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Those too large to be entirely included in one expoaure are filmed beginning in the upper left hand corner, left to right and top to bottom, aa many frames as required. The following diagrama illuatrate the method: Lea cartea, planchea, tableaux, etc.. peuvent Atre filmte A dee taux de rMuction diffdrents. Lorsque le document est trop grand pour Atre reproduit en un seul clich6, il est filmA d partir de Tangle suptbrieur gauche, de gauche i droite, et de haut en baa, en prenant le nombre d'images nicessaira. Las diagrammes suivants illustrent la mAthode. 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 MICROCOPY RESOIUTION TEST CHARf {ANSI and ISO TEST CHART No. 2) ^ APPL I ED I IVMGE Jr ^r-^ IC53 East Main Street S^S Roctiestir, New York 14609 USA — ("6) 482 - 0300 - Phone ^S ("6) 268- 5989 - Fok :-* mmmmES U. C;i:MIi)B fi 'Q^\ f ! ..;■* k^ *^1 +4' SK. >K ;:>&: ,:>K;;m: m-M: Mm MM M M-mM M. mm^mmm -»;■ M' M ^*" w $ ^^ Q Its Prominent Places e j People ^ ^ Representative Merchants and Manufacturers ^ Its Improvements, Progress -' Enterprise § IIjXjXJSTR,A.TE3r) THE RAILWAY AND STEAMSHIP PUBLISHING COMPANY OF TORONTO (LIMITHD) fxjbljIshbr-s, 1 eso ZZH PARI lAMENT BUILDINGS In progress of construction. Located in Queen's Park, Tor WFMTwnniH HiSTrn^'^n Occiety onto. Ab«ll,John,. Adair tiros , Adanit, W. ^ Allan Maiiiif American W, Anderson, < it Alias Assuffl donald, a^c Badgeruw, t' ManuTuctu naird llros., i liters, Win., Jtenja^lin,^l, hardware, i BUckliurn, Desks illachlurd, II Hooth, Ceo. i Uooth & Son, founders, e British Ameri British Canai Co., H. lo British Kniin anceCo.,J.| Brown Bros, book mnrrs. Brown, Wm., Browne, A. Painter . . , . Burns, John, I Butland Musi* Campliell, F. . Canada I'erni Co., J. H. .V Canadian Pho Canadian Rul mngr Carrie, K., sto Catto, John i household ni Clayson it \,o\ Clow, William Club l.ivery ar Cobban Manul Cochran, KoIh Commercial Ui _ Wickens, gei Confederation K.Macdonal Cook, Wm. \ i chemists Copp, Clark &( sale, and mar ;oulter & Cam etc !ros»m.-in, K.A. •avidson,Pro''., cure lavies, Wm. & 'ean, 'I'homas, >ewdney, A. 1 jeirellery >iehl, G. L. & 'ixon, F. E. & and Cott.ir. H; lixon, S. J., phi 'ominion Hors( ment GS w'r .i -»■ "?>o«li''ivj. m Toronto. INDEX (TTV OF TORONTO Ad«ni», W. C, Uentist.. ,' .'.',■.'.' j J Allan Manufacturing Co. . , 1311 American Watch Case Co ".'..'. yi AndBriion,(ieo., Jr.,. Accountant, «ic. i;{| Al a« Assurance Cc, WooU * Mac- donalil, agents j)| lladgcniw, rakoner llunded VincKar Manufaclurinu Co ()0 lUird llros., (Jalvani/ed Ironi!.,. ' Ilg ll«r«, W,n., Uullder I'AOI ley, miigr >" I Vale Conih Works ..■.;.' S I ijvercoiTl Iwine MilU t:o '.['.' im ha»t 1 orurito I'laninu Mill, Wiihrow * Hillock iv] Em|)re^» Hotel j Jj llenjamin,M.S: I.. Samuel A Co., imp, hardware, metals, chemicals, etc Illic'"-'"'. J. M„ & Co.. Office Dtisk B3| Morphy, F. M., .Son & Co.. manf,,'.'*''' and imp. of jewellery 1,^ Mil ,son, (icorcr, viteconsul.. . . . 7(J National Assuiunce Co. of Ireland WomI lit MiicdonaM, nmlerwritrrs.' (« New World Uniform Colleciinfi Co . lifll NiaKara Navigation Co., John Koy wholeiale dealers, jllachl>,rd. H. S: C, Ijoots and ihoe.. Hooth, ( ;eo. & Son, Painters Hooth Ik Son, coppersmiths and brass lounders, etc British American Dyeing Co.i /■'"''.V*""'"*" '-""" '*' Inves'lment Co., H. I'omlinson, inngr British Kmpire Mutual Life Assur- ance Co.,J. K.& A.W.Smith, agents llrown Uros, wholesale stationers, book miifrs, etc uq Brown, Wm., carriage hardwara.'! ! ' 02 Browne, A. M., House and Sign Painter ,«,, liurns, John, Carriage Worlls." ". '.'.'.'. [ 133 Butland Music Store [to Campbell, K. A., veteiinary surgeon! !« Canada Permanent Loan & Savings Co., J. II. Mason, mngr 7/5 Canadian Photo Kngraving Bureau .' IK) Canadian Rubber Co., J. H. Walker novelties, etc. t -nkel Hros., »<- 'O irm, etc. . w 'v't,''"?" '''i Savings Co/ Hon. ri. S. Wood, mngr (.eddes, W. A., wharfinger, forwarder and ticket acent piM'?."'J'7,f»." * <-■<>., ■AssiRnees.; 9 llelt, v.. W. Manfr. & Importer .. l>las){OW (4 London Ins. Co., Mes 01 I 106 I 107 I 8(1 j 132 1 132 1 mug. director Nighiinnale, 'I'hos., brick manfr. . . Inu North llrilish Sc Mercantile Ins. Co., <>oocli & Lvans »g Ontario Foundry 1,30 Ontario {lalv.ini«d In n and iCopMr Works "^ jju Ontario Straw Ooods Manufacturing Co.. Ltd * Ontario Terra Cotia, llrii k nil j Se» - Pipe Co., Lid Park, James ti Son, Pork Packers! Patterson, H., Cider Mi m 00 aniifacturer. . F..hey * BrvanVg;;;. aie'n'ir.::"".- lOfi vZT "•°-' "'"' ''""' '"°'" (.rahnm Kile Works .... m i.!..". . lOU ICU iti 77 06 89 103 00 82 08 00 101 UO 87 110 iin mngr, Carrie, R., storage Catto, John & Co., imp. ii'lkV and household iiapery. m aSJ;r°(il^il;^"yi;.t!;;^'"-''- fijiLathan & Lo;^: Club Livery and Hoarding Stabies .. Ul Cobban Manufacturing Co Cochran, Roliert, stockbroker. .iV,"",*"'"' ^'"'0" Assurance C()..'r' Wickens, gen. mngr Confederation Life Assurance Co.. J K. Macdonald, mngr Cook, Wm. V. & Co., dispen.sinB chemists Copp, Clark & Co., pubiish'ers, whole- sale, and manufacturers stationeiv. 83 Miter & Campbell, Brass Founders ,.,«'<: iM .rossman, K. A., & Son, potrait artists 137 Davidson,Pro'-.,chiropodistandmani. *•**,'* in/t ■lZ"\>u"'- & Co.. Pork Packers ! ! 120 ean, 1 homas, brass founder. .. . 0.15 je^i,ni;'y.'':"-*"'°^-'""^"-°f !; fehl, G L & Co.. M'frs.Mante'N:: 115 ixon. s". }'.. photogrtpher.' .'"■■."" im iominion Horse Shoeing Establish- meat. * ,. (ireen, W. H., Hairdresser . . . (.ullett F. H., Monumental Works, t.utta Percha Kublier Mfg. Co.. •Hamilton, Wm, H., Son & Co .manfrs, and wholesale boots and shoes . Harts Co., Stationers ()' Headquarters European Restaurant. 130 Hewlett Manufacturing Co . Hornshaw. Wm., lilacksmiih .'.'.'.'.'.'. Howland, H S., Son & Co., hardware Imperial l-ire Ins. Co., A. W. Smith. Imiierial Loan & Investment Co. . . . Jackman, Henry, Bill Poster Kay, John, Son * Co., carpets, oil- cloths, etc King, J. n. & Co., Mfrs. Boots and Shoes Lake View Hotel, Jolin Ayre' '.'.'.'.'.'.. 125 Lnthan & Lowo, manfrs. overalls siurts, etc Law son, Edward, Tea Merchant!! Lear, R. H., fJas Fixtures Lever Bros., Ltd., Mfrs. .Soap... Lloyd, R. J., Caterer . ■" London Guarantee & Accident Co.! A. r. McCord.aijent Lye, E. S Son, Church Organs'.! ' ' McCormack Bros,, wholesale and re- tail grocers, wines and liquors. 91 McUowall, Wm., Sporting Goods... 1.^ McLean, A. J., merchant tailor lOfi McLean, Dr. C. S., Den'ist 117 Maguire, Wm., Sewer Pipes . lO] Map & School Supply Co ' 82 Mara & Co.. grocers and wine mer- 101 102 111 128 101 m 1.12 83 97 in, J. P., Wood Carver 1|U Peiichen, A. (i. Co., Ltd., Mfr. Paints, Varnishes, etc ! Phoenix Fire Assurance, Lewis Mof! fait & Co., agents I^ueen City Livery ii!'""" ''o'el. McGaw & Winnett, j Ritchie, J., Plumber Robertson Bros., wholesale confec- lloners Ross, John, manu'acturers' aVe'nt... Kowsell& Hutchison, Publishers. Royal Photograph and Enlarging Art Hiudiii Si. (anies' Hotel. ..... ....'..','.'.'.''.'.' Shefrield Hou.se Importing Co . ! ! ! ! ! .Shipway Manufacturing Co .„ Simpson, Jo«., Knitting Works ! iu Smith Bros., Carri.-ne Manufacturers 118 Smith, C. &Co., mnfifiv of steam engines, etc jqj Staines, IL, Horse Sh,.er, etc.'..!!!! 140 Standard Foundry Co 139 Standish & Reid, Billiard 'Table Manufacturers 124 Star Life Assurance .Society! A. D. Perry, mngr Steel Bros., seeds tuu 86 110 87 lU 106 97 120 131 13S 103 125 chants Marshall, R., Florist ... Matthews, J. K., Mfr. etc Meadows, S., Plumber!!!.! Metropole Hotel, John McGory Awnings, 107 114 117 127 123 Michie 4 Co., GroreriM, Wjney! '~V!d Liquors...." .—..-... Milne, John & Co.. Hoiise'Fu'r'nish'- 'ngs 13. ^'°'':, & McCall, carpenters ' and builders on 105 -., - - on Steward, G.T., Bookbinder "" 115 Stott, W., upholstery ! m S«i.ss Steam Laundry 138 Tecumseth House, H. H. Clarke...! 122 P he Ammonia Co.. of Toronto 126 I he Art Metropole ng The Hall Flectric Light Co.. Pheiiis Johiisor, i,''-. 81 The Canadian jlomestead Loan and Savings Association 109 I he Canadian Mutual Aid Associa- tion, W. Pemberton Page, secy. andmngr yg The Dodge Wood Split Pulley Co.! Samuel May, Esq.. pres... ._. I "^ Leader Sample Koonii, L. Sulli- van The Lion Provident & Live Stock As- sociation, Wm. Jones, sec The Manufacturers' Accident Co., j! B. Carlile, Esq., mng. director ?8 103 78 87 j f INDEX CITY OF TORONTO— Continued. 1 he Manufaclurers Life Ins. Co., J. ,„ B. Carlile, I>,|., miit;. director. ... 87 I he Metropolitan Life Ins. Co., Wni, , '• Penny, supt 85 1 he I oronto (jeneral Trusts Co 129 'Iidy. S. & .Son, Florists 117 Toronto Hilliard Table Co 102 Toronto Husiness College, J. M. i Crowly, propr Kij) Toronto Cabinet Co 131 Toronto Mercantile and Collecting Agency. J. R. K. Winters & Co. . . 92 Toronto Packing-Case Kactory,Kirst- I brook Hros 79 I Toronto Picket Wire Fence Co.'.. . ... 121 i To onto Silver Plate Co 10!» i Toronto Steam Laundry |;J0 Tozer, William, lilll I'o.ster Ho Underwood, fohn & Co., Manufact- uring Chemists 127 Virtue, George, imp. and publisher of standard and fine art serial , ublication< 92 Washington, T. E., Keal Estate ..'.'. 118 Western Assurance Co II3 I'AliR Whitf, Geo. & Son, Fringe Manfrs. 123 Woodbridue, T. & Co., imps, and wholesale dealers saddlery, hard- ware (J8 Wyld, (Irasctt St Darling, Wholesale llry-Ooods i)g Yorke, Lionel, builder and con ractor 85 BANKS Canadian Hank of Commerce 03 Dominion Hank 8,5 Home .Savings & Loan Co.. Lid. .... m Imperial Dank fti Merchants' Hank 83 Molsons Hank (J4 Ontario Hanli fig Traders' Hank (15 Union Bank gj ARCHITliCrS, ETC. Abrey & Tyrrell fig Armstrong, I. H 72 Denison & King 72 I ARCHITECTS, ETC. iAf;K 1 Fowler, J, \ (j8 Oali, John '..'....'..'.'..... 72 (lambier, Bousfield (57 Gibson & Simpson ..... 60 ( iood, C. E 72 (!ray, J. VV .'■'; 71 Hall, Mark gg Harper, George K ffi Jarvis, E. H 75 Logan & Kankin fig McLennan, Stuart & Chapman 71 Miller, G. M flj ( >gilvie, Robert 7] Palmer, F 70 Paull, H. G " oa Price, G. F. VV '.'...'.'.'.'.'. 70 Raeside, Wm ;q Speight & Van Nostrnnd 71 Soroatt & Pearson (Jg Unwin, Foster & Proudfoot .. .. 71 Wagner, C. F ','. gg Walton, C. A 70 Watson, F. B ' [', 70 Windeyer, R. C 07 WEST TORONTO JUNCTION -.. I'AUK Bigham.G., livery 148 Bull, J. A.,mnfr. carriage and wag- ^,8°" 150 Clemens, S. M J47 Custom Planing Mill, J. Grant . .... U7 DBne& Merry, lumber, lath, shingles, etc 151 Davisville and Carlton Brick Mfg. Co it<} Ellis, J. A., architect 150 '''*"K Garrett Bros., grocers Uj) Going & Healon, barristers '. . 151 Hall, James, roofer 143 lleydon, F., dry-goods iHQ Holtby Bros., plumbers 151 Hoover & Jackson, real estate, in.s., , ,«"; U5 Hepinstall, Wm., jeweller 144 KolisI ;y, H., tailor 147 Law, H. T. &Co.,real estate, insur- ance, etc i4(} Mason, Chas., brick mnfr. Occidental Hotel, C. A. Kelly . . . Pacific Market, J. & J. Woo.lings.. Railroad & Junction Shoe Store.. Robinson, Geo., baker Wagner, j. P. & Co., planing mills Wright, C. " '■ ■ 118 152 14(! 119 152 . 148 & Co., druggists and sta- tionery 151 a species ' of publi.sli of these p The and liberi question a Equally 11 direction, I the would _^ you!i£ nia Britain ha of that I CHJTKCT.>, ETC. im.e * 08 ousfleld 07 impson ' 6H ••■' 72 71 ^ fiO orge R 67 '■•,■.• 70 »"kin 69 Stuart & Chapman 71 ;' 67 l«" 71 70 68 W 70 '"••■•, 70 'an Nostrnnd 71 'carson 6g tcr & Proudfoot .... 1 71 <■' 68 *^ 70 «•■ 70 *.C 07 & Co., real estate, insur- ■••;•;••••••; lie s., briik mnfr U8 Hotel, C. A. Kelly 152 :et, ]. & J. Woo.lings.... U6 Juiiciion .Shoe Store 140 eo., baker 152 P. & Co., planing mills.. 118 i Co., drugsists and sla- 161 The Dominion of Canada 1608 1888 PREFATORY REVIEW. lT.s Elements of We.vlth. Maxi-f.^ctckino Industrie.s and Aoriculturai Production.s, Etc. HK 8tea,lily it.creasing population of .. Old Country, and ti.e fields of in.U.stry an.l enterprise which in ,so many I.ranohes of trade, owing to improved labour-saving machinery and the importation.s of other countries, have become so restricted, cause vast nun.bers to look to the colonies of Great Britain for that field of labour which is practically denied then, at home, or is so crowded and circ«m«cribee has advanced in a similar i>ath and the would-be emigrant unconsciously follows the immortal advice of Horace Greeley "Go west I,"' = '■' """• ■"" ''^^ '" ^'''~ ^^"ostom coiituiciit of America. Though Great Britain has possessions in all parts of the globe, it is to Canada that most look for the establishment of that new home over the seas, and the reasons are patent. The Dominion is within oomparatively easy access, the rates for passage are very low, the diflForence in life and climate is not so marked as is generally supjwsed, while as a land of resources Canada oflTers inducements 10 THE DOMINION OF CANADA, which cannot readily be duplicated. The history of this country is in a great measure made up of her individual settlers and of the five millions of people who are now spread over this vast extent of territory. Many thousands came here, both in early youth an.l in middle age, who, without any means, have nevertheless, by the exercise of indomitable energy and perserverance, attained an independence, and in many cases affluence. This is especially the case with tenant farmers from Britain. Never in the history of English farming have bad years so successively and for so long a continuation followed the efforts of the agriculturist at home, yet to him at all times Canada opens up her boundless tracks of rich and fertile soil, which are simply awaiting the plough of the pioneer. It is true that some hardships may at first have to be encountered, but the certain hope of independence is .sufficient to sustain the mind under all temporary privations. The settler here sees the time fast approaching when the wilderness to him shall be "a fruitful field, and the . desert shall blossom as the rose," when the productive soil shall gratefully yield an ample reward to liis toils. The emigration from European countries has in the last few decades constituted an exodus which has formed a remarkable feature in modern history, and no better emigration agents are in the field than those who have settled here, and have by practical experience benefited by the change of country, and who now urge friends and relations to throw off the ties of a long association and find here a new home, with every hope of .prosperity and success. Statistics 8ho^v that during the last twelve years al)out two and a-half millions of people have emigrated from an.l through Great Britain, and there is at present no signs of any decrease in numbers. Many of tiiese have permanently located m Canada, and a fact, which in this connection is an important one, as illustrating the prosperity here attained, is that large sums of money -in one year amounting to over .S10,000,000-are annually transmitted to the Old Country to prepay the passages of friends to enable them also to emigrate The consideration of clie right classes who should emigrate is an important factor, as it cannot be denied that many, by specious promises and false statements of emigration agents and other interested parties, are induce.l to emigrate to Canada who are both unfit and undesirable settlers. Canada is essentially an agricultural country ; her riches are the result of the illimitable resources of her fertile soil. Hence there is primarily a steady demand for the tiller of the land ; this demand has ever exceeded the supply, and the inducements offered to the farm labourer cannot be excelled in any country. There has ever been a great scarcity of female domestic servants, and such find here immediate employment and remunerative wages. It is more diflScult to speak collectively of mechanics and artisans. In seasons of special activity there is steady employment, at good -^^ages, for carpenters, joiners and bricklayers, but there are periods at which work is difficult to obtain '• highly skilled labour finds, however, a ready market, and the completion of the Canadian Pacific Railway should develop new industries in the North-West. In a general way the various mann- factories, which in all our cities and towns are in some branch or other engaged in active operation, make a demand for immigrant labour, while the timber, fishing and mineral resources of the Dominion all attract their due proportion of labour and enterprise. eat measure made up of id over this vast extent die age, who, without ierverance, attained an h tenant farmers from isively and for so long a »11 times Canada opens ng the plough of the , but the certain hope ions. The settler here fruitful field, and the yield an ample reward constituted an exources of the Dominion THE *. )MINION OF CANADA. A DESCRIPTIVE AND HISTORICAL REVIEW OK — THE DOMINWX, ITS LEADING FEATURES, CHARACTERISTICS, AND NATURAL RESOURCES, TOGETHER WITH BRIEF SKETCHES OF ITS REPRE SENTATIVE INDUSTRIES AND PROMINENT CITIZENS. As the Silurian and Laurentian rock-be.ls stretch under the seas from the motherland to Canada, so do the firm bonds of mutual interest and brotherly affection cause the two peoples to stand together Zl\r^t " TT ^"^""^ °"«"'' " '^°'""'"" P^*^^'^"* P"''l'"-' -'tl^ «q-l hopes of a prohtable and inseparable future alliance. Amongst the numerous colonial possessions of Great Britain, Canada has long ranked as the brightest gem in the Imperial diadem, and as emigration from the Old Country is especially directed towards her ever inviting shores, the history of the Dominion is of more general interest in an in.lividual sense than that of other and more distant colonies. The honour of discovering that portion of North America afterwards calle.l Canada is con- sidered to belong to .John Cabot and his son Sebastian, both Italians, who, two years after the discoveries of Columbus became known in England, received a conunission from Henry Vll to discover a north-west passage to the East Indies or China. In the year 1407 these adventurers sailed with SIX ships, and in .June of the same year discovered the coast of Newfoundland. Pursuintr their course they reached Labrador, which they erroneously believed to be part of the In.lian continent, from which mistake the natives of this country have continuously been styled Indians Here their researches seeme.l to have ceased ; an.l having taken possession of the territory in the name of the king, they rfitiirned to Enijland. It is, however, to Jacjues Cartier, an able navigator, of St, Malo, France, that the honour of piercing the interior of Canada belongs. He, in 1.534, took command of an expedition to the western world, and entering the Gulf of St. Lawrence, lande.l at what is now (Jaspe Bay, where he planted the French flag, erecting a large cross with a shield bearing the arms of France. ll__ THE DOMINION OF CANADA. The origin of the name of Canada is involved in mucli ob«oi,r,>v ...TT. different authorities vary considerably. One author «a^!^^.A„!!TrV """"*' "' "" that the Sp.„.rds visited these coasts before th ; I.ch and hZL ne ", '"'"'"" "''^' mines or riches, they exclaimed frequently, < Acanada ' iZ^t^Z:7Z£r::;^:TT ''^ caught up the sound, and when other Europeans arrived repeated it to th T, " " eluded tiiat these words were ^ *^""' ^''^ strangers con- a designation, and from tliat time this magnificent country bore the name of Canada," Charlevoix, however, gives a different derivation, and sup- posed the name to have origin- ated from the Indian word " Kannata," signifying a collec- tion of huts, which is most probably the true origin of the title since given to the whole country. In 1542 Cartier returned to France, -„,,^„ r , where he soon afterwards died, .and for ZTL no furtl^er action was t.ken in regard to this vast territory, which his enterprise had gained the many men who had aided m moulding the fortunes and destinies of Canada-Samuel de Cham- i liiul the accounts of tlie astilian tradition existetj Brceived no appearance of ia nothing ') ; the natives Jin. The strangers con- lars, Quchcc. ich is most probably the title since given to er returned to France, ?rwftrda died, and for enterprise had gained le most remarkable of la— Samnel de Cham- THE DOMINION OF CANADA, — — — — _ 13 of ^Wre; he was a hero of the me^"a':t ;,'':' '"'' "'""^ "^ ^^^^ ^-^«-. ""<'- Henry and inspired by religious enth„sia«n.. Tie 3 ^^o s„ U 'b " """f' '"" °'' '•""'"""^' ^^-PHse band of hardy adventurers, under the com la :fc;i'"'"'''^' '"''"' '"'^^ "^*^«" '°-> »>- "^ was, however, a fruitless one in discJcX" 1 1"' '^'"" "" ^*'"-"'>' '^^P ' *'-- voyage were the object of their search, and Zy" l^rt u^ ^ TZir'' *^"" ^"^'"'"^ ■'^^'-^ ''^ Champlan. was aga^n u member, „„der the con.ml d ' sL. v """" ''^"'•'*''"' "^ -■-'h rega power, started out. and gaining the Ba^oT; n L a l;: T "'" ^''' '""'"'' ''- coast, near the present .site of St John on which H f^len.ent was founded on the n.ain ..»..«»... eH„,„,,,«. ,,_,.— --;;~^^^ The Pioneer's Cabin. r™.., which .g.i„ i„ ,m „„ ,„«h.r mILm TT \ '; "«"«.t.iy .r,i,..,i ,„„, voyager of to-dav will find the f«at..,r-- f *», settlement. Proceednig up that noble riv.r ^i-r gradually soften, parti'cularly tolr, "the South'''''; t"' f "^ """''* ^'^^ rough and nigged pretty and picturesque settlLn*: Ig uH ;r ^ n^ "''^""" "^'"^ ■"^^^^-' ^■'^" -"y divides the river into two narrow chanLs he ', ""''"' "" '^"""' °^ «••'--' -'-h banks, upon the summit of whil he Ti p.^ r^LT ^ T ' '""^ ^"^ o" ^ts northern wm percene the flag and fortifications of the high-soated 14 THE DOMINION OF CANADA. .«tabliHhea fact. Cha.npLn cl Id h "*;'''"'""""* °^ *"« "'-"^h "> Canada became a„ timoof,..deat,U„,635' ThJco „; o^ ''^ '"^-* -".e.nent up to t,.e hard for its welfare, sacrificing ZuTllTZal'' Z ^^^''^^'^^^^ >-« "« '-^ '""oured enthusiasm and pursued with h.trepid ^e sS cv w'r '.' \T' '" ' """ ^"''^''"'^'^ "•^»' the opening period of -New Francl.' i„ ibJ'.h t "' "' ""•" ^»'"'^f' -l^ie. closed ...arked the arrival of the Ursuline nuns who „ ,T'*f ^°"'^' ''"' ^"""'^^''' ^''"'^ l^^O popular education. VS'ithin the pr cine „f .H ""' *" '''"'"' "'^•'''""'"*' --«*«"<-- to Montealm,whofeinntheeventfu[::r:frS.:T2:^^^ °^ '^ -"- I I usu i In tow pen facti and View from the VUwId, QacUc, overlookinrj the St. Lawrence. It was not till 1665, when the wise policy of Louis XIV institute.l . H ^n any substantial progress in the new settlement was made Llr is It T ^"T™*' "-* cattle, and young women for wives were dispatched in , , '"\r''''""' "''^' ^""•«««' ^''^^P' thousand persons' had landed at ^i;^Z^ Z^"^'"' ^"' ^" "^ --" ^^ ^^^^ two to remove ref.se a^dt:: 7t::tz:z:'''^:j':!;::L '"' T' "-'''' ''- '- '-" -'- o'clock. Smoking in the streets was Z. d/ exception, were ordered ho.ueatnine required to provL them^es wrh\Sf ^r.^^^^^^^^ ^^''-' «- — '"o'^-s were person ,„, ^ ,„ ,, _ ,-dan«e; withtlkllsrkrZfur^" ""' """ The infant colony did not get through its early years without trouble Th» v v , . may be said to be that of kCity." gilt in number, landed and ench in Canada became an nfant settlement up to the even years he had laboured to a cause embraced with this faithful soldiei closed waH founded, while 1039 er invaluable assistance to ;he remains of the gallant 13, IToO. THE DOMINION OF CANADA, r:;^SirP^rr3:: ^^^r-^-•— ^^ - very mateH. assistance. I tower of strength, and a Z^ ^^ fTthTp e^h uTr^'^^^'^ ;'^"''' ''"^ '""*^'^"'« ^^'-'^ <^ After the disastrous i' ^ t e Vjis u ^ S^^^^^^ period of unbroken tranquility, during wS t.n e I^ "" ''''' "" '^"'""^ "'J''^'^'^ "^ '""« factures slowly progressed! ^' ''°'"'"«''^«' agriculture a.-d general manu- andru:!:^:s;^:i;;s"::;rir;r ,etan.ed Canada, Cape Breton and some fishery rights in t! eGulf toyal Government, that nal care, horses, sheep, le season more than two )lice regulations. Each eforehis hoii- and also ire ordered hoi'ie at nine ire ; householders were 18 rung all abie-1 odied I of water. The New Englanders a tustle. The Indians of St. Lawrence, leaving still dang ling between the two rivals that everlasting apple of discord, the question of the boundaries. The year 1759, by the results It led to, is one of the most memorable in Canadian annals. Under the French donjination Canada was more a military than an agricultural colony ; during time of war the various settlements were a little more than a chain of barracks ; while the more mercantile and agri- cultural settlements on the Bri- tish-now the American— side of the St. Lawrence and the Vieiv "rom the Citwhl, Quebec. IG THE DOMINION OF CANADA, expe.htion-the arrival Lefore tl.e town the atta..U f H "^"r ^''^ '"'*^' "'oulents of the bo„.banln,ent from Point Levi, th ol di ' u 1 .h H \\ T' *'"-' ''''''"'' ''* ^'-*"— y, the the death of the two heroic lead L t I L ? I Si ^ S-t,""'^"""« ^'^^ '""'^ ''^ ^'^'^ ^'•'^^-• French, and the arrival of the FnJlish Z '""'^ "^ '^*- ^°y«' *''*' "^iS" by the mind with the eager interesfof ^ 1 ~ 7' '^ T" f ^7**-^*"-'-""« --'« which ,le J the the .no. «.ilf„l hand, and for thri^^Iir ^C:: JT^-t.^^.^^^^ " ^"^' ^"-' ^^ event, will be forever men>orahle. Any one who visi t. t. , '^'''^ '^"^'"»- *»»« "^tors and the thi« glorioua fight-equally rich in nt 1^1 .\ ' """*"' ^'"'"'' °^ ^^'•^'"^■"' *'- *<-"« of could be founfl better ada d ^ Xtrfh': iT' 7-"-"°—-" -^^-t that no «ite exertion of physicial force and detcrn Z v2 r Vl " T" / '*"" *"'" ""' '"^'^'P"-' -' '^^^ -f.teofCa„ada.wa.however.dea^L::;-— :in^^^ ■J ^allc, vilzh liat 1 louli laano f sue Iwelt [stone IMOtiv which T repre.H Willi Siege of Quebec. 1750. hundred and fifty years the white flag of Frare^hafl" ,"/« *',"''' "'''^ '"' "o- than one St. George ; a Hanoverian sovereign, who held la t n , ""' "°^ '''"''^'^ '^^ '^"^""^^ "^ Williamtha Norman, was now caS on by o l^^^^^^ ^''^^"^ l^'^ '^°"'^"'^^* of England by many of these mysterious teachings ' ' °'"" " ^°""*" '=°'°»y- History has ; the i::;::^.'";; t^^r n ist^^::;:- r ^' ^^^^-^-"^ --- - - battlen^ents. and cluster aro„nH it^ b.ott'efi-M ^^"^ '*' ^'^'^''^ '""^^ '^"'1 •'°»'-v important in the eyes of the world. History "snelurr""''"'' "'"'^ '"^'"^w^^ns. -vre numerous and every standpoint of its surroundings ■ antiaLv is ,t '","'''' '*"" °^ '** '-ined walls and from eharaeteristic. ^ ' "'"'*^ '^ '*'^'"P«^ "P°» **« face, and quaintness is its chi.f exists a universi pleasant of the re Nea the fortr grass-co\ it was in came on place wh and its u Legislatv Quel remarkal • identified with tiie renown ■y of this period will always tie varied incidents of the lefeat at Montmorency, the »m, the battle of the Plains, •r St. Poye, the seige by the ing events which jtossess the reat game of war, played by io drama, the actors and the ins of Abraham, the scene of ns-will admit that no site ' skill and discipline, or tlie glish, which forever settled t Wolfe iit tile very moment THE DOMINION OF CAN.\DA. 17 'ialzburg, Venice and Ouel 1 >*'""''' "'"'"" "' *''" ^■"'••'•" •^*^«"«' P''»8"«' Edinburgh. >i.o..ia be made „ g t e . ^f^Z^'r ''T'''"!"^' " «-"'-"-' ^'-" *'"^ terrace a cirl.it .umonofapastage 1 e.l to t, ^'^ '7 ""'"'* •^">''— ^ ns, are numerous and ruined walls and from A quaintness is its chi^f The Citadel, Quebec. Legis7at'rre. "'"" "" '"""■^""" '"" P-liame„t buildings of the Provincial re^'ttr ".r";''"^'^ *''« ^'^^'''t- "f British An>erica, the strength of its citadel and its remarkable position for a full command of the St. Lawrence below, and the country ar^^l ^^^'j^ 18 J^^^i>MlNlON OF CANADA i entitling it to this aniHillatinn 'ii , . ~ ^ ' ' ~— i -nt. ,_ . .i:r;..zrT:ri:::!::: '^ -- -.-. -<. t^e ....„...„, i. one of the happiest under the nun. Thee iH o 2 a ""'".^ '" "'" "°-'''- T"*' •""-' "'"' l""-"- ""*'*"*• ''''y """'»tic influence being health v The whole- of what is now known as the D • i . / limits are probably not all pern.anentlyHxe.l. fT ttle""""'' '" f""' "'*° ^™^'"'-- -'">- ....stance, an.ong those which originally forme.l Wolfe's Cove, near Quebec. part of the Confederation, it is possible tl.af V o • "'*"*• -'«■ Prince E.^, L " "l" ^-.^f "" "T*-. « «» o< .H. tontoe-t gr..l .p.... h„. !„» „^..,.h„-^*^ ' *'' "»ly-"«<«l country „, ,,,. n....... ,'»""•'■ "*''c '««" "••"> ""h Kcpirii; aino view pron alon( can j the have defec J one f I those '■ peopl J tariffs fand c intere in tht ADA out fia.OOO, while the .urroun.li,,,. ">ery in the woH.i. The clin.at, y climatic influence being healthy i« «livi.led into Province.s, H-h„«, >« those which originally formed THE DOMINION OF CANADA 19 l>ig, hHve kej.t to the original lines marked out for them wlien much of their laml was unexploietl forest or un- known prairie. Tlie Amedcann gave in the »>eginning th.' title of " Sovereign " States to the n;cml)ers of their Union and it was a moot point whether a State had or liad not the right to secede from the Fed. ration, diHas- trouM as such a proccedijig niUHt prove to nutioiuil life. That i«)int was settled in favour of national autonomy by the civil war which ratjcd between the North and Soutii from 18«1 to 18(i,-). The Canadians, wlien tiiey dre-v up their scheme of Fe.leration, were careful to elinunate as far as iJossible tli. danger wliich might spring from weak- iicHs of the Central I'ower. Tliey provided fully for local rul<' and for a National Govaniment. Each I'rovhicial (iovermnent was given full power to make laws for the education of cliildren, for the niannev in which property sliould be lield and devolve, and for the raisinj; of revenue ior local purposes. Xo individual Province can arm and maintain tror.ps, lay on export or import .luties, control navigation, or make a railway l)cy„nd its own borders, witliout Federal autiiority. Lont L.n>.,l , <„„•,,.,„..,„„<,„, ''^'"' ^''""" ""' ""' '"'""«''* ""^"''^ '" " ''^y- ^t Mas • the result of Jong and anxious discussion. It was born of the necessity t., liave greater common strength, not against an enemy, but against the "npotency inseparable from disorganization. Hallway an.l navigation works were wante.l and isolated colonies could not execute them. But there was much opposition. Many in the French rovince did not like the plan, fearing that it niiglit .liminish the security of the treaty rights of the .•rench for the preservation of their laws, lanyuage an.l institutions. Nova Scotia, too had a .^trong party against the proposal. Prince Kdward Island only joined her sisters after they had jomed han.ls, an.l Newfoundland ims consistently kept to her resolve to remain alone. But the nghts of all who joined, or may join, are carefully guarded. Quebec was made tlio " Pivot Province," in that she had a certain number of representatives, and the representation of the others was based on the numbers siie sent. Regarding this Union tlieie were many misgi\ings among some of Quel)ee's worthiest sons, l)ut tlieir gloomy \ icws were met by the firm and confident language of a 'lominent French Canadian statesman. " If we remain me, "he exclaimed, "we can aspire to no position, we can give rein to no ambition as a people. We have at tlic present time as many syscems of judicature as we ^ 'lave Provinces ; with Confederation, on the contrary, this I defect will be removed, and there will be but two systems, jone for lower Canada, because our laws are diflferent from' those of the other Provinces, because we are a separate "sw.ck,oroneofthem,mayIl>eople There are also now as many different Btl country of the Cpntroi i tariffs a.<.t.hfii-B<..«.rii(r„ *r._...; 11-,., .^, -— "— - ••"•■•'V1IICC3 asmanycommercwl them With people their ■'"'d customs regulations as Provinces. Currency and the n wheth' T 'V' '""""' I-"*'':'* °" "'""'^^ ''' '''" ''^"''''^ ''y diff"e"t systems n, Whether they be -mall or |in the several Provinces. But with Confederation all *"" -""'t^'' .''^.-,^"'""<'. ^■^'^■< so ll liili^MINlON OP CANAD. '^'""^'"'J f'" Jt'>r>'l«. L,„-I„nv tliese matters Hf.iild l.n iiikI.m' f (,„ , * i , 1 P-e he. iepenaence is a lessening fear ev n^I ' 1 '''"'^"" """ ""'""• «-' ''"-- will soon h. .„«t.t«tio..s she has kept to Z .„„ae, ^^I^I^ZIZ ""l" '•^^"""■^'""'^^■""""K P-iitici,. of the .Sovereign n. the Governor-General. who is ..ou.ul o I *^""" ^'"'•" '« ""^ -f^entutivJ tO'.representin«ehe.aJ„Htyofthe„ou;ofa..:r:t:;;Z^^^^^^ yai suppo. t. It ,s his duty to use his moral j Ipnlat (I phj ^SitSIb^^^ r* :L ^%. V' inter Amuiementt.— Curling. II>.\, THE DOMINK.x oF CANADA. 21 Bl«*»*- ^"^SJliStpii'. ,v« Pariiamcut JiuilUini/t, Ottana—Wtit Jilijck. hifltivr.t.. n 'h hU Mliiistor for wh»t I , iciivcn to Ih) till' public gWMJi but Ilia opinion h» ex- prenictl to them must remain un luanl Iwyon.l the Council ChiMu- ''er. Whore he at.,.» Jangor to the Imperiftl connection, it in ».\m, liiH .JHty to iiMik.- known hiii viewN; |)frlmp.i, if ofcasioii ir,,iii,x.„ it, t„ H hirger iinUience. There i« « Si'.mt... having thrattributcH, but Imnlly the xti.ngth, ofth.- Brttisli House of r.or.U ; and tlu-re ia tlio I'eoplt.'H AHMomb'y, th, lion.,, o( ConnnoUN, uhoseii i,y a I„„ 1,,^ not universal Huffrage. Tli,. num. her in the popular Iioumc u ,it preg. cut !21'.'. The debutes in the Commona iliapjay great tolent, pn.ationi« forsenic ability more frequently shown than , .n« rV^^rc,;:!;?" '' *"^ .'Iphy'^'ft'is are perhaps in a nittioritv in tln-un ii ,• . '^ '^'-"'-" '-'"""""' ■<• Lawyers 'io... Her alliance win .„o„ b..|« fainted on the floor o'f the Hon ^m h i:: r '' T'l " ^"1'' ''"' ""*"' """ ' *"« "— «pon.sibility,,ati„g politician. i" their n.edioal assistance , Most o 1 lov e , ' 7^ rf . ' "'""^ '"^'""' '" *° '••"''«'• • Th .reistherepresentativJ.. "«me,y Ontario, is content with o Tl J 2 :" '" '" :7^' "'""'"^"' ^'"-' '^'"^^"'^l""- ^n■ler..ivin..,...^...„..J.,e continous belt of populated territory /t etJl rn'^h^^^^^^^ """'''"" ""' '"'^ " re their nun.ber,s will be sparse are those !l . L a "7" " T'"""^- '''"^' ""'■ ^^^""'"■^ .cuities the country pre js to an enen;;;;;:f :;:,::::-: ^;^^^^^^^^ ', first, tne region alouK the north of f„L. «. «»■"".» ot settlers. These tw,, tracts, lainsoftheRoc^yMount^ir: th SelLanV^^r^^^^^^^^^^^ ''"''''1'' ^""' ""-« *"" ^l- triple a«t the severer temiwatures^f the CentlaclLnt ™"«-> "'"»-* from the n.ild ,-aeitic If we compare the capa- itie.s Canada shows for the ksession of a continuous belt ! population from sea to sea, [th the capacity of any given It of the United .States, and ■etching across from the ;lantic to the FaciHc, we dl find that the compari 1 is favourable to tin ■thevulMid. Although what maps call "the great uerican Desert" has been Dved to be in many places lable of settlement and cul- -ation, yet there are vast taces on any given line from nada presents to the world th." ual ruler, giving to the Minis-, It is his duty to use his moraH '- *"• vrast ill the Uuiied tes which cannot be profit- used. There is an aridity IJepartmental Buildingi, Ottawa- West Block. 22 THE DOMINION OF CANADA which defies the agrioul- turist, if he cannot procure water sufficient for irriga- tion. There is nothing more curious in the physical pro- blems of any country tlian that furnished by some of *.he great plains of America. It seems as though the whole surface was being raised and dessicated. There is evidence enough that in remote ages there was an abundance of water in these parched regions. To the south the sands of New Mexico, Southerji Califor- nia and Arizona are the sands of an old sea bottom. In Wisconsin the country, now bare and dry, shows rzircz ':■:;; ":ii— ±:;rr r™' °' °"' "■""«" ■" "•• ■-• -■«• •- 1 not proceeded so far. Tliere are drv on..i,t , 7 • , evidently in progress, it ha, eent.1 Province of the Canarii:\C:Z:r:;:^Z:^.^r H """"^' ^'- and n general far to the south of this limit, the moisture is ev dlt t^ Z "! '^T "'^^'"'H until beyond the North Saskatchewan the moisture is .reat ^,0,^1 m '";7''"''^« "^ *''« grasses,! forest which clothes in a wide Hat uch thp wT f. ^ '"PP°''* *''" '^"'"^ 8''°^t'> "^ Ai through an almost unb Jk™ t t t le „ . ""'"'' ''''°" ''" ^"*"""'= "^^'*'- ^'--^-e, bdt, the L anadians have a territory which should support 4O,0(JO.O00 of people. It Iias a varying .lepth of from 450 f to 100 miles, and in all parts of it the climatej has been proved to be most healtliy. Little was known of the Northern Newj World until a comparatively recent date. | Within the niemoryof middle-aged men, Chicago . ««s tlie frontier post o.' civilization. Maps com piled by French geographers in the seventeenti, ^ r'""*y "I'i^^'i ^«'uld have made '^■^ • ■ '• "•'*'^T^m1I1^Bi' ' 'iiiB^B» \^ ^^^B '"'" ^° '*'''°'^ ^'■'"" t'^*-" 'loctrine of minis- terial responsibility. Ho faced a riotous mob in order to give Executive sancticm to tJie measures of his Government, and from that day pure constitutional (iovern- nient, and with it a freedom unknown else- where on the American continent, lias ntca, rs in tlie land, proved tliat Bs. On tlie other hand, to videi.tly in progress, it ha, frontier of Assiuiboia, tlu lewan valleys are reache luxuriance of tlie grasses, lort the dense growth of firj ibarctic circle. Therefore, should support 40,000,0(K)j arying deptli of from 45(» all parts of it the clinmti most liealthy. n of the Northern Ne« parativeiy recent date, middle-aged men, Chicago civilization. Maps com jphers in the seventeentli ! country west of Hudson ' and indefinite ocean, en placed " New Soutli aledonia," while no one France " was all the St be sure tlie New Eng s, and were determine! it they never succeeded 1 see tliat everytliiug to F C.ifornia is marked as | fie the ignorance of C'ali- View at Thousand Inlands. innid its home in Canada. Froni that time great works lave been un.lertaken by a people recognizing each year iiore and more tlie necessity and use of union. The ntercoloniai Railway, binding Nova Scotia and New '^^:^^rl !!rJ:'T "^-^•.'^-f-^ ■^ «■■-* ^-t of .. o^er portion of the country. ™t.n, the Atlanfc and Pachc, with other lines, have been undertaken by the young nation 24 THE DOMINION OF CANADA. Immense labour has been bestowed on the creation and deepening of canals and river cliannels The prosperity of tlie country and its vast undeveloped resources have combined to attract emigrants to an extent heretofore unknown. Tlie numbers of the emigrants have risen of late from 40 ()00 pei annum to 100,000 and l.S."),0()0. The Dominion of Canada occupies the northern half of the continent of North America. It has a territory of about the extent of Europe, and larger than that of the United States without Alaska The Soutliern frontier of Manitoba and the North- West Territory, if extended across the Atlantic Ocean, would stnke the continent of Europe a little below the latitude of Paris ; while the southern part of the Province of Ontario is as far south as the latitude of Rome. Canada is therefore tht physical equivalent on the continent of America of the great empires an.l kingdoms of Italy, France Belgium, Germany, Austria, tlie I3riti.sh Islands, Russia in Europe, and Sweden and Norway.' From east to west it stretches fron. the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean, and from the southern latitudes above stated to the arctic circle. Very large portions of this great territory are cultivable ; and those portions not cultivable are rich in mineral wealth. The proportion of cultivable land in the Dominion, suited to the productions of the temperate zones, is quite as large as that of the United States. It possesses the largest extent of land yet open for settlement adapted to the growth of the grasses, cereals, and other protluctions of tlie temperate climates, not only on the continent, but in the world. It has many thousands of square miles of the finest forests on the continent, and many thousands of square miles of the most fertile prairie land. Its rivers and lakes form one of the most remarkable physical features of the continent. This water system furnislies important facilities for comunication ; and the course of the St. Lawrence is in the line of the slmrtest sailing circle acro.ss tb.e At.l-.nt.J.-. Tlie same favourable coudition prevail. on the west coast, from the terminus of the Pacific Railway across the Pacific Ocean to the markets of China, Japan and also to Australia. Coupled with these important commercial conditions, there is the fact that tiie Canadian Pacific Railway crosses the continent on the shortest line througii the fertile belt, and at the " gate " of the Rocky Mountains, crossing tiiem on immensely more favourable ^m THE DOMINION OF CANADA, 25 ,1s and river channels, id to attract emigrant,-; of late from 40,()00 per h America. It has a itates without Alaska, led across the Atlantic 8 ; while the southern 'ana^a is therefore the loins of Italy, France, and Norway, ind from tlie southern conditions, both as respects grades and curves than the line of railway which reaches the Pacific coast at San Francisco. As at present constituted, it is divided into seven Provinces, viz. ; Nova Scotia, New Bruns- wick, Prince Edward Island, Quebec, Ontario, Manitoba and British (Jolun.bia, together with the vast extent of North-West Territory, out of which the Districts of Assiniboia, Alberta, Saskatche. wan and Athabasca, have been formed ; districts which will in the near future become great "Provinces of the Dominion, each having a territory as large as a European kingdom or empire. Canada has fisheries of almcst boundless extent, both on its Atlantic and Pacific coasts, which are without equals on the continent, or, it is believed, in the world. It has coal fields of immense extent on both its Atlantic and Pacific coasts ; and there are large deposits beneath the surface of its prairie lands east of the Rocky Mountains. It has also iron, gold, silver, copper, lead, and other mines of great richness, including petroleum and salt ; together with almost every description of stone and granite and other valuable building materials. 3ns not cultivable lin- ed to the productions 88 the largest extsnt other productions of and many thousands the continent. 'I'hi.s of the St. Lawrence jle eoiiditioii prevails san to the markets of .1 conditions, there is est line through the sely more favourable A Pioneer Farm. It has great variety of climates, from the arctic to that of almost the most southern of the temperate zones. The climates of the settled portions of the Dominion, and of the lands open for settlement, are among the most pleasant and healthy in the world, and favourable to the highest ■ development of human energy. Tlie Dominion of Canada must, therefore, from these facts, become i in the not distant future the home of one of the most populous and powerful peoples of the earth ; ; wliile to the European immigrant, of whatever nationality, it offers an inlieritance rich in resources and fruitful in products. Canada seems especially fitted to supply the United Kingdom with much of the farm produce i that is neoe.saary for her to import. The older Provinces exnort horses, beef mutton, bsitt^^.r r.hpf;=» and fruits as their leading staples from the field and the garden, while Manitoba and the North- West export wheat and other grains. Large ranches liave also been successfully establislied on the great crass lands at the base of the Rooky Mountains, and when these oome into full play their products will be enormous. The cattle can be driven to the nearest railway stations, which are not more ill 20 THE DOMINION OF CANADA, ill distant from the Atlantic sea-ports than are those railways in the United States, West and South west, wliich now successfully bring cattle ria Chicago to the Atlantic porta for export to Great liritain. The general healthfulness of climate, and favourable conditions for feeding all kinds of stock, which prevail in the older Provinces of Ontario, Quebec, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia and Princ' Edward Island, as well as what may be called the new North- West, leave no room for doubt that Canada is capable of supplying the needs of the Mother Country, as respects supplies of horses, cattle and sheep. It is to be remarked, however, that .since the beginning of this export trade, there have been marked improvements in stock, by the importation of Sliorthorii, Polled Angus, Hereford and other varieties. The success which has attended various well-known establishments in the Dominion devoted to the rearing of thoroughbred stock, is sufficient guarantee of the proHt able nature of the enterprise which is yet comparatively in its infancy. ■ beginnii ' been pl( natural Lei house hi extensiv cases on I twenty - 4 oulties ; I I'aying : equally hundred is not si] A Homestead Farm. The soil of Canada may be said to be the source of her greatest wealth and strength. Her forest lands, her smiling farms, and her rich and vast rolling prairies, make the attraction she oflFer.. for the agriculturist. There may be more scientific farming in England and in Scotland than in Canada. EnglisI, high farmers would find in Canada much that they would consider very rough work ; but there ai exceptions of highly cultivated farms. In the Province of Ontario there is a School of Agriculture connected with a model farm, at which scientific and practical agriculture is taught. Tliere are alsol model farms in the Province of Quebec. The result is a marked improvement of late years in tlu style of farming in some parts of the country. But there is much to be done yet in this direction. In „ too many instance.s the land is merely sci-atched over ; and it speaks well for the character of the soilfl and ciinuite that under such adverse circumstances such excellent yields are obtained. It has ben hitherto found that what we may call pioneer farming, that is, taking from the soil in the rougheM and readiest manner what it will produce, is more profitable than higher farnung with its more coBtlv appliances of labour and fertilisiers. But in the older portion of the country this state of things i^ evenmg c unable to The sensibly farmers v In cc years ago twenty j Previous cattle we settler's never be opinion \ States, West and 8outli orts for export to Great eeJing all kinds of stock, Nova Scotia and Princf i 'e no room for doubt that j pects supplies of horses, ig of this export trade, liorthorn, Polled Angus, ell- known establishment- guarantee of the proKt THE DOMINION OF CANADA. 27 beginning to change. The sufficient reason for its existence in tiie past lias been that the land h been plentiful, cheap and virgin, while, on the otlier hand, labour has been dear. It was, tlierufoiv, natural to take the most from the land at the least cost and labour. Let a new comer in Canada go into a farming district, and call at ti>u Hrst large, coM.fortal)lo house he may meet with, surrounded with well-tilled fields, herds of sleek cattle, great barns and extensive stables, all showing evidence of prosperity. Upon asking the owner's experience, in niiiL- cases out of ten the reply to this would be that he came from the Old Country fifteen, twenty or twenty-five years ago, with an empty pocket ; that in his ea 'y days he had to struggle witli diffi- culties ; but found his laboars rewarded with success, and ultimately crowned with independence Paying no rent, an.l owning no master, he has educated and settled his cl-ildren around him in equally favourable conditions with liis own. This is not an isolated case ; it is the experience of hundreds and thousands of men. For the agricultural labourer who comes to Canaila, the (juestion is not simply what wages he may earn, but to wluvt position of independence he can attain in tlie 1th and strength. H.i the attraction she oflV r- m in Canada. Engli.sl, igh work ; but tliere an a School of Agricultun tauglit. Tliere are alu !nt of late years in tli. et in this direction, li the character of the sci obtained. It has be< i the soil in the roughe: ing with its more costlv y this state of things i; Ontario Thoroughbred Sheep Farm. i evening of his life ; in contrast to that possible goal in the Mother Country, if he should become ;| unable to work with his accustomed vigour— the workhouse. I The opening up and successful carrying on of the export of cattle trade with England has I sensibly changed, in many cases, the ciiaracter of the farming in Canada ; and this is well, for I farmers who had begun to overcrop the soil, in constantly producing cereals. In comparing Canada's present standing as a stock-breeding country with her standing twenty \ cars ago. we find that her progress in this direction has been most lemarkable. It is little over twenty years since the first herd of English thoroughbred shorthorns 'vas brought to Canada, i'l-fivinus Uy that time very littlo .aftentinn had been paid to stock-raising. In many iiistances cattle were allowed to look after themselves, and for market purposes they added very little to the settler's income. It wa, the opinion of many persons in those days that stock-breeding could never be successfully carried on in Canada. Tiie experience of the last few years shows that that oiiinion was an error. Thougli the number of farmers who have ventured on the experiment of 28 THE DOMINION OF CANADA. stock-breeding, on a large scale, is not great, the test has been most thorough and complete in both Ontario and Quebec, and part of the Maritime Provinces, and the result satisfactory It may now be stated with confi.lence that the collection of cattl. at the great stock-breedinK farms of Canada is among the most valuable in the world. It is n.ade up of the very best bloo.l of the bovine aristocracy of England. Not many years ago there were no pure herds in the country except the small species of cow in the French part of Lower Canada, which were brought in chiefly from Bretagne. and possess the milking characteristics of the Alderneys. To-day there are in Canada many herds of the best English breeds, with a pure and unbroken record extending back many generations. It is a fact, established beyond all doubt, that the famous shorthorns of England not only do well in Canada, but that the character of the stock actually i.nproves in the new country In not a few instances the offspring of stock taken out from England has been carried over to the Mother Country and sold at high prices. At a recent sale in England a three-yearold bull, which brought Hi the extraordinary price of threo thousand six hundred guineas, was of Canadian breed. The herds to be seen at the Provincial and other Exhibitions are the wonder and admiration of experienced English stookmasters. The growing of fruit, as well for home consumption as for exportation, is a very imnortant industry in Canada, and one which excites the wonder of many new-comers. People who have been accustomed to think of Canada-as described in the words of the French king before the ce.ssion- as " a few acres of snow," are at first incredulous as to the extent and excellence of the fruit pro- diieed in a country which has the summer skies of Italy and France. There are vineyards in the Province of Ontario of fifty or sixty acres in extent; peach o-chards of similar extent ; and apple orchards almost innumerable. Wine of excellent quality is now largely manufactured from the grapes, and this fruit is so cheap as to be within the everyday reach of the poorest. It may be mentioned that in the county of Itist Upper Pr( they can u added to miles. fThe a United Si i laiico — col square mil niiles latg* The t( shown by THE DOMINION OF CANADA. 20 igh and complete in both ifactory. the great stock-breeding if the very best blood of ire herds in the country, I were brought in chiefly I. To-day there are in 1 record extending back of England not only do le new country. In not Tied over to the Mother old bull, whicli brought Essex, on the sliorea of Lake Erie, the vine is very largely grown for the purpose of wine-making, and both the growing of tlie vines and the making of the wines are systematically carried on by I French viticulturists, by French metliods and processes, with very great success. Frenchmen |engaged in this work have declared tiie conditions for growing the vine are more favourable in E-ssex ithan in the east of France, while the wine which is made .a of a superior tiuality. The great wealth |of Canada in fruits is a fact which is not only interesting to the intending settler as an industry, I but as a climatic fact, the country in this particular being much before the United Kingdom. I The applet of Canada are especially very highly prized, and find their way in very large Iquantities to the markets of the United King.lom ; and it may be mentioned here that at the |Centennial Exhibition at Philadelphia the Americans honestly admitted themselves to have been :^fairly beaten by this Canadian product. A New York illustrated paper, on that occasion, stated I that the finest show of fruits at that great Exhibition was " made by the Fruit Growers' Association of Ontario. Canada." ian breed. The herds ration of experienced is a very important People who have been ; before the cession — lence of the fruit pro- I are vineyards in the lar extent ; and apple this fruit is so cheap lat in the county of It is to be observed that the areas of the great waters, such as the great lakes and rivers of the Upper Provinces and the St. Lawrence, the bays and inlets of the Lower Provinces, as nearly as they canb .stimated from measurement on the maps, would be about 140,000 square miles, which, added to the areas taken from the census districts, would give a total of over 3,610,000 square miles. The area of the whole of the continent of Europe is 3,900,000 square miles ; the area of the United States, exclusive of Alaska, is 2,9.33,588 square miles-that of Alaska is 577,390 square miic„-oombineJ making 3,510,978 miles. Thus the Dominion is nearly five hundred thousand square miles larger than the United States without Alaska, and nearly eighteen thousand square nnles larger than both combined. The total population of the Dominion by the census of 1881 was 4,324,810, against 3,687,024 as shown by the census of 1871. The increase in the old Provinces during the decennaid is over 18 per 30 THE DOMINION OF CANADA, cent. The increase for the mime Provinces in 1871 over J861 was ovBr to ..