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Maps, plates, charts, etc., may be filmed at different reduction ratios. Those too large to be entirely included in one exposure are filmed beginning in the upper left hand corner, left to right and top to bottom, as many frames as required. The following diagrams illustrate the method: Les cartes, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent dtre film^s d des taux de reduction diff^rents. Lorsque le document est trop grand pour dtre reproduit en un seul clich6, il est film6 d partir de I'angle sup^rieur gauche, de gauche d droite, et de haut en bas, en prenant le nombre d'images ndcessaire. Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la mdthode. r errata d to It le pelure, ;on d n 1 2 3 32X 1 2 3 4 5 6 A s A Y ^ ^ y RAILWAY MONOPOLY: cc LETTERS AnOKKSSKI) T(i TTIK Toi?-oisrTo HVCa-ul/' BY F, BEIZERLEY RCIBERTSGN AND- rri Effects of Monopoly, Prom the ''Manitoba Sun," NOW IIEPUULISHKI) \\\ 1 HK CONSERVATIVE ANTI-DISALLOV/ANCE ASSOCIATION. SKE SYNCfP!.? WI-^H.'M. WlNNH'Kii: Manithua Sun I^rivtinc asd I'vm.'.swwc. CoMrwy. 1887. Tl RAILWAY MONOPOLY: LETTERS » llHKKSSKIi 1(1 rilf. ^ "' To:E^ols^TO 3sd:-A.iL, BY' J I B E \Z E R L E Y R D H E RT S D N \M. THf-: Effects of Monopoly From the 'Manitoba Sun," .NOW MKiTiihlsHKh \\\ l]]}] CONSERVATIVE ANTl DISALLOWANCE ASSOCIATION, 3JiESyN0Pr^lS WITHIN. W INMl,K(,; Maxituhv MS I'Kivriv,; \m, |'c hush is,, Comi'xs',. ISS7. r-. p- ->>PKKK;fln^(mYTNO^rK.' =- '\'\\c i()ll()win,i,^ letters were a(l(ire,ss(;(l to The 'I'oroiito Mail at the vvi\uv<<\ of the (,.()ii.ser\ati\ e Anti-1 )isall()war.cc Associa- noii of \Vinnii)..^g. '!hey ar- now isstied t)\ that Association in pamphlet torm, in ih<- earnest hoi)e that their (;ar(;rtil pertisal ma\ help to remov(^ certain widely-pre-valent misconcei)tions ot tacts which are helievt'd to operate \'rv injuriously to the mter- csis ol Canada as a whol<'. \Vritt( i, amid the hurry and pres- sure of professional work, their .luihor claims for them no lit(;rar\ merit. I'articular attention is reciuesied to thr article from The Manito1)a Sun on the "I'.ffecls ot M< Miopoly." SYNOPSIS. So, I. 'lilt (.' I' l>. (olii|»iin> i>^n-i il to Imilii anl opcnite tlieii' Inn' ii-if/iniif a iiKiiiojxiiy ill old Maiiitoiia. 'I'lii-i is iirovi'il : I'ar. I. liy till W'pnis <>! tin.' (.uiitlaet. r.ir. .">. \\\ Sii .liiliii Mauiloiialtl'.H (ItKiliii ■ atiuiis (III till llooi of I'ailianicnl. I'ar. .f. 7. Uy til'-' ahseiic'i ol' any appliea- tioii to the F.ooal Lt;gi:slatui nt' .Manitoha fi-r \t> assent tlirrito. I'ar. N. Hy the reriiis <>i the Act oxti inl- ine tlif lioiin(laii''t* lit .Maiiit"lia. .\. B.--See iilsd \oiiiinion policy in onUi to develop iiiterproviiu'ial trade, etc. 0|iiiiion of Winnipc;,' I'oMi'i nf Trade. N<|. 111.- Ohjection.s anywered : 'i'liere is no "diKaliouancf" cliiiisc in the (.'. r, K. I'oiitract. I'ar. 1. i»isallo\van< <; is //o^ necessary to k"eep faith either with the C. I', i;. or with foreign capitii lists. I'ar. -. \ c-oiiipt'tiiiji line would not .any oUirail<' to t)u I'nited States. U would Coster trade Iwtueeti the Ndrthwest /ind the Kastern l'io\- iiices*. Ontario and <^ii"'liei' are (■(|iially inti'i'estcd with the North west in ohtiiiniiii; it. Sir di.hn .Maedonald's s than nothint'. 8J0,t)0<),- f. RAILW A.Y MONOPOLY. I. r fl To THK Kmicik tiK riu: Maii.; SiK,--! iiavfi lM'»'n rfi| nested t)y *.liu Con- HCivativi' Aiiti DiHuliowancf A-'Hociiitioii of \Viiiiii|R'g t(» vsritc V(Mi tor tlir ])iiii)Ortc of lemoviii^u most injiirioiiH iiiisi'oiic^'plion of f(i(.'t, whicli your f>tiiLiwiHc al)le ivitu;lt's on tlli.