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Lorsqua la documant ast trop grand pour *tra raproduit an un saul clicha, il ast filmS A partir da I'angla sup*riaur gaucha, da gaucha k droits, at da haut an bas. an pranant la nombra d'imagaa nicassaira. Las diagrammas suivants illustrant la mithoda. 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 MKSOCOPY RiSCWTUN TBT CHART (ANSI ond ISO TEST CHART No. 2) Liiu Im 1^ |2jO 1 11.8 ^ APPLIED IIVMGE I ggg- 16^3 East Main Street P.S Rochester, N«w vork 1*609 USA ^S (''6) *a2 - 0500 - Phof.e ^S (^'6) 2B8-SM9-rr<' -Jy r\' I CANADA DEPARTMENT OF MINES Hon. Ma«tin Hurrell, Minister; R. G. McConnell, Diputy NfiNisTER. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY William McInnes, Directing Geologist. MEMOIR no No. 80, Geological Series Preliminary Report on the Economic Geology of Hazelton District, British Columbia BY J. J. O'Neill OTTAWA S. D> LABROQUERIE TACHfi PRINTF.n TO THE KING'S MOST EXCELLENT V > STY IPIt) No. 17,16 CANADA DEPARTMENT OF MINES Hon. Ma«tin Burrbll. Ministbr; R. (;. MiConnrll, Diputv Minister. i JJ ■^ ^-#- lioni tlw WMt tide of SkMM river, jurt above Haaeiton. i ^■- if < h CANADA DEPARTMENT OF MINES Hon. Maitin Bubuix, Mini«tw; R. <;. McConhill, DirvTv Miniiiib. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WlLUAM McImNBI. DiUCTIMO GBOLOOin. ' MEMOIR n D N I. W, Gbolooical SBtwt Preliminary Report on the Economic j Geology of Hazelton District, British Columbia BY J. J. O'Neill OTTAWA J. Di LABROqiERIE TACH£ PRINTER TO THE KING'S MOST EXCELLENT MAJESTY Kit No. 1736 , CONTENTS. General statement and acknowledgmenta ? Previous work Summary and conclusions _ General character of district „ Location and area _ Accessibility Physiography Glaciation Drainage , 4 General geology Paheontology Economic geology „ General statement Mining properties south of Bulkley river 7 Properties in Juniper Creek basin, Rocher D^bouK mountains . ..... 7 Rocher De Boule mine _ General statement -" Factors influencing location of or&«hoots j Paragenesis of the ores , . Chalcopyrite-homblende ore lo Silver-lead ore ._ Table of paragenesis of the ores w Delta property - . General statement . • . Description of main veins , . Lower vein . . Upper vein .^ Paragenesis of the ores ,» Table of paragenesis of the ores from Highland Boy veins .... 17 Discussion ._ Great Ohio property ._ General description .„ Table of Paragenesis of the ores jg Red Rose property .„ General description .„ Table of paragenesis of the ores jn Brian Boru property . . General description .„ Table of Paragenesis of the ores 20 General statement _j. Properties on the west slope of Rocher DdbouK mountains . ^....... ....." 20 Hazelton View property ^v. General statement on Description of veins 2« Analysis of arsenical ore * 02 Paragenesis of the ores 00 J7001— IJ •" ii Page Table of parageneeis of the ores of the Main vein 23 PreRton property 23 General statement 23 Cap property 23 General description 23 Table of paragenesia of the ores 23 Golden Wonder property 24 General description 24 Table of paragenesis of the ores 24 Properties on the north side of Rocher D£boul£ mountain 25 Daley West property 25 General description 25 Properties on the east side of Rocher D^bould mountain 25 Black Prince group 25 General statement 25 Description of deposits 25 Table of paragenesis of the ores 26 Other properties 26 Mining properties north of Bulkley river: silver-lead-zinc properties 27 Properties on Glen moimtain 27 Silver Standard mine 27 General description 27 Description of veins 27 No. I vein 28 Analyses from No. 1 vein 28 ' No. 2 vein 28 No. 3 vein 28 No. 4 vein 28 Assays of ore from No. 4 vein 29 No. 5 vein 29 No. 6 vein .' 29 The Main vein 29 No. 7 vein 30 Analyses from No. 7 vein 31 No. 8 vein 31 Paragenesis of the ores 31 Table of paragenesis of the ores 32 Discussion 32 Properties on Ninemile moimtain 32 West side 32 American Boy property 32 General statement 32 No. 1 vein 33 No. 2 vein 33 No. 3 vein 33 Paragenesis of the ores 33 North side 33 General description 33 Silver Cup pnjperty 34 Sunrise property 34 Paragenesis of ores 35 Ill Pace Table of paragenesh of the orei ^ Discussion _, Properties on Fourmile mountain « Non-metallic deposits _« Clays ^ Sand ?? Travertine ,, ^"<^«' ■••^•^;:::::::::::::::::;::::;;;;;:;;::;::::;; % Illustrations. Map No. 1731. Mineral areas in the vicinity of Hazelton, Cassjar district, 17,9 P- B"t«'h Columbia In'pocket Uii. Principal veins on mmmg properties head of Juniper creek, Kocher Ddbould mountains, British Columbia In pocket 1733. Principal veins on the Silver Standard mine, Hazelton, British Columbia ' In Docket Plate 1. Looking southeast towards Rocher V&muU mountains, from west I, , n ,. V "* "''*'■' J"'* "'^''^ Hazelton, B.C Frontispiece II. A. Bulkley canyon at Hagwilget; looking south towards Rocher Ueboule mountains on B. Tuff-agglomerate in a cut on the Grand Trimk Pacific railway near Beament station, B.C ■" 3^ III. A. Interbedde.1, fine-grained tuffs and tuff-conglomerates in a cut on the Orand Trunk Pacific railway north of Beament station, B.C. 40 B. Sharp contact of the sediments with the granodiorite on the ridge between the head of Juniper creek and the head of Balsam creek, Rocher Dcboul6 mountains 40 IV. A. MicrophotoD-aph showing chalcop>Tite veining hornblende. Rocher Ue Boule mine ^1 B. Microphotograph showing hornblende replacing chalcopvrite, Rocher UeBoule mme ^1 V. A. Microphotograph showing chalcopyrite veining and replacing tetrahedrite, both cut by veins of quartz. No. 2 vein, Rocher De Boule mme ^ B. Microphotograph showing arsenopyrite of the second mineralization, replacing chalcopyrite of the first. No. 2 vein, Rocher De Boule mme ^o VI. A. Microphotograph showing molybdenite replacing chalcopyrite and hornblende. No. 4 vein, Rocher De Boule mine. .. . 43 B. Microphotograph showing marcasite replaced by siderite Great Ohio property ^ VII. A. Microphotograph showing chalcopyrite veining zinc blende. Brian Boru property "•■»« B. Microphotograph showing fineness and distribution of thf gold Hazelton View mine " aa VIII. A. Microphotograph showing late deposition of molybdenite. Hazelton View mine B. Microphotograph showing wolframite partly replaced by another tungsten? mmeral. Black Prince property 45 IX. A. Microphotograph showing high grade ore. Silver Standard mine. ! 46 B. Silver Cup basin, north side of Ninemile mountain 46 X. A. Microphotograph showing jamesonite later than zinc blende. Barber Bill property, Nmemile mountain 47 B. Microphotograph showing arsenopyrite in a calcite gangue, partly replaced by jamesonite. Ninemfle mountain, north side ... . . 47 IV Page Figure 1 . Plan of underground workings, Rocher De Boule mine, October 1, 1917, Rocher D^boul^ mountains, British Columbia 8 2. Stope elevations projected on plane of vein No. 4, Rocher De Boule mine, 1917, Kocher D(^bouM mountains, British Columbia 10 3. Vertical projection of upper and lower veins on Delta property, Rocher D^boul^ mountains, British Columbia 13 4 . Plan and elevation of east end workings. Delta property, Rocher D^bould mountains, British Columbia 16 6. Plan and elevation of main workings on Silver Standard mine, 1917, British Columbia 27 Preliminary Report on the Economic Geology of Hazelton District, British Columbia. GENERAL STATEMENT AND ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. The investigation of the economic geoloev of Hazelton Histripf Z.r"!''''"*^''"!'" '^' ^"T"^-- °f 1»»7 'vith a^iew to stimuLtinHhe mineral production from this easily accessible and promising district bv determining the origin, distribution, and general occurrence of the ores and their relations to one another, to the gangue minerals and to the various countrj- rocks which enclose the veins ™"^™'8' and ♦<> the bv F ?''FXS''''f?K''^'? °^ ^^^ district was carried on at the same time 1 Jr . %*!^°n" Pf the Topographical division, for a map on a scale of 1 mile to 1 inch with lOO-foot contour intervals. The compreted portion of this map 1.S used as a base for the geological map. ^ the Zjfi^J'-^ greatly facilitated by the interest and assistance of all the mining men in the d.stnct, and acknowledgment is made particularly to VV . G. Norne-Lowenthal of the Silver Standard, Messrs. Harris of the Harris mines, D W. Williams of the Rocher De Boule, HE Clement of ttiS:t^' T"^- ^■^- ^"'■•H" «f the Hazelton View, for'their courtesy and ment '^ examination of the properties under their manaT ^hil- ^°l™**>^' *.» field assistant, gave able and enthusiastic service which IS being con inued in the preparation of the final report, and H J James was a capable student assistant. PREVIOUS WORK. Geological reconnaissance work in the Hazelton district was done by W. W. Leach in 1909 and 1910 while preparing a topographic map of the [hSe"jeal^.'''P"''* '' '" '^' ^"'""""•^ «^P°'*« °' ^^e Geolo^cal Survey for nrnJi^fi^^^-^ X." ?^f* ^o^ertson made a detailed report on the mining fnTn f r the. distnct, and the work has been elaborated and brought n^lt K *f •^'"T *""'' *°. ""^ -^'"^^ then by J. D. Galloway and the results From 19n'to ?917""rn t'hP""*' "' ^'Ik^"*'^'^ ^°'"™^'^ »"'•«''" «f Ses ZIZ t lu ^^^"- .In these reports the eqmpment and general develoo- Tre described.^"""^ '' '"''^''' "^ '^' ""''' ^°^ '^'" «^°^'^' occurreSe in fV,I°,l^^?*^" f -i^a^och made a cursory examination of the ore deposits reo^^n Z^^^ ''^ .^*'^'*J"? m connexion with his work in the Groundhog region to the north and in the same year R. G. McConnell examined a geological section along the Grand Trunk Pacific railway through the ReS-.f?h''r'%°^*^ri examinations are published inVe SuSni?