„. * i^u E.lw«,d I,l,mi , m.m» In Nov. Scotk ; aw.MS m New Bnia.wkk ■ i -iK mi i, , k , .O^aHo; H,^i„ Manitoha, 3..;. in BHti.h Coln.^lH^li^o'if r crS^^^r^: Terntories ; 7<,7o3 ,n the T ,ited States ; and 53,330 in other countries The Province of Quebec, the oldest and n.ost historic of the Provinces of the nnmi. • onnerly known a. Canada East. It is bounded on the North by Labrador aid t^^C^lZ Ma.ne, New Ha.psh.re, Vermont and New York : and on the .south-west by the Ottawa Kiv e. nd ' Jcrscii Slock Farm. !!rv!rf"TH' *""'"";■ ?' ""' " '^'°"* '"'•''' ^•l"'^^^ •""««• °f -'^-'^ --« «.000.000 acres are surveyed Ihe populafon by the census of 1881 being 1,359,027 ; of these 1.093,820 were of French ong.n:8 ,510 of English; 54,923 of Scotch; 12.3,749 of Irish; 8,943 of G™ : and th re t of t:Lz::'' ''''''''"' *° ""«^°"' ''-'^ ^-^ ••^-'^•''^ ^-- ^^*'^°'- --^ ^^So; South of the St. Lawrence River, which runs through the entire length of the Province the land .s hdly, and north of that river moat of the country also is rocky and mo.mtainou,. The N ;re D I mount.ms, a contmuation of the Green mountains in Vermont, extend east from the latitude of the ..f a Quei-ec, u ong the course ..f the St. Lawrence on its south side to the gulf of the same name atta^ng here and there a height of 3,000 or 4,000 feet. The Laurentian mountains, on the north «; the St Lawrence, extend from the Labrador coast to the Ottawa river above Ottawa. This ran.e also attains a height in some places of 4,000 feet above the sea. I 12 per cent. The number B a preponderance of more vrisen from the excess in ssions; 101,047 in I'rince ,HO!)in Quebec; 1,467,98,S he Canadian North-WeHt es of the Dominion, was nd Hudson's Bay ; on tlie httleurs, New Brunswick, by the Ottawa Itiver and THE DOMINION OF CANADA. 81 The St. Lawrence is the chief river and the great avenue of commerce. Its largest tributaries in the south are the Chateauguay, which rises in New York and is luivigable a considerable distance ; tiie R'chelieu or St. .John's, 80 miles long, the outlet of Lake Chaniplain, the Yamaska and the St, Francis, liesides numerous tributaries. The largest of the lakes is Lake St. ,John, .'{0 by '2'y miles in extent and about 120 miles north of the City of Quebec. The great northern hill region is Scarcely liabitable except in low fertile valleys, but it affords immense supplies of timber. Between tlie ranges of mountains on tiie south and north of the St. Lawrence the country is a succession of fertile, prosper- ous valleys and hills densely timbered, containing deposits of copper ores, iron, galena, snuiU ijuantities of silver and gold, and many varieties of marble and serpentine, also excellent granite, slate and soap- stone. Tiie climate is healthy, but subject to extremes of temperature, the summer being more like that of Italy, while the winters are those of Kussia. All the territory which the l^rovince embraces, together witti much more, was first taken posses- sion of in ir>.34, by Jacques Cartier, in the name of France. The first permanent settlement 'vas made me 6,000,000 acres are )93,820 were of French •man ; and the rest of [Catholics and 188,.S09 the Province, the land IU3, The Notre Dame om the latitude of tlu' ;ulf of the same name, tains, on the north of Ottawa. This range I'ruijrcuive t'lirhiinij. at what is now the City of Quebec in 1608 by the French ; the next, on the present site of Montreal in 1642 ; and from that period until 1759, the French continued to occupy th'- country, though much harassed by the Indians. In 1794, when Canada was divided into two por.. .i, this province became known as Canada East. Then, in 1841, it was again united to Canada West. Upon the confederation of the Dominic. ;n 1869, however, it was separated a third time, and became a distinct province with the city of Quebec as its capital. It is divided into 59 electoral counties, and the chief cities are Montreal, which, with its suburbs, has now a population of over 2(K),000. Quebec, population in 1881, 62,446 ; Three Rivers, population, 9,000 and St. Hyacinthe, population, 5,000. The numbers of persons engaged in various occupations and industries, at the last census were : agriculture, 160,641 ; trade, 25,507 ; industrial pursuits, 65,707 ; professional, 15,376 ; servants, 21,186, the rest being unclassified. A majority of the inhabitants speak the French language and the laws are obliged to be printed in both French and English. The region south of the St. Lawrence river and west of the meridian of Quebec is the portion most thickly settled. Among the agricultural products, _^HE^OMINION OF CANADA. a... rtour. lu.„ber. furniture, Lther/h, We '"" T "'"• '''"' f'^' ■"•'"-"- n.anufucture.l woollen good«, steam engines and ag ic-ultuncl LpT™t 'T ' T"' '""^^ ""'' ""-'■ "'«"" -' the inhabitants are fi.hennen. Co.I herring ,Z , ' "" ''"" "' "'*• ^— "- """•» "f mimbers in the gulf and the annual yiel,l of the Hshr' T''"''' ■""' '°'""«'-'' »'^"'"' '« great The goods exported are chiefly forest products fi«h „."«?"? ^ ''"■*^'' "^"''g'nK 'ome «2,(MK),(X)0. their annual value exceeding «.30.00«,,K)0, of ^hioh I'lt 7 Z ""'''" '"'"' ■"'" '"•** "' ■"«»»"'• remanuler to the Unite.l .States. The princinlo «rH 1 ' «" *" '''•^''* »"t''"' «"»• the iron and hardware, sugar, molasses, tea' t .h ^ T'""! T '^°"°" *""' """"^" «°->«' «"^« >« about moOO.OfW, of which more than two t'hrH ''''""'''■*''"""""'*' ''^«'-''8« of which St'^tcs. '^*- *"*" ^'^^-th-rd. come fr„n. Great Britain and the rest from the C'atho have ! T counc ichool also U O Ini-auive Genius reaping her rcioarU. The executive power of the Province is vested in . T • * Uovernor-General of the Dominion of Canada assisted hv "^"'f "'"»*-®°^«™or, appointed by the education, treasurer, attorney-general, comlro:: V^^rCZ ^"' ^^^'*™^' '"^"'^*- °^ ^^'^^^ public works, and solicitor-gcneral, The Provincial P . commissioner of agriculture and twenty.four members, appointed for life and a iZv! ''^ consists of a legislative council of electoral district), elected by the qi,alifiedVoters for flttlrs"'"""^ "' '"*'-'^" '""^ ^^°'" -<^'' The right of suffrage is conferred on all male Kritili V- . possess the small legal qualification necessary. ' ' *^««*yone years of age, who The principal courts are the Oupph's Ron^u ''iln-'.'P at the m( Grand Ti while the uianufact as 1737; position c distinct i hospital, i Mont is appropi Lawrence eastern su THE DOMINION OF CANADA. , |>ea«, l)eang, biickwlieat, lief articles nianiifautured uotH and 8ho«38, cotton and f of St. Lawrence most of lo))8ter8 al)oiind in great ■eraging some «2,(>(X),(X)0. liides, and ores of metals, o (Jreat Britain and the and woollen goods, silks B annual average of which »in and the rest from the 33 Catholics ut yueheo, Montreal and Ottawa. Of the Protestant Church organizations, the Kpiscopalians I have 21 J ; the Methodists. 171 ; the Pre.l.ytorians. HHt ; and the Baptists, '>i The public schools are under the direction of the n.inister of public education, assisted by a I T"7 "//'l''^" ^■*'*»'f - »•"' "'«''» Hrotestants. They are classified as prin.ory. n.odel a.ul sjJial schools, the last of which inclu.les agricultural, high, con.n.orcial, industrial a.ul classical. There are ! also two Catholic and one Protestant norn.al school supporte.l by the Province {Of the colleges and universities in the Province, the most i„,,x,rtant are the university of Bishop's College at Lennoxv. He Mc(!ill University at Montreal, and the laval University at Quebec, attached to which are medical, law and theological sch.K,ls. Besides these there arc twelve or fifteen cla.ssical I colbges and about the same number of industrial colleges. Three Rivers (Trois Hiviires). which in the Province of Quebec ranks in important next to the citle. of Montreal and Quebec, i8 the .seat of justice of .St. Maurice Co., situated on the .St. Lawrence ■■'■ ' > <-;A ' I I ¥ ;i%" vtr* - -i- '•"s^- i-a.f.l'U at "pi ■f"9 r, appointed by the »r, minister of public sr of agriculture and Bgislative council of ?vo (one from each i years of age, who four puisn6 judges 181 they numbered lenominations being uebec ; the Bonian Victoria Square, Montreal. Or!l!dZ't°'M'%'K''"""f"' '''""" '"'■*'-^'^^*''^ -'^°'^*^^^'- '>■-»« -nection with the ^rand Trunk radroad by means of a ferry to Doucetfs. Lumber is the principal busines,s interest • whde there are large exports to the We.st Indies. South America and England. It is noted for its' nan„f t f , ^^,, .^e St. Maurice forges, which were established by the French Illl g ago Itt rv r T 1 . ' '"°"*"'' '""^ ''■ ''''""°^' «'^"'« '* "- ^PP«--'- ^f three liBtmct r.vers; .t contains a Roman Catholic cathedral, an Ursuline convent, an academy and I'ospital, and by the census of 1881 had a population of 9 286 ^ is annrrHlf,'" T "wf ' ""'^"* "''' °' *'' "'"""^^ "' Q"^''^''' »^"* ^'^ "^ «"*-" America, and .rslerns 'h ? . r "^"'^''■'"'""^^'^^^^^ ^^^^^ ^'"^'^ ^^"^ 2,730 miles from Liverpool. Its •astern suburb, which is now an incorporated village, called Hochelaga, was originally the sUe of 1 34 THE DOMINION OF CANADA. IndUn Wli»g« of the iain« name, " U from hi. Mont Roya.-.,eHv.. ,t. uaJ: I tl thT : tlZot"""' ''"' ^'•"^ *«-'-'— P'^^ fro. "btaine.linCana.la.but under the. w "'"7"*'""""** Permanent «,ttiement which the French Bri«.h rule till IH. 2 when it WaJ ' T ""*'"''* "' ''''"^' '"'' """«-•"« ^" '--»'. -d- from it« inland^!itt„ oo" « ""' L* TT'^ "* ""'''' '^ "''P' -"'» "« »» -« »-«■ i-- head of the oo Lr ^ti^. :''^^ ;^^^^^^^ '""'T ''' '*' ""•"• ^^"-"^ -^^ «*t-ted at th Harbor, Montreal. locks of the WoUand Canal are rather siim11«r 4. m * i .. Ottawa andSt. Lawrence it is in in^eL .■ u '"" *'^ ""^^ *''« '""'«»«»<'« o^t^e river and its tribute WhTIw^ and sailing vessels oTiry ^^Znl^^ ZuoZr'T: O^ '''''' ' ^''"^^^ °" '^ "'---'' J^wer St. Wrenee . a wJekl, eorZnll'^^C p ^^^^^^ harbour .s constantly crowded with vessels from other foreign ported Lrth *'V . T ••' Lawrence is closed, the ocean steamers find a harbour at Tor«rnd ^''^'^ ^•'^"^S''*'"'"'^ ^^^ St. Montreal by a railroad of 292 mile« Thi v C7 I'ortland. Mame, which is connected with .roasestheSt. wIeaTJirn Lb ?^^ ''"' ""'"^ '"""*'' ^^''^^^ Company, and THl DOMIHION OF CaKADA. •tier, an«i it i« from hb Monti eal—corMtpted from ;l«m«nt which the French contimied to IwHUoh, under Jipidity of its progrea* ha* ibove Quel'oo, Montreal is • to iW feet of water. Ita oonld lie at one time, it, tly safe. Situated at the become the depot for the 1 U> voMelH ajiilingf urthcr *1m. The oBpalii .onnect- nf water on the ,dlU j the 85 r the confluence of the try adjoining the former 8 carried on by steamers rict, as well as with the s at the same time the » navigation of the St. hioh is connected with tailway Company, and the largest bridge of ^phenson at a cost of ,144 feet or nearly 15 lie facts that 9,000 tons iiittue of iron was 32 There were 2,713,096 orks, dsktm, etc., and [■pwkrdi of 3.(X)0 men wm employ^!. The flrvt itone wm Uid July 30, 18M, mid Hm tint tnln ptMed over on Dec. 17, IfWO. By the line, of th.. Orai,.! Trunk, Montreal \ x , ...™id communication, with Upper Canada the Western State, and Low^r ( aaada, whilo the Intercolonial Jtailway o,H,ns up oon.n.unioation Utween Halifax and St. John. Several other linen afford direct oon.m.inication with all the im,H,rt. |Mt cities and town, in N. w York HUte an.l the .Staten of New England. The developments of f^mtoba and the North West, with the <,,x,nlng up of the Canadian Pacific Railway, have tended ti, increaHo its conimen a importance. Ottawa, the politi capiul of the Dominion, was formally laid out in 182fl, and called Hytown, after Colonel By, of u>e Royal Engineer., who was enKagcd in tupe. intending the construction of the Kideau Canal, which wa* to open up the country for the timber trade. The first act of incorporation was p.i!.se«"e ea«t of the city, are far famed for their beauty; while the Ch..udi6re Falls form a magnificent cataract in the west end ; they are spanned by an iron suspension ^ndg . which was completed in 1844. The scener, around Ottawa is scarcely surpassed by^y in Cana.la. The immense water power at the city is made use of in several saw mills, which give Ottawa Its prmcpal trade, and issue almost incalculable quantities of sawed timber. The city is mT , o« r "!""" *"' '°"''"''"''' "' '^' ""^' ^''^^'^ -iththeSt. Lawrence. 126 milos from Montreal. 95 miles from Kingston and 450 miles from New York. It is immedlateW on *K„ ZlZZ ^^z^Zl, "" '^"'" "' ""*"'°' "'"' "■*' """"**^ '^ '''' ^-p^'^"- bridge" o;e'rth; Ontario is the most populous and wealthy Province of the Dominion of Canada, and its growth has >en exceedingly rapid. The area within its old limits, as taken from the census districts.ll I01,7.S 36 THE DOMINION OF CANADA. stated that the territory recently i„ disDut. ha« . , , '^"'^''^ "'""^- ^- '« ^""-ther to be Judicial Committee of the Pri^ Z'T:^lur\:T ^^ ''^'""^ *° ''""'"" '^ ^ ''^"^''''' "^ ^''^^ making altogether a total of aW.t200;(io;ltUles' "' «"'^'«« ^'^-'-ile^ to the Province, Of li^rn :idr: :::t;::rr*'^^" rr °^ ^^^ ""■"'"^- — - *^« ^-^-^^ North America, its clin.ateLn: Zd X Z" « '*':""'** ^^"^^ °^ *»>« ^^-"-"^ "^ ' agriculture, and it may be said to take it , L ! V. T"" '' ^"""^^' ^""^''^ °' '*« --'*'> >-^ lie pi-o !li:i -*}Wmimi^-^m; 't^fV^ ^ 'K ^*«C ^-Sif, /^'^v^rg^ 2'^i-7(hi S^,^'*^^ , C'- Z'. A ^r/rfsre over the Don, near Toronto :::z::;;::^:r;::z:t;r::;t^°^'V — — Toronto, the seat of the Provincial Golnmf.; """^ " ^'°^'' °' *''^ P™^'"-- but it appears fro. a municipal o^^Z^:'^ " ^''"''^"°" '''''' '^ *'- ~ of mi > of «hich any country .night be proud Td t \*«,P°P"'''«on is now over 120,000 , it is a city population. P""'' "'^^ '« -"-y -P'^Jy -ntinuing to grow, both in wealth an.. This fair city, stretching along the blue waters nf r at r. . • young Dominion, but even her nJepopuloJri^a does .,T' '" "°* "" '*'•«««* ^'^^ "' "- J^ll of promise ; and by common consent -J lltTrr^^^^^ ^'^ '^ "" ^^•^^^*' '^"" "^ --* West. " Her progress has not been a slow and .'Zlf "^T^ "^^ '' '?'!! ^"-" ^^^^ "^ *"« -----ount.. .fa,ithos::ir=-::-c:-^^ »riOO,0!M) iisylum-i, lioiise, et( (trand Tr Mnd the J connectio nt of the map, including miles. I, is further to be ) Ontario by a decision of thi> lare miles to the Province, THE DOMINION OP CANADA. 37 lion, namely, to the latitude Lakes of the Continent of 2ipal source of its wealth is lis of the Dominion. Tht the number of acres alreadj 28, as shown by the censii> of the inhabitants, althougl, I seafaring occupations le Province. t>y the census of 1881 ' er 120,000 ; it is a city «. hoth in wealth and ihe largest city in our e fairest, and the most the Queen City of the uH of vitality, and her ire ranked among her most important trade rosperous and worthy, Ihe .dl be found wel supphed. No poisonous slums exist within her limits to harbour pestilence ; |e, streets no longer he under their old reproach, for many of them are paved and cleanly. Societie 1^ evxry descnpt^on of benevolent, moral and elevating aim are busy among her citizens ; her edu- .*at.onal sys em .s perfect as the age c.n give, and education has become the property of one Ind all . Ihe railway, unfortunately, runs along the lake, preventing any pleasant " Strand " Street, and ^^po, ,„g as . does at Genoa, the access to the shore. Here, as at Kingston, the French were first in |l.e land, and the place is mentioned in old reports of skirmishers with Indians and English Yet acre arc men now aliv^ who are old enough to remember hearing when the Hrst buggy was driven uough the streets, wh.ch are now broad, well paved, and lined with houses, giving evLnce of all e p,osper,ty of a push.ng and thriving commerce. Toronto had its troubles and excitements during c A.„enca„ War ; and not far oflF, across the water, the battle of Queen.ton Heights gave Brock th! l;2^'^^^^^^^^^ troops awell.ea.ned victory over an enemy A less agreeable reminiscence is the indecisive fight between a greatly superior body of Fenians nd a Toronto bat ahon ,n 1866 near the Welland Canal, when both sides, after firing much, retreate.l -the e„,a„s to ort Er.e. the Toronto men towards the canal. The object of the Canadian attack saamed, or the cutting of the canal, which was the object of the invaders, was frustrated. ov.algalan youths belongmg to the University were killed, and a monument in the pleasant and |hady park attracts the respect of the citizens for those who were foremost in giving evidence at that itime of the patriotic spirit which animated all Canadians. Toronto has much the appearance of an English town, an.l is distinguished for the n„nd>er of its .urches many of which are surmounted by liandsome spires. The principal are St. James' athedra Anglican), a noble edifice in early English, erected in KS.52 ; St. Michael's Cathed. 1 Roman Catholic, ; St. Andrews (Presbyterian), one of the finest specimens of Norman architecture o the continent, and the Metropolitan (Methodist). Toronto is the fountain head of the Canada school system, and its e.lucational institutions are numerous and well appoints. The University, charmingly situated in the well wooded Queen's Pari was maugurated m .8«, and is attended by upwards of ,m students. Trinity College is a handsom^ uilding, wit 1 a chapel attached, and was erected in bs.-.l ; the structure is of white brick witl st n dressings ami is designed in the third period of pointed English architecture. This college is tl,I training school ot tlie clergy of the .liocese and has a higl, reputation. Knox College, of comparatively recent erection, is the Presbyterian theological hall, McMaster Univers. y, most nuunhccntly endowed by the late Hon. Wm. McMaster, is the edtcational Jentre of t Baptist denomination. There are also fine normal and model schools and educational offices, which ground. The Kducationa .Museum contains specimens of Canadian and natural history, an.l the best vaneties of inaps, charts, diagrams, philosophical apparatus, and school furniture It aL containsa extensive and beautiful collection of copies of celebrated Italian, Dutch and Flemish oil paintings and engravings and casts in plaster of Paris of some of the most noted groups of statuary ^ancient and mc, lern-together with a collection of English, Canadian and classical busts Among-tother prominent buildings may be mentioned Osgoode Hall, the seat of the Law Societv of L pper (. an.da, named after the Hon. Wm. Osgoode. first Chief Justice of Upper Canada. The cost of he buddings amounted to about «.S00,000. and the grounds comprise some six acres of land The ..ulding IS of the classic style and is of great beauty, the centre hall being very fine. The Court of Queen's Bench, Common Pleas and Appeal are all fine chambers IheCou.tof 9..00.(K)0 having been voted for that purpose. There are also manv b.n«vnl«n. ip..u.,..v,...;, .^-^...-, asylum, hoine for incurables, etc., as well as a handsome Oovernment Hous^i^st -Office, ctrom house etc. Several hue. of railway have terminal stations in the city ;-Great Western di isioiTf (.ran. Trun ; the Northern and North Western ; the Toronto. Grey and Bruce ; the Credit vl y lie;;;; ^^ '""" '""' ^^''^" '"-- '''-'''• ^-'^ ^"« ^--»- »■-'«« -as d e'; 38 THE DOMINION OF CANADA. Hamilton is another remarkable instance of the «rowtli of a C^^na^i. : r recently a., the year 18.3, and ha« now a population "71 1 1 JT T '". "" '"' °"* '^^ *»«"« ment and increase, the population, between' lH years 8^^^, trL.^?™" ^l '*" ^^'^ ^^^^'^'-^ U years 1850 and 1857, rose from 10,000 to 25,000. It f"'^^ "^irr^^: <'itij „f St. Vatharims. is the centre of the wool trade of rnn„,i„ t -^ ■ nmiion pounds of wool per yTa;, h^:; ^^^^^^^^^^ ^'^^ ^"^ ^--- l-luces over Hv. wool stapler, and dealers. iLn ig bo" h od '^r """"" ^'^ '''^"^'^ °^ *^« «->'*-' Toronto may well be called ttt^X:: Ttt^^^^^^^ portions of the Dominion ; but ere nur^nin/ , '^^'*'™ ^"'^ north-wester,, Niagara must first be taken The disCr """' '^°"''^' '^ *"? '^^^^ ^'^'^^ Ontario t„ d.stance across ,s some thirty miles ; a well appointed steamer making two trips daily in the season of lake navigation. Niagara Falls U one of tin- mighty wonders of this world : a temple not made by hands. Its vast grandeur is beyond tlu power of description, and the pen of criticism is completely paralyzed. There is something so intensely sacred in the pL , ■ that, as you approach it for the first time, you feel as though you were treading on the confines of some great un- revealed secret— that you were about to face the Majesty of ups donii ti) seu. ' iiense torrent of water ;adlongdown from some leight, but there is lu, shape or situation, but vague nimensity. 1 compreliHnd the v.a.st- igled there comes a feel- rnal rest and happiness >eauty, to remain there A cluster of islands in the centre of the strean, causes the river to diverge into two branches, sending the water over the American Falls on the one hand, and over the Canadian or Horse.Shoe Falls on 40 THE DOMINION OF CANADA. the other. The Utter have a width of about 1,900 feet. The face of Goat Island occupies a Quarter ^elr :;Tl tTT "" ''^ ^""™' ^""«' ^'''<='' P--* - '^•-at straight ,„e of i mle .„ length It has been computed that twenty million cubic feet, or seven hundred andL honsand tons of water per minute, empties itself over the Horse-Shoe Falls alone. Tw the Fat 18 Queenston, where is erected a monument, in the shape of a fine Corinthian cTlZn t„ .h memcy of General Brock, a name famous in the wars for independence ' ' and t!r'" """""f \':'!'l *^« ^-«*«- »-it oi the Province of Ontario, a number of thriving cities we tern settler :-The growmg town of Gait ; the Royal City of Guelph. founded on St. George's Da and so named m honour of the Royal family, a great stock-raising centre and the seat of t.e On r.o Agncu tural College, a Governn.ent institution, whose efforts in the cause of agriculture a e most praiseworthy ; Berlin, the centre of an industrious settlement from the Fatherland BrantLT so called after t e great Mohawk chief, .loseph Brant, who, in the troublous times in whic 'he' ^d wal he Staunch and wor hy fr:end and ally of the British, here too is a celebrated seminary fo The ecu, ^mty to beds of gypsum or plaster of Paris ; Woodstock, the county seat of Oxford, a thriving trade centre ; Ingersoll. noted for its manufacture of cheese-all in turn are passed by London, the metropolis of AVestern Ontario, like the illustrious city from which it takes . s name .s s.tuated in the County of Middlesex, and on the banks of .he River Thames Th .B one of the pleasmg features one n.eets with in Canada. The emigrant, when seeking a new home m the far-off west, takes with l^im, as far as he can. the country of his birth and hi gives to the new home the familiar name of the old home, and surrounds it by s^h circum stances as brm, most readily old country thoughts, ideas and associations. Th s ci y was incorporated :n 185o, and now has a population of some 30,000. forming a busy hive of indusZ an enterprrse, wh. e she occupies special pre-en.inence as an educational centre from e f^ of ts being the seat of the renowned AVestern University, as well as having a widely celebrated .nst.tut.ou for the education of young ladies in Hellm..th College, one of 1 most noted est b hihments of its kind onthe American continent. most nolea estab- Southward of London is St. Thomas, which, .since the construction of the railways, has made a phenomenal rap.d progress, unsurpassed by any Canadian city. It was incorporated as a city in 188J .s an important railway centre, while the extensive workshops of the M.C.R.R., which live employment to a large number of hands, are located h.re. The Alma Ladies' College of th pL 18 a noted scholastic institution. * P '"''' In the western portion of the Province we come on a rock oil or petroleum district ; a district Sietfk' T °*^ ll "^"'' "'"' '"'''''' '"'"^ ^" ^"«"'"'^ ^« -- ^'^^^'^' ^- i*« art ficial t Wh ;; ' Z r ?;• '^r °' "" ■""* "'"''••'^"' '"••^ P^<=""«^ -*«-! P-^^-ts of Canada What the future of Canada may be no man can faintly imagine. That it will meet with checks and obstacles .n the progress of its developments, all must expect and be prepared for. But the country, as in the case of the opposition to the Canadian Pacific Railway, will rise superior to such extent, and with a range of temperature and climate of the widest diversity, it is a world with n .tself, the glory of which may be only rising when that of many an old world dynasty is Idhg Tb-f H, r T " ''"""*''" ^^'""'•' ""''' ^^""^'"^^ P^'-*'-"^ -1^— to other parts of 2 habitab e globe or so long, that up to even the present time millions upon millions of quare Lu of country should still remain unsurveyed, and notwithstanding that although every nation and every tongue ha, been helping to give it a population, the Anglo-Saxon language^ eCwhere spoken, would seem to mak« a" **>"* —r «- - < „4 • ■ » 8° "> t-veiyHiiere the iTihahi+.».n+» ^t r< 4. B •/•" "1 '," "^ ™" "' '"'"*'" ^°°"^ " "1 "eep and special interest to the inhabitants of Ureat Britain, to whom this greater Britain offers an ever open field, rich in enterprise and resources, in which the descendants of both will be called upon to take a partthe like of wh.ch the old world in all its history has never dreamt of. THE CITY OF TORONTO [feT ■^ -' *-3i" >JWl ■':^?^ Twonto hi 1831, Its Past and Present— an Historical Review A Mention of Numerous Facts connected with its Eariv Growth and importance, especially adapted for its Commfkciai Institutions, Citizens and Strangers From out the depth of the primeval forest, washed by the waters of the great lakes, has arisen fhe g..at commercial City of Toronto, teeming with industry, wno«e manufacturers find a ready i^, r T? T "" '"'*'' ""' '"*'"' "' *'" '""''• ''''' ^'^^'^y -"^ adventurous trapper and the iusky Indmn have been displaced by the prosperous merchant and mauufaoturer, and the indns- rious mechanic. The first reference to '.• ronto to be found in any published work-and it is said to be the very fear. ,e8t--,s contained in a book published in London, Eng., in the year 1765. The work is a very Mei^stn,g narrative of the travels and adventures in North America of one Major Rogers, " com IvfT "^T*"'' '"•^^P^"'^^"* ''"-P-y ^' «"»««"■• -«l -Jeals principally with the period at ^h,ch the capsulation of the Canadas by the French to the British took place. It was written by «ajor Rogers himself, in the form of a Journal, which he presented to the public shortly after the plose of his military career. if " y «"ier me In this work Major Rogers says : "On the 9th (September) General Aniherst informed n.e of his intention of sending me to ■ -By his Eso«iWoy JeU'rey Amherst, i-.sq., Major-General and Commander-in-Chief of all his lajesty'B forces in North America, etc. " 'To Major Rogers, commanding his Majesty's indei^ndant company of Rangers " "iou will, upon the receipt hereof, with Capt. Waites and Capt. Hazen's companies of gangers under your command, proceed in whale-boats from hence to Fort WiUiam Augustus lakmg along with you one Joseph Poupao, alias La Fleur. an inhabitant ^f Detroit, and Lieut' • m CITY OF TO HON To 48 ■ ' ' "I^^^^N' bvi ibroiime, asBistaiit-eiif'iiieer. From Fort Willin... a,,,,., * „ ,, . .V "^ *°"^^'""»""^"«"«t"s .vol, will continue your vova«e bv the BO,,., shore to Niagara, where you will lan.l your wha.e-Ws an., transport theni acros^ t. Kn,v.„, place .nto Lake Krie. applying to Major Walter, or t..e omcerco..„,a„di„,at Niagara, ! tuvaBs.t,a„ceyou,„aywantont..atorouanyotheroccasion.re.,„estinKofhin.,attLHa„.etin, . |..|,ver up to yo., Mon.eur Gan.e.in. who was .na..e prisoner at t.,e reduction of the said fon an ha. eo„tnn,ed tere evor since, in order to conduct .,i„,, with t..e a..ove-n,entioned Poupao to i." ah. an s at De ro.t. where, upon taking t..e oath of allegiance to his .ost sacred Ma es ty ^ I ,eots they are become by the capitulation of theHth inst.. they shall he protected in th ,1 i^ble and (juiet possession of their properties, etc' " In pursuance of these orders I embarked at Montreal the 13th Septen.ber ITrW. „. ^ ...„.,o...., .„„.„..,,.,»„,,„., ,. , ,^ „,.,,r::r:::'i:r;::::; I i , , "" *' ^'■^"'' '"^ '=°"'"'"«'l "'"• «°"'-«« "P the river, ti.. we can,e to the lace where fonnerly stood the old fort of Frontenac (Ki„«ston). where we found sol Id ! unters ron. Oswe«achi (Ogdensbur^,. We were detained here all the next day bv the te pest o less o the weat er ; we, however, in.proved the tin,e by taking a plan of t.,e oh', fort s t J t |ie Iwttoni of a liiie, safe harbor. hituattd at " We embarked very ear.y on the L>Ht.,. steering south-west, leavin,- u lar«c bav on t..e ri „,f h-.t -20 nUles wide, the western side of whiC, terminates in a point, . nd a small Lb 1 „ lassea both, about ... n.i.es on a course west by south, we enterL, .i. cho sof : callc'b"! br al„,on. At our first appearance they ran down to the ed,e of the lake, and continued iirin' .e.r ..eceso express the„. joy at the si«ht of the .n«lish colors. I told then, of the succ s ^f t::^^::^r'TT'''irr "•^""' "^"'"' '■'- -- - --'"--■- leiy we 1 pleased. Ihe w.nd be.n« fairon tl.e:i()tl. we en.barked at the rtrst daw., of .|„v .Kl ... the eve...n,reachcd the Hiver Toronto (Hiver Hnmber). bavin, run 7« mile. W ^.^a I bunko .20 m..es-.n length, but the la,.d behind it seemed to be level, well timbe.-ed vi , laks, l.,ckones. n.aples, and son.e poplars. No .nountains appea,-ed in si,l.t Tl.., l^edI.o.tloro,.to(Fort Rouille). T.,e soil here is principally clay. The deer a.-e extren.e v I.en y ... th.s country. Borne L.dians were hunting at the m.,.th of the river, who .• .. tul f'oods at our approach, very much frit!hte..ed. *- ' •• They came in, however, in the n.or.,i,.s, a.,d testified their jov at the news of ^t the F^.eh. They told ..s that we could easily accomplii;: I- 1^;"::;™ Mro.t .„ e.«ht days ; that when the Fre..ch traded at that place the India..s uLd to dnrwith hetr poultry from Michlin.aka..a down to River Toro..to ; that the portage was but 2^ IT f I :rti:::r""" --«.... which ..ad some f.., .. LneTercoridt r: Idded that there was a carry...g.place of ..-. mi.es fron, some westerly place of Lake Erie to a river lun,..,., without a,.y fal.s through several Indian towns in Lake St. Olair. "I think Toronto a m.,stconvenie..t place for a factory, and that from the..ce we mav very asily settle tlie north side of Lake Erie.' ' ^ TOKONTO AS IT WAS IN 17!»7. bana?'.""'' t'' "''^'"'"""'"^* ^'''"'=°'"-*' «»^° ^-veiled through the United States and Upper anada unng the years of ,795, ,700 and .707. and in ms presented to the wor.d an accou. t f.s t^v is, ,s the next author in whose writings a reference to Toronto, or York, has been fo „d h ^k was translated into English by Mr. Newman, and from that work the fo lowing xt I « 'lt;|: m 44 DOMINION OF CANADA '"1 I Mil i 7V,(. Fir.st McllwdiM CIniirl, i„ Toronto ( Ki, HI St./ T,,,, ,., 6""""-''""" "'»ue an excursion to YorkI ulolence, politeness to the (ioven.or, and the conviction that I should ™eet with nothing roniarka be n. that place, united to d.,.uade n,e fron. this jonn.ey. My friends informed „,e o„ LZTl that tm« town, which the Governor had fixed upon as the capital of Upper Canada. before;7thon«hi of buadu.« a capital on the Th.nes, has a «ne extensive road, detached from the lake by'a leek and of une,ua. breadth, hein« in so.ne places u n.ile, in others only six score vards bro d tha J entrance of this road is about a .nile in width, that in the middle of it is a shJal or sand h nk narrows on each side of which may he easily defended by works erected on the twopo^ttof a nd ipply is f incur th lUst accoi lice to the 'he streeti |r the mili immencei "t CITY OF TORONTO 4a unA /n Toronto, St. Janifs. return from Queenston wt the Governor's (Simcoei Kiver Niagara, tlie banks iination delights to farim] nliabitants, aiul reclaimoi n tlieii- present wild statej and charming landscappRJ ens and these charms will for a considerable tinid e of fancy alone. •«r residence at Naryhal iithouars and Guilleman tunity of the return to ade an excursion to York 3t with nothing romarka] )rmed me on their rfit!!;i' !anada, before he thoughl •om the lake by^a neckoj Jre yards broad, that thi shoal or sand bank, th^ the two points of land i L entrance, where two block-houHen have already been constructed ; that this is two nnlos and a tlf long, and a miV .vde, and that the elevation of the shore greatly facilitates its de'ence by Irt.ficafons to be t;,r wn np on the most convenient points. (Governor Hin.coe intends to make J.rU the centre of th. naval force on Lake Ontario. Only four gunl.,ats are at present on this lake ^o of wh.ch are constantly en,ployed in transporting .erchandise ; the other two, which alone are to carry troops and gnns. an.l have oars and sails, are lying under shelter until an occasion occurs convert then, to their intended pur,.,se. It is the Governor's intention to build 10 similar gunboats f. Lake^Ontar.o, and ,0 on Lake Erie. The ship .-arpenters who construct then, reside in the initeil Htfttes, and return home every winter. 'There have not been more than 12 houses hitherto built in York. Thev stand on the bav bted Baty, the leader of the Gernn.n fan.ilies who, according to the assertion of Captain Willian, bn were decoyed away by the Knglish to injure and obstruct the prosperity of his settlement lo w,thstandn.g the navigation - f this river ,Don), there isa portage of .SO miles between York and lake SmK.oe (Yonge Street), by .Inch the nu.rchandise that con.es f.-om Lake Ilnron n.ight .-each *at place in a straighter line. The barracks. whi...h a,, occupied by the Govc-nors ..egi,ne..t land on the road, two miles f.on, the town. a,.,l ,.oar the lake. Desertion, I am told is very |equent among the soldiei-s. "In a circumfe,e,.ce of m n.iles. the In.lia..s a.e the only Mcighb,.,.s of Vo.k. They belo,,., to pe tnbe of Mississaugas." Toronto as it was in iho."). Theexcelle..two,.k on Upper Canada p.-epa-.d by D'A.-cy Boulton. Ks., ,g.-«ndfatl,or of the Resent I, Arcy I onlto.., of this city), and published in ,H«.-., furr.ishes i,.te,.esting i,.for.natio.. .-..n- prning lork at the j.eriod in which he had written. Said he •- "We now con.o to York, which is the seat of Government of Upper Canada. a..d lies in about degrees and Ho n,i..utes no.-th latitude. It is situated withi,. an excellct harbor of the sa...e »n.e n.ade by a long pe„i..snla, which embraces a basin of water sufficiently hxrge to contain a .ns.de,-able fleet. Vessels may .-idc safely at its enfa,.ce du.-ing the winte.-. O.. the extremity bn,mandn.g theentrance to the ha.bo... On the mainland, opposite to the point, is the garriso.. hua ed on a po,nt m..lo by the l.a.bor and a sn.all ..ivulet. which, being improved by sluices" »cn-ds an easy access for boats to go up to the sto.es. The barracks bei..g built on a knoll ar^ ilTlT n c ' "^"^ ^"'^""^"' ' '"^^'""' "'■"^'"'^^ "' ""' '^'^ - *'- -- -'^ ""^ "-'- Ue alsw rtTrrr?"^'"^''^' '^ "^^ ""'^'"'''"^ ^ «*'•"-■« "^Pl-ance from the to m !; ; r ■ '■"''^"^■'^ "^ '^'^ ^'''^•™- "^ «'*-*-" >« commanding, about Leirstt .'"""""""■ ''''""'" *'^ '^'''•''"'•- '•^"^ *""'»'« »"-" '-eased withi,. N ast two or three years, and seve.al very goo.l houses have been built by the different officers of he Government. The society of the place is highly respectable, and its hospitality is experienced |o,ld. There are several very respectable private stores, but goods a.e rather high. The usual ZZl:r,T'T "^ *"^* '"''-' "'^ ^''^^"^^ °^ '-^""^ ^-- ^^^-*-> to Kingsto.., .hay have ..- .!.. , Iwtwoen ;10 and 40 mil{> and iH calculated to attract tl attention of tlie North- VVew (.'ompany. Farms are laid om on each side of Yonge Htreti liaviiig the width of a quartc r of a mile each. A farm or Un comprehends 2(K) acres; tli. land in general is excellent, am, from its situation will soon h thickly se .„d." TOKONTO AS IT UAM IN 1«1'2. The followiuK extract isl tak^ii from liobert (lourlay'J " Sketches of Upper Canada,' published in 1822: " York, which is the seat oil the Provincial (lovernment, IkJ in latitude 43" 3.T' north, a littlff west of the meridian of Niagara. It is beautifully situated on »i bay or harbor, extending nearh two miles from the west to the! east side of the town, and almom enclosed by a peninsula, which projects a corresponding diw tauce from east »o west without the basin of the harbor. Tliel western extremity of the penin- sula is Gibraltar Point, where| are public stores and block houses. On the highest Rroimd. near the Point, a lighthouse of j about 70 feet elevation is erect- ed. On the main land, opposite! to the Point, is the garrison, where was also the Lieut. -Govl ornor's residence. Two miles! east, near the head of the bar bor, were two wings of the Par- liament House, the main edificej not being yet erected. Theji were built of brick, one story high. The Legislative Councill sat in one of them, and the] House of Representatives in the All [to give the pre Th I receivei Esl 1 1,014, tigures Sor i'xpende returns ^''- ■ CITY OF TO HON TO 47 ry, between 30 and 40 iniIt,.B*her. BeiuK Imiuo.l by tbe Anierio»nR their wp.IIh have Jxhmi inp.iiml and .•oi.verte.l into a 1 is calculated to attract tliiS*'^'''''''')*''- ention of tlie North- WesiB "The town occapie» the iiiterveniii« space between that site and the Karrinoii. The harlwr in tnpany. Farms are laid ouMront '« well »- siired, has safe anclioraKe, and is Butticieiitly .^apacioiiH to contain a considerable fleet. each Hide of Yon«e HtreetW"* "'« «'""'e >» ""t lH>ld, and no wliarves arc yet l)uilt, except one, which is an apiwiidaK.' ..f tin, ing the width of a qu»rterB"ew "»*»' storv-houses. Vessels lie off at anchor, and load and unload by boats. 1 mile each. A farm or lufl " The war wa-: unpropitious to York. It was twice taken by the Americans : First, by (Jeneral iprehends 2(X) acres; tli(»'«*''*«""""""l f'>»ni'"<>ie Chauncey actin« in concert, April '27tli. IHlH. Their squadron took a 1 in general is excellent, an,lB«««''"'> '" f'""* "f Hie hurl)or and the garrison, extending in a line westward. They intended to n its situation will soon kB""'! tbeir troops on an oi)en field, the site of the old French fort, Toronto (Rouille); but tlie wind ^^y "« --'l-" ■D'owinghenvily from the oust, the boats fell to the leeward. A detachment of riflemen led by Major ToKoNTci AS ,T WAS J'"">'*'' f"""«"'l and, supported by a larger cori>s of infantry under (Jeneral i'.ke, am .ting in all IN 1822 ■" ''"""' '*"''*^ '" * ^""'' "■ ''"'" ^*-'''' °f ""-' '"tended landing place, and al..<',t a mile and a half ■rom the garrison. The landing was warmly contested by the British force under the immediate The followii]g extract i>|fcomniand of General Kheaffe, who, after an action of half im hour, was driven from the wood and ii from llobert (Jourlay\»<'>iipf"<^'l to retreat. Two redoubts were carried, and General Pike, at the head of his briga.le. was etches of Upper Canada, *'lvancing toward the main work, when the explosion of a maga/.ine terminated his , areer, and ished in 1822: B''"^'' ''"'' wounded a considerable nundier of his men and some of the rear of the British troops. " York, which is the seat „fB'*""^''*l Sheaffe, having destroyed a part of the military and naval stores and a shi|> on the stocks, L'rovincial (Jovernmont, is J"'"""' °^ ^'"' '"'' '■e«i''»'' troops. The militia then capitulated, and were paroled, titudeiao .S5" north, a littl>fl " ^" *^*' ••"" °* August, the same year, York was visited again by Commodore Chauncey and of the meridian of Niagara W "'""*'' ^'^""' ^''" landed without opposition, took a nnmlier of cannon and boats and a (piantity beautifully situated on hM"' l"'"visi<>ns, shot, hIioIIs and other stores, and burnt the barracks and public storehouses." r harbor, extending nearly* Thk Incorporation of the City in \KU. niles from the west to thd * , j n i 4 . ., ;^„ ... ^ , . ■ Audnowthedateof the incorporation 18 reached, and before proceeding further it will be as well .ed hv . nn. ■ . , • , ■ *"''* """^ '^ "''^ '^^"'"^^ respecting the city when it became such in 18;J4, as compared with 3ea by a peninsula, whiclijthe present day. its a correspondiiiL' din-H tu„ « ^ ,. t -^ from east ,0 west wlihou.I . , "«— "t of city property was made in ,,une. 1834, when the following returns were asin of the harbor. TlieB St. George's Ward tl5,l U) = fl. 75 mr, m e.xtremity of the peniiiB uh Patrick's Ward '.'.'.'.'.'.'.['.[ •i,5',2«8 = 12(;,340 ' ""openm _ yt Lawrence Ward 4(, (,.,,) ^ -uu hod 8 Gibraltar Point, whereH St- Andrew's Ward ^.^'of-, ^ i«'-, 37" ublic stores and block-B ^*- ^""'^'^ ''^"''^ •'••••• ' j^ = Sl'yi.wi) i. On the highest grounii.B Total £18(),882 = 8934,410 he Point, a lighthouse ofB Kstimating the 3d. per i>, the revenue derived was £2,3;i6 Os. Gd., and to this was added 70 feet elevation is erect-B 1 1,014, making a total revenue of £3,350 Os. Cd. It it is only necessary to compare the above In the main land, opposittB *^*'"'"®* ^'^'i ^^^'^'^ furnished by the revised assessment of city property for the years ; I Point, is the garrison. H ' !^S3 8.59,561,143 was also the Lieut.-GovJB Iuq^ 05,693,877 ■ 1?^ 69,235,114 I residence. Two milesH lo*''' 72,721,559 ear the head of the bar B '^^^ 8.3,5(J2,81I )re two wings of the Par-B ^°™^ '^®* °* *^® growth of Toronto may be obtained from the amount of money that has been t House, the main ediflceB ^ "^^"^^ '" building operations for the first five years succeeding 1880. according to the following ing yet erected. TheyB '''™''"^- ,aa, uilt of brick, one storyB 1882 '■'.'.''.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.".'.'.'.'.'.'. l.'m^liio The Legislative CouncilB \t^ \',m,2i(} tm "">* 2 121 7')5 one of them, and thrH 1885 ' ' ' 3,'449]3;-, )f Representatives in theB ^^^ "Pa'''> t' 4(1 »7 l>*4« 4!» .-.0 1H51 .■;: ;^;i ; ic/ji ■ IN.-,(i I8.-)7 IK,")N 1850-6(» Hon. Adiini Hilson, Q.(; JoimGeor^.. Howes m] m HH iM-anc.s H. Medcalf IHW- . AiuMurrich A. H. Boswoll Aii'x. Manning ^\'. H. Rowland \V H. Rowland IHfif) 70 I.S71 7-i M7;i IN74-75 IH7(i 77-7K NO- I88I-S2 I883-H4 1885 I88<{ 1S87 iUft^ AttuM (. Muso Anier K. Mc Acme "..(KH); A Atlas lowndes 1 Amer K'akelield |i rector. Barbe lames Ba Ball i lohnson, ] Brand )'])onogh feaaurer. Britis Ion. A, M Budi'e Iiresident ; Boiler 500,000 ; ngineer. Board st vice-pn CITY OF To HON To 40 nt, IH84, aftiir ooimiderablci iiHi.'pronenttimc. withtli. I'UII.ITIKH Kdlt Tkamhi'oktatkin. Toront.. HH a |H..t „( .■...,> has «r..«t .uUMr«l a.lva.ituKeH. .i,.,l Imn „„.• of tl.- \w.t h..,lH„H on « l.ke. It in «lH., extrc.nu.lv w«ll ,.,„l,.w...| with muIwhv ,«..ilitio.. Ther.H.o nix li„«H „f rnilwHV .at make c«nn«.ti»n« lu,r,.. H.m.e of wl.i.li ,„akt. thiN city the tenninuH, uhi:« ..thorH ,vrv tl„„„«l. Ini., liiuK frou. tl,., ...i.t t„ tl... «,.H.. Tl... ,„i„,-i,,al «ro an folLmn: CHna-l.an I'udfl,, Haiivay, |rH.i.l Trunk Hailwuy. Nnitliciii Uailw.iy, and Ontiirio .v Qut-btM- Huilwav. Notwitlmta.ulin« the i..cre«Hc.l facilitieH that haw W,. n.a.l.. I.y th.. .lilTerent li.uH „f railway |nt..rin« in Toronto for the re<-ui,,tan,lHhiim,ent of fr,.i«ht, thr lukr an.l rivcT veHHuIn ntill con" "U'to ,lo a hu-«,. ,.art of the rarrvin,- tra.ln to an.l fnun the city, hh will U, «.«.„ fron> ,!,.. f""^"'«''' U,..,lliHt.Hl.owin, 1861 (i'2 (W IH()4 (m (Iti 1M(17 (iH IH«) 70 IM71 Ti 1H7;{ 1H74-7.5 lH7(i 77 7N lH7!t^WI' 1881 82 1883 H4 1885 1886 1887 lH7ti to |8H<), liUnilar, fi'tl 4.4'J.'t.ll'J7 Coal, tons drain, hiiHholH -^^•, ^-.^ Fruit, baHkets Ik)x»'h " fmrrelH . Fish, Oil, etc Fin. Jlricks •2H],:m liaths and Hoops •J.tKMl tiOO 1 88 1 to I88r» ."),.'l 1 7,(110 .V.I.I 1(1 .•M)4,'i.">!» u:>7,m4 "^•♦'*» ^ a7.27l ti!MI.47:« 74ti,ir.;{ i"tti,():tM :).'{,( Hit) 2,87fJ ia,-.iMi 4,7IM> 4,:W8 Huildinu Stone, tons Moiddinj^ Sand, tons Potatoes anil VeKetables, barrels, .MenOumdise, tons 7; 0^7 Total exports nod imports for 188(1 were:— Exports, 9a,-.'.-,4..J14, Imports, »|H,;j((|.i77. iMdliroiui III Cenii'XMKs. I!>,(Mi'i H,(l!lt) .■l.-.:<,.-)4 1 4,:i8."(,!l(M» 10,147 3.'271» 7,21)0 8.-),(Ki!l 'al, 12l,.V,(i,(i!l|. ribrarv UuildiiiKH ; inc., ls„;i; capital, t.MtHiO ; I. Iiallworth. lion, treasurer. apital, »7.">,(HMt; I'. N. Lake; inc., I <."i ; capital, .!. Flett, H. Atlienieiini Clul) of Toioiilo (Liniiteil). Tnl fas. Mason, president ; A. Pearson, hon. „ American Watch (lase O)., r,7 A ,. st \V • inc 188", K, McNaufjht, secretary and trc.is,,,, 1 ; U. (^ui«le'v, niuna.'cr Acme Silver Co., 44 a,.d 4(i Fr.,„t St., and H.", and .•!7 Wellington St, K. ' '' '""' ''''^'"""'^'-■'•' «*«•= "'«.. <«««; capital, dKXMHNi ; (^vruH irector l"'«>'<<-"t . Mms , . Pease, manaj-er, secretary and treasmer ; A. N. (ireenwooac?;;rS:''^:rs.C"rs.i^.<^TH'S'^ ^'•''•''^^- ""'"^'"««= --' '«7^= ^-^ Consumers' {}as Cn K. T '^'''V'^f' "«"* • "• «• t'lay, treasurer; .James Sargant, secretary. nr. S, W. Srtb.'':L':;;e ider" rH>rr;o? *V^°<*'««« ' ''-• A-*'"- P-ici^-. superintendent of worki. i ' ^ «"""""• "'ft»«ger and secretary; W. H. Pearson, Jr. Hi.^:Se!:^rS:!^^:Vi;?se:;;Sa^.tS:^.S!;^= '-'^^^ capital, 1.>0,0 »'y/"'=at North-western Teleeraph Co 08 Toro-c - K.Rope.- Hec^^tar;;.* •'''^•^'= "^^""""^ '*^'">'*'''' P-sidont ; Hon. W. bayley. "vice?pre«rdent; suiK-llnSSt.'''""""'"' '"'■ <'^""'*«'^>' '^-•""*° ««-. '-J« Front St. E. ; inc.. ,884 ; W. Walker, ,000 ; Stewart Browne, manager for Canada ; W. Fahey, agent at Toronto. Globe Printing Co. (Limited), 20 King St. E. ; inc., 18Bfi ; capital, J.IOCOOO ; Jas. Maclennan, B.C., president ; J. Cameron, general manager ; Charles W. Taylor, secretary-treasurer. f Gooderham oft»hire Fire Insurance Co., Arcade, Yonge St. ; inc., 1801 ; capital, £L847„500; IW. A. Sims, manager. Michael's Bay Lumber Co., i» Victoria St. ; inc., 188H; capital, »20,(»00 ; A. R. Christie, |>rosident ; VV. Kerr, secretary. Millers' and Manufacturers' Insurance Co., 24 (Miurcli St.; inc., 1885; capital, »2.'i0,000 • I lames Goldie, president ; W. H. Howland, vice-president ; Hugh Scott, managing director ; f 1 nomas Walmsley, treasurer ; Douglas Sutton, secretary. Muskoka Mill and Lumber Co.. 17 Manning Arcade ; fnc, 1875 ; capital and reserve, »275,(»00; H. Campliell, president ; .1. H. Mayne Campbell, vice-president. Muskoka Slide Dam and Boom Co., 17 Manning Arcade ; inc., 1880; capital, S.'JCOOO • A H ( ampbell, president ; .1. H. M. Clampbell, secretary. Massey Manufacturing Co., cor. Massey and King Sts. ; inc., 1870 ; capital, »200,000 ; Hart A. Massey, prosulent and manager; Chester I). Massey, vice-president ; W. E. H. Masaev, secretarv- ftreasurer. . < j Mail Printiim Co.. cor. Knv ami Kill./ Mtu . /■■..<.. „;.^„.l fin,,A Af.... iu.j/>. .-i-i M'jxjm-^x |1 . \V. Hunting, managing director; W. ,1. Douglas, secretary-treasurer. I,, Metallic Roofing Co. of Canada (Limited), 82i Yonge St.; inc., 1885; capital, »20,()0« ; K. Sawaill, president; , J. L. Thorne. secretary-treasurer. Aw.^''^'*'^^ Manufacturing Co.. 49 Front St. W. ; inc., 1873; ,1. McClarv, president; Peter IMcClary, vice-president; W. M. Gartshore, secretary; 1). McKillop, manager; Niagara Navigation Co. (Limited), 21 Front St., cor. Scott St. ; inc., I87H j capital, »ir)0,000 • JHon. liank Smith, president ;. I. Foy, manager. ] , DOMIN ION OF CANADA M ^Ti)'4:::7;r.™tXnrd. w''ooo'"°c?,."t ■ ';"=■ '.'»»■ "^ •!■«-•' a.. «. i>„„,i„ Mo,™ John L. Bl.lki., ,l„e.p„.Mo^T^. So0.1^''fMl"'fe''' ST' "'"'''.'""i "''°" " .»™..ry , I,. «. f-o..„. W,..rf„„?;*;,™Y"a™;r^^ '"-•'""'•' • *• •>• Atthon^t^pL^J nntiirio Brewing and Maltina Co 2fil k-,„„ t-*- ^^ • lho™.,p„.i,|.„.; Ti,o„..lVli.„,VMi,,':;S,';'„J- '~-l»»»i o.pit.].,2J0,««; W„,.l., «..«.," S™?^?o?ri^ ™.. ..» , cpi..,. „».« ^ h:„„. president ; F. Hannnet, see.-etarv-treaHm;" """''' = '"''•' '"^'"^ ' '"^l''"*'- »-'«.000 ; .1. M, Dollar Presbyterian News Co., 2(! and '>S I'Vonf M+ \v • , . office, H, York ClmmVr in' T^sr' ^"' "*/'*"'"'» d^imited). nigl.t office 20 Ki„. St W l Queen City Fire Ins Vn -jj. r'l i ui preRident; JanK>B Austin, Viceipresi lei rii^jrw^^^ """' '■ '''^L'.'^"'' ^'W.OW; W. H. Howland ^ Ro«or», (.'has., .t Sons Co .,5 a„ <; v u! ' '"»'aR.n« director ; Tl,„«. Walmsley, sec u. . . K,,.. p„.,.,;-- ;r;a^- -£;-;- - ; ,;::;• s^.^.;;.* k«j,,„k. T..,^sr !:sis-s--:teE:^i.r-;2,-.;«-™.^ ... ., t.,..,.,, p„,,.„, SliedJen Co. (Limitwll, ]-Vont St W . i. ...... j„„ ^;'°!*'«'J «"t»'-i(. an.l Manitoba l.a,„1 r.> ,r ;....._.> .,, CITY OF TORONTO 68 ) ; H. S. Northrop, president : St. E. ; inc., 1884; capital,] '0; by 8I)ecial Act of Domin. M.P., president; Hon. A. -li-n^'., managing director, jwan, preHident ; G. Booth,; »100,000 ; A. J. Somervill* !r. 'I |00; H. H. Cook, president:! ng director; F. Hammet.l M4 ; no capital ; Rev. J. K. I"; A. J. Pattison, supreniej capital, 82,50,000; Wm. ./, ; capital, 9100,000 ; Elias retary. treasurer. i. Peck, president; S. H. Schlicht & Field Co. (Limited), iJl Adelaide St. E. ; inc., 1886 j capital, »32.000 • Z A Lash I.e., president ; J. F. Lash, vice-president ; C. E. Jewell, manager f-i-.-'w , /- A. l.asn, fesSr:1.R^S,lSr;:t!^ii;J°^°"*" '*•' '"^•' '««"^ -pital,»3.000; J.L.Kerr, apit^a^S,^; l*r^TU:;t:sln[.'''"'^ ^'"- <^''^"*«'^'- '" "^^'^ ^'»'-"^-= »-. 1«79; Toronto Brewing and Malting Co., 270 to 284 Simcoe St. ; inc., 1874 ; capital, »100 000 • Alex j[8nning, president ; A. F. Manning, secretary-treasurer. • < ^»l '""■». ffiuu.uuu, Alex. Toronto Board of Fire Underwriters, I Wellington Hi. E. ; Robt. McLean, secretarv ^. Rit^e^retri- trt:"S ''°- ' '""•' *''' = '=^»"*'''' •'^•^= '^^ '■ «o--lie,' president ; /hiS';:=^^SSS;:w?;]!SA^.^'"« '*• ^-^ '"^- ^««^^ -^'^^•- »^-»««-««0' •^•^• ^crelaTtreas"!."?''' '''"'= ""•' '"'' = ''"P"*'' »'°-«« ' ^- *^- ^'-' l»--''^->t ^ «• Be""ett, IresiSeX*" ^"" ""'^ ^"""''"' ^'"''^ ^°- ^^ ^°"«' ^*- ' ""'- »*^*^ ' ''«?''*'• »3-"<»« = Orlando Dunn, fresiST:1..'i^tcZ'l,?,tc^e?arySet.,^^^ "'"- '«"^' -Pi^^^- »50.000 ; Sanderson Pearcy. Toronto General Trusts Co., 29 Wellington St. E • inc 1881 • rftiii(-«.1 «i (irvi ''«i.»»««^ A. «. ,™„,, p„.,a.„, .„, Toronto Lime Co. (Limited), 70 Esplanade St. E. • inc 1883 • canital ft7n >uw> ti, Jowdy, president; George FarquLr, vice-Uident ; Wm\ T Scott secret^reasS^ '^''°"''' preJ^"^"^^^^;^;^^'^^^^ ^'■^■■' --.^S^-'^ capital, 1100.000; H. T. Windt, [..ohe^rrffou^^lSdStTA^r&J:^^^^^^^^^^^ '*« ^""^^ «'• ' ^-' '««^ ' -P^al. »50.000 ; kcrelTTr cioneyllrSr^ ^"^ *^ ^°'"«* ^'- ^ '»- '««« ' ^P""^'' ''^-OOO ; E. A. Tesky, |P. s'^^rl^^sSSyiSr '*■''• = '""••'«^^' capital, »100,00«; Jas. Beaty, president ; fi4 DOMINION OF CANADA ino., 1887 nnderwritfi-s. I't^^iaent, itnRli hcott, inaim«i)i« directoi- ; ScoU A Walmslev, capitI?a(frri!'Se.;"pSS':'' Ftt.l''''' Association, 1. Toronto Htreet : The Canadian Llovd« -28 C /ni^lf S eet • "'nrT^r' "^'^TT'- president ; James Ansti ., vice-presWen IIucrl'oH '^^^^^ '"''"'i'''' * = ^^- "• Howlan.l, nndenvriters. <-'- piesment , "«gli Scott, secretary and manager ; Scott ,t Walmslev. Tlie Canadian Mutual Aid Associntinn 10 Kin-' «*rrnt ^'s - ;- v-s > ^t ancc; J^ ICennie, president ; A. Oifford. Meaiord, ':^cei:::::iden;V W^v"^^ '^^^'^ '"^"' ;884TttlZ^n:;;Sl?:cii^-Zf ^°\?^^^^ Aread., KiS S^.t ; in, .. capitiii CITY OF TORONTO lingH; Wni. Iii<;e, preHideiit Alfnv cupitiil I") ; capi ecrctary Street ; tal, »:i(MMMtO; treasurer, inc., ]HK(i ; S200,()00 ; Fred. K.'.Wyl,! etor ; Scott A- WalmBley,; roiito Street; inc., 1887; ; W. H. Howlaiid, ager ; Scott A Walnisley. IHSO ; Mutual Life Iimur- 1 Pago, secretary. King Street West ; inc., ] ill. S. H. Blake, Robert I *ging director. St. ; inc.. 1H78 ; capital. inc., IHHti : capital, ft-.fl.OOO ; \V. S. K(!v. A. 1''. McCrregor, secretary ; capital ■ctor. Union Publishing Co. of Ontario (Limited), !) Bav St. ; )well. secretary-treasurer ; F. J. Prior, manager. Upi)er Canada Tract Society ; Hev. .1. Denovan. president Young, depositary. Upper Canai7« 1885 $ 4,8(>7,aiU 12,IXH),00() 2,(«l(),0()« fi.n(Ki,()0(i l,o(Jlt,(l()0 i,2ri(),ooo i,.")«(),COO 3,79«,2IK) 2,0U),I)(K) 1,50(1,(100 2,BOO,1K)0 2,0J( 1,000 4S1),!I10 Sir Donald Hmltli (Ieo. (iooilerhani H. W. Darling Janie^ Austin H. Nordlieimer H.S, Howland A. Allan TlicmHs Workman Hlr W. P. Itowland Hon. J. (i.Uows W. F. (lov/an Alex. Mauulug Wni. Orindla.v, Manage r Conn, liiough, .Manager 1), t'oul.-on H. K, Walker, «en. Mgr. U. H. Belhune a. W. Yarker, (Jen. ,VIgr. D. H. Wilkte K. F. Hi'hdeu, A.Mgr.T.B. <'. A. I'ipon. Mgr. of T.B. C. Ilollanil. «en. Alan. J. Walker, Mgr. oi' T.H. •I. I,. Hrodle H, S. Sirath.v, (ien. Mgr, FoKKUiX Co.Nsri.s. Uiiiteil Sl(iU'.i.—C. W. Wagner, (Joiisul, 100 Bay Street. Fiwice.—W. ,T, Macdonnell, Consul, 34 Church Street. //««;«i/an.-(ieorge W. Shaw, Vice-Consul, 10 King Street East. Arnentlne R,'jH,bli,:-mco\ Kingsmill, Consul, Wellington Street East ; Frederic Nicholls, Vice- fonsul, Permanent Plxhibition. liepublk of L(6f'nV(.— Frederic Nicholls, Vice-Consul, Permanent Exhibition. Sctherlamh.~l^. Homer Dixon, Consul ; A. N jrdheimer. Acting Consul. Si.rwaii «»'! Swedeii.-^.l. S. McMurray, Vice-Consul, IH King Street West. r„'niuiiiy.~a. Nordheimer, Consul, 15 King Street Fast. //«/»/.— Enrico Bendelari, Consul, 50 Front Street East. yimr,7, -George Musson, Vice-Consul, 30 Front Street East. Educatioxai,. The importance of Toronto as an educational centre may be inferred from the statement that t contains Universities, Colleges, Schools of Science, Public and Private Schools to the number of 10, among which may be mentioned the following partial list ; Collegiate Institute. Wycliffe College. Upper Canada College. Hchool of Practical Science. University of Trinity College. Toronto Baptist University. / fAciV* ^ . ^ University of Toronto. Bishop 8tn«3han School. ^ Knox College. Toronto School of Art. St. Michael's College. Normal and Model Schools. Viid several other private schools and institutions ot merit. Schools of the best order, freely ccesBible to the iioorest child in the city, are in daily operation in every part of the citv. m DOMINION OF CANADA LIBRAIU^;H. Normal Scliool Librurv, St .ruin»«- h 42.000 volumeB; Os^oode Hall Library Queen ,. •"'' """^'^■" = ^"'>'''= ^^'brary, Church HtrM Richmond Street Eant; Parliament Library Pa.