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'But no answer came from the graves of the dead,
nor the gloomier grave of the living. ' '

}

■i» ■ ^

* i IV TT

1*1

« •

THE

"EVANGELINE" BOOK

READERS AND STUDENTS OF "EVANGELINE'

F. M. MUHLIG.

of the dead,
ing."

Chicago:
A. FIvANAGAN, PUBI,ISHBR.

/<ff^

- 1

ad")!)?

Copyrighted 1898

BY
A. FLANAGAN.

TWDCOnCS RECEIVED*

vf. J

i^'^

CONTENTS.

Introductory

CHAPTER I.

POBT AND POBTRY 7

CHAPTER n.

DiSCOVKRY AND SETTLEMENT JQ

CHAPTER in.
Sbtti,bmbnts and Disturbances 17

CHAPTER IV.
The Exhb ■-.... 23

, "CHAPT^R*^. ' • ■

The Acadian Land - • . . .. . . .28

CHAPTER VI.
The Successors - ^^''- - t 35

CHAPTER VII.
The Successors.— Continued ^ -41

CHAPTER VIII.
The Acadians and Acadian Reucs • . . . . 49

CHAPTER IX.

The Indians - 52

Notes and References • - • •. . .. 57

EVANGBUNE, the PoBM . .. .-. . . (H

INTRODUCTORY.

In presenting this little book, the author believes that he is
not encroaching on a field already well stocked with literature.
He knows of no book written for the same purpose as this
little volume. It is intended as a helper to the reader of
"Evangeline," and to anyone desirous of learning more of
Acadia and its story than the ordinary text book of the poem
can furnish. A complete history of Nova Scotia is not
attempted. Only the thread of its earlier history is given in
order to trace its most important events down to the Exile and
the "occupation." Longfellow's line "Dwells another race
with other customs and language," is very suggestive, and
forms the "text" for the sixth and seventh chapters. Is that
"other race" the people of Nova Scotia as they are today?
We think not; and we believe that the older generation, now
fast passing away, will agree with us. The people of today
have the sturdy character, the honesty and integrity of their
fnreffither»»; but when we add to these the intercourse with the
outside world, rapid transit, the army of modern inventions,
and the growing advantages of education and government, we
have a people difiPering from their ancestors in many respects.

No attempt has been made to give a biographical sketch of
Longfellow; that can be found in any volume on American
Literature.

Special attention is given to the Cornwallis Valley, which
was the valley of the Acadians and the scene of the poem.

Indebtedness to Willoughby's "Land of the Mayflower,"
Campbell's "School History of Nova Scotia," Houghton,
Mifflin & Go's "American Poems" and F. H. Eaton's article
on "Bay of Fundy Tides and Marshes," is hereby gratefully
acknowledged by

Thb Author.

CHAPTER I.
Poet and Poetry.

To the end of time the early history of America will be
read with interest ; not only on account of the deeds of bravery,
fortitude, endurance and heroism ; not only for the great enter-
prises that with such small beginnings resulted in nations ;
not only for those principles involved that underlie the very
existence of those nations ; but also for the many true tales of
jrjy and sorrow, romance and tragedy, success aad failure, hap-
piness and despair, life and death, fortune and misfortune, that
are woven into it and therefore inseparable from it. Many of
these tales are lost to us or are passed by historians with but a
word of mention.

Here and there one of these incidents is brought to light by
the mind and pen of historian or poet, a Parkman or a Longfel-
low. Had the poem of Evangeline never been written , how little
would we know or learn of the story of the Acadian people.
What hours we use with pleasure and profit in reading and
studying that ever interesting poem. Why do we prefer the
poem rather than the brief ac90unt given in our histories?
Because the writer was a poet, and poets write poetry. Rhyme
is not poetry. Harmonious verse is not poetry. Coleridge
says "Poetry is the art of reproducing in words external
nature and human thoughts and affections." The true poet
finds sweet music and pathos in common things, as the ticking
of a clock or the flight of a waterfowl. Poetry results from a
just observation of human life — its hopes, affections, aspira-
tions and ideals. The last is probably the most important,
for the poet deals in the ideal more than the real. Our

(7)

,;•;«£-

■,.■ r

• SVANGBI.INB.

dictionary tells us that an idcnl is a conception proposed by the
mind for imitation, realization or attainment; a standard or
model of perfection or duty. It is to be attained by selecting
and assembling in one whole the beauties and perfections which
are usually seen in different individuals, excluding everything
defective or unseemly, so as to form a type or model. Long-
fellow wrote "The Old Clock on the Stairs." The old clock
which he had in mind stood in "the old-fashioned country
seat," which was the old Craigee House in Cambridge, once
used by Washington as his headquarters. Our highest and
best ideal is Heaven. We read these words in the ninth stanza
of the poem mentioned :

"Never here, forever there.
Where all parting, pain and care.
And death and time shall disappear
Forever there, but never here."

Can we form a higher or nobler ideal than that contained in
the above? In "The Bridge " there is an ideal which can be
readily found.

"The ni<x>n rose over the city " of Boston,

" Behind the dark church tower." ,

And that dark church tower was on the old North Church, the
tower Paul Revere watched so eagerly on that memorable
night of the 18th of April, 1775. In " Paul Revere " we find
a grand and heroic ideal. Let us look for these ideals as we
read. We will find them well worth the search. There are
ideals in the poem of Evangeline. Have we found them?
Everyone, young or old, who has any wish for advancement,
any ambition, any desire for something better than that now
possessed by him, has an ideal. It may be crude and we may
not be aware of its existence, but it is with us at all times
unless it be realized. We know that it is what we strive to
gain and not what we have.

Whj
pure
seek

It
by K
story
ofth
betw
shou
decis
Perh
Tom

L
ized
amor

It.
tives
they
his U
selecl

N
was (
"Art

on proposed by the
nt; a standard or
:aincd by selecting
d perfections which
eluding everything

or model. Long-
s." The old clock
-fashioned country
n Cambridge, once

Our highest and
in the ninth stanza

ear

that contained in
ideal which can be

ioston,

North Church, the
1 that memorable
il Revere" we find
these ideals as we
learch. There are

we found them?
I for advancement,
Iter than that now
crude and we may
th us at all times

what we strive to

KVANOKLINK. 9

" For two ideals I itrove with eager quest.
The first I lo»t,— iiiul why ?
'Twas realized. The ather, unpoMcswd,
Stays witli tiie till I die."

Why should we not strive for something higher, better and
purer? Many strive for riches. If we choose this ideal, let us
seek the true riches, for

" The riclu.'S of the comuion wealth
Arc free, strong minds and hearts of health.
And more to her than gold or gain
The cunning hand and cultured brain."

It is said that the story of Evangeline was told to Longfellow
by Hawthorne, who at one time contemplated writing a prose
story based on the Uxile, It is further stated that the heroine
of the original story was named Gabrielle. After a consultation
between these two authors it was decided that Longfellow
should make it the theme of a poem. We do not regret the
decision. The poem has been translated into many languages.
Perhaps in this respect it stands next to the Bible and Uncle
Tom's Cabin.

Longfellow and his works are known through all the civil-
ized world. He was given a place in Westminster Abbey
among the greatest men of the English-speaking people.

Many years ago at a social gathering in Italy, representa-
tives of six different nations met. During their conversativ,n
they agreed that each should select and recite a quotation from
his favorite author. They did so, and strange to relate, every
selection given was from Longfellow.

Not long ago a Technological Institute costing over $400,000
was erected in England. On its lintel are carved thesQ words:
"Art is long and time is fleeting."

CHAPTER II.
Discovery and Settlement.

The history of North America before the coming of the
white man will ever be comparatively unknown to us. The
beauties of mountain, valley, forest and shore were seen only
by wild men and wild beasts. No human voice was heard save
that of the barbarian as he met his foe in a death grapple, or
chanted his weird songs of war, hunting or superstitious rites.
But the change came. A.cross the ocean sailed the little
vessels of the Norsemen, the Genoese and the English, followed
closely by the French. They brought with them the civiliza-
tion of the old world and sowed its seed on new ground. The
seed thrived in this new soil even better than in the old, and
from that day to the present a conflict has heen waged steadily
here between civilization and barbarism, between freedom and
oppression, between liberty and slavery. The results have
been tremendous for the good of mankind ; but while the plan
was divine the instruments were but human, and consequently
we find here and there blots upon the record.

Previous to the year 1000, the hardy Norsemen had seen
the shores of North America and perhaps made temporary
settlements. In 1492 came Columbus, a native of Genoa, under
Spanish patronage. His was accepted as the real discovery, as
it was the first to be followed by permanent settlement. He
was soon followed by others, and among the first of these was
Americus Vespucius, who received the honor of having the
country named for him. In justice it should have been called
Columbia. In 1497 the Cabots sailed from England with a
commission from Henry VII, three-hundred men, and a fleet
of five ships and two caravels. They discovered lands to the

(10) .

ENT.

the coming of the
known to us. The
lore were seen only
voice was heard save
1 a death grapple, or
»r superstitious rites,
an sailed the little
he English, followed
h them the civiliza-
n new ground. The
:han in the old, and
heen waged steadily
letween freedom and
The results have
; but while the plan
in, and consequently
rd.

Norsemen had seen
aps made temporary
itive of Genoa, under
;he real discovery, as
ent settlement. He
he first of these was
lonor of having the
aid have been called
om England with a
red men, and a fleet
covered lands to the

EVANGELINB.

westward, which from their rude maps are supposed to have
been Nova Scotia, Cape Breton Island and Newfoundland.
They then sailed farther to the west and reached the mainland.
They sailed again and northward to 67° 30', then south as far
as Florida. They then returned to England on account of
scarcity of provisions and mutiny among the crews.

For many years the English made no attempt to follow up
the discoveries of the Cabots by actual settlements. Under
Queen Elizabeth enterprise was awakened. With a patent for
"discovering, occupying and peopling heathen and barbarous
countries," Sir Humphrey Gilbert sailed with an expedition
from England in 1 583. After a voyage of one month he arrived
at Newfoundland, which he took formal possession of. After
remaining there for some time he decided to go to Sable Island
and re-stock his larder before taking his long voyage home-
ward. Captain Hays of the sole surviving vessel wrote as fol-
lows: ' 'Sable lieth to the seaward of Cape Breton, about 45°,
whither we were determined to go upon intelligence we had of a
Portingall during our abode in St. John's, who was also himself
present when the Portingalls, about thirty years past, did put
into the same island both neat and swine to breed, which were
since exceedingly multiplied." In a dense mist and rain, with
a high wind, they neared this bleak land, by later mariners
named "The graveyard of the North Atlantic," on account of
the great number of wrecks on its shoals and sand bars. Here
Gilbert lost one vessel and one-hundred men by shipwreck.
Escaping from the dangers of Sable Island, he encountered a
fearful gale on the Grand Banks, and but one vessel survived to
tell to England that the heroic Admiral hailed them during the
storm, saying that "Heaven was as near by sesi as by land,"
and soon after, standing by the helm, sorely wounded in his
foot, and Bible in hand, went down beneath the waves. [Sec
note at end of this chapter.]

In
ed a \
died £
posse:
of Sir
found
of its

In
early
purpo
Verra
nent f
Fear 1
river !
and E
plored
Franc
reach
nizatit
swine
1538 t
the ne
that it
prepat
he left
horses
ponies
quis i
Frano
Canad
gions.
as col
Island

'""UIWWSSII!,

5WB»» ^,fimjmnmtimm«iamim> ' »

'ti-^Siife,

supposed to have
tid Newfoundland,
ched the mainland.
, then south as far
and on account of
2 crews.

tempt to follow up
ettlements. Under

With a patent for
hen and barbarous
tvith an expedition
le month he arrived
issession of. After

go to Sable Island
long voyage home-
vessel wrote as fol-
Breton, about 45°,
illigence we had of a
ho was also himself
years past, did put
> breed, which were
mist and rain, with

by later mariners
tic," on account of
d sand bars. Here
nen by shipwreck,
d, he encountered a
,e vessel survived to
ed them during the
>y sea as by land,"
;ly wounded in his
;h the waves. [Sec

EVANGELINE.

In 1607 Sir John Gilbert, brother of Sir Humphrey, plant-
ed a weak colony within what is now the state of Maine. He
died soon after, and the colony was broken up. The formal
possession taken by Sir Humphrey and the actual settlement
of Sir John, added to the discoveries of the Cabots, formed the
foundation of the claim of the crown of England to the whole
of its possessions in North America.

In the meantime the French had been active. At a very
early period adventurers had visited North America for the
purpose of taking possession of it for the crown of France.
Verrazani, in 1524, sailed along the eastern coast of the conti-
nent from a point one hundred and fifty miles south of Cape
Fear to New England. In 1534 Cartier explored the gulf and
river St. Lawrence. Cape Breton was known to both French
and English before Nova Scotia was. The French first ex-
plored it, and it probably received its na'me from the Bretons of
France. The French were probably the first, after Cabot, to
reach Nova Scotia, and they were the first to attempt its colo-
nization. We have already found that the Portuguese left
swine and cattle on Sable Island. This was about 1505. In
1538 the Baron de Lery attempted to plant a French colony in
the new world, but incessant storms so delayed the expedition
that it arrived off the coast too late in the season to land and
prepare for winter. To lighten his vessel for the return voyage
he left his cattle on Sable Island. With these were several
horses or ponies, from which have sprung the hardy, shaggy
ponies that still run wild on its sand dunes. In 1598 the Mar-
quis de la Roche was granted letters patent by Henry IV of
France, giving him power over the "islands and countries of
Canada, Sable Island, Newfoundland, and the adjacent re-
gions." Forty convicts from the royal prisons were given him
as colonists. He decided to leave his colonists upon Sable
Island until he had selected and prepared a place for his settle-

BVANGBUNB.

ment. Immediately after leaving the island a great and long
continued storm arose, which drove his vessel so far eastward
that he decided to return to France. In 1603 the king sent a
vessel to bring the convicts back. Twelve out of the forty
were alive. They were taken to France, where each received a
full pardon and fifty golden crowns.

Old Euthworks at AnnapoUs (Port RoyalX "Wben as a captive I lay In the old
French fort at Port Royal."— Line 308.

In the year 1604 De Monts, who had been appointed gover
nor general of New France, came with an expedition to make
a settlement. After narrowly escaping shipwreck on the
"Graveyard of the North Atlantic," he succe^ed in planting
his colony in the well chosen spot where the town of Annapolis
now stands. This was the Port Royal of the French. After
establishing his colony De Monts sailed along the coast, ex-
plored his territory, traded with the Indians and made them
his friends. The English who settled Jamestown, Virginia, in
1607, learning of the French settlement and considering it
within the limits of their charter, fitted out an expedition un

der the
Royal i
mission
pillage
ground!
tory.
France,
own req
rates, ai
his cone

Sabl
dred ten
long an
formed I
most of
grass.
Sable Is:
Its great
that swe
lent on t
tains tw(
ication \i
stormy i
means c
man can
pieces oi
ever shif

Befoi
was freqi
on the sli
these wr

"^f

a great and long
1 so far eastward
> the king sent a
out of the forty
re each received a

SVANOBUNB.

ptive I lay In the old

appointed gover-
cpedition to make
lipwreck on the
eeded in planting
own of Annapolis
e French. After
ig the coast, ex
and made then
;own, Virginia, in
ad considering it
in expedition un

der the command of Sir Samuel Argall, and attacked Port
Royal in 1613. It was easily taken. ArgaU found the com-
mission from the French king and concealed it, that he might
pillage the town and treat the inhabitants as pirates, on the
grounds that they had no authority for occupying the terri-
tory. Not having sufficient vessels in which to return to
France, some of the French accompanied Sir Samuel, at his
own request, to Jamestown, where they were imprisoned as pi-
rates, and only escaped execution by Sir Samuel's admission of
his concealment of the French royal commission.

NOTBS.

Sable Island belongs to Nova Scotia and is about one hun-
dred ten miles S. E. of Halifax. It is about twenty-five miles
long and one mile wide. Its surface consists of sand hills
formed by action of wind and water. There are no trees, but
most of its surface is covered with a growth of long, rank
grass. There is a lake of considerable size on the island.
Sable Island is feared and shunned by mariners at all times.
Its great dangers are its extensive shoals, the ocean currents
that sweep around it, and the thick fogs which are so preva-
lent on the surrounding waters. The government now main-
tains two lighthouses and a life saving station here. Commun-
ication with the island by boat is almost impossible during the
stormy months, but an exchange of messages is effected by
means of carrier pigeons. A cable is contemplated. No
man can tell the number of ships that have been beaten to
pieces on its shoals and bars, and buried in its treacherous and
ever shifting sands.

Before the government established a station there, the isUnd
was frequented by piratical wreckers who sought the spoil cast
on the shore from the wrecks. Terrible stories were told of
these wreckers. It is said that survivors who reached the

BVANGBUNB.

shore from wrecks were murdered for their jewelry or valua-
bles. Sailors still tell of the ghost of a lady which walks the
shores of the island just before a storm, and holds up a bleed-
ing hand to show that a finger was severed to obtain a rii^
she wore.

It was near this island that the Bourgogne went down in
1898.

SABLE ISLAND.

" Dark Isle of Mourning, aptly art thou named.

For thou hast been the cause of many a tear;

For deeds of treacherous strife too justly famed,

The Atlantic's Charnel, desolate and drear,

A thing none love, though wand 'ring thousands fear;

If for a moment rests the Muse's wing

Where through the waves thy sandy wastes appear,

'Tis that she may one strain of horror sing,

Wild as the dashing waves that tempests o'er thee fling."

was c£

Acadis

Brunsi

Frencl

lived t;

indicat

or sea

word C

quodd}

place

In I

all the

of St. J

Scotlac

withS<

Sir Sai

settlem

strengt

ceeded

govenw

the ord

furnish

But few

Scotch (

opposite

stands.

jewelry or valua-
which walks the
holds up a bleed-

1 to obtain a rii^

le went down in

named,
tear;
famed,
;ar,
ousands fear;

stes appear,

ag,

J o'er thee fling. "

CHAPTER III.

• SBTTLEMBNTS AND DISTURBANCES.

In the oldest records Acadia is called Cadie. Afterwards it
was called by various writers Accadia, L'Acadie, Acadie and
Acadia. Acadia under the French included Nova Scotia New
Brunswick and a part of Maine. The name is probably the
French adaptation of a common word of the Micmac Indians who
lived there, and signifies place or region. Used as a suffix it
mdicated the place where various things, such as berries, eels
or seals were found in abundance. The French called this
word Cadie or Acadie; the English called it Quoddv. Passama-
quoddy means the place of pollocks. Shubenacadie means the
place of ground nuts.

In the year 1601 , James I. granted to Sir William Alexander
all the territory lying between the river St. Croix and the Gulf
of St. tawrence. The country was named Nova Scotia (New
Scotland) in the grant. Sir William intended to colonize it
with Scotch emigrants, but failed in his attempt to do so. As
Sir Samuel Argall's conquest was not followed up by actual
settlement, the French had regained possession, and had been
strengthened by arrivals from France. Charles I., who sue-
ceeded King James, reappointed Sir William Alexander as
governor general of Nova Scotia, in 1624. He also founded
the order of Knights Baronet of Nova Scotia, who were to
furnish colonists, and receive therefor 16,000 acres of land each
But few, if any of them, ever received their land. A party of
Scotch emigrants landed at Port Royal and built a fort on the
opposite side of the basin where the town of Granville now
stands. The remains of this work are still called ' 'The Scotch

KVANGEUNE.

Fort." In 1632, when the English were getting well established
in the country, King Charles I., by the treaty of St. Germains,
ceded the whole of Nova Scotia and Canada to the King of
France. Again in full possession of the French, Acadia
received a French governor and many settlers. This governor,
Isaac de Razilly, died and was succeeded by Chamise.

While the French officers were quarrelling about their
several claims, an English fleet, sent out by Cromwell, easily
conquered them, and again the country was in English hands.
In 1667 it was again ceded to the French. For twenty-three
years Acadia remained French. During all these changes the
French settlers had never completely deserted Nova Scotia, butt
the colonists received little aid or attention from their govern-
ment during this period following the treaty of 1667. The
English colony in Massachusetts was growing rapidly, and soon
made ready a strong force, under Sir William Phipps, to attack
Acadia. They captured Port Royal and two smaller posts;
dismantled the forts and returned to Massachusetts. The
Acadians at Port Royal, with no fort or garrison, were soon
visited by pirates who set fire to houses, killed their cattle,
hanged some of the people, and burned one family after shut-
ting them in their house. A new commander, Villabon, came
from France, found the town unprotected, and decided to land
the stores brought by his vessel at the French fort on the St.
John river in New Brunswick. On his way to that place
pirates captured his vessel, and he barely escaped with his life.
He received aid from the Indians and renewed their friendship
for the French.

William and Mary of England gave a new charter to Ma38-
achusetts, and included in it the colony of New Plymouth, the
province of Maine and Nova Scotia with the intervening lands.
Villabon ralUed the French and Indians at the fort on the St.
John, and with this force captured Pemaquid, a fortification in

mmmmmmmmmmmmmf^'

New

hnndr
many
churcl

In
of Ry
broke
came,
lander
cames
a thou
were r
attack
came i
to rem
ever, i
They(
they ii
to brit
tempts
Nova
Utrect
honor

Foi
tacks 1
were s
to the
burg V
Frencl
difficul
Utrech
thousa
leaders

'm^-'

BVANGKLINB.

g well established
of St. Germains,
a to the King of
French, Acadia
This governor,
hamise.

ling about their
Cromwell, easily
n English hands.
For twenty-three
hese changes the
Nova Scotia, but)
om their govern-
y of 1667. The
rapidly, and soon
Fhipps, to attach
ro smaller posts;
sachusetts. The
rrison, were soon
illed their cattle,
family after shut-
r, Villabon, came
d decided to land
:h fort on the St.
ray to that place
iped with his life,
d their friendship

' charter to Maas-
:w Plymouth, the
intervening lands.
le fort on the St.
, a fortification in

New England. To avenge this, Colonel Church, with five
hundred men, sailed from Boston and ravaged the country at
many points on and near the Bay of Fundy. They burned
churches and houses, killed the cattle, and cut the dykes.

In 1696 Nova Scotia was restored to France by the treaty
of Ryswick. Trouble arose over the fisheries. War again
broke out. The French called the pirates to their aid. They
came, and with the goods thus wrested from the New Eng.
landers the French paid their Indian allies. Colonel Church
came again in 1 704 , and again the country was ravaged. In 1 707
a thousand men from New England attacked Port Royal, but
were repulsed and forced to reembark. Again they landed and
attacked, but were again defeated. In 1710 another expedition
came under General Nicholson, and this time Port Royal fell,
lo remain in the possession of the English. The French, how-
ever, made many efforts to drive out their hereditary enemies.
They endeavored to preserve the loyalty of the French settlers,
they incited the Indians to attack the English, they attempted
to bring help from Quebec and France, and at least three at-
tempts were made to recapture Port Royal. But all in vain.
Nova Scotia was finally ceded to England by the treaty of
Utrecht in 1713. Port Royal was now named Annapolis in
honor of Queen Anne.

For many years few settlers came, on account of fear of at-
tacks by the French and Indians. Canada and Cape Breton
were still French, and from the latter place came aid and trade
to the Acadians, and assaults upon English settlers. Louis-
burg was taken by an English force, but given back to the
French in 1748 by treaty of Aix la Chapelle. Old boundary
difficulties now arose; the French claiming that the treaty of
Utrecht ceded only the peninsula to England. In 1749 two
thousand five hundred seventy-six settlers arrived under the
leadership of Edward Cornwallis. They selected a site, and

I
i

found
Halifi
Indiai
nijssii
Kubmi
younj
of seti
Louis
and p
and a
totak
still h
tainly
chang
ill Ca
take f
Englii
mout
four
Corn\
rewar
In
Frenc
inn;
Indiai
ernor
thous
lodge
near 1
a six

1.
that

BVANOBLINH.

founded the city of Halifax, named in honor of the Earl of
Halifax, who had assisted the expedition. The French and
Indians visited the settlers at Halifax, and tendered their sub-
mission to the English authorities. Notwithstanding this
submission, the Indians, probably assisted by some of the
younger Acadians, attacked the town by night, and a number
of settlers were killed in the forests or captured and sold at
Louisburg. The governor of Halifax, to prevent these attacks
and protect the outlying settlements, built a fort at Windsor
and a blockhouse at Horton. He then called on the Acadians
to take the oath of allegiance to the British crown. They
still hoped for the French supremacy in Acadia, and they cer-
tainly had reasons to expect it after the many preceding
changes of ownership, and the repeated assurances of the French
ill Canada and Louisburg. In consequence they refused to
take the oath, but again announced their submission to the
English. The Indians remained actively hostile. At Dart-
mouth, a settlement on the opposite side of Halifax harbor,
four men were killed and scalped, and others carried off.
Cornwallis organized parties to hunt the savages, and offered a
reward of ten guineas for every Indian scalp.

In order to strengthen their claim as to the boundary, the
French built Fort Beau Sejour on the isthmus. Major Lawrence,
in 1750, was sent to the isthmus and defeated the French and
Indians. In 1752 Cornwallis returned to England, and Gov-
ernor Hobson was sent out as his successor. In 1755 three
thousand men under Monckton and Winslow were sent to dis-
lodge the French. Beau Sejour and Oaspereaux, another post
near by, were taken, and the garrisons sent to Louisburg under
a six months' parole.

NOTSS:

1. Arcadia was the only southern state of ancient Greece
that had no sea coast. It was one of the most picturesque

"^M--

:^«W«tWW(ft' •«■"*»' ■'

BVANGBUNB.

regions of Greece, and perhaps of the world. Lake, mountains
streams, forests, meadows, fountains, glens and caves were
there. Without seaports, people are not commercial. Th
inhabitants, therefore, were hunters and shepherds, quiet and
peaceful, given to music and dancing. In modern languages
the term Arcadian means either beauty of natural scenery or
rusticity of manners. While the Acadians may have been
Arcadian in their manners, they did not live in Arcadia an(
were not Arcadians. If the name Arcadia was used by some
early writers, it was an error caused by the similarity of the
names,

2. The peninsula of Nova Scotia is connected to New
Brunswick by an isthmus twelve miles wide. The peninsula
is separated from. Cape Breton Island, which is a part of the
province, by the strait of Canso or Canseau.

3. Granville, the site of the old Scotch settlement opposite
Annapolis, was formerly called Caledonia, and is so named on
the old maps.

Ab<
and th(
French
the Ac
the Ind
cil witl]
from N
colonie
alarm! r
Acadia
came t<
summo
1755, V
majorit
ment, y

Pi
Y

Lake, mountains
9 and caves were
commercial. Thu
epherds, quiet and
modern languages
natural scenery or
iS may have been
ve in Arcadia an(
was used by some
e similarity of the

:onnected to New
2. The peninsula
I is a part of the

lettlement opposite
id is so named on

CHAPTER IV.

The Exilb.

About this time the English met with reverses in Canada,
and the Nova Scotia Governor feared another attempt by the
French to regain the province. He believed that if that occurred
the Acadians would join the invaders, and bring with them
the Indians to prey upon the English .settlers. He tcwk coun-
cil with his advisers, and it was decided to remove the Acadians
from Nova Scotia, and scatter them through the other English
colonies. Measures were taken to prepare for this without
alarming the Acadians. Suspecting no serious trouble, the
Acadians of Grand Pre, Minas and the adjoining settlements
came together at their church at Grand Pre, in obedience to the
summons of Colonel Winslow. This was on September 2nd,
1755, when the Acadians were busy with their harvest. The
majority of them attended and, to their horror and astonish-
ment, were informed of their intended fate.