-i !Ul>jt^rt of tilt; l.Stll ;iMil 'Jlst ilist. ll.lVt U teiidciu'V to tliHSciiiiiuite tiixl coiilirni. in l)otli of tlipno iirtiflcH you asMiiine that, tin- lU'SHUtion of uf of l(u;al railway i;liartt'r8 in NJ.inicol)ii would amount to a breach of ttl)ro>;ation of one of tlie toriuH of tlifc contract Uttwecn lit r Majt-ty and tlu' ('. P. R. ayndiraU'. Tliis is not the fact, and 1 am dcsii'od to lies,' you most ear- neatly to do your utmost to it'tnove tlic imjneMaion that it in the fact. While .such a niisi onooption ohtain.s, many honor alile m«n w ill look \\\>nu every attempt to stop diyallo\vanr(! aw immuiiil, and will re.so- lutely stop tiii'ir ears to ever_\ argumiMit against it. tliouj.;ii ba.-ieil upon liie HtiongeHt ;;round.s of puidir potwy. Tiie fiicts of the inatttM' are tlu'se, ; I. By rheii' 'jontriut with ller Hajesty. ratified l^y tlir Parliament ot <*;uiada, the ('. P. R. (ompauy hound tiuinselNes to t:on- struct and for a certain time o/h rn'i' ( < »•'// ni n Iom) the transcontinental line; that i-om- |)any so houml tlicmMclves for ceitain valu- alile eon.siertor'n their great work. 'J. One (^f those terms was what is known ;is the "monopoly clause." H. That moiu)poly clause did provide for a monopoly in tlu- North we.st Territories. 4. // '//"(/' lutt /ifdrii/i I'tir II innnaiiul If in I III I'roi'inril of' Miiiiitiiliii, ami the contract- ing parties w.-re perfectly svell aware of this at tiie time the contract was made. It is \tivy easy toshow this fnnn the words of tiie contract itself. They aie ; "For "JO years from tiie date hereof no line of railway shall he authorized by the Ihnniiiion pn rl'iiiii<< u' to be construr-tril south of the (". P. II. from any point at ov near the ('. P. R., except such line shall run S. W. or W. of S. W.. nor within 1;") miles of latitude 4f(. And in the e8tabli.shment of any uiic iirorhia' in the Northwest Tt-rritories provision shall be made fur . ontiniiiutr sucli piojiibition. etc. |('lause l,'ionpag<^ l*J ot Donnsiion atatiitei of'SO-SI.I .\lar.itoba A'as then an ixi'-tlmj proviu'-e, clothed with all the powers of a provim-e under tlu; H. N. A. Act to charter railway lines within its own bonlerH. That this fa 't was piesent to the ndnds of the makers of thi' contrai't at the time of making it, is manifest fiom Mn,' care taken to provule for the iMse of any i)i n- province. Yet, in full view of this fact no provision of any kind was inserted in the contract, nor was any attempt uuide to establish monopoly in .Manitoba. In other woitls Manitoba was delibeiiitoly left free, lint wt; have not lo rely on the words of the contra(.'t alone. ."). .' ir .lolin .Mai (lonaid and the Hon. Thomas W hite hoth distinctly declared upon the lloor of Parliament, when the terms of that contract were being iliscussi d with a \iew t'« tiuir ratilication. tint they did not create a iiiouo))oly ii' Manitob.i, ami did not ■■mil could niit ail'eet the right of the Local FiCgislature of .Maidtoba to cliarter railways in any direction, and to any place within that pioeini'c (>. Sir .loliu .Ma-'donald today admits in express terms I lia\t; nvself seen it in writing over his own sigmiture within the past three months - that the monopoly clause ill the <". P. R. contract doe.s iiot affect the Local Legishiture of .Manitoba. 7. If it had beei; intended to make it cue ot the terms of tiiat crntiact that inonc()oly was to he establi.shcd in Manitoba as well as in the country to the west of it, ap|)licatioii should and would have been made to the Local L(!gis!aliire ot M.initoba for its assent tlui'eto. .No sucii aiiplication was made. .ilthough the parties wee well aware that without that .■l^i-^;nt tliat Legislatuie would not have been bound by the contiact even if its \ery tcinis !i,ul purported to restrict the powers of that L<'gi; lature, which they did no; This f.ict aionc is t^nough to show that lIi'.j syndicate; deliberalel) consented that t!ie monopoly slioiild be confined to the Northwest Territoiies, and should exist no mi:>rc in Manitoba than in Ontario. S. l!y Manitobii in this lett(;r so far, I mean .Manitoba i.