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 1 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 5 
 
 6 
 
(NWp 
 
 ■mi 
 
 THE ARCTIC REGIONS, 
 
 Ain> 
 
 THE HOPES OF DISCOVERING THE LOST ADVENTURERS. 
 
 91 l^ocm* 
 
 WHICH OBTAINXD 
 
 THE CHANCELLOR'S MEDAL 
 
 AT THB 
 
 « 
 
 CAMBRUOE COMMENCEMENT, 
 
 M.DCCC.UI. 
 
 "Hard task indeed o'er Arctic seu to roam I 
 Is hope exotic? growi it m at home?" 
 
 Cowpbb'b Hopt. 
 
 m 
 
 FREDERIC W. FARRAR, 
 
 aOHOLAH OP TRINITY COLLBO& 
 
\aivjp 
 
 ."U 
 
THE ARCTIC REGIONS, 
 
 AND THE 
 
 HOPES OP DISCOVERING THE LOST ADVENTURERS. 
 
 "There ia a hand that guides."— Tennyson. The Princui. 
 
 Farewell to mossy vale, and sapphire sky, 
 Green earth, and golden wood, and silver wave, 
 The lily, and the zephyr, and the rose ! 
 Farewell I I may not rest the crowned haip 
 On emerald meads, or wreathe its fretted base 
 With blushing flowerets, while a gentle bride 
 Lists the sweet shiver of the ringing chords. 
 Ah no! away! away! another tone 
 Must gleam upon the lute, in snowy lands ' 
 Where not a bud can tinge its purple cup. 
 Or shake its dewy bell;— on iced hills 
 I must imbed the pedals; — and my hands. 
 Ah me I the cold touch of my frozen hands. 
 Must trill and twangle on the glimmering strings 
 UntU they all flash fire^ 
 
 For I must sing 
 Of hero-daring, and of woman's love, 
 And of a glorious nation^s fearful hopes 
 All centred on a continent of snow. 
 
 t Cf. itatav it Xo/iirci. Soph. (E. R. 186. 
 
 "His beams shall cheer my hoart, and both so twine 
 Till e'en hia heamt sing, and my mtuk thine," — Herbert. 
 
 I0343o 
 
 r 
 
 r-\ 
 
 
 viqroniA, a. G. 
 
Now on the yellow scashell-flowcred sand 
 Floated the rose of eve, — and each proud ship, 
 Enshadowed on the mirror of the waves, 
 Lay on the calmed jasper, like a swan. 
 The cabin-boy had kissed his mother's lips, 
 And spake brave words of cheer, as tho' the light 
 That bathed the merry darkness of his eye 
 Were but a smile; the sailor on the shore 
 Clasped his fond wife; and the lieutenant stood 
 With strong hand on the fair and golden curls , 
 Of his bright child ; oh I it was hard indeed 
 To kiss the dew-gems from his fragrant cheek, . 
 And, breathing still the lilies of his face. 
 Leave him for weary days — and still the boy 
 Clung sobbing on his hand, nor let it go. 
 
 "But hark, they call! Farewell! in three short years, 
 
 Dearest... Farewell I" and in the boat he leapt, 
 
 And the oars dipped und flashed: and now they stand 
 
 Upon the shining decks, and their white wings 
 
 The gallant vessels to the winds unfurled. 
 
 And left the fading shores. And stars came out 
 
 And looked upon the wave, and all was still. 
 
 Save the light flapping of the crimson flags. 
 
 And murmur of the breezes in the sail. 
 
 And shouting' of the cloft phosphoric wave 
 
 Bound the curved prows; — so did the light wind speed 
 
 The Erebus and Terror on their way. 
 
 an<fA a Kifta irtlpu irop<t)iptov ^cydX' laxt vi;6r lovatjt. 
 
 Horn. II. i. 481. 
 