"You are convened this day," he snid, "by his Majesty's

orders.
Clement and kind has he been; but bow you have answered

his kindness
Let your own hearts reply! To my natural make and my

temper
Painful the task is I do, which to you I know must be

grievous.
Yet must I bow and obey, and deliver the will of our

Monarch:

Namely, that all your lands, and dwellings, and cattle of "

all kinds
Forfeited be to the crown; and that you yourselves from

this province

(»)

24 EVANGEUNfi.

Be transported to other lands. God grant you may dwell

there
Ever as faithful subjects, a happy and peaceable people !
Prisoners now 1 declare you, for such is his Majesty's

pleasure!"

Similar action was taken at Annapolis, Cumberland and
other points; in all, about seven tbousand souls were transpor-
ted. The number collected at Grand Pre was one thousand
nine hundred twenty-three. A few had escaped to the forest,

Cape Blomidon from the Ilasln of Hinas.

and to deprive them of sustenance all buildings were burned,
crops destroyed and cattle driven away. In the district
of Minas 255 houses, 276 barns, 155 outbuildings, 11 mills
and one church were destroyed. On the 10th of September
the people were put on board the transports. Heartbroken
and despairing, this whole community was carried from the
only homes many of its members had ever known. They
could, carry nothing with them but a few household goods.
Their crops, on which they subsisted, were gone. Their houses.

in wl
happ
drive
ship;
along
theF
a reli
provi
pitial
appej
S(
was s
hunti
amun
peopl
nor c
their
escap
live t(
and c

S(
the o

: you may dwell

iceable people !
is his Majesty's

s, Cumberland and
souls were transpor-
i was one thousand
scaped to the forest,

Inas.

Idings were burned,
In the district
tbuildings, 11 mills
10th of September
lorts. Heartbroken
IS carried from the
iver known. They
r household goods.
;one. Their houses,

EV ANGELINA.

in which they were born and in which they had spent so many
happy days, were in ashes. Their cattle were slaughtered or
driven away. Their farms had forever passed from their owner-
ship; and they themselves were carried to the English colonies
along the Atlantic coast, and landed among a people hostile to^
the French nation, speaking a language unknown to them, of
a religion at variance with theirs, and unwilling or unable to
provide for their maintenance. Their condition was truly
pitiable. Is ^ surprising that their sufferings and wrongs
appeal to us strongly even at this late day?

Some found their way to Louisiana where their language
was spoken ; some went to the western frontier and engaged in
hunting and trapping; some went to Canada; others remained
amung the English; a number were sent to England by the
people of Virginia and South Carolina, after asking the Gover-
nor of Nova Scotia for money for their support; a few found
their way back to Nova Scotia, and, joining those who had
escaped exile, formed little settlements; and their descendants
live to-day in their Acadian land and still preserve the old dress
and customs of their forefathers.

"Still stands the forest primeval; but under the shade of its

branches
Dwells another race, with other customs and language.
Only along the shore of the mournful and mystic Atlantic
Linger a few Acadian peasants, whose fathers from exile
Wandered back to their native land to die in its bosom.
In the fisherman's cot the wheel and the loom are still busy;
Maidens still wear their Morman caps and their kirtles of

homespun,
And by the evening fire repeat Evangeline's story."

Some of the Acadians had signified their willingness to take
the oath of allegiance when they saw that exile was forthcom-
ing, but this privilege was refused them. They had asked to

BVANGEUNB.

be permitted to remove to the French colony in Louisburg, but
this had been refused on the grounds that it would add to the
strength of the force already there, and increase the danger of
incursions. They had been threatened with removal, but did
not fully understand the penalty. Something had to be done
to settle this vexed Acadian question; but we shudder as we
contemplate the full results of the settlement as carried out.
After the exile of the Acadians, the home government desired
that the land should be occupied by disbanded soldiers. The
governor of Nova Scotia objected, claiming that they were not
the proper material for a new colony. The governor was per
mitted to adopt his own plans, and he proceeded to invite set-
tlers from New England, through the provincial agent at
Boston. As a result several hundred settlers came from
Massachusetts, Connecticut and Rhode Island.

The power of the French in the new world was rapidly
waning. In 1758 Louisburg surrendered to Amherst, Prince
Edward's Island was taken soon after, and in 1759 Quebec fell.
By this final victory the English became masters of all Canada.
By the treaty of Paris in 1763, the French gave up all claim to
Nova Scotia, Cape Breton, Canada, and many islands in the
Gulf of St. Lawrence.

When the American Revolution broke out and the Thirteen
United Colonies declared themselves free and independent in
1776, the province of Nova Scotia remained loyal to the crown,
although there was some dissatisfaction. Immediately after
the close of the war Nova Scotia received a large addition to
its population by the emigration of loyalists from the states.
Between fifteen thousand and twenty thousand of these refu-
gees landed at dififerent ports of the province, Mapy of them
found homes in the valley that was the former home of the
Acadians.

1 Louisburg, but
irould add to the
>e the danger of
emoval, but did

had to be done
: shudder as we

as carried out.
emraent desired
I soldiers. The
it they were not
•vernor was per-
ed to invite set-
incial agent at
.ers came from

rid was rapidly
Amherst, Prince
759 Quebec fell.
rs of all Canada.
! up all claim to
1 islands in the

ttd the Thirteen
independent in
il to the crown,
mediately after
irge addition to
rom the states,
i of these refu-
Mapy of them
er home of the

BVANGBLINB.

NOTES.

1. The people of Acadia were mainly the descendants of
colonists brought out by Isaac de Razilly and Charnise between
the years 1 633 and 1 638. These colonists came from Rochelle,
Saintonge, and Poitou, so that they were drawn from a very
limited area on the west coast of France, covered by the mod-
ern departments of Vendue and Charente Infferieure. This
circumstance had some influence on their mode of settling the
lands of Acadia, for they came from a country of marshes,
where the sea was kept out by artificial dykes, and they found
in Acadia similar marshes, which they dealt with in the same
way that they had been accustomed to practice in France.—
Hannays History of Acadia.

2. The Gaspereau is a stream flowing from the southwest
into the Basin of Minas, near Grand Pre. . At its mouth the
Acadians embarked. This must not be confused with the post
of the same name on the isthmus.

3. The Cornwallis mentioned as the governor of Nova
Scotia, was not the Cornwallis of the Revolution.

.it*

CHAPTER V.
Thb Acadian Land.

"A land which floweth with milk and honey."
"And ye shall dispossess the inhabitants thereof
and dwell therein."

The site of the first settlement by De Monts, and the region
made famous by Longfellow's poem, are both in the valley
formed by two ridges of highlands called the North and the
South mountain. This valley extends through the counties of
Annapolis and King's. The North mountain fronts on the
shore of the Bay of Fundy, and extends from Digby Cut, at the
entrance to Annapolis Basin, northeastwardly to Capes Blom-
idon and Split at the entrance of the Basin of Minas. The
South mountain is neither as steep nor as high as the North,
but extends nearly parallel to it. To the westward through
this valley, runs the Annapolis river, emptying into Annapolis
Basin at the site of old Port Royal. In the broader eastern
end of the valley, which drains into Minas Basin, there are many
streams:— the Gaspereau, Comwallis, Canard, Pereau and
Habitant rivers. The land drained by these rivers is the most
fertile and highly cultivated of any in the province. It is fitly
called the "Garden of Nova Scotia. " Along the western shore
of Minas Basin, from Grand Pre to the foothills of the North
Mountain, are the dyke. lands reclaimed from the sea by the
French and their successors. This dyke land is the most val-
. uable of the many soils found in the valley. In most instances
of alluvial deposits in other parts of the world, the deposit is
brought, to the sea by the rivers. Here we find the process is

(»)

>ney."
i thereof

IS, and the region
ith in the valley
i North and the
h the counties of
in fronts on the
DigbyCut, at the

to Capes Blom-
of Minas. The
:h as the North,
jstward through
? into Annapolis

broader eastern
1, there are many
rd, Pereau and
ivers is the most
ince. It is fitly
be western shore
ills of the North

the sea by the
is the most val-
n most instances
d, the deposit is
id the process is

)f*p of AniwpoUs and Kin^ Countlcf,

BVANOSUNS.

reversed, and the deposit is brought up the rivers by the sea.
This alluvial matter comes from the shores and bottom of the
basin and bay, from whence it is torn by the mighty tides
which ever sweep back and forth through their channels. The
torrent sweeps up the Bay of Fundy and enters the Basin at
Cape Split, where it reaches a velocity of ten or twelve miles
an hour. Here it reaches its greatest height of seventy feet
above low water mark. In some of the Acadian rivers, the
upward flow of the tide against the fresh water current forms
a wall of water called the bore of the tide. This sweeps up
the stream at a rapid rate, and with a loud rushing sound. The
height of the bore illustrated on page 42 is 5 feet 4 inches.

The largest unbroken tract of dyke land in the province
is the Grand Pre, or Great Meadow, in Horton. This tract
the Acadians reclaimed by building dykes from either end
of Long Island to the mainland. South of Long Island,
where the upland rises from the Grand Pre, was the village of
the Acadians. In the field just in front of the row of old
French willows, can still be seen the cellar of the house which
is supposed to be the one used as Colonel Winslow's head-
quarters during his momentous visit. Here, too, is the site of
the village church. The old French well marks the site of the
village green, and a little farther eastward was the Acadian
cemetery. The village probably extended irregularly from the
church southward to the higher lands. Along the line of the
village street may be seen many willows, the old French apple
trees, the grave of an English soldier who died at the time of
the exile, and the site of the village smithy. To the north-
ward of the row of willows first mentioned, stretches the great
meadow from which the village received its name; and beyond
that is Long Island, easily distinguished by the trees and
Louses upon it.

SVAN0BUN8.

ivers by the sea.
nd bottom of the
he mighty tides
r channels. The
ers the Basin at
or twelve miles
t of seventy feet
adian rivers, the
ler current forms
This sweeps up
liing sound. The
eet 4 inches,
in the province
ton. This tract
from either end
>f Long Island,
as the village of

the row of old
the house which
^inslow's head-
:oo, is the site of
ks the site of the
vas the Acadian
igularly from the
1^ the line of the
)ld French apple
1 at the time of

To the north-
'etches the great
me; and beyond
Y the trees and

BVANOHUNB.

"And away to the northward

Blomidon rose, and the forests old, and aloft on the

mountains
Sea fogs pitched their tents, and mists from the mighty

Atlantic
Looked on the happy valley, but ne'er from their station

descended."

Blomidon is plainly seen to the northward, and very often
the "mists from the mighty Atlantic" roll in great masses over
the top of the North mountain and hide much of it from view.
At such times the mist or fog rarely descends to the valley.
Great detached masses of fog often hang on the side or stunmit
of Blomidon, and can be seen plainly from the land or from
the waters of the Basin. Blomidon is a bluff headland of red
sandstone, surmounted by a perpendicular wall of basaltic trap,
the whole about six hundred feet high. This headland is a
rich field for the geologist, as the varieties of specimens found
are numerous and interesting. In the spring, after the severe
frosts of winter, great masses are detached from its sides, and
crash downward to be ground by the relentless tides. The
geologist must work among these masses at low water, because
at high tide the sea washes the face of the cliff. Many beauti-
ful specimens of amethyst are found. The underlying sand-
stone is worn away by tidal action, and this hastens the fall
of the trap rock from above.

The soil of the dyke lands consists mainly of a large jper-
centage of silica, the iron which gives the reddish color, cal-
careous matter, and various salts of potash, lime, alumina, etc.
This combination is a most favorable one, and its fertility is
increased by sediment brought by the streams from the uplands.
For nearly two hundred years these dyke lands have been pro-
ducing from two to four tons per acre of the finest hay, and
have also furnished autumn pasturage for cattle. The marsh
mud is taken from tidal streams or rivers in autumn or winter,

1.
2.

oft on the
the mighty
their station

i, and very often
;reat masses over
[ of it from view,
is to the valley,
le side or summit
he land or from
r headland of red
11 of basaltic trap,
is headland is a
specimens found
, after the severe
9m its sides, and
less tides. The
w water, because
r. Many beautl-
inderlying sand-
hastens the fall

y of a large per-
Kldish color, cal-
ne, alumina, etc.
id its fertility is
from the uplands.
Is have been pro>
! finest hay, and
tie. The marsh
itumn or winter,

BVANOBLimi.

and used as a fertilizer on the uplands, with excellent re-
sults.

Apples and potatoes are the principal products of the valley,
and are shipped mostly to England and the West Indies!
Grapes, berries, plums, cherries, and various vegetables are
successfully raised. Wheat, rye, and oats are a profitable crop,
but the amount produced is much smaller per acre than on
the prairies of our west and northwest. The longevity of
apple trees is apparent when we notice, as stated above, that
apple trees planted by the French are still living. The forests
supply spruce, f r, pine, hemlock, birch, beech, maple, oak,
elm, and other woods,— in fact nearly all the varieties required
for housebuilding and shipbuilding. The sea supplies cod,
herring, mackerel, lobsters, salmon, shad, smelts, gaspereau
or alewives, haddock, pollock, flounders, sea-bass, sturgeon,
and many other fish; while the streams contain an abundance
of speckled trout.

In the woods are moose, caribou, bear, the timber wolf, fox,
lynx, wild-cat, porcupine, rabbit and skunk. Otter, mink and
musk-rat are in the streams and ponds. Of birds there are
geese, ducks, plover, snipe, woodcock and partridge. From
the fields and woods are gathered checkerberries, hazel nuts,
beech nuts, strawberries, blueberries, huckleberries, cranber-
ries, juniper berries, red raspberries, blackberries, gooseber-
ries, bunchberries, and spruce gum. The dainty and beautiful
mayflower abounds.

In this short chapter we can learn but little of the many
resources and advantages of this wonderful country, but we
certainly are convinced that it is "a land which floweth wUh
milk and honey."

NOTKS.

1. Dyke lands are worth from $300 to $400 per acre.

2. The amount given as the maximum yield per acre of

BVANOSLINB.

hay on the dyke lands is four tons. This is considered fairly
accurate, as the author knows of a yield of 44 T. 1800 lbs. from
ten acres, and can furnish data from many reliable sources that
place the amount at the figures given.

3. It is stated on good authority that four hundred bushels
of potatoes were grown on one acre of ground near Kentville.

4. The name "gaspereau" is a local name applied to the
alewives, for the reason that the Gaspereau is the only stream
they ascend from the Basin of Minas. The Gaspereau is the
only one of these streams that has its source in a lake, and the
alewives probably seek this lake for spawning.

5. King's County raises 225,000 bushels of potatoes yearly.
The estimated yearly apple product of King's and Annapolis
counties is 500,000 bbl.

\ I

considered fairly
r. 1800 lbs. from
able sources that

hundred bushels
1 near Kentville.
i applied to the
the only stream
raspereau is the
a lake, and the

potatoes yearly,
and Annapolis

CHAPTER VI.

Thb Succbssors.
"Dwells another race with other customs and language."

The settlers who came to the valley after the Exile, were a
hardy and industrious people. As many of them came from
New England, they brought with them the customs, dress,
habits and religious views of New England. These were
somewhat modified by the presence of settlers from Great
Britain, and the trade with that country. We know but little
of the social condition and affairs of these people during the
first years of the occupation, but, as they were without rail-
road, telegraph or steamboat, it is fair to presume that there
was little change previous to the year 1800.

The houses were warmed and the cooking done by means
of the fireplace, with its necessary andirons, shovel, tongs,
poker, bellows, crane, bake-kettle and brick oven. The baking
was mainly done in the brick oven. Quarters of meat, six or
eight loaves of bread, a loaf* of cake, and a half dozen pies was
considered no unusual quantity to put into one oven at one
time. Often a loaf of bread or cake, or a pudding, was baked
in the bake-kettle over the fire. The bake-kettle was a round
iron kettle about ten inches deep, and had an iron cover. It
was hung on the crane over a slow fire. When baking, coals
were put on the cover. The baking thus done was very satis-
factory. Often, what was called short-cake, made like our
biscuit, was baked before the fire in a long handled frying pan,
the handle resting on a chair. Pancakes were fried in this
same pan, and the cook would turn the cake without knife or
lifter, but by a quick movement of the hand and arm. One

(38)

KVANOKUNK.

young lady was thus frying cakes while a young man, who
was greatly interested in her, sat in the chimney corner watch-
ing her dexterously turning them. Something that confused
her must have l)een said, for she missed the turn on one, and it
landed in his lap, raw side down.

Everyone kept sheep. The sheep were sheared , the wool was
picked and greased, and taken to the carding machine, where it
was made into rolls. It was then taken home, and spun into
yarn on the big wheel. From there it went to the loom where
it was woven into blankets, and cloth for men's clothes and
women's dresses for everyday use. No young lady was ready
to be married until she had prepared a stock of home made
blankets, so much needed in that climate.

Flax was raised, cleansed of the tow, or hard part, on the
hatchel, a board with long iron teeth, and spun on the little
wheel. The product was then woven, and this too was an im-
portant part of a young lady's dowry. .

Wheat bread and rye bread were used; also much com
meal. "Fine bread" was of wheat, "coarse bread" was of
rye. Coal oil came into use about 1840. Before that time,
and to a great extent for many years after, the light used was
from dipped or moulded candles.

At church the conduct of old and young was governed by
rigid rules. All actions in the house of God were most sedate
and exemplary. Sunday school began at 9:00 A. m. and lasted
until 10:45. Then en intermission of fifteen minutes was given
for children to walk in the graveyard, read the inscriptions on
the tombstones, and eat their lunches. Church services began
at 1 1 o'clock. After the sermon, liberty was given to anyone
desiring to speak. In the Presbyterian church they sang the
Psalms of David, in the Baptist church Watts' hyms were
used, and with the Methodist church came Wesley's hymns.
Pews were either owned or rented. When a family hadentered

^^IdM^Ktt&itaK "

oung man, who
ey corner watch-
ig that confused
m on one, and it

red, the wool was

lachine, where it

e, and spun into

the loom where

:n's clothes and

lady was ready

of home made

ard part, on the
>un on the little
3 too was an itn-

also much com

bread" was of

ifore that time,

: light used was

^as governed by
ere most sedate
A. M. and lasted
inutes was given
inscriptions on
1 services began
(iven to anyone
1 they sang the
tts' hyms were
'esley's hymns,
nily hadentered

KVANORUNB.

their pew the door was closed and buttoned. Many pews had
a low seat along one b'uIv for the children, who were not
allowed to be conspicuous. During the prayer all stood and
faced about, except in the Methodist church, where all knelt.
The negro pews were in the gallery. Negroes were not
allowed to enter the body of the church.

Little girls wore short dresses, as they do now, but with
pantalets down to the shoe-tops. Their shoes were not high

-•*''•■

''pM

St^il,

^^^^

AlNjI

iuS

'^i'r^.w'

-*»j>»,frrK!

%^..

■■

Port WIHUnM Bridge, CornwAllli Biver, Tide out.

laced or buttoned, but low, with two or three pairs of eyelets
for laces. Their hats had very broad brims. Beads of glass.
West India peas, or gold were much worn. The boys wore
long pants and boots, short jackets, and flat topped caps with
glazed visors. After the days of stocks, knee-pants and large
buckles, the men wore white beaver hats, "swallow-tailed"
coats with brass or horn buttons, vests of various colors, and
white or black trousers. For work in the woods in winter,
many men wore rawhide moccasins. In winter, the older men

BVANGBLINB.

wore long camelot cloaks fastened at the throat by a chain.
The old ladies wore long cloaks of broadcloth or shepherd's
plaid. Large bonnets were worn, and in due time came the
kind called the "scoop" bonnet.

Children did not have the toys and playthings of to-day.
A wax doll or a London doll was a luxury and rarity. A
whole family of rag dolls usually inhabited the garret. An
old dormer window was also a favorite play house.

At school, the desks consisted of a board placed slantwise,
and extending along the wall on three sides of the school-room!
In front of this "desk" was a bench for the pupils, and under
the "desk" was a horizontal board for the books. When the
pupils wrote they faced the wall; when they studied or recited
they swung their feet over the bench and faced the center of
the room. Classes studied their spelling aloud and in unison,
swaying together on the bench as the cadence rose and fell.
When a school became crowded, a double "desk" with its
benches was built down the middle of the room. Most school-
houses were built with a dungeon, a small room with no win-
dows, for the confinement of refractory pupils. Quill pens
were used, and the teacher kept them in repair. When the
school had a lady teacher, all the girls took their "work" and
learned to sew. The teacher basted most of the work. After
learning to sew, each girl was expected to work a "sampler,"
which was a small square of canvas, around the edge of which
a vine with fruit was worked with crewels. Inside the vine
was the name of the worker, her age, the alphabet, and some-
times a motto, a bird or an animal. The boys had but few
playthings except those made with a jack knife. They played
ball, hide and seek, tag and various other games similar to those
of to-day. Girls and boys played together "Old Mother Hop-
pity Clink," "Thomaway," "The Spanish Knight" or "The
Rich Widow."

throat by a chain,
doth or shepherd's
lue time came the

ythings of to-day.

ry and rarity. A

d the garret. An

house.

1 placed slantwise,

}f the school-room.

pupils, and under
books. When the

studied or recited
Ficed the center of
ud and in unison,
nee rose and fell.
i "desk" with its
>m. Most school-
oom with no win-
upils. Quill pens
spair. When the
their "work" and
' the work. After
rork a "sampler,"
the edge of which
Inside the vine
;>habet, and some-
>oys had but few
ife. They played
les similar to those
Old Mother Hop-
ECnight" or "The

Mother:
Knight:

BVANOBI,INB. 39

SPANISH KNIGHT.

"My daughter Jane she is too young

To be ruled by your false, flattering tongue."

"Then fare-thee-well, my lady gay,
For I must turn another way."

"Turn back, turn back, ye Spanish Knight,
And scour your boots and spurs so bright."

"My boots and spurs they cost you naught.
For in this town they were not bought;
So, fare-thee-well, my lady gay,
For 1 must go another way."

RICH WIDOW.

"I am a rich widow;

I live all alone;

I have but one daughter

And she is my own.

Come choose you a good one

Or choose you none. "

The young men gathered birch bark, which was used to
make "Ughters" for Ughting the candles, kindling fires, and
also to spread on the house under the shingles, to keep out the
cold of winter. They gathered rushes for bottoming chairs
They gathered the moss from the uplands, and in summer the
parlor fireplace was filled with it. In for^t or field they saw
blackbirds, jays, bob-o'-lmks. robins, the great snowy owl, the
big brown owl, and the little screech owl. The little red
squirrel was common, crows and guUs were numerous, and in
some locahties the raven was found. The housewife gathered
for medicmal uses lobelia, catnip, boneset. tansy, wormwood.

,!#»'

SVANQBLmB.

motherwort, celandine, pith elder and sumac. From the!
shores and mud flats came an abundance of clams and scallops, [
called by the people "skim sheUs," because they were exten-
sively used for skimming milk.

From the rocks, at low water, was picked an edible sea weed I
called dulse.

.■wy<

fe^^

ajjlBWllWWlBi'^ii^^iMacagg^ig

Port WUlUuns Bridge, CornwaUU Blver, Tide in.
NOTSS.

1. The English custom of turning to the left when meet-
ing on the highway was adopted.

2. The principal roads running east and west through this!
part of the valley were called streets.

3. In one of the old church-yards was a head-stone at thel
grave of "Hannah EngUsh and Child, 1767." This head-l
stone was broken, through age or accident, and in the summerj
of 1897 it Was stolen by some relic hunting tourist.

Thepr

I sixty- five <

I the trip to

was used;

I The prodti

I geese, chi<

I socks and i

the pair, i

were about

per pair for

thread, su{

kept a gen

Thedrygo<

shillings an

per, with o

and Prencb

Thevel
caracole, ai
used the \t
with broad ^
of the dyk(
horses were
with strips
to the mou
fowling pie
wells by me
horseback, i

'^^WHSpfimiilKrilTwwww**-'"'

■~ " ' '"•nmat^mmmmi

c. Prom the I
IS and scallops, I
ly were exten-

^ble sea weed!

i,<, V

^.i

t when meet-

: through thisl

1-stone at thel
This head-l

a the summerl
t.

CHAPTER vn.

The Sdccbssors— Continued.

The principal market for their products was Halifax, about
sixty-five or seventy miles away. Two or three times a year
the trip to market was made. If the load was light, one horse
j was used; if heavy, three to five horses were driven tandem.
The produce taken consisted of mutton, pork, cheese, eggs,
geese, chickens, butter, apples, hay, and dozens of pairs of
I socks and mittens. Geese were sold per piece, and chickens by
the pair, all cleaned and ready to cook. Prices varied, but
! were about 5c to 7c for mutton, 50c for geese, and 25c to 40c
j per pair for chickens. They brought back cotton cloth, ribbons,
thread, sugar, silks, rum and molasses. The country stores
I kept a general stock from shingle nails to West India rum.
The dry goods came from England. The currency was pounds,
shillings and pence, consisting of English gold, silver and cop-
per, with one pound and five pound notes of paper. Spanish
and French coins were also in circulation.

The vehicles used were the "One Hoss Shay," the gig, the
caracole, and later the wagonette. For hauling loads they
used the wagon and the ox-cart. One variety of the latter,
with broad wooden rims and no tire, was used on the soft ground
of the dyke lands. To draw the stage coaches, four or six
horses were used. The plows had wooden mould-boards covered
with strips of band iron, and the shares were made and fitted
to the mould-boards by the blacksmiths. All muskets and
fowling pieces were flint-locks. Water was drawn from the
wells by means of the well-sweep. Much of the travel was on
horseback, and saddle-bags and pist<d holsters were in common

(41)

BVANG^UNS.

use. In winter the warming-pan, a large, round, shallow,,
metal pan with a metal cover and a long handle, was fiUed withL
live coals from the fireplace, and pushed between the blanket
to warm the beds before retiring.

These people had a firm belief in witchcraft, ghosts, signs,
and charms. A black cat shut in the oven and a wish made

The "Bore- of ifce TMe. Height of W»?e. 6 ft. 4 In.

for some one to come, would certainly bring the person wished
for. A black cat put under a tub would prevent any one from
coming. The tongs turned upside down would bring the one
wished for.

A woman once put a bUck cat under a tub, to prevent the
coming of some one from over the water. Such a violent
and terrible storm arose that she became frightened, let the cat
out, and the storm abated at once.

Here

living II

sick ore

them.

to disap

with otl

hill, W01

no trace

over the

Kinger-i

One old

reason f(

ache. S

moon, fi

seen ove

over the

be fulfill

uQmarri<

morning

seeing.

HaUc
favorite t
future,
some su{
took a hi
side of tt
these woi

and look<
would ce

'#M

BVANOBUKB.

, round, shallow,!
ile, was filled withi
ween the blanket

aft, ghosts, signs,
and a wish made

t.4111.

lie person wished
mt any one from
ild bring the one

>, to prevent the

Such a violent

tened, let the cat

Here and there were old women, said to be witches. People
living near them could not get their butter to come; cattle were
sick or chickens died, and of course the old woman had bewitched
them. One old woman in particular, had often been known
to disappear suddenly, while walking up a steep hill in company
with others. Her companions, on proceeding to the top of the
hill, would find her seated there quietly waiting for them, with
no traces of effort or fatigue. A horse-shoe was often placed
over the door, to counteract or prevent the witches' influence.
Finger-nails were cut on Friday to prevent the toothache.
One old lady, while cutting her nails on that day, gave as her
reason for so doing, that it was a sure preventive of tooth-
ache. She had not, at that time, a tooth in her head. The new
moon, first seen over the right shoulder, brought good luck;
seen over the left shoulder, it brought bad luck. When seen
over the right shoulder and a wish made, the wish would surely
be fulfilled. Among the young people it was said, that the first
unmarried person of the opposite sex, seen on St. Valentine's
morning, would be the future companion of the person so
seeing.