-I ' ' "''= *^''""''**'"' ^''^t't'" Library. ''""'*'^> ' ^ "' '"*"-'t U„il,lin«.. 2.VK),, vol„n.es ; IT„ivers,: Cotiailian Iiistitidc. National Socictiks. Caledonian Sooietv, VV. D Mi>Tnfnsl. ij,.„„ /< I-h catholic Bene^lent A^!:^:;;: "l; ^X Z'^'l^T'^' " ^^' "^'■^ ^- Society. John Bailie, Sec; St. Andrew's Society 7 . . ' °*'''"" '''"""''"' G. Beardmore. Pre«. "' ''^ '' ''*"''"'''^"' '''•-• = «^- «-rge'. Socie- v 1 Catht 4 Bible I2 liaplii 10 I'resb CITY OP TORONTO 57 THE CHURCHES. ubiic Library, Church Htrwj volumes; Canadian Institui [a, 2.V)0() vohiines; TIniversr One of the titles of the Queen City of English Canada is " The City of Churches," a name whose bropriatcncss can l.e seen l,y any visitor who watches the heaven-pointing spires that rise from everV |rt of Toronto, ami form a leading part of our city. The ■lowing is a list of the principal churches. iw St. Andrew's King and Simcoe "is Street Jarvis and Cerrar.l. nes Street Agnes and Teraulay. tholic Apostolic Gould and Victoria. ri'l ■'^trt'et Bond and Wilton Avenue tchmond Hall Richmond, near Vonge. .James' Cathedral Church and King. ©irist Church Simcoe and Caer Howell. ttibrew Synagogue 29 Richmond Street East. Lutheran 114 Bond Street. Mt'tiopolitan (Jueen and Church. St. Michael's Cathedral Shuter ami Bond. fiirst Unitarian '. . . .206 Jarvis Street. New Jerusalem Elm Street Society of Friends 28 I'enilwke Street. f. Solvation Temple James and Albert. — — ', — fiiii " — Si. Jama' Culludral. L'iety, N.L. Steiiier, Pres. 1 Protest,aiit Benevolenlj ss. ; St. George's Societv.l Deniiniluntlon. Catholic Apostolic. Bible Christian. 12 Baptist. |6 Presbyterian. No. Di'iiomliiatloii. 2 Episcopal (Ref.) 6 Congregational. 2 Christadelphian. 25 Episcopal. No. Dciiomlmitlon. I Hebrew Synagogue. I Lutheran. 22 Methodist. 9 Roman Catholic. No. Denomination. I Unitarian. I New Jerusalem. I Society of Friends. 6 Salvation Army. 58 CITY OF TORONTO Charitable Or<;anizations. Toronto is rich in henevoient and charitable institutions for the relief of the siclt and nee.lv . k these the Toronto General Hospital is entitled to the first place. ,t is situated on the nor h Le space of (our acre,, and are 170x120 feet in dimensions. The I.eautiful park-like grounds which surround .he building were laid out under the skilful superintendence of the late Mr. Mudfe The House of Providence, on Power Street, is a worthy rival of the (ienera! Hospital It i supported by our Catholic citizens, and is one of the most noteworthy of Toronto's public edified The Lunatic Asylum is located on Queen Street West, opposite Dundas Street. i"/. Andrew's Chtinh, King St. IVest. grant'of S.^''"^"" "°"'"" '' ""'"'''"'' by voluntary contributions, aided by ayearly Governmen; The Hospital foi- Sick Children is situated at 84 Jarvis Street. The Asylum for Incurables is on Dunn Avenue. Parkdale. and is an institution which well meri. the support of the kindl.earted and charitable. ..li.f^,n',h°'"'"fi''"""r' ^"7. '"'""•">' '-^-^^^^ °n Ri'-l'-ond Street East, and gives gratuito.. ehef.o those sufler.ng from diseases of the teeth, and is peculiarly a valuable institufion in aflor" i allev.aUon topams wh.ch. excruciating enough, more often (from some unknown reason) excite :. '-'v rather than the sympathy of our fellow-men. »""; excite mei T at a sn T from I In unohtr their b Tl for Sicl CITY OF TORONTO 09 fof the sick and needy, uf situated on the north side of is well chosen from a hygiene rhe Hospital Huildings covit a ;ifHl park-like grounds which le late Mr. Mudie. the (General Hospital, oronto's public edifices. IS Street. It led by a yearly Governmen: titution which well merilil East, and gives graluitousi able institution in afforcintf nknown reason) excite ihej I years of at;e. ^ ^ ' "'''° ""^ ""'""'"='"« of destitute little boys under four T Streeu!*^ '""" ''""' ^'^ ""' ''" '"''"""'^ '^ "" ^"-'^ «"«'- »>«'-«" Sackville and Sumach |from'l;:s;;ra;d;;::::r:^Z^;;r'^'^^^"'"""'^^ "" asylumtochUdrenof oiaer growth ,aken The Infarcts' Home, or In'.rmary, i, situated on St. Mary Street, between Vonee and rhnn.l eil •;■;" .f """'r '^'"'^'"« "'''''' the little ones whose parents an^f lends a^e i'a.^aS 'J^ •'-> ' l^a?%i HiiB *'' "« "ame the public streets. ^ "'^' f'"''"^ ^" ''°"^=' ^"' hard living in • at . sm^Il!";!' Tr" ^"'""'*' °".'!°"' ""•='' " ^ '-^^"^""'^ -■-'''"'■- -1-h P-vides gratuitously or at n small cost, lodging fbr young g.rls employed in the city who have no homes of their An. The St. Nicholas Home is a similar institution for the benefit of young boys. I from?/tJrpT "'''""'' """""* '"'=°' '='"^^' ""=''''='"^ '° '^^ -"-''°-- J' - open daily ,,,.K!L•:!l'''!";:-'!'!,t-^"f ""f '';" ": '. """'" °' °''^' orgam^atlons which in an :. .'V 7 ••"•/ ""= ^'"'"« "■"'^'^ B°°'^' '">d are playing the part of the good Samaritan, in "casting their bread upon the waters." They will reap their reward. "'an, in casting forsSVvn'''*'""'"' f"''it"e children, the Convalescent Home in connection with the Hospi.M for Sick Children, occupies a site on the west point of Toronto Island, nearly ,00 yards north weT of •^ 60 CITY OF TORONTO the lighthouse, and the g.-.me distance from the south shore of the Mnn.l Ti, i n- • wa.. fro. the doc. at Hanian's Poin,. and the plot of" r/ol'^o: t'i ' i. T iT'lT l^sTd ZT Corporn,.on of the Cty o Toronto, as the d.e.l states, -'so that a Convalcscenr I ^ for si k Chddren shall be erected thereon in connection with the Hospital for Sick Children/' iTeseLtiu tions number thirty in all. 'u«cii. iiicieinsmu- objec?' ■'^'"'"■''°' "°'''""' '" '^" '"''"" P'"'"''' °^ •*'' "^"y' '""'^'^""y -P'"!"" ^y its name its It is a city abounriins in secret beneficiary societies, nearly every society having representatives here The c.ty has attained consideralde celebrity on account of its pLoticn and encou~ , sports and games, in which so.ne of her sons have won distinguished laurels. •^"'^""fagement of The Puiii.ic Huildin(;s of Toronto. Besides the ecclesiastical and educational edifices. Torontoposses.es many public buildinrsof a .gh degree o .architectural merit, as in the case of th.- Post OtTice. the Cu'stom IIou , ,e new Manning Arcade, the Vonge Street Arcade, the Public Libr.iry. and O.goode Hall. Uitiveisily of Toronto. Other public buildings we have.it is true, such as the old Parliament House and the City Hall, which belong to an altogether past period of Toronto's history, and respecting which the edict of public opinion has already gone forth that they are to be replaced, and that speedily, by something worthy of the greatest city of Canada's most intellectual and progressive province. Puiii.ic Parks and Pi.Ariis of Amusement. High Park is a large tract of land covered with trees and flowers, which, through the t^enerosity of Mr. Howard, w.is a few years since donated to the city. It is situated between Parkdaleanil the River Humber ; is reached by both suburban trains and streetcars, and, with its undulating scenery, forms one of the most attractive spots in the vicinity of the city. Hanlan-s Island, so named as having been the birthplace and residence of the famous oarsman, Edward Hanlan, is to Toronto what Coney Island is to New York. From early morning \n late ?.i night a ceaseless stream of ferry boats ply from the various landings, and in the summer season thousands are annually transported to this highly favored resort. At the eastern CAtremity are the Wiman Baths, erected by the generosity of Mr. Erastus Wiman, who, though a resident of the United .States, at all CITY OF TORONTO 61 The building is ao minutes t is built was leased by the onvaliscent Home for Sick 1< Children." These insiitu- lly explairs by its name its aciely having representatives oticn and encouragement of many public buildings of a e {-ustom House, the new i Hall. t House and the City Hall, I which the edict of public ly, by something worthy v\ through the ijenerosity ( en Parkdale and the Rivi i lulating scenery, forms on ;e of the famous oarsman. ! early morning tn late -; : summer season thousam < lity are the Wiman Baths, ■ the United States, at all times has n.anifes.ed a keen interest i„ ,he land of his birth , In the centre i. the Isl.nd Tark on which a considerable sum of money has been exo..n,U,l ,n i ..»,;.,k . = isianu i ark, on wliich Qu^eH^sPark form, the central point of recreation in the city, and is studded with beautiful trees • a compruses some 50 acres, and is ap,,roached fron. . .ueen Street by one of the fi^e't av nue "?h; Do..mo„ or perhaps on ,he continent. Here the Parbamen. buildings, designe i to le r,"" gn ,"c n p.le 01 archuecture. are in the course of erection. X hand.sou.e n.on.nforlt in tins park ecor-hh lee" "uVi";^:.r;Xy:a^^^^^^^^^^ r..J''l ^^r"''"'""-''' ^'"■'/"" "re situated on the west si.le of Sherbourne Street, and form one of the r a" r'Jf .ri:: '^:i'v^''T. ''""=^""^'" «--'— p^^^^ .. .heSnenre:; oyer a sp.icc o ten acres, all of which are highly cultivatt.l. They were first < pencd to the public or the occasion of the v.s.t of His Royal Highness the Prince of Wales, in .86u. ' Uigooiie Hall. .r. JfrT''' ^'Z'' '"• ''l'^- '" '^^ *"'"" '^°''"°" °f '^^ "'y' ""' '° Tnnity College, offers special attractions to residents, in this vicinity. =6^, uncrs special tabletnT T^' '' "f °f' ^« "'""''"' '4 miles from Toronto, and consists of 75 acres of elevated table land : has a fine hotel surrounded with lofty trees In the summer „, „ 1 '/ , I °' elevated and in a visit to this delightful spot one of the mLt pLasai: lakerpTma; be eJ^Jld'^ '''' '''''"'' Long Branch is situated between Lome Park and the Humber River, and is well worthy of . v!.W aflordmg another delightful excursion by water. A first-class hotel is located n T mid, of S l.cturesque grounds, and many cottages have been erected in the neighborhood for summeT rtidelces '...ef^nrji^Xd" ^^t'tuJ-^r- \ "''""•" "'"':' °" "" ^'°P'"^ '"""^ ^''^'^"'"e '^-" •" 'h. Don River. an.H -Is a re;;XatLrrdrrgrr °' .he eastem portion of .he .ty. It is most tastefully laid'out. and fresh i S::f^;rt:::Z," ^ "''•"-' "-'^™ -^^^ •™''^- -^^ ^^^^ '«ee numbers seek the shel. ' this pi ea^ani spot ;er and 62 CITY OF TOKONTO and roof, of g,a«. and Tflord. 1^ hie accol ;:,al„ I ' :h'' 1'' '""=' '°""'""""^- -'^-'«'- The whole of ,he l.uil.ling, on .heeronnd! S.Tn kT ."J* "''^'"'•S'""' "hihi.ion of goods. time n.arly $300,000. The ^roun^ 1; ni 'Te 60 "'"" ''""" '""'•""^* '^"" "^ '" 'h^' p'"- of Canada. They are most LJ^ioclZoZl shor ", 7 t" ";!'• """ "^ """' '" '^« '^°"""'- of the city, and from them a splendid view of To, n! I . "^' °"'"'°' "" '*"' *«'"" """'«i"^ be obtained . They are easy of access InTcal ^^ .' T ")' '""""""""K -""'ry and ,h. ial Horticultural Gardens. Railway Facimiiks. The Canadian Pacific Railway marks one of the most successful ,n 1 • .• country, and its consummation has in a marked cl..r.rH '"""''"' ""'' 8'8''""<= operations of this Dominion. Traversing the continent irJeen the AM " f ""^""°" "^ 'he Old AVorld ,0 thi. Dancia idedj fe l)anl •listed i lancini 3hn I. i'alker, »r'y-tW( is alsc tates ai iti'l Aus liuda. Blue of capital o ticnrjily i to $6,0< |l,J02,4 $12,494,1 was mac amount IIKPIIKHKNTATTVE BUHTNESS MEN 63 ifthe River Don ; the grounds he park, passing through the fin. Lord Diifferin, Inle Governor brick foundations, with sides itageous exhibition of goods, lilding, cost up to the present ire the finest in the Dominion rio, on the western outskirts ng country and the lake, can by the (irand Trunk Railway try, ha.s in a v.ist degree r the Great vvV-siern, th. been aptly designated th< ig trade centres of Canada, s of line. igantic operations of this of the Old World to this , on solely British soil, it ipire, while opening up a to our western territory. )r Ottawa, or to the north riNANCI.^I. iXSTITUTIONS, AKCHITHCTS. HTC. BANKS he, Canadian Bank of Commerce, I IN( ORI'DKAim AND OrKNKI) KOR Bl/SINKSS, 1867; HKAIi On H K, TOKONTO, ONIM CAI'ITAI. I'AIDUl', $6,000,000; Kk.SI, $800,000. The banking houses of Canaiia are a sure index of commerclnl prosperity ; and prominent .imong Ue is the Canadian Hank of Ccmmercf, which j Ids a leading position aniont: its financial insti- 1 lliona. Since its incejition in 1867 it has been Ider the ninnagcmcnt of practical and competent fcn, and at the present day thero arc few banking luses in the Dominion which may claim higher $800,000. The b.ink has recently moved into it.s new an,ooo, while the deposits, which were 1,302,480 at the end of the fiist year, are now 112,494,000. At the time the first annual statement las made the assets were $2,297,081, now they ■nount to $22,596,520, and there is a rest of Merchnntfi' Bank of Canada. Cai-itai., $5,799,200; Kks I, $2,335,000; IIkai) Okkicf;, MONTREAI.. This is one of the strong financial institutions ..f the country, and since its organization in i86S has l)efn under the management of practical and compe- tent men. To-day it stands in the front rank of the banking houses in the Dominion. The business of the bank IS of a general chat.icter, and letters of I credit are Lssued, available in Europe, China, Japan, and other foreign countries. The followirg comprise the Board of Directors : Andrew Allan, Esq., presi- dent; Kobert Andeison. Esq., vice-president ; Hec- tor Mckenzie, E,q., John Duncan. Esq., Jona'.han Hodgson, Esq., H. M. Allan, Esq.. John Cas.sills, Jvsq., J. I. Dawes, Esq., and T. H. Dunn, Esq. Mr. (.eorge Hague is general manappr .anrl Ir^hn , GauU, branch superintendent . The pnid-up caoitai ; °'. '"*^ ''«"'^ "s $5,799 ?no, an increase of $279,200 within the past ten years, while the Rest is now $2,335,000, having been increased $200,000 during the past year. The deposits ten years ago were :))7.29t>.ooo; now they are $9,309,000, while the 01 CITY OF TOMoNTo lo.mH iiml ciiciiliiliiiii liiuc iiicrcRscd ciinrsiuMiiliiit^lv. A siuiii^H iiiiiH'iil (.■« Hues .if lli(> illHlillllinll, llii.licy |i.'||i(. tc, •.•!%(., I I. II .lr|Misit ill liny Htr.nml Idiii .im-.l.illur im, iiiiil iiilcr csl nll„we(l nl (!>. Iiiiil (I rnic ns U ciiinisicnl Willi MMiii.l 1 kiiin. Siu'ciid iilirnii.iii is ijivni In oillrcliiiin (.11 llip U, S. riu'liuiiK |ih» Uvcnlv SIX liruiiclirs ill Oiiiniio, CM-liisiv.- os.Hil)lr 1.1 c.n.liicl iiiiv l>iinl> Mici'ssliilly Willi. ml llu' nclivc c.i (i|i<'rnli.iii .il iis rin|)|.)yfcs, llii' oiHlniil iiiin (if llii'niiinii(;r'ii.ii|.il llu- "Mciclini'ils"' sincr iis liisi ..iniiiii/uii,.n, lins hocii l.iin.i.'iiHc ihr rlli.ion.v i>( llic sliill rtl nil |H.inis nn.l i.. o.nMnnllv rcwiii.l ,iliiliiy an, I uticnli.in .lisplnvcl hy MK..|ii|il..y. C('s. I'll.' pii'inis.'s .3..ii|,ii'.l, .111 'Wrl|jn(;l.in Slr.'il Wfsi nciir V..MI.,', .11.' iluM.I.I.'si l.,iiilv l.iiil.lin^;, in ItiLiniii; yci llic inl.ii.ii niiiinni'niinls nn.l n|.|i.iinl nicnl-srcin pcifci'l in I'vciy .l.'inil. « liil.' ||,r ..iiiwm.l ii|i|irnninii- is, nriliili-iMiinilly. pl.n'.iiiu i„ ih,- <-vr, nn.l ..r a Mili.l iin.l •iiilHiiuilinl .limnclci. Tlic n'n,i giicorss .i( ih,' |„ii,|, h,i, liei'ii iii.iM iiimkc.l, iiiul iis fuliirc (iiiili.iik is crinally cnciiiirncinK. ,Mrifsnn.\ liiiiik iNcdurok.MKii iiv Air nr rAUIIAMKNI, I.S5S;llKAI.OlllCK, MoNIKKAl; r\ll)UP CAI'IIAI,, $J,000,OC»! Kksi Iiinii, $1,075,000. , This Is ,mp of ihc t.l.lesliililishcd nii.l sii.mi' lln.iii nal insiii,iii,,ns ..I ihr !)„niini.,n. mid ..cnpirs ,1 l.'S.linU |">'»iii>>n niiLiii^; ih,^ ImiiKiin; Ii'mis.-s ,,r i|i,< niiiiilry. Il was in...rp..riil.-.l in iSiJS, .iii.l sine- ihr ilre.l .-apiml is $^.«<..,«k,. whi.h IS lully pni.l up, while llu- tesi is $i,,,7. .^.o . Ihe enrniiim f'M Ihe pnsi yeni heiii^ $.!7{,|.,, ,,, „; more llmii Ihiileen per .-enl. iip,.n the enpiinl ol'ihe Imnk I UM,reel.„,„re.|.ll. K.,M.,|s„„,p,„,i,|^,„. U, W. .Shephet.1, vice presi. lent i Sir l>, I, \l,,,. j;heni.m, K.C.M,(;.. ,s. ||. Kwin^, |.;„,,, ^ ", . I'^.|. ' |." XenernI nmn. ^er nml A. I) t'nion /I, ink of Cenitulti. i'miiai I » III', $I,.!.H),IK)() ; Kll-,! U\K|) I'llNII, $J!.K),. .. IlKADDiii. If, i,(tiiriiiM : Wi-iiiN.iioN Sinn 'ruHoNid. This sIr.inK linnniinl insliluii.in wnn .iij;.iin ni.iie ihan n .pmrlei ..l n CMiliiiy .!(>.., nii.l has ii Ihc lirsi inkeiia l.'H.iint; p.isiii.in ain.iiinihe haul the hiiiiiini.in. Caiehil .in.l .•..lupeleni maiiaj;. m lias cnli.ilU'.l il since its ..l^anlf.^lil)l|, an. I 11 i always liecii liel.l in hi^ll .Meriii l,y ihe haul i e..miiiniiily. 'I'he p;.i,l up .'apiml is $i,^,k),iuk,. , there is a reserve liin.l ,i| $/(m,. ini. The nel pi. I.'r Ihe y.'nr cinlint; hme ,{... iS.ii'.were $1 15,1,1 | . an.l.il lliisiim.Mini $5.i,(K)ii was a.l.U.I l.ilheirs. 1 Ihe .lepi.siis have sl.'a.lily inerease.l ri.,ni y.Mi year an. I renulai .livi.len.ls have I.een pai.l ihe si.., h.il.leis. The ll.mrd . ('. Th.miMs.in, l•;^.p Mr. !■ Wel.li is cashier iin.l Mr. j, j. Hil|..||, insp,. i I he liaiik has si\ hinnches in (iiiinri.., iw.i in .' lice, .ine in ,Maiiil..|.a an.l ..ne in ihe N..rlh \\ leriilories. while il lu.s l..lei^;n n(j. nis in I,,,i„i. I'.nu., New Voik, ll..,(KKj, II. ,s. limvi \ rKKslliKNT! I). K. Wll.KIK,, CAsIIIK.K, jKNNiN.is, iNHi'KcroKi 34 Wki.i.inii I'liN .StumI IsAsr, Any nliempt lo review ihe ninnufactufinu -.-.i eommeieial ics.iiirees of „ny Imsiness ceiiire n. k'lve a p.isili.iii of the liisl in.ii.irlaiice l.i ilie li.,i> Mu\ m.im've.l insiiuiii.ms. -f'licy |,„|,| ,|,p inclliini ,il .'x.hai.t;e helw.'en trade .enlies .. ..eeupy the p.i.siii.m ..f arl.ileis I.elweeii .lel.lo.s ^ut ••le.lilors. I he sucess nn.l nl.iliiv .lisplaye.l in ilJ manauemenl l.irm an imporlam link l,y whi. I, J eslimalenn.l value the .•oinmcr. iai slnmlini: ol itj e.mimnniiy wh.-ie iheir inlhieiice isfeli.amla ,\J iiupeeli.iii of their re..ources,{i,es n valiinl.le in.l,. ",'«' "-'on.! n ol nil business inleresls. The |l„i,|, lMH;lan.l, ihemosi iniporlnnl linnncinl insliiuli.m j tlie w.irl.l, was inc.irpornicd in lO.i,); in the f.ill,..J ii.K y,'ar ihe llank ..f .S,-.ii|„ml was .-.msiiiule.!. v.l. i in I7,S| Ihe Hank of Irclnml spianj; into exisi, 1,. ales. Mr. ('. A. I ■iin. r iheii ihe h.Tnkiii^; sysi,.,i, I who Bhiy mnnaues ihe T..ronlo llrnneh. hns eiiMiip.'Iri uii.li i!i« l.».,l, r ' . m, parlsof ihecivili/cd woil ins exiende.l l. co'inecicd with the Imnk f. IhorouRh praclieni nker wll'ii'a'wi.'l sntl a InrReniid exiemlcd ncpiainlann ir many years, ami is n «" experience an.l mosi irusle.l linanci Ihe I li'-h inperitti Hank of t'annd .Vnioiijj ,iur liesi ki al h..iises III the Donii ed s.iiiii- tlilrtr which since then hoa I nndn. which was en years ajj'., and ihe hlsl.iy iccn one ol slea.ly pro(;tf( II K I'll KS K N T A T I V K lUr s I N ICSS M I] N *)5 r>/' Cminih), tMiiAi I' 1 i ls| H\ I'll KUM., $j,x), '.•I'l'.iiiM : Wr.i i.iNiiiDN Sim iiuial insliliiilon wns oinm I 'il II (•■'iilmv nn", Biid luis I liiijt |"isilill. . Vm\., pii'Midnil ; Hon I I ; Sii A, T (will, (i.i'.M .1. Iliilr, i;,H.i., 11,111, 111,.,, .'. 'I'lii)iii|is, oioiilo Itrniich, wliirh is lor,: 1 Slicrl Wfsl, orntpirs n ., lire, whicli lias nil nir ol soli.i Ir Nvithlhcchnincli'rol llirh,, ilrrior nppiiiiuiiicius nir ., y Hrrnii^ril. ami iliorc is v\n :c of I'luiiK'ss ntlivily ninl \ « 11 Mirc iiiiU'X of n pios'p. 1, nluii); limiitc. i' "/' f'liiiiliht, ('An I > . .$()i«),ix)o. U.S. Ijuwi w !<• Wii.KiK, Camiiik . Iim; 34 WKI.l.lNltroNSTUii [•view the iiimnilncluriiii^ 1 i I'f miy liiiKiiicss rnitro i,,, f (irsl iniiiorlmuT lo ilio li.u. '!""■'. They hiihl ihe i:m I'l'lwrrii Irnilo i-fiilic», :»' f nrhilris lirlwrcli ilrlilois m <»fl!nl nliiliiv ilisplnyril in ih, I iniporlnin liiil* l,y whii I, , 1' miiiincri inl ulniuiiiii' ol 1! ir illllnciicr ialvU, iiii.T n ,1,. Mirers j{i\rHi» vnliiniilc iml, \ ^inrssiiiicrruin. 'Ijip Hm,!, porlnnl linniirinl iiisliiiiii,,!' irnlcil ill Km),); i„ iiip foil, . iO'llniiil wns riMiMiliilril, «lw Irclninl Hptnii); into rxisi, nn llj; sysliin iins rxIriKJcil Ih "iM. AiiiiHi); our hrxl |i|.. and the linn, A\r\. .\lorrjfi. j Hie responsilile duties of eashier aie nlilv dis l»i|;ed l.y I), K Wilkie, jisii , n neiitliimin of Ti:e evperieme in Imam ial mntlers. hi slion. ihr ■me-, <>| those assneinled wiih the Iniperinl Hank •»ii"iiviiioiis wiih loniineii'ial pioliiiy nml iiite)- |> , ail, I thi-ir eoniieitioii wiih this eoipornlioii ^;ivr» ^ Iradiin; poHition miMiij; the sound, well iminaijed iiiiiitions of the country. he Ihnninian ISnnk. <'Al'irAl , $i,i;()(),oih); KiM'KVI.-. JMiNli, $l,,ti.o,,KH. ; IlKAII Ollll I, 'I'l'miN 1(1. 'Iiei.' are few iiistiiiiiions ol lii,;hcr liimneial iiidmn ihnii the llominioii llmik, wliuli \vnsoi(4nii Id 111 i.S;^, simo wliieh time it has he, 11 iiiidei the li,a(;emeiit of nlile. prnetiinl nml eoinprienl men. apilnl sioek is .$1,501. ,0011, and the leseive d .tl-.^MMx;!). Il I, Ihe only Imnk in Cnnnda "■'• vest so nearly apptomhe^ the enpitnl, The " 'II- are $.S. 1 |(,„S75. nml are cm dcd liy only '■'ilier linnksinthe Dominion. The net piolits lllii' vrar emlini; May iS\\\, |,Si)o, weie$2,,,S, j,S,(. i<, Itch 1 ,1 lietler l.llo«||l^ than any other Caiiadimi hkiii |iroporliiuiloilsi-npiinl. A ycneinl liankini; ►iness I done, dinfts on nil pnrts of ihr I'liited lies. (, rent llrilain, nml the eonlinrnl of JMirope lik'ht and sold, nnd leltern of eicdil issued nvailnlile Til pnrlH ol Kiiiope. Cjiinn nml japnii. The lol- hliK eompri.se the Honrd of riiirnors ; lames |"liii. KHip, picsideiil i lion, I'rniik .Smith,' viee fMdeiit ; Williniii Inee. Ks.|,. hMwrnd Lemlley, t'o .'■ .• '\''""'ewK, i:si|,, nml !•:. n. (),iri. [■:si|. !• K. 11. Helhuiie is enshler, ,Mr. U. I). (Jmnlile ilMnnlenshier. and Mr. Wnllfr Harliii,;, im.peetor. IT linnk ha^ sixteen l.rnnrlies in Oiitniio, imiudinu ■•iMilo. and has Hurneies in New York, London, <.,nnil Monlrenl ! while eollcetions nic made nt ►esi tnles 011 nil points in ('nimdn. the liniinl lies nml ( .rent llritnin. The picmUcs oreupi. d nl I "'■'■"'^ iMiiKnnd N'onge sUeem me Inri-e nml l.modimis the l.uildiiiK MnviiiK n plcnMnK niehi ■liirti elleel nml n solid nml hnndnomr nppemnncc |c Ulterior nnpohiiiiiri!!}. gr;. u,.i.-j-...j.! i„,j ,.,..' I lie. wliHc the luisineM of the imililuiioii"i,' irnns led with n ,y"lem and leKulnrily which lieM.enki. ftil linnkiiiK iminnKement. The eashier, NIr, K, "eihmip, hns lirrn limp, eonne ted with this well »>wn Imnk, and is nn nlilo iukI exjicrienccl The Tradrrn' linnk o/' ('nnniln. At iiiok. l/lli CaIIIAI , $|,IKK1,.HH1; (AIIIAI I'AIIMI', $S.|a,()(K); Kl,s|. $j(),urK). lloldituT n prominriil plme nmnnn the linniirinl instiiiilioiis. mil onlv of ihis eitv. liiii ol ilie enure Kimiinion, is the ■|ra' linnk o| Canadn, ulmli oeeiipies spneious, v#i||.niinii);ed nml hnmlsoniely .iiini^lied ipiaiters in its new liiiiliiinj; on \oiinr Si, This hank opened lor Imsin.ss in |idy. i.S.Ss, with nn nuthiui/id lapiial ol $1 ,<,ihi,ooo, o| wlii'i Ii .'jiiio,- (i.i.S,.).) was pai.l up Simc il was liisl slarle.l it hnx lieeii undei ihr lonHol of cnieliil nml eonipiieiit inniinj;enienl. und its sm eess has l.reii most mmked, rlie lirsi annual s nleineni showed a ml piohi of $JI,7.S5.7.S, while Ihe last ^ives this ns $ (d, i.|,(.4,S ,'"""« lliepasi yrnr $5.. have heen mldrd 1,, ihr Kisi A.eiuint, Iniiiyini; this total up to $^ii,( ,,i>. The |iaiil up enpital ii,,w miMuiils to $5,(^,(,iki. Ihe directoisol the lunk nre .\\r\. Mmmiii);, KMp.presi- dent ; \V. Ilrll. |:sip, (iuelph, viee piesiilinl ; A. A. Allan, Ksi|.. 1 1. II .C.ok. l;s,|,, M.p., s. M, Kinmm. ••■■•'I., U.Snellinn. I'^^'l.. I.I.. D, i.i.r.. ami Koli 11 lliiiinpsoii. h;s,|., Ilmnition. .Mr, ||. S. Siialhy is (jeiieinl mminjiei and is «ell known to Ihe ImsinesH eomniiiiiiiy ihrou|-linul lie Dominion, and Mr. Munrt Sliathy is iiispc.i .. Ihe Imsiness of ihc ■niik hnviii,;oiilj;iowii the aeeoinmodntioii nlloided liy the ollieis Inimerly oeeiipird, Mr. .MiKiiinoii, one ol the diieelors. deiided to erect more suilalile premises, mid Ihe lesidi was ihe pnsent luiildinc wliieh Ihe hank hns leased h.i a term ol yems nt n inoiieiaie rental, will, ihe ri^;ht to purehnse at n li.xed toil, Til prire within n slat, !„.riod. the new oltiees nrc ■ enlrnlly sitiinled, aliMidinu every ■ oiiveiiieme lo eusloiners, nml ample proteeiion lo the l.ank's seenr ilies- There ate liflecii lirnmli iiHues, disiriliuled ns follows: Ayliner, Drnyloii, Klmirn, (deiieoe, Cuelpli, Inmiiioii, In^i-rsoll, l,enmin,;ion,( iiillia. Port Hope, Kid);elowii, Si, Mary's, ,Sarnin, Mrnlhioymid Tilson. liiil>;. The loiei({ii ImnKers nre : (Iteat lliitain, The ^National linnk of Seollaml; New Vork. The Ameiii an ■ AC lanne Nalionnl Hank ; Mniitnal, Ihe (.liielier Hank. The nllnirs of the hank me in n prosjieroui e indiiion nml its lulure prospeotn .ire nioiil cncour- nKiiij;. Onfnrio fitink- iuhnkk Smit and Wmi, INiUuN SiKlKts, ToKoNlo. C, Hill I AM), (iKM'UAI. ManAUI'K, Any niicmpi to review the manufaeliiriiiK nml eonimereinl resources ol any Imsiness eenlie iim.iisiliim of nrhilers lielweni delilom nml eredilots, Ihe sinres, nml nhilily ilisplny.d in ihrir mnnnKcnunt lonns nn linporlBnt link hy whii h lo cstininle nml vnliie the eonimereinl slnmfiiiij of ilir eomnmnily where their iiiMiienee is lell. nmln cUw ins|.eelion of ihcir resonrerx ^ives n valunlile index I" the ciMidilion of nil husinrss interests. I liddiiiu n prominent position nnnmi^ the inonelnrv insiitnlionit t.f ihr Immiiii.iii u llie wrli known Onlniio Hnnk. which durinn nn exislmce ol over lliiity ymis ha* nlwnyn enjoyed the hill eonlidcnc the pul.lic. llie Hank wni. ulnrted in llowmanville in 18^7, l.iii nsilioprintionnnml hii«lnrs. siendily expanded the hen iipinrlrrs were enlnl.li.shed in I'oionlo ,h.i,ip twelve vrai^RKo, The Hank ha* n pnid up enpital 66 CITY OF TORONTO of $1,500,000, with a reserve fund of $250,000; it has paid the usual dividends of 7 per cent, per annum, and has brought its reserve fund up to the above mentioned amount since the reorganization of the Bank in 18S1. It is ably officered, and its Board of Directors is composed of gentlemen more than usually prominent in their various associations, these being : Sir VV. P. Howland, President, R. K. Burgess, Vice-President, Hon. C. F. Fraser, G. M. Rose, Donald McKay, Esti-, A. M. Smith, G. R. R. Cockburn, while the responsible duties of General Manager are ably and efficiently discharged by C. Holland, E«> in the hat stores and millinery windows. The cmj pany has recently added to their line the manufacli; of Buckram frames, the Government having a vanced the duty on the imported article,and it is m possible to compete with foreign goods. Under tl^ s!yle of the American Felt HatCo. they are also mnr.n facturers of fine felt hats for gentlemen's and laclid wear. The raw material is the fur from the raliU and is imported largely from Australia and is lie| made up and fashioned into the stylish "Derby" atv, other hats. The goods manufactured by this hmul are of the first quality, nothing but the finest mali rn being used and the most skilled and compiteij workmen employed. The premises occupied a| 60 X 125 feet in dimensions, and are fitted up wi* the latest improved machinery and applianci pertaining to the business. The motive p(,w(s is steam, an eighty-five horse power engiri being used, and, when running on full time, ci4 ployment is given to about two hundred h.iml The goods find a ready market and are m , in all parts of the Dominion, the wholesale and ji- bing trade being supplied. The Managing Directu are Robert Crean and George H. Hastings, gini men who are thoroughly posted in air the details the iiusiness, each having had twenty-five y. af experience, and who give their personal attention the various departments. JEE Clayson ^- Lovett, Gv.iiv.KM. Machim-.^. Tf and Manufacturers of Moulds, Diks \v Street, Tools ; Moulds for Briti ania Metal ( \-Tl» magr Ontario Straw Goods Manufacturing Companii ( LiiyiMed), Balmuto Strkk i': Telephone 3027 ; Rout. Crean, Geo. H. Hastings, Managers. The manufacture of straw hats and bonnets has from tho earliest ages been an important one, but it is only within a comparatively recent period that it NO, Cutting and Stamping Di^s; Fine'Ic and Machine Work ; Novelty Speciai.tik 35 Wellington Street East. This enterprise was established in 1887, at first rather a small scale, but steadily extending and : creasing from year to year and now doing a vt flourishing business. Their extensive establishme I IS at 35 Wellington Street East, where they occu well-appointed premises, which are 50 x 50 fett dimensions and are replete with al' ocessary irac inery and appliances pertaining tr luisiness. T firm are general machinists and i mufacture mo dies and tools ; also moulds for Brittania met. castings, cutting and stamping dies, etc., while lii tool anut steadily extending ani ) year and now doing a vt Their extensive establishmt reel East, where they occi >es, which are 50 x 50 fet t plete with al' .ocessary irnc: ertainingti bu.siness. T inists an(l 1 ^nufacture mou moulds for Brittania met. stamping dies, etc., while lii { and novelties generally are jods which they manufaciii steel and other material lass workmen aie empl< v are nivon steady emnlov e engine furnishes the mof k extends to all parts o( auntry. The individual me Alfred Clayson and Edai birth, practical iron-work le business men. to feculences of Toronto are the pride of her iMBs and the admiration '>f visitors, prominent i long them being the Custom House, Oueen thoroughfares, ot surpassed by on, and it is to in to the liber- thbt this is due. rchitects of this e is at No. 13 tive oflirighton, nd proftssional :ame to Toronto iblished himself lal have elapsed ; and prosperous J. Among the on his plans and [tended may Ik- Moulton Baptist laic and Brock- piivate, a num- 4,000 private pleled the high- He has also a >'ith that as his blic and private tion. apted by nature ?n so successful, islic taste which ^h rank among , SS7 King St. e city would be Mr Herbert G. ig .Street West, id and received rchitecture with an office here for welve years ago. i4, when it was ces are conve- ir and are well he has been in tended the con- ;s in all parts of I in St. Johns, is architect for their buildings He has been I erection of the w's Market, etc in the prepara- and received a gn for the new iw being erected unty were built lull is an intelli- i in P.ddition to rk. I le was for r the Canadiav r the Q.tiveT, a nterests of the out the country, REPRESENTATIVE BUSINESS MEN 69 Mark' Hall, Architect, 9 Victoria Street AND 265 ShEKIIOURNE STREET. It is an acknowledged fact that the practical carpenter and joiner, or builder, who has the neces- sary ability and inclination, and who devotes himself to study the theoretical part of the work, generally makes the most successful architect. Among the prominent architects of this city who were first educated in a practical school, having been a carpen- ter, joiner and builder, must be mentioned Mr. Mark Hall, of 9 Victoria .Street. For twenty-five years Mr. Hall did a general contracting business with his father, who was one of the heaviest builders in the city during the time he did business. This gentleman has been established as architect for the past thirteen years, during which time he has designed and superintended the construction of a great many business blocks, warehouses, etc., one of the more recent being the '* Wesley buildings," on Richmond .Street. He is architect for the Toronto Exhibition Association, and superintends the construction of all their buildings. Mr. Hall was born in Toronto fifty-one years ago, and received his education and architectural training here. He mSy be said to be a self-made man, for it was hard work, perseverance and natural ability that placed him in the prominent position he now occupies among the architects of the country. Lo^an Sc Rankin, Consulting Engineers, Marine Architects and Mechanical Draughtsmen, 30 Toronto Street. One new industry promotes another. So when shipbuihliiig was introduced into Canadian waters it required the services of expert marine architects and engineers to design, to watch the progress of the boats and their engines .is thty were built, and to properly place and adjust everything. Messrs. Logan & Rankin, whose names appear at the head of this article, are the only firm of the kind so far established in Canada. These gentleinen are both Scotchmen, Mr. Logan being born in Glasgow, where he received his education, and Mr. Rankin coming from Greenock on the Clyde. They were both (or many years intimately connected with the extensive and world- renowned shipyards on the Clyde, but never met till after they reached Canada. Sir. Logan came here some two years ago to design and superintend the construction of the C. P. R. steamer Manitoba, at Owen Sound, having performed the, same duties for the Athabasca, Alberta and Algoma, built on the Clyde, Scotland, and after its completion looked after the building of the large ferry boat for the same company, to ply l)etween Detroit .ind Windsor. Mr. Rankin came to Canada in the winter of '87 and '88, to put the engines in the Cibola, which was then build- ing, and after its completion was connected with the ship- building of the Poison Iron Works. In December 1 889, these gentlemen formed a partnership and opened an office for the practice of their profession. They design and prepare plans for steamboats and the engines and necessary machinery therein, as well as stationary engines, and attend to the lengthening and enlarging of beats, plans for new boilers, compound- ing present engines, etc., and all work pertaining to boai -building. The new Island Ferry steamers, MayffouvranA Primrose, v/ere built from their de- signs and under their supervision. They are practical engineers and shipbuilders, and already do a flourish- ing business. Gibson t5' Simpson, AKriiiTE( is. Room 15, g^ Adelaide Sireet East, Toronto. Messrs. Charles J. (iibson and Henry Simpson, who compose the firm of Gibson & Simpson, Archi- tects, are young, active and energetic business men who have been established here since 1885, and have since that lime designed and planned' many of the fintst business blocks and p'ivate residences in the city. They arf- Canadians by birth and were educated in Toronto. They studied architecture here, and afterwards spent several years in a leading office in New York, and are thoroughly practical designers an6, L,\iON Bi.ocK, Toronto St. This gentleman was l)orn in the north of Ireland, and received hi. education and (irst instruction in architecture there Coming here twelve years ago, he entered the office of E.J, Lennox, Esq.. wh«e he spent l,ve years. The n .. ;ou.- years he wis connected with various offices ;-..-,. and fhen returned to his native land, where f- two more years he pursued his profession, study. ,g the architecture of the country. He then returned to Toronto, and in ?hrrin'"'".^"*l'^''-?.-"-'^^'"^°"' °P«"«'^ an office in the Union Hlock on Toronto Street in the early part on 1 h" ^'^'• t'"^ """ '^^ '^"^^ ^P^<=i°"« offices, and have already secured a fair share of the public patronage. TheTr work is of the l.est class.*^ M ' I rice thoroughly understands architectural work in j al Its details, and is a fine draughtsman. He is an ' intelligent, pleasant gentleman and highly respected in the community for his many social qualities. F. li. Watson, of Watson- & Price, Archi- tects, Etc.; O. r-ic::, Room i6, Union Block, Toronto St. Among well-knoivn aud prosperous architects of the city aloremost piiL'-e is held by Air. F B Wa' son, whose offices are •.:■ the Union Block on Toronto Street. This g.;r,v:, nan is .a Tor..iii-. '.orn boy received his education here, and hi; ,. . i,;siriu-tion in architecture in the office of (lordo.. I?-!;- vel' of this city. I le subsequently spen- oc; t.al".. vs with leading firms in St. Paul and Bi.t-<.^lo itnt'" returning to Toronto, (c; med a partncrshii- ."I'l Vjt' , ^■X W. I'rice and opened an office for 'JKp.jc tic' of Ins profession in the early pr-rt of the pn-, ;,t >car Chas. A- Walton, Architect and Con- structive Encineer, 19 Union Block, Toronto Street, Toronio. This gentleman was born in Leeds, England, in Jul {,1845, and came to Toronto in 1856. After receiving his education here he studied architecture with the late William Kauffman, who was a graduate of the German Technical School of Architecture nffiL ir '^"e'.""f'"R' spending five years in his office. After this he engaged in his profession for several ye us in Toronto, Montreal, Albany, I^iroi Chicago and finally settled down in Toronto in ii > i:'^, ''es'gns all kinds of buildings, hu&n.i^, bKuks, halls, churches, factories, schooli)r,:,i,fs v,)d pri.'ate dwellings, prepares plans, details a xl M,,.r.fi- catK>ns,and superintends all practical work i nnecl^-d with iliem; and during the tim,- that he nr I'ee prac ving his profession, fiasereo d many;. o,nine.r build..<,gs. His offices are well situated a. d hU business a large and growing one. E. B Jarvis, A.t ihtect, Traders' Ban,. Chamrkks, Cor. Yongr anp Colbo;.;-e .Sis ToRON 10. ■' They prepaiv 1 to furniUi desij,ns -'or business blocks, halls, factories, churciK?, Schools, urivate di^ellings, etc., with plans, details and sneciacations anci. If required, to superintend all practical work of arc .. lecture. They already do a prosperous business whic. IS every year increasing ,^nd their professional repii ai-on is of the best. Mr. Wutson is a pleasant jjentlem;, 1 and has high social stanHng, F. Piilmf:); Architect; Office, Roo.m 12, 32 Ahelauk .Street East. Holding a promifi-.it place among the leading men in the profession ot architecture in this city, is Mr F. Palmer, whose office is at No. 32 Adelaide Street J^ast. This gentleman IS of English birth, but was educated and received his first instruction in archi- tecture in Canada. He then spent several years with a leading firm in Michigan, and returning to this city opeoed an office and entered upon his profession in 18S7, since which time he has planned and designed many prominent buildings and private residences in the city. Mr. Palmer is prepared to furnish designs or all kinds of public and private buildings, business bocks churches, halls, schoolhou.ses, etc., with plans, details and specifications, and, if required, to superintend their erection, in any part of the country. He has spacious offices, and has a fair share of the public patronage. His work has .ilwav-. b.»n ,-. gardeu by those for whom he has prepared p'ans and specifications, to be in every particular first-class. He IS a finely educated gentleman, has travelled widely, and IS highly esteemed for his many amiable personal traits. "^ This gentleman was born in Toronto .uni educated there, but received his professions tra.i i.,g In t ' cago and New \-ork, wheie he .i.ont .-me yea', ijrotess on, receiving altogether ten years' practical l"c'u'.d'i;V" 'h ^!."''"' ■'^""^'- "^ has'notv ■ ifcni.vl offices in the Traders' Bank ^ambers on \o,,ge Street, and although he has only b.en estab- iiMiod here smce the early part of tl,.. year has a!«.-.-idy received a fair share of the publi: ,i,ronage b"anchef orh-' considered well u*p in .V . vano^us branches of his profession, his specialty. However being interior designing and is now engage,! in some very elaborate work of this Idnd. HeisaTho oughl practical architect and fully capable of suco ,sfulh carrying out any work in his line emrasted ohis Corner William Raeside, Architect, Coi.LEcK .St. and Brunswick Ave. This gentleman is Scotch by birth and was raised n London, England, whe.e he received his educa non and instruction in architecture. He came to Canad.i seventeen years ago and has since then devoted his iutention to his profession. In 1886 he opened an office for its exclusive practice. He does all kinds of architectural w-ork, and is prepared ,0 furnish designs and plans for business blocks, banks! etc ' liZ ^•h''^''°' ''•°"f"'. '■'"^'°"'^-'' warehouse etc. Since he has been m business he has had exten sive experience in work of this kind, many orondnent buildings having been erected under his super men hck confidence The work of this gentleman ha. Tl 'ay beeji considered by those for whom he has - L plans to be m every particular first-clas« ' 'le gets a fair share of the public patronage REPRESENTATIVE BUSINESS MEN 71 lECT AND Con- Union Block, .eeds, England, in to in 1856. After udied architecture i-ho was a graduate il of Architecture ; five years in his his profession for 1, Albany, n.;iroi: vn in Toronto in luiidings, l>ustrie,;i SchoolijrubfS •.()ambers on only been estab- jf ill 1.-. year has lubli : patronage. P in ■' '. various cialt). liowever, engage.! in some le is a thoroughly : of SUCK .-,sfully entrusted to his Ecr, Corner Ave. and was raised eivcd his educa- He came to bas since then 1. In 1 886 he tice. He does 1 is prepared to blocks, banks, es, warehouses, ; hashadexten- nany proiriinent his superinten- carpenter and ur architectural best result, and eor«?iicaiiy and have implicit nan ha. .il-ays ; has . - -ed •class ,e Rohert O^ilvie, Arciiiteit and Valuator ; 9i Adei.aidk Stkeei- East. Robt Ogilyie, architect, has been practicing in 1 oronto for about six years, during which period he hais designed and supervised the erection of a con- siderable number of the prominent private residences ot this city and throughout Ontario generally as well as a fair proportion of mercantile and public build- ings in this province. Mr. Ogilvie is of Scottish tlescenl, but has acquired his education and profession in this province. •/. ly'ilson Gray, Architeci, Leader Lane, ojK, KiNc. .Street, Toronto. T!v". ventleman is a Scotchman by*birth and was edu- ,,:.'.({ m Edinburgh where he also received his first ins .;on in architecture. He then spent several yei! ^ directing himself in one of the prominent offices ot London, England. In 1885 he came lo Toronto and formed a partnership with Mr. Alan Macdouuall, the Sanitary Engineer. This continued about a 5'ear when the firm was dissolved and Mr. Cray entered theoltireof p. B. Dick, Esq., the well-known archi- t< cl, and had charge of it unt 1 the early part of 1888. v,_hen he opened an office of his own for the practice of his ^'hosen profession. He does a general architect- ural business and is prepared to furnish designs for all kinds of buildings, business blocks, banks, mills, fac- toricji, warehouses, churches, schoolhouses or private residences, with plans and specifications, and when requested to siiperintend.the construction of the same, bince he has been here a number of prominent build- ings have been erected under his supervision, and his woik IS considered by those for whom he ha.s prepared plans to be in every respect first-class. He is a thoroughly practical architect and receives a fair share of the public patronage. McLennan, Stuart tj- Chapman, Sur- VEYORS. Cl\II., SaNIFARV AND MiNINC ENGIN- EERS: Oit-ice, Room 13, Produce E.xciianck, Cor. .SroTT and Coi.iiorne Sts., Toronto. One of tho more recently established firms of sur- veyors and civil engineers in Toronto, is that of Alessrs. McLennan, Stuart S: Chapman, who com- menced practicing their profession here in the latter part of 188S', and who have centrally-situated and well-appointed offices, as wtll as every facility lor doing first-class work in their line. Although but a comparatively short lime here, they have all had several years' actual practice and have already built up a large trade. They furnish plans for parks and cemeteries, STid for embellishing grounds in the ci'ty and country, make railroad surveys and draw up estimates for contractors. They also do general draughting anion which they possess has been fairly won. Univin, Foster c^- Proud foot. Provinciai. AND Dominion Land Surveyors, Civil Enimneers, Drauchtsmen and Vai.uatoijs; Room No. 5 Medical Council Huildim;,' Cor. Bay A\n Kickmond Streets, Toronto. Speight ^' VanJVostrand, Dominion and Provincial Land Surveyors, Draughts- men, Valuators, Etc.; Office, Room "J," First Floor, Toronto Arcade, Yonge Street, Tokonio. Telephone No. 1079. Among the younger members of the Drofession, and yet standing in the front rank of our land siir- v^°M '^"'^ '^'^'' ^"e'"<^e"'s, are Messrs. Speight & VanNostrand, whose convenient offices are in the Vonge Street Arcade. Of these, gentlemen, M,. Speight was born in Bradfor.l, England, and received his education in Toronto. He was a pupil and served his time as a surveyor with Silas James, and after passing his final examination as P.L.S., was for two years associated in business with Mr. fames Mr. VanNostrand was educated at Newmarket, and served his studentship with Mr. P. S, Gibson. After becoming a full-fledged P.L.S. he spent two years on Ciovernment surveys in the North-West, and was for a time on the Murray Canal. In 1885 he and Mr. Speight formed the partnership, which is still exist- ing. They do all kinds of surveying, furnish plans for parks and public and private grounds in the city ' and country, make railroad surveys, settle questions "•• di=p-uteu uOuii-Jnric:;, locate timbei biiui.-, and mining claims, etc. They also do general draught- ing, and are careful and trustworthy in all that t'hey undertake. They po.ssess a large and flourishing business, and are members of the .\ssocialinn of Provincial Land Surveyors of Ontario, of which Mr. VanNostrand is secretary. Holding a foremost place among the surveyors and civil engineers of Toronto are Messrs. Unwin, Foster i: Proudfoot, the senior member of the firm havinc been established here for the past forty years and being one of the oldest practicing surveyors in the Dommion. Mr. Unwin is of English birth, .and received his first instruction in England, finishing his education at Upper Canada College in this city. He served his time a.s a pupil in surveying with Mr. John I S. Dennis, late Surveyor-General of the Dominion I Both Mr. Foster and Mr. Proudfoot aie nauve I Canadians and each served his tutelage with Mr. Unwin, who has had as many as twenty-five or thirty stuaents during the time he has been in business. Mr. Foster has practiced his profession some twenty- I five years and Mr. Proudfoot has been employed at I this business since 1880, having been previously a pupil of Mr. Unwin's. He is irequently employed by the Ontario Government in laying out wild lands explorations, etc. They do all kinds of surveying' furnish plans for parks, cemeteries, etc., and make railroad surveys, as well as preparing estimates for contractors. In the division of labor, Mr. Foster attends principally to the office and in ornamental draughting, while the other members of the firm devote their time to outside matters Mr. Foster is a fine draughtsman, and makes a specialty of this branch, having made the sketches I of the water front for the C. P. R., lately on exhibi- I tion on King Street, as well as ornamental designs I for real estate agents, etc., and is an active member of the Ontario Society of Artists. Mr. IJnw!" n- : account of his long residence here is wtil posted in regard to real estate values and is frequently called on as arbitrator to adjust questions of land valuer Mr. Unwin. as IS well known, has been oneof the city assessors for over eighteen years, and is an authority on values. These gentlenren are careful and accurate surveyois, and have a large and high-class patronage 72 CITY OF TORONTO John (rdltt Consulting ENtiiNKER and Exi'RRT, S3 KiNc SiRKEr East, Tokonto. One of the most prominent civil engineers in Western Ontario is Mr. John Gait, wlio has spacious and well appointed offices on King Street East, and every facility lor doing Krst-class work in his line. This gentleman was born in .Scotlanit and received his education in the old country, graduating at a university, first in CJlasgow, and afierward in Lon- don, England. After leaving his native country he spent three years in railroad engineering in the Slates, and then came to this side to take the general man- agement of the Boiler Inspection and lnsuran.:e Co. of Canada. He has been established in his present offices for the past ten years, but has been actively engaged in his profession since 1870. Mr. Cialt does all kinds of engineering, designs water works and sewerage systems, furnishes plans and estimates for the same, and superintends their construction. He is a consulting engineer and expert and is Ireipiently called on to adju»t difficult and intricate engineering problems ; and has for a numl)er of years been cm- sidered a high authority on all matters pertaining to the profession. He is examiner in civil ergineering for the Univer>ily of Toronto, and is a member of the Canadian Society of Civil Engineers. Chas- E- Goad, Civil Engineer, Queuec ^ANK Chambers, 2 Toronto St., Toronto ; Temi'Le IJuiLDiNr., 185 St. James St., Mont- real ; AND 53 New Broad St., London, E.G., Enoland. In a new country building up as rapidly as this, the profession of the civil engineer i< an important one, dealing as it does with great railway enterprises, canals and public improvements of all kinds, as well as with important private undertakings which are seen in progress on every hand. Among the best known names in this line in Toronto is that of Mr. Charles E. Goad, who has well-appointed offices and employs a large staff of competent assistants in Tor- on'o, Montreal, and ir. London, Eng. This gentle- man is of English birth, but has resided in Canada for the past twenty years, during which time he has been engaged on many important engineering enterprises, prominent among them being the Toronto, Grey iS: Bruce, the Montreal Northern Colonization Railway, and other portions of what is now the Canadian Pacific Railway ; and also the Halifax & Cape Ureton Railway in Nova Scotia. He attends to all kinds of engineering work, but of late years has published several important atlases, chiefly for fire insurance companies, the last being ?. second edition of a pro- perty atlas of Toronto, the first edition having been prepared in 1884. This is a very correct and reliable work and invaluable to real estate men and lawyers and has had a wide circulation. Mr. Goad is a care- ful and accurate engineer, bestows thorough and conscientious attention upon his work, and receives a large share of the public patronage. J- H- Armstrong, Civn. Engineer, Room 30, Hank ok Commerce IUiiliuni;. ^. This gentleman has been established in this city city since the early part of 1888, with headquarters at room 30, Hank of Commerce, his duties calling him away from the city much of the time. He was educated at Hamilton, Ont., has bfen actively engaged at his profession for the pa>t twenty-two years and is a contracting as well as a consulting engineer. During the years that have elapsed since he first started in business he has had charge of many important enterprises, among them being the Moun- tain Division of the C. P. R., of which he was t hief Assistant Engineer, the Great Western Railway of Canada, Hampton & North-Wostern, Wellington, Grey A Bru-re, Detroit, Mackinaw & Marquette, and Port Arlliur, Duluth & Western Railways. His offices are centrally located, spacious and well- appointed, and he has every facility lor putting through first-class work. Mr. Armstrong is an expert in all matters pertaining to railroading and the many important and extensive enterprises which he has had charge of are a proof of the high esteem in which his talents are held by the railroading public. Denison tj- Kin^, Architects, i8 and 20 Kinc. Street West, Toronto. Mr. Denison of this firm is a Toronto boy, and was educated at the Upper Canada College. He received his architectural training with Strickland, Connelly & Howard, and commenced the practice of his profession thirteen years ago. Mr. King was born in London. England, received his education there as well as his architectural tutelage, and on coming to Toronto spent several years in the offices of Darling & Cuiry and E. J. Lennox, He opened an office in 1886 in connection with Mr. Gouinlock, the partnership continuing till the early part of the present year, when the present firm was formed. They do all kinds of architectural work, especially business blocks, banks, halls, factoiies, warehouses, churches, schoolhouses, etc. Tiiey are architects for the Police Board and al.=o Public Library Board, for whom they have Just completed the drawings for the new buildings on College Street, and also the fire- proof Reference Library on Lombard Street. Among the buildings now under construction by them, is one at the corner of Victoria ano Lombard streets, po''-.e stations, as well as several otht r blocks. The "Ar^jo- naut Club," whose club-house is said to be the finest on the continent, was built from their plans. They also designed R. S. Williams & Sons' piano store and factories. In addition lo architecture, they do a general engineering business, locale and plan wharves, docks, etc., but make a specially of office and business blocks. Their work has always been considered to be in every particular first-class, and they receive a fair share of the public patronage. * < KR, Room 3c, :d in this city headquarters (liilics calling le. He was )fen actively t twenty-two a consulting elapsed since large of many ig the Moiin- he was t hief n Railway of , Wellington, arquette, and Iways. His s and well- lor putting g is an expert jnd the many which he has ;h esteem in railroading i8 ANi> 20 into boy, and College. He h Strickland, the practice Ir. King was lis education lage, and on in the offices He opened r. Gouinlock, y part of the was formed, rk, especially , warehouses, architects for ry Board, for wings for the also the fire- reet. Among y them, is one streets, poi'.i.