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Throe miles above the Fulb you see the white crested mM (lushing, foaming, and tossing sometimes 20 and somctinui J feet from the main current ; and iit the sumo time hear a k, monotonous, tremendous roar; and as you approach niarcr I'w a tremulous motion of the earth. The distiince at whiih tk; roar can be heard, varies with the state of the atmosphere, froj three to twenty miles; and the mist, arising like curlinj{ siJ and separating as it rises into masses of fantastic clouds, is s(^ at the distance of many miles around. GOAT, OR IRIS ISLAND. Goat Island is so called from the circumstance, that ikj the year 1770 Mi. Steadman, rcsidin;,'- near the Falls, conim; by some menus, to land a Ibw goatn ujion this island ; but i more appropriate and adapted name is Iris island. It comni CCS near the head of the rai)i(ls almost in the middle of th"ntd and runs to the precipice ; and contains about soventy-fivc act of rich and heavy timbered land. Situated in the nudst of the rapids and surrounded by tliciuj three sides, this island is one of tlie most briiutiful,fascinntiiio romantic places in the world. Fanned by gentle breezes, fi ftom iiaaects, encircled by a neat gravel walk, and prescntinjtj tho visiter a great variety of views of the Falls and rapid8,y feels a reluctance on leaving it, and is wont to exclaim withEi] in the language of Milton, "Must I tliua leave llioc, Paradise ? tlieau liappy vsalks and aliades, Fit haunt of Gods?" fcc. About two thirds of this island are still covered w ith tall \n many of which are clothed with a magnificent drapery of ivvj other creeping plants, and many have been killed by reasm^ the countless names that have been cut into their bark. W earliest date of any name yet found is in the year 1769 ; bull the rocks near the Falls on the American side, there are nai chiseled out and dated 1711, 1726, 1745, &c. A number olhi man skeletons have been dug up within a few years on Goatl land, supposed to be the remains of Indians buried in a Ion Ss^'tte;-*^^ t of al)out fifty-tMo fcej 3ry important part of J I river. he whito crested rii(,i(ij s 20 and soinctinuj sumo time hcur a lo. oil approach iK';ircr,|l (listiuicc at which t| if tho atmosphere, ftoj ising like curling sm funtustic clouds, is n :.AND. 'ircumslnnco, that liicJ oar the Fails, contiiTsi )oii this ishuul ; but j rid ishintl. It cornm » tile middle of ths tibout soveiity-fivc act I surrounded by tiieiDg briiulifui, fascinating t by gentle breezes, ji walk, and presontingij he Falls and riipids,! oat to exclaim \\i\\il4 Ics, covered with talltn iccnt drapery of ivyj been killed by reason^ it into their bark. 1 the year 1769; m side, there are nai , &c. A number ol'k a few years on Goatl lians buried in a fun re, and there are doubtless many more still resting there in un- Sjiurbed repose. On this ishmd is found n prent variety of wild mis, shrubs and flowers ; more than one hundred different spo- jisome (it them very rare, have alrendv been discovered. Of tTnlhtm (wrandijlora, sixteen varieties are four d here llVhen the present proprietor shall have completed the spaciou. Infen which he has laid out, in which ho designs to cultivate all ifniitH that will grow m this climate, and shall have finished kniany other improvements which he has projected, no other keiKThaps m the xvorld, will present attractions equal to those c^t Wand. The approach to it is from tho American dide «n» of a bridge of most difficult and hazardous construc- i,whicli extends from the shore 28 rods to Bath Island, and m 16 rods further to Goat Island. Visitors pay twenty-five J lor tho use of the bridge during their visit, or for the sea- There are many other beautiful islands situated among tho jof this river, a number of which, as Bath, Moss, Luna, &c. IcoDnected with Goat Island by bridges, and afford the most »i picturesque and impressive views of the surrounding V ''""« Isl'^'"! stanrls directly on the precipice about ten i from Goat Island, and divides tho stream, forming a caa- of unrivalled beauty and splendor. There are ten other iin the rapids besides those above mentioned. tie water, on the Aineri.