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1
2
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1
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5
6
r*^
n n %l^
OF
CALAIS, MAINE
AND
ST. STEPHEN, NEW BRUNSWICK;
INCLUI)IN(i THE VILLA(;K ()1 mili/iown. mk.,
AND TIIK I'KK.SKNT TOWN OF MFM/IOWN, N. I!.
HY UKY. r. c. KNowi/rox
CALAIS :
.1. A. SKARS. PKINTKk,
1.S7').
5358
piiej:a.ce.
Ii. -JO, the population of Calais i,, s„i,l to |,„ve
l.eon only s,x-,oon : in ,m>, it was al,ont Um ■ in LSI o
Homo 20(1 ; in 1«20, 41H; in l«;..„. „;«,; ; ;„ igV,,, .'
at^on oftnxal,lo p,..,p..,,y i„ Calais in mi. was S,s-> ."
I'K put, . Calais was ,nc-orp»rato,l as a town, i„ mn ■
«■'«!«« a ejty, in IH.M. Tho pansl, of St. St,.nl„.n in-
eo.-po,-ato,lasatow„inl871, an,l ,livi,|..,| \SZ
the h,st ha,l a largo,- i.opniation an,l more wealth th.,„
Calais. At pr..sent, the three town have about 14 000
"■"abitants, an.I possess at least So.ooo.ooo , ,'
l-operty ; an.l the growth, though not rapid, is ,
It seemed to the writer that a locality of this i,e
aiKl importance .leserved to have its history '^
c-uea Horn olilivion ; ami this volume is an a, en, ^
n tJiat direction. The task has been di.llcilt . '«
■■orions. an,l the materials on record, scanty. t .«
dates given, there are some inistakos,— still th,-« i i
;vii' keep the fathers in honored remembra e d ^d
the fntiire historian in preparing a more perfe^ work.
Calais, Mar. 15, 1875. j ^ „
!i.
I osr r) E 2C.
CllAl'TKK.
I.
The IJcginniiig,
II.
Al)()ii<iim'.s,
HI.
Pioneers, — Calais,
IV.
Pioneers, — Si. Steplu
V.
Snrvey and Sale of (
VI.
Primeval Age. — 17iH
VII.
Oroanizntion. — 1«00
VIII.
'SStru<role for Life."-
IX.
W. M. Chnrch, St. S
X.
W. M. Chnreh, Milll
XI.
M. E. Chnreh, Calai
XII.
Anglican ("hnrches,
XIII.
The Bar,
XIV.
F. & A. Masons,
XV.
Congi'eoationa 1 Chnr
XVI.
Plusieians,
XVII.
Unitaiian Chnreh,
XVIII.
News[)ai)ers,
XIX.
Isi Baptist Chnrcl.,-
XX.
Hanks and Insnranee
XXI.
Universalist Chnreh,
XXII.
Shipping,
XXIII.
Bridges,
XXIV.
Literatnre,
XXV.
Benevolent Societies
XXVI.
Railways,
XXVII.
Koinan Catholic,
XXVIII.
Presbvteiian Chnrch,
XXIX.
Mills;
XXX.
2nd Baptist Church,-
XXXI.
Snmggling,
XXXII.
New Churches,
XXXIIT.
Cemeteries,
Page
•n,
alais,
) to l.SOO',
to I.SIO,
— IHIO to 1H20,
tephen.
n.
N. B.
and Milltown.
14
17
23
32
35
40
GO
66
6.S
- 80
- 96
ches, - - 104
- 115
120
- 129
-Calais, - 134
- 142
Milltow'i & Calais, 146
. - - 160
165
167
172
175
178
-St. Stephen, 180
184
— Calais,
Appendix,
187
192
195
198
200
UK
14
17
23
:\2
40
^^Sjij-V flilf ><>
(;o
(IG
68
75
80
9G
104
115
120
129
184
142
146
IGO
165
167
172
175
178
180
184
187
192
195
198
200
^ isr lisr ^^
1^^
<«••
JCl
o
pj (ikfvJic
fO
A
U.s
^:
i^=
'53:
-A\D ST. S'V
v>v
V\^^^
iuuiIb
OF
CALAIS AND 8T.STE1'HHN.
:.i
THE HFJUNNING.
Two lumdml und Sirventy-fivo years a^^o. North
Ani-rica was an eiitirt \\ iinbrokcn wildcri.oss. Except
a feeble colony at St. Auonstiiie, there were no eities,
towns or Caueassian homes on all the vast domain. Its
tnagnifieent forests and prairies, the hoarded wealth of
its exhaustless mines, Ihe mnltifarions pi ivileges of its
countless harbors, rivers and water-falls, were still wait-
injr for the eultivatcd mind and ounning hand of the
European emigrant. Where the great vommercial and
manufacturing towns would be built, no huuian being
could then decide. Yet at that early day, Calais and
St. Stephen came near being doomed to languish forev-
er as the mere inconsequential suburbs of the great
Capital of French Acadie. The pages of History de-
scribe the danger and tell how it quietly passed away.
8 Tin: iu.<iiNMN(;.
ThoHtory ho<X\uH Nov. M, KiO.'i. On tliut cvcntfiil
(hiy, Ilcnrv IV of Kiaiicc, iiilliicnctMl by hotli n'!i«j:ious
.'iiid political conHidcriitions, jLiranti'd to Pierre <lii (Juast,
Sieiir (U» Moiits, a Tatent of all the territory in Ameri-
ca lyiiijif hutwocn the fortieth and forty-si xth parallels
of north latitnde. The kinjj; also appointed him Lieu-
tenant (ieneial of mU th(? military forces in this vast
domain, and in all respects invested him with Vice-re-
gtil authority.
Thus ennobled, and stimulate<l l»y the hope of fame,
princely dignity, and a groat harvest of wealth to be
reaped in the fur trade, I)e Monts innnediately began
to enlist u com[)any to emigrate, and to make the need-
ful preparations for their (lei)arture to the new world.
In tive months the arduous task was accom[)lished.
The comi)any included himself. Baron de Poutrincourt,
Count d'Or\ille, the scholarly Samuel Champlain,
Catholic priests, Huguenot ministers, and alxnit a hun-
dred others, — sailors, soldiers, artizans and servants.
These intended founders of a new empire sailed from
Havre de Grace, April 7, 1004, and safel}' crossed the
Atlantic.
Having reached America, the next care of De Monts
was to (ind a suitable location on which to build the
magnificent metropolis of his new and great empire.
After carefully examining the densely wooded but un-
auspicious coast of Nova Scotia and New Brunswick,
the adventurers entered Passamaquoddy Bay. Here,
•NIK llK(ilNMN(i
Hear llic nioiitli of l.ti Jiirurr Ih-s Ktirhcnnns, tlicv «lis-
t'ovt'R'il M sinnll, attractive islaiKj, wliicli with pioiis cmo-
li'His tlu'V tiaiin'il St. ('roU, — tli«' IIolv Cross.
Tl
lis
islaiiil now falli'tl NcMitial or Doi-lict . is in I.atiludr l.'»
«l(Mri-(.(is, (■» tninnti's N. and Lonuitmlr (\x <U'i:ri'<'s, 7
niinntcs \V. ami vi-iy ncjir tin* south-eastern l»nnn»hin
of Cahiis. It was nt th:it time al)onl a mih' in h'nj;th,
and thickly eovereil with c('(har trees.
It was Suninier. The {Jienial air was tVap;ranl with
Ihe sweet oijors (jfthe lorcSt. The birds wen; singing
their songs of love. Tlie river s^ ined alive witli lish
and water tow! ; while 'noose and deer in large nnnihers
roamed near hv in the woods. Here was a I'aradise;
or at least one of the '■•Isles of rhe Blest.
And here
at once they decided to locate and build their great
city. Th"* water around the island would be a safe bar-
rier agamst savage foes, and a commodious place for
^shi[»|)ing Wharves W(juld line the shore, — palaces and
temples would rise ou the land. Wealth, luxury, art,
science, religion, would adorn and glorify the gorgeous
Capital of the n(?w Uealni. Never was there a location
more inviting and i)romising.
Accordingly in July. IGOl, they landed on this
beautiful island and began their work. Trees were
felled, streets and s(juares laid out, foundations arrang-
ed, houses erected, cannon mounted, and even a small
house of worship and a cemetery provided. The site of
this resting i)lace for the dead, is now unknown. Prob-
Tin: r.r.(;iNNiNri.
:il)|r it has hccii ciitii'dy wrislicd ;i\v;iy by the ciicroaoli-
iii<i," tide. This incipient city was on l!u; upper or uoith-
vvestern end of tli«! island, where sonio faint traces of
its foundations are still visilile. In the Autumn, a por-
tion of the party leturned to France for NUpplics and
recruits, and only seventy-nine |>ersonis were left to
<ru;ird the little villa<>e and to test the (juality of the
CO ning Winter. There were no othei' white people with-
in a thousand miles of them ; hut they were well elothei?
.•'.nd provisioned, destitute of fear and sanguine in ex-
pectation. Hardship, sulfering, death, were not in
their pleasant p^'ooranime.
Winter approached. The fierce winds arose and
wrenched the fad(!d leaves lro:n the frii>htened trees. The
airgrew shar[) and cutting The birds vanished ; — tied
to their southern homes. The snow sifted down from its
exhaustless storehouse, and wrappe*! the dead and froz-
en earth in its white shroud, (ireat blocks of ice were
piled on the shore, or hurried by in the black angry
water. Communication with the main land became
dillicult, and fresh ^NUter could not be easily obtained.
Houses and tires could not keep out the awful cold. It
became so intense that the wine of the enunrants con-
gealed,and had to be dealt out by weight. Day and night
these poor exiles from sunny France shivered as with
ague. I'aralyzing scurvy attacked them. Nearly all
were sick, and before Spring, thirty-live oi' them were
carried to the dreary cemetery. The romance ended.
TlIK HK(; INNING.
u
Every one oftlie emacuited and frost hittou survivors
was f'nlly eoi.viiieed that tl.at Meak island was not a
suitable plaeo for a irreat city; and in Aiigiist, Klo,^,
tlM'v all left, never more to retnrn. Thns Calais and
St. Stephen escaped being the snburbs <.f the Capital of
Aca.he; an eni;>ir<. that never existed and a city that
never was built. De Monts not long after was depriv-
ed of his l»atent ; and the French emigrants found a
more congenial Iioujc at Port Hoval, X S
The fact that Doehet Island is the i>lace where
De Monts tried to loeate his colony has been |)roved
beyond a .loubt. IJy the Treaty of 17H3, it was agreed,
by Great Britain and the United States that the St.
Croix Kiver should !)e the boundary between Maine and
New Ihunswiek. Subsequently however a doubt aro>e
involving the question, -which of the larg
2:er livers of
Maine is the St. Croix.
All
admitted tiuit *t was tl
ic
river near wh()...(. mouth was De Monts' island • I
where was that island? The fe
W
)Ut
vv white settlers in
iishington County knew nothing about it, and CI
lam-
plain's mai)s were too imperfect to
tiie locality. Tiie changes wrought by .learl
turies of forest growth and d
'he
iive a correct idea of
Iv two cen-
ecay, — of rasping tides and
chemical decomposition, had of course obliterate.!
visible
vestige of the old French setti
search was made, and in 179S, after a 1
e\ery
ement. iJut
ungand careful
ex
amination, the Commissioners appointed to trace the
boundary line, discovered bsneath the
underbrush, sedge
12 Tin: iJKr.ixxixG.
and sand on Dochot Island, ilio unniistakahlc remains
of the foundations of Do iSIonts' houses. Tiuit settled
tlie <inostion. Here was the island, and ''on either side
of it" flowed the real St. Croix. On that small and
dre.'iry islet, now not half so lar<ie as then, within an
houi-'s ride of the business centres of Calais and St.
Stephen, the i)eo[)le of one of the first white settlements
on the Continent north of Florida, pitched their tents
and tried to dwell.
One pleasant memorial of that unfortunate colony
will ever remain. The ancient Indian i:ame of tlie V)ay
and river was Pcskdddinlakkaiili, of as we sjxdl and [)ro-
nouiice it, Passamacpioddy. The word it is said, means
lead
s up to the open fields" or places. The "open
places" were probably the Schoodic lakes and the in-
terval lands around them ; for Schoodic means "■oi)en-
ed by fire." Some however aflirni that PassanuKjUoddy
means the "-place of the Pollock ;" and that the Bay
was so named from the nudtitude of this kind of fish
in its waters. De flouts or some French explorer be-
fore him, named the river, Aa llcvicrc Dcs Etcchcmins,
because the Indians in the vicinity had been called
Etcchcniinf
The island on which his settlement was
started, he named St. Croix, not for any real or fancied
resemblance of a cross in the branches of the river, but
for the sacred emblem of his relijjjion. Only persons
endoweil with a very lively imagination can see any-
thing like a cross, anywhere in the natural scenery of
'niK I'.KdINMNc;,
u
this ivuio,,. In tho course ofyears, sohk-Iiow the uimw
-ivcii Mt first to the isluiKlonly. sli,),HMl oil i,.to tlu. r]v-
vv. 'riu.s IVoin tlio unsum'ssfnl I),. Monts cauie tho
iini.reofonr l.cantir.il pathway to the ocoau,-Aa Suinf,
('ro/j-. the Holy Cross.
Forii.rther iiilbrniMtion on this sul.joct, the rea(U'r
li.uy consult WiUianison's History of Maine, Parkn.an's
Pioneers of France, Holmes' Annals, Vitroniille's His-
tory of the Almakis, and ('hanij)lain's maps an.l writ-
inu-.s.
'3
It
AKOKKilS'IJs*.
II
MiOIiiaiNKH.
A hmidred years ago, ami durin^i" scores of previous
centuries, all the territory in and around Calais and St,
Stephen was a sombre wilderness. The lakes sle[)t in
their earthen beds, and the wide awake rivei's hurried
alon«^ their windiuijf paths, as thev do now ; but all the
hills and valleys were completely coven.'d, and rounded
into beauty by a dense forest. Pine, Spruce, Fir, (,'e-
dar, Hemlock, Oak, Ash, Beach, Birch, Maple, Pop-
lar and Elm trees, many of them very large and tall,
grew luxuriantly where arc now ourujeadows, streets
and gardens. Here and there in sum v openings, the
Hluel)erry, Whortleberry, Raspberry and Gooseberry,
ri[)ened their delicious fruits. The Moose and Deor, the
Bear and (Jaribou, the Wolf and Fox, the Loup-ccrvier
and Catamount, the Rabbit and Scjuirrel, roamed
througii the pathless woods, unmolested and happy.
The Beaver, Otter, Mink and Muskrat, on the banks of
every lake and river, built their homes :uid reared their
offsi)ring, in peace. Geese, ducks, partridges, pigeons
and hosts of smaller birds winged the air and made the
Summer joyful with their melody. In countless num-
bers, Salmon. Shad and Alewives sported in the water.
The only human inhabitants were a few families of
Etechemin Indians who came and went like the fiitting
clouds.
AnoUKilNKS. 1.')
The Trilto of Ucd Men residing: in tlio St. Croix
Vjilk'V. li:i(l tlw iiaiiu' ofUpt'iiango or (^iioddy. Though
never imnierous, tliey were scattered along on eacli side
of the river Croin its mouth to its sources among tin;
Schoodic and Chipctnicook hikes. Tlieir origin to us
is entirely unknown. But tliere is a tradition that they
are the descendants of a St. John Indian and a Penob-
scot S(jnaw. who married centiuies ago ; and neither be-
ing willing to migrate to the home of the otiier, as a
fair (•onii)romisethey settled on the St. Croix and found-
ed a new Tribe. Their language is a dialect of the
widely spoken AlgoiKjuin ; and their manners and cus-
toms are similar to all other Abnakis, though they
seem to have ever been a peaceable [)eople. They had
camping grounds at and for a mile or more above the
head of the tide on each side of the river; and many a
relic of their Stone Age has been found here in the soil.
For man}' years after the first white settlers came, these
children of nature, nearly naked in Sunnner and gro-
tesquely clad in skins and blankets in Winter, were often
seen, sometimes squatting quieth' in their rude Wig-
wams, sometimes strolling along in their trails, free,
fearless and content.
An early incident illustrating their character and
giving a glimpse of frontier life, may be interesting.
(3ne day, near the beginning of the present century, a
stalwart Indian thirsting for fire-water, entered the
house of Clement Lane in Milltown and demanded a
i
1(1 .\l5n|{f(ilNKS.
(li'iiik of nun. On INIrs. Lima's rcfusino to orMtily lii;-
tliirst. lie scizc'l 'km- itiCMiit mikI st.irUM] tor the dooi-.
It is not smI'c for ;i had ni;'n to nicildlc with n oood wo-
nnin's hahy. (^)ni('l< as tlioniilit she snatolicd the child
tVoni his hands. phMccil it in tiic cradh' and then hi'avely
far'('(l her cni'iny. Atiain, w it li anpry words and men
acinii' <i08tnrc's. he dcniandcd lire-water l*ereeivin{j;
that remonstrance wouM he \ain, she seized an iron
poker and with one well ainie(l lilow piostrated him on
theflt.or. Just then a nei>4hl»or ea.nie in, and the hleed-
inu", IViiihtened savau'e tied. The heroic mother is saicl
to he still livin«>" in one of the Western States.
A remnant of the trihe still occupies its ancient
home, hut its numher is constanMy diniinishin<>, and its
ultimate extinction is only a (piestion of time. Mean-
while it is pleasant and right to state that as a wliolo.
these children of the foiest have heen kindly treated by
the Whites, and have lived in jM'aei! with all men. They
have never eniji,a<i;ed in war against us, nor committed
any great crime against our [)ersonsoi proi)erty. They
are not industrious, hut hy hunting, iishing;, basket and
canoe making, a little farming, and an occasional job
in driving logs, they managi' to get a subsisteu<*e by
them deemed comfortable. They are Catholics, hut
theii' religion sits lightly on them, and does not inter-
fere with their nomadic liabits. Tlu'v enjoy a larg*' de-
gre(» of apathetic hap^piness, ;ind with true Stoic indif-
ference are content to live and die without much fear
w
«
.35
nONKKHs.— CALAIS.
III.
PIONEEIU%-CALAm.
Tho Ncttlcim'ut uf.-i i-ivn- vj.llc.v luiturally coiniiu'ii-
<H^s near its niontli. A low white nu'ii had hn-atcd «„,
the shores of PassamaciModdv Hay several years helore
:i sii.ole tree had yiehled to the axe iu C'ahiis or St.
♦Steplieii.
Inl7f;(), itis said, Alexander Xiehols, Thomas
Fleteher and a Mr. Kown, came up the St. Croix to
the head of its tide water, to fish for alewives. Thev
HO <loul>t landed on each side of the river; and they
iiiay have been the first white men that ever visited
this locality. Prol.ahly they remaine.l only a few
days, and went away without a dream of the wealth and
resources they left hehind.
In 170;i, Alexander Hodges, Joseph Parsons and a
Mr. Prehble settled at Pleasant Point, an<MamesBoyd
and James Chatfrey, on Indian Island. In all proba-
bility these were the first, permanent, white settlers in
the St. Croix valley. Jn 1 7«J1), James Brown and Jere-
miah Frost located at St. Andrews, and William Kiek-
t'l- in 1771. built himself a home on Moose Island, now
Kastport ; and thus these towns had their beoinnings.
Tradition alhrms that the first white inhabitants^of
Calais were William Swain trom Massachusetts and
I«
FMONKKKS. — ( A[. vrs.
I);ivi(l F.'irrcll from Ii'iLmikI. Tlicv c'iiih' previous tit
17'SO. liiil how loiiii; lu'Torc c.'mnot dow lie nsccrt.'iiiKMl.
Mr. Swiiiii's '•jiltiii \v;is in Alilltouii iic.'ir the old
Kimlt.'ill tioiisc .'ind imt frir IVom the H;iil\v;iy St.Mtion.
It is s:ii(i. tltoiiirli l»,v niMiiy (louhtcil. lli.-it lie Imilt tlu'
first SMw-iiiill oil llw livcr. Tlu' locjition of this iiiill is
siii)|)ost'(l to have hccii nctir (ioosc Rociv. ;i few rods lic-
h)\v tlic (';il;iis end oC Milltowii sipiKT l>rid<j;('. If siicli
;i sti'uctiii'c WMs crcctcfl or .Mttciiiptcvl. it \v:is luiriu-d lic-
lorc it went into operation ; ;ind during" the last hall*
(•(Miturv. no trace of it has l»een visible. Mr. Swain
en^aii'cd in othei' business, and ten (»]• lit'teen years
after moved away, l*i'oltal»ly he next located at some;
point farthei' down ri\er : as some of his descendants are
said to Ite still livinjj," on Campolu'llo Island.
Ml'. Farrell Ituilt his cabin not far from llie Metii-
odist Meetin<i" House, on tlie land still called the ••Far-
rell lot." His occupation is unknown. Pri'vious to
\1\)',\, lie was accidentally killed by a fallinu" tree. His
body was buried between his house and the river; but
in excavating for the Kailway a tew years ago. his bones
were unearthed and carried to the Cemetery. He left
no children ; but a gentleman bearing his name and
claiming to be a relative, still resides on the Farrell lot.
The first permanent white resident of Calais, was
Daniel Hill. He came here from .lonesport in 1779.
A report had been circulating in ^fachias and vicinity
for several years, that near the head of the tide on the
VIONKKIJS.— ( ALAIS.
11)
Ions f(»
rt.'iiii('(|.
the old
St.'itioii.
ni!t till'
s mill is
rtids !»('-
If siu'h
rued he-
ist luill'
S\v;iin
II vvjirs
at sonic
smts ail'
Mcth-
j "Fjir-
»us to
. His
; hut
hones
(' left
ic Jind
II lot.
was
1771).
icinity
>n the
St. Croix. tluMV was an ahnndanrc of i)int' tiinher, fish
and liaini'. mid tluit tlir livcr up to this point, was
ii:i\iii:ahh' for \uv<^v vi'sscls. Several persons talkiMl of
nii;iratin<2" to this proinisin<»: hind; ;ind at leiiLi'tli Mr.
Hill piloted hy :in Iiidinn, cmiiu' throiiuli the w<»ods to
( iilais. On iirrivlnii" he perceived ;it once that tlu'
<*onntry \\;is even l>etter tliiin the report indii-:ited.
Deeidinu" to loente. lu' l>nilt ;i cMltin where the (li;i\'el
I'it now is. on I'nion Mills street. iukI cleared a small
patch of land on b'erry Point. His oldest son. Thomas
Hill, who was horn dan. 2(*th I
^ i •*.
and who lived al-
most a centnrv. often said that when he was altont six
years old. he saw his father f»'ll the lii'st tree ever «'ut
in ("aliils. He was j)rohal»ly mistaken in i'elatit>n to its
hein<>" the (irst tree felled; Imt he saw his father chop-
[»inu' down trees on Ferry Point, and no douht he was
i'orrect respect in»i; his age at that time. His statement
therefore fixes the date of the first permanent settlement.
It was 177'J. Other persons from Macinas and vicinity,
very soon after, either tiiat year or the next. Joinctl Mr.
Hill and made the settlement a neiiihhorhood. But the
permanent hejjfinning was ill 1771>, and the Centennial
of Calais will therefore occur in the Sumnier of 1H7'.).
Daniel Hill is said to have heen remarkahly stron<»',
aijile and fearless. He had heen a soldier in some of
the old wars ajjainst the Indians ; and the (Juoddys
havino- learned this fact, alth<^u<ih he kindly aided and
instructed them in farmiiur, alwavs greatlv feared hii
a.
20 I'loNKKKS. — (A LA IS.
A few yoaiNJiflcr he cniiic here, he JoIikmI Jjicol* Lilfboy
.Mild .Icrciiiiiili Fnjst, in building ;i Saw-inlU. It Htood
oil I'oiicr's Strcniii. iicjir its moiilli. iiiid was the lirst
mill ever crt'ctcd in this vicinity. The ihmiiIkt of men
al tlif ••raisinii;." was so small, tlial the ladies wt-re
ohliiTi'd to leiul all their streiiii-th in liftiiiiX Ihe henw
timliers. Without their aid, the rraiiie could not have
boon sot up. Mr. Hill also innxHted the lirst oxen,
and lirst engaged in Imiibering. He was an ingenious,
energetic, moral man ; and he so trained his children
that his ])osterity largely inheiit his good (inalities.
His chihlren were Daniel of Warwick. Thoiiias of Cal-
ais, .loscph who died young. William still living in
Calais, Mrs. Elizal»eth Maxwell. Mrs. Charlotte Thomp-
son, and Mrs. I'olly Millberry, (*!' St. Stei)lien. 'J'liom-
as settled in the southern part of Calais and married
Abti^jfail. a sister of Jones Dyer Jr.. by whom he had
fifteen children, ten of whom are still living; viz.
Ansel, Abner, Samuel, AVilliam, Thomas 1*., Stillman,
Harrison, Ellis now on the homestead, James and
Sophia. The IMillberrys, Th()mj)sons and Maxwells,
descended from Daniel Hill, are also numerous ; and all
cherish with pride the memory of this Patriarch of Cal-
ais. And it is worthy of note that the}' are uU good
citizens.
Abont 1780. Samuel, a son of Ja})het Hill of Ma-
cliias, settled in the sonthern part of Calais, andengaged
in farming. He was probably' a cousin of Daniel Hill.
riONKEU8. — CALAI8.
21
111' appears to havo Ih'cii ;i »|iii»'t l)iit woitliv man. llis
rliildrcii witc Amos. St('i)ln'n, .laspcr, Ahncr, .lames,
i\Iis. Lvdia Hmnham, Mrs. Kii-c 'uul Mrs. Kelu'cea
Kcadinu. Tlii' last named is still liNinji;, .'ind from lier
retentive mt'moiT, manv of tlii' I'aets in tlnshistorv were
obtained.
In 1 7Hl or the year preeeedinu;. 'lames and .lones
Dver cMnic trom INfaehias and settled in Calais
Their
oii<iinal home ai)pt'ars to have been Providence, K. 1.
.lames was uecidentallv drowned in early manhood. lit;
however lell lour chihh'en ; James, Jr. Samuel now
livinLT, Mrs. C'luise and JNIrs. Westbrook Knii::ht. Jones
had been a soldier on the American side in the Kevo-
lutionary war. His iarm was near that now occupied
by William Kni<j,ht. He was u prominent member of
society, and was t'reiiuently elected to olllce in town
allairs. His son. Jones Dyer Jr., married Lydia, a
daughter of C'a})t. Jonathan Knight, by whom he had
fifteen children. (Vid. Appendix.) His iirst home was
where the Alms Hous<' now' stands; his second, on
Main St., near the foot of Church Aveiuu'. Being a
mail of energy and decided a])ility, he took an active
part in all public alfairs, and was for many years the
wealthiest man in town.
Thus Calais began. From time to time, other
families came ; Bohanon, Noble. IVttigrove, Sprague,
Bailey, Lane, etc., of whom some mention will be made
in another chapter. The settlement was made not by
')'}
I'lOXEKKS. — < ALAIS.
NVJir nor witli roiiiiuu'c, hut in soIht r(»Mlit_v. Its pio-
iH'crs were not IcjuikmI men mikI womcp. luit ImIioiith
trvin}jj to ^('t an honest livin*;. Tlu'v U-\'\ ii<> letters or
uinniiscriptH to disclose tlie story of their trials or tri-
innplis. Hut they left what is Car Itetter, the reputa-
tion of heiu}:!: kind, just and i N'llijxent people. 'I'heir
deseendants to the third and loiu'th generation, haye
arisen and l)lesse(l their memory. We <'annot trace the
intluenc e, hut there is no doubt that much that Ih good
and ri<i:ht in our midst, came from these hardy, worthy
woodsmen.
^
PIOXKKUS. ST. STKl'IIKN.
'21)
IV.
PIOiVEEIiS—ST. STEVIIKN.
All tlic !1U(m1 people mikI the oM Iniditioiis in Ciilnis
anil St. Stephen, eoncin- in the statement tliiil the lirst
white settlers in each town eanie IVoni Maehi;is oi- some
plaee in thiit vicinity. .A few of the liist c:ime thronnii
the woods, guided I ly an Indi.Mn;tiie others came l>y
water. For a time, they occupied perluips in e(|ual
numhers, each Hide of the river; hut eventually oidy
two men, Daniel and Sauniel Hill, with theii- fiimilies
remained in Calais. The others, — .lames ;ind .h-remiMh
Frost, Jacob Libhey and his sons, Kbenezer and Jacob
Jr., John Kolfe, Dr. McDonald, HeuJMinip (letchell
and Sanniel IVIillberry, with their families, located in St.
Stephen. They came in 1770 and HO, j»n<l occupied the
land adjoining the river, from Ferry l*oint to Porter's
Stream. Lib])ey's lot was at the Cove. Their object
in settling on the St. Croix, was to engage in lumber-
ing. Soon after their arrival, Daniel Ilill, Jacob Lib-
bey and Jeremiah Frost built a Saw-mill on Porter's
Stream, and began the manufacture of boards and deal.
The logs were at first obtained by felling the trees near
the stream and rolling their trunks into the water. All
the houses of these people were constructed of logs, and
were destitute of brick cliimne3's. They contained very
T
24 riONKKRS. — ST. STKrilEN.
little I'liniiUirc. nnd few if any jjjlnss windows. Their
clinirs. tables, beds and enlinarv utensils were of the
most primitive style. Yet these rude homes were eom-
fortahle, and renderi-d pleasant by th(» presence of lov-
ing', raithfiil wives an<l nioiliers. '!"he first ehild born
in the new settlement, was Sanmel Libbey ; and <>reat
was the joy of the occasion. — After a time, several
families of tiiese earliest settlers located on tlie fertile
Ki<l<i:es a few miles back frv>m the river, and there many
of their descendants still reside.
Hon. J. (i. Stevens of St. Stephen, in his al)le and
interestinji: ''Prize Essav on Charlotte County," says :
''The first settlement of the County began in 1784,"
when several persons preyiously of II. 15. jM's. 71st.
Kci^iment, with others from Nova Scotia, Massachusetts,
New York and elsewhere, united in a Corporate Body
called the ''Cape Ann Association," and obtained ti
Grant of a large tract of land in what is now the Parish
of St. David. The Grant was given to David Clenden-
in and 147 others. IMaiiy of them, and stmie accom-
l)anied by their wives and children, in that year and the
next, permanently h)cated on the (irant. Among them
were Dayid ChMidenin, Williai.. i.ioore, William Vance,
Thomas McLaughlin, Reuben Smith, Samuel Thomas,
Josiah Ilitchings, Francis N«»rwo< d, Nathaniel Parsons,
Dayid McAllister, an<l others probabh', whose names
cannot be ascertained. The descendants of these peo-
ple still oecup3' farms in St. Dayid.
I
's. Tlioir
re of the
went coin-
•e ^)i' lov-
lild l)<)n)
111(1 threat
, several
he I'ertile
lere many
al»lo and
'," says :
1 1784,"
's. 71st.
eliusetts,
t(} B(xly
tain.ed a
le Parish
Uleiulen-
' aecoin-
' and tlie
)ng thrin
n Vance,
rhonias,
Parsons,
' names
?se peo-
rioNKKH.S. — ST. STKIMIKX. L>,'
In tlie same years, 17K4-r>. and prohalily ("nun llic
same localities, fourteen other families came and set-
tled netir the hank of the St. Croix. piohMhly below
Porter's Streiim and down to the Ledne. The names
of the men were Jvlimmd J^olierty. djimes Thom})son,
dames Nickerson. Zel). Liimekin. dolui McMiillen. .lo),i,
ij'ly, .loshna Jiahh. Wm. Callop, .lohn LveniMn, Lnther
Dany. Alex. Patterson, John Jordan, John Youno-,
and Johii II<)j)p.s.
Having erected log eal»ins in which to reside, tluse
hrave i)ioneers at once eng:iged in clearing the land of
its 'dense forests, and raising sncii croi)s as the s<;ij snid
cli]nate would i)er]nit. Wm. Moore, who ai^usirs to
have been the most wealthy and energetic imin in tlie
c(dony, l)uilt a Saw-mill and (irist-mill on l\>rter's
Stream, at the locidity ever since called Mooiv's Mills:
and some :dtenti<^n was somi ])aid to lumbering. The
farms Aielde<n)ountiful lunvests, the river wjis alive
with tish and the forest with game, the industrious
women wove all the cloth needed thv garments, then>
were n(j taxes to pay and no expensive fashions to I'ol-
low, their dwellings were warm and comforta!)le, jiiid
the thrifty colonists had no reason U) complain ol" their
wihh'rness homes and enjoyments. They ought to luive
heen and j)robably were, a "ontented and h.'ii)py people.
Bnt the village of St. Stephen owes its origin
mainlrto a colony led thither by Capt. Nelu'miMh
Mark8. He was a native of Derby, Coiuiectieut. and
2C,
rU )\KKR.'=:. — ST. STKPHKV.
nppcnrs to have boon ji iimn of marked ability and cn-
cr^y. Shortly after the l»e<^iiiniii«r of the Revohitionary
War, he went to New York, and en}i;a<j!;ed in the British
service as a hearer of military despatches on both sea
and land, with the rank of Captain. At the close of
the war in ITH.'i, in company with many other Loyalists,
he left the United States and sought a home in Nova.
Scotia. Me was allowed a pension of £96 a year, and
had talent enouiih to win success anywhere. But not
tinding in Ilalilax an opening that was congenial to his
energy and arnhiiion, Jind desiring if possible to assist
his companions in exile, he left that city an<l with 104
others sailed in a small vessel to St. Stephen. They
landed June 24, 1784, in front of the present "Porter
house," and pitched their tents along the shore, from
thence to Marks' Corner.
Having assisted his companions in building log
houses and making other needful i)reparations for the
coming Winter, Captain Marks returned to Halifax to
obtain from Governtnent if possible a Grant of land and
such other assistance as his people might require. He
was successful. King George III., being anxious to
have his remainijig North American territory well peo-
pled, willingly granted to each actual settler, 100 acres
of land, a generous supply of farming tools and build-
ing materials, and regular army rations for three years.
Not iong after, the Royal agents, Messrs. Jones and
Morrison surveyetl and laid out the land into village
lots and hundred acre farms ; and one of these was given
to each man residing in town.
The colonists were new fairly and pleasantly lo-
cated, and their future prosperity seemed to be assured.
Before their rations ceased, they would have abundant
'I
I'
:>
nONEKHS. — ST. STKPIIEN.
27
[ind (Mi-
[itionnrv
' IJritish
K)tli sea
close of
)yalists,
n Nova,
'ar, and
But not
itl to his
o assist
ith 104
. They
''I*orter
e, from
ing log
for the
lil'ax to
md and
e. lie
ions to
11 peo-
acres
build-
years.
s and
Ivillage
given
|tly lo-
jsured.
indaut
I
i
1
time to fell the trees, prepare the soil and raise a sup-
ply of food. Dut seri«)us obstacles were in the way.
Some of the nien had been in the army long enough to
accjuire a decided distaste for the steady hal)its and
hard labor needed in clearing the laud and cultivating
the soil. Others were unacquainted with that kind of
business, and therefore able to accomplish but little,
even though diligiMit. Others were intemperate and
therefore worse than useless citiz(nis. The supply of
rations seemed to render immediate industry nnd econ-
omy unnecessary. Three careless yeiirs pjissed away;
the rations ceased, and hard times began. Little pro-
vision had been made for this inevitable emergency ;
the improvident peoi)le had but a small amount of mon-
ey or means to purchase supplies, and no good market
was near. Haggard destitution soon set in. Fooil, rai-
ment, tools, glass, nails, furniture, became alarmingly
scarce and dillicult to obtain. Of course, m this pri-
vation, there was much sutlering, sickness and discour-
agement.
But ''necessity is the mother of invention" and the
spur to activity. By the skillful use of wooden pegs,
comfortable houses and furniture were constructed
without nails. In the absence of leather, shoes were
made of the raw hides taken from the shanks of
moose and deer. The hunter and the lisher brought in
food. Farming began in earnest, and soon yieldcnl a
fair return. Flax was raised and wool grown, and both
were manufactured by the thrifty women into cloth and
garments. The lumbering business began to be pushed
with vigor, and vessels came with merchandize to bart-
er for the timber. The faithful ministry of Rev. Dun-
can M' Coll, imparted religious hope and faith; and
T
28
PK'NKKKS. — ST. STKPIIKN'.
sloNvly tlio Settlement became self-sustaiuinyj and liopo-
ful.
The first sale of real estate took place in 1785.
Avhen Jacob Libbey sold his farm extendinu; from the
Brid<i;e to Main Street, and ))erha[)s t'urtljer down, to
Nehemiah Marks, for 1*2."), in money, a barrel of beef
and a barrel of pork. The land is nov valued several
hundred times liiohci- ; hut Libbey was in need of funds
and food, and probably felt satisjled with his bargain.
With our well supplied markets on every side.
where every needf\il commodity is kept for sale, it is
dhiicult for us to realize the many deprivations and con-
secpient trials of a n(;w and isolated settlement. In
those earh' days, fish and venison were plenty, l)ut often
almost uneatable for want of salt. It was therefore a
very joyful day when Capt. Robert Pao^on arrived at
St. Stephen with a small cargo of salt ; — the tlrst ever
imported Tradition has not preserved the date, but
the auspicious event could not be forgotten. How nice
it was. and how grateful these poor people were, to
have their potatoes and fisn or moose beef, seasoncil
with salt !
In addition to the persons already mentioned in
these annals, the following list of names is copied froin
old account books kindly loaned the author by O. I\I.
Porter Esq., kept in the store of his father, Josei)h
Porter, at Ferry Point, Calais, from 17S8 to 1791. Tt
was probably the first store in the vicinity, and it re-
ceived the patroiuige of the entire conr?iunity. Few of
the people at that time had much reatly mone}' ; and
hence as many as could, bought goods on credit, and
therefore their names api)car in Mr. Porter's day-books.
The settlements had no Icijal names and none arc Ibund
I
IMONKKIJS. ST. STKIMII'.N
2!)
11(1 hope-
11 J 785,
roiii the
own, tu
of beef
several
of fuiuls
hargaiii.
ly side,
e, it is
111(1 eoii-
Mit. In
lilt often
re fore a
ived at
st ever
te, hut
o\v nice
ere, to
Misoned
•lied in
nl from
(J. M.
Jose[)Ii
In. Tt
it re-
^'ew of
and
t, and
books.
bund
in the store records ; but his customers doui)tless in
eluded nearly all the people on each side of the St.
Croix, from Bailevville to Uobbiiiston, includiiiii the
parishes of St. James and St. David. The earl}" edu-
cation of these pioneers liad in many instances been
sadly neijlected. Kach one knew his own name, but
some were not iu'(ju;iinted witii the art of spellinu. 'JMic
entry clerk, himself not a Master of Arts, adopted the
plioiiogra|)hic style of spelling' according to sound: :ind
his careless and fade*] i)enmans''p is in some [)laces
almost illegible. As nearly as possil)le I give the names
as he wrote them, and leave the readry to decide for
himself whom they mean.
In 178.S, those who '■•got trusted" at the store were
Samuel Andrews, Nathaniel Bailey, John Berry, l)ea.
Jacob Boyden, Benj. Bradfoid, Wm. Bugbee, Peter
Butler, John Campbell, Peter Church, Esq., Henry
Collotf , John Dyer(?) James Dyer, Jones Dyer, Uol)ert
Conners, Thomas Fitzsimons, Thomas Grace, James
Gozline, David Ilitchings, ,Iohu and David Johnson,
Samuel Jones, Thomas Lindsay, John Long, Hugh
MacKay, Angus McDonald, Donald McDougal, John
McKinsiy, John McPhail, Alex. McRa Es(j., James
IMcNab, Hugli Maleom, David Mowatt, Samuel I'ierce,
Thomas Pettigrove, Francis Pettigrove, Joseph Por-
ter, AVilliam Scott, Abiel Spragiie, James Sprague,
AVm. Swain, Thos. Tompkins, Kobert Watson, and
Thomas Wire.
hi 17<S!). the following additional names are found
in the J)ay-book : —
Bray, Brady, John H. Brewer, Henry Brown, Ks(j.
Colin Campbell, Carlow, John Cooper, Thos. Delyder-
iiier, Dr. Samuel Emerson, Kobert Fawcett, John Fos-
ter. Dr. (iordoii, Henry Gouldsmith, Eben Greenlaw.
ao
rrf>\KKHS. — ST. STKfMIKV.
I
I
.loHOph Ilnle. Jolni Ilainliii, .Inmcs Ilaimali. Honjamin
Henderson, Ilnnipliroy, Job Johnson, William Kilby,
.James Lane, Thomas Lashnre, Nin. Lindsay, William
ALihee, Jaeoh Mabee, IIn<i:h McPliail, Morrison. Andrew
.Murchie, i\I(;('nllnm, Jaeol) Norwood, Ehen Owen,
Alex. Patterson, Joseph Parker, Daniel Kay, A. M,
Siinpson,liarn;« Simpson. Daniel Soames, Daniel Swett,
Kd. F. and N. J. Rohhins, Wm. Tower, Matthew Thorn-
ton. Sanniel Turner and Robert Verder.
In 171)0-1)1, the following additional names are
l'ou!id in Mr. Porter's Account books . —
Thomas Ball, Lsaac Bailey, John Barber, John
Bohannon, Neal Brown, Jona. Caldwell, Hugh Camp-
bell, Geo. and Peter Christie, John Colvin, Roberson
Crocker, Silas Cummins, Joseph Dunham, John Fair-
banks, Alex. Furguson, Wm. Frazier, Moses Fisk^
.lohn and Jeremiah Frost, B. Getchell, James and Wm.
Grant, Thomas Grimmer, John Hall, Martin Hanian,
John Hasty, Daniel, Joseph, and Samuel Hill, Robert
Hitchings, .lohn Hopps, W^m. Jackson, Joseph Lavvler,
Robert Livingstone, John Loyall, Peter McDarmed,
Neal McBean, Rev. Duncan M'CoU, Duncan IVIeCullum,
Daniel McCormic, James Maxfield, Thomas Mitchell,
.lohn Murchie, Samuel Millberry,James and .John Noble,
Robert Pagon, John Pettigrove, Abraham Pine, Benj.
Pomroy, Dennis and Miles Post, Angus Rankins, Capt.
Ed. Ross, Sibley, Mikel Simpson, James Stewart,
Stickney, Ralph Taylor, Charles Thomas, Isaac Tit-
c<mib, Tyler, James Thompson and .Tacob Young.
No estimate ot the population of St. Stephen can
be made from these names, as (juite a number of the
persons mentioned did not reside in this Parish. But
if the tradition is truthful, that in 1790, there were only
sixteen white residents in Calais, then there must have
r I ON EKH S . — ST . ST K V 1 1 KN .
31
(•njamin
Kilby,
William
Andrew
I Owen,
A. M.
1 Swctt,
r Thorn -
mes are
;r, John
I (,'ainp-
loborson
HI Fair-
s Fisk,
1(1 Wm.
Hainan,
Robert
Lawler,
)armed,
CuUum,
litchell.
Noble,
Benj.
, Capt.
tewart,
Tit-
in can
of the
But
|re only
have
boon several hundred in St. Stephen and vicinitv. In
tact, diirin<^ many years, the English town, in every
re?pect was far ahead of her humble American sister.
The list of names however- is valuable because it ap-
proximately determines the date of the settlement of the
ancestors of many persons now residing in this part of
the country.
F'or several years the colony appears to have been
destitute of domestic animals. The first oxen were
brought from Robbinston ; the date uncertain. A
while after. Capt. Marks importcil a cow from Halifax.
The first horse ever seen in town, was driven into St.
Stephen, in 1795, by Wm. Moore of St. David. Robert
Watson, the father of the present Bank Cashier, was
the first owner of a horse. This was near the beginning
of the present century.
William Buchanan whose house stood near the
present residence of F. H. Todd, Esq., came from St.