Hallow-e'en was celebrated in various ways. That was the
favorite time for working charms, and seeking knowledge of the
future. Spirits walked the earth on that night, and therefore
some supernatural effects were to be expected. If a young lady
took a handful of hemp seed, and walked once around the out-
side of the house, sowing the seed as she walked, and repeating
these words:

"Hemp seed, I sow thee.
Whomsoever I'm to have
Come after me and mow thee, "

and looked over her shotilder as she completed the circuit, she
would certainly see the mate of future years.

AVANOBUNS.

If yarn, unwound from a ball in the hand, be let down a
well, a pull would be felt, and the holder must ask who it was;
in answer, a name would be pronounced from the depths of the

well* I

Cabbage was migratory on Hallowe'en. From the gardens
of those who had a large quantity, it mysteriously traveled to
the homes of the poor, who had little or none. Gates changed
places, and other strange doings occurred; but no damage was

done to property.

In fixing the time for planting or sowing, making soap,
and for many other operations, strict attention was paid to tht
phases of the moon, and much dependence placed upon choos-
ing a favorable time according to that luminary.

A popular ghost story was to the effect that a ghost visited
the living, after they had retired for the night, and that a cold,
clammy hand was pressed upon them, coming unexpectedly
out of the darkness. Once a girl, a firm believer in ghosts,
had been listening to this, and similar stories told around the
fireplace in the evening. She went up to her room, feeUng |
very nervous and frightened. On getting into bed, she covered
up her head in dread of she knew not what. To her horror
she felt a soft pressure on her feet. This soft touch stole to-
ward her head, gradually and silently. She tried to scream,
but could not. But, in her agony, she at last heard, near her |
head, a sound that ended the trouble. It was the purring of
her pet cat. The "ghost" was at once joyfully recognized.

At various times and places, ghostly noises were heard, such
as groans, and the rattling of chains; but we suspect that the
solution in each case would have been as simple as that of the
ghostly hand we have just read of.

Many were the stories of pirates' gold and Captain Kidd's
treasure. On the face of the cliff at Blomidon, a cave was said
to exist, that contained a vast quantity of treasure. Some!

ven

era]

ag
and
am

w
tl
fr

land, be let down n
lUSt ask who it was;
>m the depths of the

From the gardens

teriously traveled to

>ne. Gates changed

but no damage was

wing, making soap,
ition was paid to the
placed upon choos-
iinary.

t that a ghost visited
ight, and that a cold,
oming unexpectedly
. believer in ghosts,
^ries told around the
to her room, feeling
: into bed, she covered
hat. To her horror
i soft touch stole to-
She tried to scream,
t last heard, near her
[t was the purring of
>yfuUy recognized,
oises were heard, such
: we suspect that the
simple as that of the

I and Captain Kidd's
lidon, acave was said
r of treasure. Some

BVANOBUNB.

venturesome spirits tried to reach and explore it. They returned
empty handed, saying that they found the entrance guarded by
a great serpent. This was in summer. Later they went again,
and this time said they were driven back by a skeleton sentinel,
armed with a sword and a blunderbuss. A third time the effort

Tbe pipe item* and pipe bowls i
treme right li from French ftppl
lUop or "8ktm" ■hells. Tbe bof

ripe bowls are from Acadian cellars. Bit of wood at
rench apple tree. The three shells In front are tbe
BOkilop or "skim" shells. Tbe bottle completely cofered with basket work
wBscoveied by Hlomac Indians. The old Blue In center Is the one mentioned
In the note. The other articles shown belonged to the early settlers of the

Jirovlnoe. Some were bcooRht from Scotland and England, and some came
rom Conneotlont about iTBOi Among them are copper articles, bom spoons
and some very old china.

was made by those who knew the secret of the difficult way to
the cave. This time they took with them a charm procured
from a negro voodoo doctor, which was proof against spirits or
snakes. When they neared the cave, they discovered an armed
party of rough characters in ambush in the woods, ready to

BVANOBLINB.

take by force any treasure they might secure. A third time
they returned unsuccessful, and soon after this, the cave was
hidden, and the path to it carried away, by a fall of rock.

The Isle au Haut, in the Bay of Fundy, was believed to
contain buried treasure, but it was asserted that when a party
landed from a vessel, and began to dig in a certain place, a
violent storm arose, which threatened to tear the vessel from
its moorings. When the party rushed to the beach, the sea
and air at once became still; but upon their return to their
digging, the same disturbance occurred, and they were forced
to abandon further effort for treasure.

An old man died, who had been considered as a blasphemer
by the stricter church people. These who watched with him
at his death declared that just as the spirit left his body, a
3tast, resembling a great black dog, came from under the bed,
sprang through the window, and vanished in the night.

At one of the inns, numerous guests had refused to remain
a second night, in a certain room of the house. They one and
all declared that they heard a voice saying repeatedly, "Want
to be shaved?' ' ' 'Want to be shaved?" The Undlord investi-
gated, and found that a tree branch, blown by the wind, raked
across the window with a noise that was almost an exact re-
production of the words the guests said they had heard.

An old clock, that had been in a certain family for many
years, is said to have foretold the death of at least five members
of that family, by striking between the hours, with no mistake
in the strikes of the foUowing hour. This was solemnly as-
serted by several members of the family, who said they heard it.

Suicide was almost unheard of. One case occurred, of
which we have record. An old lady took her own life; and,
according to the old law, she was buried where four roads met,
and a stake was driven through the body.

The young folks were thoroughly taught lessons of polite-

BVANGEUNB.

e. A third time
this, the cave was
I fall of rock.
y, was believed to
that when a party
a certain place, a
Eur the vessel from
the beach, the sea
:ir return to their
i they were forced

ed as a blasphemer
watched with him
irit left his body, a
rom under the bed,
n the night.
I refused to remain
ise. They one and
repeatedly, "Want
le landlord investi-
by the wind, raked
Imost an exact re-
y had heard.
in family for many
t least five members
rs, with no mistake
is was solemnly as-
lO said they heard it.
i case occurred, of
c her own life; and,
lere four roads met,

ness. Boys, on entering a school-room, bowed to their teacher.
On entering a room in a house, or while walking on the high-
way, they always bowed to their elders. Girls, on similar
occasions, "dropped a courtesy." One girl, who had been
thoroughly drilled in these matters, was one day walking on
the road, when she met a funeral. Mindful of her training,
she stopped, and courtesied to each person in the procession.

Before leaving this chapter we will notice a little story of
one of the school-masters of the old times. Some mischievous
neighboring boys poked a stick through his pantry window at
night, knocking down a pile of pans. His wife, awakened by
the noise, called him and told him there were thieves in the
house. His reply was, "Ann, get the broom and drive 'em
out. •■—And immediately he resumed his sleep.

NOTBSi •

1. The author has in his possession the Bible of the old
lady who committed suicide. The book was printed in 1725.

2. One boy, when not quite 14 years old, repeatedly made
the trip to Halifax with his load of produce; When we con-
sider his age, the value of his load, the distance traveled,
stopping at inns among strangers, the then wild country
through which he drove, and the great amount of purchases
made for the return journey after marketing his produce, we
consider this quite an achievement.

ht lessons of polite-

mm»*>-

CHAPTER VIII.

ThB ACADIANS AND ACADIAN RELICS.

Many tales were told regarding valuables concealed by the
Acadians. It was declared by many that descendants of the
French came to the province at various times, and dug up
treasure left by their ancestors. It must be true, for had they
not seen "with their own eyes" the hole where the digging
was done? Much, if not all, of this digging was done by young
men of the neighborhood, who were searching for the tiaditional
wealth of the Acadians. The truth of the matter is probably
this: The Acadians were not a wealthy people. They had
little or no money, and but few articles of value. If they owned
any jewelry it was probably in the form of heirlooms of such
small size that they could easily be worn, or hidden in the
household goods which they were permitted to take away with
them. They knew that they would not return, and they would
not be likely to bury such articles as the ones mentioned, and
under such conditions.

A region that is as important to the student of Acadia and
its Acadian remains as any in the valley, not excepting Grand
Pie, is the country on the north side of the road leading from
Upper Canard to Upper Dyke Village. Three or four French
orchards stood here, and the remains of numerous French
cellars and wells prove the previous existence of an Acadian
settlement of considerable importance. In the old days, many
articles used by the Acadians were found here. A descendant
of the Acadians came to this region many years ago, and made
careful inquiry and thorough search for an apple tree contain-
ing some links of a chain. He said that his ancestors had left

(48)

f/-^i»i A: i-»:-,is«-^- J;i;**iH**^'''-'f' "i^^»^

BVANOSLIITS.

iLICS.

:oncealed by the
icendants of the
les, and dug up
ue, for had they
lere the digging
is done by young
or the tiaditional
itter is probably
>ple. They had
. If they owned
eirlooms of such
»r hidden in the
> take away with
, and they would
) mentioned, and

nt of Acadia and
excepting Grand
oad leading from
« or four French
lumerous French
ce of an Acadian
e old days, many
e. A descendant
irs ago, and made
jple tree contain-
ancestors had left

articles buried near this tree; and if the tree were found he
could find the articles buried, by following directions handed
down to him. His search was in vain; but he found an old,
white-haired neg^o who remembered the chopping of the tree.
He could tell the orchard it was in, but could not locate the
position of the tree. He remembered the finding of the chain,
and described it accurately.

Some of the old French wells are still used. A very old
Frenchman lived in this neighborhood as late as 1825. His
house was said to be one that escaped burning by the English.
It is probable that every Acadian cellar (and some that are not
Acadian) has been probed in the useless search for valuables.
Many a sturdy apple tree was undermined by the searchers,
and many articles, considered valueless by them, but of greatest
value to the collector or student of today, were lost or destroyed.

Near Port Williams, there was a deep place in the Comwallis
river, into which, tradition tells us, the French cast their valu-
ables from the church. Another tradition is to the effect that
the bell from the church at Grand Pre was filled with gold
and silver articlt.'f, and sunk in the mud of the marshes.

The apples oi the Acadians were of both sweet and sour
varieties. They were not large apples, but the trees yielded
large crops.

The Acadian relics that are actually found consist of a few
articles, most of them rudely made, that tend to prove that
they were used by a people who were poor as to money or
articles of value; that things of luxury were unknown to them;
and that they toiled to cultivate the soil, reclaim the marshes,
and raise their crops and herds, to supply themselves with food
and clothing. From the fields and cellars, are dug, from time
to time, old ploughshares, coulters, spades, hoes, axes, hatchets,
hammers, scythes, pitchforks, wrought-nails, bits of glass of a
poor quality, links of chain, iron kettles of dififerent sizes, and

.^mi

EST"

ji*

KVANOmjNR.

clay pipes and broken pipe stems. Some of these pipes bear the
name of R. Tippet as the maker. Who R. Tippet was, and
where the pipes were made, is a question not yet decided.
Pipes of this same maker have been found in Indian graves of
north-central New York, and on Manhattan Island. Were the
pipes French, or were they English?

If we look on the valley at the season described by Long-
fellow when,

hm^^amm^',, i irliiilliMii

Relks taken from the old French weU at Grand Pre.
"Filled was the air with a dreamy and magical light; and

the landscape
Lay as if new-created in all the freshness of childhood,"

and see through the ''soft still air the Basin of Minas," and
"the ships with their wavering shadows" lying at anchor, we
do not think it strange that tales and legends were numerous
among the Acadians and their successors. How could it be
otherwise with such surroundings? We have no doubt of the
existence of such stories and "signs" as:

1. The finding of the lucky stone in the nest of the
swallow.

2. The luck attending the finding of a horseshoe.

pipes bear the
ppet was, and
t yet decided,
lian graves of
id. Were the

ibed by Long-

Pre.
light; and

lildhood."
>f Minas," and
at anchor, we
were numerous
ow could it be
lo doubt of the

;he nest of the

seshoe.

BVANGBLINB.

3. The lyoup-garou or were- wolf of the forest.

4. The goblin that came in the night to water the horses.

5. The white L6tiche, the ghost of the child who
unchristened died.

6. The talking of oxen in the stables on Christmas eve.

7. The curing of fever by a spider shut in a nut shell.

8. The luck attending the finding of a four leaved clover.

9. The signs of a hard winter, a.s foretold by the large sup-
ply of honey laid up by the bees, and the unusually thick fur

of the foxes.

"With whatdoever else was writ in the lore of the village."
The lines of the poem of Evangeline containing the state-
ment that

"At stated seasons the flood gates

Opened, and welcomed the sea to wander at will o'er the
meadows,"
have been criticized.

In the Cornwallis valley it has never been necessary to
admit the tides. When the dykes have been broken by a great
storm, and the salt water has swept over the meadows, two or
three years have elapsed before the grass fully recovered from
the effects. But there is a foundation for the lines quoted
above. In the Chignecto region there are tracts of marsh lands
that do not contain the ingredients found in the dyke lands of
other localities, and therefore their fertility does not endure.
To renew them the sea is admitted at intervals, and by a new
deposit their fertility is assured for another period.

Notes :

1 . It is interesting to note the agreement of the implements
and articles mentioned in the poem with the list of relics found.

2. Pipes have been found in the Acadian cellars in a posi-
tion which verifies Longfellow's line :

"Take from the shelf overhead thy pipe and the box of
tobacco."

CHAPTER IX.
The Indians.

The native Indians of Nova Scotia were the Micmacs, and
many members of this tribe still live in the province. The
early Micmacs were a warlike tribe, wandering from place to
place, hunting, fishing, or fighting with the tribes of the main-
land.

After gaining the friendship of the Indians, the Roman
Catholic Missionaries taught them their religion and easily con-
verted them to Christianity.

In Micmac tradition the most important character is Gloos-
cap. His deeds and character, and the veneration in which he
was held, remind us most forcibly of the Hiawatha of the west-
ern Indians or the Montezuma of Mexico. He was a combina-
tion of the human and divine, and he provided human conven-
iences for his people with omnipotent power and on a heroic
scale. Minas Basin was his beaver pond, the dam being at
Cape Split. Spencer's Island was his kettle turned upside
down. All animals were obedient to his will. He could at
any time call to his side the moose, the caribou, the bear and
the lynx, and they promptly did his errands and carried on his
work. He controlled the elements. When his enemies assem-
bled in great numbers, intending to overthrow him, he extin-
guished their fires, and called to his aid the armies of the frost,
so that soon the hostile force was cold in death. He possessed
the proverbial Indian hospitality to strangers, who were at all
times welcome to his great wigwam on Partridge Island.
Glooscap made the first man from a tree. He gathered ame-
thysts from Blomidon and gave them to his favorites. While

(53)

ill

. jjterjBesa •\-j,Mfii^*>^in^iTm^&^-^it'ti<*imii)saisia/m

'- ^^3l%<^Ki)Ag^^

EVANGEUNB.

:he Micmacs, and
! province. The
ng from place to
ribes of the main-

ians, the Roman
>n and easily con-

haracter is Gloos-
ation in which he
vatha of the west-
le was a combina-
d human conven-
and on a heroic
he dam being at
tie turned upside
ill. He could at
)ou, the bear and
ind carried on his
lis enemies assem-
>w him, he eztin-
rmies of the frost,
th. He possessed
s, who were at all
Partridge Island.
He gathered ame-
favorites. While

the dam existed, the waters filled the AnnapoUs vaUey . Becom-
ing angered at the beavers who inhabited this pond, he struck
the dam with his tomahawk, and the blow split the solid rock,
as seen at Cape Split to this day. He then siezed with his
hands a large portion of the dam and hurled it at the beavers.
This mass so thrown is known today as the Five Islands. A
large part of the pond was drained by this break in the dam,
and the beavers fled, to return no more.

Strange to relate, geologists support this tradition to a cer-
tain extent, and teU us that the waters did cover the valley,
until, by some great upheaval, they were forced within their
present boundaries. Glooscap tamed the whale, and used him
as a beast of burden. On the back of a whale he rode rapidly
to places far distant across the waters. He dwelt for many,
many years on Partridge Island, but when the white man came
he decided to depart. He called together all the birds and
animals, except the beavers, and gave them a grand fareweU
feast. At the close of the feast he bade them farewell, and
departed in his canoe, in a manner similar to the departure of
Hiawatha and Montezuma. After his departure, the birds and
animals no longer undei stood one another, and there was great
confusion and quarreUng. The loons stUl call unceasingly for
their friend, and the owls cry "Koo, Koo, Skoos!" "Koo, Koo,
Skoos!"— meaning Oh, I am sorry! Oh, I am sorry! But
Glooscap will surely come again; his kettle will be righted; his
dogs, which he turned to stone when he departed, will be
caUed to life; his unbounded hospitality will again be dispensed;
beast, bird and man will again understand each other, and uni-
versal peace and happiness will prevail.

The later Indians were not hostile to the EngUsh-speaking
settlers, and caused them but little trouble. They lived in
their wigwams, built of birch bark in the summer, or of hem-
lock bark and earth in the winter. They sold to the whites

BVANGBUNS.

baskets, birch-bark canoes, toboggans, snow-shoes, moccasins
and hides. Many of the articles made by the squaws were
ornamented with beads and porcupine quills of various colors.
They picked and sold berries and other products of the woods
and fields. When game was plenty they brought flesh, fish
and furs to the settlements.

Partridge Island, tbe home of Olooscap. Cape Split in tbe distance at left.

Soon after the coming of the white man, small-pox made
sad inroads among the Indians. Large numbers died of con-
sumption, and any contagious disease seemed to take fierce
hold upon them.

The stone relics of the early Indians of Nova Scotia are
comparatively scarce. Here and there are found the rude
arrow-head or spear-head, and occasionally a stone implement,
such as a celt, axe or pestle. Some authorities on archaeology
believe that most of these larger stone articles were made by
other and distant tribes, and were brought to Nova Scotia by

loes, moccasins
e squaws were
various colors.
ts of the woods
ught flesh, fish

distance at left.

small-pox made
lers died of con-
d to take fierce

STova Scotia are
found the rude
tone implement,
s on archaeology
» were made by
Nova Scotia by

BVANGBUNB.

trade, or were captured during one of their occasional raids to
the mainland.

When the "Eighteen Hundreds" were young and few,
an Indian was accidentally killed near Annapolis. A white
hunter met him, and jokingly grasping his gun near the
muzzle, thrust it toward the Indian saying, "Will /Aa/much
kill jfouf" The startled Indian sprang to one side to get out
of the range of the weapon, and in so doing stumbled and fell,
striking his head on a sharp stone. He died at once from the
effects of the wound so inflicted. The joker fled. The Indians
throughout the valley were greatly excited and threatened
revenge. Shortly after this occurrence, a lady with a baby in
her arms, was sitting in her house when the rest of her family
were absent. Suddenly and quietly the outer door opened,
and an Indian stepped into the room. Seeing that she was
alone, he asked fiercely "Who kill .'um dat Ingun down
'Napolis way*" "lam sure I don't know," said she. The
Indian then h' ^i long knife from his belt and, advancing
threateningly, -i.d "Me kill um you, anyway." At that
moment there «ub an interruption. A man who lived with
the family, making and mending shoes for them and their
neighbors, was working at his trade in an adjoining room.
Hearing the last exclamation of the Indian, he seized a gun
which stood in the corner, and rushed out saying "I guess
I'll killjfou/' ' The Indian darted out of the door. The man
followed and fired, and the Indian fell. After a moment he
rose slowly to his feet and, apparently unhurt, ran like a
scared deer. They never saw him again.

Notes.

1 . At the western extremity of Partridge Island the visitor
to the summit may see an excellent outline of an Indian's face
on the clifi' wall. The likeness is rendered more startling by

BVANGHUNS.

the reddish color of the rock of which it is composed. This is
said to be the likeness of Glooscap; and that stolid face looks
forever directly down the Bay of Fundy, through the gap
where the tides are ever rushing and swirling.

2. Partridge Island is about 400 feet high. [See Illustra-
tion.]

"Then blest Acadia! ever may tby name,
Like Britian'B, be graven on rolls of fame;
If ay all thy sons, like hers, be brave and fne,
Possessors of her laws and liberty;
Heirs of her splendor, science, pow'r and ridll,
And through succeeding years her children still.
Then as the sun with gentle, dawning ray.
From night's dull bosom wakes and leads the day,
His course majestic keeps, till in the height
He glows one blaze of pure ezhaustless light.
So may thy years increase, thy glories rise.
To be the wonder of the western skies;
And bliss and peace encircle all thy shore.
Till sun and moon and stars shall be no more."

Goldsmith,

LINB.
1.

2.
3.

15.

18.

19.
20.

22-23.
24.
25-26.
28-29.
30^1.

33.

BVANGBUNB.

josed. This is
olid face looks
irough the gap

[See Illustra-

le;
1 fnt,

I ikiU.
ren sdll.

»y.

Is the day,
ght
light,
iae,

we,

> more."
Goldsmith,

K0TB8 AND REFERENCES.

LINB.

1. nHmeval: — Never disturbed by the woodman's axe.

The sound of the wind blowing through these trees is very similar
to the distant sound of the sutf . A light breeze causes a sound
resembling a whispering.

2. These festoons of moss may be seen today in many of the ever-

green forests of N. S.

3. Druids: — Priests, or ministers of religion, among the ancient

Celtic nations in Gaul, Britain and Germany. They frequent-
ed or instructed in the forest, or sacrificed nnder an oak.
Eld: — Old times, former days, antiquity.

4. Harpers: See Walter Scott's Introduction to the "Lay of the

Last Minstrel."
Hoar: White, or grayish white; white with age.
6. Wail: Loud lamentation or expressi<Mi of sorrow.

Roe: The female deer. Note the condition of the startled roe
when followed by huntsman and hounds, as likened to the
, condition of the Acadians when they learned of their impend-

ing fate.
9. Thatch: Straw, hay, or rushes, used to cover the roofs of build-
ings for protection from the elements.
15. Grand Pri: Grand Prairie or Great Meadow.

18. TVaditioH: That which is transmitted orally from father to son

or from ancestors to posterity.

19. Aeadie: See Chapter IIL

20. See map of N. S.
22-23. See Chapter V.

24. See Note 1, Chapter IV.
25-26, See Chapter VIIL
28-29. See Chapter V.

30^31 . See Chapter V. Pitching a tent indicates an intention to remain.
Fogs and mists hang over the ocean all about the coasts of N.
S., as well as in the nearby region of Newfoundland and its
Banks.
33. See Chapter V.

fSj-rSttifp

KVANGEUNK.

34.

38.
39.
40.

41.

49.

50.

62.
66.
68.
70.
72.

74.

76.

84.
87.

91.
93.
94.

96,

Normandy: Ancient province of France, north-western part.

People were descendents of the ancient Normans or Northmen

who settled there.

There were four Henries of France. The reign of the HenriLS

began in 1031.
Vanes: Indicators showing direction of the wind.
Kirtle: An upper garment; a gown; a short jacket; a mantle.
Distaff: Staflf for holding the bunch of flax or wool from which

the thread is drawn in spinning by hand.
Looms: Machines for weaving the thread into cloth.
Shuttles: Instruments for passing the thread of the woof from

one side of the cloth to the other, between the threads of the

warp.
Angelus: Angelus Domini is the name given to the bell which

called the people to prayer, in commemoration of the visit of

the Angel of God to the Virgin Mary. See the picture called

"The Angelus."
Incense: A mixture of fragrant gums, spices, etc., used for pro-
ducing a perfume when burned. Used in religious rites or as

an offering to some deity.
Stalworth: Same as stalwart.
See Chapter V.
Kine: Cows.

Flagons: Vessels with narrow mouths, used for liquors.
Hyssop: A plant whose leaves have an aromatic smell and a

warm pungent taste.
Chaplet: A string of beads used in counting prayers.
Missal: The Roman Catholic mass-book.
See Note 1, Chapter IV.

Woodbine: The Honeysuckle; the Eglantine; Black Ivy.
Penthouse: A shed standing aslope from the main wall or build-
ing; a lean-to.
Bucket: Probably used with the well sweep.

Wains: Wagons.
Folds: Enclosures; pens.

Seraglio: The palace of the Sulten, inhabited by himself, his
officers and dependents, and his wives.
, See Matthew XXVI: 74, 75.

102.

110.
111.

150.

BVANGBUNB.

lorth-westeru part,
mans or Northmen

;ign of the Henries

Kriiid.

110.

jacket; a mantle,
or wool from which

to cloth.

i of the woof from

I the threads of the

HI.

117-18.
122.
124.
126.

n to the bell which
ition of the visit of
e the picture called

128.
131.

t, etc. , used for pro-
religious rites or as

1,35.
137.

145.

for liquors,
omatic smell and a

149.

; prayers.

ne; Black Ivy.

e main wall or build-

lited by himself, his

102. Weathercocks: So called because they were originally made in the
form of a cock. Any device to show direction of the wind; a
vane. The little wooden windmills are meant here.

Mutation: Change or alteration.

Knocker: An instrument fastened to a door, to be used in seek-
ing admittance.

Patron Saint: The saint regarded as the protector of the com-
munity.

See Tubal Cain, Vulcan, "The Village Blacksmith."

Plain-song: An ecclesiastical chant.

See mention of smithy in Chapter V.

Leather i lap: The leather apron worn by blacksmiths to guard
their clothing from sparks.

The tire is heated and placed on the wheel while still hot. On
cooling it contracts and thus fits closely to the rim.

Bellows: An instrument for forcing air through a tube to blow
the fire in the forge.

In a hilly country, coasting is always a popular winter sport.

It is said that if the mother swallow finds that one of her young
is blind, she seeks a little stone on the shore of the sea. This
stone she applies to the blind eyes, and restores the sight.

The old proverb says; "If the sun shines on Saint Eulalie's day
there will be plenty of apples, and cider enough." Saint
Eulalie's day is Feb. 12th.

The Zodiac is a belt 16° wide, 8° on each side of the ecliptic. It
is divided into twelve so-called signs, each 30° in length. Each
sign is indicated by picture of an object. The three j«^«*
of autumn are Libra, Scorpio, and Sagittarius; or the bal-
ances, the scorpion, and the archer.
150. Birds of passage: Those which migrate to the south in winter
and to the north in summer. See Bryant's "To a Water
Fowl."

152. Refers to the winds which prevail at the time of the autumnal

equinox, when the sun enters the sign of Libra, about Sept. 22d.

153. See Genesis XXXII; 24.

156. Indian hunterc: Micmacs, Chapter IX.
159. Same as our Indian Summer.

All Saints Day is Nov. 1st.

See last paragraph of Chapter VIII.

60 BVANGSUmt.

168. The colors of the autumn leaves.

170. Xerxes found a beautiful plane tree, and became ao enamored
with it that he adorned it with fine robes, necklace and jewels,
and placed a soldier to guard it.

176. Heifer: A young cow.

184. Regent: One who governs a kingdom daring the minority, ab-
sence or disability of a sovereign.

186. Late because they could work on the salt marshes only at low tide.

187. Briny hay: The so-called "salt" hay, a grass Mrhich grows on

land overflowed by the sea at high tide. It is cut and piled
upon platforms in the marshes. After it is thoroughly dried
or "cured" it is hauled to the farm yards. The wagons or
carta used for this work were similar to those described in
Chapter VII.
192. Udders: The milk glands of female mammals.
193-4. Who that has heard this sound can ever forget it?

205. Pewter: An alloy consisting chiefly of tin and lead.

206. Armed men are often distinguished at great disUnces by the

gleam of their arms as the sun strikes them. The Federals,

shut up in Chattanooga, first knew of the coming of troops sent

to relieve them, by the gleam of their rifle barrels seen far over

the hills.
.207. Carol: A song of joy or exultation.
213. The spinning wheels give out a peculiar humming sound when

in use.
Bagpipe: A musical wind instrument of Scotland and Ireland.

The air is pressed into the pipes from a leather bag. The bass

pipe is called the </fO«^ and the treble pipe is called the <rAa»^.