^ Report of the Geological Survey for 1912. "•"inrj' 3 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS. There are several properties in the silver-lead-zinr ftroup, and in the copper-gold group, which are not being worked, and which have showings indicative of a considerable amount of niilling-orc and more or less high grade ore. These propertieK have been partly developetl, but work on them has been shut down from lack of capital, the cost of mining and shipping the high grade material being prohibitive without returns from the milling- ore which must be opened up or extracted in mining the high grade ore. For example, the claims on the north face of Ninemile mountain form a blanket which covers the whole upper slope and extends for 2 miles horizontally. These claims are divided into small groups under separate ownership, and at present none of them is being worked. Th"? .mme veins extend across several claims or groups, and milling-ore is common to all the groups, but only a few have outcrops of high grade or shipping-ore sufficiently large to tempt prospectors to exploit the property for that alone. The conditions in the area are such that the whole western half at least could be worked — from one camp — as one mine with a common tram system. An aerial tram, less than 2 miles in length, would connect the workings with a mill-site on the Shegunia river where the power necessary for operating the mines could be developed. On Rocher D<5boul4 mountain, especially in the Juniper Creek basin, the Rocher De Boule mine' is the only property which is in a position to carry on mining to the best advantage. The various properties, though not favourably situated for complete co-operation, would be immensely benefited by co-operating in securing a central power-station, a custom mill located on Juniper creek, and a common tram system for carrying their concentrates and shipping ore to the railway. A good system of accounting would readily determine the proportion of cost of operation to be borne by each property. In conclusion, it may be said that the district about Hazelton offers an excellent example of mining conditions over which a certain amount of government supervision would be of great advantage to the properties concerned, and to the country as a whole. If general" co-operation were made compulsory in cases like this, it would tend to more efficient develop- ment of the district as a whole, and ensure a thorough test of all likely properties at a minimum of expense. It would also conserve a large amount of valuable mineral in lower grade properties, which under present conditions will be wasted, or rendered unavailable for extraction at a profit by the exhaustion of the more valuable properties. All properties in the district are within reasonable distance of railway transportation; ther? is an abundance of water-power and of timber for mining; the veins aie .-trong and contain deep vein i nerals, and, there- fore, may be expected to hold their values to considerable depth; the climate is good, and the labour market fair. With all these advantages it seems unwarrantable that properties should remain unproved. GENERAL CHARACTER OF DISTRICT. LOCATION AND AREA. The district under investigation is known as the Hazelton sub-district of the Omineca mining division; it has an area of approximately 225 square miles, and is situated 130 miles northPM* nf P.^..^ d ifnlX™".^^ '^ ™;i- The confluTnce%rtheSke*enI a^nTSulklTr w^' at Hazelton lies m the northwest quadrant of the area Thi ,«•♦,! f ACCESStBILITT. 1 -T'^*' ^^^".^ T'"""'' Pacific railway practically bisects thp Hi«*Pint i„ making a 90 degree bend around the Rocher SLu rr^ountait rivin« good shmpmg facilities to the different properties. The ma^n tS w«Jnn branch"/ *^ f,''^^"'*. «"d Bulkley valle/s run through the di8tric?jSdw*^i?h An aerlal^rt,^ various mining groups, furnish easy access to the ?aiiry S^ waTon roacu7"lT milef "Sh°' ""''' ^'^ ''''' -^-"as ttTsta" Le PHYSIOGRAPHY. mcn^I?'! district offers a striking contrast between the broad valleys of the nnill hS^lH!"*""' r indication of the plateau feature extends This fnr GLACIATION. Valley glaciation has accentuated the topogranhic contrast ! fmn eating the spurs of the ridges and by filling S Zor ir?egubri ies with debr . The glaciers attained an elevation of over 5 500 fSnd nrt JS AboTttli^i'fS'"^^*T«^^^^y "P *° thrt\SX mte iiA)' Above the limits of the mam glaciation is found a very rugged and serraterf topography produced by recent glaciation, and manv of the smlu local In tK'V*''U^v''"?!^'°*'"' ^^T«^ ^^^y ^« °«t «how much sign o"ac ivHy In the Rocher D6boul6 group this type of topography is exceltionaUv Si Sffi/^Ts.*'^ ^^""'^'°"*^ '^^'^ itaeff ?o?hrf^rmSrofXi^ 57091—2 The boulder clay in this district has been reworked in part by the rivers, and partly removed; some of it has been redeposited ati finely Ht ratified muds and sands. Samples of these muds from the Bulkley River valley near Smithers have been tested and a report upon them is given on page 00. The plastic character of the boulder clay cut through and uxed an filling material for the Grand Trunk Pacific railway is *he cause of the slides which have occurred along the line. Glacial stris are found on the west side of Glen mountain in three sets — one north 13 degrees east, one north 21 degrees east, and an older set north 6 degrees east overridden by the other two. On Ninemile mountain, ut 5,000 feet altitude, towards the west side, the stris are north 31 degrees cast, and the movement was apparently north to south. All the above bearings are with reference to true north. In most cases the hills were covered with vegetation, or wen* weathered so that no atrice were visible. URAINAaX. Besides the two main rivers, the Bulkley and the Skeena, which traverse this district, there are numerous smaller streams tributary to them, which reach all parts of the area. All these streams, especially those radiating from the Rocher D4boul4 group, have very steep gradients and would furnish considerable water-power (See Plate II A). The Bulkley is a turbulent river, flowing through a deep, narrow canyon for several miles above Hazelton and is capable of furnishing all the power necessary for th" whole district. GENERAL GEOLOGY. The bedded rocks of the Hazelton district are all of the Huzelton series, described by Leach from the Telkwa district' and extending north into the Groundhog, as noted by Malloch*. Extending across the southern part of the Rocher D^boul6 group of mountains, are interbedded flows and course, ill-assorted tuffs or tuff-agglomerates (iSee Plate IIB). North of the central portion of the group the series becomes more and more evenly- liedded, with well-assorted material, distinctly banded, and with very slight gradation from one band to the next, but all are tuffaceous in com- position; this is well illustrated by Plate III A. The beds exposed in the canyon of Bulkley river contain an abundance of plaiit fossils in some layers, and similar occurrences of fossils are found northward to the limits of the sheet, but much more sparingly. W. J. Wilson reported that these fossils seem to indicate the very top of the Jurassic or perhaps the lowest Kootenay rocks. Near the northern edge of the sheet, on Ninemile mountain, there is an horizon containing an abundant marine fauna mostly of pelecypods. A determination by Dr. T W. Stanton of the marine fossils collected, places the age of this series as "most probably upper Jurassic." A folding of these rocks, which is well seen in the Bulkley canyon above New Hazelton, took place with axes approximately northeast-south- west (true). This folding was followed by the intrusion of small stocks or batholiths which now form the cores of Ninemile, Fourmile, and Rocher ' Geol. Surv.. Can. •Geol. 3urv., Can. 57091— 2J Sum. Rept., Sum. Rept., 1910. p. 91. 1912, p. 76. lue vaiii j8 viee riate IJIH). Th*- intrumoiw apparentiv rut thrmiirli »h.. sediments without cau«inK any nppreoiahl,. .lofleS "f th " Uddi,"!; PAL.SONTOLfMJV. A collection of fosmls was inadf from u marine horizon in the Huzel.r... series, which passes through the American Boy property an 1 is .^po^d £nVen £v Jn nnn 1o'^k"P'^- •'".'"^"^ ?f southwest Alaska near nerentieen Daj . in one lot there is also a singe specimen doiil.tfnllv referred to Aucella, some poorly preserved spechnen^ h^ .eem to le 0«rfect' specimens, there is one shell which appears to belong t^ he gens "wow more commonly called Perna. WhilVthe fauna lLkVstric7lv dia.tostic forms I iH^heve it to he most probably upper Jurassic '' ^ "«»K"o«tic A great inany of the sedimentary tuffs of the He .elton M-ri<>s in thi« district, contain fossil flora; some of the Ix^ds contain a n a u.rdance of the fossils and collections were made from several hor zoLh the Bulk ev canyon between the low and high level bridges and "rthrce p aces on he road to Nmemile mountain. W. J. Wilson examined hes^coKons and summed up his determinations as follows; collections and "In tins collection there are a large number of specimens but onlv «. Tave natdV/E*; J'^'""^^ ""'"r"« ?'"' J-t^re-rved are" h^ »^„ «'^ rf™ "^ sonie good fronds of Cladophlelns which seem to aaree specifically with Chdophlebis rirginienais, while others show consideraWe .?t?i'r'h'"?K ""«^' 'r ""r''>" P^^'^'^ '" ««™« other of the nmrSs into which the genus^has been divided. Unfortunately the venat'K most specimens is rather indistinct. venation in with'Z!!!}f!t"T!