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ORDER

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SONS OF TEMPERANCE.

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.f?j:?{Kjc. - 1' ! THOMAS WHITB, Ja., ? uiii^Jifx! v/<xf'

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IPRINTED BY ORDER OP THE GRAND DIVISION
OF CANADA EAST. .i.aj.;.>

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PUKTED BY J. C. BBCIXT, AT HIS POWSR«PRK88 FUMtiNO
XStABLMRMKHT, 6RBAT ST, JAAICS STRlCCT.

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11 V

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ESSAY

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ON THE

THE ORDER OF THE SONS OF TEMPERANCE.

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That intemperance is an evil, no one will for a
moment pretend to deny. That it is one of the
direst evils that has ever befallen mankind, will be
equally admitted. Dire in its efiects on the social
condition of man, on his religious prosperity,
and on his political relations. Every position in
which he may be placed is alike open to the ravages
of the great destroyer. Like most evils, it is pro-
gressive in its character. Without powerful safe-
guards to protect the community from its evils, soon
the whole fabric of society would be engulphed
within its blood-stained folds, and the world would
bow beneath the iron yoke of a fearful despotism.
Viewing intemperance in this light — and the reflect-
ing mind can view it in no milder light — it is all
important that steps should be taken by the friends
of humanity throughout the world to stay its devas-
tations. The philanthropist of every land has for
the last half-century been proposing and carrying
out moral schemes, having for their object the re-
clamation of the drunkard and the suppression of
intemperance. Some of these have succeeded
well ; others not so well ; but all have to a certain ex-
tent failed to accomplish their benevolent intention,
owing to the many temptations which have been
been thrown around the. reformed inebriate, tempta-
tions presenting a formidable aspect, shielded as they
are by the state's broad signet, and having lega-
lity's broad shield thrown around to sustain and
protect them, and which must ever continue to
exercise the most baneful influence, while that great
moral cancer, the liquor traflic, is permitted to

exist. Although irresisiibly forced to this conclu-
sion, it is nevertheless the manifest duty of all good
citizens to use such means as are within their
reach, of a moral kind, and for the liberty to use
which they have not to apply to any legislative
body for the suppression of tnis vice. It is with this
yiew that I present in this little tract the claims of
an organization which, since its formation, has
proved most effectual in the salvation of the drunk-
ard, and whose blessings are still felt in many a
family circle. The Temperance Reformation is still,
comparatively speaking, in its infancy ; it is not fifty
years since it first shed its benignant rays upon a
lallen race, and if any require evidence of its blessed
character, and of the divine approbation which has
ever attended its workings, they have but to look to
its mighty effects for the proof. The first movement
has been generally known as the " wine pledge,"
its votaries abstaining from the use of all spirituous
liquors, but continuing, the use of the milder
beverages, such as wine and beer. It was,
however, discovered that " wine is a mocker ;" the
poor victim could sink into a dishonorable grave
with the wine bottle for his companion, as well as
he could with the brandy bottle ; so, in 1836, the
total abstinence pledge, as we now have it, was
introduced, and it was discovered that the only safe-
guard was to discard the monster altogether, and in
any or every shape label him with the brand of
infamy, and the soubriquet of poison. It is worthy
of remark that the movement at this time was di-
rected solely against the moderate use of intoxi-
cating liquors. The hope of reclaiming the con-
firmed drunkard was not thought of ; he was be-
lieved — a gloomy belief truly — to be beyond the pale
of salvation, and it was hoped that, by influencing
the moderate drinkers, the vice of drunkenness
would cease with its present victims, and the
world would shortly be emancipated from the
slavery of alcohol. Such a set of principles and
measures, however, could not fail of making con-
verts even from the ranks of drunkards, and the
consequence was that a new movenrient, small and

