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 AUTHENTIC COPY 
 
 OF 
 
 Lieutenant Mears's Memorial.' 
 
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AUTHENTIC COPY 
 
 O F 
 
 THE MEMORIAL 
 
 TO THE RIGHT HONOURABLE 
 
 WILLIAM WYNDHAM GRENVILLE, 
 
 ONEOF HIS majesty's PRINCIPAL SECRETARIES OF ST ATE, 
 
 By Lieutenant JOHN MEARS, 
 
 Of THE ROYAL NAVY J 
 
 PATED SOTH APRIL, lyc^O, 
 
 AND PRESENTED TO 
 
 THE HOUSE OF COMMONS, 
 
 MAY 13, 17C)0. 
 
 CONTAINING EVERY PARTICULAR RESPECTING THB 
 
 CAPTURE OF THE VESSELS 
 
 I N 
 
 NOOTKA SOUND. 
 
 LONDON; 
 
 yRINTED FOR J. JDEBRETT, OPPOSITE BURLINGTON-HOUSE, 
 
 IN PICCADILLY. 
 
 MDCCLX. 
 
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No. I. 
 
 Mr. MEARS's MEMORIAL, dated 
 30th of April, 1790. 
 
 ( 14 Indnfures.) 
 
 To the Right Honourable William Wyndham 
 Grknvii.le, one of His Majedy's principal Secre- 
 taries of State. , 
 
 ^»- 
 
 The MEMORIAL of JOHN MEARS, Lieutenant 
 in His Majefty's Navy, 
 
 Mod humbly flieweth, 
 
 1 HAT early in the year 1786, certain merchants re- 
 fiding in the Eaft Indies, and under the immediate pro- 
 tection of the Company, defirous of opening a trade 
 with the north-weft coaft of America, for fupplying the 
 Chinefe market with furs and ginfeng, communicated 
 fuch defign to Sir John Macpherfon, ^:ie Governor Ge- 
 neral (Jf India, who not only approver :)f the plan, but 
 joined in the fubfcription fur its execution ; and two 
 veflels were accordingly purchafed, and placed under 
 the orders and command of your Memorialift. 
 
 That in the month of March your Memorlarft 
 difpatched one of the faid veflels, which he named The 
 Sea Otter, under the command of Mr. Tipping, to 
 Prince William's Sound, and followed her in the other 
 Ihip, which he named The Nootka. 
 
 That on your Memorialift's arrival in Prince Wil- 
 liam's Sound, in the month of September, he found 
 The Sea Otter had left that place a few days before ; and, 
 irom intelligence he has fmce received, the fhip was 
 
 B fooa 
 
 n52B 
 
i 
 
 [ ^ ] 
 
 Toon after nnfo; tunatcly loft off tlic co.iil of Kum- 
 IclKitkii. 
 
 That your iMcmoria'ill remaiiK:*] In Prince ^^''i Ilium's 
 Sonikl the whole ot tlie '"inier ; in the ouife oC which 
 tiine he openetl an exunfive tiade v/iiii the natives; 
 ajul havmy; ci>!leCie(l a ciirgo ot tvirs, he protecdcd to 
 Cnina, in the Mitiiiiin of lyl'y. 
 
 That in the inonth of January 170S, your Memo- 
 rlalill Invinp^ dirjn^led of the Nooika, he, in conjunc- 
 tion wih fcveral i^ritilb merchanLs r'-fiding; in India, 
 purchafed aiu! lilted our two other veflels, p.:mcd the 
 Felice :\nd Iphigenia; the former your Memorialifl: 
 conifuandcd, :intl the latter he put under the direction 
 of Mr. VViltiam Douglas. That your Mcmorialift pro- 
 ceeded from China to the port of Nootka, or King 
 George's Sound, which he reiched in the month of 
 May, and the Iphigenia arrived in Cook's river in the 
 niondi of June. 
 
 . That your Memorialifl:, immediately on his arrival in 
 Nootka Sound, purchafed from Maciuilla, tlie Chief of 
 the difl:rici contiguous to and furrounding th.it place, a 
 ipot of ground, whereon he built a houfe for his occa- 
 lional relidencc, as well as for the more convenient pur* 
 fuit of his trade w ith the natives, and hoifl:ed the Britifli 
 colours thereon ; that he aho creeled a bread work, 
 which furrounded the houfe, and mounted one three- 
 pounder in the front ; that having fo done, your Mcmo- 
 rialift proceeded to trade on the coaft, the Felice taking 
 her route to the fouthward, and the Iphigenia to the 
 northward, confining themfelves vvithin the limits of 
 60° and 45° 30' north, and returned to Nootka Sound 
 in the month of September ; that on your Memorialift's 
 arrival there, his people, whom be had left behind, had 
 nearly com pleatcil a veliel, which, previous to his de- 
 parture, he had laid down ; and that the Giid veflel was 
 loon after launched by your Mcmorialift-, and called the 
 North-Weft America, meafuring about forty tons, and 
 was equipped wiih ail expediiion to alTift him in his en- 
 terprizei.. 
 
 That during the abfence of your Mcmorialift from 
 Nootka Sound, he obtained from Wickananifti, the 
 Ciucf of die diftrict llirroanding port Cox and port 
 
 Effing' 
 
C 3 ] 
 
 Effingham, fituatccl in the latitudes 48^ and 49", in 
 conltqucncc oF conlldcrable prclcnts, ilic promilt- ot" :i 
 free and exclufive track zv'uh the /iiitivci of the dijiriily 
 and alto his pcrmillion tu build any llorcoiills, or otiic i 
 edifices, wliicli he might )ud<2,c necclfary ; that lie :illv) 
 acquired ilie lame privilege ot excluhve trade tjuni 
 Tatouche, the Chief ot the country hcirderiii^^ on the 
 llraits ot Juan de I'lica, and purehaled from hiiu a tra<5i: 
 of land within tiie faid llr.iit, which owe of your Memori- 
 alift's oiFicers took polfclfion of in the King's name, call- 
 ing the fame Tatouclie, in honour of the Chief. 
 
 That the Iphigenia, in her pioy;rcfs 10 :lie Southwai'd, 
 alfo vifitcd feverai ports, and in confetiuence of prefents 
 to the Chiets of the country, her Conimajuicr had aliuj;- 
 anccs given to him of not only a free accefs, hut of an 
 exclufive Trade upon that coalt, no other European 
 veflel having been there before her. 
 
 That your Memorialilt, on the 2:^d of September, 
 having collc(^ed a cargo of furs, proceeded in the Felice 
 to China, leaving the Ijdiigenia and the North- VVcfl 
 America in Nootka Sound, with orders to winter at the 
 Sandwich iflands, and to return to the coaft in the 
 Spring. That your Memorialill arrived in China early 
 in the inonrh of December, where he fold his cargo 
 and alfo tlie Ibip Ft i ice. 
 
 That a Ur.v da)s after voiir Mcmorialift's arrival in 
 China, the fhips Prince ol' W ales and Prin.ccfs Royal, 
 fitted out fiOru the Port ot London by Metiis. John and 
 Cadman En.iies and Co. cj.me to Canton from a trading 
 voyage en the Morth-Wed Coail of America ; and your 
 Memorialifl fnding that they had embarked in this 
 commerce under licences granted to dicm by the Kail 
 India and Soutli Sea Companies, which would not ex- 
 pire until the year 1790, and a;'prchending at the fame 
 time that the trade v;ould lutier by a competition, he 
 and his Partneis alfociaied rhcmfelvcs with the faid 
 MefTrs. Etches and Co. and a formal agreement was 
 executed in confequence between your Memorialifl: and 
 Mr, John Etches, then Supra Cargo of the two thips, 
 making a joint ftock of all the vefl'els and property em- 
 ployed rn that trade ; and under that firm they purchafed 
 
 B 2 a fliip. 
 
.C 4 ] 
 
 a (hip, u hidi had been built at Calcutta, and called her 
 The Argonaut. 
 
 That (he Prince of Wales having been chartered to 
 load teas for the Eaft- India Company, foon after re- 
 turned to Englind, and tlie Princels Royal and .^rgo- 
 naut were ordered by your Memoriulill to fail for the 
 coaft of America, und'jr the command of Mr. James 
 Colnett, to whom the charge of all the concerns of the 
 Company on that coart hatl been committed. 
 
 Mr. Cv.lnett was directed to tix his ref.dencc at 
 Nootka Sound, and, with that view, t.^ ercd a fubftan- 
 tial houfe on the fpot which your Memoriahft had pur* 
 chafed in the preceding year, as will appear by a copy 
 of his inftrudions hereunto annexed. 
 
 That the Princefs Royal and Argonaut, loaded with 
 flores and provifions of all dcfcriptions, with articles 
 cftimated to be fufficicnt for the trade for three years, 
 and a veflel on board in frame, of about 30 tons bur- 
 then, left China accordingly in the months of April 
 and May 1789. They had alfo on board, in addition 
 to their crews, feveral artificers of different profeffions, 
 and near 70 Chincfe, wljo intended to become fettlers 
 on the American coll:, in tl>c fervice, and under the 
 protedion of the aUbciated Company. 
 
 That on the 24th of April 1789, the Iphigenia re- 
 turned to Nootka Sound, and that the North- Weft 
 America reached that place a few days after ; that they 
 found, on their arrival in that Port, two American 
 velfels, which had wintered there, one of them was 
 called the Columbia, the other the Wafhington ; that 
 on the 2qf]\ of the fame month, the North-Weft Ame- 
 rica was difpatchcd to ihc Nordiward to trade, and alfo 
 to explore the Arrliipelago of Sr. Lazarus. 
 
 That on the 6th of May, the Iphigenia being then 
 at anchor in Nootka Sound, a Spanilh fliip of war, 
 called the Princeifa, commanded by Don Eftwan Jo- 
 feph Martinez, mounting 26 guns, which had failed 
 from the port of San Bias, in the Province of Mexico, 
 anchored in Kootka Sound, and was joined on the 13th 
 by a Spanilh Snow of 1 6 guns, called the San Carlos, 
 which veflel had alfo failed from the Port of San Bias, 
 loaded with cannon and other warlike ftores. 
 
 That 
 
[ 5 ] 
 
 That from the time of the arrival of the PrincefTa im- 
 til the i4thof M:iy, mutual civilities palled between 
 Captain Douglas and thcSpanilh officers, and evcafup- 
 plies were obt lined from Don Maninez for rhc ufe of the 
 Ihip ; but on that day he (Captain Douglas) was or- 
 dered on board the i'rinceliii, and, to his great luipiife, 
 was informed by Don Martinez, that he had the King's 
 orders to feize all (hips and velRls he might Hnd upon 
 that coall, and that he (the Commander of the Ephi- 
 genia) v\as then his priloner ; that Don Martinez there- 
 upon inftrudted his otficers to take polieflion of the 
 Iphigeiiia, which they accordingly did, in the name of 
 his Catholic Majclly, and the officers and crew of that 
 Ihip were immediately conveyed as prifoners on board 
 the Spanilh (hips, where they were put in irons, and 
 were otherwife ill treated. 
 
 Th.it as loon as the Iphij^cnia had been feized, Don 
 Martinez took pofleflion of the lands belonging to your 
 Memorialift:, on which his temporary habitation before 
 mentioned had been ere-led, hoilting thereon the 
 ftandard of Spain, and performing fuch ceremonies as 
 your Memoiialift underllands are ufual on fuch occa- 
 fions, declaring at the fame time, that all the lands com- 
 prized between Cape Horn and the 6oth degree of 
 north latitude did belong to his Catholic Majelty; he 
 then proceeded to build batteries, Rorc-houfcs, &c. ; in 
 the execution of which he forcibly employed fome of 
 the crew of the Iphigenia, and many of them who at- 
 tempted to refill were very feverely puniflied. 
 
 That during the time the Commander of the Iphigenia 
 remained in captivity, he had frequently been urged by 
 Don Martinez to fign an inftrument, purporting, as he 
 was informed (not underllanding himfelf the Spanifh 
 language) that Don Martinez had found him at anchor 
 in Nootka Sound ; that he was at that time in great dif 
 trefs ; that he had furnilhed him with every thing necef- 
 fary for his paflage to the Sandwich lHands, and that his 
 navigation had in no refpedt been molefted or inter- 
 rupted ; but which paper, on infpedion of a copy 
 thereof, delivered to Mr. Douglas, and hereunto an- 
 nexed (No. 2.) appears to be an obligation from him 
 and Mr. Vinania, the fecond Captain, on the part of 
 . . their 
 
iif 
 
 I 
 
 ' t 
 
 i !• 
 
 [ 6 ] 
 
 tlieir owners, to pay on demand the valuation of lliat 
 veli'el, her cargo, &c., in calb the Viceroy of New Spain 
 Ihould adjud[7,e her to be lawllil prize, for entering the 
 port of Nojtka wiiliont the permiffion of his Cathohc 
 Majefty ; that Captain Douglas, conceiving that the 
 port of Nootka did not belong to his Catholic Majelly, 
 did frequently refufe to accede to thii p;opofal, but that 
 Don Martinez, jtarily by threats, and partly by pro- 
 niifes of reftoring him to his command, and of furnilh- 
 ing him with fuch fu pplies of frores and provilions as he 
 might ftand in need of, uhimateiy carried his point ; and 
 having fo done, he, on the 26th of the fame month, 
 was reilorcd to the Command of the Iphigenia, but re- 
 flraincd from proceeding to fea, until the return of the 
 North- Welt America, infilling that he fliould then dif- 
 pofe of her for 400 dollars, the price which one of the 
 American Captains had (ct upon her. 
 
 That during the time the Spaniards held poflefTion of 
 the Iphigenia, (he was ftripped of all the merchandize 
 which hiid l>ecn provided for trading, as alio of her 
 ftores, provifions, nautical inftruments, charts, &c., and, 
 in fhort, every other article (ex'^epting twelve bars of 
 iron) which they could conveniently can y away, even 
 to the extent of the mailer's watch, and articles of 
 cloathing. 
 
 That the Commander of the Iphigenia, finding him- 
 felf thus diftieflcd, applied for relief, and after much 
 felicitation obtained a trifling fupply of ftores and pro- 
 vifions, for which he was called upon to give bills on 
 his owners. The articles fo fupplied were charged at a 
 mofl exorbitant price, and very unccjual in quality or 
 quantity to thofe whicli had been taken from him. 
 
 That notwithftanding what had been infilled on by 
 Don Martinez, refpeding the Sale of the N. W. Ame- 
 rica, he had conftantly refufed to difpofe of that veflel 
 on any ground, aliedging that, as (he did not belong to 
 laim, he had no right to difpofe of her ; that the N. W. 
 America rwt returning fo foon as was expe<fted, he 
 (Captain Douglas) was told by Don Martinez, that oa 
 his ordering that vcfiTel to be delivered to him for the 
 ufe of His Cathohc Ma;je(ly, he fliould have liberty to 
 depart with ihe iphigenia ; that he accordingly, on the 
 
 firft 
 
t 7 3 
 
 fir ft of June, wrote a letter to tliC Mafter of the North- 
 Weft America, but cautiuuily avoided any diredions 
 to the etfett defired, (Vide Iphigi. nia's Journal) and 
 availing himfelf of Don Martinez's gnorancc of the 
 Englilh language, he inftantly lailcd [of Nootiva Sound, 
 though in a very unfit condition tu pn;LX:ud on Inch a 
 voyage, leaving behind him the two .'imcrican vciieh 
 which had been I'uiiercd to continue there ir.imoleltcd 
 by the Spaniards, from the time of liieir firil arrival ; 
 that the Iphigenia proceeded from, thence to the Sand- 
 wich Iflands, and alter obtaining there iVich lupplies as 
 they were enabled to procure with the iron btioie men- 
 tioned, returned to China, and anchored there in the 
 monthofOdober, 17S9. 
 
 Your Memoiialiil thinks it necefTary upon this occa- 
 fion to explain, tlipf in ntyj<^-- to evade iIia: excefiive highi 
 port charges dciiianded by tne Ciiincr.- ^Vom all other 
 European nations, excepting the Portugueic, xh.s \vi and 
 his alibci.ites had obtained the name cf Juan Cay;aihc» 
 to their firm, though he had no :^cti]al concern in their 
 Rock ; that Cawalho, though by birth a Foitugueie, had. 
 been nauiralized at Bombay, and had reiided there for • 
 many }'e:irs, under the protedion of liie .Eail India. 
 Companv, and dad carried on an exteniive trade from, 
 diencc to their fcvcral fettier/.ents in that part of the; 
 world. 
 
 That the hifimacy fuhrilling between Cav/alho and 
 tlie Governor oi' Macao had been the principal auifeof 
 their forming tiiis nominal connection, and that Ca-- 
 walho had in confequence obtained his permifiion that. 
 tjie two (hips above mentioned, in cafe it Ihould be. 
 found convenient fo to do, (hould be allowed to navi- 
 gate under, or claim any advantages granted, to the 
 PortueiK fe litis^. 
 
 That this permiffion had aniwered the purpofc of 
 your Mcmoiialij.1, fo i^u as reipe^ed the port charges. 
 of the Chinefe, until tlie return of the Iphigenia ; but 
 the Portuguefe Governor dying foon after her depar- 
 ture, and Cawalho becoming a bankrupt, his creditors, 
 demanded his interell in that Ihip ; that your Memo- 
 rialift having refilled their claim, an application was^ 
 made, by their\ to the fucceeding Qovcrnoi for polTcf-' 
 'L iion 
 
C 8 ] 
 
 'li 
 
 (! 
 
 !■ 
 
 fion of the fliip; that the Governor had, in confe- 
 qutnce, invtlbgarcd the nanfiCtion, and finding that 
 Cavvalho had no adual cr.nccn or intereft in the pro- 
 ptny, obliged her to quir the port; that this pro- 
 ceeding had lubjedted the Iphigcnia at once to the in-, 
 creafed port charges, which were inttantly demanded 
 by, and p^id to, the Chinefc. 
 