{^ ^"'*''"' ''''"''"'" ™"y ^^'■y '^e" belong to the variety with much divided, narrow segment.s, and similar specimens are so nhced fhis^Ses"" '"' '^'"'^'■^- ^'^" '''""' ""'^ ^^"^ t""'hey Cefito "At nearly all the localities there are specimens more or less covereH TlIf^T'""'':' «rd»«-like- leaves, either in tufts or Igk These probably belong to the genus Czekanowskia and may be C murramZ (Linley and Hutton) ( = C. rigida Heer). There are also a numb^rof tZ of a debcate fern which may be a Thyrsopteris. This namrBerrv has changed to Onychiopsis. What may be a fragment of a steTof SL£ s on 392-8 and a probable fruit is on 393-11. *^ On 39&-1 there i aSr There '.Vilnr"°^ '"^'f'' ""'^''^ "^^^ ^ P^^^^^d in the genus Sa b?st wi^h dr'r'"r °n* '^''"^ u°" °"^ «'*b. which selms to agree im o^ he tr,Tf^. ''* ^TT' ^^'^ ?P«'™«» ^^ "*» «"atic picked deposition ^"PPOsed to In- not far removed from the place of "Thia meagre flora Beems to indicate the vpry top of the Jurawic or perhapa the lowost Kootenay rocks." It should be noted here that the sedimentary part of the Hi) melton series in this district rests upon a series of crystal and of aRf(l<»n<'ratic tuffs; the contact passes between the Cap and the Hazelton View proptrties, on Rocher D^I)oul^ mountain, and extends over the ridge about one-half mile south of the Rocher De Boule tramway. There appears to be a structural unconformity, but this was not conclusively demonstrated, however, there is a conglomerate at the base of the sediments, which contains pebbles and boulders of the un« northeastern mrnerd survey district of British Columbia. It has been shipping since April 1915 has rabHit V-H^ P''1^ ""'^ transportation system, and has pa d off al liabilities besides making considerable returns on the investment. The HH^?1°^'^^S''?'"H '°"'''**^ "i "•"•« **>"" 2 miles of main crosscuts and dnfts, 2,200 feet of raises, and 330 feet of winzes. The production to date has been 5,800,000 pounds of cooper 51 340 was taken from high grade shoots above the 500-foot level on No. 4 vein the highest, and the remainder from a high grade shoot on No 2 vehl between ^e.l,000-foot and 1,200-foot levels, which is sSl bLing worS in opening up the high grade ore much second grade or mlling ore Droduct°thi'rf '"'^*^' '""TT^ •'^*^°'*« *° ^^t'^" ^ ""1 t« hTndTe^hU S'K hVh'S Toot"' "' ^''^"^^^ '"^ ''''' '""^ "'-' «^ ^-^'^^ •f . hi T^^ » ' I*"" '."T" "'" '"*" /he m.mntain for more than 3, 100 f.-.t •t till. l,200.foot U'vel and intrrMrti* four veinii, RiviriK a baek of 180 f.rt for tb,. lowest vein. 460 tv^t for thr next highw. 1 OSO "^t for the tram way vein, and 080 feet up to th.- 50O.f,K.t level of No. 4 or the main vein K work at pr»«.nt ronniNtH of driftini on the lowest level of No. 4 an.1 .,f fho v.1„''»Lr '* 'V^': 'T'"*"* l*^^^-'- ''"»' intermediate .lrift« to expon- i K . o^**""" ^" 'T'"= ?*.!H" "'""- ♦'""* '««'vlopment i. being puVhH I. mnl?h?n"7n7' fr"' "'" T '*'"" •'"••""•'♦-"•d. including a i-h.H.t^hirh roJS^r •* "" "vorages 2 feet in width running 7 per rent (M. J^*7?2T'l' lil !""!'' ^?'^/\y '" '•"•»»«*,"" ""♦•her WbouW mountHiu :,J!ri J ^ u **"^ T'"' o"''" "'/""T'" '•"*'' 'J mil'-'' from it« head, and S 7m /l7""> '*""*•""*'•' '.'' ■'•'^'" '•;■' -'••vation. to the top of the ridge n K^ilSde'iT/''; "• ^ 7"?^C^ approximately parallel fUaure* traverse the hillwde witn a general ntrike north 80 degreeii eant (magnetic) and SIS f r^ "V^iinK «»H,ut 60 degree, northwest. Them. fi,Sure« have «^uirT'* '^ -hearing, and the crushed country nn-k haa been partly replam by mmeraluing golution., ho that the ft««ure« have Ix-come vei im containing valuable depositH of ore. The veing are not of eciual economic importance, nor are all part* of U^e ««nie vein equally valuaW (Figure 1); ami. although all the vK are mmeralued. only two of the five have b^n nhown to contain high gnX ore^hoots in addition to the second grade or milling ore wWch ."found in greater or le«, amount in ail the veins. In the upjer part of the Wghegt Z"J°ori""V- '" ^'^'•'"'S 2^' **""'- *•'"' ^""^ iaW »HH«eH of high gn . e copper ore of irregular 8hape8 at approximately the same elevation but lower values, and, in places, no values at all. ^ac/ors Influencing Location of Ore^hoota. From the data at hand t he following statements may be made. ..f ♦l,T*'*-*'\I''T''r?^"*'*.'^" important factor in determining the position of the ore-shoots. If indeed it had any influence. This is inferred because t«rh!f«?i!?*"'K*'^ "° difference in its compositior near the shoots from that bordering barren portions of the veins. rtrp fiVlTJiK "*■''" "^ Tu* ^'^•?""?n- In Pia'-'-x. "liK "y inclined fis.su.es «- t! nil\^ ♦Tw?'' ^^c '""•" ''**°°*' *'"* the eond; :on is not so genen.l of the shoot '" '^''"''' ""* " determ.ning factor in the location Dykes parallel some of the veins, now on one wall, now on the other ,^t ZJlh ^^ **"■"• ,«"«>"«? "OSS dyke has been recently shown to out through the property, but whether or not it has influence on the ore depos. lou has not been determ-ed (See Figure 1. Rocher dyke) ih. J^- «*"8"f .^«^» not appear to have exerted a deciding influence, for the ore 18 found in varying amounts in all the gangues apparently without d.scnm,.iation except that actinolite is found in all the important shS tTem "apparently oolid sulphides and more or le^ replaced by th» Ir T^"" r"'''!? °' fi««»"ng, parallel to the veins and expressed in ^n^hTlo^'aSrok iTSr ^"' '''' '•'^ "" '-^^^'' ^-'"« and V^^&^^^:S^:iti!:SX 10 11 fhMT'°''"^1* of actinolite in places; a general silicification bound li!,Zft "^' *°*=^^*'^'" ^^'°J *°** fi"«d t^e interstices with quartz The result then was veins, with fairly definite walls which were Darallel in fndTelttJlir.* '^ f'flu''^'^ ^"'^^'^ ''"d contract boKrizontilJ and vertically to include the brecciated and partly ground-uo countrv ro. k (granod.or.te), or followed relatively narrow and E°te "fnes where the fraL^^f not shattered. The filling in the wider parts would then be of fragments and debris of the original rock, partly or in places whollv replaced by actinolite and quartz in varying imount, whereas the naTrowS parts contained s.n,.lar material but no fragments, so were much Ughter thi, L«P fhi"? fi««""n8 followed the same lines as the primary, but in fis ure had a ^f^Zt''''^ ^^' °?* homogeneous as at fi^t, so that the nssure had a d.iferent express.on .n passing through the different uanirue matenals or combinations of them. In the strongly cemented narrow portions the fracturing seems to have made a relatively cranbrekkSer Zf^A rT' ^u^^ °"" ^^ '*' ^""«' «^°^*"8 »»>«* t»>e vein in those porons acted as though it were part of the general country rock. In the he ro- c'rusrng.''"'""' °^ *''' ^''" '^' ^^^"""« ^P"-*^"^' giving the effect of fnunT*"^ ore-bearing solutions followed the second Assuring, and naturally found easy passage through those parts of the veins which had been crushed most by his fissuring; these places were also the loci of the greatest deposition of actinol te and of crushed and altered country rock bothTf which were apparently easily replaced by the ores Th.™ primary cause of the larger portions of the vein is not evident 3nn^ T^^^T ^''" Pu*"""^ '^".e t« differential movement of the irreguhir walls of the fissure, otherwise it is not clear why certain nortionVof thi ^anodiorite should have suffered brecciation Tnd why^?herappaltl^ similar, broke with a clean fracture. This point seems to be the uWm- e determining factor in the location of the ore-shoots ultimate tinn« JnTh "'*' • "-^ "*' ?[•"• ^^"•'''*'- ^^^'^ w^re two distinct mineraliza- tions ,n the veins on this property. Their sequence can be establis lo The Srs "minnr '"' ^'^T'*^" '^' depositions is not readily determi^^. I le iron.rf V ^ .? ■ ' T^^ }^^'''- '' u"'"'.*' "-elationship to that of the D-lta propertj, but is distinctive in having a con.siderable development of hemS' of Z^T^L""''"^''''' '""'''^t °' i^' ^^"■^'^'^"t magnerite and hematite of the Delta occurrence. The other minerals are the same in cro. ^» P'^f'tion the Rocher De Boule veins are nearer the contact of the granodiorite with the sediments than are the Delta veins and inoarentlv represent a progressively copier phase of the depositionrthe hotteTpSn for J^^ °'^ from the veins of the Rocher De Boule mine is chiefly valuable These metals are combined in the following minerals: chalcopvrite wh ch forms the bulk of the ore; pyrite, pyrrhotite, arsenopyrite te"ra- ' hednte, zinc blende, galena, which may be seen in .nlmo^t all hanScimens and magnetite and molybdenite which are only rarely seen o7091 — 3 12 The gangue minerals associated with these are hornblende, glassv quarta, banded milky quartz, ana small amounts of ealcite, siderite, and tourmalme. The hornblende greatly exceeds in amount all of the other gangue mmerals. Tourmaline was found in only one or two places and in quite small amounts. Two types of ore are found in this mine which differ markedly in appearance and mineral composition, and which usually occur in different parts of the mine, though in one or two places the two kinds were found in contact. The more plentiful of the two types and that which produces the bulk of the copper may be called the chalcopyrite-hornblende ce, for these two minerals constitute fully 90 per cent of the vein material The ohalcopyrite is usually in great excess over the hornblende, and conse- quently this IS an unusually rich copper ore. The other type consists of large quantities of banded milky quartz with relatively small quantities of zinc blende, tetrahedrite, galena, and chalcopyrite. The silver content IS more valuable than the copper and this ore will, therefore be referred to as the silver-lead ore. It is largely confined to No. 2 vein and is best developed in the 1202 drift to the west of the main tunnel. Chalcopyrite-hornblende Or-. This ore contains, besides the chal- copyrite and hornblende, a considerable amount of pyrrhotite, arsenopyrite pyrite, magnetite, tetrahedrite, and molybdenite. A fairly large amount of quartz occurs in some of the ore-shoots, but it is distinguished