-< it was at the time t'.e joiitract was made in October, ISSO. In the year ISSI the limits of Manitoba v-ere largely extended by the addition to that province of a large tract of tenitory which up to that time liad been a part of the Noi th west Territories, and subject to tiie mono- poly (dause. By the enactments making that exttnsion, it was provided that "tli( said increased limits and th< t' rritori/ tfii-rebii fiilih'il to the province of Manitoba shall be sniiject to ;iil such pro\ isious .is mnii li'ir: ftrrii or hIuiH heieuUor l>r eiuiL-Uil ivsjH'rtiin; th«* Canailutri I'm i lit rail w and U\t- IuimIh f.M ))»■ ^riint«;tl in ait«r 1 1, ("I'tifiii •_', siiliMci'tioii (b), uikI tlie Hf.itiltf i.( .\lj»ii\t.jl>a ot IHSI. M N'ii:., (.Uaiilfr I, soction '_', »nlj'Stn:tiiiii ili). i. 'I'tiif (.". I'. H. iMiiitimt wuM iiinii«! mi fin- •Jl»t ot ()ct(»l)or. IMMO. '.'. It was I'lititieil !)V purliuiiitMit on rln' I. 'nil of I'clii-iuiiy, I8.SI. .'i. Tile act exten(iiiig Maiiitulm'ri liuiin- ilaites uiiove (|iiote(i wax puMsuci at tlit- muuv x-M.sioii of pailianiiMit uh and ^^itlliM nix wt'('l»« .iftt!i- tin- (' I'. \i. i-liiiiti'i, vi/., (Ill tlif •JlHt of Marcii. iShj. Mert; wan an o|)poiliiriity. if it iiiid liecii intcndtMl tliat monopoly Hlmidd lie UHtali- lislit'd in till: old [iidvincc ot Manitolm, t<' liavt' that matter pliK'i'd licyond disjiutf. Net tlie i/ovt'iiiiiu-iit uinl |iai iiiiitu'iit of Can ada delilieratt'ly i^niMtod to Maiiiiiba tlu; large extenHiun of her Iioiindarie:^ and con- lined tlie leMtrit-tiou to tlie addeil ten itry, whieli was already suliject to it. U. Surely no cumlid man, calmly woigliing tlie fat-'tfj .-it.'t forth ul)ove the terms of the I'ontract itself, the declarations of Sir John Maedonald and Mr. White on the Hoor of Parliament, the oonttMnporary oireiimstanei's*, and the Huli.se(|uent dealinga between the l)omiiiion ( Wivernmeiit and i'arliameiit and the l-e^'iHlature ol Maniloiia ran aiiive at the eonrliHion tliat tlie eoiitraet reqiiirt's the maiiitenaiH'e of a monopidy in the old j)io\ iiiee of Maiiilol)a, or that the diseontiniiunce of the disallow;uu;e ot eharters for the eon- striU'tion of railsNiiys within the old |)ro\ ince of Manitoba >\niild be eitiier a bieaili or an abrogation of th'' iiionopolv -laiiMe in that eontract, either in letter or in .spirit. 10. Hut it has been a.isert(!d that, in addi- tion to the sfdemn written eontract, thei-e was a secret )>ledm tjiv) dih allow any act of any local leginlatuie. \h to that aHxeitioh Me say 1 1 Mpeak for u large mimbei of ( oimi \ ativem that it is utterly unbelievable by tis. .No intimation of any- thing of the kind was made to p.irliameiit v\heii the eontract wa« befoie it for ratilica- tiitii. 'I'lie deelaratioiiH of the prune miiUKtvi' at that time were wholly inconsi.steiit w itii it, unle.N.s the piiiiie minister was ileliberatidy deceiving by a xcilial (piibble the repreneii. tafi\eHof the people. The giving of mui h :i pledge without consulting parliament and the legislature of Manitoba, and without obtaining the eoiment of parliament thereto wouhl have he( n a gloss lueacti ot eonstitii tioiial law au>l practtiee. \Vi' do not believe tliul Sir .lohn .Macdomihl wan or is eapablc either of deeeiving parliament :i • tilt' "I'm ty of I'liioii t ml I'romeitH. " "\Vr m'utufiilly ackiidwli'ilyi- tliu gi»'nt«»fi' \ iri'H icikKti'iI to f 'iiiiudii in tlu- piiMl )iy ^'ir loliii A. Miiiili/iiuld .