 Your Mcmorialirt has dated this tranfadiion thus 
 fully, in order to fhew, that the Iphigenia and her 
 cargo were ad:ually and i^ona fide Britilh property, as 
 well as to explain the occafion of the orders which were 
 given to her commander, extracts of which accompany 
 this, and are referred to in the journal of that (hip, 
 having been under the infpfdlion of Don Martinez. 
 
 Your Memorialifl: further begs leave to ftate, that af- 
 ter the departure of the Ipiiigenia, Don Martinez became 
 apprized of the purport of the letter with which he had 
 been furniflied, and that on the return of the N. W. 
 America, off the port of Nootka, on the 9th of June, 
 fhe was boarded and feized by boats manned and equip- 
 ped for war, commanded by Don Martinez ; that he 
 did tow and convey the faid vefTel into the Sound, and 
 anchoring her clofe to the Spani(h fhips of war, did then 
 take poffeflion of her in the name of his Catholic Ma- 
 jefty, as good and lawful prize ; that the above mention- 
 ed veffel was foon after hauled alongfide of the Spanifh 
 frigate, and that the officers and men, together with the 
 ikins which had been coll e(5ted, amounting to 215, of 
 the bed quality, and alfo her flores, tackle, and furni- 
 ture, articles of trade, &c. were removed on board the 
 SpaniQi frigate ; that the commander of the N. W, 
 America, his officers and men, were accordingly made 
 prifoners, and Mr. Thomas Barnett, one of the officers 
 of that veffel, and fomeof her men were, as appears by the 
 affidavit of William Graham, one of the feamen belong- 
 ing to that veffel, hereunto annexed, (No. 4.) after- 
 wards put in irons. 
 
 That the Princefs Royal arriving a few days after the 
 feizure of the N. W. America, and being allowed by 
 , Don Martinez to depart, the fkins coUeded by the laft- 
 mentioned veffel (excepting 12 of the beft quality, 
 which Don Martinez thought fit to detain) were return- 
 ed 
 
 men ' 
 tened 
 fufing 
 
. confe- 
 ng that 
 he pro- 
 bis pro- 
 the in-, 
 manded 
 
 3n thus 
 ind her 
 erty, as 
 ch were 
 ompany 
 at fliip, 
 nez. 
 that af- 
 became 
 i he had 
 N. W. 
 )f June, 
 d equip- 
 that he 
 id, and 
 did then 
 ic Ma- 
 lention- 
 Spaniih 
 with the 
 
 215: 
 
 of 
 
 d furni- 
 oard the 
 
 N. W. 
 ly made 
 
 officers 
 s by the 
 belong- 
 .) after- 
 
 fter the 
 wed by 
 the laft- 
 quality, 
 ^ return- 
 ed 
 
 I 
 
 C 9 ] 
 
 ed to the mafter, and, with the permiffion of Don Mar- 
 tinez, were (hipped on board the Princefs Royal, for 
 the benefit of the owners ; and that fhip, as appears by 
 her journal, put to fea on the 2d of July, to purfue the 
 trade upon the coaft. 
 
 That Don Martinez, after feizing the N. W. Ame- 
 rica in the manner and under the circumftances above 
 Hated, employed her on a trading voyage, from which 
 fhe returned after an abfence of about 20 days, with 75 
 Ikins, obtained by Britifli merchandize, which had ei- 
 ther been found in that veffel at the time of her cap- 
 ture, or had been taken from the Iphigenia ; and that 
 the value of the furs fo coUedted cannot, upon a 
 moderate calculation, be eftimated at lefs than 7,500 
 dollars, and which Don Martinez had applied to liis 
 own advantage. 
 
 That the Argonaut arrived off the port of Nootka on 
 or about the 3d of July, 1789. That Don Martinez, 
 on obferving her in the Offing, boarded her in his 
 launch, and with expreffions of civility, promifed Mr. 
 Colnett, her commander, every affiftance in his power ; 
 that before the Argonaut entered the Sound, Mr. 1 homas 
 Barnett (who had belonged to the N. W. America, and 
 who was then a prifoner) came off in a canoe, and in- 
 formed Mr. Colnett of the proceedings which had taken 
 place, and of the danger to which he was expofed ; but 
 that, under the aflurances given by Don Martinez, that 
 the Argonaut fhould remain unmolefted, and being in 
 want of refrefliments for the crew, Mr. CoUnett pro- 
 ceeded into Nootka Sound. 
 
 That, notwithftanding the afliirances given by Don 
 Martinez, he on the next day fent the Firft Lieutenant 
 of the Princefla with a military force to take pofleffion 
 of the Argonaut, and that fliip was accordingly feized 
 in the name of his Catholic Majeily, the Bririfh flag was 
 hauled down, and the Spanifli flag hoifted in its ftead. 
 That on thefeizure of the Aro;onaut, her officers and 
 men were made prifoncrs, and Mr. Colnett was threa- 
 tened to be hanged at the yard-arm, in cafe of his re- 
 fufing compliance with any directions which might be 
 given to him. 
 
 C That 
 
 il 
 
i ' 
 
 ' ii 
 
 ' 
 
 rr 
 
 [ 10 ] 
 
 That on the 13th of July, the Princefs Royal, as is 
 ftated in her journal, again appeared off the port ot 
 Noorka ; that her commander, approaching the Sound 
 in his boat, in expectation of findmg there the com- 
 mander of the Expedition, (from whom he was dtfi- 
 rous of receiving inftru(5tions for his futv.ie proceed- 
 ings) was feized and made prifoner by Don Martinez, 
 and under threats of hanging him at the yard-urm, forced 
 him to fend orders to his otiiceis to deliver up thePrin- 
 cefs Royal without conteft. 
 
 That a Spanifli officer was difpatch^d into the O^n 
 with thefe orders ; and that the velTel wjs accordingly 
 feized in the name of his Catholic Majefty, and brought 
 into port ; that her crew were in confcquence made 
 prifoners; and that her cargo, confifting of 473 fkins, 
 (including 203 which had been put on board her from 
 the N. W. America, as appears by the inclofed receipt, 
 No. 5. was feized. 
 
 That Mr. Colnett, from the circwmftances of his cap- 
 ture, became fo deranged, that he attempted frequently 
 to deftroy himfelf ; and that, according to the lalt ac- 
 counts received, the (late of his mind was fuch as to 
 render him unfit for the management of any bufinefs 
 which might have been entrufted to his care , that in 
 this melancholy fituation, however, Don Martinez 
 (notwithllanding the veffel and cargo had before been 
 formally feized) attempted to procure from him the 
 (late of the copper, of which a principal part of the 
 cargo of the Princefs Royal had been compofed, and 
 that fuch fale would ad:ually have taken place, had not 
 the other officers of that velfel, feeing Colnett's infa- 
 nity, prevented it. 
 
 Your Memorialift farther begs leave to reprefent, that 
 the American (hip Columbia intending to proceed to 
 China, the crew of the N. W. America were ordered 
 by Don Martinez on board her, principally, as your 
 Memorialirt underftnnds, for the purpofe of aflifting 
 her in her navigation to Chini, the g^reateft part of her 
 own cr^w, as well as of her provifions, having been 
 previoviflv pi-it on board the Wafi^iiu^ton, in order that 
 li*^ inip"lu Ir: enabled :o v'-n-ir'je on rhc coaft. 
 
 That 
 
 I 
 
 « 
 
^yal, as is 
 le port ot 
 |the Sound 
 the corn- 
 was tlffi- 
 proceed- 
 I Martinez, 
 Inn, forced 
 fc thePrin- 
 
 |the Offiiij:: 
 :cordingIy 
 id brought 
 nee made 
 473 ^i"s, 
 I her fi oiii 
 "d receipt, 
 
 >f his cap- 
 frequently 
 he Jaft ac- 
 uch as to 
 ly bufincfs 
 e , that in 
 Martinez 
 efore been 
 him the 
 rt of the 
 ofed, and 
 ', had not 
 ett's infa- 
 
 fcnt, that 
 roceed to 
 
 ■ ordered 
 
 as your j 
 
 ■ aflifting j 
 irt of her 
 ing been 
 •der that 
 
 Th; 
 
 [ " J 
 
 That the Columbia having reduced her provifions 
 confiderably from the fupplies (he had fpared to her 
 conforr, was furniilied from the Argonaut, by order of 
 Don Martinez, with what was necelfary for her voyage, 
 faid to be intended, however, for the fupply of the 
 N. W. America; that previous to the departure of the 
 Columbia, 96 fkins were alfo put on board her, as ap- 
 pears by the paper hereunto annexed. No. 6, to defray 
 the vvagci of the officers and crew of the N. W. Ame- 
 rica, under a fuppofition thut their late employers would 
 be unable to liquidate their demands, firft deducing, 
 however, 30 per cent, from the fales which Don Mar- 
 tinez had agreed Ihould be paid for the freight on the 
 faid fkins to the American commanders. 
 
 Thit the Columbia thus fupplied kfc Nootka Sound 
 accordingly, and proceeded to the ibuthward ; that a 
 few days after fhe entered Port Cox, where fhe was 
 joined by hcrconfort the Wafhington, from whom fhe 
 received a confiderable number of fkins, conceived to 
 be the whole (excepting the 96 before mentioned) which 
 had been coUecfted by the Americans and Spaniards, as 
 well as by the Britifli traders, and with which, after 
 fparing a further quantity of provifions to the Wafh- 
 ington, the Columbia proceeded to China, where (lie 
 arrived on the 2d of November, and landed the crev/ 
 of the North Weft America. 
 
 That the crew of the North Weft America, previous 
 to their leaving Nootka Sound in the Columbia, faw 
 the Argonaut proceed, as a prize, to San Bias ; and 
 that her officers and men, who were Europeans, were 
 put on board her as prifoners; and that the Princefs 
 Royal was fhortly to follow with her crew in confine- 
 ment in the fame manner. The Wafhington, on join- 
 ing the Columbia in Port Cox, gave information that 
 the Princefs Royal had alfo failed for San Bias. 
 
 That Don Martinez had thought fit, however, to 
 detain the Chinefe, and had compelled them to enter 
 into the fervice of Sj)ain ; and that on the departure of 
 the Columbia, they were employed in the mines, 
 which had then been open>.d on the lands which your 
 Memoriaiift had purchafed. 
 
 C 2 Your 
 
'■^ 
 
 ''H 
 
 -■ t 
 
 • l 
 
 ;' 
 
 • C ,2 ] 
 
 Your Memorialift begs leave to annex a depofition 
 of the officers and crew of the N. W. America, toge- 
 ther with an extradt of the journal of the Iphigenia, and 
 alfo fome letters which he has received from Mr. Duf- 
 fin, fecond officer of the Argonaut, which papers will 
 ferve to throw confiderable lights on the feveral tranf- 
 a<5tions alluded to in this memorial : He alfo has fub- 
 joined a ftatement of the adtual as well as the probable 
 lofles which he and his aflbciares have fuftained from the 
 unwarrantable and unjuftifiable proceedings of Don 
 Martinez, in open violation of the treaty ot peace fub- 
 iifting between this country and the Court of Spain, and 
 at times and in fituations where, according to the com- 
 mon laws of hofpitality, they might have expefted a 
 different condu(ft. 
 
 Your Memorialift therefore moft humbly begs leave 
 to fubmit the cafe of himfelf and his aflbciates to the 
 confideration of Government, in full confidence that 
 the proper and neceflary meafures will be taken to ob- 
 tain that redrefs, which he and his aflbciates have, as 
 Britifli fubjeds, a right to expedt. 
 
 London, (Signed) 
 
 30th April, 1790. JOHN MEARS.' 
 
 Your Memorialift alfo begs leave 
 to annex an acknowledgement 
 given by Don Martinez, of his 
 having obtained pofleffion of 
 the North Weft America. No. 
 
 II. 
 
 J,M. 
 
 f 
 
 i 
 
 No. 
 
pofition 
 I, toge- 
 nia, and 
 [r. Duf- 
 >ers will 
 1 tranf- 
 las fub- 
 robable 
 "om the 
 f Don 
 ce fub- 
 in, and 
 e com- 
 j6ted a 
 
 ;s leave 
 to the 
 ce that 
 to ob- 
 ive, as 
 
 RS. 
 
 No. 
 
 
 
 
 [ 13 ] 
 
 No. 2. 
 
 Copy of a Letter from Mr. Mears to Captain Colnett, 
 dated 17th April 1789. 
 
 In Mr. Mian* 5 Memorial of ^otb April 1 790. (No. 1.) 
 
 SIR Macoa, 17th April 1789. 
 
 SO foon as the Argonaut is ready for fea, you will 
 proceed on your voyage, and put into execution the 
 leveral plans we have laid down, and with which you 
 are fo thoroughly acquainted ; you are alfo fo perfe^ly 
 informed of the balls they are founded on, that any re- 
 capitulation here would be needlefs. We place the 
 llrongeft reliance on your perfeverance^ temper, and 
 prudence, and are convinced that our hopes can only 
 be matured but through an exertion of thofe difpofi- 
 tions; we ftrenuoufly recommend a moderate ufe of 
 the powers you are inverted with, not only in your 
 tranfadiions with Ihips of foreign nations, who muft 
 be treated with that good faith and generofity which is 
 the charadleriftic of the Englilh nation, and which 
 muft turn ultimately to the honour and credit of your 
 employers, but to all fhips of our own nation, to 
 whom we defire you to be particularly attentive in cafe 
 of diftrefs, or any other calamitous fituation they may 
 be thrown into ; we imprefs on your mind this point, 
 not only for the honour and credit refulting to us from 
 fuch a liberal line of conduct, but from the abfolute 
 neceflity of avoiding all fubjed of difpute with foreign 
 powers ; we hope that no motive whatever will induce 
 you to deviate from this point, as we aflure you, that 
 a commerce that is not carried on with honour and re- 
 fpedtability, as well as humanity, would be entirely re- 
 pugnant to our feelings as men, and characters as Bri- 
 tifli merchants, a character which appears to us in fo 
 refpedtable a light, that no emolument, no advantage 
 
 whatever. 
 
 1 
 
C H ] 
 
 » ; 
 
 whatever, would perfuadc us to countenance the fmallcft 
 deviation from it in the perfon and adls of thofe we 
 employ. 
 
 Reports having been fpread of great adts of cruelty 
 and inhumanity being committed by the crews of va- 
 rious veflels on the coaft of America, in their com- 
 merce with the natives, we now embrace the earlieft 
 opportunity of exprefling our utter abhorrence of fuch 
 hoftile a(fts : we fincerely hope that no perfon or per- 
 fons in our employ will have caufe to be reproached of 
 any thing in this kind — adts vvhich we never will coun- 
 tenance or proteft ; on the contrary, we Ihall ufe every 
 means in our power to have the perpetrators punilhed ; 
 we therefore mofl particularly order, that, in the courfe 
 of your command, if any perfon or perfons whatever 
 in our employ Ihall commit any murder on the natives 
 of America, or on others, that you feize the offenders, 
 and put them in irons, and fend them to the agents in 
 China, in order that they may be brought to condign 
 punifhment; We are here neccflitated to dwell on this 
 fubje(5l, from the flrong reports of fuch atrocious afts 
 being committed, which are at once not only deflruc- 
 tive of the commerce, but of every fentiment of hu- 
 manity ; we recommend a fteady purfuance of a mild 
 condu6t, as the only means to cultivate the good will 
 of the natives, and draw them within the verges of ci- 
 vilifed life. 
 
 We recommend to you, if poffible, to form a treaty 
 with the various Chiefs, particularly near Nootka. \{ 
 you happily accbmplifh this, you at once become pof- 
 fefled of the furs of a great diftridt with honour and 
 credit, and without incurring a lligma ; and, if there 
 is a poflibility of conquering our competitors, we beg 
 it may be in a mode fo honourable to ourfclvcs as gene- 
 rofity and humanity, and alfo a ftiitt attention to our 
 bufinefs. 
 
 On the {Irength of a treaty we form confiderable 
 hopes ; for although at the moment it may not be pro- 
 dudtive, yet in time it will be found the moft ftable 
 way of accomplilhing our wilhcs, and gaining the con- 
 fidence of the Chiefs, who are known to manage the 
 commerce of their fubjeds ; for this purpofe we have 
 
 fupplied 
 
 \i 
 
[ IB ] 
 
 nailed 
 )Ce we 
 
 Tuelty 
 of va- 
 
 com- 
 ?arlieft 
 
 fuch 
 )r per- 
 hed of 
 coun- 
 
 every 
 
 ilhed ; 
 
 courfe 
 
 latever 
 
 natives 
 
 nders, 
 
 nts in 
 
 )ndign 
 
 >n this 
 
 us ads 
 
 eftruc- 
 
 of hu- 
 
 1 mild 
 
 )d will 
 
 of ci- 
 
 treaty 
 :a. If 
 le pof- 
 ir and 
 
 there 
 /e beg 
 
 gene- 
 to our 
 
 erable 
 >e pro- 
 vable 
 econ- 
 ;e the 
 I have 
 pplied 
 
 1 
 
 I 
 
 fupplled you abundantly with every article known to 
 be had in eflimation among them ; and fo anxious are 
 we to have a good underllanding, and the perfecting a 
 treaty, that we authorife you to take under your pro- 
 red;Ion all our allies, and protedt them from infult 
 from all perfons whatever. Our fentiments on this 
 head you will make known to all perfons whom it may 
 concern, in order that they may govern themfelves ac- 
 cordingly. 
 
 You will keep a diary of your proceedings, in which 
 every minute occurrence is to bo recorded ; and you 
 will forward this account of your proceedings, from 
 time to time, by all opportunities. 
 
 In planning a factory on the coaft of America, we 
 look to a folid ertablifhment, and not one that is to be 
 abandoned at pleafure. We authorife you to fix it at 
 the moft convenient ilation, only to place your colony 
 in peace and fecurity, and fully protected from the fear 
 of the fmalleft finifter accident. The obje^ of a port 
 of this kind is to draw the Indians to it, to lay up the 
 fmall veflels in the winter feafon, to build, and other 
 commercial purpofes. When this point is effeded, 
 different trading hours will be eftabliihed at Itations 
 that your knowledge of the coaft and its commerce 
 point out to be the moft advantageous. 
 