- The"Argo- be the finest IS. They also ino store and , they do a plan wharves, ; and business considered to hey receive a i&jAurfk.rfk *^^ Representhtive Business Men. ^fohn Ahell, En,Mr. John Abell, a young English mechanic, settled at Woodbridge and began in a small way the con- struction of agricultural implements. His busi- ness from its inception steadily increased, that, despite a disastrous fire by which he lost some S200,000, the re(iuirements of his trade necessi- tated more extensive premises, and recognizing tiie advantages of Toronto as a manufacturing and distributing centre, Mr. Abell purchased some seven acres of land on Queen Street, just west of the Asylum, where for some two years he was engaged in the erection of buildings, which ill May, 1886, were duly opened, a public banquet in June of the same year commemorating the event, at which were present His Honour, the Lieut-Governor, Mayor Howland, the Attorney- General the City Clouncll, together with a number of prominent business men, as well as the em- ployes of the establishment. The buildings constitute a hollow square and are firect^d of red brick in the most substantial manner ; along Queen Street runs the main building, 50 x .300 feet in dimensions and four stories in height, where the wood-work and paint-shops are located; 74 CITY OF TORONTO. tlie went wiiin, twn Htories lii^'h, .">() x 2.10 feet in fiiiislifd produits. In the coiitro "f the »(|imru in Hize, is ilovotfd to tlie niachiiiu ilupurtinent, while tile ijoiler shop, (1" x 1 '20 font ; the liliiukHiiiith s the eiiHt wing, 50 x !.")0 feet in dinienBions and shop, (10 feet h(|uiii. und the moulding tdiop, tiO x four stories high, serve« as a stot e house for the 1(H» feet; the whole eHtablisiiment i-i eipiipijed with the most improved inachinc .and appliances, and nothing has been neglected that can in any way conduce to the ve' ', highest standard of the pro- ducts manufacture ' . The motive force is supplied by a new ec im i-horse power engii "with automatic c :> oH'. Jiia ufaclured by Mr 1*11, with a fly-wheel weighing ten tons. ' In a i .. ol the same compartment stands a little rusty seven ri REPRESENTATIVE BUSINESS MEN. 7ft ll'l'i |T liorscpower ciigii.o, which wag built by Mr. .Ahell forhiH own line, when commencing bnaiucHs over forty years ago. The hoilorH of thin .oni- ponml , iigine are made of HtceUn.l arc nrnd for two WeekH alternately, and Mr. Al)cll piHlv claims for this engine that it in the most economi- cal m ( amula, ii.sing only (MH) ll.s. of coal in ten hours. Tins engine i)OBses.scH numerous features of superiority overall competitors and has only to be seen iiio|)cratioii, swiftly ui,.l yet noiselessly exertiiij,' its mighty power, to at ome enlist the admiration ami praise of all experts and steam users. It is more economical and powerful, in pro- portion to horse-power, wliile the application of the famous automatic cnt-ollis one of its cliief rec(mi- mciidationH. l)eing at once a practical economy and a tfegiiard that no Htcvun user can atlord to do Without. The operation of this establishment are devoted to the manufacture of pf.rtable and trac tion-engines, as well as thresliing-machines, clover mills and noved .itc .,f the roads, are now thoroughly icasible aui d great practical use. Very early in t, histoiy of steam locomotion, prejects were fo fd fo- running steam carriages on common . i.,, but none of the inventions, however, att ued to con reial success, so many were the di iilties w beset tliein. Still, the last (juartcr of a .y has witni^ssed a wonderful development la in ,tvy t- 'ntion-engines, and in 1874, several were constui n at work in S() . 000, witli total assets of upwanls of ten millions ot dollars. The company holds a high position j,, piihlic estimation, both in this country n.s well as in (ireat Britain, where it has recently succeeded 111 placing the first issue of i 1 00,000 of Perma- nent 4 per cent, debenture Stock, which it is intended eventually to increase to f.")00,0()0. Hav- ing paid the largest dividend of any similar insti- tution in the Dominion, twelve per cent., and having also accumulated a Kest of .'?I,l',s()',(mm) ; liaving also a contingent fund of over .-ifllKi fH»o' which is more than is ever lik, ly to be called tor, the result is one which rctlccts the greatest creiht on the administratif)n of this comi)any Moneys are received on deposit and on debenture at liberal rates of interest,while loans are promptlv negotiated on good security, terms of .leiiavinent •l)eingmade to suit the borrower. The Board ..f Directors includes some of our best known busi- ness and professional men, who are at once a iariintee of the strength and >■' had of the iwny ; they are as follows:—! ,ard H.i.,i or K^' I, President; S.Xordheimer, K.M1.. \'i. . , si'. '!iiit ; Joseph Robinson, Es(|., A. M.Siintb l-Iso \\in. Gooderham, E.sq., Henry Cawthra, Esq!! dmlge Boyd, and J. Herl rt .Mason, Esii., Manag- ing Director. To the last named gentlenmn the chief inauguration of the. -r.^titr-tion is due, :;nd during the whole of its exi tence he has held the responsible position of mu iger, ..ml to his ,,bc admiiUBtration, assisted b^ an etKcient staff of ottiiers, must be accorded much of the -^n.-cess v/hieh has attended f' >• company. 76 CITY OF TORONTO. '• The Caninlhin Miitiuil Aid Annoria- tiOII," IncoKI'oHATKI) 18H()— KK(1IHTKRKI> iiNHKR DoMiNiiix InhchaNik Ait. Hkao Okkick 10 KiNii St. Kaht, TouosTd. W. pKMIIKllTdN I'AiiK, Skc'v MaNA^KK, Thn liny liaH long siiicu uonu l)y when there wan a ({iieHtion an to the (leHii'iW'ility of insiirunce. No ])! iKleiit man can afford to ne- glect protection to those who may be left after him, ami the only point to he decided is — winch company to in.sure in ? Life insurance in recent years ha.s be»'n brought down to a most scientific basis, and the old straight life insurance at high rates of preniiuni are now entirely super.seded by enter- prising, but e(|ually solid and substantial companies, which issue policies at about one-half of the old rates. It is necessary that every one should insure and equally right is it that a dis- cerning and wide-a-wake public should seek out those companies which oH'er every security with special advantages and low terms. " The Canadian Mutual Aid Association" offers the best of inducements and a brief ex- amination into its plans and status cannot Imt prove of interest to ourniuuerous readers. The Canadian Mutual Aid Association has been estal)lished since August 24th, 1880, and a marked success has attended its career since its inception at tliat date. The Company does busi- ness cm the assessment system and is registered under the Dominion Insurance Act, irhik ail ii'CHmii/iitiug rtittrve finul l>roiiili.y /.. 'urilji to munlinx. Thin system of life iuNurancu in specially adapated to i.lergymen, farmers, cli-rkx, meilianics, an, with small annual iliies. The Company proridm /of (oinl diHaliilily, one half the amount of liability on the certificate being at once paid over, the'balance payable at death. A "Dislnirse ment Fund " entitles nienilita's of ten years' stand- ing to rei civc at the end of tli»t period a cash sum, or the amount may be applied to the re- ilui'tion of assessments, and thus make certiticatos in future years largely Hflf-sustaining Ladies will be received as niemlii is of the Assoi 'ation uiMui the same terms a>< gentlejnen. Hy insuring in this A >iiciation, one-half to two-thiids you take from your business to pay Stock Conipanios nniy be saved. To come down to figures, one of the dearest demonstrations of the advantages of this Company is from tlie reports of insurance statistics ; the old line Companies make an average cost of about ^31 per 1*1,000 insurance annuiilly, while in The Canadian Mutual Aid Assoiiation you get what you pay for, and only pay for what you get, the average cost being about.^ll.OU per ijl.OOO. The Association is a Inline ciiiiipany ; its total uiiiount of insurance in force is now upwards of .:J!),tl(K),000, and the now iiiHiiiiince aiuiuiilly averages .*2,U0(),0(K) ; its HEI'RBSKNTATIVK UUSINESH MEN 77 " Eiekurvi! and I)i«biir«tiieiit Kitiitl, " for fhi HKiMirity (if |M)liuy liolili^rs' uiiioiintH iit tliu primcnt time to ulniiit #;r),«»0.()(>, whil.^ it Iiiih )>iuil out to widows and orpliiihH ovit $'Jt William Keiiniu, K.»«|., of Toronto; the ViiuFruNidLiit in A. (iitlonl, Km(., of Metiiford ; wliili' tlio Hoard of Directors .■oni • prinex a liHt of uuiitli'iuen of lii^li'Mtanding in the 4'oninininty an{er lire ably diwdiargt'd hy \V. i'oniliurton rage, Km(|., who i- almi a Director and who in thoroughly ex- mirit h ))(l in iuMiiranff nmttcrtt and in istiH-nied by all who know him. JameH I'earHoit, IIarkijstku.Ski.icitou, kt< , OK TiiK KIUM OK 1'i:ahhon, Macdonai.ii fi Tkow, ;1!) Adklamik Stkkkt Kamt, Though this work In niuant more eHDoiMally to (leal with the cornnipri'ial interests ol the city, still an our nu' luvH iilsd tiikoii an aotivo intureNt in i)ul)lir iiffairH, uiut for three yoaiM liaH luaMi an liononied nu)nil.or of the eity oouneil. Tlui futnily of l)iayton ih an ancient and well known one in KiiKland. In |(M(|, the aneestoi^ of theHuhieet of tills «keteh left NoithaniptoiiHliiie for North «arolina, m whieli .state Drayton Hall in one of the most notal.h) rosidenees. 'I'lie father of Mr 1 liilm Drayton was, however, a staunch loyalist, and like so many other k 1 men and true iiml to leave the United .States after the war of that rehellion, he settling in the West Imlies T/it- Lion I'rnvhUiit lAf, aiut lj,-i- yuch- AsNociutinil, Room D, Aucaoi:. 'I here is ill this advaiuvd nnv. no (luestion as to till' im|)ortaiic.., in fact, absolutely necessity of in- surancc ; the only point for consideration is, with « liat company to insure. Life insurance has now hecii hn.ught down to a very tine point and as wc 1 as providing protection for th.. widow aii.l <:l"ldien, may also he iv.^iar.led l.y the insure.l nmsell as a wise investment. A lecently estab- lished comi.any, butonewiiich oilers IVaturea that should warmly commeml it to the public, is the J.10I1 1 rovident Life and Live Stock -Associati.m whiuh WHS incorporated in .August, 1,S87, and in the hrst twelve months of its existence has writton upwar.ls of *-„'(Kt,(MM). 'I'he „l,j,,,t „f this Ass.icia. tioii IS to turiiish legitimate iiisiiranc.. at the owest possible cost, and, by aceptiuK none but those in the best of health, ami only for a limited aimmnt, to briiii; the benelits of ins'urance within therca-O. ot all. There are two departments - Lite liisuianccand Live Stock Insurance ; in the tormer ccrtilicates are issued for sickness, accident ttii.l ileath ; in the hitter members are indemnilied aKainst two-thirds of the l<,ss by death cfanyof their live stock. Any person over eighteen and under .■iKhty-live yeai f a.i;.., who is in m„„\ I health, may join the Association ; in the Life de- I IKirtineiit the amount of policy issued may not ' excee.l .tl,(H)() ; a small membership fee is charKod 'luZr 'r "" ■"'I"-'.""'' ""^''«'"">^''t "f 9'2 on each !jiI(KM» policy, the tirst year, and #1 each sub.se- queiit year. I'remiums are detormined by the age at the time of i^nterin;.'. and ri^iuai!! t(--. same during the continuance "of the policy; the immtlily premium for all under fifty years of age IS only fifty oents, above that age it liiereaseg proiKirtiouately. The Association will not n.-.ke any a8,scs8iiuiiit in addition to the ordi* fti-y I monthly premiums ; thus every one may know what the outside cost will be Ix.foie they be- come meiiibeis. It has no paid proprietary, as all the funds belong to the members, while all iiiineceHsary delay or litigation is avoided. Their strong guarantee clause may be said to be the life and inotectioii of the Associatir,'mi'i,ms of th,- Jolloiriiiiilico motilh'>, th,ii mi,l ,i,iht /iinrnl. ^hall '^I'c iliri,/,,/ jiro riitaiimomj soid t'li-o months' lonafs < and shall l.<. received in full of all chiims against , the A.ssiuiaf l(ui. The Life Stock deparuiient Hlls a ! void that has been long wante.l, and by establish- ing a general fund, provides for its members means whereby the lo.sscs arc reduced to a minimum. Ihe liability of each member is limiteil to the amount of his annual payments, which have been fixed at the lowest rat<^s consistent with security ; ( wners of live stock should renieinb(.r it is to their advantage to beiM.me members of this As- j sociation. The trustees are .Messrs. Peter I'ilkoy , "alluce Steveii.son, William Hill, 1(. \V. I'rice and William Jones, all of whom are gentlemen well known in the Province, and whose names insure a just and able management and a strict accounting of all business done and i.ioneys cid- Iccted. The responsible duties of .Secretary are elhciently discharge.l by Mr, William .loues, a native of Lancashire, Knghiml, and who has ha() FiioNT Stkkkt K,i.st. The odicc of Consul is an old and time honoured j i Mr. MuHson is a staunch supporter of the Conservative jiarty. The lirni of Messrs. .\lus.son vV Morrow do a large l.iisi- ness as importers of teas from China, .lapan, .in""' Vavtov)/ anit I'lanhiff Mill, •_'(>!( to 07.*. Ki.m^ .Stkkkt IOamt. KiusTiiKonK Mcos, M.\^l'^■Al■T^'l!^;lis OK DoxKTAII, AM) I'ackini; Hoxks. Kk-sawin(;, I'l.AMNi: ANii Matchinii to OUllKIl. Dovetail anil packing hoxoa enter so largely into the rec|uirementH of all liiisiiiess men in almost every j)\irsuit, that thi'ir manufacture must he regarded as an iinptrrtant liranch of mechanical industiy. However, any mention of the mami- faitiiriiig interests of Toronto woiild lie wholly incoiiit)lete without due reference to the tirm of 1 .Messrs. {'"irsthrook lir \Vki,un(;ton Stukkt Kast. ' It is proof positive of tlu^ wise management of a company's business when it grows surely and progressively through a h ng term of yearn, ts rticeipts and assets increasing in volume year by year. Such a cieditahh' showing is the aim of all insurance ccunpauies, but there are comparatively few that can show such a splendid record as the Niu'th Itritish and Mercantile Insurance (,'0. whose phenomenal success bespeaks broad intelli'. gence and vigorous, well-d)ro<:ted effort on the part of its executive olHcers. This coinnjiny wa.". •!•.. eorporated by Koyal Charter in ISOil' and has t^ver heen regarded as lut eminently safe company in which to insure, while its rates are as reasonably low as is consistent with absolute safety, and the security offered unexceptionable. Its Hoard of Directors both in Oroat Hritain and Canada are 80 CITY OF TORONTO. «entleinen of the highest social psitioii, and well known in mercantile circles. The business of the Company inclmlcs both fire and life, and through its agents in all the commercial centres of the Dominion a large business is done. The capita) resources of the Company are : authorised capital i;3,(KK),(KK); subscribed, i;2,50(),(MK) ; pai.l up £620,000, with available ..jsets, as sliown at the annual general meeting of the company at Edin- burgh, in April of the present year, of Jt 7, 10 f its policy-holders in this country, over one million dollars are invested in Canada. The Toronto branch is under the able manage- ment of Mr. R. M. (Jooch, a gentleman who has been associated with the Company for more than a (juarter of a century and who is thoioughly versed in insurance matters and is popular with all classes. Mr. H. \V. Evans is associated with Mr. Gooch in tlie Toronto agency. only the cold, dry air produced by the ice in ice chamlier. For cleanliness, economy of ice, and convenience they are absolutely unsurpassed and are not equalled by any other article of the kind in the market, as evidenced by the fact that wher- ever the firm have exhibited in competition they have always taken the award. Mr. Withrow is president of the Industrial Kxhibition Association of Toronto, and is also a member of the Koard of Trade. Both he and his partner, M r. Hillock, are natives of this city, where they have always re- sided, and their present extensive and prosperous business is the result of their industry and ability. Ettfit Toronto riauhtf/ Mill, Coknek ok Qdekn and Georoe Stkeeto ; Withroiv it- Hillock. Amongst the leading and importivnt industries of the city must be ranked the old-established firm of VVithrow k Hillock, which for nearly a (juarter of a century has been before the public. From somewhat small beginnings this business has gradually but surely developed till now it has assumed its present high standing amongst the commercial institutions of the city. Ide.ssrs. Withrow and Hillock lirst commenced business on Adelaide Street, and subseijucntly removed to their present location, at the corner of Queen and George Streets, some fifteen years ago. The premises consist of a three-story brick building, 100 X 50 feet in dimensions, comprising a planing- mill, with sash, door, and refrigerator factories ; tliis, with a lumber yard, upwards of a fourth of an acre in extent, stands on tlie south side of Queen, while on the opposite side are the offices and warerooms, as well as another extensive lumber yard. The mill and manufactory are provi(lcd with all tlie most modern appliances and most improved wood-working machinery, driven by ai:i e-igine of seventy-five horsepower. About one liu dred hands are coutiuuou.sly employed an Court Strket. The life insurance .system has been for many years a positive force in the progress of modern civilization and the accumulation of national wealth. It has been an important factor in the education of every community, which it lias influ- enced in the habits of economy and prudence. The British Empire Mutual Life Assurance Company, of London, JMigland, is highly racom- meniled as much for its economy as for its safety, the perfection of both having apparently been reached by its operations, as indiciUi'd by the libeniil share of patronage accorded the organiza- tion by the leading merchants and residents of this city and country. This company was estr'o- lishedin England in 1847, and now possesse.i assets of over !S.),0(M),000, an ; nnual income of over .§1,000,000; the Canadian investments are $700,- 0(M), while the claims and i.onuses paid exceed S10,(HH),000. All reserves are deposited with the (loverument at Ottawa, and the assured are thus given ample protection. The endowment plan is a noticeable feature of this company, as in addi- tion to the system of paying insurance in case of death, the company also constitutes a safety fund from which at certain ages members insuring may realize the benefit of their investments and pay- ments made. Its table of rates is carefully pre- pared upon a basis enabling it to meet every promise made, and not merely for the purpose of getting insurance and trusting to luck for the future. Its reserve for the payment of endow- ments gives it all the elements of strength claimed by high rate companies. The prominent features of this Company are absolute security afibrded by the reserves deposited with the Government, fair rates, unconditional policies, no forfeiture, a temperance section and a biennial division of prohts. All earnings in Canada, besides large sums from England, are invested in Canadian securities. The head office for Canada is at Mon- treal, the General Manager being Mr. V. Stancliffe, a gentleman of wide experience in insurance matters. The Dominion lioard of Directors is composed of the Hon. .lohn Hamilton, Director of the Bank of Montreal ; John Hope, Esq. : A, Murr.-.y. Kaq., Dirci-tor nf thr, H;,r,k .-.f Montreal ; Robert Sim. IIS, J)sq. ; and .fames Bennett, Esij. In Toronto this company is ably repres.-nted by Messrs. J. E. & A. VV. Smith, gentlemen well known in business jircles, and whose offices are at No. 2 Court Street. ^'Jv \ sent REPRESENTATIVE BUSINESS MEN. 81 The Ball Electric Light Conijtnny of\ Canada, (Limited.) Phelps Johnson, President; K. O. Jonks, Vice-President; W. A. Johnson, (Secketary anii (Jenerai, Manager, ." Adelaide Street West. Electricity is not only one of the forces of na- ture, as it has ))ccn from the foundation of the world, but is an agent that is employed in a thou.saud ways, which our fathers never dreamed of, and which are a source of wonder to the pre- f^B I Double Lamp. Siinjle Lamp. sent generation. The electric light is rapidly coming into universal use ; telephone, telegraph linos ttrd other modes of coiuiiimiicatiii*' thouirht through the medium of electricity, are lieing multiplied all over the face of the earth, and no one can say where this wonderful movement is going to end. Light from battery electricity was hrst discovered by Sir Humphry Davy, at the Royal IiiBtitution, London, in 1810, when, on the continuity of a current from 2,(KK) cells being broken, a brilliant light was seen. To this the name of the "voltaic arc" was given, and the points where the current was broken were termed "electrodes." In 18'20, Oersted proved the identity of electricity and magneti.sm ; but it remained for Faraday, in ISJJl, oy his great discovery of induced currents, to render practic- able the application of electricity to the production of good artificial light. It was not, however, until IHPi'A chat the magneto-electric machine was ac- tiuiUy anplied to the purpo.se, and. in ].S.')7, the first great practical trial took place. While following this subject the attention of your numer- ous readers must le drawn to the liall Electric Liglit Company, Limited, of Canada, which was incorporated in London, Ontario, in 1H8'2 under Dominion Charter, but for tiie last four and a half years has been established in Toronto, witli offices at ii7 Adelaide Street West. 'J'his ( 'ompany are manufacturers of the Ball Electric Light System for all purposes of illumination, for street, mercantile and manufacturing, domestic, mine, marine, and coast lighting by arc or incandescent system, or botli fiombined, also electric motors Ball Dynamo. and electric light supplies. They offer to tlic public the best sybteni of electric lighting in the world, the most economical in operation, the most easily cared for, tlio most durable, as well as the cheapest in the cost. Tliey manufacture under a number of patents, taken out by Messrs. C. E. and R. E. Ball, and Mr. W. A. Johnson. Tlie electric light is now d( vcloped and understood, and is undoubteiUythe artificial light which will be chiefly used for municipal and biisiness purposes in the future. The cost is no greater tlian gas and in many casi's far less, and when the volume, purity, safety and healthfulness : of tlie light are taken into account, is in all cases ' the most desirable. The Ball Dynamo is simple in construction and easily understood, and is tlie : only dynamo that will not overheat when subject- ' ed to the variable speed of engines ; it has been in practical operation for over six years, and has l)cen ■ subjected to the most critic&l tests i it requires : but two-thirds of the power recjuired by any other dynamo nuidc in Canada or the United States to j produce an equal amount of light. This light is ; in use in all parts of Canada, and inaiiifold testi- nionals have been received acknowledging its high ' general merits, and wherever introduced it has given the greatest satisfaction. The Coinimnv nmnufacture and supply arc and incandescent dynainos and lamps, electric motors, switch boards for stations, cut-offs and individual cut- outs tor uicnndescent lighting on arc circuits; globes, carhons, insulators, line wire, etc.. are always ui stock. Tl>e official staff of this Com- pany 18 as follows :-Mr. Phelps .lohnsou, Presi- dent ; Mr K. O. Jones, Vice-President ; and Mr. u .A. .Jolinson, Secretary and (Jeueial Manager • •I. Gorman Smith, Superintendent. These gentle- Mien are well-known in hu.sine.ss and social circles, iind their rciHcsentations in connection with this lavounte light can at all times be relied on. Capita I, .«I,(MK),(KM), lo I-N'C'OKI'OHATKI) 1S71. ToKONTo Stkket. The life insurance system has heen for many yca,r8 a positive force in the progress of modern civilization and the accumulation of national wealth. It has heen an important factor in the education of every oomnninity, which it his in- Huenced in the habits of economy and prudence Prominent among tlio leading and reliable companies of this country is the Confederation Life Association, which was incorporated by special Act of Parliament in April, 1871, since which date its operations have bevjn gradually extended, till it now takes a primary position among lifaunsurance companies of the Dominion. J hat which should specially commend it to Cana- dian insuiviK is that it is a home company, its board of directors is constituted of prominent gentlemen and merchants, well known t). ougliout the length and breadth of tlie Dominion, while its last annual report is one whicli must be satis ffi..to.v tr, ,.n „Ai- 111 , , - ■ ''"'" ' ' ''""' """" IS 1" the West luilie Z;^lllt^Z,:^:^'''^.:!'h'''.l^\^'' ta.«8agreat8i.e,.,eing sometimes of this institution is Sir W. P. Howland, C.B., K.C.M.li., while the list of directors includes some of our most prominent and enterprising men of business in the community. The managing director is Mr. J. K. Macdonald, a gentleman of vast executive ability, to whose energy and enter- prise much of the success of this Company is undoubtedly due. IVilliain f'lotv, Tiikoni.y Turtlk Restaur- ant, Nos. uC TO GO COLBORNK Stkket. For the beneKt of our numerous readers, as well as for visitors to this cxhibiticm, or to the city at any time, it is necessary that in depicting the business interests and at- ^^^^ j^ tractions of Toronto, due m dKm Mf reference must be made ■»■ ^^P^^ ^r/% ^' '^" establishment so ■ I ^^^lAl^ popular and so deserving of all support as that which now forms the sub- ject matter of this sketch. Since its inception the es- ^ tablishment of which Mr. « illiam Clow is now the sole proprietor has ever been regarded as the best restaurant in the city. It is conducted on the Euiojiean plan, and the choicest of viands, with every delicacy in season, can be secured at all hours. The culinary depart- ment is under experienced management, and prompt and courteous attention is paid to all guests. The dining room is a large spacious apartment, with separate tables, and here daily will be seen a numlier of our leading mercliants and influential citizens. The great specialty of this house is the importation of live turtles, and the turtle soup days of the "only Clow " bring a l)ig contingent from distant parts to feast on this ahiermanic dainty. There are various kinds of turtles, the most esteemed being that known as the green turtle, the species always obtained by Mr. Clow. This name is not derived so much from tlie external colour, as from that of the fat which is .so highly prized by epicures. The home of this turtle is in the West Indies, where it at- (STATION. <^U^ further add to the confidence and good opinion which have ever iiceii evinced in the Company. 1 he last year's annual report showed over fifteen millions of insurance on its books, with total assets exceeding twoinillions-and-a-quarter, and a m7w1 f , """"* *13'»,000. notwithstanding *144,(»()() had been paid as dividend to policy holders during tlie year. Yet the reports of the Company since its inception, sixteen years ,wo have a remarkable similarity, eacli telling of a large increase in business over any previous year and at the present time the total income, after deducting reassurances, amounts to over a half- million. These facts alone speak volumes for I tlie way in which the Company is managed ' and I are suthciently suggestive to recommend it to all ' mtending assurers. The profits of the Company I are divided after every five years of the existence I .^, .".T^.i p,--.iioy, uiatcnd of at eveiy iiflh year of the Company 8 history as formerly. The'profits to policy holders, both m cash and in reduction of premuiins, show an annual increase, while its i-ates of insurance compare most favourably with those of any home or foreign Company. The President . . , r' . ft - ^ v= SIX or seven teet in length, and weighing 100 or 200 pounds. Mr. Clow can boast of one of the best equipped bars in the city, and his patrons may rely on get- ting none but the best of wines and li(iuors, witl» the choicest brands of cigars. Mr. Clow s a native of the old country and is very popular with all who know him. He is a keen, enthusiastic sportsman, a great lover as well as a good judge of dogs, and in dog-swimming contests his well- known " Jessie " and others have generally man- aged to hold their own. In every way this res- taurant can be warmly commended. Map and School SupjAy Co., Manukac- TiTrf the present day of such aignifioant importancu to the public generally as the education of our youtli , In order to facilitate this desirable measure there is in the first degree REPRESENTATIVE BlSlNESS MEN. -* 83 wland, C.B., tors includes iiprising men he managing gentleman of gy and euter- C'ompany is .!■; Restaur- iKET. idera, as well the city at iupicting the nests and at- Toronto, due let be made ilishnient so HO deserving jrt as that rins the sub- this sketch, ption the es- >f which Mr. tor has ever in the city, iin, and the 1 in season, nary depart- Bmcnt, and paid to all ge spacious here daily [ merchants specialty of ;urtle.s, and )w " bring a ast on this us liinds of t known as ibtained by 3d so much of the fat The liome where it at- X or seven f) pounds. st equipped •ely on get- [uors, witht Clow s a opularwith jnthusiastic good judge ta liis Well- Tally man- ay this res- Mancfac- il supi'ue.s ., ASTRONO- CHEMWAL I.AMSWAEE, , ToKONTO. ay of such enerally as ;o facilitate irst. degree an absolute necessity for school supplies, and in ; defending unjust claims. The Canadian branch of this connection attention must be drawn to the \ tiiis company is at No. 72 King Street East, Mr. Map and School Supply Co. This Company since i A. T. MoCord having charge of the management, its inception has been productive of the greatest who at all times will be pleased to furnisii all ne- good, and has been tiie means of disseminating ! ccssary information. iinowledgc in all parts of the Dominion. They | are manufacturers of maps, globes and school i supplies of every description, also botanical, astronomical and philosophical cliarts, chemical and pliysical apparatus and glassware, numeral II. S. Howlaiul, Sons «lr Co., Wholfjsalk HAunwAKK Mkk(,*iiants, Ti Fkont Stkkkt. In the busy scene of commercial activity and frames, "crayon 'and slate pencil holders, black- I enterprise presented by this growing and import boards, blackboaril compasses, etc. The special study and work of tlie Company is to make apparatus for teachers and scliolars, and to illus- trate all grades of studies. Old apparatus is re- paired at a reasonalde price ; wiiilc to Scliool Hoarils and scliool officers who buy apparatus for *"'** sketch several schools, special advantages are offered- !>*"18 "^ t o ant city, few branches of trade will be fouiul of greater significai-.e or exerting a more exten.sive intluence upon the general growtli and prosperity tlum that so ably exemplitied by the prosperous establishment which forms the subject-matter of The firm of Messrs. H. .S. How land, was founded in 1877, and since its A specialty is made of map mounting and colour iiig. Olid the Company have now leaily a complete series of Continental maps ; also glolies, terrestial and celestial ; church and scliool bells ; school clocks, sets of geometrical solids, uring> the last year tlie policies completed assured i;.S,6I(),.S07, repre- senting a new annual income of £17,!t'iO ; the net income from premiums, after deducting re-assur ances, was £44,244. Th' transferred to the reser amount of £15,3,000. A perusal of the claim books inception at that period its history has been one of steady growth and progress end one of the largest hardware businesses in Western Canada is now controlleil by this house. The premises occu- pied are situate at H7 Front Street West and com- prise a substantial four-story building, 2.")x]60 feet in dimensions, atlbrding every convenience for the display and accommodation of the vast stock carried. The first-class connections and ample facilities of this house, enable them to ijuote terms and prices not readily duplicated. The whole establishment is systematically divide00 was the publishing interests of Canada, .vnd here as e fund, making an nowhere else do we find ample resources combined practical experience and unrtaggin with vast of this company makes apparent the fact that men i energy. One of the most important branches of acting in the mo.st trusted capacity fall under i the publishing trade of the Dominion is devoted temptation, as well as tiiose in inferior positions, I to the production of standard school books, hence the necessity of taking security as a pre- j Leaders in this line of busine.ss are the well-known cautionary protection for every man of l)usines3 ; Copp, Clark Co. (Limited), who.se name has who is obliged to rely upon others. Accidents occur under all conceivable circumstances, and no class is exempt. For a small annual sum— only a fow dollar"., the sun; of Sl.OflO mav \.c. •.'■hfa-ri: ■■ if death results from accident, and one per ceot. ; ,' accidents do prove fatal, while if incapa ^it; t«<< from work, a liberal weakly indemnity is alltiveri according to the amsmnt of premium Daid. ■'^^'■i become a household word throughout the whole of British North America. From small beginnings this house has attained its present gigantic pro- . Is ivh:xt : ■■.rtinr.s ".ccoinplished by energy, enterprise and strict iipjgrity. The inception of this establishment J ites back to 1841, when it was founded by Mr. Hugh Scobie ; in 1854 it was formed into a company relieves employers of all risks unaur t\n '. no partnership under the style of Maclear & Co. F'mployers' Liability Act, including the cost of i again, in 1H6), the firm's name was changed t:0 84 CITY OF TORONTO. W. C. Chewitt & Co. ; seven years later Mr. Chewitt witHclrew, when the ))nsine8s was carried on by Messrs. Copp, Clark & Co., until 1885, when the present company was incorporated with a capital of S!120,0ii(». Mr. W. W. Copp is President and Treasurer, Mr'. A. W. Tiionias, Secretary, while the other members of the company are Messrs. H. J. Clark, C. Fuller, H. L. Thompson and W. (!opp. Amongst their leading publications may be nientionetl the Ontario School Readers, as well as numerous other school books, also some of the text books of tlie Universities of Toronto and Kingston, wliilo they control the Canadian editicm of the Sankey Hymn Book, and publish most of the maps for tlie Provincial Government. The company also does a large general trade as wboleaale and manufacturing stationers, and exe- cute in tiie highest degre" of the art all kinds of printing, lithographing, etc. Their trade extends to all parts of tiie Dominion, and the superior character of all work turned out by tliem has secured for tiiem a wide connection. An average of from 100 to l')0 liands are employed, and thus this establishment in a marked degree adds to tiie industrial thrift of the city, while at the same time it adds to the importance of Toronto as a manufacturing and distributing centre. The company does a large business in bank ciieijues, supplying many of tlie banks in this city, as well as in other parts. The gentlemen associated with this enterprise iiave a reputation in the commercial world which is beyond tlie requirements of praise. is a pattern of cleanliness and neatness, a matter of the utmost importano in brewing beer. The firm brew Lager and liock Bier, but make a specialty of the former, and customers will find the quality of the beer they receive from this house always fine, reliable for strength, colour and an undeviating (juality of taste that cannot be surpassed. Everything that enters into the manu- facture of their beer is carefully selected, aitd is under the closest personal supervision until it outers the keg, thus securing a pure, wholesome and delicious beverage. The trade of the house is a wide and extended one, and in order to facili- tate its eastern business a bottling house and general agency has been established in Montreal, which conducts an extensive trade in the Lower Provinces. Mr. Kormann, the present head of this establishment, is an Alsatian by birth, but has been for many years a resident of this country, where he is well-known and highly esteemed. At the last Paris Exhibition .Mr. Kormann was Com- missioner for the Province of Ontario, The Kormann Lager Beer Company, 87 to 9.S DUCHKSS 8TBEET. The manufacture of lager beer forms an im- portant branch of industrial pr.rsuit at the present time, and thus, in dealing with our leading and representative manufacturers, a review of one of the most prominent establishments ■le^■oted to this business is iiulispeiisiible in a work of this kind. Europe, and notably (iermany, which was con- sidered the only country that could produce lager beer in its original excellence am purity, supplied formerly what little of this bt/erage was con- sumed ; but now, for many yearn, we have pro- duced beer which is equal, if not superior, to that made abroad. Lager is to be foind in the best houses in the country, and it is dnily increasing in favour among all classes, its nutritive qualities being now fully recognized. Occupying a pro- minent place in this line of busine.ss is the tirm of Messrs. Kormann & Co., brewers of the celebrated Kormann Lager and Bock t5ier, whose brewery is situate on Duchess Street, extending from Nos. 87 to 93, This establishment dates its inception back to 18(i4, having been founded at that time by Mr. John Walz, who carried on the business for close on twenty years, when it was transferred to Messrs. L. Reinhardt and L Kormann, trading under the firm name of Reinhardt & Co. In the present year this constitution was dissolved, and Mr. Ignatus Kormann is now the sole proprietor. The spacious premises occupied by the firm con- sist of the brewery itself, a substantial brick structure, 40 feet in frontage, and tlO feet in depth, four stories high, in addition to which there are offices, malt room and ice vaults, while a spacious cellar for storage purposes extends underneath the whole of the buildings. The entire brewery i E. M. Morjthff, Sun tC Co., MA.NtF.wvrrrR- I ERS ANU ImI'OKTERS OK JkWKLKV, WaTCIIES, Etc., 141 Yonce Stkeet. The manufacture of jewels has in all times been a test of the artistic powers of a nation ; for, be- ing intended only for personal adornment, the j genius of the jeweler has been directed to the pro I ductioii of the largest amount of beauty in the most limited space, it is probable that the wealing of ornamtiits of gold and silver is j almost as early as the discovery of those metals, i The manufacture of jewelry was introduced on the American continent some- where between 1790 and 179.'), and the discovery of gold in California I e d greatly tr) its develop- ment, and at the present time it may be roughly computed that upwards of •20,000 hands are employ- ed in the manufacture of jewelry, in which a capital of some .«!15,000,()00 is used. In Toronto, M'e have an old established jewelry house in that of Messrs. E. M. Morphy, Son A Co., manufacturers and i m- porters of watches, clocks, jewelry, silverware and optical goods, and dia- monds. The inception of this house dates back to 184.S, when it was found- ed by Mr. E. M. Morphy, and its growth since then has been synonymous with that of the city. The firm manufacture all kinds of jewelry in gold and silver, and are largo importers of gold and silver watches, having always in stock a large assortment of the best makes of American and European watches and clocks, ami precious stones, the products of noted manufacturers, and which, as well as all other goods purchased at this estab- lishment, can in all cases be regarded to bo in every respect as represented. A staff of skilled hands is steadily employed, and repairing of all Muat;fti.QiBhAf^(^\"ifraBjlriftT!^mKR and Conthaotou, and i)»^^i.*w IV T^j.oi^K .\?J!) Cut Stokf. an'j Rtiii.- DERs' Materials, Office and Whaef, foot OF Jarvis Street. The rapid growth of Toronto from the limits of a country town to the proportions of a great com- mercial centre, is a matter of liistory of which its citizens are justly proud. This transition having been of so recent a date — the semi-centennial having been but recently celebrated— attention is frcrjucntly called to those, who, by word and deed, have come along with the city's growth and contributed to its present honourable stand- ing amonu tlie great cities of t)ie American con- tinent. In helping to promote this desirable result, Mr. Lionel Yorke has occupied a very pro- minent position, and noble erections are on every side to be seen as standing monuments of his skill and handiwork. Mr. Yorke does a general business as a builder and contractor and dealer in cut and block stone and buildcr.s' materials. He was formerly engaged in tliis line in Peter- borough, but abo\it twenty years ago came to Toronto, where, by energy and enterprise, and by turning out nothing but first-class work, he has built up his present gigantic business. His yanls with a wharf on th^ water front, located at the foot of ,)arvis Street, are 500 x 140 feet in dimen- sions, where every facility is at hand i'or promptly and successfully prosecuting this business, the nuichinery used being operated by a 3") horse- lK)wer engine. The operations of this establish- ment are directed to stone building and contract- ing in all its branches, and a full line of builders" materials of all kinds is always on haiul. A large trade is also done in block and cut freestone, grind stones, scythe stones, etc. The connections of Mr. Yorke with the quarries and manufac- turers of supplies are such that he can promptly fill the largest orders in the best possible manner, and at the lowest prices. Mr. Yorke is at present executing a large contract in connection with the New Parliament buildinys, and is emph)ying a force of some .300 men, thus adding in no small degree to the industrial thrift of the city. Niaf/ara Navif/ation Co.. JohnFoy, Man- aging DiiiECToR, Office.s cor. Front and Scott Stk eets. From Toronto during the season of navigation many pleasant trips may be nuide, but certainly none offers a greater attraction than tliat direct I across the lake to Niagara on the Canadian side, i or Lewiston on the American side, as made by the steamers of the Niagara Navigation Co. This enterprising company has tliis year added a magnificent new boat, the "Cibola, "to their line, which in connection with the old favourite the ; " Cliicora.'' leaves daily for the points above men- i tioned, connecting with the Michigan Central and j New York Central Hallways for Niagara Falls, ; Buffalo, New York, Boston and all points Kast and West ; also with the steamer " Kathleen " on I the Niagara river in connection with the observa- I tion trains of the New York Central. Family j Iwoks of tickets may l)e haatham is of Knglish birth, Mr. Lowe being born in Canada. The firm's trade, which is oidy wholesale, does an extended business throughout the Dominion. The Maintfncfurei-s' Life Insurance doinjmnt/. I'Rksident, RKiiir Hon. Siu ddll.N A, MA(M)l)N.\Lt), P. C, G. {'. 15. VlCK- I'KKSIDKNT.S, GkoROK (ioODKliHA.M, Ksg. , William Bkll, Ksg. Mana(;in(j Dikkctok, J. B. Cakmle K.SQ. Offices, 83 Kim: Stki;f,t \V EST. The life insurance system has been a motive power in encouraging habits of thrift anil economy, as well as of atlbrding protection to the family. .Vmong the life insurance companies of Canada which are specially worthy o mention and sup- port is the now well known Manufacturers' Life Insurance Company. Though but of compara- tively recent inception, its history since its foundation has been one of steady progress and development. A thorough conservative principle is maintained, and the aim of the management is not to work exclusively for a large busine.ss, but to do a moderate and safe one, seeking every security in the investment of funds, and the acceptance of risks oflfered. In soliciting these risks, they have exercised great caution, and when a policy has been issued, it will at death, or maturity, be uniformly and promptly paid. ' Policies simple, plain and tangible are issued on all the approved plans. Life interests are pur- chased and annuities granted. The authorized capital and other assets amount to over .S2,()00,(KM), while the names of those associated with the company are at once a sufficient guarantee of its strength and solidity. The President is Sir John A. Macdonald, P.C., G.C.B. ; VicePresident.^ George Gooderham, Esq., President of the Bank of Toronto ; \MlIiam Bell, Esq., of (iuelph, while J. B. Carlile, Esq., occupies the ^responsible and onerous position of Managing Director. The company issued its first policy on the 10th day of August, 1887, and on the 2!)th day of Dedfeinber the_ business aggregated the handsome sum of $2,iJ64,r)0(), on which the annual premium income is $&2,WH), while since that date the amount has been more than doubled. Such results, it is safe to say, have never before been approached in the history of life insurance. The policy holders are entirely free from all liability, but are, neverthe- less, allowed to participate in the control of the company's affairs, and to monopolize nine-tenths of the profits of the business. Each iwlicy holder has one vote for every one thousand dollars of in- surance held by him in this company, these beins privileges secured by the Act of Incorporation! Mr. Carlile is a gentleman of wide experience in insurance busine.ss and much of the success of the company is due to his able efforts and abilities. The Mnanfaetin-eis' Aechlent Insin- a nee Co, A very important branch of our iusurami .systein is tluit wliich deals with accidents, for a record of statistics, in conncition with acciilent nisurance companies, moves that (uie out of evcrv ten assured meets with an accident of sonu' sort each year. No class is exempt, the majority of ac- cidents occurring in the ordinary routine of every day life It is just as imi^rtant that a man anil In.s family should be financially protecte.l against inuii-y to his life and limb, as that the lions,- - ; -"Uld against destruction by fire. The payments i^T a, few- dollars a year insures .?l,(M)0 in ca.so of death by accident, or in case of loss of two limbs or two eyes, and »,') per week when ili.s- abled ; if the occupation of the insured be a hazardous one, the premium is slightly higher. The .Manufacturers' Accident Insurance Co", isj though under the same management, entirelv separate and distinct from the life deimrtment Jt has an authorized capital of $] ,000,(M)(), and it inay be regarded as the pioneer of liberal accident insurance. It issues policies at moderate rates • also policies covering employers' liabilities under the Workmen's Compensation for Injuries Act, of 1886. It offers the best ami most liberal foi n'l of Workmen's Accident Policies, premiums beiiic paid by easy instalments, thus meeting a loiiit felt want. '' The Queen's Hotel, Mrd.wv i^ Wi.v.nktt, Pko|'iiif,T()I{s, Fiui.nt Stheet West. Perhaps no feature contributes more directly to the rapid development of a city than the con- venience and comfort of its hotels, and in this respect Toronto stands pre-eminent. \o more perfect establishment of this description can be round in Canada than the (Jueen's Hotel, which i.s conveniently located on Front fStreet west. The street ears pass by the n>ly <(|nippfd, while the offices am fitted up in an uUiai.tivo style. The "(^uuen'a" has iHjen liberally patronized liy royalty and nobility during their vi.sits to Toronto, ainongat those who have honoured it with their [Mitronage being Hi« Imperial Highness, the (Jrand Duke Alexis of Russia, their Uoyal Highnesses I'rince I^oiwlil, Prince (i.orge, and the Princess l/ouise, also the Manjuis .,)' Lome, the Karl and Countess Duf- ferin, the Manjuis and Marchioness of Lang- downe, and others. It is one of the coolest houses in Canada in summer, while its quiet surroundings make it a favourite resort for pri- vate families, by whom, in addition to the general business public, it is largely patronized. Messrs. , McCiaw&Winnettarealsoproprietorsof the Queen's Royal Hotel at Niagara, where during the season so many pleasiint " imps " tivke place, and they possess the entire interest in the Tecumseh House, linden, Ont. In all circles these gentle- men are highly esteemed, and in yachting circles Mr. AlcCaw is specially prominent. The Itoflgc Wood Split Pulley Co., Samuel May, E.sq., President, HI Adki.aide Street We.st. In reviewing the various enterprises that have made Toronto such a great commercial centre, it is mstructive and interesting to note the advance.s that have been made in our representative indust- i ries, and to ascertain exactly what has been achieved by energy and capital. The pulley U j of such g(iM nil application as an article of manu- facturing .iiid commercial use that an industry 1 engaged in turiung out a line of pulleys Hurpassing I hII tliose on the market, is eHseiitially deserving of j mention in a comprehensive work of this kind [destined to bo read in all parts of the Dominicji. The Hodge Wofxl Si.lit Co. was established in 'fie . United States in ISTs, was incorporated in I8ominion. Commercial Union Assurance Com- pany (Limited), of London, I<]nulanb, Head Office for Toronto and County of York, 32 Toronto Street, Toronto. R. WiCKENS, General Agent. In reviewing the commercial interests of Toronto, we find no branch of business of more importance than that of insurance. The history of the rise and progress of the leading insurance companies doing business in tliis city is one of the moat interesting topics to business men that can be discussed, and thus a careful effort is made in these papers to give accurate information in re- gard to the old established and conservatively managed companies, whicli have so long and so satisfactorily afforded absolute protection to their policy hoi lers. Prominent among these is the well known Commercial Union Assurance Company of London, England, which has a capital of $12,5(K),000, and accumulated funds o close on f 13,000,000, with an annual revenue of upwards of .?(}, 000,000. The Company issues policies on the most favourable terms for Fire, Life, and Marine insurance ; a large hon\e business is done, while it is also represented in all sections of Canada, in the United States, Australia and India. The affairs of this corporation were ably managed from the start, and its career has been an exemplification of the great principle that per- manent success lies rather in prudent and con- servative management, with fair dealing toward the public, and the prompt payment of all claims, than in any short roads to success by means of taking ill-advised risks, and lack of true economy and care in carrying on the business. The Conmiercial is to-day one of the strongest and best balanced assurance companies doing business in this country, and stands on its basis of safely invested assets and large surplus, as solid as a rock. The interests of this Company are well and faithfully represented in Toronto ))y K. Wickens, general agent, wliose office is at 32 Toronto St., and who is tiioroughly versed in all insurance details. John Catto ,1) Co., Importers of Silks and HoD.sKHOLD Naperv, .")9 KiN'(! Stheet. The importation of and trade in silks and house- hold napery forms no uniniportar.t factor in our commercial fabric. Among the leading business houses, whose energy and enterprise have .von for them a prominent position in tliis connection, is that of Messrs. John Catto & Co., King Sti'eet. This liouse is an old established one, having been founded by Mr. John Catto some twenty- four years ago. From the date of its inception, under comparatively moderate circumstances, it has steadily grown in popular favour, and has extended its operations, until its present large proportions liave been reached. The premises occupied consist of a neat and substantial structure, three stories in heiglit, well stocked throughout with a well selected assortment of those goods of which the house makes a dis- tinctive specialty — namely, silks and household drapery of British, foreign and domestic manu- facture. Messrs. Catto & Co. are direct im- porters, pnd tlie specialties carried and induce- ments offered are not to be surpassed by any con- temporary. Some twenty hands are employed, and a large and esteemed trade is done. Mr. John Catto, tlie proprietor of this establishment, is a native of A' erdeenshire, Scotland, and came to Canada in 1 ^'A, where in Toronto, ten years later, he founded his present business, which by his energy and perseverance has been so success- fully built up. IFni. B. Hamilton, Son , witli a I capital of $200,()(H). This enterprise was the out- i growth of the business of Mr. H. J. (^uigley, who tor ten years previously carried on this industry at tlie present location, and of tliis Company Mr. Quigley is still manager. The premises occupied are located at .")7 Adelaide Mreet West, and comprises two spacious fiats, the om 45 x 108 feet m dimensions, and the other 4(» x 60 feet ; the establishment is fitted up witli the best known and inost improved modern macliinery, operated by a fifty-horse power engine, while employment 13 furnished to one hundred hands. The products of this house consist of watch cases, in gold and silver, to fit any kind of American movement, and are equal to the very best made, and find a ready market in all cities and towns of the Uo."inion from Halifax to Victoria. These goods liave special features of desirability, and several patents have been taken out by the Company. The President is J. N. Lake ; the Vice-President, Mr. w * • ^^'i^''^'ck ; the Secretary and Treasurer, Mr. Vy. K. McNauglit, while the responsible duties of Manager are ably discharged by Mr. Quigley, who is a practical watch case maker, having a^'quired a thorough knowledge of the trade in New York, his native place. He personally superintends all operations and the trade can rely on procuring from this housp only such goods as shall rank superior in everv re.spect. as wine and spirit merchants. The premises oc- cupi^ed consist of a spacious store, with basement, , 25x7i) feet in dimensions, where every convenience j is enjoyed for the storage and display of goods. I The stock carried is of a thoroughly compre- ; hensive nature, including hermetically-sealed I goods of all kinds in tin and glass, breakfast I cereals, condiments and table delicacies, pickles, 1 sauces, sugar, .spices, fine butter, cheese and the usual staple and fancy goods generally carried in I a really first-class establishment of this kind. Special attention is paid to teas and coffees, the , two most difficult articles of our daily commodities ; to obtain of pure and reliable quality ; those ' liandled by this hou.se comprise the finest , growths of China, Japan and Assam teas, -ith the most fragrant coHees of Java, Mociia and j South Aniericp The stock of wines and liquors lias been selected witli ev?.vy care and can be con- fidently recommended, while tlie firm are agents for the celebrated Pelee Island wines. The head of this house is Mr. \V. J. McCormack, a native of loronto, and wiio is a gentleman of marked busi- ness ability and enterprise and wiio makes it a point to handle only the best of goods. He has been established here for the last eighteen years, and the history of his house has been one of steady progress and development. McConnach Bros., Wholesale and Retail Orooees, Wine and Spirit Merc:iiant.s, 4,S1 YoNOE Street. There is no branch of trade which in recent years has made so wonderful a development as has that of groceries, under whi-h heading is in- cluded the great majority of the ac, nal necessaries to say nothing of the delicacies ol our daily life.' Among those who occupy a promin mt position iii this connection is the firm of Messrs. McCormack Bros., of 431 Yonge Street, who conduct a large business as wholesale and retail grocers, as well Atlas Assurance Company—Fire and Life, Heaii Ofeues. London, Knuland. A«ENTS FOR Toronto, Wood and Macdonald, 92 KiNfi Street East. The fire insurance businessof Toronto necessarily occupies a very prominent place in the conunercial pursuits of the city, and some of the most solid and substantial companies engaged in this line of business are here represented. The financial his- tory of insurance conij,aniis can record but few instances of equally permanent and long-continued prosperity with that of the old and reliable Atlas Assurance Co. , of London, Eng. The Atlas was established in 1808, with a capital of £l,200,(K)0as a fire and life company, since when it has not only weathered the storms of financial crises and panics, the troubles and difficulties caused by devastating fires, but after an existence .