-a» side, falls 164 feet, and oil tlie «^as,do 16S feet. The full on tho Canada side embracing itho largos channel of tho river, is called, from the shape of fcrecipice, "1 ho Horse Shoo Fall ;» and near to this a bridge Iken construcjlpd Iroui Gout Inland, called the Terapin le; an J near the terminal ioa of this bridge, in tho water and Imrybrmkof the precipice, a stone tower forty-five feet Ik^beon erected, from which, or from the end of ihe bridire, IJc o( tho FaHs upon the beholder is mo.t awfully sublime h^y .nde.scnbable. The rain-bows . and lunar-bows, and Jd the whole scenery of tho Falls, appear to better advaa- Ifroni this point than from any other. Ithe lower end of Goat Island, about half way across it, the llZ f "pi Ta^^V" ^®^® ""^ ">« ^''P*"^^ «f Nicholas le. Uq. of i hiladelphia, gives visiters an opportunit of de- Inig below the tails between Ihe two main sheets ol .v-.t^r, •1 advancing for a consideruble distance under the FalJt on . * *, f ^ Mtedi , I W 'f THE FERRY. There id another citair-cnMo lending from the bunk immciJi beluw the FalU, where viHiterii will iind u safe ferry tu the i dii side, and an uppurtiuiity to view thoae mighty watera roll und tumble iVuni the precipice ubuve. A ciirriager about tu bo constructed down thette perpendicular banl(!>,8o^ allow teams and curriagoa tocroHH here ; and. when thHing plctcd, it must become an important thoroiighfuro. CANADA VinWS. Directly opposite the FhIIa on the Canada aide, an oiiln company have projected and laid out ^Wiat they call "Thi , the Falls," and are now making very considerable improvti There arc on that side two spacious hotola, many objecUgfl riosity, and many delightful views of the Falls. Ijivcn west is the Welland Canal, connecting the waters of ],ake] and Luke Ontario ; six miles north upon Queenstoo hei^ General Brock's monument, 126 feet nigh, and admitting cent to the top by a flight of 170 winding steps ; one mile from the Fulls is a burning spring, and at the Falls near Aock is a museum and a stair-case. The Museum Barnett, contains among other things, 118 different i\ birds, 47 different species of beasts and reptiles, 24 kinds of fishes, 300 different kinds of insects, &c. &c which arc said to have been caught in the vicinity of thcFil SUMMER ANI> WINTER SCENERY. The surrounding scenery on both sides of the river is keeping with the magnificence ofthe Falls.* By most vii is seen only in summer. But in wintci it is inimitably' od scribably beautiful. The trees and shrubbery on Goutandil Islands and on the banks ofthe river near the Falls, nroci with transparent alect, presenting an appearance of mil glittering chandeliers of all sizes and description, und givii tt most vivid idea of fairy land. The scene presents a s{ counterpart to Goldsmith's description of the subtc^riuncaDl tos of Paros and Antiparos. The mist from the Fullsfi upon the trees so gradually and to such thickness, that it bears a most exact resemblance to alabaster ; and this, ^el the dazzling colors of the rainbows that span the river Iroull ty different points, seems, by natural association, to raisell gination to that world, where the streets are of pure goM,| gates of pearl, and night is unknown. hlli icninleri a jour IDC HIiCI ihcir (lepi li iinmo n ard «om illy hupp ihiit, aa I f,llie)'urc Ives goi ly dive ii or up it;sh,t< in the I I, Iliuvks bythi inline] ihc baiil< I, 80 th T. ; number llilieca til Dui [8, they ai I businc! I fr< ilicr plac« lor two, g I scene. Rl !«idtliol sofaini!( Inarrov.' c |i.f the Fulls, ijcvcn ng the waters of I^ike] upon QucenstoQ hei^ nigh, and adniilting ling stops ; one mile iiid at the Fulls near The Museum ;8, 118 dift'erent s\ and reptiles, 24 f insects, &c. &c 1 the vicinity of thcFJ SR RCKNERY. ides of the river is ml Falls.