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 PUBLIC IM^TRUCTION 
 
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 IN CANADA. 
 
 Compiled for the Canada Directory tor 185T-S8. 
 
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 MONTREAL: 
 
 JOHN LOVELL, PRINTER, ST. NICHOLAS STREET. 
 
 1851 
 
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 NOTES AND STATISTICS 
 
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 PUBLIC INSTRUCTION 
 
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 IN CANADA 
 
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 Compiled for the Canada Directory for 185T-58. 
 
 MONTREAI^: 
 
 JOHN LOVELL, PUINTEll, ST. NICHOLAS STREET 
 
 185 7. t 
 
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PUBLIC INSTRUCTION IN CANADA. 
 
 THE EDUCATIONAL DEPARTMENT OF LOWER CANADA. 
 
 Hon. I'iKHliK J. O. CiiAlvKAl-, I.L.r>., Chief SiiiK'rliitcmlent of Pul)lic Instruction. 
 
 Iiouiii Ciinnl, Scorctnrj'. 
 
 Jow'iih licni'lr, (.'Icrli of Frt'ncli rorrcsiionili'iirc, nnil Assistant 
 
 Kditiiriif !,<' Jnui'nnl ilf I'lnstrnction rulilii|iic, 
 Juliii KntliKi-r, Clrrlc of ICiiirlisli rcirri-siinntlcnci', nnil Assistant 
 
 Kilitor of tilt- Lower Cahkdii Journal cf Kdiieation. 
 
 AIexi\iiilre ili- I,usl»rnaii, Clerk of Aeeounls nnil Statistics. 
 ■Inoiines l.aparre, KInt ('i>|iylnit t'lerk, and Storekeeper. 
 Jeiin Haptiste I.enoir. S«'tond Cupj'inK Clerk. 
 I'aul lilouin, Messenger. 
 
 SCHOOL INSPECTOItS. 
 
 Names of I uspectors, and Description of cnvh Diiitrlet, 
 
 '■•■V 
 
 J. B. P. I'aincliaud, Magdalen Islands, (ii\»[i6 
 
 Joseph Meapher, Counties of Uonaventure and (ias|H'- 
 
 J. l.esprniuce, part of (iaspe, 
 
 Vincent Martin. County of Chicontiuii, 
 
 a, Tinisuay, ("oniities of Kanioura-ikB, Riiuouski and Temiscounta, 
 
 r. Cinioii, County of Charlevoix and iiart of SriKuenny, 
 
 John llnnii'. Comity of Menantic ai^rtjiai-t »f Uorcliotor ancl u( lt<'ai»cv» » t..., ... 
 F. X. Itelaiul, ConniicH ol Heaucc, l.evi, l)ofc;heste^, lUd l.()U)iMiire,5.j^.. ..•,••. 
 
 J. Crencan, Counties of Helleclmssr M1)ntnattny, r.ml Islet,' •',, , v. ^..., 
 
 P, M. Bardy, ((uniticH of Quebec, M6utAiofeueJ, liiul fortiieilf;' eiflli&Mf t)«puh(Mou« of 
 
 the City of Qui'hee 
 
 Kov. U. I'lees ; Protestant iiopulalion of tln^Mty of Qiichec, 
 
 1*. iinliert, Counti(« of St. Maurice, Miwkinoiiife, aiidclianiiilain, 
 
 (!. A. liourp'ois, part of tlie vViunties of Drumniond, Itajrot, and .Vrthah.xska 
 
 B. Mauinult, Counties of Niooh't and Yamaska, 
 
 M.Cliild, Cinnities of Stanntcud, Uichmond, Coiniiton, Wolfe, and part of liruuiiuoud 
 
 and of Arthahaska, 
 
 11. I'armelee Counties of Missisquoi, Hrome, Sliellurd, and part of llnTville, 
 
 J. N. A. Arehamliault, the Coiinties of Richelieu, VercliO'res, Chanibly, and part of St. 
 
 ■loliusandof St. Ilyaeinthe, 
 
 A. P. 1<. Coiisigiiy, the Comities of Jiagot, liuuviUe, and part of St. ll.vaviutlie and of 
 
 llKTville, 
 
 M. Lanctol, Counties of Laprairie, Najnervillu, Ueauliarnois, and jiart of Chateauguay 
 
 and of St. Johns, 
 
 John Bruce, County of Iluntinfrdon, part of Chatiniuguay and of Argenteuil, and toe 
 
 Protestant population of the City of Montreal ' 
 
 F. X. Valade, Counties of Jaequ-'s Cartler, IIcH'helatra, Vaudreuil, ami Soulanirn, and 
 
 Catholic population of the City of Montreal, 
 
 A. D. Dorval, Counties of Berthier, Joliette, and Montcalm 1 
 
 F. (iennain, (\)uiiti(w of Iiaval, Terrebonne, Two Mountains, and jiart of Argenteuil. ... 
 J. J. Roney, Counties of Ottawa and Pontiac, 
 
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 JACQITES CABTIEB NOBHAL SCHOOL.— KUNTB.'SAL. 
 
 
 Rov. If ospice Verrean, Prineipal, Ordinary Professor and Director 
 
 of Male Stiidents" Boarding House. 
 I.rf'0i)old Devisnies, B.A., Ordinary Professor. 
 Dominiiiue Boudrias, Teacher of Boys' Model School. 
 
 Patrick Delancx, Associate lYofcssor, Usher and Teacher 
 
 Boys' Model School. 
 J. B. Labelle, Associate Professor. 
 
 UcOnj. KOBICAL SCHOOL.— MONTBEAL. 
 
 J. W. Daw.son, I.I,.D., Principal and Associate Professor. 
 yv. II. Hicks and Samson Paul Robins, Ordinary Professors. 
 
 a a. d. 
 
 31 S 
 
 250 II 
 
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 125 
 
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 Of 
 
 [ r.i'on Fonte.an. B.A.. A-sociatc' Professor. 
 
 I Jas. Mc(jrcgor and Mary McCraken, Teachers in Model School. 
 
 LAVAL NOBUAL SCHOOL.— QUEBEC. 
 
 Rcv.,Fd. O. Iloran, Principal, Ordinary Professor and Director 
 
 of -Male Students' Boarding Uou.se. 
 F. X. Tonssaint and Joseph Kniile de F<5nouillet, ) Ordinary 
 F«Slix E. Juneau, Tea<dier of Boys' Model School,) Professors. 
 
 Andrew Doyle, Associate Professor and Teacher of Boyg' Model 
 
 School. 
 Herrc lx)uis Morin and Enicst Gognon, Associate Professors. 
 
 The Government of Old France had given a great deal of attention to the subject of public instruction iu 
 Canada. The first school in this country was the Jesuits' College, opened at Quebec by Father Le JeuiiC in 
 1632. The Seminary of Quebec was founded by Mgr. De Laval in 1CC2. The College of St. Sulpice at Mon- 
 
I'UIUJC INSTRUCTION IN (JANAI>.\. 
 
 trral, and tho Niinnory of the I'rioilinrH iit (jncltcc, wcrv alio niiidiiK the firiit 8(-)i(i(>l!4 (ipoiu'd in tliiii country. 
 Tho Frurojt Cliiirrons, it religious nnlfr, nnil !*iilii<('(|iiciilly tliu Krurc.'* doK KcoIoh Cliriitionncii, nl.so iiitd acliuoli 
 fur clcnivntnry education in Ciuiiida under tlitf Krrnrli rfitimr, but thry wi-ru diAconitnucd after a 8hori 
 time. Tlio |>iiiuA .Marfcurritc llourifcois, wliorte name ii now Hiirroundcd with venrratioii by nil Canudiani, 
 founded, in lfi5.'l, tiio order of I<a Cont^rogation dc .N'otre l>anie, wliicli Iuh now in KchooU in operation, with 
 about 7000 |>u|iili). The FranciDpanii had a ((ood many elementary bcIiuoIx for boys Itefurc the Conqiieiit, and 
 tho JeauitH RU|>]i()rted out of tiieir revenue!) oeveral lay teaclitr.-i, who were nioHlly old ]Mi|i|l!i of their col- 
 lege. The two orders having been suppreHsed during the first yearn of ilie new r/ifiHif, tiicre remained for a 
 long time Hcarcely any other schools but tho two Seiuinariei) of Quebec and Montreal, tho Convcntg of the 
 Urgulincs at Quebec and nt Tiiree Itiver^, anil the scJKxd.'i of the Congregallnn of Nuiri' Dame at Montreal nnd 
 nt several viliageM throughout the country. Indeed, although the Si.sters diil not aduiii Imys into their Hchouls, 
 n great portion of the education received by tlie men in the country parislies, is due In ihem , many a mother 
 wlio was tauglit by tliein, having in her turn educated her own cliildren of botli sexes. 
 
 I,nrd Dorcliestcr, fjoveriior of the Province of Quebec, a))pointed, in 17H7, a coinnii--ion to inquire into the 
 subject of education. Tiuit couiniission recomniendeil tlie e.-<tal>lishnient of an elementarv -eliool in each parish, 
 of a model school in eacii county, and of a non-sectarian university. Tlic wliole was to be endowed with the 
 Jesuits' estates and by grants fi'oin the Crown lands. liishop Hubert opposed the plan, whilst his coadjutor, 
 Uishop Hailiy, supported it; and ultimately it was dropped by tlie (iovernment. In IHOI, tlie Koyal liisititution 
 for the Advancement of Learning was created ; but tin' members of the Hoard being composed of men » ith 
 whom tho great majority of the people had no sympathies, and tlic teachers being mostly imported from the 
 United Kingdom and witliout any knowledge of the French language, it was a decided failure. After twenty 
 years of existence, it had :!7 schocds and luiH pupils. It reached as a maximum Hi schools and IlilT.') pupils. In 
 1824, the Legislature passed an Act, entitled, "An Act for the Fncoiiragement and Mndownient of Klementary 
 Schools in tho I'arishes.'' That .\ct jirovided for the establishment of one school in each pari.-li, through tho 
 ogency of i\\c fuliriqurg, which are cori)()rato bodies, instituted under the old laws of France, con.-isling of the 
 curi or rector nn<l of the mari^uiUicrs or churchwarden^. It provided that whenever llie pari.-li woulil number 
 more than two hundred families, a second school could be opened. The/i/icii/ue was authori/.ed to acquire and 
 ])ossess one acre of laud whereon to build a schoolhouse, and to apply one fourth of its revenues to the 
 maintenance of the schools. 
 
 In 1829 an Act was passed providing for the election of school trustees in each parish or township, — 
 for tho jiayment of a salary of twent\; jii>l>i>'is I'l fJlw'' .tcvjier vho^ie s«l^i)ol w^wuld number twenty pupils, with 
 an addition of ten shillings for each iiu(il)>^<>iig»n;j ti] ^nj' poi!r'fitniil}'*]iiu($lit ^ree in the school. The same 
 Statute provided also that the (iovertftiiMf w^S t6'i)ity ftifti hhlPof lli<! bifllifinrf of school-houses, under certain 
 conditions ; tho whole amount not to exceed X'2000 per annum. Several Acts wore subsecjuently passed 
 amending and extending those previous Acts. They contained provisions for aid to colleges and girls' 
 academies, and various sums voted to Mr. I'errault and to the Quebec PMucation Society for the introduction 
 of the Lancasterian .system. A deaf and dumb institute at Quebec was also jirovided for, and, unilcr the auspi- 
 ces of Mr. Ronald Macdonald, who had been instructed by Mr. Leclerc, himself a disciple of the Abbo de Lep<5e, 
 it rcalisscd every expectation. 
 
 Various wise enactments for collecting statistics, for visiting schools by Members of Parliament, 
 and for tho distribution of jirizc-books, were made. One of the statutes provided also for the erection of 
 a Normal School ; and the Rev. John Holmes, jirincipal of the Seminary of Quebec, was sent to Europe with a 
 view of visiting the normal schools of the old world, and of procuring professors, books, apparatus, and 
 collections of natural history. He returned towards the end of Ifi.'iil, with Mr. Uegnaud, the director of a normal 
 school in France, and Mr. Findlater from Scotland. A Normal School was opened in Montreal ; but tho 
 Troubles having broken out a short time after, and the ("onstitution having been suspcndeil, the school had to 
 bo given up. Mr. Findlater went back to Scotland, and Mr. lEcgnaud, finding employiiifnt iiere as a land surveyor, 
 remained in the country. The jirovisions for the maintenance of the t-'ommon Schools having been allowed to 
 fall through by the Legislative Council, during its quarrels with the House of Assembly, the system which 
 had been gradually maturing itself, was destroyed. This was the second great blow aimed nt the educational 
 institutions of Lower (^anaila. The first was tlie confiscation of the Jesuits' and Franciscans' estates, shortly 
 after tho Conquest. When the second calamity befel ns, there was under the oiieralion of the law lCt)n schools, 
 wherein 40,000 children were taught ; most of which had to be closed. In the meantime, however, several 
 colleges had been erected and were in a most flourishing condition. When Lord Durham came here, with all the 
 powers and attributes of vice-royalty, he found, as he has stated. Lower ("aimda in the anomalous position of a 
 country where superior education was amply provided for, while nothing almost was done for elementary educa- 
 tion. In his Report, he paid however to our classical institutions a just tribute of praise. 
 
 After the Union of the I'rovinccs, the Legislature passed, in 1841, a law for the establishment and main- 
 tenance of public schools. It provided for tho api)ointment of a Superintendent of Education for the whole 
 Province, and appropriated a sum of £50,000 for the support of common schools, to be apportioned between tho 
 several municipal districts in proportion to the number of children of school age in each of them. Tho Hon. 
 