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obHcure in its rise, but truly glorious in its results,
sprang up. The reader will readily recognise here
the great Washingtonian Phalanx. Never did truth
progress with such rapid strides as during the two
years of the existence of this movement. It origi-
nated in the heart of drunkenness, and it struck a
responsive chord in the breast of the inebriate which
made him resolve on emancipating himself, and a
crusade for the benefit of his fellows. Man spoke
to man. The drunkard of yesterday depicted in
glowing colors, and with all the fire of living elo-
quence, the horrors of this evil, and called upon all
to sign the pledge of emancipation. Two years
passed, and 500,000 drunkards were reclaimed —
500,000 families were made happy. But the move-
ment was as transient as it was glorious. It lacked
the first element of success. Started in a moment
of excitement, its advocates neglected to secure the
important advantages they had gained ; the fortress
was taken, and then left open to the ravages of the
enemy ; in short, ere this bright luminary had
reached half its meridian height, the moral heavens
were clouded in darkness, and a desolating tide
rolled back upon them. Such was the state of
Washingtonianism, when another star appeared
above the horizon, and as it approached nearer and
nearer, and its beautiful proportions became more
apparent, it displayed its tricolor of red, white, and
blue, and spread its protecting shield around the
weak and faltering, upholding them in their resolves
by the blessed innuence of Love, Purity & Fidelity.

I shall first briefly notice the advantages which
the Order of the Sons of Temperance presents over
what is called the old societies, and then review a
few of the prominent objections which have been
urged against it.

In the old total abstinence societies, as was the
case with the Washingtonians, no proper steps were
taken to secure the advantages gained. At a pub-
lic meeting, under the eloquent appeals of the tem-
jierance lecturer, the poor inebriate was induced to
sign the pledge. He returned to his house with a
strong resolve never again to touch the intoxicating

*•

bowl, and his family rejoiced in his apparent refor-
mation, but with returning day the gnawinga of a
depraved appetite commenced their preying upon
the poor victim ; he went out to cool his fever in the
fresh air ; every one he met shunned him. His for-
mer companions he dared not af<sociatc with, and the
respectable of the community were unwilling to
make a companion of the newly reformed inebriate.
He felt himself to be alone in the world, and was it
any wonder that, under such circumstances, he
should again fall away. See him now ; appetite
has regained the ascendency ; he has given way to
the promptings of a diseased imagination, and again
is in the meshes of the great destroyer. No brother's
hand is stretched out to save him ; no friendly arm
is thrown around to raise him up. Is the son f
Temperance thus left bruised and beaten to perish
among enemies ? Not if it be. within the bounds
of moral influence to reclaim and save him.

The method of introduction to our Order
is in itself a safeguard against the dangers
which have attended former organizations. The
person by dint of persuasion or otherwise be-
becomes convinced of the danger of continuing his
present course of debauchery. The Son of Tem-
perance is at hand ready to encourage his good
resolves, and to propose him for initiation iiito the
order. One week must necessarily elapse between
the time of his proposition and his initiation, and
during this time he has an opportunity of reflectl; ,.:•
upon the step which he is about to take, and en
couraged by the friends of humanity who cluster
around him, to prevent if possible the sense of
loneliness and a consequent return to the baneful
habit, the man comes up to the Division Room,
and is introduced into a band of brothers,
ready to extend to him the right hand of fellow-
ship, and to support him in the hour of trial and
temptation. Do we deprive him of his accustomed
stimulant ? We give him a holier one, — an honest
ambition to assume his proper standing in society.
Do we deprive him of his pleasant evenings spent
in the tavern bar-room ? We give him pleasanter

■!.

evenings, spent among brothers in the Division
Room. Do we deprive liim of the privilege of as-
sociating with former companions ? We give him
a new set of companions, who arc prepared to
stand by him at all times, and to support him in
his laudable desires to overcome appetite and
temptation. The poor man feels a new life in-
fused into him ; he is again a man, and asserting
that dignity he passes to complete reformation

Not satisfied with merely reforming the inebri-
ate, inclining him to sign a pledge of abstinence,
we provide for the blank which must be felt from
sudden reformation. We enlist the social qualities
of man's nature as well as his reason or his feel-
ings, and thus we are enabled to assume a most
powerful moral sway over those associated with
us. This is one of the leading advantages of our or-
ganization, and I would recommend its attentive
consideration to the' reader. • • • - • r - *