•imi tlif Con.sii siiti\r piiity. •\\v UA tliiit tio puMt Mi'ivicf.s of uii.y ^I'l iiiiiiiHtratioM can fntitle it to tiio mipport of rlio people ill II policy preseiitly iiiiniioi!,s to tlif comitiy. •Tlie policy of iliMiillowaiicf of lin ,ii ihiii' lets for the coiiHtriictioii of railways witliiii tli«! liiiiitM of tlie oltl proviiui of Miiiiitoliii retanU the iiatiiittl jirogress not only of M.iiiitolia ami the Northvve.it Ten itorie-*, Itiit of tliu hniiiinoii III lai'ire 'It (liscoiiiiiueM iiiiiiii^ration. "It prevents the imtuiill 'levelopiiiellt of truile iietsvet II the N'oithwcMt iiml the other provinces of the Doininiuii.anil in the Noitli went it.seif; to wliich iiatiiiiil ilovelujiiiient ol trade conipetilioii in lailwaj cania^'c Ik tweeii all the province.-* is essentially nuce-'- siiry. "It is. thoiefoie, not a policy of pro;;iiHf,. Imtn poljry of retardation, injurious alike lo the Northwest and to the rest of the |)o. ihiiiion, and, as sii' h, it is iik oiisisteiit with the priiicij)les of ( oii.servatiMn. "\\'e fiM;! hoiiiiil, as ('onsei \iiti ves. and wc iiereliy pledi^^e oiirse.lvcs, not to support any candidate for election to the House of ('om- inous i,\ Caiiiidfi v\ ho will not pledge liiiiiself to oppn.-~c that policy to the e\t,cllt of Votill;.; \\ a'lt of coididence in any v'"^ '''"""'nt that hereafter j.erists in it, and otiiei wise l>y every ineaiis in his power. " 'I'liesi! views have Ikm^ii adopLi'd liy tlic M hole (!onsHrvative party thror.j^ho ,t Mani toha, and every (Conservative candidate for electi(jii in \lanitoha hj^s plcd<,'ed himself tliercto. I'pon the .same siiUjuct the Winnipeg' I'.oard uf Trade has declared its views to-day in these words : "Another i^rievaiico which haslieen kept in agitation l)y your hoard and council is the disallosvaiice of Manitoha railway chle etl(»it to get le.ief from this, and l)y resolution, appe:iled to the city c(uincil of \\ innipeg, askiim th.at iepie.sentativ(! hody to oiler a liltcral honiis to any company, in dependent of the C. I.'. R. , which wouM fur- nish a lir;e of railway connecting tlic tit> with otiicr routes to cnslern markets. "^'our board is desirous ot imi>i essiiig upon the people of the older pro\iiice8. that its etrortsto get ficc from railway monopoly are not dictated hy any desire to make tiie inai- kets of this province in the United Stati's. On the contrary its sole aim is to secure raihsay competition latweeii Manitoha ui.d iIm"!' oldvr jii o\ iiiii's, uheie the tif s of con fedei ttioii and a s^ntem ot national tnritTs, point to UK our natural iiiark'^ts. Jin liuard adhere to the theory that tiaiiMportation hi: tweeii the NortliMeat and the euut. Iiicilitu- till and chenpeiied.miiHt iiecesHai ily iiicreast* the trmli' iiiteicniirse lietv\e*n the t\M». ".\nolher point on whi> h the po<.itioii of \oui hoard is tfoo fieipielitlv misl'epi t.'ielited on thih i|iit'stion is that it is acciiHed of de- manding from the Ouininion a coiicesHion which wiaild entail repiidiatiuii ot a fun agiteiiunt Itetui i n Caiiadii and the ( '. }'. R. ('iimpaiiy, wluuas the hoard has at no tin . dcmandi'il I'liytliing lieyoml the right lit Maiiitolia to cliiirter railways to the soiitlurn lioiiiidary of the original province, .1 limit which is iiiclnded hy no agreeimtiit hetwecn the dominion and tlie ( '. IMi. Coin- |)any, hut w liich i .^ kept I'losed agaiiiHt rail- way constriution hy a go\criiinent policy wliicli has a crushing ellect upon the North- west, is detviimaital to the iuteiests of this l)oininioi) .att a v\hol(^ and in.stead of being a 4iiaid to, is ill reality a drag upon the pro-,- perity ot the ( '. I'. l\. ( 'onijiaiiy. It i> plain, theictore, that tliis is neither .1 iiaue.ly [lolitical nor "(irit' agitation, nor a ;iarrow minded sectional or provincial ugita tioii. It is an earnest apjical from llii^ hearts of the whole jieoplc of Manitoba to our coin- patriots in the otiier pri/\iiicesof the l>o. minion, to guc u.'^ free and untrammelled in- tcicoiiise with them, for the mutual advan- tage ot all. .