 * 
 
I'UliLlC INSTUL'CTION IN CANADA. 
 
 lin country. 
 111(1 sc'liuoU 
 tcr » short 
 C'liiiiidiiina, 
 -iition, with 
 iii|iicsl, and 
 f their col- 
 iikincd for a 
 icntH of the 
 ontrnil nnd 
 K'ir Hcliools, 
 ij It mother 
 
 ire into the 
 
 Itch fiariHh, 
 
 1 1 witli the 
 
 cuikdjiitor, 
 
 Institution 
 
 (if men with 
 
 tfd from the 
 
 After twenty 
 
 r.'i jMipils. In 
 
 Klemeutnry 
 
 tlirou((h tho 
 
 stinjj of the 
 
 oulil number 
 
 I lUMjuire nnrl 
 
 I'uues to the 
 
 township, — 
 ■ i)Upii;», with 
 1. Tlie snme 
 under ccrtuin 
 lently pnssed 
 ;c!) and girls' 
 
 introduction 
 iler the iiuspi- 
 il)d de Lep<5c, 
 
 Pitriiiiincnt, 
 c erection of 
 urope with a 
 ipuratu?, and 
 r of a normal 
 eal ; but tho 
 ichooi had to 
 uid surveyor, 
 ["u allowed to 
 system which 
 c educational 
 lute?, shortly 
 I UOO schools, 
 ever, several 
 (>, with all the 
 I position of u 
 i-ntary educa- 
 
 it and main- 
 i)r the whole 
 1 between tho 
 1. The Hon, 
 
 Mr. Jiimieiion wax iipppninti'il Superintendent under tliix law ; but to meet the wautx of the two Hection.s of tho 
 Province, the Hev. .Mr. Murray and Dr. .Meilleur were also appointed .Superintendents, the fornier for Upper 
 and the latter for Lower Canada. Dr. Meilleur had been for fcv il year.n a .Member of the Provincial Par- 
 liament (il liower (.'aiMola, and hud published various elementary works. He had al.so been one of the founders 
 and director!) <d' llie Culle^re of LAssomption. In IH 15 another law was pas.secl, ap|dyin){ cliielly to Lower t'anada, 
 and providin(( for the appointment of a Superintendent for each section, and containing a great many new regu- 
 lations, that Inul been oniitt<'<l in the tir.st law. This was again superseded by the law of iHlii, which is tho 
 foundation of the several laws nnw oi force. One of its most important features was that it made the assessment 
 compulsory, and did away with the voluntary eontributions. That important step was however altered In 
 IR'tO, when a law ciiniaining v.iriou- .luii'iidinenls, most of which, giving to tin* Superintendent powers ofa<piasi- 
 judieial niilure iu luallers inulroverlid Im'Iwci'u the parties to the seho(d law, restored the vcduutary contribu- 
 tion ; which however at present, in most of the .Muuici|ialitiC'<, the good sen.se of the | co|ile has set aside for the 
 legal asHe.>ismenl. It also contained new juovisious concerning the monthly fees, and the powers of the lloardi 
 of Kxaniiners. Another biw, pas.sed iri IH.'il, provided for the establishment of a Normal School and for tho 
 appointment ufSi liool luspeetors In IH."),"(, Dr. .Meilleur resigned his oHice, and was appointed to that of post- 
 master at .M<uilreal. lie left a name untarnished for his assiduity, iierseveraiua', and integrity, anil, considering 
 the great ditlicullies he had to contend with, by tho violent opposition to school assessments made in several 
 jiarts of the eouiilry by conleiuptilile seekers of popular fanii', justly branded with the French name of ilei- 
 giiiiitK. he may In' said to have Iicmi generally sueressl'iil iu his administration. He was succeeded by 
 the llmi. Pierre .1. n. Cjiiuiveau, who had been a Member of Parliament for the County of Quebec during eleven 
 years, and had tilled -iiccessiveiy the olliees of Solicitor General fur Lower (Canada and of Secretary of tho 
 Province. 
 
 In his lirst report, Mr. ('liauveau recommended various reforms ; and for the accomplishment of most o' 
 them, two laws were passed in the session of H.lil. One of them chielly relates to superior, and the other to 
 elementary eduriiiion. The most inijiortant features of this new legislation consisted in providing for the distri- 
 bution lliroii^;!! the Sii|ii'iinieuili lit, and ou his report, of the annual grants to I'liiversities, Colleges, Acade- 
 mies, and .Model Schools ; the creation of several N'orinal Schools instead of one ; the publication of Journals of 
 Kdiication ; the appointment of a Council of Public Instriielion ; and the creation of a teachers' pension fund, 
 on the i^ame priniiple us that ofrpjier Canada. With the exception of the appointment of the Council of Pub- 
 lic luslnieiion, these measures have nil been carried into elfect. There are now published two Journals of 
 Edncatimi, one in Krencli and the otlnr iu Kiiglish. They are issued nlternntcly every fortnight, arc conducted 
 by the Siiiierintendenl with iin assistant for eaili of them, and, with the excel t ion of the oHicial notices, the ar- 
 ticles and selections are diU'erent in each. The price of subscription is one dollar for each. Teachers are 
 allowed a copy of both, or two coj'ies of cither, for the same jirice. It is sent free to public institutions, and to 
 the School Commissioners for theii use and that of teachers unable to subscribe. Kach number contains one 
 or more illustrations. The issue of the Juurnnt dr l.'htslrwtiun Puhlique is -l,!)!)!) copies, that of the Juurnul of 
 Education 'J, 000. The form' r has nearly fiOO paving subscribers, the latter about 3U0. 
 
 The Jacipies Carlier and .Mctiill Xornal Schools were inaugurated in Montreal on the 2nd of March 1857. 
 The Laval Normal School was opened at Quebec lui the l.^th of .May. The McGill .Normal .School is intended 
 for Protestants, and the teaching is carried on cliielly in the Knglish language ; but the French language is also 
 taught with great care. The two others are intended for Catholics; and the teaching is carried on chiefly 
 in French. The Kiiglish language is however taught to the French pupils; and arrangements have been made 
 that in.?lruetion may In- also imparted to any Knglish pujiil-teaeher in his own vernacular. In their Model 
 Schools there are French and Knglish teachers, about an eipinl number of children of each origin, and tho two 
 languages are placed precisely on the same footing. The McUill School started with the boys' and girls' 
 department in full operation. The girls' department of the Laval Normal School was opened on the 15th of 
 September. The girls are boarders at the rrsiiliue Convent, but the instruction is chiefly imparted to them by 
 the i)rofessors of the -Normal School. The girls' dcjiartment of the Jac((ucs Cartier Nornuil .School is not yet 
 organized. Tho following is a table of the number of students who have attended each school ; — 
 
 Niiiiie III' Iii.stituliuii. 
 
 .laequi'H ( '^irl irr N'lrinal ScImhiI SI;ilr |iii|iil-ti'ai'li< 
 
 Metiill Noniiiil Sriiiiol Male iiii|)il-trin'liers 
 
 Kfiieilc " " 
 
 Laval Norae.il .Scliool — Male iiiipil-leiieliiTS 
 
 Kiiiiaie. " ■' 
 
 No. of StUlll•lll^ 
 
 reeeivnl iiitii 
 the Institutiiiii. 
 
 Lift 
 
 williiiiit 
 
 l)i|iliiiiins. 
 
 ."ill 
 
 » 
 
 t«i 
 
 4:1 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 1« 
 
 1 
 
 
 I.ift Willi ' I,rft witli Kle- 
 LMiidcl-Selioiil iiieiitar.v-Seliool 
 Diplouias. ' UlplDUiius. 
 
 II 
 II 
 (I 
 
 Actually 
 
 ill the 
 
 Institution, 
 
 411 
 i 
 
 24 
 4.1 
 
 2111 
 
 21 
 
 17 
 
 171 
 
 Five of those Imvo remained, althnuKh tliey have received an Klementar}--Scliool diploma. 
 
PUBLIC INSTRUCTION IN CANAI>A. 
 
 Tlio Model Schools nttarhcd to tlio McOill Vormnl Hchool niimlior 220 chiMron, thoie of the Ii«TKl Normal 
 School About .'ion, and that of Juc(]iic8 Curtirr H'J. TIip pupils of Hip Jncquoi Curlier Norninl Hchoul who baro 
 obtainrd diplomiiK Imro nil bopii liiriMl, with snliirios betv cen ilOO nnd X'llJO, rxcluMJve oriodginf;. 
 
 Resides curry in i; into etrcct the several ]iroviiiion8 uf the Inwi* nbovu mentioned, Mr. Chnuveau has alio 
 rc-or(fani/.ed tiu! lirpnrlment by tlio appointment oC more clerks itnd a better division of labor; nssisted in tlw 
 creation of tlio A.s.siicintions of Teachers in connexion with tlie Normal Scliooiri; caused the clistribiition of 
 prize-books hy the Inspectors on their risits; nnd formed the nucleus of a departmental lil)rary, which numbcri 
 oboutSOOO volumes. The iieciiniary responsibility of Hie office has been greatly increased liy tlie new law ; and 
 from the 1st of January to tiic last of .\ii(»iist .f.'ii;,077 17s. lOd. were distribiited through tliu F'ducution OtHce. 
 The correspondence is also iliiiiy increasinpf. Durin^c the flrst six montlii of 1HS7 no loss than 3,824 letters nnd 
 reports were received, and l<t,.'"<.'i7 letters and circulars sent. 
 
 The following extracts and statistics from the Ileport of the Superintendent for Ifi^R will rIvo a fair idea of 
 the state of public instruction in Lower ('anada, and of the progress made during the last live or six years : — 
 
 "The niiKinnt of iimun .. iiia<li' iliiriir/ tin' lliiri- liist vrars in l!ii> nunilH'r uf all '■nrlN cif rclnnilliii.iil iiisdtullniis, hi tin- mini- 
 her of till' SI hiiiiirs nl'all tlusc iii^titulioiis iiiiitril, u.iil iiitlirMiiiis li'viril friiiii tlie tax-|ia.vrrs fur tlie riiiiiiiioii m'IiiioIii, may Ije 
 thus stateil : 
 
 imtltutions . . 
 
 uplls 
 
 oiitributiuiis 
 
 1M.M. 
 
 lllH2i4't 
 UUil2 
 
 1S,M. 
 
 l!71in 
 111»717 
 I'.tUSOS 
 
 IH.VS. 
 
 Iiieream over IVil, ' IniTi'.ise over isffil, 
 
 uMn 
 tttiim 
 
 7» 
 
 nil II) 
 
 ti77il 
 
 fil7 
 Is,')!« 
 
 "The fiilli)wiii({ faille irivcs In (Ictnil tin- jirnirri'ss iiinile In Lower (\iiiiiila. niiil slimvs that it is trrriiliT In tin' miilillt' Rnd 
 supi'rlor clniHi'S of I'lliiratiiiii, Tlie iiuiiilH'r ni nriuli'iiiii's. ol' tlie lilcher cliiss uf jtiils' ncIkmiN, of tlie I'dnveiits ilevi'leil to teaehiliK 
 anil of tlii'ir iiiipils, li.'is liiiiie tliiin i|iiiiilni|ilril: tliiit i)f edlleueN uml tlieir stuitihts has inrreiisi'il liy one half. The niiiiilMT of 
 mcxlel scli(H>ls mill their )>ii|i{|s (perhiips the inost iniiinrtiiit point i>f all! Ims iijiiie llmii il(iiil)leil. It is to the HiippreNsion of wtT- 
 ersl Heliool distriets, fur the piiriswe of cstahlishinn fietter wliools, the ilevelopiiient of the liiitlier onler of iiixtitiiliDiis, tut well kh 
 to the Keiierat [KMiury, thnt we iiiust attribute llie slower rate of pi-nifiess lor thiv year, eniiiimreil witli lost, of the eleuieutary 
 schools. 
 
 Elementary sehools 
 
 Pupils. 
 
 Model sehools 
 
 Pupils 
 
 Girls' liifrh sehools 
 
 Pupils 
 
 Araileiuies 
 
 Pupils 
 
 Convents devoted to teaching, 
 
 Pupils. 
 
 ColleKOs 
 
 Students 
 
 Number > 
 
 1H.-i:l. 
 
 21 It 
 
 •17 
 3.-i:>t 
 
 .l.l 
 30 n 
 
 111 
 iiii'.i 
 
 t-t 
 
 271*11 
 
 It 
 
 2111) 
 
 if .Sehools and Pupils 
 
 lnen«Mv 
 
 Iiierenae 
 
 Inerease 
 
 ill 
 
 
 in 
 
 ISM. 
 
 in 
 1S5.1. 
 
 over 
 
 
 
 18.1.3, in \K>:>, 
 
 IH.-W. 
 
 ISS.'S. 
 
 
 
 
 2;i.V2 
 
 2.'5I.'» 
 
 23H, or 11 p.e. 
 
 till, or rt p. e. 
 
 3110, or IN p.e. 
 
 mr>\» 
 
 niiiiiis 
 
 5o '.."i, or ."i p. e. 
 
 2S.1S, or 3 p. I-. 
 
 7MI3, or H p. c. 
 
 117 >7 
 
 1.'.2 
 
 HUM 
 
 H7. or 12l»p. e. 
 3223, or III p. e. 
 
 
 H\ orl2»lp.C. 
 
 i 417, or 2) p. e. 
 
 4«ITii, or 132 p. e. 
 
 t!7 
 
 7S 
 
 1 1, or 2il p. e. 
 
 11, or Dip. e. 
 
 2."i, or 47 p. e. 
 
 .SI 71 
 
 mis 
 
 13(1, or 1 p. e. 
 
 1177, or 37 p.e. 
 
 1307, or 43 p. e. 
 
 •J.J 
 
 40 
 
 4 
 
 17 
 
 21 
 
 1272 
 
 3,H.-,II 
 
 KM, or 9 p. e. 
 
 2.-,S l, or 203 p. e. 
 
 2iis7, or 2211 p. e. 
 
 4rt 
 
 .12 
 
 2 
 
 ti 
 
 N 
 
 file I 
 
 H.Vtil 
 
 ;i3iN, or lis p. e. 
 
 2423, or 311 p. c. 
 
 .1734, or 20,-1 p.e. 
 
 HI 
 
 21 
 
 2 
 
 5 
 
 7 
 
 2.'il3 
 
 3325 
 
 41 1.*!, or 10 p. c. 
 
 810, or 32 p. e. 
 
 1213, or :,7 p. c. 
 
 "I am happy Instate that the few Imd symptoms wliieli I have pnhiteil nut are far from lieioi? (reiieral, lint, on tlie eimtrar^-, 
 the faets ond llnures wliieli 1 now hastily eniiipile, w ill show a eiuitiiiiieil proL'ress. 
 
 "One proof of that pro»tress is the aliiuiKt (teneral nliandoiiment of the system of voliiiilary eontrilmtioii, and the adoption of 
 that of assessment. It will lie seen, hy Apjieiidix ('..that 3st imiiiieiiialilies'liike the mnsl simple, llie must eemiiimical, all thillKS 
 con.sidered, and, at all events, the most eiimtahle niiil eerlalii mellind. that of assessment ; W only have had rei'oiirse to voluntary 
 contrilintions. and they are priiiiipally imiiiii ipalities in wliieh lliey are only liei^iiiiiiii); to liave srhuols: the praetieal giHid sense 
 of our people is every where I'ondemiiiiiK the latter iiioile. 
 
 " Xotwithstandioir the extreme misery which has prevailed in ninny districts, only live innniciimlitieH have availed them- 
 selves of the clause in favor of indinent townships; there is everywliere iiiaiiife.sted aiiiilile repiiKiHiiice to taking advantage of 
 that provision. Ten municipalities appear on the tahle as giviiift no siitn nf iMlellectiial life. Willi the exceptidii of St. Michel 
 d'Yamastka, these are very pisir and isolated settlements: .Mann and Newport in the lUtriit of (Jaspe, Valcarlicr, St. Vcreol, Ste. 
 Sophie, and (^ranl)ourne in the Distrlcl of (ineliec, Kly in the District of .»it. Krancis, .St. Ciiluiiilian in the District of Montreal, 
 and Grenville in the District of Ottawa. Since receiviinr the llepiirl of the Iiispectiirs, I have a.scertaiiied llmt there have iM'en 
 Steps taken hy the inhaliitants of Valcarlicr, St. I'ohimlian.and St. Kereol, which justify ine in sayinit that the law is now earried 
 Oiil there; the last-menlinneil parish hits had a school since the iiionth of July. Tliere'are therefore in reality only seven muni- 
 cipalities wliere the law is not in o|):'ratiim; and it is to he ohserved to the liinior of the Distriets of Kamouraska and Montreal 
 that not one of these dark spots is found within their limits. 
 
 "Taking the total nimiher of impils attcndinit coUcires, acaileinies, ond model schools, we have \:,:>\r> hoys receivinir Instrue. 
 tion of various Ki'ades ah.ivc elementary ciliication. The total nnmlieror pupils attenilim; cinivcnts and schouls of the higher 
 class for girls gives 12,7sS girls receiving a superior education. If to this we add one half of the pupils of the elementary schools, 
 wo shall nave 75,7S2 children receiving a good educatiun. 
 