 In the courfe of the fummer we recommend your 
 leaving fingle perfons to refide with fome of your 
 friends, the Chiefs of the Charlotte Ifles, in order to 
 colled the furs ; the natives, in full perfuafion of your 
 returning to them, would keep back from our compe- 
 titors ; and here at once you will perceive the advan- 
 tages to be derived from conciliating their confidence 
 and good will. To fuch people who are fo prone to 
 ferve their employers lev/arcls fhould be given, which 
 Ihould be agreeable to their fuccefs. 
 
 You are fo well acquainted with the American com- 
 merce, that it would be needlefs to dwell on the necef- 
 fity of hufbanding your articles of trade, of guarding 
 againft the impofitions of the native merchants, and 
 of imprefling them with an idea of the fuperiority of 
 your merchandife, &c. &:c. The tide of fancy of thofe 
 people maybe turned; the ficklenefs of their dlfpofi- 
 
 iloa 
 
hi 
 
 h 
 
 I \ 
 
 [ .6 ] 
 
 tion is well known to you, as well as your ingenuity 
 to us in combating thofe difficulties. The fall of the 
 year we wiih all the fmall craft to be laid up at the fac- 
 tory, which you will name Fort Pitt. 
 
 You will invert Mr. R. Duffin with the fuperinten- 
 dance of this ftation, and llrenuoufly recommend to 
 him to keep good order and harmony therein ; to 
 build ftorehoufcs for the reception of the tackle and 
 furniture of the Ihipping that you may order to be laid 
 up ; and, above all, to recommend to him to ule every 
 precaution againft the fcurvy by exercilc and the unre- 
 mitting ufe of the dccodtion of pine tops. 
 
 You will in the winter feafon fend what veflcis you 
 judge proper to the Sandwich Iflands for provifions, 
 &c. In their return we imagine that fome of the na- 
 •tives of thofe ifles, both men and women, may be 
 embarked and tranfplanted to America, and made ufe- 
 ful in our employ ; this muft be done with their own 
 confents, and with every precaution with regard to their 
 health as well as happinefs. 
 
 We dcfire the Argonaut may be returned to China the 
 end of this feafon with the furs. You will deliver her 
 to Captain William Douglas, and receive from him 
 the Iphigene and America, fiiitVmg the crews, &c. &c. 
 You will alfo receive his furplus trade, and all other 
 ftores of that nature, and in return fupply him with 
 refrefliments to carry him to the illands where he can 
 procure a fupply. 
 
 The furs you fend to China, we dcfuc may be well 
 cleaned, and otherwifc drefled, clalfed, and put inro 
 chefts ; mufters of each quality mull be put into a fc- 
 parate box ; every Ikin, piece, and tail, mull be num- 
 bered, and it regifter kept of the whole, and iranf- 
 mitted to us, with your other difpatches, by Captain 
 Douglas ; in thefe you will be very particular in advi- 
 fing us of all articles wanted for the year 1790. 
 
 We recommend to your atctnrlon the Itare of the 
 markets in China; the vafl difference between good 
 and bad ikins, as a guidance to >our purchafes on the 
 coaft, as 100 prime Ikins arc moil affuredly worth 500 
 bad, independent of Icffcning the vnlr.c of your arri- 
 
 cles 
 
 ! 
 
 I 
 
 cl< 
 pe 
 
 we 
 bu 
 (Iri 
 ric 
 fta 
 avi 
 
T 
 
 1 
 
 [ '7 ] 
 
 clcs of commerce. All colkclions of fnrs, to the lateft 
 period, you will (end home in the Argonaut, 
 
 Sea-otters tails and foul ikins now become an objccH", 
 from the price they bc;ir. — It will be entirely nccdlcls 
 to direct you in the purchafcs of furs, where you are To 
 well acquainted ; this we Icuvc entirely lo yourfclf ; 
 but we cannot avoid reminding you, and to dclirc a 
 ftridl attention is paid, that no illie:it commerce is car- 
 ried on by any pcrfons in our employ ; on any ciruum- 
 ftances of this kind, the oftonders may drpend on our 
 availing ourfelves in theftridVell manner which a breach 
 of articles may occafion. The pay of Oilicers of every 
 defcription is extremely liberal ; and we fliall tilecm it 
 the duty of every individual to make known fuch cir- 
 cumftances of illicit commerce as may come within 
 their knowledge, as in our eyes it is e([ually criminal, 
 and (hews a great ncgled of their employers' intercll, 
 to either hide or llifle fuch difcovery ; and you have 
 ourmoft politive orders, on fuch points coming to your 
 knowledge, to inftantly difmifs fuch perfons, and thofe 
 concerned, from our fervice ; nor will we permit any 
 deviation from this point, except your rtafons are 
 ftrong and fulficient for purfuing a dillercnt line of 
 condudt. 
 
 We alfo authorife you to difmifs from vour fervice 
 all perfons who fliall rctufc to (.bey your orders, when 
 they are for our benelit, and, in this i:aic, we give you 
 to underftand, the Princefs Royal, An)vMiv.a, and other 
 fmall craft, are always to continue on the coad of Ame- 
 rica ; their oliicers and people, when the t'mc of their 
 fervice is up, muft be embarked on the returning fliip 
 to China ; and on no account whatever will we fuffcr a 
 deviation from thofe orders. 
 
 Should you meet with any of the iliips of Mcflrs. 
 Etches and Co. on the coaft, you will of courfe afford 
 them every afllltance in your power; but as we fhall 
 have no intereft in thofe fliips, if you can induce the 
 commanders to trade on our joint account, it will l)e 
 moft agreeable to us ; but no trading connections what- 
 ever muft be, except on account of the prefcnt Com- 
 pany. To the perfon enrrufted with the command of 
 thofe fliips you will make known the nature of our con- 
 
 D 
 
 ne(^ions 
 
C .8 ] 
 
 ncflions with Mr. Etches; you will in confequcnce 
 make a demand oF all their furpUis (lores, or articles 
 of commerce, &c., that they have to difpofe of, in 
 order that they may be left in the factory j and a par- 
 ticular account murt be taken of all that are delivered, 
 as they mult be accounted for to Mr. Etches by the 
 Companv. We hnve no doubt but that your requisi- 
 tion will be complied with, as it ultimately tends to the 
 good of their eiDploycrs. 
 
 The number of competitors you will meet with on 
 the coaft will, we fear, lomcwhat diminifh your collec- 
 tion of fur?, as well .is enhance their price ; wc have 
 no doubt of your activity and perfcverance, as well as 
 addrefs, in your negociations. We place the ftrongeft 
 reliance on your vigilance and raution ; and as we have 
 conferred on you the moft ample powers, in return we 
 look for confiderablc refponfibility, and a happy com- 
 pletion of our plans. In a full perfuafion of this we 
 fhall take our learo, with a ftrong recommendation of 
 unanimity amongft your officers, and the ftridefl difci- 
 pline over your people. We wilh you health and a 
 profperous voyage, and remain, &c. 
 
 J. MEARS, 
 
 For Mcflis. Etches, Cox, and Co, 
 
 .. 
 
 No. 3. 
 
 Extracts of a Letter from Mr. Mears to Captain 
 Colnett, dated Macao, 25 April 1789. 
 
 In Mr, Mears's Memorial of the ^oth April 1790. 
 , I'o accompany Inclcjure (No,!,) 
 
 " WE have well-founded information, that Mr. 
 Jaques, Mate of the Princefs Royal, gave copies of 
 his own and Captain Hudfon's journals and charts to 
 
 •J' Captain 
 
jqucncc 
 articles 
 : of, in 
 d a par- 
 livcred, 
 by the 
 requifi- 
 is to the 
 
 with on 
 coUec- 
 vc have 
 ; well as 
 Irongeft 
 ive have 
 turn we 
 ^y com- 
 this we 
 ation of 
 •ft difci- 
 h and a 
 
 and Co, 
 
 laptain 
 
 790. 
 
 lat Mr. 
 pies of 
 harts to 
 Captain 
 
 'T,* 
 
 C '9 ] 
 
 Captain Mctcalf, who commanded an American fhip 
 when he was in China. This act of Mr. Jaqucs we 
 eftecm to militute fo cxtrcmily ag;iinil hiiiifclf and our 
 fervice, that wc dclire you io return liiin to CJIium. 
 
 Our dilplcalurc is no ids pointed ag.unil N^r. Gib- 
 fon, one of your oHiccis, whofe acts of inhumanity, 
 cxerciled on tiic coil) of America, render liim ex- 
 tremely unfit to be eniplo) ctl in ouf fcrvicc ; you will 
 theretbrc return him to China. Tliofe circum{lancc:> 
 relative to the above pcifons did not come to our know- 
 ledge till after the departure of the Princefs Royal fiom 
 China, or we moll aliurcdlv would have embraced the 
 earhelt opportunity of difmilling them our i'crvice ; but, 
 with regard to Mr. Gibibn, we hive put tlic I'mall (tock 
 of his remaining merit againft his firuati<:)n, and our pro- 
 mifes prior to the difcovery of his chara^h-r, and we 
 hnvc formed the refolution of employing him but one 
 feafon. 
 
 As the difmi/Tion of thofe officers may put you to 
 fome inconvenience, we fliall write to IVielirs. Sheppard- 
 fon and Bainei to remain under your command ; and 
 though they arc, yet we are convinced of their value, 
 being entirely attached to intcrefl; and fervice." 
 
 *' As it is probable, that in autumn 1790 you may 
 meet with a (lore Ihip from iMigland, on the Company's 
 account, v/c have tlic P.rongeH hopes, that IhvHild thai 
 event happen, thr.'. from her you will form the entire 
 eftablilhinent of the coall oa fuch rcafonahle tfims un- 
 der the prefcnt, that will meut orjr iatisfaction, and ena- 
 ble the Company, through tb.e medium of occonomy, to 
 deflroy our competitors. It is probable, however, that 
 all thofe cngagenients may be fettled in England prior to 
 the depaiture of the (lore lliip : in this cafe you will re- 
 fign the charge of our concerns to thofe who are ap- 
 pointed to manage the fame, and return with the officers 
 and people who are imprelfed from China on the ftore 
 ihip, or the Argonaut, whichever you think moft eligi- 
 ble ; but we rather apprehend that, by the above period^ 
 you will have fo much tonnage on the coa^l, that it will 
 be needlefs detaining the Argonaut, more particularly as 
 we (hall want her in 1791, to return her again to the 
 
 D 2 coail. 
 
c 
 
 10 
 
 ] 
 
 coad. We have nothing more to repeat in addition to 
 the former orders." 
 
 W 
 
 ' M 
 
 i 
 
 ■A I ■; 
 
 ' if 
 
 ' ;,^- 
 
 IK 
 
 
 No. 4. 
 
 OBLIGATION to reftore the Ship Iphigenia to His 
 Catholic Majefly, if deemed a lawful Prize. 
 
 In Mr. Mears's Memorial of the 30/^ April, 1790. 
 
 {No. 2.) 
 
 ON board His Majefty's frigate, called Our Lady of 
 the Rofary, alias the Princefs, 25th May of faid year ; 
 1, D" Francis Jofeph Viana, and Don William Doug- 
 las, the firft Captain, and the fecond, fupercargo of the 
 packet boat Iphigenia Nubiana, at anchor in this port 
 of St. Lawrence of Nootka, being empowered by 
 D" John Cawallo, inhabitant of and trader at Macao ; 
 
 declare bind 
 
 We fay that we oblige ourfelves (in name of faid 
 Cawallo, to whom belongs faid packet boat) to fatisfy 
 whomfoever Ihall prefent to us the import of valuation 
 by experienced perfons of faid veHel, with lading and 
 other appurtenances on board ; and in order the better 
 to certify in the antecedent inventory, in cafe that H. E. 
 the Viceroy of New Spain may judge the faid packet 
 boat, the Iphigenia, to be a prize, on account of having 
 found us at anchor in faid port of Nootka, without 
 having a palTport, permiffion, or particular 
 from His Catholic Majefty for fo doing, that is, for 
 navigatij^g or anchoring in feas or ports belonging to 
 
 bind 
 
 his dom.inions. For all which we oblige ourfelves to 
 the faid D" John Cawallo, as lawful owner of faid 
 
 bind 
 
 packet, and we oblige ouifelves in his name, in all 
 
 lawful 
 
[ 
 
 21 
 
 ] 
 
 lltion to 
 
 to His 
 ize. 
 
 1790. 
 
 Lady of 
 «d year ; 
 1 Dong- 
 go of the 
 this port 
 /ered by 
 Macao ; 
 
 of faid 
 :o fatisfy 
 valuation 
 ling and 
 he better 
 lat H. E. 
 1 packet 
 if having 
 
 without 
 
 X is, for 
 nging to 
 
 'elves to 
 of faid 
 
 i 
 
 I 
 
 am 
 
 lawful form, with our perfons and effeds, prefent and 
 
 value 
 
 future, to the fatisfactloa of the quintity of contents of 
 faid inventory, mails, rtores, carg), t<:c , contained in 
 faid inventory ; fubjcding ourfclvcs, as we do fubjeft 
 ourfelves, to the laws, pragmatic Hinclions, and ordi- 
 nances of faid Sovereign ; and renouncing, as we do 
 renounce, all laws, liberties, and privileges, which 
 might favour us, without it being neceliary in the exhi- 
 
 value 
 
 bition of the faid quantity, in which we may be con- 
 demned, to have recouife to lawfuit ; for although this 
 
 unilampcd 
 
 obligation be made upon fimple paper, we give it a« 
 much force and value as if it were a writing made before 
 a royal or public notary, and for its force we fign three 
 of one tenor, one being fulfilled, the others to be of no 
 value, which we have figned with our hJmd and figna- 
 ture, and authorized by the Commandant D" Stephen 
 Jofeph and by the proper Notary, Ra- 
 
 phael de Canizares, on faid day, month, and year, being 
 v/itnefles thereto D'* John Kendriek, Commander of the 
 Bofton frigate, named the Columbia, and D" Jofeph 
 Ingraham, fecond captain and firfl. pilot of faid fri- 
 gate ; and of this I give faith — Francis Jofeph Viana— • 
 William Douglas — John Kendriek — Jofeph Ingraham 
 •—Stephen Jofeph Martinez— Raphael de Canizares. 
 
 This is a literal copy of the Obligation, of which 
 triplicates were figned at the foot of the inven- 
 tory made of the faid packet boat of Macao, 
 whereof I certify. On board the Princefs frigate, 
 26th May, 1789. 
 
 RAPHAEL DE CANIZARES. 
 
 I 
 
 ^ J 
 
 J^Io. 5. 
 
 11 
 
 lawful 
 
 m a 
 
C « 3 
 
 ':> iiii 
 
 H,l! 
 
 No. 5. , 
 
 Extraft of a Letter from Mr. Mears to Captain William 
 Douglas, commanding the Iphigenia ; dated at Sea^ 
 2d February, 1788. 
 
 ij« Mr, Mears's Memorial of the 30/^ Jpril, 1790. 
 
 (No. 3.) 
 
 ONT your return to Macao you will feal up your log 
 book, charts, plans, kc. &c. &c. and forward them to 
 Daniel Beale, Efquire, Canton, who is the oftenfiblc 
 agent for the concern ; and you have the mod particu- 
 lar injudions not to communicate or give copies of any 
 charts or plans that you may make, as your employer* 
 aflert a right to all of them, and as fuch will claim 
 them. 
 
 Should you, in the courfe of your voyage, meet with 
 the vefl'els of any other nation, you will have as little 
 communication with them as poflible ; fhould they be 
 of fuperior force, and defire to fee your papers, you will 
 caufe your Portuguefe Captain to (hew them. You will 
 be on your guard againft lurprize. Should they be 
 either Ruffian, Englifli, Spanilh, or any other civilized 
 nation, and be authorized to examine your papers, you 
 will permit them, and treat them with civility and 
 friendlhip ; but at the fame time you muft be on your 
 guard. Should they attempt to feize you, or even carry 
 you out of your way, you will prevent it by every means 
 in your power, and repel force by force ; you will on 
 your arrival proteft publicly, before a proper officer, 
 againll fuch illegal procedure, and afcertain, as near as 
 you can, the value of your cargo and veffi^l, and fend 
 fuch proteft, with a full account of the tranfadlion, to 
 Juan Carvallio, Efquire, pf Macao; Daniel Beale, 
 Efquire, Pruffian Conful at Canton ; Meffirs, Franc ifco 
 Jofe Bandeiro, and Jononimo Rubifno Neves, attoroies, 
 at Liibon. 
 
 Should 
 
 FJ 
 
William 
 1 at Se^^ 
 
 C ^3 ] 
 
 Should you, on fuch conflid, have the fuperiority, 
 you will then take poffefllon of the veffel that attacked 
 you, as alfo her cargo, and bring both, with the officers 
 and crew, to Macao, that ihey may be condemned, and 
 their crews puni(hed as pirates. 
 
 1790. 
 
 No. 6. 
 
 ^oiir log 
 them to 
 tenfible 
 particu- 
 of any 
 ployers 
 I claim 
 
 et with 
 IS little 
 iiey be 
 oil will 
 ou will 
 ley be 
 nlized 
 s, you 
 y and 
 1 your 
 I carry 
 means 
 ill on 
 •fficer, 
 car as 
 fend 
 )n, to 
 3eale, 
 icifco 
 ruies. 
 
 &$ 
 
 Extract of a Letter from Mr. Mears to Mr. Robert 
 Funter, fecond Officer of the Felice, commanding 
 the America ; dated Friendly Cove, Nootka Sound^ 
 loth September, 1788. - 
 
 Jn Mr. Mear5*s Memorial of the 30/^ April, 17901^ ,, 
 
 To accompany Inclofure {No. 3.) ' \ 
 
 YOU are on no account to hoift any colours until 
 fuch time as your employers give you orders for this 
 purpofe, except on taking pofleffion of any new-difco- 
 vered land ; you will then do it, with the ufual forma,-* 
 lity, for the Crown of Great Britain. 
 