Another advantage is found in our financial de-
partment. We do not wish to deceive the com-
munity by styling ourselves a purely benevolent
institution. Unwilling to be outdone in acts of
benevolence by kindred institutions, we neverthe-
less, in all financial matters, would prefer being
styled a mutual insurance company, the burden of
which every member bears, and to the benefits of
which each is entitled according to the rules of our
order. It is often said that there is nothing which
will keep a body of men together so well as a
pecuniary stake. I have a higher opinion of man-
kind than to subscribe to this doctrine in its fullest
acceptation, but there can, nevertheless, be no
doubt but that money is a powerful incentive, and
it may have been with a !;nowledge of this that
the beneficial part of our order was adopted by its
originators. We premise in case a brother shall
keep inviohi his pledge, and conform to the rules
and usages tu the Division, to insure him a reason-
able compensation in time of sickness, distress, or
in the hour of death. And here, while we would
refraiii from any invidious comparisons with former
organizations, we would ask. What society, either

ren.

)

V
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51'

under tlic old or new pledge, has paid to itn nick
members from it.s own lunds n weekly allowance
of from two to six dollars ? What one has attended
on its sick by day, and supplied them with wuich-
crs by night, for weeks and months together?
What society has paid to the wife of its deceased
brotlier, ten, Ufteen, or thirty dollars, that the one
whom she has loved and cherished from youth
may have a rcs|)ectable burial ? We look in vain
among the annals of ordinary temperance associa-
tions for such acts, yet such, and we say it not in
boast, are the principles and such the duties of the
Sons of Temperance. Did our order possess no
other or no greater qualification, this would, in my
opinion, be sufficient to recommend it to tl e atten-
tive consideration of all well-wishers ol our race.
Again, is the brother away from home, far from
his friends, in a strange land, among strange peo-
ple ? is he in straightened circumstances from dis-
appointed schemes, or by unexpected sickness? If
a Son of Temperance, he can call upon his breth-
ren, though strangers to him, to assist him in his
hour of need. Nor does he receive assistance as a
charity, but as a right which his connection with
the order insures to him. I have seen many
examples of assistance being rendered in this way
by Divisions to strange brethren upon whom the
hand of adversity had been laid while far from
friends or acquaintances, and on such occasions I
have particularly felt that it was a great privilege
to be connected with such an order. Thes^c are but
a few of the advantages of our organization. Did
time and space permit, we could fill a volume with
illustrations. ii-v;ih>,t; . i-riMi

But we must now pass to the . ;;, :.,.■ .,;v oiM

OBJECTIONS.

'ii 'li'H* ft--'

One of the greatest of which, and perhiiji.s the
one which is most frequently advanced, is, that we
area secret Society. All society is lo a certain
extent secret ; all the operations of nature have a
degree of secrecy about them. The World, the
Universe, the God of eternal truth are, epveloped

1. .-M=t '

with 8 mystery which no man has ever penetrated ;
every family circle is a secret society, and the man
who violates the secrecy of the family, is unworthy
of the confidence of the community. Our Order is
in the same sense a secret Society, but it is not so
in the ordinary and oflcnsivc sense of that term.
An eminent writer on this subject, says — " A
secret Society, in its truly offensive import, is one
whose objects of pursuit are secret and hidden from
the public, and whose principles are often so im-
pure, and aim so directly at the overthrow of all
good government, that it becomes necessary for such
a Society, in self-defence, to conceal not only its
principles, but also its designs and objects." Such
were some of the secret Societies in France and
Germany ; and such, too, were those in that unfor-
tunate country Ireland. But I would ask the reader,
can any of those things be charged against the Order
of the Sons of Temperance ? can any one pretend
for a moment that we are a secret Society in any
such import ? Assuredly not. Onr principles are
well known ; our banner has been unfurled, and
floats manfully in the breeze ; and the great design
of our institution is so prominent, that all who walk
may read. " The rescue of the world from the
reign of Alcohol," is our only object ; and in order
the more effectually to bring about this glorious re-
sult, we have adopted certain forms, simple in them-
selves, yet calculated to effect an immensity of good.
But to our secrets. The great secret of our Order is
the pass-word, to which some persons would fain
attach some mysterious influence. It is simply,
however, the key to the outside door of a man's
house, adopted to shield us from the presence of
the vicious and unprincipled, to confer a benefit
and privilege on the initiated, and thus render our
Order more effective in the reclamation of the ine-
briate. Oar pass-word enables Divisions to dis-
criminate between the worthy and the unworthy, to
preserve themselves free from the contamination
of intemperance, and thus bound together in the
bonds of Tempeiance, Fidelity, and Brotherly Love,
each becomes a shield to the other, and al <o the