.lohn in 1783, and engaged in getting out ''King's masts" ;
that is, tall, straight pine trees more than three feet in
diameter. Other lumbermen not long after began getting
out and shipping 'Hon timber" ; that is, large pine logs
roughly hewn square. Others split and shaved shingles
for exportation. The mill on Porter's Stream, manu-
factured boards and deal. In a few years, a brisk trade
sprang up ; and the often returning vessels brought an
abundance of the needed merchandize.
At first the little fleet engaged in this exporting
and importing, were owned in St. Andrews, St. John
and elsewhere ; but in 1 797, Alexander Gooden or
(xolden, built a small schooner in St. Stephen, and two
years later, Joseph Porter built another. Tliese were
the first vessels built on the river above Robbinston.
In 1800, Capt. N. Marks died. And here properly
ends the pioneer age of St. Stephen.
:\-2
SUUVKV A\I> SAr.K OF CALATS.
V.
SURVEY AND SALE OF CALAIS.
WasIiinL?ton Count v wus oi<z:!i!)i/o(l, .June 2r)tli,
17HD; and about tliat time, by order of the Cleneral
Court of Massachusetts, liufus Putnam and Park Hol-
land surveyed and divided into to\vnsliipr<, a hirgc area
of territory ])ordering on the St. Croix. Tn their IMan,
Calais is marked No. 5 ; and this, for more thfin a doz-
en years, was its only legal desionation. The tovvu-
shij) contained 19392 acres of linely limbered and there-
fore valuable land. Moreover, it was for sale ; and a
purchaser soon api)eared.
June 27th, 17«9, Nathauiel Wells, D. Coney and
John Reed, a committee a[)pointed by the General
Court, sold Township No. 5, to Waterman Thomas of
Wahloborough, IVIe., for the sum of G72£, 8s. 3d., pas-
able in "Treasurer's Orders." The deed is worth pre-
serving. It is here given verbatim.
"Know all men by these presents, that we the un-
dersigned, a Committee appointed by the General Court
of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, and by the re-
solve of said Court, authorized and empowered to sell
and dispose of the unappropriated lands of said Com-
monwealth, lying within the counties of York, Cmnber-
land and Lincoln, — for and in consideration of the sum
of six hundred and seventj- two pounds, eight shillings
and threepence, on (in?) Treasurer's orders, agreeable
to a Resolve of the General Court aforesaid, which pass-
ed, Mar. 9th. 1787, paid by Waterman Thomas of Wal-
SrUVKY AND SALK Ot^ CALAIS.
38
\(
us of
pre-
un-
Court
re-
sell
Com-
111 ber-
Slllll
linos
cable
piiss-
(lobor()ii<^li in the county of Lincoln and Commonwealth
nfoiesaid, Es(niire, the receipt whereof we do hereby
acknowledge, have j^ranted, bargained, sold and con-
veyed, and hy these pivsents do in behalf of said Com-
monwealth, grant, bargain, sell and convey unto the
said Waterman Thomas, a tract of land in the aforesaid
Commonwealth, lying within the County of Washing
ton, being Townshii) number five, bounded as follows,
viz: — Beginning at a spruce tree and heap of stones,
the northeast corner of number Four, standing on the
west shore of Schoodic or St. Andrew's Bay, — thence
south seventy Degrees West, four miles, two hundred
Hcventy one rods to a cedar stump and stones — the
corner of four Townships mentioned under numl>ers
three and four, — thence north twenty degrees west, five
miles, one hundred and four rods, to a stake and stones
on the southerly bank of the Schoodic river, thence
down the middle of the same to Schoorlic bay opposite
the Devil's Head so called, thence southerly by the
western shore of Schoodic bay, to the first mentioned
bounds, — said tract containing 1031)2 acres, reser^ing
however, to each settler who may have settled on said
lands, prior to Jan. 1st. 1784, one hundred acres of
land, to be laid out so as to include their improvements
and be least injurious to the adjoining lands, — and re-
serving also four lots of 320 acres ea(;h lor })ublic uses ;
— to have and to hold the before gi*anted and bargained
premises, to him the said Waterman Thomas, his heirs
and assigns forever ; — and we the said Committee, in
behalf of the Commonwealth aforesaid, do covenant and
agi-ee with the said Waterman Thomas, that the said
Commonwealth shall warrant and defend all the before
granted premises, to him the said Waterman Thomas,
u
SUUVKY ASI) SALK OK (At-Ars.
his heirs ami asHi<^ns Ibivvcr, a«j^ainsl the lawful
chiiins and (leinaiuls of all persons whatever.
In witness whereof, we the said Connnittee have
hereunto set our hands and seals, this twenty-seventh
day of .lune in the year ofour J-.ord, one thousand seven
hundred and eighty nine.
Nathaniel Wells, I.. S.
I). Coney, L. S.
.lohn Reed, L. S.
Ml. Thomas, within a few years, sold one half the
township to Shubael Downes of Walpole, Mass., one
quarter to Edward II. Robbins of Milton, Mass., and
one (piarter to Abiel Woods. Subsequently Edmund
Monroe purehased a large share of the lands belonging
to Messrs. Downes and Woods. These were the original
proprietors, and to them run back nearly all the legal
land titles in the City.
At first the proprietors' shares were undivided ;
but after a time, Samuel Jones surveyed the township
and divided the land into fifty, and, in some instances,
hundred acre lots. Below the lower Steamboat
wharf, the lines from the river, run S. 70 degrees W. ;
above that point, S. 45 degrees W. ; and these remain
the courses of the farm lines to the present day.
1
.1
riUMKVAL A(JE. — 1790 to 1«00.
85
VI.
riilMEVAL AGE.— 1790 t.o 180().
Thoro is a tradition tliat in 1790, Calais had only
sixteen white inhabitants; hut few as there were, it is
impossible at present to ascertain all their names. The
colony however was lirnilv establislied, and a<lditional
settlers came in every year.
Prominent among them was Capt. Jonathan lvn:ght,
who came from Machias about 1790. His farm fronted
the river at Salmon Falls, and his hospitable home was
near the angle of tlie road in that vicinity. For many
3'ears his house was the trysting place for the merry,
and a sure refuge for the poor, the wear}' and the
stranger.
It is said, and with some probability, that Capt.
Knight fired the first gun in the first naval engagement
of the Revolutionary War. Veritable history relates
that June 12th., 1775, the brave men of Machias cap-
tured in their harbor, the English armed scliooner Mar-
garetta, after a sharp conflict with musketry and b}'
boarding, in which five Englishmen and two Americans
were killed and several others wounded. Capt. Knight
was one of the boarding y^arty. The tradition relates
that Capt. O'Brien the commander of the Americans,
ordered his men not to fire till they could see the en-
emies' eyes. As they approached ih^ Margaretta, Knight,
whose sight or imagination was stronger than his com-
panions', whispered to his leader, ''I see their eyes."
O'Brien replied, "then fire;" and he did. It was the
36
PUIMKVAI. A<iK. — 171M) to IHOO.
first <jun. The imiskct, a "(^lU'cn's arm," was loii^
kept ill the [aiiiily, and hIiowii as a proud incim'iito.
Mr. Kiiijj^ht was an cncrjjjt'tic, popular and pros-
porous citizen of Calais. Ill' had six children; Paul,
Westbrook, John, George, Ilenrv and Mrs. Ljdia
Jones. They have all ^one thmi earth ; but many of
their descendants still reside in town, and rank as jjrood
citizens.
The ()ldest son, Paul Kniifht, spent the first part
of his niarrie*! life at Knj^iishnian's River Settlement
near Machias. lie then moved to Hobbinston, and re-
mained there several years. Before IHOO, he came with
his family to Calais, and settled in the southeast part
of the town. He had ei«ifht children, among whom
were three pairs of twins. His wife was Hannah Whit-
ney of Jonesport. Five of the children are still living,
viz. : James, Mrs. Ann Maria IJradbury, Mrs. Emily
Smith, Mrs. Calista (Jriswold, and Mrs. Mary Emer-
son.
Sept. 5, 17i)2, the proprietors sold 100 acres of
land to Thomas Be.-ry. This is the first sale of land
for a farm, of which 1 have found any record. There
were few if any, previous. Soon after, John Johnston
and Abigail Sprague bought 100 acres each. These
people probably resided for a time on their land ; but it
is diificult to trace their history.
On the same day of September 1792, Thomas and
Francis Pettigi'oye of Kittery, Me., bought each, a hun-
dred acres of land in Calais, and soon after came here
to reside. Francis located near the Ledge, and Tl\()m-
as, on Hinkley Hill. Piach reared resi)ectable families.
Francis jr.. the son of Thomas, married Mary McCurdy
of Campobello, and remained on the homestead of his
rUlMKVM. \(.V.. — IT'.M) to Isoo.
• > <
TiitlKT. lie hud M('v«'iit('»'ii i-liildmi. Icii of whom liv.'(l
to jKliilt :i,L;(',viz. :— 'riioin:is,X('vil..Mrs. ('aroliiu' Slmit.
IMrs. Sanili Colhv. Mrs. ("Iiarlottc FosUt. I-'iiukms.
William, Mrs. Alii^ail Smith and Mrs. Lucy H. Smith
who still iisidi'M at tin- ohl hoim'. None of the other.-,
dwell at jU'eseiit ill Calais. Some of Francis l*ettiu,rove.
.senior's posterity however still live in the lower part of
the city and retain the Tamil v name.
Ananiah Hohannon and wife with tlu'ii- tw) sons,
John and Daniel, came IVom Machias and setth ' in
Calais at an early date. Their home was near tln'^p't
where the Al>ner Sawver house now stanch
ri
lev
j)ear to iiave heen moral, active and nset'nl citizens.
Mrs. Hoiiannon, in all the re}^ion roimd, was often »'m-
ployecl and hij^hly prized as a midwife.
Sept. 1), 17l>2, .John IJ<>hannon, for tlie small sum
of t'l"), l)ou<;ht of K. II. Hohhins a hundred a<'re lot, in
what is now the iieart of the City, emhracini^ nt>arly all
the husiness part of Main St. In the Deed there was a
reservation of the ''rijiht t(j lay out a road four rods
wide, across the same." It is evident there were then
no puhlic hi«»;hways in the Township : and wild land was
considered of small value. Cnaware that he owned the
' site of a future citv, Mr. liohannon in IVDO, sold his
land with all its improvements, to Mr. Rohliins, for one
hundred dollars. Hut still likini^ the location, in 171)7
he rebought one half the lot, and continuecl to live in
his oripnal cahin.
Daniel Boi'.annon settled first on the lot now occu-
pied by Hon. Wiiliam Duren ; Itut that tract of land
havinjj" been reserved for the benefit of the town, he
made for himself a farm, about a mile furthei'down liv-
er. He had seven children. His vouny:est sou, Shu-
T
.■'»'^ I'Ui.MKVAL A(;i:. — 17;m) to l.S0().
l>:i('I I). iiKin'!''<I Mji.cin Petti <i,r<)V('. .'iiid still resides on
the old lioiiiestejid.
Altout the sniiie time. Xjitluniiel Uuilev locjited in
the sMiiie iieiii-hltorhood ; Imt Jil'terwnrd moved to Hailev-
vilh'. Wiliijuii llill also settletl in that vicinit;-, hut
siihse({iieiitly moved to the i^edi^e on tlie oi)[)osite side
ol" tiie ri\<'r.
.lohn and James Xohle also settled in the lower
pai't of the town, ahont 171)0. Jamt's died in early
manhood: hut two sons of John, still reside in town;
— a<i"ed and resjieetahle men.
The permanent settlement of'Townshi}) No. 5, was
now etfeeted, and the people were husily at work in
their new homes. In most res[)e('ts the loeation })roved
to he excellent. In laruunu'. Inniherinitj;, huntinu" or
fisliinu'. there wus plenty of em[)loyment, and the lahor-
er was sure of a fair ('omi)ensation for his toil and skill.
There were- no exi)ensive fashions to follow, no plaeeof
costly anmsement to visit, and with one sa<l exception,
no easy way to si)end money foolishly. Land, houses
and food were chea]). and fuel cost nothing' hut the cut-
tinu". I*Mit nearly all the citizens fully believed that
ardent s)>irit was essential to theii" welfare ; and hence
many scpiandered in rum, the fortunes they miuht have,
njade. Very little cloth or ilour a])pears to have been
bought. The following price-current of the articles in
common use, is taken from Joseph 3*orter's ledgers from
17.S.S-!)!.
Indian meah i)r. bush.
Hye *' " '^
Potatoes, " "
Men's shoes, pr. pair,
Women's '' "
£. s.
d
6.
6.
1
n.
6
6.
5.
I
i
?**'»fPm?J"'^MII.JII!!,««KI«4lill
i'si(I(^s on
'CM ted ill
<> B.'ii ley-
lit;-, hut
iito side
U' lower
ill e.'irly
1 town ;
). o, wns
work ill
1 proved
itiiio- or
le hd)or-
iid skill,
phieeof
•option,
houses
the cut-
Mi that
d henee
it have
•
e 1)0011
clos in
rs from
d.
i».
if.
PHIMKVAL a(;k.— 171)0 to l.SOO. ;};)
IJuin. pr. iTul.
Mohisses,
Ton. pr ■■
Tobacco, •'
Suonr, '■*
Pork,
Lard,
IJuttor, '*
Candles. "
Salt fisli. •'
Axes, apiece,
And otlier thinirs in i)roi)()rtion.
In those days there was no ('lern:yinan, T,a.wyei' or
Doctor in the settleniont ; nor any Clnnvh. corpciration
or institution. \o elections wore held, no troops pji-
rade('. no oflic;-r exercised authority, no court sat ; hut
<'vory one did what to hiin sooined best. Yet law and
order prevailed, (riondshij) jrrew, peace and love wei-e
oiijoyed, and the Schoodic Valley <rained the reputation
ofbeino- ;, Itackwoods Eden. And the number of its
inhabitants oTaduallv increased.
3
6.
2
6.
3
4.
1.
9.
8.
1.
1.
1.
8.
n
8.
).
40
ORGANIZATION. — IHOO to 1810.
VII.
OROANIZA TION.—\ 800 to 18 1 0.
Hitherto tlioro had been no policy adopted in Cal-
ais, and no organization atteni[)ted. There were not
more than a hundred inhabitants in the Township; but
some of them were I'nerjijetie and tar-seeini!;, and a hiiih-
er state of society was inevitable. Symptoms of a iioi)e-
ful progress now became manifest in various ways.
Jarius Keene, a ship builder from Duxbury, Mass.
located in Calais al>ont the year bSOl, and in 1H03 laid
the keel of the first vessel built in the Township. It
was the Liberty, a small schooner: — the lieginning of
a large and pro<ital)le business, still carried on. Mr.
Keene soon became a leading and verv useful citizen ;
and whether in his ship-yard, at church, in Town-meet-
ing or at the head of a Military company, he never fail-
ed to do hii^ duty.
In 1802 or ;}, Peter Christie, Abner Hill & Co., of
St. Stephen erected a Saw-mill at Stillwater, now ^lill-
town, which irom the ra[)idity of its movement was nam-
ed the ''Brisk mill." This at once gave new life and
interest to that part of the town. Oth'M- mills were soon
after erected at the same place, and lumbering on the
St. Croix began in earnest. Workmen thronged to that
locality, and "death to the trees," rang loud and sharp
from hundreds of whirling axes. The clang and rattle
of the ?nills were incess.Tiit. Vessels came from Boston
and other distant ports, to bring merchandize, and to
carry back timber, [)lank, boards and shingles. Money
OUOANIZATIOX. — 1800 to 1810.
41
too poured into the place, and enchanting visions of
wealth dawned on the minds of tlie })eoi)le. Rumor ol"
this thritt spread abroad, and the great eonnnerciai
world began to speak ol' Schoodic with interest and re-
spect.
About the same time, tliat is, al)out the beginning
of the present century, .Stephen Brewer, Esq., of Boston,
became a citizen of Township No. T), and was immedi-
ately and justly assigned to hiiihrank in society. This
intellectual, wealthy and influential man was the first
resident that ex})orted lumber, the lirst Justice and Post-
master in the place ; and he presided at the first Town
meeting, introduced the first wagon and fitted u\) the
first Church. His home was near the corner of Main
and North Milltown streets. In 1804, he married So-
phia Hill of Machias, who as Mrs. Knight is still living,
and to whom I am indebted for valuable information.
They had but one child, Nanc}' A., who married Wm.
Spring, and moved to California. Mr. Brewer died iii
1H14. The next year his widow received from friends
in Boston, a Chaise, — the first one that ever graced the
streets of Calais.
Shubael Downes Jr., a son of one of the original
proprietors came to Calais in 1803 or 4, to manage thf
affairs of his inheritance. He was full of energy and
enterprise. He built and kept the first hotel, — a smart
appearing mansion near the corner of INIain and Church
streets. He l)uilt and run at Milltown the first Grist-
mill. He built the second vessel on the American side
of the river. In 1805, he organized a militia company
and was elected cai)tain ; and with a small band of his
soldiers, a few years after, cut out and rescued an A-
merican vessel in St. Andrews Bay, that had been seized
1-2
<H{(iANIZATH>N.-
1800
U)
IHIO.
by an En<!;lisli nriiu-d ship. Tlio first Town iiiootiii*^ Avas
held at his Inn. Hut his iu'othors, Jolin and (ieorge,
havin<i; fonio to help take eare of tlieir land i)ro))ertv^
Slinl)ael. heconiinji; dissatisfied willi tliis cold eastern
countrv, removed to Pennsylvania witii his faniiiy soon
al'ter the close of the War of 1812-15, and there died.
In 1805, Clement Lane, (the son of Capt. Daniel
Lane of Amherst, Mass., a brave soldier and oflicer in
the American army of the Revolution,) migrated to this
city and located at Mi lltovvn. lie built and dwelt in
the house now occupied by Wm Brooks. During the
VV^inter of that year, 1805-G, in eoini)any witli Daniel
Rhoades, he built for Wm. Vance^F]sq.,tlie first Saw-mill
in Baring. His aged widow is yet living in Minnesota,
and two of his sons, Clement and Maltiah, reside at Red
Beach.
Maj. P^benezer Reading located in Calais in 1805,
and became a highly respected and influential citizen.
He married Rebecca Hill who is still living, and from
her I have received valuable information for this work.
In 1806, Township No. 5, by an Act of the Legis-
lature and in accordance with the wishes of its people,
received the name of Calais. Tliis name was given
perhaps as an offset to that part of St. Stephen called
Dover Hill. Gratefully remembering the timely assist-
ance given b}' Lafayette and his brave companions dur-
ing the Revolutionary War, the American people cher-
ished a warm sympathy for France ; and this s^'mpath}'^
found a very appropriate expression in giving the name
of a frontier city in France to a border town of the Un-
ited States. Tt is greatl}'^ to be regretted that the peo-
ple on the other side of the river did not take the hint,
and adopt the equally pretty and appropriate name of
■ Y' . :=•);:; a*., i3^sr'.vni..r:!;-L-a<;^-'*a;£3;*.i.-ai3a.i-<ttV3
fmr.ANIZATION-. — IHOO to ISIO.
4a
Dover, instead of the nneiiphonious though pious t'ogno-
:r\en of Saint Stephen.
The same year, 180G, Wni. Pike of Wiseasset, Me.,
and his second wife, Hannali Sheppard, l»ecanie citizeiis
of Calais. Tlieir iionie was near the river l)Mnk in the
rear of Yon ng's Hotel. From the tirst, Mr. Pike was
one of tlu' most able, active and efticient managers of
public affairs. His name is on almost every i)age of
the Town Records, as long as he lived. Hut in an
evil day. July 1, 1H18, while on his wa}' to Eastport in
an open l)oat, to celebrate the restoration of Moose Isl-
and by the English, Mr. Pike fell overboard and was
drowned. His three sons, Fred. A., James S., and
Charles, thus earl^^ left to orphanage and indigence, have
done honor to his ineinor}' and to the city, as financiers,
writers and statesmen.
From year to year, other families moved in, child-
ren were born and business increased, till the need of
an organization to raise mone}', construct highways,
support schools and take care of the poor, began to be
clearl}^ perceived. Accordingly' a petition was sent to
the General Court of Massachusetts, and an Act grant-
ing the power to incorporate the town, was passed by
the Legislature and approved by the Governor, June 15,
1801). The warrant calling the first Town meeting, was
issued by Oliver Shedd. Esq., of Eastport, and served
by Stephen Brewer. It was held Jnly 31, 1809, "at the
Inn of Capt. Shubael Downes," and the following offi-
cers were elected : —
Moderator. — Stephen Brewer.
Clerk. — William Griggs.
Treasurer. — Stephen Brewer.
Selectmen. — VVilHam Pike, Jarius Keeue, F'raucis
Pettigrove.
44 OUOANtZATION. — 1800 to 1810.
C OLLECTOR. — Thomas Pettigrove, Sr. .
Constables. — Jones Dyer, Jr., Win. Griggs.
IIuiiiwAY SuiiVEYORs. — Joimtlmu Knight, Jnrius
Keene, John Boliannon, Sr., Jones Dyer, Sr., Simeon
Elliott.
Surveyors of Lumber. — Joseph Prescott, Daniel
Rhoade.s, William Sherman.
Fence Viewers. — Jarius Keene, Francis Pettigrove,
William Pike.
II<)(; Reeves. — Nathan Foss, Shiibael Downes,
Win. Pike, Eli Russell, Thomas Hill, Paul Knight, Wm.
Griggs, Stephen Brewer.
Thus the political life of the town began. Half
the voters were elected to oflice ; though some probably'
in sport. We can hardly imagine swine enough to re-
quire the legal supervision of eight athletic Hog Reeves ;
but the list shows us the names of the wide-awake men
of the day. Alas ! not one of them is now living.
But officers were not enough for the exigency.
Work was needed. Another Town meeting was held
So[)t. 14, 1809, in which it was '•'•voted to accept the
roa<l just laid out from vStillwater (Milltown) to Ferry
Point, and from thence down river to the Ledge." It
is fair to infer that previous to this time, there were no
highways, and no roads for the traveller but bridle
paths in Summer, and logging roads in Winter. In
• tiiese, on horseback, on rude sleds, but more generally
on foot, the har<ly settlers had managed to get along
foi^ thirty years. But a new age had come, and hence-
forth e^erybody and ever3'thing was to go faster and
easier.
During this decade, St. Stephen had also made
8ome progress. Good schools had been established,
OKGANIZATION. 1800 to 1810.
4r>
and good Mcagistrates appointed ; some of tlie old citi-
zens had died, and nianv new ones had come. The
people generally were gathering more property and
gaining a better foothold. There was a marked im-
provement in the streets, houses, raiment and style of
living. Still there was much intemperance and pov.
erty ; and as a whole, the place retained many of its
original features and characteristics.
The Spring of 1804, was very sickly, and manj-
persons died ; among whom were Robert Moore and
Mrs. Benjamin Getchcll ; the latter, one of the very first
settlers and Rev. D. M'CoU's lirst converts. The same
year, 1804, a small colony of emigrants from the High-
lands of Scotland came and settled on what iias ever
since been called "Scotch Ridge." They were moral,
industrious and thrifty. They brought with them their
national religion and the Bible in their mother tongue ;
and as they had nu minister of their own, and man}- of
them did not understand English, Rev. Mr. M'Coll oc-
casional! v preaclied to them in Gaelic. They were
Presbyterians and the founders of the Kirk on the 'Ridge,'
where until recently, service has been conducted at least
a part of each Su»»day, in the Highland dialect. Indi-
rectly the l*resi\vterian Church in St. Stephen owes its
origin to this colony of Highlan<lers.
In 1806, an attempt was made to erect a Meeting
House for Rev. D. M'Coll, large enough to accommo-
date all the church-going people cf the place. The proj-
ect having failed for want of funds, a petition numer-
ously signed was sent to the Bishop of Fredericton,
asking that a Minister of the Anglican Church be sent
for their spiritual guidance and edification. The petition
was granted, and Rev. Richard Clarke came ; and under
46
oii(;anization.— 1«00 to I«10.
I118 direction, Episcopacy gained a footinir in St. Stepli-
en, and Clirist's Church was founded. Thus St. Steph-
en was blessed with two ministers and two churches
while Calais had none. *
r
sthi;(j<;lk kop lifk. — 1810 to 1H20.
47
VIII.
^'STItUGGLE FOR LIFE:'— IHIO t.o 1820.
Calais is an irregularly shaped strip of land border-
ing on the south-west side of the St. Croix river, be-
tween Barin<^ and Robbinston. The soil near the river
is fertile, and some of the land in the centieof the town
might be cultivjited with profit. It can never become
much of a farming town ; but its harbor and water pow-
er may render it a large city. The population in 1810
was about 250, and they were all certain that the place
was destined to grow largely.
The population was composed mostly of families
of limited means, dwelling in poor, small houses, in
little openings in the fores^,, not far from the margin of
the river, all the way from Robbinston to Baring. There
were no good roads, no school houses, no churches, no
banks, and not much money, in town ; but there were
strong hands, brave hearts and iron wills ; and with
these began the long, hard struggle for civilized life.
At the first regular Spring Town-meeting, held as
before at the Inn of Capt. Shubael Downes, April 2,
1810, nearly all the officers of the preceedingyera- were
reelected. In addition however, Wm. Pike, Jarius
Keene and Jones Dyer were chosen School Committee,
and Ephraim Sands was elected one of the Constables.
It was also ''voted to raise S650, for the support of
schools and to pay other town expenses." This was
the first tax ever levied in the place ; and taking into
consideration the poverty of the people, it was by no
r
4ft STKUOflLE FOR MFK. — 1^10 (o 1820.
moans a sinrill ono. Tliore soerns to liave been some
(lonht of its l)('iii<; paid promptly, for AVm. Griggs tlie
Collector, was allowed as a remuneration, six per cent. on
all the money lie collected. It is pleasant to notice that
true to the grand Puritan idea, the tirst dollar voted by
the town, was for free i)ublic schools. The pioneers
may liave been illiterate, but the}' realized the priceless
value of education, and wisely inaugurated the means
to maUe their children intelligent, manly and happy.
One thousand dollars, ($1000) were ako voted for
the making ami improvement of highways, to be paid
in labor. The wages allowed per da}-, were for a man,
9s. a pair of oxen, (Is. a plow, 3s. an<l a cart, 3s. Tak-
ing into account the dozen miles of wretched roads in
town, and the natural tendency of most men not to hur-
ry when working for the public, il is safe to infer that
the highways were but little improved by this expendi-
ture.
Along with the interest in the noble cause of edu-
cation, arose a corresi)onding zeal lor religion. There
were no settled pastors in town : but wandering Evan-
gelists occasionally came along to ''preach the gospel
to the poor." And "to preserve order during public
worship, and to enforce a proper observance of the
Sabbath, Jarius Keene, Shubael Downes and Simeon
Eliott were elected Tythingmen." If this was not a
grim burlesque, it shows another devout streak of Pu-
ritanism.
At this meeting, the following votes were cast for
Governor : — Klbridge Gerry, 35 ; Christopher Gove, 5 ;
Wm. Gray, 2 ; Daniel Cobb, 1 ; total 43. These were
probably about all the voters in the place ; and the}'
were nearly all Jeltersonian Democrats.
STUnWJLK FOU LIFK. — IHll) to 1<S2().
!!•
Ata 'rowii-iuL'i'tino- 1h»1(1 ,hily .'50. I^IO, n Health
( oiniiuttcc was clioscii
Tl
UTc was no pliysician ni
town ; Uut Mickncss wmh prevalont, and auepplemic; was
feared. Tlio ('(»n)initteo did its duly, and llie pla<:;ne
did not come.
At another Town-inettin«i held Nov. ."), is 10. to
vote for a Representative to Congress, liaizillai CJannett
liad eleven ballots, and Tla^iias Kice, three. The nov-
elty of votinu" had worn oil'; nian\ of the men were Ims-
ily at work in the woods ; and political feeling was be-
low zero.
Already the atlairs of the new town began to lie
somewhat c'omi)lieated, and to make things run smooth-
ly, more money was needed. A happy expedient was
aueordingly devised. At a Town-meeting, held at the
house of Wm. (iriggs, Jan. 12, LSli, Jones Dyer, Jr.,
Josei)h Whitney and Paid Knight were chosen a Com-
mittee to petition the Legislature "to grant to the town
of Calais tlie public lands reserved in said town." The
rtnancial relict thus sought, if obtained, would have
been very small and temporary ; tlu» re(iuest therefore
was probably not granted. The young town was left to
prove its woith and strength by paying its own bills.
Near the commencement of this decade, in the
year 1810, a startling and painful episode roused to
intense excitement the hitherto peaceful settlement. In
the edge of Kobbinston, a little below Calais and a mile
or moi-e b ick from the St. Croix, there is a pretty sheet
of w atev called "Money JMaker's Lake ;" and on its shore,
the tragedy began, in a very quiet manner.
One day while Samuel Jones was engaged in trac-
ing the boundary lines of former land surveys, he unex-
pectedly discovered two men encamped near the margin
if)
sTiM«i<JiJ-: FOK I, in:. — IHIO to IM20.
I
of tlir .'iliovc inPiitioiKMl Inkc, iiKliistrioiisly at work,
ni'iimriichiriii}! conntorfcit silver nioncy. (Jicatly a-
iMnncfl at thus lu'ii'.j^ fa' '-* while oceupied in their iin-
lawfiil i'tnployineDt, and iwQ no other way to escape
exposure and punishment, they oft'ere*! Mr. Jones five
hundred iht'lars, if he would not divulge their secret.
Jones, prompted partly by fear and partly hy his love of
money, aeeeptt'd the proposal. A contract tothiseirect
having heen made in writing and signed with hlood
drawn from his own hand, he pocketed the bribe and
lt?ft them to continue their nefarious business.
liut a man who can be Dought, is seldom worthy of
confidence. Mr. Jones soon exposed the counterfeiters,
and a warrant was issr ' for their arrest. Among
those who went to serv -^ precept, was Mr. John
Downes, a highly respected citizen of Calais, and a son
of one of the original proprietors of the town. The
party found a Mr. Ball, one of the monc}' makers, near
the edge of Hobbinston ; and while trying to arrest him,
he discharged a gun, and Mr. Downes fell to the ground,
dead. lie and Ball are said to have been personal
friends ; and it is possible that the bullet intended for
Jones, was accidentally tired at Mr. Downes. The fu-
neral of the nmrdered man was attended by all the cit-
izens of C^alais ; and the poor cold corpse sadly laid to
rest in M 'Coil's cemetery. Ball was carried to Castine,
where the Courts for Washington county were then held,
tried for murder, convicted and hanged ; though not a
few people on second, sober thought, came to the con-
clusion, that he was only guilty of homicide. Thus end-
ed the tragedy ; but the name of the lake will ever re-
main a suggestive memento of the melancholy story.
The wife of Ball is still living in this city.
m^mi
STUUr.(JLK FOR LIFK. — I^IO to iM'iO. 51
At tlic aiimml T()\vn-im'('tiu}j:, April 1, IHll, held
In the Hchool room in Mr. (Jri^j^'s house, Milltown,
most of the oflleers of tlie town were reeUrted. (ieo.
S. Smitli re<'eive(l twenty-five voles for County Treiis-
urer and I{e«;ister of Deeds ; and tliat prohaldy was a-
Itout tlie numher of voters presiMit at thi* meetin;j:. It
wuH voted ''to raise h\ taxation, S-'iOO, for tiie support
ofscliools, SlOO, to defray town expenses, and SlOOO,
for hi<»;hways, to he paid in hd)or." KvicU'utly the peo-
pU' felt j)oorer and less san«!;uine tlian formerly. The
struj^jjjle for existenee as a political hody, was harder
than thev expected. They raised l(»ss money than in
the preee(ling year, hut they went bravely on in theii*
•irduous work.
At an adjourned meetin«>; held April 23, the town
ifJis divid"<l Into school districts hounded as follows:
DiST. 1. — The area between Baring and the east
line of Jones Dyer's farm; — including Milltown.
DiST. 2. — The territory between tlu; east line of
Jones Dyer's farm, and the east line of Daniel Rhoades*
farm ; — including the Union and Calais villages.
DiST. 3. — Extended from Rhoades' farm to Bog
Brook.
DiST. 4. — From Bog Brook to John Noble's east
line.
Thus another im})ortant step was taken in the
cause of education. Each District was to i)rovide a
school house, and receive its per capita share of the
school money.
As the months glided by, talk began to be made
about irregularities in town affairs. The complaining
increased till it was deemed necessary to call a Town-
meeting. At the meeting, held Sept. 30th., in Stephen
i)'^
i i
STm:<;(,LK for lifk. — is 10 to 1S20.
Brewer's lioiise, Paul Knijiht, Samuel Dailiii^i- and
Joshua liurbank were eliosen a conuiiittee '"to call on
Win. Pike and re(juest of him a settlement of the town
aeeounts for 1<S(*()-|(>, or to <>ive uj) to them the town
aceomit l)ooks ; and to rejxM't their doin«is at tlie next
ainuial meetint»." The results of this illeo;;il }>roeeed-
insi', were dissension, hard feelings and a harder struo-
i»le with want. The merits of the ease have lon<»' ajjo
l»een foi"i>otten.
At an adjourned meeting" held Oet. 12, it was
"voted to aecept the road laidout from James S})rague's
to the Hohhinston line." Thus, thirty two yi'ars after
its tirst settlement, the town first had a public road, — at
U'ast a road in name, extending through the whole
length of its territory.
The a speet of affairs in the Spring of 1812, was
gloomy and diseouiaging. The coming war cloud l»e-
gan to darken the whole country. Business was stag-
nating. The population of Calais was not increasing,
Money wa's scarce and debts plenty. Hut nearly all
the peoi)le were brave, war Republicans, and they gath-
ered up their courage and strength, and went on witli
the usual routine of affairs.
At the anniial meeting, held April (Ith, Shubael
Downes was chosen Moderator ; Joseph Whitney, Clerk :
Jones Dyer, Treasurer ; Shubael Downes, Jones Dyer
andJarius Keene, Selectmen; Sanuiel Darling, Jones
Dyer, Jr., Paul Knight, Francis Pettigrove and rlarius
Keene, School Connnittee. $300 were appropriated for
the support of schools, S200. to defray town expenses,
and eight per cent, allowed lor collecting the taxes.
This increase in the percentage was not made because
the price of labor was higher, but because in the hard
sthug(;le for life. — 1810 to 1820.
5;)
times, the task was more ditHcult. Tlie roads must
still have been extremely poor, _>et for some unaceoimt-
able reason, only $800 were voted for their improve-
ment.
The votes for Governor were 47 for Elbridt^e (ierry,
an eminent war Republican, and 5 for Caleb Stron<?, a
Federalist and anti-war man. This was a large vote,
and it clearly shows the patriotic tem})er of the people.
War aji^ainst England was declared June 18, 18)2.
British armed vessels began to cruise along the coast ;
commerce was suspended, and the cold gripe of poverty
began to tighten around the little isolated settlements
on the St. Croix. As there were no regular troops on
either side of the river, the gloom was deepened by the
imminent danger of lawless and bloody conflicts between
the people of the two villages. To prevent this calam-
ity, at the suggestion of Rev. Duncan M'CoU, a Com-
mittee of Public Safet}' was chosen, embracing citizens
of both Calais and St. Stephen, "to endeavor to pre-
serve law and order until troops should arrive and es-
tablish military rule." This humane and judicious
movement secured the object for which it was made ;
though it did not dispel the weary anxiety of the people.
At the next annual Town-meeting, April 5, 1813,
the old board of officers was reelected, $250, voted for
"town accounts," and $500, for highways. The records
make no mention of schools. It is not certain whether
they were suspendeil on account of the war, or whether
their small ex[)ense was defrayed from the money voted
for "town accounts." In the ballot for Governor, the
gritty little town cast 42 votes for Joseph B. Varnum,
war Republican, and only three for Caleb Strong, the
anti-war Federalist.
"F
54
STRUGGLE FOR LIFE. — 1810 tO 1820.
In June of this year, a small military force was
stationed on each side of the river. The British sol-
diers were under the command of Gen. Sainaurez and
Cols. Muld and Buck ; the Americans were in charge
of Capts. Gregory, and Shubael Downes, and Lieuts.
Manning, and Jarius Keene. One company v/as sta-
tioned near Wm. Deming's present residence, and the
other, in a part of W. E. Slayton's house. The former
were "regulars," the latter, militia.
At the annual Town-meeting in 1814, it was voted
to raise ^100 for current expenses, $200 for schools,
and $300 for highways. These sums were small, but
they were all that could be afforded. Very little wheel-
ing was done, and good carriage roads were not much
needed ; the $300 may therefore have been enough. In
tlie ballot for Governor, Samuel Dexter received thirty
two votes, and Caleb Strong onh' two. Though suffer-
ing keenly from the war, Calais was not tinctured with
Hartford-Convention Federalism. The weakness of
Massachusetts did not reach the forest homes of St,
Croix.
The English now, 1814, occupied Eastport and
claimed all the territory east of the Penobscot. Of course
the coast was thoroughly blockaded, and western trade
entirely cut of!'. There was but little money or business
in Calais, Merchandize went up to famine prices.
Molasses was $1.00 a gallon ; corn meal, coarse and
poor, $2.00 a bushel ; flour, $20.00 a barrel, and sugar
a^d dr}^ goods were not to be had except in small quan-
tities. It was truly a "time that tried men's souls."
The river line was closely guarded ; and although there
was plenty of food and raiment in St. Stephen, smug-
gling was almost impossible. There was no actual
STRUOrrLE FOR LIFE. — 1810 tO 1820.
;)0
fighting or outrage on either side of the river : an inci-
dent however took place of considera])le interest. A
dozen or more fat oxen having been driven through
from the Penobscot and smuggled into Milltown, N. B.,
Lieut. Manning determined, to seize them. Accord-
ingly, one da}' when the men of Milltown were mostly
absent from home, he cros'jed the river with a scjuad of
soldiers, captured one uniirKied man and the oxen, and
brought them all safely to Calais. The man soon es-
caped, but the beeves were retained, and added to the
commissar3-departmentof Calais, — an addition just then
much needed.
But a sad and brutal scene was enacted at East-
port. While the English held that town, their soldiers
inhaling the free, sweet air of our forests, manifested a
strong inclination to desert. Several escaped, and no
doubt the Yankees were glad to see them go. The
British officers, exasperated b}- their losses, and deter-
mined to stop the desertions, seized a Mr. Barker who
had formerly lived in Calais, accused him of aiding the
escape of their men, tried him in a Court Martial, found
a verdict of guilty, (though he was probably iimocent,)
and sentenced him to be tied to the tail of a cart and
whipped through the streets of Eastport. The inhuman
sentence was carried into effect, and poor Barker died
not long after from the injuries thus received.
The war at last ended ; the jo^'ful news of peace
arrived ; but it did not restore prosperity. The disease
had departed, but the patient remained thin and weak.
Ver}' little lumbering had been done during the war ;
and at its close, there was very little capital in town
with which to engage in business, In 1816, at the an-
nual Town-meeting, the people were so pinched with
56
STRUGGLE FOR LIFE. — 1810 to 1820.
poverty that they voted no money for the niaintainance
of public schools, and verylittleforany i)iirpose. "Mis-
fortunes seklom come singly." In addition to the finan-
cial jftoom, the Summer of that3'ear was the coldest one
that has occurred during the present century. In some
parts of New P^ngland there was a severe snow storm in
June. Every month there was sharp frost, and every
green thing was chilled and dwarfed, anil the farmer's
hoped for harvest proved almost an entire failure.
Bread became a luxury in which many a famil}' could
but sparingly indulge. At that time, railways and
steam-ships were unknown, and the rich valley of the
Mississi[)pi was not cultivated. The horrors of famine
seemed impending. But the pioneers were used to hard
fare and hard times. They sutfered but did not despair.
In the very midst of the bluest time, feeling that the
political misrule of the old Bay State was in part the
cause of their misfortune, the citizens of Calais voted
"to petition the (General Coiu't for a separation of the
District of Maine from the Commonwealth of Massa-
chusetts." This vyas a move in the right direction, but
of course it brought no innnediate relief.
No event of importance transpired in 1817, except
a great earthquake that violently shook the houses, but
did no damage. The season was fruitful. The brave
peoi>le continued the long and severe struggle with grim
Want until the Autunm harvest was gathered ; and then,
at last, after years of i)rivation, came the joy of fulness.
By 1818, the direful results of the War had nearly
passed away ; and a brighter, better age began to dawn.
Two able, energetic citizens, Col. Joseph Whitney and
Hon. Geo. Downes, the latter a lawyer and new comer,
began to be prouiinent men, and to give a more hopeful
STUUGfiLK VOH LIFE. — 181() to 1820.
;><
aspect to public atiairs. True, the town suffered a
great loss in the untimely death of Wni. Pike, Esq. who
was accidentally drowned July 1, 1818 ; hut the tide of
pros])erity contir.ued to rise. The deeply relijjious feel-
ing that came in the hard times, still prevailed, and
many hearts were made devout and hopeful. Prayer
meetings and regular Sabbath worship were inaugurat-
ed. A strenuous etfort was made to disentangle and
rectify the linancial atiairs of the town, and to ren«ler
the highways tit for travel. The next year, 181!>, the
Grand Jury added more stinudus by indicting the town
for its ))ad and dangerous roads. The work of repair,
reform, and improvement went on zealously, till w ith
better roads, morals, prospects and hopes than ever be-
fore enjoyed by the people of Calais, the darkest decade
in its history ended.
Aug. 20, 1811), the house of Stephen Hill of Mill-
town, N. B., was struck b}- lightning, and Mrs. Hill
'.vas smitten down. One side of her face, neck and
body was badly burned. The gold ))eads around her
neck were melted, and one shoe and stocking torn to
pieces. Though for some time insensible, she slowly
recovered. Nov. 7, of this year, was a remarkably dark
day.
During this decade, 1810 to 1820, St. Stephen en-
joyed a fair share of prosperity. Considerable attention
was paid to agriculture, the soil was found to be very
fertile, and except in 181(), bountiful harvests were
gathered every Autumn. The highways, by the foster-
ing care of the (Jovernment, were built and kept in good
repair, w ithout expense to the citizens. The people
were mainly exempt from taxation, and successful in
business. Good schools were maintained in both vil-
T
58
.STRUGGLE FOR LIKK. — IHIO to IH'iO.
lagos ; and tho rojjular roligiouH serviros of the Sa))l)atli
diffuKod an elevatin*^ influence thron<jliout the town.
I)nrin<^ the War of l«12-lo. fanninfij was almost the
only business ; and no trade with Cahiis or tiie States
heu\<r permitted, some articles became scarce and dear ;
yet no one sutfered for lack of food or raiment. "The
streets were sometimes disturlu'd by the noisy brawls of
• «
rude militia men," but life and })roperty were ever safe.
Before 1H2(), many of the old citizens died, and new
ones came to fill their places, notices of whom will l)e
found in another chapter. For the rest, no event trans-
pired especially worthy of record.
Hy the official census, Calais in IH2(), contained
418 inhabitants, and St. Stephen probably more than
twice as many. Hitherto the two towns had grown
ver}' slowly ; but about this time began a period of
vigorous activity and rapid growth, especially in Calais.
In the i:3xt ten years it more than quadrupled its pop-
ulation and wealth. From a weak, straggling, ^'burnt-
land" settlement, it rose to the dignity of a pleasant,
thrifty, cultured town. Crood roads jmd bridges, fine
horses and carriages, excellent churches and societies,
luxurious homes, furniture and raiment made their
welcome appearance, and banished forever the long en-
(hn-ed dreariness and discomfort. St. Stephen fullj'
shared in the prosperity. The brisk (iemand for lumber
and the ease with which it could be obtained from the
surrounding forests, made business lively and opened
an avenue to w-ealth for all who had the ability and de-
sire to walk therein.
Down to this date, 1820, the historj' of Calais and
St. Stephen consists mainly in the details of the labor
and experience of private and often humble individuals.
STRrr.(;LK FOU'LIKK. — 1810 to 1820.
59
In the monotonous routine of tiie avorago daily li fo,
there were doubtless incidents and accidents enough
to i\eep tlie tongue of Gossip busy, and to banish dul-
ness fion the groups gathered around the evening fire.