 No. 7^ 
 
 bould 
 
[ *4 ] 
 
 il"-' 
 
 iil 
 
 No. 7. 
 
 'The Information of William Graham. 
 
 In Mr* Mears's Memorial I of the ^oib Jpril, 1790. 
 
 (No. 4.) 
 
 Middle/ex, 
 to wit: 
 
 'X, 1 
 
 • 5 
 
 The Information of William Graham, of 
 Grub Street, mariner, taken before me 
 Sir Sampfon Wright, Knight, one of 
 His Majefty's Juftices of the Peace for 
 the faid county of Middlefex, this 5th 
 day of May, 1 790, 
 
 WHO, being on oath, fays. That on or about the 
 month of September 1788, he entered himfelf on 
 Board the veflel called The North-Weft America, then 
 lying in King George?'s Sound, on the North-Weft coaft 
 of America, belonging to Mr. John Meares, a merchant 
 trading in thofe parts : And further fays, That he faw 
 faid veffei launched in faid harbour under BritiQi co- 
 lours, and navigated under the Britifli flag, and that 
 fhe was commanded by Robert Funter, who is a Britiih 
 fubjefl:. 
 
 And this Informant further fays, That faid fliip was 
 trading on account of faid John Meares on the North- 
 Weft coaft of America, between the latitudes of 60 and 
 45 north, for furs, a large number of which they had 
 purchafed and got on board ; and that being in want of 
 provilions, they failed from the Archipelago of St. La- 
 zarus, whci^ they had been fo trading as aforefaid, and 
 returned to King George's Sound for a frcfli lupply of 
 provifions, at which time the natives were bringing 
 f^reat quantities of furs for (ale. 
 
 And this informant further fays, That when the faid 
 veflel arrived in the Offing of faid King George's Sound, 
 a number of boats came out of faid Sound, and feized 
 faid ve/Tel, and condnd:ed her into faid Sound ; that 
 one of faid boats had a gun in her bow, and all the 
 
 people- 
 
 peo 
 arm 
 took 
 Spai 
 prifc 
 
 H 
 
 this 
 one 
 othe 
 
', 1790. 
 
 iham, of 
 efore me 
 , one of 
 ^eace for 
 this 5th 
 
 iboiit the 
 mfelf on 
 ica, then 
 ^eft coaft 
 merchant 
 ^t he faw 
 itifti CO- 
 and that 
 a Britiih 
 
 (hip was 
 2 North- 
 
 f 60 and 
 they had 
 I want of 
 
 St. La- 
 iiid, and 
 
 pply of 
 3ringing 
 
 the fald 
 ) Sound, 
 feized 
 id ; that 
 1 all the 
 people 
 
 c 25 3 
 
 people on board the boats were Spaniards, and were 
 armed with cutlafles, piftols, and mufquets ; that thej'- 
 took poflefiion of faid veffel in the name of the King of 
 Spain, and made this informant and the reft of the crew 
 prifoncis. 
 
 That on entering faid Sound in manner aforefaid, he. 
 this infoimant faw two Spanifh men of war lying there, 
 one carrying 26 guns, called The PrincelTa, and tlie 
 other 24 guns, called The St, Carlos, with feveral hun- 
 dred men on board, and carrying the Spanifn flag. 
 
 1 hat the Spaniards who had boarded faid vclicl as 
 aforefaid, brought her to an anchor dole to faid fri- 
 gates, and put the captain and crew of laid vcilel on 
 board W\d fr gates, that they then took out of faid velitl 
 all the furs and other merchandize, and put the fame 
 alfo on board faid frigates, and then hoifted the Spanilh 
 flag on board the veflH they had fo captured. 
 
 That the Spaniards entreated this informant, and the 
 reft of the crew of faid vefTel, to enter themf;ilves as fea- 
 men on board faid frigates, which ihey all refufed to do ; 
 that faid Spaniards then put the crew of faid velTel in 
 irons, and fed them with horfe beans and water for the 
 fpace of about three weeks, and beat and othcrwifeill 
 treated feveral of them. 
 
 And this informant further fays, That he was in- 
 formed that the name of the ofHcer who commanded 
 faid frigates is Stephen Jofeph Martinez ; and he alfo 
 further favs, that if faid vellel could have continued 
 longer in the Archipelago of St. Lazarus, ixQr.\ whence 
 fhe was oblic^ed to return to Kiiia; Georc;e's Sound 
 through wantof provifions, or if (lie had got a fupplv of 
 proviiions at faid Sound, and gone back to the Arclii- 
 pt'lago (from which flie was prevented by being cap- 
 tured as aforefaid) he is well aflured that they ihould 
 have colleifled a larQ;e quantity of furs, and other mer- 
 chandize, and that tlie voyage v/ould hive been very 
 advantageous to the parties intereiied therein. 
 
 That foon after the capture of faid veiTel as aforefaid, 
 fhe was fitted out, and (ent on a trading voyage, by faid 
 Stephen Jofeph Martinez, inanncd with Spa liiirds, bear- 
 ing the Spanilli Flag, and having alfo on board one 
 Pavid Coolidge, mate of the floop Wafiiingtr.n, be- 
 
 lon.'inj 
 
c 
 
 20 
 
 ] 
 
 ,t 
 
 
 
 
 ■ 1 1.1 
 
 1 
 
 longing to the United States of America, which was 
 then lying in faid Sound ; and in the month of July 
 following, fviid vellel returned to faid Sound, having 
 on board a ©onfiderable quantity v( otters fivins, which 
 he this informant faw taken out of faid vellel, and pil|C 
 on board faid frii^aics. ' • • 
 
 Tliat on ih'j i4rh day of the month of June 1789, 
 the Princcfs Royal merchant iMn, uf London, belonr* 
 in^ to laid Mr. M.-jarcs and odit-rs. and commanded bv^ 
 Mr. VViiliam liudlon, came into {!i:d Sound with Bri- 
 tilh colours living, and a!^.cix)red near the faid frigates; 
 that laid veilll Priiicerj Royal lay in faid ISound a few 
 day.^ and then- failed (havinp^ tiril obtained die pcr- 
 rniliion of faid Martinez lo to do) without any odicr in- 
 terniptioii 01 molellauon v.'liatcver. 
 
 Tlia: on or about the third of July the Argonaut, a 
 merchant ihip, appeared in tlve Oiiing of faid King 
 George's Soiind, commanded by James Collnttt ; that 
 faid Martinez equipped a launch with twenty men and 
 upwarJs. and wcni with tlie fame himfelf, accompanied 
 by Pvicliard Hcv/c, an Amcric.in, and fupercago of the 
 Ihips Columbia i:nd Wafliington (belonging to the 
 United States of America, and then lying in faid Sound) 
 on board faid Argonaut ; tiiat laid Ara;onaiit failed into 
 and anchored in laid Sound with Britilh colours Hying ; 
 that the next morning the Argonaut wanting to put to 
 fea, was preventetl by faid Martmez, who ieized faid 
 vellel with an armed foice, cook the captain and crew 
 on board faid frigates, and put them in irons ; that 
 faid Martinez ordered tiie Briiifn colours on l)oard the 
 Arganaui to be hauled down, and the Spanifn colours 
 to be hoilled, and nred a gun on board the Argonaut, 
 and took polfefiion of the vcifei in the name of his Ca- 
 tiiolic Mae.ly ; that faid Martinez \i\(^\-\ ordered all the 
 propertv on board faid Argonaut to be removed on 
 hoard faid frigate?..; that on the 13th d iv of July the 
 before-mentioned veflel the Princefs Royal appeared in 
 ihe Oii'ng of faid King George's Sound, and that Ro- 
 bert Hiidfon, Marter of faid vefiel, came into faid 
 Sound in his boat, that laid Martinez immedi;:itely feizcd 
 faid boat, together with faid Hndfon and the boats crew, 
 d whom fcvcral Sruiniih foldiers who were on board the 
 / ArgO' 
 
Aiich was 
 1 of July 
 d, having 
 s, which 
 , and pilic 
 
 ne 1789, 
 
 , belone* 
 
 latukd by 
 
 with Bri- 
 
 I trig.ues ; 
 
 iind a few 
 
 t.lic pcr- 
 
 oilicr in- 
 
 ?,onaut, a 
 
 ^lid King 
 
 ittr ; that 
 
 men and 
 
 ompanicd 
 
 lr;o of the 
 
 g to the 
 
 id Sound) 
 
 ^ailed into 
 
 s fiving ; 
 
 to put to 
 
 ized faid 
 
 and crew 
 
 pns ; that 
 
 joard the 
 
 h colours 
 
 Lrgonaut, 
 
 f his Ca- 
 
 d ail the 
 
 lovcd on 
 
 July the 
 
 : eared in 
 
 that Ro- 
 
 into faid 
 
 jly fcizcd 
 
 )ats crew, 
 
 )oard the 
 
 ArgO' 
 
 t ^7 J 
 
 Argonaut and thcPHncefla (oneoffald frigates) fired with 
 ball ; that when faid Hudlbn came along fide faid fri- 
 eate in his boat, the crew belonging to fliid frigate beat 
 laid Hudfon and his men, and thrc\v faid Hudfon 
 down the after hatchway of faid frigate, fliying, " Get 
 down, you Englilh dog," and afterwards put him in the 
 cabin under a guard of foldiers ; that the Spaniards then 
 launched two boats, armed with cutlaffes, &c. which 
 went on board the Princefs Royal^ and brought her 
 into the Sound ; that they then fired a gun on board 
 her, hauled down the Englifli and hoifted Spanifli co- 
 lours on board her, and put the crew, all the merchan- 
 dize, and othuf property that was in her, on board one 
 of faid frigates, and took polfeffion of faid Princefs 
 Royal in the name of His Catholic Majefly; that at 
 this time he this informant faw two Spanilh batterits 
 which were erected on fliore in faid Sound, the one 
 mounted 16 guns, and ths other feven guns, with the 
 Spanilh flag flying thereon. 
 
 And this informant further fays, that he remained in 
 confinement on board one of faid SpaniOi frigates for 
 the fpace of three weeks, and was then put on board the 
 aforefaid American velfel the Columbia, in order to re- 
 turn to China; that before faid vefTel failed, he this 
 informant was feveral times on board the Argonaut, 
 where he faw Captain CoLnett and his officers confined in 
 the cabin, and the crew in the fore hatchway in irons. 
 
 And this informant further fays, that he failed from 
 China on board the Felice, and arrived in faid King 
 George's Sound in the month of May, 1788; that 
 in about a fortnight or three weeks after their arrival he 
 faw Mr. Mears deliver fome articles of merchandize 
 toMaqullla, the Sovereign Piince of the fud Sound, 
 which he then underftood and believed were given as 
 a conlideration for lands which the faid Mr. Mt ars had 
 required for an cftablilhment on fhore ; that faid Mr. 
 Mears did erett a building and other conveniencies on 
 faid land, and that the- fame were taken pofTeflion of by 
 faid Martinez, who raifed a battery of two guns, and 
 hoifted the Spanilh flai; thereon. 
 
 . And this informant fays, that there were a number of 
 men, nanves of China, at faid Sound, who had been 
 
 E 2 taken 
 
if 
 
 !.1 
 
 ^H 
 
 , l!i 
 
 \>\'^ 
 
 ■■ t 
 
 i(., 
 
 ;«ii^i 
 
 v!f 
 
 
 b :.i 
 
 if 
 
 [ ^3 ] 
 
 taken thither by faid Mr. Mears ; and that faid Mar- 
 tjncz refufcd to Ice them return to China, and employed 
 them in ercding batteries and other works, and, as he 
 hath been informed, in digging in the mines. 
 
 That while he was on his paflage in the Columbia to 
 China, he law a (quantity of furs put on board faid vef- 
 fcl from laid PrJncefla, and that the name Martinez was 
 flumped or marked thereon ; th;it in Port Cofe, in their 
 way to China, (and where the Wafliington and Colum- 
 bia met) he alfo faw a number of furs put on board 
 the Columbia from the Wafliington. 
 
 And this informant hereby acknowledges, That he 
 has received from fliid Mr. Mears all the wages due to 
 him from the time of his embarking on board the Fe- 
 lice as aforefaid, to the time of his arrival in China on 
 board the Columbia; and fays, that the principal rea- 
 fon of his coming to Europe was to give information 
 of the before-mentioned tranladtions. 
 
 That when he was at Port Cofe, in the Columbia as 
 aforefaid. Captain Kendrick, who commanded faid vei- 
 fel, told this informant, that if he would not fign ar- 
 ticles to affiil in navigating her to China, he would turn 
 him afliore among the Indians •, and in confequence of 
 faid threats, he iiened faid articles ; and he this infor- 
 mant is ot opinion, that it he and others under the like 
 circumftances had not given fuch afliftance, they could 
 not have carried faid vcffel to China ; but he did not 
 receive any recompenfe for fuch fervice. 
 
 WILLIAM GRAHAM. 
 Sworn before me the . 
 
 day and year above 
 . written, 
 
 SAMPSON WRIGHT. 
 
 ■M' 
 
 
 *.-. 
 
 No, 
 
[ ^9 3 
 
 aid Mar- 
 m ployed 
 id, as he 
 
 irnbia to 
 iaid vef- 
 :inez was 
 , in their 
 Colum- 
 )n board 
 
 That he 
 "s due to 
 i the Fe- 
 China on 
 :ipal rea- 
 ormation 
 
 umbia as 
 fa id vef- 
 
 fign ar- 
 3uld turn 
 [uence of 
 lis infor- 
 
 the like 
 ey could 
 
 did not 
 
 ^HAM. 
 
 No. 8. 
 
 T. HUDSON'S receipt for two hundred and three fca 
 
 otter fkins. 
 
 In Mr, Mears's Memorial of the ^oth Aprily 1790. 
 
 (No. 5.) 
 
 July ad, 1789, in Friendly Cove, Nootka Sound, 
 
 RECEIVED from Robert Funter, two hundred and 
 three fea otter fkins, numbered i to 21 5, in good or- 
 der and well conditioned, of which numbers twelve 
 are wanting, viz. No. 96, 170, 179, 180, 163, 197, 
 199, 202, 203, 205, 208, and 204, which 1 promifc 
 to deliver in the like good order and condition at Ma- 
 coa. Canton, or any other port where they may be or- 
 dered by the eftablilhed Company of Merchants trading 
 from the above ports to this coaft. 
 
 Witnefs my hand this 2d day of July, 1789, 
 
 203 Ikins. 
 
 T. HUDSON. 
 
 No, 
 
 No. 9. 
 
 CERTIFICATE of Ninety-fix Skins being fhipped on 
 
 board the Columbia. 
 
 In Mr, Mears's Memorial of the ^oth April, 1790. 
 
 (No, 6.) 
 
 OF the 96 fkins, which I have permitted to be em- 
 barked on board the Columbia, to Captain Robert 
 Funter, and Pilot Thomas Barnet, on their account, 
 
 they 
 
I 
 
 I ; 
 
 [ 30 ] 
 
 they ihall pay to the Capt:iin of faid frigate, John Ken-' 
 drick, the correfponding freight for faid fkins, as alfo 
 the fupport of the crew, and payment of faid indivi- 
 duals, becaufe that they might not lofc their labour 
 and pain, I have given this permiflion, leaving to the 
 faid captain and pilot their right, apart, to demand of 
 Don John Cawallo, in whofe fervicc they were, or of 
 the London Company of free trade, as this has fatisfied the 
 cxpenccs incurred by faid Cawallo in his veflels by means 
 of the purchafe. 
 
 On board this frigate under my 
 command, in the port of St, 
 .Lawrence of Nootka, 14th 
 July, 1789. 
 
 (Signed) STEPHEN JOS. MARTINEZ. 
 
 r i 
 
 ^ 
 
 This is original copy of an order, which they fay 
 Don Stephen Jofeph Martinez, Captain of the Spanilh 
 trigate, gave. 
 
 Canton, 2d December, 1789. 
 
 ■ ■ ^. ■ ■ 
 
 Manuel Netgoie, Firft Supercargo 
 Witnefs, of the Philippine Company. 
 
 Henry Hopman, 
 Third Supercargo. 
 
 No. 
 
( 3? ) 
 
 ohn Ken-.* 
 5, as alfo 
 d indivi- 
 r labour 
 ig to the 
 ^mand of 
 re, or of 
 isfied the 
 3y means 
 
 riNEZ. 
 
 hey fay 
 Spanjlii 
 
 npany. 
 
 No. 
 
 No. lo. 
 
 Dcpofition of the Officers and Men of 
 the Schooner North Weft America. 
 
 Id Mr, Mean's Memorial of ^oth April i^^o. (No. y.) 
 
 \X7E, the undermentioned captain and feamen of 
 V V the N. W. America, a velTel of 40 tons bur- 
 then or thereabouts^ built in King George's Sound, on 
 the norih-well coall or America, by Captain John 
 Mcars, ag.nt lb: the focicty o. Britifli merchants trad- 
 ing to tliofe parts, and launched under the colours of 
 Great Britain, make oath before the chief fupercargo 
 oi' the honourable Eaft India Company refidenc at 
 Canton : 
 
 That in the month of September, in the year of our 
 Lord 1788, the car])cnters of the laid John Mears did, 
 with the afliftancc of divers natives of America, build, 
 launch, and equip a fchooner of forty tons, or there- 
 abouts, in the lound or port difcovered by the late 
 captain James Cook, and named by him King George's 
 Sound, in honour of our moft gracious lovercign ; 
 that the laid John Mears did name the faid veflel the 
 N. W. America, as the fiilt vcHel ever built in that 
 part of the world ; that Ihe was equipped at a great: 
 and heavy expence of (lores, tackle, and furniture, 
 particularly iron, the moft valuable commodity in 
 thofe parts ; that all thofe ftores, iron, &c. were con- 
 veyed to the American coaft, with infinite labour, 
 coll, charge, and expences, on the fhip Iphigenia, as 
 appears by her books of outfit and equipment ; that 
 the faid John Mcars did appoint Mr. Robert Funter, 
 mcifter of the N. W. America, deeming him a full and 
 iufiicient pcrfon to conduft her commerce and guid- 
 ance, and did alio appoint Peter Henny, Robert Da- 
 vidfon, and John Eaft, quarter matters of the faid 
 fchooner, as well as Thomas Thiftlewood, William 
 Graham, and John Clarke, mariners, all fubjeds of 
 '■ ■ ■ . the 
 
■iw 
 
 ■^n 
 
 f : 
 
 ( 3S ) 
 
 the crown of Great Britain ; and nlfo afTiflinp;, a na- 
 tive of China, a carpenter, and Alfec and Ac haw, ma- 
 riners of the fame counny, to compoic her crew, to 
 trade along the nortli-vvell coad of America, on ac- 
 count and for the benefit of ilie uflbciated mcrchanis 
 of Great Britain trading to thofc parts; and th-Jt \vc 
 the above mentioned pco|>le iiave been paid our full 
 and juft wages agrccabk; to juHicc, from ihc linie of 
 our firrt failing frot"^ China until tlie time of our re- 
 turn, as the books of outfit will (h^vv, -dnd ngrceabie 
 to our receipts. 
 