Oft had the Orient at Hyperion's feet 
 Flushed into fire and flower, and fV>oni his arm 
 The rubied orb of his empyreal shield 
 Flamed thro' the zenith; often had he flung 
 Purpurea!' mantles on the radiant foam 
 Down from his westering chariot, and the stars 
 Had gazed at twilight from their jewel-thrones 
 On the blue bosom of the twinkling deep: — 
 And still the shores swept by : and now by day, 
 Winging the cold air's lucent' hyaline, 
 Strange birds were seen to flutter at the mast, 
 And irridescent in the moony wave . ^ 
 
 Strange^ fishes seen to flounder at the keel, 
 That thro' the floating crystals of the frost 
 Crisped a slow path : and still the light wind sped 
 The Erebus and Terror en their way. 
 
 Lo! it comes looming thro' the shadowed sea, 
 Towering and tossing on the crested swell 
 The mountain of bright icet down fathom-deep 
 Swept by m; ^terious currents floateth strange 
 Its everlasting base, and to the sun 
 
 ' "As Blowly he descendod, carpeting The weatem tuavet Mth glory, 
 ere he deigned To set his foot upon them."-— T. £. Hankinson. 
 
 ' " The air is very transparent, and often filled with delicate floating icy 
 crystals." — Scoresby, Arctie Regions, p. 113. "The ethereal brilliancy of 
 the polar sky." — Id. p. 19. 
 
 » "We had numerous birds hovering round the ship." — Sir J. Franklin's 
 Voyage to the Polar Seas. "A shoal of grampuses and porpoisos came 
 dancing and bounding about the bows of the ressel." — Private Journal of a 
 distinguished officer on board the Erebus. 
 
In mingling gleams of emerald and pearl 
 Flash out its opal peaks. 
 
 Beware ! beware I 
 For terror haunts its beauty — hark I a crash 
 As of a thousand thunders, and with shock 
 Terrific as an earthquake the huge mass 
 Bursts with a shiver, while the writhing deep 
 Bellows, and rushing on with wrathful wave 
 Shakes the tall vessels on its howling surge! 
 
 The echoes of the rocking mountains heard 
 And shouted a reply ; the ivory Lar * 
 Rose clanging on the wind; the tusked beast 
 Plunged to his depths, and fierce Leviathan 
 Slapping' the maddened ocean with his tail 
 Wallowed in terror, till the hoary deep 
 Lay white for many a rood. 
 
 But they were safe. 
 Aye I they rode safely on the glassy green 
 Of silvery' waters, and with thankful hearts 
 Prayed to the God of heaven; and it seemed 
 That angel-ministrants did guide them on « 
 
 Thro' dangers of the wouder-peopled deep, 
 Wild waves, and floating lands, and rushing rocks. 
 
 1 « The LaruB eburneus, remarkable for its immaoulate whiteness." — 
 Sooresby. 
 
 * "Rearing their tails high in the air they beat the water with awftil 
 Tiolence; the Bea is thrown into foam." — Id. 
 
 * " The sea is of the most perfect transparency — a beautiful, delicate, 
 oold-Iooking green." — Private Jowmal, &c. 
 
Unfabled Strophades; so mercy sped 
 The Erebus and Terror on their way. 
 
 No longer! for the heaped and marble ice 
 Thickened in azure hummocks' round the keels; 
 And, gemmed with icy stars, the idle ships 
 Lay locked and frozen on the frozen wave I 
 
 ' Cold, weary, chilly-cold' — the very breath 
 Falling in silvery circlets — and the blood 
 Beating and bounding in the throbbing pulse. 
 Ah I we must die I and yet the legends tell 
 Of a green ^ Eden 'mid the whitening wastes 
 Of the wild North; but not a flower is here 
 Save crystals of the bright lamellar snow 
 And glitter of the cold unheeding stars^ 
 
 'O! for an emerald field, a sunny light, 
 
 A scent of lilies in the forest moss, 
 
 A waving in the coronal of trees I 
 
 O for the purple noon, the gorgeous noon, 
 
 Beneath the bright warm sun I but we must lie 
 
 1 '' That splendid blue (of the ice), which is perhaps one of the richest 
 colours that nature aflfords." — Parry, Vol. ra. p. 20. " Hummocks somewhat 
 relieve the uniformity of intense light by exhibiting ihades of delicate 
 blue." — Scoresby. 
 
 * " An Arctic winter consists of the accumulation of almost all which 
 is disagreeable to the feelings." — Id. 
 
 s See the beautiful mythology of the Eddas and Sagas. 
 