>f fourscore years, is at the present day stronger in resources and better managed than at any period in its history. The last annual report of this Company was most satis- factory, in both tiie fire and life departments, as material increase had been made. The total assets amounted to .£l,8r)5,270; the premium income of the Life Department was £93,723, being an in- crease of close on £13,0(M) over the previous year. Both as regards tlie liberal conditions of assurance and prospects of bonus, the advantages compare favourably with those offered by other similar in- stitutions. A large business is done by this Com- pany in tlanada, and they have on all occasions made prompt payine2it of losses a matter of the utmost importance, while their course has been strictly conservative as regards the investment of their funds and the acceptance of ri.sks offered them. The interests of this Company are in this city well and ably represented by Messrs. Wood & Macdonahl, of No. 92 King Street East, gentle- men well and favourably known, and of wide ex- perience in insurance matters. 92 CITY OP TORONTO. National Afinui-ance Company of Ire- land, Wood & McDonalu, Undekwriteks, KiNi; Sti!eet East. The fire insurance business of Toronto neces- sarily occupies a very prominent place in the commercial pursuits of the city, and some of the most solid and substantial companies engaged in this line of business are here representad. The financial history of insurance companies can record but few instances of eiiually permanent and long continued prosperity witli tliat of the old and reliable National Assurance Company of Ireland, which during its long career has always enjoyed the confidence and support of the general public It was established in 1822, with a capital of £1,(MK),(I00, and each successive year has added to Its strength and solidity. Tiie National has ever offered ade()uate protection to its patrons i while its affairs have been managed in the most conservative manner, the business transaction being kept within the bounds of prudent and efficient control. The Board of Directors was chosen for their superior qualiHca^-ions, and the '■ company was launched under tiie mo.st favou'-able ' ouspices on its long continued and honourable ' career. It has passed through the many severe trials that have swept over tlie financial world and the terrible conflagrations that have laid in '' ruins tens of millions of dollars' worth of property : arnl from them all has come forth untar- ' nished m names and credit. With plain and | easily understood forms of policies, the National ' has made the prompt adjustment of losses a i leading feature, and to this is due much of its I success The interests of this company in Toronto | are ably look after by Messrs. Wood & Mac- ' donald, of 92 King Street East. WiUtam Brotvn, Dealer i.v Carriage Hardware, 4* & 46 \VELi.rNOTON Street East, 'Ioroxto, Felloes, Spokhs, Hubs, Shafts, Enamelled Top and Dash Leather, KlTBBRR AND ENAMELLED CloTII, SPRINGS, Axles, Mo.ss, Curled Haik, Paints and Varnish, Carki.\oe Lamps, Tops. Tp.im- MiN(is AND Furnishings. In no branch of manufacturing ind v is a more marked and beneficial progress bci made than in that of the production of carriage? In the procuring of the component partfs of ve xcles several important branches of co-imercial pursuit find active employment, one of the most significant of these being that which deals with carriage hardware. A prominent firm connected with this enterprise in Toronto is that of Mr. William Brown, of 44 ard 46 Wellington Street East, who is thoroughly practical and experienced in every detail of this business. In 1866 Mr. Brown com- menced the carriage hardware business, which has since steadily grown to its present large proportions. The premises occupied are most spacious and commodious, and comprise five large flats, each 40 x 100 feet in dimensions, where every lacility is provided for the prosecu- tion of this business. In the rear of the first flat 18 the shipping department, which is one of the most conveniently arranged sections of its char- acter m any mercantile establishment in this city. The hydraulic elevator !a traversing the building from basement to the (opmost flat, passes through ! this department, which serves to lay before the I shipping hands any portion of the stock of the house looatod on the various flats. Tlie second *i ?'■?"'* ''" endless array and stock of spokes and hubs ; aiKl the trimming depertment occupies a large room in tiie front, wholly apart from the stock fouml in the rear. The trimmings are of the richest quality, while the variety ind extent of the stock of carriage lamps is one of the finct in the Dominion. On the third flat will be found a great assortment of rims and felloes, in hize from a truck wagon to a trottiii'? wagon ; also bodies for cutter.-i and sleighs, bodies and gears for car- nages, wagons, etc. In the upper stories a vast variety is carried cf carriage iiardware generally, the specialties of the house being lamps, Sarven wheels, rubber tops, .-iibber and enamelled cloth, all-wool and union cloth, moouette, plush, leather, moss, etc. This iiousc is one of tiie most enter- prising of Its kind in Canada and a very large and extended trade is done by him , George Virtue, Imi'ortkr and Publisher of Standard and Fine Art Serial Publica- ; TioNs, 12 Adelaide Street E. ; The name Virtue & Co. is synonymous with : that of subscription books in the United States and Canada and their publications are acknow- I ledgtd to be of the highest order of merit. In this city Mr. George V'rtue, of 12 Adelaide St. I hast, IS an importer and publisher of fine art I serial publications. His principal works published m Canada are Denfs Last Forty Years, or %*??<^^.»="ce the Union of 1841 ; and Tytlers Life of H. M. G. Majesty, the Qucen ; also Dr. Wild's great works on Anglo-Israelism ; the illustrated Globe Encyclopedia of Universal Knowledge, in 12 vols., IS a very valuable standard work of reference, and is sold by subscription in either volumes or parts. He imports m iny valuable English works. In City Row, London, and in JNew York, they publish the standanl serial worka which ne handles in Canada and which are sold by subscription, the latest being The History of Preemasonry, by R F. Gould, B.A., Past S.G\D. ot England. The house has been established for forty years. At first it used to be Virtue * Co., with Mr. Roger.s, Agent. There is a branch oflico '»"} l?"!""^?} ""'^^'" **»^ "*'e of Virtue & Co., Mr. H. S. Virtue, Mr. George Virtue's son, beinit the senior member of the firm. Mr. George V irtue IS an Englishman by birth and has been in this country for twenty years. He is an energetic ,of J.°T "^'^" """^ socially esteemed, and was, in 1882, President of the St. George'3 Society Toronto Mercantile and Vollectina Agency, Protection for Wholesale and Retail Dealers, J. R. E. Winters & Co 2^1 Adelaide St. E. ' The Toronto Mercantile Company and Collect- ing Agengy has now become one of the really necessary institutions of this great commercial centre, in its sphere aerving as a protection to wholesale and retail merchants in Toronto and the Dominion generally. The Company was esteb- hshed about ten years ago by J. R. E. Winters and REPRESENTATIVE BUSINESS MEN. 93 Co., being also agents for the Equitable Mer- cantile Co. , of New York. The agency furnishes to business men through their meicantile books and monthly reports, the standing of business men as well as of private parties, and ull debtors, bills of sale chattel mortgages, and execu- tions are publi.shed on these n.onthly reports for the benelit and protection of their s.ibscribers. Acooimts, notes, rents and chattel mortgages col- lected for snbscril)ers only, anywhere in the Dominion, the United .States or (;reat Britain A commodious and centrally located office is occupied by the uompany at 2;^ Adelaide iit. East, j! R. K. W inters & Co. liave the .-ery be.st cominerciai connection, and are in every way entitled to the conhdence reposed in them by the bu.siness com- munity at large. M.t^L. Samuel, lieujaiuin and Co., IMPOKTKBSOKGeNEKAL llAHOWAKK, MkT\LS, ' liN Platk.s, Chkmioals, Eth , 5Gi and .J8 Vo.NuK t,T. Lamp and Lamp Goods Depakt- i ME.NT, 9 .JoKUAN .Sti:eet. Enclmh HoiTsE— : Samuel, .So.v.s & Ben.tamin, 1 Rcmfokd i rLACE, Liverpool, Enm/land. I We present fc. 'he consideration of our readers i a briet sketcli ,: one ;.f the oldest, largest and most ' prominent houses engaged in tlie iinportinK and wholesale trade of the ciiv of Toronto. In its special branches of trade ts operations are as extensive as any .similar house in the Dominion, while its facilities for procuring its supplies place It at once beyond all its contemporaries. The house was establihed in 1856 as M. & L. Samuel, the present tide being adopted in 1880. The premises of . le (inn in the city consist of two spacious buildings on Yonge Street, oS x 120 feet QA oA^"^'""^', ^"•^ another on Jordan Street, 30 X 80 feet. In conjunction with the large and well-a.s8orted stock carried here, they always keep in warehouse at Montreal a stock of heavy goods, which enables them to make shipments trom there to points east that can be reached sometimes at a more favourable rate of freight to their customers than from Toronto. The lines of goods stocked by the house include metals, tin '• plates, shelf and heavy hardware, house furnish- I mg goodd, tin-smiths', plumbers' and steamhtters' ' supplies and general hardware of all descriptions, i as also chemicals. In addition to the above the firm are very extensive importers of lamps and lamp goods in all varieties. In every department the stock carried is very complete, and affords the widest held from which to select, an advantage ' ot inestimable importance to the trade. They have a house in Liverpool which is conducted | under the style of Samuel, vSons & Benjamin, ! Mr. Jacob Samuel being the resident member of '■ the hrm there. This enables them to pay swcial i attention to various d'^scriptions of goods for I import, which they quote at specitied figures ' dehvered, or on commission account. Consign- i nients of Canadian and American products to ' their Liverpool house are handled to the best ' advantage and Account Sales rendered with all possible despatch, the interest of tne consignors being studied throughout. The benefit derived from having a resident buyer in England cannot ' be jver-estimated, for thus all goods are purchased from first hands, every turn of the market being closely watched and availed of. The operations of the firm may be said to comprise the entire Dominion, and in all departments about fifty :!lcrks, salesmen and assistants are given tniploy- ment, which includes a number of representatives on the road. In concluding this l)rief .-sketch we may be permitted to say that this house, composed as it IS of straiglitforward, reliable business men, possessing ample capital and every business tacihty, IS well worthy of mention as a leading factor of the pro.Kperity and advance of the com- mercial interests of the city of Toronto. Booth {{• Soit, Coppersmiths, Brass Found- EKH, NicKLK Platers and Manukactuhers OK Plaxisiiei) Copper I'.ath Tuns, 15.") and l.'j? York Stheht. The manufactun; of copper and brass into articles of genstal necessity is essentially a mo.st nnportant branch of industrial pursuit. In this connection the leading representative firm of coppersmiths, brass-founders, etc., in Ontario, is that of Messrs. Booth 4 Son, which has been in existence since 1854, and is thus one of the oldest establishments of its kind in the province The premises occupied are centrally situated at Nos loo and 157 York Street, where the firm have a «n''^o,/^°*'''"'*' '""' f^lesroom covering a space of bOx21f feet v"ry facility being enjoyed for the prosecution of this trade. The most improved modern machinery an.l appliances have been in- troduced, while employment is given to an average of from thirty to thirty-five hands As coppersmiths, the firm do an immense amount of work for the trade and are prepared to promptly fill the largest orders. A prominent and justly 94 CITY OF TORONTO. celebrated feature of their monufactme are their planished-copper bath tuljs, constructed iu tiie most substantial manner of heavy siieet copper and embodying many valuable improvements, in- cluding tlie combination of a wash basin witii eacii tub, the improvements including superior con- nections and are duly protected under letters patent dated September 30, 1884. The firm are also manufacturers of brewers', distillers', confectioners' and sugar refiners' appliances anil all staple /{oods in the lino of tlie coppersmith, in eluding suills, boilers, etc. As brass founders also the house has acjiieved an enviable reputa- tion and does an extended trade, a specialty being made of plumbers' supplies of all kinds. As metal spinners and nickel platers tlie firm com- mands unsurpassed advantages and produces a class of work with difficulty duplicated elsewhere in Canada. In fact in every department their work compares favorably with anything produced in their line in the United States. Some idea of the character and magnitude of the interests involved may be gathered from the fact that the trade done exceeds $100,(100 annually, and is steadily increasing. Sir Charles Tupper, High Commissioner for England, in his officiaK report to the Dominion Government, makes the following very flattering allusion to the display made by this firm at the Colonial and Indian Exhibition at South Kensing- ton, England : " Almost the whole exhibition of Booth & Son was disposed of, and all articles comprising it were found to compare very favorably with the best English makes, both as to price and iiuality. This is a department in which we should hardly have looked for so great success in England, on the part of a Canadian maker. " The present members of this firm are Messrs. M. C. Booth and John O. Parker, gentlemen of practical experience in this country. Foster il- Macabe, Importers of Fancy Goods, Novelties in Art Needlework, Plushes, Brass Goods, Working Silks, AND Chenilles, Berlin Wools, Fingering Yarns, Eto., 8 Wellington Street West, Toronto, Ont. A very important factor in our commercial fabric is the importation of and trade in fancy goods, under which generic term is included a vast array of most useful and ornamental articles. Occupying a distinctively leading position in tiiis brancii of trade is the well known firm of Messrs. Foster & Macabe, who control the largest busi- ness in tliis line of any house in Canada. Tlie firm was originally established some (luarter of a century ago at Hamilton, under the title of Messrs. James Walker iV Co., but recognizing tiie superior advantages of Toronto as a distributing centre, they removed four years ago to tliis city, a movement which has redounded greatly to their beneht. Messrs. Foster iV Macabe occupy spacious premises at No. 8 Wellington Street West, comprising two flats and a basement, eacli 50 X 120 feet in dimensions, admirably adapted for the purposes of tlieir business. They are iui- portcrs and wholesale dealers in all kinds of fancy goods, novelties in art, needlework, plushes, brass goods, working silks and chenilles, fingering yarns, etc. , of which an endles.T variety is kept in stock, wliile all novelties will be found here as soon as introduced to the trade. The trade of tills house extends to all sections from Quebec to British Columbia, a".d the firm confidently expect a big fall business. Tlie individual members of this co-partnership are Mr. Charles H. Foster and Mr. John H. Macabe, both gentlemen of business ability and experience, and who in all transactions will be found thoroughly prompt and reliable. The British Canadian Loan and Investment Company (Limited), R. H. ToiMLiNsoN, Manageu, ,30 Adelaide Street East. There is nothing which contributes so eflFec- tually to the development and improvement of a young country as sound loan and investment companies. In this connection i prominent insti- tution is The British Canadian l-c)aii and Invest- ment Co., (Limited,) which offers to lend money on farm, city and town property to assist borrowers to pay off existing mortgages, erect and improve buildings and for all other purposes at the lowest current rates of interest. These loans are made on the security of productive real estate in any part of the Province of Ontario, and are granted on the most favorable terms as regards repayment of principal. Straight loans are made on farm property, repayable at the end of a speci- fied term of years ; while loans are also made upon tlie instalment plan, the borrower having the privilege of repaying his loan by yearly or half yearly instalments, interest ceasing immedi- ately on instalments so paid. The Company makes loans on good productive residence and business property, in thriving, well-established towns and villages, upon the instalment plan only, and for this borrowers v/ill fiind the Credit Foncier or Sinking Fund Plan of this Company the ciieapest and easiest method of repaying their loans. Mortgages and other real estate securities are purchased or advances made on tlie same, while the highest market price is paid for Municipal, School, and other debentures. The expenses of obtaining a loan from this Company are fixed by tariff, believed to be as favourable to borrowers as those of any ocher Company doing business in the Province. This Company was incorporated by special Act of the Parliament of Canada, and REPRESENTATIVE BUSINESS MEN. 96 has an authorized capitalofS'i.OOO, (KM); subscribed, 81,(i'20,0(M); paid up, » 322,412 ; with a reserve fund Iff $47,(H)() ; and total assets of !3ll,r)(i8,(iSI , The President of the Company is A. H. Campbell, Kaq., with Major George (ireig as Vioe-President. Their agents in Great Britain are Messrs. Scott, Moncrieff & Trail, of Edinburgh ; their bankers in London being the Koyal Hank of .Scotland. The Conipdny's debentures are payable in Canada, as well as in Great Britian, and are looked upon as a favorable investment by capitalists. The Manager of the Company is Mr. R. H. Tondinsou, a native of the Donunion, and wiio has had an experience of some eighteen year- >n tinancial matters. He previously held a .wo^ sible posi- tion in the Canada Permanent Loan and .Savings Company, and was at onetime Deputy-Sheritf of Ontario County. Ri'ffuohls Kellond, Solicitors of 1'atknts. Okfj('e.s, 24 Ki.vd Strkkt Kast, Toronto ; I oC St. James .Street, Montreal ; Pacific Builuini;, F. Street, Wasiiinoton, D.C. The soliciting of patents, trade marks, etc. , in accordance witli an intricate patent law, and tiie manifold rulings under the same, requires much skill in the preparation of the eases, and nice technical distinctions in the prosecution and in suits in interference, and forms and independent branches of law business, which has embarked in it some of tlie ablest professional men of this country. Occupying a leading position in this important pursuit is the old established firm of Messrs. Reynolds cS: Kellond, solicitors of patents and experts in all litigation respecting patents and trade marks. The firm arc successors to Chas. Legge & Co., and Kellond & (.'o., and were established in 18.59. Tliey have offices in Mon- treal and Toronto, Mr. Reynolds residing in the former city, and Mr. Kellond here ; they have ) an office at Washington, D.C, and agencies London, Paris, Brussels, Berlin, Vienna, also in Madrid, St. Petersburg, Stockholm, and in India and Au.stralia. Canadian, United States, British, and all Foreign and Colonial Patents are obtained. Trade marks and designs are registered, and copyrights secured. Interferences are conducted, reports and opinions are furnished on validity ; searches are made ; assignmenis and agreements drawn ; and advice given on patent laws. The individual members of this co-partnership are Mr. F. H. Reynolds and Mr. R. A. Kellond, both practical, experienced men of business, up in all points relating to patents, and invaluable advisers to those requiring the service of solicitors of patents. Frank A . Campbell, Vetebin-ary Surgeon, 32 AND 34 Eicii.MOND Street We.st. The advancement of veterinary science within the last quarter of a century is indeed something truly wonderful Wh.at v.'a.=, .ilmnst at mw time the exclusive domain of the empyrical horse- doctor, as he was fanuliarly called, has of late years been developed into one of the most im- portant of learned professions. Thorouglily equipped veterinary schools are maintained in all ciyili/ed countries, and not a few of the leading scientific minds of the age have been devoted to research and investigation in this interesting and imjwrtant science. The Ontario Veterinary Col- lege is :i good example of wliat is being done to foster and develop the highest attainments in veterinary surgery. In this city we have an illustration of this in the person of Mr. Frank A. Campbell, a graduate of the above named in- stitution, and who is numbered amongst the most expert veterinary surgeons in the country. His otKces, yards and stables areat.32and ,'U Richmond Street West, where he possesses every facility for the successful prosecution of his professiim, and he has for years enjoyed a most extensive practice. He is always provided with a full line of the various (irugs, medicines, unil appliances requisite to the relief and care of the diseases of animals, and it is a stul)b((rn oa.se inileed which fails to vield to his enlightened system of treat- nient, a specialty being made of pulmonary and intestinal disca.ses of domestic animals, as well as the diseases peculiar to the canine race. Mr. Campbell is thoroughly ac(iuainted with every branch of the veterinary art, to which he has given much study, and in a number of intricate cases he has been wonderfully successful. He is a keen follower of all legitimate sports ; much of the popularity of the Toronto Hunt is due to his exertions ; he is the owner of several first-class steeple-chasers, and being a bold and accomplished rider, he is both in the hunting field, as well as at the Woodbine meetings, to l)e invariably found in the first flight. Thomas Dean, Brass Founder, Rear oi 1.58 York Street, Toronto: all kinds o. Brass, Composition. Zinc and Copper Cast- ings Made to Order, also Babbit Metal .Brazin(j Spelter. Brass is, next to iron, possibly the most impor- tant of the metals, and in ancient history, both biblical and profane, frequent allusions are made to the employment of brass in the construction of musical instruments, vessels, implements, orna- ments and even gates. Although the general intro- duction of gas lias caused the brazen candlesticks in a great measure to disappear, still the immense number of stop cocks and brass pendants and brackets required has given a considerable imjjetus to the brass manufacturer, and a well-equipped foundry is necessary in all large communities. In this connection a leading establishment in this city is that of Mr. Thomas Dean, whose premises are located in the rear of 158 York Street. In 186! Mr. Dean established his present foundry, and during the twenty-five years of its existence its history has been a steadily progressive one and he has built up the highest of reputations for the excellence of his workmansliip, combined with moderate charges and the prompt fulfilling of all orders His foundry is fully fitted up throughout with the latest improved appliances for the pro- duction of all kinds of brass, composition, zinc and copper eastings. Mr. Dean Jnjoys excellent facili- ties, while his intimate, practical knowledge is fully recognized and he numbers amongst his pat- rons the leading business houses, engine builders, and others interested in brass works, not alone in tlie city of Toronto, but also in various parts of 96 CITY OF TOUONTO. the [ loyinte Anmu^ IiIh ,speuialti..-a are Bal)bit liiL'tal.whioli, for the henotitof tile uninitiated, is an alloy of copper, tin an.l antimony, the product Demg a. soft metal much used for reducing fri. tiou ot axles in heavy machinery. It was invente.. hv an American goldsmith named liahhit within the last hall century, and Congress rewarded aim with a gold medal and .*20,(M)0 Afr. [Jean is a master of 1,18 tra.le in its every detail, and is a prompt, reliable man of business R. Carrie, Stokaok, 27 Fkovt Sthekt East. In this work, which is designed to represent the dllierent and dnersitied character of the resources ot loionto. It must be obvious to all, that with the large ami steadily increasing trade of this uty, there is at all times an active .lemaiid for Htorage ™..n. In this connection we have an t,nn "i" ^?''*'?"','""e>'t in this city in that con- trolled by Mr. Itobert Carrie, who has large and spacious store rooms at Front Street Kast? with every convenience for the prompt handling an.l storage of goods. A large general storage busi- uess ,s done, especially in teas an.l dry goods. hor these Mr. (Jarrie issues warehouse receipts, which are negotiable at any bank, while if .lesire.i ne will advance money on goods st.)red. The advantage of this establishment is fully recowni/ed by merchants, especially importers in this city anil It cannot be regarded in any other light than as a public boon to the general community. This Dusuiess was established in February, 18SC, and a large stock of general merchandise will always be foun.l in these warerooms. Mr. Carrie was born 111 Scotland, came to this country in 1857 lie was for many years engaged in the dry goods trade, and IS a gentleman of high standingfwell , and favorably known in mercantile circles. | Malrolm Nireu, Commission Mekchant, .lo H ii.)NT Stkkkt East. Air. Malcolm Niven has been establiahe.l in business as a general merchandise broker for the past twenty-five year-, during which time he has built up an excellent eonuection throughout the country ami the L'nitc.l States. His olHcc is I locate.l at No. .W Front Street Fast. He is agent <.r s.mie of the m.)st imp.)rtant millers in Canada, lian.lling their pro.lucts wit! promptness and satisfacti.m to both buyers a- ' sellers. Also agent for Messrs. N. K. Fairbaiik k Co., lard rehncrs, (Jucago. He also takes or.lers for Kiain an.l pr,.visi.)ns through the Chicago 15oanl of ira.le for cash or on margin, aii.T all or.lers are pn.mptly Idled. Mr. ffiveii is a represt-n- tative br.)ker in this city for several Chicago houses. He .leals extensively in grain, (l.,ur, pr..vis,oiis, tish, etc., selling throughout the l)ominion an.l dealing in grain with the Unite.l states. Air. iNiveii is a native of Scotland an.l has resided in tliis country for the past thirty years. He is a th.,rough business man an.l highly respected in cmmercial and social circles, anil is a member of the Toronto B.)ttrd of Trade Don Vale Coach JForhs, 527 and 529 Kino Street East, Brickenden Bkls. The business of Messrs. Brioken.len Bros, was established in 1882. The members are Messrs W. J. and T. E. Briekeiiden, both younK men, practical carriage builders, and with a thorough knowle.lge of all the details of their business. Their operations have continously in- creased, aiul their scope enlarged, and now thev have established a very appreciable connection L Y Preibises cover an area of H)0 X ,ia [eet There is a large factory of three stories, which Messrs. Bricken.len Bros contem- plate enlarging, de\ote.l to the different branches i ot the busme.ss The scope of the work engatred ' m comprises all kinds of carriages, wagons etc i Kepairing is nia.le a specialty, and orders are ' attended to witli promptitude and executed with > satisfaction. Experienced an.l skilled workmen i are employed, while the work is personally super- i intended by the members of the firm themselves ' so that only hrst cla.ss work is turned out an.l special attention paid to the details of orders Both momhors are natives of Toronto, are widely known and enjoy a high reputation. They are possesse.l of energy and enterprise and as thev devote their time exclusively to their business they are deserving of their marked success ' I'earxoti Jiros., IJkal E.state Brokers, 17 Adklaidk Stkkkt East. Aluch of the rapid .levelopment noticed in eligi- ble city property in Toronto is due to the honour- able and c.Hiservative methods .)f our leading brokers who have not .sought to create inllate.1 values, but rather to retain the market upon the hrm basis ot actual worth, as regar.ls iiiome- produemg capacity. No form of investment has become so popular with the conservative public as judiciously selected real estate, for not only is a permanent .source of income assured, but there is j a reasonable certainty of prospective increase in value. Prominent among the leading an.l popular I houses engaged in the real estate business of the city is that of xMessrs. Pearson Bros., of 17 Ade- laide Street East. The members of this firm con- sist of Mr. Charles Pearson and Mr. John F. Pear- son, both of whom have live.l in Toronto all their lives and have carried on the business of real estate in all its branches for the past fifteen years. Air. Charles Pearson was formerly manager for the late Bishop Strachan and late Capt. James Strachan, both of whom were large propertv owners. This firm is employed by many of the -. --■•• -"—t-iioi-s. i,uc UlBOOSlllOIlS Ol pioperties both houses an.l vacant lots, in all j parts of the city and country. Their estate inan- agenient department is under the direct super- j vision of their manager. Air. Arthur Pearson, and I many of the largest property owners have their , business transacted by this firm, finding that it is more remunerative than if handled by themselves. I In nearly all important valuations an.l arbitra- tions their services are retained, such as in the ex- j appropriation of the Court House site, also by the Church Synod and Railway and Loan Companies ana Banks, liegardmg the real cst.'st* .tutlook the question with those who have idle money is, where to put It so that it shall be safe, and bring in the largest return. It is now conceded and beyond l!.^'^ I'l f,* realty when bought right is more profitable than any other investment. Toronto Merchant, .To eHtiilili8)ier>:>,'p" m"-' f '■=- -.- pickled huits and fine and fragrant teas and coffees as well as the choicest wines, liquors, ales, clarets' etc., while the entire slock is offered at the lowest figures possible for first.cba.ss goods. The stafT and facilities for delivering have been increased and the company are in a position to execute all orders promptly and carefully. d8 CITY OF TORONTO Wyld, QrasettA Darling, Imiokikks and VVllOl.KSAI.K DiAII.KS IN I)KV (JodDS, IviC, (,UK. VVKl.l.INdTON ANI. UaV S I UKETS, TORONTO. To recognize and jiay (rilniu- to will nitrileil Inisi- nc'ss success is always a pleasing iliity; anil it is rendered mere jileasiny w lien the sources (if that success are clearly apiiarent and < xeniplify the rule that vhere ahility and liigli Inisiness inteyrily are guidi I by experience and supiifirled by ample cupital, success is sure to he attained. Wvi.ii, Gkaskit \- Dakiinc continue to do one ol the largest trades in the Dominion. Previous to enterinR into partnership, the various nieiidieis of the firm, .Messrs. I'rcderick Wyld, A. \\ . Crasett and Andrew Darling, were all coimected with other leading firms in the city, from which they withdrew to form together the tirm which is the subject of these line. 81 Jarvis .Sikkki, Toronto, .So much caie being re(piired in the manufacture of vinegar, it is of the greatest imjiortance to the consuming public thai they shall know by whom such an ariicle is made, and that the manufacturers ere reputable and On4i [ladid/i Pknto-Eii.^r(irinA^ liiireau, I. V. MOOKK, J. Al.KXANDKX, Jr.. 20J Voni;k Street, Toronto. n,\i.KTo.NK Encjkavinos MAUK DIRKIT IROM I'HO lOI I R A I'llS, KtC, A SI'KCIAI.TV. Al.SO I'lioio AM) Wood Hn- CRAVINC IN Al.t. IIIKIR HRANCIIKS. \Ve (lUAKANTEEIJUAI.ITV, DESfATCIl, AND REASON- AllLE RATES. This department of the phonographic art consists I of a process of etching on copper, steel or zinc { by means of the action of light and certain chem- \ icals, a facsimile of a photograj)h, drawing or ' other object so that from the plate any number of i iinpressions may be taken. The method was j discovered by Kox Talbot, who secured patents on I it in 1852 and 1858. .Since that time many improve- ' ments have been made, until now the art seems perfection itself. This firm commenced business in 1888, and are the only ones at present doing the halftone engraving in Canada. .Since its inception it has met with the most marked success, a large and growing trade having been establithed. Halftone engr -s made direct from photographs, drawings, or p: ,i , are a specialty, while photo and wood engra«if,g in all their branches are prominent features of the establishment. The quality of the work is guaranteed, and all orders are executed with despatch and at reasonable rates. The latest improved appli- ances and apparatus are used and new methods introduced as soon as their merits are recognized and acknowledged, a new electrical machine having recently been added to their already complete out- fit. While the firm is a comparatively young one, yet from the superiority of its work it has already estab- lished a wide connection, and has recently snccess- fuUy competed with Chicago houses in halftone wr, -k. Employment is given to seven competent workini n. The individual members of the firm are I. F. Moore, and J. Alexander, jr., Canadians by birth, young and enterprising gentlemen, and practical in all branches of their profession. in(;Mi-:sr aw Akn TOdlNIO KXIIIIIITIUN rehahlc. With the assistance of efficient workmen, thorough- ly [iractised in the latest developments ol science an([ chem- istry, as applied to till' production of choice and high- priced vinegar, the liadgerow, b'alconer Ilonded Vinegar Manufiictiiring Co. are able to pui upon the market the finer and higher grades of vinegars, guaran- teed pure and wholescmie in every respect and free from all foreign acids and adulteration. They make a •pecial gra,rs. |iiiM.-> I'.irk A: Sin, whose cxi. iisivc jst.il.h^hnitnt i, on ih.' Kr.ml Sticfi side ol Si. Uwrc-ncf .M.iilvoi. It is thiily-fonr years since lliis ' enterprise was liist M.irted l,y Mr. [iinus I'ark, who i conducted 11 alone till i.SSj, sinre which lime the present hrni h.ivo canied it on When lit>t siarled i 11 was ill a sm.dl way, l)iit as the years have passed I I le tr.ade has increase.! and eMen.led, and is now the leading one of its ly the carload, then ciiiinj; and preserving the meaf : manufacliirinj; preserved mv-als, su^ar-cnred hams, ' saiisa(;es, l)olo(;nas, etc., and doiny a larf,'e trade, ' whde for the convenience of this hraiich of their business they have rooms specially litted up and replete with all the latest appliances. Thev deal largely in country produce, Inilter, e^-gs and cheese, as well as Iresh nunt, and make .1 spLcialty ol imported Kn^lish sheipcasinfj for the ,;. sajje trade. Ihese various ^;oods are sold in large .pianiilies, at wholcs.ale am: joh lots, the trade eNteiulin(,' to all parts of the Dominion. Two travellers from the house visit dillerent sections of the country. Mr. James I'ark, the senior iiumlier ol the lirm, was horn in (da.sgow, Scotland, and has lived in Cana.la many years. His son Andiew is a Torontoboy. Theyare piishinR and energetic Rentlemm, and thoroimhly practical provision merchants. including llrilinh Colunibia, Maniiola and the .Mari tinu rrovinre!!. I'he company is well represeiile ' by six travelleis, whose territory covers the whole if C.inaila. Twice within die pa-t ten years has the factory been alinost miiiely destroyed by lire, and as often has it been lebiiilt on a larger and more exieiisive scale, and as an evidence of the way ihe business has increased it may be stated that before the present company took hold of it in iSJio, the annual 'lies aii.ounled lo but $5,000 while now Ihcy aggre- gate iiioie than .fjoo.ofni. A luo hore-power engine lurnisiies llie niotive power, and emplojimnl i^ given lo hity-live hanils. Sir. A. (i. I'cuchcn, llie iiianag- ing director, and Mr. John .M. 1 reiich, sec. treas., are piihiiig, i ive and energetic gentlemen, and lo their enterprise is due to a great esluil the present popularity of the house. TheA. G. Peiichan Co. (Limited). Man- oi.ACTUkKRs Ol.- Vaknishks, Japans, Oils, Dry Colons, Mixf.d Paints, Ktc. Sa.muki, Tkkf.S, I'UKSIDKNT ; J. M. Flrc if I he way ilie «1 that hffiirt' XSo, ihcaiiiiiial iw ihiy a^nff ■ |"iM(-r cni;iiii' ri, ihc iii.iiint;- ■h, sL'c. treas., ik'iiiL'ii. niiH lo rit the pri'sent 11 lick II mi I, Mamuac- IK.MAI. Kl'.l) Tll.Ks, KTC. , T.| ! LiviN(;- Kl. iril, 1SS9, and a year old. ind i-taiuls in I'nloi prises (if the Company li are ni.inii r.d are very iiy ha\ e sdMie hlc clay, and y carryinu <"i ;esi prt.-.sc.s in 1 d are having the one they KiNK TwiNK, IIamm.x KS, Tknms, Ckickki AMI l-i Y Nkis ; Mil IS ANi. OllKi;, io7« III.OOK SiRKKT Wl-.sl ; SAMI'I.K, K..CM, J7 VoMiK .1IRKKI. The maniif.iclure o( twines, eonlage, rope, etc., is an iiiiporianl industry and gi.iws niiue so year by year. I'lii, Imsiness in well represented in Toronto l>y the D.ivercouri Twine .MIINCo,, Lniiiieil, whose well appoiiucd simple room is on \oiige .Si. ret near I'toni, an, I mills and olliee at No. 107S IJIom Sire, t West. The inciplioii o( liiis enterprise dates hack some four y.'ar-, hut it has recently been reorgan- ized and a joint stock company I imed, the extent ■■iiul scope (,f the mniifaciory !Hiii;T thereby very iiiiich increased. The premises are laige and com modioiis, covering an area of more than half an acre, a.Kl are being eipiippeo with special machiiury, built expressly by the company. This h,„ise manuf:ic- lures cotton and hemp twines ami cordage, mill binding and driving ropes, braiiled s.rsh cord, chalk and li,hiiig bncs. laces, seine iwine, hammocks, .'n- III', cricket and lly nets, etc., buying the collon >arii roni the milN here and imporliiig the hemp and jute (roni Knr,)pe. The g,,o,ls tiirrted out are of a lirM- t iss ouality. Iind a ready market, and are sold and shipped to all parts of the l)(niiiiiion. ffcirlfitt .Miin'r<^ Comfxinij, no (^)uken .SiuFKT Wi.sr. The house-furnishing industry is .\ very important one in any comiminiiy, and especially .so in large and growing cities. Toronto has many prominent houses engaged in this line, a leading one being that of the llewletl .Manuf.icturing Company, who'se eMensive warehouses are at 1 10 (,)ueen .Street West, and whose largo aii'l 'vell-app .inted f.Tclory is found on llayler St. The inception of tl enterprise dates back some .seven years, when it was first starled by the present pnprietois, who, previous to that, had been in the same line in liufTalo, New York. Theprcmi.ses occupidl as a salesroom and slorcliouse consist of a substantial three-story and basement brick structuu . 20 .\ 55 feet in dimensions and sniinbly tilted up tor the convenience of the busine.ss to which it is devoted. The factory is a snacioiis three-story structure, with all necessary appliances,, the ground lloor being u^ed in making spring beds, the first Hat for mattresses, and the second lor uphobtering. The i^omjiany keep in slock a line line of furniture, carpets, silver- ware, clocks, wringers, baby carriages and general house-furnishings, and manufacture spring beds, mattresses and general upholstered goods, and in the various departments do si large .and tlou-ishing busi- ness, employment being given to soine i 1 hands. The goods dealt in are all of first (piality, .ind art- sold at moderat.. jirices, the easy monthly |)aynient principle having been adopted by the hniise. The trade is principally confined to' the city, and the house employs city travellers in making outside sales. The members of the Company are William C. and James A. Hewlett, Canadians by birth, enterprising gentlemen, pushing business men, and practical wood workers. John h'ftij, Sun .V Co., Cari-kts, Oil Cirvnis, LiN'ii.r.i'Ms, AMI r;(.NKKAi. Miii sr. KUKSIslllMis, \Vl|ii||..SAI.K. ANIi IvKIAII,, J4 KlN(; SlKKKl U'hsr. < arpets form an important nrtiele of necessity in every household ; conse,|iienlly the trade in them iii jiropi.rtioiiately signifieai,!. In Toronio ihe lemliiic house for anylhing in this line is that of Messrs. John Kay, .So 1 .•>: to,, whose extensive establishment" i-s at No. J4 King Street West. This busine. s was iloundedin i.Sy by Messrs. Hetley .V Brown, and in I 1S47 was changed to Messrs. Itetley .V Kay, trading . as general dry goods merchants on the corner of Yonge and King Streets. .Some iwenlyllve years later Nlr. Hetley retired, and ten years ago since .Nil. Kay removed to his present location and devoted his operations entirely to carpets and house furnish- [ ings in that line. Mr. Kay continued alone till 1.S8S, when he as.sociated with him his son, John B., and son-in-law, Colin K. Gordon, and these three gentlemen now constitute Ihe firm. The building is a four-slory erne, 26x205 fee' in dimensions, where a large stock of carpets, rugs, oil cloth, linoleum, j curtains, draperies and this class of goods is to b» found. This house does the biggest carpet trade of I any one in the Dominion, and the representations made can ab.vay.s be (icpcndcd on. Tiic goods are i sold at both wholesale and retail, and the trade ; extend.s to all parts of the Dominion. The members ' of the firm are active and enterprising busine.ss men, I who personally superintend the various departments i of their establishment. 102 CITY OF TORONTO Toronto Billiard Table Co., W. o. Whiting, MANAtiKR, Manukaciukers, Im- porters, AND Dkalicrs in Am, Kinds ok Pool AND Kii.LiARi) Tables, 62 York S;-rekt, Toronto, It is absolutely necessary in this busy and rushinc age, that some harmless recreation lie indiWced in to relieve the mind of its cares and refresh it for re- newed energy. The game of pool or billiards, which is supposed to have originated in England, first beii.g known as extensive importer of and dealer in Billiard Cloth Ivory, Cue Tips, Chalk, Cues, and all materials pertaining to the business. The trade of the house has from its inception met with marked success enlarging and increasing from year to year, and now the orders for goods of this kind come from all parts of the country. Mr. Whiting, ihe manager, is a pleasant and social gentleman, and is a thoroughly practical builder of these tables, having had many years' experience, lie personally superintends all details, rnd closely inspects every article before it leaves the manu- factory. bowls, and which was introduced into France by Louis XIV., whose physician recommended this exercise, (urni.shes a most tuitable game for this purpose, played either at home or in some billiard parlor. Since the invention of the game, the shape of the table on which it is played has varied from time to time. At first it was square, with a hole or pocket at each corner to receive the ball ; then it was lengthened and provided with two other pockets, and occasion.illy it is made round, oval, triangular or octagonal, with or without pockets, according to the game required, and depending, too, on the coun- try in which it is to be used, different places adoptine different styles. The manufacture of these tables has become a very important industry, mony thousands of hands being employed an 19 and 21 Richmond Street West. P'ew ul the v.nrious articles used in house furnish- ing play a more conspicuous part than neat and fancy gns lixtures and chandeliers, and the mainilac- Uire and trade in them has of recent years assumed large pi<.|. onions. .\ prominent huu.-e, and the lead- ing one in this city devoted to the .^ale of iliese geods is that eslablishod in li!75 by .\Ir. R. H. Lear, and by him conducted till his death in the latter part of ISSS, since which time it has been carried on in trust lor his estate. Wlieii first started ii was on Victoria Sireel, but as the Imsiness increased larger accommo- dati(;ns were needed, and it h.is from time to time Leing removed, locating in its jircsent commodious quarters some six yeais ago. These consist of a substantial three-story Iniildir.g 35 x So feel in oimen- sion, and suitably fitted up foi the convenience of the Inisiness to which it is devoted. The stock is vtry fidl and ccmiplete, including all kinds of gas lixtures anil chainleliers of the latest styles and patterns, which have been imported directly bv the house, judiciously selected, bought in large quantities and sold at moderate prices. The tratie in these has from the siart been most marked, steadily incrtasiiig and exiendiiig as the years have passed, and now r.-aching to all parts of the city. Since .Mr. Lear's deaih the active management o'f ihe business- has been in charge of Mr. W. II. .Meredith, who has long been coniiecled with the house, thoroughly understands its every deiail. an aclive and enter- prising gentleman and one in whom the estate has the most implicit confidence. British Jmerican Dijein^ Co., Gold Mi-.DAi.Lisi DvKKs, 24J5 koriui Dame Stueet, -Montreal ; go Kinc. Stri-et EAsT,T(iiiON-io ; Walter Endai.i , Managi.r for Toronto. This is the l.irgest establi.-hment of the kin,(JOO,(JOO. Since its start it has enjoyed ; a phenomenally successful career, and its I .system is tlie most .substantial of any in the I world. It pays all legitimate claims p'romiitly : and in full, the total amount paid consider- j ably exceeding two million pounds sterling. Ihe enormous amount of comfort and help, I in the darkest hours of bereavement and pri- v.ition, which is rejjresented by that large figure, must prove a satisfaction to all who have been in any way associated with tho henehcent operations of this Society. Tho income of the Society for the past year shows a substantial increase under each of the .sources from which it is derived. Only the best of risks are selected ; the funds are most carefully invested at remunerative rates ; and tho business of the Society gene- rally IS conducted with an anxious desire to '"*'«t all reasonable requirements. Loans are effected on real estate at the lowest cm-rent rates, and a large business is done in this connection. The interests of this Society in roroiito are well and ably represented by Mr. A. 1). Perry, a gentleman of wide ex- perience in insurance matters. came to this country in 1875, The company control several patents, and in the line of production in which they are engaged thev are surpassed by no contemporarj' Star Life Assurauft! Perry, Manaoer, Street East. Society, A. D. 32 Wem,in(Jton The life insurance system has been for many years a positive force in the progress Ilobett Cof/nfni, Stock Broker, 2.'iCoi.- borne Street. The investment of money is one which concerns us all, and in that connection there IS at all times a demand for the .services of the stock broker. Amongst those who occupy a loading position in this line of business is Mr. Robert Cochran, whose offices are in Coiborne Street, and who was formerly a mcmlier of the well-known firm of Scarth, Cochran & Co. Mr. Cochran enjoys a wide connection and has a keen comprehensive knowledge of the money market. He deals largely in stocks bond.s- and debentures, both in Toronto and JNbw York, and also in grain and provisions on the ChicH;go Board of Trade, on margin or cash. As a land agent Mr. Cochran does a large business, oiwratine: extensivelv in Hudson's Bay and North-West Company's Lands. Mr. CocHran is a native of Scotland, but for many years has lived in this coun- try, where he is highly esteemed by all who know him, and in all his dealings he will be found proini)t and reliable. 