world an example ; and the Order standii accredited
as the purest and most efficient or^aniziition that
the benevolent spirit of the age hnn yet originated
for the refnovai of tlie great master vice of the
world — intemperance. Another of our seerels if»
the initiation ceremony, which is not that willy and
unmeaning thing that many have supposed it to be.
The candidate is introduced into a company of
gentlemen, with his eyes wide open. The evils of
intemperance are vividly pourlraycd in a short
simple practical lecture. He is briefly exliorted. The

E ledge, neither to " make, buy, sell, nor use as a
everage, any spirituous or malt li<iuors, wine or
cider," is administered — he is obligated to observe
the Constitution and Bye-Laws of his Division, and
the rules and usages of the Order — not to disclose
the private affairs of the Order — and finally, to do
all in his power to advance its interests, and the
general interests of the comnmnity. Such is a
synopsis of the obligation administered during the
ceremony of initiation. And is there anything
unusual or dangerous about it ? A writer has well
said, that " if there were two Societies based upon
the principles of our Order, where there is now one,
our country would be the better for it ! If there
were, in all the beautiful cities and villages of the
land, an anti'tattling, anti-slandering, anti-envying,
mind-your-ownrbusiness association^ and the mem-
bers were all true to their pledges, there would
be fewer moral diseases of the tongue, and of the
heart, than now exist." These then are the secrets
of our Order about which we hear so much, and to
which so great exceptions have been taken ; and
we have no fear of submitting them to the close
scrutiny of a candid, though severe public, feeling
confident that a unanimous verdict in their favor
must be accorded to us.

Another objection frequently urged, is, that all
that can be accomplished with the aid of our organi-
zation can be affected without it, and that, there-
fore, it is wholly unnecessary and uncalled for. In
a Tract, necessarily limited in length, it is impos-
sible to answer this objection as fully as might be

desired. I would, however, refer the reader to the
very brief notice of the history of the Temperance
movement, at the commencement of this Essay, for
the proof, that at the time our organization was
started, some more effective means than any hitherto
adopted, were loudly called for, and essentially ne-
cessary to stay the ravages of intemperance. The
small number of violations of the pledge in our
Divisions, as compared to the number under previous
organizations, is one of the strongest proofs, that
the latter could not have accomplished that
which has been effected by the former. It is
scarcely to be wondered at, that occasionally we
have, in our Order, to lament the uiirdthfulness of
Brothers. It is not strange that ;r .netimes the
strong desires consequent to the hiioit lal use of in-
toxicating liquors, still rankling in the breasts of the
newly reformed Son of Temperance, lead him to
forget his plighted honor, and break his pledge, —
but our discipline enables us immediately to throw
a shield of protection around him, and bring
him back to the paths of virtue ; and although,
occasionally, we are obliged to expel the Brother
who has, by repeated violation, proved him-
self incorrigiblca yet, at the same time, we have
reason to rejoice and be thankful that such cases
are extremely rare.