Bears were captured, wolves shot, hair breadth escapes
made, people lost in the woods, (puurels engendered,
ghosts seen, flirting and wooing done, marriages sol-
emnized, and a thousand other things happened, all
very interesting at the time, but now not worth repeat-
ing. Fr(»m this point therefore, these Annals will be
devoted mainly to the organization and growth of so-
cieties and corporations, the character and doings of
representative men, and the transaction of affairs whosi?
influence extends in some degree to the present time.
And so far as practicable, the details will be arranged
in the chronological order of their commencement.
t
T
60 WKSLKVAN M1:TIIUI>IST ClILKCH, ST. STKI'lIEN.
IX.
WESLEYAN METHODIST CHURCH, ST. STEPHEN.
Tins Churcli has the honor of being the oldest one
on the river above St. Andrews, and the spiritnal par-
ent of many others in the vicinity. Its Foundtr, under
Divine guidance, was Rev. Duncan M'Coll ; who in
many respects was one of the most remarkable and in-
fluential men that ever dwelt in the St. Croix valley.
Hardy, resolute, intelligent and pious, his name is in-
terwoven with all the early life of St. Stephen and Cal-
ais ; and the impression he made in both towns, is too
deep ever to be effaced. His biography is full of in-
terest.
He was born in the Parish of Appen, Argyleshire,
North Britain, Aug. 22, 1754.* Though not college
bred, he appears to have received an excellent Pinglish
education. In early manhood he engaged in a lucra-
tive business, and supposed himself settled for life. But
through the blunders of his partners, the firm soon fail-
ed ; and not readily finding any other opening, he en-
•listed as a '"Pay Sergeant" in the British arm^'. In
tl it capacity, in 1778, he was taken with his Regiment
t( Halifax, N. S. The next 3'ear, the detachment to
M )ich he belonged, was transferred to a point on the
Pouobscot called Magebegadun, (Castine?) and there
Ill
ent
to
the
ere
I
!i
WESLEVAN METHODIST CllUULll, ST. STEPHEN. Gl
he pjirticipatccl in a battle and sicjjfe, and was fieciuently
under Mre. In 17M1, he sliowed great eoolness and
eourage in a naval engagement in or near ]\lassaelni-
setti-i Bay. During th(! remainder of the War, he shar-
ed the fortunes oftlie British armv in the State of New
York. On the return of peace in 17<s;}, lie went to Hal-
ifax, resigned his olliee, and soon after married Miss
Elizabeth Channal, a zealous Methodist an«l most ex-
cellent woman. In 1784 or 5, having again been disap-
pointed in his business prospects, he moved to 8t. An-
<lrews, bought a log cabin, for which he paid ten Guin-
eas, and began housekeeping. But both food and mon-
ey being scarce and hard to get, he l)ecan}e dissatislicd
with his location, and in Nov. 178o, moved to St. Steph-
en, "to take charge of Col. and Lieut. D. Stewart's
business," and in this employment he continued foi-
several years.
He had a religious tem^ ;rament, and from boy-
hooil, his mind often dwelt on religious ideas. He ever
deeply felt the need of Divine aid, and hence on arriv-
ing in St. Ste[)hen, his first care was to look around for
religious friends and privileges. There was no religious
society or meeting in the place. lie found a Baptist
minister, but the people had no confidence in him and
would not hear him preach. No other door being open,
the next Sun(hiy.probal)ly thelastSabbathin Nov. 17-S."j,
he invited a religious gathering in the evening at his own
home. Six or eight neighbors came in, and then and
there the King Street Methodist Church was born. The
next Sunday, twenty or thirty persons came to the
meeting. Mr. M'Coll did not pretend to preach, but
merely led the devotional exercises. Steadily the num-
bers and interest increased, uutil, in five or six weeks,
T
G2 WKSI.KYAN MKTIIOIUST < nritCII, ST. STKl'HEN.
there wore "powfv'iil times" in the prayer meetings.
From that time to this, the weekly ,u;ath(MMn«;s have not
t)een omitted, nor tlie Soeiety failed of hcinj^ a moral
power. In Jan. IVHG, Mr. M'Cnll, after lon<^ and se-
vere mental Htruggle/'felt snre lie was called to preach ;"
and from that tii!u> he did preach every Sunda}', and
often on other days, until the close of his long life.
The new minister, though not in formal fellowship
with any denomination, fidt the Methodist impulse to
travel and preach. One of his excursions in 1787, re-
veals the condition of things then, in several aspects,
[le went to Pleasant River in Maine, and si)eiit several
weeks m preaching and trying "to huild up Ziou."
Being ready to return, the good people of the place gave
him as the reward (>f his labor, S3. 50, in money, and
three cheeses. He started homeward a happy man.
He reacheil Indian Point in safet}', but found there no
vessel to take him home and no road leading up river.
But go he must ; and shouldering his three cheeses, he
walked along the pathless shore of St. Andrews Bay,
all the weary way to Robbinston. There he found a
boat to take him to St. Stephen. The generosity of
Pleasant River, the absence of roads, and the hardihood
of the man, are characteristics of the times.
In 1790, Robert Watson lent the society', sixty
Pounds ; and with this money it built its first meeting-
house. It was a small, rough, cheerless building, near
the site of the present brick edifice ; but it was a veri-
table '•'House of the Lord ;" and the people greatly re-
joiced at its completion. It was the first meeting-house
built on either side of the river above St. Andrews.
The money to pay Mr. Watson, was raised by Sunday
WKSI.KYAN MI'/riloDIST riirUCII, ST. STKIMIKN.
on
colloetioTiE ; and so frooly <ii<l tin* |)ch)[)1o give, that in
three years the <lei)t was li(jiii(lat(Ml !
in 1791, Mr. M Coll visited Halifax and |)reached
there several Snndays. As ii remuneration, liu' Halifax
brethren gave him a hroad-eloth suit of clothes ; the only
pay he received for seven years preaching, exc"Ji)t tin;
money and cheese at Pleasant Hivcr. In 17!).'>, he made
an over-lan«l jonrne}- to New London, Ct. where he was
ordained l>y Bisho[) Ashnry. Returning h(une, full of
the Divine spirit, he preached so eloquently that in the
Winter of 1795-0, there was a great revival, and sixty
persons were ''hopefully converted." Thus grew the
Church.
In IHOl, the Society purchased two acres of land
for a cemetery, and on it attempted to erect a larger and
more comfortable meeting-house ; hut the plan seems
to have failed, probably because the Episcopalians re-
fused to assist.
Mr. M'Coll was now preaching and making many
converts in Calais, Milltown, the Ledge and St. David.
No separate church perhaps was formed in either of
these localities ; but all the converts called themselves
Methodists, and felt tiiat they belonged to the Church of
Christ. Thus the flame of devotion was kindled and
kept burning in "all the region round about."
In 1805, these people were greath' agitated and
alarmed by the wild ranting and questionable conduct
of certain "new light Baptists," that came from St. John
to disseminate their peculiar notions. For a time the
strange fire flashed luridly among the uncultured ; but
it soon went out, and not much harm was done.
In 1806, the Society attempted to raise funds to
build a $7000 meeting-house, but failed. Still the
(J4
WKSI.KVAN MKrilODIST CHI U< II, ST. STKIMIKX.
C'liurch prosix'ifd, and Mr. M'CoIl i)msU(Ml his arduous
itinerary luiujrs, without any noteworthy oecurrence,
until 1M14. Several causes then conihiiied to turn men's
tliouj^hts from earth to heaven in earnest prayer. War
wan ra<»in<jj, .and any day the murderous conflict might
emhroil thecitizens of Calais and St. Stephen. It was
H sickly season. Multitudes were unwell, many died,
and no one knew Itut his turn wouKl soon come. Times
were hard and business prospects j^ioomy. In view of
these ills, Mr. M'CoU preached with more than his
usual fi'rvency, a revival ensued, and 120 new mernbers
were added to the Church.
Elated by this success, and rendere(l hopeful by
the termination of the War, the Society auain made an
attempt to erect a new meetin<;-house. The work be-
gan ; but the harvest of 181() was almost spoiled by
frost, business remained dull, moi»ev and food were
scarce, Sanuiel Millberrv,one of the best and oldest sup-
porters of the Church, died, the i)eople became discour-
aged, and the building went on but slowly. In April,
1817 Robert Watson died. lie was the wealthiest and
most iiitiuential man in the Church, and for 28 years,
one of its Stewards. A petition was sent t<t the Pro-
vincial Parliament for n , linisliingthe House ; •
but Metlujdists '"in'- , the favor was not
granted. Hut ti o»k at >t completed. June 30,
1818, the house w iS ded' ited and the pews sohl, some
of them bringing $200 Ujieoe.
March 23, 18 PJ, Mrs. M'Coll died a
bnnd childless. The blow almost broke ^
but he still performed his ministerial *
loft her hus-
brave heart ;
ies ; and his
audiences on Sundays, filled the new . mse. In the
WKSI.KYAN MKTHOIUM CIH Krll, sT. STKIMIKN.
<;.»
Autumn, (Jet. H, the Society iii!iu<j[uriit('(l jiu aiixiliaiv
l>il)le Society, with a (air [)rospect of usefulness.
With <j('iiei;ii ^ood interest aini occuMJoiial revi-
vals, th(! Church moved on prosperously for many years.
In June, I.Sl".), the I'astor heinj^ ancd and soinewhal
Ibehle, Rev. K. Williams was settled as his colleague.
Nov. 2M, 1 «;>(), Mr. M'Coll preached two sermons.
Nineteen days after, that is, Dec. 17, he peacefully died
of old age in the HltU year of his lon<^ and useful life.
He was a [)urc minded, generous, faithhil ••Soldier ol
the Cross," and a gtMiuine "apostle to the ( Jentiles" in
the St. Croix valley.
Mr. MX 'oil, though a true Methodist, never suh-
niitted to the Circuit regulation of his Denomination.
His only home and [)arish was in St. Ste[)hen ; though
he often visited and preached in Milltown, Calais, St.
David and otlu>r [)laces. liut imu)ediately after his
death, his Society adopted the usual practice of having
a new preacher every year or two; and this has contin-
ued to the present day. Many an able pastor has min-
istered in its pulpit, and many a season of refreshment
has blessed its people.
In l(S(iU, the old meeting-house was moved to
Water street ; where it is now used by Young Brothers
as a furniture warehouse ; and on its oiigiiud site, a
new and substantial brick church erected, costing $22,-
000 ; and the Society at present is large, active and
prosperous.
f .""■-"
(If) WKSLKYAN METHODIST CHURCH, MILLTOWN, N. B.
WESLEYAN METHODIST CHURCH, MiLLTOWN, N. B,
Prior to 1800, Rev. D. M'C^oll began to hold re-
ligious meetings in Milltown ; and during thirty years,
seldom failed to attend the weekly Class-meeting held
in the liome of Abner Ilill, his devoted and ftiithful
fritMul. In this private sanctuary the little band of be-
lievers joyfully gathered, related their trials, hopes and
fears, and both gnve and received mutual encourage-
ment. From this small beginning, gjevv gradually, the
j)resent large and strong Society.
But the Class-meeting was not enough to satisfy
the zealous minister ; and soon after the commencement
of the present century, he began preaching to the pub-
lic. The services were first conducted iu private hous-
es, — generally in Mr. Hill's, but as early as 1810, in a
school-house near the upper bridge. In this building,
often called the ' 'Chapel," on Sunday evenings and
sometimes on other evenings, for many years, Mr.
M'CoU preached with all his solemn energ3^ Not unfre-
(juentlj' a revival season would come ; and then the
little Chapel would be densely packed with eager listen-
ers.
At length, Milltown having become a large village,
and the Methodists numerous, a meeting-house was
WESLEYAX MEIIIODIST CIIUWII, MILLTOWN, N. B. 07
needed, and in l.;36, erected. It was a modest but
pleasant edifice, and the Society liiglily prized and en-
joyed it. For a few years, peace and prosperity pre-
vailed. Then dissension came, and a part of the So-
ciety seceded. In the midst of tiiis trouble, in the Au-
tumn of 1844, the weather being remarkably warm, the
meeting-house caught fire and burned down. As there
liad been no fire in the building for some time previous,
some excited people asserted that the conflagration was
the evil deed of a malicious incendiary ; but sober, sec-
ond thought arrived at the opinion that the fire was
kindled by the spontaneous combustion of some oiled
cotton stored in a closet on the south side of the house.
It was a blue time for the divided, homeless Societv ;
but the Methodists are a people not easily discouraged.
Misfortune not unfrequently stimulates them to greater
zeal than usual. In a short time, a new house arose
on the charred site of the former one ; and in this con-
venient edifice, the people have ever since held their
religious meetings. Occasional reverses and depres-
sions have from time to time occurred ; but as a whole,
this Church has been blessed with a fair share of pros-
perity.
'J-
II , II"!
68
M. K. CI1LU( II, CALAIS AND MILLTUVVlS'.
XI.
«
METironiST EPISCOPAL CTJUIICIT,
CALAIS AND MILL TOWN.
For inoiv than thirty years after its lir.st settlement.
Calais had no relipous Soeiety, and no regular Sabbath
meeting" Rev. Mv. M'Coll sometimes preaehed on the
American wide of the river, and occasionally a wander-
ing minister came ahnig and held meetings a few Sun-
days ; but in the main, the people were ''without benefit
of clergy." A few of the more [)iously inclined, crossed
the river and attended church in St. Stephen ; but the
majority ai)parently felt little interest in public worship.
Mr. M'Coll generally had a fair audience in Calais ; but
excei)t in a few indivi<huils, the religious interest was
very cool.
Yet,' for this unorganized and non-religious condi-
tion f)f atl'airs. ^Nlr. M'Coll himself was somewhat blam-
able He evidently wished to do all the i)reaching, and
have everybody attend his meeting; ajid whenever there
wastalk of startinga Society in Calais, he put in a stren
uous opposition.
However, after much controversy, in the Autumn
and Winter of bSl"), the Methodists of Calais and Kol)-
])inston had preaching on alternate Sal»baths l)y a
clergyman of their own faith and choosing. Little good
M. E. CIIUUCH, CALAIS AN1> MILLTOWN. Bl»
was done. Some of the brethren still crossed the rivei'
to attend church, and Mr. M'C'oll denounced the new
minister as an impostor. Perhaps he was. He went
his way ; but lie left a determination among the people
to have a meeting and preaching of their own. Provi-
dence favored them.
In the latter part of that cold and gloomy year,
1816, Rev. Thomas Asbury, a Methodist, a native of
Great Britain, came to Calais and conun<'nced preach-
ing, whenever and wherever he found opportunity. Mr.
M'Coll disliked him, and said many a severe thing
against him; but he continued to preach, and the dis-
couraged and half famished people flocked to hear him.
He was an enthusiastic, dramatic and pathetic speaker,
and many of the hitherto undevout people were startled
and thrilled b}- his vehemence. A sweeping revival
ensued. His meetings were frequently scenes of weird
influence and wild excitement. Children cried, women
wept, shouts and groans tilled the air, and under the
intense pressure of excitement, even strong men faint-
ed. Dozens of sinners were hopefully converted, and
.some twenty* persons were baptized.
It was the first baptism of adults in Calais. On a
bright Sunday morning as the tide was coming in, the
candidates knelt in a row% facing the river, on the clean
sandy beach at the foot of Downes St. The river was
the ample font. Mr. Asbury walked along between the
candidates and the margin of the stream, dipped his
hand in the sparkling water and performed the sacred
rite by sprinkling. The voices of prater and song rang
out on the peaceful air, and the kingdom seemed at last
to have come.
Immediately a Church was organized, luimbering
70
M. K. CUfllCH, CALAIS AND MILLTUWN.
thirty six membors. Amonp; thom were the Lrewers,
Hills. Kjiio;hts, IVttigroves, Lambs nnd others of the
best i)eoi)le in town. This wjis the first Chureh in Cal-
ais. A Chiss-meetin<»; was at once started under its
auspiees, and these weekly jxatherings have eontinued
without iMterruption, to the present day.
A nieetin<i:-house was now needed ; and to supply'
the want, Stephen Brewer, Esq. on( of the members of
the Chureh. had a buildino; formerly use<l as a store,
hauled to a loeation on ^lain street, near I )ownes street,
and transformed into a Chureh. This first nieetinir-
iiouse in town, is said to have lieen eomfortable, con-
venient and pleasant. Subse<iuently it was hauled to a
location on Ilinklev Hill, nearly opposite the present
rcjsidcnce of (Jeo. A. Blake, and tliere used as a church
and school-house until 1838, when it was taken down,
and some of its material worked into the house now oc-
cupied by ,1. M. Hill.
Mr. Asbury preached to the Society and elsewhere
in the vicinity, about two years, and then departed to
call sinners to rei)entance, in other i)laces. He was
not the kind of preacher, nor were his meetings the kind
of scenes, that sensible people at the present time wouhl
relish ; but there can be no doubt that he gave a relig-
ious tone to many hearts untouched before, and sowed
the seeds of piety that still grow in all our Churches.
In July, 1818, the Weslevan Conference of New
Brunswick sent the Rev. Mr. Newell to preach in Cal-
ais and vicinity. He came and did good service. He
apj)ears to have l)een a quiet, thoughtful, pious and
scholarly' man, but not a great preacher. While hero,
it is said, he wrote and published a biography of his
M. K. ( Iiruril, CALAIS AXU MII.I.TOWN. 71
deceased wife, if the ti-adition is rc^nvet, this was tlie
first writing for the Press, ever done in (ahiis.
In 1821 or 2, Mr. Newell retired an<l Rev. Kzra
Kellog took his place. He remained abont two years,
and ai)pears to have been a njan of solid worth and
healthy inllnence. Vet little respecting him is now re-
membered.
Thus the Methodist Society luul a fair stait ; and it
ought to have run a good race. Apparently .lothing
hindered it from prosi)ering and being the leading So-
ciety in town. But the ilame of its enthusiasm soon
<lied out, and its ardent fervor ceased. Some of its
members became lukewarm ; the influential men of the
town stood aloof ; the hum of business awoke people to a
new amltition ; earnest talk of starting a C'ongregation-
alist S(X'iety and erecting an elegant ciuu'ch, Itegan to
be made ; and from these and other causes, the Metho-
dist Society lost its prestige and went into a decline
that lasted more than twenty years. Transii'ut minis-
ters occasionally came along and held meetings in the
Minkley Ilill Church ; l)nt the public interest centered
in the Orthodox and Unitarian Societies; and nothing
of importance transpired in the Methodist ranks in Cal-
ais village until about 1845.
Yet Methodism did not die out. In 1827, Rev.
Josiah Eaton of Barre, Mass. settled in Milltown and
preached there in the "red school-house," and also in
Baring ; where in 1829 he married the widow Hamilton.
The next year he was stationed at Robbinston, and after
that in Pembroke and Dennysville. About 18 10, he re-
turned to Calais, and here spent the remainder of his
busy and useful life. He died in 1853, and is remem-
bered as a genial and reliable citizen.
-rr^
m
72 M. C. CIirRCH. CALAIS ANI^ MILLTOWN,
In 1885-0 tliero was a powerful revival of religious
interest, and the Methodists had tlieir full share of its
)>enefit. Thus encouraged and strengtliened the}' de-
termined to erect a meeting-house. The Congregation-
alist and Unitarian churciies in Calais village, seemed
to be enough for that locality, and it was therefore de-
cided to erect the new house in Milltown. Peter Beedy
and Leonard l*ickins were chosen Building Committee,
and tlie house was finished and dedicated in the latter
part of 18;J(). The society now for a season enjoyed a
vigorous i)rosperity. In 1837, its pastor was Rev.
Mark Trafton, a very able and talented man, and after-
wards a member of Congi'ess from Massachusetts. In
1838 and 9, Rev. Phineas Higgins was pastor, and in
1840 and 41, Rev. Isaac Lord.
About this time the old dormant society in Calais
began to manifest signs of life. Its membership in-
creased ; and, disliking the long walk to Milltown on
Sunday, its people realized the need of a place of wor-
ship nearer home. Accordingly in 1845, it purchased
that old cradle of churches, the Central School-house on
Main street, near the foot of Church Avenue, and i^-
modeled it into a meeting-house. Here was another
fair start in life, and the prospect appeared flattering.
Determining this time to transact their business
correctly and thus secure permanency', the Societ}', June
G, 1846, was legalh' organized as a corporate body.
For that purpose, a Warrant calling a meeting, was is-
sued by J. C.Washburn, Esq. at the request of Rev. C.
C. Cone, L. B. Knight, Joseph Ilitchings, Chas. Cottel,
W. IL Brackett, Benj. Baker and James Thompson.
During the Sunnner, the school-house was transformed
into a church, at an expense of 6355.78. The best pews
IS-
C.
el,
■on.
M. E. CIIURCII, CALAIS ANH MILLTOWN. 78
sold for $31*, apiece. As Lutlier H. Kni<j;ht luniislied
most of the money and material for the repairs, theedi-
tice was christened "I^uther's Meetin*:;-! louse." Here
for ten years, the Society woishippi'd and i)r<)spered.
After the Metiiodists left this hnildinji', it was used hy
the Congre<»ati<)nalists as a vestry, and for a time hy
the Universalists, as a phice of vvorshil^ until IJSTO,
when it was burned.
At the (juarterly Conference, })r()l>al)ly the first,
held in Calais, Ang. 21, 1846, there were present, Rev.
John Clough, Presiding Elder, and Hevs. Josiali Eaton.
W. II. Crawford and A. II. Hall, circuit ])reachers.
The societies rei)resented were Milltown, Calais and
South Calais. It was "voted not to renew W. W.
Walker's license as a local })reacher." In a pecuniary
light, this was no damage to Mr. Walker, as the salary
of a minister at that time, did not much exceed $300 ;
and even this small sum was not promptly j. li^'.
At the (luarterly Conference in Aug. 1817, there
were present. Rev. Asaliel Moore, P. E., and Revs. J.
Keith. Milltown; E. A. llelmershausen, Calais; J.
Eaton, south Calais ; and many lay delegates from these
places and Baring. The "state of religion" was report-
ed as "very good in Calais but low in Milltown." There
were 35 scholars and two Bible classes in the Sunday
school in the former place; in the latter, 52 scholars and
one Bible class.
At the next annual Conference, 1848, both the fi-
nancial and religions condition of the soci(>ties being
rather low, it was "voted to unite Calais and South
Calais i'llo one circuit, and Milltown and Baring into
another." Mr. Crawford retained his })lace, but Rev. S.
C. Scammon was assigned to the Calais circuit.
In 1841), Levi C. Dunn was licensed to "preach the
74
M. E. CIIUIICH, CALAIS AND MILLTOWN.
Gospel," and the next ^Tar, his coininisaion was renewed.
In 1850, Mr. Scammon retired, and Rev. S. F.
Wetlierbee took his place in Calais. — In 1851, the preach-
ers were W. H. Pillsbury, V. E. ; C. II. A. Johnson,
Milltown ; L. D. Wardwell, Calais ; J. Eaton and L.
C. Dunn, supernumeraries. The number of Sunday
school scholars was, in Milltown, 122; in Calais, 75.
This was a handsome increase. But in 1855, owing to
some mysterious decline in interest, Rev. C. M. Free-
man appears to have been the only active Methodist
minister on the American side of the river. All the
societies were in a feeble condition, and the Calais Sun-
da^' school was suspended.
In 185G, the Calais society bought the Baptist
Church on Main street, paying $2800 ; and took posses-
sion the first day of April. A revival ensued, and a
large number joined the Church. Since then, the fol-
lowing gentlemen have occupied the pulpits in Calais or
Milltown : — Revs. N. Whitney, C. M. Freeman, Joel
A. Steele, G. D. Strout, Seldon Wentworth, S. H.
Beal, E. M. Fowler, B. M. Mitchell, Frank Strout, T.
B. Tupper, T. P. Abel, A. B. Townsend, and C. L.
Haskell. The last two are still ofliciating, and their
societies enjoying prosperity. Recently the Calais so-
ciety has purchased a lot for a new church, and intend
soon to build.
During this lapse of time, both societies have had
ups and downs. In prosperity each has had its own
pastor ; but in seasons of depression, one minister has
served both. The South Calais Society has become ex-
tinct ; but Methodism has as strong a foot hold and as
fair a prospect, at present in Calais as it ever had ; and
by judicious management, it may long have more com-
municants than any other denomination.
ANGLICAN CHURCHES.
/D
XII.
ANGLICAN CHURCHES.
1st. Christ's church, — st. Stephen.
Early impressions are lasting. People seldom for-
get the religious instruction of their childhood. Espe-
cially is this true of persons brought up in an Episcopal
Church. Its sweet, solemn music, its devout prayers in
which all unite, its well read Bible lessons, its reverent
kneeling and bowing, its white robed priest and holy
sacraments, all sweep the chiords in a child's soul, to
harmonies that no after life can wholly hush.
Many of the early settlers of St. Stephen had been
reared in the bosom of the English Church ;and it is not
strange that amid the savage wilds and dreary hard-
ships of a strange land, they should at times long for the
soothing, cheering ministrations of their old, home sanc-
tuaries. Accordingly in 1806, they sent a petition with
many signatures, to the Bishop of Fredericton, asking
for a minister of their own faith. Their request was
granted ; and in a few months, Rev. Richard Clarke
came to St. Stephen and inaugurated ''Christ's Church."
The services, for several years were conducted in a
small building on King St., and were ever pleasant and
profitable. Mr. Clarke was a gentlemanly and peace-
able Pastor, not very eloquent in the pulpit, but highly
76
an(;lican cmuniKs.
estoemod for \m pure life and hlniiKilcss conduct. In
his care the (Jhur{!li slowly hut stojidily and healthfully
itKU'cascd in numbers and i)i(!ty. After preaching about
a dozen years, he moved to Fredericton. But his son
still residing in St. Stephen, he subsequently returned,
and in a good old age passed on to the '4ong home."
The next Pastor, Rev. (r. S. Thompson, I). I)., set-
tled in St. Stephen in 1821. He was a large, fine look-
ing, energetic and eloquent man and devout C'hristiau.
Diu'ing his long and successful ministry, a lai'ge and
elegant church was erected on Prince William St., and
the parish became one of the largest and best in New
Brunswick. lie also secured the erection of a church
edifice in Milltown, N. B., in which, for several 3'ears,
he conducted religious service on Sunday afternoons.
This house, having remained "at case" for several years,
was recently burned. lie was also shrewd and judi-
cious in looking up and securing profitable glebes for the
support of his Church. Highly respected by all the
citizens in his parish, Dr. Thompson was greatly belov-
ed and revered by the members of his church. Having
well })erformed the (hities of pastor, for forty years, he
passed on to his levvard, full of years and honor. Mar.
30, 1867.
On his decease, Rev. E. S. ISIedley, who alread}'^
had served a year or two as colleague, became pastor.
Mr. Medley was a son of the Bishop of Fredericton, and
a young man of good education, fair talents and fine
promise. For a little time, all were well satisfied ; but
the young pastor was a High-Churchman, and this, his
people would not tolerate. An unpleasant state of
atlairs ensued, and in 1871, he resigned ainl went to
England, where he is said to be highly respected. The
t.
1
a
s
c
s
AN(ili<;an curuc iiks.
77
present incuinbout is Rev. Joseph Uushtoii, a yoiin^
man of j^ood e(liieati(m and juMress, vvlio is fast win-
ning the hearts of all his people.
In 1M61, the elegant ehureh on Prinee Williarii St.
was set on (ire by a erazv ineendiarv named Price and
entirely consumed. The present edifice wa» begun in
18C3, and finished and eonsecratc^l the next year. The
parish expenses are mainly defrayed by the iueonie of
its glebes, and its permanency is thus assured.
2nd. ST. annk's church, — Calais.
A genuine Episcopalian never feels at home ii) any
church except one of his own faith and form of worship.
For many years the families in Calais which belonged
to that denomination, attended service \v Christ's
Churjch, St. Stephen. But when those families had be-
come somewhat numerous, and Calais had gr<»wn to a
large and thriving village, it was deemed better to have
a religious home on the American side of the river,
wherein the children could be baptized and brought up,
the sons and daughters married, and the devout com-
mune witli the Infinite.
This condition of affairs having been made known
to some of the Bishops of New England, in 1850, Rev.
Geo. W. Durell, now of Somerville, Mass., was sent to
Calais as a missionary. After a careful canvass of the
possibilities and probabilities of the localit}-, Morton's
Hall was hired and fitted up as a place of worship ; and
Nov. 24, 1850, for the first time in this city. Divine
service was celebrated in accordance with the form pre-
scribed in the book of Common Prayer. The next Sun-
day, Decl, a Sunday-school was organized, having eleven
scholars, and the Church began its work. From this
78 ANdlJCAN <IIi:U('IIKS«
small ho;;infiiM<j;, tliuro vv.'is n slow luit conHtrint <^rovvtli,
niitii Sept. U), 18')i, when a parish was Icitally orjijan-
i/('<l, and iiaiiiwl ' St. Aiiuo's (Jhiirch", of which, Nov.
20, Itcv. (i. W. Duroll was choscMi Ki'ctor.
A inoro convenient place of worship was tiio
next tiling needed. The nijitter was talked over, a plan
of operations was aujreed upon, and the work of buihlinji;
a church coninicnced. The Corner Stone was laid June
10, IHoJi, and the building finished tlu^ followinu; year.
This happy result was larjj;ely due to the indefatigable
energy and perseverance of the Rector.
In August, 18G1, Mr. Durell resigned, and in
18(12, Rev. Daniel F. Smith was sent to take charge of
the parish. He remained till the Spring of 18G4, when
he resigned and moved to New Hampshire. Mar. 7,
1805, Rev. Kdwin W. Murray was elected Rector, and
he still retains the oflice. lie is a native of Virginia,
and a graduate of the Theological Seminar}' of Virginia.
Hut he has resided in Maine for nearlv thirtv years, and
acquired the noble reputation of being a schoia:*, gen-
tleinan and christaiti.
St. Anne's parish has a good church centrally and
pleasantly located, an excellent organ and bell, and no
debts. There are in the parish, about 70 families, 60
communicants in the church, and 8 teachers with over
100 scholars in the Sunday-school. As a whole, it bids
fair to live, prosper, and long remain a religious bless-
ing to community'. The present otiicers are James
Perkins and James Nichols, Wardens ; John Gillis and
Garrison Crowell, Vestry-men; Cornelius Ellis, Collect-
or and Treasurer.
3rd. TRINITY CHURCH, — st. Stephen.
As the result of a distaste of the High Church no-
ANOMOAN cnUUClIKM.
79
tioiis of Rev. K. S. Modloy, Rector of rinlst'H Cluucli,
iiud porliups for soino other roiisoiis, in April, IH7(),
Rol)l. Watson sind fifty-one others petitioned the Le;^-
ishitnro of New Brunswick, for a division of the parish
of St. Stephen. In a few days tiie petition was •grant-
ed, and a new parish was or<j;anized in Marks' Hall.
Hut the Rector and the Bish()[) of the diocese were de-
cidedly opposed to this movement, and a loni^and sharp
correspondence ensued hi^tween the new parish throu<^h
its able Secretary, W. T. Rose, and John, Bishoi) of
Fredericton an<l his son, Rev. E. S. Medley. Hut in
spite of the strenuous op[)osition, the new parish erect-
ed for its use, at an ex[)ense of about $()()()(), a pleasant
and substantial meeting-house. It was finished in June,
l«71,and consecrated by the name of Trinity Church,
Nov. 5, 1872. The present worthy and faithful Pastor,
Rev. Foster H. Almon, began his ministry in the new
parish, in July, 1871. His congregation numbers over
two hundred, and embraces a majoritv of the leading
Episcopalians in St. Stephen. Though still young.
Trinity Church is strong in zeal and wealth, and there
seems to be no doubt that it will have a long and high
career of usefulness. Its officers are N. Marks and
Geo. Maxwell, Wardens ; R. Watson, Henry Graham,
J. II. Rose, W. T. Rose and Thos. Gregory, Vestry-men ;
Henry Webber, Clerk.
80
THK BAR.
1st.
XIII.
THE BAR.
CALAIS LAWYERS.
Amid the often conflicting claims and interests in-
cident to a new settlement, legal advice and assistance
are frequently needed ; yet until 1810, no accredited
lawyer had located in Calais. Till then, each citizen so
far as he was able, had done that which seemed best for
himself; and of course, pecuniar}' affairs of all kinds
were h. dh entangled and confused. In many a case of
conflicting claims, not one nor all of the citizens could
decide exactly what was just and right. In such enier-
jp^encies, an honest, well read lawyer was greatly need-
ed ; and as usual, the want brought the supply. One
came, then another and anothe**, until no Ic.-ss than
thirtj'-scven attorneys have matle Calais their home.
Some of them remained but a short time, while 'others
here spent their long and useful lives. Some perhaps
have be 3n only pettifoggers, while others have proved
then elves ieMinied, talented and faithful. In the fol-
lowing sketches of their lives anil ch^vracters, the design
is to state all the good qualitit's of which traditic.n has
.^ireserved the remembrance. Foi* many of the facts
and dates I "in indebU d to IJon. Joseph Granger, at
prCHtjnt the senior member of the iJar.
TllK UAU.
.Si
The first lawyer was lion. Oooi<i;o Dovvncs, a na-
tive of Walpole.Mass. and a son of Shubael Downos oni*
of the original proprietors of Toivnship, No. T). At an
earl}' age he entered Harvard College, and soon attain-
ed a high rank among its students. After graduating
he rend law with Judge Saauiel Hoar, and in IfSlG, eaine
to Calais and coinnienccd the practice of his profession.
There was much to do and he was able and willing to
do it well. For fifty years he conti ruled to lie one ol'
the most active, intiuential and worthy citizens of the
town. He was a good neighbor, a genial companion.
a popular citizen, an aide lawyer, a ripe scholar, a de-
voted member and Deacon of the Congregational ist
Church, and an honest man. In business he was suc-
cessful ; living well and leaving a handsome [)roperty to
his heirs. For a time he served as a State Senator ;
and for a third of a century, as president of the Calais
Hank ; and during all his long and ha[>[)y life, he ever
stood among the tirst, in every good woitl and work.
He died in peace in 1861), greatly lamented by all wlu^
knevN him.
The next lawyer was Hon. Anson G. Chandler, the
.son of Hon. .John Chandkr of Monmouth, Me., at one
time a Senator in the U. S. Congi'f^ss. A graduate of
Bovvdoin College and a [)roficient in law, he came to
Calais in 1822, and o{)ene(,l an office. His ai)ility and
energy soon won the confidence of the public ; and his
reputation steadily increased until he was ai)poiuted one.
of the Judges of the District Court for the Eastern
District of Maine. He performed the duties of this
office with credit to himself and honor to the Bench,
until the expiration of his term, when he was appointed
Collector of Customs fur the Passamacjuoddy District ;
■
H'2
Tin-: liAii.
l>«it ti)c nppointmont not being confirmed by the U. S,
Ser)!ite, he was soon after sent to tiie Sandwich islands,
as American Consnl. He remaine<I tliere four years,
returned home with iuipaired health ;ind died about
IH()(). He had a richly stored mind and a versatile gen-
ius ; and the people of Calais will ev(M' remember him
as one of their greatest and most hoHore<] townsmen.
Otis L. B'idges, Esq., came next. He was a na-
tive of Charlotte, JMe. a graduate of liowdoin College,
an enterprising man, an excellent citizen, a Ruccessful
counsellor, and in 1842-.'i, Attorney fleneral of Maine.
Although doing well and enjoying life iiere, the golden
j)rospects and promises of California at length drew him
thither. He continued the practice of law in his n^nv
home, still prospering, till about 1870, wl. mi he peace-
fully departed to his last and long home.
The fourth lawyer was James S. Cooper, Esq.,
a native of Machias, Me. He read law with Hon. Geo.
Downes, and opened an oflice immediately after being
admitted to the Bar. He was a worthy citizen and an
able, trustworthy attorney. Alter many successful
years of business, he re. noved to Amherst, Mass., to
give his children a bett'T opportunity for education;
where not long since he went up higher.
Then came James P. Vance, P^sq., a son of the
late well known William Vance formerly a resident of
Baring and a large land proprietor. He read law with
Stephen Longfellow, Es(j., of Portland, and then came
to Calais, whtre he soon obtained a respectable position
and a fair share of business for a young man. But he
disliked his profession, became an enemy to himself,
and movi'tl to Elgii . Illinois. A new and better career
now began. He repented of his sins, renounoi-d his
THE RAH.
83
the
t of
with
3ame
Uv-er
1 *
bad habits, forsook tlie Bar and entered the Pulpit as a
preaeher of the Methodist Church. Here he found iiis
true vocation ; and at the present tiuie, at the ripe age
of 74, he is still dispensinii; the Gospel of John Wesley,
and doing a large amount of good.
Ja(;ol) (^. ivettelle, Esq., was horn in Limerick,
Me. lie graduated at Wattrville now Colhy, College,
read lav; with Moses En. rv, Esq., of Saco, and after-
wards with O. L. Bridges, Esq., of this city, and then
opened an ofHce in Milltown ; hut he did not remain
long in town. Although doing a fair amount of busi-
ness, he became dissatisfied with ••down east,' and mov-
ed to Boston, where he practiced law until his decease
in 18G8. He was a man of sterlinii: intei::ritv and re-
spectable ainlity ; and he has left behind him the frn-
grance of a good name.
Samuel II. Blake, Esq., was a Calais lawyer for
a brief period. In 1830 he sold his ollice and business
to Hon. Jose[)h Granger, and moved to B.'.;ngor, where
he still resides, a wealthy and influential citizen an<l
attorney.
Geo. M. Chase, Esq., was born in Bradford. \'t.
in 1806. He studied law lirst with Judge Fletcher of
Lynden, Vt. and then with Judge Thayer of Camden,
Me. In 1830, he opened a law office at Milltown ; and
by good sense, assiduity and perseverance, soon secur-
ed a profitable business In 1848, with the general
down river drift of men and things, he moved to Calais.
He was doing well, but desiring to do better, in 18r)3
he went as American Consul to the Sandwich Islands,
where, two years after, in tiie village of Lahaiua, he
died. He is remembered as a bright, busy, chcrful
citizen.
84
TIIK llXll.
I.
Tlio niutli lawyer that sottled in Calais was IIou,
Joseph (lr:m<i:er ; at jnesent the senior member of the
Bar in both this city and Washinj^ton County. He was
born in Xewburyj)ort, Mass. about the beginning of
the present century. In earl^' manhood he enjjnijetl
and witli success in mercantile and connnercial busi-
ness ; but on the occurrence of adverse circumstances,
he abandoned these employments and read law with
Moses Emery, Esq., of Soco. In ls;U) he came to this
city, opened a law oflice and be<:;anhis life work, (iiv-
in*:: himself wholly to his profession, and carrying? into
it a ({uiclv i)erception, a clear head and a warm henrt,
he has been eminently successful. Though on the
shady side of three score and ten, "• his eye is not dim,
nor his natund force abated." He is still uttending to
a large amount of legal business, and is a Nestor among
his younger brethren, and a highly respected member
of society.
iNIanly li. Towsend, Esq. was a native of Sidney.
Me., a graduate of AV^aterville College, and a man of
fine feelings and fair talents. He read law with O. L.
Bridges, Es(j[., was admitted to the Barandl)egan jirac-
tice. But having inarrieil a wealthv ladv, the daughter
of tiie late A))ner Sawyer, and disliking the dry routine
of legal affairs, he abandoned his profession, moved i^
Alexander, Me., and engaged in agriculture. He died
in 1«S;j4. His son, Rev. Abner Townsend is an honor
to the Methodist Church, and an elocjuent preacher of
its doctrine.
Hon. T. J. D. Fullei- came to Cahiis from Ver-
niont, in 18;J4, and settled in jNIilltown, as a law part-
ner of (1. H. Chase, Es(i. He was a genial, kind-heart-
ed, honest man : and heuce soon won [jopularity. As
tirt-
Till-: HAK. Hf)
u result, in l^^.S he was eleetetl Ropivsontativo to Con-
gress, where he served liis constituents and the country
for eijijlit years. Soon after leavinj^ C(»n<!;ress, he >vas
appointed second Auditor in the Treasury (U'partiuent.
which otHce lie retained until after the inauiiuration of
President Lincoln. Since then he has resided in Wash-
ington, 1). C. and practiced law. Although he did not
realize the great evil of slavery nor clearly see the dutN
of all good men to oi)pose it, yet he will longbe reniem-
hered as one of the able and excellent citizens of Calais.
Albert l*ills]>ury, Esq., a native of Easti)ort,
studied law in Belfast, Me., and then came to Calais to
engage in his profession. Soon after, however, he was
appointed Clerk of the Courts in Washington county,
and of course moved to Machias ; and for st'vera! years
performed the duties of that ollice to the euHre satislac-
tion of all interested. Subsetpiently he was appoii:ted
American Consul for Halifax, X.S. where he died : — an
honest, faithful, worthy man.
Otis Patterson, Ksi|., came from Waldo coun-
ty and settled in Calais about 1<S.'{2. and opened a law
ottlce. He ilied four years afterwtu'd ; but his brief ca-
reer proved him a man of fair ability and sterling integ-
rity. His widow, whose maiden name was (ialvin.
married Rev. Wm. A. Whitwell, the first pastor of the
Unitarian church of Calais.
Hon. liion Uriidbuiv, a native of Saco, gradu-
ated at Howdoin, read law with Wm. P. I*rebleof Port-
land and then settled in Calais. Not long after he was
Mi)pointed Collector of Customs for the PassanuKpioddy
District, and then itnioved to Eastporl. At the exj/i-
ration of his term, he s.-ttled in Porthmd, where he still
resides, ''a model lawyer" and a woithy citizen.
8C
Tin: HAK.
Jorcinijili Bradlmrv, P^s(|., the f'jithcr (jf'Iiion. sot-
tied in C'uhjis in 1.S40 and practiced law till iiis defease
in 1850. He is renienil»ered as a sa<ia('i<nis and faithful
attoiMUiy.
Nelieniiah Abbot, Es(|., was for a time the law
partner of (). L. Uridines, Escp, of this eity. Desiring
a larger field for enterprise, he moved to Belfast, Me.
where he still lives and enjo3's a high re[)utation as a
hiwver and citizen.
N. II. Hubbard, Esq. eame here from South Ber-
wick, and for a year was the law partner of Hon. Jo-
seph (Jranger. He then went to Winterport, where he
still resides. He is extensively known on the Penobscot
both as lawyer and politician.
Hon. F. A. Pike, a native of this city, received his
education at Bowdoin, read law with Hon. Joseph
(iranger, and was admitted to the Bar in 1842. In a
brief period he won a large Jind enthusiastic circle of
friends and patrons. In 1852 he was chosen Mayor of
Calais. Shortly after he was elected a representative
to the State Legislature ; and at a subse<iuent session
was chosen Speaker of the House. After that, for
eight years he served as Rei)resentative in Congress. In
ever}' otHce, he gate honor to J^astern Maine, and en-
tire satisfaction to his constituents. He is still highly
esteemed as a sound lawyer and an enterprising citizen.
Geo. Walker, Esq., a nephew of Rev. Dr. Walker
formerly President of Harvard University, was for a
time the law partner of Jeremiah Bradbur}' in this city.
Later he moved to Machias, where he yet stands among
the foremost citizens and attorneys of the place.
Charles R. Whidden, Esq., a native of Calais,
gi'aduated at Waterville College, studied law at the
Tin: HAH.
of
tivo
^sion
for
In
en-
hiy
izen.
ilker
3r a
I
lais,
the
Ilarvnrd Law Sdiool, and opened an olliee in tills eity
in IH;")!. Three venrs after he was ehosen County At-
torney ; and he retained this position thirteen years. In
1H<;« and again in I'SOJJ, he was eleeted Hcpresentative
to the Maine Legislature. In 1M70 he was a[)pointed
Colleetor of'rustonis for the Passania(|Uoddy District.
Thus for nearly twenty years he was eonstantly eini)loy-
ed in ottlces of honor and trust. No better proof can
be afl'orded of pulilie apin'eeiation. At the exi)iration
of his four years term as Colleetor, he again began work
as a lawyer, in his native town, and is busy as eyer.