 That on the 9th of June 17S9, bein;; returned to 
 King George's Sound from a trading expctlicion a- 
 mongfl the Charlotte's Iflcs, unfuf{)cding cnemit'« or 
 other hoftile attacks, there did come from thence 
 boats manned and equipped for \\ar, commantUd by 
 Don Jofeph Stephen Martinez, ommander o " two 
 Ihips of war of his Catholic Majcily then in King 
 George's Sound, and did tow or convey the faid N. W. 
 America, her crew, tackle, cargo, furniture, into the 
 faid found, and did anchor her clofe to the Sjiinifh 
 ihips of war, and then did take polfeflion of the 
 fchooner, her tackle, cargo, furniture, goods, and 
 chattels of the aiTociated merchants, in the name of 
 his Catholic majefty, and as a good and lawful 
 pri/!e. 
 
 That the faid fchooner N. W. America did barter 
 and trade with the natives of the north-weit coaft of 
 America, for two hundred and fifteen fea otter Ikins 
 of good and prime quality; that the faid number of 
 two hundred and fifteen fea otter ikins were put on 
 board of the iloop Princefs Royal, of London, be- 
 longing to the aiTociated merchants, for their ufe and 
 advantage's. 
 
 That the faid Robert Funter and his crew were re- 
 moved prifoners on board the faid Spinilh ihips of 
 war, to their vexation, detriment, and lofs ; and that 
 the faid fchooner N. W. America was taken out of his 
 care, and given up to the plunder of the fubjcfts of 
 hih Catholic majefty ; that the colours of Spain were 
 hoifted on board the faid N. W. America; that every 
 formality was uftd by the Spaniards, by fprinkling 
 
 holy 
 
 hoj 
 
 th( 
 
 the 
 
liter 
 
 of 
 
 kins 
 
 of 
 
 t on 
 
 be- 
 
 f 
 
 ( 3J ) 
 
 holy water, &c. on the above veflcl, in order to cover 
 their unjurt and cruel proceedings. 
 
 Thar t,;. quantity ot trade and commerce on board 
 the N. W. America, when taken by the Spaniards, was 
 great a id confuLrable ; and that being in want of 
 provifiu (he returned to King George's Sound, in 
 the folc .jpes of meeting with fome of the (hips of the 
 airociatcd merchants, to receive from them the fup- 
 plies wanted ; that numbers of {kins were left behind 
 amongd the Charlotte's Ifles ; and we do aver, to the 
 heft of our belief, that had there been fufficient provi- 
 fions on board the fchooner, fo as to have permitted 
 her further (lay, that one thoufand fea otter fkins would 
 have been coUedted, in addition to the two hundred 
 and fifteen above mentioned : and we further make 
 oath, That the detention in King George's Sound, by 
 Don Jofeph Stephen Martinez, was to the ruin of the 
 voyage, and the irreparable lofs of the aflbciated mer- 
 chants. 
 
 That the faid N. W. America was immediately 
 equipped and manned by Don Jofeph Stephen Marti* 
 nez, with Spanifh oflicers and Teamen, with Mr. David 
 Coolidge, fird mate of the floop Wafliington, of the 
 United States of America, a pilot ; that Ihe failed from 
 King George's Sound under the Spanifli flag on a 
 trading voyage ; that in the month of July Ihe re- 
 turned to the faid Sound with a cargo of feventy-five 
 fea otter ikins, or upwards, to the heavy lofs of the 
 alfcc^atcd merchants. 
 
 Thai we do further make oath, That Don Jofeph 
 Stephen Martinez did offer to Mr. Robert Funter to 
 go as pilot to the fchooner, to fliew the different har^ 
 hours where fkins were to be collected, and to trade 
 along the coaft; and as an, inducement to accept of 
 this ttation, the faid Don Jofeph Stephen Martinez 
 did ofter unto the faid Mr. Robert Funter the half of 
 all furs or valuables coUeded during the voyage ; and 
 the faid Mr. Robert Funter having acquired a con* 
 fiderable knowledge of the trade of the north weft 
 coaft of America, was prefled by D. J. S. Martinez to 
 difcover the nature of the commerce, and to enter into 
 their fervice- And we do further make oath. That 
 
 F thofe 
 
( 34 ) 
 
 thofe offers of Don Jofeph Stephen Martinez were re- 
 j^ded with indignation, as incompatible with our be- 
 ing in the fervice of the affociatcd merchants. 
 
 That the faid Don Jofeph Stephen Martinez did 
 make ufe of all manner of threats and other unlawful 
 endeavours of punilhments and imprifonments, &c. 
 &c. &c. to induce the faid Robert Funter to make 
 fome inflrument of writing, whereby the right and 
 title to the faid fchooner N. W. America, Ihould be 
 conveyed to the above Don Jofeph Stephen Martinez ; 
 
 . that all thofe efforts and threats were fuftained without 
 giving fuch an inftrument in writing. And do fur- 
 ther make oath, That of the two hundred and fifteen 
 fea otter ikins collefted on board the N. W. America, 
 twelve whereof were either loft or ftolen on board the 
 Spanifh {hip Princeffa, which reduced the above num- 
 ber of two hundred and fifteen to two hundred and 
 
 , three fkins, which were put on board the Princefs 
 Royal. 
 
 That on or about the 14th of July, the Princefs 
 Royal of London, being in want of wood and water, 
 and otherwife much diftrefled, did fail into King 
 George's Sound, and did anchor near to the ihips 
 commanded by the faid Don Jofeph Stephen Marti- 
 nez ; and that Mr. William Hudfon, mafter of the 
 above veffel, finding the fchooner N. W. America, 
 belonging to the affociated merchants, v/ith cargo and 
 tackle, &c. feized by the Spaniards, didj*eceive on 
 board the faid (loop Princefs Royal, with the leave 
 and licence of Don Jofeph Stephen Martinez, the 
 number of two hundred and three prime fea otter fkins, 
 on account of the affociated merchants ; and the faid 
 Don Jofeph Stephen Martinez having determined to 
 capture the hull and tackle of the N. W. America, but 
 liberate the cargo of the above number of two hun- 
 dred and three fea otter ikins. ^ ^ rs ' 
 ' ' That the above iloop Princefs Royal, William Hud- 
 fon, mafter, did put to fea out of Nootka Sound, hav- 
 ing on board the above cargo of the affociated mer- 
 chants, and after having figned a receipt for the above 
 ikins, which receipt is attached to this affidavit. 
 And we do further make oath. That the receipt at- 
 tached 
 
 tCi 
 
/ere re- 
 )ur bc- 
 
 lez did 
 nlawful 
 ts, &c. 
 > make 
 ht and 
 ould be 
 brtinez ; 
 without 
 do fur- 
 fifteen 
 America, 
 oard the 
 ve num- 
 Ired and 
 Princefs 
 
 Princefs 
 id water, 
 ito King 
 :he fhips 
 in Marti- 
 zr of the 
 America, 
 cargo and 
 eceive on 
 the leave 
 inez, the 
 tter fkins, 
 d the faid 
 rmined to 
 erica, but 
 two hun- 
 
 am Hud- 
 und, hav- 
 lated mer- 
 the above 
 vit. 
 
 •eceipt at- 
 . tached 
 
 < 35 ) 
 
 taclied to this affidavit is the true and juft receipt re- 
 ceived from William Hudfon, matter of the Princefs 
 Royal. 
 
 And we do make oath. That the ihip A,rgonaut, 
 commanded by lieutenant James Colnett, of his ma- 
 jefty*s navy, and belonging to the aflbciated mer- 
 chants, did arrive off King George's Sound, on or 
 about the 3d of July 1789; and that Don Jofeph 
 Stephen Martinez perceiving the faid veffel in the 
 offing, did man and equip a launch with feventy men 
 and upwards, and went himfelf, accompanied by Mr. 
 Richard Howe, an American, and fupercargo of the 
 Ihips Columba and Wafliington, belonging to the 
 United States of America, and then in King George's 
 .Sound, and went on board the faid (hip Argonaut^ 
 where he was received with every friendlhip and civi- 
 lity ; that the Argonaut being come off a long voy- 
 age, and otherwife much diftreffed, was enticed and de- 
 coyed into the faid Sound by the affurances, and refting 
 on the faith of Don Jofeph Stephen Martinez, who prc- 
 mifed him every affirtance and friendlhip; and that 
 the Ihip Argonaut having in confequence of this, en- 
 tered King George's Sound, was boarded by armed 
 boats equipped frbm the Spaniih Ihips, and feized and 
 made a prize df, her officers, crew, and cargo, in the 
 :nan1ei of his catholic majefty, by Don Jofeph Stephen 
 Martinez; an|d thfat the officers and cre\V were imme- 
 diately removed on board the Spanifti ihips, and the 
 Britilh fliip Argonaut was given up by Don Jofeph S. 
 Martinez to plunder, not only the goods, &c. of the 
 aflbciated merchants, but the private moveables and 
 valuables of the officers and crew. 
 
 That Don Jofeph Stephen Martinez, with priefts 
 and all due formalities, hoifted the flag of Spain on the 
 Britifli Ihip Argonaut, and did threaten Captain James 
 Colnett, that if he did not comply with ail orders, in- 
 jun<flions, and other demands, that they would imme- 
 diately hang the faid Captain James Colnett at the 
 yard arm, which prefled fo forcibly on the mind of 
 the faid Colnett, that it deprived him of his fenfes; 
 that he made repeated attempts to deftroy himfelf, and 
 ....-: .. . ........ Fz did 
 
" ( 36 ) 
 
 did once jump out of the cabin window into the fea, 
 and was with difficulty faved. 
 
 That the faid Don Jofeph S. Martinez, being in pof- 
 feffion of the (hip Argonaut, did take out of her the 
 greateft part of her copper trade, arms, great guns, 
 ammunition, proviiions, tar, pitch, canvafs, and other 
 naval flores, with all the charts, inftruments, &c. of 
 the officers. ' < 
 
 We do further make oath, that the journal of the 
 Ihip Argonaut was tnie and faithfully delivered by 
 Mr. Robert Duffin, firft officer of the faid fhip, to Mr. 
 Robert Fun ter, mailer of the N. W. America, as well 
 as the letters figned Robert Duffin, and addrefled to 
 John Meares, agent for the aflbciated Britifh merchants 
 trading to the North Weft coaft of America,, which 
 journals or letters are attijched to this affidavit. 
 
 And we do make oath, that on the 13th of July the 
 floop Princefs Royal of London was out at fea, in the 
 offing of King George's Sound, and that Mr. Robert 
 Hudlon, mafter of the faid Hoop, did take his boat a<nd 
 row into the faid found, and that himfelf, boat, and 
 crew, were feized by Don Jofeph Stephen Martinez, 
 who made prifoners of them ; and did, by force and 
 threats of hanging him at the yard arm, get the faid 
 William Hudlon to write a letter on board the Prin- 
 cefs Royal, then lying off at fea, to deliver up without 
 conteft the above Hoop ; and that Don Jofeph Stephen 
 Martinez did order his fecond lieutenant, named 
 Montefare, to take armed boats, equipped for war, 
 and go on board the Princefs Royal, and deliver the 
 faid written letter to the commanding officer on board; 
 and that thofe boats did accordingly go to the Prin- 
 cefs Royal, and did feize her, and with force confined 
 the crew below the deck, and did carry her into King 
 George's Sound, when Don Jofeph Stephen Martinez 
 did order the Spanilh colours to be hoifted on the 
 Princefs Royal, and captured her officers, crew, cargo, 
 tackle, and furniture, in the name of his Catholic 
 majefty. 
 
 That, to the befl of our knowledge and belief, the 
 faid Princefs Royal had on board two hundred and fe- 
 venty priqie fea otter's Ikins belonging to the aflb- 
 ciated 
 
in pof- 
 
 ler the 
 
 guns, 
 
 other 
 
 &c. of 
 
 ( 37 ) 
 
 ciated merchants, as well as two hundred and three 
 prime fea otter ikins received from Mr. Robert Fun- 
 ter, mafter of the N. W. America, making in all four 
 hundred and feventy-three prime fea otter fkins, all 
 which were fcized by the faid Jofeph Stephen Mar- 
 tinez, in the name of his Catholic majefty. 
 
 That the faid Don Jofeph Stephen Martinez did take 
 pofleflion, with all due form, &c. &c. of the Princefs 
 Royal of London. And we do further make oath, 
 that Don Jofeph Stephen Martinez did give us, the 
 above-mentioned Mr. Robert Funter and feamen^ 
 leave and licence to return to China in the American 
 iliip Columba ; and that we did embark on board the 
 fame (hip, and did return to China on the 2d of No- 
 vember 1789 ; and that previous to our leaving King 
 George's Sound, and the north-weil coall: of America, 
 we did fee fail out of the faid port the britilh fliip 
 Argonaut under the Spanilh flag, a prize to Don* 
 Jofeph .Stephen Martinez, having on board Captain 
 James Colnett, Mr. Robert DuiSn, and the greater 
 part of her crew, with a guard of fifty Spaniih. feamen, 
 bound to the Spanifli port of St. Bias, in the latitude 
 of 21 or thereabouts, agreeable to the orders of Don 
 Jofeph Stephf-^i Martinez; and that Jofeph Tobar, , 
 firft lieutenant of the, Spanifh fhip Princelfa, was in 
 command of the Argonaut, on her leaving King 
 George's Sound; and that the Columba and the 
 American floop Walhington did depart from King 
 George's Sound togetheiv,unmolefted in any meafure 
 by the Spaniards, but on the contrary in full friend- 
 ihip and alliance, leaving in that fo-und Don Jofeph 
 Stephen Martinez, with his two ihips, and the floop 
 Princefs Royal and the N. VV. America as prize?, 
 Thar the Columba and Wafliington did fleer to a 
 harbour to the fouthward of King George's Sound, 
 where they feparated, the Columba returning to China, 
 and the Walhington remaining on the coaft. 
 
 That we do further make oath, that Don Jofeph 
 Stephen Martinez did order a certain number of fea 
 otter fkins (the number of which we cannot afcertain) 
 to be put on board the American fhip Columba, pre- 
 vious to her and the WaQiington's leaving King 
 
 George's 
 
 :li 
 
r $8 ) 
 
 George's Sound, and that the fame ihip Columba did 
 go to fea with thole fkins on board 5 that on the arri- 
 val of the two American Ihips at the port above-men- 
 tioned to the fouthward, Mr. John Kendrick, Mailer 
 of the Ihip Columbia, did leave the faid Ihip, and go 
 on board the Hoop Wafliington, taking the above- 
 mentioned Spanifti ikins with him ; and Mr. Robert 
 Grey, Matter of the iloop Waihington, did go on 
 board the Ihip Columba, and took charge of the faid 
 ihip, quitted the coaft of America, and returned to 
 China as above-mentioned, leaving the (loop Wafli- 
 ington in the above-mentioned harbour to the fouth- 
 ward. * • •' ■" 
 
 And we do further make oath, that the provifions 
 agreeable to the receipt attached to this affidavit, were 
 put on board the ihip Columba, by order of Don Jo- 
 feph Stephen Martinez, in order, as he faid, to vi(flual 
 us, the captain and crew of the N. W. America; but 
 that, inftead of being appropriated to this ufe, part 
 thereof were put on board the iloop' Waihington, then 
 commanded by Mr. Kendrick, in ofder that ihe might 
 continue out a longer trading voyage on the coaft of 
 America. 
 
 That the faid Don Jofeph Stephen Martinez did or- 
 der to be ihipped ort board the ihip Columba, cohi- 
 manded by the faid Mr. Grey, the number of ninety- 
 iix fea otterikins, for thepurpofe of fulfilling the con- 
 tents of a S|)aniih paper attached to this affidavit, du- 
 ly authenticated by the chief (^ the Spaniih Eaft India 
 Company at Canton. lo jck) ^ ^q?. ; 
 
 fif And we do further make oath. That the ihip Co- 
 lumba, on quitting the coaft of America, was fo 
 weakly manned, that we do verily believe that Ihe 
 would not have been able to have returned to China 
 had it not been for the exertions of us, the mafter and 
 leamen of the N. W. America ; that the reafon of 
 this weaknefs on board the Columba was their fending 
 the greater part of their crew on board the iloop 
 Waihington, in order that ihe might be manned and 
 made more copipetent to continue on the coaft of 
 America. 
 
 v.(i ; lyti Sworn 
 
)a did 
 arri- 
 
 ( 39 ) 
 
 Sworn at Canton, before the honourable Eaft In- 
 dia Company's chief fupra cargo, this fifth day 
 of December one thoufand feven hundred and 
 eighty-nine. 
 
 (Signed). 
 
 Robert Funter, mafter of the N. W. America. 
 Robert David fon, quarter mailer. ** 
 Peter Henry, quarter mafter. • • 
 
 John Eaft, quarter mafter. , 
 
 William Graham, 1 /• . 
 
 Thomas Littlewood, / 
 
 Sworn before me, at Canton in China, this fifth 
 day of December one thoufand feven hundred 
 and eighty-nine. 
 
 (Signed). 
 
 JOHN HARRISON, junior, chief fupra cargo. . . 
 