Thft "drone" here mentioned is the monotonous sound which

comes from the drone.
217. The sound gives the sense. Note the sound of the clock in the

pronunciation of the two words "clock clicked."
225. See Note 2, Chapter VIII.
228. Harvest moon: The moon near the full at the time of harvest,

or about the autumnal equinox.
231. Ballad: A popular, sentimental or narrative song in simple

verses.
234. The luck in horseshoes is mentioned in Chapters VII and VIII.

249. See historical account.

250. £

261. (

263. i

2f>l. 2

273-4.

275-6.

280.

282. £
284. 1

285. 1

286. :

306. i

322. i

330. i

344. 4

351-2. !

354. (

?'jfe!^0'a&S'*?-«*«/t*^'.«iS»ssJf^^

ime so enamored
JiUce and jewels,

the tninority, ab-
et only at low tide,
i Vrhich grows on
is cut and piled
thoroughly dried
The wagons or
hose described in

it?

lead.

distances by the
XX. The Federals,
ling of troops sent
rrels seen far over

iming sound when

land and Ireland.
ler bag. The bass
called the chanter.
nous sound which

if the clock in the
ed."

e time of harvest,

e song in simple
ters VII and VIII.

BVANOBUNB.

250.
261.
263.

267.

27a-4,

275-6.

280.

282.
284.

285.

286.
306.
322.

330.

344.

351-2.
354.

See Chapters IV and VIII.

GUde: Turf; soil; sod.

Inkhom: This may mean simply an inkstand, or a case holding
ink and pens.

Notary: An officer authorized to attest or certify deeds, con-
tracts and other '>.<itings, usually under his official seal, to
make them authentic. Usually called Notary Public. See

line 292.
See line 1261.
Either Queen Anne's or King George's war is meant.

The story of the were-wolf is, according to an old tradition of
Prance and various other European countries, that certain
human beings have the power to turn themselves into wolves
that they may devour children.

Some white, wild animal probably gave rise to this story.

This legend is probably a form of the old story that on Christ-
mas eve, the cattle in the stables fall on their knees in adoration
of the infant Savior, as the older legend says was done in the
stable at Bethlehem. If cattle are disturbed when lying down
they rise to their hind feet, theu to their knees, and then
to their front feet. On entering the stkble with a dim light
the cattle might b« seen rising from their knees in this manner,
•nd thus the story originated.

In England a cure for ague was a spider shut up in a goose quill
and hung about the neck. In the western states of the Union
where ague was prevalent, it was said that swallowing a spider
would cure the worst case of ague.

The four-leaved clover is an emblem of good luck.

An old Florentine story. See line 522.

Bronze: An alloy of copper with from ten to thirty per cent, of
tin. Sometimes zinc is added.

Brazen: Made of brass.

Draughts: Checkers, so named from the drawing of the men
from one square to another.

See line 1041.

Curfew: From couvre>feu, or cover fire. In the Middle Ages a
bell was rung at a certain hour, from seven to nine o'clock in
the evening according to the custom of the place, warning all
honest people to cover their fires and go to bed. The Normans
introduced this custom in England.

Ambroiiawas

62 BVANOBUNB.

371. Refers to the influence of the moon on the tidet.
381. See line 1095. Genews XXI, 14.

413. The fint named ionj< was written in the time of Henry IV. The
•econd was a song sung to a tune played on the chimes of

Dunkirk.
421. A drum beat sounded over the meadows.
442. Solstice o/summer: The time when the sun's rays are vertical

at the Tropic of Cancer, June 2l8t.
454. spar: A mast, yard, boom or guff.
456. See Chapter IV.

461 . Chancel: That part of the church where the altar U pUced.
466. Tocsin: An alarm bell.
470. Vigils: Devotional watching.
476. See Luke XXIII, M.
484. Ave Maria; An invocation to the Virgin Mary.

486. See 2d Kings, II, 11.

492. Emblazoned: Adorned with armorial ensigns.

498. Ambrosial: Delightful to the taste or smeU,
the food of the gods of the ancienU.

507. See Exodus XXXIV, 33-35.

533. See Note 2, Chapter IV.

575. Refluent: Returning; ebbing.

577. Kelp: A sea-weed. The ashes of kelp is used in the manufac-
ture of glass. The slippery sea-weed mentioned has smaller
leaves than the kelp. It sometimes covers the rocks and gives
a very precarious footing.

579. Leaguer: The camp of a besieging army.

682. Nethermost: Lowest.

597. See Acts XXVIII. Melita is Malta.

615. Titans: GianU in Greek mythology who tried to deprive Saturn
of his power in heaven, but were defeated and driven down
into Tartarus by Jupiter, who hurled thunderbolts at them.

621. Gleeds: Burning coals.

The instructions of the governor to Winslow were: "You must

proceed by the most vigorous measures possible, not only in

compelling them to embark, but in depriving those who shall

escape of all means of shelter or support by burning their

. houses, and by destroying everything that may aflford them the

means of subsistance in the country."
See Chapter IV.

657. V

660. i
(/>7. 1

670. J

672. 1

674. ]

675. 1

676. '.

677. ]
(>88. '

705.

707.
713.

721-3.

732.
733.

Henry IV. The
on the chimes of

rays are vertical
tar is placed.

Ambrosia was

in the manufac-
>ned has smaller
c rocks and gives

to deprive Saturn
ind driven down
bolts at them.

rere: "You must
ible, not only in
ig those who shall
by burning their
sy afford them the

EVANOKLINK.

6»

657.

M).
(/i7.

670.
672.

674.
675.
676.

677.

(,88.

705.

707.
713.

721-3.

732
733

/?<•//.• The Ifll tolled to mark thi passage of the soul to the other
world.

/iook: The service book.

Dirges: Funeral hymns.

They sailed with the falling tide because they could then pass
Cape Split with the current. Sailing vessels never attempt
that passage against the tide.

See Chapter IV.

The almost perpetual fogs of this region are probably due to the
meeting of the warm Gulf Stream and the cold Arctic Current.

From the Great Lakes to the Gulf States.

From the Atlantic to the Mississippi.

The Mississippi often washes away its banks so that a new
channel is formed during a single Bood. See Kaska-skia.

Bones of great extinct animals are found at various places in the
Mississippi Valley.

The trail leading to California through what was called the Great
American Desert, was marked by the bones of thousands of
cattle, mostly oxen, that died of thirst. At camping places the
wiak or worn out animals were often shot to end their misery.

Coureurs-des-bois: Men who accompanied the early fur traders of
the north-west. They paddled the canoes, carried the goods and
canoes at the portages, and assisted to gather in the furs from
the Indians. They were French or half-breeds. By living long
among the Indians they acquired many of the Indian customs.
Parkman's "Conspiracy of Poniiac," and "Discovery of the
Great West" contain many references to these men.
Voyagcur: A river boatman.

Saint Catherine of Alexandria and Saint Catherine of Siena were
both celebrated for their vows of virginity. Hence the saying,
meaning one devoted to a single life.
Refers to the ceaseless round of the moisture which rises from
the sea by evaporation, is carried over the land in the form of
clouds, falls in the form of rain, sinks into the earth, comes to
the surface in the springs, thence to the brook and the river,
and finally to the sea, where the journey begins again.
Shards: Fragments of earthen vessels.
Muse: A genius of art, literature or music.
Essay: Endeavor; try.

738.

741.

742.
741.

750.

755.
7%.
757.
758.
7Si

761.

764.

766.
769.
782.
78 J.

784.

786-7,
803.
807,

BVANOBLINB.

Sy/van: Forertlikv; pertainiog to the woodi. 8«e mesning of

PeniiBylvaitia; Selva*. See line 1253.

The Indians named this river the Ohio or Beautiful River. Oo

the earliest maps the latter name was applied to it.
See map of U. S.

Golden: Below the mouth of the Missouri the waters of the
Mississippi have a yellow tinge caused \>y the yellow clay
brought by the Missouri.

Between the first of January and the 13th of May, 1765, about
six hundred fifty Acadians had arrived at New Orleans. Lou-
isiana bad been ceded by France to Spain in 1762, but did not
really pass under the control of the Spanish until 1769. The
existence of a French population attracted the wandering
Acadians, and they were sent by the authorities to form set-
tlements in Attakapas and Opelousas. They afterward formed
settlements oti both sides of the Mississippi from the German
Coast up to Baton Rougt, and even as high as Point Coupee.
Hence the name of Acadian Coast, which a portion of the
banks of the river still heM^i.—Gayarre's Hislory of Louisiana.

Chute: A rapid descent of the river.

Probably cotton-wood trees are meant.

Lagoons: Shallow ponds or lakes.

iVimpting: Rippling or undulating.

J^licans: Web-footed waler-fowl, larger than swans, having au
enormous bill, to the lower edge of which is attached a pouch
capable of holding many quarts.

Perhaps the sweet orange is meant, as this was called the China
orange.

Goiden Coast: A portion of the shore of the river.

Cttron: The tree which produces th? .;itron of commerce.

A bayou on the west side of the river.

Tenebrous: Dark; gloomy: dusky.

Mimosa: The sensitive plant.

Possibly the reference is to the "Pale horse and his rider." Sec
Rev. VI, 8.

Stroke of doom: The final calamity. The culmination of fat*
or destiny.

See lines 700, 1145, 1244.

Desert: Here means a wilderness; a solitude.

Lakes formed by a broadeniug of th^ river.

816.

819.

820.

621-2.

837.

840.
842.

843.

853.

856.
865.

868-9.
871.
878.
885.
889.

890.
914.
924.
953.
956.

961.
970.
978.

felf^SSfefiefjfe'-

3«e mesning of

816.

iful River. Oo

819.

oil.

820.

821-2.

e waters of the

837.

he yellow clay

840.

ay, 1765, about

842.

Orleans. Lou-

762, but did not

843.

ntil 1760. The

the wandering

iea to form aet-

853.

fterward formed

om the German

) Point Coupee.

a portion of the

856.

^y of Louisiana.

865.

868-9.

871.

want, having au

878.

ttached a pouch

Has.

889.

Ailed the China

er.

ommerce.

890.

914.

924.

953.

his rider." Sec

956.

mina^ion of fat^

961.

970.

978.

SVANOKtINS.

Waahita or Ouachita waa the Indian name for the male deer.

The deer fed on the tender twiga of this willow.
Copt: Anything extending over the head.
Trumpet flower; The trumpet honeysuckle.
See Genesis XXVIII, 10-12.

Palmelto: A species of palm tree growing in southern states.
See arms of State of S. C.
Refers to 821-4.
Tholes: Pins in the gunwale of a boat to keep the oars in the

row-lock.
Trance: A stnte in which the soul seems to have passed out of

the body into another state of being, or to be wrapped into

visions.
Buoy; A float; used to mark channels, rocks or shoals. When

a ship leaves her anchorage intending to return soon, the cable

of the anchor is fastened to a buoy, thus saving the labor of

hoisting and casting the heavy anchor,
Teche (tesh) : A navigable bayou of I^a.
Magician; A conjurer.
IVand: A rod used by conjurers/ supposed to possess magical

charms.
See line 11.
See line 865.

Bacchantes: Devotees of Bacchus, the god of wine.
Amber; Resembling amber in color; yellowish.
Mistletoe: A parasitic evergreen plant bearing a glutinous fruit.

A variety grows in the southern states. When found upon the

oak, where it is rare, it was an object of superstitious regard

among the Druids.
Yule-tide: Christmas time.
Sombrero: A kind of broad brimmed hat
See line 635.

Ozark Mts.; Low mountains of southern Missouri.
Fates; The three goddesses who were supposed to determine

the course of human life.

Olympus: A mountain of Ancient Greece, the abode of the gods.
Ci-devant: Former; previous.

In tropical regions there is little or no twilight,
line with 172 and 574-5.

Coutras!: '.h\a

60 EVANGEUNB.

984. Natchitoches: A parish of N. W. La.
988-9. Refer to the cold climate and stony soil of Nova Scotia.
991-2. A very strong hyperbole.
1006. See page 285,

1009. Creoles: People bom in America or the West Indies, of Euro-
pean ancestors. It is also applied to anyone born within the
tropics.
1019. See line 415.

1033. Carthusian: A monk of the Carthusian order, which is the strict-
est and most severe in its rules of all religious societies.
One of its rules enforces almost perpetual silence. The monks
talk together but once a week.
1041 See line 352.

1044. *'Upharsin:" See Daniel V. "The handwriting on the wall."
1054. See line 627.

1057. Oracular: From oracle, an answer from a god among the
heathen to an inquiry made.
1060-1. Probable reference to Luke VII, 37-38.

1063. See Luke XV, 11-32.

1064. See Matthew XXV, 1-13.

1075. Garrulous: Indulging in long prosy talk; loquacious.
1082. Oregon: The Columbia river.

Wallevmy: Probably the Walla Walla, which flows into the

Columbia at Wallulu in Washington.
Owyhee: Kiver 350 miles long. Rises in N. Nevada and flows
into the Snake River.
1083-4. See map of northwestern states.
1091. Amorpha: False indigo. One variety is called the /«?«<///««/.
The flowers are violet or purple in terminal spikes.

1094. Prairie fires.

1095. Se line 381. The Arabs are supposed to be the descendants of

Ishmael. Hence any wandering people.

1097. The turkey-buzzard.

1098. Implacable: Relentless; irreconcilable.
1102. Taciturn: Silent; reserved.

Anchorite: An anchorite is a hermit or recluse; used here as an
adjective.
1106. The geography here is ratlier vague. The region of the Columbia
is so far from the Ozarks that it can hardly be called the same
"land."

Ill

112

ii:;

1140-
11(

121

1217-

12:

Scotia.

Indies, of Euro-
born within the

vhichistheitrict-

s societies.

ice. The monks i

Bg on tile wall."
god among the

1114.

1119.

uacious.

h flows into the

Nevada and flows

1124.

d the lead plant.
kes.

1140-5.
1167.

he descendants of

1182.
1211.

.' .

1217-21

le; used here as an

1226.

on of the Columbia

be called the same

1120.

BVANOBUNB.

Fata Morgana: The Italian name applied to a phenomenon
seen in the straits of Messina, and consisting of an appearance
in the air over the sea of the < bjects upon the neighboring
coasts. In the southwest of the United States, the mirage is
often seen; lakes and streams and trees are seen by the travel-
ler, but they exist only in his vision of the strata of air of
different densities.

Shawnee: A member of the tribe of that name. The Shawnees
were of the Algonquin family. Some writers consider them as
originally identical with the Kickapoos. They are first men-
tioned in history as being on the banks of the Fox river in
Wisconsin, in 1648. They engaged in war with the Iroquois and
most of them were driven southward to the Cumberland river,
whence they dispersed, some going to Florida, others to North
Carolina, and several bands to Pennsylvania. About 1795 a
portion of this tribe settled in Missouri under the protection of
the Spanish authorities. Shawnees were engaged in the con-
spiracy of Pontiac. They fought against Harmer, St. Clair and
Wayne. They were at Tippecanoe and the battle of the

Thames.
Camanches: Spelled also Comanches. A warlike tribe of no-
madic savages who roamed over a part of New Mexico and in
the valley of the Rio Grande. Their principal occupations
were robbery and war. They fought on horseback. They
were probably of the same stock as the Shoshones or Snake

Indians.

Venison: Flesh of the deer.

The tales remind us of the stories in "Hiawatha."

The Jesuit missionaries were called the "Black Robes," from
their long cloaks or habits.

Susurrus: Whisper.

Cloisters: A monastic establishment; a covered arcade forming
part of a monastic establishment.

Mendicant: Begging; poor.

. Compass flower: Our common resin weed. The edges of the
btt»d lower leaves always stand to the north and south.

Asphodel: A perennial plant of the genus Asphodelus, cultivat-
ed for the beauty of its flowers. Called also • 'king's spear. ' '

Nepenthe: A drug used by the ancients to relieve pain; sup-
posed to have been opium or hashish.

|ijiiipnw@ff!t^^ww*"*^^

BVANGBUNB.

1129.
1233.
1234.
1241.

1242.
1244.
1253.

1256.

1257.

Wold: A plain; a country without woods.

See map of Michigan.

The Great Iiakes.

Moravian: The Moravian church is the church of the United
Brethren. In the 15th and 16th centuries Moravia was one of
its principal seats. It originated in Moravia and Bohemia,
about 1457. They were established in this country and early
sent their missionaries to and settled in the Great West.

Tents of Grace: Gnadenhutten.

Armies of the Revolution.

Notice the repeated use of the word phaniom.

Origin of the word Pennsylvania. Sylvan, or forest land of

Penn.
The principal streets of Philadelphia, running east and west, are
named for the trees of the forest; as. Oak, Elm, Chestnut, etc.

Female deities who presided

1282.
1292

Dryads: Njrmphs of the woods,
over the woods.
1261. See lines 273-4.

1264. The Quakers make much use of the ancient or solemn form in
their speech.

Abnegation: Denial; renunciation.

In the early days watchmen patrolled the city at night and called
the hours. At midnight his call would be "Twelve o'clock
and all's well. " When, during the Revolution, a courier rode
into Philadelphia with a certain important message, the watch-
men on their rounds shouted "Twelve o'clock, and Comwallis
is taken."

From the settlement of Germantown, then some distance out-
side the city.

Philadelphia was visited by the ttrrihXt pestilence otytWon fever
in 1793.

The old Friend's almshouse which stood on Walnut street has
been pointed out as the scene of Evangeline's ministering and
of her meeting with Gabriel.
See line 106.

The New Jerusalem as described in Revelations.
1328. The old Swedes church at Wicaa> was begun in 1698. Wilson
the ornithologist is buried in iU churchyara.

See Exodus XII, 3-14.

See Introductory and Chapter VI.

See Chapter IV.

The poem of Evangeline was published in 1847.

12%.

1298.

1308.

1314-16,
1318.

1355-6
1390-1
1392-7

, of the United
avia was one of
and Bohemia,
mtry and early
at West.

forest land of

Bt and west, are
, Chestnut, etc.
:s who presided

solemn form in

night and called
Twelve o'clock
, a courier rode
lage, the watch-
and Comwallis

e distance out-

f of yellow fever

tlnut street has
ministering and

11696. Wilson

BVANGTT..rra.

PRONOUNCING VOCABULARY

OP PROPER NAMES AND FOREIGN WORDS
EVANGELINE.

Th« diieritlcal mRrk* given below tn thoae found in the latest edition of Wdh
■ter'e loternational Dictionaiy.

EXPLANATION OF MARKS.

A Dull (*) kbore the vowel denote* tlie \oag sound.
A Curve (") nbove the vowel denotes the t hort sound.

A Circumflex Accent C^) ubove the vowels a or u denotes the sound of • in cStVt
or of u in iQrii ; nbove the vowel o it denctes tlie sound of o in Orik
A Dot (' ) above the vowel a denotes the sound of a >u paai..
A Double Dot (") above the vowel a denotes the iwund of a in ctAr. -
A Double Dot (.,) below the vowel u denotes the sound of u in tr|i<i
A Wave (") above the vowel • denotes the sound of e in hSr.

S sounds like i.
f sounds like s.
t sounds like J.
t, t, t are similar in sound to I, S, B, l-"t are not pronounced so lonf.

Note that the pronunciation of French words can be given only approximately
by means of signs and English equivalents. A living teacher is xequisite to eaabl*
one to read and speak the language with elegance.

AVM Ouillaume Thomas Frsnci* Biqmal

(ib-bS'gt-ySm'.ete.).
Acadie (k-klMi').
XceS'dT&.
idl'yea.
Aelian (SnT-ln).

Alx-la4:hapelle (iks-IK^hK-pSlO-
Amotphaa (A-mOrTis).
Angelua Domini (In'jt-lQs dSml-ni).
Arct'dia.

asphodel (Ss'fS-dn).
Atehafatoya (leh-i-fA-n'A).
Attakapa* (XUBk'i-paw).
Bacchantes (ba-klnOli).
Baecliw(blkni»).

Beau Sdjonr (bS d-xhSSrO.

BSntdlf'Ttt.

BSn'edlct BSUefSntane'.

BIBmTdBn.

Briarens (br{'&-r&s).

Brages (bri^h).

CViUV.

CImlii'ch!|.

CSnIird'.

Cape Brit^Bo.

9a'tTe.

Cbarente Inferieure (shlr4ahV liih<lt-

r84!r').
Chamisay (shKr-nT-sSO.
Chattnus (shltr-tii').

^Si

BVANOBUNB.

CoUlle'.

oouraur»dM-boU (kBytlr-dX-bwX),

Contet FopuliafM (keDht ySp-n-UiO'

Mj«n-feu (k«y»r.l8).

Daato** Divio* Commtdia (dI-*l'D*

cSaMnPdI-ft).
Dttcauroi (dii-kS-rwH^).
EvIu'telTu*.
rVU MOrglf ■>*•
PUber Felieiaa (tttfihntm).
roDUiM4|ul-bout (lOnlitin-kS-Mb).
Oabrfal Lajeunene (m-tlit-uia').
OupeNMi (gitt-pS-rO').

OnadMibttttan (giiK^ii-hHt'So).

OniMl-Pr« (gtVoh-prS').

BtrOdttD*.

HocM HellmleM (blKri hn-Unnt-il).

IsMe da BatiUi (di rK-ii-yS').

lUvaiMgli (kl*'i-ut).

Uk CM du C«TWu> (U UI dn kK-vO'X

La Oain Udn (U gtU^i* Uf dri).

UHKra.

LK Sidle,

Le CariUoB d* DuakwqM (HI klr4>

yttah'didiin-kirk').
LtUclia (UMMiO-
UUnwi fIVIT-nB).
Louitbatf QSVT-barg).
LoupiPHroa (MS^Sr-fifiO.
Bwhn da elupaUe {uifU M Oilt^a/).
lbVU(ml-I«^)-
Mhiw Buln (mWUi bMto).

HatebttoelMa (aRek148ik).

ntpCntlit.

OpeleuiM (itp4-Uiyifa).

Outra-Mar (SHr-mii^

Owybca.

PluftmAquBd'dy.

nam C^ielle ipMi' kS-pOO-

FIi^quTd.

Plaquamine, Bayou «{(pllk-mlii', WO).

Pluquat ipIn-kiO-

Pointe Couptie (pwlnht k<»-pl').

Pqitou (pwK-tSB').

Itoii« UbIaiM (rS-nS' nMdlohkfV

RoclieUa (r^sliniO.

R(»iini(r8*4i'iit).

St. Haur (Onh nSrO-

Saintonge (duh'tSiihihOk

BIm'idu KgiaUfOt,

aaragUo (kt-rlfyS).

Siena (iS-Puft).

Silpbium laciniatoa (iTVfT-Bm IMTa-t*

S'tBm).
StraiU o( MeMina (mb-if n*).
Ticba(tisli).

Tout lea Bourgaott da Chaiteaa (OT II
bBSrihwIi^ dS ■hKttr).

Vphania (S-nr'iTu).

Utreelit (Q'trinct).

Vendte (viiulHlS^

voyageuT (v wll-yll-ihb»).

WacMU(weib^-U»).

Wallaway (wSUt-wI).

wita-woM.

WicacoCwS-klCkB).

ZinM(airka«)i

I
Bearc

Stanc

Stan^
t

Loud
1

Speal

Th
1

Leap
1

Whe;

Men

Dark

BO.

•mill', vnt).
k-p"').

hihkf).

r-Bm IMTa-t'

'a*).

MteM(tniS

BVANGBLINB.

EVANGELINE.

PRELUDE.

This is the forest primeval. The murmuring
pines and the hemlocks,

Bearded with moss, and in garments green, indis-
tinct in the twilight.

Stand like Druids of eld, with voices sad and pro-
phetic,

Stand like harpers hoar, with beards that rest on
their bosoms.

Loud from its rocky caverns, the deep-voiced neigh-
boring ocean

Speaks, and in accents disconsolate answers the wail
of the forest.

This is the forest primeval; but where are the
hearts that beneath it

Leaped like the roe, when he hears in the woodland
the voice of the huntsman?

Where is the thatch-roofed village, the home of Aca-
dian farmers —

Men whose lives glided on like rivers that water the
woodlands.

Darkened by shadows of earth, but reflecting an image
of heaven?

.J-

BVANGBUNA.

Waste are those pleasant farms, and the farmers for-
ever departed!

Scattered like dust and leaves, when the mighty
blasts of October

Seize them, and whirl them aloft, and sprinkle them
far o'er the ocean.

Naught but tradition remains of the beautiful village
ofGrand-Pre. *'

Ye who believe in affection that hopes, and endures,
and is patient,

Ye who believe in the bef^uty and strength of wo-
man's devotion.

List to the mournful tradition still sung by the pines
of the forest;

List to a Tale of Love in Acadie, home of the happy.

PART THE FIRST.
I.

In the Acadian land, on the shores of the Basin of

Minas, "

Distant, secluded, still, the little village of Grand-

Pre
Lay in the fruitful valley. Vast meadows stretched

to the eastward.
Giving the village its name and pasture to flocks

without number.
Dikes, that the hands of th^ farmers had raised with

labor incessant.
Shut out the turbulent tides; but at stated seasons

the flood-gates "

Opened and welcomed the sea to wander at will o'er

the meadows.

armers for-
he mighty
inkle them
iful village

d endures,
gfth of wo-
^ the pines
the happy.

PA tMtmvmmamtm

nmHrvm-^mgtWfvvii*^

lie Basin of
so

of Grand-
5 stretched
e to flocks
raised with
;ed seasons
at will o'er

EVANGEtlNE.

West and south there were fields of flax, and orchards

and cornfields
Spreading afar and unfenced o'er the plain; and away

to the northward
Blomidon rose, and the forests old, and aloft on the

mountains
Sea-fogs pitched their tents, and mists from the mighty

Atlantic *

Looked on the happy valley, but ne'er from their sta-
tion descended.
There, in the midst of its farms, reposed the Acadian

village.
Strongly built were the houses, with frames of oak

and of hemlock,
Such as the peasants of Normandy built in the reign

of the Henries.
Thatched were the roofs, with dormer-windows; and

gables projecting "

Over the basement below protected and shaded the

doorway. .
There in the tranquil evenings of summer, when

brightly the sunset
Lighted the village street, and gilded the vanes on

the chimneys,
Matrons and maidens sat in snow-white caps and in

kirtles
Scarlet and blue and green, with distafls spinning

the golden *"

Flax for the gossiping looms, whose noisy shuttles

within doors
Mingled their sound with the whir of the wheels and

the songs of the maidens.

BVANOBLINB.

4»

Solemnly down the street came the parish priest, and

the children
Paused in their play to kiss the hand he extended to

bless them.
Reverend walked he among them ; and up rose ma

trons and maidens,
Hailing his slow approach with words of affectionate

welcome.
Then came the laborers home from the field, and se-
renely the sun sank
Down to his rest, and twilight prevailed. Anon from

the belfry
Softly the Angelus sounded, and over the roofs of

the village
Columns of pale blue smoke, like clouds of incense

ascending, *'

Rose from a hundred hearths, the homes of peace and

contentment.
Thus dwelt together in love these simple Acadian

farmers, —
Dwelt in the love of God and of man. Alike were

they free from
Fear, that reigns with the tyrant, and envy, the vice

of republics.
Neither locks had they to their doors, nor bars to

their windows ; "

But their dwellings were open as day and the hearts

of the owners;
There the richest was poor, and the poorest lived in

abundance.

Somewhat apart from the village, and nearer the
Basin of Minas,

Benedi

Gi
Dwelt (

hi
Gentle

th
Stalwo

wi
Heart}

sn
White

br
Fair v

su
Black

Black,
si

Sweet
in

When

n<
Flagot

tl
Fairer

fr
Sprinl

hi
Sprinl

u;
Down

BVANOBUNS.