* By moat viai CI it is inimitably' aodij lirubbery on Goutandil near the Falls, nrocoi appearance of millioi doscription, and giviiu 3 scene presents a spi ti of the subtc^riuncaDl mist from the Falls M iich thickness, that ilj ibaster ; and this, scli at span the river froull issociation, to rajsetiii ccts are of pure goH| ic« inter scenery al/ont the FuIIk is peculiar, a sight of which [ha journey of one thousand inik'.-i. Myriads of wild ducks MCHiiPiid tile day in and above tlio rapids, and regularly ihcir (lepnrtiiro for LiiUn Ontario every niinht before dark ; iinmo are otYen found in the morning with a broken log or urdgoinetimes dead, in the river below the Falls. This, jlv happens after a very dark (tr foggy night ; and it is sup- ihnt,n«they always have their heads up stream while in the f,lliey uro carried down insensibly by the rajiids till they find Ire!) going over the precipice, and then, in attempting to lydive into the sheet of water, and a buried for a time under (alls or upon the rocks. idtish, too, of almost all sizes and descriptions, are found in the river, below the Fails, forming a repast for Gulls, ^Iliiwks.and Eagles. Drring a part of the winter, the ice by the wind from Lake Erie and poured over the Fulls h immense quantities, as to fill and block up the river bo* he banks for a mile or more to the depth of from thirty to 1, 80 that people cross the ice to Canada on foot for weeks IVVMBER OF VISITORS. * enumhcr of visitors at the Falls has generally been from klillevu thousand annually, und tho number is every year in- W. During the winter months, though there are many kthcy are generally such, as are passing through the re- a business, and stay only a short time. Frequently, how- Iparties from Bullalo, I^ockport, Rochester, Canandaiguo, Ither places, visit tho Falls by sleighing, and after spending jortivo, go away enraptured, and sometimes overwhelmed I scene. RIVER BEIiOV/ THE FAIiliS. Miidlli of (he river at tho Falls is a littlo more than three- sola mile, but below the Falls it is immediately compressed Inamnv ch;innLi of less th;in one-fourth of a mile, and its lis about 2r)0 feet. This channel is between perpendicular |,an(lntk'r two miles, it runs with amazing velocity to Lew- : and, what is .somewhat remarkable, while the river makes ktant descent, the banks have a gradual ascent for six miles, ' tfiorn tho top of the banklo the water, opposite Brock's Imeat near Lewiston, is 334 feet. The quantity of water Intl;- pouring over the Falls is computed at 670,250 tons |nutc. 1* I ""^aOgsOtmSmm :.II ' IM1.. ■pp^r i ife i From Lcwwionto liuko Oiilnrio 7 milrc, ihc river u eiiiooth, nnd iiavignldo for vchhpIh ofivcry ilescription; miji i.^loii being the head of imvign(ioi), im iho j»riiKipiil lui'iilii,|| , (or tho Aniericnr» StconibouU thnl run on Luke Ontario. \ mouth of tho river on the American »ide stand* the villa, YouiigHtown nnd Fort Niugnrn ; nnd on the Canada mijf village of Newark or Ningnrn, nnd Fort George. CVllIOallTIES. One mile nbovo the Falls on tho American side, jg iht tlic old Fort SchlosHor, n place very conHiderably distio in the early history of this region, and commanding a roon tiful prospect of the river and rapids, of (Irnnd and Navy! and of the village of Chippewa on tho opposite bank, licfc, construction of tho Erie Canal, nil tho buiiineitit between Ihel was interchanged by means of a lund carriage from thispb Lcwiston. Half n mile below the Falls under tho bank is Catlin'sC visit to which no traveler will be likely to rogret. Two il loir is a Medical Spring very strongly impregnated with lui and by tho use of Us waters many iinportunt'cures huvcl fectod. One mile further down loads to a tremendous whirlpool, bling very much in its appearance and operations, the cel( Maelstrom on the coast of Norway. Logs and trees arc times whirled around in rapid succession for days together outer circles, while in tho centre they