 " In this respect, the mimhers for Lower Canada are more than doulile, as is also the annual progress ; nnd he who would not 
 admit that many of imr eiliie.itional institutions are not inferior to those of any pai t of this continent, must either he very muuh 
 prejudiced or know very little of what is passing around him. 
 
 "I should have remarked that, hcsides the mimerons sniierior and secondary educational institutions which the Catholic 
 clergy of Lower Canada have fimiided, the connlry owes to them the two Institutions I'urthe deaf and dunili, the only oneswhicli 
 we have. That for females, situated at Lomr I'uiiit, near Montreal, has ahoiit twenty pupils ; that for hoys, at St. Laurent, ha.s 
 lately addeil to the ninnherol' its prorcss(ir.4 Iwocierksof St. Viator; one of whom, .\Ir. \oUMg, is himself deaf and dumli, and 
 was educated at the .nstitute of Nancy in l''rani'c. 
 
 " It should he remeinliercd tliat a sum of i;30,ii(io is at the disposal of the novernment for the estahli.shment of such schools. 
 Having had, while occupying a ililVerent position, to examine this snhject, I would he haiipy to give any information, or make any 
 suggestions, wliich might hit d 'sircd, at least as far as Lower Canada M concerned. 
 
 "There is nothing hetter calculated than the following talde to est.ablish the substantial elmraeterof the progress aeeom 
 
 nlished. It will lie seen that the proportion of the 
 branches of practical education increase every year. 
 
 ! pupils of our model and eomm m schools studying the 
 The number of those studying cumiK)und-aritlimetic and 
 
 most important 
 I book-keeping ha» 
 
 No. 
 
 
 1 
 
 .Aea 
 
 2 
 
 Aca 
 
 3 
 
 Aca 
 
 4 
 
 Aea 
 
 5 
 
 Aeii 
 
 II 
 
 Ai:i 
 
 7 
 
 Aeil 
 
 H 
 
 A en 
 
 
 
 An 
 
 10 
 
 llul 
 
 11 
 
 Aei 
 
 12 
 
 Aei 
 
 13 
 
 Ac: 
 
 14 
 
 Aci 
 
 l.-i 
 
 Ac. 
 
 in 
 
 Ac, 
 
 17 
 
 Aci 
 
 IH 
 
 Ac. 
 
 19 
 
 Act 
 
 2<l 
 
 Lvi 
 
 21 
 
 Lvi 
 
 22 
 
 Aci 
 
 23 
 
 Aci 
 
 2t 
 
 Ac. 
 
 2.-1 
 
 Aci 
 
 2ll 
 
 Ac! 
 
 27 
 
 Lv 
 
 •2H 
 
 Ac 
 
 •20 
 
 Ac; 
 
 30 
 
 i;a 
 
 31 
 
 Ac 
 
 .32 
 
 !■'' 
 
 ;« 
 
 iiii 
 
 3t 
 
 Ac 
 
 .3.1 
 
 Ac 
 
 30 
 
 Ac 
 
 37 
 
 Ac 
 
 8M 
 
 Ac 
 
 30 
 
 Ac 
 
 ■U) 
 
 Ac 
 
 41 
 
 Ac 
 
 42 
 
 Ai 
 
 43 
 
 N. 
 
PUBLIC INSTUUC'IIOX IN CANADA. 
 
 nl Kurronl 
 wlio haTQ 
 
 I lias alio 
 ilpii in tbo 
 riliulion of 
 li iiiiiiiliori 
 law ; nnJ 
 idii CMHce. 
 U'ttcrs anil 
 
 fair iilunof 
 IX yoars :— 
 
 ill till- iiiim- 
 iiHilH, may bo 
 
 •over is.vi. 
 
 M7 
 IsjiiUJ 
 
 miilillf nnil 
 I to ti-aclihiK 
 ic iiiiiiilM>r of 
 
 ■MMion or HOT- 
 lis, OH W)'ll MH 
 
 I' t'luiiii'iitiiry 
 
 I iicrrnHe 
 
 over 
 W, ill IMS. 
 
 (loiihlnl In lwnyi>«ni; thai oftliow li'aniliiK Ki'o<trapliy Iim liicn«i»'<l mon' than lialf; utiiili'iit* of hintory liaveiloiiblnl, orRram- 
 mar liavi< JiitTi-Mw-tl niori' tlinii lialf, atul ufpaniliiii liavu iiiori' tliaii qitailriipird, 
 
 or l«p. f. 
 
 or H ji. r. 
 I, or VM p. c. 
 I, or i;i2 p. C'. 
 i, or 17 p. <•. 
 r, or -W p. c. 
 I 
 
 f, or 2ill p. c. 
 I 
 
 y or 205 p. 0. 
 r 
 i, or .")7 p. c. 
 
 tl\c c'iintrftr>, 
 
 III ailoritinn of 
 (■III, nil tliiiiKH 
 ■ to voluntary 
 
 111 (fOOll soiiso 
 
 valli'il tticra- 
 nilvantiwn of 
 of St. Miiltol 
 t. KiTt'ol, SU-. 
 i,t MoiitriMil, 
 I'rc Imvti iH'on 
 M now farrlod 
 scvfii muni- 
 111(1 MoiilTval 
 
 liiiit iimtriip- 
 )f tlic liinlior 
 itary ai'hoolg, 
 
 10 would not 
 vi'i-y iiiucli 
 
 tlio CKtluiIic 
 Iv oncswliich 
 i.niirfiit, lias 
 
 11 dumb, and 
 
 such schools. 
 or malic any 
 
 (trcus accom- 
 it important 
 -kccpiuR lia» 
 
 4 
 
 
 IMS. 
 
 IRM. 
 
 IWS. 
 
 Incmaie In 
 
 INOI. 
 
 IncriaM In 
 IMOa. 
 
 liicrraiKi of 
 IMS over 1»SJ|. 
 
 l^iplU rcailiiiK Hwll 
 
 Writliipc 
 
 rm 
 
 SII07* 
 1N)M1 
 UVkH 
 
 121*3 
 I17!W 
 
 IM.Vi 
 7IIMI 
 
 !t2MII 
 47IIII 
 
 tmn 
 
 m 
 
 IIIHM 
 
 II VM 
 
 UMAli 
 
 7IIW7 
 
 MN3 
 
 «Vto7 
 IMIKM 
 WNHI 
 )tt.V«l 
 Itffll 
 I77IM1 
 lOSlU) 
 
 mutin 
 
 INIt»t 
 
 itww 
 
 iWi, or JO p. c. 
 
 Wilt, or »,■» p. c. 
 Mt^.t, or 4.1 p. c, 
 
 littl, or np. c. 
 k7 W, or 7<i p. c. 
 im\ or i;i p. c. 
 
 4N7I, or (U |>. r. 
 
 liUMfl, or Wl p. r, 
 IliilW, or .'Ml |i. ('. 
 
 77M. or ;«l |i. c. 
 
 l.ii;i. or U\<.i: 
 
 1177. or 147 p. c. 
 
 ;lM74, or ItO p. r. 
 
 4tm, or ;vi p. c. 
 
 MiiM, or .'Ml p. c, 
 
 HHI7, .>r 27 p. <•. 
 
 UlUI, or \a p. V. 
 
 1111140, ur fiT p.r. 
 7tWl. or IS p.c. 
 
 Hlmplc nrlthiiictlo 
 
 I'omiHiiiiid do 
 
 K(Hik-ki'cplng 
 
 (liMHrrapliy 
 
 Jll'tiiry. 
 
 rriMii'li tfi'iiiiiiiiar 
 
 Kiialiiih do 
 
 I2.'1.'MI, or K7 p.r. 
 l(ll!W, or Ml p.c. 
 
 n,ll.l, or U p.r. 
 h1<t'i, or l.-W p.c. 
 7WI7, or Bl p.c. 
 2li:iM, or 41 p.c. 
 
 panhig ...;:;:;::;;::::::::::. 
 
 I2U27, or 274 p C^ 
 
 " liictiition or ortlii«rapliii'nl ctcrci^cM, which did not lliturc at all In the llc|Hirt for \HXi, were practlird In IMSI by20,aiil p.c. 
 pill, wlio.M. toiml" To lliix year iiiiioiiiil to .'I2,r>12. 
 
 " Koine Iii-hiii'Ik .> wlilch had ii"\er lieen noliciMl In llic tnlih « for prccedliia yenrw, npiH-ar there for the Unit time thin year, and 
 are rcpi'i »'iiii.i| hv >ei'> rexiD'ctalile tlKnri'i. TIiiih tliere are Win piipilii ntudyiiiK lUeruiiirc uinl eiilntolary ('oiiiihhUIoii ; aKrlcnl- 
 tun- and liorliciihun', \W . iiiutliemallcn and ireoiiietry, 777; niirveiliiit and iiieiixiinitioii, KhI; lliieary drawiiiu, 1272 ; NUiKiliK, 
 Aiil.'l : mill iiiilriiiiii'iilai niiinlc, Iii;i2. A» wtut to 1m' expected, thii acadeiiiieN and UKHhd mIiimiIii clttlin the trreatent part of tlicte du* 
 VelupilielltH. 
 
 ''Tile prii|ir''s.< ill Home inipeetion (llHtrictH In tnily antoniidiinx, an iiroved by tlie followinir table, coiiiplled and uliridK<'d from 
 th(i lleporl of Mr. Itelnnd, ln.ipi eturof Selinolit for tlie Couiities of l,otliiiilere, lleaiice, llorclieMter, and Levi : 
 
 (.'oniiiioii MchooN under control 
 
 NuiiilM'rof (itipila 
 
 Model hcIiooIk,,. 
 
 rupiis 
 
 Rii|HTiiir Hchool!* for itlrU 
 
 I'llplln 
 
 PujilU remliiiK «i II . . ,., 
 
 I'njiilii Ktnil.xiiiKi'nimmin' 
 
 " ortlnwaiihy .., 
 " ■' nilllple rules.. 
 
 1H32. 
 
 IHS.'J. 
 
 Incrcanc 
 jHTcent. 
 
 177 
 
 214 
 
 20 
 
 5721 
 
 7167 
 
 a 
 
 4 
 
 tl 
 
 
 lltl 
 
 2S.1 
 
 IIIM 
 
 1 
 
 7 
 
 
 no 
 
 aa 
 
 
 W72 
 
 •IIWK 
 
 7 
 
 i»p< 
 
 lnN2 
 
 Mil 
 
 H27 
 
 IIIIU 
 
 •n 
 
 IRI2 
 
 1702 
 
 Nl 
 
 I'niilN Htud.NiiiK ('(nnpouiid rules ... 
 
 " " K<'<»'rapliy 
 
 " " writinK 
 
 " " KukMhIi 
 
 " ■• history 
 
 " " parsinKniidindiictivc 
 
 Krninmnr , . 
 Hchooi-hoiiMi pro|H'rty of tho muni- 
 
 ciiiality 
 
 HchooU havinic uco(rra|ihical uiapi 
 
 l(tt2. 
 
 IHM. 
 
 427 
 
 IMll 
 
 2H2 
 
 7.-.2 
 
 N.'MI 
 
 .'tlitU 
 
 nil 
 
 i;is 
 
 571) 
 
 KNVl 
 
 sou 
 
 110» 
 
 S9 
 
 74 
 
 20 
 
 iH 
 
 EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS IN LOWER CANADA. 
 
 AOADEMIBS, *o. 
 
 .No 
 
 1 
 2 
 
 :i 
 
 4 
 
 3 
 tl 
 7 
 s 
 11 
 
 10 
 
 11 
 
 12 
 
 la 
 
 14 
 
 15 
 
 in 
 
 17 
 IH 
 19 
 20 
 21 
 22 
 2a 
 2t 
 23 
 2(1 
 27 
 •ZH 
 •2« 
 
 ail 
 
 31 
 
 32 
 
 aa 
 a3 
 
 .-Ml 
 37 
 88 
 3'.) 
 441 
 41 
 42 
 43 
 
 Name of Institution. 
 
 Acailemy of Danville. . 
 
 .Aeadeniy of StanbridKC 
 
 .\eadeniy (if l.acbiite 
 
 .Academy of (Jraiiby .. 
 
 .\eii(U'iiiy of Sli(.rbrisikii 
 
 .\ca<Iciii'v of Knowlton 
 
 Academy of St Omslant 
 
 Academy of I'liinle-aui-Trenibles do QueU'O 
 
 Academy of Beiieil 
 
 Honiii .Vcadeiiiy of .St. .\iidrow 
 
 Academy of ("lar<Miee\ille 
 
 .\eiidemy of > andreiiil 
 
 .\eadeiny of Ste. Toy 
 
 .\ciuleniy of Avlnier. 
 
 .Veademy of I'liarleslon 
 
 Aeadeni,\ of llcrtliier 
 
 Academy of liaio dii Kcbvrc 
 
 .\ca(leiiiy of Naplcrvilic 
 
 .\cailemy of St. .lean, Island of Urlcans 
 
 T-yceuin'of l'liili|wl)Uljf 
 
 I.yceiim of Sutton 
 
 Academy of Yaniachiehc 
 
 .Aeademy of lliintiiiKdoil 
 
 Academy of Three llivers 
 
 Acadeiuy of St. Haul del'ludiutric 
 
 Aeademy of Heauliarnois.... 
 
 I.yceiiiirof llunhain . 
 
 .Academy of St. Timothy 
 
 .Vcadeioy of Huckliiirliam 
 
 Catliolie" .Veiulemy d'Aylmer 
 
 Academy ..f St. ftiistaclio 
 
 Lyceum of Vareiincs 
 
 Indiistrial AiMileiny of St. Laurent 
 
 AenthMiiy of I'ointe (Tairc 
 
 .\cadeiiiy of Mi nlmatrny 
 
 Academy of (lai'endoi^ 
 
 Academy of Soinenict 
 
 At-aib'my of Kamuiiras'ua 
 
 Aca<leiiiy of Deschuuibanlt 
 
 Acaih'iny of riHlet 
 
 Academy of M. Juneau, Qiiel«"c 
 
 .Vcademy of M. I'hilliiis. Montreal 
 
 Normal School of thet,'oloiiialC'li. SiK'icty, Montreal. 
 
 Ciiinposition ofthe llody ofTi-achcrs. 
 
 I'rotestinit Lay Teiu'hcrs, .Mule and h'lnalv . 
 .. *t ft tt 
 
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PL'IJLIC INNTRUOTION IX CANADA. 
 
 11 
 
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 UNIVERSITIES AND COLLEGES. 
 
 •.■c I 
 
 r^ W ' 
 
 LAVAL ninVEBBITT, 
 
 QUEBEC. 
 
 In 1003, flic first Romuu catholic Bislioi) of Canndu, FranQoisde Montmorcncy-Laval, founded and endowed, 
 with his own imtrimony, an institution, which was called the Quebec Seminary. The primary object of this 
 institution was tlie education of boys who felt an inclination for the priesthood, and such it continued until 
 1V5!». After the conquest of this country by the English, a College, which the Jesuits had held at Quebec since 
 164.'), having been supju-csscd, the directors of this Seminary, in order to meet the wants and wishes of those 
 boys who were not iiitendeil for the priesthood, admitted into their classes all those whose good conduct and 
 talents entitled iheni to such favor. By this ciiange, the Seminary became a regular College, and had, by suc- 
 ccs.sive additions, acquired a high degree of iniportiincc, when it was erected, by Her Majesty's Royal Charter, 
 into a University, luuler the style and name of The IaiviiI L'jiivenily. 
 