 ,11 
 
 m 
 
 O. II. 
 
 John Kendrick's Receipt for Provifions, 
 &c. on board the Ship Columba. 
 
 In Mr. Mears*s Memorial of the ^oth April 1790. 
 To accompany hclofuye, No, 7. 
 
 13th July, 1789. 
 
 RECEIVED from on board the Snow Argonaut, 
 on board the Ihip Columba, the under-mentioned 
 Articles; viz. 
 
 5 Cafks of fak provifions. "^ 
 
 20 Pickles of rice. - 
 
 180 Gallons of arrack. 
 
 12 Squares of fhoe leather 
 
 2 Small cafks of vinegar. 
 
 Per JOHN KENDRICK. 
 
 The above is a true copy of the original, figned as 
 above, &c. 
 
 Per ROB. DUFFIN. 
 
 h 
 
 No. 12. 
 

 k'Vf^'C:. 
 
 
 (40 > 
 
 
 rvj,,i « > • T'~ ■: 
 
 4- '■■< 
 
 No 12. 
 
 > ••• 
 
 thet 
 the 
 that 
 abou 
 
 1; 
 
 J . 
 
 t 
 
 I 
 
 til 
 
 Extraft of the Journal of the Iphigenia* 
 
 it 
 
 In Mr, Mears^s Memorial of ^oth April 1790. {No 8*) 
 
 Remarks, &c. on Board the Tphigenia Nubiana* 
 
 ^1^9' A ^ °"^ P* ^* ^ breeze fprung up frorrt 
 2bth April. /JL the N W. ftood in for the Sound. At 7 
 ditto, the tide and wind failing, dropped the ftreani 
 •enchor in 50 fathoms water, one mile frorii the fliore, 
 and two ditto from Friendly Cove. At 10 A. M. 
 weighed with a foutherly wind. Shortly afterwards 
 came along-fide Captain Kendrick and officers ; they 
 had wintered in Friendly Cove, and had only removed 
 a few days with their Ihip up to Moweena, about 8 
 miles higher up the Sound. At 1 1 ditto dropped 
 anchor in the Cove, and moored with the pieces of 
 junk. Employed unbending fails, and getting the 
 top-gallant mafts and yards down on deck, — This log 
 at midnight. 
 
 21ft April. Light winds and variable. The Lim- 
 bers being all choaked with the fand ballaft, fo that 
 the water could not find its way into the pump well, 
 fet all hands to work in the morning to clear the hold. 
 Departed this life Acchon Aching, a feaman, he was 
 delirious from the time of his fall from the crofs trees 
 till he died ; interred the corpfe on fliorc. 
 
 22d April. The wind from the NW. and SW. 
 with fair weather ; fent fome fails on ihore, and ered- 
 ed a tent to put our empty cafks in : employed in 
 the hold, the cooper overhauling the provifions, and 
 putting frelh pickle in the cafks. 
 
 23d April. Firft part light wmds and variable : 
 employed heaving out ballaft ; in the morning moved 
 
 the 
 
( 41 ) 
 
 the tank to get to the Kmbers. At lo A. M. arrived 
 the (loop Walhington from the fouthward : I found 
 that they had been out lix weeks^ and had procured 
 about 300 Tea otter ikins. 
 
 24th April. Strong gales and hazy weather, with 
 rain : employed moving the great guns in the hold, 
 which we found a very laborious piece of work ; every 
 rope we had in the Ihip gave way, fo that we were 
 obliged to borrow a fall from the American iloop* 
 Having intelligence that a fail was in the offing, dif- 
 patched the long-boat to her affiftance ; found her to 
 be our confort, the N. W. America; at noon (he 
 anchored in the Cove. Sailed out of the Cove the 
 (loop Wa(hington for Moweena. 
 
 25th April. Fre(h gales and cloudy weather, with 
 the wind from the SW. Having intelligence that the 
 American (loop was bound to the northward as foon as 
 they could get trade wrought up, I gave orders for the 
 fchooner not to unbend her fails, but to be hauled on 
 ihore immediately to (lop her leaks. At 6 P. M. hav- 
 ing (lopped her leaks as well as we could, by nailing 
 lead over them (for we had neither pitch or tar on 
 board) and fcrubbed her bottom, at ten hauled her olf 
 the ways. 
 
 26th. In the morning hauled the (chooner along^ 
 fide, and (Iruck her guns and other dores in; fent 
 likewife on board her the following articles, viz. All 
 the canvas I had got, one puncheon of bread, one 
 ca(k of yams, one of pork, two of my bed men, and 
 fecond officer, who was well acquainted with the part 
 of the coaft I intended to fend her : I fent on board 
 her as trade 50 bars of iron, 30 cut up, 200 choppers, 
 3 dozen of adzes, one dozen of wood axes, and a 
 quantity of large blue beads, 
 
 28th. Moderate and clear weather, with the wind 
 from NE. At day-light towed the fchooner out of 
 the Cove, the long-boat attending her out to fea aboiit 
 ^wo leagues. 
 
 Max 
 

 ( 4i ) 
 
 ' May 6tli. Moderate and fair weather. Having In- 
 telligence from the natives that a veflel was in the 
 offing, in the morning I ordered the long boat to go 
 oft' with the chief officers (being unwell myfelf) ; 
 about ten I was acquainted by my people that the 
 veflel appeared to be a (hip, and not like the Felice 
 Adventurara. At eleven ditto llie dropped anchor, 
 and faluted me with nine guns, which I returned ; my 
 boat came on board, and acquainted me ihe was a Spa- 
 ni(h ihip of war, commanded by Commodore Don 
 Stephen Jofeph Martinez, on difcovery ; that there 
 Were two others, a fliip and a fnovv, that had parted 
 company about 14 days ago: The commodore fent 
 his compliments to me, and requefted my company 
 on board the Princeffa (for that was the name of the 
 Ihip) to dinner; I went on board, and carried him a 
 prefent of a long feathered cloak and cap. He told 
 me on my going on board he came from Oonalafhka ; 
 that he had been in Prince William's Sound and 
 Cook's River ; and Ihewed me a copy of a letter I 
 wrote in anfwer to one I received from Mr. Ifmyloff* on 
 the i^^th day of June 1783. At the time I wrote this 
 letter I was in Cook's River, he was at anchor then off 
 Montagu Ifiand, How we came to pafs one another, 
 he failing from the Sound to Cook's River, and I 
 failing from Cook's River to the Sound, I am at a 
 lofs to know. He fell in with the Wafhington to the 
 northward, and fupplied her with feveral things fhe was 
 in want pf. I acquainted him with my diftrefled fitua- 
 tion ; that the veffel had like to have foundered before 
 we made the port, for wanf of pitch and tar to ftop 
 her leaks ; that I expeftcd my confort from Macao 
 every day ; if Ihe did not arrive, 1 muft beg his af- 
 fiftance, which he promifed me. Captain Kendrick 
 arriving from Moweena, after dinner we went on fhore, 
 accompanied by Don Jofeph, and three padries that 
 were to make all the Indians Chriflians. I thought 
 they had tak^n a hard talk in hand. 
 
 7th May. Foggy weather, people employed in. 
 cutting up fire wood, , . 
 
 8th. 
 
ving in- 
 i in the 
 It to go 
 
 lyfelO ; 
 hat the 
 2 Felice 
 anchor, 
 ?d; my 
 5 a Spa- 
 re Don 
 it there 
 parte(i 
 jre fent 
 )mpany 
 of the 
 I him a 
 ^e told 
 lalhka ; 
 nd and 
 letter I 
 doff on 
 )te this 
 hen off 
 lother, 
 and 1 
 .11 at a 
 to the 
 he was 
 i litua- 
 before 
 :o flop 
 VTacao 
 his af- 
 idrick 
 fhore, 
 ;s that 
 ought 
 
 ed in 
 
 8th. 
 
 ( 43 ) 
 
 8th. Moderate breezes and fair weather; com- 
 pleated our iire wood, waiting with great impatience 
 for the arrival of the Felice. _ „-., 
 
 9th. Ditto weather. In the morning I accom- 
 panied the commodore, the padries, and his officers to 
 Moweena, to dine wiih Captain Kendrick. In the 
 evening we returned. 
 
 loth. Pleafant land and fea breezes. This day 
 captain Kendrick and officers, the Spanirti commodore, 
 and the padries dined on board the Iphigenia ; having 
 one Sandwich Illand hog left, and a few yams, I fent 
 the hog on board the Spanilh ihip and had it dreffed af- 
 ter their own falhion ; they added two or three othei* 
 diffies ; fo that we made it out pretty well. 
 
 nth. Cloudy weather and heavy rain. In the 
 morning the Spanifti commodore went up to Mo- 
 weena, taking his cot and bedding along with him. 
 H^ promifed to let me have the articles I was in want 
 of at his return. In the evening we had intelligence 
 by the natives of a vefTel being in the offing. 
 
 1 2th May. Moderate and cloudy weather. In the 
 morning, having got fome pitch and tar from the 
 Princefla, hauled the long boat aihore, and fet the 
 carpenter and caulker to work to caulk her bottom. 
 At three P. M. having finiflied the long boat, I in- 
 tended to fend him down to Week-a-nanniftiies. At 
 five ditto Mr. Adamfon acquainted me that Captain 
 Meares was in the offing, that the natives had fold him 
 Ibme fifh ; (having been unwell for fome time paft, and 
 now confined to my bed) I ordered him to go off with 
 the long boat to his affiilance. At fix ditto I was ac- 
 quainted ihe dropped anchor one mile to the north- 
 ward of the port, and hoifted Spanilh colours. 
 
 13th. Moderate and cloudy weather. At ten A. M. 
 came in and dropped anchor in the cove the Soanilh 
 fnow St. Carlos, commanded by Captain Arrow He 
 fent his compliments to me, and requefted my com- 
 . ;:- u ;: / G 2 pany; 
 
( 44 ) 
 
 pany to dinner ; being unwell I declined his invita- 
 tion. In the afternoon he paid me a vifit; and in the 
 evening the Commodore came down from Mowecna, 
 accompanied by Captain Kendrick, and fome of his 
 officers. 
 
 14th. At nine in the morning of the 14th the Spa- 
 t\\ih commodore fcnt for Mr. Viana and me on board 
 the Princeffa. As foon as I was on board he took out 
 a paper, and told me, that was the king of Spain's 
 orders to take all the veffels he met with on the coaft 
 of America; that I was now his prifoner. I urged 
 the diflrefs we were in before we reached the harbour ; 
 the veflel without cables ; no pitch nor tar on board 
 to flop her leaks ; no bread on board, nor any thing 
 to live on but fait pork ; that if I had fleered for any 
 port in South America, the Spaniards would not have 
 feized my veflel, but fupplied me with the neceflaries I 
 was in want of, agreeable to the laws of nations ; to take 
 me a prifoner, in a foreign port that the king of Spain 
 never laid claim to, was a piece of injuftice that no na- 
 tion had ever attempted before : but that, fooner than 
 be detained as a prifoner (although the veflel had like 
 to have foundered before we got into the harbour) if 
 he would give me permiflion, I would inftantly leave 
 the port. This was denied. Forty or fifty men, with 
 fome officers, went on board, hoifted the Spanifh co- 
 lours, and took poflelTion of the Iphigenia Nubi- 
 ana. The keys of my cheft was demanded ; my 
 charts, journals, papers, and in fiiort, every thing 
 that was in the veflel, they took pofleflion of. I 
 was not fo much as allowed to go on board. I en- 
 quired the caufe of his not taking the Wafliington 
 iloop, as he had orders from the king of Spain to take 
 every veflel he met with on this coaft. He gave me 
 no fatisfadlory aiifwer j but told me, my Portuguefe 
 papers were bad ; that they mentioned, I was to take 
 all Englifli, Ruffian, and Spanifli vefiels that were 
 of inferior force to the Iphigenia Nubiana, and fend 
 or carry their Crews to Macao, there to be tried for 
 their lives as pirates. I told him, they had not in- 
 terpreted the papers right j that thougU I did not 
 
 ■ . vnderfland, 
 
mvita- 
 
 i in the 
 
 wecna, 
 
 of his 
 
 he Spa- 
 i board 
 )ok out 
 Spain's 
 le coaft 
 [ urged 
 arbour ; 
 n board 
 ly thing 
 for any 
 lot have 
 jffaries I 
 ; to take 
 3f Spain 
 It no na- 
 ner than 
 bad like 
 hour) if 
 ly leave 
 En, with 
 nifh co- 
 
 Nubi- 
 ?d ; my 
 y thing 
 i of. I 
 . I en- 
 hington 
 I to take 
 rave me 
 rtuguefe 
 } to take 
 lat were 
 ,nd fend 
 :ried for 
 
 not in- 
 did not 
 derftand, 
 
 < 45 ) 
 
 underftand Portuguefe, I had feen a copy of them in 
 Engliih at Macao, which mentioned, if I was attacked 
 by any of thofe three nations, to Jefend myfclf, and 
 if I had the fupeiiority, to fend the captain and crew 
 to Macao to anfwcr for the infult they offered the 
 Portuguefe flag. The padrics and the clerk read the 
 papers over, and faid they had interpreted the pa- 
 pers right. The Portuguefe captain, Viana, was 
 filent, although he mull have known to the con- 
 trary. In the evening of the 15th, captain Kendrick 
 came down from Moweenti ; having been informed 
 captain Kendrick was priw to my being taken pri- 
 foner, and that it was fettled when the Spanifli com- 
 modore was laft at Moweena, when he came on board 
 the Iphigenia I refufed to fee him. This being re* 
 ported to the Spanilh commodore, I was ordered, at 
 ten o'clock at night (although 1 was very unwell) 
 to turn out, and carry my bed on board the Spanifli 
 fnow, it both raining and blowing at the time. Here 
 I remained for fome time without a foul to fpeak 
 to. My fcrvant, that was a Manilla man, and fpoke 
 the language very well, was not permitted to come 
 near me, for fear of his <:ifcovering ibme of their pro- 
 ceedings that was carrying on. In (hoi t, they Itole 
 a number of things, and afterwards laid the blame 
 on my fervant. My people were divided between 
 the two vefTels, and every method made ufe of to cn^ 
 tice them to enter. The fails were bent, and fome 
 new running rigging wove. A captain was appointed, 
 and officers, to carry me and Mr, Viana to St. Blaws, 
 My officers were to be detained, and one half of my 
 people on board the two Spanilh Ihips, and I was re-r 
 quelled to choofe the quietefl of my men to go along 
 with me. A lift of them I was deiired to give to the 
 commodore, as we were to fail in a few days. This 
 I would not comply with, but told him, he might 
 fend home if he thought proper ; that the Iphigonia 
 was not fit to go to fea till Ihe was caulked, and her 
 leaks flopped. This they immediately fet about. 
 After taking every thing out of her, copper, iron, 
 trade of every kind, and all my Sandwich Ifland pork, 
 $hey filled th^ after-bold mxh land b^llafl^ that vye had 
 Vuii ■ beei^ 
 
C 46 ) 
 
 been at fo much pains to {ret out. The fchoonerN. 
 Weft America, and the Felice Adventurara, being 
 daily expected in, none of us were permitted to fpcak 
 to the niuivcs, althougli I found an opportunity to 
 acquaint M'Quilla, and the other chiefs, as did Mr. 
 Ingraham, chief oilicer of the Columba. Wc re- 
 qucrted them to have boats ready to go off to cap- 
 tain Mcars and captain Funtcr, and acquaint them 
 not to come in to Nootka. That I was cap cbeilcJ, 
 they told us they undcrftood. They wanted to know 
 if I was now a colt, that is, a flave— that if I would 
 go with him, they would fend boats to warch for an 
 opportunity to carry me off. They inftantly ihifted 
 their village about four miles to the northward, fo 
 that I am in great hopes both captains Mears and 
 Funter will have intelligence of my being captured. 
 One of my people on board the Iphigenia, the fervant, 
 was bargaining with the natives for lome iilh they had 
 in their boat ; the Spaniards, not underllanding what 
 was faid, he was ordered on board the commodore's 
 ihip, and put into the flocks, where he was flridly 
 examined, and threatened feverely, if he did not tell 
 whether he had mentioned to the natives for them to 
 go and acquaint captains Mears and Funter not to 
 come in to Nootka. When they found he had not men- 
 tioned any thing about the other veflTels, they wanted 
 to know if the natives had not told him they had ken. 
 a veflel in the oiHng. He told them they had not. 
 He was after this let at liberty, but ordered never 
 to converfe with the Indians, nor fpeak to thcni 
 in future. I afterwards had a conference with cap- 
 tain Kendrick ; he denied being acceflary to my be- 
 ing taken ; that the Spanilh commodore had men- 
 tioned to him he would take captain Mears pnfoner 
 as foon as he arrived in the harbour; that he 1 id faid 
 every thing, and had made ufe of all his^intereft to 
 prevci; my being taken prifoner. How far this is 
 true, 1 lh?.ll leave it tor him to difcover. O the 22d 
 the irons i'rrived from Moweena, whicli were made by 
 captain Kendrick 's armourer. We were now to pro-» 
 ceed inftan'ly to St. Blaws, and I was once nore re- 
 quefted to choofe one halt of my men, as the other 
 
 half 
 

 ( 47 ) 
 
 half was to remain with my ofHceri. Finding not 
 one of them would enter, or dcfert me, I declined 
 giving the preference to any. Before we failed, I re- 
 quefted my own private papers might be delivered up, 
 likevvifc a copy of my Portuguefc papers, which was 
 promifed me. The interpreter, when he came to that 
 part which mentions my defending myfelf in cafe I 
 was attackcdj^and, it I had the fuperiority, to carry the 
 aggreflbrs to Macao to be tried for the infult, he 
 mentioned to the commodore, in my prcfcnce, he 
 thought the papers very good. I told him, if that was 
 the only caufe lie had to alledge againft me, it would 
 not be difficult for me to call him in any court of 
 juftice in Europe. He had now got every thing out 
 of her that he took a liking to; and what things I 
 had belonging to myfelf, he robbed me of in as 
 gentle a manner as he poffibly could, by letting 
 me know he muft have my gold watch, my fec- 
 tant, my ftove, and all my charts ; llkewife all my 
 long feathers, cloaks, and caps, that Tyany and his 
 relations prefented me with ; even my flioes and boots, 
 and very bed cloaths went ; as a reafon for doing fo, 
 he told me fome of thofe things could be got ac 
 Mexico. He now propofed to return the veflel, and 
 fupply me with provifions to carry me to the Sandwich 
 Iflands, if I would fign a paper that was already pre- 
 pared and prefented me. This I refufed to comply 
 with, till I had witnefles, and knew the contents of the 
 paper. Mr. How, fupercargo of the Columba, was 
 requelled to write a letter to Captain Kendrick and 
 Mr. Ingraham, to come down from Moweena, to be 
 witneffes to the papers 1 was to fign. On the 24th 
 they arrived ; the papers were interpreted to me, 
 which mentioned he arrived on fuch a day, and found 
 me in the Bay of St. Lawrence, Nootka ; that I was in 
 diitffefs, and in want of every thing ; that he had not 
 flopped my navigation, but fupplied me with every 
 neceflary I was in want of to carry me to the Sandwich 
 Iflands. This paper I refufed figning, for two rea- 
 fons ; one was, he had not only flopped mc in my 
 navigation, but had taken pofleflion of the Ihip, and 
 €very thing that belonged to her; another was, the 
 