from the quartz of the silver-lead ore by having no banding, and by being clean and glassy instead of milky. The tourmaline is very subordinate in amount and may be considered only as a rare gangue mineral in this deposit. Cal- citc and sidente are much more common. The group of minerals as above enumerated strongly suggests high temperature deposition. ■ u A '^'^^l^'opyrite presents nothing unusual in its appearance either in hand specimen or under the microscope, and large masses of it seem to be quite homogeneous; however, Mr. J. D. Galloway, of the British Columbia Bureau of Mines, claims that analyses show it to vary consider- ably from the theoretical composition CuFeSj. It is associated more closely with hornblende than with any other mineral, and was frequentlv seen replacing crysta' of hornblende in a manner similar to that shown in v*l J ***'' "***^'' ^^^^ numerous places were observed in the polished sections where fringes of actinolite followed the contacts of the chalcopyrite, and feathered out in a manner which clearly shows it to have been deposited later than the chalcopyrite. This is shown in Plate IVB and It will be observed that this actinolite is also later than the pyrrh- 'He and magnetite. The chalcopyrite was seen to have replaced magnetite pyrrhotite, pyrite, arsenopyrite, molybdenite, and quartz. It was found to be replaced by molybdenite and, in the proximity of the silver-lead ore, by arsenopyrite, tetrahedrite, and galena. Occasionally tetrahedrite i« veined by chalcopyrite (See Plate VA). The replacement by arsenopyrite IS shown in Plate VB. The chalcopyrite which forms a large shoot in vein ]\o. 2 IS fractured and sheared, the cracks being filled with ealcite, and in the same specimen ealcite was observed which was cleariy replaced bv chalcopyrite. Pyrrhotite was found in all the big chalcopyrite ore-shoots, but seemed to be much more plentiful in vein No. 4 than in No. 2, though it was observed in the latter in the 1002 stope. It occurs as irregular masses m thi> chalcopyrite, and some evidence was found to show that it was 13 minfriV h''""^'"/''^ *'"' '•haleopyrite, but this was not conclusivo. This m nera does not show any cracks nor docs it contain vein ets of other i? fn&"^ffi' ''uT T^ "♦'•"^tures are the surest indicatorof paragenesfs hv^^nir '''*'"•* ^"^ *f ^^' '••^'^*'^^' "K*" «f the pyrrhotite. It is consider^ b^ most economic geologists to be almost exclusively a high temwrature i? ater' til 't\''"''^ *\' rV''^'"^.'; '^.""^ '^°"'''"«'^« that h? hXpyritc IS later than the pyrrhotite still there is nothing to sugRost that th,. pyrrhotite is the later; therefore, it mav safely be consXed that ft natuml sequence of deposition of pyrrhot^te-chaLp^inttlli!::^.**''' is -iDDarent^v fhi L? """^ ••^'^^'""8 magnetite grains and the magnetite pyXute ^ ^ """'■■■"' ""'^"'^ P'"*^*^^^'^^ **>« precipitation of the Arsenopyrite is not plentiful in the Rocher De Boule veins but is of two different periods. In No. 4 v.-in it is undoubtedly ear ier than the ee'n'° W' ^f """'''""'* '■^TP''^*^ "^ '''^''^ "»d vefned crystals were S ♦ . "• ^ """" •" '■'''■'''■"•^'' "'■<''■•■ i** found in which beautiful smaH veinlets of arsenopyrite traverse the chalcopyrite or follow sganTue contact m a most regular and per.is*ent way'^'^This is wdlTllistrftedin a tinnn tle'irXr' tT T'^ *^•' P*^"^"«™P^ ^^« taken TslJom a point in the vein where the silver-lead ore comes in contact with the chalcopynte-hornblende ore, and it is believed that th^ arsenonvrUe tlie .Mvpr' ^'t"^ \^^' '"r '«*« P^"°d «' nneraUzation that pmduced SU- wt^l^r- '"^r'-Pf the chalcopyrite belongs to the earlier perS m which the chalcopynte-hornblende ore was deposited. The aSonvrite sTf^onT J'nr^ hr^'i!"''^ »»d is, therefore^ of later deposTton^' No fhn^^„^ A^ ' °^H'•^"^',te, were observed in any of this arsenopyrite *^°"fh they are pentifuly associated with the arsenopyrite of the vSns on the Hazelton View claims, a short distance to the west ^yrite IS only sparingly present and its structures indicate that it Ime a?°tf '"^ '^rV-^; ^^'7 '^' niagnetite, and probably abou h samJ ^^^IS^^'^J^^SIT ^' ^-" ^-™te^<' ->'«tals and is seen oKt«!^^„li%**l' '""'* P'?"*!f."^ "^ '^^ t^e minerals present ami is trrs^ais^fptt?^!)'. ""' ^'- ^'^^^^'^ '•^p-^*^^^ -" ^^- thp JuL^^^i^^^ """"^T '" this ore, but in much smaller quantities than in ir^slTgh^Ty preceding ii."^"^ ^° '^^^ '^^^^ ''^''''' -*'*»>« ^halcopyrile Much later than all the minerals .so far described and followinir ., Farmed."' ^^^^'^^'''^^'^ "^hing, small veinlets of calcit^ml sidS^'ere nn«rfi'y^n^- °''^' '^'Ji' "'■*' *"°"'^''ts of large masses of banded railkv K :rse, :s.hffiS "^ '''- ^'^"^^' -•-^' *-^^^^^^^^- ^^^s^^j^irz zSiLi-^sSt^t ^h: most abundant ore mineral in this type of ore; it is frequently seenTprinked throughout the ore, sometimes quite plentifully, with small etched Sals cllcorrit^ Thlf^tf^f^ ''''^ ™^^ '^''^ •'^ "-''"y aSl aTea o 57toS1 ^*'^"^ture is so common in the tetrahedrite that it might 14 be said to be characteristic of the tetrahedrite of this ore. The amount of ehalcopynte in the ore is very small, and little can be seen besides the small blebs mentioned as occurring in the tetrahedrite. Galena is more abundant but does not equal in amount the tetrahedrite or zinc blende. The paragenesis is clearly shown to be as follows: Table oj Paragaunt of the Oret aj the Koeher Dt BouU Mine. Firtt mineralitation Uranodiorite FisRuring Sericite and chlorite formed in crushed xonrs Development of artinolite Silicification Second fiaauring Magnetite Pyrite and anenopyrite Molybdenite Pyrrhotite and chalropyrite Second mineralitatitm Araenopyrite and pyrite Zinc blende \_„u 1.1 Tetrahedrite/'^ "°'y somecimes contemporaneous G!u^™''}<>'t«-«-ver,ed £f(u/ pAoM Development of siderite and voining by calcite Products of oxidation .. Aft'n?''^ ia an important gangue mineral which in some sections appeared to come in aft the ailicihcation and before the crushing, in others later thai the first chalcopyrite. The conspicuous absence of pyrrhoti>, molybdenite, an-' . nblende in the second raineraliia- iL°1''?';L'' ^"? to indicate that the temperature of der ... of the second was much lower thau that of the first mineralisation. DELTA PROPERTY. General Statement. The property of the Delta Copper Company immediately adjoins that of the Rocher De Boule Company (See Map 1732) and extends for about 3,500 feet cast. It is on the north side of Juniper creek, and extends from the creek bed up to over 7,000 feet in altitude. Description of Main Veins. General. There are a number of veins on this property, but only two have received much attention up to the present. The lower of these two is thought to be a continuation of the fissuring on the upper part of the Rocher De Boule property, of which No. 4 vein is the main expression. It outcrops at intervals along the hillside between 5,500 feet and 6,000 feet elevation, and has been traced from one end of the property to the other. The strike of this vein is north 85 degrees west, and its dip is 70 degrees to the north The upper vein outcrops at intervals across the property between elevations 6,200 and 6,700 feet. It strikes north 78 degrees west and dips 75 degrees north. The Lower Vein. The lower vein varies in width from 2 to 3 feet at the east end of the property where a short tunnel is located at 5,900 feet elevation. A sample taken from across 20 inches gave the following values : gold, trace; silver, 0-5 ounce per ton; copper, 1 -5 per cent. Two hundred feet west, at the McDonell cut (See Figuit 3), the vein is 4 feet wide with 2 feet of low grade ore. Two thousand feet to the west of the tunnel, stripping shows a vein 8 feet in width with 2f feet of magnetite, hematite mostly, and some chalcopyrite, assaying— gold, 01 ounce; silver, trace; copper, 1 • 10 per cent. The remaining 5-5 feet is of decomposed material which assayed: gold, 0-01 ounce; silver, 0-40 ounce; copper, 0- 14 per cent. A very fine exposure of ore was opened near the last-mentioned stripping, 15 16 during the summer of 1017, showing 2 feet of high grade copper ore in the vein which is here 12 feet wide. The Upper Vein. The upper vein has been traced and partly stripped for a distance of 3,600 feet along the strike. The top part is usually highly oxidized and leached to a depth of from 3 to 10 feet from the surface, but Munrce Cut. f/ev 6450 vtir s mat. ie'Soi:a r Open Cut No I Hn 6330; 18 Solid ( Si ' Satrr'pie No D. 18 .vide ' ■ Sample /\lo3.i'2'ivide ; / Sample Na4, 3-24" wide -■•.■•.