L priest, and
extended to
ap rose ma-

4<'>

afifectionate
eld, and se-
Anon from
lie roofs of
) of incense

)f peace and
)le Acadian
Alike were
vy, the vice
nor bars to

i the hearts
•est lived in

nearer the

Benedict Bellefontaine, the wealthiest farmer of

Grand-Pre,
Dwelt on his goodly acres ; and with him, directing

his household.
Gentle Evangeline lived, his child, and the pride of

the village.
Stal worth and stately in form was the man of seventy

winters ;
Hearty and hale was he, an oak that is covered with

snow-flakes;
White as the snow were his locks, and his cheeks as

brown as the oak-leaves.
Fair was she to behold, that maiden of seventeen

summers; *

Black were her eyes as the berry that grows on the

thorn by the wayside.
Black, yet how soflly they gleamed beneath the brown

shade of her tresses 1
Sweet was her breath as the breath of kine that feed

in the meadows.
When in the harvest heat she bore to the reapers at

noontide
Flagons of home-brewed ale, ah! fair in sooth was

the maiden. ^

Fairer was she, when on Sunday mom, while the bell

from its turret
Sprinkled with holy sounds the air, as the priest with

his hyssop
Sprinkles the congregation, and scatters bessings

upon them
Down the long street she passed, with her chaplet of

beads and her missal.

BVANGBLINB.

Wearing her Norman cap and her kirtle of blue, and

the ear-rings '"'

Brought in the olden time from France, and since, as

an heirloom,
Handed down from mother to child, through long

generations.
But a celestial brightness — a more ethereal beauty —
Shone on her face and encircled her form, when, after

confession.
Homeward serenely she walked with God's benedic-
tion upon her. **
When, she had passed, it seemed like the ceasing of

exquisite music.
Firmly builded with rafters of oak, the house of

the farmer
Stood on the side of a hill commanding the sea; and

a shady
Sycamore grew by the door, with a woodbine wreath-
ing around it.
Rudely carved was the porch, with seats beneath; and

a footpath *

Led through an orchard wide, and disappeared in the

meadow.
Under the sycamore-tree were hives overhung by a

penthouse.
Such as the traveler sees in regions remote by the

roadside.
Built o'er a box for the poor, or the blessed image of

Mary. .
Farther down, on the slope of the hill, was the well

with its moss-grown «»

Bucket, fastened with iron, and near it a trough for

the horses.

Shieldi

th(
There !

pl(
There ^

fea
Strutte

th<
Voice 1

Pe
Burstic

lag
Far o'e

sta
Under 1

coi
There t

cei
Murmu

an
Numbe

Thus

far
Lived c

his
Many a

his
Fixed 1

de\
Happy

glflBljqBi|j|lV'''Wlipi^liit%WWI*i'MP>iHM i">''i '■■■^V

BVANOBLINV.

f blue, and

id since, as

ough long

,1 beauty —
ivhen, after

I's benedic-

ceasing of

e house of

le sea; and

ine wreath-

ineath; and

ared in the
hung by a
lote by the
d image of
IS the well

trough for

Shielding the house from storms, on the north, were
the bams and the farmyard;

There stood the broad-wheeled wains and the antique
plows and harrows;

There were the folds for the sheep, and there in his
feathered seraglio.

Strutted the lordly turkey, and crowed the cock, with
the selfsame "»

Voice that in ages of old had startled the penitent
Peter.

Bursting with hay were the bams, themselves a vil-
lage. In each one

Far o'er the gable projected a roof of thatch; and a
staircase,

Under the sheltering eaves, led up to the odorous
cornloft.

There too the dove-cot stood, with its meek and inno-
cent inmates "w

Murmuring ever of love; while above in the vari-
ant breezes

Numberless noisy weathercocks rattled and sang of
mutation.

Thus, at peace with God and the world, the

farmer of Grand-Pre
Lived on his sunny farm, and Evangeline governed

his household.
Many a youth, as he knelt in the church and opened

his missal, »<»

Fixed his eyes upon her as the saint of his deepest

devotion;
Happy was he who might touch her hand or the hem

of her garmenti

VVANOBLINS.

Many a suitor came to her door, by the darkness be-
friended,

And, as he knocked and waited to hear the sound of
her footsteps,

Knew not which beat the louder, his heart or the
knocker of iron;

Or, at the joyous feast of the Patron Saint of the vil-
lage,

Bolder grew, and pressed her hand in the dance as he
whispered

Hurried words of love, that seemed a part of the
music.

But among all who came young Gabriel only was
welcome;

Gabriel Lajeunesse, the son of Basil the black-
smith,

Who was a mighty man in the village, and honored
of all men ;

For since the birth of time, throughout all ages and
nations.

Has the craft of the smith been held in repute by the
people.

Basil was Benedict's friend. Their children from
earliest childhood

Grew up together as brother and sister; and Father
Felician, ""

Priest and pedagogue both in the village, had taught
them their letters

Out of the selfsame book, with the hymns of the
church and the plain-song.

But when the hymn was sung, and tlie daily lesson
completed,

Swiftly

bla
There s

bel
Take ii

pla
Nailing

of I
Lay lili

cin
Oft on i

dai
Burstin

eve

Warmi

bel
And as

the
Merrily

the
Oft on j

ea(
Down t

me
Oft in t

on
Seeking

the
Brings

of]
Lucky 1

swi

mmm

XVANOXI.INB.

rkness be-
e sound of

irt or the

of the vil-
lance as he
art of the
[ only was
the black-

116

id honored

11 ages and
)ute by the
Idren from
md Father

180

had taught
mns of the
laily lesson

Swiftly they hurried away to the forge of Basil the
blacksmith.

There at the door they stood, with wondering eyes to
behold him *"

Take in his leathern lap the hoof of the horse as a
plaything,

Nailing the shoe in its place ; while near him the tire

of the cart-wheel
Lay like a fiery snake, coiled round in a circle of

cinders.
Oft on autumnal eves, when without in the gathering

darkness
Bursting with light seemed the smithy, through

every cranny and crevice, *"

Warm by the forge within they watched the laboring

bellows,
And as its panting ceased, and the sparks expired in

the ashes,
Merrily laughed, and said they were nuns going into

the chapel.
Oft on sledges in winter, as swift as the swoop of the

Down the hillside bounding, they glided away o'er the

meadow. **

Oft in the bams they climbed to the populous nests

on the rafters.
Seeking with eager eyes that wondrous stone, which

the swallow
Brings from the shore of the sea to restore the sight

of its fledglings;

Lucky was he who found that stone in the nest of the
swallow I

KVANGEWNR.

Thus passed a few swift years, and they no longer

were children.
He was a valiant youth, and his face, like the face of

the morning,
Gladdened the earth with its light, and ripened

thought into action.
She was a woman now, with the heart and hopes of a

woman.
"Sunshine of St. Eulalie" was she called; for that

was the sunshine
Which, as the farmers believed, would load their

orchards with apples;
She too would bring to her husband's house delight

and abundance.
Filling it full of love and ruddy faces of children.

SECOND READING.

Now had the season returned, when the nights

grow colder and longer.
And the retreating sun the sign of the Scorpion en-
ters.
Birds of passage sailed through the leaden air, from

the ice-bound.
Desolate northern bays to the shores of tropical

islands.
Harvests were gathered in; and wild with the winds

of September
Wrestled the trees of the forest, as Jacob of old with

tne angel.
All the signs foretold a winter long and inclement.
Bees, with prophetic instiuct of want, had hoarded

their honey ^

Y no longer

140

t the face of
md ripened
d hopes of a
:d; for that
load their

145

)use delight
children.

L the nights
scorpion en-
en air, from

lEO

of tropical

h the winds

> of old with

inclement,
had hoarded

BVANGBUNB.

Till the hives overflowed; and the Indian hunters as-
serted

Cold would the winter be, for thick was the fur of the
foxes.

Such was the advent of autumn. Then followed
that beautiful season.

Called by the pious Acadian peasants the Summer of

All-Saints!
Filled was the air with a dreamy and magical light;

and the landscape »«»

Lay as if new-created in all the freshness of childhood.
Peace seemed to reign upon earth, and the restless

heart of the ocean

Was for a moment consoled. All sounds were in

harmony blended.
Voices of children at play, the crowing of cocks in

the farm-yards,

Whir of wings in the drowsy air, and the cooing of
pigeons »«

All were subdued and low as the murmurs of love,
and the great sun

lyooked with the eye of love through the golden va-
pors around him;

While arrayed in its robes of russet and scarlet and
yellow.

Bright with the sheen of the dew, each glittering tree
of the forest

Flashed like the plane-tree the Persian adorned with
mantles and jewels.

-170

Now recommenced the reign of rest and aflFection
and stillness.

SVANOBLINS.

Day with its burden and heat had departed, and twi-
light descending
Brought back the evening star to the sky, and the

herds to the homestead.
Pawing the ground they came, and resting their

necks on each other,
And with their nostrils distended inhaling the fresh-
ness of evening. ^ *"
Foremost, bearing the bell, Evangeline's beautiful

heifer,
Proud of her snow-white hide, and the ribbon that

waved from her collar.
Quietly paced and slow, as if conscious of human

affection.
Then came the shepherd back with his bleating flocks

from the seaside.
Where was their favorite pasture. Behind them

followed the watch-dog, **

Patient, full of importance, and grand in the pride of

his instinct.
Walking from side to side with a lordly air, and

superbly
Waving his bushy tail, and urging forward the

stragglers ;
Regent of flocks was he when the shepherd slept;

their protector,
When from the forest at night, through the starry

silence, the wolves howled. ' "*

Late, with the rising moon, returned the wains from

the marshes,
Laden with briny hay, that filled the air with its

odor.

irt^^=CiP-*-«Saiir?iftd»«r'

BVANGBUNE.

and twi-

and the
ng their
lie fresh-

175

beautiful
bon that
r human
LUg flocks
id them

180

; pride of '

air, and
»rard the
rd slept;

he starry

lins from
with its

Cheerily neighed the steeds, with dew on their manes
and their fetlocks.

While aloft on their shoulders the wooden and pon-
derous saddles,

Painted with brilliant dyes, and adorned with tassels
of crimson, •*

Nodded in bright array, like hollyhocks heavy with
blossoms.

Patiently stood the cows meanwhile, and yielded their
udders

Unto the milkmaid's hand; whilst loud and in regular
cadence

Into the sounding pails the foaming streamlets de-
scended.

Lowing of cattle and peals of laughter were heard in
the farm-yard, **

Echoed back by the barns. Anon they sank into
stillness;

Heavily closed, with a jarring sound, the valves of
the barn-doors.

Rattled the wooden bars, and all for a season was
silent.

In-doors, warm by the wide-mouthed fireplace, idly
the farmer

Sat in his elbow-chair, and watched how the flames
and the smoke-wreaths ^

Struggled together like foes in a burning city. Be-
hind him.

Nodding and mocking along the wall with gestures
fantastic.

Darted his own huge shadow, and vanished away into
darkness.

EVANGELINE.

r-l

Faces, clumsily carved in oak, on the back of his

arm-chair,
Laughed in the flickering light, and the pewter plates

on the dresser **

Caught and reflected the flame, as shields of armies

the sunshine.
Fragments of song the old man sang, and carols of

Christmas,
Such as at home, in the olden time, his fathers before

him
Sang in their Norman orchards and bright Burgun-

dian vineyards.
Close at her father's side was the gentle Evangeline

seated, '••"

Spinning flax for the loom that stood in the corner

behind her.
Silent awhile were its treadles, at rest was its diligent

shuttle,
While the monotonous drone of the wheel, like the

drone of a bagpipe,
Followed the old man's song, and united the fragments

together.
As in a church, when the chant of the choir at inter-
vals ceases, ^^
Footfalls are heard in the aisles, or words of priest at

the altar,
So, in each pause of the song, with measured motion

the clock clicked.

Thus as they sat, there were footsteps heard, and,
suddenly lifted.
Sounded the wooden latch, and the door swung back
on its hinges.

Benedi(

th«
And hy

wi
"Welcc

pa
"V/elcc

on
Close 1

wi
Take fi

tol
Never ;

cu
Smoke

fa(
Round

Then, i

bli
Taking

sic
"Benec

tb
Ever ii

fit
Gloom^

th
Happy

a]
Pausin

:k of his
ter plates

305

)f armies
carols of

:rs before
Burgun-

rangeline

210

le corner
3 diligent
, like the
ragments
r at inter-

815

■ priest at
id motion

:ard, and,
ung back

EV ANGELINA. 89

Benedict knew by the hob-nailed shoes it was Basil

the blacksmith, *""

And by her beating heart Evangeline knew who was

with him.
"Welcome!" the farmer exclaimed, as their footsteps

paused on the threshold,
"V/elcome, Basil, my friend! Come, take thy place

on the settle
Close by the chimney-side, which is always empty

without thee;
Take from the shelf overhead thy t)ipe and the box of

tobacco;
Never so much thyself art thou as when, through the

curling
Smoke of the pipe or the forge, thy friendly and jovial

face gleams
Round and red as the harvest moon through the mist

of the marshes."
Then, with a smile of content, thus answered Basil the

blacksmith,
Takine: with easy air the accustomed seat by the fire-

side:- . ^ .

"Benedict Bellefontaine, thou hast ever thy jest and'

thy ballad!
Ever in cheerfuUest mood art thou, when others are

filled with
Gloomy forebodings of ill, and see only ruin before

them.
Happy art thou, ixn if every day thou hadst picked up

a horseshoe."
Pausing a moment, to take the pipe that Evangeline

brought him, ""'

335

BVANGBI,INB.

And with a coal from the embers had lighted, he

slowly continued: —
"Four days now are passed since the English ships

at their anchors
Ride in the Gaspereau's mouth, with their cannon

pointed against us.
What their design may be is unknown; but all are

commanded
On the morrow to meet in the church, where his

Majesty's mandate ^*'

Will be proclaimed as law in the land. Alas! in the

mean time
Many surmises of evil alarm the hearts of the people."
Then made answer the farmer: — "Perhaps some

friendlier purpose
Brings these snips to our shores. Perhaps the har-
vests in England
By untimely rains or untimelier heat have been

blighted, ^

And from our bursting bams they would feed their

cattle and children."
"Not so thinketh the folk in the village," said warmly

the blacksmith.
Shaking his head as in doubt; then, heaving a sigh,

he continued: —
"Louisburg is not forgotten, nor Beau Sejour, nor

Port Royal.
Many already have fled to the forest, and lurk on its

outskirts, ^

Wuting with anxious hearts the dubious fate of to-
morrow.
Arms have been taken from us, and warlike weapons

of all kinds;

Nothinj

scy
Then w

far:
"Safer £

anc
Safer wi
Than oi

car
Fear no

of!
Fall on

ofl
Built a

oft
Strongl

the
Filled t

for
Rene L

inl
Shall w

OU]

As apai
hei

Blushii
ha(

And, as
ter

Bent
the

ighted, he
^lish ships
eir caunon
)ut all are
where his

240

las! in the

he people."
b^ips some

s the har-

have been

845

feed their
aid warmly
ig a sigh,
jejour, nor

lurk on its

sso

fate of to-
ce weapons

BVANGBLINB.

Nothing is left but the blacksmith's sledge and the

scythe of the mower."
Then with a pleasant smile made answer the jovial

farmer: —
"Safer are we unarmed, in the midst of our flocks

and our cornfields, ***

Safer within these peaceful dikes besieged by the ocean.
Than our fathers in forts, besieged by the enemy's

cannon.
Fear no eAdl, my friend, and to-night may no shadow

of sorrow
Fall on this house and hearth; for this is the night

of the contract.
Built are the house and the barn. The merry lads

of the village **

Strongly have built them and well; and, breaking

the glebe round about them.
Filled the barn with hay, and the house with food

for a twelvemonth.
Rene Leblanc will be here anon, with his papers and

inkhom.
Shall we not then be glad, and rejoice in the joy of

our children ?"
As apart by the window she stood, with her hand in

her lover's, ^

Blushing Evangeline heard the words that her father

had spoken.
And, as they died on his lips, the worthy notary en-
tered.

THIRD READING.

Bent like a laboring oar, that toils in the surf of
the ocean,

«VANGEUN«.

Bent, but not broken, by age was the form of the no-
tary public ;
Shocks of yellow hair, like the silken floss of the

I. 270

maize, hung

Over his shoulders; his forehead was high; and
glasses with horn bows

Sat astride on his nose, with a look of wisdom su-
pernal.

Father of twenty children was he, and more than a
hundred

Children's children rode on his knee, and heard his
great watch tick.

Four long years in the times of the war had he lan-
guished a captive,

Suffering much in an old French fort as the friend of
the English.

Now, though warier grown, without all guile or sus-
picion,

Ripe in wisdom was he, but patient, and simple, and
childlike.

He was beloved by all, and most of all by the chil-
dren ;

For he told them tales of the Loup-garou in the
forest,

And of the goblin that came in the night to water
the horses,

And of the white Letiche, the ghost of a child" who
unchristened

Died, and was doomed to haunt unseen the chambers
of children;

And how on Christmas eve the oxen talked in the
stable.

And how

a nu
And of tl

and
With whi

lage.
Then up

blacl
Knocked

ing ]
"Father

thel
And, pel

ship;
Then wit

publ
'* Gossip

thei
And wha

othe
Yet am I

tion
Brings tl

moh
"God's 1

irasc
"Must V

why
Daily inj

stroi
But, witl

tary
" Man is

EVANGELINB.

if the no-
ss of the

270

igh; and

sdom su-
e than a
leard his
I he lan-

876

friend of
le or sus-
nple, and

the chil-
li in the

280

to water
hild' who

chambers
id in the

And how the fever was cured by a spider shut up in
a nutshell, ^

And of the marvelous powers of four-leaved clover
and horseshoes,

With whatsoever else was writ in the lore of the vil-
lage.

Then up rose from his seat by the fireside Basil the
blacksmith,

Knocked from his pipe the ashes, and slowly extend-
ing his right hand,

"Father Leblanc," he exclaimed, "thou hast heard
the talk in the village, ^

And, perchance, canst tell us some news of these
ships and their errand."

Then with modest demeanor made answer the notary
public, —

'* Gossip enough have I heard, in sooth, yet am never
the wiser ;

And what their errand may be I know no better than
others.

Yet am I not of those who imagine some evil inten-
tion ^

Brings them here, for we are at peace ; and why then
molest us?"

"God's name!" shouted the hasty and somewhat
irascible blacksmith ;

"Must we in all things look for the how, and the
why, and the wherefore ?

Daily injustice is done, and might is the right of the
strongest ! "

But, without heeding his warmth, continued the no-
tary public, — *"

"Man is unjust, but God is just; and finally justice

BVANGBLINB.

Triumphs ; and well I remember a story, that often
consoled me,

When as a captive I lay in the old French fort at
Port Royal."

This was the old man's favorite tale, and he loved to
repeat it

When his neighbors complained that any injustice
was done them. '**

" Once in an ancient city, whose name I no longer
remember,

Raised aloft on a column, a brazen statute of Justice

Stood in the public square, upholding the scales in
its left hand.

And in its right a sword, as an emblem that justice
presided

Over the laws of the land, and the hearts and homes
of the people. "*'

Even the birds had built their nests in the scales of
the balance.

Having no fear of the sword that ilashed in the sun-
shine above them.

But in the course of time the laws of the land were
corrupted ;

Might took the place of right, and the weak were
oppressed, and the mighty

Ruled with an iron rod. Then it chanced in a noble-
man's palace ''^

That a necklace of pearls was lost, and ere long a
suspicion

Fell on an orphan girl who lived as maid in the
household.

She, after form of trial condemned to die on the scaf-
fold,

Patiently

Justic
As to hei

cende
Lol o'ert

thunc
Smote the

its lei
Down on 1

thebi
And in tl

magp
Into whos(

inwo\
Silenced,

ended
Stood like

no lai
All his tl

face, i
Freeze in

the w

ThenE

table,
Filled, tii;

home-
Nut-browr

villag
While fro

and it
Wrote wit

partie

that often

ich fort at

le loved to

V injustice

no longer

of Justice
e scales in

lat justice

and homes

810

e scales of
n the sun-
land were
weak were
in a noble-

315

ere long a
aid in the
in the scaf-

BVANORUN9.

Patiently met her doom at the foot of the statue of

Justice.
As to her Father in heaven her innocent spirit as-
cended, "*
Lo I o'er the city a tempest rose ; and the bolts of the

thunder
Smote the statue of bronze, and hurled in wrath from

its left hand
Down on the pavement below the clattering scales of

the balance,
And in the hollow thereof was found the nest of a

magpie,
Into whose clay-built walls the necklace of pearls v

inwoven." -^

Silenced, but not convinced, when the story was

ended, the blacksmith
Stood like a man who fain would speak, but findeth

no language;
All his thoughts were congealed into lines on his

face, as the vapors
Freeze in fantastic shapes on the window-panes in

the winter.

Then Evangeline lighted the brazen lamp on the

table, ^

Filled, till it overflowed, the pewter tankard with

home-brewed
Nut-brown ale, that was famed for its strength in the

village of Grand-Pre ;
While from his pocket the notary drew his papers

and inkhom.
Wrote with a steady hand the date and the age of the

parties,

EVANOKUNR.

Naming the dower of the bride in flocks of sheep and

in cattle. *''

Orderly all things proceeded, and duly and well were

completed,
And the great seal of the law was set like a sun on

the margin.
Then from his leathern pouch thp farmer threw on

the table
Three times the old man's fee in solid pieces of silver ;
And the notary rising, and blessing the bride and

bridegroom, ""

Lifted aloft the tankard of ale and drank to their

welfare.
Wiping the foam from his lip, he solemnly bowed and

departed,
While in silence the others ^at and mused by the

fireside,
Till Evangeline brought the draught-board out of its

corner.
Soon was the game begun. In friendly contention

the old men '"'

Laughed at each lUcky hit, or unsuccessful manoeuvre,
Laughed when r m;i,. was crowned, or a breach was

made in i- .. .,in^^ row.
Meanwhile, TS'.rct, in the twilight gloom of a window's

embras ir i,
Sat the lovers and whispered together, beholding the

moon rise
Over the pallid sea and the silvery mist of the mead-
ows.

860

Silently, one by one, in the infinite meadows of
heaven,

sheep and

••K<

I well were

e a sun on

r threw on

5 of silver ;
bride and

k to their

bowed and

sed by the

i out of its

contention

nanceuvre,
Dreach was

1 window's

lolding the

■ the mead-

aeadow$ of

^*,

•s 1

CIHM/ICMH

Microfiche

Series.

CIHM/ICMH
Collection de
microfiches.

Canadian Inatituta for Hiatorical Microraproductiona / Inatitut Canadian da microraproductiona hiatoriquaa

CIHM/ICMH

Microfiche

Series.

CIHM/ICMH
Collection de
microfiches.

Canadian Inatituta for Hiatorical IVIicroraproductiona / Inatitut Canadian da microraproductiona hiatoriquaa

Blossomi
ang(

Thus

the
Rang ou

strai
Rose the

the
Many a i

dooi
Lingered

glad
Carefulb

on t
And on 1

fam
Soon wit

lowe
Up the s

ness
Lighted '.

mai(
Silent sh

door
Simple tl

and
Ample a

care
Linen an

W0V(

This was

EVANGEI.INB.

Blossomed the lovely stars, the forget-me-nots of the
angels.

Thus was the evening passed. Anon the bell from

the belfry
Rang out the hour of nine, the village curfew, and

straightway
Rose the guests and departed; and silence reigned in

the household. «»

Many a farewell word and sweet good-night on the

door-step
Lingered long in Evangeline's heart, and filled it with

gladness.
Carefully then were covered the embers that glowed

on the hearth-stone,
And on the oaken stairs resounded the tread of the

farmer.
Scon with a soundless step the foot of Evangeline fol-
lowed. «»
Up the staircase moved a luminous space in the dark-
ness,
Lighted less by the lamp than the shining face of the

maiden.
Silent she passed through the hall, and entered the

door of her chamber.
Simple that chamber was, with its curtains of white,

and its clothes-press
Ample and high, on whose spacious shelves were

carefully folded *»

Linen and woolen stuffs, by the hand of Evangeline

woven
This was the precious dower she would bring to her

ht^sband in marriage^

iil

"^i'

msm

SVANGBUMS.

Better than flocks and herds, being proofs of her skill

as a housewife.
Soon she extingfuished her lamp, for the mellow and

radiant moonlight
Streamed through the windows, and lighted the room,

till the heart of the maiden "*

Swelled and obeyed its power, like the tremulous tides

of the ocean.
Ah! she was fair, exceeding fair to behold, as she

stood with
Naked snow-white feet on the gleaming floor of her

chamberl
Little she dreamed that below, among the trees of the

orchard.
Waited her lover and watched for the gleam of her

lamp and her shadow. ^ "*

Yet were her thoughts of him, and at times a feeling

of sadness
Passed o'er her soul, as the sailing shade of clouds in

the moonlight
Flitted across the floor and darkened the room for a

moment.
And, as she gazed from the window, she saw serenely

the moon pass
Forth from the folds of a cloud, and one star follow

her footsteps, "°

As out of Abraham's tent young Ishmael wandered

with Hagar.

FOURTH READING.

Pleasantly rose next mom the sun on the village
of Grand-Pre.

Pleasant

Mir
Where t

ridi;
Life had

labc
Knockec

oftl
Now fro

neig
Came ii

peai
Many a

you
Made th

ous
Where t

int
Group ai
, the
Long er<

silei
Thronge

groi
Sat,in tl

getl
Every h

and
For witl

tog«
All thin]

was

of her skill
lellow and
i the room,
ulous tides
»ld, as she
oor of her
trees of the
am of her

875

's a feeling
>f clonds in
room for a
iw serenely
star follow

880

1 wandered

-TO»ftv

the village

EVANGELINE.

Pleasantly gleamed in the soft, sweet air the Basin of

Minas,
Where the ships, with their wavering shadows, were

riding at anchor.

Life had been long astir in the village, and clamorous
labor »*

Knocked with its hundred hands at the golden gates
of the morning.

Now from the country around, from the farms and
neighboring hamlets,

Came in their holiday dresses the blithe Acadian
peasants.

Many a glad good- morrow and jocund laugh from the
young folk

Made the bright air brighter, as up from the numer-
ous meadows, **

Where no path could be seen but the track of wheels
in the greensward,

Group after group appeared, and joined, or passed on
. the highway.

Long ere noon, in the village all sounds of labor were

silenced.
Thronged were the streets with people; and noisy

groups at the house-doors

Sat,in the cheerful sun, and rejoiced and gossiped to-
gether. **

Every house was an inn, where all were welcomed
and feasted;

For with this pimple people, who lived like brothers
together,

All things were held in common, and what one had
was another's.

'■'^'''K^^afflBsssjiissaw^gi^^jasg^sis^s^sfe^asfc^

BVANGBUNB.

Yet under Benedict's" roof hospitality seemed more
abundant:

For Evaneeline stood among the guests of her
father

Bright was her face with smiles, and words of wel-
come and gladness

Fell from her beautiful lips, and blessed the cup as
she gave it.

Under the open sky, in the odorous air of the
orchard,

Stript of its golden fruit, was spread the feast of be-
trothal.

There in the shade of the porch were the priest and
the notary seated; **

There good Benedict sat, and sturdy Basil the black-
smith.

Not far withdrawn from these, by the cider press and
the bee-hives,

Michael the fiddler was placed, with the gayest of
hearts and of waistcoats.

Shadow and light from the leaves alternately played
on his snow-white

Hair, as it waved in the wind; and the jolly face of
the fiddler «*»

Glowed like a living coal when the ashes are blown
from the embers.

Gaily the old man sang to the vibrant sound of his
fiddle,

Tons les Bourgeois de Chartres^ and Le Carillon de
Dunkerque^

And anon with his wooden shoes beat time to the music.