 By this charter, which boars date December 8tli, 1852, no change was efTcctcd in the constitution of the 
 Seminary itself; Imt a ("ouncil, coini)osed of the directors of the institution, and the three senior professors of 
 the several F'aculiies, was em)>(>werod to jK)Ssess and enjoy all the privileges granted to the Universities of the 
 United Kingdom and especially that of C(uiferring degrees in the Faculties of Divinity, Law, .Medicine, and Arts. 
 His Grace the l{( man catholic .\rchbishop of Quebec is, by virtue of his ofiice, Visitor of the University. The 
 Superior of the h 'ininary for the time being, holds the office of Rector. 
 
 Since the gri nting of the charter unceasing efforts have been employed to secure its complete execution. 
 In 1853, five prof 'ssors (jf the Faculty of Medicine were appointed, and one of them was sent to England, France, 
 and Belgium, to lurcliase a medical library and museum, with a fine collection of surgicrl instruments. During 
 the following year, the University accjuired a great number of books for the Faculty of Law, and a collection for 
 the study of .Materia .Medica. The expense incurred by these objects was about Jt!l2,000. At length, in Septem- 
 ber, 1854, the Faculties of Law and .Medicine opened their courses, after a solemn inauguration, in which Lord 
 Elgin took iiart, on the 21st of that montli. At the same time, several buildings were commenced for the use 
 of the University, of which a part only is finished, but which, when completed, will have involved an outlay ex- 
 ceeding $800,000. 
 
 Of the four Faculties, two (viz. tliose of Law and Medicine) have been almost completely organized. Those 
 of Divinity and Arts are now contemplated, and will soon be in operation. The course of instruction is inten- 
 ded to occupy four years, except in the Faculty of Arts, which is limited to three years. In the Faculty of 
 Divinity, dogmatic and moral theology. Holy Scriptures, sacred eloquence, ecclesiastical history, and canon law 
 are to be taught. History, literature, eloquence, moral, intellectual, and natural philosophy, mathematics, &c., 
 will form the subjects of the lectures in the Faculty of Arts. The list of the professors of the Faculties of Law 
 and Medicine shows what branches are already taught in these Faculties. Maritime law and notarial practice 
 will soon be addt^d to the course of lectures in the Faculty of Law ; and comparative anatomy in the Faculty of 
 Medicine. 
 
 The Library of the University contains 18,000 volumes, of which 1,200 are in the Law department, and 
 2,000 in that of Medicine. Besides the museum and collections already mentioned, tbe Institution possesses 
 philosophical apparatus which have cost $10,000, a good collection of minerals, and a well-fitted chemical 
 laboratory. 
 
 Tkusis. — The .academical year is divided into three terms : the first begins on the second Tuesday of Septem- 
 ber, and ends on ("hristmas eve ; the second begins on the day after Kpiiihany, and ends on the Wednesday pre- 
 ceding Easter; the third begins on the second .Monday after Easter, and ends on the second Tuesday of July. 
 After each term the students are required to pass an examination upon all the matters taught during the term. 
 
 I'isitor. — His Grace the .Most Rev. Pierre Flavien Turgeon, archbishop of Quebec. 
 
 Krrtor. — A'ery Rev. Louis Jaeques Casault, U.D., superior of the Quebec Seminary. 
 
 Cvuiicil. — Hon. William Badgley, LL.D., professor of the Faculty of law; rev. Ftilix Buteau, director of the 
 Quebec seminary ; Jae(pies < remazie, LL.U., professor of the Faculty of law ; rev. Jean Baptiste Antoine Ferland, 
 professor of the Faculty of arts ; Charles Fremont, M.D., professor of the Faculty of medicine; rev. Michel Forgues, 
 director of the (.iueliee seminary; rev. Louis Giugras, director of the Quebec seminary; rev. Leon Gingras, 
 D.D., director of the Quebec seminary ; Thomas Sterry Hunt, Dr. of Sciences, professor of the Faculty of arts ; 
 rev. Rdouard .Michel .Methot, director of the Queliec seminary; Hon. Auguslin Xorbert Morin, LL.D., professor 
 of the Facidly of law. Jean Zephirin Nault, M.l)., professor of the Faculty of medicine; James Arthur Sewcll, 
 M.D., professor of the Faculty of medicine; rev. Elz(Sar Alexandre Taschcreau, D.Cn.L., director of the Quebec 
 seminary. 
 
 ^V,Tf/,;n/.— Rev. E. A. Taseiiereau, D.Cn.L. 
 
 Libniiiiiii. — Rev. Louis Gingras. 
 
 nioFESsoiia. 
 
 Faculty of Dirinih/ — This Faculty has not yet been organized. It will be composed of five professors. 
 
 Farull'j uf Line. — Hon. A. X. .Morin, LL.D., Dean of the Faculty, lu'ofessor of natural law and the rights 
 of nations; Jacques Cremazic, LL.D., professor of civil law; lion. William Badgley, LL.D., ju-ofessor of cri- 
 minal law; Jean Thomas Taseiiereau, LL.D., professor of commercial law; Josejih Ulric Tessier, LL.D., pro- 
 fessor of law procedure and practice ; Aiiguste Eugene Aubry, LL.D., professor of Roman law ; Nicolas 
 Trudelle, apparitor. 
 
 Fnrully (if ^tl';^ivine. — C.Fn'mont, M.D., Dean of the Faculty, and iirofessor of surgery ; J. A. Sewell, M.D., 
 professor of medicine; J. Z. Xault, M.D., prnfessor of materia medica; Jean Etienne Landry, M.D., professor of 
 anatomy ; Adolplie Jacl;snii, Mi), professor of midwifery and diseases of women and children ; Charles Eusebe 
 Lemicux, lecturer on instittites of medicine and physiology; Hubert Larue, L.M., lecturer on medical jurispru- 
 dence and hygiene ; Jean Blanchet, M.D., .M.R.C.S. Eng., honorary professor; J. E. Landry, director of the 
 museum ; Edoiiard Bilodeau, a)iparitor. 
 
 Faculty of .iris. — Tliis Facidty, when ccunjiletely organized, will be composed of eleven professors. Two 
 only have as yet been a(ipoiiited ; rev. J. B. A. Ferland, professor of Canadian and American history; T. Sterry 
 Bunt, Dr. in Sciences, Knt. Leifiond' Honneur, memb. French Geo. Soc. and Am. Soc. Arts and Scien., professor 
 of chemistry. 
 
12 
 
 rUELIC INSTRUCTION IN CANADA-. 
 
 COLLEGIATE. 
 
 This deitartmcnt is the Seminary as it was till 1852, and is under tlie control of a board composed of a Su- 
 perior and at least four directors. It is divided into two parts, called the Grand and the Minor Seminary. 
 
 The Grand Seminary comprises the classes of Dogmatic and Moral Theology, Holy Scripture, ?]cclc3iastical 
 History, and other branches necessary for the discharge of the clerical functions. 
 
 The course of studies embraces three years at least. Xo one is admitted to it unless he has followed a com- 
 plete course of Philosophy and Literature. The students are all boarders, and wear the clerical costume. They 
 pay $80 for board, but the instruction is gratuitous. A library of 1,700 books is at their di3])0sa]. 
 
 The Minor Seminary comprises nine classes, of which two are in the course of Philosophy, and seven in that 
 of Literature. 
 
 In order to be admitted as a student into the Minor Seminary, it is necessary to read the maternal tongue 
 (French or English) very correctlj-, write pretty well, and have some knowledge of grammar. 
 
 About thirty gratuities have been founded at dillerent periods and by different jiersons, for the students of 
 the Minor Seminary. About a third of these gratuities are limited to the members of certain families. 
 
 A library of about 2,500 volumes is at the disposal of all the students for $1 per annum. 
 
 Fees. — Hoarders, $80 per annum ; Day Pupils, ."JlO. 
 
 The actual number of tlie students in the .Minor .Seniiiiiuy is '','>Ci, of wliom IS2 arc boarders. 
 
 ylKllKC .KK.MIXAIIV. 
 
 Superior. — Very Rev. Louis Jac(]ucs Cassault, D.D. 
 
 Directors. — Itev. Leon Gingras, D.D., rev. Louis Gingras, rev. .Michel Fnrgnes, rev. K. .\. Taschercau, 
 D.Cn.L., rev. Felix Huteau, rev. Edouard Michel Mi-tliot. 
 
 Jlt;e;re^ale members. — Rev. Charles IL Laverdiere, rev. Octave Audet. 
 
 Jluxilianj members. — Rev. Jean FraiKjois Raillarge, rev. Leandrc Gill, rev. Thomas Flieiuic ilamel, rev. 
 Adolphe L<Sgar6, rev. Ulderic Rousseau. 
 
 Grand Seminary. — Rev. L. Gingras, D.D., director ; very rev. L.J. Cassault, D.D., and rev. E. A. Tachercau, 
 D.Cn.L., professors of moral theology; rev. L(5on (liiigras, D.I)., i)rofcssor of dogmatic theology; rev. L. Gill, 
 professor of Holy Scripture. 
 
 Minor Seminary. — Rev. E. A. Taschcrea\i, D.Cn.L., director; rev. E. JI. .Methot, prefect of studies ; rev. F. 
 Bateau, i)rofe3sor of natural philosophy and natural history ; rev. <^)ct. Audet, professor of moral and intellectual 
 philosophy and astronomy ; rev. A. Lt^gard, professm- of mathematics ; rev. E. M. Mdthot, professor of rhetoric ; 
 rev. C. H. Laverdiere, second class; Th. A. Cliandonnet, 15. A., third class ; rev. — Gonthicr, fourth class ; P. 
 Rousscl, B.A., fifth class; P. C. Audet, B.A., and I). Dion, si.\th class; Rev. F. Laliberte, and P. Thivierge, 
 seventh class ; W. Pa.xman, and — Biislier, prof'es.sors of the Fnglish laugiuige ; ^VilliaIll Ross and — Lavigueur, 
 professors of music ; Revs. A. L6gar6, U. Rous.«eau, I). Conthier : and J. Rioux, T. A. Cliandonnet, X. Francocur, 
 P. C. Audet, and D. Dion, masters of the boarders. 
 
 UNIVERSITY OF McOILL 307 LEGE, 
 
 MOXTREAL. 
 
 The existence of the University of .McGill College is due to the late Mr. James McGill, a merchant of Mon- 
 treal, who by trade had amassed an ample fortune, and left behind him this earnest of his benevolent and gene- 
 rous character. lie died in 1813, leaving a will l)y which he bequeathed in trust to the Royal Institution for 
 the Advancement of Learning, his Kstate of Biirnside, consisting of some forty-six acres of land in the imme- 
 diate neighbourhood of the City of Montreal, and now witliin its limits, and ulso the sum of X'10,000 in money, 
 as a foundation for a University. The bequest was accotnpanied with the condition that the University should 
 be erected within ten years from his death : and with a natural desire of associating his memory with the Insti- 
 tution founded by his liberality, he enjoined tliat one of the Colleges should bear his own name of McGill. The 
 Will, however, in so fur as the legacy was concerned, was contested by his residuary Legatees, and an obstinate 
 and protracted litigation of some sixteen j-ears was intoriioscd between the benevolence of the founder and the 
 benefit which the foundation was designed to cnnfer. .\t length, however, in 182tl, the Estate of Burnside was 
 recoverd from the rcsidiuiry Legatees, and in 18;!.'), judgment was rendered against them by the Privy Coun- 
 cil for the Legacy of $40,o00, witli the interest, aiiiouiitiiig to $88,000. The condition of the bequest that the 
 University should be erected within ten years iiad been previously comjdied with, by obtaining the grant of 
 a Roy.al Charter, for that purpose, in 1821. The next step towards giving to the University a practical opera- 
 tion was the establislunent of the .Medical Faculty in 1821), which, with the interruption of only two ycar.s, has 
 ever since continued in active operation. In 183."), the rev Dr. Bethune was appointed Princi[)al of the Univer- 
 sity, and after some unsuecesful efforts to obtain a change of the very imperfect constitution established by the 
 Charter, ami the consumption of much time from misunderstandings between the Governors of the University 
 under that Charter, and tlie Royal Institution for the Advancement of Learning, which held all the funds, it wag 
 at length agreed upon that buildings for the uses of the University should be erected ; and accordingly those 
 now standing on tlie west side of Slierbrooke street were commenced in 1830. Tlie sum expended uj.on them 
 was $GO,000, and although still in an unfinished state, yet they were sufficiently com])leteil for the reception of 
 Students in 1843. In the latter year statutes were framed for the Government of the College, and a Chair of divi- 
 nity and two Professorships in the Faculty of .\rts were established; and with this addition to the already establish- 
 ed Faculty of medicine, the College was formally opened on Ttli of September of that year. The Institution 
 thus started was not successful. Its condition at length attracted attention, and in 1850 the Provincial Govern- 
 ment was moved by a number of public-spirited gentlemen to aid in an endeavor to place it on a better footing. 
 As a strong antagonism had always existed between the Royal Institution and the majority of the Governors 
 of the College upon subjects essentially affecting its conduct and prosperitj', it was deemed advisable, as a 
 first stej), to re-construct the former Corporation. Xew appointments were therefore made to the Royal Institution, 
 of persons selected on the score of their interest in the cause of Educaticm. Of those, several entered upon the 
 duties of their oflice with zeal and energy. Tliey drew up an elaborate re[)ort on the condition of the Universi- 
 ty, and the course which they thought should be followcil for its amelioration, and their recommendations were 
 made the basis of all that has since been done. A draft of a new Charter was prejiarcd, which was finally adopt- 
 ed, and executed by Her Majesty in 1852 — the most prominent and important provision of which is that the 
 members of the Royal Institution for the Advancement of Learning arc made Governors, cx-oflicio, of the Uni- 
 versity. 
 
 9 
 
 
poaed of a Su- 
 
 icininary. 
 
 Ecclesiastical 
 
 llowcJ a com- 
 DStume. They 
 
 1 seven in that 
 
 itcrnal tongue 
 
 he students of 
 Hies. 
 
 4 
 
 rUHUC INSTRI.CTION IN (ANADA. 
 
 13 
 
 V. Taschereau, 
 
 ic Uiiniel, rev. 
 
 , A.Tacbcreau, 
 ■ ; rev. L. Gill, 
 
 tmlics ; rev. F. 
 [lul intellectual 
 3or of rhetoric ; 
 )iirth class ; P. 
 il P. Thivierge, 
 I — Lavigueur, 
 t, N. Francoeur, 
 
 irchant of Mon- 
 olent and gene- 
 1 Institution for 
 id in the imme- 
 3,000 in money, 
 ivcrsity should 
 
 ■ with the Insti- 
 )fMcGill. The 
 .nil an obstinate 
 founder and the 
 )f ISuniside was 
 le Privy Coun- 
 )equcst that the 
 ig the grant of 
 practical opera- 
 
 ■ two years, has 
 il of the Univer- 
 tablished by the 
 ' the University 
 the funds, it was 
 jcordingly those 
 luled uj.on them 
 the reception of 
 laCliairof divi- 
 Iroady establish- 
 
 The Institution 
 )vincial Govern- 
 a better footing, 
 f the Governors 
 
 advisable, as a 
 toyal Institution, 
 utored upon the 
 1 of the Universi- 
 mendations were 
 cas finally adopt- 
 rthich is that the 
 [licio, of the Uni- 
 
 4s 
 
 The corporation of the University now oon.^ists of the Governors, Principal and Fellows — three of the latter 
 being elected by the convocation, and act as its reprfscntalives in managing the affairs of the University. 
 Under its present government, McGill College has greatly improved. An a])pral lately made to the public of 
 Lower Canada for its ]icrniancnt endowment, has resiiltcil, so far, in the formation of a fund of nearly $52,000 
 — $20,000 of which was subscribed by the .Messrs. .Molson, for the endowment of " the Molson Professorship of 
 History and English Literature." 
 