\s the establishment of the penny post eii' rmoiisly increased tiie xoluine of corres- poiilclice by letter, so would the establish- ment of railway competition, and lower freight rates. increase the \olume of trade be- tween the Northwest .Mid the other jiro- \ ince-t. <)ntalio would lie p'aced tion to reap the belletit of lu'i' to the Noitiiwe.-it, for which Mi (arthj and others so tendi d in the House of .May last. (.iiieliec \\oulil rea]i the benefit of railwas I ci'ip'-titioii coupled with the "long haul." Our cneinieH would be deprived of tlieir argnineiit .igainst l.he Nortli- • west as a lield for iimnigrution that it is under the ban of a monopoly. The living of the struggling settler here would lie madi^ less costly and lie would be . li^'vcd from the e.xictions of the ('. I'. ][. (o,, whii-ii to day are 'iiiving many almost to despair. The w iioh; countiy vvonld lie more rapidly developed and the hoinininii at large would reap the beuetit of its develop- ment in thi' iiurcase of tin- clemaiiil for tin; manufactures of the east. Some of the principal oljjections com- monly made to ..ui views, including the utterly mistaken idea that our trade woiihl be diverted to till' markets of tlie L'nited States. I will endeavor witii your permission to ileal with later. \\inni[ic'4. I'eb. I, lss7. maiifullv on the in a posi- pro]iiiV|uity haltoii .\lc- 0||. -ah Til. Sii;,— I find ill iVLuiiL imuilieid ol llit Mail Hiid ot till' \\ eek if'iKtiti'Piis iiy iinplioiitioii (if U\i sictc. iii"i\t that til' CI', R. c'untract or rliartrr Ixmiid the. cmiiitry "i' the govt-rif- iiieut to i.it.at»' iiiid iiiiiuitaiii a railway mo- iiii))('ly within th« original lioiimhirits of Miii.itohii, as wel' as in tlic NorthwcKt torii- toi'JL'e, I oliHt'i've alHo tliut lioth till- Mail anil till' \V(!jk speak of tlu- "diwailowani'e clausfM" of tlio contract. Allow nic to ro- peat oiM V niorf, what was ahiiiidanMy ;»rovi il in till' first of this s(jrii>' of lotttM's, t!iat the C r. H. ■^yidicat': hy their contiact agreed to l)uiM and opcr.'ite the railway irt/ln.iif an\ monopoly in old Manitoha. Aiul there is nothin'^ in the (?ontract which can p'oiiorly he called a '■'^I't.-.nlloifiniri elausi;." It was n(» part of the contrai't that the (iovernor- < ipir.Mid's povsei' of disalliavanee shoidd lie exeereised for the niauite.iance of monopoly. The i">ir/iiiiii/' ('"iiuil. agreed that it would not within its jurisdiction authori/e the eonstruetii n of lines to conipete with the ( . I*. R. Hut it was no part of the contrai't that the local legislature of Manitoha oi- the Rjoal legi.-latiir!" of <)ntario .-.hoiiM l)e intertered w'tli in the exercise of its power to uuthoii/.e such lines within its juiisdietion. On the contiai-y, as has 1)( en siiow n in my tirst h-tte''. it waN ell ally part I'i the liargain deliherately made tiiat .Slanitoliii and ()Mtario wei'e to he left free in this respt'ct. The pai'liament of Cari- ada had then exclusive jurisdiction i)ver the Northwest 'rerritories, and in those terri- tories the contract semrcs a monopoly hy hindiiig that Parliament. But it was no part (it tile bargain tliat the ( iox (•rnor-( uii- eri.'s power of veto or disallowance shoidd l>e called into action to interfere with .Mani- toba in any way whatever, and it i> only of the fxercise .if that jiower that we coin|ilain. On heiialf of the .Association for which 1 write I woui I earnestly lieg of your readeis to read (arefully ni\ two former letters of this series. 1 proct^eii now. w ith \iiiir per;! d.-al with all tilt olijections to dur v- ,i>>e heard : '. if is •■.aid that foreign capital \..' .-,t'd on the faith of' the ('. I', puny haxiiig a monopoly. We 'irr on Mie faith of a, monopoly in the S'.-rtiiwest Peri'itories, hut not mh tlie faitl' of I monopoly in .Manitoha oi Ontario. There is !io evidence whate\er that anvtliiii"' has been relied u()on by foreign capitalists e.