Our order is composed of three distinct parts, —
the National, Grand, and Subordinate Divisions, —
each of which have their respective and distinct
functions to perform. The National Division,
which is the head of the order, is composed of
delegates from the several Grand Divisions, its
duties being to exercise a general supervision over
the whole field of labor, to devise general
plans, such plans having reference to the whole
order in whatever place situated ; and from it also
emanates the pass- word, thus enabling the Son of
Temperance to carry with him a key which will
admit him to a band of brothers wherever his lot
may be cast. The Grand Division, composed of
delegates from the subordinate Divisions, exercises
somewhat similar functions to the National Divi-

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sion, their jurisdiction being limited by that
body, whence their charters are issued. And
Subordinate, or, as they have most appropri-
ately been ternned, Working Divisions, are the
great pioneers of our order, the vanguard in
the mighty struggle with the demon Intemperance.
The members of these Divisions are expected to meet
weekly. This, however, is not a positive obligation,
there being no penalty for non-attendance ; but it
is expected all will attend, when thai attendance
does not demand a sacrifice of business or interfere
with the prior claims of the family.

The business of these meetings is published to
the world in the by-laws. The discussions are on
various topics, but all connected with the great
subject of Temperance, the leading star of the order,
or with the immediate working of the Division. A
series of questions touching the fidelity of mem-
bers, and on other matters, Lrc put at every meet-
ing by the Worthy Patriarch, or chief officer, one
of which especially manifests the conf f rvative
character of our institution, — "Has any l)n.lher
violated his pledge?" the great object of which
question is, to insure purity to the order and per:
sonal fidelity in the members. Our order is de-
signed and intended to work a mighty reformation
in the world, yet to do so it must keep itself pure
and free from all evil contamination, and with this
subject we endeavor to know, and to know with a
view to correct, any failings on the part of the
brethren. • d j-hv (:•>.•..-:(.,(;..;. -io-

This brief outline of the character and principles
of the order of the Sons of Temperance is designed
more to induce a study of our principles than any
thing else. It will serve to give some idea of the
effects of our organization upon those already with-
in its precincts, and also its probable effects upon
the world at large. That it has done good amid
much oppo«ition we have abundant proof ; that it
is likely to prove still more effectual in bringing
about the benerolent objects which it has in view,
its past history warrants us in believing. We
claim to be Temperance-men in the full accepta-

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5. -S

. 12

tion of the term. Discarding all other objects of
pursuit, we desire steadily to keep the radiant star
of our order in view, to present a safe refuge to the
worn-out mariner on the stormy sea of intempe-
rance. We have but to look round upon society
to become terribly convinced of the deadly ravages
of this Hydra-headed monster. Too long has
drunkenness prevailed. Too long has the destroyer
stalked through the land, like the presiding genius
of perdition, carrying away some of the noblest and
brightest orpaments of society. And still it carries
on its fearful work of destruction, still its ravages are
being felt, and thousands of our fellow-men are being
enveloped within its blood-stained banner, and,
chained to the ruthless car of intemperance, are
being dragged through the dark valley of the
shadow of death and landed on the gloomy shores
of a fearful eternityu wiii'irti^ j ffmta'^^jiifv V> >r»ii^i**
-1 Such, gentle reader, are the characteristics of the
evil with which we combat, and to suppress which
our order was instituted — such are hismightypowers,
that we stand aghast at the mere contemplations of
the miseries that follow in his train. Is any organi-
zation which holds out even a hope of curbing the
power of this spirit fiend not worthy of a trial ? Is
it not your duty, reader, to put forth a helping hand
towards the suppression of this vice. We present
the claims of our Order to you as the most eJrFectual
moral safeguard yet presented to the public ; and
vre entertain a fond hope and firm conviction that
this organization will be one of the most effectual
agencies in bringing aboattBat glorious day which
** looms in the distance," when the cry of the widow
tnd the orphan ^ the offsprings of intemperance, will
no more oe heard in the land, when the sounds <^f
drunken revelry will be forever hushed, and society
■«hall bless the day which ushered in the glorious
feign of total abstinence, tending, as it will, to
bring glory to God in the highest, and on earth peace
-and good will atanofig men. '

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