 The course of instruction in Arts is u.i follows : 
 
 First Year. — ("lii-tsics, modern lasiguages, English literature, mathematics, algebra, history. 
 
 Second Year. — (Hassics, modern languages, logic, higher mathematics, algebra, history. 
 
 Third Year. — Classics, modern languages, mental and moral philosophy, calculus, natural philosophy, 
 chemistry. 0})tioiial Studies — Hebrew, commercial law, agriculture, engineering. 
 
 Fourth Year. — Modern languages, rhetoric, natural i>liilosopliy and astronomy natural history. Option- 
 al Studies — Hebrew, comnu'riial law, agriculture, engineering. 
 
 In Medicine, iiHtriictloii is given in each branch specified in the requirements. The Lectures in the Faculty 
 of Law comprise every branch of legal study, Ijut .special reference is made to Roman jurisprudence as tho 
 groundwork of many of the departments of the Law of Lower Canada. The High School Department is intend- 
 ed to provide a liberal education tor those designed for business or professions, or who may wish to prepare 
 for entrance into the College. 
 
 In the Medical Library tliore arc ■J,.').^0 volumes, and in the Arts Library about 1,500. The Museum 
 and Apparatus of botli faculties are worth about ,55,20i». 
 
 INIVKltSlTV OKKICKIiS. 
 
 Visitor. — His Kvccllcncy the Governor (ieiieral. 
 
 Governors. — Hon. ('liarles Dowcy Day, LL.l)., judge of the Superior ("ourt of Lower Canada, president; 
 lion. James Fcrricr, M.L.C., lion. Peter McGill, M.L.C., Thomas lirown Anderson, David Davidson, William 
 Foster Coflin, lienjainiii Holmes, Andrew Robertson, .M.A., Christopher Dunkin, M.A. 
 
 The Covernor.s are members of the Royal Institution for tiie Advancement of Learning. 
 
 Principal. — Joliii William Dawson, .M.A., F.G.S. 
 
 Fettoivx. — J. J. C. Abbott, li.C.L., driin of the Faculty of Law, .\iidrcw F. Holmes, M.D., dean of the Faculty 
 of Medicine, rev. W. T. Leach, D.C.L., dean of the Faculty of Art, Henry As|>inwall Howe, M.A. rector of the 
 High School, Brown Cliauibcrlin, li.C.L., Walter tloiies, M.I)., Ale.\'ander Morris, .M.A. 
 
 The tiovernors, I'liiiiipal, iiiul Fellows constitute the Coriioialion of the University. 
 
 (•OI.LKfllATE OKriCRUS. 
 
 PriiiciiHtl. — Jolm ^\■illialu Dawson, M.A., F.G.S. 
 Vice I'rinripal.—Rvy. W. T. Leach, D.C.L. 
 
 I'ROKESHOnS. 
 
 Facullji of Law. — Hon. T. C. Aylwiii, D.C.L., ]irofessor of public and criminal law; 
 H.C.L., jirofessor of commercial law ; Frederick W. Torrance, .M.A., professor of civil law : 
 B.C.L., professor of jurisprudeu(!e and legiil bibliography; R G. Latlanime, U.C.L., professor of customary 
 law and the law of real estate. 
 
 Faculty of Medicine. — Andrew F. Holmes, M.D., professor of the theory and practice of medicine ; George 
 W. Campbell, M.D., professor of the principles and jtractice of surgery; Archibald Hall, M.D., professor of 
 midwifery anil the iliseascs of women and children ; AVilliam Eraser, M.D., professor of the institutes of medi- 
 cine ; William Sutherland, .M.D., ju'ofessor of chemistry ; William E. Scott, M.D., jirofessor of anatomy ; Wil- 
 liam Wriglit, M.D., professor of materia medica and pharmacy ; R. Palmer Howard, M.D., professor of clinical 
 medicine and medical jurisiu'udencc : D. C. McCallum, M.D., professor of clinical surgery; R. Craig, M.D. , 
 demonstrator of anatomy and curator of the Museum. 
 
 Fticultij of ..Irti:. — Rev. W. T. Leach, D.t'.L., professor of logic and moral philosophy; rev. Benjamin 
 Davies, LL.l)., professor of classical literature; Henry Aspinwall Howe, M.D., professor of mathematics and 
 natural i)hilospliy ; rev. A. DeSola, professor oC Hebrew and Oriental literature; John W. Dawson, M.A., 
 F.G.S., professor of natural history and agriculture; Charles F. A. Markgraf, professor of German language 
 and literature; h6.m\ G. Frontcau, R. A., professor of French languiigc and literature; Charles Smalhvood, 
 LL.D., professor of meteorology ; Edwin Gould, R.A., tutor in history and English literature; Mark J. Ham- 
 ilton, lecturer on engineering. 
 
 mv.n .scuooi, dkpahtment. 
 
 Prof'es.sor H, A. Howe, .M.A.. rector; T. A. (Jibson, M.A., first assistant master; David Roger, second 
 assistant master ; W. IJowuiiui, third assistant master ; J. D. Rortliwick, fourth assistant master ; James 
 Kemp, fifth assistant master; professor Charles F. A. Markgraf, (jcrman master; ))rof'essor Ldon G. Fronteau, 
 B.A, French master; James Duncan, drawing master; John FoUenus, music master. 
 
 IIIUSAU',S I)EPAUT.«E.Vr. 
 
 J. J. C. Abbott, 
 P. L. Lafrenaye, 
 
 William Craig Bainc.-, I!. A., secretary, registrar, and bursar. 
 
 UNIVERSITY OF BISHOP'S COLLEGE. 
 
 LEX.VOXVILLE. 
 
 This University luid its origin in tlie pressing want of a Theological school for educating candidates for 
 the Ministry of theUuited (Jliurch of England and Ireland in Lower Canada. But it having appeared that to 
 educate them tlioroiighly there was need of a large amount of means, it was determined to push the effort a 
 little further, and to erect and endow a place of general education. Accordingly, in 1843, measures were 
 adopted and an Act of incorporation obtained (7 Vict. c. 49), for carrying these objects into effect; and in 
 September, 1845, the College was opened in temporary buildings obtained for that purpose until the comple- 
 tion ef its own — to which it was transferred in October of the following year. In 1853 the College became a 
 University by a Royal Charter and was empowered to confer degrees " in the several Arts, and the Faculties 
 of Divinity, Law and Medicine"; and held its first public meeting of Convocation for that purpose on the 7th 
 October, 1854. 
 
14 
 
 PUMLFC INSTIU'CTION IN OANADA. 
 
 By the Cimrtcr, it ia provided thnt " tiio Cimnccllor, Vice Clinncellor, Principal and professors of the said 
 College, and all persons ndraited therein to the degree of Master of Arts, or to any degree in Divinity, Law or 
 Medicine, who shall pay tlie sum of twenty shillings a year towards the suiiport of the College, shall be mem- 
 bers of the Convocation of tlie said University, and as such sliall possess all the powers and privileges in regard 
 to conferring degrees, and other matters as are provided by the regulations of said College." These powers are 
 
 ^Q elect the Chancellor and Vice Chancellor; confer all degrees, and prescribe the subjects and standard of 
 
 examination therefore ; appoint, on rccommandation of the College Council, examiners (who shall be M.A.'s) to 
 act with the professors of the College, so that each subject shall come under the notice of at least two examin- 
 ers • and to do sucli other acts as are consistent with the law, the charter, and the regulations of the College. 
 
 The religious tests and exercises prescribed by the regulations, are : that all members of the College shall 
 attend morning and evening service each week day in the College chapel, and on Sunday in St. George's church, 
 Lcnnoxville; but such students as are not members of the Church of KInglandare not required to attend this lat- 
 ter service, but the service of the church to which their parents or guardians belong. There is no test specified 
 as necessary on taking a degree. 
 
 The endowment of the University is derived from private sources, and donations from the Societies for 
 Promoting Christian Knowledge, and for Propag.iting the Gospel in Foreign Parts. It has also an annual 
 Parliamentary Grant. There are two " Jubilee .«cholnrsiiii)s" of the value of $140 per annum, tenable for three 
 years each. The expense of residence to stiuieuts for the ncadeniic year (40 weeks) is from $160 to $180. 
 
 I'.MVEnSITT OFFICERS. 
 
 Fi»i<ors.— Right Rev. G. J. Mountain, D.D., D.C.L., Lord Bishop of Quebec; Right Rev. Francis Fulford, 
 D.D., Lord Bishop of Montreal. 
 
 Chancellor. — Hon. Edward Bowen, D.C.L., chief justice of the Superior cjurt for Lower Canada. 
 Vice Chancellor. — Hon. JohnS. McCord, D.C.L. 
 Registrar. — E. Chapman, M.A. 
 
 C0LLr.r,iATK opffckhs. 
 
 Principal. — Rev. J. II. NicoUs, D.D., Michel Fellow of Queen's Coll. Oxon. 
 
 Vice Principal. — Henry Miles, iM.A. King's Coll. Aberdeen. 
 
 Professors. — Rev. J. II. Nicolls, D.D. Queen's Coll. Oion., professor of classics; Henry Miles, M.A. King's 
 Coll. Aberdeen, professor of mathematics and natural philosophy; rev. Joseph Henry Thompson, M.A. Queen's 
 Coll. Cantab., llarrold professor of divinity; rev. J. W. Williams, M.A. Pembroke Coll. Oxon., rector of junior 
 department and grammar school. 
 
 Bursar.— E. Chapman, M.A. 
 
 Librarian.— Rev. J. H. Thompson, M.A. 
 
 Corporation of Bishop's College. — Right rev. the Lord Bishop of Quebec, president ; right rev. the Lord 
 Bishop of Montreal, vice president. 
 
 Trustees. — Hon. E. Hale, M.A., chairman ; hon. H. Smith ; lion. J. S. McCord, D.C.L. ; G. F. Bowen, M.A. ; 
 VT. Baker, M.A. ; B. T. Morris, M.A. ; rev. C. P. Reid, M.A. ; rev. L. Doolittle, M.A. ; rev. R. Lindsay, M.A. ; 
 rev. W. Bond, M.A. 
 
 College Council. — Rev. J. H. Nicolls, D.D.; II. Miles, M.A. ; E. Chapman, M.A. ; rev. J. II. Thompson, M.A. 
 
 Officers of the Corporation. — E. Chapman, M.A., secretary and auditor; E. L. Montizambcrt, M.A., 
 honorary counsel ; rev. L. Doolittle, M.A., and B. T. .Morris, M.A., attorneys. 
 
 COLLEQE OF FHTSICIANS AND SURGEONS. 
 
 C. J. Fremont, M.D., president; Archibald Hall, .M.D., A. Von Iffland, M.D., vice presidents; IL T. 
 Peltier, M.D., J. E. Landry, M.D., secretaries; T. W. Jones, M.D., registrar and treasurer. 
 
 BOABS OF OOVEBNOBS. 
 
 For City of Montreal. — Drs. Jones, Munro, Bibaud, Boyer, Fraser, Hall, Sutherland, and Peltier. 
 
 Fur District of Montreal. — Drs. Cliamberlain, Smallwood, Weilbrenncr, Turcotte, Foster, Sabourin, and 
 
 Brigham. 
 
 For Three Rivers and Districts of St. Francis and Three Rivers. — Drs. Gauvreau, Fowler, Johnson, Badeau, 
 Gilmonr, and Glines. 
 
 For the City of Quebec. — Drs. Morrin, Landry, Sewell, Fremont, Robitaille, Marsden, Russell, and Jackson. 
 
 For the District of Quebec. — Drs. Boudreau, Michaud, Marmette, De Sales Laterriere, Von Iffland, Tetu, 
 and C barest. 
 
 SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AND SUSGEBT, 
 
 MONTREAL. 
 
 Dr. Beaubien, president ; Dr. Boyer, secretary ; Dr. Trudel, lecturer on midwifery and diseases of women 
 and children ; Dr. Beaubien, practice of medicine and pathology ; Dr. Monro, princii)les and practice of surgery 
 and cliuical surgery ; Dr. D'Orsonnens, chemistry and pharmacy ; Dr. Bibaud, anatomy ; Dr. Codore, materia 
 medica; Dr. Peltier, institutes of medicine; Dr. Boj'er, medical jurisprudence and clinical medicine; Dr. 
 Regnicr, demonstrator of anatomy. Hotel Dieu Hospital visited daily. 
 
 ST. LAWBENCE SCHOOL OF HEDiaNE. 
 MONTREAL. 
 
 , lecturer on midwifery and diseases of women and children ; R. L. Macdonell, M.D., theory 
 and practice of surgery ; Thomas W. Jones, M.D., anatomy and clinical surgery ; A. H. David, M.D., theory 
 and practice of medicine ; George E. Fenwiek, M.D., materia medica and pharmacy; Henry Howard, ophthal- 
 mic and aural surgery ; Dr. David, clinical medicine. 
 
 Students attending the lectures on ophthalmic and aural surgery will have the privilege of witnessing the 
 practice at the Montreal Eye and Ear Institution during the whole session 
 
VUnUC INSTIil'CTION IN CANADA. 
 
 15 
 
 ev. the Lord 
 
 dents : II, T. 
 
 nson, Badcau, 
 
 THE EDUCATIONAL DEPARTMENT OF UPPER CANADA. 
 
 Rov. EKPrtoii RyiTHoii, D.D.. Chief SupiTiiitcndctit of Kilucation. A. Jolm-tone Willianisoti, Clerk (■!( ' irii'sixinacncn. 
 John (Iwrtrc Hodniiis, M.A., Dcpuly SiiiuTiiitcnaont of Kdiica- Alrxaiul.T Mnrliujc, CKrk of AccoiiiiIn. 
 
 tlon, mill AKMlst. Kditor of the .louriml of Kdiicntioii for I'.C. Fnuicis .loscpli Tii.vlor, As»i-lnid LMcik of Statistic!). 
 Tliomas llodgliis, LL.H., 1st Clui-k of Urpart., and ('lirk of Sla I'ntrick O'Xcil, Mcssi'iigcrof Uoparlnuiit. 
 
 tlstics. > 
 
 .}fii]i mill Lihrnru Dviiumliifi) Jli;iHch. 
 
 Samuel PasHniore May, ("Icrk of Libraries. 
 Uerbvrt Huttorwortli, Dc|K>siloi'y Snli.'siiiaii. 
 
 iTIioiiias I. Clmrcliill, Assistant Cli'rk. 
 K'liristoplicr AldorsoM, Packer and SlesseiiKor. 
 
 COUNCIL OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION. 
 
 Hon. SamtKd Uoaly Harrison, Q.C., (Miairnian. 
 