are drawn down pei larly with great force, are soon shot out again at a dii many rods, and occnsionally thrust into the channel to p the river. The channel ns it proceeds out of the whirlpool nearly a right angle, is narrower than at any other place in vcr, not more than'thirty rods in width, and the current ruai such amazing velocity as to rise up in tho middle t"n feet the sides. This has been ascertained by actual measure: About the year 1812, an incident occurred here perhaps recording. A party of men wore employed in cuttingcedat near tho river above tho whiHpool. Ono of them, steppiogi some raffed logs that were in the water, was imporccplif perhaps through carelessnessrdrawn by the current intotbei pool. He clung to a log and was carried round and n hours, expecting every moment to be crushed among thek thrust into tho vortex, while his companions on shore could USd". I others. iindj ^ ^ 7 milrn, the river i; ^ •very description; niid I I tho iirincipiil luiidin,, I on Lake Ontario, .(l Hide standi the viig d on the Cttnada urt George. lES. Imcricnn side, igihd conwiderably distioi commanding a I )f (Irnnd and NavyR opposite batiit. l^tft busincHs between Ihe I 1 curriiigc from this p tho bank ih Catlin'a f to rogrct. Two i Y impregnated with • purtunt'curcd hovel ^mendons whirlpool, J operations, the cel( Logs and trees are ion for day a together ire drawn down pei out again at adisi to the channel to 9 out of the whirlpool at any other place in h, and the current rum in tho middle t-^n feet i by actual measure: ccurrod here perhaps )loyedin cutting cedar Dno of them, steppiogl ■ater, was iniporccpl l)y the current into tbeii carried round and n crushed among Anions on shore could ind rehcf. At lcn(.la some of them ascciulii.g the b.mk, «T,,t ,ton four ini IcH, and pro. ur.-d u boat to be drawn up by Thw wmi let down tho bunk, and nmny p«.p!e >Jvm- ropei, polea, &c. to render nssiHtnnce. AHer thi.> bout well lecurcd, and aome men had -ttppcd in intendinir to intotto whir pool, the man upon the log, still whirling in .peni ofhw life, was, by some action of tho water, sent lytotheihore, and finally «nved without icceiviim unv others. ■* ' ^Wowthe whirlpool i. n place, on the American side, ^ Devil'8 Hole," embracing about two acres, cut out perpendicu arly m the rock by the side of tho river, 160 deep. How this hole was thus mado it is difficult ire. \isitor8 look into it with silent, inexpressible wt. ice is distinguished by an incident that occurred about i:69. A company of British soldiers, pursued by the H Indians, were driven olf the rock near this hole at tho V bayonet. AH, save one, instnnllv perished upon tho feel beneath. This one fell into the crotch of a tree. tned in making his escape. ly the name of Ste.idman, who lived at Fort Schloss-.r. thw company of Briti.sh, but made his escape on horse- before coming to the bank, though many balls whizzed 'in his flight. The Indians allerwards imagined him to Irable and invincible, became very friendly, and finally, ration of some services he rendered them, they cave « land mchided between Niagara River and a stroight from Gill Creek above Fort Schlosscr to the Devil's cing about 5000 acres. Tho heirs of Steadman so year 1823, instituted and carried on a long and exnen- )it with tho Stale of N.iw-Yoik to recover this 'land suit resulted in fuvor of tho State and the present occu- [immediate vicinity of the Falls many curnmstnnces have »to impart an additional interest. Uurin% ri ^•^-- j The present bridge was constructed in 1S18, and h fi rods in length exclusive of Bath Island. This bridge,^«(j^f crossing the rnpids only sixty rods above the Falls, is ^^ f^afc for all kinds of teams and carriages, and seeuia d stand a great length of time. Till the year 1817 there was no way of descending, ing the bank below the Falls except by means of a ladi 100 feet in length; since then a safe and ctinveaieiit ■stairs has been erected, as also were the bridges, by