 Spaniands 
 
C 48 ) 
 
 Spaniards could lay no claim to a port they had ne* 
 ver before feen, nor had any of the King of Spain's 
 velTels ever entered. The commodore faid, in the 
 
 ?ear 1775 he was fecond officer on board a king's 
 rigate that was on difcovery, ti>».t faw the port, and 
 named it the Bay of St. Lawrence. I told him, hav- 
 ing the chart of that voyage by me, I begged leave to 
 differ in opinion from him. If 1 did not choofe ta 
 fign the papers, he told me he would keep the velTel, 
 and fend her along the coaft as a privateer to trade 
 with the natives. The papers were inftantly laid 
 aiide, and Captain Kendrick went up to Moweena. 
 The fame evening he told me his orders were to take 
 captain Kendrick, if he Ihould fall in with him any 
 where in thofe feas ; and mentioned it as a great ferret 
 that he would take both him and the floop Walhing- 
 ton as foon as Ihe arrived in port. The 24th and 25th, 
 a heavy gale blew from the S. W. the Spanifh veflels 
 had each four anchors a-head; the commodore re- 
 quefted I would go on board the Iphigenia Nubiana 
 with my officers and people, and fecure her; having 
 nothiiig on board to fecure her with, I declined having 
 any thing to do with her; he was therefore under the 
 neceility of fending two hawfers of eight-inch, and 
 making her faft to Hog Ifland. As I was not per- 
 mitted to go on ihore, 1 did not know much of what 
 was carrying forward ; they were bufy in eredting forts 
 on Hog Ifland, and by what I learned, they were 
 cutting down large trees to build houfes. The com- 
 modore acquainted me, that laft year when he was at 
 Oonalafhka, Mr. Ifmyloff told him he expelled three 
 vellels from Kamtfchatka with a number of men ; that 
 on their arrival at Oonalafhka, he was to take the com- 
 mand, and condu(ft them to Nootka Sound, where 
 tliey were to form a fettlement; that he expected to 
 arrive at Nootka by the middle of July, or id of Au- 
 gufl 1789; that two Ruffian frigates were to fail from 
 Pcterfbuigh by the way of Cape Horn, and join them 
 in Nootka Sound with (tores and other neceflaries that 
 they might want. On his arrival at St. Blaws lafl 
 year he fent an exprefs to the viceroy, who ordered 
 him to fail immediately for Nootka, and ereft forts 
 
 to 
 
( 49 ) 
 
 to keep the Ruffians out. He likewife acqiiainted rtttf ^ 
 that in the year 17S6, two Englifli veffels were call 
 away, one was drove alhore at her anchors on the liland 
 Maidenoi Oftroft'; that all the hands perilhed except 
 three men that happened to be on fhore ; they were 
 fent over hind to Peterlburgh. The officers of the 
 other vefl'el being on fhore they put to lea, and as 
 there was no perlbn on board that could navigate the 
 veffel, Ihe was never afterwards feen or heard of* As 
 they now had got poffeffion of my charts and journals, 
 the Spaniih commodore intended to fend the St. Carlos j 
 captain Arrow, to the northward as foon as they <^uld 
 get her bottom cleaned and her fides caulked. Cap* 
 tain Kenclrick was likewife ready for fea, and he was 
 going to pulh to the northward. My people were 
 after me every hour of the day, requefting 1 would 
 lign the papers, that they might get on board their own 
 veflel. Although the commodore had promifed to 
 fupply me with what he thought would be neceffary 
 to carry me to the Sandwich Iflands, and made this 
 promife before Mr. How and Mr. Ingraham, ftill 
 there was no dependance to be put on his wordj 
 however on the 26th this paper was once more pro- 
 duced. The Portuguefe captain Viana faid it Was a 
 pafs for him, and figned the paper. I was under the 
 neceffity of doing the fame. At eleven o'clock on 
 the twenty- (ixth I carried my people on board, and 
 took poffeffion of the Iphigenia Nubiana. I was not 
 above half an hour on board when a meffage came, 
 that I was wanted on board the Princeffa. When I 
 went on board, I was told by Don Jofeph Stephen 
 Martinez (in the prefence of Mr. Ingraham) that, al- 
 though he had given me back the Iphigenia Nubiana, 
 he would not permit me to fail till the arrival of the 
 fchooner N. W. America, and that I muft fell her to 
 hiiji for the price that captain Kendrick and officers 
 Ihould fet on her. I told him the fchooner did not 
 belong to me ; that I had no power to fell her ; that 
 he might adt as he thought proper on the occafion. 
 In the afternoon the Spaniards left the Ihip, each car- 
 rying off what he could lay his hands on. 
 
 May 27th. Cloudy weather, with the wind from 
 
 M 
 
 H 
 
 the 
 
1* 
 
 ( so ) 
 
 the W. ; loofed the fails to dry ; employed heaving 
 put the fand ballad. In the evening the commodore 
 acquainted me he had intelligence from the natives 
 that the fchooner was in a port a little way to the 
 Northward. He got out fome ink and paper, and re- 
 quefted 1 would write a letter to captain Funter to 
 come into Nootka Sound. This I would not comply 
 with, fo that he refuted to fend my llores, or any of 
 his own, on board me. 
 
 28th. Frelh breezes and fair weather; employed 
 fitting the rigging in its old places. 
 
 2^h. On the 29th I made out a lift of what ar- 
 ticles I was in want of; I defired the Portuguefe cap- 
 tain to write it off and prefent it, as my chief demand 
 was one cable of eleven inch, bread, fome pitch and 
 tar, together with forty fathoms of four inch rope for 
 top* fail Iheets, and the rope that was woven when the 
 veiTel was in their poiTeffion. The commodore fent 
 me word he would let me have what things he thought 
 neceflary, and what he could beft fpare, fo that 1 re- 
 ceived on board the following articles : viz. one cafk 
 of beef for three cafks of Sandwich Ifland pork that 
 was kept, four bags weighing each 2olb. one box of 
 bread, weighing about 1501b. ; two bags of rice, four 
 of beans, eight ditto of flour, one cheft of pitch, 
 one bladder of tar, and one eighteen-gallon keg of 
 Spanifh brandy ; rope of three inch, eighteen fa- 
 thoms ; one coil of one and an half inch, containing 
 fifty fathoms, and thirty fathoms of two inch. The 
 reft of the cordage and other things were wove and 
 fent on board when I was a prifoner. 
 
 May 30th. Employed rigging the top gallant mafts. 
 In the afternoon dfi account of the articles we had re- 
 ceived was brought on board, charging five times the 
 quantity and five times the fum they coft ; in fhort, 
 I was going to return moft of them, but I found if 
 I returned any I muft return the whole. As I had 
 made no charge againft him of my pork, iron, cop- 
 }'er, watch, ftove, fedtant, my cloaks, caps, and 
 charts, which he had deprived me of; on this ac- 
 count I granted him the bills he requefted. There 
 
 . -. was 
 
 tl 
 fl 
 
 t»F <|r« jN 
 
aving 
 odore 
 atives 
 o the 
 nd re- 
 nter to 
 )mply 
 my of 
 
 :)loyed 
 
 lat ar- 
 e cap- 
 emand 
 h and 
 )pe for 
 en the 
 re fent 
 lought 
 It 1 re- 
 
 e, four 
 
 
 pitch, 
 keg of 
 en fa- 
 
 tain in g 
 
 
 . The 
 
 
 )ve and 
 
 
 t mafts. 
 
 
 had re- 
 
 
 lics the 
 
 
 fhoit. 
 
 
 )und if 
 
 
 I had 
 
 
 n, cop- 
 )S, and 
 
 
 his ac- 
 
 
 There 
 
 
 was 
 
 \ 
 
 
 
 ( s. ) 
 
 was another thing I was obliged to comply with ; my 
 fervant being a Manilla man, by great promifes he 
 got him to enter on board the Princefla. — I was there- 
 fore under the neceflity of difcharging him, and pay- 
 ing his wages up to the day he was difcharged, 
 
 "/J 
 
 May 31ft. As I was determined to be detained no 
 longer, I went on board in the morning of the 31ft, 
 and acquainted Don Stephen Jofeph Martinez, that 
 the moment the wind favoured me, I would fail for 
 the Sandwich Iflands. I found there were objedtions 
 made. — The commodore acquainted me, he had in- 
 formation, and was told I intended to go the north- 
 ward. As I had taken great care not to give the 
 leaft hint to any perfon of my future intentions, I 
 jnentioned, that whoever he was that told him fo, 
 could not be fo well acquainted with the flate of my 
 veflel as he was himfelf ; that by his own calculation 
 I h .'I not above fix weeks' provifions ; that he had 
 on ■ T' u me 10 or 12 bars of iron, which would only 
 purcnafe me as many fea otter fkins, and if I was 
 even to difpofe of them, the confequence would be 
 but fmall ; we ihould only be ftarved before we got 
 to Macao, as he had left us nothing elfe to purchafe 
 our hogs with at the Sandwich Iflands ; befides he 
 had not left a chart to carry me to China, let alone 
 along the coafts of America. My people, I told him, 
 were on higli wages, and that it was neceflary for me 
 to make the befl of my way to Macao, having no 
 other profpedt but to leflen the expences of the voy- 
 age as much as lay in my power. I gave 
 June ifl. orders to unmoor, and requefted he would 
 let me have my great guns, fmall arms, and 
 ammunition ; which he complied with. Captuin Ken- 
 drick and officers having come down from Moweena, 
 they acquainted me the Coluniba would fail the day 
 following to the northward. Another paper was pro- 
 duced, which the commodore requefted I would fign, 
 and be witnefled by captain Kendrick and Mr. Ingra- 
 ham ; the contents of this paper they told mc was,, if 
 my Portuguefe papers were bad, the velfcl was to be 
 delivered up at Macao. It was eafy to fee through 
 » H 2 thofe 
 
( s^ ) 
 
 I 
 
 thofe artifices. I (igned the paper after the Portu- 
 ^uefe captain, and requefted a copy, but thjs was not 
 complied with, A djnner being provided on board 
 the Princelia, every method was made ufe of by cap- 
 tain Kendrick and others, to find out if 1 intended 
 to touch to the northward. I gave them the fame an- 
 fwers as before, telling them I had no intention to 
 throw away the lives of my people. On this day they 
 drank my health, wilhmg me a good voyage to Ma- 
 cao, and accompanied it with thirteen gups. As 
 foon as dinner was over 1 went on board, accon^- 
 panied by captain Kendrick and ofFiccrs, and the 
 Spanilh commodore. A light breeze fpringing up 
 from the riorthward, I gave orders to get under way. 
 The commodore told me I muft leave a letter fqr 
 captain Funter, if he Ihould arrive in Nootka Sound, 
 to fell the fchooner. I acquainted him, captain 
 Funter iior myfelf had neither power nor authority 
 to fell the fchooner ; that J would write a letter and 
 leave it with him to be delivered in cafe of his return- 
 ing to Nootka Sound. I ll^all here infcrt a copy of 
 the letter I left, 
 
 fo captain Robert Funter, commander of the fchooner 
 North Weft America. 
 " Sir, 
 " On the 6th of May, a Spanifh fliip of war a^:- 
 ** rived in Friendly Cove, Nootka Sound, command- 
 ^* ed by commodore Don Stephen Jofeph Martinez; 
 *' on the i3rh the fnow St. Carlos arrived ; oii the 
 " morning of the 14th the Iphigenia Nubiana was 
 ** feized, and we were made prifoners, it being al- 
 ^' ledgeci our papers were not good. This being 
 " cleared up, t am now permitted to fail to Macao, 
 " being fuppjied with {lores and provifions to carry 
 *' me tq the Sandwich Iflands. As there is no ac- 
 " count of captain Mears, I am afraid feme accident 
 ^* h^s happened to him between the Sandwich Iflands 
 and China ; if that is the cafe, you will be but 
 poorly off for* provifions. My own fituation pre- 
 vents me from giving you any aliiftance ; I muft 
 *J therefore leave you to your own good condu(fV, 
 
 ' [' being 
 
 (( 
 
 tc 
 
 i( 
 
Si 
 
 < 53 ) ; . 
 
 •' being as much at a lofs how to aft as you can 
 be. All that 1 have to fay is, you will a&. to the 
 bell of your judgment for the benefit of your em- 
 ployers. 
 
 Iphigenia Nublana, ^ "I am, &c. 
 
 Friendly Cove, Nootka f '' Wm. DOUGLAS." 
 
 Sound, I June 1789. J 
 
 The moment I had finiflied my letter I gave orders 
 to flip the hawfer, and made fail out of the Cove, 
 the fort on Little Hog Ifland faluting me with five 
 ^uns, which I begged to be excufed returning. At 
 3 P. M. the Spanilh comm.odore and captain Kend- 
 rick left me and went on Ihore. As the wind was 
 from the northward, I Hood to the fouthward under 
 all fail; at fun-fet Nootka Sound bore N. half W. 
 
 diftance feven or eight leagues. Having 
 June 2d. got out of the hands of my enemies, I was 
 
 now at liberty to judge for myfelf, know- 
 ing it would be a length of time before the Spaniards 
 could have their fnovv ready which they intended to 
 fend to the northward, and being of opinion they 
 would not permit captain Kendrick to fail before flie 
 was ready, the interval was therefore mine. I had 
 no idea of running for Macao, with only between 
 fixty and feven ty fea otter fkins which I had on 
 board. My people had been accuftomed to fliort 
 allowance, I therefore gave orders at midnight to put 
 the fliip on the other tack, and (land away to the 
 northward. 1 was in great hopes I fliould fall in with 
 captain Funter, and I am fully refolved if I do, to 
 take the people and cargo out of her, and fet her on 
 fire, if I find I cannot carry her along with me. At 
 noon we had thick hazy weather; Nootka Sound bore 
 NE. half E. diftance fourtee|i leagues. 
 
 No. 13, 
 
( 54 ) 
 
 ♦ '-1 ..--'■ '» 
 
 -;rN 
 
 « i -, .» ,' l' « 
 
 'w,:," .. 
 
 . ^ :{.'.> 
 
 ti 
 
 No. 13. 
 
 Copies of Letters from Mr. Duffin to 
 
 Mr. Mears. '"" ' 
 
 ' ' ■ ■ ■ , 
 
 In Mr, Mears's Memorial of ^oth Jpril, 1790. (No. i).) 
 