 Bc'V. Kucrton Ryerson, l).l>.,rliief Superintendent of Kducation. 
 
 Right Rev. Arnmndus Pranels Mary de Cliarlxinnel, D.I)., 
 
 Roman Catliolie ISisliop of Torontcj. 
 Rev. Henry James Orasitt, H.IX 
 Hon. Jnsepli Cnrran Morrison, (i.C, M.IM'. 
 Jamci) Srott Howard. 
 
 Uev. .lolni .lenniim's, D.D. 
 
 Rev. Adam ],illie,l).l). 
 
 Rev. ,lohn Uarelay, U.I). 
 
 llev. .lohii Mcrani, LL.D., pre.sideiit of University ; 
 
 lier for (iranunar Si-liool purposes. 
 Jolui (Jcorge llodgins, .M.A., Recording Clerk. 
 
 jUegfi, Mem- 
 
 witnessing the 
 
 STATE AND PROGBSSS OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION IN UPPER CANADA. 
 
 The present Educational i)r(;si)erity of Tpjier Canada lia.'^ liad its rise in very feeble beginnings. Fifty 
 years ago an unsuccessful effort was nuide to endow four (Jraniinar Schools and a University ; and in 1807 tlie 
 first Legislative enactment was pas^eil establitiliing Classical and .Mathematical Schools in the eight districts 
 into which Upper Canada was tiien divided, and endowing Iheni wilii $400 per annum eacii. That established 
 at Kingston, and afterwards at Cornwall, under the mastership of Mr. Strachan(now the Right Rev. Lord Bishop 
 of Toronto), was most efficient. 
 
 In 1810 — nine years after the estalilishment of tlie Grammar Schools — tiie Legislature of Upper Canada 
 passed the first Common School Law for that Province, niiduppro|iriated $24,000 jier annum for the maintenance 
 of Common Schools. In 18i0 this sum was reduced to $10,000. 
 
 In 1822, a Board of Education for Upper Canada was established for the supervision of the Grammar 
 Schools, and the management of the University and School lands. Some rcgvilations were adopted ; and in 
 1824, an attempt was made to introduce Common and Sunday School liliraries. Nevertheless, the zeal of the 
 public in behalf of Education gradually languished ; and it was not until 18:t(i tliatan effort was made to revive 
 it. An elaborate report was jirepared by Dr. Thomas Dunscombe, M.IM'., Chairman of tlie Educational Com- 
 mittee of the House of Assembly, on the state of Education in tiie various parts of the adjoining Union which 
 he visited. He also prepared a draft of a Hill, which was printed, l)ut never jiassed. The iio'itical crisis of 1837 
 soon followed, overwhelming in confusion all our allairs, and preventing further attention being given to the 
 subject. 
 
 In 1841, however, a Bill was passed restoring our Common Schools, and tracing the outlines of a System 
 of Education. In 1844, the Rev. Dr. Ryerson, the present head of the Department, was appointed. A Canadian 
 himself, and ardently devoted to its advancement, he speedily set himself to reconstruct, upon a broader and 
 more lasting foundation, our entire system of public instruction. As a preliminary step, he devoted a year to 
 the examination and comparison of the system of Education in Eurojic and America, and embodied the results 
 in a " Report on a system of public Elementary Instruction in Upper Canada." This valuable and comprehen- 
 sive Rejiort sketches, with a bold and masterly hand, the whole system of public instruction which is now in 
 successful operation among us. 
 
 The chief outlines of the system are similar to those in other countries. We are indebted in a grcp.t degree 
 to New York for the machinery of our schools, to Massachusetts f ;' the principle upon which they are sup- 
 ported, to Ireland for an admirable series of Common School books, and to Germany for oursystera of Normal 
 School training. All, however, are so modified and blended to suit the circumstances of the countrj-, that they 
 are no longer e.totics, but " racy of the soil," In several important particulars, the system pursued differs from 
 any other on this continent. The chief points of dill'erence are as follow : — 
 
 1. It provides for specific religious instruction, and the co-operation and visitation of the local clergy of 
 the various religious persuasions. 
 
 2. The chief E.xecutive is a non-political and permanent officer. 
 
 3. Taxation for its support is voluntary on the part of the various municipalities. 
 
 4. It prohibits the use of foreign books in the English branches of instruction, except by special permis- 
 sion, thus preventing the introduction of heterogeneous text-books, and those designedly inimical to our 
 
 institutions. 
 
 5. It provides for the supply of maps, school apparatus, text-books, and library books to all the schools, 
 direct from the Department, and grants 100 per cent on local appropriations for this purpose. 
 
 6. It provides for pensioning of worn-out teachers. 
 
 7. It provides for taking and recording meteorological observations at each of the Senior County Grammar 
 Schools. 
 
 The Normal School at Toronto was established in 1847, and annually trains about 100 teachers. A Journal 
 of Education is published monthly by the Department, and sent to each Trustee, Corporation, Local Superin- 
 tendent, County Clerk, &c., in Upper Canada. 
 
 A Model Grammar School is now in process of erection on the Normal School site. It is designed to af- 
 ford instruction to 100 Pupils, (to be selected from different Counties in Upper Canada,) and to form a sort of 
 Normal School for Grammar School Masters. Meteorological Stations are alsoabout being established through- 
 out Upper Canada in connection with the Senior County Grammar Schools. Instruments and instruction are 
 provided by the Educational Department. 
 
16 
 
 PUBLIC INSTRUCTION IX CANADA. 
 
 The following 
 Cnnnda up to the close of 185U 
 
 slatisiicftl extracla exhibit the progrc.sa ami preaoiit state of public Instruction in Upper 
 
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 Tliomas Jaffrav Robi-rtson, M.A., Hoarl Mastor, 
 
 Kw. William Ormistnn, M.A., Swond Master. 
 
 Archibald Mai-allimi, Teacher of Bookkeeping, and Master of 
 
 Boys' Model School. 
 Thomas Cooper, Tcai'her of 3Iusie. 
 David Ormistoii, First Assistant Boys' Model Sehool. 
 David Fotherinirhain, Second Assistant Boys' Model School, 
 Dorcas Clark, Mistress of Girls' Model School. 
 
 NORMAL AND HOI)£L SCHOOLS. 
 
 Henrietta Shoriiek, First Assistant Girls' Model School. 
 Helen Clark, Second Assistant Girls' Model School. 
 Henry Goodwin, Teacher of Gymna-stics and Calisthenics, 
 William Miindie, Superintendent of Norninl Seliool Grounds. 
 .Inhn Murphv. .Tanitnr of Normal and Model Schools. 
 James Forsyth, Gardener, 
 .lames Rvan, 1 n ^ ■%, , 
 
 Thomas bray, j Porters, Messengers Sec. 
 
rUBLIC INSTRUCTION IN CANADA. 
 
 17 
 
 I in Upper 
 
 The establishment of a Nornml Scliool, ns necessary to the completion of a national sj'stcm of etlucution, 
 cngttjfcd public attention in 183(i ; but notliiiiK was acconiiiiislied until after the appointment, in 184 t, of tho 
 Rev. Egerton Ryerson, D.D., as Chief Hiiperintcndent of Education. In Fciiruury, 1840, Dr. Ryerson, after in- 
 vesligating tho systems of education in Eiiriipcand the I'nited States, submitted to Government his Report on a 
 System of Elementary Education for Upper Canada ; and a draft of a Seliocd Hill, which obtained the ii.><>ient of 
 Parliament, 23d May, 184C. On tlie 1st July folbiwiuf;, the Hoard of Education (now Council of I'liblic In- 
 struction) was api)ointed, for the purpose of estalilishing the Noriuul and Model Schools, and selecf.ng text-books 
 for the Common Schools of the I'rovince. I!y agreeiiu'iit witli tlie Government, tho old Governuient House of 
 Upper Canada, at Toronto, was granted for the use of tlie Normal School, until tlie erection of projier buildings; 
 and after the completion of the necessary arrangements, the institution was formally opened for the admission 
 of students on tho 1st November, 1847. The following year the Model School was opened. 
 
 On the removal of the Seat of Government from Montreal to Toronto, in 1849, measures were adopted for 
 the imraediato erection of buildings for tlie institution. Accurdingly, the Legislature, in 185U, ap]iropriated 
 X'15,000 for ttie purchase of a site and erection of buildings, and an additional X'10,000 in 1852, — making in all 
 i;25,000. Tho corner-stone of tlie new buildings wa.^ laid on the 2nd July, 1851, by His Excellency Lord Elgin, 
 nnd the premises were formally opened on llic 24th November, 1852. 
 
 The institution conists of a Normal Scho(d and two Model Schools: the former, tho School of Instruction 
 by Lecture; the latter, the School of Instruction by Practice. The students in the former are young jiersons 
 whose ogea vary from IG or 18 to 30, and over, wiiile the juipils in the latter are children between the ages of 
 5 and 10 years. In tho Normal School, the teachers in training are instructed in tlie principles of education 
 and the best methods of communicating knowledge to the youth placed under their care, — are "taught how to 
 teach"; and in the Model Schools they are taught to give jiraetical effect to those instructions, under the direc- 
 tion of teachers previously trained in the Normal School. The Model Schools are designed, by both the system 
 of instruction pursued and the general arrangement, to be the model for the public schools of the Province. 
 
 UPPER CANADA. 
 
 UNIVERSITIES AND COLLEGES. 
 
 = 35= >-S 
 
 School. 
 
 Kll. 
 
 listhonics. 
 inni (ilrounds. 
 lools. 
 
 THE UNIVEBSITY OF TOBONTO. 
 
 The University of Toronto was established by Royal Charter, of the 15tb of March, 1827, under the title of 
 '•King's College." The following year, 3rd of January, 1828, it was endowed, by patent, with a grant of the 
 lands which had been set apart for that purpose by the Crown, in 1798, at the request of the Parliament of Upper 
 Canada. The arrangements having been completed for opening the University, the formal inauguration of tha 
 institution and first admission of students took place on tho 8th of June, 1843, and its first convocation on 
 the 14th December, 1844. 
 
 Various acts relating to the University have been passed by the Provincial Parliaments. In 1853, Parlia- 
 ment passed another Act (10 Victoria, cap. 89), "separating the functions of the University from thoje as- 
 signed to it as a College," and abolishing the Professorships of Law and Medicine, and the rights and privileges 
 of the Convocation, which had been guaranteed in the original charter, and continued and enlarged by the Act 
 of 1849. Under this present Act, the University of Toronto is modelled after the University of London, England, 
 and is governed by a Senate appointed by the Crown. Its functions consist in prescribing courses of study in 
 the Faculties of Law, Medicine, and Arts, and such other branches of knowledge as may bo determined ; ap- 
 pointing Examiners for ascertaining the proficiency of persons desirous of literary distinction in the appointed 
 subjects of study ; and conferring the appropriate Academical Degrees and Honors upon such as attain the re- 
 quired proficiency, and comply with the prescribed regulations. 
 
 The officers of the'Senate are, n Chancellor, appointed by the Crown, and a Vice-Chancellor, elected by tha 
 Senate from amongst its members. There are no Professorships in the University, Examiners, appointed annu- 
 ally by the Senate, — Two in Law, eleven in Medicine, and eighteen in Arts, who hold examinations at such 
 times in each year as the Senate may appoint. In addition to Academical Degrees in the various Faculties, the 
 rewards for proficiency are : Diplomas, Scholarships (conferring a yearly stipend and free tuition in University 
 College), Prizes, and Certificates of Honor. 
 
 No fees are charged by this University for Matriculation, Examination, Degree or Diploma. 
 
 Visitor. — His Excellency Sir Edmuud Walker Head, Bart., M.A., Governor General of British North America. 
 
 Chancellor. — Hon. Robert Easton Burns, judge of the Court of Queen's bench. 
 
 Vice-Chancellor. — John Langton, M.A., Trin. Coll. Cantab. 
 
 Members of the Senate.— Rev. John McCaul, LL.D., president of University College ; hon. Adam Fergus- 
 son, M.L.C. ; hon. Joseph Curran Morrison, Q.C., M.P.P. ; David Christie, M.P.P, ; Sir William Edmond Logan, 
 Knt., D.C.L., F.R.S., and F.G.S.; James J. Hayes, M.D.; rev. John Taylor, M.D.; rev. Adam Lillie, D.D. j 
 hon. Christopher Widmer, M.D., M.L.C, president of MeJ'cal Board; hon, Robert Baldwin, C.B., treasurer 
 of the Law Society ; Rev. Egerton Ryerson, D.D., chief superintendent of education; the principal of Queen's-. 
 College for the time being ; rev. Samuel S. Nelles, M.A., principal of Victoria College ; very rev. Angus ; 
 McDonell, president of RegiopoHs College; rev. Michael Willis, D.D., Primarius professor in Knox's College j 
 the principal of Upper Canada College for the time being ; rev. J. Tabaret, superior of Bytown College ; Michael 
 Barrett, M.D., president of Toronto School of Medicine ; Henry H. Croft, D.C.L., F.O.S; JohnB. Cherriman, 
 M.A. ; Daniel Wilson, L.L.D., F.S.A. Scot. ; rev. John Jennings ; hon. James Patton, B.C.L., M.L.C. ; Oliver 
 Mowat, Q.O. ; Patrick Freeland, Registrar. 
 
 Bursar's Department — University and Colleges at Toronto. — David Buchan, bursar; Alan Cameron, cashier.- 
 or chief clerk ; M. Drummond, bookkeeper ; James Nation, assistant clerk ; William Morrow, messenger. 
 
 2 
 
18 
 
 rUBLTC INSTUl'crriON IN CANADA. 
 
 i 
 
 UmVlHflTT OOILIOI, 
 
 TORONTO. 
 
 On the first establishment of the Provincial rnivcrsity, the functions of Instruction as well as of determining 
 the Btandnrd of iiiialificntions for I'niveriiiiy lioiiors nnd dejfrecH, were comhinid In tlic one institution, and wcro 
 BO continued under the Univeraily Act of IHld. Willi ii view of mlapliiiK tlie coudtitutlon of the University to 
 a system of affiliated Colleges, the A<t Ii; Victoria, ca|(. H!), separated the.sc functions, and estaldislied Tniver- 
 Bity College as a distinct Collegiate institution fruiu the l'nivernlly of Toronto, and under the government of a 
 College Council, coni|iosed of a I'resident, Vice-l'ienident, and rrofessors. l!y the same Act it is jirovided 
 that there shall be taught in the said (.'ollcge Huch .sclenccH, arts, and branchen of knowledge as the Council 
 may, from time to time, determine, and as may be In accordance with the Statutes of the University of Toronto, 
 respecting the jircscribcd sulijects for exaniiuatiou. 
 
 Visitor. — His Excellency Sir Edmund Walker Head, Hart., M. A. Mert. Coll. O.xon., Governor General of 
 British North America, 4c., kc. 
 
 President.— Rev. John McCaul, LL.D. Trin. Coll. Dub. 
 
 Vice-President. — Vacant. 
 