106 CITY OF TORONTO. A. J. 3t<;Lean, Meiumiant Tailoh, 372 Queen Stueet west. In those days when the world jud^jes so much by outward a{>|)earances, it is ueces- saiy for all business men to be well dressed, and never w;is there a time when the art of merchant tailorinf^ was so thoroughly ap- preciated and understood as at the present ; for there is a wide diffei-ence in the style, comfort, tit, and appearance of the clothes cut and made by the merchant tailor and those of the ready-made clothier. A promi- nent house euKaged in this important pur- suit is that of Mr. A. J. McLean, of 372 Otipen Street West, close to Spadina Avenue. He has be en established here for the last four years, and has always enjoyedlajliberal and influential patronage. In this well- ^(luipped store will always be found a very choice assortment of the newest and most fashionable styles in general suitings, in- cluding Scotcli and English tweeds, Irish serges, fine cloths, worsteds, diagonals, etc., of the best manufacture, which have been selected with the greatest care, and which for quality and elegance are able to meet the wants of the most fastidious. Mr. McLean thoroughly understands every de- tail of this business, and possesses ample facilities for the prompt fulfillment of all orders, having always a large staff of skilled workmen whose operations are all conducted under his personal supervision. Mr. Mc- Lean, who is descended from an old High- land Scotch family, is a native of Canada, and is personally popular with all who know liim. m siiort, to those who desire a high grade of custom clothing this house com- mends itself as one that may be implicitlj' relied on to furnish only such garments as shall rank superior in all respects. Olasgoir tC London Insurance Cotn- pany. Head Office for Canada, Montreal : Manager, Stewart Browne; K.e.sident Secubtarv, Hugh Browne. Office, 34 Toronto Street. In no branch of business enterpri.se has there been a more marked growth than i^^ fire insurance, there being represented in Toronto a number of the most substan- tial and financially strong institutions in the world. In the aggregation of capital in buildings and perishable property, the first- class reliable insurance company is neces- sary for the continuance of business inter- ests. In this volume, wherein our leading and representative pursuits receive due and careful consideration, and to some extent detailed review, there is no department that enlists more attention than tnat of fire in- surance. The Glasgow and London Fire Insurance Company, of Great Britain, pre- sents itself as or f the leading companies doing business in this country. The Glas- gow and London has an authorized capital of Sl.noO.O'X), a government deposit for the benefit of Canadian policy holders of 1140,- 000, a reserve of S2.").'),000. an income of $1,- 100,000, with asset.s in Canada of »2I0,0(X). The Board of Directors for the Dominion comprises the following ; W. H. Hutton, Esq., Chairman; William Cassils, Esii.. President of the Canadian District Tele- graph Co. ; D. Girouard, Esq., (J.C, M.P. ; Larratt W. Smith, Es(|., D. C. L., President of the Building and Loan Association ; Robert C. Jamieson, Esq. : S. Nordhoimer Esq., and George R.R. Cockburn, Esq., M.P., all gentlemen well and favorably known throughout the Dominion. The responsible duties of manager are ably discharged by Stewart Browne, Esq., of Montreal, while in Toronto the company is efficiently repres- ented by Hugh Browne, Esq , resident sec- retary, the general agents being Messrs. W. Fahey and W. J. Bryan. JtobertHOH liros., Wholesale Confec- tioners. Fa(!torv— 83 TO J)l Queen Street East. The inhabitants of the American continent, especially the rising generation, are prob- ably the largest consumers of confectionery goods in the world, and the productions of our manufacturers of the wholesome and delicious luxuries can compete favorably with those of France, which country for a long period has been considered the most successful in this particular line. Occupying the leading position in this line of business is the old established firm of Messrs. Robertson Bros., which has been in existence for close on a qunrter of a century, during which period it has steadily preserv- ed the highest reputation for turning out only the very purest of goods. Spacious premises are occupied on Queen Street East, consisting of a substantial four-storey brick buildine:, with a frontage of 130 feet and a depth of IGO feet. Thewhole establishment is systematically divided into departments ; on the first floor are the offices, shipping and packing rooms : in the rear is the engine and boiler room, also the " pan" room in which the hard finished goods are made and of which the firm make a specialty. In the basement is the chocolate room ; on the sec- ond floor is the cream room, where all cream goods are manufactured ; also the lozenge department, of which some 2,000 lbs. are turned out daily. On the third floor are the boiling rooms, where some 10,000 lbs. of boiled candy are turned out weekly. On the top flat is the "gum" room where the jujubes, marsh mallows and all kinds of jelly goods are made. The confections are made from cane sugar only, and orders are received from 5 lb. packages to a carload, the goods going into every part of the IDomi- nion from the Atlantic to the Pacific. This industry, in no small measure adds to the fame of Toronto as a manufacturing centre, while by giving employment to some li)0 hands it also adds to the material thrift of the city. The members of this firm are Messrs. income of $1,- la of «210,000. ho Dominion H. Hutton, Jassils, Esi|.. District Tele- , Q.C., M.P. ; L., President Association ; Nordhoinier n, Esq., M.P., rably known le responsible iseharged by ntreal, wliile iiently repres- resident sec- g Messrs. W. ALE CON'FEC- 91 Ql'EEN ian continent, 3n, are prob- confectionei-y roductions of lolesome and te favorably lountry for a red the most e. an in this line shed firm of h has been in of a century, idily preserv- turninf? out s. Spacious 1 Street East, -storev brick 150 feet and a iblishment is lepartments ; shipping: and le engine and om in which lade and of alty. In the : ; on the sec- ere all cream I the lozenge ,000 lbs. are floor are the 0,000 lbs. of kly. On the where the all kinds of nfections are id orders are a carload, of the Domi- 'acific. This adds to the mufacturing ploy men t to the material are Messrs. REPRFSENTATIVE BUSINESSMEN. 107 Thomas and Alexander Robertson, natives of .Scotland, who possess in a marked degree that .-.pirit of energy and enterprise so characteristic of the Scotch, and which niakes them the most acceptable settlers in any country'. Sfara ,V Co., Gkoceus and Wine Mek- (jiiANrs, 280 Queen Stkeet West. Comprising so many of the actual neces- Barics of life, to say notliing of the nu- tnerous dolicacios, the trade in groceries, including as it does some of the products of every countiy in the globe, is necessarily a most imjiortant factor in the constitution of our commin'cial fal)ric. Amongst those who occupy a leading po- sition in this busi;iess and do one of the largest trades in the <;ity, is the well-known firm of Messrs. Mara & Co., who occupv a handsome store witli spacious warerodms in^ the lear at 280 Queen Street West. Mr. William Mara, the head of this house, has been engaged in this business for the last eighteen years, and in that tinu; has built up a large family trade and connection, a result due to the fact that he has ever made It a niiif qua mm to deal only in the very best of sui)plies, and thus he has secured the full coiilidence of his numerous customers. The stock carried is a heavy and varied one and includes all kinds of hormeticallv .sealed goods in tin and glass, condiments, con- .serves and table delicacies ; in this line he has one of the finest assortments to be found in the (lity. and any novelty in fancy gro- qeries will always be found here, while he also handles the usual stajdes and sundries. Special attention is paid to teas and coffees'. the teas lioiiig the choicest iiroducts of China. Japan and Assam, with the most fragrant coffees fruiri .Java, Mocha and South Amer- ica. Messrs. Mara & C 'o., obtain their goods direct from iirst hands, aiul are thus ena- bled to quote the lowest prices to their cus- tomers. A leading specialty of the house is the Country Department, iii which connec- tion a largt! and extended trade is done. A handsome catalogue and price list i.s pub- lisheil by the Hrm. and family orders are shiijped to all parts of Ontario! twenty dol- lar orders being shipped free to aiiv railroad station within 100 miles of Toronto. Messrs. Mara & Co. deal in the finest wines and li(luors obtained direct from noted .ship])ers, and which are guaranteed pure and unadul- terated. In this line their business isstrictly a family one and special attention is paid t'o ' wines for medicinal purposes. Mr. Mara is i one of the leading representatives of this ' branch of trade and is personally popular with and much esteemed by all who know him. tions, the.so in a great measure being the reflex of the prosperity of the place. A prom- inent institution in Toronto is that of the Freehold Loan and Savings Company, with offices at the corner of Church antl Court Streets. This business wc. established in 18,)9, and its history since then under able and conservative management, has been a steadily prosperous one. The subscribed capital of the Company is S;2,70O,0CO, of which $1,200,000 has been paid up, and there is a reserve fund of $:)70,0CO. The company issues loans on satisfactory securities at the lowest rate of interest, repayment being made on such a basis as may be agreed upon I to suit the borrower. Its board of dire(!tors embraces some of our best known business men, whose names are at once a guarantee for the stability of this company, amongst them being A. T. Filton, Esq., W. j. Mac- Donell, Esq., W. Elliott, Esq., W. F. Mc- Master, Esq.. T. S. Stayner, Esq., C. H. Gooderham, Esq., and Hugh Ryan. The important duties of the manager are ably- discharged by the Hon. S. C. Wood, a gentleman of wide experience in financial matters, having at one time been Treasurer of the Province of Ontario, and also of the County of Victoria. The solicitor is Mr. John Leys, and the bankers of this company are the Canadian Bank of Commerce, the Standard Bank, the Bank of Ottawa, the Imperial Bank, the Union Bank and the Bank of Scotland, London, England. Fret'hnUf Loan umf Sarin f/s font pattu. Hon. S. C. Wooi>, Mana(ieu, Counek Ciiuudii AND CoiriiT Streets. In dealing with the business interests of any given centre, prominent mention must in all cases be made of our moneyed institu- Charles Smith .1- Co., Mani;fa(;tcrers OF Steam Engines, Pumi'.s. Hydrants, Valves, etc.,, 5!) Richmond Street East. It is the object of this historical review to make some general remarks upon the char- acter of tliose manufacturing enterprises which have done so much to promote the fame of Toronto as a producing and dis- tributing centre. In this connection atten- tion is drawn to the well-known and reliable house of Messrs. Charles Smith & Co., which has long occujded a prominent place in manufacturing industries. The enormous increase in the demand for steam engines and machinery has rendered their manufacture in this country one of great importance and significance. Messrs. Chas. Smith & Co are manufacturers of steam engines, puinp.s, hydrants, valves, shafting, pulleys, hangers, water meters, and general water works supplies, while special machin- ery IS made to order. The premises occupied i by the firm were formerly on Adelaide Street, but they recently removed to No. r)9 Richmond east, where they 0C3upy two spacious flats, each 4r)xrir) feet in dimensions, fitted up with new and most approved ma- chinery, employing a large iiumber of skilled hands. The superior quality of all work turned out from here and the high reputation enjoyed by the firm have secured for them a big trade and con- nection. They built the new pumping •ngine of the Parkdale wat^r works, whicS 108 CITY OF TORONTO. has a capacity for pumpin« two aiul a luilf iiiillioii gallons of water per day. , Tliov also last year built all the liydrauis for tli'e city, and iiianufactiired all the L^-iuch valves for the waterworks mains ; ajid in all their undertaking;;;* they have t^iven c-oniplete sat- isfaction. The manufactures of this house arc unsurpassed for utility, durability and Koneral oxcellenco, while a loading specialty is nuido of steam pumps and waterworks supplies. FfinihH Iti'OH., Wiioi.i>Ai.ic De.\i,:;ijs i\ Scit.U' Ikon, H.\ii,s, Mktai.s, I'wrro.v W.ASTio, Officio axd Y \hi>. .S2 to »^ GioouctK SritioiOT. In this \itilitarian a}i5t'of tlio turnings from the lath^', and all useless and worn pieces, whether old or new, are fie(|uently dii)pod into hydrochloric iu;id. to separate the tin coating from the iron ; and the muiiateof tin so formed is of commercial value for (l.\eing jmrposes. Scrap irou consists of any waste nieces of iron, although the term is usually lield to mean malleable iron only ; and for inany |)\u [lOses it is particulai-ly valuable, as it is found that a greater strengtli can lie obtained l)y welding small fragments of iron together than is found in lai-ge masses, the iibro being nmch nioie twisted and inter- woven, fioin the mingling of pici'cs in e\'ery imaginable direction. Prominently identiri- i ed with the pursuit in Toronto is'the well- known firm of Messrs. Fran ket Bros., whole- sale dealers in sera)) iron, rails,, metals, cot- ton waste, etc. This business was established in IHSI, and in 1,S8') was purcha.sed liy the present proprietors, who have now a large and widely extended connect iou, employment being given to some fifteen hands. Alessrs. Fr")kel Bros, buy till kinds of scraj) iron, such as cast scrap for lemelting, ajid wrought scrap, which is fe-rolled into bar iion. Hav- ing no steel works in Ontario, im- mense quantities of steel are e.\ported to the United States, esjjecially to the city of Pittsburgh ; brass and co|)per aiealso hand- led. The firm make a specially of Ijuying .old steamboats and lor.omotives, alsoohlsaw and grist nu'lls, sending men all over the country to take these apart. Cotton w/iste is an article which has only been maniifitc- tured in Canada within the last four or live years, and is largely handled by tliis lirm. It is for the purpose of cleaning and wiping machinery, and is almost e.\clusivel.\' used by railway companies for packing car bo.xcs to hold the oil which gioiises the axles. Messrs. Trankel Bros, have si)iu-,ious yards and oiHccs on George Srreet. and are at all times prepared to give the highest cash pi ices for .scrap metal of all kinds. The in- dividual members of the firm are Messrs. L. and M Frankel, geatlemen of business ability and highly popular in all circles. \ John IF. L. Fofstll', PoKTltAITPAINTEU; j .Snfi»i()-81 Ki.\(i StkktEast, ; The great antii lis patrons ; and he also received commisqons fiom Mr. McArthur, M.P., of London, Phigland, besides many others. Mr. i orster makes a spedalty of portrait painting though ho al.so undertakes other branches of the art. Amongst his works in portraiture "lay be mentioned those of Mrs. Goldwin Smith, Mr. and Mrs. Cawthra, Mr. Robt. .Iftflfray. Mr.Massey, of the Massey Manufac- turing Co., tho lute Mr. Edward Gurney itPainteu ; ST. >K is proved 'pt, and by ngs. It h&H as the l})tJi temples of lintiii}; uiid of the At- iiitil a coin- onial jioriod 1 republic of he culture of '0 artists of ured by the •Id. Pronii- /ith this in- W. L, Fors- iinter. Mr, e of 18 was •ards went us studied Jau, whose ^■iuinph of distributed Whilst in or himself, i in Paris. iriuy, wii.s o received •, M.P., of ithers. Mr. itpaintinsr (ranches of portraiture . Goldwin Mr. Robt. ' Manufac- i Guruey HEPllESENTATIVE BUSINESS MEN. lOf) ^Ir. Peter McLaren, and others, Mr. Fors- ter's Kreutost su(T.(,'ss lia.s been the product- ion of jiortriiits of .subjects not living;. Tlie list of testinioniiils lie is able to sliow attest !iis remiirkabl(! .>?kill in this direction. Mr. Forster lias a haiidsonielv Oi|uippe(l studioat ^1 KiiiK.Strcul East, wlieie iic wljl always be ))leased to receive thos<' interested in tliis branch of the fine arts. I7ir (aiKn/iaii Homes feat/ Loan uint Sarhii/s Assoriatioji, lsii>nv. Am., IHS). ;ji Ciifucii SritKioT. There is no institution iit the present day whici; has been so jn odiictivt' of good and so instruiiieiitiil in eiio;raftin!4' habits of thrift and ecoiioniy as the savings imnk-, for which thejirst (;liaiiei in iMiKland was issued in 1«1(. Any (!nterj.ri.se liavin^ for its oiiject tlie pioiiiiiln!ilion of thrift is one which slioiild lie warmly sujiported and encouraj,'ed; ami in this connection wo take ideasuie in (Irawiiif,' the attention of our numerous readers to the obju('ts and aim of the Cana- dian Homestead Loan and Savings Associa- tion. A number of gentlemen acting upon articles jiuldished in the Mnil and It orlii of IHS'i, met toj^ether in .hiiic, .July and Au^'ust of tJiat year, and in the latter moiiii, incor- jioiated tlie above A.ssocintion. which has for its object the securing of homes for its niemljers at a nominal cost \,vs month, usu- ally about equal to rent, and the encoura'^- in« of saviiiL;- and thrift. "^ The A.ssociation accumulates profits until with the monthly iiayments a |iar value of S-^'O per share is reached. The ruhvs are largely the same as those u.sed by a Phila- deli)hia .Society, now thirty-three years old, and have the latest modifications from iMiKland as well as the United Slates, where tlu-se Uuilding Socii^iies are .so common. The Directors and ollicers (witli the ex- ception of the Secretary) .^erve without com- jieiisatioii, and althoufih ihe Association Js now only two years and a half oM, it base ver ;U0 shareholders. Aiiiong their numbers aie many prominent citizens, who patronize this institution in a .savinH:s wayon account of Its .security and to set an example to their employes. The Association has made loans to ;o members wiio formerly paid rent, and tjiey have a demand for all their funds as they come in nioiith by month. No suburb- an loans have been made, and their securi- ties are first mortf-aKOs ujion imjiroved freehold estate in the centre of the city. The pirectois are taking a conservative 'course in the jircsent advance in real estate, and are not deviating from the original resolu- tion to conlino their business strictly to its primary object, namely to secure "homes." and inetabois wanting more than one have to deal with other ]iarties. These institutions gave to Philadelphia the name of ••The City of Homes,'' and to over 100,000 of her workingmen homes of their own within the last halt century, and are destined, to bo an important factor in this w hr^^M*^'''" 'VS^ ^'^veland, Cincinnati 1 J^,'tY^,Jf'' <-'J"^'iKO 100, and all similar insti- ' row T hV'^?''" Hillock President, V.'ith- \°I-f ^' ^'''^,' •^°'"' iii-«tbrook. Vice President, Fust brook Bros. : K. T. Coady, Trea.surer, Assistant City Treasurer : A. J Pattison, Secretary, M Church Street ; J. A. Bo.sv,ell, As,st Supt. Dom. Express; C. A. I B. Biovvii, " Bradst reefs " ; James G. How- I worth, Howworth & Smith ; John Forster. mei-ch.-int cor Gerrard and Parliament; n 1 ^flf,!,'' ^^- ^•- 10 Euclid ave ; Davie j Dunlon, 121 Tecuniseh Street ; Jame.; Bran- |don President Dover Court Land Co. ; A. I K. Kiclies, b. C. Kanady & Co. ; Henrv F I Perry Mgr. Nelson's Broom Factory ; Audit! lOib, John DeGruchy, (!00 King St. W. ; Geo. A Newman Cashier Dominion Express ; 'v/- ^^^^- ,^";rounJs, wliicli i.- fitted up with overy Udcossary iippliiinco for the ])roHucution of this husiiioss, wliile cniploy- niont is j^iven to over 1(J0 iiuiuls, the most sivillud nifichani(!s and phiturs beiu^; oni- ployod. Thi! products of tliis ostiiblisli- nieiit consist of all kinds of silver and olcctro-i)lat(! ware of the (inest (piality and desiy;n ; trootls arc made to order in s«lid silver, but their special lino is table ware. The whole establishment is thorou.L;lily svstemalizod ; on the first Hat are the oHiceSi rolliiij^ room, packiiifj and castiiiy; rooms ; on the second flat is tlio burnishitij; room, with the enKi'avinfj;, spinning;, burtin;^, turning and solderinj^ rooms, with a rouj.;e and buff room for cleaniiijj; ; on the the third lloor the roufjje • liuHiuj;', sand bufttnj; and wrap|)iii}j; uji is don(! and the stock kept. A )-irjj;e business is done for the undertakint; trade, the Com))any liavin;; a contract with a leading- cottin manufacturer to furnish him with S12,(X)0 worth of coHin mountings |)er annum. This is the only company in Canada that manufactures directly from the raw material, the others importing "blanks" from the. States, necessitating tiu; pay- ment of a duty of •_' i' , which is saved by the Toronto Silver Plate Co., and they can thus quote goods at jirices below those of any contemporai-y. The largest orders can bo lilled on the shortest of noi'es, and every .satisfaction is in et-eiy case guaranteed. Tiie directors of the Com- pany are VV^ H. Hcatty Es(|.. I'le.sideiit ; A. (ioodorhani, Es.|., V^ico-juesidenr ; R. 6. Goodorham, Esq., Alanager ; .T. C. Copp, Esq.. Sec-Treas. ; W. H. Partridge, Es(i., David, Walker, Esq., W. T. Kiely, Esq., VV, Thompson, Esi| . ,1. Widister, Esq., and ■ Krank Turner Esip, C. E., all geiitteiiu'ii of the highest standing in com- inerciiil circles. liroirii ftiutffirrs, Acroix r Hhok Mani- i)Ai'rruious, fjODiviiiNiiKUs, VVmoliosai.I': Sl'ATIONIOItS. AlAlvlOltS (»1' F.\Ni;V lillATII- i;u O.ioDs. Ere, (il, (Ji! and (iS Ki.sd SntiiKT East. Few departiuoiits of industrial and com- mercial acitiv^ity have attained greater perfection or ii more deserveil reputation in Toronto than that of stationery niiinu- factiiring and its kindred biaii(dies. The competition hns been great, but the result has been correspondingly satisfacitory to the general public, as a higher standard of perfection is attained, and the trade is in every way rendered iiii active one. A iiroiriinent aiul ie[>re--e;itutivc liou.se is that of M(!ssrs Brown Bros., who carry on a large and extensive biisiiies.s as stationers, account book manufacturers, bookbinders, publishers, etc. This house was established in IHKi by the father of the present proprietors, who succeoded in iK.')'. The firm occupy most snacious and (lomniodious premises on King Street East, which stretch right through to Court Street, a distance of 200 feet. The whole establisliment is systoniatically divided into various dej)artments, while over 100 hands iind employmont here. They deal in everything in the stationery line, and a full and varied stock of this class of , goods of the very best quality is always on I hand. They make a prominent specialty of I manufacturing blank books, and in this lino j tlioy have a deservedly wide and iiormanent j trade throughout the best sections of our I inercanlile community ; and among bankers, insurance coinjianies and public institutions have an unrivalled rejJMtation for snpcirior finish a'ld thorough reliability of all goods supplied. The firm also manufacture wallets, pocket books, ladies' hand satchels, iind a general line of leather stationery goods. Sjiecial attention is paid to printers' a.id bookbinders' materials, these being imported from leading manufacturers in P]uropo and the United States. The bookbinding depart- ment is complete in overy detail ; steam power is used, and all kinds and styles of iiinding promptly and efficiently executed. .•\ leading feature of this house is t'-e iinnual ('(iiKididii Diari/, as published by Messrs. Brown Bros., upwards of one hundred and fifty styles being produced each year. The members of this firm are practical and experienced in every detail of the important eiiterj)riso i-i whi(di they are engaged, and they have from the start always aimed at turning out the highest style of work, and no pains or expense have been spared to accomplish this end. ItHiH'rial Fh-e Iiisni'dtire Co., of Lon- <'in> Kitfflaml. Estammsiikd imi. Ai.i'Kioi) W. Smith, 2 Couut Stueet. In no branch of business enterprise has there been a more msirked growth than in tire insurance, there being at the present time many British. American, and home comiianies engaged in this great centre of vve.Jth and population. A vast amount of capitiil has Ijcen invested in Montreal in new buildings and improvements in the last quar- ter of a century, and in this largo aggrega- tion of c.ipital in jierishablc property the pnb- lic will sue how necessary for the i)rosperous coiitinuancse of our business interests is the first-class solid and reliable insurance com- pany. In endeavoring to bring before our numer- ous readers those comnanies wliich are of the highest po.ssible standing and reputation, the Imiierial Fire Insurance Company', of London, England, presents itself as one of the most subsrantiai fire insuranc>e com- panies here represented. It was originally incorporated by Act of Parliament in England, in IWJ, and since its foundation at that 2)eriod has obtained a liberal and permanent patronage. REPRESENTATIVE BUSINESS MEN. Ill Liccoodoil in [lacious aiul Jiifi; Stroot :hrou;^h to foot. Tlio itoiuaticdlly eiits, wliilo lioro. They ionery line, li.s clas.s of alway.s on ijiooiaity of in this lino l)OnnRnont ion.s of our n^C hiinkor.s, institutions or suporior if all iioods u re wallets, icl.s, and a lory Koods. inters' a. id If; imported 'Europe and linffdopart- ail ; steam il styles of y executed. t'e annual by Messrs. nidred and •ear. actical and important .fa^ed, and s aimed at work, and spared to ., of Loii- II Ki) i«oa Stukkt. Brpriso lias th than in he present and home t centre of amount of real in new B last quar- e aKKrej^a- ty the pi-ib- in'osperous ests is the •ance com- )ur numcr- 1 are of the eputation. inpany, of : as one of ance coin- by Act of and since obtained a It IS one of the staunchest as well as one of the oldest of the staunch old KiikHsIi coni- {.anio-s. Jtis a fire oHico only, so that its i.iiKO amount of capital and accumulated funds are available for the payment of losses i)y fire. The Imiierial has boon established in Lanada for oyer twenty years, and its re- cord for prompt and liberal adjustniont of Ios.ses is unsurpa.Hsed. Its rates are o,,uitable and as low as those offered by any other hrst-class company. ^ The Imperial lias a capital of iJT.TKIi.tlW; with assets of «H, 747 4(i7 : the general super- ntendent for Canada is E. I). Lacy, Hs(,. the resident sec'y bein- W. H. Kintonl Ks, , of iMontreal. while the interests of the com- pany are here ablv rejiresented by Alfred W "ni '' ^^?'l;, who.se otiices are on Court St' ihe reliable character of this company, as sliown by Its annual statements, (fives it an ' unquestioned footinff in the ranks of the foremost or^'anizations of the kind, while its louf.- standing is an additional reason for its i The head offices for Canada are at Mont- real, and here the Imperial have just erected a iiand.sonie buildintf, which from an archi- tectural point of view adds sreatlv to the importance of that city. In Toronto and vicinity a large business i.s done, much of this boing due to the i)ersonal enortfyandenterpriseofMr. Alfred W. Smith. iMthaiH ,V Loiif, M.ANiri'AcrijKKus or Pants Ovkuam.s, Smirrs, etc., r,7 I i£0\T St. Wkst. The manufacture of Pant.s, Overalls, hnirts, etc., is sufficiently engrossing to be interestine; to individuals as well as to the trade circles, and rightly placed as particularly prominent in this branch is the substantial firm of Mes.srs. Latham & Lowe who have been established in the city for the last five years. This liou.se occupies the whole of the extensive premi.ses, a')ft.xlCOft at ;)7 front St. West, and provides employ- ment for .some sixty hands. The specialties of manufacture are pants, overalls and shirts and, in fact, all low priced and substantial goods of this description, suitable for the ready-made clothing market. This house has fine facilities for purchasing the goods used in manufacttu-ing, and as the proprie- tors have a thorough and practical exper- ience of their business, they always have the best on hand that the market "affords Air, Latham is of English birth. Mr. Lowe being born in Canada. The firm's trade which is only wholesale, comia-i.ses an ex- tended business through the Dominion soft and ea.sy cushioned chairs and coiiclies, instead of the hard bottomed and straight back('d ones of uiir grand fat her'siimo. I'lom- Vi^'"avV ''"'"""=""-1 with this industry, is X- '• /-•,'^'°"' whose place of business" is at ^o. liO King Street West. It was in ISHH that this gentleman first commenced business here, and from a small boginiiing, he has develojied a largo and floiirishiiig trade, which is steadily growing and extending. The iHciniscs occu|iied consist of a sub- stantially built, three storey brick struc- ture LOxTO feet in dimension. The ontiro building IS devoted to the business, which (•onsists of upholstering all styles of rockers, ea.sy chains, louiigos, etc., either from de- signs furnished or tho.so jireiiared by the house, the goods used being mostly tho latest importations in coverings. All kinds of work ill this lino is done, a s|)e(ualty, ''O'cyer, being made of iihysioian's chairs. Mr. .Stott does not .online himself to ui)- holstering house furniture, but attends to all work m his line connected with chinches, lalls, hoat.s, etc., and in the.se departments lie has had some very extensive contracts. Nix comjietent and skilful workmen are given steady einnloyment, and everything is done under the iiersonal suiiervision of the proi.rietor, who is himself a inactical iip- liolstcrer. All orders are promptly attended to, and satisfaction guaranteed. My. Stott IS a Canadian by birth and a young, active and eiitei[irisiiig gentleman of high social and commercial standing. Euntrrss lloM, IV.V.) Yo.\(iio Stkkkt. R Dissktti;, PuoiMtlKTOU. IF. stott, MAXUFACTirUER or A!r K!vi)w OK Ui'iioi.sTEUY, 170 Kr\(i Stkiokt We.st. Marked improvements have been made in tho art of upholstering within the past quarter of a century, and now wo liave tho Poronto has many first-dass hotels .prom- inent among them being tho Emimuoss. I his IS one of tho more recently iiiiilt public houses of the city and was oiioned by the present proprietor in 1H88. It is suhstan- tially built of red bri.'k. is three stories liigli. and of ploiising andiitectural design It contains forty light, airy and well vonti- atPd bedrooms, two handsomely furnished ladies parlors, one sitting and reading room, a smoking: room for geiitN'men and a well appointed office. The dining room is cosy and cheerful and will comfortalilv seat sixty guests : and here is provided with a bounti- ful hand the delicacies of the .season as well as thy uiost substantial fare. The ndxiiip is all that the most fastidious could desire, and IS well served by accommodating and courteous assistants. The bar is .supplied with tlie choicest wines, liquors, ales, etc., and best brands of foremn and domestic ci inodernly constructed throughout and bas all tiio conveniences of first-class metro- 112 CITY OF TORONTO. politan liotcls ; wliih^ tti(( location, on the ))riiu;i|)al tliorouKlifain of the <',it.v. with street chi-s pasHiiiK tlio artH, inakeH it a most coiiviMiicnt stopiiiiiH l)lac.o for travollurs ami visitors. Mr. H. lJiss(^tt(', tlu! proprietor, is a Oinadiuii li\- birth, a k<"i''i1 K''"tl'""an, has liad moiv t}iaii fifte(>ii years of [iractical hotel e.xpcri- cnco anil is a most [lopular host. //. a; V. Itfarhf'oi-fl, M.\.\i rAcriiiKKK A.\I> I.MI'OKTKUS OF E.NIIMSII, FkkNCII AND A.MKIIICA.N Hocrrs ANK SlIOKS. K7 ANU HI) KlN(( Stukiot Ea.st. The manufacttire of hoots and shoes is one of the ol(l(!st iii(liistri(;s of the worlil. As is seen from paintin^is on the walls of Tliehes. slioemakin;; formed a distinct trade in the roign of Tiiotlimcs 111, HI).') li. C, or about the period of tli{!ili}j;htof the Israelites. St. (-^'risjiin u'll .'lis brotiier (^i-isp- inian haveloiiu; l)oen regarded as tlie patron saints of those enKaj,'ed in this piii'siiit. Ac- , ., T, covdinji to le- Rencl those lioman saints, liaviii" be- come converts to Christianity, travelled throuKli France and Britain to propoL-ate the faith, supporting them.solves bv niak ing shoes, wliich they sold at a verv low price to the poor, the legend being tliat an angol supplied them witli leather. One of our best known business houses in Toronto is that of Messrs. H. * C. Blach- ford. manufacturers and importers of En--- Iiah, Jrench and American hoots and shoe" This bu.siness was established over a (luar- ter of a century ago. and bv well directed energy and enterprise has attained its pre- sent oxten.sive proportions. The firm have sj)acious premises at 87 and 8i) Kiii" Street East, where they supply the reciuirements of the best and most fashionable trade in the city. Afes.srs. H. & C. Blachford manu facture all kinds and styles of boots and shoos, and give special attention to cus- tom work. In .1. & T. Cousins, Baldwin it Liunkir , Edwin C. Biirk A Co.. etc,; iind I he very be ' (|iiiil ity of gciirliMiieii's wear froii, lliuilli- iuviiy. Soulc it in sums to suit lenders ; a liberal interest is paid on all moneys received on dejjosit. Money is also advanced on real 'troperty at current rates of interest, with favorable terms of re-pay- inent. The company is authorized to bor- row ••>! 1,200, COO, and the value of freehold es- tate now mortgaged to tlie company is close on •• ('r.\- lie t roll. Iluiitli- < wrll jis the lufiict iircM'i's. I llicy liiivi' MIIKIIIIS. tinii oils will CVt'l' Utrcstnivtit iniitiil), H. J-)i!n:(roi!, commercial must K'vf II tiiomoiioy- iind aliility form an im- t'omiiiercial !io tlioir iii- ;tion of tlicnr idex to tlio Is. A:noiij;st joan and In- 1 tiiiios proli- s incoipora- ;o tlien lins ; wiiUo tlio ts maiuif^o- l and solid has an aii- >vhich *(ia7,- aservo fund ivcs money suns deben- ims to suit liaid on all iiioy is also iriont rales is of re-pay- zcd to bor- freoliold es- any is (doso oes a large inco and, in ic in Bran- bitter ostab- )f this com- i BoarJ of Alexander lident ; Dr. id Me.ssrs. D. R. Wil- tiand. The ro ably per- iian, who is alters. eland, but life in thi.s o American Iso practic- HEPJIRSENTATIVI.: JM' .s I x f.; «« jyiB N. 113 M'^it Wk.j.z.voto.n' ani> .Sc.'t Nnu-lii'I's. Tliero is no individuulinlere.st i hat has a .o'':;..'''''\T'''''^ i,e:.rin;; on the advaur an P o,ne,.s of ourcoimneirial centres than tha one insurance, for without the p. "c tlius offered, business would be , , u co trafvestandst.il. No .sensible pe son n esc days ,,u<;stions the desiral ilitv - b?an,ts.'""""^^~°f '"«•"-'-• '" -^ i" Wo have ill Toronto a lar-,. ..uniber of companies [who.se present Ma, .„" ' whose past records entitle then, o To f , - est confidence of the general pulli.' '„ on ' them IS one specially ciuiil'ed to fa o able notice asboinj; a t.^amulian (Joinp.niv , 1 one of the firs, of the ^reat linan'c jn i- tions now incorj.orate.l here. The W, 's e rn A-«s\!r:inc.o Cnsni.imv li-.« lia ! '> •••I"nii iM.s iiait an uninter- i.ipted career ol |,rospority during its thirtv- nine yea.vsof exisien.'e. and stan7ls t. - ■ ■' •! repre.sontatiye exponent of caref a d eon' servatiye niana.i;ement an.l honoural le dt" - ini? which alone ensure permanen s,,. 'ess Tlii.s Company was incorpornred bv sne- ;' ;;'-nterin 18r,l. j^rantin'g it permissi'^n \V i .1 ;" " """•'"'■ ■■^'"1 life business \Vhile,l,e Company have actively en™l HV and and marine insurance. The ."havi Hv incre.-i.se 1 its volume of assets, reserve for re-msurance. and net surplu.s. ' '"'''' ^1 ono (vr^?^ '•'« 'I .subscribed capital of .-.LiKMNX . I iio Western has agencies in all -..a,H.t,:eli^i^j:f^^;:;-;-rt^!^f^;;;- o ein^'mT' ^'^/"-"••"'Ke business, al^o ocea and inlan.l marine insurance TIia HI. ;l.n«- owned by them is one o he finest tnu'tun .'it^H^' "" '"^"'^f"''' four .storey stiuctuie at the corner of Scott and Wei- 114 r IT Y () r TO U ONTO. u>.. li. ^tuii sirt'etM cn-ctnl iit ii cost of ovor *.,(i/4ii The Bdiinl of DiifctoiH icinpiiHi- >oiii( "t iiur U's» known InisiiicMs nii ii, boiiin •■« follows : A. M "<| ^'ic,t>-l*n'siiliMit ; Hon. S.C Wood, U..l„ ! i ,i\ . Ksii. A. T. Fnlion, Kmi|., H. It. IJiiiiii, Kmi|.. *i('orj;i. McMmiJcii, Kh,,,. VV. 1{. Hroc-k. Ks.| , and .1. .1. Kenny. J-. 1. MiiniiKiiiU Dircc iijr. To tlii' iihlf miiii- aK< iiU'ut of iIk last-uiinu'tl nuniicinan niiuii of the succt'HH o"* the c()ini)uiiy ih duo, /•'. Is'. IHj-oii a <"«., Ma.m'facti iticks ur .SiAit Rivi;t I,i;atiiku l!Ki.Ti.\(i. |)i:ai,- |;|{S I.V UCIIIIKU ANK {'oTItlN liKI.I I.N(J, 70 KiN(i Stukkt Kasi'. An old i'staldiKli('(l ami ini|Joi'tani lui'^incs.s ent('i-|iii.si' heif, is the leal her lii'ltinj; manu- facKiiy of Messrs. . F, H. Di.von & Co., on I\inK '"^'iL't'l !''"«'• This was liisi started in IH7l'. iindt'i- till' liini of l);xon, Smnli A Co., who inn il for fonr years, when Mr. Sniiili i(!tiied and llie |iiesenr liini has sinio car- ried il on. The? preniises oecnpied, consisi of a sniistanliall.v liuilt four store.v hriek ^Jllildin^,^ :is,\l.'t.'( feet in dinien.sion and v.\- tendin;; from Kin^' lo Court Streets. The.se are (onvenieiiily titled up with the latest inipro\('d and all neces.sary ma* made. The coin|)any make a s|)ecialt\- of lai.Lce double driving belts, some of wiiich jiave been doinn steady work evei.v season for the last fourteen jcars in one of the lar>;est sawmills on f ho Ottawa river iind are still in j^ood condition: while otheis iiave been in constant use in various fac- tories in this city from seven to se\enteeii years, and art' aiijiarcntly j;ood foi' soveial \ears to come. I'he.se goods are sold in all parts of the Dominion, a vcr.v larue trade lu'iii^ (lone, and three travellers beiiij,' con- stiintly employed in visiting the ditferent sections. Twelve conqietent and skilleil workmen are given steady cmpl(,yme h while in the Iniilding where tlie.se goohia, in ISi't!. Mr. Dixon i;, a. Toronto liny Hii'l has livod heie .'sH lii.-; life. Ho is an active and enterprising gen- tleman I' .d takes a deep interest in military ' matte. ^ .lul those things whiidi pertain to the iniiiria of the country, and was for sev- years major in the " (^neyn's Own." HIvhanI Mai'n/tatf, (i \itr>KM;it ani» ri.ORIHT. .iM ClIAIM.KS SrUKKT. A thorouKhly practiiuil man, no miittor what his profession or lnisinnss, will always make a .success of that business : sucdi a person i.^ Kichiird .Marshall, (iiirdener and Florist III No. iiH Charles .Street. Fleven .\cars ago .Mr. Alexainh'r MiMrns establislie!!» Wellisley Stieel. The venture proved ii Mticcess, and the business increased evcr.^' year. 'I'wo years ago Mr. Mearns sold out hi.s business to .Mr. Marshall.t he present pro- prietor, wko moved it-to its pij^seni location. The greenhouses, live in iiumlier, ^ne fitted up with themoilern conveniiMices lor lieat- ing, some \ery recent inifM ov( inenl> ii;i\ing been made in this diieclioii throii;4;li putting in a new boiler, (^tc. The hon.ses are we!l stocked an! Hlled with flowers of all desciipt ions and kinds : roses, lilies, carnations '• ,is, pinks, geraniums, chr.Nsanthemiim.-, and an endless variety of hot and greenhouse plants cover \]n' H'oors and tables. •Mr. Marshall is a nractical gardener a.s i well as florist, having liaf lieailh, the plumbing trade occupies a I>'-itioiiin the front laiik of modern im- , provoM.ents and lias become an absoiuto iec(>,-;i!y in this 1 :|i .rianageof (irogrcss. .i. \<., i-Iaiown anu j.iominenl liousiM'iigagod ai this trade is that of .Mr. ,Johii liitcliierof <> I Adelaide .Street East, which was eslab- lislied by the |)re.seiit pro|irii!tors in 1,S;')7, ainl since its inception, at that dale, has ob- tained a liberal patronage from j)roi)ertv owners and contractors. The pronii.ses occii- pied are large and commodious, l>.').\li;o feet ill diniensions, and aro stocked with a com- plete Ms-;o!-i -.r.-'-nt of i'luinberV.r^team and ga.- littor's supplies. Everything in the wav of jjlumbiug. ventilating, steam and gas-fitt- ing is executed, contracts aro entered into and the complete fitting ujt of buildings of u,ll kinds is satisfactorily accomplished. In IKNKK KT. AND , 11(1 miitim' , will alwii.vs I'rts : .sufli II. iii'iloiii.'i' mid lllll'l' MiMI'IIS lllilll MI'llll' III lire |)i(pvt!tl It it'iisi'il cvt'ry iiiM Hold out ' iufHt^iit |iro- oiit loriitioii, it'i', iiic (it ted ■,('.s tor lii'iit- leiltS ll,l\ illjf 'iijjh imtiiui; ! Hllpd with iiids : roxe.s, Ht'iuiiiiiins, s variety of Ji' tlid tloors !:;ai'(k'iifi' a.s i^I'iikI. some ISOS, iloWLMS Ity of dcfor- i and plants id is coiisid- ■i ill the i'il,\-. ist olalioriito iiy:e, and to IK'ivi.sion. Ill by liirth, .'■ past four fii'iitlciiian, out; flowois u in aiian^;- ii'ivici's of a i affor tlioir jt do belt LT ■.Miii;u, (h\H Ai)i:i,.\iuK pi'oiiioi ion occupies ii iiodcin ini- 111 ahsoluto if progress!. is(> ciij^'uiicd liitcliio, of was I'si a Il- ls in l,S;'i7, iln, lias oli- II ])ropoiiy iiiiscs occu- i.'>xl-'0 feet itli a conj- ui itiul gac:.- lie way of id gas-fitt- itered into uildin}>;s of ished. In KEPRESENTATIVE BUSINESS MEN lis muii' uy pliimbinjc, th« UK vi.Iii of the lious. , haviuK heon cn- gURi . in it the whoii' of his life ; he wnploys an avoraue of lV. hands and «uaran- tccH all work to ho coii.scientiously a/i I otli- «• onfly porfonn d. Mr. Ritchie isa„aUvc ol Scotland and is possessed of that sterliiiK spirit of eiK-ii^y and intcRrity so peculiar to : lie sons of the "land o' cake.M." I'ers.inallv lie IS lii^'hly esteemed and respected ai'd liiisi- ness relations entered into with him will be found both pleasani. and prolitable. (JtO. h lUlhl .(• Co., M A.NIKAI rtUKllS OK MaNTKLS, iWNlAdAKA SrUIilOT. The decorative wood mantel and oyer iniintel, m the shapes now used, is a fashion of late years which has spivad very widely, mill tiie maiiiifac^iure of these ;;oo(rs has b"c- wnie a distinct branch of industiy. ft is also a deiiartment of decorative art,' and Mie taste disjilayed in the selection of rare a ,d liamlsome woods, as well as the boautv r many of the more recent desiL'iis is siicii ^ -, tooxciio the admiration of all. To none s V>'"'i ■ Il'I'V '"^"'"' lo'owii than to Goo. J. ihehl & Co. Kl Niat,-ara Street. 'i'lijs linn was established in .hily 1H« for the manufacture of art wood-i'iiatitel over-mantels, etc. Shortly after be.'in- niiiK business the tirm bejran to deal v"orv oxieiisively also in the niaiuifacture of niiiii'- telsandtlievnoweini loy twenty men, a very rapid (leyelopment ,.f business during,- one year. Of conr.se the extensive t lade wbicb the employment of so many worliiiien indi- cates was not acquired simply becau.se of a KrowiiiK demand for the articles manu- factured. Sunerior workmanship, yood honest material, and conscientious iierfoiin- anco of all contracts undertaken, has had more to do witli the lirin's suc.ess than anything else. For both decorative and useful purpo.ses tiles were extensively employed in ancient i as well as in modern times. In these days they are not .so widely used in the homes 'of tlio iieople, and only in the mansions of tlie wealthy is there a libcu'al demand for them' Hui a taste for the beautiful, which is i^row- intr every day, finds one form of exprelssion in the use of tiles for the tioorinw of j.ublic buiidin^s, and in a ^leat majority of the laiw .structures erected in more recent voars they will be met witli. Even in the less pretentious class of dwellin-s a desire for the comfortable Hreplace, with its hand- some mantel and surrounding of tiles is manifesting it.self. and rarely is a buiklinLr novy erected whicl. is not i>rnvii]c.'] vvith useful and decorative Ki'ates and mantels As dealers in grates Messrs. Diehl »: S'lUEET Eaht, Cou. Viciouia Prr.miB^ntly connected with the Hook bind UK industry in Toronto, is Mr. (Jeoruo 1. Nfowanl. who.se place of bu.tine.ss is o„ Adelaide .Street, at tho cnrnor of Vi.'toria. I ho ,/ c'ejifion ,,f their enterprise date.s imck some SIX years.when it was lirst started under the firm of Carson ft Steward, who coined It on tdl thodei • .f Mr. Carson in >^H. since which time il.c | resent j.ropriutor has continued it alone. Th« premises occupied an IOx."il) foot in dimensions, and suitably i, -.,{ „p and tiiliy c'luipped with ;*ll modern t ilities and convenience, for sue, cssfnlly ,.,on, tintr tho business to which they a,- devoi I, which consists in bookbindin'u' ar ' all styles and kinds of : letter press binding Libr:. and oHice 'ables ot. hordi these dilTcraiit hi. icbos u done, orders coming from al tianufiicturin '1 lU ■s arer.-pairod, ' in gold. In .«■«« ti.tdo is i parts . •■ tho ;» ,1 , >^ ...... ...1 )/ merintonds all the (I tails of his r 1 -10 larne trade alread y built up b. )i aiantee of the satisfaction iriven nurs. "ivi-n by 1 coin|M>- Ih, :U1 i aci,ye iractical irs (>x- iially riiri.se. !ii is a usto- Hifthim Toxvi; H,,,,, I'i.stku, 110 •^ ■■■ ANl. 22 NOUTII MtlTirAI, St. V(KII) ant i: and tion \ Willii iiearlj onto ii busine He o' city, an theatric tisement does liis h is price dutiesof the Hill F'oster are imjioi d rei|uire the .services of compete reful men. Well-known in coune,- tli Uus bu.siness in Toronto, is Mr 1 To/er, who was born in EiiKland "'vei't.v years ago and came to Tor- IHiO, wheio he at once entered tho which he still follows. ' .'IS bill boards in all parts of the posts notices of meetings, by-laws, 1 performances, circu.sses, advoi- ■■ etr., on the shortest notice ; and vork thorouKhlv and weli. while are modorate. When )io first custoin. and already ill the 1 u^iuess workl. comiiienc. il business the reiiuirements of tlie oity 111 th ^ line were limited, but with the growth of .opulation his business has grown correspond ugly, and he now employs a miinber of :,en to assist liim. He has been lOilownigr ;.s oniei]-rise so long that he is known all . rer the city and is considered one of the .uost careful bill posters H's woik IS don, in the best possible manner and he receives a fair share of t ho public patronage. »■■ A- 11(5 CITY OF TORONTO. littlamrs Mnsiv Stoi-r, Impohtkhs and .loiiiiious oi' SiiKKT Music, MrsicAi. 1n- HTIUIMICNTS. ANI)1'|,AY B(M)K.S. Ihis IS 0110 of tho oldcHt music Htoros in tlio city, (latiii^f tho (•oiimii'iict'moiit of its Ijiiainoss back to I lio vi'iir !«:•(;, wlicn it was Hist Htarted by Mr. Jl. f{. Biiilnnd. and at a tiiTio wbcn tboi'o was but ono oilier store of tbi) kiiKl ill Toronto. Mr. Hutlaiid <'oii(lii(i- od It until bis doatb in iHHIi, .sinco which tiiuohis widow has carried it on, ablv assist- ('e found tlier(> is very full and coniiilete. and in all lines, in- oludes sheet music, band inslrumenis violins, t,niitar.s banjo's llutos, cornels, con- cortiiiiis. H('cordioiis, etc., all of which are of l)Osl (pialily and havirifi' been boii^lit in larpMiuan- tilios, aro sold at very mod(>i at o prices. A fullliiie of Frenches and lJ(!Witl's )ilay Imoks, for prival'o theatricals aro kept, this hein;;' tho only liouse in Canada ■which deals in tliese works. All Koods are .sold at both wholesale and retail, tho trade doiiu ex- tendiiiif not only to all parts of tlie city, but also to other cities and .smaller towns of thp Domi- nion. Mrs, Butland's thorough knowledge of the businoss vu- ablos her to cater very successfullv to the larjie trade wliich enterprise and energy have built up, and the establishment is .^ the favorite resort ofall music lovers in inc oity. CatalojAuos aro furnished on aiipli- catioii. The liniH'fial Loan ant/ Inrcstnu'itt Contpanfi of Ctniatlu (IJinitrtf). i; H. Kkuti.am), Manaoini! Diukctok, ;10 AUKIiAlDE SrUKKT EasT. Any attempt to review the commercia! nntevpnyo? of anj- given centre must ^{i\o a pasition of the first importance to tho iiionev- Gd institutions. The success and ability dhsplayed in their inanngement form an ini- ' portant fi^ctor in oHtimatinB the commercial siaiidin^,' of the community whore iheir in- llu(!nco is foil, and a clo.se inspection of their resources alTords a valualile index to the coiidilioii of all business inlerosts. AmouLcst sucii institutions the Imperial Loan and In- vest ment Co. of Oamula (limited) takes pro L- iiieni rank. This company was incorpora- ted 111 bS'.l), and ils history since then has lieeii one of steady advaiiceinent ; while the conservalivo policy adopted in its mana.-e- ine.it li^is placed it on a .sound and soTid fiiiaiiciiil basis. Tho company has an au- llion/.ed capital of .•::;|, ()(!().( )(J(l, of wlii(di $i','>l - of .^Ib.,!!!,!). Tho company receives nionov for investment, for which il issues debeii- liiies, which are made oui in sums lo suit lemlers ; a lilieral inieiesi is paid on all moneys re, eived on deposit. iMoney is al.so adyaiHcd on real .-iroperly at current rales of iiileresi, with favciJible lernis of le-iiay- meni. 1 li,> (umipany is aulhorized to bor- row .'sl,::0(),(;()O, and the value of freehold es- tate now moit«:,i-ed to the coinpanv is (dose on *;{,.IH),(;t)0 The company does a lamo business m all parls of the Province and in l.s,v. itopened upabran.di hou.so in iiriin- doii, Maiiiioba. NothiiiK can better estab- hsli iheslanduiK ••tn.l .solidiiy of this com- l>aiiy than ihe /^rr.ssnml of its Hoar.l of i)ii(>clors, which includ.'s Sir Ale.xander Cjimpbell. K ('. M. (!., as IVsident ; Dr. Ihoiburn, \ico-l resident; and Mo.s.srs. DaiiKd Lamb. Huh'd S. Wood, I). R Wil- kie, f. y. Daltonaiid K. H. Kertland. The responsible diit_ies of Manager aro ably pei- fonn.'d by the last named f-entleman, who is ihoiouKhly versed in financial matters Dr. Iverlland isanalive of Ireland, but las spent iIh> ^.rcater part of his life in this country ; ho was a surgeon in tho American Aiiny during' the war, and has al.so practic- ed his lu'ofession in Canada. liauff Itros 'VomNTu Gai.vanizki, Iuon , (ultMClO WoUKS. MA.Nn.'A,;TUUE,S Ui- (.AI.yANI/.|.:i) IliON SKVI.KillTS, COI'I-KR I AMI (,AI.VA\l/,l.;i) luo.V COUMCICS, Wl,\- IM.W (Al'S (,F KVKKV DiO.scuiPTION. !;0 A.M) !t> Lo.mhakii Sr., Toko.sto. I 111 'iKTowiuK city like Toronto, where so i many hue and lirst-cla.ss buildings aro beintr ! erected, the work of the coriiico maker is ail , important oii.>, and Uviv, as oLsowhere, many loadiny: firms and individuals are eiWod in It, A prouuneni firm onua^ed in this onteiprise in ihis city is that of Messrs Hand Hros wlio.se establishment is o."i Lombard htreet. These Kontlomen first commenced b.isiness here for ihem.selvos in tho early imrt of IKS'I, hm f„,. „„inv years previous to thai they had worked at their Imsinos.s, and since siartin^j ],ave biilt up' a .arKeaiid prosiierous Hude, which issmn.iii v iuvioasiMK arip o.Ktendin^f. They manu- lacture KU'vanized iron cornices, sky limits ami window caj.s of every descriiition, from designs furnished by the urchitocts and build- UEPRlCSENTATlVr.: JiCsiNESS ) comniorcial Jio llioir iii- •tion of their lulex to tlio ts. Ainoiiirst jOiiii uiul In- ) tiikoH proL- s iiicorponi- '0 llioii 1ms ; while the iiH iniiiiaK<>- il luid solid iiJis nil lui- \vlii(di $(;l'7,- osorvo fiiiul 'i\'i'H nioiioy xiicH (iohoii- iiiis (o suit I'liiil on all >iH'.v i.s also iiiunt rales IS of io-])ay- /•I'll to boi- fii'ehohl es- any is close oes a larfi;e inc-e and, in <»■ ill liran- 'tfer ostuli- if this eoiu- i Hoar.l of Alexaiidei' !i"™^'t '^'"l not onl ,u k ij well. I his style of cornice has of laie years econie very popular, beiuf; much iH -r e^Jliabkiroh'"''''^^"''.^'"'','.''''-^ -"' ■'""'•' while It isenualiy attractive and fullv as losirablo Amoi.K Hi.' huiidinKs which hi -c been htted o„t by this (irni mav^.e m ' tio e '^t. Alattiiew's Church >.''iIIm., nl,^.l )uudas Street ,l.e;hil; t''a^Kxl,ih^'' - .. «.-.^i.ds. Poison Iron Works and nay the s, while some Kood work hi.s be.-n done > hem ,„().. awa. Hmployme,., is^i ', o twelve competent workmen. The indi '/. A'. Mdff/mcfi. .Mwi AwMNds, Tkms, Krc Sr. W'kst, ToiioNTo. iwcri i£i;r( Or II KiMJ S. Thh, SriiKKT, tl- Sott, Fi.ouisr.s, Telej)hoiie KiHl. KU VoNdi. n ssofth!/.! ^'''y "f.'">-o-"o. thi.t thebnsi- les.s of the florist hasm recent years incrcis- Ha°ea;i;rr"°"''*'T^^'"^*'"^'^"^"''i^' n ' : -^ ''"'"" "' °"'' '"'^f lousiness fi" /Vc, "'""'"f 'iinoiiK' these .Messrs .S I i.ly &Son. of KM Yon^e sl.ivel, whose are. m houses, ten in ni.nib.M-, are at 177 i.h I' (1 Ontario stroot and 4!»1 Hleek..r.Street Messrs. Tidy & Son have been en^ ,t;ed in this biLsiness for the past fourteeir veari p.« Iv of Whatever trad,> is «oin«. Las u- - tei' lu'v furnished La.ly Stankn" with 1 ov- ers to decorate her parlors. Soiii.. e -s r, t.ey supplied the Princess I, „•;,";.' f," tloewrs, aiul afterwards decorate he c, which ,.o,iyeye.l Lonl Lansdowne fr, , To 1-0,1 o to Montreal, when on bis wa^■ to Ei^"- 1 laml l.poa this occasion the same (im also furnished a larj^e flower ece o dec. ute his stateroom whileon sln'pboard idy & Son make asp,.ciaity of cntijewers an. decoratniM:, theii tlmroiiKh kn(,wledi.e ' of the busMiess ami ^oo.l ju.ltMuci , r i nuiRiiiK. enabling them t., lu n 1 ,w a d ' elaborate .lesiKUs ami ..mbi.-ms forwe, l.li n ' .•■oncort an, other occasi.,iis. Wlu'n..v, H" liave e.xliil.ito,lut fairs, they ha\e v . •; , i' tak.-n first prizes for .1.- ' .'.j "^^'' '"^ ''nablN , '.'"'"lamif.ictuivof tcnisami awnin..s is I "in.|K,r,ant nd,,s,ryMml,m.Hhat sht'l l .N .■ipprccahvlbyihc community at h S- ('o.me.'.e.l w,ih,his industry in Toronto, 1^ .Ml; .1. K. .Malihews, wlmse establisb- ""•■II IS at \o. II Kiu,i,St,vet \\ est T] s ,«:<'iillcmaii (Irsi comm,.nc.-,l business on his owiia.vonnt in ISS!). |,„t lor lour y.'ars pre- vioiis to that he ha.l fol- liiwi'.l tlii> same calling. He "iiauiifa.tuivs all kiiels .)f siirvi'voi's, wall, scpiar.'. family, mililary, loini.l,' .\. lumbcnnan's, E;;yp| jan, ,U a r.l .■ M. I'lioloorapber's and oili.M- Iciiis. painic.l window sha.les. boi li plain am! oniamcnttil, as w.'ll as all styles of awnings. Ills woik is s.HMiin all parts .)f 111.' .'ity, while many or- il.'i's .om.' honi lb.' cdiintiv, his j.,'o.)(|s 'b.'in.- sent I.) many of tli.- small towns .)f the Pr."- vin.'c. In maiiufaiinrinji' his yoods i\Ir. Mat- tli.'ws uses only I hi' best malerial. and UUaianl.M's sat isfaci i.ui in all casi's. T|it> suljjivt .)f Ibis sk.iii'b was born in Eiij,-lanil ■■iml has lived in ('ana. la for the past twenty years. He is a pleasant ami entertaining !,'<'iill.'maii. and .-njoys a w.'ll-.'arn.Ml iv|)ii- tatioii as a business man. t*>'-<''S. MtLriui. [l..n.S., D.D.S) )io\risT, Ori'ic,.: i>77 (i|.;iii{.Mu, Stuiokt I'-i.isr, Tomi.Ni'o. ran memher o nu tlnur .t.\hibits. .Mr. Ti.h hirtl tlei f tl i(^ fi 1. as is also hi th arialil. ! in ;!)- .' sciii.ir !'ii> IS an KuKlishmun hs 'f* s.ui ; iiml botl I hereare perhaps, no biiman ailmentsmorc disMvssiiiK' tiian Ih.ise arising.- from d.-fec- tiviM.'etb, an.l th.ise who devote their timo iiml attention to this braii.'h of siirficry nro worthy of all due re.'.iuiiit ion. Prom'im^nt iinioim: tbo,s(> so eiioancd, is Dr, ('. S. M.'- ^ Li'aii. wh.) has w.dl appoint.^.l an.l hand- I som.'ly liirnishi'.l otlices on tierrard Street I Ivist. This i;en(lemiui is a nativ.' ("ana.lian lirsi seeino- ,)„, n^i,, „, H,.o,dcvill... Ho siii.iic.l i.Miiisiry in his native town and I then iiraduale.l at ih." Royal .(.Hereof Den- 1 tal Surgeons in this .•ity, re.'eiyiuK tli.ire the deoroe L.D.S. He afi.Mwar.l atten.led the I lor..nt.) I'niv.M'siiy, wb.Mv he re.'cive.l ih<^ ja.l.liiioiial .le^re.' D.D.S. He performs all kinds of dental work in the most ai^jirove.! inann.'r, his specialty, however, b.'iiii; the preseivaiion of the nalural teeth ; an.l al- IIioukIi he has been practising- less than ft ,\Tar, iilrea.lv has a line business, his pati- ents rniimij; fidiii among: the best an.l most iiillilential famiJi with the most His otlices 1 appl are replete appr.)ye.l appliances for .loin. men of refined taste and hiKh'''soHai '"'V'V'-''''', ?''''''' '^"'' '"' •^•'''i'« tlioiougl indinu- '"h" sonai Doste.l m n >.<.,.. .„.,.i.„.i.. . i. ..'