Geo. W. Dyer. Es(j., is a son of the late Jones
Dyer of this eity. He read law with lion. Joseph
Granger, and for three years was his law partner. For
a time he served as Gov. Col)urn's priyate seeretaiy.
In lHGl-2 he was a Representative in the Maine Legis-
lature. In 1802, having been appointed a Paymaster
in the arm}', he rem<jve<l to Washington I). C. where he
now resides and practices his profession. lie is re-
membered here as an active, companionable man w ith
a great memory full of valuable information.
Charles E. Pike, a brother of Hon. F. A. Pike,
also read law with Hon. Joseph Granger. But soon
after being admitted to the Bar, he moved to Machias
and a while after to Boston, where he is still engaged
in his jn'ofession.
Daniel Tyler, Esq., came from Vermont and open-
ed an oflice in JSIilltown in 1847. He remained eijjht oi"
ten 3'ears, and then went to Oskosh, Wis. where for a
time he claimed to be doing a ver}' large business. He
is now employed as a Clerk in one of the Departments
at Washington, and is reported as doing well.
E. B. Harve}', Esq, was born in Barnet, Vt., in
•!
Ml
88
TlIK HAI{.
lH2t\^ iliul cdueutod in Cjilcdonia Scniinarv in PcMclmni.
From the 14tli to the 22ii(l year of his u^^e, chronic
illnoHs prevented him IVom studying or enga<>in<>- in any
active ))nrsuit. On recovering his heaitli lie entered the
ofMce of(i()v. John Mattock, and read hiw with him for
two years. lie tiien went to Pennsylvania and read
hivv a vear and a half more in the otlice of Blanchard
and Cnrtin in liellefont. HlanchaKi was then a mem-
ber of Congress, and Cnrtin afterward became (iovern-
or of the State. After being enrolled as a lawyer, he
came East and was admitted to the liar in Machias in
1848. Six months after he came to Milltown, and foi-
fouryeais was the law i)artn(^r of Hon. T. J. 1). FuUer.
In 18(»() he moved to Calais; and two vears after he
was chosen Countv Attornev, which olHce he still re-
tains. In politics he began as a Whig, from which he
naturally drifted into the Republican ranks, lie is a
vvorthv member of societv and a friend to "verv jiood
cause.
Silas P. Briggs, Esq., a smart lawyer, came here
from Saratoga, N. Y. ; remained a few 3'ears and then
returned to his former home, where he is now liviiig.
Uobert X. Smith, Esq., was a son of the late lion.
Noah Smith of this city. He was an erratic genius,
and an eccentric adventurer. His whole nature was
averse to the patient, persevering toil of lawyer life.
Hence he left town, and after much travel both in this
country and Europe, and many a strange adventure, he
came to an untimelv end, by a railway accident near
Springfield, 111. in I860.
(ieo. B. Burns, Esq., was a son of New Hampshire.
After teaching foi" a time in a Senlnarv in Charleston,
S. C. and studying law in Boston, he came to Calais in
THK UAU.
89
1851 . llo was assiduous in husincss, true to liis tVicinls.
imvioldiny: in his (.'onvirtions and laitlifiil to his clit'iits.
Ik'did a iar<i:(' aiiioimt of husiiu'ss, aniasscd (juite u Ibr-
tiine, and died in 1871, from over work and ('X[)osuri'.
and not of old a<:o.
Hon. (Jco. E. Dowiu'sisa son of tlie lato lion.
Goo. Downes of this city. He hi'j^an the pnietiet' of
hiw in Cherrvlieid. but after a time returned home. For
several years lie has held the resj)onsjl»le olliee of Mii-
nieii)al Judge, and dis('har«^ed its duties to the entire
satisfaction of the public. He is esteemed as a sound
le<5al adviser, and a j^enial, kind-hearted, obli<^in«i- and
honest citizen.
(r. F. (iran<i;er. Esq., a son of Hon. Joseph (Iran-
jjjer, read law with his father, and l)e<j;an })racti('e in 18.'>1>.
On the breaking out of the Rebellion, he entered the
arm}' as Cai)tain of volunteers. Subsecpiently he was
elected Colonel, and afterwards promoted to the rank of
Brevet Bri<>a<lier (Jeneral, as a reward for merit. At
the return of i)eace he again entered his father's oflice as
a law partner, where he is still busily and successtully
employed.
• C B. Hounds, Es(i.. is a native of Auburn, Me.
and a graduate of Bowdoin College. He read law with
A. M. Pulsifer, Esq. of Auburn, an<l in IHliO became a
law partner with Hon. Joseph (i ranger. The next
year he opened an otlice in his own name, and has ever
since been rising in re[)utation as a well read and tal-
ented attorney. .For a time he served as Superintend-
ing School Conmiittee ; and the existing, excellent sys-
tem of gi'aded schools in thii^ cit}' is largely the fruit of
his judicious labors.
Geo. A. Curran, Esq., is a native of Calais. Losing
110
TFCK I5AK.
liis I'Mtlicr when (|iiit(' y<>mi<i", mid the faiiiilv liciii^ left
in Htrnltcncd circunistMiiccs, lie wns thrown npon his
own rcsoinvcH ; and he is thi'iclorc csscnti.Mliy ;i scll-
niiuh' niiin. After c*lerkin«j; :i wiiile in ji IxMtk store, he
read law with ('. H. Whidden, Ks<i.. and was a(hiiitte<l
totiielJar. lie is (piick to perceive and undiTstand,
and tinent in speeeh and writing, lie lias a lair share
ofleifal bnsiness, and for several years has been a re*:;-
idar eontribntor t(; the Calais and St. Stephen papers.
He is esteemed as a worthy and <i,rowin<i" man.
M. N. M(d<nsiek. Ks(i., is a nativcM)!' liarinjj^. Me.
lie was edneated in the IMilltown, N. I»., Academy, and
hegaii his life work as a school teacher. In IXCd lie en-
listed in the (Ith Battery of Maine Lij^ht Artilleiy. He
was soon after api)()inted Orderly Serj^eant, and then
elected 1st Lieutenant. He had connnand of the liat-
ti'ry in the wilderness, and was severely wonnded at
Cold Harbor. On recovering" from his wonnd, he was
l)laced on the staff of Col. Mc(Jilverv, and afterwards
ai)p(>lnted Post Adjutant at l*itisbnr_i»'. when* he was
honorably dischar<>\'d in liSOI. Hetnrninii; home, he
aji^ain took the fernle, served as Selectman <>f liarin*!;,
and studied law. In IHCl) he was admitted to the Bar,
and tlie next year became a law i)artner with C. B.
Rounds, Escj., where he still remains, an enei<2;etic, go-
aliead man.
J. (J. Beckett, Esq., camo fr<>m Scotland. For
several years he carried on a successful business as a
(Confectioner, and accpiired considerable ])roperty. In
1870 he attended the Harvard Law School, and the
next year, gained admission to the Bar. But thus far,
sickness and a multitude of cares, have ])revented him
THE UAU.
IM
at
B.
H
In
the
far,
liim
iVoiii atti'iKliiiu' vciT clost'Iv to tin- diitii's of liis proft's-
sion.
A. \{. Wlii'ldcn, K.s(|.. a son of C. K. Wliiddcn, Ks«|.,
of this city. i«'ad law witli lils fatluT and wasadniittt'dto
[(lacticc. lliit soon aftrr. he took a severe cold tliat in-
duced brain fever, from tlu> residts of which, unliappily,
lie has not vet recovei'cd.
Archiliald McNichol. Ks(j,, n native of Charlotte
County, N. 1».. rea<l law with (leo. I>. Hums, Kscj., and
afterwards with Hon. .1. A. Lowell of Machias, with
ulioni for a tiine he was a partner. In IXJJT lu' moved
to Kastport and entcM'ed into |»artnershi[) with Samuel
1). J^eavitt, Ks(j. In IMJ.') he came to Calais and op-
ened theollice tormerly occu))ied hy (i. H. liurns, Ksip,
where he is doing a lar<i;e business and steadily winnin*^'
l)opular favor.
L. (i. Downes. Kscj., a son of the late Hon. (leo.
Downes, is a giaduate of Bowdoin Colleue, and an able
lawyer. I'ntil recently he has reside*) in Machias. In
1<S71 he was a membei" of (lov. Dingh'v's C<juncil ; and
there is no doubt that he will long remain a promiiient
man in Washington County.
F. W^. KuowlUjii, Es(p, is a n;itive of Ilamplen,
Me.,an<la graduateof TuftsCollege. He was admittt; 1 to
the Bar in April 1874, and enjoys tiie reputation of
being an honest, intelligent and [)romising 3'oung man.
It will be seen by this list that the members of the
Calais Bar have been ''neither few nor small," and that
every one who faithfully attended to business, reaped
prosperity.
2nd. LAWYERS, — ST. STKPIIEN.
St. Stephen has had fewer members ofthe Bar than
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Calais, hut tlio avorajje aliility has not l)C'(»n inferior.
St. Andrews Ix'inii; tlio shiro town of Charlotte Conntv,
and for many years a larger villaj^e than St. Sto[)hen,
the lawyers have preferred to reside there. Much of
the up-river lei^al business has been done there ; yet
St. Stephen hns for many years numbered among her
citizens, Barristers of high rank.
B}' the English Con it arrangement there are three
grades of lawyers. Young men that pass a satisfactory
examination, are admitted as Attorneys. After two
years, if their attainments and ability warrant the pro-
cedure, ihey are advanced to the rank of Barristers.
Still later, those of sterling talents are promoted to the
grade of (Queen's Counsellors. By f.his wise arrange-
ment a lawyer's title indic.ites his legal attainment and
standing. A knowledge of this fact is essential to a
right estimate of the English Bar.
The tlrst law^'ers in St. Stephen were Robert Mow-
att, and l*eter Stubbs. They came ivt an early day from
St. Andrews, did a large amount of business, ami were
accounted worthy men. Mr. Mowatt married a tlaugh-
ter of Robert Watson, Si. lioth of them long since
went to that "bourne whence no traveller returns."
Geo. S. Hill, EH(j.,a son of Abner Hill of Milltown,
N. B., after receiving a classical educotion in Dartmouth
College, N. II., read law with Judge Chipman of St.
John, and was admitted an Attorney in 1<S21, and a
Barrister in IS.'iO. He opened a law otlice in St. Steph-
en, and immediately gained a large number of clients.
But the peoi)le perceiving him to be a man of extensive
information, wide scope of vision, and sound judgment,
soon sent him to the Provincial Parliament; where as
Legislator or Councillor, he faithfully served his con-
Tin: 15AH.
W.)
"!)ll-
stitiuMits ami comiliy for twenty-live years. lie died
in 1802, beloved und JKjnored by all who had niaile his
uc(iuaintanee.
Alexander Caini»i)ell, Ksij., a native of St. Amlrews
and a son of Colin Campbell foiinerly High Sheriff of
Charlotte Coniit\ . read law in St. John, becanie an At-
torney, and in lo.'J2 settled in St. Stephen. Two years
after he rose to <'. ; rank ol" Barrister, and soon proved
himself a sound, able and reliable lawyer. IJnt like
many others he was svve[)t away by the California gold
fever, and is now a prominent lawyer in San Kraneiseo.
Stephenll. llitchings, Es'|.,a nativeof St. Stei)hen
and a son of Robert Ilitehings, read law with (ieo.S. Hill,
Kscj., and on beeon)ing an attoriu^y in 18J35, opened an
ofHce in Milltown, and in 1«.'}7 atlain'Ml the grade ol"
Barrister. lie has been very sneeesslid in bnsiness.
He is now the senior member of the Bar in St. Ste[»hen.
and widi'ly known iis ajn<licioiiseonnsellor and valuable
eitizen.
'1 homas B. Abb(»tt, Emj., came from the States, read
law with CJeo. S.ili!!. V'sq., was admitted as an Attorney
in 1JS;}7, and Barrister in 1839. He was well versed in
law, and n man of kind leelings and genllenuudy ad-
dress. After some twent3' years practice, he "slept with
his fathers."
George J.Thompson, Ksc^., a son of the late Rev. Dr.
Thompson, Rector of Christ's Church, St. Stei)hen, was
educated imder the tuition of his father, and read law in
tile oltice of Geo. F. Street, Esq., St. John, afterwards
Judge of the Sui)reme Court of New Brunswick. Hav-
ing obtained a tlunough knowledge of law, he was ad-
mitted as an Attorney in 1837, a Barrister in 183S), and
sid)sequently a C^ueen'b Counsellor. The people of St.
!)(
t:ii: bar.
Stophcn soon booomo awjiro tli;it in ovorv ro-ipoct ho
wMs ;i first ('Ifiss liiwyor, hikI entrusted to his earo a
l.'irjre ninount of leLr.'il hnsiness ; itnt he too has pjone
where ''the wieked cease from trouhlinLi; and the ■weary
are at rest."
lion. J. G.Stevens wns horn in Edinhnrg. Seothind,
and ediieated in th(? University of tiiat city, and partly
under tin? tuition of thos(» worhl lenowned men.*^ir Will-
iam Hamilton and ('hristopher North, then I'rofessors
in that Institution. His fnther, Andrew Stevens (M)joy-
ed the freedom of Kdinl)ur<»;, and was a Solicitor of the
Supreme Court of Scotland, His mother, a daughter
of Sir Colin Caniphell, was a ladyof refmed culture and
literary taste. She occasionally wrote articles for t!ie
periodicals of the da}', and was the author of several
interesting volumes, among which were "'Llewellyn,'*
and ''Fanny Fairfield."
INIr. Stevens came to this country with his brother.
Rev. Andri'W Stevens, in 1840, and made St. Stephen
his home, lie studied law with Alexander Campbell,
Es(j,, a distant relative, and I). S. Kerr, Ks(|., now of
St. John, and became an Attorney in 1845, a Barrister
in 1<S47, and a. Queen's Counsel, and Judge of the
County Courts in 1«()7. He was a member of the Pro-
vincial Parliament from l.'^dl to 18()7, except during
the year when the Anti-Confederatit)nists were ii> pow-
er. His appointment to the Hench was solely for mer-
it. As a Judge he commands the respect of the Bar
and the uiHjualified Csjmmendation of the people. He is
the anthor of the able "Digest of Law Reports in the
Courts of New Brunswick," recently published, and is
still busy with his careful pen. A great reader, a deep
TlIK U.Wl.
95
tliink'or. !i hrinl worker and n coiiitooiis jr.M.Moinan, lie
»)i(l.s fair to livo many years and to do iiiufli «r,„Ml.
(icor<r(" S. Oriintncr, Ks(,., u son of John firiniinor
of St. Stcplu-n. is a man of whom the parish has every
reason to be prond. He rea<l huv with J. W. Chandler,
Esq., of St. Andrews, gained the position of Attorney
ill 1«17, Barrister in IS-i!). anrj snbsecpiently Clerk «">f
the Peaee, and Clerk of tUo Charlotte Co,inty Conrt.
He is also a Queen's Cownsellor, and in IHCl was in the
Provineial Parliament. He isstill aetivelv and sneeess-
fully engaged in the dnti<>s of his odiee and i»rofession.
Lewis A. Mills. Esq., heeame an Attorney in l-SO;}
and a Barrister in isd/i. lU, [^ .veil n.id in law, an.l a
?nan of considerable ability.
J. a. Stevens, Jr., B. A., a son of Judge Stevens,
received his etiucation in the University of Xeu- Jin.ns-
wick, and attained the station of Att()rne\- in ISGI* and
arnster in l«7l.
dames Mitchell, M. A., is a graduate of the same
eollege, and became Attorney and B.rrister at the same
time as Mr. Stevens. These two yoi.ng men are i,i
partnership, and are doinj^ ., fai,- business and giving
l)romise of becoming able lawyers.
M. Macmonagle, Esq., came from King's Connty,
is doing considerable business, gives goo<l satisfaction!
and is evidently a rising man. He was admitted At-
torney in 1871 and Barrister in 187.'3.
(
Of;
F. * A. MASONS.
XI\.
F. & A. MASONS.
It is coiuumUmI by ivH wlio have t'xaiiiiiKMl tlic snl>-
ject, thiit Musonry is not only uneient tin<l honoiuble,
but also an institution friendly to the best interests of
humanity. Ignoring sects and parties it trices to gath-
er all worthy men into one democratic fold, and there
teach them to walk and work together in l)rotherlv love.
Tiie Lodge room is a common home, where all stai]d
upon the same high level, and are equally exhorted and
bound to respect, trust antl assist each other. Bad men
may and sometimes do. join the Fraternity, as unworthy
people are sometimes admitted into churches; but ihe
intention is to admit only the honest ; and the inliuence
of a well regulated J^odge is for good and good only.
Masonry has long been a world-wide fraternit}- ;
an<l hence among the early settlers of Calais and St.
Ste|)hen, there were a fcnv brethren of the mystic-tie.
Though coming from far apart homes, these brethren
soon recognized their masonic relationship, and felt a
common desire to have some secluded retreat, where
they could meet on the level and part on the square.
Such meetings, they were convinced, would mitigate the
dreariness and weariness of their isolateil, back-woods
residence. Accordingly, after going through the need-
ful formalities, the masons began their work.
F. & A. MASONS.
OHIMIAN FKIKNDS LODGE, ST. STKIMIKN,
i)7
I' nee
ity ;
St.
•tie.
lien
t a
lere
line.
the
)ods
eed-
wjis instituted Oct. 2(')lh, 1«()'.), by virtue of ;i warnmt
issueil to Samuel Dailinu', Kl)enezer I{u<j;l)ee, an«rriiti(l-
deus Ames, hy Sir Jolni Wentwoilli, Baronet, of Hali-
fax, D. G. Master of the I'rovineial (Irand I^odj^e ol'
Nova Scotia. Anion*^ the prominent memi)ers of tins
Lodge were William Todd, Sr., .laeoh Young, Shuhael
Downcs, .Joseph Whitney, John Cottiell, Daniel Whit-
ney, Jonathan Rogers, Samuel Stuart and others:
and managed l»y such men, the institution, for a time,
enjoyed great prosperity. But by the death or removal
of many of its most active and reliable members, the
Lodge at last became so reduced that about 1JS22. it
resigned its charter an 1 ceased to exist.
SUSSKX LODGE, NO. 327. ST. STEPHEN,
was instituted Mar. 17, 164G, under a warrant from the
Grand Lodge of Ireland, issued l)v Augustus Frederic,
Duke of Leimster, and granted to Dugald Blair, M. D.,
Thomas W. Rogers, and James Frink. This Lodge,
although, with ail other lodges of the Province, in IMdH
it gave up its Irish warrant and received a charter
from the Grand Lodge of New Brunswick, has retained
its name and continued its work without interrrui)tion
to the i)resenttime : and it is now in healthy and vigorous
condition. Its ollicers are Samuel Weelock, M ; An-
dre-,", McFarlane, S. W. ; K. G. Vroom, J. W.
There have been two Royal Arch Chai)ters in St.
Stephen. The first received its warrant from the
Grand Chapter of Ireland ; f)ut like Sussex Lodge, it
surrendered its Irish warrant, and in 1868 received a
charter from the Grand Chapter of Scotland, by which
'■•>< V. A A. MASONS.
it nM'oivos its iimiiic mikI miinhiT : — Sr. Stkpiikn R. A.
Cfiaitkk, Xn. 12"). Its present u(!icers are Hugh
McKiiy. II. 1'. : (Jcoroc F. IMri'lar. K. : K.O. Vroom, S.
It is doinu well.
TIIK sr. STKIMIKX KNCAMPMKNT OF K\I»;nTS TKMIM.AK,
()r<>faiii/<'(l in 1«72. has ;i ch.trtor IVom \\\v ''(irnnd Ue-
liiiious mikI Militai V Onh'rs ol'thc Tcinpio jind Ilospitnl"
oC Sootlniid. Its ollic'(!rs are Win. \':m<jfh;u). Kininont
Coinninnder ; I>!ivi<^ M;iin,Snl) Trior : J.I I. Hose, Mare-
selial. This Couinianderv is in jj;oo(l order aud vveil
sni)|)orted.
ST. f'ROIX LODGK, — CALAIS.
On tho downfall of Sussex Lod^ro in 1H22, the Ma-
;ions ill Cnlais felt it to be their privile<2:o and duty to
start a Lod«ie on the American side of the river. Ae-
eordinijly after mature de]il)eration, a petition for a
Charter wt\s sent to the Grand Lodge. The petition-
ers were
Joseph Whitney,
Thodore Jones,
Asa A Pond.
KluMiezer Kendinir,
Willi;im (loodwin.
William Smith,
David Duren,
Charles Sprinfj,
Isaac Lnne,
Samuel Dnrlinof,
Rufus K. Lane,
John Brewer.
Lorenzo Rockwood,
John Hall.
The Grand T^odge granted the re(|ucst. April 1' i,
1824 ; and in the following December, "St. Croix Lodge
OF F'hkr and Accepted ^Lvsons, No, 4G," was duly or-
ganizecL Tli'^ oflicers elected were
Asa A. Pond, W. M. John Hall, S. W.
Eben. Reading, J. W. Wm. Pike, Sec'y.
K. X A. M\S«>N>.
w
1,
I DOE
or-
ThtMxlorr .loiKs. S. I). .loliii Milliki'ii, .1. I).
The nu'L'tiii^s <it"lli(' l.<»(l<i(' wnc h.lil in ;i cIimiiiIm'I'
or IimII ill till' 1. (tf 11k! iim near the coriicr ol" Main mikI
Cliurch Sts. Her*' it worUtMl and piospt'iiMJ mivlcr its
Warrntit ol" Disix'iisation. till .Iiim' 21, l-s-iC. wlicii. in
the iK'W ("()n»iiT*iati()!ial Clmrcli. it was solcniulv coii-
socratcd by I.ihln iis liailcy. I). 1). (i. M. of tlu' C.tli
District. A lariic aiKlicncc was present, an 1 the ser-
vices w«'re very inipressi\c. The ollieer.^ instaMtNl on
the occasion, were thesjinu'as those al)ove named, ex-
copt
Win. (ioodwin, S. W. Gf^o. Downes. .J. W.
Martin Mesi ,e, Treas. Isaac J^.me, ,]. 1).
JNIutthew na'!tijj.s,S.S. Newell Bond. J. S.
Thomas MeFarhine, Tyler.
.Shortly .it'ter, the L ol" the inn. containln^!: the
Lodge room was removed to Salem St., and converted
into a dv.ellini^ house, — tl'c Simpson hnildini;. A new
and hu:>er w'lwj: to the inn was 'Jiected, havinyr a lari»er
and more convenient liall ; and he)e the Lodge met antl
prospereti tor three years.
In l.S'il). the Anti-masonic nunia reached Calais;
and so intense was the i)id)lic Teeling, that in the latter
part of this year, St. Croix LodjLjc an<l most others in
the country deemed it prudent to sus[)end work and
cease to hold meetings. Aecordinijly the furniture,
jewels, chaiter and records were packed in boxes and
stored in the aiite-room. and the hall deserted. A few
years alter, the inn was burned, and the Lodj^.- lost all
its property except its Seal, which was in the hands of
ics secretary.
For fifteen long years the Fraternity waited for the
epidemic to subside and the right hour to come to call
100 F. & A. MASONS.
tlicin Mjjjaiii to labor. All <nv\v rusty, mikI not ji low en-
tirely ror<;(>t all the .iiee points in the work and leetnres.
The rit^ht tiineennie at last. Jan. 11, 1S44, the (irand
Lo(l<ie met in An<rnsta, and M.Mtlhew Ilastin<j;s, then a
meniher of the Leni.slature, in the name ol' his brethren
in Calais, rcMjuested it to «r|'{int u Dis[)ensation enipover-
in<i; the St. Croix Lodge to resume its work, 'i'lie
re(juest was complied with ; and June i, 1844, the Lodge
met at Milltown in ihe buildin<jj now oceupied by S.
Adams. At the next meeting, June 8, the Ibllowing
olHcers were elected :
i\L Hastings, M.
tSeth Kmerson, J. W.
John JNIanning, See'v.
W. iL Tobie, J. D.
AliVed IJerry, J. S.
Joshua Veazie, S. W.
Wui. lioardinan, Treas.
li. L. Lowell, S. I).
Thomas McFarlane, S. S.
Isaac Lane, Tylei".
Aug. 7, 1844, the J^odge moved into Bishop and
lierry's Hall on Point St., and the same evening 'voted
that the Regular Communication should be on i^-he Mon-
day preceding the full moon." The rules oi'the Gruiid
Lodge were also adopted the same evening.
At the annual meeting in .hinuar}', 1845, Joshua
Venzie was chosen M., Seth Emeison, S. W., and L.
L. Lowell, J. W.
In the Spring, the Lcxlge (imdng its room incon-
venient, moved into a hall titted for its use, in the L of
the house now owned by the heirs ot John Goodwin,
and used as a school-room. May 2i), 1845, it received
a nevt^ Charter without expense ; and was again in good
working order.
But the quarters of the Lodge were still not satis-
factory ; and during the Summer an arrangement was
made with the Congregaiionalii-t Society, to erect a two
I'. X A. MASONS.
illl
lua
L.
.of
in,
ved
)ck1
stf)ry l)iiil<liiijj,' ; the lower tlooi' to lie m vcsti'v. .'iinl tin-
U|)|»('i' llooi* M li.'ill lor Masonic use. Scpl. .">(►. \x\'>.
the eonicr sloiic was hiid in dni' and ainplf loin) liy
.leiTmiali bowler. I). 1). (i. M., and an apjuopria!*'
address delivi'ifd Ity \\v\ . James All»'\ . Ivcrloc ol" a
Clinrcli in St. Andrews. .N. 15. 'I'lie lionsc was lini^lu'd
the next .season. !in<l (Mcn|>ied lor the lirsi time, Dee.
lM, iHir,.
It seemed as il'tiie poor, wandtrinii Lod^e had at
hist found a permanent home; l)nt new trials soon e.'ime.
The parish insisted that the hall should Itc used lor
Masonic purposes only. Tli" Masons insisted that
they shouhl eonti"(d it a> they pleased ; nnd a Ion*"" war
of woi'ds ensued. iirsi'lcs, the Lodue was poor and
unahle to pay its half of the buildinu:expenses. Finally
discoura<jfem"nt set in, :iiid Oct. 2;"). l.slT it was "'votivl
that St. Croix Lod.i»e cease to hold meetin<!;s in this
plaee, from and aftc; this «'venin<i-." N'irtually the
Lodge disbanded.
I>tit duriuii the AVintei', better thoughts and coun-
sels came. 'rii«' possibilities <>1 the exigency were am-
icably talked oxer, and thr<»u<ih the instrumentality of
L. L. Lowell, a n)ember both of the parish ;ind Lodge,
the h.all was leaseil ; and ALir. 10, IrSls. the biethren
again met in it, and <jnee more reo?-ganized, choosing
\Vm. IL Tyler, \V. M. : ALitthew IListings. S. W. ; and
F»'ank Williams. J. W. StMted and special meetings
continued to be held and i)rosperity ensued.
In accordance with an Act of the Legislature, the
Lodge was legally incojporated, Mar. (», 1 'S,')l , and soon
after it purchased the hall for only SGOO. and thus o]»-
tained fidl and peaceable possession of a home. Here
for sixteen years, after the quiet nninner ol the Frater-
102
V. A A. MASONS.
nity, it cultivated "hrotlicrly love, relief mid truth."
Ill the Winter of IHO.'i-l, the KiotherH who had al-
vaiieed to the \i. A. <le<.;reo, heiiiji di^iroiis of onjoyin*;
the Iwrther heiiedts of the Order, took the proper steps
to ostahlish a Royal Areh Chapter. A Disp 'usatlon
was granted to them, April 1 '», IHdl, and a CMiarter,
May 1, IHi;."*. The first ollieers of St. Croix R. A.
Chapter, No. 17, wer« B. M. Kliut, II. 1*. ; L ^ Lowell,
K. ; Jaiin'S Maiininfjf, Serilie : W. II, Tyler, Socretary.
The Chapter has evei' heen prosperous; and there are
at present ahout IM Companions. The St. Croix
Council of R. & S. IM. received its Charter. Nov. 27,
IMIW;. The first oflicers were R. .M. Flint, T. I. M. ;
I). K. Seymour, R. I. M. : K. K. Km(Mson, I. M. ; L.
C. Uailey. Recorder. The present numlier of niern-
hers is ahout 70. The Lod<;e meets on the first Mon-
day, the Chapter on the first Tuesday, and the Council
on tilt second 'i'hursday of each month.
l)urin<; the War of the Rebellion, many of the
brothers enlisted in the army of the Republic; ; all fought
brav(dy, fieveral attained hi<rh rank, and not a few lost
their lives in defending and maintaining the Union.
All the affairs of the Order continued to run smooth-
ly till Aug. 1H7I), when its home was consumed by the
great fire that devastated the business part of the city.
Hut the ago of discouragement had long ago ended. A
small hall was hired, and work went on as usual. The
next year a large hall was obtained, finished and tltted
up with ample accommodations and conveniences. It
was dedicated Feb. 22, ls72,— the late M. W. M. John
II. Lynde oiliciating. Since then, nothing noteworthy
has transpired.
Many members of the Lodge have moved out of the
m
F. A v. MA.SON.s.
lo;{
city, m.-giv linvi' l.ccii siimiiioiM'd to tin- (h.mikI \au\>h^
alM»v«'; hut ovt'i- twoliiiiKlrnl still rciimin. Of the si^v-
»'iit('('iiMjist»'rsulu)liav*'«M'cii|)i(M| the Clmir inthcKast,
only Hovon miv livinir. IJrs. iMattlu'w Ilastin^rs. .I„slnin
VcMzic, Frank Williams, I). M. ({aidiicr and .1. C.
Koc'kwood.hcid tlu- hjuju'st <,lli,.(. in tlu" I.ndov, lour
yt'ars each. Win. Mel Icniy, who fonirht in the army
of the Iron Duke at Waterloo, HcrviMJ as TyliT lor sev-
♦'i.tccn years, and never failed to jruard well the door.
Unfus Carver was sixteen years Treasurer, and L. L.
Lowell twi'lve years Secretary. Hrs. S(.th 'I'ownsend,
the lirst initiate, M. Ilastinos, the third, and Seth
Kmerson our of* the lirst nien;».ers, althouoii consider-
a])ly over three score and ten, still retain their lirst love
for the Order, and occasionally participate in its meet-
injrs. A lonjr and useful career for the Institution, now
seems inevitable.
104
(•ONd. CIirUCH, CALAIS.
XV.
rONdliKdA TIONA L ( 'nVIiCn,~CA LAIS.
Rev. DuiK'aii M'C'oll in his Diniy, stntcs tlint in
1'S(K;. '"Ihc pt'opic of Calais t ii«j,aii('(l a C'oii^ivtiation-
alist Minister to prearli to tlicni " The nanw of this
(•h'i\iiynian is not <>;iv(Mi, .i:><l the h-nuth of tinu' he fc-
niaiiH'd in the place is not mentioned. l»nt nn(jnesvion-
a)>ly this was the lirst ('oniirei>"ational mo\('in<'nt in the
town, and the man then en^a^ccl was the lirst settled
pastoi" in ('alais. He prohahly preacljed here only a
f\'w weeks or months at most.
Rev. Mr. M'Coll Inrther states that in 1«11, -the
peoph' of Calais emi)loyed Hev. Mr. Abhod," (pro])al»ly
Abbott) "'A Conureuationalist :j,"entleman, to preach I'or
them six months," We are not informed what persons
wore the leaders in this niovement. bnt the event dis-
closes an (^tirly tendency amonjj; the [x^ople towards Con-
urciiationalism. In fact a conmmnity so democratic
as this was. conld to'erate no other form of clmrch <!,"ov-
ernment.
After this date, at varions times came Kev. Mr.
Adams. Ivev. Klijah Kelloii. and probably others, serv-
in<i,' as missionaries and ni^uinu' the ]»eople to i>roater
zeal and a moi'e united and defmite effort in tlu> direct-
ion of moi'alitv and Christianit\'. The u'ood sei'd i>vr-
r()N(i. < IiriUII, — ("ALAIS. H).'>
miimtcd. The lu'ttcr flass of citizens bin-aiiu' disnust-
ed with tiio clmrciiloss lu'iUluMiisiii of tho place, and re-
solved if j)ossiliie to inaiigiiiate a nunv respeetahle and
reliiiious state ol'soeietv.
After lonuj deliberation, iinieli talk and many
prayers, the auspicious moment eaine. and a decisive
movement was made in the ri^lit direction. In the old
(ventral School House, A\\<x. 17. 1^2.'). a day never to
be forgotten, "the tii'st ('()n<,!:re«:;ational ('hurcli in Cal-
ais." was duly or<i;anize<l. lu'vs. Klijali Kellog of Port-
land, .Fonathan Hiu'elow of Lul)ee, and Alexander
McLaneof St. Andrews. were])resent and conducted the
service. Kijiht pei>ons imited in the church relation :
three men and live w<nnen. Their names were Ama-
ziah Nash, Daniel Mcl)()u«;al, K. M. 1*. Wells, Mary
M. Jellison, Jane Darlinji;, Lydia Christoi)her, Lucy
(iates, Mary Ann lioies. The five ladies were married,
and their less devout or more scruinilous husbands
were at least not oj)posed to the «;ood work goin<2: '^>n-
The live families were thus enlisted on the rii^ht -^'de.
Innnediately, Mr. K. M. 1*. Wells, who does not
appear to have been an (H'dained clerjiynian, but a <!:o()d
man,be<2^an to preach to the little church and its friends ;
and he continued to dispense the (iosiH'l acceptably for
about two years. There was no sudden trrowth, yet in
1H2(>, one more member was added to the C'hurch, —
Mrs. Mary Arnold ;and thusanother family was secured
for the Society.
Meanwhile an important advance movement was
made. A lar<!;e, handsome and connnodious meetin^i-
house was erected. The lot of land and the avenue
leadin<i, to it, were <»;iven in e(jual shares by I)ea. Sam-
uel Kelley and Jones Dyer, Esq. The money and m:;-
pv
lot;
CONG, (urucrr. — r-ALAis.
tcrial ucrc furnislKMl by tlic citizens irciicially. without
rcfjjanl to sect or Ik'UcI'. Tlic Hiiil-'liiLfCoiiiiiiittoc wore
Hon. Anson (i. CliaiKllcr, Dr. S. S. Whipple, and ('apt.
Jarins Kccno. The House was (U'dicatcd Sept. !), 1H2().
the sermon was delivered liy Rev. Mr. ( iah' of'Kasfport.
All hut seven of the pews were iiMin<'diately sold at
auction. I )rin<ji:intji; SI 7(!1 . — a very satisfactory amount
for the time an<l place 'I'he hi<2;hesl prices were paid
hy Samuel Kelly and Asa l*on<l. Only three of the
ori<j;inal purchasers are now livin*:;, — Sanniel Kelley,
Matthew Ilastinus and Scth Kmerson ; and it is a cu-
rious fact that at presi'ut, the first is a liai)tist ; the sec-
ond, a Methodist ; and the thii'd. a I'niversalist,
The Soi-ietv thus happilv inaimurated. had everv-
thiuij ill its favor. It was the only live religious or!j:an-
ization in the then thrivinu' town ; it had :i handsome
house and a lari^e con<jfre<j;ation ; the leadin^j; men in the
place were its friends and sup[)orters : pious women
<;ave to it their love ami prayers; its con<>;re^ational
policy accorded with the feelin<i;s of the people; and its
permanent ))rosp(>rity was assured. Calais certainly
had ijood reason to he proud of this new and noble in-
stitution, and hapt»y in its sacred intJuence.
The next year, four a<lditionai members were ad-
mitted into the Church. 'I'hev were Sanmel F. Barker,
Aima I). Barker. Sarah F. Deminjz:. and Flizabeth
Carleton. This was enco(n"a<j:in<»;. A Sunthiy-school
was also oruanized. — the first one in town, and Dea.
Sanmel Kelly elected Superintendent. I'he scliool thus
Itejiun. is still tlourishinji;. Durinu" the year, Mr. Wells
retired from tlu' pulpit ; and for a time. Hev. Mr. Mc-
Fwen. and Moses Church, conducted the Sundav ser-
(:ON(;. ciuucii, — ( alais.
10"
K'tb
iiool
!)(';».
hiis
(>lls
iMc-
SIT-
viecs. Tlu'V nrc n'luciiilKMH'd jis j»i<)us jind iMillifnl
worKuK'ii.
The next year, 1H2H. aiiotluT ausjticious event
transpired. lion. (Jeorir*' Downes,
one of tlie wealthi-
est and most inlluential men in town, with his exeeilent
wife, joine<l the( Imreh and became from that lime, de-
voted workeis for the Society. A mofc fn'm and settled
policy was now adopted. Hev. Aaron li. Church, a
twin itrother of Moses Chm'ch, was chosen })ast(tr. Oct.
2, 1H2H, and retained tlie otiice about live and a half
tV <rood Droof oftlu' wis<lom of this choice, and
vcars.
the edicieney <>!' the pastor, is the fact that dnrinu" his
ministry, forty-thret' })ersons were added to the Church.
Near the close of his pastoi'ate. he iiad a public discus-
sion in the Central School House, with Rev. Wm. A.
Whitwell, I'nitaiian. It is not certain that any <X(hh\
was done. Some time in tills yeai'. l.s;>4, but |)robal>ly
not until after the resionation of Mr. Church, the 1st
Con<i:re<iational Pai'ish was oiirjinized. It contained
sixteen memiters. only three of whom ai'c now livinii".
viz : Asher Hassford, Louis AVilson and vSanmel ,Iohnson.
The next pastor was liev. Kber Child, an easy yet
earnest speaker, w ho won the hearts of all his hearers.
His pastorate bei»an.lau. 1, l.s;};"), and continued a little
more than two years, when illness compelled him to rc-
si<2;n. In the financially uioomy Winter of l8;i(>, when
so many earthly hopes were crushed, the public min<i
instinctively turned to the All Fatlier. and a sweepinji'
revival of religious interest ensued. Forty-seven p<'r-
sons in that year and tiu' next, wt're added to the
Church. Thus in the midst of adversity, there was
great ecclesiastical prosperity.
Mr. Franklin Yeaton, a student from the liauiic^r
f ^•^'
108 C()N(;. ciii'itcn, — calais.
Thor)lo<j^ical Soiiiinarv. n vorv tjilcMitcd y()un<»: irian. bc-
gjui siii)|)lyiiif2; tlic pulpit, Sept. 2. is;i7. and rcrnainod
about cloven months. Tlu' visible icsnlt of his ministry
was the addition of seven niombeis to th(? Chnreh. The
parish nnjinimously invited liini to remain and be or-
dained and installed as pastor : but illness and the se-
verity of the climate comi)elled him to leave.
After him, Mr. Batchelder supi)lied the pulpit for
a 3'ear, beginning ni Sept. ls;5,s. lie was a very worthy
and i)ions man : but contrasted with tiowery and elo-
(pient Yeaton, he seemed a dull and cold sermonizer.
Nevertheless seven more members were added to the
Church during his short ministry, and the parish was
stronger than ever before.
Next came Rev. Dr. S. H. Keeler of Amesburv
Mills. Mass. He conunenced his pastorate, Nov. 20,
1839, and noblv tilled the otlice for twentv-ei"ht vear.^.
He was a rii)e scholar, a respected citizen, an able man-
ager, an interesting preacher, and a warm, true, pious
Christian. His amiable wife readilv won the hearts of
all her ac(juaintances. Throughout his long ministry,
the parish glidecl along smoothly, pleasantly, prosper-
ously. There was no trouble, no complaint, no dissat-
isfaction, worth rec<)rdirk<?. Evidentlv he was the risjrht
man in the right place. On the tirst Sunday in July,
18;")0. — a year madegkumiy by tinancial prostration and
failure, twenty-seven i)ersons were added to the Church ;
and during Dr. Keeler's pastorate, about two hundred,
(ireater success it would be ditlicult to find in anv
parish in any part of the country.
In 1841), the congregation having become too large
for the meeting-house, it was remodelled and enlarged ;
at an expense of about $4000. The liuilding Committee
coNc. cinucn, — < ai.ais
100
•ts of
istry,
>sper-
issat-
riiiht
July,
n Jiiul
mvh ;
idred.
any
large
r<?ed ;
nittoe
wore L. L. Lowell, Ks(j.. Ilcm. A. (i. (Miaixllcr. and
JaiTU's ('. Swan, Ks(|. Tliirty feet were added to the
U'n<i:tli <»rtli(' house, and twenty ad-litional pews put in ;
iijivinii' tlic ediliee more comely pi'oportions. and a more
eonmiodious ananiicment. It liad been in n>e al»(»ut
twenty-three years, and it eonlinuefj to l»e used as a
phiee of woi'ship ahont twcnty-tlu'ee years moi'e. In
1H72. it was sold to \\ . \V. l*ike. moveil to ("Imreh St.,
eouverted into an op*'ra house, and festive h:dl : in
which condition it bids fail- to )>e useful to the pul)li<'
for many years.
The Church at first adoptcfl. and pi'obably without
much discussion, the Calvinistic creed then <i:enei"ally
iield by most Couijreoationalist churches in New Kn<x-
land : but in IS.")."), in conseiiuence of some drift in be-
lief or fecliuiif. it frauKvl and ado[)ted the followinu;
''Confession of faith." It recpiires,
1. ''Belief in one (lod, revealed in his Word, as the
Father. Son, and Holy (ihost : and that these three are
essentially one, and equal in all divine nttriltutes.
2. Belief that the Bible is the Word ol' ( Jod. written
by holy men as thev were movi'd bv the lloh (ihost :
.and that it is the only rule of faith and [)ractice.
3. Belief that (iod createcl all thinus for his own
ijlory ; that known to him ai'c all his works from the
be<rinnini2: ; and that in i)erfeet consisteney with man's
free agency and accountability, lie governs all things
aeeording to the counsel of his own free-will.
4. Belief that the first parents of our raee were cre-
ated holy ; that they became sinners by disobeying (Jod :
and that in consecpience of their fall, all their i)osterit>-'
are destitute of iioliness, until regenerated by the Holy
Spirit.
110 0<)N(;. flirKCII, — CALAIS.
'). BclicC thai (iod in incicy uavchis Son to die for
our rncc ; and that in fonstMjUcncc ol' the suMcrinus and
death of Ciwist. (iod is not onlv just wliiU' ho justifies
everv hciicvci*, hut freely oilers salvation to all on con-
dition of faith and n'lK'ntanee.
('). lielief that all who l)e(*oino Christians "'wore chos-
en of Christ lu'fore the foinidation of the world, and that
they are saved, not l»y woiks ol riiihteousness which
they ha\('done. hut accoi'diiiii; to the mercy of (lod. hy
the washing'' of re<:;encration and renewiny; of the Holy
Ghost."
7. Belief that the Spirit in reijeneralinii: the heail.
so uniformly ()[)erates in coiuiection with the means (►f
urace, that none are ordinarily saved, without a i)roj)er
use of them.
-S. lielief that all who are in the Lord Jesus Christ,
will he ke[)t 1>n the i)ower of (iod unto salvation ; and
that the host evidence of beinir in Christ, is a holy life.
!>. lielief in the resurrection of the fiend and in a
day of fmal juduinent, when the wicked will <i:o awa}'
into ev<'rlasting [)unishinent, and the righteous into life
eternal.
10. lielief that Christ has a visihh' Church on earth,
the terms of admission to which are Scri[)tural eviden-
ces of faith in him. and a j)ul>l!c profession of that faith.
11. lielief that Christ estahlished two Sacraments
to he ohsei ve;l in his Church to the end of time ; viz :
liapii.-im and the Lord's Sup[)er ; that the Lord's Sui)per
is to 1)0 administered only to memhers of the visible
Church in regular standing, and that Baptism is to be
administered only to believers and their households."
This creed has for the i)ast twent}' years been gen-
erally deemed satisfactory ; but the onward march of
jiy
ite
h,
'11-
ith.
Ills
iz :
nT
hie
be
teii-
ol"
roMi. ( iin{( II.— ( Ai.Ais 1 I 1
tlioiiillit lijis (liscloscd some drt't'cls in its \\>\\\\ nl'stiilc-
iiu'iit iiiid pci'li.'ips in its spii'it ; mikI Ihmicc m inost'incnt
Ih ijoiii^ oil lor its revision.