 Professors. — Rev. John McCaid, LL.!). Trin. C(dl. Oub., iinifessor of classical literature, logic, rhetoric, 
 and belles lettres ; rev. James Heaven, U.K. St. Kdui. Hall, Oxon, professor of nictajdiysics and ethics; 
 II. H. Croft, D.C.L. Univ. of Toronto, ])rofe3sor of chemistry nnd experimental philosophy; George Uuck- 
 land, professor of the theory nnd practice of ai^riculture ; J. H. Cherriman, M.A. St. John's Coll., Can- 
 tob., professor of natural i)hllosopliy ; Daniel Wil.^on, LL.D. I'liiv. St. Andrews, professor of history nnd Eng- 
 lish literature ; rev. William Ulncks, F.L.S., professor (d" natural history ; K. J. Chapman, P.CS., professor 
 of mineralogy and geology; James Forneri, LL.D. Univ. I'adua, professor of modern languages; G. T. 
 Kingston, .M.A. Caius Coll., Cantab., jiroll'ssor of meteorology, and director of tlie magnetic observatory. 
 
 The above professors constitute the College Council. 
 
 J. M. Ilirschfelder, lecturer on Oriental literature : Rev. Arthur Wickson, M.A. Univ. Toronto, classical 
 tutor ; Rev. Alexander Lorimer, librarian ; , registrar ; H. Rowsell, bookseller, printer, and station- 
 er ; Daniel Orris, bedel and steward. 
 
 UNIVERSITY OF TRINITT COLLEOE, 
 
 TORONTO. 
 
 Trinity College owes its establishment to the prcservering efl'orts of the present Lord Bishop of Toronto, 
 the Right Rev. Dr. Strachan. For a long time it had been insisted that one of the chief objects in obtaining 
 the Charter and endowment of the Provincial University, was to provide means for educating the clergy of the 
 Episcopal Church ; but Parliament, acting on behalf of the people of the Province, for whoso benefit the 
 University was intended, and in further compliance with the request of the successor of the Royal founder, 
 amended the Charter, by abolishing the Chair of Divinity, in 184'J. Previous, however, to the opening of the 
 Provincial University, nnd about two years before the orgnni/.ation of its Faculty of Divinity, the Bishop 
 established a Diocesan Theological College nt Cobourg, for the education of candidates for Holy Orders, and 
 appointed one of his chaplains to be Professor of Divinity for his Diocese. This arrangement continued during 
 the existence of a similar professorship in the University ; and became the means of educating about nine tenths 
 of the clergy who were ordained during the continuance of the two theological schools. 
 
 The Act of 1849, while it abolished the distinctive theological character of the Provincial University, con- 
 tinued its Professors. Measures, however, were adopted, in 1850, for the establishment of a Denominational 
 College; and an appeal was made by the Bishop to the members of the Church of England in Canada and 
 England. The appeal, made nt a time when party spirit ran high on political and constitutional questions, 
 •was liberally responded to. In 1851, Parliament incorporated the proposed Church institution, by the Act 14 
 ft 15 Victoria, cap. 32, under the title of " Trinity College ;" and on the 15th of January, 1852, tlie College was 
 formally opened for the admission of students. On the 10th of July, of the same year, after correspondence and 
 modification of the original draft, a Royal Charter w-as obtained, conferring the usual University powers to 
 grant degrees in Divinity, Law, Medicine, and Arts. The Corporation created by the Act consists of the Bishop 
 and such persons as he may appoint to be the Trustees and Council of the College, and may hold property to 
 the value of $20,000 per annum, subject to the provisions that" the Corporation shall nt all times, when called 
 upon so to do by the Governor of the Province, render nn account in writing of their property, setting forth in 
 particular the amount of income and from what property derived ; also the number of members of the Cor- 
 poration, the number of teachers and students, and the course of instruction pursued." 
 
 This University confers no degree whatever unless the candidate has previously taken the oath of alle- 
 giance and supremacy, and subscribed the following declaration : " 1, , do willingly and heartily 
 
 declare that I am truly and sincerely a member of the United Church of England and Ireland." 
 
 The institution is liberally endowed by private subscriptions of money and lands, and grants from public 
 bodies. 
 
 UNIVERSITY OFFICERS. 
 
 Chancellor. — Hon. Sir John Beverley Robinson, Bart., C.B., D.C.L. , Chief Justice of Upper Canada, 
 Vice-Chancellor. — Rev. George Whitaker, M.A., Queen's Coll. Cantab. 
 
 Caput. — The Caput consists of the Vice-Chancellor, the Deans of the Faculty of Law and Medicine, and 
 two Masters of Arts, elected annually by Convocation at the first meeting in Michaelmas Term. 
 
 COLLEGIATE OFFICERS. 
 
 Provost. — Rev. George Whitaker, M.A. Queen's Coll. Cantab. 
 
 Professors. — Rev. George Whitaker, M.A. Queen's Coll. Cantab., professor of divinity ; rev. John Ambery, 
 M.A., Brasn. Coll. Oxon, professor of classics and logic ; rev. Edward K. Kendall, B.A. St. John's Coll. Cantab., 
 professor of mathematics ; Henry Youle Hind, M.A., professor of chemistry ; James Bovell, M.D., L.R.C.S., Eng., 
 professor of natural theology ; George William Strathy, Mus. Bac, professor of music ; Abraham James Broug- 
 hall, B.A., classical tutor ; Richard Sanders, B.A., mathematical tutor. 
 
 Faculty of £aw.— Hon. John Hillyard Cameron, D.C.L., Q.C. ; hon. Philip M. Vankoughnet, D.C.L., Q.C. 
 
VVliUC INSTRUCTION IN CANADA. 
 
 10 
 
 coiiPonATioN or tiiinitv coli.kok. 
 
 Hon. ami lligUi rrv. JuluiHtrnilmn, K.I)., L.L.I)., Lonl Itwlioit of Toronto. 
 
 Truilff».—\li'\. Ilcni)- Jiinii's (Jnisi-it, II.I). ; (Joorge William Allan ; Lewis Moirntt. 
 
 Trriinurir. — lion. (jcorKo Crookslmnk. 
 
 Counfil.—Uun. Hir .lolm llcvcrlry Uohinson, Hart., O.IJ., D.C.L., cliiinccllor; rov. Oi-or(?p Wliitnkcr, M.A., 
 provost I rev. Joliii Amipory, .M.A., profossor of iliisHics nnd logic; ri'v. Kilwnnl Kny Ki-niliill, Il.A., professor 
 of miitlii-nmllcs; vcn. (loorm. (»Klli Hlu.iri, l).|)., LL.D., nrcliileiK'on of Kingston; von. A. N. llethnno, D.D., 
 LL.D., nrclidiiiron o( York; r<-v. I|..|iry Jnwn (inisett, 11. 1).; lion. I'. M. Vankoiifflint't, D.C.L., Q.C., profos- 
 «or of law ; (ii'ornc Williiiiii Allan; Jolin .\riioli|; Lfuis Motlatt; lion. John 0. Hpragpe, vieu clmnccUor of 
 Upper Canada; JanuH .M((;iil Htraclian ; lion. Sir Allan .Napier Mac.Vab, Hart., Q.O., M.l'.l'. ; lion. John II. 
 Hagarly, D.C.L., jndirc of the Conn of Coninion IMeas ; James Lnkin Robinson ; Sanuiel U. Ilarman, B.O.L. ; 
 Cliurles Magrath, U.C.L., secretary nnd hiirsar. 
 
 UPPER CANADA COLLEOE, 
 
 TOKOXTO. 
 
 This Oollege wan e^talilished in llie year \B20, \>y the then Liciitenant-(Jovernor of Upper Canada, Sir John 
 Colbornn (now Lord Scaton), ih an iiHliliiliun for general education, and which might fitly prepare the way 
 for, and nllimalely rnmUl in lilliiiir, the I'l'ovincial I'nivcrsity, then only projected. Having first obtained the 
 concnrrence of the Ccdlege Coniuil lo the establi:!linient of a Roi/nl (intmmar School, he submitted to parliament 
 a plan for its connection with tin' rniver.^ity ; and his proposal having been acceded to, llio title of the Royal 
 Gramnnir School was cliangod to tiiat of I'piier I'linada Colli'c;e, uuti Iho institution opened for the purposes 
 of tuition on the 4th January, IHllii .Since tlicn, more than two thon.Hnnd pupils have been entered on its 
 boards, — many of whom are now occupying disii .;iii.shed jiositions in the Province and elsewhere. The ins- 
 titution stands in the .«ame relation to tlie I'niviisiiy, as the Preparatory and High Schools of other Univer- 
 sities, although su])ported by an eudnwmcnt of its own, aided by an annual Parliamentary grant. At present 
 it is placed under the inanagenKiit of the Senate of the I'niversity of Toronto; but the Principal, Masters, and 
 Teachers are ni>poiiited by the (lovcrnor. 
 
 , principal: rev. Henry Scadding, D.D., St. John's Coll Cantab., first classical master; 
 
 rev. Walter Slennett, .M.A., second cla.'<sionl master; William Wcdd, M.A., third classical master; James 
 Brown, .M. A., mathematical master; Michael liarrett, M.D., fir.st Kng'.!.sh master; C. Thompson, second Eng- 
 lish master; J. Dodil, master of commercial department ; K. J. Lelicvre dc St. Remy, French master; F. B. 
 Tisdcll, as.^istant master for preparatory form; E. C, Hull, drawing master; A. Maul, music master; M. 
 Power, drill master. 
 
 UNIVEBSITT OF QUEEK'S COLLEGE, 
 KINGSTON. 
 
 Queen's College was established by the Synod of the Presbyterian Church of Canada, In connection with 
 the chnreh of Scotland, and was originally incorporated by nn Act of the Parliament of Upper Canada, 3 Vict, 
 cap. 35, as The Vniversit)/ <tt Kins;ston. This Act, however, was disallowed, and a Royal Charter granted the 
 following year, bearing date loth October, 1841, nnd conferring the title of "Queen's College at Kingston," 
 with power to confer degrees in the several Arts and Faculties. No religious test or qualification is required of 
 persons matriculated, or admitted to a degree, " save only that all persons admitted within the said College to 
 any degree in Divinity shall make the same declarations nnd snbscriptions as are required of persons admitted 
 to any degree in Divinity in the University of Edinburgh." The management of the institution is entrusted to 
 twenty-seven Trustees, — twelve clergymen and fifteen laymen, — appointed by the Synod of the Church ; and to 
 a College Senate composed of the Principal and Professors for the time being. In 1846 the property originally 
 vested in the corporation created by the di.sallowed Act of 1840, was transferred to the corporation of Queen's 
 College by the Act of Vic. cap. 89. The Institution is supported by income from endowment, a grant from 
 the Legislature, suscriptions, and assistance from Church funds. By tlie Charter, its income may be £15,000 
 sterling per annum. 
 
 Trustees. — Hon. John Hamilton, M.L.C., chairman ; Andrew Drummond, treasurer; John Paton, secretary. 
 
 Principal. — Vacant. 
 
 Vice Principal — Rev. James George, D.D. 
 
 PROFESSORS. 
 
 Faculty of Arts. — Rev. James George, D.D., professor of logic and mental and moral philosophy, and in- 
 terim lecturer on systematic theology ; , professor of Hebrew, biblical criticism nnd church 
 
 history; rev. J. Williamson, LL.D., professor of mathematics and natural philosophy; rev. George Weir, A.M., 
 professor of classical literature. 
 
 Faculty of Medicine — James Sampson, M.D., professor of clinical medicine and surgery; John Stewart, 
 L.R.C.S. Edin., professor of practical anatomy nnd physiology; John R. Dickson, M.D., professor of princi- 
 ples and practice of surgery ; Horatio Yates, M.D., professor of principles nnd practice of medicine ; J. P. Litch- 
 field, M.D., professor of midwifery ; Alexander Campbell, professor of forensic state medicine ; Fife Fowler, 
 M.D., L.R.C.S.L, professor of materia mcdica, therapeutics, and pharmacy. 
 
 UNIVEBSITT OF VICTOSIA COLLEGE, 
 
 COBOURG. 
 
 The existence of this College is due to the efforts of the Conference of the Wesleyan Methodist Church. 
 During the years 1828-9, plans were devised for the establishment of an Academy for the superior education of 
 both sexes ; and in 1830, the Conference appointed a committee to collect subscriptions, and select a site for 
 the proposed institution, which they then named Upper Canada Academy. After offers of donations of land and 
 money from various parts of the Province, the town of Cobourg was selected, for the liberality of its offer and 
 central position. Upwards of $28,000 were collected, and in the autumn of 1832 the buildings were com- 
 menced. Various circumstances, however, delayed the completion of the work ; and it was not until the 18th 
 June, 1836, that the Academy was formally opened. On the 12th October of the same year, a Royal Charter of 
 incorporation was obtained ; and also, about the same time, a public grant, principally through the exertions 
 of the chief originator of the College, the Rev. Egerton Ryerson, D.D. In 1841, application was made to Par- 
 
30 
 
 rrni.ic instuuction' in lanada. 
 
 Uainont for an altfrnllon In tlio congtitiitlon of the Anulcmy nml ItH miiiljIishiniMit an a rnivoMity ; niul acronl- 
 inglv tin) Art I .\£ ■> Victoria, i m|i ;I7, w.k iimmnl, conforrin« llu) usual irnivcMlty |iii\vt'r'« upon ita aiilhoritioH, 
 under tlif tillo 111 ■' Victoria t;iill.'!<i« ai Colxiurtj.'" rmlor thin Act, tlio manaKOMU'nl of tlio Colli)|?o 1h en- 
 truJti'cl to a lloiirl, < oniiioHi'il of nim^ TriHl'MM nn<l (Ivo Visllorn, a|ipolntiMl by tliii (JonfiTciwii' ; nntl to a .Senate, 
 composed of llio I'lesideiit, l'rofe,<<or!i, Mi'inliers of I lie Hoard, a-id certain ollleersi of (Jovernnient, for thii tlmo 
 bcln^. The Kacnliv of Ann hai iM'en iji operullon sineo IHJi. In IH.IJ, an arrauKenient was made with tho 
 Toronto School of .Modieim', liy whieli tli,it in^^itlltion lieeame the i-'aeully of Medicine of the University. Tho 
 preparatory departnicMt sii.Hlains to the (lollejri- the flation of a (Sranimar or Hij{h School, and Is designed to 
 qualify pupils for tlie Univcrsily course, or to ^ive tlnui an elementary training in any or all of tho followinn 
 iudject^, vi/, :— Arithnielic, jfeoKrapliy, history, Knulish grammar, reading, penmanship, book-kcepinif, nlKiibra, 
 natural philosophy, French, Latin, ami (I reek lanj{iia(^us. Students prcsentlnt? themselves for admlsHlon into 
 this rlcpartnieiit, are classeil accorilin;; to their altainnieuts, and instructed in sucli branches as arc deemed most 
 Bintable. Xo religious tests arc prescfibed ; but all students are reipiireil to attend divine service tin the Sab- 
 bath, in connectiou willi wiuitever church they or their parents prefer. They are also reiiulred to attend prnycru, 
 with the reading of the Sciipliires, in the College chapel, in the morning anil evening of each day. The Insti- 
 tution is supported by tlie sale of Hcholarsliips, fees, and an annual rarliumcntary grunt. ltd income is limitud 
 by tho Charter of incorporation to Jt.'2O0O stcrlinjf per annum. 
 
 I'NIVKKHITV orriCKitfl. 
 
 T/ii Small'. — IJev. Samuel H. Nellcs, M.A., President ; The I'rcsidentof tho Executive Council, The Speaker 
 of the liCgislativc ('ouiicil. The Speaker of the liegisbilive Assembly, The Attorney Oeneral for l'iii>er Canada, 
 
 • ■• • L' I. II' I I.. I... ■■..„_..,.» ..... v.... «>.... II., ..-...,„ I^ f\ 
 
 noAiiD or viCTOuiA colleoe. 
 