^. stand ng poste.l in all new methods 1 is classed ily As a dentist ho on ' .)f the best in thi- oily, 118 CITY OF TOEONTO. Smith lUos., CAuniAfiR anm) Waooon WouKs, 17.'J-17!)Dt'Ki.; Stiuokt. Ono of the oldoat ostatilislied can-iii^c and wagon making cstalilislnncnts wliiili has boon continuously carriod on in tliis citv sinoo its first inception, is tliat of Sniitli Bros, on Duko Street. Their l)usiness was first started in IKIM, by ^U-. William .Smith. who li«d ])r(>viously spent seven yi'ars on tins same street learning his trade. Sliortlv after thi,s Mr. Smith went to Bowmanvi whore he spent two years, and returning? this city bought the i)roi)erty where le. to ills shops are located, erected the buildings and commenced the business, continuini? it till IHSIi. During this year. Mr. Smith retired from active business life, and his two sons, who had, from their 3-onth, been accustomed to wood working?,. took control of the enter- prise and have since conducted it. The prem- ises occupied have a frontage on Duke Street of '>2.') feet, and a deptli of !;0 feet, and Adelaide f-'trcet and in no way can large or small sums of money be better ap]ilied to .secure sure anil l)roductive returns than in the raj)idly ad- vancing realty of this great centre of trade of Western Canada. Prominent among those who take an active jinrt in {iromotiiig the interests of the city in this direction and who have built uji an extensive and i)ermanent connection witli ))roperty-owners, is Mr. Thomas E. Washington, Jieal Estate dealer of ;;«A \'ic- toria Street. Mr. Wasliington was born in Darlington Township, Durham Coun'y, ami received his education at the University at Cobourg. After leaving that institution he devoted his eneigies to farming, in his native county, in wliicli j)ursuit ho was eminently successful and prosperous. In 1H,S !. lie (letermined to give uji fanning and remove to Toronto, in order to give his chil- dren tliC lienefit of the superior educational facilities whicli the city affords. After com- ing to the city he decided to adopt the busi- ness of real estate brokerage, and sjient sev- eral months in one of the most i)rominent city real estate offices, acquainting himself with locations and land values, and study- ing tlio thousand and one matters necessary for a successful itcaier to understand. After gaining a tliorcuv;; knowledge of his busi- ness he established an office of his own on but later moved to hisjires- of tliis, ])erha])s three-fourths is covered witli ent location. As a broker in real estate, Mr. buildings. Tlie.se are enuijiped with all Washington jiossesses an intimate know- necessary machinery and appliances for con- ledge of the merits of the various residential ducting the business. A fifteen hor.se power antl business sections of the city, and his engine is used to drive the machinery, and opinion in such matters is sought for and twenty-five skilled mechanics are given j held in high esteem by conservative inves- I tors, wlio have had occasion many times tn I attribute to his superior judgment and cor- . roct estimates tlie profits accruing to them from lucrative investments. His success ; from the first has been most gratifying to himself and his friends, and his great ex- perience in his chosen profession lias brouglit him much business, and lias caused liis ser- vices as an ex])ert to be in much demand. In addition to otlier branches of business he negotiates loans on mortgages (making a speciality of builders' loans.) arranges in- surances, etc., and in every department in his line possesses superior facilities and connections. Mr. Washington has always conducted his business in such a way as to retain as a client every person jilacing business with him, and relations once established with him are certain to be both pleasant and pro- fitable. Personally his affaliility and social standing justify the high regard in which he is held. steady employment. All kinds of carriat'es, buggies and waggons are built, particular attention being given to repairing, re-paint- ingand trimming, w^hile a specialty is made of fire ai)paratus, these gentlemeii making all the hose carts, hook and ladder trucks etc., that are used by the Toronto Fire De- partment, They also make the heavy lor- ries, vans and other wagons used by W. K. Colville, the lioso Cartage Co., Dominion Brewery, etc. They have also supplied sev- eral hook and ladder trucks, and hose cuts for outside towns. A very extensive busi- ness is carried on, the firm having orders far ahead of their ability to complete them. In all work done by them, only the best sea- soned wood and the most carefully selected iron and steel are used, tlius ensuring satis- faction to all who use goods turned out in their factory. The individual members of tlie firm are Fred. W. and Sid. Smith, Canadians by birth, active and enterprising gentlemen and jirac- I tical carriage builders, who look closely after all the details of their extensive establish- ment. _« • Ftv 9f " -^rr t rf jfi '.'fr ^ tir..-\I. IjhT.'VTl'^ AND Inhukance AciKNT, 28^ V'rcToiUA St. resent the chief field of financial in I'estiuent At the Oiiftirio (id/rtiinscd Iron «( Coftixr U'oi-hs. Alukut B. Oumsdv. 12() Qcke.n Stuket East' Toronto. Telepiiom , 72;i. This is a leading enterprise in Toronto ind although it date.s its lieginniiig oiilv so commercial metropolis of ; far back as the early part of IWK it "l,,.. Canada is umiuestionably city real estate : , already taken the front rank among the many in city, and business, proiuises four store x.'JH feet up for t] which it bra.ss, aiu cornices, wiiilo a s cornices, these var. trade is d eighteen s Mr. Orii law"s imi Tropic an I'ccjogiiized very exteii tured at 1 niarket vvl niaiid for Ormsby is and eiilerji iron and c( lieriiiteiids and guarai T/tr.trf^ T.)i{O.VT< This hoii cently as li jiositiou in i wholesale a business ho resjieoiive ] gator may e influence t cases locatic for the jircft courteous tr( attractive fc vioiisly the are reliable f Art Mi'tropo coiiimeiiilatn We have i ily that the tends to all I'riiiio lOdw and with no resolved to a; popularity as lioii.ses. Our to us reas,)iis f'lr the|ireseii lead us to pre in this count I We hold th this kind, wl just what the art in selling meii.sely siroi and it is in th especially str knowledge of reliable markt als-they ha\ a spirit of en small sums of '('.lire siiro mill tlic iii])iclly ad- :cntie of trade who take an interests of tlio have built uji nt connectioa Ir. Thomas E. iler of iW Vie- on was liorn in ni Coun'y, ati'l University at t institution he niiiiK, in his ursiiit ho was losperous. In iji i'ariniiif,' and iiive his cliil- or educational ds. After roni- idont the busi- and sjieiit sov- ost pi'oininont intin^' himself ;s, and study- ters necessary ii'Stand. After e of his busi- f his own on cd to his jires- ■eal estate, Mr. timate know- ous residential city, and his ionf::lit for and irvative iiives- luany times to ;ment and cor- ;ruing to them His success ^'ratifyin; l''^;tl"7radenf ,|„^slHM,.sea]rea . ?^. ends to all pa.-ts of the Itominion from l'''.Ke Edward Island to Uritish Co ,„ bi' •Hid wi h no small de,^M-ee of curio. "vJ resolve, to ascertain the eaus.s for so much popularity as a.^ainst older yet h's.s ia o w loiLses. ( )t,r HI vesti^ations at once re vea e o u.s reasons suiiicient, not onlv to acn n for he present popularity of thi.; liouse.b t „ ad us to predict for it the formost pos on ait Ills counry, m artist's supplies. ' Mm I' ^'"'." '■''•'''' "'"f '■" '' lousiness of t wi"'*; ,r'"''''^ '""^'" ^^'"' .lea lers know ju.stwhatlu.y reptile, there is „o sneciil art in sellin,^^ «oods, but that tlu.re is aim mensely siroui, j.oint in buying them • . and It IS in this respect the Art MetmpoFo H especial y strong. Possessing a tho,•ol^.h know edue of the European muTket- - hLonl J : rehab e market for first-class artist's m^' ais— tiiey have used tl ,. . _. — .v,.i^,,„j; ijiif.s 111 riio artistii' jukI decorative trades ^vhicll our space does , pemiit us to notice in detail. ""^ Ihe premisi.s are ccntrallv located -es , pecially «o for Artists' studios ad ',ch' I tect s olhccs-and measure about ->->Kil^ IL ftC!:l^K:^;;.^/'^^^"-^-'--^wj^ !wS'j.id;=^^^^ lua. iiaving- bi^en connected with leulin,,- liouses m Artistic Manufactures in lis As Art '■" f '",'""',^'-'«'-'H„ since [sfo ''" As Art IS the handmaid of education ..,,1 :;"^:!;^''^'7'i'^'M'P'?-iationisthecZn ^ e cence of civilization, it is ea.sy to predict to u,sent.;r,,risin,,,ot..se increasing, popu- auiy and fame m this great, mowint/ 'ii I prosperous country. ' "'""-i"!,, .taU N .SuissCutvi.sd.s, \Vi.vi,„\v Co,^^,, s oi.As.si.;s, p„.,.i;,j,,, F,j^,,,,,; p,?. .'.^ ; Mori I, IV, !w; .., T. ,v. "".' ^.'•IIUK IS, KTC. a spirit of enterprise so '1 (c'l'ioicN St. We.st. This is an old established industrv, datin.' is.,a,,,mtoth<. year IH.U whei t w'l .started by the presinit f.roprietor, who fo^ ten years nrevious to that had carr . d o, woo carving ex.lusivelv. The ,rei is?" occupH..dare 2-,x7U f.-et in dime .' h s "uvo floors .uid the ba,sement being use \htu 'ne replete with all necessHrAj'^lnic^ or .M.cc,.ssful,y carrying on the business to which they are devoted. This consists of manufacturing and dealing in F.A G Carv- ng^, window .■ornh.es, .-oririce j.oles, min'ors looking glasses, ,>ic,ure framei and K;;: ' hi his knowledge with mou ino.s ,.n^''''''"''^V:''•"'^^^ '""' Piftui 120 CITY OF TORONTO. are a specialty. Mr. Peterkiii also niaiiu- fuotiu'os blocks for the liatters of Toronto, furiiisliiiic; tho j^reator parr of tlioso tliat are used ill tlie city. Tlie.so ^'oods are sold at both wholesirle and retail, and in thfin a very extensive business is done, fourteen e.\perioiiced mechanics are ^iveu cons aut eniploymeut in Mr. Peterkin's business. In the inanufa('turo of his ji;oods, Mr. Peierkin works from his own desijrn.s or from nlaiis furnished by others, and in the latter care j;uarantees the furnished article to (hKuctlv comprehend with the orJHinal drawing. Mr. Peterkin is a Scotchman by birth, and has lived in Canada many years. He is a l)ractical wood worker and personally super- I intends all departments of his establisliment. ; nUliuiii Dtirivs ,!• Co. I\mK P.ackeus K'rc. Bkachei.i, Stiuoe'i-. The provision trade in all its branches is one of laiKO importance in all yreiit centres, but in Ciuiada, or rather in tho whole of tlie American continent, the pork trade com- mands a leading i)asition The (juantitvof liork imjiorted into Great Britain, of which ihejj;reater i>art comes this side of the At- lantic, is iirodig'ious, and last vear amount- ed to ui)\vards of £,S,0U0,Oi;O or' S;O,0l,;O,{J(J0. sin{,'eing machines remove the bristles from the hoifs at the rate of 175 per liour ; they have a hog scraper which operates at the same rate ; and they have dryinR machines which turn the refuse into fertilizers, obvi- ating all waste ; employment is given to up- wards of IfiO hands ; while the motive power is supplied by an 80 horse power en- gine. i 'J'he hogs are slaughtered on the premises, ; upwards of (iO,OCO to 70,000 being annually cured. A large trade is done botli in Eng- land and this country, and therejiutation of this house for the excellence of its pro- dui'ts is of the very highest. T'"« iiitl'vidual members of this firm are Mr. \Villiam Davie.s, a native of Walling- ford, Berkshire, England, where his father was engaged in the same business, and h!s sons Mr. William Davie.s, and Mr. Jan.es Davies. who were born in Toronto, all be- ing well and favorably known in mercan- tile circles. For ;i nuinlier of years tlie ciiy of Tuioiito has enjoyed (he highest of reputations for the exfclieiu'u of its pork, and i he leading represiiiilatives of this indiisiry ai'e Messrs" Win. Davies & Co., pork pacluns, and cur- ers and export provi.sioii iner<'liants, whose packing house .uid jobliiiig and retail stores is located at Jieachcll .Street, Ifil Sj)adina Ave., ai'd -li and L>l (Jueeen St.. West. This business has becMi in exisleiu'.e for close on thirty-live years, having been founded by Mr. yVilliain Davies in IH')1, since which date it has steadily grown in importance till its present jiosirion bus beiMi attaiinnl. ! 'J'he itremises occupied cover .some two acres of ground, and on these are erected a i number of buildings, jiroviding every ac- ' cniiinindati.-i!! for (lie inonipt and elHciinit ! pro.secution of tliis iiusiness. They have! the most ini|)rovcd modern machinery; their | liotrscU <{• IlttfrhisoH, Piu.nter.s and Pi:iii,i.>(iiKKS, 74 A.Ni) 7(J KiN(f Stkeet Kast, a.\u Col'kt Stkeet. This is one of tho largest as well as oneof the oiliest business houses in tJiecity, dating its iiice|)tion back to the year l«;5;t, when it was founded by the late Mv. Henry Kowsell wjio conducted it till lH7i?, when Mr, Henry Hutciii.son, who had l;een the active man- ager of the business for many years |)revious was admitted as a i^artne'r,' and the firin iiMiows: lU*i: Hr.tchison was formed Tirs continued till IHf^O, when Mr. Kowsell re- tired and the business was conducted by the remaining partner (tho (dd lirm mime beinir retained) till 1S,S«, when Mr. Charles P Spailmgwas iidded to the firm. Tho pre- mises occupied by this Well-known house are liiriie and commodious, having a front- age of twenty-six feet on King Street, and extending' back entirely across the block to ; Court Si net. 'J'hese commodious iiremises I are suitably fitted u). for the convenience of ilhc business to whiidi they are devoted , which consists of importing' and dealing iii jail kinds of niiscelhuieous books and sta- I tionery. iiookbinding and manufacturino- all Mvinds of blank iiook.s, and in book and" job ^ printing as well as puhlishing. Jn the vh- j nous (leimrtmentsa very large trade is done bo ii Ml the city and through the province. -V ten-horse power engine is used to drive themiichinery in the printing and publishing de))artment, and in the whole establishment soMK^ lifty competent assistants are given steady employment. Messrs. Henry Hutchi- son .and (.Miarles P. Sparling, the pre.sent memhers of the firm, areactive and enterprhs- iiig business men ; and the firm hasacom- mcniai standing second to none in the trade as well jis a reputation not confined to the Province. ) bristles from per liour ; thoy iperates at the ■'ins macJilnes tilizers, obvi- is given to up- 3 the motive rse power eu- tJie premises, 'iiig annually both in Eng- there|)utation :e of its pro- l this firm are of Wallinj;- eio his father less, and hia d Mr. J an. us I'onto, all be- 1 in mercan- tlNTEUS AND lN(r Stkket llasoneof the ty, dating its wlicn it was my Itowseli, n Mr. Henry active man- Bars |)revious md the firm )riii('d. This Rowsell re- lucted by (he nil me beint,' Charles P. in. The pre- nown house vinjia front- : Street, and tlio block to ous |)iemises nvenience of ire devoted, id dealinf^ in ks and sta- facturing all jok and job In the va- rad(!is done, province. sed to drive I puhlishins tablisliment 5 are fj;iven iny Hutchi- the present identerpris- has a com- in the trade, ■onfined to [^_E/JiESENTATIVE BU.-NESSMEN. 121 SEWER PIPES MAoirna.: Sewku Gas PiucvrcvT-v..; Fm;s„in. AM) Cl.i;A.\i\(i Tkai> satisfac- < Al!li..Li.,S..;\vioi; 1',,.,:.., K,,,.,,, | ' ';'\' CHn;xKv-',V,,.s, Lhmo Hn, 'iJiJ^^^^x 1 ...., Sr.KKr WKs-r ax. P^.i;^:;;, '''■"'':'l''.v.ll"'Hi...stconipl('h.,'sial,lishni(.nt M.''w;:M;:^:;;,!;''i,t'':;;:;i;!;r:'-^""''fi Ei'3™™;!;-x:;:^i'X,;:(;;;s-:;';'r! I '> show the s„m,.ul,at fivn.T.-.l chara.-Ior . Ins business tli.Mo ,„av b,,,.,,,,,,,,. tV, On..(A,n,.|i,-un). and Cana.la, (S, .? | ^ d::sh™;;:,r',fr'''' '■'=-•'- '- Mll-l..|n,n.,irapsar.M-nr!u,lvdinth..s^ S: E „S"i;:;ao,ri:K>^ij::;ii; ! ilso d<.,.h.re that wlie,e ii i- perfect • ion. A fulljineof all these dilTercnt ar- 'I'dcs. witi, ,||,,,|^. others that it is uiinecessarv to nienlidn, ;vill hi- btund at all times in eitliei. of tli(> stores miMitioned above and mana«- <'il I'.v.'.^Jr.Maoiiire. As may be sur- mised from til,, extent to wliich this jiiMitleiiian Ills developed his lusiiiess. rendei'- '"'^ NO eoiiiplef(, •be stork in )|i^ IK'cullar line. ],l^ laine is now j„ '■'>i'ilia,- and popular o„0' "unni.!;- all w;;ose Pjl^- pla.ejT Hien, in ::•; J.,f smd/ai^l^ ;'■'""•''■ ,"'■ i^one of the most ..iifri "!«• voiino- iMisiness men in ti.eeitv "IS telephone number is iOS. IIIIS has pris- '■AM'. I'i(i;sii.i;.NT; |). \{ vv /,,,,. NVEI,M.N(n„.N,STU,.:CTj. AST ^^ iiiR physicians also d'. . .,. ised typiioid fever, diphtl u fectious disease; in the city of 1 constantly incroi being used, aud i phtheria and other in- •e much loss prevalent. is a liir^^e and I where their inHne;.^^ is'fe "^ ^^T'l'''' insnection of tlif.;,. ,.„ „ .' '■"' "■ <'lose >vi.iioi,, i7s;whXnk''o,>^i';;,;;°;y^';;;^-'. mro existence. Siiu'e tbe,, m"L i ' '!"- s.)ste,n has extended lo'^" \\ns'T\T civilized world. Amo,u/o ..■'?! , f '"' and most trusted iiimnc^ial' houses ofX ion is the I 'oionto th(>re which was established niperial Bank -f Canad number of thi^^e ti::.^ { ^^; ^S^'r^T'' ""' "'"«'' «'"-"h in every ins soiiie_ thirteen years en ii.^s iment paia HP capital oFii;5(5;;:or^l 122 CITY OF TORONTO, rest of S')00,0(!0, and hiis brnruilies in all HeotiouH of Ontario, as well im I he North- west, with ajj;*Jiits vine] coi'iespoiulunts in Groat Britain, tlio United Stiitcs, France, Australia, Now Zealand, China and India. Tlio bank transai!ts a general lusiness in loans, discounts and di!|iosits, and inakos collections on all available points, on reason ft has hot and cold water t)atlis and all the uiodern conveniences. Mr. Claike, the I'rojii'ietor, is an old Toronto num, liis grandparents having been l)orn here over a hiindrt:d years a|:;o. lie is thoroughly con- vc'sant with the business in all its details and is a pleasant and social y;entlenian and a poiiuhir host. The house itself, located as h cars running; to all jjarts of the city, commouds itself to the travelling;; public. -V. I'attrfson, Masvvmvtvuv.u ok Pikio ("IIIIMIS, Vl.NlOO.MiS, Ev.\l'()li.\Ti;ii FitiMTs, J.\.Ms, ,Jioij,i|.;s, i.;rc'., l!» .J,\i;- vis SruiniT, T()ii()NT(j, Ont. able terms. Jn short, every facility of which it isclo.se to tJie street railway, witl tlio modern system of bankiufj; has taken advantayo is offered to the customers of thi! Imperial Bank ; and that its efforts in ibis direction liave hnQxi a|)prociated is evidenced by tlio success and prosperity it enjoys. This bank is ably officered, while its iJoard of Directors is composed as follows: H, S, Howland, Vm\., President ; T. 1{. Merritt, Esip, Vice President ; Wni. Ram- say, Es(|., T. Ji. Wadsworth, Ks(j., Robert Jaffray, Esq., Hu<;li Ryan, Esq., and the Hon, Alex. Morris. The responsible duties of cashier are ably discbarned by D. R, Wilkie, Es(j,, a gentle- man of iar^e c.xp(!rience in financial matters, i\\ short, the names of tho.se associated with llie Imiierial Bank aii^ synonymous with conamercial probity and integrity, and their connection with this coiporation j^ives it a loading liosition anions the soiuid, woil- managod institutions of the country. Teviimsvtli iloiisr. II. II. Vlnil,-, I'ln- fH-ht»l% Colt. Kl.NIl A."^!) TlOCl'MSHTll Strkkts. Tlie enormous tj;rowtIi of the city in recent years has naturally caused a demand for in- creased hotel accommoilatiou of a kind suit- ed to the reiiuiroments of the metropolis ; and to meet this demand many first class hotels have been i're(;ted in recent \ears, ])romineiit anions ilicm beiii}^ the "'Tecum- setli House,'' H. B. Clarke, I'roprietor, cor- ner of Kiiii;- and 'J\!cumseth Streets. This location has loiiji- becui the site of a public house, but the present structure dati's only to the early part of ISSH, when it was open- ed by the |)reseiit |)i(.)piietor, who improved, refitted, and refurnislu'd it t liiouj;lioiit. It is a sulistantially built tliree stoicy bri(;k structure, of pleasiii^' architectural design and is .'iti.xli') feet in diiiKMisions. It t-on- tains fifteen lij.;ht, airy and well veuiilated lied rooms, three handsomely furnished par- lors, one sittiiiu :"id smoking rO'in n id a well appointed office. The diuiiij.; room is cheerful and home lik(! and will comfortalily seat ei^bly j^iiests. where is supjjlicil, with a bountiful hand, all the delicacies, as well as the most substantial fail' that the mar- ket affords, and it is served by coiii|jeteiit and courteous assistants. There is i^ood stablinj:; in connection with the hotel which makes it a convenient stopping place for those driviiifj; throui;h die country. The bar is fully stocked with the finest wines, liiiiiors, ales, etc., and the i brands of domi-.sdc and imported The hotel is comfortably heated diirinj;' the winter months with hot air, is lighted with iiess man gas, and has electric bolls in hH tJie rooms. \ Btanding. i An im|iortant business enterprise here in itliecily IS the v Mer and vinegar manufac- I tory of Mr, S. Patterson at 11) Jarvis Street, The inception of this industry dates to the ; year ISIiii, when it was first 'started by the i present proprietor, and from a small b'e^in- ' niiii;' has j^rown to be of very lary;e propor- ! tioiis. The premises oi'cupie'l consist of a i substantial four storey tii'ick structure, 2(1 .\ SO feet in dimension; the entire buililiii;^ beiiiij; devoted to the business ; and here all facilities and conveniences are to be seen for sucee.ssfully carryiiii;- on the enter|)riye. The cider used for making' the vine.:;ar, as well as that which is bottled and sold to the trade, is made at J5elleville, where Mr. Pat- terson owns a mill and cider iness, thus makiiiH; it coitain that only the pure article is used. The t^oods ii'ianufactiired and dealt in by this house includes sweet, clarifie.l. lelined and bottled cider, lemon ' champa}>iie, ciiler and white wine vinej^ar. \ malt ami evaporated fruits, jams and jellies. These are all of first i|iialitv, nolliin;^' but the best and purest ingredients being used in their maniifacturc!. Jn these a very large trade is ilone, the goods finding n' readv market wherever introdut'ed and being sold in all parts of the city. About 2.0UO barrels of cider are useil and dispo.sed of each year. In addili.iu to the goodseiiiimi'rateil above, .Mr. Patterson deals la.rgi'ly in apjile parers and si cers. cid(!r mills, apple graters, wine iiresses, ('.ider pumps, elevators and family hand mills. These he manufactures, e.Ktiept the cider mills, using an em jly separate buildinv:. wliicli is fitted up with all iiiodcu'ii machinery and ap|)liances for successfully carrying' on the business to which it is de- voted. In these goods also a very large; trade i.s done, they beiiigsold all over'thecity and adjacent country. A tweiit.\-fivo hor.so power engine is u.sed todrive the macdiinerv for making these various articles, and in the entire establishment an average of nine men are given steady employment, and four hoicest teams are u.sed to deliver goods, cigars. ' Mr. Patterson is a native Canadian, an enterprising gentleman, and an active busi- of high social and commercial REPRESENTATIVE BUSINESS i and nil tlu! Clui'ke, tlio J mail, his II liero over a ou^'lily con- 1 its ilotails itloiiiau and If, located as ', vvitii cars .', coiuiuouds •;u 01' Ptido v.\i'oirATi;i> c, 1!) Jak- iriso lieie m ar maiuifac- arvis Street, dates to tlio arted liy the ■iiiiall licj^iii- iry;u |iro])or- coiisist of a ti'iicture, 1?(1 ire buildiiiy; and here all lie seen for crjM-iso. The .;ar, as well sold to the re Mr. Pat- piess, thus tli(3 pun; iinvifiictui'ed uiles sweet, idor, lemon ine vinoH'ar, i and jellies, linj^; hut the inji used in 1 very lar^e ijj; a leady 1 lieiMt; sold !.(]00 barriis each year. iitcd al)ov<', il'lilc parers aicrs, wine and iFamily U'cs, ex(',c|il ily separate all modern mccessfully jIi it is dc- vcry larfje ver thecity -five hor.se machinery and in the )f nine men and four nadian, an ictive husi- .iommerciul MEN. <)!■ HiI.\(iK. Coitl), TassKLS, GlMI'S U\- .>,:UTAKKUV T,MK.M,.N„S, KT,„ '!i '& ivj Sii|.;uiiou-K.\K SruKHT, To.if.Nro. U^a^}} ^""^V' "••""»«■«' manufii.'ttu'ers of fmni^;,n> «m'-^°''''' "", '■"I'O.'tant feature in luiniti ro httiiigs and in house decorative trnnminKS-, are Messrs. f;eori.-e Whi e & So whose extensive estahlishn.ent ,s on S h e : tuvnt V .T'- ^^'f 'V^"*^' ^'-'^^ f°"»''" ' -'"^ CO net-'. '1'''° ^'l^ ""°'-«« ^^'I'i '■ ^vho ^/e':^rs:^eo;^s^n{;:is-- ol?. ncof T '■"^'''^^^ ^^'^'' '^" "e^essar ap- Cip^tt ? ^''^i'^^^sfuliy conducting rl e busiRes.s, A six-hor.se ouKine furnishes the motive power and employment is Sven at in n'/r. '° '^^■<'"t>-«vo hands. Th. fli •ui u ,w 'i^''"V*' ^'?°'' '*« ^^ell as millinerv hm.^^r^^'^ trimmings, importing a iai.gepait of the raw material and seUimr DonliZn' tV"'*^'' ^T^^-^ i" '^" parts oi'll,^ iJonunion. 1 he goods are .sold at both whole- sale and retail, and find a ready market wherever introduced. Since the ^in^ ior of the busines.s, which was hegun in a wrv T\ZcT'''-'' '''^^ '^'' ^^■'^■' theinost mark'- ea Success, increasing from year to year mtil now a very fine trade is dom M-' ^s aTpnlSf' ""^ T'r- '"°'"'''^'' «f 'J' ■ « ' .' bus ness^in }'l"i'"/i^' •^''■^'"^"J learne,lthe ous ne.s.s in the old country, His son is a wi th'f,.;??''"^ '^"^' I'as'been assocatcl witlifnnge making since his youth. Thev are enterprising gentlemen and person. Iv siM>erintend the details of their estal.liS- 123 in convenioncps and arrangoirienta of a (list ,.k.ss metropolitan hotel. Since Mr m w',T-*V''''' I'.vfhe way is an old hotel ■ « ' '•'«'' fen years' experience both in ( anada and the States, and was for scn-en ci'tvT le!'T'''' "^ ^''" \-(in^^n^s of this '-ity) lias been conneetiMl with the house a very increased trade has been ,lone, and he patronage has hec.ome so extensive as to necessitate th,- . nlaruing of the hotd Joii.v McGoiiY, Puo- A.MJ YOKK StKKKT.S TO THK TlIEATUICAL Mt'ffopnJe IT of (I, I'lUKTOI!, Kl.\(l SiMoiiAi, Rates Pl£OI'I0SSIO.\. Fir.^t class hotel accommodations add as much, or more to the pr.istige of a ci n thhi:?''"l^;o^V""^'^!'«' V""^ -^ ^^--- thing Toronto us n, the pos.session of es- tablKshmen s of this kind if a hi-h order and which in all their details w com.u'e favorably with tho.so of anv other place on his continent. Among the most op a. an favorite houses in the citv is that .so wide"' known as ihi^Meiropolc. The location is 01^' of ai d Yo 1 -^Mn"; ''"'"^V^' ^'"' •'"'■'"^•■of Jving Uii on Station and near the wholesale and re- tail centres and rea.lily accessible by horse vlrt;'''Si's'co' ^'^«/.'--,°>' twosidL toall p.irts. his commodious house was erected soine eighteen years ago, taking the ,da°e o an old frame .structure called the " Shakes I)eare," which had occupied the site for many years. V ■ '"' '"' took pos.session build —to dotilile will be uiide hcu.se ^vill then plaiiexclusivelv it.s capacity— a work which •ti,kcn this coming fall. The be run on the European U hile this will be an in- thi larly j.art of 1HS!», the iiig was ontiroly renovated and refitted •oiighoiit and _, .V..., ,,T 1,^^,^ ^,1 plete hou.TOs in the city, ] now one of t]i(> most com- novation m liotel management in this city It will not necessarily; interfere with other estal) ishments. The new promises will bo modelled after the large hotels of this kind in the large cities in the States, will be open (lay and night and will have a comi)etent trained corps of assistants from New York, Uw MitroiKilc is in every respect a first class establishment, its halls and corridors ale wide, spacious and convenient, while its apartmenis for guests are commodious, handsomely furnished and elegant in all ap- jiointments, fixtures and upholstery. In the.se respects the Mi'trojmie is not excelled liy any house in the country, while the ctii- xiiw is all that could l)e desired. In the spa- cious dining hall there is seating capacity for fifty guests. ^ Under the able and careful management of its present projirietor, the Metropole lias already taken a high rank among tJie lead- ing houses of the Dominion. Mr. McGory makes a most genial and obliging host, and ■ ixtonsive acmiaintance long I trf Hiving all the 1110- J in the city veiling public, added to bis wide-spread per- sonal popularity, make the Mctropoh' one of the most favorite and best known hotels 124 CITY OF TORONTO. Sfaiutish ,V Itchf, AlAMFACTIMtlCUS OF IVVUMSII ANf. AmioIUCAX BlI.l.lAUl) AMI lool. iAIll-KS, A\1)Mani:KA(TIUi:US, Im- rouTKKs AM) I)i.;am;ks ix Evkky Dhs- riui'TioN or 13iM,iAiu> Sui'im.ikh. HI Kk.hmo.m) Sr. Wkst. AVhcii liiisinoss iscoiiductol witli siicli ii fcvonsli lush iu.i(l fxccssivc ciici'fiv, a.s it is fit tli(. prcscHit (lay. it is for 1 lie wcH-liciiif.. of III! thiit some liaTiiiicss rocivatioii should he iiKliilKvd III to relievo tlii' mind of its liiis- iiirss ciiros, and to iilTord the l)odv a licaltli- liil and modcrato exercise ; mid for tliese lairposes there is nothinK more suital.le thimaKaiiie of pool or billiards, wliether lit lioiii(> or in some iiuldic resort. Of recent years tli(. manufacture of i)ool and billianl tallies has lie(;onu. a very impc, ant indus- try III Canada, niaiiv thousands hands iie- .'iKiMiipknol, and man v thousand of do!,. us invested in tlii.s enterprise. A leading lioiise in this line is that of Ales.srs. Stitndish & Jieid. whose iiremises avositufttod on liichinond Street West This tn-ni isanew one in the city, haviim- heen estaldished less than a year, hut hoth'of its ineniheisareold and well-known hamls ai the l.usine.ss. having- been activel v en-a-vd at It for the past twidve years. Thei7 Vic- tories and work-rooms are laru,. ,„„i ,,„,„. nod.ous, and are fnllv e,, nipped will, the late.st improved nmcliinery and applian- ces for conductinj;: the op(>rations carried on. which consist in mannfacturin- iMurhsh and American JJilliard and l>o,d tab >s. Ivory and composition billiard and |)ool balls, plain and fancv cues etc Old tables are repaired, cut (|uality. " i They make a specialty of illuminated lamp si-ns be.sides all the ordinarv kinds i siicli as Kold, glass, wire, enamel, ai'id brass for warehouses and iniyate residences. Mr. Win. E. Booth has just returned from hurope where his attention has been drawn to all the latest designs effecting this 1 .irt of the business, so no doubt sonuHhiii"- still newer may he looked for in the way o7 signs. "^ Their house painting, gla/ing, graining, and warehouse tinting branches, have the special attention of Mr. Booth. Sr., and you can rely on work being proinjitly and care- fully attended to. John niiriis, Uakui Joii.v Stimokt. A(ii'; WoiiKs, V2H-V2H Geo. Booth a- So,,, Pain-teus and Drcouatoiis. 2\ ADF.i.Ainic .'Jt. W. Perhaps no establishment of the kind in the city IS be'ter known to the people of To- ronto who aie in the habit of havin" their In the maiiufactur(> of carriages and wag- gons, which occupies a proiiiinent place among the comprehensive industries of To- ronto we have several leading tirins and MiiliVMluals. amongst whom due recognition must be given to .Mr. .lohn Hums, whoso extensive establishment is on .Tohn Street. It IS twenty y(>ars since thisgentleinan coiii- inonced the mannfactiire of carriages and waggons :n this city, being associated from HiOto IKS-,, witli the firm of Hutchinson & Burns, and at the latter date retiring fiom I Che partnership anil building a new and [spacious structure of his own. This is a hand.some factory ;!0x7.-. foot in dimensions lour stones and ba.soment high andsiibsuui- tially i)uilt of lirick. ft is convenientlv 'ir- ranged and suitably iitKnl up for cari-vi'n,.- on the business of carriage Imilding. "The basement is u.sed as a blacksmith shop and here is found the forger and all necessary tools for shaping the iron and sleel work'- iMrst or ground Hoor is show room where all hnishod work may be seen, the third is (levoted to wood working, etc.. A and f) is fitted up for painting and trimming, and furnishing. Maciiinery is used in this os- iaidishment, but the manufactured goods are all handmade and are tirst-cla.'^s ineveiy particular. Nothing but the best and most fully seasoned wood and the finest ([uality of iror irnpor work Jish V( skilful of carr l>iit a s daiis. 'I All the the JJr press (,' used l,y llieiit. hjind fr from a, '■'"ages h coiu-er. another for iheC and pro «iven to workmei very (-xt( Mr. Ij, since ],SJ <'!■ and pi tails of ji widely ;i deserving '•.\' his en iij. Shi J, „•{,/, I'ACTI'l (.'iMvSTl HlOI.S, Wivho STi;/.;i.r, Among t to whicdi s: file Shipv fstablishm. Victoria St nes.s dates was first St who commc in a small w tio went in siicce.ssfulh returned ti entered into oil yongo i Hiok's retire way'.s son, 'i Bod ly, were which is stj] liied are spac fully suppliei machinery. faoturing' in bedsteads, co iron work, v bell hangers s beli hanging, sinitliing, etc, ly attended tc bouse, howev( particular lint I the newest |iors or rint- wlio it'i|iiiro oiuuj ill 11 loiiso.s than St. VV. ill tho city, in the year oiu|ielle(l to itotho Wall ot rOKvetted st assortoil of (liflereiit rs, &c. they do tlie , uiul tlioy ■1> to jll(lj<0 illiimiiuited naiy kinds . and brass inces. t leturnod I lias been "ootirifi; this soiriothinu- ;lio way of grainiiifr, ^ have tho :'., and yon and caro- ls, 12(:-12S and wa.ir- ont iilai'c rios of To- firnis and Huii^nition ns, whoso hii Street, niiancoin- •ia;i('S and atod from 'hinsoii & riiiK' fioni new and This is a iiu'iisions, IsnhsLan- ontly jir- "i'l'ryinj:: iiitr. The shop and leccssary el work ; an wliero third is and f) is iiu;-, and this os- 'd floods i ineveiy md ino.st t (|uality REPRESENTATIVE BUSINESS ^yf ^ is 'in!:i;:dti r;^o&;:t'i;'' "i'"i: ">? f';'::';.:::;;;;;i™'*,^™' All's l''<^^>'''Mu,wu.ies.asu-^ir '',;,"'''''''■' ''^•''- "«''d hy the(;itv /,,,, m. I / ''f ."iiihulances ""•"t. .V (in. sio 'u "f ''■ " ^'"-^ '■stahlisli- "P'l pron.,-.tlv at,' , i;;i '^'■''«'''"'« ''^ "'''-^f'.v Kiven totw,.nlv-sevPns - n, , ''"T'"'^""'"^ ''« worknion.andin K vti '?i"i;"'''''''^''''' von- extensive hnsiness'lsd;;;,:;"'"^''^'"-'^^'^ Hin.i'iHirHeisi:'':r;'r''V'"''''.'"^''"'^'i'^ ::yi.i^':^t:?;p;t'r/'r!viir-"'^^"^"'^" MEN 12,-> •specimens of their wnrt »,«• ~~ ~ P'u-ts of the c . S^oa.iS '"^' f^" '■» '^" k'iven fosLxteen tot went .L '^'"i''"i'"f'nf i« lofs, who are , , do, t ? '?"'l'"tent e.nplov- 01 the .lifToront Snhe s o 'tT' ■''"'"^'•v'siin ^'i-.-u.e«kiif^rS-i;i--iX';^;i;i Tmk W.^°^,i!^;/-^,^;•;-'- ^^;;;^«^.^.r,o^w,..^^-;7Y^'^,^-0M ''>™Ms.heIlS■?/^^'^^tf''•'!- ^^"^'^^ of ;'»-"' of I'arii nion n,l"'w- 'f '• ""' ^''" «"''- Tho site of t s 01 'is n ."";'"''.^"'' 'Streets. ""i''ks of thoed V h.v?''''?'^ ^'"' o''l ''^'"l ""''lie J.onse or o'erll/"'" """'' «« '' o\ei thirty years. The "I lie has built 1., ;\""' i'KDNTKADS, (>)rs Wtxnow GiJAuos, Stiuckt. to whSart'od"!"'"""' iiHlnstries of Toron- -;abiiS;i;;^;;i 's""t'"£r^ ?°- /'-- Victoria Street n„- ! '°""<1 on "os.^^ dates Ek t \rZ';']H^; \'"; ''"^.' ."1.0 n„,„c„cn\h/ ,J,kiilh''',» ?l';i'"-»y, in asmall Will- Al,™ i -"^ "?" ''edstcni s machinerv. 'J'he hu'^LLT -^ '""^^ ^^n*' facti.rin^/ ron fencTn" r„T"'^' "^ '"«""" bedsteads, cots cZVyiJ/'^'I'^^' "-estiiiffs, '■■•on work w^nrf™' ''^''^''' ^'infy wrought smithing ote s S >.f *^PP^atus. black- ly attended to' The Tw ""'^ satisfactori- I'onse, however is ron f«n.-^"''^^*/.°^ *^^ particular line a vorvw"''l"*^'.''^"^ "" tWs line a vorv larjje business is doue ™;^S'fi;i^'fe-- -as erected only four storey brick sn-nef !,' "'"^^V^"-^' """1^ architectui-al cosiffn ' "^ ''^ ^^.^^'^-omo «'l.ie.h surmounts Imb diilT« *''^ !'>'''^^ flie city and the Jake s t n T i^",^ "'"^^ of are hero room H-.ht n. i '" ,'"''• '''''f'lf t'fli'ooms. o°ie l.an^so nel? f -*^ ' /«'" ilate.l P'u-lor, smokinrmS iuid l-Vf^^^^ 1^ well appoiute":! office a^^l^'Vo'A'aJf/'r'"^' likodiniiiL' room whin ,. m? •^ '^"'"'O'ne- seat 100«irests. Tiu^mS fi^l ,;°V'f«'-''^''ly , the delicacies of the season as ^ most substantial fare vvh 1« tlT'^ t? *''« flepartment is in cl ar,.o ^f ''^ culinary competent assi.«tants *' ^ P^-'^'-t'cal and best brand." of iS;'laS'aom^ ■""'' *'"' The house is handsomev f„r.° i ^ "i '"^''^'-s- out a novel des^ bS tro;l'''^'''l-o"«}.- smokiiiK and readinr,.^^ ?""*="' "i the and upLl tere? sea'^ts o "lo'^''"'"" '"''■^''ioned 'nanentJy bui] aimmd h^f? •'^''^J^^'- room.s. Electric bells"a" J fotc'iran' tt 126 CITY OF TORONTO. halls mill ht'd rooms, lunl iuit mid cold water hiitlis on cuidi floor. The hotolis liciilcd ilirou^dioiit witli steiiiii. and liiis tlic most iiiiiirovcd lire (;s(Mi|io.s con- noctcd with ouch lloor. 'rakcu altot;oth('r, it is ono of the host aiipointcd liotelH in the ity, while its loralion on a prominent b.isi- noss street, with horse cars passiiip; to all parts of the cit.w commends it to thulravcdl- iiiK pnhlio. Tl'ie Wincliester St, cars from Union Station take ,\ on rif;ht to the door. Ml', Ayor, the proprietor, is mi old hotel man, is well and favorably known, and is a popular host, Nrw llorM I'tiiforin Colfrrfiiiff Co')/, AM) PuiVATi; iJlOTIOCTIVIO Hl'lUlAK. TinrusTON' &■ Co,, Mana(ii;us, Hkad Oi'KiCE I'oii Canada, H7 Ki.sd SriuiKr F^AST, Tho Now World Uniform ColloetinK Com- pany and Priyate Detective Htireau has now |i_ecomo ono of tho really necessary institu- tions of this ^;reat conunoiciat cent e, in its .s|iliero sorviii;i; as a protection to wholesale and retail merchants in Toronto and the Dominion. It has branches, agencies and ccrrespondcnco throughout the whole of the N(;w World. The company has a larf>;e stuff of com- petent collootor.s, all of whom are under bonds to do their vyoriv ef- fectually a. 'd .veil, while tho most stubborn a nd hopeless ca.sos are dealt with, usual- Iv most success- fully. This agen- cy is the only one in existonco that roipiires its collec- tion to give bonds for the faithful ])erformance o f their wprk and is also tho only one which gives se- curity to those whose accounts it collects : and that it does its work tlioroughly iinl well is evidenced by the fact that its patrons in this city alone num- ber some 700 of tlie best business mon of this place, while its connection is steadily increasing, ]n the branch agencies that have been established in most of the cities and towns of tho Dominion, the most careful scru- tiny is made of those who have to do the work, and tlie business at those places is m.anagod in the same careful manner .as .at the liead oiilice. The.se who have cliarge ef the.se branches, are roiiuired also to give bonds. A private detective agency is also carried on, and in this, as in the collections, the same system and good managiiment is observed. The companv was established in the earlv part of IHHl!, by .Messrs, Thurston A Co,, and at onc(! took a iirominent pliu (! among the varied industries of the city, A commodious and centrally located oHico is occupied, whicdi is well appointed and hanil- sumcly furnished, iMessrs. Thurston A Co., have t\w very best commercial connection, and are in every way entitled to tho conii- dence reposed in them hv the business com- munity at largo. Thv Ammonia Co., of'Tofotifo, (i.i.Mi-r- ed), Manikactiukus ok Agi'A and ANiiVDUoiis Ammonia, IfiU Pauliamknt SrilKKT. Among tho various industries that have roc(!ntly been established hoie and have from ti)e start been most successful and al- ready SI nd in tho front rank of the commer- cial enterprises of this city, is the Ammonia Co., of Tcji'onto, Limited, wtiich was organ- ized in iKS7, but did not secure its charter and coijimence business till the early part of th(\ following vear. The capital stock of this company is .S 10,000, of which *;{.S,r)0O 00 is paiioiito Hoik tor niaiiv vciirs lln ; . , "^ "' ,""- •N'i Inks an„Tv,.,o Wiutkk Srn., ;,"': «mular o„o wus estubli«j., K\j^iV^^ "';j!, ;' 1; 'onuses occupii.il iiio lai-e • I , •^; ^ I'ons, ninl-nvcniently juu./uiv;u;:"':n tliii !i|i|)liaiico,s for .su<'(:f.s^f,,li,- . 1 . " tliro;,„ho,„ -, I o >,„ I ;,, ' ;■ I,,!"'' ';"""■» '1«"'». "-i^e .x, J ,,,";™ ?,,;»,''''■• S- . JIch- 198 CITY OI' TORONTO the hnNflinont lieinK i»w1. Thoso aro siiUii- 1 bly tilled up for tlin (■uiivdniciico of thi^ liimi- iiDss to which llii'v iiio tU^votoil, llij front purt of till! uroiiiui tiooi- ImmiihiisimI ii.s ii sum- > pic iiiid sulos room, wlicro is l,'iis liMiiri'x, ('hiuidoiicrs, nlohcs, '• liotli phiiii, fiiiicy iiiid «'oh>ioil, etc, ; wliilii in tho nuir is till' \voil< sjiop wliidi is Kipictisl with itll t liu iKMU'ssiiry tools iiiiil appliiuircs of till! iiiosi iipprovf' I patterii used in the hiisincss. Mr. Mi^iidows (Iocs nil kinds of liliiiiiliinf;-, iind steam and hot water lift in«, ' taking I oiitracls foi' work of I his kind, in all parts of the city, doinj; onl\ liisl-(dass work j and Kiiaraiitecin;; satisfaction in a'l c.rtsc«. Jle is the I'alcnico and Manufai't iirer of the j .Meadows ('cliliratc^l licvitalih! Wash-out! Water t'loscl, which he invented some t \' o yoars a^'o. and whiidi is the hi^st, closet ', maiiilfactiircMl; its points of e.\c(dlcnc(^ lieiii;; ' that, it will last hjiiuer than any other ; iliat it is (dll^■lpel• and has less maciiineiv to ^ct out of or(l(!r, and that the packing hox i;cts tiy;hler, tlie iiinre prcssiiri^ is in it. Since the iniro liic.'.ioii of I hcse closets I hey havi' hceii I liiKhl.V aiiprerialcd and are now used in [ many of l he lanv hnildinus l hut have recent - ly lieen creeled, namely I'ii v h'enislry Ollicc ami K. Tiillev's. Ks,|r., lioard of Works, !• inland Si. lire hall, I (iiridas Si. liiv hall, i'orontci ( '(jljen'e of music. Dr. Alihoti, tifi U. hciiison. .\r(diitec,t. oO i Wati'iworks I >,'pari iikmi Smith rea. are in constant aiiciidaiice. and the Woi k is iie in the hitjhest style of tin' art. In addition to hairdrcsHiiiK, .Mr. (iicen makes wiKs, switches, haiiKS, ule., on the shorteHl notice and in the most approved mannor. Ht) also maiinfaclnrt's h.nii Cliri-iiiii, an tirticl(> that is hinhly re( ommendcl, and Kilarantced hy him l<,entircU prevent; hair from fall'iijj; .ait. This has I.een on (he market for I he iiiist (|iiartcr of a ceiiinrv, is known and sold nil over the world, and ' hits no superior or i'i|iial fm' t he purpose for which it is j.rcpar:!il Mr. (Jrccii is, liims(.|f. a practical hainlressor, an entcrprisiiin- uiiil ipiishin^; hiisinuss iinm ami to his energy i.s due tlie liirKU jmtionaKO whi.li his hliiise enjoys. Etlnniil Liiii'HOti, l'i(isi.;|.:it 'i'l; a Mkh- (IIA.NT, I)i;\i.i;it IN Ai.i, Kinds oi Kitit- i;i(iN ANi» DoMKsric (JKociiitiios, ank Manitai ri;i(i;it or I'ikk t;..Nn;iTi((X- i;uv, I'a.stuv, (;aki;,s, mc, p.j Kimj Sr. Kasi'. Korcmosi anions; ilu' oldestii eery houses of Toronto, is that ward Lawson, on Kiiiy Street lieH:iniiiiii; of this ciiiei prjsi " islieil of .Mr. Kasl. ales to i.'.v><- Va\- Tlie the Malinda St., ,\ Ii iktU'i'w] V ve. (^ity Hall, .lohii Win. I>. ("apoii. real estale, 10 Kinj;;- Street west, and Lomhard Street lire hall, and tho demand for them is slcadil.\' increasing. ,Mi'. Mt-adows isof ll'iglish hirth and learned his trade in IJiriiMi .;liam, com- mencing when hut ten >'eiirs old. lie has lived ill Canada lor th(! past t weiity-ciight yt^ars, the greater part of wlii(di time! he has followed the sanu! liiai of husiness. Ilo is a thoroughly practical iilumher. II (iltvf 11. (it'crii, Lakiios' Haiudukssku AMI Will Maki;i{, I1!I Yonisio Srijinrr. In this progressive age, and ill a ('ity like Toronto, where ther(^ are so many puld iiy I he wa\-. a llnlel. IS removed to year Isi.'l. when it was lirst starle. present proprietor, in .rather a small few doors north of the |!av Ijoisi- , I Yoii^((St., live years later it' William Street, , the corner of N'oiige and Temperance Sheets. 'The husiness from the first was verv suc- cessful, and in JSIIO it was removed to iimu.^ accotiiiiKMlative i|nartcrs at its present lo- cation, wlicK! four lloors are ii.sed, Ciuh he- inn' L'')xll> feel in dimensions, and are rum- ', ished throiiiihont with every re.piisitc f.a'tlie |e.\tensiv<^ husiness traiisa'cled. Tlie slock c.onsis'sof (dioice tc'as and colTci's, and Hue I trrocories, of wlii(di Mr. l.awson islhedir- I ect importer : also a comnIcK^ assortment of •line confectionery which is iiiiiiiuf;ic,tui cd on I ho piiMiiises. The husine.ss is carried on lioth wliolcsiilo and letail, and cxti'iids throughout th(!city and Province! of Oiiliiric. On the Ijrst of Septomher, Jlr. Lawson will , . - largo and spacious huildiiii: at the corner of Chundi and (Jolhorne Streets, and will at that timcchaiigi! the nature of his husiness somewhat, after that dealing' in teas and colTe(!s, cocoas and idioc.ilatiis. (!.■<( I iisively. Jle will .sell at whole sale, and supjilv oilier mondiants, and will also supply f'liiiiilies direct ; travellers from tht' house' will can- vass the ciiy for orders and these will \h'. illed direct from the stor('. The j^oods wil I receptions and private halls, the vocation of '"'i^iove from hi.s present hjcat ion tollii t he hairdresser is aii iiu|iortaiit one. Promi- nent anioii'.i those cnyageil in this line here, is Mr. Walter H. Orei'ii, wlios(! estahlish iicnt is at UK Yonge Sireet. This g(!iitle- maii is of lOnglish hirth, hut en me io 'i\iron- to and started in this business more than tweutv veirs a'.;ii. and duriiu^' I ha; time hiis liiillt up a large and Hourisliiiig trade, whicdi is sle;idily ini'reasing. The premises occu- pii'd are (dit;ihly located and handsomely and conveiiieiitl\- fitted up. the front part of the ground floor hoiiig a reception parlor and sales room, whei'e is kept a full and com- plete stock of hairdrossing goods, combs, brushes, liair-|)iiis. curling irons, etc. To the rear of this is a barber shop, with its necessary conveniences for geiitlfinu'ii. v.-!-. i!e up stairs are the handsomely furnished ladies' hair dressing rooms, and lierc ladiesV . can have their hair dressed in any stylo de- i ^^ '^ pleasant gt^ntleman and a prominent sired, from tlio latest Parisian fa'ncy to that | member of the society of old residents known of 400 yoars ago. Competent tonsoual artista °-^ ^''® xox^ Pioneers. be of the liiiest (|uality, will he boutrht in the English market and will lie sold strictlv on their merits, and for cash only. No bail debts will thus be contracted, to be made up from other customers. The goods will bo sold at tho most moderate i)rices consistent witli correct tvailinir. iMr. Lawson is a native of Cumberland, England, and came to Canada in 18:?!). Ho HEPHRSENTATlVr.: nrsiNRSM MRX ISO The Toro„foi(;,„rr„/ Trusfs fnn. coininiticc anil i, ■ ' -'""'' ""i. ■■ III ■■!. ».gr ^S | liiisi- li- IHtioii, 11 Iiiroc nil) ^t 11 . j.i'ssl,a.l.,.on,l, oVh;':'^;'"''':''''^''' '"",u-f.lf want H,. '""^"""O" 'i liavc we -jiiTii-),.,..! ',, ■^■^' "'"' t'oiii|,Hi,v i>^Hliy thos,, wj,., li/ve :;",'■ ''''''■•<'><- 'in.l .s,.n„.i,H,s t„ ,..ot rt n)"'""''''' |.-.,«.,-s <'<>ii.sriii(t(.(loii 1),. Mini' ' ''^^^ ^'''"''^ iin. "}T"--. ami Hon .M,n iro:r^'''''';''''''- '•^^'l-- ;;/,nian..:,..H.s)K.l,|i;;5,'''''''(;''^:'' position ' '"••^";,'ontlun,un uio all wi 1 1 i '^■"'■-'""''•. ••onnnnnit.v as shww I hu ■'""''" '" H'" fl'fir names at the 1.' u o ' 7,''*'':'^ ".'""• and '^ «".o guarantee of ts i",*^ 1, ^l''^ " ""o" i« l^'iJiiciai .siicnf,'i|i 111,,,.., ^ T. _,"""" "I'' iinn nunio of Wackbt.ni & Hod.'er Ti '"''" ""'"o of fwo years, who., M, Hnr/'""^!""*"! ^Of vwfijvu u on aJone till jsyy i;io CITY OF TORONTO, whpiiMr. C. E. Starr bought an interost, and the prt'sent firm wiisorKiiniztd. The |irciiiis- es occuiiioJ consist of ii siilistiuitiiilly built four storey and biiseniont brick .struct \iro, 30x70 feet in dimensions, wliicli is oli^'ibly looiitcid in tlio business centre of tlie city, and suilably fitted for tlio convenience of the business to wliicli it is devoted. Tiie lirni manufacture and deal in desks, oiUce. library cliiuch and school furniture, liandlinj;; and liavinji' the exclusive sale of the floods of three factories, located at Preston, Montreal, and Walkerville, and sellin;; the j^cods in plll)artsof the Dominion, tliree travellers from this liouso visit inj:; t)ie difTertnit sec^tions of tlio country. They take contracts foi' fur- nishing cjiurches with i)ews. imlpits, altars, railinj^s. etc.. and schools with desks and tables, and in the difTevont de|iiirtments do a very extended business. Amouf.; the clnuches recently fitted up by them is the I'arkdalc^ Methodist, wMii;ht others in difl'erent parts of the province. The inoods which the firm handle are nnmufactured of the very l;est material, in new and imi)roved designs, and find a ready nnirket wherever introduced. The denuind for them increases from vear to year. Of the members of I lie firm. .Mr. Ulack- burn is an American by birth, and has lived in Canada for the past t^i.!.;lit stiars. Mr. Starr is a nativi^ Canadian. Jiotli are enter- l)risin;; ;;entlemen, and are well a.nd favor- ably known; while all wbo liave business relations with the house will find it a most reliable establishment. Toronto Sfraiii Laiimff//, G. P. SiiAui'i;, Fuoi'iuirroi!, liior> Youk Sntioirr. This establishment dates its incejilion to the year IST'J, wbon it was first started by the present projirietor. The premises occii- ! l)ied, where he has been located for tlie past ! three years, and which vvereerected express- ly for laundry purpo.ses, consist of a sub- i Htantial three storey and basement brick structure, which is replete with all neccs- ; sary appliances of the latest and most ap- ' liroveil pattern piirlainiuL!; to tin' business.; All kinds of laundry work are ilone in iliei most aj)proved style and at iuodei-at(> priies, ' while fine work is a specialty. .\t\ven(\' liorse engine fninishes the motive powei-, and employment is j;iven to tweuiy-five coin|)eient luinds. The business when (list started was en rather a small scale, but as the yfiars have pass( d the trade has extend- ed and increased, and now reai'bes all parts of the city, three wa^jjjons beini? ('(instantly emiiloyed in dcliv(>rin;.; j^oods. Mr. (i. P. Sliarp(% tlie iiroprietur, is an Ennlisliman by birib, a social n-entleimui, and .in active, pusbini:; and cnlerpi-isin^; business nnin, who is thoroughly posted in laundry work and wlio persomilly suiterin- tends all the departments of his extensive establishniont. i llf'tKf quarters I'hiroiwnu licsf aura tit, J. A. LawUIK, J'lUll'lilKTOIf. OVIOU K) AND <]8 KiNd HtKKJOT East. Few cities of the size of Toronto have .so many first-cla.ss Restaurants, all of which add credit to the jilace and make a pleasiiif,' I iiniiression on the visitor. I'rominent amonp; these is the Head(|uartors European Restaurant, .1. A. Lawrie. Froprietor. on Hi & IH Kiiifi' Street R. It is live years since this Ke'itleman fir.-.t begnn cat'erin;;. and opened his linich room, and during that time ho has built up a line trade and has a very large |iatromii;e. His rooms are nicely located in Ihr busy centre of the citv, ami are on the lirst Hat above tlieKi'ounil Hoor, thus makini;- them both ipiiot. pleasant and liome-like. They are well appointed, iicatlv furnished and have a cheerful look, and here i one may ^ot th(! delicacies of the season as well as the most substantial fare, line steaks and chops bein.n' a Sjiecialty, while the ciii- : xhii' is all tliat the most fastidious could de- sire. These lunch i-ooms are conducted ex- jclusively on the Huropean plan, and courte- I oils and accommodating;- waiters are in con- I stant attendance. Jlr. Ijawrie is an enter- [ prisin.ti' n-entleman and a practical caterer, I having- made this his piirticular studv. His I restaurant is a pleasant place to visit, and those waiitiiin' o;ood "stpiaie" meals, should call at the "lieadiiuarters." Ontario I'oiiinfri/, ;!l & .•il! Pkaim, St., Gai.i.owav. Tavi.oi; & Co., luex F(ji'mi- lOUS, (SlI((KS,M)ltS T(» Co.N.NOK, WlJIll! & Co.) The foundry and iron working indtistry of the country is a vely important one ami many prominent firms and individuals are engaucd in it. .\ leading eiilerprisi! in this 1 lie m Toronto, is the Ontario Fotindry. ]\h'ssis. (iailoway, Taylor I't Co., iirojiric- tors. on L'earl Stteet. This t;iilerprise dates baidi some twenty ,\eais. when it was first started under the iirm of Connor, Webb & (,'()., who carried it on until the early part of this .\(\ir. when llie\- were succeedt'd by the pvcseiit linn. The premises occupied, ciiiisist of a subslaiitial brick structure, (iOxll'O feet in dimensions and replete with all necessarv machinery and a)ipliances of the latest and must apjiroved pattern, pertaining to ';he business. The fii'iii manufacture to order nuKdiiiiery castini.>^s of every desl)& •arlv part of icded by the pied, consist , (iOxlL'O feet ill necessary e latest and liiiK to the ire to order cription and while cast- Ji's are suji- uuiuanteod. « done, ein- e competent enu'ine fu!"- nuMiiheis of ['iiterprisiiiK siiperiuteud it. TKIU'HOOF (io(H)S, PTC (uV.lu ' ""^' 131 ^^iilS?S3 siK", ronresentin- Noal \ ( L """o«'V« -»..;-. ;n J i,Sj:;,?'i;--^/:S?;„°.?,s' feet n .limensioiis and '0''cr, saloon, and other lix- tures. Write to Toionto Cabinet Co., when about to make alterations, and you will save money. Parties having any now ideas in niodel.s or ]iatterns to work out can receive valiiaiile assistance by consulting with the jiroprietor of this comiiiuiy, as siiec;ial att(!utioii is AccoiNTANTs, .'iGFiioNT .Snfi;i;T East. An important ))rofessioii in any business coininunitv is tliat of the inilili(; a(;countant and adjuster. Prominent among those en- gaged in this line of business in Toronto are Messrs. (tibbon, Ijcveratt & Co . whose well aiipointed offices are on Front Street West. These gentlemen are jiractical accountants and auditors and have been actively engaged nt the business for several years. ]\Ir. (iib- bon holds a diiiloina from the Conimissioiiers of Admiralty of London, England, before •whom he jiasscd an examination as account- ant in 1H"(0. Thev make uj) and audit mer- cantile books of all kinds, collect a<',counts, t.ake stock and issue balances iiromplly and accurately, while lire losses me luljusted and fire loss inx'estigations and arbitrations competently attended to. .Merchants wish- their books regularly iiosted and made up, will be liberally arranged with, while all business jilaced in their^hands is strictly confidential. They bave"a com|)eteiit staff of m(>n for this work and good \-aults in which all books and papers are kept each night, They are jileasant gentlemen, and thorough and jiractical accountants : and merchants and otheis having luisiness in their line .should give them a call. Iffl>-f: ■^^ •<%,>' \jr'' J^,' >l flLf mm (rillott's Powdered J.,yc for making soap, etc . and J(iillett's Washing CJrystal, which sa^■es both time and labour ; these goods ijre all mad(! in very large quantities, a car load of meal being used each week in the manu- facture of yeas! and a jiroportionate amount of hops, pOi.itoes,etc. The machin- ery used is of a special nature and does the work of 1^00 hands, and as some estimate of the amount of goods manufactured can bo niad(! when it is stated that 72.000 cakes of Royal Yeast are made daily. Their special machinery is all owned and controlled by the house. A very extended business is done, tlie goods liciiigsold in all parts of the Dominion, eight travellers being constantly emplo.yed in visiting the different sections of the coun- try. The bouse enijiloys forty hands, and three sam| lii g wagons are kept constantlv busy. Mr. William Dobie. the managerof the Toronto branch, is an energetic and en- terprising gentleman, and is thoroughly conversant with the many details of the busine.'