In N<>\('inl)t'i'. ls('»<s. I^i>\-. Wm. Cnn ntlicrs IVoni
Daiivcrs. M;iss.. Mssunicd the p.-istorn! c'lri- ol" llic So-
ciety. n;i\ in<i' provcfl liiinst'ir .'I u\'nti('in;iii ol" rdincl
t.'istc. pK'.'is.Miit address and iin(|iiesti(>n;il)Ie pietv. in
1.S71 lie was I'orni.'dly inst.'dled as pastor: and in nil
l)i'ol»al»ility lie will i\ tain the olliee many yeais.
In 1^71, it hein^" manifest that the nieetini^-jioiise
was old. too small, somewhat out oCrepaii'. and desti-
tute of a ve,- try. the parish resolved to eiA'ct ;i new.
mort' elegant and more eonnnodions editiee, ;ind soon
after, the dem-. ohl. n>li<iions home was soM. When
the last meeting was h<'ld in it . May •J<!th. \>^7'2. the
pastor delivere(l an elocpient address, appiopriate to the
occasion ; and then the con^reixation, with many a ti'ai-
and many a hallowed i-eminiscence, hid it a final fare-
well. A new ehnrcli has since heen erected near the
site of the old one. at a cost of about S'i'J.OlH). It is a
lar^jje, sui)stantial, and handsonu' structure, containinii'
114 pews, and havinii" all the modern improvements and
conveniences of a first class church. There is no better
house in the county. It was solemnly dedicatecl in An-
li'ust, l.S7;>. The sermon was by the pastor: I)rs. Keelei-
and Carruthers assisttvl in the service; a lar^e audience
was i)rt'sent : and the scene was deeply imi)!('ssive.
Since its oiiianization, UH persons have heen
members of the church ; and althouixh ••many have fal-
len asleep" and many have moved awav, it is still the
larixest ecclesiastical or<i;anizatiou in town. The parish
feels that the era of enlai'j^ed i)r<>sperity has now be-
liun. and that m^thiuii; can hinder it from long remainin*i;
112
CONO. ( HlJUCn, — MILLTOWN, N. B.
ji iiiiuiity j)owor lor truth and virtue. The (loacous of
the diurch hnvc hocii, Samuel F. Barker, (Je(>r<2,('
Downes. .lames liohhiiis, and Josepli M. Dyer; the
hist of whom is the only one now livin<2;.
CONG. (■IIUIKJH, MILLTOWN, N. B.
In 184r», a number of persons resi<lin<i; in jNIilltown.
some of whom were ('onixi'eij:ationalists and others
Methodists, "united for the piu'[)(js(' of snstainin*? a
Con_<^re<j:ationalist meetin*; in that phiee." Prominent
amonuj them were Wm. Todd, J. K. and II. F. Faton,
S. II. Iliteliin^rs, (;. M. Porter, W. F. McAllister, Fd-
ward Fostei'. Joshua Alien. .1. (1. Kimball, Thomas
Bowser, Sanmel Darlinu'. and their lamilies. The
movement luiied on by such men, was of course suceess-
fid. Ilitchiufi's' Hall was leased and fitted up as a phice
of worship, and Rev. .1. S. (Jay, a younji; man from An-
dover, was enj^aged to sui)|)ly the pulpit. His services
were generally aceeptabh', but he remained only a few
months.
In June, l.'-f4(!. Rev. Franklin Vtaton, who for a
time had preached in Calais, was eiiLiaged to conduet
the Sabbath service. Oct. "iiJth, 1X4(5, a Church was
ori'anized, contaiuiuij twentv-nine members, most of
whom were the persons referred to above. Since then
some two hundred have been adtled to the number, and
there are at present, one hundred and twenty members
living. Oct. 27, 1.S47, Rev. Mr. Yeaton was ordained
and installed as pastor of the Society. In 1S41), the
meeting-house was erected. This substantial edifice
costing about $8000, was paid for at once, and dedica-
ted in October. It was used and enjoyed by the So-
<'(>N(;. ( iiiKcii,
-Mii,i/r<>\vN. N. n.
11
i\
ilnc't
was
of
thou
a nd
I hers
Linetl
tiie
itice
lica-
So-
cietv until .Ian. 1x7.'). when it accidiMitallv canjzht liro.
and till' itisido was ossontially spoiltMl. Loss, S-i'iilO.
It will ho roi)airo(l. In tho Autiiinii of IXVJ, Mr. Yea-
ton's hoaitli having failod, he rosiiint'd and wont to (jlou-
cestor, Mo., whore he started a school for hoys. IIo
has sinoo gone to rest.
For several years after his retirement, the uhlo and
excellent Rev. Henry CJ. Storer from Scarl)oro' where
he now resides, snpplied the pulpit. Oct. T). l.s.')l. Rev.
II. (^. Huttorlleld, a sni)stantial and scholarly uian, was
chosen pastor. He j^ave oi>ncral satisfaction, and re-
tained the ofMce until Ault- !•'. lHa7. The next pastor.
Uev. C. G. M'Cully connnencod his lahors. .Inly 17,
1860. Ho is now a hi<j;hly cstoonied clorjxyinan of Ilal-
lowoll, iNIo. The last and perhaps nios.' <learly beloved
pastor, Rev. Kd^ar L. Foster from Maci'iias, Ale., was
onhiined and installed Oct. 4. 1807. and afto. a pro-
tracted illness, died Nov. IH, ls72. Since then the
pulpit has heen supplied by Kevs. J. G. Leavitt and .1.
.1. Blair; both talented and proniisinf^ youn<i" men.
Several things peitaining to this church, are i)ar-
ticularly worthy of notice. It has never had any dis-
sension. All the inoinbers have ever had and manifest-
ed the kindest feelings for each other; and the lesults
have been peace, virtue, piety and prosperity. The ex-
penses of the parish have always been defrayed by an
ad valorem tax assessed on the i)roperty of its meml)ors.
These tax bills range from Sr>, to $4i')0. Thus both the
rich and the poor bear their fair proportion of the bur-
den ; and the Treasury of the Society is never emi)ty.
The creed of this Church, whether true or false, is a per-
fect model of perspicuity, honesty and candor. It is
the following
lit CON(i. ClirUCII, MII.I-TOWN, N. H.
Articles ok Faith.
t. "Wo helicve there Is oiiedod, self-existent, eter-
nal, perfectly holy, the Creator and rightful Disposer of
all things, Huhsisting, in a manner niysterious to us, as
Father, Son and II0I3' Spirit.
2. We believe tiiat the Hihie is the revealed will of
(lod to mankind, and was <r\\iii\ by inspiration, as the
only unerrin<ij rule of faith and praetiee.
li. We believe that mankind are fallen from their
original rectitude, and are, while in a state of nature,
wholly destitute of that holiness which is recjuired by
the divine law.
4. We believe t}»at Jesus Christ, the Eternal Word,
was made flesh, or in a mysterious manner became man ;
and by his obedience, sufferinjis and death, made full
satisfaction for the sins of the world, and opened a way
by which all who believe in Him, with repentance for
their sins, may be saved without an impeachment of the
divinejustice and truth.
5. We J)elicve that they, and they only, will be sav-
ed in consecpience of the merits of Christ, who are born
of the Spirit, and united by a living faith to the Son of
(iod.
(). We believe that God has appointed a day in
which he will judge the world ; when there will bo a
resurrection of the dead ; and when all the righteous
will enter on eternal happiness, and all the wicked will
be condemned to eternal misery."
The ofliccrs of the Church are Geo. M. P'>rter,
Deacon ; S. H. Ilitchings, Clerk and Treasurer.
i'llYSK lANS.
IIT)
XVI.
Thoujrli tlie c'linuiU' has Home very repulsive cliar-
Moteristies, the St. Croix valley is a "^heulthy loeality.
The winters are loiijr and extremely severe \ the sum-
mers short and eool ; and very little spaee is left tor
spring or autumn ; hut duriiiir a hirjre part of the year,
the air in Calais and St. Stephen, is dry, pure an<i hra-
eing, and therefore hostile to pulmonary diseases. The
rock formation is granitie, and hence the water of sprin<r.s
andwells is clear,sweet and wjjolesome. Kxcellent roosts
and cereals are easily raised, and the beef, n.utton and
pork fattened on them, are in a high degree palatable,
nutritious and sanitary. Generally escaping that fell
destroyer, Consumption, most of the people are robust,
and tnany live to a green old age. Several persons now
living are over ninety years old, and not a few of our
most active men and women are past seventy. Ah re-
sults of this general healthiness, the Schoodic i)eople in
both size and beauty are.above the New England aver-
age.
Still, even in the best climate, sooner or later, dis-
ease and death tlnd their way into every household. On
such occasions, when home skill and ordinnrv root and
herb medicines fail to bring relief, although 'in theory
we may have little faith in doctors and drugs, it is nat-
ih;
IMIVSICIANS.
iirjil iijid !i ^rcjitcoinfort to call !i pliysiciaii and plu''e
the i('s|K)Hsil)ilit y in his hands, ||i> in;iy do no j^ood ;
lie rn.'iy do hai'ni ; hut he takes tlic ;,n('at hiinh'n of
care, ami 'hns helps us hear oni alllictions. On this
a<*count every town needs a uood pji\sieian : and lar^e
towns several. Demand hrinijs supply, ami Calais and
St. Stephen have had a Itdl (piot.i of learned and skil-
I'nl 'Mnedieine men." But ol" the earlier ones, little ex-
cept their mimes, is now known.
A jiood physician, thouuh one of the most useful
nud important memltera of society, makes very little
noise or puhlic parade. lie is not a candidate (or any
county or state olli(;e, and his uMine <j;ets no proujinence
in the local news|>apers. lie is neither the idol nor
the tool of any piU'ty. llis work is (luiet and his re-
ward private. lie may save many lives; he may keep
the pestilence at hay ; he may sacrifice his own happi-
ness and health lor the sick and snirerin<ji; i)oor ; and
stdl his name m.'iy scarcely he heard of outside the
narrow circle of his personal friends. These things
being so, I have heen able tt) ol)tMin i)ut little infor-
mation on the suhjeet of this chapter ; hut the following
list comprises the names of all the regular, M. I).
l)hysicians now remembered :
St. Stki'IIKN ; — Paddock, Louis Weston, Wm.
Coulter, Dugald lilair, Robert Thompson, Arthur Tol-
man, W. C. George, W. II. Mitchell, W. II. Todd, W.
T. Black, R. K. Ross, II. B. Knowles. R. Gross, 1).
B. Myshrall.
Calais; — S. S Whipple, Cyrus Hamlin, Daniel
(.^uimby. Job II(jlmes, C. C. Porter, C. E. Swan, Walk-
er, Geo. T. Porter, E. H. Vose, I). E. Seymour, W. M.
Caldwell.
or
mg
1).
Til.
n.i-
w.
1).
iiiel
alk-
M.
IMIVSK lANS. 1 17
III jnMitioij to these tMliic.'itccj utul tiilente'l j^etitle-
mei). oMieiH oflesH repiitiitiou have I'roin time to ti/ne
practised the healing art ; hut even less is known of
them th;m of the others. Without (loni>t, Drs. Kmer-
soii, IMcDoiKihl. Nohleand others, hotanic, hydropathic,
eclectic, lumueopathic, 'riiomsoiiiaii, or spiiitiialistic,
have wroiight cures, gaiiietl l'rien<ls and attained a hriel"
popularity. A di|)lonia is not needed liy every man ;
yet the sick are safest under the care of the educated
and e.\perienc(.'d. Ht-iiig couipclled l>y lack of infor-
mation, to omit biographical notices of the doctors, 1
submit only such few facts und incidents as seem worthy
of notice.
Before any regular doctor had located on either
side of the river, and for some time after, Mrs. Ananiah
Hohanuon of Calais, performed the duties of a ladies'
physician, in all the fMUiilies of the vicinity. She is
said to have been vciy skilful and energetic; and i»er
services were ever highly prized.
One of the earliest physicians on the liver. Dr.
N'ance, came to a sad end. lie went to the West In-
dies and enlisted as a siu'geon, on what he supposed an
Eng'!s^ ; »'med ship ; but which in reality was a pirati-
cal ciaft. Not long after, she was captured by a gov-
ernment vessel, and her olllcers and crew were tried,
condemned and executed as pirates. Dr. Vance, though
innocent, was hanged for the crime of having been found
in bad company.
Louis WY'ston, M. D. one of the llrsl, best, and
most esteemed doctors of St. Stei)hen, also came to an
untimel}' end. All his chihlren, twelve in number, hav-
ing died of consumption, he became entirely disheart-
ened ; and while the last one lay a corpse in his house,
i^4
I'i
118
PHYSICIANS.
he went out in the evening, and by accident or other-
wise fell into a cistern of rain water near his door^ and
drowned. Dr. Gill was also drowned while attempting
to cross the- river at Milltown, to visit a patient, about
the year 1«24.
Early in 1835, a strange sickness, batHing all med-
ical skill, broke out in Calais and St. Stephen. The
symptoms were pain, weakness and constipation, loss
of appetite and sleep, partial paralysis, nausea, &c.
During Februar}', March and April, hundreds were
sick in the same way ; the best treatment did little good ;
and some twenty or thirty persons died. No age or
class was exempt from the malady. At length poison
was suspected in an invoice of sugar imported by James
Frink, from Barbadoes. It was a nice looking article,
and being sold at retaU, it was used in many families,
and freely taken by the sick, in their food and medicine ;
but on being subjected to analysis by a Boston chemist,
it was found to contain a fatal per cent# of lead ! The
secret was divulged. The people ceased using the su-
gar, and the str.mge sickness slowly disappeared ;t hough
some have sutiercd from its effects to the present day.
Subsecjuently, Dr. Cyrus Hamlin while visiting
Barbadoes to regain his health, traced the sugar to the
plantation where it was manufactured. On investiga-
tion he Ibund that some of the syrui) from which the
sugar was made, hnd reniM.ined in lead-coated cauldrons
until it fei inenu'ii, in which state it decomposed and
absorbed the poison lead. No blame was attached to
the ignorant i)l;ijiler ; but no more of his sugar ever
came to St. Sti'|)I)en ; and some people never after
reallv relished i-uy kind of West India sweetening.
From that time to the present, advised and treated
PHYSICIANS.
119
by such skilful physicians as Whipple, Thompson,
Holmes, Porter, Swan, Todd, Black, George, and oth-
ers younger but not less trustworthy, the people have
escaped all fatal epidemics; and though exposed to
''the thousand ills that flesh is heir to," have been
blessed with an average share of health and longevity.
120
UNITARIAN (Jill urn.
XVll.
UNITARIAN rilURCII.
Altliou<jjh tlie Congregational church erected in
l^!2(», was intended to acconiinodatc all who might de-
sire to attend [)ul)lie worship, yet theie were many in-
telligent and intluential citizens in town, who did not
lielieve in Calvinism nor enjoy hearing it preached.
They deemed its peculiar tenets false and pernicious,
and thereiVjre they could not conscienciously hel[) sup-
port the Congregationalist meetings. Still they wished
to attend church, and to worship according to the dic-
tates of their own consciences.
Accordingly, after muny consultations and mature
deliberations, they met in 1831, formed a Unitarian So-
ciety, and resolved to procure and maintain a clergy-
man of their own faith. Work in earnest iit once be-
gan.
The first Unitarian sermon heard in Calais was de-
livered by Rev. Charles liobiiison of Kastport, who was
brought to town for that purpose by Hon. (Jeo. Downes.
After Inm. came Hev. II. A. Mills, afterwards for a long
time the pastor of a Church in Lowell, Mass., and still
living though retired from the ministry. Others were
occasionally engaged, a few weeks at a time. Themeet-
e!iaii
UNITAKIAN rlllUcII.
121
le-
lies,
llong
still
hvere
Ineet-
iiigs were at first lnM in tiiat cradk' ol" clmiclics, the
Central School House ; hnt siibse(]uently in the Town
House, now the Catholic Cha[)('l, which at considerable
expense was tittcd up for this i)uri)ose.
These pleasant, r('lii:;ious services so rapidly devel-
oped and consolidated the strength of the Society, and
increased the courage of its nieiiil )ers, that in the Winter
of 1832-.'J, they resolved to erect for themselves a church
suited to their needs, taste and means. To render their
proceedings legal and binding, a |)etition for an ''act of
incorporation." was sent to the JjCgislature of Maine:
and the rfMjuest was granted Mar. 2, l«3r). The peti-
tioners were :
lion. .Joseph (iraiig^r,
Otis L. liridges, Ks(j.,
Knoch I. Noyes,
M. li. I'ownscnd, Es(].,
Luthur C. White,
S. S. Whipple, M. 1).
Cvrus Hamlin, M. I).
Four of them, — Grange)', IJridges, Townsend and
C^ooper, were lawyers ; and two, — Whipple and Hamlin,
were physicians. The others were enterprising men t>f
business. The Act of lncor[)oriition gave them and
their associates, power to organize "The First Inita-
rian Society of the Town of Calais, for the purpose of
ditlusing morals and religion, and to hold property to
the value of $12000."
At the first meeting of the Society, April 27, IH.'J.'J,
.Joshua Veazie was chosen chairnum, and Hon. .Joseph
Granger, Secretary; and a committee appointed todraft
a code of By-laws. At the next meeting. May 4, iHiW.
the code of By-laws was presented and adopte«l, and the
following ofllcers elected : —
(Jeo. I. (iaivin,
.Joshua V^easey.
Bi'uj. King,
V. H. <; lover,
.las. S. Coo|)ci', Fs(i.
Geo. F. Wadsworth.
122
UNFTAKIAN flirUCII.
11
Col. Joseph WIntnov, President.
Geo. I. Oahiii, i
Dr. S. S. Whipple, > Directors.
Isaac Poole, )
Joshua Veasey, Clerk.
Joseph (Tran<5er, Collector aiul Treasurer.
The erection of a church was the first business in
order- for the new Society, ami the work immediately
hej^an. $5000 were raised in stock at S50 per share ; a
site was purchased at the cost of Sr>00 ; and soon was
heard the sound of the carpenter's saw, plane and ham-
mer. And so viiijorously was the work pushed forwanl,
that at a ineetin<^ of the Society, Sept. 1 1 , is.'j;}. Messrs.
Joseph (iranger, I*. II. (xlover, and Theo, Jellison were
appointed a committee ''to arran<re for the approachin<^
Deilication, and to secure a |)ast()r." The pastor se-
lecteil and "secured." was Rev. VVm. A. Whitwell of
Boston, who filled the otHce from Nov. 1, 1833 to July
2, 1M3*J, with a salary of $000 the first year, and after
that $800 per annum. A l)etter man for tlie place could
not have lieen found. He was a gra<luate of Harvard
University, a ripe scholar, a fine writer, a j^ood speak-
er, and above all, a Christian gentleman. A portion
of his time he emi)ioyed in tea(^hing : and he invariably
gave entire satisfaction to his patrons. In religion,
literature, and moral reform, he constantly led his peo-
ple up and on. He delivered fine sermons. He trans-
lated and published Paul's Ki)istle to the Romans. In
183G, he was chosen President of the Franklin Temper-
ance Association, which at that time had 022 members.
During all his pastorate, his society was united and
prosperous. He has long since "departed to be with
Christ."
UNITAKIAN « 111 Kill. 1 li.'J
The church wus :it last linishc<l. It wms (U'dicn-
tcd and Mr. Wliitwcll tbriiiallv instjiUcd. May 1."), ls;it.
The services >verc — I'laver hv Hev. K. H. KiU's, of
Eastport. — Sermon liy K. S. (iaiiiictt, I). I)., of lioston,
— Dedication Ity Rev. Dr. liarretts of lioston. — Ilene-
diction by the pastor. In the afternoon, tlu' [X'ws were
sold, and Miss Ivloore en^aued as organist. The con-
dition and })ros})ects of the Society were now excellent.
It had an attraetive'chnreh, a lar|j:e, wealthy and intel-
ligent coni>re<iation, and a pastor in every res})ect ad-
mirably fitted for his position. The choir under the
skill'ul direction of 1*. II. (Jlover, discoursed sweet
music ; and all the [>eople were *rlad and jiiatelul. A
Sunday-school was soon after or<ianize<l. and the entire
machinery of a well reuiilat<'(l parish, wasset in motion.
There is no record of any formal organization or
recognition of a Church, hut therewas aComnninion ser-
vice, July 13, 1>{34. There were then just t»\o coin-
nuinicants ; Geo. F., and Mary Wadsworth. Soon after.
Fanny Whipple and Martha Ann (i. Jones joined Mr.
and Mrs. Wadsworth in inaugurating a Church, in
April, \H'M\, Henry I*. Pratt, Mary W. Lami>e and
Sophia Whitney, were added to the Church ; and in the
following August, AhhaC. Filshury. Meanwhile. Mr.
Whitwell dresv up the following '■•Church Covenant,"
which was ado})ted and ever after rettiined as the creed
and faith of the church :
CHIK( H COVENANT.
lervS.
land
Ivith
''We, whose names are undeiwritten. present our-
selves for admission into the church of Jesus Christ, in
te\stiniony of our faith in him, our accej)tance of his w-
ligion and suhjection to his laws.
I21
liNITAKIAN « III l{< II.
We H'ixard this trMnsnclion ;is nn expression of our
esiriiest desirt' to oiiiMin the s;ilv}itioi» jtroposecl in the
(Jospel ; ;ni(l our serious pinpose to endeiivor to comply
with tile terms on wliicli it is ollered.
We desiic to commemctrate tlie Autlior and Kinisii-
vv of our laitli. in tlie manner estaldi^lied in his elmreli.
In a humltle and <:;rateful n-liance on (Jod lor the
pardon ol'sin an<l assistance in (hilw we solemnly take
upon ourselves the vows of the Christian i>rol'ession.
We will, as we have opportimity. acknowle(l«j!;e our
relation to this Christian community, hy attendance on
the services of ri'li<i;ion, by ollices of Christian alfcction,
and l)y submission to the laws of Christian order: —
heseechinj:; the (iodand Father of our Lord .lesus Christ,
that bein^ faithful to each other and to our conunon
Master, we may enjoy the consolations of <Mir holy re-
ligion here, and be acce})ted to its rewards lu'reaftei'.
throu<ih the riches of divine uicicy in Jesus Christ."
It is worthy of notice tliat while this carefully word-
ed covi'iiant i*inores all the vexed (piestions of theolojiy,
it acknowle(|ores the «ireat practical facts oi" Christian-
ity, and is frasrrant with the sweet perfume of tlie (los-
pel. The meaniiiii" which Mr. Whitwell intended, may
be jijathered from the followini; record written by his
own hand.
*'Ai)ril 24, IHIM), — Mrs. Maria Sibley bein«j^ very
sick and not expectinu; to recover, desired to receive the
ordinances of Baptism and the Lord's Suj»per. Ilavino"
conversed with her and found that she understoo*! their
object, and was resolved to I've a Christian life if she
recovered, I, in the presence of a member of the ehureh,
(Mrs. Wadsworth,) baptizecl her and administered to
her the Lord's Supi)er, this day. (iod grant that
rNlTAHIAN < Iiri{( II.
1 2')
ord-
[ian-
ios-
inay
his
\erv
(- the
ivino-
tlu'ir
she
irt'h,
(1 to
tlitit
whether she lives or dies, slie may lie a wortliy follower
of'.Iesiis." She <lie(l ahoiit six weeks after.
The (hiireh slowlv y:rew till sixtv-two names were
on its list. I'iither it has not \)vvu tiie policy of the
parish to Imihl up its Chureh. or its t'Iforts in that di-
reetion have not l»een very sneeessfwl.
After the resionation of Mr. Whitwell, Hev. Kd-
ward Stone snpplied the j)ulpit from Oct. .'). l<s;j'> to
Mar. !.'{. l.sH);and Hev. Wm. ('ushint»-. a Itrother of
Jud^re L. S. C'nshinu; of Mass., from Mai". 20, to Sept.
(), l-S-H). Mr. ("ushiny; was a vonnij man of cultnre and
ability, hut not liki»»ii" the arduous and often perplexing-
duties of a clerirvnian, he ahandoned the profession soon
after leavini*: Calais, and enoajrcd in teachiufji;. After
he left. Rev. Jaeol) Caldwell preached for the Society
from Oct. 27, IS-JO, to May 1, 1841.
The next pastor was Rev. Xathaniel Whitman, a
native of liridi2;ewater, Mass., tmd an older hrotlu-r of
those great and jjjood men. Revs. .lason and Hernard
Whitman. He was a devout Christian, a i>leasant
speaker and a popular man in the town. Prosperity
characterized hisentiri' [)astorate. lie faithfully served
God and the parish from Nov. 1(), IMII, to May 12,
1844. lie has since <;one to the "long home."
Next came Rev. Kdward Stone, a native of Fram-
ingham, Mass., where in a good old age and full of
peace, he still resides. He was a gra<uiate of IJrown
[Iniversity and Harvard Divinity School, and therefore
"thoroughly furnished" for a pastor's position. His in-
fluence in connnunitv was always for the right. In the
puli)it he was i)ersuasive and convincing ; in the Sun-
day-school, skilful and ellicient. He got up and ar-
ranged the first Christmas Tree ever seen in Calais ; and
V2C,
UNITAlflAN cm lU'M.
his lar<j;(', oiillni' ni.Mj)M of PnUsliiu', drawn ))V liis own
liJind, jjrcjillv Ijicililatcd the study of the Scriptures hy
tlic liihlc class. I'ndcr his ministry, the Churcli "xrew
"in <»race and in tlie knowh'<I<i(' of tiie Lord." Hut
there was "a lion in the way." Mr. Stone clearly saw
tlu^ great sin of slavery, and deejdy sympathized with
its helpless victims ; an<l in his every puhlic prayer, I)e-
soiiixht the help of (Jod in their hehalf. This displeas-
ed the politicians, and resulted in his losin<i" some in-
(luential friends ; and havini^; occupied the pulpit from
July C, lH-ll,toMay l.S, iSliJ, he ri'si«;!ied and left
town.
The chxjuent Rev. IIenr\ (iiles then preache(l for
the Society for six months, to the great edification of a
large congregation, though he too was an Abolitionist.
Other clergvinen came and went until the Autunni of
I'SoO, when Ri'V. Thomas S. Lathrop was settled as
pastor. Mr. Lathrop was horn in Jiridgewater, INlass.,
jind educated in Mea<lville Theological Seminary. He
came to Calais from \orthuml»erlan<l, Ta. lie was a
popular preacher, a pleasant, active citizen, and for
several years an eJlicient memlier of the School Conmiit-
tee. During his ministry, the church was generally well
filled and the Society i»rospcrous. lie remained hero
from Sept. 1, iHoO, to Oct. IHoO. He then moved to
Walpole, X. H., and from thence to Connecticut, where
ho married the widow of a Universalist clergyman,
(Rev. Henry Bacon,) and soon after formally alliliated
with that Denomination, with which he is still laboring
as an acceptable minister.
Rev. Hiram C. Duganne, at present, minister at
large in Lowell, Mass. supplied the pulpil from Nov. 1,
1^<5G, to May 1, l<sr>7. But the next pastor was Rev.
Inng
at
rMTAiMAN ( mucii. 127
.lacoh Caldwell, :i niilivt' of Liiiicnlmi-ir, Mass., aii<l a
l^raduato of Ilarvar.l. lie was a man of rcrvciit piety
and s})otl('ss |tnrity. Jicinu a deep, clear thiiiiaT and a
ready writer, it is said lie nevei- d«'livere(l a sermon that
was not lit lor the picss and worthy ol' puhlieation.
I'ossessinu: eonsideraltle pioperty. he labored lor a nom-
inal salary, and was satisjied with his wau'es. He ijn'at-
ly disliked deadheadism : always prelerriii«; to p:iy for
what he reeeived, and to he treated as a man an<l not
as a poor preacher. Of eourse he was hiuhly esteemed
hy all who knew him. Althonjjfh absent a part of the
time, he was the nominal past<jr from June I, ls,"»7, to
Nov. 1. l'S(»7. After leaving Calais he deeliiKMl to take
charge of any parisli :; and he has preached but little
since. He now resides in Elmira, N. Y. Dnring 1 ><.')•.)
and 00, Rev. H. A. l^hilbrook, then of Milltown, St.
Stephen, preached one sermon on Sunday, for the So-
ciety, for a year or more, w ith great acceptance.
Hev. Wm. G. Nowell, a native of Portsmonth, X.
H. and a graduate of Howdoin College and Harvard
Divinity School, began a })astorate »Jan. 1, 1<S()8, and
continued about two years. He manifested the quali-
ties of a profound scholar, line writer, easy speaker and
excellent manager of the Sunday-school. Since l.S7(),
he has devoted his talents almost exclusivelv to teach-
ft.
ing.
A change now came. For many years the Societ}'
had been growing weaker and weaker bv the death or
removal of many of its prominent members. The church
also was getting old and sadly in nei'd of extensive le-
pairs. Under these circumstances, in l'S70, one half
the building and lot was sold to the Cniversalist Society-.
The two Societies then conjointly remodelled and i-e-
r^ :
128
I'MTAItlAN (in I{( H.
paired tlic house, at a cost of nearly ^lO.OlK), and made
it a verv pleasant and liandsonie Clnncli. It was re-
dedieated Dee. 2.S. 1^70. Scinion l.y H<v. II. A IMiil-
hrook. IVayer l)y He v. Mi'. Cial'ts of Kastpoit. It
now received the name <>r"rni()n ('hnre!i."
In .Inne. 1-S7I. Rev. I.C. Knowltov from .New Hed-
fonl, Mass., hecame pastor of hotli Societies. Since
then, tlie memhers oC the imited societies, tiiou^h still
retaininj:, their respective names, have worked and wor-
shipped together in peace and alleetion : and the jiarish
is now enjoyin;i; a fair share of prosperity. It is triie
the U ni t aria n or<^anizat ion thon^h intact. Iiasliecome dor-
mant ; hntthe [>rinciples which it was formed to pronnd-
<ijate and defend, have never held a more u;eneral or
firm belief in town, than at the present tinn*. Thns
abundant success has cowne(l the etlbrts of those who
started and so lon^ and faithfully supj)orted the I'nita-
rian movement in Calais.
NKW.SI'APKUM.
]'2U
XVIII.
NKWHl'APKHFi.
Knowledjro is power, and n villaj-v iKnvHpnjHT is
knowlcdov inincHMl and diluted for popular use. Dur-
ing the first (garter of tl)e present eentury, either be-
cause there was not a burning thirst lor knowU-dge, or
because there were not so many important, part\^ pur-
poses to serve, newspai)ers were not so numerous as
they are in this enlightened and patriotic age. True,
in 1822 and jx'rhaps h>ng ]»efore, the enterprising peo-
ple of St. Andrews enjoyed the blessing of a weekly
l)ai)er printed by themselves ; but Calais and St. Ste-
phen did not indulge in this luxury until ten years later.
Since then, however, the early dearth has bei'., compen-
sated by a sui)erabundant supply. Sixteen or more hebdo-
matical sheets have arisen in thisvicinityand likeliterary
suns radiated their mental light among the i)eople. Four
of them still shine with brilliant lustre; the others have
gone down, to rise no more forever. Lack <^f patronage
was prol)a})ly the cause of their early and melanchoh
(iccline; and the ungrateful public has })een so inditfer-
ent about their fate, that not a single copy of them has
been preserved to give us an idea of their'sizes or mer-
its. All that I have been able to learn respecting them,
is contained in the following chronological sketch list :
' I r r f
l.'JO
NKWSPAl'KUS.
■'u
The first Olio thai Mp|>«'ar<'(l wuh the TfMKs & St.
Choix Advocatk ; .lolm Stuhhs. editor iiiul |)riut('r;
St. Stcplicii, 1H;J2. In politirs it was radical and ri'-
fonnatorv. It lan<riiislK'<l al)oiit a year, and then (|niet-
\y (li('(l.
The St. Ohoix ('oiRFKUia DciiMM-ratic slicct ; Ilani-
Ict HatcH, editor and |iui>lisli('r ; Calais, \h:VA. It ran
well Cora time, hnt nnlbrtunatcly, in Dec. IM.'M, while
(Jeji. .lackson's ainnial tnessa»i"e was in type, the entire
estahlishincnt was hnrne(l. and no I'luenix I'ver arose
Croin its sacred ashes.
The HijLNDAKY (Ja/.ktti:. a Whia; or<ian ; Henry 1*.
I'ratt. inana<2:er ; Calais, !>(:{;>. Il was owned, as a Uind
of stock conc<'rn, by Noah Smith. Wn\. DennniCi •!. S.
Pike and others. It reached and passed the lionndarv
ol'its existence, in a])out three years.
The l*i-ow AND Anvil, an A<!;ricnltnral and Flandi-
craft paper ; John K. Laskey, manager; St, Stephen,
lH;ir>. After i)lowin<»; and hannnerin*; a lew months,
Laskey l)e(%nme weary, and retired. John C/'ampbell
tlu^u took char<z;e, removed the imi)lements of in(histry,
and christenetl ti.i' sheet, the St. Stkimikn Cofhant.
In 1837, the types jind press were carrie<l to St. An-
drews, and tlie two-year-old pajx'r disappeared. ''No
hlanie was attached to Jiny one." A newspaper mania
had broken out. The American people were intensely
excited by political questions, and each party and clique
ventilated its principles and feelings in an "organ."
But the newly started papers in Calais were so destitute
of sterling merit, and the}' so clashed against and crowd-
ed each other, that though brilliant as rockets, mai^y of
them were obliged to submit to something like a iock-
et's fate.
NKWHl'AI'KKS.
181
Thi»(iAZKTTK AM) A i>v ki:ti>ki{, u Will*; piipcr ;
Snow an«l •lac'kson, |)ul)Iisli('rM ; Cnlnis, IJS.'WI. This slirct
roiitjiiiuMl the wilhcriMl rcmnins of tlir liouiKhirv (la-
/A'ttc and the incipu-iit ^I'lin of tlu> Calais Advi'itiser ;
l»nt neither e(»ul<l save it !'• Mn dissohition. Snow soon
melted awav tVoin the eonrern ; and Jackson after rnn-
ning it ah)iu' for some two ,<**irs, let it be shut down.
'J'he Kastkun Df.moi itAT. a Democratic paper ; »Iohn
Bent, pnhlisher ; Calais. IM.'U). For a tim»', (). L.
Hridi»;es, Ks(i..di<l tlu' editin*;. It was a Tilshnry pa-
per; and after Mr. rilsl)nrv failed of an elect nto C-on-
gross, there being no further need of the papei . it went
U) sleep.
The Tocsin, a Democratic, campaign paper; Hon.
Hion liradl)urv and lion. A. G. Chandler, editors; Cal-
ais, IH.'3G. This year then' was a fearfid split in the
Democratic party. Both Mr. I'ilsbmy and Mr. Chand-
ler desired to represent their Dist»ict in Congress; and
for several months the Tocsin sounded incessant peals
of alarm. But the election of a Whig, in November,
(juieted the anxiety, and the ominous bel) never rang
again.
The Down Kastkk, an echo from the Tocsin ; Benj.
Williams, editor, \V. K. Snow, Publisher; Milltown,
Calais, 18.'57. It was prolonged, though continually
growing fainter, over a year. It was issued ••under the
direction of Jeremiah Curtis, Seth Emerson and Joseph
N. Prescott, for the proprietors." It was Demociatic.
The Fkontiku JouHNAi., Democratic; J. C. Wash-
burn and son ; Calais, IHSH. A year or two after its
birth, it passed into the hands of (ien. Kendol Whid-
den, and Lucius Bradbury became editor. In 1M41,
W. K. Snow took ciiarge of it. He kept its head above
TT-n
It
132
NEWSPAPERS.
water about two years, wb-^n he and the paper died to-
gether. And since that mournful day. no Democratic
paper has been published in Calais.
The CiiiiiSTiAN Watchman, a Baptist paper; J. C.
Washburn and Son ; Calais, 1838. The Baptists in the
vicinity not desiring a watchman over their fold, the
only pious paper ever issued in theSchoodic valley, died
at the tender age of one year.
The Calais Advertiser, Whig and afterwards Re-
publican ; John Jackson, editor and publisher ; Calais,
1841. Since then, every week for thirty-four longyears,
this paper has advertised its existence and given a sutn-
niary of the current news ; and Mr. Jackson is still its
veteran owner and manager. From time to time, va-
rious gentlemen have let their light shine in its editorial
columns, and helped on some good cause ;and no doubt
it will long continue to radiate the wiy:Iom of the East.
A paper called the Provincial Patriot was born,
spent its ephemeral existence and perished, some ten or
fifteen years ago ; hut sufficient data do not remain to
frame lor it an elaborate epitaph.
The Charlotte Advocate, managed by Mr. Clinch,
and subsequently by J. G. Lorimer, a spicy sheet, was
published in St. Stepheri for several years, beginning
prior to 1860. But, unhappy Charlotte was called to
mourn her w'tty aivoca">^ deceased.
The St. Croix Herald was star^.ed in St. Stephen
by J, S. Hay. In 1861, some depraved anin.als that
did not like that kind of hay, broke Into his office and
distributed his type and piess in a very unartistic man-
ner. Mi . Hay gathered the debris, brought them to Cal-
ais, and resumed the publication of his paper. In 1864,
he enlisted in the U, S. array ; after which John Seara
Iian-
;ai-
lears
NEWSPArEUS.
133
" (
continued the paper for a few months, when the Herald
tleparted to return uo more.
In 18G5 Diivid Main, Esq., purchased the
types and press of tlie Herald, moved it again to St.
Stephen and commenced publishing the St. Croix
(,'ouRiEii, Mr. Main's tact, skill ond energy has made
the Courier ever since the main paper in St. Ste[)hen.
In 18G9 or 70, S. G. Ames started a small paper
in St. Stephen, called the Schoodic Times. But not
prospering overmuch, in 1871 , the types and press found
their way across the river, and were set up in Pool's
Block. Soon after, C. R. Whidden, Jr., purchased them
and issued the Calais Times, a wide-awake, newsy, in-
dependent paper, that bids fair to enjoy a prolonged
continuance of good times.
The St. Stephen Journal ; James Dow, editor
and proprietor ; St. Stephen, 1871. This is the last, but
by no means the least, of our many papers. Having
now four, well conducted journals, though as 3'et desti-
tute of a daily, our citizens feel safe and happ}' in the
conviction that all their news and business, trials and
triumphs, will be made known to the world.
#
I I
134
FIKST BAPTIST CHUIUJH, — CALAIS.
XIX.
IsL BAI'7'IST CHURCH— CALAIS.
To I)oa. Snimiol Kolley, uii<ler Divine I'lovidtMicf,
the Baptist eliiirelies in Calaii-. and viciiiityowe theirori-
gin and much of their prosperity. lie and iiis devoted
wife were tlie first Baptists in town. When he came
here in 1H21, there was no living Church of any kind,
in Calais. A Methodist Class of some twenty zealous
members were holding weekly evening meetings for
prayer and mutual edilication, hut no clergyman resid-
ed in the i)lace, and no regular service was held on the
Sabhath day. For more than thirty years, the widely
separated and perhaps not ovei* pious settlers had wor-
shii>ped without any resident priest or suitable sanctuary.
excei)t during the brief excitement under Mr. Asbury ;
and even then the meeting-house was a second-hand
and shabby affair. But better days were coming, and
while patiently waiting, Dea. Kelley earnestl}^ prayed
for their advent. In hs-io, an angel cuiue down and
troubled the waters, but the Congregationalists first
stepped into its energizing influence, and resolved to
erect a meeting-house adequate to the need of the town.
Seeing no immediate prospect of gathering a Church of
his own faith, the unselfish Deacon generously opened
his purse and lent his influence to the Congregational
first
1(1 to
low 11.
Ich of
[ened
lioiuil
FIUST HAl'TIST CIHIKII, CALAIS. 135
mov(uiient. He <rave li.-ilf the Itiiui for the new mect-
iiiii-liouse, l)<)iigl).t one of its liiizliest priced pews, help-
ed or<^:iiiize its Smuhiy-sehool uiid served as its first
Superinteii(h'nt. lie did all he eonseieiitioiisl^' could;
but he still retained his oritrinal religious sentiments,
and longed to work and worship among brothers ami
sisters of his own cherishe<l fairh.
At length, in \H'\->, God's good time came, and the
many prayers of his pious children began to be answer-
ed. Early in that year, under the faithful and power-
fully persuasive i)reaching of Rev. Samuel Robinson,
a great revival of religious interest began in Calais ; and
within a year, scores of people publicly professed fnith
in Christ and hope of salvation through his grace. Mr.
Robinson was a Baptist, and ot course many of the new
converts adopted his peculiar views. As a result, May
18, 1«32, in the Congregationnl meeting-house, to the
great joy of those interested, the 1st. Baptist Chuivh in
Calais was duly organized. It contained eleven mem-
bers, viz : — Samuel Kelley and wife, Elijah Stearns,
Christopher C. Farrar, Dexter II. Woodcock, James
Sargent, Mercy Todd, Elizabeth Veasey, Hannah Hoyt,
Marv Hamlin and Isaac Hamlin, a hrother of Hon.
Hannibal Hamlin, the Vice l*resident of the U. S. under
Abraham Lincoln. Only two of these persons, S. Kel-
ley and C. C. Farrar of Topstield, are now living. It
was a small Church., but its faith, hoi)e and zeal were
g 'eat ; and hence its ultimate growth and fruit far ex-
ceeded the expectation of the most sanguine. Many
people came five or six miles to attend its meetings,
and so great was the excitement, and so numerous the
additions, that Aug., 1832, only three months after its
first start, forty of its members residing near the Ledge
i\
t
136 KIUST nAl»TIST CIIUUCH, — CALAIS.
in St. Stephen, were set ofi' and organized into a sepa-
rate Church, in that phiee. Soon after, Dea. A. D.
Thompson, whose widow is now the wife of Dea. S.
Kelley, was ordaineiJ as a minister and installed as the
pastor of the Ledge Society. Subsequently a comfort-
able meeting-house was erected for its accommodation,
and the faithful little Church is still alive and busily at
work in the Master's Vineyard.
The great need of a n>eetii.g-house for the parent
Society soon became apparent, and the steps necessar}'
to supply the want, were soon taken. The selection of
a location was judicious. The Congregational house
was large enough to accomiiodate all the church-going
people in that part of the town. Milltown, though a
large and thriving village, had no church edifice. It
was therefore decided that Milltown was the proper
place for the new house. A site Cxiutrall}' and pleas-
antly located was given to the Society by the late Benj.
F. Waite. and the work of building at once commenc-
ed. The day on which the corner stone was laid, in
1833, was very tine, a large audience assembled to wit-
ness the ceremony, an appropriate and stirring address
was delivered by Rev. Mr. Kobinson, and the heart of
every Baptist present throbbed with hope and gladness.
The building was erected under the supervision of Dea.
Kelle3^ It was dedicated in June, 1834. The sermon
was delivered by Rev. Mr Curtis of St. Johr., N. H. ;
and thus the 1st. Baptist Church in Calais wheeled into
line ; young, strong, active, and ''thoroughly furnished
for every good work."
A Church nuist work or die, and a genuine Christ-
ian will work. The Master said, "Go ye into all the
world, and preach the Gospel to every creature ;" and
FinST UAPTIST cmillCH, — CALAIS.
i;r
hrist-
the
and
iTioved b}' those considerations, Sept. 11, 1M34, tlu'
Clnircli resolved itself into a missionnry soeii'tv ealled
the "•Eastern Haptist (.Quarterly Conference ;" whose
objects were to dissemiiiate the()ios|)el and awaken an
interest in reb<>ion wherever a hearing eonld be obtain-
ed. Tliis society has held njany nn'ctings in all the
re«ijion round about Calais, and added not a little to ilie
prosperity of the Baptist Denomination. It still exists
and works^ vitjorons as ever.
The lirst pastor of the Society was Kcv. ^V. II.
Beekwith, who is now residing in Nashwaak, N. B. lie
was a good man and a faithful worker ; l)ut realizing
that he did not fully satisfy the expectation of the peo-
ple, he retired from the field soon after the dedication of
the meeting-house.