 * " The stars, those eternal fiowen of hearen." — Greg. Naa. 
 
 " In the infinite meadows of heaven 
 Blossomed the lovely stars." — Longfellow's Evangelim. 
 
And freeze, and pcriuh in the reeking fogH 
 Far from our native land I ^ . 
 
 ' Nay, brothers, nay I i 
 
 God's hand is over us, his sleepless eye 
 
 Watcheth our sorrows. — Cease we to repine, 
 Trust we in him M ' 
 
 Yet not an easy task 
 Was your's, brave chiefs, loved Franklin and Fitjgames, 
 To still the murmurs of that misery. 
 But God is present in the howling wilds, — 
 Why should we fear ? .^. . . 
 
 Five* times the laughing Spring 
 Shook violets on the fields of chrysoprase; 
 And Summer floated on her fragrant cloud 
 Over our land; and Autumn from wreath'd horn 
 Flung nectarine and peach; and Winter rolled. 
 Rolled silver-axled o'er the flowerlcss fields: 
 Ah where were they? 
 
 'Twas night, long Arctic night. 
 And the red meteor-arches spanned the sky 
 With quick continual flash, — and they had asked 
 The gentle savage^, the mild Esquimaux, 
 'What means yon purpling* iris?' and he cried 
 
 1 "We were inepired with so strong a senso of tho Omnipresonco of a 
 beneficent Ood that our ritxtation even in these tuUdt appeared no longer 
 destitute." — Sir J. Richardson's Narrative. **I endeavoured to encourage Wm 
 by explaining the mercy of God, who ever beholds with an eye of pity those 
 that seek his aid." — Mr Back's Narr. See the whole of this harrowing story, 
 and cf. Parry, i. 214. 
 
 > The expedition sailed in June, 1846. 
 
 s "The gentle and loring savage," as one of the old simple-hearted 
 voyagers calls the Esquimaux. See the interesting and favoura^V-* accounts 
 given of them by Parry and Franklin. 
 
 * itopilwpt^v Jpw. — Horn. Tl. xi. 27. 
 
9 
 
 ' The spirits of my fathers arc at play :' 
 
 But old men shook their heads and made reply, 
 
 • Nay, 'tis the waving of a fiery flag, 
 
 In sigTial to the spirits of the storm'.' 
 
 And the storm came I blaring with hideous trump' 
 The mad wind pounced upon the tattered shrouds, 
 And bent the creaking mast, and uowled aod screamed, 
 a\j'\ swept in fury o'er the splitting fields 
 That rang, and shrieked, and thundered, as the ships. 
 Fierce-crashing with their tempest-driven keels, 
 Drove plunging thro' the terrors of the night 
 'Neath the black sky — so did the storm-fiend speed 
 The Erebus and Terror on their way. 
 Whither? 
 
 Ah met ^he dim and blinding tears 
 Gush to mine eyes. I cannot see them more. 
 
 Hail! glorious vision bail! ambrosial wings 
 Her form immantling, on the rosy snow 
 Resteth the golden sandal of her foot, 
 A glimmering amethyst— and o'er her brow 
 Falls the pale lustre of her crowned hair: 
 I know her who she is! for one white hand 
 Doth rest upon an anchor's graceful haft, 
 
 > "The Northern Lights are supposed to be indicatiTO of a violent 
 storm." — Scorosby. 
 
 ' afiifiil y i<rakirty$tv fxtyas oipav6s. — Hom. II. zxi. I'^8. 
 
10 
 
 And none but her twin-sister of the torch* 
 Hath eye as bright as her's~-Oh glorious sight, 
 Her right hand pointeth to the glooming North, 
 And sweetly, softly, fall the dewy' tones, 
 The tones of dewy music, 'They are safe, 
 Trust in the mercy of the God of Love I' 
 Then might I mark once more the shattered ice 
 Clashing its horrid cymbals, and the fiends 
 Who rained on those fair ships their furious blows. 
 But starry-diadem'd and fiery-carr'd 
 Floated a fair-haired band of seraph youths 
 Amid the hurricane — ^and every blow 
 They warded with a pure and shining hand. 
 Or on a diamond buckler's rainbow rim 
 Shielded its lightning fall. Then full of joy 
 1 bowed my head, I murmured, 'They are safe. 
 Safe thro' the mercy of the God of Love.' 
 