-s which he personally superintends. It. J. IJoil "' 'i"'"". "''""''^ 'l'>voto,l to woo 1 worl-i .. ?• ^''f ''"■'•<' "■« 'itto(l„nfor .i „!;„"; °'''- '^ «ntl ■'. is f'll'lishment t /■,'■' "f^ '" ^'"'■'^ <'«- '"- all l.ancl made Sa'^SSr' ^'^"'^^ Jifirticii ar. Nntl.i.,,,. . '"^t-< lass jiiovorv fully seasoned w^"^ '-"^ *A"^ '!^^«t and most 1 ; ■"^■^t and most wood and the finest ..ualUy SI on tJio silvci • luotinii' and linen, "«"«ssF-aeSfis:s candlebrns. centre piotes l.-u,- amps, fairy lights, china cutlery are served the of '' ^le lunches that .scale, and was so unfortnnito „. V . fiverythin- in tlie irolt ,,: , ^ ^° ^"•^'^ and destroved tie Stho ' '* -'''''"r'' V'^ite,. os.s, he at once pinrhased °ew sHver'' .1 '' 134 CITY OF TOEONTO. connected ))U3iness, with The very extensive business is done. Mr. Burns, the proprietor, lived in Canada since 1817. He is a praotic^al carriage hiiild- er and personally superint(Mids all the do- tails of his extensive esti'hlisliniont. Hois widely and favorably known and is well deserviuK of the prosnerovis business which by his enterprise and activity he has built up. Adair Bros., Man'I'ka(!Ti;rkus, Import- KUS AND WhoLKSALK .roijHEUS OF Fancy Goods an'd Smam.warks. ;")'). ft?, .')!). York Street, and ()!!, !)K, Pu'er Street. The inception of this important ent(rrprise dates back some three years, wlien it was first started by the present jiro- prie t or s. who had previouslj', been for several years the same line of premise;? occu])ied are large and commodious and suit- ably fitted up for tlie convenience of the business engaged in. The stock is very fine and complete and consists of woodenware, tinware, hardware specialties and grocers' sundries, harness, whips, trunks and valises, fancy goods, small wares tobacconiiUs' sundries musical instrtiments, nition and goods, sil- .e d ware, watches, etc. These are all of first quality, have been bought in largo quantities direct from markets in Europe and America, and are sold at rock bottom prices. The trade is altogether wholesale, jobbing and retail dealers being supplied, and the goods find a ready market, teing sold in all parts of the Dominion, travellers from the house visiting the different sections of the country. Since tlie inception of the enterprise it has met with the most marked suc- cess, the trade steadily in- ^creasinp fi-om year to year. 'The individual members of the firm are James and Thomas Adair, young, act- ive and energetic gentlemen, enterprising and pushing business men, and widely and favorably known. Wm. Mf'DoiimU, Fine Guns. Fisiiino Tackle, Base Ball Goods, &c., 81 YoNctE Street. Many and marked have been tlio iniprov- pi'ovements in fire arms within the iiast fifty years, and tb.o broocb loader of to-diy seeijns to bo perfection itself to which notii- ing further can be added to imi)rove either its beauty or efficiency. The manufaturor and dealer in guns must be an export, or his goods are worse tlian useless. A prominent notions, stationery, (cigars a specialty,) guns, ammu sporting v e r p 1 a t j e w e 1 e r y, clocks, fine cutlery dealer in this class of goods as well as spoi'tsmon's outfits generally, is Mr. W. McDowall, whose extensive estahlisiimont is on Yonge Street. le isl ton .yours since this gentleman lirst started this enterprise, and (luring that time on account of the superior (|uality of ilie goods kept in stock, ho lias built up a largo and stk>>.(W^':^^S«?/ •:!: Wi' '■>''<■ f ~~V^'X~-e'^£S^--.rT^-r- r, INOIA RUBBER ^5^ ..,.„ OJ^EVERV DESc«44Vo$?. '.r ' Tl^is is a .comparative! V i.uin,ic lieen inc.n-porated '"'"l"iM.apitalof§:!oo,OW THAOEM/IHic\V:.- H.DVJVARREN, «3'':fe: =™Kj;; ."uw Coiii;,anv, 111 I.SS7 witli',; 'lid lia.s from the til. ireatsm!;.;i;;;'oS'}V;^fic inanaKement the decree due "" <-onwauy Jh ]„ ,,o snmll '*»'. •funics'' lint,.! ^ir •sintahle hotel a.conn.wit'^,'!^ ^vJ.eie to fi,„l is : I» Mh. eye,, o srraniV'""';;''"" «f '^ :''^ ' iMi'iiihcrv siiiu-imr ,„-, „ ' ^ '^'^' -Hawley & -isfacti.;,. tL'ti"^.^"^ ^"« '« ^iveevei^^s* J^tv.. H.en in possesion %„jj';^^ Kentlcirien pt tiie [ne.sent vear • H,,., „ "^ '"'"' J"no eiiil iiidusti'ies of fi,,. „;, , • I'onsid.Mation: a.s \t\ l^.] /' '"JT'^" ^^I'^'^ia 120 to ir,r, \\4s lo 1 1 V'^ '''^'^'l' "' ^'°'^ are very laio,. • „,i T^"-'^'''^""'^ (i'arkdal,.) api.liance.s for cond, c ,"Vl ' V""' ""''''.v and '■oiisist.s ii, nrn , (' V -^ '''' ''''■''''''■'^■-<- Thi.s Hed Strip jviui^t;;^;!;;;:^,,^'"-'''!' Zi -.;^aforhLidiii^^'1,--,..^,^. Mr.l,awan.enisp,.«;,,,,,„,,,^^^ --, and c. T^^^^sz^X^r ' F^^^-'^''^'^i^-"'^£^;or^ ^^^'" '-"' ".'^""sions, and of p e '•»«,, i^^' ^'^^^ '» '»'" f'K", and i.s conve eu tol i''rf"'«J de- l>oats, and at the sa ,p f ; ' '"*''' ^^"'s and •less part of the ,'i "t ," n"'"'', ^° *''° '""^'■- Kon„„„r....._. , ,'".)• ^^'L' hou.se ha.srecentlvr i:ji; CITY OF TORONTO. ern convenicnco and is well drainod and ventilated. On the Ki'onntl lioor are the olHi'es, imrlors, smoking room, diiiinu; room and a well-fiiuiiiiied inir. On tlii' tlat above are the ladies' parlor.s ; while the rest of the house is devoted to sleeping apart nienls, of vvlijih there iire lifty rooms, all comfortably and elet;antly furnished. The table is always lilierally supplied with the best that tiie market affords and is served by comiietent and courteous assistants. The house runs full all the year round and the proprietors well deserve the siu'cess attend- uiK their well-directed efforts. 'I'he proprietors, Mr. .Joe Hawley and W. R. Meuiberv, are jdeasant and sociable utiu- tlemcn, look closely after the comfort of the Kuestb', are widely known and jiopular hosti^, who make their putrons feel at home ; whili- to travellers the house specially com- mends itself as beinjj; almost attached to the , dojiot ; there is no hack fare to lie paid, nor | is there any fear of missini; a train. Williain liiirs. Cauimcntiou, Ui.ildeu, .\M) GkNKIJ.VI, JOUIIEU, \W AUKLAIDE j Siki;i:t Wiost. In a large and Krowing city like Toronto, the business of the bu Ider and contractor is an impo 'taut one, and many leadin;;- indi- viduals and lirnis aiu connected with it. A well-kmswn builder of this city is Mr. William lieeis who. for the jiast (iiuht years has ijeiM) cnrryiu!^ on a business of this kind, and since ISS) has bei'u in his present loca- lion. This i;entleman is a cnrpenter, builder ml L;enerai jobber, erccti;rv buildings of Coulter A- CimipbcU, Coi-i-kusmitiis and Bka.ss Foi;ni)i;us. Spi.nnioks. Manifac- TIKKKS OK DlSTII.MilUtV. BltlCWIOlt V, Co.NFIOCTIONKKV, OaNNIOHS,' V'Alt.NI.SII a,\1) Boat Work, CoRXKit oi' Oiioitdii A.M) HlUTAlN StKKKTS. This enterprise was started in IKSO, by the present ))roprietors in a one-storey build- ing on .larvis Street, and from a small begin- niuK has grown to one of very larg»^ propsr- tions, the lirm being compelled, for want of room, to erect a new foundry and works at the corner of (ieorge and Britain ,Streets, These promises consist of a substantially built four storev and ba.sement structure. s'^iiiiii ▼E '"Verv description, business blocks , halls, fac- '^orios, warelious(!s, churches, school houses ; or private dwellings, employing only tirst- class mechanics and doing the most satisfac- i torv work. He nuikes a specially of repair- iu'i and relit ling old houses, oHices, etc.. j and since iie lias been located here has es- tablished a large and jirosperous busines.s, ! which steadily increases and extends from ; year to year. Jle also manufactures .lohn- son's Dominion weather slips, while jobbing work is promptly attended to and estimates i given for all kin'ds of work. Ten competent niechanirs are given steady employment, Mr. Beers is an Englishman by birth, anil learned his trade thoroughly and well before j leaving his native land. Ho is an intollgent j and enterprising gentleman ansi a thorougly pructigal builder, ' ;l'ixl.'!;! feet in dimensions, and arc fitted up with the latest improveil nnichinery and appliances, the cost of the entire outfit being in I he neighborhood of ?i!'iU,lJtO. The goods manufactured consist of brew- ers', distillers' sugar refiners', confectioners', varnish, dyers' and marine ('opper work while fitiingsandiiropeller wheels of all sizes aie a specialty. l''rom twenty-five to thirty competent and skilled mechanics are given steady emidoy- ment, and the work of the foundry goes to all parts of tiie Dominion, from Halifax to Vancouver, The firm is prepareil to under- take contracts for all kinds of copper and lirass work and all ordeis will le iiromptly attended to antl satisfaction s^uaranteed. while the chai'ges will be found moderate, the motto of the firm being "' Good work a; rea.sonable prices," The individual members of the firm are W, Coulter, who is a Canadian and city born, first seeing the light in Toronto, and fS. K. Campbell, an Englislinian. They are active and enterprising gentle- men, thoroughly practical mechanics, and enjoy the coniidence of the entire com- munity. riio work 'itild ill rho 1 the world i.s civilization c ries of Europ stutuaiy, wli ed advance ii fested by it, inonuineiiral coniieided wi •ind a leader i " Oullurt, wl fjund at rli(> ,. Streets. This the art being fatlier and grl J-'d tiie same brother.ssimil; •It .sculprure in lork wliere Ji yeai-s on some - in Greenwood then coming to iii bu.siness liei Self to mo lume whicli are new, inghad years ol lias al.so an ii SMITHS AND . MANlFAt;- BltKWKUV, ' V'aumsii »1' (jrlCOltdlO ill IKSC, hy itorev biiild- siaall bej;iii- u^t' lno|i«r- for want of 11(1 works at Streets, iilistaiitially t structure. arc fitted up iliiiiery and ! ouilit beiny ist of lirevv- infectioners", o|)|ii'r work Is of all sizes inietent and ady enijiloy- iidrv lioes to Halifax to etl to uiider- GO|)|)er and 1,0 promptly j^uaianteed, d moderate, Joo iirm are W, d city born, o, and S. li, isinf? gentle- '.haiiics, and entire com- 18ft CITY OF TORONTO nil onlcrs wltli ii lailliliil lin)ni|itii('ss :iii(l (lcs|iiilcli. His assistunl.s iilso distrilxiti^ proni'iuiiiiu's, oti'. W'iicn lin Mist ('OIUIIICUCImI illlsilU'SS, tlicrc \V(MV not ;tili()\(.' ri(),(X)() |i(' ]|)lo in Toronto, liut as tlii^ I'ity liiis ini'iciiscil in size, his Imsincss liiis f^rowi. witli il, iind his cusloniiTS iiro now- very ntiiiH'rous. iN'o fuc ' is hcitcr known iiroiind li'^;iil i;n(l iiuMic ollicos tliiiii hir . I'tTSdnully he is t\n i ffiiltlc iinil |)l('iis;uit Imsiness niiui to ili'iil with, is thoi'otifi'lily jiusl- I'll in i'o;;!ii-(l to the kiuil of wofk ill wliicli li(^ has liceii eiiLcaiieil now oviT tliirty-lhree vciirs. iind those in need of aiivthiiiK i" llii^i li'ii' will.cdii- siilt theirhest interests by n'iv- iiiii' liiiu a call. JIcHi-i/ ,f,ir/,iiiaii, CiTV I 11,1, I(jiri;i{. 'M Ei)\v.\i;i» SiitioKT. A (iiiie', though iiii|ioriaiit business, is that Carrie 1 on l)y .Mr. lle.iry Juekiiian. tiie City Jiill I'oster. This j;cnl leiuaii was Ikjiu ill Itevoiisliire. I'liinlaiid. and came to Can- ada in ISi!, At that time steam vessels were nor rseij to any n'reat e.xtenl. and .Mr. Ja.ckman and his I'amil.s' were nine weid>• a number of able assistants, he Jitlends to nearl.v all the city work of this kind, notices of election, by-laws, pniilic mecfinus. theatrical per- fiirniaiices, circuses and ;nicti(,)n sales — in short any displaye 1 adxertisiiiij;- wliicdi at- tracts attention on billboanls aliotr the city is pri'tty s'lvi' to be doni' b\- bim, M'.v .lack- man owns liisown boards and lioardin^s. has thcin set up in the most conspicuous iiosi- tions in all j)arts of tlio city and attends to , SN'is-i St((t u iMiiiith-if. Ai,i,K.\ JIa.ni- i'.\("n'ui.N;i Ci)., I'lioi'itiirroKS, V2 .vnd U JoKDAN SritKi'.T. ToiKiNTo.— Tki.i;- I'lioNii VICO. Aktkk Oi'I-ickHouus '.MCO. Very marked imidovements liave lieen made in the way of laundry work witliin the i)ast few years, new niacliineiy boinji!; introduced that will not tear or injure the clotliiny;, and cliomicals not now bo.nj;; used iniemovetlie dirt. 'J'lie largest estaiilisli- ment of this kind, not only in Toronto, but in the Dominion, and wjiich does a larfiisr trade than any similar institution in Can- ada is the Swiss .Steam Laundry, wliose ex- t(^nsi\(' establishment is on .ionbin Street wlieie it occupies a substantial tlirec storey and haseinent liriidv struct uie. This Coni- |)any makes a iioiiit of seeinj:; (>very new niacliine invented for doinj; laundry work, and if considered an improvement, the old iiKicliiner\' is dispo.sed of and the new adopt- ed. A number of those new machines for botli wasliiiifi and iroiiinjj;of very recent in- vention, and well adapted to the work re- iiuired of tlieiu have been set up in their priMui.ses this season and the com|iaiiv now f^fiaranteos tliat any work laundered bj" them will not be torn or injured, and that no chloride of lime will be used. Tlie Com- pany have vmiLsuivl facilities for laundrying til hie iatuly of rcct pQ.sitio ant wf possihl niaiiiie niineiit toiiiers sock.s d tlioin J) jiany, v iarf>;e In i»K re clotlies, coats, (> liroliiptl ployniei hor.so e whiJo oi oliico al woods, w In addi branch c of the loi ilioso an The ente iHHo.and Vor\- Uivfi Tiio umu, awake iv who look laundry. li fare. AllfH M l,AU,S IM'.V.N- Ll.Mo.v, 1Jn'|)eh WEAK, liO.N'TO. Amonp; I t^'ty is tiie A W, A lit factory is uii.sos cons brick Imild which'' are necessary m cessfuliv Qf s done, the 1 Mam- ANIi REPRESKNTATIVKBUSINESHMEN. tiililo cloths, )iit()kin.s slieiits ..t.. i • iSiilipii I'lu^niGiit IS triven tn !K'. i....,l i . . liorso oii.'i,,,. sim> W.w f '^''""' " "'''f.V _ 135) --11^- visit „.o cii.o..„rSir?o/r "■is city foi wd, !";:!''■' '1^' Co,„,,a„^. „(• in i)nsi,,tvssf,,h ,'•'"'"• . "'' ""'■" ■^f''''f'''l f>'on( raiik n o, ' '• ","'' "' °"''' f°°'^ '^ Ho U „ 1 • ^ '"' ""''i'^t''i<-'.s of tliocitv IN-'AXTS- Ha- s \ vn^Hf' ^^'" ^ '''■'•^"'^. ^«4>6;^ wlucl,^ are coUden ?y\\\.!^ 1 ;;"v!'H'°"ti Coiiipiiliy 1)1111111- factuiv .sJiiits. ' collars and (-u/l's, ladies' vvrapiiers infants' hats and jonnots, I,al,y linen, infants' >w'^-, aiid cdiii- dren s and ladies underwear. In i these a very ex- tensive bu'sinss ' )«'-oaho„' 1S2() Ho 'e .11 •"■'/''''/' -^ «°""'"«- was soon ol.hM-ed to nmV f^ ^^f*'^^' '"'t mndious ,,ua,.rf "s Tr.^^ V° "'"''^ ''O'n- '.''^'■ctof Jus handiwor It •^^°"',"«' the liand the new nm ; ' V i ' "°''' '"'« "n inKs and Freed oi'lou' "nd s?""^-^' ';V"J- l«nylMiildinas as w I .. '^'ivin-s Coin- loss conspi,.'^;,;"^;^^!^" ^ -nany sMiaJler and "-nsivei;usinoss°h'i„..o ?''" " ^''''•^ "•^- "ompotent and'^l^S SZ^V ■'''' J'l'actical painter himself' rsfnIln'N ", '' 'jusaiess iiKinv v«..,. . followed the ■7;.t';;LS;;"'^^:"';r"''- "-'■ I'^STlMATKS (llvi.-v /.v, . ;^'T^''M>IOI) TO, Ai-iwj,;. vrmv ' Op f '"''' ^""•'' ^^'""x "v ^l^i^'-b:iMK>NKigo"li;^;' '"'"^^i-"- Ont. ofm^'ji;^S^^an^'i^°r:r^''^'^'^-"' x;;^r^'--'!^'^'-iaii^rt./;r";^.--'y ^— -^^ •-m,:MVl3 uiisinss « clone, the house being the loading one in ard Foundry Com,; .V ' \' '°", ^"l" '^f""^!- l>i-oprietoivs, 19-^"^ CenV.n 'i'i^'' *' ^^""^11 f I'ey have suitable indpn,"" ?.'''«'^^ ^vhero well fitted up vSi a 1 ;'''"^'°['.'^ uuarters, eonveniencei for ^si^i^,;^'-^ -^ 140 CITY OP TOnONTO, llin liusitii'ss. 'I'licso (jfPntloinon mamifiiiauro nvcry (li'sci-iiitloii of Hiiililcis', I'hiiiiht'r.s', liiiidwiuo. Si'liool (iiiil Cliuicli soat (-'astiiniH iind CicstiiiKS of all kinds, \vliil(\ limiiiiin is n spcfialfy, and all onlors sent in arc protiipt- l,V ai tended to. The work done is all (irst vlass and altliouiili tin; foundry lius boon in operation liut a littli^ more tliaii a your, (i liiino, llotiiisiiiii^i; and steailily incroasinK trade has been alieadv esliililislied. The ineiiihc IS of the tirni are pnshinK and «'neij;etic ;;i'iii leinen, and t horoiiuhl^- practi- cal in their (lepartnieiits. They personally ;i!iperinteiid all work that is done in their (■stahlishnieiit. and guarantee satisfaction in all cases. They employ from 1:.' to 11 cc)in- pi'tent iind skilled workmen daily, witli <'very jirospect of an enhirn'iit'iif of the con- cern in the near future. Oiirrn (ill/ lAvifii. Hack. Cot I'l; & Ho.MiDiNii ,Sr,\ni,i:s. \1\) t^iioi'.N Sr., Wk.st, oiM'osiTio Till'; AvK., Rdhkkt EwiNd, Piioi'. Tklephone.'J').'!. This is one of tlio best appointed and most "ixiliular liverv iiiul hoarding stables in the lying drivor.s in livery when rei|uired. He Jurnishos hor.ses and carriages for all jnir- •jiosos, either for [deasure or business, while the jiriees charged aro moderate. Special ;i( tentiun is given to boarding horses, and they receive every care and attention en the most reasonable terms. The enter- jji'ise has from the start, met with marked lyniiiim Uornnhuiv, BLAvJKSMirii Ii<).Ml)AUU StIIKKT. Much interest has been taken in the black- smit rade within I ho past few years, and tiie most skilful workman has been awarded prizes at competitive trials of skill and speed that have been arranged at JDo- troit. and other places. One of the oldest establishments of this kind in Toronto, is tliat condii(!ted by Mr. William Horiishaw on Lombard Stre(>t. It was in IHi;) that this enterprise was lirst started by Mr. William Hornshow. father of the pie.seiit jiropriotor, who conducted it for twenty years, since which time lii.s son has been carrying it on. The premisea are liOxHO feet in dimensions and suitably fitted up with two forges, and all necessar.v tools and ajipliances for sin - cessfully carrying on the ousiness, which consists of general blacksmithing in all its bran(dies (exc(>pt hor.se shoeing) while build- er's work and ornamental iron work is made a siiocialty. Two competent workmen aro Lrivon steady omployineiit. A largo and flourishing business is done, whi(di is stead- ily increasing and extending, while Mi-. Hornshaw, who is a practical blacksmith, having been working at it for moio than thirty years, personally looks after all de- tails, anil guarantees satisfaction in every particular. Iletn'if .StaiiK-n, lluiisic Siioeh, HtxTiNd "^MOKs AM) Hacimi Pi.ates ai.w.ws o.\ Hand. Ckntkai. Siioioinu Foiidi;. !• Siii.i-i'AKU iS-r., ni;ak Adelaiuio, Ujatk tjti yiCKEN Sr. W., TORO.NTO. Within the past quarter of a centur.\-, mucli improvement has been made in the manner of horseshoeing, the aim now being to drive the shoe so that it will benefit the horse's foot, and cure any disease or ailments that may affect it, whereby formerly, the great object was to shoe the horse.as seldom as possible, and unless a smith could make a shoe stay on from four to six or seven or eight months, he was, in the popular esti- mation, of very little account. Prominently connected in this business in Toronto, is Mr. Henry Staines, of the Cen- tral Shoeing Forge on Sheppard Street. Who has had Ontario V'eterinary College work for 15 years. It is fifteen years since this gentleman lirst opene I a shop for him.self on Queen Street, where he continued till the early j art of this year, since whicji time he has been in nis present location. Thejiremiscs occupied are built of brick, and are 25x100 feet in dimensions. Hero are four forges and nil nerossii •six skil inent. lion to httntoi> bran(;h( is stead an Kiig, 111 the ( .vears in o.viiort h tion in />otnin D. Si. AND 1 IIoKN I'in.\( Atik Much t. slioeing I tor of a (• could mi that was to the off foot. No look aftei aii.y ailm the hoof. horse sho( whose w( HichmoiH since this ness for hi time, V tin built lip. The pre dimension: Hero are tl and apjilia the busine employed, approved p attended t and racing Mr. Selw been in Ca oughly pra trade befort worked at i Joseph S AND YaR Dkawkr Brukkh liO.NTO. This imi)0 was first a years ago b, since been c( cently his tv t be business, stantial thre feet in dimei and fitted up chinery forsi ness. This woollen shir REP RESENTATIVE BUSINESSMEN. 141 six sLnPV''°'\'"'" '^I'l'"'""-"^. HM.l twn to "..iters u,..l vmovs, an,l in .h,.'o vis "■'i..olu.s .loosu tl„u,ishinK l.n.si.wss. I 'h '. Knul,s.„.a.. l.y birth, lo«.'n,.l I is t nu ' ANI. UACiN,, «„,„.;s .,..\VAVS (,.N A\h I'in.N. 1,...,.; AM) A.... WOUK I'.I.N,:-. V . Attioni.ioi, to. '^ Much greater interest is taken in horse- shooing now than in former voars. A , ar- 1 orofa,,.„tu._y ,.^;o, it was th.3 n a\ o cpiiM make the shoo stav on the UmV'^t th.jt,was,he best sn.ith, withou rofcn«. ' foot nJwS" '"'«''^^'^ve on the horse'.s ,^ foot. Now, hpwe/er, it is the foot tha- we look af or, and tlir, shoe so put on as to o, re u.y ailinent.s or .lefeots that ina" oxi.stTn be lioof. Jroininently connected wit ].o.-sesho,.,nf,r in this city is Mr, Jj. .Solwav vboso woll-u|,|,ointed shoj> is at .\o, lO.J U.cli.nond Stroot West. It is ten v'oars ..o'isV, ''r •"■°''Vr'''''''' :''"'' '^ominenoe.l bu.si- )c'ss for hunsolf ,n the city, and since tluit buift'u,!?""'"'* ^'■°"'"^' l>usine.ss has been Tlio pronii.sos occui.ied are 25 x 7r> feet in dimensions and sui)stantially built of briok Here are three forges and all nocessarv tools H.id apijha.ices for sucoe.ssfidly .onductim.' tbe busines.s. Only lirst-cla.ss workme.i e o.nployecl. an.i horses are shod on the ,0^^ ai.proved princj,,le, and all work is prom, th' attended to. while the shooing of 'S;^^ I and racuiK horses is made a .specialty ^ b<;en ,11 Canada since IHtiy. He i« a thor- oughly practical liorso-shoer, learned the t.ade before leaving the old country and has worked at it ever since. ively, biiyiiiK the raw material fi-m,, n fari.iers and dealers in woo as w. r ' ..r.Kivon steady 01,1 .loy-ment':"''' '"""'^ vea,^s T |.' . '"""' '".^ ""'"la formanv Ibus ness 4 " ,„"'""f,""'^ '""' \^^^>^^^-^ni, |£a;:^n^i'i^;:;U^^ conv^e.iieiTlvk e ; '' "r*' ^^''^ '^"">'«t ment o t is ki ''t' '^ '"°'^' •■stablish- i^iveryamna-i-^-'^thonu^ Joseph Sii,tj,son, Tokonto K.viTriNii i UUAWKKS, HOSIKHY ANU YAKN.S, CoU OF tJEUKKl,EV AND FllONT StUKETS To- KO.NTO. i, -lo This important manufacturing enterprise was tirst started more than twenty- five .years ago by Mr. Josepl, Simpson, and lias ' since been conducted by him alone, until ro- ' cently his two sons liavo been associated in '' 1 be business. The premises consist of a sub- ' stantial three storey brick building 50 x ir)0 feet in (liniRnsJrina wl.;ni. {c. r,,ii,. _ , . ; and fitted up-with' the hUest imliVo;'ed';i;a" chinery for sue; ossf ully carrying on the busi- ness I his liouso manufactures knitted woollen shirts and drawers almost excius- iih) proprietor, on York Stroot \f ; t than two years sin,.,. , I-.. , ^^ '•'^ 'fss ; in bu.ine.ss heiV ,"u '"'«"'"'«"'"» started lartre an.l «, • i • ^''"^ ''^hort time a lar«e and co.un ilio '• i^vvei'r'J'''*^'' . '"r of horses, and a n mho if ' •'* " *'l'^- «'"'' lets to those desirim f[ '"''''■^ ,^^'''ich he clriyers when reuidrol ^ tV'^'"'i burnishing for all .•urnoses ehh«,.', •i-''^"'' ''? f">'nishe.s '"•e in constant a tend nco Id T^IT department a very extensi^f^ and ,n this hor~om boj'-i. '"'" '■°»""'"l with Hi WEST TORONTO JUNCTION, WKST TORDN'ro .UJNCTION. If Olio sIiomIiI I'Xiuniiii' limps of ilio Cmiiuy of York |iiililishc 1 only ■^(•vcm yiviv mjj;o, he would look in viiiii for I lin iuuiK! wliich heads this iiiHidf. Hi' would hco ihi- HiiinhiM lload, tlio old tiino stiimi route hntwi'en Toronto iviul London, but liotwoon Toronto and till' \'illa«i' of tJarlton iiotliiuK would appciir on tin' map to indicate any si't tlomcnt in that loc.nlity whatever. Anil, in trtiih, until within tho past few years there wan no s(!tt lenient -nolhiiiii hut unhroken expanse of woodhind and lields. A few dnt.s upon the map iui(.{ht, inilicate the location of the ("arlinn Race I'ouise, on the opposite Hide of Dumlas Street from tin' \ illaKC of Carlton, hut not many at that time dreamed tlwvt the .spot and it.s neiKhhorhnod was one day to heroine tho site of one of tho most vigorous and rapidly urowiiiK towns which Canada has ever seen. Its locality is a^ wril known now as 'hat of the City of Toronto itself. It may he reached hy a drive of only live miles from tho very heaii of Toronto, westward alon^ Queen and It.indas Sweets; and when one approaches it in this way, attention caiino't fail to be directed to its naturally beautiful .situation, elevated as it is ahoye the couiitrv to the .sot uh and east, and hi 'iuK for its southern boundary the deli;;htful pleasure grounds of High Park, across which blow tlie .inviKoratinK and licalth-oivinn breo/.os of Lake Ontario. Contly undulating- for the most part, with liere and there piclure.sque vavinos, it seems a .spo; which the wealthy citizen would select aiM.veall ..ihers in the nei)j;hbourhood ofTor.nto for hi.s suburban villa. Jfany such have indeed been laiili wit'iin the few years <>! 'iiinicipa! !if(- which (bis j^vri^iperous yomi- ■o^^iI euj: bu:i:;i ; ver what will most .strike the sr lander's eye is the number of larjre factories, busy workshiDp.s iind thriviuK business establishments he finds here, and the hum and bustle which seem to characterize tlie whole phue. and t( of itM I ' Al Canad aiiiiuiii of the ( for i( « b.- tho ,. 'i'iio fa, eyes of, ■such i\x.i country iinnien.s I" it Su; Northori a')o\ V a' th) i'lK'i It was rec'ij,'iji/,ed. Clt-nde an i an endeivo of the IK w I of the new 1 but Mr. Clei and wt!rKKSLXTATIVE BUSlNRss Men. ,,, About ;tl....,i„u. of ,1k. .on.ile J ,; r"'"^ of the Ontario .livislon of the, aa,| Ti." ',:"'*" ''"'" "'" «'' ' -l'"ir works).' ''"•> f-;'- .l.ur ,1.,... o,|..,.. mih.vavaLrJ ;'"''" "' "'" "'""'"•^^^•■^ "f ""• ••"ilw'.v I'Vcs of iw.n.in ...1 ■' '""" |m.-.s(Ml tlii.s no III .•..,„i,..«;..i :. __ . . . •* • .T.'.or,,,.o,lowhor.«anUMl,|H.f,,,;Hv,,„,a™^^ '" '"'"" '•""''"■•"'• '^ certain i„ .i,, -"'' "X.:,.l„..u sl.i„„i„, f„,i,;„..s nu I . ; X'<"''' '""" '''" ^''"' '" '"""*^ "" " '' '- !^""'"0- Tlu, „.„i„ li.u. of ,1,„ (;/a, ,1 Vn L i T "'"""''^•^"""'K- imlu.-U.it; of re """"•"■"^- 'uva of.,ountrv..ov,.n.,l l,v is , , , "", ^'^'^'"^'v. ro.uaMUiou over , e ^; i' No:nl. W..ton, Ontario, a . ]' , .t >?:?/ '"''"■";■ '."'" ^'■■'"'" Vali.,v Hran.h ... -Wliorn ..onnt,v. i-u^luilin.. tM ,.o .'on I* ''-' '''-'""o ('n,- an,l li,„J , ';-u.u;,Cana.la-s ,,.,.. n,uional ^w vs oS if""'""" '''^^ -V'"" -- J <'l^-l" aa and others as.ocia,,.! wit , ^ Tl^^ / " '"'" '""'«'" "" ''>• ^I^' '>• W "" '■"'''■'-'•■■ '-•'■ 'o inron.s, Ton., o ^,^^7^ '' uH ,"'""'"'"^ T'"^'^ '^^"' ^'^^ -"' of rho new location as a town si„. 1, se n ..1 ■ r ^''■^'=nj,t.on^ of th. a.Iva.itaKes •.-•^M.-. (;in„lenanan,l Ins asso,.i,.,..s w^ "^ "'':t '^'."''^^ ^^ «-''i'e pnhlic intn-.^^^ ' I'o C inuh.nau osiato. and ,..„1,- in l,s.K| , ho l.^s, s, ih ^ 1 ■ "''"""" °" '*""''"'^ '^"e"' on «'0'."0,f n. tlH. .Inn.tion with Ottawa in a | • ,' ' j;; "^"7 ?' ' \'^" >"""■'""»J. and the year •ifler it was formed into a town by Act of tlie D(i^Mslature. Mr. D. VN . ( lendcMuin, who had ably fullilled the duties of Ueeve of the Village, was elected the lirst Mayor. Fi\e Wirds were establishcl and !t wo Councillors idocted for each Ward. The p e>eiit M nor U Ml- (! I St Leu'cr, and the Councillors tor the year are; for Ward No. I, i' iVeydei. T (idiies-; wTir 1 •->, W. Pears, W. H, Millicliamo ; Ward ;t P. Laimliton. J, IS. IJruce; Ward I. !'• Fllis. Dr. Carleton ; W anl a. ,1. D. Spears, .las. JSond. The town to-day as ollicially constitute', covers about thirteen liundred acres of e:r..iinr the tr ick of tli • Canadian Pacilic KaiUvay at Keele street and Weston Jioad. 'I wo of the principal street. a;v block pave.l. A coniprehen.sive .system of sewerage is •ibout to becomnieiiced, and will, it is expected, becompleled next yi^ar. I he Waterworks svstem comnleled in August, IMSlt, has been pronounced the most perfect in Ontario. 'I'wo tiiie lire balls are noiv in course of erection, das is su|)plied by the Consumers' (!as C'omjiany of Toronto. Tho'little Town already boasts .seven hotels, and as many cliundies ; six factories. liveplaniiiK' mills, and i wo'news|.apeis -the Y..UK Tki;u N.o and the Ccmht. A branch oi lie MoNons Ibiiikis esiablished here, it has al.so a lii^h school, a cin.I nil school and two w'lrd s liools \lio-T T,»K1INId with mmdi care, and are sold at moderate prices. liepairiiifi' is promptly at tended to ; this depart melil of the business beiiin made a siieciiiliy, and is persoiially sii| eriniended by Mr. llepinstall. who has bad more than thirty years practical experience as a re- jutiivr cf tiiie -,rade watrhes, and aaliafac- lion is uuaranleed in all cases. Mr. Hepinstall is a Canadiiin by birth, an intellinont and pleasant nenilenian, and is lij^hly estct'dned in tlie community. Ilooi'cr .Mo\i.)v, I UONTO The rea sonied in I of lloovei finely liii( a.Ueiicy in lirst starle tor.s, M,.. I tliis line el from tlie T, Ki'ailualed Kontleineii real estate oilglily post .sections, .'in lending pii for invest 111 alile list fi'o wdio have Ik to consult t known llrit and Liv(>rp(i ance Com pa: and the .Sin liilo Insuraii money, and Pormantnit niortpigcs ai "KPRE.SENTATrVE HUSfXESS :m e X M.-i ^(f HTYK ""T" w-ni" Ifoon-,- ,V .far/,. son, u,u l\r, »o;Sur:i„™S;;:,;;;;r~-,.;XK:l^,;T- ;••. t- i.^v;"\,'',;;'i:", "■'"»'■"'- Wlic) l„ivi- vrs m- \,„^ , Vi '. . ' ''"^'' 1" .o.is,,!, ,1, ■, , ' i " "'■" "■'' ''" "■'■" tnmv,, Miiii.lA,,,, ..,„"'; ■"'■'," 'l|V "■'■ll- ;;";;v,:"".:i;rr'-j'ii:j/™'"'™^''v,.l;i™;: .».-«■"«» .,c„„,!;„',r,;s„l;:i,"i';o'„i";,';,'.' llci'o.ssiirv- rli>l.i>c 1 1 wlndMlM.van.] ,j |\/r''^ ""Wuu/.mI, i„ I li"a.l(HNni;.rs s ,,^ ■ .""';"'"''''• =""! "I'o.so ^•''''n(^, of s, , , • "''''W^VA'.nl will, |irovi,l,.,| •",, •''• "'""'• «•''■■. Iifis i„,.i, iisl( ,,; ■ "'■■" "'"'•^' f'"'ili'v i^ fir in^'::n:;'%,i'x;yt'tJr /"-v"-"'^- ""'«'i"K .11 k Is of ,'"'",' '!""l"i'i<.n Mlllli;' H iliiilv (. Iili,> , "I ' ^''- """■ '••<- 11 <:r.;iih.l,l.' ,,.,T ■;;!;. ''''-^.I'-'I'-'i- l"vs..,„,s l■"«MlKa,,,l„.|i,,|,|,.^l„;i';s■,,;;:,;"■'■■'■■'|■''■- IW WEST TORONTO JUNCTION. rmitif Mavhet, Con. Pacumi Avknik AMI Di-\n\s Stkkkt. Wicst Toiwnto JWCTIUN, J. & .1. WOOMJNI.S WllOLK- .SAI.K A.V1> HkTAH. BlTCUlOKS. Few. if any industripsluivP so important ii Vxnirinj:; in onr conuncrriiil fabric as tlnit of tlie bntclior. contributinf; as lie . l(i.'>and ItiT McC.iul Street. Toronto, which lias been running since bHVL^ Their premises are situated at No. 1-M Diuidas Street west, where they have every fa'ility for Slice essfidly oonductiuK their Dnsiness. For tlie accommo(buion of their customers ; at the Junction, they kill from fi\eto six' inrfje beeves, and a proportional ntunber of calves, sheep and ho<;s each week, while at their larger house in the city they require for the same time, fifteen head of fat cattle and the usual number of sheep, ho^-s etc. Thev deliver to all parts of the town or city and orders are j)romptly and officientl\- attended to. In the two establishments, eleven competent assistants are ^ivon con- stant emijloyment, and seven horses and live wagons' are used to deliver )j;oods. These j;entlemeu are natives of England, but have lived in Canada for the past twentv vears. They are thoroughly upriglit and conscientious business men, and enjoy a good trade. Jamt's- Udfl, Fhlt ank Si.atk KoorKU : T?IM.\I, Do.VEON SlIOUT NOTRK. -•'> Df.V- uAs Stkkkt Wkst. The occupation of the roofer is one of the most im)iortant in the building trade, in fact in the constrtiction of a building de- nuinding closer attention and finer litting Ms;'.!! anvthimi »'lse on the outside of the structure. Prominently connected witli the r'Xinng business in this section, and the leadi ig one liere. is Mr. James Hall, who has lnjeu es- tablished iu this place since 1888. since which time he has built up a verv large and extensive business. This gentleman does all kinds of shite, gravel, and tile roofing in the liest possible manner, and guarantees satis- faction in everv case. Tlie slato used comes from Montreal, wliile the tile are mostlv made at Weston. None but the best (lualitv of these goods are used, and all cracked, broken, and imperfect goods are carefully sorted out. Six competent me- chanics are" given steady employment, and Mr. Hall who is a i)ractical roofer of many vears' experience, personally looks after all (let ails and carefidly inspects all work done. .\mong the noticeable buildings that have lecentK been roofed by him at the Junction, may be mentioned two fire halls for the town, the Methodist and Disciples I'hurches, Tep- piatt Block, Peake block and many others. Personallv. Mr. Hall is a Canadian by birth, a social gentleman, and an active and enterprising business man. Those wishing ■ work of tliis kind done in a prompt and sat- I isfactorv manner will consult their best in- I terests by placing their orders in his hands. //. 7'. hair A- Co.. Finaxciai, axi> Rrai. Estatk Rkokeus, Coxvkv- AX'I'.KS. KT(',. I.OANM.Nd MoNKV A Si'FCIAI.TV. Okiii K, RoOM No. 7, IX T.if;MPsox"s Block, West ToKOxrr .Ir.vcTiox, Among those prominently connected with tlie real estate and insurance business at tlie Junction, is the firm of H. T. Law & Co., on Dundas Street. Th'i inception of this enterprise dates to the early jiart of the present year, when it was started by the present firm. Mr. Law. the .senior member coming from Meaford where he had pre- viouslv been in business for twelve years. As real estate agents, they are thoroughly iiosted in regard to values of proiiertv in different sections and can advise intending imrchasers as to the best location for profit- able investment. They have also a large and valuable list of properties, both town and suburban, from which to select, while those who want to sell cannot do better than con- sult this agency. In fire insurance they represent tlie Liverpool. London and Globe, Uueeiis of England, Phu'nix of Brooklyn and citvof London, England, and in life assurance they are agents for tlie Canada life and Standard life, and for the London guarantee and accident association, lhe.se companies are all first-class, and their rates are as low as those of any other equally strong company, while all losses are prompt- ly and satisfactorily adjusted. These gentle- men buy mortgages and debentures and manage estates, while a specialty is made of loaning moiiey, which they can place at current rates on approved security and without unnecessary delay. Mr. Law, who has direct charge of the 'ouseness, is a ( ana- dian by birth, an intelligent and social gentleman, and a reliable business man. ii.i REPRESENTATIVE BUSINESS MEN n. Kulishei/, EosTON much by thectotl.es thev wear, it is & ,K r^rt:;''"lV'"'' we dress ourselveV a Sl'- iriK to the prevailing fasliion, and that fl^sh'' To'do'^fh""'^" "f '^' propel cut ad nnibn. lo do this, we must i.ationi/e first wl.o^^n^' °'' '^"d gents' furliisherf those T^ho do their work according to the newes? design, and keep abreast of The times hTre Kv tf/wi ^ ^'^'i » Pei«on is Mr. H. Ko- P^oyi"ent, and a "usiness IS at ^o. h) Dundas Street East ^'" ' ' — ' This gentleman commence,! bus ness here «ome three years ago, since which Umhp whic'ris'sZdnr^" ""^ prospeit*;' bS, He keens >r«^'^^ nicreasmg and extending, ■ae keep.s a large stock of domestic and im- ported fabrics, embracing suitings, coatin."s rowsenngs, overcoat goods, ?tc of tllp a est patterns and highest qualities from in win 1''"^' '^"^^ r^' "'•^^'•'* receive by s^ .f7i- '• l"'omptly attende.1 to. while ^ batisfaction is guaranteed in all cases He ^ a so makes hiclies' jackets, mantles and Worm"ofairV"^S^^^''^-^ '' fashion,".'' mentsmadc by him that w),e e.xhih ted t" the Centennial Exhibition in Phlffiph been b^ughtT i:;ii4u^tS:^:':^;:K;,^::^^ ployment md Xt\^ "" P^'"^" '^'^''dy em- l delivei' gook ^'"'' ""^ ^^■^'*''°" '^''^ "«ed ness experience, «" "ix jcais busi- in i87(;, he tooka'i^Kiipw;;^',.;:;!^!^^^';;/;!'- "ledal at the Toronto Exlfibit on i? 1h\4 . j? ,„Mr.KoliU^ is a native of Poi.nd .n J 'M^pUances, 'and^uTC"' :;;r';;'!:"f ^- -d ady employi Mr. Koliskey is a native of Poland -ind earned his tra.le in his native cou n- le '« a genial gentleman and a t oroL'hlv JU'actical ta or. havin.r b..e, •,' ,'°".^"'> ^If ven. years in Lond^. E gh^n. '"l^;;^;^ years ,n Boston, and seven in Cana" a • thos siti^:;jtJ'i;;;-.'!;ii,^"^«--"-«-^^ Mr. koliskey lately opened a place ot bus! •jy a ;)0 liorse power 't ROCK IKS, ~ Dl\l)A.S S. M. f'frmcns, Deai.kr in- Phovisio.n's, Fkoi'k, Etc .Strekt East. noT/it,?''"'''"'-'' ""'^ provision trad., is an im- wi fn °"« ^^''ry where, .lealingas t dol, with tiie food supply of the people l\uon^ tho.se prominent v connpcted xviVh tu?-'^ , — " dustryattheJunctionysMr^SM^i ,nT^°-^ whose store is at No. 7 Dundas Stree Kast ihis gentleman commencod businosr in the latter part of 18^9, and has al e v tu i" TL"i^!:t^^=!::'^d!:^''''^^i««teadilyi„creHsi;ri! i-.- j.i.,!T!.„n- ucuupiuu are Ik x (JO feet ili thT'^core„.-nI^r^r'^ru:^H'.'.*bly fitted up for tJiej- arede up a large tra 1-. liiese are .suitably fitted up for years and^.Tw" '''''' '" ^''-"'ada for twentv tiienc^e of the business to which ■ Jel^LTit ■ " 'boroughly going and mo- voted' The stock is yery full and Sn ''"'"' •"'"^' ^'^^ ^ P"blic spirft °d appliances, and steam engine. general wood t u^iint ci;^!.;^ "^ 7,'^ 'HKH a specialty 11 work • "'T^'^" on the siiortest BotiPo I '"''"P^, ''one ,, ,' " "I'laio inch. rough as mave desired \- ''T^'^ ?' most «kilf..i ...^-1- - ■ • N°"^ but the l48 WEST TOiaONTO JUNCl?ION. C'liaHc^ Mason, Bimck MANrFAciTUiiKU. Wkston Hoai). One of the iiic-it iiii|iortaiit industries of liny }i;rowiiiK town or city, is tlie nmniifuc- tui-c of bricks, coutrihutiuK so essentially to the iulvanceinent of the place. West Toronto Junction has many firms enKa^ed in this enterprise, in the front rank amoHK them beiuK Mr, Uluirles Mason, whose yard is on Weston Roal, where he has heenestahli.shed for the past four years, durinj; which time he has built up a lar^e trade for his bricks, which is steadily j^rowin^;. Here he has a moulding machine and all necessary appli- ances and facilities for successfully carrying on the business. A twelve horse power steam ennino is used so drive the machinery and si.\ men and three boys are given steady em- nloynient. while the annual output of bricks is 1.000,000; these find a ready market and lire sold in Toronto and at the .Funcrion. Mr. Mason is an Englishman by birth, and has lived in Canada many years ; he is a social gentlenuvn and practical brickmaker, having been engaged at this trade for the past thirty-five years. He has acquired a prominent position in the mercantile world by his own pensevering efforts. Ri!SE.\TATIVE BUSINESSMEN 141) AND Provisions, 1^02 Dcni.as ,St., Wkst Touo.VToJr.vcrio.v, the. Junction are tlu- Garrett Hros., whose aco IS at No. 202 Dundas Stie.-t \Ve° t This ,s one of the new linns .hat In.ve n- cently been established liere, stanin^^ b„s - noss intheearJy part of the piesent \ ■n- trade "ffi nr'"*-' " ^'''^'' ""i' ^Jo"»«''''in«' tl^r^' I- Pe^i'ses occupied aie 1;) x 10 feet in dimensions, one floor and the },as..- ment beinB used. The stock is fiul and complete, and the ^oods are ail fresh am P";;«-„ Here is to be found the best bm ds of hne teas and coffees, .n.re spices, can od ffOod.s in either tin or ^lass, sugars, so ps warf-nr'^i'-^?'' '"^"«hesor brooms, Voodc^l ware, provisions, country produce, t)utter eggs, potatoes etc., fine family H„i,r, oatmeal and all such articles as ai-e kept by i "s class grocers. These are all of first 'nuairtv and spices are guaranteed pure. The "oodi are sold at reasonable prices and all orders are promptly and carefully execute.l. ihe individual members of the firm aic T Garrett and W. Garrett E„.,lish bv birth ness men!"' ''"^®'"P'''«'"« '"^'^ '-eii'^l'ie busi^ Com .any has Its own black.smiths and woodworking,, shops, and with its imj)rovcd f'Tcc piimp.s ils latest styl,. of inouldiu- mar .,es and its - Rack .System " of dryimT has ,0 best .systematized and euuippod,' ;UHla. the same time the lar^.st Vaixl in' lus,se.tion._ This ,.nteri,rise dates back to the year 1KI.(, when it was first started bv fie present |,roprietors, who are Canadians '>.vbir b and enteri.risinK gentlemen, and aie tb.rou-bly practi.al brick makers, fiaviUK been coiuiected with the busine.ss since they were boys. They are j.ubl'ic spirited citizeus and take a lively interest in mumci|,al matters and tho.se things whiob lienitit tbe.oninuinity at large, while Mr. v\ illiam Pears is at present a member of the town council. Fisiriju. i.v Boor.- V Sl'K(|A|,TV. Attemiki) to, (itnf Jtnirfioii Shoe Stort', l)r.\i)As SruioET. .I.A.Mi.;s A. MaNI KACTrUKK A.NI) Dkm.kk A.M) SlIOKS. OllDKHKO WoUK itKI'AIUINd PliOMI'TLV narisvilfe ,t Caifto,,, luHh Muna- tuvtni'lnu Co., W.m. & Jas Peau.s. The neighborhood of the .runction contains excellent day land suitable for brie! -mak ,m This ,s fortunate, for in a thrivi, " com: munity like this, a ready market fo "b icks .s found, and many of our leading citi/ens are engaged in the business. Promi ent?v identified with rhis industry aVrKs f>.v/« & J^™e« f^faivs, PropVietors of tlu. Davisville and Carlton Brick . Manufacturing The.^e gentlemen have two yards, one at Davisville ju.st north of Toronto, and the other on Keelo Street, north of W ston K J^r""' '"■" f""'^' """''^1^«^1 with a 1 he late.st aiipliances for successfully carrvim-- on the business, and are known a.s li"f Sy.s em yards, on account of the impro od mo hod used in drying tbo bricks rev ous to burning them. At the Davisv-ilo yard a fifteen horse power steam c-ngine s V^-d to drive the machinery and thirty men a. d twevo teams are given steady employ „en cl^' Vrick^^T/ T '^"^ /'^ ^^'Ooo* «" - hV» L '^- ^^ ^^^ y'^r*^ on ^eclo Street e c Ts^nn r 'V'll the moulding macbinen- etc., is supplied by a thirty-! ve horse i.ow..r IJl.icl Creek and is forced m yards by one of the latest improved widely known Wort - ngt^n patent force pumps. At th.s ya• t urty men nnd twelve teams also' fid f'^'it^'VP'^y'^t'nt and .•J.OOO.OOO bricks aio 2.0 to^^«^ KT- f ^'"' ,C-""il»iny use from ^•>U to JOO ton of coal and .'WCW cords of 0000,000 bricks in all is .sold almost ex- clusively at the Junction and in Toronto and the demand is steadily iucreasiug The i Prominently identified with the boot and slioe business at the Junction, is xAIr. James A. tisbcr, who.so place is at Nos. i>(! and 27 Uiiiidas Street West. This is one of the first established stores in town, dating back tothoyear IHHl, when II was first started by t ho present proprietor, who has since that time built uji a large and jirospcrous liusi- less, which is stead- ily incrersing. le l.'i-emi.ses occupied are If. x dm.ens.ons, with workshoj, ,f Ihesoare eligibly located in .L centre of the town and '" ""^ for the coiive •'{') foot in the roar. in the business lie suitably fitted up tor the coiiveiiionco of H.n f '^ ""'^'^ "l> thev- are devoted Tlo 1 l'-'''*"'"" '° ^'''<''' care: .'uiH ,.r,....;..f„ 'i '''-"'V.'^ecl u ith much are |..f(„„^- ■ "•- moderate at ontion is given to ordered i used '''.'•1^™°""-'^" an.l i> used, while tl- l.ost ,uanuf^!;ir ; '^J^^^^J^^ hnost ,|uaJity and are sold "" prices. Spocia' work and the native stock ,., „-,,.,. „.„,,„ . . |)romptly attended to In.l.V r '■"''•'.^"•'nK <« anteed in all '.ses 'V^ ■^;^p«f'i«ot'on guar- sUilfnl «v,H-M'n' ,■ ■^' '-on'l'etent ami pio>'i;^ntai;d ;^; c;,urS'a^s^:nr '"" ui)on customers, "s.^-istant inSiiS'Sniy^iSrir"''^-''''-^'''-^"- l)ri.sing business man and maker. waits . birth, active and entor- a Jiractical shoe- 150 WEST TORONTO JUNCTION. ./. A. Bull. Caiiiiia by him. an shoeing in the mo«t approveil style. .\rr. Bull is a native ('anadian, tirst seeing the light in the same house where he now lives. He is a skilful, practical workman and is well de- serving of his bu-iness success. F. Ih'jiihm. ni'.Ai.KU i\ Dkv Ctoods. Boots AND Suor.s. Okoikriks, Pkovis- loNs. I^TC. Ilt7 WiosTO.v Road, Wkst ToiiOKTO .JlXCTlOX. The dry goods, grocery and provision trade is an important one everywhere, deal- ing as it does not onl\- wit!, the food supply. l)ut the clothing also, of the i^eople. Pi'om- inentlv connected with this imlustry at West Toronto Junction is F. Heydon, whose place is at 1!*7 WCston Road. This gentle- man commenced business in the early part of 181H). buying tlie establishment of Mr. John Ayling. who hud I'een running it for about a year. The premises occuiiied are yOx')7 feet in dimensions and suitably fitted up for the convenience of tiie business to which they aie devoted, a sepa- rate apartment in the rear being used foi- tobacco, cigars, etc. The stock is full ami Jus. A. Ellis, AitciiiTKcr Thompson Block. Di-.\das Stukkt East. With the rapid and steady advance of the . I unction, and with the continued increase in lier building operations, the pro'ession of an architect became one of primary import- ance, being one on which the first step of l)rogress is dependent. To be a good archi- tect requires years of study, i)ractical edu- cation in active service and thoroughly mechanical traning. All these requisites ore posse.sed in a high and marked degree by Mr. James A. Ellis, many evidences of whose skill are to be seen in many parts of this and other sections of the country. This gentleman has been established in this profession for the past nineteen years, but it was only in the early |iart of the present year that he opened an oHico here. He was for some years established at Port Arthur, and from that noint as his head quarters, planned many prominent buildings in different parts of the country; some were so far west as Brandon. Manitoba. He furnishes designs for all kinds of iiublic and private buildings, halls business blocks, i churches, school houses, etc.. with plans, details and specifications, and, will superin- tend the erection of same in any i)art of the country. Although he has been here so short a time, he has already built tip a large and prosperous trade having furnished the plans for three public school buildings, the Disciples church, and several i)rivate resi- dences, of which he is now superintending the erection. Mr. Elli.s is a native Canadian, and is well-known and widely respected, and those contemplating the erection of any kind of a structure cannot do better than to giue him a call. % REPRESENTATIVE BUSINESS MEN. 151 i. ■< /, Gohif/ a- If CO ton, Bakuistbhs. Somci- TOiis, No. 2 I)i;xi)As Ciiakhkks. Dinoas SiTK'n-, Wkst Tokonto .Jinction. Thou«li dealiiiK luoro iiiimcdiately witli commuiriiil pi\rsuits. it is deemed not im- iiroper ihiit in this cominoliensive work tlie ln>;al piofi'ssion should have duo lepresenta- lion. for in no small de;;rce is tlic faliric of conuiHiice hnilt upon the constitution of the huv. Anionj; the wi'll-linown and noiahle representatives of the learned profession of the law are Messrs. (SoinR & Heaton. Of these ^entliimen Mr. Goint; was horn at I.ondon, Ont. and was educated at Hell- mut'ii Collet,'e in that city : then studied law with J. H. Fraser. t^'C-, anil was called to the Ontario bar in IHSI. He then practiced at Strathrov for some years, and came to West Toroiito . I unction in 1H8«, tlie first year of its incorporation as a village, and shortly after was appointed Town Solicitor. Mr. Heaton was born at Plus Heaton in North Wales, educated at Marllioroutfh Col- l(>t,'(' and Oxford University, where ho took the de^'rceof H.A. He sul)se(iueiitly came to Canada, studied law with Mr. E, Douglas Armour. Q.(.\, Toronto ; was called to the bar in IHi^i. after which he worked for one year with Mr. D'Alton McCarthy. Upon his apiiointment lo the .Solicitorship of Molsons Bank in ISHS. He came to A\ est Toronto .Junction and entered into partner- ship with Mr. (Joiner. They possess an extensive practice. Tho.se havinj; husine.ss relations with the firm will have put their cause in most satisfactory and trustworthy hands. C. Wnf/ht Lime. Office axd Yaud — \'ixe Street. Wsst Tokoxto .Ju.nctiox. An important commercial en'erprise here, and one of recent establishment is the lum- ber, lath and shingle business of Messrs. Dane & Merry, at the ( orner of Pacific ave. and \ lie street. The Iteginning of this business dates only to the early part of the pre.seut year, but al- warranted genuine and are of tlie best iiual- ready a large and prosperous trade has been iiv Phvsician's perscriptions are carefully established, which is •^'pidily increasing co'mpoui'ided Mr Wright, who is a gradu- from month to month. The grounds occu- te of the Ontario College of Pharmacy, and ; pied by the firm, for the accommodation of member of the l^harmceutical Society of England, personally suiicrintending this de- iiartment. In additiou todrugs, this firm rarnes .i. choice selection of miscellaneous books by standard authors, stationery of all kinds, paper and envelopes by the quire, ream or box, account, pass and note books, fancy its business, are HCO x ITf) feet in dimensions, where there is a switch and siding, and all necessary facilities and accommodations for ij,,(./.f,^.cf5jiiv conductine' the pnterprise. Tho firm sells all kinds of lumber, lath, shingles, doors, sash, blinds, etc.. while a specialty is made of dres.sed and bill sf -iff. as well as all kinds of planing mill work. Building stone goods, plush goods, fancy china and toilet, and lime are extensively dealt m, and the ir)2 WKST TORONTO JUNCTION. iiiiotlinr cl«- : whcic all !»(■ kept in )e(>i. conncctcl with the house mnco t .0 early part of 18H!.. fonnorly kee?i„;. Z W el linKton Hi T.uowto. Ho is a car efuhimi oonsal,rate host and under hisab[e nm , /^c^ meur, the hotel has become a very i o uk^ ! one. firtii will in 11 short time aild partnioiit that of wood mid coal kinds, Ijotn hard and soft, will sio(!k. Tlie Koods in wliidi the coni)iiinv denl. aro bmiKlil in larf,'e quantities and are sold in all iiarts of the town and adjacint co.intrv i Four men are kIvoi, steady employment and ' (itoit,,- Itohhiso,, n,^,-,, .„ r. two teams aru used to del ver-oods. - | hM.'! riov, . )i i», ' "'\^'''" '\>"> Cox- .Mr. (ieor«o j. .Merry is a Canadian and T ,' „ '•' ^' •^"W^''""'""'" ^^• C. Dane is an Kn-lislimaii l.otli ..nterprisii,... I . .'i*- °';' *"'>''"«■ tlmt ''liroad is the staff Kcntleman with hi^h cumiiKiviai and social | , , ', l',' 'J^i' ^''1'.^, ""O, for while wo may not • ' ijc atiieto live by bread a one," wo cannot I very well ^et alon^ without it,' brnJod it slandinu. AM) !:> Dir.vi.A.s SruKKT KAsr. f^}J,?'^' 'I^O'^'nto .luiution, like all other touns and .uties, has its f..w leadinu' hotels where the travellin.^ public seem n^tundlv tOKO. Iioininent anuui- tlie.so hce. and perha,.s the only really tirst-class hotel at the .Juiiciioii. IS the Ociddental, Mr. ('has ?■ , '^•;">,i l'!'Opn«>tor. This is a substan- tially built three-store, '.^iek structure fil vl 1- foot in dnnensioiis ami of pleasin- airhi- tec.ural desij;,,. it eontaii.s tv.eiity-eioht •Kht. airy and well viitilatel bedrooms, tw,> haiidsoMU'ly furnished ladies' parlors two.sittiii- and dinin- rooms and a well- appointed othce. The di,iin--ro ,i„ is ..heor- tul and homelike and will comfortablv seat lni.\' ii-uests. The myiiu is of the best, and the bar is fully stocked with the (inest bramlsof wines liqiiers. ales, etc., and the choicest forebMi anil domestic cit>;ars. ^ The liou.se has been entirelv newK- f,ii- in>hei ilu(Piii.hout in the most modern and improved sty|o,iitted with baths, hot ami ,„d wat.u- on (>very lloor, electric^ bdls and mis ",L'''^'^ n,™'""' '""' "■ '''"'""Odious safe in the olhce. Jheentirebiiildiii.;- is heated with hot air and hot water and has the modern con- veniences. Mr. Ivelly, the proprietor, has' tlZfV.T'''- I". 's essential the that, it be of the hrst (,uality. otherwise it -•ould be with'Tbi' -'"l •"■ l^™;»in"»tly connected with th i.s industry at the Junctic is Mr. bus n s« K ' «^'"leman first commenced isii ess here, and two years later moved I into his present commodious quarters. -ilie premi.ses occupied as a sales and whiKhe l''V'''', -'^^'0 f^'^'t in dimensions uliilo the bake shoi. and oven are in an en- f eP,.oT'''"i*'' "l'"i't"'i'nt. The oven is of iHl.iestaiid most im|.roved pattern and •k;;L ''Ar'V^i-''''^ loaves of bread at a ■sSh!^-'''' «"^es, pie.; luid pastry, while . specialty ,s made of wedding cakes; and uses nothintc but tli,.bost ^-rades of Hour and ;; IH .' fii^redients. His ti^ule, coinmenci^K extende f '"^ '""'" '"•"*''-'• i"ci'eased and tVr 'n '^'"'" •>:«'"• to year, and now reach- ami ski l'f"'"i '■' °' -'"^ ^"'^"' '^^-o competent and skillful assistants are myen .steadv employment and three lu.rs'es and two %7°% T' "-^'''l 'o deliver goods. -Air. iio bin son is an Englishman by birth ^'aVs^'^ir;! '» <^'f"-'^'la for the pa.st eight yeais. He is a pleasant j^eutlemen and a thoroughly practical baker. ' "^ / ' house since riy keoiiiiiLf the « u ciiiefiirHiid SHb[() iiniiiuf;!)- 11 very populm- •:k a XI) Con- ii|.;irr W. <1 is tlio staff 10 wo limy not i>," wc ciimiot 1 hut neoil it ho that it ! it "ould bo ■ connected it is Mr. of asiness t was in commenced ater moved ,rters. sales and dimensions, e in an en- oven is of )att('rii and bread at a 1 kinds of stry, while cakes ; and 3f Hour and JmmeiicinK roased and now reach- I competent ^en steady and two I by birth past eight len, and a li: .V. :c 1,1 'i ,1 /