Merrily

dar
Under t

me
Old fol

am<
Fairest

dav
Noblest

bla(

So pa

moi
Soundec

ows
Throng<

out,
Waited

hui
Garland

the
Then ca

proi
Entered

clai
Echoed 1

and
Echoed

porl
Closed,

the I
Then u]

step

"''^wji'-oSSSS

;med more
Its of her

400

rds of wel-
he cup as

air of the
east of be-
priest and

406

the black-

r press and

gayest of

tely played
ally face of

410

are blown
und of his
Carillon de
the music.

"^TP-^v

BVANGBUNB.

Merrily, merrily whirled the wheels of the dizzying
dances 4^

Under the orchard-trees and down the path to the

meadows;
Old folk and young together, and children mingled

among them.
Fairest of all maids was Evangeline, Benedict's

daughter!
Noblest of all the youths was Gabriel, son of the

blacksmith!

So passed the morning away. And lo! with a sum-
mons sonorous «»

Sounded the bell from its tower, and over the mead-
ows a drum beat.

Thronged ere long was the church with men. With-
out, in the churchyard,

Waited the women. They stood by the graves, and
hung on the headstones

Garlands of autumn-leaves and evergreens fresh from
the forest.

Then came the guard from the ships, and marching
proudly among them <»

Entered the sacred portal. With loud and dissonant
clangor

Echoed the sound of their brazen drums from ceiling
and casement, —

Echoed a moment only, and slowly the ponderous
portal

Closed, and in silence the crowd awaited the will of

the soldiers.
Then uprose their commander, and spake from the

steps of the altar, «»

Sv-

':i.m

.-#

EVANGKUNB.

Holding aloft in his hands, with the seals, the royal
commission.

"You are convened this day," he said, "by his Maj-
esty's orders.

Clement and kind has he been; but how you have
answered his kindness

Let your own hearts reply ! To my natural make
and my temper

Painful the task is I do, which to you I know must
be grievous.

Yet must I bow and obey, and deliver the will of our
monarch:

Namely, that all your lands, and dwellings, and cattle
of all kinds

Forfeited be to the crown; and that you yourselves
from this province

Be transported to other lands. God grant you may
dwell there

Ever as faithful subjects, a happy and peaceable peo-
ple!

Prisoners now I declare you, for such is his Majesty's
pleasure!"

As, when the air is serene in the sultry solstice of

summer.
Suddenly gathers a storm, and the deadly sling of the

hailstones
Beats down the farmer's com in the field, and shatters

his windows,
Hiding the sun, and strewing the ground with thatch
from the house-roofs, *^

Bellowing fly the herds, and seek to break their en-
closures;

'siss^s^im

i i Mlifil— liWg^'-"'^^'

Soontl

the
Silent a

the
Louder
And, bj

the
Vain ws

pre
Rang tl

hee
Rose, V

bla
As, on j
Flushec

wil
"Down

sw<
Death

hoi
More h(

ofs

Smote ]
tol

Inth

ten

Lol the

Entere<3

the

Raising

int

BVANGBUNB.

the royal
his Maj-
you have
iral make
now must
will of our
, and cattle
yourselves

; you may
ceable peo-

440

s Majesty's
solstice of
sling of the
nd shatters
with thatch

445

ik their en-

So on the hearts of the people descended the words of

the speaker.
Silent a moment they stood in speechless wonder, and

then rose
Louder and ever louder a wail of sorrow and anger,
And, by one impulse moved, they madly rushed to

the door-way. ^

Vain was the hope of escape; and cries and fierce im-
precations
Rang through the house of prayer; and high o'er the

heads of the others
Rose, with his arms uplifted, the figure of Basil the

blacksmith.
As, on a stormy sea, a Spar is tossed by the billows.
Flushed was his face and distorted with passion; and

wildly he shouted, — **

"Down with the tyrants of Englandl we never have

sworn them allegiance!
Death to these foreign soldiers, who seize on our

homes and our harvestsl"
More he fain would have said, but the merciless hand

of a soldier

Smote him upon the mouth, and dragged him down
to the pavement.

In the midst of the strife and tumult of angry con-
tention, *"
Lol the door of the chancel opened, and Father Felician
Entered, with serious mien, and ascended the steps of

the altar.
Raising his reverend hand, with a gesture he awed
into silence

. ,hi

':*

.■.-■^

KVANGKUN8.

All that clamorous throng; and thus he spake to his

people;
Deep were his tones and solemn; in accents measured

and mournful **

Spake he, as, after the tocsin's alarum, distinctly the

clock strikes.
"What is this that ye do, my children? what madness

has seized you?
Forty years of my life have I labored among you, and

taught you,
Not in word alone, but in deed, to love one an-

otherl
Is this the fruit of my toils, of my vigils and prayers

and privations? * *"'

Have you so soon forgotten all lessons of love and

forgiveness?
This is the house of the Prince of Peace, and would

you profane it

Thus with violent deeds and hearts overflowing with
hatred?

Lol where the crucified Christ from His cross is gaz-
ing upon you I

Seel in those sorrowful eyes what meekness and holy
compassion! *">

Hark! how those lips still repeat the prayer, 'O
Father, forgive theml'

Let us repeat that prayer in the hour when the wicked
assail us,

Let us repeat it now, and say, *0 Father, forgive
them!' »

Few were his words of rebuke, but deep in the hearts
of his people

Sank th
sioi

While t
forj

Then

froi

Fervent

peo

Not witl
Av"

Sang th
wit

Rose 01
tol

Mean
ill.

Wander
and

Long at

rig"
Shieldit

tha
Lighted

anc
Peasant

its

Long w
the

There s
wit

m^-

ke to his
measured

466

inctly the
: madness
you, and
: one an-
d prayers

470

love and

,nd would

ving with

ss is gaz-

and holy

476

rayer, 'O
tie wicked
:, forgive
;he hearts

BVANGBLINB.

Sank they, and sobs of contrition succeeded the pas-
sionate outbreak, ^

While they repeated his prayer and said, "O Father,
forgfive theml"

Then came the evening service. The tapers gleamed

from the altar;
Fervent and deep was the voice of the priest, and the

people responded.
Not with their lips alone, but their hearts; and the

Ave Maria
Sang they, and fell on their knees, and their souls,

with devotion translated, **

Rose on the ardor of prayer, like Elijah ascending

to heaveUi.

Meanwhile had spread in the village the tidings of

ill, and on all sides
Wandered, wailing, from house to house the women

and children.
Long at her father's door Evangeline stood, with her

right hand
Shielding her eyes from the level rays of the sun,

that, descending, **"

Lighted the village street with mysterious splendor,

and roofed each
Peasant's cottage with golden thatch, and emblazoned

its windows.
Long within had been spread the snow-white cloth on

the table;
There stood the wheaten loaf, and the honey fragrant

with wild flowers ;

;»:#r

-viHiM

4>.> ■''^j.i^-ivi^^'.ir. ,^^-'ii/**";-i '

mf^

100

SVANORUNB.

There stood the tankard of ale, and the cheese fresh
brought from the dairy ; **

And at the head of the board the great arm-chair of
the farmer.

Thus did Evangeline wait at her father's door, as
the sunset

Threw the long shadows of trees o'er the broad am-
brosial meadows.

Ah I on her spirit within a deeper shadow had
fallen,

And from the fields of her soul a fragrance celestial
ascended, — """

Charity, meekness, love, and hope, and forgiveness,
and patience !

Then, all forgetful of self, she wandered into the
village,

Cheering with looks and words the mournful hearts
of the women,

As o'er the darkening fields with lingering steps they
departed.

Urged by their household cares, and the weary feet
of their children. "*

Down sank the great red sun, and in golden, glim-
mering vapors

Veiled the light of his face, like the Prophet descend-
ing from Sinai.

Sweetly over the village the bell of the Angelus
sounded.

Meanwhile, amid the gloom, by the church Evan-
geline lingered.
All was silent within; and in vain at the door and the
windows ""

Stood
by

"Gabri
no

Came i

Slowly

of
Smouh

th
Empty

pli
Sadly i

ch
In the

ra
Loud c

th
Keenl)

ec
Told h

Thens
iu

Soothei
sit

Foui

thi

Cheeril

fai

Esese fresh
i-chair of
) door, as
broad am-
idow had
: celestial

600

rgiveness,
1 into the
ful hearts
steps they
veary feet

BOB

len, glim-

t descend-

Angelus

rch Evan-

or and the
uo

uv-^m

8VAN0RLINR.

101

Stood she, and listened atul looked, until, overcome

by emotion
"Gabriell" cried she aloud with tremulous voice, but

no answer
Came from the graves of the dead, nor the gloomier

grave of the living.
Slowly at length she returned to the tenantless house

of her father.
Smouldered the fire on the hearth, on the board was

the supper untasted. ■"'

Empty and drear was each room, and haunted with

phantoms of terror.
Sadly echoed her step on the stair and the floor of her

chamber.
In the dead of the night she heard the disconsolate

rain fall
Loud on the withered leaves of the sycamore-tree by

the window.
Keenly the lightning flashed; and the voice of the

echoing thunder «»

Told her that God was in heaven and governed the

world He created!
Then she remembered the tale she had heard of the

justice of Heaven;
Soothed was her troubled soul, and she peacefully

slumbered till morning.

FIFTH READING.

Four times the sun had risen and set; and now on
the fifth day
Cheerily called the cock to the sleeping maids of the
farm-house. ■*

i-m

-mmmmm

WittMiKmifamis^mmmmmmimiam

;,-f

102

EVANGELINK.

Soon o'er the yellow fields, in silent and mournful

procession,
Came from the neighboring hamlets and farms the

Acadian women,
Driving in ponderous wains their household goods to

the sea-shore,
Pausing and looking back to gaze once more on their

dwellings.
Ere they were shut from sight by the winding road

and the woodland. "*"

Close at their sides their children ran, and urged on

the oxen.
While in their little hands they clasped some frag-
ments of playthings. ■

Thus to the Gaspereau's mouth they hurried; and

there on the sea-beach
Piled in confusion lay the household goods of the

peasants.
All day long between the shore and the ships did the

boats ply; ^

All day long the wains. came laboring down from the

village.
Late in the afternoon, when the sun was near to his

setting,
Echoed far o'er the fields came the roll of drums fronj

the churchyard.
Thither the women and children thronged. On a

sudden the church-doors
Opened, and forth came the guard, and marching in

gloomy procession "*"

Followed the long-imprisoned, but patient, Acadian

farmers.

Even
ai

Sing a
ai

So wit

Down
a:

Foren
tl

Sang

"Sacr(

Fill oi

Then

tl
Joinec

. s]

Ming]

Ha]

s;
Noto

a
Calml

a
And £
Tears

n
Clasp

"^r^

mournful
farms the
d goods to
re on their
iding road

530

i urged on
some frag-

rried; and
ods of the
ips did the

635

a from the
ear to his
rums fronj
ed. On a
arching in

540

t, Acadian

BVAKGBLINS.

loa

Even as pilgrims, who journey afar from their homes
and their country,

Sing as they go, and in singing forget they are" weary
and wayworn.

So with songs on their lips the Acadian peasants de-
scended

Down from the church to the shore, amid their wives
and their daughters. "*

Foremost the young men came; and raising together
their voices,

Sang with tremulous lips a chant of the Catholic
Missions: —

"Sacred heart of the Saviour! O inexhaustible fountain I

Fill our hearts this day with strength and submission
and patience!"

Then the old men, as they marched, and the women
that stood by the wayside ^

Joined in the sacred psalm, and the birds in the sun-
shine above them

Mingled their notes therewith, like voices of spirits
departed.

Halfway down to the shore Evangeline waited in

silence.
Not overcome with grief, but strong in the hour of

affliction, —
Calmly and sadly she waited, until the procession

approached her, *"

And she beheld the face of Gabriel pale with emotion.
Tears then filled her eyes, and, eagerly running to

meet him,
Clasped she his hands, and laid her head on his

shoulder, and whispered, —

Si'il^-

^^a^msmmmmi^''

104

BVANGELINE.

"Gabriel I be of good cheer 1 for if we love one
another

Nothing, in truth, can harm us, whatever mischances
may happen I" ""

Smiling she spake these words; then suddenly paused,
for her father

Saw she, slowly advancing. Alas ! how changed was
his aspect!

Gone was the glow from his cheek, and the fire from
his eye, and his footstep

Heavier seemed with the weight of the heavy heart
in his bosom.

But with a smile and a sigh, she clasped his neck
and embraced him, *"

Speaking words of endearment where words of com-
fort availed not.

Thus to the Gasperau's mouth moved on that mourn-
ful procession.

There disorder prevailed, and the tumult and stir

of embarking.
Busily plied the freighted boats ; and in the confusion
Wives were torn from their husbands, and mothers,

too late, saw their children "*

Left on the land, extending their arms, with wildest

entreaties.
So unto separate ships were Basil and Gabriel carried,
While in despair on the shore Evangeline stood with

her father.
Half the task was not done when the sun went down,

and the twilight
Deepened and darkened around; and in haste the

refluent ocean ""

Fled a\

sai
Coverec

sli]
Farthei

tht
Like to
All escj

th(
Lay en

far
Back tc

0C(

Draggi

lea
Inland

saj
Then,

frc
Sweet y

frc
Lowing

ba
Waited

of
Silence

Ai
Rose n

frc

But
be

love one
ischances

50O

y paused,
aged was
fire from
ivy heart
his neck

566

s of com-
it mourn*

t and stir

confusion
mothers.

670

h wildest

il carried,
tood with

mt down,

haste the

67S

EVANGELINE.

105

Fled away from the shore, and left the line of the

sand-beach
Covered with waifs of the tide, with kelp and the

slippery sea-weed.
Farther back in the midst of the household goods and

the wagons,
Like to a gypsy camp, or a leaguer after a battle.
All escape cut o£F by the sea, and the sentinels near

them.
Lay encamped for the night the houseless Acadian

farmers.
Back to its nethermost caves retreated the bellowing

ocean,
Dragging adown the beach the rattling pebbles, and

leaving
Inland and far up the shore the strs^nded boats of the

sailors.
Then, as the night descended, the herds returned

from their pastures, ""

Sweet was the moist still air with the odor of milk

from their udders
Lowing they waited, and long, at the well-known

bars of the farm-yard, —
Waited and looked in vain for the voice and the hand

of the milkmaid.
Silence reigned in the streets ; from the church no

Angelus sounded,
Rose no smoke from the roofe, and gleamed no lighte

from the windows. *°"

SBO

But on the shores meanwhile the evening fires had
been kindled,

■■■«' riii'aiwrMWi

pfff

■^t. tiiiiJ^

106

BVANGBUNB.

Built of the drift-wood thrown on the sands from

wrecks in the tempest.
Round them shapes of gloom and sorrowful faces were

gathered,
Voices of women were heard, and of men, and the

crying of children.
Onward from fire to fire, as from hearth to hearth in

his parish, ^

Wandered the faithful priest, consoling and blessing

and cheering,
Like unto shipwrecked Paul on Melita's desolate sea-
shore.
Thus he approached the place where Evangeline sat

with her father.
And in the flickering light beheld the face of the old

man.
Haggard and hollow and wan, and without either

thought or emotion, *"

E'en as the face of a clock from which the hands have

been taken.
Vainly Evangeline strove with words and caresses to

cheer him.
Vainly offered him food; yet he moved not, he looked

not, he spake not,
But, with a vacant stare, ever gazed at the flickering

fire-light.
''^BenediciteV'* murmured the priest, in tones of com-
passion. "*
More he fain would have said, but his heart was full,

and his accents
Faltered and paused on his lips, as the feet of a child

on a threshold, .

Hushec
en*

Silentlj
ma

Raising
the

Moved

SOI

Then si
in

Sudd

the
Moon c

hoi
Titan-li

an(
Seizing

shs
Broadei

the
Gleame

lay
Column

flai
Thrust

qui
Then, a

tha
Whirlet

hui
Started

mil

inds from

Faces were

and the

hearth in

605

1 blessing
iolate sea-
>^eline sat
jf the old
ut either

000

ands have
aresses to
he looked

flickering
IS of com-

005

t was full,
of a child

HHU

KVANGELINE.

107

Hushed by the scene he beholds, and the awful pres-
ence of sorrow.

Silently, therefore, he laid his hand on the head of the
maiden,

Raising his tearful eyes to the silent stars that above
them «'»

Moved on their way, unperturbed by the wrongs and
sorrows of mortals.

Then sat he down at her side, and they wept together
in silence.

Suddenly rose from the south a light, as in autumn

the blood-red
Moon climbs the crystal walls of heaven, and o'er the

horizon
Titan-like stretches its hundred hands upon mountain

and meadow, '"

Seizing the rocks and the rivers, and piling huge

shadows together.
Broader and ever broader it gleamed on the roofs of

the village.
Gleamed on the sky and the sea, and the ships that

lay in the roadstead.
Columns of shining smoke uprose, and flashes of

flame were
Thrust through their folds and withdrawn, like the

quivering hands of a martyr "**

Then, as the wind seized the gleeas and the burning

thatch, and, uplifting.
Whirled them aloft through the air, at once from a

hundred house-tops
Started the sheeted smoke with flashes of flame inter-
mingled.

5%^

fUy

i P ' -""^

■ * ( . >i w wi i <wp r yi' -

108

BVANGBI.INB.

These things beheld in dismay the crowd on the
shore and on shipboard.
Speechless at first they stood, then cried aloud in

their anguish,
"We shall behold no more our homes in the village

ofGrand-Prel"
Loud on a sudden the cocks began to crow in the

farmyards.
Thinking the day had dawned; and anon the lowing

of cattle
Came on the evening breeze, by the barking of dogs

interrupted.
Then rose a sound of dread, such as startles the

sleeping encampments
Far in the western prairies of forests that skirt the

Nebraska
When the wild horses affrighted sweep by with the

speed of the whirlwind.
Or the loud bellowing herds of buffaloes rush to the

river- .

Such was the sound that arose on the night, as the

herds and the horses
Broke through their folds and fences, and madlg

rushed o'er the meadows.

Overwhelmed with the sight, yet speechless, the

priest ?ind the maiden
Gazed on the scene of terror that reddened and

widened before them;
And as they turned at length to speak to their silent

companion,
Lol from his seat he had fallen, and stretched abroad

on the seashore

Motion!

pai
Slowly

ma
Knelt a

ter
Then ir

his
Throng

slu
And wl

mu
Faces o:

ing
Pallid, 1

pas
Still th<

Ian

Reddeni
aro

And lik

sen
Then a

peo
"Let us

sea:
Brings

lam
Then si

chu
Such W(

has

-«qn

^d on the
aloud in
he village
5w in the
he lowing
ig of dogs
artles the

630

: skirt the
J with the
iish to the
fht, as the
ind madl

-t\

chless, the
lened and
their silent
hed abroad

BVANGKUNB.

109

Motionless lay his form, from which the soul had de-
parted. ««

Slowly the priest uplifted the lifeless head, and the
maiden

Knelt at her father's side, and wailed aloud in her
terror.

Then in a swoon she sank and lay with her head on
his bosom.

Through the long night she lay in deep, oblivious
slumber;

And when she woke from the trance, she beheld a
multitude near her. •«

Faces of friends she beheld, that were mournfully gaz-
ing upon her,

Pallid, with tearful eyes, and looks of saddest com-
passion.

Still the blaze of the burning village illumined the
landscape.

Reddened the sky overhead, and gleamed on the faces
around her,

And like the day of doom it seemed to her wavering

senses. *

Then a familiar voice she heard, as it said to the

people, —
" Let us bury him here by the sea. When a happier

season
Brings us again to our homes from the unknown

land of our exile.

Then shall his sacred dust be piously laid in the
churchyard."

Such were the words of the priest. And there in
haste by the sea- side,

«6

'1.1

t,m.

110

KVANOEUNB.

Having the glare of thp burning village for funeral

But wUho^t bell or book, they buried the farmer of

Grand-Pre. , , ...

And as the voice of the priest repeated the service of

Lo! ^^tTi mournful sound like the voice of a vast
congregation, . , * .^

Solemnly answered the sea, and mmgled its roar
with the dirges.

'T was the returning tide, that afar from the waste

of the ocean, , • ^ j

With the first dawn of the day, came heaving and

hurrying landward. , . j • <

Then recommenced once more the stir and noise ot

embarking; . , . ., - . r

And with the ebb of the tide the ships sailed out of

the harbor, , , , j 4.1,^

Leaving behind them the dead on the shore, and th^^

village in ruins.

SIXTH READING.

Many a weary year had passed since the burning of

When on the 'falling tide the freighted vessels de-

BearFng^a nation, with all its household goods, into

Exile without an end, and without an example in

Far^Sfnder, on separate coasts, the Acadians
landed;

Scattere

wir
Strikes t

of I
Friendh

citj
From tl

sav
From th

the
Seizes tl

tot
Deep in

mai
Friends

ing

Asked o

nor
Written

chu
Long an

war
Lowly a

thii
Fair wa

ten(
Dreary t

pat]
Marked

su£f
Passions

aba:

r funeral
farmer of
service of
: of a vast
its roar

680

the waste
iving and
I noise of
led out of
e, and the

065

burning of
vessels de-
goods, into
:xample in
Acadian s

Hid

■iiiiiiiPilii

iiiiiliiiiii

BVANGBLINB.

Ill

Scattered were they, like flakes of snow, when the
wmd from the northeast

Strikes aslant through the fogs that darken the Banks
of Newfoundland.

Friendless, homeless, hopeless, they wandered from
city to city.

From the cold lakes of the North to sultry Southern
savannas —

From the bleak shores of the sea to the lands where
the Father of Waters "^

Seizes the hills in his hands, and drags them down
to the ocean.

Deep in their sands to bury the scattered bones of the
mammoth.

Friends they sought and homes; and many, despair-
ing, heart-broken.

Asked of the earth but a grave, and no longer a friend
nor a fireside.

Written their history stands on tablets of stone in the
churchyards. *»

Long among them was seen a maiden who waited and
wandered,

Lowly and meek in spirit, and patiently suffering all
things.

Fair was she and young; but, alas! before her ex-
tended.

Dreary and vast and silent, the desert of life, with its
pathway

Marked by the graves of those who had sorrowed and
su£fered before her, •*

Passions long extinguished, and hopes long dead and
abandoned,

ill

■m-.

■^'mmmm

112

BVANOBLINS.

As the emigrant's way o'er the Western desert is

marked oy , , " , . 1.1 u •

Camp-fires long consumed, and bones that bleach in

the sunshine.

Something there was in her life incomplete, imper-
fect, unfinished; . , „ . . j

As if a morning of June, with all its music and sun-

SuddlnTy paused in the sky, and fading, slowly de-
scended . , . , J

Into the east again, from whence it late had arisen

Sometimes she lingered in towns, till, urged by the
fever within her, j^u- * f

Urged by a restless longing, the hunger and thirst of

She woull commence again her endless search an^
endeavor;

Sometimes in churchyards strayed, and gazed on the
crosses and toinbstones,

Sat by some nameless grav^, and thought that per-
haps in its bosom,

He was already at rest, and she longed to slumber

beside him. . . , , , .

Sometimes a rumor, a hearsay, an inarticulate whisper,

Came with its airy hand to point and beckon her for

ward. . , , 1 1.

Sometimes she spake with those who had seen her

beloved and known him.

But it was long ago, in some far-off place or forgot-

ten
"Gabriel Lajeunesse I" they said; "Oh, yes 1 we have

seen him.

He was

got
Coureui

tra]
"Gabrie

ha\
He is a
Then w

wai
Are the:
Who hs

loy;

Here is

lov

Many a

Then w

"I
Whithe

anc
For wh

illu
Many tl

dai
Thereu]

fes!
Said, w

spe

Talk n
wai

If it en
tui

desert is
)leach in
e, imper-
and sun-
lowly de-
arisen
d by the

i thirst of
arch and

ed on the

that per-

o slumber

e whisper,
in her for-

700

seen her
or forgot-
sl we have

MMM

vlw

BVAN08LINH.

113

He was with Basil the blacksmith, and both have

gone to the prairies ;
Coureurs-des-bois are they, and famous hunters and

trappers." ^*

"Gabriel Lajeunessel" said others; "Oh, yes! we

have seen him.
He is a voyageur in the lowlands of Louisiana."
Then would they say, " Dear child ! why dream and

wait for him longer ?
Are there not other youths as fair as Gabriel ? Others
Who have hearts as tender and true, and spirits as

loyal? ""

Here is Baptiste Leblanc, the notary's son, who has

loved thee
Many a tedious year; come, give him thy hand and

be happy !"
Then would Evangeline answer, serenely but sadly,

" I cannot !
Whither my heart has gone, there follows my hand,

and not elsewhere. ^**

For when the heart goes before, like a lamp, and

illumines the pathway.
Many things are made clear, that else lie hidden in

darkness."
Thereupon the priest, her friend and father con-
fessor,
Said, with a smile, "O daughter! thy God thus

speaketh within thee !
Talk not of wasted affection, affection never was

wasted; '"

If it enrich not the heart of another, its waters, re-
turning

mam

wH^

114

BVANOBUNB.

Back to their springs, like the rain, shall fill them

full of refreshment ;
That which the fountain sends forth returns again to

the fountain.
Patience; accomplish'thy labor; accomplish thy work

of affection !
Sorrow and silence are strong, and patient enduranw

is godlike. .n i. i. *

Therefore accomplish thy labor of love, till the heart

is made godlike.
Purified, strengthened, oerfectcd, and rendered more

worthy of heaven 1 '
Cheered by the good man's words, Evangeline labored

and waited. - ,

Still in her heart she heard the funeral dirge of the

But with 'its sound there was mingled a voice that

whispered, " Despair not ! "
Thus did that poor soul wander in want and cheerless

discomfort, .

Bleeding, barefooted, over the shards and thorns ot

Let me essay, O Musel to follow the wanderer's foot-
Not through each devious path, each changeful year

of existence;
But as a traveler follows a streamlet's course through

the valley: ,.1,1

Far from its margin at times, and seeing the gleam

of its water , ^ • ^ u

Here and there, in some open space, and at intervals

only;

Then ^
glo

Thougl
mu

Happy,
an

It wa

Ri
Past th

ba!
Into thi

sis
Floated

boi
It was

8h
Nation

ge
Bound

mi
Men ai

or
Sought

ac
On th

lo
With

Fi
Onwai

mmmm.

MmPH

»*H

BVANOBLINB.

115

fill them
( again to
thy work
ndurance
the heart
ired more
le labored
rge of the

voice that

•no

cheerless

thorns of

irer's foot-

^eful year

se through

786

the. gleam
it intervals

Then drawing nearer its banks, through sylvan

glooms that conceal it, .
Though he behold it not, he can hear it.> continuous

murmur; , ,

Happy, at length, if he find a spot where it reaches

an outlet.

SEVENTH READING.

It was the month of May. Far down the Beautiful

River, , • « ^ir

Past the Ohio shore and past the mouth of the Wa-

bash| 1 * 'r \it'

Into the golden stream of the broad and swift Mis-
sissippi, . . - ,.
Floated a cumbrous boat, that was rowed by Acadian

boatmen. . r *i.

It was a band of exiles: a raft, as it were, from the
shipwrecked

Nation, scattered along the coast, now floating to-
gether, , ,. r J

Bound by the bonds of a common belief and a com-
mon misfortune; ., , , t.

Men and women and children, who, guided by hope
or by hearsay.

Sought for their kith and their kin among the few-

"^ acred farmers . . ^ r • r\

On the Acadian coast, and the prairies of fair O^p^

lousas. -J ii.

With them Evangeline went, and her guide, tlie

Father Felician.
Onward o'er sunken sands, through a wilderness
sombre with forests,

t< ;

116

EVANGELINE.

Day after day they glided adown the turbulent
river: .

