the North-West, as well as by those many thousands
who will in the meantime be drawn hither in great measure from ilv,
publication of the knowledge communicated to the outside world
through the medium of the eloquent address we have heard from His
Excellency this eA-ening — that by the close of two years from this wo
shall have the high honour and very great satisfaction of wafting His
Excellency, and along with him Her Royal Highness, we sincerely
trust fully restored to health and strength, to the Rocky Mountains
in a railway carriage, so that they may be enabled to look down
together from one of the peaks of those mountains over a country
which is not to be surpassed — to have a bird's eye view of a country
teeming with wealth, and capable of producing not only grain in the
greatest abundance, but beef and mutton of the very best quality-
such an extent of fine agricultural land in one unbroken stretch as
can nowhere else be surveyed from any one place either on this
continent or any other part of the world of which we have any know-
ledge. (Great cheering.) And now, gentlemen, I beg to thank you
for the kind and cordial manner in which you have been good enough
to receive the mention of my name. (Great cheering.)

The health of the Lieut. Governor was then proposed.

His Honour i'esj)onded briefly, and in the course of his remarks
stated that so highly did he think of the country he had made up his
mind to live and die in it.

By this time the hour of His Excellency's departure had arrived,
and, as he left, the members of the club, v/ith one accord, sprang ti
their feet and greeted him with peals of cheering, a fitting ackuow
ledgement of the long and laborious journey undertaken by His
Excellency from an exalted sense of duty and an unselfish desire to
serve the best interests of the country over which he rules,

»se gentle-
tical men
\\ for ono
y skeptics
all in t,he
:ed in the
.les distant
ning on it
rs.) This
shall be as
that theiv
that by the

will have
ve the very
Dre and that
satisfaction

gentlem in
ice and the
f thousands
ire from tlio
tside world
Lrd from His
from this wo
wafting His
we sincerely
f Mountains
look down
or a country
of a country
r grain in the
est quality-
en stretch as
ither on this
ive any know
to thank you
a good enougli

3sed.

of his remarks |

.d made up his |

re had arriveil,
cord, sprang ti
itting acknow
f taken by Hi^
jlfish desire to
rul«».