The second pastor was Bev. Kdwmd N. Harris.
He appears to have been a preacher of marked aliility ;
but being discouraged by tlie general apathy in religicjus
affairs and the small number of conversions, he rc.'sign-
ed, April 10, IfS-'Jo. Soon alter, he took charge of a So-
ciety in Haverhill, INIass. lie now resides in Kho<ie Is-
land.
The liiird pastor was Hev. James Iluckins, to whom
a call was given in Oct. \K3i). The ti<le of religious
interest that flooded the whole country the next year,
was already rising, and Mr. Iluckins was just the man
for the emergency. He entered into the work with all
his glowing soul. He was earnest. elo(iuent and untir-
ing ; and the fruit of his labors was the 'addition to the
Church of loO new members. So great was the prosper-
ity and at length so full and crowded became the Fold,
that Ma3' 23, 1^^38, thirty-seven members were set off
and organized into a separate Church, in Baring. This
7 'Ti
188
FIUST J'.AITIST ClIUKCn, — CALAIS.
olfslioot. iulioritinLC the vigor and tenacity of its parent,
is still alive and llourisliing.
But as the fairest day may be marred l\y a temi)est,
so Zion is ever liable to commotion and change. The
Antlsliivcry agitation, slowly gaining in strength and
power, at last reached Calais, and here as elsewhere,
created distuihance and trouble. In the Summer of
lHli<S, a Mr. Codding, sent thiough the instrumentality
of that staunch Abolitionist. Gen. Samuel Fessenden of
Portland, came to Calais to lecture oii the sin and wrong
of Negro shivery. Of course, lectures of this kind
could not injuie i he business or morals of the town ; but
there were politicians who feared that Codding might
damage their party and [)revent themselves or friends
being elected to olilce ; and hence they set their faces
against him ; and some of these men were supporters of
the Htiptist Society. Accordingly when Mr. Codding
asked permis^sion to deliver a course of lectures in the
Ba[)tist meeting-house, Hon. T. .J. D. Fuller and others
stremiously opposed granting his request. Others were
in favor of it, and a sharp discussion arose ; and it was
predicted if not threaten, d, that if Codding Jittempted
to lecture in the village, a riot would ensue and serious
damage be done. Rev. Mr. Huckins unhappily sided
with the pro-slavery clique. Dea. Kelley however, who
controlled over half the house and felt a deep interest
in the down trodden colored race, decided to open the
building for the lectures, even at the risk of its being
torn down or burned by a mob. Mr. Codding accord-
ingly delivered his pungent course of lectures from the
Baptist pulpit, to large audiences, and without any dis-
turbance ; though when he repeated thetn the next week
in the Town Hall, he was liberally pelted with rotten
FIHST BAPTIST CllUItril, — CALAIS.
VM
were
t was
mpted
erious
sided
, who
itercst
u the
being
iccord-
ra the
ny dis-
t week
rotten
eggs. Tlie results of this opisoiU', (so lionorahio to tlie
fearless Deacon.) were a lar<ie increase of Aholilionism
in Calais, and the resignntion of Kov. Mr, IlucUins. It
is [)roimble that he acted conscieiitionsly in the aifair,
but ill the then existing state of feeling, his longer stay
was not deenit<l i)olitic : and in Sept. \HoH, the Church
accepteii his resignation and gave him a letter of recom-
mendation to any Society that might desire his services,
lie lett antl went to Texas !
The fourth pastor, was the talented, energetic and
eloquent Rev. E. D. Very. He began his pastorate in
Dec. 1838, and the Church at once resumed the even
and prosperous tenor of its way. As a whole, its anti-
slaverv element made it stronijrer and more resoectable,
and Dec. 21), 1841, the thrifty old Hive swarmed again.
The village at "Salt-water," was outgrowing Milltovvn ;
several prominent Baptists resided there ; and after ma-
ture deliberation, fifty members of the 1st. Church were
set off and organizeil iuto the 2nd. 15ai)tist Church in
Calais. Rev. Mr. Very went with the new Society, and
thus closed his pastorate in Milltown. Subsecjuently
he became the Editor of the ""Christian Visitor," a re-
ligious paper |)ublished in St. John, X. 15. In 18o6, he
was accidentally drowned.
The filth pastor was Rev. Wm. N. Sla»on, from
Rembroke, who began to supply the pulpit in Feb. 1842.
He was an emotional speaker of considerable ability ;
and a revival of religious interest at once became mani-
fest. This continued for several months, and many ad-
ditions were made to the Church. But the last oH'shoot
so considerably weakened the financial ability of the
Society' that in the following December, Mr. Slason be-
gan preaching on alternate Sabbaths, in Milltown and
tlfir
no
KIUST IIAPTIHT (III'IICII, — fALAfS.
Ill
liiiiinu:. This continued until .liin. 2r». 1844, when he
rcsiirncd nnd rcniovcHl to take chMij^c of a Church in
I*:irsonsli<'l(l, Mc.
Tlie sixth i)nstor. Kov. Alien Hmitowh of Ellsworth,
was ('l('(!tc(l April 2«, 1H44. Ho held ihe oflico four
years, and then removed to Kast Machias. The parish
stained in streni^th duriniz; iiis ministry, thouii'h no event
of special interest transpired.
The next pastor. Rev. J, W. Liiwton, was chosen
May T), 1840. The next year. Aujr. J), hSaO, the meet-
in<>-house accidentally caught fire and burned to the
jjjround ; and Mr. Lawton's pastorate ended. It was a
great misfortune, but no one proi)osed to let their be-
loved Church die. Mr. Lawton went away, but the
faithful, self sacridcing Rev. A. I). Thompson of St.
Andrews, eanse and preached in a school-house, a part
of the- time for the next two years, meanwhile the en-
er<rv and means of the Society were mainly devoted to
the erection of a new place of worship. It was at len^jth
finished and <ledicated Sept. 20, 1852.
Once more the Church had a home and was ready
for ag<z;i*essive work. The pul[)it was regularly sup-
plied ; but owing to the dei)letion of its Treasur}' and
perhaps a little fastidiousness, no pastor was secured
until Sept. 9. 1853, when Rev. I. J. Burgess was in-
<lucted into the sacred office, and continued in it two
years. After that, the Society does not appear to have
been very prosperous for a long period. During many
years, various clerg3'men supplied the pulpit a few
weeks or months at a time, until at length a permanent
ministry was again established. Rev. C. C. Lang serv-
ed as pastor from Sept. 1868 to May, 1870. The next
November, Rev. R. D. Porter became pastor, and he is
FIRST HAPTI8T CIIl U(-II,_CALAIS. HI
Htill rotni.uHl. In 1871, the .nootin-lunise was m,air-
oA and painted at a eost nf$(m, and in I,s72 the So
cietj expen.led §;50()(), in bnil.lin^r ,, parsonage. Since
then, the Chnreh has enjoyed a good decrree of peace
and pros,)erit.v, and there is every reason to believe
Miat It wdl lonjr remain one of the substantial and well
ordered Societies of Calais.
^
I ' I" ■
142
HANKS AND INSimANCE.
'ii
if
■
1
bi
1
i
1 ^
XX.
BANKS AND INSURANCE.
R'oni tliolr first scttlonient to the prcstMit day, the
princ'ipalhusineHs of Cahils mid St. St('|)heii has been
hmibcrinjjj ; and to carry on this l)usiiiess sueeessfully,
u largo amount of capital is recpiircd. In lively times,
not only hundreds of thousands of dollars are })aid to
the workmen at home, in a year, hut much more is re-
ceived from western towns, in exchange lor the cargoes
of lumber shipped to them. Hence, at an early (la>',
the operators on the St. Croix felt the need of a liank
of exchange and discount ; and as soon as their means
and courage warranted the proceeding, directed their
attention to this subject.
The Calais Bank was chartered in 1831, and went
into operation in Jan. 1832, with a capital of $100,000.
The first President was Hon. Geo. Downes ; the second
and present President is Josei)h A. Lee. Its first Cash-
ier was J. J. Lee; its second, was Wm. Deming ; its
third and })resent Cashier is Frank Nelson. In the ups
and downs of business, it has had manv a dark day,
and met with many a heavy loss ; but it has never failed
to redeem "itp. paper, and it did not suspend specie pay-
ment until compelled to, by the Banking Act, passed
durinii' the "rreat Rebellion. This Bank is still in exist-
IJANKS AND INSUKANCK
1 13
oneo, and doing ji large, safe and pr()rital)lo amonnt of
1
Mismoss.
In the llnsh times of l«iJ(), when everybody had a
speeulation mania, the Washington Connly Hank with
a capital oi* 6'')0,()0(), came into existence; He ndol
Whldden, President, and Seth Emerst)n, Casiru'r. Not
long after however Mr. Emerson became President and
Harrison Tweed, Cashier, lint the managers of this
institntion were not trained bankers, tlie business re-
vulsion of l.S.'JT came on, and worse than all, a set of
New York swindlers ma<le the Hank their prey, and in
a few years it went down with a crash. Its bills be-
came entirely worthless, and the stockholders lost heav-
ily by its failure.
The same year, 18136, the St. Croix Bank with a
cai)ital of S')0,00(), went into operation. Cyrus Hamlin
was its first President, and Jeremiah Curtis, its second.
J. IS. Pike was Cashier. There was not legitimate busi-
ness enough to support three Hanks ; and from similar
causes, it soon shared the fate of its cotemporary. Hut
its failure was not quite so disastrous. It redeemed
its paper and i)ai(l its stockholders, fourteen per cent,
of their investment. Mr. Curtis although a poor bank-
er, succeeded admirably in the patent medecine line.
He went to New York, engaged in the Soothing Syrup
bnsiness, a la Mrs. Winslow, and became a millionaire.
Mr. Pike also in other occupations has proved himself
a man of no small ability.
The same year, 188G, the St. Steplien Bank com-
n^^nced business with a capital of $100,000. The offi-
cers were Nehemiah Marks, President ; David Upton,
Cashier ; G. D. King, Robert Lindsay, Wm. Porter,
James Allen, R. M. Todd, Robt. Watson, Henr^- East-
1-^
111
HANKM AND INSIKANCE,
11
iiii
> 1
*ll^
II
inMii, (i. S. Hill, Directors. Tills Uniik has doiio a
larjjjc !U)(I i)r()lital)U' business ; and it is still a sound and
prosperous corporati The Presidents have been N.
Miuks, Win. Porter, . I). Kiiii;. Win. Todd, and S.
II. IIiteliiii«xs. At present, F. II. Todd is l*resid(>nt,
and Kol»t. Watson, Cashier.
The Calais Savinj^s IJank was incorporated Mar.
14, l^idl. Kor a time, in the distracted years of the
war, the (leposits came in slowly ; but of late the insti-
tution has won public confidence, and more people in
the vicinity realize the advaiita<j^es of puttin<jj their mon-
ey on interest, and hoardiii}^ a fund for futiue contin-
gencies. Tlu' Bank pays a semi-annual dividend of
three per cenf. Th' louiit on dei)osit. Mar. 1, ISTo,
was $271,141. Tlu ease during the past two years
has been about $)}.'), 000 per annum. Its ofllcers are, E.
A. Barnard, President ; J. A. Lee, Secretary and Treas-
urer ; T. J. Copeland, Daniel Hill, II. N. Mill, C. K.
Swan, (1. E. Downes, Win. Duren, Win. Deming, and
Frank Nelson, Trustees. The stability aiul future
usefulness of this excellent institution, seem to be as-
sured beyond a doubt.
The St. Stephen branch of the Bank of British
North AmericM, was estalilishe(l in May, 1H70. This
Bank has a ca[)ital of one million [)ounds sterling. Its
home ollice is in London ; ])ut it has branches or agents
in almost all parts of the world. The St. Stephen
branch issues bills, lonns monev, and like a savings
bank pays live per cent, interest [)er annum on dei)osits.
It has an unlimited amount of capital, and does a large
business. In isT.'), it erected, of Dorchester freestone,
an (>legant and comnuxlioiis bank building, at a cost of
$40. ()()(). In every respect it appears to be a permanent
HANKS AM» IN'srUANCK
\\i
, ana
Cut lire
as-
iritisli
This
Its
locnts
.pi
U'll
IVlllLJS
K)S
its.
lar<2;e
4()ne,
tof
Mid tnistwortliy iiistihitioii. Its otliccrs arc Messrs.
lliirns, Mun.'i^cr; Tnylor, Act'oniitaiit ; Morrison. Toi-
ler ; McAilani. Discount (Mrrk ; Mn(l( JrinuutT. Assistant.
In lH;i(;, tiu' Calais Mutual insurance Conjpanv
was organized ; Samuel Kcllcy. IVcsiilcnt. Luther liiack-
ott, SccTctjirv. It <li(l a small luisiness lor two oitliit'i'
yoais, and then lor want of patronams expired. It
l>rou}i,iit no jireat jj^ain or loss to anyone.
Ahout IH.VI, a Mutual Marine Insurance Company
was oiijanized in St. Stephen. For a lew years it did
a «^o<m1 liusiness ; and tlu'U hy mutual consent it was
dissolved. Not far from tiie same time, a similar in-
stitution was orji'anized in Calais, and it went through
altout the same phases of success and failure, lint in
l'S72, a company was forme(l in Calais, callccl the St.
Croix. Lloyds. It insures only the IVei<iht of vessels,
makes no dividends, and pays for losses hy assessments
on its menilters. Its olllcers are. F. II. Todd, Presi-
dent ; A. 11. Sawyer, Secretary, who also has the power
of attorney to act for the com[)any ; E. C. (iates, ,Ias.
Murchie, L. L. Wadsworth. Jr.. Wm. Duren, F. II.
Todd, F.A. Pike, C. F. Todd, Directors. This insti-
tution is in oood workin}4' order, and jfives entire satis-
faetion to those interested.
^
los
anont
IM! rM\ i;i{>Ai.isr < inuciF. — Miu/KmN a < ai.ais.*
XXI.
UNI rEitsA L 1ST cnrnciT,
MILLTO WN A ND CA LA IS.
The iiionccr inn new sctllcincnt. is o-ciHTitlly Itrnvc.
♦'nor<ri'tic. scH'-rc lijiiit mikI iiKiiiisitivc Ih'isji (•.•ireful
studciil of 111(11. nature mikI tlieories. He does liis own
tliinkin^" nnd tries to satisfy his own uood judgment.
lie may err. hiit he ine;nis to uo on to i)erfeeti(jn. 'Vhv
vvihlerness stir.s iiis inner nature, and renders him a
seei<er after truth and riuiit. It is therefore [)ossihle
If not ju'ohalile that from the lirsl. some of the iiartly
setth'rs of Cahiis and St. Stephen donhted tlie correct-
ness of tile then popular tiieolouy ; hut tlicre is no rec-
ord or tradition of distinctive rniversalisin priorto ISH).
Ill Dec. oftliatyear. Rev. Duncan M'CoU of St.
»Stei)!;eii, wlio was well ac(iuaiiited with the reliuious
opinions of all the people on each side of the river,
preached a lon<i" sermon a<2:ainst rniversalisin; (piotino',
reviewinu" and tryin<i' to disprove the theories of James
Kelly and -loim Murray. There must have 1»een some
Iniversalists in tlie vicinity, for otherwise such a ser-
mon wt)uld not have been needed. A few UK^ntlis later,
1. e. in March, 1H20, he delivered in St. Stephen, an-
other discourse a<iainst rniversalisin, in which he as-
serts that the Universalists "are spreadin«»' hooks and
rSlVKIiSALIST (IHKrH,
MII,I/rnWN .<i ( ALAIS.
11
»rnvi'.
•nrclnl
■< own
Ijiiii :i
)ssiltU'
hiinlv
( >rr(
ct-
()
f St,
lliiiious
river.
liotinii':
Jjunes
h sonu'
a sel-
ls hitor,
n.
iin-
Ihe as-
loadiiiiX jM'oplc jistiMV." To wlioiii lie alludt's. is not
known : hut anjonji' tlu'in wcih' jn'obahly M;iJ. \\. Ucad-
injn'. Col. .1. Wliitncv. .lanu's lirown Ks<{., aii'l oUhts,
riu' next vi'Mi' in- allndes to tlieni aiiain. as ifthrv ti"onl>-
!(>(
1 hi
ni.
ks an(
1
Hilt exeept this, till 1X2(), theiT ;ire no n'/onls in
existence e<)ntainin<»; any infbrniation on this point.
The hnrning- of the Milltown ehnrch in l^.'yl. and the
great, 1X70 lire in (':dais. consnnied all the hooks con-
taininii' the procee(lin*i;s of the Iniversalist Society.
Bnt fortnnately, Mrs. Sarah Lowell, who cainc to C'al-
ais in .lannarv. 1.S2."). has preserved in her diary, a faith-
ful acconnt of" all the prominent events in the parish,
lVo)n then to the present time: and from her copious
niamiscri|)ts, many of the followin«>' facts and dates ha\'e
licen <i:atliei'ed.
From an article in the(iospel IJanneiof Auu". \Xi\').
li'iving an account of statements made hv the late lion.
.James Brown of St. David. X. IJ.. we leain that Kev.
•Joseph Hntteifield from the western part <d' Maine, was
the first L'niversalist ministct- (hat preached in this vi-
cinity. This ;mist have heen prior to 1H2."). lie was
not a man of nuich note : hut he isdescrihed as a "( 'hiis-
tian iicntleman and an cxtem[)oraneous speaker of pleas-
inn" address." He did not I'emain lon«i' ; hut his unolt-
trusive visit opened the door for others to enter, and
touched the sprinji; of lastimj; results.
I'roltahly the next I'nivei-salist clerii:yman that visit-
ed Calais, was Rev. Sylvanus Cohlt. 1). 1).. then of
Waterville, Me., but afterwards of Boston. Mass., where
lie started and for many years published a relii^ious pa-
per called the "Christian Frt'cnuu!." Aft«'r a lon<x and
tedious voyajjje from Belfast iu the steamer oi' schonuer
f 'T
i i \m
}:■
148 l.XIVKIiSALIST CHURCII. — MILLTOWN A CALAIS.
Patent-, V'.\\)t. Cram, he jinlviM] in Kasti>()rt too late in
tlic wi'ck to iiuH't his first SuiKJny a|)[)ointin('nt in Calais.
Hilt ho wasted no time. He <>:j)ve two lectures each in
Kaslport, liohhinstoii, St. Stt'iiiieii and St. David, and
l)reaehed in Calais on the Sundays ol' Oct. 22 and 21),
l><2(). He was a pleasant man, well versed in Scrip-
ture, a good reader, a clear reasoner, and an imi)ressive
emotional speaker. His sermons seldom failed to con-
vince the intellect and warm the heart of every candid
listener; and beyond a donht, the ultimate result of his
labor here, was the establishment of a })ermanent So-
ciety. His home while in town was with the late Maj.
E. Keadinjj* ; but he has long since gone to the blessed
liome on high.
In September, 1827, Kev. Lafayette Mace came to
Calais and preached six weeks. He was introduced to
the people by Col. Joseph Whitney who at the time
appears to have been greatly interested in Lil)eral
Christianity. The meetings of Mr. Mace were held in a
school-house opposite the present residence of Capt.
Seth Emerson. He was a sincere though not an effect-
ive speaker ; yet his brief pastorate served to keep alive
and growing the nascent soul of the Churcli that was
coming.
The next year, 1828, the eloquent and inspiring
Rev. J. xi. Dods of Union, Me., came to Calais on a
preaching tour. There are some intimations that he had
been here before. He was educated for the Congrega-
tional niilpit and for a time had studieil in tlie Bangor
Theological Seminary ; l)ut in earl}' manhood he em-
braced a broader faith, and became one of its most able
and earnest advocates. He memorized large portions
of the Bible, and well understood their meaning. He
UNIVKUMALrST ClIlKCIl. Mll-LTOWN .t ( ALAIS.
1 liJ
il in a
Capt.
'ttect-
alive
was
piring
on a
le had
rrotjja-
angor
He
was a keen obsorvcr, an acute rcasoncr and a rapid,
lively, interesting s[)ealver. He preached wlieneveraiid
wherever lie couhl gathei' an audience, and scMoiu Tail-
ed to convert some of his liearers to his way of tliiiiU-
iug. The Sunchiy he preached in Dyer's Hall, Calais,
only one lady, Mrs. Jonas Kice. ventured to trust her-
self within the tasciuatiiU!!; sound of his voice. liut at
Milltown, more peoi)le Hcx'ked to heai- him, than the
little school-house could accommodate ; and not a lew
had to stand outside and listen through the windows.
So great was his i)opularity, that an etfort was made to
secure his services as a settled pastor. — a step thiit
should have been taken ; but at the su.ggestion of some
over-scrui)ulous meddlers in the western i)art of the
State, the [)romising project was abandoned, and the
goldeii oi)portunity lost. It appears from a remark in
bis dedication sermon, that Mr. Dods was here again in
1829, but there is no other account of his visit. Cer-
tainly he vas the people's favorite, and tlierefore he
ought to have come again.
Thus the Abrahamie faith was planted and firiiily
rooted in Schoodic valle}' ; and although n(» Society was
organized, and no pastor employed for the next hall"
dozen years, it did not die out or even become weak.
The occasional visits and sermons of itinerant clergy-
men, tiie joyous connnunion of the believers, and the si-
lent but potent ministration of books and papers, *vere
steadily preparing the way for the advent of a new dis-
pensation.
It came. In the latter part of 1835, alter the usual
preliminaries. Rev. Wm. S. Clark of Lubec, received
and accepted an invitation from the Universalists of
Milltown, to become their pastor. Business began.
^m^
liV) rxiVKKSAi.isT nirncii, — Mii.i/rowx a Calais.
Mr. C'huk wms m poculijir mjm. aiwl in soiiio rt's|)octM
iinpU'MSMiitIv ('(•(•(Mitrif : Imt his fliioncy of spoocli, zoal
for tlio cniiso. .mii^I iiictliodic.'il iiiimncr of woikintj, rcn-
dororl him :u» clliciciit jukI sucoossfiil ininistcr. I Ms
sermon priutjM] in iMSd, nnd liis ••Friendly lottor to Hev.
Mr. Ilnckiiis." i)nl>lish('(l soon iiftiT. prove him n sharp
and Jilih' controvorsiidist.
In the (»Mrly p;irt of I.S.'jO, lie or«j:ani/«'(l a I'niver-
salist Society in Milltown, composed of some of the old-
est an<l hest families on each sid<M)f the rix'ei'. The re-
cords are lost, hut the folloNvini£ pei'sons ai'e remomher-
ed as a portion of the members: Mr. and INIrs. Joel
Whitney, Mr. and ^Irs, 'i'ha<ldeus Ames. Mr. and Mrs.
Win. Lovejoy. Mr. and Mrs. Henhen Lowell, and Hor-
ace Hamilton. It was a <):lad day: for the step was
important and the work was )neant to he permanent.
In M;iy of Mie same yeai', a Snnday-school was orijan-
ized ; and although it was generally suspended dnrinj;
tlui Winter, and snhsecinently moved to Milltown. X.
H., and llnally lo Calais, it lives and tVonrishes to-day.
Its anniversary is the lirst Sniuhiy in May.
In IS^M), Mr. Clark retired, and Ehenezer Fisher.
1). I)., a native of Charlotte, Me., ami now President of
Canton Theoloiiical School in New York, took his place
as pastor. He remained only six months, but his fer-
vent piety, Christian deportment, and lucid expositions
of the Gospel, imparted tone and streng'th totheyouno:
Society. Ahout this time or a little earlier, a commo-
dious church was huilt in Milltown, Me. : and some of
the I'niversalisis supposinjjj its puli)it would he free to
their nnnisteis a [)art of the time, assisted in paying
the liills. The p(»licy was bad ; for the pv•"^session of a
part of a church is always a hindrance to a growintj; So-
INIVKHSAI.IST CIUKMII. — MII.I.T<»\VN .V ( AI.AI.-.
i:.i
N.
f-<lt>V.
^hor
Ml
t of
|)l!lCP
lor-
Itiona
Inmo-
of
H' to
jyiiigr
lof a
)0-
(Mi'ty that lU'C.ls a nuu'tin<; cviMV Sunday. Fortunately
tlu' oiilirc control ot' tin* l)ui!(lin<i; lnM-amc legally vested
in another Society, and tlio I'niversalists continued to
worship in the huniliU' iMit free school house until they
erected a church wholly theii' own. Thus, often, dis-
aj)i)ointinents result in l>lessinjj,s.
In 1.S40, Rev. Amos Ilitchiniis ofWawei^, St. An
drevvs, N. B., assumed the duties of pastoi'. From his
rural home and unostentatious mauners, he was some-
times facetiously calletl the "'Hurnt land ()reacher." I>ut
he was a i 'maikalHy clear headetj and waini heaited
"•inau of Clod" : and hence his ministry was hountifully
blessed. lie ''passiMl on hi'fore," several years ajj^o. in
Auburn, Me.
The next year, the Society built a small but pleas-
ant meetinir-house in Milltown,N. 1). It was loeate<l
on tiiat side ol the rivei" [>artly because a majority o!"
the brethren lived there, and partly because a better
site could there be obtained. It was dedicated, Sept.
28, 1841. The sermon was delivered by that ehxpuMit
favorite of the Society, Rev. .1. I>. Dods. His text was
I Kings vi. 7, and the discourse was printed in pam-
phlet form with the title of "HuildiiiLf Sermon." It was
an ijifjjenious and i)owerful Hible arj^umont in i)roof of
his religious theory- interspersed with many a strain of
tender pathos. It was a great, happy and hopeful day
for the Society. Having a home of its own, it now pre-
pared to attend to its spirit;ial liousehold duties. Ac-
(3ordingly a Church — a Household of faith, was duly in-
stituted, and the sacramental rites of Haptism and the
Lord's Supper wore ap[)r()priatel3' observed. The mem-
bers so far as is now recollected, were Mr. and Mrs.
.Foel Whitney, Mr. and Mrs. Joel Hill, Mr. and Mrs.
r^"""""*
ir)2 TrXIVKItSAMST rlKuril. — Mri.LT<jWN & CALAIS.
Samuel Il.ill. Mr. .iiid Mrs. Ahticr Hill. Mr. .'ind Afra.
WarrcMi ll.'ivc'ock, Mr. and Mrs. Daniel Harmon, Mr.
.lames haixley. and Mrs. Seth Todd. This was an im-
portant movement in the rl^lit direetion ; and if at that
time, more of the ('on<j:reii,!ition had "pnton the vvhole
armor of (iod" and alliliat<Ml with the Chureii, both the
parish and the eause wonld have onjoved a largely in-
creased prosperity. Hnt i)reeious opportnni ties are oft-
en r"<i;leeted by even the wise.
Mr. Hitehini;s conld plant acbnirably. but he had
not a "renins for enltnrinu or harvesting;. His work
was done in Millt(»wn, and early in bS42, he resi<j:ned
and left; and in Mar<*h of the same year, Rev. W. C
(ieorge, M. I)., by nnanimons invitation assinned the
pastorate of the Society. He was well educated, talent-
ed, prudent and ucnial. He often visited his pnrish-
ioners, and in a manly way won tlio contidence and le-
spect of the entire community. He preached excellent
sermons, an<l his meetin<2;s were well attended and prof-
itable. Dnrini; his ministry, all the parish wheels run
smoothly, and the Society rose to the rank of a perma-
nent, prosperous Christian Church, to which it was an
honor and a benelit to belon«j;.
In Oct. 1S44, Mr. George went away for a brief
peiio<l to attend medical lectures ; and during his six
months absence. Rev. J.C^. Henry sui)plied the pulpit.
He is remembered as a good man and minister ; a work-
man that deserved respect and atiection. In accordance
with his counsel, the hidies formed a "Social Sewing
Circle" to promote friendshii)and aid the Sunday-school
and Society. Its meetings were well attended and har-
monious : and it contributed laruely not onlv to the
funds in the treasury, but also to the unity an<] strength
UNIVKHSALIST <'ni ifCII, — MILI.TOWN A CALAIS.
1 ;■);$
of the parisli. Tlio Ciicl*' contimiod itw loirnlur inct't-
iiijzs for inon- tlwiu twenty- live yours, aiul did u yast
nniouiit of fjfood. Dr. (icori^o rcturiKMl in April, 1X4.').
and a<^ain raitlifnUy and acccptaMy pt'rfonncd his min-
isterial duties, addinii' thereto some medieal praetiee,
until June, 1H4!>, when he a»;ain left and went t<) Kurope
to finish his medieal studies.
I)urin«jf his ahsenee, of over two years, Roy. (). II.
Johnson ofHeiated as |)astor to the entire satisfaetion of
all coneerned. Mr. Johnson being" an adroit worker in
the Sunday-school, it <xrew rapi(dy under his care ;
and the Concerts which he arranged, drew crowded
house.^ and won universal admiration. Mr. Johnson
now resides in Jay. Me.
In April, lsr)2, Dr. (leorgc again returned and took
charge of the Society. From this tiuje. no important
eyent transpired until Januaiy, l«o4 ; when the hiuhiy
prized church accidentally caught fire and hurned to the
ground. It was a sad day. The home was lost and the
household destitute of shelter, but defianf^e was bid to
despair. Arrangements were inunediately made for the
continuance of public worship, at first in Sweet's Hall,
and afterwards in St. Stephen Academy, which the
Trustees generously offered for this purpose. Here the
people met and Dr. George preached, as joyfull}' as in
their old home, knowing that better days were coming.
Immediately measures were adopted and money raised
for rebuilding ; and soon a new and elegant church rose
on the ruins of the old one. The Building Connnittee
were Jas. S. Hall, Wm. Duren, and Seth M. Todd.
The dedication took place Dec. 13, IXoo. The sermon
was deliyered by Rev. Asher Moore of Portland, and
the other exercises were conducted by Rev. T. S. Lath-
1— ^
154 UNIVKHSALIST CHURCH, MILLTOWN A CALAIS.
roj) of Calais, and the pjistor. Thus onco more the So-
ciety was in good working condition, and the prospect
seemed briiihter and moi r liopeful than ever. Dr.
George continucid to perform the arduous but not con-
Micting duties of pastor and physician till Dec. I808 ;
when, to the sur[)risc and regret of all his friends, he
resigned, and sought a less toilsome and more profitable
tield of labor.
The parish lost no time in hearing candidates. Its
next pastor, Rev. II. A. IMiilbrook began Dec. ID, I8i'>8.
lie was youn^, agreeable, talented and energetic, lioth
the matter and manner of his sermons were pleasing,
and his congregation soon equalled the capacity of the
church. No prospect could l)e more brilliant, for the
day of triumph had at last arrived. The success was so
great that the Unitarians of Calais earnestly desired to
participate in the blessing. Accordingly after due pre-
liminaries, the Universalist Society voted, April 17,
IH;")!), ''that Br. II. A. Philbrook be permitted to preach
one sermon iuthe Unitarian church in Calais, each Sun-
day, for a year ; — the Calais Society paying one half his
salary." It was done ; and thus without apparent in-
tention on either side, commenced that fusion of the
two parishes, which was destined ultimately to make
them forever, one and indivisible.
The records of the Church having been consumed
with the meeting-house, and its organization lost, at
the request of the pastor, a reorganization was effected
in the Spring of 1M59. The persons that atliliated were
Wm. Duren, Benj. Young, Mr. and Mrs. Daniel Har-
mon, Mr. and Mrs. Alex. Smith, Mr. and Mrs. Wm.
Todd, Jr., Mr. and Mrs. Chas. Whitney, Mrs. Robert
Todd, Mrs. Sophia Sawyer, Mrs. Setli M. Todd, Mrs.
UNIVKUSALIST CIUHdl,
•MILI/inWN X- ( .\I.\I>.
1 :».-»
J(3lin Dutch, Mrs. Sarah Lowell, aii<l Miss Lama Hill.
Again the Ordinances were ol)serve(l. an<l the Lord wor-
shi|)[)e«l in the heauty of holiriess.
When the war of the Rebellion Itroke out, the young
pastor so warnuMl np with i)atri()tisni and so longed to
be in the striCe, that rdar. 2.'), ls('»2, the parish voted
him leave of al)sence for three months, to enabh' hitii to
accept the Cha[)laincv of the .sth ^Liine llegiinent of
Volunteers. He went to the war ; and during his ab-
sence and subse(]uent illness, the pulpit was supplifd
by Rev. S. I>. Rawson, recentl\' Riot", of Ancient
Languages in St. Lawrence University, — a learned and
excellent man. But i)ermanency is not an attribute of
things material. Slowly but iiK^vitably the Milltown
Society experienced a disheartening change. Some of
the active members died ; some lost their religious inter-
est ; soine moved down to ''salt watei' ;" and few new
members came in to fdl up the vacancies. The congre-
gation was growing smaller. Mr. Rhilbrook's army
cakupaign had broadened his views and excited his am-
l)ition ; and after mature deliberation, he wisely resolv-
ed to inaugurate a new Society in Calais.
To test the feasibility of the project, he began in
May, 1866, to preach one half of each Sunday in City
Hall, Calais, spen<linir the other h;df ol'the dav in the
Milltown church. The result exceeded his sanguine
lioi)e. The Calais meeting was a novelty that drew at-
tention, and the seats in the Hall were free. . He spake
freely, and the people liked both his style and senti-
ments. If he did not attract many from other Societies,
he gathered not a few who had no religious home. The
prospect soon became so encouraging that an oigani-
zation was deemed needful; and '^The First Indei)end-
ir><) IINIVKUSAI.FST CIIUUCII, — MILl.TOWN A ('AI.AIS.
,
•
■
cnt Univcrsulist Society in Calais," spraiij^ into actnal
and consetincniial existence. J^iterally the Universal-
ists "pitcJH'd their tent on new ground" and found it
safe and pleasant.
But as the new Society increased, tlie old one de-
creased. The audience became (juite stnall, the pastor
moved to Calais, and the few that remained, were dis-
<;ouraged. Yet there stood their handsome meeting-
house, not fourteen years old ; autl what to do with
it, became more and more a puzzling problem. To use
it or desert it, secned e([ually unsatisfactory. A Pro-
vidential interference solved the dillicult (piestion in a
moment. By the terrific storm of Oct. 5, 18G0, the
meeting-house was blown down and completely demol-
ished. The end of the Society started by Mr. Clark,
and incorporated Mar. 2G, 1867, by the "Lieutenant
rJovernor, TvCgishitive Council and Assembly of New
Brunswick," had come. Its last meeting was held Oct.
23, 18()t) ; and it then voted to adjourn si7ic die. Sever-
al of its memlu'rs still reside in Milltown, but they have
no religious meetings and no hope of any reorganization
for some time to come.
The Calais Society after worshipping awhile in the
City llall, moved into the Congregationalist vestry on
Main St., and after that was burned, into the Metho-
dist church which was generously opened for them.
May 5, 1870, the Society was legally organized and em-
powered to hold property, in accordance with the Stat-
utes of Maine. It called itself, "The First Universalist
Society of Calais ;" and thirty-six persons became mem-
bers. A Preamble, Profession of Faith, Constitution
and By-Laws were adopted, similar to those drawn up
years before bj' Dr. George for the Milltown parish.
iTNivKusAi.isT cnriK II.
MIM/roWN A CALAIS.
I
)i
[etho-
thera.
em-
Stat-
[salist
Imem-
lution
rn up
Irish.
Tlic manly and Christian spirit, ofthi' I'roanihk', rentiers
it worthy of preservation.
''Whereas, (lod in his wisdom has bestowed on us
the inestin>al»le riches of his Word, and set before ns the
great examples of Christ to bless and guide us through
life, and has ealled upon us us his scMvants to labor in
exten<ling the s|)irit an<l prineijiles of the ^iospel among
men ; therefore we form ourselves into a soeiety. that
we may be helps to each other, and b}' our united ener-
gies be able to work more successfully in the cause of
our Divine Master."
The Profession of Faith is the one adopted by all
thellniversalist Societies in the country. It is as follows :
1. "We believe, that the Holy Scriptures of the Old
and New Testaments contain a revelation of the char-
acter of God, and of the duty, interest, and final desti-
nation of mankind.
2. ''We believe there is one God, whose nature is love ;
revealed in one Lord Jesus Christ, by one Holy Spirit
of grace, who will finally restore the whole family of
mankind to holiness and happiness.
3. ''We believe, that holiness and true ha[)piness are
inseparably connected ; and that believers ought to main-
tain order, and practise good works, for these things are
good and profitable unto men."
May 20, 1870, the Society purchased one half of
the Unitarian church, and in conjunction with the Uni-
tarians, thoroughly remodelled and repaired it at an ex-
pense often thousand dollars. The Building Committee
were Benj. Young, Wm. Duren, J. Phelan and L. L.
Wadsworth. It was then named "Union Church" and
dedicated Dec. 28, 1870. Rev. H. A. Philbrook preach-
ed the sermon, and Rev. Mr. Crafts, of Eastport, offer-
ed the prayer.
T^
!
158 UNIVKUSALIST CIUKCII, — MII-LTOWN A CALAIS.
Soon Jif'tcr, tlio two Sociotios and their Sunday-
schools nnitcd and worshipixMl lo-jfctlicr, Rev. Mr.
Philhrook n^signod and K«'V. I. V. Knowlton was cljoson
pastor. lie coinMUMKM'd Juno Ist, 1h7I , and still retains
the oflice : and the united parish is enjoyin<;' a fair share
of prosperity.
In May, 1H72, an or<;Mni/a1ion was arraiijjj»'d. call-
ed the "Church of Christ in the Union Parish, Calais,
Maine," and twenty-live i)ers()jis became nienjl)ers.
The followiiio- ''Statement of Faith and Purpose," re-
veals its character.
Statkmknt of Faith and Puupose.
"We whose names are hereunto sul)scril)ed, believe
that "there is one (Jod an<l one mediator between God
and men, the man Christ Jesus; who <;ave himself a
ransom for all, to be testified in due time."
We believe that we are the children of the "Father
of all, who is above all, and throuu;h all, and in all ;"
whom therefoie we should love, obey, and trust.
Wc believe that "the (lospel of C'hrist is ihe power
of God unto salvation to every one that believeth ;" and
that therefore it ought to "be preached to every crea-
ture."
We believe tl'
^mnraciujj m
ed-iint],- out
U hi
iii.
las a Church on the earth,
and that openly ack'uowl-
tol I. and wovkin<i in his church,
13 the best \ \y to ' ow in urace, and to juanifest tv) the
world our n li<j,ion ruith and purpose.
We therefore assume the resix -il)ilities and duties
incumbent u[)ou members of the ( istian Church.
We oiler the IJiiiht Hand »>. Ilowship to all who
desire to unite with us, and woul connnend to them
re-
tl- (VUti,.,, rit,.s.,lli,,|„is,„ „,„| t|„, I.,nr., .s„|,,„„.
».; <;lnnn !., he a Imu,,.'!, ofll,.. Church of c'hmt
>"thc|,„a„|-„rish,(nh,is, Maine. *-'"""'
Wcpropose to elert »,„.h oIHc^ts an,| a,I.,„t s„eh
. cll ,1 a,„l „■,. rcsorv,. th,. rk;htto ,vith,lm,v IVo,,. thU
or.an,.,,lu.n, „h..„ it shall s...,,, .,..,,t t„ „„, „ , ^
The l!„ive,'.sali.st Society slill retains its „a,„o
."his ,ts annual „,ee,i„.s,an.lHcen.s in „o .lan-^e,-
ng ; ,„t pnu-tieall, it is n,e,-,..,l in th.. Luiou ,.; is
«".l that |.ansh, u,Mte,l as it is i„ faith an.I feolin./
-u.n. a n..st elass eluMch, with all the uee.lful U
sustan e,l l,.v many of our moral, intelligent, wealth,
an. .nlluential oitizeus, n.ust long .e.nair, a powe :' i
.1 blessinnr on the St. (;,(,ix.
^
K .1
IfiO
SHIPPING.
XXII.
SIIIPPINO.
Cahiirt and St. Stephen are located on the opposite
banks of the St. Croix liver, at the heail of tlie tide,
about twelve miles from that magnificent arm of the
ocean, St. Andrews Bay. The river has bold and
picturesque shores, and varies in width from fifty rods
to two hundred. The tide rises and falls twenty-six
feet, making the river navigable for large vessels, twice
in everv twentv four hours. At low water, however,
the river appears like a shallow stream running through
a wide and deep valley. The bed of the rivC'*, made
soft by vast accumulations of mud and sawdust, per-
mits vessels of any size to ground without injury.
The principal export from Calais an<l St. Stephen
has ever been lumber. The St. Croix is an easy path
to the ocean, and for bulky and heavy merchandi;;3, the
ocean road is ever the cheapest wa^' to market. Hence,
from the first, the lumbermen liave required and emploj-^-
ed a large number of vessels ; and on account of both
the size of the river, and the small cargoes desired by
western purchasers, in the coasting line small vessels
have generally been preferred. So long as the shippers
of lumber were cramped for means, the freighting was
dono! by vessels owned in St. Andrews, St. John, Port-
SHIPPING.
161
land, Boston, and elsewhere ; but at an early day, the
thrifty operators in the forest resolved to build, own
and manage vessels in which to export their manufac-
tures. On experiment, this was found to be good poli-
cy ; and it was ultimately adopted by all who possessed
the means. Seventy-five years ago the registry of new
vessels was not attended to so faithfully, at least in
this part of the country, as at present ; but the follow-
ing is deemed reliable so far as it goes :
In 1797, tradition reports a vessel built in St.
Stephen, Alexander Gordon, and sold to Smith & Rob-
inson, of St. John. If the story is correct, this was the
first vessel Uiunched into the river above St. Andrews.
In 1799 and 1800, the schooner Atme was built in St.
Stephen, for Joseph Porter. In 1803, Jarius Keene
built for an Eastport company, the schooner Liberty, on
Kilburn's Point, Calais. This was the first one launch-
ed in Calais. About thistime,the brig uEolus was built
in St. Stephen, for Abner Hill and Aaron Upton ; and
the schooner Boynf, in Calais, for Shubael Downes.
Probably other vessels were built on each side of the
river, previous to 1812, but I have not been able to find
their names or owners. The war came ; business was
suspended ; hard times followed ; and we hear no more
of ship-building until 1818. In that year, Jarius Keene
built the schooner Uiiity, in St. Stephen. He also built
in Calais, in 1820, the schooner Boston, and in 1823,
the Calai^ Packet,
For a few years, c jmmencing perhaps about 1818,
ship-building in St. Stephen was brisk and profitable, and
quite a nunibei of vessels were launched. Among the
master-builders were David P^astman and a Mr. God-
frey from Steuben, Me. ; and among the owners were
I
.
Kl-i
SHIPPINC;.
William Porter and the Messrs. Cl.irk. Tiie Fingal and
Wm. PTaZ/ace, the barque C/f-qpaint, aiid thoship/Zerome, —
the first ship ever built in town, — were successfully
I.'iuiiched. Hut in 1823-4, in consequence of the strin-
gent money market and linancial panic in Europe, the
ship-hnilding business became so nnprotitable that work
in the yards entirely ceased, and several half-built ves-
sels in St. Stephen, were abandoned and left to rot on
the stocks. Hut the depression did not I ast long ; the
world needs a larjije fleet ; and soon, the carpenters were
auain busilv at work.
In IJS'jr), Sarins Keen built h\Vr^Zi\yporah'M\(\ schoon-
er Sarah^ in Calais, and brig Kczuth, in St. Stephen ;
and the same year, (). P. Hinds built in St. Stephen,
for ,Iani<'s Frink, the schooner Henry. The next year,
Mr. I linds took down two of the rotting hulks, and work-
ed over a })art of their materi:;l into the two new brigs,
Mary Porter i\\\{\ Pilgrim. In 1827, Mr. Hinds also
l)uilt in St. Stephen, barque Cereus and i)ilot boat John
(Jampbdl. In lS2i), Mr. Keene luiilt in Calais, the
schooner li'sohUioJi ; and jMr. Hinds l)uilt in St. Stephen,
the ])rig Stiinjison. After this, the names of some of the
vessels built, were, brig Royal Williain., St. Stephen,
lrS;}(); \)\''\^s. Eliza Ann, Ni'honidh, Jhstcr and Sir John
Moore, St. Stephen, 1H;J2: schooner (jov. Hobbins.^ Cal-
ais, l.s.S,*} ; schooner ra/-iio/^ Calais. 183;'); and soon
!ifter, schooner Frecport^ brig ihhe and banpie Stephen.