 Dear Sir, * Nootka Sound, July 12th, 1789, 
 
 I BEG to inform you, per favour of Mr. Barnetr, 
 with our fafe arrival in Nootka Sound, after a 
 pleafant paflfage of nine weeks and four days, during 
 which time nothing material happened. We lived 
 in the greateft harmony and good friendlhip donng 
 the time we have been together, and every thing pro- 
 mifed fair for a continuation of the fame ; every officer 
 on board feeming ftrenuous for their employers* inte- 
 reft. We made the coaft of America, July 3d, at 
 Woody Point, and flood along Ihore under eafy fail 
 during the night. In the morning feveral natives 
 came off, with the reft Counna Kcelah (that was 
 bi^ought by you from Macao to Nootka) from him 
 we learnt there were five vefTels in Friendly Cove, but 
 could not learn of what nation they were ; however 
 he informed us they had captured the North Wefl 
 American fchooner, commanded by Mr. Funter. We 
 immediately conjectured that the vefTels were fome 
 belonging to Mr. Etches, and the American fhip and 
 iloop. We made all the fail we could, intending to 
 get in that night if pofEble. On our nearing the 
 found, we faw a floop coming out, which we were 
 informed was the Princefs Royal, belonging to our 
 concern. We then had not the leafl doubt but there 
 were fbme of Mr. Etches' vefTels in the cove. When 
 we were about two miles from the entrance of the 
 found, we faw a boat coming towards us ; it was then 
 between nine and ten o'clock, fo that we could not 
 difccrn of what country they were. They hailed us 
 in Spanifh ; and afked if they might be permitted to 
 ' ' come 
 
to 
 
 9) 
 
 ( 55 ) 
 
 come on board. They were anfwered in the affirma- 
 tive ; on which they came alongfide, and the officer, 
 with feveral other gentlemen, flepped up. We found 
 the former to be the Spanilh Commodore ; thofe who 
 accompanied him were of his (hip. After having 
 welcomed them on board, ca^nain Colnett aiked them 
 down in the great cabin ; what their converfation was 
 there I am unacquainted with; but captain Colnett 
 foon told me his intention was to go into Friendly 
 Cove, and the Spanilh launch took us in tow accor- 
 dingly. About ten minutes after this, came on board 
 Mr. Barnett, whom I diredtly introduced to captain 
 Colnett, who informed him that there was a Spanifli 
 frigate of 26 guns, and a fnow of 16 lying in the 
 Cove, as alfo the American ihip and floop ; that the 
 former had eredled a fort on Hog ifland, on which 
 16 guns were mounted, and had taken poffeffion of 
 the Sound in the name of his moft Catholic majefty, 
 Carolus the 3d, king of Spain ; that they had captured 
 the fchooner, and plundered the Iphigenia Nubiana, 
 but had permitted captain Hudfon to proceed without 
 any molellation. As che commodore heard this intel- 
 ligence, he immediately gave captain Colnett his 
 word and honour that he would not offer to detain 
 him, but give him every affillance in his power, in 
 doing which, he only complied with the king of 
 Spain's orders. Under thefe circumftances, and de- 
 pending on his honour, captain Colnett entered the 
 Cove, and brought up between the frigate and fnow, 
 though I muft add, that Mr. Barnett, with others of 
 our well-wi(hers, advifed us to anchor without fide the 
 Cove, that we might take a view of the furrounding 
 objed:s in the morning. Every thing that night, and 
 the next morning, feemed to wear a favourable afpc(fV, 
 no obftacle arifing that might flop our departure. In 
 the afternoon captain Colnett went on board the com- 
 modore's (hip, and requefted his permiffion to go to 
 fea immediately, which at firft was granted, but on 
 fecond coniideration, the commodore dclired to fee 
 his papers. Captain Colnett left the commodore and 
 came on board of his own veffel, where, after having 
 put on the company's uniform, and his. hanger, he 
 
 took 
 
- ( 56 ) 
 
 took his papers on board the commodore. He was 
 Then informed by that gentleman, that he could not 
 fail that day, on which fome high words enfued be- 
 tween them, and captain Colnett infilled on going out 
 immediately, which he faid he would do unlefs the 
 commodore fired a fliot at him ; if fo, he would then 
 haul down his colours, and deliver himfelf up a pri- 
 foner. Hardly had he uttered this, but he was put 
 under an arreft, his fword taken from him, the veilel 
 feized, and the officers and crew taken our, and fent 
 prifoners, fome on board the fhip, and the reft on 
 board of the fnow;*^ut what is moft particular, he 
 defired captain Kendrick to load his guns with fliot, 
 to take a veflel that had only two fwivels mounted, fo 
 that it was impoffible to make any refiftance againft 
 fuch fuperiority ; indeed it would have been mad- 
 nefs to have attempted it. The commodore's 
 palTion now began to abate a little, and he fent for 
 me from the St. Carlos, where 1 was imprifoned. 
 When I came to him, he feemcd to profefs a very- 
 great friendlbip for me, and appeared to be exceeding 
 forry for what he faid his officers compelled him to do. 
 He declared to me, that he had given Captain Colnett 
 permiffion to depart, and would have affifted him all in 
 his power, but that Captain Colnett infifted on erect- 
 ing a fort oppofite his ; faid he reprefented the King of 
 Great Britain, and that he came to take polfeffion in 
 his Britannic Majefty*s name. The Spaniard quoted 
 the fame, and faid he was reprefentative of his moft 
 Catholic Majefty the King of Spain ; but I have every 
 reafon to fufpcdt there was a mifunderftanding between 
 the two parties, for the linguift fpoke Engliffi very 
 imperfeflly, and in all likelihood interpreted as many 
 words wrong as right. This is as particular and im- 
 partial account of the above tranfadion as it is in my 
 power to relate ; but as this will be accompanied by 
 Mclfrs. Funter and Barnett, who are permitted to take 
 their pafTage in the American fliip, and who were eye- 
 witneifes of every tranfadtion, it will enable them to 
 explain every particular concerning it, more expii'-iily 
 than I am able to do in writing. Since our being 
 captured Captain Colnett has been in a high ftate of 
 ... infanity 
 
( 57 ^ 
 
 infanity ; fometimes he ftarts, at other tirpes he afks 
 how lonf; he has to live, who is to be his executioner, 
 what death be is to be put to, with all fuch delirious 
 cxprefTions, accompanied by a number of fimple ac- 
 tions, which induces me, and every other perfon who 
 fees him, to believe his brain is turned, owing to the 
 great charge that was under his care ; and I am forry 
 to add, that he has not fortitude enough, in this criti- 
 cal and difagreeable fituation, to fupport this unex- 
 pected ftroke. He has delivered me his inftrudtions 
 and the South Sea Company's grant, and rcquefts I 
 will ad: in his name. I have endeavoured to convince 
 the Spaniards, had we known this place had been 
 taken pofleffion of by the King of Spain, we would 
 not on any confideration have come near it. 1 have 
 jikewife wiihed to perfuade him to perufe the South 
 Sea Company's grant, and our inftrudions, which he 
 refufes, and tells me it would avail nothing now to do 
 it, as his officers infill on his going on with what he 
 acknowledges he too ralhly and haftily began, ^nd 
 without deliberating what hereafter might be the con- 
 fequence. He defired me to inclofe the grant and our 
 inftruftions in his prefence; he took and put a fmall 
 pote with them, and afterwards fealed it with his own 
 lignet. He put it under my care, defiring that I 
 would deliver it to the viceroy of Mexico. The vef- 
 fel is going to St. Bias, a fettlement they have in the 
 lat. of 21** 30' N. on the coaft of California, where we 
 are going, to determine whether we are a prize to the 
 King of Spain or not ; if we are not, as we have every 
 reafon to exped, (he will be delivered up, with every 
 thing in her, and be anfwerable for all damages re- 
 ceived, or (lores deficient, fince his making a prize of 
 us; but this undoubtedly will be fettled between the 
 ^vvo crowns. 
 
 Captain Colnctt, myfelf, Mr. Temple, and Reid, the 
 carpenter, are permitted to remain on board the Argo- 
 naut. Mr. Hanfon on lioard the commodore's ihip, 
 and Mr. Gibfon and Ludlow on board of the Spanilh 
 Ihow. 
 
 From what I can learn at prefent, all the Engliih- 
 mcn are to be fent in the Argonaut to St. Bias, and 
 
 \ preparations 
 
( 58 ) 
 
 preparations are now making to accommodate us in 
 that veflcl. They have alio built cabins between 
 decks for the feamen, where they are to be confined in 
 irons during; the night, but fuffered to walk out in the 
 day. The officers, I believe, are alfo to be ufed in the 
 like manner. I am at prefent in pofleflion of my 
 cabin, as are alfo the reft of us, and the commodore 
 behaves with great civility, by obliging us in every 
 liberty that can be expected as prifoners. Whatever 
 deficiency may be left concerning our prefent tranf- 
 adtions will be explained to you in its true light by 
 Mr. Funter or Barnet : for I confefs that I am very 
 unhappy, unfettled, uneafy, and, in ihort, feel every 
 anxiety that is the companion of a perfon involved in 
 fo difagreeable a (ituation as 1 am. 
 I am. 
 
 Dear Sir, 
 
 • Your*s moft obediently, 
 
 (Signed) B. DUFFIN. 
 
 P. S. I am forry to inform you that the Spaniards 
 have taken the chief part of our copper, all our guqs, 
 ihot, and powder, with the fpare canvafs, &c. The 
 former he means to trade with, as I am informed he 
 fends his furs to Macao by Captain JCendrick, who 
 alfo trades for him on fliares. 
 
 * To Captain John Mears. ' 
 
 . Dear Sir, Nootka Sound, July 13th, 1789. 
 
 Captain Colnett has been in fuch a ftate of infanity 
 ever fince the veflcl has been captured by the Spa- 
 niards, that we are obliged to confine him to his cabin. 
 He yefterday morning jumped out of the cabin win- 
 dov. , and it was with great difficulty his life was faved. 
 His conftant cry is that he is condemned to be hanged. 
 Ifinc^icly hope for his fpeedy recovery, but am ap- 
 prchciifive he never will recover his former fenfes 
 again. I underftand from the boy Ruflel, that it is a 
 family diforder, and that they all have fymptoms 
 of madnefs, more or lefs. I have written the whole 
 tranfadion concerning our being captured, &c. pre- 
 vioully to this, as minutely as at prefent circum- 
 
 '^ fiances 
 
 
in 
 [een 
 in 
 
 the 
 the 
 
 ( 59 ) 
 
 ftahces will permit, for I am apprehenfive, if I am 
 feen writing, they will take my book, paper, pens, 
 ink, &c. from me, fo that whatever 1 have written is 
 by ftealth ; but Mr. Barnett has been fo obliging as 
 to afiift me as much as lay in his power to do ir. 
 Gihfon was feen v/iiting one day, and they imme- 
 diately took the paper and ink from him, and told 
 him prifoners had no bufinefs to write. Wc are to- 
 morrow to fail for St. Bias, with all our officers and 
 feamcn, both Englilh and Portuguefe, except thofe 
 that have entered with the Spaniards. They have 
 taken of our (lores to themfclves, all our pitch, 
 
 tar, canvas, twine, fome provifions of all kinds, our 
 guns, ammunition, the chief of our copper, and many 
 other articles that we were not acquainted with. All 
 the officers being prifoners, fome on board one veflel, 
 and fome on board the other, we have great expec- 
 tations that the veflel will be delivered up at St. Bias. 
 The commodore promifes me if fhe is, every thing 
 that he has taken to himfelf (hall be replaced at that 
 port ; but there has been a number of things taken 
 out of the ve(rel by theft, that he knows nothing of; 
 neverthelefs, it any, and the ve(rel is returned, they 
 muft undoubtedly make it good ; but you. Sir, and 
 the reft of our employers muft bfj great fuflferers, as it 
 has fruftrated all our expectations. Had not we met 
 with this misfortune, there were ftrong appearances 
 of our procuring a great quantity of furs, as the 
 Americans have no copper to purchafe with, fo that 
 the natives referve all their prime (kms expe^ing a 
 copper fhip. 
 
 If our veflTel is delivered up to us, our ftores, trade, 
 &c. returned, you may reft a(rured I will do all that is 
 in my power for the bene(it of my employers, and the 
 captain remains in this ftate ofinfanity; if he reco- 
 vers, he will undoubtedly do the fame. I can fay 
 nothing more, but beg you will prefent my compli- 
 ments to all enquiring friends, and remain, ' - 
 ' Dear Sir, ' 
 Your's, moft obediently, 
 (Signed) . B. DUFFIN. 
 To Captain Jo^nMears. v = -^ 
 
 I 2 Dear 
 
( 6o ) 
 
 Oear Sir, Nootka Sound, July 14th 1789. 
 
 Yerterday at 2 ?. M. a fail was feen in the offing, 
 coming round Breaker's Point from the fouthward, 
 (landing into the lound : as Ihe ncarcd the ihore, we 
 perceived her to be the (loop Princefs Royal, captain 
 Hudfon. At 7 Ihc came to an anchor about two or 
 three miles from the cove, and captain Hudfon him- 
 felf came into the cove in his boat, with four of his 
 people, when inllantly as he made his appearance in 
 the cove, the Spanilli boat boarded him, and took 
 him and his people on board the commodore as pri- 
 foners. His motive for coming in, from what I could 
 learn from himfclf, was to fee if captain Colnett was 
 there, in order to receive his orders how he was to pro- 
 ceed in future. Whether captain Hudfon's conduft 
 in this proceeding is blameable or not, I leave to your 
 fuperior judgment. 
 
 We are now out of the cove in the mouth 
 
 of the found, and are pofuively to fail to-morrow 
 morning for St. Bias. The floop is towed into the 
 cove within all the fliipping; and the Spaniards from 
 every appearance, have finally captured her. 
 
 Captain Hudfon feems very much hurt from his 
 misfortune, and candidly declares that it is entirely 
 from his own (implicity, and being too credulous of 
 the Spaniard's honour, that has brought him into this 
 dil^greeable dilemma. 
 
 Captain Colnett is much better to-day, and in 
 general difcourles very rationally. I have endea- 
 voured to perfuade him to draw out every particular 
 concerning our being captured, to fend to his em- 
 ployers, which herefufes : his objecStlon is, that he has 
 involved himfeif and every one elfe in difficulties that 
 he is not able to extricate himfeif from, and there- 
 fore declares to me that he will have no more concern 
 with the charge of the veflel, but leaves every thing 
 entirely to me, which I have, but mod reluctantly, 
 complied with, knowing that I cannot acquit myfelf 
 with fatisfadion to mjdelf, nor undoubtedly more fo 
 to my employers. Neverthelefs, if the veflel is de- 
 livered up at St. Bias, as the commodore gives me 
 every reafon to hope that ihe will, I will endeavour, 
 
 to. 
 
( 6i ) ■ 
 
 to tlie utmod \i\ my power, to do every thing in mf 
 power that may be any ways beneficial to my em- 
 ployers. 
 
 The commodore wanted captain Colnett to fcM all 
 his copper to him, and he'd give him bills for the 
 as he valued it, which captain Colnett had 
 complied with ; but I objected, as I thought if his 
 orders tolerated him to capture the veffel, they would 
 undoubtedly tolerate him to capture the cargo like- 
 wife. We are deficient in a great deal of copper, as 
 I mentioned in my former, but Mr. Barnett will be 
 able to inform you, I imagine, where it goes to. 
 
 Accompanying this, I fend under the care of Mr. 
 Barnett a copy of my journal from Macao, wherein 
 you will find the principal occurrences that have hap- 
 pened to us fmce our departure. I have nothing 
 more to add ; neiiher have I opportunity to do it, 
 the veflel being continually crowded with people 
 from different ihips, fo beg you will prefent my 
 compliments to Mr. M*lntire, and every other gentle- 
 man in Macao ; and remain, - -. 
 
 Dear Sir, 
 Molt obediently your's, 
 
 B. DUFFIN. 
 
 To Captain John Mears. 
 
 
 No. 14. 
 
( «3 ) 
 
 O 
 
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 ■ No. 15. • ":V 
 
 INVENTORY of the Goleta, the 
 Property of Don Juan Cawallo and 
 Company, of Macao. 
 
 In Mr,Mears'sMemortalofthe ^oth April 1 790, (No, 11.) 
 
 Tranflated from 1 INVENTORY, taken by Order of the 
 theSpanifh. J Commandant Don Stephen Jofeph 
 Martinez, oftheHull, Marts, Tackle, 
 Stores, Neceflaries, and Articles, be- 
 longing to the Veflel (la Goleta) be- 
 ing the Property of Don Juan Cawal- 
 lo and Company, of Macao, which 
 is at Anchor in the River of this Port, 
 and is as follows, viz. 
 
 Firft.T TER hull rotten, eaten through by the worm, 
 X J. as appears by the furvey made by the maf- 
 
 ters carpenter and caulker Ferdinand Campu- 
 
 fano and Francis Jofeph de Caftro, upon the 
 
 fir ft and following page 
 And her main-r;iaft, fore-maft, and boltfprit, without 
 
 top-mafls or poles 
 And two hooks for fore-maft and main-maft 
 And the tackle for both mafts, which being of hemp 
 
 can only ferve for oakum or tow, being rotten 
 And her rudder or helm, ferviceable 
 And her binnacle, with a compafs 
 And a fmall iron anchor 
 And a with two pieces of cable, from 
 
 40 braces long, for cables of mid41e dimen- 
 
 iions braces 
 
 And two larger ones 
 And two fore-fails 
 And one round-fail 
 And one top-fail 
 And one Togue 
 
 And 
 
( 64 ) 
 
 And fome pieces of old cable 
 
 And fix iron guns, .caliber 2 
 
 And fix gun carriages^ 20 balls of 2, and 20 dit|;Q 
 
 fmaller 
 And three copper fwivel guns, widi their keys 
 And one ditto, without key 
 And five mufquets with bayonets, and 300 balls 
 And fix piftols - ;> 
 
 And half cunete of fine gunpowder, which is fuppofed 
 
 to weigh an arroba * , 
 
 And another ditto of common p;nnpowder 
 And 160 fhort iron fwords, of a fmall palm in length, 
 
 and four fingers breadth. 
 And 10 coopers hatchets 
 And 20 carpenters ditto . 
 
 or ingots 
 
 And 10 flips of the iron called platina, which 
 
 computed 
 
 are fuppofed to weigh two quintals 
 And 78 ihort pieces of iron, computed to weigh one 
 
 quintal 
 And three large iron bars, about one brace in length", 
 
 8 inches breadth, and 6 inches in thicknefs, which 
 
 ferved inftead of ballaft, and computed to weigh 
 
 699lbs. 
 And 13 fmall water cafks 
 And I ditto for a provifion of water 
 And I barrel of pork 
 And 2 ditto empty, all in pieces 
 And 8 old fmall pewter difhes, fome of them broken 
 And I iron pot of cafl iron, frying-pan and ftew-pan 
 
 of ditto 
 
 La Gclcta. 
 
 On board the velfel at anchor in the river of this 
 port of St. Lawrence of Nootka, nth June 
 1789 — Jofeph Tovar and Tamariz, Robert 
 Fiinrer, Thomas Barnet, 
 
 Raphael de f^anizarcs. 
 
 This is a literal copy of the original, triplicates 
 whereof were figned by the above-mentioned perfons, 
 and v.hich Vs left in my care to tranfmit to H. E. the 
 
 viceroy 
 
 ' . ^, * About f.vcr.ty elglit pounds, 
 
( 65 ) 
 
 Viceroy of New Spain, for his fuperior determination. 
 Dated as above : 
 
 Raphael de Canizares. 
 
 T Don Stephen Jofeph Mardnez, eniign of the Ihip 
 belonging to the royal navy, a,iA commander in chief 
 of the veffels of his Catholic Majefty upon this coaft, 
 and in the port of St Lawrence at Nootka, do declare. 
 That I have received from capt. D" Robert Funter and 
 pilot D" Thomas Barnet, every article contained in the 
 preceding inventory, as being the property of Dn John 
 Cawallo and C° of Macao until the determination of his 
 excy. the viceroy of New Spain, to whom I have given 
 an account by this date for his fuperior orders ; and, 
 at the requeft of the faid concerned, I gave the prefent 
 receipt on board this frigate, the Princefs, under my 
 command, in the port of Saint Lawrence of Nootka 
 13th July 1789. 
 
 STEPHEN JOSEPH MARTINEZ.