Night after night, by their blazing fires, encamped on
its borders.

Now through rushing chutes, among green islands,
where plumelike

Cotton-trees nodded their shadowy crests, they swept
with the current.

Then emerged into broad lagoons, where silvery sand-
bars

Lay in the stream, and along the wimpling waves of
their margin,

Shining with snow-white plumes, large flocks of pel-
icans waded.

Level the landscape grew, and along the shores of the

• 760

river.

Shaded by china-trees, in the midst of luxuriant gar-
dens,

Stood the houses of planters, with negro cabins and
dove-cots.

They were approaching the region where reigns per-
petual summer.

Where through the Golden Coast, and groves of
orange and citron.

Sweeps with majestic curve the river away to the
eastward.

They; too, swerved from their course; and, entering
the .Bayou of Plaquemine,

Soon were lost in a maze of sluggish and devious
waters.

Which, like a network of steel, extended in every
direction.

Over tl

of
Met in

ail
Waved

cat
Deathli

th
Home 1

SU1

Orbyl

lat
Lovely

on
Gleamc

tai
Down t

Dreaml
ar<

And o'<
an

Strang(
coi

At:, at 1

Far in
mi

So, at 1
ev

Shrink
ha

''mm:^^'is:~.i-''i^>^mxi^'f^m<^^«.-''<it'--^*»'-'

mmammmmmmm^

^^^^^^Ta^ay^^E!isIi

EVANGBLINB.

117

turbulent
icamped on
en islands,

7.-.r.

they swept
ilvery sand-
Lg waves of

x:ks of pel-
liores of the

780

curiant gar-
cabins and
reigns per-

1 groves of
iway to the
id, entering
ind devious
id in every

Over their heads the towering and tenebrous boughs
of the cypress • ,

Met in a dusky arch, and trailing mosses in mid-
air ^™

Waved like banners that hang on the walls of ancient
cathedrals.

Deathlike the silence seemed, and unbroken, save by
the herons

Home to their roosts in the cedar-trees returning at
sunset,

Or by the owl, as he greeted the moon with demoniac
laughter.

Lovely the moonlight was as it glanced and gleamed
on the water, ""^

Gleamed on the columns of cypress and cedar sus-
taining the arches,
Down through whose broken vaults it fell as through

chinks in a ruin.
Dreamlike, and indistinct, and strange were all things

around them ;
And o'er their spirits there came a feeling of wonder

and sadness, —
Strange forebodings of ill, unseen and that cannot be

compassed. "**

At:, at the tramp of a horse's hoof on the turf of the

prairies.
Par in advance are closed the leaves of the shrinking

mimosa.
So, at the hoof-beats of fate, with sad forebodings of

evil,
Shrinks and closes the heart, ere the stroke of doom

has attained it

iiiiilKIIWJill

Bl^

. .11

lid

SVAMGBI.IN8.

But Evangeline's heart was sustained by a vision,

that faintly , t.

Floated before her eyes, and beckoned her on through

the moonlight.
It was the thought of her brain that assumed the

shape of a phantom.
Through those shadowy aisles had Gabriel wandered

before her,
And every stroke of the oar now brought him nearer

and nearer.

Then, in his place, at the prow of the boat, rose

one of the oarsmen.
And, as a signal sound, if others like them perad-

venture
Sailed on those gloomy and midnight streams, blew

a blast on his bugle.
Wild through the dark colonnades and corridors leafy

the blast rang, , . .

Breaking the seal of silence and giving tongues to

the forest. . . ^- j

Soundless above them the banners of moss jUSt stirr^

to the music.
Multitudinous echoes awoke and died in the distance,
Over the watery floor, and beneath the reverberant

branches;
But not a voice replied; no answer came from the

darkness;
And when the echoes had ceased, like a sense of pam

was the silence.
Then Evangeline slept; but the boatmen rowe^

through the laidnight,

Silent a

son
Such as
While t

sou
Far off,

for<
Mixed >

the

Thus

shs
Lay, in
Water-1

tioi
Made b

the
Lifted!

me
Faint v

lia
And wi

isl
Fragrai

he
Near tc

sk
Soon b;

SUl

Under
th

Safely
thi

a vision,

n through

umed the

wandered

lim nearer

boat, rose
lem perad-
eams, blew

idors leafy
tongues to
just stirred

le distance,
reverberant

e from the

:nse of pain

men rowed

BKL.

BVANGBUM^.

Silent at times, then singing familiar Canadian boat-
songs,

Such as they sang of old on their own Acadian nvers.

While through the night were heard the mysterious
sounds of the desert.

Far off, — indistinct, — as of wave or wind in the
forest.

Mixed with the whoop of the crane and the roar of
the grim alligator.

Thus ere another noon they emerged from the
shades ; and before them

Lay, in the golden sun, the lakes of the Atchafalaya.

Water-lilies m myriads rocked on the slight undula-
tions

Made by the passing oars, and, resplendent in beauty,

the lotus

Lifted her golden crown above the heads of the boat-
men.

Faint was the air with the odorous breath of magno-
lia blossoms,

And with the heat of noon; and numberless sylvan
islands.

Fragrant and thickly embowered with blossoming
hedges of roses.

Near to whose shores they glided along, invited to
slumber.

Soon by the fairest of these their weary oars were
suspended.

Under the boughs of Wachita willows, that grew by
the margin,

Safely their boat was moored; and scattered about on
the greensward,

120

BVANOBUNa.

Tired with their midnight toil, the weary travellers
slumbered.

Over them vast and high extended the cope of a
cedar.

Swinging from its great arms, the trumpet-flower and
the grapevine

Hung their ladder of ropes aloft like the ladder of
Jacob,

On whose pendulous stairs the angels ascending, de-
scending,

Were the swift humming-birds, that flitted from blos-
som to blossom.

Such was the vision Evangeline saw as she.slumbered
beneath it.

Filled was her heart with love, and the dawn of an

. 1 835

opening heaven
Lighted her soul in sleep with the glory of regions
celestial.

Nearer, ever nearer, among the numberless islands,

Darted a light, swift boat, that sped away o'er the
water,

Urged on its course by the sinewy arms of hunters
and trappers.

Northward its prow was turned, to the land of the
bison and beaver. ^^

At the helm sat a youth, with countenance thought-
ful and careworn.

Dark and neglected locks overshadowed his brow, and
a sadness

Somewhat beyond his years on his face was legibly
written.

Gabriel

and

Sought i

son

Swiftly 1

isla

But by 1

met

So that

inl

All und

wei

Angel

ing

Swiftly

the

After tl

inl

As fron

Said wi'

Someth

Is it a i

Or has

spj

Then, 1

lot

Unto e

But ma

travellers
:ope of a
flower and

KM)

ladder of
ading, de-
from blos-
sluinbered
Lwn of an

835

of regions

;ss islands,
y o'er the

of hunters

,nd of the

e thought-

s brow, and

vas legibly

■■>»^mmmmmmmiim

mmmm

inmmm09ma\ rn»t

BVANGBLINB.

121

Gabriel was it, who, weary with waiting, unhappy
and restless, ir j r

Sought in the Western wilds oblivion of self and <A
sorrow.

Swiftly they glided along, close under the lee of the
island,

But by the opposite bank, and behind a screen of pal-
mettos;

So that they saw not the boat, where it lay concealed
in the willows;

All undisturbed by the dash of their oars, and unseen,
were the sleepers;

Angel of God was their none to awaken the slumber-
ing maiden. , ^ , ■•

Swiftly they glided away, like the shade of a cloud on
the prairie. . , , ,. j

After the sound of their oars on the tholes had died
in the distance,

As from a magic trance the sleepers awoke, and the
maiden

Said with a sigh to the friendly priest, "O Father
Felician! « , • i

Something says in my heart that near me Gabriel
wanders.

Is it a foolish dream, an idle and vague superstition?

Or has an angel passed, and revealed the truth to my
spirit?" ^ ,

Then, with a blnsh, she added, "Alas for my credu-
lous fancyl

Unto ears like thine such words as these have no

meaning,

But made answer the reverened man, and he smiled
as he answered, —

«f.

122

BVANGKLINB.

"Daughter, thy words are not idle; nor are they to

me without meaning,
Feeling is deep and still; and the word that floats on

the surface
Is as the tossing buoy, that betrays where the anchor

is hidden.
Therefore trust to thy heart, and to what the world

calls illusions.
Gabriel truly is near thee; for not far away to the

southward,
On the banks of the Teche, are the towns of St.

Maur and St. Martin.
There the long-wandering bride shall be given again

to her bridegroom.
There the long-absent pastor regain his flock and his

sheepfold.
Beautiful is the land, with its prairies and forests of

fruit-trees;
Under the feet a garden of flowers, and the bluest of

« 800

heavens
Bending above, and resting its dome on the walls of

the forest.
They who dwell there have named it the Eden of

Louisiana."

With these words of cheer they arose and con-
tinued their journey.

Softly the evening came. The sun from the western
horizon

Like a magician extended his golden wand o'er the
landscape;

Twinkling vapors arose; and sky and water and forest

Seemed

mil
Haugiu;

silv
Floated

tioi
Filled ^

sw«
Toucho

fee'
Glowed

arc
Then ft

wil
Swingii

wa
Shook i

mv
That t

see

PlaintiA

to
Seemed

Ba
Single

eni
Till, ha

in
As whe

tre
Shakes

e they to
: floats on
he anchor
the world
vay to the

855

ns of St.
ven again
:k and his
forests of
: bluest of

860

le walls of
le Eden of

i and con-
he western
d o'er the
r and forest

(MMMOMMMMI

BVANGBUNB.

123

Seemed all on fire at the touch ; and melted and

mingled together.
Hanging between two skies, a cloud with edges of

silver,
Floated the boat, with its dripping oars, on the mo-
tionless water.
Filled was Evangeline's heart with inexpressible

sweetness. "^

Touched by the magic spell, the sacred fountains of

feeling
Glowed with the light of love, as the skies and waters

around her.
Then from a neighboring thicket the mocking-bird,

wildest of singers,
Swinging aloft on a willow spray that hung o'er the

water.
Shook from his little throat such floods of delirious

music *"

That the whole air and the woods and the waves

seemed silent to listen.
Plaintive at first were the tones, and sad; then soaring

to madness
Seemed they to follow or guide the revel of frenzied

Bacchantes.
Single notes were then heard, in sorrowful, low, lam-
entation ;
Till, having gathered them all, he flung them abroad

in derision, *"

As when, after a storm, a gust of wind through the

tree-tops
Shakes down the rattling rain in a crystal shower 00

the branches,

ffi ' i mmiinUB

124

BVANGBLINB.

11.

With such a prelude as this, and hearts that throbbed
with emotion,

Slowly they entered the Teche, where it flows through
the green Opelousas,

And, through the amber air, above the crest of the
woodland.

Saw the column of smoke that arose from a neigh-
boring dwelling ;— , ■ ,. , •

Sounds of a horn they heard, and the distant lowing
of cattle.

EIGHTH READING.

Near to the bank of the river, o'ershadowed by
oaks from whose branches

Garlands of Spanish moss and of mystic mistletoe
flaunted,

Such as the Druids cut down with golden hatchets at
Yule-tide, ... J

Stood, secluded and still, the house of the herdsman.
A garden

Girded it round about with a belt of luxuriant blos-
soms, ^, , . ,r

Filling the air with fragrance. The house itself was

of timbers . „ ^ j

Hewn from the cypress-tree, and carefully fitted to-
gether.
Large and low was the roof; and on slender column^

supported, , , •, •

Rose-wreathed, vine-encircled, a broad and spacious

veranda.
Haunt of the humming-bird and the bee, extended

around it.

At each

gar<
Statione

bol.
Scenes c

rivs
Silence

and
Ran net

was
And fro

par
Into the

ros
In the I

pat
Throng

lin
Into wb

ing
Full in

cai
Hangii

in
Stood s

grj

Just
th<

Mount*
sti

Sat a
de

»mm m

; throbbed
s through
est of the

88.-1

a neigh-
LUt lowing

dowed by

mistletoe

latchets at

herdsman,
riant blos-
I itself was
y fitted to-
sr columns

895

d spacious
;, extended

BVANGBUNH.

125

At each end of the house, amid the flowers of the
garden,

Stationed the dove-cots were, as love's perpetual sym-
bol.

Scenes of endless wooing, and endless contentions of
rivals.

Silence reigned o'er the place. The line of shadow
and sunshine

Ran near the tops of the trees; but the house itself
was in shadow,

And from its chimney-top, ascending and slowly ex-
panding

Into the evening air, a thin blue column of smoke
rose.

In the rear of the house, from the garden gate, ran a
pathway

Through the great groves of oak to the skirts of the
limitless prairie.

Into whose sea of flowers the sun was slowly descend-
ing.

Full in his track of light, like ships with shadowy

canvas . , i

Hanging loose from their spar in a motionless calm

in the tropcis.
Stood a cluster of trees, with tangled cordage of

grapevines.

Just where the woodlands met the flowery surf of

the prairie,
Mounted upon his horse, with Spanish saddle and

stirrups,
Sat a herdsman, arrayed in gaiters and doublet of

deerskin.

.,;

mmt^mm^gm,

126

BVANOBUNV.

»2»)

Broad and brown was the face that from under the

Spanish sombrero
Gazed on the peaceful scene, with the lordly look of

Its master.
Round about him were numberless herds of kine that

were grazing
Quietly in the meadows, and breathing the vapory

freshness
That uprose from the river, and spread itself over the

landscape.
Slowly lifting the horn that hung at his s*de, and

expanding
Fully his broad, deep chest, he blew a blast, that re

sounded
Wildly and sweet and far, through the still dan.], air

of the evening.
Suddenly out of the grass the long white horns of the

cattle
Rose like flakes of foam on the adverse currents of

ocean .

Silent a moment they gazed, then bellowing rushed
o'er the prairie,

And the whole mass became a cloucl, a shade in the
distance.

Then, as the herdsman turned to the house, through
tbfe gate of the garden

Saw he the forms of the priest and the iriaiden ad-
vancing to meet him.

Suddenly down from his horse he sprang in amaze-
ment, and forward

Pushed with extended arms and exclamations of won-
der;

Whent

bla
Hearty

gai
There i

an:
Gave t1

fri«
Laughi

the

Thougl

doi
Stole o'

em
Broke

At
How h

boi
OverE

Tears <
ul<

"Gone?
on

All hei
an

Thent
as

"Be of
de

Foolisl

SVANOBLINB.

127

under the
ily look of
>f kine that
the vapory
elf over the
is side, and
ist, that re-
11 dattij. air
lomsof the
currents of
ring rushed
lade in the

925

se, through
niaiden ad-
5 in amaze-
ions of won-

When they beheld his face, they recognized Basil the

blacksmith.
Hearty his welcome was, as he led his guests to the

garden.
There in an arbor of roses with endless question and

answer
Gave they vent to their hearts, and renewed their

friendly embraces,
lyaughing and weeping by turns, or sitting silent and

thoughtful.
Thoughtful, for Gabriel came not; and now dark

doubts and misgivings **

Stole o'er the maiden's heart; and Basil, somewhat

embarrassed,
Broke the silence and said, "If you came by the

Atchafalaya,
How have you nowhere encountered my Gabriel's

boat on the bayous?"
Over Evangeline's face at the words of Basil a shade

Tears came into her eyes, and she said, with a trem-
ulous accent,

"Gone? is Gabriel gone?" and, concealing her face
on his shoulder^

All her o'erburdened heart gave way, and she wept
and lamented.

Then the good Basil said,— and his voice grew blithe
as he said it, —

"Be of good cheer, my child; it is only today he
departed.

Foolish boyl he has left me alone Avith my herds and
my horses.

946

mmmmm

'h *

128

8VAKOBUNS.

Moody and restless grown, and tried and troubled, liis
spirit

Could no longer endure the calm of this quiet exis-
tence.

Thinking ever of thee, uncertain and sorrowful

ever,
Ever silent, or speaking only of thee and his troubles,

He at length had become so tedious to men and to

maidens,
Tedious even to me, that at length I bethought me,

and sent him
Unto the town of Adayes to trade for mules with the

Spaniards.
Thence he will follow the Indian trails to the Ozark

Mountains,
Hunting for furs in the forests, on rivers trapping

the beaver. .

Therefore be of good cheer; we will follow the fu^

tive lover;
He is not far on his way, and the Fates and the

streams are against him.
Up and away tomorrow, and through the red dew of

the morning,
We will follow him fast, and bring him back to his

prison

Then glad voices were heard, and up from the
banks of the river,
Borne aloft on his comrades' arms, came Michael the
fiddler. ^ **"

Long under Basil's roof had he lived, like a god on

Olympus,

Having
tals

Far ren
fidd

"Long 1
mir

As they
stra

Father ]

the
Kindly

enr
Hailed

gos
Laughii

dai:
Muchtl

bla
All his

del
Much tl

the
And of

wh
Each 01

an<
Thustl

vei
Entere(

SU]

Waited
tog

URMWWI

>ubled, liis

luiet exis-

sorrowful

is troubles,
len and to

ought tne,
>s with the
the Ozark
s trapping
7 the fugl-
es and the

red dew of
»ack to his

t from the

Michael the

980

; a god on

EVANOKUNK. 129

Having no other care than dispensing music to mor-
tals.
Far renowned was he for his silver locks and his

fiddle.
"Long live Michael," they cried, "our brave Acadian

minstrell"
As they bore him aloft in triumphal procession; and
straightway **

Father Felician advanced with Evangeline, greeting

the old man
Kindly and oft, and recalling the past, while Basil,

enraptured,
Hailed with hilarious joy his old companions and

gossips,
Laughing loud and long, and embracing mothers and

daughters.
Much they marvelled to see the wealth of the ci-devant
blacksmith, ""

All his domains and his herds, and his patriarchal

demeanor ;
Much they marvelled to hear bis tales of the soil and

the climate,
And of the prairies, whose numberless herds were his

who would take them ;
Each one thought in his heart, that he, too, would go

and do likewise.
Thus they ascended the steps, and, crossing the breezy

veranda,
Entered the hall of the house, where already the

supper of Basil
Waited his late return ; and they rested and feasted
together.

ido

KVANGKLINK.

Over the joyous feast the sudden darkness de-
scended.

All was silent without, and, illuming the landscape
with silver.

Fair rose the dewy moon and the myriad stars; but
within doors,

Brighter than these, shone the faces of friends in the
glimmering lamplight.

Then from his station aloft, at the head of the table,
the herdsman . ,

Poured forth his heart and his wme together in end-
less profusion.

Lighting his pipe, that was filled with sweet Natchi-
toches tobacco, , -I J -1 J

Thus he spake to his guests, who listened, and smile^
as they listened : —

"Welcome once more, my friends, who long have
been friendless and homeless.

Welcome once more to a home, that, is better per-
chance than the old one ! , , J 1M *i,^

Here no hungry winter congeals our blood like tne

Here no stony ground provokes the wrath of the

farmer; , , . -i „„ „

Smoothly the plowshare runs through the soil, as^

keel through the water. .

All the year round the orange-groves are m blossom ,

and grass grows
More in a single night than a whole Canadian sum-

Here?T(i, numberless herds run wild and unclaimed
in the prairies ;

Here,

fo
With J

in
After 3

w:
No Ki

fr
Burnii

fa
Speak

h:
While

01
Sotha

a:
Sudde

h
But t

n
"Onh

For it
Cured

a
Then

s
Sonne

It wa

I
Who

iKIIIIIIIllllllllHHIIIIWIIIf ■>»

EVANGEUNK.

131

irkness de-
i landscape

I stars; but

lends in the
if the table,
ther in end-
reet Natchi-

u and smiled

^ see

) long have
i better per-
lood like the
vratH of the
the soil, as a

900

: in blossom ;
nadian sum-
id unclaimed

Here, too, lands may be had for the asking, and

forests of timber , > j

With a few blows of the axe are hewn and iramed

into houses.
After your houses are built, and your fields are yellow

with harvests.
No King George of England shall drive you away

from your homesteads.
Burning your dwellings and bams, and stealing your

farms and your cattle."
Speaking these words, he blew a wrathful cloud from

his nostrils, , . j

While his huge, brown hand came thundenng do\m

on the table, t^ ,. .

So that the guests all started; and Father Felician,

astounded, «. , ir

Suddenly paused, with a pinch :>{ snuff half-way to

his nostrils.
But the brave Basil resumed, and his words were

milder and gayer:—
"Only beware of the fever, my friends, beware of the

feverl ,. ,. MM

For it is not like that of our cold Acadian chmate.
Cured by wearing a spider hung round one's neck in

a nutshell!"
Then there were voices heard at the door, and foot-
steps approaching
Sounded upon the stairs and the floor of the breezy

veranda.
It was the neighboring Creoles and small Acadian

planters,
Who had been summoned all to the house of Basil

the herdsman.

Liuwi i ii l ii

» '! -«J.-JI.JH|.,-lli,.UI.U,,- ' -, i

.MHJUU

132

BVANCBLINB.

Merry the meeting was of ancient comrades and

neighbors: -i t. i.

Friend clasped friend in hli arms; and they who

before were as strangers, r • j *

Meeting in exile, became straightway as fnends to

each other,
Drawn by the gentle bond of a common country

together. .

But in the neighboring hall a stram of music, pro-

From the accordant strings of Michael's melodious

fiddle, ■•••• i-Mj

Broke up all further speech. Away, like children

delighted.
All things forgotten beside, they gave themselves to

the maddening
Whirl of the dizzy dance as it swept and swayed to

the music, , m ^^

Dreamlike, with beaming eyes and the rush of flutter-
ing garments.

Meanwhile, apart, at the head of the hall, the priest
and the herdsman
Sat, conversing together of past and present and

While Evangeline stood like one entranced, for within

her
Olden memories rose, and loud in the midst of the

music
Heard she the sound of the sea, and an irrepressible

SSIQIICSS

Came o'er her heart, and unseen she stole forth into
the garden.

,J3ffi*^

rw nw iMM«iat)JM

-ades and
;hey who
friends to
1 country
usic, pro-

WI5

melodious
i children
nselves to
swayed to
lofflutter-

, the priest
esent and
, foi within
idst of the
repressible
forth into

BVANGSLINB.

133

Beautiful was the night. Behind the black wall of

the forest,
Tipping its summit with silver, arose the moon. On

the river
Fell here and there through the branches a tremulous

gleam of the moonlight,
Like the sweet thoughts of love on a darkened and

devious spint.
Nearer and round about her, the manifold flowers

of the garden
Poured out their souls in odors, that were their prayers

and confessions
Unto the night, as it went its way, like a silent

Carthusian.
Fuller of fragrance than they, and as heavy with

shadows and night-dews,
Hung the heart of the maiden. The calm and the

magical moonlight
Seemed to inundate her soul with indefinable long-
ings,
As, through the garden gate, and beneath the shade

of the oak-trees,

Passed she along the path to the edge of the measure-
less prairie.

Silent it lay, with a silvery haze upon it, and fire^ies

Gleaming and floating away in mingled and infinite
numbers.

Over her head the stars, the thoughts of God m the
heavens,

Shone on the eyes of man, who had ceased to marvel
and worship.

Save when a blazing comet was seen on the walls of
that temple,

■Mij - wi" iL ,, jt vM\mm mmmf^^imi9mmmi^immfmmmi>f^

ii«in«Piipip>nN*M*>~

134

BVANOBLINS.

As if a hand had appeared and written upon them,

"Upharsin."
And the soul of the maiden, between the stars and

the fire-flies.
Wandered alone, and she cried, "O Gabriel! O my

beloved!
Art thou so near unto me, and yet I cannot behold

thei? .

Art thou so near unto me, and yet thy voice does not
reach me?

Ah! how often thy feet have trod this path to the
prairie!

Ah ! how often thine eyes have looked on the wood-
lands around me !

Ah! how often beneath this oak, returning from labor.

Thou hast lain down to rest, and to dream of me in
thy slumbers!

When shall these eyes behold, these arms be folded
about thee?"

Loud and sudden and near the note of a whippoorwiU
sounded

Like a flute in the woods ; and anon, through t^
neighboring thickets.

Farther and farther away it floated and dropped into
silence.

"Patience!" whispered the oaks from oracular cav-
erns of darkness ;
And, from the moonlit meadow, a sigh responded,
"To-morrow!"

Bright rose the sun next day ; and all the flowers
of the garden

Bathed

his

With tl

" Farev

shi

"Seetl

fa£

And, t

bri

" Fare\

Down 1

w«

Thush

Swiftlj

Blown

Notth

Found

Nor, a

Rumo

Till, a

Wear

■;itfls««»»«w-»»';*"ww'

»«)Mi*«aHnmM

on them,
itars and

1046

ill Omy

)t behold

does not

th to the

the wood-

loeo

-om labor,
of me in

be folded
ippoorwill
rough the

I0»

)pped into
cular cav-
esponded,

:he flowers

BVANGBLIMtt.

135

Bathed his shining feet with their tears, and anointed

his tresses . .

With the delicious balm that they bore m their vases

of crystal.
"Farewell!" said the priest, as he stood at the

shadowy threshold ; « /. ,.

"See that you bring us the Prodigal Son from his

fasting and famine,
And, too, the Foolish Virgin, who slept when the

bridegroom was coming."

" Farewell ! " answered the maiden, and, smihng, with

Basil descended
Down to the river's brink, where the boatmen already

were waiting.
Thus beginning their journey with morning, and sun-
shine, and gladness, .
Swiftly they followed the flight of him who was

speeding before them.
Blown by the blast of fate like a dead leaf over the

Not that day, nor the next, nor yet the day that sue-

Found they trace of his course, in lake or forest or

river,
Nor, after many days, had they found him ; but vague

and uncertain .,j ji

Rumors alone were their guides through a wild and

desolate country ;
Till, at the little inn of the Spanish town of Adayes,
Weary and worn, they alighted, and learned from t^

garrulous landlord ., ,

That on the day before, with horses and guides and

companions,

■ 1 " W M 'w mm mmmmi''^'^

136

EVANGELIKR.

Gabriel left the village, and took the road of the
prairies. ,-

NINTH READING.

Far in the West there lies a aesert land, where the

mountains
Lift, through perpetual snows, their lofty and lumi-
nous summits.
Down from their jagged, deep ravines, where the

gorge, like a gateway.
Opens a passage rude to the wheels of the emigrant's

wagon.
Westward the Oregon flows and the Walleway and

Owyhee.
Eastward, with devious course, among the Wind-rivre

Mountains,
Through the Sweet- water Valley precipitate leaps the

Nebraska ;
And to the south, from Fontainetquibout and the

Spanish sierras, /""

Fretted with sands and rocks, and swept by the wind

of the desert.
Numberless torrents, with ceaseless sound, descend

to the ocean,
Like the great chords of a harp, in loud and solemn

vibrations.
Spreading between these streams are the wondrous,

beautiful prairies,
Billowy bays of grass ever rolling in shadow and sun-

shine,
Bright with luxuriant clusters of roses and purple

amorphas.

Over th
an(

Over tt

les
Fires tl

wil
Over tt

chi
Stainin

ril
Circles

tui
Like tl

in
By inv;
Here a

sa'
Here a

And tl
th

Climbs
th

And o
he

Like 1
th

Into

Gabrie
b<

1 of the

irliere the
md lumi-

rhere the

loeo

migrant's
eway and
^ind-rivre
leaps the
and the

1086

the wind
, descend
id solemn
vondrous,
1 and sun-

1080

ad purple

BVANGBUNB.

137

Over them wandered the buffalo herds, and the elk,
and the roebuck ;

Over them wandered the wolves, and herds of rider-
less horses ;

Fires that blast and blight, and winds that are weary
with travel ;

Over them wander the scattered tribes of Ishmael's
children, *"*

Staining the desert with blood ; and above their ter-
rible war-trails

Circles and sails aloft, on pinions majestic, the vul-
ture.