 But she in a dark chamber far away 
 Stood clad in light; a weeping^ lady there 
 Before the throne of God on bended knee 
 
 1 "Faith, Hope, and Oharity, from the visible world 
 
 Choose for your emblems whatsoe'er ye find 
 
 Of safest guidance, or of firmest trust. 
 
 The torch, the star, the atichor." — ^Wordsworth's Eac. Bk. v. 
 
 2 " Hark what a dewj/ devjy close was there I" — Cowper. 
 
 3 I perhaps ought to remark on this passage, that I hare had no indi- 
 vidual sufferer in view, but have meant rather to express the mental agony 
 of bereavement, and gladdening alternations of hope, which must be equally 
 felt by all who are connected with the gallant officers and seamen on board 
 the iltfated vessels. 
 
11 
 
 Knelt with her sobbing child: their hands were clasped 
 
 Upon the wet sad cheek, and her dark looks 
 
 Fell mingled with the hyacinth' of his. 
 
 O sweeter than the myrrh of Saba's groves 
 
 Uprose the fragrant incense of their prayer 
 
 To mingle with a thousand thousand more 
 
 In censered hands before the jacinth throne 
 
 Od'rous and sweet and rich! oh smile of heaven 
 
 That on their raised faces softly gleams, 
 
 Lighting »,he tearful eyes. They too have heard, 
 
 Have heard the angel-whisper, ' They are safe. 
 
 Fear not, but trust ye in the God of Love.' 
 
 Aye, and a nation heard it! tho' the tones 
 Were soft as song* of flowers on summer eve, 
 A nation heard it, and the princely barques 
 Winged' their dread journey to the desolate main 
 Seeking the lost ones. 
 
 1 Kab 8( KaptjTOS OS\as rJKt K6(ias vaKiv0iv<f &v6fi ofioias. 
 
 Horn. Od. ri. 230. 
 TraoBtPiKoi BaiKKovra k6(uik vokivBov l\ov<Tai. — Theocr. xviii. 2. 
 • " Tho hyacinth 
 
 Flung from its bolls a sweet peal anew. 
 Of music so delicate, soft, and intense, 
 It was felt like an odour within the sense." 
 
 Shelley's Sens. Plant. 
 " Every leaf in every nook 
 Chanting with a solemn voice, &c." 
 
 Keble. cf. Ps. Iziii. 12. 
 » An Expedition sailed to look for Sir J. Franklin, in Feb. 1848. A 
 second in the spring, under Sir J. Ross. Another, under Sir J. Richardson 
 and Dr Rae, left in March to proceed overland. Several others have since 
 been despatched under Capt. Austen, Sir E. Belcher, &c. 
 
mmm 
 
 12 
 
 But they found them not! 
 Tho' here and there, on sheets of shuddering ioe, 
 They found the ashes of deserted fires, 
 And scattered relics of their former homes. 
 
 Then some were all a-weary; and they cried, 
 'Dead are they, tombed upon the bleaching ice, 
 Or tossing in the seaweed's tangled hair; 
 Dead are they — wherefore do we seek them more?' 
 
 But still I hear the lute-soft lily-song^ 
 
 Of gentle Hope — still trilling ' They are safe, 
 
 Safe are they, trust ye in the God of Love.' 
 
 O hearken! hearken! hearken! my loved land! 
 Still man thy glorious vessels to the North 
 Seeking the lost. Go, gallant Beaufort, — ^go, 
 Austen, and Pym, and lion-hearted Ross 
 Traverse the colorless Arctic! Let the love, 
 The tender love of mother and of wife 
 Burn like a star, and blessings of our God 
 Glide like a fiery pillar on your path. 
 So, haply soon, shall mercy-winged winds 
 Be speeding home to their loved native land 
 The Erebus and Terror on their way; 
 Or we shall know that all the toils are o'er 
 Of our loved friends, and in the sinless land 
 Resting in quiet haven they are safe. 
 Safe thro' the mercy of the God of Love I 
 
 ^ Stra Xfiptotaaav. Hom. II. iii. 162.