■\ y^ ^^''°"^ liaise Sample No C, 18 >vide Sample No I. iZ'^.de . ji Sa/np e NoS, le'-io'mde ; Sample NoH, Z6"fiide Geolo^ica.1 Survey, Canada Figure 4. Plan and elevation ot east end workings, Delta property. (By courtesy ol management.) has been cut through in a number of places tj expose the fresh material below. The veiu at the most westerly exposure is at an elevation of 6,300 feet; at this place three open-cuts and strippings have exposed an ore- shoot practically continuous for 200 feet along the vein and from 1 to 6 feet in width. Although many parts of this shoot show oxidation and leaching, other parts are practically unaltered and a sample across 18 17 Inches of the latter Rave 20 per cent of copper; and in the main cut a sample across tt feet gave 6 per cent of copper (assays furnished by Mr. Clement). From this place towards the east, open-cuts show a strong vein with distmct walls, which varies in width from 3 to 15 feet and averages about o feet. Only in a few places has the oxidizetl portion been completely cut through, notably near the east end. At the Munro cut, 350 feet from the east end tunnel, the vein is 5| feet m width and shows 18 inches of solid chalcopyrite in the middle- the rest of the vein is highly oxidize ' and leached. At No. 2 cut, 150 feet west of the tunnel, the vein is 4 feet in width: there are 18 inches of high grade ore (in the hanging-wuU and the remainder is of low grade ore. The tunnel at the east end of the Delta property (Figure 4) on this vem enters the vein at an elevation of 6,250 feet and runs for over 200 feet thus bringing it well under No. 2 cut, giving 115 feet of backs at this place, for a shoot 27 feet long and 18 inches wide of high grade ore. The tunnel develops no ore for the first 05 feet from the portal, then 7 inches of solid sulphide appears in the vein which at this place is 3 feet in width, and i- continuous for the next 27 feet, varying from 7 to 18 inches in width and following the hanging-wall; besides the high grade there is generally 18 inches to 2 feet of low grade ore along the foot-wall. This ore ceases abruptly where the vein cuts through a dyke at this place for 33 feet. A few feet from this dyke the ore was again encountered, varying from 3 to 24 inches in width in a distance of 35 feet, but of lower grade than before. Tor the next 27 feet there is a band of solid ore on the hanging-wall from 12 inches to 24 inches in width, which is probably the downward extension of the ore exposed in No. 2 cut. At 85 feet from the portal a raise was put up in the ore, but at 15 feet above the drift the ore stopped when the dyke was encountered. A winze was sunk a few feet west of the raise to a depth of 30 feet, in 12 inches of ore throughout this depth; at the bottom of the winze the ore was 12 inches wide at the east side and 26 inches wide at the west side, all of high grade. Paragene.sin of the Oren. TMe of Pttrageneeia oj Ihe Ores from the Highland Boy Veinn, Delia Properly. (iranodiurite. ^^adlP^iTt'coulrtT^'rSSf.'* °' ■*""'* ""'' """" "'"''"■''*■ ''"*' *""^ oilicification of the -^.^f'?°'''e. replacing altered country rock in places along the fissureit. quarti"" ^^ replacement of altered country rock and of the octinolitc by Crushina along the same lines as before, showing especially in the more siliceous portions Vein replacement by meUllics in the following order ""uoeous portions . Magnetite. Hematite. Molybdeni^ (in small amount and position approximate) •"yrite. Gold (a few grains replacing magnetite and quartz came with pyrite and chalcopyrite) Chalcopyrite, with a Uttle tetrahedrite ancf bomite. '^■■■"wpyriwn Tin miner^ (HDj O) trace, paragenesis not known. Veining and replacement by calcite. It should be noted that none of the lead-sine minerals is present in the veins on thU property. Discussion. In general the history of the veins on the Delta property has been similar to that of the Rocher De Boule veins; the main points of difference are in the relative proportions of the metallic minerals present and in the fact that the lead-zinc mineralization is not present in the Delta veins. 18 Magnetite is the most abundant of the metallic ir.ineralii and it w accompanied by a small amount of specularite. T- -st were the first of the metallicfl to be deposited, apparently a little In-iore the molybdenite which is small in amount. No pyrrhotite or arsenopyrite were observed, but pyrite followed the molybdenite in considerable amount. Chalcopyrite is next in abundance to the magnetite and is usually associated with a little tetrahedrite and bornite; it replaces the gangue, magnetite, and pyrite princi- pally. Small round grains of gold are seen in the magnetite, bearing the same relation to it as does the chalcopyrite; otherwise the paragenesis could not be proved. Although no ore of tin was distinguished under the microscope, chemical analysis shows that there are traces of tin in the ore. On the whole, this property holds considerable promise and under the energetic policy of 'Jevelopment which is projected, it should soon become an important producer. GREAT OHIO PROPERTY. General Description. The main vein on this property is approximately 4,000 feet south of the main vein on the Rocher De Boule, and is roughly parallel to it. The strike of the vein parallels the contact of the batholith with the tuffs about 50 feet inside the granodiorite at the tunnel, but farther up the hill passes into the tuffs where they cap the bathoUth. There are a series of parallel fissures on the property, but only the main one, 3 to 4 feet in width, is worthy of note. The veins often follow small dykes of camptonite, cutting through them or on either wall; and the dykes themselves are somewhat mineral- ized. The chief gangues are quartz and actinolite. The ore is not evenly distributed, nor does it occur in large, well- defined shoots, but rather in irregular bunches, or small streaks; one of these streaks, 4 inches across, gave an assay of gold, 0-04 ounce; silver, 134 ounces; copper, 1 per cent; and the total width of the vein nt this point was 4 feet. Tabu oj Paragenfaia of the Ore» from Ike Great Ohio Property, Fiaaurins of country rock Dykea of camptonite Fiaaurinc (ollowins dykea (reevt'l(ipinpnt of biotite, tourmuline, anil milky quarli I'yrite and aravnopyrite, latltT containing naffloritu I'yrrhotitc < Imlcopyrite Marcasite, replam-J by aiilrrito iinil limonitf C'ovellito and native copper The Red Rose vein is prospected b three iidit tunnels: one at ttii elevation of 5,734 feet, 160 feet in length; one at 5,456 feet, 225 feet in length; and a third which was filled up with sli le rock at the time of examination. Besides these, a crosscut tunnel was driven from an elevation of 5,202 feet to intersect the vein, but it was abandoned after going 400 feet without striking ore. The mineralization is usually on the foot-wall of the vein which strikes north 70 degrees west (mapetic) and dips 50 degrees to the south- west. At the main tunnel the vein is 4| feet in width and the paystrcak 30 inches wide on the foot-wall. A sample across this ore gave: gold, 0-84 ounce; silver, 3-2 ounces; copper, 3-9 per cent; and across the remaininv; 2 feet of siliceous gangue the values were: gold, 02 ounce; silver, 1-4 ounces; copper, 21 per cent'. About 300 feet up the hillside from where the above sample was taken, another sample taken from across 18 inches gave: gold, 0-30 ounce; silver, 2-3 ounces; copper, 8 per cent'. This property is not producing, as enough shipping ore to prove attractive as an investment for quick returns has not yet been opened up, but it is kept in good condition and with facilities for having the ore milled within a reasonable distance of the mine it could produce at a profit and at the same time pay for the search for the high grade shoots. BRIAN BOBU PROPERTY. General Description. This property is situated just south of the area described in the present report, but it represents a type of deposit not prominent at other places on the Rocher D^boul^ mountain, since it is altogether a zinc-lead proposition. About 7 miles up from Skeena Crossing a good trail branches from the main Rocher D4boul^ road and follows Brian Boru creek eastward to its head, a distance of about 4J miles with a rise of 3,000 feet to the Brian Boru properties. The claims extend across a spur of stratified, fine-grained, and coarse tuffs with some flows which are highly pyritized and are at this place about one-half mile west of the contact of the granodiorite. On the north side of the spur a vein was traced for several hundred feet, striking north 50 degrees east with dips from 10 to 50 degrees to the northwest. The vein averages 10 feet in width, at varies from 4 to 15 feet, splitting and rejoining. 'British Columbia Bureau ol Uiaw, lOlt. 20 I T''*' i'^'" P"'"* '* ™"««'y «•»•«*•»« anil country rock with u little auarti and hornblende, together with the metallic, noted in the paragS/ XtaXrK" *'"" '"• •*""''^'- •" ••"' "-"^'^ rocrconlainiS width, H opened by «hort tunneh. for several hunS fee , and k prac Uc i| J m^d .inc blende cutting fine-grained, stratified tuffH. The Mcond is operied by a .,ngle cut and ex,Hi«e« a mineralize.! zone, 12 fe.-t in widtir ZS the^rnt- rli': ""^' '" """'" "" '' ''""'''"^ "' ^'^ -" ^'''•'' ''« ToWe 0/ Paraonttit of Ike Ore, fmn- tht Brim Hara Proprrlu. Ai tinolitc nnd f|unrti '■yT'i'j'ilo »nil pyrilo (tnimlly earlier Zinc blenijo (rontiiininir MiK*ck» of ru iX.l'\\""i ~:" '■■'■:". >■■•■— ■J' oarlicr limn tin' linc liU-nilr) ?h»^.op;:';!?./r;.ti„r.1nr.Td:i.':! ••"""•""*-"»■<»» Pyrrho.i,e a„.l ch.K.„p,.,i,„ (i»li'nii «nU JuiiivMinik) (vi'inin« I'linlnipyriU'i ,o, J'"'. ^""»"' l^'Por'. "f H"' HiH'^1' (oluinbia Hurc.u of Mines for 1910 states that assays give little or no siJv.T. gold. „r copper A large vein containing mostly galena was reported to have been .hscoveml ami part y opened in 1917, but this showing was not Sn e of Hocher DibouU Mountains. HAZELTON VIEW PROPERTY. General Statement. This property is owned by the New Hazelton Gold Cobalt Mines, Ltd., and adjoins the TsTuZ m,"'' ^rS^^'' ^' ^T'^' T.'' ^"'^"^ companies toX west (^»«e Map 1731). The camp ond workings are on the west face of the mountain so that direct access may be had to the railway. The granodiorite-sediment contact crosses the centre of the property some of the veins are wholly in the sediment and the main vein crosses' from the granodionte into the sediments with apparently little change. The main tunnel is situated at about 5,500 feet elevation and is con- nected with the camp at 4,150 feet elevation by an aerial tram; from the com^et°ed ""^ '"''' '^ ^'"*^ **''*'" ^^' '""''' *™'° "°*" ^ '""^^ '« Several trial shipments have been made of the ore and development work IS being continually pushed; two lower adit tunnels are being driven and It IS expected that this property will ship in 1918. The ore is valuable for its content of gold and molybdenite especially, and contains little if any chalcopyrite. v "3> .f i^P'tr^P^T "{/'" l?