Like the implacable soul of a chieftain slaughtered
in battle.

By invisible stairs ascending and scaling the heavens.

Here and there rise smokes from the camps of these
savage marauders; """

Here and there rise groves from the margins of swift-
running rivers ;

And the grim, taciturn bear, the anchorite monk of
the desert.

Climbs down their dark ravines to dig for roots by
the brook-side.

And over all is the sky, the clear and crystalline
heaven.

Like the protecting hand of God inverted above
them. "*

1106

Into this wonderful land, at the base of the Ozark
Mountains,
Gabriel far had entered, with hunters and trappers
behind him.

mmhmmmipmmk:

138 BVANGKUNE.

Day after day, with their Indian guides, the maiden

and Basil , t. j *

Followed his flying steps, and thought each day to

o'ertake him. , .t. i

Sometimes they saw, or thought they saw, the smoke

of his camp-fire
Rise in the morning air from the distant plain; but

at nightfall, , r j i

When they had reached the place, they found only

embers and ashes. j u •

And, though their hearts were sad at times and their

bodies were weary,
Hope still guided them on, as the magic Fata Mor-

ShowS'them her lakes of light, that retreated and
vanished before them.

Once, as they sat by their evening fire, there silently

Into the little camp an Indian woman, whose features

Wore deep traces of sorrow, and patience as great as

her sorrow. . ,

She was a Shawnee woman returning home to tier

Froir°the' far-off hunting-grounds of the cruel

Camanches, ^ v •

Where her Canadian husband, a coureur-des-bois,

had been murdered.
Touched were their hearts at her story, and warmest

and friendliest welcome
Gave they, the words of cheer, and she sat and

feasted among them

Onth<
But wl

he maiden
,ch day to
the smoke

UIO

plain; but
bund only
s and their
Fata Mor-
reated and

1115

ere silently

ase features
as great as

jme to her

the cruel

iiao

;ur-des-bois,
md warmest
she sat and

»«»M# \, J^i^^^^^MWm^M.

BVANOBUNB.

139

On the buflFalo-meat and the venison cooked on the

embers.
But when their meal was done, and Basil and all his

companions, "®

Worn with the long day's march and the chase of the

deer and the bison,
.'Stretched themselves on the ground, and slept where

the quivering fire-light
plashed on their swarthy cheeks, and their forms

wrapped up in their blankets,
Then at the door of Evangeline's tent she sat and

repeated
Slowly, with soft, low voice, and the charm of her

Indian accent, "*

All the tale of her love, with its pleasures, and pains,

and reverses.
Much Evangeline wept at the tale, and to know that

another
Hapless heart like her own had loved and had been

disappointed.
Moved to the depths of her soul by pity and woman's

compassion.
Yet in her sorrow pleased that one who had sufifcred

was near her, "*

She in turn related her love and all its disasters.
Mute with wonder the Shawnee sat, and when she

had ended
Still was mute; but at length, as if a mysterious

horror
Passed through her brain, she spake, and repeated

the tale of the Mowis;
Mowis, the bridecfroom of snow, who won and wedded

a maiden.

lUO

mmmmmmmmmif

BVANOBUKS.

But, when the morning came, arose and passed from

the wigwam, , ,. , . • *. *i.

Fading and melting away and dissolvmg mto the

Till she beheld him no more, though she followed far

into the forest.
Then, in those sweet, low tones, that seemed like a

weird incantation,
Told she the tale of the fair Lilinau, who was wooed

by a phantom,
That, through the ^ines o'er her father's lodge, in the

hush of the twilight.
Breathed like the evening wind, and whispered love

to the maiden,
Till she followed his green and waving plume through

the forest, . ,

And nevermore returned, nor was seen agam by Her

SilenHSth wonder and strange surprise, Evangeline

listened . , .„ ^.

To the soft flow of her magical words, till the region

around her , , , ^x.

Seemed Uke enchanted ground, and her swarthy

guest the enchantress.
Slowly over the tops of the Ozark Mountains the

moon rose, . . ■ ' .

Lighting the little tent, and with a mysterious

Touching the sombre leaves, and embracing and

filling the woodland.
With a ddicious sound the brook rushed by, and the

branches

w?;;^'M^ ! ^ ' ^wgjm^.-!.hiiiiJi i J ! .'L i 'Ji.

SVANOBUNS.

141

ssed from
into the
Uowed far
Led like a
vas wooed

1I4K

Ige, in the
pered love
le through
ain by her
Evangeline

1160

the region
ir swarthy
mtains the
mysterious
racing and

. 1155

by, and the

Swayed and sighed overhead in scarcely audible

whispers.
Filled with the thoughts of love was Evangeline's

heart, but a secret,
Subtile sense crept in of pain and indefinite terror,
As the cold, poisonous snake creeps into the nest of

the swallow. ""

It was no earthly fear. A breath from the region of

spirits
Seemed to float in the air of night; and she felt for a

moment
That, like the Indian maid, she, too, was pursuing a

phantom.
With this thought she slept, and the fear and the

phantom had vanished.
Early upon the morrow the march was resumed, and

the Shawnee "*

Said, as they journeyed along, — "On the western

slope of these mountains
Dwells in his little village the Black Robe chief of

the Mission.
Mnch he teaches tha people, and tells them of Mary

and Jesus ;
Loud laugh their hearts with joy, and weep with pain,

as they hear him."
Then, with a sudden and secret emotion, Evangeline

answered,
" Let us go to the Mission, for there good tidings

await us ! "
Thither they turned their steeds ; and behind a spur

of the mountains.
Just as the sun went down, they heard «. murmur of

voices,

142

BVANORLINK:

And in a meadow green and broad, by the bank of a

r^ver, . , . /• ^.i.

Saw the tents of the Christians, the tents of the

Jesuit Mission.
Under a towering oak, that stood in the midst of the

village, , .

Knelt the Black Robe chief with his children. A

crucifix fastened , j j u

High on the trunk of the tree, and overshadowed by
grapevines, , . ^ , i

Looked with its agonized face on the multitude kneel-
ing beneath it. ^ , , . •

This was their rural chapel. Aloft, through the in-
tricate arches .

Of its aerial roof, arose the chant of their vespers,

Mingling its notes with the soft susurrus and sighs
of the branches.

Silent, with heads uncovered, the travellers, nearer
approaching,

Knelt on the swarded floor, and joined in the evening

devotions. , , , j-\"

But when the service was done, and the benediction

had fallen
Forth from the hands of the pnest, like seed from the

hands of the sower.
Slowly the reverend man advanced to the strangers,

and bade them
Welcome; and when they replied, he smiled with

benignant expression.
Hearing the homelike sounds of his mother-tongue

in the forest, • . u-

And with words of kindness conducted them into his

wi^am.

Ill

SVANOBLINS.

143

bank of a
Its of the
idst of the
ildren. A
adowed by
tude kneel-
airh the in-

1180

vespers,
t and sighs

iers, nearer

the evening

benediction

;ed from the
e strangers,
imiled with
)ther-tongue
tiem into his

There upon mats and skins they reposed, and on

cakes of the maize-ear
Feasted, and slaked their thirst from the water-gourd

of the teacher.
Soon was their story told ; and the priest with solem-
nity answered : —
"Not six suns have risen and set since Gabriel,

seated
On this mat by my side, where now the maiden re-
poses,
Told me the same sad tale ; then arose and continued

his journey I"
Soft was the voice of the priest, and he spake with an

accent of kindness ;
But on Evangeline's heart fell his words as in winter

the snow-flakes
Fall into some lone nest from which the birds have

departed.
"Far to the north he has gone," continued the priest v

"but in autumn, *""

When- the chase is done, will return again to the

Mission."
Then Evangeline said, and her voice was meek and

submissive,
" Let me remain with thee, for my soul is sad and

afflicted."
So seemed it wise and well unto all ; and betimes on

the morrow.
Mounting his Mexican steed, with his Indian guides

and companions, ^^

Homeward Basil returned, and Evangeline stayed at

Uie Mission,

MMRI

Wf'^

144

SVAMGELIMB.

Slowly, slowly, slowly the days succeeded each

other, —
Days and weeks and months ; and the fields of maize

that were springing
Green from the ground when a stranger she came,

now waving about her,
Lifted their slender shafts, with leaves interlacing,

• <• • 1210

and forming
Cloisters for mendicant crows and granaries pillaged

by squirrels.
Then in the golden weather the maize was husked,

and the maidens
Blushed at each blood-red ear, for that betokened a

lover,
But at the crooked laughed, and called it a thief in

the corn-field.
Even the blood-red ear to Evafigeline brought not

her lover.
"Patience !" the priest would say ; "have faith, and

thy prayer will be answered 1
Look at this vigorous plant that lifts its head from

the meadow.
See how its leaves are turned to the north, as true as

the magnet ;
This is the compass-flower, that the fingerof God has

planted
Here in the houseless wild, to direct the traveller's

• 1230

journey
Over the sea-like, pathless, limitless waste .of the

desert.
Such in the soul of man is faith. The blossoms of

passion,

Foun

eeded each

Is of maize

she came,

interlacing,

es pillaged
as husked,
tetokened a
t a thief in
trought not

1216

; faith, and
i head from
1, as true as
r of God has
e traveller's

ISSO

f&ste .of the
blossoms of

BVANGBLINS.

148

Gay and luxuriant flowers, are brighter and fuller of
fragrance, , , •

But they beguile us, and lead us astray, and their
odor is deadly.

Only this humble plant can guide us here, and here-
after

Crown us with asphodel flowers, that are wet with
the dews of nepenthe."

So came the autumn, and passed, and the winter-
yet Gabriel came not ;

Blossomed the opening spring, and the notes of the
robin and bluebird

Sounded sweet upon wold and in wood, yet Gabriel
came not.

But on the breath of the summer winds a rumor was

wafted

Sweeter than the song of bird, or hue or odor of blos-
som.

Far to the north and east, it is said, in the Michigan

forests, r * ey •

Gabriel had his lodge by the banks of the Saginaw

River. , , , , e

And, with returning guides, that sought the lakes of

St. Lawrence,
Saying a sad farewell, Evangeline went from the

Mission.
When over weary ways, by long and perilous

marches, ,,. , .

She had attained at length the depths of the Michi-
gan forests,

Found she the hunter's lodge deserted and fallen to

ruin!

It ■

140

I(VANGBI.Um.

Thus did the long sad years glide on, and in sea-
sons and places .
Divers and distant far was seen the wandennj

maiden; — , ,,

Now in the Tents of Grace of the meek Moravian

Missions,
Now in the noisy camps and the battle-fields of the

army,
Now in secluded hamlets, in towns and populous

cities.
Like a phantom she came, and passed away unre-

membered.
Fair was she and young, when in hope began the

long journey;
Faded was she and old, when in disappointment it

ended.
Each succeeding year stole something away from her

beauty, , , j

Leaving behind it, broader and deeper, the gloom and

the shadow.
Then there appeared and spread faint streaks of gray

o'er her forehead.
Dawn of another life, that broke o'er her earthy

horizon, ,

As in the eastern sky the first faint streaks of the

morning.

TENTH READING.

In that delightful land which is washed by the
Delaware's waters, *

Guarding in sylvan shades the name of Penn the
apostle,

an
Findini

8VANGSUNS.

147

i in sea-
andering

1840

Moravian
is of the
populous
ray unre-
>egan the

1S45

ntment it
' from her
gloom and
ks of gray

;r earthly

iks of the

ed by the

Penn the

Stands on the banks of its beautiful stream the city
he founded. .

There all the air is balm, and the peach is the em^
blem of beauty.

And the streets still reecho the names of the trees of

the forest, , ^ j i.

As if they fain would appease the Dryads whose

haunts they molested. , j j

There from the troubled sea had Evangeline landed,

an exile, ^ ^ , ,

Finding among the children of Penn a home and a

country. , ,. , , • t

There old Rene LebUnc had died; and when he

departed, ^ ^

Saw at his side only one of all his hundred descend-
Something at least there was in the friendly streets

of the city, , j i.

Something tb. spake to her heart, and made her no

longer ?* ler; '

And her ear a eased with the Thee and Thou of

the Quakers, , ,^ . j. ^ im

For it recalled the past, the old Acadian country,
Where all men were equal, and all were brothers and

sisters.
So, when the fruitless search, the disappointed en-
deavor.
Ended, to recommence no ipcre upon earth, uncom-

ThitSer, as leaves to the light, were turned her
thoughts and her footsteps. ^

As from a mountain's top the rainy mists of the
morning

148

BVANGBUNS.

Roll away, and afar we behold the landscape below us,
Sun-illumined, with shining rivers and cities and

hamlets,
So fell the mists from her mind, and she saw the

world far below her,
Dark no longer, but all illumined with love ; and the

pathway
Which she had climbed so far, lying smooth and fair

in the distance.
Gabriel was not forgotten. Within her heart was his

image.
Clothed m the beauty of love and youth, as last she

beheld him,
Only more beautiful made by his deathlike silence

and absence.
Into her thoughts of him time entered not, for it was

not.
Over him years had no power; he was not changed,

but transfigured ; .

He had become to her heart as one who is dead, and

not absent;
Patience and abnegation of self, and devotion to others.
This was the lesson a life of trial and sorrow had

taught her.
So was her love dififused, but, like to some odorous

spices,
Su£fered no waste nor loss, though filling the air with

1886

aroma.

Other hope had she none, nor wish in life, but to fol-
low,

Meekly with reverent steps, the sacred feet of her

Saviour.

below us,
ities and

; saw the

; aud the

li and fair

1875

rt was his
s last she
Ice -silence
for it was
: changed,

1880

dead, and

L to others,
orrow had

le odorous

be air with

1886

but to fol-
eet of her

BVANGBLINB.

149

Thus many years she lived as a Sister of Mercy;

frequenting
Lonely and wretched roofs in the crowded lanes of

the city.
Where distress and want concealed themselves from

the sunlight, '*"

Where disease and sorrow in garrets languished

neglected.
Night ttfter night when the world was asleep, as the

watchman repeated
Loud, through the gusty streets, that all was well in

the city.
High at some lonely window he saw the light of her

taper.
Day after day, in the gray of the dawn, as slow

through the suburbs '**

Plodded the German farmer, with flowers and fruits

for the market,
Met he that meek, pale face, returning home from its

watchings.

Then it came to pass that a pestilence fell on the
city.

Presaged by wondrous signs, and mostly by flocks of
wild pigeons.

Darkening the sun in their flight, with naught in
their craws but an acorn. '*"

And, as the tides of the sea arise in the month of
September,

Flooding some silver stream, till it spreads to a lake
in the meadow,

So death flooded life, and, o'erflowing its natural mar-
gin,

.,ii»,aM^mK»adbef iai ti u mK M\T 0m a taM8lHliiff(S^

EVANOaUNA.

Spread to a brackish lake the silver stream .of exist-

ence. , ,

Wealth had no power to bribe, nor beauty to charmj

the oppressor;
But all perished alike beneath the scourge of his

anfifer*"""
Only, alas! the poor, who had neither friends nor

attendants, - ,

Crept away to die in the almshouse, home of the

homeless. ., . ,

Then in the suburbs it stood, in the midst of meadows

and woodlands; —
Now the ci^y surrounds it; but still, with its gateway^

and wicket
Meek, in the midst of splendor, its humble walls

seem to echo

Softly the words of the Lord:— "The poor ye always
have with you."

Thither, by night and by day, came the Sister of
Mercy. The dying

Looked up into her face, and thought, indeed, to be-
hold there ^ ^ , ,. J vt.

Gleams of celestial light encircle her forehead with

splendor.
Such as the artist paints o'er the brows of saints and

apdstles, . ^ j- *.

Or such BS hangs by night o'er a city seen at a dist-
ance. ^ *. , •. 1

Unto their eyes it seemed the lamps of the city celes-

Into ihose shining gates erelong their spirits would
enter.

Thus

ser
Wendit

ak
Sweet c

th<
And si

an
Thattl

Then,

co<
Distant

be
While,

w<
Sounds

th
Soft as

h(
Sometl

ex
And, \

ht
Noisel

ai
Moistc

ix
Closin

of exist-
;o charm,

1805

e of his
ends nor
me of the
' meadows
5 gateway
Lble walls
^e always

Sister of
ied, to be-
head with
saints and
sn at a dist-

city celes-
Irits would

BVAMOBtlNA.

151

Thus, on a Sabbath mom, through the streets, de-
serted and silent,
Wending her quiet way, she entered the door of the

almshouse.
Sweet on the summer air was Uie odor of flowers in

the garden.
And she paused on her way to gather the fairest

among them, ^ , . r

That the dying once more might rejoice in their fra-
grance and beauty. .'
Then, as she mounted the stairs to the comdofs,

cooled by the east wind,
Distant and soft on her ear fell the chimes from the

belfry of Christ Church,
While, intermingled with these, across the meadows

were wafted « j •

Sounds of psalms, that were sung "by the Swedes m

their church at Wicaco.
Soft as descending wings fell the calm of the hour on

her spirit; . '

Something within her said, "At length thy trials are
ended;" , '~

And, with light in her looks, she entered the cham-
bers of sickness.
Noiselessly moved about the assiduous, careful attend-
ants.
Moistening the feverish lip, and the aching brow, and

in silence
Closing the sightless eyes of the dead, and concealing

their faces.
Where on their pallets they lay, like drifts of snow

by the roads;de.
Many a languid head, upraised as Evangeline entered,

152

EVANOEUKR.

Turned on its pillow of pain to gaze while she passed,

for her presence
Fell on their hearts like a ray of the sun on the walls

of a prison.
And, as she looked around, she saw how Death the

consoler, , j i. i j ..

Laying his hand upon many a heart, had healed U

forever.
Many familiar forms had disappeared in the night

time; , , , ,

Vacant their places were, or filled already by strangers.

Suddenly, as if arrested, by fear or a feeling of

wonder, , ,. .i

Still she stood, with her colorless lips apart, while a

shudder

Ran through her frame, and, forgotten, the flowerets
dropped from her fingers.

And. from her eyes and cheeks the light and bloom
of the morning.

Then there escaped from her lips a cry of such terri-
ble anguish.

That the dying heard it, and started up from their

pillows. , , , f f

On the pallet before her was stretched the form of an

old man. , , , , i. j j

Long, and thin, and gray were the locks that shaded

his temples;
But, as he lay in the morning light, his face for a

moment .

Seemed to assume once more the forms of its earlier

manhood;

spi
That tl

pai
Motion:

e passed,
the walls
eath the
healed it

1S40

;he night
trangers.
eeling of
t, while a
flowerets

1845

3d bloom
uch terri-
rom their
brra of an
at shaded

13B0

face for a
its earlier

BVANOBLINB.

153

^ are wont to be changed the faces of those who are

dying.
Hot and red on his lips still burned the flush of the

fever,
As if life, like the Hebrew, with blood had be-
sprinkled its port.:ls, "*
That the Angel of Death might see the sign, and

pass over.
Motionless, senseless, dying, he lay, and his spirit

exhausted
Seemed to be sinking down through inflnite depths in

the darkness,
Darkness of slumt-er and death,; forever sinking and

sinking.
Then through those realms of shade, in multiplied

reverberations, **"

Heard he that cry of pf in, and through the hush that

succeeded
Whispered a gentle voice, in accents tender and saint-
like,
"Gabriel! O my belovedl" and died away into silence.
Then he beheld, in a dream, once more the home of

his childhood;
Green Acadian meadows, with sylvan rivers among

them, "*

Village, and mountain, and woodlands; and, walking

under their shadow.
As in the days of her youths Evangeline rose in his

[vision.
Tears came into his eyes; and as slowly he lifted his
eyelids,
Vanished the vision away, but Evangeline knelt by
his bedside.

184

WAKOKUNS.

Vainly he strove to whisper her name, for the accente

unuttered , •• t. . t.-

Died on his lips, and their motion revealed what his

tongue would have spoken.
Vainly he strove to rise; and Evangeline, kneeling

beside him, . , , . *

Kissed his dying lips, and laid his head on her bosom.
Sweet was the light of his eyes; but it suddenly sank

into darkness, r • j *.

As when a lamp is blown out by a gust of wind at^^

casement.

All was ended now, the hope, and the fear, and the

All the aching of heart, the restless, unsatisfied

longing, , • t- r

AH the dull, deep pain, and constant anguish ot

And,^as she pressed once more the lifeless head to her

Meekly she bowed her own, and murmured, "Father^
I thank theel"

Still stands the forest primeval; but far away from
its shadow,
Side by side, in their nameless graves, the lovers are

Under*Se°humble walls of the little Catholic church-
In tlfe^eart of the city, they lie, unknown and un-

Daily ^e tides of life go ebbing and flowing besi^
them,

SVANOBLINB.

198

le accents

isro

what his

kneeling

r bosom.
:n1y sank

wrind at a

1375

,r, and the
insatisfied
nguish of
lead to her
I, "Father,

1880

away from
lovers are
ilic church-
n and un-
ing beside

Thousands of throbbing hearts, where theirs are at

rest and forever,
Thousands of aching brains, where theirs no longer

are busy,
Thousands of toiling hands, where theirs have ceased

from their labors,
Thousands of weary feet, where theirs have completed

their journey!

Still stands the forest primeval; but under the
shade of its branches ""*

Dwells another race, with other customs and
language.

Only along the shore of the mournful and misty
Atlantic

Linger a few Acadian peasants, whose fathers from
exile

Wandered back to their native land to die in its
bosom.

In the fisherman's cot the wheel and the loom are
still busy; *""

Maidens still wear their Norman caps and their
kirtles of homespun,

And by the evening nre repeat Evangeline's story,

While from its rocky caverns the deep-voiced, neigh-
boring ocean

Speaks, and in accents disconsolate answers the wail
of the forest.

Yo
Ml

Whe
find
■ons
thel

Th
th«

bow
tura
in cc
. educ
ofm

each
lesK)

Th«

worl
sket
fori

'\ ter t
have

-' speci

•nd I

•laoll
ever a

The Plan Books.

FOR PRIHARV AND INTERMEDIATB QRADBS.

T»n Quid— or Seto of Plans. One for <ach month
In the school y r. Nothing to compare with them
ever issued. A favorite with progreggive teachera
In all parts of the country.

Your ^Vork ^° •chool work can be well done tW ii not

Mfia* Ka DlannA#l *••' ?'""»«'• What to plan and how to pUn
inUSl Dv fianneQ are problems every teacher ia now working ont.
What material to uae for the different seasunH of the year and where to
find this material, are questions all are asking. How to correlate these les-
sons and find suggestions which will enable teachers to use this material to
the best advantage when found, all wish to know.

The Purpose of They aim, an far as possible, to supply the
fWa Plan RnnL-a teacher'n needs in this direction; to assist the
uiv r-iaii DUUKS teacher in making out her daily plans; to show
how school work may be correlated; to enable her, from its references, to
turn at once to the needed book for the appropriate song or story to be ised
in connection with the day's lessons; to provide seat work which will 1 of
educational value, and to save money spent by the teacher in the puri. lase
of many books for the sake of a very little which may be used in school work.
The Pl^N Book has been isHued in ten numbers or volumes, one for
each month of the school year, bringing to hand the material for each day's
lessons and plans.

Ths> f^nnf Anfe consists of science or natnre lessons, Mack-

I nc uonKniS board reading lessons, drawing lessons, seat

work, related songs, poems, stories and gems for literature work,
sketches of authors, studies of children of other lands, and programmes
for specisi days or nationalJiolldays.

Bach number baa 112 large pages, and is the best, most practical mat-
ter to be had for the money. Issues such as December and February
have several half-tone engravings. Each issue has many good pictiues sod
special songs.

PRICE FOR ANY MONTH, 28 CENTS.
THE 10 MONTHS. SEPT EMBER TO JUNE. INCLUSIVE. $2.00.

AUTUMN— September, October, November,
336 pages, flexible cloth. |1.00. WINTER—
December, January, February. 336 pages, |1.00. SPRINO— March, April,
May, June, 448 pages, $1.00. The three volumes for '|2.50. Total set con-
tains 1,120 pages.

Send for a copy and you will want all of them.

Bound Volumes

Cbicaoo, January lo, 189S.
afy Onr Sir.— 1 have received the Janu-
••17 Plan Book, it it in keeping with
the others. I most cordially approve of it,
•nd shall t^ke the first opportunity to
recommend it to my teachers. I may say
•ISO it is the first thtuf of the kind I hsvc
ever seen which I can fully approve. Yours
very truly, OayiLLB T. Skiort,

Co. Sup*., Cook Co., lU.

\. PLANAQAN. .

Marsraix, Mich.
Our teachi;ri are enthusiastic iq praiic of
the Plan Books. Quite a number have a
full set, and the general exprCMion is, "The
best thing out.'*^ You deserve the tiuwks
not only of the-«rlmary tcacht . ^•'• of «ll
teachers, for publishing these h'f-/1t.i.
B. P. I.0Hm,

Supt. ot' <icuool».

267, WABASH AV6NUB, CHKJAaO. lU*

LJJh£4dij*Jj> .

THE STORt aF LAFAYETTE.

VOR I1ITBB^1>IATB OBADSS.

f Mt RMon The fint real attempt %o give the history of thi. """^W*
nanSShi, achie4nenu in rtory form, miited to the t«te a«d .bUity of
pupils of the third and fourth grades.
r%» tktOM a The author is a teacher of Wi4« wtperience, thorough schol-
SLST^ * «Aira«d litemrj. ability, who h«l brought idl these de,
*^ to bear in the writing of the most succe«f «1 Wographicl story yet

published.
TMffMt HI The widespread iuterestin Lafayette at this time tak« ta,

SSSdl coniectlon with the intern* patriotic feeling «c«.tly aw*^

^S'wiU give wisedirection to much of that feeling, afld make plam to

X>SSe awful price of our liberties, a. well « *«-«» S*«^SS
^^Vgh motives, noble chararter and pure petnotum, ^^

and stllj contribute toward the principal of Uberty.

tMiiM ini The «thor has told a truthfid story In a Oar^it^ way.

SSSirfil" embodyfug the fruit of extensive reading and w*^** »

*2SSform. The Wstoric facts are absolutely reliablej and the story

■^t^SSng ian fiction, while the Uterary. finish is all that could

^f^^^fZ muLtions U fine and add to t^

i^wery way

liivttictkc

In fi«*. Ufayette the man. Jiafayette-^ warrior, are the
aame afi I^ayette. the heroic and dil«*'~ ^'^''-fjf,*^
^leis Washington, ^ttte story is timely. imter,sH^f,intis^g, w«ll-told
Sw^tsdapted tot»e asa supptementwy readerorlibtary book.

9MMt il ttM. It contafais the fioems spokeaby the children of Nepr York,
SSL sSr' M^aSusetU MTconnecticut in 1824. when Lafiyette t».
^'^^^LJ^^^^'^^ ^ ««y origim.1 dotumenta, «^ ^
^^Sr^..'-*i-g it a mme of info«ution «da l^^^',
^io th* teache. and pupU. All tbisn»tfrial is so deftly woven lnt»
th« story as to mske the past seem present.

■^m::.^1^. , -jjg educational value of Uiis remarkable book is hey8«4
iS^ computation, and it wUl do much to make ta^ny f^J^
rij^yettee who will fight th* great batUes for human Uber^ w toe tweH^
tieth century. ^ -A-i • ^

H. Fb^lHAG^N*

<it1fjG^II0d

mftrkable
abUityof

igh schol-
tbese d«>
gtpry yet

! faken in
itly itm^-

liow much
»fitritMit«d

»if^ way.
Mich ia %
L tlie story
tivat could
if the book

yt, are the
lend of the
g, wftU^old

NewYtak,
af tiyette iae*
itt«,attch«a
j^t tiiae-
woveniato

t. iabeyoaid
y Americaa
1 the tweii,'^

CAQO