j Porter, Esq. the proprietor of the Islands and land adj Men have occasionally been drawn nto the rapids boats, and carried over the Falls ; but not a vestige ol their boats has scarcely ever been found. In 1825, three men on the sabbath, in attempting It some barrels of whiskey across to Chippewa, were drrt rapids and hurried down the cataract. In September, 1827, notice having been given inlli^HTheyc that the Michigan, a large vessel t^at had run-on" would be sent over the Fallei, thirty thousand people estimated, assembled to witness the spectacle. On b vessel were put two bears, a buflUlo, two raccoons, a goose ; the bears made their escape in the midst of ll and finally reached the shore in safety. The others and perished. The Michigan before she reached thefj ing been considerably broken in the rapids, sunk to the surface, and went over near the centre of thehors The distance from deck to keel was sixteen feet, and i not appear to touch the bottom for eighty rods before over, the conclusion is, that the water as it passes over pice there, must be at least twenty feet deep. In October, 1829, another vessel was advertised to over, which drew together about fifteen thousand penpli vessel lodged in the rnpids and remained a number of* finally passed over the Falls in the night. In August, 1828, a small sloop being near Chippewa, doncd by the men tiirough fright, and was blown, with all I up, so far across the river as to come down on the Amerij of Goat Island ; but was broken to a perfect wreck in so as to pass under the bridge and over the Falls. In July, 1832, a Canal Boat was blown over fromCI and lodged in the rapids a short distance abo,'e the brii ft ctcd ill 1818, and 'ui h Islniid. This bridge] jds above the Fails, ijB irriagca, and seems dcs > way of descending spt by means Qf a li . safe and ctinvemen were the bridges, brj Islands and land adj Irawn nto the rapids ; but not a vestige oi 1 found. )bath, in attempting tt » Chippewa, were drai act. ving been given in I tl^t had run-on ty thousand people he spectacle. On alo, two raccoons, ipc in the midst of i safety. The others fore she reached tiieFj the rapids, sunk to fie centre of thehors ^as sixteen feet, and a 3r eighty rods before ater as it passes over / feet deep, sel was advertised to fifteen thousand penpli ninincd a number of w night. joing near Chippewa, md was blown, with all I ine down on the Araerij a perfect wreck in 1 over the Falls. as blown over from C| stance abo,'e thebrii llvo one ivoman were o;i ': );vl, and were saved at most im- jril, and the boat was ly secured and drawn ashore. iber, 1829, Sam Paleh jUi.ipcd twice, in the presence of of spectators, from a ladder ninety-seven feet into (he If the Falls. This ladder was erected near the foot of Stair Case. Poor Sam afterwards lost his life by from thA Falls of Genesee River at Rochester. Ilflth, 1S81, Francis Abbott, an Kngli.shmnn, who had years as a recluse on Goat Island, was drowned • below the Falls. TILLACE: OF nriAOAIlA PAI^IiS. itryin the vicinity of the Falls present many power- lions for a permanent residence. For salubrity of air ifuinesl of climate, it yields to no spot in the United nthe village of Niagara Falls, on the American side, about 80 families, there are two spacious Hotels, the the Cataract, which will accommodate 100 permanent |They contain 114 rooms, including 72 sleeping rooms ; are furnished with all the comforts and luxuries that / aiTords. ilagc also contains a Presbyterian and an F.piscopal B extensive Paper Mill, a Flouring Mill, two Saw Mills, Factory and a number of other mechanic's shops ; and [opportunity of using water here for hydraulic purposes Ifreater extent than at any other place in the United Tro thousand mills and factories mijiht be erected hero safe from any inundation, and having a never failing 'water at a very moderate expense. There is also u lo'c-iightful village laid out, the lots of which arc sold at Reprice. The