\cept the contract itself, is it to be sup posed for a moment that the Syndicate, vvIm kn<'w perfectly well, as has been shown, tiial they had i.o bargain for a iminoi olv in Mani- toba, misrepresented to foreii;n capit;ilist.s that tliey had sii.'l. a mon- oi)oly, ;ind l>y siicli talseliO(i(l oh tair.ed from them their millions'/ Or are we to sup]iose that Sir .bihii Macdonalils gove'iiment (as has been hinted I, without consulting parliament, gave secret ph'dges lesion, to iaioi tiiat has been H. Com luiswer : either at the tune of ol' aitin the making ot the contract which loa.de t<; the contract an additional term that had inner ben '•anc- tioned by parliament, ami was whi'lh' in- consistent with the .solemn declaratiuns made hy himself on tin.' Hoor .if parliament at the time the contract was ratified ;' I'nless oni' of these two pnestions is to be answtM'eil aflirinatively, foreign ca|iitali.sts get all they bargained for w hen tliey get monopoly aiil-'n/r (but not inside) old Mani- toba. If it were possible to answer either of these (piestions atfiimatively, we should say that the pecjple of Canada could not bt^ bound liy anything but their contract constitutionally entered into with the consent and authority r)f their repre- sentatives in parliament. Hut we as Con- se>'\ ati\es do not l)elie\ e that either of these ijuestions t;an be answereil atrirnntiveiy. 1 think 1 am correct in saying that no such contention as that I am now dis(;iissiiijf has ever bi-en niaiie or heard of on the flom of ))arliainent. It is an cf' cnpfKiKlinii argu meiit .levised and used only by ii r<\sponsible defenders of the go\ernmeiit polii'y merely for party's sak". and rashly adopted Aitli- out exaiiKiiation li\ others. •J. Sir.Iohn Macdonald on the ISth of May last deidared the poliiy of the government in this matter in these words: ".Now, sir. with lespect to what the lion, genlh.'mau for SoiiUi Huron i.Sir li. Cartwiight) has said as to the pcdicy of the govern- ment with respect to the disallow- anc<' of lai'way bills, I I'an only say. sir, it is .simply to keep as much of the tiade of the western c(uiutry for the benefit of Canada as a whole as ve can. I say, sir, at once, that even with that jnaisewmthy ol>ject, this I'arliamcnt otoj/ii iml ti, iiiiih 'Oil/ fi xiriftiiin that n'mi/i/ in- Jiir< I III \i,r>/i'>riyit its,//;" [Hansard, I.SSd. jiaye 1 ,iM(). i Vow, observt ' ii i the United .States We .say this is a complete mistakr 1 gave yoii in my second letter tii • (hdibei atejy expressed o])inion of the Winnipe;; I'xiard of Trade on this point. T also pointed oiil ill tliiit Ictl'T tliiit Mirli ii riiilsMiy Would tiiKiiigli oastciii coiunriidiis gi\c us funipt' tition in i,iil\v,iy ••uniiigc for mr tiadi' with tlio cii«terii |)ioviiH:(\s. Such , oiiipetiti'iu would foster and iiuTfjii-i- tliiiL tiudi-. At piTM.'Ht cvtii Mouticid. with all the adviu tii^e of tin; ••loiijLC limd" frui^'lit r.itcs ttM h th'^ ni'V{\ (if tiiiit i:oiiip<'lili')ii. And iili \M'stoni Ontario .^iitfcis still mort" from liiik of it as every r.ii'rvifaul knifU--. Its iih.st'nct' (' •'. R. Co. to I'lfKunt ()i;l;nic \Ufl HM.\' adviuitagf fioiii the short Inn to Sii Hmiy .luMctioi; o> ( ';illondar. I'IsuIUan ;iuci' thus ;/r<'ittly injures Oniario and (}\iv \n'i-. That it giiuitly injures Manitolia and tlif \oi til west Ity retarding its progifiss as poniteil out ill my seeond letter is siii(l\- e\ iihiit to everyone. Anil then; IS no dangi'i of di\eiting our trade to the I'nited States, for several reasons : Kiist Ijecause the ties of Con- federation, to \\hi(li the people of the Niirthwe^l ai' thoroiighU j. yal, incline us Oiitui ii tiialiles till from reap to seek our markets in tin- eastirn piov iu' <•>: siMMMully, i/ecaiu^e husiliess eonneetions an; all eady well estahlished iietwe-'ii the i,ier- ■hants of the Noi'thwest and the eastern i.rovinies, and