^T>, 7^,"%^^'' ''•''■♦^'■«' v*"'"" crossing the property of the New Hazelton Gold-Cobalt Mines, Ltd., of which the main van is •1 the RKMt m)uthprly. The vpiiih Htrikc north 80 di'KrwH taHt (tru.) itnd the main vein diM 66 to flO denreen to the northw.*t. B.-«ide« the main vein two oth >rH have hen opene•'"•"«'»•» Ion - m.m 5'"»r, saOounrenB Ion » j.77 opnelHc (rmviiy, 1 te M'M unusual if not quS unique "^ " °' """"''''' **»""" "-ociation i« most RochT?U"Kivl'rs'ntu clr?'*' r/"""A''' «'dV"" '« »»•«' «f the amount of quarti KCaVl To " ^^^^^^^ hornblende with a .mall to be Huppli'ed by thec3d wall ?ock '^ '" **"' ^''"' '^"^ '* '» »»»°»8ht •re: a4r,SS'e1aXiL^'l^?nCrr„^ '."/'r ^'•'^" "'their abundance. cha.<.pyriterU%ro?a^^^^^^ cutting through the latter hornblende and is often seen in veins faces aglinst the gangue wh ch it"^ eDlaS" Thr.t^'-'h'K^^^^^^^ "^-t"' contrast with the arsenonvrite which ^vn^^ ^'"^'^ " '" """^^^ crystal faces against the hornbTende Th/&''?''"P' '^"P' ^"'"*"t, the poUshed sections cWeflv hv if« i . • ''''"°"*'' ^as determined in toward nitric acid ^I'stinguished by its comparative indifference formJiLTt^lel'm'oie" ^'''"*'^"' ""'^ ""-^ ''^ ^»>« »«terial mined dis.e2n'aSd L^thf hoinbT^^^^^^^^^ l'^ arsenopyrite. but is freely safflorite and f^xccntm<» « , f, scaiiered through the arsenopvr te and —I]^ ., ^^^^P*'"^ ^ ^'-'^^ small amount which wasseeninthequartzT 33 It b confined to thi.anit.nir miwnW. Aiwotiated with th«' k.>II arMipyrit«>. 7a/)/. ..; Paragm-mn »/ /*» Orfjrum Ihr .Vein V. .» ( iniiMxIiiiriUi Intruiion ( Hliuniljtnt wlinoli!.- JlllotncBtloii uui r»pli»rement .rf other iiiiiwraU by iMHt I'ynta ArMBopyrit«. Mlflurilo, lollingit* (■old MolybdeniU) ( alrito in tl^t*.JJl'.'l'i.»*oli*r •«*",''"n'«"'l>"'Hnpou« with th« «r«enopyriU. ,i,.o it » »l*ny, ...nlM.,l,|o.l » lh»t ml»lure, tho molybdcnito ctmtm later than the •nunupyrit.- mixtun- The L linol I in 55Si%.'^roteii;T ti!i:'lrw:i; zr irrlTtLTij,^^^^ PRE8TON PROPEBTv. (7e«f,a/ .Seen opened up by stnppmgs, ' y a 60-foot shaft, and by two short crosscut and dnft tunnels. Ihe vein is 18 inches to 5 feet in width antl cuts rrvstal tuffs which have been mistaken for granodiorite. The gangue is mo-^tiv of crushed and altered wall rock with some quartz. The ore is valual.l.' for Its silver and copper, and carries a little gold. 1 .'\«^^ ^''*'* *ll'^" *•'*' '*^"^^ ■* '^amplf "t-ross 2 feet of thr vein nave- gold. 40cent.s; .silver, 9-8 ounces; copper, 1 per cent.' At 10 feet in the shaft a sample across 2 feet of ore gave: gold ()()4 ounce; Sliver, 21-4 ounces; copper, 7-5 per cent.' A sample of 5 or tons of the best ore from the upper 20 feet of the shaft gave: gold, $1.20; silver, 25 2 ounces; copper, 9-7 per cent • The first tunnel came in 40 feet below the collar of the shaft, and pa.ssed through a small shoot which is .seen on the surface and in the -haff a sample of 20 tons of the best ore from this shoot, taken from the tunnel! gave: gold, 003 ounces; silver, 10 our-.s; copper, 8 per cent. Solid arsenical iron as.sayed: gold, 0- 14 ounce; silver, 10-5 ounces." Tabic of Paragenesia nf Ihi: On a from the I Vip Group. Circoniuh tuffg and andoaitir flows rLssuiinK with noine grinciinK Sericitiiation ■Awaya: Rritiah Columbia Bureau of Mines, 1913 1017. 24 vT«n,.ti;; '*"'"''" ""•' deposition of some vein quart. yiii A,-s,-riop.vni. "^ >iinl»>r!h" •I ..f:- 1,, ' ...... ite' fialena ^uJ^'f-ZT'" -""^ "-"O""'^- - 'he „.o,t abu„.Iunt mi„™K e,.e othen, an, pre«„t o„,y i„ WonS;^n>iru?tocl^^^^^^^^^^^^^ The C.olden fnte, chalcopynte, arsenopyrite, and a little east magSfanrdS S^gr^l^l^ThtS'^'B ^^'f ^^ r^**? ^« ^^«-- ».ut thV XcTTnto lowe gSi'ZTr?."' ^^^'l^.P^te in a «olid m^'s '•arrying a little gold Work k h.;l *• "".''' '''.«*'^'' '" arsenical iron te.st. '^ "^"•^'^ 'r^'*''"^ continued to give the property a fair v..in It^';b^lSV7t'3is'l "cri S ^'^^^ ;T'/"^ P-^^'J^I^ the centre f"rth..rinvestigation ''" a»>andoned, but the showing warrants n^r'^rhoTstes.'^slliSafe \Zo^l7 ^T'' ^^' ^^'^^'^ -icitized ♦•vorything exceDt the «oS rp "°^'^• ""• 'ormation of I'imonite T... ...n p^ition of ..... ....«,i.e .„ the para«o„e,i, couU. not be determined with certainty. 25 Properties on the North Side of Rocher DihouU Mountain. ♦ K ^K i'^'',»°rth side of Kother D^boulo mountain the granodiorite forms !.n n,K- K iw^f ^^"^ m"»ntain and there are several mineral loeations on whnch very little work has l.een done, and whleh show verv little promise. The Daley West p ,-; oHy has been opened to the greatest eitent. so a brief deseription w?;. !«■ n..t!i, THE DALvv WKsT piioi-Kui •. General Dexcription. The Dalev West property IS f unuc about ; miles southeast of New Hazeltonand is reached by a ;;„.). 1 wapon roi: J. It is about 3,r)00 feet from the northern contact and 6, • •'' ^ •( fr-m tne eastern contact of the granodiorite with the sediments, and consists oi u mineralized shear zone in the Rranodiorite 1 he shear zone strikes north 15 degrees east and dips 65 degrees northwest; it is from a few inches to 3 feet in width and is traversed by a vein of quartz which earnes the sulphides. The vein is expo.sed for about 500 feet up the hiUsu e from the lower tunnel which is at about 1,675 feet altitude, and a second tunnel is driven 125 feet above the lower one The lower tunnel =s 155 feet long and follows two small stringers which fnrthor^n fh ♦ "P'*!-* ""'' ^^-pa'atpd by partly decompo.sed grano.liorite; farther in the tunnel the stringers join and then .separate as before. Each ot ttie stringers carries an inch or two of chalcopyrite .KoiZl!*' "f ^r ^T"*"! '^«^''^''".°" *•"' '^'''" f*"" =^00 ^'^''^t "'»' W'rries a little chalcopyrite for about 100 feet in a vein up to a foot in width; the vein is then practically barren until near the face when a little chalcopyrite is again encountered, this time accompanied by some pyrrhotite which is not in evidence either on the surface or in the rest of the tunnel. The principal ITf'^nlH ^r '" J *" 'u" '? "^ arsenopyrite carrying a very small amount of gold. 1 he surface showings are not any more promising than those in the tunnel, and m view of the very low a.ssays in gold the property does not appear to warrant any further expenditure. » i «> ""^^s In Bulletin No. 2, 1907, of the British Columbia Bureau of Mines the following as.says are given. An average sample of about a ton of ore taken from the tunnel mainly arsenical iron, gave: gold, 01 ounce; silver, 1-5 ounces; copper! ()-9 per cent. > I'l »> A sample of solid ar.senic:il iron gave: gold, 01 ounce; silver, 1-7 ounces; cobalt, nil; niekel, nil. ' Properties on the East Side of Rocher DebauU Mountain. .h ^^''a'^/^}^?' '"*."^'''- ''''"*^''"^ Statement. This group is situate.! at the head of Mud creek near the eastern border of the main granodiorite nia.ss, and IS reached by a good trail from the New Hazelton-Telkw.i 3." f^K J " i^'r" 'Vt'^'^J ™''"*' 'n l''»Kth »"'• leaves the roa.l just north of the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway crossing. There are two inain occurrences on the prop<'rty, which are exposed on the face of a steei) hill and are opened by cuts and short tunnels. Description of Deposits. The first occurrence is apparently a shear zone in the granodiorite, with a maximum width of about 8 feet, definite wall.s, and containing one to four parallel .stringers of quartz. The material in the zone is crushed and altered granodiorite which is considerably mineralized. The zone strikes north 62 degrees west (magnetic), dips 26 f„o* ^k®'® are three principal cuts on the deposit: the lowe<,t at 4-^00 „-.M * *'*'"P|f of the vein-filling from an elevation of 4 600 feet ii..,v«. feet, ^ve: * '^"*'*'^'^ ^'''° material at elevation 4,650 this nS^thr'f'- '"^^'•; 0-6 ounce; tungstic oxide, M per cent At of 4,670 "eTga"™" ^' '"■' °' ">■ '«"'''«' ™° "»"" «' «» *v.,i„n Thf'?' "■■"i''' "'.'""' *■■■ """'■'i tung.tic oxide, trace." T-nW. of ParaoincBis of the On, from the Black Prince Group V\olframite Unknown transparent mineral Uuarta and uctinolite Magnetite 1 ... Hematite /"""" "> amount and local Molybdenite (position approximate.) I'yritcand pyrrhotite 1.=*) < "halcopyritfi I.imonite vein^!^^i^1r^-r&y^;--r™mite^.^^ ti. Jof^he;c«STU^h«A'?;;'n,'^i■pTaS^{^bte '""• ■"" "« »<" »«<»«''>>■ -^ with 27 frr.m^ffc'^'*'!"^?*^ T ""u*"-"' .^V«'''>' Py"t'==ed for sevcral hundred feet frZ f ''"*"'* """* '".*^^ ne ghbourhood of small dvkes whieh are o loZ.i ?r'r"'T\^f '! '\'" ^^''' "''^ ^^^^ the claims are most? locate0 o^nce; .,_ Average^of^jJ, samples. length 100 feet, width 1-7 feet: gold, 035 ounce; silver, 10-72 ounc^' Not.. These analyses were fur,.iahed by the superintendent of the mine. verf^MyaL '' /%I'hlf h*"°* ^'■°" ^>- ^ '"^"'^ ""^^'^P^ ^^out 50 feet inchLs to 1 foot in wiil ^^-^^ "P^"^^ ^"'^ ^^ ^^«t »»d shows a -ein 6 uitnes 10 1 toot m width, carrying some ore 140 feet' ffomthroortl ^^J /'"''"""tere^ i" the main crosscut tunnel, at Nn / T« Ko ^l * ^T ^^°**'^ «''0"t () inches of mixed ore. of o^?r 1 0^?eS ^rfrh'^'PTl^L'"/'^'"^.''''^ ^''«"« ♦''^ «t"ke for a dk^ance from' thisTa/rm'n'2Kunct1nSvrr' ' Th'^*'"- ?" *°"vf «^°'^ ■^«^^-' hangwail and the ore'lre^Sr l^Sesl'^S S^v^idYh'"'"^' "'^^''"' the porrarTnrdrifHn'.T*''' ^^ ^^f ""^" ^•'■"^'"^''"t t""°''l ^^410 feet from iegrees tc south Sh ZT'''"^J'n """•^-^•^""^ ^^^ ^««t 'o°g Pitching 40 in^nnL ♦ t ' *'* ***® ^'*^^ '^*'" '" '^•'•P- Samples along the drift Liten on pa^ 29" '""'"'' ^"' ^^^'^^ ^>' ^'J^ ^"'"P'*"' ' '^"^ th'e values are northern* Ifilf oT£' vein conditions were found to remain constant, the so5hprn.ndL the shoot being almo.st solid .sphalerite, whereas the southern end was mixed ore or was high in galena b- \ tetrahedrite th.Jh '^^"'^"^ ''•"I'^'^y ^"^••t== '^"d it has been crushed and sheared so filltn i^r -lu" ^^'"'*'*' ^' ^^" «« i» "«««ive replacements Cross fissures ^ri^ie^roth oTth"* ift.