proprietors of this village offer, to give jmpany that will erect a Cotton Factory here, as much fuding water privileges, as they will cover with buildings rears ; or as much land as may be needed for the pu^r- bch an establishment of the largest kind. page is destined without doubt, to become one of the mnufacturing places in America. Canal boats and rae from the Erie canal and the lake to the disHmce of [above the Falls ; and charters have ;ecently beilgrant- ^Rail-roads to this place,— one from IjOckport,'Bnd the Buffalo ; when these go into operation, the business of must be greatly increased. Stage coaches now run Palis m all directions, and the mail passes regularly twice r / m^^ l^ 10 every day. A steamboat also runs Hnilv f-nm dJ nearly parallel w.th the lake, from 6 to 10. Sis d" 1?9 ft. ?["■■? '"u'^"' ^^ ^««' '^gh«r than theconti? BEST ROUTE POtt TBAVEI.EBS«, THEY ARRIVE AT THE PALm] sml^lTl ""^^ °u *'"'' American side, go firsfto Baft small Islands,-then to Goat Island and follow thV that wit'hl^rr •?"'"'" '•'^ ^""^ *•» »•>« Biddle Stair C that withou fail, as you will there have an apportu. ion rd'eSV'f^' ^*'^"t« ^'"«- *«^ ^5 «^ considerable distance under the Falls. corner'onhr-T''!? "f ^'"''" ^«^« <'°"°^ «>'« *«lktal Spin BriSJ^ f ^' \^'T ^°uV "'" fi»*J ♦''^ StonelJ A erapin Jludgo, from both which places you will I H re" ;'3 ro' r' ''^"^ *''"* '^"" ''^ ta/en frllj «„*• I "•'i^criije It. Fursuiiii; your wav with n entucly round the island, as you o!,^ht w2u7 fail much as you will thu« got a better view of the il rounding .scenery than can l,c obtained any where C As you come nearly opposite the saw-mill, vou mill —"c^: r TK'' """"""" ^'-'•^'-^ »•«>■«' bee: ' thiuKfT7''!;T''l.'''^**'^«J'^"«' vou iillLl Sntir f' «"*^.'-««''=^« it« thousand attractions. ] Bciilosser, the Whirlpool, the Devil's Hole &c. \ edie oTibnT n 'T'' ^'"" '^'" ^««^°"'J «•»'« Stair CaJ edge ot the Falls, where you will fi„d many object* oftf Iretyi Ither hiand, mr^» 10 '0 runs daily from fi^ l>ov(3 the Falls ; and J iats from Lake Ontario igers. Near Lewistoi^ formerly without dog o» — and run* east to J istancc of about 140 n, from 6 to 10. iiia«a disi ighor than the conti^ It is an excellent I TB A VEIiEBS . B AT THE FAL&$,I an side, go first "to Batlj [«Jand and follow the | ide and cross the bn the Biddle Stair Cau tiere have an apportiiiM itween them, and alaot ! Falls. Case follow the wtlkltj will find the Stone Tou ch places you will hni] can be taken from any « grandeur, sublimity, inu uiiig your way with aid u ougiit without fail lol tter view of the rapidsf btained any where else^ finds, and thence back) ! the saw-mill, you willl 1 skeletons have been )fan Indian burying |.. he Falls, you will .visl !rent paths'in order too thousand attractions. , to visit the sight of evil's Hole, &c. L I descend the Stair Casal II find many objects of* 11 rety near view of the highest fall of water. No dan- j^prehended m crossing ihe river; it is attended fcaaure and the utmost safety. lou will then ascend ^.la^ road, and proceed near the bank up to Table towh.chyou wdl hnd Barnett's Museum, ^d a spiral a Rock under the sheet of water. From the ton Jyou have one broad grand view of the whole Fulls [of the scenery of the rapids and Islands. He above 13 the Burning Spring. I,, going up fookto the hotels, you will have a fine andfxtcnsivo Grounding country, and can visit Chippewa, Lun- ock's monument, the Welland Canal, &c. as you re or mchnation. ^ »ISTA»f€ES. loit Schlosscr across to Chippewa, lo Pavilion to Chippewa, ■ihe river at the Falls, ■ Island by the bridgo, Ihe Falls on the Americna side, lllie foot of Goat Islam!, Ihe Horse-shoe falls, . . . j If water at the Horse-shoe, - le Eagle Hotel across to the Pavilion on Itanada side, 1| miles, viz : le Eagle Hotel to top of bank, . . fe bank down the stair-case to the river, IIKiver below the Fall;!, Tanada bank, . . Jetcp of the bank to the Pavilion - " ■e talis to the Mineral Sprin