there is no disposition to lireak .'leiii. Most of our l)ii--iiH"ss houses here iire braiiclM.'s ot eastern houses. I'hirdjv. hevMuse the cU'ei't ol competition \vu dd I'C to tiling down tiie rates of the ( 1'. Iv. t'o;ii|,)>iiy aa low a: ihose oj po-sil.je eoiKpetiii;' line, and liy that Oniario is prai.ti.allv as near to us as ilher iirirket in which we could lniy I'onniiodities \\c require as cheaply jts wr could in (Ontario; I'ourtlily. liecaiiac Ity the oi.eiation of the National I'olicy Ontario ami • jhu'bec maiiiifactuiers have an enormous advatilHge ill coin)ietitv>ii for out trade o\ cr anyone in the United States. There is hut one more oitjec^tion to deal ^^ith and I will d.-al with that to-morrow. It i- the alleged moral claim of the (I P. R. I 'nri|iany to have monopoly maintaiiK-d. Winnipeg. Fth. 7. 1S,S7. any line anv the IV. ■siK, Rofeiiing to the foiiiier letters of this series I now address yon i«v t'c last time on this sidijeet. ii. Th'? only remaining oli|ection to our •laim to he allowdl to lia\i a iail\\a\- Imilt to ijiir southern lioundar_\ that 1 have to deal with is put in this way: "The ('. I'. R. is a "great national undertaking; it ha.s cost the "eonntrv millions of nioiu^y; its jiromotors "took large risks; we must give it a i-hance; "we must protect it from compitition till it ■'get.s on its legs and can lie niaw com- "petition with it nfiu it will not 'pay,' and "tin.' comjiany niay he ruined. It has a moral "right to he piotected from competition for "these reasons." As to this objection, we .sa> the C. I'. R. is no longer a national undertaking. The C. I'. R. Company has been finally set- tled with. it has nothing more to pay till' iioveinnient. and we no longer have any pecuniary interest in it as a creditor has an inter(!st in his debtor. Its promoters made their own bargain, and they haxc made colossal tortunes c>ut of it. Its otlnr sliareliohiers embarked in it purely as a matter of business, on the faith of the con- tiact as it was. ;ind not for our benetit. lint for their own Most of them bought its stock and bonds on terms that make them jiorfectly secuic a^'ainst toss in any event. Till' company has alreaily received froui the '•oiintiy iiiciny millions of dollars inoie than they were cntitleil to bv tlnur ( ontiaet. It wa.s expected by them and by us, wiieii we made the contract, that they would have to operate the line at a loss for many years, and they were liberally paid tor agreeing to do so. We never agreed to give them, and they, indeed, agreed t-) do without a monopoly in old Manitob.i. N'l \\ , what is the use ot a contract at re[\. if it is to lie binding upon n.s and not lunding upon them ': They have alre.idy got far ino'e than thej' bargained for. \\ hat I ight have tlicy to get still more / Let them pcrtorm their contract now. Let them run (lie line at a loss, if necessary, as they were paid for doing. .-Vnd if they fail to ilo it, let the line icveit to the peojile of C'anada, who have paid for it .■*S;{.(HII).(MH), besides Si;!,- ()(K).0()() acies of land yet held by the Company, n< in such an event It vvas.igreed tliat it should revert. And let the enterprising gentlemen who took the ';reat risks retire from it upon the huge for- tunes they iia\'e made out of it. As to tin^ other shareiioldcrs. they have a Co\ernmcnt guarantee, which on the teriiis^^ on which tliey in\csted will secure the!n from loss, and it will pay the people of Canada I letter to pa> what is neces.sary t.» satisfy tliat guarantee and operate the line a.