*'^ "T '^'" -">■'"« the^meth" .-UK ^ one or both of the walls there s frequentlv a band of siderit,. with ...enopyrite, the central portion of the .?ein contaiSng tlL S- 29 lead minerals. At on" plaee an 8-inch vein of the former minerals parallels and in places touches the silver-lead vein, but was not seen to cut it. Assays of Ore from No. 4 Vein. .•Vssayn— 230-foot level. !!2' S^~5"l"• to 1 " irom 'aco to 20 ft. north of tunnel JiS' S^J"!"- to 2 ft. tunnel to U ft. south of tunne! . . 120, W .— 2-ft. from 119 to face Xo. 4 vein assays (.Averagea). ^IV ••mplo KHith of drift on 250 ft. level, 10-ft. advance 95 sacks of line fines 67 sacks of zinc fines. 320 sacks from stope 240-ft. level 463 sacks from stope Gold Oi. 10 062 008 04 16 020 018 0-20 Silver o». 106 2 33800 43-2 31-6 115 99 990 inO'5 Lead Per cent 10 9-.?7 1 86 334 Zinc. Per cent 16-70 30 00 2.5 -.52 7-32 37 06 .^3•79 35-95 37 71 No. 5 vein was not known on the surface until it was cut by the main tunnel, and projected upwards. The tunnel encountered the vein at 490 feet from the portal and exposed 12 inches of solid ore, mostly sphalerite and grey eopper. This ore did not extend north of the tunnel, but was dnfted on for 45 feet to the south. A general sample from this shoot, 12 inches across and 35 feet^n length, gave the following as.«av:' gold, 16 ounce; silver, 106-60 ounces; lead, 1-59 pr cent; zinc, 45- 5 per cent" this IS exceptionally high grade zinc ore. On the surface the vein is small, but has been traced for a <.v«nsiderable distance. There are 156 feet of backs from the tunnel level to the surface, but It IS not known how much ore is to be found there. No. 6 vein was encountered in the main tunnel at 635 feet from the portal where a vein 12 inches to 2 feet wide contains a little sphalerite galena, pyrite arsenopyrite, tetrahedrite, and pyrrhotite, scattered through a matrix of milky quartz. There is no shipping ore exposed, but no drifting has been done as yet. A sample across the whole vein at the point of intersection of the tunnel gave:> gold, 002 ounce; silver, 2-4 ounces- zinc, 6-5 per cent; a low grade milling ore. On the surface the vein had been known at an exposure 225 feet south of the centre line of the tunnel, where it is 6 to 14 inches in widtl. and gave the following as.say:> gold, 0-10 ounce; silver, 179-04 ounces; lead, 23-2 per cent. The Main vein strikes north 25 degrees east, dips .0 degrees southeast. and IS crosscut by the main tunnel at a distance of 870 feet from the portal and 290 feet south of the main shaft. Altogether there has been 500 feet of drifting on tiie Hanfe-wall section and 300 feet on the Foot-wall sectio.. 1 1 ^/ulV ^^n^l^^ *')'' ™^'" '' '* ^^^'■e ^re two raises connecting this level with the 150-foot level. South of the tunnel, drifting was carried for 85 feet in a quartz vein with very little ore; to the north there were several small bunches of ore, ■Aaaays fumiahed by the mine. 30 the shoot from the 150-fnnt IpvoI t . ^i! !r Shipping ore occurred in wi.lth, und all of mHHng or^ M the'driftTfhoT.^ '""I?!!*" ^ ^''' '" feot hdow the 400-foot leve therfare 6 nlp-f i" }^^ '''^'^' ^** total distance of 400 fS drifted Thii °^ '^*'"'' «™^^ "'"•" ^"'' t''^ cent (mine samples aid aSys" '^ ' ^^^^' ^ ^' ''°*' ^'°^' 2 per inches wide was d scovered. Analyses' of th^ «« f,^^ !l- ^ '* ^^ as follows: ^imiyses oi the ore from this occurrence are 'Analyses furnished by mine. 31 Analyseis of Ore from No. 7 Vein. Gold 0»9. per Ion 18 feet tjolow Burface, IS inph,e« wide S feet from above nuinple, 20 inches wide 36 aackit of ore SOsacka of ore 2S sarks IS inches to ? ft. of lincy ore.... . . i^haft 16 .^ct deep containa 3-.S per cent of ( 'u Average 3.? aaoka 18 inches to 2-f t.-vcin. . . . Average 106 sacks Silver Oi«. per ton 028 O'OS 30 0-24 IS 0-20 20 16 Lead Per cent 1S3 107-20 224-3 229-8 13.1 00 241,5 236 8 180 1 17 1 13 U 24-8 l'i-3 9li 17-0 .32-7 21 Zinc I'er cent 30 40 27-7 -10-3 42 6 58-0 .30-8 28-2 The zinc content of this shoot is very exceptional and the high silver and notioeable copper content suggests that the grey copper, or pronciiv freibergite, is also abundant. i i j^ On the 250-foot level a crosscut has been run from the main shaft to tap thi.s vein The vein was found to be of milky quartz with bands 2 inches m width on both hang-wall and foot-wall, and it contained >^ome pyrite, arsenopyrite, chalcopyrite, and siderite, but no galena, sphalerite or grey copper; analyses gave only a trace of lead. The vein at this kvel varies in width from 6 inches to 3 feet, and in 170 feet of drifting no ore was encountered. ,No. 8 vein outcrops about 100 feet vertically above and 400 feet horizontally east of No. 7 vein. Only surface work has been done m this vein so far, and it has opened an ore-shoot 100 feet in length and 3 feet in width. A crosscut from the 250-foot level would give 500 feet of l)icks on this vein. There are several other veins east of No. 8 and at higher altitudes but so far as is known at present they are of minor importance. ' On the east side of the mountain an adit tunnel is driven in on a 15- inch quartz vein which strikes east and dips GO degrees to the north The vein has many small stringers branching from it into the sediments, and at .10 feet from the portal a fault zone filled with gouge ana aiiner'dized cuts off the vein, apparently offsetting it towards the south. The fault strikes north 10 degrees east and flips about 80 degrees to the east Paragenesis of the Ores. The mineralization of the vein was similar to that in the veins described above, but pyrite is most abundant and the other minerals occur only sparingly in the part opened up Table of ParaoenesU o/ the Ores from the Silver Standard .Wine. Fiaauring of the tuffaceous sediments Deposition of vein quart! Siderite replacing vein quarts fPyrrhotito | .Met*llic8-First ISS^'J^pyrite /''"''t'""" ''"'ying, but all replace siderite and quart, mineralisation j Freibergitef '(Small amount) I Chalcopyrite / v^old Position later than arsenopyrite 33 (Zinc blend* ,, . „, 'Kreibenjile HeUll.r» -Second Tenn«ntite About Mme liin. minernliiulion (Chalcopyrite f * (ialena I Jameaonite Minor rnuhinic ( 'alcite Mbrciuite < 'pvollite I.imonitc or,, onrth- r S*'*'i?"r'"^.'''"''r'' ?"• i« very nimilur to th. nilvor-leacl nuts' iir„iffir„'„'L'" '■°"'""'""' «"-*^»"i' »»■«.£«: negliiblT " '■''■^' '■"'" ''^'"''^^Py"^*' P'-''«"nt nn.l the values in copper are .r< J**® o'?'y 'actor 80 far shown to be associated with the location of th*. ^rt^hoots IS the occurrence of small fissures which join the main ven a? from L^^-^'f'''''^^^'"*^ ?^^' themselves mineralized for a sK distance Properties on Ninemile Mountain. West Side. pasHOH alH)ut 1,10() foot Wlow the prc.pirty, a Hwitrh-lmok trail l.a.l.s from the road up to tho mino workingn. Thw are a number of parallel veins on this property similar to tlx.s,. on the Silver StnndanI which is approximatelv 2 miles due west Thes,. veins strike roughly north 30 to 40 degrees ..ast. and dip 40 to 70 degrees southeast; they are offset by a series of small faults, but not to an extent to eause ineonvenience in development. The country rocks are of the Hazelton series, similar to those at the ^llyer fetandard, and there are a few small dykes of granodiorite-norphvrv which were earlier than the mineralization. • i . . Since this prop<'rty was shut down and there were no mine plan- available, It was not studied in the same detail as was the Silver Standard which furnished good facilities for an examination and is verv similar ul tlie Americi n Isny occurrence. There an three main veins opened up on the proin-rtv, and a fouitl, which may Ik' an <>xtension of one of the others. A good description of these veins is to be found in the report of the Minister of Mines for British Columbia, 1914, and the assays given below are taken from that report Ihe veins are strong, true, fissure veins which varv from (i inches t,. o feet m width. The mine was shut down because the high grade material was not sufficiently concentrated in the veins to permit of economical mining unless the second grade material which had to be taken out during develop- ment was utilized. Since funds were not available to erect a mill the property was closed. Now that the Silver Standard mine has erected a mill and will accept custom ore, this propertv is being reopened and should become an important producer. \o. 1 vein conta ns an ore-shoot 90 feet long on the surface, consisting of galena and zinc blende, with les.ser amounts of jamesonite, tetrahedrite pynte, and chalcopyrite, in a gangue of quartz. The sulphides frequently exhibit a banded structure. The vein has been developed by a 100-foot shaft with short drifts at the 27 and 50-foot levels, and bv a 25-foot shaft a short distance from the main one. A sample across 20 inches on the 27-foot level assayed: gold, 010 ounce; silver, 47-4 ounces; lead, 11 per cent. Picked high grade ore from the 25-foot shaft assayed- gold o'lO ounce; silver, 681-2 ounces; lead, 31 per cent. No. 2 vein i 1 .50 feet southeast of No. 1, somewhat similar in mineraliza- tion, and 18 2 t(. d feet in width. A sample of selected ore assayed: gold K *ToTi-' !'''T' ^^! """?