Consideral)le building has been going on ever since;
but for the names and dates, the rcider nmst consult
the Custom House records.
The following statement of the shipping interests
in Calais, for 1874, does not materially ditfer from the
average amnial business of the [)ast Ave years. One
SHiriMN(J
W6
hundred and sc/ontv-six vt-ssels are owned in, or liail
from Calais, and some tvventy-Hve, from St. Stephen.
Dnring 1874, the river vvaHO}x'n for navigation,. SOU (hiys.
Arrivals in Calais, 11()1); elearanees, 1177. Vessels
built, 12, having a hurthen of 2();J1) tons. Vessels re-
paired at doeks an<l railways, 2*22. Exports as follows :
long lumber, 78,()()0.(M)() feet; laths, r)4,()0(),()0() ; shin-
des, 3o,()()(),()(M);i)ickets, 1,500,000; spool stuff, lUi,-
000; staves, 525,000; elapboanls, l;)5,00(); i)osts and
R. R. ties, 41,000; ship knees, 00,000; s})ruc(' i)oles,
1450 ; cords of w^ood,450 ; stone drags, 101 ; bedsteads,
71)0 ; barrels of plaster, 41,000. ImjKjrts as follows:
bushels of corn, 150,000 ; barrels of Hour, 28,000 ; bar-
rels of pork and beef, 3300 ; tons of coal, .3000 ; casks
of lime, 6,100.
The St. Stephen people are part owners of many
Calais vessels, and their eonmierce is largely done un-
0"V'
<ler the American flag. Much of their lumber is ship-
ped from the port of Calais, and is therefore included in
the above manifest. There are however about sixty
arrivals and clearances in a year ; the trade l»eing main-
h' with Euroi)e and the West Indies. The value of the
annual exports is about 8500,000; im])orts, S400,000.
The balance is invariably in favor of both St. Stephen
and Calais ; and hence they are growing in wealth.
It was long the fond hope and dream of St. An-
drews that, aided by railwa\' acconmiodation, her har-
bor would eventually become the main sea-port for ail
British North America ; but the thrift and growth of the
up-river towns, long ago dissipated that pleasant illu-
sion. Invariably the inward bound shii» seeks the head
of the tide ; and her sails are not furled until shoal wa-
ter or rapids forbid her progress. The port of Calais
■r^
«m'
104
SHIPPING.
and St. Sto[)hen is the natural, maritime outlet and in-
let of a large and ricli part of Maine arid Nt ♦' Bruns-
wick, and through it there must ever flow a large a-
mount of commerce ; and when inland, niilway communi-
cation is perfected, and numerous factories utilize the
immense water power of the St. Croix, here will arise
the queen city of the East.
II 4
BllIDGES.
IGi)
xxin.
BRIDGES.
The first bridoje that spannv^d the St. Croix rivor,
was made of ice. For thousands of years, a solid struct-
ure of this material was stretched from shore to shore
ever}' Autumn, and broken up and carried away every
Spring. In Sunnner the Red men crossed the water in
birch bark canoes, and the early white settlers, in more
substantial l)oats. As the white population and need of
transit increased, the boats became more an;l more nu-
merous, until regular ferries were established. The ferry
at Milltown was run by Jesse Hancock, and the one at
Calais by Isaac Hanson. Neither of them, at any time
were large enough to carry teams.
At an early day, the date not remembered, a wood-
en bridge was thrown across the river at Baring, and
those who wished to drive from Calais to St. Ste[)hen
were obliged to go through Baring ; driving eight miles
to reach a point only half a mile distant.
At length tired of this round about way, in 1825,
the upper n'idge at Milltown was built by Amaziah
Nash for a Corporation that embraced himself, Salmon
Gates, Da^id Wright, Joel Hill, Abner Hill and others.
It was not an elegant structure, but it was safe and con-
venient ; and gr-eat was the public joy at its opening.
From the first, it has been a paying investment.
lOG
BRIDGES.
Stimulated ]»y this success, in 1^27, the Fern
Point hn(l«re, the lowest on the river, was huilt by ('apt.
Seth Emerson for a Company eomj)risinji: himseir. .lo-
Reph Whitney, (ieo. Downes, Nehemiah Marks. Hol)ert
Lindsay and otliers. Mr. Kmerson lias kept it in ex-
cellent repair I'rom that time to the present day : and it
is now a handsome and substantial structure. A very
large amount of travel i)asses oxer it. and hence it pays
a large dividend to the owners.
The lower l)ridge at Milltown and the Tnion Mills
bridge were l)uilt about thirty years ago, mainly for the
accommodation of the mill owners in these localities.
Neither of the four bridges are free ; and so long as the
vSt. Croix is the boundary of two Governments, it is not
probable that either bridge will be made free.
r<»
MTEUATl KE.
167
XXIV.
LITERATURE,
Tlie wisdom of the wise, and the knovvledujc of the
learned are ju'eserved in l)ooks. K(Uication is obtained
nuiinlv hv readinyr. In any society, the more sek'ct
readin*^, the higher the tone and enltnre. At an early
day these facts were perceived and acted upon by the
wide-awake i)eople of Calais and St. Stephen.
A society called the ' 'Calais Club" was organized
in Calais, Apr. 4, 1827, by A. G. Clari.'ler, Geo.
Dow lies, N. I). Shaw, (). L. Bridges, Theocore Jones,
T. A. Brewer, Henry Richards and J. S. Cooper. Its
object was to establish and maintain a })iiblic libraiy.
The price of admission to the Club was five dollars ; and
the annual tax, live dollars. A room in the second story
of a building on Union Wharf, was engaged and fitted
for use, thirty or forty more persons joined the Club,
books were bought and donated, and the library went
into oi)eration. In the course of two or three years,
most of the prominent citizens on each side of the river
were admitted as members, several hundred volumes
were placed on the shelves, and the institution declared
a success. The records indicate that the members were
negligent a])out returning books and paj'ing fines ; but
there was a large amount of profitable reading.
168
LITKRATURE.
In May, 1833, tlif orjjfanizsition was leoallv incor-
porated as tho ''Calais ^ihrary Chil)." The aamission
fee was raised to eijiht lollars, and the annual tax re-
duced to four. Fifty-two persons hecanu' members un-
der the new regime. Lewis Wilson was chosen Presi-
dent ; LuthurC. White, Secretary; Dr. S. S. Wiiipple,
Manly B, Townsend and James S. l*ike. Directors.
The library was open one afternoon in each week, and
at times there were exciting scrambles for some favor-
ite book. Hut on this basis, with occasional ups and
downs, the Club continued to enjoy a fair share of
prosperity until 1868, whe!i it being in debt, and
some of the members desiring to dissolve the Company,
a suit was brought against it, and the entire stock of
books sold at auction. This was done to open the way
for a new and better organization. Immediately a new
Company was formed, called the "St. Croix Library
Association ;" a subscrii)tion was made of over $500,
the books bought at the same low price for which they
were sold, and the institution reopened on a more hope-
ful basis than before. The admission fee was now fix-
ed at ten dollars, and the annual tax at four. The Li-
brary was open one afternoon in a week.
In the great fire of 1870, the building in which the
Library was kept, was burned, and man}' of the books
were destroj'ed. But two jears after, the institution
again went into operation. A room was hired in St.
Croix hall, and by the generosity of F. H. Todd and
F. A. Pike, supi)lied with nice and commodius tables
and shelves ; many new books were purchased with the
money received for insurance on the volumes burned ;
the annual subscription was reduced to two dollars, and
the public placed on about an equal footing with stock-
MTKKATUKK
1 <;<«
holders, and a librarian sotMircd for ovorv artornoon in
the wi'ok except Snnday. Tlie Library is now in a mon'
healtliy and prosperons condition than ever before. It
owns over '2f'>(H) Itooks.and has 11)0 sni)scrib(>rs : and the
nnniber of both i)ooks and readers is steadily increasin<jj.
There are at present some seventy resident stockholders
and as the nunilter is slowly diininishinu;, and as there
is little in(lucenien,t for any one to pnrchase stock, it is
probable that the city eventually 1)V appropriatinj; one
ortwohundred dollars amnially, will assume its mana«»('-
nient and secure its i)ermanent prosperity. The oflicers
for the current year are Ed^ir Whiihlen, President ; K.
A. Pike, Vice President; iM-ank Williams, Treasurer:
Kdward Moore, CUerk ; Jul! i Kimball, Lii»rarian ; K. H.
Ilarvev, W. J. Corthell, C. li. bounds, A. L.Todd, (i.
T. Porter, Wm. Todd, L. C . Bailey, Directors.
Cultured by choice and extensive reading, stinuj-
lated by the bracing air, and insi)ired by the wild and
romantic scenes and scenerv of this north-eastern conn-
try, many of our citizens have evinced a decided liter-
ary taste, and several have won an enviable reputation
as authors. In fact, few places of the same size can
'lle(
d
)plt
(1
d)I<
boast so many i
ers.
Conspicuous among the best, is the amiable and
thoughtful Mrs. F. A. Pike, daughter of the late Dea.
E. I), (ireen of Calais. Her lirst book, "Ida May,"
had an extensive sale and millions of delighted readers.
Its intiuence and popularity may be inferred from the
fact, that hundreds of daughters, since its publication,
have been christened, for its sweet heroine, — Ida May.
Her next l)ook, ''•Caste," though equally well written
T^
170
IJTKUATITKE.
ii
. •
and sirtiHticnlly of a lii<j;h(>r order, yet lK'in<i: sm anti-
slavorv storv and laiincluMl in the wake of "lint'le Tom's
Cabin," was not HO well n^'oiviMl. Ilcr third volunu'
was AfjjncH ; a i)l('aHant story. Since its publication,
thouj^ii occasionally vvritingan article for the niajijazinos,
Mrs. Pike has exchanj^ed the pen for the pencil and
brush, and is doing very fine work as a landscape-paint-
er.
The brilliant Harriet Prescott was also a luitive of
Calais ; lier mother beinjj: Ji sister of that able attorney,
O. L. Bridges, Ks(j. She remained here till imbued
with tlie romantic spirit of the i)lace, and then at the
age of ten, moved to Newbury})ort, Mass., where she
married Mr. Spotford. She began to attract public
notice as an authoress by her arabescjue and witching
stories in the "Atlantic" magazine. She has since pub-
lished several much read volumes, and is still writing
in the full tide of popularity. Among her interesting
volumes are, ''Amber (iods," "'Sir Rohan's (Jliost," "A
Thief in the Night," and '*Azania." Her sister, Mary
N. Prescott, also a native of Calais, is the writer of
many pretty stories in "'Our Young Folks" and other
jnonthlies.
J. S. Pike, Kscj., another native of Calais, is wide-
ly known as a racy corresijondent of the New York
Tribune. lie has recently })ublished a book, — ''The
Prostrate State," and although largely engaged in fi-
nancial affairs, he still finds time to use his facile and
pungent pen.
Hon. J. G. Stevens of St. Stephen has edited and
published two volumes of agricultural reports, and an
able and highly prized "Digest of New Brunswick Law
Reports," and his pen is still busy.
v..,,!'::;^,''- ?''^'''''- '•••''''■•"■''- «•■'»'■-'-
. p . ., ..,,.,v l,,,ok« fi,,. ,.|,il,ln.,,. Mrs. I!. ,.■. K..|.
y of („ „ s |,,„„„ .,,.,,„i,i,„|y h,.,„„m,| ,,i,„„...s , r
••' «•!< ..UK ,t on,ilh.,loj,i„, a„.l ta.xi,l..n„i.s,. I,„h '
: 7""1'"' "'"--■— "-all tiK. nativ.: J.,, J
'"'•<"..v l„t,„.,. ,„,. (|K.ir nativ tow,'. ** '
^
172
IIKNKVOLKNT SOCIKTrKS.
4
s.
»,
XXV.
liKNFA'OLKNT SnC FF/riES.
\\u\\\fv\\vv is coimnon in every Iniul. Kxtrnvu-
f^nnee, idleness, inteinpersmee, ignoranee and \vejil\nesH,
are eontinnaliy inannfaetnrinfjf pauperism. Hut poverty
is not wholly a enrse. Instead, it exeites i)ity and
stininlates eliarity ; an«l charity is m-eater than lalth or
hope. The poor in Calais have never been more nu-
merous than in other towns of the same size ; but the
number of the benevolent and the extent of their <^ener-
osity have for many years been above the eoonnon aver-
age of even New Kn<;land Towns. A lumbering eom-
inunity is usually large hearted and generous, and both
Calais and St. Stephen have often indulged in the lux-
ury of doing good.
The Winter of 182H was umisually long and severe,
and many families sulfered for lack of sufllcient food and
raiment. It is true, the law conmiands < very town to
take care of its i)oor ; but there are always manj^ cases
which the authorities cannot easily reach. Children
cannot make known their wants, and the sensitive shrink
from becoming paupers. These facts being known,
early in 18*28, two benevolent societies sprang into ex-
istence almost simultaneously, and began their noble
w^ork, never to cease while there are hearts of tender-
ness, and poor to assist.
HKNK V< H.KNT S( M 'I KT I KS.
\7l\
The Ljulics BcnovoUMit Sociotv of Milltown owes
Its t)rio;iii to Mrs. Salmon (Ijitcs, Mrs. Lewis Wilson,
Mrs. Niithanicl Luinhc smd others of like sympathetic
natnre. Its oliject was, "in every way possihle to as-
sist the snllerin^" |)oor, re<j;anlless of sector nationality."
(^nit'^ a numher of ladies Joined the Society, means were
soon procured, and the truly Christian work of helping
the needy, be^an. Hut a strange and unexpecteil oh-
sta<^le arose. The poor, insti«^ated by a false and fool-
ish pride, refuseil to accept the offered assistance!
They ima<^ined that its reception would somehow de-
j^rade theni to the rank of '-town charji;es." The ladies
lujwever coiitiiuuHl to work an<l accimudate funds, and
do what ji;ood they l dd ; but at len|j;th the interest,
abated, and the funds of the Society were appropriatecl
to the purchase of palls to be used at funerals. As
there was then no hearse in town, these sable coverin<j:s
of the biiT were very acceptable to the public. The
Society then, though not dissolved, became dormant.
In 18.'37, however, it awoke, and b}' the discreet advice
and assistance of Rev. Mr. and Mrs. Iluckins, again
went into operation. No obstacles were now in the
way. Fifty-nine ladies joined the Society, Mrs. Reuben
Lowell was chosen 1st Directress and retained theoflice
nineteen years; and without any interruption, this mis-
sion of mercy has continued its work, doing a vast
amount of good, to the present time. Mrs. Nathaniel
Lambe has long been its 1st Directress, and Mrs. Kl-
well Lowell its Secretary.
"In March, 1828," as we learn frotn Mrs. C. R.
Whidden's excellent annual report for 1874, "a number
of ladies met in the hall owned by Jones Dyer, Escj.,
and formed themselves into the Ladies Benevolent So-
174
UKN KVOLKNT S* )< I KTI KS.
c'iety ofCiiiais." The cronsVilution thou adopted con-
taining thirt(H;n brief articles, which remain unchanged
to the present time, states that "'the object o. this Soci-
ety sliall be to assist the poor, and particularly the sick,
and those unable to labor." Mrs. Oeorge Downes wiis
chosen 1st Directress, and Mis. Samuel Barker, Secre-
tary ; and both of these ladies are still active members
of the Society. During its existence the Society has
collected and distributed at least S>^0()0 in food, raiment,
medicine, and such other things as the poor need,
currying its donations into every part of the city, and
to hundreds of families. "■Children have been provided
with clothing and sent to school ; homes have been pro-
vided for fatherless little ones ; and aged people have
for many long 3'ears received such comforts as they
could obtain in no other way," The popularity, means
and benevolent work of this Society have for several
years been steadily increasing, and its future promises
to be even more blessed than its past.
''Its present ollicers are, 1st Directress, Mrs. Jones
Haycock; 2nd Direct'ess, Mrs. F. A. IMke ; Treasurer,
Mrs. 1). B. Bariuu'd ; Secretary, Mrs. George King;
Distril)uting Committee, INIrs. K. A. Barnard, Mrs. G.
D. King, Mrs. C. 11. Whid len, Mrs. L. 1). Sawyer, Mrs.
Chnrles Lord, Mrs. O. B. Hideout."
KAILWAYS.
17:.
XXVI.
Ji AIL WAYS.
To ohviate tlio (lifliciilties and save some part (»f
the cxjKMiso of transporting lumbor from Milltown to
tho wharves from whence it was shipped, in 1«."J2, the
Cahiis Railway Compan}', viz: — Wm. Delesdernier,
Jones Dyer, (ieo. Downes, and O. S. Hridges, on peti-
tion, received from the Legislature of Maine, a Clnirter
empowering them to bnild and hold a railway from Ctd-
ais to Milltown. It gave them three years to eompUle
the road, and required them to transport lumber from
the mills to the wharves for fifty cents per thousand
feet, board measure.
The thre ' years passed, and nothing was done.
But in 1830, the Legislature renewed the Charter, grant-
ed three more years time, and added Neal I). Shaw,
Luther Brackett and Seth Emerson to the Comi)aMy.
The (inancial crash of 183<j came, and the work of con-
struction went on slowly. In 1837, the road was grad-
ed, but no rails laid. The next year, the Charter was
again renewed and further time granted. Jn 1831). the
road was complete*!, and freight cars drawn by horses
commenced running. But it was soon evident that the
road did not pay its running expenses. It was not
well patronized nor well managed ; and after the dis-
couraging experience of two years of failure, the Com-
^^
170
KAILWAVS.
pany suspcndcMl oponitions, an<l tlie .sickly cont'oni was
allowed to (lie.
A few years al'ter, Iloiatio X. IIlll anil J<;lni Por-
ter orijiinaled the idea of a steam railway from Calais
to Harinu;. Klaltorate calcnlalioiis and ariinments were
made, a eompany was formed, and alter loiiij; and te-
dious negotiations, the new Com|)any. in 1«4S, purehas-
ed the Calais an<l Milltown railway for the small sum of
$1000. duly •2;^ 1841), the Leoislatnre gave a Charter
empowering the Calais and IJaring Rairoad Company
to hold propeity to the amonnt of $200,000, and to
bnild and run a railway from "Vanee's Boom to Burnt
Point." In Xoveujher of the same year, (Jeo. M. Por
ter, II. N. Hill, F. C. Swan, Levi L. Lowell, and S. R.
Ilanseoml), wer<! ehosen Directors, and the last name(l
gentlcnum, Treasurer. Immediately i 00. 000 worth
of bonds were issued, and thouiih the people of Calais
refused to invest in the speculation, the building- of the
road was put under contract. During the next year,
the rails were laid, i)latform cars l)uilt, two second hand
locomotives were imported from Massachusetts, costing
only Sr>00 apiece ; and in the Spring of l<s')l, the steam
whistle was hc.<rd and regular trains began running.
The wish and hope of the pa.-jt nineteen years were re-
alized, audthenjanagers were gieatly elated. Andju-'t-
ly. At the end of the lirst half year, a dividend of six
per cent, was tleclared. Since then the road has ever
promptly paid its bills, and earned on an average about
ten per cent, per annum on its cost.
About this time Messrs. Wns. Todd. E. C. Gates,
F. A. Pike, T. d. Copeland, \Vm. Duren. an<l other ac-
tive business men formed a Company and bailt the
Levvy's Island R.K,, connecting with the C. & B, luad
KAII.WAVS.
1
i I
at Baring. This road, tlioiigh a great convenience,
was not a financia! succesy. The ('ity of Calaia had a
mortgage of it forahout $1')0,00(), and it could do lit-
tle more than pay tlu' interest. Moreover, the mana-
gers of the two roads could never agree on the price of
transportation.
In l«f)9, after y»'ars of fruitless bargaining, the
C. &. B. R.H. Co. '"nchascMl the Lewy's Island road,
for $140,000, agreeing to pay annually SaOOO and the
interest; which it h;is ever since promptly done.
In 1870, the name was changed to St. Croix and
Penobscot Railroad, and ho[)es are entertained that at
no distant da\' it will be extended to the mouth of the
Piscata(piis river, and thus l)ring Calais and Bangor
within five hoyrs of cmcIi other. Under the skilful su-
perintendence of VV. \V. Sawyer, the road is now doing a
fair amount of busiiie>s.
St. Stkfukm Biianch Raii/.vay.
In 18C4, on petition, the St. Stephen Branch Rail-
way Company, received from the Provinc-ial Parliament
of New Brunswick, a bonus of $10,000 a mile to assist in
building a railway from St. Stei)hen to some point on
the St. Andrews and Canada Railway. The route t(»
Watt's Junction was selected and the construction com-
menced. Jan. 2, 1867 througii freight and passenger
train's began running. The next year the road was
leased to the St. A. & C. R. Co. The following year,
18Gi), the two roads were consolidated. In 1872, by
act of Parliament, both roads were put in the hands of
a new Company, and received the name of the New
Brunswiv'k and Cana<la Railway. Its termini are St.
Andrews, St. Stepheii, Woodstock and Iloulton, As
it runs mainly through uninhabited lands, it is not a
road of large dividemls. When however, as is contem-
plate<l, its cars shall run into Calais, and penetrate into
the heart of Aroostook county, and connect witli the
Riviere l)e Loup Railway at Woodsto(;k, it will without
doubt become good paying property.
178
ROMAN CATHOLIC.
XXVII.
ROMAN (CATHOLIC.
CHURCH Ol- THE IMMACULATE CONCEPTION, ST. STEPHEN.
It is the mauifost <\nt\ of every legityjiate successor
ol St. r^ter, f'jiitiiriilly to teed all the sheep and lambs
of the fold ; and the Catholic cleri2:v are seldom derelict
to this duty. I'revious to 1>S30, the fe\^ Catholics of
SI. Slei)lu'n and vicinity sought their spiritual instruc-
tion and consolation in St. Andrews ; but about that
date, Rev. John Cummings, a [)riest residing in the last
named town, began to make occasional missionary trips
up river. As the religious interest and the number of
connnunicants gradually increased, he made more fre-
quent visits until 1838, when he moved to St. Stephen
and devoted all his time to the people of his faith in
this region. A small church was built on the site where
the newer and larger one now stands ; and here he offici-
ated for eleven years.
In 1849, he retired, and Rev. M. A. Wallace be-
came pastor. His successors were, in 1853. Rev. Thom-
as Connollay ; in 1854, Rev. James Qiiinn ; in 1862, Rey.
A. J. Dnnphy ; and in 18G7, Rev. James Quinn again,
who still remains, a zealous, faithful and beloved father.
Tlie present, large, handsome and pleasantly loca-
ted church edilice was erected in 1865. A few years pre-
vious, u small chapel had been built in the lower village ;
ROMAN CATHOLIC.
179
and in each placo a .service is held and mass said, every
Sunday.
In common with many of his l)rethren. Father
C^ninn is opposed to mixed scliools, unless the elements
are mainly Catholic. Hence, in connection with his
ciuu'ches he has established two excellent schools (or
the benefit of Catholic children ami any others that
wish to attend. Connected also with his [)urish, is a
large and llonrishin<i "Total Abstinence Temperance
Society" that holds frequent meetings and does mucli
good.
The parish comprises a large area of territory, and
is supposed to contain at least 500 adults and 1 000 chil-
dren ; and like all Catholic institutions in this country,
it is steadilv growing.
The Church of the Immaculate Conception in Cal-
ais, though bearing the same name, is y(Minger and
smaller than her sister in St. Ste[)hen. It was started
al)out l^<50, by the Jesuits, prominent among whom ^/as
the gentlemanly, faithful and talented Rev.. John Bapts,
S. J. Soon after the town l^^came a city in IH.")!, the
Church purchased the old Townhouse, and fitted it up
as a i)lace of worship ; and here the Sunday services
have ever since been held. The [nistors have been Rev.
Messrs. INIurphy, Durnin and Conlon, who is the pres-
ent incumbent. In 1<S73, the Church bought an excel-
lent lot of land on tlie corner of AVashington St., and
Church Avenue, where a meeting-house ade(iuate to the
needs of the parish, is soon to be erected.
The Catholics in Calais have the honor of sustain-
ing the only Tem[)erance Society in the city. It is call
ed the ''Cahiis Catliolic l.jstitute." It m^^ets every
week and is doing a large amount of good.
\H()
I'UKSHYTKUIAN (^IlUUril. SI. STKFUKN.
XXVIII.
PJifJSByTElilAN CHURCIL—ST. tiTKrilKN.
The brave old Scotcli Kirk \vitli iiidoinitaMe John
Knox as its briiiht, particnhir star, couipclsthe achnira-
tioii of every reader of its liistorv. In tenacity, patient
perseverance, heroism and piety, no other Ecek^siastieal
body has been its superior. And into whatever i)art of
the earth its members have mi<i:rated, they have inva-
riably carried wiih tliem their relijjious })rineiples and
stamina. As many of them eame to New Brunswick
at an early date, no history of the Colony can be written
without frequent allusions to them. Presbyterianism is
the state religion of Scotland as Episcopalianism is the
state religion of England. Presbyterians therefore are
not in a legal sense, Dis- ^tiiiters ; and hence when they
came to America the}' had rights and privileges as a
('hurch, which the Home (iovernment was bound to
respect and defend.
A considerable number of the earlv settlers of St.
Stephen were members of this Church, and retained in
their new home the warm attachment for their religion
which they had formed in their Fnther-land. Early in
the I9th century Rev. Duncan M'Coi': occasionally preach-
ed to those residing on Scotch Ridge, in their own Gae-
lic language ; but they earnestly desired and eventuall}'
obtained a minister of their own denomination. Their
PUESIJYTKinAN' rilUUCIT, ST. STKriIKN.
181
to
1st.
in
lion
in
lae-
iQ\Y
Kirk is in tho parish of St. Jamos, aiul an account ol' it
<lof s not tliorof(jrc properly lu'loti*:: to those Aimals.
The Prcshytcrians of St. Stcplu-n wore loss fortu-
nate. They Iiad oceiisional preaching:, and several at-
temi)ts wer<' made to erect a nieetin<jj-house, hut with-
out success. At lenp;lh, some time previous to 1H4(),
l»y tlie efforts of a few leadinjjj men, the frame of a
(ihurch was put up on the iuiposin<r site now occui)ied
by the handsome residence of C. B. Eaton, Ks(j. ; but
the funds necessary to complete the struct uie could not
be obtained ; and after years of exposure to the i)itiless
si:orms of Sunnner and Winter, the incipient edifice
went to ruin.
In the Autunm of 1810, Kev. Andrew Stevens
from Scotland, — a brother of the i)resent Judge Stev-
ens, — in the capacity of a missionar}' from the estab-
lished Church of his native land, l)egan to preach a por-
tion of his time in St. Stephen. The first service was
held in the old, Methodist building, and a large con-
gregation gave him a hearty and joyful welcome. In
1843, Rev. INIr. Stevens received and accepted the for-
mal invitation to become the pastor of the Presbyte-
rians in St. Stephen and St. James; dividing his time
between the two places.
About this time, it being evident to all that the
building used as a place of worship was inconvenient,
unpleasant and not suitable for the purpose, the feeling
was renewed and fresh enthusiasm aroused to build a
meeting-house. Accordingly, for that purpose, the
Presbyterians and others friendly to the undertaking,
united in a Society of which Mrs. Stevens, mother of
Rev. A. Stevens, was the President and leading spirit.
The plan succeeded. A successful ladies' Bazaar was
T"^
1H2
I'HKSUVTKUIAN CIIURCII, — ST. STKIMIKN.
hold, — !i ncnolty in Ihosi' days, — subscriptions were
raised and the dnirch erected, liev. Dr. Irvine (or-
nierlyofSt. John, M. IJ., did nnich to slinnihite the ex-
ertions of tlie people.
In January, l'"^'")'-^, at a full meet inj^' of the congre-
gation convened Tor that purpos<' in tlic new church,
J. (J. Stevens, Es(i.. was made the recipient of a valu-
able gohl watcii, presente(l to him l)y the Society as a
token of its api)reciation and esteem for his wise coun-
sels and generous contributions in building the meeting-
house.
Among the influential men in tiie enterprise, were
Aaron Upton, Alexanck-r Campbell, now a i)iomlnent
lawyer in San Francisco, Sanuiel McClowan, Mr. iMur-
dock, John Cam])bell, Kobert Clark and his brothers,
John and Francis Courtney, Thomas Laughlin. ('aj)t.
Ilutton, Samuel and William (Jilmor, William Owen
and brothers. Dr. Dugald Blair, and thv present Judge
Stevens who from then till now has been the main i)illar
and stay of the Church and a prominent member of the
denomination in the Province.
In l<sr)4, Rev. William Elder, no\A editor of the St.
John Daily Telc(jra]ih, became pastor, and i)erformed
the duties of that olllce acceptably for nine years. Dur-
ing his pastorate and mainly through his exertions, the
present church edifice was erected. After its coni[)le-
tioii, the old church was s<;ld, and has since been
burned. Also during Mr. Elder's ministry, John Court-
ney, Duncan Stuart, Rol)ert Clark and J. (i. Stevens
were elected and ordained as Elders, of the St. Stephen
Church.
In 1X(;;> or -1, Rev. Robert iMoo(lie became pastor,
but K tained the situation only a short time. In ISO'),
H.'v I',.,,.,- M. M„n-iso„ hoonn,,. ,,,,sto,.. ACI..,. |,is ,vs
In ,l,«-(n,„.. IVsLvtcrians ,„1„,„ „„. w..s(,„i„stc.r
-';'^';'-v"'-™.-e •H.i,™:::^,,, ;, ;;:';:;:r
I>. .-gates lVo,„ ,sov..,.al I'.o.l.v.ories c.„ns,i,„„. a ,Sv J V
an,. ,,. ..,.„o« ,Von, seve,-al .Sj-nods ,o„„ ,„e ^, j
lower to the liiohcr of those C
justerl, and by tlieir eoncu,Te,it"a^ion
ourts, (lilllciilt
It's are ad-
tlie Chiireh
ed to 1)0 in aeeord
IS carried on. Tlie
tlie great work of
arrangement is supjws-
Ow
'Hiee with Apostoliealusao-e
H!nga handsome elnn-eh
wealth and worth, tlie Presl
and l)(Mng people of
have before tl^em a bright ancfh
nterians of St. 8te])h(
n
'ippy future.
^^
184
MILLS.
xxrx.
MILLS.
Tlio rich forests lured the palo faced people to the
St. Croix valley. The noble trees have fiirnisluMl the
means of siihsistence to nearly all the citizens of Calais
and St. Stephen. Bnt to render tlieir huj^c trunks mar-
ketable, it was necessary to manufacture tlunn into tim-
ber, deal, Joist, boards and laths; and hence, saw-mills
were indispensable. These facts were perceived and
acted u[)on at an early day.
Ai)ont 1780, Daniel Hill, Jeremiah Frost, and Ja-
cob Libbey built a small, rude mill, on Porter's Stream,
near its mouth. This was the lirst saw-mill. It was
supplied with logs from trees growing near the stream,
cut and rolled in, without the aid of a team. Here the
first boards were sawed, and here the graat business of
the place l)egan.
About 178.5, Wm. Moore built a saw-mill and
grist-mill, in the parish of St. David, at the j)lace ever
since called '"Moore's Mills." These mills, often re-
built or reprired, are still running, and jjartly owned.])y
his thrifty descendants. There is also at the i)resent
time, machinery for carding wool and making shingles
and turning, on the same dam.
In 178J) or 1)0, Henry Goldsmith erected a grist-
mill and saw-mill on the Waaweig river ; and thither
the farmers of St. Stephen and St. George carried their
grain to be ground.
Not long after, Danid Hill's mill having been swept
away by a great freshet, another mill was erected by
Peter Christie, Joseph Porter and others, on the same
MII-LS.
18')
Rtn'Jitu Mini lu'jir tlic silo ol'llu' tirst ojm'. This wns nm
pi'nlit.'ilily loi' niiiiis N«'.'irs.
The Hist mill on tlir in:iin r'w'V, wns l)iiilt nt Mill-
town, Jihoiit the iK'uiiniiim" of the pii'soiit ('ciiliiiv, l\v
AInHT ilill, IV'tcr Christii' and others. On its compk'-
tion, it wMs found to iro so swiftly and sti'on<rlv tlnil it
WMs christened the "nrisk Mill." It stood on the
Ainerie.'in side of the river ;!ind a mil' hearinu' the same
name
^till
saws hrisKlN o
n the
old
<ite
'he Wasliinu:-
ton mills were hnilt soon after, on the sa'iie dam. In
1)^0'). a mill was erected at Harinuj, l»y Daniel Hhodes
and Maltiah Lane, for W(n. \'ance, Ks(|. ; and soon af-
tei\ other mills werelmilt at snch places on tlu' ri\er as
Si'emed most comenient for tlu' Inmlternien.
These mills run well, and it was easy to procure
lo<i^s for them : hut it was veiy didicult to lict the manu-
factui'ed lumlier to tide water. Halls couM not l»e lun
down Sjilmon Falls without breakinu, and the roads in
Summer weiv almost impassihie for a loaded team. In
this emer<i('ncy. a sluice from the mills to tlii' head of
the ti<le, was suu'^cstc(l, and aliout l.so."), after much
talk and correspondence. Maruaret and Susanna Camp-
bell of Scotland furnishe(l the money, and the sluice
was built for them, on the St. Stephen side of the river.
It j)roved so useful and profitable th.'it it has been kej)t
in operati<jn ever since. It remained the projierty of
the Campbells until five or six years a<iT). when it was
sold at auction in St. Andi'cws, and bouuht for a few
hundred dollars, by C. F. Todd and the Katon Hros..
by whom it is still owned.
Al)()iit the same time, i. e. IJ^O;"), a board sluice
was also built on the American side of the river. Ironi
jMilllown to Middle Landinji". It worked well and was
much used until the rniou mills were built, when, lack-
in»i: a convenient place to discharge its freig^lit, it ceased
to be used.
In 1H24, Capt. Seth F^merson and Amaziah Nash
built a saw-mill ami urist-mill, for (ireen and Shaw, at
Ferry Point rapids, near the site of Samuel Hideout's
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(716) 872-4503
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MILL8.
grist-mill. These mills for a loniLi:: time were vnlujiMc
l)r()i)('rty.
In lfS2() niid 7, Caj)!. KiiuTsoii Itiiilt for .loscj)!!
Wliitucy. A. 1*011(1, Jones. Tike and Whipple, at iNIid-
(Ue Landiiiii', new I'nion \'illa<i:e, the Lafayette mills.
Thc'V went into operation in the Sprin<»of 1.S27. A few
years after, these mills were pui'chased and for a time
sneeessfnily run Ity Messi-s. Henry and Frank Hiehai'ds ;
l)nt tile fate of tliesc lirothers was sin<;ularly tra<>ie.
Henry went to India ; and while atli'mptin^" to reach
Knrope hy tlie over-land route, he was sun-struek and
partially demented, llis friends carried him to F>n<>;-
land, and there he soon after died. Frank married a
dau^l'ter of Kolu'i't (lardiner. Fs(j.. of (iardinei', Mo.
Several years alter, a daughter of Mr. Richards, while
bathing or at j)lay, was accidentally di'owned in the
Kennebec river near her graiKlfather's. The father great-
ly depressed by this sad bereavement, and perhaps not
caring to live any longer, subsecpiently lost his life by
drowning, not far from the spot whei'i' his daughter
{)erished. Thus these unfoi'tunate brothers passed away.
Since then, many mills have been built and rebuilt,
and great imi)rovements have been made in their ma-
chinery. There are now in Baring, eight gangs, two
nniles or muleys. (single saws that move very lapidly.)
four shingle, and six lath, machines ; in Milltown. seven-
teen gangs, two nuileys, and sevi'iiteen lath machines :
at the Union, nini' gangs, one muley, nine lath, and
two shingle, machines; — all in active and profitable
motion except during the Winter.
SK("OM> UAl'TIST (iHlUlI. — ( ALAIS.
1.S7
XXX.
2nd fiArriST CHURCH— CALAIS.
In 1H4(). tlir |)(>i)iil:iti(»ii of ("mImIs was 2I)."M . and
the nuinhcr stcadilx incrcMsiiiLi-. Tlicrc wcn'only Iwo
nctive ohnrclu's in tlu- villaiic : and tlicro aijpcnrcd tolx'
room Tor a lliii'd, .Several of the families I'esidinji' in
this locality l»nt afliliatinii' with tlie Uaptist Chnreh in
Milltown. f«'!t the need of a place of worship nearer
home. IJesides, the Milltown Society seenic(l al>nn-
dantlv lar<i;e enonuh to swarm aji^ain withont imijairiny,
Its stability or nsefnlness.
Aecordinuly after many a loni»' and prayc'rfnl con-
snltation. and not without some fears and donhts. fifty
memlters of the parent Chnreh weiv set olf. Dec. '1\).
1<S41, ajid (>'ganize(l into a Society, called at iii'st the
"'Calais Villaj.(' Iiai)tist Chnreh ;" lint in 1K.')1 , the name
was changed to the •'2nd IJaptist Chnreh." The or-
j>;anization took place in (ioodnow's Hall, a hnildini;
then standinu" not far from the site now ocianiied l>y
Kalish's clothin<i: store. Rev. John A. Hagar of East-
port presidi'd at the Conncil. and delivered the sermon
for the occasion. Harrison Tweed. Kscp, nowof Tann-
ton, Mass., was chosen clerk ; Hon. Noah Smith and
Elijah Stearns. Deacons; Noah Smith, Elijah Stearns,
E. D. (4reen and Harrison Tweed, Standing" Connnittee ;
and Rev. E. D. \'ery. Pastor.
The Chnreh tluis delil»erati'l\ inangni-ated. was
composed laruelv of intelligent, active and inilnential
peo[>le, who had migrated to Calais fro'^i Massachnsctts
and the western part of Maine. At once they Itegan
188
FIKST UAPTrST CIIUHCII, CALAIS.
earnest work.
Re<riilar
nieetin<?s on
Sundnv, and
Wednesday evcninj^s, were estal)lislied ; and they liave
continned to the present day without interruption. Of
tlieoriiiinal nienilK>rs, only Harrison Tweed. Mi's. (iuest,
Mrs. Sarah Washhurn, Airs. F. A. I*ii\e. Mr. and Mrs.
Thonuis Johnson an<l a lew <»tliers are now living'; l)nt
the <»:ood work which tliev inau<!;urated is still sjroin<»;on
as eai'nestly and successfully as ever.
(4oodnow's llall. iu which the S(K*iety worshii)[)ed,
was soon I'oinid to l)e small, inconnnodious and unpleas-
ant ; and in Maich. 1812, a Coininittee was chosen ''to
make an elfoi't to huild" a meetinii-hou»ie. The lot of
land on Main St., where the Methodist church now
stands, was })urchased forS*2(>0. The corner stone w;[is
laid in May, I8l;5, and the house deilieated ^vitll ap-
propriate services, Oct. '2\. 1844. It was the same
edilice that is now occupied by the JMetluxlist Soiiety as
a place of worshij) ; and its cost was ahout SaOOO.
liev. K. D. Very, the lirst pastor was a scholarly,
ener<i;elic man and an able preacher. 15ut the growth
of the Church did not meet his expectation, there was
didiculty in raising the money to pay his salary, he felt
(lualilied for a larger and more diverse tield of labor, and
hence in June, 1843, he resigned his pastoral charge
and soon after left town. Subsequently' he became the
editor of a religious paper in St. John, N. B., and a
professor in Acadia College. He eventually perished
by the swamping of a boat on the coast of Nova Scotia.
Thus far the growth of the Church had been slow.
But in March, 184o, Rev. H. V, Dexter, now of Bald-
winville, Mass., a native of Wyane, Me., a graduate of
Waterville College and Newton Theological School,
visited Calais and preached for a tinse in the new meet-
ing-house. Innnediately o deep religious interest be-
gan to be manifested ; and it continued through the
entire Spiing. The Spirit was poured out without
measure, and many were added to the Church, Thus
strengthened and encouraged, in May. Mr. Dexter was
unanimously invited to become the pastor of the Society.
He accepted ; and the following September he was in-
FIRST liAPTI.ST CIIl'HL'H, CALAIS.
180
stiillod. lieiiiu, !i Ic.'inu'tl. tulcnlcd uinl devoU'd minis-
ter, prosperity altt'iidcd his entire pMslorMtc.
Tlic sauic niontli, Sept. LSI'). .lames W, Smith. ;i
son ()l"Il(tii Noah Smith, was licensed to prcacli. lie
is now one of the most eminent Baptist Divines in I'lii.-
tidolphia, and a I).l). Thns tl»e lire kindh'd hert', hnrns
and shines there, and in many other [)hices, with lieal-
in|j; in its beams.
The affairs of the Chnrch from this time havetlowerl
on with <>;eneral peace and prosperity. 15h'sse<l with an
excellent pastor, tlie niectinj»s were pleasant and profit-
iible, and l)Ut tew incidents of un^'thiniz; that needs to
be ree(M'deil, occnrred.
In May, l^^47, tlie Church ordained Rev. John
Johnson who recently died in China, Asia. Mr. .lolin-
son married a wealthy (ierman lady, and touether they
became missionaries among- the lieathen. Mrs. Johnson
for many yeais has tanght a school consisting entirely
of Chinese girls, and in that wayhas<lonea vastaraonnt
of good. Some of the wo-nen thus edncatiMJ ure now
teaching others, and thus the good intlnence will long
'jontinue to radiate. Mr. Johnson was also an able and
etllcient woplvcr among the benighted.
In the Spring of 18-VJ, there was anotlier refreshing
season of religious inter-jst, and (piite a large accession
of members to the Chuioh. The same year, E. D.
Green was chosen Deacon ; and J. C. Washburn, Kscj.
having died, Geo. W. Dyer was elected Clerk. Again
tlie wheels turned smoothly.
In 1854, after a pleasant and profitable pastorate of
nine years, Dr. Dexter, hoping {uobably to do more
good in some other locality, resigned his parochial of-
fice, and went away. Every person in the Society de-
sired him to remain ; but he woukl go, and the peo})le
were compelled to submit to his departure. When he
left, the many kind worils spoken and the many tears
shed by his people, evinced the sincyrity and depth of
their esteem.
In May, 18,)4, the Society invited Rev. E. C.
Mitchell to be- ome its postor. He was a grandson of
1«I0
SKCOM) HAP'UST riUHCH. — ( AI.Als.
fIii(l<jjo Wliiliuiin and a ncplu'w of Rev. Jason Whiliiian,
of Portland, lie acci'pted tin; invitation, and was or-
<laln('(l and insliilli'd in .Iinic; — Hcv. Dr. Stockhridiio
r)(' lioston pi'cacliinu' the sninon tor the occasion. Mr.
Mitclicll \v:is a well (idncatcd and pleasant nnin. and an
easy oxtcinporanoons speaker; :nid the |)Mrisli vva-< well
satisded with liis labors. In Nov. the late (i. D. Kin<j^
was chosen a De.'icon. to snpi)ly diirinu" tlu' tre(pient ab-
sences of l)ea. X. Smith. The next Sprinu. l.s;");'). there
w:is atiother reliijions revival, and nioie additions to the
("hnrch. .Mar. o, l.sr)lj, Mr. Mitchell's health having
tailed. ;ind there being some pecuniary enibarassnients,
he resigned and went away. He is now a professor in
a 'I'heologic.al Seminary in Chicago.
I'v.irjy in l.s.'iC), the meeting-honse on Main St. l)eing
too sm:ill lor the Society and not suited to its taste and
needs. w:is sold to the Methodi-.ts, who took possession
on the first day of April, and preparations f'oi' erecting
a new house, on Chureh St., were at once begun.