 Trusli'i'.t. — Rev. Mnoch Wood, rev. John Ilj-erson, rev. Richard Jones, rev. Egerton Ryerson, D.D., rev. 
 Anson Green, D.D., rev. S. I). Ifice, rev, S, S. Nellcs, M,A., hon. James Ferricr, M,L,r., John I', Roblin. 
 
 I'initurs. — Uev. Samuel Rose, rev. U. R, Sanderson, rev. John Doiuic, John Counter, rev. John Carroll. 
 
 Officcn of the Board. — Rev. P,noch Wood, chairman; rev. fl. R. Sander.ion, secretary; rev. S. D. Rice, 
 treasurer. 
 
 COLLEniATB OFFICEIIR. 
 
 fcfsiVfH/.— Rev. S. S, Nellc?, M.A. 
 
 Fucully of Jrls. — Rev. S. S. Xellcs, M.A., i)rofessor of ethics anil metapliy.sics ; WiUiim Kingston, M.A., 
 professor of mathematics ; John Wilson, li. A. Trin. Coll. Dub., jirofessor of Greek and Lat'.n languages; rev. 
 George C. Whitlock, M.A., ju-ofessor of French language and chemistry; John Cami»be!l, classical tutor; 
 T. A. Ferguson, niatliematical tutor; William Kerr, J5.A., tutor in natural science ; William S. Thompson, 
 rector of collegiate school; Ale.xaniler Burns, assistant teacher; W. A. Whitney, assistant teacher; rev. 
 S. D. Rice, moral governor. 
 
 The Lectures in this Faculty are delivered at Cobourg. 
 
 Faculty of Medicine.— Uon. John Rolph, .M.D., M.R.C.S. Eng., dean of the faculty; Walter B. Oeikie, 
 M.D., W. H. I5rousP, M.D., Charles A. A. Howcn, M.D., Edwy J. R. Ogden, M.D. 
 
 The lectures in this Faculty are delivered at Toronto. Lectures on Medical Chemistry are delivered ot 
 University College, by Professor Croft, D.C.L. 
 
 BEOIOFOLIS COLLEGE, 
 KINGSTON. 
 
 The establishment of this college is due to the late Roman catholic Bishop McDonell, by whom it was first 
 endowed, in 1835, with a grant of nearly four acres within tho limits of the city of Kingston, and afterwards 
 by a legacy of real and personal estate. In 1H37, it was incorporated by the Act 7 William IV., cap. 6C, under 
 the title of "The College of Regiopolis," and in 1845 the Trustees under the will were authorized by the Act 8 
 Victoria, cap. 79, to convey tho legacy to tho corporation, and the latter authorized to hold real property to 
 the value of $12,000 per annum, subject to the following provision ; " It shall be incumbent on the said college 
 to submit annually to each of tho three branches of the Legislature, if so required, a detailed statement of the 
 real property held by them under this Act, and of the annual rove 'O arising therefrom." 
 
 Very Rev. Angus McDonell, president. Rev. J. O'Brien, B.A. ; H. Burns, Isaac McCarthy, and Michael 
 Stafford, professors. 
 
 CANADIAN CONOIIEOATIONAL THEOLOGICAL INSXIiniX, 
 TORONTO. 
 
 This Institution was first organised in 1840, for tho education of candidates for the ministry of tho 
 Congregational Church. A few students had previously been receiving instruction from the Rev. Adam Lillie, 
 while ho wos pastor of a church in Dundas. Tho number increasing, a " Congregational Academy" (as it was 
 then called) was founded, and Mr. Lillie appointed tutor, taking charge of all the classes. In 1843, a similar 
 movement took place in tho Lower Province, resulting in tho establishment of a " Congregational Theological 
 Institute" in Montreal, of which tho Rev. J. J. Oarruthers, D.D., was tutor in theology, tho Rev. H. Wilkes, 
 A.M., in philosophy, and tho Rev. H. Miles, (for one year) resident tutor. In 1846, the two were amalgamated, 
 under tho name of " Tho Canadian Congregational Theological Institute," and located in Toronto. 
 
 • In 1860, this Act was amended by 13 & 11 Victoria, cap 143, authorizing the removal of the College to Toronto. Notice of 
 i4)pUcation for another removal Act has lately been given. 
 
rUBUC INSTRUCTION IN CANADA. 
 
 n 
 
 rev. 
 
 Tho coiirso of Instruction oxt«niU over four letilont of eight montlia encli, nnJ cmhraccg mental nnil mornl 
 nhlJoioit ijr, Ionic, rhetoric, theology, lilblicol crlUclgm iinil Inti-riirctotlon, Jewlah ftntlr|ullie», ecclo«lii«tlcol 
 nwtory, homlletlcg, lUhrow, rlasHicg, und inntlimintlca. Htiidcntg arc required to paaii an cntronco examlnallon 
 in nrlthmollc, EnglUIi grammar and corapogitioii, gcogrnrdiy nnd history; and also an annual examiuation 
 attli6clos«ofcochac3slon, >» • i / j> 
 
 The Congregatiouiil Ingiltuto lg unendowed, but la iupiiorted in pnf f ''v an annual grant from tho Colonial 
 MlMloimry Hoilt-ty in coum'cllou with tho (Jougrcgatlonal I'nlon of EngluuJ and Waloa, and partly »)y annual 
 Bubscriptlriin from tho churchod of that body in tho I'rovinco. The Rpnual coul i^ ulxi t $'>m). Tho premises 
 occupied by it are held on leam-, and are gituated on tlie corner of Adtlrti'''" and Frnni i • Htrecia. Tho niauage> 
 tnont of its afTairi ig In the liand^ of n committee chogen by i"- nniuial mewtitVjir of the subrf^iribcra, held at tho 
 •amo time and place n that of the tJongregational I'nion of Cuu • 
 
 Patrick Freoland, treasurer; Rev. V. H. Mnrlint,', gecretarv i(»vs. T. S. Ellcrby, A. Lillie, D.D., A, 
 Wlcksou, M.A., K. Kill,.?, J. T. liyrne, and J. li. Uobin.^mi ; Mci«srs. Peter frceland, \V. !«*. McmJell, A. Christie, 
 J. Nasmlth, K. CIiIMh, and J. Hhaw, committee. The ollicors of instnif ' uu arc: rev. Adam LiHie, D.D., 
 theological tutor; rev. Arthur Wicksou, M.A., chualcal, mathematical, und Hebrew tutor, 
 
 KNOX'S COLLEGE, 
 
 TURONTO. 
 
 Knox'a college wn« eatabliahed about 181), by the Synod of tho Free Church of Scotland, and is designed 
 for tho training of itn tliologiial stiidenta. The course of study extends over tlirco scsslona of six months each, 
 commencing in each year un the Ist of llctober, and ending on the aist March. No fees ore charged for tu itlon, &c. 
 
 Rov, Michael Willid, D.D., profe.ssor of .ly.-itematic nnd pasitural theology; rev. George I'axton Young, 
 M. A., professor of cxegcllcal theoluKy, wilii logic, mental and moral pliilosophy ; rev. Robert Hums, D.D., 
 professor of cliurch hiatory, with the evidences of natural nnd revealed religion ; James A. 8mitli, classical 
 and mutheniatical tutor. 
 
 UNITED PEESBYTERIAN DIVINITY HALL, 
 
 TORONTO. 
 
 Was instituted in HI I, by ttie Synod of that cliurch, for the theological education of those designed for Its 
 ministry. The curriculiim cunsisH of four .';essiou.^, beginning on tho third Tuesday of October, and ending on 
 the second Thursilay of April. Students niii.'t undergo examination by n Presbytery, both before entering at 
 first, and also before returning each .session. Tliero is a prescribed list of gubjects for examination, in classics, 
 mathematics, logic, mental, monil, and natural pliilosoiihy ; ns well as in the departments of tuition in tho 
 Hall. A fund has been raised for giving AuiimmI Kxhiliitiont) of $30, SlO, and S-14 each; and for these there la 
 an annual oxaniination by the Theological Conmiittcc, on the sulijecta prescribed for examination by the 
 Presbyteries. Rov. John Taylor, M.D., professor. 
 
 BYTOWN COLLEGE, 
 
 OTTAWA. 
 
 This college was founded by the present Roman catholic Bishop of Bytown, and was incorporated by Act 
 of Parliament in 1841). Tho corporation consists of the Roman catholic Bishop of Bytown and tho officers of 
 tho College, and may hold property to tlic vnl'u; of S80(iO per annum. By tho (>th section of tho Act 12 Victoria, 
 cap. 107, tho Corporation is required to lay lefore Parliament, within fifteen days after the beginning of each 
 session, a detailed statement of its members and property, tho number of scholars, nnd tho course of instruction. 
 The course of instruction embraces three principal divisions: — 1st. An elementary course; 2nd. A special 
 commercial course for those who do not intend to study Latin and Greek ; 3rd. A classical course for those 
 desiring a liberal education. 
 
 Fees I'Eii Annum. — Full boarders, $ini); half boarders, §50; day scholars, $20. 
 
 Rev. J. Tabaret, president; Revs. A. Trudeuu, A. Soulerin and V. Burtin, professors; Messrs. Mangan, 
 Collins, O'Brien, Lefebvro and Brunet, subordinate professors. 
 
 ST. MICHAEL'S COLLEGE, 
 TORONTO. 
 
 This college was opened in 1852, by the Fathers of the Order of St. Basil, under the auspices of the Roman 
 catholic church, nnd was incorporated by an Act of Parliament in 1S54. Tho Corporation consists of the 
 Roman catholic Bishop of Toronto, and the superior nnd professors of the college, and may hold property to the 
 value of $4000 currency per annum. Tho 4th section of tlio Act 18 Victoria, cap. 237, provides that "The said 
 Corporation shall loy before the Governor, whenever required so to do, a detailed statement of tho number of 
 members thereof, the number of teachers enii)loyed iu the various branches of instruction, the number of scholars 
 under Instruction, and the course of instruction pursued, and of the real and immoveable property, and of the 
 revenue arising therefrom." The course of study is divided into a commercial und a classical department, thi 
 former for those who require only a limited education, suitable to tho ordinary conditions of life ; and the latter 
 for those who are preparing for the liberal professions. The scholastic year commences on tho first Tuesday in 
 September, and ends on the first Tuesdoy after the 15th July. 
 
 Terms per Annum. — Full boarders, $120 ; half boarders, $60 ; day pupils, $20; washing and mending 
 $10; complete bedding, $6 ; stationery, $3 ; music, $1G; plain drawing, $2. 
 
 Rev, J. M. Soulerin, superior ; rev. J. Malbos, treasurer ; revs. P. Wolony, William Flannery, and C. 
 Vincent, professors ; rev. George Northgraves, rev. Francis Rooney, Louis GIbrat, Charles Liverman, John 
 Shea, John P. Kennedy, and B. Maguure, regents. 
 
22 
 
 PUBLIC INSTRUCTION IN CANADA. 
 
 BELLEVILLE SEIONABT. 
 
 This institution is under the direction of the Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and is designed 
 for the instruction of both sexes. Buildings have recently been erected in the town of Belleville, for the accom* 
 modation of about four hundred pupils, and arrangements are now in progress for the formal opening of the 
 Seminary. Pupils are to be permitted to attend such places of worship as their parents or guardians may direct. 
 Kev. J. H. Johnson, principal. 
 
 TOBONTO SCHOOL OF MEDICIKE. 
 
 This school was established in 1843, and iicorporated in 1851, by the Act 14 and 15 Victoria, cap. 155. 
 In 1853 it was affiliated to the University of Toronto, under the operations of the 18th section of the University 
 Act of that year. In 1854, an arrangement was made with the authorities of Victoria College, by which the 
 lecturers of the school were constituted the Faculty of Medicine in the College ; but the separate or corporate 
 existence of the school was not affected thereby. In 1856, the lecturers of the Toronto School of Medicine 
 withdrew from their connection with Victoria College, and continued their school in the same manner aa 
 before ; and it is now conducted solely as an affiliated Medical School of the University of Toronto. 
 
 The course of instruction embraces the subjects stated below. Lectures on chemistry and botany are 
 delivered in connection with the course in arts at University College. Ten Scholarships in medicine, each of 
 the value of $120, are annually oEfered for competition by the University. 
 
 Matriculated students have also access to the University library. No fees are required for matriculation 
 or graduation. 
 
 Session. — The session commences on the (irst Monday in October, and ends on the last Saturday in 
 March, of the following year. 
 
 Officers. — M. Barrett, M.A., M.D., president; W. T. Aikins, M.D., secretary-treasurer. 
 
 Lectckkbs.— W. T. Aikins, M.D., surgical anatomy and surgery ; H. H. Wright, M.D., practice of 
 medicine ; M. Barrett, M.A., M.D., institutes of medicine ; U. Ogden, M.D., materia medica and therapeutics ; 
 J. Rowell, M.D., descriptive and general anatomy ; , midwifery and diseases of women and 
 
 children ; prof. Croft, D.C.L. chemistry, theoretical and practical ; rev. prof. Hincks, F.L.S., botany and 
 histology; J. Lennon, M.D., demonstrator of anatomy. 
 
 MEDICAL BOABD OF TTPFEH CANADA. 
 
 The Medical Board of Upper Canada holds its meetings in the Toronto General Hospital, on the first Mon- 
 day in January, April, July and October, in each year, and is composed of the following gentlemen :— Hon. 
 Christopher Widmer, F.R.C.S. 'Eng., president ; Charles Gardner, M.D., secretary ; W. 0. Gwynne, M.B., 
 William Durick, H. William Beaumont, F.R.C.S. Eng. ; George Herrick, M.D. ; W. B. Nicol, M.D. ; Joseph 
 Hamilton, M.D. ; hon. John Rolph, M.R.C.S. ; Joseph Workman, M.D. ; Edward McHadder, M.C. and F.R.C.S. 
 Eng ; John Scott, M.D. ; James Richardson, M.D. ; John Small, M.D.; Norman Bethune, M.D. ; Francis Badgley, 
 M.D. ; James Sampson, Kingston; H. Smith, Ancaster; James Wilson, Perth; Basil R. Church, Mirick- 
 ville ; W. H. Prowse, Prescott ; Robert Edmondson, Brockville ; W. H. Howard, Farmersville ; Henry H. 
 Wright, Toronto ; William Allison, Markham ; Roderick McDonald, Cornwall ; George II. Park, Hamilton ; 
 John Fraser, Pelham; Thomas T. Macklem, Chippawa; Ephraim Cook, Norwich; George Southwick, St. 
 Thomas ; William Aikins, Toronto. 
 
id is designed 
 or the accom- 
 pening of tlia 
 IS may direct. 
 
 }ria, cap. 155. 
 the University 
 by which the 
 i or corporate 
 )1 of Medicine 
 le manner as 
 
 id botany are 
 licine, each of 
 
 matriculation 
 
 t Saturday in 
 
 , practice of 
 therapeutics ; 
 ' women and 
 , botany and 
 
 the first Mon- 
 lemen :— Hon. 
 Jwynne, M.B., 
 M.D. ; Joseph 
 and F.R.O.S. 
 incis Badgley, 
 lurch, Mirick- 
 le; Henry H. 
 •k, Hamilton; 
 outhwick, St.