*' : '*■'''•' ^^-2 P<^r cent. There is said to be a shoot 120 feet in length on this vein. No. 3 vein is about 600 feet from No. 2; it varies from 1 to 3 feet in width, and has been opened by a 180-foot shaft with short drifts from the 100 and 150-foot levels. About 100 tons of ore shipped in 1912, taken mostly from this shaft, is said to have netted about $7,000. Paragenesis of the Ores. The paragenesis of the ores on the Silver Btandard property also holds good for this property. North Side. General Description. The deposits in this locality are associated with a .small boss of granodionte which has been exposed on the north face of the mountain (Map 1731). The granodiorite is exposed in the shape of 34 on i.rd":ir»;:r„r.s,,,J,tii,r '■'''-' ""- ■""' "-' ■»- "•""< « inc second tunnel, (ihout 150 feet lowpr U inn f„„* i i l irolfi tr-.n,.- «:k, ,,r^ "' ^? T*' "" '» o«"e. A sampe a.saved'- ffi£"ond'Sp^XXJ^a/-i.:-SSS''=:.!^-f^!;;i The lowest tunnel, the Duehe»<, was driven 140 feet hut ^ftoP inn f . fifti Z-^" '"^^ '??'"'''■*' ^«"^« •" granodiorite. The lowei?is at 4 Q^.J feet elevation; , strikes north 10 degrees east and d ps 45 d'^ees south ized, chiefly withtiri'jre^onSl^^^I t b cto^^'d^2^S ■Aanyi by Britiah Columbia Bureau of M i><«« 8„ to 12 inrhoH of anv.lopiii,.nt and ar.> .•xcn- ttunally pronnxuiK. ■ ^ i ,, Ansays l.y the HritiMh Columhia Hur.-au of Mine*, of Nunipl.,. from Sunw't uroiip, arc an follow m: ' „ I I'n'fil^ '■''■"" ''"!''"" ^'■"'" " ■*■'"''' ''trinurr in niinoralizcd Mh.ar zone: Jtold, ()()2ounc.'; Hilv.r. I4(» <.iinc<«; Irad. 72- ". per Cfiit Ai-roHH '. U'vt of «h.'ar zonr: silver, 4!»H ounces l.-ad, 24-2 iwr ccnf zinc, 5-2 |X'r cint. ' ' 1 „^ 'i*i''i'\'''' '"'■ ^'■""' """":>'"'""' '"< ^■"• 2: gold, trac..; .ilvrr, SO ounc-s; lend, 01 ti |Hr cent; zinc, 7') per iint. iMirtlur cast in the otlicr lm.«in!« siniilar dcpiwits arc known, but the above dcNcnptionn arc typical. l',imy,n,,is of Ons' The parajtcn-sis of the orc^ from this localitv is similar for all the dcpo.sitM and is as foljow.s. TMv ofParaocMiM oflht Ore, »* Ihf \,„ih Sidt «/ Mnrmile Muuntatit. Fi«urinH ..f t!,P rountry r.Kk with ;li.. forii...ti„n ..f v..in» iin.l Kli..,ir i.>no» l>.'(>.l.sllli.n cil iiunrti Wlh m.llll- illl.ilc ««r .mu •. ^lll^'^it(• Arwnopyrilo and pyrile Zinc hlcnilo IVlnilii'ilriiu ] •liirneHiinito { ,h^/:\T..]'i'T}" '1 l""!""y ""' '"":,"«'"'"'l"n' >n..f,.lli,- ,„i„,.r,.l. H>,.n jn,n nit,., „,„l .1,,.,, ^al.-na- then. i« frmHi.l,.rut.l,. (i„,.|y ,ry„„||,„,. „M.„„|,yn.,.. I,ui nm :«. .„u,.|, ,t ,|,„ otlifr in ■ N 'l,? - \A shown the n.|.ili>.n»liip<>f till. jamo»onil..|„ II,,. line- l,l,.|..lu. ■ ni, <,ii„ r r„im r.il... I l»te DiscuKsion. The Nincmih- ore consists onlv of the folluwiiiK n.inei.ils- pyritc, arsenopyrite. zinc l)h.nde. jjalena. jamesonitc, and tetralicliifc in a" HaiiKUc of quartz and calcitc. The pyrite and arsenopvrit.' are .iistinctiv earlier than all the other minerals and are foMowed by zinc bl.n,, ,d tctrahedrite (jamesonitc and gah-na). The calcit.- is" earlier than he metallic minerals and is nmimonly found thickly impn'tjnated with needh's of jamesonitc as in Plate XB. Th.rc doc.s not appear to have been two di-stinrt periods of mineralizi.tion, but simply a gradual coolinc of the 8olution.s as they precipitated their minerals in these veins It seems unwarranted that these properties should remain idle at a time when lead and silver aiv in such demand They could be reasonably proved at no jireat expcn.se an.l they are admirably sit'uated for co-oi.erativc handliUK of ore to a miU-site, say on the Shegunia river just below them- this stream could also furnish all the pcver ncccs.sary for a large develoi> ment. At present there is a good wagon road from" the railway at New Hazclton to the properties, a distance of about 10 miles by road". Properties on Fourmile Mountain. • . ^"^u""'/ .""'ii"\f'." '" situated about 4 miles northca;;! of Hazelton, just north of the Bu klcy river, and is reached by a good wagcm road. It rises to 2,200 feet altitude, or 1,400 feet above the river, and has an almost circular core of granodioiite which is about 4,000 tV?t in diameter On the north, west, and south sides of this mountain usually in the ..■.■om|;:,,&nri,7.™rr':',','i,';"'''''"' •" "-•'■'"" "■ ■"•■'" "• NON-METALLK" DEPOSITS. CL.VY8. ^itrifieJ wais^ " "'^'"^ ^"'•^'•' ""^ ^«"""t »'" "««^d '" the manufacture of 'Leaih, W W , G«>!. frofv.. Qui., Sum. It^., iW)». 37 "Itii UHi'K lire ronrincd to th<« nmiiufaitiire of conmion huihliriK lirick nnd (ii'ld drain tile, hut it W()ui«l rrcjiiirf tin- addition of 20 to M) imp cent of wind in ordtr to rfdiu-e the HhrinknucH. "Th.< HumpU- Hiibmitted ».y Mr. Hiirri-t in prttclieally the wuno kind of day UM that at Hnrthrri*. It would »m- Huitahh' for ninkinic comnnin brick if Hand ooiild hi- found ronvrnicnt to the di-piwit. The iiddilion of not Icwi than 25 per cent of sand wouhl Im- nquirt'd for i)ri(k-niakiiig.' HAND. . .^'•'"f "»««'lt')n, on the north hank f '™L'r 'TP'"-'"* '^''-^r^- and hornblende. 1, hornblende; 2, e uileonvrite- A pyrrhotite; 4, molybdenite. (Pa»|e 13) ' ' H. MitrophotoRraph of ore from the Great Ohio properly, magnified 100 diameters. A peeuliar '^Z^'^T^''^" «ho rPl»<:ement of maro. The edges of the vems of ..,ideritc arc againsit fm* marcasite; away from the veins, in the St«rior 1 J *^f*^- °' •nar'^asite, the alteration in very '^^i\ *■ tk"* u""iy "'""'"•*' ""•! skeleton, of marcasite. The ehief gangue mineral is hornblende. 1, gangue; 2, marcaaite; 3, siderit*. (Page 18.) 44 PlAM VII A. Micriipluitonraph of polished ore from the Brian Born property, niannififil 395 diameters. CJhalco- pyrite veiiiing zinc blonde. 1, zinc blende; 2, chalco- pyrile; .i, pyrrhotile; 4, nangue. Paragene.sis— 4, 1, -i, -2. (Page 20.) B. Microphotopraph of polished ore from the Hazelton View mme, mapiified 395 diameters. Show- mg the fineness and distribution of the gold. 1 arsenopyrite; 2, safflorite: 3, gold; 4, molybdenite; 6, gangue (quarU, actinolite, etc.). (Page 23.) PiATi VII r. 45 A. Mirrophotoftraph of polwhwl ore from thn Haielton V uw minp, mmnificd aSO diameters. Hhowx the late deposition of molybdenite. Quartz veins put arsenop.vTite and hornblende and the molybdenite wa« .leiKwiteil later. I, hornblende; 2, arsenopyrite; ■i, quart*; 4, molybdenite. (Page 23.) H. MirniphotoRraph of poIi«holi«)HKl i>rp from Ihi- Silvt'i liinl mine. Hilih urade on', maRnifirtl 3!>5 diam A. Stumlit - r - . ■ ,• L •. > .. eKTH. 1, JiiiK" blende; 2, telnihednle ifreiberRite); A, chuleopyriteK 4, galenii. (Pup- 32.) B. Silver Cup ba-iin. mountain. (Page 34). North «ide of Ninemile 47 Pl*T« X. A. Microphnto(frapli i)f |K>liMh<>d ore fmm HurlxT Hill |>n>pp<'rty C'»|> |)ro|H-. Daley Wcwt f»ropcrty Delta prowrty Fmimiile Mountain property (ireat Ohio profierty ilaii'llon View property No. 4 vein. iSilvct Stanidiird mine Red Kow pn)|M,'rty Silver (Jiip nroiwrty Silver Standura mine SunrijN! property I'ace 3 1 . . 7, 32 a 38 31 a .13,22,32 a.{ 30 33 U, .20, 17 a» IK 21 2B 10 :m m 3fi Blark Prinee group Boulder rlay Brian Boru property Bulkely river " " mining properties north 7 Fourmile mountain 6, 35 " " properties on 35 Freibergite 32 80 o. Pa|« Galena 32 Galloway, J. D 1, 12, 2« Geology, economic 8 " ^eral 4 Glacial strue * Glaciation 3 Glen mountain "i 27 Gold 6, 7, n, 20, 22, 32 Golden Wonder property 6, 24 Grand Trunk Pacific raUway li 3 Great Ohio property " H. Hang-wall vein 27 Harris, Duke 36 " Mr 1 Haxelton 37 " View property "i 20 Huckleberry claim 23 J. James, H. J ^ Juniper creek * " Creek basin ' K. Keele, J ■ • • • • 36 L. Leach, W. W J Location ^ L611ingite ■" M. MacKeniie, J. D 36 McConnell, R. G J Malloch, G. S J Mining propertiea south of Bulkely river ^ ■ • .« «i Molybdenite "• '?' 29 MorkiU, D. B 1. 21 Mud creek 25 N. New Haselton 32 Gold Cobalt Mines, Ltd 20 Ninemile mountain "> 32 Norrie-Lowenthal, W. G * O. Ore«hootfi ' P. Paragenesis of ores, Ameri«'an Boy property ^ ^' " PUck Prince group ;» " " Brian Boru property 20 " " Cap group 23 51 Parageneeis of ores, Golden Wonder property " " Great Ohio property " " Highland Boy veino, Delta property " " Main vein " " north Bide of Ninemile mountain ** " Red Rose property " " Rochw Dp Boule mine 11, Silva* Standard mine Page 24 18 Physiography Prraton property. Previous work Production Pyrite Pyrrhotite 17 23 35 19 14 31 3 23 1 7 13 12 R. Red Rose property 18 RobcrtHon, W. Fleet 1 Rocher De Boule Company 3 " " mine 2, 6, 7 Rocher DdbouK^ area 6 " group 3 " " mountain 2 " " " properties on east side of 25 north side of 25 west slope 20 S. Safflorite Sand Shegunia river Silver 6, 7, Silver Cup property Silver-lead ore " «inc properties Silver Standard mine Skeena Crossing " river Smithers Stanton, T. W Sunrise property 22 37 7 11, 34 34 13 27 7, 27 19 4 36 4 34 Tetrahedrite... Travertine Twomile creek. W. Williams, D. W Wolframite Zinc-blende . Zinc-lead.. . Z. 13 37 37 32 19 I 2^ LZX I I i 2 6 I* s. -.si 1 i; oTaitev dvw 3Nnino Bf|intin •lOiO* LEGEND IMt JWA— I C POBT-MAKLTaH suits f !Z3 ****IK5!LjW^^**y r "'v I ID '*^'l Ibb satSflfisassLT* **^ ^^^OlMt PRiNCtPAL VEINS ON THE SILVER STANA Sea Mpuounu mfiiXttn lilt. Ml* iti», H C M' (.uxNiv. ;<|cii»» M,s, III. •lotoaicAL sunviv tM M*tiiitrt; Dimcrma Ciioioaisr OUTLIMC MAP STANDARD MINE. HAZCLTON, BRITISH COLUMBIA. AAA MBA ■■■■ OUTLINE MAP V--, ■^ UNTAI N \9 5«8/ t>,/ v., ^HPH^ ^W^wf J LCtilCXD Mtl MKLVOH j;^T l^ E3 =7=5^ I I , „,i SMOCM WOMbTff W O C H t R* 'hazhtom view D * (MH> *ld fr ^MMA/ aOHV Mpiiito «IhMh1Im alMt JtMl I^JJ'«I»(I1. MINERAL A.;£AS C^SIAIl D "ilfHipil «M »*M»t Homwu. Wl l WUMl t aH'CotMUM-PtiHtTv Moum CCMAMCAL MtHVCV 9UTLIMC MA^ mmm 1 ^.:eas in the viciwmr m ii^ilton, Ml iMTRtCT, BRttiM COLUMWA S««l» of MlM \ -V ;^.s .#.. #^' i\lblltiM Bi) :i«i Wiui« SSfca!!?1kS'|(>B**' PmMCPM. VEINS ON MINI ROCNCfl DCbO ■^r«'<'oaMi HTiN Hi iMf.Li, Midisrr.R, R.G M'-CosNELi .OfPur. Mimstih. aCOLOOICAL SURVCV William W'UNt^ Dh»£ctinc. iiEOlooist OUTLINE MAP i MINING PftOPCRTICS. mAD m SmmtM CfiCOC. D^BOUL^ RANGE. BRITISH COUHMfA. Scsale ot^ Feet