^ a gmernment railway in the interests of the itountrj', than to keep Can aila longer under the ban of monopoly. Will anv business man say that this is unfair '.' Has Canida not dealt \e' y generoiislv with the C. 1'. R. Co/r Hut there- is no danger of tlu' roail im cit- ing to the Covernnient. \t llie making of the C. I'. I!, contract tisc miilions of dollars of bonds of^thc company wei'i' deposited w itii the t Jovei nuieiit to secure the operation of the road for ten years after it was built. On the 4tli of .May last the Co\ eminent ask ed rarliaineiit to release those bonds, and Parliament did so. Sir .loliii .Mai donald then >iiiid\ /ill ii-. /I, lii-'i,<.\ "We can all reineinber that at the time thi.-^ precaution- ary measure was tuken ot preserving the security, it was considered very doubtful after it- completion that it (the C. F'. Ri would be put in operation after it was finished. That doubt was felt very gi net- iilly. ;unl i( w ,i> ■-.li.l <'j)icrinll\ , f\c!i ;iftrr M'iul, and tlivuui.'li tli;i.l \t tlx' loatl tn tlio iKirtli of I 'akuta luiil Miinu sot.-i nuiild bi'ii- Lako. Svijifiior, tliiit it wDiild never l)c r\iii t-Oi tlie ('. 1'. H. And l)esitlc's tliis -that tlie tradic noulil not pay the L'l'oase the more rapid develoinnent of the Nortli- on tile wheels of thi- loeoniotive.s. Tlmi west, conseciuent upon onr liaving railway /'<( liiiij fills III'/ il'i.-ii iifii II ri il . '" No iiini|ii'tion.u t>idiia('(!riu;totliead\antage('f the one can rtiipjiose tor a nionient tiiat under ('.!'. H, ( 'o. in tlie increase of traihe incident tiirr present circunistanees that road will not to an increase of po|)ulatir,n and in the in )h' run. Such a thiu'j; as the altandoiinient crease in value of its countless acres of land of t!ie road or any portion of it, and tin- for- in the NortliMest. foiture of their charter, • such aliandoiunent In celialf of the I '(Uiserv;iti\ e Aiiti-Disallow- We accept Sir John Maedonald opiiuon, ami' Association of Winnipey for your ;,'ood. and believe it to I>c sound. Kuithei ness in yiviny so inucii of your vahi.'ihlc space than that, we helievi' that a line to the puhlii ation of these letters, to our soutliern lioundary giving the F. Bk\ kki.kv Hor.KKTsoN, (".P.K. 'onneetioii with the Xorthein Pacific Winidpec. Kelt., 18S7. V The Effect of Monopoly. Kroni every part of .\lanitol)aand the Xortli and iiaxclaml remaining to the extent of west coin<;s tii>^ cry of unfair charges over more than K?, 000. 0(H) acres, wliicli, if sold at the line of t!ie Canadian Tacitie Railway. In anaveragepiiceol Sl."2.> per ;i,cre. would make an article upon the pro])osed railway com the total gift to the eom|)any upwards of mission the Kainloops Sentinel of tiie "J.Srd .si 00,0(10,000. The comp-iny claims that the ult. .suggests : right of way, con.struct.ou and eipiipment of "That they (tiic railwav comniiswioners; the road cost them less than .'>;S0,0()O,O00. should make a visit to Kamloops and the and the adminiat' ation of the land giant country extemling from Donald to i'ort .some s;]()().(H»0; so that the company gets a McKiily, where the fi'eight and passenger mad which practically costs them nothing, rates charged hy the C. P. R. are a menace and a bonus of 820. 000, (KM) for building it. to the present and future welfare of this The land grant \>a< originally proposed as a (!0uutry." means of recouping the losses it was esti Anil, alter 'iiiming some instances in sup mateil would occur on tratlic, hut jjoi't of its stat>'ments, concludes as follows : as no lossi-s lui\ c occurred, it may l>e eon "Let it be understood that tlie Sentinel is sidered as a l)onus. Now, what do we get noi; attempting to decry the (.'anadian Pa- for our generosity '; Kxcessive freight ami eitii- Hallway. The important part it has jnissenger tarill's I So narrow is their a(IO.(ViO Up to will charge for taking him to N'ietoria il.C? the (lose ot constru<;tion stockholders were And this fare includes a tirst-class pas.sage getting over 10 per cent on their investment. fioni San Franeisce to Victoria, which or- and this year the company has advertised a linarily losts !*"20. T