The next pastor, Uev. A. F. Spanlding of East
Caniltiidge, a graduate of lirown I'niversity, — a pleaK-
ant, stirring man and mu agi'eeal)le si)eaker. — assumed
tlie lormnl charge of the Society in Dec. IH,")!!. The
next Sprinu there vvjis jinother revival of religious in-
terest and more additions to the Church. These annual
revivals kept the ])arisu wide awake, and ins[)ired it
with large hope and healthy ambition.
Meanwhile the late Dea. (J. D. King having assum-
ed the main lin:incial res[)onsil)ility in bnildiu' the new
meeting-house, the work was pushed on so vigorously
that the structure was completed and dedicated in May,
IH")?. The building cost about Slo.OOO, and a consider-
able debt was incurred in its construction; but so well
pleased wei'e the brethren with theii" new, religious
Home. th:it all of them contributed generously, and the
entire debt was soon licjuidate*].
In Oct, 1H{)(), Mr. Spanlding resigned, and the
same month. Di'. Dexter again became the i)astor. This
change of ministers was etfected with the best of feeling,
and to the entire satisfacti<tn of the Society. INIr.
SKCONU IJAI'TLST ("III K( II. « AI-AI.S.
litl
SpMiiIdiiii!: now icsidcs in Xoiwitli. C'l. In l.s«;i. Win.
Woods was chosen Clerk. lie still rotnins tlwit ollice,
nnd to him the writer is indehted for nwmv of the fuets
eontiiined in this sketch.
With its tal ntiMl pastor and oxceliont inoetiiiij-
liouse, the Society continucfl t(/ prosper. IJnt in 1>^(!1>.
Kev. Dr. De.vtei' aijain resiiiiied, and soon alter. Rev.
K. B. Kddy, a native of l*n>vidence, R. I., a scholarly
an(l zcalons worker, was selected as his snccessoi-. Dnr-
inu his pastorate thus far, sixty ei^ht nieinlters have
been added to the Chnich. The whole nnniher ot'nieni-
bers at the close of 1.S74, was one hnndred and ninety.
The Deacons of the Cluirch have l)i'en, — Hon. Xoah
.Smith, K. I), (ireen, Klijah Stearns, ^i. 1). Kir.i;, (>. IV
Rideont< Samuel Kelley," Wm. Woods, ('. R. l^ike. Tiie
first four have passed on to the hi<iher life.
In closinji; this chapter, it is but jmstice lo a«ld that
the success of this Church is the result, un<U'r Divine
Providence, of the sterling integrity of its founders, the
faithful ministry of its alile [)astors, and the constant
zeal of its members. Besides defraying the ordinary
expenses of the Sabbath service, it has generally con-
tributed to the support of feeble churches in the vicin-
ity, of the Bilde and Tract Societies, of Academies and
Colleges, and of the Home and Foreign Missionary So-
cieties. It has given S5()0 to the Bai)tist Society in
Iloulton, $1800 to Colhy College, and [)ledged tis much
more to c>tlier denominational schools. Dea. Sumuel
Kelley gives SlOOO for this purpose ; and he has also
liberally contributed toward the endowment of a school
in Burmah to educate young men for the ministry.
1!>2
SMlCdLFNC.
XXXI.
Calnis Jind St. Stcplicn l)oinu; border towns with
only !i iwurow river hotwcon tlioin, their citiznis h.'ivo
ol't(Mi Ix'i'ii .'U'cnscd of ovjidinjj tho revenue laws; and
cei'tainly tiiere have Ix'on some temptations in tliis di-
rection. Various articles of merchandise in common
use, — coffee, tea, su<!;!ir, tobacco, heel", butter, friction
juatches, jiloves,. sili\s, Jeweh'v. ardent spirits, etc.. —
have often been fVoin ten to thirty per cent, hii^her on
one side of the river than on tlie otlier. Four l)ridges
span the river, and there are other easy ways of cross-
inu'. All the |)eoph? in the vicinity are neiiiiibors ami
tViends to each other, and not a few aro relatives and
business partners. The <X'ipc ot* poverty and the desire
for wealth, alike prompt men to Imy and sell to the best
advantage. The iniienious can readily find some way to
escape detection, and some <rood citizens are unable to
perceive any sin in [juichasiiii; <!;oods on one side of the
river and (piietly cai'ryin<^ them to the other side. In
view of all these circumstances, it is loijical to infer that
every week, some of Adam's fallen posterity will export
and import merchandise without consultinp^ the author-
ities of either the I'nited States or (Jreat Britain. Tho
contraband tralllc has <;enerally been carried on in good
nature; and when, as has freiiuently ha|)pened, the un-
wary are detected, they submit to tl»e awards of the law,
without a niurmur. A thousand stories are told, of de-
tection or escape, some comic and some serious but
only a few are worth repeatiuii.
About the year 1<S32, a large (luantity of smuggled
goods were seized in Milltown, N. B., and the revenii'^
SMIMir.LINU.
193
orflcers 8ont sevoral toams to carry tlioni to tho ('ii«toni-
hoiise. The jjooiIh wore (iiiiotly loadotl ; but siuMonly.
as the teams wore about to start, a larj^o force of white
men dis'iuiscd as Indians and fantastically arni"d, rush-
ed in, sei/.ed the teams and <Irovc them to the American
side of the river. This was a «5ravc crime, and for a few
.hours there was intense excitement and imminent dan-
gler of hard i)Iows. Hut wise counsel [»revailed, a com-
promise was effected, and the affair was settled without
any violence, arrests or permanent ill feelintr.
A few years later a somewhat similar occurrence
took place in Calais. The tributaries of the St. Croix
flo^v from both Maine and New Brunswick; and lumber
is cut and logs <lriven from nearly all of them. The
ni!Il men of Milltown had no means of knowing on
which side of the State line the trees grew, which they
were manufacturing into boards, hence tliey very natur-
ally fell inio the lawless habit of sending the sawed
lumber down to that side of the river from which it would
be shipped to tho best advantage. But every now and
then a valuable raft of lumber that happened to reach
the wrong bank of the river, woid<l be seized and con-
fiscated by the American oflicers. At length these an-
noying events became so alarmingly fre(|uent that it
v/as evident that some unknown and unofficial person
was acting as u spy an<l informer. This angered the
lutjil)ermen, and after vainly trying in a peaceable way
to ascertain the name of the informer, some foity of
them, painted and disguised as Indians, and armed with
old muskets, war clubs and tomahawks, seized two U. S.
revenue officers, placed them in wagons and drove into
St. Stephen. As they went, some of them sharpened
their bayonets on the rapidly rolling wheels, and threat-
ened violence ; thoujih probal))y without any murderous
intention. Arriving at a secluded spot, a long consul-
tation was held, and the name of tl.'cspy, without being
told, was indicated with sufficient clearness. The pris-
oners were then rtieased. But in the meanwhile the
Calais militia had been called out, and a great tumult ex-
cited. However, no one was arrested or injured ; the
I!M
SMI'<i<iMN«i.
I
1.5
Hiispcctod informer left town th:it nij^lit to he absent
HJany yoiira, jind the honest hinihernien were trouhU'd
no nioi'e.
On one oe(!;ision, a pions snin'^ghir on tlie English
side of the river, by a very ionij, fjiniily prayer detaine<l
the revenne officer until the eoiitrMhund nuM'cii.indise
\V!i8 removed and secreted. A strange nseofpraver.
In 1«4.'{, :in Kn^lish, Custom house spy was cloth-
ed with a coat of tar and feathers, ufenerously <^iven
iiim l»y a party of Caucassiaii Ind'ans. I'he spy aban-
doned his business. an<l none of the Indians were ealh'd
to account.
But in general, the ofllcers are faithful and the
citizens loyal ; and all that .John Hull or Brother Jona-
than, reall}' reciuirc-', is circumspectly done.
NKW (•III:K(HKS.
lur.
XXXII.
NKW CHURCHES.
Faith deals in tlio jihstract 1111(1 iiivisihlo, and not
nntrcquontly, spccuhition supplants tlu' keen oyed scr-
ai)h, and lills our minds with vain ima<i;inini^s. As re-
sults, schism after schism rends the one true C'hureii.
and a thousand sects and schools sprinjji: to life; — each
one positive that it has '"the truth, the whole truth, and
nothin<2; but tlie truth." In every comnninity, there is
a variety of reli<»ious opinions ; an<l as soon as those in
agreement become sulllcicntly numerou ,, a new Ciiurch
is instituted. In Calais and St. Stephen this has fre-
quently been do!ie, and as the towns continue to increase
in population, the number and variety of their religious
sects will probably also increase. Within a few years,
three new places of worship have been erected, and
three new couiirreiiatioi.s tjatliered. As yet they are too
youiiij; to have a history, but a statement of their birth
seems pro[)er. The first, largest and strongest, is the
BAPTIST CIIUUCH, — ST. STEPHEN.
When Rev. Duncan M'CoU came to St. Stephen,
in 17><5, he found a Baptist minister there. Neither
his name nor the length of time he remained in the
place, is now known ; Init he was without (|uestion, the
first clergyman that preache(l in the vicinity. For some
reason, he failed to make any lasting impression, and
men of otlicr sects took and occuj)i(*d the field. Still,
probably there have been some I>aptists in St. Stephen,
ever since that early date.
Tlie number gradually increasing, and it being
somewhat inconvenient for them to attend the churches
1<J0
NKW CimiU'IIKS.
14
i
oftlHMr faith ill Militown hihI ('uiuis, it was at loti^tli
(I(?(miumI a«lvisal)Ic to erect a ineetin<»;-liou8e for their jihc,
on their .side of the river. 'V\w work began in 18(57.
The leading man in the enterprise was V. B. Katon,
Ksq., without whose wise counsels and j^enerous assist-
ance, the structure could uot luivebeeii completed. The
house was finished near the close ol'lH')!), and dedicated
in Jainiary, 1870. Tiie cost was aho.'.t S''0(K), and the
edilice is luindsonie, pU>asant and satis'V.ctory.
Soon al'ler, a Clnu'ch was organ, /<mi. At first it
contained only seventeen members; — half of whom had
j)revi()usly belonged to the Bai>tist Church in Calais.
The present number, .lanuary, 187;'), is seventy-six.
The d(!acons are (ieo. S. iMcKenzic and (ieorge
I)e Wolfe. The (irst pastor, llev. I. K. Hopper, settled
in August, 1801), and retired in May, 1872. The pres-
ent pastor began in the following August. The Society
is healthy and prosperous, and hopes by the continued
generosity of Mr. Eaton, to be soon free from debt.
frp:k will baptist church, — Calais.
The religious sect that bears this name originated
about a century ago, in New Hampshire, under the min-
istry of Rev. lienjamin Kandal, a convert of the cele-
brated (Ieorge Whitetield. It insists on baptism by
immersion, lioUls the Anninian phase of laith, and is
Congregational in policy. In 181 "), Rev. .John Colby,
a zealous advocate of Freewillism, visited Eastport and
succceeded in converting quite a numl»cr of people to
his faith and feeling. A church was instituted ; and
from that day to this, the citizens of Calais have often
heard of the Free Will liaptists. Still, no societ>- of
this denomination was formed here until six or eight
yars ago ; when a small meeting-house was built by
Wm. Poole, at the Union village, and a small congre-
gation gathered. There is no other Society in the vi-
cinity, and this one ought to })rosper, but it has not.
In 1872-3, Rev. Matthias Ulmer did succeed in awaken-
ing quite an interest; and Rev. Mr. Ilanling, the pres-
ent pastor, is doing all that can be done ; yet the Church
NKW (Jill U('IIK».
197
only lniif;ui«hos. It is not iinprolj.'ildc. however, (luU
at no (lislant (lay, assistol liy the I'actorii's that may 1k'
cri'dcd in that vicinity, this Church may become as a
"city set on a hill.
SKCON!) ADVKNT rUlUClf, MILI.TOWN.
F^ver since the flays of the Apostles, the startlin<jj
rumor has occasionally ^ot into circulation, that the end
of the world and the ^reat day of judgment were at
hand. The last instance ol' this delusion occurred about
thirty-five years ago; when \Vm. Miller of New York,
prcilicted and tried to prove by Daniel and John that
the great event would transpire April 2;J, l^^l.'5. It was
reported that at one time there were a thousand preach-
ers and a million believers of Miller's theory. Hut the
dies irac (piietly passed, the good old world did not end,
and Millerism exploded. Vet somehow there arose
from its debris, a m'w sect, — the Second Adventists,
which holds that the end of the existing <lis[)ensation is
near, and when it arrives, Christ will come again, and,
having aimihilat('(l the wicked, will establish his pure
and perfect kingdom on the earth ; — "a consummation
devoutly to be wished."
To promulgate and defend this pleasing theory,
some of the more zealous Second Advent preachers,
not long ago, used to travel around the country, hohl-
ing ''protracted meetings" beneath the roof of a iuam-
moth tent. In their peregrinations, about 18(17 or s,
they came to Calais and pitched their tent in Milltown.
A nmltitude flocked to see and hear the novelty, sjnait
sermons were preached, converts were made and a
Church, not large but zealous, was soon started. The
tent having been removed, the Society purchase«l a hall
of Hon. J. S. Hall, and there held its meetings and
prospered. 15ut becoming dissatisfied with the hall, in
1871^, it built and paid for, a substantial and comfort-
able meeting-house, on the very spot formerly occupied
by the sacred tent. The inside of the house was paint-
ed by the ladies of the Church. Tlie present pastor is
Rev. W. M. Corliss — a zealous and faithful minister.
lOH
CEMKTKHIKS.
i
xxxiir.
CEMETERIES.
Mnii is mortal, (lo wlicrc lie iimv, doatli finds
liiin, .'111(1 caiisos liis IkxIv "'to return to the diist. r.s it
was;" and then foiiics the need of sonic sacred locality
in which to liurv the dead. Very soon after their arrival
liere, the early settlcM's felt this need, and were coni-
peiiod to select suitable places lor the internient
of their decease d frieiKb
The natural desire of tho
surxivors, when a d(»ar one dies, is to bury the precious
remains in some i)leasaii1 spot within si^ht and near
home. Obeyimr an impulse of this kind, many New
England farmers, a generation or two ag'o, liad small,
family <»rave-yards on their own land, and not far from
their houses; and (juite })robably some of the Calais and
St. Stephen people in the early days, in(lul<2;ed in this
practice. Sul)se(|uently however, as the population in-
creased, and deaths became more fre(juent, it seemed
more convenient and symi^'ithetic, for several neighbors
to unite in locating and using a common burial ground.
Among those in Calais, was one at Ked Beach,
still used ; another at liog lirook, still used : another
quite large one on the land south of 1>. M. Flint's resi-
dences long since abandoned and the site occupied by a
school-house ; and anotiier in the village of Milltown,
also long ago abandoned. About l-Sjo. the town i>ur-
chased ten acres of land on the hill near South INIill-
towii St.. and consecrated it as the Calais Ceine
tery
Kecently more land adjoining it has been bought an;
devoted to the same purpose. A portion of it is set
f
CEMKTKHIKS.
l!>i)
Mpnrt l(M- i\w use. <>r tl.o Cnliiolics. Tlu" sito cf this
('(Mnot.ry is so olovatod as t., (.(.nnnan.l a vi.w <,f '
nroo portu>,j of Calais and St. SK-plH-n. TIm.v are in
It n.any <rr;uU,\ avonncs and |,atl,s. and n,.t a low hnnd-
sonic nionnuM-nts an.l lus-.d slcu's. Tl.r ..jtv i^wrv
year appropriates scvc^ral hundred dolhirs lor" its ini-
provement ; and at no distant davit .vill rank an.on -
the most ])oautirul eenietorios in the State. "
1 VH' ^r: '"^jJ'P'x'" peoi'If liMve, until reeentiv, lol-
mved the Enoiish fashion of usin^^ land adjaeent t a
church as a -rave-yard. Henee in a.ldition ,, the huri-
itoMliV^'Y/"'"''''''' ^»- ^^-ter road, and on
the Ol Kidne. th(M-e nas a eenieterv eonneeted with
each ol the older ehurehes. IJut it llavino- Ion J I !
po.ve.ved that this fashion served to per,H.tuati; ne"
lectod lorlorn and repulsive looki„o' o-,ave-var,ls \u
N. Maiksl.mothy Crocker, A. II. Thonipsou. Dani'd
I annon. R II. To.ld, Z. Chipman, Daniel SnllhL
and S. (.. S tevons, ],y .,„ net of the Provincial Parlia-
in(M. nnit(.l ,n a corporate capacity for tlu^ purpose- f
p.ovid.nir and n.aintainin.n: a eenieterv wothvofthe
n
and its thriftv inhabitants
bouirht sixtv-li
S
ve acres o land, near the II
oon after, thev
and laid it out and enclosed it for a '^Citv ot'tl
Much o-o,k| taste is displayed in the se'l
ii.ison roa(|,
leDead.'
site and the arrano-ement of tl
ic <rroun(l>
ection of this
of avenue and patii wind throuoh the neatl
T
vvo miles
trees. Skilfully chiseled marble
y trimmed
the d
entrance of" the enclosure, the'visi'tor ' m
and <rranite'tell wl
oar departed repose ; while in fVont of tl
I ere
sweep of the river and the homes ol" the 1
bank, licquicscant in pace.
le main
iiy see a loniif
ivinjr on eitiier
200
APPENDIX.
APPENDIX.
The following: items of incidents, facts and penealop:y,
seem essential for the completion of these annals. They
relate only to fan)ilies that came liere prior to 1840, and
only to such of them as haye occupied somewhat consfncn-
ous positions; and even many of them are left out for lack
of space. If errors are discovered in names or dates, the
writer can only plead tluit he reports what was told him by
those who seemed to be best informed.
Baunaki),
John, of Boston, married Anna Kendall of Dorchester ;
came to Calais about 1818, thoujrh his family remained in
Massachusetts; in company with Amaziah Nash, turnpiked
the road from Calais to Robbinston, about 1820; built the
house now used by W. II. Younj^ as a hotel; eno:af^ed
in trade ; in 1836, returned to Boston ; and died at his home
in Dorchester, in 1859.
His son Edward A. Barnard, came to (^alais in 1836:
enjrajred in trade ; has been a successful merchant; mar-
ried Mary Ann Shepherd of Jefferson. Children : — Mrs.
Anna K. Kummel of Milwaukee, Wis. ; Mrs. Harriet L.
Porter, G. T., M. I),; P'rank A., mortally wounded in the
U. S. army at Rappahannock Station ; Henry II. ; ChiraE.
BOAUDMAN,
William, was born in Newburyport, Mass., in 1789;
married Esther W. Tappan, also of Newburyport; was for
a tim(!, a successful lutu'chant in his native town; in 1826,
came to Calais with his family; nev*^r after enprajjed in any
very extensive business; was (!ver kind, upri<;ht and gen-
tlemanly. At the fiftieth anniversary of his weddinjr, in
I865,when e ach one of his livin<r children and fl^randchildren
brou<?ht to him and his wife some golden token of esteem,
he became over excited and was never after entirely well.
He died in 1867.
I
APPKNIUX.
201
the
Ifor
in-
in
fen
ill.
Willi.nu Ilciiiy;
of East port, d.:
Chililreii:— A.laline Todd, F. II.;
George A.; Caroline M. Ilayden, C. II ,
Anna L. Eaton, II. F. ; (lorhain, of New York cltv; Charles
E.;]Mary E. Dexter, Kev. II. V.,1). D., formerly of Calais;
Emily F. Lowell, Ehvell.
1)emix(;,
William, son of Charles and Mehitabel, came to Cal-
ais from Hri^hton Mass., in 182t; has ever since been a suc-
cessful merchant; married Sarah Wilcox, of Dartmouth,
Mass. Children: — William, d. ; Mrs. Sarah J. rurin<j:ton,
Capt. Isaac: Mrs. Emma (Granger, Gen. G. F. ; Charles L. ;
Mrs. Rebecca Eaton, C. li.
DUHEN,
Hox. William, came from Waterville, Me., about
1827; engaged in lumbering and trade; has served as rep-
resentutiv*; and senator in tlie L(;gislature of Maine, and as
mayor of Calais: b(Min successful in busim^ss ; married Mary
Dutch; and has two childnai, viz: — Mrs. Adelaide Saw-
yer, Fj. D., of Cambridgeport, Mass.; Jed F'lye.
Dyeh,
Jones, came from Machias with his family, 1784. Ilis
children were, flames, .lones, Jr., Nathan, Mrs. Thomas
Hill, Mrs. .lackson, Mrs. Henry Knight, all deceased.
The children of Jam(\s were, James, Jr., Samuel, Mrs.
Chase, d., Mrs. Westbrook Kniglit. d.
' ^nes, Jr. marrii'd Lydia Knight, and their children
were, .»Irs. JNIaria Sawyer, Thomas; Mrs. Harriet White,
L. C, d. ; Edward S., of Washington Territory ; John II., il. ;
Harrison, d. ; Mrs. Lydia Kettelle of Boston ; Mrs. Sophia
Porter, C. C. Dr.; (ii'o. W. <.f Washingtcm, D. C. ; Mrs.
Helen lh'adl)urv, A. H., Dr.; Mrs. Josephim^ Dodgt; Dr.;
the hist two of Santa Barb;ii-a, California.
Eaton,
Joseph Emekson, a native of Groton, Mass. ; born in
1809; came to St. Stephen in 18;5(), and at once engag-
eil in lumbering. Soon after, the death of his brother-in-
law, David Wright, left to him the management of a large
business, which he conducted with great energy and abil-
ity. He continued in the lunibei-ing business until the
brief illness which terminated his life in 1809. His forluiu?
at ileath amounted to nearly §1,000,000. His children are,
Charles H.,of St. Stephen; Joseph 10., of Calais: Herbert;
Albert; Bradley, of Calais: Elizabeth Benton, Philadelphia.
202
AIM'KNDIX.
i>.i
Eat<>v,
IIknkv FitANKiJX, born in (Iroton, Mass.. in 1812, a
brotliur of J. EnKU.son Eaton, camc! to St. Stephen in 18.'}.'}.
II<; soon becanio a partner with his lirother in th(^ lu'ni oC
,J. E. Eaton tfc ('o. In 1842, the name <»f tjje (irni was
chanjj:e(l to II. F. Eaton &; Co., and the i);irtnershi|) contin-
ned until 18(J4:. Mr. K. is still enixajjed in })iisiness and is
estecMiied as one of tiie most (nier<;<!tie, r< lial)le and w(faUhy
men on th(; river. His ehildi'en aic, (niorj^o : Henrietta
May; Henry; Airaie K. ; Fr.ink; Wilfred.
Emehson,
Cai'I'. Sr/ni, came to Calais from liridLieton, Me., in
1825; built th(> lower liridije; framful the (irst ("onjrrejxa-
tional ehureh; built s(!veral saw-mills, and a <2;rist-mill
which he ran for s(!V(U'al y(^ars: mai-ried Mary Knijjht;
and had two children, viz: Fdward E. ; Mrs. Elizabeth
Lowell, R. ]}.
Gatp:s,
Salmon, born in Hubbardston, Mass., in 1783; came to
Calais and en<ra^<ul in <i;ettin<^ out ''ton timl)er," in 1808;
bronjjfht his family here in 1821 ; hauhul the lirst
lo;i;s into Grand Lake Stream, above the rapids; was a
strong, en(!rf>eti(^ man and skilful in usino^ all kinds <f
tools; married Luc}^ Chun'h. Children: — Mrs. Emeliiie
Kimball, ,1. S. ; Harriet; Martha; Asa (.'., of Wt'vmouth, N.
S. ; Ephriam C. ; Mrs. Lucy C. Wentworth, (j. M. ; Salmon S.
CwniMKU,
Tfiomas, of l*hilad(dphia, married Lydia Way of New
York, and settle«l in St. Stx^phen in 1785. Children: —
Thomas, d.; Mrs. lietsv Gotchell, Daniel: Jolm ; Mrs.
Katie Smith, .lolin, d. ; Nirs. Patty Thomas, ,Iolm ; Mrs.
Lydia Ma\w<'ll, David; James, d. ; William, d. ; Mrs. Amy
Eraser, Wm.; flesse.
Hall,
John, cam(» to CJalais from Howdoin, Me., in 1821.
('hildnm : — Mrs. Hachel Harvey and GritVin; Mrs. Mcu'cy
Enos, (Jeo. ; James Sullivan, who stM'ved the town as r<>p-
resentative in the Le<;islature of Maint;, ca[)tain and quar-
ter-mast(;r in tJK' army ai>;ainst the Rebellion, and mayor of
the city: Mrs. Jane Tracy, Wm.; Mrs. Mary Smith, Nat.;
Dana M.; John T. ; James Madison; Jacob V.; Mrs. Lu-
cinda Smith, Alex.; Velona.
ArPI'.NDlX.
2(i:{
IIll.L,
J.Vi'UKT, of Macliias had tli<' folhtwini; cliiMrcii : Sam-
nol; Abner; Stcplicn; Mrs, Doiidcll: Mrs. Kcziah McAllis-
ter. Jdlin : Mrs. Susan ( hristic, .Famos ; Mrs.Prisi-ilhi IMneo ;
Mrs. Stoiu! ; Mrs. Smith.
Grandchildren: — hy Sainiiol: .\nios; Mrs. Kcljceca
iJcadinji:, IOi)cn('z<'r; Mrs. I.ydia liurnhani, and Smith.
John; Mrs. Uicc ; Stephen; Jasper ; Alvin ; James r—hy Ab-
nei' who married Polly Whitney: (i(M). S. Hon.: Mrs. Mai-\
Bixby, flohn : Jotd ; Abtun-; I)ani(d; Mrs. Clarissa Todd.
Wni.;.rohn; Horatio X: — by Stephen: (Jeore'e ; Stephen :
Mrs. H(fLsey Frost, Oliver; Samuel; .loshua; Ann. d.
HlTClIFNdS.
JosiAii, of New Rostoii, \. H.. came with the Loyal-
ists in 17Hi. His children w<'re, Josiah : I >aA- id. of Cooper,
Me.: William of St. David; John of Hudson, Wis.; Rol)ei-t
of St. Ste])hen : Mi's. Hannah Moore ; Mrs. Stretclj; Mrs.
Uridj^es of Charlotte, Me.
I'obert inarri«'d Hachel Willet of (rcu-mantown. N. J..
and their children wei'e. IJodney : Kachel : Samutd: Wil-
liam; Stejjlw'n H. John; .Vnn I^. ; Mai-\- Al.; Kliza.
Stephen H. ; married Charlotte Eaton ofCin-ton, ]^Iass..
and their childr(Mi are, Mrs. Frances Taylor, Rev., LakeC>ity.
Wis. ; Henry; I{o!)ert.
Kf.i.i.f.v,
Benjamin, M. I)., of (iihnanton, N. H., married Mary,
daujihter of MaJ. (lile of lOppiiiLT, N. H. Their son Samuel
was born in Xorthwood, X. il., Au^. 2. 17!>7; at the a<jf(! of
tw<'nty went to St. (jie<jr«j:e, X\ 15 ; came in 1821, to(Jalais;
on«rau(Ml in trade in company with (Jorham and Sti^arns
Kimball ; two years :ift<'r, bou^rht a farm embracing the
land now oi-cupied by the southern half of the villaire : set-
tU.'d for life, and enij;a;i.('d in farminjif, t»"adlnn' in land and
hiinberina:; in 1.S21. marricul Mary Danford of Wiscasset.
by whom li«^ had ten childi-en. viz: — Charles H. d.; Mrs.
IMary Dyer, Ceorjxe, <1.; Mrs. Kmelim^ Kiiiir, (Ject. (}.;
Benjamin F. ; Susan, d. ; Mrs. Ann M. Wadsworth, I>. L..
of Boston; Sauund ; Frederic; P. d. ; EmmaS. ; Hannah D. <1.
KlF.NE,
Jaiuis. born in Duxburv. Mas^.. in 1770; was a ship
l)uilder; came to Calais in 1S(K); built the lirst vesstd in
Calais; married Lucy lvni<j;ht and had lifleen childi-en ; viz :
— Jarins, d. ; Isaac, d.; Truxton, d. ; Mrs. ]\Iarv Ann Hink-
ley ; William ; Elzim, »l. ; Harrison ; Atkins ; Uobert ; Georj^e ;
201
APPKNDIX.
i
Sullivan, d.; Loronzo, d, ; FrctU'ric ; Mrs. I>U(!vThirz.'i Ellis
and Vandino, lloiilton; Edward.
Lhp:,
JosKi'H A., came to Calais from Bnckspoil in 1H.'53;
cntori'd tin* (-alais Bank in 18;](;; was Clerk until 1839;
tlu^n Cashier imtil lS(;i);tlien President to the present time ;
niarrie(l Miiry Sawyer, and after her deeease, Isabella
'i'heohald of Wiseasset. Children: — Mrs. Thehe Kin*;, W.
R. d;Mrs. Eliznheth Newton, C.II. ; Mrs. Marv E. Ladd, C.
L. : Josei)h W., Hector of Christ's Chureh, Brooklyn, N. Y. ;
William il., of Ahsxander, Me.; Clara, Jane; Ernst.
EixnsAY,
NiNiAN, came from Ireland; settled in St. Stephen
about 17H(); owned l;md on ^V!lter St., just below tin; brid<:;(^ ;
married Ibmnah M:irks. Children :—Bobert: Ninian ; Mrs.
ElizM Ann Todd, Robert M.; Mrs. ElizMbeth Andrews,
Wm.; Andi'ew; (reorjr*' ; '"ind Caroline;. Mrs. Andrews is
the only one now living, but the grandchildren are nu-
merous.
Lowell,
Levi L., of Wiseasset, came to Calais in 1828, as a r(%'il
estat«.> agent for the proi)rietors ; has sold more than half
the land in town ; 'las also been a merchant; is an insurance
agent; married Emeline M. Danford, of Wiseasset. (./hil-
dren : — Mrs. Charlotte C. Kennedy, F. A., of CJambridge,
Mass.; Mrs. Alice li. Skilhngs of Wincln^ster, Mass.
LoWKLL,
Hei'BEN, of Rucklield, Me., married Sarah Smith of
Litchlield, Me. ; canu! to Calais in 1825; was a successful
merchant; died in \H'.]7. Children: — Mrs. MincM'va Hamil-
ton, and Chast;, 1). K. d. ; Reuben R. ; Frederic II. d.;
George A.; Mrs. Sarah Copeland, II. CsonofT. J. C'ope-
land.
McAllistek,
Daniel, married Mary Patterson, l)oth of New Boston,
N. II. , and cann^ to St. Stephen with the -'Cape Ann Asso-
ciation," in 178,"); was a faruKM' and lumberman. Children:
— ,Iohn ; William; Alexander; Retsy; Mis. Polly Harmon,
W. ; Mrs. Lydia Harmon, Nat.; Mrs. Sally Perkins, James,
of St. David.
John married Keziah Hill. Children: — Japhet H. d.
Daniel, of Rol)binston :Mrs. Elizabeth Watson, Thomas, d.
John, of Calais; William E. d. ; Stephen, d. ; George C. d.
APPKNDIX.
205
Henry S. d. ; Mrs. Louisa Porter, Jolin, il. ; Ilanisoii, il. ;
Abner.
^fAXAVKT.!-,
Jamks, a nntive of Irclaiul : settled in St. Stephen in
178."): married Hetsy Hill. C'liildren: — William; l);mi(d;
Mrs. H(ftsey (Iiimmer, .Folin; James; David, d.; .Joseph
II.; Mrs. lV»lly Haldwin, John, d. : Thomas; (leorjj^e; Sam-
lud, th(? yoiui;^ost, now, 187."), aijed sixty-live.
MlI.I'.F.IJKY,
Sami'EL, came from MnehiMs and settled in St. Stephen
17s<>: h:id three wives and nineteen children; the last
m
wife was Tolly Hill. Children: — .lames; John, d.; Oliver;
Hannah; Thomas, d.;Mrs. Jennette Xeshit. W. ; Mrs.
Lydia M:ixw(dl, I);ivid; Mrs. X:d)l)y Mitchell, James ; Mrs.
>i(dindaMa\well, John; rloseph; Mrs. Charlotte Mitdudl,
Asa, d, ; Mrs. Polly T:ite, Thomas.
MOOHK.
Wii.i.iAAi, came from New Poston, N. IT.: settled in
St. I):ivid in 1784. Children :—Kol)ert; William; John;
Georirc ; Tristnm; Mrs. Petsy Pnntin/j:; Mi's. Hannah Con-
niek: Mrs. Robert Hitchinus; Mrs. Ann.-i Whitn<'V. (Jrand-
ehildren: — by liobert: Jesse; Robert; Hem'v ; .lones ; and
William: — by William: (Jilman: 'I'homas; Ste])hen; .1.
Alexand(!r. Airs. Ilitchinirs; Mrs. Prown ; — by .lohn : Whit-
tier D. ; Josephns ; (Jeorfj^t; ; Willi:im; .losiah ; Ann; Mrs.
mary (Jarecdon; Asceni^th; Mrs. Caroline Piichanan ; Mrs.
Mary Ann Thompson; Mrs. M. Cainpbidl :— by Trist.-im :
Mrs. Eliza Peaks: Nelson ; ('yrns : Mrs. Myra NicAllister;
J. Warren: Mrs. Alice Wharf; .lustin: Simon C. ; Horatio
N. ; Mrs. Emily Williams; Mrs. Hannah Mooro ; Mrs.
Mar}' Earle.
Ml itriiiE,
AxDHF.w, came from Paisley, Scotland, pnndons to
1789: settled on the Old Ri<l<i:e, St. Stejihen. His two sons,
John and I)ani(d came with him. .John dietl childless.
Daniel married Miss Campbcdl of Castine. Tlieir
children W(ire, . lohn ; William; Andrew; James; Colin;
Mrs. Jane Ann McAdam; Mrs. Mar^ji^aret Grimmer; Mary;
Daniel ; John, now of Nevada City, Cal.
PiCKINS,
Leonard, was born in Taunton, Mass., and was
by trade a house carpenter. Came to Calais in 18;^2; built
the Methodist church in Milltown. N. B. ; was successful
•iOO
AIM'KMUX.
in l)UsiiH'ss :in«l ropiitaltk; in society. II<' (lied in Mav, \M:\.
Childivn:- Mrs. Vasliti H. CJatcs, "K. (".: Mrs. lA-dia W.
L.'inil): I^cojiard; Adoiiiram .fudsoii, of lioston.
William, ofPoitland; was si nieivhant in Wist-asset;
iiiarrit'd lili/ahcLh ('lni,4o|)li('r, and aflci' her dcniisr, Han-
nah Slicppard : In ISOt ciinic to Calais, <'niia<j:<'(i in trade;
iniincdiatcly took tlic rank of a leading:: citizen, in business,
politics and ridiiz;ioiis alVairs; died in \H]H. ("Iiildren: —
William, d.; Mrs. Klizaheth Chandler. IIoji. A. (I. . Kd-
jjar, d. ; James S.. of IJohhinston : ('harles K. !]s(|., of l»os-
ton;Mary Caroline, d. ; Fred A., Hon., <'X. M. C.
PoUTKH,
JosKi'H, tlu! son of J)r. Jonathan Porter <>f Hraintree,
IMass., w.is l)oin in Maiden, Mass., where his father then
resided. In 17H(», he came to Kohhinston in the emj)lov of
Gov. Kohbins. Two yisars after lu; came to Calais and
opened a store on Ferry I'oint, — the th'st store in the ))lace ;
in 171>.> niarri(Ml lUitsey, a daughter of (Japt. N. Marks;
Api'il 171);"), moved to St. Stei)hen, where for many years,
he was ail acti\(! and hi;j:hlv respected citiz<Mi; died in
lH-22. (Mnldren:— William; Mrs. Flizabeth A. Hixby,
James ; Mrs. Hannah ^V'illiams, .ronathan; .John; (ieor<re
M. ; Mrs. Mary Hixby, of I.itchlield, X. H. ; Mrs. Eliza
Stuart; Mrs. .Joanna B. Upton; fJoseph N.; James.
Ri>:ai)IX(^
Ma.t. Ei5KNF.zf.I{, came from th(» western part of the
St.-ite to ('alais in ISO;'); mai-ried Kebecca Hill. Children:
At wood ; Mrs. Harriet Crosby and l.c^avilt; Joseph; Kben-
(;zer; (Jtis.
Sawyeu,
Ar.xrif, of Phillipston. ^lass., came to Calais in 1818
went into bnsiness as merchant and amassed a larire for-
as town treasurer many
\\
tune; mari-ied Phebe Cole
years; diecl in 1852. Children: — ]Mrs. Almeda S. Towns-
end, M. H., lawyer, of Alexander, Me.; Mrs. Mary
J
AH!
fJ. A., d.
Smith,
Hon. Noah, jr., son of Ca{)t. Noah, and INIary Sweet-
ser; born in So. l{eadin<»:, now Wakeflfdd, ]\Iass., iji 1800;
came to Calais in IS.'l'i; served as a deacon of the Baptist
Church, siH'aker of the Maine House of Representatives,
Secretary of the State of Maine, Socretar}' of the U. S.
A IT KM » I. \
207
ri
S<'!i!it<'. <'t('. ; niMi-ricd IlMimali Wln»ii!.»!i of Pi-ovitlciuM',
1{. I.; tlitMl in i'liiladclpliiM. in ISCS, Cliildicn: Klirn S.
'rii|»|)('r. Alien, of Iowa, famous as an apiarist; .laint'S W.,
1). I).. Haptist of riiilad.'Iphia: Mila K. Wlii.M.-n. (*. IJ.:
S.-th \V.; riiarl.'s 11., of Maltiinoiv Md. ; IJol.cit X. d .;
Walt
»M'
ol Iowa..
'I'lloMI'Snx,
Alkxamu'jj, came to St. St«pli»'n from Lilcldlidd, N.
If.- married Cliailotl.- Hill. Cliildn'ii :— William ; Mrs.
Ann Lindsay; Alrxandi'r; Mrs. Klizahcth Holmes, .James
A.; Hmily; Klisha; Au^^nstiis H. ; C'yriis A.; Tlu-'odorc.
T«)i>i),
Wii.i.iAM, of GofVstown. X. II.; married Mis> Wortliley
of Xortli YarmoMtli. Mc. where lie located and eii^a<!:ed in
business as a mei'cliaiil ; in isil, settled in St. Stephen, as
a toaeher, and afterwards a m«!reliant anil innktuqxjr. Kvv.
Mr. M'Coll speaks of his school as "very exetdlent.'" II«i
dietl, April .'Jrd. ISKJ, and his wife, four years later; leav-
in;:; the rich legacy of eluldren that honor and a«lorn so-
ciety. Children :—Ivol>ert M. d ; .Mary J. Hill, Joel, d. ;
Ja?ie M. Mei-ry. Alfred; William, d. ; Laura McAllister,
John; Seih M. ; Freeman II.; Loui-a W. Townsend, Seth;
John W. ; and Haimah A. Hill, San..'/jl.
Townsend,
SivriF, came from Sidney, Me., to Calais in IH'J.'l; an
jictive and honest businessman; marrietl Louisa W. Todd.
Children: — Hdu:ar, who died of discjastj contracted in the
army ajj^ainst the llelxdlion; Louisa M. d. ; Laura; Airs.
Mary II. Harris, Wm. II.
IJl'TON,
Aauon, came from New Boston, N. II., toSt. Stejihen,
about ISOO; was a very active and successful shipbuilder
and nnn'chant. Children: — .Mrs. Sarah Hill ; David; Mar-
garet; Mrs. Louisa Mc.Vllister, Marcus; .\chsah.
Waite.
Benjamin F.. (a ji^reat-jrnmdson of Nathaniel, who
came from Leiccsster, En;i;land to Maiden, Mass., in 1096,)
born in Ilubbardston, Mass., in l.SOl ; cani(» to Calais about
1821; en<:;a<>:(;d in lumberin<>; and commen-e; married Han-
nah T. Todd of Eastport; ilied in lH7o. Children: —
Charles; Mrs. Mary E. J)emin<2^, Wm ; Lieut. Henry W.
mortally wounded in the Tnion army at Happahannock
Station; Benjamin F. ; .John T. ; Frederic T. ; Mrs. Helen
M. Kelley, Sam.; George F2, ; Horace.
208
AI'I'KNDIX.
AVatsox,
Hni'.KKT, (•:inu' from Ay«M'sliin', Scotland; ,s«!ttl(Ml in St.
St<'|>h»'ii iil)oiil 17J)0; cii^rMiJcd in comnicrco; j^Jivc ji liotur
to lion. tJanics Hfown in Iiis hoyliood; was a warm friend
of I'arson M'Coll; married Marv Scelv of St. .lohn; died in
1817. Cliildren: -William; Mrs. EJizalx'th Atlierton;
Mary Ann; Xan<;y; Mis. Maria Mowatt, Ilobiirt, liarri.stor;
Rolx'rt, the oidy one now livinjr.
Wkntwoktfi,
Hon. f}. M., (•.•imc frcjin Parsonsfudd to ( 'jiljiis in 18;}.'):
{'n<r!i'J:<*d in teachinjir and aft<'rwards in Inndu'rin^j^; is an
active and successful man; marrietl Lucy (■• fJates; tlieir
dau<j:liter, Mrs. Elizalnith (iilmorc, Kobcirt, resides in I'rov-
vidtmeo. It. I.
Wiih>i>i;n,
Rent>oi„ horn in Now Marki't, \. IT. in 170o: was
hrou^lht to lloUantl. Mc, hy his parents, in 171)7: was u
volunteer soldier stationed at Wiscasset, in 1814 : soon after,
mov(;d to St.CJeorn^e, N. H., wluvnihe resi<led scvcM'al years:
canie to C'iilais in 18;]1 : was a rejM'esentative in the Maine
Le^isl:itiu«' in 18;$!), and the same year, was apj^ointed
qu:irtorm:istor of tho militia stationed in Calais: elected
Maj. Gener:il in 1814: was a State sen:itor in 18;>4: assisted
in raisin<r the first company of volunteers in Calais in 18()1,
and afterwards enlistecl iinotlu'r i-ompany : is a life member
of the Tract, and Home Missionary Societies; married Mrs.
Sarah Heed, <lau<rhter of ('apt. Teter Clinch of Fort Howe,
St. John, N. H., by whom he has four children, viz: —
Charles H. ; Edo^-ir ; Mrs, Amy E. Hobart, I). K. ; Maria C.
H<^ is still hale and active.
Whitney,
Joel, lived anddiedin Jonesboro. Children : Mrs. Hannali
Kni<;ht, Paul ; Mrs. Mary Hill, Abner ; Daniel ; Joel ; Joseph ;
Ephriam ; Paul. (Jrandchildren : — by Daniel: Harlow, d.;
Mrs. Sarah Tyhu', L. ; John; Mrs. Ann Vounj^, .John; Eph-
raim ; Daniel ; Robert; Doufjlas : — by Joel, who manicnl
Anna Moore: AVashinii;ton, d.; Mrs. Jane Todd, Seth M. ;
Mrs. H;inii;ih H;irmon, Daniel; Joseph; Mrs. Haycock,
Warren; Eliz:i: — liv Ephriam: Mrs. Beisv Hill, Abner;
Mrs Pheb.' Hill, H.^N.; Mrs. Nancy McEarlane, M.; Mrs.
AiMi Porter, John, d. ; Mrs. Sophia (vlark, Rev. W, S,, d. ;
Beri:ih : — by Paul : Mrs. Cordelia Peabody, Charles Eliz-
abeth; Reuben; John; Harrison.
Finis.
M
Srt>
.'^'ttlcd in Sf.
Jive ji lionu*
^Viinii fiicnd
olin ; (lied in
I Atlicrton;
"t, Kanlsfer;
il.'iis in IS;?,"):
Hn<r; is Mil
;<'it<'s; their
ides ill I'rov-
1 79o : wiiH
707 : was u
: soon aftor,
roral y(;ars :
1 tile Maino
> aj)|K)in((Ml
is: i!l(H;t<!(i
'04 : assisted
laisin IHOl,
iff nn'inbcr
allied Mrs.
E^'ort Howe,
ron, viz : —
. ; Maiiji C.
rs. Hannah
d ; Jos(»|)h;
larlow, d. ;
^oliii; Eph-
o married
Seth M. ;
Ila^'cock,
U, Abner;
M.; Mrs,
N. S., d. ;
rles Eliz-